u u ii u i cru r
oanaaa $4.yD
THE COtOR COMPUTER MONTHLY MAGAZINE
The Sweet Strains of CoCo
With Our Tribute to Charlie Parker,
Programmable synthesizer, and
MIDI Interface tutorial
Kooser's
Speech/Sound Pak utility,
Refinements for Music-
from Joseph D. Piatt, and
^ gffrtcowith
itar tutorial
FOR THE COCO 1, 2 T AND 3
6
Tandy 1000 EX $479
Tandy 1000 SX $759
BIG SAVINGS ON A FULL COMPLEMENT OF RADIO SHACK COMPUTER PRODUCTS
COMPUTERS
Tandy 1000 EX 1 Drive 256K 479.00
Tandy 100 SX 1 Drive 384K 679.00
Tandy 1000 SX 2 Drive 384K 759.00
Tandy 3000 HL 1 Drive 512K 1229.00
Model IVD 64K with Deskmate 889.00
PRINTERS
Radio Shack DMP-106 80 CPS 160.00
Radio Shack DMP-130 100 CPS 269.00
Radio Shack DMP-430 180 CPS 559.00
Radio Shack DWP-230 DaisyWheel310.00
Star Micronics NP-10 100 CPS 199.00
Star Micronics NX-10 120 CPS 249.00
Star Micronics NX-15 120 CPS 410.00
Panasonic P-1080i 120 CPS 239.00
Panasonic P-1091 i 160 CPS 299.00
Panasonic P-1092i 240 CPS 389.00
Okidata 182 120 CPS 269.00
Okidata 192 i 200 CPS 375.00
Okidata 292 240 CPS 559.00
MODEMS
Radio Shack DCM-6 52.00
Radio Shack DCM-7 85.00
Radio Shack DCM-212 179.00
Practical Peripheral 1200 Baud 179.00
CALL TOLL FREE
1-800-343-8124
• LOWEST POSSIBLE PRICES
• BEST POSSIBLE WARRANTY
• KNOWLEDGEABLE SALES STAFF
• TIMELY DELIVERY
• SHOPPING CONVENIENCE
COLOR COMPUTER MISC.
Radio Shack Drive Controller 99.00
Extended Basic Rom Kit 39.95
64K Ram Upgrade Kit 39.00
Radio Shack Deluxe Keyboard Kit 24.95
HJL Keyboard Upgrade Kit 79.95
COCO Max Y Cable 27.95
Color Computer Mouse 44.00
Multi Pak Interface 89.00
Multi Pak Pal Chip for COCO 3 14.95
CM-8 6 Extension Cable 19.95
Botek Serial to Parallel Conv. 59.95
Radio Shack DelJxe Joystick 26.95
Radio Shack CM-8 RGB Monitor 249.00
Radio Shack VM-4 Green Monitor 99.00
PBJ 51 2K COCO 3 Upgrade 99.00
Tandy 512K COCO 3 Upgrade 129.00
Mark Data Universal Video Driver 29.95
COLOR COMPUTER SOFTWARE
TAPE DISK
The Wild West (CoCo3) 25.95
Worlds Of Flight 29.95 34.95
Mustang P-51 Flight Simul. 29.95 34.95
Nuke the Love Boat (CoCo3) 34.95
The Magic of Zanth (CoCo3) 34.95
Major Istar 24.95 27.95
Sam Sleuth Private Eye 24.95 27.95
Dungeon Quest 24.95 27.95
COCO Util II by Mark Data 39.95
COCO Max by Colorware 69.95
COCO Max II by Colorware 79.95
AutoTerm by PXE Computi ng29.95 39.95
TelePatch III by Spectrum 29.95
C III Graphics by Spectrum 19.95
Font Bonanza by Spectrum 29.95
Telewriter 64 49.95 59.95
Pro Color Series 79.95
Max Fonts (72 COCO Max Fonts) 64.95
Elite Word 80 79.95
Elite Calc 3.0 69.95
CoCo3512KRamDiskbyCerComp 19.95
OS-9 Level II by Tandy 71.95
VIP Writer (disk only) 69.95
VIP Integrated Library (disk) 149.95
Prices are subject to change without
notice. Please call for shipping charges.
Prices in our retail store may be higher.
Send for complete catalog.
■
P.O. Box 1094
480 King Street
Littleton, MA 01460
SINCE 1973
IN MASSACHUSETTS CALL (617) 486-3193
TRS-80isa registered trademark of Tandy Corp.
Under
The
20
26
58
FEATURES
C^l Singing With the Bird/l/a/ Burke
MUSIC A tribute to jazz legend Charlie Parker
Air Rescue\/Chris Keyes
GAME Slip into enemy territory to save hostages
Uncovering the MIDI Section/Jofrn E. Mueller
MUSIC TUTORIAL A digital interface for CoCo music
The Digital Dimension/ Lindsay Kooser
SOUND UTILITY The Speech/ Sound Pak learns to count
^ Sgt. CoCo's Only Starters Club Band/Bill Bernico _
MUSIC UTILITY Guitar help for would-be Eddie Van Halens
£=3^ Pick and Choose//War/c S. Camp
MUSIC UTILITY Easy song selection from the music menu
Steppin' Oui/Matthew Thompson
MUSIC SYNTHESIZER Four-voice, programmable and fun
^ The Sweet Strains of CoCo/Joseph D. Piatt
s 1
i
MUSIC UTILITY Transposition refinements for Music+
The CoCo Composer/ Harold Nickel
MUSIC Play the CoCo like a two-level organ
4& Fish or Pheish?/De/ Turner
EDUCATION BASIC09 helps with phoneme recognition
NOVICES NICHE ^
New Mexican Folk Dances
Julian Josue Vigil
The Color Conductor r
David Schuff
76 Up With the Beat
8/7/ Bernico
78 Sound Off
20
26
36
38
44
49
58
94
114
148
80
81
Gip W. Plaster II
Cover illustration copyright © 1987
by Fred Crawford
The cassette tape/disk symbols
beside features and columns indi-
cate that the program listings with those
articles are on this month's RAINBOW ON
TAPE and RAINBOW ON DISK. Those with
only the disk symbol are not available on
RAINBOW ON TAPE. For details, check the
RAINBOW ON TAPE and RAINBOW ON DISK
ads on pages 1 72 and 1 17.
NEXT MONTH: Happy Birthday To Us!
Please forgive us if we crow
— we're turning 6, don't you know.
Hard to believe but, yes, it's true,
and we've got a party just for you.
Programs, utilities and surprises galore
(see the July Anniversary Issue for details)
Reviews, tutorials and, oh, so much more.
Find out what's new, what's currently hot
and what new things the rai nbow's got.
It's fun, exciting and always a treat
A present for your CoCo that can't be beat.
THE RAINBOW June 1987
-1
COLUMNS
BASIC Training/Joseph Kolar
The creative muse
Building June's Rainbow/J/m Reed -
A report on RAIN BOW f est Chicago
CoCo Consultations/Marty Goodman
Just what the doctor ordered
Delphi Bureau/Cray Augsburg .
Help one, help all and Marty's database report
Doctor ASC\l/Richard E. Esposito
First aid for what's broken
Education Notes/Sfei/e Blyn
A square deal for teaching math
Education Overview/M/crtae/ Plog, Ph.D
Teachers and educational software development
PRINT#-2,/ Lawrence C. Falk
Editor's notes
Turn of the Screw/ Tony DiStefano
An expandable relay project
£=5^ Wishing Well/Fred Scerbo
More on graphics, speech and education
RAINBOWTECH
Bits and Bytes of BAS\C/Richard White
Getting started with BASIC09
Downloads/Dan Downard
i
Answers to your technical questions
KISSable OS-9/Da/e L Puckett
Shooting for a standard
I Exploring Level U/Rick Adams
A look at the new features from BASIC09
"Harden 's Buffer " will re I urn next month.
DEPARTMENTS
Adventure Contest
Advertiser Index
Back Issue Information
CoCo Gallery
Corrections
Letters to Rainbow
One-Liner Contest
Information
153
176
137
_18
116
_6
The Pipeline
Received & Certified
Scoreboard Pointers
Submitting Material
to Rainbow
Subscription Info
Where to Find Rainbow
122
PRODUCT REVIEWS
Product Review Contents.
96
16
53
126
90
47
32
12
84
106
158
152
162
154
124
130
_88
_87
122
174
129
The J JJU ULJJA
June 1987
Vol. VI No. 11
Editor and Publisher
Lawrence C. Falk
Managing Editor James E. Reed
Senior Editor T. Kevin Nickols
Submissions Editor Jutta Kapfhammer
Associate Editor Jo Anna Wittman Arnott
Technical Editor Cray Augsburg
Copy Editor Jody Gilbert
Reviews Editor Judi Hutchinson
Editorial Assistants Sandra Blackthorn,
Wendy Falk, Angela Kapfhammer,
Julie Tallent, Monica Wheat
Technical Consultant Dan Downard
Editorial Consultants Ed Ellers,
Belinda C. Kirby, Joe Pierce
Contributing Editors William Barden, Jr.,
Steve Blyn, Tony DiStefano,
Richard Esposito, Martin Goodman, M.D.,
Joseph Kolar, Michael Plog, Dale Puckett,
Fred Scerbo, Richard White
Art Director Heidi Maxedon
Production Coordinator Cynthia L. Jones
Designers Tracey Jones, Rita Lawrence,
Sandra Underwood, Denise Webb
Lead Typesetter Jody Doyle
Typesetting Services Jill Hopkins
Karen Semones
President
Falsoft, Inc.
Lawrence C. Falk
General Manager Patricia H. Hirsch
Asst. General Mgr. for Finance Donna Shuck
Admin. Asst. to the Publisher Sue E. Rodgers
Editorial Director James E. Reed
Asst. Editorial Director Jutta Kapfhammer
Chief Bookkeeper Diane Moore
Advertising Accounts Beverly Taylor
Dealer Accounts Judy Quashnock
Asst. General Manager For Administration
Bonnie Frowenfeld
Customer Service Mgr. Sandy Apple
Asst. Customer Service Mgr. Beverly Bearden
Word Processor Manager Patricia Eaton
Development Coordinator Ira Barsky
Chief of Printing Services Melba Smith
Director of Production Jim Cleveland
Pre-press Production John Pike
Dispatch Janice Eastburn
Asst. Dispatch Mark Herndon
Business Assistants Laurie Falk, Sharon Smith,
Pam Workhoven
Advertising Coordinator Doris Taylor
Advertising Representative Kim Vincent
Advertising Assistant Debbie Baxter
(502) 228-4492
West Coast Advertising and Marketing Office
President Cindy J. Shackleford
For RAINBOW Advertising and
Marketing Office Information, see Page 208
THE rainbow is published every month of the year by FALSOFT, Inc., The Falsoft Building, 9509 U.S. Highway 42, P.O. Box 385, Prospect. KY 40059, phone (502)
228-4492. the rainbow, RAINBOWfest and the rainbow and RAINBOWfest logotypes are registered ® trademarks of FALSOFT, Inc. • Secondclass postage paid Prospect,
KY and additional offices. USPS N. 705-050 (ISSN No. 0746-4797). POSTMASTER: Send address changes to the rainbow, P.O. Box 385, Prospect, KY 40059. Forwarding
Postage Guaranteed. Authorized as second class postage paid from Hamilton, Ontario by Canada Post, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. • Entire contents copyright © by
FALSOFT, Inc., 1987. the rainbow is intended for the private use and pleasure of its subscribers and purchasers and reproduction by any means is prohibited. Use
of information herein is for the single end use of purchasers and any other use is expressly prohibited. All programs herein are distributed in an "as is" basis, without
warranty of any kind whatsoever. • Tandy, Color basic, Extended Color basic and Program Pak are registered ® trademarks of the Tandy Corp. • Subscriptions to
the rainbow are $31 per year in the United States. Canadian rates are U.S. $38. Surface mail to other countries is U.S. $68, air mail U.S. $103. All subscriptions begin
with next available issue. • Limited back issues are available. Please see notice for issues that are in print and their costs. Payment accepted by VISA, MasterCard,
American Express, cash, check or money order in U.S. currency only. Full refund after mailing of one issue. A refund of 10/12ths the subscription amount after two
issues are mailed. No refund after mailing of three or more magazines.
June 1987 THE RAINBOW 5
LETTERS TO THE
More Excitement Than Ever
Editor:
I have been receiving RAINBOW since it
was a two-page letter put out by an LPV1I.
I cherish our magazine and praise you for
its content.
How about some information on interfac-
ing hard disk drives with our CoCo^Mow
about Owl Ware's Winchester BASIC? What
is it really like? You folks must be using hard
drives. How about some information on
which ones and how they work?
Also, 1 am halfway through the January
issue, and have seen two references to Multi-
Vue. Who puts it out, and how about a
review of it?
Now, Fm more excited about CoCo than
ever. Please keep us up on the newest and
most significant enhancements.
Gary Br it ting
San Francisco, CA
Gary, Multi-Vue is a windowing de-
velopment system which requires OS-
9 Level II. It is produced by Radio
Shack, but has not yet been released
to the public.
Super Cosmos Update
Editor:
To all owners of a Super Cosmos Connec-
tion formerly sold by Cosmos Computer
Services, Inc.:
The sales and manufacturing rights to the
Super Cosmos Connection have been ac-
quired by Premier Data Systems, Inc. Any
warranty questions or problems with a unit
sold by Cosmos should be referred to us at
2734 Hillsdale Ct., Green Bay, WJ 54303,
(414) 434 1222. Thomas G Fezatte
Premier Data Systems
Fixing the Erratic @
Editor:
In March's "Reviewing Reviews," there
was a letter from us regarding erratic '@ y
symbols and otherunwanted characters that
sometimes appear with Ultra Telepatch and
some other programs.
I'm pleased to announce that we've found
the fix. Ultra Telepatch customers are
invited to write to us regarding update
information.
The exact cause? We're not sure, but the
problem seems to appear only on early
Korean CoCo 2s, and all the computers we
examined have very hot power supplies. We
suspect a bug in the SALT chip is causing
an erratic power drop to the keyboard. The
solution is simple — a longer delay time in
the keyboard debounce routine.
Unfortunately this will not help Mr. Long
and his problems with Penpal. Perhaps a
Penpal user will be able to incorporate a
similar fix into Penpal's keyboard driver and
forward it to him. n . , n ,
Bob van der Poel
Edmonton, Alberta
The Well-Traveled CoCo
Editor:
I brought with me to Ireland a 64K CoCo,
disk drive and a CGP-II5 printer. I also
brought a 240v-to-l I5v transformer. Upon
hooking it all up, everything worked fine.
The disk drive spun at the right speed, the
TV looked just fine and CoCo delivered the
goods. My worst fears were unfounded —
for about three months. Then, the picture
started to become unstable and upon "open-
heart surgery" I discovered some internal
voltages weren't what they should have
been. I have since bought a new CoCo from
England that feeds an English, PAL-
standard TV.
I think that Radio Shack's warning aboul
the transformers for 60 Hz U.S. mains
voltage not being compatible with 50 H2 are
probably true and that American CoCos
don't travel well abroad- . ,
John Perry
Glenageary, Ireland
BACK TALK
Editor:
The January 1987 '^Downloads'* column
contains a letter from Allen Drennan. The
reason the caller's BREAK key (CTRL-C) isn't
disabled is because of an error in the ma-
chine language listing of Mr. Downard's
program. I believe his original listing of the
program trapped the caller's CLEAR key
(ASCII 12) and not the caller's break key
(ASCII 3). 1 made that change a long time
ago to his fine program, and it works
beautifully with my modified version of
Rainboai d. Speaking of modifications to
Rainboard, has the author ever considered
adding the Xmodem protocol to it?
Also, Mr. Downard's review of D.L.
LOGO is right on the money as far as being
a superb implementation of LOGO. However,
the demo program on my disk runs just
beautifully. I suspect that superfluous driv-
ers on the boot disk may be causing the OM
Thomas P. Reitzel
Ne walla, OK
Best of Both Worlds
Editor:
In response to Tony Rapson's letter
appearing in January [Page 6], certain
features of ADOS using the Disto Super
Controller with the CoCo 3 do work. When
you first power up, you get the message:
Disk Extended Color BASIC 2.1. Then, if
you do the poke to change DOSs, ADOS
will come up as: Disk Extended Color
BASIC 2.0.
Not all of the commands work as before.
5CPN and CRT do not work, but you still get
to use your double-sided drives at 6 ms
stepping (not supported by RS-DOS).
The next problem is what new features of
the CoCo 3 will work with ADOS. That all
depends upon how you do it. Programs
typed in and immediately run under ADOS
with new CoCo 3 commands will not work
and give SN Errors, ff you type a program
in and debug it under RS-DOS, then switch
to ADOS and load your program with the
new commands in it. ft will work fine. When
you iisi your piogram under ADOS, the
commands will not appear in the listing as
they were typed in because they are not in
the ADOS vocabulary; rather, they will
appear as commands such as ROM and RUTO,
which look wrong, but work just as the
commands that you entered in RS-DOS.
By doing this you can have the best of
both worlds: You can use both sides of your
double-sided disks at 6 ins from ADOS and
use the new Hi-Res text or graphics screens
on the CoCo 3! _ , ^
Erie banianen
Stanhope. NJ
THE RAINBOW
June 1987
AUTOTERM
TURNS YOUR COLOR COMPUTER INTO THE
WORLD'S
SMARTEST TERMINAL!
YOU'LL ALSO USE AUTOTERM FOR SIMPLE
WORD PROCESSING & RECORD KEEPING
NOW HI-RES
EASY COMMUNICATION + WORD PROCESSING + TOTAL AUTOMATION
Full prompting and error checking
Step-by-step manual has examples.
Scroll text backward and forward. No
split words on screen or printout
Save, load, delete files while on line.
Print, save all or any part of text.
XMODEM for machine language
files. 128 ASCII characters, 1200
baud, etc. Works with DC. Hayes or
any modem. Handles files larger
than memory. Print on line with J&M
or RS232 Pak Screen widths of 32,
40. 42, 51, 64.
Please hire the mentally retarded
They are sincere, hard working and
appreciative. Thanks!
Phyllis.
Editing is super simple with the
cursor Find strings instantly too'
Insert printer control codes Specify
page size and margins. Switch
quickly between word processing
and intelligent terminal action. Create
text, correct your typing errors; then
connect to the other computer,
upload your text or files, download
information, file it, and sign-off; then
edit the receive data, print it in an
attractive format, and/or save it on
file. Compatible with TELEWRITER
CASSETTE $29.95
DISKETTE $39.95
Add $3 shipping and handling
MC/VISA/C.O.D.
Advanced system of keystroke
macros lets you automate any
activity, such as dial via modem,
sign-on, interact, sign-off, print, save.
Perform entire session. Act as
message taker. At start-up, disk
version can automatically set
parameters, dial, sign-on, interact,
read/write disk, sign-off, etc. Timed
execution lets AUTOTERM work
while you sleep or play. No other
computer can match your COCO's
intelligence as a terminal.
PXE Computing
11 Vicksburg Lane
Richardson, Texas 75080
214/699-7273
COCO 3
Editor:
I have been using Roger Schrag's disk
backup utility since its appearance in the
December 1983 issue of rainbow. This
excellent utilitycan be modified todo single-
pass backups on a 512K CoCo 3 by loading
the utility and then running the following
program. Backup time on a two-drive
system is not improved (ifsalready fast), but
it really shines if for some reason you gel
stuck with only a single operating drive. This
is because only one disk swap is required.
5 DIMR(BS) ,8(39)
10 DRTR127 , 255 ,161, IB, IB, IB, 32,
24 ,26, 118, IBB, 23,78,18,193,
111,127,255,161,18,18,18,24,
189,23,78, 18,26,118,91 ,23b,
108,159,17,94,124,255,161, b7
20 DRTR4579, 4580,4581 ,4582, 45b 3,
4584,4585,4618, 46^8, 4669,4^80,
46Q1 ,4682,4683,4685,4801,4805,
4806,4807, 4808,4809,4810,4824 ,
4976,4977,4978,4979 ,49BB ,4983,
4593,4996,5966,5967,5968,5969,
5970,5971,5972,5973
30 FORX=0TD36:RERDR:R(X) =
R'NEXTX
40 FaRX=0TO38:RERDB(X) =
8 : NEXTX
50 FORX=0TO3B:POKE8(X) ,R(X) :
NEXTX D _ ,
Ron Goodger
Paw Paw, Ml
REQUEST HOTLINE
Editor:
I'm looking for educational software
focusing on calculus, mechanics and ther-
modynamics for mechanical engineering
studies at a university. How do I locate
information on how to purchase this type of
software 9 n n 0 ,
Bill Snyder
565 Leighton Avenue
Youngstown, OH 44512
Banners, Banners Everywhere
Editor:
I am looking for a printer program pack
that makes invitations, banners, and signs.
Mrs. Willie Robinson
WW N. W. 58th Street
Miami, FL 33127
INFORMATION PLEASE
Editor.
I own a Digital Equipment LA50 printer.
J think 1 have ined everything possible to
make it work with my CoCo. I cannot get
a line feed with a carriage return. If anyone
has a similar printer and has overcome this
problem, please write me at 2410 Imperial
Oaks, 52761 , D ,
Joe Barnard
Muscatine, I A
CoCo 3 Quandary
Editor.
I have purchased a CoCo 3. Il works fine
with two exceptions. It is not compatible
with my Zenith I 3-inch color TV. The green
screen continuously bounces making it
difficult to view. Also, my Dynacalc soft-
ware Version 5.1:1 will not load. Can some-
one tell me how to get Dynacalc to load
beyond the LORDING HELPS . BIN? It stops
there and the red light on the disk drive
continues, but the program does not load
Waller J. Campbell
605 N. Commercial, Box I
Mankato, KS 66956
The ML Roadblock
Editor.
I have a problem with my machine —
some machine language programs do not
run all the way. For example, with VIP
Database, it runs fine up to the point of
using the database. When I try to use that
portion of the program, the cursor locks up
on the top line. I cannot get the cursor off
the line at the extreme left edge, covering the
first letter, which is replaced by a left
parenthesis. The disk is OK; my friend's
database acts the same way. There are other
programs such as Sands of Egypt that run
for a time, then lock up.
Jack Wannenwetsch
3733 Hulberion Road
Holley, NY 14470
Calling All Trekkies
Editor:
I would like to hear from anyone who has
been able to run Jake Commander's Space
Trek program in the May 1983 issue of the
Color Computer Magazine. A program
printout would be greatly appreciated.
Randall Winter
10 160 S.R. 53 N
Upper Sandusky, OH 43351
June 1987 THE RAINBOW 7
Just Outclassed
Editor:
I have a 64K CoCo 2, two drives and an
Epson JX-80 color printer. 1 run both JDOS
and RS-DOS. It doesn't make much sense
to me to have the best color graphics com-
puter and a fantastic color printer and not
be able to find graphics software (e.g., CoCo
Max, Graphicom, etc.) compatible with
them. 1 have a CoCo Max II that is about
90 percent usable (the double strike doesn't
work, and the line spacing is about '/s-inch
too wide) when configured for the FX-80.
When configured for the Gemini 10, it only
prints in double strike and the line spacing
is about l /8-inch too close. Are there plans
for CoCo Max to be available for the JX-
80? Is there any graphics software compat-
ible with my system out there? It seems my
printer is only compatible with the more
expensive IBM systems. Did 1 outclass my
computer when 1 bought my printer?
Jo Ernst
P. O. Box 4044
APO, NY 09009
The Beat Goes On
Editor:
1 play in a rock group and our light show
(36 "cans" at approximately 15 kilowatts) is
completely controlled by Radio Shack Plug
'n Power Modules. I have read all of Alex-
ander B. Trevor's articles in past issues
concerning the XI 0 protocol and applica-
tion. 1 have been able to tailor the program
to the group's needs, e.g., scene generation,
random sequencing, etc. My problem is that
I can't utilize my program. The new Ap-
pliance Controller I have(R.S. Catalog No.
26-3142) doesn't seem to support it, and
using the included ROM-Pak (both manu-
ally and pre-programmed) is too sluggish to
track the dynamics of the music. The orig-
inal P'n P Controller that Mr. Trevor used
is his article seems to be the more straight-
through device I need.
If anyone has one of these original con-
trollers, please contact me at (616) 258-8777
anytime. John M. Fredericks
P.O. Box 1016
Kalkaska, Ml 49646
Terminally Smart
Editor:
I have a Kantronics UTU-XT interface,
which is a smart modem for my ham radio.
It is designed to use an RS-232 port and just
about any terminal program.
However, all of the CoCo terminal pro-
grams that work well with telephone mo-
dems lack the features that would make the
programs more useful with a ham radio
smart modem.
Kantronics has a program called UTU-
Term/ Pacterm for IBM Compatibles, but
they inform me there are no plans to make
the program for the CoCo.
J would like to find a program like the
Clay Abrams newrttycw , which would
operate the Kantronics UTU-XT. The only
addition I could think of would be using an
RS-232 pack for the UTU-XT and connect-
ing a printer to the 4-pin CoCo RS-232 port
for truly deluxe ham operation.
David J. Johnstone
19 Margerie Street
Torringlon, CT 06790
Death in the 80-Column Mode
Editor:
I am using a CoCo 2 with the Disto Super
Controller and 80-column board. I bought
this with the idea of using 80 columns on a
high resolution amber monitor, but I find
that all my terminal/modem programs die
when I am in 80-column mode.
Will I have to go to OS-9 before it be-
comes possible? Also, I would like to trade
graphics pictures with other enthusiasts. I
can use DSDD disks. n . ~ ,.
Brian Carting
220 Cedarview Drive
Antioch, TN 370/3
A Baudy Question
Editor:
I am having trouble with my CoCo Max
II. 1 have a DMP-130 printer, and 1 don't
know which baud rate to use. If you could
give me any help it would be great!
Chris Casson
3 Channing Lane
Camillus, NY 13031
Vive le Francais
Editor:
I am a French speaking person. I own a
CoCo 2 and I have been using it for the last
three years. 1 also own two disk drives and
a DMP-105 printer. In 1985, Radio Shack
was announcing a French version of Scrip-
sir, 1 am still waiting for it. I would like to
know if there is any word processor able to
generate the French characters that we can
pass directly to the printer.
I would like to know if any word proces-
sor available for the CoCo 3 can generate
those characters, since those special or
foreign characters are located in codes 128
to 159 in high definition. 0
b Gilbert Bourget
28 A ve. de I 'Eglise
Perce, Quebec
Canada G0C2L0
dows. I ordered the program on a Saturday
and received the disk Thursday morning —
without a doubt one of the fastest mail order
turn around times I have ever dealt with.
Thank you, Other Guy's. c/£>// HafmQn
Wichita, KS
BOUQUETS
Editor:
I would like to tell you about Bob van der
Poel Software and Plan Net Forms. First I
ordered Ultra Label and couldn't get it
configured but, thanks to Bob, I now have
it working perfectly. It is one terrific pro-
gram and does everything I want it to. The
second company, Plan Net Forms, sent me
the plans for an RS-232 switching box. For
$5 and $20 worth of parts, I have an RS-232
switch that works great. It was very easy to
make and I would recommend it to anyone.
G. D. Croucher
Scarbrough, Ontario
A Pat to the Other Guy
Editor:
1 want to praise the Other Guy's Software
for the extremely fast service they provided
to me in the ordering of their CoCo Win-
PEN PALS
• I have a 64K CoCo 2, disk drive, cassette,
modem and a DMP-105 printer. I am inter-
ested in all types of programs.
Becky Cravens
1218 North C Street
Rogers, A R 72756
• I am looking for a female pen pal. I am
14 years old and have a CoCo 2 with a disk
drive. I enjoy Adventures and games with
Hi-Res graphics. n . k4
° r Brian Murry
142 Rock Street
Tucson, AZ 85747
• I'm 13 years old and I'm looking for pen
pals of any age. I have a CoCo and a CoCo
3 with ears, Super Voice and CoCo Max.
I have just started using OS-9 and I love to
P ' aygameS - Andy Blount
339 32 ! / 2 Road
Palisade, CA 81526
• If there are any Korean-based readers out
there, drop me a line through MPS.
Gary Br it ting
HHC 19th Spt. Box 2327
APO, San Francisco, CA 96212
• I am looking for pen pals from another
country. I speak English and am 15 years
old. I have a CoCo 2 with cassette, disk
drive, modem and a DMP-130.
Mike Jakubiak
125 Elmwood Drive
Meriden, CT 06450
• I am 12 years old and am looking for a
pen pal the same age or older. I have a CoCo
3 and I enjoy graphics games, Adventures
and music programs. n . 0/ . . . .
F & Robert Slabinskt
195 A State Street Apt. 159
Meriden, CT 06450
• I am seeking pen pals with ham radio
interests for an exchange of ideas and
concepts. I want to find real ham radio
terminal programs with split-screen and
typeahead buffers, etc., to operate Kantron-
ics UTU-XT/ P and other TNCs.
David Johnstone
19 Margerie Street
Torrington, CT 06790
• I'm looking for pen pals who love the
CoCo as much as I do. I have a 64K CoCo
with disk drives and cassette.
John Colburn
604 Maple Street
Rossville, GA 30741
• If you love your CoCo, games of all types
and the rainbow, please write to me.
Raymond Lueders
1341 Sea Biscuit Lane
Hanover Park, I L 60 103
• I am 16 years old and I am looking for
someone who is interested in games, Simu-
8 THE RAINBOW June 1987
500
POKEs,
PEEKs,
'N
EXECs
FOR THE TRS-80 COCO
NEVER BEFORE has this infor-
mation of vital significance to a
programmer been so readily
available to everyone. This book
will help you GET UNDERNEATH
THE COVER' of the Color Com-
puter and develop your own HI-
QUALITY Basic and ML pro-
grams. SO WHY WAIT??
This 80-page book includes
POKES, PEEKs and EXECs to:
★ Autostart your basic programs
★ Disable Color Basic/ ECB/ Disk
Basic commands like LIST,
LL1ST, POKE, EXEC, CSAVE(M),
DEL, EDIT, TRON, TROFF,
PCLEAR, DLOAD, RENUM, PRIMT
USiriQ, D1R, KILL, SAVE, LOAD.
MERQE, RENAME, DSKIMI,
BACKUP, DSKI$, and DSKO$.
★ Disable BREAK KEY, CLEAR KEY
and RESET BUTTON.
Generate a Repeat-key.
Transfer ROMPAKS to tape (For
64K only).
Speed Up your programs.
Reset, MOTOR OH/OFF from
keyboard.
Recover Basic programs lost by
MEW,
Set 23 different
QRAPHIC/SEMIQRAPrilC modes
Merge two Basic programs.
AMD MUCH MUCH MORE! 1 1
COMMANDS COMPATIBLE WITH
16 K/32 K/64 hj COLOR BASIC/ ECB/ DISK
BASIC SYSTEMS and CoCo 1. 2, fltf 3.
ONLY $16.95
★
★
★
★
★
★
$9.95
200 additional Pokes, Peeks' n Execs to
give you MORE PROGRAMMING POWER
Includes commands for
• Rompak Transfer Jo disk
• PAINT with 65000 styles!
• Use of 40 track single/double sided drives with variable
step- rales
• Nigh-Speed Cassette Operation
• Telewriter 64®, Edtasm+® and CoCo Max*
Enhancements
• Graphics Dumpjfor DMP printers) & Text Screen Dump
• AND MUCH MUCH MORE!
• 50D POKES, PEEKS N EXECS Is a prerequisite
^&300 POKES
PEEKS 'N EXECS
FOR THE COCO III
Get more POWER for your CoCo
• 40/80 Column Screen Text Dump
• Save Text/Graphics Screens to Disk
• Command/Function Disables
• Enhancements for CoCo 3 Basic.
• 128k/512k Ram Test Program
• AND MANY MORE COMMANDS
ONLY $19.95
DISK TUTORIAL
(2- Disk Package) ^ ^ j^
only $36.95
RUN COCO MAX II
On CoCo III
The kit contains software & replacement
PAL chip for 26-3024 Multipack interface
only $29.95
/jyr
MICROCOM SOFTWARE
P.O. Box 21 4
Fairport, N.Y. 14450
Phone(716) 223-1477
The CoCo Graphics Designer allows you
to create beautifully designed Greeting
Cards, Signs and Banners for holidays,
birthdays, parties, anniversaries and other
occasions. Comes with a library of pre-
drawn pictures. Also includes utilities
which allow you to create your own
character sets, borders and graphic
pictures. Requires a TRS-80 COLOR
COMPUTER I, II OR III ORTDP-100 with
a MINIMUM 0F32K, ONE DISK DRIVE
and a PRINTER compatible with DISK
BASIC 1.0/1.1, ADOS 1.0/1.1 AND JD0S.
Supports the following printers: EPSON
RX/FX, GEMINI 10X/SG-10, NX-10,
C-ltoh 8510, DM P-1 00/1 05/400/430,
SEIKOSHAGP-100/250. LEGEND 808
and GORILLA BANANA.
DISK ONLY $29.95
PICTURE DISK #1
This disk includes OVER 100 pre-drawn
pictures for use with the CoCo Graphics
Designer.
DISK ONLY $14.95
512K UPGRADE
ForCoCOIII. Fast 120ns chips.
Easy installation - no soldering.
Fully Tested.
Includes Complete Documentation,
512K RAM TEST program on DISK.
ONLY $99.95
Upgrade w/o chips $44.95
51 2K RAM DISK: ONLY $24.95
COCO DISK ZAPPED
A
T tUn
Are you frustrated with crashed disks? If
so, this program can save hours of labor by
restoring completeor part of the information
from the disk. If s indespensable!
Requires minimum 32 K/64 K disk system
CoCo1,2&3 ONLY $24.95
VISA, MC, Am Ex, Check, M0. Please add $3.00 shipping and handling (USA &
CANADA, other countries $5.00) COD add $2.50 extra NYS residents pleas e add
Sales Tax. Immediate shipmenL Dealer inquiries invited. g
MottorCord
Call Toll Free (For Orders) 1 -800-654-5244 9 am- 9 pm est 7 days a week
Except NY. For information, technical information, NY orders & after-hours 1 -71 6-223-1 477
lations and Adventures. I have a 64K CoCo
2, disk drives and a modem. ~ , ~ ,.
bred babi
1513 N. Franklin Street
Litchfield, IL 62056
• 1 have started the Trading Post pen pal
club. Yearly fee is $5. It includes a monthly
newsletter and a library with many, many
programs for trading. Just be willing to write
with hints and tips, and maybe send some
of your programs to trade. j onn Licata
5114 Roberta Lane
Richlon Park, 1L
• I am looking for pen pals all around the
world. 1 enjoy programming with my 64K
CoCo 2, printer, disk drive and cassette.
Charles Baum
1116 West 39th Place
Hobart, IN 46342
• 1 would like to correspond with rainbow
readers in the south Louisiana area. I have
a CoCo 2, disk drive, cassette and modem.
Tommy LtFleur
5021 Airline Hwy. $24
Metairie, LA 70004
• 1 am almost 1 3 years old and in the seventh
grade. I have a 64K CoCo, disk drive,
cassette and a DMP-105. 1 love arcade
games and Adventures.
Robbie Fink
128 Woolens Road
Elkton, MD 21921
• I am looking for a pen pal with an active
imagination to co-author Adventure pro-
grams. For more information, please send
an SASE. _ , ^
Carl Foote
16 Johnson Street
Sanford, ME 04073
• I would like to write to people of any age
and from any country. My system includes
CoCo 2 and 3, SSDD drive, modem, Gemini
10X printer and phone accountant. 1 want
to buy a used SSDD drive or DSDD system.
Mike Lowe
2093 Candlewood
Charlotte, Ml 48813
• Anyone interested in joining the CoCo
Nuts pen pal club, please write. Different
programs will be exchanged each month,
and a newsletter will be available beginning
in ApriL Paul White
Rt. 5, Box 379
Fulton, MO 65251
• 1 am 13 years old and would like to have
pen pals. I have a 64K CoCo, disk drive,
cassette, modem, a CGP-I 15 and a DMP-
105 printer, and the Speech/ Sound Car-
tnC ^ e ' Chuck Rice
21 Mountain Terrace
Asheville, NC 28806
• I am looking for a pen pal. I would prefer
a Canadian or British pen pal, but all are
welcome. I am a big Dr. Who fan and I have
an interest in Star Trek.
Sherman Young 111
185 Mount Carmel Road
Asheville, NC 28806
• There is a new pen pal listing newsletter
for CoCo users called CoCo Scribe Maga-
zine. 1 have recently moved, so if you sent
a letter to my old address and it was re-
turned, please try again. ^
1658 Idelwild Drive
Reno, NV 89509
• 1 am looking for pen pals in the NYC area
for P-51 partner. 1 would like pen pals from
all over. I have a CoCo 2, modem and disk.
Richard Craig
89-25 Parsons Blvd.
Jamacia, NY 11432
• 1 am 17 years old and 1 have a CoCo 2,
disk drive, cassette, modem and a DMP-
105. T am an avid gamer and have a huge
library of software. I'm also interested in
BASIC and assembly programming, and
astronomy. ~ D ,
J Dan Bow den
4866 Wild wood Drive
North Bend, OR 97459
• 1 am 14 years old and want a pen pal. I
have a CoCo 2, multipack, disk drive,
cassette, DMP-105, modem and lots of
& ames - Dino Di En no
715 South Hutchinson Street
Philadelphia, PA 19147
• As author of CoCo Bright [February
1987, Page 49], 1 would like to correspond
with other machine language programmers.
You can write to me at P.O. Box 100087,
37210
David C. Billen
Nashville, TN
• Before I discovered THE rainbow, I felt
like 1 was the only CoCo owner in the world.
Now 1 feel like the only one in Houston! If
there's anyone out there, please write!
Francisco Rios
4102 Lufborough Drive
Houston, TX 77066
• 1 am 15 years old. My system is a 64K
CoCo I with two disk drives, a DMP-105
and a modem. I am interested in learning
OS-9 and machine language.
Corrie Bender
11216 SE 235th Place
Kent, WA 98031
• I would enjoy having pen pals who have
experience with the CoCo and like computer
languages. 1 would like to hear from Seventh
Day Adventists and others who have a
CoCo. 1 am 25 years old. „
J Ernie Bennett
Route 2, Box 158- A
Beckley, WV 25801
• I would like to have Polish-speaking pen
pals from all over the world who share an
interest in the CoCo and in swapping infor-
mation. I have a 64K CoCo 2 with cassette,
stacks of rainbow and lots of programs.
Tom as z Szafraniec
3/14 Ridley Street
Albion VIC, Australia 3020
• 1 would like a pen pal in Belgium, the
Netherlands, Great Britain, Germany or
other European countries.
Rudi Bosschaerts
Weerstandsplein 7
B2510 Mortsel, Belgium
• I'm Brazilian and I have a 64K ECB CoCo
with one disk drive, a modem and a printer.
I would like to correspond with other CoCo
owners around the world.
Frank Costa Barbosa Hudson
Rua Constantino Pale la, 26/601
CEP 36100 - Juiz de Fora - MG
Brazil
• 1 would like to correspond with other
CoCo nuts out there. n . , ,
Rick Normandeau
P.O. Box 6932
Wetaskiwin, Alberta
Canada IV A 2G5
• 1 am 12 years old and a CoCo user. I'm
looking for pen pals between the ages of 18
t0 ' Dean Sheppard
P.O. Box 117
Lewisporte, Newfoundland
Canada AOG 3 AO
• I am a game collector and would like to
have more. If you would like to trade games,
please write. n . .
v D.A. Heisz
Roaches Line, Newfoundland
Canada AO A 1 WO
• I have a 64K CoCo 2 with cassette re-
corder, and I am interested in finding pen
pa ' S ' Deny Wilson
131 Leeville Drive
Box 1393
Assiniboia, Saskatchewan
Canada SOH 0B0
• I'm looking for a Canadian pen pal. I am
13 years old and have a CoCo 3, DMP-105
printer and a disk drive. , „ .
Ian Boisverl
P.O. Box 259
Burslall, Saskatchewan
Canada SON OHO
• I am 14 years old and have a CoCo 2,
cassette and a Speech/Sound Pak. 1 am
looking for a Canadian pen pal.
Randy Pekar
Box 7, Site I
Yorklon, Saskatchewan
• 1 want to get in touch with any Dragon
or Tandy users wanting to swap informa-
lion, games, etc. S J
15 St. Stephen Road
Penketh, Nr. Warrington
Cheshire, England WA5 2AN
• 1 am looking for pen pals all over the
WOr ^' Werner Daniel Slreidl
8 Hassan Sabry Street c/o GTZ
Zamalek, Cairo
Egypt
the rainbow welcomes letters to the
editor. Mail should be addressed to: Letters
to Rainbow, TheFalsoft Building, P.O. Box
385, Prospect, KY 40059. Letters should
include the writer's full name and address.
Letters may be edited for purposes of clarity
or to conserve space.
Letters to the editor may also be sent to
us through our Delphi CoCo SIG. From the
CoCo SIG> prompt, type RRI to take you
into the Rainbow Magazine Services area of
the SIG. At the RAINBOW> prompt, type
LET to reach the LETTERS> prompt and
then select Letters for Publication. Be sure
to include your complete name and address.
10 THE RAINBOW June 1987
UTILITIES/BOOKS
MUG Mj
UTILITY ROUTINES for the
TANDY &TRS-80 COCO (Vol 1)
• COMMAND KEYS • CURSOR STYLES • ERROR SKIP
• PULL LENGTH ERRORS • KEY CLICKER
• REPEAT KEY • REVERSE VIDEO (Green & Red)
SPOOLER • SUPER SCROLLER • TAPE-TO-DISK
• AND MUCH MUCH MORE III
For 16 K/32 K/64 K Cassette or Disk Systems,
CoCo 1 , 2 & 3 BOOK $19.95
ROUTINES ON CAS/DISK:$24.95
BOTH BOOK AND CAS or DISK: $36.95
UTILITY ROUTINES (Volume II)
Includes 20 oft- used utilities such as;
• PAINT with 65000 styles
• Add SUPERSCRIPTS to your DMP printer
• Design your own commandsl • Programming Clock
• Fast Sort for Basic Strings • CoCo Calculator
• Create a character set (or your DMP printer
• Find/ Replace phrases in your Basic Program
• Lei the computer locate your errorsl
• Super EDITing Basic Programs
• Automatic Directory Backup • And much much morel
64 K DISK ONLY $29.95
UTILITY BONANZA I
Includes 20 best-selected utilities:
• 40 K Disk Basic • Disk Cataloger
• Super Tape-to-Oisk Copy (with Automatic Relocate)
• LList Enhancer • X-Ref for Basic Programs
• Graphics Typesetter (two text slzeslj
• LARGE DMP Graphics Dump • Basic Stepper
• Hidden 3ZK |Use the' hidden" 32 K lromyour64K CoCo)
• RAM Disk (for Cassette & Disk Users)
• Single Key Printer Text Screen Dump
• And much, much more!!!
Most programs compatible with CoCo 3
DISK(64K ReoJ ONLY $29.95
"MUST" BOOKS
UNRAVELLED SERIES: These books provide a
complete annotated listing of the
BASIC/EDB and DISK ROMs.
EXTENDED COLOR BASIC UNRAVELLED: $39.95
DISK BASIC UNRAVELLED: S19.95
BOTH UN RAVELLED BOOKS: $49.95
SUPER ECB (CoCo3) UNRAVELLED: $24.95
ALL 3 UNRAVELLED BOOKS: S59.95
RAINBOW GUIDE TO OS-9 (Book): S1B.95
RAINBOW GUIDE TO OS-9 (2 Disks): $29.00
BASIC PROGRAMMING TRICKS: Tips and tricks for Basic
Programmers Only $14.95
CoCo 3 SECRETS REVEALED: $19.95
ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE PROGRAMMING*: $16.00
ALL SOFTWARE COMPATIBLE WITH COCO 1, 2 & 3
(Except those marked with *)
SUPER TAPE/DISK
TRANSFER
• Disk- to- Disk Copy (1-3 passes)
• Tape- to- Disk Copy
• Tape-to- Disk Automatic Relocate
• Disk-to-Tape Copy
• Tape- to- Tape Copy
Copies Basic/ ML programs and DATA files
CoCo 1, 2 & 3 32 K Disk System
(Disk to Disk Copy requires 64 K)
DISK ONLY
$24.95
CABLES/HARDWARE
AWATEX MOD EM: Hayes compatible
300/1200 Baud, Auto- Dial/ Answer/ Redial.
ONLY $129.95
MODEM CABLE: $19.95
DS-69B DIGISECTOR: Microworks Digitizer
for CoCo 1, 2 & 3. Includes software.
ONLY $149.95
VIDEO CLEAR: Reduce TV interference.
ONLY $19.95
15' PRINTER/MODEM EXTENDER CABLE:
ONLY $16.95
UNIVERSAL VIDEO DRIVER: Use your
monochrome or color monitor with your
CoCo (ALL CoCos). Includes audio
connection. Easy installation - no
soldering. ONLY $29.95
INTRONICS EPROM PROGRAMMER; Best
EPROM Programmer for the CoCo.
Lowest Price Anywhere - $1 37.95.
RS232 Y CABLE: Hook 2 devices to the
serial port ONLY $18.95.
3-P0SITI0N SWITCHER:
Select any one of three RS232 devices
(printers/modems) from the serial port
ONLYS37.95
Y CAB LE: Use your Disk System with CoCo
Max, DS69, etc. ONLY $24.95
SERIAL TO PARALLEL INTERFACE: With 6
switch selectable baud rates (300-9600)
Comes with all cables. $44.95
OTHER SOFTWARE...
Telewriters (Cos) $47.95 (Dsk) 57.95
Teleform: Mail Merge for TW-64® 1 9.95
Telepatch III 29.95
Graf Plot 44.95
CoCo Max (Cos)* 67.95
CoCo Max II (Dsk)* 77.95
FKEYS III 24.95
Autoterm Terminal Prog (Cas) 29.95
(Latest Version) ( Dsk) 39.95
Font Bonanza 29.95
SPIT ' N IMAGE: Makes a mirror image
(BACKUP) of ANY disk, even protected ones.
Will also initialize and BACKUP in one pass.
ONLY $32.95
COCO UTIL II (Latest Version): Transfer CoCo
Disk files to IBM compatible computer.
Transfer MS-DOS files to CoCo.
CoCo 1, 2 & 3 ONLY $36.95
EARS: Speech recognition system.
ONLY $99.95
SUPER VOICE: Speech synthesizer.
ONLY $79.95
LYRA: Best music composition program.
ONLY $54.95
SYMPHONY 12: A real hardware music
synthesizer. ONLY $69.95
ADOS: Advanced disk operating system.
ONLY $27.95, CoCo 3: $34.95
DISK ANTI- PIRATE: Best copyprotection
program for disk Basic and ML programs.
CoCo1,2&3 ONLY $59.95
COLOR SCRIBE III: The Coco 3 Word-
Processor
ONLY $49.95
GAMES (DISK ONLY)
GANTELET: $28.95
MISSION F-16 ASSAULT: $28.95
MARBLE MAZE: $28.95
PAPER ROUTE: $28.95
KNOCK OUT: $28.95
KARATE: $28.95
WRESTLE MANIAC: $28.95
BOUNCING BOULDERS: $28.95
THE GATES OF DELIRIUM: $38.95
P-51 MUSTANG SIMULATION: $34.95
WORLDS OF FLIGHT: $34.95
JhJF
MICROCOM SOFTWARE
P.O. Box 214
Fairport, N.Y. 14450
Phone (71 6) 223-1477
To order All orders $50 & above shipped byZnd day Air UPS with no extra charge. Last minute shoppers
can benefit VISA, MC, Am Ex, Check, MO. Please add $3.00 shipping and handling
(USA& CANADA other countries $5.00) CODadd$2.50 extra NYS residents please add
Sales Tax. Immediate shipment Dealer inquiries invited.
Call Toll Free (For Orders) 1-800-654-5244 9 AM -9 PM EST 7 days a week
Except NY. For information, technical information, NY orders & after-hours 1-71 6-223-1477,
A CoCo 3 Catalyst
I am just home from the largest and most successful RAINBOWfest
ever — the one in Chicago, April 10-12. And, while we were certainly
pleased by the crowds, the success of virtually all the booths, the
seminars and the reception of our live CoCo Cat mascot, the biggest
thing at the show, for me and many others, I believe, was the happy,
smiling, excited faces of those who attended!
In his report on Delphi, Marty Goodman (who graciously pinch-hit
as breakfast speaker for Greg Zumwalt who was called away from the
show at the last minute) ended several pages of copy with this phrase:
"The CoCo Lives!"
Credit much of this to CoCo 3 — which, for the first time, saw third-
party software at a RAINBOWfest — but, also, to a new infusion of
interest and enthusiasm for CoCo 1 and 2, as well. RAINBOWfest
proved, I think, to all there, that the CoCo 3 is, indeed, a catalyst not
only f or itself, but the entire CoCo Community. In fact, Color Computer
2s sold out at the show.
How come this happened? My analysis is pretty simple. We had a good
show last fall in New Jersey, but it came only a couple of weeks after
the CoCo 3 was available. Consequently, there were CoCo 3s available
there and a lot of interest — but no product. RAINBOWfest-Chicago
was the first time products were available in any quantity. And, judging
from the success of the products that were there, you'll see even more
in Princeton — at our fall Test.
Interestingly, here is a parallel. This time, OS-9 Level II has been out
only a short time. By the time you get to Princeton, developers and
programmers will have had several months to work with it. I think those
of you who attend the October RAINBOWfest will see some startling
things.
But the really good thing about the RAINBOWfest was the enthusiasm
and interest in the CoCo in general — be it the Is, 2s or 3s. Yes, Marty,
CoCo does live! And it will be living for a long time to come.
I expect the Princeton RAINBOWfest will be larger even than this
Chicago show. I look forward to seeing you there.
June 1987
PAY ONLY FOR WHAT YOU WANT
( OVER 100 UTILITIES TO CHOOSE FROM )
40k Basic for Cassette Programs*
40K for Disk Programs*
Alphabetize your disk directory
Appointment Calendar
ASCII File Scrambler
ASCII file utility
Automatic Disk Backup*
Automatic Cassette Saver
Automatic Disk Saver
Automatic Directory Backup*
Banner Maker
Basic Program Autostart for cassette
Base converter
Basic Program Line Copy Utility
Basic Search
Bowling Score Keeper
Calendar Maker (DMP Printers)
Cassette Label Maker (DMP Printers)
Clock for Programming
Computerized Checkbook
CoCo Base (different CoCo Products)
CoCo Calculator
Design your own Commands
Disk Cataloger
Basic Program Encryptor
Disk Label Maker
DMP Character Set Editor
DMP Superscripts
Enhanced Basic *
Enhanced KILL
Enhanced TRON/TROFF
Error Locator
Fast Sort for Basic Strings
Function Keys
Gemini/Epson Graphics Dump
Gradebook for teachers
Graphics Compression
Graphics Lettering (2 sizes)
Graphics Shifter
Graphics Screen Zoom
Home Bill Manager
10 Data Monitor
Inverse Highlighting
Keystroke Saver
Large DMP Graphics Dump
Last Command Repeater
Line Cross Reference
LIST/DIR Pause
Mailing List (Disk Only)
ML/Basic Merge
Memory Monitor
Message Animator
Metric Conversions
ML to DATA Convertor
Multiple Choice Test Maker
Numeric Keypad
ON BREAK GOTO command
ON RESET GOTO command
Phone Directory (Disk Only!)
Printer-to-Screen
Printer Tutorial
Program Packer (Basic Pro's)
Purchase Order Maker
RAM Disk for Cassette*
RAM Disk 2 (Cas & Disk)*
RAM Test *
Replace Phrases (Basic)
Restore lost cas Basic pro's
ROM Switcher * i
Sign Maker
Single Stepper
Slow Motion
Speedup Tutorial
Super INPUT/LINEINPUT
Super Command Keys
Super Editor
Super Paint (65000 styles)*
Super Repeat Key
TAB/SHIFT-LOCK keys
Tape Encryption
Tape Index System
Text Screen Dump
Title Screen Creator
UNKILL KILLed Disk pro's
Variable Cross Reference
VCR Tape Organizer
All programs available on disk only. More than one program will be sent on the same disk.
Documentation included. Please add $1.00 S&H. NYS residents add sales tax. All programs
compatible. with CoCo 1,2,3. Programs marked with * are compatible with CoCo 1 & 2 only.
EACH PROGRAM - $9.00 2 PROGRAMS - $16.00 3 PROGRAMS - $21.00
4-PROGRAMS - $24.00 5 OR MORE - $5.00 EACH
jm !■ MICROCOM SOFTWARE Toorder AU ordvrsSSO & mtvi sklppa^ ty 2ii day Air U PS Witt ■■ titn ckir|i. Lastmmute shoppers
JmmJg P.O. Box 214 can benefit VISA MC. Am Ex. Check. M0. Please add $100 shipping and handling
^M™' Falrport, N. Y. 14450 (USA& CANADA other countries $5 00) COD add $2.50 extra NYS residents pleaseadd |J|||
Phon# (71 6) 223- 1 477 Sales Tax InniJIiti iklpnnt Oealer inquiries invited ^jjjjf
OB
V7S*
Call Toll Free (For Orders) 1-800-654-5244 9 am-9pm est 1 days a week
Exceot NY. For infp nation, technical information, NY orders & after- hours 1-71 6-223.-1477
"Dale Puckett and
Peter Dibble are hard
at work writing this
all-encompassing
Guide, which will
lead you step-by-step
in the use and
operation of OS-9
Level II."
* * *
Two interesting things will happen
next month that aredeserving of your
attention.
First, we will be taking advance
orders for The Complete Rainbow
Guide to OS~9 Uvel II. Pale Puckett
and Peter Dibble are hard at work
writing this all-encompassing Guide,
which will lead you step-by-step in the
use and operation of OS-9 Level 11.
The Guide will be less technical than
The Complete Rainbow Guide to OS-
9 that we published a couple of years
ago. It is a must buy.
We will sell the Guide on an ad-
vance purchase basis only. We expect
it to be shipped in mid-August, and
details on how to order will be in next
month's (Sixth Anniversary Issue)
magazine. I know you'll have to hurry
to order it, but we want to get it to the
printer as quickly as possible.
In addition, next month's issue will
carry a nomination ballot for a Color
Computer Hall of Fame, which we
plan to inaugurate either at
R AINBOWfest-Princeton or nex!
year's Chicago show. This will be
done, most likely, at a dress-up dinner
and, I think, it is something long
overdue.
We want you to be a part of the Hall
of Fame, so we will be asking for
nominations and, later, for ballots
based on the nominations. Prelimi-
nary nominations were made by those
who attended the Chicago show.
There are a few rules. First, of
course, there will be a deadline. And,
second, we will require a name, ad-
dress and telephone number on each
nomination. That is because you can
only make one nomination. We don't
want anyone to "stuff" the ballot box.
This is an exciting prospect and as
soon as we have some details about
the actual induction banquet, I'll let
everyone know. In the meantime, in
the true tradition of the CoCo Com-
munity, please be thinking of who you
would like to nominate so that you
can return the form quickly next
month.
Lastly, we do have a surprise for
you next month in our Anniversary
Issue. I think you'll like it. Stay tuned !
— L onnie Falk
Hardware
Communications
for your Computer
300/1200 baud
1 Year Warranty
S109.00
[Modem S. Cable]
300/1200 baud Fully Hayes
compatible
Modem - 2 Year Warranty
S1S9.00
[Modem S. Cable]
I
I
THE OTHER GUYS
55 North Main Street
■ ■ Suite 3010
PO Box H
Logan Utah 84321
'KEEP-TRAK 1 General Ledger Reg. $69.95— Only $39.95
"Double-Entry 11 General Ledger Accounting System for home or business 16k,
3?k, 64k. User-friendly, menu-driven. Pr-ograrn fpRtures balance sheec, income 8.
expense statement: (current Si YTD'], journal, ledger. B9P accounts f 2350 entries on
32k S 64k [710 accounts S entries on 1 SkJ (disk only] Version 1 P has screen printc its
Rainbow Revew 1 1 - 9/R4 1 2-4/85
"OMEGA FILE" Reg. $69.95 — OIMLY $24.95
Filing data base File any information with Omega File Records can have up to 1 6 fields
with 255 characters per field (4080 characters/record] Sort, match & print any field
User friendly menu driven. Manual included [32k/64k disk only]
Rainbow Review 3/85. Hot CoCo 1 0/85
BOB'S MAGIC GRAPHIC MACHINE
Can generate BASIC code to use in your programs Easy drawing and manipulation of
circles eJipses. boxes, lines and ARCS Single joystick operation with on lme HELPS at all
times Allows text on the graphics screen & movement of objects on the screen. Can be
used as a stand-alone graphics editor Instruction Manual GRAPHICS EDITOR. REG.
S39. 95— ONLY 524 95 for disk or tape 64k ECB
Rainbow Review 7/85, Hot CoCo 9/85 'The graphics bargain of the year"
'KEEP-TRAK' Accounts Receivable.
Features auto interest calculation auto ageing of accounts, installment sales, total due
sales, explanation space as long as you need detailed statements. 'KEEP-TRAK' General
Ledger tie in account number checking, credit limit checking & more User friendlv/menu
driven. Includes manual S39.95 or $49*95 General Ledger & Accounts Receivables
[Disk Only]
1 yJ XOCO WINDOWS'
With hi-res character display and window generator. Features an enhanced key board
[klicks] and 10 programmable function keys Allows the user to create multiple windows
from basic Includes menu driven printer setup and auto line numbering Four function
calculator withmemory The above options can be called anytime while running or writing
in BASIC APPLE PLILL YOUR DRAPES YOU DON'T WANT TO SEE THIS S 24.95 [disk
or tape] includes manual. •
(BOD 753 7R20
(BOO) 942-9402
[Add $3,QQ for postage S handling]
CO.D., Money Order, Check in U.S. Funds [Pleaae specify if JG.IV1
controller)
I
I
14 THE RAINBOW June 1987
DISKMASTER . . . THE ULTIMATE DISK DRIVE
SYSTEMS FOR THE OS-9 BASED COCO 3 BAR NONE ! !
COCO 3 + OS-9 + DISKMASTER
THE HIGHEST PERFORMANCE
PERSONAL COMPUTER
AVAILABLE TODAY!
THE DISKMASTER SYSTEM . . . A Completely Integrated System with HARDWARE AND
SOFTWARE COMPATIBILITY GUARANTEED from a Single Source. In addition to Single Source Confidence and Convenience,
you will get a Disk System that has NO EQUAL in the COCO World 1 Thp Floppy Drives are the High Density (IBM-AT) Types with
over 1 MB of Storage and TWICE THE DATA TRANSFER RATE of Single or Double Density Drives. Using these High Speed
Drives is almost like using a Hard Disk. PLUS ... A FIRST FOR COCO COMPUTERS! DMA transfer of Data from the
Floppy Disk to a SEPARATE HARDWARE DISK CACHE frees up the CPU during Disk Accesses. The Keyboard. Printer etc
KEEP ON WORKING DURING DISK ACCESSES!
The Hard Disk Drives are 3 1/2" Drives with the SCSI INTERFACE These are the Next Generation of Hard Drives where the
Industry has Concentrated the Latest Inovations in Hard Drive Technology The SCSI INTERFACE is THE High Performance
Industry Standard for these type of Drives. No Non-Standarcl Interfaces used here 1 The Software is by D. P. JOHNSON His
SDISK Software set the Standard for 40 & 80 track Disk Drive Software for the COCO 2. This Unique Software allows
DISKMASTER Systems to read 35, 40. or 80 Track Single or Double Sided. Single, Double or High Density Drives in Radio
Shack. Standard OS-9, Fujitsu or Mizar Formats'
For Maximum Performance: add the plus 100
The PREMIER 512K Memory Expansion for the COCO 3
Save $20.00 off the regular price of $1 09.00 when purchased
with a DISKMASTER System.
PLUS!!!
Each DISKMASTER System
includes the following additiona
features . . .
• 3 Software Selectable Hardware Serial Ports with
XMODE and special SETBAUD Commands
• Centronics Compatible Bi-Directional Parallel Port
• Super Accurate Hardware Clock (+/- 6 seconds/month)
with Battery Backup
• Hard Disk Boot Capability
• Expansion Connector for additional Floppy Drives
• Optional 0,5 MB, 1 MB or 1.5 MB RAMDISK
THINK ABOUT IT . . . The Unsightly,
Cumbersome and Unreliable Expansion Interface is
Eliminated. NOW compare cost Purchasing an Expansion
Interface and numerious cards from various suppliers
results in a system that costs about the same as a
DISKMASTER SYSTEM but doesn't even begin to compare
to it in performance'
HEMPHILL ELECTRONICS, INC.
1922 Cogswell Road
South El Monte, CA 91733
(818) 575-4530
(Mon. Ihru Thurs., 1:30 to 5:30 PM Pacific Time)
CC3-1 2 1MB Floppy Drives
CC3-20H 1MB Floppy + 20MB Hard Drive
RAMDISK Options Call Factory
$ 795.00
$1,295.00
TANDY
TWI
□
2*
30^
25-105^
£5<
2&-
1 022
^0
5 C^ of
T
360K Otwe 5
25 .4070
25-
26
1^
LO-
CO*
□QUULJ r r.s, \, J ■■ ,
^^^^ ^ _
BUILDING JUNE'S RAINBOW
CoCo Community Breakfast with Marty . . .
a smorgasbord of RAINBOWfest seminars
. . . and an a la carte feast in our exhibit hall
RAINBOWfest-Chicago, April 10-12, saw the emergence of new faces, new
products, new excitement and new optimism about the Color Computer
Community. We just got back last night from the fifth annual show in the
Windy City and can report a good time was had by all!
The keynote of the show was sounded by Dr. Martin H. Goodman. Well-known
for his outspokenness, as well as expertise, Marty graciously consented at the
eleventh hour to deliver the CoCo Community Breakfast address when scheduled
speaker Greg Zumwalt was called away from the show. Sharing the dais with the
"CoCo establishment/ 1 including Dale Puckett, Bill Barden and Tandy's own Ed
Juge, maverick Marty maintained his patented "independent perspective" as he
provided an upbeat review of the CoCo's past and forecast a similar development
cycle for the CoCo 3. He praised Tandy's openness in making technical information
available to users and was most optimistic about the future. "OS-9 will really
unlock the power of the CoCo 3," predicted Marty, adding, "We should expect
a long life for the CoCo 3, just as we are seeing with the earlier CoCo. 11 In summary,
Marty echoed the sentiment that prevailed at the show: We've come a long way
and we're still gathering speed.
With the physique and the red suspenders of a fireman, Peter Dibble, co-author
of The Complete Rainbow Guide to OS-9, made his RAINBOWfest debut. It was
standing room only in his, and several other, seminars. Peter discussed the new
OS-9 Level II.
Another well-attended seminar concerned CoCo 3 graphics. Erik Gavriluk and
Greg Miller fielded questions about their new Color Max 3 graphics editor, which
was one of the mostexcitingnew products available at the show — until Computize
was sold out!
While CoCo Catdid not hold a seminar, THE rainbow's furry feline has a sore
paw from shaking hands, claims to be "hugged out,' 1 and gives life-saver credit
to a concealed, battery-operated fan. In addition to serving as official greeter,
CoCo Cat led f ans to the Educational Sand box, where youngsters and their parents
were given a hands-on introduction to the Color Computer by Tandy-trained
experts.
The exhibit hall was the usual beehive with Radio Shack, and others, "blowing
out" all sorts of software. We saw at least one copy of BAStC09 go for 50 cents,
but couldn't find another in the "half-buck box. "There were hundreds of Speech/
Sound Paks available for $19.95 and almost 300 grinning R AINBOWfesters
carried off CM-3 composite color monitors for $99.95 each!
Brand new products included The WIZ, a full-featured terminal program that
uses the windowing capability of OS-9 Level II. It was available in the Frank Hogg
Laboratory booth.
HJL introduced the Softswitch, a novel printer switcher that can be toggled
manually or through keyboard control.
Tom Mix had two new games. RAINBOW had two new books. Others had new
utilities, new hardware and new enthusiasm generated by the big crowd that turned
out to seek, and find, bargains in the exhibit hall, to listen, and learn, at the
seminars and to celebrate, with each other, that special feeling of CoCo
Community.
If you'd like to join the growing CoCo Community, we promise our subscribers
we'll send THE RAINBOW "welcome wagon" by your house each month with all
the CoCo news and views, so you'll be ready for our October-fest, in Princeton,
New Jersey, this fall!
— Jim Reed
16 THE RAINBOW June 1987
lSee our other ads
on pages 67 & v>
CoCoUE
Products!
• SECRETS REVEALED
An introduction to the Color Computer III that compares the
differences between the CoCo I/II and the NEW CoCo III. Includes:
GIME chip specs, CoCo II to CoCo III converter, CoCo III memory
map and a 128K/512K RAM test. "Offers some very good information
to pxograimiera ." - Rainbow Review Feb '87 $19.95
• C III GRAPHICS
f Buy 'em both
^ for $29.95
A drawing program for the CoCo III using the new Enhanced graphic
features: 320x192 graphics, 16 of any 64 colors, plus the ability
to Save and Load 32K screens. "Paint p retty pictures on the
CpCo3." - Rainbow Review Dec '86 $19.95
INSIDE
OS9 LEVEL II
With over 100+ pages, it is a must BOOK
for ANYONE interested in LEVEL II. Has
FTXES for KNOWN BUGS, how to convert a
$29.95 ROGUE disk into a WORKABLE LEVEL
II disk, WTNDCWS, tips, tricks and many
things that TANDY left out!!] $39.95
WIZ - L EV. II Terminal program w/ windows
Req. 51 2K CoCoIII & R5-232 PAK $79. 9b
^ COLOR MAX III - The CoCo III CoCo Max
It's here! Ine CoCoIII BREAKTHROUGH PRODUCT everyone was waiting for! 320x200 graphics , pull down menus, icons
16 of any 64 colors , RGB support . Req. 128K CoCoIII DISK & Hi -Res Joystick interface, (Specify printer ) $59.95
• COCO III UNRAVELLED - It's here !!!
Provides a COMPLETE DISASSEMBLY of the new code in the CoCo Ill's ROM ! ! ! (Over 100 pages! ) $29.95
• ELITEWORD 80 - #1 COCO III Word Processor
The third generation CoCo Word Processor is here! All the powerful features, advantages and benefits of
r iteWord plus 40 /W column display formats for the CoCo III . Available only from Spectrum Projects! $79-95
Special word processing package of EliteWord and EliteSpeT~for $99.95 (see Rainbow Review March '87 page 134)
• FKEYS III - Function Keys for the COCO
A productivity enhancement that gives you the capability to add t wenty (20) pre-defined functions to the CoCo
III by using the CTL, Fl and F2 keys] $24.95 "Get more from your keyboard with FKEYS III "(4/87 Rainbow Review )
• 51 2K UPGRADE (NOW $79.95*) kmclsM i
Easy installation with a superior design for a reliable upgrade, processing efficiency and AVAILABLE WOW for
tHe CoCo III1 (» $79.95 when purchased with our 512K RAM DISK program for $19.95) A 512K upgrade without RAM
chips $39.95 - Ine lowest upgrade prices in the Rainbow magazine, period!!! Why pay $119, $139 or more???
• RGB PATCH - No more BLACK & WHITE dots ...
Did you buy an expensive RGB monitor ( CM-8 ) just so that you could see your Hi-Res arti f act ing CoCo 2 games in
BLACK & WHITE ??? RGB PATCH converts most games to display in COLOR on an RGB monitor. 128K DISK $24.95
coco
FONT BONANZA - -fr -fr -fr R »« n «
Replace the ' PLAIN 1 CoCo III characters frcm a menu of INCREDIBLE fonts or create your own. 128K DISK $29.95.
NEW! ! ! FONT DISK #1 with over 25 more FONTS ! $19.95/Buy 'em both for $39.95. *(4/87 Rainbow Review )
• RGB MONITOR - Better than TANDY CM-8 !
Our monitor is much more versatile than the Tandy CM~8 ! Takes a variety of video inputs, including: RGB
Analog, Color Composite and RGB TTL. Unlike the CM-8, PMODE 4 artifact colors don't show up BLACK and WHITE
(when processed through the Color Composite input) $329.95. Magnavox 8515 w/ CoCo III cable $339.95
• PAL SWITCHER - Designed by Marty Goodman!
Have the best of both worlds by being able to switch between CoCo II and CoCo III modes when using a Multi-Pak
Interface. Req. OLDER PAL & NEW PAL chip for the 26-3024 Multi-Pak Interface $29.95/with NEW PAL chip $39.95
CoCo III 512K RAM sticker $4.99
Leve l II Quick Ref Guide $4.99
Lt^i/L" H Basic09 binder ..$9.95
CoCo ill Multipak PAL chip $19.95
Guide to CoCo III Graphics $21.95
Better Graphics on CoCoIII $24.95
CoCo III Service Manual $39.95
Video Digitizer III !! $149.95
512K CoCo ill Computer $299.95
All orders plus $3 S/H (Foreign $6) - COD add $2 extra - NYS Residents add Sales Tax
Most orders shipped from stock. Allow 1-3 weeks for processing backorders.
PQ BOX 264
HOWARD BEACH NY 11414
COCO HOT LINE 718-835-1344
CoCo Gallery
Tom LoConte
Rocky Point, New York
Tom created this vivid representation of a rocket ship on the CoCo 3 with a program
he wrote. Tom has an A.S. degree in computer science and is working on a B.S.
Honorable Mention
Saturn
Andrew Deal
Kingston, Tennessee
White Mill Creek
John Murvine
Ebensburg, Pennsylvania
Andrew created this realistic view of the second
largest planet with BASIC.
This relaxing view of a stream with the sun peeking through
the trees was created in BASIC on the CoCo 3. This is a real
creek by John's home.
1 8 THE RAINBOW June 1987
Old Mill
Floyd Keirnan
Orange, California
This picture of a mill was created with
basic and Graphicom. Floyd is a retired
electronics engineer and has had his
CoCo for over five years.
Steve created this mountainous scene with
a basic program he wrote on the CoCo 3.
Steve is currently studying computer
science at Texas State Technical Institute.
Mountain
Steve Boyer
Mart, Texas
SHOWCASE YOUR BESTI You are invited to nominate original work lor inclusion in upcoming showings of "CoCo Gallery." Share your creations with the CoCo Community! Be sure
to send a cover letter with your name, address and phone number, detailing how you created your picture (what programs you used, etc.) and how to display it. Also, please include
a few facts about yourself.
Don't send us anything owned by someone else; this means no game screens, digitized images from TV programs or material that's already been submitted elsewhere. A digitized copy
of a picture that appears in a book or magazine is not an original work.
We will award two first prizes of $25. one for (he CoCo 3 and one for the CoCo 1 and 2; one second prize of $15 and one third prize of $10. Honorable Mentions may also be given
Please send your entry on either tape or disk to the CoCo Gallery, THE RAINBOW. P.O. Box 385. Prospect, KY 40059. Remember, this is a contest and your entry will not be returned.
— Angela Kapf hammer, Curator
June 1967 THE RAINBOW 1 9
MUSIC
16K
ECB
r
2
/0J
s
Sin
#
1 fhf*
with the
Music has always been of great interest to me, and
I have written Yardbird in order to share my
interest with the CoCo Community.
Yardbird is a music program dedicated to the great
American jazz legend and improvisation genius, Charlie
Parker. He is known to the music world as "Yardbird," or
"Bird" for short, thus the name of this program. I have made
an attempt to adapt one of his most challengingand famous
compositions, "Donnalee," for the CoCo.
I am sure that CoCo enthusiasts who play an instrument
or love to listen to jazz will find this adaptation quite
interesting. Those who are not musically inclined will find
it a lot of fun just to try and hum along with the melody,
or better yet, to learn it.
Val Burke lives in Red Oak, Georgia, and has owned a
CoCo for two years. A professional musician, Val is
learning to program the computer.
x f
THE RAINBOW June 1987
The Amazing A-BUS
An A-BUS system with two Motherboards
A-BUS adapter in foreground
The A-BUS system workswiththe original CoCo,
theCoCo2 and the CoCo 3.
Abo utthe A-BUS system:
• All the A-BUS cards are very easy to use with any language that can
read or write to a Port or Memory. In BASIC, use INP and OUT (or PEEK and
POKE with Apples and Tandy Color Computers)
• They are all compatible with each other You can mix and match up to 25
cards to fit your application. Card addresses are easily set with jumpers
• A-BUS cards are shipped with power supplies (except PD-1 23} and
detailed manuals (including schematics and programming examples).
Relay Card re-i 40: $1 29
Includes eight industrial relays. (3 amp contacts. SPST) individually
controlled and latched. 8 LED's show status. Easy to use (OUT or POKE in
BASIC). Card address is jumper selectable
Reed Relay Card re-156: $99
Same features as above, but uses 8 Reed Relays to switch low level signals
(20mA max). Use as a channel selector, solid state relay driver, etc.
Analog Input Card AD-142:$129
Eight analog inputs. 0 to +5V range can be expanded to 100V by adding a
resistor 8 bit resolution (20mV). Conversion time 120us. Perfect to
measure voltage, temperature, light levels, pressure, etc Very easy to use.
1 2 Bit A/D Converter an-i 46: $1 39
This analog to digital converter is accurate to .025% Input range is — 4V to
+4V. Resolution: 1 millivolt. The on board amplifier boosts signals up to 50
times to read microvolts. Conversion time is 1 30ms. Ideal for thermocouple
strain gauge, etc. 1 channel. (Expand to 8 channels using the RE-156 card)
Digital Input Card in-i41:$59
The eight inputs are optically isolated, so it's safe and easy to connect any
"on/off" devices, such as switches, thermostats, alarm loops, etc. to your
computer To read the eight inputs, simply use BASIC INP (or PEEK).
24 Line TTL I/O dg-i48:$65
Connect 24 input or output signals (switches or any TTL device) to your
computer The card can be set for: input, latched output, strobed output,
strobed input, and/or bidirectional strobed I/O. Uses the 8255A chip
Clock with Alarm cl-144: $89
Powerful clock/calendar with: battery backup for Time, Date and Alarm
setting (time and date); built in alarm relay, led and buzzer; timing to 1 /1 00
second. Easy to use decimal format. Lithium battery included.
Touch Tone® Decoder ph-i45:$79 i
Each tone i s converted into a number which i s stored on t h e board Simply j
read the number with INP or POKE. Use for remote control projects, etc.
Plug into the future
With the A-BUS you can plug your PC (IBM, Apple,
TRS-80) into a future of exciting new applications in the fields
of control, monitoring, automation, sensing, robotics, etc.
Alpha's modular A-BUS offers a proven method to build your
"custom" system today. Tomorrow, when you are ready to take
another step, you will be able to add more functions. This is ideal for
first time experimenting and teaching.
A-BUS control can be entirely done in simple BASIC or Pascal,
and no knowledge of electronics is required!
An A-BUS system consists of the A-BUS adapter plugged into
your computer and a cable to connect the Adapter to 1 or 2 A-BUS
cards. The same cable will also fit an A-BUS Motherboard for
expansion up to 25 cards in any combination.
The A-BUS is backed by Alpha's continuing support (our 11th
year, 50000 customers in over 60 countries).
The complete set of A-BUS User's Manuals is available for $10.
RE-140
Smart Stepper Controller sc-i49-.$299
World's finest stepper controller On board microorocessor controls 4
motors simultaneously. Incredibly, it accepts plain English commands like
"Move arm 10.2 inches left". Many complex sequences can be defined as
"macros" and stored in the on board memory For each axis, you can control:
coordinate (relative or absolute), ramping, speed, step type (half. lull. wave),
scale factor, units, holding power, etc Many inputs 8 limit & "wait until"
switches, panic button, etc. On the fly reporting of position, speed etc On
board drivers (350mA) f orsmall steppers (MO- 1 03) Send for SC- 1 49 flyer
Remote Control Keypad Option RC-1 21 : $49
To control the 4 motors directly, and "teach" sequences of motions
Power Driver Board Option PD-1 23: $89
Boost controller drive to 5 amps per phase For two motors (eight drivers)
Breakout Board Option BB-1 22: $1 9
For easy connection of 2 motors. 3 ft. cable ends with screw terminal board
Stepper Motor Driver st-143: $79
Stepper motors are the ultimate in motion control. The special package
(below} includes everything you need to get familiar with them. Each card
drives two stepper motors (1 2V. bidirectional. 4 phase. 350mA per phase).
Special Package: 2 motors(MO-103) + ST-143- PA-1 81 : $99
Stepper Motors Mo-103: $isor4for$39
Pancake type. 27*" dia. V*" shaft, 7 5 c /steo. 4 phase bidirectional. 300
step/sec, 1 2V. 36 ohm, bipolar, 5 oz-in torque, same as Airpax K82701 -P2
Current Developments
Intelligent Voice Synthesizer, 14 Bit Analog to Digital converter, 4 Channel
Digital to Analog converter. Counter Timer, Voice Recognition.
A-BUS Adapters for:
IBM PC, XT. AT and compatibles. Uses one short slot
Tandy 1000, 1000 EX & SX, 1 200. 3000 . Uses one shori slot
Apple II, ll-h He. Uses any slot.
TRS-80 Model 102, 200 Plups into 40 "pin "system bus"
Model 1 00. Uses 40 pin socket. (Socket is duplicated on adapter}.
TRS-80 Mod 3.4,40. Fits 50 pin bus (Wllb hard disk, use V-cabfe)
TRS-80 Model 4 P. Includes extra cable. {50 pin bus is recessed).
TRS-80 Model I. Plugs into 40 pin \I0 bus on KB w Eih
Color Computers (Tandy).Fiis ROM sioi Muitmak. or Y-cabie
A-BUS Prototyping Card pr-152:
3V2 by 4V2 in. with power and ground bus. Fits up to 10 I. C.s
$15
mm
fi-
■ 1 1 I P 3 F 1 9
AD-142
Add S3.00 per order (or shipping.
Visa, MC, checks, M.O. welcome.
CT & NY residents add sales tax.
C.O.D. add $3.00 extra.
Canada: shipping is $5
Overseas add 10%
a Sigma Industrie s Company
242- W West Avenue, Darien, CT 06820
AR-133 ..$69
AR-133..S69
AR-134..S49
AR-136...S69
AR-135 ..$69
AR- 132 .$49
AR-137 .$62
AR-131 S39
AR-m S49 ]
A-BUS Cable (3 ft, 50 Cond.) CA-163: $24
Connects the A-BUS adapter to one A-BUS card or to first Motherboard
Special cable for two A-BUS cards: CA-1 62: $34
A-BUS Motherboard mb-i2o-.$99
Each Motherboard holds five A-BUS cards A sixth connector allows a
second Motherboard to be added to the first (with connecting cable CA-
161: $1 2). Up to five Motherboards can be |oined this way to a single A-
BUS adapter. Sturdy aluminum frame and card guides included.
• The A-BUS is not a replacement for the Multi-pak
Technical info (203) 656-1 806
8M! y 800 221-0916
Connecticut orders. (203) 348-9436
All lines open weekdays 9 to 5 Eastern time
You'll use it all the time and love using it
What isCoCo Max?
Simply the most incredible graphic
and text creation "system" you have
ever seen. A Hi-Res Input Pack (more
on the pack later) is combined with
high speed machine language
software. The result will dazzle you.
CoCo Max disk system, with Y-cable.
Is CoCo Max for you ?
Anyone who has ever held a pencil or
a crayon for fun, school or business
will love it. A 4 year-old will have fun
doodling, a 1 5 year-old will do class
projects and adults will play with it for
hours before starting useful
applications (illustrations, cards,
artwork, business graphics, flyers,
charts, memos, etc.) This is one of the
rare packages that will be enjoyed by
the whole family.
What made CoCo Max an
instant success?
First there's nothing to learn, no
syntax to worry about. Even a child
who can't read will enjoy CoCo Max.
Its power can be unleashed by simply
pointing and clicking with your
mouse or joystick. With icons and
pulldown menus, you control CoCo
Max intuitively; it works the same way
you think.
Don't be misled by this apparent
simplicity. CoCo Max has more power
than you thought possible. Its blinding
speed will astound you.
It lets you work on an area 3.5 times
the size of the window on the screen.
It's so friendly that you will easily
recover from mistakes: The undo
feature lets you revert to your image
prior to the mistake. As usual, it only
takes a single click.
Later, we will tell you about the
"typesetting" capabilities of CoCo
Max II, but first let's glance at a few of
its graphic creation tools:
With the pencil you can draw free
hand lines, then use the eraser to
make corrections or changes. For
straight lines, the convenient rubber-
banding lets you preview your lines
before they are fixed on your picture.
It's fun and accurate. Lines can be of
any width and made of any color or
texture.
The paint brush, with its 32
selectable brush shapes, will adapt to
any job, and make complicated
graphics or calligraphy simple.
For special effects, the spray can is
really fun: 86 standard colors and
textures, all available at a click. It's
like the real thing except the paint
doesn't drip.
CoCo Max will instantly create many
shapes: circles, squares, rectangles
(with or without rounded corners),
ellipses, etc. Shapes can be filled with
any pattern. You can also add
hundreds of custom patterns to the
86 which are included.
The Glyphics are 58 small drawings
(symbols, faces, etc.) that can be used
as rubber stamps. They're really great
for enhancing your work without effort.
p .i r | pi-" La bd iP ■ tgm
E= Hllfryp I
JL Jb. JL
■ BITS
■
—
i- 1
si
Pull down menus
Zoom In I
Control Over Your Work
CoCo Max's advanced "tools" let you
take any part of the screen, (text or
picture) and perform many feats:
• You can move it around • Copy
it • Shrink or enlarge it in both
directions • Save it on the electronic
Clipbook • Flip it vertically or
horizontally •Rotate it • Invert
it • Clear it, etc. etc.
All this is done instantly, and you can
always undo it if you don't like the
results.
For detail work, the fat bits (zoom)
feature is great, giving you easy
control over each pixel.
To top it all, CoCo Max II works in
color. Imagine the pictures in this ad
in color. If you own a Radio Shack
CGP-220 or CGP-1 1 5, you can even
print your work in full color !
There is so much more to say, such as
the capability to use CoCo Max
images with your BASIC programs,
the possibility to use CoCo Max's
magic on any standard binary image
file. There are also many advanced
features such as the incredible lasso.
Inside the Hi-Res Input Pack
Why a Hi-Res Input Pack ?
Did you know that the CoCo joystick
input port can only access 4096
positions (64x64)? That's less than
1 0% of the Hi-Res screen, which has
49152 points! (256x192). You lose
90% of the potential. The Hi-Res Input
Pack distinguishes each of the 491 52
distinct joystick or mouse positions.
That's the key to CoCo Max's power.
The pack plugs into the rom slot (like
a rom cartridge). Inside the pack is a
high speed multichannel analog to
digital converter. Your existing
joystick or mouse simply plugs into
the back of the Hi-Res Pack.
Electronic Typesetting...
You'll be impressed with CoCo Max's
capability. Text can be added and
moved around anywhere on the
picture. (You can also rotate, invert
and flip it...) At a click, you can choose
from 1 4 built in fonts each with 1 6
variations. That's over 200 typestyles !
Examples of printouts
Printing Your Creations
There are a dozen ways to print your
work. All are available with a click of
your joystick (or mouse) without
exiting CoCo Max. Your CoCo Max
disk includes drivers for over 30
printers !
All the CoCo Max pictures are unretouched screen shots or printouts (Epson RX-80).
DO IDflJOH HEWS TOEflY
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o
Publish a newsletter
or bulletin
E,i>Cp hrjn,
CaCa Haw
CqCo max
CoComax
Cofo riax
coCo n*x
cac 0Mfll CoCoto
CoCo Atax
CoCo max
CoCo max
CoCo Max
CoCo Max
rettic.
Over 200 typestyles to
ft/ choose from I
generate flyers.
The whole family will enjoy
CoCo Max. Here are a few
examples of the possibilities.
All these pictures are unretouched screen photos
or printouts (on an Epson RX-80).
£v Business graphs, charts,
f*7 diagrams. Also memos
Fun for children while
stimulating creativity.
Junior's homework
and science projects.
Term papers too !
q± Video portrait
KB (with optional digitizer}.
f\ Wis is A '
{0 This is a cartoon.
A new way to express
your imagination.
©Steffi
CoCo/HoxI
schematics
and floor plans.
CoCo Max II
{Jj) Logos and letterheads.
CoCo Max II
now works
with the
CoCo 3
The new CoCo Max II has exactly the same features and resolution (256 x 1 92) as the original CoCo Max II
System Requirements:
Any 64K CoCo and a standard joystick or mouse. (Koala
pads and track balls work, but are not recommended.)
Disk systems need a Multi-Pak or our Y-Cable. CoCo Max
is compatible with any Radio Shack DOS & ADOS.
Note: the tape version of CoCo Max includes almost all
the features of CoCo Max II except Shrink, Stretch, Rotate.
and Glyptics. Also, it has 5 fonts instead of 14.
CoCo Max is not compatible with JDOS, DoubleDOS,
MDOS. OS-9, the X-pad. and Daisy Wheel Printers.
Printers Supported:
Epson MX. RX. FX and LX series. Gemini. Star. Micronix. Delta
10. 10X. 15. 15X,SG-10.Okidata82A 92.93. C ItohPro-wriler.
Apple Image-writer. Hewlett-Packard Thinkjet. Radio Shack
DMP 100, 105. 1 10, 120. 200, 400, 500. Line Printer 7. Line
Printer8. TRP- 1 00, CGP-220. (DMP- 1 30 use Line Printer VIII).
PMC printers. Gorilla Banana.
Color printing: CGP-200. CGP-1 15
New Video Digitizer DS-69B
This Low Cost Digitizer is the next step in sophist-
ication for your CoCo Max system. With the DS-
69B you will be able to digitize and bring into
CoCoMax a frame from any video source, suchas
your VCR T tuner, or video camera.
Works with any CoCo, 8 frames per second.
Includes software on disk $149.95
Guaranteed Satisfaction
Use CoCo Max for a full month.
If you are not delighted with it,
we will refund every penny.
Pricing
CoCo Max on tape $69.95
with Hi-Res Pack and manual.
CoCo Max II (on disk only) $79.95
with Hi-Res Pack and manual.
Upgrade to make CoCo Max II compat-
ible with the CoCo 3: Send your CoCo
Max Hi-Res Pak (the cartridge) to us. We
will modify it and return it to you. Enclose
payment of $29.95
Y-Cable: Special Price $19.95
Super Picture Disks #1. #2, and #3
each: $14.95
All three picture disks $29.95
Add S3.00 per order for shipping.
Visa, MC checks. M.O. welcome.
CT & NY residents add sales tax.
CO D. add 53.00 extra.
Canada: shipping is SS
Overseas add 10%
COLORWARE
242-W West Avenue
Darien, CT 06820
A division of Sigma Industries. Inc
Technical info: (203) 656-1 806
S» 800 221-0916
Connecticut orders; (203) 348-9436
All lines open weekdays 9 to 5 Eastern lime
Upon running the program, a saxophone appears in the
lower-right corner of the screen. Some musical notes
appear, going from right to left, and then the music begins.
If you want to hear the piece again, just press any key. New
notes are displayed and "Donnalee" is repeated. Enjoy!
(Questions about this program may be directed to the
author at P.O. Box 86, Red Oak, GA 30272. Please enclose
an SASE for a reply.) □
The listing: YRRDBIRD
]_ jj 1 **************************
20 ' * TRIBUTE TO JAZZ LEGEND *
30 ' * CHARLIE PARKER *
40 1 * BY *
50 '* VAL BURKE *
5 j3 ' **************************
70 POKE65495,0
80 PMODE3 , 1 :PCLS2 : SCREEN1 , 0
90 DIM N(12,26)
100 DRAWBM244, 100F4L16D22R2D6L2
D24R2D8L2D4G8L24H8U28R20D16F4R8E
4U16L4U8R4U12L4U8R4U8E4R12 "
110 FORP=1TO500:NEXTP
120 PAINT (200, 156) ,3,4
130 FORP=1TO500 :NEXTP
140 DRAWBM200 , 112G4F8G4F6"
150 FORP=1TO500:NEXTP
160 DRAWBM204 , 88D20L8U8R8"
170 PAINT(200,104) ,3,4
180 PLAY"O3T10A-"
190 GET(188,84)-(212,136) ,N,G
200 PUT (13 6, 108) -(160, 160) ,N,PSE
T
210 PLAY"O2T10A-"
220 GET(136,108)-(160,160) ,N,G
230 PUT(84,84)-(108,136) ,N,PSET
240 PLAY"O2T10A-"
250 GET(84,84)-(108,136) ,N,G
260 PUT(32,108) -(56, 160) ,N,PSET
270 PLAY"O3T10A-"
280 DRAW"BM23 2, 40D20L8U8R8"
290 PAINT (228, 56) ,4,4
300 DRAW"BM240, 68H4D12L4U4R4"
310 PAINT(234,74) ,1,4
320 PLAY"O4T10A-"
330 FORP=1TO200:NEXTP
340 GET(220,36) -(244,88) ,N,G
350 PUT(156,12) -(180, 64) ,N,PSET
360 PLAY"O4T10A-"
370 FORP=1TO200:NEXTP
380 GET(156,12) -(180, 64) ,N,G
390 PUT(92,20)-(116,72) ,N,PSET
400 PLAY"O3T10A-"
410 GET(92,20)-(116,72) ,N,G
420 PUT(20,12)-(44,64) ,N,PSET
430 PLAY"O4T10A-" : FORP=1TO200 : NE
XTP
440 POKE65494,0
24 THE RAINBOW June 1987
450 PLAY"04T3L16GL16A-L16GL8FL16
E-L8D-L16C03L8B-L16A-L8AL16CL8E-
L16FL16F+L16A-L16F+L8FL16E-L8DL1
6FL8A-04L16C03L8GL16F"
460 PLAY"03T3P2P4P8L8EL16DL8E-02
L16AL8B-03L16D-L8FL16A-04L8CL16E
-L8D-03L16FL8A-04L16C03L16BL16BL
16EL8E-L16D-"
470 PLAY"03T3L8CL16E-L8GL16B-L8A
-P16L8E-L16FL8F+L16B-04L8D-L16FL
8EL16CP8P16"
480 PLAY"04T3L4 . . E-L16D-L8C03L16
B-04L8E-04L16D-P4L8F+L16EL8E-L16
D-L8CL16CL8D-L16DL8E-L16D-L8C03I
16B-L8A04L16CL8E-L16FL16F+L16A-I
16F+L8FL16E-"
490 PLAY"04T3L8DL16C03L8B-L16A-I
8B-L16A-L8CL16E-L16GL16G-L16FL8E
P2 "
500 PLAY"04T3L8E-L16D-03L8FL16A-
04L8C03L16B-L8FL16A-L8GL16B-04L8
D-L16E-L16EL16F+L16EL8E-L16D-L8C
P4"
510 PLAY"04T3L16GL16A-L16GL8FL16
E-L8D-L16C03L8B-L16A-L8AL16CL8E-
L16FL16F+L16A-L16F+L8FL16E-L8DL1
6FL8A-04L16C03L8GL16F"
520 PLAY"03T3P2P4L8GL16FL8EL16FL
8GL16A-L8B-L16A-L8GL16F04L16D-L1
6E-L16D-L8C03L16B-L16A-L16B-L16A
-L8GL16EL8FP1P4P8"
530 PLAY"03T3L16C04L8C03L16B04L8
CL16C+L8DL16D-L8DL16E-L8EL16E-L8
EL16E-L8DL16D-L8C03L16B-"
540 PLAY"03T3L16A-L16B-L16A-L8GL
16A-L8B-L16A-L8GL16F02L8B03L16DL
8FL16A-L8B04L16GL8FL16EL8E-L16D-
L8C03L16B-L8AL16F+L8FL16E-L8DL16
FL8A-04L16C03L8B-L16A-L8GL16B-L1
6.A-P1P2"
550 CLS:PRINT@206, "OUCH! ! ": PRINT
@233,"<PRESS ANY KEY>" : PRINT@2 62
, "AND I'LL PLAY IT AGAIN"
560 I$=INKEY$
570 IFI$=""THEN560
580 PMODE3 , 1 : PCLS : SCREEN1 , 1
590 CIRCLE(128,96) ,30
600 LINE (158, 12) - (158, 96) , PSET
610 PAINT(128,96) ,6,8
620 FORP=1TO500:NEXTP
630 CIRCLE(208,124) ,20
640 DRAW"BM2 48,80H20D58"
650 PAINT(208,124) ,7,8
660 FORP=1TO500:NEXTP
670 CIRCLE (48, 56) ,20
680 DRAW"BM88, 20H20D56"
690 PAINT(48,56) ,8,8
700 GOTO 440 /R\
COMPUTIZE, INC. • (215) 946-7260 • P.O. BOX 207 • LANG HORN E, PA 19047
1 ife ■ IblLHIlhid 1
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INTRODUCING
G-0 \JJ \K
Unleash the power of your CdCo 3 with 320 x ZOO
screen resolution, and the choice of any 16 colors
from the- Co Co 3's 64 color palette, and your
graphic creations almost can't help, but come alive
with color and detail. Icons, pull down menus, and
dialog boxes make COLOR MAX -3 very easy to use,
11 fonts are supplied, malting hundreds of lettering
styles possible. Text can use any combinations ot
color, shadow, outline, bold, and italics, Painting li
a snap with 16 colors and 32 editable patterns.
COLOR MAX 3 requires a 128K CoCo 3 with disk
drive, High-Resolution Joystick interlace, and a
joystick device (mouse, touch pad. or joystick).
ORDER YOURS TODAY
Please include S3 00 shipping & nan clung. PMesideri's add 6% safe
tax Specify catalog numbers wiien o/dennp,.'
200 MD Color Max 3 {without print driver)
201 MD Color Max a (With EPSON MX/flX/FX.A
compatibles driver]
202MD Color Max 3 (wilh DM P-1 05/1 20/1 30
driver)
203MD Color Max 3 (with CGP-220 driver)
Coloi Max 3 Accessories.
220 IV) D Color Max 3 Pix Converter 1
(Contains 6 converters) $29,95
• CoCo MAX B&W to- k MtiE' format
• CoCo MAX artllact to 'MGE' lor mat
• 6K 6&W binary lile to 'MGE 1 format
t 6K artifact binary tile tn 'MGE 1 I or mat
- GRAPH (COM SAW lile to 'MGE' format
• GRAPH (COM artHact file to MGE 1 format
221 CH High- Re solution Joystick interface $12. OQ
I Radio Shack CaL No, 26-3028)
"5r Mie ....^ajmpurer'
GHAPHICOM FEATURES: A page animation
mode. Send/Receive pictures over modem •
multiple Hi-Res fonts • Utility for transferring
Graphicom screens to basic or M/L programs
• Built in Hi-Res screen print program •
Send/Receive slow scan TV
Many additional features, operating hints,
hardware mod's and suggestions, etc. Re-
quires 64K CoCo. I disk drive, and 2 analog
loysticks
Order Catalog* 1 1 1 GO, Sob RAINBOW REVIEW (4/84
on page 225)
GRAPHICOM DISK $24.95
uraphicom Part II re quires To j m iilo \\, M
III) and disk drive n will load and save both
SfANDARD/BIN tiles and GRAPHICOM
screens GRAPHICOM PART II does NOT re-
quire Graphicom to RUN'
Graphicom Pari II is a video processing
package that provides many tunctions that are
missing in GRAPHICOM Here are |usl a few
of the features provided by Graphicom Part H.
Enlarge/Reduce/Rotate ■ Mutt-pattern Paint
• Pan & Zoom • Typesetter & Font Editor •
Pixel Blaster GRAPHICOM PARI" ii does NOT
require Graphicom to RUM 1
Ordor Catalog* 132WD. See RAINBOW REVIEW
(11/85 on pago 209)
GRAPHICOM PART II DISK $24.95
HARDCOPY is more thai |U$t a^^en prii
utility compare these features with any other
graphic dump program on the market- Gray
Scale or B&W printouts. 1x1 2x2, 3x3
i.ables. posters, and greating cards with your
graphics and much much more' See
RAINBOW REVIEW (10/85) on page 218)
HAROCOPY requires a 6<1K CoCo (I.M or nn
and disk drive Please specify printer and
catalog U when ordering
IDS 480/560 G Cm i?OWD • OKI 82* lOkigiaDDi C» -
OXtOAlA <J? C« S71WD « GEMINI 103C C* J7JW0 * GFVINI SG
10/tS C* 1/6W0 • OMP IDS C* 183W0 * OMP I )0 C» '80WP •
OMP tZO C» 176WD ■ DMP-I30 C« IB?WO - OMP 7Q0 C»
175WO « CGP-??Q C» tSiWD ■ EPSON LX-80 C» 173WI) -EPSON
MX- 3D Clf 17?WU » FPSON RX/FX 80 C* t73WO » fllTEMAM
PLUS O I7 7WO
HARDCOPY DISK
$29.95
Ait^UiiLj COLORSCAN, new sottware for
the CGP-220 and your 64K CoCo (I, II. III).
This program is a must for anyone who owns
a Radio Shack Ink Jet Printer, and enjoys
c. eating graphics with Graphicom, Graphicom
Part M CoCo MAX or any other program that
oroduces a standard 6K binary picture files.
COLORSCAN will orinf program listings in
niaz^g ctw Help create colorful banners up
»c 55mches.n length . produce 1x1/2x2 Dr
poster printout of your favorite 6K graphic
disk files.
Order Catalog* 184W0. Seo RAINBOW REVIEW
(1/87 page 136)
COLORSCAN DISK $29.95
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1Kb III I I fin I I PRINIIR Ul III IY
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COMPUTIZE, INC. • (215) 946-7260 • P.O. BOX 207 • LANGHORNE, PA 19047
THE RAINBOW June 1987
This is a game requiring skill, timing
and a Jot of luck. Balloon is in
machine language and only re-
quires 16K. It will work on any CoCo
including the CoCo 3. Your mission is
to travel to the enemy base and rescue
the innocent hostages. They were kid-
napped by the dastardly dictator of the
evil country, Litko. Your job is to
maneuver your sleek hot-air balloon up
and down, dodging bullets coming from
both sides. During this, you must try to
rescue as many hostages and destroy as
many enemy tanks as possible.
Use the right joystick to move, and
press the firebutton to launch bombs.
Hitting a tank with a bomb scores 50
points and rescuing a hostage scores 100
points. To rescue someone, be just
above the ground as he passes under-
neath you. Once you've been hit by a
bullet, the game ends.
To create this machine language
program, type in Listing I (PDKE1) and
save it to tape or disk. Then type in
Listing 2 (PDKE2) and save it to tape or
disk. Now reload Listing l and run it.
If it was typed in correctly, you will be
prompted to load and run Listing 2. If
this program was typed in correctly, you
will be prompted on how to save the
program. Simply type (C)SAVEM
"BALLOON" , 13997 , 15BB2 , 13997.
A word of warning: Keep on the
move. If you just sit near the bottom
sneakily trying to gobble up points,
odds are the left gun will trap you and
you will be killed.
Any comments, questions or sugges-
tions are welcome. My address is P.O.
Box 399, St. Johns Road, Stroud,
Ontario, Canada, LOL 2M0. Please
enclose an SASE if a response is ex-
pected. □
Chris Keyes is a junior at Innisdale
Secondary School. He is a self-taught
programmer and has had his CoCo for
four years. He uses it for games and
word processing.
Listing 1: P0KE1
19 228
27 218
38 13
47 159
56 249
END 171
T
****************************
****** BALLOON ATTACK ******
************ BY ************
******** CHRIS KEYES *******
****************************
1
2
3
4
5
6
7 FORX=13997 TO 14999
8 READ A
9 POKE X,A
10 TT=TT+A
11 NEXT X
12 CLS:IF TT<>121960 THEN PRINT"
DATA WAS ENTERED INCORRECTLY . 11 : P
RINT "RECHECK YOUR DATA LINES .": S
TOP
13 CLS: PRINT" PROCESS COMPLETED."
: PRINT "LOAD 1 POKE2 1 AND TYPE <RU
N>. "
14 DATA 189,169,40,142,4,0,134,1
59,167,128,140,6,0,37,249,142,4,
0,134,191,167,128,140
15 DATA 4,32,37,249,142,5,224,16
7,128,140,6,0,3 7,249,142,4,0,167
,132,48
16 DATA 136,32,140,5,224,35,246,
142,4,31,167,132,48,13 6,32,140,5
,255,35,246
17 DATA 142,5,133,16,142,61,171,
198,20,166,160,167,12 8,90,38,249
,142,4,73,16
18 DATA 142,61,191,198,14,166,16
0,167,128,90,3 8,24 9, 142,4,172,16
,142,61,205, 198
19 DATA 7,166,160,167,128,90,38,
249,134,66,183,4,206,134,89,183 ,
4,207,142,4
20 DATA 237,16,142,61,212,198,5,
166,160,167,128,90,3 8,2 49,142,5,
13,16,142,61
21 DATA 217,198,5,166,160,167,12
8,90,38,249,134,159,183,4,80,183
,5,138,183,5
22 DATA 140,183,5,144,183,5,147,
173, 159,160,0,3 9,250,142, 4,0,134
,32, 167,128
23 DATA 140,6,0,37,249,142,4,0,1
6,142,61,141,198,30,166,160,167,
128,90,38
24 DATA 249,173,159,160,0,39,250
,12 9,57,34,246, 129,48,37,242,128
,48,198,255,61
25 DATA 31,1,191,62,3,183,255,20
3, 183,255, 192, 183 , 255, 19 5, 183 , 25
5,197,183,255,199
26 DATA 134,253,183,255,34,142,1
4,0,79,167,12 8,140,15,63,3 5,249,
134,255,167,128
27 DATA 140,36,127,35,249,79,167
,128,140,3 8,0,35,248,142, 15,19 2,
134,85,167,132
28 DATA 48,136,31,167,128,140,36
,128,37,244,13 4,240,183,33,254,1
83,34,126,134,224
29 DATA 183,34,30,183,34,94,79,1
83,34,62,204,60,102,195,0,56,253
,61,226,204
30 DATA 60,158,195,0,56,253,61,2
30,204,60,218,195,0,30,253,61,23
4,142,26,16
31 DATA 191,61,224,142,34,61,191
,61,252,142,15,193,191,61,2 3 6,12
7,61,239,127,61
32 DATA 247,127,61,251,127,61,25
4,127,61,244,142,0,0,191,61,2 22,
22,0, 140 , 190
33 DATA 61,224,16,142,60,102,166
,160,167,128,166,160,167,132,48,
136,31, 16, 188, 61
34 DATA 226, 37, 239, 22, ft, 209, 190,
61,228,16, 14 2, 60,158, 198,15, 166,
160,167,128,166
35 DATA 160,167,128,166,160,167,
128,166, 160,167,12 8,48,13 6, 28,90
,38,234,32,80, 182
36 DATA 255,1,132,247,183,255,1,
182,255,3,13 2,247,183,255,3,18 2,
255,35,138,8
37 DATA 183,255,35,16,190,62,10,
190,62,5,166,128,132,252,183,255
,32,246, 62,9
38 DATA 90,38,253,188,62,7,38,23
8,49,63,38,231,57,190,61,2 32,16,
142,60,218
39 DATA 166,160,167,128,166,160,
167,132,48,136,31,16,188,61,234,
37,239,32,0,190
40 DATA 62,3,48,137,7,208,48,31,
38,252,17 3,159,160, 10,182,1,91,1
29,15,37
41 DATA 7,129,45,34,10,22,255,87
,134,1,183,61,238,32,5,134,2,183
,61,238
42 DATA 182,61,238,129,2,39,25,2
52,61,224,131,0,64,253,61,224,16
,131,15,207
43 DATA 16,46,255,51,195,0,64,25
3,61,2 2 4,32,46,252 ,61,224, 195,0,
64,253,61
44 DATA 224,16,131,31,113,16,45,
June 1987 THE RAINBOW 27
Four new programs for the CoCo
DOOM
POWSR fo"|
DAMAGE Ll
TORPEDOES
□ EH [HE]
COUNT [ 24 I
FIRE ONE!
Submarine ^ arVjre in A'Qrid War li Completely high resolution graphic
game in which you become the skipper of the USS Squalus. From the
bridge you set the course ana speed, check radar, plot the course,
rece've radio reports up the periscope and track the convoy or go on a
special mission T wert\ sty scenenos with many more. Computer keeps
hack of torpedoes battery level, diesel fuel, oxygen supply and more
Four torpedo tubes toward 01 dec* gun are used to send those transports
to the bottom But watc (~ out '01 those aeaaly patrol vessels Crash dive, full
nght rudder, fuii speed ahead .sweat oul those depth charge attacks
provisions foi on surface repair, Target Data Control, special missions,
radio reports radar t r acking, map plotting, hull damage, depth alarm,
exploding ships ships log (patrol vessels and transports, missions
completed points accumulated) four speeds forward, one reverse,
navigation, isiands ?Ou r periscope positions, supply vessel, visual
sightings, and pler^y of fun and excitement.
System requirements. CoCo III computer, disk drive. $32. OO
m
m
mm
mm
STALINGRAD
You become General Von Paulus in command of the German Sixth Army
consisting of Panzers, Infantry, Mechanized Units, with support from
Bombers and Fighters of the dreaded Luftwaffe. Starting in the summer of
1942 you begin your offensive knowing that you have only so much time to
take control of the city and then defend it from overwhelming Russian
counterattack. Completely high resolution graphics for ECB 64K CoCo I,
II, III disk or tape. Colorless on RGB monitors. $28. OO
FIRE & STEEIMi
DARK HORSE
Mammoth game of Napoleon's Waterloo campaign. Player battles
combined armies of England, Russia and Austria Completely hi res
ECB 64K CoCo I, II, III, disk. Colorless on RGB monitors. $27.00
KEYBOARD GENERAL
Had you subscribed to the Keyboard General back in August and taken
advantage of our special discounts, you'd have saved almost S30.00
already! That along with articles on strategy and tactics and hints and all
kinds of interesting information. Plus, you might have made some new
friends Yearly subscription USA and Canada $15.00. Overseas $18.00.
The seauel to Red Star The Soviet Union has taken control of Europe' You
must rescue Europe from Soviet control and then have the option of
invading Russia High resolution screens scrolls up. down, right,
left, .attack modes, unit icons and more ECB 64K CoCo I. II. Ill disk.
Colorless on RGB monitors. $27.00
ARK ROYAL GAMES
P.O. Box 14806
Jacksonville, FL 32238
(904) 786-8603
ARK
ROYAL
GAMES
CharGen
CoCo lil high resolution character generator makes special character set
that can be used in all sorts of applications Easy to use. Creates as many
files as desired. Disk only, CoCo III only. $12. OO
Florida residents odd 5%, COD'S in USA only. aOO roughly S3 00 Sorry, no bankcarOs
All orders shipped within 24 hours except holidays ana weekenas Write lor free
colalog CoCo I. H, III refer to the TanOyTM Color Computer
255 , 2 6, 13 1, j3, 64, 253 ,61 ,224, 19 j3, 6
1,224,140,30
45 DATA 250,37,15,182,61,244,39,
10,190,61,232,140,3 4,176, 16,3 9,2
,56,182,61
46 DATA 239,38,33,182,255,0,129,
12 6,39,6,12 9,254,16,38,0,170,134
,1,183,61
47 DATA 239,252,61,224,195,3,192
,253,61,240, 195, 1,0,2 53 , 61, 242, 1
90,61,240,134
48 DATA 255,167,132,48,136,32,18
8,61,242,3 5,2 46,190,61,240,48,13
6,64,191,61,240
49 DATA 190,61,242,48,136,64,140
,36,111,34,109,191,61,242,166,13
2,129,255,39,5
50 DATA 182,61,244,39,21,190,61,
240,16,142,60,253,166,160,167,13
2,48,136,32,188
51 DATA 61,242,37,244,32,80,190,
61,22 2,198,50,58,191,61,222,142,
0,1,191,62
52 DATA 10,134,95,183,62,9,142,1
32,208,191,62,5,142,13 6,184,191,
62,7,23,254
53 DATA 170,190,61,228,134,255,1
98,15,167,128,167,12 8,167,128,16
7,128,48,136,28,90
54 DATA 38,242,247,61,254,190,61
,240,134,255,198,8,167,13 2,48,13
6,32,90,38,248
55 DATA 79,183,61,239,32,0,190,6
1,236,134,2 55,198,5,167,132,48,1
36,32,90,38
56 DATA 248,190,61,236,188,61,22
4,34,8,48,13 6,3 2,191,61,236,32,6
,48,136,224
57 DATA 191,61,236,16,142,60,248
,198,5,166,160,167,13 2,48,13 6,32
,90, 38,246,182
58 DATA 61,247,39,60,134,255,190
,61,245, 167 ,128,191,61,245, 166,1
32,129,255,39,20
59 DATA 52,2,252,61,224,195,3,19
2,253,61,255, 188,61,2 55,16,37,1,
91,53,2
60 DATA 79,167,132,182,61,248,74
,39,5,183,61,248,32 ,31,79,183,61
,247,134,255
61 DATA 167,132,32,21,134,1,183,
61,247,190,61,23 6,48, 13 6,97,191,
61,245, 134,28
62 DATA 183,61,248,32,175,182,61
,251,39,58,13 4,2 55,190,61,2 49,16
7,132,48,31, 191
63 DATA 61,249,166,132,129,255,3
9,20,52,2,252,61,224,19 5,3,192,2
53,61,255,188
Keep track with
Baseball Statpak
Finally, Big League Stats for your Color Computer!
Baseball Statpak will make you a winner with your play-
ers. Keep track of up to 180 batters and 60 pitchers on
12 teams. Perfect for Little League, high school, ama-
teur softball.
Baseball Statpak contains three separate programs
to track at bats, runs, hits, errors, walks, home runs,
RBI's, on-base-percentage, innings pitched, earned
runs, strikeouts and lots more. Also keeps track of
team standings for league statistics. Store your data on
tape or disk.
Lightning-fast machine language sort will order your
data by any statfor startling screen displays and beauti-
ful printed reports!
You've seen these stats in the newspapers. Now
you can have them for your team! Baseball Statpak re-
quires 16K Extended Basic for tape version, 32K for
disk. CoCo 3 compatible. Only $34.95 on tape or disk.
The Handicapper
Use your Color Computer to improve your perfor-
mance at the track! Separate handicappers for Thor-
oughbreds, Harness Horses and Greyhounds let you
rank the horses or dogs in each race quickly and easily,
even if you've never handicapped before!
All the information you need is readily available in
the Thoroughbred Racing Form, harness or dog track
program. Data entry is quick and easy. We even provide
a diagram showing you where to find the data!
Written by a veteran handicapper, our programs use
sound, established techniques and the power of your
computer to cut handicapping time from hours to min-
utes. Ratings are displayed on screen or sent to your
printer. Our instructions and wagering guide tell you
which races to bet and which to avoid — a real secret of
good handicapping.
The handicappers require 16K for tape versions,
32K for disk. They're all CoCo 3 compatible, too! Thor-
oughbred, Harness or Greyhound Handicappers,
$39.95 each on tape or disk. Any two for $59.95, all
three only $79.95.
Federal Hill Software
8134 Scotts Level Road
Baltimore, Md. 21208
Toll free orders 800-628-2828 Ext 850
Information 30 1 -521 -4886
June 1987 THE RAINBOW 29
18
26 .
38 ..
46 . ,
END
• • • •
.46
.92
217
135
179
Listing 2: P0KE2
T
*****************************
2 ******* BALLOON ATTACK ******
3 ************* BY ************
4 ********* CHRIS KEYES *******
5 *****************************
6 FORX=15000 TO 15882
7 READ A
8 POKE X,A
9 TT=TT+A
10 NEXTX •
11 CLS:IF TT098481 THENPRINT 11 DA
TA WAS ENTERED INCORRECTLY . 11 : PRI
NT"RECHECK DATA LINES . 11 : STOP
12 CLS: PRINT "PROCESS COMPLETE. 11 :
PRINT"NOW TYPE : 11 : PRINT : PRINT" (C)
SAVEM 'BALLOON 1 ,13997, 15882,1399
7 ^tM^^W^t '* ! ^WWWI ^
13 DATA 61,255,16,37,1,3,53,2,79
,167,13 2,140,3 4,34,39,2,32,23,79
,183
TANDY COMPUTER
DISCOUNTS
COLOR COMPUTERS
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89.95
26-334 CoCo3
170.00
26-3131 1st disk drive
269.95
26-3215 CM-8 color monitor
259.95
PRINTERS
26-1276 DMP 105
160.00
26-1277 DMP-430
580.00
26-1280 DMP-130
269 00
MODEL 4 and MSDOS COMPUTERS
25-1050 Tandy 1000 EX
530.00
25-1051 Tandy 1000 SX
850.00
25-0101 1 Plus expansion board
155.00
25-1023 CM-5 color monitor
249.95
25-1020 VM-4 Monochrome monitor
110.00
26-1070 mod 4D 64k 2dr.
920.00
We Carry the Complete Line of Tandy
Computer Products at Discount Prices
CALL FOR A FREE PRICE LIST 800-257-5556
IN NJ. CALL 609-769-0551
WOODSTOWN ELECTRONICS
Rt. 40 E. WOODSTOWN, N.J. 08098
14 DATA 61,251,134,255,167,132,3
2, 13, 134, 1,18 3, 61, 251, 19J3, 61, 2 52
,191,61,249,32
15 DATA 185,182,61,254,38,40,182
,61,2 44,38,84,182,1,19,12 9,100,3
7,14,134,1
16 DATA 183,61,254,142,34,186,19
1,61,22 8,2 2, 253 , 102 , 13 4 , 1, 183 , 61
,244,142,34,188
17 DATA 191,61,232,22,253,175,18
2,62,1,38,103,134,1,18 3,62,1,190
,61,228, 198
18 DATA 255,134,15,231,128,231,1
28,231, 128,2 31, 128, 48, 13 6, 28,74,
38,242, 190,61,228
19 DATA 48,31,140,34,161,16,39,0
,51,191,61,2 28,22,2 53,39,182,62,
2,38,60
20 DATA 134,1,183,62,2,190,61,23
2,198,255,134,15,231,12 8,2 31,132
,48,136,31,74
21 DATA 38,246,190,61,232,48,31,
140,34,161,16,3 9,0,13,191, 61,232
,22,253,81
22 DATA 79,183,61,254,22,253,100
,79,183,61,244,22,2 53,9 3,127,62,
1,22,253,87
23 DATA 127,62,2,22,253,81,190,6
1,2 22,198,100,58,191,61,2 22,14 2,
0,1,191,62
24 DATA 10,134,50,183,62,9,142,2
53,232,191, 62,5, 142,254,2 2 6, 191,
62,7,23,252
25 DATA 222,134,255,142,34,176,1
98,15, 167,12 8, 167 , 13 2 , 48 , 13 6 , 3 1 ,
90,38,246,79,183
26 DATA 61,244,22,254,73,142,0,5
0,191,62,10,134,4,183,62,9,142,1
28,232,191
27 DATA 62,5,142,130,120,191,62,
7,23,252,172,182,255,1,13 2,2 47,1
83,255,1,182
28 DATA 255,3,132,247,183,255,3,
182,255,35,138,8,18 3,2 5 5,3 5,79,1
42,15,64,16
29 DATA 142,37,224,198,32,167,12
8,167, 160,134,40,74,38,253,79,90
,38,243,49,168
30 DATA 192,16,140,25,200,34,232
,189,169,81,79,18 3,2 55,19 6, 183,2
55,194 , 183,255, 192
31 DATA 183,255,202,183,255,198,
182,255,34,132,7,183,255,34,13 4,
128,142,4,0,167
32 DATA 128,140,6,0,37,249,142,6
1,5,16,142,4,0,16 6,128,167,160,1
40,61,22
33 DATA 38,247,142,61,22,16,142,
30
THE RAINBOW June 19B7
4, 64, 166, 128, 167,160, 140, 61, 4 4, 3
8,247,134,85
34 DATA 151,137,252,61,222,189,1
89,204,142,61,45,16,142,4,12 8,16
6,128,167,160,140
35 DATA 61,141,38,247,173,159,16
0,0,39,250,129,89,16,39, 250,253,
79,151,113,189
36 DATA 160,39,255,255,255,255,2
54,255,240,31,22 6,143,202,167,13
8,163,170,171,170,171
37 DATA 42,169,170,171,170,171,1
38,163,202,167,194,135,208,53,22
2,247,238,239,236, 111
38 DATA 224,15,229,79,228,79,228
,79,229,79,224,15,255,2 55,2 55,25
5,255,255,255,248
39 DATA 3,255,0,7,253,255,127,24
7,253,255,0,7,253,255,255,247,25
3,255,224,7
40 DATA 252,3,239,255,255,251,23
9,255,255,251,224,0,0,3,232,227,
199,139,215,93
41 DATA 187,117,183,93,187,118,2
15,93,187,117,232,227,19 9,139,24
0,0,0,7,255,127
42 DATA 252,31,252,159,249,79,25
3,223,252,31,207,121,247,119,248
,15,255,127,255,127
43 DATA 255,127,254,183,253,223,
243,231, 15,7,0,7,15,12 6,12 6, 19 5,
195,195,195,231
44 DATA 231,42,42,42,32,71,65,77
,69,32,79,86,69,82,32,42,42,42,8
9,79
45 DATA 85,82,32,70,73,78,65,76,
32 ,83 , 67,79 ,82 , 69, 32 , 87 , 65 , 83 , 32
,58
! 46 DATA 32,42,42,42,42,42,42,42,
42,42,42,42,42,42,42,42,42,42,42
,42
47 DATA 42,42,42,42,42,42,42,42,
42,42,42,42,42,87,65,7 8,84,32,84
,79
48 DATA 32,80,76,65,89,32,65,71,
65,73,78,63,32,40,89,47,78,41,3 2
,32
49 DATA 32,32,32,32,32,42,42,42,
42,42,42,42,42,42,42,42,42,42,42
,42
50 DATA 42,42,42,42,42,42,42,42,
42,42,42,42,42,42,42,42,42,87,72
,73
51 DATA 67,72,32,76,69,86,69,76,
32,40,48,61,72,65,82,68,32,45,32
,57
52 DATA 61,69,65,83,89,41,63,80,
82,69,83,83,32,65,32,75,69,89,32
,84
53 DATA 79,32,83,84,65,82,84,66,
65,76, 76, 79, 79,78,32, 65, 84,84, 65
,67
54 DATA 75,87,82,73,84,84,69,78,
67,72,82,73,83,75,69,89,69,83,1,
44
55 DATA 27,208,60,158,34,176,60,
214,34,182,60,248,29,1,1,1,3 3,80
,34,80
56 DATA 1,30,80,1,15,34,39,1,34,
61,0,31,144,1,0,6,249,12 8,2 32,13
P
57 DATA 120,4,0
ALL SOFTWARE COMPATIBLE WITH 00003
r« PATCHES PE'ilJlRED
COLOR BANKBOOK +3 * *I9.95
BOSINESS BANKBOOK $49.95
SPECIFY 1 G ft £ CilSK DRIVES
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OCR FILE
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SUPERDISK UTILITY
SEE REVIEW IN MAY ''86
RAINBOW PAOE 1*1
$ 9.95
"I
RHDIOLOG
SEE REVIEW IN MAY 'S&
RAINBOW PAGE £09
CODE PRACTICE
SEE REVIEW IN MOV 'SG
RAINBOW PAGE 134
•RDERS OR INFORMATIOH
CULL 1 800 628 2828
EXTENSION 552
ALL PROGRAMS INCLUDE MANUALS
REQUIRE 3£K AND i DISK DRIVE.
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RAINBOW
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INCLUDES SPECUL EDITION FOR 00003 !!f
June 1987 THE RAINBOW 31
EDUCATION OVERVIEW
The Role of Teachers in
Educational Software
Development
By Michael Plog, Ph.D.
Rainbow Contributing Editor
Almost everyone will agree that
education needs high quality
software specifically designed
for student learning experiences. The
problem, however, is obtaining such
software. Many software packages are
written by elementary and secondary
teachers. Naturally, that is viewed as a
good thing — we want software devel-
oped by people who are on the "front
line" of education. However, there are
a few drawbacks to this situation.
Most elementary and secondary
teachers cannot get released time to
devote to software development. After
all, there are classes to teach, lunch
rooms to supervise, playgrounds to
monitor, committee meetings to attend,
papers to grade after school, and par-
ents to meet with. These regular duties
leave little time to spend on "unessen-
tial" activities such as sof tware develop-
ment. So, of all the teachers who have
the talent and capability to write edu-
cational software, only a small propor-
tion of them will actually sit in front of
their machines to face the difficult task
of writing software.
Those teachers who do spend the time
are not facing an easy task. Preparing
software for the classroom of a total
stranger is considerably different from
Michael Plog received his doctorate
degree from the University of Illinois.
He has taught social studies in high
school, worked in the central office of
a school district and is currently em-
ployed at the Illinois State Board of
Education.
preparing it to use in your own class-
room. Creating a commercially accep-
table piece of educational software goes
well beyond simply putting good ideas
in electronic form. A commercial soft-
ware package for education must not
only be good, it must be user-friendly,
since it may be operated by a person
with no knowledge of computers —
perhaps even by a teacher who does not
like computers.
So, while it would be beneficial to
have software developed by elementary
and secondary teachers, we shouldn't
expect a large amount of such material
to be available. It places too many
unreasonable demands on teachers.
Who else is left? Well, commercial
firms are now getting into the act with
software sold like (and often with)
books at educational conferences.
Companies seldom maintain writers on
payroll, though. They usually contract
with people to prepare hard copy and
electronic materials for sale. Some of
these people are elementary and secon-
dary teachers; however, the majority of
authors of books and commercial soft-
ware are university professors.
This makes a lot of sense. Universities
are designed to produce a reflective
atmosphere, where scholarly inquiry
can be pursued. Ideas are debated
among leaders in all fields of knowl-
edge, so that resulting products repre-
sent the most careful considerations and
are as accurate as possible. We have
come to expect most educational mate-
rials to be developed at universities, but
we need to consider the limitations of
such an environment.
People who teach in universities are
ranked in order of importance. At most
universities, ranks go in the order (from
lowest to highest) of assistant professor,
associate professor and full professor.
Moving up in rank has several impor-
tant benefits for university teachers.
Perhaps the most significant one is
tenure, which guarantees a person
cannot be fired unless there is just cause.
An assistant professor can be released
from employment for any reason at all.
In most universities, a professor who is
promoted to associate will get tenure.
This means more than an increase in
pay; it means job security. To fire an
associate professor requires just cause,
and the reasons need to be very good!
To get promoted, professors are
measured in three areas: teaching,
service and scholarship (or research).
Teaching needs little explanation; the
professor must conduct classes and
have students demonstrate some knowl-
edge of the course content. The service
component can take many forms, from
participation on university committees
to active involvement in professional
organizations. Scholarship, however, is
often the key to determining tenure.
University professors can demon-
strate scholarship by several means. The
most common is to have articles pub-
lished in professional periodicals or
make presentations at professional
meetings. Publishing a book that is
well-received by experts is an almost
certain guarantee of demonstration of
scholarship.
This lengthy diversion into academic
rank and promotion policies has a
32 THE RAINBOW June 1987
M 3 k i r-i =
C p C d •*
•t 1
Micro World
AFFORDAB !.„ E
CoCo II
$87
CoCo III
$169
unve u
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$248
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Mouse
$40
MultiPak
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CCR-81 Cass. Rec.
$42
Joysticks (pair)
$13
Disk storage box (50)
$ 8.50
Disks (SS)
$7.50/box
Disks (DS)
$8.00/box
includes free library case
DWP-106 »'
$159
DMP-130A (120 CPS)
$265
DMP-430
$545
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$495
Tandy 1000 SX
$790
VM-4 Monitor
$99
CM-10 Monitor
$360
CM-5 Monitor
$240
CoCo 3 51 2K Upgrade
$130
MultiPak Upgrade (26-3024)
$ 8
MultiPak Upgrade (26-3124)
$ 7
OS- 9 Level 2
$ 63.95
Please Not* - Our ads are submitted
•arly. so prices art subject to change!!]
We appreciate your cooperat ion & ..
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Minimum order 15.00
Method of Payment:
MC. Visa. Am. Ex. - Sorry. No Cltillne!
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DRIVE 0 + Howards Drive 0 gives you a
D D-3 rVTPI drive, a CA-1 cable and a J&M DC-4 Disk Controller
for only, Add $34 for a Disto DC-3 replacement. ($s ■hip pi rig)
$178*5
DOUBLE SIDED
DOUBLE DENSITY
360K
ft
Separate Disk Drive Components
DD-3 An MPI 52 double-sided, double density, 360K disk
drive in a full height case and heavy-duty power supply.
( s 5 shipping)
DD-2 A TEAC 55B Vz height, double density, 360K disk
drive in a Vz height case and heavy-duty power supply.
M88
(S2 shipping)
ND 04 Toshiba bare drive, Vz height, double-sided, double
density with all mounting hardware fits R.S. 501
WORD PACK RS
This ROM pack is the hardware answer for an 80 column
display. It includes a built-in video controller to drive a
monochrome monitor like our 123 A. To get started, you need
OS-9 2.0, a Y-cable or multipack interface drive 0, and a
monochrome monitor. *fc/| Q
($2 shipping) ($2 shipping)
While suppli
New basic driver runs word pack without
need for an OS-9.
$10
MONITORS
Thompson RGB
Magnavox 515
($14 shipping)
Magnavox 643
$305
$298
($14 shipping)
$385
$132
($3 shipping)
Zer
enith 1220 A
BOTEK
Serial to parallel converter converts the CoCo 4 pin serial output to run
a parallel printer like Star or Epson. Includes all cables. Add $10 for
modem attachment.
($2 shipping)
$68. 45
CA-1 Cable that connects the disk controller to the drive.
CA-2
$2495
One Drive
$2995
Two Drive
GUARANTEE — Howard Medical s 30-day guarantee
is meant to eliminate the uncertainty of dealing with a com-
pany through the mail. Once you receive our hardware, try
it out, test it for compatibility. If you're not happy with it for
any reason, return it in 30 days and we'll give you your
money back (less shipping).
($14 shipping)
$125
($7 shipping)
S78.45
Lets the graphic capabilities
of your CoCo EXPLODE
Needed to connect CoCo
Max and disk drive at same
time.
COCO
MAX II
Y CABLE $i9. 45
MAX ^ Three sets include 72 different
FONTS ^3^5 fonts for typesetting
COLORING $15
BOOK™
Twenty-two pictures of clip-art
by Glenside Color Computer Club
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purpose. We may be disappointed if we
expect large quantities of high quality
educational software from university
professors. Full professors, of course,
can get involved in anything they want
— they cannot be promoted any higher.
Full professors, however, tend to be
older and may have less interest in
computers. It is from the ranks of
assistant and associate professors that
we should expect most educational
software.
"Publication of a state-
of-the-art textbook is
usually counted as
research at tenure time,
so why isn 't publication
of software?"
Ah, there's the rub. In the criteria for
promotion of teaching, service and
scholarship, where does development of
computer software lie? It might be
considered teaching, especially if soft-
ware is developed for the professor's
class. It might even be considered
service, providing something of value to
elementary or secondary education. In
many institutions, software develop-
ment is not considered research — and
of the three criteria, research is the most
prestigious and the most important in
tenure and promotion decisions.
Many younger faculty members —
the ones who have had the most expe-
rience with computing during their own
years in college — say they are being
advised to f orget about writing sof tware
or incorporating computers into their
courses, at least until after they have
tenure. They are being told instead to
spend time doing research and getting
it published. This means talented people
are being discouraged from developing
educational software, so less quality
educational software will be on the
market. I do not believe all quality
software has to come from universities,
but I am saddened that such a pool of
talent is not spending more time devel-
oping software specifically designed for
educational use:
Of course, not all colleges and univer-
sities have a low opinion of educational
software as scholarly research. Depend-
ing on the particular institution, educa-
tional software has been viewed favor-
ably by tenure and promotion
committees. Faculty members who have
written software claim it often has a
large research component. Writing
software, they argue, should be consid-
ered the same as writing a textbook to
be used in schools. Publication of a
state-of-the-art textbook is usually
counted as research at tenure time, so
why isn't publication of sof tware?
The use of computers in education
has extended in directions we could not
have predicted a few years ago. Educa-
tors once wondered if computers would
be a fad in school, used only for games
to keep students occupied while others
finished their work. The emergence of
the tenure question at the university
level is an indication that computers will
continue to make a significant impact
on schools. The educational computer
revolution is not as simple as teaching
students how to program in BASIC —
and the revolution is not over yet!
Until next month, keep the revolu-
tion going. I welcome all comments,
complaints, or suggestions. My address
is 829 Evergreen, Chatham, IL
62629. /R\
I I II II
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June 1987 THE RAINBOW 35
MUSIC TUTORIAL
Uncovering the MIDI Section
Imagine your CoCo playing real
music. Lead lines, bass lines, even
drums, and doing it all at the same
time. This is the exciting new world of
MIDI (Musical Instrument Digital
Interface).
John Mueller leaches both band and
choir in a small school district in
Oregon. He and his wife, Nannette ( who
also leaches music), have used their
Co Co to provide music for many func-
tions, from her brother's wedding to a
junior high production of
The Mikado.
What Is MIDI?
MIDI is a system using both hard-
ware and software to enable electronic
musical instruments (such as synthesiz-
ers) to "talk" to each other and to make
it possible for computers to join in on
the conversation. This language is in the
form of a digital data stream where
numbers take the place of musical
information. Notes are the most basic
type of information that can be sent by
MIDI. Each note sent requires several
pieces of information (bytes) and they
must be sent in order. As in the PLAY
command of your CoCo, MIDI re-
quires several pieces of information sent
for each particular note, i.e.,
note name, oc-
tave, length and volume. MIDI can also
transmit information to a synthesizer
for what kind of sound to play, such as
a trumpet or an organ sound.
Imagine yourself as a composer sit-
ting in one room, and a band is sitting
in another room with a telephone link-
ing the two. You speak into the tele-
phone, "Oboe, soft, play C sharp, stop
playing. Bass, loud, play D sharp, stop
playing," and so forth. MIDI sends
information in just this way using
binary numbers, or a series of ones and
zeros, instead of words, transmitting
and receiving at a much higher rate than
you or the band could. In fact, MIDI
sends and receives at a higher rate than
most computers. MIDI sends data at
the rate of 31 ,250 baud (bits per second)
while the fastest rate of transmission
most CoCo owners send to their
printers is only 9,600.
CoCo Meets MIDI
In order to make use of the power
of MIDI, there are some pieces of
36
THE RAINBOW June 1987
By John E. Mueller
o O
(A CL
□ r
if
COCO
SYNTHESIZER
Figure 1: Sequencer and Sequencer/Editor Setup
CoCo
o
c
o
O
m
9)
O
CO
r
Q
s
MIDI in
MIDI out
Y-Cable
or
Multi-Pak
Q
s
3
o
Q
s
Synthesizer
Figure 2: Sequencer/ Recorder Setup
hardware you must have. The first of
these is a CoCo with at least 64K of
memory. Most MIDI software also
requires that you have at least one disk
drive, as well. For some applications
you will need a MIDI interface and,
finally, you will need a MIDI-equipped
musical device such as synthesizer or a
drum machine. If you are thinking
about buying a synthesizer, be sure and
ask if it is MIDI-equipped. There are a
lot of electronic keyboards that look
like synthesizers. Some have MIDI and
some do not.
What you do with this hardware
depends on what you want to get out of
your music and at what level you want
to be involved in its creation.
If you want your CoCo to play music
that doesn't sound like it came from a
video arcade, then all that you need is
software that enables your CoCo to act
as a sequencer. A sequencer is a device
that tells a synthesizer what notes to
play and in what order (sequence) to
play them (see Figure 1). When used in
this way, it is not necessary for you to
have piano keyboard skills to sound
great; your CoCo does this work for
you. In fact, a CoCo can play things a
human player could never do. It can
"wiggle its fingers" so fast that the
"Minute Waltz" only takes five seconds.
The first MIDI sequencing program
f or the CoCo was Musica MIDI, writ-
ten by Charles Lanusse and sold by
Speech Systems. This program causes a
CoCo to read Musica //files and output
them as MIDI information through its
serial 1/0 printer port. This is a good,
low-cost way to get into MIDI and, with
the hundreds of Musica II files availa-
ble, you may never want to move any
further. The drawbacks of this program
are that it only plays four notes at a
time; to change or add to the music, you
must exit the program and use Musica
II.
If you have a knowledge of musical
notation, but your piano playing isn't
very good, you need a sequencer/ editor.
LYRA, written by Lester Hands and also
sold by Speech Systems, is a sequencer/
editor. With this program you can
change (edit) the music without leaving
the program, and you can write and
play up to eight notes (voices) at one
time. This program is very user-friendly.
In fact, my high school band students
use it to write their music theory assign-
ments.
A more advanced use of the CoCo is
as a sequencer/ recorder (see Figure 2).
Programs of this sort allow your CoCo
to act like a tape recorder. What you
play on your synthesizer is recorded in
the CoCo's memory and then can be
played back at any speed and in any key.
You could record a song at a slow tempo
and then speed it up, or you could play
in an easy key and then have the CoCo
transpose it (move all of the notes
higher or lower) into a new key. It can
even do both of these things at the same
time. Sequencer/ recorders also record
on up to 16 different tracks. Using this
feature, you could first play in the bass
line on Track 1 . Then you could add the
piano part on Track 2, the brass parts
on Track 3, the solo part on Track 4,
and so forth. Each new track is added
after you get the previous track right.
This allows you to work on a piece until
you get it just the way you want it.
As you might expect, the price on
sequencer/ recorders is much higher.
You should expect to pay at least $150
for an interface and software. The prices
go up from there depending on the
interface and the program you choose.
There are four sequencer/ recorders
on the market at the present time:
Colorchestra, written by Charles La-
nusse and sold by Horizon Software;
CoCoM I DI ', written by Frank Delargy
and sold by Speech Systems; Syntrax
1.0 and Syntrax 2.0, written by Frank
Cutolo and Mike Serio, and sold by
Intercomp Sound.
This article just scratches the surface
of what you and your CoCo can do with
MIDI. For more information I suggest
the following: MIDI for Musicians by
Craig Anderton. Amsco Publications,
New York (1986). Synthesizers and
Computers reprinted from Keyboard
Magazine. GPI Books, Cupertino, CA
( 1 986). International M I DI Association
1 1857 Hartsook St., North Hollywood,
CA 91607.
Sources for CoCo MIDI Products
Horizon Software Corporation, P.O.
Box 289, Opelousas, LA 70570; (318)
942-1938.
Intercomp Sound, 129 Loyalist
Avenue, Rochester, NY 14624; (716)
247-8056.
Speech Systems, 38W 255 Deerpath
Road, Batavia, IL 60510; (312) 879-
6880.
Questions may be directed to the
author at 30665 South Hwy. 211, Col-
ton, OR 97017, 503-824-3148. Please
enclose an SASE for a reply. /R\
June 1987 THE RAINBOW 37
The Speech/Sound Pak learns to count
The Digital Dimension
By Lindsay Kooser
Have you ever sent a sentence like, "That number was
55," to the Radio Shack Speech/ Sound Pak, only to
have it say, 'That number was five five," instead of
fifty-five? Well, then you've discovered that the Speech/
Sound Pak can only speak digits.
How would you like a routine that would take care of
it for you? How about one that would also be able to take
a number in a numerical variable and convert it to text?
Look no further! NumbText is for you.
NumbText is written as a subroutine so it can be added
to any BASIC program already containing a text-to-speech
routine (like the one in the Speech/ Sound Pak manual). All
you have to do is send the number you want converted to
the routine as the variable C, and it will be returned as a
text string in A$. It sounds simple enough, and it is, but let's
look at it a little closer.
At first, the working variables will be cleared in Line
10270; this is where you should GD5UB to. Then it will be
checked in Line 10290 to see if it is too large for the routine.
If so, the message "That number is too large" will be
returned. After this, the number will be taken apart and
converted one digit at a time until the entire number is
contained in up to three string variables (Btt, C$, D$). The
contents of B$, C$ and D$ will be combined into A$, which
will be returned. A$ can then be sent to the text-to-speech
routine or combined with other text and spoken. The
numerical variables C and D are used within the routine and
are not preserved, so if you need the number contained in
C again, you must save it before entering the routine.
I have set up NumbText to resolve numbers from 0 to
299. If you don't need numbers that large, change the value
Lindsay Kooser lives in Yakima, Washington, and is one
of the founders of the CoCo club there. His first contact
with computers was the Radio Shack 4K Model 1. He also
serves as SysOp for his club 's BBS.
in Line 10290 to the largest number you will be using. If
you need a larger range of numbers, I have included a
sample of how the program can be expanded in lines 10360
to 10400. In addition to the logic line, you will have to add
the data line for the next text value you include. For
example, if you add the line in my sample, you would GD5UB
10565, which would read: 10565 B$ = "THREE
HUNDRED" : RETURN. This adds numbers up to 399. For
numbers over 1,000, another string variable would be
needed to remain compatible with the program as it stands.
I have intentionally left it short and simple so it can be
changed to fit anyone's needs (maybe negative or non-
integer numbers could be recognized). If you save Numb-
Text in ASCII format, you can merge it into any program
you are working on. Have fun.
(You may direct questions about this program to Mr.
Kooser at 800 Windy Lane, Yakima, WA 98903, 509-965-
1 106. Please enclose an SASE for a reply when writ-
ing.) □
The listing: NUMBTEXT
10000
10010
10020
10030
10040
10050
10060
10010
10080
1(5(390
10100
10110
10120
**********************
* NUMBTEXT *
* *
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
by Lindsay Kooser
800 Windy Ln.
Yakima, Wa. 989j33
CIS#-71416, 637
(c) 1986
Number to text sub
routine. For con-
verting a number
contained in f C !
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
38 THE RAINBOW June 1987
10130
10140
10150
10160
10170
10180
10190
10200
102 10
10220
10230
10240
10250
10260
10270
10280
10290
10300
10310
10320
GE
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
ii
10330
10340
10350
10360
10370
10380
10390
to a string value
contained in 'A$'
so that it can be
spoken by the R/S
Speech and Sound
Pack. The routine
must be called in
a gosub to operate
correctly. The
variables D,A$,B$
C$ and D$ are used
within the program
**********************
Subroutine entry point
B$="" : C$=" " : D$=" "
'Test for number to large
IFO299THEN10320
GOSUB10330
A$=B$+" "+C$+" "+D$: RETURN
A$="THAT NUMBER IS TOO LAR
RETURN
IFC=0THEND$=" 0 " : RETURN
IFC<10THENGOTO10520
I FC<2 0THENGOTO10 510
'Additional lines for
'numbers larger than 200
'go here. I.E. :
' IFC>299THENC=C-300 : GOSUB
10430
10440
10450
10460
10400 'to line containing text 3
00
10410 IFC>199THENC=C-200:GOSUB10
570
10420 IFC>99THENC=C-100 :GOSUB105
80
I FC= 0 THENRETURN
IFC<10THENGOTO10520
IFC<20THENGOTO10510
D=INT(C/10) :C=C- (D*10)
10470 GOSUB10500
10480 I FC= 0THENRETURN
10490 GOTO10520
10500 ON D-l GOSUB10690, 10700,10
710, 10720,10730,10740 , 10750, 1076
0 : RETURN
10510 ON C-9 GOSUB10590, 10600, 10
610,10620, 10630, 10640, 10650, 1066
0 , 10670 , 10680 :RETURN
10520 ON C GOSUB10770, 10780,1079
0,10800,10810,10820, 10830, 10840,
10850
10530 RETURN
10540 'Data for text to speech
10550 'Text is mis-spelled for
10560 'more correct pronunciatio
n
10570 B$="TWOHUNDERED" : RETURN
10580 B$="ONEHUNDERED" : RETURN
10590 C$
10600 C$-
10610 C$;
10620 C$:
10630 C$:
10640 C$:
10650 C$-
10660 C$=
10670 C$=
10680 C$=
10690 C$:
10700 C$ =
10710 C$ =
10720 C$=
10730 C$=
10740 C$=
10750 C$=
10760 C$=
10770 D$=
10780 D$=
10790 D$=
10800 D$=
10810 D$=
10820 D$=
10830 D$=
10840 D$=
10850 D$=
TEN" : RETURN
EELEVEN" : RETURN
TWELLVE " : RETURN
THHIRTEEN" : RETURN
FORTEEN " : RETURN
FFIFTEEN" : RETURN
SSSIXTEEN" : RETURN
SSSEVENTEEN" : RETURN
EIGHTTEEN" : RETURN
NINE TEEN": RETURN
TWEN T": RETURN
THHIR T": RETURN
4 T": RETURN
FIFTEE" : RETURN
SSSIXTEE" : RETURN
SSSEVENTEE" : RETURN
EIGHTEE" : RETURN
NINE TEE": RETURN
1 ": RETURN
2 ": RETURN
3 ": RETURN
FFOR ".'RETURN
FFFIVE ": RETURN
SSSIX ": RETURN
SSSEVEN ": RETURN
8 " : RETURN
9 ": RETURN
THE SOFTWARE HOUSE
ft DIVISION OF BATANATCH. INC.
/ DD
PROGRAMMERS
D I SK
1 12* FOR
OW •
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June 1987 THE RAINBOW 39
EARS
Electronic
Audio
Recognition
System
$99.95
^t^: - >=: 1 c—; ^ ca f
* --a i
Jttt -urai Man
• SPEECH
RECOGNITION
• HANDS OFF
PROGRAMMING
•HIGH
QUALITY
SPEECH
REPRODUCTION
EARS Does It All!
Ffrytdtw Structural Pattern
nking mad fhm Mi
Two Years In the Making. Speech Systems
was formed to develop new and innova-
tive speech products. After 2 years of in-
tensive Research and Development, we
have created a truely sophisticated
speech recognition device. Recognition
rates from 95% to 98% are typical. Until
now, such a product was outside the
price range of the personnel computer
market, and even small businesses.
EARS is trained by your voice and capable
of recognizing any word or phrase.
Training EARS to your particular voice
print takes seconds. Up to 64 voice prints
may be loaded into memory. You may
then save on tape or disk as many as you
like so that your total vocabulary is virtu-
ally infinite.
Speech and Sound Recognition. EARS is re-
ally a sound recognition system, so it re-
ally doesn't matter whether you speak in
English, Spanish, orFrench. In factyoudo
not have to speak at all, you can train
EARS to understand sounds such as a
musical note or a door slamming.
Hands Off Programming. Imagine writing
your own BASIC programs without ever
touching the keyboard. Everything that
you would normally do through a
keyboard can now be done by just
speaking.
Programming EARS Is Easy. LISTEN,
MATCH and other commands have been
added to BASIC so that programming
EARS is a piece of cake! The single BASIC
line: 10 LISTEN: MATCH will instruct
EARS to listen to you and return the
matching phrase.
It Talks. EARS is also capable of high qual-
ity speech. Wemean REALLY high quality.
The speech is a fixed vocabulary spoken
by a professional announcer. Speech
Systems is currently creating a library of
thousands of high quality words and
phrases. For a demonstration call (312)
879-6044, you won't believe your ears or
our EARS.
DISK OWNERS. EARS will work with any
disk system with either a MULTI-PAK or
Y-CABLE. Our new Triple Y-CABLE was
specifically developed for those wishing
to add SUPER VOICE as a third device.
You Get Everything You Need. You get ev-
erything you need including a specially
designed professional headset style noise
cancelling microphone. The manual is
easy to use and understand. Several
demonstration examples are included so
you don't have to write your own pro-
grams unless you want to. EARS will work
in any 32K or 64K Color Computer.
SUPER VOICE $20 OFF
Imagine talking to your computer and it
talking back to you. When you need an
unlimited vocabulary, you can't beat
SUPER VOICE. For a limited time, we will
give you the SUPER VOICE for $59.95 with
your EARS purchase. Even if you already
have another speech unit, here is your
chance to buy the best and save $20.
VOICE CONTROL
Applications for EARS are astounding.
Here is our first of many listening pro-
grams to come. VOICE CONTROL is a
program specifically designed to allow
you to control any appliance in your
house with your voice and our HOME
COMMANDER (sold separately) or the
Radio Shack Plug 'N' Power controller.
For example, you can control your TV by
saying "TV ON" or "TV OFF". . $24.95
FREE
BLANK DISK
OR MPf
WITH EVERY
^ OROfK ,^
Dealer Inquiries
Invited
-//>
peec
We accept CASH, CHECK, COD. VISA and MASTER CARD orders.
Shipping and handling US and Canada $3.00
Shipping and handling outside the US and Canada S5.00
COD charge S2.00
Illinois residents add SV*% sales tax
udlem5
38W255 DEERPATH ROAD
BATAVIA, ILLINOIS 60510
(312) 879-6880 (TO ORDER)
CALL ANY DAY TO ORDER. ALSO ORDER BY MAIL
TURB
RAM
TM
ft*
TURBO CHARGE YOUR COCO 3
w 512K Fast High Quality Memory.
Super Easy Solderless Installation. Installs in minutes.
W Assembled, tested, and burned-in.
f 120 ns RAM Chips
W High Quality Double Sided, Solder Masked, Silkscreenecl PC Board,
f Ideal tor OS9 Level II
\* 2 Year Warranty.
\* Free CIME Chip Technical Specs ($10.00 without Turbo Ram).
Free 5I2K Ram Test Program {$10.00 without Turbo Ram),
f Free MUSICA RAM Disk ($10.00 without Turbo Ram).
V $5 Off TURBO RAM Disk.
W Also available, TURBO RAM less memory chips. ...... $69.95
INSTALLATION m
It' you know how to hold a screwdriver, we're convinced you con
install Turbo Ram in minutes. However, if you like, send us your
COCO 3 insured, postage paid, and we will install it, pay the return
postage and guarantee it tor 1 year. $15.00
^ SATISFACTION GUARANTEED
It' tor any reason you wish to return Turbo Ram, you may do so
within 1 5 days and be charged only a 11% restocking charge. You
may keep the CIME CHIP Technical Specs, 512K Ram Test program
and MUSICA RAM DISK, a $30 value.
TURBO RAM DISK
TURBO RAM DISK adds 2 lightning fast Ram Disks to your COCO system.
Imagine saving and loading programs instantaneously and having hundreds
of your programs "on line" tor fast access. Single disk system users can
use TURBO RAM DISK to easily make backups without continuously
switching disks.
Requires 5I2K Turbo Charged COCO 3 $24.95
When purchased with TURBO RAM $19.95
COCO 3 128K
COLOR CONNECTION IV
This is the most comprehensive modem package tor the COCO 3. All
standard protocols are supported including CompuServe's Protocol B,
XMODEM protocol, and XON/XOFF. Full support of the auto answer/auto
dial feature for both Hayes compatible and some Radio Shack modems is
provided. Single key macros allow easy entry of often-used passwords and
ID's with a single key stroke.
Disk $49.95
COLOR SCRIBE III
This great Word Processor can take full advantage of the 8 0 column 'display
of the COCO 3. Justification, Headers, Footers, and Pagination make it
perfect for letters and documents as well as programming in BASIC, PAS-
CAL, "C," and Assembly Language. Over 2i line editing commands include
capabilities like character insert and delete, skip over words, breaking a
line, and morel
Disk $49.95
THE MAGIC OF ZANTH
In the Land of Zanth, magic is commonplace. Dragons, Griffins, Centaurs
and Demons abound. You are sent on a quest to discover the source of
mngic in the Land of Zanth. This intriguing adventure features over 2
dozen hi-res 1 6 color animated graphic screens, 4 voice music and sound
effects. The 16 color, 320 x 192 graphics look great.
Disk , , . . . , . $34.95
RETURN OF JUNIOR'S REVENGE
This is the same Junior you've seen in the Kong arcade series, but with
new COCO 3 graphics. This tireless little monkey must overcome all sorts
of obstacles (4 screens worth) to rescue his father, The King, from the
mean zookeeper. He will traverse the jungle and swamp, climb vines,
avoid chompers and birds, open locks, and more before he finally meets
with his big daddy. The 16 color, 320 x 192 graphics are superb.
Disk , ; $34.95
VVc accept CASH, CHECK. COD, VISA and MASTER CARD order*
Shipping ond handling US jncl Canada Si.00
Shipping nnd handling outside the US nnd Cinnd.i $5.00
COD Charge S2.00
Illinois residents add (V/-i",> sales tnx
38W255 DEERPATH ROAD
BATAVIA, ILLINOIS 60510
(312) 879-6880
0
9
TM
Jfo>
I
file em t mm rtisc
All Voices On
Tine Signature
Key Signature
Teppo
Reset block
■ Bill
Block delete
] Block copy
FILE EDIT MIDI MISC
LEGEND
B2
c y A o N ucaN cOM
useP s
Bio®
LYRA is the most powerful music composition program we have seen on
any computer. We don't mean just the COCO, we really mean any com-
puter. Whether you are a novice trying to learn music or a professional
musician with MIDI equipment you will find LYRA a powerful tool. You
see, we wrote LYRA for musicians that hate computers. It you want proof,
purchase a LYRA demo for $7.95. We will apply the demo price to your
purchase. MIDI output requires the LYRA MIDI cable (#MC158) or COCO
MIDI Seq/Editor (#CM147).
Ultra Easy to use, just point with joystick or
mouse and click.
Compose with up to 8 completely
independent voices.
Room for over 18,000 notes. (This is not
misprint!)
Super Simple Editing Supports:
Note insert
Note delete
Note change
Output music to:
TV Speaker
STEREO PAK
SYMPHONY 12
MIDI Synth
Block insert
Block delete
Block copy
Monitor Speaker
ORCHESTRA 90
COCO MIDI S/E
MIDI Drum Machine
Output up to 4 voices without additional
hardware.
Output all 8 voices using either SYMPHONY
12 or one or more MIDI synthesizers and
drum machines
Output any voice on any of the 8 MIDI
channels.
Transpose music to any key.
*> Modify music to any tempo.
Automatically inserts bar for each measure
as you compose
Key signature lets you specify sharps and
flats only once, LYRA will do the rest
Plays MUSICA 2 files using LYRA CONVERT
(#LC164).
*> Each voice may be visually highlighted or
erased.
Each measure is numbered for easy
reading.
- LYRA OPTIONS
Solo capability
Block edits are highlighted.
Tie notes together for musical continuity
Name of note pointed to is constantly
displayed.
\* Jump to any point in the score
instantaneously.
Memory remaining clearly displayed,
however you will have plenty of memory
even for the most demanding piece.
Help menu makes manual virtually
unnecessary.
LYRA is 100% software, no need for extra
hardware unless you want more power.
Music easily saved to tape or disk.
Requires 64K and mouse or joystick.
LYRA (Disk only) #LY1 22
$54.95
These LYRA options are
LYRA CONVERT
A program to convert MUSICA 2 tiles to LYRA
files.
(Disk) #LC164 $14.95
VERSION UPDATE
To receive the latest version of LYRA return your
original disk. #UP162 $10.00
LYRA MIDI CABLE
A cable to connect your computer to your MIDI
synthesizer.
#MC158 $19.95
We accept CASH, CHECK, COD, VISAand MASTER CARD orders
Shipping and handling US and Canada $3.00
Shipping and handling •uiside (he US and Canada S5.00
COD Charge $2.00
Illinois residents add 6'/<% sales fax
not required. They are provided for those wishing additional flexibility.
LYRA SYMPHONY 12 ENHANCER
Lets LYRA play all 8 voices through SYMPHONY
12.
(Disk) #LS1 77 .... , $19.95
LYRA LIBRARY
A collection of 50 songs ready to play for hours.
Most have 7 and 8 voices. #LL137 . $39.95
SYMPHONY 12
A real hardware music synthesizer, lets LYRA
play all 8 voices in stereo.
(T or D) #SY149 $69.95
COCO MID Seq/Editor
A professional quality MIDI inierface for MIDI
synthesizers.
(Disk only) #CM147 $149.95
MUSIC LIBRARY
A collection of over 900 songs. When used with
CONVERT, it gives an incredible LYRA library.
Each volume 100 songs.
(T or D) #MLXXX $29.95
COCO MAX is a trademark of Coldrw.ire
ORCHESTRA 90 is a trademark of Radio Shack
££(2.
it£mi
38W255 DEERPATH ROAD
BATAVIA, ILLINOIS 60510
(312) 879-6880
r
FILE EDIT MIDI HISC
j∈n
NIDI Instru«enis:
0
2
4
6
8
A
C
E
QJO 1 Brass 1
006 Piano 3
013 E Organ 5
003 Trunpet 7
018 Oboe 9
021 Vibrphn B
025 Clavier
043 Snaredr
D
F
005 String
009 Guitar
014 P Organ
016 Flute
019 Clarnet
026 Harpsch
032 Tinpani
045 Percusn
J J II JJ J J. .
Lyra
COMPATIBLE!
ted*
1
so
si
i i * t t i i * i i i
♦ V t I * I * t i i y
//#//g//f{|| | ||IHHU\\Ul\\l
ozicjinaf dilA tvitli $20.
Now your COCO can talk to your MIDI music synthesizer.
Whether you have a Korg, Roland, Casio, Yamaha, or Moog, it
doesn't matter as long as it's MIDI equipped. Choose from our
entry level MUSICA MIDI system that plays MUSICA files or our
Professional COCO MIDI 2 system.
i> Supports 16 Track recording and playback.
Adjustable tempo.
Over 45 Kbytes available
(Over 15,500 MIDI events possible)
Record to any track.
\* Low Level track editing
LYRA editing, (one voice per track).
Playback from any number of tracks.
Quantizing to '/i6. V32, /s* intervals.
v 0 Dynamic memory allocation.
*^ Filter out MIDI data:
Key pressure
Program change
Pitch wheel
Control Change
Channel Pressure
System Message
V Graphic Piano Keyboard Display in both
record and playback mode.
\* Adjustable Key (Transposition) for each
track.
^ Save recording to disk for later playback or
editing.
Syncs to drum machine as MASTER or
SLAVE.
DX LIBRARIAN
TM
PUNCH IN and PUNCH OUT editing.
^ Sequencer features.
100% machine code.
"Musician Friendly" Menu Driven.
Metronome
Many songs included.
Includes MIDI hardware interface, 2 MIDI ca-
bles, detailed manual, and software. Requires
64K C0C0, Y-Cable or Multi-Pak.
COCO MIDI 2 (disk only) #CM147 . $149.95
DOUBLE Y-CABLE #DV181 $28,95
TRIPLE Y-CABLE #TY1 73 $34.95
Save and load voice parameters for the Yamaha DX series of syn-
thesizers (DX-7, DX-100, DX-21 etc.). Save sounds individually
or as a group letting you load the entire synthesizer in seconds.
Comes with professionally developed voices for the DX-7 worth
10 times the price. Requires COCO MIDI hardware interface.
DX LIBRARIAN (Disk only) #DX143 $39.95
CASIO LIBRARIAN
Save and load voice parameters for any Casio synthesizer (CZ-101, memory or buffer. Requires COCO MIDI hardware interface.
CZ-1000, CZ-5000 etc.) You can save from the: presets, cartridge, CASIO LIBRARIAN (Disk only) #CL169 $39.95
MUSICA MIDI
MUSICA MIDI takes any MUSICA 2 music file and plays it through
your MIDI synthesizer. We offer you over 800 tunes from our
MUSIC LIBRARY series (sold separately) or create your own music
using MUSICA 2. Inlcudes: documentation, plenty of music, and
the cable to connect between the COCO and your synthesizer.
MUSICA MIDI Complete (Disk Only) #CM126 $39.95
MIDI KEYBOARD
If you own the Casio CZ-101 or similar MIDI synth, you know
that the mini keys and the short 3 or 4 octave keyboard is limiting.
MIDI KEYBOARD when used with our full size 5 octave keyboard
gives you the flexibility you need. Comes with cable to connect
the COCO to your MIDI synth.
MIDI KEYBOARD (Disk only) #MK167 $29.95
V \S Start
ers C\ub
CO
CO
Band
By Bill Bernico
1 began playing guitar in the summer of "64 when the
Beailes were sill the rage. I've kept up with ii over the
years, and it s all preity much second nature to me now,
hui I van remember I he difficulty I had when i first tried
lo plav a chord. The hooks available weren't the most
helpl til. I hey simply showed black dots on some lines to
rv preset! I chords,
loo bud I didn't have my l rusty CoCo back then, I could
haw tun this program and saved myself a lot of headaches,
Sn how a bom ill help you would-be Eddie Van Hale as get
Marled? All ii mkes is a guitar, your CoCo, this program
;md some patience.
Alter you run St rummer, you'll see what looks like the
lop section of a guitar neck up to Lhe fifth fret. The strings
Ml fttmiKi is u wtfif&ugkt mmputt'risi who enjoys golf,
muMt and programming, fie is a drummer with a rock hand
i i ti i I h\ i - \ to \/i t ■ hi 1 1 g an , It is ton s in .
are labeled on top and you'll sec a prompt asking for th
speed — slow, medium or fast. The slow option picks out
the individual notes of each chord slowly enough for you
to see how it's done. The fast option allows you to "strum"
a chord with the touch of a single key. The medium option
falls somewhere in between strumming and learning.
Once the speed is selected, the prompt changes to let you
select which chord you'll play. The choices are natural
chords from A to G, For those chords, simply press those
keys. The minor chords are represented by the keys- 1 to 9,
Keys I to 7 are the chords A minor through G minor. Key
H is C# minor and Key 9 is F# minor. I threw those two
in simply because you'll use them in a lot of simple songs.
Altogether there are 16 chords programmed into St rummer,
If you want to change speeds, simply press S when
selecting a chord and the speed prompt will reappear.
(Questions oh out this program may he directed to the
author at 708 Michigan Avenue, Sheboygan t W! 53081
Please enc lose an SASEfor a reply.) □
137
15 76
26 . .
39...
53 . .
END
109
. . .7
130
133
The listing: STRUMMER
1 1 STRUMMER by Bill Bernico
2 S$»CHR$(202) :F$=CHR$(128) :Z$=S
TRING$ (15, 128) : Y$=STRING$ (6,2j37)
:W$=CHR$ (2J37) :CLS5:F0RX=8T0488ST
EP32 :PRINT@X,S$; : NEXT : FORX=l 1T04
91STEP32 : PRINTSX, S$ ; :NEXT: FORX=l
4T0494STEP32 : PRINTSX, S$ ; :NEXT:FO
RX=17T0497STEP32 :PRINTSX,S$; :NEX
T : FORX=2 J3TO5J30STEP3 2
3 PRINTSX, S$ ;: NEXT: FORX=23TO503S
TEP3 2 : PRINTSX , S $ ; : NEXT : PRINT § 9 , Z
$; :PRINT@105,Z$; :FRINT§201,Z$; : P
RINTS297,Z$; : PRINTS 393 , Z$ ; : PRINT
(3489, Z$; :PRINTS8, "e" ; :PRINTS11, 11
a"; :PRINTS14, "d"; : PRINTS 17, "g" ; :
PRINTS20, "b" ; : PRINTS 2 3 , "e" ; : PRIN
T@0 , "guitar" ;
4 PRINTS 3 2 , "chords" ; : PRINTS224 , S
TRING$(6,207) ; ; PRINTS256 , STRING$
(6,207) ; :PRINT@288,S TRING$ ( 6 , 2J37
) ; :PRINTS320,STRING$(6,207) ; : PRI
NTS224, "select" ; :POKE1285 , 32 : PRI
NTS 2 56, " speed" ; : PRINTS288 , "S-M-F
" ? : FORX=1312T01316:POKEX, PEEK(X)
-64:NEXT:POKE1317,32
5 I$=INKEY$ : IFI$="S"THENPLAY"T2"
: GOTO 6 E LS E I F I $= "M" THENPLAY " T 8 " : G
OTO6ELSEIFI$="F"THENPLAY"T60" : GO
T06ELSE5
6 PRINTS224 , "select" ; : PRINTS256 ,
"chord" f : POKE1285, 32 :PRINTS288 , "
A - G";:PRINT@320,"1 - 9";:FORX=
1312T01316: POKEX , PEEK ( X ) - 6 4 : NEXT
: POKE13 17 ,32: FORX=13 4 4T013 4 8 : POK
EX,PEEK(X) -64 : NEXT: POKE1349 , 32
7 I$=INKEY$:IF I$=""THEN 7
8 PRINTS 130, W$+W$+W$;
9 IFI$="S"THEN4
IfS IF I$="C"THEN12ELSEIFI$="F"TH
EN13ELSEIFI$="G"THEN14ELSEIFI$="
1"THEN15ELSEIFI$="D"THEN16ELSEIF
I$="E"THEN17ELSEIFI$="A"THEN18EL
SEIFI$="B"THEN19ELSEIFI$="2"THEN
2j3ELSEIFI$="3"THEN21ELSEIFI$="4"
THEN22ELSEIFI$="5"THEN23ELSEIFI$
="6"THEN24
11 IFI$="7"THEN25ELSEIFI$="8"THE
N2 6ELSEIFI $=" 9 "THEN2 7ELSE7
12 PRINTS 13 0, "c" ; : GOSUB31 : GOSUB3
7 : GOSUB4 2 : GOSUB4 6 : GOSUB53 : GOSUB5
Two- Liner Contest Winner
If you like a mix of green and medicine, this one's
for you.
The listing:
5 PMODE4 : PCLS 1 : COLOR4 : SCREEN1 , 1 :
DRAW"BM5j3,96U4j3F2j3E2j3D4j3BMlj35,96
U4j3R2j3D2j3L2j3R2j3D2j3BM14j3 , 96R2j3U2j3
L2j3U2j3R2j3BM18j3 , 96U4j3D2j3R2j3U2j3D4j3
it
1J3 PLAY " L3 GL4 FEFEL8 FL4 EL3 . DL4EDE
DL8EL4 DL3 CL8EL4 DCDCL8 DL4 CL3 02 B03
L8DL4C02B03C02B03L8CL4DL1EL4 G AGL
8AL4GL4AL3GPlj3L4GAGL8AL4 GAL3GP10
L8GEGL8AL404CL3DL8CL803AL4GL1AL4
GEGA04CDC03AGL1 . A" : GOT05
Craig Murphy
Burlington, I A
(For this winning two-liner contest entry, the author has been sent copies oi
both Ttie Second Rainbow Book of Simulations and its companion The Second
Rainbow Simulations Tape.)
70fy fray exfoa fax aafatAne)
7
THE FIRST COMPLETE
COCO 3 512K UPGRADE
#1014 JRAMR 0K MEMORY/^ £7] £Jg
Assembled and Tested
Includes User Friendly, Highly Customizable
Double Ram Disk, Customizable Print Spooler,
Memory Test Program and Ramdisk Utilities
All Other Products & Software
UM B17I7
Offer good thru May 30. 1987. (Add $4.00 shipping & handling; add $3.00 CO D.)
PHONE TODAY
RAY JESSE
(301) 788-0861 (301) 987-9067
J&R Electronics / PO Box 2572 / Columbia, Md. 21045
June 1987 THE RAINBOW 45
8 : G0T07
13 PRINT§130, "f " ; :GOSUB29:GOSUB3
7 : G0SUB4 3 : G0SUB4 8 : G0SUB5 3 : G0SUB5
9 : G0T07
14 PRINT§13 0 , "g" ; : G0SUB3 1 : G0SUB3
6 : GOSUB40 : G0SUB46 : GOSUB52 : G0SUB6
1 : G0T07
15 PRINT§13 0 , "aM" ; : G0SUB2 8 : GOSUB
3 4 : GOSUB4 2 : G0SUB4 8 : GOSUB53 : GOSUB
58 : GOT07
16 PRINT§130, "d"; : GOSUB30 : GOSUB3
4 : GOSUB40 : GOSUB48 : GOSUB55 : GOSUB6
0 : GOT07
17 PRINT§130, 11 e" ; :GOSUB28:GOSUB3
6 : GOSUB42 : GOSUB47 : GOSUB52 : GOSUB5
8 : GOT07
18 PRINT §130, "a"; :GOSUB28:GOSUB3
4 : GOSUB42 : GOSUB48 : GOSUB54 : GOSUB5
8 : GOT07
19 PRINT§130 , "b" ; : GOSUB3 0 : GOSUB3
6 : GOSUB44 : GOSUB50 : GOSUB56 : GOSUB 6
0 : GOT07
20 PRINT§ 1 30, "bM"; :GOSUB30: GOSUB
3 6 : GOSUB44 : GOSUB50 : GOSUB55 : GOSUB
60 : GOT07
21 PRINT§130, "CM"; :GOSUB31: GOSUB
3 7 : GOSUB4 5 : G0SUB5 1 : GOSUB5 6 : GOSUB
61:GOT07
22 PRINT§130, "dM" ; : GOSUB3 0 : GOSUB
34 : GOSUB40 : GOSUB48 : GOSUB55 : GOSUB
59 : GOT07
23 PRINT§130,"eM" ; : GOSUB28 : GOSUB
3 6 : GOSUB4 2 : GOSUB4 6 : GOSUB5 2 : GOSUB
58 : GOT07
24 PRINT§13 0 , " fM" ; : GOSUB2 9 : GOSUB
3 7 : GOSUB4 3 : GOSUB4 7 : GOSUB5 3 : GOSUB
59:GOT07
25 PRINT§130 , "gM" ; : GOSUB3 1 : GOSUB
3 9 : GOSUB4 5 : GOSUB4 9 : GOSUB5 5 : GOSUB
61:GOT07
26 PRINT§130,"C#M"; : GOSUB32 : GOSU
B3 8 : GOSUB4 2 : GOSUB4 7 : G0SUB5 4 : GOSU
B58:GOT07
27 PRINT§130, "f#M" ; : GOSUB3 0 : GOSU
B3 8 : GOSUB44 : GOSUB48 : GOSUB54 : GOSU
B60 : GOT07
28 PRINT© 8, "E" ; : PLAY"02E" : PRINT§
8 , "e" ; : RETURN
29 PRINT§72,"F"; :PLAY"02F": PRINT
§72, S$; : RETURN
30 PRINT§168 , "F#" ; : PLAY"02F#" : PR
INT§168,S$+W$; : RETURN
31 PRINT§264 , "G" ; : PLAY"02G" : PRIN
T§264,S$; : RETURN
32 PRINT§3 60, "G#"; : PLAY"02G#" : PR
INT§360,S$+W$; : RETURN
3 3 PRINT§4 5 6 , "A" ; : PLAY "02 A" : PRIN
T@456,S$; : RETURN
34 PRINT§11 , "A" ; : PLAY"02A" : PRINT
46 THE RAINBOW June 1987
r
§11, "a" ;: RETURN
35 PRINT§75,"A#"; : PLAY"02A#" : PRI
NT§75, S$+W$ ; : RETURN
3 6 PRINT§171, "B" ;: PLAY "02B" : PRIN
T§171,S$ ;: RETURN
37 PRINT§2 67 , "C" ; : PLAY"03C" : PRIN
T§2 67,S$; : RETURN
38 PRINT§363 , "C#" ; : PLAY"03C#" : PR
INT§363,S$+W$; : RETURN
39 PRINT§459 , "D" ; : PLAY"03D" : PRIN
T§459,S$; : RETURN
40 PRINT§14 , "D" ; : PLAY"03D" : PRINT
§14, "d" ; : RETURN
41 PRINT§78 , "D#" ; : PLAY"03D#" : PRI
NT§78 , S$+W$ ; : RETURN
42 PRINT§174 , "E" ; : PLAY"03E" : PRIN
T§174,S$;: RETURN
43 PRINT§270, "F" ; : PLAY"03F" : PRIN
T§270,S$ ;: RETURN
44 PRINT§366, "F#"; : PLAY"03F#" : PR
INT § 3 6 6 , S $+ W$ ; : RETURN
45 PRINT§462 , "G" ; : PLAY"03G" : PRIN
T§462,S$; : RETURN
46 PRINT§17 , "G" ; : PLAY"03G" : PRINT
§17, "g" ; : RETURN
47 PRINT§81, "G#"; : PLAY "03G# ": PRI
NT§81,S$+W$; : RETURN
48 PRINT§177 , "A" ; : PLAY"03A" : PRIN
T§177,S$; : RETURN
49 PRINT§273, "A#"; :PLAY"03A#":PR
INT§273 , S$+W$ ; : RETURN
50 PRINT§369 , "B" ; : PLAY"03B" : PRIN
T§3 69, S$, •: RETURN
51 PRINT§4 65, "C" ; : PLAY"04C" : PRIN
T§465,S$; : RETURN
52 PRINT§20 , "B" ; : PLAY"03B" : PRINT
§20, "b" ; : RETURN
53 PRINT§84 , "C"; : PLAY"04C" : PRINT
§84, S$; : RETURN
54 PRINT§180, "C#"; : PLAY"04C#" : PR
INT§18 0 , S$+W$ ; : RETURN
55 PRINT§2 76 , "D" ; : PLAY"04D" : PRIN
T§276,S$; : RETURN
56 PRINT§372 , "D#" ; : PLAY"04D#" : PR
INT§372,S$+W$; : RETURN
57 PRINT§4 68, "E"; : PLAY"04E" : PRIN
T§468,S$; : RETURN
58 PRINT§23 , "E" ; : PLAY"04E" : PRINT
§23, "e" ;: RETURN
59 PRINT§87 , "F" ; : PLAY"04F" : PRINT
§87,S$; : RETURN
60 PRINT§18 3, "F#" ; : PLAY"04F#" : PR
INT§183 , S$+W$ ; : RETURN
61 PRINT§2 79, "G"; : PLAY"04G" : PRIN
T§279,S$; : RETURN
62 PRINT§375 , "G#" ; : PLAY"04G#" : PR
INT§ 3 7 5 , S $+W$ ; : RETURN
63 PRINT§471,"A"; : PLAY"04A" : PRIN
T§471,S$; : RETURN _
A Square Deal for
Teaching Math
By Steve Blyn
Rainbow Contributing Editor
Math facts are often a chore for
many students. Frequently,
students who have the great-
est need to master these facts quickly,
are the very students who have the most
difficulty learning them. This article
presents a method for reviewing math
operational facts.
It is wise to use a variety of methods
when learning math facts. Different
students learn through various means.
Flash cards are sufficient f or some lucky
students, while games are the best
solution for others. Any creative ap-
proach that can be offered to help all
students master the basic math facts
should be tried.
Our program presents numbers in a
two-by-two square. The child chooses
whether to add or multiply the
numbers. The numbers are computed
by the student first horizontally and
then vertically. A final question is given
after the four initial answers are calcu-
lated.
This final question requires adding or
multiplying the two vertical or horizon-
tal answers to obtain a final sum. The
Steve Blyn leaches both exceptional
and gifted children, holds two master's
degrees and has won awards for the
design of programs to aid the handi-
capped. He owns Computer Island and
lives in Stolen Island, New York.
answer will be the same whether the two
vertical or the two horizontal numbers
are used. This aspect of the program
somewhat resembles traditional "magic
square" problems that students of ten do
for extra credit.
Figure 1 is an example of a typical
i
!
8
!
!
! ?A?
i
! ?B?
?C? ?D? ??E??
Figure 1: Example problem
puzzle from this program. The student
is to solve for A, B, C, D and, finally,
E. The plus sign at the top left of the
puzzle indicates addition was chosen on
this round. The answers, of course, are
A- 11, B=13, C=12, D=12 and E=24.
The answer for E is computed by either
adding A+B or C+D.
Our program is set up for addition
and multiplication squares. Lines 60 to
100 permit the student to choose be-
tween the two or end the program. Line
130 selects random numbers for each
puzzle and lines 1 90 to 250 make certain
that numbers work out correctly.
The puzzle is printed by lines 540 to
610 and lines 140 to 170. The remainder
of the program asks for the answers. A
congratulatory message is printed if a
correct answer is given. A "sorry"
message accompanies incorrect
answers, which are then replaced by the
correct answer.
Many simple modifications are pos-
sible for this program. As it stands now,
it covers addition and multiplication
examples. You can easily change the
random numbers to make the program
more difficult, and a change to subtrac-
tion or division would not be much
trouble. If you try this, however, make
certain Line 200 or Line 240 checks out
each example. When doing subtraction,
checkfor a positive answer. When doing
division, check for a whole number
quotient.
June 1987 THE RAINBOW 47
Any four of the math operations can
also be used for checking decimal
number math. Again, change the ran-
dom numbers to fit your needs. Signed
number examples are yet another type
of math that can be used in this format.
If you are experimenting with any of
these modifications, please avoid any
disasters by saving a copy of the orig-
inal.
As an added challenge or follow-up
activity to this program, students may
be encouraged to do traditional true
magic squares. These are 3-by-3 squares
whose resulting sum is the same whether
the math is done horizontally, vertically
or diagonally. Several of the puzzle's
numbers are left out for the student to
compute.
Figure 2 shows an example of a magic
square. The solution to this magic
square is A=3, B-2 and C= 18. Any
horizontal row or any vertical column
(and even the two diagonal rows) will
equal 18. A nice challenge for our
readers would be to create a magic
squares computer program. As always,
we here at Computer Island enjoy
receiving letters and comments from
our readers. Keep them coming! □
+
- 1
1
1
| -
1
1
j
, \ —
A
I 10
5
i
- I
r
a
o
1 fi
- ■■■>
I
A
i
- i
-t
f
1 D
1 P
1
i
+
1
i
! C !
Figure 2: Magic Square
The listing: MflTHPLAY
370 IF Y=G THEN PRINT@ 3 2 4 , "GREAT
10 REM M SUPER SQUARES "
";: GOSUB 620 : PRINT@ 3 20 , " ": PRINT
2 0 REM"STEVE BLYN , COMPUTER
IS LAN
@325,G; : GOSUB 550
D, STATEN ISLAND, NY, 1987
380 IF YOG THEN PRINT@ 3 2 4 , " SORR
3 0 CLS
Y";:GOSUB 630 : PRINT@320 , " " : PRIN
40 PRINT@24 , "super" ;
T@325,G:GOSUB 550
50 PRINT@55 , "squares" ;
390 PRINT@3 30 , " 11 ;
60 PRINT@449 , "CHOOSE aDD OR
mULT
400 INPUT Z
IPLY OR eND";
410 IF Z=H THEN PRINT @ 3 3 1 , " YAY" ;
70 EN$=INKEY$
:GOSUB 620 : PRINT@330 , " ":PRINT@3
80 IF EN$="A" THEN J$="+ " : PRINT@
31, H; : GOSUB 550
34 , " + " ; :GOTO 120
420 IF ZOH THEN PRINT @ 3 2 9 ," SORR
90 IF EN$="M" THEN J$=" * " : PRINT@
Y";: GOSUB 620 : PRINT@329 , " " : PRIN
34, "X" ; :GOTO 120
T@331,H; :GOSUB 550
100 IF EN$ = "E" THEN CLS : END
430 PRINT@369 , " " ;
110 GOTO 70
4 40 INPUT R
120 PRINT@448 ," '»
450 IF R=I THEN PRINT@370 ," SUPER
130 A=RND ( 9 ) :B=RND(9) :C=RND(9) :D
";:GOSUB 620 : PRINT @ 3 69 , I
=RND ( 9 )
460 IF Rol THEN PRINT@3 70 , » SORR
140 PRINT@134,A;
Y";: GOSUB 630 : PRINT@ 3 69 , I
150 PRINT@140,B;
470 FOR T=1334 TO 1430 STEP 32:P
160 PRINT@230,C;
OKE T,128:SOUND 250,1:NEXT T
170 PRINT@2 3 6,D;
480 FOR T=1462 TO 1456 STEP-l:PO
180 IF J$="+" THEN 230
KE T,128:SOUND 250,1:NEXT T
190 E=A*B:F=C*D:G=A*C:H=B*D
: I=A*
490 PRINT@484 , "PRESS enter TO GO
D
AGAIN" ;
200 IF E*F<>G*H THEN 130
500 EN$=INKEY$
210 I=E*F:J=G*H
510 IF EN$="E" THEN CLS : END
220 GOTO 260
520 IF EN$=CHR$(13) THEN RUN ELS
230 E=A+B:F=C+D:G=A+C:H=B+D
: I=A+
E 500
D
530 GOTO 530
240 IF E+FoG+H THEN 130
540 REM "DRAW THE LINES"
250 I=E+F:J=G+H
550 FOR T=1090 TO 1104:POKE T,12
260 GOSUB 550
8: NEXT T
270 PRINT0145, "" ;
560- FOR T=1220 TO 1232: POKE T, 13
2 80 INPUT W
1:NEXT T
290 IF W=E THEN PRINT@145,"
CORRE
570 FOR T=1316 TO 1333: POKE T, 12
CT";: GOSUB 620 : PRINT@145 , E
8: NEXT T
300 IF WOE THEN PRINT@145,
"SORR
580 FOR T=1060 TO 1316 STEP 32:P
Y" ; : GOSUB 630 : PRINT@ 145 , E
OKE T, 128: NEXT T
310 PRINT@241 , " " ;
590 FOR T=1130 TO 1322 STEP 32:P
3 20 INPUT X
OKE T, 12 8: NEXT T
3 30 IF X=F THEN PRINT@2 41,"
GOOD"
600 FOR T=1136 TO 1424 STEP 32:P
;: GOSUB 620 : PRINT@2 4 1 , F
OKE T, 12 8: NEXT T
340 IF X<>F THEN PRINT@241,
"SORR
610 RETURN
Y M ; : GOSUB 630 : PRINT@2 4 1 , F
6 20 PLAY"L2 00CEGCEGFFFEEEDDDCCC "
350 PRINT@324 , "" ;
: RETURN
360 INPUT Y
630 PLAY"L30FFGG" : RETURN /«\
48
THE RA/NBOW
June 1987
Pick
From
the Music lenu
By Mark S. Camp
The Music* program by Bob Lud-
lum (June 1984 and June 1986
issues) is a terrific program for
making music with your CoCo. Using
Music* to create the music, I have
developed an entire collection of Chris-
tian hymns (60 as of this writing). I
quickly tired of trying to remember the
filename for each hymn and having to
LDADM and EXEC each one. So, I wrote
a small program to give me a menu to
select from, which made things a bit
easier. Yet, I felt that after all the time
programming the music, why not also
display the words to the verses as the
hymns played.
I developed Menu to select one hymn
from a menu of eight hymns or to play
all the hymns on the menu. You can not
only select and play songs created with
Music*, but also print the words to
verses as the songs play.
Lines 20 to 100 allow room to write
a screen for your menu, as well as load
in a song to play while the title screen
is being displayed. I have my program
load a binary picture file. To load a
picture (an extension of .BIN is as-
sumed), first remove the REM from lines
50 and 60. Then, substitute the filename
of your binary picture in place of TITL-
PIC in Line 50. To load in a title song,
simply remove the REM in Line 100 and
substitute the filename of the song you
Mark Camp lives in Ballwin, Missouri,
and is an archives specialist with the
National Personnel Records Center in
St. Louis. He is also an ordained min-
ister in the Southern Baptist Conven-
tion.
want to play in place of TITLSDNG.
Lines 170 to 240 contain the titles of
eight songs that will be displayed on the
menu. Remember, substitute a regular
title for the string TITLE. For example,
if the first song on the menu is "Amaz-
ing Grace," Line 170 would read:
170 A$="AMAZING GRACE"
Line 370 loads in the song that cor-
responds to Selection 1 on the menu. If
my binary MUSIC+ file for "Amazing
Grace" was called AMAZING, I would
change the XXXXX in Line 370 so the line
would read:
370 LO ADM" AMAZING"
Substitute song filenames in place of
XXXXX in lines 370, 510, 640, 770, 900,
1030, 1160 and 1290.
Now, let's type in words to verses.
These lines are the beginning of new
selections: 320, 460, 590, 720, 850, 980,
1110 and 1240. Following these lines
you will see some lines that contain the
statements:
REM uords to verse 1 (or to verse
2)
REM uords
Delete these REM statements and substi-
tute lines with PRINT statements con-
taining the words to one verse. For most
hymns you will be able to get all the
words to a verse and chorus in two or
three program lines. Songs with long
verses may not fit onto one screen. This
is a limitation of this program. Using a
Hi-Res screen would give more room
for words; however, some Hi-Res
screens I tried messed up the repeat
execution of the songs.
Let's look at the program process for
one song selection. After the title screen
is displayed and the title song is played,
the selection menu appears. You can
play either one song or all the songs.
You are asked before each song whether
or not you want all the verses.
Suppose you select the first song on
the menu. Notice the routine beginning
at Line 330. The title to the song is
printed and you are asked if you want
all verses. No matter whether you
choose Y or N, the words to Verse One
are displayed and the song is loaded and
executed. The GOSUB routine in Line
1380 stops the disk drive after the song
is loaded and executes the song; other-
wise, the drive would spin while the
song is playing. Remember — the EXEC
in Line 1380 takes care of song execu-
tion for Verse One on all menu selec-
tions.
If you answered Y to the question
"Do you want all verses?" the program
plays Verse One then goes to Line 400,
displays the words to the next verse and
executes the song again, which is still in
memory. Notice that if you only have
one verse to a song, you should delete
any other lines in that particular song
section up to the line that reads:
IF A=0 THEN. . .
You should only have as many sets of
PRINT and EXEC statements as you do
verses. Lines marked: REM WORDS can be
used to print additional verses. You may
June 1987
THE RAINBOW
49
need to add a line or two. You will also
need to add some EXEC statements if
you intend to execute the song more
than two times.
If you answered N to the verse ques-
tion, the program jumps to Line 440 to
see if you selected to play all of the songs
on the menu. If not, you are returned
to the selection menu. If you did select
to play all the songs, the program jumps
to the next song section and the routine
continues.
In summary, this is a very simple
program and there are only a few tips
to keep in mind:
• When you make a music file with
Music+, make it so that it only
plays through one verse. The EXEC
statements will make it repeat as
necessary.
• You should only have as many
PRINT and EXEC statements within
each section as you do verses. If
you only have words to two verses
and do not delete any extra EXEC
statements within each song sec-
tion of the program, the song will
continue to EXEC.
When making a song with Music*,
I find it helpful to place a quarter
rest either at the beginning or end
of the song. This will give a short
break between the EXEC state-
ments.
Be sure to substitute song filenames
for XXXXX in the LOflDM "XXXXX"
statements; otherwise, you will get
an NE Error.
The regular screen format of the
CoCo is adequate for printing the
words to most hymns. If you have
a chorus that is repeated after each
verse, save yourself some typing.
Type the chorus in the bottom of
the song section and make a GOSUB
routine after each verse of words
and before the EXEC statement.
In closing, let me suggest a use for
CoCo music. In the past I have pastored
small churches where often there was no
organist or pianist. This meant singing
without instruments. On one occasion,
I made recorded tapes by playing the
hymns from my CoCo through the
stereo. Then, on Sunday, I took the tape
along with a portable stereo to church.
You guessed it — CoCo at the piano!
With the numerous recent develop-
ments in music programs and stereo
packs for the CoCo, you might find
church music can take on dimensions
never dreamed of before, especially in
small churches. My thanks to Bob
Ludlum for a super program in Music*.
(You may address questions about
this program to the author at 221
High view Drive, Ballwin, MO 6301 1.
Please enclose an SASE for a reply. )D
Editor's Note: RAINBOW ON TAPE and
RAINBOW ON DISK will include a Music*
file, called HYMN, which can be used with
Musxmenu.
^^270 ...
The listing: MU5XMENU
270
46G
710 .
950 .
1130
END
141
202
.58
216
235
142
T
CLS
REM lines 20-70 are for
REM title screen such as
REM words or binary picture
REM LOADM "TTTLPIC"
10
20
30
40
50
60 REM PMODE4,l:SCREENl,l
70 REM
80 REM line 100 can be used
90 REM load a title song
100 REM LOADM" TITLSONG" : GOSUB150
0
110 CLS
120 CLS : PRINTTAB ( 6 ) "SONG SELECTI
ON MENU"
130 PRINTTAB(1)STRING$(30,"%")
140 PRINT" WHICH WOULD YOU LIKE
TO HEAR?"
150 PRINT
160 REM ***TITLE LINES 170-240**
170 A$="TITLE"
180 B$="TITLE"
190 C$="TITLE"
200 D$="TITLE"
210 E$="TITLE"
220 F$="TITLE"
230 G$="TITLE"
240 H$="TITLE"
250 I$="end program"
260 J$="play all of above songs"
270 PRINT " 1 - " A$ : PRINT " 2 - " B$ : PRIN
T"3-"C$: PRINT"4-"D$:PRINT"5-"E$:
PRINT " 6 - " F $ : PRINT " 7 - " G $ : PRINT " 8 -
"H$ : PRINT"9-"I$ : PRINT"0-" J$
280 PRINT: INPUT" # OF SONG...";A
290 CLS: IF A=0 THEN PRINT" YOU WI
LL BE ASKED AT THE" : PRINT" BEGINN
ING OF EACH SONG WHETHER" : PRINT"
OR NOT YOU WANT ALL VERSES.": FOR
ZZ=1TO2 800:NEXTZZ
300 IF A=0 THEN 330
310 ON A GOTO 330,470,600,730,8 6
0,990,1120,1250,1360
320 REM ***SONG 1 SECTION***
330 CLS :PRINTA$: PRINT :GOSUB13 70
340 CLS: PRINT" (1) "
350 REM words to verse 1
360 REM words
370 LOADM" XXXXX"
380 GOSUB1380
390 IF V$="Y" THEN 400 ELSE GOTO
440
400 CLS: PRINT" (2) "
410 REM words to verse 2"
420 REM words
430 EXEC
50
THE RAINBOW June 1987
„ £ CO«" P
■SgSJS!- ••••
9 * ■ av a°
I*
I
■ IS? 'SKIS***' '
_ So
iV^So ^ D
.95
»<30 *° JaUP 10
R0 G
TTI-
{CO
49
c
in*
U CT*
A4A0
QO
S^ 1
44JZ) IF A=j3 THEN 47 J3
45j3 GOT012j3
46j3 REM ***SONG 2 SECTION***
47j3 CLS : PRINTB$ : PRINT : GOSUB137 j3
48j3 CLS : PRINT" (1) 11
49j3 REM words to verse 1
5j3j3 REM words
51)8 LOADM ff XXXXX ff
52j3 GOSUB138j3
53JZ) IF V$= ff Y f! THEN 54j3 ELSE GOTO
57j3
54j3 CLS: PRINT" (2) "
55j3 REM words to verse 2
56j3 EXEC
57j3 IF A=j3 THEN 6j3j3
58) 3 GOT012j3
59) 3 REM ***SONG 3 SECTION***
6) 3)3 CLS:PRINTC$:PRINT:GOSUB137)3
61) 3 CLS: PRINT" (1) "
62) 3 REM words to verse 1
63) 3 REM words
64) 3 LOADM"XXXXX"
65) 3 GOSUB138)3
66) 3 IF V$="Y" THEN 67)3 ELSE GOTO
7)3)3
67) 3 CLS: PRINT" (2) "
68) 3 REM words to verse 2 I
69) 3 EXEC
7) 3)3 IF A=J8 THEN 73)3
71) 3 GOT012)3
72) 3 REM ***SONG 4 SECTION***
73) 3 CLS:PRINTD$:PRINT:GOSUB137)3
74) 3 CLS: PRINT" (1) "
75) 3 REM words to verse 1
76) 3 REM words
77) 3 LOADM"XXXXX"
78) 3 GOSUB138)3
79) 3 IF V$="Y" THEN 8)3)3 ELSE GOTO
83)3
8) 3)3 CLS: PRINT" (2) "
81) 3 REM words to verse 2
82) 3 EXEC
83) 3 IF A=J8 THEN 8 6)3
84) 3 GOT012)3
85) 3 REM ***SONG 5 SECTION***
86) 3 CLS :PRINTE$: PRINT :GOSUB137)3
87) 3 CLS: PRINT" (1) "
88) 3 REM words to verse 1
89) 3 REM words
9) 3)3 LOADM"XXXXX"
91) 3 GOSUB138)3
92) 3 IF V$ = "Y" THEN 93)3 ELSE GOTO
96)3
93) 3 CLS: PRINT" (2) "
94) 3 REM words to verse 2
95) 3 EXEC
96) 3 IF A^j3 THEN 99)3
97) 3 GOT012)3
98) 3 REM ***SONG 6 SECTION***
99) 3 CLS:PRINTF$:PRINT:GOSUB137)3
1)3)3)3 CLS: PRINT" (1) "
1)31)3 REM words to verse 1
1)32)3 REM words
1)33)3 LOADM"XXXXX"
1)34)3 GOSUB138)3
1)35)3 IF V$="Y" THEN 1)36)3 ELSE GO
TO 1)39)3
1)36)3 CLS: PRINT" (2) "
1)37)3 REM words to verse 2
1)38)3 EXEC
I) 39)3 IF A=J8 THEN 112)3
II) 3)3 GOT012)3
III) 3 REM ***SONG 7 SECTION***
112) 3 CLS :PRINTG$: PRINT :G0SUB13 7)3
113) 3 CLS: PRINT" (1) "
114) 3 REM words to verse 1
115) 3 REM words
116) 3 LOADM"XXXXX"
117) 3 GOSUB138)3
118) 3 IF V$="Y" THEN 119)3 ELSE GO
TO 122)3
119) 3 CLS: PRINT" (2) "
12) 3)3 REM words to verse 2
121) 3 EXEC
122) 3 IF A=J8 THEN 125)3
123) 3 GOT012)3
124) 3 REM ***SONG 8 SECTION***
125) 3 CLS :PRINTH$: PRINT: GOSUB 13 7)3
12 6)3 CLS: PRINT" (1) M
127) 3 REM words to verse 1
128) 3 REM words
129) 3 LOADM"XXXXX"
13) 3)3 GOSUB138)3
131) 3 IF V$ = "Y" THEN 132)3 ELSE GO
TO 135)3
132) 3 CLS: PRINT" (2) "
13 3)3 REM words to verse 2
134) 3 EXEC
135) 3 GOT012)3
136) 3 P0KE113 , 3 :EXEC4j3999
137) 3 PRINT: INPUT" DO YOU WANT ALL
VERSES (Y/N) ";V$: RETURN
13813 POKE &HFF4 0,0: EXEC : RETURN
Hint . . .
Set the Tone for Input
In order to make your programs more user-friendly,
precede all INPUT and INKEYS statements with a tone.
This is a simple way of letting the user know that the
computer is asking for input. A good statement to use
for generating the tone is SDUND100 , 5. While this
"hint" is really just common sense, the little extra
trouble will be much appreciated by other users.
John Dillon
Fullerton, CA
52
THE RAINBOW June 1987
A Matter of Drives
By Marty Goodman
Rainbow Contributing Editor
Are 1.2- Meg, quad-density drives the
same as 7 20 K drives? Can I use them on
the Co Co? Can I use an Atari, 3 l / 2 ~inch
720K drive on a Co Co?
Mike Knudsen
(RAGTIMER)
Wheaton, IL
The 1.2-Meg, 5 '/4-inch drives used on
the IBM PC AT are not compatible with
Color Computerdisk controllers. These
drives use an electronic protocol for
data transmission different from that
used by 160K, 320K and 720K capacity
drives. They are not the same as the
double-sided, 80-track drives used by
other systems. The PC AT type, 1.2-
Meg drives use a signal protocol iden-
tical to that used by the older 8-inch
drive technology at the time 8-inch
drives became obsolete. Their data
transfer rate is twice that of other 5 ] A-
inch drives, and data density is twice as
great, too.
Martin H. Goodman, M.D., a physi-
cian trained in anesthesiology, is a
longtime electronics tinkerer and out-
spoken commentator — sort of the
Howard Cosell of the Co Co world.
Marty is the database manager of RAIN-
BOW'S CoCo and OS-9 Online SIGs on
Delphi. His non-computer passions
include running, mountaineering and
outdoor photography. Marty lives in
San Pablo, California,
The Atari 520 and J 040 ST machines
use industry standard, 3 14-inch drives
that, in theory, can be directly hooked
to a Color Computer disk controller
with the correct connectors and cable.
Although Atari uses an odd connector
on its main com puter box for the drives,
inside the drive sports a normal 34-pin,
dual-row header 3 '/2-inch drive connec-
tor. Connectors that crimp to ribbon
cable and mate to that connector on the
3'/ 2 -inch drive are available everywhere,
including Radio Shack (Catalog No.
276-J525). However, such Atari drives
tend to be terminated in an odd way. So
pay close attention to what kind and
size of terminator resistors are used on
the Atari drive you are planning to
adapt for the CoCo.
Hi-Res Joystick Interface
Can you tell me how to use the Radio
Shack Hi- Res joystick interface?
Brian Biggs
( B/GGSER)
Grove Cily, OH
OS-9 Level 11 has drivers that support
the Hi-Res joystick interface built into
it. This allows OS-9 programmers to
easily design software supporting the
Hi-Res joystick adapter. Steve Bjork, in
his series of articles about the Mouse
software published in rainbow last
year, presents source code for using the
Hi-Res joystick interface. Unfortu-
nately, the interface is of little use with
existing software written for Disk Ex-
tended basic. Assembly language pro-
grammers should study that code care-
fully if they plan to write code for the
interface. In particular, they should
note how Steve synchronizes the start of
the ramp generator with the horizontal
sweep to reduce jitter in the position
check caused by interference between
the monitor and the interface.
Drive Stepping Rates
How do I change the stepping rates
of disk drives under OS-9 Level I J?
Bill Jackson
(BILLJACKSON)
Sacramento, CA
In the Utilities database in the Delphi
OS-9 Online SIG is a small program
called Dmode. After downloading it, be
sure to set the E attribute with attr,
then set your step rate by typing dmode
/d0 STP=3, then CDBBLERing a new
system disk. Thanks to Greg Law
(GREGL, one of our OS-9 SysOps) for
this information.
1 suggest reading the OS-9 manual for
information about how such parame-
ters as step rates are stored in the device
descriptor. Changing the step rate is just
a matter of altering a single byte in a
parameter table in the appropriate
June 1987 THE RAINBOW 53
device descriptor. This can be accom-
plished using the Dmode utility, or any
of a number other approaches.
How Many Drives
I'd like some clarification about the
number of floppy drives f can hook to
a Color Computer. Some say I can hook
three, others four, and some allege they
can h0ok 16 or more.
Paul Ward
(PKW)
Arlington, VA
There are limitations to the number
of drives you can hook to a CoCo disk
controller. If you are using single-sided
drives, the maximum supported is four.
If youVe using double-sided drives, the
controllers can support a maximum of
three floppy drives. The reason for this
is that the CoCo controller lacks an
official side-select line and, instead, was
designed to use Pin 32 (normally the
side-select line) of its floppy controller
to select for the fourth drive in the
system. Thus, when double-sided drives
are used, there is no select line for the
fourth drive, because that is now being
made to serve (by appropriate driver
software) as a side-select line. Only
three drive select lines remain, and thus
only three double-sided floppies can be
used.
In practice, three really are all you are
likely to need. Three double-sided, 80-
track drives give over two megabytes of
storage. If you need more, use a hard
drive system.
Of course, hardware hackers, by
combining software and hardware
modifications, can address any number
of drives. Indeed, using only a chip or
two, you can easily support 16 drives.
To me it seems a waste of effort that
would be more sensibly directed at
setting up a hard drive system.
64 Color Display
I've seen demonstrator programs that
display all 64 of the CoCo 3's colors on
the screen at once. Will we see games
and other applications that can do this
too?
Eric Crichlow
(DIA wa)
Las Vegas, NV
No. The programs that display all 64
colors use very specialized and "sneaky"
tricks to accomplish this, which in-
volves altering the color palette during
the scan of the video picture. This sort
of thing eats up an enormous amount
of processor time and is of little use in
programs that do more than display a
single, static picture. On the CoCo 3, it
also results in some "noise" on the
screen, due to "settling" of the data in
the palette registers of the GIME chip.
On the other hand, it is true that the
trick of switching color sets has in the
past been employed on the CoCo. The
Dragonfire ROM pack uses that trick
to achieve eight colors on the screen at
once in a CoCo 2 mode that normally
only supports four colors.
Do-It-Yourself Upgrade
What do you think of piggybacking
four sets off our 4 J 256 chips and mount-
ing them on an J 8- pin header as a means
of achieving a "do-it-yourself" CoCo 3
51 2K upgrade? Are C65 and C66 in the
CoCo 3 merely RFI suppression capac-
itors, and is that why they are often
removed in the course of doing CoCo
3 memory upgrades? What about CIO,
CI 1 and C61? Are they RFI suppres-
sors, and is there qny advantage to
GRAFPLOT
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Months Since T-Bi 11 Investments
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ADD »3. 00 BHIPPING ON ALL ORDERS. CA. RESIDENTS ADD BALES TAX
NOW AVAILABLE
ADOS-3 FOR CoCo 3
See June "Received and
Certified" for new features
Disk $34.95 (for CoCo 3 only)
ADOS
ENHANCED, EPROM-ABLE
DISK BASIC
Now you can supercharge Basic wiin an impressive array ot extra features
WITHOUT sacrificing compatibility' AOOS is compatible wiin virtually t00°'a or
commercial software Customizing utilities are p-ovrded io allow user defined
command abbreviations baud rale step rale Hacks per rjisk f 35 or dO). supporl ol
double-sided drives, and more Alter customizing AOOS. you can have it burned mio
an EPROM that plugs «nto the Disk Basic ROM soCKCl. o' juSt use M m RAM as a 64K
disk utility (EPROM * burning will COSI about S20-we piOvirJe information
concerning now you can nave tnis done ) Features include • repeat and edit of the
last direct-mode command • 26 definable controi.key abbreviations • automatic imc
number prompts • OOS commano ♦ lowercase command e"try la (me complement io
a Lowerkii -v PBJ WordPak) • COPY diiename 1 to (drive number) • AE error override
option • RAM command (64K) • RUNM command * lex I echoing io printer • ML
monitor ♦ text die scan • ennanced directory • e'toi (rapping • ni res text utility
included \d2. 5t or 6d characters per iinei
((or CoCo }. 2 only)
THE PEEPER
ML PROGRAM TRACER
Monitor machiriei?mguage programs AS THEY ARE RUNNING' Peeper actually
umesM.ires *ith ihe target program giving FULL CONTROL as ML piograms run
Switch mstaniiy DC-tween watching regular program output and Peeper s trace ot
registers ano stack on screen or printer inspect memory in any ot 26disptay mooes
Execution speed can be varied trom fui» speeo to ine barest crawl, or nailed entirely,
as programs run Single Stepping breakpoints memory Or register examine/Change
Relocatable, supports 6<iK ust? ;i6k reoui/ed) See February 85 review
Disk $23,95 Assomblersourca listing Add 3.00
NEW FOR COC03
CUSTOM CABLE FOR MAGNAVOX RGB MONITORS
The Magnavox 8CM515 and 8CM505 monitors, containing RGBA. RGBI, and audio
inputs, sell at prices comparable to Tandy's CM-8, and represeni a lar belter buy
for CoCo3 users. Composite input, which CM-8 lacks, is required lor seeing PMOOE
4 displays in color RGBI allows the Magnavox. unlike the CM-8. to be used with
PC-Compatibles — a big resale consideration. . Cable 19.95
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w / \ — Miami, Florida 33176
No delay on personal checks < 305 > 274-3899 Djyu-
Please add $2.00 shipping Sorry no credit cards or CODs tvo y
54
THE RAINBOW June 1987
Computer design
your own
sportswear
in color with
NEW!
PRINT' n WEAR!
Transfer Paper
yanking them? Will the new 1 bit-by- J
megabyte or the new 4 bit-by-256 K
chips that are just now being released be
of use in future Co Co 3 upgrades?
Vincent S. Estep
Cameron, MO
While it should be possible to make
a working upgrade using the piggyback
method you suggest, I do not recom-
mend it, primarily because in its current
form, the 512K CoCo 3's DRAMs
generate a lot of heat, and your sug-
gested piggyback arrangement is rather
poor for heat dissipation. If you want
to try such an ill-advised approach, be
sure to add to each DRAM chip a .33
mfd deglitching capacitor diagonally
across its power supply pins. Failure to
do so will result in an especially unre-
liable upgrade.
C65 and C66 are most definitely not
RFI suppression caps. Instead, they
appear to be "R AS/ CAS timing fudge
factor" caps that, in conjunction with
R22 and R23, alter the timing of the
RAS and CAS lines to the DRAM
chips to apparently fix some flaw in the
GIME chip. This timing fudge factor
apparently.does not work with the 5 1 2K
upgrade, and that is why you are in-
structed to remove one or both of C65
and C66, or to alter the value of one of
the resistors in that circuit there. CIO,
CI I, and C61 do appear to be RFI
suppressors on the E clock, Q clock and
CTS line, respectively. I tend to agree
with your suggestion that removing
them will improve the reliability of the
CoCo 3's operation, as I would expect
them to "mushify" the E and Q clock
timing signals and the CTS select line.
But I have not tested this theory.
Regarding the newer, one megabit
DRAM chips: I have been watching the
prices on these items with interest.
While the 1 bitwide-by-1 megabit chips
will be of no interest to CoCo 3 owners,
the 4 bit wide-by-256K chips might
form the basis of a very sensible upgrade
for the CoCo 3 when the price comes
down enough. The last time I checked,
retail prices for the 1 bit-by- 1 megabit
chips were around $25, and the 4 bit
wide-by-256K chips were around $40.
When the price on the 4 bit-by-256K
chips drops to $10 or less, they will
present attractive alternatives for CoCo
3 upgrades. They will have the advan-
tage of lower power consumption and
better timing when used in the CoCo 3.
Note that the 4 bit-by-256K chips
have 20 pins, not 18 like the 4 bit-by-
64K chips that come with a 1 28K CoCo
3. The pin out is such that they are not
amenable to being placed in the existing
18-pin socket used by the 4 bit-by-64K
chips. Either a redesign of the CoCo 3
motherboard or a different plug in
upgrade board will be required. It's
possible that a year or two from now the
CoCo 3 could be sold as a 512K only
computer, with such 4-by-256K chips
used on the motherboard if Tandy elects
to redesign the board to support this.
CoCo 3 Hard Drives
I'm looking for a hard drive for my
CoCo 3. I've seen some ads for a 20- Meg
hard drive and IBM controller in Com-
puter Shopper priced at about $350 to
$450. Can / use these?
Erol Senakis
(EROL)
Elmhurst, NY
The "controller" card used by the
IBM PC is, strictly speaking, not a
controller card, but rather a combina-
tion of a controller card and an IBM-
specific "host adapter. " Thus, IBM
"hard drive controller cards" generally
are useless with the Color Computer.
Instead, you need to use a CoCo host
adapter made by Tandy, or L&R Tech
(sold by Owlware), or by CRC (Disto)
that, in turn, plugs into one or another
brand of stand-alone hard drive con-
troller board, such as the Xebec 140 1 A
controller. This stand-alone controller
board in turn can connect to any of a
number of hard drive units. You might
find it to your advantage to buy the hard
drive unit without a controller via
Computer Shopper, and perhaps, after
deciding on a particular hard drive host
adapter, shop for the needed stand-
alone board via mail order. But IBM
controller cards tend to be specific for
the IBM system bus and, as such, are
worthless for the Color Computer.
Your technical questions are welcomed.
Please address them to CoCo Consultations,
THE rainbow, P.O. Box 385, Prospect, KY
40059.
We reserve the right to publish only
ques tion s of general interest and to edit for
brevity and clarity. Due to the large volume
of mail we receive, we are unable to answer
letters individually.
Questions can also be sent to Marty
through the Delphi CoCo SIG. From the
CoCo SIG> prompt, pick Rainbow Maga-
zine Services, then, at the RAINBOW>
prompt, type ASK (for Ask the Experts) to
arrive at the EXPERTS> prompt, where
you can select the "CoCo Consultations"
online form which has complete instruc-
tions.
It 's easy to do!
1 Use computer graphics
to create designer
originals on your
monitor.
2 Place New PRINT 'n
WEAR! 7W transfer
paper into printer
and print YOUR
original designs.
3 Iron transfers onto
Beach/Athletic/
Sweat/T-Shirts, etc
(Using ordinary
hand-iron).
Great to Wear! Great to Give!
NOTE:
• For use with both dot matrix and thermal
ribbon printers.
• Color can be added with crayon if printer
has black ribbon only. When ironed, both
crayons and print will transfer in soft
washproof color.
For Dealer/Distributor information;
F0T0-WEAR! Inc., 62 Herbert Drive,
East Brunswick, NJ 08816.
Mail coupon to: FOTO-WEARt Inc.
P.O. Box 1040, Grand Rapids, MN 55745
1
Please send
pack(s) of PRINT'n WEAR!
at $15.95 each (10 transfer sheets in a pack).
I have enclosed $1.50 for postage and handling.
□ Payment enclosed (Check or Money Order)
Q Visa □ Mastercard
Card i
Exp. dale
Signature
Name
Address
L
Cny State. Zip
J
June 1987
THE RAINBOW
55
TOM MIX'S MINI-CA r
FLIGHTS
•Flight 16
Our very newest flight simulator. A full
instrument aircraft that features the
following:
• Works with all COCO's
• Realistic flight controls
• Flight editor included to change flight
parameters
• Design your own airports and flight
areas
• Flies like Cessna 150
• Full graphics & sound
Joysticks Required $34.95
Specify Tape or Disk
—Educational Best-Sellers! —
* Teachers Database II— Allows teachers
to keep computerized files of students.
Recently updated with many new features!
• Up to 1 00 students, 24 items per student
■ Many easy-to-follow menus
■ Records can be changed, deleted,
combined
• Statistical analysis of scores
■ Grades can be weighed, averaged,
percentaged
• Individual progress reports
• Student seating charts
• Test result graphs/grade distribution
charts
64K TD BII $59.95 Disk Only
32KTDB $42.95
NOW AVAILABLE FOR IBM PC &
COMPATIBLES-Holds information on up to
250 students with as many as 60 individual
items of data for each. Contains the
features listed above PLUS.
Requires 128K - $89.95
Factpack-Three programs for home or
school use provide drill and practice with
basic "-/+/-/x" Grades 1-6.
32K Ext. Basic $29.95
Specify Tape a Disk
Vocabulary Management System -Helps
children learn and practice using vocabu-
lary and spelling words. Eleven programs
including three printer segments for tests,
puzzles, worksheets and five games; many
features make this a popular seller!
Requires 16K E xt. Basic/ $42.95
32K for Printer Output
Specify Tape or Disk
Fractions-A Three-Program Package.
1 /Mixed & Improper 2/Equivalence
3/Lowest Terms. Practice, review and defi-
nitions make learning easy.
32 K Ext. Basic $35.95
Specify Tape or Disk
'Worlds of Flight
Small Plane Simulation
Real-time simulation generates panoramic
3-D views of ground features as you fly
your sophisticated plane in any of nine
different "worlds." Program models over 35
different aircraft/flight parameters. Realistic
sound effects too! Manual included helps
you through a typical short flight.
32 K Machine Languag e
Joysticks Required $34.95
Specify Tape or Disk
Tom Mix Products at
New Reduced Prices!
Dragon Slayer— Defeat the dragon by
finding your way through a mountain maze.
Gather treasure but avoid the deadly traps!
1 60 exciting screens.
32K & Joystick or Ke y board
" Disk $24.95
'Sailor Man— Defeat the bigfatbadguy and
win Elsie's heart. Super graphics.
64K
$27.95
•The King-
32K
$27.95
* Draconian—
32K
$22.95
* Ms. Maze-
32K
$22.95
"Kater Pillar II-
16K
$22.95
• Warehouse Mutants-
16K
$21.95
•Buzzard Bait-
32K
$22.95
All Above Specify Tape or Disk
COCO 3 Compatible
TOM MIX SOFTWARE
P.O. Box 201
Ada, Michigan 49301
616/676-8172
*P-51 Mustang
Attack/Flight Simulation
The ultimate video experience! Link two
CoCo's together by cable or modem, and
compete against your opponent across
the table OR across the country! (Both
computers require a copy of this program).
TheP-51 flight simulator letsyou fly this WWII
attack fighter in actual combat situations
against another player, OR a non com-
batant computer drone.
32K Machine Language
Joysticks Required $34.95
Specify Tape or Disk
'Goldfinder
Here's the quality you've come to expect
from TOM MIX. Endless possibilities await
you in this exciting new creation. Move over
Goldrunner and Loderunner, here comes
GOLDFINDER
32K & Joysticks Requir ed $22.95
Disk
'Approach Control
Simulator
A complete simulation package which will
lead to countless hours of discovery and
adventure.
• Specify Disk or Tape
• Quick Reference Guide
• Comprehensive Manual
• No Joysticks Required
32K Machine Lan guage $34.95
*Trapfall
The "Pitfalls" in this game are many. Hid-
den treasures, jump over the pits, swing on
the vine, watch out for alligators, beware of
the scorpion. Another game for the Color
Computer with the same high resolution
graphics as "The King."
16K Machine Language $23.95
Specify Tape or Disk
Ordering Information
-Call us at ti 6/676-8172
for Charge Card orders
• Add $3.00 postage and
handling
• Ml residents add 4%
sales tax
• Authors— We pay top
royalties!
Look What's New at NOVflSOFT!
7ou see; nothing.
Obvious directions to 90*
Horth, South. ta»t, west .
HelcoHtf to The Hsld H«»t!
B
*Vegas Slots
— Color III Only —
Seven of the most popular slot machine
games found in VEGAS are yours for the
price of one. Designed to be as real as
being there. You simply will not believe your
eyes when you see the graphics ana realistic
movement. This is by far one of the most
outstanding programs we have ever offered.
Disk only $34.95
* Lunch Time
Your chef, Peter Pepper, is surrounded!
Dodge pickles, hot dogs, and eggs while
building hanburgers. This high res game
features 7 difficulty levels of wild
entertainment. Fast-paced action for either
one or two players. Have a Burger Time.
R equires 32K & Joysticks $21.95
Specify Tape or Disk
'The Wild West
— Color III Only —
Get out your six shooter and polish your
spurs! Journey into the gunslinging land of
the old west. As sheriff of Dry Gulch, your
job is to keep the peace. But the notorious
desperado Black Bart has escaped from jail
and is on his way to Dry Gulch to recover
his hidden fortune!
•Incredible animated 320 x 192 16 color hi
resolution graphic scenes!
• Four voice music and sound effects.
•Save and load games in progress.
•A vocabulary of over 100 words.
•Automatically SPEAKS with a Tandy
Speech Pak.
Disk Only $25.95
*Moneyopoly
Play the popular board game on one ot
the most realistic computer game simula-
tions ever! Contains all the features of the
original. Buy, sell, rent, wheel & deal your
way to fortune.
32K Joystick Required $22.95
Specify Ta pe a Disk .
•four CUBE
•MAUI VICE
•DONUT
DILEMMA
— Now you can play TIC-TAC-TOE in 3D 1 . Pit your wits against the computer
and you'll agree — it's a "real challenge"
Requires 32K — 1 or 2 Players
$18.95
_ Step into the shoes of Crock & Bubbs with this state-of-the-art that guaran- 64K Ext Basic & Joystick Required
tees excitement and newness every time you play
Angry Angelo has raided Antonio's Donut Factory and you must restore law
and order. But hurry! Time is running out!
"CHAMBERS — Exciting high res graphics game with multiple screens and outstanding sound
Destroy the evil creatures in 20 levels. 30-35 rooms per level.
■CUBER
Another exciting release that approaches the challenges of any Video Ar-
cade. The Iwards are many, the dangers always present.
'BREWMASTER — Move along to the end of the bars to serve your thirsty customers, but watch
out for falling glasses and rowdies! Loads of fun!
"FANG MAN _ A high res graphics arcade-type game based on the Dracula legend. You
are Dracula and must evade countless ha2ards in your search for new victims.
*PAK PANIC — A fast paced game in which 'Pakman' is steered through a maze, pursued
by four monsters, while trying to eat dots and power pills.
Disk Only $2) .95 *
Requires 32K
$2495
32K & Joysticks Required
$22.95
32K & Joystick Required
$23.95
32K — Joysticks Required
$17.95
1 6K & Joys'irk s Required
$2295 ~
32K & Joysticks Required
$22.95
Neutroids
Fast-paced action, super graphics and
above all else, sound from your COCO the
likes you have never heard before. Be
careful — don't let a meltdown occur before
you complete the "NEUTROID
PROJECT"!
16 K — $22.95
Specify Tape or Disk
Vegas Game Pak
Six games in all! Blackjack, Keno, Video
Poker & 3 slot machine lookalikes. Super
graphics! Joysticks Required.
16K $27.95
S p ecify Tape or Disk
'COCO 3 Compatible
NOVfiSOFT
A Tom Mix Company
P.O. Box 201
Ada, Michigan 49301
616/676-8172
Ordering Information
Add $3 shipping/handling
Ml residents add 4% sales tax
Dealers welcome
Many more titles— write for free catalog!
Credit Card Orders
F T 1
■ MasterCard]
VISA'
Steppin '
By Matthew Thompson
Bells and Whistles 2 is a four-
voice, programmable music
synthesizer for the CoCo. It
requires 32K and Extended or Disk
basic. There are many four-voice
music programs on the market for
the CoCo, all having their strengths
and weaknesses. But when it comes
to the final product, the music, Bells
and Whistles 2 is one of the best
sounding, all-software music pro-
grams for the CoCo that 1 have
heard.
It is compatible with CoCo Com-
poser and Music+ files. There are
eight waveform and eight envelope
tables that can be custom-designed.
Any of the four voices can switch
between any of the tables as the
music plays. Each voice's volume, as
well as the tempo and key of the
music, can be automatically changed
as the music plays. Percussion
(noise) is available, and there is
enough memory for five to 30 min-
utes of music. Jumps, repeats, break-
points, labels and placeholders can
be set to aid in music writing. It has
a 10.583 octave "window" available
anywhere from a 1 5.083 octave range
Matthew Thompson, a 16- year-old
senior attending Napanee District
Secondary School lives in Napanee,
Ontario, He enjoys composing music
and hardware hacking on his CoCo
3 t and he has designed a 4 MHz 6809
board for it.
r
58 THE RAINBOW June 1987
of 0. 1 to 3107 Hz. There is a 128-band,
graphic equalizer function for custom-
izing the frequency response. The true
double-speed poke (POKE 65497) is
used to double the maximum frequency
and to double the fidelity. Cassette and
disk are supported.
Entering and Loading
Turn your CoCo off and on to com-
pletely clear it out. Type in and save
Listing 1, BW2. Do not run it until you
save it because the program erases part
of itself when first run as a memory-
saving trick. Keep this in mind if you
change the program. Prior to loading,
you have to clear as much RAM as
possible with PDKE25, 6: NEW. For disk
systems, use PDKE25 ,14 :PDKE35B4 ,
0:NEN. A disk owner may want to make
a file called BW2INIT like the following:
10 PDKE25,14:PDKE35B4,0:RUN
"BW2". This way, all you'll have to do
is type RUN"BU2INIT".
On a "cold" start, the program pokes
the machine language data into mem-
ory, then deletes the unnecessary pro-
gram lines, which unavoidably reverts
the CoCo to the immediate mode. The
next run you do is a "cool" start. It sets
up a few tables and then deletes more
unnecessary lines, reverting the CoCo
to the immediate mode again. All of this
deleting releases unnecessary lines so as
much memory as possible is left for the
music buffer. Subsequent runs are
"warm" starts. All that happens is the
end-of-music pointer is re-determined
before the main program starts. When
the program runs on a disk system,
approximately 628 bytes are left free;
approximately 2,676 bytes are left on a
cassette system. If, at any point, you
mess up the screen, press BREAK or
reset, and enter GDT01 to get back to
where you left off. Rerunning the pro-
gram won't erase your work.
Note a couple of flukes: If you re-
number the program for any reason, the
DEL command escapes untouched, so
you'll have to change the line number
in what was Line 136 to equal what was
Line 135, and the line numbers in what
was Line 134 to equal what were lines
133-134. Also, when transferring this
program between Extended and Disk
BASIC, note that the LDADM, SflVEM and
DIR in lines 62, 67 and 77, respectively,
aren't tokenized by Extended BASIC.
The easiest way to get around this
discrepancy is to transfer the program
between the two systems with an ASCII
save. Otherwise, the program won't list
properly on a non-disk CoCo, and a
disk CoCo wiJJ give SN Errors even
though the lines look OK. If you own
a CoCo 3, change the 65495 and G5494
in Line 73 to 65497 and G5496, respec-
tively. If your CoCo can't handle the
speed-up poke, change that G5495 to a
65494.
The Window Editor
When the program runs for the first
time, the music memory buffer is
cleared. The "window" is called such,
because you view a section of the music
memory through it. Each column in the
window is called a block and is a group
of five bytes of memory. To move the
window ahead in memory, use the right
arrow. To move back, use the left arrow.
These keys repeat if you hold them
down. The column in the middle,
straddled by the checkerboard charac-
ters, is referred to as the current block
because any entries and most of the
functions you will use affect this block.
The number of this block is printed at
the top of the screen. The end block is
also printed and is the highest block
location at which something has been
done. The current block has a cursor
flashing in it. To move the cursor up and
down among the five bytes, use the up
and down arrows. These keys do not
repeat. There are 2,913 (0-2,912) blocks
available for music.
By the way, the window is printed out
by a machine language subroutine that
does the job instantly. BASIC would be
too slow with all the necessary decod-
ing. To enter a number to be stored in
the byte at the cursor location, start to
type it. ??? will appear at the cursor
location, and the first digit you typed
will appear on the command line. Con-
tinue to type the number. Pressing
ENTER will enter it. If it is above 255,
it will be aborted. If you make a mis-
take, you can abort by pressing the
space bar.
The first byte of the block, in row
zero, is the control byte. It determines
what is the information in the next four
bytes. This window method of entering
music is used instead of a Hi-Res graph-
ics screen for two reasons. It saves
valuable memory for other functions
and music. And you will have more
control over the individual bytes of the
music buffer. For a memory map of
Bells and Whistles 2, refer to Figure 1.
Entering Music
The first byte of a block, the control
byte, usually contains the note length
value. These are the numbers in row
zero. Their values range from 1 to 252.
Numbers above 252 are reserved for
Hex Address
Function
600-2DFF
basic program cassette
E00-2DFF
basic program disk
2E00-2EFF
Pitch table
*
2F00-2FFF
Equalizer table
3000-37 FF
Waveform tables
3800-3FFF
Envelope tables
4000-78E4
Music buffer
7906-7FE5
MachineLanguage routines
Figure 1:
Memory Map of Bells and Whistles 2
-25*
Ji
i
242
-246-
250
236
222
228
Gb 2959 Hz
Code 254
Can go to
3107 Hz
-2*2-
216
-tt8-
202
208
^92-
194
180
4*4-
188
174
160
4*4-
168
456-
154
146
140
132
120
422-
126
4£fi-
112
-H6-
10.583
Octaves
(127 Notes)
Add 2 for a
sharp,
subtract 2
for a flat.
98
■ -
106
-B8-
92
-S3-
84
78
72
64
58
uu
-4fl-
50
w —r
36
44
30
24
16
10
r
C 2.044 Hz
code 2
Figure 2: Frequency Code Table
other functions. A zero signifies the end
of the music. The computer stops play-
ing the music as soon as it hits a zero
in the control byte. Note that in a
normal music block, the number zero is
printed as a".". This makes blank spots
look blanker and easier to spot. Other-
wise, the numeral 4 0' is printed. For
most tunes, the following note length
values can be used: l 28th note=l,
64th = 2, 64th.(dotted) = 3, 32nd = 4,
32nd =6, I6th = 8, 16th. = 12, 8th=16,
8th.=24, 1/4=32, l/4.=48, 1/2=64, 1/2
.=96, whole=128, whole. = 192. Any
value in between these can be used.
The other four bytes contain the
frequency values for each of the four
60 THE RAINBOW June 1987
181
XTERM
OS-9 Communications program,
Menu oriented ■ Definable macro keys
Upload/download. Ascii ■ Works wilh standard serial port, RS232
or XMODEM protocol PAK, or PDJ 2SP Pack, Includes all drivers
Execute OS-9 commands • Works wilh standard screen. XSCREEN,
from within XTERM WORDPAK or DISTO 80 column board.
$49.95 wilh source $89.95
4
:
XDIR &
XCAL
Hierarchial directory
OS-9 calculator
• Full sorting
■ Decimal, Hex, Binary
• Complete paliem maiching
• +, -, *, /, AND,OR, XOR, NOT
$24.95
wilh source $49.95
XDIS
OS-9 disassembler
$34.95 wilh source $54.95
-v-V- •-.'WSSAW
HARDWARE
512k memory upgrade
$80.00
Printers
Citizen 120D
CALL
Star NX10
CALL
AM of cur OS-9
work wilh:
OS- 0 version
OS-9 y«ralon
OS-9 Lew* I 2
XWORD
OS-9 word processing system
Worics wilh standard lext screen, XSCREEN, WORDPAK, or DISTO
True character oriented full screen cdiling
Full block commands
Find and Replace commands
Execute OS-9 commands from within
Proportional spacing supported
Full printer control, character size, emphasized, italics,
overstrike, underline, super/sub-scripts
10 header/footers
Page numbering in decimal or Roman numerals
Margins and headers can be set different for even and odd pages
$69.95 wilh source $1 24.95
XMERGE
Mail merge capabiJiiies for XWORD
$24.95 wilh source $4 9. 9 5
XSPELL
OS-9 spelling checker, wilh 20000 and 40000 word dictionaries
$39.95
XTRIO
X WOR D/XMERGE/XSPELL
$114.95 wilh X WORD/XMERGE sourc* 199.95
XED
OS-9 full screen cdiior
$39.95 wilh source $79.95
luct*
. : ■ . • ■ • : •
■■::o:o:v:v:o: : :::o:-:o:::v: : ::-:^:v/X^;-:v:^:
mm
:
••
m
m
1 ■'
SMALL BUSINESS ACCOUNTING
This sales-based accounting package is designed
for the non-accounting oriented businessman. It
also coniains the GexibiJity for the accounting ori-
ented us«r lo s«t up a double entry journal wilh an
almost unlimited chart of accounis. Includes Sales
Eniry, transaction driven Accounis Receivable and
Accounis Payable, Journal Entry, Payroll Disburse-
ment and Record Maintenance programs. System
ouipuis include Balance Sheet, Income Statement,
Customer and Vendor status Reports, Accounis
Receivable and Payable Aging Reports, Check Reg-
ister, Sales Reports, Account Staius Lisis, and a
Journal Posting List. $79 95
INVENTORY CONTROL/SALES ANALYSIS
This module is designed lo handle inveniory control,
wilh user defined product codes, and produce a detailed
analysis of the business' sales and the sales force. One
may enler/updatc inventory daia, enter sales, run five
sales analysis reports, run five inventory reports, set up
product codes, enter / update salesman records, and
update ihe SB AP inventory. $59.95
PAYROLL
Designed for maintaining personnel and payroll
data for up lo 200 hourly and salaried employees
wilh 8 deduciions each. Calculates payroll and lax
amounts, prints checks and maintains year-io-dale
toials which can be auiomaiically transferred lo the
SBA package. Computes each pay period's totals
for straight lime, overtime and bonus pay and del-
ermines taxes lo be withheld. Additional ouipuis
include mailing list, listing of employees, year-lo-
daie federal and/or stale tax listing, and a listing of
curreni misc. deduciions. Suited for use in all stales
excepi Oklahoma and Delaware. $59 95
PERSONAL BOOKEEPING 2000
Handles 45 accounis. Eniers cash expenses as
easily as checks. Handles 26 expense categories.
Menu driven and user friendly. $39.95
ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE
Includes detailed audit trails and history reports
for each customer, prepares invoices and monihly
stalemenis, mailing labels, aging lisis, and an alpha-
betized customer listing. The user can define net
lenns for commercial accounts or finance charges
for revolving accounts. This package functions as a
standalone A/R system or imcgra tes with ihe Small
Business Accounting package. $59 95
ACCOUNTS PAYABLE
Designed for the maintenance of vendor and A/P
invoice files. The system prints checks, voids
checks, cancels checks, deletes cancelled checks,
and deletes paid A/P invoices. The user can run a
Vendor List, Vendor Staius report, Vendor Aged
report, and an A/P Check Register. This package
can be used either as a standalone A/P system or
can be integrated with the Small Business
Accounting Package. $59 95
MICROTECH
CONSULTANTS
INC.
1 906 Jerrold A Vt h tie
St Paul, MN 55112
Ordering Information
Add $3.00 shipping A handling, MN residents add 6% sales lax.
Visa, Mastercard, COD (add $2.50), personal checks.
Author Submissions trtetpttd
(612) 633-6161
voices. These values can be found in the
table in Figure 2. To make a note sharp,
add two to the value before entering. To
make it flat, subtract two from the note.
A rest is set by entering a zero. As a
time-saver, the CLEAR key puts a zero
into the byte at the current cursor
location.
Because Bells and Whistles 2 has
envelopes for the voices, you need to
interpolate the notes you enter. When
you type in the pitch value for a note,
press the @ key instead of ENTER. The
note you typed will be entered with a
hyphen preceding it. It is actually the
value you entered plus one, which tells
the computer to "link" this note to the
previous one. When the computer plays
the note, the envelope will continue
where it left off from the previous one
in that voice. Otherwise, the envelope is
reset to the start. To interpolate a
section of music, you first break down
the note length values so that the pitch
in at least one voice changes in each
block. Study the example in Figure 3 to
clarify this point. If you want to link a
note that isn't, or unlink one that is, you
don't have to retype it. Move the cursor
over it and press the hyphen key. This
toggles the link on and off.
Functions
There are many useful functions in
Bells and Whistles 2, and each one is
summoned with a keystroke. Some of
the more "dangerous" ones are in up-
percase letters and require you to use
the SHIFT in conjunction with them. A
list of the function keys is given in
Figure 4. You can escape to the main
program from some of them should you
accidentally press the wrong key. Just
enter an out-of-range value (e.g., over
2,912 for a block number, a key not
shown in the function's menu, etc.).
However, many of them take place
immediately and most have a certain
degree of idiot-proofing that chops off
fractions and eliminates negatives.
The Fast Play function transfers
control to the machine-language music-
1 t
b)
Breakpoint Block (BRK)
c)
Cancel display
C)
Copy
d)
Display
D)
Delete
e)
End Repeat Block (ERT)
f)
Find Label
F)
Frequency Transposition
I)
Insert
J)
Window Jump
J)
Music Jump Block (JMP)
k)
Klaxxon
1)
Label Block (LAB)
L)
Load
M)
Memory Clear
n)
Note Transposition
N)
NOP Block (NOP)
o)
Odd Files
P)
Slow Play
P)
Fast Play
Q)
Quit
s)
Start Repeat Block (SRT)
S)
Save
t)
Tempo Block (TMP)
v)
Volume Block (VOL)
w)
E/W Create
W)
E/W Block (E/W)
y)
Sync Block (SYN)
z)
Zing Here
Z)
Zing End
-)
Link Toggle
=)
Equalizer
\)
Directory-generated with
SHIFT-CLEAR
CLEAR)
Clear
Figure 4: Function Key Assignments
generating routine. The CoCo's clock
speed is set to 1.789 MHz by POKE
G5497. This poke puts the entire CoCo
address space into high speed. POKE
G5495 only speeds up the computer
every time it accesses memory locations
above 32767 (BASIC and cartridge
ROM). This speeds up BASIC programs
by about 50 percent, but it makes hardly
any difference with RAM-based pro-
grams below 32768. The POKE
does not put the CoCointo triple speed,
as many CoCo nuts have thought. The
speed-up has the effect of doubling the
sampling rate of the music program.
The machine language' routine takes
288 clock cycles to calculate and output
a byte to the CoCo's internal audio
digital-to-analog converter. Consider-
ing it has to take into account the
waveform, envelope, and volume of
each voice, as well as the tempo and
note length, the machine code is very
efficient. At 1.789 MHz, the computer
can output 1,789,000/288=6,214 bytes
per second to the DAC. This limits the
maximum frequency producible to
6,214/2=3,107 Hz, as at least two sam-
ples have to be taken from the top and
bottom of any waveform to make a
syund.
This sample bar:
1 >.
^ T S f
II - r- ^
P
■ i mm .
H~<-t> .
1 ■
P f
f r _
Should be thought of as:
And coded as:
0
1
2
3
= 64 A(32+32)
WINDOW 2r 4 \
16 16 16 8 8 16 8 8 8 8 16 21 22 21
194-194 198-198-198 194-194-194-194-194-194 202 190 180
188-188 190-190 184 170 174 180 174 166 170
170-170-170-170 180 ■
130 120 142 142-142 146-146-146 150-150-150
Figure 3: Interpolation Example
62
THE RAINBOW
June 1987
3 display formats: 51/64/85
columns X 24 lines
True lower case characters
User-friendly full-screen
editor
Right justification
Easy hyphenation
Drives any printer
Embedded format and
control codes
Runs in 16K f 32K, or 64K
Menu-driven disk and
cassette I/O
No hardware modifications
required
THE ORIGINAL
Simply staled, Telewriter is the most powerful
word processor you can buy for the TRS-80
Color Computer. The original Telewriter has
received rave reviews in every major Color
Computer and TRS-80 magazine, as well as
enthusiastic praise from thousands of satisfied
owners. And rightly so.
The standard Color Computer display of 32
characters by 16 lines without iower case is
simply inadequate for serious word processing,
The checkerboard letters and tiny lines give you
no feel for how your writing looks or reads,
Telewriter gives the Color Computer a 51
column by 24 line screen display with true
iower case characters. So a Telewriter screen
looks like a printed page, with a good chunk of
text on screen at one time. In fact, more on
screen text than you'd get with Apple II, Atari,
Ti, Vic or TRS-80 Model III.
On top of that, the sophisticated Telewriter
full-screen editor is so simple to use, it makes
writing ftm. With single-letter mnemonic
commands, and menu-driven I/O and
formatting, Telewriter surpasses all others for
user friendliness and pure power.
Telewriter's chain printing feature means that
the size of your text is never limited by the
amount of memory you have, and Telewriter's
advanced cassette handler gives you a powerful
word processor without the major additional
cost of a disk.
...one of l he best programs for the Color
Computer j have seen . , .
Color Computer News, Jan. 19352
TELEWRITER-64
But now we've added more power to
Telewriter. Not just bells and whistles, but
major features that give you total control over
your writing, We cali this new supercharged
version Telewriter-64, For two reasons,
64K COMPATIBLE
Telewriter-64 runs fully in any Color Computer
— 16K, 32K, or 64K, with or without Extended
Basic, with disk or cassette or both. It
automatically configures itself to take optimum
advantage of all available memory. That means
that when you upgrade your memory, the
Teiewriter-64 text buffer grows accordingly. In
a 64K cassette based system, for example, you
get about 4QK of memory to store text, So you
don't need disk or FLEX to put all your 64K
to work immediately.
64 COLUMNS (AND 811
Besides the original 51 column screen,
Telewriter-64 now gives you 2 additional high-
density displays: 64 x 24 and 85 x 24!! Both
high density modes provide all the standard
Telewriter editing capabilities, and you can
switch instantly to any of the 3 formats with a
single control key command.
The 51 x 24 display is clear and crisp on the
screen. The two high density modes are more
crowded and less easily readable, but they are
perfect for showing you the exact layout of
your printed page, all on (he screen at one
Utne. Compare this with cumbersome
"windows" that show you only fragments at a
time and don't even allow editing.
RIGHT JUSTIFICATION &
H \[ I^PI EN AT pifpl^
One outstanding advantage of the full-width
screen display is that you can now set the
screen width to match the width of your
printed page, so that "what you see is what
you get." This makes exact alignment of
columns possible and it makes hyphenation
simple.
Since short lines are the reason for the large
spaces often found in standard right justified
text, and since hyphenation is the most
effective way to eliminate short lines,
Te!ewriter-64 can now promise you some of the
best looking right justification you can get on
the Color Computer.
FEATURES & SPECIFICATIONS:
Printing and formatting: Drives any printer
(LPVll/Vm, DMP-lOi/200, Epson, Okidaia,
Centronics, NEC, C, itoh, Smith-Corona,
Terminet, etc).
Embedded control codes give full dynamic access to
intelligent printer features like: underlining,
subscript, superscript, variable font and type size, dot-
graphics, etc.
Dynamic (embedded) format controls for: lop,
bottom, and left margins; line length, lines per page,
line spacing, new page, change page numbering,
conditional new page, enable/disable justification.
Menu-driven control of these parameters, as well as:
pause at page bottom, page numbering, baud rate (so
you can run your printer at top speed), and Epson
font. "Typewriter" feature sends typed lines directly
to your printer, and Direct mode sends control codes
right from the keyboard. Special Epson driver
simplifies use with MX-80.
Supports single and multi-line headers and automatic
centring. Prim or save all or any section of the text
buffer Chain print any number of files from casseue
or disk.
Vr\v
RAINBOW
CERTIFICATION
SEAL
File and I/O Features: ASCII format files —
crea te and edit BASIC, Assembly, Pascal, and C
programs, Smart Terminal files (for uploading or
downloading), even text files from other word
processors. Compatible wim spelling checkers (like
Spell 'n Fix).
Cassetie verify command for sire saves. Cassette auto-
retry means you type a load command only once no
matter where you are in the tape.
Read in, save, partial save, and append files with disk
and/or cassette. For disk: print directory with free
space to screen or primer, kill and rename files, set
default drive. Easily customized to the number of
drives in the system.
Editing features: Fast, full-screen editor with
wordwrap, block copy, block move, block delete, line
delete, global search and replace (or delete), wild card
search, fast auto-repeai cursor, fast scrolling, cursor
up, down, right, left, begin line, end line, top of text,
bottom of text; page forward, page backward, align
text, tabs, choice Of buff or green background,
complete error protection, line counter, word counter,
space left, current file name, default drive in effect,
set line length on screen.
Insert or deleic text anywhere on the screen without
changing "modes." This fast "free-form" editor
provides maximum case of use. Everything you do
appears immediately on the screen in front of you .
Commands require only a single key or a single key
plus CLEAR.
...truly a state of the art word processor...
outstanding in every respect.
— The RAINBOW, Jan. 1982
PROFESSIONAL
ii/Ann i!io/\^iFccwiyiiP i:::::
You can no longer afford to be without the
power and efficiency word processing brings to
everything you write. The TRS-80 Color
Computer is the lowest priced micro with the
capability for serious word processing. And
only Telewriter-64 fully unleashes that
capability.
Telewriter-64 costs $49.95 on cassette, $59,95
on disk, and comes complete with over 70
pages of well-written documentation. (The step-
by-step tutorial will have your writing with
Telewriter-64 in a matter of minutes.)
To order, send check or money order to:
Cognitec
704 Nob Street
Del Mar, CA 92014
Or check your local software store, If you have
questions, or would like to order by Visa or
Mastercard, call us at (619) 755-1258 (weekdays,
8AM-4PM PST). Dealer inquiries invited. (Add
$2 for shipping. Calif ornians add 6% state tax.)
Available at
Radio /hack stores
via express order
catalogue #90-0253
90-0254
Apple U is a trademark of Apple Compmer, inc.; Atari is a ir.idemark
of Alari. Inc.: TRS-80 is a trademark of Tandy Corp; MX -80 is 2
trademark of Epson America. Inc.
For those of you whose computers
can't handle the speed pokes, a Slow
Play function has been included. How-
ever, the sampling rate is only 3,107 Hz
for a maximum sound frequency of
3,107/2-1,554 Hz. The frequency
values shown in Figure 2 are cut in half
as well. You will have to cut the tempo
in half and raise the pitch an octave.
More on that later.
When the music plays, you will hear
a slight background swishing sound.
This is quantatization noise and is
unavoidable with digitally generated
sound at audible sampling rates. When
the music is played, the printer will spill
out trash unless you turn it off or put
it offline due to fact that the RS-232
output bit shares the same byte with the
DAC.
The Insert function pushes all blocks,
beginning at the current one, ahead by
one block. This leaves an empty current
block so you can squeeze something in
between other blocks. The Delete func-
tion does the opposite by moving all
blocks ahead of the current one back by
one, erasing the current block. Both of
these functions are done by machine
language subroutines so they happen
very fast.
Before you actually enter and play
any music, it is vital that you under-
stand the next four functions, because
they must be defined at least at the
beginning of a piece of music.
The waveform of a sound is basically
a graphic representation of how it
sounds. Bells and Whistles 2 allows you
to create any waveform imaginable. To
make a new one, enter the Envelope/
Waveform Create function, then select
the Waveform option at the prompt. A
menu now appears with a choice of
waveforms. After you have pressed
your choice, you will be asked to supply
the table number you want the wave-
form to be created in. Eight tables are
available (0-7) allowing a great deal of
flexibility in your musical creations.
Under the Waveform options, the
Square option produces a square wave.
It has a fairly harsh sound but is good
for a lot of tunes. The Sawtooth option
makes a sawtooth wave, which is also
harsh sounding. The Triangle wave
option produces a sound similar to a
flute. The Sine Harmonic option allows
a little more flexibility You enter the
relative intensities of the fundamental
and harmonic multiples of a sound,
similar to stops on an organ. The com-
puter will then mix (co)sine waves of the
specified intensities at the various
harmonic pitches into one waveform
64 THE RAINBOW June 1987
that will have all of the harmonics you
entered (even if you don't think it looks
as though it really does). It takes a while
for the computer to do all the necessary
trig calculations.
By setting the first harmonic at l and
the rest at 0, you can get a sine wave,
which has a pure sound. Note that many
waveforms generated by this algorithm
have less-than-maximum amplitude.
The program automatically scales them
up after it is finished, however.
The Graphics option allows you to
graphically design a waveform in set/
reset graphics. You will see a blank
black screen with a little white dot in the
bottom-left corner. The up/down ar-
rows control the amplitude of the cursor
dot. When you are satisfied with its
position, press the right arrow to move
to the next position. In effect, you are
drawing the waveform. Note that the
Lo-Res graphics screen can show 64
horizontal by 32 vertical pixels. The
waveform tables have 256 bytes ranging
in values from 0 to 255. Therefore, each
vertical pixel from the bottom of the
screen is worth eight in the actual table,
and each horizontal pixel actually sets
four bytes in the table. The waveform
you draw should represent just one
complete cycle, as the computer loops
around from the right-hand side of the
waveform back to the left when played.
Unfortunately, if you make a goof, you
will have to redo the waveform.
The Byte by Byte option allows you
to individually enter the value for each
byte. This can be too tedious to be
practical. But it is there if you want it.
Finally, the Noise/ Percussion option
fills a waveform table with random
values. When played, it sounds like
noise. When used with pitch values
below 100, you can fake a drum sound.
This can accompany music in the other
voices. After you are finished with any
of the waveform options, the wave just
made will be displayed. Press any key
to return to the window. The Just
Checking option puts you there right
away, allowing you to review the con-
tents of a table you forgot about, etc.
The envelope of a sound is basically
a graphic representation of its volume
over time. Choose envelopes at the first
prompt of the Envelope/ Waveform
Create function. A menu similar to the
waveform options will appear. The
Graphics option is the same as in the
waveform department. Note that each
byte in the envelope table corresponds
to one note length unit. Therefore, each
horizontal pixel of the graphics option
represents four note length units. The
Flat option sets a plain, flatenvelope for
a simple on/off sound, like an organ.
The most commonly used option is
Exponential Decay, which causes a
fading sound like a piano or a bell. The
decay value determines the speed at
which the decay drops off. It ranges
from about 1. 005 for slow decays to
about 1.5 for sharp boink sounds, such
as snare drums when combined with the
noise waveform. The Absolute sub-
option makes the decay as is, while the
Relative sub-option takes any envelope
already in the table and "modulates" it
with a decay. Under the Absolute sub-
option, you will be asked for a strum
factor. This is the note length value you
want the decay to be reset to each time
it counts that number. For instance, 256
makes a simple decay, while at around
4, banjo effects occur, as every four note
length units a "strum" will occur. The
input range is 1 to 256. By using the
Relative sub-option on a previously
created strumming envelope, you can
get a decaying strum.
The Byte by Byte option is not very
practical for making entire envelopes.
Its main purpose is to allow you to have
accurate control over the attack, or rise,
of the envelope by setting the first one,
two, three or more bytes to whatever
you want. Then, to avoid entering the
rest of the bytes, enter a 256, which
makes the computer think you goofed
and sends you back to the window. Neat
effects can be produced with this func-
tion. As with waveforms, you get to see
the envelope one last time before you
are returned to the window. The Just
Checking option works the same.
Set/Reset graphics are used in the
Graphic and Just Checking options, as
well as the display-before-return rou-
tine because all the RAM was cleared
with the PQKE25, A' earlier and no Hi-
Res graphics can be used. However, if
you have a CoCo 3, the ultra-Hi-Res
graphics use memory beyond BASIC.
While the vertical axis still would have
to be scaled to one pixel per value
increase of two, the horizontal axis can
easily show each byte of the 256-byte
table and then some. This means that
each horizontal pixel in ultra-Hi-Res
corresponds to one byte or one note
length value, while each vertical pixel
represents an amplitude value of two.
So if you want to upgrade the graphics
for your CoCo 3, type in the lines in
Listing Z BW2C3F IX, over the ones in
the origBal version. These lines do not
include the speed poke changes men-
tioned, or any other changes mentioned
in this article.
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Now that you know how to create
waveforms and envelopes, you have to
let each voice in Bells and Whistles 2
know which combination of tables it
will use. The Envelope/ Waveform
Block function turns the current block
into one that does just that. At each
prompt, enter the envelope and wave-
form number combination you want to
use with each voice. These blocks can
be placed anywhere in the tune to switch
combinations in mid-music, but at least
one should be at the start so that the
computer knows what to begin with.
You can alsocreatethis block by putting
a 255 in the control byte of a block.
Then each byte in each row contains
information for each voice. Bits 0-2 of
the byte are the waveform number,
while bits 3-5 are the envelope number.
Bits 6 and 7 aren't used.
The Volume Block function creates a
block that allows you to adjust the
volume of each voice. One of these
should also be put at the start of the
music. Once youVe created a volume
block, use the window cursor to set the
values for each voice. The values can
range from 0-255 for silent to full blast.
However, values below 10 are imprac-
tical, except 0 for total silence. The total
volume of the four voices usually ought
not to exceed 255. If a voice's waveform
has less-than-maximum amplitude, you
can squeeze out extra volume with the
volume function by exceeding the 255
sum limit, or at least cranking up the
voice's volume. If you notice a rude
cracking sound somewhere in the
music, it is due to the volume being set
too loud in the offending voice(s). This
is called foldover distortion.
Volume blocks can also be placed
anywhere in the music to change it in
mid-stream. Although the volume of a
voice may have been changed, the old
volume stays in effect until a note is
played in that voice. This means that
"leftover" values from previous notes, if
a voice is playing a rest after a volume
change, can occasionally cause foldover
distortion. If that happens, put a block
with a note length of 1 and (possibly
linked) pitch values of 2 in each voice
right after a volume change. The format
of a volume block consists of a 254 in
the control byte and the value of each
voice's volume in the other four bytes.
The Tempo Block function changes
the tempo of the music. One of these
should also be at least at the beginning
of a tune. The tempo value can range
from I to 65,535, though values gener-
ally range from 30 to 200. Note that the
tempo is printed as two separate bytes.
The tempo equals the first byte times
256 plus the second byte. However, the
tempo rarely exceeds 255, so the bottom
number is all that usually counts. The
tempo block consists of a 253 in the
control byte followed by a 32 tempo flag
code, then the most and least significant
bytes of the tempo. Byte 5 is not used.
Figure 5 is an example of how a typical
tune should begin.
Window looks like this:
0
1
2
3
E/W VOL TMP
3,2 60 0
3,1 60 125
7,0 60
0,0 75
\ /
Exact values
of your choosing
1
2
2
2
2
A
Tune begins here
Clears out old
volumes and
sets new ones
Figure 5:
Example of Beginning of a Tune
The Key Transpose function allows
you to adjust the pitch of the synthesizer
as a whole. At the prompt, enter the
number of semitones* offset you want to
have from the standard of middle A
equaling 440 Hz. For instance, -12
lowers the pitch an octave below the
standard, while +3.8 would raise it
3 4 /5ths semitones (decimal values allow
for positioning the frequency between
standard values). This can also be used
to raise the pitch of a tune on a CoCo
that can't handle the speed-up poke.
There is one problem: If the pitch is
raised to a point where a note in the
music would normally exceed the 3, 107
Hz limit of Bells and Whistles 2 (1,554
Hz for regular speed CoCos), it is
topped out at 3,107 (1,554) Hz. The
offset range for this function is + /- 256
semitones.
A similar function, Note Transpose,
changes the actual values for the pitches
in the music buffer for one or all voices.
You specify which voice(s) you want to
change, the start and end blocks of the
section you want to change and the
actual offset value. For instance, +24
raises the values by an octave, while
-2 lowers them by a semitone. Odd-
numbered values are unnecessary and
are rounded to the next-lowest, even
absolute value. If the value when added
to a byte exceeds 255 or would go below
2, or if a byte is a rest, the byte is left
unchanged. Also, if the byte is part of
a control block, it is ignored.
Bells and Whistles 2 has a 128-band
graphic equalizer built in. Normally, the
frequency response is set to flat, and
indeed, you may never use this function
at all. But should you have to, choose
the Custom option under the Equalizer
function. Then enter the relative inten-
sities for all 128 bands at each prompt
with values from 0 to 255. Unless you
want total silence, it is wise to keep
equalizer settings above 50. The Flat
option simply resets the equalizer table
to all 255s. One good application of the
equalizer is to attenuate high-pitched
notes if they sound too sharp.
The Memory Clear function lets you
rapidly annihilate a section of music or
the entire music buffer. Enter the start
and end block values at the prompts,
then choose the increment value: I
clears out all the bytes, while 5 only
clears out the row of bytes the cursor
was in before invoking this function. Be
sure to set the cursor correctly before
invoking this function and option! This
function is also performed by a machine
language subroutine.
The Label Block function creates a
label of a single alphanumeric character
that you specify at the prompt at the
current block location. This is ignored
by the music playing routine. The
format of Label blocks is 253 in the
control byte, then a flag of 1, then the
ASCII code of the character. Bytes 4
and 5 aren't used. The Find Label
function searches through the music
buffer as far as the end block pointer
and stops at the first occurrence of the
specified label. These two functions
make finding a certain spot in the music
buffer a snap.
The Quit function allows you to exit
the program in a single keystroke. The
computer would usually be in the
upper/ lowercase and high-speed modes
if you just pressed BREAK.
A NOP (no operation) Block func-
tion creates a block that does absolutely
nothing and is ignored by the music
playing routine. It can be used as a place
holder for future or former blocks. Its
format is 253 in the control byte, then
a flag of 128. Bytes 3 to 5 aren't used.
Breakpoints can be set with the
Breakpoint Block function. When the
computer hits one of these while playing
the music, it stops and waits for you to
press a key, then continues. If you press
BREAK, you are aborted to the BASIC
driver program. This block accesses the
ROM keyboard routine at low speed
regardless of whether it is playing fast
or slow. On some CoCos that can han-
dle the high-speed pokes, this function
would still crash due to a slow PIA IC
for the keyboard. The format for these
66
THE RAINBOW June 1987
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blocks is 253 in the control byte, then
a flag of 16. Bytes 3 to 5 aren't used.
The Sync Block function is used in a
block just preceding one where any two
or more voices have to play the exact
same note. At the prompts, respond
"yes" to the voice numbers involved.
Then, any synced voice's waveform
table counter will be reset, and the
voices playing the same note won't
cancel out. There is a possibility of this
happening if the voices aren't synced.
You only need one sync block as long
as each voice plays the same notes
without separating. See Figure 6 to
clarify the use of this function. The
Typical window configuration; exact
values depend on tune.
0:
16
SYN
32
32
SYN
128
1:
194
S
-194
192
S
170
2:
184
S
194
192
S
170
3:
178
174
178
S
170
4:
170
168
170
S
-170
Figure 6: Use of Sync Block
format of a sync block is 253 in the
control byte, followed by a 2 for the
sync flag. Bits 0 to 3 of Byte 3, when set,
synchronize voices 1 to 4, respectively.
Bytes 4 and 5 aren't used.
The Jump function jumps the win-
dow editor display to the current block
specified at the prompt.
The Music Jump Block function
creates a block that skips the music
playing routine to the block specified,
when encountered. This can be handy
when placed at the beginning of a tune
to change the position where the playing
begins. This block is displayed in the
same most/ least significant byte fash-
ion as is a tempo block. The value of the
first byte times 256 plus the second
equals the memory address of the des-
tination block. If you have to determine
the block number, subtract hexadec-
imal 4,000 (16,384) from the address
and divide by five. This can be done by
quitting or breaking out of the program
to find the result (the variable M equals
16,384 throughout the program and can
save you a few keystrokes in your
calculations). Enter GDT01 to return to
the program. The format for these
blocks is 253 in the control byte, then
a flag of 64, then the most and least
significant bytes of the jump address.
Byte 5 isn't used.
The Copy function allows you to
duplicate sections of the music buffer
without retyping them. At the prompts,
enter the start and end block locations
of the section to be copied, then the
68 THE RAINBOW June 1987
destination block (the first block loca-
tion of the area you are copying to). The
destination block cannot equal the start
block, and no copied block can end up
being copied to beyond block location
2,912, or this function will abort with-
out copying.
For simple repeats, the Start and End
Repeat Block functions are used at the
beginning and end of the section you
want to play twice. The repeat goes
from the last Start Repeat block en-
countered to the first End Repeat block
encountered. Extraneous repeats are
ignored. The format for these blocks is
a 253 in the control byte, then a flag of
4 for a Start Repeat or 8 for an End
Repeat. Bytes 3 to 5 aren't used. More
complicated repeat patterns can be
emulated with the Copy command.
The Zing Here function "zings" the
end block pointer to the current block.
The Zing End function scans ahead
from the current block until it hits a zero
in the control byte, thereby determining
the end block location. This function is
also invoked after u run, copy, memory
clear or load. The end block pointer is
usually updated every time you do
something to the music buffer (insert,
delete, enter a number, set a control
block, etc.).
The Save function lets you store your
musical creation on cassette or disk.
The Music option saves just the music
buffer, while the more popular Music-
+Config option also saves the extra
4.5K preceding the music buffer where
the envelope, waveform, equalizer and
pitch tables are located. This is the most
recommended save. The Config option
saves just the tables. This can be used
to store a favorite collection of wave-
forms and envelopes, saving you from
having to redo them every time you run
the program. Unless you are using the
Config option, you must make sure that
the end block pointer is set to the end
block or one or two blocks higher. If it
isn't, use either of the Zing functions to
set it or data may be lost or you could
waste valuable disk or cassette space.
You are prompted for the filename. If
it is not specified or exceeds eight
characters, the save will be aborted.
Disk users may want to change the B in
Line 65 to 12 to allow filename exten-
sions. You are then prompted for
cassette or disk. The disk option won't
execute if the controller is not plugged
Tn.
The Load function loads a tune from
cassette or tape. Enter the filename,
which may be omitted if you are using
cassette.
The Odd Files function lets you
append a second file to the first, load a
CoCo Composer tune,orload a Music+
tune. It does this by setting the load
offset according to the desired option,
then jumping to the Load function. To
append a file to a tune already in
memory, make sure the file was saved
without the tables, i.e., by the Music
and not the Music+Config option under
the Save function. Then choose the
Append option. Make sure the end
block pointer is set properly before
invoking this function! Bells and Whis-
tles 2 can load files made by the CoCo
Composer (Larry Konecky, December
1983) and Music+ (Bob Ludlum, June
1984 and 1986). If you have these
programs, you can easily convert your
library of tunes to Bells and Whistles 2
format. Then, with all of Bells and
Whistles 2's features, like envelopes,
you can hear them like you've never
heard them before! The discrepancy is
that Bells and Whistles 2's buffer begins
at Hex 4000, while the CoCo Compos-
er's begins at Hex 2D00 and Music+'s
begins at Hex 4F22. Therefore, the
CoCo Composer and Music+ options
load the files with offsets of Hex 1300
and Hex -F22, respectively.
Once the files are loaded, you must
use the Note Transposition function on
the whole tune with an offset of +120 to
bring the pitch values up to Bells and
Whistles 2 equivalents. Before you do
this, however, make sure any note
lengths of 253 or 254 are changed to 252.
The CoCo Composer and Music+ allow
note lengths up to 254, but these will
show up as erroneous control blocks in
Bells and Whistles 2 and would be
ignored by the Note Transposition
function.
Insert at least three spaces at the
beginning of the tune for Tempo, Vol-
ume and E/W blocks. Add features to
the song accordingly, like linking inter-
polated notes, throwing in labels, re-
peats, etc. Save the newly converted file
in Bells and Whistles 2 format with the
Music+Config option. The conversion
is now complete. Note that Music+ and
CoCo Composer files fill the upper two
or three envelope tables with trash from
their own tables when first loaded
before conversion. This probably won't
be any problem at all. I suggest you use
a flat envelope for the voices unless you
link the desired notes.
The Directory function does a disk
directory print to the screen, so you can
see the filenames if you can't remember
them. This function won't execute if the
disk controller isn't plugged in.
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Terrific util ity support programs for the new Color C omputer III 1 Includes a CoCo II to CoCo III converter, 32K Hi-Res
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It ' s finally here ! An 80 column version of Telewriter-64 for the CoCoIII with TELEPATCH features plus much, much more I 1 1
Use the Fl & F2 keys to access the MAIN MENU or EDITOR f ALT key for SPECIAL CHARACTERS & now you can use the CTRL key
instead of CLEAR 1 Req. TW-64 DISK & 128K CoCoIII $39.95
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BUY ANY TWO - COCO POTPOURI - SAVE 10°/b
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OS-9 Solution ...$24.95
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Adv Generator $29.95
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CoCo HOT LINE 718-835-1344
HOWARD
NY 11414
The Display function is really neat.
You can watch the window move when
you play the music! The machine lan-
guage subroutine takes a split second to
print the window, but it still causes
noticeable gaps between notes in the
music. However, it is useful as a debug-
ging tool. You won't be able to see it,
though, with the Fast Play function
unless you have a CoCo 3.
The Cancel function untoggles the
display mode, and the music will play
normally.
To make audio recordings of Bells
and Whistles 2, my advice is to use a
microphone or an in-line attenuator.
Keep the mike away from the TV, as
many will pick up the 60 Hz hum from
the TV's circuitry. You can record
through the jack on the CoCo's cassette
cable, but weird things happen with the
recorder's automatic level control.
Volume changes become indistinguisha-
ble and the first second of the music
sounds like a muffled explosion. To
overcome the latter problem, the
Klaxxon function sounds a loud tone
for about a second to wake up the
recorder's attenuating circuitry. Have
the recorder on pause but with the
record and play keys pressed. Sound the
tone, then quickly release the pause and
play the music.
The CoCo's audio DAC is six bits
wide, yielding about 36 db of dynamic
range. Low volume notes get flattened
out, as do notes where the envelope
trails off to nothing. T^his explains why
notes sound different as they trail off.
When the music playing routine finishes
a piece of music, it resets the sound
output to the TV or monitor. This may
cause a "pop" in the TV or monitor
and/ or the cassette recorder. Simply
put a long rest at the end of the music
to give you a couple of seconds' leeway.
That wraps up the instructions for
Bells and Whistles 2. This program is
the product of almost three years of
programming and debugging. If you
have any problems, I'll try to help. You
can send an SASE to me at 26 Alfred
Street, Napanee, Ontario, Canada
K7R-3H7.
CoCo users need no longer be
taunted by their friends who have other
computers and belittle the CoCo's PLAY
command. I hope you enjoy this versa-
tile and superior synthesizer pro-
gram! □
Editor's Note: Two music files, AXEL F and ENTRTANR,
will be included »n this month's RAINBOW ON TAPE
and RAINBOW ON DISK.
10 36 85
26 80 95 . . .
41 31 106 . .
53 .210 115. . .
63 . 42 130
74 57 136. . .
.188 141 19
. .18 145 183
. .75 151 148
.104 155 125
. .65 161 70
. 141 END 75
Listing 1: BW2
j3 GOT07 2
1 GOSUB2 :GOT05
2 CLS3 :PRINT fl »»> BELLS AND WHI
STLES 2 <««"; :PRINT@128, "^0 : " ;
PRINTS 19 2 , "1: " ; : PRINT@2 2 4 , "2 : 11 ;
PRINT@256, "3 : 11 ; : PRINT@288 , "4 : 11 ;
PRINT@32,STRING$(32, 191) ; : PRINT@
384,STRING$(32, 191) ; :I$=STRING$(
4,166) :PRINT@335, 1$; : PRINTS 175, I
$; : PRINTS 111, 1$;
3 PRINT@416 , STRING$ (69,32) ; : POKE
1535,96:PRINT@485, fl BY MATTHEW A,
THOMPSON 11 ; : RETURN
4 POKEII,INT(I/256) : POKEII+ 1 , 1-2
56*INT(I/256) : RETURN
5 GOSUB3 : POKEHS , : GOT07
6 PRINT@3 52 , "COMMAND?" : PRINT@64 ,
" CURRENT BLOCK : " ; : PRINTUS ING" # #
##" ; (CB-M)/5:PRINT@85, "END: " ; :P
RINTUSING"####" ; (EB-M) /5 : RETURN
7 GOSUB6
8 I=CB: II=&H7C8F:GOSUB4 :EXEC&H7C
92
9 POKE 2 8 2 , p : POKE 3 4 3,255: POKE 344,
255 : I$=INKEY$ : IFI$<>" "THEN11ELSE
POKECM(CU) +CC, PEEK (CM (CU) + CC) -64
: FORQT=lT03 j3 : NEXT : POKECM ( CU ) +CC ,
PEEK(CM(CU) + CC) +64
1)3 CC=CC+C3 : IFCC>20RCC<1THENCS=-
CS:IFI$=""THEN9
11 IFI$=CHR$ (8) ANDCB>M THENCB-CB
-5 : POKE&H87 , jZf : GOT07
12 IFI$=CHR$ (9) ANDCB<&H78E)3 THEN
CB=CB+5 : POKE&H8 7 , fS : GOT07
13 IFI$=CHR$ (1)3) ANDCU<4THENCU=CU
IFI $ = " A " ANDCU>)3THENCU=CU-1
IFI$>=")3"ANDI$< = "9"THEN18
IFI$<>" "THENONINSTR ( 1 , CM$ , 1$ )
+ 1
14
15
16
GOT031, 33 , 34 , 35 , 112, 36, 79, 4)3, 113
,114, 1)39, 42, 41, 48, 49, 53, 55, 56, 59
,6)3, 61, 64, 12 9, 57, 71, 115, 125, 13)3,
51,5)3,129,77,52,1)37
17 GOT09
18 PRINT@361,I$:PRINT@CM(CU) -1)32
4," ???";:N$=I$
19 I$=INKEY$:IFI$=""THEN19
2)3 IFI$ = " "THEN7
21 IFI$>=")3"ANDI$<= n 9"THENN$=N$ +
I$:PRINT@361,N$
2 2 N=VAL(N$)
23 IFN>255THENPLAY"T2L1601V4C" : G
OT07
24 IFPEEK(CB) >25 2 AND ( I $=CHR$ (13)
ORI $= " @ " ) THENPOKECB+CU , N : GOT02 9
25 IFCU=)3AND(I$=CHR$ ( 13 ) ORI $=" @"
) THENPOKECB, N : GOTO 2 9
26 IFI$=CHR$ (13) THENPOKECB+CU, N:
GOT02 9
2 7 IFI$="@"ANDN<2 55THENPOKECB+CU
N+l:GOT02 9
GOT019
IFEB<CB THENEB=CB
GOT05
I=&H7 9A9 : POKELS , j3 : POKE 3 2 7 6 6 , j3
POKE2 82 ,255: EXECI : POKEHS , )2 : GO
28
29
3)3
31
32
TOl
70 THE RAINBOW June 1987
33 I = &H7C5j3: POKE 32766, l:GOT032
34 PRINT@3 52 , "INSERT" : I=CB+5 : 11=
&H7C69 : GOSUB4 : EXEC&H7C5A: FORI=CB
TOCB+4 : POKEI , j3 : NEXT : EB=EB+ 5 : GOT
07
35 PRINT@352 , "DELETE" : I=CB: II=&H
7C78 : G0SUB4 : EXEC&H7C6B : IFEB>CB T
HENEB=EB-5 :GOT07ELSE7
36 PRINTS 352, "ENVELOPE/ WAVE FORM
BLOCK" : F0RI=1T04
37 PRINT@4 1 6 , "VOICE " I " ENVELOPE " ;
:INPUTII:II=FIX(ABS(II) ) :IFII>7T
HEN5ELSEII=II*8
38 PRINT@44 8, "VOICE" I "WAVEFORM" ;
:INPUTIC:IC=FIX(ABS(IC) ) :IFIC>7T
HEN5ELSEP0KECB+I , IC+II
3 9 NEXT: POKECB, 2 55: GOTO 2 9
4J3 PRINT@352 , "JUMP" : PRINT@416 , ; :
INPUT"TO WHAT BLOCK" ; I : I=FIX ( ABS
(I) ) :IFI>2912THEN5ELSECB=I*5+M:G
0T05
41 PRINTS 3 5 2, "FREQUENCY TRANS POS
ATION":PRINT@416, "SEMITONES FROM
A^44j3 HZ"; :INPUTOF: IFOF>2560ROF
<-256THEN5ELSEGOSUB75 : G0T05
42 PRINTS 3 52, "MEMORY CLEAR" : PRIN
T@416, "START BLOCK" ? :INPUTSB:SB=
FIX(ABS(SB) ) : IFSB>2912THEN5
43 INPUT"END BLOCK" ; TB : TB=FIX (AB
S (TB) ) : IFTB>2912THEN5
4 4 GOSUB3:PRINT@416, "INCREMENT" ;
: INPUTIC: IC=FIX( ABS ( IC) ) : IFICol
ANDIC05THEN5
45 I=SB*5+M:IFIC=5THENI=I+CU
46 II=&H7C8A:GOSUB4:I=TB*5+M:IFI
C=5THENI=I+CU ELSEI=I+4
47 II=&H7C8C: G0SUB4 : POKE&H7C8E, I
C : EXEC&H7C7A: G0T05 6
4 8 PRINT@352, "TEMPO" : PRINTS 4 16, ;
: INPUT f! TEMPO" ; QT : QT=ABS ( FIX ( QT) )
:IFQT>65535THEN5ELSEI=QT: II=CB+2
: G0SUB4 : POKECB, 2 53: POKECB+1 , 32 : G
OT029
49 PRINT@3 52 , "LABEL" : POKE282 , 255
:PRINT@416, "HIT LABEL KEY. " : GOSU
B78 :I=ASC(QW$) : IFK3 3 0RI>9j3THEN5
ELSEPOKECB ,253: POKECB+ 1,1: POKECB
+2,I:GOT029
5j3 POKE32767,j3:GOT09
51 POKE32767,l:GOT09
52 S0UND5j3, 3j3 : G0T09
53 PRINI@352, "FIND" : PRINT@416 , "H
IT LABEL TO FIND. ": POKE282 , 255 : G
OSUB7 8
54 I=ASC(QW$) : IFK330RI>9j3THEN5E
LSEPRINT@ 3 5 7 , CHR$ ( I ) : FORII =M TOE
B+5STEP5 : IFPEEK( II+2 ) <>I THENNEX
T:G0T05ELSEIFPEEK(II+1) =1ANDPEEK
(II) =2 53THENCB=II:GOT05ELSENEXT:
G0T05
55 POKECB, 254 :GOT029
56 FORI=CB TO&H78F / 0 STEP5:IFPEEK
( I ) =0THENEB=I : G0T01ELSENEXT : GOTO
1
57 PRINT§352 , "SYNCHRONIZATION" : I
I=j3 : F0RI=1T04 : PRINT@416 , "VOICE"I
H (l=Y,j2f=N) ?" :GOSUB78 :IFQW$<>" / 0"
ANDQW$<>" 1 "THEN5
58 II=II+VAL(QW$) *2 A (1-1) :NEXT:P
OKECB,2 53 : POKECB+1, 2 :P0KECB+2,II
:GOT029
59 PRINT@352, "MUSIC JUMP": PRINT©
416 , ; : INPUT"TO WHAT BLOCK" ;I:I=F
IX (ABS (I) ) : IFI>2912THEN5ELSEI=M+
I*5:P0KECB, 253 : POKECB+1, 64 : II=CB
+2 :G0SUB4 :GOT029
6j3 POKECB, 25 3: POKECB+1, 4 : GOTO 2 9
61 POKECB, 253 : POKECB+1, 8 :GOT029
62 POKE282,255:PRINT§352, "LOAD":
G0SUB3 : PRINT@416 , ; : LINEINPUT"TIT
LE: " ;I$:IFLEN(I$) >8THEN5ELSEPOK
ELS,j3 :GOSUB128 :IFQW$="1"THENCL0A
DM" " + I$ , I ELSEIFQW$="2 " ANDMEM<7j2
/ 0THENLOADM""+I$,I ELSE5
63 POKEHS, j2:CB=M:PRINT@357, "COMP
LETED. . , WAIT. " :GOT056
64 P0KE2 8 2,255: PRINT@ 3 5 2 , "SAVE":
PRINT@416, "1) MUSIC", "2) MUSIC+C
ONFIG", "3) CONFIG" :GOSUB78 :QT=VA
L(QW$) : IFQT=1THENI=M: II=EB+9ELSE
IFQT=2THENI = S : II=EB+9ELSEIFQT=3T
HENI=S: II=M-1ELSE5
65 G0SUB3 : PRINT@4 16, "TITLE : ";:L
INEINPUTI$: IFI$=" " ORLEN ( I $ ) >8THE
N5ELSEP0KELS ,
66 GOSUB128 : IFQW$="1"THEN69
67 IFQW$<>"2"ORMEM>7 j 0pTHEN5ELSES
AVEM"" + I$,I,II,4j39 9 9
68 GOT07J3
69 CSAVEM"" + I$,I,II,4J3999
70 POKEHS , j3 : G0T05
71 POKECB, 253: POKECB+1, 128 : G0T02
9
72 IFPEEK(&H79$8) O1340RPEEK ( &H7
9J39) 0121THEN135
73 CLEAR175,&H2DFF:HS=65495:LS=6
5494 : POKEHS, ,0 : M=&H 4j3j3j3 : W=&H 3j3j3j3 :
E=&H38j3j2 : S=M2Ej3j3 : EQ=&H2Fj2j2 : CB=M
: EB=M: CC=j3 : CS = 1 : IFPEEK(&H79j36) <>
52ORPEEK(&H79 v 07) 0126THEN133
74 CLS3 : PRINT§2 37 , " WAIT " ; : 1=11
67 : CM(j3 ) =1 : CM (1) =1 + 6 4 : CM(2) =1+9 6
:CM(3) =I + 12 8 :CM(4)=I + 16J3:CU=J3:CM
$= fl pPiDbWwjzQCMFtlfvZJseSLyNn-=d
co\k"+CHR$ (12 ) : POKEHS , j3 : GOTO 5 6
75 QT=31214, 74,0j33* ( 1 ♦ j359 4 6 3 1 A 0F)
:FORII=S+254TOS STEP-2 : I«QT : IFI>
32768THENI=32768
June 1987 THE RAINBOW 71
76 G0SUB4:QT=QT/1. 0594631: NEXT :R
ETURN
77 IFMEM<700THENCLS:POKELS,0:DIR
: POKEHS , f5 : GOSUB7 8 : GOT01ELSE9
78 QW$=INKEY$ : IFQW$=" "THEN7 8ELSE
RETURN
79 PRINT@352 , "ENVELOPE/WAVEFORM
CREATE 11 : PRINT @ 4 1 6 , " W ) AVE FORMS " , ,
"E) NVELOPES" : GOSUB78 : IFQW$="e"TH
EN98
80 IFQW$o"w"THEN5
81 CLS:PRINT"1) GRAPHIC", , "2) SI
NE HARMONICS 11 , 1 ^) SQUARE" "4) S
AWTOOTH" , , "5) TRIANGLE" , , "S) JUS
T CHECKING", "7) NOISE/PERCUSSION
","8) BYTE BY BYTE" : GOSUB78 : QT=V
AL(QW$) :IFQT<10RQT>8THEN1
82 GOSUB1J38: IFI>7THEN1
83 OF=W+I*2 56:ONQT GOT084 , 89 , 9 4 ,
95,96,97, 132 , 105
84 QT=j3:CLSj3: II=j3:FORI=OF TOOF+2
55STEP4
85 I$=INKEY$:IFI$=CHR$(94)ANDQT<
=247THENQT=QT+8ELSEIFI$=CHR$ (10)
ANDQT>=8THENQT=QT-8
86 FORSB=0TO3 : POKEI+SB , QT : NEXT : S
B=31-(QT/8-.875) : SET (II , SB, 5) :IF
SB>=1THENRESET ( II , SB- 1 )
87 IFSB<31THENRESET(II,SB+1)
88 IFI$=CHR$ (9)THENII=II+1:NEXT:
GOT097ELSE85
89 CLS: PRINT" INPUT HARMONIC WEIG
HTS (0-1) : " : PRINT :FORI=1TO10:PRI
NTI; rINPUTZ (I) :IFZ(I) <0ORZ (I) >1T
HEN1
90 NEXT :CLS0: 1=0 :IC=0:FORQT=OF T
OOF+255:FORII=1TO10: Y(II) =COS (I*
II) *Z (II)
91 NEXTII:SB=INT(127-126*( (Y(l) +
Y (2 ) +Y ( 3 ) +Y ( 4 ) +Y ( 5 ) +Y (6) +Y (7) +Y (
8)+Y(9)+Y(10) )/(Z (1) +Z (2)+Z (3)+Z
(4)+Z(5)+Z(6)+Z(7)+Z(8)+Z(9)+Z(l
0) ) ) ) :POKEQT,SB: IFSB>IC THENIC=S
B
92 1=1+3 .1415926/128:IFQT/4=FIX(
QT/4) THENSET ( (QT-OF) /4 , 3 1- (PEEK(
QT)/8-.875) ,5)
93 NEXTQT:IC=255/IC-( (255/IC)/25
4):FORI=OF TOOF+255:POKEI,INT(PE
EK(I) *IC) :NEXT:GOT097
94 FORI=OF TOOF+127:POKEI+128,25
5 : POKEI , 0 : NEXT : GOT097
95 FORI=OF TOOF+255 : POKEI, I-OF:N
EXT:GOT097
96 FORI=OF TOOF+127:POKEI,2*(I-0
F) :POKEI+128 , 255-2* (I-OF) : NEXT : G
OT097
97 CLS0: IC=0:FORI=OF TOOF+255STE
P4:SET(IC,31-(PEEK(I)/8-.875) ,2)
: IC=IC+1 : NEXT : QW$=INKEY$ : GOSUB78
: GOTO 1
98 CLS: PRINT" 1) EXPONENTIAL DECA
Y","2) FLAT",, "3) GRAPHIC" ,, "4 )
JUST CHECKING" , "5) BYTE BY BYTE"
:GOSUB78 :QT=VAL(QW$) :IFQT<10RQT>
5THEN1
99 GOSUB108:IFI>7THEN1ELSEOF=E+I
*256
100 ONQT GOTO101, 106,84,97,105
101 PRINT: INPUT "DECAY VALUE", -SB:
SB=ABS(SB) :IFSB<1THEN1
102 PRINT"1) ABSOLUTE", "2) RELAT
IVE " : GOSUB7 8 : 1 FQW$ < 11 1 11 ORQW$ > 11 2 " T
HEN1
103 11=2 55: IFQW$="1"THENQT=0 : INP
UT"STRUM FACTOR" ; IC: IC=FIX (ABS (I
C) ) :IFIC<10RIC>256THEN1ELSEF0RI=
OF TOOF+255:POKEI,II:II=II/SB:QT
=QT+1:IFQT=IC THENQT=0 : 11=2 55 : NE
XT : GOT097ELSENEXT : GOT097
104 FORI=OF TOOF+255 :POKEI, 11/25
5*PEEK(I) :II=II/SB:NEXT:GOT097
105 PRINT:FORI=OF TOOF+255 : PRINT
" BYTE "I-OF" (0-255) " ; : INPUTII : 11=
Information Management System
CSG-IMS is The full-featured relational database manager for the Color Computer and OS9. The com-
prehensive structured application language makes CSG-IMS the ideal development tool for file-intensive
applications. Sophisticated applications can be developed in a small fraction of the time required for
traditional languages.
Interactive access to databases
and quick ad hoc queries.
CSG-IMS includes a recursive compiled
fanguage supporting program modules
with full parameter passing.
User defined screen and report formats.
— Record, index and file size almost
unlimited.
— Text, BCD floating point (14 digit), short
and long integer and date types.
— Run-time interpreter available.
— Comprehensive 320 page manual/tutorial.
CSG-lMS/CoCo2/CoCo3 OS9 $169.95
CSG-IMS/OS9 Lll (multiuser) $495
CSG-IMS/OS9 68K $495
CSG-IMS Demo with manual $30
Shipping: N.Amenca - $5. Overseas - $10
Clearbrook Software Group
P.O. Box 8000-499
Sumas, Wa 98295
Phone: (604) 853-9118
BBS: (604) 859-1266
Available in Canada from:
Kelly Software Distributors Ltd.
Phone: (403) 236-2161
OS9 is a trademark ol Microware and Motorola inc
72 THE RAINBOW June 1987
FIX (ABS (II) ) : IFII>255THEN1ELSEP0
KEI , II : NEXT : GOT097
106 FORI=OF T00F+255:P0KEI,2 55:N
EXT:GOT097
107 P0KECB+CU,J3 :G0T08
1J38 PRINT :PRINT"WHICH TABLE (0-7
) " : G0SUB7 8 : 1 FQW $ < " 0 " ORQW$ > " 7 " THE
NI=9 : RETURNELSEI=VAL ( QW$ ) : RETURN
109 PRINT@352, "COPY" : PRINT@416 , "
START" ; : INPUTSB: SB=FIX (ABS (SB) ) :
IFSB>2912THEN5ELSEINPUT"END" ; TB :
TB=FIX (ABS (TB) ) : IFTB>29120RTB<SB
THEN5ELSEGOSUB3 :PRINT@416, "COPY
TO" ; : INPUTIC: IC=FIX (ABS (IC) ) : IF
IC>29120RIC=SB ORIC+TB-SB>29 12TH
EN5
110 SB=SB*5+M:TB=TB*5+M+4:IC=IC*
5+M:IFIC<SB THENFORI=SB TOTB:POK
EIC+I-SB,PEEK(I) : NEXTELSEFORI=TB
TOSB STEP-l:POKEIC+I-SB,PEEK(I)
:NEXT
111 GOT056
112 POKECB,2 53:POKECB+l,16:GOT02
9
113 EB=CB:GOT07
114 POKE282,255:POKELS,j3:CLS:END
115 PRINT@352 , "NOTE TRANSPOSATIO
N" : PRINT@ 416, "WHICH VOICE (1-4,
5= ALL) ? " : GOSUB78 : QQ=VAL (QW$ ) : IFQ
Q=P0RQQ>5THEN5
116 INPUT "START BLOCK" ; SB: SB=FIX
(ABS (SB) ) :IFSB>2912THEN5
117 GOSUB3 :PRINT@416, "END BLOCK"
; : INPUTTB : TB=FIX ( ABS ( TB ) ) : I FTB> 2
9120RTB<SB THEN5
118 PRINT@448 , "TRANSPOSATION VAL
UE" : PRINT@467 , ; : INPUTIC : IC=2*FIX
(IC/2)
119 FORI=M+5*SB TOM+5*TB STEP5:I
FQQ<5THENII=QQ : GOT012 1
12J3 F0RII=1T04
121 QT=II+I:OF=PEEK(QT) :IFPEEK(I
) <253ANDOF<>j3ANDOF+IC>lANDOF+IC<
2 5 6THENPOKEQT , OF+I C
122 IFQQ<5THEN124
123 NEXTII
124 NEXTI:GOT05
125 IFPEEK(CB) >2520RCU=J3THEN9
126 I=PEEK(CB+CU) :IF(I AND1) =1TH
ENPOKECB+CU, I-1ELSEPOKECB+CU, 1+1
127 POKE343 , 255 : IFINKEY$="-"THEN
127ELSE8
128 GOSUB3:PRINT@416,"l) CAS SETT
E OR 2) DISK?" :GOSUB7 8: RETURN
129 IFI$ = "L"THENI=j3:GOT062ELSEPR
INT@352 , "ODD FILES " : PRINT@416 , " 1
) APPEND", "2) MUSIC+","3) COCO C
OMPOSER" ; : GOSUB78 : IFQW$="3"THENI
=&H13j3j3:GOT062ELSEIFQW$="2"THENI
=&HFPDE : GOTO 62 ELSE IFQW$="1"THENI
=EB-M : GOT062 ELSE5
13 j3 CLS: PRINT" 1) FLAT OR 2) CUST
OM" : GOSUB7 8 : IFQW$< " 1 " ORQW$ > " 2 " TH
EN1ELSEIFQW$="1"THENF0RI=EQ TOEQ
+255 : POKEI ,255: NEXT : GOTOl
131 FORI=j3T012 7 :PRINTFIX( (I+. 5)/
256*6172) ;"HZ (0-255) " ; :INPUTII:
II=FIX(ABS (II) ) :IFII>255THEN1ELS
EPOKEI+EQ , II : NEXT : GOTOl
132 FORI=OF TOOF+255:POKEI,RND(2
55) :NEXT:GOT097
133 CLS:PRINT@j3,">»» BELLS AND
WHISTLES 2 <««",, "TABLES ARE
BEING INITIALIZED. WHEN DONE,
PLEASE TYPE ' RUN ' AGAIN . " : POK
E&H79P6 , 52 : POKE&H79J37 , 12 6 : FORI=E
Q TOEQ+255: POKEI, 255: NEXT
134 OF=j3:GOSUB75:II=&H7C8A:I=&H3
000 : GOSUB4 : I=&H79 0 p : II=&H7C8C : GO
SUB4 : POKE&H7C8E , 1 : EXEC&H7C7A: FOR
I=&H3j3j3j3 TO&H3J37F : POKEI , 0 : POKEI+
128 , 255 : POKEI+&H8J3J3 , 255 : POKEI+&H
8 8 j3 , 2 5 5 : NEXT : PRINT : DELI 3 3 - 1 3 4
135 CLS : PRINT ">>»> BELLS AND WH
U.S. check
money order
RI residents
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TEPCO i
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Portsmouth, RI 02871
e 1987 THE RAINBOW 73
ISTLES 2 «<«" ff "COPYRIGHT (C)
1 1987 BY MATTHEW A. THOMPSON . DRI
VER ROUTINES ARE BEING INITIALI
ZED. WHEN DONE, PLEASE TYPE 'R
UN' AGAIN."
136 PRINT "BELLS AND WHISTLES 2 I
S THE BESTSOUNDING, ALL- SO FT WARE
MUSIC SYNTHESIZER FOR THE CO
CO IN THE ENTIRE WORLD AS OF DEC
EMBER • 8 6 ! " : CLEAR 15 0 , &H7 0 0 0 : FORI
=&H7900 TO&H7FFF:READI$:POKEI,VA
L("&H"+I$) :NEXT:DEL135-
137 DATA 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,86,79,1
F, 8B,CE, 0,0 , 10, 8E, 0,0, 8E, 30,80, C
C, 80,0,C3,0,0,DD, 17, A6,86,8E,3 8,
80,C6,80,E6,85, 3D,C6,0, 3D, 97, 46,
8E, 30,80, CC, 80,0, C3, 0,0, DD, 31, A6
,8 6,8E,38,80,C6,80,E6
138 DATA 85,3D,C6,0,3D, 8B,0,97,6
2 ,8E,30 , 80, CC, 80,0,C3 ,0,0,DD, 4D,
A6,86,8E, 3 8,80,C6,80,E6,85,3D,C6
,0, 3D,8B,0,97,7E,8E, 30, 80, CC, 80,
0,C3,0,0,DD, 69,A6,86,8E, 38,80,C6
,80,E6,85,3D,C6,0,3D,8B,0,B7
139 DATA FF, 20, 33, 41, 11,83,0,64,
26,14,CE,0,0,31,3F,26,3,35,7E,39
,C,24,C,3E,C,5A,C,76,E,13,3D,3D,
3D, 21,FB,21,F9,7E,79 ,13,0,BD,7C,
IE , 10 , BE ,7C,11,8E,2E,0, CE, 2F,0 , C
C, 80, 0,FD, 79,17, FD, 79,31, FD
140 DATA 79,4D,FD,79,69,7F,7C,17
,7D,7F,FF,27,B,34,7E, 10,BF,7C,8F
,BD,7C,92,3 5,7E,E6,A0,C1,0,10,27
,2,2D,C1,FD, 10,24,0,F2,4F,FD,79,
11,E6,A0,27,C,C5,1,2 6,7,8 6,80,B7
,79,24,20,1,5A,5D,26,F,CC,0,0
141 DATA FD,79,1A,CC,79,A8,F7,79
,95,7E,7A,2 4,4F,EC,8B,FD,79,1A,B
D, 7C,1A,E6,CB,B6,7C,13,3D,B7,79,
29,CC,79,24,F7,79,95,E6,A0,27,C,
C5,1,26,7,86,80,B7,7 9,3E,20,1,5A
,5D, 26,F,CC,0,0,FD,79, 3 4,CC,79,A
8
142 DATA F7,79,97,7E,7A,5E,4F,EC
,8B,FD, 79, 3 4,BD,7C, 1A , E6 , CB , B6 , 7
C,14,3D,B7,79,43,CC, 79,3E,F7,79,
97 , E6 , A0 , 2 7 , C , C5 , 1 , 2 6 , 7 , 8 6 , 80 , B7
,79,5A,20,1,5A,5D,26,F,CC,0,0,FD
,79,50,CC,79,A8,F7,79,99,7E,7A, 9
8
143 DATA 4F,EC,8B,FD,79,50,BD,7C
,1A,E6,CB,B6,7C,15,3D,B7,79,5F,C
C, 79,5A,F7,79,99,E6,A0,27,C,C5, 1
,2 6,7,86,80,B7,79,76,20,1,5A,5D,
26 , F , CC,0 , 0 , FD, 79 , 6C, CC, 79 , A8 , F7
, 79,9B,7E,7A,D2,4F,EC,8B,FD,79, 6
C
144 DATA BD,7C, 1A,E6,CB,B6,7C, 16
,3D,B7,79,7B,CC,79,76,F7,79,9B,B
D, 79,6.,7E,79,C8,C1,FE, 2 6, 17,E6,A
0,F7,7C,13,E6,A0,F7,7C,14,E6,A0,
F7,7C,15,E6,A0,F7,7C,16,7E,79,C8
,C1,FF,2 6,61,A6,A0,34,2,84,7,C6,
80, C3
145 DATA 30, 0,FD, 79, 14, 35, 2, 47, 4
7,47,C3,38,0,FD,79,21,A6,A0,3 4,2
,84,7,C3,30,0,FD,7 9,2E,35,2,47,4
7,47,C3,3 8,0,FD,79, 3B, A6 , A0 , 34 , 2
,84,7,C3,30,0,FD,79,4A,35,2,47,4
7,47,C3,3 8,0,FD,79,57,A6,A0
146 DATA 34,2,84,7,C3,30,0,FD, 79
,66,35,2,47,47,47,C3,3 8,0,FD,79,
73,7E,79,C8,A6,A0,85,1,10,26,0,2
9, 85, 2, 10, 26, 0,48, 85, 4, 10, 26, 0,6
C, 85, 8, 10, 2 6, 0,7 4, 85, 10,10,2 6,0,
16,85,20,10,2 6,0,85,85,40
147 DATA 10, 26, 0,78, 31, 23, 7E, 79,
C8,31,23,7E,79,C8,31,2 3,3 4,60,B7
, FF , D8 , AD ,9F,A0,0,27, FA , 7 D , 7 F , FE
,27,3,B7,FF,D9,35,60,81,3,10,27,
0,62,7E,79,C8,3 4 , 10 , 8E , 80 , 0 , E6 , A
4, C5, 1, 27, 3, BF, 79,17,C5,2,27, 3
148 DATA BF,79,31,C5,4,27,3,BF,7
9,4D,C5,8,2 7,3,BF,79,69,3 5,10,31
,2 3,7E,79,C8,31,23, 10 , BF , 7C , 18 , 8
6,FF,B7,7C, 17,7E,79,C8,B6,7C,17,
81, 0,27, A, 7F,7C, 17, 10, BE, 7 C, 18,7
E, 79,C8,31,2 3,7E,79,C8,EC,A4,1F,
2
149 DATA 7E,79,C8,EC,A4,FD,79, 86
,31,23,7E,79,C8,BD,7C,37,39,40,0
,3F,40,40,40,0,0,0,1F,89,4F,39,B
6,FF,3,84,F6,B7,FF,3,B6,FF,1,84,
F7,B7,FF, 1,B6,FF,2 3,8A,8,B7,FF,2
3, 3 9,B6,FF, 3 , 8A, 9 , B7 , FF , 3 , B6
150 DATA FF,1,8A,8,B7,FF,1,B6,FF
,23,84,F7,B7,FF,2 3,3 9,B7,FF,D9,B
D, 79,A9,B7,FF,D8,39,8E,79,0,A6,1
B, A7,84,30,1F,BC,7C, 69, 2 4, F5, 39,
40,0, BE, 7C, 78,A6,5,A7,80,8C,79,0
,23,F7,39,40,0,BE,7C,8A,F6,7C,8E
151 DATA 6F,84,30,85,BC,7C,8C,23
,F7,39,40,0,78,FC,1,40,0,0,7F,7C
,91, 10,BE,7C,8F,31, 31,FC,7C, 8F,C
3,0,14,FD, 7C, 8F, 10, 8C, 40,0,2 5, 5B
,10,8C,79,4,22,55,10,BC,7C, 8F, 2 5
,1,3 9,A6,A0,81,FC,22,6B,4D,2 7,11
152 DATA 1F,89,BD,7F,79,BD,7F,D2
,8E,7F,B5,BD,7F,D,7E,7C,D7,8E,7E
,E6,BD,7F, D, 7F, 7E,FA,E6,A0 , 5D, 10
,27,0,AA,C5, 1,2 6,6,BD,7F,D2,7E,7
C, EF,5A,BD,7F,DC,BD, 7F,79,8E,7F,
B5,BD,7F,D,7C,7E,FA, B6, 7E,FA,81,
4
153 DATA 25,D8,7E,7C,A4,8E,7E,DE
,BD,7F,D,8E,7E,DE,BD, 7F,D, 8E,7E,
74 THE RAINBOW June 1987
DE,BD,7F,D,8E,7E,DE, BD, 7F, D, 8E , 7
E, DE,BD,7F,D, 31,25,7E, 7C,A4 , 81, F
F, 25,3 7,8E,7E,C6,BD, 7F,D,BD,7F, D
2,7F,7E,FA, 86,2C,B7, 7F,B7,A6,A4,
84
154 DATA 7,8B,30,B7,7F,B8,A6,A0,
44,44,44,8B,30,B7,7F,B6,8E, 7F,B5
,BD,7F,D,7C,7E,FA,B6,7E,FA,81,4,
25,DD,7E, 7C,A4,81,FE, 25,2D,8E,7E
.F6,BD,7F,D,BD,7F,D2,7F,7E,FA,E6
,A0,BD, 7F,79,8E, 7F, B5,BD,7F,D,7C
,7E
155 DATA FA, B6 , 7E , FA, 81,4,25, EB,
7E,7C,A4,8E,7E,E6,BD,7F,D, 7E,7C,
F8,A6,A0, 85,1, 10,2 6,0,47,85,2,10
,2 6,0,7 4,85,4,10,2 6,0,B5,85,8,10
,26,0,D2,85,10,10,26,0,D2,85,20,
10, 26, 1,6, 8 5, 40, 10, 26, 0 , CC
156 DATA 8E,7E,EA,BD, 7F, D, 8E,7E,
E2,BD / 7F,D,8E,7E,E2,BD,7F / D / 8E,7
E, E2,BD,7F, D,8E,7E,E2 ,BD,7F,D,31
,2 3,7E,7C,A4,8E,7E,CA, BD,7F, D,A6
, A0 , C6 , 20 , F7 , 7F , B5 , F7 , 7F , B6 , F7 , 7
F, B8,B7,7F,B7,8E / 7F,B5,BD,7F / D, 8
E
157 DATA 7E,E2,BD,7F,D,8E,7E,E2,
BD,7F,D,8E, 7E,E2 , BD, 7F, D, 31 , 22 , 7
E, 7C,A4,8E,7E,CE,BD, 7F, D,7F,7E,F
A,7F,7E,5C, 7C,7E,5C / C6,20,F7 / 7F,
B5 , F7 , 7 F , B6 , F7 , 7F , B8 , C6 , 53 , F7 , 7F
,B7,A6,A4,B5,7E, 5C,2 6, 8,8E,7E,E2
, BD
158 DATA 7F,D,20,6,8E,7F,B5,BD,7
F, D,78,7E,5C,7C,7E, FA ,B6 , 7E , FA, 8
1 / 4,25,DE,31,23,7E / 7C / A4,1 / 8E,7E
,EE,BD,7F,D,8E,7E,E2 ,BD,7F, D,8E,
7E,E2,BD,7F,D,8E,7E,E2,BD,7F,D, 8
E, 7E,E2,BD, 7F,D, 31,23 , 7E,7C,A4
159 DATA 8E,7E,F2,7E, 7E,60,8E,7E
, DA, 7E,7E, 60,8E,7E,D6,BD,7F,D,EC
,A1,34,4,1F,89,BD,7F,D2,BD,7F,79
,8E,7F,B5,BD,7F,D,35,4,BD,7F,79,
8E,7F,B5,BD,7F,D,8E,7E,E2,BD,7F,
D,8E,7E,E2,BD,7F,D,31,21,7E,7C,A
4
160 DATA 8E,7E,D2,7E,7E,8F,20,45
,2F, 57, 20 ,40,41,42,20,53,59,4b, 2
0,54,4D,50,20,4A,4D,50,20,42,52,
4B,AF,AF,AF,AF,20 / 20 / 20,20,20 / 20
,2E,20,20,4E,4F / 50 / 20 / 53,52,54,2
0,45,52,54 / 20 / 56,4F / 4C,0,34 / 12 / 4
F, E6, 61
161 DATA 8D,5D,E7,61,E6,62,8D,57
,E7,62,35,14,39 / F6 / 7C,91,Cl / 23,2
5,l / 39,CE / 7F,27,E6,C5,4F,C3,4 / 8 3
, DD, 88, BD,7F,4A,7C, 70,91,39 ,0,40
, 60, 80, A0, 4, 44, 64, 84, A4, 8, 4 8, 68,
88,A8,C,4C, 60, 80, AC, 10,50,70,90,
B0
162 DATA 14,54,74,94,64,18,58,78
,98,B8,7F,7F,5E,A6,80,7C,7F,5E,A
D,9F,A0,2,F6,7F, 5E , 01 , 4 , 25 , F0 , 39
,0,8E,0, 8, 58, 49, OA, 1,24,4,A0, 62,
20,8 / A0,62 / 24 / 4 / C4,FE,AB / 62,30,1
F,2 6,EA, 39,4F, IF, 1,86, 64,BD,7E
163 DATA FB,BF,7F,B0,1F,89,4F,1F
, 1,86,A,BD,7E,FB,BF, 7F,B2 ,B7, 7F,
B4,FC,7F,B0,CB, 30 , F7 , 7F, B6 , FC, 7F
,B2,CB, 30,F7,7F,B7,F6,7F,B4,CB,3
0,F7,7F / B8 / BD / 7F, 89,39,0,0,0, 0,0
/ 20,20,20,20,B6,7F,B6,C6,20 / 81,3
0
164 DATA 27,1,39,F7,7F,B6,B6,7F,
B7,81,30,27,1,39,F7,7F,B7,39,34,
2,86,20 / B7 / 7F,B5 / 35,2,39,34 / 2,86
,2D / B7 / 7F / B5 / 35,2,39,0,0 / 0,0,0,0
,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0
,0,0,0,0
Listing 2: BW2C3FIX
84 QT=0 : HSCREEN2 : PALETTE0 , 0 : HCOL
0R1:HLINE( 30 ,60) -(290,191) ,PSET,
B:II=3 2:FORI=OF TOOF+255
85 I$=INKEY$ : IFI$=CHR$ (9 4) ANDQT<
=253THENQT=QT+2ELSEIFI$=CHR$ (10)
ANDQT>=2THENQT=QT-2
86 POKEI,QT:SB=FIX(189-QT/2) : HSE
T(II,SB,4) :HRESET(II,SB-1)
87 HRESET(II,SB+1)
90 NEXT : HSCREEN2 : PALETTE0 , 0 : HCOL
0R1 : HLINE (30,60)-(290,191), PSET ,
B:I=0:IC=0:FORQT=OF TOOF+255: FOR
II=1TO10: Y(II)=COS (1*11) *Z (II)
92 1=1+3. 1415926/128 :HSET(QT-OF+
32,189-PEEK(QT)/2,4)
97 HSCREEN2 : PALETTE0 , 0 : HC0L0R1 : H
LINE (30 ,60) -(290, 191) ,PSET,B:IC=
32:F0RI=0F TOOF+255 :HSET (IC, 189-
PEEK ( I ) /2 , 4 ) : IC=IC+1 : NEXT : QW$=IN
KEY$ : G0SUB78 : HSCREEN0 : PALETTE0 , 1
8: GOTO 1
**★*★*★***
*
*
*
*
CoCo II&III Graphics Editor
II-32K III-128K
Tape/ Disk $20
Payment must accompany order.
La. residents add 5.8% sales tax.
Jason Guilbeau
1 15 Mendell Drive
Carencro, La. 70520
*
*
*
*
**★★*★*★★★
June 1987
THE RAINBOW
75
Flay Dt Again,
I
The new Color Computer owner buys his/her versatile machine for its graphics and music
capabilities, organization of their home and office, educational purposes — both in the home
and school and to acquire programming knowledge — and some, simply for pure fun and
entertainment.
As far as the CoCo is concerned, the more you learn, the more you realize how little you actually
know. That is why every session at the keyboard is an adventure in learning.
THE RAINBOW is a teaching environment and we realize that the majority of our readers will
always be beginners. In our continuing effort to always keep the new user in mind and in addition
to the many beginner feature articles and programs published in every issue, "Novices Niche"
contains shorter BASIC program listings that entertain as well as help the new user gain expertise
in all aspects of the Color Computer: graphics, music, games, utilities, education, programming,
etc.
Contributions to "Novices Niche" are welcome from everyone. We like to run a variety of short
programs that can be typed in at one sitting and are useful, educational and fun. Keep in mind,
although the short programs are limited in scope, many novice programmers find it enjoyable and
quite educational to improve the software written by others.
Program submissions must be on tape or disk. We 're sorry, but we cannot key in program listings.
All programs should be supported by some editorial commentary, explaining how the program
works. If your submission is accepted for publication, the payment rate will be established and
agreed upon prior to publication. ¥ v „
Submissions Editor
ew
exican
Folk Dances
By J ulian Josue Vigil
Almost everyone knows the tune of "La Varsoviana (The
Girl from Warsaw)", or at least has made an attempt to tap
their foot to the beat. Other Mexican tunes may not be so
well-known, but are just as charming.
The following folk dances were compiled with reference to
Mela Sedillo's Mexican and New Mexican Folkdances
(Albuquerque, New Mexico: 1950). The arrangements are
basically identical to those in Sedillo's book, with two minor
changes: a triplet of eighth notes in "La Varsoviana" is given
a length value of L9 instead of L8, and the quarter note
beginning "La Raspa" has been replaced with an eighth rest
and eighth note for a smooth replay in Line 7111.
The following programs can be typed individually or
incorporated into one main program by putting all the listings
together. These nine files will be combined on rainbow on
TAPE and RAINBOW ON DISK.
The listing: FOLKSONG
La Varsoviana
0 CLS
5 FOR D=l TO 7 5)3: NEXT D
I) 3 PRINT @ 2)3)3, "LA VARSOVIANA."
25 FOR D=l TO 15)3)3: NEXT D
II) 3 A$="T302L8DGB;03ED02BDGB;03E
D02BDGB ;03ED02B03DC02B ; L4 . AL8DF#
A03DC02ADF#A;03DC02ADF#A;03F#EDC
02BA;L2GL4D; "
111 PLAY A$-
12) 3 B$="02L4BL8BA#B03C;02L2AL4D;
AL8AG# AB ; L2 GL4 D ; BL8BA # BO 3 C ; 02 L4 .
A03 L9DDD ; L8F#EDC02BA ; L2 . G; "
121 PLAY B$
13) 3 PLAY A$
14) 3 PLAY B$
El Chote
1)3)3)3 CLS
1)3)35 FOR D=l TO 75)3 : NEXT D
76
THE RAINBOW June 1987
1)81)3 PRIN'P@2)33 / "EL CHOTE . 11
1) 325 FOR D=l TO 15)3)3:NEXT D
111) 3 C$="T302L8GF;EG03EDC02GEG;L
4EBL2B ; L4FBL8BGAB ; 03L4CEC02L8GF ;
EG03 E DC02 BEG ; L4 FBL2 B ; L4FBL8 BGAB ;
03L4CECP4 ; 11
1111 PLAY C$
112) 3 D$ = "03L4D02A03D02A;L8B03C02
BGL2D;03L4C02A03C02A;L8GF#GAL2B;
03L4D02A03D02A;L8B03C02BGL2D;03L
4C02A03C02 A; L8GF#GAL2G ; 11
1121 PLAY D$
113) 3 PLAY C$
114) 3 PLAY D$
La Vaquerita
2000 CLS
2005 FOR D=l TO 750:NEXT D
2010 PRINT §201, "LA VAQUERITA."
2) 325 FOR D=l TO 1500: NEXT D
21 .10 E$="T502 L2 CF ; L4AAAG ; L2 AL4 FA
; 03L2 C02L4B-G ; 03 L2 C02 L4 B-G ; L4AB-
AG;L2FL4CF;AAAG; L2AL4FA;03L2C02L
4B-G ; 03 L2C02 L4B-G ; AB-AG ; L2 F "
2111 PLAY E$
2120 F$="03L4FE;DDD02B-;03L2DL4E
D;CCC02A;03L2C02L4FA;03L2C02L4B-
G;03L2C02L4 B-G; AB-AG ;L2F03L4FE;D
DD02B- ; 03L2DL4ED ; CCC02 A ; 03L2 C02L
4FA;03L2C02L4B-G;03L2C02L4B-G;AB
-AG ; L1F ; "
2121 PLAY F$
2130 PLAY E$
2140 PLAY F$
L a Cuna
3000 CLS
3005 FOR D=l TO 7 50: NEXT D
3010 PRINT @203, "LA CUNA."
3025 FOR D=l TO 1500: NEXT D
3110 G$="T303L4C02AL4 . FL8C ; FCFAL
4AG ; B-GL4EL8 C ; ECEGL4 GF ; 03 C02AL4 .
FL8C; FCFAL4AG ; B-GL4EL8C ; ECEGL4GL
8FC; "
3111 PLAY G$
3 120 H$=" FAFCFAFC ; FCFAL4AL8GC ; EG
ECEGEC ; ECEGL4GL8FC ; FAFCFAFC ; FCFA
L4AL8GC ;EGECEGEC ;ECEGL4GF ; 11
3121 PLAY H$
3130 PLAY G$
3140 PLAY H$
L a C ami I a
4(50(5 CLS
4005 FOR D=l TO 750:NEXT D
4010 PRINT @202, "LA C AMI LA. 11
4025 FOR D=l TO 1500: NEXT D
4110 I$="T403L2C02B;L8A03C02BAL2
G ; L8FAGFEGFE ; DFEDL2C ; 03L2 C02B;L8
A03C02BAL2G ; L8FAGFEGFE ; DFEDL2C; "
4111 PLAY 1$
4120 J$="L8GECEGECE ; GGAEL4GF ;L8F
D01B02DFD01B02D ; FFGDL4FE ; L8GECEG
ECE ;GGAEL4GF ; L8FD01B02DFD01B02D;
FFGDL4EC ; "
4121 PLAY J$
4130 PLAY 1$
4140 PLAY J$
El Palomo y la Paloma
5000 CLS
5005 FOR D=l TO 7 50: NEXT D
5010 PRINT @197, "EL PALOMO Y LA
PALOMA . "
5025 FOR D=l TO 1500: NEXT D
5110 K$="T4P403L4ED;L2C02L4G;L2A
L4G ; B03L2 D ; P4L4FE ; L2D02L4G ; L2AL4
G;03L2 .C;"
5111 PLAY K$ : PLAY K$
5120 L$="P402L8GAB03C;L4EEE;EDC-;
02A03L2D;P402L8 GAB03 C ; L4 FFF ; FE D ;
CL2E ; P402L8GAB03C ; L4GGG ; GFE ; FL2A
; P4L4AA ; L2GL4 F ; L2EL4D ; L2 . C ; L4 CP2
7 "
5121 PLAY L$
5130 PLAY K$ : PLAY K$
5140 PLAY L$
El Jilote
6000 CLS
6005 FOR D=l TO 750: NEXT D
6010 PRINT @203, "EL JILOTE."
6025 FOR D=l TO 1500:NEXT D
6110 M$="T402L4A;03CCC;C02AA;B-0
3 CC ; CO 2 AA ; 0 3 CCC ; C02 B- A ; GAG ; "
6111 PLAY M$ : PLAY M$
6112 PLAY "FP2 ; 11
6120 N $= " L2 FL4 C ; L2 FL8 FG ; L4 AGF ; GE
E;L2B-L4G;L2B-L8B-03C;L4DC02B-;B
-AC ; L2 FL4 C ; L2 FL8 FG ; L4 AGF ; GEE ; L2 B
-G;L2B-L8B-03C;L4DC02B-;03L1C; "
6121 PLAY N$
6130 PLAY M$ : PLAY M$
6131 PLAY "P2L4C; 11
6140 PLAY N$
La Rasp a
7000 CLS
7005 FOR D=l TO 750: NEXT D
7010 PRINT @196, "LA RASPA or LA
S INDITAS."
7025 FOR D=l TO 1500:NEXT D
7110 0$="T3P802L8C ; L8FCFC ;L4 . FL8
C; FL16GFL8EF ;L4 . GL8C;ECEC;L4 . EL8
C ; EL16FEL8DE ; L2F ; 11
7111 PLAY 0$:PLAY 0$
June 1987 THE RAINBOW 77
7120 P$="L8AL16AG#L8AL16AG# ;L8A0
3C02FL16FF; L8GFED ; CP8L8A ; B-03 D02
B-GA03C02AF ; GB-EG ; L4 . FL8A ; B-03 DO
2B-G ; A03C02AF ; GB-EG ; L2F ; "
7121 PLAY P$
713j3 PLAY 0$:PLAY 0$
7140 PLAY P$
Polquita
8ppp CLS
80j35 FOR D=l TO 75j3:NEXT D
8j310 PRINT @203, "POLQUITA."
8025 FOR D=l TO 1500: NEXT D
8110 Q$="T302L4CL8FL16A;03L8CCP8
L16CC ; L8DC02B-A ; B-L4 . G ; L4CL8 . ELI
6E ; L8B-L4 . B-L16B-B- ; 03 L8C02B-AG ;
L4AFP4;L4CL8.FL16A;03L8CCP8L16CC
;L8DC02B-A;L8B-L4 .G;L4CL8 .EL16G;
L8B-L8 . B-L16B-B- ; 03L8C02B-AG ; AFP
803L16C02A;"
8111 PLAY Q$
8120 R$="L8FFFA; AGP8L16B-G; L8EEE
G;GFP803L16C02A;L8FFFA;AGP8L16B-
G;L8EEEG;L2F; 11
8121 PLAY R$
8130 PLAY Q$
8140 PLAY R$
8400 FOR D=l TO 2500:NEXT D
8500 GOTO 0
?olor Conductor
By David Schuff
Do you love computer music but hate entering long
program lines? Even if you don't know much about music,
you can spend a few minutes typing and add this music to
your own programs. Your friends and relatives will, no doubt,
be amazed at your sudden musical ability.
The following melodies were developed from sheet music
and coded into PLAY statements. The run time (length of each
song) is listed in the remark statements of each program. The
songs are entertaining and give you something that will show
off the Color Computer.
Gavotte f rom Gavotte & Musette
Listing 1: GAVOTTE
10 REM * GAVOTTE - CONVERTED *
20 REM * FOR THE TRS-80 COCO *
30 REM * BY DAVID SCHUFF *
40 REM * RUN TIME: 1:12.89 *
50 CLS : PRINT@257 , "GAVOTTE FROM G
AVOTTE & MUSETTE"
60 A1$="03L4GL8B-A;L4B-L8GDL4AL8
F#D ; L2GL4E-L8C02A ; L403DL802 B-G03
C02A03L4D02L4B-L8AG03L4GL8B-A"
70 A2$ = "L4B-L8GDL4AL8F#D;L4 .GL8F
L8E-DC02B- ; 03AB-DE-FCD ; 02L2B-"
80 A3$="03L4DL8FE-;L4FL8D02B-03G
E-C ; L2FL8B-AGA ; B-GECB-AGA; L8B-AG
FGFEF ;GEC#02A03GFE-F"
90 A4$ = "GFEDL4AA;L16AB-AB-AB-AB-
AB-AB-AB-L8 A 7 AFG AB- AGF ;EDC#DGFE-
100 A5$ = "L2DL4DL8FE-;L4FL8D02B03
L4A-L8FD ; L4E-L8C02GL403GL8E-C ; L4
DL802B-G03L4GL8DB-;03L4C02L8AF#L
4E-C02A"
110 A6$ = "03L4DL802B-G03C02AB-G;A
DEF#GAB-G ; 03E-AB-B-CAB-G ; L4ADGL8
B-A"
120 A7$="02L8B-F#GDBFGD;03C02DE-
F03C02G03D02G;03E-BAGEBC02G;03FO
2GA03CFCGC"
130 A8$="AEF#DB-FGD;04C03B-D04CO
3B-AGF# ;GDE-C02L16B-03C02L8B-AG;
L2G"
14j3 PLAY "XA1$;XA2$;XA3$;XA4$;XA
5$ ;XA6$;XA7$;XA8$;"
15j3 END
The Yellow Rose of Texas 1
Listing 2: TEXAS
lj3 REM * THE YELLOW ROSE OF *
20 REM * TEXAS - CONVERTED *
30 REM * FOR THE TRS-80 COCO *
40 REM * BY DAVID SCHUFF *
50 REM * RUN TIME: 1:43.14 *
60 CLS : PRINT@ 2 61," THE YELLOW ROS
E OF TEXAS"
70 A0$="O3T3L8GF"
8 0 A1$ = "L4EGGG ; AL2GL4 F ; EGL4 . 04CL
8D; L2 . EL4E ; E03GG04E"
90 A2$="EL2DL4C ; 03L4 . B04L8CL4 . DL
8E;L2 . DL403G ;EGGG ; AL2GL4F"
100 A3 $="L4 . EL8G04L4 . CL8D ; L2 . EL4
03G ; G04FFF ; FEL4 . DL8C ; L4 . CL8GL4 . 0
4EL8D;L2.C"
110 A4 $ = " O 3 L8 GF ; L4 EGGG ; AL2GL4 F ; E
G04L4 . CL8D ; L2 . EL403G"
120 A5$="G04EEE;EL2DL4C;03B04CDE
; L2 . D03L8GF ; L4EGGG"
13 0 A6$ = "AGL4 . GL8F ; L4EG04L4 . CL8D
; L2 . E03 L8 GG ; L4G04FFF ; FEL4 . DL8C"
140 A7$="04C03L8G04L4 .EL8D;L1C;L
2 . C03L8GF"
150 A8$="L204C03G;04L2 .EL4D;L1C;
C;C;L4C"
160 PLAY "XA0$;XA1$;XA2$;XA3$;XA
4$;XA5$;XA6$;XA7$;XA1$;XA2$;XA3$
;XA4 $ ; XA5$ ; XA6 $ ; XA7$ ; XA8 $ ; "
78
THE RAINBOW
June 1987
Hail to the Chief
Listing 3: CHIEF
10 REM * HAIL TO THE CHIEF - *
20 REM * CONVERTED FOR THE *
30 REM * TRS-80 COCO BY *
40 REM * DAVID SCHUFF *
50 REM * RUN TIME: 0:46.70 *
60 CLS:PRINT@264, "HAIL TO THE CH
IEF"
70 A1$="T303L2GL4 . AL8B ;04L2C03L4
. BL8A ; L4 . GL8AL4GE ; L2 DC"
80 A2$="G04L4.CL8D;L2EL4 .DL8C;L4
. DL8CL4 . DL8E ; LID"
90 A3$=A1$
100 A4$="L2G04L4 . C03L8B ; L4ACGE ; L
2G04L4 . CL8D;L2 . C;L2EL4 . EL8E"
110 A5 $= "L4 . EL8EL4 FE ; L2 DL4 DE ; L2D
03G ; 04EL4 . EL8E ; L2EL4DC"
120 A6$="L2D03L4 . GL8G ; L1G ; 04L2CL
4.C03L8B;L2A04L4C03A;G04CCD"
130 A7$="L2EC;03A04L4.C03L8A;L4G
AL2G ; G04L4 . CL8D ; L2 . C ; C"
140 PLAY "XA1$;XA2$;XA3$;XA4$;XA
5$;XA6$;XA7$;"
150 END
Follow Me
Listing 4: FOLLDWME
10 REM * FOLLOW ME - ADAPTED *
20 REM * FOR THE TRS-80 COCO *
30 REM * BY DAVID SCHUFF *
40 REM * RUN TIME: 1:25.40 *
50 CLS : PRINT@268 , "FOLLOW ME"
60 A1$="T3L4F#F#;L4 . F#L8F#F#L4F#
L4 . A; L4AL8AL4BT3L1 . A ; "
70 A2$="L8AL4A;L4 . BL8BL4 .AL8A;L4
.GL8GL4GF#;L1.E"
80 A3$="L8F#L4GL3 . A04L8EL4D03L3 .
G;L8AL4BL2A;L8AAL4F#L3 . D"
90 A4 $= " L8 DL4 E ; L8F# L4AL2AL8A ; L4 .
BL8AL4 . GL8 F # "
100 A5$="L1.E;L8F#L4EL3 .D;L8F#L4
AL3.G"
110 A6$="L8 . B04L7E ; L4 . DL8DD03L4A
L8L1G"
120 A7$="L8F#L4AL2AL8A ;L4 . GL8F#L
8EL4EL1 . D"
130 A8 $="L4AA ; L4 . AL8AL4BL3A ; L8 . A
AA"
140 A9$="L4.GL8GL4GG;L2.F#L4F#;L
4.F#L8F#L4.F#L8F#"
150 B1$="L3 . AL8AL4AA ; L4BBL8 BAL4G
;L1AL8A"
160 B2$="L4.BL8B04L4DL8DL8. .D;03
L2AL4A ; BBBB ; 03AL8 . . F#L8GL4A"
170 B3 $="L4 . BL8BL4 . AL8A ; L4 . GL8GL
4F#F# ;L4GGL4F#L8EL1A"
180 B4$="T2P5L8F#L4AL3AL4A;GF#L8
EL4EL1.D"
190 PLAY "XA1$;XA2$;XA3$;XA4$;XA
5$ ; XA6 $ ; XA7 $ ; XA8 $ ; XA9 $ ; XB1$ ; XB2 $
; XB3 $ ; XA3 $ ; XA4 $ ; XA5 $ ; XA6 $ ; XA7 $ ; X
B4 $ ; "
Leaving on a Jet Plane
Listing 5: JETPLANE
10 REM * LEAVING ON A JET *
20 REM * PLANE - ADAPTED FOR *
30 REM * THE TRS-80 COCO BY *
40 REM * DAVID SCHUFF *
50 REM * RUN TIME: 2:35.73 *
60 CLS:PRINT@2 62,"LEAVING ON A J
ET PLANE"
70 • A1$="T2L4GL8F#L4 . D; L8GF#DL4GL
8F#D;L4GL8F#L4.D;L8GL4F#L8DP8GL4
A"
80 A2$="04C03L8BL4 . GL4D ; L8EEL4GA
G;04L4C03L8BL4 .GL4D;EL8GL4 . . AL8G
ii
90 A3$="04L4C03L8BL4 .AL4G;04C03L
8BL4 . AL4G ; LI . AP4L8GL4A"
100 A4 $="04C03L8BL4 . GL8 DD ; L4EL8G
L4 . AL4G;04C03BL8GDL4D; L8EEGL4 . .A
L8G"
110 A5$="04L4C03BAG;04C03BAG;L1.
A;L404D"
120 A6$="L2D03L4B04D;C03L8BL2G;0
4 L4 DL8 CO 3 L4 BO 4 L4 D ; C03 L8 BL2 G "
130 A7$="04L4DL8C03L4B04D;L8C03L
4 . BL4AG ; LI . AP404L8DL4D"
140 A8$="L2D03G;04L4EL8DL4CL4. D;
P5L4D03B04D;C03L8BL4GL8EL3 .D;P50
4L4D"
15 0 A9$ = "L4 . C03L8BL4AG ; " : B1$ = "L1
A;P404L8CL4C"
160 B2$="03L1A;04P8L4D;L2DD;L4GL
8F#L4EL4.D;"
170 B3$="P5L4D03B04D;C03L8BL4GL8
EL2 . D ; P5L404D ; L1C ; 03L3BAG ; L1A"
180 PLAY "XA1$;XA2$;XA3$;XA4$;XA
5$ ; XA6 $ ; XA7 $ ; XA8 $ ; XA9 $ ; XB1$ ; XA2 $
; XA3 $ ; XA4 $ ; XA5 $ ; XA6 $ ; XA7 $ ; XA8 $ ; X
A9$;XB2$;XB3$;"
Country Roads
Listing 6: COUNTRY
10 REM * TAKE ME HOME, COUNTRY *
20 REM * ROADS - ADAPTED FOR *
30 REM * THE TRS-80 COCO BY *
40 REM * DAVID SCHUFF *
50 REM * RUN TIME: 1:22.24 *
60 CLS:PRINT@259,"TAKE ME HOME,
COUNTRY ROADS"
70 A1$="T302L8A03L4 .AL4C# ;02L8DG
#03L4EL8B04C#L4E;03L8B04C#L4EL8E
L4F#"
June 1987 THE RAINBOW 79
80 A2$="L8C#03L4.AL4EE;L4.F#L2E;
P2L4F#L8EL4F#L2A"
90 A3$="03P2L8BL4 . B;04C#03L2B;L4
F#F#F#E;L8F#L4AL1A"
100 A4$="L4P2EE;L4.F#L2E;L4F#AAO
4C#;L1C#"
110 A5$="03L4BBBB;04L4 .C#03L2B;L
4 F # A AL8 B L2 A "
120 A6$="03L4AB;04L1C# ;L8C#03BL4
A;L1B;04L4C#03B"
130 A7$="03L1A;04L4C#E;L1F#;L4F#
F#;EL2.C#"
140 A8 $=" L8C#03BL4A ; B04L2 . C# ; L8C
#03 BL4 A ; LI A ; L4AB"
150 A9$="L1A;P2L4AAA;L2G#L4AB"
160 B1$="04C#C#C#C# ; C#03BL4 . AL8A
;04L4 . DL8DL4DD; DC#03BA"
170 B2$="L2B04L4.C#L8C#;L2 ,03B;L
4B;04C#C#C#C# ;03BBL8BL4 . B ; L4AAL8
AL4.A"
180 B3$="AL8AAL4.A;L4B04C#03L1B;
L4B04C#L1D"
190 PLAY "XA1$;XA2$;XA3$;XA4$;XA
5 $ ; XA6$ ;XA7 $ ; XA8 $ ; XA9 $ ;XB1 $ ; XB2 $
;XB3$;XA6$ ;XA7$ ;XA8$ ; 03 LI A"
Up With The Beat
By Bill Bernico
In the August '86 "Letters to the Editor" section of
RAINBOW (Page 8), Michael Bridges requested a program to
allow the CoCo to perform as a metronome: a clockwork
device used to help maintain a regular tempo while practicing
music. Granted, it's not sophisticated enough to use in a
recording studio, like Mr. Bridges wanted, but it will show
the ambitious programmer how to build one.
The up and down arrow keys are used to select the speed,
the ENTER key is used to set the metronome in motion; to
change the speed, simply press S. As you select a speed, notice
the numeric speed value in the upper (eft-hand corner of the
screen. It changes with each arrow keystroke. Make a note
of the number and it will help you find an appropriate speed
the next time you run the program.
Thecommas in the listing are place holders for the graphics
characters that are not being used in the display. Be sure to
put them in the correct place when typing the listing.
The listing: METRNOME
1 PM0DE4,1:PCLS1:SCREEN1,1:DIMA$
(90) :FORA=3 2T09j3:READA$ (A) : NEXT :
DRAW"CJ3BM165 , 6" : A$="METRONOME" : G
0SUB18 : DRAWBM3 , 10" : A$="SPEED" : G
0SUB18 : DRAW 11 BM3 ,20" :A$=" VALUE" : G
0SUB18 : LINE (0,25)-(40,35), PSET , B
: DRAW"BM76 , 11" : F0RX=1T025 : DRAW"R
9BD3L9BD3" : NEXT
2 DRAW" BM9 p , 1 7 " : A $= " S LOWES T" : GOS
UB18 : DRAW"BM9j3 , 158" : A$="FASTEST"
: G0SUB18 : CIRCLE ( 198 , 156) , 3 : LINE (
150,10) -(245,160) , PSET, B: DRAW" BM
198 , 156Cj3M-4p , -14J3" : LINE (0 ,187) -
(255,177), PSET , B : DRAW" BM2 , 18 5 " : A
$=" SELECT SPEED WITH ARROW KEYS
& <ENTER>" : G0SUB18
3 DRAW"C0BM18, 175":A$="HIT <S> T
0 CHANGE METRONOME SPEED" : G0SUB1
8
4 H=59:V=92: Y=600 : G$="R9NH2NG2R
5 DRAW "C0 BM=H ; , =V; "+G$ : DRAW"C0BM
2,33":A$=STR$(Y) :G0SUB18
6 I$=INKEY$:IF I$=""THEN 6
7 IF I$=CHR$(94)THEN DRAW"C1BM=H
; , =V ; " +G$ : V=V- 3 : Y=Y+2 5
8 IF I$=CHR$ (1J3)THEN DRAW"C1BM=H
; ,=V;"+G$:V=V+3 : Y=Y-25
9 IF I$=CHR$(13)THEN"15
10 IF V>158 THEN V=158
11 IF V<11 THEN V=ll
12 IF Y>1275 THEN Y=1275
13 IF Y<50 THEN Y=50
14 LINE (1,26) -(39 ,3 4) ,PSET,BF:GO
TO 5
15 DRAW"Cj3BM198, 156K-40 , -140 " : EX
EC4 3 3 4 5 : FORX= 1T0Y : NEXT : DRAW " C IBM
198, 156M-40, -140" : DRAW"Cj3BM198 ", 1
56M+4P , -140" : EXEC43345 : F0RX=1T0Y
:NEXT: DRAW"C1BM198 , 156M+40 , -140
16 I$=INKEY$:IF I$=""THEN 15
17 IF I$="S"THEN DRAW'CP" : CIRCLE
(198 , 156) , 3 : DRAW"BM198 , 156M-40, -
14J3" :GOT05ELSE16
18 F=LEN(A$) : F0RE=1T0F : G=ASC (MID
$(A$,E,1) ) :DRAWA$(G)+"BR3":NEXTE
: RETURN
19 DATABR2
DF4,^_,
U6NGD6R2 , BU5ER2 FDGL2GD2R4 , BU5ER2
FDGNLFDGL2NHBR3 , BR3U6G3R4BD3 , BUF
R2EU2HL3U2R4BD6 , BU3R3FDGL2HU4ER2
BD6BR, BU6R4DG3 D2BR3 , BRHUER2EUHL2
GDFR2FDGNL2BR, BRR2EU4HL2GDFR3BD3
, ,BR4BU6G3F3 , , E3H3BR4BD6
2 0 DATA , , , U5ER2 FD2NL4D3 , , BR4BU5H
L2GD4FR2EBD, RU6NLR2FD4GNL2BR,U6N
R4D3NR3D3R4
21 DATAU3NR3U3R4BD6 , BUU4ER3BD4NL
D2L3NHR3,U3NU3R4U3D6,R2U6NL2NR2D
6R2 , , U3NU3RNE3F3 , NU6R4 , U6F2DUE2D
6 , U6F4NU4D2 , BRHU4ER2FD4GNL2 BR , U6
R3FDGL3D3BR4 , , U6R3FDGL3RF3 , BUFR2
EUHL2HUER2 FBD5 , BU6R4L2D6BR2 , BUNU
5FR2ENU5BD,BU6D4F2E2U4BD6 ,NU6E2U
DF2NU6 , ,BU6DF2E2NUG2D3 ,
, , , , , , BR5BU2G2LHE3UHLG
, , , , BRHU4ERFD4GNLBR2 , R2
80
THE RAINBOW
June 1987
ound yjff
By Gip W. Plaster, II
One of the most interesting aspects of the Color Computer
is its ability to produce sounds. The following program
combines FDR-NEXT loops and short PLHY statements to
produce two minutes and 45 seconds of music and sound
effects on the CoCo.
The listing: SOUNDOFF
10 CLS
2j3 PRINT@128,STRING$(3 2,"*") ;
30 PRINT@288,STRING$(32,"* M ) ;
40 PRINT@ 19 4, 11 EXPLORERS — BY GIP
W. PLASTER";
50 FORX=1TO500:NEXTX
60 PRINT@421,"T H E Y ■ R E 0
F F";
70 F0RN=1T02
80 PLAY"01;T5;L16 ; DCDCDCDCDCDCDC
DCDCDCDCDCDCDCDCDCDC ; L8 ; DCDCDCDC
DCDCDCDCDC ; L4 ; DCDCDCDCDCDCDCDCDC
DC;L2 ;DCDCDC;L1;DCDCDC;T1;V15 ;D;
V10;C;V14 ;DC"
90 F0RM=1T02
100 F0RL=1T02
110 PRINT@4 20, "ORBITING
EARTH .
ii
120 PLAY"V15;01;T5;L8 ; CDEFGABAGF
EDCDEFGABGFE"
130 NEXTL
140 FORJ=2TO100STEP5
150 PRINT@420, "WHAT WAS THAT ?
• • /
160 FORI=255T01STEP-l
170 POKE140,I:EXEC43345:NEXTI
180 NEXTM
190 IFN=1THEN200ELSE220
200 PLAY "01 ;T1; LI; DC"
210 PRINT@416
2 20 NEXTN
230 F0RP=1T05
240 FORI=255TO200STEP-1
250 POKE140,I:EXEC43345:NEXTI
260 NEXTP
270 F0RI=255T01STEP-1
280 POKE140,I:EXEC43345:NEXTI
290 PRINT@420, "WE MADE IT !!!!
i I i i i i i n •
••••>•• /
300 PLAY "01 ;T1 ; CDEFGABABABABABBB
AB"
310 FORI=255T01STEP-l
320 POKE140,I:EXEC43345:NEXTI /R\
Hint
Arrow-Minded
Many requests have come my way for a keyboard
revision to my program, Discrimination (January
1987, Page 52). After changing/adding the following
lines to the program, you will be able to use the arrow
keys for movement instead of the joystick. Instead of
the firebutton, press the space bar.
2110 IFQ$="Q" THENRETURNE LSE POKE 1
78 , C : DRAW"BM=X ; , =Y ; R20D2 0L2 0U2 0 "
:IFQ$=CHR$(8)THENX=X-88/LD ELSEI
FQ$=CHR$(9)THENX=X+88/LD ELSEIFQ
$=»a "THENY=Y-22 ELSEIFQ$=CHR$ (10
) THENY=Y+2 2
2112 MX=(LD*2-1) *88/LD+5:IFX<5TH
ENX=5ELSEIFX>MX THENX=MX
2113 IFY<104-D THENY=104-D ELSEI
FY>170-D THENY=170-D
2115 P=(X-5+(Y+D-104) *8)/ (88/LD)
:P=INT(P+.5)
2120 IFQ$=" "THENZ=1ELSEIFZ THEN
Z=0 : RETURN
Bruce K. Bell, O.D.
Rockmart, GA
NEW 51 2K UPGRADE)
FOR COCO 3
Now available the LR Tech 512K upgrade
with all g old contacts and 120 nanosecond
256K chips. Useable as a RAM disk from
basic or as large system memory for OS 9
level 2!!! ^ ^ ^ _
$105.
INTRODUCTORY
PRICE...
$59.
WITHOUT 256K
CHIPS
WITH 256K CHIPS
YOU CAN USE THIS SYSTEM WITH
OUR SUPER BOARD (SEE NEXT MONTH) FO
A THREE USER SYSTEM UNDER OS 9.
WORKS WITH OUR HARD DRIVE.
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ORDER LINE
(800)
245-6228
See next page
for more specials.
M.C, & VISA
Accepted
OWL-WARE
P.O. Box 116-D
Mertztown. PA.
19539
PA. Res. Include 6%Tax
(215) 682- 6855
June 1987
THE RAINBOW
81
OWL-WARE
WINCHESTER BASIC
ANNOUNCING... the Development of a Major Breakthrough in
HARD DRIVE SYSTEMS for the COLOR COMPUTER!!!
Several months ago OWL-WARE Introduced the Finest OS9 Hard Drive System for the Color Computer.
Now we are about to Introduce the only RSDOS Interface System worthy of our computer, OWL-WARE
Winchester Basic. For the first time you have available a true Winchester System, although there are 10
directories made available to BASIC, the only limit to size of any file is the size of your drive. On a
10 meg drive you could have a 8 meg file on directory 5 and a 1 meg file on directory 8 and small files
everywhere. You turn the computer on and you can Immediately access your drive from BASIC or any language
using commands you already know. You do not have to know or use OS9 to use OWL-WARE WINCHESTER
BASIC, but if you do, all files saved from RSDOS are available to OS9. All files generated from OS9 can
be made available to RSDOS by copying to the WINCHESTER BASIC directories. There are no partitions to
wall you into, only one operating system, but nothing forces you to use an operating system you don't like.
Call for further details and availability on this breakthrough product!!!
WITH ^M. V
DRIVE ONLY...
BELOW
$50.
$75.
WITHOUT DRIVE
OS9 HARD DRIVES FOR CoCo 1, 2,3
WINCHESTER BASIC CoCo 1, 2 ONLY (CoCo 3 Version Pending)
NEW!!! CoCo 3 version of
Ma6ter Artist Now Available!
CREATE BEAUTIFUL PICTURES WITH
2 O
PHD ,
JOYiT XCK
h Convinttnt , on-urttn Mtnu
m Accept i input #roM x-PAD
touch-phD. nautf or
h n«gni # i c at ton nodt
h DriM Mitn cuitOPi ami nttjrui h*i
h CfiU #rtt-nind fattening
m "Paint" coNMand
h 10 color f at a tint
to Picturti mrm ready for u>t in
BASIC programs
m Lettering in mu M**
m Screen dbmp to Color Ink-Jet
or otntr lanagi printers
64K DISK
$29.95
OS-9 HARD DRIVE SYSTEMS
Disk Access is at Least... 8 Times Faster than Floppy Drives.
Control up to 2 Drives. EACH with Continuous Massive
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Software, Hard Drive, Controller and L.R. Tech Interface.
NOTE: OS-9 and RS DOS... "This may prove to be the perfect mating of
NEW PRICING!!! both systems." RAINBOW (May 86)
Interface &
Software Only $11 9.
Please note that an interface
Is not a controller.
A Xebec SASI controller
Is $139. additional,
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TURN OF THE SCREW
An Expandable Relay Project
By Tony DiStefano
Rainbow Contributing Editor
About two years ago, I wrote an article called "Lights,
Camera, CoCo!" [Dec. '84]. It describes how to
hook up as many as eight lights to the CoCo and
have thecomputer control the on and off of each light. Ever
since then, I have been getting letters about it. Some of the
letters ask how to add more lights to the system, and other
letters ask how to connect relays and other devices to the
circuit.
Well, this article will answer a whole lot of letters with
a project that is similar to "Lights, Camera, CoCo!," but
more expandable. The idea is to be able to put many relays
online to the computer and to be able to tell if the relay
is on or off.
The heart of the circuit is a TTL (Transistor-Transistor-
Logic) logic gate. I have talked about and used TTL logic
gates ever since 1 began writing articles, so they should not
be new to you. I have also used this particular chip many
times before. The chip is a 74LS138. Ah yes, the good oT
1 38. Itis a decoder — a three-input to eight-output decoder,
with three control lines. Remember binary counting? If we
have a three-bit number, it represents eight separate digits,
0 to 7. If we connect these three input bits to the lower three
address lines of the CPU, then the CPU can access eight
address locations.
Study the pinout of the 74LS138 in Figure J. Notice that
the three inputs are connected to three address lines of the
CPU. That determines the eight address locations to be
used. The CPU in the CoCo is an MC6809 and is capable
of accessing 64K locations of memory. We only want eight.
We can decode the other address lines to map only the eight
locations we need, or we can use the already-decoded
location in the computer.
This decoding is done in the SAM chip inside the CoCo.
The pin that does this decoding is labeled "SCS" and is an
active low output. That means the pin is normally high and,
when accessed, will go low. In this case, the pin will go low
when the CPU accesses memory locations SFF40 to SFF5F
Tony DiStefano is a well-known early specialist in computer
hardware projects. He lives in Laval Quest, Quebec.
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(65344 to 65375 in decimal). This represents a memory area
of 32 bytes. Jf you have a disk drive system, it is reserved
for I/O to the hardware of the drive. More on this later.
We use this pin to activate the 74LS138. Since we only need
eight of the 32 locations, the other locations will become
mirror images of these eight locations and should not be
used.
The next connection we make is the R/W line. This
output line comes from the CPU and tells the hardware
whether the CPU is reading or writing. In this case, the pin
is high to read and low to write. Since our circuit controls
relays, the CPU need only be able to write. The last line
on the input side of the 74LS 1 38 is connected to the E clock
of the CPU. The E clock is a signal generated by the CPU
to be used by hardware as a timing signal indicating when
the data is valid on a read or a write. The other eight pins
on this chip are outputs. Each of these output lines
represents one memory location and can control one device.
84 THE RAINBOW June 1987
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Having eight locations means that you can control eight
devices.
The 74LSI38 chip is used to decode eight memory
locations. Relax; we are getting closer to the relays. Now,
the data that goes around on the data bus is always
changing. The CPU is always busy. We need a component
that will hold the data we write to these locations and
remember it. This kind of part is called a latch. The one
I will use is a 74LS374. It is an eight-bit latch.
Examine the 74LS374 in Figure I. It has eight input bits
that are connected to the CPU data bus. It also has eight
output bits. These bits hold the value that is put into it when
the CPU writes to that location. The location is controlled
by the 74LS138. Each of these 374s has eight bits. Each of
these bits can control one device. For instance, a relay is
one device. However, the output of the 374 is not strong
enough to turn on a relay by itself. A driver is needed. A
one-stage transistor will do in most cases. In the diagram,
only one circuit is shown, but it is to be repeated for every
relay to be used.
Finally, we get to the relays! The relay you use depends
on your needs. If you use the relay for very small current
applications, then a relay such as the Radio Shack No. 275-
243 will do. It will switch 2 amps and works directly off of
5 volts. If you need a higher capacity relay you must figure
out the details by yourself.
The transistor used in this circuit can handle about 30
volts and can sink about 200 mA. Overdriving the transistor
may damage it due to overheating. One 374 can control
eight transistors and eight relays. If you need more than
eight relays you must use another 74LS374. This will allow
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Figure 2
The Rainbow Introductory Guide to
Statistics
Most people have been using statistics since they learned
to talk. Statistical results and concepts turn up everywhere.
A large part of our daily news consists of statistics. Results
of opinion polls, surveys, research studies, the Dow Jones
industrial average and, of course, our sports news are all
statistics. But statistics are often misused. The informed
person needs to understand the basic concepts in order to
judge the appropriateness of applications.
Rainbow Contributing Editor Dr. Michael Plog and co-
author Dr. Norman StenzeJ have written The Rainbow
Introductory Guide to Statistics just for beginners. It is an
easy-to-understand guide to this sometimes mysterious area
of mathematics. Their aim is to introduce readers to the
realm of statistical processes and thinking, and they believe-
that the Tandy Color Computer is an ideal machine for the
reduction of data.
Sharpen your skills with The Rainbow Introductory
Guide to Statistics for only $6.95. Included in the book is
the CoCo-Siai program, a BASIC statistics program just for
the Color Computer. Forget the typing hassle by ordering
the accompanying Statistics Tape or Disk for only $5.95.
Spend your time learning and enjoying the new material,
not debugging your typing. Just pop in the tape or disk and
you're ready for action!
Save when you buy The Rainbow Introductory Guide to
Statistics book together with the tape or disk. Get both for
only $11.95.
Please send me: The Rainbow Introductory Guide to Statistics Book $6.95*
The Rainbow Introductory Guide to Statistics Tape or Disk $5.95
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Mail to: The Rainbow Introductory Guide to Statistics. The Falsofl Building, P.O. Box
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To order by phone (credit card orders only), call (800) 847-0309, 8 a.m. to 5 p.m. EST.
For other inquiries, call (502) 228-4492.
*Add SI. 50 per book for shipping and handling in ihc U.S. Outside the U.S. add 54 per
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costs, wc do noi bill. Please allow 6-8 weeks for delivery.
Note; The tape and disk are not stand-alone products. If you buy either the tape or disk,
you still need to purchase the book for instructions.
86 THE RAINBOW June 1987
you to connect eight more relays and, for every 374 you add,
another eight relays can be controlled. When I tried this
circuit, I used three 74LS374s but only eight relays.
Theoretically, you can connect up to 64 relays with this
circuit, but I am sure you would run into power supply
problems. You will have to drive the relays with a separate
power supply.
So far, you can just write to the address locations that
control relays. The only way the software can find out which
relay is on is by keeping track of what value you stored in
that location. But, with a little more hardware, you can read
the memory locations and find out exactly which relay is
on and which relay is off. The only drawback to this is that
it limits the number of relays you can control to 32 instead
of the 64 write-only relays. The choice is yours to make.
Figure 2 shows how to make a relay system that allows
you to read the location as well as write to it. You will first
notice the changes to the 74LS 138. The A2 line is removed
and replaced with the read/write line. This divides the eight
output lines of the 1 38 to four read lines and four write lines.
The four write lines connect to our transistor and relay
system just like before. But now we have four read lines.
We will need a different chip in order to read the output
of the 374s. There are many chips you can use; I chose the
74LS244. It is an eight-bit buffer with tri-state. The inputs
of the chip are connected to the outputs of the 374s. This
way, the CPU can see right away, by accessing a read to
the particular location, which relay is on or off by seeing
which bit is high or low. The outputs of the 244s are
connected to the CPU data bus. When the chip is selected
(by a read), the data that is on the input appears to the CPU.
It is as simple as that.
Now for the software. As I said before, we are using the
SCS signal from the SAM chip. This signal-maps our relays
from SFF40 to SFF5F. If you are using the circuit in Figure
1, then the following structure is used:
Memory Location
SFF40
SFF41
SFF42
SFF43
SFF44
SFF45
SFF46
SFF47
Write Only to Relays
Relay 0 to 7
Relay 8 to 15
Relay 16 to 23
Relay 24 to 3 1
Relay 32 to 39
Relay 40 to 47
Relay 48 to 55
Relay 56 to 63
These relays are always least significant bit first. For
example, relays 0 and 8 are on Data Bit DO and relays 1
and 9 are on Data Bit Dl.
If you wired up the circuit in Figure 2, then it should look
like this:
Memory Location
SFF40
SFF41
SFF42
SFF43
Read/Write to Relays
Relay 0 to 7
Relay 8 to 15
Relay 16 to 23
Relay 24 to 32
The memory locations from SFF44 to SFF47 are the same
as locations from SFF40 to SFF43, respectively.
Reading the locations SFF40 to SFF47 in Figure I is
allowed, but the values you get will not be valid. To turn
onerelay on or off you must store(PDKE command in BASIC)
a value into one of the locations. What value you use
depends on where the relay is. If you want to turn on Relay
0, then you must store a value of 1 in that location. If, for
example, you also want Relay 3 on, you must add the value
of 8 to your previous value. Each bit value has a numeric
value. Remember the binary counting system; I told you it
would come up over and over again. I hope by now you
understand what binary is all about. Anyway, the vaJues
associcated with each'bit go like this:
Bit Number
DO
Dl
D2
D3
D4
D5
D6
D7
Decimal Value
1
2
4
8
16
32
64
128
Hex Value
1
2
4
8
10
20
40
80
The last thing I must talk about is the Multi-Pak
Interface. If you are using a Radio Shack Multi-Pak
Interface and a floppy disk controller, there is some
switching you must do first. The Multi-Pak has four slots.
Each of these slots has two memory-mapping pins. The first
is called the CTS pin. It is used to map up to 16K of memory
area. The software for the disk drives called DOS usually
resides there.
The second is the SCS pin we are using. The Multi-Pak
has the capability of switching these signals to one of the
four slots. It also has the capability of switching them
separately. I mentioned earlier the hardware that controls
the disk drives uses this pin. It uses the SCS in the slot the
controller is in. If you want to use the relay complex with
the Multi-Pak and a disk drive controller, you will have to
do some switching before you use the relays. After you are
finished, switch back to the original slot. Place the disk
controller in Slot 4 and the relay complex in Slot 1. When
you want to use the relay complex you must first do the
command POKE &HFF7F , &H30.
When you are finished and want to use the drive again,
you must do the command POKE &HFF7F,&H33.
Submitting Material
To Rainbow
Contributions to THE RAINBOW are welcome from
everyone. We like to run a variety of programs that
are useful/helpful/fun for other CoCo owners.
Program submissions must be on tape or disk and
it is best to make several saves, at least one of them
in ASCII format. We're sorry, but we do not have time
to key in programs. All programs should be supported
by some editorial commentary explaining how the
program works. Generally/ we're much more inter-
ested in how your submission works and runs than
how you developed it. Programs should be learning
experiences.
We do pay for submissions, based on a number of
criteria. Those wishing remuneration should so state
when making submissions.
For the benefit of those who wish more detailed
information on making submissions, please send a
self-addressed, stamped envelope (SASE) to: Submis-
sions Editor, THE RAINBOW, The Falsoft Building, P.O.
Box 385, Prospect, KY 40059. We will send you some
more comprehensive guidelines.
Please do not submit programs or articles currently
submitted to another publication.
June 1987
THE RAINBOW
87
****************** ★**★★*****★
BOARD
In conjunction with the rainbow's Scoreboard, we offer this column
of pointers for our ganq^-playing readers' benefit. If you have some
interesting hints, tips or responses to questions, or want help yourself,
Vwe encourage you to write to the Scoreboard, c/o the rainbow.
FEEDBACK
In response to letters from:
• Tom Rawlinson: In Vortex Factor, you
need to make a candle at London 1200.
With the string in your possession, type
MELT BIRD, MAKE CANDLE. Open the sar-
cophagus and type GIVE RING. After you
go through the secret passage, type LOOK
SARC.
• Steve Adler and Bobby Limoges: When
in the cell in Vortex Factor, type LOOK
SKELETON three times. Be sure you have
the hacksaw when you enter the cell; type
SAW WIND and GO WIND.
I cannot find all of the treasures. I am
told there is a ruby necklace and a dia-
mond, but I cannot find these.
• Eric Tabor: To open the safe in Vortex
Factor, you must turn the dial. The game
will ask you what the combination is.
• Mark Reiter: In Dallas Quest, look at
the parrot. He will help you.
• Scott Nagel: When you Ye in the dispen-
sary in Bedlam and you have the hook,
type GET RED KEY WITH HOOK. In the room
west of the Electro-Shock therapy room,
type GET GREEN KEY WITH HOOK.
• Gregg Thompson: In Dallas Quest, go
south when you get out of the tree. The
path is always north to south.
• Jason Mulig: Wave the ring to get past
the cannibals and to get into the cave in
Dallas Quest.
• Omri Goren: When in the pool in Sands
of Egypt, type HOOK SCEP. Then, type
PULL SCEP and UNHO SCEP. Be sure to get
the scepter; you will need it again.
• Phil Derkson: After returning the scep-
ter in Sands of Egypt, type GO CRAC. Don't
try to get the treasures. Get the ladder, type
GO ARCH. Then UNTIE ROPE, type LOOK and
let the boat drift until you see a hole in the
roof. Drop and climb the ladder.
• John Wood: In Sands of Egypt, the oil
is where the snake was killed.
• Serge Grenier: In Martian Crypt, you
must type PRY PLAQUE. Then type USE
STALACTITE.
• Jerry Honigman: In Black Sanctum, the
wood you need is from the boarded up
door.
• Edward Swatek: In Trekboer, you must
have the amulet in your possession to go
through the force field. To get the grate,
follow the same process you used to open
the white panel.
• Dean Muller and Joel DeYoung: In.
Calixto Island, you need to take the tire
pump with you when you go to the island.
• Andy Thornton: In Dallas Quest, type
GIVE EGGS. Then type GIVE MIRR.
In Hitchiker's Guide to the Galaxy, what
is the right phrase combination to keep
from getting killed by the flying brick?
Ray Knoch
Lawson, MO
• Larry Lockwood: You can't take the
scroll the wizard's image lays in Dungeons
of Daggorath. After the image is de-
stroyed, you are immediately sent to the
fourth level.
• Chris Ravenell: There are two ways to
get away from the blob in Dungeons of
Daggorath. The first is to run away and the
second is to climb up or down a ladder. To
destroy the blob, hold the sword in your
right hand and attack from the right. When
the blob is directly in front of you, press
ENTER, M and press ENTER again. This will
damage it and take you out of danger. Type
RR. When the blob is in front of you, repeat
the previous step. Blobs can be destroyed
by a single hit later in the game.
• Philip Manwarren: In Raaku-Tu, there
is only one way to kill the gargoyle. You
must get the candle and the lamp, then
enter the chamber with the gargoyle and
bring it to life. Light the candle with the
lamp and drop the candle. Exit the room
the same way you came in. Type WAIT 10
times to give the candle time to kill the
gargoyle. Go back into the gargoyle's
chamber and extinguish the candle. Now
you can enter the next room.
I am trapped in the tunnel under the
altar. I have crawled to the south wall, only
to be killed by the guards. Can I get out
without dying?
Tom Biggs
Hillsdale, NY
• Chris O'Neal: In Sands of Egypt, the
scepter is found after you ride the camel.
Type EXAMINE CARVING and then type
EXAMINE. You must then use the oil.
To get off the boat once you have typed
DROP LADDER, just type CLI MB LADDER and
ride the camel again for a surprise.
• Luis Torres: In Sands of Egypt, you
must get the canteen. The canteen can be
located by going east three times from the
snake. Next, go to the oasis. Type CLIMB
STEPS and then fill the canteen.
Karl Beyer
Marengo, JL
• Alex Abraham: Use graph paper to map
your steps through Wizard's Castle. Re-
member to use the command SWIM at the
river, and when you reach the cavern, do
what the HELP statement is answered with.
How do 1 get the gold bar in Gold
Runner 2's second level — the one at the
top under the blue bricks?
John Beck
\ Suitland, MD
• Barbara Williams: Before digging down
to collect the piece of gold in Gold Runner,
make sure you have all the gold. The ladder
will appear from the top of the screen down
through the rock so you can get to it.
In Pyramid, water the bean plant twice,
so it will reach the hole. How do you get
to the maze?
Justin Wyss
Warrington, PA
• Quinn Gran/or: In Chamber 8 in Down-
land, in order to get to the second vertical
rope from the horizontal rope, go all the
way up the first rope and hold the joystick
*****************************
•i
THE RAINBOW
June 1987
******** ★★*★***★***★★★★**★★**
small receptacle on the vector plotter. Then
put the long dangly bit in the tea substitute
and flip the switch.
Steven Smashnuk
Dawson Creek, British Columbia
No Shoes Like Snowshoes
Scoreboard:
In Omniverse, I found the flute and gave
it to the eskimo, and he gave me a vial of
magic dust. What is the dust used for? I
cannot climb the cliffs or get out of the pits
because I have no snowshoes. Where do
you get the snowshoes?
In Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy, I
can't get the plotter. I typed the first word
of the second verse of the poetry but
nothing happens.
Dale Kaczmarek
Oaklawn, 1L
Giddyup Camel, I Want
To RIDE
Scoreboard:
In Sands of Egypt, I can't go anywhere
besides the pool and the cliff. Is there a way
to ride the camel that is at the pool, can
you drain the pool, and by what com-
mand? What is the snake oil used for?
Neil Abdollahian
Akron, OH
Desert Necessities
Scoreboard:
I n Sands of Egypt, 1 have the canteen,
the torch, the shovel and ihe magnifier.
What else do 1 need to get to the pyramid?
Mike Duval I
Zanesville, OH
Deperately Seeking Scepter
to the right. You will slide down onto the
rope. When you reaGh the other side you
should have no problem.
In Chamber 9, be careful on the third
vertical rope at the top. A drop will cause
you to fall off the rope.
Duane Whit lock
North East, MD
• Rodrigo Maldonado: When you kill the
snake go east twice in Sands of Egypt, then
get the container. You need the oil to get
the scepter.
• David Boyd: In Sands of Egypt, go to
the hole in the roof and go up.
• Jeff Haase: All you need is a magnifying
glass, shovel, canteen, snake oil, torch,
dates and rope in Sands of Egypt.
• David Hunt: When in the mine in
Dragon Blade, all you need is the sword.
When at the sword room go up.
I need to know how to solve The Inter-
bank Incident — I solved it once, but
forget how I did it.
Don Grey
Austell, GA
Something Fishy
Scoreboard:
Here are some hints on Hitchhiker's
Guide to the Galaxy: To get the babel fish,
put the gown on the hook, get the towel
(from Ford), put the towel on the drain, get
the satchel, cover the panel with the
satchel, put the junk mail on the satchel
and press the dispenser button,
How do you steal the Heart of Gold? I've
gotten the guards to drop their rifles, but
I cannot get to the ship without being shot.
What do you say to Prosser to make him
lie in front of the bulldozer?
Chuck Poynter, Jr.
Hector, AR
The French Connection
Scoreboard:
In Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy, on
Damogran, steer toward France. There is
fluff and the key to the toolbox. On the
dais, tell the guards to drop their rifles.
Marc Prudhommeaux
Winter Harbor, ME
Time Travel
Scoreboard:
I can't get past the screening door in
Hitchhikers Guide to the Galaxy, but I
figured out how to travel in time. To build
the time machine, connect the small plug
on the spare improbability drive to the
Block Talk
Scoreboard:
I would like to know how to remove the
block in Pyramid.
Chris Norman
Liberty, PA
Can't Be Beat
Scoreboard:
In Knock Out, I can't beat the Knock
Out Kid. In Sands of Egypt, I can't get into
the Pyramid. In Raaku-Tu, how do you get
past the gargoyle and over the rug to the
door on the other side?
Derek Myall
Charlotte, Ml
Gargoyle Repelent
Scoreboard:
How do I get past the gargoyle in
Raaku-Tui I tried hitting it with every-
thing I could find, but nothing works.
If the candle is lit, the gargoyle will not
attack. The only problem is that after three
entries, the burning candle will cause you
to pass out, ending the game.
Mike Mumper, Jr.
Loysville, PA
Frond or Foe?
Scoreboard:
In Sands of Egypt, where is the canteen?
How do I get back from the pyramid to the
pool? After you drain the pool, what will
happen? Are the palm fronds useful?
George Lane
Chicago, 1L
Scoreboard:
I cannot get the scepter in Sands of
Egypt. Also on Naurius, where is the
wizard's stick and how do you cross the
pit?
Duckie
Vallejo, CA
Cannibal Clue
Scoreboard:
In Sands of Egypt, to drink the water,
fill the canteen and drink. To ride the
camel, feed the camel the dates and mount
and ride the camel. Then, dismount and
examine the carving.
To get out of the jungle in Dallas Quest,
go south. To get past the cannibals lype
WAVE RING. To find the eggs, take the road
to the vulture at the crossroads.
Philip Manwarren
Harrington, ME
To respond to other readers' inquiries
and requests for assistance, reply to
"Scoreboard Pointers," c/o THE RAIN-
BOW, P.O. Box 385, Prospect, K Y 40059.
We will immediately forward your letter to
the original respondent and, just as impor-
tantly, we'll share your reply with all
"Scoreboard" readers in an upcoming
issue.
For greater convenience, "Scoreboard
Pointers" and requests for assistance may
also be sent to us through the MAIL
section of our Delphi CoCo S1G. From the
CoCo SIG> prompt, pick MAIL, then
type SEND and address to: EDITORS. Be
sure to include your complete name and
address.
— Jody Doyle
★★★★★ ************************
June 1987 THE RAINBOW 89
DOCTOR ASCII
The Inadvertent
Inverse Video
By Richard E. Esposito
Rainbow Contributing Editor
with Richard W. Libra
When using Stylograph Version
3. 1.2 on my CoCo 3 with OS-9 Level
II, pressing the CTRL-BREAK keys to
change back to command mode
switches the screen display to inverse
video. Is there a fix?
Marta Roman
St. Petersburg, FL
1/ Using Debug on your Level 1
system, change, at offset SI09F,
the value from SAO to $A1, then save
and verify LL If you want to change any
parameters, e.g., maximum number of
parameters, default memory size, etc.,
run styfix because this version of
styf ix (designed for Level I) will not
work with Level II. Great Plains Soft-
ware promises a true CoCo 3 version of
Stylo, possibly by the time you see this
in print.
CoCo 3 3 1 /2-inch Drives
What is your opinion on using 3 l h-
Iinch drives on a CoCo 3 with OS-9
level II?
Susan Emery
Glen Ellen, IL
1^ While the 80-track, double-sided
/L drives in either size (3/2-inch or
5yi-inch) are electrically equivalent and
hold the same amount of data, OS-9
Level II was obviously designed to be
used with the 80-track, 5!/4-inch drives
such as the TEAC 55F. This new release
automatically "double steps" 40- or 35-
Richard Esposito is a senior project
engineer with Northrop Corp. He holds
bachelor's, master's and doctorate
degrees from Polytechnic Institute of
Brooklyn. He has been writing about
microcomputers since 1980.
Richard Libra is a simulator test
operator for Singer Link Simulation
Systems Division.
s
i i
track disks with these drives, giving you
the ability to read 40- or 35-track disks
without the need to insert them in one
of those lower-capacity drives. If you
have a 40-track DSDD drive as /d2 and
80 trackers in / dO and /d 1, you can copy
files from any 5 ! /i-inch OS-9 disk (re-
gardless of format) to the 40- or 35-
track disk in /d2. With a 3'/2-inch drive,
you lose this flexibility and you pay
more for the "privilege" (both drives
and disks cost more in the 3/2-inch
variety).
You can make an 80-track, bootable
Drive 0 even though Tandy omitted the
80-track descriptor for /dd and /dO.
Although there are more elegant ways
to do this, here's one way (assuming two
80-track drives in 0 and !, 35/40 track
in 2). Copy your Radio Shack OS-9
Level 11 system disk to Drive 0 from
Drive 2 using BASIC'S D5KINI0 and
BRCKUP2TD0 commands giving you a
pseudo 80-track system disk. Drop
power, then boot up by typing DOS with
the pseudo 80-track system disk in
Drive 0. After typing the date, type the
following:
MIDPRTCH -S
L D0
C 16 1 3
C IB 23 50
C 19 1 2
V
L 00
C 16 1 3
C IB 23 50
C 19 1 2
V
L Dl
C 16 1 3
C IB 23 50
C 19 1 2
V
Press CTRL-BREAK.
Now put the original 35-track system
disk in Drive 0 and type the following:
chx /d0/cmds
forma t /dl
cobbler /dl
makdi r /dl/cmds
copy /d0/startup /dl/startup
copy /d0/cmds/shel 1 /dl/cmds/
shell
copy /d0/cmds/da te /dl/cmds/
da te
copy /d0/cmds/se t i me /dl/
cmds/set ime
copy /d0/cmds/l ink /dl/cmds/
link
You now have an 80-track, double-
sided, quad-density bootable system
disk in Drive I. Test it and, upon
verification that it does boot, discard
the pseudo 80-track disk. Once you
boot with the new system disk, you can
read 35-, 40-, or 80-track, single- or
double-sided disks with your 80-track
drives.
90 THE RAINBOW June 1987
Note I: By adding a few commands to the Modpatch
procedure above, you could also change the step rate of your
drives from 30 ms to a faster 20 ms, 12 ms or 6 ms by changing
the value at offset 14 to 1, 2 or 3, respectively
Note 2: if you have K. Darling's dmode from Delphi or
a Level II version of save, this procedure can be greatly
simplified. You could add the missing descriptors to the
MODULES directory and build the system directly with
conf ig.
An Old Disk Controller
The Disk BASIC 1.0 Radio Shack Disk Controller worked
fine on my gray 16 K ECB CoCo 2 BASIC 1.0. I recently
\bought a white 64 K CoCo 2 BASIC LI, but my disk system
refuses to operate properly with it; / always get an // O Error.
When /examine the disk status byte (DCSTA), it seems that
the malfunction occurs because the drive is not ready. Could
you give me any medicine to make it work again?
Wim Vandekerckhove
GeWiMa CoCo Club
Belgium
O The disk controller shipped with the original CoCo
/C drives (the TEC unit in a gray case) required a 12-volt
power supply from the CoCo to operate. Neither the CoCo
2 or 3 have this source available on their cartridge connector.
While there are ways to modify them to operate with the old
controller (e.g., adding 12 volts to the connector by kludging
the existing power supply or running a 12-volt line from the
disk controller's power supply), the simplest method is to use
a Multi-Pak Interface, which (besides allowing system
expansion) provides the needed 12 volts.
Telewriter 64 and a RAM Disk
Can I use a RAM disk on a CoCo 3 with Telewriter 64?
Joe Mulholland
Houston, TX
X? Jesse W. Jackson of J&R electronics offers the
jL following to allow you to do it with his JRAMRDSK
software. The UNDD3„BRS may also allow you to use some
of your CoCo 2 software that otherwise would not run on
the 3. On a backup of your TW64 disk, add UND03 . BflS;
replace 5 .XXX with the one you see here; add JRAMRDSK. BIN
(sold by J&R). To use TW64 type, RUN "UND03"; RUN"U".
1)3 WIDTH32
2j3 'UNDO/BAS VI. ft
3j3 'THIS PROGRAM WILL UNDO THE B
ASIC ENHANCEMENTS 11
4j3 ' IN A COC3 TO MAKE IT COMPAT
IBLE WITH COCOl/2."
5j3 CLEAR 2j3j3,&H7DFF
6j3 CLS
7j3 PRINT" " STRING $ (30, "*")
8j3 PRINT" * UND03/BAS
9j3 PRINT" *
Model 101
Interface $39.95
• Serial to parallel interface
• Works with any COCO
• Compatible with "Centron-
ics'* parallel input printers
• 6 switch selectable baud
rates 300-600-1 200-2400-
4800-9600
• Small size 4" x 2" x 1"
• Comes complete with
cables to connect to your
computer and printer
Other Quality
Items
High quality 5 screw shell C-
10 cassette tapes. 57.50/
dozen
Hard plasticstorageboxesfor
cassette tapes. $2.50/dozen
Pin-Feed Cassette Labels
White S3.00/100
Colors S3.60/100 (specify
red, blue, yellow, tan)
Model 104 Deluxe
Interface $51.95
Same features as 101 plus
• Built in serial port for your
modem or other serial device
• Switch between parallel
output and serial output
• Size is 4.5" x 2.5" x 1.25"
• Comes complete with
cables to connect to your
computer and printer
NEW! Cables for
your COCO
• U.L. listed foil-shielded cable
• 2 Types: male/female exten-
sion cables (used between
a serial device and existing
cable) male/male cables
(used between two serial
devices such as a modem
and one of our switchers).
• 3 M./S3.95. 6 ft./$4.49,
10 ft./$5.59 Specify M/M
or M/F and length.
Model 102
Switcher $35.95
• Connect to your COCO
serial port and have 3 switch
selectable serial ports
• Color coded indicator lights
show switch position
• Lights also serve as a
power on indicator for your
COCO
• Heavy guage blue anodized
aluminum cabinet with non-
slip rubber leet
The 101 and 104 require
power to operate Most print-
ers can supply power to your
interface (Star, Radio Shack
and Okidata are just a few that
do - Epson and Seikosha do
not). The interfaces can also
be powered by an AC adap-
tor; Radio Shack model 273-
1431 plugs into all models. If
you require a power supply,
add a "P" to the model numbe r
and add $5.00 to the price
(Model 101 P $44.95, Model
104P $56.95).
Model 105
Switcher $14.95
i
mm
• Connects to your COCO
to giveyou 2 switch select-
able serial ports
• 3 loot cable to connect to
your COCO's serial port
• The perfect item to use to
connect a printer and a
modem to your COCO
• Small in size, only 4.5x2 5
x 1.25
The Model 101, 102, 104 and
1 05 work with any COCO, any
level basic and any memory
size. These products are co-
vered by a 1 year warranty.
The Model 1 01 and 1 04 work
with any standard parallel
inputprinter including Gemini,
Epson, Radio Shack,
Okidata, C. loth, Seikosha.
Panasonic and many others
They support BASIC print
commands, word processors
and graphic commands.
We manufacture these
products - dealer inquiries
are invited.
Cassette Label
Program $6.95
• New Version - tape trans-
ferable to disk - save and
load labels from tape to disk
• Prints 5 lines of information
on pin-feed cassette labels
• Menu driven, easy to use
• Standard, expanded and
condensed characters
• Each line of text auto-
matically centered
• Label display on CRT, en-
abling editing before printing
• Program comes on tape
and is supplied with 24
labels to get you started
• 16 K ECB required
Ordering
Information
Free shipping in the United
States (except Alaska and
Hawaii) on all orders over
$50.00. Please add$2.50 for
shipping and handling on or-
ders under S50.00.
Ohio residents add 5.5%
sales tax.
Call (513) 677-0796 and use
your VISA or MASTERCARD
or request C.O.D (Please
add $2.00 for C.O.D. orders).
If you prefer, send check or
money order; payable in U.S.
Funds to:
Metric Industries
P.O. Box 42396
Cincinnati, Ohio
45242
June 1987 THE RAINBOW 91
100
PRINT
*»»
110
PRINT
* it
120
PRINT
*"
130
PRINT
*»•
14(3
PRINT
ED
*ii
15j3
PRINT
16j3
PRINT
EMORY . 11 ;
J & R ELECTRONI
(C) 1987
BY J.W.JACKSON
ALL RIGHTS RESERV
17j3 FOR I=&H7Ej30 TO &H7E24
1Q0 READ X$
190 PRINT 11 . 11 ;
200 POKE I , VAL( "&H"+X$ )
210 NEXT I
22j3 PRINT: INPUT "PRESS A KEY TO
EXEC PROGRAM" ;ZZ$
230 EXEC &H7E0j3
240 DATA 1A , 5j3 , 8E , 80 , 00 , 8 6 , 84 , B7
250 DATA FF, 9j3 , B7 , FF , DE , EC, 84 , B7
260 DATA FF, DF , ED, 8 1 , 8C , FE , 00 , 2 6
270 DATA Fl,86,j3F,B7,Aj3,55,0F,71
28,0 DATA ^)F,72,7E,Aj3,27,FF,FF,FF
10
20
30
40
50
60
S.XXX V3.0 ****************
REPLACES TELEWRITER- 6 4 2.0
FILE NAMED S.XXX FOR USING
RAM DISK WITH TELEWRITER.
***************************
CLEAR 7j3j3,&H6FEF
7j3 REM MENU
8j3 CLS
90 PRINT: PRINT MENU SELECTIONS
Ij3j3 PRINT 11 <R> = LOAD RAM DISK P
ROGRAM "
llj3 " <B> = BINARY DISK I/O
ii
12j3
13j3
PRINT" <A> = ASCII DISK I/O
ii
PRINT: PRINT 11 PRESS A KEY
ii
14j3 MS$=INKEY$:IF MS$ = ,IM THEN 14
j3 ELSE PRINT MS$
15j3 IF MS $ = M B M THEN 19j3
160 IF MS$ = "A M THEN 2j3j3 1 ASCII
I/j3
17 j3 IF MS $ = M R M THEN GOSUB 21j3' R
AM DISK
18j3 GOT08j3 1 ********************
19j3 LOAD M S/BIN lf ,R
2j3j3 LOAD M S/ASC M ,R
21j3 LOADM 11 JRAMRDSK"
22j3 POKE &H6FF3,&H9 8:POKE &H6FF4
, &H^J^J 1 PDEST TO &H98j3j3
23j3 POKE &H6FF7 , &HFF : POKE &H6FF8
, &HFF 1 DISABLE RESET PROTECT
24j3 EXEC: RETURN
25j3 END 1 S.XXX ****************
Artifact Color Distortion
I have an old gray CoCo /, Color BASIC LI, Extended
.BASIC 1.0, upgraded to 64K and an NC board. Everything
heems to work fine, except when a program with artifact
colors is run, some of the colors come out wrong. For
example, one program with flags shows an American flag
with green stripes instead of red. Some other colors are off
too. Is there a fix for this problem, or is it something I just
have to live with?
Merlin Hansen
Nam pa, ID
T3 There are two common causes of the problem you
/C mention. Ed Ellers suggests that the master clock
trimmer capacitor may be misadjusted. I'm not sure how it's
labeled in the NC board you have, but it should be somewhere
near the SAM chip. First, adjust your TV set for proper color
on a broadcast TV signal (if you can get a color bar test
pattern, adjust the tint control so that the third bar from the
left is light blue and the fifth bar looks purplish — not
reddish), then hook up the CoCo and adjust the trimmer to
obtain the proper colors.
In some TV sets, it is possible for the "chroma demodu-
lator" stages to become misaligned, causing incorrect colors
on the screen. If you can't get red and blue at the same time
at any setting of the tint control, you may need to have the
TV checked out by a technician.
One other thing to check is the automatic tint control
switch (labeled AUTO/AFT, A/T, ACM, Color Sentry or
one of many other names). This should be switched off for
proper color rendition when using the CoCo.
CoCo Joystick for an Apple
i) My friend and I have different computers (I have a CoCo
j and he has an Apple lie) and I would like to know if there
I is a way for us to make a joystick adapter for the Apple.
The adapter would fit on a Radio Shack joystick and plug
into the Apple. Can this be done? Providing that it 's possible,
where can I get schematics of the joystick connections for
both computers?
Dan Miller
Oregon, OH
X? It should be possible to make the CoCo-to-Apple
adapter; all you need is a 6-pin DIN jack and a 9-pin
D plug to fit the Apple Ile/IIc paddle connector. You will
need to get the Apple pin connections from the Apple lie
manual, but here are the CoCo jack connections:
1- X Potentiometer
2- Y Potentiometer
3- Ground
4- Firebutton J
5- +5 Volts
6- Firebutton 2
The CoCo joystick may not operate as well on the Apple
as it does on the CoCo or the Tandy 1000, but it should be
usable. Note that if your joystick has only one button, it will
act as Firebutton 1 and Button 2 may not be available. You
may be able to use the "solid-Apple" key to the right of the
space bar as a substitute.
92 THE RAINBOW June 1987
CoCo Commodore Compatibility
1 own a TRS-80, 16 K Extended BASIC Color Computer.
I have found this computer to be very incompatible with
other computer accessories. My friend recently purchased
a Commodore 128 that is a very nice setup. There is a lot
of software that I would like to transfer over to my TRS-
80, but can't. Every time I try to load one of the cassette
programs into my computer, I get an I/O error. There must
be some way to run programs back and forth. Can you tell
me how to get the Commodore tapes to load on my TRS-
80? Also, is there a reverse program for loading TRS-80
programs into the Commodore?
Kate Myers
Peterborough, NH
W The Commodore is the incompatible machine. The
/L CoCo uses all standard accessories. It has a standard
RS-232 serial printer port, and it uses the same standard disk
drives as the IBM PC. Software-wise, the two machines are
totally incompatible. The CoCo uses the powerful MC6809
microprocessor while the Commodore uses the slow and
impotent 6502. Worse yet. Commodore uses an archaic and
slow (backing up a single-sided disk can take 20 minutes)
serial interface to their disk drives, and this single interface
is shared by other devices, so if you are printing a file from
a disk, for example, the disk and printer both send /receive
data even slower.
Tell Me About Upgrades
I have an older 16 K Extended BASIC Color Computer 2.
The board number is 20261043. I want to upgrade to 64 K.
have read your column, and you touch on upgrading.
3-D GRAPHICS ANIMATION
MORE FEATURES ATA LOWER PRICE!
• Rotate, Move, Zoom, and Animate Mutiple Objects
Simultaneously.
• Comes with Data to Create Your Own 3-D Animation
with a Spaceship, Car, Pyramid, Cube and Sphere.
Includes Animation Examples with these Objects.
• Includes Editor to Create and Edit Data for 3-D Graphics
Animation of Any Objects, including: Cars, Boats,
Airplanes, Etc.,
• Now Supports Elimination of Hidden Lines.
• Print 3-D Graphics Images on Radio Shack® Dot
Ma trix Printers.
' Easy to Use • Requires 64K • COCO 2 or COCO 3 • Disk Only
• Reg. $32.95 Now $24.95 + $3 Ship ping I Handling
• Only $5 + $2 Shipping/Handling for 3-D Demo-Disk
with Animation Examples using a Spaceship, Car,
Pyramid, Cube, and Sphere. The $5 Applies Toward a
Later Purchase of the Entire Program.
Visa and Mastercard Accepted
RAJNftOWj
2346 W. Estrella Drive Chandler, AZ 85224 (602)821-2465
Radio Shack is a registered trademark of Tandy Corporation
Logicware
I have eight 4164 64 K dynamic RAMs, 150 nanoseconds. I
need lo know everything about upgrading my machine. I
don 7 have a disk drive.
Terry Cooper
Fostoria, OH
O Assuming you have the original CoCo 2 (made in USA,
/C small white case), remove the eight 4116 16K-by~l
memory chips from sockets U14 to U21, then solder a wire
connecting the two solder pads to the right of W 1 , then install
your eight new 4164 64K-by-l memory chips oriented
properly in their sockets. If you have the first generation
Korean CoCo 2, remove the eight 21 18 16K-by- 1 memory
chips (they are located in two places: a group of three and
a group of five). Solder a wire connecting the two pads in
the box marked 64K, then install the eight new 4164 64K-
by-1 memory chips oriented properly in their sockets.
Note: If you have no previous printed circuit board
soldering experience, leave these upgrades to the pros!
For a quicker response, your questions may also be
submitted through rainbow's CoCo SIG on Delphi.
From the CoCo SIG> prompt, pick Rainbow Magazine
Services, then, at the RAINBOW> prompt, type ASK
for "Ask the Experts" to arrive at the EXPERTS>
prompt, where you can select the "Doctor ASCII"
online form which has complete instructions.
EACH PROGRAM COMES WITH
** 10 FREE DISKS **
CHECKBOOK III - $19.98 COCO 3 ONLY
Keep track of checks & expenses. Print out check & expense records.
VCR DATABASE & MINI TITLE SCREEN MAKER - $20.98
Catalog your VCR tapes. Create VCR title screens. Print out records.
S.B. INVENTORY III - $24.98 COCO 3 ONLY
Small business inventory control at a small business price.
COUPON FILER - $19.98 COCO 1 & 2 ONLY
For the smart shopper. Keep track of coupons. Print shopping lists.
S.T.A.G. - A GRADEB00K - $35.00
Full year. Statistical analysis, weighting & more. Up to 50 students.
EXAMS III - $24.98 COCO III ONLY
Create multiple choice, true-false, or short answer tests.
FRACTION REVIEW - $24.98 GRADES 5-8
Challenging Hi-Res game for addition & subtraction of fractions.
WORD GAMES - $24.98 GRADES 2-ADULT
4 Hi-Res spelling games. Includes 6 word lists. Add more lists.
If your store does not have SECA software then order direct. Add $3 S/H.
COD $2 extra. MS Res. add 6% sales tax. We are also carrying software by
other publishers. See their great products in our free catalog. Dealers invited.
New software publishers advertise in the SECA catalog. You won't believe
the rate. Also exciting opportunity for new programmers to market your pro-
grams. Write for details.
EST.
1982
SECA - P.O. BOX 3134
GULFP0RT, MS 39505
(601) 832-8236
RAINBOW
CtHTIflCAriOW
SEAL
June 1987 THE RAINBOW 93
Transposition refinements for Music +
The Sweet Strains of CoCo
By Joseph D. Piatt
This is a refinement for the Music +
program by Bob Ludlum from the
June 1984 and June 1986 rainbow.
Transpose allows you to transpose
music in memory. The range of each
transposition is unison minus six steps
to unison plus five steps. For example,
if the original note was C4, the L6
command would lower the note six
steps to F#3. Likewise, the R5 com-
mand would raise C4 (middle C) to F4,
five steps above C4.
To add the transpose feature to a
cassette-based system, you need to add
Line 28, Line 1 2 1 and lines 9600 to 9840.
Line 9030 must be revised to display the
(X)pose message in the alternate menu.
Refer to Listing 1 for the new lines and
the revised Line 9030.
The disk version requires that you
delete lines 6099 to 6180, the data for
"Toy For Two Lutes," and lines 45, 54
and 55 from the setup portion of the
program. This must be done to prevent
an out-of-memory condition from oc-
curring when the transpose code is
added.
The transpose routine is called from
the alternate menu. The alternate menu
is accessed by pressing the @ key. The
alternate menu indicates that pressing
Joe Piatt lives in Quinton, Alabama,
and is the children's pastor and bus
director at Hopewell Baptist Church.
He holds a first class FCC license and
has worked with his CoCo for four
years.
the X key will invoke the (X)pose
function. Lines 9600 to 9645 print the
instructions to the screen and process
the inputs required to carry out the
selected function.
Lines 9700 to 9740 perf orm the Raise
function. All notes are stored in mem-
ory as even integers as in CoCo Com-
posing by Larry Konecky in the De-
cember 1983 RAINBOW. The Music +
program converts the note name to the
equivalent number, C4 to 50, for exam-
ple. The value for C3 (26) is 24 less than
C4 (50). The octave spread of 24 is a
result of the 12 steps between notes of
the same name (not counting the start-
ing note) multiplied by two.
Line 9620 selects 9625 if the R key is
pressed. Line 9625 asks the user to enter
a number from 1 to 5 to indicate how
many steps to raise the music. Line 9630
verifies that the input is within the
specified range and then sets the vari-
able XR to equal two times the value
input. XR will always be an even number
from 2 to 12 for Lower or 2 to 10 for
Raise.
Line 9700 establishes a loop to read
the music memory. The STEP 5 option
in the loop ensures that the loop vari-
able QL always points to the memory
address that contains the note length
data. If that data is 0, then the music has
ended. Line 9705 tests for this condi-
tion. If it is true, PEEK ( QL) =0, then
Transpose is terminated and the music
entry menu is displayed. If PEEK(QL)
<>0, lines 9710 through 9725 are called
to read each note in the chord and add
XR, the transpose offset, to its value. The
exception to this is that if the value of
Qrc=PEEI<(QL+>?)+XR exceeds 96, then
24 is subtracted from Qn to lower the
note an octave. At this time, the new
note, Qtt+XR, is poked into location
( QL+n) . Line 9730 controls the loop,
and Line 9740 directs the program to go
to the music entry menu setup in Line
60.
Lines 9800 through 9840 accomplish
the same thing except that in the Lower
routine, if Qn+XR is less than 8, then 24
is added to Qn to raise the note an
octave, then XR is added. The result is
poked into address [QL+n). In these
examples, the letter n represents an
integer from 1 to 4. A 1 added to QL
causes the value of the soprano note to
be read. Likewise QL+2 points to the
alto, QL+3 points to the tenor and QL+4
points to the bass note.
In each of the note processing lines,
9710 to 9725 and 9810 to 9825, if
PEEK (QL+N )=0 (meaning the note is
silent or a rest), then no change is made,
and the next note line is called. I had
some strange sounding chords before I
added the 4 0' test.
The transpose routine can be called
repeatedly to raise or lower the music
to the desired key. A word of caution —
too many transposes in the same direc-
tion will result in a chord with some of
its notes an octave off from the original
relationship.
(You may direct questions about this
modification to Mr. Piatt at Route 1,
Box 25 30, Quinton, AL35130, 205-436-
3362. Please enclose an SASE for a
reply when writing.) □
94
THE RAINBOW June 1987
Editor's Note: For your convenience,
the complete updated version of this
program will be included on both RAIN-
BOW ON TAPE and RAINBOW ON DISK.
Three music files, OLD100TH, HDWGREflT
and JE5U JOY will also be included and
will immediately follow MU5IC+TR.
(R)
LOWER, OR
TO
(Q)
RA
TO
THEN
The listing: MUSIC+TR
28 IF PEEK(&H4E84)=22 AND PEEK(&
H4E85)=j3 AND PEEK ( &H4E8 6 ) =13 6 AN
D PEEK(&H4E87) =134 THEN 6j3
121 IF LV=88 THEN 9 6j3j3 'TRANSPOS
E
96j3j3 CLS:PRINT@32, "** COCO
TRANSPOSER **"
96) 35 PRINT -.PRINT" YOU MAY RAISE 0
R LOWER THE PITCH OF THE CO
MPOSITION IN MEMORY BY CHANG
ING THE KEY IN WHICH IT IS TO
BE PLAYED"
9615 PRINT@256, "PRESS
ISE, (L) TO
QUIT"
962) 3 XP$=INKEY$ : IF XP$ = "R"
9625 ELSE IF XP$ = "L" THEN 964)3 E
LSE IF XP$="Q"THEN 6)3 ELSE 962)3
9625 PRINT@462 , XP$ : PRINT@ 3 8 4 , "RA
ISE PITCH ENTER ( 1-5 ) "
963) 3 XX$ = INKEY$ :XP=VAL(XX$) : IF X
P<1 OR XP>5 THEN 9 62 5 ELSE XR=XP
*2:PRINT@4 63,XP;" +";XR;:GOTO 97
ft ft
9 64)3 PRINT@462,XP$:PRINT@384, »LO
WER PITCH ENTER ( 1-6 )"
9645 XX$=INKEY$ :XP=VAL(XX$) : IF X
P<1 OR XP>6 THEN 9 64)3 ELSE XR=XP
*-2 :PRINT@4 63 ,XP; " " ;XR; :GOT09 8
W
97pS3 FORQL=A5 TO 32)3)33 STEP 5
97) 35 IF PEEK(QL)=)3 THEN 6)3
971) 3 Q1=PEEK (QL+1) : IF Ql=)3 THEN9
715 ELSE IF Q1+XR>96 THEN Q1=Q1-
24+XR:POKE QL+1,Q1 ELSE Q1=Q1+XR
:POKE QL+1,Q1
9715 Q2=PEEK(QL+2) :IF Q2=)3 THEN
972) 3 ELSE IF Q2+XR>96 THEN Q2=Q2
-24+XR-.POKEQL+2 ,Q2:ELSE Q2=Q2+XR
:POKEQL+2 ,Q2
972)3 Q3=PEEK(QL+3) : IF Q3=)3 THEN
9725 ELSE IF Q3+XR>96 THEN Q3=Q3
-24+XR.POKEQL+3 , Q3 : ELSE Q3=Q3+XR
:POKEQL+3,Q3
9725 Q4=PEEK(QL+4) :IF Q4=)3 THEN
973)3 ELSE IF Q4 + XR>96 THEN Q4=Q
4-24+XR: POKEQL+4 , Q4 : ELSE Q4=Q4+X
R:POKEQL+4,Q4
973) 3 NEXTQL
974) 3 GOTO 6)3
98)3)3 FORQL=A5 TO 32)3)33 STEP 5
98)35 IF PEEK(QL)=)3 THEN 6)3
981) 3 Q1=PEEK (QL+1) : IF Ql=)3 THEN
9815 ELSE IF Q1+XR<8 THEN Q1=Q1+
24+XR.POKE QL+1,Q1 ELSE Q1=Q1+XR
:POKE QL+1,Q1
9815 Q2=PEEK (QL+2) : IF Q2=)3 THEN
982) 3 ELSE IF Q2+XR<8 THEN Q2=Q2
+24+XR.POKE QL+2, Q2: ELSE Q2=Q2+X
R-.POKE QL+2,Q2
982) 3 Q3 = PEEK (QL+3 ) : IF Q3=)3 THEN
9825 ELSE IF Q3+XR<8 THEN Q3=Q3+
24+XR.POKE QL+3, Q3: ELSE Q3=Q3+XR
:POKE QL+3,Q3
9825 Q4=PEEK (QL+4 ) : IF Q4=)3 THEN
983) 3 ELSE IF Q4+XR<8 THEN Q4=Q4 +
24+XR.POKE QL+4 ,Q4: ELSE Q4=Q4+XR
:POKE QL+4,Q4
9 8 3)3 NEXTQL
984) 3 GOT06)3
9)33)3 PRINTS 4 17 , " (T) EMPO ";: PRINT
@428, " (K)OPY " ; :PRINT@439 , " (M)
OVE " ; :PRINT@4 4 9 , " (X) POSE " ; : PRI
NT@46)3," " ; : PRINT@471, " (
Z ) ERO » ; ^
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June 1987 THE RAINBOW 95
The Creative Muse: How to
Dredge Up Those Ideas
By Joseph Kolar
Rainbow Contributing Editor
ast month you were left hanging
with a half-baked happy face.
You were challenged to use one
of the variations you saved as a
jumping-off point to create a master-
piece of animation or whatever else
your fertile brain dredged up.
How do you get ideas? Remember,
creativity is within the domain of any-
body who tries. Since all people are
unique, they will wander down different
paths looking for inspiration.
Creating a masterpiece, based on the
given happy face, should not intimidate
you. You may not be a Rembrandt, but
original work should be a joy to behold,
Thus, even though it is a crude drawing,
it is still something special.
Here is my secret "noodle-prodder"
— a way to get ideas. I display a version
of the happy face, the p ro ject at hand.
If possible, I put the animated display
into a perpetual loop. If I am unable to
keep the action going, I run the program
over and over again. Sometimes, it may
drive me coocoo for a half-hour or
longer. My secret is tositthereand stare
at it. I concentrate on each element and
think, "What can I do?" If nothing
comes to mind, I look away or day-
dream. I may get up and walk away, I
Florida-based Joseph Kolar is a veter-
an writer and programmer who special-
izes in introducing beginners to the
powers of the Color Computer.
will return and concentrate again,
looking for an easy element to work on.
The eyebrows of the happy face are
simple to draw, Happy face cries out to
make the eyebrows go up and down. As
soon as you begin to develop the idea,
you are off and running creatively.
You begin thinking, "I must erase the
existing pair of eyebrows. Then I can
raise the vertical-locating value a few
units and draw them. Then I must erase
the higher set. No! There are no eye-
brows at all. I have to make sure the
original pair are called. One way is to
draw the lower set again. There are
other ways, but I can't fig ure them out,
But, so long as I have one safe way to
accomplish my desired mission, I am in
good shape."
You are on your way!
Consider each idea or sub-idea as an
individual problem and solve each,
sequentially,
Rest assured, you need not think your
way through the entire problem. As you
erase the eyebrows, your mind will
present the next problem. Every time
you finish a problem, the next, one is
either being suggested or waiting in the
wings. You will have solved all the
problems and added a new dimension
to the happy face. When you are satis-
fied that you have achieved your goal,
make a save and/or a listing of your
recently minted program.
Display the newly crafted work on
the screen and try to figure out some-
thing else to do to it. There will be times
when you are unable to solve some
vexing problem. That's life!
After toying with the challenging
problem for some time, stop! Make a
save; sleep on it, If you are gung-ho,
your mind will sort through possible
avenues of attack. Remember, you can
always return to face up to the thwart-
ing gremlin in the program.
My motto is, "If you can think of
something to do, CoCo usually has a
way to do it." It may not be readily
apparent, but persistence pays off.
Remember, you are apt to learn more
meaningfully when you try working out
a problem and toss aside each unwork-
able approach.
Which is more satisfying? Copying
my listings and following along on a
tutorial or expressing yourself by dig-
ging in and doggedly creating some
goodie on your own initiative? Hard-
won success is so much sweeter.
At this time, look over Listing I. You
will note that it is rather long, consid-
ering the final result, A running record
or memory left on my 16K ECB CoCo
was kept. As the program ballooned,
and knowing that happy face might be
just a portion of a greater program, it
became more important to keep track
of memory used. In fact, lines 2 to 99
were kept in a virgin state, for some
other unrelated program insertion.
Often, you may wonder why I did it
this way. Why did I do it in a sloppy,
memory-wasting, red undant way? Why
didn't I take out the chaff and revise the
96 THE RAINBOW June 1987
program lines to make a tighter, more
elegant finished product?
When in hot pursuit of a solution,
you are unconcerned with techniques.
The main purpose is to find solutions.
When one solution after another tumble
into place, you keep creating. At such
times, who cares about sloppy or disor-
ganized program lines and routines?
First things first! So long as you get
answers to your problems that you can
live with, and make a working program,
everything else follows.
You may key in listings 1 and 2 for
practice and amusement. You may
prefer to key in and save Listing 2 only.
Listing I is buried in Listing 2. Without
further discussion, you are left on your
own to locate and identify the subrou-
tines that comprise most of the enhance-
ments of Listing 2. It seems easier to
study Listing 1, which purports to
create a talking happy face first and
then study the final version.
Back to the keyboard. Here is an
example of doodling and the eight
programs that resulted. Staring at the
beckoning blank screen, I began simply
enough:
10 PMDDE4,1:PCLS:SCREEN1,0
15 FOR X=4T024STEP4
20 DRAW"S=X$ ; BM12B , 9 S U 2 R 4
D2L4"
25 NEXT
100 GQTO100
Type RUN. Nothing special! Change
Line 15 to read:
15 FDR X = l TO 24 5TEP2
This produced an interesting two-
tone effect that intrigued me. What
could I do with it? Type NEW and key in
ADESIGN, First, I decided to make four
boxes around a convenient central
point, 12B,96. Place a REM in front of
lines 5 and 90 and change Line 10 to
read 4 rather than P and run. Curious
to see how this design would look in all
PMCIDEs, lines 5 and 90 were unmasked
and Line 10 read P instead of 4, Run.
That was interesting! In Line 10,
5CREEN1 , 0 was changed to 5CREEN1 , 1
temporarily, to see how the other set
looked. Run. Replace 5CREEN1,0 in
Line SO and save RDE5IGN.
Notice, in a barracuda-like frenzy of
creating, a separate loop routine was
used to place each A option around the
central point. Note also, $ in the four
DRAW lines was not required. Further,
Line 90 could be deleted and Line 85
revised to B5 NEXTX,P. Right now, we
are creating, not refining. Later on, we
shall tend to this chore. Type NEW.
Key in TUIDKINDS. The best display
was PM0DE4,L It was decided to make
an angle point and each A option line,
D2, was altered to FG. The four loops
were condensed to one loop. 5=X was
removed from lines 40, 60 and 80 since
the size would be the same in all four
units, A slight pause was added after
each display to give it a jerky, blinking
effect. Now run.
To add larger units in random steps,
Line 15 was unmasked and Line 16
masked. This gave rise to some colorful
variations. Save TW0KIND5 and type
NEW.
Rather than key in all of the remain-
ing listings, you may want to make
alterations in TUIDKINDS. If so, ignore all
further key in and NEW instructions. It
will evolve, generation by generation,
into the final listing.
Key in CROSS. I decided to push the
four units apart to make a cross. This
was done by relocating the 12B, 96
central point in lines 20 through 80.
Line 15 was altered with 5TEP-3 so
the elements in each unit would de-
crease in size. Run. Now, change to
5TEP-4 and run. Try 1 and 2. Save
CROSS and type NEW.
Tiring of the results, all the locations
were restored to 12B,56 and the units
were altered to be twice as wide. U2 and
FG were doubled in value to U4 and
F2G2 in lines 20 through 80. Run. It
looked like a hidden swastika but oth-
erwise was a pedestrian design. Save Rl
and type NEW.
Key in R2. The object was to put an
angle on the remaining outer border of
each unit. This was done quickly by
changing R4F2 to E2F4 in lines 20
through 80. Run. This wasn't too bad!
Save R2 and type NEW. Time to fool
around.
Key in A3. The F4G2 portions of each
A option unit were blanked out; BF4G2
in lines 20 though 80 and STEP 4 re-
placed -3. Now run. A feathery effect
was created. Save A3 and type NEW.
Key in A4, Time to tighten up and
ultimately simplify the program. The E2
was changed to R4 and the location of
the unit of design was pulled from lines
20 through 80 and placed in a string
variable in Line 1 1. The string variable,
A$, was concatenated to each A option.
Now, mask lines 40 through 80. Run.
Can you imagine what the design will
look like, as you release each additional
design unit by unmasking each A option
in turn? Unmask Line 40 and run.
Unmask Line 60 and run, and then Line
80 and run. This proves the point that
observing a single unit doesn't reveal the
end result when using A options. Save
R4 and type NEW.
Key in R5. The only change is the
removal of the two EPs in Line 16. By
adding the long side of the angle, FA,
and the short side, G2, to the previous
program, we alter the appearance of the
design considerably. Run.
To make the design symmetrical,
change G2 to G4. If you want to save
both variations, mask Line 16 and
create 17 A$~"BM12B , 96U4R4F4
G4L4". Make a comment at the end of
Line 0, TWO VARIATIONS AT 16-17, as
a reminder. Save A5.
R5 is a linear descendant of ADE5IGN.
You saw it evolve, generation after
generation. Changing values and steps
in the loop in Line 15 will do wonders.
So will changing the shape of the design
element in Line 17.
Consider a minor change in Line 17.
Change R4 to R3 and run. Did you see
the difference? No? Well, change R3 to
R2 and run. What happens when you
change R2 to R? The change is dramatic.
Only one direction, R, was altered
while the others remained constant.
Can you imagine all the possibilities
available to be manipulated and ex-
plored?
By constant experimentation, you
may luck into a unique display that may
be worth saving for posterity. More
importantly, the resultant display may
give you ideas to pursue and suggest
new channels for investigation. Your
mind may be jogged into developing a
new approach.
Just one last change. (See how addic-
tive experimentation can become?)
Change R to E4 and run.
These casual, unpremeditated
changes can, and often do, lead to
unintentional but superb designs.
One more and that's it. Promise!
Change Line 15 to STEP -2 and run. One
more, OK? Change F4 to BF4 and run.
You see, there is no end. Try changing
Line 15 to STEP-3 and then STEP-1.
Whew! There are so many things to
check out. It seems the more alterations
or modifications you make, no matter
how trivial the change, the more you are
lead remorselessly from one generation
to the next. I hate to admit it, but we
have progressed through about 12
generations from ADE5IGN with no end
in sight.
I was compelled to turn CoCo off or
this tutorial would never be completed.
1 leave it to you to have fun, burning the
midnight oil, creating all kinds of
goodies that may have been based on
the seeds scattered here. □
June 1987 THE RAINBOW 97
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Listing 1:
0 '<LISTING1> 11-28-' 86
100 PM0DE4 , 1 : PCLS : SCREEN1 , 1
104 GOTO110
105 FORZ=1TO40 : NEXT : RETURN
106 FORZ=1TO50: NEXT: RETURN
107 FOR Z=l TO 150: NEXT: RETURN
lip CIRCLE (13/3,98) ,50,1, .8
111 CIRCLE (80,96) ,10,1, .9, .25, .7
5
112 CIRCLE (180, 96) ,10,1, .9, .75, .
25
113 DRAWBM130 , 58H3E3H3E3H3E3H3 "
114 DRAWBM105 , 66U2H4U4H4" : DRAW"
BM155 ,66U2E4U4E4"
115 DRAW"BM127 , 95BLD9F3R5E3U9 "
116 DRAW"C1BM112, 118F3M+15 , 7R5M+
15,-7E3U2"
117 DRAW"BM114 , 89C1BL2E2R5F2G2L5
H2BR30E2R5F2G2L5H2"
120 A$="C1BL2E5R7F5G5L7H5"
121 B$="C1BL2E2R5F2G2L5H2"
122 C$="C0BL2E2R5F2G2L5H2"
12 5 DRAWBM110 , 90"+A$ : DRAWBM140
,90"+A$:GOTO200
130 GOSUB107 : DRAW"BM114 , 90"+B$ : D
RAW"BM144,90"+B$
131 GOSUB107 : DRAW"BM114 , 90"+C$ : D
RAWBM144 , 90 "+C$ : RETURN
200 X=RND(4): ON X GOTO 201,202,
203,204
201 GOSUB130:GOSUB700:GOSUB1100:
GOT0125
202 GOSUB130:GOSUB600:GOTO125
203 GOSUB1000:GOSUB500:GOTO117
204 GOSUB130:GOSUB500:GOSUB1200:
GOT0125
500 DRAWC0BM112 , 118FEM+15 , 7R5M+
15 , -7E3 " : GOSUB800 : GOSUB105 : DRAW"
C1BM112 , 118FEM+15 , 7R5M+15 , -7E3 " :
RETURN
600 F0RY=1T03 : DRAWC0BM130 , 58H3E
3H3E3H3E3H3 " : GOSUB106 : DRAW"C1BM1
30, 58E3H3E3H3E3H3E3" :DRAW"C0BM13
0, 58E3H3E3H3E3H3E3" : DRAW"C1BM130
, 58H3E3H3E3H3E3H3 " : NEXT : RETURN
700 FOR Y=1T02 : DRAW" C0BM109 , 8J3E2
R9F2BR18E2R9F2 11 : GOSUB106 : DRAW'Cl
BM109 , 78E2R9F2BR18E2R9F2 " : GOSUB1
06 : DRAW"C0BMip9 , 78E2R9F2BR18E2R9
F2" :GOSUBip6:DRAW"ClBMip9,80E2R9
F2BR18E2R9F2 " : NEXT : RETURN
800 X=RND(8): ON X GOTO 8j31,8j32,
8j33,8j34,8j35,8j36,8j37,8j38
801 PLAY"02V25L16ACEF" : RETURN
802 PLAY"O3V30L16CEFA" : RETURN
803 PLAY"O4V20L32EFAC" : RETURN
804 PLAY "05 V30L3 2 CAFE ": RETURN
805 PLAY"O5V20L3 2 FCEA" : RETURN
806 PLAY"O2V30L16FCAE": RETURN
807 PLAY "O3V20L32EACF": RETURN
808 PLAY"O5V30L3 2 FACE ": RETURN
900 CIRCLE(80,96) ,10,0, .9, .25, .7
5: CIRCLE (180, 96) , 10,0, .9, .75, .25
: CIRCLE (80, 96) , 10, 1,1.1, .25, .75:
CIRCLE (180, 96) ,10,1,1.1, .75, .25:
GOSUB105 : CIRCLE (80, 96) ,10, 0,1.1,
.25, .75: CIRCLE (180, 96) ,10,0,1.1,
.75, .25
901 CIRCLE(80,96) ,10,1, .9, .25, .7
5: CIRCLE (180, 96) ,10,1,. 9,. 75,. 25
: RETURN
1000 DRAW"C0BM127 , 95BLD9F3R5E3U9
" : DRAW"C1BM127 , 95BLBD2D14F3R5E3U
14" : GOSUB800 :GOSUB107 : DRAW"C0BM1
27 , 95BLBD2D14F3R5E3U14 " : DRAW'CIB
M127, 95BLD9F3R5E3U9" : RETURN
1100 F0RX=1T03 : DRAW"C0BM105 , 66U2
H4U4H4" :DRAW"C0BM155, 66U2E4U4E4"
:DRAW"C1BM105, 66U2E4U4E4" :DRAW"C
1BM155 , 66U2H4U4H4" : GOSUB106 : DRAW
"C0BM105 , 66U2E4U4E4" : DRAW"C0BM15
5 , 66U2H4U4H4" : DRAW"C1BM105 , 66U2H
4U4H4 " : DRAWC1BM155 , 6 6U2E4U4E4 " :
NEXT : RETURN
1200 DRAW"C0BM105, 66U2H4U4H4" :DR
AW"C0BM155, 6 6U2E4U4E4" :DRAW"C1BM
105,66U2H4U4E4" : DRAW" C1BM155 , 66U
2E4U4H4 " : GOSUB10 6
1201 DRAWC0BM105, 66U2H4U4E4" : DR
AWC0BM155 , 6 6U2E4U4H4" : DRAW "C IBM
105,66U2H4U4H4" : DRAWC1BM155 , 6 6U
2E4U4E4" : RETURN
Listing 2:
0 '<LISTING2> 11-29-' 86
1 'MEM 5154
100 PM0DE4,1:PCLS:SCREEN1,1
101 DRAWS8BM48 , 28U6F3E3D6BR3U6R
4D4L2NL2F2BR2RBR5 U6NL2R2BR3NR4D
3NR3D3R4BR3U6R4D4NL4D2BR6U3NU3R2
NE3F3BR3 NR4U3NR3U3R4BR3R2NR2D6
BR7U6NL2R2 BR3D6R3BR3 NR4U3NR3U3R4
S4"
102 DRAWC1BM118, 170U6R3FD4GNL2B
R5U6R3FD2GL3BRF2BR5NU6BR5U6R3FD2
GL3 "
104 GOTO109
105 FORZ=1TO40: NEXT: RETURN
106 FORZ=1TO50: NEXT: RETURN
107 FOR Z=l TO 150: NEXT: RETURN
109 DRAWC1BM109 , 80E2R9F2BR18E2R
9F2"
110 CIRCLE (130, 98) ,50,1, .8
111 CIRCLE(80,96) ,10,1, .9, .25, .7
5
100 THE RAINBOW June 1987
DataPack II Plus V4. 1
SUPER SMART TERMINAL PROGRAM
AUTOPILOTind AUTO-LOS Commind Processors
X-MODEM DISK FILE TRANSFER SUPPORT
VT-IOO & VT-52 TERMINAL EMULATION
* No lomt dot* using Mi-R«« Display, £v»n at I 200 Baud on the Eoriol port.
8 Q Hi-Res Displays, 28 to 255 columns by 24 lines &» true Upper/Lower case.
* 4SK Text Buffer when using the Hi-Res Text Display and Disk
« ASCI! & BINARY disk file transfer support via XMODEM.
* Directly record receive data to a disk file while online.
* VT-100 terminal emulation for VAX, UNIX and other systems,
« VT-i 00/52 cursor keys & position, insert/delete, PF & Alt. Kbd. keys.
* Programmable Word Length, Parity, Stop Bits and baud rates 300 to 0600.
* Complete Full and Half Duplex operation, with no garbled data.
* Send full 1 28 character set from Keyboard with control codes
* Complete Editor. Insert, Delete, Change or Add to Buffer.
* 0 Variable lengln^ Programmable Macro key buffers.
* Programmable Printer rates from HQ to 0600 Baud.
* Send Files directly from the Buffer, Macro Key Buffers or disk.
a Display on Screen or Print the contents of the Buffer.
* Freeze Oisplay & Review information On line with no loss of data.
* Built in Command Menu (Help) Display.
« And much, much more.
Supports: Word-Pak I, !l, ft.S. and Double Density 60 Column Cards
Disto Controller w/80 column card &■ parallel printer
P8J Parallel Printer Card and Dual Serial Port (2SP-Pak)
R. S. Modem-Pakfc Deluxe RS-232Pak, even with Disk.
Requires 52K & Di3k, Only $59.95
Hl-RES II Screen Commander
Tired of looking at the 16 line by 32 character display on your
CoCo? Wish you could see more lines and characters? Then HI-RES II
is the answer, it can give you the big screen display you've always
wanted. It will display 24 lines of 32, 42, 51, 64 and even 85 true
upper and lower case characters per line without extra hardware.
HI-RES li is the most powerful screen enhancement package available
f or the Color Computer, yet it is the least expensive. It is completely
compatible and transparent to Basic. Once the program is loaded,
everything works the same as before, only you have a much better
display to work with, it even allows you to have mixed text and
Hi-resolution graphics on the same screen or have separate text and
graphics screens. It also has an adjustable automatic key repeat
feature and allows you to protect up to 23 lines on the screen.
HI-RES II features over 30 special control code functions that allow
you to change characters per line, protect display lines, change
background color, position cursor, switch normal/reverse video,
underline, double size characters, erase line/screen/to end of
screen, home cursor, character highlight and much more. It works on
all models of the CoCo with 16, 32 or 64K and provides automatic
reset control so HI-RES II won't disappear when you press reset.
24.95 on Tepe or $29.95 on Disk
"The Source"
Now you can easily Disassemble Color Computer machine language
programs directly from disk and generate beautiful, Assembler
Source Code. And "The Source" has all the features and functions you
are looking for in a Disassembler.
* Automatic Label generation and allows specifying FCB, FCC and FOB areas.
* Disassembles programs directly from Disk or ROM.
* Output Disassembled listing with labels to the Printer, Screen orboih.
* Generates Assembler source files directly to disk . or a printed listing,
* Generated source files are in standard ASCI! formal.
* Built in Hex/ASCII dump/display to locate FCB, FCC and FOB areas.
* Built in Disk Directory and Kill file commands.
* Menu display with single key commands for smooth, Easy operation.
* Written tn fast machine language, one of the easiest to use Disassemblers
Requires 32K Disk $34,95
TEXTPRO III
"The Advanced Word Processing System"
* 0 Hi-Res Displays from 28 to 255 columns by 24 lines & Upper/Lower Case
* Three Programmable Header lines that can be re-defined at anytime.
* Programmable Footer line &. Automatic Footnote System.
* I 0 Programmable Tab stops & 7 Powerfull Tab Function Commands.
* Completely Automatic Justification, Centering, Flush left and right.
* On screen display of underline and Double size characters.
* Change indents, margins, line length, etc. parameters anytime in the text.
* Create and Edit files larger than memory, up to the size of a full disk.
* Easily Imbed any number of format and control codes.
* Automatic Memory sense 1 6-64K with up to of memory workspace.
* Fully supports the use of 80 column hardware cards.
TEXTPRO HI is an advanced word processing system designed for
speed, flexability and extensive document processing. It is not like
most of the other word processing programs available for the Color
Computer. If you are looking f or a simple word processor to write
letters or other short documents, then most likely you'll be better off
with one of the other simpler word processors. But, if you want a
powerful word processor with extensive document formatting
features to handle large documents, term papers, manuals, complex
formating problems and letter writing, then TEXTPRO 111 is what your
looking f or. TEXTPRO works in a totally diff ©rent way than most
word processing programs. It uses simple 2 character abbreviations
of words or phrases f or commands and formatting information that
you imbed directly in your text. There are over 50 different
formating commands you can use without ever leaving the text your
working on. There are no time comsuming, and often furstrating
menu chases, you are in total control at all times. The formatted
output can be displayed directly on the screen, showing you exactly
what your printed document will look like before a single word is ever
printed. This includes margins, headers, footers, page numbers, page
breaks, underlining, column formating and full justification.
DISK $59.95 TAPE $49.95
The CB AS I C Editor/Compiler Vl.1.2
Do you want to write fast machine language programs butyou
don't want to spend the next few years trying to learn how ???
Well with CBASIC, you could be writing them right now!
CBASIC is the only fully integrated Basic Compiler and program
editing system available f or the Color Computer. It will allow you to
take full advantage of all the capabilities available in your color
computer without having to spend years trying to learn assembly
language programming. CBASIC allows you to create, edit and
convert programs from a language you are already familiar with
Extended Disk Color Basic, into fast efficient machine language
programs easily and quickly. We added advanced features like a full
blown program editor, Hi-Res text Displays and 80 column hardware
support for editing, compiling and your compiled programs. Plus we
made it exceptionally easy to use, CBASIC is the friendliest and
easiest compiler available for the Color Computer.
The most complete E dit or/Compiler I have seen for t he CoCo.. . '
- - The RAINBOW, March I 036
CBASIC is a powerful tool for the Beginner as well as the Advanced
Basic or Machine Language programmer. You can write programs
without having to worry about the Stack, DP Register, memory
allocation and so on, because CBASIC will do it f or you automatically.
Or, CBASIC will )et you control every aspect of your program, even
generating machine code directly in a program easily.
CBASIC features well over 100 compiled Basic Commands and
Functions that f ully support Disk Sequential and Direct access files,
Tape, Printer and Screen I/O. CBASIC supports ALL the High and Low
Resolution Graphics, Sound, Play and String Operations available in
Extended Color Basic, including Graphics GET. PUT, PLAY and DRAW,
all with 99.952 syntax compatibility. CBASIC also supports the built
in Serial I/O port with separate printer & serial 1/0 baud rates. You
can send and receive data with PRINT, INPUT and INKEY commands.
CBASIC has its own completely integrated Basic Program Editor
which allows you to load, edit or create programs for the compiler.
It is a full featured editor designed specifically for writing and editing
Basic programs. It has block move &. copy, program renumbering,
automatic line numbers, screen editing, printer control and more.
"The Editor is a very good one and could be the subject for re view-
all by itself... " - - The RAINBOW, March I 086
"Comparing EC B's edit mode to CBASIC s text editor is like comparing a
World War 1 1 jeep to a modern sedan Both get you to your destination^
but what a difference in the ride. --Mot CoL o, F eburary I 080
The documentation f or CBASIC is an 8 1/2 * 11 Spiral Bound book
which contains approximatly 120 pages of real information.
"C8A SICs manual is easy to read and written with a minimum of
technicalese. " --Hot CoCo Febrvsry , 1 036
The price of CBASIC is $ 1 49.00. It is the most expensive Color
Basic Compiler on the market, and well worth the investment.
Compare the performance of CBASIC against any Color Basic
compiler. Dollar for dollar, CBASIC gives you more than any other
compiler available. Requires 64K & Disk, not JDOS compatible.
The price tag it carries seemed a bit steep for an integer compiler on first
glance \ but when you add 64 k', hi-res drivers, and full-screen editing, CBASIC
begins t o look more like a bargain. " -- Hot CoCo febrvary, f086
"A Complete Editor/Compiler Welt Worth its Price" - -RAIN8QW March 1 036
EDT/ASM 64D
64K DISK EDITOR ASSEMBLER
EDT/ASM 64D Is a Disk based co-resident Text Editor & Assembler.
It has a Hi-Resolution 51. 64 or 85 column by 24 line display, so you
see your program listings easily and it supports Column cards. The
disk also contains a f ree standing ML Debug Monitor, to help you debug
your assembled programs.
This is the most powerfull, easy to use Text Editor available in any
Editor/ Assembler package for the Color Computer. It even has
automatic line number generation for easy entry of program material,
* Local and Global string search and/or replace.
* Full screen line editing with immediate line update.
" Easy to use Single keystroke editing commands.
* Load&Save standard ASCII formatted Tape/Disk files.
" Move or Copy single k multiple text lines.
* Create and Edit disk files larger than memory.
* Hi-Res Text Display 26 to 85 columns by 24 lines.
* Supports Word-Pak ) ,11. & R.S. and Disto 80 column display cards.
The Assembler portion of EDT/ASM 64D features include:
* Supports the full 680Q instruction set.
* Supports conditional IF/THEN/ELSE assembly.
* Supports Disk Library files (include)
* Supports standard motorola assembler directives
* Allows multiple values for FOB & FCB directives.
* Generates listings to Hi-Res text screen or printer.
* Assembles directly to disk or tape in LOADM format.
* Supports up to 0 open disk files during assembly.
* Allows assembly from editor buffer, Disk or both.
The freestanding DEBUG program provided includes:
■ Examine and change the contents of memory.
* Set, Remove and display up to ! 0 breakpoints in memory.
* Display/Change processor register contents.
* Move a Block of memory or Fill Memory range with specified data.
* Search memory range for data pattern.
* Oisa ssemhle memory range into op-code format.
Requires 32SC Disk $59.95
To order products by mai I, send check or money order for the amount of
?urchase, plus $3.00 for shipping & handling to the address below,
o order by VISA, MASTERCARD or COD call usa t (702) 452-0632
(Monday thru Saturday, 8am to 5pm PST).
CER-COMP
5566 Ricochet Avenue
Las Vegas, Nevada 89110
702-452-0632
112 DRAW M C1BM179, 9)3M+2)3 , 5F2D8L6U
3L16"
113 DRAW"BM13)3,58H3E3H3E3H3E3H3"
114 DRAW M BM1)35 , 66U2H4U4H4" : DRAW"
BM155, 66U2E4U4E4"
115 DRAWBM127, 95BLD1)3F3R5E3U1)3 M
116 DRAW M C1BM112 , 118F3M+15 , 7R5M+
15,-7E3U2"
117 DRAW M BM114 , 89C1BL2E2R5F2G2L5
H2BR3)3E2R5F2G2L5H2 11
118 DRAW M BM124, 138D1)3M-15 , -5D15M
+15 , -5NU5ND5R12NU5ND5M+15 , 5U15M-
15,5NL12NU1)3 M
119 F$ = M M-3,5F2RE2M-3,-5 M
12) 3 A$= M C1BL2E5R7F5G5L7H5 M
121 B$= M C1BL2E2R5F2G2L5H2 M
122 C$ = M Cj3BL2E2R5F2G2L5H2 M
12 5 DRAW 11 BM11)3 , 9)3 M +A$ : DRAW 11 BM14 fS
,9)3 M +A$:GOT02)3)3
13) 3 G0SUB1)37 : DRAW M BM114 , 9)3 "4- B$ : D
RAWBM144, 9)3 M +B$
131 G0SUB1)37 : DRAW M BM114 , 9)3 M +C$ : D
RAW 11 BM144,9)3 M +C$: RETURN
2)3)3 X=RND(5): ON X GOTO 2)31,2)32,
2)33 , 2)34 , 2)35
2)31 GOSUB13)3:GOSUB7)3)3:GOSUBll)3)3:
GOT0125
2)32 GOSUB13j3:GOSUB6j3j3:GOSUB13j3j3:
GOT0125
2)33 GOSUBl)3)3)3:GOSUB5)3)3:GOT0117
2)34 GOSUB13)3:GOSUB5)3)3:GOSUB12)3)3:
GOT0125
2) 35 GOSUB9)3)3:GOSUB3)3)3:GOT012 5
3) 3)3 DRAW M C1BM198 , 1)33 M + F$ : GOSUBl)3
5 : DRAW M C)3BM198 , 1)3 3 M + F$ : DRAW" C IBM
198, 113 M +F$ :GOSUB8)39: DRAW" C)3BM19
8, 113 ,I +F$:DRAW II C1BM198, 12 3"+F$:G
OSUB8)39 : DRAW M C)3BM198 , 123 M + F$ : DRA
W M C1BM198 , 133 M +F$ : GOSUB8)39 : DRAW"
C)3BM198,133 M + F$
3)31 DRAW M C1BM198, 144 M + F$ : GOSUB8)3
9 : DRAW M C)3BM198 , 144 M +F$ : FOR X=5TO
15: CIRCLE (2)3)3 ,16)3) ,X,1, .3:NEXT:G
OSUB8 1)3 : FORX=15T05STEP-l : CIRCLE (
2) 3)3,16)3) ,X,)3, .3:NEXT:GOSUB811:RE
TURN
5) 3)3 DRAW M C)3BM112 , 118FEM+15 , 7R5M+
15 , -7E3 » : GOSUB8)3)3 : G0SUB1)35 : DRAW"
C1BM112 , 118FEM+15 , 7R5M+15 , -7E3 " :
RETURN
6) 3)3 F0RY=1T03 : DRAW M C)3BM13)3 , 58H3E
3H3E3H3E3H3 » : GOSUBl)3 6 : DRAW M C1BM1
3) 3, 58E3H3E3H3E3H3E3 11 : DRAW M C)3BM13
)3, 58E3H3E3H3E3H3E3 11 :DRAW M C1BM13)3
, 58H3E3H3E3H3E3H3 11 : NEXT : RETURN
7pp R=RND(4):FOR Y=1T0R: DRAW M C)3B
M1^9, 8)3E2R9F2BR18E2R9F2 M :GOSUBl)3
6 : DRAW M C1BM1)39 , 78E2R9F2BR18E2R9F
2" :G0SUB1)36: DRAW M C)3BM1)39, 78E2R9F
2BR18E2R9F2 11 : G0SUB1)36 : DRAW 11 C1BM1
)39 , 8 )3E2R9F2BR18E2R9F2 11 : NEXT : RETU
RN
8)3)3 X=RND(8) : ON X GOTO 8)31,8)32,
8)33, 8)34, 8)35, 8)36,8)37, 8)38
8)31 PLAY M 02V25L16ACEF M : RETURN
8)32 PLAY II 03V3)3L16CEFA 11 : RETURN
8)33 PLAY II 04V2)3L3 2EFAC 11 : RETURN
8)34 PLAY II 05V3)3L3 2CAFE 11 : RETURN
8)35 PLAY"05V2)3L32FCEA 11 : RETURN
8)36 PLAY"02V3)3L16FCAE 11 : RETURN
8)37 PLAY II 03V2)3L32EACF 11 : RETURN
8)38 PLAY II 05V3)3L3 2FACE 11 : RETURN
8) 39 PLAY M 05V25L128B-GP4 M :RETURN
81)3 PLAY II 04V3)3L16G 11 : RETURN
811 PLAY II 02V3)3L16G 11 :RETURN
9) 3)3 CIRCLE(8)3, 96) , 1)3,)3, .9 , . 25, .7
5: CIRCLE (8)3, 96) , 1)3, 1,1.1, .25, .75
: G0SUB1)35 : CIRCLE (8)3, 96) ,1)3,)3,1.1
, .25, .75:GOSUBl)35:CIRCLE(8^,96) ,
1)3, 1, .9, . 2 5, . 75:PLAY M 03L16CEGL80
4CL1603GL404C" : RETURN
1)3)3)3 DRAW M C)3BM127 , 95BLD1)3F3R5E3U
I) 3" :DRAW M C1BM127,95BLBD2D1)3F3 BR
3BD6NM-16,3NM+16,2BU6BL3 R5E3U1)3
11 : GOSUB8)3)3 : G0SUB1)37 : DRAW M C)3BM127
,95BLBD2D1)3F3 BR3BD6NM-16 , 3NM+16
, 2BU6BL3 R5E3U1)3 M : DRAW M C1BM127 , 9
5BLD1)3F3R5E3U1)3 11 : RETURN
II) 3)3 F0RX=1T03:DRAW M C)3BM1)35, 66U2
H4U4H4" : DRAW M C)3BM155, 66U2E4U4E4 11
: DRAW M C1BM1)35 , 6 6U2E4U4E4" : DRAW 11 C
1BM155 , 66U2H4U4H4 11 : G0SUB1)36 : DRAW
M C)3BM1)35 , 6 6U2E4U4E4" : DRAW M C)3BM15
5, 66U2H4U4H4" : DRAW M C1BM1)35 , 66U2H
4U4H4" : DRAW M C1BM155 , 66U2E4U4E4" :
NEXT : RETURN
12)3)3 DRAW M C)3BM1)35, 66U2H4U4H4" : DR
AW M C)3BM155, 66U2E4U4E4" : DRAW 11 C IBM
1)35, 66U2H4U4E4" : DRAW M C1BM155 , 66U
2E4U4H4" :G0SUB1)36
12) 31 DRAW M C)3BM1)35, 66U2H4U4E4" : DR
AW M C)3BM155, 66U2E4U4H4" : DRAW" C1BM
1)35, 6 6U2H4U4H4" : DRAW M C1BM155 , 66U
2E4U4E4" : RETURN
13) 3)3 DRAW M C)3BM12 4 , 138D1)3M-15 , -5D
15M+15 , -5NU5ND5R12NU5ND5M+15 , 5U1
5M-15,5NL12NU1)3 M : LINE ( 116 , 148) -
(146,188) , PRESET, BF
13)31 DRAW M C1BM124 , 142NU4D14M-15 ,
-5D15M+15 , -5NU9ND8R12NU9ND8M+15 ,
5U15M-15, 5NL12NU18" : PLAY M 01V3)3L6
4CDEFGABC" : G0SUB1)37
13)32 DRAW M C)3BM12 4, 142NU4D14M-15 ,
-5D15M+15 , -5NU9ND8R12NU9ND8M+15 ,
5U15M-15 , 5NL12NU18 11 : DRAW M C1BM124
, 138D1)3M-15 , -5D15M+15 , -5NU5ND5R1
102 THE RAINBOW June 1987
i w no
TEXT PRO I 1 1-3
"The Advanced Word Processing System*
* 8 Displays from 32/40/64^0 coiLrrreby 24 lines 1 92 (r 225 Resolution.
* Three [^oc/arrmable l-teader lives that can be rt-defined at anytime.
* Rxgiirf r^e Footer lire & Automatic Footnote System.
* 10 R^znrTiabte Tab stops & 7 Powerful! Tab Function Commands.
* arrpjrjjiiy ALtoatk Justification, Cenlfinng. Flush \qH and n$i .
* On screen display ofurdarlro and Double size characters.
* Charge indents, margins, line length, etc. parameters anytime in the text.
* Create and Edit Hies largar !hn memory, up to the size of a full disk ( 1 56K).
* Easily imbed any ruiter of format and control cooes.
* &ithUlraFart2drive RATUEiK fr5l2Kauppai.
TEXTPRO II! is an advanced word processing system designed for
speed, taxability and extensive document processing. It is not like
mostof the other word processing programs available for the Color
Computer, ff you are looking for a simple word processor to write
letters or other short documents, then most likely you'll be better
off with one of the other simpler word processors. But, if you want
a powerful word processor with extensive document formatting
features to handle large documents, term papers, manuals, complex
formating problems and letter writing, then TEXTPRO III is what
your looking for. TEXTPRO works in a totally different way than
most word processing programs. It uses simple 2 character
abbreviations of words or phrases for commands and f ormatting
information that you imbed directly in your text. There are over
50 different formating commands you can use without ever leaving
the text your working on. There are no time comsuming, and often
furstroting menu chases, you are in total control at all times. The
formatted output can be displayed directly on the screen, showing
you exactly what your printed document will look like before a
single word is ever printed. This includes margins, headers,
footers, page numbers, page breaks, underlining, column formating
and f ull justification.
Requires 128/512K & DISK $59.95
EDT/ASM I I I
128/512K DISK EDITOR ASSEMBLER
EDT/ASM III is a Disk based co-resident Text Editor 8c Assembler.
It is similar to our EDT/ASM 64D for the COCO I & 2 but designed
to take advantage of the new features of the COCO 3. It has 8
Display formats from 32/40/64/80 columns by 24 lines in 192 or
225 Resolution, so you can use the best display mode whether you
are using an RGB or Composite monitor or even a TV for your
display. Plus you can select any f oreground and backbround colors
or even color or monochrome display modes, It even supports 5 1 2K
by adding an automatic 2 drive Ultra Fast RAMDISK for lightning
fast assembly of program source code larger than memory. The
disk also contains a f rea standing ML Debug Monitor, to help you
debug your assembled programs. See our other Advertisement for
information on some of the advanced features supported in the
Editor, Assembler and Debugger.
Requires 12B/512K & Disk $59,95
512K RAM UPGRADE
Assembled & Tested w/120 nsec RAM
Give your COCO 3 all the power i t deserves with this easy to install
(no soldering/plug in) 100% Tandy compatible 512K memory
upgrade. Completely assembled and tested (in a COCO-3), not like
some upgrades that give you a bare board and a set of ram chips to
assemble & test yourself, (upgrade without RAM $49.95)
Now only $99.95 Assembled & Tested
Ultra Hi-Speed 5 1 2K RAMDISK
and MEMORY Tester
RAMDISK is an ALL Machine Language program that will give you 2
ULTRA High Speed Ram Disks in your 51 2K COCO III. It does not
need or require [he GS-9 operating system, it work's with R.5. DOS
VI .0 or V 1.1 and it is completely compatible with Enhanced Color
Disk Basic!!! Plus it allows your 512K C0C0-3 to run at double
speed all the time even for floppy disk access!!! The MEMORY
tester is a fast Machine Language program to test the 5 1 2K
COCO-3. II performs several bit tests as we}) as an address test so
you know that your 512K of memory is working perfectly.
Requires 512K & DISK $19.95
COMING SOON
Maybe even by the time you read this!!!
TEXTPRO IV- Word Processor with ONScreenUnderlining, Italics,
Bold and Double Width display. What you see is what you get.
THE SOURCE-3- Disassembler Source Generator better than ever.
CBASIC3 - With Enhanced Graphics & 512K RAM support plus more!
Data Pack Mi Plus V 1 . 1
SUPER SMART TERMINAL PROGRAM
AUTOP ILOTand AUTO-LOG Command Processors
X-MODEM DIRECT DISK FILE TRANSFER
VT- I 00 & VT-52 TERMINAL EMULATION
• rbl()std3taevaiat24X)Baudonl]ie CC0>3Seriai l/Optrt
• 8 Selectable Display Formats. 32/40/64/80 columns at 1 92 cr 225 Resolution.
• 50K. Text&jffer when using lie i-c~Res Text Display and Disk .
* ASCII & BINARY disk file tnreTer s^jcrt via XMCOEM.
* DirecUy record racers data to a risk file white online (Data togging).
* VT- 1 00 terminal emulation for VAX, UNIX and other systems.
• VT-S 00/52 arsor keys & posiucn. insert/delete. PF & Alt. Kbd. keys.
* nrograrmiableVML
♦ Complete Full and Half Duplex operation, with no garbled dote.
* Send full !28chractjrsetfromKeytx3ar^wi^ oonfrol codes.
# Complete Edbr, Insert Delete, Change or Add to Buffer.
* g Vanite length, Pm^tmv^M Macro Key buffers.
# Rrogrammable Printer raLas fnm 1 10 to 9600 Bar!.
♦ Send Files oVectty from the Buffer, rtxro Key Buffers or Disk.
• Display onScron or PrvL the contents of the Buffer.
* Freeze Display & Review infornaUcn Ch line with no loss of data.
• Built in Command Menu (Help) Display.
♦ 8uiltin2DrT^RAT1)!SKr^
Supports: R. S. Modem-Pak 2* Deluxe RS-232 Pak, even with Disk.
Requires 128/5 I 2K & Disk. Only $59.95
HI RES III Screen Commander
Now you can have up to 54 different character sizes on
your COCO-3 screen at the same time!!!
* 54 Different Character Sizes available Hto212cpl.
♦ Sold, /{j//cor Plain character styles.
• Double Width, Double Height and Quad Width characters.
* full 96 Upper/Lower case characters.
♦ Continious or Individual Character Highlighting.
♦ Scroll Protect from 1 to 23 lines on the screen.
• Mixed Text & Graphics in HSCREEN3 mode.
♦ PRINT © available in all character sizes.
* Programmable Automatic Key repeat.
* Full Control Code Keyboard supported.
# Full Cursor Control command support.
« Selectable Character & Background color.
• Color or Monochrome Display modes.
• Uses only AK of Extended or Basic ram.
• Written in Ultra Fast Machine Language.
HI-RES III was designed to improve the standard display capabilities
of the Color Computer 3, even the AO and 80 column displays have
several f eatures missing. For example you can't use PRINT O or
have different character sizes on the same screen, even mixing
text and graphics with the HPRINT command leaves a lot to be
desired. HI-RES III can give you the kind of display capabilities you
always dreamed about having on your color computer but didn't get
with your COCO-3. Well now it's here and with a wide varieLy of
display options that you cm easily use with your Basic or ML
programs. HI-RES III is totally compatible with Enhanced Color
Basic and its operation is invisible to Basic. It simply replaces the
normal screen display with an extremely versatile display package.
It also overcomes some of the disadvantages found when using the
Width AO L 80 screens. You can use the Print ® function on any
line length with HI-RES 111. It also gives you a programmable
automatic key repeat that can be very handy for editing your Basic
programs. Automatic key repeat can be adjusted from ultra fast to
super slow and can be disabled entirely if desired. You also get a
f ull control code keyboard using the 'CTRL' key. So many of HI-RES
Ill's extended functions can be controlled directly from the keyboard
easily. With just a couple of simple keystrokes you can change
character- sizes and styles at any time. You can even switch back
and forth bolwoon iho standard COCO-3 display and HI-RES Ml with a
simple keyboard entry or under program control. But, after you
use HI-RES III, you most likely won't want to do without it again.
HI-RES III can be used for a wide variety of applications, with its
many different character sizes and styles. You can make your
program really look professional, wILh protected menus. Ooid or
Italic emphasis, Double or Quad characters for easy to read displays
& menus. It can be idealy suited for Video Titles or Store Displays,
Printing Signs or Fliers in conjunction with a Hi-res Screen dump
program. The visually impared will espically appreciate the extra
large character sizes available.
Requires I 2 8/5 1 2K Tops or Disk $34,95
To order products by mail, send check or money order for the amount of purchase,
plus 13.00 for shipping & handling to the address below.
To order by VISA, MASTERCARD or COD call us at {702) 452-06 32
(Monday thru Saturday, 8om to 5pm PST).
CER-COMP
5566 Ricochet Avenue
Las Vegas, Nevada 891 10
702-452-0632
2NU5ND5M+15, 5U15M-15, 5NL12NU10"
1303 DRAW I! C1BM118 , 170U6R3FD4GNL2
BR5U6R3FD2GL3BRF2 BR5NU6BR5U6R3FD
2GL3 11 : RETURN
Listing 3:
0 ! <ADESIGN>
5 FOR P=0 TO 4
10 PMODEP, 1:PCLS:SCREEN1,0
15 FOR X=l TO 40STEP2
20 DRAW ,f A3S=X$ ; BM128 , 96U2R4D2L4 11
2 5 NEXT
35 FOR X=l TO 40 STEP2
40 DRAW M A1S=X$ ; BM128 , 96U2R4D2L4 11
45 NEXT
55 FOR X=l TO 40 STEP2
60 DRAW"A2S=X$ ; BM128 , 96U2R4D2L4 11
65 NEXT
75 FOR X=l TO 40 STEP2
80 DRAW" A0S=OC$ ; BM12 8 , 9 6U2R4D2L4 11
85 NEXT
90 NEXTP
100 GOT05
Listing 4:
0 ' <TWOKINDS>
10 PMODE4 , 1 : PCLS : SCREEN1 , 1
15 1 FOR X=20 TO 40 STEP RND ( 6 ) 'M
ULTI
16 FOR X=20 TO 2 4 STEP4 1 BLINKING
NEON
20 DRAW !I A3S=X;BM128, 96U2R4FGL4 11
40 DRAW !I A1BM12 8, 9 6U2R4FGL4"
60 DRAW fi A2BM128 , 96U2R4FGL4"
80 DRAW !I A0BM128 , 96U2R4FGL4 11
90 FOR Z=l TO 200: NEXTZ , X
100 GOTO10
Listing 5:
0 ! <CROSS>
10 PMODE4 , 1 : PCLS : SCREEN1 , 1
15 FOR X=20 TO 4 STEP-3
20 DRAW"A3S=X;BM130, 94U2R4FGL4"
40 DRAW I! A1BM120 , 98U2R4FGL4"
60 DRAW"A2BM116,90U2R4FGL4"
80 DRAW lf A0BM13 4, 100U2R4FGL4 11
90 FOR Z = l TO 200: NEXTZ , X
100 GOTO10
Listing 6:
0 1 <A1>
10 PMODE4 , 1 : PCLS : SCREEN1 , 1
15 FOR X=20 TO 4 STEP-3
20 DRAW !I A3S=X;BM12 8 , 96U4R4F2G2L4
n
40 DRAWA1BM12 8, 96U4R4F2G2L4 11
60 DRAW 11 A 2 BM 12 8 , 96U4R4F2G2L4 11
80 DRAW !I A0BM12 8, 96U4R4F2G2L4 11
90 FOR Z=l TO 200: NEXTZ , X
100 GOT01J3
Listing 7:
0 f <A2>
10 PMODE4 , 1 : PCLS : SCREE Nl , 1
15 FOR X=20 TO 4 STEP-3
20 DRAW !I A3S=X; BM128 , 96U4E2F4G2L4
n
40 DRAW !? A1BM128 , 9 6U4E2 F4G2L4 11
60 DRAW !I A2BM128,96U4E2F4G2L4 !I
80 DRAW n A0BM12 8 , 9 6U4E2F4G2L4 11
90 FOR Z=l TO 200: NEXTZ , X
100 GOTO10
Listing 8:
0 ! <A3>
10 PMODE4 , 1 : PCLS : SCREEN1 , 1
15 FOR X=20 TO 4 STEP-4
20 DRAW"A3S=X;BM128 , 96U4E2BF4BG2
L4 fl
40 DRAW"A1BM128 , 96U4E2BF4BG2L4"
60 DRAW 11 A2BM12 8 , 9 6U4E2BF4BG2L4 11
80 DRAW ,I A0BM128,96U4E2BF4BG2L4 !I
90 FOR Z = l TO 200: NEXTZ , X
100 GOTO10
Listing 9:
0 ! <A4>
10 PMODE4 , 1 : PCLS : SCREEN1 , 1
11 A$= !I BM128 , 96U4R4BF4BG2L4 11
15 FOR X=20 TO 4 STEP-4
20 DRAW'»A3S=X;»+A$
40 DRAW I! A1 !I +A$
60 DRAW 11 A 2 11 +A$
80 DRAW"A0"+A$
90 FOR Z=l TO 200: NEXTZ, X
100 GOTO10
Listing li:
0 ! <A5>
10 PMODE4,l:PCLS:SCREENl, 1
15 FOR X=20 TO 4 STEP-4
16 A$="BM128,96U4R4F4G2L4 !I
20 DRAW lf A3S=X; !l +A$
40 DRAW I! A1 !I +A$
60 DRAW I! A2 !I +A$
80 DRAW f, A0 !l +A$
90 FOR Z=l TO 200: NEXTZ, X
100 GOTO10
104 THE RAINBOW June 1987
Uncompromisin g performance at an incredible price.
The Tandy
Color Computer 3
More colors, superb graphics,
greater power for only $ 219 95
—
■ 1 ■ *
t fit i i.i i i i i iT'i
■ .» ,1 .1 » J J .J I 1 I
I f I t t f 1
Our most powerful
Color Computer
Finally, the ideal computer for
your family: our most advanced
Color Computer ever. The Color
Computer 3 is great for small
business and home applications.
You get the advantages of a high-
priced computer — without the
high price!
A rainbow at your
fingertips
The Color Computer 3 fea-
tures 128K memory (expandable
to 512K), giving you greater
programming power. With the
CM-8 High-Resolution Monitor
(26-3215), you can create razor-
sharp graphics using 64 colors.
The Color Computer 3's Ex-
tended BASIC features 21 new
commands that allow you to al-
ternate screens, colors, and
backgrounds — all at a higher
resolution and with a greater va-
riety of colors than any previous
Color Computer.
Compatible and
expandable
Best of all, the new Color
Computer 3 is compatible with
software and accessories de-
signed for the Color Computer
2, including a wide selection of
educational, personal-manage-
ment and game programs. Ex-
pand with a modem or printer,
or add a disk drive to create a
sophisticated disk system and
open the door to a library of ad-
vanced disk software.
The Color Computer 3
(26-3334) is your affordable alter-
native. See it today at Radio Shack.
Send me an RSC-17B Computer Catalog
Mail To: Radio Shack, Dept. 87-A-720
300 One Tandy Cenler, Fori Worth. TX 76102
_
Address
City
Stats
Zip_
Radio /hack
Price applies at Radio Shack Computer Centers and participating stores and dealers. TU« I*** ^S^mma™
Monitor and accessories sold separately.
The Technology Store
A DIVISION OF TANDY CORPORATION
t
More Graphics
Speech
and Education
By Fred B. Scerbo
Rainbow Contributing Editor
Editor's Note: If you have an idea for
the " Wishing Well, " submit it to Fred
c/o THE RAINBOW. Remember, keep
your ideas specific, and don 7 forget that
this is BASIC. All programs resulting
from your wishes are for your use, but
remain the property of the author.
Last month we introduced a new
series of educational programs
called Knowing Your Body. That
first program, titled How Your Blood
Works, combined some classy graphics
that you might expect to find in an
expensive software package with the
added optional bonus of synthetic
speech (using Tandy's Speech/ Sound
Pak). All of these aspects were the result
of reader requests for more practical
uses of the Speech Pak, for more excit-
ing educational programs, and the
strong desire many of you still have to
Fred Scerbo is a special needs instructor
for the North Adams Public Schools in
North Adams, Massachusetts. He holds
a master's in education and has pub-
lished some of the first software avail-
able for the Color Computer through
his software firm, Illustrated Memory
Banks.
experiment with some creative graph-
ics. Therefore, this month's "Wishing
Well" offers Knowing Your Body II:
How Your Heart Works.
I mentioned I was working on a
beating heart simulation that would
knock your socks off. Well, it only made
sense to incorporate that simulation
into this series, since our first part dealt
with the blood (see last month's issue for
106
THE RAINBOW June 1987
Radio Shack has the***
♦♦♦best of everything!
Unleash the true potential of your
Color Computer with accessories
from Radio Shack.
Add a pair of joysticks (A, 26-3008,
Pair/$19.95) for fast 360° movement
or our Deluxe Joystick (B, 26-3012,
$29.95) that adjusts to your touch, al-
lowing "fine tuning". For maximum
control of games and graphics, simply
'Voll" the Color Mouse (C, 26-3025,
$49.95) across a tabletop to accu-
rately position the cursor.
Maximize your Color Computer's
power with the Multi-Pak Interface
(D, 26-3124, $99.95). You can change
programs instantly using the selector
switch, or under program control.
And you can connect disk drives or
other accessories, too.
Here are two more great-sounding
accessories! The Sound/Speech Car-
tridge (E, 26-3144, $79.95) adds
three-voice sound and text to speech.
The Orchestra-90 CC (F, 26-3143,
$79.95), lets you create electronic
music and sound effects.
The 300-baud DC Modem Pro-
gram Pak (G, 26-2228, $89.95) makes
it possible to join the telecommuni-
cations wave. Since the modem and
software are built in, you can access
information services by phone. Need
more memory? Hard disk storage is
yours with the Hard Disk Interface
(H, 26-3145, $129.95)*.
Come in to your local Radio Shack
today for the accessories that make
your Color Computer even more of a
high performer!
r
Send me an RSC-17B
Computer Catalog
Mail To Radio Shack. Dept. 87-A-721
300 One Tandy Center, Fort Worth, TX 76102
■I
Name
Address
City
State
Phone
Radio /hack
' Requires 64K, Multi-Pak Interlace, floppy disk with controller and OS-9 (2.0 or later). Prices apply at participat-
ing Radio Shack Computer Centers and participating Radio Shack stores and dealers. Orchestra-90/TM Soft-
ware Affair. 0S-9rfM Microware Corp.
The Technology Store
A DIVISION OF TANDY CORPORATION
an in-depth explanation of how these
programs work).
I have found that large print is usually
very effective in presenting material to
a student on a computer screen when
only a small amount of text is displayed .
In fact, several years ago I devised a
large text word processor for one of my
visually handicapped students that
came in quite handy since he had great
difficulty using a program like Color
Scripsit. If enough readers are inter-
ested, I may write up a new version of
that program, since it is also very useful
for small children. Let me know if it is
something you would like to see.
When Knowing Your Body was writ-
ten, I took that large-text concept one
step further by creating large-text
graphics characters in a combined
PMDDE2/ PMDDE1 graphics mode. This
allowed me to draw chunkier letters
while using just a fraction of the mem-
ory PMDDE4 would take. Also, the lower
resolution executes much more quickly.
Making Movies
I am sure that at some point in your
life, you have tried the trick of drawing
a set of pictures on the pages of a book
that you would later flip through to
show movement. This is the same tech-
nique used to show the beating of our
illustrated heart. First, the program will
PCLEflR eight pages of graphics. When
the time comes to draw the beats of our
heart, we will use three full screens
starting with pages 3 and 4, to pages 5
and 6, and finally pages 7 and 8. These
three screens we then alternately PCDPY
to pages I and 2, which are the two
pages (one screen) always displayed to
the viewer.
As these screens are copied to our
viewing screen, the viewer is given the
illusion of motion, much like a motion
picture. This differs from the technique
weused in last month's program. In that
program (Blood), we showed a white
blood cell attacking a foreign invader.
That was done by drawing the f rame out
of the user's view and then copying it to
pages 1 and 2. This is an effective means
of animation, but would not work well
with a pumping heart.
Instead, for our heart we have three
separate drawings that are not redrawn
each time we see them. They are saved
on their own screens and simply copied
to view. This allows us to get machine
language speed from BASIC, since the
PCDPY command in Extended Color
BASIC is in fact a machine language
subroutine in the CoCo's ROM. The
authors of Microsoft BASIC were wise
enough to include these hooks into
machine language speed from BASIC. I
haven't yet tried the graphics magic of
the CoCo 3, but I understand even
greater speed can be milked from BASIC
with the new commands.
Using the Program
The operation of this program is just
like last month's offering. Upon run-
ning the program, some older CoCos
may give a Syntax Error the first time
through. This is caused by the PCLEflRB
problem that later CoCo ROMs cor-
rected. Running the program again will
put everything as it should be.
You will next be shown the standard
title card, only this time the color
settings will be slightly different. You
will be asked to choose between talking
or not by pressing T or N. This program
does not need the Speech Pak by Tandy
in order to be viewed. It will not talk,
but you can still use it for other pur-
poses, such as reading and viewing the
material.
Next, either a red or blue screen will
appear. If the screen is blue, press reset
and run the program again. If it is red,
simply press ENTER to continue. If the
Speech Pak is not used, the program
will slowly pass through each screen.
You may advance to the next screen and
thus speed up the program by pressing
ENTER after you finish reading a sec-
tion. The talking mode will advance
after each line has been spoken.
At various points in the program, a
cross section of the heart will be shown.
In each case, an arrow will be inside the
chamber being described and will point
in the direction of blood flow.
Once the screen is ready for the
pumping illustration, you will be asked
to press ENTjR to start. After the illus-
tration is running, you may exit the
illustration by pressing the space bar.
You may again restart the program by
pressing ENTER.
Where Do We Go From Here?
I hope some of you can come up with
some other topics to cover in this series
(the brain, teeth, lungs, etc.). I'll need
some ideas on what will be useful topics
to cover. It will be easy to adapt this
format to educational material on any
subject. (Maybe a session on U.S.
history, including maps, would be one
area to explore.)
Until then, keep your ideas and re-
quests coming. Maybe your suggestion
will help open up a whole new world for
other CoCo users. □
r
Wf 12!
50 .
120
225
300
345
375
420
210 450 152
.31 495 225
122 520 155
.32 570 85
159 600 138
.76 670 228
166 END 244
The listing: HEART
J8 GOT0715
T
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
REM
REM
REM
REM
REM
REM
REM
REM
REM
************************
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
KNOWING YOUR BODY
HOW YOUR HEART WORKS
A GRAPHIC SIMULATION
BY FRED B.SCERBO
6)3 HARDING AVE.
NORTH ADAMS, MA )31247
COPYRIGHT (C) 1987
*
*
************************
1) 3 CLEAR1)3)3)3:CLS)3:PRINTSTRING$(3
2,156) ;
15 FORI=lT02 8 8 : READA : IFA=)3THENA=
16
2) 3 PRINTCHR$ (A+112) ; :NEXT
25 PRINTSTRING$ (32,147);
3) 3 DATA, 93, 81, 94, ,93,91,84,94,85
, 92, 92, 9)3, 93, 8)3, 85, ,85,88,92,94,
88,84,95,82,93,88,94,92,92 , 93, ,
35 DATA85, 93, 82, ,85,84,91,9)3,85,
, , 9)3 , , 9)3 , 9)3 , 9)3 , 9)3 , , , 9)3 , , , 9)3 , 93 , 8
7 , ,9)3, ,83 ,83 ,,
4) 3 DATA87, ,93,82,87, ,87,91,85,83
,83,9)3, ,85, , 85, , ,83,91,82,81,9)3,
81, 95, 82, 91, 83, 83, 86, 8)3, 8p
45 DATA18, ,18,19,19,18,18, ,17,17
,19,19,19, ,115,115,115,115, ,113,
115,115, 115,113, 115,115, 114, 113,
108
THE RAINBOW June 1987
,113, ,
50 DATA2 6 , ,26,26, ,26,26, ,21,21, ,
,21, ,117, , ,117, ,117, , ,117,117, , ,
117,117,., 117, ,
55 DATA26, ,26,26, ,26,26, ,21,21,1
6, ,21, ,,117, , ,117, ,117, , ,117,117,
, ,117,117,112,117, ,
60 DATA20, 22, 16, 26, ,26,26, ,21,21
,28,29,28, ,117,12 4,12 4, 124,125, 1
17, ,,117,117, ,,117, ,121,120, ,
65 DATA, 26, ,26, ,26,26, ,21,21, ,20
,26, ,117, , , ,117,117, , ,117,117, , ,
117,, 117,,,
70 DATA, 26, ,27,19,26,27,19,23,21
, , ,2 9,32,119,115, 115, 115,119, 117
,115,115,119, 117,115,115,118, ,11
7, ,
75 PRINT® 3 89 , " HOW YOUR HEART WO
RKS "; :PRINT@421," (T)ALKING OR
(N)OT ? ";
80 PRINT§453," BY FRED B.SCERB
0 ";
85 PRINT@485," COPYRIGHT (C) 19
87 ";
90 X$=INKEY$: IFX$="T"THEN110
95 IFX$="N"THEN105
100 GOTO90
105 NT=1
110 CLS0
115 XX=&HFF00 : YY=&HFF7E
120 POKEXX+1,52 :POKEXX+3 , 63
125 POKEXX+35,60
130 PMODE4,l:PCLSl:PMODE4,5:PCLS
1
135 DIMR(23) ,L$(26) ,Y(40) :C$(1)=
"CI" : C$ ( 2 ) =" C2 " : C$ ( 3 ) =" C3 " : C$ ( 4 )
="C4"
140 F0RI=1T02 6:READL$ (I) :NEXT
145 GOTO280
150 AA$=JK$
155 A$=STR$(A) :B$=STR$(B)
160 DRAW"BM"+A$+" , "+B$+C$ (CL)
165 IF LEN(JK$) <=21THEN185
170 FOR T=21TO0STEP-1:IF MID$ ( JK
$,T,1)=" "THEN180
175 NEXT T:GOT0185
180 L$=LEFT$ ( JK$ , T) : W$=L$ : GOSUB1
90:JK$=" "+RIGHT$(JK$, (LEN ( JK$) )
-T) :GOT0155
185 W$=JK$:B=B+14:GOSUB190:RETUR
N
190 SL=LEN(W$) :FORI=lTOSL:BB$=MI
D$(W$,I,1) :C=ASC(BB$) -64:IF C=-3
2 THEN DRAW"BR12" : GOTO 2 10
195 IF C=-18THENDRAW"BR2RBR9" :GO
TO210
200 IFC=-20THENDRAW"BR2R2D2G2E4B
R7":GOTO210
205 DRAWL$(C)
2 10 NEXTI : B=B+ 1 4 : RETURN
215 PCOPY8T06:PCOPY8T07:PMODE2,6
:PMODEl, 6: RETURN
220 IFNT=1THEN260
225 FORII=lTOLEN(AA$)
230 IF PEEK (YY) AND 128=0 THEN 2 30
235 POKEYY,ASC(MID$(AA$,II,l) )
240 NEXTII
245 IFPEEK(YY) AND128=0THEN245
250 POKEYY,13
255 F0RHH=1T01 600 :NEXTHH: RETURN
260 FORHH=1TO3000
265 X$=INKEY$: IFX$=CHR$ (13)THEN2
75
270 NEXTHH
275 RETURN
280 PMODE2 , 1 : PCLS1 : SCREEN 1 , 1: PMO
DE 1 : SCREEN1 , 1 : PCLS0 : POKE 65314,24
8
285 GOTO330
290 PM0DE2,3:PCLS1:PM0DE1,3:PCLS
295 CIRCLE(120, 98) ,66,1,1.3, .9, .
3: CIRCLE (110, 110) ,76,1,. 9,. 27,. 5
9 : DRAW"BM44 , 80C1NR8L10U2L8U2L6U2
L4H4U2H2U4G12U22": CIRCLE (0, 20) , 2
2,1,1.4, .75, .25
300 DRAW"BU70R3 6M+4 , +12D8G2 " : CIR
CLE(40,50) ,30,1,1, .75, . 1 : DRAW'BM
62 , 66ND4M+12 , -20U6R2U8R2U14L2U4N
E12G6D6NF6BL20BU4U4R2U4R2E14NR20
L24M+16,+6BR2 6R4D2R8U2M+14 ,-6R30
M-3 6 , +2 0M-6 , +8M-8 , +30M+2 0 , +7 0E4R
2F2M+2 , +2 0D2 2 " : CIRCLE ( 120 , 9 8 ) , 5 6
,1,1.3, .9, .24
305 DRAW"BL12BU2M-16,-34U4E2R4F2
M-16 , -60U6R2U6R4U2NL2U2 " : CIRCLE (
110, 110) , 66,1, .9, .25, .6:DRAW"BR6
BU10F20U2H10U6L2U14R2U6R2U6BR16B
U8D4F2R6E2U10E6R8M-4 , +16F2R2E18R
14G22F4R2E2 6R14G36D6L2D4M-3 4,+16
M+30,-4"
310 PAINT(120, 176) , 1, 1
315 DRAW'BM 5 2 , 80C1BE10E16F18E10R
10"
320 DRAW'BM 5 2 , 80C1E10BU8BR56R14"
: PAINT (40, 60) ,2,1: PAINT (150, 52) ,
3,1: PAINT ( 1 50 , 90 ) , 3 , 1 : PAINT ( 100 ,
52) ,3,1: PAINT (86, 52) ,2,1: PAINT (8
6,90) ,2,1:PAINT(62,26) ,3,1:PAINT
(56,2) ,2,1
325 RETURN
330 PCLS3:A=0:B=56:CL=4: JK$=" PR
ESS RESET AND RUN IF SCREEN IS B
LUE . " : GOSUB150 : B=B+20 : JK$=" PRES
S ENTER WHEN THE SCREEN IS RED."
:GOSUB150
June 1987 THE RAINBOW 109
335 X$=INKEY$:IFX$OCHR$(13)THEN
335
3 40 PCLS0:R=3 :BL=2
345 PM0DE2 , 6 : PM0DE1 , 6 : C0L0R2 , 3 : L
INE (0,0) -(256,48) , PRESET, BF:A=0 :
B=14:CL=4: JK$=" THE HUMAN HEART
IS ONE OF YOUR MOST IMPORTANT OR
GANS . " : GOSUB150 : PCOPY6T01 : GOSUB2
20
350 COLOR2, 3: LINE (0,54) -(256,92)
,PSET,B:B=70:A=0:CL=1: JK$=" IT I
S A VERY POWERFUL BLOOD PUMP.":G
OSUB150 : PCOPY6T01 : GOSUB22 0
355 COLOR2, 3: LINE (0,98) -(256,180
) , PSET,BF:B=114:A=0:CL=1:JK$=" I
T IS ABOUT THE SIZE OF YOUR CLOS
ED FIST AND IS JUST TO YOUR LEFT
OF CENTER INSIDE YOUR RIBS.": GO
SUB150 : PCOPY7T02 : GOSUB2 20
3 60 GOSUB215
365 COLOR3,2:LINE(0,0)-(256,48) ,
PRESET , BF : A=0 : B=14 : CL=4 : JK$=" TH
E HEART IS MADE UP OF VERY POWER
FUL MUSCLE TISSUE .": GOSUB150 : PCO
PY6T01 : PCOPY7T02 : GOSUB2 2 0
370 LINE(0, 54)-(256, 92) , PRESET, B
:B=70:A=0:CL=3: JK$=" THIS MUSCLE
FORMS FOUR CHAMBERS .": GOSUB 150 :
PCOPY6T01 : GOSUB220
375 COLOR3, 2: LINE (0,98) -(256,192
) ,PSET,BF:B=114:A=0:CL=1: JK$=" W
HEN THESE CHAMBERS CONTRACT, THE
Y SQUEEZE THE BLOOD INTO THE NEX
T CHAMBER OF YOUR HEART . " : GOSUB1
50:PCOPY7TO2 :GOSUB220
380 GOSUB215
385 COLOR3,2:LINE(0,0)-(256,48) ,
PRESET , B : A=0 : B=14 : CL=1 : JK$=" THE
BLOOD IS THEN SQUEEZED OUT INTO
ARTERIES AND VEINS .": GOSUB150 : P
COPY6T01 : PCOPY7T02 : GOSUB220
390 LINE(0, 54)-(256, 192) , PRESET,
BF:B=70:A=0:CL=4: JK$=" THE ARTER
IES CARRY BLOOD WHICH IS RICH IN
OXYGEN TO THE CELLS ALL OVER YO
UR BODY. THE VEINS CARRY BLOOD W
HICH HAS CARBON DIOXIDE IN IT BA
CK TO THE LUNGS. " : GOSUB150 : PCOPY
6T01:PCOPY7T02
395 JK$=LEFT$(JK$,121)+" DI OX I
DE IN IT . " : GOSUB2 20 : FORI=1TO1200
:NEXT
400 GOSUB215
405 COLOR2,3:LINE(0,0) -(256,48) ,
PRESET , BF : A=0 : B=14 : CL=1 : JK$=" TH
E HEART HAS TWO UPPER CHAMBERS A
ND TWO LOWER CHAMBERS . " : GOSUB150
: PCOPY6T01 : PCOPY7T02 : GOSUB220
410 LINE(0, 54)-(256, 136) , PRESET,
B:B=70:A=0:CL=2: JK$=" THE UPPER
CHAMBERS ARE CALLED AURICLES AND
THE LOWER CHAMBERS ARE CALLED V
ENTRICLES . " : GOSUB150 : PCOPY6T01 : P
COPY7T02 : GOSUB220
415 GOSUB290:PCOPY3TO6:PCOPY4TO7
:JK$=" HERE IS THE HEART . 11 : PMOD
E2 , 6 : PMODE1 , 6 : COLOR2 , 3 : LINE (0 , 17
8) -(256,192) , PRESET, BF:A=0:B=188
: CL=4 : GOSUB150 : PCOPY6T01 : PCOPY7T
02 :GOSUB220
420 GOSUB215
425 COLOR2,3:LINE(0,0) -(256,48) ,
PRESET , BF : A=0 : B=14 : CL=1 : JK$=" TH
E UPPER LEFT CHAMBER IS CALLED T
HE LEFT AURICLE. " :GOSUB150: PCOPY
6T01 : PCOPY7T02 : G0SUB2 20
430 LINE(0, 54)-(256, 134) , PRESET,
BF:B=70:A=0:CL=4: JK$=" IT PULLS
IN OXYGEN RICH BLOOD FROM THE LU
NGS THEN SQUEEZES IT INTO THE CH
AMBER BELOW . " : GOSUB150 : PC0PY6T01
: PCOPY7T02 : GOSUB220 : FORI=1TO1200
:NEXT
435 LINE(0, 140)-(256, 182) , PRESET
,B:B=B+4:A=0:CL=3:JK$=" HERE IS
A DIAGRAM OF WHERE IT IS . " : GOSUB
150 : PC0PY6T01 : PCOPY7T02 : GOSUB220
440 PCOPY3T06:PCOPY4T07
445 JK$=" THE LEFT AURICLE. " : PM
0DE2 , 6 : PM0DE1 , 6 : C0L0R2 , 3 : LINE ( 0 ,
178)-(256,192), PRESET , BF : A=0 : B=l
88 : CL=4 : GOSUB150 : GOSUB450 : PC0PY6
T01 : PCOPY7T02 : GOSUB220 : F0RI=1T01
200: NEXT :GOT0455
450 DRAW"BM130, 30C4D10L4F8E8L4U1
0L8": PAINT (132, 32) , 4 , 4 : RETURN
455 GOSUB215
460 COLOR2,3:LINE(0,0) -(256,48) ,
PRESET, B:A=0:B=14:CL=l:JK$=" THE
LOWER LEFT CHAMBER IS CALLED TH
E LEFT VENTRICLE. ": GOSUB 150: PCOP
Y6T01 : PCOPY7T02 : G0SUB2 20
465 LINE(0, 54)-(256, 134) , PRESET,
BF:B=70:A=0:CL=1: JK$=" IT PUSHES
THIS OXYGEN RICH BLOOD UP INTO
THE AORTA, WHICH IS THE LARGEST
ARTERY . " : GOSUB150 : PC0PY6T01 : PCOP
Y7TO2:GOSUB220
470 LINE (0, 140) -(256, 182) , PRESET
,B:B=B+4:A=0:CL=3: JK$=" HERE IS
A DIAGRAM OF WHERE IT IS.": GOSUB
150 : PC0PY6T01 : PCOPY7T02 : GOSUB220
475 PCOPY3T06:PCOPY4T07
480 JK$=" THE LEFT VENTRICLE .": P
M0DE2 , 6 : PM0DE1 , 6 : C0L0R2 , 3 : LINE (0
,178) -(256, 192) , PRESET , BF : A=0 : B=
110 THE RAINBOW June 1987
ECTOR
S-69B
VIDEO
DIGITIZER
FOR THE
COCO 3
USE YOUR COCO 3 TO ITS FULL POTENTIAL!
Use The Micro Works' DIGISECTOR™ DS-69 or
DS-69B and your COCO 3's high resolution graphics
to capture and display television pictures from your
VCR or video camera. The DIGISECTOR™ systems are
the only COCO video digitizers available that
accurately capture and reproduce the subtle shades of
gray in TV pictures!
• COLOR: Add color to your screen for dramatic
special effects.
• HIGH RESOLUTION: 256 by 256 spatial resolution.
• PRECISION: 64 levels of grey scale.
• SPEED! 8 images per second on DS-69B,
2 images per second DS-69.
• COMPACTNESS: Self contained in a plug-in
Rompack.
• EASY TO USE: Software on disk will get you up and
running fast!
• COMPATIBLE: Use with a black and white or color
camera, a VCR or tuner
• INEXPENSIVE: Our low price puts this within
everyone's reach.
POWERFUL C-SEE 3.3 SOFTWARE
This menu-driven software
will provide 5 and 16 shades
of gray to the screen and to
the printer with simple
joystick control of
brightness and contrast.
Pictures taken by the
DIGISECTOR™ may be
saved on disk by C-SEE 3.3
and then edited by our
optional MAGIGRAPH, or by COCO MAX or
GRAPHICOM. This versatile new software is included
in both DIGISECTORS™
DS-69B and C-SEE 3.3
DS-69 and C-SEE 3.3
$149.95
$ 99.95
TRADE IN YOUR OLD DIGISECTOR™
If you already have one of The Micro Works' DS-69 or
DS-69A DIGISECTORS™, you may return it to us and
we will upgrade your unit to a DS-69B.
UPGRADE DS-69A to DS-69B
UPGRADE DS-69 to DS-69B
$49.95
$69.95
The DS-69B comes with a one year warranty. Cameras
and other accessories are available from The Micro
Works.
NO RISK GUARANTEE
If you are not completely satisfied with the performance of your new
DS-69B, you may return it, undamaged, within ten days for a full
refund of the purchase price. We'll even pay the return shipping. If
you canget any of our competitors to give you the same guarantee,
buy both and return the one you don't like. We know which one
you'll keep.
COCO 3 SCREEN
P.O. Box 1110 Del Mar, CA 92014 (619) 942-2400
188 : CL=4 : GOSUB150 : GOSUB485 : PCOPY
6T01 : PCOPY7T02 : GOSUB220 : GOTO490 :
FORI=1TO1200 : NEXT
485 DRAWBM132 , 76C4D14H16E4L12D1
2E4F2 8U3 0L6" : PAINT (134,78) ,4,4:R
ETURN
490 PCOPY6T05 : PCOPY7T08 : PMODE2 , 6
:PM0DE1,6:PCLS4
495 COLOR2, 3: LINE (0,0) -(256,106)
, PRESET , B : A=0 : B=14 : CL=2 : JK$=" IN
THAT LAST DIAGRAM, THE ARROW WA
S INSIDE THE LEFT VENTRICLE AND
WAS POINTING TO THE AORTA WHICH
IS THE RED ARTERY ABOVE . " : GOSUB1
50 : PCOPY6T01 : PCOPY7T02 : GOSUB220 :
FORI=1TO1200 : NEXT
500 COLOR3,2:LINE(0,112)-(256,19
2) , PRESET, B:A=0:B=B+12: :CL=3: JK$
=" HERE IS THAT DIAGRAM ONCE MOR
E FOR YOU TO LOOK AT. 11 : GOSUB150 :
PCOPY 6T01 : PCOPY7T02 : GOSUB2 20
505 PCOPY5T01:PCOPY8T02: JK$=" TH
E ARROW IS POINTING TO THE A ORT
A. ":GOSUB220
510 PM0DE2,6:PM0DE1,6:PCLS4:PC0P
Y7T08
515 COLOR3, 2: LINE (0,0) -(256,106)
, PRESET, B:A=0:B=14:CL=3:JK$=" TH
E BLOOD TRAVELS FROM THE AORTA T
0 ALL PARTS OF THE BODY, BRINGIN
G OXYGEN TO THE CELLS AND PICKIN
G UP CARBON DIOXIDE. " :GOSUB150:P
COPY6T01 : PCOPY7T02 : GOSUB2 20 : FORI
=1TO1200:NEXT
520 LINE(0, 112) -(256, 192) , PRESET
,BF:A=0:B=B+12 : :CL=4: JK$=" THE B
Him . .
Bug-Tracking Lowdown
OK, you typed the long listing in and saved it, but,
when you entered RUN, it bombed out. So you go to
the line the error message specifies and check it out.
It looks all right, but you retype the line anyway. Upon
typing RUN, the program dies again in the same place.
What is going on? Your CoCo can certainly see a
problem that you cannot.
While this is very frustrating, keep in mind most
"out of data" (?OD) and function call (?FC) Errors
do not occur in the line the computer reports to you.
Though the errors are actually located elsewhere, the
computer only realized your mistake when it reached
the reported line. At this point, you need to check the
data lines and string assignments involved in the line
in question. For the complete lowdown on these
errors, ref er to "Escape From the Bug Zone" (January
1987, Page 58).
LOOD THEN GOES BACK TO THE HEART
THROUGH THE VEINS .": GOSUB150 : PC
OPY6T01 : PCOPY7T02 : GOSUB2 20
525 GOSUB215
530 COLOR1,2:LINE(0,0)-(256,106)
, PSET , BF : A=0 : B=14 : CL=3 : JK$=" THI
S DARKER BLUE COLORED BLOOD EMPT
IES INTO THE RIGHT AURICLE OF TH
E HEART BY WAY OF VEINS CALLED T
HE VENA CAVA . " : GOSUB150 : PCOPY6TO
l:PCOPY7T02
535 JK$=LEFT$(JK$, 102)+"VEE NA C
AVA":GOSUB220
540 LINE(0, 112)-(256, 192) , PRESET
,B:A=0:B=B+12: :CL=2: JK$=" THE AR
ROW IS INSIDE THE RIGHT AURICLE
IN THIS DIAGRAM. ":GOSUB150: PCOPY
6T01 : PCOPY7T02 : GOSUB220 : FORI=lTO
1200: NEXT
545 GOSUB215:PCOPY3T06:PCOPY4T07
550 JK$=" THE RIGHT AURICLE." :P
MODE 2 , 6 : PMODE1 , 6 : COLOR2 , 3 : LINE (0
, 178) - (256 , 192 ) , PRESET, BF : A=0 : B=
188 : CL=4 : GOSUB150 : GOSUB555 : PCOPY
6T01 : PCOPY7T02 : GOSUB2 20 : GOTO560
555 DRAW " BM2 2 , 44C4F10G4R18U18G4H
10G8":PAINT(28,44) ,4,4:RETURN
560 GOSUB215
565 COLOR1,2:LINE(0,0) -(256, 106)
,PSET,B:A=0:B=14:CL=2:JK$=" THE
BLOOD IS THEN PUSHED DOWN INTO T
HE RIGHT VENTRICLE BELOW WHERE I
T IS THEN PUSHED UP INTO A LARGE
VEIN LOCATED ABOVE .": GOSUB150 : P
COPY6T01 : PCOPY7T02 : GOSUB220 : FORI
=1TO1200:NEXT
570 LINE(0, 112)-(256, 192) , PRESET
,B:A=0:B=B+12: :CL=3:JK$=" THE AR
ROW IS INSIDE THE RIGHT VENTRICL
E IN THIS DIAGRAM. ": GOSUB 150: PCO
PY6T01 : PCOPY7T02 : GOSUB220 : FORI=l
TO1200:NEXT
575 GOSUB215:PCOPY3T06:PCOPY4T07
580 JK$=" THE RIGHT VENTRICLE.":
PMODE2 , 6 : PMODE1 , 6 : COLOR2 , 3 : LINE (
0,178) -(256,192) , PRESET , BF : A=0 : B
=188 : CL=4 : GOSUB150 : GOSUB58 5 : PCOP
Y6T01 : PCOPY7T02 : GOSUB220 : GOTO590
585 DRAW " BM7 6 , 74C4G8R4D16H6G4F12
R6U2 6R4H8 " : PAINT (76, 78), 4, 4: RETU
RN
590 GOSUB215:COLOR2,3:LINE(0,0)-
(256,48) , PRESET, B:A=0:B=14:CL=1:
JK$=" WE WILL NOW WATCH THE HEAR
T AS IT PUMPS THE BLOOD .": GOSUB1
50 : PCOPY 6 TO 1 : PCOPY7T02 : GOSUB22 0
595 LINE(0, 54)-(256, 134) , PRESET,
BF:B=70:A=0:CL=l: JK$=" PRESS THE
112 THERAINBOW June 1987
ENTER KEY TO START THE PUMPING
AND PRESS THE SPACEBAR TO STOP I
T. " :GOSUB150:PCOPY6TO1:PCOPY7TO2
:GOSUB220
6pj5 X$=INKEY$:IFX$OCHR$(13)THEN
605 PMODE2,5:PCLSl:PMODEl,5:PCLS
fix POKE65314 , 248 : PCOPY3T05 : PCOPY4
TO 6
610 CIRCLE(12j3, 98) ,58,4,1.3, .9, .
3: CIRCLE (110, 110) ,70, 4,. 9,. 27,. 5
9:DRAW"BM44,82C4NR8L10BM+130,-30
E10": PAINT (122, 178) ,4,4
615 CIRCLE(120, 94) ,48,1,1.3, .9, .
3: CIRCLE (110, 106) ,58,1, .9, .27, .5
9 : DRAWBM60 , 82C1U10" : PAINT ( 104 , 1
60) ,1,1:PAINT(126,160) ,1,1
620 PCOPY5T07:PCOPY6T08
625 GOSUB585:GOSUB485
630 PMODE2,7:PMODEl,7:POKE65314,
248 : DRAWBM84 , 48C4M+8 , -26NG8M+3 ,
+10BL26H10U2E10ND6NL6"
635 PMODE2,3:PMODEl,3:POKE65314,
248 : GOSUB555 : GOSUB450
640 PMODE2,l:SCREENl,l:PMODEl,l:
SCREEN1 , 1 : POKE 65314,248
645 PCOPY3T01:PCOPY4T02
650 FORI=1TO100:NEXTI
655 PCOPY5T01:PCOPY6T02
660 FORI=1TO100:NEXTI
665 PCOPY7T01:PCOPY8T02
670 FORI=1TO100:NEXTI
675 X$=INKEY$:IFX$=" "THEN685
680 GOT0645
685 PM0DE2,6:PM0DE1,6:PCLS4
690 B=170:CL=1: JK$=" PRESS ENTER
TO RETURN TO START .": GOSUB150 : P
COPY6T01 : PCOPY7T02
695 DATA U6E2R2F2D2NL4D4BR6 , U8R4
F2G2NL4F2G2NL4BR8 , U8R4BD8NL4BR6 ,
U8R4F2D4G2NL4BR8 , U8NR4D4NR4D4R4B
R6 ,U8NR4D4NR4D4BR10 ,U8R6BD4NL2D4
NL4BR6,U4NU4R6U4D8BR6
700 DATA R2U8L2R4L2D8R2BR6,NU4R4
U8L4R6BD8BR6 , U8D4R2NE4F4BR6 , NU8R
4BR6,U8F4E4D8BR6,U8F6NU6D2BR6,U8
R6D8NL6BR6,U8R6D4L6D4BR12 ,U8R6D8
NL6NH4NF2BR6
705 DATA U8R6D4L4F4BR6,R6U4L6U4R
6BD8BR6 , BR4U8 L4R8 BD8 BR6 , NU8R6NU8
BR6 , BU8D4F4E4U4BD8BR6 , NU8R4NU6R4
NU8BR6 , E8G4H4F8BR6 , BU8 D2F4ND2E4U
2BD8BR6 , NR8E8NL8BD8BR6
710 IFINKEY$=CHR$ ( 13 ) THEN RUN EL
SE710
715 PCLEAR8:RUN1 /R\
SPECIAL DEAL ON
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RAINBOW
CERTIFICATION
UAL
Available on COCO 1. 2 and 3!
All Programs Include Documentation 1
I MasterCard I
T & D SUBSCRIPTION SOFTWARE, 2490 MILES STANDISH DR., HOLLAND, Ml 49424 (616) 399-9648
June 1987 THE RAINBOW 113
MUSIC
32K
ECB
The CoCo
Composer
By Harold Nickel
Having little musical background (one summer bang-
ing on an old upright), I wanted Piano to be simple
and fun. The programs I had seen were not only
beyond my present capabilities, but beyond capabilities I
cared to develop. They all seemed bent on teaching me to
write musical scores.
Piano is played using the computer keyboard as you
would a two-level organ keyboard. It can store a song to
be replayed one to nine times. It allows you to edit a song
(for those of us who need a little help in getting it right).
And, it lets you save your work on tape for posterity.
On running the program, you first see the title screen
followed by a demonstration of the piano as it is initialized.
The next screen is the main menu. It displays the highest
Harold Nickel lives in southern Massachusetts with his wife
and three children. He has worked with micros and
mainframes for more than nine years developing
educational and business applications.
114
THE RAINBOW June 1987
level commands: Play, Replay, Edit,
Save, Get and Quit. I call these modes.
To select a mode, press the first letter
of the mode name. As with most of the
commands in this program, you need
not use ENTER. The only time you must
use ENTER is when a message prompts
you for information (such as the song
name in the Save mode). Using ENTER
at other times will simply be interpreted
as an incorrect selection.
There are two ways to move between
modes. You can use the ? to return to
the main menu and make a new selec-
tion. Or you can use the = followed by
the letter of the mode you want. The
second method bypasses the menu
display.
Besides modes, you will notice ?, *,
SHIFT / CLERR, and SPfiCE listed on the
main menu. These are the most com-
monly used second level commands, or
options. They are included as a quick
referenceaid but are not active whilethe
menu is displayed.
Screens
Each mode can be identified by its
particular screen. There are two kinds
of screens: text and graphics. Text
screens are used to prompt for messages
and vary between modes. The graphics
screen is the one you see demonstrated
on first running Piano. It displays a
baby grand piano as its main feature
(Figure 1).
P R
\ K
\
iilip
ill II
III
I I ■■ il 11 >■ ■
II
Figure 1: Main Graphic Screen
The text screens are used in the Save,
Get, Quit and Edit modes. Save and Get
messages prompt you to enter song
names. Quit displays a sign-off message
and then ends the program. While Edit
mode does not use the text screen for
its main screen, it does use it for an
option.
The basic graphics screen is used in
the Play, Replay and Edit modes. Be-
sides ,the piano, it displays four letters
(P, R, E and K) clustered in the upper-
middle and has two lines at the bottom.
The four letters are circled to indicate
active options. The first three are for the
Play, Replay, or Edit modes, respec-
tively. The K is for the Keep option.
When active, Piano stores the notes you
play in memory. Keep is toggled on and
off using the * in either the Play or Edit
modes.
Thetwo lines belowthe pianoarealso
indicators. The short line directly below
the fifth white key from the left marks
middle C. The long line below it is a
storage indicator. It shows the amount
of space still available to keep notes.
(Piano has room for over 2,500 notes.)
As you play notes with the Keep option
on, this line will change color from left
to right. It is also used in the Replay and
Edit modes to mark the currently active
note.
Modes and Options
In the Play mode, you use the com-
puter's keyboard as piano keys. The top
and third rows control the black notes.
The second and bottom rows control
the white notes. The space bar is used
to insert a pause, or rest, for the length
of one note so you can add meter to
your songs. You will notice that not all
the keys in the top and third rows
correspond to a black note. This reflects
the notes missing from a piano key-
board, such as B#.
There are two options available in the
Play mode: Keep and Clear. With Keep
on (set with the *) any valid note you
play, including rests, will be added to
the end of thesong currently stored. The
Clear option erases any song currently
stored. To use Clear, hold down the
SHIFT key and push CLEAR.
In Replay mode, the song currently
stored will be played back to you.
Pressing a number from 1 to 9 will play
the song that number of times. Other
keys, except ? and =, will play it once.
Using the space bar will pause playing
until you once again press a key.
The Save mode lets you record your
song on tape. Using a text screen, you
can enter the name of the song. The
name can be any combination of eight
characters, except ? or =. You can also
specify a song already on tape for the
new song to be positioned after. If you
do not enter an "after" name, the song
will be saved at the current tape posi-
tion. In either case, you will be prompt-
ed when to set the recorder to play and
record.
Get uses a text screen to request the
name of a song to retrieve from tape. It
will also prompt you to set your re-
corder to play. The song gotten from
tape will replace any song currently
stored.
Quit displays an exit message and
ends the program. Once you quit Piano,
you must run it from the beginning to
play again. Any song not on tape is lost.
The Edit Mode
The Edit mode uses a variation on the
basic graphics screen (Figure 2). Be-
Figure 2: Edit Graphic Screen
cause you must point to the position of
one particular note while editing, a
second storage scale has been added on
the right of the screen. This scale mag-
nifies portions of the storage indicator
in groups of one hundred notes (about
one key's width on the bottom scale). As
you move through the song in Edit, the
bottom scale shows the general location
and the side scale the exact note in the
group. When you go beyond the last
note in the current group, it will be
replaced by the next group of one
hundred.
There are two ways to move to a note
in Edit. You can move one note at a
time, or you can move directly to the
note. To move one note at a time, hold
down the left or right arrow key. Each
note will play in the order indicated by
the arrow used until the key is released.
This method also provides wrap-
around; that is, with the right arrow, the
first note follows the last and with the
left arrow, the last follows the first.
To go d irectly to a note, use the # sign.
A textscreen will let you enter the note's
number. If that note exists, you will be
moved directly there. If not, an error
message is displayed. Entering no
number returns you to the graphics
screen with no change in position.
Once you are positioned at a note,
you can change it, erase it, or add a new
note after it. You change a note by
June 1987 THE RAINBOW 115
turning the Keep option on (using the
*) and playing the new note. The current
note is repJaced and you are moved to
the next note. Without Keep on, playing
notes will not affect stored notes. This
way you can practice bef ore changing or
adding notes.
Erasing notes is done with the down
arrow. Using the down arrow alone
erases one note. Holding down the
SHIFT and pushing the down arrow
erases all notes from the current posi-
tion to the end of the song.
To add a note, use the up arrow and
follow it with a valid note key. The note
will be added after the current position.
As with the down arrow, you can use
the up arrow with the SHIFT key. In this
case, all valid notes will be added until
the up arrow is pressed again (similar to
how CAPS LOCK works on a typewriter).
I had fun writing Piano, and I enjoy
playing with it, even though others
sometimes have difficulty guessing what
songs I'm playing. To assist in using this
program, I have included a Quick
Reference Guide to the commands
(Figure 3), For those who want to
analyze the code, I have also included
an outline of the program routines in
Figure 4. I hope Piano provides you
with as much enjoyment as it has
me. □
Lines
Description
Quick Reference Sheet
MODE
OPTION DESCRIPTION
All Modes
(?) Returnsto Menu
(=) (mode key) Goes to indicated Mode
PLAY
(*) On/Off switch for Keep
(SHIFT) (CLEAR) Erase currently kept song
(SPACE) Play a rest (1 note pause)
other keys Plays corresponding notes
REPLAY
(0) to (9) Replays song the selected times
(SPACE) Pauses Replaying (any key restarts)
other keys Starts 1 Replay
EDIT
(#) Select current note number
right arrow Move note pointer forward
left arrow Move note pointer backward
up arrow Insert 1 note after current
(SHIFT) up Insert until up arrow pushed
down arrow Erase current note
(SHIFT) down Erase from current to end of song
(*) On/Off switch for Keep
valid note key If Keep On, replace current note and move
or (SPACE) pointer to next note
SAVE
name (ENTER) 1-8 character name for song
'AFTER' name Name of song it will follow
GET
name (ENTER) 1-8 character name of song
QUIT Exits PIANO
001
002-009
010-017
020-054
060-088
090-091
100-136
150-199
200-242
300-341
400-497
500-545
600-625
900-960
1000-1123
Program Name
Display Title Screen
Reserve Memory
010 Reserve Graphics Area
011-017 Initialize Variables
Store Table Values
020-022 Piano String Lengths
030-032 Color of Piano Keys
040-042 Piano Key Note Values
050-054 Piano Key to Keyboard Key Relationships
Draw Piano Graphics Screen
060-064 Outline the Piano
070-074 Draw and Play White Keys
075-079 Draw Mode Letters
080-084 Draw and Play Black Keys
085-088 Draw Middle 'C and Note Storage Lines
Reset Note Duration from Demo to Normal Length
Display Main Menu
Get and Process Mode Selection
PLAY Mode Routines
REPLAY Mode Routines
EDIT Mode Routines
SAVE Mode Routines
GET Mode Routines
QUIT (Exit) Routines
Common Subroutines
1000-1099 Play One Note
1100-1123 Messages
Figure 3: PIANO Commands
Figure 4: PIANO Code Outline
CORRECTIONS
"Tracking the Tempest" (April 1987,
Page 26): H.G. Williamson wrote to
warn us of an error in the review section '
of Hurricane Tracker. Line 485 contains
an incorrect reference to the cell (N,2)
of the DS array. The corrected line
appears below.
485 PRINTD$ (N,0)TAB(6) D$(N / 1) ;TA
B(ll)D$(N / 2) ;TAB(17)D$ (N,3) ;TAB(
22)D$(N,4) ;TAB(27)D$(N,5)
a
The Tournament Master" (April
1987, Page 120): Richard Steinbrueck
tells us of an error in his program,
RNDRDBIN. To correct the problem, first
retype Line 50, but number it as Line
507. Then delete the original Line 50.
This will correct a problem with the TfiB
function, which occurred if the sum-
mary sheet was printed before the
competition assignment sheets.
"Fast Relief for Tape-Loading Head-
aches" (February 1987, Page 182): Due
to a production error, part of Line 82
in the listing of TAPE DDC is missing. The
entire line appears below.
82 DATA 9F,76,9E,F3,86,9F,A7,80,
9F, F3 , 9E,7 6,3 9:FORX=0 TO 12: READ
R$:POKE&H9F00+X, ( VAL ( » &H'*+R$ ) ) :
NEXT : 1 routine to put white squar
e
For quicker reference, Corrections
will be posted on Delphi as soon as they
are available in the Info on Rainbow
topic area of the database. Just type
DATA at the CoCo SIG> prompt and
INFO at the TOPIC> prompt.
116
THE RAINBOW
June 1987
Pro-Coloh
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screen, Send information directly into a DynacalcP compati-
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you to write a letter and have names from your database
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Pro-Color-Dir Read the directory of all your diskettes and
create a data file that can be accessed by Pro-Color-File
Store up to 1,000 entries on one diskette and generate a
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library. Included FREE with Pro-Color-Forms.
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41 .
73 .
100
162
310
410
425
147
443
169
Zoo
4y i . . .
. . . Zoo
158
523
85
12
620
225
149
1000
92
10
END
131
68
1
The listing: PIANO
1 1 PIANO
2 CLS:PRINT@203 , "P IAN 0":PRIN
T@235, " " :PRINT@3 3 5 , "BY"
: PRINT@363 , "H. NICKEL"
10 PCLEAR 4
11 DIM L(4l) ,C(41) ,N(41) ,K(122) ,
NS(2520)
12 DIM I$(0) ,F$(0) ,S$(0)
13 DIM KF(0) ,LP(0) ,CP(0) ,XP(0)
14 DIM 1(0) ,S(0) ,T(0) ,X(0) ,Y(0)
15 NS (0)=0
16 KF=1:LP=0:CP=0:XP=0
17 S=0 :T=1
20 1 SET STRING LENGTHS
21 DATA 3,3,4,5,6,7,8,1)3,12,15,1
8,22,27,33,4)3,48,56,63,69,74,78,
81,84,86,88,9)3,91,92,92,93,94,95
,97,99,101,104,1)38,112,117,12 3,1
30
22 FOR 1=1 TO 4 1 : READ S:L(I)=S:N
EXT
30 1 SET KEY COLORS
31 DATA2,4,2,4,2,4,2,0,2,4,2,4,2
,0,2,4,2,4,2,4,2,0,2,4,2,4,2,0,2
,4,2,4,2,4,2,0,2,4,2,4,2
32 FOR 1=1 TO 4 1 : READ S:C(I)=S:N
EXT
40 'SET KEY NOTES
41 DATA5, 19, 32, 45, 58, 69, 78, 0,89,
99,108,117,12 5,0,13 3,140,147,153
,159,165,170,0, 17 6,180,185,189,1
93,0, 197,200,204,20-7,210,213,216
,0,218,221,223,225,227
42 FOR 1=1 TO 4 1 : READ S:N(I)=S:N
EXT
50 'SET KEYBOARD/KEY RELATIONSHI
PS
51 DATA 37,100,39,41,18,100,2,4,
6 , 100 , 10 , 12 , 100 , 16 , 20 , 40 , 100 , 100
,100,100,21,100,31,27,26,5,100,3
0,32,15,34,100,38,35,33,17,19,1,
7,24,9,13,29,3,25,11,23
5 2 FOR 1=1 TO 122:K(I)=100:NEXT
53 FOR 1=44 TO 90: READ S:K(I)=S:
NEXT
54 K(32)=0
60 'OUTLINE PIANO
61 PMODE 3,1:PCLS:SCREEN 1,0
118 THE RAINBOW June 1987
62 LINE(2,188) -(2,1) ,PSET:LINE -
(4,1) ,PSET
63 FOR 1=1 TO 41: LINE -((1*6) +2,
L(I) -2) ,PSET:NEXT
64 LINE -(254,148) , PSET : LINE -(2
54, 188) ,PSET
70 1 DRAW WHITE KEYS
71 COLOR 2,3
72 FOR 1=1 TO 41 STEP 2
73 LINE((I*6)-2,161)-( (I*6)+6,18
7) ,PSET,BF:GOSUB 1001
74 NEXT
75 ' DRAW MODE LETTERS
76 LINE (112 , lp) - (112 , 16) ,PSET:LI
NE(114,ip)-(116,12) ,PSET:LINE(11
6,12)-(114,14) ,PSET
77 LINE(132,1P) -(132,16) ,PSET:LI
NE(134,1J3)-(136,12) , PSET : LINE (13
6,12) - (134, 14) , PSET: LINE (132, 13)
(136, 16) ,PSET
8 LINE ( 152, 10) -( 152,1 6) , PSET: LI
82 FOR 1=2 TO 4J3 STEP 2
83 IF C(I)=j3 THEN GOTO 84 ELSE L
INE( (1*6) -2, 161) -( (1*6) +6, 17 9) ,P
SET,BF:GOSUB Iflpl
84 NEXT
ENE MIDDLE C
,188) -(60 f 188) , PSET: LI
NE(52,189)-(6j3,189) , PSET
87 'DRAW STORAGE LINE INDICATOR
88 LINE(4, 191)-(255, 191) , PRESET
90 'SET NOTE LENGTH
91 T=3
100 'PRINT MENU
101 CLS: SCREEN 0,1
110 PRINT"
111 PRINT"
112 PRINT
120 PRINT"
121 PRINT"
ONG"
MENU"
P - PLAY PIANO"
R - REPLAY THE
WIN \J
122 PRINT" E - EDIT THE
123 PRINT"
ON TAPE"
124 PRINT"
ROM TAPE"
130 PRINT
131 PRINT"
II
SON
- SAVE A SONG
- GET A SONG F
Q -
QUIT PLAYING
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Requirements: a Coco or Coco IT
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(Disk Ext. BASIC 1.0/l.l.ADOS, or
JDOS). Printer* supported include-
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June 1987 THE RAINBOW 119
132 PRINT" ? - MENU"
133 PRINT
134 PRINT" (SHIFT) (*) - KEEP
SWITCH"
135 PRINT" (SHIFT) (CLEAR) - ERAS
E NOTES"
136 PRINT" ( SPACE ) - PAUS
E / REST"
15 0
I$=
=INKEY$
:IF 1$
= iim THEN
150
160
IF
1$='
ipn
THEN
GOTO
201
161
IF
1$='
i R n
THEN
GOTO
301
162
IF
1$='
•E"
THEN
GOTO
401
163
IF
1$='
•S"
THEN
GOTO
501
164
IF
1$='
•G"
THEN
GOTO
601
165
IF
1$='
IQII
THEN
GOTO
901
166
IF
1$='
•
THEN
GOTO
101
167
IF
1$='
'M"
THEN
GOTO
101
199
GOTO 150
200 'PLAY PIANO
201 SCREEN 1,0: CIRCLE (114,13) ,9
,0
210 I$=INKEY$:IF 1$="" THEN GOTO
210
220 I=K(ASC(I$) )
221 IF K100 THEN GOSUB 1001 ELS
E GOTO 240
230 IF KF=0 THEN IF LP=2520 THEN
GOSUB 1121 ELSE PSET ( INT ( LP/10)
+4,191,2) :LP=LP+1:NS(LP)=I
231 GOTO 210
240 IF 1$="*" THEN KF= (KF+1) - (2*
KF) : CIRCLE ( 134 , 65) ,9,KF:GOTO 210
241 IF ASC(I$)=92 THEN LP=0 : CP=0
: LINE (4, 191) -(255, 191) , PRESET: GO
TO 210
242 IF I$<>"?" AND I$<>"=" THEN
GOTO 210 ELSE CIRCLE ( 114 , 13 ) , 9 , 1
:IF 1$="?" THEN GOTO 101 ELSE GO
TO 150
300 'REPLAY SONG
301 SCREEN 1,0:CIRCLE(134,13) ,9,
0
310 CP=0:XP=1:S=1
320 I$=INKEY$:IF 1$="" THEN GOTO
320
321 IF I$>"/" THEN IF I$<" : " THE
N S=VAL(I$)
322 IF 1$="?" OR 1$="=" THEN CIR
CLE (134, 13) ,9,1: IF 1$="?" THEN G
OTO 101 ELSE GOTO 150
330 IF XP>S THEN GOTO 310
331 IF CP<LP THEN PSET ( INT (CP/ 10
) +4, 191, 4) ELSE XP=XP+1:CP=0:GOT
0 340
332 CP=CP+1:I=NS (CP) : GOSUB 1001:
PSET (INT ( (CP-1J/10) +4,191,2)
340 I$=INKEY$:IF 1$="" THEN GOTO
330
341 IF I$=" " THEN GOTO 320 ELSE
GOTO 3 21
400 'EDIT SONG
401 SCREEN 1,0: CIRCLE (154 , 13) ,9,
0
402 LINE(254,1) -(254,120) , PRESET
:FOR S=l TO 101 STEP 20: LINE (250
,S) -(252,S) , PRESET: PSET (2 52, S+5,
3) :PSET(252,S+10,3) : PSET (252 , S+l
5,3) : NEXT
403 XP=1:IF CP>0 THEN GOSUB 490
ELSE IF LP>0 THEN CP=1: GOSUB 490
410 I$=INKEY$:IF 1$="" THEN GOTO
410
411 IF I$="#" THEN IF LP=0 THEN
GOTO 495 ELSE GOTO 420
412 IF ASC(I$)=8 OR ASC(I$)=9 TH
EN IF LP=0 THEN GOTO 495 ELSE S=
335+ASC(I$) :GOTO 430
413 IF 1$="*" THEN KF= (KF+ 1) - (2 *
KF) : CIRCLE (134, 65) ,9, KF: GOTO 410
414 IF ASC(I$)=10 THEN IF LP>0 T
HEN GOTO 440 ELSE GOTO 495
415 IF ASC(I$)=91 THEN IF LP>0 T
HEN GOTO 450 ELSE GOTO 495
416 IF ASC(I$)=94 THEN GOSUB 470
:GOTO 410
417 IF ASC(I$)=95 THEN GOSUB 460
:GOTO 410
418 I=K(ASC(I$) ) :IF K100 THEN I
F KF=0 THEN GOTO 480 ELSE GOSUB
1001
419 IF I$<>"?" AND I$<>"=" THEN
GOTO 410 ELSE COLOR 1,3: LINE (250
,1)- (254, 120) , PSET, BF: CIRCLE (154
,13),9,1:IF 1$="?" THEN GOTO 101
ELSE GOTO 150
420 CLS
421 PRINT@160, "" : INPUT"ENTER THE
NOTE NUMBER" ; 1$
422 IF I$<>"" THEN X=0 ELSE SCRE
EN 1,0: GOTO 410
423 FOR S=0 TO LEN(I$)-1
424 IF ASC(RIGHT$ (I$,LEN(I$) -S) )
<48 OR ASC(RIGHT$ (I$,LEN(I$) -S) )
>57 THEN X=l
425 NEXT
426 IF X=l THEN GOTO 4 28 ELSE IF
VAL(I$)>LP THEN GOTO 42 8 ELSE C
P=VAL ( I $): SCREEN 1,0: IF CP=0 THE
N PSET (2 54, XP, 3) : GOTO 410
427 GOSUB 490: GOTO 410
428 CLS : PRINT@256 ,"*************
A*****************": PRINT "*NUMBE
RS MUST BE FROM 0 TO" ; LP: PRINT© 3
120 THE RAINBOW June 1987
18 , : PRINT 11 *******************
**************
SOUND 5, 5: GOTO 421
IF CP=j3 THEN CP=1
GOSUB 490
IF PEEK(S)<>247 THEN GOTO 41
IF CP<
IF CP>
ELSE I
429
430
431
432
433 IF S=343 THEN CP=CP-1
1 THEN CP=LP
434 IF S=3 44 THEN CP=CP+1
LP THEN CP=1
435 GOTO 431
440 IF CP=P THEN GOTO 410
F CP=LP THEN GOTO 450
441 FOR S=CP+1 TO LP : NS ( S-l) =NS (
S) :NEXT:LP=LP-1
442 IF INT ( (LP-1)/10) <INT (LP/10)
THEN PSET (INT (LP/10) +4 ,191, 3)
443 GOSUB 490
444 GOTO 410
450 IF CP=0 THEN LP=CP ELSE CP=C
P-1:LP=CP
451 IF LP<1 THEN LINE ( 4 , 19 1 ) - ( 2 5
5, 191) , PRESET ELSE IF LP<2501 TH
EN LINE (INT ( (LP-1) /10 ) +4 , 191) - ( 2
55, 191) , PRESET
452 IF LP>0 THEN GOSUB 490 ELSE
PSET(254, 120,3)
453 GOTO 410
4 60 GOSUB 470
461 IF ASC(I$)=94 THEN RETURN EL
SE GOTO 4 60
470 I$=INKEY$:IF 1$="" THEN GOTO
470 ELSE IF K (ASC (1$) ) >99 THEN
RETURN
471 CP=CP+1 : LP=LP+1
472 IF CP<LP THEN FOR S=LP TO CP
+1 STEP -1 : NS (S ) =NS (S-l) :NEXT
473 NS (CP) =K ( ASC (1$ ) ) : PSET (INT ( (
LP-l)/10)+4 , 191, 2) :GOSUB 490
474 RETURN
480 IF CP>0 THEN NS (CP) =K (ASC (1$
) ) : GOSUB 490
481 CP=CP+1:IF CP>LP THEN CP=1
482 PSET(254,XP,3) : XP=121- (CP- (I
NT ( (CP-1)/120) *120) ) :PSET(2 54,XP
,2)
483 GOTO 410
490 PSET(254,XP,3) : XP=121- (CP- (I
NT( (CP-1)/120) *120) ) :IF CP>0 THE
N PSET(2 54,XP,2)
491 PSET(INT( (CP-1)/10)+4,191,3)
: I=NS (CP) : GOSUB 1001:PSET(INT( (C
P-l)/10)+4, 191,2)
492 RETURN
495 CLS : PRINT@192 , "*************
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a package price of $99.95. If you are one of the lucky adventurers who has
already purchased Hall I & II, send proof of purchase (invoice, cancelled check,
etc.) and receive a $10.00 discount on the new HALL OF THE KING III. The Hall
of the King series is compatible with all versions of the Color Computer in-
cluding the COCO III. Requires 64K and 1 disk drive.
WARP FACTOR X (Rainbow Review 2/86) $34.95
DARKMOOR HOLD (Rainbow Review 8/86) $29.95
DOLLAR WISE Requires 32K Tape $24.95 — Disk $27.95
FONTFILE — (New for the COCO III) $24.95.
DRAGON BLADE (Rainbow Review 11/86)
Animated Graphics Adventure $29.95
POLICY ON PROTECTION
We believe our customers are honest — all of our software can bebacked up us-
ing standard backup procedures
Your Personal check is welcome no delay. Include Si 50 shipping for each
order. TX residents add 6 1/4% sales tax O/ders shipped within two days
Dealer and author inquiries are always welcome Canadian dealers should con
tad Kelly Software Distributors, Ltd 608. STNT. Calgary, Alberta T5H 2H2. (403)
236 2161
For a complete listing of all our programs call or
write for our free catalog.
PRICKLY-PEAR SOFTWARE ( ^ HS
] M ft 213 La Mirada • El Paso, Texas 79932
(91 5) 584-7784
i'
121
June 1987
THE RAINBOW
ft*******************: PRINT " * NO N
OTES ARE CURRENTLY KEPT *": PRINT
ii
496 SOUND 200, 10: FOR S=l TO 1000
:NEXT
497 SCREEN 1,0: GOTO 410
500 'SAVE SONG
501 CLS
510 PRINT @1 60, "" : INPUT "SAVE AS W
HAT NAME " ; F $
511 IF F$="=" THEN GOTO 150 ELSE
IF F$="?" THEN GOTO 101 ELSE IF
F$="" THEN GOTO 101
512 IF LEN(F$)>8 THEN CLS : GOSUB
1111: GOTO 510
520 CLS
521 PRINT §1 60, "": INPUT "SAVE afte
r WHAT SONG" ? S $
522 IF S$="=" THEN GOTO 150 ELSE
IF S$="?" THEN GOTO 101 ELSE IF
S$="" THEN GOTO 540
523 IF LEN(S$)>8 THEN CLS: GOSUB
llll:GOTO 521
530 CLS:I$=" play ": GOSUB 1101
531 I$=INKEY$:IF 1$="" THEN GOTO
531 ELSE IF 1$="?" THEN GOTO 10
1 ELSE IF 1$="=" THEN GOTO 150 E
THE
RAINBOW'S
One-Liner Contest
has now been expanded
to include programs of
either one or two lines. This
means a new dimension and new
opportunity for those who have "really
neat" programs that simply just won't fit in
one line.
Here are the guidelines: The program must
work in Extended basic, have only one or two
line numbers and be entirely self-contained —
no loading other programs, no calling ROM
routines, no poked-in machine language code.
The program has to run when typed in directly
(since that's how our readers will use it). Make
sureyour line, or lines, aren't packed sotightly
that the program won't list completely. Finally,
any instructions needed should
be very short.
Send your entry
(preferably on cassette) to:
LSE IF ASC(I$)<>13 THEN GOTO 531
532 PRINT@296, "skipping ff ;S$:SKI
PF S$
54j3 CLS :I$= ff record ff : GOSUB 11J81
541 I$=INKEY$:IF I$= ffff THEN GOTO
541 ELSE IF 1$="=" THEN GOTO 15
f} ELSE IF 1$ = "?" THEN GOTO 1J31 E
LSE IF ASC(I$)<>13 THEN GOTO 541
542 PRINT@2 97 , "SAVING ";F$:OPEN"
0" , -1 , F$ : PRINT@297 , "saving " ; F$ :
IF LP<1 THEN GOTO 544
543 FOR S=l TO LP: PRINT#-1 , NS (S)
:NEXT S
544 CLOSE-l:CLS:PRINT@137,F$; ff s
aved. " : PRINT : PRINT" *********
**************»»: PRINT" * PUSH
? FOR THE MENU *": PRINT" ***
********************"
545 I$=INKEY$:IF 1$="=" THEN GOT
0 150 ELSE IF 1$="?" THEN GOTO 1
01 ELSE GOTO 545
600 'GET SONG
601 CLS:S$="NEXT SONG"
610 PRINT@160,"":INPUT"GET WHAT
SONG" ; F$
611 IF F$="=" THEN GOTO 150 ELSE
IF F$="?" THEN GOTO 101 ELSE IF
F$="" THEN GOTO 620 ELSE S$=F$
612 IF LEN(F$)>8 THEN CLS : GOSUB
1111: GOTO 610
About Your Subscription
Your copy of THE rainbow is sent second class
mail. You must notify us of a new address when
you move. Notification should reach us no later
than the 15th of the month prior to the month in
which you change your address. Sorry, we cannot
be responsible for sending another copy when you
fail to notify us.
Your mailing label also shows an account
number and the subscription expiration date.
Please indicate this account number when renew-
ing or corresponding with us. It will help us help
you better and faster.
For Canadian and other non-U. S. subscribers,
there may be a mailing address shown that is
different from our editorial office address. Do not
send any correspondence to that mailing address.
Send it to our editorial offices at Falsoft, Inc., The
Falsoft Building, P.O. Box 385, Prospect, KY 40059.
This applies to everyone except those whose
subscriptions are through our distributor in
Australia.
122
THE RAINBOW June 1987
62J3 CLS:I$=" play " :GOSUB 1101
621 I$=INKEY$:IF 1$="" THEN GOTO
621 ELSE IF 1$="?" THEN GOTO 10
1 ELSE IF I $="=•' THEN GOTO 150 E
LSE IF ASC(I$)<>13 THEN GOTO 621
622 PRINT@2 93 , "searching for ";S
$ : OPEN"I" , -1 , F$ : PRINT@293 , " ge
tting 11 ;S$:CP=^):LP=j3: COLOR 2,3:L
INE(4, 191) -(255,191) , PRESET
623 LP=LP+ 1 : INPUT #-l,NS( LP) :IF E
OF(-l) THEN GOTO 624 ELSE GOTO 6
23
624 CLOSE-l:CLS:PRINT@137,S$;" g
otten. ": PRINT: PRINT" ********
***************" :PRINT" * PUS
H ? FOR THE MENU * 11 : PRINT 11 * *
********************** ;IF LP>0 T
HEN LINE (4, 191)- (INT ( (LP-l)/lj3) +
4, 191) ,PSET
625 I$=INKEY$:IF 1$="?" THEN GOT
0 101 ELSE IF 1$="=" THEN GOTO 1
50 ELSE GOTO 625
900 'QUIT SCREEN
901 CLS: SCREEN 0,1
910 PRINT@2j3j3, "GOOBYE, FOR NOW."
920 PRINT@257,"I HOPE YOU ENJOYE
D PLAYING THE"
930 PRINT@331,"P I A N 0."
940 PRINT@363," "
950 PRINT@448,""
960 END
1000 'PLAY ONE NOTE
1001 IF 1=0 THEN FOR X=l TO 160:
NEXT X: RETURN
1010 LET X=I*6:IF C(I)=2 THEN LE
T Y=187 ELSE LET Y=179
1020 LINE(X-2 , Y-6) - (X+6,Y) , PRESE
T , BF : C0L0R2 , 3 : LINE ( X+2 , 1 60 ) - ( X+2
,L(I) ) ,PSET
1030 SOUND N(I) ,T
1040 LINE(X+2,160)-(X+2,L(I) ) , PR
ESET:COLOR C (I) , 3 : LINE (X-2 , Y-6) -
(X+6,Y) ,PSET,BF
1099 RETURN
1100 'MESSAGES
1101 CLS : PRINT@128 , "************
*******************»; PRINT"* SET
RECORDER TO ";I$;" & PUSH*"
1102 PRINT"* enter TO BEGIN (? F
OR MENU ) * " : PRINT "**************
*******************
11J33 RETURN
1111 PRINT@2 57 ,"****************
*************»: PRINT 11 * NAMES MU
ST BE 1-8 SYMBOLS *": PRINT" ****
***************************
1112 SOUND 5, 5: RETURN
1121 CLS : PRINT@192 ,"************
a******************": PRINT"* SPA
CE FOR KEPT NOTES IS full*":PRIN
I" 1 ******************************
*"
1122 SOUND 200, 10: FOR S=l TO 100
0 : NEXT
1123 SCREEN 1,0: RETURN
LOWEST CONTROLLER PRICE EVER!! The New JFD-EC, Only $75
NOW COCO 3 Compatible *
t//A
JFD-EC DISK CONTROLLER
The JFD-EConomical controller combines the best features of the
original JFD-COCO with
the two switchable ROM
sockets, fully buffered data
lines and Memory Minder
in ROM. The JFD-EC re-
places the JFD-COCO in
our product line at an even
lower price. The controller
includes JDOS, the JDOS
manual and Memory Mind-
er in ROM. (Precision Alignment Disk not included.)
JFD-EC DiskControllerwithJDOS $75
OPTIONS
Precision Alignment Disk &Memory Minder Manual D/S $ 40.00
Precision Alignment Disk & Memory Minder ManualS/S $ 26.00
JFD-EC Disk Controller with RS DOS 1.1 S 75.00
JFD-ECDiskControllerwithJDOSandRSDOSl.l $ 95.00
JFD-ECDriveOSystemwith one double sided drive $250.00
JFD-EC Drive 0. 1 System with twodoubie sided drives 5365.00
'JFD-EC and JFD-CP with JDOS or RS DOS are COCO 3 compatible.
NEW TERMS
Oneyear warranty on parts & labor. Freeshipping
via UPS in continental United States for payment by
Visa, MasterCard or Cashiers check. Blue Label &
foreign shipping extra.
DRIVE SYSTEMS
Drive systems include our JFD-CP or JFD-EC
disk controller, JDOS with Memory Minder
in ROM and one or two half-height floppy
drive(s) with case and power supply.
<//A
JAM SYSTEMS, LTD.
15100-A CENTRAL SE
ALBUQUERQUE, NEW MEXICO 87123
505/292-4182
JFD-CP DISK CONTROLLER
Our new JFD-CP, compatible with the original COCO, COCO 2 and
the new COCO 3, features
a parallel port to support a
Centronics compatible
printer or our hard drive,
and an external ROM
switch, which allows you to
select JDOS or an optional
RS DOS-type ROM. It
comes in a case and in-
cludes JDOS 1.2 and man-
ual. JDOS implements all RS DOS commands, plus many more, in-
cluding auto line numbering, error trapping, baud rate selection,
OS/9 boot from floppy or hard drive, and Memory Minder, our disk
drive analysis program. (Precision Alignment Disk not included.)
JPD-CP Disk Controller with JDOS $ 99.00
OPTIONS
Precision Alignment Disk & Memory Minder Manual D/S $ 40.00
Precision Alignment Disk & Memory MinderManualS/S $ 26.00
JPD-CP Disk Controller with RS DOS 1.1 $ 99.00
JPD-CP Disk Controllerwith JDOS and RS DOS 1.1 $ 11 9.00
JFD-CP Drive O System with one double sided drive $265.00
JFD-CP Drive 0, 1 System with two double sided drives 5379.00
June 1987 THE RAINBOW 123
IT'S HERE! Radio Shack announced
'March 9, 1987, the availability of OS-
9™ Level II, the user-friendly operating
system for the Color Computer 3. The
OS-9 Level II package includes
BASIC09™ and several utilities. The
operating system features windowing
|and graphics in addition to the multi-
user, multitasking environment. It also
features a powerful memory manage-
ment system with memory protection
■inherent in its operation and affords a
high-level of system 1/ Os, including file
•and record locking. Available at all
Radio Shack stores, Radio Shack Com-
puter Centers and participating dealers
nationwide, suggested retail price of
OS-9 Level II (Catalog No. 26-3031) is
$79.95.
UP, UP AND AWAY Tandy Corpora-
tion announced that consolidated sales
'and operating revenues for the month
of February were $244,449,000 — an
increase of 12 percent over the February
1986 sales and operating revenues of
$218,103,000. Tandy's U.S. retail oper-
ations recorded a 15 percent jump in
sales and operating revenues to
$210,737,000 in February 1987 from
$183,567,000 in February 1986. Sales
and operating revenues of U.S. retail
stores in existence more than one year
increased 13 percent in February 1987.
TEACH AN OLD DOG NEW
TRICKS To meet the needs of new
niche markets, C. Itoh Digital Products,
Inc., has added more speed, memory
and faster throughput to its popular
ProWriter jr. dot matrix printer.
The enhanced printer is called the
ProWriter jr. Plus, and C. Itoh has
increased its speed by 33 percent to 160
cps in draft mode. In addition, through-
put speed on the jr. Plus has increased
jfrom 48 to 61 lines per minute, and the
buffer memory has been enlarged three-
fold to 8K. One button selection sets the
printer for 30 cps in NLQ mode.
The lightweight ProWriter jr. Plus
features a unique, space-saving, built-in
printer stand that allows for paper to be
placed underneath the printer. Also,
paper handling is designed to offer
versatility to the user. Paper input is
facing the user so that single sheets,
variable-size forms, envelopes and
continuous paper can be loaded
The acclaimed UNIX System Library avail-
able from Howard W. Sams & Company
through the front of the printer without
leaving your chair. Cut sheet forms can
be inserted without removing the con-
tinuous paper off the tractor feed
sprockets.
Emulating the Epson FX-80+ (plus
built-in IBM character sets), the Pro-
Writer jr. Plus retails for $369. Contact
C. Itoh Digital Products, Inc., 19750
South Vermont Avenue, Suite 220,
Torrance, CA 90502, (213)327-2110.
GET AN EDUCATION The Hay den
Books UNIX System Library is a series
of books on various topics related to the
UNIX system. This acclaimed series
covers everything from introductory
texts, such as Programming in C and
Exploring the UNIX System, to more
advanced titles such as UNIX Text
Processing and UNIX Shell Program-
ming. The books were edited by Ste-
phen G. Kochan and Patrick H. Wood,
who specialize in training UNIX and C
users. They worked for several years at
Bell Laboratories teaching introductory
and advanced courses.
Hayden Books UNIX Library was
recently aquired by Howard W. Sams &
Company, a division of Macmillan, Inc.
The UNIX Library and other titles from
Hayden Books are available through
bookstores, electronics distributors or
by calling Howard W. Sams at (800)
428-SAMS.
The new C. Itoh ProWriter jr. Plus
124
THE RAINBOW June 1987
"4
(i
i
/I
1
ft
j
Computer Island Educational Software
ARROW GAMES
32K Ext. - $21.95 tape/$26.95 disk
Six menu driven games for young
children (ages 3-6) to teach direc-
tions. All games involve using the
arrow keys ONLY. Games include:
LADYBUG, BUTTERFLY, ARROW
MATCH, KALEIDOSCOPE, RABBIT,
and DOODLE. Colorful graphics.
FIRST GAMES
32K Ext. - $24.95 tape/$29.95 disk
First Games contains 6 menu driven
programs to delight and teach your
early learners (ages 3-6). These
games enrich the learning of colors,
numbers, lower case letters, shapes,
memory, visual discrimination and
counting.
CLOZE STORIES
32K Ext. - $19.95 Tape/$24.95 Disk
These programs give students prac-
tice using the popular CLOZE read-
ing technique. Each program contains
grade appropriate short stories with
key missing words to be deduced by
the student. Available for grades 3, 4,
5, 6, OR 7. Please specify.
DRAWING CONCLUSIONS
32K Ext. - tape $19.95/disk $24.95
These programs contain short stories.
Each story has two accompanying
questions that ask the student to draw
conclusions from the text. Available
for grades 3-4 OR 5-6. Please specify.
LOCATING STORY DETAILS
32K Ext. - disk only - $24.95
These programs contain short stories.
Each has an accompanying picture.
Questions about story details refer to
either the text a pictures. The disk
generated graphics are an integral
part of these attractive programs.
Available for grades 2-3 OR 4-5.
Please specify.
FOREIGN LANGUAGE GAMES
32K Ext. - $19.95 tape/$24.95 disk
(500 words)
French or Spanish Baseball
Score base hits or home runs for
correct answers. You're out if wrong.
Correct answers supplied. Fun way
to learn and practice vocabulary.
PLEASE SPECIFY LANGUAGE.
PUNCTUATION PRACTICE
32K Ext. - tape $19.95/disk $24.95
On screen practice in proper usage
of the familiar punctuation marks.
Grades 3-7.
MATH TUTOR SERIES
16K Ext.
These tutorials take the child through
each step of the example. All pro-
grams include HELP tables, cursor
and graphic aids. All allow user to
create the example, or let the com-
puter choose. Multi-level. Great
teaching programs.
LONG DIVISION TUTOR
$14.95 tape/$19.95 disk
MULTIPLICATION TUTOR
$14.95 tape/$19.95 disk
FACTORS TUTOR
$19.95 tape/$24.95 disk
FRACTIONS TUTOR (addition)
$19.95 tape/$24.95 disk
FRACTIONS TUTOR (subtraction)
$19.95 tape/$24.95 disk
FRACTIONS TUTOR (mult.)
$19.95 tape/$24.95 disk
COMPUTER LITERACY
32K Ext. - $19.95 tape/$29.95 disk
A computer literacy quiz exclusively
for the Color Computer. Tests and
scores from over 60 questions on a
Hi-res upper and lower case screen.
Reviews computer literacy and
beginning programming knowledge.
Ages 10 and up.
\
I
/,
n
RAINBOW
CERTIFICATION
Computer/rlsland
SEAL
VISA
(718) 948-2748
Dept. R 227 Hampton Green, Staten Island, N.Y. 10312
Send for catalog with complete descriptions.
Please add $1 .00 per order for postage. N.Y. residents, please add proper tax. FREE set of BINARY DICE, including full directions, with
orders of 2 or more items.
Dealer Inquiries Invited.
TRS-80 Color Computer
All Payments in U.S. Funds.
DELPHI BUREAU
Help One, Help All
By Cray Augsburg
Rainbow Technical Editor
Last month in "Delphi Bureau,"
we discussed several ways in
which users of the CoCo SIG
could find help on SIG operation. This
month, we will turn to a related topic
of how CoCo SIG members can help
themselves, as well as the rest of the
CoCo Community.
Three sections of the CoCo SIG exist
for the purpose of allowing users to
boost growth in the CoCo Community.
These sections, as they appear on the
CoCo SIG menu, are: I) Poll, 2) Ques-
tions & Feedback, and 3) Rainbow
Magazine Services. While these titles
for the three sections are somewhat self-
explanatory, we will now cover each in
a little more detail.
Questions & Feedback
The Questions & Feedback area of
the CoCo SIG is an area designed for
matters directly related to SIG business
and the operation of the CoCo SIG. To
enter this area, just enter QUE at the
CoCo Sig > prompt.
Four options are available in the Q &
F area. The first is Feedback to SIG
Staff. Use this selection if you wish to
send a complaint about any aspect of
SIG operation. You will be prompted
for all necessary information and then
given several lines on which to compile
your message. We only know how good
a job we are doing if you let us know.
The second option in the area is
Cray Augsburg is RMNBOWs technical
editor and has an associate's degree in
electrical engineering. He and his wife,
Ruth Ann, have two children and live
in Louisville, Kentucky. His username
on Delphi is RAINBOW MAG.
Request for Free Upload Time. Yes, we
believe that if you have something you
are willing to share with us, you should
not be charged for making it available
to others. SIG Manager Jim Reed
(JIMREED) has been quite generous in
allocating free connect time to anyone
who wants to upload material to our
CoCo and OS-9 Online SIGs. So, get
your "upload list" ready and send a
request with this selection.
Suggestion Box is another important
option. If you have an idea you think
would be good for the SIG, by all means
send it to us via this selection. Your
suggestion will be mailed to all con-
cerned SIG staff for evaluation. Keep in
mind, while it is true we might have
DATABASE REPORT
During March OS-9 Online showed
an increasing number of uploads, as
more and more of our members acquired
OS-9 Level II and began to learn about
it. ■ i^y* 1 ^^^^^^^^^^^
OS-9 Online Databases:
In the General Information section, Ed
Orbea (basque) sent us a list of changes
in the 0S9Defs file. Ray McCoppin
(raymccoppin) gave us a BASIC09 utility
to read the Hi-Res mouse or joystick
ports. Dennis Weldy (OS9ER) gave us a
utility to allow RS-DOS source code files
to be assembled under OS-9. Chuck
Hoffman (CHOFFMAN) provided us with
an OS-9 Level II boot fix utility that can
be used when creating double-sided boot
disks.
In the Applications area, Steve Clark
(STEVECLARK) gave us a program for
adding up rows of numbers and another
for creating overlays on a screen. Gene
Loefer (gloefer) uploaded a BAS1C09
program that creates windows on an 80-
column screen.
In the Utilities section, Toni Ryan
(tntrhodan) sent us a new ccobbler
and 0S9Gen file, which provided a dump
with more features, provisions for creat-
ing double-sided boot disks under Level
I and for breaking up a boot file into its
component modules. Steve Clark pro-
vided code to issue 66 carriage returns to
simulate a form feed. George Janssen
(GBJANSSEN) sent us XREF, which produ-
ces a cross-reference for assembly source
files. Steven Goncalo (goncalo) gave us
WILD, a program to support wild-card
functions. Gene Loefer gave us more
BASIC09 window setup utilities. Greg Law
(gregl) donated a simple utility for
unlinking modules from memory in
Level II OS-9. Mark Sunderlin (meg-
abyte) provided a utility for stripping
padding characters from Xmodem files.
Donald R. Grafton (GRAFTON) gave us a
file sorter routine.
In the Device Drivers topic area, Toni
Ryan gave us Level II drivers for a RAM
disk, an 80-column driver and double-
sided device descriptors. Dennis Weldy
sent us a tutorial and example of how to
write device drivers in the C language.
Kevin Darling (kdarling) provided us
with an excellent Level II RAM disk
driver.
In the Patches topic area, Toni Ryan
sent us a patch to the assembler to allow
filenames with the underline character in
them. Chuck Hoffman provided a patch
to shorten the motor off delay and to
allow accessing the back sides of DO and
Dl as D2 and D3.
In the Telcom database, Bill Brady
126 THE RAINBOW June 1987
already heard a similar request, very few
requests are "minor" enough not to be
made. It is the silent wish that makes a
good suggestion.
The last option in the Questions &
Feedback area is the Trouble Report. If
you encounter any problems with the
system in Mail, during a download or
anywhere else, please take the time to
fill out a trouble report. We have been
able to help several members as well as
head off further trouble through this
avenue of communication. Similarly,
timely reports have enabled us to head
off minor problems that could have
quickly become major problems.
What Is "Poll"?
The Poll section of the SIG is just
what its name implies. It is an area
where members can create polls and
surveys and vote on other polls. Pres-
ently, active polls include such topics as
"Interest in Level II OS-9" and "Who
Likes the MC-10." At any one time, 20
polls can be active. When it appears a
given poll is no longer active, it is
archived and placed in the Topics area
of the SIG for perusal by all members.
Jim Reed is in charge of this area. Since
it seems full almost all the time, if you
want to create a new poll, you should
send him a message via Mail.
When in thepoll area, several options
are available to you. They are:
BROWSE through poll results
CREATE a neu poll
EDIT your poll comment
LIST pol 1 names
RESULTS with comments
VOTE on a poll
As always, in addition to the above
options, you can ask for HELP or EXIT
the area and go back to the CoCo SIG
menu. A handy option in the Poll area
is BROWSE. After entering this com-
mand, you will begin to review the
present results of all active polls one by
one. You will be given an opportunity
to VOTE or READ pertinent comments on
each poll before moving to the next.
This speeds things up in the poll area
and allows you to vote on all the polls
that might interest you without having
to go through a lot of trouble. The other
commands, such as RESULTS, require
that you enter the name of a specific poll
before continuing.
Visit the Mini-SIG
For the CoCo user, one of the most
important "self-help" areas on Delphi is
the Rainbow Magazine Services "mini-
Si G." You can get to this area by typing
RRIN at the CaCo 5ig> prompt.
Another way is to enter the Magazines
& Books area off the main Delphi menu
and then select Rainbow Magazine
Services. However, this would require
more work, as most CoCo SIG
members have their default menu set up
to take them directly to the CoCo SIG
upon logon (if you don't, use the Set
Preferences item in the CoCo SIG).
Rainbow Magazine Services is an
area of Delphi set up foi correspon-
dence with RAINBOW magazine. It offers
several features that many users will
want to take advantage of. Many users
already use the area to its fullest extent.
The options offered in this area are:
Announcements
Ask The Experts
Address Change
Letters to Rainbow
MAIL
Order RAINBOW est Tickets
Subscriptions On-line
Vo t i ng Booth
Help
Exi t
Portal to COCO SIG
(wbrady) gave us several new uploads.
He generously provided packed proce-
dures for his BigT Terminal program
that supports Xmodem and a newly
proposed variation of Xmodem to facil-
itate transfer of OS-9 files. He provided
C0C0BIN.TXT, a discussion of his
proposal of how to modify Xmodem to
deal with problems it causes with OS-9
files. He also gave us full source code for
his BigT program.
Color Computer SIG Databases:
In the CoCo SIG, uploads continued
at a good pace. In the General Informa-
tion topic area, I posted an essay detail-
ing my reservations about the war on
drugs. Mike Fischer (M1KE88) gave us a
humorous item called Funny Text.
In the Utilities section, Jason Ruddock
(jayr) sent us a code to change the
prompt under Disk BASIC on the CoCo
3. Steve Bjork (6809ER) sent us a unique
disk quality checker. Jim Sparks (ESCO-
man) gave us a monitor program called
Color Bug. Kurt Stecco (highrailer)
sent a calendar printer for the DMP-I05.
Steve Macri (dracman) sent us
RS232.P/X. Roger A. Krupski (hard-
warehack) sent us a Morse Code utility.
Richard Ferreira (SKEEVE) sent us a
program entitled J 987 Tax Liability.
In the Music topic area, Mike Knudsen
(ragtimer) gave us two new tunes.
The Graphics section received quite a
few new files. The CoCo Galleries for
November and December of 1986 and
January 1987 have arrived. Tony Rapson
(TRAPSON) gave us a Serif font set. Earl
Knutson (bj#rnknutson) donated Mc
Paint printer drivers for the Star Mi-
cronix SG10. Bob Wharton (bobwhar-
ton) gave us National League baseball
images and a picture entitled Top Gun.
Billy M. Hambric (SNOOPYDOG) sent us
pictures of Alf, Peanuts and other digi-
tized images. Loren J. Howell (XENOS)
gave us the CoCo 3 program HCOMP.
Fred Ahlberg (fredahlberg) sent us
several pictures f rom Doctor Who. Rich-
ard Trasborg (tras) sent us some con-
verted Atari pictures.
In the Product Reviews section, I
uploaded an announcement about a
solderless CoCo keyboard extender cable
that I will test market at the Chicago
RAINBOWfest. Roy Crosby (UNCLE)
sent us a review of Microwork's latest
revision of their superb digitizer, the
DS69B for the CoCo 2 and 3. Andrew
Ellinor (CROPPER) sent us a review of the
PBJ 5I2K upgrade he purchased from
Computerware. Michael Schneider
(MSCHNEIDER) sent us a review of Koro-
nis Rift, a new OS-9 Level II game f rom
EPYX sold by Tandy.
In the Source Code for 6809 as-
semblers topic area, Roger A. Krupski
sent us a source code for his Morse Code
program. Alan DeKok (alandekok)
gave us source code for his New Attri-
butes program.
In the Games topic area, Kurt Stecco
sent us a submarine war game. Keith
Morabeto (kmorabeto) uploaded a
Yahtzee game. Craig Green (spudly)
sent us his Win Ten lottery number
selection game. Pat Abramovitch
(hubbs) gave us a Lunar Lander game.
Loren J. Howell sent us a simple BASIC
shoot-'em-up game. Mike Ward (MIKE-
ward) shared his researches into the
game Rogue. Game hackers will love this
file.
Next month's uploads will likely in-
clude some reports of what I and others
saw at the Chicago RAINBOWfest. Also,
expect to soon see a revision of Ricky-
Term that will, among other things,
support the bit banger port on the CoCo
3. There is even a chance that in the next
month or two we shall see a version of
WEFAX enhanced by support for buffers
and different frequencies. I also expect
we will be seeing more rainbow Galleries
in the Graphics section. In the OS-9 SIG,
members will probably begin to see what
will eventually be an additional five
megabytes of OS-9 User Group material.
Well, I must go now to catch my plane
to Chicago. I'll see you all later in the
CoCo SIG and OS-9 Online SIG.
— Marty Goodman
Rainbow's Delphi Database Manager
June 1987 THE RAINBOW 127
The Announcements area, while usu-
ally used by the SIG staff as a way of
posting announcements, can be rather
interesting. You might find some items
in here that you have not seen before.
Ask The Experts is an area designed
to allow you to send questions to rain-
bow's question and answer columnists,
Dan Downard, Marty Goodman and
Richard Esposito. The questions you
pose will be received by these colum-
nists and may be published along with
an answer in future issues of the RAIN-
BOW.
Letters to Rainbow is similar to Ask
The Experts, except these letters are
intended for the "Letters to the Editor"
section of rainbow magazine. Using
Ask the Experts and Letters to Rain-
bow is very easy and sure beats waiting
on U.S. Mail.
As its name implies, Address Change
gives you a quick and reliable way of
notifying RAINBOW magazine of your
new location. Along with Order RAIN-
BOWfest Tickets and Subscriptions
On-line, all Address Change entries are
received and sent to the subscription
department at the Falsoft Building in
Prospect, Kentucky. These three op-
tions are for the express purpose of
expediting transactions with RAINBOW
magazine.
The Voting Booth area is identical to
the Poll area in the CoCo SJG, except
that the polls are different. This means
PREMIUM PRINTER SYSTEMS
PLUG-N-GO FOR THE COCO
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workloads. System includes the
NX-10 printer with BLUE STREAK II
serial to parallel interface and our Soft-
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with serial interface, cable, and our
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BLUE STREAK II I SOFTWARE TRIO
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Specify Siar/Scikosha/or Citizens Printer.
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Visa & MasterCard
within the continental U.S.
we can offer up to 40 active polls and
surveys directly to the CoCo Communi-
ty at one time.
The Portal to COCO SIG gives you
a way to jump into the SIG. Keep in
mind, if you came into the Rainbow
Magazine Services area from the CoCo
SIG, all that is required to return to the
CoCo SIG is a press of CONTROL-Z. On
the other hand, if you entered the area
from the main Delphi menu, you might
want to use the Portal option as a
shortcut to the CoCo SIG. This is
because a CONTROL-Z (if you entered
from MflIN>) would take you back
toward the main menu. This is an
important point to remember on Del-
phi. CONTROL-Z returns you to the menu
from which you entered an area.
Some "Editorial" Comments
Many people have asked the ques-
tion, "How can I easily edit a mes-
sage I am sending in Mail or Forum?"
Well, in Forum, when you use ADD or
REPLY to create a message, you start
out in a "mini-editor." Many folks
don't realize this. To see for yourself,
during a message, type /HELP at the
beginning of a line and you'll see:
/LIST - lists all lines typed
/DELETE - erases the last line
/EDIT - invokes your editor
/EXIT - same as Control-Z
/QUIT - same as Control-C
But, for more sophisticated edit-
ing, use the /ED (all commands must
be at the beginning of a line) to call
up either the EDT or OLDIE editors,
whichever you have selected as your
default editor by using the Set Pref-
erences selection f rom the CoCo SIG
menu.
You can begin your message in the
edit mode in Forum with ADD/EDIT
and REPLY/EDIT.
In Mail, you can use SEND/EDIT
and REPLY/EDIT at the MflIL>
prompt. This will invoke your editor
initially. But, once you have begun a
Mail message, you cannot invoke the
editor in mid-message.
As a hint, these editor options give
you the ability to save parts of your
message to Workspace, as well as
merge other files from your Works-
pace into your messages. It can be a
very handy feature.
128 THE RAINBOW June 1987
RAINB
ADOS 1.02
Better Than Ever /SpectroSy stems 146
The Amazin' Maze Game
Labyrinth of a Maze/Mikaron Software 137
Bumble Games
Educational Challenges/The Learning Company 142
Cave Walker
Magic Spells and Treasures/Tandy Corporation 135
Color Scribe III
Word Power for the CoCo/Computerware 136
Dragon's Castle
A Bargain Basement Adventure/ Mitchell Software 143
JramR
512K Upgrade for the CoCo 3/J&R Electronics 134
Lockout
Secures Your Disk Contents/Custom Software 140
MYDOS
DOS Enhancer/Haw/cso/f 144
PAL Switcher
Solves Multi-Pak Dilemma/ Spectrum Projects, Inc 138
SECA Coupon Filer
Database File Program/SEC/4 139
SoundScope
See What Sound Looks Like/7of/7/an Software 133
StopBurn
The CRT Saver/Lucas Industries 2000 140
Super Collection of Super Games
Old Favorites for the CoCo/Mikaron Software 145
The Word Factory — Synonyms and Antonyms
Educational Game of Words/SEC/A 132
RECEIVED & CERTIFIED
The following products have recently been received by THE RAINBOW,
examined by our magazine staff and approved for the Rainbow Seal of
Certification, your assurance that we have seen the product and have
ascertained that it is what it purports to be.
This month the SeaJ of Certification has been issued to:
mesoft, 4 Hallfield Court, Balti-
more, MD' 21236; (301) 256-7558,
$19.95.
* * *
ADOS-3, an enhanced, EPROM-
able Disk BASIC. For the CoCo 3,
but will function on the CoCo 1 or
2 acting as a mildly enhanced ver-
sion of RSDOS. SpectroSystems,
Hill N. Kenhall Drive, Suite
A108, Miami, FL 33176; (305)274-
3899, $34.95 plus $2 S/H.
The Best BBS, a bulletin board
system that operates on a 32K CoCo
with one drive and a DCM-5, using
a standard serial port. The Saint
John Gallery, P.O. Box 613, Mt.
Sinai, NY 11766, $12.
The Disk Scripture Index, a set of
programs designed to make an
index of Bible topics and Scripture
references. For the CoCo 1, 2 and 3.
Sovereign Grace Software, 221
Highview Drive, Ballwin, MO
63011; (314) 227-3238, $10.95 plus
$2.50 S/H.
* * *
BSS 512K RamDisk, a utility pro-
gram that offers flexibility, requires
no BASIC user storage, and is com-
patible with RS-DOS BASIC 1 .0 and
1.1. For the CoCo 3. Bangert Soft-
ware Systems, P.O. Box 21056,
Indianapolis, IN 46221; (317) 262-
8865, $14.95 plus $2 S/H.
* * *
BBS Print Spooler, BSS Screen
Print, BSS Date and Time, and
TYP-O-MATIC Keys, a series of
utility programs that can be run
together as an integrated package.
For the CoCo 3. Bangert Software
Systems, P.O. Box 21056, Indiana-
polis, IN 46221; (317) 262-8865,
$9.95 each plus $2 S/H.
* * *
BTU Analysis, a program that an-
alyzes heat loss and gain, and calcu-
lates proper heating and cooling
unit size. For the CoCo 1, 2 and 3.
A to Z Unlimited, 901 Ferndale
Boulevard, High Point, NC 27260;
(919)882-6255, $39.95 plus, $3 S/H.
* * *
Basic Freedom, a full screen editor
that features lowercase interpreter
and auto-key repeat. For the CoCo
1, 2 and 3. Dr. Preble's Programs,
6540 Outer Loop, Louisville, KY
40228; (502)966-8281; Disk, $29.95;
Tape for CoCo 1 or 2, $27.95.
CoCo HI Unravelled, a commented
disassembly of the new code in the
CoCo 3's ROM. Spectrum Projects,
Inc., P. O. Box 264, Howard Beach,
NY 11414; (718) 835-1344, $29.95
plus $3 SI H.
* * *
Color SCRIPSIT II, a 16K word
processing program that offers a
wide range of format options, which
enable you to use a variety of type
styles; to center, boldface and un-
derline text; and to set tabs and
margins. For the CoCo 1, 2 and 3.
Tandy Corp. Available in Radio
Shack stores nationwide. $29.95.
* * *
CSG IMS, a database manager that
includes all the necessary tools to
create business software. It has both
relational and network capabilities.
For the CoCo 2 and 3. Kelly Soft-
ware Distributors, Ltd., P.O. Box
608, Station "T," Calgary, Alberta,
Canada T2H 2H2; (403) 236-2161,
Single user, $149.95 U.S.; Multi-
user, $199.95 U.S.
* * *
Custom Palette Designer, a pro-
gram that lets you alter any palette
slot without having to remember
names or numbers of colors. For the
CoCo 3 with one disk drive. Gim-
Disk Tutorial, this two-disk pack-
age for BASIC/ ML programmers
gives almost everything you need to
know about the disk system. Micro-
corn Software, P.O. Box 214, Fair-
port, NY 14450; (716) 223-1477,
$36.95 plus $3 S/H.
* * *
Dollar Wise, a personal business
utility that takes some of the guess-
work out of making major pur-
chases or investments. For the CoCo
1, 2 and 3. Prickly-Pear Software,
213 Mirada, El Paso, TX 79932;
(915) 584-7784, Disk $27.95; Tape
$24.95.
* * *
Donald Duck's Playground, a 64K
action-packed game to help children
ages 7 to 11 develop money-
handling skills. Four separate games
teach spatial relationships, as well as
matching and logic skills, while
encouraging creative expressions.
For the CoCo 1, 2 and 3. Sierra On-
Line, Coarsegold, CA 93614;
$34.95. Available in Radio Shack
stores nationwide.
* * *
EXAMS III, a multiple choice, true-
false, and/or answer test sheet
generator. For the CoCo 3 with one
disk drive. SECA, P.O. Box 3134,
130 THE RAINBOW June 1987
Gulf port, MS 39505; (601) 832-
8236, $24.98 plus $3 S/H, includes
10 free disks.
FONTFILE, a font library that
makes full use of the CoCo 3 graph-
ics capabilities. Prickly-Pear Soft-
ware, 213 La Mirada, El Paso, TX
79932; (915)584-7784, $24.95,
IRA Analysis, a financial planning
program that lets you compare
IRAs and get more on your invest-
ment. For the CoCo 1, 2 and 3. A
to Z Unlimited, 901 Ferndale Boule-
vard, High Point, NC 27260; (919)
882-6255, $39.95 plus $3 S/H.
* * *
Leonard's Pencil, a 32K graphics
programming utility that creates
BASIC programs for generating
drawings. For the CoCo 1, 2 and 3
with one joystick. E. Z. Friendly
Software, 1308 Belmont Avenue,
Front Royal, VA 22630; (703) 635-
1354, Disk, $12.95; Tape, $10.95
plus $1.50 S/H.
* * *
Life, a 32 K non-competitive, non-
violent Simulation of a colony of
cells that live and reproduce accord-
ing to three rules (survival, death
and birth) relating each cell to its
neighbor. For the CoCo 1, 2 or 3
with one disk drive. Prometheus,
14684 Joshua Tree Avenue, Moreno
Valley, CA 92388; $20.
* * *
iMental Freedom, a 64K Preble
Thoughtware program that com-
bines the technology of the CoCo
with Radio Shack's Biofeedback
Monitor and features digital speech
without a speech synthesizer. For
the CoCo I, 2 and 3. Dr. Preble } s
Programs, 6540 Outer Loop, Louis-
ville, KY 40228; (502) 966-8281,
Disk, $29.95; Tape, $27.95.
£ # %
My Artist, a picture drawing pro-
gram that uses the high resolution
graphics of the Color Computer 3.
Pictures may be drawn using four
different combinations of color and
resolution. SEESOF, P.O. Box 574,
Beaufort, SC 29901; (803) 524-0 11 6,
$14.95.
OS-9 Text Formatter, a word pro-
cessor that runs under OS-9 Level I
or II. For the CoCo 1, 2 and 3.
Computerware, Box 668, 4403
Manchester Avenue, Suite 102,
Encinitas, CA 92024; (619) 436-
3512, $34,95,
QIKPOINT-SC, a set of floating
decimal point arithmetic and matrix
routines designed for use with the
CoCo expanded by the SC68000
expansion board made by Cir-Pac,
Ltd., using Kamelion as the inter-
face operating system. DJ. Leftler,
955 Trinidad Road, Cocoa Beach,
FL 32931; (305) 783-2713, $47.75;
$99.50 supplied with Kamelion.
Users manual, $9.
Screen Star, a program editor that
runs under Level I or II of OS-9. Use
with OS-9 Text Formatter or Radio
Shack's TS Word for word process-
ing. For the CoCo 1, 2 and 3, Com-
puterware, Box 668, 4403 Manches-
ter A venue, Suite 102, Encinitas,
CA 92024; (619) 436-3512, $49.95.
* * *
Super Extended BASIC Unra-
velled, a book of information on the
high resolutions graphics com-
mands and BASIC enhancements
available from the Color Computer
3. Microcom Software, P.O. Box
214, Fairport, NY 14450; (7 16) 223-
1477, $24.95.
Superthello, a 32K computer ver-
sion of the popular board game.
Develop game strategy for a 100-
square grid and testyour skills while
racing against the clock. For the
CoCo 1 , 2 and 3 with two joysticks.
SEC A, P.O. Box 3134, Gulfporf,
MS 39505; (601) 832-8236, $2198
plus $3 S/H.
* * *
Supplement to 500 Pokes, Peeks 'n
Execs, a book that contains 200
additional POKEs, PEEKs and
tw^^tiK^s to th e popular book. Mic-
rocom Software, P.O. Box 214,
Fairport, NY 14450; (716) 223-1477,
$9.95 plus $3 S/H
VCR File, a 32K file program for
video cassette tapes. Individual
entries may be sorted, edited,
printed, labeled, deleted or added
to. For the CoCo 1, 2 and 3 with one
disk drive. Sunrise Software, 8901
NW 26th Street, Sunrise, FL 33322;
(800) 628-2828, $19.95 plus $2 S/H.
* * *
Winnie the Pooh in the Hundred
Acre Wood, a 64K Adventure game
for ages 7 and up. The blustery wind
has mixed up everything in the
forest and Christopher Robin and
his friends are waiting for someone
to return their missing belongings.
Be a hero and they're sure to throw
a big party for you! Sierra On- Line,
Coarsegold, CA 93614; $34.95.
Available in Radio Shack stores
nationwide.
The Seal of Certification program is open to all manufacturers of products
for the Tandy Color Computer, regardless of whether they advertise in
THE RAINBOW.
By awarding a SeaL the magazine certifies the product does exist — that
we have examined it and have a sample copy — b ut this does not constitute
any guarantee of satisfaction. As soon as possible, these hardware or
software items will be f orwarded to THE RAINBOW reviewers for
evaluation.
— Judi Hutchinson
June 1987 THE RAINBOW 131
Software Review,
7Z\
The Word Factory —
Synonyms and Antonyms
The Word Factory — Synonyms and Antonyms is a game
of word meaning for children and adults. The game is
written for a Color Computer with 64K Extended BASIC and
at least one disk drive. A printer is required only if you
intend to print word tests. The game is written in BASIC and
uses ASCII data files to supply the lists of words. The actual
program uses a binary version of the ASCII file you create
and places it in an unused 8K portion of RAM to enhance
its speed.
The program disk is unprotected, and the manual
requests you make a backup copy before using for the first
time. The manual also requests you honor the program
copyright.
The main menu consists of three options: A) Play The
Game; B) Use List Maker; and C) Use Printer. Selecting A
begins the game by asking which of the six word lists you
want, how many players, difficulty level, and antonyms or
synonyms. The @ key allows you to return to the previous
option and correct your choice.
The main game screen is a high resolution graphics screen
containing four circles in the top section and a polygon in
the bottom-center. Next to the polygon, on both sides, there
are two triangles. The left side is for Player 1 and the right
side is for Player 2. The upper triangle contains the number
of right answers, while the bottom one contains the number
of wrong answers. Choosing the one-player option allows
I
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microcomputers. It quickly and easily
runs comprehensive testing of all vital
operating parameters to assure data
integrity.
Data Integrity
Means Data Confidence
Memory Minder is so easy to run you
will be inclined to test vourdisk driveson
a regular basis and correct problems be-
fore they ever endanger your data. This
program provides long term confidence
in your data integrity.
Memory Minder is currently available
for the following:
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you to save the score to disk so a student can compete with
the entire class. The two-player option is for one-on-one
situations only and does not allow you to save the scores.
To play the game, a word appears in the polygon and four
more words in the circles. The player must choose the
correct synonym or antonym depending on which option
was previously chosen. A hand points to one of the four
circles and may be moved with the arrow keys. You must
select the correct answer with the hand and, according to
the manual, press the ENTER key. However, I found the
ENTER key did not work, and I had to use the space bar
instead. At the end of each game, a score card containing
the number of right and wrong answers and the percent
correct is presented to each player. The scores may be saved
as stated above, and the top 10 will be displayed.
"Choosing the one-player
option allows you to save the
score to disk so a student can
compete with the entire class. "
Option B selects the word list menu. You are allowed to
create new lists, add to existing lists, or correct a list. Each
list may be protected by a password to keep the younger
players from destroying the list. The lists are originally
created as an ASCII file containing three words per record.
The first word is the master entry, while the second and third
are the synonym and antonym respectively. There are six
word lists provided with the game. When you finish creating
a list, you are asked if you want to format it for program
use. This formatting converts the list into a binary form,
as stated earlier, and enhances the speed of the program.
You may create separate data disks containing only word
lists; however, the binary version must be on the program
disk itself when you want to use that particular list.
Adding to a list is essentially the same as creating a new
one. You are allowed to select the list you want to add to
and, from that point on, it functions identically to the create
list option. The correct list option works only on the binary
form of the list. It is used to correct misspelled words by
choosing a list and entering the word as it was incorrectly
spelled. Once the word is located, you may correct the
spelling and re-save the list. You must keep in mind, this
does not correct the ASCII source list. If you later add to
this list and format a new binary copy, the corrections will
be lost.
Option C lets you select a word list and print a test to
paper. You may use up to 200 words per test. There will be
25 words printed per page. The lists are password-protected
for this option also.
The Word Factory — Synonyms and Antonyms is a very
nice package for young and old alike. 1 must admit there
are words in the sample lists provided that I do not
recognize, and I could learn from this program.
(SECA, P.O. Box 3134, Gulf port, MS 59505; 601-832-8236,
$19.98 plus $3 S/H)
— Larry Birkenfeld
132
THE RAINBOW June 1987
I()MM4HHH|HilHHUIHMirillllHMMI4tt1l1IM»fMIMUMtlMMMUIMHfiilHlf1MMHHllllliillllMH|HliM
<L > LO-RES
<H> HI -RES
<U> ULTRA RCS
<K> KALEIDOSCOPE
<BRE AK > QUIT
Software Review i
if /"% 1
Picture It With Soundscope
Tve been teaching science for nearly 16 years, and one
of the topics of study has always been sound. When THE
rain B#w sent me Soundscope for review, I was more
interested than usual, because it looked like a program I
could use in my physics classes to show what sound "looks
like/* The program is easy to use and loads from either tape
or disk. The single-page instructions include all the
information necessary to run the program and its four
options without problems. They also include a short
explanation of sound waves that, although simplistic, is
clear and correct. Included with the instructions are three
screen dumps of the program display. Operation is simple.
You load and run the BASIC program, Scope. Scope loads
a machine language program and a high resolution graphics
screen that forms the background for the program display.
After all parts of the program are loaded, you are instructed
to put an audio tape in the cassette recorder and press Play,
Immediately, the screen begins to show a Lo-Res display
of the sound from the recorder While the program is
running, you have the option to switch to any of the other
three displays or to quit the program. If you quit you can
r e s u in e d i splay easily. In addition to Lo-Res, Soundscope
has three other display modes: Hi-Res, Ultra-Res and
Kaleidoscope.
The Kaleidoscope option displays a rapidly changing
color display of the sound. This display is very interesting.
It would make a great background display for a music
demonstration or something of that sort. Hi-Res and Ultra-
Res modes, as their names imply, are higher resolution
versions of the Lo-Res display mode. The advantage of
higher resolution displays is greater detail. The disadvan-
tage is less speed, There is a noticeable delay in the Ultra-
Res mode; it isn't displaying in real time. This isn't a
problem, just a different method of display that trades detail
for speed. All of the displays are entertaining, Soundscope
is worth the price for the entertainment value alone. In fact,
for entertainment, I recommend Soundscope heartily.
It wouldn't be fair to end the review here, however. After
a couple of weeks of watching and experimenting with
Soundscope, I'm still not sure exactly what is being
displayed. I fed it a musical scale played very slowly on a
piano, and I couldn't see anything that resembled the
standard oscilloscope display I expected. The distance
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ADD $2.00 S/H IN U.S.A. - CANADA ADD $3.50 + $1.00 /LB
between peaks normally representing frequency or wave-
length didn't vary correctly with changing pitch over the
entire octave range. Soundscope is fun, interesting and
entertaining, but it isn't an oscilloscope and doesn't display
sound in a conventional way. Buy Soundscope for enjoy-
ment, but do not expect a program that can be used to
analyze sound waves in a measurable way.
(Tothi*n Software, Inc., Box 663, Rimersburg, PA 16248;
$19.95)
— Donald McGarry
TIMESAVERS
Parallel Printer Buffer
* !n line Stand alone
* 64K Expandable to 128K
* Self powered
* Centronics cable incL
* 5 Year Limited Warrantee
Reg $ 1 49
only $84.95 (3)
80 Track 3V2 Drive
* 3Vt" in 5V4 Frame (fits all)
* Double Sided Double Density
* 720 K Formatted Capacity
* Mnfg by Teac
* Ready for OS-9 !!/MSDOS 3.3
Reg. $249
Horizontal case w/power S49
with drive purchase.
Polygon Computers Tel (24 3) 463-4406
P.O. Box 65905 Visa/Mastercard
Los Angeles, CA 90065 M.O.
only $139 (6)
June 1987 THE RAINBOW 133
Hardware Review
JramR: 512K Upgrade
for the CoCo 3
J & R Electronics has released a 512K upgrade for the
Color Computer 3. The upgrade, called JramR, is available
either as a complete, ready to plug in and run circuit board,
or just the bare circuit board with special header pins. If
you choose to build your own and order the kit, you will
have to purchase these components also:
16 16-pin IC sockets
16 41256 120 to 150nsDRAMs
16 0.1 Mf or 0.01 Mf ceramic capacitors
1 10 to 47 Mf electrolytic capacitor
The kit comes with an illustrated, easy to follow, step-
by-step assembly and installation booklet. The double-sided
glass epoxy circuit board is well-made and measures 4%
inches by 2 l5 /i6 inches. The circuit etchings are very close
together and, unless you are experienced in soldering small
electronic connections, I recommend you buy the completed
board. Although I did not assemble the kit for this review,
I consider myself to be an experienced technician and
estimate it could be assembled in about an hour. In the case
If you're still plugging printed
circuit cards into your
CoCo 1
CoCo2
CoCo 3
ziHtfiout a card guide . . .
CUT IT OUT
Write or call for a free brochure describing
printed circuit cards and guides designed
for the CoCo expanstion port Bare cards
or with connector for disk controller.
206 782-6809
ROBOT]^>j<^|CROSYSTEMS
BOX 30807 SEATTLE, WA 98103
of either the kit or the fully assembled product, the
installation procedure is the same. Several suggestions are
given to ensure stray static electricity is not present before
handling the board. The four 128K RAM chips (IC16, IC17,
IC 1 8 and I C 1 9) are removed. I stored mine in conductive
foam and wrapped them in aluminum foil for safekeeping.
Capacitator C65 must also be removed and can be clipped
with wire cutters. The JramR upgrade mounts the compo-
nents on top of the board. This is a good idea since it allows
better air circulation around the chips. J & R was wise to
use special header pins that contain an integral spacer. This
prevents the board from being pushed down too far into
the sockets on the CoCo 3 board. The spacers serve to
prevent electrical contact between the bottom of the JramR
board and components on the CoCo 3 board. Although no
ground plane shield is used, I did not detect any RFI (Radio
Frequency Interference) on nearby radio equipment or a TV
set.
One of the best things about this upgrade is that it comes
with some very useful utility software. With either the kit
or assembled board, you get a disk and an 18-page user's
manual full of helpful ideas on using your expanded
memory. The disk contains the following programs:
JRAMRDSK
J RAM RSPL
JRAMRTST
RAMDSKUT
a customizable RAMDisk program
that patches into DOS and emulates
one or two FAST disk drives.
a customizable machine language
printer spooler program that allows
you to compute while your printer
prints.
a RAM test program that lets you see
if all 512K is functioning.
a BASIC subroutine that allows the
user to do things such as change a
RAMDisk drive assignment or back
up from the RAMDisk to your real
drive.
I tried all of the programs and they worked fine. Most
impressive was RAM DISK. The ability to do a directory
without a drive coming on aid nearly instant loading of
programs is quite impressive.
I think J & R Electronics is on the right track with their
upgrade. The do-it-yourselfer or the non-hacker can both
be satisfied, and the inclusion of some pretty nice software
rounds out the package.
(J & R Electronics, P.O. Box 2572, Columbia, MD 21045;
301-788-0861, $139.95 Assembled; $109.95 Kit plus $4
S/H)
— Jerry Semones
134
THE RAINBOW June 1987
Software Review ^^^^^^S^^^^^^^^tT^
Magical Spells and Treasures
Abound in Cave Walker
"Grab your hat and enter the legendary Cave of the
Mystics. Within this underground palace, magical spells and
treasures abound. Do you have what it takes to find the
secret vault and the fabulous Treasure of the Ancients?
Watch out f or the steam jets and the Great White Bat, whose
sole purpose is to stop you."
And so we begin a review of one of Tandy's latest entries
into the game arena, Cave Walker. This game requires a 64K
CoCo with disk drive and joystick. It operates under the
OS-9 Level I shell that comes on the disk, but has some
provisions for Level II OS-9.
Cave Walker brings together the concepts of the Adven-
ture game and the arcade game. Your objective is to find
the treasure chest that controls the entrance to the secret
vault. But first, you must find the three spell books that give
you the magic key needed to open the treasure chest. The
method of moving through the caverns is determined by
careful manipulation of the joystick, as in a classic arcade
game. While this blending of the two game forms is not
particularly new, Cave Walker is set up in a way that makes
it interesting and definitely challenging.
To effectively play the game, you will have to master
jumping and good joystick positioning. This can be
achieved by using the practice game mode and the jump
meter at the top-center of the screen. This meter reflects the
position of the joystick. When the joystick is positioned at
the edges, long distance jumps are achieved. With the
joystick positioned near the center, you can jump virtually
straight up. However, you have to be steady with the
joystick in order to keep from falling off cavern ledges. As
you can see, learning how to jump with the joystick is crucial
to this game.
To aid you in moving from cavern to cavern, you must
collect door keys that allow you to open a door to the next
cavern. If you have collected some of the bags of gold that
are found in the caverns, you not only score points but a
bag can be used to open a door. Also, scattered throughout
the caverns are locks that open new passages and make
hidden doors or passages appear. Of course, you need to
find a lock key to open them.
When you move around a cavern, you need to use certain
objects. Floating islands move you either vertically or
horizontally. Some of these islands require considerable
skill to get on them; hence, the need to develop good
jumping skills. Pillars rise and fall out of the cave floor and
can be used to move to different levels of the cavern. Some
caverns also have springs to increase jumping distance.
In all of the caverns, there are objects that you should
avoid. One of these is the firepit. Care must be taken when
jumping over the firepit, as fireballs are often emitted. On
the ceilings of most caverns are steam jets, which shoot
down like lasers. On the sides of caverns, there are cannons
that fire missiles. Contact with any of the these results in
death. Even if you are successful in avoiding these dangers,
you still must watch out for the great white bat. If you are
bitten by the white bat, you lose strength equal to half of
the maximum.
Throughout the caverns there are objects, such as flasks,
umbrellas and rings, which protect you from the dangers
of the caverns. Be careful of your jumping, for even non-
fatal falls reduce your strength. So, watch the strength meter
at the top-left corner of the screen and pick up loaves of
bread to increase your strength whenever possible.
Keep in mind it is always possible to save a game, so you
don't have to start with the first cavern when you lose a
game. However, don't save a game too many times! No,
your computer won't blow up, but your final score is
affected by the number of game saves during a game. When
you complete the game, you receive a bonus of 30,000 points
if you have not saved and/ or loaded the game more than
10 times. If you do more than 10 saves or loads, you lose
500 points for each save or load.
Cave Walker was designed to run on all models of the
Color Computer with at least 64K of memory. With a CoCo
1 or 2, the game operates in the standard PMOOE 4 graphics
with artifacted colors. With a CoCo 3 and an RGB monitor,
there is a provision to produce color.
At the beginning of this review, I noted that Cave Walker
also runs on a Level II OS-9 system. Unfortunately, Level
11 was not available at the time of this writing, so we were
unable to test this option. However, according to the
manual, the Hi-Res graphics of the CoCo 3 are used. Also,
there is a provision for two-button control from the joystick
when using Level II. On Level I systems, the space bar is
used instead of the second button.
Overall, I enjoyed the game very much. Although the
theme of Cave Walker is similar to a number of games, I
found it to be a real challenge. So much so, that I haven't
gotten through a game during the month I've been working
on this review.
It is important to emphasize the care that went into this
game. It appears every effort was made to make the game
compatible with all CoCo models and still take advantage
of some of the CoCo 3's features. Of course, this will not
always be possible, but it's nice to see that the effort was
made.
(Tandy Corporation. Available in Radio Shack stores
nationwide, $29.95)
— Donald Dollberg
June 1987 THE RAINBOW 135
Software Review.
Color Scribe III
Word Power for the CoCo 3
Color Scribe ///is Computerware's new word processor
for the CoCo 3, requiring 128K and one disk drive. Color
Scribe III is a line editor and, at first, 1 was very skeptical
of its usefulness. After using it for some time, I believe it
may be the best line editor I have seen. While it is not a
screen editor, it has a multitude of very powerful features.
Color Scribe ///uses "dot" commands for text format-
ting. It has a maximum line length of 250 characters and
has three modes to manipulate your file. First, there is the
Command mode. You work with the entire file here. In this
mode, you are able to move selected blocks of text, find,
delete or change specific words. The Input mode lets you
work with one line of text at a time. It is used to input new
lines. Again, each line has a maximum length of 250
characters. If you enter the 251st character, the computer
beeps at you, and you must backspace a character and press
ENTER to start a new line before you can continue.
The Line Edit mode gives you control over one line at
a time. Working in this mode allows you to do just about
everything to a line of text: insert or delete characters, break
a line into two lines or combine two lines together. When
combining two lines, you must be careful not to combine
lines that would make a line longer than 250 characters. It
J, !
;] I. '
MAGAZINE FOR COLOn COMPUTER USERS.
Spectrogram Magazine provides useful and interesting support material
for the Color Computer with a wide range of programs and articles by
some of the best writers and programmers available.
BASIC HeJp -by Bill Bernico: A monthly question-and-answer
column tor the BASIC programer. Using program examples, Bill
gi ves detailed answers to questions ierfc By our readers.
Pascal Pro gr amming by Delmar Searls: With useful program
examples, Dcfmar gives, an irr-depth study of Pascal and how to
use it effectively.
Downtime by Rush Caley: Thought-provoking, emotional, and at
times very humorous, Downtime is informative and entertaining,
providing little-known facts and new and different ideas.
CoCo Club Cor ner by Ted Paul: News and information about your
organization^; RHS r newsletter, and club activities in this cofumn-
Strict ly J? u s jncii : A special section for use of the Color Computer In
a bus in ess- like setting- Problem-solving techniques' j>rogr am 5> such
as Trend Analysis ana Ad Effect, interviews ana profiles.
The permanent columns and series compliment an array of articles
covering Assembly, C, OS-9, graphics animation with an emphasis on
understanding, utilities, games, and home management — and all
programs are available on "Finger Savers" disk or tape.
pnl A t£ S t^£ *rr E ,L 2 ISSUES 0F SPECTROGRAM MAGAZINE
l"OR >7\ \40% off the cover price).
Name:
Address:
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Exp.
Signature
Mail to:
SPECTROGRAM MAGAZINE
P. O. Box 138 (81 5)968-9600
Rockford, IL 61 105
forclon subscrip tions: (U.S. currency only)
r jnada and HpxIco 178 All others $36
Single Issue price: $2.95
Finger Savers $70 per year ()Dfsk (}Tape
will then display 251 characters, signal with a beep, and the
remainder of the line will be lost. You will then have to
backspace one character (to 250) and press ENTER.
Turning to the display, the Default Screen mode displays
40 by 24. The options for the display include 40 by 24
(default), 64 by 24 or 80 by 24. You can select a blue, green,
amber or monochrome (black and white) screen. You also
have the option for inverse video. Now, once you settle on
your favorite setup for the screen, save it and load that
program with the default mode you want.
One more turn reveals commands that allow you to
manipulate parts of your file in the three modes. The
available commands include a type of Search and Replace
with a confirm option. To view your file, you can either Print
the file to a printer or List the file to the screen. If you want
the screen listing to appear as what will be printed, use the
Format function. This implements all the special features,
but more on Format later.
Color Scribe III has many features not always found in
other line editors. A Bell command lets you set a bell to
sound when entering a character in a specific column. This
corresponds to the margin bell on a typewriter. If you are
a quick typist, sometimes the character being typed as the
bell goes off is not always received by the computer. When
you want to save your work, Color Scribe III has the
capability to write the whole file, or only a specific block,
to disk. This can come in handy if you want to save a portion
of your file so it can be used in another file. The Free
command provides you with the amount of free buffer
space. The buffer starts out with just under 64K bytes free.
If you find that this is not enough to cover your entire file,
a More command allows you to have and edit a file larger
than 64K bytes. The Clone command saves your customized
version of Color Scribe III to disk under the name
CLONE .BIN.
Once you are ready to see how your file is going to look
on paper, the Format command comes in. This starts the
text formatter and implements all the "dot" commands
embedded in the file. You have the option of . FI (default:
Fill) or . NF (No-Fill) f or line formatting. The Fill command
does a right-hand justify and implements word-wrap. Then
if you turn Fill off by .NF, this is close to a ragged-right
mode. I say close because if you have a line longer than the
specified line length, the line will be cut off at the line length
exactly, even if it puts part of a word on one line and the
rest on the next line. This would be a good place to use the
Bell command.
I stated earlier that each line can be as long as 250
characters. Well, each line is appended successively when
the Format command is given so, when you want to start
a new paragraph, you enter a BREAK (.BR) or SPACE (.SP)
to separate paragraphs. This sounds a little confusing, but
in practice it is fairly simple. The point is that you will not
want to have all your lines at 250 characters. I suggest close
to the line length you want printed out. Color Scribe III
supports many special features, such as centering, under-
lining, headings, footnotes, and relative indenting, and has
the capabilities of sending user-defined control codes to the
printer for other special effects.
(Computerware, 4403 Manchester Ave., Suite 102, Enci-
nitas, CA 92024; 619-436-3512, $49.95 plus $2 S/H)
— Dale E. Shell
136 THE RAINBOW June 1987
Software Review,
Pick Up the Path with
The Amazin^ Maze Game
Many of you probably have sat down with the daily
newspaper or a favorite puzzle book and traced your pencil
up, down and sidewise in the complex labyrinth of a maze.
Some professionals never get over the fun of the maze and
love to watch mice or rats find their way through mazes for
a reward of cheese. Well, The Amazin' Maze Game provides
that same fun. Instead of cheese, the reward is the high
score. Mikaron Software has developed a maze game that
includes 60 mazes to keep the maze fanatic happy for quite
a while. The game requires a 64 K CoCo with one disk drive.
THE COLOR COMPUTER MONJHY MAGAZINE
tlen = 2 Ener gy Dqt s =
The Amazin' Maze Game should not be written off as
another variant of Pac Man. There are no "beasties" chasing
you around the maze; you can take all the time you need.
You start at one end and try to find the best way through
the maze to the other side. Very simple, or is it? The mazes
provided with the game are fairly complex and should give
everyone a good challenge. Starting with three men, you
proceed through the maze trying to find the best way out,
while accumulating points. Points are accumulated by
collecting the white objects scattered throughout the maze.
These are worth 1000 points each. The blue objects are the
destroyers; don't pick them up unless you have picked up
three red objects, the energizers, f or every one destroyer that
you cross. If you haven't picked up at least three energizers,
then you lose your man. If you have three energizers, then
you get 500 points when you pick up the destroyer. You now
have to find three more energizers in order to cross over
the next destroyer. That's the challenge — to find the path
through the maze, all the while accumulating energizers to
get through the passages that the destroyers have blocked.
While doing this you must accumulate as many white
objects as possible.
The Amazin' Maze Gameis written in machine language
with the maze displayed in the artif acted PMDDE 4 colors.
While the game runs on a CoCo 3 with a TV, it cannot be
run on a CM-8 RGB monitor, as it appears in black and
white. Movement through the maze is controlled by the
arrow keys. A joystick would have been nicer, but it is not
a major loss. Overall, The Amazin' Maze Game is a neat
game and certainly well worth the modest price.
(Mikaron Software Company, P.O. Box 1064, Chester, CA
96020; $9.95 plus $.50 S/H) "
— Donald Dollberg
Back copies of many issues of THE
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THE RAINBOW
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June 1987 THE RAINBOW 137
Hardware Review*
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PAL Switcher Solves
ulti-Pak Dilemma
One of the first things we learned when the new CoCo
3 came out was that the Multi-Pak Interface (MPI) would
not work unless its internal PAL chip was replaced. We also
learned that this was a lot easier to do on the old Multi-
Pak (R.S. Catalog No. 26-3024) than it was on the newer
version (R.S. Catalog No. 26-3 1 24). If you have the newer
26-3 124, this review will not be of interest to you, so I
recommend you read Marty Goodman's upgrade article in
the January 1987 RAINBOW on this subject.
Before I bought my CoCo 3, I called National Parts and
ordered Part No. AXX-7123. The first thing I did when I
got my new CoCo was to change PAL chips in my MPL
While I was making this change, I wondered how often I
would regret changing the PAL as the MPI would now only
work on the CoCo 3 but not on my older CoCo 1 (or CoCo
2). How would I be able to use CoCo Max now that the
new PAL chip was no longer compatible with my older
CoCo? I did nol like the idea of having to change PAL chips
every time I wanted to use the MPI on different Color
Computers! Well, obviously Marty Goodman recognized
this problem early because he has designed a PAL Switcher
Kit for the older MPIs that solves this dilemma. The kit
consists of a small 2J/2-inch square, single-sided, glass epoxy
printed circuit board that contains sockets for both PAL
chips. A third "header" socket plugs into the original PAL
socket in the MPI, and an attached double pole, single
throw switch is mounted on the MPI so either PAL chip
can be selected. Since you have to remove the old PAL chip
anyway to insert the new chip, it makes sense to install this
board while you are at it so you can maintain full compat-
ibility on all CoCos.
The kit is very easy to install but does require you to open
the MPI case (keep this in mind if yours is still under
warranty). The documentation consists of VA pages of
typewritten, easy-to-follow steps and illustrations to
complete the installation. You will also have to drill a 54-
inch hole in the case of the MPI to mount the switch. I put
mine just to the left of the slot selector switch and it works
just fine there, but you can put it anywhere you like since
about lYi inches of wire is attached to the switch. No
soldering is required and total installation time is about 20
minutes.
■
The PAL Switcher is offered in two versions. You can buy
just the kit for $29.95 or the kit with the new PAL chip
installed for $39.95.
This is a product that will be very well received in the
CoCo market. It provides the opportunity to not only
upgrade your MPI f or use on the CoCo 3 but to continue
to use it on your older CoCo as well. It's a good idea at
a fair price.
(Spectrum Projects Inc., P.O. Box 264, Howard Beach, NY
11414; 718-835-1344, $29.95 w/o PAL; $39.95 w/PAL plus
$3 S/H)
— Jerry Semones
138
THE RAINBOW
June 1987
Software Review*
SECA Coupon Filer
Takes Charge
Ah, database programs — such handy things. Southeast-
ern Computer Arts markets a coupon filer program that is,
in essence, a dedicated database program. Nearly any
database program could be set up to do this job, since by
their nature database programs are flexible creatures. A
good database program can be used for a wide variety of
tasks, but may not be ideally suited for each — there may
need to be some compromises made. On the other hand,
you gain the convenience of a single set of commands to
learn and the ability to tailor data input and output to your
needs. A dedicated program such as the SECA Coupon
Filer is not flexible. It is meant to do one job only, but to
do it well, and with all functions optimized for the task at
hand. Coupon Filer is successful in all those respects.
"It is meant to do one job only,
but to do it well, and with all
functions optimized for the
task at hand. "
Coupon Filer has seven main options: enter data, correct
data, search for expired coupons, select coupons, calculate
coupon worth, print a list of coupons, and change entry
date. The first two and the last are self-explanatory. The
third allows the user to find and delete any outdated
coupons from the file. The fourth option allows the user
to scan through the coupons on file and select one to use
on a shopping trip. The program then allows you to print
a list of the selected coupons and delete these coupons from
the file. The fifth option figures the worth of the coupons
on file and shows it on the screen, and the sixth option prints
a complete list of all the coupons on file including the total
worth. A maximum of 200 coupons can be stored.
All the program options work as stated in the manual.
The overall program worked smoothly. The user is pro-
tected from input errors in nearly all instances. The
information screens and menus are attractive, and the
manual is complete, neatly printed and well-organized. The
program is provided on an unprotected disk and carries a
90-day- warranty. A printer is recommended but not
required.
As with any database program, initial data entry is time-
consuming. The payoff should come with the resultant rapid
manipulation of data, and the ability to select and print that
data in a variety of forms. The purpose of a database
program should be to make the user's life easier. But
Coupon Filer seems to add more work, not relieve it.
Coupons still have to be cut, put in some sort of file, and
manually retrieved for use when this program is used; but
in addition, they must now be entered and selected
electronically as well.
In short, SECA Coupon Filer works well, is user-friendly,
and is well-documented, but may not actually save the user
any time.
(Southeastern Computer Arts, P.O.Box 3134, Gulf port, MS
39505; 601-832-8236, $19.98 plus $3 S/H)
— Mark Williams
ORDER PHONE (416) 456-0032
Get your free Catalogue! May we market your programs?
Duck Productions, 18 Rowe Court, Brampton. Ontario, Canada L6X 2S2
Please add $2.00 lor handling. Ontario residents add 7% provincial lax
Micro • Fi re the ultimate secret weapon.
Have you beat your thumbs more than the aliens? mis is a great
rapid fire circuit thafs easily installed on any joystick. Has no computer
side effects. Comes with complete instructions and calibration program
lor adjustment to taste. $19.95 ($24.95 CDN.) Reviewed October 86
Class Monitor Dual monitor driver
The best monitor driver lor any Coco. I drives any composite, colour
or monochrome monitors. Complete with dual audio outputs tor
immediate access of either or both monitors. Simple insiallahon
instructions. $31 .50(539.50 CDN.)
Laser Mazer master puzzle of reflections
The supreme game of suspense. Engage in a strategic battle of lime
and space. A realtime contest of wits. $14.95 ($19.95 CDN)
Battle to D-Day the multiple player adventure
The master game of strategy. Battle against time, battle against the
Third Reich. Up to lour joystick players. Adventure in thoughtware.
$29.95 ($38.95 CDN.*
] \COMPUT€R PRODUCTS
RAINBOW
CERTIFICATION
SEAL
Machine Genisis assembly tutor ...plus
is a clean and simple approach to learning binary programming The
package includes lull beginners instruction in plain language, an editor
assembler, a debugger, a disassembler and utilities lor advanced study
and application. Fantastic value at only $34.95 ($49.95 CDN.)
Buy Quality and Value!
Keeping Track more than a disk manager.
If you own more than two disks you'll love Keeping Track. A manager
menu ol nine utilities that do il all! The real highlight is "D". the
directory/auiostart. It's a continuous access l.D. direciory lhai loads
and executes any program with a single keystroke. All programs
fully documented. SPECIAL SALE 1 only $14.95 ($19.95 CDN)
Map 'n Zap semi automatic disk repair
The layman's step by step kit for direciory and grain table repair.
Locates errors, maps out disk contents to screen or printer, backs
up any flawed disk and prompts built in disk zap lor repair. Complete
with lull tutorial on Coco's disk input / output access operation.
S19.95 (S24.95 CDN.) Reviewed January 87
Code Buster machine language disassembler
Three terrific programs to explore machine language. Screen or printer
accurate disassembly ol binary code. Simple prompied procedure
with some instruction to dissect and understand your ROMs Fully
documented lor only $19.95 ($24.95 CDN.)
June 1987 THE RAINBOW 1 39
Software Review,
Software Review
"Wife rjp^ "■ Af™^% "W"Wt
StopBurn: IheLMl haver
Stop Bum is a utility that provides needed relief from a
little-known malady that afflicts computer users. If a
constant image is displayed on your computer's screen for
long periods of time, it can "burn" or "etch" its way into
the coating on the inside of your monitor. This will, in time,
make the monitor's display hard to read and will ultimately
force its replacement. StopBurn provides relief from this
potential damage,
StopBurn is a machine language utility program that may
be loaded into a convenient location in your computer's
memory. Once executed, it links itself into the interrupt
servicing structure in your CoCo and starts to protect your
CRT.
StopBurn monitors your computer for signs of I/O
activity such as keyboard entries, disk I/O, printer output,
cr joystick movement. When such activity ceases for three
minutes, StopBurn blanks your screen in order to avoid
screen "burn-in." When any of the above I/O activities
resumes, StopBurn rapidly restores the text screen for you.
StopBurn is supplied in two forms: the program itself and
a testing program called StopTest. The difference is that
StopTest is intended to be used for testing purposes only,
and blanks the screen after 10 seconds, not the three minutes
required for StopBurn. Other than that, the two programs
are identical.
The documentation supplied with StopBurn is in the form
of a BASIC program, The Book, which can be run from Disk
BASIC. The program provides the minimum knowledge
necessary to use StopBurn. Personally, I would prefer to
see printed documentation, for it eliminates the need to run
a BASIC program to review the operation of the program.
The instructions concerning how to load StopBurn from
within a BASIC program were incorrect. Space should be
cleared before LORDMing the program, not after, as the
direction program, The Book, stated. I view this as a simple
oversight and, hopefully, it will be corrected shortly.
I had some difficulties using StopBurn in the high-RAM
locations. Most of the problems were related to nonperfor-
mance of the program. This was especially true when using
my CoCo 3. The program would simply not run properly.
If loaded at other locations (such as &HE00), the program
worked fine. However, when using StopTest, the screen
would blank every 10 seconds, then return to normal color
almost immediately. I was expecting the screen to stay
darkened, waiting for a key press, and I was unable to
determine why this instance occurred. This problem did not
exhibit itself when using StopBurn,
I have used similar programs on my IBM computer. I feel
that StopBurn offers some refinements over these pro-
grams, Despite its few idiosyncracies, StopBurn is a
valuable utility for the medium-experienced CoCo user.
(Lucas Industries 2000, 14720 Cedar Street NE, Alliance,
OH 44601 ; 216-823-4221, $15)
— Don Hutchison
Lockout Secures Your
Disk Contents
When I received Lockout to review, I immediately started
thinking of how this program could benefit someone, As
a teacher, I could lock my grade and test files, As a
programmer, I could prevent unauthorized snooping at any
programs I was developing. A small business could use it
to protect financial or inventory reports. A parent could
lock up the games until homework is done. Just about
everyone has something he would like to secure. With those
thoughts in mind, I read the documentation and was ready
to go.
There are two pages of documentation that fully outline
the procedures for locking your disk. The software is user-
friendly with one menu that does all the work. As with all
software, step one should be to back up the master disk.
The standard backup command works. The directory
contains two programs: L0CK.BR5 for the CoCo 1 and 2
and L0CK3-BR5 for the CoCo 3, Both programs may be
customized as to default drive number, and LOCO may be
changed to re-enable the BREAK key and to alter the palette
to your liking.
You are directed to load the program for your model
computer and follow the directions for customizing and
inserting your password. The password may be up to 255
characters in length. When you run the customized
program, you are instructed to save it under LOCKOUT . BR5
or L0CK0UT3.BR5. This program can then be placed on any
disk you want to protect, or left on a system disk. It need
not be on the disk you are locking.
Lockout has four menu options: 1) Lock a Disk, 2)
Unlock a Disk, 3) Select Drive and 4) End. If you choose
Option 1, you are given the option of using a double
password system. The second password may be up to eight
characters. When completed, your disk is locked. If you exit
the program and type DIR you see only one program,
UNLOCK . BR5, or the word LOCKED if the program isn't
resident on that disk. Your disk will seem full. If you run
UNLOCK, you get the same menu as before. Option 2 allows
you to enter the password(s) and, presto, your disk is
unlocked. DIR will show the original directory.
I was curious as to how secure the disk was. 1 am an
experienced BASIC programmer, but looking at Lockout
didn't give me any clue as to how it worked, or what the
password(s) were. In that sense the disk is secure. I pulled
out a disk, zapper, dusted it off, and in five minutes I had
an unlocked disk. So, the security of the disk depends on
the skill of the person trying to crack it. It does lock out
the casual intruder, but it might be nice if , when the original
directory is relocated, it is encrypted in some fashion.
If you need a program that will lock the disk in the
manner described above, then Lockout is one to consider.
It is easy to use and not very expensive.
(Custom Software, Box 42, Long Lane, MO 65590; 417-345-
8163, $15 plus $1.25 S/H)
— Aram Langhans
140 THE RAINBOW June 1987
The Best Money Can Buy . . .
HDS Floppy Drive Controller Board
Reduce your I/O errors with the Hard Drive Specialist
Floppy Drive Controller for the Golor Computer. Gold edge
card connectors, advanced design, and the absence of
potentiometers make it the best available. Our newest ver-
sion controller allows the use of either- (two 24 pin ROMS),
or (one 24 pin and one 28 pin ROM). Using this board
with the standard Radio Shack ROM gives you 100% com-
patibility with all Radio Shack software.
Completed and Tested Board
with Radio Shack ROM $99.
(Includes Case, and DOS Instructions)
Completed and Tested Board without ROM . . . $79.
(Includes Case)
Bare Board with Instruction manual $30.
Parts Kit For Bare Board without ROM $30.
Radio Shack ROM (current version) $20.
Radio Shack ROM 1.0 $40.
Ordering Information :
Use our>WATS line to place your *>rdef via Visa, MasterQarct, or Wire Transfor Or
mail your payment directly to us. Any non- certified funds will ba held until proper
clearance is made. COO orders are accepted as well as purchase orders from
government agencies. Most items are shipped off the shelf with the exception of hard
drive products that are custom built. U&S jground is our standard means of shipping
unless otherwise specified. Shipping costs are available upon request.
Drive 0 SS/DD $150
WHILE SUPPLY LASTS!
Drive 0 Complete V $199.
Drive 1 Complete $129.
Drive 0 & 1 Dual Drive $319.
HARD DRIVE SPECIALIST
1-713-480-6000
Order Line 1-800-231-6671
16208 Hickory Knoll
Houston, Texas 77059
Software Review ^^^^^^^^S^^^^^^/^\
More Challenges From
The Learning Company
Education blooms again on the Color Computer with
software from The Learning Company. Moptown Parade,
Moptown Hotel and Magic Spells all require a Tandy Color
Computer, Extended BASIC and a disk drive. Bumble
Games may be purchased on cassette.
Magic Spells is a game designed for children ages 6 to
10. It provides spelling exercises in the form of scrambled
words or a flashcard technique where words are displayed
briefly on the screen and the student spells them from
memory. Sample word lists are provided, or you may make
up your own and save them to disk. The lists may contain
up to 20 words, and each word may be up to 15 characters
in length. Utilities are provided to copy lists, add new lists,
and delete lists, as well as display a list.
Each time a correct answer is given on the first try, the
student receives a reward represented by a picture of a full
treasure chest. If it takes more than one try, you must split
the treasure with a demon. If you receive assistance from
the computer, the demon receives all of the treasure. Magic
Spells is very interesting and can provide a great classroom
experience. The only problem I found was that my copy
came with a manual for a Commodore 64. Since I used to
own one of these, I had no problem translating the program
loading instructions. All other instructions are built into the
game, so you will have no problem once you load it. Maybe
Tandy can correct this oversight soon.
Bumble Games is an educational math program for ages
5 to 10. It is designed to teach the basic concepts of arrays
and grids. The program consists of six different games using
a grid and x,y coordinate techniques. It comes on either
cassette or disk.
WOULD YOU LIKE INSTRUCTIONS?
<V OF. N>
The first game, Find Your Number, provides a straight
line numbered from 0 to 5 either horizontally or vertically.
The object is to guess the number the computer has chosen.
After each guess, an arrow is provided to indicate if the
correct number is higher or lower than the number you
chose. Games two and three, Find the Bumble and Butterfly
Hunt, provide a 4-by-4 or 5-by-5 matrix of boxes lettered
*A' to 'D' or 4 E' horizontally and 0 to 3 or 4 vertically. Hidden
in a box is the bumble or a butterfly. You provide the x,y
coordinates to locate the hidden object. The difference in
the two games is the way clues are given. Find the Bumble
uses arrows to point up, down, left or right, while Butterfly
Hunt uses word clues.
Visit From Space uses a 5-by-5 grid of numbers to assist
you in locating Bumble's cousin from space. This time the
character is hidden where two lines intersect and, again, you
must choose the correct coordinates for the intersections
and are provided with word clues when your guess is
incorrect. Tic Tac Toe is also a game of coordinates;
however, this one is for two players. The object, of course,
is to place four dots in a row before your opponent does.
Bumble Dots is the last game. Here you play a dot-to-
dot game by either selecting one of Bumble's pictures or by
creating one of your own for someone else to play. Selecting
one of Bumble's pictures displays one dot at a time, and
you must provide the correct x,y coordinates for each dot.
Clues are provided with each incorrect guess. As each dot
is named, it is connected to the other dots until a complete
picture is drawn. If you choose to create your own picture,
you are asked how many dots and the location of each. You
may name your picture and save it so that it may be used
in a later game.
If you have Extended BASIC 1.0, you may receive an SN
error when running Bumble Games after power on. Typing
RUN again will cure the problem. This is not stated in the
manual, but I found it in both Moptown manuals. Bumble
Games provides excellent practice in learning how to plot
coordinates.
Moptown Parade and Moptown Hotel form a series of
1 1 different games using creatures called Moppets. Parade
is for ages 6 to 10, and Hotel is for ages 8 to 13. The games
are progressively more difficult. They are used to teach
patterns, similarities and differences.
Moppets have four different traits: tall or short, thin or
fat, red or blue, and bibbit or gribbit. A bibbit has a long
nose; a gribbit has no nose but instead has a curly tail. The
simplest game is Make My Twin where you describe a
moppet with the same traits as one displayed. The hardest
is Moptown Hotel. Here you have 16 squares in a 4-by-4
matrix. Two players alternately place moppets into adjacent
squares. The catch is — each moppet placed must be
different from all those adjacent, by two traits. This
becomes more and more difficult as more moppets are
placed. Even adults may find this one a real challenge.
The Moptown series is a delight to use. My 9-year-old
really enjoyed them. These games are a great way of
teaching the concepts of "same" and "different."
The Learning Company series is a fun way to teach young
children, providing a challenge and yet still remaining fun.
They would make a nice addition to anyone's library of
educational software.
(The Learning Company, 545 Middlefield Rd., Suite 170,
Menlo Park, CA 94025; 415-328-5410; Magic Spells $34.95;
Moptown Parade and Hotel, $39.95 each. Available in
Radio Shack stores nationwide.)
— Larry Birkenfeld
142
THE RA/NBOW June 1987
Software Review*
Dragon's Castle — A Bargain
Basement Adventure
The Dragon's Castle by Mitchell Software is a graphics
Adventure, using four-color, medium resolution graphics,
for all Color Computers. It is written in BASIC, runs slowly
(unless you have a CoCo 3 and use POKE 65497,0 to run
double speed), is fairly easy to solve, has a limited
vocabulary, and does not allow the player to save a game.
Most importantly, both the graphics and the plot could
stand a major improvement.
Yet, in spite of these drawbacks, The Dragon's Castle is
worth consideration. This game is by no means "state of
the art," nor is it baffling. But it is fun to play. Thus, for
those of you wanting the thrill of Adventure, but with
budgetary restrictions, The Dragon's Castle might be
something to consider.
The game is available on an unprotected disk or cassette,
and it loads easily. You use two-word commands, such as
LOOK ALTAR, USE SWORD, or TAKE BOOK to tell the computer
what you want to do. The top half of the screen presents
a graphic view of where you are (in PMDDE 3, or four-color,
medium resolution graphics), while the bottom half of the
screen presents short, nondescriptive statements telling you
where you are and asking for your command. Your quest
is to rid the princess' castle from the big, bad dragon. You'll
also have to fight a few other meanies, as well as avoiding
the Elvish Imp, a dastardly kleptomaniac.
The Dragon's Castle is fairly easy to solve. It will
probably take the average Adventure player only five hours
to finish. Most of the puzzles are unremarkable, and the
Two-Liner Contest Winner . . .
This little wonder lets you enter sound values, play
them and even print them out. Just enter the pitch value
and length for each note. Make sure not to use a value
greater than 255.
The listing;
1 CLS8 : PRINT@32 , "INPUT SOUND &LEN
GTH. EX: 1)8/1)8. WHEN DONE, INPU
T 999,999. " : DIM A(25)3) , B(25)8) :FO
RT=1T025)3:PRINT@128, "#" ;T; : INPUT
A(T),B(T):IF A(T)=999 THEN GOTO
2 ELSE NEXT
2 PRINT@12 8, fI PLAYBACK
11 : FOR N=l TO T-l : SOUND A(N),B(N)
:NEXT:PRINT@128, "PRINT (Y/N) : " ; :
INPUTP$:IF P$="N" THEN RUN ELSE
FOR N=l TO T-1:PRINT#-2,"#";N;"
";A(N) ;",";B(N) : NEXT: RUN
Matthew Coenen
Norwalk, I A
(For I his winning two-liner conlesl enlry, the author has been sent copies of
both The Second Rainbow Book of Simulations and its companion The Second
Rainbow Simulations Tape.)
YOU ARE IN THE FOREST ON
A PATHWAY
YOU SEE NOTHINO.
OBVIOUS EXITS NORTH,
EAST. NEST.
MHBT now?
limited vocabulary doesn't give one a great deal of freedom.
Still, the game isn't all that bad, and I did enjoy playing
it. I'm not going to recommend it to most. I personally
would rather save up my money and spend $35 on a really
good Adventure than $15 on a couple of minor ones. Yet,
if you've been yearning for some adventure and don't have
tons of money, you might find The Dragon's Castle to be
what you're looking for.
(Mitchell Software, P.O. Box 194, Tomahawk, WI 54487;
715-453-4204, $14.95 plus $1.50 S/H)
— Eric W. Tilenius
Canadians!
We arc Canada's largest
national distributor of
Software for the Colour
Computer
Send for your FREE copy of our
Catalog
Kellynews is now available and contains news,
hints, programs and articles from the crew at Kelly
Software. We are Canada's largest national
distributor of Colour Computer products and we
stock all the latest games, utilities, simulations and
business programs. We encourage all Canadian
Colour Computer owners and Dealers to send for
our FREE catalog.
Kelly Software Distributors Ltd,
P.O. Box 608, Station T Calgary, Alta. T2H 2H2
Tel: (403) 236-2161
June 1987 THE RAINBOW 143
Software R e vie ji^^^^^^^^^^^^^^Sf?^
Should MYDOS Be
Your DOS?
If you bought your CoCo 3 in Princeton in October, or
shortly thereafter, have memorized your Radio Shack
dealer's home phone number, and rip your mailbox off its
mounts when RAINBOW arrives, MYDOS from Hawksoft
could be your DOS.
DOS — three mighty letters which stand for Disk
Operating System. In the CoCo 3 that is DOS 2. 1, the most
powerful and versatile DOS from Radio Shack for the
CoCo. MYDOS is not a stand-alone or separate DOS. It is
a DOS enhancer, which gives the user certain features and
capabilities that the CoCo does not have without it. MYDOS
is a very useful extra for the CoCo and, in spite of a few
drawbacks, is well worth the price.
MYDOS adds the following features to the CoCo 3:
1. Supports J&M disk controller printer port.
2. Resets drive heads to Track 0 to prevent "head
banging" on power-up.
3. Provides clear-reset function for a software cold
restart.
4. Utilizes Radio Shack Speech/ Sound cartridge.
5. Utilizes mouse control.
MYDOS also adds these six commands to disk BASIC:
1. Lease on/ off switches in and out of lowercase
2. Mdir gives a mouse controlled execution directory
3. Mouse on/off provides a very powerful input option
4. Voice on/ off echoes all input to speech cartridge
5. Say "Your input" or Say AB$ voice output
6. Xrun "program, bin: 1" &HI000 uses same syntax as
LDADM and EXEC, with the allowance of a drive specifier
and a memory offset location.
On the whole, MYDOS works very well. However, there
are a few drawbacks that I did want to mention. First, Lease
shows you lowercase letters, but converts them to uppercase
for the CoCo, so for real lowercase letters you must use the
SHIFT-O combination.
The Mouse command gives the user a double row of
punctuation, numbers and letters (the keyboard) plus a
BREAK., ENTER and CLEAR icon across the top of the screen.
Input is handled by moving a mouse or joystick to the
desired letter, and clicking. The letter becomes lowercase
if the cursor is on it, which takes a little getting used to.
Numbers and punctuation are in inverse video. This is a very
powerful input device, particularly for editing. I can see the
non-typists and handicapped users finding this feature very
helpful. The drawbacks: Only the right mouse/joystick port
is active, and there is no keyboard input possible while in
Mouse mode. Therefore, you must find and click Mouse Off
to exit this feature! Even reset will not dump you out of
it.
Also, with Voice On, the computer says every word that
is input. Most of these features work all the time, and all
work with BASIC (Xrun works with machine language), but
MYDOS does have a few quirks: The Mouse command will
not work with all programs, and Xrun will not run and load
all programs. The arena seems to be applications programs;
for instance, VIP Desktop cannot be Xrun, and Mouse and
Voice do not work. However, another product for the CoCo
3, a graphics Adventure, worked under Xrun. I suspect the
culprits here are certain memory locations used by machine
language programs. If the user has a particular application
in mind to use with MYDOS, he would probably want to
check on that particular software package for compatibility.
"MYDOS is a DOS enhancer,
which gives the user certain
features and capabilities that
the CoCo does not have
without it. "
One really nice feature of MYDOS is the customization
routine. This gives you the choice of which disk controller
you are using, screen display, prompt display, power up and
reset messages, and speech synthesizer on or off.
All in all, this is a very handy and useful product for the
price. I would recommend the EPROM option only after
using the disk version to see if the EPROM would suit your
needs. If it would, perhaps multiple DOS users would find
this an exceptional product indeed, particularly with its low
price.
The documentation is very straightforward, easy to read
and easy to follow. One final note about MYDOS: It arrived
from the U.S. Postal Service with the disk folded, spindled
and mutilated, and the EPROM pins mangled worse after
they had been poked through the disk. Chris Hawks, owner,
author and programmer of Hawksoft and MYDOS respec-
tively, had new materials to me in 24 hours with a very
courteous note. He even followed up with a newer revision
of the documentation a few days later. Therefore, I must
add excellent product support to MYDOS's qualifications.
(Hawksoft, 307 Sexauer Ave., Elgin, IL 60123; 312-742-
3084, $15 disk only, $35 disk and EPROM.)
— Jeffrey S. Parker
One-Liner Contest Winner . . .
This one is for all of us who can't afford the cost of
a trip to Egypt.
The listing:
lj3 CLS : PRINT 11 WELCOME TO EGYPT...
" : PMODE2 : PCLS : DRAWBM128 , 6j3 ;NG12
j3F12j3" :FORI=6jdT019j3STEPlj3:LINE(3
, I) -(251,1) , PSET : NEXT : PAINT ( 0 , $ )
, , 5 : SCREEN1 , 1 : E$="T5L4DEL2FEDL4P
29DEFAEFD" : F $= 11 P7 FGAAAAAGEFGGGGG
F" : SONG$="XE$ ; XF$ ;XE$ ; PI" : FORI=j3
TO1STEP0 : PLAYS ONG$ : NEXT
Calvin Barnett
Ft. Meade, FL
(For this winning one-liner contest entry, the author has been sent copies of
both The Second Rainbosv Book o/^mw/ar/omanditscompanion The Second
Rainbow Simulations Tape.)
144 THE RAINBOW June 1987
Software Review ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^/^\
Old Favorites in a Super
Collection of Super Games
Mikaron's Super Collection of Super Games may be a
welcome change from the common joystick shoot-'em-ups
or the recent fad of graphics Adventure games. Nothing in
this group is really new, but the price is low (averaging a
little over $4 per game) and there were no real "bugs" found .
There are some problems: On a CoCo 3, use of reset to
change artifact colors crashes the program, and attempts
to Quit a game to go to another often require having to do
a cold start. However, the overall programming and
debugging quality is good, and most users will have few
complaints.
The six games on the disk include:
4-in-a-Row, a 3-D version of Tic Tac Toe. It is well-don«
and challenging, and can be played by two players or youl
versus-computer. Red and blue were not easily discernable
on a monochrome monitor, but if you have a color TV or
a color monitor you should enjoy this one.
CoCo Cube is a form of Rubik's cube for computers.
Again, the use of a monochrome monitor is not recom-
mended. I must, however, compliment the author for a
superb Rubik's tutorial. His help screens are probably
worth the price of the entire disk.
63 Puzzle is a larger version of the old number scramble
puzzles that were a craze in the fifties. One attempts to
rearrange numbers from a random to a non-random order
using specified sliding moves.
Super Color Match is a similar concept using colored
blocks.
Two- Liner Contest Winner . . .
Here's a little something for you '60s music lovers.
■
The listing:
1 A$= ff 02L8B03C02BL203DP255L4 . DP2
55DP3 L8 CDCDL4 . FP4L8DCDCL402BP8L8
B03C02BL203DP255L4 . DP2 55DP3L8CDC
DL4 . FP8L8DCDCL402BP803L8EF7G7FL4
EL8F+G9A9GL4F+L802B03C02B03D02L4
.GL8B-L403CL4 .02BP4P8" :D$="03L8G
C02A03CFC02A03CGC02A03CFC02A03C ff
:'A HARD DAY'S NIGHT
2 B$= ff 03L8DL4GL8F+LlF+L8G7EP255L
4EL8F+GL4F+P2 55L8F+L2 . F+P2L8DL4F
+L8GL1GP255L8G7EP2 55L4EL8F+L4GL1
AP255L4.AP255L8AP8 11 : C$ = ff 02L8B03C
02B03DL4 . 02GL8B-L403CL802L4 . BP5L
8B03C02BL203DP255L4 . DP255D" : X$="
XA$ ; XA$ ; XB$ ; XA$ ; XA$ ; XB$ ; XA$ ; XC$ ;
XD$ ; XD$ ; 11 : PLAYX$ 1 GOICURIA
Eddie Goicuria
Maiden, MA
(For this winning two-liner contest entry, the author has been sent copies of
both The Second Rainbow Book of Simulations and its companion The Second
Rainbow Simulations Tape.)
One Peg is a game in which you remove pegs that have
been jumped over, while trying for an order that leaves only
one peg on the board — hopefully in the selected spot. You
may have seen this type game in plywood on the table at
diners or bars where service is unusually slow.
Progressive Puzzle is also one in which the order of moves
is critical. In this version, Red can only move certain ways
and Black can only move in the opposite direction. The
object is to exchange the location of all Red pieces for all
Black pieces in a minimum number of moves.
In summary, these games are all old stand bys, but they
are well-done and the package price is low.
(Mikaron Software Company, P.O. Box 1064, Chester, CA
96020; $24.95 plus $.50 S/H)
— H. Larry Elman
Two- Liner Contest Winner . . .
Just type this one in and run it for a small sample
of your CoCo's sound capability.
The listing:
J8 CLS:F0RN=1T042:READA,B:S0UNDA,
B : NEXTN : END : DATA1 76,6
1)3 DATA176,6,17J3, 3,176,3, 185, 6,1
76, 3 , 159 , 3 , 17 6, 6 , 17 6, 6 ,17)3 , 3 , 17 6
,3,185,3,17 6,3,147,3,159,3,159,3 '
,13 3, 3,147,3 ,159,3,14 7,6,13 3 ,3,1
25,6, 12 5, 6, 14 7, 3, 147, 3, 1)38 , 3 , 125
,3,13 3 ,3 ,14 7,3,159,6,17)3,3 , 17 6,6
, 176 , 6 , 17)3 , 3 , 159 , 3 , 14 7 , 3 , 12 5 , 3 , 8
9,3,58,6,58,6,78,3,89,9
■
Matthew McGinnis
Terre Haute, IN
(For this winning iwo-liner contest entry, the author has been sent copies of
both The Second Rainbow Book oj Simulations and its companion The Second
Rainbow Simulations Tape.)
June 1987 THE RAINBOW 145
Software Review ^^^^^S^^^^^^^^l7Z\
ADOS Is
Better Than Ever
SpectroSystems has released A DOS Version 1.02. While
this new version was released mainly for CoCo 2s containing
the new lowercase 6847T1 video chip, it is still the best
alternative to Radio Shack's BASIC for either the CoCo I
or 2. Some of you may even have the CoCo 2 with this new
chip and not realize it. These CoCo 2s were sold since late
1985 and can be distinguished by model numbers ending
in a B; the nameplate says "Tandy" instead of the familiar
"Radio. Shack," and, finally, the zero is slashed. These
machines have the capability of displaying true lowercase
characters, but the mode is fairly hard to access. Simply
typing 5HIFT-0 does not do it. You will still get the inverse-
video uppercase characters.
The new ADOS allows you to access this mode and 1.02
has the option to allow the default mode to be real lowercase
characters. Also with the new CoCo 2, A DOS can provide
an all-green background with no black border, or an all-
black background, along with the standard display with the
black border. With the standard screens, ADOS 1.02 still
has all the enhancements the earlier version included. A few
small changes have occurred, but first, let's cover the
enhancements in case some of you are not familiar with
ADOS.
In general, ADOS is a version of Color Disk Extended
BASIC 1.0 but with many added enhancements that were
seemingly overlooked by Tandy. After you use ADOS for
a while, you will think they had to be overlooked, because
they sure are handy. First, ADOS may be used as a disk
utility, to be loaded in whenever it is needed or it may be
burned into an EPROM. The EPROM replaces the ROM
inside the disk controller. In either case, you can modify
ADOS to your individual needs. The EPROM option is the
most recommended since A DOS will always be there when
you turn on your CoCo. ADOS was well-designed in that
there are few incompatibilities. SpectroSystems does not
offer ADOS on an EPROM, but they do furnish you with
information to have an EPROM burned if you do not have
access to that capability. You really need to play with A DOS
for a few weeks before you have it burned into an EPROM.
You will probably change your own version several times
before you get it just the way you want it.
The features of ADOS include repeat and edit of the last
direct-mode command, control key entries, automatic line
number prompts, and the ability to enter commands in
either lower- or uppercase. There is a DOS command for
booting up OS-9, error-trapping, a one- or two-column
directory with free grans to the screen or printer, an
enhanced copy command, an AE error override option for
Copy and Rename, and a RUNM command to load and
execute an ML program.
Also included: RAM command to convert to all-64K
RAM mode and a ROM command to convert back; a Scan
command to list ASCII files or give start, end and EXEC
addresses for binary files; a PRT on/ off for routing text to
printer or screen; a mini-monitor for hexadecimal memory
examination and changing; and a command for viewing
memory.
Also included is the customizing utility to define control
key abbreviations, printer baud rates, disk step rates and
disk access time, and 35- or 40-track drive support.
You have the option to support single-sided, double-sided
or the combination of both types of drives. A high
resolution text screen driver that gives a 24 line by either
42, 51 or 64 columns is included on the disk.
"Once you have ADOS
at your fingertips, you
will wonder how you got
along without it. "
Other programs on the disk include NUTRAX.BIN,
WPG4fl.BIN and BOOT . BflS. The BDDT.BfiS utility allows
you to run any program on a disk by using the up- and
down-arrow keys to select the program. I renamed this
program X.BflS, put it on all of my disks and defined one
of my control keys for RUN"X".
WPG4A is a modified version of PBJ's Word-Pak boot. It
corrects some conflicts with the use of the down arrow key
by both A DOS and Word-Pak. A DOS uses the down arrow
as a control key.
The NUTRflX utility allows you to convert your 35-track
disks into 40 tracks by formatting the upper five tracks and
adjusting the GAT while leaving the contents of the original
35 tracks intact.
Another feature is the ability to modify the start-up logo.
I suggest you modify it with your name; this will help serve
as a form of theft protection when ADOS is burned into
an EPROM. You can even give a short message stating the
modified version of ADOS in case you have different
EPROMs.
Overall, anyone with a disk drive should not hesitate to
get this one. You will not fully appreciate it until it is burned
into"an EPROM, but, even as a disk utility, I would
recommend it. Once you have A DOS at your fingertips, you
will wonder how you got along without it. The documen-
tation is very clear but, should you have a problem or any
questions, you can call Art Flexser. You will find him very
helpful and friendly. I give ADOS five stars and recommend
you get it soon.
(SpectroSystems, 1111 1 N. Kendall Dr., Suite A108, Miami,
FL 33176; 305-274-3899, $27.95 plus $2 S/H)
— Dale Shell
146 THE RAINBOW June 1987
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r
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he modular quality of BAS1C09
lends itself to the kinds of things
teachers like to do with computer
programs. The idea of merely amending
a data procedure to get a new set of
questions is right in line with teaching
practice. The word study program
Sound Puzzles allows just that.
Four sets of words are called f rom the
menu (procedure mmenu), but more are
available by adding to the menu op-
tions, or by even introducing a second
or third page of menus. Only one of the
data sets has been fully developed as a
procedure (procedure one), but data for
three other sets of words are provided.
All you need to do is change the data
in one and then rename it to two, three
or four.
If you are not familiar with BASIC09,
a few development hints are in order.
The steps go something like this:
Del Turner is an elementary school
principal who programs for the CoCo
and MS-DOS machines. He is also a
proprietor of Thompson House Educa-
tional Programs.
148
THE RAINBOW June 1987
1) Fire up OS-9 and then call
BASIC09.
2) Enter the editor by typing e
soundpz.
3) Enter each line of the procedure by
moving one space from the margin
and by typing in the characters
required by the listing.
4) Quit the editor by typing Q (if you
have errors, they will be shown to
you at this time if not already
noted).
5) Correct any errors you have made.
6) Save the procedure to /dO (for
example) by typing save
soundpz.
7) Return to Step 1 to type in another
of the procedures.
You can test your progress once you
have the first five procedures (soundpz,
printat:, notes, title and mmenu)
saved to disk. Clear your workspace by
typing kill*, which kills all procedures
in memory. Now, load the five proce-
dures back into the workspace and type
run soundpz.
But let's go back a bit. A couple of
items in the first five procedures might
have gotten by you if you are used to
Extended Color BASIC. The printat
procedure is a handy one you will use
in many programs. Without the PRINT0
of Extended BASIC, you need a way of
placing the cursor where you want it.
Another item quite different from
Extended BASIC is the use of graphics
characters right from the keyboard,
similar to a Commodore 64. The blue
square, or CHR$(175), is produced
under BASIC09 by pressing the @ key
plus O, which prints out in the listing
as a black square. This technique is used
in the title procedure and in the screen
procedure. Then there is the command
for clearing the screen, which is PRINT
CHR$(12), and CHR$(7), which gets a
beep. Did you notice the neat way of
handling the menu selections using the
REPEAT-UNTIL loop?
The next three procedures (screen,
nowgo and one) will have to be typed
in, debugged, and saved to disk before
you can finally see the whole thing at
work. Once you have them safely saved,
you can reload them into the workspace
and give them a run by selecting Choice
One from the menu when it prompts
you. An important thing to remember
is that you must have lowercase
enabled. All answers are expected to be
in lowercase! Now, it may be that the
workspace will be so full that things
won't run unless you call for more
memory. Type mem 7000 and that
should do the trick for you. If not, go
for more memory.
You can finish the job by typing in
procedures two, three and four using
the same listing as procedure one only
with the different sets of data state-
ments.
When all is done, you can "pack" the
procedures and have them called from
the CMDS file where you will find them
after the packing process. With your
unpacked versions loaded into the
workspace, pack the first four proce-
dures under the soundpz title by typing
pack soundpz, notes, title,
mmenu. Pack the pr inta t procedure by
itself. Then pack two more under the
screen title by typing pacl< screen,
nowgo. Finally, pack each data proce-
dure separately. Type pack one, then
pack two, and so forth.
Your disk will now have two full sets
of the procedures: one in the /dO direc-
tory and one in the CMDS directory. The
packed version will take less memory to
run and can be called while in BASIC09
by typing run soundpz, or when in OS-
9 by typing soundpz alone. The un-
packed version in the /dO directory can
be listed to the screen or, even better,
to the printer, to be arrayed in a pretty
style like the one shown below. To get
such a listing to the printer, load the
procedure desired into the workspace
from the /dO directory and then type
list soundpz>^p, for example. Note
that you may save all procedures in the
workspace under one title. For instance,
with all procedures in place, type save*
soundpz to have them all saved under
the title soundpz.
The educational value of the program
is unique because it deals with a persist-
ent problem we have with English
language spelling. Although there are
some rules that work to tell us when to
choose a certain phoneme (e.g., i before
e except after c), more often there are
no rules to guide us. Yet, 36 percent of
all spelling errors occur not when a
phoneme is misspelled, but when the
wrong phoneme is chosen. The first step
in learning how to tackle such words is
to recognize that it is not a rule we need,
but practice in replacing incorrect
phonemes with correct ones. In other
words, dealing with the errors we make
is the best way to learn.
As to how to expand the program,
you could look at improving the proce-
dures themselves, maybe adding a
border to the title, or other print graph-
ics additions. The content of the lessons
leaves lots to be done, as only four of
a possible 47 phonemes of the English
language have been tackled. If you want
to deal with a tough phoneme set, try
getting involved with the sound of "o"
as in boat and you will find 23 possibil-
ities (a, o, i, y, ei, oi, ai, eo, he, iu, au,
ah, u, e, ea, ou, ie, io, ia, eau, oa, iou
and ough). No wonder people have
trouble learning to spell in English! □
(You may direct questions about this
program to Mr. Turner at 2305 Green-
field Ave., Kamloops, British Colum-
bia, Canada V2B4P5. Please enclose an
SASE when expecting a reply.) □
Editor's Note: On RAINBOW ON DISK, The following procedures will be combined into one source
file. All you will need to do is enter load soundpuz at the BASIC09 prompt after entering BR5IC09 87K.
The listing: soundpz
PROCEDURE printat
PARAM col, row: INTEGER
PRINT CHR$(2); CHR$ (col+32) ; CHR$ (row+32) ;
END
PROCEDURE notes
PRINT CHR$(12)
RUN printat (0,0) \ PRINT "SOME NOTES:" \ PRINT
PRINT "PHONIC SUBSTITUTIONS WHEREBY A SOUND IS SPELLED CORRECTLY YET IT IS THE WRONG FORM FOR
THE WORD, ACCOUNT FOR 36% OF ALL ERRORS MADE. NO OTHER ERROR IS AS FREQUENT ! "
PRINT \ PRINT "FEW RULES WORK IN SUCH CASES, SO THE PROCRAM MERELY ATTEMPTS TO HAVE THE STUD
ENT SEE THAT IT IS A MATTER OF RESPONDING TO THE NATURE OF THE ERROR."
PRINT \ INPUT "PRESS <ENTEH> TO CONTINUE a$
June 1987 THE RAINBOW 149
PROCEDURE mmenu
PRINT "correction:"
DIM choice : INTEGER
RUN printat(J2f,9)
REPEAT
PRINT " " ;
PRINT CHR$(12) \RUN printat(ll , 2 ) \ PRINT "M E N U"
PROCEDURE title
RUN printat(8,4)
DIM phoneme : STRING [4 j
PRINT "1. e sound as in bed"
»^ mm v m m mm* % m mmm mm* ^m mmi m^
DIM count ,h,v; INTEGER
RUN printat (8, 6)
count=»p
PRINT M 2. a sound as in cat"
h=0
n TTYT - - f , ^ , /ft ft \
RUN printat(8,8)
v=0
PRINT "3 . e sound as in we"
mm) m mmm. ^mx m v «h >^ y ^% V
PRINT CHR$(12)
RUN printat (8 , 10)
DATA "a" , "au" , "ai" , "e" , "ee" , "ea" , "ei" , "ie"
PRINT "4. a sound as in name 11
DATA "i" , "eo" , "oe" , "ay" , "ey" , "y" , "ae" , "is"
PRINT
DATA "a" , "ay" , "ey" , "eigh" , "ei" , "ea" , "ai"
5 INPUT " ENTER YOUR CHOICE , choice
DATA "aigh" , "ei" , "eue" , "ai" , "ewe" , "yew" , "iew"
UNTIL choice>- 1 AND choice<-4
REPEAT
IF choice-1 THEN 100
h=RND(24)+2
IF choice-2 THEN 200
v-RND(12)+l
IF choice-3 THEN 300
READ phoneme
if / #nvvwxx / t*t t*t
IF choice«4 THEN 400
count :=count+l
100 RUN one
RUN printat(h.v)
200 RUN two
PRINT " " ;
300 RUN three
PRINT phoneme ;
400 RUN four
PRINT CHR$ (7) ;
UNTIL count>29
RUN printat(8,5)
PRINT " ";
PP /"IPTTMTP IT Ann
rKuut-iJUKt- one
RUN printat(8,6)
DIM count , i : INTEGER
PRINT " SOUND PUZZLES Hj
fs TV/ ma ..1 ma o e 0 • OTP TMf r ^ (1 1
RUN printat(8,7)
HTM cartl-on r o • QTR TNf2 f ^ Of!
PRINT " if "
u±n errorw . oikiinli [l j j
PRINT CHR$(7)
DIM correctw: STRING [ 15 J
RUN printat(5,12)
count=0
INPUT " PRESS <ENTER>. . . ",a$
DATA "The e sound as in bed"
END
DATA "e ie ea ai u a ay eo ei ae"
DATA "He sed he would return. 11 , "sed" , "said"
DATA "Tom will gat it. ", "gat" , "get"
DATA "There are too meny 1" , "meny" , "many"
T"*ft A/^PTNTTn — J
PROCEDURE soundpz
DATA "Run it agen .", "agen" , "again"
Kfc.n sound puzzle
DATA "The box is hevy . " , "hevy" , "heavy"
P TTM Vt rial t-nrnor
Ktn oy uci turner
DATA "Is that ther house? ", "ther" , "their"
RFM (c*\ octohpr 1 <386
DATA "Are there eny lef t? " , "eny" , "any"
ts.fc.ri os? v.z / oasicyjy v.±
DATA "I ment to clean my room. ", "ment" , "meant"
DIM COUnt . IN 1 fc.bfc.K
DATA "I've red that book. " , "red" , "read"
count . =)d
DATA "The colour is yallow .", "yallow" , "yellow"
count^count+i
count=count+l \ IF count>l THEN 5
wHiJ_.fc. count<z L)U
RUN screen
O T TV1 m — 4. — a
kun notes
READ messl
Run title
READ mess2
count=count+l
score-0
ENDWHILE
5 FOR i=l TO 10
RUN mmenu
*■ V ~ ill 111 w * m ^mm
READ sentence
KCiAu errorw
klad correctw
PROCEDURE nowgo
NrJvl 1
DIM studentw: STRING [15]
RUN printat(>J ,4)
PARAM messl ,mess2 , sentence : STRING [30]
P ARAM errorw, correctw: STRING [15 ]
PRINT ;
PARAM score: INTEGER
TMPTTT HO VOTT L7AMT TO PT AV APATM9" aC
INrU 1 UU XUU WANl 1U rLAI AuAINf , ap
RUN printat(0,ll)
TT? o C _ '< ti >* TUTTM 1 (1(1
If a^™ n lrl£.N Vpy
PRINT messl
RUN sounapz
PRINT
i act RYF
PRINT "MAY BE WRITTEN THESE WAYS : "
PRINT mess2
RUN printat (7 ,2)
PRINT sentence
PROCEDURE screen
RUN printat(13 ,4)
PRINT CHR$(12)
PRINT errorw;
T\ YTXT J j_ . ✓ ftt ftt V
RUN printat(0,0)
PRINT " " ;
PRINT "*SOUND PUZZLES* SCORE: ";
10 RUN printat (13 ,6)
RUN printat(7,4)
PRINT " " ;
PRINT "error:"
RUN printat (13 , 6)
FOR count=0 TO 31
INPUT "", studentw
PRINT CHR$(58);
PRINT "";
NEXT count
IF studentw-correctw THEN 100
RUN printat(2,6)
score~score-5
150 THE RAINBOW June 1987
GOSUB 200
GOTO 10
100 RUN printat(7,2)
PRINT "
score«score+10
GOSUB 200
PRINT CHR$(7)
RUN printat(13,6)
PRINT "
END
200 RUN printat(23,0)
PRINT V,
RUN printat(23,0)
PRINT score;
RETURN
PROCEDURE two
DIM count , i : INTEGER
DIM messl ,mess2 : STRING [30]
DIM sentence : STRING [30]
DIM errorw: STRING [15]
DIM correctw: STRING [15]
count-0
DATA "The a sound as in cat"
DATA "a au ai"
DATA "Shall we all go?" ," shall" ," shall"
DATA "I caun do that . " , "caun" , ''can"
DATA "Thainks for the help .", "thainks "," thanks "
DATA "I was bom in Jainuary .", "Jainuary" , "January"
DATA "The game is on Sauturday .", "Sauturday" , "Saturday"
DATA "All begain to cheer .", "begain" , "began "
DATA "I aim on the team. ", "aim" , "am"
DATA "My ant lives in Toronto . M , "ant" , "aunt "
DATA "The skirt was a plad one .", "plad" , "plaid"
DATA "It was blaik as night . " , "blaik" , "black"
count=count+l \ IF count>l THEN 5
RUN screen
READ messl
READ mess 2
score=0
5 FOR i=l TO 10
READ sentence
READ errorw
READ correctw
RUN nowgo(messl ,mess2 , sentence, errorw , correctw, score)
NEXT i
RUN printat(0,4)
PRINT " k\
PRINT " st ;
INPUT " DO YOU WANT TO PLAY AGAIN?",a$
IF a$-"n" THEN 100
RUN soundpz
100 BYE
PROCEDURE three
DIM count , i : INTEGER
DIM messl ,mess2 :STRING[30]
DIM sentence:STRING[30]
DIM errorw: STRING [15]
DIM correctw: STRING [15]
count-0
DATA "The e sound as in we"
DATA "e ee ea ei ie i eo oe ay ey y ae is"
DATA "The grass turned grean .", "grean" , "green"
DATA "Thees are the ones !", "thees ", "these"
DATA "eich child got a candy .", "eich" , "each"
DATA "It is underneth the bed .", "underneth", "underneath"
DATA "I like it verie much .", "verie ", "very"
DATA "She is fiftean years old. ", "f if tean" , "fifteen"
DATA "Reed that sign for me .", "reed" , "read"
DATA "That is hard to beleive !", "beleive" , "believe"
DATA "Yhe answer is obveous "obveous " , "obvious"
DATA "Did you receave a gift? ", "receave" , "receive "
count«count+l \ IF count>l THEN 5
RUN screen
READ messl
READ mess 2
score=0
5 FOR i-1 TO 10
READ sentence
READ errorw
READ correctw
RUN nowgo(messl,mess2 , sentence , errorw, correctw, score)
NEXT i
RUN printat(0,A)
PRINT " " ;
PRINT " ";
INPUT " DO YOU WANT TO PLAY AGAIN?", a$
IF a$- J, n" THEN 100
RUN soundpz
100 BYE
PROCEDURE four
DIM count,!: INTEGER
DIM messl ,mess2 : STRING[ 30]
DIM sentence: STRING [30]
DIM errorw: STRING [15]
DIM correctw: STRING [15]
count=»0
DATA "The a sound, as in name"
DATA "a ay ey eigh aigh ei ea ai et au"
DATA "Mey i go to the show? ", "mey" , "may"
DATA "I alweighs use salt .", "alweighs ", "always "
DATA "How much do you way ?", "way" , "weigh"
DATA "He is ayght years old . " , "ayght " , "e ight"
DATA "Give the apples awe igh .", "aweigh" , "away"
DATA "It is all the saym to me . " , "saym" , " same "
DATA "He took aym, and f ired . " , "aym" , "aim"
DATA "Snow meant s laighing .", "slaighing" , "sleighing"
DATA "Miss Muffet ate her whay . " , "whay" , "whey"
DATA "He has a laim leg . " , "la im" , "lame"
count=count+l \ IF count>l THEN 5
RUN screen
READ messl
READ mess 2
score=»0
5 FOR i-1 TO 10
READ sentence
READ errorw
READ correctw
RUN nowgo(messl,mess2 , sentence , errorw, correctw, score)
NEXT i
RUN printat(0,4)
PRINT " " ;
PRINT " " ;
INPUT " DO YOU WANT TO PLAY AGAIN?", a$
IF a$-"n" THEN 100
RUN soundpz
100 PRINT CHR$(12)
BYE
GET IT ALL!!!
Excellent 27 Disk CoCo Software Librar y $95.00
includes Word Processor, Modems, Utilities, 124 Games,
Graphics/Pics, Business, Languages, Music and More.
Public Domain and Shareware. Over 350 Programs.
15% Discountto User Groups and Students. Major Credit
Cards Welcomed. Call Al at 1-800-221-7372; in New York
call 212-732-2565.
Public Domain Software Copying Company
33 Gold Street-Suite L3
New York, N.Y. 10038
June 1987 THE RAINBOW 151
DOWNLOADS
1 he Breathing Video Display
By Dan Downard
K. 1 rip. | • 1 171 i».
a hi how lechnical Lditor
I am using a Zenith 1 31 OPT television
display. It "breathes" vertically as
though the TV is in and out of sync with
the Co Co vertical timing. This does not
happen with other TVs, such as my
Panasonic, which has a vert sync adjust-
ment. What do you suggest?
Joseph P. Chide st er
Owing s Mills, MD
Joe, it sounds as if you are getting RF
interference into your TV set. As you
know, the CoCo uses a clock frequency
of .985 MHz, which is in the RF range.
Harmonics interfere with your TV
picture. The only sure way 1 know of
curing the problem is installing a mon-
itor adapter and using a monitor instead
of a TV set,
There are a few more things you can
try, though. First, try replacing the
cable from the CoCo to the TV with
coaxial cable, such as RG58/U. Make
the cable long enough to coil about 10
turns of coaxial into a4-inch circle. This
will provide a little bit of attenuation of
the harmonic signal.
Some people have even gone to the
extreme of spraying the inside of the
plastic cabinet with conductive paint.
Be careful about flaking, since you may
accidentally short out something on
your circuit board. As with any type of
electronic equipment, care should be
taken to protect against possible dam-
age to the components and the circuit
board. Good luck.
Dan Downard is an electrical engineer
and has been involved in electronics for
27 years through Ham radio (K4KWT),
His interest in computers began about
eight years ago, and he has built several
68XX systems.
8-Inch Drive Modifications
/ need information concerning hook-
ing up an 8-inch disk drive ( Model 801
Shugart ) to my old 4 D 3 board CoCo
with RS disk controller. Is it possible?
If so, what changes need to be done to
CoCo, controller (ROM Version 1.0)
and drive? Is the 8-inch drive card edge
similar to the card edge of my 5 l / 4-inch
drives?
Roger W. Donahue
Bristol TN
It is indeed possible to connect an 8-
inch drive to your disk controller,
Roger. An article appeared in BYTE
magazine a few years back showing
both the hardware and software re-
quired for this project, Unfortunately,
the software was written for a 6502
microprocessor, but should provide a
guideline for your effort.
I wouldn't recommend using the 8-
inch drive, though. First of all, the
standard IBM format for 8-inch drives
is single density. You can actually store
more information on a 514-inch,
double-density floppy. Even if you are
successful, severe compatibility prob-
lems will exist, That*s the main reason
3 s /2-ineh drives have not become popu-
lar. They were just not like the rest of
the CoCo world.
Delphi Novice
/ am new to communications on the
CoCo. I've been trying to use the Delphi
network, but it tends to get a little
confusing for a beginner. Could you tell
me if there is any publication I could
buy to help me out?
Stephen J. Benson
Everett, WA
It sounds like you are on the right
path already, Stephen, due to the fact
that you wrote to "Downloads" using
the electronic mail service provided by
Delphi,
I am not aware of any publications
that specialize in bulletin board com-
munications, but be sure to read Cray
Augsburg's monthly "Delphi Bureau*'
column, Cray is rainbow's Technical
Editor and he offers easy-to-follow
tutorials on using Delphi in his column.
The next time you are on CoCo SIG
on Del phi, try typing CO. This will get
you into the conference mode. There,
you can carry on an electronic conver-
sation with many of the editors and
RAINBOW contributing authors. If they
can, they will be glad to help you with
any problems you are having. You can
also type HELP at any prompt and
receive an explanation of your options.
See you on Delphi!
Twice the Normal Speed
/ have a Color Computer 3, a Metric
parallel interface and a Radio Shack
DMP-200 printer. When the computer
is operating at 1.78 MHz, what do I do
to make the printer print legible infor-
mation? It prints properly at the slower
clock speed. Also, how reliable is disk
I/O at the faster clock speed? lam using
152 THE RAINBOW June 1967
Time passes quickly as you use your nimble fingers to escape
the very passion that consumes you. Thoughts are fleeting at
a time in which you need them most. The spidery web of
mystery and intrigue you have spun is now entangling you. Every
breath you take . . . Every move you make ... Is it correct? Will it even
accomplish the task at hand? Is there any time left?
No, we don't mean to imply time is nearly up for our Fourth
Adventure Contest. Plenty of time remains. However, the final
deadline fa your entry in this contest is August 15, 1987 - a date
that is rapidly approaching. So, you'd better get started soon, if you
haven't already begun.
What? No ideas, you say? Just take a look around you! Your
everyday life presents you with hundreds. Just sit down and start now!
We await the very best you have to offer. If you want some pointers,
check out "The Adventure Writer's Toolkit" (April 1985, Page 105) by
Eric W. Tilenius. Or, fa another helping hand, see "The Adventure
Processor" (August 1986, Page 26) by Bill Cook. These articles, and
many more, are just what you need to get started on the right track.
Your Adventure can be written for a 4K early model CoCo, or it
can be written to take advantage of all the features in a 512K CoCo
3. It can be written under Disk basic, or it might be a creation in
BASIC09.
Judging: The judges of the fourth Rainbow Adventure Contest will be looking for several
things in each entry, in addition to ensuring each submission is complete, they will consider
the following:
• Originality • Vocabulary and Grammar
• Creativity • Responsiveness
• Programming Efficiency • Level of Challenge
• Clarily of instructions • Enjoyment
• Ease of Use
The judges will also be concerned with the "punishability" of each Adventure. A shorter
program is easier to fit into print (both in THE RAINBOW and any subsequent Adventure
book) as well as being easier for the reader to type in. While the use of graphics tends
to enhance any program, graphics are not necessary for an Adventure to win. The winning
entry will be chosen fa its unique appearance. Make your Adventure stand above the
rest!
RULES: Your submission should include all programs and information needed to set up and
run the Adventure. All programs must be sent on tape or disk with several saves of each
program including at least one ASCII save. If an Adventure cannot be loaded. It cannot
be judged. We will not lype in even the shortest of programs! Hard copy of all program
listings and instructions must also be included. If your Adventure uses machine language
routines, all source code, as well as assembled object code, should be included on the
tape or disk. Indicate the minimum CoCo system required to run your Adventure and
include a complete solution!
Please, don't use packed lines that can't be USTed orLUSTedfor the benefit of our readers.
Your program should run on standard Radio Shack equipment without requiring any
special modifications and should not rely on commercial software for its execution. The
only exception is the use of the OS-9 operating system (Level I and Level I!) and BASIC09.
If your Adventure uses graphics, make sure the graphics are self-contained. In other words,
don't submit a program that loads several different graphics screens unless those graphics
are created by a publishable program included in the submission.
In summary, send a complete package. Put the accompanying article, documentation,
iistings. complete instructions and solution, and cover letter on paper. Include your name,
address and telephone number on each page of all materials. Be sure to write-protect
your disk or punch out the tabs on your cassette to avoid accidental erasure, and label
each with the name of the program(s) and your name and address. As in any contest,
packaging does make a difference.
Your entry must be postmarked no later than August 15, 1987, in error-free condition. Each
j ii
entrant will receive a free pass to the RAJNBOWfest of his or her choice You may also win
one of the many prizes donated by our generous advertisers as well as have your program
published in THE RAINBOW. So. get a move onl Write it up, put If together and send it
to:
Adventure Contest Editor, Rainbow Mogazine, 9509 U.S. Highway 42,
P.O. Box 365, Prospect, KY 40059.
Additional Rules: All entries must be original, unpublished and unmarketed works (no
"conversions"). No programs that have been placed in the public domain are eligible.
AllenrriesbecomethepropertyofFd^^
of the judges will be final. Duplicate prizes will be awarded In the event of a tie, Winning
entries will be featured In a future issue of THE RAINBOW.
Prizes: Following is partial list of the prizes the winners of our
Fourth Rainbow Adventure Contest will be receiving. And,
many more prizes are being donated each day!
Tandy/Radio Shack
Tandy Home
Education Systems
Computer Island
Frank Hogg
Laboratory, Inc.
Howard Medical
HJL Products
Computize
RAINBOW'S Delphi
SIGs
Diecom Products
Computer Plus
Derringer Software
Speech Systems
Tom Mix Software
Spectrum Projects
CompuServe
Microcom Software
Sugar Software
DMP-106 Printer
VIDTEX
Creative Exploration Series
Spectaculator
Hands On
Problem Solving Series
Cooperative Strategy Series
Chemistry Tutor
Area & Perimeter
Division of Fractions
Quadratic Equations Tutor
Distance Problems
Cloze Exercises
First Games
The CoCo Wheel of Fortune
Inside OS-9 Level II (5 books)
Zenith 12" Amber Video Monitor
Softswitch Auto/Manual Printer
Switch with cables
Color Max 3 (2 programs)
Three five-hour free evenings in
your choice of the CoCo or OS-9
Online SIGs.
Bouncing Boulders
Caludril
Lansford Mansion
Color Computer 2
Pro-Color-Series Enhanced Ver-
sion 2.1
Super Voice Speech Synthesizer
includes Text-to-Speech Transla-
tor Program
Worlds of Flight (2 programs)
Three Book Set:
CoCo III Secrets Revealed
The History of the CoCo
basic Programming Tricks
IntroPak - An Introductory Sub-
scription (3 IntroPaks) includes
$15 usage credit
Utility Routines Volume II
Trig Attack
$200
$30
$99
$30
$20
$20
$20
$20
$20
$25
$20
$40 ea.
$150
$140
$60 ea.
$36 ea.
$29
$39
$39
$100
$80
$80
$35 ea.
$50
$15 ea.
$30
$20
June 1987 THE RAINBOW 153
Teac 55 VB DS DD drives. I can 7 tell
you people how much I look forward to
RAINBOW Magazine and using RAIN-
BOW'S CoCo SIG. Thanks for any infor-
mation and keep up the excellent work!
Andrew E. Stangel
Milwaukee, IV I
Since you are operating at a clock
speed of twice the normal rate, Andy,
you have to divide your delay constant
by a factor of two. This is not the exact
method of obtaining the constant, but
it will work. For example, if you want
600 baud at a 1 .78 MHz clock speed, use
the constant for 1200 baud, or 41.
As far as high speed disk I/O, please
read the following letter I received after
my April column.
Goodman's Response
In the April "Downloads," you told
Steve Zweitel that the CoCo 3 s BASIC
disk I/O should function at double
speed. This is incorrect. In the DSKCON
code (sector I/O) and in the DSKINI
(format code) there are a number of
places where delays allow data to "set-
tie " in the Western Digital Chip after a
command is sent to it. These delays end
up being too short when the CoCo 3 is
run at double speed. Unreliable disk 1/
O and unsuccessful formatting result.
Art Flexser in ADOS3 and Steve Bjork
in a program called Disk Fix, which he
has posted on Delphi, have fixed these
problems in the DSKCON and in DSKINI
routines in Disk BASIC.
In another question, Mike Roush
complained about a CoCo I with G and
Okey problems that got worse when he
changed his old chicklet keyboard for a
high-profile, CoCo 2 type keyboard.
You advised him that the 6809 or the
6821 was likely to be at fault. Instead,
this problem is due to a design flaw in
the CoCo I circuit. The flaw consists of
too big an RF limiting capacitor on the
joystick Jlrebutton lines (C57 and C58)
on the old ' D' and 'E' boards. On some
CoCo Is, the value of .01 used causes
the G and O keys to fail to work,
because the pulses of the keyboard scan
for those keys are getting shorted to
ground by that improperly sized RF
limiter capacitor. This problem always
gets worse if the computer is run at a
higher speed.
On Page I of Tandy Tech Tip for the
Color Computer, Sheet CC:22 (a series
of tech tips Tandy sends to their repair
centers), Tandy advises that, in the
course of installing any CoCo 2 key-
boards, the C57 and C58 be replaced
with .001 mF capicators (instead of the
.01s that were originally there). This fix
always cures the missing G and O bug.
The report that dropping in a CoCo
2 type keyboard exacerbated the prob-
lem is probably explained by some
physical effect (increased resistance?
added capacitance 9 ) caused by the
membrane connector used by those
keyboards.
As you are well aware, I advise
against anyone running their CoCo 1 or
2 at any of the high speed pokes.
It is remotely possible that swapping
keyboard 6821 (as you recommended)
might fix the problem, for the problem
may appear only with some 6821 chips
and not others. But such a fix is a poor
one, for even when working, the system
will be marginal and vulnerable to
tl relapses." The cap replacement is
really the right approach.
Marty Goodman
Marty, as always it is good to hear
from you. I agree that high speed disk
I/O is undesirable, but it does work on
occasion. As far as the timing problem
associated with keyboard malfunctions,
I agree that this, is probably the prob-
lem. Thanks f or your input.
Multi-Pak Does the Job
Can you use a modem, disk drive, a
printer and Mi key Term all at the same
time? I have a CoCo 2 and a Multi-Pak
interface. I also have an RS-232 pro-
gram card. Can I disable the internal
terminal program in the card to use it
that way?
Willis Calvert
Avenel, NJ
You just have to plug the RS-232 card
into your Multi-Pak, Willis. The rest of
the details are accomplished by the
software. If you don't have a Multi-Pak,
you may have to disable the ROM, due
to address conflicts.
C on Level II
I plan to buy OS -9 Level II when it
becomes available, but I was wondering
if it will be possible to use Level I C
under OS-9 Level II? If not, will it be
possible to get an upgrade to OS-9 Level
IIC without having to just fiat out buy
it at full price?
J. Michael O f Connor
Austin, TX
Fear not, Mike, your Level I C pack-
age will run just fine under Level II. I
tried it and it works.
Needs More Space
A few months ago, I asked about
extending the space between the CoCo
and the Multi-Pak. I am again toying
with an idea to "clean up " the look of
my computer room. My hope is to
remove the CoCo motherboard and the
Multi-Pak board and enclose them in a
PC-style case. In order to do this, I
would have to mount one board over
the other, so enough room is left for
drives. Since my letter to you, I have
now seen cables being advertised in the
RA IN BO W to exend the distance between
the Co Co and the MPL Do you feel that
a mere 2 to 3 inches would be allowable?
Eric A. Canha
Fair haven, MA
I don't see anything wrong with a
short extension, Eric, but I wouldn't
recommend it unless it was absolutely
necessary.
Your technical questions are welcomed.
Please address them to: Downloads, THE
rainbow, P.O. Box 385, Prospect, KY
40059. We reserve the right to publish only
questions of general interest and to edit for
space and clarity. Due to the large volume
of mail we receive, we are unable to answer
letters individually.
Your technical questions may also be sent
to us through our Delphi CoCo SIG. From
the CoCo SIG> prompt, pick Rainbow
Magazine Services, then, at the RAIN-
BOW> prompt, type RSK (for Ask the
Experts) to arrive at the EXPERTS>
prompt, where you can select the "Down-
loads" online form which has complete
instructions.
154 THE RAINBOW June 1987
OS-9 LEVEL II
Exploring Level IPs New
Features From BASIC09
By Rick Adams
Several articles in THE RAINBOW
have given examples of how to
access the new windowing fea-
tures of Level II via display com-
mands and the ucreate (window
create) command. But BAS1C09 users
under Level II have an even more
powerful interface with OS-9's new
windowing and graphics capabilities —
the GFX2 module.
The GFX2 module is the BASIC09
programmer's friend. It provides an
easily-remembered method for acces-
sing special display functions. To clear
the screen, for example, everybody
knows (or do they?) the command
PRINT CHR$[12] will do the trick and
that PRINT CHRS(7) causes the termi-
nal to beep. But this is a rather obscure,
"system-freaky" way of performing
what really should be a straightforward
operation.
Enter our friend GFX2. From a
BAS1C09 program, if you want to clear
the screen, use the command RUN
GFX2[ "clear"). If you want to beep
the terminal, use RUN GFX2 ( "bel 1 " ] .
The GFX2 module takes your descrip-
tion of what you want done and gener-
ates the proper display codes.
Experienced BASIC09 users will recog-
nize that GFX2 works the same as the
GFX module that came with OS-9
Level I. A Level II system also comes
with the GFX module, but GFX2 pro-
vides an additional bag of tricks, via
which your BASIC09 programs can now
activate literally dozens of new and
amazing functions available under
Level II.
Rick Adams (Delphi username RICK-
ADAMS) is a UNIX systems pro-
grammer who enjoys using and writing
software for his CoCo 3. He, his wife,
Alice, and their two children live in
Rohnert Park, California.
Take a look at the BAS1C09 program
shown in Listing 1. This program clears
the screen (sound familiar?) and then
turns on a new feature in Level II OS-
9 called the "graphics cursor."
The graphics cursor is a little arrow
that moves around with your joystick
and points to anywhere on the screen.
In this sample program, pressing the
firebutton on the joystick causes a circle
to be drawn on the screen, with the
center of the circle at the place the
graphics cursor was pointing to when
the firebutton was pressed.
Let's do a few setup operations so we
can be ready to type in and run the
example program given in Listing 1 . We
need to set up a high resolution graphics
screen for the program to run in, make
sure the GFX and GFX2 modules will
be available for BASlC09's use, and use
the stdptrs file to pre-define our
graphics cursor.
Either type these commands directly
into OS-9 or create a "command file"
(using build or your favorite editor)
containing them:
ucreate 'wl -s=5 0 0 B0 24 1 0 0
merge /d0/sys'stdf onts >'wl
merge /d0/sys's tdp trs >'wl
display lb 3a cB 01 >'wl
echo Window 'wl >'wl
shell i='uil&
Run these commands to set up win-
dow wl for our BAS1C09 program. Then
press the CLEAR key to go to the next
window. You should see an 80-column
screen containing white letters on a blue
background. If you are using an RGB
monitor, you will need to enter mon-
type r at the OS-9 prompt.
The uicreate command created the
window and the window color set (white
on blue, with blue border). The merge
of the stdfonts and stdptrs files to
the window defined the text font and
the graphics icons to use when drawing
a graphics cursor. The she 1 1 command
created a new OS-9 shell to run your
OS-9 commands in the new window.
Now that you have taken up resi-
dence in your new window, wl, it is time
to make sure that BASIC09 will be able
Diagram of pointer icons in stdptrs file:
Group 202 buffer 1 —
pointer arrow:
• •»•••«
*
***
• • • •
***
**** **
* *****
****
*****
^^^v
Group 202 buffer 2 — pencil:
****
* * *
* *
* ••••• ••••••••
. *. . * .
* *
* * *
* *
* *
*
June 1987
THE RAINBOW
155
to find the GFX and the GFX2 modules
when it needs them.
Many people customize several ver-
sions of their working OS-9 disks,
trimming all files that are useless for a
particular application to conserve disk
space. If you have customized your
working Level II disks to the point that
GFX and GFX2 will fit in the CMDS
directory, it would be a good idea to
copy these files into /d0/CMD5. BASIC09
looks for these files in the current
execution directory if it can't find them
in memory. Obviously, it would also be
a good idea to put BASIC09 itself into the
/d0/CMDS directory, too!
Otherwise, you may use the load
command to load the GFX and GFX2
modules (as well as BASIC09) into mem-
ory from disk. These modules will most
probably reside on your second Level II
disk as /d0'CMDS/g f x, 'd0/CMDS/
gfx2, and /d0/CMD5/basic09, respec-
tively. If you have two disk drives, you
can pop that other disk in Drive 1 and
type:
load /dl'CMDS/gfx
load /dl/CMDS/gfx2
load /dl/CMD5/basic09
If you only have one drive, swap that
disk in place of your Level II commands
disk (and, substitute d0 for dl above).
The load module is already in memory,
so you can load those modules, then
swap back the original disk, with no ill
effects.
Finally, it's time to fire up BASIC09.
When &ASlC09's title page appears, type
e circles to begin entering the pro-
gram in Listing I. Enter each line from
the listing carefully, beginning each line
with a space so that BASIC09 under-
stands that each of the lines is to be
entered as a line of your program,
instead of being interpreted as a BASTC09
editor command.
When the final end command has
been entered into the program, type a
q at the left margin to exit the BASIC09
program editor. At this point it would
be a good idea to save your work:
save* circles
If all has gone well up to this point,
type run c i rc les to start the program.
The screen should clear, and a little
arrow should appear on the screen.
Move the arrow around with your
joystick, and then press the firebutton
to put a circle on the screen. Move
somewhere else and put another circle
on the screen. Hold the firebutton down
and move the joystick as the drawing of
circles auto-repeats.
The graphics cursor is visible as a
little arrow. The data that defined the
shape of this arrow was loaded into
memory when you used the merge
command to merge the contents of the
stdptrs file (the "standard pointers"
file) with the window. More on that
later.
Notice you didn't have to do anything
to prevent the moving cursor arrow
from wiping out what it moves over.
OS-9 automatically takes care of that
detail for you.
The GFX2 calls to "curoff," "clear"
and "bell" are used to turn off the
cursor, clear the screen and make a little
beep sound, respectively. The GFX call
to "joystk" will be familiar to those who
have used the GFX module under Level
I BASIC09. So far, things look fairly
straightforward. But there are a few
GFX2 calls in there that bear explain-
ing. Let's take a look.
The "gcset" call turns on the graphics
cursor. The "putgc" call tells OS-9 to
move the graphics cursor to the speci-
fied X and Y coordinates. You are not
telling BASIC09 to do it; the OS-9 oper-
ating system itself is doing all the work.
If you interrupt the program, the graph-
ics cursor will still be there on the
screen. As a matter of fact, the graphics
cursor will stubbornly stay on the screen
even if you exit BASIC09!
The "setdptr" call sets the display
pointer (the screen position used as a
reference point by many of the graphics
commands) to the specified X and Y
coordinates. The "circle" call to GFX2
uses this point as the center point of the
circle it draws. The number 80 in the
"circle"call establishes a circle radius of
80.
Now, what is this about the "standard
pointers" file? Are there several pointer
icons in this file? Yes, there are, but to
access them, we're going to have to
explore the inner workings of Level II
OS-9 in a little more detail.
The definition of pointer icons for the
"graphics cursor" is a specialized appli-
cation of a facility called "get/put
buffers." Get/put buffers, when loaded
into memory, are referenced by two
numbers that describe which buffer
"group" to use, and which "buffer"
within that group.
All of the pointer icons in the
stdptrs file are referenced as get /put
Buffer Group 202. Within that group,
there are seven buffers, numbered 1
through 7, each containing a pointer
icon.
Thus, in the "gcset" call in Listing 1,
notice that the pointer icon we are
Group 202 buffer 3 —
cross- hairs:
**
**
**
**
**
•• •••••«
• •••••*»*
****************
****************
**
**
• • • • •
• • • * *
**
**
• • • * •
**
• • • • •
**
■ 1 ■ ■• *
**
• •••• •••
• • • a »
Group 202 buffer 4 —
"system busy" Icon (hourglass):
****************
* *
* •
+ 4
**********
********
******
****
* «
**
* *
*
**
• * » *
* ** *
• v
**
■ • • •
****
* •
******
*
****************
Group 202 buffer 5 —
"illegal function" icon:
*****
**
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
• » * *
**
* r *
*
* * * *
***
■ ■
** *
**
**
**
**
*
*
**
**
**
**
• • •
**
*
*
*
*
*
*
**
4 •
*****
w m
156 THE RAINBOW June 1987
telling OS-9 to use is in Buffer Group
202, Buffer Number 1. This is the
picture of the little arrow we have seen.
(To turn off the graphics cursor, use
another "gcset" call to set the graphics
cursor to Buffer Group 0, Buffer
Number 0.)
Just for fun, change that call to use
Group 202, Buffer 2, instead of Buffer
1. The next time you run the program,
the little arrow pointer will be replaced
with a little picture of a pencil. More
fiddling will reveal each of the other
pointer icons. Note that one of the
pointer icons is an hourglass, with sand
running through it. This will no doubt
be used by Multi-Vue as a "system busy
— please wait" icon, just like on the
Macintosh.
Speaking of which, it seems fairly
obvious that a MacPaint-Wke program
would be remarkably easy to program
in BAS1C09 using these tools. Perhaps
such a program may someday be writ-
Group 202 buffer 6 —
"insert" function cursor:
kk "kick "kick
kk
* ■ • ¥ ■ V
kk
* • • • * •
**
m m m * * •
**
■ * ■ * * *
**
* ■ • * * *
**
* • • » » p
•kkkkkkkk
Group 202 buffer 7 —
"plus sign" cursor:
**
* » * * + «
**
* • * » i *
**
* • * • * *
********
**
* * * * - •
kk
ten and placed into the public domain.
Perhaps you, brave RAINBOW reader,
might be the one. But, at the very least,
here is a demonstration program to play
and experiment with. Happy explor-
ing! /K\
The listing: Demonstration
PROCEDURE circles
)3j3j3j3 DIM f irebutton, xval , yval : INTEGER
j3j3j3F RUN gfx2 ("curof f " )
RUN gfx2 ("gcset" ,202,1)
0j33j3 RUN gfx2 ("clear")
j3j33D LOOP
003F RUN gfx ( "joystk" ,j3 , f irebutton, xval , yval)
005F xval=xval*lj3
)3j36A yval=(63-yval) *3
p^78 RUN gfx2 ( n putgc",xval,yval)
RUN gf x2 ( "setdptr" , xval ,yval)
)3j3A8 IF firebutton<>J3 THEN
j3j3B4 RUN gfx2 ("circle" , 8j3)
RUN gfx2 ("bell")
P^Dl ENDIF
j3j3D3 ENDLOOP
j3j3D7 END
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June 1987 THE RAINBOW 157
BITS AND BYTES OF BASIC
Getting Started With BASIC09
By Richard A. White
Rainbow Contributing Editor
About a year ago, I did a column
on BASIC09, but then got dis-
tracted by other topics includ-
ing the CoCo 3. Obviously, there has
been much interest in the CoCo 3, and
many older CoCos have been retired in
favor of the new machine. However, the
earlier machines will be around for
years* and RAINBOW needs to meet the
needs of these owners as well as the
CoCo. 3 Community.
BAS1C09 works on all machines run-
ning jOS-9. Programs written on one
machine are easily portable to others.
The main changes needed may be screen
formatting, although many BASIC09
utilities make minimum use of the
screen and run unchanged on a CoCo
1 or 2 even if written on a machine
featuring 64- or 80-character displays.
Obviously, an application written on a
CoCo 1 or 2 will run unchanged on a
CoCo 3, provided any system calls are
supported in both environments. Since
I do not propose to use system calls, the
programs in this column will work in
any CoCo under OS-9 Level I or II.
At this writing, OS-9 Level II is
imminent. Perhaps this is good so I can
focus on BASTC09 and not be distracted.
We understand that BASTC09 is included
with Level II OS-9 at $79.95. This puts
CoCo 1 and 2 owners who are consid-
ering moving to OS-9 Level I and
BASIC09 in a quandary. BAS1C09 f or Level
I sells separately for $99.95. With Level
Richard White lives in Fairfield, Ohio,
has a long background with microcom-
puters and specializes in BASIC pro-
gramming. With Don Doll berg, he is
the co-author of the TIMS database
management program.
I OS-9 priced at $69.95, There is a $90
difference that could be applied toward
a CoCo 3. For a serious CoCo 1 or 2
owner, this must make an upgrade
tempting.
Level I BASIC09 comes with four files
on the disk. Let's start with BASIC09.
This is the software development pro-
gram and includes a syntax-checking
line editor, a workspace for storing
source code procedures, an Execution
mode to run procedures, and a de-
bugger. To load and run BASIC09, it
should be copied to your current CMDS
directory. This way you can boot and
then type ex BASIC09 and be up and
running in BASIC09. I have a short start-
up file, called b09, in the data directory
of my system disk that runs BASIC09:
EX BASIC0S B14K < /TERM
This executes BASTC09, sets work-
space memory at 14K bytes and routes
input from the keyboard. At this point,
the user is in the System mode, which
accepts various file-handling com-
mands for dealing with files within the
workspace. These commands load them
from disk and save them to disk. All of
these files are ASCII source code, which
means they can be listed from OS-9 or
loaded into another editor. From Sys-
tem mode, any procedure in the work-
space can be run.
Since I have made it a point to de-
scribe these files as source code, you
might infer there is some other type of
BASIC09 procedure file. You are right.
Source code files will generally be kept
in a data directory. But from the work-
space, source procedures can be packed
and saved to disk, generally to a CMDS
directory. When a procedure is packed,
all keywords and variable names are
removed and numeric tokens and ad-
dresses are substituted in their place.
REMs are totally discarded when a proce-
dure is packed. How much memory is
saved depends on how wordy the source
code was. If you use one- or two-letter
variable names and dispense with re-
marks, the savings may be less than 20
percent. If your code uses long and
meaningful variable names and is well-
remarked, savings could approach 50
percent. I have verified the space sav-
ings many times. I have not seen that
packed code is noticeably faster, but I
may not have used the right applica-
tions.
A packed procedure may be run
either from BASIC09 or from OS-9. It
cannot be loaded into the workspace
any longer, but can load into available
memory outside BASIC09. If the proce-
dure is being run from OS-9, it first
causes the interpreter procedure runb,
which must be in the CMDS directory, to
load and execute. To run a packed
procedure in your CMDS directory, type
its name just as you would type di r or
1 is t.
There are two other procedures on
the BASIC09 distribution disk. Inkey is
a machine language procedure that gets
a character from a given path, generally
the keyboard, and returns it in a vari-
able that has been supplied as a parame-
ter when Inkey is run. Inkey must be
in the CMDS directory or have been
loaded into memory. The Graphics
Interface Module, GFX, is a CoCo-
specific machine language module that
provides color graphics commands.
Like Inkey, it should be in your CMDS
directory from which it is easily loaded
into memory from OS-9, or it will be
158 THE RAINBOW June 1987
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The Wiz is the First and Only program designed for
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Features include: Autolog- lets you configure The Wiz's col-
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receive, sleep mode, conference mode uses a separate
window for your text, usage log and much more. Does not
work with the CoCo's internal bit banger serial port. The
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automatically loaded the first time it is
referenced from a procedure. I expect
the Graphics Interface Module to
change dramatically for Level II to use
the CoCo 3*s new graphics modes.
To review, the four files supplied with
BASIC09 should be copied into your
CMOS directory. This may be on your
normal system disk or one you make
specially for use when working with
BASIC09. BASIC09 is started by typing ex
BASIC0S WXYK, which loads the proce-
dure, gives it an XYK workspace and
executes it. The source procedures that
you write using the editor are ASCII
files and should be saved to a data
directory. Source code can be loaded
back into BASIC09 for further editing.
Packing strips the words from the
procedure, which is then saved to disk,
preferably to the CMOS directory. Packed
code cannot be reloaded into the work-
space so be sure to save your source
code before packing the procedure(s).
Now that we are set up to use BASIC09,
what should we use it for? In July 1 98 1 ,
when RAINBOW'S first issue came out,
about the only way to make a CoCo do
anything was to write a BASIC program.
The history of other machines is similar.
Now it's 1987 and software abounds to
do most things we need, What will we
use BASIC09 for? The answer lies in those
speciality tasks that cannot be done well
in a word processor, spreadsheet, file
program or other existing software* We
need to remember that setting up an
application in a spreadsheet or file
manager is programming as well.
An example is a rank and awards
program I wrote for a local Scout troop.
I could not program a file or spread-
sheet program to print the kind of
reports I wanted. That may be an
overstatement. I did not see how I could
make the software I owned do this. I
knew generally how to go about the task
in BASIC09, and it turned out to be rather
easy to do. There will always be special
tasks that require special software.
Another use of BASIC09 is simple to
learn to program. Understanding how
a program works helps one understand
computers in general. The career impli-
cations of such understanding cannot
be understated. And many concepts
learned on a CoCo are easily transfer-
able to other machines. A friend sold his
employer on purchasing a Tandy 6000
with a Xenix operating system to run a
multi-user lab management system
based in large measure on his under-
standing of OS-9 running on his CoCo.
The 600i is in place and running well
because so much of his OS-9 knowledge
was was transferable to Xenix.
OK, but why learn BASIC09? Isn't
BASIC good enough? BASIC is good
enough for many quick programs
geared to do some specific task. I have
written some rather large BASIC pro-
grams, so I am well aware of its short-
comings, But, rather than fault BASIC,
let's look at some BASIC09 strengths.
Line numbers place some severe
limits on BASIC. Preferably, BASIC09 is
written without line numbers. One
immediate benefit is that almost any
amount of code can come after a THEN
in an I F-THEN-(ELS£)-END I F structure.
This eliminates the need to branch
somewhere else in the program to get
space for a substantial routine. This
greatly facilitates structured, top-down
programming where you can read the
program listing from top to bottom
without jumping around.
BASIC09 supports a variety of control
structures including IF-THEN-(ELSE)-
ENDIF; F0R-T0-(STEP)-NEXT; WHILE-
DO-END WHILE; REPEAT- UNTIL; and
LDDP-ENDLDDP with EXI T I F-THEN-
ENDEXI T. Each of these work somewhat
differently, giving the programmer a
selection of tools, one of which is likely
to do their specific job.
While you can use GDTD and GDSUB
to numbered linesin BASIC09, the ability
to run named BASIC09 and machine
language procedures is much more
straightforward and powerful, When
you run a procedure, you give it only
those variables it needs. If you inadvert-
ently re-use a variable name in the called
procedure that you used in the main
program, no harm is done since variable
names are local, not global, as in BASIC.
BASlC09's handling of variables is like
a compiled language rather than like an
interpreted language. There is no string
space management, as in BASIC. The
programmer must decide how long a
string will be and then tell BASIC09 using
a dimensioning statement. Once a var-
iable is dimensioned, its storage space
is allocated and fixed, whether it con-
tains data or not. Thus, variable length
strings pose a problem.
Otherwise, BASIC09 has an extremely
powerful variable typing system that is
a major contributor to its speed. In the
numeric domain, B as ICO 9 supports
BYTE, INTEGER (two byte) and REAL
variables. BVTE and INTEGER variables
save memory and compute very quickly.
REAL variables are floating-point vari-
ables that use more memory and com-
pute much more slowly. For most pro-
gram control purposes, BVTE and
I NTEGER variables are preferred. If you
need to run a FDR-TD-NEXT loop 10
times, an INTEGER does the job and
does it faster than a REAL would. There
is also a BOOLEAN type that carries either
a true or a false, But this is only a starter.
BASIC09 supports arrays and complex
data structures:
DIM name(30,3) :STRING{20]
This is a dimension statement. It tells
BASIC09 to allocate storage to an array
called name that will have 3t sets of
three variables, each of which will be 20
bytes long. This can be viewed as defin-
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160 THE RAINBOW June 1987
ing 30 records of three, 20-byte fields
each. These might be first, middle and
last name. Many of the programs I have
written deal with records with multiple
fields.
Actually, using a simple array to
define fields in a record is very limiting.
Further, the fields are identified by a
number that is not very enlightening to
someone else reading the program, or
even to the original programmer when
he wants to modify the program.
BAS1C09 lets you build extremely com-
plex record structures using the TYPE
statement. Since TYPE is very powerful,
it is also a bit difficult to understand at
the beginning. We will take it slowly.
Here is a restatement of the name
array using TYPE:
TYPE ful L_name - f i rstJiame ,
middle_name, las t_name :
5TRING[20]
DIM name ( 30 } : ful l_name
TYPE creates a new data type called
ful l__name that has three fields called
first-name, middle_name and last-
_name. Each field is a STRING 20 char-
acters long. TYPE does not allocate any
variable storage space. This is done in
the next line where an array of 30
members having the type full^name is
dimensioned.
What if you did not want to store the
full middle name, but only the middle
initial? Let's change the TYPE statement:
TYPE ful^^^^l = firsL_name,
last_name:STRING [20];
middle__init:5TRING[l]
DIM name ( 30 ) : f ul l_name
The manual says new data types are
defined as "a one-dimensional array of
previously defined types." At this point,
ful Ljname is a previously defined data
type and can be used in another TYPE
statement:
TYPE member - name : ful 1— name
; add ress : STRING [ 24 ] ; telephone
:STRING[8]
DIM entry (200):member
You might want to set up such a
structure to handle entries in a member-
ship list. However, you would also want
a few more fields in the record. City,
state and ZIP code would be needed at
minimum. What about an expiration
date? How about a few fields for notes
or other data? Perhaps a business phone
would be useful; the telephone fields
may need to be 12 characters long to
include an area code. Try your hand at
writing a TYPE statement that includes
these added fields.
A word about the ZIP code field. A
ZIP code is a number, and you may be
tempted to make it an INTEGER type to
save memory. But, ZIP codes range up
to 99,000 plus, which is well outside the
32,767 range of INTEGER variables.
Your choices are to make the ZIP code
a RERL or leave it a STRING. I would do
the latter. You can still sort on ZIP code,
which you would probably want to do,
and get the list in proper ZIP code
order.
When you use TYPE variables, you
need to access fields by their names:
entry (22 ). address : - "44 Dow
Ct . "
This puts the address "44 Dow Ct."
into the address field of en try (22)
record . Since "name" is really two-deep,
assigning a last name looks like this:
en t ry ( 22 ) . name . las t__name :
= "White"
One of the neatest things about these
complex data structures is you can send
the whole record or array to disk and
get it back with single statements.
Further, the whole structure is saved as
a direct memory dump making the
whole operation fast. PUT ttpath,
entry saves the whole array to disk,
while GET ttpath, entry loads it into
memory.
Memory is what puts a limit on how
bigthe data structure can get. In my Boy
Scout awards program, the structure
includes name, patrol, datejoined, a 12-
member array for skill award dates, a
1 20-member array for merit badge dates
and a 10-member array for rank dates.
The size of the structure is over 1,000
bytes, but this is no trouble since only
one member is in memory at a time.
Last, but not least, when you dimen-
sion a variable, that variable is not
automatically initialized. When the
program is run, BASIC09 assigns mem-
ory space to the variable and whatever
is in that area at the time is in the
variable. So, let's initialize the entry
array:
FOR count=l TO 200
en t ry ( count
M
entry ( coun t
l n 1 1 : -
ent ry ( count
m
en try ( count
en try ( count
NEXT count
. name „ f i rst„name
. name .middle.
.name. 1 as t— name
. address : -
. telephone : - ""
This puts a null into each field and
provides another example of how to
access individual fields.
Next month, we will start developing
a name, address, telephone and other
data program that can be used for
rosters, printing mailing labels and a
variety of other related needs. Because
of the modularity of BASIC09, a basic file
structure and data entry/ edit program
can be written with various application
modules added later to do jobs not
anticipated. ■
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June 1987 THE RAINBOW 161
KISSable OS-9
Shooting for a Standard
By Dale L. Puckett
Rainbow Contributing Editor
We've been helping Bill Brady
beta test Wiz, his OS-9 Level
II terminal program, for sev-
eral months now, and it just keeps
getting better. In the latest edition, he
has implemented VT-52 emulation. You
might ask what advantage this has for
a Color Computer user. I did!
"You and I may not use it too much,
but the people who like to play online
games like Delphi's Flight Simulator
will love it," Brady said. "It will also be
a great feature for people who need or
want to talk to VAX or several of the
other minicomputers or mainframes."
I checked out the VT-52 by exercising
it with Red Ryder running on the Mac-
intosh. It worked great.
After we discussed the pros and cons
of a VT-52 emulation mode in a CoCo
terminal program and Brady threw out
a few plugs f or his "alt g" function that
lets you create and use a graphics screen
while online, the conversation turned to
CoCoBin, an excellent addition to the
Xmodem file transfer standard. I sug-
gested the name to Brady after we
compared it to MacBinary, a similar
standard used by both the MAUG on
CIS and the Delphi's Macintosh ICON-
tact. Mac Binary and CoCoBin, if we
can pull together and make it a stand-
ard, give us a way to transfer binary files
to another computer with all the file's
Dale L. Puckett, who is author of The
Official BASIC09 Tour Guide and co-
author, with Peter Dibble, of The
Official Rainbow Guide to OS-9, is a
free-lance writer and programmer. He
serves as director-at-large of the OS-9
Users Group and is a member of the
Computer Press Association. Dale is a
U.S. Coast Guard lieutenant and lives
in Rockville, Maryland.
attributes intact.
For example, when you download a
program from MAUG or ICONtact
with a Macintosh, the terminal program
gives your new file the name of the
original file. At the same time, it
transfers all the data in what Apple
programmers call the resource fork of
the file. This fork often contains icons
that visually identify the program and
other resources that make a program
look like a Macintosh program.
CoCoBin works by appending an
extra block to the beginning of a file.
That block contains the OS-9 unique
information that we find in the file
descriptor including the size of the file
and the security attributes such as d, s,
e, pe, u, pu, r and pr.
Brady hasn't finalized the convention
for putting the filename in, but he is
working on it. The major question
CoCoBin must answer is what it should
do with a file when it reads in a name
from another computer that already
exists in its own current data directory.
In Mac Binary, the authors give the
new file the same name with a . 1
appended to it. Brady does it the same
way in his initial implementation, and
it seems to solve the problem nicely.
Keep in mind the module name inside
will come from the module name within
the file being received so it will not be
affected.
CoCoBin does not presently have the
automatic filename feature, but Brady
hopes to include it in the near future.
That feature alone makes MacBinary a
dream to use.
"The ultimate objective is to send any
file and have it end up at the other end
with exactly the same name and all the
attributes of the original file," Brady
said. "With straight Xmodem you must
fill the data at the end and all the other
attributes are left to the beck and call
of the programmer."
CoCoBin will be needed to handle the
new data types that we will be seeing
with OS-9 Level II, namely fonts. Who
knows, when Multi- Vue arrives we may
even be able to transfer a program's
Icon. Let's take a closer look at the
CoCoBin standard.
With the advent of OS-9 Level II for
the Color Computer 3, new data types,
fonts, are possible in the OS-9 file
system. Additionally, when any file
traverses the Xmodem send /receive
cycle, and that file is not exactly divis-
ible by 128, the Xmodem block size, fill
data is appended by the sender. Tradi-
tionally the fill has been removed by
either passing the file through the OS-
9 verify utility or by loading it into
memory and re-saving it in another file.
Unfortunately these steps only work
with files that contain loadable mod-
ules, i.e., those prefaced with 87CD.
Text files can be repaired with any text
editor. None of these methods will work
for fonts, since they are neither 87CD
prefaced modules nor straight text files.
It would aid inexperienced operators if
the file could be traversed with as little
modification as possible, for all type of
files. Therefore, it is proposed that a
new subset of the Xmodem protocol be
created that shall be called CoCoBin
and be defined as follows:
A single Xmodem block shall be sent
in preface to Xmodem transfers. This
block shall contain information needed
to remove the fill at the end of transmis-
sion. On upload, the operator will be
given a choice of straight Xmodem
upload or CoCoBin upload. If Co-
Co Bin is selected, the sending Xmodem
will preface the actual file data with a
block that contains the following infor-
mation:
1 62 THE RAINBOW June 1 987
XMODEM 132 Byte Block #1 CoCoBin
Byte 1 SOH (01)
Byte 2 Block » (01)
Byte 3 Block MOD(256)
Byte 4 ATTR byte (usually (07))
Byte 5 OWNERmsb (usually (00))
Byte 6 OWNER Isb (usually (00))
Byte 7 YEAR (87)($57) (Date)
Byte 8 MONTH (03) (Last Modified)
Byte 9 DAY (02) (Sent)
Byte 10 FILE SIZE mmsb
Byte 11 FILE SIZE msb
Byte 12 FILE SIZE 1sb
Byte 13 FILE SIZE 11sb
Byte 14 YEAR
Byte 15 MONTH
Byte 16 DAY
Byte 17-131 NOT YET DEFINED
Byte 132 Checksum
After this block is sent, data transfer
will continue in the customary fashion,
with the n^xt block labeled as Block 2.
This method, while requiring pre-
knowledge on the operator's part, both
for upload and download, is transpar-
ent to the host computer. On download,
the receiver must know in advance that
the file is in the CoCoBin format. The
receiving Xmodem will then decode the
file size — the most useful piece of
information — and use it in the follow-
ing ways:
• Display to the operator the number
of blocks forthcoming in the trans-
mission.
• May also use the the total blocks/
received blocks to drive a percent
complete indicator.
• Will discontinue writing data to the
incoming file when bytes received
equals the file size (fd.siz) effec-
tively "stripping the fill."
After this use, the receiving Xmodem
will discard the CoCoBin block (Block
1) and save all subsequent blocks to the
file.
The opportunity still exists for other
information to be included in the not yet
defined bytes (more than 100) of this
block. Responses are encouraged and
should be sent to "KISSable OS-9" at
RAINBOW. We will forward them to Bill
Brady. If you would like to discuss it
with him online, you can reach him at
any of the following addresses: CIS,
70126,267; Delphi, wbrady; Genie,
W.BRADY. Or you may write him at
4776-B Carmody Court, Harwood, MD
29776.
CoCoBin is already a feature of Wiz.
It is up to us to make it a standard. If
we do develop this standard and en-
courage both the CIS and Delphi OS-
9 SIG SysOps to adopt it, we will find
OS-9 FD Definition
FD.ATT
FD.OWN
FD.DAT
FD.SIZ
FD.DCR
life much easier when it comes to binary
data file transfers.
Paul Searby Continues to
Support OS-9
During Color Expo '87 we jumped at
the chance to interview Computer-
ware's Paul Searby. Computerware was
one of the first companies to support
OS-9 users, and they have stuck with us
through thick and thin. When Searby
addressed the OS-9 Users Group Break-
fast at R AINBOWfest, Palo Alto,
nearly a year and a half ago, he made
a strong plea f or sof tware developers to
write intuitive programs that are easy to
use. We thought this would be a good
time to get a progress report.
Dale. What's changed since Palo
Alto?
Paul: For a long time the real concern
and the nagging question was, "Is there
going to be a Color Computer market?"
Then in late July and early August we
picked up a fairly strong sense that there
was really going to be a Color Comput-
er 3. Later in the fall we were able to
get a copy of OS-9 Level II through a
non-disclosure agreement, and we
started to verify that everything we had
published worked on the new machine
and started to develop a WordSlar-Yikz
word processor, Screen Star.
Dale: I hear you have a new terminal
package.
Paul: Yes, we also ported our com-
plete Color Connection terminal pack-
age, and it now works on both OS-9
Level I and Level II. It gives the Xmo-
dem protocol, the CompuServe B Pro-
tocol, as well as standard Xon/Xoff
data transfers. It works at 1200 baud
using the bit banger port on the CoCo
1, 2 or 3. We tried to supply the features
people have requested. It is menu-
driven, supports auto-dialing, has built-
in macros and can capture ASCII files
larger than your buffer. It works con-
sistently on RS-DOS, Level I and Level
II.
We wrote our own driver to let it work
at 1200 baud. In fact, we have actually
merged it into the program. It links with
the Color Connection when you load it
and unlinks when you exit. We have
merged our device driver and descriptor
with the program code. When you load
one, you load them all. We also added
a rather large buffer in the driver so that
when Color Connection says stop, we
won't lose any data f rom the host Q even
if the host doesn't stop quickly. With
both the Color Connection and Screen
Star, we have provided our own screen
driver for OS-9 Level I, Version 2.00.00.
It gives a 5 l-by-24 display and reverse
scrolling, a feature that isn't available in
the Radio Shack drivers. We use the
stock OS-9 windows on the Level II
versions.
Dale: How close is Screen Star to
WordStar!
Paul: First, you must remember that
the Color Computer keyboard is differ-
ent in a number of ways. The cursor and
SHIFT keys are a problem area. On the
Color Computer they actually generate
a control sequence, and you can stum-
ble into a conflict if you aren't careful.
And sometimes, you can't make the
keyboard do exactly what you want it
to. There is a system call that lets you
check to see if the SHIFT or CONTROL
key has been pressed at the same time
as a cursor key. We are using it and it
has helped a lot.
Dale: Is Screen Star WYSIWYG?
Paul: We are not supporting the full ■
left and right justification feature of
WordStar within the editor. Rather, we
are putting it in a package with our text
processor. You can load the text proces-
sor from your disk or have it in memory
on an OS-9 Level II system. We have
added a help menu and a spelling
checker. The help menu gives you a
preview of the text formatter com-
mands. You can run Screen Star in one
OS-9 Level II window and keep the text
processor running in another. If you
don't want to open another window,
you can exit Screen Star and then run
the text formatter. Later on, we hope to
release an enhanced version that more
closely merges Screen Star with the
formatter. Registered users can upgrade
at nominal prices.
Dale: Have you added anything to
WordStar?
Paul: There's an interesting set of
menus called the parameter menu, 10
function keys, one through nine. You
June 1987 THE RAINBOW 163
can run any other OS-9 program from
within Screen Star and when you re-
turn, your cursor will be positioned just
where it was when you left. You can
toggle the help messages on and off by
pressing a single control character. We
are supporting the lock functions, find/
replace functions and we let you use the
"?" wild card with the find and replace
commands.
Dale: How much does it cost?
Paul: It sells for $49.95; a bargain
considering it was all written in assem-
bly language. My philosophy, all along,
has been to keep our software afforda-
ble. For $79.95 you get Screen Star, the
speller and the formatter. We also
believe in very reasonable upgrades and
have carried many customers through
three or four upgrades for $10 or $15
each on a $100 package. For example,
a Level II update f or Databank will only
cost $15. It has been modified so the
same version works on both Level I and
Level II. It can even determine the size
of your window.
Dale: Why a WordStar clone?
Paul: A lot of people have already
been exposed to WordStar at work.
This means they are already familiar
with it and will enjoy working with the
same command set at home. Other
people can learn it on the Color Com-
puter and then apply their skills at
work. It gives them the opportunity to
pick up the feel of a very expensive MS-
DOS package at a very reasonable
price. Besides, when you get down to it,
WordStar commands are logical.
Dale: Is Screen Star hard to learn?
Paul: The manual is well-organized.
In the first few pages, you learn all you
really need to know. I try to learn a
command a day. Or during one week,
I concentrate on a single command.
When you work this way, you slowly
but surely wind up knowing most of the
command set.
Dale: How much memory does
Screen Star take?
Paul: The program is only 7K long.
In fact, we will probably be able to
provide all of our enhancement in a
single OS-9 Level II 8K block. If we do
go over the 8K boundary, once we
receive the real Level II documentation,
we will really be able to knock your
socks off.
Dale: What's next for Computer-
ware?
Paul: I would like to get the company
back in the database area. But, any new
product must be different from Profile
because we have licensed that program
to Tandy.
Dale: Having any trouble moving up
to Level II?
Paul: We have been using it for years
on other machines so it is an elementary
move for us — a matter of building the
system disks.
Dale: How do you like Level II?
Paul: Well, quite candidly, we need an
interrupt-driven disk driver. You can
have all the power in the world, but if
you can't get at the keyboard when you
need it, it doesn't work. Yet, I have been
doing a iot of consulting and it's the best
that's out there.
Dale: Does OS-9 Level II have any
shortcomings?
Paul: It's not quite as user-friendly as
it could be. For example, the BASIC
copy command should have wildcards.
Also, Microware should offer a backup
command that supports downloading
from a hard disk to a floppy. There are
some pieces of the system that are still
needed to put a pretty face on OS-9.
Some of the commands are the same as
they were several years ago. That's why
we hope to follow up with a KShell II
for Level II. We'll also upgrade our
advanced utilities.
Dale: Do you see any problems in the
future?
Paul: We are market-d riven. The type
of pxogram we are developing requires
at least six months to develop. If the
market stays with us, we will continue
to support it. But if the market dies
down, we will have to make it a smaller
percentage of what we are doing. I like
this market; it is fun and serious, enter-
taining and productive!
What Is a Pathlist?
M. L. Braun of Bellevue, Ohio, wrote
us this month to ask for some additional
help with OS-9. He needs to know how
to read a directory and print it out and
how to load the OS-9 programs from
RAINBOW ON DISK.
The first thing to remember is that if
you want to give OS-9 a complete
pathlist, you must start that pathlist
with a slash (/). For example, if you
want to give OS-9 a complete pathlist
to the dir utility command on your
standard OS-9 system disk, you would
type:
^d0/cmds/di r
This command line tells OS-9 you
want to run a program stored in a file
named dir. That file is stored in a
directory named CMOS, which is a file
containing a directory that is stored in
a directory named 'd0. The slash tells
OS-9 you want it to start its search for
the file named di r on a device, i.e., disk
drive /d0.
If you have just booted a copy of the
standard system disk you received when
you bought OS-9, you will be using a
current data directory named 'D0 and
a current execution directory named
/D0/CMDS. Because OS-9 tries to load
files from its current execution direc-
tory, you could have have simply typed:
dir.
OC-Check Writer it you use Dynacalc to keep track of your
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COMING SOON' 1 . CC-QFFSCE WORLD accounting package!!
Requires QS-9 and printer. Works with PBJ Wordpak
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OS-9 trademark of Microware & Motorola Inc,
Hint . .
Precautionary Poke
If you are looking for a way to trap the entire CoCo
keyboard, look no further. If you want to "turn off"
the keyboard, just use PQKE65281 ,0. To turn it back
on, use POKE 65281,4, This is great during demo
programs or during critical computations where an
inadvertent press of the BREAK key might cause a good
deal of lost data. Just make sure this poke is not in
effect when your program asks for keyboard input.
This would obviously result in a locked-up system.
Ryan Devlin
Louisville, KY
164 THE RAINBOW June 1987
After you have typed either of the
commands, you will see a listing of the
files stored in your current data direc-
tory, /d0. It most likely looks some-
thing like this:
Directory of m 19:23:59
CMDS SYS DEFS startup
The three names printed in uppercase
letters are directories. The other file,
startup, is a straight text file that
contains an OS-9 procedure file that is
executed f or you automatically at start-
up. If you wanted to see the names of
the files in the DEFS directory, you
would type:
di r def s
One of the files in that directory is
named 059Defs. If you wanted to look
at that file you would type:
list defs/0S9Defs
When you typed that command, your
current data directory was /d0. This
means you did not need to type the
complete pathlist:
list /d0/defs/DS9Defs
If you find you understand what you
are doing by typing complete pathlists,
by all means type them. After you
become more familiar with the system,
you will get lazy and want to learn the
shortcuts built into OS-9.
Braun wanted to learn to load and
run the programs from "KISSable OS-
9" distributed on RAINBOW ON DISK, To
do this, he will need to remember that
the binary (executable) code is stored in
directories named CMDS on those disks.
The source code on the disks is usually
stored in directories named SOURCE. If
he has two disk drives, Braun can place
his RAINBOW ON DISK in Drive 'dl and
type:
dir /dl
This command line assumes that he
still has his OS-9 system disk with its
CMDS directory loaded in Drive /d0. If
he sees a directory named CMDS on
Drive 'dl when he types the command
line above, he can look at the names of
the files by typing:
dir /dl/CMDS
Let's assume he sees a file named
demo and wants to run it. Let's also
assume it contains one or more execu-
table OS-9 modules. How can he load
this file? First, he has to stop and
remember that his current execution
directory is set to 'd0/CMDS. This
means that if he types, for example,
demo, OS-9 will look in 'd0/CMDS and
won't be able to find a file named demo.
It will then report the infamous "file not
found" Error 216. What happened?
What can he do to run demo?
There are two answers to that ques-
tion. Braun can either type a complete
pathlist to the file or he can change his
current execution directory to 'dl'
CMDS where the file named demo is
stored. To take the first course, he
would type:
■
/dl/CMDS/demo
If he would rather use the second ap-
proach, he could type:
chx 'dl/CMDS
demo
Or, he could have loaded the modules
in the file named demo while his execu-
tion directory was still set at /d0'CMDS
by typing:
load /dl/CMDS/demo
He could then run it by typing:
demo
Time out for one more "gotcha" and
we'll move on. What would have hap-
pened if Braun had changed his current
execution directory to /dl'CMDS and
then tried to load demo? He would have
typed:
load demo
After typing this command line, he
would again receive the "file not found"
error message. Why? Because his cur-
rent execution directory was set to 'dl/
CMDS, and load was stored in /d0/
CMDS. When OS-9 went to its current
execution directory to find load, the
cupboard was bare.
Braun also mentioned that he would
like to be able to print out a directory.
To do that he. merely needs to redirect
his output to the printer. Assuming he
has a serial printer plugged into his RS-
232 port, he can type:
dir /dl/CHD5 >/p
This will print a listing of the contents
of the directory 'dl/CMDS on his print-
er. Hopefully, if you are brand new to
OS-9, this short tutorial will help get
you off to a fast start.
Not a Good Idea, But . . .
Here's a tip from Ian Hodgson of
Dorval, Quebec. Hodgson needed to
run some OS-9 Version 1.0 1 programs
on his CoCo 3. He discovered he could
do this by booting in Version 2.00.00
OS-9™ SOFTWAREIHARDWARE
SDISK— Standard disk driver module allows the full use of 35, 40
or 80 track double sided disk drives with COCO OS-9 plus you
can read/write/format the OS-9 formats used by other OS-9
systems. (Note: you can read 35 or 40 track disks on an 80 track
drive). Now updated for OS-9 ver. 02.00.00 $29.95
SDISK + BOOTFIX— As above plus boot directly from a double
sided diskette $35.95
L1 UTILITY PAK— Contains all programs from Filter Kits Nos. 1
& 2 plus Hacker's Kit #, plus several additional programs, Over
35 utilities including "wild card" file cmds, MacGen command
language, disassembler, disk sectoredit and others. Very useful,
many of these you will find yourself using every time you run your
system. These sold separately for over $85. $49.95
SKIO — Hi res screen driver for 24 x 51 display; does key click,
boldface, italics; supports upgraded keyboards and mouse. With
graphics screen dump and other useful programs. Now UPDATED
FOR OS-9 Ver 2.0 $29.95
PC-XFER UTILITIES— Utilities to read/write and format ss MS-
DOStm diskettes on CoCo under OS-9. $45.00 (requires SDISK)
CCRD 512K Byte RAM DISK CARTRIDGE— Requires RS Multipak
interface, two units may be used together for 1MB RAM disk.
Addressing is switch selectable. OS-9 level 1 and 2 driverand test
software included. $169.00
All disk prices are for CoCo OS-9 format; for other formats, specify
and add $2.00 each. Order prepaid or COD, VISA/MC accepted, add
$1.50 S&H for software, $5.00 for CCRD; actual charges added for
COD.
D.P. Johnson, 7655 S.W. Cedarcrest St.
Portland, OR 97223(503) 244-8152
(For best service call between 9-11 AM Pacific Time)
OS-9 Is a trademark of Mlcroware and Motorola Inc
MS-DOS Is a trademark of Microsoft, Inc.
June 1987 THE RAINBOW 1 65
The Rainbow Bookshelf
Fill out your CoCo library
with these selections
The Complete Rainbow Guide to OS-9
Authors Dale Puckett and Peter Dibble show how to take
advantage of OS-9's multitasking and multiuser features. An easy-
to-read, step-by-step guide packed with hints, tips, tutorials and free
software in the form of program listings.
Book $19.95
Disk Package $31 (2 disks, book not included)
The Rainbow Introductory Guide to Statistics
Dr. Michael Plog and Dr. Norman Stenzel give a solid introduction
to the realm of statistical processes and thinking for both the
beginner and the professional.
Book $6.95, Tape or Disk $5.95, Package $11 .95
The First Rainbow Book of Adventures
Contains 14 winning programs from our first Adventure contest.
Includes Sir Randolph of the Moors, Horror House, One Room, Dr.
Avaloe and more. Plus hints, tips on solving Adventures.
Book $3.50, Tape $3.50
The Second Rainbow Book of Adventures
Featuring 24 of the most challenging Adventure games ever
compiled- Meet the Beatles and battle the Blue Meanies, find a
hidden fortune, or win the heart of a mysterious princess. Ring
Quest, Secret Agent Man, Dark Castle, Curse of Karos and more!
Book $13.95, Tape $13.95
The Third Rainbow Book of Adventures
The excitement continues with 19 new Adventures. Discover
backstage intrigue at the London Theatre, attempt a daring space
rescue, or defeat evil in the year 2091 as a genetic android. Evil
Crypt, Spymaster, Time Machine, The Amulet, and that's only the
beginning!
Book $11.95, Tape $9.95, Two-Disk Set $14.95
The Rainbow Book of Simulations
20 award-winning entries from THE RAINBOW'S first Simulations
contest. You are a Civil War Commander, an air traffic controller,
a civil defense coordinator, or a scientist on Mars . . . your wits are
on the line.
Book $9.95, Tape $9.95
The Second Rainbow Book of Simulations
The 16 winners from our second Simulations contest. Fly through
dense African jungle, bull your way down Wall Street, lead a bomb
squad, or try your hand at Olympic events. Test your skills and
talents. Book $9,95, Tape $9.95, Disk $10.95
Coming soon: A complete Rainbow guide to
using OS-9 Level II on the Color Computer 3
r
/ want to start my own Rainbow Bookshelf!
Name
Address
Cil
ZIP
ity
State
□ Payment Enclosed, or □ Charge to:
□ VISA □ MasterCard □ American Express
Account Number
Card Expiration Date
Signature
Please send me:
□ The Rainbow Book of Simulations
□ Rainbow Simulations Tape
□ The Second Rainbow Book of Simulations
□ Second Rainbow Simulations Tape
□ Second Rainbow Simulations Disk
□ The Complete Rainbow Guide to 0S-9 (book only)
□ Rainbow Guide to 0S-9 Disk Package (2 disks)
□ The Rainbow Book of Adventures (first)
□ Rainbow Adventures Tape (lirst)
□ The Second Rainbow Book of Adventures
□ Second Rainbow Adventures Tape
□ The Third Rainbow Book of Adventures
□ Third Adventures Tape
□ Third Adventures Disk Set (2 disks)
□ Introductory Guide to Statistics
□ Guide to Statistics Tape or Disk (indicate choice)
□ Guide to Statistics Package (indicate choice of tape or
Add $1.50 per book Shipping and Handling in U.S.
Outside U.S., add $4 per book
Kentucky residents add 5% sales tax
(Allow 6 to 8 weeks lor delivery)
$ 9.95 .
$ 9.95 .
- $ 9.95 .
$ 9.95 .
$10.95.
$19.95.
$31.00.
$ 3.50 iJ^r.
$ 3.50 1J£9\
$13.95.
$13.95.
$11.95.
$ 9.95 .
$14.95.
$ 6.95 .
$ 5.95 .
disk) $11.95.
Total
Mail to: Rainbow Bookshelf, The Falsoft Building, P.O. Box 385,
Prospect, KY 40059
To order by phone (credit card orders only) call (800) 847-
0309, 8 a.m. to 5 p.m. EST. For other inquiries call (502)
228-4492.
Please note: The tapes and disks offered by The Rainbow Bookshelf are not stand-alone products.
That is, they are intended to be an adjunct and complement to the books. Even if you buy the tape
or disk, you will still need the appropriate book. OS-9* is a registered trademark of the Microware
Systems Corporation.
i j
from a program disk that uses it, Desk-
Mate, for example. After the initial
boot, he did a warm reset by pressing
the reset button and everything worked
fine. Of course, you'll soon discover that
OS-9 Level II is the only way to tap the
real power under the Color Computer
3's hood.
PrintF orm Update
In the May 1986 edition of "KISSable
OS-9" we featured the source code for
a shareware program named Print Form
from Frank Malaney of Pataskala,
Ohio. Again, if you need an excellent
print formatter and don't want to type
in the source, Malaney will send it to
you on disk if you send him a shareware
donation of $15. His address is 8708
Mink Street SW, Pataskala, OH 43062.
PrintForm is versatile. It lets you
change a printer personality file when
you move up to a newer model. Mala-
ney has received many questions about
this process during the past year and
decided to share some of the techniques
needed to generate a new printer per-
sonality file with "KISSable OS-9"
readers.
Control sequence codes are stored in
a file in your execution directory named
prtr.contrl. This file contains infor-
mation about your printer and the
control letter sequences you need to
send to it. When PrintForm is first
called, it loads prt.contrl, your
printer personality file.
The first step is to understand what
PrintForm expects in this printer per-
sonality file and how it is used. Print-
Form was developed with the idea that
printer technology is constantly chang-
ing and that your printer may not be one
of the currently popular models.
Malaney decided you should be able
to configure the program to your print-
er and your needs on a semi-permanent
basis. He realized that there had to be
a simple and reasonable method for you
to generate the printer personality file
without resorting to programming. He
also recognized that the method used
should have some self-documenting
procedures so that, at a later time, it
could be easily revised or updated.
The concept that evolved was to
create a printer module using an editor
and include provisionsf ordocumenting
each control sequence. The printer
module is then processed by a program
called printer .mod to compile the
printer personality file prtr.contrl.
The printer, mod program does not
perform any error checking on your
data. The format must be followed
exactly, or your printer personality file
will not be correct.
The letter associated with the control
code sequence that follows must be a
capital letter in the first column. A space
must follow the letter. The first number
of the printer code follows. It must be
a decimal number. A space follows. This
sequence of a decimal number and
space continues through all the
numbers required to implement the
desired printer function with that con-
trol letter. You may use up to eight
numbers for any one letter. An asterisk
terminates the sequence. After the
asterisk, the remainder of the line is
available for comments. A typical data
line with back slashes substituted f or the
required spaces is listed below:
§y.l4\21\45\6*This is a typical
line with back slashes for
spaces
This is how the line would actually be
entered:
5 114 21 45 6 * This is a typical
line with proper spaces
You will find that sometimes you may
need to use more than one printer
control sequence to get the desired
result. For example, if your printer
requires a 27 45 to cancel double wide
and a 27 34 65 to set up 10 cpi to be
assigned to control letter C, you would
type:
C 27 45 27 34 65 * Cancel double
Joide and set for 10 cpi
Note that we have documented ex-
actly what the control letter is intended
to do. Decoding those strings of
numbers at a later date is not easy!
You may need to spend a lot of time
with your printer manual to find out
exactly what your printer will do and
the code number sequences needed to
do it. You may also find that certain
modes of operation preclude other
modes. For example, certain Gemini
models will not print superscripts or
subscripts in the emphasized mode. If
something does not seem to be working
properly, review your manual very
carefully. Remember, PrintForm was
PRINTERS!
N EW! Okidata 1 92+ (Par. or Ser.) s 370
NE W! Okidata 193 (Parallel) s 540
N EW* Okidata 193+ (Serial) $ 6 1 0
Okimate 20 Color Printer 5 1 35
Fujitsu 2100 (80 col.) s 4 1 0
Fujitsu 2200 (1 32 col.) s 520
Toshiba 321 (Par. or Ser.) s 5 1 0
Qume Letterpro 20 (Letter Qual.) s 445
Silver Reed 420 (Daisy Wheel) $ 240
Silver Reed 600 (Daisy Wheel) $ 575
(Add 5 10 Shipping for Printers)
ACCESSORIES!
Taxan 12" Green Monitor $ 1 25
Taxan 1 2" Amber Monitor 5 1 35
Table Top Printer Stand
w/Slot(80 col.) $ 30
Table Top Printer Stand
w/Slot(l32 col.) s 45
Stand w/Diskette Storage (80 col.) s 47
Stand w/Diskette Storage (1 32 col.) s 57
Other Printers. Monitors, and Accessories for CoCo
and IBM upon request.
5 15 off interface with purchase of printer.
Find your cheapest published price and we'll beat it!!!
DISK DRIVE SYSTEMS!
ALL 'A HEIGHT DOUBLE SIDED
Drive 0 (addressed as 2 drives!) s 235
Drive 0.1 (addressed as 4 drives!) s 350
All above complete with HDS controller,
cable, & drive in case with power supply
Bare Double Sided Drives 5 109
Dual l /i Height Case w/ Power Supply 5 49
Double Sided Adapter *25
HDS Controller, RS ROM & Instructions s 99
25 CDC DS/DD Diskettes s 32 & s 3 s/h
We use the HDS controller exclusively. Can use 2 different DOS ROM's.
Shipping Costs: s 5/ drive or power supply, 5 10 max.
Co Co Serial Cables 15 ft — MO. Co Co/RS-232 Cables 15 ft.- 5 20.
Other cables on request. (Add s 3°° shipping)
SP-2 INTERFACE for
EPSON PRINTERS:
■ 300-19,200 BAUD rates
■ Fits inside printer — No AC Plugs
■ Optional external switch (*5 00 extra) frees parallel
port for use with other computers
■ M9 9S (plus s 3°° shipping)
SP-3 INTERFACE for
MOST OTHER PRINTERS:
■ 300-19,200 BAUD rates
■ External to printer — No AC Plugs
■ Built in modem/printer switch — no need for Y-cablesor
plugging/ unplugging cables
■ s 64 95 (plus *3°° shipping)
Both also available for IBM, RS-232 and Apple IIC computers.
c
R
P.O. Box 293
Raritan, NJ 08869
(201) 722-1055
ENGINEERING
June 1987 THE RAINBOW 167
designed not to limit what your printer
is capable of doing. But, your printer
has definite limitations and it may not
be able to do everything listed here.
The control character can also be
defined in the printer module for inclu-
sion in the printer personality file. This
is done by putting an equal sign (=) in
the first column where the control letter
normally appears followed by a space,
the ASCII value of the control charac-
ter expressed as a decimal number,
another space and the required asterisk.
A typical line for this is shown here:
= 32 * sets back slash as control
code
The letters need not be in alphabetical
order. The control character may be at
any fixed position in the list. The most
important requirement is for the spaces
between the letter, the numbers and the
asterisk. Remember, you cannot use
more than eight decimal numbers per
control letter.
Here's how you compile a printer
personality file. Assuming that your
printer module is named module, the
following sequence does the job:
1) Check and verify that print-
er, mod is in your execution direc-
tory.
2) Enter pr in t . mod <module
3) You will see a status report that tells
you the printer module file has been
read.
4) The disk drive will come on and
write the file to your current execu-
tion directory.
More Shell Prompts
Dave Satterfield of Carson City,
Nevada, wrote to suggest they put the
following patch in their start-up files.
debug
1 shell
. {space) .+37
=4B
=20
=07
q
If you do this, you'll be greeted with
the f amiliar OK f ollowed by a bell tone.
The address above is for the standard
OS-9-Level I, Version 2.00.00 shell. I
looked at the shell that comes with OS-
9 Level II and found the 05-9 prompt
at an offset of 36 Hex bytes. If you want
your OS-9-based Color Computer to
look like it's running UNIX, you could
change the prompt code above to:
=24
=20
=07
OS-9 Level II Patches Already
Hackers sure love to find out what
makes a system tick. Would you believe
that before OS-9 Level II was in the
stores, a patch file was available in the
RAINBOW Delphi OS-9 Online SIG?
Courtesy of Chuck Hoffman: If you
would like to make your floppy disk
drive motors shut off sooner, make the
following patches to CC3Disk:
Offset
$329
$3F0
$42A
Old Value
$F0
$F0
$F0
New Value
$80
$80
$80
Listing 1: fit
(c) 1986 by STEPHEN B. GOLDBERG
* AT
* Use: at <time> <cmdfile>
* Executes 'cmdfile 1 at future f time T
* 'Cmdfile 1 is the filename or pathlist of an OS-9
* procedure file.
■>v
* If f cmdfile f doesn't exist you will be prompted for file
* entries from the keyboard just like the 'Build 1 utility.
* All output to the screen (standard output path and
* standard error path) is redirected to /nil. If you
* want to save any of it, you must redirect these paths
* in the procedure file's commands or in the lines that
* are entered from the keyboard to other files.
* Time is set using 24 hour clock (0 to 23 hours and
* 00 to 59 minutes) . A one or two digit time entry
* is considered hours. A three or four digit time
* entry is considered hours and minutes .
* EXAMPLES:
* 0S9: at 930 /dl/workfile <ENTER>
* Executes the commands in 'workfile 1 at 9:30am
*
0S9: at 15 /d0/newfile <ENTER>
? format /dl r"NEW DISK" <ENTER>
? backup #30k <ENTER>
? yy <ENTER>
? <ENTER>
* Builds 'newfile 1 from keyboard and executes it at 3pm
* NOTE: The f Atrun f module must be in current execution
■>'<■ directory and the Nil and NilDrv modules must be in
* RAM for 'At 1 to function.
*
•>v
hour
min
count
ifpl
use
endc
mod
rmb
rmb
rmb
/d0/def s/os9def s
len ,name , prgrm+obj ct , reent+2 , entry, dsiz
1 set hour
1 set minute
1 digit count
168 THE RAINBOW June 1987
If you have some old OS-9 Level I
disks laying around that you have
formatted with the back of the disk
/d0as/d2 and /dl as /d3,youcan read
that data off onto an OS-9 Level II
double-sided disk with these patches:
Offset Old Value New Value
$2AE $04 $41
$2AF $40 $42
Here's a quick way to get that data
off of the old disks on to the true,
double-sided disks you will always want
to use with OS-9 Level II: Temporarily
patch the device descriptor /dd to make
it look like /d2 or /d3. Here are the
offsets and values, first for /d2:
Offset
Old Value
New Value
$13
$00
$02
$19
$02
$01
$22
$C4
$B2
Offset
Old Value
New Value
13
$00
$03
19
$02
$01
22
$C4
$B3
Hopefully, you'll only need these
patches one time. You can save them to
a disk file. When you load them, make
sure you run the iniz utility before you
try to use them:
load BackSide.dd
iniz d2 d3
The command lines above assume
that you have saved the /dd device
descriptor patched above and then
merged them into a file named Back-
Side. You must also remember to verify
the new files with verify's update option
and set the execute attribute in the new
file. Here's one possible sequence.
save /d0/pa tchedD2 {space) D2
save /d0/pa tchedD3 (space) D3
verify </ DO/ pa tchedD2
>/D0/D2.dd U
ueri f y < / DO/ pa t c h e d D 3
>/D0/D3.dd U
merge /d0/D2.dd /D0/D3„dd
>Back5ide . dd
attr /D0/Bacl<Side - dd a pe
Additionally, before you use /d0 and
/dl while /d2 and /d3 are installed,
you must make sure to modify the /d0
and /dl device descriptors to tell
CCS Disk that they are now single-sided
drives. The easy way to do this is to use
the dmode utility command from Com-
puterware.
path
rmb
1
output path number
pointer
rmb
2
filename pointer
buffer
rmb
128
line buffer
rmb
/"* /™W /™W
stack
rmb
m
parameters
dsiz
equ
*
*
name
f cs
/at/
fcb
1
edition number
fee
/(c)
S.Goldberg/
* DECIMAL TIME TO BINARY TIME
*
f ixtime
ldd
, - -x get digits
stb
,u save units
dec
count done?
beq
back yes, return
ldb
#10
mul
multiply by 10
addb
,u add units
stb
,u save total
dec
count count digit
back
rts
return
* i<i<i<i€ ■jW<ftff "staV * >V>V ************ * *
*
* CHECK AND SET TIME PARAMETER
*
count zero digit counter
entry
clr
clr
Ida
testloop suba
bmi
cmpa
bhi
sta
inc
Ida
cmpa
bne
pshs
bsr
beq
cmpb
bhi
stb
bsr
bne
cmpb
bhi
puis
ldd
cmpb
beq
bio
stx
min zero minutes byte
,x get first digit
#'0 make binary
bad not valid, prompt & quit
#9 valid digit?
bad no, prompt & quit
, x-h yes, save it
count count it
,x next character
#$20 end of time param?
testloop no, check for digit
x save parameter pointer
f ixtime set minutes
hourchk hours only
#59 >59 minutes?
badtime yes , prompt & quit
l,u save in minutes byte
fixtime set hour
badtime more than 4 digits
#23 >23 hours?
badtime yes , prompt & quit
x retrieve parameter pointer
, X+ get next characters
#$20 space?
chkloop yes, look again
bad no filename, prompt & quit
pointer save filename pointer
* CREATE PROCEDURE FILE
hourchk
chkloop
June 1987 THE RAINBOW 169
*
ldd
#$020b mode and attr
os9
i$create create file
bcc
savepath save path number
cmpb
#218 file already exists?
beq
fork yes, fork to 'atrun 1
bra
out exit with other error
************* ^ftfr>V*Wf*****tftf*##**
•JL.
* ERROR
*
PROMPTS AND EXIT
bad
leax
<syntax,pcr syntax error message
screen
ldy
#100 maximum length
Ida
#2 standard error path
bsr
write message to screen
noerr
clrb
clear error
out
os9
f$exit quit
badtime
leax
<timerr,pcr time error message
*
bra
screen message to screen
timerr
fcb
7 bell
fee
/WHAT TIME/
atpmpt
fee
/? / keyboard input prompt
fcb
$0d
syntax
fcb
7 bell
fee
/Use: at <time> <path>/
fcb
$0d
write
os9
i$writln output line
bes
out exit with error
rts
return
******************************
* BUILD
FILE FROM KEYBOARD
savepath sta
path save output path number
getloop
leax
<atpmpt,pcr command prompt
ldy
#2 two characters
Ida
#1 standard output path
bsr
write to screen
leax
buffer,u line buffer
clra
standard input path
ldy
#128 maximum line length
os9
i$readln get line
bes
out exit with error
Ida
path output path
cmpy
#1 carriage return?
beq
close yes, close file
bsr
write line to file
bra
getloop get next line
close
os9
i$close close file
bes
out exit with error
***************)V*************V{*
JL.
* FORK
*
1 ATRUN 1
INTO BACKGROUND
fork
ldu
pointer filename pointer
ldd
hour get time set
std
,--u put with filename
ldy
#200 maximum parameter length
Another way would be to patch
it. sid, which is the location in the
device descriptor that tells the driver
how many sides are available on the
media, i t .sid can be found at an offset
of 19 Hex bytes from the start of the
device descriptor module. You will want
to change this byte from 02 to 01 if you
have been running with double-sided
drives.
Name Warning
While Bill Brady was working on his
Wiz terminal program, he tried to build
a device descriptor named WT2 — it
probably stood for Wiz Terminal 2.
Unfortunately, it wouldn't work after it
had been installed in his 0S9Boot file.
It did work when he merely loaded and
inized it. Fortunately, after he re-
named it M2W, it did work properly after
installation in the DS9Boot file. Inter-
esting quirk.
About Attr
Sam Johnson asked for some help
with the attr utility on the Delphi OS-
9 SIG recently. Here goes. To determine
the attributes of a file, you can type:
attr ✓d0/'CMD5/'dir
If things are set up normally on your
system, you should see the following
line on your screen:
--e-rewr
That line is trying to tell you that the
file you have just checked can be exe-
cuted by both its owner and the public.
It can also be read by the owner and the
public. However, it can only be written
to by the owner. If you look at an
extended directory listing of the CMDS
directory, you will see that its owner is
the superuser, user number zero. On a
single-user system, that will generally be
you. Therefore, you have permission to
do anything you want.
Now, let's assume you want to pre-
vent the file f rom being deleted . In other
words, you don't even want to be able
to write to the file yourself. Since you
own the file, you can set its attributes.
The following command will work fine.
attr /d0/CMD5/dir -u
After you run this command, you'll see:
- - e - re - r
This means that anyone can read this
file. Likewise, anyone can execute the
170 THE RAINBOW June 1987
code in it. However, no one can write
to it. Therefore, no one can delete it.
Not even you. To delete it, you would
need to go in and change the write
attribute to w like this:
attr /d0/CMD5/dir w
One more thing. There are certain
things that certain utilities can't do. For
example, the dir command can't list
the files in a normal text file — there
aren't any! Or, list can't list a direc-
tory like a normal text file. If you try
to do either of these things, list CMDS
or di r startup, you will get the infam-
ous "no permission" Error 214 message.
The secret comes with confidence.
Don't be afraid of the OS-9 error mes-
sages. Just sit back, take a deep breath
and try to figure out what happened.
Attack the problem in a logical manner
and the problem will be obvious to you.
One good way to develop your skills
with this is to make mistakes on purpose
just to see what happens. Remember
those test results and the next time you
see that error message, you'll be ahead
of the curve.
June Listings
This month we feature another at-
tempt to simulate a UNIX command in
the Color Computer OS-9 environ-
■
ment. fit lets you execute an existing
OS-9 procedure file or a file entered
from the keyboard at a future time.
The Color Computer version of Rt is
different from the UNIX version be-
cause RtRun receives its parameters
directly from fit rather than by scan-
ning a disk file. This keeps disk use to
a minimum. This version of RtRun
checks the time every four seconds
instead of every 20 minutes or so like the
UNIX version, fit author Stephen
Goldberg of Bethpage, New York,
didn't write a date parameter into his
code because he felt that most Color
Computer users do not leave their
computers running continuously.
You'll find fit useful when you have
a long, disk-intensive procedure to
perform, and you don't want to take up
your own work time waiting for it. For
example, when your files become frag-
mented into small bits and pieces spread
all over the disk after you have edited
them many times, you could have your
Color Computer run a procedure file.
Start by typing the following sequence
of commands into a named fix file:
chd /d0
format /dl r "New Disk"
dsave -b -s20 'd0 >'d0/copy f i 1 e
•k
atrun
len
ldd
leax
os9
bcs
bra
fee
emod
equ
end
#$0001 type, lang. and data size
<atrun,pcr name of program
f$fork fork to 'Atrun 1
out exit with error
noerr quit 'At 1
/atrun /
Listing 2: RtRun
* ATRUN - (c) 1986 by STEPHEN B. GOLDBERG
* Checks time every four seconds and executes the
* command(s) passed from ! At f at the correct time.
ifpl
use
endc
/d0/defs/os9defs
mod len , name , prgrm+ob j c t , r eent+2 , entry , ds iz
settime
rmb
2 set hour and min
realtime
rmb
3 yr,mo,day
chktime
rmb
3 hr, min, sec
pointer
rmb
2 parameter pointer
rmb
200 stack
rmb
200 param
dsiz
equ
■
name
f cs
/atrun/
feb
1 edition number
fee
/(c) S.Goldberg/
direct
fee
">/nil »/nil"
feb
$0d
shell
fee
/shell /
•k
* SET UP REDIRECTION TO /NIL
•k
entry
mvloop
ldd ,x++ get time parameter
std settime save set time
leay -13, x room for redirection
tf r y , s move stack out of way
sty pointer save command address
ldd ,x+ command character
sta ,y+ move it
cmpb #$0d done?
bne mvloop no , do again
leax <direct,pcr redirection
Ida ,x+ get character
sta ,y+ add to command
cmpa #$0d done?
bne dirloop no, do again
i<i<ici<i<i<i<i<i<i<i<i<i<i<i<i<i<i<i<i<i<i<icV(i<i<'k'k'k'k
dirloop
June 1987 THE RAINBOW 171
Those Great RAINBOW Programs
Without All the Fuss!
Subscribe to rainbow ON tape!
Every month, rainbow on tape brings as many as two dozen ready-to-run
programs right to you. Using the current issue of the rainbow as documen-
tation, all you have to do is load and run them. Just a one-year subscription
gives you more than 230 new programs! The typing time saved is time that
can be spent with the CoCo. (rainbow on tape does not include OS-9
programs or those less than 20 lines.)
Need a back issue of rainbow on tape?
Issues available beginning with April 1982
Subscribe to rainbow on tape Today!
LOOK FOR OUR ORDER CARD
BETWEEN PAGES 34 AND 35
The cost for a single copy of rainbow on
tape is $10 within the United States; U.S. $12
in all other countries. The annual subscription
rate for rainbow ontape is $80 within the U.S.;
U.S. $90 in Canada; and U.S. $105for all other
countries. U.S. currency only, please. In order
to hold down non-editorial costs, we do not
bill.
DISK USERS: RAINBOW ON DISK
IS NOW AVAILABLE!
All the programs from the rainbow — includ-
ing OS-9 — are now available on disk. For
more information, see Page 116 of this issue.
NOW AVAILABLE ON DELPHI!
For your convenience, RAINBOW ON TAPE can also be
ordered via the Delphi Information Network, in our Shopping
Service area of the rainbow's Color Computer SIG (Special
\nlerest Group).
The individual programs from our past June issues are also
available for immediate download in the RAINBOW on tape
Database area in the rainbow's Color-Computer SIG on
Delphi. There is a $3.50 per program surcharge.
rainbow ON tape is not a stand-alone product, but is
intended as an adjunct and complement to the magazine.
Even if you purchase RAINBOW ON TAPE, you will still need
the magazine for loading and operating instructions.
To order by phone, {credit card orders only) call
(800) 847-0309, 8 a.m. - 5 p.m. EST. All other
inquiries call (502) 228-4492
Programs From Our Past Sound/Music
Issues:
June 1986 — OnHold, an animation program with telephones
dancing to music; Music Paper, a program that prints blank
sheet music on the DMP-105 printer; Castle, a challenging
game that tests skill; Shadow of the Rings, a graphics video
to an original music recording; Music+, a music synthesis
program that allows editing and playing of four-part music;
Sound Processor, a utility to create PLAY strings easily; Name
That Song, a music game that simulates the popular game
show "Name That Tune"; Track40, a disk utility that adds an
extra 22K of memory to Disk BASIC 1.1; Soundbase, a utility
toadd sound effects to programs; Piano, turns the CoCo into
a composer/synthesizer; Pool Maintenance, helps in main-
taining proper pool conditions; and Transformation, copies
MS-DOS files to CoCo disk format. Plus five additional
programs.
June 1985 — Piano Note Tutor, a tutorial on the notes of the
piano keyboard; Minute Waltz, a music program that brings
classical composer, Frederick Chopin up to date; Name That
Song, a game to test music and memory skills; Multo of Mars,
a graphics game to learn multiplication; Chopper Assault, an
arcade game of action; Anaiog-T o-Digitai , a sound synthesis
program that puts your voice into memory; Simplifying the
SOUND Command, a tutorial on saving keystrokes and
memory; Animatic, a demonstration program to ease the
writing of animated graphics; CoCo Chronograph, a hard-
ware/software project that adds a real-time clock to the CoCo;
Hi-Q, a challenging puzzle peg game of skill; and Super Disk
Charger, a utility to put the "turbo" in your drives. Plus seven
additional programs.
June 1984 — Includes 20 programs from our Music issue.
June 1983 — Includes 20 programs from our Printers issue.
chd /dl
/d0/copyfile
del copyf ile /d0/copyf ile
Then on the day you decide it's time
to clean up your disk, type:
at 1205 /d0/f ixf ile
Just before you leave for lunch, stuff
a blank disk in /dl. While youVe gone,
your Color Computer will go to work
by itself, and you'll have a completely
unfragmented disk in /dl when you
return.
If the file you give fit doesn't exist,
it will be created and you will be
prompted for entries from the keyboard
exactly as with the bui Id utility. Type
in each line at the ? prompt. Make no
entry and press ENTER when done.
fltRun always redirects the standard
output and standard error path to the
bit bucket, i.e., the /nil device descrip-
tor. If you want a record of this output,
you can redirect these paths to disk files
in the command lines in your procedure
file.
Until next month. Enjoy Level II!
May all of your windows be clean and
error free. □
* TIME COMPARISON LOOP
timechk leax realtime, u time buffer
os9 f$time get current time
bcs out exit with error
ldd settime get set time
cmpd chktime same?
beq execute yes, execute command(s)
ldx #240 no, 240 ticks
os9 f$sleep sleep for 4 seconds
bcs out exit with error
bra timechk check time again
* EXECUTE THE COMMAND (S)
*
execute
leax
<shell,pcr Shell name
ldd
#$0001 type, lang. and data
ldy
#200 maximum param length
ldu
pointer parameter address
os9
f$fork fork to Shell
bcs
out exit with error
clrb
clear error
out
os9
f$exit quit
emod
len
equ
*
end
VISA
A new generation of CoCo 111 software
fT^yT^n a\^^T*t §T3G» i" V" J~B
CD GO E) Q
BMW
Znslom
A user friendly, user programable function key utility
that creates up to 20 function keys. Other features
include DOS mods, DISABLE, and is EPROMable.
Compatible with CoCo \/\\ and includes enhanced
CoCo III version! [See review in April '87)
^S=s. Disk Version 1.3 $19.95
Easily alter the contents of any palette without
having to remember numbers or colors! Once con-
figured, all sixteen palettes can be saved to disk as a
single subroutine which may then be used in a basic
program.
Disk £19.95
ttULTX-L^BEL III
UERSION 1.01
An easy to use, versatile label creating program in-
cluding many new CoCo III features. Even if you al-
ready own a label program, this one's a must for
the III!!
Disk £16.95
^MrwWm
This disk utility allows the use of three double sided
drives without any special hardware modifications.
CoCo i/ll/lll compatible, and it's EPROMable.
Disk £16.95
With purchase of FKEYS III £12.95
GIMMESOFT Add £2.50 for shipping
4 Hallfield Ct. MD residents add sales tax
Baltimore, MD 21 236 Phone 301 -256-7558
June 1987 THE RAINBOW 173
THESE FINE STORES
CARRY THE RAINBOW
The retail stores listed below carry the rainbow on a regular basis and may have
other products of interest to Tandy Color Computer users. We suggest you
patronize those in your area.
ALABAMA
Birmingham
Brewton
Florence
Greenville
Modlson
Montgomery
ALASKA
Fairbanks
ARIZONA
Phoenix
Sietra Vista
Tempe
Tucson
ARKANSAS
Fayetlevllle
Ft. Smith
Little Rock
CALIFORNIA
Citrus Heights
Gross Valley
Half Moon Bay
Hollywood
Sacramento
San Jose
Santa Rosa
Sunnyvale
COLORADO
Jefferson News Co.
McDowell Electronics
Anderson News Co
M & B Electronics
Madison Books
Trade 'N' Books
Electronic World
TRI-TEK Computers
Livingston's Books
Books Etc.
Computer Library
Anderson News Co.
Vaughn Electronlcs/Radlo Shack
Hot Off the Press Newsstand
Anderson News Co.
Software Plus
Advance Radio, Inc.
Strawflower Electronics
Levity Distributors
Polygon Co.
Tower Magazine
Computer Literacy Bookshops
Sawyer's News, Inc.
Computer Literacy
Westminster
Software Clly
DELAWARE
Mlddletown
Delmar Co.
Milford
Milford Newsstand
Wilmington
Normar, Inc.— The Smoke Shop
FLORIDA
Boca Raton
Software. Software, Inc.
Cocoa
The Open Door
Davie
Software Plus More
Delfona
Wilson Assoc, dba Radio Shack
Ft. Lauderdale
Electronics Engineers
Mike's Electronics Distributor
Jacksonville
The Book Nook
Book Town
White's of Downtown Bookstore
North Miami
Beach
Almar Bookstore
Orlando
Book Mania
Panama Cily
Boyd-Ebert Corp,
Pensacola
Anderson News Co.
Pinellas Park
Wolf's Newsstand
Sarasota
Family Computers
Starke
Record Junction. Inc.
Radio Shack Dealer
Tallohassee
Anderson News Co.
Tampa
Fine Print Bookstore
Tltusvllle
Computrac
GEORGIA
Athens
The Academic Resource Center, inc
Bremen
Bremen Electronlcs/Radlo Shack
Jesup
Radio Shack
Marietta
Act One Video
Toccoo
Martin Music Rodlo Shack
IDAHO
Lewlston
Books, Etc.
Moscow
Johnson News Agency
ILLINOIS
Aurora
Kroch's & Brentono's
Belleville
Software or Systems
Champolgn
Book Market
Chicago
B. Dalton Booksellers
N. Wabosh St.
West Jackson St.
Bob's In Newtown
Bob's News Emporium
Chllllcothe
Danville
Decatur
East Mollne
Evanston
Geneseo
Kewanee
Lisle
Newton
Oak Brook
Oak Park
Paris
Peoria
Schaumberg
Skokle
Springfield
Sunnyland
West Frankfort
Wheeling
INDIANA
Angola
Berne
Columbus
Garrett
Greenwood
Indlonapolls
Jasper
Madison
Martinsville
Wabash
IOWA
Davenport
Ottumwa
KANSAS
Topeko
Wichita
KENTUCKY
Georgetown
Hazard
Hopklnsvllle
Louisville
Paducah
Plkevllle
LOUISIANA
Crowley
Monroe
Bob's Rogers Park
Book Market
East Cedar
North Cicero
West Diversey
E.B. Garcia & Associates
Kroch's & Brentano's
South Wabosh
West Jackson
516 N, Michigan
835 N. Michigan
Parkway Drugs
Parkwest Books
Sandmeyer's Bookstore
Univ. of Chicago Bookstore
Univ. of Illinois Bookstore
Vldeomat, Inc.
Book Emporium
Book Market
Book Emporium
K-Marl Plaza
Northgote Mall
Book Emporium
Chicago-Main News
B & J Supply
Book Emporium
Book Nook
Bill's TV Radio Shack
Kroch's & Brentano's
Kroch's & Brentano's
Book Emporium
Book Emporium
Sheridan Village
Westlake Shopping Center
Book Market
Illinois News Service
Kroch's & Brentano's
Kroch's & Brentano's
Book Emporium
Sangamon Center North
Town & Country Shopping Ctr.
Book Emporium
Paper Place
North Shore Distributors
D & D Electronics
Radio Shack
White Cottage Electronics
Micro Computer Systems. Inc.
Finn News Agency. Inc,
The Computer Experience
Bookland, Inc.
Delmar News
Indiana News
Elex Mart
Arco Office Supplies
Radio Shack
Mlttlng's Electronics
Interstate Book Store
Southslde Drug
Palmer News, Inc.
Town Crier of Topeka, Inc.
Amateur Radio Equipment Co.
Lloyd's Radio
Goodwin Electronics
Donlel Boone Gulf Mart
Hobby Shop
The Computer Store
Radio Shack
Ray's Fumlture/Radlo Shack Dealer
Acadlana Newsstand
The Book Rack
MAINE
Bangor
Magazines, Inc,
Brockton
Voyager Bookstore
Caribou
Radio Shack
Sanford
Radio Shack
Watetboro
Radio Shack
MASSACHUSETTS
Brockton
Voyager Bookstore
Cambridge
Out Of Town News
Fltchburg
Corners Book Shop
Ipswich
Ipswich News
Littleton
Computer Plus
Lynn
North Shore News Co.
Swansea
Newsbreak, Inc,
MICHIGAN
Allen Park
Dearborn
Durand
Harrison
Howell
Lowell
Mt, Clemens
Muskegon
Owosso
Perry
Royal Oak
Sterling
Heights
Trenton
Wyoming
MINNESOTA
Duluth
Minneapolis
Wlllmar
MISSISSIPPI
Jackson
MISSOURI
Farmlngton
Jefferson City
Klrksvflle
Moberly
St. Louis
St. Robert
MONTANA
Butte
Whlteflsh
NEBRASKA
Omaha
NEVADA
Las Vegas
NEW HAMPSHIRE
West Lebanon
NEW JERSEY
Cedar Knotls
Clinton
Marmora
Pennsvllle
River Edge
Rockoway
NEW MEXICO
Alamogordo
Albuquerque
NEW YORK
Brockport
Brooklyn
Elmira Heights
Fredonla
Hudson Falls
Johnson City
Book Nook, Inc.
DSL Computer Products
Rabbins Electronics
Harrison Radio Shack
Howell Auto Parts
Curl's Sound & Home Arcade Center
Michigan Radio
The Eight Bit Corner
C/C Computer Systems
Peny Computers
Software Clly
Sterling Book Center
Trenton Book Store
Gen/s Book Co.
Carlson Books
Read-More News
The Photo Shop
North Side News
Ray's TV & Rodlo Shack
Cowley Distributing
T&R Electronics
Audio Hut
Book Emporium
Computer Xchange
Front Page News
Bailey's TV & Radio
Plaza Book Store
Consumer Electronics of Whlteflsh
Nelson News
Hurley Electronics
Verhom News Corp.
Village Computer & Software
Micro World II
Outpost Radio Shack
Dave's Elect, Radio Shack
Software Clly
Soflware Station
New Horizons Computer Systems
Desert Moon Distributors
Front Page Newsstand
Page One Newsstand
Lift Bridge Book Shop, Inc.
Cromland. Inc.
Southern Tier News Co., Inc.
On Line: Computer Access Center
G.A West & Co,
Unicorn Electronics
174 THE RAINBOW June 1987
New Yoik
N. White Plains
Pawling
Rochester
Woodhoven
NORTH CAROLINA
Barnes & Noble— Soles Annex
TENNESSEE
BRITISH COLUMBIA
Coliseum Books
Chattanooga
Anderson News Co.
Burnaby
Compulit
Eastern Newsstand
Guild Books & Periodicals
Burns Lake
VT. Video Works
Grand Central Station, Track 37
Dickson
Highland Electronics
CamDbell
200 Park Ave., (Pon Am # 1 )
Knoxvllle
1*1 1 V—/ A\ VIII
Anderson News Co.
River
TRS Eleclronlcs
55 Water Street
First Byfe Computer Co.
Chllllwack
Charles Parker
World Trade Center #2
Memphis
Computer Center
Cooitenay
Rick's Music & Stereo
First Stap News
Software, Inc.
Dawson Creek
Bell Radla & TV
Idle Hours Bookstore
Nashville
Mosko's Book Store
Golden
Taks Home Furnishings
International Smoke Shop
Smyrna
Delker Electronics
Kelowna
Telesoft Marketing
Jonll Smoke
Union Cfly
Cox Electronics Rodlo Shack
Lanalev
k— *— 41 ImIw J
Lang ley Radio Shack
Penn Book
TEXAS
Brenhom
N. Vancouver
Mlcrowest Distributors
Software City
OIUIG l\JtJW5
Moore's Electronics
i\eison
Parksvllle
WHv©f 5 DOOK5
Parksvllle TV
Usercom Systems. Inc.
Walden Books
Elgin
Orange
The Homing Pigeon
Norlhway Books & News
Pentfcton
D.J.'s
Four Corner Grocery
World Wide Media Services
VIRGINIA
Salmon Arm
Matrix Computing
Software City
Gafton
Electronics Marketing
Sidney
Sidney Electronics
Universal Computer Service
Norfolk
l-O Computers
Smlthers
Wall's Home Furniture
Village Green
Richmond
Software Clly
Squamish
Kotyk Electronics
World Wide News
WASHINGTON
Seattle
100 Mile
Spectrum Projects
Adams News Co., Inc.
House
Tip Top Radio & TV
Aberdeen
Caiy
Charlotte
Havlock
Hickory
Marion
Wilmington
OHIO
Blanchester
Canton
Chardon
Cincinnati
Columbiana
Coshocton
Dayfon
Falrborn
Kent
Kenton
Lakewood
Lima
Mlamlsburg
Mount Orab
Rocky River
Toledo
Xenla
OKLAHOMA
Oklahoma
City
Taklequah
Tulsa
OREGON
King Electronics
Radio Shack
News Center In Caiy Village
Newsstand Infl
Papers & Paperback
Computer Plus
C 2 Books & Comics
Boomers Rhyfhm Center
JB's Newsstand
JR Computer Control
Lltlie Professor Book Center
Thrasher Radio & TV
Clnsoft
Fidelity Sound & Electronics
Utopia Software
Huber Heights Book & Card
Wllke News
News-Readers
The News Shop
T.W. Hogan & Associates
Lakewood International News
Brunner News Agency
Edu-Caterers
Wllke News
Mount Orab Radio Shack
Programs Unlimited
Leo's Book & Wine Shop
Fine Print Books
Merit Micro Software
Thomas Sales, Inc. dba Radio Shock
Steve's Book Store
Portland
Fifth Ave. News
PENNSYLVANIA
Allison Park
Software City
Altoona
Newborn Enterprises
Brookvllle
Larry's Stereo Shop
Malvern
Personal Software
Philadelphia
City Software Center
Newsy
Phoenlxvllle
Stevens Radio Shack
Pittsburgh
All-Pro Souvenlers
Pleasant Hills
Pitt Computer & Software
Temple
Software Corner
Wind Gap
Micro World
York
The Computer Center of York
RHODE ISLAND
Warwick
Software Connection
SOUTH CAROLINA
Charleston Hts.
Software Haus, Inc.
Gaffney
Gaffney Book Store
Greenville
Palmetto News Co.
Spartanburg
Software Clly
Union
Fleming's Electronics
Tacoma
WEST VIRGINIA
Huntington
Logan
Madison
Parkersburg
WISCONSIN
Appleton
Cudahy
Ladysmlth
Milwaukee
Mlnocqua
WYOMING
Casper
ARGENTINA
Cordoba
AUSTRALIA
Klngsford
CANADA
ALBERTA
Banff
Blalrmore
Bonnyvllle
Brooks
Calgary
Claresholm
Drayfon Valley
Edmonton
Edson
Falrvlew
Fox Creek
Ft. Saskatche-
wan
Grande
Cache
Grande
Centre
Hlnton
Innlsfall
Leduc
Lethbrldge
Lloydmlnster
Okotoks
Peace River
St. Paul
Stettler
Stralhmore
Taber
Westlock
Wetasklwln
B & I Magazines & Books
Nybbles 'N Bytes
Nick's News
Stan's Electronics & Radio Shack
Communications, LTD
Valley News Service
Badger Periodicals
Cudahy News & Hobby
Electronics, Etc.
Book Tree
Booked Solid
Booked Solid II
Harvey Schwartz Bookshop
Univ. of Wisconsin Bookshop
Island Technologies
The Computer Store
Informatica Y Telecomunicaclones
Paris Radio Electronics
Banff Radio Shack
L & K Sports & Music
Paul Tercler
Double "D" AS.C. Radio Shack
Billy's News
Kelly Softwore Distributors
Radio Shack Associated Stores
Langard Electronics
CMD Micro
Radio' Shack
D.N.R. Furniture & TV
Fox City Color & Sound
AS.C. Radio Shack
Ft. Mall Radio Shack, ASC
The Stereo Hut
The Book Nook
Jim Cooper
L & S Stereo
Radio Shack Associated Stores
Datatron
Lloyd Radio Shack
Okotoks Radio Shack
Radio Shack Associated Stores
Tavener Software
Walter's Electronics
Stettler Radio Shack
Wheatland Electronics
Pynewood Sight & Sound
Westlock Stereo
Radio Shack
MANITOBA
Altona
Lundar
Morden
The Pas
Selkirk
Virden
Winnipeg
NEW BRUNSWICK
Moncton
Sussex
NEWFOUNDLAND
Botwood
Carbonear
NOVA SCOTIA
Halifax
ONTARIO
Angus
Aurora
Concord
Exceter
Hanover
Huntsvllle
Kenora
Kingston
Llstowel
South River
QUEBEC
LaSalle
Pont. Rouge
SASKATCHEWAN
Asslnlboia
Estevan
Moose Jaw
Nlplwan
Reglna
Saskatoon
Shellbrooke
Tlsdale
Unity
YUKON
Whltehorse
JAPAN
Tokyo
PUERTO RICO
San Juan
L.A WiebrLtd.
Goranson Elec.
Central Sound
Jodl's Sight & Sound
G.L. Enns Elec.
Archer Enterprises
J & J Electronics Ltd.
Jeffries Enterprises
Dewltt Elec.
Seaport Elec.
Slade Realties
Atlantic News
Micro Computer Services
Compu Vision
Ingram Software
J. Macleane & Sons
Modern AppllanceCentre
Huntsvllle Elec
Danny "B"
T.M. Computers
Modern Appliance Centre
Max TV
Dennis TV
Messagerles de Presse Benjamin Enr.
Boutique Bruno Laroche
Telstar News
Kotyk Electronics
D&S Computer Place
Cornerstone Sound
Reglna CoCoClub
Software Supermarket
Everybody's Software Library
Gee. Laberge Radio Shack
Paul's Service
Grant's House of Sound
H & O Holdings
America Ado, Inc.
Software City
Also available at all B. Dalton Booksellers, and selected Coles Bookstores,
Waldenbooks, Pickwick Books, Encore Books, Barnes & Noble, Little
Professors, Tower Book & Records, Kroch's & Brentano's, and Community
Newscenters.
June 1987 THE RAINBOW 1 75
A D VER TISER INDEX
We encourage you to patronize our advertisers — all of whom support the
Tandy Color Computer. We will appreciate your mentioning the rainbow when
you contact these firms.
Alpha Products 21
Ark Royal Games 28
Cer-Comp 101, 103
Cinsoft 157
Clearbrook Software
Group 72
CNR Engineering 167
Cognitec 63
Colorware 22, 23
Computer Center 35
Computer Island 1 25
Computer Plus 3
Computerware 85
Computize 25
D.P. Johnson 165
Dayton Associates of
W. R. Hall, Inc 128
Derringer
Software 118
Diecom IFC
Disto 51
Dorsett 65
Duck Productions 139
F.M. Technology 164
Fazer Electronics 95
Federal Hill Software 29
Floppy Source 133
Foto-Wear 55
Frank Hogg Laboratories ...159
Gimmesoft 1 73
Hard Drive Specialists 141
Hawkes Research
Services 54
Hemphill Electronics 15
HJL div. of Touchstone
Technology, Inc BC
Howard Medical 34, 178
J & M Systems 123, 132
J & R Electronics 45
Jason Guilbeau 75
Kelly Software
Distributors 143
Logicware 93
Metric Industries 91
Micro Works, The 111
Microcom Software 9, 11, 13
Microtech Consultants
Inc 61
MicroWorld 33
Moreton Bay 1 47
Novasoft 57
Other Guys Software, The 14
Owl-Ware 81, 82, 83
Perry Computers 16
Polygon 133
Preble's Programs, Dr IBC
Prickly-Pear Software 121
Probitat 160
Public Domain 151
PXE Computing 7
Radio Shack 105, 107
Rainbow Bookshelf 166
Rainbow Introductory
to Statistics 86
Rainbow on Disk 117
Rainbow o n Tape 172
Robotic Microsystems 134
Seca 93
Software House, The 39
Spectogram 1 36
Spectrosystems 54
Spectrum Projects
Inc 17, 67, 69
Speech Systems
40, 41, 42, 43,
Sugar Software 1 77
Sunrise Software 31
T & D Software 113, 157
Tepco 73
Tom Mix Software 56
True Data Products 98, 99
William Brigance 161
Woodstown Electronics 30
Zebra Systems 119
Call:
Shackleford, Nolan, Davis, Gregg and Associates
Cindy Shackleford, president
Marian Nolan Carpenter
Advertising Representative
P.O. Box 725
516-1 89th St Court East
Spanaway, WA 98387
(206) 847-9901
Call:
Kim Vincent
Advertising Representative
The Falsoft Building
9509 U.S. Highway 42
P.O. Box 385
Prospect, KY 40059
(502) 228-4492
Call:
Jack Garland
Garland Associates, Inc.
10 Industrial Park Road
Hingham, MA 02043
(617) 749-5852
176
THE RAINBOW June 1987
NEW TRIG ATTACK - (100% ml) In this educational game, enemy trigs with names
like sine, cosine and tangent, travel along math curves. Players learn important mathematical
concepts as they destroy the trigs with their rotating slope. Trig Attack is filled with sound eft'ects
and colorful graphics. The game features 11 challenging levels and 7 different trig enemies. First class
mathematical entertainment for ages 9 and up. Excellent manual includes an introduction to
Lriflonomctrv. T:»>e 1GK CB/Dfck 33K ECB C0C0 1 2. 3; ft 10,0 a.
CALLIGRAPHER
C0C0 Calligrapher - (ttybrid BAStC/ML)
Turn your C0C0 and dot-matrix printer
into a calligrapher's quill. Make beautiful
invitations, flyers, certificates, labels and
more. Includes 3 fonts: Gay Nineties, Old
English and Cartoon. The letters are '/a
inch high and variably spaced. Works with
many printers including Epson, Gemini,
Radio Shack, Okidata 92A, Banana and
Prowriter. Additional fonts are available
(see below). Tape/Disk; $24.95.
OSO Calligrapher - (C) Although a
different program from the C0C0 Calligra-
pher, the OS9 Calligrapher prints all the
same fonts. It reads a standard text lile
which contains text and formatting direc-
tives. You may specify the font to use,
change fonts at any time, centering left,
right or full justification, line fill, margin,
line width, page size, page break and in-
dentation. Similar to troff on UNIX (tin)
systems. Includes Gay Nineties, Old En-
glish and Cartoon fonts. Additional fonts
are available (see below). Disk only; OS9;
$24.95.
Calligrapher Fonts - Requires Calligra-
pher above. Each set on tape or disk;
specify RSDOS or OS9 version; $14.95
each. Set #1 - (9 fonts) Reduced, re-
versed and reduced-reversed versions of
Gay Nineties, Old English and Cartoon;
Set #2 - (8 fonts) Old Style and Broad-
way; Set #3 - (8 fonts) Antique and Busi-
ness; Set #4 - (8 fonts) Wild West and
Checkers; Set #5 - (10 fonts) Stars, He-
brew and Victorian; Set #0 - (8 fonts)
Block and Computer;
Economy Font Packages on disk; speci-
fy RSDOS or OS9; 29.95: Font Pack-
age #1 - Above font sets 1, 2 and 3 (25
fonts) on one disk. Font Package #2 -
Above font sets 4, 5 and 6 (26 fonts) on
one disk.
UTILITIES
Auto Run (H - (Hybrid basic/ml) Utility to
allow your own tape- based BASIC or ML
programs to display a graphics title screen
and then self-start after loading. Includes a
graphics editor to create professional look-
ing title screens. Tape only; 16K ECB;
$19.95.
Piratector - (100% ML) Utility to allow
your own disk-based BASIC or ML pro-
grams to display a graphics title screen
and then self-start after loading. Adds
copy protection to your programs but still
allows users to create non-executable back-
ups! Includes Semigraf. Disk only; C0C0
1, 2, 3 (except Semigraf); $39.95.
A complete catalog of* other sweet
Sugar Software products is available.
Semigraf Graphics Editor - (ico% ML)
Use 8 colors and standard text characters
to draw graphics pictures and screens in
high resolution semi graphics mode. In-
cludes sample pictures. Tape/Disk; 1GK
CB; $19.95.
Super Screen Machine - (100% ML) Put
your C0C0 into high resolution mode for
your own BASIC or ML programs. Smooth
scroll, key click, lower case with colored
characters, many other features.
Tape/Disk; 32K CB; C0C0 1, 2, 3 (except
64K mode); $19.95.
Disk
Manager
(100% ml) Disk
Color
utility with these features: Disk repair,
selective track initialization, verify sectors,
backups, tape to disk transfer, ROM Pak
execution from disk, much more!
Tape/Disk; C0C0 1, 2, 3 (except for 64K
mode); $24.95.
Color Tape Manager - (100% ml) Tape
utility with these features: display start,
end and exec address of ML programs,
convert ML programs into BASIC DATA
statements, append ML to BASIC, loa.d,
display /modify and save tape file, handles
missing EOF and filename blocks, much
more! Tape/Disk; 16K ECB; C0C0 1, 2, 3
(except for 6IK mode); $19.95.
INFORMATION MGT.
TIMS (The Information Management
System) - (i-lybrkt Tape or disk,
fast and simple general data base program.
Create files of records that can be quickly
sorted, searched, deleted and updated.
Powerful printer formatting. Up to 8 user
fields, sort on up to 3 fields. Tape/Disk;
$10.95 (sec combo pkg below).
TIMS Mail - (Hybrid basic/ML) Tape or
Disk based mailing list management pro-
gram. Files arc compatible with TIMS.
Fast and simple to use. Supports labels 1,
2 or 3 across, 2Vz to 4 inches wide.
Tape/Disk; $19.95 (see combo pkg below).
TIMS Utility - (Hybrid BASIC/M,) Utility
companion for TIMS and TIMS Mail to al-
low multi-term search (AND and OR log-
ic), global change and delete, split large
files and more! Tape/Disk; $1-1.95 (see
combo pkg below).
TIMS Combo Package - All three of the
above programs: TIMS, TIMS Mail and
TIMS Utility on one disk - $34.95.
SPORTS STATISTICS
Statistics programs for the coa.ch, team
manager or avid fan who wants to keep
accurate team and opponent records.
Printer output supported. The following
are available: Baseball, Basketball, Foot-
ba.ll and Soccer. Disk only; $10.05 each.
EDUCATIONAL
Silly Syntax - (Hybrid basic/ml) Ages 5 and
up. Story creation game; output to screen
or printer; includes 2 stories or create your
own. Tape/Disk; $19.95 or disk with 62
stories for $29.95. Sets of 10 stories on
tape/disk for $4.95: Fairy Tales, Current
Events, X-Rated, Sing-Along, Adventure,
Potpourri.
Bible Stories Adventure - (Hybrid
BASlC/lvL) Ages 4 & up. A graphics adven-
ture game for young children & their fami-
lies. Old testament. Tape/Disk; $19.95.
The Presidents of the USA - (100% ML)
Ages 10 and up. Two trivia games, user
modifiable, printer output supported.
Tape/Disk; 16K ECB; $19.95.
The Great USA - Ages 9 and up. Trivia
game of the 50 states. Capitals, nick-
names, abbreviations, flowers, trees and
birds. Tape/Disk; 16K ECB; $19.95.
Galactic Hangman - Ages 7 and up. Ex-
citing new twist to the popular word
game. Outstanding graphics; 700 word vo-
cabulary. Tape/Disk; 16K ECB; $10.05.
Pre Reader - (Hybrid BASIC/ML) Ages 3-5
(level I); Ages 5-7 (level 2); Great graphics
and music. Level 1: match colors, shapes,
letters and numbers; Level 2: match letters
and consonant blends with their sounds.
Tape/Disk; Joystick; $19.95.
Statgraf - High school and college level;
Linear regression analysis program com-
bined with a plotting and line graphing
system. Up to 250 x/y pairs; data
transformation; residuals; regression line;
print graph with screen print program
(not supplied); Tape/Disk; $19.95.
SPECIAL INTEREST
Rental Property Income and Expense
Management Package - Maintain your
rental property income and expense
records. Print output supported. 28 ex-
pense categories. This program may be tax
deductible. Disk only; $29.95.
Radio Systems Design Calculations -
Performs 14 different calculations common-
ly used in design or evaluation of land
mobile radio systems, satellite TV, etc.
Tape/Disk; $19.95.
C0C0 Knitter - Easy to use program to
display or print instructions to knit a
sweater: Cardigan or Pullover; Round or
V-neck; Raglan or Set-in Sleeve; 3 weights
or yarn; 8 sizes from baby to man.
Tape/Disk; $10.05.
Plying Tigers - (100% ML] Fast Defenders
style arcade game. 5 levels of difficulty;
Great graphics and sound ettects.
Tape/Disk; Joystick; $19.95.
i 1
RAINBOW
CERTiFICATKM
iiM
VtS/T
*TRS-80 is a trademark of Tandy Corp.
SUGAR SOFTWARE
P.O. Box 7446
Hollywood, Florida 33081
(305) 981-1241
All programs run on the CoC'o 1, S and 3, S2K
Extended Basic, ii7iles6 otherwise noted. Add
Si. 50 per tape or disk for postage and handling.
Florida residents add h% sales tax. COD orders
add $4. Dealer inquiries invited.
Save $200 on Magnavox Monitors
Magnavox 8CM643 RGB Analog only $385!!
MONITORS
$125
122A Zenith 1 2" Amber Screen offers
the same 640 dots x 200 lines reso-
lution at 15MHz and a 90-day war-
ranty valid at 1200 locations.
$88
(«7 shipping)
MAGNAVOX
8 CM 515 has
analog RGBf or CoCo 3, TTL RGB
for Tandy 1000 or IBM PC's, and
composite color for CoCo 2 and 3.
Built-in speaker. 14" screen with
640 dot x 240 line resolution. Plus
2 years parts and labor warranty.
reg. list S499
SAVE
$200
1230A12"
This 12" green screen high resolution
monitor offers 80 column capability,
Zenith quality and a 30-day warranty
valid at any of Zenith's 1200 locations.
Retail $199
Our price
($7 shipping) BRAND NEW
All monitors require an amplifier cir-
cuit to drive the monitor and are
mounted inside the color computer.
They attach with spring connectors
with two wires extending out of the
computer, one for audio and one for
video. CoCo 3 does not require an
amplifier circuit.
VA-1 for monochrome monitors only,
fits all color computers
$24.45
($2 shipping)
VC-4 for monochrome or color, fits all
coior computers
($2 shipping)
$39«
+ Si 4 Shipping
CC-3 Magnavox RGB cable
only $19.95 with
Magnavox Monitor order.
$29.95 w/o monitor.
MAGNAVOX
8CM643 has anaioq
RGB and TTL RGB and compo-
site color input. Built in speaker.
13" screen with 690 dots x 240
resolution in RGB mode. Pius 2
years parts & iabor warranty.
reg. list $585
SAVE
$200
$385
+ $14 Shipping
DRIVE 0 +. Howards Drive 0 gives you a
DD-3 MP I drive, a CA-1 cable and a J&M DC-4 Disk Controller
for onlv
$17845
($5 shipping)
Add $34 for a Disto DC-3.
DOUBLE SIDED
DOUBLE DENSITY
360K
GUARANTEE
Howard Medical's 30-day guarantee is meant to eliminate the uncertainty-
of dealing with a company through the mall. Once you receive our hard-
ware, try it out; test it for compatibility. If you're not happy with it for any
reason, return it in 30 days and we'll give you your money back (less
shipping.)
Shipping charges are for 48 states.
APO, Canada and Puerto Rico orders slightly higher.
DISK CONTROLLER
includes controller and C-DOS 4.0
ROM Chip.
DC-3
$2 shipping on all DISTO products
ADD-ON BOARDS
DC-38 Includes 80 column capacity,
parallel printer, real time clock, and ali
software $138
DC-256 256K RAM Board includes
software to access all RAM $QQ
DC-3P Mini Eprom programmer In-
cludes all software to program 2764
or 27128 chips
DC512 512K RAM Board with
software $125
DC-3C Clock Calendar and parallel
printer port $40
2764 8K Eprom 28 pin
$8 50 each
27128 16K Eprom 28 pin
$8 50 each
C-DOS 3 28 pin Eprom makes Disto
controller compatible with CoCo 3
$20
SOFTWARE SPECIALS
Payrol/BAS™
(*2 shipping)
• Nonprotected basic modifiable
• Tax tables built in for automatic
state and federal calculation
• Custom code for every state
• 4 pay periods
• 7 deductions
• Prints checks
• 100 employees
• 30 ledger numbers for checks
other than payroll
• Check register includes monthly
or weekly federal deposit amount
• Enter, update, delete employees,
company and check information
• Print payroll and nonpayroll
checks
Payrol/BAS
30 Day
$79.95
VIP LIBRARY
Softlaw's integrated package In-
cludes VIP writer terminal, data
base, call and disk zap which can
fix a diskette that Is giving I/O
errors
$125
(«2 shipping)
MEMORY
Memory for CoCo 3 PC memory
board plugs into thespareslots In-
side the computer and can be
populated with 256K ram chips.
Completely solderless with com-
plete easy to install instructions.
$49.50
PC Memory board with 512K *99
Software spooler and RAM disk
for lightning quick response or no
disk swapping drive backup for 1
drive system and printer spooler to
free computer during long listings.
$19.45
($2 shipping on Memory
products)
64-2 for CoCo 2. Kit requires one
solder point, no trace cuts.
(>2 shipping) $24.45
64-E1 for E Boards with complete
instructions. Remove old chips
and replace with preassembled
package— no soldering or trace
cuts.
(>2 shipping) 28.45
64-F1 for F Boards. No soldering
needed. Capacitor leads must be
cut.
(92 shipping) $ 2 4.45
64-22 TWo chip set for 26-3134A
and B, 26-3136 A and B. Koren Col-
or Computers require 1 solder
point.
(«2 shipping) 28.45
Howard Medical Computers 1690 N. Elston Chicago, IL 60622
ORDERS INQUIRIES AND ORDER STATUS
=(800) 443-1444 = (312) 278-1440
Showroom Hours:
8:00- 5:00 Mon. - hi
10:00 - 1:0<I 5*t.
WE ACCEPT: VISA • MASTERCARD • AMERICAN EXPRESS
CO.D. OR CHECKS • SCHOOL PO.'S
Dr. Preble's Programs
Striking A Blow For
. . Freedom is nothing else but a chance to be better . « ,
— Albert Camus
*** Mental Freedom ***
for CoCo 1, 2 and 3!
A Thought-Controlled Video Challenge
We call it The Preble Thoughtware.
DOES GREEN BLOOD flow in your veins like Mr. Spock? Is your mind well
ordered 7 Or is your mind a mass of conflicting emotions like most
humans?
THOUGHTWARE may answer these questions and more.
IMAGINE! Some day, a computer so advanced that it responds to your very
thoughts and emotions. Imagine, some day, thought-controlled
graphics: levitation and materialization!
PLUG IN YOUR MIND and UNHOOK YOUR JOYSTICKS —
now! The Radio Shack Color Computer has many ad-
vanced capabilities, just waiting to be tapped. Dr. Preble's
Programs combines the advanced technology of the CoCo
with the amazing Radio Shack BIOFEEDBACK MONITOR
to bring you "Preble Thoughtware."
THOUGHT-CONTROLLED VIDEO CHALLENGE? Unlike any
video game you have ever played, Thoughtware tests your
ability to handle stress, to remain calm under adverse
circumstances.
LIGHTNING FAST reflexes will do you no good here, unless you
first tame the fickle dragon of your mind.
DO YOU HAVE SELF-CONTROL? Many people can keep a
"Poker Face',j even when they are worried so that others
may not notice; but can you really stop the worry itself? Thoughtware
will find out!
AND IT TALKS! Did you know that the CoCo can produce incredibly realistic
digital speech without a special speech synthesizer? And I mean really
high quality speech! Forget the mechanical robot voice. This voice
quality is so good, it sounds human! Honest. Best of all, no extra
hardware is needed for speech. None. The CoCo produces this amazing
digital speech all by itself (with a wee bit of programming by Dr. Preble).
THOUGHTWARE — Next time your friends ask what your computer can do,
show them the Preble Thoughtware?
Requires Radio Shack's Biofeedback Monitor Catalogue #63-675
The Preble Thoughtware — TAPE $27.95 + s/h, on DISK $29.95 + s/h
*** Basic Freedom ***
for The Color Computer 3
(with versions for CoCo 1 & 2)
A Full Screen Editor for BASIC Programming
We call it EDITOR 3. Chris Babcock wrote a pure, efficient Machine Language
program to open a new dimension of ease and power for anyone typing in
a BASIC program.
Here are your BASIC Freedoms!
FULL CURSOR MOVEMENT — Use the arrow keys to move anywhere on a
screen. If you are using a Color Computer 3, then even the 40 or 80
column screen is supported!
INSERT, CHANGE or DELETE CHARACTERS anywhere on the
screen. Simply move to what you wish to change, change
it and continue working!
LOWERCASE COMMANDS are OKI EDITOR 3 lets you type in
lowercase any time or all the time. Lowercase command
words are automatically translated to uppercasefor BASIC.
Of course, lowercase text within quotes stays lowercase.
This is great when typing wiht the CoCo 3's 40 or 80 column
mode with true lowercase!
MERGE LINES within a program with just a few keystrokes!
AUTO KEY REPEAT — Hold down any key and it will repeat.
INVISIBLE — Once EDITOR 3 has been loaded in, it is activated
^With a single keystroke! It hides itself out of the way of other programs
and can be turned off any any time. Pressing RESET will not hurt
EDITOR 3!
EASY TO USE — Installation takes seconds! Well-written goof-proof manual
included.
COCO 1 & 2 — Yes, even though this program was conceived for the powers
of the new CoCo 3, we still support the previous Color Computers. They
too, need their BASIC Freedom!
EDITOR 3 — So easy and handy, you'll never want to run your CoCo without
it!
Available on DISK only for CoCo 3 @ $29.95 + s/h
CoCo 1/2 version can not support 40 or 80 column screens. CoCo 1/2 version
is available on TAPE for $27.95 + s/h or DISK for $29.95 + s/h.
Also Available for CoCo 1 & 2 only:
VDOS, the UnDISK: Save multiple programs in memory! Works with or without a disk
drive. TAPE $27.95 + s/h, DISK $29.95 + s/h
VDUMP, for the UnDISK: Save multiple programs in a single file! $14.95 + s/h on tape.
VPRINT, for the UnDISK: Printout UnDISK Directory! $9.95 + s/h on tape.
Order From
Dr. Preble's Programs
6540 Outer Loop
Louisville, KY 40228
(502) 966-8281
Check, Money Order, MasterCard, VISA or COD accepted. For Shipping to USA and
Canada add $1 .50, to other countries add $5.00.
Technical questions answered
Monday, Wednesday, Friday
The Ultimate
Color Computer
Enhancements
for Productivity
from HJL Products
To achieve maximum productivity with
your Color Computer, you have to make
it as easy as possible to get Information
into and out of the system.
This is why we developed the HJL
family of high-performance
enhancements for ALL MODELS of the
Color Computer. £ S/au/
The Keyboard - $79.
The overwhelming favorite of seriou
Color Computer users worldwide, the
HJL-57 keyboard has the smooth,
consistent feel and reliability you need
for maximum speed with minimum
input errors. Includes 4 Function Keys
and sample function key program.
Installs in just a few minutes with no
soldering. ^ /fa
The Numeric Keypad - W§M$j£tt££
The Number Jack is a self-contained/*^*
cable-connected keypad for heavy-duty
number-crunchers. Besides the number
keys, it has all the cursors, symbols
and math keys, including autoshlfted
(one-touch) ADD and MULTIPLY.
Comes complete with 3-foot cable and
all necessary connectors for quick and
easy installation without soldering.
The Monitor Adapter - $25.95
This universal driver works with all
monochrome monitors, and is easily
installed without clips, jumpers or
soldering (except in some later CoCo 2s
with soldered-in video chips). Here's
crisp, clear, flicker-free monitor output
with all the reliability you've come to
expect from HJL Products.
The Monitor - $89.95
The GoldStar high-resolution amber
monitor brings you the monochrome
display that's preferred by most
computer professionals today. Once
you've used it you'll never connect your
computer to a TV set again. The 12-
inch diagonal CRT has an etched non-
glare faceplate. (Requires adapter sold
above) fleto
The BASIC Utility -
Quick Basic Plus, a high-performance
programming utility, can be used with
any color computer that has four func-
tion keys. 26 pre-defined BASIC
statements, 10 user-defined macros at
a time (you can save as many sets of
macros as you like), automatic line-
numbering, word wrap, global search,
and instant screen dump to printer,
make this software the BASIC pro-
grammer's dream come true. Comes
with re-legendable 3-way reference
chart. Specify disk or cassette.
The HJL Warranty
Every HJL product comes with a full,
one-year warranty and the exclusive
HJL 15-day unconditional guarantee
(except software).
Pick a Pair & Save 15%
Now, for a limited time, we'll give you
15% off the price of any two or more
products shown here. Just mention
this ad when you order.
Call Now, Toll Free
1 -800-828-6968
In New York 1-800-462-4891
International calls: 716-235-8358
Ordering Information: Specify model {Original, F-verslon, or CoCo 2 Model Number). Payment by C.O.D., check,
MasterCard, or Visa. Credit card customers include complete card number and expiration date. Add $2,00 for
shipping, 3.50 to Canada; except monitors (call for shipping charges before ordering monitors). New York state
residents add 7% sales tax. Dealer Inquiries Invited
PRODUCTS
Div. of Touchstone Technology Inc.
955 Buffalo Road • P.O. Box 24954
Rochester, New York 14624
