NOV/DEC 86 BULK RATE
U.S. Postage
VOL. 3 NO. 1 PAID
; Colton, OR 97017
$3.00 Permit No. 51
POSTMASTER:
They Are S+'l/ Around EF Write then Fer Dr, QATED MATERIAL.
———
as ia |
| eh = | “What's All The
a\ea/lvy : AC
— ots Diag yy ) Commotion About?
ITS
TDM's
2nd
NIVERSARY
ISSUE!"
~
SS .
aod oF OF on oe oe on
1S 2 08 OF 06 oe eer
pow Bz Bx Bc Bv Bs Bun Bu § § |
IT’S HERE! !
QL TRIVIA—-GQLUE
HERE IS GREAT NEW COMBINATION GAME!
IF YOU LIKED QLUE AND TRIVIA, THEN THIS IS FOR YOU!
We HAVE COMBINED THE
SE TWO GREAT THINKING HANS’ GAHES
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THAT’S OVER 2100 POSSIBLE OUTCOMES!
AND NOW - OVER 750 TRIVIA QUESTIONS!
QUESTIONS COVER EVERY CONCEIVABLE SUBJECT!
RELIGION - HISTORY ~ SCIENCES ~- GEOGRAPHY -
YOU’VE NEVER SEEN QUESTIONS LIKE THESE!
Also included, at no extra cost r choice of
FOOTBALL FORECASTER or LIFE EXPECTANCY FORECASTER
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WE THINK YOU’LL LIKE THIS ONE!
OUR PRICE? ONLY $19.95 +$2ph
AVAILABLE EXCLUSIVELY FROM:
RMG ENTERPRISES
ANNOUNCING
SOUNDESIGN 2068
A NEW PROGRAMMING UTILITY FOR YOUR 2068!
This little package allows you to design your own
sound effects or musical effects for your programs
Simply and easily. Completely menu driven, usi
only 3 keys, you can design a sound, print out t
necessary program line (generated by our
program) and insert it into your progran.
The core Will let you test out sounds, change
volume & pitch, open or close the sound channels
- all with only 3 keys!
Sound simple? IT IS!
We want you to be able to use our utilities, and the
ie we make them, the easier they are to use and
the more likely you will use and recommend then!
This one it NEW from ARROW SOFTWARE, a company we
hope to hear a lot from in the months ahead!
AT ONLY $12. 9S5t$1.50ph
THIS ONE IS A MUST FOR ALL RS!
IT WILL SAVE YOU MORE THAN THAT IN TIME ALONE!
SOUNDESIGN
TS AVAILABLE EXCLUSIVELY FROM
RMG ENTERPRISES
MAKE CHECKS OR MONEY ORDERS OUT TO:
RMG ENTERPRISES
off? 1/2 7TH STREET
GON CITY, OR 97045
503/655-7484
10 AM TILL 1@ PM TUE-SAT
te ere Tee) ee ee eee oe PuteMa2 P88, SE SRP ORR See np x wat Sn a MIR
SEKTOR 29068
FOR THE FD468 USER
bart A full-featured sector editor for use
with your 2068 and AERCO FD68 disk system.
Very user friendly! Many features that you
would not expect at this price!
Some of the features included are!
READ DISK SECTORS - WRITE SECTORS - CORRECT SECTORS
DELETE/ERASE FILES - COMPARE BLOCKS - COPY SCREENS
TE IBM CLUSTERS - MSDOS (2 VERSIONS)
~ WORKS WITH RP/M AND HORE!
All of this at a price that all FD48 users can afford:
ONLY $15. @@t2ph
Available on 5 1/4" disk, 3° disk or cassette.
Please add $5 for 3s disk version.
Complete with very thorough documentation.
AVAILABLE EXCLUSIVELY FROM:
RMG ENTERPRISES
OUR NEW CATALOG IS COMING!
WE WANT YOU TO GET YOUR COPY!
OUR NEW CATALOG IS BIGGER AND BETTER THAN EVER!
WE’VE ADDED NEW PRODUCTS IN ALL OF OUR OLD LINES
AND ARE ADDING NEW LINES OF MERCHANDISE.
OUR OLD LINES INCLUDE:
TS 2068 & TS 1500 & TS 1000/ZX81 * OL
OUR NEW LINES INCLUDES
COMPUTER FORMS & PAPER PRODUCTS * DISK DRIVES
DISK DRIVE CASES & POWER SUPPLIES & DISK DRIVE CABLES
BLANK DISKS % BLANK VIDEO TAPES & CB RADIOS
MUCH MORE TO COME!!
BECAUSE OF THE HIGHER COSTS OF PRODUCING AND MAILING A
NEW CATALOG, WE ARE FORCED TO ASK, THAT, IF YOU ARE A
SERIOUS CUSTOMER, AND WOULD LIKE TQ RECEIVE ONE OF OUR
NEW CATALOGS, YOU ‘Sep US $2.00 TO COVER THESE COSTS.
IN RETURN
REGULAR ORDER! THAT WAY YOU DON’T ACTUALLY LOSE
ANYTHING AND HAVE A LOT OF SAVINGS TO GAIN!
JUST FILL IN THE INFORMATION BELOW AND SEND THIS FORM
ALONG WITH YOUR CHECK OR MONEY ORDER FOR $2.00 TO THE
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AND THAT’S NOT ALL!
IF YOU ENCLOSE 12 LEGAL SIZED S.A.S.E.s WITH THIS FORM
YOU WILL BE SURE TO RECEIVE OUR MONTHLY SPECIALS
CLOSE-OUTS, NEW PRODUCT NOTICES AND CATALOG UPDATES.
YOU WILL ALSO RECEIVE A COUPON GOOD FOR A $5.00
DISCOUNT ON YOUR NEXT CATALOG ORDER!
THAT WAY IT ACTUALLY COSTS YOU NOTHING!
DON’T MISS OUT! ORDER TODAY!
NOV/DEC 86
VOL. 3 NO. 1
FOR ALL TIMEX AND
SINCLAIR COMPUTERS
TIME DESIGNS MAGAZINE CoO.
29722 Hult Rd.e Colton, Oregon 97017
(503) 624-2658
TIME DESIGNS MAGAZINE is published bi-
monthly and is Copyright © 1986 by the Time
Designs Magazine Company, Colton, Oregon
97017. All rights reserved.
Editor: Tim Woods
Assistant Editor: Stephanie Woods
Editorial Assistant/Production: D.L. Woods
Photography:
(unless otherwise noted): Thomas Judd
Printing by; Toad’! Litho Printing and Comp.,
Oregon City, Oregon 97045
SUBSCRIPTIONS: $15 a year for six issues (US
funds only). No extra charge to Canadian
subscribers. All other countries please write for
information on air mail rates.
CUSTOMER SERVICE: Customer satisfaction is
our goal. For subscription service problems
please write or call TIME DESIGNS.
CHANGE OF ADDRESS: Write or call to prevent
delay of sevice,
Reproduction of this magazine in whole or in
part by any means without written permission is
prohibited by law
“NOTICE: Contributors to TIME DESIGNS are independent
of the TIME DESIGNS MAGAZINE CO., and opinions ex-
pressed in the contents of the magazine are not necessarily
those of the management or its advertisers. Time Designs
Magazine Co. will not be held liable for any damage or conse-
quences resulting from instructions, assertions of fact,
review of products or companies provided in the magazine's
content."
GIVE A
GIFT SUBSCRIPTION
TO TIME DESIGNS
* You'll Help Spread Interest in
sinclair Computers
* We will Supply a FREE CARD
SEND YOUR ORDER BEFORE
DECEMBER 15th
TO INSURE DELIVERY.
Michael E. Carver
eee
D. Hutchinson
The Folks Who Bring You
TIME DESIGNS
y ,
a
Tim Woods and Tom Judd,
Staff Photographer
Stephanie Woods
Assistant Editor
Woods
Editor
Tim
SEES.
Soe: Mii tinea
Syd Wyncoop Stan Lemke
This being our 2nd Anniversary Issue and the start
of our 3rd year of publication, I'm going to pass up the
usual column featured here, and introduce you to some
folks responsible for putting out TIME DESIGNS six times
a year. Most of you know this is a "family" business,
which not only employs both my wife and I, but also
other family members and friends on a part time basis.
TDM really wouldn't be possible without our great
contributors...I feel the very best around. Some of them
have been with us since Volume One.
Above you will find photo's of some of these people
who you have read about, but this time you can tie a
picture to a name. It's all in fun, and at the same time
gives them some deserving recognition. (I've even in-
cluded my own "mug shot" for what it's worth.) There are
many others who aren't pictured above, who are also
regulars to our pages, such as: Tim Stoddard, Warren
Fricke, Bill Ferrebee, Charles E. Goyette, Dick Wagner,
Dennis Jurries, Dennis Silvestri, R. Lussier (as well as
several others). We'll have to get them next time.
I look forward to working with everyone for the
next six issues of TDM, and serving you our readers with
the magazine "written by Sinclair enthusiasts---for
Sinclair enthusiasts". I also want to wish our writers,
their families, as well as our entire readership...
ge
Happy Holidays! Tim ds
Earl V. Dunnington
TDM TWO YEAR ANNIVERSARY CELEBRATION
Tim Woods has asked me to reminisce about the early
days of the Timex Sinclair microcomputers. Ah, nostalgia
time! The good ol' days...or were they?
When you think about it, the "good ol' days" of the
Timex computers only go back to April 1982. That was
when Timex Computer Corporation, a wholly-owned sub-
sidiary of the Timex Watch Company, announced to a
stunned press that it had made an agreement with Sin-
clair Research Ltd. (England) to produce and market the
Timex Sinclair 1000, Timex's version of Sinclair's
ZX8l1...and it was going to sell at 150,000 Timex North
American retail outlets for only $99! That didn't
happen, since most stores that sold Timex watches de-
cided not to try to sell computers...but it was sure
exciting to think about!
But the genesis of the TS 1000 goes somewhat
further back to when "Uncle Clive" Sinclair shocked the
computer world in early 1980 by announcing the first
under-$200 computer, the ZX80. This was an immediate hit
in England and came to the U.S., mail-order only, in
late 1980. This was followed by the ZxX8l1, which was
actually manufactured in Scotland by Timex. It sold for
5150 assembled, or $100 in kit form. The ZX8l quickly
became the largest-selling computer in the world.
I got my first ZxX81 in early 1982. I ordered a kit
for $100, but they had more assembled units than kits,
so they apologized for sending me an assembled unit!
I had already cut my computing teeth on a Radio
Shack TRS-80 Model I 4k with Level I BASIC, which I had
upgraded to 16k with Level II BASIC language. I had
written one book for Hayden Publishing ("Programs For
Beginners On The TRS-80") and many magazine articles, so
the ZX81 was not my first micro...but it quickly got my
attention.
It was FUN to program the ZX81 in Sinclair BASIC,
which was much more powerful than the TRS-80 Level I
BASIC. Because there was only lk of RAM, and much of
that was devoted to the screen, there was not much
memory left for a program...making the challenge much
greater. The graphics were limited, but easy to use.
I started writing articles about the Zx81 and the
Timex Sinclair 1000. Since they were identical, except
that the TS 1000 had a 2k RAM instead of lk, everything
I did with the ZX81 worked on the TS1000. Furthermore,
by adding the 16k RAMpack to a ZX8l, it was the same as
a TS 1000 with a RAMpack. In fact, I never did get a TS
1000. By the time they were available, I had two ZX8ls
with RAMpacks!
I recall the difficulty in getting a printer in the
early days, before the Timex Sinclair 2040, Sinclair put
one out in England for about $100. I don't even remember
what they called it, but it put out so much radio-
frequency interference that the FCC banned it in this
country. It used an electrostatic process that vaporized
a thin aluminum coating to expose the black surface on a
carbon-coated paper roll. I ordered one of these little
printers from Gladstone Electronics, via Canada. The
“Remember Back When...”
by
Fred Blechman
import paperwork, shipping and tariff cost about $35! It
was strange, but gave an acceptable 32-column printout
that duplicated every dot on the screen. To do that on
many of today's micros takes special graphic screen dump
programs!
My first ZX/TS-oriented article was in the Sept/Oct
1982 issue of SYNC Magazine. I subsequently wrote 20
other articles covering the 2Zx8l1, TS 1000, TS 1500,
TS 2068, Spectrum, and OL for other magazines...Elec-
tronic Fun, CES Daily, Microcomputing, TODAY (Compu-
Serve), Timex Sinclair User, Computer Shopper, Computers
& Electronics, Computer Trader and Modern Electronics.
My last "Timex" article was a 7-page hands-on review of
the Sinclair QL in the June 1985 issue of Modern Elec-
tronics.
Along the way, I wrote the book, "Timex Sinclair
2068 Beginner/Intermediate Guide" for Howard W. Sams. It
is now out of print, but available from the E. Arthur
Brown Company. They also sell my friend Jeff Mazur's
book, "Timex Sinclair 2068 Intermediate/Advanced Guide",
also published by Sams, which picks up where mine leaves
off. Writing that book was a real challenge, since I
didn't have a TS 2068 Personal Color Computer! Dan Ross,
the man running Timex Computer at the time, made an
arrangement for Jeff and me to each have a Sinclair
Spectrum, on which the TS 2068 was based. We also got
some advance information, but had to make some educated
guesses. Sue Mahoney and George Grimm at Timex were very
helpful...thanks, wherever you are today...
The real irony was that my completed book manu-
script went to the publisher in early August of 1983...
and later that same day Federal Express delivered the
first TS 2068 I had ever seen! Luckily, after checking
out the actual 2068, I only had to change one paragraph
in my manuscript.
As it turned out, the computer had been delayed so
long my book hit the streets before the computer...and
Timex closed down the computer division just a few
months later. What a shame! A great little computer
caught in a web of bad engineering and marketing de-
cisions.
In their defense, Timex management had a host of
problems with the real value of a "home computer" being
challenged, and price wars created by the competition
forcing profits too low. Add the unreality of trying to
effectively sell a device as complex and unfriendly as a
computer in drug stores, and the stage was set for re-
percussion. Timex was not the only micro manufacturer to
fall on bad times. It just seems, however, that if they
had “hung in there" about another six months, the
superior features of the TS 2068 would have become
known.
What have I done since? Well, I've had other
computers in my collection...TRS-80 Model III (two of
those), TRS-80 Model 4P (two of those), Coleco ADAM,
Radio Shack MC-10 Microcolor Computer, Sanyo MBC 555-2,
Apple IIc, and just recently got an IBM PC/XT clone.
I've written three more books since my Timex 2068
book, and over 200 computer-related magazine articles.
"The ADAM Beginner & Intermediate Guide", a book written
for Sams, was cancelled after acceptance and editing,
due to the fall of the ADAM. My "Sanyo Beginner & Inter-
mediate Guide" and "Apple IIc - An Intelligent Guide"
were published by CBS Computer Books, just before they
abandoned the computer book market. I've personally sold
ever 1000 copies of the Sanyo book, since like the Timex
machines...it has many devoted users.
I hated the Apple IIc, the ADAM was "unspeakable",
but I love the Sanyo! It offers the ease and power of
programming remindful of the TS 2068, but with two
built-in disk drives and 48,000 pixels on the screen
(640 x 200), each in any of eight colors! Wow!
Thank goodness I've got my Amway Emerald Direct
Distributorship to support my computerholic tendency!
Nowak’s Letter Gets Response
Editor's note: Our mai£ box has been quite full the past
two months due to a fetter and request we published in
the Sept/Oct '& issue of TDM, on page 3. To paraphrase
Mn. Nowak's fetter, he requested a short program or
noutine that would by-pass the monitor and dump dinectly
to the printer for doing simple computations. While the
angwea appears fo be 4impfe, such as the use of the
LPRINT command, here 14 what some of our readers came up
with, And thanks to everyone who took the time to write.
Dear Tim,
In the Sept/Oct 1986 issue Michael J. Nowak asked
for a way to have the 2068 print to the printer instead
of the screen. One simple method, which will work in the
immediate mode or as a program line, is: OPEN #2, "Pp"
The “#2" part refers to PRINT and LIST commands. The “P"
refers to the 2040 printer ("S" would mean screen in
this syntax). Hence, PRINT or LIST will subsequently go
to the printer instead of the screen, LLIST, LPRINT,
INPUT, and lower screen messages will still appear on
the screen. CLOSE #2 gets things back to normal.
Opening and closing files in this way was not
mentioned in the 2068 User Manual (more Timex unfinished
business), but it can be a useful feature. Listing #1 is
an example in which channel #4 is used to give a screen
or printer option for the output. I chose #4 because #1,
#2, and #3 are reserved for INPUT, PRINT/LIST, and
LPRINT/LLIST commands, respectively. It's worth ex-
perimenting with!
Sincerely,
Larry Dietrich
Blanca, CO
100 REM EXAMPLE OF DEVICE INDEPENDENT OUTPUT
110 LET GETKEY=1000
120 PRINT “Output to Screen or Printer?
or P>***
130 GO SUB GETKEY
‘Press &
140 IF I8<>"S" AND I$<>"s" AND I$<>"P" AND I$<>"p" THEN
GO TO 130
150 OPEN #4,15
200 REM BODY OF PROGRAM
£10 FOR L=1 TO 10
220 PRINT #4; TAB (L<10);L;" squared = "; L&L
230 NEXT L
240 PRINT ‘"DONE": REM THIS PRINTS TO SCREEN
2 30 STOP
1000 REM GETKEY SUB 1 squared = 1
1010 LET IS=INKEYS 2 squared = 4
1020 IF I$=""" THEN GO TO 1010 3 squared = 9
1030 RETURN 4 squared = 16
5 squared = 25
6 squared = 36
< 7 squared = 49
LISTING 1 An par ge
9 squared = 61
10 squared = 100
TDM TWO YEAR ANNIVERSARY CELEBRATION
Also, well over 1000 Amway Product Distributors have
purchased my $100 "AMBIZ—PAK" of 10 programs for the IBM
PC/Clones, TRS-80 Models III/4/4P/4D, and the Sanyo MBC
550 series.
I'm pretty much out of the Timex environment now,
and will not be writing about the QL. However, I can
well understand the fascination and dedication many of
you hold for the Sinclair and Timex machines. As I
recall, at one time Timex used ads with the slogan "The
POWER is in your hands!" May the POWER be with you...
-LETTeR Ss
To the Editor,
In response to Mr. Nowak's letter in TDM Sept/Oct ‘86
issue--the enclosed program works well on the 2068 and
TS 1000 (using the proper “to the power" symbol). It can
be enhanced by putting in an entry counter with C$ and B
tabbed to other locations and/or reversing the position
of C$ and B. The base program is: 10 INPUT C
20 PRINT C or LPRINT C
30 GOTO 10
The value of C is calculated and printed (Lprinted) as a
single value. The entry prompted by an L cursor jis not
printed (Lprinted) and is “lost”.
W.B. Gray Jr.
West Caldwell, NJ
1 REM seeeesEValvatorS.s.eneer
2 REM ..e.+sLINES 1,2,3,4,51,
100,101 NOT NECESSARY......2.65
3 LPRINT “INPUT, “ANSVER"™
4 LPRINT “eases” ,™ .
20 INPUT Cs
30 IF Cg$="0" THEN GO TO 102
# ee © @ © @
40 LET B=VAL Cs
50 LPRINT C$; TAB 15;"=";B
51 LPRINT
na
a a a ee ee
iT}
101 LPRINT “a24444444444434444%
ESEESESER EEE"
182 STOP
348= ii
Bi56 50 aad shea ato ba a oe
Sikes 465-0 SS ee
wens 2 oe ee oe,
eS SS SS SS ia i a ee i ie ee
SSS SF SF SF SS SS SS SSS SE SE ee eee ee ee ee ee
To the Editor,
Regarding Mr. Nowak's letter: There is a very simple
solution to this, but it has two small drawbacks. After
turning on the 2068, type in:
POKE 26692,80 : POKE 26697,80 (Enter)
Now everything that would normally go to the screen will
go to the printer. Drawback #1- No program line or im-
mediate command can be entered that is longer than 32
characters (the length of the printer buffer). Longer
program lines can be loaded from tape, before or after
the Poke's, or typed in before the Poke's. Drawback #2-
with an immediate command like: PRINT 2+2 (Enter) the
answer (4) will overwrite the “P" in the word PRINT in
the printer buffer before it is sent to the printer...so
type in: PRINT 2+2 and then hold down the space bar to
fill the printer buffer. When the printer starts to
print, press enter and the answer (4) will print on the
next line,
Yours Truly,
P. Aylesworth
Bradford, Ontario
Canada
ALSO AVAILABLE FOR THE T/S 2068
POWERFUL AND INEXPENSIVE BUSINESS SOFTWARE
FOR 2X81, T/S1000 and T/S1500 COMPUTERS
ZX-TEXT
CorPYRIGHT
ALBERT F,
“RHSUEE BY ENTERING A NUMBER’
A word processor is to a computer user
what a typewriter is to a typist, except that the
former has more advantages than the latter.
£X-Text can operate in 16-64K RAM providing
from 1300 to 6500 words per document. It
features 6 different options: write, read, edit,
print, save and clear text. Text is written on a
per-line basis with quick speed and with
horizontal back-space and delete capabilities
being available. You can also access the
editor directly from write mode and vice-versa.
Text can be proof-read on a per-line basis
allowing for enough time to determine if any
editing is needed. The text editor allows a line
of text to be deleted, inserted, replaced and
listed for editing. You may also change a word
or expression within a line, stop or start text
while it is scrolling up the screen, begin
reading text from the first line of the file, re-
enter write mode from the editor, return to the
main-menu or create a window so that you
can read-edit two files simultaneously. The
print option takes text displayed in 30-column
format on the screen and outputs to either the
ZX/TS printer. (With Memotech's Centronics
Parallel interface §80-column and lower/
higher - case output is possible.) Files may
be saved on tape cassette with the use of
one single Command, or by the same token they
can be erased from memory / storage so that
the full capacity of the program can be used
for other purposes such as composing letters
reports, articles, memos, standard forms,
instructions, ads, graphs, telephone
directory, lists of customers, members,
friends...etc. Also copies of files are always
less expensive and easier to run than using a
photocopier. Other advantages are savings in
lime, paper, ink, correcting mistakes and
adding afterthoughts more efficiently than
doing them through either handwriting or
using a typewriter
$16.95
ZX-CALC
ic) a RODRIGUEZ
ts #82888 8 FO asta”
i
BUDGET 7
teeeee
JAA
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|
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PRL
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setae
25
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55
25
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TtOPdSe OOOH S RESTS SORE E EERE
oF
An electronic spreadsheet calculator is the
fundamental basic tool for summarising, reporting
and analyzing in matrix form any accounting,
mathematical or scientific manipulation of num-
bers. 7X-Calc operates in 32-64K RAM andatfords
a Maximum of 3360 characters / spreadsheet. The
entire matrix consists of 15 columns (letters A-O)
and 30 rows (numbers 1-30) with 8 characters /
cell. Unlike other popular ESCs, 7X-Calc uses in
calculations and within cells all 14 math functions
on the ZX-81/TS1000. It offers a unique “SUM
function that totals one or more rows/ columns
simultaneously. Parenthesis can be used within
equations. There is no fixed limit on how many
equations may be entered. Formulas may be
stored in all 420 cells of the spreadsheet. The
display affords 15 rows/colums. Loading of data
into more than one cell can occur across /down
one or more row/column simultaneously. With
vertical windowing you Can arrange a set of col-
umns in any order, or practice using fixed-variable-
alignment display formats. The menu offers 6
options. enter / erase, move, calculate, print, save
and clear the spreadsheet. Enter/erase allows
the entering, deletion or data alignment within a
cell through the use of a mobile cursor. With the
move option you may move around the entire
sreadsheet to access any row, column or cell.
The calculate option allows you to enter labels,
values or formulas into a cell or write and enter
equations that will act upon the data already within
the spreadsheet. You can also enter bar graphs
into a cellinthis option. Absolute / relative replica-
tion, down/ across acolumn/row, isalsoallowed
by this option. Also this option allows the auto-
matic calculation of the entire spreadsheet with
one single command. Print allows youto outputto
either the ZX / TS printer the entire spreadsheet by
column-sets and row-pages through use of the
COPY command. The entire spreadsheet may be
saved on cassette tape or you may clear all data
from it or erase the program from RAM entirely
The most salient advantage provided by anESC
over specifically vertical applications software is
that an ESC provides a reusable framework with
which you can compose any specific financial
model rather than just belimitedto only one stati-
Cally fixed format for storing. displaying and
manipulating numerical data
$16.95
ZX-CALENDAR
re M ADE
| DAT! ZO @4-i7 ea
ae." EVAH REFO, CAREER
6.308 A...
SOQUEL ae 2 HOUR
LT CACE: J 2358 SALZEDO sT., NO.
G., 44-1598
De wt
RE, O36 , 8008-7
Time management is an important aspect of
any serious business and personal agenda.
Planning how to spend our time leaves us better
prepared before and while we are spending it
and we remain better organized after we finish
spending it. ZX-Calendar operates in 16-64K
RAM affording 25 appointments in 16K, 100 in
32K or 180 in 48K and 64K. Each
appointment record holds a maximum of 220
characters. The main menu includes enter,
search/check/sort, change, save, clear and
print any and all appointments made on a
specific date or with any party. Output to either
the ZX/TS printer is permissible. This program
will permit you to remember to do something or
to be somewhere important by cataloging your
answers to six questions that you must account
for in order not to waste time when it is scarce:
when, with whom, at what time, for how long,
where and what are you going to discuss and
conclude when you get together with someone
else? The program lets you permanently
originate, record, classify, search, sort,
calculate, modify, summarize, obtain a written
report and store your answers to the preceding
questions so that you will not forget what you
decide to do with your time. This program
identifies your time according to when you are
going to spend it and with whom you are going
to share it. Through these forms of labeling
appointments you are able to verify or modify
how your time is budgeted without wasting ink,
paper or more time trying to remember what you
said to yourself or what someone else said to
you or where you placed certain written
messages that you now can't find. With this
program you will know where you can find
exactly what you need to know about where you
want to and have to be, or where you have been,
before you get and after you got there. Thus, ZX-
Calendar will let you plan your time so that you will
never have to worry about what ts ahead or what
came before, for you will always know, by using it,
lo never be caught astray by any time-frame.
$16.95
$3. 00 SHIPPING AND HANDLING / ‘PROGRAM
A.F.R. SOFTWARE - - 1605 Pennsylvania Avenue, No. 204 - Miami Beach, Florida 33139
DEALER INQUIRIES WELCOME (305) 531-6464 FLORIDIANS ADD SALES TAX
L-1 © 1984 a . |
Goyette’s “Ski” and “Cavern” A Hit
Dear Tim,
I found "SKI" (TDM-July/August 86) by Charles €E.
Goyette, to be a fantastic game. The only problem was
that the person with the highest score for a game was
not always listed as being the winner. Changing H$ to S$
in line 500 seems to correct this."
Sincerely,
Kenneth Fracchia
Buffalo, NY
Dear Time Designs,
I have enjoyed both "CAVERN" and "SKI" by Charles
E. Goyette. They both act and react faster than my
fingers can manipulate the keys. I did however, make a
slight change in "SKI". I changed the trees that look
like "bugs" to trees that look like trees with:
g000 DATA 1,128,1,128,3,192,3,19
2,7,a@24,7,224,1,128,1,128
This makes a nice pine tree with the addition of color,
“INK 4", in line 1100.
For what it's worth,
Sincerely,
Richard B. McMahill
Washington, DC
Mathematics
Dear Sir,
Readers of TDM might be interested in the following
equalities produced by my 2068. Other such relationships
can be obtained by use of the program shown on page 232
of Laurie Buxton's book, "Mathematics For Everyone”.
PI - 103993/33102
EXP 1 - 49171/18089
SQR 2 - 66922/47321
SQR 3 - 70226/40545 =
SQR 10 - 168717/53353 = 0
-125 - 1/8 = 5.8207661E-11
1.3 - 13/10 = 4.6566129E-10
oe
oocea
Sincerely yours,
Howard R. Wilkerson
Greenville, SC
Request for LARKEN Help, etc.
Dear Sir,
I am writing in the hopes that you may be able to
help me with a few questions. First of all I understand
that there is a version of Prologue available for the
Spectrum. I have searched all present and back issues of
ZX Computing, Your Sinclair and Sinclair User that I own
and could find no mention of it. I am hoping that you or
one of your readers might know of the program I am
talking about.
secondly, I am hoping that someone might be able to
help me with some conversion problems. I am trying to
convert some of the other languages for the TS 2068 and
the Spectrum onto the LARKEN disc drive system. I have
Abersoft FORTH, Hi-Soft C, Hi-Soft Pascal and YS Mega-
basic which I would like to make full compatable with
the Larken system. So far, I have been able to put the
main Basic loaders and machine code onto disc, but I do
not know how to convert Save-Load routines within each
language to save and load from disc. Perhaps someone has
already solved the problem and could offer me some help.
I thank you for your time and trouble.
Sincerely,
David Sdlly
OTSUG Librarian
Ottawa, Ontario
Editon: I have found no reference to a "Paofogue" pro-
gram jor the Spectnaum, but some other ieeceie alti may
provide the answer. AS fon your software conversion
probfems with the LARKEN disc daive interface, it sounds
fike you may have an eanfier version of the LARKEN DOS.
I have been in contact with Lanny Kenny (a.k.a.; Larken
Efectronics) and he mentioned that a mew 72068 DOS 6
available on disc that has improved LOAD/SAVE commands
[Supporting Arrays, Basic Code), and also FORMAT, CAT,
ERASE and OPEN® commands. Larry also mentioned that he
will begin work on offering the DOS (which 4 Spectaum
compatib£e) on a cantnidge, therefore using no computer
RAM, Ho£d on to youn seat on this one...4t will have the
NMI save feature. This will alfow you to do "snap shot"
saves Like that on the John Oliger Dise Interface. I
would suggest that anyone requiring information on new
LARKEN ampnrovements umite to: Lanken Electronics, RR#2
Navan, Ontario, Canada K4B-1H9.
“Pigskin Picks”
Dear Tim,
I am sending my check for another enjoyable year of
TOM...the only real connection I have with the TS world,
and I always look forward to receiving my TDM. I have
enclosed a small football prediction program that I
wrote. The program will average about 653 correct over
the whole season.
I am also wanting to start a Users Group in the
Bee County Area. If I can start one, it will be called
"Bee County Timex Sinclair Users Group"- 6.C.1.S., and
if it is possible I would like to give the members that
don't have computers a ZX81 or TS 1000 for joining. I
would like to hear from other TS users for some input on
this subject.
Sincerely,
Tom Proffitt
706 Morales St.
Beeville, TX 78102
Editor: "Pigskin Picks" was fun, but my team Looked just
as bleak as before I keyed in your program (better fuck
for me next year, I guess). Hope you get a users group
off the ground. A free computer offer 18 hard to beat.
1 REM “BY: eos PROFFITT
AT
PLACE: BEEVILLE, TEXAS
e& REM “Pigskin Picks" Can alse
o be used for Batketbatt. It wor
KS bEett after the fourth game. ‘
Not to be used for gambling if y
ou want toa acer aS money!"
~ BORDER 1: P : INK F: €
iS : POKE 236095, 7a
18 PRINT TAB &:' ‘PIGCSRIN PICKS"
li PRINT ‘FRSFEEFTSETIAATE EADS
FFFFRETILERS™
[0 INPUT “enter 1st. team “;ag
ss wae ENTER OFEENSE-POINTS
130 REM ENTER DEFENSE- POINTS
160 INPUT "“POINTS-A8GAaINST “0
178 INPUT “enter games played "
200 INPUT “enter Ond.team “; fs
255 REM ENTER OFFENSE-POINTS
299 INPUT “POINTS-FOR “;1
oO REN ENTER DEFENSE-POINTS
3209 INPUT “POINTS-AGAINST sll ee |
350 INPUT “enter games played
460 LET t=c re
470 LET ve-d-e
430 LET rai -t
4008 LET s=j +k
SO@2 LPRINT ag; " “"“; IMT (45),
S108 LPRINT fs; “; INT (u4 é
Se LPRINT
S320 LPRINT
540 GO TO 180
TS COMPUTERFEST II Plans Aired
While May is months away, plans and groundwork for
the Second Annual Mid West TS Computerfest continue. The
"Main event" this time will be held in Indianapolis,
Indiana, on May 2nd and 3rd. It is being planned and
hosted by nearly all of the representatives of the
highly successful TS Computerfest held in Cincinnati
last year, including Chairman, Frank Davis of Peru,
Indiana.
Time Designs has been in contact with many of the
dealers who attended the first show, and the over-
whelming response has been "we'll be there again!". In
fact several dealers who were unable to attend last year
are definetly coming this time. Most preliminary figures
estimate that the Indianapolis Computerfest will have
double the attendance this time around, with perhaps as
many as a thousand, now that the word is getting out.
Interested parties can write to Mr. Davis at: 513
East Main Street, Peru, IN 46970, for further details.
Be sure and plan now to leave the first weekend in May
open...you won't want to miss the Timex Sinclair “event
of the year"!
New SPECTRUM Off To Giant Start
American Travelers Abroad Report on PC Show
American Timex Sinclair distributors Rob and Debbie
Curry of Curry Computer and John Warburton of Sunset
Electronics attended the annual Personal Computer Show
in Olympia, Great Britain, the first weekend of Sep-
tember. The well-attended showing featured among other
things, the premier of the Amstrad/Sinclair Spectrum
128k+2. Many thanks go to Mr. Warburton who thoughtfully
picked up an extra brochure, which is pictured to the
right, for Time Designs readers. The new Spectrum which
replaces the previous 128k computer released six months
ago by Sir Clive, offers both a professional full-travel
keyboard and an integrated cassette recorder. It also
has on-board twin joystick ports that use the Sinclair
Interface 2 protocols (non Atari-type). Gone is the
traditional black Sinclair look, for a new grey color.
It was curious that Commodore for the most part
was absent at the show, while both Amstrad and Atari had
huge displays. The Atari section featured many after-
market companies, but all were integrated into the main
Atari section with corresponding displays and decor...
now that's company support! Meanwhile, Amstrad launched
the new PC1512, an inexpensive IBM PC clone that is
already receiving extremely rave reviews from the press.
Watch for this one, it is rumored that it is coming to
the U.S.
There were many software companies in attendance
including an outlandish display by BEYOND, which rep-
licated the bridge of the star ship Enterprise...a
gimmick to announce their coming program, "Star Trek".
Their were many other Spectrum related booths, and even
some for the seemingly ill-fated Sinclair OL, such as
the London-based support group, Quanta.
The Curry's stated that software and hardware
"deals" struck at the PC Show, will greatly benefit U.S.
Sinclair consumers in the coming months.
‘*All The News Fit To Print’’
ARCTAN COMPUTER VENTURES or Northampton, England,
is an excellent source of support for the 2X81 or TS
1000 computers. The part software company and 2ZxX8l
magazine publishers have a five page brochure available.
Arctan Computer Ventures (or A.C.V.), offers over a
dozen different software titles, many of which are games
(but also some utilities...like a 280 Disassembler).
The ARCTAN ZX8l1 Users Club has now published five ex-
clusive magazines for ZX8l users. For complete infor-
mation and prices, write to: A.C.V., 1 Foxwell Square,
southfields, Northhampton NN3 5AT, England.
Many months ago, we reported on the E. Arthur Brown
Company of Alexandria, Minnesota, purchasing the ex-
clusive U.S. publishing rights to England's popular
computer telecommunications book, THE HACKER'S HANDBOOK.
Now, Eben Brown (of E. Arthur Brown) reported to Time
Designs, that the book is in it's second printing here.
Hugo Cornwall, the author of the hacker's guidebook,
made a scheduled appearance in San Francisco, California
for a lecture at the "Hacker's 2.0 Conference", on the
25 and 26th of October. Mr. Cornwall is a noted in-
ternational expert on modem "hacking". For information
and prices on "The Hackers Handbook", write to E. Arthur
The Hacker's Handbook
Brown at: 3404 Pawnee Dr., Alexandria, MN 56308, or call
(612) 762-8847.
DUNGEON OF YMIR Version Three is here. The all new
high resolution maze game is available now for the 2X81]
or TS 1000 that has both a 16k RAM pack and an 8k CMOS
(static) RAM board such as the popular "Hunter NVM"
board. Incidentally, if you have a copy of "Thrust" by
the Weymil Corp., you are already set up to run Dungeon
Of Ymir V3. Further details on this mega-game and other
fine products for your ZX/TS, write to: Fred Nachbaur
[Silicon Mountain Computers], C-12, Mtn. Stn. Group Box,
Nelson, B.C. VIL 5Pl.
Improvements on the "tried and true" appears to be
the trend this month. In the May/June 86 issue of TDM, a
program called “Money Machine" was mentioned for those
that like word/thinking type games. We said that it re-
sembled the TV game show "Wheel of Fortune". Now, the
author has taken the program one more step...and we
can now say that MONEY MACHINE II is a Wheel of Fortune
clone. This should sell a lot of copies, as the TV show
has gained a tremendous following. A lot of detail has
been incorporated in this 2068 program, including a
Vanna White ("Banna Brite" in the program, to protect
author Herb Bowers from any legal implications) sprite
that turns the letters. Play is conducted as in the show
and up to three players can participate. Libraries of
additional puzzles will be released periodically, but
the 250 that come with the program should keep you and
your friends up all night playing this one. Very good
graphics and sound. Price is $15 from ABBA Soft, 2588
Woodshire Cir., Chesapeake, VA 23323.
Banna Brite turns the letters.
We've been impressed with all of the new stuff
coming out of RMG Enterprises (1419 1/2 7th St., Oregon
City, OR 97045) these days. New software titles include
SOUNDESIGN (a utility for easy development of sound
code utility for the 2068 that was inspired by a feature
on the Sinclair QL. Interrupts allow the user to witness
the actual execution of BASIC programs, as program lines
are simultaneously displayed.) RMG also has excellent
prices on disk drives, cases and power supplies, and
many other items for the computer hobbyist. A new
catalog is available for $2 (your $2 is deducted from
your first order...so actually you pay nothing for the
their catalog). Write for a copy.
Pete Fischer and Steve Ishii have put together the
TS GUIDE TO TELECOMMUNICATIONS, which lists BBS phone
numbers, hardware and software, and many useful tips. To
obtain your own copy, write to P.O. Box 2002, Tempe, AZ
85281.
Have you blown your 2068's SCLD chip? Symptoms in-
clude video display problems, excessive LOAD and SAVE
troubles, problems with internal clock timing and key-
board decoding, and others, you may have a faulty SCLD
that needs to be replaced. You could send your 2068 in
for repairs, but you can now (with some difficulty)
replace your own. You may, or may not be aware that the
SCLD is the only chip in your computer that isn't
available commercially. Through the efforts of the
Capitol Area Timex/Sinclair Users Group (P.O. Box 725,
Bladensburg, MD 20710), which bought a large supply of
them from the Timex computer factory in Portugal, you
can now obtain these custom chips. C.A.T.S is offering
them for $20 each ppd.
Knighted Computers, 707 Highland St., Fulton, NY
13069 (phone 315-593-8219) has obtained the U.S. rights
to market TOMAHAWK, a combination helicopter flight
simulation program and arcade game. Knighted has con-
verted this popular Spectrum program to the stock Timex
Sinclair 2068. The helicopter is a U.S. Army AH-64A
APACHE, and features a 3D cockpit/window display, and
use of both 2068 joystick ports! Price: $16.95.
i
TOMAHAWK has landed
on U.S. shores.
A new ROM resident Monitor/Disassembler is now
available for the Sinclair QL called ROMON. This comes
from Meta Media Productions, 726 West 17th, Vancouver,
B.C., Canada V5Z 1T9. ROMON 1.21 sports a host of fea-
tures not usually found in a monitor. These include the
display of SuperBASIC Functions & Procedures currently
resident, the display of Jobs resident including the
starting address and length of the job, the display of
the major system variables and SuperBASIC variables, and
more, in addition to the usual monitor functions of
memory display and modification, register display, ect.
ROMON is supplied on a ROMcard for the QOL ROM port. Less
than 1k of RAM is used for the storage of Monitor Vari-
ables. Write for pricing and further information.
Zebra Systems Inc., has just purchased the entire
remaining stock of the popular SOFTSYNC line of 2068
software including the ZEUS ASSEMBLER, ZEUS MONITOR/
DISASSEMBLER, Personal Accountant and several games.
zebra is now selling these commercial quality programs
at a special price in time for the Holidays (stuff your
stockings with these!). Consult their catalog or ads
for further details, or write to: 78-06 Jamaica Ave.,
effects in your 2068 programs) and TRACER (a machine 7 Woodhaven, NY 11421.
KNIGHTED GOMPUTERS
707 Highland Street
(315) 593-8219
FULTON, NY 13069
Software & Peripherals
TS 2068 °
TOMAHAWK
TOMAHAWE is a real-time flight
Simulation based upon the US ARMY AN-64A
APACHE Advanced Atack Helicopter - the
meanest, deadliest combat helicopter
ever Co rale the skies! Its specialized
job is to hunt tanks and destroy
anything that gets in its way. The
Apache was built specifically to fight
aad survive, night and day, in the thick
of the battlefield.
Flying a real helicopter is a demanding
task, requiring training and practice -
particularly ground attack. TOMANAWK
gives you this challenge. Cliab into
your cockpit and prepart for
take-off....
FEATURES: Spectacular 3D real
world display *Fally aerobatic (within
limits of the real helicopter) *Ground
attack & air-to-air interception *Over
7000 ground features *Day/Hight vision
systems *Cloudy conditions, crossvinds ¢
turbulence *Doppler navigation & target
tracking system *Laser guided missiles,
plus rockets & jam chain gun *Selection
of training and combat missions
*Iapressive sound effects *Pilot ratings
- Trainee to Ace "Uses BOTH TS2068
joystick ports!
ITM * 1212
$16.95
MICRODRIVE CARTRIDGES
(pk of 4) Item #1158
_ey ~Microdrive
TRANSFORM BOX - HOLDS 20 CARTGS.
Item #1205 $ 9.95
[S1l2K RAM
EXPANSION
This 512K card increases the
QL's memory to 640K of Random
Access Memory. With this memory
expansion you can take full
advantage of your QL. Our
memory board is equipped with
thru-porting so that you will
still be able to connect a disk
drive interface. This is
another high quality product
from KNIGHTED COMPUTERS.
Item #1069
HARDWARE FOR YOUR QL COMPUTER
QL PRINTER
80 CPS, 9 PIN DOT MATRIX, AND
COMES WITH LQ MODE (LETTER
QUALITY) AND CABLE TO HOOK UP
DIRECTLY TO YOUR QL SERIAL PORT.
Item # 1198 $199.00
QL PRINTER RIBBON
Item # 1180 §$ 11.95
VISA
§ 11.95
$199.95
Sinclair QL’
BEST BUY
DUAL 3" DISK DRIVES
ONL Y $249.95 11
These top quality dual disk
drive units have their own power
Supply and fan built-in, and
very attractively encased. Now,
cut your data storage costs by
more than half. These drives
are single sided, double density
drives and format out at 180K
per side - with just two disks,
you'll have data storage capa-
bilities of 720K - and the
convienience of having two
drives available at your
command. INCLUDES: CABLE AND
CONNECTORS AND QL DISK DRIVE
INTERFACE, AND ALL FOUR OF THE
QL PSION PROGRAMS ARE ALREADY
PUT ONTO TWO DISKS FOR YOU.
ITEM# 1210 $249.95
3" DISKS (for above)
Hard plastic encased top grade
3" disks. Nice sliding metalic
disk protector, and write pro-
tect locks for each side.
ITEM# 1211
(BOX OF 10) ITEM# 1212
$ 4.50
$40.25
QL COMPUTER -
With power supply, manual,
dual microdrives, Data-base,
Wordprocessor, Spreadsheet,
and Business Graphics programs
g209.95 |
Item #1140
GUIDE TO TIME OESIGNS BACK ISSVES
COMPILED BY PAUL BINGHAM
Time Designs Nov/Dec ‘84 Vol 1, No. 1
TS2050 Modem announced, Spectrum Emulator announced,
U.S.A. @L released, 2068 Tech Manual released,
Recoton Cassettes, "Rise & Fall if Timex Computer
Corp.", 2068 Software Directory, Portable TS
project, BASIC languages, 2048 Music I, 2048 Tasword
II review
Time Designs Jan/Feb ‘85 Vol 1, No. 2
MT Sprit Printer (TS2080), Comparing Data Base
Services, TS Modems, 2068 MTERM II review, TS1000
& 2068 Screen storage prorm, 2068 "Ant Attack"
review, ROMSWITCH review, Static Discharge Bracelet,
2058 BREAKing and SAVE, 2068 "Great Game/Graphics
Show" review, 2068 "Compass" compiler review, 2068
“Straits of Hormuz"&"Exec Clue" review
Time Designs Mar/Apr ‘85 Vol 1, No. &
Timex & Dave Higginbottom, TS User Group Directory,
2068 Text Entry/recall in M.C., TS1000 DATA/READ,
2968 House Payment prgrm, TS1000 "Basload" & "Super-
tape" reviews, Guidelines on Over-seas Ordering,
2068 Z-LINK I/F review, 2048 OMNI-EMU review, Spctrm
"White Lightning", “Lords of Midnight" & “BRAxx
BLUFF" reviews
Time Designs May/Jun ‘85 Vol 1, No. 4
User Group Update, Oliger/Kingsley Disk I/F
announced, TS2068 returning via Portugal, TS1000
“Intro to Computer Control", 2068 M.C. joystick
routine, 2068 Graphics Problem, TV to Monitor kit,
Tasword II Tips, 2068 Pro/File review, 2048 "Bill‘s
Coupon Magic" & "Dealer's Den" reviews, Damco’s
Spectrum Wafadrive review
Time Designs Jul/Aug ‘85 Vol 1, No. 5
Timex Network, Softaid hunger relief, Users Group
Update, 2068 Graphics, 2068 Tic-Tac-Toe prorm,
TS 1000/2068 Alphabetizer prgqrm, TS1000 Set RAMTOP,
TS1000 8K upgrade & Bank Switching reviews, Aerco
FD-68 2068 Disk I/F review, 2068 Zebra-Talker
review, 2068 "Night Gunner"&"Grade Book" & Spectrum
"Deus ex Machina","Pajamarama" & "Sherlock" reviews
- a
‘i
‘
4
4
|
ia
im |
4
1
rth.
ae
-
Time Designs Sept/Oct ‘85 VYol 1, No. 6
Portugal 2068 Update, 1TS1000/2068 Pablo Pixel-o
HIRES Graphics prorm, TS1000 Adventure in the RAM
Jungle, TS1500 Monitor Adaptor, 2048 Zebra Graphics
Tablet review, 2068 Zip Compiler review, Book review
“Minute Manual for Dot Matrix Printers", User Group
Update, Damco Spectrum Emulator, Spectrum “American
Football" review
Time Designs Nov/Dec ‘85 Vol 2, No. 1
U.S. QOL reduced to #299,
Sinclair TV review, User
Guide to Halley's Comet, 2068 "Shuttle
review, TS1000 Adventure in RAM II, TS1000 Interest
praorm, FD-68 Disk I/F review II, Zebra 2068 Disk
Drive review, 2068 Obsticle Run prorm, 2068 ZPRINT-
BO review, 2068 VIEWord/MAIList/FORMail review,
spectrum D‘KTronics Speech Synthesizer review
128K Spectrum
Group Update,
released,
£068 Gazer'‘s
Designer"
Time Designs Jan/Feb ‘86 Vol 2, No. 2
"Why The QL?7", TS1000 Adventures in RAM III, TS1000
Chroma-Soft review, 2068 Shell Game prorm, Linear
Programming for TS user, 2068 "Turbos" engine praorm,
Radio Shack Mouse & Zebra 2068 Graphics Tablet,
2068
Wrap
Disk
"lollipops" prorm, Gamesmate fix, Joystick
Around prorm, 2068 Labelmaker prorm, Portuguese
Drive for 2068, 2048 Machine Code Tutor review,
2068 05-44 review, 20668 Rainbow Plus emulator
review, Spectrum "Astronomer" review
Time Designs Mar/Apr ‘864 Vol 2, No. 3S
Frogramming in QL SuperBASIC, QL "Graphi@QL" review,
"Of Strings and Things" TS1000, ZBO Machine Code I,
2966 Tasprint & Aerco printer I/F, 20468 Phone #
prorm, Convert WC2050 Modem to RS-2232 I/F, How to
connect with BBS, 2068 Burglar Alarm, HI Res/64 col
utility 2068, Oliger 2068 Disk I/F review, 2068
"ARTIST" review, Top-10 2068/Spectrum prorms, Mini
amp for Spectrum SW
A a
VOL Pou
(ine
DaiCny
maf soo
Time Designs May/June “86
Five TS1000 tips, Printer tips, improve Zebra
Graphics Tablet, NEWS: Amstrad Buys Sinclair, TS
Computerfest Report, User Group Update, 640K OL
upgrade, QOL "Qspell" review, TS1000 Consentration
game, TS1000 progrm chaining I, Z80 Mchn Code II,
2068 Cassette Directory prorm, 2068 header reading
w/ Mchn Code, 2068 Cavern game, Moving an AROS
cartridge to FD-68, Adding a Spectrum/2068 joystick,
More on Oliger Disk I/F, 2048 Pro/File Extentions
review, 2068 "Address Book" review
Vol 2, No. 4
Time Designs July/Aug ‘84 Vol 2, No. 53
Sinclair Micro Update, Meet the OL Clones,
Time Designs Acquires 5.U.M., @L Game reviews:
(Matchpoint, Chess, War in the East, Wanderer,
Squadrons & Hyperdrive), QL "Cosmos" review, TS1000
External Keyboard Buffer, TS1000 Digital Clock,
TS1000 prgrm chaining II, 780 Mcehn Code III, 2068
Bankswitching “Missing 253", Embellishing 2068 MTERM
Il, 2068 Ultra-Easy Designer Graphics, 2048 "Poly-
scroll" prorm, 2068 Video file prorm, Datagen 2068
DATA statement prarm, 2068 Ski game, 2068 Tasword
Word Count addition, 2068 "MacIntosh" Menu, 2068
Sound Synthesizer review, Spectrum "Saboteur"review,
2068 "Colonize the Universe" review
Time Designs
Sept/Oct
Sir Clive’s Confessions, User Group Update, "Light
Vol 2, No.6
Show 2000" 2068 prgrm, 2068 Pixel Sketch & Graphics
Editor review, 2068 Timachine Compiler review,
Larken TS1000 Disk I/F review, TS1000 7X-CALC +
R.F.R.G. review, 2068 Bank switching: more about
missing 253, 2068 3-D Tic-Tac-Toe prgrm, GL Peintre
review, QL,s U.S.A. future, QL Graphic/CAD Systems
review, ZBO Mchn Code IV, TS1000 Pragrm Chaining III,
Upgrading TS10146 RAM to 64K
SOFTWARE IN REVIEW
SMART TEXT TS-2068
A warm grin began to pass over my face late last
night. In my mind's eye I could see a little light bulb
beginning to glow dimly in the cartoon balloon above my
head.
I was curled up with a good book, uh manual. After
my second reading of this thirty page treatise and three
sessions with the two hour electronic introduction to
the program, the concepts by which it functioned were
finally beginning to fall into place. I was becoming a
cursor instead of a curser.
"SMART TEXT TS-2068" is Bill Jones' effort to
create an AppleWorks environment for your TS-2068. The
package includes a text editor and manager integrated
with a small mailing list routine. Other convenient
features are printer formatting for a variety of utili-
tarian purposes and in a variety of type styles.
The $39.95 price tag makes SMART TEXT one of the more
expensive programs available for the 2068. The pro-
gramming and memory saving tricks alone seem to justify
the cost. In addition to some valuable techniques in
data management, you can also perform some useful tasks
with SMART TEXT.
Of the programming tricks mentioned, three are
Significant. The first is the routine that manages text
entry. The character code of the keystroke is checked
for validity. This approach is preferable to use of the
INKEYS function. It allows, from BASIC, a typing speed
of 100 words per minute, according to the manual. Read
this as you would a mileage claim on a car window
sticker.
SMART TEXT makes extensive use of memory saving
techniques we learned in our TS 1000 days. Two old
standards are employed by SMART TEXT to include within
the software as many functions as possible while still
retaining enough memory for a decent amount of text
storage.
One of these is the use of letter variables to
represent often used numbers, including program line
numbers. "Pseudo Hex" is a term coined by Bill Jones to
refer to his assigning of the variables oo, oa, ob, ect.
to represent the numbers 0, 1, 2, ect. Another memory
saver is the use of logical operators in long single
program lines to replace the need for many lines to act
on menu choices. Bill calls the technique "Dense Pack
BASIC".
SMART TEXT functions are many, varied, and utili-
tarian. This software appears to have been developed by
a "user", first for himself, and now for others. There
are so many choices not offered in other word processors
that it will take the new user a good number of hours to
appreciate the alternatives presented by this text
editor and manager.
The first and most basic function is typing. Like
other word processors, SMART TEXT allows you to delete
mistakes and to retype. You can also insert new text be-
tween already typed words. Entire blocks of text can be
10
deleted and inserted. Additional text can be appended to
the original, and the whole text file can be saved.
Pretty standard stuff.
Unlike other word processors I have seen, SMART
TEXT allows you to print what you have just typed with-
out having to make a lot of decisions about how the
printer should format the output. The text you've en-
tered is quickly printed perfectly centered on the page
in any print style but without any embedded printer
commands.
The secret to this "smart typewriter" mode is the
fact that you have already spent some time explaining to
SMART TEXT the various commands your printer requires to
enable and disable any special modes or pitches.
Program lines must be revised, within the guide-
lines of the Oliger protocol, to set up your printer's
various capabilities. I altered the review copy to re-
flect the pica, elite, condensed, and proportional
pitches available on my Prowriter as well as its bold
print and double width modes,
SMART TEXT automatically calculates the maximum
length of a text line in the selected pitch or mode. It
asks you what length line you want to print. Then it
calculates the correct margins and adjusts accordingly.
One of the reasons my hair is grey is the time I've
spent calculating margins for center printing different
print pitches and widths. Embedded commands that are
counted in some word processors and not counted in
others have driven me to considerable distraction. No
longer.
In addition to printing text centered on the page,
SMART TEXT provides the capabilities of center printing
captions and letter heads, flush left printing of
addresses and salutations for business-like letters, and
automatic formatting and printing of the signature block
of a letter.
Printing form letters to different people is accom-
plished by the integration -of a small mailing list.
Twenty-four records can be added, displayed, corrected,
deleted, and saved.
Mailing labels or form feed envelopes can be
printed. The mailing list is also used to "personalize"
form letters with the first name of the recipient. A
comma should be appended to the first name field, since
the software does not include it.
In addition to letter formatting, SMART TEXT TS-
2068 assists with the printing of manuscripts, documents
other than letters. The document can be printed with
justified or non-justified right margins, with the first
line of each paragraph indented or with the entire
paragraph in block form, and with entire paragraphs
block indented with properly adjusted margins.
The key to the preparation of manuscripts is the
concept of the paragraph. SMART TEXT is set up to store
discrete paragraphs in separate elements of two string
arrays. It can alternately be organized to store con-
tinuous text in three large strings. When one string is
filled, the text automatically moves into the next con-
secutive string.
Discrete paragraphs are stored in the HS and IS
arrays. The dimension of the elements in the arrays is
user slected. The maximum is about 850 characters each.
Ideally the text stored in these paragraphs has already
been edited and does not need to be changed.
Continuous text is stored in the A, B, and C
"banks". Any of these banks can be reviewed and edited
via menu selections. The user can selectively copy a
portion of one of these banks to another string (LS),
called "The Paragraph".
This storage area can be altered or appended fore
and aft. These editing functions can occur even if you
are currently entering new text into the typing buffer
(US).
Prior to any editing action, any text that may be
currently in the typing buffer is temporarily "set
aside" into and S$ storage area. The text to be edited
is then placed into the typing buffer for viewing or
alteration. When the editing is completed, all the text
is automatically restored to its former position.
When all your text has been edited and ready for
printing, you have a veritable plethora of printing
sequences from which to choose. The text may have been
stored in up to twenty different positions. User alter-
able program lines determine which text is printed and
in which order.
Repeat printing functions take care of the number
of copies and the page formatting. Fifty-four lines are
printed per page, the pages are automatically numbered,
MUSICIAN ROYAL
MUSICIAN ROYAL is one of the most recent programs
released for the 2068. Written by Dr. Oleg D. Jefimenko
and sold by Electret Scientific Company, it proves to be
one of the more comprehensive music programs available.
One of the most useful features of the program is
the ability to transcribe already written music into the
computer and have it play it back to you using the
BEEP command. Even though only one voice is available,
the control over the parameters makes up for it.
The play options allow you to change the key in
which the composition is played, the tempo can be
changed as well as the order in which the song(s) can be
played. The editing features allow you to change any
possible errors.
The tape comes with three programs as well as a
demo program with six compositions already transcribed
and ready to play. The first program is the actual
transcribing program where you are greeted by a screen
that asks you for the name of your composition and the
number of sharps or flats contained in your selection.
You are then greeted with a musical staff with notes and
their respective pitch (several octaves worth) graph-
ically pictured on the screen. A prompt with several
different menu choices are also displayed. You enter the
notes one at a time adding the inflections (sharp, flat
or natural) as needed. The treble clef is displayed but
you can change it up or down an octave and also the same
can be done with the bass clef.
Next you enter the value of the note for the time
Signature (whole, half, quarter note, ect.). At the end
of each measure, you can enter a Q which is an aid when
going back and editing. A duplicate function is also
available when you have two groups of notes that are in
the same order which really saves some typing. Entering
Z allows you to correct your last entry.
With a printer (TS 2040) attached, the information
is printed as it is entered so as to see where you are
and to make it easy when looking for entry errors. Once
the transcribing is completed, you have the option of
pie |
and form feeds are sent at the appropriate times.
make yourself a cup of coffee.
My Aerco Disk version of SMART TEXT makes excellent
use of those areas of DOS which have been implemented
and works around those that have not. A lengthy tutorial
is included.
The tutorial is filled with bells and whistles that
tended to get on my nerves after a while. A list of the
clever graphics and sounds is provided by. the tutorial
to serve a reference for the use of these techniques in
your own programming.
The tutorial and the software are both tributes to
the fact that the BASIC syntax checker of our Timex
Sinclair computer will not forgive misspellings and
grammatical errors except in "Print" statements. This
untidiness detracts from the cosmetic appearance of the
software, although it does not affect its usefulness.
SMART TEXT is available for cassette users in both
32 column and OS-64 versions. A&J Micro Drive, Aerco
Disk, and Oliger Disk versions are also available.
Aerco, A&J, Tasman, and Oliger printer interfaces are
supported. Specify version.
SMART TEXT is $39.95 and is available from Bill
Jones, Gulf Micro Electronics, 1317 Stratford Ave.,
Panama City, FL 32404. Bill welcomes your comments and
questions. Call him after 6 pm local time at (904) 9871-
4513. You'll enjoy the experience.
Go
-—-Duncan Teague
playing, SAVEing, LPRINTing, or editing. You
play as written, or in any order you wish,
ually repeat itself.
The manual is very well written and leads you
through the program carefully. The second chapter is de-
voted to those with very little background in music. It
gives you a crash course in music notation and what all
"all them little symbols mean".
The second program on the tape is called MUSIC BOX
and it allows you to take the music transcribed in
MUSICIAN ROYAL and collect them. Each MUSIC BOX that you
make can hold up to 8 compositions with up to 1500 notes
(total) in the first seven and 1500 notes in the eighth
composition. MUSIC BOX is easily filled by loading in
data saved from MUSICIAN ROYAL. A table of contents
helps you keep track of what is stored already.
MUSIC ALBUM is called the “ultimate procram" for
collecting and playing compositions transcribed in
MUSICIAN ROYAL. It can hold up to 2000 notes total in 8
compositions. You have the most control over the tonal-
ity of each composition. You can have the slections play
in any order, control the tempo, and control the dur-
ation of the pauses between compositions.
have it
can
or contin-
The programs all have certain safeguards built in,
but are all easy to convert to mass storage such as disk
drives. Large printer drivers are also easily added.
All in all, the program is very professionally done
from the packaging to the 75 page manual which comes
with it. I had no problem loading the tape and my order
was delivered within three weeks of placing the order by
letter.
Needless to say, I was disappointed that it only
used the BEEP command. I remember that I was so excited
when I saw the ad and ordered it thinking "Great! A
decent looking SOUND program has finally been written
for the 2068". At least I assumed it used SOUND. Because
SPRITES 2068
Sprites, for those of you unfamiliar with them, are
very simply User Defined Graphics (UDG's) which are
capable of moving about the screen. Aside from movement,
one large difference from regular UDG's is that sprites
are normally larger than a single character space. A
good example of a sprite, is the ghouls and goblins that
appear on the screen of most arcade games.
SPRITES 2068 is a sprite development and handler
package. Those of you that have the TDM Technical Manual
will note that there is an appendix, number C-5, devoted
to this subject. This program is none other than this
same code.
SPRITES 2068 co-authors Tidwell and Ruegg have "de-
bugged" the Timex sprite package code. This was no small
task as I had tackled this myself and found many "bugs".
They have also enhanced the original package with the
addition of an automatic RAMTOP setter and additional
screen attribute capabilities.
Having the Timex sprite service code is of no use
however, if you cannot interface a program with it.
Therein lies the true value in this package as Tidwell
and Ruegg have prepared a comprehensive manual and a
very mice Basic program to demonstrate the sprite
packages' abilities. The user manual is clear and easy
to understand. They have assumed you know nothing on the
subject, yet, have not "talked down" to the advanced
programmer.
Authors, Tidwell and Ruegg have included in the
manual, a section on machine code interfacing. This
section is the poorest part of the manual, but if you
can write machine code programs, you will not suffer for
it. They have thoughtfully listed all of the variables
and a memory map, and of course...you already have your
own copy of the Technical Manual to go by.
And as if all of that were not enough, there is
also a very nice UDG development tool included with the
Basic demo program. This could be used alone to aid in
the addition of UDG's to your programs. It allows the
Gesign of each UDG in enlarged format and then displays
the UDG in normal size, as it would appear on your
screen. It will also display a group of UDG's, 8 across
by 8 down, to view your sprite (or a portion of it) as
it will appear.
SPRITES 2068 will allow up to 256 sprites, each one
up to 256 by 256 characters. In practice however, you
will find the constraints of memory size will not allow
for this. The invisible wall, RAMTOP, will not interfere
with your use of sprites, as there is enough memory in
the 2068 for most all the sprites you will want to use.
The smallest sprite possible is one character space
(8 by 8 pixels), due to the use of the UDG's as designed
by Timex. This means that your sprites will require some
thought as you can only use two colors in each character
space. Also, movement of the sprites can appear “blinky"
if there is too much going on in your program.
There are vertical and horizontal screen scrolls in
SPRITES 2068, however, they too use the character space
le
of this, I think the $20 price tag is a bit steep. It
would be well worth it if it used SOUND with all of the
features it contains. Hopefully Dr. Jefimenko will come
out with a sequel using all four voices.
The program is available from Electret Scientific
Company, PO Box 4132, Star City, WV 26505 for $20. If
you would like a sample of what you can expect, (a nice
courtesy) they will send you the DEMO ALBUM for $3 which
will be subtracted from the $20 if you do decide to
order the whole program.
——Joe Williamson
An animated sprite display
from the demo program
of SPRITES 2068.
as the smallest unit of measure. They can be combined to
create a scroll in eight different directions. The
scrolls, as well as the sprites should really be ad-
dressed on a pixel-by-pixel basis. However, it appears
that Timex never intended us to have that kind of con-
trol from the "normal" video mode.
SPRITES 2068 is a crude sprite package BUT it is
the ONLY one available for the Timex Sinclair 2068. If
you are accustomed to the graphics abilities of other
computers, such as Commodore or Atari machines, you
might be a little disappointed. Keep in mind, however,
that those computers were initially designed to play
games and therefore, have sprite capabilities as part of
their operating systems.
I found SPRITES 2068 to be an excellent "starter"
package. If you want to include sprites in your own
programs, you will find this utility very easy to use. I
would suggest that you do follow the user manual's
suggestion of programming in small blocks, as you must
be very careful to maintain control over what is happen-
ing on the screen. This control is needed due to SPRITES
2068 use of the Attr-P system variables instead of
Attr-T. With some careful planning, you will be amazed
at the results you can accomplish.
Tidwell and Ruegg deserve a big hand for their
thorough treatment of sprites. They have taken the Timex
sprite routines and explained them to us in laymans
terms.
Price for the SPRITES 2068 development package on
cassette, complete with a comprehensive 34 page manual,
and an educational (and entertaining) demo program, is
$19 ppd. It is available directly from the authors (Vern
Tidwell- 1303 Whitehead St., Key West, FL 33040 or Ron
Ruegg- 37529 Perkins Road, Prairieville, LA 70769) and
some Timex dealers handle it also.
-—-Syd Wyncoop
LARKEN |
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Controller Boards for 2POEE
Feotures Common to Both
- LDOS on Eprom supports Basic Programs, Code blocks and Arrays
- Commands sre-DIRECTORY LOAD, SAVE,FORMAT, DELETE and EXIT
- Up to 52 files per disk - Directory is DOS maintained
- Coan be modified to work on either computer (eprom and cable req)
- The most Powerful DOS for the ZX-81 : Very User Friendly
- 2066 version is Spectrum Emulator Compatible: Extra commands
- Requires double sided 5.25" drive 60 day money back guarantee
Prices: $95.00(US) for single dive $99.00 for | or? drives
$400 for drove cable (all other cables included)
include $5.00 shipping : Send certified cheque or MO.
To - LARKEN ELECTRONICS
RR#? NAVAN ONTARIO
CANADA E4B-1H9
(specify 2X-B81 or 2068)
For wrour 2x81 /TS
KALEIDOSCOPE
A Superior Version Of This
“Dildo Standara™
16005 And 15800
By feck Xewier Haqueér
Many "Kaleidoscope" programs have appeared over the
years. These simple, but fascinating graphics displays
have been adapted to virtually every computer ever
built. The ZX81/TS family is no exception. Unfortun-
ately, since the Z80 CPU in these machines is (effec-
tively) clocked at only .5 mHZ in SLOW mode, the result
is rather slow and BO-RING. Type in the program Listing
#1 (BASIC prototype), and you'll see what I mean.
Now, let's take essentially the same program and
write it in Z80 machine code. For a graphic demonstra-
tion (pun intended) of the speed and compactness of code
»+.-Start by entering a 1 REM line, followed by 172 X's
or other character. (HINT: use FAST mode.) Now enter the
rest of Listing #2 (machine code loader). RUN the pro-
gram, and input the values given in Table #1 (decimal
machine code). Go from left to right, top to bottom.
Take your time, and proof each number before you enter
it.
When you're done, your 1 REM line will look like
sheer nonsense. Don't worry about that; just check it
against the 1 REM in listing #3 to make sure it's the
same. Enter lines 2-6 of Listing #3, overwriting the
loader. Delete lines 7 and 8. SAVE to tape with RUN 5.
The program will auto-run when the save is finished.
WOW! Press BREAK when you're adequately hypnotized.
Line 2 contains the fill characters used for the
display. Change this however you see fit: there is no
limit on length. HINT: use symmetrical characters, like
O, *, =, +, the grey squares, spaces, and their in-
verses,
This will run on 2k machines if you modify the
BASIC portion as shown in listing #4 (2k changes). This
is because this program relies on a fully padded-out
display file.
If you're interested in studying the machine code,
use a disassembler or HOT Z to take a look at the code.
As mentioned, it pretty much follows the structure of
the BASIC prototype, so you should have little trouble
finding your way around. the code from 408Fh to 49B4h
gets pseudo-random numbers in B and C. Next are two ways
of implementing a modulo function. At 40B5, C is reduced
mod 16 (exact power of 2), and at 40BD B is reduced mod
12 (mot a power of two). The CALLs to 40F6, 40FB, 4100,
4105 and 410A correspond with the BASIC GOSUBs to 250,
300, 350, 400 and 1000, respectively. The routine at
410A is a “print at BC" routine which is MUCH faster
than the comparable ROM call to O8F5 followed by RST
10h. It prints the character pointed to by CH ADD at row
B, column C. NOTE: it does NOT check for over-range.
The next time some smart-aleck ribs you about your
"slow" ZX/TS, boot this program and watch his jaw sag.
Isn't this fun?
LISTING 3: M/C KALEIDOSCOPE
1 REM JNINKEYS$<¢, RETURN
A487 -RND)I? GOSUB ?MRND™?7LN e<
FAST ?77LN =iAT Tek" « 77HRK® O7FEHR
ND?7ACS Tacs Tacs TACS Teresi
IF 7TVUAL LN PLOT RNDLN INKEY4SLN
“INKEY $AT VAL LN PLOT RNDLN § INK
EYS$LN “INKEYSAT VAL LN CLS RNODLN
INKEYS$SLN “INKEYSAT LN CLS RNDL
BINKEYSLN “INKEYSLN 77 AN Y¥¢
OOTAN ¥ (BBY RAND Y2SBCTAN Yf™iy RAN
D E£LRND7VVAL : ACS SACS ;ACS SACS
;ACS SACS ;eAT 72 7m GOSUB 7-R
ND,ACS 3 Ae
SLoU
RAND USR 16514
SAVE “KSCOPE”
RUN
nue wn
13
LISTING 1: BASIC Prototype
10BLET Fs="i Saye
20 POKE 16418.0
30 LET POINT=0 _
40 LET POINT=POINT41 |
SQ IF POINT>LEN F§ THEN GOTO 3
60 LET AS=FS (POINT)
70 LET B=INT (RND#12)
S60 LET C=INT (RND#16)
90 GOSUB 250
100 GOSUB 3590
110 GOSUB 1809
120 GOSUB 250
13Q@ GOSUB 489
on
1010 RETURN
LISTING 2: Machine-code Loader
1 REM XXXXXXMMMMXMRRMK RRM MERE
KM MMMM MMMM RM MM ME KM KK KOK
x MXM XMM MK MMM MM MMR MMM MRK MMMM KM
KM KAKA KKK KK A KKK KAKA ARK AKA KKK KKK
XMM MMMM MRM MMMM MMMM RMR KKK
XK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK
FAST
FOR A=16514 TO 16665
| L
E A,6
PRINT A, PEEK A
NEXT A
ayaaFoN x
te |
Iz
a
Ce
a
~ ©
TABLE 1: Machine-code Decimal Data
af: oa: 683: if: fei e Bias 40;
2e47:237: 83: @2: 64: 17: : a:
237: 735: 53@: 64: =: 98 104 205:
9: 19:229: 98:105:205 19:
193:124:129: 468: : 4:103:125:
144 46 1 or:i111: 43 od 50:
64 69 *6:203: S7:203 S7:203:
S7:203: S7 6: 12:184: 56 i
ddd: 24:2590: 71:197:205:246: 64:
205 ©: 65:205: 10: 65:193: 197:
205:246: 64:e205: 5: 65:205: 16:
65:193:197:205:251: 64:205 Q:
65:205: 18a 5:193:205:251: 64:
205 S: 65:205: 10: 65:205: 720:
15 S6:i44:201 62 16:i29 79:
201: 62: 16:145: 24:249: 62: 12:
128: 71:201: 62: 12:144: 24:249:
42 12 64 wo:i197 14 @:203:
56:203: 25:203: 5S6:203: 25:203:
56:203: 25 9:193:120:129 6:
7 23/7: Si: 22: 64: 26:
LISTING 4: 2K Changes
3 SLOU
4 POKE 16418,
= FoR a=o TS 23
5 PRINT AT A,31;" "
7 NEXT A
3 POKE 16418,2
3 RAND USR 16514
18 SAVE “KSCGPE2K”
11 RUN
| VERN TIDWELL OR RON RUEGG
SPRITES 2068
FANTASTIC NEW PROGRAM! Exciting & Educational
You’ve heard of SPRITES. Explore the subject.
Create Moving Displays and Games. Buy a copy
for your TS-2068, they belong together.
FEATURES:
SPRITE SERVICE UTILITY (2520 Bytes IMPROVED
professionally written machine code)
SPRITEDRAW Program (Great NEW program makes |
drawing a SPRITE both fun and easy)
Operate from BASIC (Utilizes a Machine Code
Interface. Twelve SPRITE Commands)
Operate from Machine Language (VERY QUICK
Screen Action! Bonus MCSPRITES program)
Cassette Tape (Includes demonstrations and
instructions. Menu driven. Fun to watch)
Manual (34 pages written in "user friendly”
style for all programmers)
Authors INTRODUCTORY SPECIAL Includes Postage |
| To ORDER: Send Check or Money Order $19.00 To
1303 Whitehead St. 37529 Perkins Road
| Key West, FL 33040 Prairieville, LA 70769 }¥
"Il heave seen SPRITES 2066. I Have read it and |] heave tested it;
and I cannot say enough good about it If I had to sum it all |
up, I'd sey that if you HAVE sa TS-2066, SPRITES 20668." If
Uneolicited Testisonial ' r*
79
C. W. Associates
419 N. Johnson Street
Ada, Ohio 45810
Ne
s ~s = —
ee et i
ets Ses2=D
ib = v ba —
~—s— :
o's? -- @'@, 2 — ~~ =
SOE es
Sh SE
+.
=1,1
—_
authorized Sinclair QL dealer
SEND FOR OUR FREE CATALOG!
Write or Call:
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Presents the 26,8
CHECK EPOOK /BUDGET Master
The CHECKBOOK/BUDGET MASTER is a checkbook database program and
8 powerful home or business budget analysis progrem in one
compact/lightning Fast program. CBBN was written in BASIC and
compiled with the TIMACHINE Cby Novelsoft) Basic Compiler!
Program Specification:
Datebeses holds 600 checks (withdrawl or deposits)
Check Receall/Review by: Check Number, Month, Paid To
Functions: REVIEW, LPRINT, DELETE, SUBTOTAL ¢+ or -)
Budget Analysis: 14% User Defined Categories + 2
Ceach category has 4 sliases)
Assign 3 Budget to each category (for each month)
Automatically tallies EXPENDITURES as checks are filed
end INCOME es deposits are Filed!
Update feature: change categories at any time, use the
UPDATE command to re-catalog checkbook Files
OUTPUT: Tabulec or Graphic format
2040 printer or essy Full size printer mod.
Budget
Darina Cetagariana
Sonat st Busgtres
ef
, Silaectirie
Renta Grant Budget
a
For a practical demonstration of a chained program,
using the Above RAMTOP method of passing data from one
module to another, I have chosen one consisting of three
modules. A module to set RAMTOP ("RT"), a text entry
module ("TE"), and a text LPRINT module ("PRT"). The
program will allow you to enter, store above RAMTOP and
print out a set of lines consisting of 32 characters per
line. The number of lines in a set is available as
follows? veer Ran LINES PER SET
ne Ai
meee 489
nol 1001
48K i513
With a full 64k memory, the 8k area between the ROM and
the system variables area is available and the program
could be modified to store an additional 256 lines per
set.
In addition to the computer, a tape recorder, and a
TS2040 or equivalent 32 column printer, you will need
two tapes. Optionally, one of these can be a_ telephone
answering machine message cassette tape--either 60 sec.
(RS #43-406) or 3 min. (RS #43-407)-—-price: $4.95 each.
These are both endless loop tapes. If you plan on adding
more modules to the program, then purchase the 3 minute
tape. I have not found a supplier for a longer endless
tape.
Figure No.1 is the program listing for the "RT"
module that sets RAMTOP to address 17096. Line lis set
up to receive a four byte machine code routine to be
POKEd by lines 14] to 144, which are then deleted. Line
10 makes the module self running when the program is re-
corded with the direct command: GOTO 10. Line 20 pre-
vents a TV interupt from occuring during the execution
of the program. Lines 30 and 40 POKE the desired address
of RAMTOP into the system variable RAMTOP. Lines 50 thru
80 POKE the four addresses under the desired address of
RAMTOP with the decimal values that must normally be
there (except after a GOSUB and before a RETURN) for the
computer to operate properly. Lines 90 and 100 POKE the
system variable ERR_ SP with the address in line 80
(i.e.; the addresses of the first item on the new
Machine Stack). Line 110 calls the machine code routine
that is POKEd into the REM statement (Line 1) by lines
141 to 144. Line 120 in conjunction with 140 activates
the actual resetting of RAMTOP to the desired address.
Line 130 automatically loads the next self running
module if the tape is not stopped. Unfortunately, there
is no provision in Sinclair BASIC by which you can
directly address any of the Z80 internal registers. You
must resort to machine code and the USR_ function.
Looking on the left side of page 138 in the TS 1000 or
page 142 in the TS 1500 User Manuals, you will find that
15
the Z80 assembler language mnemonic corresponding to the
decimal value 49 in line 141 is ld sp,NN. This means
load the machine stack pointer registers S and P with
the address represented by the values stored in the next
two addresses (low byte then high byte). In this case
the values 196 and 66 POKEd into addresses 16515 and
16516 by lines 142 and 143. Locating decimal code 201 in
the same appendix, you will find that it stands for ret
(return). In this case, this returns you to the next
line of the BASIC program after the USR function. I hope
you noticed that I did not need to use the word hexa-
decimal until now. Dr. Ian Logan, the leading authority
on the Sinclair ZX, T1TS1000/1500, and Spectrum ROM,
states in his book, UNDERSTANDING YOUR 2ZX8l: "The
principal behind Hex coding is once again very simple,
but it takes a very long time to become fluent in its
use, and even programmers of some years experience still
have trouble". Because of the interference with the ex-
isting GOSUB and machine stacks, RAMTOP must be moved
down a minimum of sixty addresses or up a least two
addresses using this routine.
Figure No.2 is the listing for the text entry
("TE") module. The program is designed to use as little
display as posssible, in order to be able to store more
text. Top Down programming was not used in order to
locate the text entry loop at the front of the program,
adding to the entry speed of text. For the same reason,
some memory saving techniques are not used in some
places of lines 20 through 80. The dimension for TS and
the value of the variable B, are to be entered by direct
commands prior to recording the program. The STOP in
line 30 is typed using the shifted A key.
Figure No.3 is the listing for the LPRINT module
("PRT"). The programming is fairly straightforward. The
dimension for AS and the value for the variable B are to
be entered by direct commands before recording the
module.
As each of the modules will fit in lk of RAM, in
order to save both loading time and tape, set RAMTOP to
17408 before typing in each module. To do this’ enter:
POKE 16388,0
POKE 163897,68
NEW
I advise using a regular tape as a master, recording
each module with the normal SAVE command before re-
cording it on an operating tape using the GOTO command.
Those who elected to use an endless tape as their op-
erating must locate the place where the ends of the tape
are spliced with a yellow strip. Never try to rewind an
endless tape. The are designed to operate in one direc-
tion only. Be sure you turn the sprocket in the correct
direction when locating the yellow splice. After lo-
cating the splice, make an audio recording, using the
built-in mic, of one word only, such as "“start" or
"one". This will make it easy to locate the splice again
should you need to re-record the program. The three
modules will just fit on a one minute endless tape with-
out much to spare.
Set RAMTOP to 17408 with the commands given above.
Type in the listing of Figure No.l. After checking the
program against the listing, record it on the master
tape using SAVE "RT". Now use the command GOTO 141 which
Will poke the machine code into the REM statement.
Delete lines 141 to 144. Record the second version of
the module on the master tape using the SAVE command.
Without rewinding, remove the master tape from the re-
corder, replacing it with the operating tape and re-
cording the module using the command GOTO 10. When the
diagonal LOAD command lines appear on the screen, stop
the tape. Without rewinding, remove the operating tape,
replacing it with the master.
Again set RAMTOP to 17408. Type in the listing of
Figure No.2. Check the program against the listing.
Enter the direct commands:
DIM T$(32)
LET B= (as listed below)
User RAM B
2K RAM 18409
16K RAM a2745
uzkK RAM 49129
48K RAM 65513
Record this module on the master tape using SAVE "TE",
then on the operating tape using GOTO 140. When STOP THE
TAPE appears on the screen then stop the tape. Replace
the operating tape with the master tape.
As the TE module does not change RAMTOP, you can
clear the program using NEW. Type in the listing in Fig-
ure No. 3 for the "PRT" module. After checking for
typing errors, enter the direct commands:
DIM A$(1)
LET B=(as listed above).
Those using endless tape, replace REWIND TAPE in line
100 with spaces. Save this module on the master tape
using SAVE "PRT" then on the operating tape using GOTO
10. When STOP TAPE appears on the screen, then stop. the
tape.
INPUT TS
FOR N=il TO
REM 1234 fee
hd
- =
180
33 ANY
110 PAUSE VAL
“2
“6
"6
"2
"6
“3
“s
“6
ies =
= Go
P TAPE
160 PAUSE VAL
ER TEXT”
160 LET A=VAL
1988 GOTO VAL
POKE 16517,.201
FIGURE NO. 1
Understanding And Upgrading
2.
=" STOP “
POKE A,CODE Tsini
LET A=A¢1
IF - i =B THEN GOTO VAL “Se”
er’
WAL
AT SIN PI, ‘SIN Pi;,”
KEY THEN START THRE”
“32768"
15a PRINT AT SIN PI,S5IN PI; "
"120"
170 PRINT AT SIN PI,SIN PI;
“i7es?"
t | 18”
FIGURE NO.
To operate the program, turn off the computer and
then power up. Those not using endless tape must rewind
the operating tape. Enter the direct command: LOAD "RT".
Then start the tape. When the second module has loaded
and STOP TAPE appears on the screen, stop the tape. When
the cursor appears on the screen you can start typing in
text. The left hand quote symbol marks the end of a 32
character line. After checking the text, use the enter
key. Corrections must be made before the enter key is
pressed. Spaces to fill out a line need not be typed.
Any characters over 32 will be dropped. To stop text
entry use the shifted STOP on the A key as the first
entry of the next line. Follow the directions on the
screen to load the LPRINT module. After the text is
printed you have the option of printing another copy or
reloading the text entry module to enter a new set of
text.
In the CONCLUSION of this series, I will cover how
the values for RAMTOP and for the variable B were de-
termined.
10 SAVE “PRT”
rT AT SIN PI,SIN
VAL "120
aA Pr, SIN
THEN GOTO
LS
IF Ag="N" THEN GOTO |
IF Ag="¥" THEN GOTO VAL
GOTO VAL "40"
1@8 PRINT “REWIND TAFE,PRESS
Y,START TAPE”
11@ PAUSE UAL "32768"
128 CLS
13@ LOAD “TE”
149 FOR N=VAL “17e97" To
150 IF PEEK N=VAL "227"
TO VAL “1380"
160 LPRINT CHRS PEEK N;
17@ NEXT
180 LPRINT
198 GOTO VAL “4a”
B
THEN &
2
FIGURE NO. 3
The TS1016 RAM Pack
by Tim Stoddard
This is the second part on upgrading your TS 1016
RAM Pack to 64k. Last issue we discussed the ins and
outs of dynamic memory and how the Sinclair RAM Pack
works. This issue it's time to warm up the soldering
irons!
Take a look at Fig.l. You'll note that the circuit
schematic looks quite similar to the one in the last
issue. There are, however, some significant differances.
The biggest change is the addition of selection logic
(the 74LS138, 74L5139). Missing is the noisy Dc to Dec
converter that generated the +12 and -5 volt bias volt-
ages needed by the older 16k DRAMS.
Another more subtle change is the addition of the
active low OR gate in address line 15. This brings up
the unusual architecture used in the ZX/TS machine. The
interupt routines in the Sinclair ROM ASSUME the display
to be under the 32k boundry! So if y:ou add enough
memory to extend beyond the 32k boundry and then in-
itialize it, you will lose the display! To get around
this problem we must force the memory to “look" like
32k during an interupt cycle. This is done by oring Al5,
the address bit that determines which 32k boundry were
in, and Ml which occurs during an interupt cycle. Un-
fortunately the Ml cycle also occurs during EVERY in-
struction fetch. The effect of this is that you CAN NOT
EXECUTE PROGRAMS ABOVE 32K. However, you CAN store data,
such as a large array above the 32k boundry which is
what most people want the extra memory for anyway...So,
warm up the old soldering iron an let's go...
The conversion is done in two steps and should take
someone with "good" experience a weekend to complete. I
16
should point out at this time that neither myself not
Time Designs Magazine is responsible for any damages
caused to your RAM Pack or your computer by this modi-
fication. THIS IS NOT A GOOD FIRST OR EVEN A TENTH
PROJECT. You'll need experience in PCB repair and
handling a low power soldering iron. I will assist any-
one having trouble by either BBS communication (Compu-
Serve ID 73127,2664; Zebra BBS ID "Tim"), or S.A.S.E.
mail from you (85-48 66th Road, Rego Park, NY 11374). I
would recommend, if your not too confident, that you
purchase a 16k RAM Pack from Zebra Systems or other
source, to modify. They are inexpensive (under $10) and
Will allow you to use your ZX/TS while taking a break
from the modifications.
A WORD ABOUT STATIC ELECTRICITY: Very simply, it
can destroy all the work you put into a project in just
a few nano-seconds. Work on an anti-static mat. This can
be a commercial item or a piece of aluminum foil. The
idea is to keep you, the project, and anything that
touches the project at the SAME POTENTIAL. Use an un-
grounded tip type soldering iron.
You'll need the following PARTS:
(8) 4164 or equivalent 64K DRAMs
(1) T4HCT138 or 74L5S138
(1) ?V4HCT139 or 74L5139
(1) T4HCTOO or 74LS00
(8) 16 pin IC sockets
(1) 1K 1/4 watt resistor
(11) 184148 or 17914 diodes
1)
2)
4)
=
6)
7)
8)
1)
2)
3)
4)
ce
6
ta
a
You'll need the following TCOLS:
23 watt soldering iron
solder sucker/wick
small wire cutters (Xcelite 73CG is ideal)
small needle nose pliers (Xcelite 79CG is ideal)
30 gauge wire-wrap wire
20-24 gauge solid wire
Dremel moto-tool with extra-small ball cutter or an Zacto
knife
Crazy glue @s) ‘ :
solder Ts =c i
Anti-static mat an > ‘Db, Wa
FIVE VOLT DREAM CONVERSIONS
Dissasemble the case on your anti-static mat. From this point on BE
CAREFULL with the ribbon cable connecting the two PCBs, it is very
easy to break a wire in it and not even know it ‘till you have
powered up.
Remove all componants from the DRAM PCB not marked in Illustration
"A". Start with the small componants first by using the solder
sucker/wick to remove the solder from the pad and then using the
needle-nose pliers to work the wire loose. TAKE YOUR TIME! When you
get to the DRAM ICs use this method: take the small wire cutters
cut all the leads on one side of the IC close to the PCB, then bend
the IC up then back & forth to break off the leads on the other
side of the IC. Now use your solder sucker/wick to remove the
solder and old IC lead from each of the pads. WORK VERY CAREFULLY
HERE. DON'T LIFT ANY OF THE FOIL PATTERNS. Take a break after each
DRAM removed.....you'll be rewarded with good clean job, and a ran
pack that works! (GE) Tas
Check the DRAM PCB for solder splashes, shorts, etc. At this point o) 1
you should only have 6 de-coupling caps and 1 electrolytic cap left (%) Te
on the board. (@) TA doe
Install the eight 16 pin sockets in the DRAM locations placing pin as c
1 toward the electrolytic cap. (ea) TH “edo
Figure 1: Modified Sinclair RAM Pack Schematic
Install jumper "A" where a cap used to be as shown in Illustration
"A". This jumpers one of the multiplexed address lines to ground to
make the ram pack a 16K version. This jumper will be removed later,
after testing.
Make the 3 cuts, and 3 adds as shown in Illustration "B".
Carefully install the PCBs onto the computer (leaving them out of
the case), and power up. If all is well you should get the usual
“K" cursor in just a few seconds. Check to see if the ram was
properly initalized by executing the following command: PRINT PEEK
16388 + 256 * PEEK 16389. You should get 32768. If not re-check the
above steps and find where you went wrong?
This completes the 5 volt conversion step.
SiIxtY FOUR K CONVERSIONS
Illustration A: Component Side
Your ram pack should be fully operational as a 16K pack using the 5
volt only 64K DRAMS at this point. DO HOT CONTINUE ON UNTIL THIS IS
TRUE.
Perform the cuts and adds as shown in Illustrations "C" 4& "D".
: as Peewouny cvT
Take the three [Cs (74LS138,139,00) and bend all leads horizontal gg ft convenes)
from the body except the power leads (pins 8,16 for the 74LS138,139
and 7,14 for the 74L500). See Illustration "E”.
Using Crazy glue, and working VERY FAST glue the 7415138, lining up
the power leads on top of IC "A" the 74LS157 on the CONTROL PCB
{the PCB with the connector on it). See Illustration "G" for IC
identification. Next glue the 74LS139 lining up the power leads
again to the 7415136 just glued on. Finally glue the 74L500, lining
up it's pin 14 to the 74L5139's pin 16.
Carefully bend back pin 7 on the T4LS00 (top of IC stack) so that
it touches pin 6 of the 74L5139 under it. After insuring all the
power leads are lined-up and touching, solder them. Check with
Illustration “E".
cowreon §=PCR BAG-SIce
e '
Using Illustration "F" and 30 gauge wire-wrap wire: Illustration C: Cuts
ih
Illustration D: Adds
7)
8)
9)
10)
11)
12)
ADD WIRE FROM HERE TO HERE
74LS500, PIN 3 74LS138, PIN 3
74L5138, PIN 14 74L5139, PIN 15
MREQ on connector 74L5138, PIN 4
74L5138, PIN 6 74L5138, PIF 5
74L5138, PIN 16 74L5138, PIN 6
Al4 on connector 74L5138, PIN 2
Al3 on connector 74L5138, PIN 1
Ml on connector 74LS00, PIN 5
A15 on connector 74LS00, PIN 4
74L500, PIW 6 74L500, FINS 1&2
Al2 on connector 74LS139, PIN 13
All on connector 74LS139, PIN 14
Add a prepared diode with the anode soldered to pin 15 of the
74L5138. Then add a 30 gauge wire from ROMCS on the connector to
the cathode of this diode.
Add five prepared diodes with the cathodes soldered to pins
9,10,11,12,& 13 of the 74LS138. Then add a NOR-PREPARED diode with
the cathode soldered to pin 7 of the 74L5138. Bring the diode
around the IC “stack” and line up it's anode with the other 5
diodes. solder all six anodes forming a “buss". See [Illustration
biel ind !
Next solder a 1K resistor from pin 16 of the 74L5138 (+5 volts) to
the "anode buss".
Add diodes in the following table for each of the 2K blocks of 6K
"hidden" area that you want to use.
RAM AREA RANGE CATHODE TO PIW OF 74L5139
6192 to 10239 12
10240 to 12287 11
122868 to 14335 10
14356 to 16383 9
Tie the anodes of any of the diodes used above to the
"anode buss".
Add wire from the "anode buss” to pins 9 & 10 of the
74LS00. Then add a wire from pin & of the 74L500 to the pad
shown in Illustration "G" (this pad runs to pin 5 of the
74LS00 IC "F" on the CONTROL PCB.
Remove jumper "A" in Illustration "A".
Plug the ram pack onto the computer and power up. If all is well
you should get your "K" cursor. Execute: PRINT PEEK 16388 + 256 *
PEEK 16389. This should give you 32768. If this works enter the
following command lines one at a time: (1) POKE 16388,255 (2) POKE
16389,255 (3) NEW (4) PRINT PEEK 16388 +256 * PEEK 16389. You
should now get 65535! indicating that the entire ram is now
initalized and ready for use.
re-assemble the PCBs back into the case and re-test as above. This
completes the conversion.
OPTIONS: You can use the internal RAM socket via
the RAM Pack selection logic. This is where I placed my
ZX-LRS ROM for high speed cassette access. The cuts for
this option are shown in illustration "C", and the adds
are shown in Illustration "D". Those cuts and adds just
isolate the RAMCS pin on the connectior from the +5 volt
buss it was normally connected to (the RAM Pack normally
disables the internal 2k RAM). Illustration "F" then
shows where to connect the wire to use the RAMCS pin to
enable the internal RAM socket. Note that you could use
any of the 2k selection blocks from the 74L5139 chip.
See the schematic (Fig.1).
Another great option is the ability to change the
configuration of the RAM Pack via a DIP switch. On one
of my prototypes, I installed a DIP switch to allow en-
abling or disabling any of the four 2k blocks in the &k
"hidden" area. The best physical location is shown in
Illustration "F". The way I electrically connected it is
shown in the schematic of Fig.2. You could also use the
switch arrangement to enable or disable any ot the 6&k
system blocks too. In fact, Fig.2 shows a combination of
switching both the 2k "hidden" blocks and the 8k system
blocks. After you glue the switch in place, you can cut
a small access hole in the side of the case with the X-
acto knife so you can change the configuration without
taking apart the case.
That's about it. Write and let me know how you made
out. I've also designed from the ground up an expansion
RAM that uses the new 256k RAMS (64k by 4 bit). The en-
tire circuit uses just 9 chips and takes advantage of
the mewer DRAM's internal refresh logic. If there is
enough interest, I'll submit the article to TDM. 18
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Illustration E: IC Stack
Illustration F: Sor Signal Locations
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Illustration G: Pad/Feed-Through Locations
a” ye
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ay TL
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Pigure 2: Optional RAM Pack Configuration Switch
“a
A)
7s
I left the last lesson with a challenge to you to rewrite
the sample disassembly from Lesson 2 to eliminate the overflow
error it contained. If you had difficulty, refer to Lesson 4.
The answer was given in the comparison which explained the ADC
instruction. How many of you thought of rewriting the routine
using the sixteen bit intructions? Did you use LD HL,(pq) and LD
BC, (pq)? Can you see how a short Basic interface (program)
could collect the values and call the MC routine to perform the
addition? I trust some of you are beginning to have some ideas.
We know how to load a register (pair) of memory location
and perform arithmetic with the values loaded. We would, how-
ever, find MC of very limited value if these were all it could
do. Most of you are familiar with the Basic commands GOTO and
GOSUB. In truth, it is these instructions that give a program
the power to do some real work for us.
In MC, the equivalent instructions are referred to as Jumps
and Calls. The syntax for these instructions are given in Chart
LESSON FIVE
eyr Syrosd Wyncoop
5. You will note a new abbreviation, c, which is a test for the
condition (or status) of a flag.
We briefly discussed the Carry flag last lesson. Here is
how the F (flag) register is arranged:
Bit# 7, 6&© 3&3 43535 2 i 6
Flag 5S £ .H .«.§FPAVN C
Where:
S = Sign
Z = fero
H = Hal#-Carry
P/V= Parity/Overflow
N = Subtract
C = Carry
.» = Not used
Sign Flag - Stores the sign of the last result. Flag will
be set for a negative result and reset for a
positive result (always reflects the most
Signifigant bit of the result).
Zero Flag - Checks whether last result was zero. Flag will
be set if result is zero, else reset.
Note: flag = 1 if result = @. Watch it!
Hal #¢-Carry-
bit 3S
lz in register pairs.
We will ignore it.
Used internally by CPU to record carry from
to bit 4 in registers or bit 11 to bit
Parity/Overflow- Has two jobs depending on the instruction
last executed.
Farity is the number of set bits in the result
and is referred to as odd or even.
be set if parity is even and reset if odd.
Note: even parity generates an odd flag.
this one, also'
Flag will
Watch
Overflow records a carry from bit 6 into bit 7
which effectively changes the sign of result
Flag will be
in signed arithmetic operations.
set for overflow, else reset.
Subtract Flag- Used internally by CFU to record whether
last instruction was addition or subtraction.
Flag will be set
We will ignore this one, also.
Carry Flag-
bit 8 in registers or bit 15 to bit 146 in
register pairs. Is also used to
bit in the shift and rotate instructions.
You will note that two bits of the flag register are wun-
used. The status of these bits are important and there are no
instructions that affect them.
Each flag can be in one of two states...set or reset (on or
off). A set bit = 1 (on) and a reset bit = O (off). This can
become very confusing when using the Zero or Parity/Overflow
flags, as the flag will not be as we expect it. For instance,
the Zero flag = 0 if the result was not zero. Most of the time,
however, you can use the flags without knowing whether they are
set or not. You need only test their status and jump accord-
ingly.
Our old friend records a carry from bit 7 to
if was subtraction operation.
save the lost
19
Each flag indicates a specific condition based on the
result of the last instruction executed. Chart 6 indicates how
the flags are affected by the various instructions. It is
important to know how the flags are affected as every
in-
struction does not affect them and many instructions do not
affect them as you might expect.
Enough of that, back to the Jump instructions. This in-
struction has two versions, Jump and Jump Relative. The mne-
monics are JP and JR, respectively.
JP is equivalent to Basic's GOTO. JP begins executing the
next instruction at the absolute address you specify as its
argument. A JP 4000h instruction will send the CPU off to
address 4000h to find the next instruction tc execute. Your
umps can be conditional...that is, they can test one of the
flags and jump only if the condition is met.
JR requires the introduction of another Hex to Decimal con-
version chart, Chart 7. You will note that the first half of
this chart is the same as our previous Hex to Dec chart (Lesson
1). The last half, however, indicates negative numbers. When
numbers are used in this fashion, they are referred to “signed
numbers". Signed numbers merely means that the most significant
bit (bit 7) is used to represent the sign of the number. A set
bit (1) is a negative number and a reset bit (0) is positive.
JR also requires a brief discussion of the register pair
Pc. PC is a special register pair not normally accessible to us.
It is called the Program Counter and its job is to keep track of
where the next instruction to execute is located. All 280 in-
structions are 1,2,3 or 4 bytes in length. The CPU will always
advance PC by the correct number of bytes for the instruction it
is about to execute. The effect of this is to skip any arguments
belonging to the current instruction so as to be in position to
fetch the next instruction.
Any jump instruction causes PC to discard the address it
contains and replace it with the new address, as specified in
the jump instruction. Note, PC will always contain the address
of the next instruction to execute, not the current one.
The JR instruction adjusts the PC by adding the value
specified to the current value of PC. In other words, JR tells
the CPU to Jump to address X, which is Y bytes from where PC is.
¥ can only be in the range of -128 to 127 and X is the calcu-
lated new address. In the case of negative values, the program
would jump back to a previous instruction (loops) while positive
numbers would cause the skipping over of the next Y bytes.
JR can also be conditional as indicated in Chart 5 and
discussed above for JP.
When programming in Basic, it is quite common
line such as:
to have a
100 GOTO 10#VAL At+1000
There is a MC instruction, JP (HL), which emulates this
type of operation. This instruction will jump to the address
held in the HL register pair. This allows a routine to build up
an address from tables or inputs and transfer program control to
that address. We will not discuss this much further now as it
represents some pretty advanced programming.
CALL is our GOSUB equivalent. It acts exactly like BASIC's
GOSUB. A jump is made to the specified address and a return is
made to the instruction that would have been executed next had
the CALL not been encountered. This is accomplished by saving
the address in PC on the stack (we will explain the stack later)
before making the jump.
There is a special case of CALL, that does not require an
address to be specified, which is know as RST. RST is read re-
start , and is unique because it is the only instruction that
uses an eight bit address. RST calls a subroutine with a one
byte instruction.
Some important points about RST are that it is uncon-
ditional and usually computer specific (can not run on another
Z80 based computer). Being computer specific is due, unfor-
tunately, to there already being instructions at all the RST
addressed, which cannot be changed. This is due to our operating
system being in a ROM type memory. All is not lost though. Since
these are very handy instructions, Sinclair put some of the most
accessed routines there. We will find that we can use some of
the RST instructions, after all.
As with any GOSUB instruction, Calls and RSTs require a
return instruction to let the CPU know the routine has finished
its task. The mnemonic for return is amazingly enough RET. RET
Will perform exactly the operation you would expect it to, and
your returns can be conditional. Conditional returns allow for
many exit points based on completing certain tasks. There are
two special RETs which we will discuss later because they are
used to return from the interrupts.
We have learned about the flags and how to make jumps and
calls based on their status. We now need to explore some of the
ways to set these flags in order for our tests to be mean-
ingful. One of the ways to do this is directly with the CCF and
SCF instructions.
CCF means Complement the Carry Flag. If Carry was set, it
Will be reset and vice versa. SCF means Set the Carry Flag. The
Carry flag will set by this instruction.
Another way to affect the flags is with the remainder of
the arithmetic instructions (I've been holding out on you
again). These are also listed on Chart 5, and can not truely be
refferred to as arithmetic instructions, except for CP.
CP, which means Compare, is a neat and often used in-
struction. CP sets all the flags as if a value were subtracted
from the Accumulator, but without changing the value of the
Accumulator! It is important to realize the result of the
Compare is not stored anywhere, only the flags are affected.
CP has two special forms, CPI and CPD, which are read Compare
with Increment, and Compare with Decrement. CPI performs the
same as a CP (HL) instruction would, except that HL is in-
cremented and BC is decremented. The only flag affected is the
P/V flag which is set according to the value of BV. If BC = O,
then P/V = 0.
CPD is the same as CPI except that HL is decremented. The
effect on the flags is the same.
The next instruction is DJNZ...which is not Greek! DJNZ is
read "decrement the B register and jump relative if B is not
zero", This is an extremely useful instruction which leads to
the B register being used as a counter. DJNZ can be compared to
the Basic loop control variable. The equivalent Basic statement
would be as follows: 1@ For X = 18 to @ Step -1
20 (do job here)
=@ Next x
In order to perform the same operation as DJNZ using any
other register, you would need two instructions:
DEC L
JR NZ, Loop
To use DJNZ, you must properly load the B register. You
can then construct a loop to do whatever task you wish. You can
even reuse the B register in the loop, if you properly preserve
its value first. More on this preservation of values later.
CPL stands for Complement. Each bit of the Accumulator is
altered (complemented). For example: if the Accumulator contains
1101110lb, its complemented form would be 00100010b.
NEG is the last unexplained instruction on chart 5. NEG
will negate the Accumulator, which means to place the two's
complement of the A register in the Accumulator. if the Accumu-
lator contains 5, it will be negated to -5.
You now have about one third of the 280 instruction set,
and with the stack instructions next issue (they are certainly
the most used of the instructions). You are now armed with the
tools to write a MC program of your own design. I encourage you
to experiment and see if you get the desired results. I will
reply personally to all enquiries that contain a S.A.S.E., if
you have difficulty (send to- 2107 S.E. 155th St., Portland, OR
97233).
With the next lesson, we will explore printing to the
screen as that will give us some immediate feedback as to how we
are doing and whether our routine is working. If you have any
information on the display file and/or ROM routines, you should
review it, in anxious anticipation.
CHART 5
Jumps Flag setting
JF man CCF
JF c,mn SCF
JP (HL)
CP n
JR e cP r
JF c,# CP (HL)
DJINZ & CFI
CFD
CaLL nn
CALL c¢,nn CPL
RST xx
NEG
RET
RET c
Where: mn |= any numeric constant @ to 255
nn @= any numeric constant © to 465555
r = any single register
© |= any numeric constant -128 to 127
e = flag status
xx = O8O8h, O8h, 10h, 16h, 2Oh, 26h, 38h, or Sh
N
Oo
RRC, SLA, SRA,
' or right
SRL
CHART 6
Instruct 12 P/V: St Nt Ht Comments
ADD, ADC ‘oe t@e#twyvt«»t @ !' # ! B6 Bit add or add
' ! ! t t ! ' wrearry
ADD (ere Pe ft= Ff oe!t= !? 16 BLE add
ADC '@etlh«e#twvyt @# ! @ !' = !' 16 Bit add w/earry
AND '@!t #!t F t # !' @ ! 1 ! Logical operations
BIT f=—-!f #@f=—t=- 160 ! 1 ! Specified bit copied
t ' : ! : ? ' into zero the flag
RES, & SET fe-e be be Pet = 1 = 1 Bt instructions
CCF Pe Pr]|= tf = bt = 1 Bt = | Complement carry flag
SCF '@!re=- t= ' = !' B ! @ ! Set carry flag
CP, NEG, SUB, 'e# '!@twvt!t #! 4 ! # ! @ bit subtract or sub-
EBC, DEC, & ' : ; - : : ! tract w#/carry, compare
INC : ! ! ! ! . ' or negate accumulator
1 ! ! ! \ ' &£ B bit decrement
DEC, & INC fet—t—t=-_t—! = ! 16 bit decrement and
f . , : ! increment
SEC {f@etetyv?t @ ! @ tf = ! 16 Bit subtract w/fearry
CFI, CrIF, t= |e iP he Fe ' Block searches; f=i1 if
CPD, & CPDR : : : : ' ' B@=(HL), elee 2=0;P/V¥=1
! . L ! : ' ' aif BC not equal to 6,
4 : : ' ' else Ps/V¥ep
CPL P_ te Pe Pe toy to tt! Complement accumulator
DAA ‘@! # ' Pt # § = | # ! Decimal adjust accum.
In Pom Fe Pe Pe 2 = t = | Inpet register direct
It '{—!#*# tfPte!t BB! BB ! Input register indirect
INIT, IND, f$=— te ti=-t=—- 1 2 ! = 1 Block in & out instruc
OUTI, OUTD, f t ! | L ! tions; 220 if B is not
INIR, INDR ! : ! : : ' ' equal to @, elee z=1
OTIR, & OTDOR '! f i ! i
Lo Ppeebe=be t= ' = + = | Aoignamemnt instructions
LOI, LODO, fete t Pt =! 8 ! OB ! Block transfers; P/¥=1
LDIR, & LDDR ! : . . - 4 ' if BC is not equal to 8
t . ; | ' ' elee P/¥=0
OR, & XOR '@t#!P!'# ! @' 8 !' Logical OR accumulator
FLA, RLCA, '‘@#te t= ' = ! @ ! @ ! Rotate accumulator
RRA, & RRCA } | ' ! ! !
RL, RLC, RR, '* !'o# ' Pt o# !' 8 !' B ! Rotate and shift left
i 4 i] | i] i] i]
- ' : : : :
Where: #® = Flag changed according to result
= Flag either unchanged or undeterminable
= Flag reset
= Flag set
= Parity changed according to result
= Overflow changed according to result
<_< ve6 i
CHART 7
Signed Numbers--Hex/Dec Conversions
i@tat2etistwet St &@t Ft Ot Ft At Bt Ct wot Ef FF?
Bt @t at BF St £1 St hot FirvOet Ftmtaat iz: 13 aia} it
1? dh f iF fat at et 2h tl ei at oe oe ae Oe ze a2? Be | ' 31 '
=---! asee | anes | eee | eoee ! eee | eee | eee | eee | eee | eee | ee = I == | == I feces lees lee I
Z!'st' 33! Set St et Ot Oe oe) ae at at! at oat OS a! OF
ese | eee I oes | eee | eee | eee | eee) eee |) eee | eee | eee = | eee = I a | ee Feel eee I | oo
3:86! a9! SB! 81! Set Sst oe! St oe! 6! Se! Se tl lee! ol tl Uo ht 6S
eee | eee i eee |e | es Joe | ee fee J eee! eee | eee | eee | eee | eee | eee I ee lee |
* ! 68 ? 68 ' 66 ! O67! OB! Ot Fe! at Pat 2! ae) Pt Pe) 2th Pe! ot
sees) eee | eee | eel ee = t= | = tl eee | eee | eee en) eee | eee | eee | een | = | |
3S! ' Bi! ot ! Ot oe! eS! ae Oe ! Be! ee! es 2k a! a ae
‘= LY
cone loos ) eee | eee |) eee | eee | ee | ee lee! eees | oees | coe | eee eee =! !
bof ee! Pe! ae ee! 2! eS! 1S! 2! 1S! 1! 1! 1! eee! 118! iit
—----!---- i ases locas lessee !eces loess | eens | eee = | eee | eee = | ea | ee | eee fbeaees fossa /ee==!
7 § £12! 213! 224! BES! 206! D7! 118! 1099 128! AL! ABZ! 12S! ARs! ABS! 126! w2zr!
were fee PF et et =!) 0 eee Pee ee Pee ee Pe | He ae eee lee!
a (128! <127!-126!-125!-126!-123!-122!-121 '-120'-219!-118!-117!-216!-1105!-1148'-113!
see | ee | eee eee Fe He I aee5 lessen lense! eee lee = fees fees fee | eee = bi-==!
P '=202'=$110'=-110 9-189! =188! $187! =186'=$185'=-104'=183!=-182!-181'-188! <9! -F7e! =-97!
- a be ee eee
A! ~9b! -75! ~74! -95! -92! -91! -9O! -OP! -G8! -B7! -O6! ~O5! -O4! -85! -82! -e1!
ad eee | eee Fee ee Fe eases loses loses | eeee ) eee | ee | ee | =!
.
Fo! <6! <15! <149 <13! <12! <1! -10! -9! -@! <7! <a! <s! <a! <3! <2! -1!
SS ee ee ee ee eeE*T TT |
Tes SS
8 FS gp HOLIDAY SPECIAL: $199
WITH FREE EXTRA SOFTWARE!
A COMPLETE QL FOR ONLY $199! Our retail
price after 1/1/87 will be $459 due to a price in-
crease. The QL comes with our extra
FREEWARE cartridge filled with additional
Super Software! Get Backup Utilities,
Graphics Demos, Clocks, Maps, Sound
Generators, a Postermaker! Too much to men-
tion! All FREE with each OL ordered. Add
$7.00 for S & H please. We also offer Special
programmers, OS/Languages, Educational
and Business System Packages! And
Modems. CALL us up on our O LINE!
But what If you ALREADY HAVE A OL? THEN
JUST SEND IN A BLANK CARTRIDGE with
$2.00 for S & H and you'll get all of the above
FREE PROGRAMS tool We offer OL Users
QUANTUM SUPPORT. The Computer that by
far out-classes the Status Quo PCXTAT &
Cloneys!
QUANTUM COMPUTING
Box 1280, Dover NJ 07801
Call: (201) 328-8846
(anytime...24 hours!)
eg
a SE
Fi i
,
-~_-
QL,with 4 Psion programs,4 blank mdv cartridges,and 640K RAM $399.00+
012K RAM PAK for QL, brings total memory to 640K.......... a $199 PP!
AVATEX 3000/1200 BAUD MODEMS, 8 LED, RS232, etc.........500. , $109 PP!
AVATEX 3000/1200, 100% Hayes Compatible. ........ccccecccsenes $159 PP!
@L MODAPTER, allows use of 300 Baud moden ith QL, includes QCODE
terminal program which supports up/downloading, etc......... $ 59.95+
Modapter WITH AVATEX 1200 HC (Hayes Compatible)........ svew S209 FPP!
QL ASSEMBLER WORKBENCH, includes monitor, disassembler, assembler, by
teatent; a great tuy, great coftware! Only. ....0.2.ccceeses one S$ 49,95+
TRANSFORM CASE, plastic case holds 20 MDV cartridges........ $ 5.99+
MICRODRIVE CARTRIDGES for QL, ZX Microdrives ONLY(4 carts). $ 10,.95+
QL BOOKS, Assorted, call for titles, only.........eeee: ceeee S$ 9.,95+
stiles? 2Ooe5 is NOT forgotten i! :*
= Machine Code Tutor, Fighter Pilot, Night Gunner, or
pA tescer vs a ey $10 each POST PAID while current supply lasts!
OPRITES 2066, all new! Design, combine, and use sprites quickly and
easily. Includes GREAT demos! Includes detailed manual, sprite service
utility (2520 bytes MC), spritedraw program. ......sceccecsceces $ 19.95+
oa
SABOTEUR, you are a ninja spy who must get a disk from the eneny
wharehouse; use lethal Eicks,/ punches, leila knives, grenades to
*remove’ guards and dogs who iget in the way’. Super graphics! $ 15.95+
gaa a ne eee ee,
eee
a ee ee cee
eg
gee
ee
oon
CRITICAL MASS, aliens thieaten to. rs your solar system by taking
Pelee 6, es 2. odo
ae 00 fe a
over your anti-matter convérsion piant. You must infiltrate the plant
be
ee es 0llti‘«i‘éR
ee ha
and destroy the converter tefore’BOOM! and it turns into a black hole,
eee ee
aa ne
destroying all stars and pianets ie your SISTEM. ss «ssa we $ 15.95+
SPECTERM 64- Brand new 64 colum terminal software for the Spectrum
or 2068 with Spectrum Emulator and 2050 modem OR ANY RS232 BOARD! Yes,
1200 BAUD (300 baud with 2050 modem on a 2068! You get 64 columns ON
SCREEN, built in XModem up and downloading, half/full duplex, S1K
buffer, can transmit/receive ANY file- Bytes or Program. Automatically
“saves Tasword II files properly! 4K user menu area, and documentation
-or SUL Power Sodeming, ail for only. .. 66s sce ee eee a eee $$ 29.95+
DOUBLE SIDE/DOUBLE DENSITY floppy disks, highest quality, lifetime
guarantee, Tyvec sleeves, user ID labels, and write protect tabs, only
15% 73 CENTS each (minimum 10), or 100 for 65 cents each! (100 shipped PP!)
D Unless oOtrerwis=} moteci, Pleas] acici
Ss shippins,g Tor software, s.5 for
rAardware, or $10 For Aa Qe package.
Send check or Money Order to:
VARIETY SALE=> COMPUTER DIVISIOPNrn
Department TON—sS
wae VEST JERSEY ST REET , ## =—1D
ye ed ee eo NEW JERSEY O77 cow
=_O1l—-S27—-O0OS35 FOR MORE INFORMAT Lor.
SOFTSYNC TS2068 Inventory Liquidation Sale
Zebra Systems just made a special purchase of all the
Timex/Sinclair product left in Softsync's warehouse in order to
bring you these fine programs at special low prices. Softsync
started in the Timex market with excellent products, but they now
focus on IBM, Commodore and other large markets, where they
sell products like the Personal Accountant for much more money.
All product is new and packaged with documentation in
Softsyne’s attractive four-color boxes. Quantities are limited, so
act now. These products list at $19.95 to $24.95 and are in our
regular catalog for $17.95 to $22.95. But now our liquidation sale
prices are as follows:
INVENTORY SALE PRICES:
1. for $20 1st $10
2 for $19 2nd $9
2: for S27 3rd $8
4 for $34 4th. $7
5 for $40 5th $6
6 for $45 6th $5
Zeus Assembler Cat# SS0S
Machine Code programming is made simple with Zeus. This
sophisticated programmers’ aid allows the use of the full Z- 80
mneumonic instruction set and comes with a step by step
instruction booklet.
Unique features include: a full screen editor, automatic line
numbering and renumbering and mini monitor. Displays current
registers and single stroke commands save machine code.
Zeus Monitor and
Dissassembler Cat# SS06
Acclaimed by reviewers as the most comprehensive Monitor and
Dissassembler available.
This powerful programming tool allows you to translate
machine code into comprehensible assembly language instructions,
enabling you to examine the BASIC ROM, to investigate the
workings of the Timex/Sinclair 2068 or to analyze your own
machine code routines.
With the highly versatile Monitor, you get an extensive set of
facilities to aid the entry, inspection, modification and debugging
of your own machine code programs.
CYBERZONE Cat# S802
Special Feature: Use your voice to activate your laser fire! The
sound of your voice sends lasers shooting at the enemy.
Imagine yourself pitted against the Cyber’s ultra accurate laser
fire. The situation is tense as you avoid the swooping, spinning
fighters coming to get you.
Can you stay alive long enough to chip away at the floor of
Cyber’s spinning spacecraft? And is your aim deadly enough to
hit the Cyber’s only vulnerable spot...his left foot?
Cyberzone is a fast game with five levels of play and exciting
graphics that place you in the center of the action.
22
bene
SS
———<— = ee ee oe ee
1
Personal Accountant sso.
The Personal Accountant is a powerful yet purposefully simple
accounting program for household and small business use. Using
a time honored accounting practice known as "Double Posting
Book-keeping” the Personal Accountant will instantly organize all
your financial information.
Open as many accounts as you need, balance your checkbook
instantly, track loans, charge card purchases, expenses and IRA's.
Generate financial reports ranging from trial balances to
profit/loss, expense vs. income and assetts over liabilities. An
amortization table can calculate payments and changing rates,
generate future value and growth tables. And a built in data base
keeps names, addresses and other vital data at your fingertips.
The Personal Accountant is comprehensive yet simple to use
with no codes to memorize and the screen will guide you every
step of the way.
VOICE CHESS cate sso
The Most advanced chess game available for the Timex/Sinclair
2068 actually talks to you during the game. A digitized voice
speaks through the computer's speaker, advising of its move,
recommending moves for you and making facetious comments.
Voice Chess is written in fast machine code so it responds to
your moves quickly.
Features include: analyze mode, recommend move, change colors
or levels at any point in the game, save, reload and print out any
game you play. Displays full Chess board in detail.
GULPMAN Cat# SS03
The cursed wormoids are out to get control of Gulpland,
chasing its inhabitants out of their apple orchards. Eat as many
apples as you can to get bonus points and use your lasers to stun
the wormoids. 15 different mazes.
Ordering Instructions: Include $3.00 S&H. VISA/MC
Accepted.
Zebra Systems, Inc.
78-06 Jamaica Avenue
Woodhaven, NY 11421
(718) 296-2385
| Dear Time Designs Reader,
|We are very pleased
Catalog as the
November / December Time Designs Magazine.
| economic reasons the catalogs were _ printed
previously in one large batch and have become
| slighted dated. For that reason we
supplementing it with several pages of new product
announcements, sales, and a short list of updates.
Particularly exciting are the new bargain
prices we are able to offer on Softsync’s very high
quality software products, and on our TS2068
compatible Trackball controllers. We will continue
to bring you our Zebra
to strive to bring you the best support products for
prices. |
Please accept our best wishes for the Holiday'
Timex computers and at _ the best
| season and for a happy and healthy New Year.
| Sincerely yours,
Jane, Linda, Jeff, Tom, and Stewart
The Staff of Zebra Systems
TS2068
Trackball |
Only $19.95
Originally sold for $69.95
Specify Cat# TBTMX02
Plugs into TS2068 Joystick Port and
works with all joystick software.
Bonus Feature: Also works on Commodore 64,
VIC-20, ATARI 800, and more. Contact factory
for more complete list.
You can benefit from our recent purchase of brand new WICO
Trackball Controllers at closeout prices. We've taken the model
WICO originally made for the Texas Instrument 99/4A and made a
very simple modification so it now is fully compatible with the
Timex TS2068's joystick port.
WICO is the largest designer and manufacturer of control devices
for commercial arcade video games. If you've ever played an arcade
video game, chances are you've used a WICO joystick or trackball.
You've experienced the superior control.
accuracy. The exceptional durability.
Features: Phoenolic ball offers 360-degree movement. Two optical
encoders provide split-second movement. Quick-action fire button
for smooth, two handed arcade response and feel. Long 5’ computer
connection. Heavy duty plastic case for long hard use.
The WICO warranty has been voided by our modification. But we
give you our 15-day money back guarantee and a one-year limited
warranty from Zebra Systems.
The pinpoint firing
23
center fold of the |
For
f\ f)
Neve VOY ll
are
SY Gaia Sella Odile
Zebra Best Sellers 2
4 For those who are interested, here is a
Short list of our currently best selling
products to check out in our Time
| Designs ads and on the various pages in
our 1986B Catalog.
[tsa ated
iJ a_i =
TS2068 Trackballs (TD)
Sprites 2068 (TD)
2 Greeting Card/Banner/Sign Designers (P3)
TS2068 Technical Manual (P1)
Tech Draw Jr.(P2)
OS64 Cartridge (P7)
Mscript (P4)
64K TS1000 RAM PACKS (P13)
Machine Code Test Tool (P15)
Discounted Books (P10-11)
TS2050 Modem Boards (P12)
AA LIDTUTAD UNMIS) OND A
Siete f dil A
Timex Games $2 Each
With your order for a TS2068 trackball you can purchase any of the
following Timex TS2068 Trackball and Joystick compatible games at
the special low price of $2.00 each for cassettes and $3.00 for
cartridges.
CAT# TITLE
Cassettes at $2.00 each
64001 Androids
64002 Penetrator
64004 Casino I
64005 Crossfire
64006 Circuit Board Scramble
64007 Dragmaster
64009 Guardian
64012 Fun Golf
CAT# TITLE
64014 Hungry Horace
64015 Horace Goes Skiing
64019 Horace and the Spiders
64021 Blind Alley
64023 Crasybugs
Cartridges at 3.00 each
74001 Androids
74005 Crazybugs
$5 Off Tech-Draw Jr.
You can save $5.00 on the purchase of Tech-Draw Jr. if you
purchase it at the same time as a TS2068 trackball. Instead of the
regular price of 19.95 you can get it for 14.95. See our catalog for a
complete description of Tech-Draw Jr. and a list of printers that it
supports. Order Tech-draw Jr. Catalog# C256.
oo WW i oaan ai - is aee
< = eh ee TR | La ed
CRITICAL MASS Zebra Catalog Updates
An arcade game by Durell.
Distributed by Knighted Computers. Cat#KC12 $15.95
SABOTEUR
A martial arts arcade
adventure by Durell, distributed by
Knighted Computers.
Cat #KC13 $15.95
iii ee SSS. 22 SS SS SSS SS ee ee ee ee
MUSICOLA
Great music program for the TS2068.
New low price! Cat#TEJ1 $9.95.
GRAPHIST
Graphics software from T.E.J. Associates. New low price!
Cat#TEJ2 $9.95
SS ZB BB SS SS SS SS Se SS Se ee sf SF SF SS SS SS SP ee ee eS ee ee ee ee
SOUNDESIGN
This TS2068 programming utility allows you to design your own
TS2068 sound effects and musical effects and make them a part of
your BASIC programs. Wonderfully simple to use.
Software & RMG. CLONE
Now you can make backup copies of all of the tapes that you
thought were unbreakable. New program from RMG Enterprises
backs up virtually any tape that you can load into the 2068
including spectrum tapes.
documentation package.
From Arrow
Cat#RMG1 $14.95
Includes very well written
Cat#RMG2 $9.95
THE KRUNCHER
From RMG , this utility helps you compress your BASIC programs
so that you can squeeze more program into your machine. Works
on TS2068 and Spectrum. Cat#RMG3 $9.95
Used ZX8I’s, RAM’s,
etc.
Working ZX81 with Zebra 15 day money back
quarantee. Does not include any documentation, cables or power
supply. $15.00
Not Working ZX81's (as is, usually easy to fix) 8 for $25
ZX81 Power supplies when purchased with a ZX81 (new) $2.00
Case of 30 new ZX81 power supplies $50 & Shipping.
Video Switch (used, working) $1.00
Cassette Cables or Video Cable (used) $.50 ea.
ZX81 Manual (used) $3.00
16K RAM (used, working) $6.00
16K RAM (not working, as is) $2.00
Se eee OE a a. ep ee ee ee
BOOK BARGAINS
Here are some excellent books still in stock but not in our catalog
becouse we only have limited quantities available. We'll only take
phone confirmed orders on these.
Understanding Your ZX81 ROM by Logan ( 35 left) #C105 $5.00
Machine Language Made Simple for TS1000 (21 left) #C106 $5.00
The Timex Sinclair 2068 Explored by Hartnell (11 left) $5.00
The following are
typographical and other
corrections to Zebra’s 1986B Catalog.
Page 1 - We do not cary Omnicalc.
Page 5 - The correct cat# for Profile 2068 is TWO2.
Page 6 - The last sentence of the first paragraph is in error.
New A&J TS2068 drives use black, version 1 wafers.
Page 8 -
The correct catalog numbers for the following
cartridges are 07-7400 Pinball, 07-7300 Flight Simulator, and for
cassettes 06-1000 Vu-Calc, 06-1001 Vu-File, 06-1002 Vu-3D, and
06-3000 Flight Simulator.
Page 12 - MTERM II Tape is currently priced at $24.95 not
$29.95. MTERM II is not available on cartridge.
We no longer
sell Mini Xmod 1.7.
Page 14 - We are now sold out of 03-3020 Computer Coach,
and 03-3016 Conversational Spanish.
Page 15
TS1000 software:
We are now sold out of the following Softsync
SSTO2 Advanced Budget Manager, SST18
Mothership.
SSS 22282 SSS SS Ss SS SS SSS Se ee ee ee ee ee
TS1000 Joystick
Adaptors Plugs into the back of the TS1000 and
allows a standard Atari compatible joystick to work on the
TS1000.
TS1500. This is a closeout. Only 40 left.
Includes free joystick games tape. Won't work on the
Cat#C120 $5.00
Sa aS SS SS SSS SS SS SSS SS SS 2 2 SSB SB SS SSS SS SP VB TTT ee
SPRITES 2068
As you may already know, "sprites" are computer graphic
objects which can be easily and quickly moved around on a
video screen. Hints of how to write sprite software for the
TS2068 are given in Timex's TS2068 Technical Manual but it
is not really adequately explained.
Now there has been a major breakthrough. After months
of research, two TS2068 dichards: Vernon Tidwell and Ron
Ruegg, have now figured out how to use sprites on the
TS2068. And even more importantly, they have written an
excellent 34 page manual that explains all about it in their
product called SPRITES 2068.
It doesn’t matter whether you're a BASIC or machine
language programmer - with the easy interface of the sprite
service utility and the superb manual that explains it, you
will be able to create your own moving sprite graphics. You
may want to create complete games or just experiment and
learn more about computer graphics techniques. In either case
you'll enjoy the ease and the amazing high speed with which
your own graphic creations will move.
SPRITES 2068 consists of the 34 page manual and a
cassette tape. The cassette includes a 2520 byte machine code
sprite service utility, a SPRITEDRAW BASIC program for
defining and moving your own sprites (including twelve sprite
commands), and exciting sprite demonstration programs.
Considering the quality of this product, its excellent
documentation, the fact that there isn’t anything else like it
available, and most importantly what it can do for you on
your TS2068, this is beauty of a program, and a bargain at
only $19.00. Be sure to order yours now.
Order Catalog No. 321 SPRITES 2068
ZEBRA SYSTEMS, INC.
78-06 Jamaica Avenue, Woodhaven NY 11421 (718) 296-2385
Only $19.00
A Hearty Thank YWou
The heading really says it all. I've been quite pleased and
encouraged by your response to Part 1. This is really turning
into an “interactive series", as I'd hoped, and I want to invite
you to keep writing and calling with your ideas and questions.
Your're truly making these articles much better than I could have
done alone.
I wish I could have said all this sooner, but the publi-
cation delays on my end do get in the way. I have to submit my
"stuff" about a month ahead of the publication date. The
result is that I'll be submitting Part 4 about the same time you
read this. In the same way, your first responses began to come
just as I submitted Part 2, when it was too late for me to in-
clude a mention of them.
So you see, there's no escaping this little nuisance, and
I'll just have to be content in extending a late, but very
sincere thank you.
sag _- = anc Now , Thz riai i - = # =
A number of you deserve much more than just a mention for
the valuable contributions you've provided. Sadly, that's all I
can do. Please don't be insulted if I didn't include you here; I
have to limit this much more than I'd wish.
The first pat on the back goes to Robert Orrfelt, from
Redwood City, CA. He shows that you needn't use my trick to SAVE
the EXROM code to tape; just put your disassembler into RAM, then
type: OUT 255,128:0UT 244,16. This will switch the EXROM into
chunk 4, starting at hex 8000. Really clever! If you use a
Spectrum disassembler, and your emulator is in the cartridge slot
(as I use), this won't work, since it would require enabling Dock
and EXROM chunks simultaneously. Also, if you want to disassemble
in decimal, you can't get the code to start at decimal location
4000. Still, this should be a big timesaver for almost everyone.
For reasons to be seen later, I'd like to thank Eric Johnson
of Orange City, FL, and fellow SINCUS member Dave Schoenwetter
for making several “dead" SCLDs available to me.
Marty Egan of Herndon, VA has also been busily studying the
EXROM code, and working out Timex's bank switching protocol. I've
spent a great deal of (very pleasant) time with him over the
phone, as we compared out notes. I hope my infor was as helpful
to you as your insights were to me, Marty. I don't just owe you
one...I owe you a million.
Marty has also suggested that I include a cross-reference
between a few of my terms and some of the acronym-like bank
switching names that Timex included in a few spots in the Tech
Manual. I chose to try to “expand” these acronyms in this series,
to make the text clearer.
Timex Name New "Improved" Name Used Here
ENA Bank Number Access (register 60)
ABN Assigned Bank # (AO, in setup mode)
HS Horizontal Select (register 40)
HSP Universal Deselect Byte (AO, in normal mode)
Timex also referred to HSP as HS-prime, but this seemed too redundant
I avoid acronyms as much as I can, and was surprised (and
suitably humbled) when Rick Best, from Largo, FL asked if I
couldn't include a glossary of terms in my articles; explanations
of things like AROS, LROS, SCLD, ect. Well, I'll certainly be
glad to explain them. (It's amazing how we can let acronyms be-
come a part of our vocabulary without even realizing it!)
AROS (Application ROM Oriented Software) and LROS (Language
ROM Oriented Software) are the two types of cartridge programs
that the system can run. T5.0 tells about these in detail. Note
that AROS and LROS are “nested acronyms"; that is, one of their
letters actually stands for another acronym. (A sign that these
things have long since gotten out of hand. I gleefully enjoy
pointing out such verbal perversities. )
The term SCLD probably stands for either Semi Custom Logic
Device, or Standard Cell Logic Device, (both are true) and
usually refers to the specially made “workhorse chip" inside the
TS 2068. It appears that this term was intended to refer to any
20
Mystery
of the Missing LS
Part Three
Sy Wes Brtorowwsk i
“special” chip to be used in TS 2068 products, and so I've also
used it to refer to devices that we can only speculate about.
Another reader who's sent a large amount of infomation is
William J. Pederson, owner of the Widjup Co. Mr. Pederson tells
me he has a bank switching system working, which he expects to
incorporate into a product. Note that some of his bank switching
concepts are VERY different from what we'll be discussing here.
Interested readers may wish to drop him a line to find out what's
available.
If you've written me with a request for a reply, please be
patient. I get swamped sometimes, and my time for writing replies
is limited. Between queries on my articles in the newsletter for
the SINCUS user group and now my articles here, (not to mention
actually WRITING the articles) things can get very busy. But I
will get to you just as soon as I can.
A Bit “OO The Hard Stuff
We talked hardware last time, but some updates may be
useful. You may have noticed that it requires a huge quantity of
TTL chips to implement the functions we've described. But there
may be easier ways to do it. Marty Egan is investigating ways to
persuade a 74L5610 chip to do some of the grunt work, and I might
suggest locking at an AMD2901 bit slice chip to do the same.
Further, if we wish to rewrite the READ BS REG and WR_BS REG
routines, as was suggested in Part 1, a really dramatic drop in
parts count seems possible. Since these routines are the only
ones that actually access the bank switching hardware, they can
be changed to control circuitry that's simpler to build. Since we
already have to make massive bug corrections to both ROMs anyway,
changing these two is trivial.
Last time, I said that the RESET signals in my block dia-
grams were probably not what Timex really intended, and that some
odd “unlock" code was instead intended to disarm some power-on
“lock up" circuitry. I'd mightily appreciate it if you'd forget
I'd ever said this. (Sometimes we look at a simple problem and
imagine complex solutions. Sorry, gang.) The odd code will be ex-
plained later. The reset signal really should be there, but i
probably doesn't go to the backplane's RESET line.
This is because the RESET signal desn't go to a pin on the
standard TS 2068 SCLD either, and so wouldn't reset the standard
Horizontal Select register. If RESET only worked on an expansion
bank, then applying that signal could result in some chunks not
being allocated to any bank. That would hang the machine up, were
it to exclude chunk 0.
Were does the signal go, then? A quick look at the sales
literature for the NCR Corporation's standard cell devices (of
which the 2068's SCLD is one) shows that they can include a
power-on-reset circuit right on the chip. I've extracted the
actual silicon chip from a dead SCLD, and sure enough, near one
edge, is the large capacitor needed to perform such a_ function.
(Well, it LOOKS large, at 500X mag.) The SCLD circuits needed to
control an expansion bank probably would have had the same
function inside. As such, both TS 2068 and its expansion banks
would have gotten their Horizontal Select registers reset ONLY at
Power-Up. That way, if an expansion bank were in control of chunk
0, and a RESET occurred, someone would still be in control.
It turns out that Chapt.5 of the "T/S 2068 Intermediate/
Advanced Guide" (SAMS) has a tutorial on Extended Bank Switching,
which has useful information. Unfortunately, that chapter was
obviously written before the 2068's design cycle was completed,
and a lot of its information has been rendered incorrect by en-
gineering changes in the machine. it shows the old scheme, with
I/O ports FC and FD as bank switching controls, making no mention
of the memory mapped I/O scheme we can see in the TS 2068 code.
It also makes no mention of the Universal Deselect Register, and
the bank switching example given sometimes sends data out in
nybbles, and sometimes as a byte.
Among the more useful gems to be found is the fact that bit
O of a bank's status byte (bit 0 of register AO, to us) would
have been set to 0, if that bank had caused an interrupt. The
"Interrupt Priority", shown in the SYSCON table last time,
affects the final renumbering of the banks. (High priority gives
a low bank number.) This means that if we poll each bank to learn
if it caused an interrupt, starting with bank #1 and working up-
ward, we will have automatically first checked the ones that
demand a fast response.
As a final (and totally unrelated) hardware note, the de-
Signer should use caution in designing a Daisychain circuit.
Since the clock signal is generated Separately by each bank (as I
showed it), the Daisychain flip flops aren't really being clocked
synchronously, as is required for a shift register. This type of
Situation requires the use of master-slave flip flops, or two
flip flops in a master-slave configuration. This will prevent one
flip flop from changing its data before the next one clocks it
in. If all the banks to be used are on the same circuit board
however, only a single clock signal is needed, and synchronous
operation is possible.
Wry Bother FT
This is a reasonable question. With considerable circuit
complexity and ROM bugs galore, reconstructing the thing would
first seem like an exercise in self-punishment. There are already
Simpler expansion schemes available.
As it turns out, this would be a very bad method if all we
wanted was extra memory. We can now buy RAM cards that plug into
the cartridge slot, and one of the available disk systems can
“Switch banks" that overlay one another in the Dock bank. User
group newsletters have published various "RAM in the Dock slot"
methods. (I published one in 1984!) But the level of 2068 soft-
ware being developed today doesn't even make full use of the
machine. Why would we need another way to expand it?
We don't simply need more memory, but we CAN use many of the
undocumented (and presently bug laden) capabilities that are
hidden in the ROM. If you're aware of the stream-and-channels I/O
system tht the 2068 uses, you understand how it's possible to
LOAD in a “print driver" program that redirects the Basic LPRINT
and LLIST commands to a large printer. The 2068 tries to expand
on this "Spectrum-based" theme allowing such print drivers, or
any other software for an intelligent I/O device, to be located
permanently in an expansion bank. These programs would take up
NONE of your Home Bank memory and so wouldn't conflict with any-
thing else running there.
But there's no reason for an I/O device to completely domi-
nate a bank. While the extra memory space could have been taken
i771 647D - F awe registers ‘ted (ech Tle ex head
dia able i afereapt a
TE- 44 “F
4Ad-b4i4~ Sand OO te vegitter BO. (Bask Na mbe-
Avcass 2 @) Since the fewest Expansion
ask wember is Di, makes ture so
En pansion Banks wacenve an Becass
GTAD-64B|-Sen4 dhe invested Mevinents| Select
byte te regal ae. Deselects the chunks
7] Ba i:
é4CF-d407-A clever Git « gicel contortion |
thet give TYo Peet Fa és tha EX WOM
BasE Carly «Ff the bewzestsl cn leck
b, te aay od chunk @ it tht bas, Dlbarsive,
the Perk gets astigned de the Deck bank. |
eer h a e- "age i a7.Cro wrt
e— -
| J648¢-£4F5-Combinn the Hevit Sclect byte with the
present Contes és of Port Ft. All clusks
specified mtte C wegit Cer will be added te
tleia gon teoliad \ the Newe bask, wn Jess
vy rte a) * - # 5 i E :
A-WAFF- Giga Pod F4 = Dek Bank
é500-650F - Give Chank & owe Bask (seems
redundant) wks ca cha!
de the Hone bank iv)
OF 1510-Send the bask sumber to register be Cow,
bSN-E518- Levert the G veqisfler te make the bits
= ihe kde registe. 4 CHewiz Select
D* Restore registers (Enable
Flewchart 2. BANKENABLE mA AM Residevt Coda
26
|Koor TOcdo-Read the a ade ae ti (Dank
ToBD/-WE4- Deceem ent MA BAK (hots, flies b's
Stored) This stark unde fh, arumplie, that dh
Bethan begk te find. |
MODDB-KOBEL- Send dha new *Manimem Bawk Ma=sbkun” bs
registe AQ Ty dhe getup wmode, thes ing balls
lhe bank member inte the bank galected by
the Darsy thar,
YORE |- LORE - Send the nem “Mayenne Bask Member” to
Regist Og CBWA). Mow we can talk de thal
bank's Unique Fagus bers. |
BED-YOBED- Send @@ to regit ler 46 (AS). Disables
all Chunk, Ged fe Femever Gbatevece “Pewee -,
Darbaze” may have bean in the rezistee
JOBEE Save the” “Mapiman Bank A’amben”
WOBEF-YORF]-Alew that the bawk :s Hev:gental Selec?
vegiste has bees “diteeneds we unlock ¢t
the mags ® Cesnaed Ee Speeral baud woe
tates) Jf bri 272 the, t0e bak
ere, beg bye EJ
evs, ond
t=J .
pli de
Reston the momar locadtes Ehed
gol wiped whe we “unlecked® He bank
xota7- Take wen ec SEs hy gorbaye of F the stack
howg- Sel Cy flay —> he wawk reall, eveuts
ocop- RET. : :
XRCA-XKOD-Lestere the memery lecgtie, that 3 ok
wiped whe we “swleked” ¢he bask
|YOdae- Gel back what we Ehenyht war the wen
“mene, baek temban*
MOCOF -TociS- Since the bank did't really enn this
mramben ig owe tee large. Decrement fd and
tere it ai bef, MADR Oe Iman trons
WoC - KOcic- Sad OF te epistles C8. Teesimal cs
the Setsp Mode
NOCID -Ragat CY Flay the bask deeset evist
q = Sf Ta:
Flowehat 4. Tie stalls a bawk a ints the
bank selectes dhe Daisychain. CY tells
wekhee ae wat Eheee's waally & kan k theme
wonr'd—~ = feet te STSCO Table
Or 7-x0Te bh - Inv fishes Maginen Bark # fe DB
jnctre-xoAoi ~ Pond te the LAS aren of SYS" table
|XOsol-XOAim ~Traeslee the 4 LROS ove-bend
bates inte the S¥SCOM Cable
o bates te tae iF es LROS wp present
HOAIC- Marck Ehe LAOS wean 23 In gc éive
YOAIE-TOAIS- Traasfee BARC warkend bates
| inde the SYSCOW table
YOA34-VOAM~Check bytes te See of AROS 13 present
Fresh “expansion bask* i= ST
te Bask Meggtee CO: thew
gtents dhe peter wep =
NOMC- CAL X@BD! ~ Fastells a bank wuwmbeo
imte the begnk Presently selected by tire
‘i im,
poast-yousT- Fit a member Into SYSCOM OL. Tey
bewest Thrts wee the bank member Edie MsB
fg 2, de signify dhad the bust's oct ren umber cd
MOATE-Point te STFCOM C2
KOAST-¥OAGB -Mewe abyte feem lee SOE 7 of new
bank & Geog f ELRKomM bank, THIS Is A
BUG!IN Shoeld ba the ether way arena!
NOAGC-YOATE -Mewe a le (ex) byte block fio. lee OPO)
| of fs pang len, bain be de STSCON OF aed Fal lensing.
: freegest bank ¢g a FAM bank, how dhis iz
grekaye, TF a ROM bask (hese are overhead by ie.
Kouto-youge- Gat SYSCON OZ Lempare it te (¥oea 7),
These shosld definitely match if wy a RAM
bask, & petshl, match by telsctdesce if a hom
bank, Me mahal Jelini bely eevee ROM back,
Howe VER... btcusge ihe theeve rheey denegfee
jas backaaed test ig ereusinglaas.
No4el- Youtg- Meve « begbe firme, lee, CAFE Cmany bank)
to K660¢, ALSOA BUG! bad like abeve
joatB -yoaac - Move lé(bes) byte Meck, jor liked
|XO4AF-YOATI-Compare S¥Scow O2 to (ianeT) B
thet awe oe aval id ds ioaac)
IOA¥4~CALL YOADB - Mark SYSCow 02 wilh the
thonkys ton taining nr, tery tafe byad | ee
Me age Sey = | 4s rut inleck of SYS COW table
10M bank-reset SYSCoM OL Ley
“This byte ts semse My % chanel space ty en,
Cenvcete pt be appee ota,
Lafcé ~ Pend te SY Stow gi
hp -CALL KOCIF -Dusdralite Bask -T peques ted te
KOUDS- yo 4% - Fad Gp al END OF Tae
JeoAD7 - CALL Locr SB =Fosember banks
according te in tereayel peicerties
A Tr
FLOWCHART 4, Build The SYScOM Table
up by something like an interrupt driven printer buffer, it sould
also have been possible to include extra RAM, or utilities in a
ROM. Further banks might have contained a disk operating system,
or spiffed-up versions of the 40/64/80 column display utilities
in the Technical Manual. And they could have been made directly
accessable from Basic! No PEEKs, POKEs, or USR calls should have
been needed.
These things just scratch the surface. The point is that the
expansion banks, and some extra BEU circuitry similar in function
to Sinclair's Interface One for the Spectrum, would have easily
extended the TS 2068's repertoire of Basic commands to handle
some very nifty 1/0 functions, and they'd have been immediately
available when you powered up your machine. We'll begin a dis-
cussion of the 2068's I/O system and extended commands later on.
Until then, keep in mind that this is where the extended bank
switching system would have really made the 2068 shine!
Taking Ca re OF Old Business
Let's first consider Flowchart 2, which describes the BANK
ENABLE routine in the RAM Resident Code. To use this, we would
first put the bank number in B, and the Horizontal Select byte we
want for the bank in the C register. This will work for the
standard banks and expansion banks both. No one really uses it
for the standard banks at the moment; it's a lot easier to pro-
gram the standard banks directly. As we'll see, that's not the
case if there are any expansion banks in the system.
At 64A2, we check if there are any expansion banks. If there
are, we run some code to deselect the chunks specified from any
expansion bank that might have them. Note that if mo expansion
bank has them, this can't hurt, and if we're about to give the
chunks to a bank that already has them, this momentary loss won't
be noticed. At 6487, we check if it's the Dock bank we're
selecting. If so, we program it directly, and we're done.
If not, we check if we're selecting the EXROM bank. If so,
we pretty much do the same thing, except the code only allows us
to give chunk 0 to that bank. Remember, that's the only chunk
originally intended to be used there.
If it's not the EXROM bank, then it's either the home bank
or an expansion bank. In either case, it doesn't hurt to try to
give it to the home bank, because an expansion bank will override
this if it has to. We do this at 64EC. The code from 64F6 to 6505
appears benign, but useless.
At 6506, we see if we were selecting the Home Bank. If so,
then we're done. Otherwise, we send the bank number to register
80 (Bank Number Access), and the the Horizontal Select infor-
mation to register 40. And that's that.
Flowchart 3 is a bit of an embarassment, because it refer-
ences that incorrect "unlock" scheme I asked you to forget. (You
don't remember, I hope.) My explanation will correct two errant
lines in it. Since I first thought this routine controlled
special hardware, it was mentioned last time. Unfortunately it
doesn't, and now it would be more appropriate if I first describe
the routine that CALLS it. That's the routine that builds the
SYSCON table.
Daddy, Where Do SYSCONsas Come FromT
Well, we're mature enough in ovr understanding of bank
switching that we know that the stork does NOT bring them! The
high level initialization routine (Flowchart 1, in Part 1 of this
series) CALLs the routine to build the table. Shown here in Flow-
chart 4, it works as follows.
We start by pointing to the SYSCON table and assuming there
are no expansion banks (we'll update this assumption if and when
we find some.) We then transfer the 4 LROS bytes into the SYSCON
table. (TM 5.1.1 explains these bytes.) If no LROS is present,
the & AROS overhead bytes are transferred (see TM 5.1.2). In
either case, if the device wasn't present, its space is marked to
show it inactive. The “bug” described in TM 6.1.4 can be cor-
rected by having the JR at XOAIA go to XOAIE, if no LROS is
present.
At XOA3E, we point to the SYSCON space for the first ex-
pansion bank and enter the setup mode. In this mode, anything
written to register AO will become the Assigned Bank Number of
the bank selected by the Daisychain. Also, during the bank in-
itialization, the HL register is always supported to point to the
SYSCON location we're working with.
At XOA4C, we CALL routine that tries to install a bank
number, checks to see if it succeeded, and ends the setup mode,
if not. Returning from that routine, if we've run out of banks,
we leave the setup loop to XOAD4, mark the end of the SYSCON
table, and CALL a routine that RE-ASSIGNS the bank numbers,
according to their value in SYSCON 17. This is called the In-
terrupt Priority.
[Editor: WOW! Wes, we ran out of space already! And just when
Was getting good. We will all have to hold on to our hats
next issue! ]
it
"til
TONE/PHONE 20687 2. 5. ~2r.0 Peuieen
No, this is not about modems...this is about using the TS
2068's sound chip to have a little fun. We leave it to the
individual as to how enthusiastic one's fun becomes.
What we plan on doing here is simulating the tones produced
by a touch tone type phone. Each button or key on a tone phone
produces two tones when it is pressed. Since the 2068 has three
channels of sound on the sound chip (plus another if you include
the BEEP command), we easily have enough equipment to do the job.
In order to find out what tones are used I had to do some
investigation. Luckily, a friend of mine at the plant where I
work was taking an electronics course, and had a book at home
that contained the information...and so, we're in business.
The diagram shows the layout of a standard tone phone key-
pad. To the left of each row of numbers is the frequency for one
of the two tones produced by that number key on the phone. At the
bottom of each column is the frequency for the other tone pro-
duced by that key. For example, if you press the "1" key on a
phone it simultaneously produces a tone at a frequency of 697 and
a tone at the frequency of 1209.
What we need to find is the coarse/fine values for the tone
registers of the sound chip. On page 194 of the TS 2068 User
Manual is a short program just for this purpose. A little
rounding of numbers is required to get the values that
reasonably close to producing the tones we need.
come
2848 PRINT "Press D to dial*
aeé2 GO TO 2a62¢+CINKEVSe="d*)
2658 SOUND 7.68: FOR d=ii7 TO 126
2652 IF dt(F)(d)e*=" THHEN GO TO 2675
2655 IF déiFi(¢d)=e" * THEN GO TO 288
2657 LET neVAL (4607) (d)): PRINT fi: GO SUB 28604n
2658 GO TO 2e78
2840 SOUND B,1509.1588.11611.82:2.8213.0: RETURN
2641 SOUND 6,.1527-21518,15411,0812-0:3.8: RETURN
ZBé2 SOUND 8.1587.1518-154601,012,8213.8: RETURN
2643 SOUND 8,.15:7-15:8,15411.012.76:3.8: RETURN
26464 SOUND 8.15:9.1510.14211-+0:12.90:3.08: RETURN
2645 SOUND 86.15:9.15:80.14251.0:2.82:13.8: RETURN
2846 SOUND 8.15717 1518+1462:1,812,7413.8: RETURN
2647 SOUND 8.1579.15:50.,12811,.012.70:3.8: RETURN
2848 SOUND 8.15:9.,1510-12611-.0:2.82:3.8: RETURN
2649 SOUND 8.15:9.151:0,12811+0:2.74:3.0: RETURN
2870 PAUSE 18: SOUND 6.0:;7.@: PAUSE 1
Z2e75 KHEXT a
2860 RETURN
Once this is done, a short subroutine like the one in the
listing can be written to simulate tone dialing. The example
listing is based on the assumption that it is part of an address
book type file. In this case, the file is stored in a string
array--d$—-whose DIMensions are something like 75 different files
each 128 characters long [DIM d$(75,128)]. The phone numbers are
stored starting at the 117th character in each file.
Let's review the listing: Line 2850 executes the command to
open the sound chip channels, A and B, and sets up the FOR/NEXT
loop for reading the phone number off the file. Lines 2852 and
2855 skip over characters which are not numerals, but are usually
found in phone numbers. Line 2857 figures which line further
below to call based on the number it is "reading" and calls it
(GO SUB 2860+n). Lines 2860 thru 2869 do the actual execution of
the tones. The last digit of the line number corresponds to the
number of the telephone key which is being simulated. Line 2870
off the tones and gives a proper break (silence) between the
current and next tones. Line 2880 ends the subroutine and RETURNs
you to your main program.
WARNING: You should not use this on your phone as your 2066
in not FCC approved for use as telephone dialing equipment. This
is merely for simulation and fun. You certainly don't want the
boys from Washington knocking on your door.
Enjoy your Tone/Phone 2068!
SIMPLY MCSIC
ey 5S.
10 REM S880 Rae aE TERT e22
Simply Music
(c) by S D Lemke
Lemke Software Development
2144 White Oak
Wichita, Kes. 67207
PERS SES ELSES SEC EP SSE S Pee eee tse:
=-0 PAPER 1: BORDER 1: INK 7: Cc
LS + PRINT AT 10,73 FLASH 1: “PRE
PARING SCORE": GO SUB 8000
=O LET p=0: LET vwb=13: LET vs=
iS: LET va*i3: LET g=0: GO SUB 5
oo
40 LET bi=0: LET di=0:
o
50 LET b=0: LET d=0: LET f=0
60 LET beb—1i: LET d=d-1: LET #
=f=1
7O IF INKEYS<>"" THEN GO SUB
200
75 IF q THEN FRINT AT 10, 15;"
75
76 IF NOT q THEN PRINT AT 10,
LS; "'?*
77 LET q=NOT q
BO IF b¢=0 AND p THEN 38,0
85 IF b¢=0 THEN LET bl=bi+1:
LET best(1,3,61): LET sv=ve: IF «
(1,1,b61)=0 THEN LET sv=0
70 IF d<=0 AND p THEN 39,0
935 IF d<=0 THEN LET di=di+1:
LET d=s(2,3,d1)2 LET av=va: IF s
(2,1,01)=0 THEN LET av=0
100 IF #<=0 AND p THEN 310,0
105 IF #<=0 THEN LET #1=1+41:;
LET #=g(3,3,#1)1 LET bvevb: IF s
(3,1,#1)=0 THEN LET bv=0
110 IF bitni OR disn2 OR fiSn2
THEN GO TO 4006
12030,5¢1,1,b1);1,s(1,2,b1);2,s
(2,1,01)33,8(2,2,4d1);4,5(3,1,#1)
j5,8(3,2,41)5;68,sv;9,av;10,bv: GO
TO 60
LET f1i=
i950 REM Adjust Settings
200 LET it=INKEYS: IF if="" THE
NW RETURN
210 IF if=*B" OR itf="b" THEN L
ET vwboevb+l: IF wb>15 THEN LET v
b=0
220 IF i@=*A" OF if="*a" THEN L
ET wa'vatils IF vwa>15 THEN LET v
a=0
220 IF it="S" OR if]="s" THEN L
ET vweeveti:t [IF we>i5 THEN LET wv
2=0
240 IF i$="S" OR if="s" THEN FP
RINT AT 12,0; "SOPRANO "sAT 12
eO8;vezAT 12,123: FOR i=1 TO ws:
PRINT PAPER Ss" “g: NEXT i: FOR
deve TO 15: PRINT PAPER 1;" “;
: NEXT i
250 IF igf="A" OR if="a" THEN FP
RINT AT 14,0; "ALTO ";AT 14
»B:varAT 14,133: FOR i=1 TO var
PRINT PAPER &6:" “3:2: NEXT it FOR
itva TO 15: PRINT PAPER 13% “3
: NEXT i
260 IF if="B" OR iS="b" THEN PF
RINT AT 16,0; "BASE "SAT 14,
Bsvb;AT 14,123: FOR i=1 TO vb: P
RINT PAPER 23" “3: NEXT i: FOR
i=evb TO iS: FRINT PAPER 13° “;3
NEXT i
270 IF if="P" OR if="p5" THEN L
ET p=NOT pt PRINT AT 18,0; "Phras
ing is “; ("not “ AND p); "Legato.
280 RETURN
40038,0;9,0;10,0: PRINT #0;AT 1
sot"FPress any Key to Continue. ":
PAUSE 0: GO SUB 500: GO TO 46
S00 CLS : PRINT AT 3,8;"Simply
Rusic™: PRINT AT &4,0;t#: LET it=
*S"1 GO SUB 2401 LET if#*A*: GO
SUB 250: LET it="B": GO SUB 240
510 FRINT AT 20,0; "Press 5 for
SOPRANO, A for ALTO B for E
ASE, F for PHRASING*
20 FRINT AT 18,0: "Frrasing is
";("not " AND p); "Legato. ™
530 PRINT #0; INVERSE 1;" Fress
*"ENTER"" to Start Song. ”
540 GO SUB 200: IF if<>CHR® if
THEN GO TO 340
SSO PRINT #0;AT 0,0; TAB 31;" “;
TAB 31;" *: RETURN
8000 DIN s(t,3,400)130,0;1,0;2,0
15,0; 7,56;6,0;7,0; 10,0; 11,50; 12,
120;13,10
68001 RESTORE 8100: READ t#: READ
mit FOR imi TO mit FOR j=l TO 3
s READ s(1,j,4): NEXT j: NEXT i
oO. L_emk &
8002 RESTORE 8110: READ n?:
i=1 TO mz: FOR j=i TO 3:
2psnidt NEXT Jt WEXT i
8003 RESTORE 6120: READ nz: FOR
i=1 TO nd: FOR je-1 TO 3: READ at
S,jJ,4)2 NEXT j: NEXT i
6OO4 DATA 0,192,532, 14,460,40,40,2
35,0,13,4,8,60,40,40,255
6005 RESTORE 8004: FOR i=0 TO 15
' READ b: POKE USK “a“+i,b: NEXT
i
8006 RETURN
80978 REM
FOR
READ st
Canon in D
by Pachebel
8099 REM
8100 DATA "
S0FRANO
Canon in D
by Pacheb
e1",56,119,1,8,245,1,8,170,1,8,8
4,2,8,51,2,8,259,2,6,51,2,5,245,
1,8,74,0,6,84,0,8,74,0,8, 77,0,8,
112,0,8,125,0,8,112,0,8,99,0,8,7
4,0,8,84,0,8,74,0,8,997,0,8,112,0
78, 125,0,8,112,0,8,79,0,8
8101 DATA 74,0,8,684,0,8,74,0,8,7
7,0,6,112,0,68,125,0,8,112,0,6, 99
»o,8,74,0,8,84,0,8,94,0,8,97,0,8
2112,0,8,125,0,6,112,0,8,99,0,8
8102 DATA 74,0,8,84,0,8,74,0,8,7
7,0,6,112,0,6, 125,0,8,112,0,8,99
»9,8,74,0,8,64,0,8,74,0,8,99,0,8
7 112,0,68,125,6,8,112,0,8,99,0, 20
B1l09 REM ALTO
68110 DATA 126,119,1,8,245,1,6,19
0,1,8,84,2,8,51,2,8,2397,2,8,51,2
»6,245,1,8,119,1,8,245,1,6,190,1
»8,84,2,8,51,2,8,239,2,8,51,2,8,
245,1,8,94,0,8,997,0,8,112,0,8,12
3,0,6,141,0,8,1497,0,8,141,0,8,14
7,0,8
8111 DATA 74,0,4,125,0,4,99,0,4,
125,0,4,112,0,4,149,0,4,125,0,4,
1497,0,4,141,0,4,168,0,4,149,0,4,
168,0,4,141,0,4,1688,0,4,147,0,4,
141,0,4,74,0,2,125,0,2,94,0,2,12
3,9,2,979,0,4,125,0,4,74,0,2,149,
0,2,112,0,2,149,0,2,125,6,4,149,
0,4,112,0,2,188,0,2,141,0,2, 1868,
0,2,149,0,4,188,0,4,112,0,2, 188,
0,2,141,0,2,188,0,2,147,0,4,141,
0,4
6112 DATA 74,0,2,125,0,2,94,0,2,
125, 0,2,84,0,2, 125, 0,2, 99,0, 2, 12 |
5,0,2,94,0,2,149,0,2,112,0,2, 149
»O,2,797,0,2,1497,0,2,125,0, 27,149,
O, 2,112, 0,2, 188,0,2,141,0,2, 188,
0,2,125,0,2,188,0,2,149, 0,2, 188,
0,2,112,0,2, 188, 0,2, 141,0,2, 188,
0,2, 99,0, 2, 147, 0,2, 125,0,2, 141,0
2
.
B11 DATA 94,0,2,125,0,2,94,0,2,
125,0,2, 99,0, 2,125,0,2, 99,0, 2, 12
S,0,2,112,0,2,149,0,2,112,0,2,14
7,0,2,125,0,2,1497,0,2,125,0,2, 14
7,0,2,141,0,2, 168,0,2,141,0,2,18
6,0,2,149,0,2, 188,0,2,149,0,2,18
6,0,2,141,0,2, 165,0,2,141,0,2,18
8,0,2,125,0,2, 167, 0,2, 125, 0,2, 14
1,0,14
6119 REM BASE
8120 DATA 54,119,1,8,245,1,8,190 |
,1,6,64,2,6,51,2,8,239,2,8,51,2,
8,64,2,6,51,2,8,259,2,6,51,2,8,2
45,1,8,119,1,8,245,1,8,190,1,8,8
4,2,8,51,2,8,229,2,8,51,2,8, 245,
1,8
B121 DATA 119,1,8,245,1,8,190,1,
8,64,2,8,51,2,8,237,2,8,51,2,8,2 |
45,1,6,119,1,8,245,1,8,190,1,8,8
4,2,8,51,2,8,2397,2,8,51,2,8,245,
1,8,119,1,8,245, 1,8, 190,1,8,84,2
»8,51,2,8,239,2,8,51,2,8,245,1,8
B122 DATA 119,1,8,245,1,8,190,1,
8,64,2,8,51,2,8,239,2,8,51,27,8,2
45,1,8,119,1,8,245,1,8,190,1,8,8
4,2,6, s1,2; 6,237, 2,48, si »=,8, 245,
1,8,119,1,8,245,1,8,190,1,8,84,2
»8,51,2,8,239,2,8,51,2,8,245,1,2
o
9999 SAVE “Simply M" LINE 1
SIMPLY MUSIC is an all Basic program that uses the three
SOUND channels of the TS 2068 to create music. Each
"volce" can
* SMART TEXT TsS-206s x
“gives you the prettiest letters that
you'll ever see from a computer. It's DATA
BASE lets you edit and move data at will.
It's MAIL MERGE lets you create or LOAD mail
list files for PERSONAL FORM LETTERS.
HEADERS, FOOTERS, BLOCK INDENT, Repeat Print
reports, do invoices, outlines, AUTO
LETTERHEADS, AUTO SIGN OFF! A complete
ADMINISTRATIVE PACKAGE for home or office.
$39.95 Check or H/0. Fost Paid.
Specify type of Interface, and for
Cassette, Micro Dr, or AERCO FD Disk.
Supports all printers. 70 page illustrated
manual, plus Phone info service.
Guaranteed.
Bill Jones, Gulf Micro Electronics,
1317 Stratford Ave, Panama City, FL 32404.
904-871-4513 Inquiries welcome.
Lio a
BS Fesacoiution
ate ee a } Graphics =
_Lolossts
ta) Welcome
Home
EA ndMSie
at" it’s
Teudtsi edeyte
cirt!
COLOSSUS is a graphics-banner program. Now you can mix
banner-size TEXT with banner-size graphic PICTURES.
Route your graphic banner to the 2040 thermal Printer or a
full size printer (you must supply your own customized
Zprint-80 printer driver code.)
Specifications;
Banner size: 24 rows a 102d coniinecus columns
(32 screens long!)
Font Typer Standard Moder, Italics, Bold,
Load Font (Chancery included)
Font Size: fa, 162, and 24 2 normal
Scrolling
Banner
Program
Functions: Scroll Forward / Backward
Insert’ Delete Columns
InsertDelete Rows
Copy/ Erase Segment
Load/Save Banner Dota
32 Sereen, Low Res Animation
Output: 240 Printer
Pull Size Printer (Z-Print £0
Printer driver required!)
(Print from any column!)
Se sic
Bboan
be adjusted before and while the music is playing {although the
music is interupted while the adjustment is made). Phrasing can
be selected as Legato (smooth), or not smooth. A tiny metronome
ticks off the beats while the music plays.
The program creates a “musical score" by READing in values
from DATA statements. Each tone consists of three pacts, a FINE
TUNE value, a COARSE TUNE value, and the duration (in beats). See
chapt.21 of the 2068 User Manual. Note durations are all rela-
tive, but in the present song, a WHOLE note gets 8 beats, a HALP
note gets 4, a QUARTER note gets 2, and an EIGHTH note gets 1
beat. RESTS are input as O (zero). The MUSICAL SCORE begins with
the DATA statement in line 8100. First is a title (in quotes).
The first number is the number of notes played by this voice.
Voice 1 in this case is the Soprano voice. The second number
(119) is the FINE tune value, the third value (1) is the COARSE
tune value, and the fourth number is the duration of the first
tone, 8 beats, a whole note. The following numbers continue to
define the musical score of voice one. Line 8110 starts the
musical score of voice two. The first number defines the number
of tones (and rests) played by this voice. This is followed by
the values that define these tones. Line 8120 starts the musical
score for the third voice.
This particular arrangement of "CANON IN D" starts with all
three voices in harmony, and it sounds as if there is only one
voice. After a few bars, the second voice appears, and a short
time later, the third. Though simple, the music is effective!
Listing notes: Lines 75 and 76 each have a "?" in quotes,
These are UDG "A" and "B" characters respectively. These are the
tiny metronome defined in lines 8004 and 8005. Lines 80, 90,
100, 120, 400, and 8000 all have “brackets" in them. This is
really the Basic SOUND command, and must be typed with the key-
word SOUND. About the only way to debug this song, is to listen
as it plays and seek out the "kinks". When you INPUT data from a
printed score, you can actually follow the music one voice at a
time and find your errors. If the program plays too slow, it can
be speeded up by deleting lines 70 to 77. Lf you want only Legato
(smocth), delete lines 80, 90, and 100 also. SAVE the program to
tape after you have typed it in by “RUMing 9999". The program
will auto-run when it loads. "PREPARING SCORE" will flash on the
screen as the DATA is read. When completed, you will be able to
adjust the voices by pressing "S" for Soprano (voice 1), "A" for
Alto (voice 2), and “B" for Bass (voice 3). Press "P" to change
the phrasing. Press "ENTER" to play the song.
28
Get your copy of Colossws (only $19.95 ppd!) from:
Lemke Software Development
2144 White Oak
Wichita, KS 67207
oe,
Gs
The FootePrint
Printer Interface
® for Centronics parallel printers
® works in both 2068 and Spectrum mode
* compatible with OS5-64 & Spectrum emulators
* EPROM socket and on/off switch on board
© works with both Tasman and Aercodriver software
® plugs into cartridge dock—door completely
closes with cable running back under computer
® frees up rear edge connector allowing other
peripherals to be used; less chance of a crash
* print driver software for LPRINT, LLIST, and
COPY included for 2068 and Spectrum modes
FootePrint Interface w/software & cable .$45° |
FootePrint with OS-64 option included . 65°
Bare board & instructions only ..... save hl 50
Cable only for use with bare board ....... $1509 |
All prices are pre-paid and include shipping charges.
FOOTE 2%, SOFTWARE
P. O. Box 14655 — Gainesville, FL 32604
904/462-1086 (6 pm -9 pm EDT)
Now at last...
O
Ultra-Easy Designer Graphics
by Paul Bingham
The large and warm response to the ULTRA-EASY DESIGNER
GRAPHICS Program for the 2068 (which appeared in the July/August
1986 issue of Time Designs attests to the many 2068 users
yearning for ways to use UDGs effectively. Many sent listings of
enhancements they had added, some sent tapes, one wrote to say
he had been looking for this program for a long, long time and
wished I had written it sooner. ‘Truth is, so do I! I think all
this renewed interest in our 2068's graphic programming abil-
ities is great.
In the first article I made mention, "that there were only
21 of them,"--UDGs that is. Well, as things turn out I was wrong
again! So what appears here is some new program lines to soup up
the old version 1.0 so it will do 115 UDGs at a whack instead of
just 21. I call it "SON OF UDG".
Now if you crack your 2068 manual open to page 262 you will
find the name CHARS listed. By reading the content note you will
discover that by altering the address in CHARS we can set up an
alternate table of letters and symbols in RAM and the 2068 will
use them instead. How exciting! New symbols, new fonts, new
graphics--its all possible. CHARS covers the Character set
starting with the space (code 32) and through to the copyright
symbol (code 127). This is in diference to an article on fonts I
just read in SWN. The entire set is not pointed to by CHARS,
only CHRS codes 32 through 127.
Check the listing of these characters in the manual's
Appendix B (page 240 and on). Now lets experiment. Type in the
short Listing #1. This looks in the table in ROM and lists the
values for each of the eight bytes which comprise each char-
acter. Character #124 and #126 list eight bytes the same as_ the
rest, but the manual states they are STICK and FREE. What the
table lists produces a vertical bar symbol and a reverse quote,
just like the SPECTRUM. But elsewhere in the ROM, the 2068
ignors this and prints STICK or FREE...two commands the SPECTRUM
does not have. Because of this fluke "SON OF UDG" ignors #124
and #126 as well, so as not to cause problems.
Figure l
120=0,0,638,42,16,40,63,2,
121=0,0,68,68,68,60,4,56,
122=0,0,124,8,16, 252,124, 0,
123=0,14,8,48,8,6,14,8,
12420,8,8, S°3/8's. Qo,
125=0,112,16,12,16,16,112,2,
126=0,20,49,0,0,8,6,0,
127=60,66,153,161,161,153,66,60,
Figure 2
1 136 2127531554156uDG:
110M
1116
1112p
1139
1idr
Liss
13161
iifu
1i18v
1icSw
i120x
i12i1y
12e2z
iz3t
1e4-
iz5;
iz6-
127= 1625
addr:i6z
6S464164de@
PF Cu
SUATH
SAVE
CODES
3
a
3
=)
3
a
3
ager eo
730
SaP1904
81i0i1d1e
B2R1def
6351039
S47 id4n
| 8SU1asi
86V106 j
B7W1id7k
BSax1a3l
ao7v13om
i6i®
2Q
The program keeps track of what CHARS is set to at any
given time, but in your own programs you must change the con-
tents back to the original values before, say breaking or
listing. If you don't every symbol will become total gibberish.
In that case try POKEs to put things as they were: 23606 should
be 0 and 23607 should be 60. In the program GOSUB 610 will per-
form the same service.
The "SON OF UDG" program uses all the same keys
original plus the “a" key which is a screen toggle. One
old graphic work slate, the other is a current list of 115
Characters (see Fig.2). You will be asked upon switching screens
if you will be returning or wish the work slate's contents dis-
played. This is so if you toggled in mid-stream to check some-
thing that your current efforts won't be obliterated. SAVE and
LOAD have also been modified to proper size for all 115.
In order to get your old listing up to "SON OF UDG" status
you will need to do the following:
1. DELETE lines 10 thru 20, 36 thru 39, 43 thru 110
=20 thru S20, 7010 thru 97050, 9095 thru 97120, 9220
as the
is the
thru 9225, line 25, and line 200
2» Alter "65368, 1597" in lines 28 & 29 to "64598, 9741"
Ss. Alter "20" in line 190 to "750"
4. Alter line 9060 by removing "PAPER 5S:" command
=
Alter line 1 to include "SON OF" so you know later
é.
Add all the lines of Listing #2
And thats all there is to it! You are of course welcome to
make any alterations or enhancements you wish to the program
(Several found grids on the work slate to be helpful last time,
for example)...and feel free to send ideas and comments to me
also. If you would like a complete listing of the entire "SON OF
UDG" program the way it is supposed to look, just mail a dollar
and I'll send you one. Write Paul Bingham, P.O. Box 2034, Mesa,
AZ 85204. (If you're not up to typing, I will send copies of
the complete program on tape for $5.)
Listing l
1 REM
18
‘pe
30
40
2063 CHRS Table Peeker
FOR f=32 TO i127: PRINT f;"=
FOR t=f284i1526e@ To
PRINT PEEK t:",
NEXT t: PRINT
F#8+1536
NEXT Ff
Listing 2
ps CLEAR 64597: GO SUS eae:
FR =15616 TO i6384: PCKE
3) ‘PEER 1: NEXT t:
O 65525: READ o:
t: FLASH @: CLS :
0 ‘Bo, gs DATA. 8,08,63,252,252,
£4
22 DIM K(257): OIM cla): FOR t
21 TO 4: LET cit) s32: NEXT t: DI
d(32): OIM u(2a): LET ese7: LE
at=s7:; LET px=S: LET pysi: INPU
“Press ENTER to continue...";h
GO TO i185
25 GO Tc 350
36 LET LET qx =@:
af LET LET qx zi:
car LET s2i7: LET ax =6:
a" LET s=25: LET Qx2i:
42 INPUT "“Zsi:";c1);" 2nd: ";¢
(2);" Ord: ";,c(3);," 4th: "j;¢c (4)
43 IF ci=8303 THEN GO SUB 358:
GO SUB 609: PRINT AT @,1;CHRS c
(1) ;,;CHRS cCi2);AT 3,3;CHRS$ ci3i;c
HR$ ci(4): GO SUB 6108: FOR t=6 TO
18 STEP 4: PRINT AT @,t;ct14+(t-
5) 7/4): WEXT t: PAPER 1: RETURN
FO
(t+4898
FOR t=65526 T
POKE 1,0: NEAT
; SUB S015: G
e4a4tw
$=]:
&=0:
GO TO 41
GO TO 41
GO TO 4
GO TO 4
44 FOR t=1 TO 4: IF ti=2 THEN S : 9550 BRIGHT i: LET a=za: =1
eens es ee ee ;CHRS e: Go $05 (620. RETURN oT “OR 5 eeenate
+4: GO S25 PRINT AT 20, 7 9560 LET j=19: GO SUB 9500: LI
2O T =e: oy = ¥
46 IF ¢(t).143 THEN LET haicit 9o8nt ok “Se ioe) ee ee . BalsHt 6: BETiRn °° | PAPER
)-144)48+655368: GO TO 63 S35 IF e€:70 THEN LET ox=6: LET S600 INPUT “Returning to current
47 LET h=(c i(t)}-32) 43+64598 gy=48: GO To sso work? ";ng$: IF ng<>"n" THEN PAP
ated FOR m=h TO h+7: LET ai1=PEEK S40 IF ©4908 THEN LET gx=10: LET ER 7: Go Sus S20: LET tx=5: LET
ae : ‘ 9y=68: GO To 5é6e tyel: FOR t=1 To 256: GO TO 9602
ar FOR g=8 TO 1 STEP -1: LET a S45 IF e<110 THEN LET gx=14: LE 9691 GO To sées
isaive: IF INT 31<a1 THEN PAPER T gu=88: GO To Sse S602 IF INT (ATTR (ty,tx) 48) «97
Sr steiur'sat ange gg Mo) + TSBBTER edb orheg ter axaso: ve SRN PETE it}zd "a0 ¥6 8068
Se: eee a T gy=108: 7" 360. -
65 PAPER 7: PRINT AT y1,x149;C eke LET evens, cet euates 9605 LET tx=tx41: IF tx»20 THEN
HR$_ 125; * » eaoeine 56@ PRINT AT 21,16;1;AT_@,6+INT LET txsS: LET ty=ty+i
66 NEXT 9: LET ylsyiti: NEXT m (s/8)44;" “J AT 8,64INT (578) 4 da ae iklce
p . =) L Ci=9000: )
123 GO SUB 9008: GO sUB ss2a ait 0058, S00: oe aes oe bhas : HT 8: FOR t=O)
$ €;AT 9u-e,9x;CHRS RP 5S: PAPER 5S: BRIGHT @: FOR t=a
105 PAPER 1: PRINT AT cs,26;" “ €: GO SUB 6i@- RETURN TO 21: PRINT AT t,9;”
2 PAPER 7: PRINT RT cs,26,CHRS 1 60@ POKE 23605,85: PCKE 236297,2 “: NEXT t ;
64: IF ci=9690 THEN GO SUB Soca: 9610 LET bb=@: LET xp=32:
Go To 110 ee he ne a =49: LET wp=28: LET beet G0 sus
hg hg ora ee. ore parame iret selena
: ; Ont : | xp=5@: LET yp=69
_ if CODE INKEYS=S1 THEN LET’ cs = . Ree THEN GO SUS cies p=43: LET xt=4: GO sip e720
ee 790 IF ci=¢909 AN = - = LET xp2e2/0@: LET yp=s89: LET w
yg02, IF CODE INKEYs=97 THEN GO $ ior ta 548 She OG nen scat mee p26s: LET xt=8: 60 SUB S720
= ‘oo = H : => ‘ UL
218 GO TO 105 i 795 RETURN P=83: LET xt=12: GO SUB 9720
35@ PAPER 7: IF ci=9@00 THEN PR S0@ FLASH 1: PRINT AT 17,8; "jes S650 LET xp=i@d: LET yp=i@9: LET
ANT ne O33 | 7A €,6; 7 oe ght emenet!": RETURN Xt=ll: GO SUB 9720
@,10;" _";AT @,44;° ;AT 0,18 S808 GO SUB 9015; INPUT “Display pe + i a gt Le A
pe GE Sai ;AT 21,16; previous work? “;ng: IF n$<¢>" jwpsies: LET xt=i6: G0 SUB S722
: RETURN : THEN LET tx=S: LET ty=1: FOR t= 9670 LET xp=i44: LET yp=i64: LET
362 FOR m=21 TO 24: GO SUB m: N 1 TO 256: GO TO See2 wp=i43: LET xt=21: LET bb=1: 60
EXT m: RETURN 9701 RETURN SUS s720
see FOR hex TO Sirians Gan Meee 9003 IF kit)=1 THEN PAPER ®@: PRI Ee eee S: tie art
t: NEXT h: RETURN A oe one Hi Ge 2607 Peren 7: © 16,25)" “iAT 16,18;"- “jAT 18,19
410 INPUT "“CHRS Number (cH) as _s ge05 PRINT AT ty, tx: CHRS 125 = “SAT @,0;"2° 3"; AT 1,0; "2
torage: “;¥v¥n: IF VnosSl AND Yh¢ R=tx41: FP tx>20@ THEN 7 eke
AND vn<>led AND vni>226 OR vn>d LET tx=S5: LET ty=ty41 eA hee ioe. BR tc saT
43 AND vn<i6S THEN LET e=vn: GO S@11 NEXT t: GO SUB 34: RETURN “4: PRINT AT 3,0; “Ca: “ "AT 2, 21;
aa: ~¥iteest ehttys~ohis S015 LET ci=96@0: BCROER 1: PAPE UDG: "“; AT 28,16; "addr:”: PAPE 5.
ENTER’ - vs: GO TO 410 bbe. RS: GERICGHT i: FOR t=@ TO 21: PR BRIGHT @: PRINT AT a1, 16; ' ‘63563
ad 2¥5: se ‘ INT AT 1.8; ‘AT @,1:; -AT 1,
420 IF €9127 THEN LET j=INT (s. NEXT 1 otee ehchicr o) RETR
vd og a LET 31 =65560+5 2u sane PAPER = BRIGHT Oo 9720 FOR z=xp TO up: LET aa=z-wp
: = BRIGHT @: FOR t= . BI — T
Ort AdnGee LET wre =o1 oe . mrs s eae 5: BRIGHT bb: PRINT AT a
= : gree OR t=@ TO 21: PR an Steen |
430 LET russ: FOR t=i TO i+7: P INT AT 1,27; “: NEXT t as. pee pees fa Aegggr Baad BE
OKE t.dtru): LET fusrud¢i: NEXT t 9540 BRIGHT 32: PRINT AT @,27;' geo ; sir i ami "
435 PAPER 7: IF ci=9@00 THEN GO ASE"; AT 7,27; “SWATH”; AT 8,27; ri a a ts
TO 530 VE “IAT 9,27; "CODES"IAT 19027; "5 | i ws
S08 LET kisi: LET f=e: FOR h=18 TORE’; AT 21,27; “PRINT”
+i TO 21: GO SUB 68@: PRINT AT h
»11;,CHRS €;AT h,23;CHRS fF: GO SU
610: PRINT AT h,13; hi; AT h,1i9;
;: PAPER 5S: BRIGHT 1: PRINT
;; PAPER 7: BRIGHT G@: LET ki=khi+
3: LET fef+i: NEXT fh
SOS IF CODE CHR§$ e=124 OR CODE
CHRS €=126 THEN RETURN
510 GO SUB 609: FOR h=19 TO 21:
PRINT AT h,Jj+1:;CHRS €: NEXT h
edit
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T/S
MODEM-ing
If you have spent any time on a local Bulletin Board
System, you will have certainly found the mighty, but humble,
TS 2068 in the minority. I have had the occasion to offer BASIC
programs to fulfill a few BBS users' requests. However, Sinclair
BASIC is incompatible with other computer BASICs. With the help
of BASIC2text, one can upload a Sinclair BASIC program via MTERM
II to another brand of computer. On the receiving end, the re-
ceiver can print out the text/program and key it into their
computer, making needed alterations. Some computers can compile
a text file into BASIC format, allowing some receivers to simply
tailor the text file to their system requirements without having
to key in the program.
Sinclair BASIC is stored in the machine using many control
codes (number slugs, floating point numbers, line length, ect.)
and single codes for Tokens (IF, THEN, GO TO, ect.). BASIC2text
will remove any non-ASCII control codes and expand the Tokens to
their full ASCII equivalents.
To use BASIC2Ztext, first LOAD a BASIC program, set RAMTOP
to 64900 (CLEAR 64899), then LOAD in the machine code version of
BASIC2text (LOAD "BASIC2text"CODE 64900). BASIC2text is run in
two separate steps. PRINT USR 64909 will move the actual BASIC
program to high memory, allowing room to build the text file.
When this step is complete, a message will appear on the screen
prompting you to Press Any Key to reset memory. RAMTOP will be
raised to 28416, protecting the area for the text file. The
screen will black out and the copyright message will appear. The
machine is now ready to translate the moved BASIC into a text
file (use PRINT USR 65042). The program will now convert
Sinclair BASIC to an ASCII text file starting at 28416. When the
translation is complete, a message will appear on the screen
providing information on the start of the text file and its
length. Follow the prompts to SAVE a copy to tape. IMPORTANT
NOTE: Both routines must be called with the PRINT USR...not the
commonly used RANDOMIZE USR. This will insure that the messages
will appear on the screen.
To send the text file via MTERM II, load MTERM's buffer
with the text file. I prefer to use LOADER IV. If the length of
the text file is larger than the buffer area, it should be saved
in two parts, allowing two smaller text files to be loaded and
sent separately via MTERM.
BONUS: I have two different printer-drivers for a full-size
printer, both of which do not faithfully reproduce a BASIC
listing. By using the text file produced by BASIC2text, a
faithful copy of the listing can be sent to a full-size printer.
Set the driver's margin to 32 characters wide, and use the
following BASIC program to print it to your printer:
10 FOR X=start of text file To
end of text file: LPRINT CHRS PE
EK X3: NEXT xX
ENTERING BASIC2text
In order to save space, I have not provided a BASIC program
to install the machine code. If you have access to an assembler
I would suggest enterign the program via the mnemonics. If you
do not have and asembler or a favorite machine code loader use
Listing 2, and enter the OP Code column in the DATA statement
lines.
The author can provide a copy of this program on tape for
$4.00 (includes shipping). Please send a check or money order
to: Michael E. Carver, 1016 NE Tillamook, Portland, OR 97212.
Please specify "BASIC2text".
ROM CALLS
NEW #gu OD1D
PR_STRING equ 21DB
TO_TABLE «#gu OOoOfe
PO_SEARCH equ o77Cc
K_SCAN equ OZEO Listing i
STSTEM VARIABLES
PROG equ 3C33
VARS equ Sc4B
RANTOP equ Sceaz
ORIGIN equ FDa4 (447000)
Address Op Code Mnemonics Label Hotes
|PROGRAM VARIABLES
FRea4 oo @ FLAG defb OO
FODesS 6000 MOVED_BAS defm OOOO jAddress of moved BASIC
Foe? oooo HOVED_END defw OOOO fend of moved BASIC
Foe? 0000 BAS _LENG defw 0800 jlength of BASIC
FOeR oo00 T_FILE defun 0000
ptile
jcurrent pointer in Text 31
Foeod
FO?!
Fora
Fo?
Fo??
FD?s
FO??
FO?A
FOVE
FDAZ
FOAG
FDA?
FDAB
FDAC
FDBO
FDES
FDBS
FOR?
FOaC
FOBD
FOSF
Foci
Fpc2
Fpc4
FDCé
Foc?
FOCA
FocEe
FORCE
FOOD.
FDDS
FoDea
FODOR
FDEL
FDES
FDREA
FDF1
FDF4
FOFA
FOFE
FEO?
FEOS
FEOB
FE1IZ
FE1S
FEIG&
FEIB
FEID
FE2O
FE24
FEZ22
FE23
FE24
FE2S
FEZ6
FE2?
FE28
FE29
FE2ZC
FEZD
FEZF
FES2
FE33
FEI64
FEI?
FE3c
FEF
FEa2
FE44
FE43
FE46
FEB
FE4E
FES.
FES4
FES?
FESA
FESD
FE4o
FE4&3
FE4&é3
FE4&8
FEa&?
FEéA
FESR
FEAD
FESF
FE? 1
FEZ
FE?4
FE?S
FE?76
FE?8
FE???
FEBi
FEa?
FEoF
FE?v4
FE?S4
FE?
FEAZ
f1Enter here to move BASTC
iCall vis PRINT USR 449707
ED4ES335¢
Z2A4B5C
ED4z
MOVE _ BASTe
ED43e9FD
EDSBEB25¢
EDS387FD
2A4B5C
EDES
413
EDS3esFD
Reset RAMTOP and NEW
11D68FD
o13A00
CDDB21
cDBOO2
78
FEFF
z20Fe
7a
FEFF
20F3
cpBOO2
7B
FEFF
26Fe
11006F
EDS3525C
cDiDOD
160000 MOVED_MSG
424153494320
68617320
62654654E20
6D4F7665642E20
140200
505245535320
41465920
48455920
S44F20
434045415220
4D454D4F52592E
WAIT
NO_KEY
Program to translate the moved BASIC to
id be, (PROG)
id hl, (VARS)
abc hl,be
inc hl
inc hl
push hl
pop be
ld (BAS_LENG),be
ld de, (RAMTOP)
ld ({hOVED_END),de
ld hil, (VARS)
lddr jMowe BASIC
ld (MOVED_BAS) ,de
System
ld de, AOVED_ASo
ld Bc, OO3A
call PR_STRING
call K_SCAW
ld «,#
cp FF
jr nz,¥ArT
ld a,d@
cp FF
jr nz,WAIT
call K_SCAN
ld a,@
cp FF
jr 2,HO_KET
id de,4F0o
ld (RAMTOP) ,de
call NEW
defb 14,000,006
defm "BASIC =
deftm "has *
defm "been *
deim “moved, *
defb 14,07,00
defm "PRESS *
defim “ANT *
defm "KEY *
defm "TO *
defm "CLEAR =
defm "MEMORY. *
1Call via PRINT USR 43042
ZAB25C
226BFD
Z184FD
3400
2AeS5FD START
34 LINE_NO
23
SE
23
23
23
ES
ES
ci
2A87FD
AF
ED42
D2AEFE
El
LL76FE DONE
013700
CDDBZ1
2ABBFD
11006F
EDS2
2B
111027
CDé6FE
11E803
CD69FE
114400
CDé9FE
110A00
CD469FE
110100
CD69FE
3EFD
cD3012
SET_UP
AF CONVERT
aC COUNT
i? PR_LENGTH
1400 SAVE_MSG
S44P 2073417466320
a2413 34742320
6173207465787 420
6é64746CH6S534
oDpoD
3341344320
2276E4140452220
ai444443520
Id hl, (RAMTOP)
ld (T_FILE),h1
id hl, GFLAG
ld (¢hl),00
id Al, (MOVED_BAS)
id d,thl)
inc hl
1d @#,¢hl)
imc hl
inc hl
imc hl
push hl
push hl
pop be
ld Kl, (MOVED_END)
Zor 2
gbe hl, be
ip nc,OT_DONE
pop hi
ld de, SAVE_MSG
ld Be,0037
call PR_STRING
ld hl, «{T_FILE)
ld de,4De4
abc hl,de
dec hil
ld d#,2710
call CONVERT
ld de, O3E8
call CONVERT
ld de,0044
call CONVERT
id de, 000A
call CONVERT
id de#,0001
call CONVERT
id a,FD
call 12306
ret
nor &
inc -
sbc hl,de
jr c,PR_LENOTH
yr COUNT
add Al,de
add a,2F
ret io
ret
defb 14,000,060
nop
defm “To gave =
defm "BASIC *
defim "as text *
defm "“#ile:*
BASIC2 text....Extending the use of MTERMII
by Michael E. Carver
ifind length of
IBASIC program
iProgram length
lend of moved
FBASIC
jetart of moved
BASIC
message length
[Print Fesseage
fWeailt until noe
fkey is pressed
iWailt until a
jkey if pressed
iNew RANTOP
{Reset Memory
IPRINT AT O,O1
IPRINT AT 2,05
text #ile
lprogram flags
iClear flags
iskip length of
jline
icheck for end
jof BASIC
[me@pfpage length
Text #ile Start
18% of bytes in
itext #ile
1 LOOOOd
to decimal
,io000d
11000
1104
jlower screen
jfor cutput
febtain CHES code
IPRINT AT 0,01
defb OD,00 tline#@eed * * *
defim “SAVE *
detm *"*name**
defm "CODE *
FEA?
FEAD
FEAE
FEAF
FEB!
FER4
FEB?
FEBA
FEBD
FECO
FECS
FEC4
FEC4
FECa
FECA
FECD
FECE
FECF
FEDO
FED!
FEDS
FEDS
FEDA
FED?
FEDS
FEDE
FEDF
FEE!
FEES
FEES
FEE?
FEES
FEEB
FEED
FEEE
FEFO
FEF2
FEFa
FEFS4
FEFB
FEFA
FEFR
FEFE
FFoOo
FFOX
FFo4
FFOa
Fro?
FFOB
FFOE
FFL
FFis
FFILS
FFié
FFL?
FFIA
FFID
FFLF
FF22
FF23
FF24
FF24
FF28
FF24
FF2c
FF2ZE
FF30
FFIs3
FFiS
FFi?
PF.i?
FFIB
FFID
FF4ao
FF43
FF43s
Fra?
FFa?
FF4B
FF4pD
Frar
FFS1
FFS3
FFS5
FFs?
FS?
FFSA
FFSD
FFF
FFa2
FFés
Fras
Free
FFAB
FFé&eE
FFP
FFT3
FFT4
FRE??
FETA
FF?B
FFTVE
FFeO
FFex
FFeSs
Fre?
FFa?
Free
FFeD
FFeF
FF?2
FF?
FER4a
FFs
FF??
FF?a
FFoA
SZ2I383431342C
oo
EB
iE20
OLEBOS
CDB4FF
14400
COBAFF
o10400
CDB4FF
7D
FEZO
2802
C430
COCerFF
El
7E
Fe |
ES
FEZ2
2004
FS
SAB4FD
EEO!
a3284FD
Fi
FEOD
2817
FEOE
2007
El
o10300
ED4A
ES
isDD
FEZO
so002
isp?
FE?S
JO2A
FS
S484FD
CESr
IZ64FD
Fi
FEOD
CcCLSFF
FETA
ccilvFr
CocrrrF
FEOD
2OBGa
El
CIZ20FE
FS
S484FD
che?
I264FD
Fi
Cc?
FE&O
2010
FE7c
250F
FE7E
2608
Z2164FD
cB44
2o0c3
CEs4
2OBF
Da4iF
Cao77FF
CO4EFF
isee
FE?O
2004
SEZO
IBAD
FEAS
2004
DéAaP
1BAS
FEEA
2004
FS
SAB4FD
CBD?
=284FD
Fi
DAAS
€a77FF
CoAEFF
CcIcorE
S3A84FD
Ccacr
2264FD
Cc?
LLi?eoo
Fa
corco?
as80C
SAB4FD
Char
2005
sEZO
CDOASFF
1A
Ea7F
CDASFF
1A
ia
a?
30FS
Di
FE46
z7B03
NOT_DONE
STORE
BODY
ENTER
NHOT_SLUG
PRINTABLE
ASCII
UNREM
NONASCII
ExXPaAnD
BLOCK_GRAPH
GRAPHICS
TOKENS
NOT_REM
TOKEN_FLAG
TOKENS_1i
PO_TABLE
FO_EACH
defm "26414,"
nop
x de,hi
id «#,20
id bc, O3E8
call OUT_SP_NO
Id be, 0064
call OUT_SP_NO
id be, OOOA
call OUT_SP_NoO
ld a,1
cp 20
jr z, STORE
add 4,230
call STORE_CHAR
pop hl
Id a, (hl)
inc hl
Push Al
ep 22
ir nz, ENTER
push af
Id a, (GFLAG)
nor Of
Id (@FLAG) a
pop af
ep OD
jr 2, ASCII
ep OF
jr nz,NOT_SLUG
Pop hil
ld be,0005
adc hl,be
Push Al
jr BODY
ep 20
jr nc, PRINTABLE
jr BODY
cp 75
jr nc,MONASCII
Push af
ld a, (@FLAG)
ree l,a
ld (GPLAG),a
pop af
cp oD
call z,UNREM
ep IA
call z,UNREN
call STORE_CHAR
cp OD
gr nz,Bopr
Pop Al
jp LINE_NO
Push oF
id a, (@FLAG)
ree 2s -
ld (GFPLAG),«
Pop af
ret
cp 80
ir nc, BLOCK_GRAPHC
cp 7c
ir z,EXPAND
cp 7E
jr 2, EXPAND
id h1,@FLAG
bit 0, (hl)
jr nz,ASCII
bit 2, ¢hl)
jr nz,ASCII
gub iF
call TOKENS_1
call TOKEN_FLAG
jr BODY
cp 70
jr nc, GRAPHICS
id a,20
jr ASCII
cp AS
jr ne, TOKENS
gub 4F
jr ASCII
cp EA
jr nz,NOT_REM
Push a¢
id a, (@FLAG)
get 2,8
id (@FLAG),a«
Pop af
Sub AS
call TOKENS_1
call TOKEN_FLAG
jp BODY
id a, (G@FLAQ)
get 1,a
ld (@FLAG),«
ret
id de, TO_TABLE
push af
call PO_SEARCH
jr c,PO_EACH
ld a, (GFPLAG)
bit l,«
jr nz,PO_EACH
id a,2z0
call PO_SAVE
ld a, ide)
and ?7F
call PO_SAVE
id a, (del
inc de
add a,
jr nc, PO_EACH
pop dea
cp 468
jr z,PO_TRSP
{convert ling #
ito decimal
$1000d
1100d
10d
| space
[obtain CHR® code
(Guoten
iTeggle Guotes
flag
1ENTER
iNumber Slug
[BASIC Pointer
Igkip #loating
ipoint number
iControl Code?
FASCII?
Reset Token flag
iff Enter
ireset REM flag
Vi¢ &
Ireset REM flag
fEnter?
[REAR #lag
1Block Graphics?
STICK?
i FREE
iGuotes flag?
1REM #lag?
1044 eet
iUser graphics?
Space
User graphics?
IHake ASCII
[Set REA flag
'Set Token flag
ibase address of
iToken Table
find Token in
jtable and store
iToken flag set?
iPrint space
ti? needed
jecancel any
binverted bites
pif inverted
fend of Token
ftrailing space?
32
FFec
FFE
FFoF
FFAO
FFA2
FFAaz
FFAS
FFAS
FFA?
FFAA
FFAB
FFaAc
FFAD
FFAE
FFEO
FFBZ
FFB4
FFBs
FFB?
Fro?
FFBA
FFEC
FFED
FFBEE
FFco
FFC2
FFC4
FFc4
FFc?
FFCA
FFCD
FFCE
FFCF
FFD2
FFOD
NOTE:
which
FEG2
ep 62
De retic
7a PO_TRESP ld a,d@
FEO ep oF
Dea ret ic
SsE2O ld a,20
DS PO_SAVE Pugh de
Db? x=
CDCeFF call STORE_CHAR
BF fxn
Di Pop de
Cc? ret
7B OUT_SP_2 id a,
FEFF cp FF
200E jr nz,PR_DIGIT
SEOO ld 2,00
180A jr PR_DIGIT
AF oUT_SP_NO Or -
EDAZ OUT _SP_i Sbc fhl,be
a | = inc -
JOFB jr ne,OUT_SP_i
oF? add hl,be
aD dec a
2BED jr £,O0UT_SP_?
FE2ZO PR_DIGIT ep 20
2805 jr z,STORE_CHAR
C430 add 4,230
11FFOO id de,OOFF
ES STORE_CHAR push hl
Z2AGBFD ld Ki, t{T_FILE)
7? id thl),a
za inc hl
226EBFD ld (THFILE), hl
El pop hl
CF ret
Code from FF??? = FFCH has been borroned
Print trailing
lspace
fPrint line @
(an decimal
[Space
[Obtain CHR® code
from the ROM
handles LLIST with necessary changes for present Program.
Listing 2
7000 CLEAR 648797: LET as=""*;
TORE ©: FOR i#0 TO 73:
ET a@=atst+ds: NEXT i
7010 IF LEN aS<¢>1164 THEN PRINT
FLASH 1)"°Error in Machine Code D
ATA Lines F9235-98996"'' "Plea
Se correct before continuing": §
TOP
7020 LET address=44700:
TO LEN aS@-1 STEP 2
7030 POKE address+INT ((i-1)/2),
(CODE aS(i)-(48 AND CODE ag(i)<5
2)-(335 AND CODE a®iti) >44))#14+CO
DE aS(i+i1)-(48 AND CODE asti+i)<
38)-(35 AND CODE a®ii+i) >44)
7040 NEXT i
7050 CLS : PRINT "Machine Code h
as been Loaded into memory.""
*"Press any key to SAVE & VERIFY
BASICZ2text": PAUSE 0: SAVE "BA
SIiC2text*CODE 64700,35972: CLS : P
RINT "Rewind and play tape to Ve
rity": VERIFY "BASIC2text"CODE 6
4700,592
7925 DATA
7926 DATA
7927 DATA
RES
READ d@: L
FOR i=1
*0000000000000000"
"OOEDSBS35C2A4B5C*
*EDE223523SES5CiED4S"
-Continue this pattern
using Line numbers 7928-9997 in
increments of il. . =.
7998 DATA "FD7723228BFDEic9"*
Now, FOR ONLY $185 you're able to get
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CLS: PAPER ®: PAPER #0;@: INK
IS AN ETCH-A-SKETCH"
3 PRINT"
4 PRIWT"
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
22
23
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25
26
27
28
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43
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£5
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120
130
1498
150
160
17@
180
219
211
S49
350
PROGRAM CREATED FOR THE STRANGE"
AND DEMENTED; POSSIBLY FOR THOSE"
WE BELIEVE THAT THIS PROGRAM "
PRINT” WILL PROVIDE MINUTES OF ENJOY-"
PRINT” MENT, SECONDS OF ECSTACY, AND A"
PRINT" BETTER OUTLOOK OW LIFE, THE UNI-"
PRINT" VERSE, AND EVERYTHING."
PRINT" { TV MODE )": PRINT: PRINT
FOR K=1 TO 35
PRINT Fe ie . fine :
NEXT K
PAUSE 100
PRINT" DO YOU WISH TO SEE THE DIRECTIONS”; ,"«Y/N)"
IF DIS="N" THEN GO TO 40
CLS:CLS #0: PRINT" DIRECTIONS ARE AS FOLLOVS:"
PRINT: PRINT: PRINT" USE:"
PRINT: PRINT “O-FOR
PRINT: PRINT "L-FOR
PRINT: PRINT "P-FOR
PRINT: PRINT “O-FOR
PRINT: PRINT "Q-FOR
PRINT: PRINT “T-FOR
PAUSE 300: CLS:CLS
PRINT "TO BEGIN"
PRINT: PRINT"1> DRAWING"
PRINT: PRINT"2) SEE A PICTURE"
PRINT: PRINT’ PRESS 1 OR 2": INPUT YESS
IF YESS="1" THEN GO TO 349
IF YESS="2" THEN GO TO 150
GO TO 4@
IF ES="Y" THEN GO TO 150
IF ES="N" THEN GO TO 322
GO TO 110
LET DS = CHRS(93):LET LS =
PRINT DS;"OPEHN POINTS1”"
PRINT DS;:"READ POINTS1"
LBYTES mdv1_ POINTS1, 131072
PRINT DS;"CLOSE POINTS1"
PAUSE 1900
CLS: MODE 512
PAPER #0;7: INK #0:0:CLS #@:
L=DN, O=#4, P=}, Q=STOP FOR
PRINT"
UP"
DOWN"
RIGHT"
LEFT"
DRAWING COMMANDS"
TEXT COMMANDS"
#2
CHRS (93)
PRINT #0; "O=UP,
COMMANDS"
OO —— ———————
7:CLS #@: PRINT"
2 Al 3,0: PRINT *<<-<3<86=5665666<-s—-— = 3222 = == === “: PRINT: PRINT: PRINT"
SINCLAIR QL"
THIS
Cnr
sinks el eS
By David and Robert Johnson
re
: INPUT DI$
37 LET Y=1
390 LET X=¥
295 LET Y$=INKEYS
40@ IF Y$="" THEN GO TO 395
42 IF Y$="0" THEN LET Y=Y+1
425 IF Y$="L" THEN LET Y=Y-1
43® IF Y$="0" THEN LET X=X-1
435 IF Y$="P" THEN LET X=X+1
436 IF Y$="Q" THEN GO TO 560
437 IF Y$S="T" THEN TEXT
520 POINT X,Y
521 PRINT #0;"X=";X;" Y=";
522 INK 7
550 GO TO 395
56 CLS #0:PRINT #0;"DO YOU WISH TO PLACE A CIRCLE
34
AT a tania’ esi ?
CY,N)": INPUT #0; Cs
Program Continued On Page 36...
MARKEL ENTERPRISES
Post Office Box 2392
secaucus, New Jersy 07094-0992
(718) 627-1293
serving the Sinclair community since 1982!
INCREDIBLE! FULL FEATURED!
SINCLAIR QL
Includes Manual, All 4 PSION Bundled
Programs, 4 Blank Microcartridges and
Markel’s Own Address Book Software
$209.00
THIS IS NOT A DO-IT-YOURSELF KIT!
1.C.E. Cartridge...$20.00 when bought with QL
Reduced prices on many items in our Catalog.
WRITE!
A FEW STILL AVAILABLE
MARKEL ENTERPRISES WISHES TIME DESIGNS MAGAZINE A
HAPPY 2nd BIRTHDAY!
MORE ITEMS BEING ADDED DAILY AS WE EXPAND OUR QL SUPPORT.
IF IT’S NOT LISTED - WE CAN GET IT - PLEASE CALL OR WRITE.
ADD $3.00 FOR C.O.D. SHIPMENTS
ADD 3% FOR SHIPPING AND HANDLING.
NY AND NJ RESIDENTS ADD APPROPRIATE SALES TAX.
Our address says mail order / Our phone says NYC / Our name says support
5965 IF Cs="Y" THEN GO TO 570
566 IF Cs="N" THEN GO TO 600
572 PRINT #0;"CIRCLE PARAMETERS: RADIUS, ECCENTRICITY, ANGLE": INPUT #0; Z,V,V
575 CIRCLE X;¥;Z,W,V: PRINT #@;"DO YOU WISH TO FILL ? (Y/ND"
O76 INPUT #0;C8: IF Cs="Y" THEN PAINT
577 IF C8="N" THEN GO TO 395
600 PRINT #0:PRINT #0;"DO YOU WISH TO CHANGE X & Y ?
6@1 INPUT #@; CS: IF CS="Y" THEN GO TO 610
602 IF Cs="N" THEN GO TO 395
610 PRINT #2;"YOU ARE NOW AT X";X;"¥":¥;" INPUT NEV X**: INPUT #0; X
611 PRIWT #@;"NEW Y ??": INPUT #@;: Y¥:GO TO 395
13000 DEFine PROCedure PAINT
13010 PRINT #0;" WHAT COLOR 7? (« ® - 7 >": INPUT #@; COLOR
Program Continued From Page 34
(Y/N)" ***HOW TO USE THIS PROGRAM***
This is a drawing program for the QL, and is
self-explanatory—-with directions in the pro-
gram itself. You can view the program ona TV
(F2) or a monitor on F2.
13015 INK COLOR: FILL 1: CIRCLE X;¥;Z,W,V: FILL ®
13¢2@ END DEFine
13999 REMark ©4244 4444444424440 204 HEHE KEKE
14¢@0 REMark BY David Johnson and Robert Johnson
14500 REMark for the Sinclair QL : 1986
14510 REMark CELELELELAK ELE ECA KLEE ALE CALETA ECE EECEEYE
15000 DEFine PROCedure TEXT
15010 PRINT #0;"TEXT AT CURRENT X ";X;"¥ ";¥;" POSITION ?7 C(Y/ND"
15615 INPUT #0; TEXS: IF TEXS="Y¥" THEN GO TO 15017
15@16 IF TEXS="N" THEN GO TO 600
15017 PRINT #0;"INK ? (@-7)": INPUT #@; COLOR: INK COLOR
15@39 PRINT #0;" INPUT YOUR TEXT: ": INPUT #0; TES
15035 CURSOR X,Y: PRINT TES
15¢4@ END DEFine
The most important
thing is to have your CAPS LOCK ON! Just
follow the programs built in prompts.
Anyone who wants a copy of this program on
Microdrive, just send a formatted cartridge
to: D. Johnson, 2399 St. Rd. 95, Edison, OH
43320. Include $1.00 for shipping.
“| Built A QL Kit”
By Bob Howard, WA6DLI
| As soon aS you read the title, you will say.."He
did WHAT". Yes, its true...like the early Sinclairs, you
can now buy a OL Kit by mail order from A+ COMPUTER
RESPONSE in Keene, New Hampshire (and some QL dealers
also have them now).
Well, as I am primarily a 2068 buff...I ordered one
as a way to dabble in the QL without a major investment.
The kit price is $139 plus $7 shipping from A+. I
ordered the QL kit on September 25, and it arrived
October 8th.
But you say... isn't this a dirty trick...selling
the OL by mail as a $139 kit when they are also ex-
pecting the 17 or so QL dealers to sell the assembled
OL package at $299 list less what the dealers want to
throw in as discounts or added software and accessories?
I think not as you have to consider what you DON'T get
with the kit. First you will be in the true Atari ST or
Amiga "class" as your computer kit comes with absolutely
NO SOFTWARE! This is more of a problem than you think,
as you can't run to your local downtown store and buy
some. Also while you can buy commercial software from
the QL dealers...they don't offer the four bundled pro-
grams that come with the dealer-sold QL (word processor,
data base, spread sheet, and graph programs). Since you
didn't get the programs...you don't get the standard OL
documentation either. (The QL kit only comes with parts
of the User Guide, and there is no nice binder either.
Most of the documentation concerns technical aspects of
the QL.) The kit sales might hurt dealer sales of
complete QL packages, but you could look at it as an
expanded market for the dealers sale of peripherals and
software.
If you don't need the business package...then the
QOL kit is a great "deal", for learning SuperBASIC and
for typing in programs from tutorials such as in Zx
Computing Monthly from England and also TDM.
Well enough said on the ethics of the deal...what
is the QL kit like and how hard is it to build? First of
all, a kit it is not...it is a knocked down QL out of
the case and consists of: a case with keyboard in the
top half, two micro-drives, a heat sink, and a_ single
mother-board computer, assembled and apparently tested
by A+ (derived from the stickers on the bottom of the
case.) Also a bag of screws and miscellaneous parts like
covers for the ports not used. The heavy power supply
and cord, and TV switch box and lead is also packed in
the box. Also supplied are two blank micro cartridges,
and two cables; an RGB cable and a serial port cable.
(Note: these last two items are not included with pre-
assembled QL's and are an option.)
The "Kit" is about as difficult to assemble as_ the
average lawn chair or knocked down hardware you might
get at a department store. This doesn't mean there are
not pitfalls (you might be a klutz at reading the dir-
ections!). The QL Kit comes with the following docu-
mentation: An assembly manual produced by A+ Computer
Response, A Beginners Guide to the QL by Sinclair, A
Technical Description of the QOL by Sinclair. It is all
well packaged and the instructions are very good as far
as they go. They look like they might have been produced
with a QL graphics program.
I had the thing together in no time at all...but I
am an old hand at stuffing the Sinclair keyboard ribbons
into those slots! This is the most difficult part, along
with not dislodging it all when you are plugging the LED
wires into their sockets. These wires and the keyboard
ribbons are both coming from the top lid of the case and
you must do a balancing act to hold the lid at a 45
degree angle while you push the wires into sockets. One
slip and you risk ruining the ribbons or may crumple the
ribbons while fighting to get the LED wires into their
holes and held in until you push down on the socket to
lock the wires in place.
The wires for the two Microdrives can only go in
the right way if you don't twist them and you have the
Grives in the right position as shown in the drawings.
36
My big trauma came when everything worked fine
(keyboard all keys, LED lights, and drives)...but I
couldn't pass the formatting test. Then I read the OL
Beginners Guide and found that the formatting command:
FORMAT MDV1_ shown in the assembly manual must include
the underline symbol as part of the command (or you get
the dreaded "not found" report). I thought the "_" was
just their way of indicating the following flashing
cursor! So my microdrives were OK but my command was in-
complete. This needs to be stated in the assembly manual
I think...at least it cost me a lot of grief. Oh yes,
the TV switch box and cable allowed me to test the OL
on a convenient TV set nearby.
A+ Computer Response does offer a phone consul-
tation service for kit problems from 3 to 5 pm Eastern
time. I am sure this is for kit assembly and test pro-
cedures only...they will not be willing to hold your
hand on how to use SuperBASIC and otherwise program your
QL...and your phone bill couldn't stand this either.
When you move from that TV set, you are going to
find that Sinclair expected you to purchase the Sinclair
RGB Monitor. You won't be able to use the OQL's monitor
mode on most TV's, but you could on a green or amber hi-
res monitor if you know how to connect one up. The QL's
RGB plug (an 8-pin DIN plug) is a rare bird to buy...its
not at Radio Shack. I happen to have color monitors in
my computer room/ham shack and one is a TI composite and
the other is a Comrex CR-6600 RGB. Fortunately, I had
been through the RGB cable/plug mess in getting my 2068
onto the RGB monitor.
What is my verdict on the kit? I feel that if you
want a "bargain" in a “super computer" (with the under-
standing of the hassels you will have to go through to
hook it up to bargain monitors, ect.), then the QL Kit
is a good deal, especially if you want to program in
SuperBASIC or other languages. If you want to use ICE (a
GEM like desk top format operating system) and the
bundled business software, you would be ahead to buy an
assembled OL from an authorized dealer. You will be
buying other software and peripherals from them anyway,
so you might as well get off to a good start by getting
the computer from them too.
How do I like my QL? Well, it is great, and I have
had fun trying some of the QL programs in ZX Computing.
Now...if I just could get color on one of my monitors!
For further information on the QL Kit, contact A+
Computer Response, 69-B Island St., Keene, NH 03431
(603-357-1800).
Ql Q“uiall/Word Processor Tips
ract:-{7
by
Mike de Sosa
QL Word Processor AKA QLWP AKA Quill--the least
acclaimed of the four Psion software programs bundled
with the Sinclair QL--is still a good word processor,
especially with added memory and RAMdisk. Quill's chief
fault is that it is a bit slow in carrying out some
operations. Quill's chief virtue is its ease of use: it
is even simpler than Tasword II for the TS 2068. So much
for criticism, now for some tips.
In this and future articles on Quill, I will first
deal with rather elementary things which it is essential
for any user of Quill to master and then with more
complex matters.
If you have not already done so, clone a _ working
copy of Quill from the master Quill cartridge.
Put a blank or no longer needed Microdrive cart-
ridge in Microdrive 1. If it is a new cartridge, format
it five times using:
FOR F=1 TO S: FORMAT MDV1_
Otherwise, put your master Quill program cartridge in
Microdrive 2, then key and enter:
LRUN MDV2_CLONE_BAS
This will take about ten minutes. When complete, return
your Quill master program to its protective case and
store it in a safe place, load a formatted file cart-
ridge in Microdrive 2, then key and enter:
LRUN MDV1i_BOOT
Quill should load in under 20 seconds. You are now ready
to write! (To load and run Quill from boot up, just in-
sert a Qull program cartridge in Microdrive 1 and key
Fl.)
Quill like most software programs has preset (or
default) values for line spacing, margins, tab settings,
ect., SO you may, if you wish, proceed immediately. (To
set or check what values are set you will have to use
various commands.) If you are not impatient to begin the
great American novel, hold off a few minutes, and let's
check out your Quill monitor ‘screen.
At the top is the control area where prompts and
reminders are shown and where additional instructions
37
will appear from time to time. For HELP it says to press
Fl. Try it. Once in the HELP facility, key Fl again for
instructions on how to use the facility. Key ESC to re-
turn to the program.
Keying F2 "toggles" the control area on and off,
creating a larger working area (you can usually infer
what's going on without the control area visible by re-
ferring to the status area--the three lines below the
working area.)
Reading to the right in the control area is a block
indicating that you can move the red cursor using the
cursor (arrow) keys. (You cannot move the cursor on a
blank screen or beyond the end of the text for the first
time using the cursor keys; if you wish to leave a space
at the top of the working area or later between para-
graphs, you must use the ENTER key which starts a new
indented paragraph or the SPACE bar or TABULATE key.
Using ENTER to do this has the disadvantage of creating
a new paragraph each time it is keyed which will slow
your later movement through the text using the SHIFT and
up and down cursor keys.)
With text on the screen, keying the up and down
cursor keys moves the cursor up or down one line; keying
the left and right cursor keys moves the cursor one
character space left or right. Depressing the SHIFT key
while keying the up and down cursor keys moves the
cursor up or down one paragraph at a time. Depressing
the SHIFT key while keying the right and left cursor
keys moves the cursor right or left a word at a time.
Type in a paragraph of four or five lines; DO NOT
USE THE ENTER KEY TO CHANGE LINES--just keep on typing
without regard to where you are on a line and don't
attempt to separate words at the end of a line or
correct any errors. Quill will change lines for you. Now
key ENTER to begin a new indented paragraph. Type a_ two
or three line paragraph, then key ENTER again to begin a
third indented paragraph. Practice moving the cursor
right and left and up and down using the cursor keys and
SHIFT plus the cursor keys. Do not worry that you cannot
always place the cursor precisely where you wish: this
is an unfortunate quirk of Quill! Check "Cursor" in the
HELP facility.
The wide central window in the control area displays
the information shown upon loading Quill, two sets of
commands when F3 is keyed, and screen prompts during
command sequences. The top line of the center window in-
dicates you are in the Insert mode wherein characters
keyed appear at the cursor position, displacing any
existing text to the right--note that if more than one
word is inserted the text will separate to permit a
longer section of text to be inserted. Contrary to what
it says in you QL User Guide (QLUG), the text will not
rejoin itself automatically. To rejoin the text, place
the cursor one space past the final character at the
front of the separation and press CTRL and the right
cursor key.
The bottom line in the central window of the con-
trol area advises how to change to the Overwrite mode,
the other Quill mode, by depressing SHIFT and keying F4.
In the Overwrite mode, which you will find is much
Slower than the Insert mode, you can type over existing
tex. Use of the Overwrite mode, which I tend to forget
is available, is frequently quicker and more useful way
to edit text. Note that the current Quill mode is in-
dicated in the status area. Check "Insert" in the HELP
facility.
The second item in the central window of the con-
trol area reminds you to key ENTER to begin a new in-
dented paragraph. Check "ENTER key" in HELP.
The third line indicates that to delete text, you
depress CTRL and a cursor key. CTRL and the left cursor
key delete the character to the left of the cursor. CTRL
and the right cursor key delete the character under the
cursor; CTRL and the cursor key delete all text on the
line to the left of the cursor; CTRL and the right
cursor key delete all text on the line under and to the
right of the cursor. Depressing the SHIFT and CTRL keys
and the left cursor key deletes the word to the left of
the cursor; SHIFT, CTRL, and the right cursor key de-
lete the word to right of the cursor. Check "Delete" in
HELP.
The window to the right of the central window in
the control area reminds you to key F4 to select another
of Quill's other four typefaces (bold, underlined, high
(superscript], and low [subscript]. Combinations are
possible, for example, bold, underlined, high script.
Another option is made available by keying F4--the Paint
option with which the typeface of existing text may be
changed; again, combinations are possible. Key F4 and
follow screen prompts to add bold and underlined text,
Superscripts, and subscripts to your practice para-
graphs. Use the Paint option to change the typeface of
existing text. Check "Typeface" in HELP.
The upper right window in the control area prompts
you to key F3 to select and toggle between two sets of
Quill commands.
In Quill, unlike Archive, the command to be sel-
ected must appear in the central window of tthe control
area. Once a command sequence is selected, subsequent
prompts and instructions will appear in this window. A
command is selected by keying the first letter of the
command. Key F3, then Key F3 again, noting the commands
available. When the command Justify is displayed, Key J.
Use the up cursor key to move the cursor to the be-
ginning of the second paragraph. Press the SPACE bar and
note that the justification of the text in the second
two paragraphs is changed. Note also that text cannot be
added while in a command sequence. Key ENTER to return
to the normal (Insert or Overwrite mode.) It is not a
good idea to use ESC to terminate a command sequence; in
some cases this might cancel a desired command change.
ESC is used to abort a command sequence in progress
or to perform some designated function within a command
sequence.
The working area consists of 17 lines of text with
the control area present or 21 lines without the control
area.
38
The status area consists of the three lines at the
bottom of the screen. The uppermost of these is the in-
put line editor on which the cursor, command sequence in
use, and prompts sometimes appear, and on which entries
(filenames, ect.) are made. The cursor will appear on
this line when an input is required. The Quill mode,
typeface, number of words typed, document name, and the
page and line number of the cursor line are displayed on
the bottom two lines in the status area.
PRACTICE, PRACTICE, PRACTICE all of these pro-
cedures now or you may develop ingrained bad habits
which will slow you down later!
So far, this article has dealt with elementary but
essential procedures that must be mastered. For the
novice, don't wait for the next issue of TDM to continue
learning Quill. Make use of the Quill section of the
QLUG, and the HELP facility to teach yourself to use the
program. Make sure you fully understand each command
sequence as you proceed. If you are using the basic 128k
QL, I advise you to SAVE your document every twenty or
thirty minutes on two Microdrive cartridges and begin a
new document file when the document can no longer be
stored in RAM, that is, when Microdrive 2 begins to
operate during text insertion. Leave at least 30 sectors
free on your file cartridge when creating longer docu-
ments. Next time out I will assume that you have pro-
gressed to "the more experienced Quill user" status.
Tips for the More Experienced Quill User
Once your program is configured using CONFIG BAS
and your printer data is installed using INSTALL BAS,
delete these programs and INSTALL DAT from your Quill
working copy to make room for auxiliary SuperBASIC and
machine code programs relevant to word processing. On an
unexpanded QL, it is a toss-up wether you should add
machine code programs to multitask with Quill; it may be
better to save most of the unused RAM for document
files. But you can expand your BOOT file to include many
auxiliary procedures and functions without reducing the
available RAM for document files significantly.
On my 640k QL, I multitask four programs with
Quill: QDTG, a date-time-group program which appears in
the status area, based on a program appearing in QUANTA
and three proprietary programs, CAPS, QUILL KEY and
MINI_CALC. My BOOT program proper consists of about 46
lines and uses QL TOOLKIT II commands. The bulk of the
BOOT program consists of about 25 defined procedures and
functions. With Quill loaded in RAMdisk, I can quickly
QUIT Quill, perform any necessary tasks--most frequently
saving my current document file to Microdrives--and
return to Quill ina flash.
Listing 1 is my Quill BOOT program. It can be
easily modified to suit your needs and equipment mainly
by deleting lines. Listing 2 is a machine-code program
loader for a program, QtoRAMl, which transfers Quill
from Microdrive 1 to RAMdisk 1, making necessary pro-
visions for efficient RAM management. Listing 3 is the
QDTG program loader.
Most of the defined procedures and functions in
Listing 1 are, I trust, self-explanatory. If you can't
figure something out, drop me a line, in care of TDM and
include a self-addressed, stamped envelope.
[If you would like me to send you my Quill BOOT
program on Microdrive, including non-proprietary machine
code programs; the programs in listings 2 and 3; four
PRINTER DAT programs; and a few useful SuperBASIC pro-
grams of my own devising, you may order it through TIME
DESIGNS for $15. Send check/money order to: TDM, 29722
Hult Rd. Colton, OR 97017. VISA and MASTERCARD charges
accepted--telephone orders O.K. Please specify "Mike's
Quill Cartridge" when ordering. ]
NEXT MONTH: More on Quill, particularly on in-
creasing the number of Quill typefaces readily available
Fo you.
hk —
fm * = a a
_h kh : >
oo. Da he| ‘Wess =
®'eeea.."*** ee \
a 88 wwe '
@ FORNAT rame_e00: SBYTES rame_space,131072
, 60000
“ CLEAR: WINDOW 512,256,0,0: CSIZE 1,1: CLS
6 PRINT “ rami = *;
68 FORMAT rami_24o
10 PRINT ” ramS = ";
12 FORMAT ramS_360
14 PRINT ” Setting up QUILL on RAMNdisk"
16 COPY mdvi_quil_hob TO rami_quil_hob
18 COPY mdvl_compare_exe TO raml_compare_ex
e
20 COPY mdvil_solhead2_doc TO ramS_solhead2_
76 FORMAT ram2_
78 PRINT ” Executing QUILL”
BO CLOSE #1: CLOSE #2: WINDOW #0,400,20,35,
£15
Be EXEC_W raml_quill
64 OPEN #1,con: OPEN #2,con
BE wscr
6B CSIZE 1,1: PRINT ™ Copy ramS_ document F
iles to mdve_”
S80 WCOPY ramS_,mdve_
S32 CLS: DIR mdv2_: PAUSE 150
S4 PRINT: PRINT " Key and enter ‘'reb' to re
boot QUILL”\\" or ‘lreb’ to load more doc
uments and reboot QUILL”"\\” or ‘cop i‘ /
*cop 2’ to backup Files on mdvil_ or mdve_™
S56 STOP
S000 REMark PROCEDURES & FUNCTIONS
3002 DEFine PROCedure C
S5004% CONTINUE
S006 END DEFine
3008 DEFine FuNction SGNCn): IF n=0: RETurn
0: ELSE RETurn n/ABSCn)
doc 3010 DEFine FuNction FeC(f): RETurn (f-32)*
@2 COPY mdvi_lhead_doc TO ramS_lhead_doc 3S
e6 COPY mdvl1_Fastcopy TO rami_Fastcopy e :
28 PRINT: PRINT ”™ Do you wish to set clock 301% DEFine FuNction R10: RETurn RNDC1 TO 1
CY/NI? ™ 0)
30 IF INKEYS(-1)=="y": PRINT :PRINT ” SDATE 9016 DEFine FuNction R100: RETurn RNDC1 TO
yyyy,mm,dd,hh,mm,ss"\\" Key and ENTER ‘C’ 100)
to continue”: STOP $018 DEFine FuNction DICE: LOCal a,b: a=RND
32@ CLS: PRINT ” Executing multitasked progr C1 TO 6): beRNDC1 TO 6): RETurn atb
ams" 3020 DEFine PROCedure LIST1154
34 EXEC mdvi_quill_key 30ee LOCal a,b,ns
36 EXEC mdvl_mini_calc s0e4 CLS #2. )
38 EXEC mdvi_caps 8026 INPUT " Program name? ";nS
40 EXEC mdvi1_qdtg 30cs8 INPUT ” Enter program start line ";a
42 CLS: PRINT ” Transferring Quill to RAM1_ 3030 =6INPUT " Enter program end line ";b
" 9032 OPEN #3,serl
44 EXEC _W mdvi_qtoraml $033 PRINT #3, CHRS(27);CHRS(G2) ; CHRSCB)
46 CLS: PRINT " Select Printer Driver” s3034 PRINT #3, CHRSC27);CHRSC77);CHRSC11)
48 PRINT " 1 —- Std STAR SG-10”" $036 PRINT #3, CHRSC27);CHRSCB81);CHRSCS4)
SO PRINT ” @2@ = Std STAR Delta 10” 8037 PRINT #3,CHRSC27) ; CHRSC78) ; CHRSC6)
S2 PRINT “ 3 - Std EPSON FXBO Compatibles” S038 PRINT #3,CHRSC14);nS: PRINT #3
S4 PRINT ”" 4% - Book Manuscript” S040 PRINT #3,CHRSC27);CHRSC66); CHRSC%)
56 INPUT " Your choice? “;pr so¥2 LIST #3, a TO b
S58 SELect ON pr so4%4 PRINT #3,CHRSC27);CHRSC66);CHRSCS)
60 “1: COPY mdvil printeri dat TO rami print S046 PRINT #3,CHRS(12)
er_dat af i os S048 CLOSE #3
62 <2: COPY mdvi_printer2@_dat TO rami_print S0SO END DEFine
er_dat 30Se DEFine PROCedure wscr
64 =3: COPY mdvi_printer3_dat TO raml_print S054 WINDOW #0,508,4%0,4,216: WINDOW SO6,2
er_dat 16,4,0: WINDOW #2,508,216,4,0
66 =4: COPY mdvl_printer4_dat TO raml_print SOS6 PAPER O: INK 7: PAPER #2,0: INK #2,4
er_dat 3058 MODE 4
68 END SELect S060 CLS #0: CLS: CLS #2
70 CLS: PRINT " Copy MDVe Files to RANS” 306e END DEFines
72 WCOPY mdv2_,ramS_ 306% DEFine PROCedure DSCRe
74 PRINT "More? ”: IF INKEYS(€-1)=="y": GO T 3066 WINDOW#O,460,56,16,c00: WINDOW#1,160
0 7e ,©£00,320,0: WINDOW#2,295,200,16,0
Now Available! “THE BEST OF SUM, PART II”
The original “THE BEST OF SUM” is now in its
Over 60 pages of program listings, reviews, hard-
ware projects, hints and tips, and articles. Covers 2nd printing. 112 pages of articles going all the
TS-1000, TS-2068, and QL. All are reprints from way back to the beginning of SUM — 3 years
the last year of SUM plus a few that didn't make it worth!
into print before now. 11.95 postpaid
Articles include Building an EPROM Program-
mer, Sprites on the 2068, Adding RGB to 2068, QL
Word Processing, What's Available for TS-1000,
and much more. Does overlap the “Special Issues”
advertised to the right.
$6.95 postpaid Everything! $20.00 postpaid
FOOTE <%, SOFTWARE P.O. Box 14655 — Gainesville, FL 32604 904/462-1086 (6 pm - 9 pm EDT)
oa 39 ig ean
QL Special Issue (12/85) — *3.95 postpaid.
TS-1000 Special Issue (5/86) — ‘3.95 postpaid.
5068 PAPER#0,0: INK#0,7: CLS#0: PAPER O:
INK 7: CLS: PAPER#2,0: INK#2,7: CLS#2
9070 MODE 4
9072 END DEFine
3074 DEFine PROCedure DSCR
5076 WINDOW#O,480,56,16,200: WINDOW#1,480
,£00,16,0: WINDOWHe,480,200,16,0
5078 PAPER#0O,0: INK#0,7: CLS#0: PAPER O:
INK 7: CLS: PAPER#2,0: INK#2,7: CLS#2
S080 MODE 4
S082 END DEFine
$084 DEFine PROCedure listdir
5086 CLS: OPEN #3,serl
95088 OPEN_NEW #4, ramS_NF2
5090 PRINT #3,CHRSC27)8"R”"8CHRSC10)
s0Se2 PRINT #3, CHRSC27)8&"N"8CHRS(6)
9034 PRINT #4,CHRSC27)8&"N”"8&CHRSC(E)
9056 PRINT #3,CHRSC27)8"N"&CHRSC10)
93098 PRINT #%, CHRS(C27)8"M”"&CHRS(10)
9100 INPUT "NDY Number? ”;kS
§10e PRINT "q to quit”
9104 INPUT "NDV Name? ": FS
9106 IF FS=="q" THEN GO TO 93lee
53108 PRINT #3,CHRS(27)8"E”
$110 PRINT #3,CHRSC14);FS: PRINT #3
Slie PRINT #4,CHRSC14);FS: PRINT #4
911% DIR #3,"mdv" & kS & "_”
9116 DIR #4, "mdv" & kS & ”_”
9118 PRINT #3
§120 PRINT #4: GO TO 9104
Siee CLOSE #3
S§ic4 CLOSE #4
$126 END DEFine
$128 DEFine PROCedure reb
9130 GO TO 60
§$i32 END DEFine
313% DEFine PROCedure LREB
9136 CLS: PRINT "Select NOV2 documents to
RANS”™
9138 WCOPY mdve_,ramS_
9140 PRINT "Nore? ":
GO TO 9138
§14%e GO TO 60
95144 END DEFine
5146 DEFine PROCedure cz
9148 CLS#O0
§150 END DEFine
§$15e¢ DEFine PROCedure VAL
9154 LOCal y,fS
95156 FORMAT ram8_1i0
9158 CLS: PRINT "Input Formulae? Cz to
end)”
5160 CLEAR
9516e INPUT FS;
3164 IF fFS==-"z": END DEFine
9166 OPEN_NEW #4, ram8_work
9168 PRINT #4,"9174% y = "&FS
95170 CLOSE #4
9172 MERGE ram6_work
$174 REMNark working space
9176 DELETE ram@8_work
5178 PRINT "= ";y
9180 GO TO 93160
91682 END DEFine
918% DEFine PROCedure COPCn)
5186 WCOPY ramS_, "mdv"&n&é"_”
5168 DIR "mdv"&an&”_ ”
§190 END DEFine
9192 DEFine FuNction root Cnumber,root): RE
Turn number *(€1/root)
9194 DEFine FuNction fFact(n): IF n=1: RETur
ni: ELSE RETurn n*fact(n-1)
9196 DEFine PROCedure sample
9198 LOCal ans*
9200 CLS
9202 INPUT "Percent pro or for candidate
A? ";:a
520% b=100-a: PRINT
9206 INPUT "Size of sample? ";n
S206 ans%"1 .956*SORTCa*b/n)
5210 PRINT
S2ie PRINI "Sampling error is plus or min
us “;ans*%;" percent Cat 55% confidence leve
1)"\\
9214 PRINT "Range pro or for candidate A
= ". ga-ans*;" to "; atans%;” percent”\\
9216 PRINT "Range con or for candidate B
= ". b-anss;" to "; btans*s;” percent”\\
$218 PRINT "NOTE: Non-sampling errors may
exceed the sampling error! "\\
IF INKEYSC(-1)=="y":
40
Seco PRINT “Expand ranges plus/minus 2-4%
For greater confidence factor."
S222 END DEFine
See% DEFine PROCedure OLe
S226 wide=2S4
9228 WINDOW 250,206,254,0: WINDOW #2,wide
,©06,2,0: WINDOW #0,2@*wide,50,254-wide,206
93230 PAPER O: INK 4: BORDER 1,7,0,3: PAPE
R #2,0: INK #2,7: BORDER #2,1,7,0,3: PAPER
#0,0: INK #0,4
$232 FOR fF-0,1,2@: CLS#F
S23% END DEFine
93236 DEFine PROCedure sav(drive, names)
9238 DELETE "mdv"&driveéa"_"&namesS
8240 SAVE “mdv"Sdrives”_ "&names
S242 DIR "mdv"&drivea”"_”
S244 END DEFine
S24%6 DEFine PROCedure OLS
$248 WINDOW#O,512,50,0,205: INK#0,4:PAPER
#0,0:WINDOW 256,206,257,0:PAPER 2: INK 7:BOR
DER 1,255: WINDOW#2, 256, 206,0,0: PAPER#2, 7: IN
K#2,0: BORDER#2, 1,255
8250 CLS#0:CLS:CLS#2
$252 END DEFine
Listing =
REMark QtoRAMN1 Loader
REMark Courtesy Barry Ashfield in QUANTA
RESTORE i4%
start-RESPR(C10c4%): checksum=0
FOR Festart TO start+e279
READ byte:POKE F,byte
checksum=checksum+byte
NEXT F
IF checksum¢>21753: PRINI "error in data
STOP
DELETE mdvl1_qtoraml
| SEXEC mdvl_qtoraml1,start,280,256
PRINT "QtoRAN1 saved ok": STOP
DATA 96,14,0,0,0,0,74%,251,0,6
DATA 61,95,114,57,109,%9,112,11,114,255
DATA 116,127,78,65,65,250,0,208,112,1
DATA 114,255,118,1,78,66,74%,1268,103,4
DATA 936,0,0,172,73,250,0,216,40,136
DATA 67,250,0,214,112,71,116,14,118,255
DATA 76,67,7%,128,103,4,96,0,0,146
DATA 67,250,0,194,34,17,112,24,116,255
DATA 786,65,74,128,103,4,96,0,0,126
DATA 73,250,0,166,40,136,34,72,118,255
DATA 32,122,0,160,112,72,75,250,0,1568
DATA 36,21,78,67,74,128,103,4,96,0
DATA 0O,9%,112,2,78,66,65,250,0,116
DATA 112,1,114,255,118,2,78,66,74,128
DATA 103,4,96,0,0,70,73,250,0,114%
DATA “0,136,112e,73,75,250,0,110,36,21
DATA 116,255,34%,122,0,5%,78,67,74%,1¢e8
DATA 103,4,96,0,0,40,67,250,0,688
DATA 112,70,78,67,74,1268,103,4%,96,0
DATA 0,24,112,2,78,66,32,122,0,60
DATA 112,25,78,65,74,57,0,2,12e8,238
DATA 102,248,96,12,32,124,0,1,0,1
DATA 5S2,120,0,204%,768,146,114,255,112,5
DATA 118,0,78,65,0,10,109,100,1168,49
DATA 95,113,117,105,108,108,0,10,114,97
DATA 109,49,95,113,117,105,108,108,0,0
DATA 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0
DATA 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0
sFP WON oOWF Ne
Oo
' WW WW Pe ll ll el cl a
Ce BOON OU SUNK OUOVOO Lune
Lasting =
100 REMark QDIG Loader
105 RENark Courtesy Derek Wilson in QUANTA
110 C=RESPRC100)
120 FOR i=-0O TO 66 STEP e
130 READ x: POKE_W i+C,x
140 END FOR i
150 SEXEC mdv2@_OD0TG,C,100,e56
1000 DATA 29439, 29697 ,2°8683,2°0033,1740e
1010 DATA 48,1394%4,200,20115, 12040
1020 DATA 28691,20033,17402,74,-27698
1030 DATA 139%4,236,20115,6279,-11314%
1040 DATA 139544, 208,20115,16961,1656e
1050 DATA 30463, 28686, 20035,24734
1060 DATA 0O,7,2%0,10,168,ce4%6
curry
computer
— SPECTRUM SOFTWARE —
DLAN
Rebel Star Raider
Make A Chip
Dynamite Dan
They Sold A Million
The Planets
Delta Wing
Chiller
ACE
Cauldron I!
NOW Games
Paper Boy
Xadom
Mined Out
Saboteur
Tasword Keyboard Overlay
ROM Switch
3D Strategy
2040 Paper for 3 rolls
Munchees
Pioneer Trail
Stock Market Calculator
Rocket Man
Carpooler
Backgammon
Hackers Handbook
Guide to the Hobbit
Beginners Guide to FORTH
Creat. Arcade Games/Spectrum
49 Explosive Games on the ZX81
Replicating Reality
Creat. Adventures on Spectrum
60 Programs for Spectrum
$14.95
$5.00
$5.95
$11.95
$18.95
$18.95
$9.95
$9.95
$17.95
$16.95
$16.95
$14.95
$6.00
$6.00
$15.95
$5.95
$45.00
$6.00
$6.95
$3.00
$3.00
$3.00
$3.00
$2.00
$2.00
$11.95
$6.95
$6.95
$5.95
$6.95
$12.95
$7.95
$12.95
Zombie
Green Berets
Snowman
Great Space Race
Rambo
Quazatron
One Man And His Droid
Skyranger
Bombjack
Jack The Nipper
Max Headroom
Dynamite Dan II
$14.95
$15.95
$9.95
$12.95
$14.95
$16.95
$9.95
$12.95
$14.95
$14.95
$16.95
$14.95
And More-Write for Free Catalog!
— T/S 2068 SOFTWARE —
Bugaboo
Timegate
Fighter Pilot
Mscript Keyboard Overlay
ACZ General Ledger
speed King Joystick
$6.00
$6.00
$15.95
$5.95
$24.95
$17.95
— T/S 1000 SOFTWARE —
Red Alert
Croaka-Crawler
T/S Destroyer
Alpha Vowels
ZXtricator
Kasino Kraps
The Gambler
$3.00
$3.00
$3.00
$3.00
$3.00
$2.00
$2.00
— BOOKS AND MAGAZINES —
The Sinclair Story
Putting Your Spectum to Work
Mastering M.C. on the ZX81
Delving Deeper / Spectrum
Spectrum M.C. Made Easy II
Database Primer
Using a Modem W/Your Computer
101 Things to do W/Dead Compt
$12.95
$5.95
$8.95
$7.95
$10.95
$10.95
$12.95
$5.95
****PACKAGE SPECIALS****
Buy 1 ROM Switch at Regular Price
and get 2 FREE Magazines OR 1
FREE Program of Our Choice.
Buy 3 of the $3 T/S 1000 SW for $8
Buy 3 of the $2 T/S 1000 S/W for $5
Buy 3 of the $6 T/S 2068 S/W FOR $15
Buy 3 of the $2 T/S 2068 S/W for $5
Spelling $2.00
States & Caps $2.00
Horace & The Spiders $2.00
Fun Golf $2.00
Stock Market Sim. $2.00
And More - Write for Free Catalog
3D Grand Prix $2.00
Vegas/Jeopardy $2.00
ZXDB (as is) $2.00
Graphic Golf $3.00
Forty Niner $3.00
Tarot $2.00
And More - Write for Free Catalog
sinclair User $4.00
Computer & Video Games $4.00
Your Computer $4.00
QL World $4.00
3 mags shipped at one time 3/$10.95
(some back issues available.)
And More - Write for Free Catalog
* FREE S/H on all Software. Add .75 on Books if ordering alone - FREE S/H if ordering with Software.
* Add $1 S/H on ROM Switch, Speed King Joystick and on 2040 Paper Packs.
* All Software or Software/Book orders over $50 are shipped via UPS 2nd Day Air FREE (Cont. U.S. Only.)
* Please Write or Call for a FREE Catalog for Timex/Spectrum; QL or Atari ST Software, Hardware and Peripherials.
* Toll Free ORDER Line: 1-800-628-2828 Ext. 950 24 hrs. a day, 7 days a week.
* Call for Info on our “VIDEO CATALOG” of software.
P.O. Box 5607 @ Glendale, Arizona 85312-5607 © 1-602-978-2902 e Telex (via WUI): 6501267701
OFFICE: 2412 West Greenway e Suite B-10 e Phoenix, Arizona
curry
computer
THE PC TALKER
An exciting new Hardware item for the QL. Plugs into the Ser2 port. Utilizing
some very special speech chips TALKER can Say practically anything you type, and
the “voice”’ is very understandable.
Extremely easy to program using PRINT statement. A demo program is includ-
ed when you purchase TALKER.
TALKER is professionally housed in black ABS plastic. It comes with a 90 day
warranty and includes its own power supply.
PC TALKER is $64.95 plus $2.95 s/h.
CONCEPT 3D
A completely interactive program. All functions and choices are called with
single key entry. All required information and prompts are displayed on screen when
required. We like to think of the program as a “3D Graphics Processor’ since many
of the functions are much like those of a good word processor.
aN \ QS, = a
i wy AN a
AWN s NN Ak fi :
ee ’ to ANY Ne ae
ON Ry “ ies, : Tl NOY
sit \ \ \\ AW — \\\ REN \\ ay
; \ AY —T
a \\ ANN NN TN A“ ete =
2 \ WW SNK: 2
a ha AM
RRR \“ \\ ~ \\\ WAN “AS ANS eS "= ‘
Oa RA
RAN coer \ NAT REN
SAAN AN WN AN es == ARN: RR
\ AQ \ ‘ AN \\ ANN AKAN SF
maa NN Nt — aw AS
SONS “The United States has small
kes a Ni ‘S wht » : 5 A * .
. ae RAK SN ~\ == La tte SKN AN part of the QL pie but, if quality
AWS Rs r " wth AN AN ih Cee SAN Re ht Sy SSS Sh hh eh -— . ee
Aas \\ ‘ ANY mee |
AG Wik SO ANY AY \\ve ‘\“\ AN = St “ products such as Concept 3D
ny i KN % i‘ th ‘he .. 7 eh te iy ‘ Say Aa
a eS ARS we » =. * xin rs CO . ANON Soy SEEN continue to come from the
\ AN ht 4 i Nhs WAN 4 - a i
ae x SN AQ WK Ree ae = 28 \\ LOK \\ AWS AY . ~ “8 cou ntry which owns Silicon
AS \ SAAN
Sy ee = Valley, the American software
se AMAR « See ane
\\ ae A << ANY i
‘ AN YN AN A\\ -
AO Rin
\ \\ a f Se A hae Ls ae
a “ aS \ CAs ATs co Sy Mans tao SS. «Rouses Concerned should con-
AN Soh A Ss SON SN \\ A AN RRR Sa NY \ AS BAHN ro, ue o
ANS mee ayes aN ANN AA n “sagan oe SEN SA WON a Satta 3 AWE hoe =. g ratu jate themse | ves.
aes \\ Nis AW AN AS WAS Si “\ AX NS SAX BARR WQS ah “ \\ SS ws Ser ‘ NA ss
A AWW UK s AW ANY WAY WW Naenth eee N A SAN Nh ye St ate ese
My WEAN ~ \ SA NN ‘ a \\ WN AN \ NAS = ae \\ REN . » AN ONO WN, ANE AE ae
AN SAN x ANS SN \ SANE shina SAN ANN NS . AN A Shoe AN: Ne SA MWS Si .
ee RNR a inclair User
Oct. 1986
Call our Toll Free ORDER Line to order either of these fine products.
1-800-628-2828 ext. 950 24 hrs. a day - 7 days a week. Or call1-602-978-2902
for more information on our catalog.
We know the QL...We’ve been appreciating it longer.
The Lost Pharaoh $24.95
Dragonhold $29.95
Othello $24.95
Mortville’s Manor $34.95
Presidents $14.95
Wanderer $34.95
- QL GRAPHICS -
GraphiQL $34.95
TenchniQL $69.95
Concept 3D $39.95
QL Pientre $29.95
Graphic Toolkit $29.95
Thompson CaSE holds 12 Carts, $2.50
Avatex Modem 3000/1200 $109.95
512K RAM Expansion CALL
Adv. Programming on the QL $12.95
Word Processing onthe QL $12.95
Using GraphicsontheQL $12.95
Machine Code Prog. on the QL$12.95
Making the MostoftheQL $12.95
QL Games Master $12.95
Backgammon $24.95
Mortville’s Manor $34.95
- QL GAMES -
Baron Rouge $16.95
Vroom $24.95
Early Learning $24.95
Sqadrons $29.95
3D Slime $19.95
QL Chess $34.95
- QL UTILITIES -
Screen DUMP (Epson compat) $15.95
Choice Cartridge (use wice) $22.95
|.C.E. ROM Cartridge $34.95
RAM Disk Software $24.95
QCode - Terminal S/W $29.95
Cartridge Doctor $23.95
- QL HARDWARE AND ACCESS. -
Talker - Speech Synthesizer $64.95
RS232 Cable $14.95
Modem Cable $15.95
-QL BOOKS AND MAGAZINES -
Introduction to SuperBASIC $12.95
Desktop Computing on the QL $12.95
Profiting from the QL $12.95
Database Mgmt. onthe QL $12.95
Quantum Theory $11.95
QL Adventure Handbook $9.95
- FOR BRITISH QLs ONLY -
$24.95
$24.95
Early Learning
CAD Pak
curry
computer
Karate
Hyperdrive
Flight Simulator
BJ in 3D Land
Bounder
Knight Flight
- MISC. PROGRAMS -
QSpell
Assembler Workbench
QL Mail Merge
Nucleon
Superchecking
Cosmos
Monochrome Cable
RGB Cable
Cumana Disk I/F
QL Computing
QL SuperBASIC
QL Report per Year...
QL World
Sinclair User
Your Computer
Flight Navigation
Joystick Adapter
$24.95
$19.95
$29.95
$19.95
$24.95
$24.95
$29.95
$39.95
$24.95
$34.95
$14.95
$24.95
$14.95
$16.95
CALL
$9.95
$11.95
$15.00
$4.00
$4.00
$4.00
$24.95
$14.95
FREE Shipping on all Software. Add .75 per Book if ordering alone - FREE S/H if ordering with Software
Add $2.95 for Modem and Talker; $1 for Cables.
All Software of Software/Book orders over $50 are shipped via UPS 2nd Day Air FREE (Cont. U.S. Only)
Please Write or Call fora FREE Catalog for QL; Timex/Spectrum or Atari Software, Hardware and Peripherals.
Toll Free ORDER Line: 1-800-628-2828 ext. 950 24 hrs a day - 7 days a week.
P.O. Box 5607 e
OFFICE: 2412 West Greenway e Suite B-10 e Phoenix, Arizona
Glendale, Arizona 85312-5607 @ 1-602-978-2902 e Telex (via WUI): 6501267701
ASSIA
FREE ADS FOR SUBSCRIBERS
HOW WILL TAX REFORM AFFECT YOU?
Calculate 87, 88, 89 tax. Use
current or future data. Include
itemizing, not business. 2068
tape. $5 ppd. Max Schoenfeld,
2612 Princeton, Cleveland, OH
44118.
MONEY MACHINE II starring BANNA
BRITE! All new format. Banna turns
the letters. The Ultimate Word
Game for TS 2068 from ABBA SOFT.
$12.00 postpaid. Herb Bowers, 2588
Woodshire Circle, Chesapeake, VA
233e3<
WANTED: INTERCOMPUTER OSAVE fast
loading system for TS 1000. Also
any TS 1000 hardware working or
not. Want to swap software? Send
me your list. Dan Elliott, Rt l,
Box 117, Cabool, MO 65689.
FOR SALE: RAMEX MILLENIA K DDI.
Retail- $200.00 -— call with offer.
Also, Tasman C CPI - retail $70 -
call with best offer. Bill Nemitz
412 W. Golf Ave., Ottumwa, Iowa
52501. (515) 683-1367.
WANTED: HUNTER BOARD and/or other
TS 100 "what have you's". Contact:
Fred Henn, c/o Rockelman & Henn
Pump Co., Inc., 1333 Military Rd.,
Buffalo, NY 14217.
CLOSEOUT!!! TS 1000 SOFTWARE from
just 99¢c. Box 2382, La Jolla, CA
92038.
2068 SOFTWARE: Send S.A.S.E. for
FREE CATALOG to: TIMEWARE, INC.,
1907 1/2 W. Genesee St., Syracuse,
NY 13204.
FOR SALE: QL, Sinclair Monitor and
Printer. Memory boards, software,
new blank cartridges, various OL
books, QOL technical manual, spare
power supplies, ect. Call for
prices and details. (603) 847-3448.
FOR SALE: SEIKOSHA SP-10O00A NLO
Dot Matrix Printer. 2 Months old.
$130 ppd. UPS. Jerry McKouen,
2580 Lanier Dr., Lansing, MI
48911.
FOR SALE: TIMEX SINCLAIR 1000
Computer in METAL SLOPING CABINET,
with keyboard, power switch,
Westridge Modem, Aerco Centronics
Parallel Interface, Memotech 64k
RAM, RS cassette recorder, large
library of software including:
QOSAVE, Extended Basic, Sincartist,
Memotext WP, Games. Available as
complete package or by piece. If
interested, please contact:
Richard Beier, 1 Darwin Dr., N.
Merrick, NY 11566. Leave EMAIL on
CompuServe U.I.D. #73137, 1565.
SINCUS NEWS- $8/year= 6 issues.
Heavy on 2068 help, hints and
programs: Mail check to SINCUS,
1229 Rhodes Rd., Johnson City, NY
13790- a non profit, all volunteer
user group for 1000/2068 users.
NEW BOOK 1000/2068 of 20 (mostly)
Basic program listings and ex-
planations: Grocerylist, Edit-
Writer (wordprocessor), Treasure-
tract (accounting), Danceshoes,
Minutes, Songs (sing-a-long),
Studygame, Barg (graph-maker) and
more. Start where I left off!
Send $25 Canadian to: BLUE VIOLET
PUBLISHING Inc., 1452 Kingsdale,
Gloucester, Ont., K1T-1G9 Canada,
for a copy.
SOFTWARE FOR THE TS 2068. Send
SASE for FREE CATALOG & price list
to: E. Ray Rash, 2424 SW 78th St.,
Oklahoma City, OK 73159
Do you have some equipment or a program that you would like to sell? Looking for something hard to find? Place an
ad in THE CLASSIFIEDS! Subscribers can place one free personal ad in each issue. Ad size is 32 Col. wide (like 2040
paper) and maximum of six lines. For additional lines - $3 each. NON-SUBSCRIBERS and DEALERS: $4 a line.
DEADLINE FOR ALL CLASSIFIED ADS: Two weeks before publication date. Mail your ad to:
TIME DESIGNS MAGAZINE, The Classifieds Dept., 29722 Hult Rd., Colton, Oregon 97017.
a
== NEW PRODUCTS
For TS2068 and SPECTRUM
VERSION 1.1
* Pull-Down Menus *® Auto-Speed Control ® Includes Spectrum & TS2068 Versions
* Several Brushes ® Magnify & Reduce * Supports Microdrives and Kempston
* Spray * Rotate & Mirror Joystick
* Auto-Fill ® Full Attribute Control * Includes GALLERY, the slide
* Zoom * Fully Elastic Shapes including Circle, show/animator
* Undo Box, Triangle, Ray and Line ¢ 5 Samples of Artwork
* Several Text Fonts * Fast Ellipse and Arc * Excellent Manual
* Cut & Paste Windows
Unshackle your creativity with ... ARTWORX!!
ARTWORX V1.1 - $19.95 U.S. plus $3.00S & H
REVOLUTIONARY NEW BASIC COMPILER...
The dream of every BASIC programmer has now been realized!
* TIMACHINE will turn your BASIC * Handles all BASIC except 1/O
into super-fast machine code, * Includes an excellent manual and
running up to 200 times faster! 4 demonstration programs
* Handles floating point operations * Compiles up to 27K in seconds
like SIN, COS, TAN * Includes Spectrum & 2068 versions
Super-Charge your BASIC programs with... T/MACHINE!
TIMACHINE — $19.95 U.S. Plus $3.005 & H
| he ew QOULeSoRr qs
fie" at
ai,
A unique combination of planning aids, Ss BS tools, and utilities.
* Scheduler/Planner * Biorhythms
* Notepad * Perpetual Calendar
* Telephone Book * International Time Zones
* Programmable Calculator * Superb Manual
* Decision Factoring * includes Spectrum & TS2068
* Real Time Clock Versions
* Supports Microdrives
A TIMELY ADDITION TO YOUR SOFTWARE LIBRARY... THE WORX!
— $19.95 U.S. Plus $3.005 & H
: = fllovelsoft
————— — eae — — A FORMAT FOR THE FUTURE
106 Seventh Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M8V 3B4 ¢ TEL. (416)259-8682 ¢ CompuServe 70416,1435
WEYMIL presents...
A small collection of truly innovative products for Sinclair computers
THRUST TS1000
True hi-res graphics for the TS 1000. THRUST is two
great programs on one tape. Sinc-Artist 1.3 is the most
user friendly software ever developed for printer
graphics. Completely cursor and menu driven. For
Hunter Board users, there’s Sinc-Artist HR which pro-
duces fantastic screen graphics. THRUST is both the
most sophisticated and easiest to use hi-res graphics
software ever developed for the TS 1000. If you are
ready for no-nonsense, hassle free graphics, then
THRUST is a ‘must have.”
THRUST for the TS 1000 only $20.00
ARTWORX V1.1 TS 2068
England’s finest graphics package! ARTWORX V1.1
establishes a new standard for color graphics with
features never before available on small systems. Auto
speed control, pull down menus, unique cut and past
windows, ZOOM!, elastic shapes, multiple fonts,
CENTRONICS I/F capability for full-size print-outs,
and more. All this plus an absolutely uncluttered
screen for full creativity. Easy to use. The joystick
controls EVERYHTING except text entry. The highly
supportive well-written documentation is almost un-
nessesary.
ARTWORX V1.1 for the TS2068 only $19.95
PIXEL SKETCH AND GRAPHICS
EDITOR V2.0 TS 2068
This program by Stan Lemke still remains the finest
graphics program produced in the United States and
one of the best in the world for the TS 2068. It has had
excellent*user group reviews and is a snap to use. Well
written, step-by-step documentation guides you ef-
fortlessly from loading to producing you own
““masterpiece.”’ Great pixel and text placement contol.
PIXEL SKETCH AND GRAPHICS EDITOR V2.0
only $19.95
KRUNCHER TS 2068 / TS 1000
From the Pacific Northwest comes one of the most ex-
citing utilites ever written. KRUNCHER takes any
BASIC program for the TS 2068 or TS 1000 and in-
stantly reduces it to the tightest BASIC possible
thereby conserving precious memory. Imagine all of
those litthke memory saving tips developed over the
years in one program which performs automatically
and takes up less than 190 bytes! Simply load KRUN-
CHER, locate it where you want it, load or write your
BASIC progrm, invoke KRUNCHER, blink your eye
and it’s done. Memory savings average 20-40%, Great
learning aid for programmers of all levels.
KRUNCHER for TS1000 or TS2068 only $10.00
(Please specify TS1000 or TS2068)
TIME MACHINE TS 2068
The first SERIOUS COMPILER for the TS2068. Now
you can convert BASIC programs to super fast
MACHINE CODE without a lot of hassle. Converts
both TS 2068 and SPECTRUM Programs. It func-
tions as both an integer and floating point compiler
simultaneously without the restrictions of either. Com-
piled code can be placed anywhere in RAM. Handles
up to 27K of BASIC. Programs can be either written
or loaded from tape. You've wainted a long time for
this one and here it is!
TIME MACHINE for the TS2068 only $19.95
RIGTER JOYSTICK INTERFACE TS 1000
This is a software programmable Atari-type joystick
interface. it can handle up to 16 different directions or
commands easily. It has it’s own self-contained
memory so that it’s software occupies no system ram.
The software allows you to configure your joystick to
ANY TS1000 game or graphic software (THRUST,
for example) and it’s ready to go. Rear expansion bus
allows other peripherals and the interface is completely
transparent.
RIGTER JOYSTICK INTERFACE for TS 1000
only $39.95
MINI XMOD TS 1000
Use your TS1000 and Westridge modem to
up/download TSi000 software to any XMODEM BBS
and see them run. Supports Memotech Centronics I/F
and others for print-outs to full size printers. Standard
RAM and Hunter Board versions included on same
tape.
MINI XMOD for the TS 1000 only $20.00
LOADER V TS 2068
This program turns MTERM into a REAL com-
munications program. Here’s what you get. Auto-
repeat dialing, extra 20 number dialing directory, full
TASWORD II and MSCRIPT text file handling
capability, disk drive and Wafer drive compatible,
multiple loading of Mterm’s buffer while on line, and
full XMODEM capability. This program is the COM-
PLETE LOADER SERIES,
LOADER V for TS 2068 only $10.00
CLONE TS 2068
A sophisticated program which allows the user to
make back-up copies of ANY TS2068 or SPECTRUM |
software for their own use. Requires no fancy filters or
extra tape recorders. Easy to follow instructions make
it simple to protect your valuable originals.
CLONE for the TS2068 only $10.00
i
EE oT
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SPECIAL OFFER!!!
Save $5.00 when you order the combination of THRUST, RIGTER JOYSTICK INTERFACE, and KRUNCHER 1000
you pay only $64.95
SHIPPING INSTRUCTIONS Please enclose $2.00 shipping and handling with your order.
~ A A
WEYMIL CORPORATION
BOX 5904
BELLINGHAM, WA 98227—5904
