THE COLOR COMPUTER MONTHLY MAGAZINE
Our Annual Education Issue
Ahead of the Class
ision Tutor
m 1 it
g Chart for Teachers
in Geography
o Cha
Plus:
H. Allen Curtis 1
Desktop Publisher,
ami much, much MORE!
r
w
* Prices subject to change without notice.
* No refunds or exchanges permitted due
to the nature of the product.
(Disk Only) Game, Phaser & Interface
$29.95 U.S. $74.95 U.S.
$37.95 Can. $93.95 Can.
HIGH
SCORE
PLAYER 1
IRON FOREST -CoCo 3
' * ['J I
RUSH'N ASSAULT- CoCo 1, 2 or 3
ENERGY
BULLETS
50
GRENADES
56
PLAYER 2
ENERGY
BULLETS
50
GRENADES
20
i •] i
'PlSMiJIlMSlIlK
liTT|
ml
jiid
1 1 *1 1 1 1 1
E
UNC
We accept:
6715 FIFTH LINE, MILTON, ONT., CANADA L9T 2X8
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personal service 9-5
E.S.T.
Please add $2 for shipping and handling (add
$5 each for The Rat and all Light Phaser
Packages). Ontario residents add 8% sales
tax. Looking for new software.
128 k CoCo 3 joystick and disk drive required.
i
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LUS
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after
BIG SAVINGS ON A FULL COMPLEMENT OF RADIO SHACK COMPUTER PRODUCTS
COMPUTERS
Tandy 1000 HX 1 Drive 256K 539.00
Tandy 1 000 TX 1 Drive 640K 889.00
Tandy 3000 HL1 Drive 512K 1129.00
Tandy 4000 1 Drive 1 Meg.Ram 1959.00
Tandy 5000 MC 2 Meg. Ram 3699.00
PRINTERS
Radio Shack DMP-106 80 CPS 169.00
Radio Shack DMP-1 32 1 20 CPS 289.00
Radio Shack DMP-440 300 CPS 549.00
Radio Shack DWP-230 Daisy Wh. 349.00
Tandy LP-1000 Laser Printer 1899.00
Star Micronics NX-1000 144 CPS 199.00
Star Micronics NX-1000 Rainbow 269.00
Panasonic P-1080i 144 CPS 199.00
Panasonic P-1091i 194 CPS 249.00
Panasonic P-1 092i 240 CPS 339.00
Okidata 320 300 CPS 369.00
Okidata 390 270 CPS 24 Wire Hd 515.00
NEC Pinwriter P-2200 170 CPS 399.00
MODEMS
Radio Shack DCM4 52.00
Radio Shack DCM-7 85.00
Practical Peripheral 2400 Baud 229.00
Practical Peripheral 1200 Baud 149.00
COLOR COMPUTER MISC.
Radio Shack Drive Controller 99.00
Extended Basic Rom Kit (28 pin) 14.95
64K Ram Upgrade Kit (2 or 8 chip) 39.00
Radio Shack Deluxe Keyboard Kit 24.95
HI-RES Joystick Interface 8.95
Color Computer Deluxe Mouse 44.00
Multi Pak Pal Chip for COCO 3 14.95
PBH Converter with 64K Buffer 1 19.00
Serial to Parallel Converter 59.95
Radio Shack Deluxe Joystick 26.95
Magnavox 8515 RGB Monitor 329.00
Magnavox Green or Amber Mon. 99.00
Radio Shack CM-8 RGB Monitor 249.00
Radio Shack VM-4 Green Monitor 99.00
PBJ OK COCO 3 Upgrade Board 19.95
PBJ 51 2K COCO 3 Upgrade 1 39.00
Tandy OK COCO 3 Upgrade Board 24.95
Tandy 51 2K COCO 3 Upgrade 149.00
COLOR COMPUTER SOFTWARE
TAPE DISK
The Wild West (CoCo3) 25.95
Worlds Of Flight 34.95 34.95
Mustang P-51 Flight Simul. 34.95 34.95
COCO Util II by Mark Data 39.95
COCO Max III by Colorware 79.95
AutoTerm by PXE Comput. 29.95 39.95
TW-80 by Spectrum (CoCo3) 39.95
Telewriter 64 49.95 59.95
Telewriter 128 79.95
Elite Word 80 79.95
Elite Calc 3.0 69.95
CoCo 3 512K Ram Disk-CerComp 19.95
Home Publisher by Tandy (CoCo3) 35.95
Sub Battle Sim. by Epyx (CoCo3) 26.95
Thexder by Sierra (CoCo3) 22.45
Kings Quest III by Sierra (CoCo3) 31 .45
Flight Sim.ll by SubLogic (CoCo3) 31 .45
OS-9 Level II by Tandy 71 .95
OS-9 Development System 89.95
Multi-View by Tandy 44.95
VIP Writer (disk only) 69.95
VIP Integrated Library (disk) 149.95
Prices are subject to change without
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m
P.O. Box 1094
480 King Street
Littleton, MA 01460 ■ SINCE 1973
IN MASSACHUSETTS CALL (508) 486-31 93
TRS-80 is a registered trademark of Tandy Corp.
T a b le of Cont e nts !
1 Fe a tur e s
16
Stalking
the Used Car
Richard Johnson
This program guides you to
an elusive creature — a good
used car!
30 >
Mass Disk Formatter
Neal Larson
Cut down on time spent
formatting disks
34
41
RAINBOWfest
Reporter
Cray Augsburg
The scoop on the Chicago
Show
34
The Big Bad Wolf
Rick Cooper
Fantasy joins forces with
CoCo to help children's
reading skills
A Seat for ^
Everyone and
Everyone in His Seat
Donald A. Turowski
It's schooltime — do you
know where your children
sit?
Long Division Drill ™
Richard D. Gordley
An arcade game rewards
students for the right answer
60 %
States and Capitals
Rick Cooper
Use this challenging game to
help students remember their
geography lessons
September 1988
Vol. VIII No. 2
Clue Me In! +
James and Mary Jean
Lamonica
Let's gather around the CoCo
and play a game of one-word
Charades
98 ^
What a Dump!
William P. Nee
Part III: Machine Language
Made BASIC
102
The Desktop
Publisher: A Reprise
H. Allen Curtis
More choices, more creativity
now available
122
On VCR Time
Fred Hair, Jr.
Calculating time intervals
for VCR tape 55
4 THE RAINBOW September 1988
70
See the World
Bill Bernico
71
Mental Math Blocks
Keiran Kenny
71
When in Rome
Dan and John Weaver
72
Answers for Your
Questions
Keiran Kenny
74
CoCo Clowns Around
Ana M. Rodriguez
76
Cider Sipping
Darren Day
76
CoCo ASCI I Table
Ken Ostrer
,;«5^The cassette tape/disk sym-
bols beside features and col-
umns indicate that the program listings
with those articles are on this month's
RAINBOW ON TAPE and RAI N-
bow on disk Those with only the
disk symbol are hot available on
rainbow on tape. For details,
check the rainbow on tape and
rainbow on disk ad on Page 52.
Advertisers Index
Back Issue Info _
CoCo Gallery Live.
Hints
160
155
26
134
Letters to Rainbow 6
One-Liners 37, 120, 137,
140
_158
_ 14
_135
Racksellers _
Rainbow Info
Received & Certified _
Submitting Material
to Rainbow 144
Subscription Info 148
AS
■MS.<
86
BASICally Speaking
Bill Bernico
BASIC programming
questions answered in this
new column
80
BASIC Training
Joseph Kolar
Creating a utility worksheet
88
CoCo Consultations
Marty Goodman
Just what the doctor ordered
118
Delphi Bureau
Cray Augsburg
Creating online and
Hutchison's database report
138
Doctor ASCII
Richard Esposito
The question fixer
136
Education Notes ^
Steve Blyn
Locating the topic
10
PRINT#-2,
Lawrence C. Falk
Editor's notes
140
Turn of the Screw
Tony DiStefano
Summer cleanup
Wishing Well ^
Fred Scerbo
Opposite attraction
1 Rainbowtech
142 %
Accessible Applications
Richard A. White
The magic and mysteries of
OS-9
150
Barden's Buffer
William Barden, Jr.
Assembly language
for the complete novice
"KISSabfe OS-9" will return
next month
A Mazing World of Malcolm Mortar
/Tandy Corporation
Car Sign Designer/Zebra Systems
Graphics-25/G/mmesoff
Labyrinth/flrB Software
MPI Locking Plate/ Gimmesoft
Math Games/E.Z Friendly Software.
Multi-Menu/A/pfta Soft
Teddy Bears/E.Z. Friendly Software.
VIP Writer lll/SD Enterprises
.132
.130
.131
.133
.133
.129
.128
.132
.126
THE rainbow is published ©very month of the year by FALSOFT, Inc., The
Falsoft Building, 9509 U.S. Highway 42, P.O. Box 385, Prospect, KY 40059,
Shone (502) 228-4492. THE RAINBOW, R A I N B O Wf est and THE RAINBOW and
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Second class postage paid Prospect, KY and additional offices. USPS N. 705-
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rainbow, P.O. Box 385, Prospect, KY 40059. Authorized as second class
postage paid from Hamilton, Ontario by Canada Post, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
• Entire contents copyright © by FALSOFT, Inc., 1 988. THE rainbow is intended
for the private use and pleasure of its subscribers and purchasers and
reproduction by any means is prohibited. Use of information herein is for the
single end use of purchasers and any other use is expressly prohibited. Ail
programs herein are distributed in an "as is" basis, without warranty of any kind
whatsoever. • Tandy, Color basic, Extended Color basic and Program Pak are
registered ® trademarks of the Tandy Corp. © Subscriptions to the rainbow
are $31 per year in the United States. Canadian rates are U.S. $38. Surface mail
to other countries is U.S. $68, air mail U.S. $103. All subscriptions begin with
next available issue. • Limited back issues are available. Please see notice for
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after two issues are mailed. No refund after mailing of three or more magazines.
The Rainbow
Editor and Publisher
Lawrence C. Falk
Managing Editor Jutta Kapf hammer
Associate Editor Sue Fomby
Reviews Editor Lauren Willoughby
Submissions Editor Angela Kapfhammer
Copy Editor Beth Haendiges
Technical Editors Cray Augsburg, •
Ed Eilers
Technical Assistant David Horrar *
Editorial Assistants Sue H: Evans, ;
Wendy Falk
Contributing Editors
William Barden, Jr., ■:.«;:
Steve Blyn, Tony DiStefano,
Richard Esposito,
Martin Goodman, M.D.,
Joseph Kolar, Dale Puckett, *
Fred Scerbo, Richard White
Art Director Heidi Maxedon
Designers Sharon Adams,
Typesetter Eloise Gaines
Falsoft, Inc.
President Lawrence C. Falk
General Manager Bonnie Frowenfeld
Asst. General Mgr. for Finance
Donna Shuck
Admin. Asst to the Publisher
Sarah Levin
Editorial Director John Crawley
Asst. Editorial Director Judi Hutchinson
Senior Editor T. Kevin Nickols
Director of Production Jim Cleveland
Chief Bookkeeper Diane Moore
Dealer Accounts Judy Quashnock
Asst. General Manager For Administration
Sandy Apple
Word Processor Manager
Patricia Eaton
Customer Service Manager
Beverly Bearden
Customer Service Representative
Carolyn Fenwick
Development Coordinator IraBarsky
Chief of Printing Services Melba Smith
Dispatch Tony Olive
Business Assistants Anne Brooks,
Laurie Falk
Chief of Building Security
and Maintenance
Jessie Brooks
Advertising Coordinator Doris Taylor
Advertising Representatives
Belinda Kirby, Kim Vincent
Advertising Assistant Debbie Baxter
(502) 228-4492
For RAINBOW Advertising and
Marketing Office Information,
see Page 160
Cover illustration copyright © 1968
by Fred Crawford
September 1988 THE RAINBOW 5
BACK TALK
Editor:
Lonnie Falk's editorial ["Much Ado
About 'The Suit"] in the June '88 issue
brings to light several basic problems within
the industry itself, one of which is the nit-
pick, do-or-die competition among rivals.
Trying to be the fastest with the most and
the biggest, with more options, features,
bells and whistles, has created confused,
troubled and annoyed consumers — not
only in the public but the industrial consum-
er as well. The razzle-dazzle is the bait for
the consumer to turn loose the buck.
The industry itself has forgotten the roots
of its existence: service. If the glitz is there,
and there is no understanding of the equip-
ment or programs on the consumer's part,
then the service aspect is lost, probably
forever. Confused complexity becomes the
fountainhead on which most of the newest
machines are now being criticized and
rejected on a regular basis.
The basic tenet in your editorial failed to
mention why Tandy, and in particular the
CoCo, has become the foundation and the
cornerstone of a successful, popular home
system. The CoCo exists today because of
people. Thousands of people all across the
United States, some in user groups, some
acting alone, have supported, helped and
taught others to use and understand the
CoCo. No other machine enjoys such out-
standing support. People's support means
maximum service, whether you're a be-
ginner or an engineer, and has made the
CoCo what it is today. It is precisely because
of this support that the CoCo is so delight-
fully adaptable; your imagination is the only
limit.
Our littJe support group has demon-
strated, experimented, taught, and argued
over almost everything about the CoCo.
Quite a few people obtained a great deal of
help, support and encouragement without a
huge investment of time and cost in a trial
and error effort.
Opening up various programs and sys-
tems will allow a further simplicity and
understanding of the basic machine, thus
aiding everyone in its use. This is something
Apple has failed to do and IBM is just now
correcting. A machine will always remain
just that until people themselves are sup-
ported either at the corporate or grass-roots
level, "the suit" not withstanding.
Fred K. Garcia
Santa Maria, CA
Vaccinating Your System
Editor:
I want to comment on Jim Stafford's
letter [July 1988, Page 6]. First, Trojan
horses and viruses are not the same breed of
pest. A Trojan horse program can only erase
the disk on which it resides. A virus can
replicate itself in a computer's memory and
copy itself onto any disk placed in the drive.
Therefore, a Trojan horse is the lesser of the
two evils.
Those who never boot up OS-9 have little
to fear. To be effective, a virus must place
itself in the system bootfile so that it is
loaded at every computer use. Since Disk
basic boots from ROM, a virus terminates
when the machine shuts down. If you use
ADOS-3 or a DOS you must first load, there
is a small threat. Vaccinate the system by
burning the original system (from the orig-
inal disk) into an EPROM.
OS-9 is a different story. Whoever created
the original virus could easily build another
that hides in the OS-9 pi module and infects
every OS-9 disk you have. There are precau-
tions you can take against these nuisances.
OS-9 users should keep a backup of the
system disk used to boot up. Use a current
backup of the BASIC09 and system disks
originally with the OS-9 system. Create and
back up the customized disk and then store
it. After downloading programs from a
public domain BBS, use the Compare com-
mand to compare the OS-9Boot file on your
backup. Then run all of the downloaded
programs individually, comparing your
backup after each. If any changes occur,
don't reboot with that disk or use it until
someone competent has checked it out.
Never use an unchecked program on your
hard disk. Don't even access the hard disk
until you are certain the new program is
virus-free.
Mike Stute
Hays, KS
An Anniversary Surprise
Editor:
I studied the cover of the July 1988 issue
for a long time. I noticed that there were
seven characters: one for each anniversary!
At first I thought each character carried a
sample copy of the rainbow, but then I
found that they were each carrying a differ-
ent anniversary issue. Dorothy carries the
premier issue. The other characters carry the
following issues: Toto, '83; Lion, '84; Wi-
zard, '85; Tin Woodman, '86; Scarecrow, '87;
and CoCo, '88. Toto shouldn't carry the July
'83 issue in his mouth. That issue included
a soundsheet (record) of the programs. Toto
would have bent (and dampened) the sound-
sheet.
With the exception of the May '82 issue,
my rainbow collection is complete. Does
any reader have that issue for sale?
I like the new clear plastic mailer. Now the
postal service can see why we enjoy the
rainbow so much.
Lee Deuett
Shell Rock, I A
REQUEST HOTLINE
Editor:
We are a CoCo family. We have three: a
CoCo 1 with 64K and two single-sided disk
drives; a CoCo 3 with 51 2K and two double-
sided drives; and a CoCo 3 with 128K and
two double-sided disk drives, a monocrome
monitor and NX 1000.
Every month I read letters and articles in
the rainbow questioning or defending the
CoCo. The basic question seems to be: Is it
a computer or a toy?
The CoCo is a very talented computer;
however, it lacks what is needed to keep it
from being considered a toy. That is soft-
ware,
I am a knowledgeable computer user; I am
not, and do not want to be, a programmer.
That's my son's love, not mine.
Two of my CoCos are used for two dif-
ferent small businesses at two locations. To
say that I have outgrown the business
application software I have seen is an
understatement.
I do word processing and use TW-64 as
modified by TW-80, with no complaints. I
also do a lot of mail lists, some large, and
most ranging between 200-500 names, and
I know of no commercially available CoCo
software that can handle these lists. We have
modified a commercial software package
that "only runs on the CoCo 1 and 2" to run
on our CoCo 3s. We run both disk-resident
versions and RAM disk versions. At this
stage, it is more than adequate.
I run DynaCalc, which is a fine spread-
sheet. But when will we see a CoCo 3 version
that uses the capabilities of our machine?
I use a much-modified inventory control
program that does the job for me, and a
commercially available accounts receivable
package whose general ledger portion is not
adequate. Instead, I use a DynaCalc spread-
sheet for this purpose.
I do not feel the CoCo 3 has the business
software available to make this most capable
tool a true computer. I am ready for fully
integrated business packages, but where are
they? Am I alone? We have the hardware and
the operating systems, but not the software.
In addition, I would like to see THE
rainbow do more for business applications.
I know we have a yearly Business issue, but
I would like to see a monthly business
column — a forum where those of us who
want to use the CoCo could exchange ideas,
patches, reviews, comments on business
software, modifications and programs.
Paul M. Cornez
Springfield, OH
See SD Enterprises' ad for informa-
tion on VIP Database III and Sugar
Software's ad for information on
TIMS Mail.
6 THE RAINBOW September 1988
AUTOTERM
TURNS YOUR COLOR COMPUTER INTO THE
WORLD'S &
SMARTEST TERMINAL!
YOU'LL ALSO USE AUTOTERM FOR SIMPLE
WORD PROCESSING & RECORD KEEPING
EXTRA FEATURES ON COCO 3 DISK
80 char, screen, 2400 baud thru serial port,
95,000 to 475,000 character buffer.
EASY COMMUNICATION + WORD PROCESSING + TOTAL AUTOMATION
Full prompting and error checking.
Step-by-step manual has examples.
Scroll text backward and forward. No
split words on screen or printout.
Save, load, delete files while on line.
Print, save all or any part of text. 300
or 1200 baud. All 128 ASCII
characters. Works with D.C. Hayes or
any modem. Screen widths of 32, 40,
42, 51 64.
DISK VERSION SUPPORTS RS232
PAK, XMODEM and SPLIT SCREEN
FOR PACKET RADIO.
Please hire the mentally retarded.
They are sincere, hard working and
appreciative. Thanks! _, „.
Phyllis.
Editing is super simple with the
cursor. Find strings instantly too!
Insert printer control codes. Specify
page size and margins. Switch
quickly between word processing
and intelligent terminal action. Create
text, correct your typing errors; then
connect to the other computer,
upload your text or files, download
information, file it, and sign-off; then
edit the receive data, print it in an
attractive format, and/or save it on
file. Compatible with TELEWRITER.
CASSETTE $29.95
DISKETTE $39.95
Add $3 shipping and handling
MC/VISA/CO.D.
Advanced system of keystroke
macros lets you automate any
activity, such as dial via modem,
sign-on, interact, sign-off, print, save.
Perform entire session. Act as
message taker. At start-up, disk
version can automatically set
parameters, dial, sign-on, interact,
read/write disk, sign-off, etc. Timed
execution lets AUTOTERM work
while you sleep or play. No other
computer can match your COCO's
intelligence as a terminal.
PXE Computing
11 Vicksburg Lane
Richardson, Texas 75080
214/699-7273
INFORMATION PLEASE
Editor:
I have a TRS-80 II with disk. I would like
to purchase a small printer that uses 3- or
3 '/2-inch roll paper.
Can you give me information on such a
printer and where to purchase it? I have seen
a Citizen's DP 560-CD being used on a
Commodore, but the stores in Corpus
Christi, Texas, don't know where I can buy
this printer.
1 would buy a larger printer if there is one
available that you can use 3!/$-inch tape or
perforated paper on.
Marie Tucker
Rt. 4, Box 178-C
Robstown, TX 78380
Printing Transparencies
Editor:
I have been a loyal reader and supporter
of your advertisers since 1 purchased my
CoCo 2 in October 1985. I have gradually
added the CGP-220, CoCo Max II and
hardcopy, as well as other font, border, and
picture collections.
As a college business instructor and
management trainer, I use my CGP-220 to
print graphics for use on plastic overhead
projector transparencies. At present, I print
out the graphics and then use a copier to
transfer them onto the plastic transparency
sheets. I recently learned that an ink jet
printer may be used to print color graphics
directly on transparency sheets. I have tried
to do this, but on standard transparency
plastic, the ink from my CGP-220 will not
dry. A source at Tandy in Fort Worth told
me that a transparency sheet was once
available for the CGP-220, but it has been
discontinued for over a year.
In the February '88 rainbow, Charles R.
Womble said that the CGP-220 is still made
by Canon USA, Inc., as the PJ-1080A Ink
Jet Printer. Canon makes the FPAL-10
transparency sheet for this ink jet printer.
Have any rainbow readers successfully
used these sheets, or any other brand of
transparency plastic, in the CGP-220 to
make color overhead transparencies?
Melanie Roy
304 Stacie Ct.
Savannah, GA 31406
Help with DynaCalc
Editor:
In the January '88 issue of rainbow, you
have what appears to be a fine program,
Appointment Calendar, by W.J. Holdorf
(Page 100).
I have a 5 12K CoCo 3 with two drives and
an Epson RX-80 printer. I am hoping that
one of your readers can supply me with the
needed corrections to use this program with
my printer. (A programmer, I am not.)
My second request is in regard to Dyna-
Calc. When I enter /P, the screen shows I
am formatted for single spacing; however, I
am not getting single spacing on my print-
outs. Some of my files are 50 to 60 lines long,
and I want to put them on one sheet of paper.
My third problem is also about Dyna-
Calc. I can find no way to save my files on
a separate disk. The only thing I have been
able to do is save them on the same disk as
the program. I want to be able to have a data
disk.
Charles W. Currier
96 Shamrock Circle
Santa Rosa, CA 95403
To modify Appointment Calendar
to run on your Epson RX-80, follow
the instructions detailed in "Printer
Diversions and Conversions" on Page
142 of the August '88 issue.
We assume you are using the
OS-9 version of DynaCalc as sold by
Radio Shack. To eliminate the extra
linefeed, you will need to use Debug
or Mod patch to make the following
changes to DynaCalc;
Offset Old Value New Value
7
8
4BE2
5215
80
63
26
16
81
62
20
17
KUDOS
Editor:
Thanks to Microcom Software. A couple
of weeks ago I ran into a problem with Word
Power 3.1. Whenever I changed the parame-
September 1988 THE RAINBOW 7
ter on the Option menu, the program locked
up. 1 wrote Microcom, explained my prob-
lem and asked if there was a software patch
to fix the problem. One week later, I received
a new copy of the program, a sincere apol-
ogy and explanation. (Apparently the copy
program contained an error that caused the
Option menu to hang up.) Naturally, the
new copy works perfectly.
It's good to know there are some honest
companies that offer prompt, sincere ser-
vice. 1 hope other readers keep this in mind
when looking for new CoCo products.
Dave France
Davenport, I A
Far-Reaching Thanks
Editor:
I live on a little island in the Pacific Ocean
(really, I do!). The nearest Radio Shack
Store is over 5,000 miles away. I was reluc-
tant to sustain my computing needs through
mail order.
THE rainbow is my only link with the real
world. On the inside front cover of the
magazine, I found a company that has met
my needs with excellent service. My new
CoCo 3 arrived in November, the disk drive
in February and the software in June. Each
order took less than two weeks to travel
halfway across the world! My thanks go to
Computer Plus for supporting rainbow and
its readers around the world.
Steve Knapik
Technical Sgt, USAF
I
PKN PALS
• 1 am a 20-year-old robotics assembly line
electrician looking for pen pals from the
U.S. and around the world. I have a 64K
CoCo 2, a 128K CoCo 3, FD 501 drive,
DMP-J05 printer, Multi-Pak and a Radio
Shack modem.
Tim Fultz
Rt. 1, Box 275
Bonneau, SC 29431
• I am 18 years old and would like to have
pen pals from anywhere. I have a CoCo 1,
a CoCo 3, two drives, a modem and SG-10X
printer.
Pedro A, Torres
Cuernavaca 1699
Venus Gardens
Rio Piedra, PR 00926
• I am a 48-year-old man who would like
to correspond with any individual who
enjoys the CoCo 3 and enjoys typing in
programs from the rainbow. I own a 128K
CoCo 3, FD 50 1 disk drive, CCR-82 cassette
recorder and D MP- 105 printer.
Donald L. Villiard
122 Cedar Lane
Starkville, MS 39759
• I am 15 years old and have a 64K CoCo
2, 128K CoCo 3, TEAC 55bv DS/DD drive,
STAR NX-10 printer, DMP-106 printer, a
CCR-8 1 cassette recorder, and a CM-8 RGB
monitor. I am looking for pen pals in the
central Illinois area but would like pen pals
anywhere in the United States also.
Vance Evan Pierce
1306 N Franklin
Danville, IL 61832
• I am 19 years old and looking for a pen
pal from anywhere in the world. I have a
CoCo 2, DMP-105 printer and a FD 501
disk drive. If you enjoy using your computer
and being able to learn new things every time
you use it, like I do, write!
Karen Rimiller
RR #1, Box 8600
Adams, NY 13605
• I would like to have pen pals from every-
where. I am new to computers. 1 have a
CoCo 1, CoCo 3, SG-10 printer, modem,
two disk drives and a Multi-Pak. I promise
to answer every letter.
Sharon Decoopman
64 Devonshire Ave.
Apt. 302
Tillsonburg, Ontario
Canada N4G 4 K9
• I am 28 years old and have had my CoCo
2 for three years. I have two disk drives,
cassette, modem and a DMP-106 printer. I
will respond to all who write.
Norman Lamoureux
254 l h Confederation Street
Sarnia, Ontario
Canada N7T 2 Al
• I am 16 years old and am looking for pen
pals anywhere in the world. I enjoy Adven-
tures and programming. I have a CoCo 2
and a disk drive and plan to buy a printer
in the near future. I will answer all letters.
Joseph Delaney
3527 Kindling Drive
Augusta, GA 30906
BULLETIN BOARD SYSTEMS
• The Glass Menagerie BBS is now running
at 300/ 1200/2400 baud. We have 43 Meg of
hard disk storage online. We offer over 420
public domain CoCo programs for the
CoCo 2 and 3. We have a great game room
and a large message base that includes SIGs
for all major computer types. We also have
workshops for BASIC, OS-9 and, soon,
machine language programming. The BBS
runs on a CoCo 2, using a highly modified
Colorama BBS program. All support files
and programs, and most games were written
by the SysOp and Co-SysOp. The phone
number is (215) 376-1819.
Allen Cravener (SysOp)
Lewis Brubaker (Co-SysOp)
The Glass Menagerie
1137 Cotton St
Reading PA 19602
• I am pleased to announce the grand
opening of ComStar 3, Atlanta's first and
only CoCo 3 BBS. We run the Tandy User's
BBS v. 2.4 on a 512K CoCo 3. Features
include CoCo 3 uploads and downloads,
EMAIL and message bases for every inter-
est. Online 24 hours a day, seven days a
week, at 300/ 1200 baud, 8-N-l. New callers
are granted immediate accounts. Call (404)
980-0088 and log on today.
Jeff Freeman (SysOp)
ComStar 3
1960 Spectrum Circle
Atlanta, GA 30067
• I invite all CoCo enthusiasts to call
Trader's Hotline BBS. It features 40 Meg of
storage, 17 subject boards ranging from
movie reviews to political discussion, over
400 online text files, and a CoCo AE with
XModem, Y Modem and upload and down-
load. We run 24 hours a day at 300/ 1200/
2400/4800/9600 baud, 7-E-l. Call (405) 436-
6885.
Colin J. Smith
R 3, Box 212c
Ada, OK 74820
• The CoCoshop BBS of West Valley turns
one year old in July '88. We are running our
BBS on Color Connect BBS Software v. 1.1
written by our SysOp, Terry Gray. We run
at 7-E-l, 300/1200 baud. Call (801) 250-
1941.
The DataWarehouse of Spokane, Wash,
and its sister-board in Salt Lake City, Utah,
are both using software written by Spo-
kane's Dennis Mott. Both boards run at 7-
E-l, 300/1200 baud. The Spokane Data-
Warehouse can be reached at (509) 325-6787.
Call (801) 969-6051 to reach The DataWare-
house in Salt Lake City,
Dennis Gray (SysOp)
CoCoshop
3643 S. 6885 W.
West Valley City, UT 84120
• There is a new BBS in Philadelphia, Pa.
It runs under CoBBS and is online 24 hours
a day, seven days a week. The board is free
to use and has XModem, upload and down-
load. The board is 8 bit with one stop and
no parity. No copywritten programs are
allowed. Call (215) 426-8991.
John L. Leach (SysOp)
1353 Earl St.
Philadelphia. PA 19125
THE rainbow welcomes letters to the
editor. Mail should be addressed to: Letters
to Rainbow, The Falsoft Building, P.O. Box
385, Prospect, KY 40059. Letters should
include the writer's full name and address.
Letters may be edited for purposes of clarity
or to conserve space.
Letters to the editor may also be sent to
us through our Delphi CoCo SIG. From the
CoCo SI G> prompt, type RRI to take you
into the Rainbow Magazine Services area of
the SIG* At the RAINBOW> prompt, type
LET to reach the LETTERS> prompt and
then select Letters for Publication. Be sure
to include your complete name and address.
8 THE RAINBOW September 1988
Word
Power 3.2
More Versatile • More Powerful With
Spooler • Calculator # Split-Screen • 2-Column Printing
Unparalleled Power packed in this 100% ML Word Processor
written from scratch for the CoCo 3! No other word processor
offers such a wide array of features that are easy to learn & use.
DISPLAY & SPEED
Word Power 3.2 runs at double-clock speed
and uses the true 80-column display with
lowercase instead of the graphics screen. The
result is lightning fast screen reformatting and
added speed! All prompts are displayed in
plain English in neat colored windows. The current column num-
ber, line number, page number, percentage of free memory is dis-
played at all times. Even the page break is displayed so you know
where one page ends and the other begins. The Setup program
allows you to change fore/background colors as well as (in) visible
carriage returns. Word Power 3.2 can be used with RGB/Com-
posite/Monochrome monitors as well as TV.
MAXIMUM MEMORY
!,M.tt i '**r* 1 ' ■•■-■» ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ > * j
Word Power 3.2 gives you over 72 K on 128K and over
450K on 512K CoCo 3 for Text Storage - more
memory than any other CoCo word-processor.
Period.
Vi'i'iyiy.'iVi'i'f'tYiVtVt>v.yi ■ ».»* * » ■ » » * » ■ * • » » » * * ■ * » * * » « ■* »■«-«
EFFORTLESS EDITING
Word Power 3.2 has one of the most powerful and user-friendly
full-screen editor with word-wrap. All you do is type. Word
Power takes care of the text arrangement. The unique Auto-Save
feature saves text to disk at regular intervals for peace of mind.
Insert/Overstrike Mode (Cursor Style Changes to indicate mode);OOPS Recall
during delete;Type-ahead Buffer for fast typers;Key-Repeat (adjustable); Key-
Click; 4-way cursor and scrolling; Cursor to beginning/end of text, beginning/end
of line, top/bottom of screen, next/previous word; Page up/down; Delete charac-
ter, previous/next word, to beginning/end of line, complete line, text before/after
cursor; Locate/Replace with Wild-Card Search with auto/manual replace; Block
Mark, Unmark, Copy, Move & Delete; Line Positioning (Center/Right Jus-
tified); Set/Reset 120 programmable tab stops; Word-Count; Define Top/Bot-
tom/Left/Right margins & page length. You can also highlight text
(underline-with on-screen underlining, bold, italics, superscripts, etc.). Word
Power even has a HELP screen which an be accessed any time during edit.
SPLIT-SCREEN EDITING 1
Splits the screen in half so you can view one portion of your text
while you edit another. You'll love it!
MAIL-MERGE
^ Ever try mailing out the same letter to 50 different
people? Could be quite a chore. Not with Word
Power 3.2! Using this feature, you can type a letter,
follow it with a list of addresses and have Word Power
print out personalized letters. It's that easy!
CALCULATOR i : : fgf
Pop-up a 4-function calculator while you edit! Great for tables!
fig <**Mx
:■ ■;
i-S-f * y.<-> »>.■:*>■.■:•
%jv£:U-9uC -xx-S i y.
W ■!• >.■! * x ■>;■ y. <■
■m-x-!-;
x.i -!■>■■!-> x-S i*y.
*
rr
Hi
m
SAVING/LOADING TEXT
Word Power 3.2 creates ASCII format files which are compatible
with almost all tenninal/spell-checking & other word-processing
programs. Allows you to Display Free Space, Load, Save, Ap-
pend & Kill files. The ARE YOU SURE? prompt prevents ac-
cidental overwriting & deletion. You can select files by simply
cursoring through the disk directory. Supports double-sided
drives & step-rates.
PRINTING
Word Power 3.2 drives almost any printer (DMP, EPSON,
GEMINI, OKIDATA, etc). Allows options such as baud rates,
line spacing, page/print pause, partial print, page number-
ing/placement, linefeeds, multi-line headers/footers, right jus-
tification & number of copies. The values of these parameters &
margins can be changed anytime in the text by embedding Printer
Option Codes. The WHAT YOU SEE IS WHAT YOU GET fea-
ture allows you to preview the text on the screen as it will appear
in print. You can view margins, page breaks, justification & more.
PRINT SPOOLER
Why buy a hardware Print Spooler? Word Power 3.2 has a built-
in Spooler which allows you to simultaneously edit one document
& print another.
I If 11 * I ' 1. 1 * * ' < ' > T_l_ f j t j f jr I ' < J ^ _ 1 ?W JCT " f * f f. J. I . ^ JULfJL 1 . 1. 4.*- J. VJJm E J J J I *l * F *f 'FT'
■ ' "aW a'a'a^a a a ,
TWO-COLUMN PRINTING
This unique feature allows you to print all or portion of your text
in two columns! Create professional documents without hours
of aligning text.
SPELLING CHECKER
, - - 7v w or( j Power 3.2 comes with spelling checker/dic-
/
tionary which finds & corrects mistakes in your
text. You can add words to /delete words from
dictionary.
..«II.I.H|U.LIJHtlMJt 111l'H1l11l*l«l''»1ttftttttt''Tft <
PUNCTUATION CHECKER
This checker will proofread your text for punctuation errors such
as capitalization, double-words, spaces after periods/commas,
and more. Its the perfect addition to any word processor.
DOCUMENTATION
iTTyyxyyryyyyTyyyrryyyyyjnt^
Word Power 3.2 comes with a well-written instruction manual &
reference card which makes writing with Word
Power a piece of cake! Word Power 3.2 comes on an
UNPROTECTED disk and is compatible with
RSDOS. Only $79.95
MJF
Fa me rica
[EXPRESS
(Word Power 3.1 owners can get Word Power 3.2 Upgrade FREE by sending
proof of purchase & $5.00 to cover S&H costs & instructions)
MICROCOM SOFTWARE PO Box 214, Fairport, NY 14450 Ph: 716-223-1477 S£] I3H
All orders shipped by UPS 2nd Day Air at no extra charge within US. We accept Visa, MasterCard, Amex, Check or MO. Sorry, no
CODs. Please add $3 S&H (USA/CANADA); Foreign 10% S&H(minimum $5). New York State residents please add sales tax.
To Place Credit Card Orders Call Toll Free 1-800-654-5244 9am-9pm EST 7 days /week
Except NY. Order Status, Infomation, Technical Information, NY orders call 716-223-1477
r
The Computer's Place
in Education
This is our annual Education issue, and I am quite pleased that of
all the themes we have used in THE RAINBOW over the years, this
one seems to be the longest-lived.
Even before there was a Games issue, there was an Education issue.
Indeed, our first Education issue wasn't much, but it did appear.
I see computers as vastly important in the education area. And while
today there are a lot of fancy programs out for our CoCo and other
machines, with spectacular graphics and the like, the simple fact is that
you don't need all that stuff to make a computer a viable help for students.
I know.
Both of my daughters are past the time they ask "Daddy" for help in
schoolwork — primarily because the elder has finished college and
embarked on a career in advertising, and my "baby" is away at school and
Daddy isn't there to help.
But there were many nights — admittedly, the night before the test —
when a small head would peek around the door with the question, "Can
you test me?" Sometimes the "testing" was fun, sometimes not. The worst
was in foreign languages, where the vocabulary drill was boring to me, and
the "dumb" pronunciations I gave for the "right" answer often provoked
some amount of laughter on the part of the testee.
I fixed 'em. I wrote a short program in BASIC that would test for
vocabulary words, selected them randomly, and even asked the questions
"both ways."
(For those of you unfamiliar with the term, asking "both ways" means
asking the meaning of "gracias" one time and "thank you" another. Both
ways. English-to-Spanish and Spanish-to-English.)
This was a pretty simple program, done with data statements and a for-
NEXT loop. But it worked. In fact, elder daughter Wendy's grade in first-
year French went from a 'C to an 'A' in one grading period with the help
of "Daddy's Program." Similar programs have appeared in the rainbow
over the years.
1 0 THE RAINBOW September 1 988
COCO NEWSROOM
An excellent Desktop Publishing
program for the CoCo 3. Design your
own newspaper with Banner Head-
lines/6 Articles using sophisticated
Graphics,Fonts & Fill patterns. Comes
with 22 fonts & 50 pictures! Over 140K
of code. Compatible with Epson,
Gemini & Compatibles, DMP
105/106/1 10/120/130/200/400/420/500/
2110, CGP-220, Laser LP1000 & IBM
Compatibles. "... a smash for CoCo 3 ..."
-March 88 Rainbow Review. Comes on 3
non copy-protected disks. Only $49.95
Create distinctive bright yellow
diamond shaped car signs. Includes 2
resuable clear plastic sign holders with
suction cups, and 50 sheets of bright yel-
low fanfold paper. Printer Require-
ments are the same as for the CoCo
Graphics Designer. Only $29.95
COLOR
(SCHEMATIC
DESIGNED
By Prakash Mishra
An excellent Circuit Schematic
Design Software Package for CoCo
3. Features:
* Runs in 640x192 at 1.8 M hz
* Pull Down Menus
* Keyboard/Mouse/Joystck Support
* RGB/ Composite/Monochrome
Monitor Support
* 72 Modifiable Symbols
* Multiple Hi-Res Fonts
* Multiple UNDO Command
* Symbol Rotate/Line/Box Draw
* Supports 3 Layers of Circuits
* Powerful Screen Print Command
for DMP/Gemini/Epson Printers
* Complete Documentation
Only $39.95 ^ j^-
* * * * ' ~»
HOOK . -\
UKIT '
ton
- — • n r
COCO
GRAPHICS DESIGNER
Create beautiful Greeting Cards, Signs &
Banners for holidays, parties and other oc-
casions. Comes with a library of pre-drawn
pictures. Includes utilities to create your
own character sets, borders and graphic
pictures. Requires CoCo 1,2,3 or TDP-100
with a min. of 32K, one Disk Drive and a
Printer. Compatible with Disk Basic
1.0/1.1/2.0/2.1, ADOS(3) and JDOS. Sup-
ports the following printers: DMP
100/105/106/ 110/130/ 430; CGP220,
EPSON RX/FX, GEMINI 10X, SG-10,
NX- 10/1000 & OKIDATA. Latest Ver-
sion! DISK Only $29.95
PICTURE DISK #1,#2,#3,#4: Each pic-
ture disk contains over 100 pictures !! Disk
$14.95 each. ALL 4 Picture Disks: $54.95
FONT DISK #1,#2AB: Each disk con-
tains 10 extra fonts!! Disk $19.95 each. Buy
any 3 Font Disks and get the 4th FREE!!
COLORED PAPER PACK (with matching
envelopes): $24.95
GAMES
(Disk only) e
(CoCo 1,2 & 3 except where mentioned)
WILD WEST (CoCo 3 Only): $24.95
VEGAS SLOTS(CoCo 3 only): $29.95
VEGAS GAME PACK: $24.95
FLIGHT 16: $34.95
P-51 MUSTANG SIMULATION; $34.95
WORLDS OF FLIGHT: $34.95
PYRAMIX(Cubix for CoCo 3): $24.95
KUNG FU DUDE: $24.95 CHAMPION: $19.95
WHITE FIRE OF ETERNITY: $19.95
IN QUEST OF STAR LORD(Animated Graphics Adven-
ture for CoCo 3): $34.95
TREASURY PACK#1: Lunar Rover Patrol, Cubix,
Declathon, Qix, keys of Wizard, Module Man, Pengon,
Space Wreck & Roller Controller.Only $29.95
TREASURY PACK #2: Lancer, Ms. Gobbler, Froggie,
Madness & Minotaur, Ice Castles, Galagon, Devious and
Syzygy. Only $29.95
SPACE PAC: Color Zap, Invaders, Planet Invasion, Space
Race, Space War, Galax Attax, Anaroid Attack, Whir-
lybird, Space Sentry & Storm Arrows.Only $29.95
WIZARD'S CASTLE: A hi-res graphics adventure game
filled with traps, tricks, treasures. Only $19.95
XENOCOPY-PC
An amazingly versatile program that allows you to Format/Duplicate /
Read/ Write disks from over 300 different computers. For example you
could transfer programs between CoCo, IBM, PC-DOS, TRS-80 Model
3, TRS-80 Model 4, TRS-80 Model 100, Xerox 820, Zenith, Kaypro II,
Novell , NEC DOS and much much more!! Send for FREE List. Requires
an IBM Compatible with 2 drives. Disk $79.95.
512K BACKUP LIGHTNING
The ultimate CoCo 3 disk copying utility!! Reads your master diskette
once and then makes as many copies as you want. It automatically for-
mats an unformatted disk while copying! Supports 35, 40 or 80 track drives
with various step rates. A must for any disk user!! Only $19.95
PRINTER LIGHTNING
Never wait for your printer again!! This Print Spooler allows you to print
to your printer and simultaneously continue with your programming. No
need to wait for those long printouts! Disk Only $19.95
BASIC FREEDOM
A Full Screen Editor for Basic Programs!! A Must for anyone who writes
Basic Programs. Only $24.95
VOCAL FREEDOM
Turn your computer into a digital voice / sound recorder. Produces
natural voices/ sound effects. Req. inexpensive RS Amplifier (#277-
1008) & any microphone. Only $34.95
HACKER'S PAC
Allows you to incorporate voices created by Vocal Freedom into your own
Basic and ML programs. Only $14.95
JIUP
MICROCOM SOFTWARE PO Box 214, Fairport, NY 14450 Ph: 716-223-1477
All orders $50 and above shipped by UPS 2nd Day Air at no extra charge within US. We accept Visa, MasterCard, Amex, Check or
MO. Sorry, no CODs. Please add $3 S&H (USA/CANADA); Foreign 10% S&H(minimum $5). New York State residents please add sales tax.
To Place Credit Card Orders Call Toll Free 1-800-654-5244 9am-9pm EST 7 days /week
Except NY. Order Status, Infomation, Technical Information, NY orders call 716-223-1477
This program was later expanded to
testing for singJe-name items — dates,
phyla, capitals and things of that sort.
It worked quite well. Later, I added a
Score function at the end, and the kids
were not allowed to stop studying until
they got a 90 or better on the test.
(If you think that's mean, a 90 is a 'B'
in the Louisville public school system;
you have to have a 93 for an 'A.' Of
course, the girls thought it was mean.)
Regardless, I read a great deal about
how truly worthwhile educational pro-
grams do much more than just drill
students. I think the writers of that sort
of thing are missing something. Cer-
tainly, I believe we can enhance educa-
tion by also entertaining our students —
my sixth-grade teacher, Mrs. Dierking,
was excellent at teaching grammar by
letting us write short stories; my senior
English teacher, Miss Mackey, really
made Shakespeare come alive by acting
out some of the scenes from Macbeth
— but at the same time, I also think we
can entertain 'em to death.
The first business of learning is to
learn. And there are some things —
actually, a lot of things — that can only
be learned by memorizing them. Yes, it
is easier to memorize the phyla if you
really understand the concept of what
the types of living things in each of them
are and do. But if you don't know the
names in the first place, you're out of
luck.
Probably the most difficult course I
ever had in my educational experience
was one called "Geography of the
Soviet Union." My professor, Dr. Wal-
ter Koch, was one of the world's experts
on the subject, and he was a good
teacher. I had taken "Geography of
North America" from him the semester
before, liked him a great deal, thought
he was extremely knowledgeable (I had
also made an 'A'!) and wanted to take
the course he taught for which he was
nationally known.
Dr. Koch was another of those gifted
teachers who could make information
come alive. But I had no frame of
reference — I didn't even know there
were "states" in the Soviet Union like
there are in the United States. Besides,
they all had strange-sounding names
that were, at best, difficult to spell. And,
while he told us something generally
about each one in the first day's lecture
(the concept), we still had to memorize
the names. No other way to do it.
Well, though on a more elementary
level, of course, it is difficult enough to
teach kids that Bismarck is the capital
of North Dakota, but chances are they
have at least heard of North Dakota
(North Dakota readers will pardon this
analogy, please, and substitute Jackson
and Mississippi if they like). Try Tallinn
and Estonia, Kiev and the Ukraine. And
those are the easy ones to spell.
I wrote them all down in two columns
on a sheet of paper, holed up in the
library for an hour or so and was ready
for the second class.
I do remember thinking at the time
that there must be an easier way. There
was, but, of course, at the time I had no
access to a computer; if I had, they never
would have allowed me to waste valu-
able and expensive mainframe time
learning the Soviet states and their
capitals.
What if I had had a CoCo? Truth is,
if I had simply had the program I wrote
years later with empty data statements,
I would have most likely had everything
half-memorized by the time I typed in
the data statements to give me the
questions and answers. I made a 'B' in
the class; with a CoCo, it most likely
would have been an 'A.'
My only point is: Let's not disparage
the ability of a computer to provide
essential drill for students. It is a valu-
able ability and, I think, something that
you could certainly consider if you have
school-age youngsters of any level in
your home.
Yes, it would be nice to have lots of
graphics, songs and stuff for them when
they get "the right answers." But they
learn just as easily without them. And
learn well.
* * *
This month's issue of THE RAINBOW,
as you probably notice, is smaller than
last month's. I know a lot of you worry
when things change here, so I thought
I would mention some of the reasons.
First, the summer is always a slower
period for us. Advertisers frequently cut
back some in the summer and new
advertisers do not "start up" as fast.
This, obviously, reduces ad pages.
Magazines must maintain a relation-
ship between advertising pages and
editorial pages. We have, for just this
reason, done this almost every summer-
time. And weVe put the pages back in
when fall arrives. We expect to do so this
year as well.
Also, I am sure you have noticed that
we have been missing a couple of mail-
ing dates with the magazine, and your
copies have come a bit later. We're
trying to catch up, even though our
business, like yours, finds people taking
vacations in the summer.
So, what we're doing is simply taking
advantage of the natural slowdown of
the summer to produce a few fewer
pages and get started on the next
month's issue a little earlier. In this way,
we expect to catch up with things
shortly and get back on schedule.
It is no big deal, but I thought you
would like to know.
— Lonnie Falk
"Assembly Language Programming for the CoCo" (The Book) and the CoCo 3 (The Addendum).
Professionally produced (not just skimpy technical specifications). THE CoCo reference books.
THE BOOK - 289 pages of teaching
assembly language for the CoCo 1 & 2.
It's used as a school text and is an
intro to Computer Science. It describes
the 6809E instructions, subroutines,
interrupts, stacks, programming
philosophy, and many examples. Also
covered are PIAs, VDG, SAM, kybd,
jystk, sound, serial port, and using
cassette and disk. $18.00 + $1.50 s/h.
THE ADDENDUM - Picks up
where the BOOK left off. Describes
ALL the CoCo 3 enhancements & how
to use them with assembly language.
The most complete GIME spec.
WOW - Super-Res Graphics,
Virtual Memory, New Interrupts,
and more information not available
elsewhere. Find out what the CoCo 3
can really do. $12.00 + $1.00 s/h.
COCO 3 SPECIAL US check or money
Start your CoCo order. RI orders
library right. add 6% sales tax
See what the CoCo
can really do and TCnrn
save money - buy 1 f. I tr LU
the BOOK and' 68 James Court
ADDENDUM Portsmouth, RI 02871
for only $27.00 +
$2.00 s/h. See Us On DELPHI
12 THE RAINBOW September 1988
COCO 3 UTILITIES GALORE
(CoCo 2 Versions Included where specified)
SUPER TAPE/DISK
TRANSFER
* Disk-to-Disk Copy * Tape-to-Disk Copy
* Tape-to-Disk Auto Relocate
* Disk-to-Tape Copy * Tape-to-Tape Copy
Copies Basic/ML/Data Files. CoCo 1,2 or 3.
Req. min. 64K Disk System. Disk Only $24*95
COCO CHECKE
Something possibly wrong with your CoCo?
CoCo Checker is the answer. Will test your
ROMs, RAMs, Disk Drives & Controller,
Printer, Keyboard, Cassette, Joysticks, Sound,
PIAs, VDG, Internal Clock Speed, Multi-Pak
Interface and more! Only $24.95
DISK UTILITY 2.1A
A multi-featured tool for USER FRIENDLY
disk handling. Utilize a directory window to
selectively sort, move, rename & kill file entries.
Lightning fast Disk I/O for format, copy & back-
up. Single key execution of Basic/ML programs.
This will become your MOST USED program ! !
CoCo 1,2 or 3. Req. Min. 64K. Disk Only $24.95
MAILLIST PRO
The ultimate mailing list program. Allows you
to add, edit, view, delete, change, sort (by zip-
code or name) and print labels. Its indispen-
sable!! Disk $19.95 (CoCo 2 version included)
DISK LABEL MAKER
Allows you to design professional disk labels!
Allows elongated, normal and condensed for-
mat for text. Double Strike, Border Creation,
and multiple label printing. Its a MUST for any
user with a disk drive. Supports DMP
105/106/110/120/ 130/430, GEMINI, STAR,
EPSON and compatibles. (CoCo 2 version in-
cluded). Only $19.95
COCO UTIL II rcd^p^
(Latest Version): Transfer CoCo Disk files to
IBM compatible computer and vica -versa. Re-
quires 2-Drive IBM Compatible. Disk $39.95
RGB PATCH
Displays most games in color on RGB monitors.
CoCo 3 Disk $24.95
COMPUTERIZED
CHECKBOOK 2*"
Why bother with balancing your checkbook?
Let the CoCo do it for you. Allows you to add,
view, search, edit, change, delete and printout
(in a table/individual entry format) checkbook
entries. Updates balance after each entry. Al-
lows files for checking, savings, and other ac-
counts. Disk$19.95. (CoCo 2 version included)
BOWLING SCORE
KEEPER
An excellent utility to keep track of your bowl-
ing scores. Allows you to save scores under in-
dividuals or teams. You can edit change, delete,
and compare scores. A must for anyone who
wants to keep track of his or her bowling perfor-
mance. Disk $19.95 (CoCo 2 version included)
VCR TAPE ORGANIZER
Organize your videotapes with this progiam.
Allows you to index tapes by title, rating, type,
play time and comments. Also allows you to sort
titles alphabetically & view/print selected tapes.
If you own a VCR, this program is a MUST!!
Disk $19.95 (CoCo 2 version included)
COCO 3 SCREEN DUMP
32, 40, 80 column text dump, PMODE 4
Graphics Dump. Single Keystroke Operation al -
lows you to take snapshots of your screens even
when programs are running! Works on DMP's,
Epson, Gemini and compatibles. CoCo 1, 2 and
3. Disk $24.95
HOME BILL MANAGER m
Let the CoCo keep track of your bills. Allows
you to enter bills under various categories and
reminds you when they are due. Disk $19.95
CALENDAR MAKER ; :Z: ; i
)*,«*!! I
■ no*
n m m w Mia
Generate monthly calendars on your printer for
any year in the 20th century. Disk Only $19.95
(CoCo 2 version included)
ADOS 3
Advanced disk operating system for CoCo 3.
Comes on disk and is EPROMable!! Disk
$34.95. ADOS (for CoCo 1,2): $27.95
OS 9
OS9 LEVEL II
OPERATING SYSTEM
Supports 512K RAM dual speed, multi-tasking,
multiple windows, and morel! Comes with disk
and complete documentation. Only $89.95
MULTI-VUE
User friendly graphics interface with multiple
"window" applications for Level II. Only $54.95
WIZ
OS9 Level II Terminal Package with 300-19200
baud rate and windowing capability. Requires
512K and RS-232 Pack. Only $79.95
DYNASTAR
Best OS9 Editor/Word Processor Text Format-
ter. Has Keyboard Macros, supports terminals
& windows simultaneously, configurable, auto-
indent for C/Pascal programming, mail-merge.
New Manual makes it easier than ever. Only
$149.95. DynaSpell $49.95. Both
Dynastar and Dynaspell: Only $174.95
DYNACALC OS-9
Excellent spreadsheet for OS-9 users. Only
$99.95
Mm
OS9 LEVEL II BBS
BBS program that supports multiple users and
sysop definable menus. Includes the following:
Tsmon, Login, Chat, Message Retrieval, Mail
Retrieval, Uloadx, Dloadx, and much more!
Req. 512IC Only $29.95
PC-Xfer UTILITIES
Programs to format and transfer files to/from
MS DOS diskettes on CoCo Under OS9 Level
1 and 2. Requires SDISK or SDISK 3. Only
$44.95
SDISK 3
Standard disk drive module replacement allows
full use of 40/80 track double-sided drives. Req.
OS9 Level II. Only $29.95. SDISK: $29.95
OS9 LEVEL II RAMDISK
Lightning Fast Ramdiskwith Auto-Formatting.
A must for any OS9 Level II user. Req 512K.
Only $29.95
OS9 BOOKS:
Inside OS9 Level IP. $39.95
Rainbow Guide to OS9 II: $19.95
Rainbow Guide to OS9 II Disk: $19.95
OS9 Reference Card: FREE with any
OS9 Purchase!!!
JliJF MICROCOM SOFTWARE PO Box 214, Fairport, NY 14450 Ph: 716-223-1477
All orders $50 and above shipped by UPS 2nd Day Air at no extra charge within US. We accept Visa, MasterCard, Amex, Check or
MO. Sorry, no CODs. Please add $3 S&H (USA/CANADA); Foreign 10% S&H(minimum $5). New York State residents please add sales tax.
To Place Credit Card Orders Call Toll Free 1 -800-654-5244 9am-9pm EST 7 days /week
Except NY. Order Status, Infomation, Technical Information, NY orders call 716-223-1477
- Dirafe -
How To Read Rainbow
When we use the term CoCo, we refer to an affection-
ate name that was first given to the Tandy Color
Computer by its many fans, users and owners.
The basic program listings printed in the rain-
bow are formatted for a 32-character screen — so they
show up just as they do on your CoCo screen. One easy
way to check on the accuracy of your typing is to com-
pare what character "goes under" what. If the charac-
ters match — and your line endings come out the same
— you have a pretty good way of knowing that your
typing is accurate.
We also have "key boxes" to show you the minimum
system a program needs. But, do read the text before
you start typing.
Finally, the little disk and/or cassette symbols on the
table of contents and at the beginning of articles
indicate that the program is available through our
RAINBOW ON DISK Or RAINBOW ON TAPE service.
Using Machine Language
The easiest way to "put" a machine language program
into memory is to use an editor/assembler, a program
you can purchase from a number of sources. All you
have to do, essentially, is copy the relevant instructions
from the rainbow's listing into CoCo.
Another method of putting an ML listing into CoCo
is called "hand assembly" — assembly by hand, which
sometimes causes problems with ORI G I N or EQUATE
statements. You ought to know something about
assembly to try this.
Use the following program if you want to hand-
assemble ML listings:
10 CLEAR200,&H3F00:I=&H3FB0
20 PRINT "ADDRE55:";HEX$(I);
30 INPUT "BYTE";B$
40 POKE I, VflL("&H"+B$)
50 I=I+l:GOTD 20
This program assumes you have a 16K CoCo. If you
have 32K, change the &H3FB0 in Line 10 to &H7F0O
and change the value of I to &H7F88.
OS-9 and RAINBOW ON DISK
The OS-9 side of rainbow on disk contains two
directories: CMDS and SOURCE. It also contains a file,
read . me . f i rs t, which explains the division of the
two directories. The CMDS directory contains executa-
ble programs and the SOURCE directory contains the
ASCIJ source code for these programs. BASIC09
programs will only be offered in source form so they will
only be found in the SOURCE directory.
OS-9 is a very powerful operating system. Because
of this, it is not easy to learn at first. However, while we
can give specific instructions for using the OS-9
programs, you will find that the OS-9 programs will be
of little use unless you are familiar with the operating
system. For this reason, if you haven't "learned" OS-9
or are not comfortable with it, we suggest you read The
Complete Rainbow Guide to OS-9 by Dale Puckett and
Peter Dibble.
The following is not intended as a course in OS-9. It
merely states how to get the OS-9 programs from
rainbow on disk to your OS-9 system disk. Use
the procedures appropriate for your system. Before
doing so, however, boot the OS-9 operating system
according to the documentation from Radio Shack.
1) Type load dir list copy and press ENTER.
2) If you have only one disk drive, remove the OS-9
system disk from Drive 0 and replace it with the OS-
9 side of rainbow on disk. Then type chd^d©
and press enter. If you have two disk drives, leave
the sytem master in Drive 0 and put the rainbow
on disk in Drive 1. Then type chckdl and press
ENTER.
3) List the read . me . f i rs t file to the screen by typing
list read-me. first and pressing enter.
4) Entering dir will give you a directory of the OS-9
side of rainbow on disk. To see what programs
are in the CMDS directory, enter di r cmds. Follow
a similar method to see what source files are in the
SOURCE directory.
5) When you find a program you want to use, copy it
to the CMDS directory on your system disk with one
of the following commands:
One-drive system; copy /d0/cmds/ filename /d0/
cmds/filename -s
The system will prompt you to alternately place the
source disk (rainbow on disk) or the destination
disk (system disk) in Drive 0.
Two-drive system: copy /dl'cmds/ filename 'd®/
cmds/ filename
Once you have copied the program, you execute it
from your system master by placing that disk in Drive
0 and entering the name of the file.
The Rainbow Seal
RAINBOW
CERTIFICATION
SEAL
The Rainbow Certification Seal is our way of helping
you, the consumer. The purpose of the Seal is to certify
to you that any product that carries the Seal has actually
been seen by us, that it does, indeed, exist and that we
have a sample copy here at the rainbow.
Manufacturers of products — hardware, software and
firmware — are encouraged by us to submit their prod-
ucts to the rainbow for certification.
The Seal is not a "guarantee of satisfaction." The
certification process is different from the review
process. You are encouraged to read our reviews to
determine whether the product is right for your needs.
There is absolutely no relationship between advertis-
ing in the rainbow and the certification process.
Certification is open and available to any product per-
taining to CoCo. A Seal will be awarded to any com-
mercial product, regardless of whether the firm adver-
tises or not.
We will appreciate knowing of instances of violation
of Seal use.
Rainbow Check Plus
V
f
The small box accompanying a program listing in
the rainbow is a "check sum" system, which is
designed to help you type in programs accurately.
Rainbow Check PLUS counts the number and values
of characters you type in. You can then compare the
number you get to those printed in the rainbow.
On longer programs, some benchmark lines are given.
When you reach the end of one of those lines with your
typing, simply check to see if the numbers match.
To use Rainbow Check PLUS, type in the program
and save it for later use, then type in the command run
and press enter. Once the program has run, type NEW
and press enter to remove it from the area where the
program you're typing in will go.
Now, while keying in a listing from the rainbow,
whenever you press the down arrow key, your CoCo
gives the check sum based on the length and content
of the program in memory. This is to check against the
numbers printed in the rainbow. If your number is
different, check the listing carefully to be sure you typed
in the correct basic program code. For more details
on this helpful utility, refer to H. Allen Curtis' article on
Page 21 of the February 1984 rainbow.
Since Rainbow Check PLUS counts spaces and
punctuation, be sure to type in the listing exactly the
way it's given in the magazine.
10 CLS:X=256*PEEI<(35)+178
20 CLEAR 25,X-1
30 X=256*PEEI< (35) +178
40 FOR Z=X TO X+77
50 READ Y:W=W+Y:PRINT Z,Y;W
G0 POKE Z,Y:NEXT
70 IFW=7985THEN80EL5EPRINT
"DATA ERROR": STOP
B0 EXEC X:END
90 DATA 1B2, 1, 106, 1G7, 140, G0, 134
100 DATA 12G, 183, 1, 10G, 190, 1, 107
110 DATA 175, 140, 50, 48, 140, 4, 191
120 DATA 1, 107, 57, 129, 10, 38, 38
130 DATA 52, 22, 79, 158, 25, 230, 129
140 DATA 39, 12, 171, 128, 171, 128
150 DATA 230, 132, 38, 250, 48, 1, 32
1G0 DATA 240, 183, 2, 222, 48, 140, 14
170 DATA 159, 1GG, 1GG, 132, 28, 254
180 DATA 189, 173, 198, 53, 22, 12G, 0
190 DATA 0, 135, 255, 134, 40, 55
200 DATA 51, 52, 41, 0
14 THE RAINBOW September 1988
Books That Can Launch A 1000 Programs!!
Pokes, Peeks and Execs are your guides into the jungle of computer programming. These commands give you the power of
Machine Language without leaving the security of BASIC. Each book is a collection of "inside" information, with explanations
and examples to help you immediately put it to use. Everyone from the novice to the professional will find these handy books a
wealth of information. ^qq pQKES
PEEKS/N EXECS
300 POKES, "
PEEKS, 'N EXECS
for COCO III
*40/80 column Screen Text Dump
*Save Text/Graphics Screen to Disk
* Command/Functions Disables
•Enhancements for CoCo3 BASIC
•128K/512K RAM Test Program
*HPRINT Character Modifier
Only $19.95
SUPPLEMENT TO 500
POKES,PEEKS, 'N EXECS
•Autostart your BASIC programs
•Disable Color BASIC/ECB/Disk BASIC
commands
•Disable Break Key/ Clear Key/ Reset Button
•Generate a Repeat-key
•Transfer ROMPAKs to tape
•Set 23 different GRAPHIC modes
•Merge two BASIC programs
•And much much more!!!
For CoCo 1,2 and 3. Only $16.95
ALL 3 BOOKS for $39.95
200 additional Pokes,Peeks and Execs (500 Pokes
Peeks *N Execs is a prerequisite)
•ROMPAK transfer to disk
•PAINT with 65000 styles
•Use of 40 track single/double sided drives
•High-speed Cassette Operation
•Telewriter, EDTASM + CoCo Max enhancements
* Graphics Dump (for DMP printers) /Text Screen
Dump
For CoCo 1,2 or 3. Only $9. 95
UNRAVELLED SERIES
COCO LIBRARY
An invaluable aid for Basic and Machine Language programmers, these
books provide a complete disassembly and annotated listing of the
BASIC/ECB and Disk ROMs. These listings give complete, uninterupted
memory maps of the four ROMs. Gain complete control over all versions of
the color computer.
EXTENDED COLOR BASIC UNRAVELLED: COLOR
BASIC and EXTENDED BASIC ROM Disassembly: $39.95
DISK BASIC UNRAVELLED: DISK BASIC ROM 1.1 and
1.0 Disassembly : $19.95
BOTH ECB AND DISK BASIC UNRAVELLED: $49.95
SUPER EXTENDED BASIC UNRAVELLED: SUPER EX-
TENDED BASIC ROM Disassembly for CoCo 3. $24.95
COMPLETE UNRAVELLED SERIES (all 3 books): $59.95
CoCo 3 Service Manual: $39.95
CoCo 2 Service Manual: $29.95
Inside OS9 Level II: $39.95
Rainbow Guide To OS9 Level II: $19.95
Rainbow Guide To OS9 II (disk): $19.95
Complete Guide To OS9 (Level 1): $19.95
Complete Guide To OS9 (2 Disk): $29.95
CoCo 3 Secrets Revealed: $19.95
Basic Programming Tricks: $12.95
Assembly Language Programming(tepco): $18
Addendum For CoCo3 (tepco): $12
Utility Routines Vol 1 (book): $14.95
OTHER SOFTWARE ...
COCO MAX III (with hi-res interface): $79.95
COCO MAX II: Disk $77.95 Tape $67.95
MAXFONTS #1,.#2,#3,#4: Disk $19.95 Each
CGP-220 Driver Kit For CoCo Max III: $19.95
MAXPATCH: Run COCO MAX II on COCO 3. $24.95
TELEWRITER 64 (COCO 1&2) :Disk $57.95 Tape $47.95
TW-80: COC03 features for TW-64 Disk $39.95
TELEFORM: Mailmerge/form letters for TW-64 Disk $19.95
AUTOTERM:Universal modem software Disk $39.95 Cas
$29.95
PRO-COLOR FILE *ENHANCED*: Multi-feature Database
$59.95
PRO-COLOR FORM & DIR: Forms/directories for PCF.
$24.95 SIDEWISE: Print ASCII files sideways $24.95
EDT/ASM 64D: Editor-assembler (specify 1,2,3) $59.95
SOURCE: CoCo Disassembler $34.95 SOURCE III: $49.95
CBASIC: Best Basic compiler $149.95 CBASIC III: $149.95
WINDOW MASTER
The hottest program for your CoCo 3!! Imagine using Win-
dows, Pull-Down Menus, Buttons, Icons, Edit Field, and
Mouse Functions in your Basic Programs. No need to use OS9.
It uses the 640x255 (or 320x255) hires graphics mode for the
highest resolution. Up to 31 windows can appear on the screen
at one time. Need extra character sets? Window Master sup-
ports 5 fonts in 54 sizes! How about an enhanced Editor for
Basic? It gives you a superb Basic Editor which leaves the
standard EDIT command in the cold. And don't forget that
many existing Basic/ML programs will operate under Window
Master with little or no changes. In fact, it does NOT take up
any memory from Basic. Requires 1 Disk Drive, RS Hi-res In-
terface & Joystick or Mouse. Specify 128K/512K. $69. 95 Win-
dow Master & Hi-Res Interface. Only $79.95
F1
FUNCTION KEYS Display
Use F1,F2, ALT, CTRL Keys on your CoCo 3!!! If you
program in Basic, this program is a must! Only $14.95
(LookingFor New Software . If you have a Basic or ML program^
I which you would like to market, contact us! We pay excellent I
^royalties!!! J
JhJF
'A MERICA^
MICROCOM SOFTWARE PO Box 214, Fairport, NY 14450 Ph: 716-223-1477
All orders $50 and above shipped by UPS 2nd Day Air at no extra charge within US. We accept Visa, MasterCard, Amex, Check or
MO. Sorry, no CODs. Please add $3 S&H (USA/CANADA); Foreign 10% S&H(minimum $5). New York State residents please add sales tax.
To Place Credit Card Orders Call Toll Free 1-800-654-5244 9am-9pm EST 7 days /week
Except NY. Order Status, Infomation, Technical Information, NY orders call 716-223-1477
^Fe ature
16K
This program guides you to an elusive creature
a good used car!
Stalking the Used Car
By Richard Johnson
■ have just bought a used can What a
nightmare! With all the used cars out
there, how do you keep track of the
ones you have looked* at? This program
will help you do just that. Used Cars
prints a form that will help you keep
track of all the important information
price, mileage, engine size, options,
etc. — for each car.
The program was written on a CoCo
3 using a Radio Shack DMP 105 print-
er, There's nothing fancy about it. You
can use tape or disk, and it runs on a
16K machine. The one poke, in line 270,
f§ for the 600 baud needed for the
printer.
When you need a used car* you go to
the lot and hope that an honest sales-
man will sell you a good car at a fair
price. 1 think I have a better way.
First, decide what you can afford to
spend on a used car. Next, go to your
cal library and look at some consumer
Richard Johnson, a machine operator
at Corhart Refractories, enjoys boih
bw$ fishing and programming on his
3. Richard has been program-
ming since i9S5.
16 THE RAINBOW So-p-tamoer 19flB
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DRIVE
211
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? THERE r R **TY? VN ^ 5 ? 0c *S
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DISK DRIVES
Double-Sided Double-Density 360K 40-Track 1/2 ht drives for CoCo 2 & 3. These are the same quality drives that are used in IBM®
compatible computers. Buy from someone else and all you get is a disk drive. Buy from us and not only do you get a quality drive
but $50 of Free Disk Utility Software (Super Tape/Disk Transfer & Disk Utility 2.1A) and our DISKMAX utility which aUowgvou
to access BOTH sides of our drives. It's like buying TWO drives for the price of ONE!! 90-day warranty on all drives!
Drive 0 (With Disto Super Controller!, Case, Power Supply & Cable) :$229.95 Drive 1: $149.95
TWO 1/2 ht Drives in one case with Cable, Case & Disto Controller:$339.95
J & M Controller (with RSDOS): $79.95 1 Drive Cable:$19.95 2 Drive Cable: $24.95 4 Drive Cable: $39.95
DISTO Super Controller: $99.95 DISTO Super Controller II: $129.95
Add Ons: Mini Eprom Prog.: $54.95 Real Time Clock/Parallel Interface: $39.95 Hard Dj§U nterface: $49.95
{
HARD DRIVE SYSTEMS
Complete w/Hard Drive, WD Controller,
B&B Interface, Cables, Case, Power Supp-
ly, Software (OS9/Basic) & Instruction
Manual. Assembled/ tested/ formatted..
Just Plug'n'RunH Multipak Req.
Seagate 20 Meg System: $509
Seagate 30 Meg System: $539
HARD DRIVE INTERFACES
CoCo XT: Use 2 5-120 Meg Drives with^
CoCo. $69.95. w/Real Time Clock: $99.95
Hyper IO: Allows Hard Drive use with
RSDOS. Only $29.95
CoCo XT ROM: Boots OS9 from
Hard/Floppy Drives. Only $19.95
(Multipak Required for Interface)
RS232 SUPER PACK
Here it is! True RS232 port for
your CoCo. Compatible with
Tandy ® Deluxe RS232 Pack!
Add $10 Includes DB25 Cable. Req.
W 1. 1
S&H
(US/
Canada)
Multipak. From DISTO so you
know its quality! Going fast!
Only $54.95 (CoCo 1,2 or 3)
COMMUNICATIONS
EXTRAVAGANZA
1) AVATEX 1200e MODEM: Fully Hayes
compatible 300/1200 w/ speaker, Auto-
Dial/Answer/Redial (Reg $109.95)
2) MODEM CABLE: 4 pin to DB25. (Reg
$19.95)
3) AUTOTERM TERMINAL SOFT-
WARE (Reg $39.95)
4) FREE COMPUSERVE OFFER and
Access Time
5) UPS 2nd DAY AIR Shipping
ONLY $149.95
(With AVATEX 1200hc
instead of Avatex 1200e: $174.95)
with AVATEX 2400: $249.95
MAGNAVOX 8CM515
RGB MONITOR
Razor-sharp picture
quality for your CoCo! Has
14" screen, Analog/TTL
RGB, Composite inputs
for CoCo 2 & 3, built-in
Speaker & tilt-stand! With
a push of a button you can go from RGB
to composite mode. This means that ALL
your CoCo programs that appear in B&W
in RGB mode will appear in color!!! Only
$294 (add $12 S&H US/$40 in Canada).
FREE Magnavox Cable for CoCo 3, Com-
posite & Audio Cable with purchase of
monitor ($24.95 value).
EPROM
INTRONICS EPROM PROGRAMMER
(for CoCo): Programs 2516-27512 &
more! Includes software and complete
documentation. Latest Version. Lowest
Price anywhere! $137.95
EPROM ERASER Fast erase of 24/28 pin
EPROMs. Only $49.95
BOTH EPROM PROGRAMMER and
ERASER: $179.95
EPROMS: 2764-$8 27128-$9 each
Call for other EPROMs
ROMPAK (w/Blank PC Board 27xx
Series): $12.95
BLANK CARTRIDGE (Disk Controller
Size): Only $10.95
KEYBOARDS , ETC.
KEYBOARD EXTENSION CABLE:
Move your keyboard 0&,
away from the com- \
puter & type with ease.<$L
Use your existing
keyboard with this
cable or leave your present keyboard in-
tact and use a second keyboard. Only
$39.95.
Cable with CoCo II Keyboard: $49.95
CoCo 3 Keyboard (with free FUNCTION
KEYS software value $14.95) :$39.95
CoCo 2 Keyboard: $19.95
NX-1000 Rainbow System
* Star NX-1000 Color Printer
* Serial-to-Parallel Interface
* Free Software: Signs 'N Banners and
Starscan (HSCREEN2 dump in 64 col.)
Only $289 ( + $10 S&H)
CABLES
MAGNAVOX 8505/8515/8CM643 Analog
RGB Cable: $24.95
SERIAL-TO-PARALLEL INTERFACE: Use
your parallel printer at high speed (300-9600 baud) with
CoCo. Comes will all cables. Only $44.95
15" MULTIPAK/ROMPAK EXTENDER
CABLE: $29.95
VIDEO DRIVER: Use a monochrome/color monitor
with your CoCo. Comes with audio/video cables. Specify
CoCo 1 or 2. Excellent picture quality/resolution! $34.95
RS232 Y CABLE: Hook 2 Devices to the serial port.
Only $18.95
Y CABLE: Use your disk system with Speech Pak,CoCo
Max, DS69, etc. $27.95
CM-8 RGB Analog Ext. Cable:$19.95
SONY Monitor Cable: $39.95
VIDEO CLEAR: Reduce TV interference.$19.95
MODEM CABLE:4 pin to DB25,Only $19.95
3-POSITION SWITCHER: $37.95
HI-RES JOYSTICK INTERFACE: $11.99
CHIPS, ETC
Disk Basic Rom 1.1 (Needed for CoCo
3): $29.95 ECB ROM 1.1:$29.95
68B09E or 6809E Chip: $14.95
MultiPak PAL Chip for CoCo 3:
$19.95
PAL Switcher: Now you can switch be-
tween the CoCo 2 and 3 modes when
using the Multi-Pak. You need the
OLDER & NEW PAL chip for the 26-
3024 Multipak. Only $39.95. With
NEW PAL Chip: $49.95. m ^
5 1/4" Disks: $0.45 each!
UPGRADES
512K Upgrades for CoCo 3: $CALL
64K Upgrade for CoCo Ps, CoCo IPs
with Cat #26-3026/27, 26-3134, 26-
3136: $29.95
64K Upgrade for 26-3134 A/B CoCo
II: $39.95
fl»gg
JhJF MICROCOM SOFTWARE PO Box 214, Fairport, NY 14450 Ph: 716
All orders $50 & above (except drives, monitors & printers) shipped by UPS 2nd Day Air
accept Visa, MasterCard, Amex, Check or MO. Sorry, no CODs. Please add $3 S&H (USA/CANADA); except
S&H(minimum $5). New York State residents please add sales tax.
To Place Credit Card Orders Call Toll Free 1-800-654-5244 9am-9pm EST 7 days /week
Except NY. Order Status, Infomation, Technical Information, NY orders call 716-223-1477
-223-1477 1 V/SA jl^pj^
at no extra charge within US. We
where specified otherwise; Foreign 10%
^ REAL DESKTOP
ii
AND
File Edit Options Colors Font Size Style
W =1
• if?
CoCo Max II! is absolutely the best drawing package
available for the CoCo 3, and it does more than just let
you draw. CoCo Max III includes animation, text, color
mixing and more features than you would think
possible. It combines incredible speed with dazzling
graphics and it is a joy to use even its most powerful
features.
Pictures, graphs, flyers, cards, signs, school projects,
labels, buttons and anything else you might dream of
creating is now possible with CoCo Max III. Is it any
wonder that the majority of CoCo Gallery pictures in the
last five months were created with CoCo Max?
Thousands of CoCo users have found that you don't
have to be an artist to have fun with CoCo Max. You'll
wonder why you waited so long to get the incredible
CoCo Max III.
CoCo Max III is the best because it includes:
- a huge picture area {two full hi-res 320x192 screens) - a large
editing window - Zoom mode for detail work - 28 drawing tools
which you just point and click on - shrink and stretch - rotation at
any angle (1.5 degree steps) - 51 2K memory support {all features
work with 128K too) - an Undo feature to correct mistakes - you
can even Undo an "Undo" - Animation - special effects - color
sequencing (8 colors, variable speed) - thirteen fonts (more
available) - each font has eight different sizes - five style options
(bold, italic, 3D. etc.) for thousands of font/size/style combination
possibilities. - the CoCo Show "slide show" program - color
editing of patterns - automatic pattern alignment - prints in single
and double size - smart lasso (move text over a background,..)
- advanced tools: arc, ray, cube, etc, - select 16 of the 64 colors (all
64 colors are displayed at once for selection!) - picture converter
(CoCo Max il. MGE, BASIC) - extensive prompting - "glyphic"
clipbook of rubber stamps double click shortcuts - color mixing
(additive/subtractive/none) - money back guarantee ~ sophisticated
data compression saves disk space - pull down menus (no
commands to remember) - forty paintbrush shapes - two color
lettering - spray can - scrapbooks of pictures error free
- Y-cable or multipack not required - high speed hi- res interface
included (plugs into joystick port) - disk is not copy protected
- amazing "flowbrush" - RGB and composite monitor support
- replace color - printing on black and white printers in five shades
of gray - full color printing with optional drivers for the NX-1000
Rainbow and CGP220 - entirely rewritten for the CoCo 3
can
do
vvi
th
this
what yo^tion, Pftslhe
mitS t0 pd ease
are
no
A/8W
fa
co
us
lor
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e P
ulti
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gram
for
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Co
Co
CoCo Max III: $79.95
Max-10 owners: deduct $10
System Requirements:
CoCo 3 disk system and a Joystick
or Mouse
Printer drivers Included:
IBM/Epson and compatibles, GEMINI,
DMP1 05/1 06/1 30.OK1 182/1 92. CGP220
(B&W), DMP110, DMP200
Color printer drivers (prints 125
different colors) Star NX-1 000, CGP-
220, or Okimate 20 each $1 9.95
For all CoCo Max Versions
Max Edit Font Editor: A font is a set of
characters of a particular style. With Max Edit vou can
create new fonts or modify the existing ones.$1 9.95
Max Font disks (send for list) each $1 9.95
Max Font Set (95 fonts on 4 disks) $49.95
DS69/69B Digitizers: allows you to capture the
image from a VCR or video camera and bring it into
your computer. CoCo Max will let you load digitized
pictures and modify them.
DS-69 (2 images per second. Requires
multipak) $99.95
DS-69B (8 images/second) $1 49.95
CoCo 1 & 2 Owners
Still Available:
(See previous ads or
write for information)
CoCo Max II (works on
ail disk CoCos) $69.95
CoCo Max Tape
(CoCol & 2 only) $59.95
Y-Cable $24.95
CoCo Max II Picture
Disk Set
set of 3 disks: $29.95
Guaranteed Satisfaction
Use CoCo Max or Max-10 for a full month.
If you are not delighted with either of them;
we will refund every penny.
COLORWARE
A division of Sigma Industries, Inc.
TO ORDER
(203)656-1806 M0N-FRI 9 to 5 EST^
Visa or Mastercard accepted. C.O.D. orders $3 extra
Check or M.0. to Cokxware, 242- w West Ave. Danen CT
Add $3 per order for stopping ($5 to Canada. 10% to overseas)
CT residents add 7.5% sales tax
PUBLISHING
COLORWARE
THE DAZZLING WORD PROCESSOR
You probably already have a word processor, and you
probably wish it had these features:
► Fully menu driven (CoCo Max style) with point and
click marking of text. You don't need the arrow keys!
► True WYSIWYG (What You See Is What You Get)
including variable size fonts, styles (bold, italics, etc.)
and graphics.
► Can print multiple columns on a page.
► Not limited by printer capabilities: fonts up to 24
points (1/3") high, superscripts, small print, etc.
► Fully integrated spelling checker (incredibly fast), no
need to exit program to check spelling.
► Graphics can be imported from just about anything
(CoCo Max; MGE; BASIC: even Macintosh pictures
from a BBS) and resized to fit your document.
► Full screen preview including graphics.
Max-10 has all these unique features, plus all the
features you are used to in your current word
processor. Even with all this, you don't give up anything.
Max-10 is easier to use, more intuitive, faster and more
powerful than anything else. It's not just a word
processor, it's a desktop publisher.
D M.St
M . L«ur for ih«
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Max-10: $79.95
CoCo Max III owners: deduct $10
Max-10 requires a CoCo 3. at least 1 disk. & joystick or mouse
Printer drivers included: IBM/Epson and compatibles; DMP
105. DMP106, DMP130; CGP220 (B&W): Gemini/Star
TM
File Edit search* Lauout Font
^. ll i . i l?i 1 1 1 1 .i.i. ift^. i
style
✓ Plain Te»t
Bold
CP
Hiiimiuiini
iiiliiiliiililiiiiiiT
Italics
r.
CI
Underlined
cu
Superscript
CH
Subscript
CL
rautn
WYSIWIG adj. (wiz-ee-vig) 1. What
You See Is What You Get (acronym)
a ume choice if UtMij fonts and stylet.
Some of the many features of Max-10:
- Blinding speed - printing in multiple columns - online dictionary
- spell checking - graphics can be mixed with text - full justification
of proportionally sized characters - bold, italic, underline
superscript and subscript type styles - superb file support, just point
and click - "Undo" lets you correct mistakes - easy to use. no
commands to remember - any graphics program can be used
- pictures can be shrunk or stretched to fit - right and left alignment
- centering - variable line spacing - page numbering - current
page number displayed on the screen - variable tab stops - left and
right margins - tabs and margins can vary in the same document
- cut and paste text and graphics anywhere in the file - page break
shows on the screen - pull down menus are quick and simple to use
- lightning fast access to any point in the document with the scroll
box - twenty fonts (styles and sizes), more available - any number
of character sizes and styles can be mixed on the same tine - up to
more than 120 characters per tine, depending on font size, style and
letters - headers and footers, even with graphics - file compatibility
with other word processors - right, left, bottom and top margins
- word wrap - set starting page - type ahead - key repeat - key
click - scroll up and down - ASCII file output for compatibility
- disk directory - kill files- block cut. copy and move - global
search and replace - paragraph indent - clipboard - merge
- show file (on disk) - free memory display - page count
- paragraph count - word count - graphics can be resized and
moved - multiple fonts - error recovery - true lowercase - 51 2K
memory support (all features work with 128K too) - complete point
and click cursor control - moving, clearing and changing blocks of
text is ridiculously easy, just point and click at each end of the text
block - onscreen ruler - preview file before loading - search and
replace - disk is not copy protected - more than 35 pages of text
CoCo Max III and Max-10
Perfect Together
You do not need CoCo Max III to insert and print
graphics in Max-10. Max-10 works with any graphics
creation program, and you can also use graphics
downloaded from bulletin boards.
Similarly, you do not need Max-10 to create graphics
with text in CoCo Max III. There are tremendous
lettering capabilities in CoCo Max III, with its many
fonts, styles, and sizes.
Together Max-10 and CoCo Max III are an unbeatable
combination. This desktop publishing system is better
than anything youVe ever seen on a CoCo. We are so
confident that you will use, and enjoy using *he two
software packages, that we offer an unconditional
money back guarantee. Stop wasting your time and
effort using inferior or obsolete products. Move up to
the new generation of CoCo software now.
magazines. There are several; check
them all out. These magazines will tell
you which used cars are the best ones
to buy. They will also show you the
average repair record for each car. To
find out if a car has ever been recalled,
call the Auto Safety Hotline, 1-800-424-
9393.
Next, go to your bank or Credit
Union and ask to see their National
Automobile Dealers Association Book.
This book lists cars by year, make and
model. It also lists the national average
trade-in, loan and retail price of each
car. The book lists the main options for
each car; and, in the front of the book,
there is a High and Low Mileage Chart
for each year.
Once you know the car or cars that
interest you, change the option section
of the program to match your car
choice. The option section is located in
lines 420 to 490.
When you run Used Cars the credits
are displayed. After a few seconds, the
program will remind you to start the
paper at the top of the printer head and
to make sure the printer is online. After
you press enter, you will be asked for
the number of copies you want. The
program offers one to five copies, but
if you want more you can change the
five in lines 240 and 250 to any value.
Now, the computer tells you that it is
printing, and the printer will print all
the copies you requested.
Following are the printer codes used:
CHR$(27)
CHR$(10)
CHR$(27)
CHR$(27)
CHR$(15)
CHR$(14)
CHR$(19)
=Escape code
= Executive line feed
; CHR$ [14 j =Start elongation
;CHR$(15)=End elongation
=Start underline
=End underline
=Standard print
The forms printed out should be used
as you look at the cars. Fill each out
completely and ask all the questions at
the bottom of the page. Good luck!!!
(Questions or comments regarding
this program may be directed to the
author at 826 Elmwood Ave., New
Albany, IN 47150. Please enclose an
SASE when requesting a reply.) □
210 173 590 .
340 23 680 .
430 222 END
490 33
....90
...167
....44
The listing: USEDCRRS
10 REM $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
20 REM $$$ USED CARS $$$
30 REM $$$ BY $$$
40 REM $$$ RICHARD K.JOHNSON $$$
50
60
70
80
90
REM
REM
REM
REM
REM
USED CARS
BY
$$$ 826 ELMWOOD AVE. $$$
$$$ NEW ALBANY, IN. $$$
$$$ 47150 $$$
$$$ APRIL 88 $$$
$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
100 CLS:PRINT@101, "$$$$$$$$$$$$$
$$$$$$$$$»
110 PRINTS 13 3 , 11 $
$»
120 PRINT@165,"
$"
130 PRINT@197,"
$"
140 PRINT@229,"
$"
150 PRINT@2 61,"
$"
160 PRINTQ293,"
SON $"
170 PRINT@325,"
$"
180 PRINT@357,"
$$$$$»
190 FORP=1TO2000:NEXTP
200 CLS: PRINT "SET PAPER TO TOP O
F PRINTER HEAD"
210 PRINT" WHEN PRINTER IS ON L
INE PRESS <«ENTER>»"
220 EXEC44539
230 IF INKEY$=CHR$ ( 13 ) THEN 240EL
$ RICHARD K. JOHN
$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
SE200
240 CLS:INPUT"HOW MANY COPIES (1
-5) " ; C
250 IFC<1 OR C>5 THEN 2 40 ELSE260
260 PR=1
270 POKE150,87'POKE FOR 600 BAUD
RATE FOR RADIO SHACK DMP 105 PR
INTER
280 FORPR=l TO C
290 CLS : PRINT @ 2 3 4 , " NOW PRINTING"
300 A$="USED CARS"
310 PRINT#-2,CHR$(27) ;CHR$(14) ;T
AB( (45-LEN(A$) )/2) ;A$;CHR$(10) ;C
HR$ ( 10 )
320 PRINT#-2,CHR$(27) ;CHR$(15) ;C
HR$(15) ;CHR$(27) ;CHR$(19) ; " DEALE
R
OWNER
ii
330 PRINT #-2 , CHR$ (10) ; "ADDRESS
ADDRESS
ii
340 PRINT#-2,CHR$(10) ;"TEL.
TEL.
ii
350 PRINT#-2 , CHR$ (10) ; "ASKING PR
ICE LOWEST PRICE
YOUR OFFER
if
"MAKE
" f +"ST
"YEAR
360 PRINT#-2,CHR$(10)
",+"MODEL
YLE (2DR) (4DR) WAGON
370 PRINT#-2,CHR$(10)
",+"MILEAGE
OLOR
INT#-2,CHR$(14)
380 PRINT#-2,TAB(1) ; " (4 ) - ( 6 ) - ( 8 )
CYL" ; : PRINT#-2 , TAB ( 30 ) ; " ( ) TURBOC
HARGED" ; : PRINT* -2 , TAB ( 60) ; " ( ) FUE
L INJECTION"
it
», + "C
" :PR
20 THE RAINBOW September 1988
The Amazing A-BUS
I
An A-BUS system wfth two Motherboards
A' BUS adapter in foregrou rid
The A* BUS system works with the original CoCo,
theCoCoa and the CoCo 3.
About the A-BUS system:
• All trte A-BUS cards are very easy to use with any language that can
read or write to a Porter Memory, in BASIC, use IN P and OUT {or PEEK and
POKE wittt Apples and Tandy Color Computers)
• Thnv are all compatible with each other, You can mix and match up to 25
cards to fit youi application. Card addresses are easily set with jumpers.
• A-BUS cards are shipped with power supplies (except PD-123) and
detailed manuals {including schematics and programming examples).
the A-BUS you can plug your PC (IBM, Apple,
TRS-80) into a future of exciting new applications in the fields
of control,; monitoring, automation, sensing, robotics, etc.
Alpha's modular A-BUS offers a proven method to build your
custom" system today. Tomorrow, when you are ready to take
another step, you will be able to add more functions. This is ideal for
first time experimenting and teaching.
A-BUS control can be entirely done in simple BASIC or Pascal,
and no knowledge of electronics is required!
An A-BUS system consists of the A-BUS adapter plugged into
your computer and a cable ta connect the Adapter to 1 or 2 A-BUS
cards; The same cable will also fit an A-BUS Motherboard for
expansion up to 25 cards in any combination.
The A-BUS is backed by Alpha's continuing support (our 11th
year, 50000 customers in over 60 countries),
The complete set of A-BUS User's Manuals is available for
'A.
. . (3 amp contacts. SPST) individually
controlled and latched. 8 LCD's show status Easy to use (OUT or POKE in
Card address is jumper selectable.
RE-1 40: $129
RE-1 56: $99
Same.featuresas above, but uses 8 Reed Relays to switch low level signals
(20mA max). Use as a channel selector, solid state relay driver, etc.
Analog Input Card ad-i 42: $1 29
Eight analog Inputs. 0 to 4- 5V range can be expanded to 1 00 V by adding a
resistor 8 bit resolution (20mV). Conversion time 120us. Perfect to
measure voltage, temperature/light levels, pressure, etc. Very easy to use.
1 2 Bit A/D Converter an-i 46: $139
Hits analog to digital converter is accurate \^3^S^^^Hii0i'^ ~4Vto
44V Resolution: 1 millivolt. The on board amplifier boosts signals up to 50
hhiiis to read microyo^ time is 1 30ms. Ideal fdi; thermocouple,
slrnin gauge, etc, I channel. (Expand lo 8 channels using the RE-1 56 card).
Digital Input Card in-i41:$59
The eight inputs are optically isolated, so it's safe and easy to connect any
"on/olf" devices, such as switches, thermostats, alarm loops, etc. to your
computer. To read the eight inputs, simply use BASIC INP (or PEEK).
24 Line TTL I/O dg-1 48: $65
Connect 24 input or output signals (switches or any TTL device) to your
computer. The card can be set for input latched output, strobed output,
strobed input, and/or bidirectional strobed I/O Uses the 8255 A chip.
Clock with Ala rm cl-144: $89
Powerful cfocfycalendar with: battery back^is forTtme, Date and Alarm
setting (lime and date); built in alarm relay, led and buzzer; timing to 1/100
RE-140
■ '\ .V."
5 Is converted into a number which is stored on the board. Simply
ead the number with INP or POKE. Use for remote control projects, etc.
A-BUS Prototyping Card pR-152: $1 5
11 by 4V 2 in with power and ground bus. Fits up to 10 I.C.s
Add S3. 00 per order for shipping.
Visa, MC, checks, M.O. welcome.
CT & NY residents add sates tax.
C-O.D. add $3.00 extra.
Canada; shipping is $5
Overseas add 10%
Smart Stepper Controller sc-149: $299
World's finest stepper controller. On board microprocessor controls; 4
motors simultaneously. Incredibly, it accepts plain English commands tike
"Move arm 10.2 inches left". Many complex sequences can be defined as
"macros" and stored in the on board memory. For each axis, you can control:
coordinate (relative or absolute), ramping, speed, step type (half, full. wave),
scale factor. units v hofding power, etc. Many inputs: 8 limit & "wait until"
switches, panic button, etc. On the fly reporting of position, speed, etc. On
board drivers (350mA) for small steppers (MO-1 03). Send for SC-149 flyer.
Remote Control Keypad Option RC-1 21: $49
To control the 4 motors directly, and "teach" sequences of motions.
Power Driver Board Option PD-123: $89
Boost controller drive to 5 amps per phase. For two motors (eight drivers).
Breakout Board Option BB-1 22: $19
For easy connection of 2 motors. 3 ft. cable ends with screw terminal board.
Stepper Motor Driver st-i43: $79
Stepper motors are the ultimate in motion control. The special package
(below) includes everything you need to get familiar with them. Each card
drives two stepper motors (12V, bidirectional, 4 phase. 350 mA per phasel
Special Package: 2 motors (MO-1 03) + ST-143: PA-1B1: $99
Stepper Motors mo-io3: $isor4for$39
Pancake type, 2 ft" dia. W- shaft. 7.5 y /step. 4 phase bidirectional. 300
step/sec, 12V, 36 ohm, bipolar, 5 oz-in torque, same as Airpax K82701-P2.
Current Developments
Intelligent Voice Synthesizer, 14 Bit Analog to Digital converter, 4 Channel
' .I to Analog converter. Counter Timer, Voice Recognition.
AR-133...S69
ArVl33..,$69
AR-134...S49
AR-136...S69
AR-135 .$69
AfM32...$49
AR-137,.$62
AR-13U$39
AR-138...$49
A-BUS Adapters for:
IBM PC, XT, AT and compatibles. Uses one short slot.
Tandy 1000,1 000EX&SX.1 200,3000. Usesonestiort slot.
Apple II, II+. lie. uses any slot.
TRS-80 Model 102, 200 Plugs into 40 pin "system bus"
Model TOO. Uses 40 pin socket. {Socket is duplicated on adapter).
TRS-80 Mod 3,4,4 D. Fits 50 pin bus (With hard disk, use Y-cable).
TRS-80 Model 4 P. Includes extra cable. {50 pin bus is recessed).
TRS-80 Model I. Plugs into 40 pin I/O bus on KB or E/l.
Color Computers (Tandy). Fits ROM slot Multipak. or Y-cabie
A-BUS Cable (3 ft, so cond.) ca-i63: $24
Connects the A-BUS adapter to one A-BUS card or to first Motherboard.
Special cable for two A-BUS cards: CA-1 62: $34
A-BUS Motherboard mb-120: $99
Each Motherboard holds five A-BUS cards. A sixth connector allows a
second Motherboard to be added to the first (with connecting cable CA-
161: $1 2). Up to five Motherboards can be joined this way to a single A-
BUS adapter. Sturdy aluminum frame and card guides included.
• The A-BUS is not a replacement for the Multi-pak
a S' jma Industries Company
ALPHA &m(&kmk
242- W West Avenue, Darien, CT 06820
Technical info: (203) 656-1806
SHn°cr y 800 221-0916
Connecticut orders: (203) 348-9436
Air lines open weekdays 9 to 5 Eastern time
REAL DESKTOP
file Edit options colors Font Size Sltile
CoCo Max III is absolutely the best drawing package
available far the CgCo 3. and It does more than just let
you draw. CoCo Max III Includes animation, text, color
mixing and more features than you would Ihink
possible. It combines Incredlbfe speed with dazzling
graphics and it is a Joy to use even its most powerful
features,
Pictures, graphs, flyers, cards, signs, school projects,
labels, buttons and anything else you might dream of
creating i& now possible with CoCo Max III, Is it any
wonder that the majority of CoCo Gallery pictures in the
last five months were created with GoCo Max?
Thousands of CoCo users have found I hat you donl
have to be an artist to have lun With CoCo Ma*. Youll
wonder why you waited so Jong to get the Incredible
CoCo Max
CoCo Max III is the best because it Includes;
- a Huge picture afaa [two full fii-res 320*192 screens) - a large
editing window - Zoom mode for detail work - £6 drawing tools
which you just point and click on - shrink and stretch - rotation at
any angle (1.5 degree steps) - 512K memory support {afl features
work with 12SK too) - an Undo feature to correct rn intakes - you
can even Undo an "Under Animation - special effects - cotor
sequencing (B colors, variable speed} - thirteen rents (more
available) - each tent has erg lit different sizes - rive style options
(fiold, klBfcc. 3D, etc.} for thousands of font/size/style combination
poeslojhtles, - the Coco Ehow "slide show" program - color
edrtfjia ol patterns - auiomfftic pattern allgnme?ni prints fin single
and double size - smart lasso (move text over a backgrounds)
- advanced tools: a<c, ray, cube, etc, - select 16 ot the 64 colors (aH
64 colors are disproved at once for selectionO - picture converter
(CoCo Ma* IL MGE, BASIC) - extensive prompting - "glyphlc"
clipbook of rubber stamps - douoje click shtiitc-Jls c:oior mixing
(addiiives'subltactlve/none) - money back guarantee - sophistrcaied
daia compression saves disk space - pull down menus (no
commands to remember) * forty paintbrush shapes - two color
lettering - spray can - scrap books of pictures - error free
- Y- cable or muKipack not required - high speed hi-res Interface
tmludeo (plugs Into joy slick port) - disk is not copy prelected
- amazing "fiowbruah - - RGB and composite monitor support
- repJacti color - printing on black and white printers in five shades
of gray - lull color printing with optional drivers for the NX-IOQO
Rainbow and CGF22Q - entirely rewritten for the CoCo 3
can
do wi
th this
are
no
CO
lor,
u
Itimate
I in
pro
gram
for
the
Co
Co
COCO Max III: $79.95
Mai - 1 (l owTiera: deduct $10
System Require merits:
CoCo 3 disk system and a Joystick
t?r Mouse
Printer drivers Included:
IBM/Epson and compatibles. GEMINI,
OM P 1 05/1 06/1 30. OK1 1 32/ 1 02 . CGP330
(B AW) . DMP1 1 0 . 0MP2DQ
Color printer drivers (prints 125
d«»Hrent colore) Star NX- 1000. CGP-
220, or Ok i ma! e 20 each $1 B.95
For oil CoCo Max Versions
Max Edtt Font Editor: a ront is a set of
characters or a particular style, With Max Editvou can
create new fonts or modify ihe existing ones, $1 9,95
M ax Font d [sks [send ror I isi) each $19.95
Max Font Sei (95 fonts on 4 disks) $49 95
OS69/69B Digitizers: mows you to capture tne
Image from a VCR or video cameia and bring it into
your Qwriputer. CoCo Max will jet you load digitized
Matures and modify lhem.
DS-6& (2 images per second. Requires
muirjpak) $99.95
DS-69B (a images/second) SI 49.95
CoCo 1 & 2 Owners
Still Available:
(See previous ads or
write tor Information)
CoCo Max II (works on
all disk CoCos) $69.95
CoCo Max Tape
(CoOol only) $59,95
Y-Cabl* $24.95
CoCo Max IJ Picture
Disk Set
seft of 3 disks: $29. 95
Guaranteed Satisfaction
Use CoCo Max or Max-1 0 for a full month.
If you are not delighted with either of them,
we will refund every penny.
CQLORWARIE
inirins, iptc
TO ORDER ^»
(ZM) 656-1806 MON-FRI 9 to 5 EST^
■/sa of Uasforcard accepl&l C.O.D. orders $3 extra
Check a M.O. to: Cotaware. Wes Ave. DarienCT
Add $3 per order for shipping $5 to Canada. 10% to overseas)
CT residents add 7.5% sales tax
PUBLISHING
[COLORWARE
1
*
You probably already have a word processor, and you
probably wish it had these features;
* Fully menu driven (CoCo Max style) with point and
click marking of text. You don't need the arrow keys!
* True WYSIWYG (What You See Is What You Get)
including variable size fonts, styles
and graphics.
ft Can print multiple columns on a page.
Not limited by printer capabilities; fonts up to 24
points (1/3") high, superscripts, small print, etc,
* Fully integrated spelling checker (incredibly fast), no
need to exit program to check spelling,
U Graphics can be imported from just about anything
(CoCo Max; MGE; BASIC; even Macintosh pictures
from a
Max- 10 has all these unique features, plus all the
features you are used to in your current word
processor. Even with all this, you don't give up anything.
Max-10 is easier to use, more intuitive, faster and more
powerful than anything else. It's not just a word
processor, it's a desktop publisher.
pict«rt
of to**
, si
ss^-sts?^ f r r^ss^- i-^saw?-
you J"**
-S2 ST5 "~ >•
k. worth «
p»ropW«"
mor«
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. off*.
"tfi? "Vol
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f.llno *••«»■ V
*«
"o l«ror««lt° fl
Max-1 0:
CoCo Max III owners: deduct $10
Max-10 requires a CoCo 3, at least 1 disk, & joystick or mouse
Printer drivers included: IBM/Epson and compatibles; DMP
105, DMP106. DMP130; CGP220 (B&W); Gemini/Star
File Edit Search* Layout Font
( i . 1 . 1 . 1^, I
mm
style
s/ Plain Tent
Bold
Italics
CI
Underlined
cu
Superscript
CH
subscript
CL
upuuuuiim
WYSIWIG adj. (wiz-ee-vig) I What |
You See Is What You Get (acronym)
« uukc choice tf ltt kiij fonts and stjles.
' • <>, .''c' ; 'i'>!v;''-'"
5? ^ :>
Some of the many features of Max-10:
- Blinding speed - printing in multiple columns - online dictionary
- spell checking - graphics can be mixed with text - full justification
of proportionally sized characters - bold, italic* underline
sufjerscript and subscript type styles - superb file support, just point
and click - "Undo* lets you correct mistakes - easy to use, no
commands to remember - any graphics program can be used
- pictures can be shrunk or stretched to fit - right and left alignment
- centering - variable line spacing - page numbering * current
page number displayed on the screen - variable tab stops ~ left and
right margins - tabs and margins can vary in the same document
- cut and paste text and graphics anywhere in the file - page break
shows on the screen - pull down menus are quick and simple to use
- lightning fast access to any point in the document with the scroll
box ~ twenty fonts (styles and sizes), more available - any number
of character sizes and styles can be mixed on the same line - up to
more than 1 20 characters per line, depending on font size, style and
letters ^ headers and footers, even with graphics - file compatibility
with other word processors ~ right, left, bottom and top margins
- word wrap - set starting page - type ahead - key repeat - key
click - scroll up and down - ASCII file output lor compatibility
- disk directory - kilt fites- block cut, copy and move - global
search and replace - paragraph indent - clipboard - merge
- show file (on disk) - free memory display - page count
- paragraph count - word count - graphics can be resized and
moved - multiple fonts - error recovery - true lowercase - 512K
memory support (all features work with 128K too) - complete point
and click cursor control - moving, clearing and changing blocks of
text is ridiculously easy, just point and click at each end of the text
block - onscreen ruler - preview file before loading - search and
replace - disk is not copy protected - more than 35 pages of text
1
■•Z 1 . .*-.'••«..
You do not need CoCo Max III to insert and print
graphics in Max-10. Max-10 works with any graphics
creation program, and you can also use graphics
downloaded from bulletin boards.
Similarly, you do not need Max-10 to create graphics
with text in CoCo Max III. There are tremendous
lettering capabilities in CoCo Max III. with its many
fonts, styles, and sizes,
Together Max-10 and CoCo Max III are an unbeatable
combination. This desktop publishing system is better
than anything youVe ever seen on a CoCo. We are so
confident that you will use, and enjoy using *he two
software packages, that we offer an unconditional
money back guarantee. Stop wasting your time and
effort using inferior or obsolete products. Move up to
the new generation of CoCo software now.
mm.
I
390 PRINT #-2, TAB (1) () FRONT WH
EEL DRIVE " ; : PRINT#-2 , TAB ( 30) ; " ( )
REAR WHEEL DRIVE" ; : PRINT #-2 , TAB
(60);"() FOUR WHEEL DRIVE"
400 B$="OPTIONS"
410 PRINT#-2,CHR$(10) ;CHR$(27) ;C
HR$(14) ; TAB ( (47-LEN(B$) )/2) ;B$:P
RINT#-2,CHR$(27) ;CHR$(15)
420 PRINT#-2,TAB(1) ;" () AUTOMAT I
C TRANS"; :PRINT#-2,TAB(30) ;" () M
ANUAL TRANS " ; : PRINT#-2 , TAB ( 60 ) ; "
() FLOOR SHIFT"
43)3 PRINT#-2,TAB(1) ;" () AIR-COND
" ; : PRINT# -2 , TAB ( 3 0 ) ; " ( ) POWER S
TEERING " ; : PRINT #-2 , TAB ( 60) ; " ( )
POWER BRAKES "
440 PRINT#-2,TAB(1) ;" () POWER WI
NDOWS "; :PRINT#-2,TAB(30) ;"() PO
WER DR. LOCKS " ; : PRINT* -2 , TAB ( 60)
;»() POWER SEATS "
450 PRINT#-2,TAB(1) ;»() TILT STE
ERING" ; : PRINT#-2 , TAB ( 3 0 ) ; " ( ) CRU
ISE CONTROL"; :PRINT#-2, TAB (60) ;"
() REAR DEFROSTER"
460 PRINT#-2,TAB(1) ;" () AM/FM RA
DIO"; :PRINT#-2,TAB(30) ;"() AM/FM
STEREO"; :PRINT#-2, TAB (60) ;"() A
M/FM STEREO/TP"
470 PRINT#-2,TAB(1) ;" () VINYL RO
OF"; :PRINT#-2,TAB(30) ;" () SUN RO
OF/T-TOP"; :PRINT#-2,TAB(60) ;" ()
LANDAU ROOF"
480 PRINT#-2,TAB(1) ;" () TINTED G
LASS"; :PRINT#-2,TAB(30) ;"() BODY
TRIM";:PRINT#-2,TAB(60) ;"() TRI
P COMPUTER"
490 PRINT#-2,TAB(1) ;" () ANTILOCK
BRAKES" ;:PRINT#-2,TAB(30) ;"() T
HEFT DETERRENT"; : PRINT* -2, TAB (60
) ; " () RUSTPROOFING"
500 PRINT#-2
510 PRINT#-2 ,CHR$ (15) ; "OTHER OPT
IONS
ii
ti
520 PRINT#-2:PRINT#-2, "
ii
530 PRINT#-2:PRINT#-2, "
•i
540 PRINT#-2:PRINT#-2, "COMMENTS
ii
550 PRINT#-2:PRINT#-2,"
560 PRINT#-2:PRINT#-2, "
ii
570 PRINT#-2:PRINT#-2,"
ii
580 PRINT#-2,CHR$(14)
590 C$="OBSERVATIONS"
600 PRINT#-2,CHR$(27) ;CHR$(14) ;T
AB ( (44-LEN (C$) )/2) ;C$ : PRINT#-2 , C
HR$(27) ;CHR$(15)
610 PRINT#-2,CHR$(27) ;CHR$(19) ;"
HOW DOES THE PAINT LOOK? ()NEW (
)GOOD ( ) FAIR ( ) BEEN TOUCHED UP"
620 PRINT#-2, "HOW DO THE TIRES L
OOK? ()NEW ()GOOD ()WORN ON ONE
SIDE OR THE OTHER"
630 PRINT#-2, "ARE THERE ANY SCRA
TCHES OR DENTS? ()YES ()NO"
640 PRINT#-2, "HAS THIS CAR EVER
BEEN WRECKED? ()YES ()NO**IF YES
WHAT PART OF CAR?"
650 PRINT#-2, "HOW DOES THE INTER
IOR LOOK? ( ) VERY GOOD ( ) GOOD ()F
AIR**DOES IT SMELL MUSTY ()YES (
)NO
660 PRINT#-2, "HOW DOES THE ENGIN
E SOUND?** ARE THERE ANY ODD NOI
SES? ()YES ()NO"
670 PRINT#-2, "ARE THERE ANY LEAK
S UNDER THE CAR? ()YES ()NO** IF
YES, WHERE ARE THEY COMING FR
OM?"
680 PRINT#-2, "DOES THE TRANSMISS
ION SHIFT SMOOTHLY? ( ) YES ()NO"
690 PRINT#-2,"DO THE BRAKES PULL
TO ONE SIDE OR THE OTHER? ()YES
()NO"
700 PRINT#-2 , "DOES THE STEERING
WORK OK? ()YES ()NO"
710 PRINT #-2, "HOW IS THE SUSPENS
ION?**DO THE SHOCKS AND SPRINGS
SEEM TO BE OK? ()YES ()NO"
720 PRINT#-2,"IS THERE A WARRANT
Y ON THE CAR? ()YES ()NO **IF YE
S HOW LONG AND WHAT IS COVEREDBY
THIS WARRANTY?"
730 PRINT#-2,"IS THERE A REPAIR
RECORD FOR THIS CAR? ()YES ()NO"
740 PRINT#-2,"DO YOU KNOW OF ANY
THING THAT IS WRONG WITH THIS CA
R? ()YES ()NO**IF YES WHAT?"
750 NEXTPR
760 CLS:PRINT@236,"GOOD LUCK"
770 PRINT#-2:PRINT#-2:PRINT#-2:P
RINT#-2
24 THE RAINBOW September 1988
VIP Writer III
VIP Writer has ALWAYS led the pack with features and now VIP Writer III still leads the
wayl The chart below illustrates this fact Telewriter 1 28 only gives you 48K for text
Why is it called Telewriter 128? Word power 3 gives only 72KI VIP Writer III /makes use
of over 106KI VIP Writer III is the ONLY CoCo 3 word processor worthy of m name!
WORD PROCESSOR COMPARISON CI^RT
CoCo3with 128K
VIP Writer m
Telewriter 128
Word JSiWer 3
Text Storage
OVER 49.000
48,000
71000
Print Soooier
YbS 57,000
NONfc
NONE
Total Storage
106,000
48,000
72,000
Soeiling Checker
VIP Soeiler
NONE
FREE WARE
RGB HD Support
100%
NONE
N0N£
Screen Display
32/40/54/30
40/80
80
SCREEN DISPLAY OPTIONS
As the chart above shows - VIP Writer lit offers more screen width options -ail with 24
lines and actual lower case letters, tt uses the CoCo 3*s hardware display and double clock
speed and is VERY VERY FAST! You can choose fore and background colors from up to
64 different hues. Color can be turned ON or OFF for the best possible display using a
color or monochrome monitor or TV set VIP Writer III has a built in on-line context
sensitive help fatality which displays command usage in easy to read colored windows.
CUSTOMIZER & PRINTER INSTALLER
VIP Writer III comes with a configuration / printer installation program which lets you
customize VIP Writer ill to suit your own liking. You can set screen width and colors as well
as margins and more. You can also install your own printer and set interface type (serial,
parallel or J&M), baud rate, line feeds, etc. Once done, you never have to enter these
parameters again! VIP Writer III will toad n' go with your custom configuration every timet
TEXT FILE STORAGE
VIP Writer III creates ASCII text files which are compatible with all other VIP Programs
as well as other programs which use ASCII file formal You can use VIP Writer III to even
create BASIC programs! There is a 49K text buffer and disk or cassette file linking
allowing virtually unlimited text space. VIP Writer HI works with up to four disk drives and
lets you display disk directories and free soace as well as rename or kill disk flies, in
addition VIP Writer III is 1 00% compatible with the RGB Computer Systems HARD DISK.
EDITING FEATURES
VIP Writer lit has a full featured screen editor which can be used to edit text with lines up
to 240 characters long with or without automatic word wrap around. You can select
type-over mode or insert mode. There is even an OOPS command to recall a cleared text
buffer. Other editing features include: Type-ahead • rypamatie key repeat and key beep
for flawless text entry • end of line bell ■ full four way cursor control with scrolling » top
of textfile • bottom of textfile • page up • page down • top of screen ■ bottom of screen •
beginning of line • end of line • left one word • right one word • DELETE character, to
beginning or end of line, word to the left or right, or entire line • INSERT character or line
• LOCATE and/or CHANGE or DELETE single or multiple occurrence using wildcards •
BLOCK copy, move or delete with up to TEN simultaneous block manipulations • TAB key
and programmable tab stops • word count • line restore • three PROGRAMMABLE
FUNCTIONS to perform tasks such as auto column creation and multiple copy printing.
TEXT FORMATTING
VIP Writer III automatically formats your text for you or allows you to format your text in
any way you wish. You can change the top, bottom, left or right margin and page length.
You can -set your text flush left, center or flush right. You can turn right hand
justification on or off. You can have headers, footers, page numbers and TWO auxiliary
tines which can appear on odd, even or all pages. You can also select the line on which they
appear! You can even change the line spacing! Parameters can be altered ANYWHERE!
PREVIEW PRINT WINDOW
VIP Writer 111 features an exclusive format window which allows you to preview your
document BEFORE PRINTING IT1 You are able to move up, down, left and right to see
centered text, margins, page breaks, orphan lines eta This makes hyphenation a snap!
PRINTING
VIP Writer III prints TWICE as fast as any other CoCo word processor! It supports most
serial or parallel printers using J&M JFD-CP or Rainbow interface and gives you the
ability to select baud rates from 110 to 19,200. You can imbed printer control codes
anywhere in your text file EVEN WITHIN JUSTIFIED TEXT I VIP Writer III also has
TWENTY programmable printer macros which allow you to easily control all of your
printers capabilities such as bold, underline, italics and superscript using simple key
strokes. Other features include: multiple copy printing • single sheet pause • line feeds.
PRINT SPOOLING
Save up to $150 on a print spooler because VIP Writer HI has a built in print spooler with
a 57,000 character buffer which allows you to print one document WHILE you are editing
another. You don't have to wait until your printer is done before starting another jobl
DOCUMENTATION
VIP Writer III is supplied with a 125 page instruction manual which is well written and
includes many examples. The manual has a tutorial and glossary of terms for the beginner
as well as a complete index! VIP Writer III includes VIP Speller. DISK $79.95
Cassette version does not include VIP Speller. TAPE $59.9 5
VIP Writer owners: Upgrade to the VIP Writer 111 Disk for $49.95
or Tape for $39.95. Send original disk or tape. Include $3 S/H
It's Word Processor Trade In Time
For a limited time you can trade in your old software for the VIP Writer I or III and save up
to $20! Send in your old disk or tape and manual. VIP Writer tape $34.95, disk $49.95.
VIP Writer III tape $44.95, disk $59.95. include $3.00 shipping. Offer expires 8/31/88
VIP Database III
The VIP Database III features selectable screen displays of 40, 64 or 80 characters by
24 lines with choice of 64 foreground and background colors for maximum utility, ft uses
the CoCo 3's hardware screen and double clock speed to be the FASTEST database
available! VIP Database III will handle as many records as will fit on your disks and is
structured in a simple and easy to understand menu system with full prompting for easy
operation. Your data is stored in records of your own design. All files are fulfy indexed for
speed and efficiency. Full sort of records is provided for easy listing of names, figures,
addresses, etc., in ascending or descending alphabetical or numeric order. Records can be
searched for specific entnes using multiple search criteria. With Database III mail-merge
you may also combine files, sort and print mailing lists, print form letters, address
envelopes - the list is endless. The built-in MATH package even performs anthmetic
operations and updates other fields. VIP Database (II also has a print spooler and report
generator with unlimited print format capabilities including embeddabie control codes for
use with ALL printers. ' DISK $6935
VIP Database owners: Upgrade to the VIP Database 111 Disk for I
$39.95. Send original disk. Include $3 shipping. I
VIP Integrated Library
The VIP Integrated Library combines all six popular VIP application programs - VIP
Writer*, Speller, Calc, Database*, Terminal and Disk-ZAP - into one program on one disk!
The program is called VIP Desktop. From the desktop you have instant access to word
processing with a spelling checker always in attendance, data management with mail
merge, spreadsheet financial analysis, telecommunications and disk maintenance. 64K.
required . Indude $4.00 shipping for this product DISK $149.95
•CoCo 3 owners: Purchase the VIP Integrated Library /WDE (Writer & Database
Enhanced) which has the VIP Writer 111 and VIP Database Hi in place of the VIP Writer and
VIP Database. Include $4.00 shipping for this product. DISK 51 69.95
Previous VIP Library owners: Gail or write for upgrade pricing. |
VIP Writer
VIP Writer is also available for CoCo 1 and 2 owners and has all the features found in the
VIP Writer 111 including VIP Speller except for the following: The screen display is 32, 51,
64 or 85 columns by 21 or 24 rows. Screen colors are green, black or white. Help is not
presented in colored windows. Double clock speed is not supported. Parallel printer
interface is not supported. Print spooler is not available. Hard disk is not supported.
Even so, VIP Writer still out-features the rest! ffs a CoCo 1 or 2 owners best choice in
word processors. Includes VP Speller. DISK 569.95
Cassette version does not include VIP Speller. TAPE $49.95
VIP Speller
VIP Speller works with ANY ASCII file created by most popular word processors. It
automatically checks text files for words to be corrected, marked for speaal attention or
even added to the dictionary. You can even view the misspelled word in context! VIP
Speller comes with a specially edited 50,000 word dictionary, and words can be added to
or deleted from the dictonary or you can create your own. DISK $34.95
VIP Database
VIP Database has all the features of VIP Database HI except the screen widths are 51 , 64
and 85. Screen colors are green, black and white, double speed is not supported, spooler
is not available. Still VIP Database is the best database for the CoCo 1 & 2! DISK $49.95
VIP Calc
Now every CoCo owner has access to a calculating and planning tool better than
VisiCalc™, containing all its features and commands and then some. VIP Calc displays 32,
51, 64 or 85 characters by 21 or 24 lines right on the screen. VIP Calc allows up to a 33K
worksheet with up to 512 columns by 1024 rows! In addition, VIP Calc has multiple
windows which allow you to compare and contrast results of changes. Other features
include 16 DIGIT PRECISION * trig, functions * averaging • algebraic functions • column
and row ascending and descending SORTS • locate formulas or titles in cells * block move
and replicate * global or local column width • limitless programmable functions • works with
ANY printer. Embed printer control codes for customized printing. Combine spreadsheet
data with VIP Writer documents to create ledgers, projections, statistical and financial
budgets and reports. Requires 64K. DISK $59 .95
VIP Terminal
For your important communications needs you've got to go beyond software that only lets
you chat. You need a smart terminal so that you can send and receive programs and
messages and print them! The VIP Terminal features 32, 51, 64 or 85 characters by 21
or 24 lines on the screen and has a 43K byte buffer to store information. DISK $39.95
VIP Disk-ZAP
VIP Disk-ZAP is the ultimate disk repair utility for simple and quick repair of most disk
errors. Designed with the non-programmer in mind, the VIP Disk-ZAP will let you retneve
all types of bashed files, BASIC and Machine Language programs. It even works with 40
track drives! The 50 page tutonal makes the novice an expert. DISK $24.95
AH disk products are unprotected and run under RSDOS.
SIE) IEntieirmiisies
©(503) 663-2865 tSIpQB ^33 Gresham. OR 97Q30
Please add S3 tor shipping and handling. Outside continental US add $4 S/H. COD oroers add an
additional $2,25. Checks allow 3 weeks for delivery. AM other orders are shipped the same day.
TSCwrSS 128 it a rademaifc ol Cogmwc Wad Power 3 * a JademaS of ttaocom Software.
CoCo Gallery 7^ 2b-22, iwz
26
THE RAINBOW September 1988
2
(1) 1st Place (CoCo 3)
Queen Angelfish by Hal Katschke
Hal, of Frankfort, Illinois, used Color Max 3 to create this
brightly colored tropical fish. He enjoys developing
graphics and programming in basic and assembly
language.
(2) 2nd Place (CoCo 3)
CoCo 3 Shop by Ed Hathaway
Color Max Deluxe was used to develop Ed's depic-
tion of what a rainbow store in Prospect, Kentucky,
would look like. Ed is in partnership with Second
City Software and is president of the Glenside
Color Computer Club of Illinois.
(3) 3rd Place (CoCo 3) Tie!
Sunset by Tracy Lammardo
Tracy, of Clifton Park, New York, used Color Max Deluxe
to create this atmospheric phenomenon. She is a graphic
designer and uses computer graphics and desktop
publishing in her work.
(4) 3rd Place (CoCo 3) Tie!
Maine by Ed Hathaway
Ed used Color Max Deluxe to create his rendition of the
famous Portland Head Light lighthouse in Portland,
Maine, as a reminder of his New England home. Ed now
lives in Glendale Heights, Illinois, with his wife, Ruth, and
3-year-old son, Scott.
(5) 1st Place (CoCo 1 & 2)
Sea Set by Randy Adams
CoCo Max tl was used to create this graphic. Randy is
the head shipping clerk at The Computer Center and is
a member of the Memphis Color Computer Club Users
Group.
*M Place (Black & White)
Memphis by Logan Ward
Logan used Color Max 3 to illustrate his city's skyline. His
interests include baseball card collecting and following
NASCAR races.
September 1988 THE RAINBOW 27
Honorable Mention
For details on the next CoCo Gallery Live
competition, see Page 49.
CoCo 3
(7) Winter Home
by Logan Ward
Color Max 3 was used to draw this scene.
Logan is the president of the Memphis
Color Computer Club Users Group, and is
the artist behind the rainbow's CoCo Cat
and Maxwell Mouse cartoons. He and his
wife, Stacey, live in Memphis, Tennessee.
(8) Fire-Breathing Dragon
by Howard C. Rouse
(9) Pheasant in Flight
by Howard C. Rouse
Howard used CoCo Max III to create these
two graphics. He is a 63-year-old retiree
from Ocala, Florida.
(10) Egyptian Dancer
by Madeleine Dufour
CoCo Max III was used to design this
graphic. Madeleine, of Cacouna, Quebec,
is the mother of three grown children and
uses the CoCo for word processing, dat-
abasing, playing Adventures and drawing.
(11) Unicorn
by Christine Dufour
Christine used CoCo Max III to illustrate
this mythical animal. She is studying
mathematics at Laval University in Canada
and enjoys playing piano, painting, read-
ing and computing.
CoCo 1 & 2
(12) Bing
by Terry Peck
Terry used CoCo Max 11 to design this
holiday scene. She is the editor of the
Memphis Color Computer Club newsletter
and enjoys fun in the sun, cross-stitching
and drawing on her CoCo.
Black & White
(13) Axel Foley
by Brian Gillaume
Brian, of Green Bay, Wisconsin, used
CoCo Max II to depict this character from
the first of the Beverly Hills Cop movies.
10
1
-V ■ *
I r
_L_L
11
13
12
SHOWCASE YOUR BEST! You are invited to nominate original work for inclusion in upcoming
showings of "CoCo Gallery." Share your creations with the CoCo Community! Be sure to send a
cover letter with your name, address and phone number, detailing how you created your picture
(what programs you used, etc.) and how to display it. Also, please include a lew tacts about yoursett.
Don't send us anything owned by someone else; this means no game screens, digitized images
from TV programs or material that's already been submitted elsewhere. A digitized copy of a picture
that appears in a book or magazine is nor an original work.
We will award two first prizes of $25, one for the CoCo 3 and one for the CoCo 1 and 2; one
second prize of $15 and one third prize of $10. Honorable Mentions may also be given.
Please send your entry on either tape or disk to the CoCo Gallery, THE RAINBOW, P.O. Box
385, Prospect, KY 40059. Remember, this is a contest and your entry will not be returned.
— Angela Kapfhammer, Curator
28
THE RAINBOW September 1988
Telewriter-128
the Color Computer 3 Word Processor
For over 5 years now, Telewriter has been
the #1 Color Computer word processor,
both in popularity and in performance.
Telewriter's near perfect mix of sophisti-
cated professional features and a very natu-
ral user interface, has earned it the highest
praise in numerous magazines, and an in-
tensely loyal following among tens of thou-
sands of Color Computer users all over the
world.
HISTORY
Throughout the history of the Color Com-
puter, Telewriter has pioneered software
breakthroughs that set the standards.
In 1981, it was Telewriter 1.0 that first took
the Color Computer's inadequate 32X16 all-
uppercase display, and replaced it with a
graphics-based 51X24 upper and lowercase
display.
A few years later, Telewriter-64 added high
density 64X24 and 85X24 displays and ac-
cess to the full 64K of the newer Color
Computers.
THE NEW AGE
Today, Telewriter-64 is recognized as the
standard ColorComputer word processor. It
runs on all Tandy Color Computers — from
the original Color Computer 1, to the Color
Computer 2, and 3.
But the Color Computer 3 brings a whole
new level of power to low cost computing
and, so, a new Telewriter is here to put that
power to work for you . We call it Telewriter-
128.
TELEWRITER- 1 28
You don't mess with a good thing, so
Telewriter-128 is still Telewriter-64 at heart.
The commands, and the user interface are
essentially the same. If you know
Telewriter-64, then you already know
Telewriter-128. And, if you don't know
Telewriter-64, you'll still have an easy time
learning and using Telewriter-128.
80 CXMAJMNS
But there are major differences as well. First,
Telewriter-128 uses the Color Computer 3's
new 80 column screen display.
This means, simply, that using Telewriter-
128 on a low cost ColorComputer 3 will look
a lot like using a more expensive word
processor on a much more expensive IBM
PC, PS/2, or clone.
SPEED
Second, Telewriter-128 is lightning fast.
Telewriter-64 was fast in its own right, but,
by accessing the Color Computer 3's video
hardware directly, and by running the
machine in double speed mode, Telewriter-
128 is able to provide extremely fast scroll-
ing and instant paging — functions whose
speed is crucial to serious word processing.
In this department, Telewriter-128 doesn't
simply keep up with IBM-based word proc-
essors — it generally surpasses them!
ease
Third, Telewriter-128 adds a host of new
features big and small, that make it even
easier to use.
Features like: Quick function key access to
the editor or the menus — an instant on-line
help screen summarizing all Telewriter
commands and special characters — an
option file where you store your personal set
of format and screen settings so you only
have to set them once!
Then, there's a quick save feature which
allows you to save all your current work
without leaving the editor. There's a simple
way to cursor through the disk directory and
read in a file by just hitting ENTER. And
there's more.
NEW POWER
Telewriter-64 always had the power to
handle any kind of serious writing, from
letters to textbooks. But, here too,
Telewriter-128 adds major features.
Like Macros — which let you insert whole
words or phrases (even sets of control codes
or format commands) into your text, with a
single keypress. And every time you power
up Telewriter-128, the macro definitions are
automatically loaded*, so they're always
there.
Then there's a Print Preview feature that
shows you, on-screen, the way your printed
text will look — with margins, headers,
centering, justification, page numbering,
and page breaks. This guarantees letter
perfect documents every time, and makes
tasks like widow/orphan line elimination, a
breeze.
TFXEWRITER-64 OR TELEWRITER 1 28
We could go on listing features, but the point
is this: If you own a ColorComputer, you al-
ready have the hardware for the most
powerful, low cost word processor in town.
All you need now is to add the heart and
soul:
Telewriter-64, for the Color Computer 1
and 2, costs $59.95 on disk, $49.95 on
cassette.
Telewriter-128 for the Color Computer 3
costs $79-95 on disk, $69.95 on cassette.
To order by Mastercard or Visa call (619)
755-1258 anytime, or send check or money
order plus $2 shipping (Californians add 6%
sales tax) to:
COGNTTEC
704 Nob Ave.
Del Mar, CA 92014
To upgrade from Telewriter-64 to
Telewriter-128, return your original disk or
cassette with $39.95. (Add $10 if you're also
upgrading from cassette to disk. Deduct $ 10
with proof of Oct '87 - Feb '88, purchase of
Telewriter-64.)
When I first got Telewriter-64 last year,
I was in heaven. I couldn't believe the
program's versatility and ease of use.
-The RAINBOW, Oct. 1985
TELEWRITER-64 FEATURES: Compatibility with any. printer that works with
the ColorComputer; embedded control codes for underlining, boldface, sub/
superscript, variable fonts; format commands for headers, centering, margin and
spacing changes anywhere in the document; Format menu to set margins,
spacing, page numbering, BAUD rate, lines per page, justification; Chain
printing for one shot printing of multi-file documents. Fast, full-screen editor
with wordwrap, block copy /move/delete, global search and replace, wild card
search, fast 4-way auto-repeat cursor, fast scrolling, forward and backward
paging, text alignment, tabs, error protection, word and line counter. Insert or
delete text anywhere on the screen. Simple, easy to remember commands.
Optional ASCII files for compatibility with spell checkers, terminal programs,
and BASIC. Load, save, append, partial save files to disk or cassette. Kill, rename
and list disk files. Cassette verify and auto-retry on error.
TELEWRITER- 128 - ADDITIONAL FEATURES: Print preview from editor;
multiple copy print; footers; hanging indents; cursor thru disk directory to load,
append, rename and kill files; quick file save from editor; keyclick; key repeat
true block move; 24, 25, or 28 line screen; 40 or 80 column screen; dual speed
cursor; on-line help; overstrike mode; word delete; wordwrap at margin; user RAINBOW
' ^ ^ ° CERTIFICATION
definable macros; nested macros; instant status window for information on seal
cursor position, word count, etc.; instant function key access to menus or editor;
options menu for setting character and screen colors, key repeat and delay rates,
definable foreign symbols.
IBM and PS/2 are trademarks of International Business Machines [nc. 'disk version only
I F e atur e
64K Disk
i fc«^7
the '
<on>
RAINBOW
LA- -;\
Cut down on time spent in formatting disks
Mass Disk Formatter
By Neal Larson
I use a double-sided drive and buy
large quantities of disks. If you are
like me, you know how monoto-
nous formatting lots of disks can be! I
decided to modify parts of the DSKINI
routine in Disk-BASIC.
The code is broken into three simple
but effective routines. The first section
is simply a routine to put your C0C0
into all-RAM mode. The second rou-
tine prints a message to tell you when
to put in a new disk. The final routine
changes the drive number and inserts a
jump into the DSKINI routine to return
it to this program. The program allows
the user to set up the number of drives
and formatting order, then writes a
stand-alone binary program that can be
loaded and used separately.
The number of actual in-program
Neal Larson owns a home-based soft-
ware business, Dualtronics Software,
and holds a Ph. D. in computer science
and in computer programming.
messages is limited because of size
limitations of the cassette buffer where
the program resides. This was the eas-
iest place to put the program since it
isn't used by the DSKINI routine by 16K
or 64K CoCos.
1 have found this program works best
with a straight drive system or with the
hardware switch (DOS tricker) that
allows the use of both sides. I use the
hardware switch to make my Drive 0
into drives 0 and 2 and my second drive
as drives 1 and 3. When I have the
program set to 0, 2, 1, 3, it will format
0 and 2 then go to the next drive for 1
and 3. Then it pauses until I press a key
— definitely better than typing DSKINI
over and over and over!
To use the program, simply load and
run it. There are intensive instructions
and warnings to be sure to cold start
your C0C0, because it does alter the
memory, interferes with the normal use
of DSKINI, and can cause the loss of
data if a program uses the cassette
buffer.
The first instruction asks you to enter
the first drive you want to format. Then
it asks if this is the last drive; if you want
to use only the first drive or you have
only one drive, answer Y for yes. The
program now saves the binary program
(in my case 0, 2, 1, 3).
Enter the numbers one at a time,
because the basic program will step
through the questions four times until
you press Y, in which case it jumps to
the save routine for the binary program.
This program has reduced the
amount of time I spend on formatting
disks to one-tenth of the time needed
when using DSKINI. It is very simple
and easy to use, due in part to the help
1 received from Ken Learman, who
made the program even easier for the
novice to use and to follow.
(Questions or comments regarding
this utility may be directed to the author
at 743 V2 W. College Avenue, #8, Ap-
plet on, Wl 54911. Please enclose an
SASE when requesting a reply.) □
180
91
300
221
490
50
600
101
END
....60
The listing: FDRMfiTTR
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
***************************
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
MASS DISK FORMATTER
BY
NEAL LARSON
(C)1988 BY
DUALTRONICS SOFTWARE
APPLETON WISCONSIN
PUBLIC DOMAIN SOFTWARE
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
***************************
100 CLS
110 GOSUB 550
120 PRINT@32,CHR$(128) ;"super ,, ;C
HR$(128) ;"disk M ;CHR$(128) ;" forma
tting" ; CHR$ (12 8); "routine" ; CHR$ (
128) ;CHR$(128) ;
130 PRINT@224,STRING$ (9,128) ; "pr
ess";CHR$(128) ; "a" ;CHR$ (128) ;"ke
y " ; STRING $ (12,128);
140 EXEC 44539
150 CLS
160 PRINT§3 2, "THIS PROGRAM WILL
MAKE THE NESSARY CHANGES TO
THE RS DOS IN ORDER TO MASS F
ORMAT (DSKINI) DISKS THE WAY THIS
IS DONE INVOLVES PUTTING T
HE COCO INTO ALL RAM AND MAKING
CHANGES TO THE FORMATTING ROU
THE RAINBOW
September 1988
MieroWorld 11
PO Box 5330
Clinton, NJ 08891
^^^^ COMPUTER CENTER
1 MieroWorld ]
Since 1982
S*Mfi Pa; (215) 863-8911
In NJ: (201) 735-6138
&l Compute
MieroWorld
PO Box 69
Wind Gap, Pa. 18091
Since 1982
Free Shipping*
100% TANDY Products*
CoCo
CoCo III, 128K
$145.00
CM-8
$248.00
ndynaVuX-OLrlDlD W/CDI
$Ji/ . uu
FD-502 Drive 0. CoCo
$225.00
DMP-106
$165.00
DMP-130A (132)
$265.00
SEIK0SHA SP1000 lOOcps
$159.00
Same as DMP-130
SEIKOSHA SP1200 120cps
$199.00
Same as DMP-130A/132
Star Hi croni es NX15
$399.00
■ MM* " M% * * -a Afc Mm, 4%
Star Hi crom cs NX1000
$199.00
rr** Qi
LLr-oi
5>4j.OO
joysticks irairj
Loior Mouse
$33.00
Deluxe toior House
#oo aa
$ Jo. 00
Joystick * ULLuxt
tlA Aft
(24.00
Serial Cables
$3.25
Hi -Res Joystick Interf.
$8.00
CoCo Upgrades
CoCo III, 512K UPGRADE
$135.00
Hulti-pak upgrade OLD
$12.00
Multi-pak upgrade NEW
$12.00
COMPUTERS
TANDY 1000 HX Computer
$535.00
TANDY 1000 TX Computer
$860.00
TANDY 1400 LT
$1195.00
TANDY 3000
$1475.00
TANDY 3000 HL.
$1090.00
TANDY 4000
$1890.00
MONITORS
VM-4 Monochrome Monitor
$95.00
CM-5 RGB Color Monitor
$220.00
CM- 11 RGB Color Monitor
$310.00
EGM-1 color Monitor
$525.00
CM-8
$248.00
Magnavox - 8 CM 515
$298.00
HARD CARDS
TANDY 20 Meg Hd Card
$439.00
30 Meg ZUCKER
$499.00
HARD DISKS
(Kits include cable ic controller)
Seagate 20 Mg Kit
tonn AA
$299.00
Seagate 30 Mg Kit
$349.00
Seagate 40 Mg Kit
$399.00
rLUrr I UKIVijO
TEAC Internal:
TEAC 5 1/4 Disk-360kb
$99.00
TEAC 3 1/2 Disk-720kb
$119.00
FLOPPY DRIVES
External:
5 1/4 Ext. Drive-HX/EX
$180.00
3 1/2 Ext. Drive-HX/EX
$199.00
Internal:
5 1/4 Disk-360kb
$125.00
3 1/2 Disk-720kb
$125.00
3 1/2 to 5 1/4 Adapter
$24.00
5 1/4 1.2M FDD Kit
$215.00
5 1/4 360K FDD Kit
$140.00
PRINTERS
DMP-106
$165.00
DMP-130A (132)
$265.00
DHP 440
$545.00
DWP-520
$719.00
DMP 2120
$1279.00
LP1000 Laser
$1699.00
SEIKOSHA SP1000 (DMP-130)
$159.00
SEIKOSHA SP1200 (DMP-132)
$199.00
Star Mi cronies NX15
$399.00
Star Mi cronies NX1000
$199.00
HOARDS
Smart watch
>DU.UU
r I us upgrade rtuap xer du
ti? ^n
nemory r i us txpansi on du
ti in nn
}JL 1U . UU
CPA A/j^nfop
tuA Muapter
tiAR nn
-9 JOO . UU
MUUriMo
1200 Baud Pc Modem
$159.00
Plus 300 Baud Pc Modem
$75.00
Plus 1200 Baud PC Modem
$150.00
Mlbl
Serial House
$36.00
Joystick - DELUXE
$24.00
Monitor Platform
$24.00
* Ribbons - DMP-130
$8.00
<r\ * ii „ ntJA 1 AC! 1 1 AC
Ribbons - DMP-105/106
4>o. bU
Flips - R/S
$11.00
Disk Clean Kits
$5.00
Cover - DMP-105/6
$3.00
Cover - CoCo I I/I I I
$3.00
Cover - DMP-130
$3.00
Bulk Erasers
$12.00
Flip n" Files w/lock
$11.00
(3-1/2 or 5-1/4)
Library Case-Black
$1.50
Library Case-Tan
$2.00
Paper- Mini 20#
$4.00
Paper #15
$14.00
Paper #20
DISKS
$10.00
Tandy SS 5 1/4 Di sks
$9.00
$10.00
Tandy DS 5 1/4 Disks
Tandy DS 3 1/2 Disks
$28.00
Winners DS/DD W/Lib case
$7.50
Winners SS/DD W/Lib case
$7.00
20% ^ &aAi& hkajck hopm/tib
* 100% TANDY Warranty on TANDY products - Manufacturer's Warranty applies on all other items.
* FREE UPS shipping on orders over $50 (In the Continental US) - under $50 add $5 for shipping.
* The above prices are CASH prices - add 3% for credit cards. No COD's will be taken. Prices
may be slightly higher in our retail stores.
* All returns must have prior authorization and are subject to a re-stocking fee.
TINE SO WHEN »
170 PRINT "YOU ARE DONE FORMATTIN
G BE SURE TO COLD START YOUR COC
0 (TURN ITOFF THEN BACK ON AGAIN
) JUST A RESET MAY NOT ALLWAYS
REBOOT THE ROMS"
180 PRINT : PRINT"PRESS A KEY TO C
ONTINUE " : EXEC 44539 :CLS
190 PRINT" PLEASE READ ALL OF THE
QUESTIONSCARFULLY BECAUSE THIS
PROGRAM WRITES A MACHINE LANGU
AGE PROGRAM THAT IS STAND
ALONE AND NEEDS NO OTHER PROGRAM
TO WORK"
200 PRINT :PRINT"PRESS A KEY TO C
ONTINUE"
210 EXEC 44539
220 CLS
230 PRINT@32 , "FIRST, THE NEXT SE
T OF QUESTIONSWILL MAKE THE NESS
ARY ADJUSTMENTS TO THE
PROGRAM FOR YOUR NEEDS 1"
240 PRINT© 2 2 4, "PRESS A KEY TO CO
NTINUE ! "
250 EXEC 44539
260 PRINT@32,"SET ORDER OF DRIVE
S FOR FORMAT"
270 DR$="FIRST"
280 FOR NU=1 TO 4
290 CLS :PRINT@96, "WHAT DRIVE DO
YOU WANT ";DR$: INPUT DR
300 IF DR$=" FOURTH" THEN 410
310 GOSUB 350
320 PRINT@160,"IS THIS THE LAST
DRIVE? [Y] OR [N] ";:LIN
EINPUT QU$
330 IF QU$="Y" THEN 430
340 NEXT NU
350 IF NU=1 THEN DR$="SECOND" :GO
TO 380
360 IF NU=2 THEN DR$= " THIRD ": GOT
0 380
370 IF NU=3 THEN DR$="FOURTH"
380 IF NU=1 THEN POKE&H255,DR:GO
TO 420
390 IF NU=2 THEN POKE&H264 , DR:GO
TO 420
400 IF NU=3 THEN POKE&H273 , DR:GO
TO 420
410 POKE&H282 / DR:GOTO 490
420 RETURN
430 IF NU=1 THEN POKE&H24F, &H01:
POKE&H250,&HF2:GOTO 460
440 IF NU=2 THEN POKE&H25E, &H01:
POKE&H25F,&HF2:GOTO 460
450 IF NU=3 THEN POKE&H26D, &H01:
POKE&H2 6E , &HF2 : GOTO 460
460 IF PEEK(&H250)=&HF2 THEN SAV
EM" FORMAT" , &H1DA, &H25C, &H1DA:G0T
0 500
470 IF PEEK(&H25F)=&HF2 THEN SAV
EM "FORMAT" , &H1DA, &H2 6B, &H1DA:G0T
0 500
480 IF PEEK(&H26E)=&HF2 THEN SAV
EM" FORMAT" , &H1DA, &H27A, &H1DA:G0T
0 500
490 IF PEEK(&H27D)=&HF2 THEN SAV
EM" FORMAT" , &H1DA, &H289 , &H1DA
500 CLS
510 PRINT@32, "YOU NOW HAVE A P
ROGRAM LABELED [FORMAT . BIN] AND W
HEN YOU USE ITIT WILL WORK AS A
STAND ALONE PROGRAM THAT WILL
NOT NEED A BASIC DRIVER. JUS
T REMEMBER THEORDER OF THE DRIVE
S YOU USED WHEN YOU USE THE P
ROGRAM ! "
520 PRINT "remember THIS PROGRAM
AND [FORMAT . BIN] REALLY ME
SSES WITH THE MEMORY AND YOU SHO
ULD COLD START YOUR COMPUTER BE
FORE YOU USE ANY OTHER PROGRAM!
ii
530 EXEC 44539
540 END
550 CLS
560 PRINT@226, "STAND BY SETTING
UP PROGRAM."
570 FOR P=474 TO 651
580 READ A
590 POKE P,A
600 NEXT P
610 CLS0
620 RETURN
630 DATA 26,80,142,128, ,166,132,
183,255,223,167
640 DATA 128,140,224, ,39,5,183,2
55,222,32,23 9,28,175,189,169,40
650 DATA 142,4,32,16,142,2,32,14
1,23,142,4,96,16,142,2,48
660 DATA 141,14,189,173,251,142,
4,224,16,142,2,67,141,2,141,57
670 DATA 166,160,129, ,39,4,167,1
28,32,246,57,73,78,83, 69,82
680 DATA 84,96,78,69,87,96,68,73
,83,75, ,82,69,65,68,89
690 DATA 122,96,80,82,69,83,83,9
6,65,96,75,69,89, ,70,79
700 DATA 82,77,65,84,84,73,78,71
, ,142,2,93,191,210,208,150
710 DATA ,151,235,198,4,189,213,
178,142,2,108
720 DATA 191,210,208,134,1,151,2
35,198,4,189,213,178,142,2,123,1
91
730 DATA 210,208,134,2,151,235,1
98,4,189,213,178,142,1,242,191,2
10
740 DATA 208,134,3,151,235,198,4
,189,213,178,18,255
32 THE RAINBOW September 1988
MasterCard VISA C.O.D. CHECKS
Second City Software
CoCo CALENDER :
Organize all of your appointments
with this 365 day CoCo Calender.
64k DISK $9.95
BLACKJACK ROYALE :
Even your casino odds with this Black-
jack card simulation and tutor! Pro-
gram can be edited for different house
rules. 64k DISK $16.95
BSE - BASIC SCREEN EDITOR :
Gives Basic a full-screen editor to
supplement the regular EDIT commands,
works on the CoCo 1&2 and with the CoCo
3, WIDTH 32, 40 or 80 is supported!
Complete screen cursor control with
the arrow keys+features to make EDIT-
ing Basic programs a snap! BSE, a must
have CoCo utility. Our low price was
the only corner that was cut on this
quality program
64k DISK $19.95
CHECK-09 :
Finally, a program that interacts with
MultiVue for FAST and EASY check
balancing. CHECK-09 and you can now
take control of your bank checking
account. No more waiting on your bank
statement for an ending balance.
CHECK-09 will provide a check-by-check
balance in an easy to use format that
eliminates those monthly surprizes!
Bring your money and you closer to-
gether and have the buck STOP HERE!
512k DISK $22.95
CoCoHAX II : By Colorware
The 'CLASSIC CoCo graphic program.
Draw great works of art with the
program that set a standard for all
others to follow. Supported by a Hi -Res
interface and numerous printer drivers
for complete configuration.
64k DISK $78.45
CoCoMAX III : By Colorware
Al I new program based off the 'CLASSIC
CoCoMax II software. Allows for full
animation, select 16 colors from a 64
color palette, fast & easy to use w/
pull down menus in a point-and-cl ick
environment.
128k or 512k DISK $78.45
CoCo KEYBOARD :
Program allows the user to utilize the
function keys on the HJL-57 Pro-
fessional, Deluxe CoCo, and Micronix
keyboard. 32k DISK $6.95
TELEPATCH:
Turn Telewriter 64 into the best Word
Processor for the CoCo 1&2! TELEPATCH
is compatible with all CoCo's. Comes
with complete documentations for easy
upgrading and changes.
64k DISK $24.95
HI-RES FONT MODIFIER:
Create, modify, save and re-use as many
CoCo 3 fonts that you can imagine.
128k DISK $14.95
COLOR MAX III FONT EDITOR:
Allows you to custom create your own
special ColorMax III fonts. Program
and manual is easy to use for out-
standing results! 128k DISK $19.95
SCHEMATIC DRAFTING PROCESSOR:
A 'FAST' and 'EASY TO USE' ELECTRONIC
DRAFTING PROCESSOR. Create pro-look-
ing diagrams using a 480x540 pixel
screen with 6 viewing windows! Over
'30' electronic symbols with 10 defin-
able symbols. Even supports Logic
gates & Mult i pin chips! Print hardcopy
or save to disk for later use.
64k DISK $22.95
OS-9 SOLUTION :
Tame the hostile environment of OS-9
with OS-9 SOLUTION! Replaces 20 of the
command calls with single key- stroke,
menu driven commands. No more long and
complex pathnames or syntaxes to re-
member! Works with either OS-9 Level
One or Two $24.95
TAPE/DISK UTILITY :
A utility package that transfers TAPE
to DISK or DISK to TAPE automatically.
If you just got your first disk drive,
TAPE/DISK is a MUST HAVE program. Will
print tape & disk directories to any
supported printer.
64k DISK $19.95
FAST DUPE 2 :
Backup & Format as many copies of your
original disk that you need. FAST DUPE
2 reads source into memory for fast and
realible disk transfer. Supports up to
4 disk drives
64k DISK $19.95
SECOND CITY SOFTWARE
ORDER
P.O. Box 72956
Roselle, IL 60172
Order: 312-653-5610
BBS: 312-307-1519
ACCEPTS MASTER CARD, VISA, C.O.D. AND
CHECK ORDERS. PLEASE ADD $2.50 FOR
SHIPPING & ALLOW 1 TO 3 WEEKS FOR
DELIVERY. C.O.D. ORDERS, ADD AN ADD-
ITIONAL $2.00.
MY DOS : By Chris Hawks
Supports accesses to double sided
drives, able to use the J&M Controller
with the CoCo 3, DIR commands simpli-
fied and a host of other special
features. 64k DISK $14.95
VIP LIBRARY:
This popular ' intergraded' package
includes, VIP Writer, Terminal, Data
Base, Calc and Disk Zap which can fix
a diskette with I/O errors. SCS special
price. 64k DISK $125.00
SOFTWARE SPOOLER & RAM DISK:
Quick response or no disk swapping
drive backups for 1 drive system.
Printer spooler to free computer dur-
ing printing. 512k DISK $19.95
THE NEWSPAPER:
Use your CoCo 3 for 'DESK TOP PUB-
LISHING!' THE NEWSPAPER is a complete
& sophisticated program for creating
Banners, Headlines & Text columns.
Allows for importing different pic-
tures, fonts & full patterns from disk
for that professional look! Includes
22 fonts and 50 pictures. This one-of-
a-kind program has over 140k of program
code! 128k or 512k DISK $39.95
THE NEWSPAPER GRAPHICS DISK I :
The FIRST OFFICIAL supplementary pro-
gram disk for THE NEWSPAPER. Contains
'50' NEW PICTURE FILES, '10' NEW FILL
PATTERNS and # 3' ADDITIONAL FONT SETS!
GRAPHICS DISK I is available only from
Second City Software at a special in-
troductory price of $16.95
COMING SOON . THE NEWSPAPER PLUS!
If you bought THE NEWSPAPER from SCS
then the updated program disk will be
FREE! If you bought this program from
someone else, there will be an upgrade
fee of $19.95.
NEW SCS SOFTWARE PROGRAMS
A-DOS 3 : The very popular Disk Operat-
ing System from Spec troSys terns for the
CoCo 3 $34.95
SCS can custom 'burn' your ADOS 3 pro-
gram onto an EPROM. Call or write for
full details.
TELEWRITER-128 : Take your CoCo 3 to new
word processing heights with this ALL
NEW and IMPROVED program. Stop playing
around with upgrades and patches to TW-
64! 128k or 512k DISK $76.95
1 Feature —
Fantasy joins forces with Co Co to
help children's reading skills
CoCo3
By Rick Cooper
sing a CoCo 3, Badwolf helps
young children learn their
ABCs. In this program, a favor-
ite fairy tale is used to teach children
both the alphabet and keyboard skills.
The program opens with a scene from
the fairy tale, "The Three Little Pigs."
The child is asked to help the smart pig
along the path to its home by typing in
the letters of the alphabet. For every
correct answer, the little pig takes
Rick Cooper, a principal, teacher and
coach, enjoys writing programs more
than using them. Although many of
Rick's programs are used by his
teachers and students, his best critics are
his wife, Donna, and daughters, Kristin
and Kasey.
•iff, .
\
THE RAINBOW September 1988
Complftt Car Sign Designer
Program Editing Screen
♦
M HOT
Sample Car Signs
Make Your Own
Professional Looking
Custom Car Signs
The Car Sign Designer™
includes everything you need:
• 2 plastic sign holders with suction cups
• SO sheets of bhght yellow 9 1/2" x 11" lanfokJ paper
• Car Sign Designer program on disk
• Ciaarty wnnen users manual.
The Editor Screen:
• Lets you select 1,2.3. or 4 lines of text.
• Centers each line of text automatically.
• Adjusts character width on each line automatically.
• Uses special car-sign bold, easy to see. typ» faca.
• Features WYSIWYG (What you see is what you get).
All editing is performed on a full screen graphic
representation of the actual sign that you are designing.
• Character set includes letters A to Z, digits 0 to 9,
special symbols, and punctuations.
Make Signs in 4 Easy Steps:
1. Design the sign on the computer screen.
2. Print the sign on your dot-matrix printer."
3. Fold the sign on- the indicated lines.
4. Insert the sign into a reusable sign holder.
Hundreds Of Uses:
Express Yourself: Tell someone you love them, support your
favorite sports team or political candidate, and more.
Change your messege as often as you Ilka: With the Car
Sign Designer's reusable plastic holders it costs just a few
pennies to make a new sign.
Use Them Everywhere: Put them in your car windows, rec-
reational vehicles, on your refrigerator, room doors. Use them
in stores and store windows for advertising.
Special Occasions: Make signs and use them, or even sell
them, at special events such as church fundraisers, high-
school football games, political rallies, automobile shows and
races.
Requires 64K CoCo I, II, or III, same printers as
CoCo Graphics Designer. Order #CSCC $29.95
^-T | oo 0iifl on
AMERICA
ill A
PARTY
OFFICE
Some Pictures from CoCo Graphics Designer Picture Disk #2
VARIETY B0LD3
UESTERN TYPE
ft
1 1 r «Ti""n
u i u i 1 1 n_
STEICIL eCCCOT
Sample fonts from CoCo Graphics Designer Font Disk A
mm
It's fun making your own Greeting Cards, Signs, and Banners.
Coco
Graphics
Designer
Only $29.95
The Coco Graphics Designer pro-
duces beautiful Greeting Cards,
Banners, and Signs for holidays,
birthdays and other occasions.
The program features picture,
border, and character font editors,
so that you can modify or expand
the already built in libraries. Plus
a special "grabber" utility is includ-
ed lo capture areas of high resolu-
tion screens for your picture li-
brary.
Requirements: a Coco I, II or III
with at least 32K, one disk drive,
BASIC 1.0/1.1, ADOS 1.0/1.1 or
JDOS. Printers supported include:
Epson RX/FX, Gemini 10X, SG10,
NX10, DM P 100/105/110/130/430
CGP220, many Okidata (check
with Zebra), Seikosha GP1 00/250,
Gorilla Banana, Legend 808. Or-
der #C323 Coco Graphics De-
signer
Picture Disk #1
This supplementary picture library
diskette contains over one hun-
dred additional pictures.
#C333 Picture Disk #1 $14.95
Colored Paper Packs
150 sheets (50 each red, yellow,
blue) with 60 matching envelopes.
Perfect for making your produc-
tions outstanding.
#C274 Paper Pack $19.95
Three New
Picture Disks
WeVe hired freelance professional art-
ists to expand the selection of pictures,
and fonts available' for our Coco Graphics
Designer. We think you'll agree that the
quaility of their work is excellent. Each
picture disk contains 128 pictures.
The selection of pictures has been guid-
ed by the requests we've received Irom
our many Coco Grahics Designer custom-
ers. If we've missed drawing pictures for
subjects that interest you, please submit
your requests for our consideration.
Picture Disk #2 $14.95
Special Occasions:
Party Hat, Cake, Gift
Box, Champaigne, Juke
Box, Saxaphone, etc.
Sports: Baseball, Basketball,
Tennis, Running, etc.
Office: Computer, File Cabinet,
Memo Pad, Clip Board,
etc,
American: Rag, Eagle, Astronaut,
Indian, Liberty Bell, etc.
Picture Disk #3 $14,95
Religion: Church, Cross, Candles,
Menorah, Bible, Star, etc.
Animals: Dogs, Cats, Tiger, Cow,
Giraffe, Birds, Elephant,
Turtle, Pig, Horse, etc.
Nature: Flowers, Trees, Sunsets,
Mountains, Lakes, etc.
Travel: Car, Bus, Airplane, Taxi,
Gas Pump, Tickets, etc.
Picture Disk #4 $14.95
Includes these holidays and others...
Christmas: Tree, Star, Wreath, etc.
Easter: Egg, Bunny, Lillies, etc.
New Years: Calendar, Fireworks
Chanukah: Menorah, Star, etc.
Hottoween: Pumpkin, Witch, etc.
Independence Day: Liberty Bell, Indepen-
dence Hall, Fireworks, etc.
Presidents Day: Linclon, Washington, etc
Ground Hog Day: Ground Hog, Etc.
Two New I
Font Disks
Font Disk A $14.95
Contains 10 Fonts
Font Disk B $14.95
Contains 10 Fonts
NOTE: Our WICO Trackballs and Coco
Car Sign Designer are still available. See
our ad in the previous issue of Rainbow.
Ordering Instructions: All or-
ders add $3.00 Shipping & Han-
dling. UPS COD add $3.00.
VISA/MC Accepted. NY resi-
dents add sales tax.
Zebra Systems, Inc.
78-06 Jamaica Ave.
Woodhaven, NY 11421
(718) 296-2385
another step closer to home. If a letter
is typed out of order, the poor pig must
wait on the path until the correct letter
has been typed.
When all but the last three letters of
the alphabet have been typed, the little
pig reaches home. Now, which house
should the little pig enter, X, Y or Z?
In two of the houses, the little pig will
be safe; but in one house, the hungry
wolf waits for dinner. The wolf's hiding
place is chosen randomly. Each time the
program is run, the little pig runs the
risk of becoming the wolfs next meal.
The child must choose a house and hope
that the little pig doesn't have a run of
bad luck.
Badwolf gives children an opportu-
nity to learn both the correct order of
the letters in the alphabet and their
placement on a keyboard. Most impor-
tant, the program lets children have fun
while they learn.
(Questions or comments concerning
this program may be directed to the
author at P.O. Box 276, Liberty, KY
42539. Please include an SASE when
requesting a reply.) □
260 252 1300 28
490 7 1550 225
690 89 1820 128
900 116 2060 253
1080 213 END 38
50 PALETTE 0,63: 'WHITE BACKGROUN
D
60
80
90
1J3J3
PALETTE 1 , J2J : 1 BLACK FOREGROUND
PALETTE
PALETTE
PALETTE
PALETTE
9,32
8, 17
7,34
6,7
The listing: BADWOLF
J8
110 PALETTE
120 PALETTE
5,4
4,61
RED
GREEN
BROWN
GRAY
BLUE
1 PURPLE
BY RICK COOPER
' BADWOLF
C 1987
10 PCLEAR8
20 ON ERR GOTO 2290
30 ON BRK GOTO 2290
40 PALETTE 10,60: 'FLESH
130 DIM PS(26,2) ,WS(11,2) ,PO(26)
,CR$(26)
140 POKE &HFFD9,0
150 HBUFF 1,500
160 HBUFF 2,700
170 HBUFF 3,500
36 THE RAINBOW September 1 988
18J3 HBUFF 4,7j3j3
190 HCOLOR 1,0
2f50 GOSUB 2030
210 FOR X=l TO 24 :READ PS(X,1),P
S(X,2) :NEXT X
220 FOR X=l TO 11: READ WS(X,1),W
S(X,2) :NEXTX
230 HSCREEN2
240 HCIRCLE(20,2j3)*, 10
250 HDRAW ff BM16, 12 ;H4D5BR16U5G4BD
6D1R1L2BL6L2R1U1"
2 60 HCIRCLE(20,24) , 4
270 HCIRCLE(20,24) ,1
280 HCIRCLE(20,32) ,3
290 HPAINT(23 ,27) , 10,1
300 HPAINT ( 13 , 11) , 1)3 f 1
310 HPAINT(27,11) ,10, 1
220 HPAINT(20,23) ,10,1
220 HDRAW M BM17 , 30 ; L1H2L1H2D9E2R1
E2R1BR4R1F2R1F2U9G2L1G2L1"
340 HPAINT (14, 32) , 9,1
350 HPAINT (19 ,32) ,9,1
360 HPAINT (25, 32) ,9,1
270 HCIRCLE(50,20) ,8, ,1.5
380 HDRAW ,f BM45 , 10 ;U4H3L2D6F4"
390 HPAINT (43, 8) ,7,1
400 HDRAW f, BM55,10;U4E3R2D6G4"
410 HPAINT(57,8) ,7,1
420 HCIRCLE(47,15) ,2
430 HCIRCLE(53,15) ,2
440 HDRAW !, BM4 8 , 23 ;U1E1R2F1D1BD3U
1H1L2G1D1BD3U1E1R2F1D1G1L1H1BR6R
5F3L25E3R5"
450 HPAINT(52,30) ,5,1
460 HPAINT(45,30) ,5,1
470 HPAINT(50,18) ,7,1
480 HLINE(70,0)-(70,40) ,PSET
490 HLINE-(0,40) ,PSET
500 HPAINT (1, 1) ,4,1
510 HGET(7,7)-(33,37) ,1
520 HGET(36,2)-(65,35) ,2
530 HCLS
540 HDRAW "BM25 , 10 ; G15E15F15H3U5
L3D3F6D2 5L31U2 5BR10BD25U10R6D10 "
550 HPAINT(30,30) ,7,1
560 HDRAW M BM40 , 52 ;R5F8R14E9R2 6E1
0R20"
570 HDRAW 1 BM18 , 52 ; D8R25F8R17E9R2
7E10R21"
580 HDRAW »BM140,10;R3F2D2F3R1F2
R1F2D2F3D2G1D1G2D3G1D2G2D2G3L2G2
D15L8U15H1R11L11H1R2H3U2H2U2H1U3
H2U1H1U2E3U2E2R1E2R1E3U2E2R3 "
590 HPAINT(140,30) ,8,1
600 HPAINT (140, 60) ,7,1
610 HDRAW"BM156 , 30 ;E15R35U2R40U2
R37F20D30R2D2 5G15L3 5U2L27"
620 HDRAW M BM144 , 47 ;R6E22R35U2R40
U2R30F15D25R2D20G10L30U2L31G7"
630 HDRAW"BM260, 40 ;U2E2U1E2U1E3R
One- Liner Contest Winner ... .
Use your right joystick to control your horizontal
motion as you ski between the trees. Try to get to the
lower right-hand corner of the screen. An *L' means
you crashed, and a C W means you made it.
The listing:
0 CLS : PMODE3 : PCLS ; SCREEN 1 : LINE (0
:r 0 ) - ( 2 5 5 , 19 1 ) , PSET , B : FORS=0TO400
:X=RND(210) :Y=RND(166) :LINE(X+40
, Y+20 ) - ( X+3 9 , Y+2 5 ) , PSET : NEXT : X-2
0 : Y=l : FORL=0TO99 9 : Y=Y+ . 2 : IFX+Y>4
0 0THENPRINT 11 W" ELSEX=X+ ( JOYSTK ( 0 )
-3 2 ) * . 0 3 : IFPPOINT ( X , Y ) <4THENPSET
(X,Y,2) : NEXTELSEPRINT 11 L"
Michael Toepke
Oak Harbor, WA
(For this winning one-liner contest entry, the author has been sent copies
of both The Second Rainbow Book of Adventures and its companion The
Second Rainbow Adventures Tape.)
P.O. Box 1283 Palatine, IL 60078-1283
(312) 397-2898
RAINBOW
CERTIFICATION
SEAL
Our Famous Hard Disk Interface
We'va sold hundreds of our affordable, high-performance CoCo XT and CoCo
XT-RTC hard disk interfaces to a very hot Color Computer market in a single year!
This year, 1988, is The Year of the Hard Disk" at Burke & Burke.
The CoCo XT hard disk Interface lets you conned up to 2 low cost, PC compatible
5-120 Megabyte capacity hard drives to your CoCo. You buy the drive, Western Digital
WD1002-WX1 or WD1002-27X (HLL) controller, and a case from the PC dealer of
your choice. Just plug them Into the CoCo XT, plug the CoCo XT into your Multi-PAK,
and you have a 20 Meg OS9 hard disk system for under $4501
Great for multi-user systems! The CoCo XT interface uses advanced "NO HALT"
hard disk controllers, which do not halt your CoCo and do not disable or use interrupts
during hard disk access. You get full type-ahead, and the system clock does not lose
time during hard disk access. Fully compatible with most RS-232 expansion ports!
CoCo XT (with anodized housing, 60 page user manual, hard disk back-up utility and
new, Version 2.3 drivers for use with both OS9 & HYPER-I/O) - $69.95. Or choose
the CoCo XT-RTC (Includes real-time clock / calendar with battery backup) - $99.95
THE PROFESSIONAL TOUCH: XT-ROM - Automatically boots and reboots OS9
from hard disk. Installs in your hard disk controller's BIOS ROM socket - $19.95.
Now: Hard Disk for BASIC
"Dynamic Disk Interface" runs hard drives, big floppies, and morel
You or someone that you know may have the 35 Track Blues. It strikes hundreds of
CoCo users every year. One day you wake up, and say to yourself, These 35 track
floppy disks are just too small."
There's only one cure. More storage. Get it. With HYPER-I/O, from Burke & Burke.
BASIC for the Ws
HYPER-I/O modifies the RS-DOS Disk BASIC in your CoCo 1 , 2, or 3 to provide a
"Dynamic Disk Interface". Use your existing BASIC and RS-DOS software with hard disk
interfaces (CoCo XT, DISTO), RAM Disks, and any mix of floppy drives from 160K to
720 K each. Fully RESET protected, user configurable, expandable, OS9 compatible,
EPROM-able HYPER-I/O may soon be TH E system of choice for the CoCo \ , CoCo 2,
and CoCo 3. HYPER-I/O Version 2.5 now available for only $29.95.
HYPER-III (RAM Disk and Print Spooler for CoCo 3 HYPER-I/O) -$19.95
Shipping (within Iho USA) CoCo XT $2.00; Disk or ROM $1.50. COD's add $2.20.
wawmamimamWammmiiammHawmm
September 1988 THE RAINBOW 37
2E2R5F2R1F3D2F1D2F1D2L2 5"
*-t XJ *—t XV —J X X4 1\ -X X «J X^ Xl X XJ X4 X X ±J 1 J ^
1040 I$=INKEY$ : IF IS= Mn THEN 104
^» *• A* ^» — X » X \iU X. *ip * jX «X* +f JJ» X X XJ X » Jkk Jfc#
640 HPAINT (270.351 .6.1
650 HDRAW"BM217 . 95 ; G2 0D3 0G2 0L3 0H
w ~ ' ^J X A w Xvti f I J— 'i. X X< X / VJ Xi XJ XJ «J JW Vj XJ XJ «J JfcV 1 1
1050 IF I$<>CHR$ f J+641 AND fJ=4
3 0U3 5H2 5L3 0G3 0D3 4 "
w X/ VJ »J wllM <m/ JLJ wJ XJ \J w 1/ ^J 0/ ~
OR J=5 OR J=10 OR J=15 OR J=2 01
660 HDRAW M BM228 .99 ; G2 0D3 0G25L4 0H
THEN 1900
3 5U35H2 0L2 5G2 5D3 0L6"
•J «J VJ mJ Jllii XJ XJXl «J \J X* — ' la/ -J XJ XJ VJ
1060 IF ISOCHRS f J+641 THEN 1040
M Jb# ^b. wX X ^ ^ V^X XX X *p I VJ V# A y X> X X XJiX 1 \J
67j3 HDRAW"BM22j3,75;Ulj3E5R14F5D10
1070 HDRAW"BM"+STR$ f PO f Jl 1 +" . 9"+
G5L14H5BR11BD6D6R3U6"
XJ X * X X «J 1J1\ X> XJ l—J VJ 1 — / VJ IV J ' — ' VJ
CR$(J)
680 HPAINTf 225 . 651*. 9 . 1
W Sal JJ XX X AT. X I X* £ri «J . W J f *S . X.
690 HDRAW"BM222 73"+CR£(191
VJ — ' ^kJ lii/l\iiri XJXXxj Xj X* f 1 «J 1 V» I\ y I X «7 J
108 0 J=J+1
1090 GOSUB 1580
*mm JU «^ JJ VJ V^ i— ' VJ X^ ^J V/ JU
700 HDRAW"BM227 73"+CR£(201
1100 GOTO 950
X* yU mJf VJ V^ X» V^ ^J XJ
710 HDRAW"BM2 34 . 73"+CRS (151
1110 I$=INKEY$:IF I$=" 11 THEN 111
-x* xj ^v >y xv x xjj x • x- x «x v* x x xxjxi ^> ^> .x»
720 HDRAW"BM2 40,73"+CRS (161
730 HDRAW ,f BM13 0 12 0 : D2 0R C 5U2 0T J C 5'R E 5
1120 IF IS<"X" OR IS>"Z U THEN 11
X X Xi XJ XX X y A VJ Xv X <Y ^ XJ X 11 Xj XI X X
D3R4 0U3R5D2 0L5U2 0D17L5U14L5D14L5
10
x^/
U14L5D14L5U14L5D14L5U14D14L5R3 5 11
1130 GOSUB 1580
740 F0RX=2 TO 62 STEP 3 0
1140 I-ASCfI$l-87
750 HLINE fX, 1601 - fX+25 . 1901 . PSET
f ' V X X A i i «X» X 1 XW ■ 4 X m XV M \ X^ « «L» «^ XV J / X> X^ X>
1150 R=RND f 3 1
«b *^ X X X XX 1 X«/ I mJ J
. B
1160 Xl= f 0+ f 1-11 *301
^» V JfcJ X X X 1 XJ 1 X X» J W *J J
760 HLINE fX. 1601 - (X+13 .14 01 . PSET
< w iiux xi xj \ f xw ju/ / i a ■ x. ^ ^ x. " i i ru xj x
1170 Yl=160
770 HLINE fX+13 1401-fX+25 1601 P
/ / JJ LXXJX.li XJ ^ A 1 X, ~J f X. *T ^LV J ^ A r Xi «J ^ X. \J fj 1 f X
1180 HGET f XI . Yll - f Xl+26 . Yl+3 01 3
■J- ^ w SJ 4iw XJ X I 41 X f X X / \ / XJ 1 . mj
SET
kJ 1 XJ X
1190 HPUT f XI . Yll - f Xl+2 6 . Yl+301 1
v xxx vj x i x x x> § x Xi j i j x i xj v# f x jl. i «j jy J / X»
78 0 NEXT X
, PSET
/ X VJ XJ ^
790 HPAINTfl5 1551 9 1
1200 FOR Z=l TO 100: NEXT Z
Xi xj JtJ X V^ X x xj Xi X VJ JL JU» V * 1* Xj xx X XJ
800 HPAINT ^45 1551 8 1
1210 X2=f0+fR-ll*301
^ £. ^ XJ J C V XJ ■ I XV X J J JJ J
810 HPAINT f 75 1551 7.1
*J X t/ XXX ii X. XI X I ' ^ / x>^«/ y ^ / / JL
1220 Y2=160
Xi XJ XJ \J X XJ JL w XJ
820 HDRAW'BM 9 180 :E2U1E2U1E2U1E
w X< 11X/XUX f 1 Lli X ^ ^ XU JLV f XJ \J JL> Xj Xt w X. XJ w _1_ XJ
1230 HGET f X2 . Y2 1 - f X2 + 29 . Y2 + 33 1 4
JW X< •J' >J X X VJ XJ X ^ ii M f X X< J \ f J f
2U1E2BL10F2D1F2D1F2D1F2 D1F2 11
6Uxij6 i-JXJX, X ^ XV XI Xj i— ' X. X Ct LJ XI 6 LJ X. X Xj
1240 HPUTfX2 Y21-fX2+29 Y2+331 2
X Xi » XJ XXX VJ X ^ Ax ^ X Xi J ^ A Xd 1 Li J ^ X X< 1 J J j ^ x<
830 HDRAW !, BM44 . 180 ;U8E2U1E2BL8F2
. PSET
ff X kJ XJ X
125 0 IF T=R THEN 19 8 0
X Xi ~J ^ XX X Xv XIIXjIi X -7 O ^tj
840 HDRAW"BM70 180 ;R10L10E2U1E2U
<J x t/ X lUlul F I 1J1 X / >y f A- \J JJ f AX fJ XJX JbV XJ X> \J X J— I X> W
1260 FOR X=l TO 255 STEP 10
X Xj VJ XJ X VJXV A X X VJ Xi «J «J kJ X Xj X X XJ
1E2U1E2U1E2L10"
X XJ Xi W X XJ Xj \>J XJ X« XJ JW
1270 SOUND X.l
JL> Xi 1 JJ *-J VJ VJ X i XJ J k . X
850 HPAINT fl 11 4.1
\J mJ XJ XXX All" X I X j X 1 j ~ J X
12 8 0 NEXT X
X x< VJ XJ ll Xj A X A
8 60 HCOLOR 9 0
129 0 FOR Z = l TO 4 00- NEXT Z
lb J jJ X VJXV XJ X XvJ '-t jj jj • 1 1 Xj -A. X xj
870 HPRINTf31 151. "THE"
U / JLV XXX XVXXl X I ^ X ^ X -J J f X X XXJ
13 00 HPRTNT f 17 22 1 "YOU MADE IT
X «J JtV jj Xxx Xv X li XIX / fXiXiJ ^ x vJ VJ x XxxXJXj X X
880 HPRINTf27 161 "BIG BAD WOLF"
\J \J fJ ill X\X 11 X I Xi / f JL \J J f LJ X w UaLLJ If vXJl
HOMF 1 1 "
XXVJl IXj a ■
890 HPRTNT f 3 1 171 . "AND"
o J xj iirxvxii xiwx^x / j f nxi LJ
1310 HPRINTM7 23 1 ."WANT TO PLAY
X -J X XJ ill XvXXl XIX / f ~J f f " 1 nil X XVJ x XJnx
900 HPRTNT f 27 181. "THE SMART PIG
J JJ XJ IXx i\J. H 1 V / / / 1 XXJ kJ X XfiXX X XX w
AGAIN Y/N"
Awn x x i x / xi
II
1320 IS=INKEYS:IF 1$="" THEN 132
X mJ fid JJ Jm *J Jm 11 XVXJj X ^ * X> X -X *Y X X XXJ X 1 Jto *J Xl
910 HCOLOR 1.0
■J X* li w VXJWi\ <x . x>
0
92 0 J=l
1330 IF T$="N" THEN 2290
XJJ XJ XX X tJ li XXX Xj li Xi Xi -7 1£J
93 0 K=l
1340 IF IS<>"Y" THEN 1320
X <J " XJ XX X fcJ ^ ^ X X 1 1 Xj ll X «J Xi XJ
940 GOSUB 1490
1 TRCJ HrOT.OP 4 1
1 J Jjf xxv^vJXjvJxv ** ^ X
950 X1=PS f J 11
-J -mJ XJ A X X \ f /
1360 HT.TNF(0 01-^319 91 PSET BF
X J UJf llXJXllXj ^ f jH ) ^ «J X -J ^ -J y ^JTvJXjX^XJX
960 Yl=PSfJ.21
1370 HLINEfl30 1761-f319 1911 PS
X «J / XJ 1 1 XJ X 11 Xj I X <J XJ / X r VJ J l«JX«J^X.JXy ^ X kJ
970 IF X1=0 THEN 1310
J § XJ X X A K/ X X XXJ X 1 JV w X XJ
FT RF
xj X / XJx
980 GOSUB 1420
^ U JO V_I kj \J LJ X * Xi XJ
X«J O ^ 11 \— W JjUXv A- j jj
990 IF J=24 THEN 1110
1390 HPUTfX2 Y21-fX2+29 Y2+331 4
J. J Zs jj 11 x VJ X ^ A x> ^ X Xi y ^ Ax 1 fci J ^ 1 6 I J J J f *"t
1000 IF J=6 THEN K=K+1: GOSUB 161
X XJ XJ XJ XX \J \J XXXXJX1 XV XX 1 X • U vU w 1J X w X
ixu£il
0: GOSUB 1490 :K=K+1: GOSUB 1610: GO
IxiClCi HPUT^YT Yll-^Xl + 26 Yl + 301 3
J m L ± JJ JJ kl XT \J X ^ AX ^ XXy ^ A1T40 ^ IITJ^J
SUB 149 0 • K=K+1 : GOSUB 1610* GOSUB
kJ> w XJ XT*? Xy • X v X v I X a UW kJ w XJ X vJ X It/ • VJvVU VJ XJ
pqpm
1490
X T -X K/
X'tx^C' UUIU j £tjJ
1010 IF J=12 THEN K=K+1: GOSUB 16
X XJ X XJ XX \J X Xi X 1 X Xj X l Xv X v i X • VJ vJ i_? VJ XJ X VJ
1 AO Oi T?FM PTTT PTfZ
146)11 XVXjI 1 i U X x X w
10 # GO C 5UB 149 0 • TC=TC+1 • GOSUB 1610 -G
X XJ • wVJkj U iJ X *± ZJ xj • X\ xv ' X • VJ VJ VJ XJ X VJ X lw • w
OSUB 1490
VJf W U JW ™ *^
1440 HPUT^YT Yl^— ^Xl+26 Yl+301 1
X 1 t jt/ ill U 1 ^ J/V X / IX j ^ AX 1 Xi VJ ^ 1 XT jjy ^ f X
1020 IF J=16 THEN K=K+1 : GOSUB 16
X XJ X* XJ XX LJ X VJ XX XXJ 11 Xv XV 1 X • VJ VJ kj VJ XJ X VJ
P^FT
^ x O Xj X
10: GOSUB 1490 : K=K+1 : GOSUB 1610'G
X JJ • VJ VJ itJ VJ XJ Xt J JJ * X v X v ' X • Vj VJ \J VJ XJ X VJ X XJ • VJ
14 j^y o u u 1 1 u 4 jj jj f ±.
OSUB 1490
w UJ> VJ xJ X> Jk — ' Xj
14 6 0 PY=Y1
It UyU lA Jx X
103 0 IF J=2 2 THEN K=K+1 • GOSUB 16
X JJ J JJ XX VJ Xj x« X XXXjXi Xv Xv I X • VJ VJ kJ VJ XJ X VJ
147 0 PY=Y1
J-'-t f jj XX X X
10:GOSUB 149p:K=K+l: GOSUB 161j3:G
14 8p RETURN
OoUd 14 3p I x\=J\H-l : GOoUd 161)3 JGOSUB
14 9)9 REM PUT WOLF
149^ : GOSUB 161j3: SOUND 2,1
15j3)3 X2=WS(K / 1)
38
THE RAINBOW September 1988
CR$(1) =
iijlUzri-LUXriXr -LJJXr JLJ-iJK
\ AZ i
, XZTJ J j ,*i
J JJz r 1
if
UPTTTfY? V9 ^ —
\ AZT Z -?
, iZTJJ j ,Z
2060
CR$(
:2) =
IITT£T3 O "CI HOT ODTTTI HOT "3 II
U oKzr XJJz LjKj r XJJzIjJ
1 K A 0
X J *T ^
U U U 1 1 iJ ^ ^ x
2070
CR$(
:3) =
II PTT 1 T? 1 DOT?! r*l T 9 IT 1 TTA TT* 1
"1 ^ R 01
rV A — AZ
R2F1"
WY=Y2
2080
CR$ (
RETURN
2090
CR$(
:s) =
JKZ JjZU
158J3
REM BLANK PIG
2100
CR$ (
;6) =
HTTTP9T.9TT7P A H
1590
HPUT(PX,PY) -
(PX+2 6
, f iTjjfl ; , j
2110
*-
CR$ (
7) =
MPATT9T 1P1 noTlTTAPAm W
,PSET
2120
CR$ (
:s) =
HTT^HAP T TTA Fl£ "
1600
RETURN
2130
CR$ (
I\3 J_i J U D J_iZ X\D
1610
REM BLANK WOLF
2140
CR$ I
:xj3)
— »TT9n9P7TT^T.9PA U *
— U Z JJZ X\0 U O J_iZ
1620
HPUT(WX,WY) -
(WX+29
; VVITJ J j ,*i
2150
*-
CR$ 1
— U O JJ4 £j J vjZ r J
,PSET
2160
CR$ I
;i2)
— I'P AT.ATTfi H
1630
RETURN
2170
CR$
;i3)
— UDL/ir jLi J U 1JJO
1640
DATA 12,26
2180
CR$
(14)
— uouir 4uiuo
1650
DATA 44,40
2190
CR$
[15)
1660
DATA 80,40
2200
CR$
(16)
uoi\zr j.uzv7xj-jz
1670
DATA 110,30
2210
CR$
(17)
— "TT^P A DfiT.d.'RF 9 "P9 P 1 11
— U Ol\4 UOLinDIi^r ZXxJ.
1680
DATA 150,15
2220
CR$
(18)
= ,l TTfiP9"P 1 inPdT,9PlF^ fl
— UOXxZr 1UZu1Jj&£\1£ z
1690
DATA 175,10
2230
CR$
(19)
1700
DATA 210,8
2240
CR$
(20)
1710
DATA 250,6
2250
CR$
(21)
*— DU1U jUjT 1I\ZL1U J
1720
DATA 280,14
2260
CR$
(22)
= M BU6F2D1F2D1U1E2U1E
1730
DATA 290,34
2"
1740
DATA 288,65
2270
CR$(23)
= M BU6D1F1D1F2U1E3D1F
1750 DATA 284,75
1760 DATA 255,80
1770 DATA 225,82
1780 DATA 200,90
1790 DATA 195,110
1800 DATA 175,140
1810 DATA 150,155
1820 DATA 110,140
1830 DATA 100,100
1840 DATA 90,70
1850 DATA 60,70
18 60 DATA 30,80
1870 DATA 20,105
1880 DATA 126,64,180,44,216,35,2
60,41,216,35,180,55, 160,60, 140,9
1890 DATA 110,80,80,100,40,100
1900 REM GOT EATEN
1910 HDRAW 11 BM 11 + S TR $ (PO(J) )+",9"+
CR$(J)
1920 GOSUB 1610
1930 GOSUB 1580
1940 X2=PS(J,1)
1950 Y2=PS(J,2)
1960 HGET(X2,Y2) -(X2+29, Y2+33) ,4
1970 HPUT(X2, Y2) -(X2+29, Y2+33) ,2
,PSET
1980 FOR X=40 TO 1 STEP -1
1990 SOUND X,l
2000 NEXT X
2010 HPRINT(17,22) , "YOU WERE JUS
T EATEN ! ! "
2020 GOTO 1310
2030 B=l
2040 FOR X=5 TO 2 69 STEP 12:PO(B
)=X:B=B+1:NEXT X
3E2U1E1U1"
2 280 RETURN
2290 POKE &HFFD8,0
2300 END
Gain access 1c the uast tuarehcuse cf information
stored in your "non-conscious" mind through your
computer keyboard.
There are mini-programs or circuits in everyone's "non-
conscious" mind which will enable them to accomplish
remarkable things. In order to utilize these mini-programs, a
bridge of communication must be established between the
conscious and the "non-conscious" parts of the mind. Six
years of research and development have resulted in a proven
aid for establishing this bridge.
"The Answer" is a software package which aids you in
communicating with your "non-conscious" mind to solve
questions and difficult problems in a question/ answer format .
It utilizes graphics and optional user-programmable subliminal
messages to strengthen the communication bridge.
Ask your questions... seek the answers... EXTERNALIZE
THE RESULTS via automatic disk-stored record and optional
print-out.
□rder now for only SEFI.Ra ( + s3. DD s/H)n 0 coo- 8 .
Turn on your computer and turn on the power of your mind!"
CALL (317) 962-6644 TO ORDER
Alpha - Biotechnologies, Inc.
P.O. Box 2203 • Richmond, IN 47375
September 1988 THE RAINBOW 39
The Rainbow Bookshelf
Fill out your CoCo library
with these selections
The Complete Rainbow Guide to OS-9
Authors Dale Puckett and Peter Dibble show how to take
advantage of OS-9's multitasking and multiuser features. An easy-
to-read, step-by-step guide packed with hints, tips, tutorials and free
software in the form of program listings.
Book $19.95, Disk Package $31 (2 disks, book not included)
The Rainbow Book of Simulations
20 award-winning entries from THE RAINBOW'S first Simulations
contest. You are a Civil War Commander, an air traffic controller,
a civil defense coordinator, or a scientist on Mars . . . your wits are
on the line.
Book $9.95, Tape $9.95
The Windows and Applications Disk for The
Complete Rainbow Guide to OS-9 Level II, Vol. I
Puckett and Dibble have done it again! Here are all the great
programs from the first volume of the Level II guide. Clever new
applications ready to run. Disk $19.95
The Rainbow Introductory Guide to Statistics
Dr. Michael Plog and Dr. Norman Stenzel give a solid introduction
to the realm of statistical processes and thinking for both the
beginner and the professional. (80-column printer required.)
Book $6.95, Tape or Disk $5.95, Package $11.95
The First Rainbow Book of Adventures
Contains 14 winning programs from our first Adventure contest.
Includes Sir Randolph of the Moors, Horror House, One Room, Dr.
Avaloe and more. Plus hints, tips on solving Adventures.
Book $3.50, Tape $3.50
The Second Rainbow Book of Adventures
Featuring 24 of the most challenging Adventure games ever
compiled. Meet the Beatles and battle the Blue Meanies, find a
hidden fortune, or win the heart of a mysterious princess. Ring
Quest, Secret Agent Man, Dark Castle, Curse of Karos and more!
Book $13.95, Tape $13.95
The Third Rainbow Book of Adventures
The excitement continues with 19 new Adventures. Discover
backstage intrigue at the London Theatre, attempt a daring space
rescue, or defeat evil in the year 2091 as a genetic android. Evil
Crypt, Spy master, Time Machine, The Amulet, and that's only the
beginning! Book $11.95, Tape $9.95, Two-Disk Set $14.95
The Second Rainbow Book of Simulations
The 16 winners from our second Simulations contest. Fly through
dense African jungle, bull your way down Wall Street, lead a bomb
squad, or try your hand at Olympic events. Test your skills and
talents. Book $9.95, Tape $9.95, Disk $10.95
r 1
/ want to start my own Rainbow Bookshelf!
Name
Address
City
State
ZIP
□ Payment Enclosed, or □ Charge to:
□ VISA □ MasterCard □ American Express
Account Number
Card Expiration Date
Signature
Please send me:
□ The Rainbow Book of Simulations
□ Rainbow Simulations Tape
□ The Second Rainbow Book of Simulations
□ Second Rainbow Simulations Tape
□ Second Rainbow Simulations Disk
□ The Complete Rainbow Guide to 0S-9 (book only)
□ Rainbow Guide to 0S-9 Disk Package (2 disks)
□ The Windows & Applications Disk for
The Complete Rainbow Guide to 0S-9 Level II, Vol. I
□ The Rainbow Book of Adventures (first)
□ Rainbow Adventures Tape (first)
□ The Second Rainbow Book of Adventures
□ Second Rainbow Adventures Tape
□ The Third Rainbow Book of Adventures
□ Third Adventures Tape
□ Third Adventures Disk Set (2 disks)
□ Introductory Guide to Statistics
□ Guide to Statistics Tape or Disk (indicate choice)
□ Guide to Statistics Package (indicate choice of tape or disk)
Add $2 per book Shipping and Handling in U.S.
Outside U.S., add $4 per book
Kentucky residents add 5% sales tax
(Allow 6 to 8 weeks for delivery) Total
$ 9.95
$ 9.95
$ 9.95
$ 9.95
$10.95
$19.95
$31.00
$19.95
$ 7.95
$ 7.95
$13.95
$13.95
$11.95
$ 9.95
$14.95
$ 6.95
$ 5.95
$11.95
Mail to: Rainbow Bookshelf, The Falsoft Building, P.O. Box 385,
Prospect, KY 40059
To order by phone (credit card orders only) call (800) 847-
0309, 8 a.m. to 5 p.m. EST. For other inquiries call (502)
228-4492.
Please note: The tapes and disks offered by The Rainbow Bookshelf are not stand-alone products.
That is, they are intended to be an adjunct and complement to the books. Even if you buy the tape
or disk, you will still need the appropriate book. OS-9® is a registered trademark of the Microware
Systems Corporation.
Prospect, Kentucky
Reporter: Cray Augsburg
CHICAGO
MAY 20-22
©Falsoft Inc.. All Rights Reserved
CoCo's Future Looks Clear and Bright at Chicago RAINBOWfesI
The 15th RAiNBOwfest opened
in Chicago, Illinois on May 20th,
1988. Atiendance was strong
throughout the three-day event.
There were plenty of familiar
faces and quite a few new ones,
too. As people came through the
exhibit hall door, it was clear that
the only subject on everyone's
mind was C0C0.
When not taking advantage of
the seminars or other meetings,
people took time to make new
acquaintances and chat with old
friends. Of course, there were
bargains at every booth (and
many didn't cost a penny — the
information shared at the show
was immense). Any attendee
could have walked away filled
with knowledge about a favorite
machine. This is what the C0C0
Community is all about.
On Saturday, one attendee was
overheard in the exhibit hall
saying, "This is just like going to
DisneyWorld!" And it was. There
were so many choices that it
seemed there wouldn't be enough
time to do everything. With all
the things to do — the seminars,
the C0C0 Cat Sandbox, the
C0C0 Community Breakfast,
voting on the entries to The C0C0
Gallery Live and meeting all the
C0C0 notables — everyone
seemed satisfied at the close of the
show on Sunday afternoon. They
did all that they came to do.
Perhaps you will, too, when the
C0C0 Community joins together
again in Princeton this October.
A crowd of about 10,000 was in attendance at this year's Chicago show.
C0C0 Community Breakfast: Looking Back and Looking Ahead
At the Saturday morning
C0C0 Community Breakfast,
Kip Bryan, Vice President of
General Videotex Corporation
(Delphi), spoke about the growth
of online communication ser-
vices. The address covered where
the telecommunications industry
has been, where it is now and
where it is going. According to
Kip, the current trends include
use of online graphics and inter-
active online games.
In the future, we can expect
9600-baud modems and 56-
Kilobit Integrated Services Dig-
ital Networks (ISDNs). Work has
also begun for "gateway" net-
works through major telephone
companies. These services will
allow consolidated billing and
immediate access to your choice
of online services.
After Kip's keynote address,
Lonnie Falk invited the breakfast
crowd to join in a C0C0 sing-
along. The / was here in. . . song
progressed one year, beginning
with the first RAiNBOwfest in 1982.
The attendees rose in accordance
with the year in which they first
attended a Yest. Of course, when
the sing-along was finished (the
last verse sung was 1989 — we all
hope to be there), all were on their
feet. This certainly was a new and
fun way to bring the breakfast to
a close.
Speech Systems
Opens the Show
A common sight (and sound)
at Chicago shows is Speech Sys-
tems. The Test doesn't seem to get
started until The Star Spangled
Banner has been reproduced by
the various electronic devices
found at this booth. Music mas-
ter Cecil Houk wowed the crowd
with synthesizer antics, while
owner Rich Parry offered sub-
stantial savings across the board
on Speech Systems' products.
September 1 988 THE RAINBOW 41
CoCo Gallery Goes Live!
Logan Ward, who helped organize the first CoCo Gallery Live contest,
found time to cast his vote in the competition.
Immediately following the '87
Princeton show, Logan Ward of
The Computer Center suggested
rainbow sponsor an art contest at
the next 'fest. As the well-received
idea jelled, Logan got down to the
task of helping to organize the
event. In the months prior to the
Delphi Family Reunion
As usual, it was standing room
only at Delphi's booth. Kip
Bryan, Paul Hodosh and John
Gilbert of Delphi were on hand to
answer general questions. In ad-
dition to offering lifetime sub-
scriptions, Delphi sold the new
book by Michael Banks, DEL-
PHI The Official Guide.
Those having questions more
specific to the CoCo SIG talked
to Marty Goodman, Don Hut-
chison and a host of others. Many
people took the opportunity to
place faces and voices with famil-
iar usernames. It is unfortunate
that all 7,000+ CoCo SIG
members weren't there for a
"family portrait."
To promote the family envi-
ronment, Delphi members were
invited to attend "The Delphi
Saturday Night Get Together."
This gave Delphi users the oppor-
Delphi vice president Kip Bryan
delivered the keynote address.
tunity to sit down and really talk
without trying to overcome the
madhouse atmosphere of the
exhibit hall. And the free refresh-
ments were a welcome sight after
a long day.
This was the first show for the
RAiNBOWfest photo buttons.
For just $4, this memento was
a really hot item to have. And
test goers will be able to add
to the collection at future
shows.
show, Logan, along with rainbow
Managing Editor Jutta Kapf-
hammer, spent a great deal of
time planning entry guidelines
and even built the colorful dis-
play used to exhibit the artwork
at the show.
Logan said, "The graphics
creations here are incredible. This
is some of the best CoCo artwork
I have ever seen. And, for a pre-
mier event, the turnout and
crowd acceptance is wonderful."
Logan attributed part of the live
Gallery's success to the crowd
participation. He said, "Since the
winners were picked by the atten-
dees, enjoyment of the contest
wasn't limited to the entrants."
With more than 70 entries at
the Chicago show, CoCo Gallery
Live is considered a real success.
It will be back at future rainbow-
fests, so start exercising your
artistic talents now. For a look at
the winning creations, turn to
Page 26 of this issue.
All's Well
In the
0S-9 Market
Clearbrook Software Group
was on hand taking orders for
products from its line of OS-9
software and utilities. Paul
Kehler of Clearbrook said, "I see
an equilibrium between OS-9 and
Disk basic forming. It appears
that the interest in OS-9 is level-
ing out, and we no longer have
that mad rush to the system.
Those people who are comforta-
ble with OS-9 are staying, and
others are holding their own with
Disk basic." It speaks well for a
market when the consumers are
taking a little more time and
looking at all of their options and
alternatives.
The OS-9 Users Group, with
David Kaleita at the helm, was
selling T-Shirts and group mem-
berships and giving away copies
of the new Multi-Vue enhance-
ment shells, Shell+ and GShelfr,
to UG members.
New Games Were a Big Hit!
Many RAiNBOWfest attendees
enjoyed the chance to try — and
purchase — the games offered by
Diecom Products. While David
Dies (president of Diecom) of-
fered suggestions, several people
played Iron Forest. While this
program was introduced earlier,
the Chicago '88 show was the first
chance most in the CoCo Com-
munity had to see this arcade-
style action game utilizing a light-
phaser gun. For many, it was the
first time they had used any type
of light phaser to interact with a
computer. At the show, Diecom
sold its $28.95 games for $23.95.
RAiNBowfest attendees have
learned to expect the exciting and
unusual from SRB Software,
which introduced more action-
packed CoCo 3 games at this
show. SRB's wares included Mine
Rescue, Bash and Warp Fighter
3-D. Adding to the excitement,
the booth sported a clamp-on
"cockpit" for use against the
many space enemies. And for
extra effect, owner Steve Bjork's
partner, Monique Ellison, spent
most of the weekend wearing a
"tailor-made" Star Trek costume.
As far as SRB's pricing policy is
concerned, during the show,
owner Steve Bjork got bold and
announced: "No reasonable offer
will be refused." And none were.
Steve Bjork of SRB Software drew a crowd of special effects fanatics
with Warp Fighter 3-D, glasses and all.
42 THE RAINBOW September 1988
As usual, Radio Shack drew a large crowd or bargain
hunters to its oversized booth at the Chicago show.
Tom DiMarco of Gimmesoft, left, compares notes
with Marty Goodman.
Peripherals
Golore!
Sales were brisk at The
Computer Center booth as bare
half-height drives went for just
$49. Logan Ward, head techni-
cian for The Computer Center,
sees "an interesting move toward
hard drive systems. As the price
comes down and the end users
increase their knowledge, this
item seems to be a logical and
rapidly approaching step in the
advancement of the CoCo."
Sharing a booth with The
Computer Center was Spectro-
Systems, back with its excellent
Disk basic replacements, ADOS
and ADOS-3 (for the CoCo 3.)
The interest in this system has
risen with the increased interest in
power-usage and double-sided
drives. As a show bonus, multi-
CoCo owners could get both
versions of ADOS for $45.
Bargains abounded at the
South Western Digital booth,
and all sales pointed toward the
future. Kevin Franciotti of South
Western Digital sees a great fu-
ture in the newer drive systems:
"There really is a lot of interest in
the 3'/ 2 -inch, 720K drives." In
addition to disk drives and con-
trollers, a Magnavox 8CM515
monitor, complete with cable,
sold for just $279.
At Computer Plus, a 128K
CoCo 3 could be purchased for
just $129. While the CoCo 3 was
selling strong, many at the show
took the opportunity to upgrade
their systems with peripherals.
For instance, as in past Tests, the
Magnavox 8CM515 sold well.
Other specials from Computer
Plus included bare 512K. upgrade
boards for just $10 and full-
featured printers (Star NX-10
and Citizen 120-D) for $179.
Glenside Lends
a Hand
The Glenside Color Computer
Club was kept busy selling rain-
Bowfest T-shirts at the Chicago
show. (The response for the shirts
was overwhelming.) Glenside
also offered club memberships
and newsletters to the Test atten-
dees. The newsletter contained a
humorous flowchart detailing the
trials and tribulations of late-
night programming as seen by the
club president, Ed Hathaway.
Cer-Comp Introduces
Disk BASIC Windows
Cer-Comp became very active
when the CoCo 3 was introduced
in mid-1986. Since that time it has
provided the CoCo Community
with CBASIC III Editor/ Com-
piler, Hi- Res III Screen Com-
mander, DataPack III Plus and
TextPro IV. Now it's added an
exciting new windowing user
interface under Disk basic to its
product line. This system, Win-
dow Master, is designed to run in
512K (at press time, Cer-Comp
was working on a 128K version)
and at the same time does not
take up any user-available basic
memory. Other features include
Disto introduced two hot new
items at the show: the Super
Controller II, a no-halt disk con-
troller, and the RS-232 Super
Pack, an ACIA-driven serial card
compatible with Radio Shack's
now discontinued Deluxe RS-
232 Pak. The Super Pack sold at
the show for just $35.
In keeping with the expandable
design of the Super Controller,
Tony DiStefano expects to com-
plete a Serial/ Parallel/ Real Time
Clock add-on board (it should be
available by now). By the end of
the year, Tony also hopes to have
available a four-in-one add-on
that includes a hard drive inter-
face. Tony explained, "With the
drastic increase in interest in hard
drive systems, many people have
expressed a desire for such a
device."
The growth of Gimmesoft's
product line seems proof that the
company is doing things right.
Besides having its full line avail-
able at the show, Gimmesoft
displayed its new terminal pro-
gram, V-Term. Written for the
CoCo 3, V-Term rivals VT-52 and
multiple windows, pull-down
menus, buttons, icons and edit
fields. The system adds its own
commands to the CoCo 3 to
allow event processing.
While true multitasking on the
CoCo is accomplished under OS-
9, Window Master offers the
diehard Disk basic user access to
a very user-friendly environment.
We look to the future to deter-
mine the success of a package
such as Window Master. But the
future has been brought to the
present with its introduction. It
will be great to see Window Mas-
ter applications appear on the
CoCo market as programmers
work to tap the power of this new
product. It really is impressive to
see something done that many
have said couldn't be done.
VT-100 terminals and will allow
full use of all memory in a 512K
machine.
At the Public Domain Soft-
ware booth, a disk full of utilities,
applications or entertainment
files went for $5; three disks for
$12 (a 50-percent savings).
T&D Subscription Software
took reduced rate subscription
Brandon Holt and CoCo Cat
reunited one year later.
orders for its growing line of
software. Recent additions in-
clude a gambling package, an
electronics tutorial, game pack-
ages and even a CoCo 3-only
package. To keep the line grow-
ing, owner Tom Dykema is al-
ways ready to hear suggestions.
He said, "The 'fests are the best
source of new ideas around!"
Growing to Meet the CoCo Community's Needs
September 1988 THE RAINBOW 43
A Warm Welcome to New Vendors
Microcom Software took the
opportunity to present Word
Power 3.1 to the Test attendees.
This multi-featured word proces-
sor is designed for the CoCo 3
and sells for $79.95. Microcom
also offered showgoers a 15-
percent saving on all items.
Tom Mix Software sold com-
bined games packages (five
games in each) for just $45.
Breaking with tradition, Mix
now offers the complete VIP line
of CoCo applications software.
Hard Drive Sales
Going Strong
One of the current ground-
breakers in the CoCo hard drive
arena is Burke & Burke of Pala-
tine, Illinois. This "mom and
pop" company has provided the
Community with a well-designed,
inexpensive opportunity to hook
a hard drive to the CoCo. And,
while the system is aimed at the
OS-9 user, the CoCoXT and
CoCoXT-RTC interfaces allow
compatibility with most Disk
basic software through the use of
Hyper-I/ 0.
Chris Burke also showed some
other up-and-coming products:
Wild, a wildcard utility for OS-9,
EZGen, an interactive bootfile
editor, and RSB, a gateway from
Disk basic designed to make life
easier for the novice OS-9 user.
As hard drive systems were a
major aspect of this show, the
people from Arizona Small Com-
puter Peripherals came to deliver.
They offered a complete 20-Meg
A newcomer to RAiNBOwfest,
E.Z. Friendly, had much to offer.
Its variety of software offerings
included Enigma, a cipher pro-
gram for the CoCo, and Leonar-
do 's Pencil, a graphics utility that
converts free-hand drawings into
basic DRRW commands. A new
product, Keyboard Commander,
is a game-based typing tutor in
which you use the keyboard as
your spaceship controls and
shoots down attacking letters and
words. The action and graphics
certainly make you forget that
you are trying to learn something.
Also at its first show, Granite
Computer Systems sold its utili-
ties package, which transfers files
between MS-DOS, OS-9 and
FLEX. Two versions of this pack-
age were available: one for use
with out-of-the-carton OS-9, and
the other designed to work with
Multi- Vue.
If you wanted the perfect gift
for someone who has everything,
your best bet was to stop by the
Specialty Projects booth. Offer-
ings included picture disks from
the Art Deli that contained
hundreds of different PM0DE4
images, disk boxes in bright col-
ors, wooden disk racks, mouse
mats and even cross-stitch pat-
terns.
system (including a Disto inter-
face and OS-9 drivers) for $350
and the bare CM1 6426 20-Meg
drive for only $150. Realizing
most users don't want to be stuck
using just OS-9, owner Jim
Blanden said his company would
be supporting Disk basic "in the
very near future."
Frank Hogg Laboratory pre-
sented its line of high-speed hard
drive systems. Frank Hogg be-
lieves "there is more than just
interest in hard drives . . . people
are buying them up across the
market!" It would seem that the
fear of hard drives is rapidly
diminishing.
Frank also had some great
software deals. The Wiz was only
$50, and DynaStar was going for
just $75. But the big news was
Sculptor, a fourth-generation
database language. FHL gave
away this $450 item for $120.
Howard Medical offered com-
plete hard drive systems for only
$499 at the Chicago Test. And
according to Ross Litton, man-
ager of Howard Medical, now is
the time to buy a hard drive. Ross
explained, "If there is an era for
the hard drive, it has arrived. I see
purchasing a hard drive as a
commitment to the machine."
Lonnie Falk and Computer Vil-
la's Terry Simons.
The hot items at the Second
City Software booth included
Check09 for $19.95 and BSE
{basic Screen Editor) for $15.95.
While Check09 is designed to
directly interface with Multi- Vue,
BSE allows full-screen editing. A
relative newcomer to the CoCo
market, Second City looks good.
We hope to see more in the future.
A strong runner in the no-halt
disk controller market is Per-
formance Peripherals. Its dual-
mode controller features two
switchable ROM sockets (one 24-
pin and one 28-pin) and 8K mem-
ory cache (expandable to 32K.)
Only for about the last year has
no-halt technology been seen in
the CoCo Community. But as
Education was the cat's meow
as the CoCo Cat Sandbox went
off without a hitch for the third
show in a row. Children (of all
ages) were delighted to sit in front
of a CoCo and learn during the
four Sandboxes offered at this
year's Chicago *fest.
While CoCo education was the
main point at the Sandboxes,
emphasis at the Sugar Software
booth was more of a "readin',
'ritin' an' 'rithmetic" nature. Gary
Ed Hathaway, of Second City
Software, makes another sale.
OS-9 gains popularity, the pres-
ervation of the type-ahead buffer
through the use of this technol-
ogy has become much more de-
sirable. In some cases it can even
be considered a necessity. And
Performance Peripherals has pro-
vided an excellent alternative to
CoCo disk users.
Another newcomer in Chicago
was Computer Villa. This com-
pany was offering Home-Pac, a
household software package for
personal bookkeeping. The 80-
column, CoCo 3 package, written
by Computer Villa owner Terry
Simmons, was going at a show
price of $39.95. Other offerings
included a full range of utility
software from Bob Van der Poel.
Davis created an educational
package consisting of Galactic
Hangman, Silly Syntax, Presi-
dents of the United States, The
Great USA and Trig Attack (a
very popular game by itself) that
sold for $29.95. If you were look-
ing for more than educational
products, Sugar Software was
also selling a combination pack-
age for its Calligrapher software
for $69.95.
Veronica Harder and Stephanie, David and Peggy Brach, take
advantage of the Educational Sandbox.
Learning With CoCo
44 THE RAINBOW September 1988
i tur e
16K Disk
the
•a*
l RAINB OW
It's school time— do you know where
your children sit?
A SEAT FOR EVERYONE &
EVERYONE IN HIS SEAT
By Donald A. lurowski
o
When school starts, a certain
series of events necessarily
follow — parents rejoice,
children complain, and teachers make
out seating charts! This is a dreaded yet
important task for most teachers, be-
cause for the next school year, day in
and day out, attendance in various
classes must be taken — knowing where
Johnny is supposed to be sitting cer-
tainly keeps things in order.
But the seating chart you make out
the first day of school will invariably
mutate many times, quickly becoming
a maze of arrows and scratched-out
names. The initial class shuffle of stu-
dents changing their schedules (after
realizing that Algebra I is a lot harder
than 2 + 2, etc.) means that keeping an
Donald Turowski has a bachelor's
degree in education and teaches algebra
and computer literacy in the Burrells
School District in Natrona Heights,
Pennsylvania. He is married and has
two children.
accurate seating chart for yourself or a
substitute is almost an impossible task.
Well, CoCo is coming to the rescue
with Seating Chart, a program that will
generate a printed copy of your seating
chart and much more! All you need is
a ]6K Color Computer with a single
disk drive and a printer. With this
program and your CoCo, you can keep
an up-to-date version of your seating
chart on hand at all times with a min-
imum of effort.
First, of course, type in, save and load
the program. No special commands are
needed. Enter RUN and a title screen
appears, followed by a series of short
instructions describing the program.
The first entry to be made is the
number of rows of seats in the class-
room. Due to printer limitations, a
maximum of five rows are permitted
(lines 150 to 152). Then the number of
seats in each row are entered. For
example, if your classroom has six seats
in each row, but you use only four per
row, you may choose to input 4. A word
of advice: If throughout the year you
usually gain students, input a larger
number of seats per row to allow for
later additions.
The CoCo uses these dimensions to
define an array of names to be stored
on disk for future reference and editing.
Also, this array size is needed to load
previously saved classroom seating
charts for editing.
To generate a chart, you will be asked
to enter the first name of each child and
then his or her last name. For example,
you would enter JOHNNY and then
SMITH. The CoCo would then present
you with your entry and ask if it is OK
to proceed. By answering no (N), you
would be given a chance to correct your
entry as needed. Also, Seating Chart
will print onscreen the location of your
entry as you proceed Row 1, Seat 3,
etc.
If your entry is too long, you are
alerted to re-enter it in a shorter version.
A maximum of 15 characters each for
first and last names are allowed to
achieve the formatted, printed copy.
Once the names are entered, you will
be asked for the class name, such as
Algebra I or English 101, etc. Then, you
September 1988 THE RAINBOW 45
Mr. Casey Stengel
<<BACK OF ROOM>>
Baseball 101
«BACK OF ROOM»
TED
WILLIE
LOU
WILLIAMS
MAYS
GHERIG
ROBERTO
YOGI
PETE
CLEMENTE
BERRA
ROSE
BABE
MICKEY
DON
RUTH
MANTLE
DRYSDALE
Baseball 101
« FRONT OF ROOM»
NUMBER OF STUDENTS - 9
Sample seating chart
are asked for the period number. Fi-
nally, the teacher's name will be needed
to produce these items on the printed
copy.
After these entries have been made,
you are presented with an option to save
this list of names for future reference.
If you answer yes (Y), a filename will be
requested and the list of names will be
saved. You should try to save your
names with the classroom size em-
bedded, e.g., PER2-5X3 (this implies
that the classroom size is five rows with
three seats in each). Remember, this
information will be needed to reload the
file. But if you always teach in the same
room and have saved every class with
the same dimensions, then as long as
you remember your initial dimensions,
this type of filename is unnecessary —
as long as you remember your initial
dimensions.
Now comes the part you've been
waiting for — the hard copy of your
seating chart. The CoCo will internally
check to see if your printer is on and
alert you if it is not. Also, it will prompt
you to line up the blank sheet in the
printer (lines 6000 through 6050).
Sit back and watch. Your seating
chart with all its appropritate titles will
print out on the sheet, and the program
will give you the option of printing out
another copy for your records. If no
other copies are required, an option to
rerun the program is then offered.
Seating Chart is a handy utility that
will be used many times during the
school year. An editing routine is pro-
vided that eliminates the need for retyp-
ing all the names over again whenever
an insertion or deletion is required.
(Questions or comments about this
program may be directed to the author
at 1236 Ninth Ave., Natrona Heights,
PA 15065. Please enclose an SASE
when requesting a reply.) □
141 153
152 192
210 81
275 185
370 127
2060 4
3100 53
4010 56
END ....235-
$ ( 12 8 ) + 11 s « +CHR$ (12 8)+ » 1 amende la 11
The listing: SERTCHRT
20 '* SEATING *
30 ■* CHART *
40 ! * GENERATOR *
50 ■* BY *
60 '*D.A.TUROWSKI*
70 •* NOV. 1987 *
3p i**************
90 CLEAR 5000
95 NS=0
100 CLS(RND(8) ) :PRINT@32*8+4,"se
ating"+CHR$ (128) +"chart"+CHR$ (12
8 ) + f 'generator" ;
110 PRINT@32*9+14,"by";
120 PRINT@32*10+9, "d"+CHR$ ( 128 ) +
"a"+CHR$ (128)+"turowski" ;
121 PRINT@32*13+10, lf disk ,f +CHR$ (1
28) +"version" ;
125 PRINT@32*15+2 , "suggestions"*
CHR$ ( 12 8 ) +"by "+CHR$ (12 8) +"r"+CHR
130 SCREEN 0,1: FOR YY=1 TO 2500:
NEXT YY
140 FOR XX=32*16-1 TO 0 STEP -1:
PRINT@XX, CHR$ (150) ; :NEXT XX:CLS
141 PRINT"THIS PROGRAM WILL GENE
RATE A SEATING CHART FOR YOUR
CLASS. IN ORDER TO BEGIN THIS
PROGRAM, YOU MUST ENTER THE NUM
BER OF ROWS OF SEATS AND THE
NUMBER OF SEATS IN EACH ROW IN Y
OUR CLASS. ": PRINT "PRESS ANY KEY
TO CONTINUE. . .":EXEC44539
142 PRINTSTRING$ (32,128) :CLS:PRI
NT "IF POSSIBLE, TRY TO INCORPORA
TE THIS SIZE INTO THE NAME YOU G
IVETO THIS LIST WHEN ASKED IN TH
E PROGRAM, SUCH AS l PER2-5X6 l T
O DESIGNATE 5 ROWS WITH 6 SEATS
143 PRINTSTRING$(3 2,12 8) :PRINT"T
HIS UTILITY ALSO HAS AN EDITINGF
EATURE TO ALLOW CHANGES OR D
ELETIONS 1 " : PRINT@3 2*14 , "PRESS AN
Y KEY TO CONTINUE. . . ":EXEC44539
150 CLS (RND (8) ): PRINT "ENTER THE
NUMBER OF ROWS OF SEATS IN T
HE CLASSROOM (MAXIMUM IS 5)":INP
UT R:GOSUB 4000
151 IF R>5 THEN PRINT" SORRY, YOU
MUST ENTER A NUMBER LESS THAN
OR EQUAL TO 5 FOR THE SEATING CH
46 THE RAINBOW September 1988
ART TO FIT ON THE PRINTER! 11 :
FOR YY=1 TO 3 5j3j3:NEXT YY : GOTO 15
0
152 IF R<1 THEN PRINT "SORRY, INV
ALID NUMBER OF ROWS . TRY AGAIN!
!!":FOR YY=1 TO 3pj30:NEXT YYrGOT
0 150
lSja PRINT: PRINT "ENTER THE NUMBER
OF SEATS (MAXIMUM) IN EAC
H ROW";: INPUT S : PRINTSTRING$ (32,
165 IF R=3 THEN V=16 ELSE V=0
170 DIM LN$(R,S) ,F$(R,S)
171 CLS(RND(8) ) :INPUT"DO YOU HAV
E THIS SEATING CHART PREVIOUSLY
SAVED ON DISK" ;R$ : IF LEFT$(R$,1
)="Y" THEN 3000
175 CLS(RND(8) ) : PRINTSTRING$ (32 ,
128) ;
180 PRINT"YOU WILL NOW BE ASKED
TO ENTER THE NAMES OF THE STUDE
NTS IN YOUR CLASS BY ENTERING
THEIR FIRST NAME AND THEN TH
EIR LAST NAME."
181 PRINTSTRING$ (32,128) ; :FOR YY
=1 TO 2500: NEXT YY
190 PRINT"note — >FOR THIS PROGRA
M, ROW 1, SEAT 1 REFERS TO THE F
ARTHEST ROW ON YOUR LEFT AS YO
U STAND IN FRONT OF YOUR CLASS
AND OF COURSE THE FIRST SEAT
IN THAT ROW."
195 PRINTSTRING$(3 2,128) ; : FOR YY
=1 TO 3000: NEXT YY
200 FOR XX=1 TO 1000: NEXT XX:PRI
NT@32*14 , "PRESS ANY KEY TO CONTI
NUE ":EXEC44539
210 CLS(RND(8) )
220 FOR X=l TO R
230 FOR Y=l TO S
240 PRINT "ENTER first name FOR:"
: PRINT" ROW "jX;", SEAT" ;Y: INPUT
F$(X / Y):IF LEN(F$(X,Y) ) >15 THEN
PRINT "NAME TOO LONG! PLEASE RE
-ENTER!": GOTO 240
250 PRINT "ENTER last name FOR:"
: PRINT" ROW w ;X; lf , SEAT" ;Y: INPUT
LN$(X / Y):IF LEN (LN$ (X, Y) ) >15 TH
EN PRINT "NAME TOO LONG!! PLEASE
RE-ENTER! ": GOTO 250
251 PRINTF$(X,Y) ;" " ;LN$ (X, Y) :PR
INT"correct (y/n) ": INPUT R$:IF F
$(X / Y)<>"" THEN NS=NS+1
252 IF LEFT$(R$ / 1)="Y" THEN 255
ELSE 240
255 PRINTSTRING$(32 / "=")
260 NEXT Y
270 NEXT X
271 CLS(RND(8) ) :PRINT STRING$(32
275 PRINTSTRING$(32,128) :PRINT"P
LEASE ENTER CLASS NAME AT THIS T
IME (MATH, ENGLISH, ETC.)":LINE
INPUT CL$
276 PRINT "NOW ENTER THE PERIOD N
UMBER": INPUT P$
277 PRINT "NOW ENTER THE TEACHER ■
S NAME": INPUT T$
280 PRINTSTRING$ (32,128) ;:PRINT"
DATA ENTRY COMPLETED !!": PRINT "DO
YOU WANT TO SAVE OR RE
-SAVE THIS LIST OF NAMES?": LINE
INPUT R$:IF LEFT$(R$,1)="Y" THEN
2000
281 GOSUB 6010:CLS(RND(8) ) :PRINT
@32*8,STRING$ (32,128) ; :PRINT@32*
8+6, "print ing"+CHR$( 128) +"in"+CH
R$ (128) +"progress" ;
284 Z=LEN(CL$) :TP=(80-Z)/2
285 PRINT#-2,T$, ,,, "PERIOD ";P$:
PRINT#-2,TAB(TP) ;CL$:
286 PRINT#-2:PRINT#-2:PRINT#-2,T
AB(2);"«BACK OF ROOM»" ;TAB(63)
;"«BACK OF ROOM»"
287 PRINT#-2,TAB(V) ;STRING$ (LL, "
-")
288 PRINT#-2
290 FOR Y=S TO 1 STEP -1
300 FOR X=l TO R
NEW FROM RTB SOFTWARE
Graphic Adventure Games
Adventure Trilogy But Each Is j^^.
A Stand Alone Game trr\\
LABYRINTH
Can you escape and save your kingdom?
RAINBOW
QUEST
FOR THE RING
Wander your vast kingdom in search of the Wizards Ring
RAINBOW
| til it, ( »1ION
St »t
But beware!
ADVENTURE IN^
LUMERIA
RAINBOW
St*.
After resting from the last 2 adventures you go on the last
and final quest to save a beautiful princess from an evil
count in the far off land of Lumeria.
All games may be backed up and use simple keystroke
commands. All for 64K ECB Disk COCO 1 or 2.
LABYRINTH $24.95 1 Disk
Quest for the Ring ~$4&05. Now $34.95 2 Disk Set
Adventure in Lumeria *$48t95l Now $36.95 2 Disk Set
or get all 3 games for $74.95 Add $3.00 for S&H
Send check or Money Order to:
RTB Software
P.O. Box 777
W.Acton, MA 01 720-0011
Phone # (508) 263-0563
All programs are guaranteed
to load and run
September 1988 THE RAINBOW 47
31j3 PRINT#-2,TAB(V) ;F$(X,Y) ,
32,0 NEXT X
325 PRINT#-2
340 FOR X-l TO R
350 PRINT* -2, TAB (V) ;LN$(X,Y) ,
360 NEXT X
370 PRINT#-2:PRINT#-2:PRINT#-2,T
AB(V) ; STRING $ (LL, '•-") :PRINT#-2
380 NEXT Y
381 PRINT#-2,TAB(32) ;"«FRONT OF
ROOM»" : PRINT #-2 : PRINT#-2 : PRINT
# -2 , CL$ ; TAB ( 40 ) ; "NUMBER OF STUDE
NTS =";NS
384 PRINT@32*8,STRING$(32,128) ; :
PRINT§32*8+7 , ,, printing"+CHR$ (128
)+" completed" ;
385 PRINT§32*13, "DO YOU WANT ANO
THER COPY (Y/N) " ; : INPUT R$ : IF LE
FT$(R$,1)="Y" THEN 281
386 PRINT@32*13 , "DO YOU WANT TO
RE-RUN THIS PROGRAM" ; : INPUT
R$:IF LEFT$(R$,1)="Y" THEN RUN
ELSE END
390 END
2000 REM ROUTINE TO SAVE LIST OF
NAMES FOR SEATING CHART
2005 PRINT STRING$(32,"=")
2010 INPUT "ENTER A NAME FOR THIS
LIST. THE NAME MUST HAVE 8
OR LESS LETTERS! " ;N$
2020 IF LEN(N$)>8 THEN PRINT "IN
VALID FILENAME- TRY AGAIN!": GOTO
2010
2030 OPEN "0",#1,N$
2040 FOR X=l TO R
2050 FOR Y=l TO S
2060 WRITE#1 , F$ (X, Y) ,LN$(X,Y)
2070 NEXT Y
2080 NEXT X
2085 CLOSE #1
2090 PRINTN$ ; " IS SAVED TO DISK!
!":SOUND 200, 2: FOR XX=1 TO 1500:
NEXT XX:FL=l:GOTO 3015
3000 REM ROUTINE TO LOAD PREVIOU
S FILE NAMES
3010 PRINTSTRING$ (32, "-") : INPUT"
ENTER THE NAME OF THE
LIST";N$
3011 IF LEN(N$)>8 THEN PRINT"INV
ALID FILENAME, PLEASE RE-
ENTER! !":GOTO 3010
3015 PRINTSTRING$ (32, "-") :NS=0
3020 OPEN "I",#1,N$
3030 FOR X=l TO R
3040 FOR Y=l TO S
3050 INPUT#1, F$(X,Y) ,LN$(X,Y)
3055 IF FL=1 THEN 3065
3060 PRINT F$(X,Y);" ";LN$(X,Y)
I
I
!
1
1
i
a
k
P
I
^fEjfjUrjJrzJ'jJ'jIijiJrjJijlrzIrz,
©!la(nlijpa^© ra by Vldicom Corp
© m - a ramdisk
that doesn't forget) Fullrj
Static, batterg backed CITlos
ram makes SoIidDrive™
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can forget fear of power
failures. The instant power
loss occurs, itBBfiSM^s* 1
write-protects itself and
your valuable work.
UH
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1
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Two years limited repair or
replacement! I@flfidll?flsy©"
is compatible with multi-
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and 1 megabyte versions. Factory upgrades available for 512Kf
version. RSDos Driver now available, treats isBfifflsws™ as 3 or 6
SSSD RS devices (-5-6,-3-9). Disk
loaded version free on request!
27C64 EProm version $19.00
Ma^M^s™ is the fastest , most
reliable long-term storage available
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mesa, HZ 85201 (602) 827-0107
iHours ITl-F 9:00 am - 5:00 pm IIIST
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512K (524,288 bytes) $395.00
1 meg (1,048.576 bytes) $595.00
Please add $4.00 shipping
Arizona Besidients add 5.5% Sales tan
Visa masterCard orders welcome
OS9 is the trademark of Microware
Systems Inc and Motorola Inc.
Multl-pak is the trademark of
Tandy Corp.
7^777
RAINBOW
CfftTiricanoN
•ML
(Reviewed in Oct. 87 RAINBOW) Makes programming sensa-
tional-looking graphics as easy as moving a joystick! Converts
precision drawings into "DRAW* commands which can be stand-
alone BASIC programs or merged into other programs. Also
includes "DEMO" and "PAINT" programs. Requires a spring-
centered joystick or touch-pad. 32k ECB tape or disk $14.95
? ENKzMA?
Transform your computer into an ultra-secret code machine cap-
able of enciphering and deciphering In over 12 million virtually
unbreakable codes! (not simple substitution codes). Print hard
copy or store & retrieve coded data on tape or disk. Only the per-
son who has the password can read it! 32k ECB tape or disk $12.95
New! S^m^
Just answer the prompts & type your message; "EZ WRITER" will
put it into perfect letter form and send it to your DMP or DWP.
Professional-quality, 1 to 4 page letters every time! Do one letter
or multiple copies for "personalized" mailings. Saves letters and
mailing lists. Even does labels. Menu-driven. Undoubtedly the
EZ-est letter writing system available! Free sample on request!
32k ECB tape or disk $19.95 klsAkl I
PTxPrSnP the EZ Screen dump jjfiSU
Print detailed pictures (large or small size) of your PMODE4
graphics. The "EZ Screen Dump" works with all major dot matrix
printers and is fast and simple to use. See for yourself— send for
free examples of what it can do! 32k ECB tape or disk only $14.95
This fascinating educational program features 2 of the cutest
dancing teddy bears you've ever seen! Child uses joystick,
mouse, or arrow keys to point to bear who holds the correct
answer. Teacher or parent can SAVE many different kinds of short
quizzes to us e with this program. 32k ECB tape or disk $19.95
WBumam e.z. friendly software hhbh
118 CORLIES AVE. • POUGHKEEPSIE, NY 12601 • (914) 485-8150
(Add $1.50 s/h to all orders. NY residents add state sales tax.)
48 THE RAINBOW September 1 988
3J365 IF F$(X,Y)<>"" THEN NS=NS+1
3J37J3 NEXT Y
NEXT X
3J39J3 CLOSE #1
3J391 IF FL=1 THEN 281
3)395 PRINTSTRING$ (32 , "-")
31J3J3 REM EDITING ROUTINE
311J3 INPUT "DO YOU WANT TO CHANGE
ANY OF THESE SEATS AT THIS T
IME" ;R$ : IF LEFT$ (R$, 1) =»Y" THEN
312J3 ELSE 275
312j3 PRINT "PLEASE ENTER THE LOCA
TION OF THESTUDENT 1 S SEAT THAT Y
OU WANT TO CHANGE" : INPUT 11 ROW #";
X: INPUT "SEAT #";Y
313) 3 PRINT "THE STUDENT IS:":PRI
NTF$(X / Y);" ";LN$(X,Y) : INPUT "IS
THIS CORRECT" ;R$: IF LEFT$(R$,1)
="Y" THEN 314J3 ELSE 312)3
314) 3 PRINT: PRINT "ENTER THE first
NAME OF THE STUDENT WHO WIL
L now BE SITTING IN THIS
SEAT instead of ";F$(X,Y);" ";L
N$ (X, Y)
315) 3 INPUT F$(X,Y)
316) 3 PRINT"NOW ENTER THEIR last
NAME": INPUT LN$(X,Y)
317) 3 PRINT " S TUDENT IS REPLACED B
Y:":PRINTF$(X,Y) ; M ";LN$(X,Y)
318)3 PRINT "ANY MORE CHANGES (Y/N
)":INPUT R$:IF LEFT$(R$,1)="Y" T
HEN 312)3ELSE 275
4)3)3)3 REM ROUTINE TO SET PRINTED
LINE WIDTH
4)31)3 IF R=5 THEN LL=8j3
4)32)3 IF R=4 THEN LL=64
4)33)3 IF R=3 THEN LL=4 8
4)34)3 IF R=2 THEN LL=32
4)35)3 IF R=l THEN LL=16
4)36)3 RETURN
6)3)3)3 REM ROUTINE TO CHECK FOR PR
INTER READINESS
6)31)3 CLS:PRINT§32*3, "1)TURN ON P
RINTER" : SOUND 2)3)3 , 3 : FORXX=lTO 1)3)3
)3:NEXT XX:IF PEEK ( 65314) /2<>INT (
PEEK (653 14 )/2) THEN PRINT@32*11+
6, "printer is not on line!!!": PR
INT@32*12, "turn printer on at th
is time! ! !": FORXX^ITO 1)3)3)3 : NEXT X
X:G0TO6)31#
6)32)3 CLS:PRINT@32*5, "2) LINE UP S
HEET IN PRINTER WITH PRINT HEAD
AT THIS TIME": SOUND 23)3,2
6)33)3 PRINT(§3 2*1)3, " PRESS ANY K
EY TO CONTINUE" :EXEC4 4539
6)34)3 PLAY"03;V31;L1^;A;V16;A;V8;
A;V3;A;V1;L2£;A"
6)35)3 RETURN /S\
SPbCIAL bYLMT?
COCO GALLERY LIVE
SHOWCASE YOUR BEST AT RAINBOWFEST
We are taking the popular "CoCo Gallery" on the road to RAINBOWfest Princeton — and we'd like you 1
submit your own graphics creations to be exhibited at the show!
RVLbt
• You can enter color or black-and-white photographs or printouts of your original artwork produced on
the CoCo 1, 2 or 3. Entries must be framed, mounted or matted, and may not be smaller than 5-by-7 inches
or larger than 11-by-14 inches.
• Don't send us anything owned by someone else; this means no game screens, digitized images from TV
programs or material that's already been submitted elsewhere. A digitized copy of a picture that appears
in a book or magazine is not an original work.
• Along with your entry, send a cover letter with your name, address and phone number, detailing how you
created your picture (what programs you used, etc.). Please include a few facts about yourself, too!
• Your name, address and phone number, along with the title of your work, must be clearly marked on the
back of each entry, and a disk copy of each piece must also be included.
• Entries must be mailed to THE RAINBOW before October 10, 1988, or brought to the RAINBOWfest
registration booth by 10 a.m., Saturday, October 22.
• All entries to CoCo Gallery Live become the property of Falsoft, Inc.
There will be two categories: one for graphics produced on the CoCo 1 and 2, and one for CoCo 3 graphics.
Several awards will be made in each category. Winners will be determined by votes from RAINBOWfest
attendees. In case of any ties, winners will be determined by our chief judge, CoCo Cat.
Prizes and ribbons will be presented Sunday, October 23, 1988, and winning entries will be published in
the January '89 issue of the rainbow. Send your entry to "CoCo Gallery Live," the rainbow, 9509 U.S. Highway
42, Prospect, KY 40059.
September 1988 THE RAINBOW 49
PRINCETO
O
AINBOWfest is the only computer show dedicated
exclusively to your Tandy Color Computer.
Nowhere else will you see as many CoCo-related
products or be able to attend free seminars conducted
by the top Color Computer experts. It's like receiving the
latest issue of the rainbow in your mailbox!
RAINBOWfest is a great opportunity for commercial
programmers to show off new and innovative products
for the first time. Princeton is the show to get information
on capabilities for the new CoCo 3, along with a terrific
selection of the latest CoCo 3 software. In exhibit after
exhibit, there will be demonstrations, opportunities to
experiment with software and hardware, and special
RAINBOWfest prices.
Set your own pace between visiting exhibits and
attending the valuable, free seminars on all aspects of
your CoCo — from improving basic skills to working with
the sophisticated OS-9 operating system.
Many people who write for the rainbow — as
well as those who are written about — are there
to meet you and answer questions. You'll also
meet lots of other people who share your interest
in the Color Computer. It's a person-to-person
event and a tremendous learning experience in
a fun and relaxed atmosphere.
A special feature of RAINBOWfest is the
Educational Sandbox, which features
child-oriented workshops to give hands-
on experience to an age group often
5>N. \ neglected. There are sessions for the
kindergarten through third-grad-
ers, and for fourth- through sev-
$6
enth-graders. And, as an additional treat for CoCo Kids of
all ages, we've invited frisky feline CoCo Cat to join us for
the show. RAINBOWfest has something for everyone in the
family!
If you missed the fun at our last RAINBOWfest in Chicago,
why don't you make plans now to join us in Prince-
ton? For members of the family who don't share your
affinity for CoCo, there are many other attractions in
the Princeton area.
The Hyatt Regency Princeton offers special rates for
RAINBOWfest. The show opens Friday evening with a
session from 7 p.m. to 10 p.m. It's a daytime show
Saturday — the CoCo Community Breakfast (separate
tickets required) is at 8 a.m., then the exhibit hall opens
promptly at 10 a.m. and runs until 6 p.m. On Sunday,
the exhibit hall opens at 11 a.m. and closes at 3 p.m.
Tickets for RAINBOWfest may be obtained directly
from the rainbow. We'll also send you a reserva-
tion form so you can get a special room rate.
The POSH way to go. You can have your travel
arrangements and hotel reservations handled
through rainbow affiliate, POSH Travel Assist-
ance, Inc., of Louisville. For the same POSH
treatment many of our exhibitors enjoy, call POSH at
(502) 893-3311. All POSH services are available at no
charge to RAINBOWfest attendees.
3b THbRfa?
If
9
^
IE
, Mips
5
. » • • » * » r-<
^» » » -
Cray Augsburg
RAINBOW Technical Editor
OS-9 For Absolute Beginners
Bruce K. Bell, O.D.
Two-time Grand Prize Winner of
RAINBOW'S Adventure Contest
Writing Adventure Games
Steve Bjork
SRB Software
Writing Game Software
Chris Burke
Burke & Burke
Hard Drive Systems
Ben Burnette
Wayne Smith
CY-BURNET-ICS
CoCo as an Educational Tool
Nancy Ewart
Independent Programmer
Starting with C
Marty Goodman, M.D.
RAINBOW Contributing Editor
Two CoCo Consultations Live
Paul Hodash
Delphi-Information Product Supervisor
Telecommunications
Cecil Houk
Speech Systems
Music and MIDI
Jutta Kapfhammer
RAINBOW Managing Editor
Writing for Publication
Dale Puckett
RAINBOW Contributing Editor
Overview of OS-9
Overview of BASIC09
Ed Samuels
New York Law School
Copyright Laws
Logan Ward.
Computer Center
Creative Uses for CoCo Max
mm
j
I
ۥۥ COMMUNITY MbAKFAS T
Dick White — RAINBOW Contributing Editor
Our keynote speaker for the traditional CoCo Community Breakfast is Dick
White, contributing editor for the rainbow. Mr. White, who has a long back-
ground with microcomputers, will discuss his personal experiences in the early
years as he traces the development of the Color Computer since its introduc-
tion in 1980.
SPbCIAL faVbNT?
We're pleased to present The Educational Sandbox, a joint Tandy/RMNBOW
effort. This is a computer workshop for RAINBOWfest kids. There will be
two sessions on both Saturday and Sunday. One workshop will be for the
kindergarten through third-grade set, and the other for fourth- through
seventh-graders. Each workshop will last between 45 minutes and one
hour, and will give the children and their parents hands-on experience in
using Tandy computers and software.
RAINBOWfest - Princeton, New Jersey
Dates: October 21-23, 1988
Hotel: Hyatt Regency Princeton
Rooms: $88 per night,
single or double
Advance Ticket Deadline: Oct. 7, 1988
RAINBOWfest - Chicago, Illinois
Dates: April 14-16, 1989
Hotel: Hyatt Regency Woodfield
Rooms: $66 per night,
single or double
Advance Ticket Deadline: March 31,
1989
FREE T-Shirt to first five ticket orders re-
ceived from each state.
First 500 ticket orders received get The
Rainbow Book of Simulations.
YES, I'm coming to Princeton! I want to save by buying tickets now at the special
advance sale price. Breakfast tickets require advance reservations.
Please send me:
Three-day ticket(s) at $9 each total
One-day ticket(s) at $7 each total
Name
(please print)
Address
Circle one: Friday Saturday Sunday
Saturday CoCo Breakfast
at $12 each
RAINBOWfest T-shirt(s)
at $6 each
Specify size:
S M L .
City
State
total
total
Telephone
Company _
ZIP
XL
(T-shirts must be picked up at the door)
Handling Charge $1
TOTAL ENCLOSED
□ Payment Enclosed, or Charge to:
□ VISA □ MasterCard □ American Express
(U.S. Currency Only, Please)
□ Also send me a hotel reservation card for the
Hyatt Regency Princeton ($88, single or
double room).
Account Number
Exp. Date
Signature
Advance ticket deadline: October 7, 1988. Orders received less than two weeks prior to show opening will be held for you at
the door. Tickets will also be available at the door at a slightly higher price. Tickets will be mailed six weeks prior to show.
Children 4 and under, free; over 4, full price.
Make checks payable to: The RAINBOW. Mail to: RAINBOWfest, The Falsoft Building, 9509 U.S. Highway 42, P.O.
Box 385, Prospect, KY 40059. To make reservations by phone, in Kentucky call (502) 228-4492, or outside Kentucky
call (800) 847-0309.
I
Still pounding away at that keyboard?
SAVE up to 19%"
when you buy a joint sub-
scription to the magazine and
either rainbow on tape or
rainbow on disk! A one-year
subscription to the rainbow
and rainbow on tape is only
$91 in the U.S., $108 in Can-
ada, $153 foreign surface rate
and $188 foreign airmail. A
one-year subscription to THE
rainbow and rainbow on
DISK is only $115 in the U.S.,
$138 in Canada, $183 foreign
surface rate and $218 foreign
airmail.*
Every month, these convenient
services bring you as many as 24
ready-to-run programs. Using the
current issue of the rainbow as
documentation, all you have to do is
load and run them. A one-year com-
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bow and rainbow on tape or rain-
bow on disk give you more than 230
new programs! The typing time you
save can be spent enjoying your
CoCo!
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Reward your students with an arcade game each time
they correctly answer one of these problems
Long Division Drill
By Richard D. Gordfey
Figure 1
C, omputer drill as an educational
tool has received a bad reputa-
tion as an "animated work-
book." Such criticism is frequently
warranted, especially when, as in work-
books, the student receives feedback
only when the exercise is finished. At
the Chillicothe Alternative School, our
experience with teaching elementary
mathematics had proved that com-
puter-monitored drill can be very useful
in the learning of new concepts of
calculation if every step of the process
is prompted, monitored and evaluated.
Long Division demonstrates these
concepts along with several program-
ming techniques of manipulating fig-
ures and prompts on the text screen.
Type in or load the program and run.
After the title screen the program tells
the student to follow the screen instruc-
tions exactly. This prompt has proved
necessary because young students tend
to react to a CRT by staring passively
or asking an adult, "What do I do now?"
Richard Gordley and his wife, Nancy,
operate the Chillicothe Alternative
School in Chillicothe, Hi Richard has
a degree in Music Education, and his
hobbies include leather craft, computing
and wind instrument repair.
60
95
100-191
240-3 10
Functioi
480-530
560-570
720-730
Strings of CHR$( 143 ) are
set up to erase small
screen areas.
Selects length of division.
Puts problem on screen.
Select location for first
digit of quotient and eval-
uate. Lines 140 through
150 move the question
mark.
Multiplication subrou-
tine in separata wpi:|c
area.
Sets up subtraction prob-
lem. •'" "•'
Checks to see if trial qufe
tient was too large.
Subtraction routine.
Flash arrow to show stu-
dent what part of prob-
lem is being worked on.
Is the problem done?
STEP 2
MULT I PLYBBrtCK
-246
*6
MULTI PLY
AND
YOUR ANSWER .
Function
Subroutines
1000 Press any key to
tinue,
1050 Gets divisor and dividend
and correct location of
first digit of quotient.
1 150 Erases prompt area.
1200 Erases bottom of screen.
1210 Erases work area.
1220 Trial quotient too large?
1 250 Subtraction error.
1300 Remainder larger than
.divisor;
Brings down next digit of
dividend.
Prompts and gets answer
for multiplication.
1460 Prompts to subtract.
1500 Gets value of current
quotient
1550 Prompts for remainder of
the subtraction step.
1570 Gets length of answer to
the previous subtraction
step.
1580 Calculates location of
subtraction answer.
1 999 Remnant of defunct error
trap
2000 Division done f
down remainder t|v
tune — pink screen.
2050 Do another?
September 1988 THE RAINBOW
They seem to need a brief reminder to
read the instructions on the screen.
The user next selects the number of
digits to be in the divisor. The drill then
begins with every step prompted. Flash-
ing prompts, questions marks and
arrows show the student exactly what
stage of the problem he or she is work-
ing on. Separate work areas are pro-
vided on the screen for the main prob-
lem and for subordinate problem steps.
Each step of the long division process
is evaluated as it is done, and a specific
message helps correct any errors. Any
step done incorrectly is immediately
corrected by the student, so that the
final result is always a correctly com-
pleted problem. In one special case —
that of selecting a trial quotient — an
error is allowed to ride until subsequent
multiplication is done, so that the
student may see the consequence of an
erroneous choice.
Program Outline
The location of some of the more
interesting routines are indicated in
Figure 1. It was quite difficult to enable
the program to properly locate the
digits of each problem step and evaluate
the intermediate answers as well as
locate the proper digits on the screen.
No wonder long division is tough —
there's a lot going on!
Program Enhancements
It takes a long time to do a long
division problem this way, but you
always get the right answer. As a reward
for their perseverance, our students get
to play a bit of an arcade-style game
after each completed problem. A GDSUB
at Line 2045 sends the student to this
game, which begins at Line 3000. Any
short favorite game could be included
here.
The correct answer prompts could be
more imaginative and encouraging, but
they can't be selected from a random
string bank because of the necessity of
flashing the message. Certainly I would
like more variety in the little tune played
when a step is completed correctly, but
the students don't seem to mind.
Some teachers may feel the need to
keep a record of the problems each
student completes although we just tell
our students how many digits to use in
the divisor and how many problems to
complete. However, information of this
kind could be easily sent to a printer.
It should be noted that Long Division
contains a multiplication and subtrac-
tion routine that could be enhanced and
made to stand alone.
(Questions or comments concerning
this program may be directed to the
author at P. O. Box 28, Castleton t IL
61426 Please enclosed an SASE when
requesting a reply,) □
r
100
19
840
157
180
* . 31
1050
50
280
• 238
1220
. . . * > 239
430 ...
...150
1360
.......2
550
209
1580
.♦.v,104
690 . .
27
END
»>*•« 1 70
The listing: DIVISION
1 1 LONG DIVISION DRILL
M- t 1 COPYRIGHT RICHARD D. GORDLEY
3 'BOX 28, CASTLETON, IL 6142 6
4 1 SEPT. 24, 1985
10 CLS0 : PRINT@96 , "chillicothe" ; :
PRINTO108 , "alternative" ; :PRINT@1
20, "school" ; :PRINT@172 , "presents
" ; : PRINT@235 , "dynamic" ;
14 CLEAR500
20 PRINT§301, "daily" ; :PRINT@3 67,
"drills" ; : PRINT@425 , "long" ; : PRIN
T@430 , "division" ;
25 XX=RND ( -TIMER )
30 FORX=1TO2500:NEXT
40 CLS:PRINT"PLEASE FOLLOW INSTR
UCTIONS ON THE SCREEN exactly
TO ENJOY THIS DRILL I " : GOSUB1
000
50 CLS:PRINT»HOW MANY DIGITS DO
YOU WISH IN THE DIVISOR? <l-3>
ii
51 QL=37:RT$="V1503L4T5G04CEL2GL
4EL2G":NU$=*STRING$(14,143) :NL$=S
TRING$(31,143)
52 WR$=*"V3101T255CDCDCDCDCDCDCDC
DCDCDCDCDCD" : WR$=WR$+WR$+WR$+WR$
60 A$=INKEY$ : IFA$=" "THEN60
70 IFA$<"1" ORA$>"3" THEN50
80 GOSUB1050
95 CLS:PRINT@70,STRING$(LEN(DI$)
,45) ; :PRINT@100-LEN(D$) , D ; : PRINT
§101 , "/" ; : PRINT@102 , DI$ ;
100 PRINT@37,"? ";
101 QL=37
105 PRINT @ 16, "STEP 1" ; : PRINT© 4 8 ,
"divide";
110 PRINT @ 3 0 6 , "WHERE WILL" ;: PRIN
T@ 3 3 8, "FIRST DIGIT"; :PRINT@370,"
OF QUOTIENT " ; : PRINT @ 402 , "GO? " ;
120 PRINT@448, "USE ARROW KEYS TO
MOVE THE 1 ?'"; ;PRINT@480, "PRESS
<enter> WHEN DONE.";
121 FORX=1TO200:NEXT:PRINT@476,C
HR$(143) ; :FORX=1TO200:NEXT
12 2 A$=INKEY$ : IFA$=" "THEN120
130 PRINT@476, "?"
140 IFA$=CHR$(8) THENQL=QL-1 : PRI
NT@QL, "? "; :GOT0122
150 IFA$=CHR$ (9 ) THENPRINT@QL, »
?" ; : QL=QL+1 : GOT0122
160 IFA$OCHR$(13)THEN120
170 IFQL<PL THENPLAYWR$:GOSUB115
0 : PRINT@306 , "DIGIT TOO" ; :PRINT@3
38, "FAR left! "; : PRINT @ 370 , "TRY A
GAIN. " ; :GOSUB1000:GOSUB1150:GOTO
100
180 IFQL>PL THENPLAYWR$:GOSUB115
0 :PRINT@306 , "DIGIT TOO"; :PRINT@3
38, "FAR right! " ; :PRINT@370, "TRY
AGAIN. "; :GOSUB1000:GOSUB1150:GOT
0100
190 PLAYRT$
191 GOSUB1150 : FORX=1T03 : PRINT@30
6 , "VERY GOOD ! " ; : FORY J =1TO200 :NEXT
: PRINT@306 , "very good" ; : FORY=lTO
54 THE RAINBOW September 1 988
2j3j3: NEXT: NEXT
200 GOSUB1150:GOSUB1000:GOSUB115
0
210 PRINT@QL,CHR$(191) ; : PRINT© 30
6, "NOW press" ;: PRINT© 3 3 8," A NUMB
ER TO" ; :PRINT@370, "USE AS FIRST"
;: PRINT @ 40 2, "DIGIT OF"; :PRINT@43
4 > "QUOTIENT. " ;
215 A$=""
220 A$=INKEY$:IFA$="" THEN220
230 A=VAL(A$) :IFA<1 ORA>9 THEN 2 2
0
232 PRINT@QL,A$:SOUND100,3
234 ML=153:GOSUB240:GOTO350
240 PRINT@21,"2"; :PRINT@48, "mult
iply back"; :GOSUB1150
250 PRINT@ML-LEN(D$) ,D;:PRINT@ML
+30, "X"; A; :PRINT@ML+65-LEN(D$) , S
TRING$ (LEN(D$) ,45) ; : PRINT©ML+93 ,
it
ii
2 60 GOSUB1450
270 GOSUB1150
275 MA$=STR$ (MA)
280 PRINT@ML+97-LEN(MA$) ,MA;
290 PR=A*D:IFMA<>PR THENPLAYWR$ :
F0RX=1T03 : PRINTS 30 6 , "MULTIPLICAT
ION" ; :PRINT§338 , " ERROR 1 " ; : FORY— 1
T03 00 : NEXT : PRINT@30 6 , "multipl ica
tion" ; : PRINT© 3 3 8 , " error" > *FORY=l
TO300 : NEXT : NEXT : PRINT© 4 02, "TRY A
GAIN" ; : GOSUB1000 : GOTO2 40
300 PLAYRT $ : FORX= 1TO 3 : PRINT ©306,
"EXCELLENT ! " ; : FORY=1TO200 :NEXT : P
RINT© 3 06, " excellent " ; : F0RY=1T02 0
0 : NEXT : NEXT
305 GOSUB1150
310 RETURN
350 GOSUB1210
3 60 GOSUB1570
365 IFQL=3 8 THENPRINT © 1 3 3, PR ; : PR
INT©166,"-"
370 IFQL=39 ANDLEN (PR$)*1 THENP
RINT© 13 4 , PR; : PRINT© 166 , " — " ;
380 IFLEN (D$) =1 ANDLEN ( PR$) =2 TH
ENPRINT@133 ,PR; :PRINT@166," — ";
390 IFQL=39 ANDLEN (D$) =2 THENPRI
NT© 13 3 , PR; : PRINT© 16 6 , " — ";
400 IFQL=40 ANDLEN ( PR$ ) =2 THENP
RINT@134,PR; :PRINT@166, " — ";
410 IFLEN (D$) ~2 ANDLEN (PR$) =3 TH
ENPRINT@133 , PR; : PRINT ©16 6 , " " ;
420 IFQL=40 ANDLEN (PR$) =3 THENPR
INT© 13 3 , PR; : PRINT© 16 6 , " "
430 IFQL=41 ANDLEN (PR$) =3 THENPR
440 IFQL=41 AND LEN ( PR$ ) =4 THENP
RINT©133 , PR; :PRINT@166 , " ";
445 ER==133
450 PRINT@133, "-" ; :GOSUB1200
460 IFPR>VAL(LEFT$(DI$,QL-37) ) T
HENGOSUB1220 : GOT02 10
470 MN=VAL(LEFT$(DI$,QL-37) )
480 PRINT© 2 1, "3" ; : PRINT @ 4 8, "sub t
ract " ; ■ ^IWM^ - v :
490 GOSUB1460 ■ ':*M : W&'' :
4 9 5 DF$=STR$ ( DF) : DF$=RIGHT$ (DF$ ,
LEN(DF$)-1)
500 IF DFO(MN-PR) THENG0SUB12 50
:GOTO490 ■
505 PR I NT © Q L+ 5 * 3 2 - LEN ( DF $ ) t DF;
510 IFDF=>D THENPRINT© 2 10, CHR$ ( 9
5 ) : GOSUB1300 : PRINT ©133," » ; : P
RINT©165, " " ; : PRINT© 197,"
"; : GOTO 2 10
520 GOSUB1150 : PLAYRT $ : F0RX=1T03 :
PRINT© 306 , "WELL DONE • " ; : FORY=lT0
200 : NEXT : PRINT ©30 6 , "well done" ; :
FORY=1TO300: NEXT: NEXT: TL=QL:QL=Q
L+l
525 PRINT@QL+5 *3 2 -LEN (DF$) -1 , DF ;
530 BL=96 J BD-1024+QL+64 : GOSUB135
0
540 PRINT@21,»1"; : PRINT@48 , "divi
ii • •
550 GOSUB1550
555 PRINT@QL,CHR$ (143) ;
557 PB=197 : PN=203 :GOSUB1500
'558 MN=CU
560 PRINT@203,CHR$(95) ; : F0RX=1T0
200: NEXT
570 PRINT@203,CHR$(143) ; : F0RX=1T
0200: NEXT
580 A$=INKEY$:IFA$="" THEN 5 60
590 IFA$<"0" OR A$>"9" THEN560
594 A=VAL(A$)
600 PRINT @QL,A$ ; : SOUND 100 , 3
610 GOSUB240
611 ER=2 29
618 GOSUB1570
620 PB=197:GOSUB1580
630 PR$="-"+PR$:PRINT©SL-LEN(PR$
) , PR$ ;
640 PRINT@SL+32-LEN(PR$) ,STRING$
( LEN ( PR$ ) , 4 5) ;
650 IFPR>MN THENG0SUB12 2 0 : G0SUB1
210 :GOTO540
6 60 PRINT@2 1 , "3"; :PRINT@48 , "subt
ract : &M.ttfj',
670 GOSUB1460
680 IFDFOMN-PR THENGOSUB1250 : GO
TO670 :' : Mi J ih-
690 IFDF=>D THENG0SUB13 0 0 : G0SUB1
210 ;PRINT@229 , " " ; : PRINT© 2 6
1, " " ; :GOTO540
700 GOSUB1150 : PLAYRT $ : F0RX=1T03 :
PRINT© 30 6, "RIGHT i " ; : FORY=1TO200 :
NEXT: PRINT@306, "right" ; : F0RY=1T0
200 : NEXT : NEXT :TL=QL :QL=QL+1
710 DF$=STR$(DF) : DF$=RIGHT$ (DF$,
LEN (DF$) -1) :PRINT@QL+8*32-LEN(DF
$)-l,DF
720 PB«37:PN=45:GOSUB1500
730 IFCU=INT(DI/D) THEN2000
September 1988 THE RAINBOW 55
735 BL=192 : BD=1024+QL+64 : G0SUB13
50
740 GOSUB115j3:PRINTS21, l 'l" ; :PRIN
TS48, "divide " ;
750 GOSUB155J3
755 PRINTSQL,CHR$(143) ;
757 PB«294:PN«3J81:GOSUB15J|p'
758 MN=CU ,
760 PRINTS 30 1, CHR$ ( 95);? ; F0RX=1T0
2)30: NEXT
770 PRINTS301,CHR$(143) ; : F0RX=1T
0200: NEXT
78)3 A$=INKEY$:IFA$=" "THEN760
790 IFA$< H j3" 0RA$>»'9 ,r THEN760
794 A=VAL(A$)
800 PRINT@QL, A$ ; : SOUND100 , 3
81) 3 GOSUB240
811 ER=325
818 GOSUB1570
82) 3 PB=*294:GOSUB1580
83) 3 PR$="-"+PR$ : PRINTSSL-LEN (PR$
) , PR$ ; *»
84) 3 PRINTSSL+32-LEN(PR$) , STRING $
(LEN(PR$) ,45) ;
85) 3 IFPR>MN THENGOSUB1220 : GOSUB1
210/.GOTO740
8 6)3 PRINT© 2 1,"3 »»|$S PRINTS 4 8 , " SUbt
ract 11 ;
87) 3 GOSUB14 6)3
88) 3 IFDFOMN-PR THENGOSUB1250 : GO
T087)3
89) 3 IFDF= s >D THENGOSUB1300 : G0SUB1
2 1)3 : PRINT §326," » ; : PRINT § 3 5
8 , " " ; :GOT074)3
9)3)3 GOSUB1150:PLAYRT$:FORX=1TO3:
PRINTS 30 6, "CORRECT! "; :FORY=1TO20
0: NEXT: PRINTS 30 6, "correct" ; : FORY
=1TO200 : NEXT : NEXT : TL=QL: QL^QL+l
91)3 DF$=STR$(DF) : DF$=RIGHT$ (DF$ ,
LEN(DF$)-1) :PRINTSQL+11*3 2-LEN(D
F$)-1,DF
920 PB=3 7:PN=45:GOSUB1500
93)3 -.IFCU»INT(DI/D) THEN2)3)3)3
999 END
1)3)3)3 PRINTS448, "PRESS ANY KEY TO
CONTINUE";
1)3)35 A$=INKEY$:IFA$=""THEN1005
1)31)3 RETURN
1050 IFA$="1* THEND=RND(9) ELS EI
FA$="2" THEND=RND ( 89 ) +1)3 ELSEIF
A$="3" THEND=RND(899)+100
1060 IFA$="1" THENDI=RND(899)+10
0 ELSEIFA$="2" THENDI=RND (8999)+
1)3)3)3 ELSEIFA$="3" THENDI=RND (899
99) +1)3)3)3)3
1075 D1$=STR$(D) :D$=RIGHT$(D1$,L
EN(D1$)-1) :D2$=STR$(DI) :DI$=RIGH
T$(D2$,LEN(D2$)-1)
1080 DC$=LEFT$(DI$,LEN(D$) ) : DC=V
AL(DC$)
1090 IFLEN(D$)=1 AND D<=DC THENP
I>3 8: RETURN
1095 IF LEN(D$)=1 THENPL=39 :RETU
RN
1100 IFLEN (D$) =2 AND D<=DC THENP
L=3 9 : RETURN
1105 IFLEN (D$) =2 THENPL=40 : RETUR
N
1110 IFLEN (D$ ) =3 ANDD<=DC THENPL
-40: RETURN
1115 IFLEN (D$) =3 THENPL=4 1
1120 RETURN
1150 FORX=306TO43 4STEP3 2:PRINT§X
, NU$ ; : NEXT : PRINTS 4 4 8 , NL$ : PRINT §4
80,NL$; : RETURN
1160 RETURN
1200 PRINTS3 20,STRING$(185,14 3) ;
: RETURN
12 10 PRINTS 14 9," ";:PRINT@1
49+32," "; :PRINTSl49+64>"
" ; : PRINTS 14 9+9 6 , » "; :RE
TURN
1220 PLAYWR$:G0SUB115)3:F0RX=1T03
:PRINT@448, "TRIAL QUOTIENT TOO L
ARGE SUBTRACTION IMPOSSIB
LE" ; :F0RY=1T0 5)8)3: NEXT: PRINTS 4 48
/'trial quotient too large
subtraction impossible" ; : FORY-
1T05 00 : NEXT ; NEXT : GOSUB1150
1230 PRINTSER," ";:PRINTSER+
32," 11 ; ; RETURN
1250 PLAYWR$:GOSUB1150:FORX=1TO3
: PRINTS306 , "SUBTRACTION" ; : PRINTS
338, " ERROR ! " ; : FORY^ITO 300: NEXT : P
RINTS 30 6, "subtraction" ; :PRINTS33
8 , "error" ; : F0RY=1T0 300 : NEXT : NEXT
:G0SUB115)3: RETURN
1300 GOSUB115)3:PLAY WR$ : FORX^ITO
5 : PRINTS 30 6 , "REMAINDER" ; :PRINT@3
38, "LARGER THAN"; : PRINT S3 7)3 , "DIV
ISOR ! " ; : FORY=1TO400 : NEXT
1310 PRINTS3)36, "remainder" ; :PRIN
TS338, "larger than"; : PRINTS37)3, "
divisor" ; : FORY=1TO400 : NEXT: NEXT:
GOSUB1150:PRINT@21, "1" ; :PRINTS48
, "divide " ; : RETURN
1350 PE=PEEK ( BD ) : PRINTS 2 1 , " 4 " ; : P
RINTS 4 8 , "bring down " ; : POKEBD
,PE-64
1360 GOSUB1 15)3 : PRINTS 3 0 6 , "USE AR
ROW" ; : PRINT83 3 8 , "TO BRING DOWN" ;
: PRINTS 3 70 , "NEXT NUMBER" ; : PRINTS
4)32, "FROM"; : PRINTS43 4 , "DIVIDEND .
it •
/
1370 A$=INKEY$:IFA$="" THEN1370
138)3 IFA$OCHR$(l)3) THEN1370
1390 POKEBD, PE:F0RX=1T03 :POKEBD+
BL, PE-64 : FORY=1TO100 : NEXT: POKEBD
+BL, PE : FORY=1TO10)3 : NEXT : NEXT
14)3)3 RETURN
145)3 PRINTS 30 6, "MULTIPLY"; : PRINT
S338 , "AND < ent er> " j i PRINTS 3 70 , "Y
56 THE RAINBOW September 1988
OUR ANSWER . " ; : PRINT § 40 2 , " " ; : INPU
TMA : RETURN
146J3 PRINT@3j36 , "SUBTRACT" ; : PRINT
§338, "AND <enter>" ; : PRINT@37J3 , "Y
OUR ANSWER. " ; : PRINT@4j32 , " » ; : INPU
TDF: RETURN
1500 CU$="":FORX=lj324+PB TO 1024
+PN
1510 IFPEEK(X)>111 ANDPEEK(X)<12
2 THENCU$=CU$+CHR$ (PEEK (X) -64)
1520 NEXT
1530 CU=VAL(CU$)
1540 RETURN
1550 GOSUB1150 : PRINT@306 , "NOW DI
VIDE"; :PRINT@338 f "THIS NUMBER" ; :
PRINTS 3 70 / "BY DIVISOR" ; :PRINT@40
2 , "AND press" ; : PRINT@434 , "ANSWER
ir •
.» t
1560 RETURN
157 0 PR$=STR$ (PR) J PR$=RIGHT$ ( PR$
, LEN (PR$ ) -1 ) : RETURN
1580 PB=PB+1024
1590 PP=PEEK(PB) :IFPP<112 0RPP>1
2 1THENPB=PB+ 1 : GOTO 1 5 90
16J30 PP=PEEK(PB) :IFPP>111 ANDPP<
122 THENPB=PB+1 ! GOTO 1600
1610 SL=PB-1024+32
1620 RETURN
1999 CLS:DF=1
2000 GOSUB1150:IFDF<>0 THENPRINT
@306 , "DIVISION DONE . " ; : PRINTQ3 38
, "PRESS <enter>"; :PRINT@370, "TO
BRING UP " ; : PRINT @ 4 0 2 , " REMAINDER .
" ; : SOUND150 , 1 : A$=INKEY$ : IFA$OCH
R$ ( 13 ) THEN2000 ELSEPRINTQ44 , "R" ;
DF;
2010 PRINT@16,STRING$ (10,32) ; : PR
INT@48,STRING$(10,32) ; :FORX=12 8T
0448 STEP3 2:PRINT@X,STRING$(32,3
2);:NEXT
2020 PRINT@0," problem successfu
lly completed! " ;
2030 POKE65314,9
2040 PLAY"T2V15L604CL16DC03A#L8A
AAGFGL4AL8F04L6CL16DC03A#L8AA#AG
FGL3F"
2045 'PUT A "GOSUB" HERE TO SEND
STUDENT TO A GAME ROUTINE USED
AS A REWARD
2050 PRINT: PRINT "WOULD YOU LIKE
TO DO ANOTHER PROBLEM (Y/N) ?"
2060 A$=INKEY$:IFA$="" THEN2060
2070 IFA$<>"Y" ANDA$<>"N" THEN20
60
2080 IFA$="Y" THENRUN50
2090 PRINT: PRINT "LONG DIVISION D
RILL COMPLETED."
2100 END ffs
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Help students remember their geography lessons
by using this challenging game as a study tool
States and Capitals
brown. Press any key to move to the
next state.
US States runs on the CoCo 3 and
uses 128K. If you do not have an RGB
monitor, you may want to modify six
lines of the program. Put REMs in lines
70, 90 and 410, and delete the REMs from
lines 80, 100 and 400. This will make the
program readable on your screen. You
may also wish to use different colors for
better results.
US States makes learning the states
and their capitals fun. As a game, the
program gives students a reason to
remember the information long after
they have completed the assignment
and passed the test. As a study guide,
US States helps you make an important
lesson come to life.
(Questions or comments about the
program may be directed to the author
at P.O. Box 276, Liberty, KY 42539.
Please include an SASE when request-
ing a reply.)
Teaching students the names of
the states and their capitals can
be a struggle. Your students balk
at memorizing the names and capitals
of 50 (gasp!) states, and you can't think
of any way to make the task any less
dismal. Worse, once your students have
completed the test or quiz on this
information, it's gone. Few students will
feel any need to remember the names of
states and capitals that are far away.
Even if they wanted to remember the
lesson, when will they use those names?
How will they retain this information?
Rick Cooper, a principal teacher and
coach, enjoys writing programs more
than using them. Although many of his
programs are used by his teachers and
students, Rick's best critics are his wife,
Donna, and daughters, Kristin and
Kasey.
* By Rick Cooper *
US States is a great way to teach
students the states and the capitals of
the United States, or for anyone to
brush up on geography skills. The
program begins by drawing a map of the
United States — including Alaska and
Hawaii. It then asks you to choose
between naming states or capitals. Once
you have indicated your choice, the
program asks that you choose the hard
or easy version. The map shown in the
harder version is a darker color than the
map in the easy one. This makes it more
difficult to use the adjoining states as
reference points when identifying the
individual states.
When you are playing US States, the
states will be illuminated one by one.
You must identify either the state or the
capital, correctly type its name and
press ENTER. If you are correct, the state
will become light blue. If you have made
a mistake, the correct name and spelling
will appear and the state will turn
60 THE RAINBOW September 1988
1
58 1200 21
117 1250 253
110 1320 239
139 1360 158
88 END 24
0 62
The listing: STATES
10 ON ERR GOTO 1520
20 ON BRK GOTO 1520
30 £QK2 "&HE6E4 V'SHE?^ ' I
40 GOSUB 1150
50 POKE &HFFD9,0
60 HCOLOR 1,0
70 DATA 63,0,54,36,1,15,62,32
80 REM DATA 7,0,63,52,0,27,48,23
90 P2=54
100 REM P2=63
110 DIM PN$(50) ,PC$(50) ,UD(50) ,S
L(50,2) ,CP$(50)
120 FOR X=l TO 50
130 READ PN$(X) ,PC$ (X)
140 NEXT X
150 FOR X=l TO 50
160 READ SL(X,1) ,SL(X,2)
170 NEXT X
180 HCOLOR 0,1
190 HLINE(228,90)-(319,142) ,PSET
,B
200 HCOLOR 4,1
210 HLINE(229,91)-(318, 141) , PSET
,BF
220 HCOLOR 0,1
230 HPRINT (2 9, 12) , "CHOOSE ONE"
240 HPRINT(29,14) , "1) STATES"
250 HPRINT (29, 16) , "2) CAPITALS"
260 I$=INKEY$:IF 1$="" THEN 260
270 IF I$<"1" OR I$>"2" THEN 260
280 IF I$="l" THEN FOR X=l TO 50
:CP$(X)=PN$(X) : NEXTX
290 IF I $="2" THEN FOR X=l TO 50
:CP$(X)=PC$(X) : NEXTX
300 HCOLOR 0,1
310 HLINE(228,90)-(319,142) , PSET
,B
320 HCOLOR 4,1
330 HLINE(229,91)-(318,141) , PSET
,BF
340 HCOLOR 0,1
350 HPRINT(29, 12) , "CHOOSE ONE"
360 HPRINT (29, 14) , "1) EASIER"
370 HPRINT(29,16) , "2) HARDER"
380 I$=INKEY$;IF 1$="" THEN 380
390 IF I$<"1" OR I$>"2" THEN 380
400 IF I$="l" THEN DF=56 ELSE DF
=1
410 REM IF I$-"l" THEN DF=32 ELS
E DF=0
420 PALETTE 4 , DF
430 HCOLOR 1,0
440 TIMER=RND ( -0 )
450 SS=0 : BC=0
4 60 GOSUB 670
470 FOR X=l TO50:UD(X)=0:NEXT X
480 IF BC=50 THEN 1040
490 R=RND(50)
500 IF UD(R)<>0 THEN 490
510 UD(R)=1
520 BC=BC+1
530 HPAINT(SL(R,1) ,SL(R,2) ) ,2,1
540 IF mti THEN HPAINT ( 9 1 , 155 ) ,
2,1: HPAINT (99,162) ,2,1: HPAINT ( 9 8
,170) ,2,1: HPAINT (107, 165) ,2,1: HP
AINT ( 105 , 17 3 ) ,2,1: HPAINT ( 120 , 177
)/2,l
550 IF R=35 THEN HPAINT (184 , 40) ,
2,i . %:l
560 K=5
570 GOSUB 790
580 IF R$=CP$(R) THEN SS=SS+1:K==
5: HCOLOR 0 ,1 : HPRINT (28 , 22 ) ,"CORR
ECT!":HCOLOR 1,0
590 IF R$OCP$(R) THEN K=7:HC0L0
R 6,1:HPRINT(25,22) ,CP$(R) :HCOLO
600 IF R$OCP$(R) AND INKEY$=" "
THEN 600
610 IF R$=CP$(R) THEN FOR X=0 TO
63: PALETTE 2, X: NEXT X: PALETTE 2
/P2
620 HPAINT (SL(R,1) ,SL(R,2) ) ,K,1
630 IF R=ll THEN HPAINT ( 91 , 155 ) ,
K, 1 : HPAINT (99,162),K,1 : HPAINT (98
,170) ,K, 1: HPAINT (107, 165) ,K,1:HP
AINT ( 105 , 173 ) , K, 1 : HPAINT ( 120 , 177
) ,K,i
640 IF R=35 THEN HPAINT ( 184 , 40 ) ,
K,l
650 GOSUB 670
660 GOTO 480
670 HCOLOR 0,1
680 HLINE (228, 90) -(319,142) , PSET
,B
690 HCOLOR 4,1
700 HLINE(229, 91)-(318, 141) , PSET
,BF
710 HCOLOR 0,1
720 HPRINT (3 2, 12 ), "SCORE"
730 Sl$="CORRECT "+STR$(SS)
740 HPRINT (29, 14) ,S1$
750 S2$= n WRONG "+STR$ (BC-SS)
September 1988 THE RAINBOW 61
760 HPRINT(29,16) ,S2$
770 HCOLOR 1,0
7 80 RETURN
790 REM GET INPUT
800 HCOLOR 0,l:HLINE(186,158)-(3
19,191) ,PSET,B
810 R$=""
820 HCOLOR 4 , 1 :HLINE (187 , 159) - (3
18,190) ,PSET,BF
830 HCOLOR 0,1
840 I$=INKEY$:IF 1$="" THEN 840
850 IF I$=CHR$(13) THEN HCOLOR 1
, 0 : RETURN
860 IF I$=CHR$(8) AND LEN(R$)<=1
THEN 790
870 IF I$=CHR$(8) THEN HCOLOR 4,
1 : HPRINT ( 2 5 , 20 ) , R$ : R$=LEFT$ (R$ , L
EN(R$)-1) :HCOLOR 0 , 1 : HPRINT (25 , 2
0) ,R$:GOTO 840
880 R$=R$+I$
890 HPRINT (25, 20) ,R$
900 GOTO 840
910 FOR X=l TO 50
920 HPAINT(SL(X,1) ,SL(X,2) ) ,4,1
930 IF X=ll THEN HPAINT (91 , 155 ) ,
HP
177
T. PAUL", IOWA, DES MOINES ,MISSOUR
I, JEFFERSON CITY, ARKANSAS , LITTLE
ROCK, LOUISIANA, BATON ROUGE, MISS
ISSIPPI, JACKSON
990 DATA ALABAMA, MONTGOMERY, GEOR v
GIA , ATLANTA , FLORIDA , TALLAHASSEE ,
SOUTH CAROLINA, COLUMBIA, NORTH CA
ROLINA , RALEIGH , TENNESSEE , NASHVIL
LE , KENTUCKY , FRANKFORT , ILLINOIS , S
DDTMr:rTPT.n wtcphmctm nTcnu mtp
JERSEY, TRENTON, NEW YORK, ALBANY,
CONNECTICUT, HARTFORD, RHODE ISLAN
D, PROVIDENCE
1010 DATA MASSACHUSETTS, BOSTON, V
ERMONT , MONTPELIER, NEW HAMPSHIRE,
CONCORD , MAINE , AUGUSTA
1020 DATA 25,24,25,41,17,68,26,7
4,42, 54,55,79,55,93,73,93,110,11
8,40, 14 6,82,158,122,97,122,77,85
,77,75, 51,75,29, 108 , 24, 108,44, 10
8,60,13 5,38,135,54,143,76,147,95
,151,114,165,114,180,114,194,114
,201,126
1030 DATA 207,99,207,90,185,90,1
88,81, 165, 62,165,3 9,169,26,179,5
7,192 , 57,208,57, 208,70, 214,78,22
0,68,2 2 9, 67,2 30, 62,230,49,2 3 6,51
,244,49, 244,45, 235, 37,240, 37,248
,28
1040 HCOLOR 0,1
1050 HLINE(186,158)-(319,191) , PS
ET,B
1060 HCOLOR 4,1
1070 HLINE(187,159)-(318,190) , PS
ET, BF
1080 HCOLOR 6,1
1090 HPRINT (25, 20) , "YOUR SCORE I
S "
1100 HPRINT (29,21) , STR$ (SS*2 ) +"
%"
1110 HPRINT(25,22) , "TRY AGAIN?
Y/N"
1120 I$=INKEY$:IF 1$="" THEN 112
0
1130 IF I$="Y" THEN GOSUB 910 :GO
TO 180
1140 GOTO 1520
1150 REM DRAW US MAP
1160 FOR X=0 TO 7 : READ SC: PALETT
E X,SC:NEXT X
1170 HCOLOR 1,3
1180 HSCREEN2
1190 HDRAW"BM9,13 ; D3R1D4R1D4R1D3
R1D2L1D4L1D5L1D1L1D1G2D2L1D11R1D
10R1D4R1D7R1D4R1D3R1D5R1D3R1D4F3
D1F1D1F1D1F3R4D4R1D2R1D4R1D1R6D1
R3D1R4D1R3D1R9D1R2 6D1R1D1R4F3R1F
2R1F2"
1200 HDRAW"D1F4D1F1R3U1R2U1R2E2R
1F3D1F2D1F5D1F6R4D1R2E1U4L1U2L1U
4R1U3R1U3R3D1R1U1R2E5R1E4R15D1R5
E1U2L1U2R17F2R7F1D3R1F3D1F1D1F2D
1F3D1F4D6F3R3E2U8H2U2H1L1U6L1"
1210 HDRAW"U4L1U2L1U2L1U15R1U2E2
U1E2R1E1R1U1E2U3E3R1U1E3U2E2R1U3
H2U3L1U4H2U1E1R2D2R1D3R1E3U4E1U1
E2G1U3E1U3H2U4R2D1R2E2R2U1R5E1R3
E3U2H1G1H2F1L1H2E1"
1220 HDRAW"H2F1L2U1E1R1E3R1E3G1U
2E1R2E2G1U1E3U1H1U1H1U1H2L1H2L3G
2D3L1G2D1G2L2G2L9G1L2G1L2G2D2G1D
62 THE RAINBOW September 1988
1G4L1G1L1G1L1G2L1G1L1G1L1G1L1G1L
2G1L7H1E1R1E2U2R1U4R1L2 11
123)3 HDRAWR1U1H2U1L1D1L3U2R1U4H
5L1D1G2D2G2D1G3D1G1D14L1D2L3H2U1
R1U17E1U2H1E2U1E1U1R4U1R1U1R2U1R
1U1H1L3D1L5D1L4U2H2D1L1D3G1L3G2L
5H3E5U1L11H1L6G1L42H1L14H1L17H1L
1PH1L14H1L17H1D1L3D5L1H2U2H1G1D1
L2 M
1240 HPAINT(100,lj30) ,4,1
125J3 HDRAW ff BM3 9 , 12 ;D22L9G1L6H1L2
H2L5BM39 , 34 ; D4L1D19L18H1L3G1L7BM
22,58 ;D2 6F21D14U15E1U4E1U10R1U2E
1R1J39F2R1F1R1E1R1U5D3R7E2R3 7E1R1
1E1R1E1R3 "
126)3 HDRAW"BM22j3, 96 ; L2H3L2H1L2G1
L7G1L5G1F1D1F4R1F3R2F4BM209 , 119 ;
L13G1L3H1L12D1L1D3BM173 , 123 ;U28L
11U4E1U1L1U1BM199 , 8 3 ; D1G2D1L1G1D
3L1G1D3R2L21R10D3F1D2F1D1F1D1F1D
9F1D1F1D1"
127j3 HDRAW"BM168 , 123 ;U1L1U2L9U3E
1U15E1U4E1BM158, 1)37;L14D1F1D3R1D
3F1D2R1D9BM143 , 1)37 ;U2L1U5L1U4H1U
4H1U1H2U2L2U1R1U8H2U2L1H1U2H1L3 3
D23R14D12R30"
1280 HDRAW M BM78,121;U3R2J3U54L36U
6L23R8D29U1BM61 , 85 ;R14BM68 , 122 ;U
58BM62 ,57 ;U16R29D23U42H1U6BM44 , 1
2;D9F1D1F2D2F2D2F2D2F1R1F2D1F2D1
R1F1D1R1F1"
12 9)3 HDRAW" BM9 1 , 54 ; R2 3 F1R1F1R4 Fl
R3F2R1D3F1D2L1D1F1D1BM129 , 65 ;R23
D1R1D1R1D4R1D1R2F1D2F2D1F2D3BM15
3 , 64 ;E1U1R1U2R1E1U1H1L1H1U5H1U1H
2U1H1U1H1L1U2H1U11R1U4E1R4U1"
13^)3 HDRAW !I BM126,16;D16L3D1L31R3
4D24U9R1D1R25F2R2U1R10D1R2D1R3F2
D11G2D3L1D3R1D6L1D1L2D1L1D1L3D1B
M172 , 78 ;R2U1R2U1R4E4R1U2L1U19L2G
1L4G2L1BM185 , 5)3 ;R5E1R8E1R2E1"
131) 3 HDRAW"BM204 , 47 ; D17E1G8H2L6G
1L2G1D1L1G1BM194 , 8 3U1R1E1U1R1E3R
1H1U1H1U1H2BM2)3)3 , 75 ; F1D1F3R1E1R1
E3R1E1R2E3R1U2H1L4U3L8U2BM214 , 66
;R11D2R1F1R5 11
132) 3 HDRAW"BM2 2 5,71;L1H1L1G1L2BM
224 , 65E1R4F2R2BM226 , 64 ;U7H1U5H1L
15U5BM225 , 52 ; F3R3F2BM233 , 53 ;U5R9
D3U4R4D1R1D2BM233,48U7L1H1U3H1U8
BM2 38,28 ? D7G1D5L5R12E1BM2 4 6 , 3 8 ; L
1U1H1U1H1U8"
133) 3 HDRAW"BM127,177;D4L2G1L1D1L
1D2L3H2U1H1L1U2L2U4R1U3H1U1E1R3F
1R1D2R3D3U1R1F2R1F1BM107 , 172 ; D2L
1G1L1H1U2E1R1F1BM1)38 , 168 ;R1E1H2U
1H1L1G1D2F1R1F1"
134) 3 HDRAW 11 BM101, 168 ; D2G1L1G1L2H
1U3E1F1R3 BM99, 164 ; L1H1L1E1U1E1R2
F1D1G2BM93 , 157 ;U3H1L2G1D3F1R2E1B
M84 , 157 ? D1G1L3H1E1R1E1R1F1BM67 , 1
66;U1H1U2H1U2H1U2H1U2H1U3H1U2H1U
2H1U2H1U2H1U3H1L5H1L6H1L6H1L15H1
L3G1L3G1D2L2G1L4D4G3D3G1D2F1R1F1
R3F1R1F1"
135) 3 HDRAW" L1G2L1G1L2G2D11R1E1R3
E1R2D2L1D1L2D2L1D1F1R1F1R1D2F1R2
E1R1E1R1E1R1E1U1R1E1R2F1G4F1L1G1
D1G3L2D3R3U1R1E1R1E2U1E1R3E1R1E5
R1E3H1F1U1E3R1F1G2D1G1D4R1)3U1R1U
2R1U2E2R3F1R1F1R1E1R2E1R2"
136) 3 HDRAW 11 BM172 , 3)3 ;H1L3H1L3H3 "
137) 3 HPAINT (6)3, 16)3) ,4,1
138) 3 HPAINT (91, 155) ,4,1
139) 3 HPAINT (99, 162) ,4,1
140) 3 HPAINT (98, 17)3) ,4,1
141) 3 HPAINT(1)37,165) ,4,1
142) 3 HPAINT (1)35, 173) ,4,1
143) 3 HPAINT(12J3,177) ,4,1
144) 3 HPAINT (82, 158) ,4,1
1450 HCOLOR )3,1
14 60 HPRINT (2,0), "THE UNITED ST
ATES OF AMERICA"
1470 HPRINT (19, 17), "by"
1480 HPRINT (18,18) , "RICK"
1490 HPRINT (17,19) , "COOPER"
1500 HPRINT (3,23) ,"C 1987"
1510 RETURN
1520 POKE &HFFD8,0
1530 END /S\
COLOR RIBBONS & PAPER
COLOR RIBBONS
RED • BLUE • GREEN • BROWN • PURPLE • YELLOW
Ribbons Price Each:
Black
Color
Heat
Transfer
Radio Shack - DMP 100
6.00
9.00
- DMP 110
4.15
4.75
5.75
- DMP 120
6.75
8.50
- DMP 130
5.25
6.50
7.95
- DMP 200
6.75
8.50
- DMP 230/520
4.00
5.25
- DMP 2100
5.75
- DMP 410/510
5.00
7.00
- DMP 430
12.00
Apple Imagewriter l/ll
3.75
4.50
6.50
Citizen 120 D
5.00
6.00
7.95
Epson MX80/LX800
3.75
4.25
6.75
Okidata 182/192
6.50
7.50
Panasonic K-XP 1090
6.75
7.75
Seikosha SP 800/1000
5.25
6.50
7.95
Star NX10/NL10
5.00
6.00
7.95
Star NX 1000 Call For Price
COLOR PAPER
BRIGHT PACK- 200 Sheets/50 each color: Red,
Blue, Green, Yellow. 9 1/2 X 11 - $10.90/pk.
PASTEL PACK— 200 Sheets/50 each color: Pink,
Yellow, Blue, Ivory. 9 1/2 x 11 - $10.90/pk.
T-SHIRT RIBBONS (Heat Transfer) - Call For Price.
COLOR DISKETTES
5 1/4" DS/DD Rainbow Pack. 10/pack - $12.50
For ribbons & paper not listed above, call for price & avail. Price & spec, subject to
change w/o notice. Min. order $25.00. Min. S & H $3.50. Add $2.25 C.O.D. add'l.
IL res. add 6.25% tax. MC & Visa accepted.
RENCO COMPUTER SUPPLIES
P.O. Box 475, Manteno, IL 60950 U.S.A.
1-B00-522-6922 • (IL) 1-800-356-9981 • 815-468-8081
September 1988 THE RAINBOW 63
Protect and highlight
gour important
magazine collection
with sturdy
RAINBOW binders
Distinctive, Durable RAINBOW Binders
the rainbow is a vital resource to be referred to
again and again. Keep your copies of the rainbow safe
in our quality, distinctive binders that provide com-
plete protection.
These attractive red vinyl binders showcase your
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and spine. They make a handsome addition to any
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Put an End to Clutter
Organize your workspace with these tasteful bind-
ers. Spend more time with your CoCo and eliminate
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A set of two binders, which holds a full 12 issues of
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Special Discounts on Past Issues
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Know Where to Look
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Gather up to five of your friends around the computer
for a game of one-word Charades
Clue Me In!
By James and Mary Jean Lamonica
Clueword is a talking word game for up to six players.
You are given four cluewords, one at a time, and
asked to guess what they have in common or what
they describe. After each clueword, the computer waits for
you to enter an answer. Type in your answer and press
ENTER. If you have no guess, just press ENTER. If you are
wrong, the computer will give you the next clueword in the
set. If you are correct, the computer will go on to the next
set of cluewords. The fewer cluewords you use, the more
points you will get.
The cluewords and the answers are saved by a separate
program called Cluefile. When you enter your answers,
follow these five simple rules:
1) The answer should be singular and not plural.
2) When the answer is a name, use the last name only.
3) When the answer is a set of initials, put periods
between them.
4) When the answers are numbers, enter them numeri-
cally.
5) The answer must match exactly; so spelling counts!
The programs can be used without the Speech/ Sound
Pak and can be converted to use with a tape system.
How Cluefile Works
To see how the game works, let's begin with the Cluefile
program. This program is used to enter up to 300 sets of
four cluewords and an answer. Lines 1 through 20 are the
introduction. Lines 30 through 70 ask if you want to load
Jim and Mary Lamonica are both proud to be teachers in
the El Paso, Texas, school system. They have had two
previous programs published in THE RAINBOW.
a partially completed set file. The program allows you to
add to an existing set file so that you don't have to enter
all 300 sets at a time. If you answer 'Y' to that question,
the computer will go to the subroutine at Line 500. Lines
500 through 550 enter the partial file, and Line 540 inputs
the data into an array called D$. The DS=X statement counts
the number of sets already in the file so that the computer
can tell you how many can be added.
Lines 90 through 100 give you instructions. Line 95 was
added to allow you to make copies of the file. To do this,
enter zero when asked how many sets you want to enter;
then put in a different, initialized disk in the drive. The
computer will go to the SAVE routine at Line 180.
Lines 110 through 160 contain the loop to enter the
clueword sets. When prompted by the computer, enter each
of the four cluewords, one at a time. Press ENTER after
entering each clueword. If you notice an error after you have
pressed ENTER, you may use the up arrow key to go back
to the previous clueword. Before you press ENTER for the
fourth clueword, go back over all four to double-check
them. The PRINT 6 statement in Line 130 keeps the
cluewords in order on the screen, even if you go back one
to make a correction. Line 132 allows you to make the
correction, and Line 1 50 inputs the answer to the cluewords.
Lines 180 through 220 save the clueword file on disk as
Cluedata. A 300-set file will use about seven granules, so
be sure the disk has room.
To get you started with your own sets of cluewords, here
are four examples:
Chicago Cubs
National
League
Baseball
September 1988 THE RAINBOW 65
OWARD MEDICAL COMPUTERS
': 1690 N. Elston • Chicago, IL 60622 ORDERS (800) 443-1444 INQUIRIES AND ORDER STATUS (312) 278-1440
* 5 STAR FINAL
SEPTEMBER '88
CLEAR
HMC CUTS *515 to *269
Hundreds of $ off Monitors sighted as Major Factor. HMC is reported to
have made a special purchase on Magnavox monitors. These items, listed,
are being offered at remarkable savings.
MAGNAVOX 7622 12" Amber Screen offers 900 dots x 350 lines resolu-
tion at 20 MHz on a dark glass anti-glare CRT with built-in audio and 1 year
warranty. ($7 shipping) $ 88 7652 green screen also available $88
MAGNAVOX 8 CM 515 has analog RGB for CoCo 3, TTL RGB for
Tandy 1000 or IBM PC's, and composite color for CoCo 2 and 3. Built-in
speaker. 14" screen with 640 dot x 240 line resolution. Plus 2 years parts
and labor warranty, reg. list $499 was $298 $269 + $14 Shipping
CC-3 Magnavox RGB cable only $ 19.95 with Magnavox Monitor
order. $29. 95 w/o monitor.
7622 8CM515 123A
123A 12" This 12" green screen high resolution monitor offers 80 column
capability, Zenith quality and a 90-day warranty valid at any of Zenith's 1200
locations. Retail $199. Our price $ 67.50 ($7 shipping) REPACK
VA-1 for monochrome and color monitors delivers video interface for CoCo's
1 & 2 $ 29.45 ($2 shipping)
DRIVE 0 +• Howards Drive 0
gives you a DD-3 MPI drive, a CA-1
cable and a HDS DC-5 Disk Control-
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Add $24 for a Disto DC-3
HMC's Guarantee—
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Howard Medical's 30-day guarantee
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Disk Controllers
Includes controller and C-DOS 4.0
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ADD-ON BOARDS
DC-3P Mini Eprom programmer
includes all software to program
2764 or 27128 chips(B] $ 55
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printer port[Cl $ 40
Items featured as evidence
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INVESTIGATION OF "LOWEST
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trollers, Add-On Board & Memory
provide absolute proof.
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more information and more in-depth treatment of
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A monthly issue contains nearly 200 pages and
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Paul
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RingO
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Writer
Virginian
Declaration
General
Indian
Fighter
Bighftrn
Beatles
Jefferson
Custer
How Clueword Works
Lines 1 through 20 are the introduc-
tion, and lines 21 through 70 load the
Cluedata file into the game. Lines 80
through 220 contain the basic game
loop. Lines 80 and 90 allow you to enter
the names of up to six players; these
names should be limited to 12 charac-
ters for proper placement. Line 95
begins the game loop, and Line 100
prints the players' names at the top of
the screen with their scores and an
arrow pointing to the name of the player
whose turn it is. Line 110 chooses a set
number randomly and tests to see if the
set has been used. If it has, another set
is chosen. The used set numbers are
stored in array DU.
Line 120 presents the clue words both
on the screen and vocally. If you do not
have the Speech/ Sound Pak, delete
lines 500 through 507 and all GOSUB 500
statements. The cluewords are centered
by dividing the length of the clueword
in half and subtracting that amount
from the center point of the line.
Line 130 determines the point value
for each clueword. If you guess cor-
rectly on the first clueword, you get 16
points; on the second, 8; on the third,
4; and on the fourth, 2. Line 140 allows
you to input your answer. Line 145
allows you to quit the game at any time
by entering a 'Q' for a clueword answer.
If you enter the correct answer, the
computer goes to the subroutine at Line
400. If you are incorrect, the next
clueword is presented. If you fail to
guess after all cluewords, the computer
goes to the subroutine at Line 460.
D$
PN
PS
P.
8
clueword sets and answers
players' names
players' scores in game
data used in game !||p
random number generator
points given for correct
answer
used for Speech/Sound
Pak
number of data sets irff|$
number of players in gaift
master game loop
determ ines PR INT § loca-
tion for players' names and
PR determines PRINT § foea
tion of cluewordi; Jon
screen
" As
Figure 1: Variable List
(Questions or comments regarding
these programs may be directed to the
authors at 10456 Orpheus Dr., El Paso,
TX 79924. Please enclose an SASE
when requesting a reply.) □
Listing 1: CLUEF1LE
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
***********************
1 * cluef ile *
■* (C) 1987 *
1 *BY JAMES PH LAMONICA*
'*& MARY JEAN LAMONICA*
'* EL PASO, TEXAS *
1J3 PMODEj8:PCLEARl:CLEAR12pj3j3:DIM
D$(5,3J3J3)
2j3 CLS(3) :PRINT@32,"THIS IS A PR
OGRAM TO CREATE THE WORD FILE FO
R THE clueword GAME PLEASE PRESS
ANY KEY TO BEGIN" : EXEC4 4539
3J0 PRINT@224, "TO LOAD A PART I ALL
Y COMPLETED FILE PRESS y, OR E
LSE PRESS n"
40 I$=INKEY$
5j3 IFI$="Y"THENGOSUB5j30:GOTO90
60 IFI$="N"THENGOTO90
7 S3 GOTO40
9j3 CLS (3) : PRINTS 3 2, "YOU MAY ENTE
R" ; 3J30-DS ; " SETS OF WORDS FOR cl
ueword. ENTER THE NUMBER OF ADDI
TIONAL SETS YOU WISH ADD" ; : INPUT
NS
95 IF NS=0 THENGOTO180
IjSp CLS (3) :PRINT@64, "YOU WILL BE
ASKED FOR FOUR CLUE WORDS AND T
HEN THE ANSWER WORD. PRESS RETUR
N AFTER EACH ENTRY. PRESS A KEY
WHEN READY TO BEGIN" : EXEC44539
$500 CASH PRIZE
TO THE FIRST PLAYER TO SURVIVE!
NIGHT OF THE
LIVING DEAD
AN INTERACTIVE
NIGHTMARE
^uRf ^ ADUEnTLIRE ("DUEL SOFTWARE
%
P.O. BOX 8176, SPARTANBURG, SC 29305
24 hr. order HOTLINE
(803) 578-7421
C.O.D. ADD $5
RAINBOW
CtOTiFCJTioa
MM.
September 1988 THE RAINBOW 67
110 F0RX=DS4-1T0DS+NS
115 CLS(6) : PRINT "SET NUMBER M ;X
120 F0RY=1T04
130 PRINT@Y*64 , "ENTER clueword #
";Y;:INPUTD$(Y,X)
132 IF D$(Y,X)=" A "THENY=Y-2:GOTO
140
140 NEXTY
150 PRINTS 3 20, "ENTER THE ANSWER"
; :INPUTD$ (5,X)
160 NEXTX
180 CLS(5) : PRINT@96 , "TO SAVE THE
clueword FILE, PUT IN A DISK A
ND PRESS A KEY PLEASE" : EXEC44539
190 OPEN"0",#l, "CLUEDATA"
200 PRINTS 200 , "SAVING cluedata" ;
210 FOR X=1T0DS+NS:F0RY=1T05:WRI
TE#1,D$(Y,X) : NEXTY, X
22,0 CLOSE # 1 : GOTO 2)3
500 CLS(4) :PRINT@3 2,"TO LOAD A P
ARTIALLY COMPLETED FILE, PUT I
N THE PROPER DISK ANDPRESS A KEY
PLEASE" :EXEC4453 9
505 PRINTS264 , "FINDING cluedata"
510 OPEN"I", #1, "CLUEDATA"
515 PRINTS 2 6 4, "LOADING cluedata"
520 FOR X=1TO300
530 IF EOF(1)=-1THEN550
540 F0RY=1T05:INPUT#1,D$(Y,X) : DS
=X: NEXTY
545 NEXTX
550 CLOSE#l: RETURN
Listing 2: CLUEWORD
1 ***********************
3 ! *BY JAMES PH LAMONICA*
4 f *& MARY JEAN LAMONICA*
5 ■* EL PASO, TEXAS *
6 »* (C) 1987 *
7 ***********************
10 PMODE0:PCLEARl:CLEAR12000:DIM
D$(5,300) ,PN$(6) ,PS(6) ,DU(300)
20 V$="WELCOME TO CLUEWORD. YOU
WILL BE GIVEN 4 WORDS, ONE AT
A TIME DETERMIN WHAT THE WORDS H
AVE IN COMMON AND TYPE IN THE AN
SWER. THE FEWER CLUEWORDS YOU N
EED, THE MORE POINTS YOU WILL
GET. "
21 CLS(RND(6) ) :PRINT@64,V$
25 V$="PRESS A KEY TO BEGIN" :GOS
UB500 : PRINTS448 , V$ : EXEC44539 : PRI
NTS 4 4 8, "LOADING clueword FILE FR
OM DISK"
30 OPEN" I ",#1, "CLUEDATA"
40 FORX=1TO300
50 IFEOF(1)=-1THEN70
60 F0RY=1T05:INPUT#1, D$(Y,X) : DS=
X : NEXTY
65 NEXTX
70 CLOSE #1
80 CLS (RND ( 6) ) : V$="HOW MANY PLAY
ERS (1 TO 6) ":GOSUB500: PRINT@ 64,
V$ ? : INPUTNP
90 V$="ENTER PLAYERS BELOW" : GOSU
B500 : FORX=lTONP : PRINTS128 , "NAME
OF PLAYER" ;X; : INPUTPN$ (X) : PRINT©
128," ": NEXTX
95 FOR GL=1T0INT(DS/NP)
100 FORG=lTONP:CLS(RND(6) ) :FORX=
1T0NP:PRINTS17+(X*16) ,PN$(X) ;PS(
X) ; : NEXTX : PRINTS 16+ (G*16) ,CHR$(6
2 ) ;
110 Q=RND(DS):IF DU(Q)=Q THEN110
111 PA=272
115 FOR L=1T04
120 DU(Q)==Q:PRINT@PA-INT(.5*LEN(
D$(L,Q) ) ) ,D$(L,Q) ; :V$=D$(L,Q) :GO
SUB500
130 S=INT(2 A (5-L))
140 PRINTS44 8 , " " : PRINTS448 , "FOR
";S; "POINTS" ; : INPUTA$
145 IF A$="Q"THENGOTO300
150 IF A$=D$(5,Q) THEN PS(G)=PS(
G)+S:GOSUB400:GOTO220
190 PA=PA+3 2
200 NEXT L
210 GOSUB460
220 NEXTG : NEXTGL
300 CLS:V$="THE GAME IS OVER AND
THESE ARE THE FINAL SCORES" :GOS
UB500
310 FOR X=1T0NP : PRINTS (X*3 2) ,PN$
(X) ;PS(X)
3 20 NEXTX •
399 END '
400 V$="YOU ARE CORRECT"+PN$ (G) :
GOSUB500
405 V$="PRESS A KEY FOR THE NEXT
SET" :GOSUB500
410 EXEC4453 9: RETURN
460 V$="THE CORRECT ANSWER WAS "
+D$(5,Q) :GOSUB500
465 PRINT@448, "" :PRINT@464-INT(.
5*LEN(D$(5,Q) ) ) ,D$(5,Q)
470 V$="PRESS A KEY FOR THE NEXT
SET" :GOSUB500
480 EXEC44539 : RETURN
500 XX=&HFF00:YY=&HFF7E:POKEXX+1
, 52 : POKEXX+3 , 63 : POKEXX+3 5 , 60
501 FOR I=1T0LEN(V$)
502 IFPEEK(YY) AND128=0THEN502
503 POKEYY,ASC(MID$ (V$,I,1) )
504 NEXTI
505 IFPEEK(YY) AND128=0THEN505
506 POKE YY,13
507 RETURN
68 THE RAINBOW September 1988
OS-9 version 2
OS-9 Levef 2
XTERM
OS-9 Communications program
Menu oriented
UploaaVdownload Ascii
or XMODEM protocol
■ Definable macro keys
• Works with standard serial port, RS232
Pak, or PBJ 2SP Pack, Includes all drivers
Execute OS-9 commands • Works with standard screen, Xscreen
from within XTERM WORDPAK or DISTO 80 column board
.95
$49
with source $89.95
XDIR & XCAL
Hierarchial directory OS-9 calculator
■ Full sorting • Decimal, Hex, Binary
• Complete pattern matching • +,-,*,/,AND,OR,XOR,NOT
$24.95 with source $49.9 5
XDIS
OS-9 disassembler
$34.95 with source $54.95
HARDWARE
512k memory upgrade
Ram Software
Ram Disk
Print Spooler
Quick Backup
♦Software by Col or Venture
$124.95
All three for only
$19.95
XWORD
OS-9 word processing system
Works with standard text screen, XSCREEN, WORDPAK, or DISTO
True character oriented full screen editing
Full block commands
Find and Replace commands
Execute OS-9 commands from within
Proportional spacing supported
Full printer control, character size, emphasized, italics, overstrike,
underline, super/sub-scripts
10 header/footers
Page numbering in decimal or Roman numerals
Margins and headers can be set different for even and odd pages
$69.95 with source $124.95
XMERGE
Mail merge capabilities for XWORD
$24.95 with source $49.95
XSPELL
OS-9 spelling checker, with 20000 and 40000 word dictionaries
$39.95
XTRIO
XWORD/XMERGE/XSPELL
$114.95 with source $199.95
XED
OS-9 full screen editor
$39.95 with source $79.95
SMALL BUSINESS ACCOUTING
This sales-based accounting package is de-
signed for the non-accountant oriented busi-
nessman. It also contains the flexibility for
the accounting oriented user to set up a double
entry journal with an almost unlimited chart
of accounts. Includes Sales Entry, transaction
driven Accounts Receivable and Accounts Pay-
able, Journal Entry, Payroll Disbursement,
and Record Maintenance programs. System
outputs include Balance Sheet, Income State-
ment, Customer and Vender status Reports,
Accounts Receivable and Payable Aging Re-
ports, Check Register, Sales Reports, Account
Status Lists, and a Journal Posting List.
$79.95
INVENTORY CONTROL/SALES ANALYSIS
This module is designed to handle inventory
control, with user defined product codes, and
produce a detailed analysis of the business'
sales and the sales force. One may enter/update
inventory data, enter sales, run five sales anal-
ysis reports, run five inventory reports, set up
product codes, enter/update salesman records,
and update the SBAP inventory*
$59.95
PAYROLL
Designed for maintaining personnel and
payroll data for up to 200 hourly and salar-
ied employees with 8 deductions each. Cal-
culates payroll and tax amounts, prints
checks and maintains year-to-date totals
which can be automatically transferred to
the SBA package. Computes each pay peri-
od's totals for straight time, overtime and
bonus pay and determines taxes to be with-
held. Aditional outputs include mailing list,
listing of employees, year-to-date federal
and/or state tax listing, and a listing of cur-
rent misc. deductions. Suited for use in all
states except Oklahoma and Delaware
$59.95
PERSONAL BOOKKEEPING 2000
Handles 45 accounts. Enters cash expenses as
easily as checks. Handles 26 expense catego-
ries. Menu driven and user friendly.
$39.95
ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE
Includes detailed audit trails and history
reports for each customer, perpares in-
voices and monthly statements, mailing la-
bels, aging lists, and an alphabetized cus-
tomer listing. The user can define net
terms for commercial accounts or finance
charges for revolving accounts. This pack-
age functions as a standalone A/R system or
integrates with the Small Business Accting
package.
$59.95
ACCOUNTS PAYABLE
Designed for the maintenance of vendor
and A/P invoice files. The system prints
checks, voids checks, cancels checks, de-
letes cancelled checks, and deletes paid A/P
invoices. The user can run a Vendor List,
Vendor Status report, Vendor Aged report,
and an A/P Check Register. This package
can be used either as a standalone A/P sys-
tem or can be integrated with the Small
Business Accounting Package.
$59.95
MutcrCard
Ordering Information
Add $3.00 shipping & handling, MN residents add 6% sales tax.
Visa, Mastercard, COD (add $3.50), personal checks.
the rainbow is a teaching environment and we realize that the
majority of our readers will always be beginners. In our
continuing effort to always keep the new user in mind, and in
addition to the many beginner feature articles and programs
published in every issue, "Novices Niche" contains shorter
basic program listings that entertain as well as help the new
user gain expertise in all aspects of the Color Computer:
graphics, music, games, utilities, education, programming, etc.
Buy a CoCo and See the World g
By Bill Bernico
This program will draw, frame and label a detailed map
of the world — and then duplicate it side-by-side, creating
a wraparound version. The last command of Line 60 and all
of Line 70 duplicate and label the map. You can eliminate
these if you need a world map in one of your own programs.
To reposition the map on your screen, simply change the first
coordinate in Line 10 from BM4 , 19 to wherever you want to
start drawing.
The listing: WORLD
10 PMODE4,l:PCLSl:SCREENl,l:COLO
R0,1:DIM A(20,20) :DRAW M BM4,19D3B
D7D28BD4DFU3BU3U28BU2UBU3U3DFD35
BD3D3EUBU4U35FD3 4BD7DRU2BU7U33FD
2BD2D28BD8DBRBU3UBU6U2 6RD25BD6D3
BD4D4FDU6BU6UBUl£U21RD2j3BD6D4BD7
D6EU6BU6U5BU5U20D3RD15BD5DBD2D4B
D6D6RU6BU13U2BU4U14ED15BD4D
20 DRAW"BD14D6RU6BU17UBU5U13BU4U
2RD3BD3D12BD6D2BD16D6RU5BU17U2BU
7U11BU4U2BD8RD9BD27D5FU6BU27U8RD
9BD25D8UEU4BU8U£BU16U12RND13RD12
BD18D#BU3£RND8RD7BD24RBU25U6RND6
FD5BD27D0BU32RD5RU4FD3EU2FBD11L2
E2D2BD8FBU9U2BU4Uj3BU7ED2BD5D2BD2
D3UEU12RD11BD14DFU2BU14U12R
30 DRAW"ND10RD9BD19DBU29RD9RU9FD
9RU1£BU7ED2BD4D14FU15BU4U2RD3BD2
D17FD3U2 6RD27FU29EUD32FU3 3ED34FU
37RD38NLRU39EUD3 6BD3D2FU3BU4U35E
D3 6BD4D3BD2D2FDU6BU7U2 j 0BU6Ulj3D9B
D8D22BD4D7FU9BU3U2j3BU9Ul^RD12BDl
j3D3BD2Dl£BD5D10BD9D9F2HU14BU3U12
BU6U8BU4U2BU9U13FD13BD7D3
40 DRAWBD4D7BD7D27U2EU24BU8U3BU
2U2BU12U12FD12BD11DBD3D2BD9D22EU
2j3BUlj3U3BU13U14EUD27BD3DBD12D19E
U17BU17U2 6ED2 8BD17D15U2EU11BU20U
28RD2 5BD2 4D8EU6BU2 6U25RD24BD27D4
EU2BU2 9U2 3FD21BD30D2BRBU2 7U2BU14
U5FD3BD14D4RU3BU16U2BR9BD39D4FU6
ED7RU8BU2U2BU6U2EUD4BD6D2
5j3 DRAW"BD2D8RU8BU2U2BU2UBU3NU4F
D6BD3D8FU10BU3U5RBU23D3BD13D2BD4
D6BD3D11FD6U18BU3U6BU3U5BU10U5RD
5BD9D6BD3D6BD3D19FD4U24BU3U7BU2U
7BU8U6RD4BD9D6BD3D8BD3D24FU25BU3
U9BU3U5BUl£U3FD2BD9D6BD2Dlj3BD3D2
4EU22BU3U19RD20BD2D21EU2j3BU2LUEU
17DFD15BD5D13EU11BU6U14RD16
60 DRAW n BDRD3BD12D2BU17U6BU3U12B
U4U2BUlj2U2ED4BD9D2BD4Dlj3BD4D8BDl
1D5RU5BU11U8BU3U12BU4U3BU8U4RD4B
D6D4BD5D2j3FU2 2BU6U2BU6U3RD2BD7D2
BD5D2 4FD3U3 2H3GFRD3 3RU3 3RD32EU3 2
ED3 2RU3 3BU4HU2EUND5RD5BD4D33FU34
BU3U6FD5BD3D3 8FU3 9BU3U3RD3BD3D4j3
":GET(4,90) -(127,10) ,A,G
70 THE RAINBOW September 1 988
70 PUT ( 127 / 90) (25j3 , 1)3) ,A, PSET: L
INE (0/0) -(255,97) , PSET , B : LINE ( 4 ,
4) -(251,93) ,PSET,B:POKE178,2:PAI
NT (2, 2) , ,0:POKE178,0:DRAW"BM85,1
0 5R6L3 D8 BR6U8 D4R6U4 D8 BR3NR6U4NR4
U4R6BR12D6F2E2F2E2U6BR3D8R6U8L6B
R9ND8R6D4L6R2F4BR3NR6U8BR9D8R5EU
6HL5" :PLAY"05C" :EXEC44539
Mental Math Blocks 4K
By Keiran Kenny
Mathematical relationships are often more easily grasped
when you can examine them visually. Remember back to the
first grade, when adding and subtracting were learned in
terms of apples and oranges, not just abstract symbols. In
that vein, Add Blocks can help children with math by
accompanying simple addition problems with counting
blocks. The program is easy to use, but a small child may
need some initial help.
The listing: RDDBLQKS
0 1 ADDBLOKS 1 BY KEIRAN KENNY ,
THE HAGUE, 1987,
10 CLS
20 P=96
30 FORX=lTO 1+RND(8)
40 PRINT@P,CHR$(159)
50 P=P+2
60 NEXT
70 Y=X-1
80 Z=Y+RND(16-Y) :IFZ=Y THEN8J3
90 W=Z-Y
100 PRINT: PRINT "HERE ARE "Y" BLOCK
S. HOW MANY MOREDO YOU NEED TO M
AKE"Z"?"
110 PRINT
120 INPUTK
130 IFK=Z-Y THENPRINT : PRINT"RIGH
T ! 11 ; ELSEPRINT : PRINT 11 SORRY 1 " ;
140 PRINT" YOU NEEDED" W" BLOCK" ; :
IFW>1THENPRINT"S . "ELSEPRINT" . "
150 FORX=lTOW
160 PRINT@P,CHR$(175)
170 P=P+2
180 NEXT
190 PRINT@385, "TO TRY AGAIN, PRE
SS ANY KEY. "
200 EXEC44539:CLS:GOT02j3
When in Rome
By Dan and John Weaver
Although modern Western civilization adopted the Roman
alphabet, it rejected the Roman numeral system in favor of
the Arabic, But in many schools students are still expected
to learn the Roman system to some degree. Some may feel
this is a useless exercise, but I feel it is helpful for children
to see that there are other ways to represent numbers besides
the usual 1, 2, 3, etc.
Roman Numeral tests your child (or you) in Roman
numerals. The program presents you with a simple menu that
asks you to choose Arabic-Roman or Roman-Arabic
translation. Then the program selects a random number and
puts it onscreen; you must type in its equivalent in the other
system. The computer indicates whether you are right or
wrong. If you are wrong, it provides the correct answer. It
also keeps a running count of the number of problems
completed and the percentage of correct responses. After 20
problems, your final score is given and you are returned to
the menu.
There are two levels of play. The easy level covers the
numbers 1 through 25. The hard level includes more difficult
numbers, such as XCIX and CDXCIX.
The listing: ROMRNMRL
0 CLS0:FORG=1TO500:NEXTG
1 FORU=488TO9STEP-32:CLS0
2 PRINT @U, "roman numerals";
3 IF U+70<511THEN PRINT@U+70 , "by
it
4 IF U+130<511THENPRINT@U+130, "d
an & john" ;
5 IF U+196<511THENPRINT(§U+19 6,"W
eaver" ;
6 FORG=1TO100:NEXTG:NEXTU:FORX=1
TO1000:NEXTX
7 TT=0:C=0:T=J3:CLS:PRINT§137, "rO
MAN TO ARABIC
8 PRINT@201,"aRABIC TO ROMAN
9 PRINT@265,"qUIT
10 I$=INKEY$:IFI$="»THEN10
11 IFI$="A"THEN13ELSEIFI$="R"THE
N13ELSEIFI$=»Q"THEN3 6
12 GOTO10
13 CLS: PRINT "eASY OR hARD?
14 E$=INKEY$:IFE$=""THEN14
15 IFE$="E"THEN17ELSEIFE$="H"THE
N16ELSE14
16 N=RND(39) :GOT018
17 N=RND(24) :GOT018
18 RESTORE : CLS :PRINT§48 2, "YOU HA
VE GOTTEN "TT"% RIGHT" : PRINT" YO
U HAVE DONE "T" PROBLEMS
19 IF T=20THEN3 5
2 0 FORX= 1TON : RE ADA$ : NEXTX
21 FORY=N TON+3 8 : READX$ : NEXTY
September 1988 THE RAINBOW
22 DATA M 1 , V I 2 ,I , M 3 , V I 4 , V I 5 I », II 6 H ,
» 7 11 , " 8 " , " 9 " , » 10 11 , 11 1 1 " , 11 1 2 " , « 1 3 » ,
"14" , "15" , "16" , "17" , "18" , "19" , "2
j3","21", "22", "23", "24","25","4i3"
, " 4 4 " , " 4 9 " , " 50 " , " 90 " , " 9 9 " , " 100 " ,
it 4ppn f 1145^11 # "499", "500", "9)3)3", "9
90" , "1000"
23 DATA I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VII
I, IX, X, XI, XII , XIII , XIV, XV, XVI , XV
II , XVIII , XIX , XX , XXI , XXII , XXIII , X
XIV , XXV, XL , XLIV , XLIX , L , XC , XCIX , C
, CD , CDL , CDXCIX , D , CM , CMXC , M
24 IFI$="A"THENGOSUB2 6ELSEIFI$="
R"THENGOSUB29
25 G0T015
2 6 PRINT@0, "WHAT IS THE ROMAN NU
MERAL FOR" : PRINTA$ ; : INPUT" " ; B$
27 IFB$=X$THENGOSUB3 2ELSEGOSUB3 3
28 RETURN
29 PRINT @0 , "WHAT IS THE ARABIC N
UMERAL FOR":PRINTX$; : INPUT" ";B$
30 IFB$=A$THENGOSUB3 2ELSEGOSUB3 3
31 RETURN
3 2 PRINT"correct " : FORF=13 0TO14 5S
TEP5 : SOUNDF , 1 : NEXTF : SOUND120 , 1 : S
OUND12 5 , 1 : T=T+1 : C=C+1 : TT=INT ( ( C/
T) *100) : RETURN
3 3 PRINT"oops! " :PRINT"THE CORREC
T ANSWER IS "; :IFI$="A"THENPRINT
X$ELSEPRINTA$
34 T=T+1:TT=INT( (C/T) *100) : SOUND
1,1: SOUND50 , 1 : SOUND1 , 1 : F0RG=1T09
00 : NEXTG : RETURN
35 PRINT @0, "PRESS ANY KEY TO STA
RT NEW GAME": PRINT: PRINT :PRINT@2
68, "game over" : EXEC4453 9 : GOT07
3 6 CLS : END
Answers for Your Questions I 4K
By Keiran Kenny
Quiz programs are very popular, but programming them
can be difficult — a correct answer can exist in many forms.
For example, the answer to the question in Line 1000 of the
listing would not only be John Francis Kennedy, but John
F. Kennedy, John or J.F. Kennedy, or simply Kennedy. In
this program, Flexiquiz, any of these answers would be
accepted. Spelling errors will not be accepted, however.
To use Flexiquiz to generate your own quizzes, enter your
question and answer as in the examples in lines 1000 through
1090. Because the program uses INPUT and is written in Color
BASIC, statements must be enclosed in quotes if the question
or answer requires a comma or colon. If your CoCo has
Extended Color BASIC, you could use LINE INPUT instead of
INPUT. The program's last line must always read DRTR
END, END, END.
The question is read as fl$ and the answer as B$ in Line
20. Lines 60, 70 and 90 establish^ strings to account for all
variants of a name. The answer can take from one to three
words.
The listing: FLEXQUIZ
0 'FLEXIQIZ 1 by Keiran Kenny,
Sydney, 1988.
10 CLS
20 READA$,B$:IFA$="END"THEN160EL
SECLS
30 PRINT@32,A$
40 FORT=lTOLEN(B$) :E$=MID$(B$,T,
1) :D$=D$+E$
50 IFE$=" "THENZ=Z+1ELSE80
60 IFZ=1THENF$=D$:L1=LEN(F$)
LEFT$(F$,1)+" ."+" " IGOTO80
70 IFZ=2THENG$=RIGHT$ (D$ , T-Ll) :L
2=LEN(G$) : J$=LEFT$(G$,1) +".»+» »
80 NEXT
90 H$=RIGHT$(B$,LEN(B$)-L1-L2)
100 PRINT@128, ""; :INPUTC$
110 IFC$=B$ ORC$=H$ ORC$=F$+H$ O
RC$=G$+H$ ORC$=I$+G$+H$ ORC$=F$+
J$+H$ ORC$=I$+J$+H$ ORC$=I$+H$ O
RC$=J$+H$ THENR=R+1 : PRINT §2^5 , "R
IGHT! "ELSEW=W+1 : Q==l : PRINT@205 , "W
RONG ! "
120 IFQ ORC$=B$ THENAN $ = 11 THE ANS
WER IS : H ELSEAN$= M THE FULL NAME I
S: M
130 PRINT@256,AN$:PRINT@33 6-LEN(
B$)/2,B$
140 PRINTS 3 93 , "PRESS ANY KEY. 11
150 EXEC4 453 9: D$=» " : Q=0 : Z=0 : L1=0
:L2=0:GOTO20
160 IFR=0THENR$= n NONE"ELSER$=ST
R$(R)
170 IFW=0THENW$=" NONE"ELSEW$=ST
R$(W)
180 N$=A$+» :"+R$+" RIGHT ;"+W$+"
WRONG . "
190 PRINT@400-LEN(N$)/2 ; N$
200 PRINT: END
1000 DATA WHICH PRESIDENT WAS AS
SASSINATEDIN 19 63?, JOHN FRANCIS
KENNEDY
1010 DATA WHICH PRESIDENT INTROD
UCED THE 1 NEW DEAL * , FRANKLIN DEL
ANO ROOSEVELT
1020 DATA WHO LED THE RAID ON HA
RPER'S FERRY?, JOHN BROWN
1030 DATA WHO WAS THE ORIGINATOR
OF THE THEORY OF RELATIVITY?,
72 THE RAINBOW September 1988
ftware
03" 28 New Calligrapher Fonts!
Save $10.00 when you order the new Calligrapher Economy Font
Package #4, known as the Hershey fonts. The introductory price of just
$19.95 is available through September 30, 1988. Specify RSDOS or OS9.
Calligrapher Combo Package - Includes the Calligrapher
and Economy Font Packages ^1 and #2, 54 fonts in all;
specify RSDOS or OS9; $69.95.
NEW! Hershey Fonts Now Available
For the Calligrapher!
These 28 fonts are known as the Hershey fonts developed by Dr. A.
Hershey. All fonts come in both standard and reverse. Set #10 in-
cludes Roman (Simplex, Complex Small, Complex, and Triplex) - 8
fonts. Set #11 includes Script (Simplex Small, Simplex, Complex
Small and Complex) and Gothic English - 10 fonts. Set #12 in-
fants) for $29.95. See special offer above.
Koman birnp
Roman Comp]
Roman Triplex mm m
Jorljii %wt\jiMK J ■will
J mi jit bmnjmx
CALLIGRAPHER
CoCo Calligrapher - (Hybrid
BASIC/ML) Turn your CoCo and
do t- matrix printer into a
calligrapher's quill. Make beauti-
ful invitations, flyers, certificates,
labels and more. Includes 3
fonts: Gay Nineties, Old English
and Cartoon. The letters are
inch high and variably spaced.
Works with many printers includ-
ing Epson, Gemini, Radio Shack,
Okiclata 92A, Banana and Pro-
writer, Additional fonts are avail-
able (see below). Tape /Disk;
$24.95.
OS9 Calligrapher - (C) Although
a different program from the
CoCo Calligrapher, the OS9 Cal-
ligrapher prints all the same
fonts. It reads a standard text file
which contains text and formats
ting directives. You may specify
the font to use, change fonts at
any time, centering, left, right or
full justification, line fill, margin,
line width, page size, page break
and indentation. Similar to troff
on UNIX systems. Includes Gay
Nineties, Old English and Car-
toon fonts. Additional fonts are
available (see below). Disk only;
OS9 Level I or II; $24.95.
Calligrapher Fonts - Requires
Calligrapher above. Each set on
tape or disk; specify RSDOS or
OS9 version; $14.95 each. Set
#1 - (9 fonts) Reduced, reversed
and reduced-reversed versions of
Gay Nineties, Old English and
Cartoon; Set #2 - (8 fonts) Old
Style and Broadway; Set #3 - (8
fonts) Antique and Business; Set
#4 - (8 fonts) Wild West and
Checkers; Set #5 - (10 fonts)
Stars, Hebrew and Victorian* Set
#6 - (8 fonts) Block and Com-
puter; Set #7 - (5 small fonts)
Roman. Italics, Cubes, Digital
and Old World.
Economy Font Packages on
disk; specify RSDOS or OS9;
$29.95: Font Package #1 -
Above font sets 1, 2 and 3 (25
fonts) on one disk. Font Pack-
age #2 - Above font sets 4, 5
and 6 (26 fonts) on one disk.
Both Packages #1 and #2 (51
fonts) on one disk; 49.95.
For a complete catalog of Sugar Software products and fonts, send a stamp and a label.
. 1 ;
^!l ''r
»V, !
i i l l. .;
Italic Comdex
w« w« fete y w wi
I
ti-.-' .■I'WhfThlirM 1 '
i:i|nT»fe l "?HU^ |,| ii l: li ;; .:!'
Roman Duplex tell
4mm
■ i-
Roman Complex Tiny
^iiiilBifcjfei
RAINBOW
centiftCATKM
SEAL
*TRS-80 is a trademark of Tandy Corp.
SUGAR SOFTWARE
P.O. Box 7446
Hollywood, Florida 33081
(305) 981-1241
All programs run on the CoCo 1, 2 and 8, S2K
Extended Basic, unless otherwise noted. Add
$1.50 per tape or disk for shipping and han-
dling. Florida residents add 6% sales tax. COD
orders add $5. Dealer inquiries invited. Orders
generally shipped in 24-48 hours. No refunds
or exchanges without prior authorization.
ALBERT EINSTEIN
1)34)3 DATA WHO COMPOSED THE MUSIC
FOR 'THE PHANTOM OF THE OPERA 1 ?
, ANDREW LLOYD WEBBER
1)35)3 DATA WHICH PHILOSOPHER WAS
THE HERO OF PLATO'S DIALOGUES?,
SOCRATES
1)36)3 DATA WHO WROTE THE FAMOUS S
TAGE PLAY 1 PYGMALION 1 ? , GEORGE BE
RNARD SHAW
1)37)3 DATA WHICH PRESIDENT PRECED
ED ANDREW JACKS ON?, JOHN QUINCY A
DAMS
108)8 DATA WHICH AMERICAN ADMIRAL
SAID 1 DAMM THE TORPEDOES'?,
JOHN PAUL JONES
1) 39)3 DATA WHICH ACTOR ASSASSINAT
ED ABRAHAMLINCOLN? , JOHN WILKES B
OOTH '
2) 30)3 DATA END, END
CoCo Clowns Around
By Ana M. Rodriguez
See the lighter side of CoCo with Payaso, which is also
the Spanish word for clown. I wrote this graphics program
for all you CoCo owners to wish you a happy day.
The listing: PAYASO
1 REM ** PAYASO **
2 REM ** BY **
3 REM ** ANA RODRIGUEZ **
10 PMODE3,l:PCLS:SCREENl,l
20 CLS 5
3)3 CIRCLE (100, 120) ,55, ,1, .85, .66
40 CIRCLE (100, 127) ,12
50 LINE(50, 75) -(150,71) ,PSET,B
55 LINE(63,71) -(137,22) ,PSET,B
60 PAINT(65, 69) ,6,0
65 LINE(63,60)-(137,60) , PSET
70 PAINT (52, 73) ,6,0
75 CIRCLE(80,95) ,9
80 CIRCLE (120, 95) ,9
90 LINE (80, 102) -(80,107) , PSET
100 LINE(120, 102)-(120, 107) , PSET
110 LINE (80, 88) -(80,85) , PSET
120 LINE(120,88)-(120,85) ,PSET
130 CIRCLE (100, 91) , 57 , , 1 , . 16 , . 35
140 CIRCLE (100, 100) ,60, ,1, .16, .3
5
150 CIRCLE (72, 142) ,8, ,1, .30, .70
16,0 CIRCLE (128, 142) ,8, ,1, .80, .20
170 LINE(125,22)-(140,6) , PSET
180 LINE(140,6)-(192,46) , PSET
190 CIRCLE (212, 65) ,12
200 CIRCLE (186, 62) ,17
210 CIRCLE (200
220 CIRCLE (230
230 CIRCLE (237
240 CIRCLE (209
250 LINE (60, 75
260 LINE(57,75
270 LINE(55,75
280 LINE(140,7
290 LINE(143,7
300 LINE (145, 7
310 PAINT (100,
320 PAINT (100,
330 PAINT (212,
340 PAINT (186,
350 PAINT (200,
3 60 PAINT (2 30,
370 PAINT (237,
380 PAINT(209,
390 PAINT(80,9
400 PAINT (120,
999 GOTO 999
1000 END
,89) ,17
,84) ,17
,55) ,17
,40) ,17
150) ,7,0
65) ,7,0
62) ,8,0
89) ,8,0
84) ,8,0
55) ,8,0
40) ,8,0
5) ,7,0
95) ,7,0
74
THE RAINBOW September 1988
New Low Prices! New Products!
HDS Floppy Drive Controller Board
FEATURES:
• Gold Plated Edge Cards
• Dual Selectable ROM Sockets
* Compatible With All COCO Versions
* One Year Wart^!ty r . t " ,
HARD DRIVE SPECIALIST lias iramufoaurcci l\o\ipy drive
controllers for i he Color Computer for SIX years- Buy the
controller alone to upgrade your present drive system* or
purchase a complete drive 0 to gel a high quality drive system
loaded with features. Tin's controller fallows the use of either
two 24 pin ROMS, or one 24 pin and one 28 pin ROM. Using
Ifrfe hoard wiili th^stand&rd Radio Shack ROM gives you 1 00%
compatibility with all Radio Shack software.
HARD DRIVE SPECIALIST
COLOR COMPOTE* CQHTfKHUH
NEW!
5.25 inch 3,5 indi
Completed and Tested Board with ROM.
(includes Case and DOS instructions}
Com pit ted and Tested Hoard „ ,«« $79.
without ROM {includes case)
Bare Board wilh Instruction Manual* *... + .., + ^^.p.,.,«.*.*. + S30,
Parts Kit for Bare Board without ROM
Radio Sliaek ROM (current version),*.*,,...* *, $30.
Double Sided Compatible ROM S20,
NEW! Magnavox 8CM515 Monitor ^ ^*$M%
with Cable for COCO 3
NEW! 2400 BAUD ZOOM External Modem iM „
villi C;ihfe,
Drive 0 Com pfete. SW9.
13 live 1 Complete tt<i k4«f^n4f r« i-. 1 1^.
Drive 0&1 Dual Drive Complete ~ $259,
Bare Drive
."h t K ? .
$134,
$289,
Drive Kits are complete with half height double sided drives
mounted in a case witfi powesr supply. Drive Q kits ajso
include cable and controller with ROM. 3.5 inch dri ves yfeld
720K when used with appropriate DOS (ADOS. 0S<J T cie.)
Otde-ring lnft?rrn»tijon; Use our WATS line to place yuur order via
VISA> MasterCard, or Wire Transfer. Or mail >-our payment directly
to us, Any u on certified funds wiil dl- \wU\ nruii proper clearance is
made. COD orders ere welcome as well as purchase orders frum
1 government 4r£cneies t Shining coste arc av tillable upon request, It
you arc nor satisfied with your purchase within 30days T yf?u may return
jircwJueL for full refund including stupping eosus.
-
ORDER TODAY!!
HARD DRIVE SPECIALIST
16208 Hickory Knoll ■ Houston, Texas ■ 77059
i-7J3-4fW-600() ■ 1-800-23 J -6671 EXT 437
Cider Sipping
By Darren Day
Among the things associated with school are apples, the
crisp odor of new books and "kid" songs (you know,
"School's out, school's out, teachers let the monkeys out, "
or "Billy and Betty, sitting in a tree . . — I'm sure you can
finish that one). No "kid" song repertoire would be complete
without "Sipping Cider Through a Straw," and CoCo will
make sure you remember it.
When run, the program accompanies the music with an
onscreen printout of the lyrics. And to make the program
even more exciting, the words have been encoded in DRTR
statements. Note: Cider contains the high-speed poke.
The listing: CIDER
j3 CLEAR 4j3j3:DIM A$(4,5)
1 GOSUB 18 1 DISPLAY TITLE
2 POKE 65495, J3
3 FOR X=l TO 5: GOSUB 21:NEXT X:P
OKE 65494 ,j3 'DECODE DATA
4 1 PLAY SONG & DISPLAY WORDS
5 FOR X=l TO 5
6 PRINT TAB (4) ;A$(1,X) :PLAY "L8B
L16BA#L8BL2G": PRINT TAB (4) 7A$(2,
X):PLAY "L8GO+DL16DC#L8DL20-A"
7 PRINT TAB (4) ;A$ (3 >X) : PLAY "L8A
0+DDDL2DL8D": PRINT TAB (4) ;A$(4,X
):PLAY "CO-BAL2GL8G"
8 PRINT: PRINT
9 NEXT X
1J3 1 ENCODED DATA
11 DATA "UIFlQSFU.UJ.FTUlHJSM", "
UIBU I FWFS ! J ! TBX" , "XBT ! T JQQJOH ! DJ
. EFS 11 , "UISP( IB! TUSBX"
12 DATA "J!UPME!UIBU!HJSM","J!EJ
EO (U ! TFF ! IPX" , "TIF ! TJQQFE ! DJEFS "
, "UISPVHI ! UIBU ! TUSBX"
13 DATA "BOE!DIFFL!CZ!DIFFL","BO
E ! KBX ! CZ ! KBX" , "XFl TJQQFE ! UIBU! DJ
EFS" , "UISPVHI! UIBU! TUSBX"
14 DATA " BOE ! BMM ! BU ! PODF " , "UIBU !
TUS BX 1 E JE ! TMJQ< " , "J! TJQQFE ! TPNF !
DJEFS " , "GSPN ! IFS ! MJQ"
15 DATA "BOEIOPX! J(WF!HPU!NF",B!
NPUIFS ! JO ! MBX" , " GSPN ! T JQQJOH ! DJE
FS", "UISPVHI !B! TUSBX"
16 GOSUB 25: END
17 1 TITLE SCREEN SUBROUTINE
18 CLS : PRINT@2 , "SIPPING CIDER TH
ROUGH A STRAW": PRINT (§32+9, "BY D
ARREN DAY": PRINT STRING$ (32 , 131)
19 RETURN
2J3 1 DECODE DATA SUBROUTINE
21 FOR Y=l TO 4: READ L$
22 FOR P=l TO LEN(L$)
23 B$=MID$(L$,P, 1) :C=ASC(B$)
24 C=C-1:A$(Y,X)=A$(Y,X)+CHR$(C)
:NEXT P:NEXT Y: RETURN
25 FOR Y=j3 TO 31
26 FOR X=0 TO 63
27 SET (X,Y,0) :NEXT X:NEXT Y
28 RETURN
CoCo ASCII Table
By Ken Ostrer
Time after time in my programming escapades, it seems
Fm looking for just the right character to spice up my
program. It helps to see all the possible characters in one
place. If you have a CoCo 3, this program will display the
entire CoCo 3 character set and its respective ASCII codes
on the 80-column screen. You can alternate between decimal
and hexadecimal values by pressing any key when the display
is complete.
The listing: ASCIIS
lj3 ON BRK GOTO110
2ft POKE65497 , J3 : WIDTH8j3 : CLS3 : ATTR
6,4: CLS : S=3 2 : E=51 : Z=j3 : V=j3
3j3 FORX=S TO E : IFX>255THEN80
4j3 LOCATEZ+l,V:PRINTCHR$(X) ; :LOC
ATEZ , V+l: IFT=j3THENPRINTX;ELSEPRI
NT"$"HEX$(X) ;
5j3 I FX= 3 2 THENLOCATE 1 , fi : PRINT " Sp 11
•
6J3 Z=Z+4:NEXTX
7j3 V=V+2:S==E+l:E=E+2j3:Z=j3:GOT03j3
8j3 PRINT" The entire Color Com
puter 3 character set. . . 11 ; :K$=IN
KEY$
9J3 K$=INKEY$:IFK$= ,l,, THEN9j3ELSEIF
T=-1THENT=^ELSET=-1
Ij3j3 GOT02j3
11J3 POKE65496,j3:CLS:END
76 THE RAINBOW September 1988
PRINTER LIGHTNING
A great print spooler which gives you
44K print buffer from a 128K CoCo and
up to 438K (200 pages!) from a 512K
CoCo. With this spooler you can run a
program while you are printing a file.
The spooler does not slow down the
computer to any noticeable extent while
you are running a second program and
no lost characters arise. Baud rates
selectable. Printer Lightning can reside
in memory along with RAMDISKl
Proven Technology
New CoCo 3 Utilities
Great for 512K Systems! From Color Venture and OWl^WARE
NEW NEW
Using 512K CoCo 3 you have access to
2 additional disk drives in RAM. All
disk commands are supported, and the
data are Reset button protected. You
can now have up to 5 disk drive capa-
cities on line at once and can assign the
ram disks to any drive number. By
making the ramdisk Drive 0, all pro-
grams which require a lot of drive
access will run much faster. You can
have the RAMDISK in memory at the
same time as the Printer Lightning]
BACKUP LIGHTNING
This program is the fastest way to make
backup copies of your files using a 512K
CoCo. You can backup 35, 40, or 80
track disks single or double sided. Both
RS and OS-9 disks may be backed up.
The original disk is saved to memory
and a copy can be made on an
unformatted disk every 45 seconds! The
lightning read, write, format, and verify
routines that were developed make this
program much quicker that RSDOS or
OS-9 for backups. This will become one
of your most used programs!
Only $1 9.95 each. 3 for $39.95.
SPECIAL With our 51 2K Upgrade (Next page) only $2. each Or 3 for $5!
i
" '
Announcing^
The finest graphics/drawing program for the COCO 3!
Da Vinci 3
16 colors on screen at one time
Modify each color from 64 available colors
Use composite or RGB monitor
Draw with custom paintbrushes
Futt resolution 320 X 192
Picture converter for conversion of
COCO 2 pictures to COCO 3
Multiple text fonts
Accepts input from joystick, X-pad,
mouse, or touch-pad
Boxes, circles, line, paint generation
Screen dump for Tandy mono and color ink-jet
printers, (NX- 10 and others pending)
Sensible price
No additional hardware required because of
course/fine joystick movement modes
Zoom mode for individual pixel editing
Great on screen menu which is removable at
the touch of a key to allow full screen edit
128K or512K COCO 3
$37.95
Super I/O Board for OS-9
Each Board Provides 2 Serial Ports and Centronics Parallel Port
First Board has Real Time Clock and Beeper... With Second Board up to 5 Users
2 Serial Ports
The serial ports are usable up to 19,200 Baud, and
the parallel port is a true Centronics standard.
Plug into your multi-pak. On CoCo 3, nmlti-pak
must be upgraded. You will have a multi-user
system with additional computers or terminals
plugged into the serial ports. An OWL hard drive
and 512K upgrade are stronelv recommended for
multi-user systems.
Intro Price...
BOARD 2. ..$145.
(up to 18,200 BAUD)
$169.
PIU06
Into
MULTI PACK
CENTRONICS
PARALLEL
PORT
P.O. Box 116-A
Mertztown, PA 19539
- ORDER LINES (only) —
(800) 245-6228
(21 5) 682-6855 (PA)
Pro ven
On the Razor's Edge of
Basic and OS-9 Hard
Drive Systems
Proven Performance for Demanding Home or
Business Users
Every hard drive which has been Because of many requests for a lower
produced by OWL- WARE during the price system in kit form, we are now
last 3 years is complete. A system con- selling a kit of all parts at a significant
sistsof software, hard drive, controller, discount compared to our regular
heavy-duty power supply, and LR Tech prices. We recommend this kit (or any
Interface. There are no hidden costs for kits offered by any other supplier) only
assembly or testing. When a drive sys- to those who have experience in
tem is ordered, we fully assemble, test, electronic assembly and OS-9.
and burn-in the system for 3 full days.
This ensures dependability and op-
timum performance.
We have now been supplying CoCo
hard drive systems and parts for more
than 3 years. This is the longest history
in the CoCo market of any system.
Some other advertisers are stating that
they have one of the most reliable sys-
tems for the CoCo with all of 4 months
history in the CoCo hard drive market]
We have reached our position in the
hard drive market by providing our cus-
tomers with a quality product that they
(and we) can be proud to own and use.
For OS-9
Levels 1
and 2
OWL Hard Drive BASIC 3
There have been several ads in this
magazine about BASIC for Color
Computer hard drive systems. These
ads sometimes only tell a part of the
story. Our BASIC system price in-
cludes assembly, testing, and 3-day
burn-in period. We do not require a
Multi-pak to operate.
Our hard drive systems are fast, reli-
able, and reasonable in price. This has
been proven by hundreds of users over
the past 3 years. We do not have to turn
off error checking for speed. We
achieve high speed BASIC from a uni-
que indexing method.
The table below will summarize some
of the key points about our BASIC hard
drive system and two other systems. We
believe that we have the best BASIC in-
terface for CoCo hard drives available.
BASIC Hard Drive Systems
Feature OWL B&B RGB
Drive Portion
Available
Entire
Entire(?)
Entire
User Sets
BASIC/OS-9
Partitions
YES
Yes
No
Add to Exist-
ing OS-9
Drive Without
Reformat
YES
Yes(?)
No
Drives 0-3
Hard/Floppy
YES
No
Yes
Built in Park
YES
No
Yes
Speed*
FAST
Fast
Fast
*A11 feature details are believed to be
true at time of writing and are subject
to change. We believe that our BASIC
hard drives are the fastest due to our in-
dexing method, but all three systems
are fast. On ours all BASIC commands
work including DSKINI, DSKI$, and
DSKO$.
Prices: Wigi^gthout Hard
$35./$79.
Technology
the Color Computer Frontier
Bonus!
Special
Bundled
Software
with any
Disk Drive
Purchase!
Floppy Drive Systems
The Highest Quality for Service Now and for Years to
Come
Use our WHISPER DRIVE for the finest, quietist drive
Drive 0 Systems (Half Height, Double Sided, Direct
Drives) $219.
Drive 0 systems complete with drive, controller, legal DOS,
cable, case, power supply, and manual
Drive 1 Systems (Half Height, Double Sided, Direct
Drives) $129.
New 3.5", 720K Drives for OS-9 with case &
Power Supply $179.
Drive 1 Systems have drive, case, power supply. (You may
require optional cable and/or DOS chip to use)
Special for 0/1 Combos (Drives 0,1,2,3) $315.
HALF- HEIGHT DRIVE
llllllliliiBiiiiiiii
ilHMIl
All drives are new and fully assembled.
We ship only FULLY TESTED and
CERTIFIED at these low prices. We
use Fuji, YE Data, and other fine
brands. No drives are used or surplus
unless otherwise stated to you when
you order. We appear to be the one of
the few advertisers in Rainbow who
can truly make this claim. We have 5
years experience in the CoCo disk
drive market! We are able to provide
support when you have a problem.
Drives 1 Year Warranty
1-215-837-1917
OWL WARE Software Bundle
Disk Tutorial/Utilities/Games
DISK TUTOR Ver 1.1
Learn how to use your disk drive from
this multi-lesson, machine language
program. This tutor takes you through
your lessons and corrects your mistakes
for a quick, painless disk drive introduc-
tion. (This professionally written tutor
is easily worth the bundle's total price.)
OWL DOS
An operating system that gives faster
disk access and allows the use of
double-sided drives. Corrects a floating
point number error on early CoCo sys-
tems.
COPY-IT
Quickly copies selected programs be-
tween disks. A wild card option selects
groups of programs to copy.
VERIFY
Verifies reading of each sector. Bad
sectors are listed on the screen.
2 GAMES
We will select 2 games from our stock.
These sold for more than $20 each.
If sold separately this is more than $125
worth of software!!
Do not mistake this software with
cheap, non-professional "Public
Domain" software which is being of-
fered by others. All of this software is
copyrighted and professional in quality.
The tutor is unique with us and has
helped thousands of new users learn
their disk drive. •
only $27.95
(or even better)
only $6.95 with
any Disk Drive Purchase!!
Our prices, include a. discount for cash
but do not mcluae snipping.
OWL-WARE has a liberal warranty policy. During the warran-
ty period, all defective items will be repaired or replaced at our
option at no cost to the buyer except for shipping costs. Call
our tech number for return. Return of non-defective or un-
authorized returns are subject to a service charge.
1 BASIC Tra i ning
16KECB H
During our stroll through CoCo-
land's BASIC, we can't fail to
stumble over the statements
used to create graphics. If we wander
past them, we wistfully dream of creat-
ing masterpieces. We visualize ourselves
as the Rembrandts of the keyboard.
As a newcomer to CoCo graphics,
remember that if you fail to grasp some
of the fine points of any tutorial pre-
sented, work along anyway. You are
certainly going to find interesting hints
and techniques and say, "I didnt know
that!" You can always set this issue of
THE rainbow aside. After you have
progressed further in mastering BASIC,
you can pick it up and, fortified with
more knowledge, tackle it at a later
time. There is little in THE RAINBOW that
becomes obsolete.
For the umpteenth time, you are
urged to guard the back issues with your
life. You'll find them to be your prime
source of reference material. So much
for the unsolicited commercial!
The subject for today is the DRAW
statement, complete with our usual
hands-on programming practice. To get
the maximum utilization from DRAW,
you are requested to purchase graph
paper in an 8l4-by-ll-inch pad, with
four squares to the inch (also known as
quad-ruled paper). You will also find
valuable a black and/ or red nylon-
tipped pen that makes a heavy line. You
will need these items later, when we
really get warmed to our subject.
Michelangelo made sketches, as you
will — his modern day counterpart —
at the CoCo easel. In the meantime,
take a few deep breaths to relax you and
fire up the computer. We will create a
neat utility that you will enjoy using.
Look at Listing 1. The secret is out
— you are going to make graph paper
on your CoCo. Key in the program lines
as they are requested. Key in Line 10.
If you are curious about why we must
CLEAR 500, omit Line 5 for the moment.
At some point, as we work through this
tutorial together, you will get an Out of
String Space error message. The solu-
tion is to key in Line 5.
Key in Line 50 until you reach the
closing quote mark; press ENTER. Key
in the "hold" line, Line 300. Press ENTER
and the BREAK key, and list Line 50.
Florida-based Joseph Kolar is a veter-
an writer and programmer who special-
izes in introducing beginners to the
powers of the Color Computer.
A tutorial for the DRA W
statement in producing
CoCo graphics
Creating a
Utility
Screen
Worksheet
By Joseph Kolar
Rainbow Contributing Editor
Using the DRRN statement and Color
C2 at grid coordinates horizontal 0 and
vertical 0 on the Hi-Res screen, we use
D10 to move ten spaces or units down
on the vertical, (0,10). R240 proceeds to
make a horizontal line from (0,10) to
(240,10). We now have one line. This is
half of our work-horse, D10R240. Since
we want to place another horizontal line
ten units below our first line, we use D10
again to drop down to (240,20). We
continue by using L240 to draw our
second horizontal line to end at (0,20).
This is the other half of our work-horse.
Note that CoCo gave you a break and
printed a continuous, zigzag line
whether or not you closed Line 50 with
a closing quotation mark. Make it a
point to enclose any necessary informa-
tion between quotation marks. You may
not be so lucky the next time. Note also
that the coordinates in parentheses can
be ignored. They are for the inquisitive
beginner who may want to use LINE
statements. LINE can do a lot of things
that DRRN does. Finally, you may have
guessed how we expect to proceed.
D10R240D10L240 was repeated
again. You can see that using our com-
plete work-horse makes for a long,
boring program line that is subject to
error and a pain in the neck to debug.
Key in Line 20. We are going to put
the first half of our work-horse into
String fi$ and the other half into B$.
Right away, the more astute beginner
will wonder, "Why not put both of them
into one string?" There are many ways
to accomplish the mission, but this way
is easier for the newcomer to grasp.
We are going to use concatenation to
finish our horizontal lines. Think of
each string and its contents as a freight
train boxcar. Each boxcar is coupled to
the end of the train with the coupler *+.'
fl$ creates the zig and B$ creates the zag.
Key in and list only the E$ string in
Line 40. The new string, E$, makes
bigger boxcars. Look carefully and you
will deduce that E$ is equal to the
contents of Line 50 as it now stands.
Hook up three E$ boxcars to Line 50
so it looks exactly like the listing of Line
50, and run. Isn't that easy?
If that is the case, try this: type
EDIT50 and press ENTER and the space
bar until the cursor is under the first T).'
Count the number of characters (28) to
be deleted; type 28 D to remove them,
and press ENTER to get out of the Edit
mode. E$ replaces the components of
the zigzag. Did you add an E$ boxcar?
The horizontal lines are finished.
What about those pesky vertical lines?
Just as Rembrandt paints over other
colors, so will we artists when we get
around to the border.
To create vertical lines, we use the
same format. Key in Line 60 as far as
the closing quote mark, and press
ENTER. The zigzag will progress from
left to right. Run the line and look it
over! Can you conceptualize it? If not,
put a REM at the beginning of Line 50
and run it, then take out the REM. Can
you figure out why the color of the
vertical zigzag is different? In masking
Line 50, we hid Color C2, and default
Color C4 was used.
Key in Line 30. Note C$ is the first
half of the work-horse R10D160, and D$
is the second half.
Edit Line 40 to add the F$ boxcar that
contains C$D$C$D$. Make sure you use
a colon to separate the two giant box-
cars, E$ and F$.
Edit Line 60 to add five F$ boxcars.
Compare it with the listing to make sure
you are doing it right, and run it. We
have a 240-by-160 sheet of graph paper.
Each box is ten units wide and ten units
long.
We may as well add a nice border. Key
in Line 70. Using Color C4 and begin-
ning at (0,0), we make one continuous
80 THE RAINBOW September 1988
line to box it in. Run the line. For
practice put a REM in front of Line 70,
and using Line 71, create the same
border with the LINE statement. If you
have trouble getting the correct color,
insert at the beginning of Line 71
C0L0R4: or DRfiW"C4":. Either will
work.
If you get Line 71 correct, you can
leave Line 70 masked and use Line 71,
or you could mask Line 71 and unmask
Line 70. It is a shame to kill such good
work; it never hurts to save your work,
even if it's hidden in REMs.
Notice that lines 80 and 90 are
masked with REMs. They are reference
lines that break up the graph into 4-by-
4 boxes. On occasion you will find them
useful.
Key in lines 80 and 90 without the
REMs. You will note that they were
composed using the same technique as
in lines 50 and 60.
Since each line is +10 units from the
previous one, Line 95 is a test line. We
put a dark dot at (20,20). Can you see
it? Now you know where (20,20) is.
Change Line 95 to some other coordi-
nates, such as (60,60) or (100,150). Play
around until you get bored. Remember,
P5ET is a valuable command in graphic
applications. For instance, it can be
used to locate a spot inside a small area
that you want to PAINT but have diffi-
culty in picking up the PAINT coordi-
nates.
Delete Line 95. Make a REM Line 95,
and type:
95 'USE S4 IN DRRW STATEMENTS TO
GET fl REALISTIC GRAPHIC SCREEN.
EACH SQUARE IS 10 UNITS TO THE
SIDE.
96 'USE S40 NHEN YOU ARE USING IT
AS A SCREEN WORK-SHEET WHICH WILL
BE EQUIVALENT TO GRAPH PAPER.
EACH SQUARE WILL BE ONE UNIT TO A
SIDE.
Mask or unmask lines 80 and 90 to
suit yourself, and save a few copies on
tape. You are the proud possessor of
your own utility screen worksheet.
"You are urged to
guard the back
issues with your life.
¥ou*ll find them to
be your prime
source of reference
material. **
Delete lines 95 and 96. We will use
S40 so we have a graphic worksheet.
You may want to enter a single direction
at a time to see what is being created.
Key in Line 100. Beginning at a point
10 units to the right and 20 down, using
Color C3, we go one unit in Direction
E, then one space in Direction F. (You
may use El, Fl, etc., instead of E, F,
etc. Be professional and leave out the
redundant 1).
At Point (10,20), we drew a "pencil"
line one space in Direction E, (20,10).
Starting at this location, we went one
space in Direction F, (30,20); one space
in Direction G, (20,30); and linked to
the first point, (10,20), using H.
Stop at any time and make designs at
other locations. Experiment! Satisfy
your curiosity!
Key in Line 110. A square one unit
or space per side is created demonstrat-
ing RDLU directions.
Key in Line 115. There are many ways
to duplicate this pattern. One way is
demonstrated. If you wanted that pat-
tern in exactly the same location, your
initial starting point could be at any
point on the pattern. If you wanted to
begin at the upper left-hand corner,
your line would read:
DRAW''BM90,10RD2RULU2U''
Beginning at (110,30) in the lower
left-hand corner, type:
DRfiH // BMU0,30UL2URD2R"
Key in Line 120. The initial point is
(130,20). Type 121 PSET (130,20,2)
and run. You can hardly make it out,
but the left side is broken. That is the
starting point. Study Line 120 to see
how the square was created.
You may ask, "Why don't you start
in a corner?" In the real world, you may
have to start at locations that are
inconvenient in order to create a specific
design. That's life!
Delete Line 121, and key in Line 130.
We demonstrate how to create a cross
from a central point. We use N, a neat
DRRW command that tells CoCo to draw
a line X units long in a desired direction
and, upon completion, to return to the
point where the specific line originated.
From (180,20), a line is drawn up and
back to its origin using NU , ( 1B0 , 20 ) .
From this point a line is drawn one unit
to the right and back, NR; then one unit
down and back up and finally one unit
to the left, L. We didn't bother using NL
because it didn't matter where we
ended. We ended at (170,20). For prac-
Lyra is the best music composition program you can buy for your CoCo and MIDI synthesizer. Write music with 8 parts,
change volumes, tempo, and instruments anywhere in the score. Set synthesizer configurations or even upload new instrument
patches from the score! Now includes LyraPrint which prints your music on a dot matrix printer (Epson, Gemini, Radio
Shack, or OkiData 92). Comes with a cable to connect the CoCo to a MIDI synthesizer. Requires a disk drive and mouse.
Lyra
r3
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music for you? Lyra Lybrary is for you. Over 11 disks packed with music of a wide range of styles. Use Lyra or the included program to
play the music. Requires a MIDI synthesizer, Radio Shack disk drive, a mouse, and a MIDI cable.
Qj-Lyra Lybrary each disk $14.95
Other good stuff: • FB-01 Calc is a simple basic program that creates event files for Lyra so you can set up custom configurations for
your FB-01 from Lyra. A must if you have an FB-01 1 $19.95 • Musica is an excellent
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September 1 988 THE RAINBOW 81
tice, using L add G and using NL add G.
Run the lines to compare them.
Key in Line 140. This is double the
size of the cross in Line 130. Note the
last element, NR2, was used to make sure
it ended at mid-point, (20,60). The end
point is at (0,80).
Key in Line 160 and run it. This is a
reference point, around which some
pattern will be drawn. A box two units
per side will be drawn around it.
Key in Line 170. We use the B com-
mand to move to some point along
which the line will pass. We could have
chosen to begin at any one of eight
points. In Line 170, we move one unit
left without leaving a visible line, using
0 (move but don't leave a line in direc-
tion L, left one unit). At this point,
(50,60), you could go up one unit and
proceed clockwise or down one unit and
go counter-clockwise.
Key in Line 171. Using the reference
point we determined in Line 160, an
eight-cornered star one unit per side was
diffused.
Key in lines 180 through 186 to see
the solution to a problem presented in
a former article. The idea is to make the
resultant shape in one continuous line,
without lifting the pencil from the paper
and not crossing any line. Remember,
the screen is a substitute for a page of
quad-ruled graph paper. To see the
shape germinate, run the line, delete
lines 181 through 186, and run again
after entering each line separately.
Key in and run Line 190. This is the
reference point around which we will
create a design.
Key in and run Line 191. Around this
central point, we will create a diamond
two units per side. It was chosen to
move in invisible units to the left, BL2,
and create a design in a clockwise
direction.
Key in Line 192. We began at the
reference location and picked up our
point of departure by moving one
invisible unit in Direction H. We went
two units left, two units down and two
units right, L2D2R2, ending at ( 1 10, 1 30).
You've probably figured out that we
are going to add that shape to all four
points of the diamond.
Key in Line 194 and run. Key in and
run Line 195. We ended up at Point
(110,110). From lines 192 to 196, we
move without taking our imaginary
pencil from the paper.
Key in Line 196, beginning where we
left off in Line 195. Look at the line in
the listing to see how we created it and
where we ended, (110,130).
Continuing our design, we will make
a diagonal three units long emanating
outward, starting at the points where
the four arms of the one unit X end.
Key in Line 197. Beginning at
(110,130), we made a line three units
long in G direction and return to point
of origin, (110,130), NG3.
Key in Line 198. We made an invisible
line two units up, BU2; using NH3, we
made a line three units long in H direc-
tion and returned to the initial point.
Lines 199 and 200 complete the de-
sign. Put them on, one at a time, and
check them out.
Now, for homework. If you have the
guidelines in lines 80 and 90 set, mask
them with REM.
Remove the clutter. Type and run
DEL100-190. How about that?
Recall that we must use S40. We
wiped it out! Type EDIT191, press
ENTER and the space bar so that the
cursor is under 'C Press I for insert
mode and type 540; press ENTER. You
got it!
Change the location in lines 191 and
192 so that the design is centered on the
graph paper. After you center your
objet d'art, determine where your final
resting point is, or use your new central
reference point to create enhancements
to this design. If you prefer, copy this
shape onto real graph paper. From
either the listing or the screen, sketch
something out, van Gogh! Using your
new tool and program lines, transfer it
to the screen.
You can begin at any point you
choose, go in any direction you like,
skip around from area to area. This is
where I use a heavy pen. After the
sketch on real graph paper is finalized,
go over the lines boldly with the heavy
pen to accent the lines. It makes for easy
counting of line lengths and directions.
When you get something you like and
figure you can't work your will any
further, delete lines 20 through 90. Bye-
bye, graph paper. Hello, design! Re-
member, though, that it is not centered
on the screen! If you want to truly center
it, adjust it to center at (128,96).
Save your new graphic tool. Next
month we will continue to give Leo-
nardo da Vinci a bit of competition. □
The listing:
150
DRAW"BM20, 60NH2NE2NF2G2 "
0 1 GRAPHPAP
160
PSET(60,60,4)
5 CLEAR500
170
DRAW"BM60 , 60BLUR2D2L2U"
10 PMODE3,1:PCLS:SCREEN1,0
171
DRAW"BM60 , 60NLNHNUNENRNFNDG"
20 A$="D10R240":B$="D10L240"
180
DRAW"BM10 , 110U2"
30 C$="R10D160":D$="R10U160"
181
DRAW"EF"
40 E$=A$+B$+A$+B$:F$=C$+D$+C$+D$
182
DRAW"L2 "
5j3 DRAW"C2BM0,0D10R240D10L240D10
183
DRAWFG"
R240D10L240"+E$+E$+E$
184
DRAWR2H"
60 DRAW"BM0,0R10D160R10U160R10D1
185
DRAW'E"
60R10U160 "+F$+F$+F$+F$+F$
186
DRAW" D2 11
7 0 DRAW" C4 BM0 , 0R2 40 D 1 60 L2 40U1 60 "
190
PSET(120 / 120 / 1)
80 1 DRAW"C4BM0,40R240D40L240D40R
191
DRAW"C3BM120 / 120BL2E2F2G2H2"
240D40L240"
192
DRAW "BM120, 120BHL2D2R2"
90 ! DRAW"BM40,0D160R40U160R40D16
193
DRAW"D2R2U2 "
0R40U160R40D160"
194
DRAW"R2U2L2 "
95 PSET(20,20,4)
195
DRAW"U2L2D2"
100 DRAW f, S40C3BM10 / 20EFGH ,,
196
DRAW"FNFNEG"
110 DRAW"BM60, 20RDLU"
197
DRAW 11 NG 3 11
115 DRAW"BM100,20ULDR2DLU"
198
DRAW"BU2NH3 "
120 DRAW"BM130,20UR2D2L2U"
199
DRAW"BR2NE3"
130 DRAW"BM180 , 20NUNRNDL"
200
DRAW"BD2F3"
140 DRAW"BM220 / 20NU2ND2NL2NR2"
300
GOTO300 /R\
82
THE RAINBOW September 1988
Computer Island
BEYOND WORDS
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These Language Arts programs cover
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and Ley el 3 tests analogies, E^h
program has three parts and con-
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CONTEXT CLUES - 4 P 5. 6, 7
1SK Ext. - $17.B5 tape/S22.e5 disk
Each reading program contains
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32K Bet '$1ftfi6 tape/$a4-9S disk
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EQUATIONS TUTOR
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RAINBOW
CERTIFICATION
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Compute^
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Send for catalog with complete descriptions.
Please add $1 .00 per order for postage. N.Y. residents, please add proper tax. FREE set of BINARY DICE, including full directions, with
orders of 2 or more items.
Dealer Inquiries Invited.
TRS-80 Color Computer
All Payments in U.S. Funds
" U±ndow Waster"
A Point & Click Uindow System
for the rest of us fff
Fully Compatible with ff.S. Dos
Enhanced Basic, it does not need
or use QS-3, and you don ' t have to
be a Rocket Scientist or a PM.D,
to use Windows, Pull Down Menus,
Buttons, Icons, Edit fields or
House Functions in your Programs*
UUMlFkeys
P
Prwai Ke
Delete Key
Bisplay Keys
Save Keys
Load Keys
r
0P £ N;?CHR$ / aii ^ JL OlJL
BUTTON
OPEN 255,7
ai t UTHimu cube (M
GHI1EHU1 B AS
CONFIG BAS
CHECK BAS
AUTOEXEC BAS
CONFIG SYS
DRIVE 1
O B £
6 B 2
0 B 1
9 B 1
1 A 1
DRIVE 3
U indent Master
Finder VI. 9
lirit ten by Bill Very on a
Copyright Col 1388 by Cer-Comp Ltd
Screen Display Fonts
Window Master supports up to 54 different character sizes on
the screen with 5 different character styles. You can have Bold,
Italic, Underlined, Super-Script, Sub-script or Plain character
styles or any combination of them in any character size. You
can also change the text color and background at any time to get
really colorful displays.
Fully Basic Compatible
Window Master is fully compatible with Enhanced Color
Disk basic with over 50 Commands & functions added to fully
support the Point & Click Window System. Window Master
does not take any memory away from Basic, so you still have all
the Basic Program memory available.
Hi-Resolution Displays
Window Master uses the full potential of the Color
Computer 3 display by using the 225 vertical resolution display
modes instead of the 192 or 200 resolution modes like most
other programs. It uses either the 320/16 color mode or the
640/4 color display to give you the best display resolution
possible, and can be switched to either mode at any time.
Window Master Features
Multiple Windows
Window Master supports multiple window displays with up to
a maximum of 31 windows on the screen, Overlapping windows
are supported, and any window can be made active or brought to
the top of the screen. Windows can be picked up and moved
anywhere on the screen with the mouse. There are 6 different
Window styles to choose from and the window text, border and
background color is selectable.
Pull Down Menus
Menus are completely programmable with up to 16 menus
available. They can be added or deleted at any time in a
program. Menu items can be enabled, disabled, checked or
cleared easily under program control. Menu selection is
automatically handled by Window Master & all you have to do
is read a function variable to find out which menu was selected.
Buttons, Icons & Edit Fields
Each Window can have up to 128 buttons, Icons or Edit fields
active, if you can fit that many. Buttons, Icons and Edit field
selection is handled automatically by Window Master when the
mouse is clicked on one. All you have to do is read a Dialog
function to find out which Button, Icon, or Edit field was
selected, its very simple.
Mouse & Keyboard Functions
Window Master automatically handles the Mouse pointer
movement, display and button clicks. It will tell you the current
screen coordinate, the local window coordinate, window number
the mouse is in, the number of times the button was pressed,
which window number it was clicked in and more. The
Keyboard is completely buffered, and supports up to 80
programmable Function keys that can contain any kind of
information or command sequences you can imagine. You can
load and save function key sets at any time. So, you can have
special sets of function keys for different tasks. The "Ctrl" key is
supported so that you have a full control code keyboard
available.
ur i i una
CLEAR SCREEN
SOTS
BOX
CIRCLE
LINE
QUIT
LOAD
SAVE
IB, 1,60, 1,0,3,2,0
UIHOOU GRAPH
FOREGROUND
COLOR
DEHO
fcPHICS DEHO ~ g 5
IONS", "CLEAR SCR
", "CIRCLE", "LINE
OAD" , "SAVE"
30 WINDOU OPEN 1,44,16,1,06,1,0,
3,2,0, "UINDOU GRAPHICS DEMO"
40 MU=1 : ' MY UINDOU #=1
50 ON MENU GOSUB 540
7& MENU ON
86 PROTECT 3
86 ON DIALOG GOSUB 630: DIALOG 0
N
BREAK
OK
RUN
ENTER FILE TO SAVE
GAVE FILE
GFXTEST.PIC:£
Mixed Text & Graphics
Window Master fully supports both Text & Graphics displays
and even has a Graphics Pen that can be used with HLINE,
HCIRCLE, HSETand more. You can change the Pen width &
depth and turn it on or off with simple commands. We also
added Enhanced Graphics Attributes that allow graphics
statements to use And, Or, Xor and Copy modes to display
graphic information. With the Graphics enhancements added
by Window Master, you could write a "COCOMAX" type
program in Basic! In fact we provide a small graphics demo
program written in Basic.
Event Processing
Window Master adds a powerful new programming feature to
Basic that enables you to do "Real Time" Programming in Basic.
It's called Event Trapping, and it allows a program to detect and
respond to certain "events" as they occur. You can trap Dialog
activity, Time passage, Menu Selections, Keyboard activity and
Mouse Activity with simple On Gosub statements, and when the
specified event occurs, program control is automatically routed
to the event handling routine, just like a Basic Gosub. After
servicing the event, the sub-routine executes a Return statement
and the program resumes execution at the statement where the
event occured.
Enhanced Editing Features
Window Master adds an enhanced editor to Basic that allows
you to see what you edit. It allows you to insert & delete by
character or word, move left or right a word or character at a
time, move to begin or end of line, toggle automatic insert
on/off or just type over to replace characters. The editor can
also recall the last line entered or edited with a single key stroke.
You can even change the line number in line to copy it to a new
location in the program.
Window Master Applications
Window Master pushs the Color Computer 3 far beyond its
normal capabilities, into the world of a "User Friendly"
operating enviornment. We are already planning several new
programs for use with Window Master. So you don't have to
worry about having to write all your own programs. And don't
forget that many existing Basic and M.L. programs will run
under Window Master with little or no changes. The
Possibilities for Application programs are endless: Spread
Sheets, Word Processing, Communications, Education, Games,
Graphic Design, DeskTop Publishing and on and on.
Hardware Requirements
Window Master requires 512K of memory, at least 1 Disk
Drive, a Hi-Res Joystick Interface and a Mouse or Joystick.
Technical Assistance
If you run into difficulty trying to use some of Window
Master's features, we will be happy to assist you in any way
possible. You can write to us at the address below or call us
between 10am and 2pm Pacific Standard Time for a more timely
response. Sorry, no collect calls will be accepted.
Ordering Information
To order WINDOW MASTER by mail, send check or money
order for $69.95, plus $3.00 for shipping & handling to the
address below. To order by VISA, MASTERCARD or COD
call us at (702)-452-O632
(Monday thru Saturday, 8am to 5pm PST)
CER-COMP Ltd.
5566 Ricochet Avenue
Las Vegas, Nevada 89110
(702)-452-0632
FILES jl | » ■
New
Open
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May 1988
HON
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Call for availability of 128K version!
BAS I Cally Sp e ak i ng
]
This issue marks the premiere
monthly technical column just for
BASIC hackers. If you are working on
a BASIC program that has you
[stumped, write in to Bill for a fix. He
cm help solve your programming
problems^
Easy Erasure
D^r Bill:
I know this may sound simple, but
I'm stumped. I'm writing a graphics
program that has pictures as well as text
on the screen. I have no trouble erasing
the text when I need to. I just redraw
it in the background color to make it
disappear. My trouble comes when I
want to remove larger items from the
screen. Drawing them again would take
up too much time and memory. How
can I accomplish this and still keep the
number of lines to a minimum?
Keith Steffen
Boise, ID
Dear Keith:
As a matter of fact, this very question
used to puzzle me. Until I did some
research and experimenting, I used to
erase my pictures by using the LINE
command, drawing lines back and forth
across the picture in the background
color. Needless to say, this took more
time and memory than I wanted to
spend. Here's how I solved it.
Let's suppose my picture, in this case
a picture of a car and two circles, is
drawn (with DRAW) at Coordinate
50,125 and is about 125 pixels long by
65 pixels high. Your first step is to form
a box around the object you want
erased. Using the LINE command, start
at coordinates that are just a bit larger
than the object. For example, you could
begin your box at Coordinate 48,127 —
which would put you two pixels to the
left and two pixels below your picture.
Next, end your box at Coordinate
177,58, which would extend the box two
pixels to the right and two pixels above
your picture. Here's the syntax:
LINE (48,127)- (177,58) ,P5ET,B
Bill Bernico is the author of over 200
Color Computer programs and is a
frequent rainbow contributor whose
hobbies include golf writing music and
programming. Bill is a drummer in a
rock band and lives in Sheboygan,
Wisconsin.
BASICally
a k i n g
By Bill Bernico
Rainbow Contributing Editor
The B at the end of your line will draw
a box around your picture. While you
still haven't erased the picture yet, at
least now you know how big to make
the box in order to completely surround
it. Keep in mind you may not always
know how big your picture is just by
looking at it, so you may have to sur-
round the object. Once you have the
box the size you need, change the
program line to read like this:
L I NE ( 48 , 127 ) - ( 177 , 58 ) , PRESET , BF
You will notice that P5ET was changed
to PRESET and B was changed to BF.
PRESET changes your box to the back-
ground color, which makes it invisible.
BF, or background fill, fills in that box
with the background color almost as the
PAINT command does. To get a better
idea of what's really happening, leave
the BF but change PRESET back to PSET
and try it again. The object will be
surrounded but will be filled in with the
foreground color. Now do you see
what's happening? The short program
in Listing 1 will help demonstrate this
process.
Debugging Demo
Dear Bill:
I typed in your English font program
from the May '88 issue f 4 Ye Olde Font, "
Page 36]. It's a neat concept and I
wanted to try my own version but I can 't
get it to work. I keep getting an FC
Error when I try to run it. Can you tell
me what I'm doing wrong? I've enclosed
a printout for you to examine. Thanks
for your help.
Ricky Geason
Los Alamos, NM
Dear Ricky:
I looked over your listing and found
that you have the steps in the right
order. The three steps, as you know, are
to define the contents of A$ (or what you
want the message to say), to define
where that message will appear on the
screen by including the DRAW statement
with horizontal and vertical coordinates
— so far, so good — and to BOSUB to
the routine that does the actual drawing
of the letters on the graphics screen.
Since you did those steps correctly, I
have to assume that what you are trying
to draw is incorrectly defined. In Listing
2, I have included a segment of your
program as written.
If you will look at your listing once
more, you will see that in Line 350 you
defined A$(65), the ASCII symbol for
a capital A, so that it will draw off the
screen, creating that FC (function call)
Error. You probably meant to type in
"U8R4D8U4L4D4BR8". Instead, you
inadvertently entered "U800R4D8U4L
4D4BRB".
It's an easy enough mistake to make.
But when you got to Part 3, the GOSUB,
that routine told the program to go to
DRAW Coordinate 10,10 and start draw-
ing up 800 pixels. Since you were al-
ready at a vertical coordinate of 10,
drawing up 800 pixels put you off the
top of the screen, causing the FC Error
in Line 700.
So, you see, the error message doesn't
always point to the line with the actual
error. It stopped on Line 700 because
that's where the drawing was taking
place. Let's look at Line 700 and see just
how it's done. Maybe it will help you to
understand the procedure a little better.
Line 700 starts by making a FOR-
NEXT loop to scan the entire contents of
A$ by checking the length (LEN). Each
character is temporarily stored in the
Variable X. Next, the MID$ function
checks A$ for each of the values stored
in X and assigns it to Variable Y. The
third step is to do the actual drawing of
A$(Y), which contains each character
within the original A$. The FOR -NEXT
loop is continued until all characters in
86 THE RAINBOW September 1988
fl$ are checked, assigned and drawn before it returns to see
if another line containing fi$ has been defined.
A good way to find which line has the error is to modify
Line 610. The easiest way would be to shorten fi$ by one
character at a time. For example, have R$ contain the letters
A through F and try it. If there's still an error, try A through
E, A through D, A through C, and so on until the error no
longer shows up. When that happens, you'll know that the
last character you omitted from R$ was the troublemaker and
can easily modify that particular line.
The debugging procedure can even get to be fun after a
while. You may discover through trial and error new and
exciting ways of doing what used to be bothersome. □
Listing 1:
lj3 PM0DE4,1:PCLS1:SCREEN1, l:COLO
110,1
20 CIRCLE(20,20) ,15
30 CIRCLE (200, 170) ,15
40 DRAW M BM50,125R20U10R20D10R45U
10R20D10R20U35L30U30L75D30L20D35
50 PAINT(55,115) ,0,0
60 FOR X=l TO 2000:NEXT X
70 LINE(48, 127)-(177, 58) , PRESET,
BF
80 DRAW"BM70,80U2L4D8R4U3L2BD3BR
6U8R4D8L4BR7U8D2F4U6D8BR3NR4U4NR
3U4R4
90 GOTO 90
Listing 2:
10 DIMA$(90) :PMODE4,l:PCLSl:SCRE
EN1 , 1 : COLOR0 , 1
20 ' . . .
30 «...
40 1 . • .
350 A$(65)=»U8R4D8U4L4D4BR8
3 60 A$ ( 6 6 ) = "U8 R3 FD2GNL3 FD2 GL3 BR8
370 A$(67)="BUU6ER2FBD6GL2BR7
380 A$(68)="U8R3FD6GL3BR8
390 A$(69)="NR4U4NR3U4R4BD8BR4
400 A$(70)="U4NR3U4R4BD8BR4
410 f ...
420 ■ . • .
430 1 . . .
610 A$="ABCDEF" : DRAW"BM10 , 10" : GO
SUB700
620 1 ...
630 1 . . .
640 GOTO 640
700 FOR X=l TO LEN(A$) :Y=ASC(MID
$ (A$ , X, 1) ) : DRAW A$(Y) :NEXT:RETUR
N
Q ucstic.is a bout specific b ask pro, ramming problems
can be addressed to BASICally Speaking, the R^iNBOWi
P.O. Box 385, Prospect KY 40059.
We reserve the right to publish only questibiis of general
interest and to edit for brevity and clarity. We are unable
to answer letters individually.
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September 1988 THE RAINBOW 87
CoCo Consultations
y this and in future
M "CoCo C&timl^dns,* 1
JL m %/ I will be trying some-
thing new. In addition to the
familiar Q & A column, I will also
include tidbits of information
contributed by various folks and,
in some cases, comment on the
information. Thus, even if you
don't have a question, I invite you
to send in any little hints or de-
scriptions of experiences you have
had with the CoCo that you think
might be of interest to the Co Co-
owning public in general.
o
A Fix for the TW-80
I noticed that the TW-80 won 't load
anything other than ASCII text files.
That is, it won't load an ASCII BASIC
program. Here's the fix: Take a backup
copy of your configured TW-80 disk,
typt L OR DM "DISK MENU " and press
ENTER. Now type PRINT HEX-
$(PEEK(&H2285) ) and press ENTER.
You should get the number 27. Type
PRINT HEX$(PEEK(&H243D) ) and
press ENTER. You should get back the
number 26. If you do not get back those
numbers, you have a different version
of TW-80 and should stop here. If you
do get back those numbers, then type
the following, pressing enter after each
line:
POKE &H2285, &H20
POKE &H24SD, &H21
SRVEM"DISKMENU'\ &H2000,
&H3818.&H2000
This should fix the problem.
Mike Ward
(M1KEWARD)
Mikeyterm author
Coral Gables, FL
Martin H Goodman, M.D., a physi-
cian trained in anesthesiology, is a
longtime electronics tinkerer and out-
spoken commentator — sort of the
Howard Cosell of the CoCo world. On
Delphi, Marty is the SIGop of RAIN-
BOW'S CoCo SIG and database man-
ager of OS-9 Online. His non-computer
passions include running, mountaineer-
ing and outdoor photography. Marty
lives in San Pablo, California.
CONSULTATIONS
By Marty Goodman
Rainbow Contributing Editor
Printer Hookup
How does one hook a printer that has
only a parallel C Centronics") port to a
Color Computer?
Edward Jr. Rosi, Jr.
Lake Park, FL
Color Computers normally hook to
printers via their serial ports. Thus, to
hook up a parallel printer, you need to
purchase a Serial-to-Parallel Converter.
Several companies advertise such de-
vices in RAINBOW. They tend to cost
about $50 with cables. If you are in an
area that features computer swap meets,
you may be able to get a deal on a high-
quality Microfazer or other brand of
converter that has a built-in printer
buffer as well. Note that some of the less
expensive converters often have prob-
lems operating properly at the higher
(4800 and 9600) baud rates.
OS-9 users have another option.
They can purchase a Disto parallel
printer adapter device or a Disk Con-
troller from J&M that has such a port
built in. This port can then be used
under OS-9 with supplied driver soft-
ware. Unfortunately, it is far harder to
use any of those ports with programs
that run under Radio Shack Disk
BASIC.
Showing the Colors
I have an RGB monitor that cannot
show most of the CoCo 3's colors. It is
the kind that has not only R, G and B
inputs, but an I (intensity) input as well.
How can I get it to show more colors
on my CoCo 3?
Rick Weshenfelder
Pell Lake, WI
I'm afraid your monitor is one of the
many that provide only for RGB
digital-type (IBM CGA standard)
input, not the analog capability re-
quired by the CoCo 3. There is no way
to modify the CoCo 3 to make this
monitor show more than the six colors
plus black and white you are getting
now. If you have a schematic for the
monitor and a moderate understanding
of video circuitry, it should be relatively
easy to modify the monitor internally to
provide it with an RGB analog input.
Usually this involves removing the
digital input circuitry and feeding the R,
G and B signals directly into the bases
of the transistors at the start of the
analog RGB part of the monitor's
insides. Sometimes some amount of
biasing of the input signals is needed,
too. However, I fear if you have to ask
how to do it, you'd better not even try.
Unless you're a fearless and knowledge-
able electronics hacker, your only alter-
native is to buy another monitor that
comes with RGB analog input capabil-
ities.
Monitoring the CoCo 3
Will a Thompson 4120 RGB monitor
work properly with a CoCo 3?
Bob Zukerman
(ELVIS2)
Jackson Heights, NY
The Thompson model 4120 monitor
will accept analog RGB signals and will
work properly with a CoCo 3 once you
make up the proper custom video cable
for it. The monitor also accepts
composite video inputs, allowing you to
view games in PMDDE4 artifact colors —
a nice plus. It also has the option of
working with an IBM CGA-type video
signal (digital RGB I-type video). Thus,
it is a nice, flexible monitor.
On the negative side, its screen reso-
lution is limited by a dot width of .51
mm. This is a bit coarse and, in my
opinion, not quite acceptable for de-
cently sharp 80-column display. Note
88
THE RAINBOW September 1988
that this is the same dot width as that
used by Tandy's CM-8 monitor. The
Thompson is excellent for displaying
CoCo 3 graphics, but might be just a bit
blurry when used to display 80-column
text. Note also the Magnavox 8CM-515
monitor that I — and many others —
frequently recommend has all the input
flexibility of the Thompson but features
a dot width of .41 mm, which results in
a visibly sharper, crisper display of 80-
column text. Magnavox 8CM-515s are
available from a lot of rainbow adver-
tisers, too. So unless you're getting an
exceptional deal on the Thompson, I'd
suggest you get a Magnavox instead.
Where's the Audio?
Where inside a Co Co 2 do I grab line
level audio?
Roger Bouchard
(HA RBI E)
Montreal, Que.
On all models of CoCo 2 you can find
a line level audio signal on Pin 1 of the
20-pin custom DAC chip (often labeled
SC77526P). I recommend grabbing the
signal there, feeding it through a 1000-
ohm resistor to attenuate it a bit and
protect the CoCo sound circuit, then
running a .022-mfd capacitor to ground
from the other side of that resistor to act
as a filter to reduce high-frequency hiss.
Board Population
Will it do any harm if I populate a
CoCo 5 12 K board with 15 120-ns NEC
brand 41256 memory chips and one
150-ns NEC memory chip?
Aaron Wadkins
Kernersville, NC
I doubt you'll have any problem.
Note that the speed rating on the chip
specifies the minimum access time the
chip will work. at. The CoCo 3, in
theory, demands chips that work at
around 140-ns access time, but due to
other, more subtle aspects of the timing
in NEC chips, even those rated at 150-
ns access time tend to work quite well
in CoCo 3 memory upgrade boards.
Pin Compatibility
Is it true that the latest Radio Shack
FD502 disk controllers now are using
28-pin ROMs that are pin-for-pin com-
patible with 2764-type EPROMs?
Art Flexser
(ARTFLEXSER)
ADOS author
It's true! It's true!
Beware of Cats Drinking Coffee!
I own a CoCo 3-type keyboard made
by Tandy on which my cat spilled
coffee. Now most of the keys no longer
work. I tried to rinse it with alcohol, but
this did not fix the problem. Can you
save me the $30 that a new keyboard
costs with any advice?
John Gordon
(TICTOC)
Woodside t NY
To have any chance of fixing that
keyboard, you must open it up com-
pletely. This is a tedious matter, involv-
ing the removal of a couple of dozen
tiny screws that hold the back metal
plate on. Then you must very carefully
remove the mylar sheet that constitutes
the keyboard circuitry. Gently unfold
this sheet, and clean it by soaking it in
lukewarm water that has a small
amount of liquid dishwashing detergent
in it. Then rinse it off thoroughly with
lukewarm water. Be careful not to scrub
it, since that can remove the irreplace-
able, flexible circuit material printed on
the mylar. This approach allows the
water to get to the area between the
folds in the mylar, which is the critical
contact area. It is possible that gentle
wiping of the inner surfaces of the mylar
and the printed circuit material on that
mylar will help, but I'd again be very
careful not to rub that printed circuit
material off. Alcohol will not hurt the
mylar, but be sure not to use acetone!
Frankly, though, for coffee (and sugar
and cream?), just plain detergent and
water is probably best.
By the way, your question reminds
me of one of the best and oldest Com-
puter Repairperson jokes I've ever
heard: "It says in the instructions for my
computer that there is nothing I can
enter into the keyboard that can harm
the computer. The other day I entered
a milkshake into the keyboard . . ."
Your technical questions are wel-
comed. Please address them to CoCo
Consultations, the rainbow, P.O. Box
385, Prospect, KY 40059.
We reserve the right to publish only
questions of general interest and to edit
for brevity and clarity. Due to the large
volume of mail we receive, we are unable
to answer letters individually.
Questions can also be sent to Marty
through the Delphi CoCo SIG. From the
CoCo SIG> prompt, pick Rainbow
Magazine Services, then, at the RAIN-
BOW> prompt, type ASK (for Ask the
Experts) to arrive at the EXPERTS>
prompt, where you can select the "CoCo
Consultations" online form which has
complete instructions.
TANDY COMPUTERS
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Tandy 1 400LT 768 K 2 Drives 1 285.00
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MONITORS & BOARDS
VM-4 Monochrome Green 95.00
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EGM-1 Color RGB (EGA) 510.00
VGM-1 00 Monochrome Analog 169.00
VGM-200 Color Analog 425.00
VGM-300 Color Analog 535.00
Tandy Dual Display Card 145.00
Tandy EGA Card 185.00
Paradise Basic EGA Card 135.00
Zucker Mono Graphics Card 75.00
DRIVES
Color Computer Drive 0 225.00
5 1/4" External Drive 1000EX 180.00
3 1/2" External Drive 1000EX 200.00
Tandy 20 Meg Hardcard 509.00
Tandy 40 Meg Hardcard 679.00
Zycker 30 Meg Hardcard 435.00
Seagate 20 Meg Hard Drive 265.00
Tandy 1000/SX7TX Controller 80.00
ZUCKER BOARDS
Zucker Serial Board 45.00
Zucker OK Memory Board 1000 47.00
Zucker MFB OK for 1000 106.00
Zucker 1200 Baud Modem Card 75.00
PRINTERS
DMP-106 Dot-Matrix 165.00
DMP-1 32 Dot-Matrix 285.00
DWP-230 Daisy Wheel 349.00
Epson LX-800 Dot-Matrix 205.00
Epson FX-850 Dot-Matrix 375.00
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Epson LQ-500 Dot-Matrix 375.00
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Please write for complete price list.
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p
EH
in
19
1
September 1988 THE RAINBOW 89
For Tandy 1000, SX, TX
1000, SX, TX
Hard Drive
Kits
10 Meg
20 Meg
30 Meg
40 Meg
$279.95
$339.95
$379.95
$499.95
1000, SX, TX
Cards
300/1200 Modem $119.95
300/1200/2400
Modem
Mini IO
2 Meg Board
$149.95
$79.95
$169.95
Tandy 3000 & 3000HL
Hard Drive Kits
Includes Drive, Controller & Cable
20 Meg
30 Meg
40 Meg
80 Meg
$399.95
$599.95
$699.95
$999.95
1000, SX, TX
TANDY
^ 1000, SX, TX
49 Meg Hard Card
32 MS (speed)
$599.95
TANDY 1000
1000, SX, TX, 3000, 4000
2nd Floppy
360K
720K
3V 2 "
TEAC $119.95
If
Mitsubishi $99.95
Mitsubishi $119.95
Tandy Model 3, 4, 4P
Hard Drive Systems
External
Complete - ready to run
10 Meg $499.95
20 Meg $699.95
1000, SX, TX
Rodime
NEW
Cardinal
Modems
2400 Baud 300/ 1200/2400
(Hayes Compatible)
Complete with software manuals
only $149.95
1000, 1000A
Memory Cards
Zucker Memory
• DMA&512K CALL
Zucker Multifunction
• Serial
• Real Time Clock
• 512K DMA pAI I
• Software OMI_l_
Tandy 1000,
1000SX,
3000 & 3000HL
Tape Backup
20, 30, 40 Meg
Tape Backup
60 Meg Tape Backup
Archive
$399.95
$659.95
TRUE DATA PRODUCTS
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NEW
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CoCo Checker.. .Test roms, rams, disk drives and & controller printer, keyboard cassette & more.
Tape/Disk Utility...Transfers disk to tape and tape to disk.
169
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Drive 0
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189
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Other Drive Specials
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for new Radio Shack
includes:
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Drives cleaned, aligned & tested, 29
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Full Ht Drive 89 95
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1 W is hing Weti
If you have an idea for the fi Wishing
Well/' submit it to Fred c/o the
rainbow. Remember, keep your
ideas specific, and don 't forget this is
BASIC. All programs resulting from
your wishes are f®K your use, but
remain the property of the author.
Last month I introduced a lengthy
BASIC listing called Opposites,
which was designed to teach
some basic vocabulary words and oppo-
site concepts to younger, elementary-
aged students. For months I have been
promising you a real game, so this
month we will incorporate the best
features of last month's educational
program with all the real elements of a
game the whole family, ages 6 to 60, can
play. The game is called Match Game
of Opposites.
The Purpose
As you may recall, last month's pro-
gram was designed to train younger
students how to associate certain oppo-
site concepts with pictures illustrating
the action or object. When it came to
the quiz part, however, the user needed
only to match from three choices on the
screen. In many cases this is easy, since
the student might just match pictures.
With repeated use the student eventu-
ally learns the words as well.
This new game, however, is designed
to take those skills one step further,
since up to 16 possible choices exist on
the screen at one time. There is even an
option that blocks out the graphics, so
the student must play the game knowing
only the words. In other words, even
though this game can be played just for
fun by all ages, it provides an educa-
tional value using the skills covered last
month.
Playing the Game
You all remember the TV game show,
Concentration. This game works on the
same principle. There are 16 boxes on
Fred Scerbo is a special needs instructor
for the North Adams Public Schools in
North Adams, Massachusetts. He holds
a master's in education and has pub-
lished some of the first software avail-
able for the Color Computer through
his software firm, Illustrated Memory
Banks.
92 THE RAINBOW September 1988
A Concentration-like
game for the entire
family, based on last
month's program,
Opposites
Opposite
Attraction
By Fred B. Scerbo
Rainbow Contributing Editor
the screen. Two players are required for
the game. Each takes a turn uncovering
two boxes. If a match is discovered, the
two boxes will be awarded to that
player. The trick in this game, much like
the TV show, is to remember where you
saw a certain picture or word on the
screen.
Unlike the TV show, however, you
are not looking for identical matches.
Instead, you are looking for opposites.
Also, the TV show gives you another try
if you get a match. This I have changed.
Since there are only eight possible
matches, a really lucky player might
clear the board before the other player
gets many tries. This ensures that the
final score is not a total wipeout. (Since
the last player gets the last match, even
a loser scores some points. This is
important when working with young
students who might be upset at a wipe-
out.)
A flashing box surrounds each
square. You may move the box with the
arrow keys to make your selection.
Pressing enter selects a box, and each
player selects two. The boxes are then
revealed. If a match occurs, they are
awarded to the player (1 or 2). You may
continue with game play by pressing the
space bar.
When the screen is clear, pressing the
space bar gives you the final score.
Since there are over 40 graphics in the
program (the same as last month's), and
only 16 are shown at one time, the game
is never the same twice. There is enough
of an assortment to keep it interesting.
That's all there is to it. As I men-
tioned, even adults will enjoy this game.
Its greatest value is in the fact that an
adult can play against a child. This
offers one more opportunity for parent-
child interaction, which is so valuable
today.
«
Saving Some Time
If you typed in last month's program
{Opposite Concepts Vol 7), you may
use some of the data from that program
to save yourself some typing time.
Here's what you do:
1. Load in last month's program.
2. Type DEL 0-390 and press
ENTER.
3. Type DEL 795- and press ENTER.
4. Delete lines: 400 500 600 700
410 510 610 710
420 520 620 720
430 530 630 730
440 540 640 740
450 550 650 750
460 560 660 760
470 570 670 770
480 580 680 780
490 590 690 790
(These are data lines containing
information we do not need in this
program. Simply type DEL followed
by the line number and press ENTER
to delete it.)
5. Type RENUM 110 , 395 , 0 and press
ENTER. This will renumber the lines
to match the new program.
6. Important! Retype lines 190 and
195 as they appear in the new listing.
You are now ready to type in the rest
of the program. This will save you some
time if you went to the trouble of typing
in last month's longer listing rather than
buying rainbow on tape or disk.
Be sure to save this program with a
different filename than last month's
program, especially if you are using a
disk.
An Error?
Since these DfiTfl lines are quite long,
if you are receiving this program on
rainbow on tape or disk and resave
the file in ASCII, be sure to check Line
165 [It's packed!]. Some of it may get
chopped off in loading. The end of Line
165 should be R12, not Rl. You may edit
the correction into the line if it is
missing. (This quirk only occurs if you
resave the file in ASCII.) You may also
need to make the same change in Line
505 in last month's program. This
prevents the letter T in the word RIGHT
from being chopped off.
If you are typing in the listing, you
will notice that the cursor freezes before
you reach the end of this "packed" line.
At this point, go ahead and press
ENTER. Then type EDIT 165 and press
X for extend. Type in the last few
characters and press ENTER. [This tech-
nique of packing lines is not recom-
mended, however.]
Conclusion
I think you will enjoy this game. Even
if you do not have youngsters, you will
find that the game can be a great deal
of fun, especially if you try it without
the graphics clues. (Then it is really
tough!)
Next month we will continue with
another installment in this series: a
tutorial on using the MERGE command
with our listings. Until then, keep your
ideas coming in. □
40 36
90 180
135 62
160 159
190 135
210 105
235 42
260 191
290 92
335 96
415 13
500 209
570 70
END 213
The listing: MfiTCH
1 REM***************************
2 REM* MATCH GAME OF OPPOSITES *
3 REM* COPYRIGHT (C) 1988 *
4 REM* BY FRED B. SCERBO *
5 REM* 60 HARDING AVENUE *
6 REM* NORTH ADAMS, MA 01247 *
INC-
D8/DD
DISKS
H4S/100
10/44.95
IPPY DISKS 10/»7.95
FACTORY PUNCHED-USE BOTH SIDES. •75/100
CERTIFIED ERROR FREE, i/ SLEEVES, LABELS. M.P.
PRINTER RIBBONS
APPLE IHAGE MR ITER
APPLE IH.HR.II 4 COLOR
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COMMODORE HPS 901
COMMODORE MPS 803
COMMODORE 1926
DIABLO MYTVPE II - M/9
EP80N MXB0/86E
EPSON BPECTRUH LXBB/99
8EMINI 19/8/80, BLACK
OEM COLORS R-B-0~BR-PUR
NEC P2/P6 FILM
NEC P3/P7 FILM
OK I DATA 89/82/99/92 - BEE
OKI.MICROLINE 192/192
R.8. DMP139, BLACK
COLORB RED-BLU-BREEN
8TAR ML /NX/ 19, BLACK
STAR RADIX 19, BLACK
OTHER RIBBON8 AVAILABLE.
6/927.90
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BEMINI
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CALL OR WRITE.
R.9. DMP119
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1
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ALL ITEMS 100% GUARANTEED
Add $2.50 S/H in U.S.A. - Canada Add $3.50 + $ 1.00/LB
Michigan Residents Add 4% Sales Tax
Send Check/Money Order Payable to:
DATAMATCH , INC.
3 9020 Hemingway, Redford, Ml 48239 Mtiti
(313) 937-1313 HRl!
7 REM***************************
8 PCLEAR8
9 CLEAR3j3j3j3
1J8 CLS0:PRINTSTRING$(64,22j3) ; : FO
RI=1T02 5 6 : READA :'PRINTCHR$ ( A+12 8 )
; : NEXT: PRINTS TRING$ (64 ,211) ;
15 DATA46,46,42,46, 44, 42,46,46,4
2,46,45,3 6,4 2,37,40,101,108,108,
1J31, 108 , 109 , 101, 109 , 109 , 101, 108 ,
108,53,60,58,48,48
20 DATA42, 42 ,42,43,35,42, ,42, ,42
,, ,43, 39,, 101, ,99,101,99,103,101
,101,101,101, 99,99,53,51,58,51,5
1
25 DATA42, ,42,42,32,42, ,42, ,42,3
3, ,42, 37,, 101, ,101, 101,, 101, 101,
,101, 101, ,,48, ,,59, 51
"I cannot imagine the CoCo 3 without ADOS-3;
it would not be a complete machine."
The RAINBOW, July 1987
You've moved up to a CoCo 3. A powerful new machine. Now, it's time to
give BASIC a shot in the arm, with ADOS-3. Wouldn't it be nice to turn on your
machine and be greeted by an 80-column display, in the colors of your
choice, with your own custom startup message? To run routinely at 2 MHz
(double speed) without having to slow down for disk and printer operations?
This and much, much more is possible with ADOS-3, our CoCo 3 adaptation
of the acclaimed original ADOS, which shares the original's virtual 100%
compatibility with commercial software. After customizing ADOS-3 using the
provided configuring utility, you can have it burned Info an ERROM fhaf plugs
into the Disk BASIC ROM socket or just use it in RAM as a disk utility. (EPROM
+ burning will cost S 15-20; we provide information concerning how you can
have this done.) Supports double-sided drives (35, 40, or 80 tracks). FAST and
SLOW commands, auto line number prompts, RUNM command, keystroke
macros, arrow-key scroll through BASIC programs, auto-edit of error line, and
many more valuable features.
"ON A SCALE OF 1 TO 10, I RATE ADOS-3 A SOLID 15." RAINBOW, 7/67
Disk . , . $34.95 Original ADOS for CoCo 1 or 2 . . . $27.95 (See 6/87 RAINBOW review)
Original ADOS plus ADOS-3 $50.00
THE PEEPER
ML program tracer that multitasks with the target program. An excellent
learning tool for the ML novice; an invaluable debugging aid for the expert.
CoCo 1, 2, or 3 compatible.
Disk . . . $23.95 Assembler source listing . , . Add $3.00
MONITOR CABLES for CoCo 3
Magnavox8CM515/8CM505/8CM643 . ,
SonyKV1311CR
11111 N.
$uite A1(
Send Card Number & E«p. Dele
Win. Gherfle Qrd&r
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SPECTROSY^EMS^Ovrr- We aios
Z. x Miami. Florida 33176
{305} 274-3899Day or Eve
No delay on personal checks • Please add $2.00 shipping* Sorry, no credit cards or COD's.
September 1988 THE RAINBOW 93
3j3 DATA40, ,40, 40, ,40,36,44, ,44,4
4 , 36 , 40 , 36 , 4)3 , 100 , 108 , 108 , 100 , , 1
00,100, ,100,100,108,108, , , ,56,
35 DATA126, 124, 124, 125, 117, 124,1
24 , 122 , 126 , 124 , 125 , 117 , 124 , 124 , 1
25 , 117 , 124 , 124 , 124 , 116 , 126 , 117 , 1
24,126,125,117,124,124,117,124,1
24,124
40 DATA122 ,., ,117,117,115,115,122
,123,115,119,117, , ,117,117,115,1
15,115, ,122, , ,122, ,117,115,114,1
17,115,115,115
45 DATA122 , , , 117 , 117 , , , , 122 , , , 11
7 , , , 117 , , , , 117 , , 122 , , , 122 , , 117 , ,
, , , , 117
50 DATA124,124,124,124,116, , ,32,
120, , ,116,124,124,124,116,124,12
4,124,116,124, ,116,124, ,116,124,
124,116,124,124,124
55 PRINT@422," BY FRED B.SCERBO
" ; :PRINT@454," COPYRIGHT (C) 1
988 "; :PRINT@486, " GRAPHICS (Y O
R N)?
60 X$=INKEY$ : X=RND (-TIMER) :IFX$=
" "THEN60
65 IFX$="Y"THEN GR=1:GOTO80
70 IFX$="N"THEN GR=0:GOTO80
75 GOTO60
80 DIM SC(2) ,M(2) ,HH(2) ,W(2) ,H(
4) ,V(4) ,K$(4,4),K(4,4,2) ,P$(40) ,
P(16) ,B$(20) ,C$(20) ,A(20) ,N(40) ,
B(4) ,C(4) ,D(4) ,E(4) ,F(4) ,AO(20)
85 FORI=1TO40 :READP$ (I) :NEXT
90 COLOR1,0:P$(16)=P$(15) :P$(15)
=P$(15)+"BU28BR4F6NU16NE6U2NH4NE
4BD38BL6NR10D4NR10D6BR18NU10BR8U
10R10D4L10R4F6BR6R10U6L10U4R10BR
6R6ND10R6"
95 P$(16)=P$(16)+"BU24BR74F6NU16
NE6U2NH4NE4BD44BL74NU10R8BR6U6NR
10U4R10D10BR6R10U6L10U4R10BR6R6N
D10R6"
100 CLS0
105 GOT0315
110 DATA"BR60BD4F20L10D24L20U24L
10E20BD52BL14D10R10U10BR8ND10R10
D6L10"
115 DATA"BR60BD4L10D24L10F20E20L
10U24L10BD52BL32R4ND10R10D10L14B
R2 0U10R10D10NL10BR6NU10R6NU8R6NU
10BR6U10F10U10"
120 DATA"BR16BD20R80M-4,+20L36M-
4 , - 1 8 NL3 6 BR1 2 BU4 E 4UH4UE 4 BR10G4 DF
4DG4BR10E4UH4UE4BD50BL50D10U6R10
U4D10BR8U10R10D10NL10BR12U10L6R1
2"
125 DATA"BR60BD20L4ND6L6ND2L4ND4
L2M+16 , +32M+16 , -32L16R4ND8R6ND4R
6L2U4H2U2H2L2H2L12G2L2G2D2G2D4BD
3 6BL10L10D10R10BR8U10R10D10NL10B
R8NU10R10BR6R14U10L14R4D10"
130 DATA"BR10BD14R26F4D16G4L22NU
24D24L4R2 6E4U16H4BR12U24NL4NR4D4
8NL4R4BR10H4U40E4R16F4D10BD10NL1
6D20G4L14BR24R4U30R4U10R2U10E2U6
RD6F2D10R2D10R4D30R4L22BR8BU2U24
BR4D24"
135 DATA" BR38BD56D8R4BR4U8BR4R2N
D8R2BR4R2ND8R2BR4D8R4BR4NR4U4NR4
U4 NR4 BU6 BL6H4 L4U 2NR4 D2 L4 NUND4 L4U
2L4D2R4NH6L2G4"
140 DATA"BR24BD3 6E12G6F20R20E20F
6H12BL14H2G4L4H4G2BU10BL4NU4L2U6
E4R2BR2 6L2G4D6L2U4BD56BL4 6U10D4R
10U4D10BR6U10NR10D4R10U4D10BR6U1
0R10D4L10D6BR16U10R10D4L10BR18BD
6U6NH4NE4"
145 DATA"BR34BD50H12F6E12R3 6F12G
6E12BU16BL28H2G4L4H4G2BU10BL4NU4
L2U6E4R2BR2 6L2G4D6L2U4BD58BL34R1
0U6L10U4R10BR6NR10D4NR10D6BR10NU
10BR6R4U10L4R14D10L10"
150 DATA"BR20BD22D20M+30,+10NU20
R50U20NL50M-30,-10ND8L50M+30,+10
M-30,-10E20R50G20L10NE20L10NE20L
10NE20L10NE20BD34BR6NR10D10R10NU
10BR6U10R6D4L6D6BR12NR6U6NR6U4R6
BR6ND10F10U10"
155 DATA"BR12BD16D20M+30,+10NU20
R60U20NL60M-30,-10L60M+30,+10R12
M-30 , -10R12M+30 , +10R12M-30 , -10R1
2M+30 , +10BD40BL78NR10U10R10BD10B
R6NU10R8BR6U10R10D10NL10BR6R10U6
L10U4R10BR6NR6D4NR6D6R6BR6R4NU10
R10U10L14"
160 DATA"BR90BD52U2E8U32H4L4G2D1
0F2R4E4BL12U12H4L4G4D12F4R4E4BL1
2U12H4L4G4D12F4R4E4BL12U12H4L4G4
D12F4R4E4BL12D2G4L4M-10 , -6M-10 , -
2L2G4D4M+8 , +4D2M+20 , +12F10M+6 , +2
F2BE10H10M-8 , -3BD36BL20NU10R10BR
6NR8U6NR8U4R8BR6NR10D4NR10D6BR22
U10L6R12"
165 DATA"BR2 8BD52U2H8U32E4R4F2D1
0G2L4H4BR12U12E4R4F4D12G4L4H4BR1
2U12E4R4F4D12G4L4H4BR12U12E4R4F4
D12G4L4H4BR12D2F4R4M+10 , -6M+10 , -
2R2F4D4M-8 ,+4D2M-20 , +12G14G2BH10
E10M+8 , -3BD24BL40ND10R10D4L10R4F
6BR6NU10BR6U10NR10D10R10U6NL4BR6
NU4ND6R10U4D10BR10U10L6R12 "
170 DATA"BR30BD6D34R4E2U10R12F4R
12E4R12F4D12R10U20H8L18H4L4U8R12
U4L28D4R12D8L4G4L12U8H2L4BM+60,+
40F4D4G2L4H2U4E4BL54BD10D10R6NU8
R6NU10BR6NR8U6NR8U4R8BR6R6ND10R6
it
175 DATA"BR30BD6D34R4E2U10R12F4R
12E4R12F4D12R10U20H8L18H4L4U8R12
U4L28D4R12D8L4G4L12U8H2L4BD50BR8
R4ND10R10D10NL14BR6U10R10D4L10R4
F6BR10U6NH4E4 "
94 THE RAINBOW September 1988
18j3 DATA"BR10BD40Rl,02L8Elj3M-8 / +4
L6U4H2L2G4R4D4F4L20E10M-8 , +4L6U4
H2L2G4R4D4F4L20E10M-8 , +4L6U4H2L2
G4R4D4F4L2J3E20M-16,+8L12U8H4L4G8
R8BE4NLBG4D8F8"
185 DATA BR 2
19j3 DATA"BR56BD2 6M+18 , +5F8LH2L2G
2H2L2G2H2L2G2H2L2G3D11GLNHREU11H
3L2G2H2L2G2H2L2G2H2L2G2E8M+18 , -5
BU10R1J8E4NH4R6E4U2H4L10G4L12NG4H
6L8G4D6F4R6F4R4E2R2R6R4BR16NE6NR
2j3NF6BD5j3BL5j3Ulj3Rlj3D10NL10BR6BU4
NU6F4E4U6BR6NR10D4NR10D6Rlj3BR6Ul
J3R8D4L6F6"
195 DATA M BR56BD2M+18,+5F8LH2L2G2
H2L2G2H2L2G2H2L2G3D9GLNHREU9H3L2
G2H2L2G2H2L2G2H2L2G2E8M+18 , -5BD3
6NE6NH6NG6NF6BR16NE6NF6R22BD28BL
74NU10R10NUlj3BR6U10Flj3NUlj3BR6R4U
lj3L4R14Dl^NLlj3BR6NRlj3U6NRlj3U4Rl)3
BR6NDlpR8D4L8R2F6"
2j3j3 DATA"BR16BD2J3E2NR80R16E8R6NG
4R6NG4R6NG4R6NG4R6NG4R6NG4NG4R6N
G4R6NG4R6NG4R6NG4F8D2G8NH4L6NH4L
6NH4L6NH4L6NH4L6NH4L6NH4L6NH4L6N
H4L6NH4L6H8L16NR8 J3BD4 6BR10NU10R8
BR6NUlj3BR6U10Rlj3BD4NL4D6NL10BR6U
6NU4Rlj3U4Dlj3BR12Ulj3L6R12 11
205 DATA"BR2 6BD4 6R68M-14,-30L1J3U
6H4L12G4D6L1J3M-14,+30BR18BU8U12B
R6NR6D12R6NU12BR6U12R6D12NL6BR4N
U6BR4NU6U4R4D4L4BU22BL14L4U4R4D4
BD5j3BL3 6U10D4R10U4D10BR6NRlpU6NR
10U4Rlj3BR6NDlj3Rlj3D4NL10D6BR6BU4N
U6F4E4U6BR6F4ND6E4 »
21)3 DATA"BR60BD48R8E4Ulj3R4U6L4U6
H4L16G4D6L4D6R4D10F4R8BU6NE4NH4B
U8NLNR2BU6BL4NR2 BR6R2BU16R6E2H2L
2pG2F2R12BD2j3BL2j3H16D16F16R3 6E16
U16G16BD34BL5J3U10R1J3BD4NL4D6NL1J3
BR6Ulj3Rlj3D10NL10BR6U10R10Dlj3NLlj3
BR6R4NRlj3U10L4R14Dlj3"
215 DATA"BR6j3BD48R8E4Ulj3R4U6L4U6
H4L16G4D6L4D6R4D1J3F4R8BU1J3NG4NF4
BU4NLNR2 BU6 BL4NR2 BR6R2 BU12E6D8L2
0U8F6BL20D6G4L6NU10ND20L6H4U6BR7
8NG4NF4D2j3G10BD2j3BL48Ulj3R10D4NLl
0D6NLlj3BR6U6NR10U4Rlj3D10BR6R4NRl
0U1J3L4R14D10"
22j3 DATA ll BR20BD16D3j3NR56U30R6U16
Rlj3F4G4Llj3D8Rlj3D6Rlj3D6Rlj3D6R10D6
R1J3D6R26BU42BL30L2J3NE4NF4BD52BL2
^Dlj3U6Rli3U4DlpBR8NUlpBR8NRlj2IUlj3R
10BD4NL4D6BR6U10D4R10U4Dlj3"
225 DATA" BR20BD16D3j3NR56U3j3R16D6
Rlj3D6Rlj3D6RlpD6Rlj3D6R2 6L16U16Rlj3
F4G4L10D8BU2 6BR6NU16NH4NE4BD46BL
5j3NUlj3R8BR6U10R10D10NL10BR6NU10R
VIDEO ENTERTAINMENT
DON'T JUST DUMP YOUR "PM0DE4", "PM0DE3"
GRAPHICS. • •
^Expand, shrink &m
&t; stretch 'em with !e * s ' t
SZOOMDUMP^
.-IZOOMDUMP requires an ext. BASIC CoCo fcffi
& DMP-105 or compatible printer. Print V;
out "PMQDE4 M or "PMQDE3" graphics acrsene
to within a fraction of an inch of ajQy
hei oht or width you. sp ecify — up to T.B"
wide 9 in normal or negative image* MAKE
YOUR GRAPHICS DUMPS FIT THE JOB — NOT
VICE VERSA! V V* - ' : •
Specify tape or disk. Send check or
money order for $14*00* to:
■
r L CODIS ENTERPRISES
- I 2301 -C Central Dr.. Ste. 684
■ • Bedford. TX T6021 ;
Sample printouta available upon
request if return poatage provided.
• ■ • i ■• T- : .'
♦Texas reeidente edd 7% sales tax.
RAINBOW
C€ »TlflC*TICW
September 1 988 THE RAINBOW
6NU8R6U10"
230 DATA" BR3 2 BD2 6NR5 0 D2NR50D2R5 0
D6L2D4R14U4L2U12H2U4H2U2H4L6D2F2
D2F2D8BL50BD30D4ND6R10D6U10BR6ND
10R10D4NL10D6BR6U10R10D4L10R4F6B
R6R4NU10R10U10L14"
235 DATA"BR36BD18H8U8R8F8E4R20F4
E8R8D8G8D10G4D2G8L2G4L8H4L2H8U2H
4U10BR10BD4R4NU2ND2NR4NE2NH2BR12
R4NU2ND2NR4NE2NH2BG8BD4NE4NH4D6N
F4NG4U6BR6NR20BL12NL20BR6D4BF4NF
10BH4BG4G10BL14BD14R10U6L10U4R10
BR6ND10R10D10NL10BR6U6NR10U4R10B
R6R6ND10R6"
240 DATA"BR30BD2D10NR30D4NR30L2D
4L2D4L2D4L2D12NR88D6R8NU6R8NU6R8
NU6R8NU6R8NU6R8NU6R8NU6R8NU6R8NU
6R8NU6R8U6U4H4M-10 , -4L4ND10M-30 ,
-10NU16NE6D4M+30,+10BL58ND8NH8BD
22BR16ND10R10D10NL10BR6U10F10U10
ii
245 DATA " BR2 6BD2D14L2D4L2D4L2D4L
2D12F6R20E2R30F2R14E2F2R10E2U6H2
L10H2L8M-30 , -10H4U18BL18BD20G4D4
F4BD20D10R10U10NL10BR6NR10D4NR10
D6BR16U6NR10U4R10"
250 DATA"BR20BD6ND20R80G10NL50M+
10 , +30G4L62H4M+10 , -30H4L8D14L6BD
30BR16NR10D4NR10D6BR16NU10R10NU1
0BR6NU10R8BR4NU10R8 "
255 DATA"BR20BD6ND2 0R8 0G10M+10 , +
30G4L62H4M+10,-30H4L8D14L6BD30NR
10D4NR10D6R10BR6U10R6ND6R6D10BR6
U10R10D4NL10BR6BU4R6ND10R6BR6F4N
D6E4"
260 DATA"BR50BD14ND20R12D10NL12N
D10BR8R6NU6ND6R6BR10U18L60D36R60
U18BD30BL60NL4ND10R10D4NL10D6NL1
4BR6NR10U6NR10U4R10BR6BD10R10U6L
10U4R10BR6R6ND10R6"
265 DATA"BR50BD14ND20R12BD10NL12
BR8R12BR10U18L60D36R60U18BD30BL7
0D10R6NU8R6U10BR6ND10R10D10NL10B
R6U10R10D4L10R4F6BR6R10U6L10U4R1
0BR6R6ND10R6"
270 DATA"BR30BD4ND6R60D6NL60D4L6
0NU4G4D28F4R60E4U28H4BL20BD32H4L
4U2NR4D2L4NUND4L4U2L4D2R4NH6L2G4
BD10BL26ND10BR6ND10F10U10BR6BD10
R10U6L10U4R10BR6ND10BR6R4ND10R10
D10NL14BR6NR10U6NR10U4R10"
275 DATA"BR12BD4ND6R60D6NL60D4L6
0NU4G4D28F4R60E4U28H4BR3 6BD32H4L
4U2NR4D2L4NUND4L4U2L4D2R4NH6L2G4
BD10BL76ND10R10D10NL10BR6NU10R10
U10BR6R6ND10R6BR6BD10R10U6L10U4R
10BR6ND10BR6R4ND10R10D10NL14BR6N
R8U6NR8U4R8 "
280 DATA"BR16BD30NR30U2NR30U2R18
BR4R2BR4R2BL30U2R90G12M-48,+4U10
BD3 6BL2 2R10U6L10U4R10BR6D10U6R10
U4D10BR6U10R10D4NL10D6BR6U10R10D
4L10R4F6BR6U10R10D4L10"
285 DATA"BR16BD30NR40H2U4E2R40ND
8R48F2D2G2L2G2L2G2L36H2BD36BL28R
4NU10R10U10NL14BR6D10R10U10BR6D1
0R8BR6NU10R8"
290 DATA"BR2 2BD6R3 0D6F4R8E4U6R3 0
D16L8NU16L8D2 6L22NU30L22U26L8NU1
6L8U16BD60NR10U10R10BR6D10R8BR6N
R10U6NR10U4R10BR6ND10R10D4NL10D6
BR6U10F10U10"
295 DATA"BR22BD6R30D6F4R8E4U6R30
D16L8NU16L8D26L8NU12L4NU2J3L2NU8L
4NU6L4NU30L8NU12L4NU20L2NU8L4NU6
L2NU18L2U2 6L8NU16L8U16BD50R4ND10
R10D10NL14BR8NU10BR8U10R10D4L10R
4F6BR6BU10R6ND10R6BR6F4ND6E4"
300 DATA"BR20BD3 0NR84BD3 6BL6R10U
6L10U4R10BR6ND10R6ND8R6D10BR6U10
R10D10NL10BR6U10R10D10NL10BR6BU1
0R6ND10R6BR6D10U6R10U4D10"
305 DATA"BR14BD30BRE4R4F4R4E4R4F
4R4E4R4F4R4E4R4F4R4E4R4F4R4E4R4F
4BL84BD3 6U10R10D4L10R4F6BR6U10R1
0D10NL10BR6NU10R10NU10BR6U10R10B
D4NL4D6NL10BR6U10D4R10U4D10"
310 DIMK$(4,4) ,K(4,4,2) ,P$(40)
315 PMODE4,1:PCLS0:SCREEN0,0:CLS
0:PRINT@2 63, " PLEASE STAND BY ";
320 PT$ (1)="NG4D10NL4NR4" :PT$(2)
="BL4ND2R6D4L6D6R6" : PL=2
325 FORY=4TO250STEP63 : YY=YY+1
330 H(YY)=Y
3 35 II=0:FORI=2TO148STEP44:II=II
+1:V(II)=I:LINE(Y,I) -(Y+58,I+40)
,PSET, BF:K$ (YY, II) ="BM"+STR$ (Y) +
","+STR$(I) :NEXTI,Y
340 POKE178,0:COLOR1,0: LINE (0,17
8)-(256,192) ,PSET,BF
345 CR$="S4C0R58D40L58U40C1R58D4
0L58U40"
350 COLOR1,0:FORI=1TO4:FORY=1TO4
:FORQ=0TO20STEP2:LINE(H(I)+Q,V(Y
)+Q) -(H(I)+58-Q,V(Y)+40-Q) , PRESE
T , B : NEXTQ , Y , I
355 F0RI=1T04:F0RY=1T04:DRAWK$(I
,Y)+CR$:NEXTY,I
3 60 FORI=1TO40:N(I)=0:NEXTI
3 65 F0RI=1T08
370 P(I)=RND(20) *2:IFN(P(I) )«1TH
EN370
375 N(P(I) )=1:NEXTI
380 F0RI=1T08 : P (1+8 ) =P (I) -1 : NEXT
I
385 FORI=1TO40:N(I)=0:NEXTI
390 F0RI=1T04:F0RY=1T04
395 K(I,Y,1)=RND(16) :IFN(K(I,Y,1
) )=1THEN395
400 N(K(I,Y,1) )=1:NEXTY,I
96 THE RAINBOW September 1988
405 F0RI=1T04:F0RY=1T04:K(I,Y,1)
=P(K(I,Y,1) ) :NEXTY,I
4 10 REM : FORI = 1TO 4 : FOR Y= 1TO 4 : DRAW
K$ (I, Y) +"BD4C0S2 " : DRAWP$ (K (I , Y, 1
) ) : NEXTY , I
415 DRAW"C0BM76,190S4U8R10D4NL10
BR6U4 D8R8 BR6U8R10 D4NL10 D4 BR1J3U4N
H4E4BR4NR10D4NR10D4R10BR6U8R10D4
L10R6F4"
420 SCREEN1,1:IFPL=2THENPL=1ELSE
IFPL=1THENPL=2
425 IF SC(1)+SC(2)=16THEN585
430 COLOR1,0: LINE (170, 180) -(182,
192) ,PSET,BF
435 IFPL=1THENDRAW ,, BM174,190S4C0
R8L4U8G2 "ELSEIFPL=2THENDRAW"BM17
4, 190S4C0NR8U4R8U4L8D2"
440 V=l:H=l:FOR TR=1T02
445 DRAWK$(H,V) :DRAWCR$
450 X$=INKEY$:IFX$=""THEN445
455 IFX$=CHR$(13)THEN500
460 P=ASC(X$)
465 IFP=8THENH=H-1
470 IFP=9THENH=H+1
475 IFH=0THENH=1:GOTO445:ELSEIFH
=5THENH=4 : GOT0445
480 IFP=94THENV=V-1
485 IFP=10THENV=V+1
490 IFV=0THENV=l:GOTO445ELSEIFV=
5THENV=4 : GOT0445
495 GOT0445
500 IFK(H,V,2)<>0THEN445
505 COLOR1,0:LINE(H(H) ,V(V) )-(H(
H)+58,V(V)+40) ,PSET,BF
510 F0RI=1T04 : PCOPY I TO I+4:NEX
T:PMODE4,5
515 DRAWK$(H,V)+"BD4C0S2":DRAWP$
(K(H,V,1) ) :K(H,V,2)=-1:IF GR=1TH
EN525
520 COLOR1,0:LINE(H(H) ,V(V) )-(H(
H)+58,V(V)+30) ,PSET,BF
525 FORI=lT04t PCOPY 1+4 TO I:NEX
T : PMODE4 , 1 : SCREEN 1 , 1
530 M(TR)=K(H,V,1)
535 HH(TR)=H:W(TR) =V
540 NEXT TR
545 IFINT( ( (M(l)/2)+.5) )<>INT( ( (
M(2)/2)+.5) )THEN555
550 F0RI=1T02:DRAWK$(HH(I) ,W(I)
)+"BD8C0S2":DRAWP$(K(HH(I) ,W(I)
,1)):NEXTI
555 IFINKEY$<>CHR$ (32)THEN555
560 COLOR1,0:FORI=1TO2:LINE(H(HH
(I)) ,V(W(I)))-(H(HH(I))+58,V(W
(I) )+40) ,PSET,BF:NEXTI
565 IFINT( ( (M(l)/2)+.5) )<>INT( ( (
M(2)/2)+.5) )THEN580
570 COLOR1,0:FORI=1TO2:FORQ=0TO2
8STEP2:LINE(H(HH(I) )+Q,V(W(I) ) +
Q) - (H(HH(I) )+58-Q,V(W(I) )+40-Q)
,PRESET,B:NEXTQ:LINE(H(HH(I) J+Q-
S^Wfl) )+Q)-(H(HH(I) )+58-Q+8,V
(W(I) )+40-Q) , PRESET , BF : NEXTI
575 FORQ=1T02:DRAWK$(HH(Q) ,W(Q)
) +"S4BR30BD14C1" : DRAW PT$(PL) :NE
XTQ: SC (PL) =SC (PL) +2 : GOTO420
580 F0RZ=1T02:K(HH(Z) ,W(Z) ,2)=0
: NEXTZ : COLOR1 , 0 : F0RI=1T02 : FORQ=0
TO20STEP2:LINE(H(HH(I) )+Q,V(W(I
))+Q)-(H(HH(I))+58-Q,V(W(I))+40
-Q) , PRESET, B: NEXTQ, I :GOT04 20
585 FORI=1TO2000:NEXT
590 CLS : PRINT @ 10 4, "FINAL SCORECA
RD"
595 PRINT @ 168 , "PLAYER ONE ="/SC(
1)
600 PRINT@232, "PLAYER TWO =";SC(
2)
605 PRINT© 2 9 6, "PLAYER ";:IFSC(1)
>SC (2 ) THENPRINT " ONE WINS 1 " ;ELSEI
FSC(2) >SC(l)THENPRINT"TWO WINS ! "
610 IFSC(1)=SC(2)THENPRINT<3296, "
THE GAME IS TIED!"
615 PRINTS 3 60, "ANOTHER TRY (Y/N)
f it •
620 X$=INKEY$ : IFX$— "Y"THENRUNELS
EIFX$="N"THENCLS:END:ELSE620
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(Requires 512k 0S9 Level II) $29.95
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Upcase, Locase, Oislex, and Calendar.
(Requires 64k 0S9 Level I or II) 519.95
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Add $3.00 per order for shipping and handling.
Send check or money order to: Alpha Software Technologies
2810 Buffon St.
Chalmecte, La. 70043
September 1988 THE RAINBOW 97
The third in a series of tutorials for the
beginner to intermediate machine
language programmer
Machine Language Made BASIC
Part III: What a Dump!
By William P. Nee
Dumps are simply programs that
transfer images from the screen
to paper by way of a printer.
The programs shown in Listings 1 and
2 are for a seven-dot printer that adds
128 to the total value of the dots used
for graphic printing. Listing 1 is the
BASIC version and Listing 2 is a machine
language version.The seven dots in a
column have a value of 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32,
and 64, starting from the top. The
values of the dots you want to print are
added together and then added to 128.
The total value is sent to the printer as
a CHR$ value. Printer commands used
in this program are:
CHR$ ( IB ) - set for graphics
CHR$(27); CHR$(16) - position the
print head
CHR$ ( 0 ) ; CHR$ ( 50 ) - 50 spaces over
CHR$(30) - end graphics mode
Check your printer manual for any
changes to these CHR$.
Location $6F tells the computer
which device will display or receive
information as follows:
Bill Nee bucked the "snowbird'* trend
by retiring to Wisconsin from a banking
career in Florida. He spends the long,
cold winters writing programs for his
Co Co.
$6F
2(tt$FE)
■l(ttSFF)
0
1 - 15
Device
printer
tape recorder
screen
disk
Locations $BR and BB give the location
of beginning graphics — usually at
$600, or $E00 with disk.
The BIT command is a quick way to
test each bit in a byte and branch
accordingly. We will check each bit to
see if it is a zero, and we'll branch if it
is. The BIT command flNDs a number in
registers A or B with any other number
you select; but unlike the RND com-
mand, the number in registers A or B
remains unchanged — only the values
of the condition codes (CC) register are
affected. The CC register is the register
to which all branches look to see if the
conditions for a branch have been met
(plus, minus, equal, zero, etc.). The
rules for RND are:
0 RND 0
0 AND 1
1 RND 0
1 AND 1
0
0
0
1
Another way to think of this is: any
number RND 0 = 0/ any number RND 1
= the same number.
Now, how do we test the left bit (Bit
7) in Register A to see if it is a 0 or a
1? We must BITR with the number 128.
This is easier to see when written in the
binary format (Base 2):
let Register A = 149 = 10010101
BITR with #128 = 10000000
CC register = 10000000
Since the result is not 0, the CC
register will not be set to 0 and a BEQ
(Branch if EQual to 0) will not execute,
so the program will continue with its
next command. If you continue to BITR
with 64, 32, 16, 8, 4, 2 and 1, you can
check each bit and branch accordingly.
Since the printer can type a column
seven bytes high, this program will look
at the left bit in each of the seven stacked
bytes, then the next bit over, and the
next, etc., until reaching the right bit
(Bit 0).
If a bit is 1, the value of the CHR$ to
be printed is increased by the dot's value
according to its location in the column:
Dot
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Value
1
2
4
8
16
32
64
98 THE RAINBOW September 1988
Finally, 128 is added to the total value
and the result is sent to the printer as
a CHR$ (value). The routine at $RQ02
sends the value in Register A to what-
ever device is indicated by Location $6F.
The brackets around PRINT in the
program mean to use the values in
$fi002 and $R003 as the JSR address.
Those values may differ in various
Color Computer models, but the $fl002
should remain the same.
The end of the program uses CLR $BF
to set Location $GF to 0, the device
number for the screen. CLR is the fastest
command available to set any memory
byte or single-byte register such as A, B
or CC to 0. CLRR executes more quickly
and uses less memory than LDfl 80.
In one portion of the program we
used LBNE (Long Branch if Not Equal)
instead of BNE. This is because a regular
Branch can only move backward -128
spaces or forward +127 spaces (re-
member "signed" numbers?); a Long
Branch can branch anywhere in the
program but consumes a little more
memory. Use the regular branch when-
ever possible; EDTASM+ will let you
know if a Long Branch is necessary. It
is good, though, to use JSR when ref-
erring to ROM routines.
The BASIC program for the "dump"
takes advantage of the BASIC PPOINT
command to see if each bit in the seven-
byte column is set or not. If it is set, the
value of the CHR$ is increased and 128
is added to the total value. The resulting
character is sent to the printer.
i:::
A
,»:■, ml An
m o
i::::
-I1l|||nl-
"'■'|. IEHI
•Hi- '
Hi
i'
llll
llll
IUI.H,,
till"""""
n
IB
,r»i
4
A
„,...OI...„
A llll [ill
hi::::
<lll|||lll
in.
HNIIIII
III HI
Sample printout using a Radio Shack
DMP-105
The PPOINT method could have been
used in the machine language program,
but it is still a slow command. We will,
however, use this command in future
articles to write programs involving
graphics.
Both programs will run for a while
without printing anything since the
printer buffer must be filled before
printing. The buffer stores what the
computer has been sending it until
ready. Then it prints it all at once, rather
than printing out one CHR$ at a time.
Both programs also skip printing the
bottom three lines of graphics. You can
add your own routines if you want
them. Be sure to clear space before
running the machine language program
from BASIC: CLEAR 200, &H3000-1.
The time difference between the two
programs is amazing. The BASIC pro-
gram can take up to twenty minutes to
copy a graphics page, while the machine
language program can do the job in
about three minutes. It's a longer pro-
gram, but if you're doing a lot of repe-
titious dumping (Christmas cards, for
example) it is quite a time-saver. The
machine language program is designed
for PMODE 4, since we're not using a
color printer.
Try experimenting with a program
that dumps from top to bottom of the
page rather than from left to right. This
prints the picture sideways but allows
you to double its size. You might also
try to reverse the picture.
(Questions or comments concerning
this tutorial may be addressed to the
author at Route 2, Box 2I6C, Mason,
Wl 54856-9302. Please enclose an
SASE when requesting a reply.) □
Listing 1: DUMPBAS
10 CLEAR200,£cH300£-l
20 1 SAMPLE GRAPHICS PROGRAM
30 PMODE 4,1:PCLS5:SCREEN1,1
40 FOR X=0 TO 254 STEP 2
50 LINE(X,0)-(255-X, 191) , PRESET
60 NEXT
70 FOR Y=190 TO 0 STEP -2
80 LINE (0,Y) -(255, 191-Y) , PRESET
90 NEXT
100 DRAW"C5BM80, 60M+6 , +10E5F5M+6
, -10BR6D5ND5R18NU5D5BR6E10F6NL12
F4BR16U10NL10R10 11
110 DRAW H BM120,100E10F6NL12F4 M
120 DRAW ,! BM80,130U10R18F2D6G2NL1
8BR8BU2NU8F2R14E2U8BD10BR6M+6 , -1
0F5E5M+6 / +10BR6U10R18F2D3G2L18 M
130 'THE DUMP PROGRAM
140 'EXEC &H3000 OR -
150 PRINT#-2,CHR$ (18)
160 FOR V=0 TO 182 STEP 7
170 PRINT#-2,CHR$ (27) ;CHR$ (16) ;C
HR$(0) ;CHR$(50) ;
180 FOR H=0 TO 2 55:P=0
190 FOR N=0 TO 6
200 IF PPOINT (H,V+N)<>0 THEN P=P
+2 A N
210 NEXT N
220 PRINT#-2, CHR$ (P+128) ; :NEXT H
2 30 PRINT#-2 :NEXT V
240 PRINT#-2,CHR$(30)
HAWKSof t HAWKSo-f t HAWKSo-f t
HAWKSo-f t
HAWKSof t
RAINBOW
DOMINATION *18.00
MULTI-PLAYER STRATEGY GAME! "*
Try to take over the planet o-f YCNAN. Battle
other players armies to take control o-f their
provinces and defend yours. Play on a Hi— res map
o-f the planet. Take the "RISK" and be a
planet— lord today! ! ! Requires 1 disk and joystick
or mouse. See Rainbow Review JULY 88
MYDOS »15.00
CUSTOM I Z ABLE ! EPROMABLE ! !
The commands Tandy left out!
MYDQS is an enhancement to Disk Extended Basic 2.1
on the CoCo 3. One command loadm and execute for
M/L programs. Lowercase command entry and display
on ALL screens. Screen echo and SAY command for
RS Speech Pak. Point and click mouse directory,
NEW FEATURES! ! ! ! !
Supports double-sided and 40 track drives. Set
any palettes you want on power — up (RGB or CMP) .
Power — up in any screen width and colors (or
monochrome) you wish! More options than you can
shake a joystick at ! ! ! See Rainbow Review JUNE 07
HAWKSoft KEYBOARD CABLE S25.00
UNCHAIN YOUR KEYBOARD!
Five foot extender cable for Coca II and 3. Move
your keyboard where you want it! Installation
instructions and tips included! Custom lengths
avai 1 i abl e.
HAWKSoft P.O. Box 7112
Elgin, II. &B121-7112
312-742-3084
SScH always included. II. orders add 7% sales tax
September 1 988 THE RAINBOW 99
Listing 2: DUMPBIN
3j?W
00100
ORG
$3000
A002
00110 PRINT
EQU
$A002
PRINT ROUTINE
3W
86
FE
00120 START
LDA
#-2
USING THE PRINTER ,
3002
97
6F
00130
STA
$6F
3004
86
12
00150
LDA
#18
TEXT TO GRAPHICS
3006
AD
9F A002
00160
JSR
[PRINT]
3 00 A
8E
30CC
00170
LDX
#VTABLE
300D
DE
BA
00180
LDU
$BA
START OF GRAPHICS
300F
86
IB
00190
LDA
#27
NUMBER OF ROWS
3011
B7
30CA
00200
STA
DOWN
3014
86
IB
00210 LOOP 3
LDA
#27
MOVE THE
3016
AD
9F A002
00220
JSR
[PRINT]
301A
86
10
00230
LDA
#16
PRINTER HEAD
301C
AD
9F A002
00240
JSR
[PRINT]
3020
86
00
00250
LDA
#0
OVER
3022
AD
9F A002
00260
JSR
[PRINT]
3026
86
32
00270
LDA
#50
50 SPACES
3028
AD
9F A002
00280
JSR
[PRINT]
302C
86
20
00290
LDA
#32
BYTES PER LINE
302E
B7
30C9
00300
STA
ROW
3031
C6
08
00310 LOOP2
LDB
#8
BITS PER BYTE
3033
7F
30CB
00320 LOOP1
CLR
VALUE
3036
A6
40
00330
LDA
M
FIRST BIT IN THE COLUMN
3038
A5
85
00340
BITA
B,X
AND A WITH B,X
303A
27
03
00350
BEQ
NEXT 2
303C
7C
30CB
00360
INC
VALUE
303F
A6
C8 20
00370 NEXT 2
LDA
32, U
SECOND BIT IN THE COLUMN
3042
A5
85
00380
BITA
B,X
AND A WITH B,X
3044
27
08
00390
BEQ
NEXT 3
3046
B6
30CB
00400
LDA
VALUE
3049
8B
02
00410
ADDA
#2
304B
B7
30CB
00420
STA
VALUE
304E
A6
C8 40
00430 NEXT 3
LDA
64,U
THIRD BIT IN THE COLUMN
3051
A5
85
00440
BITA
B,X
AND A WITH B,X
3053
27
08
00450
BEQ
NEXT 4
.
3055
B6
30CB
00460
LDA
VALUE .
3058
8B
04
00470
ADDA
#4
305A
B7
30CB
00480
STA
VALUE
305D
A6
C8 60
00490 NEXT 4
LDA
96, U
FOURTH BIT IN THE COLUMN
3060
A5
85
00500
BITA
B,X
AND A WITH B,X
3062
27
08
00510
BEQ
NEXT 5
3064
B6
30CB
00520
LDA
VALUE
3067
8B
08
00530
ADDA
#8
3069
B7
30CB
00540
STA
VALUE
306C
A6
C9 0080
00550 NEXT 5
LDA
128, U
FIFTH BIT IN THE COLUMN
3070
A5
85
00560
BITA
B,X
AND A WITH B,X
3072
27
08
00570
BEQ
NEXT 6
3074
B6
30CB
00580
LDA
VALUE
3077
8B
10
00590
ADDA
#16
3079
B7
30CB
00600
STA
VALUE
307C
A6
C9 00 A0
00610 NEXT 6
LDA
160, U
SIXTH BIT IN THE COLUMN
3080
A5
85
00620
BITA
B,X
AND A WITH B,X
3082
27
08
00630
BEQ
NEXT 7
3084
B6
30CB
00640
LDA
VALUE
3087
8B
20
00650
ADDA
#32
3089
B7
30CB
00660
STA
VALUE
308C
A6
C9 00C0
00670 NEXT 7
LDA
192, U
SEVENTH BIT IN THE COLUMN
3090
A5
85
00680
BITA
B,X
AND A WITH B,X
3092
27
08
00690
BEQ
PRNT
3094
B6
30CB
00700
LDA
VALUE
3097
8B
40
00710
ADDA
#64
100 THE RAINBOW September 1988
3099
B7
30CB
00720
STA
VALUE
309C
B6
3J2fCB
00730 PRNT
IDA
VALUE
309F
8B
80
00740
ADDA
#128
FILL IN THE EIGHTH BIT
3J2TA1
AD
9F A002
00750
JSR
[PRINT]
30A5
5A
00760
DECB
30A6
26
8B
00770
BNE
LOOP1
FINISHED THE BYTE?
30A8
33
41
00780
LEAU
i,u
MOVE OVER TO THE NEXT BYTE
30AA
7A
30C9
00790
9 9 f
DEC
ROW
FINISHED THE ROW YET?
30AD
26
82
00800
BNE
LOOP2
30AF
86
0A
00810
LDA
#10
CARRIAGE RETURN
30B1
AD
9F A002
00820
JSR
[PRINT]
30B5
33
C9 00C0
00830
9 9 9
LEAU
192, U
SKIP DOWN 7 ROWS
3J2fB9
7A
30CA
00840
DEC
DOWN
30BC
1026
FF54
00850
LBNE
LOOP3
3ffCj?
86
IE
00860 FIN
LDA
#30
BACK TO TEXT
30C2
AD
9F A002
00870
JSR
[PRINT]
30C6
r
0F
¥
6F
00880
CLR
$6F
BACK TO THE SCREEN
30C8
39
00890
RTS
BACK TO BASIC
3J2fC9
00900 ROW
RMB
1
3J?CA
00910 DOWN
RMB
i.
30CB
00920 VALUE
RMB
1
3J2fCC
0001
00930 VTABLE
FDB
$0001
30CE
0204
00940
FDB
$0204
30D0
r r
0810
00950
FDB
$0810
30D2
2040
00960
FDB
$2040
30D4
80
00970
FCB
$80
3000
00980
END
START
00000 TOTAL ERRORS
BOWLING LEAGUE SECRETARY
©1986
RAINBOW
CERTIFICATION
SEAL
Reviewed
Sept. April
1986 1987
pg141 pg140
Now for the Co-Co 1, 2 or 3 with disc drive,
printer, 32K.
• User friendly— full menu driven selections.
• Any number of teams, and over 200 bowlers.
• Calculates and stores all team and bowlers
stats.
• Men, women, mixed, scratch or handicap;
blinds and substitutes.
• Start up any time in season.
• Full edit capability.
• Automatic backups and weekly, mid-season
and end-season resets.
• ABC/WIBC style printouts.
• Includes 20-page instruction manual.
• Upgrade for individual tally sheets.
1 ($9.95 separate; free when ordered
with program.)
Priced at $49.95 including Shipping, Handling &
Sales Tax. To order, send check or M.O.
Specify Version number (1.0 for men or women;
1.1 for mixed) and number of disc drives.
TOMELA*CO
P.O. Box 2162 • Doylestown, Pa. 18901-2162 • (215) 348-5822
A DISK DIRECTORY UTILITY
HELLO /BAS
by Roy C. Pierce
fc) 1988
WHAT HELLO WILL DO
Display Alphabetically Sorted Directory
of any Drive. (0-3)
Print a Hardcopy of Sorted Directory
w/Date and Disk Name.
Run ANY BASIC Program with Ease.
RUNS ON ANY COCO.
(32K Disk Extended BASIC Required)
Single Key Stroke Commands.
Easy to Read Display.
ALL BASIC so it won't mess up your
System.
SUPER FAST OPERATION.
Reads Any Drive at Will.
Low Disk Overhead - Only 1 Gran.
Easy to Copy to All your Disks, comes
with Handy Diskinit Utility for Auto-
booting HELLO/ BAS.
$19.95 U.S. $22.95 cdn.
INTERNATIONAL $22.95 U.S.
SHIPPING & HANDLING INCLUDED
*
*
*
*
+
*
*
RCPlERCE
SOFTWARE
P.O.BOX 1787,
Main Post Office,
Edmonton, AB. Canada
T5J-2P2
PH: (403) 474-8435
September 1988 THE RAINBOW 101
^Feature
More choices, more creativity now available
The Desktop
Publisher: A Reprise
By H. Allen Curtis
I first ventured into desktop publish-
ing with "A Desktop Publisher on
a Shoestring," (October '87, Page
58). The article met with success well
beyond my expectations.
Through the hundreds of letters I
received about my article, I was able to
meet some truly fine people. Many
readers sent me beautifully executed
sample documents and told of their
intended uses for the publisher: news-
letters, business advertising, greeting
cards, special school projects, class-
room aid, improvement of student
writing skills, etc. Those letters pro-
vided the motivations for my continu-
ing attempts to enhance the desktop
publisher and to write this article.
Many personal and home computer
owners prize word processors as one of
their most valuable software pieces. The
designers of the leading, more expensive
($300 to $500) desktop publishers are
aware of this and have enabled their
programs to enter files from word
processors. Thus, at the initial stage of
desktop publishing, users of such desk-
top publishers have the convenience of
composing and editing their texts on
their favorite word processors. This
H. Allen Curtis lives in Williamsburg,
Virginia. He is interested in 17th and
18th century history and enjoys biking
through the colonial capital. He balan-
ces past and present with his computer
work.
102
THE RAINBOW September 1 988
article brings a similar capability to the
shoestring desktop publisher programs,
Desktop Low for the CoCos 1 and 2 and
Desktop High for CoCo 3. Whether or
not you use a word processor, you can
benefit from the information contained
in this article.
To accommodate the addition of the
word processor input feature to Desk-
top Low and Desktop High, more
program memory must be made avail-
able. All lines of BASIC involved in
drawing the font menu for the files
DESKTDPL and DE5KT0PH can be deleted
if that information is stored in a disk file
and brought in serially whenever a new
font is selected. Deletion of those lines
of BASIC would provide a significant
savings of program memory. Further-
more, if one font menu can be stored on
disk and loaded into the computer on
demand, the same can be done with
other font menus. This allows an in-
crease in the number of available fonts.
In fact, I have developed a supplemen-
tary set of nine new fonts, so that there
are 19 fonts now available. An explana-
tion of how you can obtain the extra
font set is given at the conclusion of this
article.
The GENMENU program shown in
Listing 1 will be employed in drawing
the present DESKTDPL and DESKTOPH
font menus. After carefully typing
Listing 1, save GENMENU on disk. Then
make a backup copy of your desktop
publisher disk (the latest version if you
have the enhancements). Next, load
GENMENU from its disk. Insert the
backup desktop publisher disk in your
disk drive and run GENMENU. This will
record the data file FDNTMENU on your
new desktop publisher disk.
You must now modify DESKTOPL or
DESKTOPH on that disk as follows: In
DESKTOPL delete lines 350 through 430
and delete the complete DRRN statement
from the end of Line 345. Similarly, in
DESKTOPH delete lines 395 through 475
and delete the entire HDRflW statement
from the end of Line 390. Save the
abbreviated DESKTOPL or DESKTOPH on
the new desktop publisher disk.
When the programs PflTCHWPL and
PRTCHWPH (listings 2 and 3) are patched
into the shortened DESKTOPL and
DESKTOPH, respectively, the patched
program can enter files derived from the
ASCII files of a word processor. Addi-
tionally, the patched program will load
the font menu from disk when you select
F from the main menu. Type NEW and
press ENTER to clear the memory of
DESKTOPL or DESKTOPH. Carefully type
Listing 2 or 3. If your CoCo 1 or 2
cannot safely support the high speed,
omit POKE&HFFD7,0 from Line 342 of
PflTCHWPL and omit all three statements
in Line 2020 of PflTCHWPL. Next save
Listing 2 or 3 on the disk containing
GENMENU as follows: For use with DESK -
TOPL, type SAVE"PATCHWPL", A and
press ENTER; for use with DESKTOPH,
type SfiVE "PfifTCHWPH " , A and press
ENTER.
To patch PATCHWPL or PATCHWPH
into the abbreviated DESKTOPL or
DESKTOPH, respectively, simply insert
the new desktop publisher disk in your
disk drive and load DESKTOPL or DESK-
TOPH. Insert the disk containing
PATCHWPL or PATCHWPH in your drive.
Next, type MERGE "PATCHWPL " and
press ENTER for DESKTOPL; or type
MERGE "PATCHWPH" and press ENTER
for DESKTOPH. Finally, insert the new
desktop publisher disk in your drive and
save the patched DESKTOPL or DESK-
TOPH on the disk. Retain its filename,
DESKTOPL or DESKTOPH, when you save
it, in order to overwrite the unpatched
version.
The new DESKTOPL and DESKTOPH
will not accept a word processor's
ASCII file directly. The file must first be
converted to a form compatible with
DESKTOPL and DESKTOPH. The pro-
grams CONVERTL and CONVERTH (list-
ings 4 and 5, respectively) will convert
the ASCII files of any word processor
designed to work with the CoCo 1, 2 or
3 to a DESKTOPL- or DESKTOPH- com-
patible file. CONVERTL and CONVERTH
not only perform the conversion but
also explain precisely what you must do
to produce acceptable ASCII files from
your word processor. After typing NEW,
carefully type Listing 4 or 5. In typing
either of these listings, you will have to
type the characters [ and ]. This is
accomplished by use of the SHlFT-down
arrow and SHIFT-right arrow, respec-
tively. Save CONVERTL or CONVERTH on
the disk containing GENMENU.
The MONROE program (Listing 6)
creates a simulated word processor
ASCII file. After its conversion by
CONVERTL or CONVERTH, this file will be
used to illustrate and explain the work-
ings of the ASCII file input feature of
the desktop publisher. Therefore, em-
ploy NEW to clear program memory and
type Listing 6. Save MONROE on the
GENMENU disk. Then run MONROE to
produce the simulated word processor
ASCII file, HISTDOC/TXT.
To convert H ISTD0C/TXT to the desk-
top publisher-compatible form, load
CONVERTL for DESKTOPL or CONVERTH
for DESKTOPH. Run the program. To
learn the word processor requirements,
answer the first prompt by pressing Y.
After you have digested all the informa-
tion, answer the next prompt by press-
ing Y. HI5TD0C/TXT is ready to be
converted. For the final prompt, type
HI5TD0C/TXT and press ENTER. HIST-
DOC/TXT will be converted to HISTDOC/
DAT.
If you have only one disk drive, you
must copy HI 5TD0C/DAT from the
GENMENU disk to the desktop publisher
disk. To copy, refer to the GENMENU disk
as the source disk and the desktop
publisher disk as the destination disk.
Insert the source disk in your disk drive.
Next, type C0PY"HI5TD0C/DAT : 0" and
press ENTER. Your computer will give
you the steps needed to copy HISTDOC/
DAT onto the destination disk.
Those of you who have two or more
disk drives don't need to copy HIST-
DOC/DAT, because DESKTOPL or DESK-
TOPH can input compatible files from
any drive.
Now you are ready to try the ASCII
file input feature. If you have a single
disk drive, insert the new desktop
publisher disk in your drive. (Two-drive
owners should insert the desktop pub-
lisher disk in Drive 0 and the GENMENU
disk in Drive 1.) Then load and run
DESKTOPL or DESKTOPH. For greater
screen capacity select F, Font 2 via the
main menu. To reach the main menu,
press CLEAR for DESKTOPL or F2 for
DESKTOPH. While DESKTOPH users have
a choice of two screen resolutions on
which to input the ASCII files, initially
keep it at low resolution. The word
processor ASCII file input feature is
accessed by employing the main menu
input command. When you press I from
To the House of Representatives of the United States!
f.y • ftr'.fitiiUi* el ifttiuffcrf apprwui on the 27th of Hmh, 1818, it
»«? -hircied tkt the journal, acts, m\ pRujeeainasj oi the Convention
s»fei».Ji imM the pitr i-rit GaftytjUtyflii ui ;hf United States should be
vufchsiwil, under 6* dimtufl of the Fi-eiitlent of the United States,
»'j'Jt thr :-??j'et iwumsis of ™*= and proceedings, and the
forogn ftvAtSfMifaftt itfitii a seHajn rtyieycton), of the Confess of
the limied SWm fr-tm the first wettiiA thereof down to the date of the
ratification of the definitive toaty of yeace between Great Britain and
uH United States i» »k yea? 1783, and \hA 1.898 copies thereof should
be printed, ui ooe copy slmuid he furnished to each nenber af tha
(the Fifteenth; Oongr-es.s arm the residue should renam subject to the
future disposition of Congress.
And bv a iwlutloii ui Coft&ress approved on the 21st April, 1328, i
was provided that the secret journal, together with all the papers ana
docuneMs tonnpf;te« with that journal, and all other papers and docuuen
heretofuir cto&sifiered umfiitefttial, of the old Congress. froH the date i
foe ranficwofl uf the defirutivf treaty of the year 1783 to the
tadtioh of the present Government which were routining in the office
s\ u* ir»(tretaiHi <!{ tie. 5»oul(l be published under the uirection of th
iV liden! of the Hinted States, -rid thai ij&b'b' copies thereof should he
Mutwi «nd deposited in the Library subject to the disposition of
In jursitawsH of these two resolution 4 !. 1 MB cnpies of the journals
«nd arts of the Coriv^fttion wiM iu<w<i in* Constitution i>ave been
heretofore printed M placed at the disposal of Congress, and 1,888
September 1988 THE RAINBOW 103
the main menu, a new screen appears,
offering you two options:
1 , Screen File
2. ASCII File
Formerly, the I command had only one
function — loading a previously saved
screen from disk. That function is now
Option 1. Option 2 loads the word
processor ASCII file. Hence, press 2.
The desktop publisher will respond by
requesting that you supply the filename
of the desired ASCII file. Those with
single-drive systems should type HI5T-
DOC and press ENTER. Two-drive users
should type HISTDOC :1 and press
ENTER, because HISTDOC/DRT is on the
Drive 1 disk.
The computer switches to the work-
ing screen, and the cursor moves across
the screen and prints out the word
"Example." This word, centered hor-
izontally in the original document, is
now offset to the right. Included in the
new version of DESKTOPL or DESKTOPH
is an easy way to center an offset word
or line of characters. You will have to
wait until the screen is full before
employing the centering process, how-
ever.
When the ASCII file input feature is
invoked, the desktop publisher auto-
matically turns on wordwrap. Thus, any
word not fitting at the end of one line
will be erased and printed in its entirety
at the beginning of the next line. When
full, the screen will be replaced by a
prompt asking if you want to save the
HISTDOC contents that have not been
entered. The saved contents will be in
a file called REST : □ if you have a one-
disk drive or REST : 1 if you have a two-
disk drive. This will leave the file HIST-
DOC/DRT unchanged and intact. In
order to continue printing the rest of the
contents of HISTDOC, answer the
prompt by pressing Y for yes. You are
then returned to the working screen.
In the main menu, press K to view the
list of special keys used by DESKTOPL or
DESKTOPH. The final key listed is SHIFT-
up arrow. According to the list, this key
combination's function is to move the
character line toward the cursor half of
the screen. This means that SHlFT-up
arrow causes a line of characters to
move left or right, depending on
whether the cursor is located in the left
or right half of that line. Return to the
working screen. Since the cursor is
already located in the left half of the line
containing the word "Example," keep
pressing SHlFT-up arrow until "Exam-
ple" is centered. If you happen to move
"Example" too far left, select T from the
main menu to set both tabs to 240 for
DESKTOPL or 300 for DESKTOPH. After
returning to the working screen, press
the down arrow to move the cursor to
the right half of the top line. Press
SHlFT-up arrow to complete the center-
ing process. In general, the line of
characters to be moved must begin or
end with a blank space, depending on
whether you wish to move the line left
or right. Otherwise, you will leave a
wake of partial characters as you move
the line.
At this point you have several op-
tions. With DESKTOPL, you may save
the screen, make a screen dump or
consider what you have done explora-
tory and take neither of the two options.
Because you have two screens with
DESKTOPH, you can defer saving the
screen on disk and making a screen
dump until the second screen is full. At
this point, let's consider the example
exploratory.
To do this, use SHIFT-CLEAR to clear
the screen for DESKTOPL or use S from
the main menu to switch the other
Real BASIC for OS9!
OS-9 LEVEL TWO VR. 02.00.01
COPYRIGHT 1986 BY
Ml CROW ARC SYSTEMS CORP.
LICEN5EO TO TANDY CORP.
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
July 11, 1988 1 4:37:30
Shell
OS9: xmoda /w5 typesO
OS9: Infz /w5
OS9: rsb o»/w5 A
4007
DISK EXTENDED COLOR BASIC 3.1
COPR. 1982, 1986 BY TANDY
UNDER LICENSE FROM MICROSOFT
ANO MICROWARE SYSTEMS CORP.
OK
LOAD "DEMO"
OK
LIST
10 CLS 5
20 X=RND(63):Y=RND(31):ZsRND(B)
30 SET(X,Y,Z)
40 GOTO 20
OK
There is nothing wrong with your Coior Computer. Do not attempt to adjust it. The BASIC you know and love is now
running under Level 2 OS9 windows. You are in command.
Burke & Burke is proud to present another OS9 programming language: Disk Extended Color BASIC.
YouVe probably heard of this language. It's the one your Color Computer was born with. We're talking PMODE, DIR, COLOR,
RENUM, PLAY and other familiar words. Under Level 2 OS9. In as many windows as your memory lets you create.
Our R.S.B. software creates an OS9-compatible version of Disk Extended Color BASIC by reading your CoCo's ROM chips. We add
new software for OS9-style graphics, sound, printer, and disk I/O. Of course, you can't use R.S.B. to run machine language programs,
and some BASIC commands work slightly differently under R.S.B. Although R.S.B. loads and saves files using OS9's file format,
we've also included utilities to transfer BASIC programs and data files between OS9 and BASIC disks.
Did you know that Level 2 OS9 always runs at double-speed? This makes R.S.B. very fast. You must have a CoCo 3 with at least
1 28K RAM, and a floppy controller with Disk Extended Color BASIC 1 .0, 1 .1 , 2.0, or 2.1 ROM, or CoCo 3 CDOS ROM, to use R.S.B.
w lL d & ^Xo V Q ersion 2 'a Use ,Vvi,dcards " Check out these OS9 Utilities
with most OS9 commands, or rearrange your ~™
directory tree. Features recursive directory Tools to fe ' you '«"* ****** OS9,
searches. A hard disk must! $19.95
and more time using it.
EZGen Version 1.04 Powerful OS9
bootfile editor. Change module names, add
or delete modules, patch bytes, or rearrange
modules. Works on other files, too. $19.95
P.O. Box 1283 Palatine, IL 60078-1283 (312) 397-2898
m
ILLINOIS RESIDENTS PLEASE ADD 7% SALES TAX.
COD's add $2.20. Shipping (within the USA) $2.00 per
CoCo XT; $1.50 per disk or ROM. Please allow 2 weeks
for delivery (overnight delivery also available for in-stock
items). Telephone orders accepted (312)397-2898.
RAINBOW
CERTIFICATION
SEAL
104 THE RAINBOW September 1988
screen for DESKTDPH. Continuing to
explore, specify left, right and bottom
screen margins before the input of the
next portion of HISTDOC.
Specifying a bottom margin of the
screen is new. It sets the place at which
the ASCII file input feature quits filling
the screen. If you want to specify the
bottom margin as three lines from the
bottom of the screen, press ENTER until
the cursor will go down no farther. Then
press the up arrow three times for the
cursor to reach the desired bottom
margin. Select M from the main menu.
After you set the top and left margins
at 0 and 24, for instance, you will be
asked whether you want to change the
bottom margin. Because the bottom
margin has been the bottom of the
screen, press Y for yes. Immediately you
will be asked whether you want the
bottom margin set to the most recent
cursor position. Press Y for yes because
the present cursor position is at the
desired position. The yes answer is
generally made when the screen is
intended to represent a whole page or
when the bottom half of a page is to be
dumped. The no answer is important
for fonts whose character sizes are such
that a top margin setting of 0 does not
allow the cursor to reach the bottom of
the screen. To set the right margin, press
W from the main menu and enter the
value 232 for DESKTOPL or 296 for
DESKTDPH.
Follow the W command with the
second option of the I command. When
a filename is requested, type REST and
press ENTER if you have a one-disk
drive; otherwise, type RESTrl and press
ENTER. The ASCII file input will re-
sume and continue until the specified
bottom margin is reached. When the
screen is full within the specified mar-
gins, the prompt screen will appear.
Press Y for yes so that a new REST file
is produced, including all of HISTDOC
not already brought to the screen.
Continuing the exploration, clear the
screen. Press ENTER three times to move
the cursor down three lines. The ASCII
file input feature brings in text starting
at the current cursor position. There-
fore, you can establish left, right, upper
and lower boundaries to confine the
input. Use the second option of the I
command to resume the ASCII file
input process. The required filename is
again REST for single-disk drives or
REST : 1 for multiple-disk drives.
The ability to confine text input
within boundaries is important even to
those with screen dumps that provide
ample margins on each printed page. If
you want to print a border design
around the text of your document, you
can draw the border, appropriately
specify margins and bring in the text. Or
you could also specify margins, bring in
text and then draw the border. Confin-
ing the input text within boundaries is
essential when you develop a document
composed of two columns of text. For
such a document, boundaries are set for
the left side of the screen and text is
brought to the screen. Then margins are
reset for the right side of that same
screen, and more text is brought in
through the second option of the I
command.
When the present screen is full and
you have answered the ensuing prompt
by pressing Y, draw a border design
around the text. To do so, set the top
and left margins to 0. Set the bottom
margin to the bottom of the screen by
answering the two prompts of the main
menu command M, pressing Y and N
in that order. Using the main menu
command W, set the right margin to 256
for DESKTOPL or 320 for DESKTDPH. You
must make use of the W command a
MM
m
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ALLOW 1
DELIVERY'S
m
THE POWER STONES
OFARD
THE QUEST FOR
THE SPIRIT STONE
- ±:rX
You're tired, you're hungry, not to mention you're badly injured.
No one in town seems to want to talk to you. Your magic sword has
stopped glowing, the room is dark, you're out of spells, you can't
get your wand to work, you won't swear to it but you may be lost,
you have no idea what that last puzzle meant, and you hear something
large moving just beyond the only door. The old sage warned you
there would be days like this!
"QUEST FOR THE SPIRIT STONE" is an Adventure that will
keep you playing for hours. It features single keystroke commands,
16 color graphics, 100% Hi-Res graphics screens, full game save,
extensive playing area, level advancement, and the disk is not copy-
protected. You choose your character's name, race, sex, and ability
scores. The use of arrow keys simplify movement. This one is easy
to play but a challenge to complete!
ONLY $18.00 AND WE PAY SHIPPING!
North Carolina residents add 5% sales tax
COLOR COMPUTER 3 AND ONE DISK DRIVE REQUIRED
Send check or money order to:
or call:
(919) 582-5121
THREE Cs
R ROJECT5
P.O. Box 1323
Hamlet, NC 28345
September 1988 THE RAINBOW 105
second time to turn off wordwrap. In
drawing the border design, select Font
I because most of the designs (except
CoCo Cat) are size-compatible with
Font I. To simplify the drawing of the
right border, set both tabs to 240
(DE5KT0PL) or to 304 (DESKTOPH).
Use your imagination and experi-
ment in employing the ASCII file input
feature to bring in the remainder of the
HISTDOC text to further screens. You
might change fonts; Desktop High users
might switch to the higher resolution
screen and develop a screen for a two-
column document.
Depending on the margin values
specified and the font selected, some
Desktop Low users may encounter a
problem with the last line of text entered
in the final screen. The problem results
from composing the simulated word
processor document at 60 characters
per line. Desktop Low users should
write their word processor documents
at 30 to 40 characters per line.
Both the original eight font files
(offered in "A Desktop Publisher on a
Shoestring") as well as an additional
nine font files may be obtained by
ordering them from me at 172 Dennis
Drive, Williamsburg, VA 23185. The
disk containing all 17 font files costs
$13.50. The supplemental nine font files
may be purchased separately for $7.
Please include payment by check or
money order. □
Editor's Note: The files PflTCHWPL tfm/PfiTCHWPH
are stored in binary format on this month's
RAINBOW ON TAPE and DISK. To resave the files in
the required ASCII format and j or transfer them
from tape to disk, first load the file using (C)L0fiD-
' filename" Once the file is in memory, save it to
disk by entering SfiVE "filename"^. RAINBOW ON
DISK users please note: You will have to use a disk
other than the original since it is write-protected.
This should not be an inconvenience, as you should
be using a backup of the original anyway.
Listing 1: GENMENU
0 »*** GENMENU ***
1 1 BY H. ALLEN CURTIS
2 1 COPYRIGHT 1988
10 D$ (1) ="BM50 , 24G3ERE2R4GNL3G4D
5EU4BR2D5G4UH2LG2ER3FERE2URUE2NF
G2U4E4F2DH2DFBM64 , 29G2ND4LD4NHFR
E2NU5RU4FBM72 , 29G2RD4NHFNEU4NU2E
3ND6FNFD6E2BM83 , 25G3LR3NR2NUD8NE
2H2RU5
20 D$ ( 2 ) =" BM4 9 , 4 3R6NDNGL5D3NR3D3
NLR2HU4BM59 , 45ND3GD2FR3NU3EU2HL2
BM66,45D4RU4R3D4RU3BM76, 43ND5G2N
R4FD2FRE
PREMIUM COC03 51 2K UPGRADE
•Made in USA by J&R Electronics •Memory chips socketed, user replaceable
•Rugged, long life construction «Top mounted Memory for cooling
•Heavy duty POWER and GROUND planes to minimize memory errors due to noise
•High performance design, permits use of less expensive 150ns memory chips
•We supply Prime memory chips, not inferior pulls or fallouts*
•Includes RAMDISK, Spooler and Memory Test software on disk with 28 page User's
Manual (We set the standard for 51 2K support software. We believe our software
is uniquely powerful, as opposed to tnose *Me, too' companies that charge extra
for software with much less power!)
SPECIAL PRICES
#1010-29.95 JramR bare board plus connectors and software
#1014-39.95 JramR assembled & tested 0K (No memory chips) and software
*CALL {for latest price of #1014 with memory chips and other products)
To place an order, write to: J&R Electronics, P.O. Box 2572, Columbia, MD 21045,
OR call (301) 987-9067-Jesse or (301) 788-0861-Ray
30 D$ (3 ) ="BM50 , 56R5BR2DNLNRDRNRD
RE2BL7L5DLNGBR5G2ND8GD8BDBL2L2DR
2DFNDRURE2U9NE3RD3ND4REFBM64 , 61G
2ND6LD5LF2RE2NU7RU6FBM72 , 61NG2D3
E3DRFLD7NE2HNU6BL2GNU5LNHU7BM83 ,
57G2RD11NE2H2RU8L2R5
40 D$(4)="BM46,78R11D2RHL2BL6D6R
3D2ENRHL3D6GU13LBM62 , 82G3D2F3R5E
3U2H3L4G3D2F3R3E3U2H2BM72 , 82R3GN
LD7RU5NU2E3R2DRD7LNUE2U4BM88,80D
LGR7 NR5G5 UNE 2 FDRDRDR4 E 2
50 D$(5)="BM48,96NR6D8RU4NU3R3BM
56 / 99ND4GD3FR4NU5EU3HL3BM64 / 99D5
RU5R4D5U4BM74,96D7FRHU5NL3NR2U2
60 D$(6)="BM48,109R7NDL6D8NLR2HU
3NU3R3NUDBM58 , 112ND4GD3FR4NU4EU3
HL3 BM6 6 , 1 1 2 RD5NLR2 HU3 ER3 D5NLR2HU
3BM79 , 109D8REBL3U4NR3NL2U2
70 D$ (7) ="BM52 , 123R4NFL4G2D2NR3D
4BM60 , 125G2D2F2R2E2U2H2LBM68 , 125
ND6FER2F2D4BM78 , 12 3DND7GR4
80 D$ ( 8 ) ="BM50 , 1 3 6NGR3NR4 D4 L2NGR
3NU3NR2D2HD2GL3BM62 , 138G2DED2R3E
2UGU2L2BM70 , 138NGD4RUNU3E3RD4RNE
U3BM8 1 , 13 6D6R2NEL2HU4GR4
90 D$(9)="BM50,148NG3NR7ND3FD3NR
4L3NGR3ND7LD8GL3BM60 , 148G3NRF2NU
3R3E2NU2LU3L2BM68 , 148G2RD3RU2NU2
E3RD5RNE2U4BM79 , 147NG2D2NR2ND3LD
3FR2E2
100 D$ (10)="BM50,164NR3D2NR2D3BM
56, 166GDFREUHBM61, 166D2NDE2FD2BM
68 , 164D2NLNRD2FE
200 N$(1)= M BR2NGD6NL2R2BU6BR6
210 N$(2)«"NGNDR3ND2FDGL2NG2DG2R
5ULBR6BU5
220 N$ (3 ) ="NGNDR3ND5FDGNL2FDGL3U
LBU5BR11
230 N$(4)="BR2BD6G3DE4D6NLRNRU2N
RNL4U4BR6
240 N$ (5) = ,f BD6NR5D2EDR3ND3FD2GL3
ULBU5R5BR6
250 N$ (6)= M BR2BD4NR2G2D3FR3NU2EU
HL3 ND2UEBU3 BD2 BR 8
260 N$ (7 ) = ,f BD2NDNFR5D2HDG2D2RU2E
BU3BR6
270 N$ (8 ) =" BRBU2ND5GDFGDFR3NU5EU
106 THE RAINBOW September 1988
HNL2 EUHL2 BUBR 6BDBR4
28j3 N$(9)="BR2BU5ND2GDFR3DG2NLRE
2U3HND2L2BR6
29j3 N$(lj3)="BR2BU8ND5GD4FR3U5G2D
E3ND4HL2
300 OPEN"*}", #1, "FONTMENU"
310 FORI=lT01j3:PRINT#l,N$(I)+D$(
I) : NEXT: CLOSE #1
197 112 2305 194
492 249 END 204
2030 212
Listing 2: PRTCHWPL
6 SS=1 : SF=1 : FC=1 : CD=7
50 IFQ=1 AND ZOU AND L+4>W-1THE
NFL=1:G0T0175
62 IFSCI=1THEN9 60ELSEIFSCI=2 AND
KS=1THEN2020ELSEIFSCI=2THEN2030
95 IFK=32THENZ=L+S:IFL+8<W THENL
INE(L,T) -(L+7,T+D) , PRESET , BF: L=L
+S : GOT04 5ELSELINE (L,T) - (L+1,T+D)
, PRESET ,BF:L=U:IFT<P AND K191-D
*2THENT=T+1+D : GOT04 5ELSEFL=0 : GOT
02080
110 IFK=8THENLINE(L,T)-(L+1,T+D)
, PRESET, BF: IFL>1THENL=L- 2 : GOT045
ELSEL=0:GOTO45
151 IFK=95THENI=4:PUT(L,T) -(L+l,
T+D) , S : IFL>W* . 5THENGET (U , T) - (W-I
-1,T+D) ,G, G:PUT(U+I,T) -(W-1,T+D)
, G, PSETELSEGET (U+I , T) - (W-l, T+D) ,
G,G:PUT(U,T)-(W-1-I,T+D) ,G,PSET
155 IFK<>95THENPUT(L,T)-(L+1,T+D
) ,S:GOT045ELSE45
165 IFQ=0 OR Z=U THENL=U: IFT<P A
ND T<191-D*2THENT=T+D+1:GOTO70EL
SE70
170 FL=2
175 Z1=2*INT( .5*Z) :Z=Z1
180 GET(Z,T)-(L,T+D) ,G,G:GOSUB19
7:L1=L-Z:L=U:Z==U:IFT<P AND T<191
-D*2THENT=T+D+1ELSE2080
190 IFSCI<>2THENPUT(L,T)-(L+L1,T
+D) ,G, PSET: L=L+L1+L2 : L=2 * INT ( . 5 *
L+.5) :L2=0ELSEL=U:GOSUB2400:KS=K
S+1:GOTO2030
193 N=FL+l:ON N GOTO45 / 55 / 70
197 IFCC=j3THENPUT(Z,T) -(L,T+D) ,R
, PSET : RETURNELSEPUT ( Z , T) - (L, T+D)
, R, PRESET : RETURN
198 IFCC=0THENPUT(U / T) -(W-1,T+D)
, R , PSET : RETURNELSEPUT (U,T) - (W-l,
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Network orders add $10.00 per disk
Write for Free Catalog
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TOTHIAN
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September 1988 THE RAINBOW 107
T+D) ,R, PRESET: RETURN
199 IFCC=0THENPUT ( 18 ,20) -(113,17
0) ,R,PSET:RETURNELSEPUT(18,20)-(
113,170) ,R, PRESET: RETURN
23)3 IFK$="I" OR K$="i"THEN3060
34J3 SCREEN1,C
341 DRAW"S"+STR$(4*SF)
342 GET(L,T) -(L+1,T+D) ,S:POKE&HF
FD7,0:GOTO45
345 SCREEN1,C:GET(18,20)-(113,17
0) / F / G:GOSUB199
355 Y=10:OPEN"I" , #1, "FONTMENU"
3 65 FORI=0TO9:GOSUB440:LINEINPUT
# 1 , A$ : Y= Y+ 16 : DRAW " S 4 BM2 4 , " +STR$ (
Y ) +A$ : NEXT : CLOS E # 1
490 CLS: PRINTS 19 5, "DO YOU WANT T
O CHANGE THE": PRINT" BOTTOM MA
RGIN? (Y/N) ";
491 K$=INKEY$:IFK$=""THEN4 91ELSE
IFK$="N" OR K$="n"THENL=U:T=V:RE
TURNELSEIFK$="Y" OR K$="y"THEN49
2ELSESOUND60 , 5 : GOT0491
492 PRINT@323,"DO YOU WANT IT AT
THE MOST" : PRINT" RECENT CURSO
R POSITION?": PRINT" (Y/N)":PR
INT" IF NOT, IT WILL BE SET TO
": PRINT" THE LOWEST POSSIBLE C
URSOR" : PRINT" POSITION" : IFV$="
B" OR V$="b"THENGOSUB980
493 K$=INKEY$ : IFK$=" "THEN493ELSE
IFK$="N" OR K$="n"THENGOSUB98j3:G
OT0495ELSEIFK$="Y" OR K$="y"THEN
P=T : L=U : T=V : RETURNELSESOUND60 , 5 :
GOT0493
495 P-V+(D+1)*(-1+INT((192-V)/(D
+1) ) ) : RETURN
551 PRINT" SHIFT " ;CHR$ (94) ; " : M
OVE CHAR- LINE TOWARD" : PRINT"
CURSOR HALF OF SCREEN" :PRI
NT
960 POKE&H23,Al:POKE&H2 4,A2:IFKS
<=LEN (AC$) THENK$=MID$ ( AC$ , KS , 1) :
KS=KS+1 : GOSUB970 : GOTO70ELSESCI=0
:PUT(L,T) -(L+1,T+D) ,S:U=UT:GOT04
5
970 IFASC(K$)=94THENK$=CHR$(13) :
RETURNELSERETURN
980 V«192-(D+1) *INT(192/(D+1) ) :T
=V : RETURN
2020 POKE&HFFD6,0:IFEOF(1)=-1THE
NCLOSE # 1 : POKE&HFFD7 , 0 : SCI=0 : PUT (
L,T) -(L+1,T+D) ,S:U=UT:GOT045ELSE
G0SUB445 : LINEINPUT#1 , SK$ : POKE&HF
FD7,0
2025 IFSK=0THENSCI=0:U=UT:GOTO22
00
2030 POKE&H23,Al:POKE&H24,A2:IFK
S<=LEN (SK$ ) THENK$=MID$ (SK$ , KS , 1)
ELSE2100
2032 IFASC(K$)=91THENK$=CHR$(13)
:RS=1
2035 IFL>U AND KS=1 AND K$=" "TH
ENPUT(L,T)-(L+1,T+D) , S : L=U : IFT<P
AND T<191-2*D THENT=T+1+D ELSES
K=0:GOTO2025
2040 KS=KS+1:GOTO70
2080 IFSCIO2THEN193ELSESK=0:GOT
02025
2100 IFSK$=""THENPUT(L,T) -(L+1,T
+D),S:L=U ELSEKS=1:IFRS=1THENRS=
0:GOTO2020ELSEIFL+S+8>W THEN3100
ELSEK$=" ":GOTO70
2110 IFT<P AND T<191-2*D THENT=T
+1+D : G0T07 0ELSESK=0 : G0T02 025
2200 T=V: CLS : PRINT @ 19 5 , "SAVE RES
T OF ";FA$;":";ZA$: PRINT" FOR
LATER INPUT? (Y/N) »■ ;
2220 K$=INKEY$:IFK$=""THEN2220
2230 IFK$="N" OR K$="n"THENCLOSE
#1:GOTO280
2240 IFK$="Y" OR K$="y"THENPRINT
@386,"THE REST WILL BE SAVED IN
THE FILE CALLED REST:";ZA$
2300 IFFA$="REST"THENRE$="TEMP"E
LSERE$="REST
2301 POKE&HFFD6,0 :OPEN"0" , #2 ,RE$
+":"+ZA$
2305 GOSUB2400:IFKS>=LEN(SK$)THE
N2310
2307 PRINT#2,RIGHT$(SK$,LEN(SK$)
-KS)
2310 IFE0F(1)=-1THENCL0SE#1:CL0S
E#2:GOTO2330
2320 GOSUB44 5:LINEINPUT#l,SK$:PR
INT#2 , SK$ : G0T02 3 10
23 30 I FRE $= " TEMP " THENKILL "REST/ D
AT: "+ZA$: RENAME "TEMP/DAT : "+ZA$ T
0"REST/DAT: "+ZA$
2340 GOTO280
2400 KS=KS-1 : IFKS=0THENRETURNELS
EIFMID$ (SK$ , KS , 1) <>" "THEN2400EL
SERETURN
3040 GOSUB440:SK=6:KS=1:SCI=2:CL
S : PRINT @ 200, "FILENAME: "; :LINEIN
PUTFA$ : Z$=RIGHT$ (FA$,2) : ZA$="0" :
IFASC (Z$) =58THENZA$=RIGHT$ (Z$ , 1)
: FA$=LEFT$ ( FA$ , LEN ( FA$ ) -2 )
3050 POKE&HFFD6,0:OPEN"I", #1,FA$
+":"+ZA$: RETURN
3060 GOSUB440:CLS:PRINT@200, "1:
SCREEN FILE":PRINT@232,"2: ASCII
FILE"
3070 K$=INKEY$:IFK$=""THEN3070EL
SEIFK$="1"THENGOSUB20 : GOTO200ELS
EIFK$="2 "THEN3080ELSESOUND60 , 5 : G
OTO200
3080 Q=1:UT=U:GOSUB3040:GOTO280
3100 PUT(L,T) -(L+1,T+D) ,S:L=U:IF
T<P AND T<191-2*D THENT=T+D+1 : GO
TO2020ELSESK$=" ":GOTO2110
3600 CLOSE#1:FORI=0TO3000:NEXT:G
OTO200
108
THE RAINBOW September 1 988
OVER
Vz OFF
NOW Your Computer Writes
PROGRAMS for YOU with
QUIKPRO+II
In minutes even if you know nothing about programming!
For COCO, IBM, Tandy, Apple, Commodore, and others.
To Computer Users.
Now you can tell your computer what you want and your computer
can write your programs for you in minutes to your custom design — easily and without
requiring any programming background from you. ..with QUIKPRO+II.
A Breakthrough In Micro Computer Technology
You know your computer is fantastically fast... once it knows what to do. Programs
and software are what makes it happen. Every task your computer performs for you
requires some kind of program. Until now, you could only get programs in just one
of two ways: buy a canned package that many times doesn't meet your needs
or hand over hundreds or thousands of dollars for a custom programming job.
Now, you have a better choice...
Programs Without Programming
Automatic programming is what it's all about. And, with QUIKPRO + II the
Automatic Program Writer, your computer can actually write programs
for you. You can quickly generate a new individual application
program when you want it with QUIKPRO + II. Each program you
create is a completely stand alone program that will run in the
standard BASIC language you already have on your own
computer. QUIKPRO+II creates filing, data retrieval, and report
programs. Best of all, you do not have to become a
programmer to use QUIKPRO + II. The QUIKPRO + II software
becomes your personal programmer, waiting to do your
work for you any time of the day or night you choose to use it.
RAINBOW
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Proven and Widely Used
Businesses, Schools, Hobbyists and Government are among our thousands of users.
John Hopkins
U.S. Department of
Agriculture
Proctor & Gamble
Federal Express
American Express
Monsanto
Ford Motor Company
Duracell International
NASA
Westinghouse
U.S. Navy
NCR
DuPont
RCA
Exxon
AT&T
Texas Tech
General Electric
Random House
Tandy Corporation
Satellite Broadcasting
r
APPLICATION CHECKLIST
Here are a few of the thousands of possible applications
you can do with QUIKPRO+II. ..And most can be created in
a few minutes.
BUSINESS USES
Customer Filing
Master Files for
General Ledgers
Accts. Receiv.
Accts. Payable
Telephone Logs
Telephone Lists
Hotelflravel Data
Reservations
Property Control
Library Catalogues
Inventories
EDUCATIONAL USES
Student Records
Grade Records
Teacher Lists
School Lists
Program Design
Course Design
HOME & HOBBY USES
Personal Records
Check Lists
Club Rosters
Telephone Directories
Recipe Files
ORDER NOW - OVER Y 2 OFF
CALL TOLL FREE 24 HOURS
1-800-872-8787, Operator 860
(From Georgia Call 1-800-874-5112, Operator 860
YES, send me QUIKPRO + II for $29.50 plus
$4.50 shipping & handling $34.00 total.
SAVE OVER Vi OFF the reg. $149 price.
Check your computer type & payment
[ ] Color Computer
2 or 3 with Disk
] TANDY 1000, 1200, 3000
] IBM/Compatible
] Commodore 64
] Apple 2, 2C, 2E
] TRS-80 Mod 3
] TRS-80 Mod 4
] TRS-80 Mod 2
[
] Payment enclosed
[ ] MasterCard [
Card #
] VISA
Expiration Date
Name
Address
Ciry/State/Zip
Mail Orders to: ICR FutureSoft, P.O. Box 1446-EH
Orange Park, FL 32073
210 ,
77
543 .. .
133
2025 , ,
31
2210 . .
190
3060 ,
111
END , ,
....20
Listing 3: PP.TCHWPH
11 SS=1 : SF=1 : FC=1 : CD=7
16 HCOLOR3:ON BRK GOT0715
18 ON ERR GOTO7000
50 HSCREENH : HBUFF1 , 399: HGET ( 8 t 15
2)-(9,152+D) ,1
70 IFQ=1 AND ZOU AND L+4>W-1THE
NFL=l:GOT0195
82 IFSCI=1THEN960ELSEIFSCI=2 AND
KS=1THEN2020ELSEIFSCI=2THEN2030
115 IFK=32THENZ=L+S:IFL+8<W THEN
HLINE (L, T) - (L+7 , T+D) , PRESET, BF:L
=L+S : G0T06 5ELSEHLINE ( L , T ) - ( L+l , T
+D) , PRESET ,BF:L=U: IFT<P AND T<19
1-2 *D THENT=T+1+D:GOTO65ELSEFL=0
:GOTO2080
130 IFK=8THENL=2*INT ( • 5*L) : HLINE
( L, T) - ( L+l , T+D) , PRESET , BF : IFL> IT
HENL=L-2 : GOTO65ELSEL=0 : GOT065
171 IFK=95THENI=2*H+2 :HPUT(L,T) -
(L+l, T+D) , 1 : IFL>W* . 5THENHGET (U , T
) - (W-I-l , T+D) , 6 : HPUT (U+I , T) - (W-l
, T+D) , 6ELSEHGET (U+I , T) - (W-l, T+D)
,6:HPUT(U,T) -(W-1-I,T+D) ,6
175 IFK09 5THENHPUT (L, T) - (L+l, T+
D) ,l:GOT065ELSE65
185 IFQ=0 OR Z=U THENL=U : IFT<P A
ND T<191-2*D THENT=T+D+1:GOTO90E
LSE90
190 FL=2
21J3 HGET ( Z , T) - (L, T+D) , 6 : HPUT ( Z , T
) - (L, T+D) , 4 : L1=L-Z : L=U : Z=U : IFT<P
AND T<191-2*D THENT=T+D+1ELSE20
80
22J3 IFSCK>2THENHPUT(L,T) -(L+Ll,
T+D) ,6:L=L+Ll+L2:L=2*INT(.5*L+.5
) : L2=0ELSEL=U : GOSUB2400 : KS=KS+1 :
GOTO2030
223 N=FL+l:ON N GOTO65,75,90
265 IFK$="I" OR K$="i"THEN3060
38 5 GOSUB545
387 HGET (L,T) -(L+l, T+D) ,l:GOT065
390 POKE&HE6E4, &HE6: HSCREENH :POK
E&HE6E4 , &HE7 : HGET (16, 20) - ( 111 , 17
0) ,5:HPUT(16,20)-(111,95) ,4:HPUT
(16,96)-(111,170) ,4
400 Y=10 : OPEN 11 !" , #1, "FONTMENU"
410 FORI=0TO9:GOSUB485:LINEINPUT
# 1 , A$ : Y=Y+16 : HDRAW" S4BM2 4 , "+STR$
( Y) +A$ : NEXT : CLOSE # 1
541 CLS:LOCATE6,12:PRINT"DO YOU
WANT TO CHANGE THE" : LOCATE 6 , 13 : P
RINT" BOTTOM MARGIN? (Y/N) }
542 K$=INKEY$ : IFK$=""THEN542ELSE
IFK$="N" OR K$="n"THENL=U:T=V:RE
TURNELSEIFK$="Y" OR K$="y"THEN54
3ELSESOUND60 , 5 :GOT0542
543 LOCATE 6, 16: PRINT" DO YOU WANT
IT AT THE MOST": LOCATE 6, 17 :PRIN
T "RECENT CURSOR POSITION? (Y/N)
" :LOCATE6, 18 : PRINT" IF NOT, IT W
ILL BE SET TO THE" : LOCATE6 , 19 : PR
INT" LOWEST POSSIBLE CURSOR POSIT
ION.":LOCATE37,17:IFV$="B" OR V$
="b"THENGOSUB980
544 K$=INKEY$:IFK$=""THEN544ELSE
IFK$="N" OR K$="n"THENGOSUB980:G
OT0545ELSEIFK$="Y" OR K$="y"THEN
P=T : L=U : T=V : RETURNE LS ES OUND 6 5,0:
GOT0544
545 P=V+(D+1) *(-l+INT( (192-V)/(D
+1) ) ) : RETURN
617 PRINT" SHIFT ";CHR$(94)+
": MOVE CHAR- LINE TOWARD" : PRINT"
CURSOR HALF OF SCR
EEN"
715 RGB:CLS3 : POKE&HFFD8 ,0 : DRIVE0
720 END
960 POKE&H2 3,Al:POKE&H24,A2:IFKS
<=LEN(AC$)THENK$=MID$(AC$,KS,1) :
KS=KS+1 : GOSUB970 : GOTO90ELSESCI=0
:HPUT(L,T) -(L+l, T+D) ,l:U=UT:GOTO
65
970 IFASC(K$)=94THENK$=CHR$ (13) :
RETURNELS ERETURN
980 V=192-(D+1) *INT(192/ (D+l) ) :T
=V: RETURN
2020 POKE&HFFD8,0:IFEOF(1)=-1THE
NCLOSE#l : POKE&HFFD9 , 0 : SCI=0 : HPUT
(L, T) - (L+l , T+D) , l:U=UT:GOT065ELS
EGOSUB490 : LINEINPUT#1 , SK$ : POKE&H
FFD9,0
2025 IFSK=0THENSCI=0:U=UT:GOTO22
00
2030 POKE&H23,Al:POKE&H24,A2:IFK
S<=LEN ( SK$ ) THENK$=MID$ ( SK$ , KS , 1)
ELSE2100
2032 IFASC(K$)=91THENK$=CHR$ (13)
:RS=1
2035 IFL>U AND KS=1 AND K$=" "TH
ENHPUT (L, T) - (L+l , T+D) ,1:L=U:IFT<
P AND T<191-2*D THENT=T+ 1+ D ELSE
SK=0:GOTO2025
2040 KS=KS+1:GOTO90
2050 IFH=1THENU=4*INT ( . 25*L) :RET
URNELSEU=8*INT( . 125*L) : RETURN
2080 IFSCIO2THEN223ELSESK=0:GOT
02025
2100 IFSK$=""THENHPUT(L,T) -(L+l,
T+D),1:L=U ELSEKS=1:IFRS=1THENRS
=0:GOTO2020ELSEIFL+S+8>W THEN310
0ELSEK$=" ":GOTO90
110 THE RAINBOW September 1 988
COMPUTER AIDED INSTRUCTION
Educational Programs for Students Grade K-12 and Adult Self Studies
NEW PROGRAMS FOR YOUR TANDY 1000
ND TRS-80 COLOR COMPUTER
Compatible with Apple - Atari - Commodore - TRS 80 I, III, 4 - IBM PC Jr.
16 New Programs now available in Basic Spanish
One-syllable adjective* that
end in y usually just add |y
Whkch has one syllable?
Interactive Tutorial Programs for Home or Classroom Use
Over 1000 programs for your selection with 32 now available on disk for the Color
Computer and 500 now available for the Tandy 1000.
I
Subjc
"We're Your Educational
Software Source"
Subject No. of Programs
Reading Development 256 (4 on disk)
Reading Comprehension 48 (4 on disk)
Mathematics 128
Algebra 16 (16 on disk)
History 32 (4 on disk)
Spelling 16
Government 16
Physics 16 (4 on disk)
16 Programs in each
of the following:
Children's Tales - Carpentry - Electronics
Health Services - Office Skills - Statistics
First Aid/Safety - Economics - Business
Accounting - Psychology - MUCH MORE!
Send for our free catalog of over 1000 Dorsett educa-
tional programs for Atari, TRS 80. Apple, IBM PC Jr.,
Commodore, Tandy 1000, etc.
Apple II, TRS 80 I, HI, & 4, and
Commodore 64 computers require
respective conversion Kits (plug-in board
and stereo cassette player), $99.00. Atari
400/600/800/1200 computers require the
Atari cassette recorder and the Dorsett
4001 Educational Master Cartridge,
$9.95. For the IBM PC Jr. a cassette
adapter cable and a good cassette
recorder are required. The Tandy 1000
requires the Dorsett M10O1 speaker/PC
board kit, $69.00, and a standard
cassette recorder. A Hadlo Shack
CCR-81 or CCR-82 is recommended.
CASSETTES: $59.50 for an album con-
taining a 16-program course (8 cassettes
with 2 programs each); $9.95 for a
2-program cassette.
DISKS: $14.95 for a one-program disk;
$28.95 for two disks; $48.95 for four
disks. All disks come in a vinyl album.
Dealer Inquiries Welcome
Dorsett Educational Software features:
• Interactive Learning
• User Friendly
• Multiple Choice and Typed
• Program Advance with Correct Response
• Full-time audio narration (Cassette
Programs Only)
• Self-Paced Study
• High Resolution Graphics
• Easy Reading Text
For more information, or to order call:
TOLL FREE 1-800-654-3871
IN OKLAHOMA CALL (405) 288-2301
MasterCard
\ V j
VISA*
DORSETT
Educational Systems, Inc.
Box 1226, Norman, OK 73070
211,0 IFT<P AND T<191-2*D THENT=T
+1+D:GOTO90ELSESK=0:GOTO2025
2200 T=V:HSCREEN0:CLS:ATTR0,4
2210 LOCATE 4, 8: PRINT "Do you want
to save on disk the res
t of the ASCII strings of" :LOCAT
E13 , 10 : PRINTFA$ ; " : " ; ZA$ : L0CATE4 ,
11: PRINT" for later translation t
o their font images? (Y
/N) " ;
222j3 K$=INKEY$:IFK$=""THEN2220
2230 IFK$="N" OR K$="n"THENCLOSE
#1:GOTO320
2240 IFK$="Y" OR K$="y"THENLOCAT
E4, 14: PRINT "The rest of the stri
ngs will be saved in RES
T : " ; ZA$ ;
2300 IFFA$="REST"THENRE$="TEMP"E
LSERE$= 5 "REST
2301 POKE&HFFD8,0:OPEN"O",#2,RE$
+" : "+ZA$
2305 GOSUB2400:IFKS>=LEN(SK$)THE
N2310
2307 PRINT#2,RIGHT$(SK$,LEN(SK$)
-KS)
2310 IFE0F(1)=-1THENCL0SE#1:CL0S
E#2:GOTO2330
2320 GOSUB490:LINEINPUT#1,SK$:PR
INT# 2 , SK$ : G0T02 3 10
2330 I FRE $= " TEMP " THENKI LL" RES T / D
AT : "+ZA$ : RENAME "TEMP/ DAT : "+ZA$ T
0"REST/DAT:"+ZA$
2340 GOTO320
2 400 KS=KS-1 : IFKS=0THENRETURNELS
EIFMID$(SK$,KS / 1)<>" "THEN2400EL
SERETURN
3040 G0SUB4 8 5 : SK=6 : KS=1 : SCI=2 : CL
S : LOCATE 4 , 8 : PRINT "Type filename
of ASCII file you want t
ranslated : " ; : LINEINPUTFA$ : Z$=R
IGHT$ (FA$ , 2) : ZA$="0" : IFASC (Z$) =5
8THENZA$=RIGHT$ (Z$ , 1) : FA$=LEFT$ (
FA$,LEN(FA$)-2)
3050 POKE&HFFD8,0:OPEN"I", #1,FA$
+":"+ZA$: RETURN
3060 GOSUB485:CLS:LOCATE11,10:PR
INT"1: SCREEN FILE" : L0CATE11 , 11 :
PRINT"2: ASCII FILE"
3070 K$=INKEY$:IFK$=""THEN3070EL
SEIFK$=" 1 "THENG0SUB3 0 : G0T02 3 0ELS
EIFK$«"2 "THEN3080ELSESOUND60 , 5 : G
OTO230
3080 Q=1:UT=U:GOSUB3040:GOTO320
3100 HPUT(L,T) -(L+1,T+D) ,1:L=U:I
FT<P AND T<191-2*D THENT=T+D+ 1 : G
OTO2020ELSESK$=" " : G0T02 110
3600 CLOSE#1:FORI=0TO3000:NEXT:G
OTO230
7000 IFERLIN=2330THEN2 340
7005 I FERLIN= 1 70THENT 1=T : F0RI=1T
OSF:HPUT(U,T) -(W-1,T+INT(D/SF) ) ,
4 : T=T+INT ( D/ S F ) : NEXT : T=T1 : L=U : GO
T065
7010 IFERLIN=2320 AND ERNO=23 TH
ENCLOSE#l:CLOSE#2 :GOTO2330
7020 IFERLIN=30 OR ERLIN=3050 TH
ENSCI=0 : SOUND60 , 5 : LOCATES , 12 : PRI
NT "THERE IS NO FILE BY THAT NAME
":L0CATE7,13:PRINT"ON THE DISK I
N DRIVE "; :IFZ$=""THENPRINT"0":G
OTO3600ELSEIFASC (Z$) =58THENPRINT
RIGHT $ ( Z$ , 1) : G0T03 600ELSEPRINT"0
" : GOTO 3 600
7030 IFERLIN=25THENKILLF$+"/HRl"
: KILLF$+ "/HR2 " : RENAME " OUT 1/ B IN " T
OF$+"/HRl":RENAME"OUT2/BIN"TOF$+
"/HR2 " :GOTO230
7040 GOT0715
150
172
300
, 233
460
, 133
END
...251
Listing 4: CQNVERTL
10 CLEAR3000
20 CLS:PRINT@140,"CONVERTL":PRIN
T@199,"BY H. ALLEN CURTIS ": PRINT
@2 3 3, "COPYRIGHT 1988
30 PRINT: PRINT" DO YOU NEED INST
RUCTIONS ABOUT" : PRINT" WHAT THIS
PROGRAM DOES & WHAT": PRINT" ITS
REQUIREMENTS ARE? (Y/N)": PRINT
11 ii .
40 K$=INKEY$ : IFK$=" "THEN40ELSEPR
INTK$ ; : IFK$="N"THEN380ELSEIFK$<>
"Y"THEN40
50 DIMA$(25)
60 A$(0)=" THIS PROGRAM CONVER
TS A
70 A$(l)="WORD PROCESSOR FILE TO
ANOTHER
80 A$(2)="DISK FILE WITH A STRUC
TURE
90 A$ (3)=" COMPATIBLE WITH DESKTO
PL
100 A$(4)="USAGE.
110 A$(5)=" THE WORD PROCESSOR
FILE
120 A$(6)="MUST BE A "+CHR$(34)+
"PURE"+CHR$(34)+" ASCII FILE:
130 A$(7)="NO IMBEDDED CODES, NO
PRINTER
140 A$ (8) ="CODES, NO HYPHEN ENDI
NG LINES,
112 THE RAINBOW September 1988
150 A$(9)=
IN THE
160 A$(10
KTOPL.
170 A$(ll
R FILE
' 180 A$(12
D AS
190 A$(13
200 A$(14
HE
210 A$(15
ND OF ANY
220 A$(16
MORE
230 A$(17
ER OF
240 A$(18
RST WORD
250 A$(19
THAT NEXT
260 A$(20
WITH ONE
270 A$(21
280 A$(22
HE
290 A$(23)
ND OF THE
"AND NO CHARACTERS NOT
=" CHARACTER SET OF DES
THE WORD PROCESSO
= '*MUST ALSO BE MODIFIE
=" FOLLOWS:
=»1. YOU MUST APPEND T
= 11 CHARACTER [ TO THE E )
="LINE THAT ENDS WITH
= ff SPACES THAN THE NUMB
= 11 CHARACTERS IN THE FI
="OF THE NEXT LINE IF
="LINE DOES NOT START
="OR MORE SPACES.
="2. YOU MUST APPEND T
= 11 CHARACTER ] TO THE E
300 A$(24) ="LAST LINE OF THE DOC
UMENT •
320 CLS:FORI=0TO13
330 PRINT" » ;A$(I) : NEXT : PRINT : PR
INT" PRESS SPACE TO CONTINUE"
340 K$=INKEY$:IFK$=""THEN340
350 CLS : PRINT : FORI=14T024 : PRINT"
";A$(I) :NEXT
3 60 PRINT: PRINT" DO YOU HAVE A S
UITABLE FILE" : PRINT" READY? (Y/N
ii
370 K$=INKEY$ : IFK$=""THEN370ELSE
IFK$=" Y"THEN3 8 0ELSEEND
380 CLS: PRINT© 19 3, "ENTER FILENAM
E OF ASCII FILE. ": PRINT" INCLUDE
THE EXTENSION. ": PRINT" "
; :LINEINPUTF$
390 N=INSTR(F$, "/") : IFN=0THEN380
ELSEG$=LEFT$ (F$ ,N) +»DAT"
400 IFRIGHT$ (F$ , 3 ) ="DAT"THENRENA
MEF$ TO LEFT$ (F$ ,N) +"TXT"
410 CLS :PRINT@235, "CONVERTING ";
420 OPEN"D", #1,F$:FIELD#1,128 AS
A$,128 AS B$
430 OPEN"©", #2,G$
440 IFDONE=lTHENCLOSE#l : PRINT" . "
; : PRINT#2 , Q$ : CLOSE#2 : PRINT: PRINT
BASIC UTILITY DISKETTE
A real time saver for the person who develops
software using COCO Basic.
— DUMPDIR: Prints a hard copy of a disk's
directory. No more searching one disk after
another looking for a lost file.
— DUMPCRT: Copies text from the screen to the
printer. Versions included for 40 and 80 column
COCO 3 text screens.
— DUMPFILE: Dumps any disk file to the printer.
Printout can be in either decimal or in hex values.
— CROSSREF: Prints cross reference of source
and destination line numbers for basic jump
instructions (GOTO, GOSUB, etc.).
— COMPARE: Reads two BASIC Programs from
diskette and compares them line by line. Lists all
lines that are not identical.
Requires COCO 2 or 3, disk and printer.
Order at $19.95 plus $2 p&h.
Calif, residents add $1.20 tax. _
T.E.M. of California
Box 4311
Fullerton, CA 92634-4311
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CERTIFICATION
SEAL
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EDUCATORS-EXPERIMENTORS
CoCo EXPANDERS
Robotics - Synthesizers - Control, -A/D
EXTENDER
$45.00 ^
RAINBOW
6821 PIA Chip CK ^ 0H
2-8 bit l/O's +
4 control lines, E, R/W
Use with Basic or M.L.
Bread board style
output connectors
Use alone or with
extender
Gold edge connector
Extends Bus &
control lines for
easy access
1 horizontal &
2 vertical sockets
Logic Analyzer
Plug In
Gold connectors
— PIA — 6821
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£ FRASER INSTRUMENT CO. *
* P.O. BOX 712
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September 1988 THE RAINBOW 113
$45.00
Other Boards Include: Rom Board — I/O Bread Board — EPROM
Burner — PIA 8255 — PIA 6522 — Single Board Computer
MERIDIAN, ID 83642
Please add $3.50 S/H *
Idaho Residents Add *
5% Sales Tax *
9-6 M-F (MST) $
DONE " : ENDSTOPE
LSENO=NO+l : GET#1, NO : Q$=A$
450 M$="] ,, :A=INSTR(A$,M$) :B=INST
R(B$,M$) :IFA>0 OR B>0THENDONE=1:
IFB>j3THENB$=LEFT$ (B$ , B-l) ELSEQ$=
LEFT$(Q$,A-1) :B$=""
46J3 N=INSTR(Q$,CHR$(13) )
470 IFN>J3THENG0SUB62J3 : PRINT" . " ; :
Q$=RIGHT$ (Q$,LEN(Q$) -N) : IFQ$= ,,,, T
HENQ$=B$:GOTO530ELSE4 60
480 1=1
490 IFLEN(Q$)=I THENK=0 : GOTO520
500 K=INSTR(LEN(Q$)+1-I,Q$," ") :
IFK=0THENI=I+1 : GOTO490
510 PRINT#2,LEFT$(Q$,K-1) : PRINT"
• " 7
520 Q$=RIGHT$ (Q$,LEN(Q$) -K)+B$
530 N=INSTR (Q$ , CHR$ ( 13 ) )
540 IFN>0THENGOSUB620 : PRINT" . " ; :
Q$=RIGHT$ (Q$ , LEN (Q$) -N) : IFQ$=" "T
HEN440ELSE530
550 1=1
560 IFLEN(Q$)=I THENK=0 : GOTO 5 9 0
570 K=INSTR(LEN(Q$)+1-I,Q$," ") :
IFK=0THENI=I+1 : GOTO560
580 PRINT#2 , LEFT$ (Q$, K-l) : PRINT"
» " *
590 Q$=RIGHT$(Q$,LEN(Q$)-K)
600 IFDONE=lTHENCLOSE#l: PRINT" . "
; : PRINT#2 , Q$ : CLOSE#2 : PRINT: PRINT
" DONE " : ENDE LS ENO=N
0+1 : GET# 1 , NO : Q$=Q$+A$
61.0 GOTO450
620 IFLEFT$ (Q$ ,N) =CHR$ (13 ) THENPR
INT#2," [ " : RETURNELSEPRINT#2 , LEF
T$(Q$,N-1) : RETURN
150
142
300
199
450
51
END
...197
Listing 5: CDNVERTH
AT'
MENTS
40 K$"-JLWXVCji
INTK$ ; : IFK$ :
"Y"THEN40
50 DIMA$(25)
60 A$(0)=" THIS PROGRAM CONVER
TS A
70 A$(l)= fl WORD PROCESSOR FILE TO
ANOTHER
80 A$(2)="DISK FILE WITH A STRUC
TURE
90 A$ (3)=" COMPATIBLE WITH DESKTO
PH
100 A$(4)="USAGE.
110 A$(5)=" THE WORD PROCESSOR
FILE
120 A$(6)="MUST BE A "+CHR$(34)+
"PURE"+CHR$(34)+" ASCII FILE:
130 A$(7)=*"NO IMBEDDED CODES, NO
PRINTER
140 A$ (8)=" CODES, NO HYPHEN ENDI
NG LINES,
150 A$(9)«"AND NO CHARACTERS NOT
IN THE
160 A$ (10
KTOPH.
170 A$ (11
R FILE
180 A$ (12
D AS
190 A$ (13
200 A$ (14
HE
210 A$ (15
ND OF ANY
220 A$(16
MORE
230 A$(17
ER OF
240 A$(18
RST WORD
250 A$(19
THAT NEXT
260 A$(20
WITH ONE
270 A$(21
280 A$(22
HE
290 A$(23
ND OF THE
300 A$(24
=" CHARACTER SET OF DES
THE WORD PROCESSO
="MUST ALSO BE MODIFIE
=" FOLLOWS:
="1. YOU MUST APPEND T
= " CHARACTER [ TO THE E
="LINE THAT ENDS WITH
= " SPACES THAN THE NUMB
=" CHARACTERS IN THE FI
—"OF THE NEXT LINE IF
="LINE DOES NOT START
= "OR MORE SPACES.
="2. YOU MUST APPEND T
=" CHARACTER ] TO THE E
="LAST LINE OF THE DOC
UMENT.
310 WIDTH40:ATTR0,4
320 CLS: PRINT: PRINT: PRINT: PRINT:
FOR I=0TO13
330 PRINT " 11 ;A$ (I) : NEXT : PRINT
: PRINT : PRINT : PRINT" " ; : AT
TR7,4,B:PRINT"HIT SPACE TO CONTI
NUE"; :ATTR0,4
340 K$=INKEY$:IFK$=""THEN340
350 CLS : PRINT : PRINT : PRINT : PRINT :
FORI=14T02 4: PRINT" ";A$(I) :NE
XT
360 ATTR7,4:L0CATE5,18:PRINT"D0
114
THE RAINBOW September 1988
YOU HAVE A SUITABLE FILE" : LOCATE
5, 19: PRINT "READY? (Y/N) " ; : ATTR
0 4
37J3 K$=INKEY$ : IFK$=" "THEN37J3ELSE
IFK$="Y"THEN38pELSEEND
38j3 CLS : LOCATE5 , 9 : PRINT"ENTER FI
LENAME OF ASCII FILE . " : LOCATE5 , 1
J3 : PRINT " INCLUDE THE EXTENSION.":
LOCATE 12 , 12 : LINEINPUTF$
39j3 N=INSTR(F$,"/") : IFN=0THEN38j3
ELSEG$=LEFT$(F$,N)+"DAT"
4J30 I FRIGHT $ (F$ , 3 ) = " DAT " THENRENA
MEF$ TO LEFT$ (F$ ,N) +"TXT"
410 CLS:LOCATE15, lj3 : PRINT"CONVER
TING ";
420 OPEN"D" ,#1,F$:FIELD#1,128 AS
A$,128 AS B$
430 OPEN"0",#2,G$
44J3 IFDONE=lTHENCLOSE#l : PRINT" . "
; : PRINT #2 , Q$ : CLOSE # 2 : PRINT : PRINT
" DONE": ENDS
TOPELSENO=NO+l : GET# 1 , NO : Q$=A$
45J3 M$="]" :A=INSTR(A$,M$) :B=INST
R(B$,M$) :IFA>0 OR B>0THENDONE=1 :
IFB>0THENB$=LEFT$ (B$ , B-l) ELSEQ$=
LEFT$(Q$,A-1) :B$=""
460 N=INSTR(Q$,CHR$ (13) )
47j3 IFN>j3THENGOSUB620: PRINT
ii ii . .
Q$=RIGHT$ (Q$ , LEN (Q$ ) -N) : IFQ$=» "T
HENQ$=B$:GOT053j3ELSE46j3
480 1=1
49j3 IFLEN(Q$)«I THENK= : GOTO 5 2 J3
500 K=INSTR(LEN(Q$)+1-I,Q$," ■• ) :
IFK=J3THENI=I+1:G0T049P
510 PRINT#2,LEFT$(Q$,K-1) : PRINT"
tt •
520 Q$=RIGHT$ (Q$ , LEN (Q$) -K) +B$
530 N=INSTR(Q$,CHR$(13) )
540 IFN>0THENGOSUB62j3 : PRINT" . " ; :
Q$=RIGHT$ (Q$ , LEN (Q$) -N) : IFQ$=" "T
HEN440ELSE53j3
550 1=1
560 IFLEN(Q$)=I THENK= 0 : GOTO 5 9
570 K=INSTR(LEN(Q$)+1-I,Q$, » »):
IFK=0THENI=I+1 : GOTO560
580 PRINT#2,LEFT$(Q$,K-1) : PRINT"
ii .
ii
590 Q$=RIGHT$ (Q$,LEN(Q$) -K)
600 IFDONE=lTHENCLOSE#l: PRINT"
; : PRINT #2 , Q$ : CLOSE #2 : PRINT: PRINT
" DONE" :ENDELSE
NO=NO+l : GET# 1 , NO : Q$=Q$+A$
610 GOTO450
620 IFLEFT$(Q$,N)=CHR$(13)THENPR
INT#2," [ " : RETURNELSEPRINT#2 , LEF
T$(Q$,N-1) : RETURN
• - » • • i » • * • . .*
:f-:>X"*.'-. „;♦»; !? m "? 4 ****UV V.V.V.V >!.
t-y. •. . J. .v":
I
EEED
ACCESSORIES
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$329. 95
DrlvB 1 Upgraded DSOD For your 26-3129 or
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5119.95
Drlue 0-SSDO Full Height"
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COCO 3 512K UpgradB
COCO 3 Keyboard
$209.95
$135.95
$219.95
-$34.95
>
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30 CPS - ttLD
3K BUFFER
REQUIRES SERIAL TO
PARALLEL INTERFACE
•'.'■'.'■■I'
Software & Misc.
Art Deli(440 Pix on 10 disks)
COCO Graphics Designer
ADOS - $29,95 ADOS
3 -
Serial to Parallel Conuerters
FKEVS III - $19.95 Sixdriue -
Telewriter 64 - $59.95 COCO-Utll -
Gauntlet - $20.95 Pyranlx -
Dlato Super Controller
COCO In Stitch (X-Stltch Patterna)-
$99.95
$29.95
$39.95
$54.95
$19.95
$39.95
$24,95
$99.95
$'3,95
Specify R.S, or Dlsto
Controller.
ALL DISK DRIUES
CARRY A 10 DAY
WARflflUTY.
The Computer Center
5512 Poplar Ave. Memphis, TN 38119 901-761-4565
Add $4,90 for Shipping I Handling. UISRj Raster Card! I Honey Orders Receptee!,
Allow 3 Weeks for personal checks! NO CODS, Prices nay change without notice,
IF YOU OOti'T SEE
IT, ASK US I
3
September 1988 THE RAINBOW 115
1R0
280
85
380 ...
8
480 ,
, 77
580 , .
. 175
END , ,
...222
Listing 6: MONROE
10 DIMA$(64)
20 A$(0)="
Example:
30 A$(l)="
40 A$(2)="
50 A$(3)="ASCII File[
60 A$ (4)="Historical Document [
70 A$(5)="To Desktop Screen
80 A$(6)="
90 A$(7)="
100 A$(8)="
110 A$(9)="
120 A$(10)=" To the House of R
epresentatives of the United Sta
tes:
130 A$(ll)="
140 A$(12)=" By a resolution
of Congress approved on the 27t
h of
150 A$(13)="March, 1818, it was
directed that the journal, acts,
and
160 A$ (14) ="proceedings of the C
onvention which formed the prese
nt
170 A$(15)="Constitution of the
United States should be publishe
d , under
180 A$(16)="the direction of the
President of the United States,
190 A$(17)="together with the se
cret journals of the acts and
200 A$ (18) ="proceedings, and the
foreign correspondence (with a
certain
210 A$ (19)="exception) , of the C
ongress of the United States fro
m the
220 A$ (20) =" first meeting thereo
f down to the date of the ratifi
cation
230 A$(21)="of the definitive tr
eaty of peace between Great Brit
ain and
240 A$(22)="the United States in
the year 1783, and that 1,000 c
opies
250 A$ (23)="thereof should be pr
inted, of which one copy should
be
260 A$ (24) =" furnished to each me
mber of that (the Fifteenth) Con
gress ,
270 A$(25)="and the residue shou
Id remain subject to the future
280 A$ (26) ^"disposition of Congr
ess,
290 A$(27)=" And by a resolu
tion of Congress approved on the
21st
300 A$ (2 8)=" April, 1820, it was
provided that the secret journal
310 A$ (29)=" together with all th
e papers and documents connected
with
320 A$(30)="that journal, and al
1 other papers and documents her
etofore
330 A$ (31) ^"considered confident
ial, of the old Congress, from t
he date
340 A$(32)="of the ratification
of the definitive treaty of the
year
350 A$ (33) ="1783 to the formatio
n of the present Government, whi
ch were
3 60 A$ (34) ="remaining in the off
ice of the Secretary of State, s
hould be
370 A$ (35)="published under the
direction of the President of th
e United
380 A$(36)="States, and that 1,0
00 copies thereof should be prin
ted and
390 A$(37)="deposited in the Lib
rary subject to the disposition
of
400 A$(38)="Congress.
410 A$(39)=" In pursuance of
these two resolutions, 1,000 co
pies of
420 A$(40)="the journals and act
s of the Convention which formed
the
430 A$ (41) ="Constitution have be
en heretofore printed and placed
at the
440 A$ (42 ) ="disposal of Congress
, and 1,000 copies of the secret
450 A$ (43)=" journals of the Cong
ress of the Confederation, compl
ete,
460 A$(44)="have been printed, 2
50 copies of which have been res
erved to
470 A$ (45) ="comply with the dire
ction of furnishing one copy to
each
116
THE RAINBOW September 1988
48)3 A$ (46)="member of the Fiftee
nth Congress; the remaining 75J3
copies
49J3 A$ (47) ="have been deposited
in the Library and are now at th
e
5j3j3 A$ (48) ="disposal of Congress
51J3 A$(49)=" By the general
appropriation act of 9th April,
1818,
52j3 A$(5J3)="the sum of $lj3,J3j3j3 w
as appropriated for defraying th
e
53j3 A$ (51)=" expenses of printing
done pursuant to the resolution
of the
54J3 A$(52)="27th of March of tha
t year. No appropriation has ye
t been
55) 3 A$ (53)= "made to defray the e
xpenses incident to the executio
n of the
56) 3 A$ (54)="resolution of 21st A
pril, 182j3. The whole expense h
itherto
57) 3 A$ (55)=" incurred in carrying
both resolutions into effect ha
s
58) 3 A$ (56)=" exceeded by $542.56
the appropriation of April, 1818
This
59) 3 A$ (57) ="balance remains due
to the printers, and is included
in the
6) 3)3 A$ (58) =" estimates of appropr
iation for the year 1822. That
part of
61) 3 A$(59)="the resolution of th
e 27th March, 1818, which direct
s the
62) 3 A$(6)3)="publication of the f
oreign correspondence of the Con
gress of
63) 3 A$(61)="the Confederation re
mains yet to be executed, and a
further
64) 3 A$ (62)="appropriation will b
e necessary for carrying it into
effect.
65) 3 A$(63)="
66) 3 A$(64)="
James Monroe]
7) 3)3 OPEN"0" , #1, "HISTDOC/TXT"
72) 3 FORI=)3T064:PRINT#l,A$(I) :NEX
T
73) 3 CL0SE#1
TEXTFORM
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September 1 988 THE RAINBOW 117
The CREATE command in Work-
space can be very useful, as we
learned last month. However,
some of the benefits of building text files
may not be readily apparent to the
novice user. 1 am always discovering
new ways to make the system work.
Writing Letters "Offline"
Keep in mind, a file in workspace is
just that — a file. Delphi allows files to
be in either text format (ASCII) or
binary format. Source code falls under
the text category, while an executable
program is usually in binary.
In any case, let's suppose you want to
send a letter describing some new CoCo
fact you have discovered. You know you
want to send it to one specific user, but
it would be very time-consuming to type
the letter over again should someone
else want the information. We can use
Workspace to help us save some time
and effort. Use CREATE to write the
letter in Workspace instead of writing it
in Mail. When you have pressed CTRL-
z to save the letter in Workspace, you
are ready to send it.
Just exit Workspace and go to Mail.
At the Mail prompt, enter SEND file-
name, where filename is the name of the
letter you wrote using the CREATE
command. Delphi will respond with
To : , just as if you were getting ready to
write a new letter. However, after an-
swering the expected prompts, you will
not be given the usual opportunity to
enter text. Instead, Delphi will send the
file you specified with the SEND com-
mand to the username(s) supplied. And
the file is stored in Workspace ready to
be sent to anyone else you might choose
at a later time.
Incidentally, there is another way to
accomplish the above feat. Write your
letter in Mail as usual, but send a copy
of the letter to yourself as well by
including your username at the To:
prompt. Now when reading your new
Mail messages, as soon as you have read
the letter in question, enter EXTRACT/
NQHEADER filename. This will cause the
text of the letter to be saved in your
Workspace under the name filename,
Cray Augsburg is rainbow's technical
editor and has an associate's degree in
electrical engineering. He and his wife,
Ruth Ann, have two children and live
in Louisville, Kentucky. His username
on Delphi is CRA Y.
Broaden your online
horizons using the create
command
Creating
Online
By Cray Augsburg
Rainbow Technical Editor
and you can send the letter to other
users as described.
Online APB's?
Let's say you and a bunch of your
online cohorts form a little club in
which you trade jokes via the Mail
system. As the group grows, you notice
it's getting harder and harder to type out
all the group's usernames every time
you want to send them all the same
letter. After all, entering one or two
usernames isn't too tedious, but seven
or eight gets to be a real bummer. A
distribution list can really help us here.
Go to your Workspace and enter
CREATE filename. DI5. The filename
can be any descriptive name you choose
(a good one for this example might be
Database Report
By Don Hutchison
Rainbow CoCo SIG Database Manager
Through the kindness of James Farmer
(modemmaster), we now have over 20
digitized pictures online of the people
attending the Chicago RAlNBOWfestl You'll
find these DS-69B pictures in the CoCo 3
Graphics topic of the database. Included
are pictures of these notables: Lonnie and
Willo Falk; Marty Goodman; Steve Bjork;
Dale Lear; Kip Bryan of Delphi; Belinda
Kirby, Kim Vincent, Cray Augsburg,
Wendy Falk, and Donna Shuck of THE
RAINBOW; and such commercial vendors as
Burke & Burke, Computer Plus, Speech
Systems, Tom Mix, Granite Computer
Systems, Howard Medical, Cer-Comp and
Diecom. Thanks, James!
OS-9 Online
Of General interest is Chris Burke
(cocoxt) who uploaded his fifth Applica-
tion Note with many hard disk installation
tips and information on Burke & Burke
products.
In the Utilities topic of the database,
Rick Adams (RICKADAMS) posted LS, a
public domain directory listing utility
similar to the UNIX LS command. Warren
Moore (wjmoore) posted his popular
Wmode program, which can save and
restore window attributes in memory and
can also change colors and palette regis-
ters. (The assembly source files are in-
cluded.) Bruce Isted (bruceisted) posted
a revision to his MS-DOS/ RS-DOS to
OS-9 transfer utilities, courtesy of Bob
Santy. (PCDOS . fiR was updated 6/9/ 88 and
RSDQS.flR was updated 6/22/88 to correct
some bugs, particularly ones pertaining to
80-track drives.) Bruce also posted WAIT,
a screen saver/ blanker utility. Mike Knud-
sen (ragtimer) uploaded SIZEFIX, a
utility in BASIC09, to modify the size or
length of a disk file. Bert Schneider (os-
9BERT) posted flIFGEN, a BASIC09 utility
that helps create AIFs for OS-9 Level II
on a CoCo 3* The AIFs are used by Multi-
Vue to identify icons, screen type, and
memory modifiers. Brian Wright (polter-
geist) uploaded SORTDIR, a"pure vanilla"
directory sort utility. Brian also sent us a
window disk utility and a disassembler.
Ken Schunk (KENSCHUNK) posted a
modified SCF driver in the Device Drivers
topic of the database. Ken's driver can
properly handle non-sharable devices,
such as the printer (/p).
The Patches topic gives us Jerry Yates
(BAGMAN) who uploaded CC3G0.PAT, a
text file that allows those using the Burke
& Burke XT-ROM to patch the CC3go
module and use an alternate startup and/
or autoex file.
In the Telcom topic, John Beveridge
(johntoronto) uploaded JTERM, a Level
II terminal program that supports YMo-
dem, X Modem-checksum and XModem-
CRC. Merle Kemmerly III (TOOK3) posted
TEL5TAR, a terminal program for the
CoCo 3 that features pull-down menus,
Ron Bihler (raab) uploaded an ARCed
file containing various patches and fixes
for the RiBBS system. Bill Brady
(OS9UGED) uploaded the "official" Wiz
icon and AIF set, and preliminary docu-
mentation for Wiz Pro.
In the Graphics & Music topic, Dennis
THE RAINBOW September 1988
The COCO hardware store
Controller
$99.95
Fantastic
Super Controller
• Radio Shack/Tandy controller compatible.
• Works on al| COCOs - 1, 2 w 3 with or without Multi-Pale Interface.
• One 24/28 pin socket for 8K ROM, 2764, or 27128 EPROM.
• Internal MINI-EXPANSION-BUS connector for one DISTO Super Add-On.
• Low Power draw; within COCO s requirements.
• Gold Plated edge connectors.
• Under OS-9:
• Buffered Read/Write sector achieved without halting the CPU.
• Continual use of keyboard even while reading or writing to disk.
• System's clock no longer looses time during Read & Write.
• NMI is blocked and transferred to IRQ in software for low CPU overhead
• Completely Interrupt driven for fast & smooth Multi-Tasking operations.
• Drivers written by KEVIN DARLING
A Superb Controller. Along with the included C-DOS, plug-in
three more software selectable DOSes or 2764 or 27128 EPROMs
burned to your liking.
The Internal Mini-Expansion-Bus lets you add some
incredible features to the controller. Disto Super Add-Ons
were designed to fit neatly inside the controller case.
$130.
ADD-ON
Real Time Clock & Printer Interface
Have the Real Time, Date and Year displayed
on your screen at a simple command.
$59.95
ulti-Board Adapter
This Muti-Board is an adapter that plugs in any Disto Super Controller,
Ramdisk or MEB Adapter.
It includes a new and improved Printer Port (Centronics compatible), a faster
Real Time Clock (works at 2MHz.) and a true RS-232 Serial Port (external
12 volt AC adapter required). DB25 cable included.
It fits neatly inside the metal case and is still within Tandy's power
limits. It also works with or without a Multi-Pak.
Mini EPROM Programmer
A LOW COST EPROM Programmer that attaches
directly to any Disto Super Controller or MEB
adapter to program those often used utilities^
Hard Disk Interface
A Hard Disk Interface fully compatible with
SASI controller. Fits inside the Super
Controller, Ramdisk or MEB Adapter.
OS-9 drivers included. Also available
with RS-232 Serial Port.
$49-95
-232 SuperPack
A Stand-Alone (Multi-Pak required) adapter
that gives the user a true RS-232 Serial Port.
Completely compatible with OS9's ACIA software.
Compatible with software that requires
the Tandy Deluxe RS-232 Pack.
DB-25 cable included. U R U
COMPUTERS
Super RAM 3 ZeroK Board
Now is the time to upgrade your COCO 3 to
51 2K of memory. Just add the memory chips
and install in your COCO 3.
MEB Adapter
A Stand-Alone Mini-Expansion-Bus in which
you can plug any other Disto Adapter directly
in a Multi-Pak without the need for a Super
Controller or Ramdisk.
1
Super Board
Coming this fall to a dealer near you
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10802 Lajeunesse, Montreal,
Quebec, Canada H3L 2E8
We accept phone orders • Call for Canadian Prices
Include S&H of $4 or $8 if order exceeds $75
Sorry: No personal cheques
Real Time Clock, Printer Port,
RS-232 & Hard Disk Interface
all in one neat package
Weldy (0S9ER) uploaded QUflDDUMP, a
utility for printing a Hi-Res VEF image
from st din on a Quadram Quadjet print-
er. Mike Veal (LVEAL) uploaded his version
of the Mandelbrot set- Kevin Darling
(KDARLING) uploaded his fix for the
"VDGINT blip,'* the infamous flowing
waterfall demo and viewer program, and
a CAD-like picture of the space shuttle,
modified using his Gfx editor. Kevin also
posted sixteen icons for Multi- Vue and a
humorous "Meep" sound module. Bob
Montowski (graphicspub) uploaded
some D&D "Clip Art" as well as some
erotic "Clip Art" for CoCo 3's Home
Publisher. Mike Knudsen (RAGTIMER)
posted a patch to fix a bug in the new (6/
JOKELIST). The extension, however,
must be _ D IS. This lets Delphi know the
file is really going to be used as a
distribution list, a list of several user-
names to whom you want to send a
single piece of Mail.
When Delphi is ready for you to
create the file, simply type the user-
names in question, making sure to press
ENTER after each one. It is important
that each username is spelled correctly
and that there is only one username on
each line of the file. When you have
entered the list, press CTRL-Z and Del-
phi will save the list in Workspace.
To send a joke to all of these people
at once, enter SEND at the Mail prompt.
If you have already entered your joke
using CREATE, enter SEND filename.
When Delphi responds with To:, enter
0JOKELIST. You need not include the
extension, but you must precede the
filename with the @ sign. Enter your
letter as you desire; when you press
CTRL-Z to finalize the send, your joke
will be sent to all the usernames listed
in the JOKELIST -D IS distribution list.
As the group grows, you can add new
members to the list by simply editing the
file in Workspace. You can also take
usernames off the list in the event that
someone doesn't laugh at one of your
jokes. And you can apply this same
8/88) version of UltiMusE. Mike also
posted a piano music file called NOLA . LIME
(version 1.1.1 of his Umuse program), two
scores for Umuse called Gabrieli and
Naiarag, and a hints file for getting the
most use out of the UltiMusE music score
editor and MIDI player.
The Programmers Den gives us Brian
Wright's file with two C source files:
DES .C,va utility to encrypt files, and
BACON . G, a tutorial program.
CoCo SIG
At the request of a SIG member, Dick
White (dickwhite) posted the constitu-
tion for the Cincinnati Tandy Users Group
in the General topic of the database. Gary
technique to many other applications as
well.
The SIG staff uses distribution lists
liberally. And while I understand the
need may not be as prevalent among
individual users, the example shows one
application where it can be used.
Simpler Workspace Directories
Last month, I described how to get a
directory of Workspace using the DIR/
EXCLUDE* , MRI option. This command
line will show you a directory of all
Workspace files with the exclusion of
Mail files and folders (those having the
-MRI extension.) It seems I have been
going the long way about it — there is
an easier way! Simply enter DIR/ND-
MRIL, which will accomplish the same
thing. Of course the ^EXCLUDE option
is still quite useful in other situations.
Another option for the DIR com-
mand is DIR/fi. This option gives an
abbreviated directory listing in which
all the information regarding file size,
etc., is left out. Each file in the directory
listing will be on a separate line. Ob-
viously, such a listing will go much more
quickly depending on the number of
files you have in your Workspace.
Another handy feature is that these
options can be combined. You can enter
DIR/fVNDMRIL to get an abbreviated
McCarty (bandman) uploaded an index
for the 1983-84 issues of Color Computer,
and Zack Sessions (ZACKS) provided a file
discussing computer "viruses."
In the CoCo 3 Graphics topic, John
Barrett (jbarrett) uploaded a picture of
a nude woman on a bearskin rug and some
digitized pictures from "Lost In Space."
Bob Wharton (bobwharton) posted his
drawings of the "Miami Vice" logo, a
Garfield cartoon, and several humorous
pictures admonishing others not to use
other computers. Eric Robichaud (egro-
BICHAUD) uploaded an ARCed file con-
taining an MGE viewer utility for those
using MS-DOS machines. (The MS-DOS
programs called PkxArc or Arc are re-
directory and still exclude the Mail files.
DIR/fi/EXCLUDE*.TXT produces a di-
rectory excluding any file with an
extension of .TXT,
Wildcards
You might have noticed in this and
last month's Delphi Bureau that some
of the command lines include an aster-
isk. This asterisk is known as a wildcard
character. It is something many CoCo
users are not aware of because wild-
cards are not directly supported by Disk
BASIC or even OS-9.
A wildcard causes a Workspace com-
mand to act on many related files in the
same way. The asterisk is used simply to
replace "unknown" parts of the file-
name. For instance, if you want to get
a directory of only those files with a
.TXT extension, enter DIR *.TXT. The
asterisk tells Delphi that you don't care
what the first part of the filename is.
You can break this down even further.
If you have several files in Workspace
with MEMO as the first four characters of
the regular filename, you might enter
DIR MEMO* . * to get a directory.
Obviously, these wildcards offer a
great deal of power to the user. If you
want to delete all text files in your
Workspace, you might enter DEL * . TXT.
On the other hand, use of wildcards
with a destructive command such as
DELETE can be dangerous. I urge you to
use it cautiously.
CREATE Revisited
1 want to mention some aspects to the
Workspace CREATE command that have
not been covered. First, you can use the
standard Delphi commands while using
CRERTE. For instance, pressing CTRL-X
or CTRL-U will cause Delphi to cancel
the current line (any text typed since the
last time you pressed enter). Similarly,
CTRL-R will cause Delphi to redisplay
One-Liner Contest Winner , . *
This short program converts fractions to their decimal counterparts.
The listing: 1 CLS : PRINT : PRINT 11 NUMERATOR" : P
RINT"-- — — " : PRINT" DENOMINA
TOR" : PRINT : INPUT" INPUT NUMERATOR
11 ; A: PRINT"
-» : INPUT "INPUT DENOMINATOR" ; B : D*
( 1/ B ) * A : PRINT @ 3 3 0 , A ; "/ " ; B ; " m » ; : P
RINTUS ING ".#####■■; D Charles A. Kiedaisch
Mokena, IL
(For this winning one-liner contest entry, the author has been sent copies of both The Third Rainbow Book
of Adventures and its companion The Third Rainbow Adventures Tape.)
120 THE RAINBOW September 1988
in much the same way as allowed by the
BASIC command AUDIO ON. Larry Binen-
feld (MRBAS1C) uploaded a set of patches
for EP ZA P from Michtron, which allows
operation on 40-track, 6~ms drives (either
single- or double-sided). Marc Genois
(marcgenois) uploaded a disk label pro-
gram for the Tandy DMP-130. Richard
Ortman (R AO) posted Co Co Log, a cata-
loging system.
•(ruhnow) uploaded a Hangman game
R thejGibCp 3 in the Games topic of the
database.
In the Classic Graphics topic, John
Barrett posted three pictures of the group,
The Bangles.
The Music & Sound topic includes Mike
Carey (spoolframe) who uploaded six-
teen Lyra music files for the enjoyment of
SIG members; Mark Raphael (mark Ra-
phael), who posted an ARCed file con-
taining several of his favorite Orchestra-90
tunes; and Mike Stute (gridbug), who
uploaded three musical selections as well.
In Product Reviews & Announcements,
Richard Trasborg posted Mike Trammell's
review of MAX-10, the new word proces-
sor and document creator for the CoCo 3.
Data Communications gives us Joe
Josey (COCOJOE) who uploaded a text file
describing a hardware modification to a
modem, which allows it to detect the
different incoming baud rates.
See you online on Delphi!
quired to unARC these MS-DOS files;
TC y as used on the CoCo, will not work.)
John Britton (scirocco) uploaded several
pictures from the series, "Star Trek, the
Next Generation." Billy Hambric
(SNOOPYDOG) uploaded some more of his
popular MGE graphics, and Richard
Trasborg (tras) uploaded an ARCed file
containing a collection of popular utilities
for use with CoCo 3 pictures.
In Utilities and Applications, Alan
DeKok (alandekok) posted patches to
allow faster writing on the CoCo 3's Hi-
Res screens and a utility for utilizing the
Hi-Res adapter from Tandy. David Mills
(david mills) posted a utility to allow disk
users to hear the data transfer to/ from disk
the current line on your screen. This
command can be very useful if someone
should send you a message while you
are in the middle of writing a file.
Second, slash commands do work in
the CREATE mode. In other words, if you
are in the middle of creating a file and
want to know what time it is, just enter
/T at the beginning of a line (all slash
commands must start at the beginning
of a new line of text). The /SEND com-
mand works very well in this situation.
The problem this might cause is if you
want to start a line of text in the file with
a slash. Delphi will think you want it
immediately to execute the command,
which is really just a line of text. The
solution to this problem is to precede
any such line with two slashes. To have
the line /FIRST LINE ON TEXT appear
in the file, you must enter it as //FIRST
LINE OF TEXT.
I hope the information I have pre-
sented here will help you gain a little
more use out of your online time. I also
want to spark your interest (OK, I'm
really looking for a raging inferno!) in
the many ways Delphi can be used to
your advantage, whether you use it for
business purposes or personal pleasure.
The more we know about something,
the less fearful we are of it. And it is not
difficult to overcome the challenge
Delphi presents to many users. It only
takes a little time and effort.
Join me next month as I delve into
the workings of the Workspace EDIT
command. Better yet, delve into it
yourself and learn!
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T&D SUBSCRIPTION SOFTWARE, 2490 MILES STAN DISH DR., HOLLAND, Ml 49424 (61 6) 399-9648
September 1988 THE RAINBOW 121
4K
Calculating time intervals for VCR tape
On VCR Time
By Fred Hair, Jr.
_
i
r ave you ever picked up a par-
tially used video cassette and
wondered how much recording
time is left on it? The video tape counter
on the recorder indicates that the last
recorded segment ends at 3640, but
what does this number measure? Video
tape cassettes are manufactured in
standard sizes and labelled according to
the amount of recording time available
on each cassette. It would be convenient
to have a tape counter which indicated
elapsed time. Unfortunately, this is not
the case. Modern VCR tape counters
are electronic event counters which
receive their input from the spindle
driving the take-up reel in the cassette.
The tape count is a measure of the
number of revolutions made by the
take-up reel. The counter is a conven-
ient and simple way to mark the begin-
ning and the end of a recording seg-
ment. With a little programming
expertise and the use of your CoCo,
these numbers can be used to determine
the running time of the tape segment.
Fred Hair holds a B.S. degree in Phys-
ics. He is an instrument technician
specializing in the installation and
servicing of industrial process control
equipment.
122 THE RAINBOW September 1988
The BASIC program, Video Timer, is
designed to perform this task.
Video Timer was written in BASIC for
the CoCo 2 and was developed for VHS
VCRs using T-120 video cassettes. The
tape counter should range from 0 to
approximately 5800 over the length of
the cassette. If your VCR meets this
specification, then the program may be
used without modification. If not, the
section on program theory will show
you how to modify the program to meet
your needs.
"The tape count i$
a measure of the
number of
revolutions made
by the take-up
reel i
Let us solve the following problem to
demonstrate the use of program. You
have a video cassette on which the last
recorded segment ends at count 4620.
The counter indicates the end of the
tape at 5820. You want to know how
much recording time is available at
medium speed. Load VIDTIME and
execute. The program begins by
prompting:
INPUT TfiPE SPEED
F FDR FAST
M FOR MEDIUM
5 FOR 5L0U
?
Enter M for medium speed. Entering
any character other than an F, M, or S,
terminates the program. [If you have a
VHS VCR, use 'F' for the SP speed, 'M'
for LP and 'S'for EP or SLP. For Beta,
use 'F'for Beta I or XI, 'NT for Beta II
or X2 and 'S' for Beta III. On 8mm
recorders, use 'F' for SP (or if there is
only one speed) and 'M' for LP.]
The program will then prompt:
COUNT 1 = ?. This is the number indi-
cating the beginning of the tape seg-
ment. Enter 4620. The program then
prompts COUNT 2 = ?. This is the count-
er number at the end of the tape seg-
ment. Enter 5820. The program will
respond with TIME INTERVAL = 71
MINUTES. There are 71 minutes of
running time at medium speed left on
the tape. The program will then return
to the initial prompt.
Program Theory
Video information is encoded on
magnetic tape by a cylindrical, rotating
magnetic head. The tape must be pulled
across the head at a constant speed. As
the diameter of the tape spool on the
take-up reel in the cassette increases, the
frequency of rotation of the take-up reel
decreases. The number of tape counts
per unit time also decreases. A graph of
tape running time versus counter
number will represent a curve that may
be defined by the quadratic equation:
T = AX 2 + BX + C.
Eq. 1
where T is the elapsed time since the
beginning of the tape; X is the counter
number; and A, B, and C are constants
to be determined. Let XI be the number
indicating the beginning of a tape
segment. Placing this in Equation 1
yields:
Tl = AX1 2 + BX1 + C. Eq. 2
Let X2 be the counter number indicat-
ing the end of a tape segment. Equation
1 would then yield
T2 = AX2 2 + BX2 + C.
Eq. 3
The running time of the tape segment
will be T2 minus Tl, or
T = T2 - Tl = A(X2 2 - XI 2 ) +B(X2
-XI), Eq.4
where T is now the running time of the
tape segment between the counter XI
and X2.
So far, so good. But modern VCRs
are capable of operating at fast, medium
and slow speeds. Medium speed in one
half of fast speed, and slow speed is one
third of fast speed. If we let Equation
4 represent running time at fast speed,
we can write:
TF = A(X2 2 - XI 2 ) + B(X2- XI)
TM = 2T
TS = 3T
Eq. 5
Eq. 6
Eq. 7
where TF, TM, and TS are the running
times at fast, medium, and slow speeds
respectively. All that remains is to
determine the value of the constants A
and B.
Equation 1 defines the curve which
represents the relationship between
running time and tape counter indica-
tion. Given a set of points which lie on
the curve, there are several mathemat-
ical techniques for determining the
constants A and B. I have selected a
method based on the Principle of Least
Squares, as given in program LER5TQ.
(See Listing 2.)
A detailed discussion of the Principle
of Least Squares may be found in many
introductory texts on numerical analy-
sis, such as Methods In Numerical
Analysis by Kaj L. Nielsen.
Select a video tape from your tape
library. Its entire length should be
recorded at fast speed. Use a rented pre-
recorded tape only if you are certain it
is recorded at fast speed and is a full two
hours long. Make sure the cassette is
fully rewound, reset the tape counter on
your VCR, insert the cassette, and press
the play button. Write down the initial
counter number (zero) and the initial
time in minutes (also zero). Continue to
write down the counter number and
elapsed time every ten minutes or so. It
Dr.
Nibble
By Kelly
Taylor
r 4
September 1988 THE RAINBOW 123
is not necessary that the measurements
be taken at exact ten minute intervals.
You might take one measurement at
nine minutes, another at twenty-one
minutes, another at thirty-two, etc.
Simply be sure you record the count
measurement as close to the minute as
possible. The following chart was made
with my RCA VCR using a T-120 video
cassette:
9. 4365
10. 4732
11. 5080
12. 5414
13. 5735
14. 5804
*
*
*
80
90
100
110
120
122
* Elapsed Time
* (minutes)
Counter
Number
- 1 - —I - ^0 — t - - 1 ■ b.^P — I - ■Jr ■A'
^T*
1. 0
2. 857
3. 1541
4. 2128
5. 2651
6. 3126
7. 3566
8. 3976
*
*
*
*
*
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Now load LER5TQ and begin execu-
tion. The program prompts NUMBER OF
DflTR POINTS? Enter the number of
data points, in this case 14. The pro-
gram will then prompt for the first data
point. State the counter number, fol-
lowed by a comma, then the time. Press
ENTER. The program will then prompt
for the second measurement. Continue
in this manner until all measurements
have been entered. The program will
then proceed to calculate and display
the constants A and B:
fi = .01B8418559
B = 1.01131207
These are the constants which define
equations 5 through 7. Because Video
Timer uses equations 5 through 7 to
compute the time intervals, the con-
stants A and B must be defined in line
40 of the program.
The listings for VIDTIME, and
LER5TQ are given in BASIC. Computer
memory requirements are modest (less
than 8K for each program), the pro-
grams are unpretentious and simple in
structure; there should be no difficulty
in modifying them for use with other
systems. Use the programs to gauge
your tape-time on any video recording,
and never lose the end of another
television film or show.
(Questions or comments regarding
these programs may be directed to the
author at 1314 Kim Street, Sulphur, LA
70663. Please enclose an SASE when
requesting a reply.) □
Listing 1: VIDTIME
10 REM
20 REM
30 REM
4{J A =
207
5)3 PRINT f, INPUT TAPE SPEED"
NT" F FOR FAST" : PRINT"
*************
* VIDTIME *
*************
.0188418559 : B = 1.01131
PRI
M F
OR MEDIUM"
ii
PRINT" S FOR SLOW
THEN D=l
THEN D=2
THEN D=3
1 = ";X1
GOTO 110
GOTO 11^
GOTO lip
: X1=X1
: X2=X2
60 INPUT Q$
70 IF Q$="F"
80 IF Q$="M"
90 IF Q$="S"
100 END
110 INPUT "COUNT
/100
120 INPUT"COUNT 2 - ";X2
/100
130 Y=D*(A*(X2*X2-X1*X1)+B*(X2-X
1))
140 PRINT"TIME INTERVAL = ";INT(
Y) ; " MINUTES" : GOTO 50
Listing 2: LEflSTQ
10 REM ************
20 REM * LEASTQ *
30 REM ************
40 DIM A(3,4) ,X(100) ,Y(100) ,Z(3)
50 N=2 : N1=N+1 : N2=N1+1
60 INPUT "NUMBER OF DATA POINTS "
;M : FOR K=l TO M : PRINT K ; TAB (
5) >
70 INPUT X(K),Y(K) : X(K)=X(K)/1
00 : NEXT K
80 A(1,1)=M : FOR J=2 TO Nl : A(
1,J)=0 : L=J-1
90 FOR K=l TO M : A(l, J) =A(1, J) +
X(K) A L : NEXT K : NEXT J
100 FOR 1=2 TO Nl : FOR J=l TO N
1 : A(I,J)=0 : L=I+J-2
110 FOR K=l TO M : A ( I , J) =A ( I ; J)
+X(K) A L : NEXT K : NEXT J : NEXT
I
120 A(1,N2)=0 : FOR 1=1 TO M : A
(1,N2)=A(1,N2)+Y(I) : NEXT I
130 FOR K=2 TO Nl : A(K,N2)=0 :
L=K-1
140 FOR 1=1 TO M : A(K,N2)=A(K,N
2)+X(I) A L*Y(I) : NEXT I : NEXT K
150 FOR L=l TO Nl : IF A(L,L)<>0
THEN 200
160 IF L>=N1 THEN 190
170 H=L+1 : FOR I=H TO Nl
J=l TO N2
180 A ( L , J ) = A ( L , J ) + A ( I , J )
J : NEXT I : IF A(L,L)<>0
00
190 PRINT"NO SOLUTION POSSIBLE."
: STOP
Nl :
FOR
NEXT
THEN 2
200 FOR 1=1 TO
THEN 230
210 D=A(I,L)
220 FOR J=l TO N2 :
)/D : NEXT J
230 NEXT I
240 FOR 1=1 TO Nl :
I,L)=0 THEN 2 60
2 50 FOR J=l TO N2 :
)-A(I,J) : NEXT J
260 NEXT I : NEXT L
270 FOR 1=1 TO Nl :
/A(I,I) :
IF A(I,L)=0
A(I,J)=A(I,J
IF I=L OR A(
A(I, J)=A(L,J
280 PRINT
290 PRINT
300 PRINT
310 END
: Z(I)=A(I,N2)
NEXT I
: PRINT "COEFFICIENTS"
"A = ";Z(3)
"B = ";Z(2)
124 THE RAINBOW September 1988
Wise up to nightly savings
online with GEnie?
M GEnie has opened my eyes to what an online service
can do for me. I thought I knew it all until I discovered
GEnie's vast array of Special Interest Groups, offering
thousands of software files, dynamic bulletin boards,
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mention services like Comp-u-store Online® shopping
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Compare GEnie for selection, ^ hJr^
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It will open your eyes too. Only jQ T ' 1/
GEnie offers you so much online, l
for less."
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Still just $5 per hour. Get online today!
1. Have your major credit card or checking account number ready.
2. Set your modem for local echo (half duplex)— 300 or 1200 baud.
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4. At the U#= prompt enter XJM1176l,GEiiie then RETURN.
Need help or more information? No modem yet? We can help.
In U.S.or Canada call 1-800-638-9636 or write GEnie, 401 N.
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••Basic rale* and services Sn effect 1/88 apply in US. only. fNnn-prime time rale* apply MtHK-Fri 6PM-8AM local lime and all
day Sat, Sun,, and nail, holiday*. Subject in service availability. Some services offered on GEnie may include additional charges,
* 1 10 credit applies- Offer good for 30 days from sign-up.
C 1988 General Electric Company, USA
CoCo 3
F/P Writer ///
Setting the Standard
In the beginning there was VIP Writ-
er, and users saw that it was good. Even
though they had to squint at tiny black-
on-green letters and wait on the scroll-
ing, it was still the best thing around for
the CoCo. But it's not the best anymore.
There's a new word processor to
claim the crown, but at least the title is
kept in the family. As the CoCo 1 and
2 gave way to the 3, VIP Writer gives
way to VIP Writer III — an upgrade for
tape or disk that takes advantage of the
CoCo 3's native 64-color palette and 80-
column screen, and even adds a print
spooler.
Users of the original VIP Writer will
have no problems using VIP Writer III,
and can dive in right away with hardly
a glance at the documentation.
The first thing you'll notice upon
boot-up is the inviting blank, blue
screen that makes you want to wade in
and write! On my RGB monitor, the
color was so lovely that 1 sat for a few
moments just staring at the screen.
What a delightful change from the
generic CoCo green! But if the default
blue screen does not serve as your muse,
you have CoCo 3's palette of 63 colors
(64, counting black) to choose from for
background and text — that's 4,032
possible combinations if my memory of
statistics serves me right. Surely one of
those combinations would appeal to
any user (personally, 1 prefer the default
white-on-blue display). A configuration
program supplied allows you to modify
VIP Writer III so that it boots up with
your chosen defaults.
The second thing you'll notice is the
faster scrolling speed. Traveling up and
down screen pages, and to and from the
top and bottom of a document is nearly
instantaneous. Old VIP Writer users
won't believe the pep. It came as a
pleasant surprise to me.
When it comes time to print out,
you'll notice the print spooler, which
has increased in size in the latest edition
of VIP Writer ///from 49,000 to 57,000
characters. This means you won't have
to sit twiddling your thumbs while your
20-page magnum opus prints out so
slowly on your dot matrix printer.
1 26 THE RAINBOW September 1 988
While one document is being printed
out, another can be called up and
edited.
These three enhancements (color,
speed and spooler) are the only major
differences between VIP Writer ///and
the older version. SD Enterprises' Paul
Anderson said that the program is "now
100 percent compatible with RGB com-
puter systems, RGB DOS and hard
disk." He added, "This is the key to
using VIP Writer ///with double-sided
drives, faster stepping rates and up to
two hard disks."
To 9nt$r- & cottaand aode cpanaad
to ?nt»r the text bode
SLOCK
COLOR
Jj ] r .#r-.-i * L* airbiri
!■ rdC
■■*r-s ttxt bt+ort cursor
I B?k .-sin ifuilU u r,
urns 1r\ EQ:or t. □ i
l,D-4<d fJlf f^c-ii stiFfl'i liPt
JifPlaV J r *Ct tap* n*B.+
The VIP commands still hinge on the
CLEAR key: Commands in text mode
are issued with a CLEAR key combina-
tion; a double press of the clear key
still moves the user from the text mode
into the command mode. The window
mode has not changed.
One disadvantage of a command-
oriented program like VIP is that the
commands sometimes just don't make
a lot of sense (e.g., clear-G is VIP's
"undo" command). However, an ad-
vantage of such programs is their speed
of operation — once you learn the
commands. If you're into just plain-
vanilla word processing (as am I), VIP
Writer III (and the original program)
treats you kindly. Only if you dig into
the more esoteric functions and com-
mands will you have to do a lot of
memorizing. I stick pretty much with
disk I/O, deletion and cursor move-
ment commands, leaving header, footer
and formatting commands alone. The
default formats are fine for me.
My one big gripe with VIP Writer,
both old and new, is its save command.
When you invoke the command, only
what follows the cursor is saved. This
means that to save a document whole
you must travel to its beginning. If you
make frequent saves (and it is advised
that you do!), this can become a pain.
Several times I have tapped the final
keystrokes of a document and blithely
saved what I thought was the whole
document — but which turned out to be
The Company Behind VIP
SD Enterprises acquired all the rights
to the VIP library of Color Computer
products from VIP Technologies in
November 1986. SDE owner Paul And-
erson said, "We were offered the products
and jumped at the chance to obtain them
as we knew they were superior products
with a recognized brand name,"
In March 1987, SD Enterprises offered
upgrades to the VIP stand-alone prod-
ucts to allow them to run on the CoCo
3 as they did on the 64K CoCo 1 or 2.
The VIP Integrated Library needed no
upgrade as it ran on the CoCo 3 without
any modifications.
SDE continued to sell K/P products
through Tandy Express Order, and And-
erson decided to advertise in THE RAIN-
BOW. Pleased with the response regard-
ing the "revival of the VIP Library"
Anderson said he "decided to rewrite the
VIP products to take advantage of the
CoCo 3's increased speed, memory and
hardware screen display."
The first product released specifically
for the CoCo 3 is VIP Writer IIL And-
erson said he was amazed at how fast it
worked. " VIP Writer III ran as fast of
faster than IBM word processors we've
used." ^Iftrip^C-
Anderson, wffo \vorked on program-
Word Processors: The Ultimate in Procrastination Technology
^There's a saying that the process of
writing is easy — you just load a piece
of paper into a typewriter and stare at the
blank white page until droplets of blood
appear on your forehead. Another saying
insists that whatever amount of time you
have to complete a job, that's how much
time it takes.
At the root of both of these sayings is
the matter of procrastination, a state of
metabolic-overdrive, ulcer-inducing
madness — and an art form in itself.
From my observations working here at
THE RAINBOW, I have discovered this
absolute — there can be no procrastina-
tion without deadlines. You cannot have
one without the other ^ it would be like
having peanut butter without jelly,
spaghetti without meatballs. (What, me
procrastinate? I always begin an assign-
ment at least three hours before it's due.)
These observations give new meaning
to the party line depicting computers as
irniQ-r and labor-saving devices. They are,
they really are. But human nature plugs
itself into the equation in the most
unpredictable ways.
Think back to your pre-word process-
ling highlchool orSollege days when
having a term paper due on Monday
gjnieant sweeping through the library on
Friday night, hastily scribbling and
rescribbling rough drafts all through
Saturday, and finally tracking down a
typist who just might be able to bring
tbrder to your handwritten chaos on
Sunday night.
Now think how different it would be
if you could do it all again — this time
using your word processor. Why, you
could wait until Sunday afternoon to get
started!
Of course, the library rush would not
change (unless you were fortunate
enough to be connected to an online
database), but the nq^e-taking procedure
Meaii be performed within the word proc-
essor. From there, with your trusty word
v processor's cut-and-paste ability, you can
move seamlessly through the rough draft
phase and flow into the finished product.
^Run the spelling checker on the final
document, print out on a letter-quality
printer, and your professor will be so
pleased he'll give you an A, right? (One
can hope. I have a nagging suspicion
professors are beginning to catch on to
woi^ processing.)
I've found that word processors can bj$s;
of help in other labor-saving ways. For
example, paper-wadding is no longer
required. (Paper-wadding is generally a
dangerous activity for those under dead-
line, because it invariably leads tq an
impromptu basketball game with th£
trash can.)
They can also eliminate the fore1ieao>
slaps and wistful "Oh, yeah" that accom-
panies the realization that one has left out
several vital sentences in the thesis para-
graph of a carefully hand-typed paper.
With word processing, reprints are not a
problem. And ftiither are VY@rd coutitsl '
You If never haw- to write a word over
whsyi^bu were assigned.
But I don't think we've yet reached the
zenith of this procrastination technology.
I'm waiting for the day when speech digi-
tizing computers can take dictation and
zip out a hard copy the second I shut my
mouthL
Now, if youll excuse me, it's 3 a.m.
Monday, and I'm going to need a little
sleep if I'm to hand this in by 9. &
September 1988 THE RAINBOW 127
ming the original VIP Writer, said he is
encouraged by the speed and capabilities
of the CoCo 3 and plans to rewrite the
rest o£ the VIP product to take full
advantage of them.
According to Anderson, VIP Data-
base III will have been released in July,
and will feature the following: support
for 40-, 64- and 80-column screens;
double clock speed; and a print spooler
added to the report generator. He also
said that VIP Calc III, VIP Speller III
and VIP Terminal mil be completed in
the fall All will support 32-, 40s 64- and
80-column screen size and double clock
speed. He said Calc *s spreadsheet size will
be increased and thai Speller's spell
checking will be performed in memory
for maximum speed.
^*When we are finished v we will have a
very powerful package,* he concluded □
nothing! In K/P's defense, the post-save
response on the command line read
"part saved," signifying that I had saved
only a part of the document.
1 have two little gripes. The first little
gripe concerns the way VIP handles
type-overs of more than one line in the
overstrike mode — it creates lines
between lines. Once you have finished
with your additions you must delete all
the text beyond that first line. The
second little gripe many of you may not
find relevant (especially if you have
never flexed your fingers over the
keyboard of an IBM-compatible like
the Tandy 1000) — the lack of a back-
space key. I admit I may be spoiled, but
1 prefer to backspace rather than back
up and delete.
The documentation for VIP Writer
III comes in the form of the original VIP
Writer manual and a four-page adden-
dum listing all the new commands and
features. As in the older version, there
is a help screen.
1 saved the best for last! The VIP
Writer III program I received came
packaged with VIP Speller. The word
processor is on Side 1 of the disk and
the spell checker is on Side 2. Spell
checking makes editing and proofread-
ing a heckuva lot easier! The program
maintains a dictionary of a respectable
50,000 words, and the user can create a
number of personalized auxiliary dic-
tionaries.
VIP Speller requires only a disk drive
and 32K ECB — which means that it
can be used with the original VIP
Writer, It can also perform a spell check
on practically any file that's saved in
ASCII. I will be using VIP Speller on
this review; a copy editor and a proof-
reader will clean up behind me. If you
128 THE RAINBOW September 1988
find a misspelling in this review, I don't
want to hear about it!
If you are in the market for a CoCo
3 word processor, you should definitely
look into VIP Writer III. If you own a
CoCo 3 and a copy of the original VIP
Writer, you should consider upgrading.
(SD Enterprises, P.O. Box 1233, Gresham,
OR 97030, 503-663-2865; $79.95 for disk,
$59.95 for tape; $34.95 for VIP Speller; add
$3 for S/H)
— Lauren Willoughby
* Softwa re
CoCo 3
Multi-Menu —
A Custom Menu
System under /
Multi-Vue
Multi-Menu is a very user-friendly
program for creating custom menus
under Multi-Vue. Until now, to use a
utility program or OS-9 command from
Multi- Vue, the user had to either write
his own A IF file, find the program in
the commands directory (this can get
tiresome if the directory is very large)
and open it from the Files menu, or get
a shell and type it in the old-fashioned
way. Now, after the quick construction
of a menu, all of your most-used com-
mands and utilities can be accessed by
a simple pull-down sequence.
Multi- Menu requires a 5 1 2K CoCo 3,
OS-9 Level II and Multi-Vue. It comes
with an 1 1-page instruction manual that
explains how to get started by making
a backup and copying the Menu files to
the Multi- Vue disk. Once this is com-
pleted, the user is ready to start creating
menus.
After double-clicking on the icon, the
program takes over and prompts the
user for all the information needed. The
program is so user-friendly that I only
really needed to look at the instructions
for one thing — how to enter com-
mands. Along with entering anything
that could normally be entered at the
OS-9 prompt, the user can have the
program request parameters by enter-
ing a prompt surrounded by percent
signs.
For example, if the user wanted the
Ident command to be in his menu, he
could type ident ^Enter Filename^
as the command for that menu option.
Then, after selecting the Ident option
on the menu, the user would be asked
for the filename with an "Enter File-
name:" prompt. The command line
would then be executed, and the user
would see the statistics for the file
requested, all with a simple menu se-
quence.
I use my computer mostly for pro-
gramming and so wondered how Multi-
Menu could help me to write. I con- I
structed a menu screen called Develop-
ment containing four menus titled
Basic, Pascal, C and Assembly. Clicking
on the C menu bar pulls down a menu
with three options — Edit, Compile and
Execute.
The Edit option prompts me for a
filename and then calls up Scred (an
OS-9 screen editor). After I've edited
the program, I exit Scred and I'm back
at the menu screen. I then pull down the
C menu and click on the Compile
option. The program again prompts me
for a filename, which it proceeds to
compile. Finally, I click on the Execute
option to test the program. If it's not
right, I can go back to the editor. This
seems to greatly increase productivity
and makes the rather old-fashioned OS-
9 C compiler perform like Borland's
Turbo C.
As nice as it is, however, Multi-Menu
is not perfect. The first thing 1 noticed
was that the cursor is constantly hang-
ing around the screen. This, of course,
is not a problem, but I find it annoying
to see the cursor sitting in the corner of
the screen and of any dialog box that
pops up. It seems that this could have
been eliminated by simply issuing the
commands to turn the cursor off when
keyboard input is not being accepted,
and on when it is.
When editing a menu, there seems to
be no way to get a list of the commands
under a particular menu option. If that
option is not working, the user has to
retype the entire command list. It is not
possible to change just part of it. Once
the menu is working as desired, though,
this is no longer a factor.
The only real problem is that each
command line can be only 80 characters
or less. This fact is not mentioned in the
documentation. Although it's seldom
necessary for a command to be longer
than 80 characters, it would be nice if
it were possible. A link list I needed to
type for my C compiler was just too long
to fit. I got around the problem by
putting the line in a script file and
merely calling the file from the com-
mand line. This allowed me to do what
I wanted, but it was not the ideal
solution.
Multi-Menu is very useful and user-
friendly. Aside from the minor prob-
lems, it is a pleasure to use. It should
greatly increase the usefulness of many
older programs and aid productivity, as
well. I highly recommend it.
! Alpha Software Technologies, 2810 Button
St., Chalmette, LA 70043, 504-279-1653;
$19.95 plus $3 S/H)
Robert Marsa
I Softwar e
CoCo 1, 2 & 3
Math Games —
The Pluses
and Minuses
I'll always remember how boring it
was to learn basic math. As children,
most of us experienced the frustration
of having to learn math by seemingly
endless hours of drilling.
While there is no substitute for con-
tinuing practice, the contribution of
home computers makes the task a lot
more fun and challenging. There is a
kind of added enjoyment in computer-
aided learning. The computer provides
the user with a sense of security and
confidence in knowing that it won't get
angry and scold if the same mistake is
made over and over again.
Math Games is a package of four
educational programs designed to take
the boredom out of math drills and at
the same time provide a game-like
atmosphere more conducive to a solid
learning experience. The fact that each
of the four programs is designed as a
game helps to motivate the student and
hold his or her attention.
The set of four programs enables the
student to improve skills in addition,
subtraction, multiplication and divi-
sion, using increasing levels of difficulty.
They are supplied on disk or cassette
and require a minimum of 16K Ex-
tended Color BASIC on your CoCo 1, 2
or 3.
I found that two of the four programs
use the high-speed poke and would not
run on my old CoCo 1 until I edited out
the POKE65495,0 statements. This
editing should not present much of a
problem to the average CoCo 1 user;
but if you don't know how to edit in
BASIC or don't care to, you won't be able
to run Raceway or Pyramid.
Raceway is a Hi-Res program that
pits the student against the computer in
solving basic math problems as quickly
as possible. Three race cars are shown
at the top of the screen, and they move
after each answer is given. The quicker
you respond, the farther your car moves
ahead of the rest of the pack. Incorrect
responses cause your car to lag behind,
and possibly lose the race.
Raceway times the student's response
only after the problem is presented.
FILE TRANSFER UTILITIES
You asked for it at the Chicago RainbowFest -
FILE TRANSFER UTILITIES NOW HANDLE RSDOS DISKS!
Need to transfer text files to and from PC (MS DOS), RSDOS and FLEX disks into
your CoCo (OS-9) system? Have text files on a PC (MS DOS ) system at work and
want to work on them at home on your CoCo?
With GCS File Transfer Utilities you just place the PC (MSDOS), RSDOS or FLEX
disk into your CoCo disk drive - enter a simple command and the file is copied into
a CoCo OS-9 file. File transfer back to PC (MSDOS), RSDOS and FLEX disks is
just as simple.
PCDF
PCDUMP
PCREAD
PCWRfTE
PCRENAME
PCDELETE
PCFORMAT
Extensive
Options
Requires
directory of PC disk
display PC disk sector
read PC file
wrte file to PC disk
rename PC file
delete PC file
format PC disk
RSDfR
RSDUMP
RSREAD
RSWRFTE
FLEXDIR
FLEXDUMP
FLEXREAD
FLEXWRFTE
directory of RSDOS disk
display RSDOS disk sector
read f lie from RSDOS disk
write file to RSDOS disk
directory of FLEX disk
display FLEX disk sector
read FLEX file
write file to FLEX disk
Single, double sided disks. 40 or 80 track floppy drives.
8 or 9 sectors. First level sub-directories - PC (MSDOS).
FLEX transfers binary files also.
OS-9 (Level 2 for MurtiVue), 2 drives (one can be hard). MultiVue
for MultiVue version, SD1SK (SDISK3 for MultiVue) - sea D.P.
Johnson ad for S DISK
GSC File Transfer Utilities for CoCo - MultiVue version $54.95
GSC File Transfer Utilities for CoCo • Standard version $44.95
Ail diskettes are CoCo OS-9 format. Orders must be prepaid or COD. ViSA/MC
accepted, add $1.50 S&H. additional charge for COD.
GRANITE COMPUTER SYSTEMS
Route 2 Box 445 Hilteboro, N.H. 03244
(603) 464-3850
OS-9 is a trademark of Mkxoware Systems Corporation and Motorola Inc.
MS-DOS is a trademark of Microsoft Corp. FLEX is a trademark ol TSC, Inc.
RAINBOW
tMTWTC»TIOt«
CocoTeclr
SfflP
With MACPLAY and a CoCo 3 you can play MAC sound
files (Included on the second diskette) with pure
6 BIT sound quality that the CoCo can produce! Or
download other MAC sound files from a computer
information service or MAC bulletin board systems
to hear even -more. Sound files can last for a few
seconds or up to 1/2 minute. MAC sound files
included on the second diskette contain excerpts
from the 3 Stooges to the Road Runnner and more!!
MACPLAY is only $ 19-95
You can use DltiHax as s normal HI-REZ
joystick interface or switch it to be
used with a popular Max III graphics
program. The other feature of DltiHax
is the option to have a large or small
stick area so you can be more accurate
with your drawings!
The UltiMax interface is only $29.95
Or trade in your original HiRes inter-
face ( sent postage prepaid ) and get
UltiMax for only $14.95
Send to:
CocoTech
PA residents 208 Cathy Ann Drive
add 6% sales Reading/ PA 19606
tax (215)-779~7768
Shipping and handl ing :
USA and Canada add $2.50
Other countries add $5.00
** He fittw handle C.O-fi-
Please allow
1 to 3 weeks
for delivery
Sorry no
credit cards
YET1
**
September 1988 THE RAINBOW 1 29
Pressing the space bar starts the timer,
so the student is able to think before
beginning each problem. The program
uses artifact colors and is best viewed on
either a composite color monitor or
color TV. If you are using a CoCo 3 with
an RGB monitor, you won't be able to
see the colors.
Pyramid is also a speed drill that
should prove to be challenging to the
student. In this program, the timer runs
constantly and the object is to answer
each problem as quickly as possible
before running out of time. Each correct
answer results in a colorful block being
added to a pyramid under "construc-
tion." Three levels of difficulty are
provided — the higher the pyramid
grows, the shorter the amount of time
allotted on the timer.
Pyramid was my favorite of the four
programs, and I had to try several times
to complete my pyramid. The game also
uses the high-speed poke and will have
to be modified if your CoCo 1 won't
accept this higher speed.
Go to the Top is a multiplication
program that requires the student to
achieve instant recall of the multiplica-
tion tables through the 9s. Each prob-
lem is presented in a random nature,
and again a timer is used. Enough time
is allowed to find the right keys on the
keyboard but not to calculate the
answer. Incorrect answers are noted and
the problem is repeated until a correct
response is given. .
As each level of the table is success-
fully mastered, the computer provides
the student with an encouraging pat on
the back. After all of the problems are
solved, the computer responds with a
i c r o
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NX-1 000 SPECS: 1 44 cps Draft, 36 cps NLQ (1 8 x 23 dot matrix),
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n/216' Line Feed9, Absolute or Relative Vert. & Horz. Tsbs, Left,
Center or Right Justification, 8 Graphics Modesto 1 920 dpi, Macro
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within the continental U.S.
series of colorful bars and sound effects.
Math Word Problems forces the
student to apply his or her knowledge
of addition, subtraction, multiplication
and division in solving word problems.
Most students hate word problems, but
we all know how necessary they are if
the student is to master math facts.
Math Word Problems will help the
student learn which operations are
required to solve different kinds of
problems.
I found the Math Games package to
be a very user-friendly series of educa-
tional programs. All of the programs
are useful to elementary students
through about the 6th grade, and would
be beneficial to any student who needs
further help in learning basic math
facts. With the exception of the high-
speed poke problem, I like all of the
programs and believe that students,
parents and teachers will find it helpful.
(E.Z. Friendly Software, Hutton & Orchard
Streets, Rhinecliff, NY 12574, 914-876-3935;
$19.95 plus $1.50 S/H)
— David Gerald
1 Software
CoCo 1 , 2 & 3
Car Sign Designer —
Creative Program
on Board
You've seen them . . . those little,
yellow, diamond-shaped signs stuck to
the back window of passing cars. What
began as a novel way of alerting other
motorists that babies are on board has
turned into not-so-serious and often
hilarious message-bashing, with such
parting shots as "EX-HUSBAND IN
TRUNK." They seem to sprout as fast
as dandelions in the spring.
For those of you who enjoy creativity,
Zebra Systems' Car Sign Designer kit
provides everything you need to make
your own custom yellow car signs —
even yellow printer paper. The program
is supplied on a single unprotected disk
and works on the CoCo 1, 2 or 3. The
handsomely packaged product also
includes two reusable plastic sign
holders with suction cups. The 21 -page
instruction manual is easy to follow and
well-illustrated.
The first thing you do after making
a backup copy is run the configuration
130
THE RAINBOW September 1988
program, which allows you to select
your type of printer and baud rate. The
program supports a full line of DMP
and Epson-compatibles. Baud rates
from 300 to 9600 are supported.
When you run the program, you see
the diamond-shaped sign area and a list
of commands on the right. Messages
can include alphanumeric characters, as
well as standard punctuation charac-
ters. Special key presses will call up
graphics such as smiley faces and musi-
cal notes. Text and graphics are auto-
matically centered, and you can select
from one to four lines of text.
An important thing to note about Car
Sign Designer is that the sign itself is not
the result of a screen dump to your
printer — the configuration program
ensures that a high resolution image is
generated. The quality of the printed
image is exceptional, and on my Gemini
10X printer the printout approached
commercial quality.
(Zebra Systems, Inc., 78-06 Jamaica Ave.,
Woodhaven, NY 11421, 718-296-2385;
$29.95)
— Jerry Semones
1 Softwar e
Graphics-25 —
Animation Station
for Your CoCo 3
Graphics-25, a machine language
utility that enhances Basic's graphics
capabilities on a 512K CoCo 3, allows
you to use the maximum amount of
memory available to create and store up
to 25 individual graphics screens. Quick
display and palette changes are availa-
ble to facilitate smooth and rapid ani-
mation.
According to the documentation,
Graphics-25 provides six new BASIC
commands. WPRGE specifies the position
in memory where your graphics com-
mands will do their work. DPAGE in-
structs the computer which page to
display on the screen. HCDPY takes the
contents of one graphics screen and
copies it to another. HLOAD and HSfiVE
respectively load and save graphics to
disk. HCLEAR clears the entire graphics
memory.
Actually, most of these commands
are improvements on existing Extended
BASIC commands to make Hi-Res
graphics work easier. For example,
HCLERR is a more sophisticated HCLS
command. HCLS clears only one screen
at a time, but HCLEAR does all of them
at once. HCDPY is a Hi-Res version of
PCDPY. Others, like WPAGE, combine the
characteristics of HSCREEN, HGET and
HBUFF to make a more powerful and
easy command.
The manual is excellent and goes into
more detail than the documentation of
the majority of utility programs I've
seen. However, it assumes that you have
some basic knowledge of CoCo 3 graph-
ics. I suggest that you review parts 3 and
4 of Tandy's Color Computer 3 Ex-
tended BASIC manual before using the
program. Additional support is also
available from the author at Gosub
Software.
There are a few guidelines that must
be followed in using the program. It will
work only with Disk Extended Color
BASIC 1.0 or 1.1. It cannot be used with
J&M DOS, ADOS, OS-9, RAM drives
or most other system enhancements
except Gimmesoft's Fkeys III and Six-
The Ulti
Gra p cs
Screens
in Color
SSLSSft *
Color Screen Dump Software
Use your favorite program to create a pmode or hi-res graphic image, but don't
stop there! Run our color graphics software and print a color image using a
pallette of 81+ colors on your NX-1000 Rainbow from a CoCo 1, 2, or 3. This
system superimposes 4 graphic screen dumps (black, blue, yellow & red). The
colors mix and add to give you your own color masterpiece.
$-fg95
System Requirements: 32k ECB Disk, Blue Streak 1 ,2,3 or Ultima
Price, specifiers subject to change without notice.
ytx- 1 tfflr fre. D i bo w mn re r
DAYTON ASSOCIATES hall , INC.
7201 CLAIRCREST, BLDG. D
DAYTON, OHIO 45424
OHIO RESIDENTS ADD 6% SALES TAX • C.O.D. ADD $2.00
,INC.
PERSONAL SERVICE
(513) 236-1454
Visa & MasterCard
within the continental U.S.
September 1988 THE RAINBOW 131
drive. Graphics-25 must be loaded and
memory-resident before you load pro-
grams that contain these new com-
mands. When saving graphics screens,
be aware of the memory limitations on
the disk. Each page you H5AVE will take
up eight granules, allowing a total of
eight pages per empty formatted disk.
The four demos included with the
program were done in BASIC using
Graphics-25. They're simple, but good
samples of what the program can do. In
writing my own routines, I found it
helpful to use the listings from the
demos as a starting point. The program
does not create graphics; the user must
do this from BASIC.
Graphics-25 would be best used by
someone who has some graphics expe-
rience and wants to animate from
BASIC. It's reasonably priced and in-
cludes excellent documentation.
(Gimmesoft, P.O. Box 421, Perry Hall, MD
21128; 800-441-GIME; $24.95 plus $3 S/H)
— Mark Haverstock
I Softwar e
CoCo 1, 2 & 3
Teddy Bears —
Quizzes and
Dancing Bears
Teddy Bears is an educational pro-
gram intended for pre-school children.
It features a very simple user interface
that allows the child to answer simple
questions contained within the pro-
gram, or supplemental questions you
create yourself.
Tb«r e were .
floor -
.toys left on the
Two cuddly teddy bears are displayed
in color at the top of the screen. The
computer asks a question and the child
must point an arrow to the teddy who
bears (excuse the pun) the correct
answer. The arrow can be moved either
1 32 THE RAINBOW September 1 988
with the arrow keys, a joystick or mouse
if you have one connected. If the student
provides the correct answer, the bears
dance to a short, lively tune. A wrong
answer results in a "no-no" kind of
sound and a blinking screen.
While the program loads quickly, it
takes about 30 seconds for the bears to
be created in the graphics pages in
memory. Teddy Bears requires a min-
imum of 64K RAM and Extended
Color BASIC, and is available on either
disk or tape. Because the program uses
artifact colors, it looks best on a com-
posite color monitor or color TV. It
works on the CoCo 3, but the colors
won't show up on an RGB monitor.
Teddy Bears allows you to create
your own quizzes. The questions should
be kept short but can be in the form of
fill-in-the-blank or true/false, math
problem or spelling, and so forth.
By examining the program's self-
contained quiz, you will get a good idea
on how to construct your own. The
quizzes you create may be saved to disk
for later use; they can be repeated after
all the questions have been answered.
The computer keeps track of the
answers and displays the number
missed.
Teddy Bears is a fine teaching pro-
gram that will delight most youngsters.
The graphics are clean, clear and color-
ful. The musical interludes and sound
effects are appropriately placed and
instill a sense of accomplishment in the
student as the learning process unfolds.
(E.Z. Friendly Software, Hutton & Orchard
Streets, Rhinecliff, NY 12574, 914-876-3935;
$19.95 plus $1.50 S/H)
— Robert Gray
I Softwar e
CoCo 3
A Mazing World of
Malcolm Mortar —
Mayhem in a
Mansion Gone Mad
In A Mazing World of Malcolm
Mortar, you play the part of B. Rick,
an apprentice bricklayer working on the
renovation of a huge mansion full of
many, many rooms and hallways.
One day as you work and slave under
the weight of numerous loads of bricks,
the mansion magically transforms into
a sinister maze. You are confronted with
many fuzzy creatures (armed with poi-
soned quills) that can jump out at you
at any time. The bearded foreman —
Malcolm Mortar — is hostile to you.
Your goal is to find a way out of the
endless mazes in search of his evil lair,
where he can be trapped.
Supplied on a cartridge, this colorful
128K CoCo 3 arcade game can be
played with keyboard controls, al-
though it works best with a joystick.
The game consists of many screens
and levels of difficulty. You have several
tools to assist you in your efforts of
trying to trap Malcolm Mortar: ordi-
nary bricks, magic bricks and dynamite.
As you "wall in" the many fuzzies, your
work is made harder by a "Borehead"
who just loves to bore holes in your
newly bricked walls to let those little
rascals back out.
Points are awarded for the number of
mazes you master, the number of bricks
you lay and sticks of dynamite you use.
To win the game you must trap Mal-
colm in his lair by building an enclosure
of magic bricks around him.
The game screen is divided into two
portions — the maze display and a
scoreboard. The scoreboard lists your
current score, brick count, dynamite
count, and the number of magic bricks
you have. Sound can be toggled on and
off by pressing the S key. You can press
alt to pause the game.
A Mazing World of Malcolm Mortar
is a fun game that's right for all ages.
The action is fast and furious, the
graphics are excellent and the price is
reasonable. It's nice to see a game with
a new theme for a change.
(Tandy Corporation, 1700 One Tandy
Center, Fort Worth, TX 76102; $29.95:
Available in Radio Shack stores nation-
wide.)
— Robert Gray
* Softwar e
CoCo 1 & 2
Labyrinth —
Lost in a Dungeon
Maze
The definition of labyrinth in the
dictionary is "a place constructed of or
full of intricate passageways and blind
alleys." That is truly the description of
this graphics Adventure, which is full of
tunnels and rooms. The top half of the
screen provides a graphic display of the
surroundings, and the bottom half gives
text descriptions.
Labyrinth is written for a 64K CoCo
1 or 2 with Extended Disk BASIC, but
it will not work on CoCos earlier than
an F board. The program comes on an
unprotected disk, so you can make
backup copies. I found the people at
RTB Software to be very helpful with
my problems — they even supplied me
with some hints.
Your character in Labyrinth is King
William, the ruler of the kingdom of
Templeton. But an evil wizard by the
name of Zarth cast a spell that made you
a prisoner in his labyrinth, and then
took over your kingdom. Your mission
is to return to Templeton, destroy the
evil wizard and reclaim your throne.
This puzzle is not something the
average Adventurer is going to solve in
one night. In fact, it took me two hours
and finally a call to the author to get out
of the first room. The loading instruc-
tions are adequate, but the documenta-
tion should include a list of the verbs
used to get a beginning Adventurer
started.
Labyrinth is played on two levels, and
secret passwords are required. You can
carry as many objects as you want, so
there is no need for a DROP command.
There is also no game save feature,
which is another slight flaw — but
should you die in Level 2, you will start
again at Level 2.
Also, Labyrinth never plays the same
way twice. In one game you may be able
to successfully get through a certain
room, but in another game you may fall
through the floor in that same room.
There is no warning as to when this type
of thing will happen (be wary or you
may get torn to shreds by Jerrad the
Creature).
You must periodically look at the
objects in your inventory, as well, to gt
clues. The command USE INV will call
up an inventory listing. The "review
situation" command, LOOK, is useful if
you clear a screen of text and have to
remember the exit directions or go back
where you came from and try again.
I found Labyrinth very exciting and
fun for the whole family. With the
exception of a few flaws (a game save
feature would be a nice addition), I
think it is well worth its price.
(RTB Software, P.O. Box 777, W. Acton,
MA 01720, 508-263-0563; $24.95 plus $3
S/H)
— Robin Thon
Ok
cc e ssory
CoCo1,2&3
MPI-CoCo Locking
Plate —
Keeping Connections
Solid
We have all heard the expression
about building a better mousetrap and
Ihit, ■!(•[" fir > lo tip o *. i tie uind'ju. I h*
curiums Of e uroun ond 1 < on hokp out
the fi«>i»r«" ol o nun »r.«>i<J«>,
t-Xt lb? U
9UN006 W7EM
A new animated graphic adventure for the Color
Computer 3 from the author of the Halt of the King
trilogy! Enjoy the mixture of science and fantasy as
you quest for the Phoenix Crossbow, the only thing
that can save you in the post-holocaust world. A full
4 disk sides of adventure! Outstanding 320x200
graphics will make this your favorite CoCo adven-
ture! Req. 128K CoCo 3 and disk drive. Only $34.95.
J^un^ ru Dude
An exciting new arcade game. This Is the long-awaited response to the huge
demand for a Kung-Fu program for the CoCo. The graphics, sound effects,
and animation are spectacular! This Is the BEST karate game ever available
far the Color Computer. Req. 64K, disk drive, and Joystick. Only $24.95.
"The CoCo karate gap has been filled and Kung-Fu Dude does it excellent-
ly. I highly recommend (if)!" -2/88 Rainbow review
"A definite 5 stars!" -12/87 Wizard's Castle review
WHITE FIRE
OF ETERNITY
64K Animated Graphic Adven-
ture. See 12/86 Rainbow review.
Only $19.95.
CHAMPION
64K Superhero Action Adventure.
See 5/87 Rainbow review. Only
$19.95.
All programs CoCo 1 2, 3 compatible unless stated otherwise.
•»:•:•:•:■
cinpoa
Sundog Systems
21 Edinburg Drive
Pittsburgh, PA 15235
(412) 372-5674
Personal checks, money orders, and C O D. orders
accepted.
'.ViV.V.'.VifAV-NW.
WiViWAWViVA
Include $2.50 for S/H. $3.00
extra for C.O.D. orders. PA
residents add 6% sales tax.
Authorship and dealer inquiries
welcome.
....#.. .
September 1988 THE RAINBOW 133
\1 beating a path to your door,
mmesoft has built a better
'ap in the form of a handy
"gadget that prevents accidental shorting
of the Multi-Pak pins to the cartridge
port pins on the side of the CoCo 3. And
if I'm not mistaken, they are soon about
to have the world beating down their
door.
Many of us have suffered the unpleas-
ant experience of having to take our
burnt-out CoCos to the repair shop
after accidentally bumping the Multi-
Pak Interface. Gimmesoft has designed
a rather simple, yet effective, way to
prevent such accidents from ever hap-
pening again.
The solution is in the form of an re-
shaped, 10!/2-by-6 inch piece of 3 / 16 -inch
thick plastic with four holes that match
rubber feet locations on the MPI and
CoCo 3. Two long screws come with the
package and are driven through two
smaller holes in the locking plate to
secure it in place. The locking plate is
simple to install and very effective. I
tried several deliberate bumps, hits and
slides, but was unable to unseat the MPI
from my CoCo 3.
Two versions of the locking plate are
available, one for use with the older
style MPI (26-3024) and another for the
newer (26-3124).
This is one of those gadgets you will
be tempted to build yourself. But don't
be too hasty. Gimmesoft has saved you
a lot of trouble in finding material of
just the right thickness, and even in a
color that is a fair match to the CoCo
3 and MPI. In my opinion, the locking
plate is well worth its $9.95 price tag.
For the cost, you'd have a hard time
constructing one for yourself that has
the quality and finished appearance
Gimmesoft has provided. (Even the
mounting holes are counter-sunk.)
(Gimmesoft, P.O. Box 421, Perry Hall, MD
21128, 301-256-7558; $9.95)
— Jerry Semones
At Your Command
Three main directories are found on the OS-9
System disk. The "root" directory is at the top, and
you can look inM by using the directory (dir)
command: Type dir /dG at the OS-9 prompt. If you
do this you will see the other two directories men-
tioned:
Dl rec
QSSBoot
of /d0 12 :33:08
T CMDS
startup
w i ndow . 1 38s window- t80s window « g 1 r4
Because you are in the root directory you can see
the names of /d0 (disk zero) titles in the listing on the
screen. You can also see five "files" in lowercase letters
and the other two directories in uppercase letters. You
can take a peek at the SYS (system directory) using
the directory command if you want, but it is the CUDS
(commands) directory that interests us at the moment.
Typing dir ^dft^cmds will produce something like
this:
Directory of cmds i2:38: 12
attr;
cobbler;
deifrizfT
display
errSr-
help
list
merge
os9gen
rename
tuneport
backup
copy
del
dsave
format
ident
load
ree
prods
setltfie
wcrea te
bui id
date
deldir
echo
free
in i z
makdir
modpatch
dcheck
dir
edit
grfdrv
link
mdi r
m on type
pxd
tmode
xmode
Each item stored in
respond with an action
the OS-9 prompt. The, 1
to try but; it lets yoii
the CMOS directory should
if you type the command at
1st command is a useful one
into any unprotected file
to fsee its contents^ jtb6t OS-9 prompt, type list
startup, and youll get a peek into that file. Try files
like window. t3Bs or sys/logbook, and ypull see
how useful the command can be. It won't, however,
let you see what is in files like 0S9Boot or the
command files themselves, because they are protected
by the authors.
Another useful command is copy. Typing
OSSrcopy window. t38s /d0/cmds/window. t38s
would put an exact copy of the window . t38s file into
the cmds directory. Notice the space after copy and
the space after the filename. Translated into English,
this OS-9 command line says that the operating system
(059) is instructed to copy a file (window . t38s) in the
root directory following a path (/d0^cmds'win-
dowv t38s) to the CMDS directory.
Having done it, you had better undo things by
deleting the file, which doesn't belong in the com-
mands directory: 0S9:del /d0/cmds/window. t3Bs.
The backup command copies everything on one
disk to another disk; if you want to copy just one file
from one disk to another, use the copy command. For
instance, you might want to put a copy of a new OS-
9 word processor onto a disk where you have your OS-
9 database. On a single-disk system, you would type
059: copy 'd0/cmds/newword /d0/cmds/new-
word -s tt40k. This means to copy from the CMDS
directory of one disk to the CMDS directory of another
disk using Drive 0 (/d0) in each case. The -s tells OS-
9 you are using a single drive, and the Jt40k sets aside
memory so that you won't have to swap disks as often.
It turns out that many of the commands found in
the commands directory are also in memory all the
time, but that is another story for another time. There
are nearly 50 different commands to try, and you are
unlikely to do any harm trying them. Risk a little and
see what you have at your command.
Del Turner
Karnloqps, British Columbia
134 THE RAINBOW September 1988
The following products have recently been received by
THE RAINBOW, examined by our magazine staff and
issued the Rainbow Seal of Certification, your assurance
that we have seen the product and have ascertained that
it is what it purports to be.
Adventure in Lumeria, the third chapter of the
Labyrinth I Quest for the Ring series. In this
Adventure, King William, finding himself lonely
after defeating Zarth and regaining his throne,
decides to rescue the princess of Lumeria, who has
been kidnapped by an evil count. For the CoCo
I and 2 (does not work on CoCo Is earlier than
an F board). RTB Software, P.O. Box 777, W.
Acton, MA 01720, (508) 263-0563; $36.95.
AR-16 Serial Output Interface, a board that
provides 16 output channels, allowing software
control of 16 different devices. Additional chan-
nels can be added with expansion cards. Connects
directly to the serial port of the CoCo J, 2 or 3.
Requires cables, relays and supply. Electronic
Energy Control, Inc., 380 S. Fifth St., Suite 604,
Columbus, OH 43215, (614)464-4470; $89.95 plus
$3 S/H.
Castle of Tharoggad, a totally icon- and menu-
driven Adventure of the D&D genre. Your
character's mission is to storm the treacherous
castle to rescue the good wizard, slaying beasts
and evading traps set by the evil wizard. Tandy
Corporation, 1700 One Tandy Center, Fort
Worth, TX 76102; $29.95. Available in Radio
Shack stores nationwide.
Extender Board, a board that extends bus and
control lines for easy access, provides one hori-
zontal and two vertical sockets, a logic analyzer
plug-in, and gold connectors. Designed for the
educator and experimenter, with possible appli-
cations in robotics and synthesizers. Eraser
Instrument Co., P.O. Box 712, Meridian, ID
83642, (208) 888-5728; $45 plus $3.50 S/H.
Gantelet II, a sequel to the popular game that
turns you loose among monsters, wizards, war-
riors and potions. Requires a 128K CoCo 3 with
one disk drive and optional joystick. Diecom
Products, Inc., 6715 Fifth Line, Milton, Ont.,
Canada L9T 2X8, (416) 878-8358; $29.95 U.S.,
$37.95 CDN.
Ironsides & Crimson Sails, a two-player game
for the 512K CoCo 3 running OS-9 Level II and
utilizing 640-by-192 graphics. The game comes on
a single disk that contains five separate naval
scenarios, which range from fictional settings to
actual simulations of historical naval engage-
ments. There is a game save/ load feature, soft-
WAR Technologies, The Ameritrust Building,
17140 Lorain Ave., Cleveland, OH 44111, (216)
251-8085; $8.95.
KDSK3, a machine language, menu-driven
collection of disk utilities written for the CoCo 3.
It is an upgrade of KDSK V2.6, written to take
advantage of the CoCo 3's 80-column display and
additional memory. Options include an ASCII
dumg, sector editing and a fast copy routine.
Requires CoCo 3, Disk Extended Color BASIC
and at least one disk drive. An RGB monitor is
recommended. Kenneth L. Wuelzer, 113 Arrow-
head Drive, Montgomery, AL 36117, (205) 277-
9880; $15.
Keyboard Commander, a "space age" typing tutor
that utilizes the action of an arcade game to teach
confidence in students learning to touch type.
Numbers, upper- and lowercase letters are cov-
ered while defending your ships against alien
attack. Requires 64K ECB. E.Z. Friendly Soft-
ware, Hut ton & Orchard streets, Rhinecliff NY
12574, (914) 876-3935; $24.95 plus $1.50 S/H.
Legend Quest, an Adventure in which, as Profes-
sor Ludwig, the first expert in the field of legend
science, you set out to find the gold at the end of
the rainbow. Unfortunately, your prospective
rainbow shatters and falls into an enchanted land.
(Of course you must follow.) Requires a 64K, disk-
based CoCo with at least one joystick. Nick
Bradbury, 10500 Sandpiper Lane, Knoxville, TN
37922, (615)966-0172; $15.
Lyra Lybrary, an 1 1-disk collection of music
(all Lyra transcriptions) to be played in conjunc-
tion with MIDI synthesizers. The music can be
edited with Lyra or just played by using the
included "jukebox" type program. Requires a 64K
CoCo, a Disk basic drive, a joystick or mouse,
at least one MIDI synthesizer, a MIDI connector
and LYRA - BIN or LYRABDX.BIN. Rulaford
Research, P.O. Box 143, Imperial Beach, CA
92032, (616) 690-3648; $14.95 per disk.
<^^>PIA Board, a board that provides an addi-
tional 6821 PI A chip to the CoCo. It has a gold
edge connector and four control lines. Designed
for experimenters and educators, it can be used
alone or with Fraser's Extender board. Fraser
Instrument Co., P.O. Box 712, Meridian, ID
83642, (208) 888-5728; $45 plus $3.50 S/H
RI-8 Relay Card, an eight-relay card that con-
nects to the AR-16 Serial Output Interface to
allow direct control of connected appliances.
Possible applications include energy manage-
ment, robotics, equipment automation, etc.
Requires AR-16 Serial Output Interface. Elec-
tronic Energy Control, Inc., 380 S. Fifth St., Suite
604, Columbus, OH 43215, (614)464-4470; $76.95
plus $3 S/H
Shadow World, a text Adventure in which you
have discovered a formula for time travel and
have tested your discovery by sending laboratory
animals on a trip through time — only to have
them burst into flames. You decide you must find
out what's wrong with the experiment, even at the
risk of your own life. Requires 64K ECB; for the
CoCo J, 2 and 3. Prodek Software, c/o Mike
Snyder, Route 2, Box 81, Allen, OK 74825, (405)
857-2852; $10.50 for tape, $12.50 for disk.
SpellBound, a D&D type Adventure in which,
as the brave leader, you select a band of Adven-
turers to defend the village of Midgard against the
forces of darkness in the Archwizard's lair.
Possible recruits include elves, dwarves, fighters,,
thieves, priests and wizards. Requires a 32K CoCo
and disk drive. Thor Software, Suite 162, 9431
Westport Road, Louisville, KY 40241, (502)588-
5969; $20.
StarScan, a program to allow CoCoists to use
the new Star NX 1000 Rainbow color printer to
print full-color dumps of H5CREEN2 graphics. The
program is 100 percent machine language and can
perform a full-color dump in about 5 minutes
(from parallel printer port). For the CoCo 3. J.D.
Walker, 363 Oakwood Ave., Jackson, MI 49203,
(517) 787-2667; $11.95 plus $3 S/H.
Ultra-Base, a database programmed in a combi-
nation of BASIC and machine language to keep
track of more than 500 records, with up to 32K
information in memory, at one time. It offers the
ability to alphabetize by first or last word in any
category. Requires 64 K, and is available on tape
or disk. Tothian Software, Inc., Box 663, Rimers-
burg, PA 16248; $24.95^
Word Power 3.1, a CoCo J \#brd processor that
comes with a spelling checker and mail merge
capability. Other features include a listing of
available memory for text storage, autosaving,
punctuation checker, window display, block
moves, search and replace, word count and wild
card searches. Microcom Software, P.O. Box 2 14,
Fairport, NY 14450, (716) 223-1477; $79.95.
First product received from this company
The Seal of Certification program is open to all manufacturers of products
for the Tandy Color Computer, regardless of whether they advertise in
THE RAINBOW.
By awarding a Seal, the magazine certifies the product does exist — that
we have examined it and have a sample copy — but this does not constitute
any guarantee of satisfaction. As soon as possible, these hardware or
software items will be forwarded to THE RAINBOW reviewers for
evaluation.
— Lauren Willoughby
September 1 988 THE RAINBOW 1 35
E ducation Not e s
Learning to use cross-references in
a reference book is the topic of
this month's article. This is a
language arts skill that is applicable to
social studies, science and any other
subject where information needs to be
found in reference books. The skill
should be taught in the middle grades
of elementary school, and practiced
throughout one's life.
"This set of encyclopedias doesn't
have that information.That topic isn't
here at all." These familiar statements
are made by new users of reference
books. Children often look under only
one heading for information needed
and give up if it is not there. If infor-
mation is not in one location, it may be
found in the same reference set under a
different, but related, heading. Students
must be taught to find and use cross-
references for their information.
One teacher may require that a stu-
dent find information on, say, disk
drives. It is quite possible that Volume
D of the encyclopedia does not list
anything under that topic. The next step
would be to look for larger topic areas
that might include disk drives. Volume
C, under Computers, would be a good
place to look. Another choice might be
Volume T for Technology.
The idea is to teach children to be
detectives. They need to keep searching
for additional clues (key words) to use
in locating the original subject. Ap-
proaching this as a puzzle, mystery or
game helps to create interest in this
concept. Students might be encouraged
to make a list of key words on paper or
at the blackboard before introducing
the computer program.
The program itself is a game wherein
the user must match an original subject
with a larger, corresponding, topic area.
The program will let students practice
looking up information needed for
reports and essays — any research task,
whether for school or pleasure.
The data consists of 10 subjects and
10 larger topic areas. These represent a
random selection of 10 subjects about
which a student might have to write a
report or present a speech. The subjects
comprise the data elements of Line 280.
Steve Blyn teaches both exceptional
and gifted children, holds two master's
degrees and has won awards for the
design of programs to aid the handi-
capped. He owns Computer Island and
lives in Staten Island, New York.
Cross-referencing for
information
Locating
the Topic
By Steve Blyn
Rainbow Contributing Editor
Line 290 is comprised of the corre-
sponding 10 larger categories or topics
which are likely cross-references to the
original 10 subjects.
Since there are only 10 topics and 10
subjects, we not only welcome but
encourage you to alter the data as the
game is played. This program will soon
be memorized by most students if the
data is not updated periodically. Once
the idea behind the program is grasped,
The listing: REFERNCE
your child or the students in your class
can create data for their own versions
of the game. Creating the data teaches
this concept as well as does playing the
game. Lines 20-70 dimension and read
in the DfiTfi statements.
Line 100 chooses among the 20 data
options and prints 20 topics, subjects or
both. These original elements are not
presented in a random order. Rather,
they are presented in a manner that
contains some duplication and several
matches. This gives the game an element
of variety.
This game is more enjoyable when a
scorecard is included. We use a two-part
scoring system. The player is required
to answer two questions during each
round. Lines 120-140 ask the player to
select one of the subjects. Encourage
students to read the entire list to make
certain there is a correct pair to match
before they answer the first part of the
question. Five points will be scored for
a correct response at this point. Lines
150-200 ask the user to match the
subject with the correct topic. Five
points is given for a correct answer here.
The variable SC is the scorekeeper. The
score is given after 10 rounds.
We hope you and your children enjoy
using and modifying The Cross-
Reference Game. Your comments are
always appreciated by the staff of
Computer Island. □
10 REM" CROSS REFERENCES GAME"
20 REM" STEVE BLYN , COMPUTER ISLAN
D, STATEN ISLAND, NY ,1988"
30 DIM A$(10) ,B$(10) ,C$(20)
40 FOR S=l TO 10 : READ A$(S):NEXT
S
50 FOR T=l TO 10 : READ B$(T):NEXT
T
60 RESTORE
70 FOR T= 1 TO 2 0 : READ C$(T):NEX
T T
80 CLS:Z=Z+l:IF Z>10 THEN 2 40
90 PRINT§0 , 11 # » ; Z ; "MATCH ONE SUBJ
ECT AND TOPIC";
100 FOR T=l TO 20:A=RND(20) :PRIN
T@32+B,C$(A) :B=B+16:NEXT T:B=0
110 PRINT"
120 PRINT"CHOOSE A SUBJECT " ; : LI
NEINPUT AA$
130 FOR T-l TO 10: IF AA$=A$(T) T
HEN 150 ELSE NEXT T
1 36 THE RAINBOW September 1988
140 SOUND 10, 3: PRINT "THAT'S NOT
ANY OF OUR SUBJECTS.": GOTO 210
150 SOUND 200,2 : PRINT "GOOD-NOW M
ATCH THE LARGER TOPIC. ";: SOSC+5
160 LINEINPUT BB$
170 PRINT@464, 1,11 ;
180 IF BB$=B$(T) THEN PLAY"L100C
DEGGG 11 : PRINT" CORRECT"ELSE 200
190 SC=SC+5:GOTO 210
200 PRINT"* 11 ;B$ (T) :PLAY"L2F"
210 PRINT@484, "PRESS ENTER TO GO
ON" ;
220 EN$=INKEY$
230 IF EN$=CHR$(13) THEN 80 ELSE
220
240 CLS:PRINT@97, "YOUR SCORE WAS
";SC;"THIS TIME"
250 PRINTQ192 , "PRESS A TO GO AGA
IN OR E TO END";
2 60 EN$=INKEY$
270 IF EN$="A" THEN RUN ELSE IF
EN$="E" THEN END ELSE 2 60
280 DATA FILM , ALGAE , HAWAI I , BRONT
OSAURUS , WHALES , CLOUDS , MARS , HALLO
WEEN, AUTOMOBILES , COLLIES
290 DATA MOTION PTCTTTR'ES . PLANTS .
RAINBOW review 8/88
TAKE COMMAND! Now you can create your own 1 & 2 player war games and more.
II you are into wargames. science fiction or Dungeons and dragons, you'll love the WGD
system.
The completely menu driven system allows you to create your own lull color Hi-res icons
br unils and map features Take control ol the number ol unils. strength, movemnnt, turn
of entry, range ol lire, terrain modi tie is and objectives Nn programming roquired 1
WGD comes wtlh a 23 page manual and 2 Hippy diskettes in a rigid vinyl case wKh these
four ready to play scenarios:
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a s-fi thriller
save the damsel in distress
RAINBOW
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ATTACK ON MOSCOW
ROBOT COMMANO
DUNGEON WARRIOR
Complete WGD system ONLY $29 00 Each scenario available separately with WGD
system demo for ONLY $10.00.
,COCO 3 128K Disk
GRIDIRON STRATEGY
The FIRST and still the BEST 2 player football strategy game br
the COCO 3 128K disk.
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One-Liner Contest Winner : < ,
Create a four-by-four "magic square" having a sum
equal to the number you input (between 34 and 366).
The listing:
J3 CLS:INPUT"# (34-366) »;S : IFS<34
ORS>3 6 6THEN0ELSEV= (S+3J3 ) / 4 : H—INT
(V) :T=V-H:F0RI=1T016:READR:V=INT
( R/ 4 ) : PRI NT @ 3 *R+ 2 j3 * V+ 64 / USING ll ##
# M ; H- ( T># ) ; t T»T- . fl 6 2 5 : H=H-1 : NEXT
: PRINT@224 : DATA9 , 15,2,4,7,1,12 , 1
0 , 0 ,6, 11,13,14,8, 5,3 : 1 (C) 1988
MICHAEL G. TOEPKE
Michael Toepke
Oak Harbor, WA
(For this winning one-liner contest entry, the author has been sent copies
of both The Rainbow Book of Simulations and its companion The Rainbow
Simulations Tape.)
Files Edit Run Compile Options
To Assembly .a
To Object
To Executal
Cancel
mining
• CCENV® PROGRAMMING ENVIRONMENT
CCENV is a mouse-and-menu driver for all 0S9 compilers and assemblers. CCENV is inleractive
and easy to use. A single mouse-click can take a C program from source code to executable module
and then run the program in a window. Colorful pull-down menus, popup menus and dialog boxes
set all compiler, assembler, and linker options. Temporary files are automatically written on the
RAMdisk if available, reducing compile-time. Go from edit mode to compile and back to edit with
mouse-clicks. Error messages are saved and can be scrolled in a window during your next editing
session.
CCENV maintains configuration files so all options can be rechosen automatically. A PROJECT
option implements the MAKE utility, allowing large projects to be split into separate modules until
linking. Coupled with CCENV, any 0S9 compiler becomes interactive and brisk. You can throw
away "CC1." Move over, Turbo C! This is the way programming should be!
CCENV 0S9 COMPILER/ASSEMBLER ENVIRONMENT $49.95
with source code
Requires 0S9 Level II, mouse, and any compiler or assembler.
Preset for the MicroWare C Compiler.
• FUNCTION LIBRARIES
C GRAPHICS LIBRARY: The complete CGFX graphics library in C
source code and rel ocatable modules , . . . . $19.95
C MATH LIBRARY: $19.95
BASICQ9 FORMAT $9.95 Both $24.95
BASIC09 MOUSE & MENU LIBRARY: Create mouse-driven applications with pulldown menus
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and menus in OS9.$14.95 ~ [ (509)
(please add $2.50 S/H) 783-5132
• Fox Ware 5101 W. 12th Kennewick, WA 99337 *
September 1988 THE RAINBOW 137
Garbled Sound
I have a Color Computer 1 with 64 K
and an f F' board. I recently upgraded
from a TV set to a Magnavox CM-
80 and am using the Mark Data Uni-
versal Video Driver. When I run pro-
grams that use a joystick, I get constant
garbled sound with the sounds of the
program on top of it. This happens on
programs such as Polaris, Galactic
Attack and Gopher It, but does not
happen in programs such as Bats and
Bugs or Whirlybird Run. Can this be
fixed, or is it a side effect of adding
things such as a video driver onto the
computer?
Corby Goodman
Lexington, KY
13 The only way to diagnose this
/C kind of problem is to remove the
suspect part from the machine and see
if that solves the problem. If the prob-
lem disappears but returns upon rein-
stallation, recheck the instructions for
proper installation; if it's still a problem,
contact the manufacturer.
More Memory, BASICally
/ am a relatively new programmer,
and I don 't have a lot of knowledge
about machine language. Recently, I
upgraded my CoCo 3 to 512K. To my
surprise, I haven't been able to access
anything more than 27 K and only then
using the PCLEFlRl command. I'm no
better off than when I started. Is the
only way to access this memory through
machine language? I know that many
programs do, CoCo Max III for one.
When I upgraded, I envisioned writing
large programs in BASIC with huge
string storage areas. Am I out of luck,
or is there a fix?
Andrew Wiest
Anderson, SC
Richard Esposito is the principal engi-
neer for BDM Corporation. He holds
bachelor's, master's and doctorate
degrees from Polytechnic Institute of
Brooklyn. He has been writing about
microcomputers since 1980.
Richard Libra is a simulator test
operator for Singer Link Simulation
Systems Division.
1 38 THE RAINBOW September 1 988
By Richard E. Esposito
Rainbow Contributing Editor
with Richard W. Libra
T> The ROM BASIC in the CoCo 3 is
/L a vestige from the past, designed
primarily for backward compatibility
with the older machines. The IBM PC
line has the same problem. No matter
how much memory there is (even with
a 3-megabyte PS/2 Model 80), you only
have 61 K available to BASIC. And the
CoCo is limited to around 30K. Micro-
soft, the author of both, has not made
a commitment to upgrade its interpret-
ers to use the extra RAM.
Colorizing the Oldies
Several years ago I purchased a
couple of programs that I used for
relaxation, enjoyment and relief
from the pressure of my work. These
worked very well on the CoCo 1 and
accomplished precisely what I wanted
to get done with them. The programs
are 8 Ball, by CM. Cook and C.J.
Roslund, and Solitaire, which appeared
in RAINBOW Magazine. Now that I have
bought the CoCo 3, 1 still would like to
use these fine programs; but I get black-
and-white programs instead of color.
Since I'm not a programmer, is there an
easy way in which I can adapt them to
the CoCo 3 so that the colors come out
suitable enough to make the programs
again most enjoyable? They work fine
but are pale imitations of the real thing.
M.L. Brown
Bellevue, OH
13 Since the Tandy CM-8 monitor
/C does not support artifacting, if
you change the PMDDE4 statements in
the programs to PMDDE3, you will re-
store the color, albeit at the expense of
some detail. The Magnavox 8CM-515
monitor does not share this problem,
for it can be operated in composite
video mode for artifacting older games.
No Can Do!
The VIP Library runs fine (with one
or two minor quirks) on my CoCo 3/
RGB combination. I would like,
however, to be able to load it with a RUN
* using the following program:
10 PRLETTE9 , G3:Pfil_ETTE13, G3
20 LOflDtTDESKTDP
A scan of the disk indicates space is
available; however, a PRINT FREE (□)
command shows 0 granules available,
and the disk will not load the program
program in normal fashion.
Elbert Jenkins
St. Simons Island, GA
Another copy protection victim.
Weary Plugs and Disappearing Letters
I've recently bought a Deluxe Color
Mouse, and I think that plugging and
unplugging the mouse and joystick
may harm the ports and the jacks. Is
there a way to have both joysticks and
the mouse connected at the same time?
Also, I have Telewriter-64 and am not
able to save my files on disk. Is there a
way to do it? If I press the same key
more than once, it won 't appear on the
screen. (For example, the word "ap-
pear" shows up as "apear.") Do you
know how I can solve this problem?
Tito Voysest
Lima, Peru
You can always rig up a cable to
/L toggle between the mouse and
joystick. Sounds like you have a really
old version of Telewriter-64 that was
written for the old gray CoCo 1. Since
then, the keyboard scanning routine
was moved, causing your problem.
Contact Cognitec for an upgrade.
Editor's Note: See Mark Haver-
stock's "The Old Switcheroo" (August
'86, Page 108), a hardware project that
gives details for building a switchbox
allowing you to connect three devices
into the joystick port.
Telewriter's Disk Driving Routine
I have two Teac 55 B drives in a Hard
Z\ Drive Specialist's case and con-
troller. Used with a Co Co 2, these
have no problems. I now have a Co Co
3 that works fine until I install the disk
drive controller. Commands such as
PALETTE and WIDTH won't work; but
more importantly, I can 't address the
second side of the drives. I put a friend's
old Radio Shack EPROM into the
spare slot of the controller; now all
commands function on the computer,
but I've lost Side 2 of the drives. I
purchased A DOSS, which when
loaded into BASIC gives me access to
both sides of the drives. The problem is
that when I run Telewriter-64 with TW-
80, / only have access to drives 0 and
L The A DOSS doesn't seem to have an
effect when I load it into BASIC and use
Telewriter. Will ADOSS burned into
an EPROM make four drives usable
with TW-807 Is there an EPROM avail-
able that will access two DSDD drives
as drives 0 and 1 instead of drives 0, 2,
land 3?
Grant Masini
Granger, WA
ADOS-3 works just fine. Telewrit-
er has its own disk driving rou-
tine that overrides the routine in
ROM.
Bootable Backup
I have a CoCo 3 running DeskMate
3. 1 can't make a bootable backup of
the masters but can only piece to-
gether a somewhat workable version. I
have Radio Shack's old drives and
controller. I have not had much luck
with any backups except /dl to /d0.
Ted Crafton
Miami, FL
X) All OS-9 software distributed by
/C Radio Shack is on 35-track single-
sided 5Vi-inch disks and can be backed
up easily using Disk Color Basic's
BACKUP command.
Fixing DeskMate 3
/ have a CoCo 3 and DeskMate 3
with a DCMS connected to the
serial port. I can't get communica-
tion through the serial port. Is there a
fix for DeskMate 3?
Mike Becker
Woodstock CT
ID OS-9 Level II only supports two-
/C way serial communication via a
Modem Pak or RS-232 Pak, so you
cannot use DeskMate 3 for communi-
cations over the /Tl serial port.
A Patch for OS-9
How can I change the sequence of
bytes on VIP software? VIP Disk-
Zap doesn't work with OS-9. Is there
an OS-9 Disk-Zap program?
Serge Alepins
Lemoyne, Quebec
There is an excellent on-disk OS-
/C 9 program patcher, called Patch,
marketed by Computerware. Also,
since the format for OS-9 and Disk
BASIC is the same (the actual physical
disk format), you can use VIP Disk-Zap
to edit OS-9 disks. You just can't zap
them.
A Vote for the Hard Drive
[1 lam planning to purchase a vertical-
^ slot, dual double-sided disk drive,
lJ compatible to OS-9 Level II, in a
slimline case for my CoCo 3. Do you
know who sells one? If you were buying
one for yourself, which would you put
at the top of the list? Is it true that
someone in the United States is devel-
oping a 1 -megabyte RAM board for the
CoCo 3?
Ryan Plammer
Vancouver, British Columbia
13 I would get one floppy and one
/C hard disk and put them both in
one case. CoCo hard drives are much
faster and cheaper than the floppies
were a few years back, hold much more
data, and should no longer be ignored.
Updating Disk Controllers
Quite a few letters have been pub-
lished in THE RAINBOW from people
who have old-style disk controllers
requiring 12 volts. They wish to use
them with CoCo 2s or 3s but can't
because the Co Co 2 and 3 don 't have 12
volts available. The usual suggestion is
to bring 12 volts out to the plug from
inside the computer. It is also possible
to add a 5- to 12-volt converter, avail-
able from Marlin P. Jones, Lake Park,
FL, (305) 848-8236. It's Part Number
PS-1934 and costs $2.50. I've done this
with two controllers and find that it also
requires a 12-volt zener diode.
Another way is to replace the disk
controller chip, WD-1793, with an MB-
8877, available from Jameco Electron-
ics with a $20 minumum order or from
JDR Electronics, (800) 538-5000. I buy
them locally from Arkline Electronics
Toledo, (419) 476-6727. I've done
three this way, and they work just fine.
Your February column states that
some CoCo 2 programs such as VIP
have a problem easily fixed with the
GIME chip in the CoCo 3. So how do
you fix it already? This is the only thing
stopping me from going to a CoCo 3.
Robert W. Klahn
Sylvania, OH
13 The easiest way is to use a disk-
/C zapper program. Assuming you
don't have one, the next best way is to
write a BASIC program that reads the
offending file as a random access file
with records of one character each.
When your program reads the code that
needs changing, write out the corrected
bytes. Be sure to do this on a backup
of the original.
Printing While Online
/ am presently using Greg-E-Term
with my CoCo 3. I heard that there
is a way to have my printer print
while I am on-line. I'm using a DMP-
130 printer with a DCM-3 Modem. Do
you know of any way to print while in
Communications mode? Also, have you
heard of people using a DCM-3 and
being unable to use MikeyTerm as a
result?
13 It is possible to construct an RS-
/L 232 Y-cable so that your printer
can be online; however, the printer must
be able to run at the same speed as your
modem without overflowing its RAM
buffer.
For a quicker response, your ques-
tions may also be submitted through
RAINBOW'S CoCo SIG on Delphi.
From the CoCo SIG> prompt, pick
Rainbow Magazine Services, then,
at the RAINBOW> prompt, type
ASK for "Ask the Experts'* to arrive
at the EXPERTS> prompt, where
you can select the "Doctor ASCII"
online form which has complete
instructions.
September 1 988 THE RAINBOW 1 39
This month we will look at two
short items. The first is an update
on an earlier project, and the
other is a hardware patch for the Multi-
Pak's IRQ problem.
In a two-part project in November
and December of 1987, I described
making a parallel interface and building
it right into the CoCo. It turns out that
some people are having problems. Paul
Anderson of SD Enterprises said that
the D WP 430 printer from Radio Shack
requires a longer strobe pulse width
than my circuit delivered. At 2 MHz
(the double speed for the CoCo 3), the
problem was even greater.
I have an Epson FX-80 printer. When
1 tested my circuit on it, it worked fine.
The pulse width for the strobe signal
(even at 2 M Hz) is wide enough to make
it work. If you look back to the circuit
in the November '87 RAINBOW, you see
that the signal connecting the data into
the latch is also the signal that drives the
strobe signal of the printer. That signal
is derived from the memory mapping of
data from the CPU. This makes the
width of the signal directly proportional
to the clock speed of the CPU. The
faster the CPU is clocked, the shorter
the strobe pulse is. For my printer this
is no problem, but for slower strobe
printers like the DMP 430, it is a
problem that must be addressed.
To solve this problem, I looked at the
spec sheets of several popular printers.
Much to my surprise, I found out that
printers have a wide range of strobe
pulse widths, from .5 microseconds to
a full 2 microseconds. Not only that, 1
also found out some printers require
that data be valid up to 1 microsecond
before the strobe line goes active. If you
look again at my circuit, the strobe line
is active at the same time as the data.
Oopsl I guess I should have done my
homework before putting out that
article. Well, fortunately, 1 have a good
fix. After looking through my TTL data
books, 1 came up with a circuit that will
give the strobe signal both a 1-
microsecond delay and a pulse width of
2 microseconds. That should be enough
to satisfy any printer's needs.
The chip 1 decided to use is a
74HC123, which is a dual retriggerable
Tony DiStefano is a well-known early
specialist in computer hardware proj-
ects. He lives in Laval Ouest, Quebec.
Tonys username on Delphi is DISTO.
An update on the parallel
interface and a hardware
patch for the Multi-Pak
Summer
Cleanup
By Tony DiStefano
Rainbow Contributing Editor
monostable multivibrator — a mouth-
ful, but not that complicated. Basically,
there is an input signal and an output
signal. An R/C (resistor/ capacitor)
constant determines how long the pulse
is. Every time the input is strobed, the
output becomes active for the duration
of the pulse width, which is controlled
by the R/C constant. I chained the
output of the first multivibrator to the
input of the second, which then goes to
the strobe of the printer. The first gives
me the delay to set up the data; the
second gives me a pulse width that is
controllable by the R/C constant and
not the clock speed of the CPU.
Construction of this, I hope, won't be
too hard. If you have already built the
parallel printer adapter and have
enough room to fit one more chip and
four components, you're home free. If
you have not built it yet but want to, just
make sure that you have enough room
to place one more chip. The rest of it
is the same as in the November '87 issue.
If you don't have enough room, you
have two choices: Start over again, or
make a small piggypack board. I sug-
gest that you start over, since it makes
for a cleaner job and is easier to trace
if you have a problem.
The circuit in Figure 1 is the fix only
and does not include the rest of the
circuit needed to make the complete
parallel adapter. The 74HC123 chip
requires +5 volts on Pin 16 and ground
on Pin 8. To interface it into the rest of
the original circuit, follow these instruc-
tions:
1) Remove the wire that goes to Pin
1 of the printer connector.
2) Connect that wire to the point
marked "input" in Figure 1.
3) Connect the wire marked "output"
in Figure 1 to Pin 1 of the printer
connector left vacant by Step 1.
4) Connect +5V and ground to the
chip.
With this modification, no other
changes are required; the software
remains the same, and all printers
should work at either slow or fast speed.
The second part of this article deals
with interrupts and the Multi-Pak.
Many people may never come acoss this
problem, which will show up only in
certain cases. First, I think that explain-
ing what the Multi-Pak does will help
you understand the problem.
The Radio Shack Multi-Pak has four
slots and was Radio Shack's original
idea to expand the CoCo; the idea was
that people who bought the expander
would plug four game packs into it. As
we all know, Radio Shack game packs
auto start. That means when you plug
in a pack (without a Multi-Pak) and
turn the computer on, the game (or
whatever) starts to play all by itself. To
do that, the computer must be able to
sense the presence of the pack. One pin
on the connector connects to the CPU's
interrupt pin via a PIA. On an auto-
starting game pack, this pin is con-
nected to the Q clock. The Q clock is
a signal coming from the internal cir-
cuits that runs at 1 or 2 MHz, depending
on the mode of the computer. This
signal is fed into the interrupt pin of the
CPU. The CPU responds to this inter-
rupt by a small routine in ROM that
jumps to the software inside the game
pack.
In making the Multi-Pak, Radio
Shack wanted to be able to handle four
packs instead of one. To choose which
one of the packs works requires a
switch, so a four-position switch was
added. The first part of the switch is a
block of memory known as CTS. This
block, as long as 16K, is found from
SC000 to SFEFF for a CoCo 1 and 2 and
from $C000 to $FDFF for the CoCo 3.
The second is another block of memory
known as the SCS area and is mapped
from $FF40 to $FF5F on all CoCos. The
third part of the switch reroutes the
interrupt signal from the selected slot or
game pack to the CPU.
To make the Multi-Pak software
1 40 THE RAINBOW September 1988
1
1 INPUT >
U1B
CEXT
REXT/CEXT
A
Q
B
CLR
Q
74HC123
U1 A
1 2
<OUTPUT I
CEXT
REXT/CEXT
A
Q
B
CLR
Q
1 3
74HC1 23
Figure 1
selectable as well, Radio Shack made
one memory location, SFF7F, into a
software switch. The 8-bit location was
divided into four 2-bit decoders, two of
which control which of the four slots are
active. Since the two memory blocks are
controlled separately, the CTS block
can be selected to one slot and the SCS
block to another. This was a good idea,
since the CTS block usually contained
software and the SCS block usually
contained hardware I/O.
At this point Radio Shack decided to
tie the interrupt router to the same
circuitry that controls the CTS, so that
whatever CTS slot is active originates
the interrupts. This arrangement is OK
for game packs, since changing the
switch to another slot means that
whichever slot has the interrupts also
has the right software. Good for game
packs, but not so good for OS-9 users
— OS-9 relies heavily on interrupts.
Most hardware handshaking is done
with interrupts. OS-9 uses the all-RAM
mode, so the CTS signal is not used. But
with the Multi-Pak, the software switch
still switches the interrupt signal. The
problem is mostly seen when someone
uses the Deluxe RS-232 Pak.
Under OS-9, drivers and hardware
devices can be added and left out to suit
the owner's particular needs, but no one
driver knows what else is using the
hardware. When one device driver
needs the interrupt line, it changes the
software switch to the slot the hardware
is in. If another driver needs the inter-
rupts, it switches it back; this is where
the problem starts. When you change
the software switch away from one slot,
the interrupt has a chance of getting
lost. The problem gets worse when a
device like the RS-232 Pak is online.
The registers for this pack are memory-
mapped in an area not covered by the
software switch, while the interrupts are
covered by the software switch. So if
one driver switches the software switch
away from the slot the RS-232 pack is
in, it can no longer produce an inter-
rupt. Even though the registers are still
in the memory map, data is lost and
things start to get confused.
One solution for this is a small mod-
ification in the Multi-Pak. Interrupt
signals in non-game packs are usually
"open collector," meaning that more
than one signal can be connected to-
gether to form an "OR" type of config-
uration. A simple way to avoid the
problems is to connect all the interrupts
together, so that no matter which slot
the interrupt comes from, the signal
comes through. This mod is simple and
quick. A little soldering experience, a
few tools and a short piece of wire are
all you need. Unplug the Multi-Pak and
remove the bottom screws. Remove the
top and disconnect the power to the
board. Now, remove the screws that
hold down the PC board. Carefully
remove all the pins that hold the bottom
shield to the board. Locate Pin 8 on
each of the four slot connectors. Solder
a piece of wire from one to the other
until all slots are done. Reassemble the
Multi-Pak in reverse order, and that's
all there is to it.
With this modification you should be
able to use the RS-232 Pak under OS-
9 with any one device that changes the
software slot switch and without losing
characters on the Pak.
One- Liner Contest Winner . . ,
This one-liner is for killing files one at a time, without having to type the
KILL command and drive number for each and every file.
The listing:
1 CLS: PRINT: PRINT: INPUT "ENTER DR
IVE ,r ;A:DRIVEA:DIR:INPUT»FILE TO
KILL" ; 33$ : KILLB$ : PRINT"KILL ANOTH
ER?(Y OR N) » : INPUTC$ : IFC$=' t Y»GOT
O1ELSEDRIVE0
Brian Carter
Santa Ana, CA
(For this winning one-liner contest entry, the author has been sent copies of both ftte Third Rainbow Book
of Adventures and its companion The Third Rainbow Adventures Tape )
September 1988 THE RAINBOW 141
RAINBOWTECH
p
D©nfto©inis
The Magic and
Mysteries of OS-9
By Richard A. White
Rainbow Contributing Editor
This begins a new series on OS-9.
It is directed at current and po-
tential Level II users who usually
run a 512K CoCo 3. This combination
provides a powerful, flexible computing
system. Often, the price for power and
flexibility is complexity, and learning
OS-9 is not simple. Trying to take full
advantage of OS-9 and to use any or all
of the various drives (double sided, Z x /i
720K or hard drives), can be confusing
for awhile. (And these are just a few of
the configuration options possible
under OS-9.) Don't expect to be able to
do all those things you wanted to do
under Disk BASIC, but couldn't without
investing some sweat.
Much of the fun in using OS-9 comes
from its power, but with this power
come many complexities. If fun were all
there was to OS-9, it might not be worth
the effort to address some of the head
bangers out there . But personal pro-
ductivity is another driving force, and
in this regard, a CoCo 3 with OS-9 Level
II offers more than most other systems.
So there is considerable value in learn-
ing OS-9. This column will try to aid in
mastering OS-9.
Richard White lives in Fairfield, Ohio,
has a long background with microcom-
puters and specializes in BASIC pro-
gramming. With Don Dollberg, he is
the co-author of the TIMS database
management program.
Where's The Magic?
For over a year now, OS-9 Level II
has been available for CoCo 3s, and
many have become addicted to it.
There's magic in that code. It's sort of
like the magic of getting your first disk
drive after using a cassette recorder, and
it's sort of like the step from a floppy
to a hard drive. But it's not quite like
those improvements either.
It's hard for people to really imagine
how they would use a multitasking
system. There are times when having
your computer do two things at once
can be handy. Exploring another level
in Rogue or knocking off a quick note
in your word processor while down-
loading a long file from Delphi or a
Computer BBS is one use. Those five or
10 minute waits for a download to
complete are some of the world's most
boring moments.
Many files under OS-9 are now ar-
chived using special programs such as
Ar and Pale. These compress one or
more individual files into one file that
generally is much shorter than the
combined length of the original files. A
particularly impressive process is to
start a download of an archived file to
a disk in one window and then move to
another window and to de-archive it
into its original, uncompressed compo-
nent files. Until the download is com-
plete, the file on the disk is open. OS-
9 manages the de-archiving process so
that it proceeds at the rate the down-
loading file is extended. The download-
ing process is in no way delayed if the
de-archiving process progresses at the
same pace. There is a catch. You need
a no-halt disk controller or a hard drive
so that the de-archiving disk accesses
don't interfere with your downloading.
George, a local CoCo 3 owner, called
me and asked how to set up his Burke
& Burke hard drive under Disk BASIC.
George's CoCo XT interface board had
arrived that morning, and he had just
walked in the house with a new hard
drive. He was ready to use his drive, and
didn't want to get bogged down in
reading the start-up instructions.
1 told him I had set up mine under
OS-9 and could talk him through the
OS-9 setup. George didn't want to
attempt OS-9, but he owned Level II,
so I talked him into it. Two days later,
he called to say that his system was
running well and that I had ruined him.
It seems that he downloaded an ar-
chived file and tried the concurrent de-
archiving trick described above. It
worked! He was both astonished by and
delighted with OS-9. After two more
days passed, he called to report that he
had downloaded RiBBS (the bulletin
board program available from the OS-
9 SIG on Delphi). Now, George has
RiBBS running full time on his CoCo
3 while programming.
That George is not your typical per-
sonal computer owner is beside the
point. He was in the process of writing
a BBS to run under Disk BASIC, so he
had the hardware, including the phone
line, ready. Probably, he would have
bought a second CoCo 3 once he ded-
142
THE RAINBOW September 1988
icated the first one to the BBS. He had
not given a thought to an OS-9-based
BBS, but in the space of four days, he
had one running and still had use of the
CoCo for his own computing. He is
using the same hardware I am. I have
everything needed to do the same thing
and so do many of you. The key is in
OS-9, which has the power to make
things like this possible.
I just read a column in a PC magazine
that discussed multitasking with the
new OS-2 operating system offered for
IBM PS-2 and clone machines. But,
OS-2 alone does not provide windows,
so multitasking is in the traditional
"background mode" that OS-9 pro-
vided before the CoCo version of Level
II became available, and OS-2 costs
about $400.
Magic For Us Mortals
Multitasking BBSs is not the real
value of multitasking on a personal
computer, however. More important is
the ability to move from one application
program to another with one or two
keystrokes. For this, one needs multi-
tasking and windows. This ability is not
unique to the CoCo 3 running OS-9
Level II, but one must pay much more
to get the capability in other systems. I
am not talking about a program that
has windows. I mean an operating
system that lets you run any program in
any appropriate window. This task is
much more complex.
More examples are in order. I am
running a 5I2K machine, which is
necessary to do what 1 will describe.
When I boot into OS-9, I load the
operating system, and a number of
utilities and programs. Right now, I
have 88 separate executable modules in
memory. Of these, 46 are operating
system components, which include
managers, drivers and device descrip-
tors. Many have functional counter-
parts in Disk BASIC that cannot be listed
separately as under OS-9, but they are
still there. The remaining 42 modules
include utilities like Dir, Copy, etc.,
which have their Disk BASIC counter-
parts, as well as my word processor,
terminal package and a selection of
other frequently used programs. Right
now, I have 2I6K of free memory into
which I could load and run other pro-
grams.
When I wrote, "Right now, I have
. . ."I meant right now. At each of those
points, I went to another window and
typed to list what I had in memory and
then, to find the free memory at that
instant. In fact, I went back and forth
between the word processing window
and the memory directory list window
several times to make sure I got the text
right.
Something else I often do is go to
another window to get a directory
listing and make a new directory on the
spur of the moment. After four years of
using an IBM AT at the office 1 got this
capability, but I had to spend $200 on
Sidekick Plus to get it.
The combination of multitasking and
having multiple windows is a major
performance improvement. It allows us
to attack those computing delays that
are not addressable by speeding up the
hardware and software. It changes the
basic ways we use the computer. The
CoCo 3 works smarter, not harder.
What Is An Operating System?
At the most basic level, an operating
system is the program that makes the
various components of a computer
work together. Consider a 64K CoCo 2.
The 6809 microprocessor knows that on
start-up it must look at the very top
bytes of memory to find the address of
METRIC INDUSTRIES, INC.
\ f B
mSSSi
Model 101
Serial to Parallel Printer Interface
* Works with any COCO
* Compatible with "Centronics" Parallel Input Printers
* Just turn the knob to select any one of 6 baud rates 300-9600
* Comes complete with cables to connect to your printer
and computer
* Can be powered by most printers
Model 104 Deluxe Interface
with "Modem Switch"
* Same Features as 1 01 Plus
* Built in Serial Port for your Modem or other serial device
* Switch between Serial Output and Parallel Output
* Comes with cables to connect to your computer and printer
* Can be powered by most printers
Model 1 05 Serial Switch
* Connects to your COCO to give you 2 switch selectable
Serial Ports
* Comes with a 3 foot cable to connect to your computer
* Now you can connect your Printer {or printer interface)
and your Modem (or other serial device) to your COCO
and flip the switch to use either device
* Does not require power
Cassette Label Printing Program
New Version 2.1 prints 7 lines of information
on Cassette labels
Comes on Tape with instructions to transfer to disk
Menu driven, very easy to use
Save and Load Labels from Tape and Disk
Uses the features of your printer to print standard,
expanded, and condensed characters
Automatically Centers Each Line of Text
Allows editing of label before printing
Program comes with 24 labels to get you started
1 6K ECB required
Some of the Printers
That Can-
Supply power for the 101 and
1 04 are Radio Shack, Star,
Okidata, Brother, Juki, and
Smith Corona.
Some of the Printers
That Cannot -
Supply power for the interfaces
are Epson, Seikosha,
Panasonic, Silver Reed and
NEC. If your printer cannot
supply power to the interface
you can order your interface
with the "P" option or you can
supply your own AC adapter.
We recommend the Radio
Shack 273-1 431 AC adapter
with a 274-328 connector
adapter.
Write or call for more
information or for technical
assistance.
Price List
Model 101 35.95
Model 1 01 P 41.95
Model 104 44.95
Model 104P 51.95
Model 105 14.95
Cassette Label Program 6.95
Pin Feed Cassette Labels:
White 3.00/100
Colors (specify) 3.60/C
Red-Blue-Yellow-Tan
4 Pin Din Serial
COCO Cables:
Male/Male 6 foot
Male/Female 6 foot
Female/Female 6 foot
Other Lengths Available.
All items covered by a
1 year warranty
4.49
4.49
4.49
Free Shipping in the
U.S.A. (except AK and HI)
on all orders over $50
On orders under $50
please add $2.50 for
shipping and handling
On orders outside the
U.S.A. please write or call
for shipping charges
Metric Industries Inc.
P.O. Box 42396
Cincinnati, OH 45242
(513) 677-0796
September 1988 THE RAINBOW 1 43
Submitting
Material
To Rainbow
Contributions to the rainbow
are welcome from everyone. We
like to run a variety of programs
that are useful/helpful/fun for
other CoCo owners.
WHAT TO WRITE: We are inter-
ested in what you may wish to tell
our readers. We accept for consid-
eration anything that is well-
written and has a practical appli-
cation for the Tandy Color Com-
puter. If it interests you, it will
probably interest lots of others.
However, we vastly prefer articles
with accompanying programs
which can be entered and run. The
more unique the idea, the more the
appeal. We have a continuing need
for short articles with short list-
ings. These are especially appeal-
ing/to our many beginners.
FORMAT: Program submis-
sions must be on tape or disk, and
it is best to make several saves, at
least one of them in ASCII format.
We're sorry, but we do not have
time to key in programs and debug
our typing errors. All programs
should be supported by some ed-
itorial commentary explaining
how the program works. We also
prefer that editorial copy be in-
cluded on the tape or disk using
any of the word processors cur-
rently available for the Color Com-
puter. Also, please include a
double-spaced printout of your
editorial material and program
listing. Do not send text in all
capital letters; use upper- and
lowercase.
COMPENSATION: We do pay
for submissions, based on a
number of criteria. Those wishing
remuneration should so state
when making submissions.
For the benefit of those who
wish more detailed information on
making submissions, please send
a self-addressed, stamped enve-
lope (SASE) to: Submission
Guidelines, the rainbow, The Fal-
soft Building, P.O. Box 385, Pros-
pect, KY 40059. We will send you
comprehensive guidelines.
Please do not submit material
currently submitted to another
publication.
144 THE RAINBOW September 1988
its start-up program. It finds memory
locations that are really in the MC6883
SAM chip which hold an address that
turns out to be in the CoCo BASIC ROM
chip. At this point the top 32K bytes of
read-and-write memory (RAM) are
turned off so the 6809 can read the
Read-Only Memory (ROM) chips. The
6809 doesn't care whether it is seeing
ROM or RAM as long as what it reads
makes sense. Obviously, what the 6809
sees does make sense. The designers of
the CoCo made sure of that. What the
6809 reads is its start-up program which
it dutifully performs. One of the first
tasks in the start-up code is to display
the message you see when you start your
computer. The code for the characters
in the words is there so the problem is
getting the words onto your screen.
One primary task of an operating
system is handling communications
with components of the computer sys-
tem external to the computer itself.
These include the screen and keyboard,
which comprise the terminal; the exter-
nal storage, including tape and disk
drives; the printer and other ports such
as CoCo's RS-232. As a group, these are
called I/O for Input/ Output.
On the earliest digital computers,
input and output were switches and
lights only. Programmers needed to talk
the computer's language — on and off.
Everything was hard to make, hard to
do and hard to afford. Memory was a
major barrier. As permanent memory
capacity became available, simple oper-
ating systems were written and stored in
internal memory, allowing the comput-
er to reach the point where it could load
programs from cheaper, external,
memory-like punched cards. As mem-
ory became cheaper and more available,
programs and operating systems grew
larger letting the computer do more of
the repetitive tasks.
Returning to 1988 and the CoCo we
left booting a bit ago, we find it ready.
It found the operating system code to
display the message and sent along the
right letters and words. It wrote some
start-up data on its "scratch pad" in
RAM where it can change data if neces-
sary. CoCo found out whether or not
Extended and Disk BASIC were availa-
ble and set itself up accordingly. Finally,
it sent you an OK on the screen and
waited for you to type something.
If you have Disk BASIC, you might
type DIR. The computer will read the
directory of the disk in Drive 0 and
display it on your screen. Simple
enough, right? Well maybe, but neither
you nor I had to write the programs the
CoCo used to get the directory. First, it
used a program called a command
interpreter which in some systems,
including OS-9, is called the Shell. The
command interpreter takes the charac-
ters you typed up to the carriage return
(ENTER) and analyzes them. When it
finds that the first word you typed
matches a command word it knows, it
processes the rest of the characters for
data that goes with that command and
calls the program for that command to
do the work. The process of analyzing
the string of characters is called parsing.
Parsing a character string to find a
command and its parameters is one of
the most basic computer functions. It's
part of all modern operating systems
and many programs. Since the process
is to compare a character string with
character strings found in memory, a
command could consist of any charac-
ters, in any order, that the computer will
recognize.
You could have typed FOR X = 1 TO
1000: NEXT and your CoCo would
accept it. There would be a short delay
and then the OK would reappear. Wait
a minute, that's BASIC! Right. On the
CoCo, the operating system and BASIC
use the same command interpreter and
are co-resident in the ROMs. This is not
true of programming languages under
OS-9 — they must be loaded separately.
What are BASIC commands, and what
are operating system commands? One
answer is that those commands regu-
larly part of a separately loaded BASIC
on other machines are language, and all
others are operating system commands.
Perhaps this is not the clearest answer,
but it is the best available since BASIC
is more defined than an operating
system. Another way to look at the
question in the Disk BASIC context is to
consider all non-BASlC commands as
operating system utilities and to restrict
the definition of an operating system to
presently unnamed pieces of program
that directly interface with the system's
hardware.
The utilities DIR, COPY, LORD, RE-
NAME, BACKUP, etc., all need to read
information from a disk. Each does a
different thing with the information
once it has it. Each uses the same code
to read the disk, so that code only needs
to be present once so that each utility
can call it when needed. Do you start
to see a building block process? There
are some basic function code pieces,
let's call them primitives, that are used
by higher level utilities. In turn, these
utilities can be called by other utility
programs. Keep this hieraf<5Rv in mind,
for this type of structure is more evident
in OS-9.
Although CoCo BASIC does some
unexpected things (like including a
resident BASIC), there are some things
that operating systems on larger com-
puters can do that CoCo BASIC does
not. One difference is CoCo's inability
to read commands from a file on disk.
Another, it is not easily changed. CoCo
Is and 2s are particularly difficult since
the operating system and BASIC are
normally run from ROM, which cannot
be changed.
While the CoCo 3 has ROMs, it runs
from RAM. On start-up, the ROMs are
enabled. Part of the start-up sequence
is to read the ROMs into RAM and
then change the code. This is why the
old Version 1.0 Disk BASIC ROM will
work in a CoCo 3 even though it was
replaced by Version 1.1 five years ago.
If the CoCo 3 has Disk BASIC in
RAM, theoretically one can poke in
bytes to change it. Fine, what do I poke
where? Ah, there's the rub. Although
few people have taken Disk BASIC apart
to see what makes it tick, and some have
written software to change or enhance
it, this is not a task for a typical BASIC
programmer. Further, software that
does enhance Disk BASIC is typically
written into larger programs like a disk
management or a fancy terminal pro-
gram. When you want to run a BASIC
program, these enhancement programs
are not running, so you are back to to
what Disk BASIC offers.
What's wrong with what Disk BASIC
gives you? Single sided, 30-ms step rate
drives have not been manufactured for
several years. My 80-track, double-
sided, six-ms step rate, 720K, 3!4-inch
drive works just fine under Disk BASIC.
It uses 35 tracks on one side at 30-ms
and stores 156K bytes. Using a special
driver, I can access my hard drive from
Disk BASIC, but then some machine
language software I like won't work.
Disk basic does not support disk direc-
tories, but that is no problem with a
small disk capacity. While MS-DOS
and OS-9 have type-ahead buffers built
into the operating system, Disk BASIC
does not. One of the reasons I went to
OS-9 in the first place was that I got
tired of losing characters in my Disk
BASIC word processor. To have all the
features I wanted, I needed a more
powerful system.
How Does OS-9 Do It?
The first CoCo went on sale in Sep-
tember, 1980. Extended BASIC was
ready in March of the following year.
Disk basic followed in the fall. The
design of the system reflects good
consumer, microcomputer technology
for the CoCo's intended time and
market. OS-9 took an entirely different
path. A look at its history sheds light on
this difference.
OS-9's characteristics reflect different
goals from other microcomputer oper-
ating systems. The 6809 appeared in the
late 1970s, and Motorola contracted
with Microware to provide an operating
system to utilize the special character-
istics of the chip. The 6809 had been
designed with multitasking in mind, and
this operating system was to provide
this capability. Since memory was costly
in those days, memory economy was an
important factor. To access the indus-
trial instruments and controls market,
the system needed to be in ROM. In
addition, programming utilities would
not need to be in the operating system
included in the final hardware. The final
operating system would be different
than the development system, and the
memory in the final hardware would be
smaller than in the machine that devel-
oped the software. The program mod-
ules in the final machine would not be
in the memory location used while being
written.
Remember I said I have 88 modules
in memory. Except for a few, each is
relocatable — it can be loaded into any
location in memory. Over the past year,
I have revised my operating system a
number of times. Many of the modules
are the same, but relocated. Moreover,
none of the programs today occupy the
memory locations they did six months
ago. Clearly OS-9 is a modular system
that can be shaped one way for one
application and another for the next
Today OS-9 is true to its original
design objectives and provides out-
standing performance at very low cost.
With OS-9, any program module can be
loaded anywhere in the memory space
and still be executed // the code is
written in relocatable form. This means
that addresses are expressed relative to
the program counter register in the 6809
and not in absolute terms. Data is
accessed by offsets from the beginning
of the data space, which can then be
located anywhere in the logical memory
space.
Traditionally, multitasking submits a
task to the operating system using some
form of job control language. The
operating system works on the job in the
background while the user has use of the
terminal for another task. Output from
the job goes to a disk or printer —
seldom to the terminal. This is the way
multitasking works in the brand new
OS-2 operating system.
But a new idea was developing —
windows through which a user could
quickly access different programs and
jobs. Thus, you are able to switch
between different jobs without actually
running those jobs concurrently. An
outgrowth of this idea is TSR (termi-
nate and stay resident) software for MS-
DOS. The first was Sidekick which is
generally loaded on bootup and then
called by pressing cntrl-alt keys. One
DMC "No Halt" Disk Controller
$137.50*
•without ROM
Unleash your CoCo's potential!
Our new Dual Mode Controller (DMC) implements a new
"no halt" mode of operation so it can read from or write
to disk all by itself. The 6809 is freed to process other
tasks and respond to interrupts. This is how OS-9 was
meant to run! But the Radio Shack "halt" mode of
operation is also retained to maintain full compatibility
with existing non-OS-9 software.
Other DMC features:
r 4|
New! OF-Link (FLEX under OS-9)
Lets you run FLEX in a window under OS-9 Level II.
Ask for more details. Introductory price $49
Did you know?
. . .that all the older floppy disk controllers for the
CoCo completely tie up (and even halt) the 6809 pro-
cessor during disk reads and writes? No wonder
your keyboard is constantly "losing" characters! Or
that your serial port often gives you garbage.
• works with original CoCo, CoCo2, or CoCo3
(Multi-Pak usually required) "
• no adjustments — all digital data separator and write
precompensation
• gold plated card-edge connectors for reliability
• ROM socket takes 24 pin or 28 pin chip; dual DOS capability
• Radio Shack DOS 1.1 ROM for complete compatibility
• 8K bytes cache memory on board (32K optional)
• D.P. Johnson's SDISK package (specially modified for DMC)
is included at no charge ($30 value)
• disk caching software included free
• fully assembled and tested; 120 day limited warranty
• call or write for free brochure for more details
To ordtr: DMC controller with RSDOS 1.1 and SDISK (specify
OS-9 Level I or II) $149.50 plus $5 SIH ($12 overseas). Add $16
for 32K RAM option. Terms (prices in $US); check, money
order, VISA. U.S.A. orders shipped via UPS from WA state.
2261 East 11th Ave., Vancouver, B.C., Canada V5N 1Z7
(Also ask about our ST-2900
6809 based expandable
single board computer)
(604) 255-4485 (Pacific Time)
September 1 988 THE RAINBOW 145
J.?V:i<t-*";.
_
Frank Hogg Laboratory
J 2 Years of Servj£
DISCO
NEW LOWER
PRICES!!
and Friendly Help!
E LIST
CoCo Burke & Burke Hard Drive Kits
FLASH! More Burke and Burke systems
have been bought in the last six months
than other systems have sold in the last
3 years!!!!
Our first system features the Burke & Burke XT or XT RTC
interface. This interface uses popular and inexpensive IBM PC
type controllers. For this reason it is the least expensive hard
disk system available today. Not as fast as the Isted system but
faster than any other system available. It also supports RLL
drives. Note: Disk Extended Color Basic support and other
software options are listed on our price list.
Disadvantage; requires a multi-pak.
KIT INCLUDES: Burke & Burke (B&B) XT PC interface. Hard
drive with controller, 3 foot ST506 cable set. Hard Drive Case
with 60 watt power supply and £aji. Includes OS9 LI and LII
software. 1 megabyte transfer in 45 seconds! Type ahead under
OS9. Complete instructions. Easy one evening assembl:
1 YEAR WARRANTY ON ALL SYSTEM
20 Meg Kit Complete 60MS
30 Meg Kit Complete 60MS RLL
40 Meg Kit Complete 60MS
Assemble and test any of the above add
OPTIONS:
B&B Real Time Clock (add to above)
B&B XT ROM Auto Boot from hard disk
B&B Hyper I/O run DECB on hard drive
B&B Hyper III Ramdisk/spooler for above
FBU Fast Hard disk Back Up
♦498.00
♦548.00
♦618.00
50.00
30.00
19.95
29.95
19.95
75.00
Hard Drive Bits and Pieces
B&B XT PC style interface
B&B XT RTC interface w/clock/calendar
(Call for Hard Drive and Kit prices)
FHL HCA/WD High Speed Interface
WD 1002-05 High Speed for FHL Interface
(Supports both Hara and Fli
(Call for Hard Drive prices)
(Supports both Hard and Floppy drives)
(Call for Hard Drive prices)
Hard Drive case with 60W P/S and Fan
69.95
99.95
♦99.95
♦196.00
♦98.00
(Can also be used for floppy drives)
SPECIFICATIONS: size 16" deep, 5.5^ high, V wide. 60 Watt power supply
with 3 drive type power connectors, quiet 12 volt DC fan, LED power indicator,
color matches CoCo. Holds 2 1/2 height hard or floppy drives and has card
guided space for a PCB the size of a drive (like the WD 1002-05 controller)
Floppy Drives (5.25" and 3.5" FLOPPY DISKS)
TEAC High Quality Drives - 1 Year Warr.
FD55B 360K 40 Track DS 5.25" 118.00
FD55F 720K 80 Track DS 5.25: 151.00
FD35F 720K 80 Track DS 3.5" 14 7.00
(Bare drives, requires case and power supply $75.00)
— -
i iniiiii
Mm
"f'V"^*
CoCo FHL High Speed Hard Drive Kits
Our top of the line system features Bruce Isted's interface for
the Western Digital WD 1002-05 high speed controller.
Features; fastest system available, 1 megabyte transfer in
only 37 seconds!! Twice as fast as other systems! Supports 4
floppy and 3 hard drives, type ahead for both floppy and hard
disk, autoboot OS9 LI or L2 from hard or floppy disk.
Disadvantage; does not support DECB. This is the system of
choice for the serious OS9 user.
KIT INCLUDES: FHL HCA/WD High Speed interface, Hard drive
with WD 1002-05 controller, ST506 cable set, 4 foot 40 pin
cable, Hard Drive Case with 60 watt power supply and fan .
OS9 software for LI and LII with source . Complete instructions.
Easy one evening assembly.
( INTERFACE SPECIFICATIONS: Size is the same as a floppy
controller. Interfaces the WD 1002-05 controller to the CoCo.
This controller handles 3 hard and 4 floppy drives. Type ahead
under OS9 for both floppy and hard drive. Includes OS9 LI and
LII software with source. Autoboot ROM included to boot from
floppy or hard drive. Supports OS9 only. 1 megabyte transfer
in 37 seconds!)
1 YEAR WARRANTY ON ALL SYSTEMS!
20 Meg High Speed Kit Complete
40 Meg High Speed Kit Complete
70 Meg High Speed Kit Complete
Assemble & Test any of the above add
OPTIONS:
Floppy Drive (Mounted in case)
FBU Fast Hard disk Back Up
*725.00
*825.00
1260.00
60.00
128.00
75.00
mi
7m
ORDERING INFORMATION VISA and M/C. NY residents add 7% sales
tax. US shipping add $3.50. Please call for Air Express shipping.
Send for FREE FHL NewsLetter and catalog.
♦•Most of our software requires OS9 LII and 512K.
* New LOWER PRICES!!!
Frank Hogg Laboratory, Inc
770 James Street - Syracuse, NY 13203
Telex 646740
Call 315/474-7856
■•• ■■■■ "j ' yw
J"."" '
- :...<;-y ■■ . ■ . i
Frank Hogg Laboratory
12 Weam of Service, Support, and Friendly Help!
OS9
The WIZ
by Bill Brady
Did you ever wonder why there is only one really good
communications package for OS 9? The WIZ is so good that no
one has been able to better it in over a year on the market!
Simply the best package there is for OS 9 and the CoCo JSL
FEATURES: Mac-Like interface with windows, text and
binary upload/download with xmodem, kermit, on line HELP,
AUTOLOGGING lets you dial up and log on to your favorite
service, Macros, VT52 emulation, Usage log and much more.
The Wiz requires a RS232 Pak or similar device, LIE and 512K.
Supports the Owl-Ware Super I/O board.
The WIZ
Disto RS232 Pak
79.95
49.95
OS9 Users Group Disk Library
We have the complete OS9 Users Group Library available
for immediate delivery. We pay the UG a royalty so you will be
helping a worthy cause when you buy these disks. All the
programs include source and some documentation. The 11 disk
library is the best deal if you can read 80 track double sided
disks. These disks are 720K each and are all almost full. That's
almost 8 megabytes of programs for only $156! The individual
disks are on 35 or 40 track disks and some are double sided.
Call or send for the list.
OS9 Users Group Disks each (50+ disks)
Complete 11 disk library
10.00
156.00
Inside OS9 Level II
The Book by Kevin Darling
$39.95
Are your tired of playing games with Level II? Do you want to
find out what's going on inside OS9? This is the book for you!
Over 200 pages of hints, kinks, bugs, source listings and much
more. Written by the well known Compuserve SysOp, Kevin
Darling. 'Must reading' says Dale Puckett in Rainbow!
Sculptor
Sculptor is a applications language, commonly referred to as a
4th Generation Language. Basically this means that you can
create applications in one tenth the time it would normally take.
Sculptors screen and print formatting make screen displays and
reports easy and fast. Sculptors B+ tree index system makes
record lookup lighting fast. Programs are portable too.
Sculptor 249.00
Sculptor Special (If we have any left, (call)) 149.00
DynaStar
Used by more OS9 users than any other!
FEATURES: Best OS 9 editor/word processor/text formatter, has
everything you would expect and more, supports terminals and
windows simultaneously, auto-configurable, auto-indent for C
and Pascal programming, mail merge for form letters, bug free,
solid. New manual makes it easier to use than ever. Most pop-
ular word processor since 19821 Uses CoCo 3's windows for
pop-up help menus, can be disabled. Two key sequence to move
from anywhere to anywhere in your text. WordStar command
style. Will work with files larger than memory. Merge function
allows stringing many files together at print time. Full block
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to disk. Keyboard Macros: Define or redefine any control
key (up to 29) to reproduce any key sequences, including
commands! Macros can be read in at startup automatically or
created on the fly as needed. Printer Control: Supports
multiple printers via a print control file that transforms
imbedded control characters to printer control characters.
Changing printers is easy. Formatting Commands:
Justification, word wrap, centering, headers, footers, macros,
odd and even support, multiple index generation, multiple table
of contents generation and more! DynaStar is the last word
processor you will ever have to buy! Level I version also
included on disk.
DynaStar word processor/formatter
150.00
DynaSpell
by Dale Puckett
102,000 and 20,000 word dictionaries included. Supports both
Level I and II. Fast, slick, the best available for OS9. Written
by Rainbowtech columnist Dale Puckett.
DynaSpell spelling checker 75.00
SPECIAL WHEN PURCHASED WITH DYNASTAR 25.00
ORDERING INFORMATION VISA and M/C. NY residents add 7% sales
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Telex 646740
Call 315/474-7856
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148 THE RAINBOW September 1988
can be working on a spreadsheet or
using a wordprocessor, instantly switch
to Sidekick to use one of its utilities and
then pick up where the first job was left
off.
There are problems here. If you try
to have a number of TSR programs in
the machine at once, they will fight to
use the same DOS connections. Docu-
mentation and magazine articles recog-
nize this problem and give sage advice
like "load this program first." When you
have two programs that give this same
advice, you really have problems. Is it
any wonder that an owner of an MS-
DOS machine who has had this prob-
lem would doubt us when we promise
no problem under OS-9 — particularly
when our CoCo system costs half as
much?
The key to OS-9's success lies in the
way the operating system manages the
program modules so that each has
access to the operating system resources
as needed. Each running module is
allocated a time share of the computer.
If it has nothing to do, it goes to sleep,
and OS-9 wakes it up when work ar-
rives. The operating system keeps a list
of where each module is in memory and
sees that other modules don't interfere
with it.
Each piece of OS-9's operating sys-
tem is reasonably accessible, change-
able and replaceable. The system can
grow with the computer. When I added
a double-sided drive, 1 changed my
device descriptor, and all my applica-
tions used it as double-sided. When I
got a hard disk, I added a new driver
and device descriptor, and all my appli-
cations now run from the hard disk.
It's almost like managing a baseball
team and changing the lineup from time
to time. And, like members of a team,
each player has special skills. Next
month, we will introduce some of the
players and see how they operate.
Getting Started With OS-9
When purchasing OS-9, the best
advice is to start slow and easy. Don't
begin with hardware for OS-9 alone.
This is particularly true of RAM up-
grades with prices inflated by high chip
costs. Chip costs should stay high until
the end of 1988. Watch for before-
Christmas sale prices. October through
December are good months to buy
CoCos. Level I OS-9 is obsolete so don't
pay the $69.95 list.
BAS1C09 in the OS-9 Level II package,
which costs $79.95 list, is identical to
software that sells separately for $99.95.
The Level II package has better docu-
mentation and the complete Level II
operating system. CoCo 1 and 2 owners
who are running Level 1 and are con-
sidering buying BASIC09, should buy
OS-9 Level II.
CoCo 1 and 2 owners who need to
buy OS-9, should make sure to get Level
I, Version 2. This is an upgrade and
includes many new features not pre-
viously available. It is available through
Radio Shack (Cat. No. 700-2331) for
about $25. It will run on a CoCo 3 when
you upgrade; Version 1 will not.
Watch for real deals on Level I. It has
an assembler, Def files and a number of
utilities like DeBug, Save and Verify
that will run under Level II, but are not
in the Level 11 package. Make sure the
Level I package is complete with the
three manuals included.
OS-9 documentation is terse, though
fairly complete. It's not bug free. Those
with photographic memories will ap-
preciate it. If you want something not
so industrial strength, try The Complete
Rainbow Guide to OS-9 by Dale Puck-
ett and Peter Dibble, $19.95. Most of
this basic primer for Level I is directly
useable in Level II. There is a rumor
that this book is not for Level II. This
is not necessarily true. Just remember
that some of the examples in the book
are particular to Level I.
The Complete Rainbow Guide to
OS-9 Level II: A Beginner's Guide to
Windows, Volume 1 by Dale Puckett
and Peter Dibble, $19.95, offers more
OS-9 in easy doses, neat Level II graph-
ics using operating system commands
only and a good discussion of Level II
graphics using BASIC09 — available
from Radio Shack (Cat. No. 26-3188)
or from the rainbow.
Basic OS-9 Tour Guide, by Dale
Puckett, $14.95, (Cat. No. 26-3189)
discusses Level I and II, but not win-
dows. Puckett takes you through
BASIC09 at his typical, comfortable rate
and provides plenty of easy keyboard
exercises along the way.
Software and Hardware
Ar and Pak are public domain util-
ities available for download from many
BBS's and from the Delphi OS-9 SIG
Database under Utilities. RiBBS is in
the Delphi OS-9 SIG Database under
the Telcommunication topic.
The CoCo XT hard drive system was
developed by Chris Burke of Burke &
Burke. Other RAINBOW advertisers sell-
ing the Burke & Burke interface, sepa-
rately and in systems, include Frank
Hogg Labs and Howard Medical. ^
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RAINBOWTECH
Assembly Language for
the Complete Novice
By William Barden, Jr.
Rainbow Contributing Editor
Assembly language has a special mystique. No matter
how many "high-level" languages come out, people
keep coming back to assembly language as the
ultimate programming language for the CoCo and all other
computers. There are three good reasons for this:
• Assembly language is fast.
• Assembly language is really fast.
• Assembly language is really darn fast.
Assembly language is sometimes hundreds of times faster
than interpretive BASIC. Usually, it's at least dozens of times
faster than interpretive basic and ten times as fast as
compiled BASIC09.
Can you learn assembly language? Maybe, but maybe not.
If you're fairly proficient in at least one other language, such
as BASIC, you'll probably be able to learn assembly language.
If you're a "hardware type," you'll probably be able to learn
it as well. It doesn't require math beyond arithmetic, and it
doesn't require a great deal of abstract thinking. It does
require a hacker's love of computers. (Being a masochist also
helps.)
In this column and the next, I'll start you from the ground
up to give you an idea of what's involved in assembly
language. Then you can decide whether assembly language
is for you.
The Advantages of Assembly Language
Besides speed, there are several advantages to learning
assembly language:
Bill Barden has written 27 books and over 100 magazine
articles on various computer topics. His 20 years' experience
in the industry covers a wide background: programming,
systems analysis and managing projects for computers
ranging from mainframes to micros.
1 50 THE RAINBOW September 1 988
• Short AL subroutines can be used to speed up your
critical BASIC code.
• Learning one AL makes it easy to learn assembly
languages for different microprocessors or systems.
• AL knowledge is a marketable programming commodity.
The Disadvantages of Assembly Language
There are some severe disadvantages to assembly language
as well:
• Learning assembly language is a major undertaking.
• Programming in assembly language takes much longer
than programming in BASIC or another language — as
much as ten times longer.
If you're still with me in spite of the disadvantages, let's
start from the ground up.
How to Talk to a Machine
The CoCo 1, 2 and 3 use versions of the Motorola 6809
microprocessor. This microprocessor is similar in power to
the Intel 8088 used in MS-DOS systems, but it has a much
cleaner instruction set. The 6809 instruction set is known as
a "classic" programmer's instruction set,
A microprocessor is just a conveniently packaged part that
includes a great deal of electronic circuitry in a single package
— circuitry that previously required tens of thousands of
transistors, resistors, capacitors and other parts to imple-
ment.
Instruction Set
One of the things hard wired into the microprocessor is
an instruction set. What instructions should be implemented
in a microprocessor? Since even the simplest instruction takes
a great deal of electronic logic, microprocessor instruction
sets are limited to simple instructions. Certainly there should
be instructions to add two numbers, to subtract two numbers,
and possibly even multiply two numbers. There should also
be instructions to jump to another sequence of instructions
(similar to a BASIC GOTO or GOSUB), to compare two numbers
(similar to a BASIC IF. . .THEN. . .GOTO. . .), to move
data between memory and the microprocessor and to
perform Input/ Output.
The built-in instruction set is determined by many things
— the instructions used in the company's previous micro-
processors, the complexity of the instructions, the instruc-
tions used in competing microprocessors, and the whim of
the microprocessor designer.
Machine Language
The total instruction set of the microprocessor is called the
machine language of the microprocessor. A program consists
of a sequence of machine language instructions. Before
assemblers were available, programmers (they were called
computer engineers then) had to sit down with the instruction
set of the microprocessor and hand code a long list of machine
language instructions to perform some function. Suppose we
wanted to find the largest number of a list of ten signed
(positive or negative) numbers. The ten numbers are located
in memory at locations $4000 through $4009, where the dollar
sign stands for hexadecimal (in decimal these locations are
16384 through 16393).
Working from the entire list of machine language instruc-
tions, we might come up with this program:
1. Load accumulator with 0.
2. Set memory pointer to $4000.
3. Compare the number in the accumulator with the
current memory location.
4. If the number in memory is larger, put that number in
the accumulator.
5. Increment the memory pointer by one (from $4000 to
$4001, etc.).
6. If the pointer is not $400fi, loop back to Step 3.
This sequence of instructions is typical of the level of
programming used by machine and assembly language. All
assembly language works with such rudimentary operations
and builds from these low-level operations to more complex
programs.
The actual machine-language instructions to perform this
operation are shown here:
1. LDfl »0
2. LDX tt$4000
3. CMPfl ,X
4. BGT (Step 5)
LDfi ,X
5. LEfiX +1,X
6. CMPX tt$400A
7. BLT (Step 3)
10000110 00000000
10001110 01000000 00000000
10100001 10000100
00101110 00000010
10100110 10000100
00110000 00000001
10001100 01000000 00001010
00101101 11110011
We've numbered our steps in the same way our original
series was numbered.
Some of these steps may seem mysterious to you. You may
not know what an accumulator is or what the +1,X repre-
sents. However, you can see the flow of steps necessary to
perform the operations.
Binary and Hexadecimal
In coding-up the machine language instructions, we
converted from the abbreviated form, such as CMPfl to binary
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saved as compact executable machine language modules. The FORTH09 system runs on any level I or level II OS-9 (6809) ma-
chine with at least 32k of available memory and one disk drive. Saved Forth09 application code is romable, reentrant and fully
position independent, requiring as little as 3k for a small program. Where maximum speed is required the user can force small
code words to be automatically compiled as in line code rather than subroutines. Supplied with complete printed documenta-
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L1 UTILITY PAK - Contains 40 useful utilities that run under both level I and II OS-9. Included are a complete set of "wild card" file handling
utilities, a disassembler, a disk sector editor, and the MacGen command language compiler. MacGen will allow you to generate many useful com-
mand macros in minutes, much more useful than procedure files. Macro source is included for a macro to implement an archival backup type
function. $49.95
L2 UTILITY PAK - Contains a Level II "printerr" function that also shows the pathname being searched for when "not found" or per-
mission type errors occur. Also contains level II software ram disk driver. Ten other utilities included, some useful for level I also . $39.95
L1+L2 COMBINATION PAK both of above together for $75.00
SDISK - Standard disk driver module replacement allows full use of 40 or 80 track double sided drives with OS-9 Level I. Full compatibility with
CoCo 35 track format and access all other OS-9 non-CoCo formats. Easy installation. $29.95
SDISK+BOOTFIX - As above plus boot directly from a double sided diskette. $35.95
SDISK3 - Level II version of SDISK driver. Same features as level I (except bootfix not required to boot from double sided). $29.95
PC-XFER UTILITIES - Programs to format and transfer files to/from MS-DOS tm diskettes on CoCo under OS-9. (Requires either SDISK or
SDISK3 to run depending on which level of OS-9 you are using) $45.00
MSF - MS-DOS disk format file manager. More complete file transfer capabiltites for level II only. (Requires SDISK3 to operate). $45.00
CCRD 51 2K byte RAM DISK CARTRIDGE - Operates faster than similar device sold by others. Requires RS Multipak interface, two units
may be used together for 1 MB. OS-9 Level I & II drivers and test software included. $CALL
All diskettes are in CoCo OS-9 format unless otherwise requested; other OS-9 formats can be supplied for $2.00 additional charge. All orders must be prepaid or
COO, VISA/MC accepted, add $1 .75 S&H for first software item, + .25 for each additional item, $5.00 for CCRD, additional charge for COD.
D. P. Johnson, 7655 S.W. Cedarcrest St., Portland, OR 97223 (503) 244-8152 (For best service can between 9-11 am
Pacific Time, Mon.-Fri.)
OS-9 is a trademark of Microware and Motorola Inc., MS-DOS is a trademark of Microsoft, Inc.
September 1988 THE RAINBOW 1 51
numbers, (10100001). In machine language coding, the
instruction set of the microprocessor is listed as a series of
mnemonics — abbreviations of the instructions. It's much
easier to type in LDfl, for example, then Load the R
accumulator. These mnemonics are established by the
microprocessor's manufacturer (in this case Motorola) and
used in both machine language and assembly language
programming.
The numbers to the right of the mnemonics are the actual
machine language of the program. A microprocessor, like all
computer circuitry, works only with binary numbers — an
electrical circuit can only be off or on, a signal can be present
or not present, and so forth. The machine language instruc-
tions are encoded as binary digits — bits — of 0 or 1. The
10000110 code above, for example, stands for the LDfl
instruction. Whenever the 6809 encounters that code, it
knows that the instruction will load the accumulator with the
value immediately following in the next byte (eight bits). In
this case the next byte is 00000000, a zero value. Since bytes
are commonly used in memory and other computer circuitry,
the 6809 instructions are geared to byte multiples —
instructions are one, two, three, four, or five bytes.
Therefore, the entire program for finding the largest
number exists in computer memory as 144 bits (18 bytes).
This is an actual hand-coding of the program and you could
enter this code in CoCo memory to find the largest number
of the ten in memory locations $4000 through $4009.
Hexadecimal notation is a shorthand version of binary. To
convert a binary number into a hex digit, use this table:
Binary
Hex
Binary
Hex
Binary
Hex
0000
0
0110
6
1100
C
0001
1
0111
7
1101
D
0010
2
1000
8
1110
E
0011
3
1001
9
1111
F
0100
4
1010
10
0101
5
1011
11
The hexadecimal representation of the machine language
above is:
1. LDR »0
2. LDX tt$4000
3. CMPfl ,X
4. BGT (Step 5)
LDR ,X
5. LEflX +1,X
6. CMPX tt$400R
7. BLT (Step 3)
10000110 00000000
10001110 01000000 00000000
10100001 10000100
00101110 00000010
10100110 10000100
00110000 00000001
10001100 01000000 00001010
00101101 11110011
B6 00
BE 40 00
Rl 84
2E 02
R6 84
30 01
8C 40 0R
2D F3
Hex is represented in BASIC by the prefix &H. The number
&H30 is hexadecimal 30, binary 001 10000, and decimal 48.
CoCo BASIC has no way to represent binary numbers, so hex
is often used in place of binary. In machine or assembly
language coding, hex numbers are prefixed by a dollar sign
($). The number $2E is hexadecimal 2E, binary 00 1 0 1 1 10, and
decimal 46. Because decimal numbers are often used without
any prefix, one of the more common errors in assembly
language coding is to mistake decimal numbers and hexadec-
imal numbers for each other.
6809 Architecture
The 6809 microprocessor design is called its architecture.
The word architecture is a fancy way of telling you what's
inside the chip.
Registers
Every microprocessor has from two to dozens of registers.
The 6809 registers are shown in Figure 1 . A microprocessor
register is very similar to a memory location. In fact, it's a
fast memory location within the microprocessor. Registers
are used to hold temporary results. The microprocessor
register is usually denoted by a letter, such as A (accumulator)
or X (index register). In ML instructions, a register is denoted
by a binary code such as 00, 01, 10 or 1 1.
i6Brrs
8 BITS
r
D
B
Accumulators
Index Registers
Stack Pointers
U
PC
1 Program Counter
DP
] Direct Page
H |l jN Z |V T5] Condition Codes
Figure 1: 6801 Registers
The A and B registers are called accumulator registers. This
term dates back to the origins of computers in the '40s. The
A and B accumulators are used for addition, subtraction and
other instructions. The A and B registers are eight-bit
registers. Taken together they make up one double-sized
register called the D accumulator.
Typically, one operand for an instruction is held in A, B,
or D and the second operand is taken from memory. The
result goes back into A, B, or D. In the compare instruction
(CMPfl), the number in A was compared with a number
somewhere in memory.
The X and Y registers are 16-bit registers, twice the size
of the A and B accumulators. They are index registers. Index
registers are used to address memory. Although an absolute
memory location can be used in an instruction (such as LDA
$4000 to load the contents of memory location $4000 into
accumulator A), memory can also be addressed with an index
register. In the code above, the X index register was loaded
with a value of $4000. This value points to a memory location.
The CMPfl , X instruction used the contents of X as a pointer
152 THE RAINBOW September 1988
to access memory. The X register contents had one added to
it at the end of the loop to point to the next location. Since
many operations in assembly language involve accessing
(reading and writing) data in sequential locations, index
registers are often used. Imagine trying to scan a list of values
from $4000 through $4300 by using direct addresses (CMPft
$4000, CMPA $4001, CMPA $4002, etc.).
The U and S registers are stack pointer registers. These
registers refer to an area in memory called a stack. The stack
area is a small area (a few hundred bytes) located anywhere
you choose to put it — preferably somewhere it won't be
overwritten by other data.
The stack records return addresses for subroutine calls,
temporary data, and addresses for interrupt processing. The
6809 instruction set makes provision for subroutines.
Subroutines are code sequences that can be called from many
points within a program, rather than replicating the code in
many places. Subroutines are like BASIC G05UB subroutines.
Like the GOSUB subroutines, the return point is saved. In the
6809, the return point is saved in the S stack. An RT5
instruction retrieves the return address from the stack and
performs an action similar to the BASIC RETURN.
The S stack is used automatically for subroutine and
interrupt actions — the logic is hard-wired into the micro-
processor design. The U stack is a user stack. It is a second
stack that can be used for any storage that is convenient for
the user.
The PC register is a program counter. The program counter
is a memory pointer that points to the next instruction to be
executed. Machine language instructions are stored in
memory, read a byte at a time, and processed by the 6809.
The program counter points to the next byte of the current
instruction. It's automatically incremented by the micro-
processor logic, based upon the length of the instruction. It
is changed by jump or branch instructions, which cause a
conditional (based upon results) or unconditional (always
done) jump to a new sequence of instructions. The jump or
branch may be one instruction away or thousands of
instructions away, just as BASIC GOTOs jump to program lines
that are close or far away. The program counter is normally
not used by the programmer.
The DP, direct page, register is used in a special form of
addressing, which addresses data in a 256-byte page. Any 256-
byte page in memory can be specified.
Condition codes are treated as an eight-bit register.
However, they are really separate bits. The condition codes
are set or reset upon the results of operations. When adding
two numbers, for example, the Z condition code is set if the
result is 0, and the N condition code is set if the result is
negative. The condition codes are used in conditional
branching instructions such as BNE (Branch on Not Equal).
Memory
The 6809 microprocessor uses a 64K- (65,536) byte address
space. This means that the 6809 can address locations within
this 64K-byte range. It requires a 16-bit address to do so. The
lowest address in this range is 0000000000000000 in binary
($0000 or 0 decimal). The highest address in this range is
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 in binary ($FFFF or 65,535 decimal). The
basic 64K limitation of the microprocessor can be extended
by memory banking or by special hardware. This is the
scheme used in the CoCo 3, which allows up to 5I2K bytes
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September 1988 THE RAINBOW 1 53
of memory, controlled by the GIME chip. Even though
different 64K blocks of memory can be rapidly mapped in
and out in the CoCo 3, the 6809 can only address 64K at any
given time.
Certain addresses in high memory must be reserved by the
microprocessor for interrupt vectors (addresses of interrupt
processing subroutines). In general, however, the division of
the 64K of memory is up to the computer designer and not
to the microprocessor manufacturer. In the CoCos, the first
32K is generally RAM (random-access or read/write
memory), while the high 32K is ROM (read only or cartridge
memory) and hardware addresses (disk controller, PIAs,
etc.).
Opcodes and Memory Addressing
Some instructions in the 6809 require no memory operand.
The CLRR instruction, for example, simply puts a zero into
the A accumulator. These are generally one-byte instructions.
In the CLRR instruction, the machine language code is
01001111 ($4F).
Other 6809 instructions, though, do require the address of
an operand in memory. For example RDDR adds the contents
of the A accumulator and a memory operand and puts the
result back into A. The first byte of this instruction is
10111011 ($BB), which is an opcode, or operation code,
informing the microprocessor of the instruction. However,
a memory address is also required. Two bytes of memory
address would allow us to add the contents of any memory
location within the 64K bytes. Thus, to add the contents of
memory location $4000, the complete instruction would be
10111011 01000000 00000000; the first byte is the operation
code, while the second and third bytes is the memory address
($4000) of the memory operand.
All of the 6809 instructions could have the opcode in the
first byte, and the memory address in the second and third
bytes. However, when the 6809 was designed, memory was
expensive, and memory space was limited. Therefore, the
6809 instruction set uses a variety of addressing modes to save
memory by making the instructions shorter. Here are the
types available:
• Inherent
• Direct
• Extended
• Immediate
• Indexed
• Relative
In the inherent addressing mode, the instruction needs no
memory address. The R5LR instruction (01001000) shifts the
A register left one bit and requires no memory address.
Direct addressing mode forms the memory address by
taking the contents of the Direct Page register and adding
the second byte. The result is an effective memory address.
RDDR $09 adds the contents of $4009, providing that the DP
register contained $40. The instruction is 1001 1011 00001001.
The first byte is an opcode and the second byte is half of the
address.
Extended is the "normal" addressing type where the second
and third bytes of the instruction represent the memory
address to be used. RDD $4009 adds the contents of memory
location $4009 to the A register. The instruction is 10111011
01000000 00001001, where the first byte is an opcode and the
second and third bytes are the memory address.
Immediate addressing mode tells the microprocessor that
the data in the second byte of the instruction (or second and
third bytes, for certain instructions) is to be used as the
operand. Thus, RDDR tt$45 adds $45 (decimal 69) to the
contents of the A register. The instruction, 10001001
01000101, has an opcode in the first byte and an operand in
the second. An RDDD tt$1000 would have three bytes since
the operand would be two bytes long for the D register —
10001011 00010000 00000000.
In the indexed addressing mode, the effective memory
address is computed by adding the contents of a register,
usually X or Y, to the value of a displacement field in the
instruction. The instruction RDDR 100, X for example, would
find the effective memory address by adding the contents of
the X register to 100 decimal. This address would then be
used to get the memory operand. The instruction here would
be 10101011 10001000 01100100. The first byte is an opcode
as before. The second byte is code to specify the index register
to be used and the length of the displacement field. The third
byte is the value of the displacement field ($64 = 100 decimal).
This is the hardest type of addressing mode to decode, so it
may seem a little abstract. We're not giving you all the details
here, either.
"If you're fairly proficient in at
least one other language, such as
BASIC, you'll probably be able
to learn assembly language. 99
There are many different indexed addressing modes, some
of which are mutually exclusive. These include an indexed
addressing mode in which the index register is automatically
incremented or decremented by one, one in which the U stack
pointer is used, one in which the program counter is used as
a memory pointer, etc.
Branch Instructions
Relative addressing mode is used for branch instructions.
Branches allow you to test the condition codes after an
operation like load (move an operand from memory into a
register) or add. Short branches have an opcode in the first
byte and a displacement field (positive or negative) in the
second byte. The effective address for the branch is computed
by adding the contents of the program counter, which points
to the instruction following the branch, to the value of the
displacement field.
Let's return back to our original example. The BGT
instruction there tested the condition codes after a compare
(CMPR). If the condition codes represented a greater than
condition, a branch was made to the instruction after the LDR
, X instruction. The instruction code was 00101 1 10 00000010.
The first byte is an opcode. The second byte is a displacement
value of 2. If the condition codes represent greater than, this
displacement field is added to the contents of the program
counter. This results in a branch to the LERX 1 , X instruction,
two bytes further away.
The rationale behind relative addressing is that a branch
instruction uses a two-byte- instead of a three-byte-
instruction for a full 64K memory address. The branch
address can only be 126 bytes back or 129 bytes forward from
1 54 THE RAINBOW September 1 988
the short branch instruction, but this is usually enough to get
to a new set of instructions. (A Western-sounding long branch
allows a branch anywhere within the 64K address space.)
When to Use Which Addressing Mode
Unfortunately, not every addressing mode can be used with
every instruction. You can't use a relative addressing mode
with an ADDA, for example, and you can't use an indexed
addressing mode with a BNE instruction. Knowing which
addressing mode is valid comes with using the instruction set
with reference to a table of opcodes and addressing modes.
This is one of the joys of using assembly language.
The 6809 Instruction Set
There are about 60 different instructions for the 6809. As
we mentioned earlier, most of these perform very basic
operations compared to high-level languages. We'll describe
the instructions here by function.
Load Instructions
These instructions load a register with either a memory
operand or an immediate value. This is typically the way to
get memory data into a microprocessor register where it can
be used to add, subtract, compare, shift, etc. The LDA, LDB,
LDD, LD5, LDU, LDX and LDY instruction mnemonics load the
A, B, D, S, U, X or Y registers. The first two instructions
transfer one byte from a memory location or immediate
value. The other instructions transfer two bytes from two
consecutive memory locations or from immediate value. The
sign (N) and zero (Z) condition codes are determined by the
result of the load.
CLRA, CLRB and CLR clear either the A or B registers or
a memory location — a zero is loaded.
Store Instructions
These are the opposite of the loads. They store a value from
a microprocessor register to memory. The STA, STB, 5TD, 5TS,
STU, STX and STY instructions store the contents of the A,
B, D, S, U, X or Y registers to a specified memory location.
The first two instructions transfer one byte to a memory
location. The other instructions transfer two bytes to two
consecutive memory locations. The sign (N) and zero (Z)
condition codes are determined by the result of the store.
Add Instructions
These instructions add a memory operand or immediate
value to the contents of a register, while the result goes back
to the register. The condition codes are set on the result. ADDA,
ADDB and ADDD add an operand to the A, B or D registers,
respectively. The ADDD instruction adds two bytes from two
consecutive memory locations; the others add one byte.
The ADCA and ADCB instructions are like the ADDA and ADDB
except that the state of the carry condition code (C) is
included. The carry condition code can be either a zero or
a one, so the result is either the same as an ADDA or ADDB
or one greater. These instructions are used in multiple-
precision arithmetic where more than one or two bytes
constitutes a value.
The condition codes are determined by the results of the
add operation.
The INCA, INCB and INC instructions add one to A, B or
a memory location contents.
The ABX instruction is a unique instruction, which adds the
contents of the B register and the X register with the result
going into X.
The
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Subtract Instructions
The SUBA, SUBB, SUBD, SBCfl and 5BCB work much like the
add instructions, except that the memory or immediate
operand is subtracted from the register with the result going
back to the register. The SBCfi and SBCB subtract the current
state of the carry condition code. As in the add, the condition
codes are determined by the result.
The DECfl, DECB or DEC subtract one from the contents of
A, B or a memory location.
Compare Instructions
The Compare instructions, CMPA, CMPB, CMPD, CMPS, CMPU,
CMPX and CMPY, work like the subtract instruction, setting the
condition codes on the results. However, the result is not
stored in the register. The compares are a way of setting the
condition codes for a conditional branch without destroying
the contents of a register.
TSTR, T5TB and T5T test the sign and zero state of the
contents of A, B or a memory location, setting the N and
Z condition codes accordingly.
Logical Instructions
The ANDA, ANDB, 0RA, ORB, EORfi and E0RB instructions
work like add instructions, except that a logical AND, OR or
exclusive OR are performed. The result is put back into the
register and the N and Z condition codes are affected. The
result is identical to a BASIC FIND or OR (the exclusive OR is
like an OR, except that a one and a one produce a zero instead
of a one as in the OR).
ANDs are used to test certain bits within a byte. ORs are used
to set certain bits within a byte. EORs are used less frequently
for other bit operations.
Shift Instructions
ASRA, ASRB, ASR, L5RR, LSLA, LSR, LSRB, LSLB, L5L, R0LA,
R0LB, R0L, R0RA, R0RB and R0R perform an arithmetic shift
right, a logical shift right or left, or a rotate left on either
the contents of A, B or a memory location.
A logical shift moves an operand one bit left or right. If
the operand is 10101111, an LSR would produce 01010111.
A rotate moves the bit shifted-out the to the other end of
the register. Doing an R0R of 11110001 would result in
1111 1000 (-64) results in 1 1 100000 (-32).
Shifts are used to align and test individual bits of a register.
The carry condition code receives the shifted-out bit. A
branch on carry can test the bit.
Conditional Branch Instructions
Conditional branch instructions are relative addressing
instructions that test one or more condition codes set on a
prior operation (add, subtract or shift). If the condition is
met, the branch is made. If not, the instruction does nothing
and the next instruction in sequence is executed.
BCC and BC5 test the carry condition code and branch if
the carry is clear(O) or set(l).
BEQ and BNE test the zero condition code and branch if the
zero condition code is set (equal) or reset (not equal).
BPL and BMI test the sign condition code and branch if the
previous result was plus (0) or minus (1).
BVC and BV5 test the parity bit and branch if parity is
clear(O) or set(l). The parity condition code reflects the
number of one-bits in an operand and is used infrequently.
BLT, BLE, BGE and BGT branch if the previous result was
less than, less than or equal, greater than or equal, or greater
than. These conditional branches are typically used after a
156 THE RAINBOW September 1988
•
compare instruction, which. compares two signed operands.
BLO, BLS, BH5 and BHI branch if the previous result was
lower, lower or the same, higher or the same, or higher. These
conditional branches are typically used after a compare of
unsigned operands, such as two memory addresses.
BRR and BRN branch Always and Never. The first is an
unconditional branch, and the second is a "no operation"
instruction.
Jump Instructions
The JMP instruction causes a jump to a specified memory
location. The J5R instruction causes a jump to a subroutine.
The return address is stored in the S stack. The RT5
instruction retrieves the return address from that stack and
causes a return to the instruction following the J5R.
Stack Instructions
PSHS, PSHU, PUL5 and PULU push or pull data from the
S or U stack. These instructions are used in storing temporary
results in the stack, to allow the stack to pass parameters to
subroutines or to reset the stack.
Miscellaneous Instructions
COMA, COMB and COM change all ones to zeroes and all zeroes
to ones for the contents of A, B or memory location. This
is a ones complement operation.
The NEGR, NEGB and NEG are like a ones complement, but
add one to the result making them twos complements. This
changes the sign of signed data. A -5 is changed to a +5.
The DAA instruction allows the 6809 to perform decimal
arithmetic add and subtract instructions. The result is
adjusted from binary to a binary-coded-decimal form.
The SEX instruction (some engineer at Motorola has guts)
sign extends the sign of the B register into the A register. This
is used to create a proper 16-bit signed number in D.
MUL is a multiply instruction that multiplies A times B and
puts the result into D (A and B). A powerful instruction, as
microprocessors go.
5WI causes a software interrupt, an instruction used in
multitasking programming. SYNC is another interrupt-related
instruction not used in the CoCo. RTI is like an RT5, but
causes a return from interrupt processing. CWAI is used in
some systems as a wait for an interrupt.
NOP is a no operation instruction that does nothing but
waste time and fill up space (yes, NOPs are used for those
purposes).
Using the Instruction Set
Now that we know what's inside the 6809, we can put the
instructions and addressing modes together to create some
useful programs. Next month I'll describe how to do this by
hand with machine language and BASIC, and automatically
with an assembler. In the meantime, you might try to locate
a book called Color Computer Assembly Language Pro-
gramming by William Barden, Jr. (no relation). Although it's
been discontinued by the Shack, it still may be found at some
stores. It covers beginning assembly language on the CoCo.
Also useful is the Motorola 6809 Programming Manual.
Check with Motorola Semiconductor Products, Inc., 3501 Ed
Bluestein Blvd., Austin, TX 78721. This book is the definitive
source document for 6809 instructions and contains instruc-
tion definitions and some programming tricks.
Alas, Radio Shack has discontinued the EDTASM+ disk
assembler in favor of the OS-9 assembly language develop-
ment system. Although the OS-9 assembler works, ED-
TASM+ is perfect for beginners. It operates in an environ-
ment that combines an editor, assembler and debugger in one
powerful package. If you can locate this in any version, it's
worth the trouble. See RAINBOW, September '83 (Page 66),
March '84 (Page 156), and August '87 (Page 154) for
information on Roger Schrag's Superpatch, a patch to
transfer and convert the EDTASM ROM pack to disk.
Please do not write to me. I can't legally supply the assembly
language or any version of EDTASM+, and I don't have the
Superpatch data. Sorry.
If you're still with me, next month we'll conclude this
assembly language discussion with some interesting program
examples.
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September 1 988 THE RAJNBOW 1 57
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Santa Rosa
5tack1on
^unnv'v' | j , -=-
lorrancB
lyori bnte/pTsss
Strtuore Pftis
^jdvame Radio. Inc
Le^ty tfcstrrculors
Oh/I JfeO, Inc.
Ri iHn A. Mi^j Bookseller
Cpovj OS Backs (^uircHlohs)
Bookie* kJ
£ooker-d& Bookstore
Detauei's I4ev-T Agencv
5a*twcpe Hue
-eibeifs Reacteran^.
lower Mag a^ne
Hcaksmirh
^cakv^ks
CqlIiti Kioik
Midnlghl Special bcoksia'o
0-\n\pv\f? literacy aadkehopa
Sawyer's NflwJ, Inc,
Hordlnn W^v Ntewrt.
Pcpeibacks hniimilex*
Computer Ukurjcy
B Gamino CoUrjotf tooiciltre
COLOWDQ
AJJrtKd
Cotoodo
GlonwOotJ
5r>!f>ui
Gnnrrt
JUhcHtJrt
Lonrjmnnr
WtAWABE
Mlt^iHi?**^
fclSffilCT OF OOlUMBIA
WtaErtnalon.
DC
^iQ^naWay'i
frJewi Gatery
ri* Book \tcln
fltadfivj'ti acok ft Magazine
Cily Ne^sl-and
D^rr>cc Co.
Normal, ft- ins Smoke Shop
FLORIDA
fcoiftllon
Drama
n LdudeidJle
GalnsE^ilie
JooscscnviliB
^trtrti hAarrii
teach
TO C'ily
^r:,ji:i- a
PlneltK kir*
Raiadana
StpVe
Sunrae
TaltihaEEee
U^IIei
CniorytJV^
WoilrJ Now. Int
^1 Avfd Readar
rAieOperi Door
iianla New & Books
Software Rls Mon©
Bob's r^ewE. S. Boch-Skws
ClartE-Cul 01 Town N^w^
MIcb's EfeclTDnlcsDEtFttKflcr
Papef Oras©
BockCa
Afcrvar Baokstcae
Bayd-Eced Ccrp
•Srtdu t&j CO
Woff's rie^Eslanri
Pollnp P^ce Baakslora
I'eccfd Jundion Hit.
Radio Shacii Dualm
5unnv'5 nl oun-zjl
CnrTq&Uliac-
^ar>ngr^ad
;ljinivicind
WhaeJir^
mom*
Berne
Blaomlngrion
CaRJmPUB
Qa^loidsvlle
L3vw
hanfclin
PI Woy™
Goin?i|l
indhxiCipallt
"uetjanon
Manns/r'iie
Richmond
^WdbaEfi
IOWA
Dcri^npor
Des Moinej
rojiiield
KANSAS
llurchinEon
TrrfrfffeO!
WlChlia
KENTUCKY
HerKltii^M
uouls^iliii
KvHdrtr.lnH,wTi
Paducah
LOUI3UMA
Balcn RdUp^
Lsokpcn"
r^e-w Orleans
Monroe
MAIN I
Bonoar
Broc^loh
CcriLxju
Cfrltiirj
SartJnrd
MABVLAMD
CollijyFj Pc*.
MASSACHUEJEfR
Basron
Brocklon
Cambridat
L'flEF'cn
Tihtiiidar^ Wage
Wifa^lcte SJioppna Ceniei
Illinois- Newi SfKMce
Bonk EmWr^m
Scinanl-ntf h Cis-ika Nullh
'aw S CaunlTy^hi'Tf3plnBC1r
boot: Emporium
'"'□per T'dce
North 5ho*B DiETlnbulcHB
PAD ElBcNonlCE
ViTMIt Cottage ElBc^rcrJcE
ROak Carter
Qgh^juiei ^^erm. Inc.
Wii: 5 |Vk1f:!.
Galfefv Book ?ihop
Mcnlana NbwS ferric*
linn iMe^E- Aaenay: Inc;
rjocklana he-
Benders Bookshop
f.v.-rT Cii t\is+i
Soufasluft News
GdlksrV Pc<*r SJ^&p
Vbvle& -Ntf^s A^iWjr, lite
MIHihg'LBodrOhta
Inreipiole Eod< 5acrO
■'Hackery's BoOk^ Int
r&cnr-etE. Books ft GlPh
Crnsauad^ Inc.
rumar Neufr, inc:
Town Cilar of Topeko, Inn.
Cand/^T^acko ShcK^ Hn in**
LJovd's Roaic
CanlBl HconeGijlf Ntai
Mafl'iftewE.aG&ts
If.-bcy Shop
iluvUev-Coa^e BcckEeMBrs ^(^flffirft)
JlT^aie Oft
Radio ?*vnck
C^V iNaws: Stand
TV fXiskWoado Shack
SlcSftev^ New* Bland U p»own
"1 ■ • iki^t Rac<
f^aaazlnet. ina
VKvage Bookstore
Radoohack
Bafiks-N-Thlngi
Ract'o Shade
LyiterEJty Bookstore
6asiem HRWt*qnd
Vovagar Roo^rom
Cul CH Twi 1 M&wj
CKWKin Nfiwfl
'j^npuN F'liU
L.Vnn
^waniea
MICHIGAN
AllpiiLPank
rjJrrvi^gham
PiIIGul?
E- Oarfrwl
hgniiKn
Hoitend
Kalcmmoy
Lowell
^L^jegon
!i ■
F^IV
RinLTzew
RWb
MINNESOTA
Fkirfriviiie
Crvsial
Ecllmi
Mlnnono4:Ji:-
^Innelonk^j
Rose villa
St. Haul
Wim-.cf
MISSOURI
Fuiininglon
R»l T?tvbi
fldri55onl
jetferwji'i nry
ftr^illP
Sf.Lrxili
Ei.Rcpoll
MONTANA
Buhe
NMKA5KA
Lincoln
Oroha
MEVflDA
Carson Dry
I ;js VeoaE
NEWMAHPSHlKE
NSwjiio
Mtfnd-assrei
■AMnd l^banopi
NEW JHSIY
Cedar ftnotfe
Clinton
Pemsyille
I Joe ka way
NEW MEXICO
Alarnofjo j do
AUxiqoerauo
Sdnia fe
N&WVORX
Amharsl
Brock poH
ftooVlyri
Eln-rta weight
firadofila
|4udfion P-allE-
hftjntingkin
rHawVc^ik
■^s'jllhrj
Jtannflil&r
WjodhcMn
iWh STOie Ne^ Oa
P-^A-d-ibreak. Inc.
ptio'ft l^s&dHi Ire
Burks Book Snop
Robc«f^ QJecttonlcE.
M^iil Bitok Center
HanisC^ nado Shook
Bectronii.'s t^p^£&.i'Radkj Shuifc
Fra Nawi^ CL^ponv
IhE Boci-- Rtih
<.a-rteJl EiantTorrKs
Th*i pign> Sir Conner
MTJii^a Ne*s- £et%i!ce
Poiry Compurer&
Rivervir : ^jw Book Sfore
Nevj Hr^ctfuBook Stop
ShO^rv'i Bum^lla
ShrnctH'& qryilal Goleiv
3hlndej-'& islsUreiana
Shlnaers {2 teffolffifiaj
Shlnder's RickjaSc^ iceis
Gl'iinder's RasevHb
Shlnders Annofc
^hinders rV'apiprtood
Shlncters; Sr. r^aws
The PJttiro .^tDp
Ray's tV l h. rcaao Shack
•■"itsy's TV ^ rjodia- Sf-ac-K
Book Bro^is i^lmi^d
CcMey Di^rrtfuHng-
■SJ^ ElBciro^ic=
Boak Emporium
BallEys TV i Ro*^
rioza boofe
"Ns&aika BookslD-r
Nfjlfjiri Newt
BaaktMtai
Hurloy Eloelronici
5flB\.e-'s Fkxika S Magazlnas
Radio !jhcirk Associate Slorer
Bookyjaiphts.
'viemamNnwt'l^iFj
Allnnho Oly Nowfl Agency
^lllacja Ccrrpu^i A Sotiy-ciie
rv*c^ Word i'
DOvB S ElBOl. Pc+rin ^t /juk
ScttvAHE Sroiicn
r-4ew i lonsons Compuior F.rtlwn i .
Page Orra Newsstand
Drtwniown SytKcrkstior - -
Vilacje Green-8uMdiO fewjn
li'I Bridge sSocfr Shop. Ir^r.
CrcjmfcrKd. 10c
?ot.plh«n Tkar H=ws Co . Inc.
On Unfc Cflfrpurer AcoeaQF'il^
6A Wdsl a Co.
Dscars Eoafcsroio
Unicorn E*ecboriir;r,
Barne&fti ^obJf? S^jlt^ Anne^
Oolbaum Book-i
LaE-lem NewsSlnrtd
v^and C&nrroii Stolior- irack 37
a£J0 Fort Aw, fPa^, Am ¥■})
as Water Sir«r
World ~rad9Ce#^lei*y
Flrit B«ap Now?
tile Hcuns Book^Offi
inteniaf omi Srr:tiaa Stop
11 SiYick*
SoftWOTB CiW
State f^tews
Waiden Soak&
Wo'id Wdo r'/ndiu S«(MlceE
Universal Comp^ih:! 1 Seizes
'viliageGrwi
VifbfidVW^Nftw.i
^pecJr >m Prp,LHilE
158
THE RAINBOW SSplemb&fT9E3
MGH-IH casolina
Can/
OiopelHil
Chan a\ht
lyirmon
Newi Ce?tfYlef in Ccny V*lae*
Unholy News S Jiunary
Newsstand Infl
CBf>:ii:s& Comics
K & ? F-kr^tancI
&50rrpg^fi!Tvttvn Comer
Wr^tcfi-Scf&n- K & " rs^Eiloiid f 3 Lacallofta)
Rainbow Mfcwr i fa 1 .
OHIO
do^dfl
Chcrdon
C-rcinnah
Ct-elan-j
ColumL.iCi'Yi
CoHimkuu
Dtibin
raliL>inri
Sftniay
Llnvj
Parma
Toledo
Wan en
\eniu
Yocrosltv^n
OKLAHOMA.
QkbhSiYiU
ary
IxjLsa
MEGQN.
Popiand
Satem
PENNSYLVANIA
AJiocna
Ct«ry
Klnn at Pnjistc
fvtaTwiam
Jem pie
We&t C?V?i3UiJ
Wind Gap
York
RHODE L3LANP
NflwpQrt
Churchill N£w$ S Tobacco
|j Ufa Rttf&MtK Boo* Cenrei
ttuatfust Rndb ft TV
Frfevtew*Jewrt
fla^lfy Sourd S-F-^lftHltaB
86 Software-
Mfcfo Ce^l^r
Me N^wsslond
Elouki. a
HuWf Kwghhs Book. & Co*j
Wight Newa ft: Soak*.
Book bam
Ne*ft- Readers
WlHe'a "ijni^^f^lv Shoppe
Cpen. ik>3k
Ihe Ntn^A 9^iop
Ickswccfcl Ihtmralonal Wevrt
6dU-Cal«ii:ir;
■A"ike- fowws
BQCkrnqfik MffiVECHn^lEf
Lino's fiook & Wre Shop
Back Nock. Inc.
FjnePnni beaks.
PIczd Book & Srnafcd ^hap
Mens Mtra Sattvtfjiy
Thomat Safes, me dbo Jfcidlo Srack
Steve's Book src/ei
Lemo Bocks Itab Mart
RtlhAwtifA.ss Nw*
Rich O'goi Sr-rHR. Inc.
Sirfh 0 W05hiria^ News
OJpilo! tJews Center
Checkmate Bcc*
Owl Services
Newtown £ntefpr'Ki5
&yn Ma^ Newi
Corry Sccte 1 C<nrfc
MclndaQ'$ ^ftl'cnefv * Rcrao L Jhoil:
Gkfccrf titxito
flerscmal Software
S«iiNi^ News & Card Genlw
Software Comer
Ouster County book Ga
Wcro World
Thg Compute* Cefiifn 1 cl Yom
TcJ'nate Baa&sSore
E*Bl8vijt News
SOyTH CAROLINA
dr*artfts1cn tors. SotTwEPe I Iojlh, |i>"
CferrBon H&wsi^rnri
Ra^'i #1
PotmeNo New^ Co-
SortwcrdCiv
Cfifttr^oci
ITixnhOT
■Sn>ijfnn||e
ItNWESSEE
B'en"fwood
i>taifancoga
Kno^llg
MemphLs
Nta+wifle
Sm>7ne
TEJfAi
Rgln
Hannvjiori
Elijinicwla
GuiJU 0oc+f5 & Peikocfscals.
Highkir:^ BeotroniCfi
Ar<ifi!!Kiri New; Co.
P4vi?-KkJd BaakEellei
Cwnpurer Ceritei
Z>d".'is Kidd Book»ii=#s
R.N' Mlfc Boaktic*e-
Dekei FlnclTOTHCL
£oc+
UTAH
VIKUNIA
C-TJiii^ln
Ncfl'dk
Rkhmorv:
WASHINGTON'
Port ^tgafe
S^arllle
■accur^
WEST VIRGINIA
Logan
Modlson
Pc»l!efEburg
Sourh
ChQllftSlQT*
W|SCQN5iH
Apptarcm
Cudohy
rVMsrr-!
MFTwXikee
Wagh<£!ha
ARGENTINA
AUSreAAIA
K^SPrrord
CANADA;
ALBEPTA
BrtrlH
Fk^TnyvillB
Brco^t
Calgarv
Gareahdn^
DraytcnVaiuy
Ec^nonran
faliv
Fan Criiek-
Ff SaE^arahe-
wan
Grande
QschH
Grande
Cen^i?
HlnFon-
InAftTgh
I pccirribe
L«duc
Ujmbfldge
Ifrjydmnstei
Peace.- Miver
3h i-tiul
Sieiilef
^irar hi nf)fC3
labfti
Wi-l^tl^Fwln
Vtillev Etook Conier
Kft SNewssland
■"kiryjekrs
! O Ccmpule**
TiKrl The Page-
VoTLin^B ' Bfra^cne
fw faoak a Nowib
Aocwh Nhm? Co. Inc.
FMctigNfrws
8 fl. I NVjijgElnesii Barf**
r-^vbb^ir "N Bv^es
Nttfs Neyr&
a wi'S Sechcnta a r^c*o Shack
Co-^-nLnicariaf* Ltd
V^le"/ News fierv-c x i
Spnnci Hi* l\kt*5
FJadpe* PerirxJlcals
Cudahv Nij^i fl. Hotsoy
U n nfl i?i ftoota tore
iLirwou Wilrifle 4^sade^
Hair "/oil«rv
InTCf mjHon TeceoarniT^sscailanes
E!l cm cshici Computed
FtnlLi^jrjo Elecirorsca
liarJI Raaio Shoe*
fVjiiI Tarclar
Double "EV A.S.C rZc?db Srack
HlrV^lsteWI
Radks Srack A^^iaied Stereo
Lcmaard BecTraniw
CVD Micro
Radto ShocS(. rj&s
D.N.H. Fuinjrureft TV
A5.C. Rac4o Shack
Ft rVNI rtaao ShacJf. ASC:
Tre Stereo Hul
The Boak Ho&t
JmCooiiar
L ft S SteihO
iifiart'ft qn&cf-onicE
Radlj fek Asaocbtftd 5mr^]
CteitCalrgn
Ll^ Radio Shccti:
O^loloRcKJIoShci^
Radio Bhcok AisodinKid Slwes
: ijvoner SohV-cr-M
Waited ectocjnk^
S^gHfer (^adloSrx^k
Wheahand Eleciranlcs
PvnetoceyJ Sight Si Sound
^teLllcck Skveo
f?adirj SlvKt-
BftlirSH COLUMBIA (cont'd)
9RIT<SM COLVMtMA
HuivHl nke
Canrnsbell
f^ei
iiwoci
Coimiiam
Corn:*, i
VT. Vdw Wnrha
TRSclechonM
ChaHe& Fti^ef
Cr^f [kic+isilb
Gcsortsnay
Oa^tffic^ota^k
Go!aen
kelcwuD
Langlev
r-^luj-,
IT|lfi4f6ir
Ftiihtuille
wetMidco
Sidney
Squomsn
Vmccuvs
tUO Milri
MANITOBA
Allenai
l.iifidar
NVxolen
Tho Pa&
Selkirk
When
NEWIPUNSWJCK
(Wcrcron
3uE3e>:
HF^FOqjNDLAND
Sorw'oad
Cooonear
NOVA SCOTIA
Haifa
ONIAUH3
AnguB
Amafa
Ccnccid
LVoeter
Hanavet
Hunls^lle-
Kencra
SdJh PUier
Tcrar.lo
QJUEbeC
LaSclle
Fen*. ft&JQrt
V^lle St. Gahnci
5A5KAICHRNAU
■^sslnlboJa
ttlevan
T^jiiir:
KJ&kaloon
l^lbrcoke
TiwICP'B
^hllenaree
Rick'LWuak: & Sh?ieo
FJ-=a ^idic ^
Tak5 ho.n>e FUmis.hings
Teteaaft rvloriwlha!
Laogle^Badto STraci-
Oft^s'? Books
COL^y feokg LTD
Fuikjvil© "H^
R iur Comer Gfctety
Sidney Eleclrortca
wairiHome KLtnirurfla
Korvk Bectionici
Artive. Compief^nrS
Frlendliy^^ Co^ppu-refE
Gran^ATe Etiak Co.
^lca^F^»tanfBdc*5 LID
llprcHnnrxllo&IV
LA-Wfrbrrld.
SorOr\50h£bc.
conlm J Sour.d
ki-i-5 3igi-i4kSaund
G.L BinrBac:
Ahc?w Enraccseii
J fl. .1 Elecirorrts L|d.
.Inf-'riBs Enterpil»ei>
Priori Eiec.
Soopoil Elec.
Siade tfealrJiei
AlkJNic rMews
HSdo Compuref ^civlcos
Co rnco vision
inujuni Scftwar^i
J Macleane & Syns
^cdefn Applicinco Cenhe
Hunr^llle Else
Donny H"
T.M- dan^Dule^
r^tid'ts.Tri App lance £en\t\*
Ma* TV
Dianni&TV
Q&tkm andtalch
MesKigenea de Firo&w Benjamin cm.
Eo^ique Biura LOroche
Giiles. Ccmeoi i Fnr/ftcdld Shack
Tetstar ttejj*
Koh* £Jec1r<nh:;f;
[>iS Conir^.jlCr Paoe 1
Comefttfjftfs Sound
rteginja CtJCo Club
SarrVi-ciin Supermarket
f^(yticdv'& Software U^ary
LobergeHaclo Sh^cU
fWs Service
GiL:nr'5 Hsuse ctSain-d
'ISOHoyinrjs
JAPA4
1 0k H O
ruERrORICD
Son-k^r, bcftwareCiry
Also available at all B. Dalton Booksellers, and
selected Coles and W.H. Smith in Canada,
Waldenbooks, Pickwick Books, Encore Books,
Barnes & Noble, Little Professors, Tower Book &
Records, Kroch's & Brentano's, and Community
Newscenters.
September P&SB THE RAINHOW
159
Advertisers Index
We encourage you to patronize our advertisers — all of whom support the Tandy Color
Computer. We will appreciate your mentioning THE rainbow when you contact these firms.
4-TECHS i
MicroWorld . , ■«,
■ . ... 3 1
oecond uity bonware ,
• : *' T T • « .7 .OO
Adventure Novel Software P
. % 67
Owl-Ware . . . v . ... .77, 78, 79
Soft-Byte . . ...........
117
....... I If
Alpha Products
r * « . • *-« ■
rerrormance reripnerais
Q7
[ ™ B^Bh .^BM, ^am. bL B^ .^BB. bL ™ . a> ^bV .L ^Bfe BBMB. ^S—
SpectroSystems ..... . .
. *• A .... . i?0
Alpha Software Technologies ...97
rerry oompuiers . . . . ■ . . + . +
QQ
oPORTSWARE ........
1 QT
....... I O r
Alpha-Biotechnologies Inc.
■ » • . #39
rAt computing ...........
: :^l---. : 7
. ... a • #
Sugar Software .% + . . + . .
.......a/O
Burke & Burke. . *• 4f
.37, 104
R.A.D. Products ....... .
....117
Sundog Systems . . . . . T .
1
....... I OO
. . 84, 85
. . . ,101
58, 59, 121
. : v . . . ..113
(3 in SO ft * . * « h * . r y F + '».+ + + ->- + + 4-
j . • • 1 53
Rainbow Binder . . . , . .. . .
. . . . .64
T.E.M. of California
CoCo Cat Anti-Drug ♦
* » * * . 36
Rainbow Bookshelf .......
40
Tandy/Radio Shack
L ..... . . ^K'Vb^
OocoTech • • ^••v ....->•._
....129
Rainbowfest , . ..... . . . . .45
I 50, 51
^epCO ■ - .« • • i m '. + n . .' > •
. . it.- .' a ..12
Cod is Enterprises . *
. . . * i 95
Rainbow on Tape and Disk
. . ... .52
Three C's Projects .... .
... . • . • 1 05
C^ognitec •..«*. . . «/• » ■ • « .
« « « « (a. W
RAM Electronics .... ..
• 95
Tomela & Co. . ...... . > .
.......101
Colorware . . . . .18, 15
), 22, 23
Rericb Computer . f>
, 4 . . . 63
Tothian Software ..... * . . .
• ♦ ; >v 4 ♦ • 1 07
Computer Center . . . . . .
. ... 1 1 5
RTB Software .
. . . . . 4*7
True Data Products ....
90, 91
Computer Island > . , . . -
. F ♦ ♦ ,00
Rulaford Research . .
. . . . . 81
Vidicom Corporation ..>.*
48
Computer Plus......
. » . • • .3 i
Sardis Technologies ......
....145
Woodstown Electronics
• * .. . • . . a 1 53
CY-BURNET— ICS .
,,..107
SD Enterprises ..... . . ,m
• • «■ . . 25
Zebra Systems
a . « t ■ « • a 35
........ ..»■ 4 + . ■ ■ +
D.P. Johnson . .
DATAMATCH, INC. .... gsw« . . . .93
Dayton Associates of
W. R. Hall, Inc. .......130,131
1^1600^) • + * 1 .. + + + a a a a . . a | FCf
DiStO/CRC a . a » a • . a i ■ . a a » 1 1 9
Dorsett Educational
Systems . . * ... » ..11 1
Dr. Preble's Programs , IBC
E-Z Friendly Software . . . ...... .48
Easy Street Data Systems ... . ,157
Federal Hill Software , . . ... . . . . .57
FoxWare ......137
Frank Hogg Laboratory . . .146, 147
Fraser Instrument ......113
^iEnie .....a.... .......... • « * . 1 25
Gimmesoft . . . . ... . ... ... . . . . . .149
Granite Computer Systems . . . .129
Hard Drive Specialist .75
Hawkes Research
Services ■» .v. * . . *- j £<■■.. 57
HawkSoft, Inc. .... * . . . . . ...... .99
Howard Medical . . , .66, 162
ICR Futuresoft ....109
J & R Electronics > . . . 106
Metric Industrie^ . . ....
Micro Works, The . ... .... , .
Microcom Software 9^1 1 ;03, 1 5* 1 7
Microtech Consultants
Call:
Belinda Kirby
Advertising Representative
The Falsoft Building
9509 U.S. Highway 42
P.O. Box 385
Prospect, KY 40059
(502) 228-4497
□ Call:
Kim Vincent
Advertising Representative
The Falsoft Building
9509 U.S. Highway 42
P.O. Box 385
Prospect, KY 40059
(502) 228-4492
160
THE RAINBOW September 1988
DIGISECTOR
DS-69B
VIDEO
S
DIGITIZER
FOR THE
COCO 3
(AND ALL OTHER COCOS . . .)
USE YOUR COCO 3 TO ITS FULL POTENTIAL!
Use The Micro Works' DIGISECTOR™ DS-69 or
DS-69B and your COCO 3's high resolution graphics
to capture and display television pictures from your
VCR or video camera. The DIGISECTOR™ systems are
the only COCO video digitizers available that
accurately capture and reproduce the subtle shades of
gray in TV pictures!
• COLOR: Add color to your screen for dramatic
special effects.
• HIGH RESOLUTION: 256 by 256 spatial resolution.
• PRECISION: 64 levels of grey scale.
• SPEED! 8 images per second on DS-69B,
2 images per second DS-69.
• COMPACTNESS: Self contained in a plug-in
Rompack.
• EASY TO USE: Software on disk will get you up and
running fast!
• COMPATIBLE: Use with a black and white or color
camera, a VCR or tuner.
• INEXPENSIVE: Our low price puts this within
everyone's reach.
POWERFUL C-SEE 3.3 SOFTWARE
This menu-driven software
will provide 5 and 16 shades
of gray to the screen and to
the printer with simple
joystick control of
brightness and contrast.
Pictures taken by the
DIGISECTOR™ may be
saved on disk by C-SEE 3.3
and then edited by our
optional MAGIGRAPH, or by COCO MAX or
GRAPHICOM. This versatile new software is included
in both DIGISECTORS 1
DS-69B and C-SEE 3.3
DS-69 and C-SEE 3.3
$149.95
$ 99.95
tTM
TRADE IN YOUR OLD DIGISECTOR
If you already have one of The Micro Works' DS-69 or
DS-69A DIGISECTORS™, you may return it to us and
we will upgrade your unit to a DS-69B.
UPGRADE DS-69A to DS-69B
UPGRADE DS-69 to DS-69B
$49.95
$69.95
The DS-69B comes with a one year warranty. Cameras
and other accessories are available from The Micro
Works.
NO RISK GUARANTEE
If you are not completely satisfied with the performance of your new
DS-69B, you may return it, undamaged, within ten days for a full
refund of the purchase price. We'll even pay the return shipping. If
you can get any of our competitors to give you the same guarantee,
buy both and return the one you don't like. We know which one
you'll keep.
COCO 3 SCREEN
Terms: Visa, Mastercard, Check or C.O.D.
T, 7&0©[^9)
Purveyors of Fine Video Digitizers Since 1977. YhfJ($)\$FtZ-^
P.O. Box 1110 Del Mar, CA 92014 (619) 942-2400
HOWARD MEDICAL COMPUTERS
1690 N. Elston • Chicago, IL 60622 • orders (800) 443-1444 • inquiries and order status (312) 278-1440
* 5 STAR FINAL
SEPTEMBER 88
CLEAR
HD
DC-5 CONTROLLER
from Hard Drive Specialist gives
great Radio Shack compatability
and double sided access to DSDD
Drives like Howard's DD-3. Two
ROM sockets, one 24 pin and one
28 pin allows use of RS 1.1 ROM
by jumper selection. Gold plated
contacts reduce I/O Errors.
$75 ($2 Shipping)
RS DOS ROM CHIP
ROM chip fits inside disk controller.
24 pin fits both J&M and RS controller
Release LL For CoCo 3 Compatibility.
$ 25 each Reg. $40 ($2 shipping)
NEW FROM DISTO $ 129 DC6
($2 Shipping) Super Controller II
works with CoCo \ 2 & 3. It buffers
keyboard input so that no keystrokes
Sale Ends 9/3
are lost when disk is reading or writ-
ing. Especially useful with OS-9, but
also works with BASIC.
MONITOR
Sony KV-1311CR $ 499
Regular $625 ($15 shipping)
• Vivid Color • Vertically flat 13"
screen • Monitor/Trinitron TV with
remote control • 640 x 240 reso-
lution at 15MHZ .37 mm Dot pitch
• RGB analog & digital; TTL; and
composite inputs • VCR inputs
• Cable to CoCo 3 $36
HARD DRIVE ADD-ONS
3' Hard Drive Cable $20
Clock Upgrade $ 20
Hyper I/O $ 30
Y Cable $ 29 50
TEAC 55B $ 118
Hard Drive ROM Boot $ 20
Guarantee" As good as Gold.
Howard Medical's 30-day guarantee
is meant to eliminate the uncertainty
of dealing with a company through
the mail. Once you receive our hard-
ware, try it out; test it for compat-
\. ibility. If you're not happy with it for
any reason, return it in 30 days and
we'll give you your money back (less
shipping.) Shipping charges are for
48 states. APO, Canada and Puerto
Rico orders are higher.
Hard Drive— Ready to Run!
20,000,000 Bytes or the equivalent to a •'
125 R.S. 50 Ts on line are packed into
this hard drive, pre installed and ready '*:
to run. All you need to do is plug it in
and go! This complete easy to use ;•
package includes a Seagate 20 Meg 1
Hard Drive, a Western Digital WD
1002-WX 1 Controller and interface
that plugs into slot #3 of multipack
interface, plus the case & power supply.
You even get a 1 year warranty. This 20
meg Hard Drive will work with IBM &
clone. Basic driver, $49.95, lets you
access this hard drive without need for
OS-9. Howard's low price is aimed to
get as many units as possible into the
hands of "evaluators" to spread the
word on it's quality.
HD-1 $499 (59 Shipping)
Sale ends September 3
Exclusive from Burke & Burke.
Howard announces its SASI Connection
featuring the low-power (15-watt)
XEBEC 20 Meg highly reliable (15 steps
per track) Hard Drive $ 525. Completely
assembled and ready to run.
DON'T MISS OUT, ORDER TODAY!
800 / 443-1444
WE ACCEPT VISA • MASTERCARD/:;
. AMERICAN EXPRESS . C.O.D. OR -
CHECKS . SCHOOL P.O.
NEW - DISCOVER CARD
!
a
For Color Computer Software
Since 1983
Dear Friends,
Thank you. 1988 marks oar
lifth year of providing quality
software for ttue Color computer.
Only your support hag made it
possible. So, from our heart3. Peg
aruJ I thank you And remember our
promise --If you buy it from U3, we
support it If you are unhappy for
any reason, 3end it back for a full
refund within 30 days of purchase .
Pyramix
This facinating CoCo 3 game
continues to be one of our best
sellers. Pyramix is 100% machine
language written exclusively to take
advantage of all the power in your
128K CoCo 3- The Colors are
brilliant, the graphics sharp, the
action fast. Written by Jordon
T3vetkoff and a product of Color-
Venture.
The Freedom Series
Vocal Freedom
I've got to admit, this is one
nifty computer program Vocal
Freedom turns your computer into a
digital voice or sound recorder,
The optional Hacker's PaC lets
you incorporate voices or sounds
that you record into your own
BASIC or ML programs. Thi3 is not
a synthesiser. Sounds are digitized
directly into computer memory 30
that vx)ice3 or sound effects sound
very natural One "off-the-shelf "
application for Vocal Freedom is an
automatic me33age -minder. Record
a message for your family into
memory. Set Vocal Freedom on
automatic. When Vocal Freedom
"hears" any noise in the room, it
plays the pre-recorded message!
Disk operations are supported. VF
3lso tests memory to take advantage
of from 64K up to a full 51 2K. Re-
quires low cost amplifiler (RS cat.
•277- 1008) and any microphone.
Mental Freedom
Would your fnend3 be impre33ed
if your computer could read their
minds? Mental Freedom U3e3 the
techniques of Biofeedback to
control video game action on the
screen. Telekinesis? Ye3, you con-
trol the action with, your thoughts
and emotions. And, ohye3, it talk3
in a perfectly natural voice without
U3ing a speech synthesizer!
Requires Radio Shacks low co3t
Biofeedback monitor. Cat. »63-675
BASIC Freedom
Do you ever type in BASIC
programs - -manually, I mean. If you
do, you know it can be a real chore.
Basic Freedom changes all that It
gives you a full screen editor just
like a word processor, but for
BASIC programs Once loaded in. it
is always on-line. It hide3 invis-
ibly until you call it forth with a
3ingle keypress! This program 13 a
mu3t for programmers or anyone who
type3 in programs. By Chris
Babcock and a product of Color -
Venture.
Lightning Series
The3e three utilities give real
power to your CoCo 3.
Ramdisk Lightning
This is the best Ramdisk
available. It let3 you have up to 4
mechanical di3k drives and 2 Ram
drives on-line and is fully compat-
ible with our printer spooler below.
Printer Lightning
Load it and forget it --except for
the versatility it gjv*3 you. Never
wait for your printer again! Printer
runa at higb 3peed while you
continue to work at the keyboard!
Backup Lightning
This utility requires 51 2K Reads
your ma3ter di3k once and then
make3 3uperfast multiple disk
backup3 on all your dirves! No
need to format blank disk3 first!
Supports 35, 40 or 80 track drives.
Prices
CoCo 3 only
Ram Disk Ligjitning, Disk. ..$19 95
Printer Lightning Disk $19 95
Backup Ligjitrung, Di3k $1 9-95
All three. Disk $49.95
Pyramix, Di3k $24.95
CoCo 1,2, or 3
Vocal Freedom Di3k $34.95
Vocal Freedom Hackers Pac ..$14.95
CoCo 2 or 3 only
Mental Freedom Disk. $24.95
Basic Freedom Disk $24.95
CoCo 1 or 2 only
VDOS. The Undisk, ramdi3k for the
CoCo 1 or 2 only. Tape $24.95
VDUMP, backup Undisk file3 to
single tape file. Tape $14 95
VPRINT, Print Undisk directory.
Tape $9 95
Everyone
Add $2.50 shipping/handling
in USA or CMKXOA
Add $5.00 to ship to other
countries
Dr. Preble's Programs
6540 Outer Loop
Louisville, KT 40226
Visa, MC, COD, Check
The Best in Color Computer Software
WeVe got the selection!
At Radio Shack, we're dedicated
to making sure that you never run
out of ways to use and enjoy your
Color Computer. WeVe got a ter-
rific line of software of all types.
Games for the whole family
Let your Color Computer open
the door to a world of fun and ad-
venture. Choose from a dazzling
selection of popular and challeng-
ing games.
Make learning fun
One of the most valuable poten-
tials of your Color Computer is in
providing your children a head
start in their education. WeVe got
learning programs for children of
all ages that will provide hours of
productive fun! With this selec-
tion, you'll find programs that help
develop hundreds of useful skills.
Boost your productivity
No matter what your personal
needs, we've got programs that'll
put your Color Computer to work
where you need it most —like per-
sonal filing, word processing,
spreadsheets and communications.
Need more suggestions?
Send in the coupon for a free
copy of our 1989 Software Refer-
ence Guide. Radio Shack is your
one-stop software center.
Radio /hack
The Technology Store
I
133 15
0
A DIVISION OF TANDY CORPORATION
Send me a new 1989 Software Guide.
Mail to: Radio Shack, Dept. 89-A-319
300 One Tandy Center, Fort Worth, TX 76102
sm
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