OOOOThe Boston Computer Society
SINCLAIR-TIMEX USER GROUP NEWSLETTER
Volume 2, Issue 7
July 1983
This newsletter is produced to inform group members of the agenda and
logistics for future meetings, as well as to recap and amplify the information
provided at the last meeting. It also provides a forum for members and
interested parties to communicate what they have learned or developed relating
to Sinclair and Timex computer products. Meetings are open to the public;
however, attendees are encouraged to join the Boston Computer Society (BCS).
This newsletter is free to members. Back issues are one dollar each.
USER GROUP MEETING
Date: Wednesday, July 20, 1983
Time : 7 : 00 p .m .
Place: Large Science Auditorium
UMass , Harbor Campus
(Directions on last page)
At the July meeting, Arman Toorians from Intercomputer, Inc., Boston,
Massachusetts will demonstrate two products that Intercomputer has developed.
Both products are related to real-world applications for the computer. The
first is a controller used to turn on and off 110-Volt appliances, such as
lights. The second is a expansion module made for the controller and other
products marketed by Intercomputer.
FUTURE MEETINGS
We meet every month on the third Wednesday. The August meeting will be
on the 18th. Allan Cohen has kindly volunteered to help coordinate speakers
for the meetings. If you have items to discuss at this or future meetings or
suggestions for presentations, please contact Sue Mahoney or Allan Cohen.
Allan can be reached at 961—3453. If he is not at home, leave a message on
his answering machine.
CONGRATULATIONS CLIFF!
With this issue of the newsletter, Cliff Danielson (photo above) starts
his second year as editor. Cliff also has a nice 2-page article in the June
issue of Computers 83, a biannual publication of Mechanix Illustrated. Much
of what he said has previously appeared in this newsletter . Speaking of
anniversaries, any ideas for the October meeting?
HIGHLIGHTS OF LAST MEETING
Sue Mahoney opened the meeting with an update on the status of the new
Timex computers. She said the TS-1500 and the TS-2000 series would be shipped
to the distributors in August. The TS-1500 is an upgraded version of the
TS-1000. It has movable keys and 16 K of built-in RAM memory. Sue said she
has seen an engineering model of the TS-2000, now called the TS-2068. This
computer will have 48 K of RAM, color, sound, a monitor (as well as
television) interface, and a lot more. The computer will allow a 64 character
display using a monitor. Plans for a 16 K model, called the TS-2048, have
been shelved. Sue's hoping to be able to show production units at the July
meeting. Finally, Timex is currently not writing new software for the TS-1000
and TS-1500. Sue said most of the software efforts are aimed at the TS-2068.
However, Timex is marketing second party TS-1000 software, and it currently
has over eighty titles.
Dave Miller gave a very informative review of two high speed tape loading
programs — Fastload and QSAVE. These products save programs in such ^way as
to make loading the programs much faster. Dave has used both programs, and
has made numerous improvements to them. He has found that neither product
ameliorates problems in loading tape. But this is to be expected, since, in
general, it is harder, not easier, to load tapes at a faster speed. For the
details, see Dave's article. Fastload is available from Gladstone Electronics
for $19.95. QSAVE, which comes with an electronic filter, is available from a
number of sources for $37.95.
Bill Russell (see photo), leader of the
Central Pennsylvania Timex/ Sinclair Computer
Users Group, also gave a presentation. He
described how he unexpectedly landed in the
electronics business by creating the Winky
Board. He said the passive (i.e., no power
required) device plugs into your tape recorder
to produce easier tape loading. It also has
other functions, such as a tape duplicating
capability and an earphone eavesdropper. The
company, G. Russell, is named after Bill's
wife, who is doing all of the marketing.
Bill's group in Pennsylvania is also developing
other products to be marketed by G. Russell.
ese include a program that protects files, a
high speed loader, high-resolution print
graphics, and a least-squares linear regression
analysis program.
Other activities at the meeting included:
Joe Gladstone of Gladstone Electronics and publisher of Timex Sinclair
User attended the meeting and gave out complementary copies of his new
magazine •
Will Stackman announced that a company named TapeX in Boston was offering
C5, CIO, and C30 tapes with quantity discounts. In small quantities, a
tape with box and label can be purchased for about $1.
Sue suggested people call Jordan Kahn Company Inc. in Framingham to get
information on the availability of Timex computers and supplies in the
Boston area. Jordan Kahn is the New England district manager for the
Timex Computer Corporation. The number is (617) 620-1133.
HIGHLIGHTS — Continued
. Printer paper is available, by mail order, from Timex in Little Rock,
Arkansas. Call the Timex information number, 800-24-TIMEX, for details.
Reportedly, paper is also available locally, from Cambridge Paper Company
and Manufactures' Marketplace in West Roxbury.
• BNF Enterprises in Peabody has been selling old , damaged computers and
memories very cheaply. The computer, which sold for $9.95, is sold out.
However, 16 K RAM packs, without the case, are selling for $6.95 (3 for
$18.00), and reportedly 5 out of 6 actually work. Call (617) 531-5774.
OCTOPUS CREDIT
The last issue of the newsletter featured an octopus on the first page.
"How does an octopus relate to our computer?" you may ask. Have you looked at
your system recently? With all the perpherals and cabling, our computer
resembles an octopus. This is not unique to the Sinclair-Timex , however.
Other microcomputer systems, and even hi-fi component systems, suffer the same
maladroitness. The octopus was sketched for the newsletter by Joe Hamel from
New Bedford, Massachusetts, as a favor to member Bob Dyl.
ARITHMETIC DISCREDIT
There were two math mistakes in the last newsletter — so much for
proofreading. In "Knowing Left From Right" we told you 4+2*3 obviously equals
18. In the TS— 1500 article, we said there are 8 bits of bank switching,
giving 8+16=24 total address bits. This means there are 2**24, or 16*(2**20),
or 16 megabytes of addressability (not 64) .
FIREWORKS
If you LET C$="JULY" and
PRINT C$(LEN C$/4) + " FIREWORKS" you
will get a "Fourth" of July Fireworks.
The following program, written by Jack
Hodgson, also has fireworks.
110 LET B=5
120 FOR A=15 TO 4 STEP -1
130 PRINT AT A,B;"0"
132 PRINT AT A,B;" "
135 LET B=B+1
140 NEXT A
150 PRINT AT 4,16;"*"
160 PRINT AT 3,15;"* *"
170 PRINT AT 5,15;"* *"
180 PRINT AT 2,13;"** **"
190 PRINT AT 6,14;"* *"
200 PRINT AT 1,11;"** **"
210 PRINT AT 7,14;"* *";AT 8
,13;"* *" ; AT 9,12;"*
*"
220 PRINT AT 2,10;"* ** ** *
" ; AT 10,11;"* *"
230 LET C$="G900X+3SG+NE+ITKX"
240 FOR Z=1 TO LEN C$
250 PRINT CHR$ (CODE C$(Z)+1);
260 NEXT Z
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TWO HIGH SPEED LOADING AND SAVING SYSTEMS FOR TAPES by Dave Miller
Fastload
Fastload is a machine language program that uses memory locations 31512
to 32767. It requires 16 K of memory. The Fastload program, with its BA.SIC
instructions, takes 2 minutes to load. I deleted some instructions in my
version and got it to load in 1 minute 15 seconds. Because it takes three
instructions from the keyboard, or in a program, to execute the Fastload
function, it is a little cumbersome to use at first. On the reverse side of
the Fastload tape is a shortened bootstrap loader that loads the program which
follows it. The one on my tape did not load. However, it was possible to
make my own bootstrap loader with the instructions provided.
Fastload is selectable at four to six times faster than normal load and
save rates. Since you must load Fastload first, it takes longer to load or
save than l/4th or l/6th the normal time. For example, if it takes 6 minutes
for the normal load, then it takes 1 minute 30 seconds plus 1 minute, or a
total of 2 minutes 30 seconds, at four times the normal loading speed.
Unfortunately, there is no 64 K version of Fastload. Large programs would
benefit most from Fastload. And since Fastload itself takes up about 1/2 K,
you can't use it for programs bigger than 15 1/2 K.
QSAVE
There are two versions of QSAVE — a 16 K version and a 64 K version. The
16 K versions starts at memory location 32000 and ends at 32432. Locations
32433 through 32767 are not used. The 64 K version starts at 8300 and ends at
8731. This version has an address error. POKE 8566,159 and POKE 8567,33 to
prevent program crashing. The last copy of QSAVE I bought came with a note
that said it was compatible with a Centronics printer interface. But after
loading the tape, I found the code was still located at 8300 through 8731,
making it incompatible with my interface.
QSAVE uses BASIC to move the machine code from a REM statement to the
appropriate memory locations. I deleted their BASIC and substituted a machine
language routine saving 5 seconds. QSAVE normally loads in 50 seconds and
loads/saves programs 16 times faster than normal. It is possible to make a
bootstrap loader, but some difficulty could arise because of the filter. An
example of QSAVE loading time is 50 seconds to load QSAVE plus 1 minute 30
seconds to load 48 K of program and data, for a total of 2 minutes 20 seconds.
QSAVE has three user functions — load, save, and verify. Unfortunately, the
verify function is not very useful.
QSAVE comes with a filter which must be used for loading. I encountered
some difficulty loading regular tapes with the filter. Hence I installed a
bypass switch. The first two QSAVE filters I purchased operated off the 9
Volt power supply, and had an on-off switch for the filter and computer. The
third filter I purchased was battery operated. Since it is easy to forget to
shut off the filter, I replaced the battery with a power jack similar to the
first two units' . There is also a small difference in the circuit board of
this third unit, but I have noticed no difference in the performance.
Recommendations
I recommend using either of the above programs if you have a good tape
recorder. Regular cleaning of the tape heads and setting of the volume as per
the instructions are important. Most likely you will not succeed at first or
second try using either Fastload or QSAVE.
COMPUTER IN A DRAWER by A. W. Horlbeck
(This is the first in a continuing series on the systems our members play on.)
The night stand is a little 3-drawer pine unit. The top drawer has a
false top, covered in green leatherette. It has been cut to size for: a
surplus TI keyboard, purchased from Synchronize in Herville, -Texas; a
single-pole, single-throw rocker switch for power; a double-pole,
double-throw rocker switch for SAVE/LOAD select; a neon power-on indicator
light; and a small VU-meter for load volume control.
The television is a Philco 12-inch black and white model B437QWA; and the
tape recorder, a Panasonic Model 2107A, about 5 years old. There is a four
Ampere, 12.6 Volt, center-tap transformer which, rectified and filtered,
provides the power for both the Sinclair ZX-81 (12.6 Volt) and the tape
recorder (6.3 Volt center tap). It replaces the original plug-in
transformers. The little tables on either side of the top drawer were made
from scrap. They are useful for the tape unit and a notepad. Miscellaneous
items store neatly in the otherwise empty second and third drawers.
DOES ANYBODY KNOW WHAT TIME IT IS?
Have you ever noticed how one program will run very fast and another
seems to take forever? The time it takes to run the program is not always
dependent on the number of iterations or the amount of data. This article
will which address the question of execution time. Specifically, we will look
at the relative amount of time required to do various computer operations. In
addition to illuminating the black art of execution time, this information can
be useful in programming real-time or process control applications.
The first table shows the time, in milliseconds (ms), to execute various
functions. The definition of function given in the ZX-81 manual is "a rule
for giving a number (the result) in exchange for another (the argument or
operand) .M Most functions in the ZX-81 or TS-1000 computer involve unary
operations. That is, they take a single operand to produce the result. PI
and RND are exceptions. They are nullary operations, not requiring an
operand. The execution times were derived in the following manner. First,
the time to compute ,fLET A=0+f unction" was computed. From this the time to
compute "LET A=Of result" was subtracted. For example, for the ABS function,
the time to do LET A=0+ABS 0 was computed. Then the time to do LET A=0+0 was
subtracted, since 0 is the result of ABS 0. Note, although the square root
function SQR appears fast, this really is not the case. It is only the result
of the processing for the zero operand. SQR 1 takes 35.32 ms. USR 47 is a
call to a location in ROM where a return instruction (C9 hex) may be found. It
demonstrates the overhead of the USR function.
As expected, the evaluation of functions is quite slow when compared to
the underlying speed of the processor. The Z-80 processor only requires
0.00123 milliseconds (or 1.23 microseconds) to do a typical arithmetic
operation. These machine operations usually require four clock cycles. And
the duration of a clock cycle is 0.000308 milliseconds (or 308 nanoseconds).
This is the reciprocal of the clock frequency, 3.25 MHz.
Function
Time (ms)
Function
Time (ms)
(0)
0.18
USR 47
1.22
variable
0.36
RND
10.34
PI
0.46
SIN 0
37.08
ABS 0
0.48
EXP 0
39.78
NOT 0
0.50
COS 0
40.26
SGN 0
0.50
ATN 0
56.76
(-0)
0.60
LN 1
64.88
SQR 0
0.98
TAN 0
77.56
PEEK 0
1.06
ASN 0
166.88
INT 0
1.12
ACS 0
168.56
When PEEKing at memory, for example in a loop with PRINT PEEK I, you can
notice that zero values get printed much more quickly than nonzero values.
This is indicative of the fact that the value zero is represented by a unique
set of symbols and receives special processing. Usually, a zero is
represented by a floating point number with zero exponent, and the last four
bytes of the number are ignored. The second table shows the time required for
arithmetic operations involving the numbers one and zero. In this table, "|"
stands for the operation, or / . In all cases, except for addition,
operations involving zeros take significantly less time than the same
operation without a zero operand.
TIME — Continued
0 1 0
0|1
no
Ill
1.96
1.00
1.00
1.02
0.68
1.12
0.62
2.10
0.70
0.70
0.84
2.04
• • •
0.74
...
2.90
The third table shows the execution times for many commonly used
statements. These times don't appear very large. But, when a program
executes hundreds or thousands of lines, minutes or even hours can be consumed.
Statement
Time (ms)
FOR J=1 TO 1
NEXT J
10.88
FOR J=1 TO 10
NEXT J
54.52
FOR J=1 TO 10 STEP 2
NEXT J
29.50
GOTO 100
1.86
IF 1 THEN GOTO 100
2.72
IF 0 THEN GOTO 100
1.08
LET A=0
1.50
LET A=B
1.86
PLOT 10,10
4.34
POKE 10,10
1.94
How were the times actually measured? One way to get accurate timing of
machine language programs (in this case the ROM routines) is to trace through
the operation of the program and add up the times for each operation. The
number of clock cycles (at 308 nanoseconds each) for each operation can be
found in many Z-80 programming books. This method is slow, and prone to
errors. It is possible to miscalculate the path, or branch, the computer will
follow after a conditional jump. Such calculations are especially difficult
for a program as complex as the Sinclair ROM.
The only practical way to get the execution times is to measure them. To
get maximum accuracy, the operation to be timed should be put in a loop and
executed many times. In this way, the timing error is divided by the number
of iterations, so that the error per iteration is small. Still, if times are
estimated manually, errors are likely. Great care must be taken so that the
start and stop times are accurately measured.
The times quoted in these tables were obtained using a second computer
(Cliff Danielson's homebrew) which was interfaced to the Sinclair. The second
computer functioned as a clock. The Sinclair computer told the homebrew to
begin the clock. The Sinclair would then perform 50,000 iterations of the
function being tested, using a FOR... NEXT loop. Upon completion of the loop,
the Sinclair computer asked the homebrew for the time. It then substracted
the time required for the FOR... NEXT loop processing and printed the result.
As a result, fairly accurate timing was possible.
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LINE NUMBERS by Dave Wood
The original:
ZX-FORTH
Don’t Be Misled By Cheaper Imitations!
ZX-FORTttM , from The Forth Dimension, is the only full-
function alternative language available for the ZX-81
+TS/1 000 computers. Just a few of the many functions
that are part of ZX-FORTH™ are: auto repeat keys,
pixel graphics, customized backups and a full screen
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Included with ZX-FORTHtm is;
1. Comprehensive Users Manual;
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Did you know that you are not limited to 9999 BASIC lines. If you have
enough memory for them, you can create up to 16383 lines. The system won t
let you edit lines with statement numbers greater than 9999, but you can
create these higher numbered lines by POKEing the line numbers into the BASIC
line. These "high” BASIC lines are executable and listable. The line number
after 9999 will LIST as A000. The highest line, 16383, will LIST as G383.
GOTOs and GOSUBs to "high" lines work fine. Since you have to POKE the line
number, a "high" line is most easily generated by entering it as the lowest
line in your program, then POKEing the high byte, which is always located at
16509. Enter the following to observe how this works:
1)255 PRINT "TOP" 2)P0KE 16509,63 3)254 PRINT "ALMOST" 4) POKE 16509,63
5)253 PRINT "AT THE" 6)RUN 7)9999 GOTO 16383 8) RUN
DOES ANYBODY REALLY KNOW WHAT DAY IT IS? by Jack Hodgson
Today is 6/13/83 or today is 6-13-83 or 061383. If all that's not
difficult enough, some might say, "Today is 13/6/83!" Whatever way you say
it, my question is: How many days ago was April 9? It be a lot easier to
figure this out in a system where, for example, today were 10215 and a week
ago 10208. Such a system does exist. It's called the Julian date system, not
to be confused with the Julian calender. The date in a Julian date system is
determined by the number of days from a base date. For example, if March 1,
1900 is Julian 0, March 5, 1900 is 4, April 1, 1900 is 31, and so on. The
advantages of this system are that it is much easier to compare dates, put
them in order, calculate the days between two dates, etc.
DAY — Continued
Below is a routine that will convert a conventional date to a Julian
date. March 1, 1900 is used as the base date because it helps simplify some
of the problems caused by leap years. Unlike other years divisible by four,
1900 is not a leap year (neither is 2000). Oh, by the way, June 13, 1983 is
30419 and April 9, 1983 is 30354. There are 65 days between the dates.
10 PRINT "TO COMPUTE JULIAN DATE
(BASE=1 MARCH 1900) YEAR?
20 INPUT YR
30 PRINT YR
40 PRINT "MONTH?
50 INPUT MTH
60 PRINT MTH
70 PRINT "DAY? ";
80 INPUT DAY
90 PRINT DAY
100 LET Y=YR-1900
110 IF MTH>2 THEN GOTO 170
120 LET MTH=MTH+9
130 LET Y=Y— 1
140 LET JDATE=INT ((1461*Y)/4
+( 153*M+2775+DAY-l )
150 PRINT MTH;"/" ;DAY;"/" ;YR;
" = JULIAN DATE " ; JDATE
160 STOP
170 LET M=MTH-3
180 GOTO 140
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MACHINE LANGUAGE GROUP MEETS
The Sinclair-Timex machine language special interest group met for the
first time on July 6th. In attendance were nine enthusiast users of Sinclair
or Timex computers. At the meeting, Bob Heath demonstrated his computer
system and some of the machine language software he has written. This
provided the focus for discussions about many aspects of Z-80 machine language
programming, the use of the subroutines on the Sinclair ROM, and hardware
modifications to the computer.
Bob has a very impressive system. Built around a ZX-81 computer, his
system features a large keyboard, real-time clock, analog-to-digital
converter, and parallel input/output (I/O) capabilities. He demonstrated many
of his program development tools, including programs for easy entry, display,
and movement of machine language code, and a disassembler. He also
demonstrated a program he developed for controlling lights in his house. This
program featured table driven software to turn house lights off and on. The
lights can be controlled either according to the time of day or the lighting
conditions as sensed by a photocell (interfaced to his analog-to-digital
converter). Bob can use different criteria for controlling each light on each
day of the week. To actually turn the lights off and on, he has interfaced a
Sears BSR Home Control System to the parallel I/O ports of his computer.
The next meeting for the group will be in August. A meeting is planned
for September also. The meetings will be held at 7:00 p.m. on the first
Wednesday of the month at ITEK Optical Systems in Lexington. Anyone
interested in machine programming or hardware modification to the computer are
encouraged to attend. Contact Bob Heath for details and directions. He can
be reached during the day at (617) 276-2424.
REVIEW OF GRAPHICS KIT by Burt Fisher
The comments on this item of software must be prefaced by the fact that
the reviewer lives in computer isolation (Cape Cod) and my vocation is
broadcasting which is not exactly synonomous with logic. Graphics Kit loaded
on the first try, so I knew I had a rare find. The most valuable part of this
program is not the program, but rather the DEMO which is also included on the
tape. The DEMO quickly shows the full range of capabilities in the main
program. If VUCALC had a similar demonstration, I would not have had to spend
the first part of my life trying to figure it out.
Graphics Kit resides above RAMTOP and consumes about 2 K of memory. It
consists of 23 machine code routines and may be used in your BASIC program by
the use of POKE and USR instruction. It even has its own error code. Among
the capabilities of Graphic Kit are: instant borders on and off, instant
foreground and background, scrolling in four directions, and draw and undraw
of a multicharacter shape. Although the instructions are not very clear, they
far outdistance Timex software instructions. However, a magnifying glass
would have been helpful for reading them. Graphics Kit opens many
possibilities and it will be an asset to many programmers. It costs $14.95
and is available from Softsync, Inc.
TAPE HINT: Mark Tepper, a BCS member in New York State, sent in the following
hint regarding tape loading. Adjust the azimuth of your recorder by sticking
a Philip's head screwdriver down the small hole near the tape read head and
turning in either direction until the tape sounds clearest or the volume is
loudest. (CAUTION: this may affect whether previously saved tapes will load.)
Mark is interested in starting a user group in the Finger Lakes Region of New
York. Write to him at 67 North Main Street, Geneva, New York 14456.
TIMEX 1000
8USIMBSS
Budgeting . . .
Inventory Control . .
Financial Analyzer ..♦♦♦.
Stock Analyzer ••••••«•••
Critical Path Analyzer ••
Bookkeeping
*9.95
*9.95
*9.95
*9.95
12.95
1^.95
GAMES
Leap Frog . .
Star Voyage . .
Fungaloids ........ . *
Invaders . . .
Chess . .
Snakebite ••••••••••••••*
Packman . .
*9.95
$9.95
59.95
59.95
*9.95
*9.95
*9.95
UTILITY
Assembler . .
Disassembler * . .
Compiler .
Graph . . . . .
*9.95
*9.95
*9.95
*9.95
AMD MAHT MOBS HXdTEIG PROGRAMS
CALL FOR FREE CATALOG
Shipping extra. No tax out of state.
DISCOUNT SOFTWARE, INC
ROT PO BOX 2530, New York, NT 10185
IT S HERE!!
•v . . ' .
The keyboard you have
been waiting for!
ONLY $84.95
A LARGE 60 KEY TACTILE FEEL KEYBOARD
(MEASURES 10" x 4") THAT PLUGS INTO THE SAME
CONNECTORS AS EXISTING KEYBOARD ON YOUR
ZX81 OR TIMEX SINCLAIR 1000. IT HAS ALL
SILKSCREENED LEGENDS IN 3 COLORS ON THE
BASE; MOLDED LEGENDS & GRAPHICS ON KEY TOPS;
8 AUTOMATIC SHIFT KEYS (NO SHIFTING REQUIRED)
FOR EDIT, DELETE, SINGLE & DOUBLE QUOTES,
COLON, SEMI-COLON. FUNCTION & STOP; 5" SPACE
BAR; 2 SHIFT KEYS; NUMERIC KEY PAD.
MASS. RESIDENTS ADD 5% SALES TAX
SHIPPING & HANDLING 54.00/UNIT
QUANTITY DISCOUNTS. WE
WILL ACCEPT MC/VISA. PLEASE INCLUDE # S, EXP.
DATE AND SIGNATURE. FOR MORE INFORMATION
SEND SASE. SEND INQUIRIES. CHECK OR MONEY
ORDER TO: KEY
SUITE 75
711 SOUTHERN ARTERY
QUINCY, MA 02169
FOR MORE INFORMATION
Sue Mahoney, Director of the Sinclair-Timex User Group
c/o The Boston Computer Society or call (203) 573-5816.
Jack Hodgson, Publisher
P.0. Box 526, Cambridge, MA 02238, (617) 354-7899.
Cliff Danielson, Editor
14 Davis Road, Chelmsford, MA 01824, (617) 256-4638.
John Kerne ny , Contributing Editor and User Group Correspondent
284 Great Road, Apt. D5, Acton, MA 01720.
Beth Elliott, Librarian.
Allan Cohen, Meeting Coordinator, (617) 961-3453.
ADVERTISING INFORMATION
Computer Related Products and Services Only
Open Rate: $40 per Quarter Page
For Rate Card and Discount Information Contact the Publisher
DIRECTIONS TO THE MEETING: The Sinclair-Timex User Group meets in the Large
Science Auditorium (Room 8/2/009) of the University of Massachussetts of
Boston, Harbor Campus. The Harbor Campus is only 3 miles from downtown Boston
and easily accessible by public and private transportation. From the north or
west, take the Southeast Expressway to Exit 17. Turn left onto Columbia Road.
Enter the rotary and take the first right (Morrissey Boulevard) • Bear right
on the traffic island, following UMass/Boston sign. Turn left into the
Campus. From the south, take Morrissey Boulevard northward to the campus. On
the MBTA, take the Red Line (Ashmont Train) to Columbia Station. Transfer to
the free University shuttlebus in the T parking lot.
DO The Boston
OO Computer Society
Three Center Plaza
Boston, MA 02108
617-367-8080
Nonprofit
U.S. Postage
Paid
Permit 1138
Boston, MA
Circle Chess Group
A. F. Stanonis
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