Canada $4.95 U.S. $3.95
THE COLOR COMPUTER MONTHLY MAGAZINE
ications
" y ^M <s][ra #q]Dw ©(Ml Mr©
t®&m ft© €©§
C®in)[nK§©ft © @©©@p(oi
if® y©m i§S sdftdop
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And Doctor ASCII
Joins the Rainbow
Bouncing Boglders is a new, fast paced arcade-
style game for your Coco. As you race your man
around the screen you try to collect enough stars
to open the exit to the next level. You can drop
rocks to kill aliens that follow you around the
screen trying to catch you. But beware of the fall-
ing and bouncing boulders as they will crush your
man if you get trapped under one. The many dif-
ferent screens with lots of puzzles will keep you
playing for hours on end.
You've asked for it and now It's here, a wrestling
game for your color computer. Play a single match
or play a tag team match in this 1 to 4 player game.
Wrestle against the computer or wrestle against
your friend in a single or tag team match. Use pun-
ches, kicks, body slams, back breakers and many
other moves as you attempt to pin your opponent.
Super graphics and realistic play action make this
a great game for all.
mm
■A
1 H P
>ttr £h
• : r : i ; ' , r --- ~* ■ r-rf'.-'-ii'
Travel through towns and ex-
plore strange lands In the
ultimate fantasy role-playing
game for the color computer.
As you travel the land you will
meet different characters that
you may convince to join you In
your quest. During your quest
you wlli learn the secrets of
magic spells and ultimately,
your final goal.
Inter The Gates of Delirium
contest! The first person to
solve the game shall be our
grand prize winner of a Coco 3.
There will be 5 second prizes of
One free game from Diecom
Products and 5 third prizes of
one free hat from Diecom Pro-
ducts.
64K
REQUIRED $38.95 U.S.
$52.95 can.
available on disk only
9
ALSO AVAILABLE
— Paper Route, Knock Out,
Karate, each game requiring
64K. Tape or disk.
$28.95 u.s.
$38.95 can.
6715 FIFTH LINE, MILTON, ONT., CANADA L9T 2X8
We accept:
VISA
cheque or money order
24 hr. order line:
(416) 878-0358
personal service 9-5
Please add $2 for shipping
& handling. Ontario
residents add 7% sales ta>
C.O.D. Canada only.
Dealer inquiries invited
Looking for new software.
I
romC
after
BIG SAVINGS ON A FULL COMPLEMENT OF RADIO SHACK COMPUTER PRODUCTS
Major Istar 24.95 27.95
Sam Sleuth Private Eye 24.95 27.95
Mark Data Graphic Adven.24.95 27.95
COCO Util II by Mark Data 39.95
COCO Max by Colorware 69.95
COCO Max II by Colorware 79.95
AutoTerm by PXE Computi ng39.95 49.95
COMPUTERS
Tandy 1000 EX 1 Drive 256K
Tandy 1000 SX 2 Drive 384K
Tandy 3000 HL 1 Drive 512K
Model IVD 64K with Deskmate
569.00
839.00
1229.00
889.00
PRINTERS
Radio Shack DMP-105 80 CPS 110.00*
Radio Shack DMP-130 100 CPS 219.00*
Radio Shack DMP-430 180 CPS 559.00
Radio Shack DWP-230 Daisy Wheel359.00
Star LV-1210 120 CPS 199.00
Star NX-10 120 CPS 279.00
Star SG-15 120 CPS 410.00
Panasonic P-1091 120 CPS 259.00
Panasonic P-1092 180 CPS 339.00
Okidata 292 200 CPS 529.00
Okidata 192+ 200 CPS 375.00
Epson LX-80 100 CPS 275.00
Epson FX-85 160 CPS 419.00
MODEMS
Radio Shack DCM-7 Modem 85.00
Radio Shack DC Modem
Program Pac 99.00
Radio Shack DC Modem 212 179.00
Hayes 300 Baud Modem 169.00
CALL TOLL FREE
1-800-343-8124
• LOWEST POSSIBLE PRICES
• BEST POSSIBLE WARRANTY
• KNOWLEDGEABLE SALES STAFF
• TIMELY DELIVERY
• SHOPPING CONVENIENCE
COLOR COMPUTER MISC.
Radio Shack Drive Controller 99.00
Extended Basic Rom Kit 39.95
64K Ram Upgrade Kit 39.00
Radio Shack Deluxe Keyboard Kit24.95
Kit
79.95
27.95
44.00
89.00
69.95
52.00
26.95
HJL Keyboard Upgrade
COCO Max Y Cable
Color Computer Mouse
Multi Pack Interface
Botek Serial to Parallel Conv.
Radio Shack CCR-81 Recorder
Radio Shack Deluxe Joystick
Amdek Video 300 Green Monitor139.00
Amdek Video 300 Amber Monitor149.00
Goldstar Green Monitor 85.00
Panasonic Amber Monitor w/audio99.00
Radio Shack VM-4 Green Monitor 99.00
Mark Data Universal Video Driver 29.95
COLOR COMPUTER SOFTWARE
TAPE DISK
Approach Control Simul. 29.95 34.95
Worlds Of Flight 29.95 32.95
Mustang P-51 Flight Simul. 29.95 34.95
Spectral Typing Tutor 19.95 22.95
Dungeon Quest 24.95 27.95
TelePatch II by Spectrum 29.95
TeleWriter 64 49.95 59.95
Deft Pascal Workbench 99.95
Deft Extra 39.95
Pro Color File Enhanced 2.0 59.95
Max Fonts (72 COCO Max Fonts) 64.95
69.95 69.95
69.95 69.95
Elite Calc
Elite Word
Elite File (disk only) 74.50
DynaCalc (disk only) 99.95
Word Pack RS by PBJ 99.00
VIP Writer (disk only) 69.95
VIP Integrated Library (disk) 149.95
Order any 2 software pieces listed and
take 10% off their listed price. All Radio
Shack software 10% off list. Send for
complete list. 'Sale prices through
11/30/86
P.O. Box 1094
480 King Street
Littleton, MA 01460
SINCE 1973
IN MASSACHUSETTS CALL (617) 486-3193
TRS-S0 is a registered trademark of Tandy Corp.
*
Under
The
28
FEATURES
42
114
Cover illustration copyright © 1986
by Fred Crawford
Treasure QuesX/Eric Tucker
GAME Feel this Adventure with spring-centered joysticks
j*m Thanksgiving Pizza Party/ Bill Bernico
V^fl CMTCDTAIklMCKIT If *U» Pi'/^i'**. c Ur,A ™»t
ENTERTAINMENT If the Pilgrims had met Italians instead
Third One's the Charm/Mark Siegel
TUTORIAL New commands and features of the CoCo 3
RTTY for the CoCo/Marty Goodman
TELECOMMUNICATIONS Send and receive RTTY information
Hamming It Up/Len Popyack
PACKET RADIO Put worldwide communications in your "packet"
Raiders/Darre/ Behrmann
GAME Skill and concentration are needed for this one
^jj The Old-Time Fix/ Horace D. Vaughn
MODIFICATION Use the Old-Time Banner Printer with disk
The Evolving Remote/Mar/c Crosby
^* TELECOMMUNICATIONS Use Remote2 with an RS-232 Pak
^*gCoBBS Message Editor/ Richard Duncan
TELECOMMUNICATIONS A useful update for the CoBBS system
Two-CoCo BBS System/ Ted Kyte
TELECOMMUNICATIONS A switching system for your BBS
Coming to Terms/Rick Adams and Dale Lear.
COCO 3 CAPABILITIES Faster telecommunications on the new CoCo
■M The Artistic BBS/Eric Bailey
^™ GRAPHICS Use Lo-Res graphics for sharp logon messages
McCheckers/Er/7c Gavriluk and Greg Miller
GAME Checkers with a modem offers a new twist
The Envelope P\ease/ Contest Judges
CROSSWORD CONTEST Dick McGrath's tricky puzzle wins first place
^5J| Keycad/Keyflow/ James Ventling
KEYBOARD UTILITY CoCocad and CoCoflow modifications
Speedy GETzales/H. Allen Curtis.
GRAPHICS Vastly increase GET and PUT speeds
The Super Switcher/flofcerf C. Merryman
HAR DWARE PROJECT Easy access for your peripherals
Living on Rainbow Time/Greg L Zumwalt
COCO 3 CAPABILITIES Amazing graphics displays
18
28
30
36
42
52
55
70
80
86
93
108
114
125
126
158
168
170
I -Jfm The cassette tape/disk symbols
[jZ3 ^ beside features and columns indi-
cate that the program listings with those
articles are on this month's rainbow on
TAPE and RAINBOW ON DISK. Those with
only the disk symbol are not available on
RAINBOW ON TAPE. For details, check the
RAINBOW ON TAPE and RAINBOW ON DISK
ads on pages 172 and 159.
NEXT MONTH: Ho, ho, ho! It's that merry time of year and there's no better way
to get into the festive spirit than with our December Holiday Issue. We've packed our
bag full of surprises and programs you're sure to enjoy during those long winter
evenings. And don't forget to take a look at our special Holiday Shopping Guide; perfect
for selecting just the right gift for that certain CoCo nut.
Light up your December with THE RAINBOW, the number one information source for
the Color Computers 1, 2 and 3!
COLUMNS
J BASIC Training/ Joseph Kolar
One character / space at a time
Building November's Rainbow/J/m Reed
Managing Editor's comments
CoCo Consultations/ZWarfy Goodman
Just what the Dr. ordered
Delphi Bureau/Cray Augsburg
Using Mail in the SIG and Goodman 's database report
Doctor ASCII/ Richard E. Esposito
Introducing a new Rainbow column
?J Education Notes/Steve Blyn
Word fun: "The Three Bears" comes of age
Education Overview/M/chae/ Plog, Ph.D
The most important educators of all
PRINT#-2,/Lawrence C. Falk
Editor's notes
Turn of the Screw/ Tony DiStefano
More on the new VDG
?| Wishing Well/Fred S. Scerbo
Prepare for Thanksgiving with Liquid Measure
RAINBOWTECH
Barden's Buiier/William Barden, Jr.
A Co Co assembly language quiz
Bits and Bytes of BAS\C/Richard White
BASIC09 on the CoCo 3
Downloads/Dan Downard
Answers to your technical questions
KISSable OS-9/Da/e L Puckett
Blue sky for OS-9 Level II
Tutorial/ Ca/Wn Dodge
Readable Equivalents to C
DEPARTMENTS
Advertiser Index
Back Issue Information
CoCo Cat
CoCo Gallery
Corrections _
Letters to Rainbow
The Pipeline
208
119
169
_26
_78
6
Rainbow Info
Received & Certified
Reviewing Reviews _
Submitting Material
to Rainbow
46
16
182
102
154
74
166
12
88
62
192
188
186
199
191
104
Subscription Information
These Fine Stores
_15
132
131
25
38
206
One-Liner Contest
Information
151
PRODUCT REVIEWS
Product Review Contents
129
The
November 1986
Vol. VI No. 4
Editor and Publisher
Lawrence C. Falk
Managing Editor James E. Reed
Senior Editor T Kevin Nickols
Submissions Editor Jutta Kapfhammer
Copy Editor Jo Anna Wittman Arnott
Reviews Editor Judi Hutchinson
Editorial Assistants Judy Brashear,
Wendy Falk, Jody Gilbert,
Angela Kapfhammer
Technical Editor Dan Downard
Technical Assistants Cray Augsburg,
Chris Wehner
Contributing Editors William Barden, Jr.,
Steve Blyn, Tony DiStefano,
Richard Esposito, Martin Goodman, M.D.,
Joseph Koiar, Michael Plog, Dale Puckett,
Fred Scerbo, Richard White
Consulting Editors Ed Ellers,
Danny Humphress, Belinda C. Kirby
Art Director Heidi Maxedon
Production Coordinator Cynthia L. Jett
Designers Tracey Jones, Sandra Underwood,
Denise Webb
Chief of Typography Debbie Hartley
Typography Services Jody Doyle,
Suzanne Benish Kurowsky
President
Falsoft, Inc.
Lawrence C. Falk
General Manager Patricia H. Hirsch
Asst. General Mgr. for Finance Donna Shuck
Admin. Asst. to the Publisher Sue E. Rodgers
Editorial Director James E. Reed
Asst. Editorial Director Jutta Kapfhammer
Creative Director Heidi Maxedon
Chief Bookkeeper Diane Moore
Advertising Accounts Beverly Taylor
Dealer Accounts Judy Quashnock
Fulfillment Services Director Bonnie Frowenfeld
Fulfillment Services Asst. Dir. Sandy Apple
Asst. Customer Service Mgr. Beverly Bearden
Word Processor Manager Patricia Eaton
Development Coordinator Ira Barsky
Chief of Printing Services Melba Smith
Pre-press Production John Pike
Dispatch Janice Eastburn
Asst. Dispatch Mark Herndon
Business Assistants Laurie Falk, Sharon Smith,
Monica Wheat, Pam Workhoven
Advertising Coordinator Doris Taylor
Advertising Representative Kim Vincent
Advertising Assistant Debbie Baxter
(502) 228-4492
West Coast Advertising and Marketing Office
Director Cindy J. Shackleford
Advertising Representative Shirley Duranseau
For RAINBOW Advertising and
Marketing Office Information, see Page 208
the rainbow is published every month of the year by FALSOFT, Inc., The Falsoft Building, 9509 U.S. Highway 42, P.O. Box 385, Prospect, KY 40059, phone (502)
228-4492. THE RAINBOW, RAINBOWfest and THE rainbow and RAINBOWfest logotypes are registered ® trademarks of FALSOFT, Inc. • Second class postage paid Prospect,
KY and additional offices. USPS N. 705-050 (ISSN No. 0746-4797). POSTMASTER: Send address changes to THE RAINBOW, P.O. Box 385, Prospect, KY 40059. Forwarding
Postage Guaranteed. Authorized as second class postage paid from Hamilton, Ontario by Canada Post, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. • Entire contents copyright ® by
FALSOFT, Inc., 1986. the rainbow is intended for the private use and pleasure of its subscribers and purchasers and reproduction by any means is prohibited. Use
of information herein is for the single end use of purchasers and any other use is expressly prohibited. All programs herein are distributed In an "as is" basis, without
warranty of any kind whatsoever. • Tandy, Color basic, Extended Color basic and Program Pak are registered ® trademarks of the Tandy Corp. • Subscriptions to
the rainbow are $31 per year in the United States. Canadian rates are U.S. $38. Surface mail to other countries is U.S. $68, air mail U.S. $103. All subscriptions begin
with next available issue. • Limited back issues are available. Please see notice for issues that are in print and their costs. Payment accepted by VISA, MasterCard,
American Express, cash, check or money order in U.S. currency only. Full refund after mailing of one issue. A refund of 10/12ths the subscription amount after two
issues are mailed. No refund after mailing of three or more magazines. ___
LETTERS TO THE
Friends for a Long
Time to Come
Editor:
I received the September 1986 issue of the
rainbow and was excited to see the an-
nouncement of the new CoCo 3. I imme-
diately ran down to the local Radio Shack
Computer Center to see this new machine
and they didn't even have them in yet! I am
amazed at how quickly you got this infor-
mation into your magazine. That shows true
dedication to your readers.
I am also amazed at the new CoCo and
the features offered at such a low price. I was
getting frustrated with having a great com-
puter with only 64K of memory, and envious
of my friends who have computers with
larger memories, but now I will be the envy
of them. It looks like CoCo and the great
people of RAINBOW magazine will be my
friends for a long time to come.
John Merrill
Provo, UT
BACK TALK
Editor:
I am writing in reference to Richard
White's article "Getting In Touch With
Penpal" [August 1986, Page 194]. Richard
mentioned his dilemma when using JDOS
40-command track formatted disks with
Penpal. His first reference is that the FREE
command only returned 73 granules versus
78. This is because Penpal is not compatible
with JDOS 40-track FAT table formats.
Penpal follows the standard FAT table
format established in Disk Extended basic
with extensions for 40-track.
This format is based on the file allocation
table containing 78 contiguous bytes of
information concerning the availability of
storage granules. This table starts with the
first byte of the sector in which the file
allocation table is stored. JDOS starts its
first allocation byte on the sixth byte,
followed by 77 additional bytes.
The first five bytes in the JDOS file
allocation table are identification bytes. This
code tells the JDOS operating system that
a format other than 35-track, single-sided
disk is installed. Since the file allocation
table under Disk basic is byte-to-granule
position dependent, this causes total incom-
patibility with JDOS 40-track disks outside
of the JDOS operating environment. When
Penpal checks the FREE status of the disk,
it sees the first five bytes (of JDOS code) as
6 THE RAINBOW November 1986
used granules and the next 73 granules as the
only FREE space available.
What Penpal, or any other Disk B ASIC-
based program, sees as data stored in
granule 20 for example is seen by JDOS as
data stored in granule 15. So a copy of a file
saved under JDOS causes data from the
wrong granule or granules to be moved to
the new disk. You end up with garbage or
missing data.
I recommend using only Disk basic
compatible operating systems when using 40
tracks. A DOS like ADOS follows the FAT
table format and just extends its range. The
use of JDOS creates a need to stay with
programs that are only JDOS compatible,
or to operate with two operating systems
and separate your disks by DOS type. It's
too bad JDOS didn't put its ID Codes at the
end of the file allocation table.
In reference to Richard's lost 14 granules
under Disk basic, it is that you have 19 used
granules plus JDOS code of 5 granules for
a new used granule total of 24 verses 19
actually. This total would be from the 68
only reported by Disk basic.
In closing, may I say I really enjoy your
magazine and its informative articles.
James Bodily
Clearfield, UT
Editor:
I appreciate the time and effort that Mr.
Bodily has gone to, to explain why Penpal
cannot use 40-track disks formatted under
JDOS. This problem should not be consid-
ered a problem with Penpal. Rather, it is a
compatibility problem between Disk BASIC
and JDOS.
Mr. Bodily's closing comment about his
appreciation of rainbow and its informa-
tive articles could not have been made but
for material submitted by informed readers
like Mr. Bodily who spend time to share
their knowledge with others.
Richard White
Fairfield, OH
Metronomic Proportions
Editor:
I'd like to contribute this routine to
Michael Bridges of Nashville, Tenn. [August
1986, Page 8], and anyone else who is
interested in using the CoCo as a metro-
nome. If you don't find certain speeds
accurate enough, change the value of the
variable T in program Line 1 or merely
enter a speed value greater than or less than
the one you want. It will be more accurate
if you type everything exactly as it is printed,
including line numbers and spaces.
After you have typed it in, RUN. When the
prompt appears, type a number for the speed
you want in beats per minute and press
enter. Your CoCo will immediately begin
to act like a metronome. Make sure the
volume is turned up on your TV or monitor.
When you're finished, press break.
0 CLS : CLEAR 200
1 T = 420
2 PLAY "05;L255;V31"
3 PRINT @ 225,;: INPUT "<anter>
METRDNOME SPEED. ";S
4 B = INT(60/S * T)
5 PLAY "G":F0R X = 1 TO BrNEXT
X:G0T0 5
Don Lockwood
Washington, PA
Pin-to-Pin Fix
Editor:
Alfred Johnson [July 1986, Page 8] wrote
about the Cannon Typestar 7 that doubles
as a typewriter. I own a Brother EP-44 dot-
matrix printer that also doubles as a type-
writer. It's portable, runs on AC or DC and
has a 4K memory to use as a simple word
processor.
The EP-44 has a built-in RS-232C inter-
face. All you need to make the EP-44 work
with CoCo is a 4-pin to 25-pin serial cable
(Cat. No. 26-3014) from Radio Shack.
The following hookup works: CoCo Pin
2 to RS-232C Pin 20. CoCo Pin 3 to RS-
232C Pin 1. CoCo Pin 4 to RS-232C Pin 3.
The EP-44 accepts ASCII code and is
compatible with other computers, including
Tandy models. Just set the Baud rate and
word length, and you're ready to print. If
anyone needs more information or has any
questions, drop me a line.
Edward Lasota
720 E. 1st Avenue
Roselle, NJ 07203
Quick 'n' Dirty
Editor:
In response to E.C. Blend, Jr. [September
1986, Page 6] and others who have asked
how to get DeskMate to print at 2400 Baud,
here is a quick and dirty solution: Patch the
*
YOU COULD FALL IN LOVE WITH
y AUTOTERM! ,
'IT TURNS YOUR COLOR COMPUTER INTO THE^
WORLD'S
SMARTEST
TERMINAL
GOOD
LOOKIN'
AUTOTERM shows true upper/
lower case in screen widths of 32,
40, 42, 51, or 64 characters with
no split words. The width of 32
has extra large letters. Scrolling is
forward, backward, and fast. Block
graphics pictures are displayed
automatically and can be scrolled.
The screen's top line shows
operating mode, unused memory
size, memory on/off, and caps-
lock on/off. It also gives helpful
prompts.
SWEET
TALKIN'
KEY-BEEP can be on/off. Unac-
ceptable keystrokes cause a lower
pitched BOP! This ERROR-
BEEBOP can be on/off.
Talks to other computers with
Full or Half Duplex; Baud Rate of
110, 150, 300, 600, 1200; Parity as
even, odd, mark, space, none; 7
or 8 bit Word; any Stop Bits; all
128 ASCII characters; true line
Break; XON/XOFF protocol; and
optional line-at-a-time transmis-
sion. Able to send and receive
text, block graphics, BASIC and
ML programs. A 64K machine
holds up to 45,000 characters
(33,300 in HI-RES).
DUAL PROCESSING lets you
review & edit while more data is
coming in.
XMODEM for disk file transfer.
Fully supports D.C. Hayes and
other intelligent modems.
Talks to your printer with any
page size, margins, line spacing,
split word avoidance. Embed your
printer's control sequences for
boldface, underlining, Qtc. Narrow
text can be automatically spread
out.
You'll also use Autoterm
for simple word processing
and record keeping
You can display directories,
delete files, transmit directly from
disk, and work with files larger
than memory. Easily maintain a
disk copy of an entire session.
Compatible with TELEWRITER
(ASCII) & other word processors.
SMOOTH
WALKIN'
AUTOTERM moves smoothly
and quickly between word proces-
sing and intelligent terminal
action. Create text, correct your
typing errors; then connect to the
other computer, upload your text,
download information, file it, and
sign-off; then edit the received
data, print it in an attractive
format, and/or save it on file.
Editing is super simple with the
cursor. Find strings instantly, too!
Any operating parameter, such as
screen width, can be altered at
any time. Uncompleted com-
mands can be cancelled.
PUTTY IN
YOUR HANDS
The word processor can be
used to create, print, and/or save
on file your personal KSMs. They
let AUTOTERM act like you. For
example, it can dial through your
modem, sign-on, interact, perform
file operations, & sign-off; an
entire session without your help.
KSMs can answer the phone,
prompt the caller, take messages,
save them, hang-up, and wait for
the next call. The KSM potential
is unbelievable!
NO OTHER COMPUTER IN
THE WORLD CAN MATCH
YOUR COCO'S AUTOMATIC
TERMINAL CAPABILITIES!!!
WHAT THE
REVIEWERS SAY
"AUTOTERM is the Best of Class."
Graham, RAINBOW, 6/83
'The AUTOTERM buffer system is
the most sophisticated — and one of
the easiest to use. . ."
Banta, HOT CoCo, 9/84
"Almost a full featured word
processor. .
EHers, RAINBOW, 11/84
"AUTOTERM's excellent error-
handling routines, thorough docu-
mentation, and logical, easy-to-use
command structure make it stand
out."
Parker, HOT CoCo, 5/85
AVAILABLE IN CANADA
from
Kelly Software Distributors
Edmonton, Alberta
CASSETTE $39.95
DISKETTE $49.95
Add $3 shipping and handling
MC/VISA/C.O.D.
PXE Computing
11 Vicksburg Lane
Richardson, Texas 75080
214/699-7273
Please hire the mentally retarded. They are sincere, hard working and
appreciative. Thanks! Phyllis
device driver (printer) so that it ignores the
Baud parameter in the descriptor and sends
at 2400 Baud. This works for any applica-
tion that uses the printer module.
Boot up with a disk that has DeskMate.
If the disk does not have Cobbler and Debug
in the execution directory, switch to one that
does and execute chx /do/cmds, then load
Cobbler and Debug, Switch 'back to the
DeskMate disk and execute chx /do/cmds
again. Patch the Printer module and execute
Cobbler as shown below.
OSS: Debug
Interactive Debugger
DB: L PRINTER
0000 87
D8: . .+61
0061 R6
DB: =86
0062 R8
DB: =04
0063 35
DB: =12
0064 xx
DB: L PRINTER
0000 87
DB: - - +194
0194 fiE
DB: =9B
0195 B2
DB: =25
0196 Cfi.
DB: =35
0197 xx
DB: Q
059: COBBLER 'DO
The memory locations shown are offsets.
The actual locations will be the offsets added
to the base address where Printer is loaded.
Duane M. Perkins
Mount Gretna, PA
More Views on Pirating
Editor:
Mr. Vergona's letter [August 1986, Page 6]
helps to emphasize that there are real people
out there whose rights are being trampled on
and their profits stolen by others who steal
their software.
For those who think it is "no big deal" to
copy software you haven't paid for, just
what do you think is the difference between
what you do and what a shoplifter does? Of
course, the only difference between you and
the shoplifter is that he will eventually be
caught and punished, but you know you
never will because it is impossible for anyone
to enforce the copyright laws. You operate
outside the sphere of law enforcement, so
society gives you the romantic label of pirate
instead of thief . . .
Robert Pels
Burlington, VT
Editor:
... I sympathize with his plight. Having
spent over a year writing and rewriting a
basic checkbook management program, I
would hate to see the results of my labors
passed around illegally if I were offering the
program for sale.
I do not condone "trading" programs with
other users — in the end this will only hurt
8 THE RAINBOW November 1986
the recreational or home computer market,
especially the CoCo community! . . .
Jim Peasley
Redwood City, CA
Editor:
Responsible members of the CoCo com-
munity would not have stolen Bill Vergona's
work so there is no sense in appealing to
those who did. I would suggest those who
have a copy of Bill's work and did not spend
any money to acquire such material, owe Bill
Vergona for his efforts. Bill said the loss of
revenue from this piracy has made advertis-
ing his product impossible. I don't currently
need what Bill has worked so hard on for
my own use, but there will come a time when
I may very well want such a product or some
new product Bill has brought to the market-
place. I want the option of choosing. . . .
David Nolton
Charlotte, NC
Editor:
. . .1 agree totally with his point of view;
however, I don't see how sales could have
been cut "by over 50 percent." Any serious
user needing such a powerful utility as
CBASIC would purchase it. In my opinion,
the pirated copies. are being used by people
who ordinarily wouldn't purchase it
(another program to fool around with).
Allen Huffman
Pineland, TX
HINTS AND TIPS
Editor:
I've noticed several inquiries concerning
sources of Ham radio programs. While
thumbing through QST, the journal for the
American Radio Relay League, I ran across
this information: Amateur radio software is
now available from SPEC-COM, the Ama-
teur Radio Specialized Communication
Journal. These programs are for the CoCo
and are available on tape or disk. A catalog
of these programs can be obtained by
sending an SASE to SPEC-COM, P.O. Box
H, Lowden, IA 52255.
Curt Myers, KJ4AA
Benton, KY
Going Bananas
Editor:
I have been using DeskMate and am very
pleased with it. However, the program has
a bug to be considered by users of these
printers: Radio Shack LP-7, the Gorilla
Banana and the Epson MX-80. For these
printers, the Text processor part of Desk-
Mate, at the first top line of the second and
all later printed pages, prints that line at the
left border, not at the normal margin. So
that one line is positioned to the left, out of
line with all other lines. Radio Shack knows
about this and tells me they have no patch
for the problem. Test the program with your
printer before buying it.
The DeskMate terminal program is a
beauty, far better than any other terminal
programs I've tried. I use the DeskMate
Terminal program in preference over all
others.
I would like to hear from anyone who is
able to tell me how to increase the Te?
buffer and the Terminal buffer.
Charles E. Brown, J,
Route 1, Box 59
White Stone, VA 22578-976
Starlord Hint
Editor:
Here is a hint for Starlord [August 198(
Page 58] to make it easier to find the lin
number of a data statement that has an erro
in it. This hint will only work if you receiv
an FC error in Line 30. You should hav
your lines numbered exactly the way the;
are printed in the magazine. After yoi
receive the FC error in Line 30, type: PR IN"
INT( ( ( (I-10240)/8)*10)+60)
The number you receive is the line numbei
that contains the error. Simply list tha
number to display the line that contains the
error. No line should contain a numbei
greater than 255 since 255 is the largesl
number that can be poked into a single
memory location. For those of you whose
copy of the program simply locks up aftei
a certain point, recheck your typing. Even
if one number is incorrectly entered, the
program could crash.
Raju Dash
Downers Grove, IL
REQUEST HOTLINE
Editor:
I would like to find any programs for
printing address labels. I have a 16K CoCo
2 ECB with a cassette. Any programs and
information would be greatly appreciated.
Karen Krumanocker
609 College Garden Drive
Kutztown, PA 19530
CoCo Cribbage
Editor:
In a recent issue of a competitive maga-
zine I saw a program for a cribbage game
for the Commodore and Atari. Does some-
one have a CoCo version that I might be able
to type in and enjoy?
Bill Franken
1358 Sepulveda
San Bernardino, CA 92404
Electronics Programs
Editor:
I have been looking for a program for my
electronics hobby. So far I haven't seen or
heard of one for the Radio Shack 64K Color
Computer. Do you know who sells them?
Also, I was told that Radio Shack's 100 Disk
Drives can be used with my machine, is this
true?
7. DeBruin
236 Pinecove Road
Burlington, Ontario
Canada L7N 1 Wl
Choo Choo CoCo 2
Editor:
I would like to know how to run a train
;et from the CoCo 2. Any help would be
greatly appreciated.
Torin Segstro
216 Springdale Circle East
Airdrie, Alberta
Canada TOM 0B0
Attention Numismatists
Editor:
Anyone who has a coin saving program
for the CoCo, please write to me.
Blake Cadmus
1106 Whitfield Blvd.
Reading, PA 19609
A Wave of the Wand
Editor:
I am interested in purchasing a text reader
for my CoCo. I have hundreds of programs
1 don't have time to type in. If anyone knows
of such a device and the appropriate soft-
ware to use it for entering programs, please
let me know.
Percy Veals
Rt. 1, Box 169
Gloster, MS 39638
DELPHI LINE
Editor:
How about a rainbow on disk? I know
a lot of people would like it. Don't get rid
of the tape, just have the disk as well.
Paul Fielding
(PA ULFIELD1NG)
Your prayers have been answered.
Look on Page 159 of this issue.
School Daze
Editor:
The CoCo community is growing up!
How will the CoCo do in the college scene?
What if the "campus computer" is a Macin-
tosh or an IBM? What if there is no "campus
computer"? I am sure CoCo owners who will
be taking the computer to college with them
would be interested in knowing what they're
up against. I asked a friend of mine who runs
his own business, and unfortunately he had
to say that if the campus computer is an IBM
or whatever, you either have that computer,
you buy it or you flunk out because of
incompatibility. If you do your homework
on a CoCo, you can't always transfer it to
an Apple. People might want to consider
what the current computer of a college is
when deciding where to go.
I was thumbing through my latest issue of
THE rainbow and noticed your advertise-
ment for PCM magazine. Could there, be
any way for readers to use a bar code pen
to wave in programs out of rainbow? You
could add a special part to the rainbow
with the codes on it. This would be a fast
way to enter programs and might even be
cheaper than having to download them from
Delphi. I'm sure this would raise the price,
but it would be worth it.
Ted Matthews
(SIERRA)
Frazer, PA
INFORMATION PLEASE
Editor:
I am a licensed Ham radio amateur,
W2SAD, looking for a program for the
CoCo that will function as a Bulletin Board
on packet radio. These programs are called
Packet Bulletin Board System (PBBS) and
are used with a Packet controller (TNC 2)
developed by Tucson Amateur Packet
Radio in Tucson, Ariz., on allocated ama-
teur radio frequencies. There are PBBSs that
have been written for the IBM and Xerox
computers, but I can't find any for the
CoCo. Anyone with information on how to
obtain a PBBS program for the CoCo please
write me. Harry Warren
19 New York Avenue
Lavallette, NJ 08735
Multi-Pak Fix
Editor:
I understand there is a fix required on the
old Multi-Pak before it will work on the
CoCo 3. Will I be able to use my 512K chips
to upgrade my 128K CoCo 3?
Leonard H. Reed, Sr.
190 Cleaveland Road #1
Pleasant Hill CA 94523
The "fix" for the Multi-Pak is, at
this time, only expected to be
available through Radio Shack
service centers. It involves a chip
replacement. The new CoCo 3 uses
a satellite board (special circuit
board) for 512K upgrades. The
board comes with 16 256 K by 1-bit
dynamic RAM chips.
CoCo Max Questions
Editor:
I own a CoCo 2 ECB and am going to buy
a printer for CoCo Max. I have seen an
Olivetti PR-2300 ink-jet printer in the DAK
catalog. If I have a serial to parallel convert-
er, can I use this printer with CoCoMax IP.
Cliff Geier
Rt. 1, Box 245
Fairview, WV 26570
To our knowledge, this printer is
not supported by. Co Co Max II.
We suggest you contact Color-
ware.
Hayes Compatibles
Editor:
I am looking for information on DAK or
other Hayes-compatible 1200 Baud mo-
dems. Chad Stuckey
254 S. Ringold
Boone, IA 50036
Pokin' Along .
Editor:
I have bought the last few editions of
rainbow and found some very helpful
PDKEs and EXECs. I would like to know if
anyone knows of other helpful PDKEs and
EXECs. Any reply would greatly be appreci-
ated. Warren Hudym
Box 174
Wapella, Saskatchewan
Canada SOG 4Z0
Microcom Software sells 500
Pokes, Peeks and Execs. See their
ad on Page 17.
CoCo Cat Art
Rochelle Sherman
Levittown, NY
BOUQUETS AND BRICKBATS
Editor:
I would like to tell your readers about the
excellent service of two of your advertisers.
The first is The Software House of Redford,
Michigan. I saw their advertisement on Page
162 of the August 1986 issue. I decided to
order eight of their color ribbons for the SG-
10 printer. I mailed my order with a check
and within one week I received the eight
ribbons plus two extra ribbons. Mr. Dallas
Cox wrote on my invoice that they had
recently added purple ribbons to their color
assortment and he was including two of
these ribbons at no extra charge. I would like
to thank Mr. Cox for his friendly, fast
service, and would like to encourage others
to deal with The Software House. By the
way, the ribbons are great!
Second, I would like to congratulate
Dayton Associates. The first time I called to
order their SG-10 printer package, I was
greeted by an answering machine. I left my
name and number, and the next day Dayton
Associates returned my call. I ordered the
printer C.O.D. and in four days it was on
my doorstep. I was pleased with the pack-
aging, and the manual was easy to under-
stand. Not only would I like to thank
Dayton Associates for their prompt, cour-
teous service, but thank Star Micronics for
making such a fine printer as the SG-10. I
can only imagine the quality of their new
NX-10. Brian Biggs
Grove City, OH
Fast Service Praised
Editor:
I would like to make a few comments
about some of your advertisers. I have
purchased about $1,000 worth of equipment
from Computer Plus in the last five years
and have been more than satisfied. They give
fast service and good prices. But can you top
this? I ordered Graphicom by phone from
Moreton Bay Software about noon one day
. November 1986 THE RAINBOW 9
and found it laying at my front door early
the next morning. There was also a note
from the telephone sales girl saying she
hoped I would enjoy the program and she
gave me a few extra pointers on its use.
Floyd Keirnan
Orange, CA
Rainbow BBS?
Editor:
I get unbelievably great support from
your advertisers. With both hard- and
software problems they have all came
through with quick, courteous fixes or
replacements. This type of response some-
times gives me a better feeling about a
supplier than if all had been perfect. It says
a lot about the quality of rainbow.
I would like to see rainbow start its own
BBS, so people like me who don't have
access to Delphi or CompuServe could get
access to you via modem. I have literally
called from Maine to California (Florida,
too) trying to get a copy of MTERM. Sol
wouldn't mind the long distance calls once
in a while to your BBS.
Art McDariiel
Ferndale, CA
User Hostile
Editor:
I agree heartily with the comments pub-
lished in your magazine regarding the user
hostility of VIP Writer. In fact, I find the
entire VIP Library to be user hostile.
What is even worse, though, is the attitude
of the publishers of the VIP Library. I have
written to Softlaw three times over the past
year or so asking for help in using the math
package contained in VIP Database. Thus
far, I've not been shown the courtesy of a
reply of any kind whatsoever by Softlaw.
That, to me, is the ultimate in "user hostil-
ity."
E. W. Rees
Yaupon Beach, NC
Don't Forget Us
Editor:
With all the excitement over the new
CoCo 3 please don't forget there are still
those of us struggling along with the old gray
machine who would like to learn more of the
secrets of its use.
H. W. Regester, Jr.
Corsicana, TX
See Jim Reed's "Building July's
RAINBOW'' July 1986, Page 16.
No Silly Advice
Editor:
I am writing because I am afraid that a
very helpful tip that was passed on may have
not been taken seriously by some of your
readers.
I have a 64 K CoCo with cassette and I
have been plagued for some time with I/O
errors, especially with machine language
programs. Some programs, including my
screen dump, have proved impossible to
1 0 THE RAINBOW November 1986
load. When I read the suggestion offered by
Rick Bullon [June 1986, Page 163], I
chuckled. Turn your recorder upside down!
Stupid! Unscientific! No good solution is
free.
Well Rick, after tucking my tongue in my
cheek, bearing in mind that this silly lark was
costing me nothing, I tried it. Rick, I now
have just three words for you — it works,
thanks!
Paul Fullerton
Gardiner, ME
Too Technical!
Editor:
Thanks to your magazine, the Color
Computer is one of the best consumer
products on the market. The articles elab-
orating on the existing programming struc-
ture provide extreme flexibility.
Why are all of the OS -9 articles reading
like a lab report? Did someone forget that
OS-9 comes with all the technical specifica-
tions and minus the information required to
get the individual pieces of your system
operating (so you can experiment)? The
Guide to OS-9 could be a good manual. The
missing operators manual is quite normal
when you let engineers do the paperwork.
All of the high-tech goodies-bag without the
proper organization has promoted the
impression that OS-9 is just a digitized
Edsel. Just getting the printed word to the
buyers of these products should go a long
way to eliminating the unending articles on
computer-market apathy.
Michael L. Millard
Douglas City, CA
A Color Black and White TV
Editor:
The "Loose Strings" cartoon by Tron
[September 1986, Page 166] isn't nearly as
funny as you think! There is a program
available for the TS1000 (Russell Electron-
ics) which does produce color graphics on
a black and white TV by a pulse-modulatior
technique. Put one of your programmers tc
work on that for the CoCo!
B.R. Pogue
Lake Havasu City, A2
A 'Prize Winning' Idea
Editor:
I was thinking about an annual rainbow
magazine cover contest, where subscribers
could make a cover picture using Graphi-
com, CoCo Max or any program to make
a cover for your magazine. Their prize is
having it printed on the cover of the rain-
bow! So what do you think?
Jeff Kilsdonk
. Milwaukee, WI
Nice idea, Jeff In the meantime,
try your artistic talents on "Enve-
lope of the Month" or "CoCo
Gallery. "
PEN PAL
Editor:
I'm Brazilian and a rainbow reader. I
have a 64K ECB CoCo and I'd like to
correspond with other CoCo owners around
the world.
Eduardo Akira Watanabe
R. Major Fraga, 4-155
Bauru - SP - Brazil 17100
the rainbow welcomes letters to the
editors. Mail should be addressed to: Letters
to Rainbow, The Falsoft Building, P.O. Box
385, Prospect, KY 40059. Letters should
include the writer's full name and address.
Letters may be edited for purposes of clarity
or space.
Letters to the editors may also be sent to
us through the MAIL section of our Delphi
CoCo SIG. From the CoCo SIG> prompt,
pick MAIL, then type SEND and address to:
EDITORS. Be sure to include your complete
name and address.
ARTS AND LETTERS
sr 1/
rfoo
- ' ' -' -_ ThEFAu6oFT6uh-OI1s1Ct
.P.O. -Box 3S5
Envelope of the Month
Dan Wang
Oshkosh, WI
s Battle the
st of Disk Drives
New Lower Price
Un-DISK Drives $4&95?
$34.95
You Bet! There are empty spaces in your 32K
and 64K CoCo. The Preble VDOS Un-DISK
helps you fill them up with PROGRAMS!
Un-DISK uses your computer's extra
memory like a fast disk drive.
Un-DISK can store BASIC and MACHINE
LANGUAGE programs.
Un-DISK is INVISIBLE. Yup! Un-DISK
does not interfere with normal Color Com-
puter Operation.
Un-DISK appears only when you type the
magic word VDOS.
Un-DISK comes with comprehensive in-
structions which you may not need be-
cause:
Un-DISK is self-prompting and easy to
use!
Un-DISK is provided on cassette.
Un-DISK is faster than a slow clumsy
DISK DRIVE and best of all . . .
Un-DISK is CHEAPER than a DISK DRIVE!
Un-DISK will work even if you already own
a disk but WHY BUY A DISK AT ALL?
Un-DISK should be in the library of every
serious CoCo user even if you own a disk
says Frank J. Esser, independent reviewer
for rainbow Magazine!
OK sure, disk drives ARE NICE. I own one.
But if your finances are limited, the Un-DISK
can give you much of the power of the
mechanical drive. Even if you already own a
disk the Un-DISK can work like a super fast
extra disk.
EXTRA. . .EXTRA. . . EXTRA. . .EXTRA. , .
Additional Power For $14.95
Only with VDUMP for the Un-DISK!
• VDUMP lets you make a cassette backup
copy of everything stored in the Un-DISK,
• VDUMP lets you save 5, 10, 15 or more
programs on a single cassette tape file.
• VDUMP lets you switch Un-DISKs. With a
single load operation replace a group of
financial programs with a set of children's
programs. (The new VDUMP tape over-
writes the old.)
• VDUMP can allow you to save a whole lot
of rainbow on tape in a SINGLE file.
• VDUMP is the perfect companion to the
Preble VDOS Un-DISK.
Available from Doctor Preble's Programs,
naturally! Bringing you fine Color Computer
Products Since 1983!
The Preble VDOS Un-DISK $34.95
The Preble VDUMP $14.95
Shipping & handling
U.S. and Canada $1 .50
or $5.00 to other foreign points
VISA and MasterCard accepted
Order From:
Dr. Preble's Programs
6540 Outer Loop
Louisville, KY 40228
(502) 966-8261
Canadians may order from Kelly Software
s Got "IT
I must confess that I am in some bit of trouble here. Despite the
fact that I am a stickler for deadlines being met, it seems I am
about to miss mine for this column. If there is a blank space
rather than these words, youH know I didn't make it (and probably
got keel-hauled in the process).
There is a good reason, though. The person to blame is a Maine
resident by the name of Stephen King.
King (Salem's Lot, Carrie, Cujo, etc.) has had the audacity to
release his latest novel, It, right at deadline time. I have been haunting
(pun intended) the bookstores for its appearance. Now that It has
arrived, I've had my nose deep in its 1,100-plus pages for nights and
nights.
/* is one of those books that is best to read by the strong light
of a sunny day; but nighttime is about the only time I have had to
read it (night is also when I usually write this column). King has not
only written a good story in //, but he has crafted the story so that
it is just pure pleasure simply reading it. I'm savoring the book but,
like all good scary books, it also gives me some unsettling moments.
Since I have not yet finished It, I think the "It" of the title is that
dark, undefinable something that hangs out in basements, attics,
pipes, under porches and in dark hallways. Everyone has confronted
It at some time or another. It is the one thing you fear most. It might
be a vampire, wolf man and/ or mummy, but usually It is without
definition — other than It. Unfortunately, with an active mind, and
reading the book at night, It has been hovering close to the house.
So, last night, the dog had to go out about 2 a.m. After a dozen
or so plaintive whines, I put // down and took him. He charged down
the stairs onto a wooden floor in the dark and his claws made this
absolutely terrifying scratching noise in the darkness. Just for a
moment there, I wondered whether It was down there, too. Let's be
charitable and say I hastened to turn on the light.
HP J
landy
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64K Disk or Tape BATTLE HYMN — The Battle of Gettysburg
Player controls Lee's army of 11 divisions (39 individual) brigades including 3 cavalry
(Stuart) and 3 artillery (Alexander) and must capture 5 victory objectives to win
decisively. It's all here, from Culp's Hill to Little Round Top, from Pickett's charge to
Hood's heroic victory at Devil's Den.
Play starts on the second day of the battle with Johnson, Early and Rodes facing an
unreinforced Union line running from Culp's Hill down to Cemetery Hill and east.
Player has early sire advantage but must act quickly as Union reinforcements are seen
arriving; and must form the line and charge up hill over a great distance. Where is
Stuart?
• Brigades must be turned to march or fire. Union troops must reload after firing.
Player may limber or unlimber cannon; must watch his fatigue factors and prevent
troops from routing. The object is to force the flank and pin the enemy in a cross fire.
Easier said then done. Very historic, with an Ark Royal touch.
Hi res graphics; machine language. Game save. Play takes 3-5 hours. $29.00
^ LUFTFLOTTE
^y^^ the Battle of Britain
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32K Disk Only THE FINAL FRONTIER
You have been chosen as commander in a struggle to gain control of an unexplored
section of the galaxy. Your foe: an alien race called VOLSUNG. Here in the distant
future, when space travel has become commonplace, on uncharted star systems you
hope to find the raw materials which are vical to your industry and construction of a
fleet of space craft.
Starting with limited ships and resources, you must quickly search, locate and bring
needed systems under your influence, before the aliens can gain a foothold and threaten
your expansion.
A star system can support industry, mining, energy or farming. You must decide on
how to concentrate your efforts to maintain a balance to best serve your needs for
developing your civilization and producing new space craft. Spacecraft that you will
surely need when you and the alien VOLSUNGS eventually collide in a titanic struggle
for the cointrol of the Final Frontier.
100% hi res, total machine language, disk based. $25.00
KEYBOARD GENERAL
Isn't it time for a newsletter/ magazine that talks about the games you've been playing?
An in-depth resource of playing hints, strategies and tactics? Wouldn't it be nice to whip
the computer?
The Keyboard General is published bi-monthly. We'll publish your letters; your game
plays, your thoughts and ideas. You'll hear from us, our program author^. You'll learn
gaming, playing and programming hints, and perhaps discover new ways to assault that
village or attack that flank.
Every month we'll feature a Company Commander replay; discussion of new and old
products, and letters from you. There will be special discounts and promotions offered
only subscribers of the Keyboard General.
Don't miss out! The Keyboard General is filling a great need in the software industry: a
publication dedicated to discussing those programs you've been playing. Subscribe
today, and find out how to beat the computer! $15.00 year subscription
64K LUFTFLOTTE - The Battle of Britain
Player takes the German side and tries to succeed where Goering and the entire Luft-
waffe failed: destroy Britain's will to fight from the air.
A mammoth game, Luftflotte has it all. Twenty-four British cities producing one of six
war materials: petroleum, armaments, aircraft, shipping, morale, electronics; 26 air
bases, 18 low radar sites, 17 high radar sites all forming a complex web of inter-
communication and defense. Can you break the web?
Player controls 3 Luftflottes of over 2000 individual planes including Stuka, Junkers,
Dornier and Heinkel bombers; Mel 10 and Mel09 fighters. Player may launch bomb
runs, recon missions, strafing sorties or transfers: up to five flights per Luftflotte,
Player watches as his flights head for London or Bath or Glasgow or lorad site 'j* or. . .
It's up to you. There are 85 individual targets in the game.
Hi res screen shows aerial combat, bombing and strafing missions and supplies brief
information. Watch targets and planes explode! Semigraphic strategic map of England
and targets. For conclusive information, view the intelligence screen to see everything.
Unless, of course, you prefer playing EXPERT in which case you'll be flying blind as the
real Germans did not so long ago.
Playing time: 3-6 hours. Game save. Machine language. * $29.00
ARK ROYAL GAMES
P.O. Box 14806
Jacksonville, FL 32238
(904) 786-8603
Prices include shipping to U.S., APO's, and Canada. COD's (USA only) add $3.75. Florida residents
add 5% sales tax. All orders shipped within 24 hours. Programs require Color Computer (Tandy
Corp.). Be sure to state system when ordering.
While opening the door I decided to
think about something other than It
(after all, I had to turn off the light and
go back up the stairs and the only thing
my dog guards with any competency
whatsoever is his dinner bowl). And,
naturally, since I was feeling guilty
about it anyway, I thought about this
column.
I realized that it was also the middle
of the night at both Atari and Commo-
dore headquarters, and it dawned on me
that maybe some of those people, too,
were awake and worried about their
own It.
And then, flights of fancy being what
they are, I decided that It for Commo-
dore and Atari people might be lurking
in a tall glass tower in Fort Worth
Texas. This is certainly not to imply tha
John Roach looks like the vampire
Ron Stegall the wolfman or Barrj
Thompson the mummy. But, re
member, It is really the one ^indefinable
.thing you fear the most. And, if 1
happened to be sitting up in the middle
of the night thinking about what to dc
with my Amiga or ST computer line in
view of the release of the new CoCo 3,
I think it would certainly cross my mind
that my It might, indeed, be coming to
"get" me from somewhere like Tandy
Center, Fort Worth, Texas, USA.
I think if I was responsible for the
success or failure of Atari or Amiga, Pd
be more scared of that than of some
scratching, scraping screeching sound
that might be a dog's claws on a wooden
floor in the dark — or might not.
As Steven King, a good New Eng-
lander, would probably say, "ayuh."
Lonnie Falk
"This is certainly not to imply that
John Roach looks like the vampire,
Ron Stegall the wolfman or Barry
Thompson the mummy."
TCE's 5 th Anniversary Catalog
is now available?
IF YOU OWN A TANDY COMPUTER THERE'S SOMETHING FOR YOU!
PROGRAMMING TOOLS
DEFT PASCAL WORKBENCH
DEFT EXTRA
DEFT 3D GRAPHICS SAMPLER
WORD PROCESSING
CHILD WRITER
MEMO WRITER
BUSINESS WRITER
DATA MANAGERS
CHILD FILER
LIST MANAGER
BUSINESS MANAGER
SPREADSHEETS
CHILD CALC
SIMPLE CALC
BUSINESS CALC
EARLY LEARNING
ABC's IN COLOR
ALPHA MEMORY
HAPPY COUNT
MIX AND MATCH
MR. BEAR COUNT
MR. BEAR SPELLER
MR. PIGGY
SEE AND SPELL
TEACHING CLOCK
MATH SERIES
BASIC MATH
CRISS CROSS MATH
CRISS CROSS PLUS
FLASH CARD
FRACTIONS
FRACTION DESTROYER
FRIEND OR FOE
MATH BOMBER
MATH REVIEW
MR. BEAR FLASH CARD
MR. BEAR MATH
PLACE VALUES
REDUCING FRACTIONS
RESCUE MATH
LEARNING ACTIVITIES
ALPHA ATTACK
CAPITAL MATCH
HISTORY QUIZ
MATH QUIZ
MEMORY MATCH
QUIZ GAME
UNITED STATES
VOCAB BRUSH-UP
LANGUAGE ARTS
ALPHABETIZE
ANTONYM EXPRESS
ANTONYM MATCH
COMPUTER EASE
CRISS CROSS SPELL
ENGLISH REVIEW
HOMONYMS
NOUNS
NOUNS REVIEW
PLURALS
PRONOUNS
SAVE THE FISH
SPELL BOMBER
SPELLING RULES
SUPER SPELL BOMBER
SYNONYM EXPRESS
SYNONYM MATCH
TORPEDO SCRAMBLE
VERB REVIEW
WEEKLY SCRAMBLER
WEEKLY SPELLER
100*
SATISFACTION
GUARANTEE
CALL us at l-(a00)-4TC-4TCE or 1-O0D-963-3848
for a FREE TCE Software catalog and the latest copy of TCE NEWS.
14 THE RAINBOW November 1986
How To Read Rainbow
Please note that all the basic program
listings in the rainbow are formatted for
a 32-character screen — so they show
up just as they do on your CoCo screen.
One easy way to check on the accuracy
of your typing is to compare what char-
acter "goes under" what. If the charac-
ters match — and your line endings
come out the same — you have a pretty
good way of knowing that your typing is
accurate.
We also have "key boxes" to show you
the minimum system a program needs.
But, do read the text before you start
typing.
Finally, the little cassette symbol on
the table of contents and at the begin-
ning of articles indicates that the pro-
gram is available through our rainbow
on tape service. An order form for this
service is on the insert card bound in the
magazine.
What's A CoCo?
CoCo is an affectionate name that was
first given to the Tandy Color Computer
by its many fans, users and owners.
However, when we use the term
CoCo, we refer to both the Tandy Color
Computer and the TDP System-100
Computer. It is easier than using both of
the "given" names throughout the rain-
bow.
In most cases, when a specific com-
puter is mentioned, the application is for
that specific computer. However, since
the TDP System-100 and Tandy Color
are, for all purposes, the same computer
in a different case, these terms are
almost always interchangeable.
The Rainbow Check Plus
The small box accompanying a pro-
gram listing in the rainbow is a "check
sum" system, which is designed to help
you type in programs accurately.
Rainbow Check PLUS counts the
number and values of characters you
type in. You can then compare the
number you get to those printed in the
rainbow. On longer programs, some
benchmark lines are given. When you
reach the end of one of those lines with
your typing, simply check to see if the
numbers match.
To use Rainbow Check PLUS, type in
the program and csave it for later use,
then type in the command RUN and press
enter. Once the program has run, type
new and press enter to remove it from
the area where the program you're typ-
ing in will go.
Now, while keying in a listing from the
rainbow, whenever you press the down-
arrow key, your CoCo gives the check
sum based on the length and content of
the program in memory. This is to check
against the numbers printed in the
rainbow. If your number is different,
check the listing carefully to be sure you
typed in the correct basic program code.
For more details on this helpful utility,
refer to H. Allen Curtis' article on Page
21 of the February 1984 rainbow.
Since Rainbow Check PLUS counts
spaces and punctuation, be sure to type
in the listing exactly the way it's given in
the magazine.
10 CLS : X=25G*PED< ( 35 ) +17B
20 CLEAR 2S,X-1
30 X=25G*PEEI< (35J+17B
40 FOR Z=tt TO X+77
50 READ Y:W=W+Y:PRINT Z,Y;W.
G0 POKE Z,Y:NEXT
70 IFW=79B5THENB0ELSEPRINT
"DATA ERROR " : STOP
B0 EXEC X:END
90 DATA 182, 1, 10G, 167, 140, G0, 134
100 DATA ,126, 1B3, 1, 106, 190, 1, 107
110 DATA 175, 140, 50, 4B, 140, 4, 191
120 DATA 1, 107, 57, 129, 10, 38, 3B
130 DATA 52, 22, 79, 15B, 25, 230, 129
140 DATA 39, 12, 171, 12B, 171, 128
150 DATA 230, 132, 38, 250, 48, 1, 32
1G0 DATA 240, 183, 2, 222, 4B, 140, 14
170 DATA 159, 166, 166, 132, 2B; 254
180 DATA 1B9, 173, 198, 53, 22, 12G, 0
190 DATA 0, 135, 255, 134, 40, 55
200 DATA 51, 52, 41, 0
Using Machine Language
Machine language programs are one
of the features of the rainbow. There are
a number of ways to "get" these pro-
grams into memory so you can operate
them.
The easiest way is by using an editor/
assembler, a program you can purchase
from a number of sources.
An editor/assembler allows you to
enter mnemonics into the CoCo and
then have the editor/assembler assem-
ble them into specific instructions that
are understood by the 6809 chip, which
controls your computer.
When using an editor/assembler, all
you have to do, essentially, is copy the
relevant instructions from the rainbow's
listing into CoCo.
Another method of getting an assem-
bly language listing into CoCo is called
"hand assembly." As the name implies,
you do the assembly by hand. This can
sometimes cause problems when you
have to set up an ORIGIN statement or
an EQUATE. In short, you have to know
something about assembly to hand-
assemble some programs.
Use the following program if you wish
to hand-assemble machine language
listings:
10 CLERR200,&H3F00:I=&H3FB0
20 PRINT "ADDRESS: ";HEXS( I );
30 INPUT "BYTE y ';B$
40 POKE I,VAL("&H"+B$)
50 I=a+1:GQTD 20
This program assumes you have a 16K
CoCo. If you have 32K, change the
&H3F00 in Line 10 to &H7F00 and change
the value of I to &H7FB0.
The Rainbow Seal
RAINBOW
CERTIFICATION
SEAL
The Rainbow Certification Seal is our
way of helping you, the consumer. The
purpose of the Seal is to certify to you
that any product that carries the Seal
has been physically seen by us, that it
does, indeed, exist and that we have a
sample copy here at the rainbow.
Manufacturers of products — hard-
ware, software and firmware — are
encouraged by us to submit their pro-
ducts to the rainbow for certification.
We ascertain that their products are, in
actuality, what they purport to be and,
upon such determination, award a Seal.
The Seal, however, is not a "guarantee
of satisfaction." The certification pro-
cess is different from the review process.
You are encouraged to read our reviews
to determine whether the product is
right for your needs.
There is absolutely no relationship
between advertising in the rainbow and
the certification process. Certification is
open and available to any product per-
taining to CoCo. A Seal will be awarded
to any commercial product, regardless
of whether the firm advertises or not.
We will appreciate knowing of in-
stances of violation of Seal use.
November 1986 THE RAINBOW 1 5
BUILDING NOVEMBER'S RAINBOW
A Look at Copyrights . • .
. . . and Your Right to Copies
This is our telecommunications issue and a prime topical thread in any form of
telecommunications revolves around the use and abuse of copyrights. Perhaps
my brief treatment here will stimulate individual reading and group discussion,
both in club meetings and on bulletin boards and national information services.
A prime source of confusion is that many people familiar with the old copyright law
preach it as gospel despite the fact a new law has been in force for years. Prior to 1978,
under the old law, for something to be protected it had to be published with a copyright
notice and registered with the U.S. Copyright Office in Washington, D.C.
Under present law, it's extremely easy to get a limited copyright. If you put a notice
of copyright (where it can be easily seen) on every copy of the work that reaches the
public, this alone — without further action — will afford protection for a period of
five years. To get more permanent protection, you must register your work with the
copyright office within five years after the work is made public. (The U.S. has reciprocal
copyright relations with many countries — including Russia, so, I hope we copyright
defense stuff!)
Copyrights used to be granted for 28 years and could be extended for another 28 years.
That was under the old law. Now, a copyright lasts for your lifetime and 50 years after
your death. In the case of companies, not individuals, holding copyrights, the copyright
is for 75 years from the year in which it was first published, or 100 years from the date
it was created — whichever is shorter.
Now, copyright ownership and ownership of the material object in which the copyright
work is embodied are entirely separate things. That is, an artist, for example, could
copyright a painting and then, if he chooses, convey that copyright to someone else,
a publisher, for instance. But, he could keep the painting, since transfer of the material
object does not in itself convey any rights under the copyright. By the same token, in
going to a store and purchasing a copy of a book — or a piece of software — you do
not acquire the copyright to it. You could pass that individual copy of the book around
until the pages fell out, but you do not have the right to reproduce it merely because
you bought a copy. Similarly, the law forbids you to reproduce copyright computer
programs.
While, often, all rights are sold in one transaction, there are several separate rights
protected by copyright laws and each can be sold individually without affecting
ownership of the other rights. You might, for example, retain book and /or movie rights
while selling only first North American serial (magazine) rights, and retaining other serial
rights.
So, all you need do to copyright something is put the proper notice on all the copies
that go to the public; registration is not necessary. But if you want to do something
about copyright infringement, that is another matter! A copyright owner who has not
registered his claim can, of course, sue someone who has infringed on his claim, but
he cannot enforce his claim until he has registered his work — either before filing a
suit or during the trial. It must be registered before a judgment can be rendered.
Unfortunately, there is a widespread notion that the original author retains some sort
of rights to public domain material, such as a computer program he or she wrote. While
there may be some moral obligation to the author, in copyright law, a creative work
is in the public domain if it is not covered by a copyright or if its copyright has expired.
Once in the public domain (that is, distributed to the public without copyright
protection), it is fair game and cannot simply be "jerked back out" of public domain,
nor can it be copyrighted by anyone else. When the copyright expires or the material
is placed in the public domain, the copyright owner loses all rights to the work and
it may be freely copied or reproduced by the general public.
Now, concerning so-called "collective" copyrights, a compilation of non-original
material can be copyrighted. Nonetheless, any copyright material remains the property
of the copyright owner and public domain stuff is still public domain.
So, a copyright is your exclusive right to control the distribution, copying, sale or
publication of any form of communication that can be recorded in any tangible medium.
It is a valuable piece of property, without which publications such as THE RAINBOW would
not be possible. And, while we retain rainbow's copyright, you can purchase the right
to receive 12 copies with a one-year subscription; I hope you 11 choose to exercise that
right.
— Jim Reed
500
POKEs,
PEEKs,
'N
EXECs
FOR THE TRfr80 COCO
NEVER BEFORE has this Infor-
mation of vital significance to a
programmer been so readily
available to everyone. This book
will help you GET UNDERNEATH
THE COVER' of the Color Com-
puter and develop your own Hl-
QUALITY Basic and ML pro-
grams. SO WHY WAIT??
This 80-page book includes
POKES, PEEKs and EXECs to:
★ Autostart your basic programs
★ Disable Color Basic/ ECB/ Disk
Basic commands like LIST,
LLIST, POKE, EXEC, CSAVE(M),
DEL, EDIT, TROM, TROFF,
PCLEAR, DLOAD, RENUM, PRINT
USIMQ, DIR, KILL, SAVE, LOAD,
MERGE, REM AM E, DSKINI,
BACKUP, DSK1$, and DSKO$.
★ Disable BREAK KEY, CLEAR KEY
and RESET BUTTON.
Generate a Repeat-key.
Transfer ROMPAKS to tape (For
64K only).
Speed Up your programs.
Reset, MOTOR OM/OFF from
keyboard.
★ Recover Basic programs lost by
MEW.
★ Set 23 different
GRAPHIC/SEMIGRAPHIC modes
★ Merge two Basic programs.
★ AND MUCH MUCH MOREIII
COMMANDS COMPATIBLE WITH
16K/32 K/64K/ COLOR BASIC/ ECB/ DISK
BASIC SYSTEMS and CoCo 1 and CoCo II.
ONLY $16.95
ORDER TODAYI VISA. MC Am Ex ChecKorMO. COD
add $2.50. Please add $3.00 S fit H (USA fit Canada
foreign add $5.00). NYS residents pi. add sales tax.
All orders shipped WITHiri 24 HOURS!!!
★
★
★
★
MJF
MICROCOM
SOFTWARE
P.O. Box 21 4 Fairport, N.Y. 14450
Phone (7 16^ 223-1 477
1 6 THE RAINBOW November 1 986
UTILITIES/BOOKS
UTILITY ROUTINES for the
TANDY & TRS-80 COCO (Vol 1)
This powerful book for Basic and ML
Programmers, includes program expla-
nation, memory requirements and an
annotated source listing for the utility
routines given below. These routines if
bought individually will cost you
HUNDREDS OF DOLLARS.
These are 100% Position Independent
ML Utilities and require no ML program-
ming knowledge.
COMMANO KEYS: Access-commands with 2
keystrokes.
CURSOR STYLES: Over 65000 cursor styles.
ERROR SKIP: 'ONERR GOTO' for Basic
Programs
FULL LENGTH ERRORS: Get real word
error messages.
KEY CLICKER: Ensure key input accuracy.
REPEAT KEY: Repeat ANY key.
REVERSE VIOEO (Green & Red): Eliminate
eye- strain
SPOOLER: Don't wait for those long printouts.
SUPER SCROLLER: Save/view scrolled lines.
TAPE-TO-OISK: Copy Basic and ML programs.
ANO MUCH MUCH MORE!!!
For 16K/32K/64K Cassette or Disk
Systems, CoCo I & CoCo II.
BOOK $19.95
THESE ROUTINES (READY-TO-RUN) ON
CAS/DISK:
$24.95
BOTH BOOK AND CASSETTE
or DISK:
$36.95
OTHER "MUST' BOOKS
UNRAVELLED SERIES: These 3 books
provide a complete annotated listing of
the BASIC/ECB and DISK ROMs.
COLOR BASIC UNRAVELLED: $1995
EXTENDED BASIC UNRAVELLED: $19.95
DISK BASIC UNRAVELLED: $19.95
ALL 3 UNRAVELLED BOOKS: $49.95
RAINBOW GUIDE TO OS-9 (Book): $18.95
RAINBOW GUIDE TO OS-9 (2 Disks): S29.0D
BASIC PROGRAMMING TRICKS: Tips and tricks
for Basic Programmers. Only $14.95
WE HAVE ALL THAT YOU NEED TO SUCCEED
SUPER TAPE/DISK
TRANSFER
• Disk- to- Disk Copy (1 -3 passes)
• Tape- to- Disk Copy
• Tape-to-Disk Automatic Relocate
• Disk-to- Tape Copy
• Tape-to-Tape Copy
Copies Basic/ ML programs and DATA files.
32 K Disk System
(Disk to Disk Copy requires 64 K)
DISK ONLY $24.95
y^pF* ONLY
200
$9.95
additional Pokes, Peeks'n Execs to
give you MORE PROGRAMMING POWER
Includes commands for
• Rompak Transfer to disk
• PAINT with 65000 styles!
• Use of 40 track single/ double sided drives with variable
step- rates
• High-Speed Cassette Operation
• Telewriter 64®, Edtasm+® and CoCo Max®
Enhancements
• Graphics Dump (for DMP printers) & Text Screen Dump
• AND MUCH MUCH MORE!
• 500 POKES, PEEKS N EXECS is a prerequisite
UTILITY BONANZA I
Includes 20 best-selected utilities:
• 40 K Disk Basic • Disk Cataloger
• Super Tape-to-Disk Copy (with Automatic Relocate)
• Disk-to* Tape Copy
• L List Enhancer (with page numberingl)
• Graphics Typesetter (two text sizesl)
• LARGE DMP Graphics Dump
• X-Ref for Basic Programs
• Hidden 32 K {Use the "hidden" 32K from your 64K CoCo)
• Basic Stepper (Super Debugger!)
• RAM Disk (for Cassette & Disk Users)
• Single Key Printer Text Screen Dump
AND MUCH, MUCH MORE!!!
DISK (64K Req.) ONLY $29.95
OTHER SOFTWARE...
Telewriter-64 (Cas) $47.95 (Dsk) 57.95
Teleform: Mail Merge for TW-64® 1 9.95
Telepatch (Dsk) 19.95
CoCo Max (Cas) 67.95
CoCo Max II (Dsk) 77.95
CoCo Max Upgrade (Dsk) 18.95
ProColorFile(Dsk) (includes SIMON) 54.95
Dynacalc (Dsk) 79.95
Autoterm (Cas) 36.95
(Latest Version) (Dsk) 46.95
COCO UTIL II (Latest Version): Transfer
CoCo Disk files to IBM compatible
computer. Transfer MS-DOS files to CoCo.
ONLY $36.95
DISK ANTI-PIRATE: Best copy- protection
program for disk Basic and ML programs.
ONLY $59.95.
HIDE-A-BASIC 1.1: Best copy- protection
program for Cassette Basic programs.
ONLY $24.95.
( Both Disk Anti- Pirate & Hide- A- Basic 1 .1
for ONLY $79.95)
CABLES/HARDWARE
UNIVERSAL VIDEO DRIVER: Use your
monochrome or color monitor with your
CoCo (ALL CoCos). Includes audio
connection. Easy installation - no
soldering. ONLY $29.95
INTRONICS EPROM PROGRAMMER: Best
EPROM Programmer for the CoCo.
Lowest Price Anywhere- $137.95.
RS232 Y CABLE: Hook 2 devices to the
serial port ONLY $18.95.
MICROCOM 2 POSITION SWITCHER:
Select any one of two RS232 devices
(printers/modems) from the serial port
ONLY $29.95.
MICROCOM 3 POSITION SWITCHER:
Select any one of three RS232 devices
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ONLY $34.95.
Y CABLE: Use your Disk System with
CoCo Max, DS69, etc. ONLY
$24.95.
DISKETTES (10): BONUS Brand SS/DD
diskettes for the CoCo. 100% Guaran-
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P.O. Box 21 4
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Phone (716) 223-1477
Our software/ books are available at all leading dealers in USA Canada and Australia To Order:
Order by phone& get a $2 refund lor your phone call VISA MC, Am Ex, Check, MO. Please add$3,00
shipping and handling (USA & CANADA other countries $5.00). COD add $2.50 extra 11
NYS residents please add Sales Tax. Immediate shipment Dealer inquiries invited.
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24-HOUR ORDER HOT LINE (7 DAYS A WEEK): (716) 223-1477
Use your spring-centered joystick to feel
the effects of this game on your "man"
Treasure Quest:
Adventure
You've made it to the second
room. All is quiet, and right
across from you is a gold bar! As
you look around the room, you count
a total of five bars of gold. You check
the walls, but see nothing. Looking at
the floor, there's nothing but gold. You
step across the floor, and fall into a pit.
Treasure Quest is an arcade Adven-
ture game that requires a 16K Extended
Color BASIC CoCo with one joystick. It
uses the speedup POKE (POKE 65495 , 0).
If your machine can't handle it, edit
lines 160 and 1 130 to delete it.
The title screen has two parts. The
first uses CoCo's eight colors and CHR$
blocks to write the title. The second is
the graphics screen which shows you
entering the castle.
The castle has three rooms: the Vac-
uum Room, the Magic Pit Room and
Eric Tucker lives in the Bronx and is a
17-year-old student at Baruch College.
He is studying for a bachelor's degree
in computer science. He owns both an
MC-10 and a Co Co, but programs
exclusively on the Co Co.
the Wind Tunnel. In all three rooms
your man is the blue square.
In the Vacuum Room, there is a large
bar of gold on the other side of the
room. You must cross the room, get the
gold and return to the blue door. On
either side of the room are two large
ducts. Avoid both of them, or you'll get
pulled in by the suction from the duct.
If you get close to the gold, you may be
repelled by an invisible force field. It
comes and goes at random, so keep
trying. Once you get the gold, you must
go back across the room to the blue
door to get out.
The second room is the Magic Pit
Room. There are five bars of gold
situated throughout the room. Sur-
rounding them are large, square, disap-
pearing pits. You must avoid getting
caught when one appears or down you
go! After picking up all the gold, a small
blue key may appear on the screen. Pick
up this key and you are awarded 100
points and an extra man. However, you
must then go back and go through the
room again.
The third room, the Wind Tunnel, is
the easiest of the three. To your right is
a large fan and three gold keys. To the
left is a blue spiked wall. You must fight
By Eric Tucker
against the fan to get the three keys.
During your struggle, the spiked wall
moves slowly but surely toward you.
Once you reach all three keys, you are
congratulated, then sent back to the
Vacuum Room.
To begin, you are given three men.
The only way to gain an extra one is to
get the small blue key in the Magic Pit
Room. All treasures except the blue key
are worth 250 points. You automatically
get five points each time you move. In
the Vacuum Room, you must pass
between the ducts to get the points.
After passing all three boards, you are
given another 100 points.
At the end of the game, your score
and the high score are displayed. A
spring-centered joystick should be used
to best feel the effects of the first and
third rooms. I hope to see some of your
scores on the Scoreboard.
If your man doesn't look like a
square, press break and run the pro-
gram again.
(Questions about this program may
be directed to the author at 2950 Park
Avenue #114, Bronx, NY 10451, 212-
665-1821. Please enclose an SASEwhen
writing.) □
18 THE RAINBOW November 1 986
760 120
900 17
1010 104
1130 67
END 181
The listing: TREASURE
20 CLEAR200 : DIM MAN (9 ,11)
30 PCLS:DRAW"C3" :LINE(100,92) -(1
04 , 96) , PSET, BF : GET (98 , 88 ) - ( 108 , 9
8) ,MAN,G:SC=0
40 CLS0:C=0
60 F0RT=1T08:PRINT§34,STRING$(3,
143+ (C*16) ) ; : PRINT§67 , CHR$ (143+ (
C*16) ) / :PRINT@99,CHR$ (143+(C*16)
) ; :PRINT@131,CHR$ (143+(C*16) ) ;
70 B$=CHR$(143+(C*16) ) :B2$=CHR$(
140+(C*16) ) :B3$=CHR$(131+(C*16) )
:G$=CHR$(128)
80 PRINT@70 , B$+B$+G$+B$+CHR$ ( 140
+ (C*16) ) +B$+G$+B2 $+B2 $+B$+G$+B$+
B2$+B2$+G$+B$+G$+B$+G$+B$+B$+G$+
B$+B2$+B$;
90 PRINT@102,B$+G$+G$+B$+B3$+B$+
G$+B$+B2$+B$+G$+B2$+B2$+B$+G$+B$
+G$+B$+G$+B$+G$+G$+B$+B3$+B$ ;
100 PRINT§134,B$+G$+G$+B$+B3$+B3
$+G$+B$+B3 $+B$+G$+B3 $+B3 $+B$+G$+
B$+B$+B$+G$+B$+G$+G$+B$+B3 $+B3 $ ;
110 PRINT@200,B$+B$+B$+B$; : PRINT
@218,B$;
120 PRINT@232,B$+G$+G$+B$+G$+B$+
G$+B$+G$+B$+B2$+B$+G$+B$+B2$+B2$
+G$+B2$+B$+B2$;
130 PRINT@264,B$+G$+CHR$(137+(C*
16) )+B$+G$+B$+G$+B$+G$+B$+B3$+B$
+G$+B2$+B2$+B$+G$+G$+B$ ;
140 PRINT@296, B$+B$+B$+B$+G$+B$+
B$+B$+G$+B$+B3$+B3$+G$+B3$+B3$+B
$+G$+G$+B$; :PRINT@332 , CHR$ (136+ (
C*16) ) ;
150 C=C+1:NEXT: PRINT@395 , "BY ERI
C TUCKER"; : SCREEN0, 1: FORT=1TO20J3
0 : NEXT
160 SOUND200,4:POKE65495,0:PMODE
3:PCLS2:MD=0
170 DRAWBM0 , 50 ; C4 ; F10D15R15U30E
10C3U10R5D1R3D1L8D8C4F10D30R15U1
5E10F10D65L80U75" : PAINT (6 , 60) , 4 ,
4
180 DRAW"Cl":LINE(0,12 6)-(86 Jl 191
) , PSET, BF: LINE (144 ,12 6) -(255 ,191
) , PSET, BF:DRAW"C3" :LINE(88, 130) -
(142,191) , PSET, BF: LINE (0, 160) -(2
55,191) ,PSET,BF.
190 DRAWC4" : LINE ( 192 , 125) - (194 ,
120), PSET, BF
200 LINE(82,126)-(82,66),PSET
210 SCREEN1,0:FORT=1TO2000:NEXT:
X=82:Y=66
220 FORT=0 TO 1 4 : DRAW " C4 " : LINE ( 8 2 ,
66)-(X,Y) , PSET: LINE (82, 126) -(X,Y
) , PSET : SOUND2 45,1: FORZ=1TO200 : NE
XT : DRAW" C2 " : LINE- (82,126), PSET : X
=X+4:Y=Y+4:NEXTT
230 DRAW"C3":LINE(82,12 6)-(X,Y) ,
PSET: LINE- (82, 66) , PSET : PLAY"T6L1
6V30O1CCCV25CCCV20CCCV15CCCV10CC
CV5CCC"
240 FORT=1TO1000:NEXT
250 X=192:Y=125:F0RT=1T056:DRAW"
C3": LINE (82, 66) -(142,12 6) ,PSET:L
INE(X,Y) -(X+2,Y-5) , PSET, BF : FORQ=
1TO30 : NEXT : PLAY" L3 2T2 0V30O1DBV20
DBV10DB" : DRAW"C2 " : LINE (X, Y) - (X+2
, Y-5 ) , PSET , BF : X=X-2 : NEXT
260 FORT=1TO1500:NEXT
270 SOUND100,1
280 CLS: PRINT© 107, "VACUUM ROOM":
PRINT§198, "PICK UP THE GOLD BAR"
:PRINT83 30, "YOUR SCORE: " ;SC:PRIN
T@3 62,"MEN LEFT: " ; 3-MD
290 FORT=lT03 500: NEXT
300 REM vacuum room
310 PCLS:DRAW"C4BM100,0;G40R152H
40 ;BM100, 191 ;H40R152G40": PAINT (1
10,5) ,4, 4: PAINT (100, 185) , 4 , 4 : DRA
W"C2BM10, 100E8R15F8L31"
320 PAINT(15,98) ,2,2
330 DRAW"C4": LINE (0,40) -(255,40)
, PSET: LINE (0, 151) -(255, 151) , PSET
340 DRAW"C3" : LINE (252, 86) -(255, 1
06) ,PSET,BF
350 PX=200 : PY=96 : PUT (PX, PY) - (PX+
10,PY+12) , MAN, PSET
360 SCREEN1,0:POKE65314, 248: FORT
=1TO500:NEXT
370 PLAY"T3O2L32V5GBGBGV10BGBGBV
1 5GBGBGV2 0 BGBGBV2 5GBGBGV3 0 BGBGB "
:CT=0:GD=0
380 GOSUB 1140
385 IF PX<=42THENPX=42
390 PLAY"T200V10L64O2CD"
400 IF PX>56 AND PX<202 THEN SC=
SC+5
430 QW=RND(10) : IF QW<8 AND PX=60
THEN PX=60:IFPY<96THENDRAW"BM58
, 45 ; C4 ; D51 ; L2U51C1 ; D51R2U51 ; " EL
SE DRAW"BM58,96;C4 ;D51L2U51 ;C1 ;D
November 1986 THE RAINBOW 19
Now Create Your Own Signs,
Banners, and Greeting Cards.
Introducing The *
Coco Graphics Designer
Lut Chrlttmu w« introduced our
COCO Greeting Card Detigner program
(lee review April 88 Rainbow). It has
been eo popular that we've now
expanded it into a new program called
the COCO Graphici Detigner. The
Coco Graphici Deiigner produces
greeting cardf plui banners and ligni.
Thii program will further increase the
uiefullneis and enjoyment of your dot
matrix printer.
The Coco Graphics
Designer allows you to mix text and
pictures in all your creations. The
program features picture, border, and
character font editors, so that you can
modify or expand the already built in
librariei. Plui a special "grabber" utility
is included to capture areas of high
resolution screens for your picture
library.
Requirements: a Coco or Coco II
with a minimum of S2K, One Disk Drive
(Disk Ext. BASIC 1.0/l.l.ADOS, or
JDOS). Printers supported include:
Epson RX/FX, GEMINI 10X, SG-10,
NX-10, C-Itoh 8510, DMP-100/ 105/
400/ 430, Seikosha GP-100/250, Legend
808 and Gorilla Bannana. Send a SASE
for complete list of compatible printers.
#C332 Coco Graphics Designer S 29.95
Over 100 More Pictures
An optional supplementary library
diskette containing over one hundred
additional pictures is available.
#C33S Picture Disk #1 $14.96.
Colored Paper Packs
Now available are packs containing 120
sheets of tractor-feed paper and 42
matching envelopes in assorted bright
RED, GREEN, and BLUE. Perfect for
making your productions unforgettable.
#C274 Paper Pack $19.95
With Zebra's Coco Graphics Designer it's easy and enjoyable
making your own greeting cards, signs, and banners.
WICO
TRACKBALL
Now $19.95
Order Cat#TBRS01
(Was $69.95)
You can benefit from our purchase of
brand new WICO Trackball Controllers
at cloeeout prices. Thli model was
designed specifically for the Radio Shack
Color Computer and plugs right into the
joystick port.
WICO Is the largest designer and
manufacturer of control devices for
commercial arcade video games. If
you've ever played an arcade video
game, chances are you've used a WICO
joystick or trackball and experienced Its
superior control, pinpoint firing
accuracy, and exceptional durability.
Includes one-year limited warranty.
Phoenolic ball offers 360-degree
movement. Two optical encoders
provide split-second response.
Quick-action fire button for smooth, two
handed arcade response and feel. Long
V computer connection. Heavy duty
plastic case for long hard use.
Compfctible with all color computer
models.
We have bargain priced trackballs for ATARI, Commodore, TI,
and other computers. Call or write for our price list.
Ordering Instructions: Ail orders
add 13.00 Shipping Si Handling. UPS
COD add tS.00. VISA/MC Accepted.
NY residents add sales tax.
Zebra Sy terns, Inc
78-06 Jamaica Ave.
Woodhaven, NY 11421
(718) 296-2385
51R2U51"
431 IF QW<8 AND PX=60 THEN PX=86
: PY=PY+ 1 : PUT ( PX , PY ) - ( PX+10 , PY+ 12
) , MAN, PSET : LINE ( 60 ,PY) -(70, PY+12
) , PRESET , BF : PLAY"T50L3 2V3 104CDV2
1CDV11CD"
440 PUT (PX, PY) - (PX+10 , PY+12 ) ,MAN
, PSET: IF PY+4>96 THEN 460
450 IF PX<202 AND PX>56 AND PY+4
<96 THEN PY=PY-(RND(4) -1)
460 IF PX<202 AND PX>56 AND PY+4
>96 THEN PY=PY+(RND(4) -1)
470 IF PY<=42 OR PY>=138 THEN GO
SUB1080:IFMD<3THEN280
480 IF PX>41 AND PX<47 AND PY>=8
5 AND PY<=100 AND GD=0 THEN PAIN
T( 15, 98), 1,1: PLAY" V3 1T5L3 2CDEFGA
B" : GD=1 : SC=SC+250
490 IF GD=1 AND PX>=240 THEN PLA
Y"T6L32V30O4BBBV25BBBV20BBBV15BB
BV10BBBV5BBB" : GOTO 5 10
500 GOTO 380
510 REM open pit room
520 FORT=1TO1500:NEXT:SOUND100, 1
530 CLS:PRINT§104,"MAGIC PIT ROO
M":PRINT@197, "PICK UP THE GOLD B
ARS" : PRINT @ 3 30, "YOUR SCORE: " ;SC:
PRINT§362, "MEN LEFT: " ;3-MD:FORT=
1T03 500 : NEXT : FORT=lT05 : GD ( T ) =0 : N
EXT:XY=0:BZ=0
540 GX(1)=80:GY(1)=40:GX(2)=80:G
Y(2)=150:GX(3)=140:GY(3)=96:GX(4
)=212:GY(4)=60:GX(5)=212:GY(5)=1
30
550 PCLS : F0RT=1T05 : DRAW" BM"+STR$
(GX(T) )+","+STR$(GY(T) )+";C2E4R6
F4L14" : PAINT (GX (T) +2 , GY (T) -1) , 2 ,
2 : NEXT
560 DRAW"C3":LINE(0,86)-(4,100) ,
PSET, BF
570 HX(1)=60:HY(1)=84:HX(2)=132:
HY(2)=10:HX(3)=132:HY(3)=150:HX(
4 ) =19 2 : HY ( 4 ) =80 : SCREEN 1 , 0 : POKE65
3 14 , 2 48 : PX=12 : PY=92 : HX ( 5 ) =40 : HY (
5) =15:HX(6)=40:HY(6)=146:HX(7)=1
32:HY(7)=42:HX(8)=132:HY(8)=118:
HX(9)=192:HY(9)=20:HX(10)=192:HY
(10) =140
580 R=RND(10) : DRAW"C4" : LINE (HX (R
) , HY (R) ) - (HX (R) +30 , HY(R)+30) ,PSE
T,BF
590 GOSUB 1140: LINE (PX, PY) - (PX+1
0, PY+12) , PRESET, BF
591 IF H<5 THEN PX=PX-2
592 IF H>59 THEN PX=PX+2
593 IF J<5 THEN PY=PY-1
594 IF J>59 THEN PY=PY+1
600 SC=SC+5
605 XY=0:FORT=1TO5:IFGD(T)=1THEN
20 THE RAINBOW November 1986
4k
What will you do with it ?
An A-BUS system with 2 Motherboards and 9 Cards.
SHEILA wanted to set up a variety of experi-
ments in her lab. With an A-BUS, the computer
can watch the mice instead of Sheila.
HARRY has a model railroad layout that he wished
to automate. Now his home computer controls the engines'!
gates, signals, etc. through the A-BUS.
BOB tests electrical fixtures as they leave the assembly line. He
develops test equipment quickly with inexpensive, off-the-shelf,
and easy to use A-BUS cards.
But what's an A-BUS ? It's the easiest way to connect a variety of
cards that sense and control anything outside the computer. With
the A-BUS, your CoCo becomes an incredible machine.
What would I need? First, an A-BUS Adapter to convert your
computer bus to the A-BUS standard. Then a Cable (with one ortwo
slots) to connect one or two A-BUS Cards. If you need more than
two cards, the cable will be connected instead to the A-BUS
Motherboard, which has five slots. Up to five motherboards can be
chained. Finally, add you choice of A-BUS Cards to fit your project
I'm not an engineer. Can I use the A-BUS ? If you can wire a
switch, you can use the A-BUS. No computer hardware knowledge
is needed I A screwdriver is all you need for many projects.
What about software? Simple PEEK and POKE commands con-
trol the whole system, whether you read the time on the clock,
switch the relays, take a temperature reading, or turn a motor.
What if I change computers? Incredibly, this is as simple as
replacing the inexpensive adapter card.
A-BUS Adapters
CoCo to A-BUS Adapter AR-138: $49
Works with all CoCo's. Plugs into rom slot or Multipak.
Disk systems without Multipak need Y-cable ($19.95)
A- BUS adapter for AApple II, lie. AR-1 34.. .$49
IBM PC, XT, AT and ail compatibles. AR-133...$69
TRS-80 Models 100, 200. AR-135...$69
TRS-80 Mod 3,4,4D. Fits 50 pin I/O bus. AR-132...S49
TRS-80 Model 4P. Includesextracable. AR-1 37. ..$62
TRS-80 Model I. Plugsinto40 pin I/O bus. AR-1 31 ...$39
A-BUS Motherboard mb-1 20: $99
Will accomodate five A-BUS cards. A sixth connector
allows a second motherboard to be added to the first
(with connecting cable CA-1 61 ...$12). Up to five
motherboards can be joined this way to a single
adapter. The motherboard is mounted on a sturdy
aluminum frame with card guides.
A-BUS Cable (3 ft.) ca-163: $29
Connects Adapter to 1 A-BUS card or Motherboard.
Special Cable for two A-BUS cards CA-1 62 . . .$39
Relay Card re-140: $129
8 industrial relays on board. Contacts are rated at 3
amps. You can control up to 64 cards (512 relays)
using several motherboards. Jumpers are used to
simply select the card address. The card is easily
controlled in BASIC with "OUT" or "POKE". For
example, OUT 1 ,0 turns all the relays off on card # 1 .
Eight LED's show which relays are ort.
Digital Input Card in-141 : $49
It's 3afe and ea3y to connect and read switches,
keypads, thermostats, alarm loops, etc. The eight
inputs can monitor the presence of voltage or switch
position. Simple INP or PEEK commands read the
status (On or Off) of the inputs. Each input is optically
isolated for convenience and safety.
Analog Input Card AI>142:$119
With this 8 bit, 8 channel A/D converter, ypur comp-
uter can read voltages, temperatures, pressures,
light levels, etc. Take over 1 00 readings per second
in BASIC (several thousand with machine language).
Ifs simple to use, for example: OUT 1,3 selects
channel #3, then A=INP(1 ) reads the voltage on that
channel. Input range; 0 to 5.1V. Resolution: 20mV.
Conversion time 1£0us.
Prototyping Card pr-152; $15
Protocard is 3 1 /2 by 4Va in. and accepts up to 10 ICs.
12 Bit A/D Converter AN-1 46:$1 09
This high performance analog to digital converter
features accuracy to 0.025%, 130ms conversion
time, sign and over range indication. The basic input
range is -5 to +5 volts, with 1.2mV resolution, but
the gain of the on-board amplifier can be set to
measure microvolts. Ideal for a strain gauge, thermo-
couple, pH meter, etc.
Motor Controller st-1 43:$69
Stepper Motors are the ultimate in motion control.
The special package (below) includes everything
you need to get familiar with stepper motors: Each
controller card drives two stepper motors (12V,
bidirectional, 4 phase).
Motor: 48 steps/revolution, 300 steps/second, W
shaft: MO-103...S15. Power supply: PS-126...$10
Special Package: the controller card, two stepper
motors, and power supply: PA-181 ...$99
Clock with Alarm cl-144:$89
It's the most powerful clock/calendar available. The
features: • 5 second/month accuracy. • Keeps
time, date, and alarm for5 years (even with computer
off)- • Can time events down to 1/100 second.
• Periodic "chime". • Full time and date alarm.
• Four alarm outputs: Computer, LED, Buzzer, and
Reed Relay. • Easy to use,: for example H=INP(1)
reads the hours, Y=INP(6) reads the year, etc.
Latest Developments
Voice Synthesizer
15 Bit Analog to Digital Converter
Intelligent Stepper Motor Controller
Digital to Analog Converter
LCD Display (one and two line)
Touch Tone® Decoder
Counter Timer
24 Line TTL Input/Output
VS-153
AD-155
ST-1 54
DA-1 47
LD-151
PH-1 45
CT-1 54
DT-148
?J^ L Y lne 800 221-0916
Info and NY orders: (718) 296-591 6
Technical Info: (203)656-1806
All lines open weekdays 9 to 5 NY time.
Add $3.00 per order tor shipping.
We accept Visa, MC, checks, M.O.
CO D. add S3 00 extra.
N. Y. residents add sales tax.
Shipping to Canada is $5.00
Overseas, FPO, APOadd 10%
COLOR WARE
Colorware Inc
79-04 Jamaica Ave
Woodhaven, NY 11421
You'll use it all the time and love using it
What is CoCo Max?
Simply the most incredible graphic
and text creation "system" you have
ever seen. A Hi-Res input Pack (more
on the pack later) is combined with
high speed machine language
software. The result will dazzle you.
CoCo Max disk system, with Y-cable.
Is CoCo Max for you ?
Anyone who has ever held a pencil or
a crayon for fun, school or business
will love it. A 4 year-old will have fun
doodling, a 1 5 year-old will do class
projects and adults will play with it for
hours before starting useful
applications (illustrations, cards,
artwork, business graphics, flyers,
charts, memos, etc.) This is one of the
rare packages that will be enjoyed by
the whole family.
What made CoCo Max an
instant success?
First there's nothing to learn, no
syntax to worry about. Even a child
who can't read will enjoy CoCo Max.
Its power can be unleashed by simply
pointing and clicking with your
mouse or joystick. With icons and
puil down menus, you control CoCo
Max intuitively; it works the same way
you think.
Don't be misled by this apparent
simplicity. CoCo Max has more power
than you thought possible. Its blinding
speed will astound you.
It lets you work on an area 3.5 times
the size of the window on the screen.
It's so friendly that you will easily
recover from mistakes: The undo
feature lets you revert to your image
prior to the mistake. As usual, it only
takes a single click.
Later, we will tell you about the
"typesetting" capabilities of CoCo
Max II, but first let's glance at a few of
its graphic creation tools:
With the pencil you can draw free
hand lines, then use the eraser to
make corrections or changes. For
straight lines, the convenient rubber-
banding lets you preview your lines
before they are fixed on your picture.
It's fun and accurate. Lines can be of
any width and made of any color or
texture.
The paint brush, with its 32
selectable brush shapes, will adapt to
any job, and make complicated
graphics or calligraphy simple.
For special effects, the spray can is
really fun: 86 standard colors and
textures, ail available at a click. It's
like the real thing except the paint
doesn't drip.
CoCo Max will instantly create many
shapes: circles, squares, rectangles
(with or without rounded corners),
ellipses, etc. Shapes can be filled with
any pattern. You can also add
hundreds of custom patterns to the
86 which are included.
The Qlyphics are 58 small drawings
(symbols, faces, etc.) that can be used
as rubber stamps. They're really great
for enhancing your work without effort
There is so much more to say, such as
the capability to use CoCo Max
images with your BASIC programs,
the possibility to use CoCo Max's
magic on any standard binary image
file. There are also many advanced
features such as the incredible lasso.
f Mr I ait CiOQOif i i oni itul*
Pull down menus
Jmti ass
Zoom In I
Control Over Your Work
CoCo Max's advanced "tools" let you
take any part of the screen, (text or
picture) and perform many feats:
• You can move it around • Copy
it • Shrink or enlarge it in both
directions • Save it on the electronic
Clipbook • Flip it vertically or
horizontally • Rotate it • Invert
it • Clear it, etc. etc.
All this is done instantly, and you can
always undo it if you don't like the
results.
For detail work, the fat bits (zoom)
feature is great, giving you easy
control over each pixel.
To top it all, CoCo Max II works in
color. Imagine the pictures in this ad
in color, if you own a Radio Shack
CGP-220 or CGP-1 1 5, you can even
print your work in full color !
Inside the HhRes Input Peck
Why a Hi-Res Input Pack ?
Did you know that the CoCo joystick
input port can only access 4096
positions (64x64)? That's less than
10% of the Hi-Res screen, which has
491 52 points! (256x1 92). You lose
90% of the potential. The Hi-Res Input
Pack distinguishes each of the 491 52
distinct joystick or mouse positions.
That's the key to CoCo Max's power.
The pack plugs into the rom slot (like
a rom cartridge). Inside the pack is a
high speed multichannel analog to
digital converter. Your existing
joystick or mouse simply plugs into
the back of the Hi-Res Pack.
Electronic Typesetting...
You'll be impressed with CoCo Max's
capability. Text can be added and
moved around anywhere on the
picture. (You can also rotate, invert
and flip it,..) At a click, you can choose
from 1 4 built in fonts each with 1 6
variations. That's over 200 typestyies !
Examples of printouts
Printing Your Creations
There are a dozen ways to print your
work. All are available with a click of
your joystick (or mouse) without
exiting CoCo Max. Your CoCo Max
disk includes drivers for over 30
printers!
All the CoCo Max pictures are unretouched screen shots or printouts (Epson RX-80).
The whole family will enjoy
CoCo Max. Here area few
examples of the possibilities.
AH these pictures are un retouched screen photos
or printouts (on an Epson RX-80).
Jettison Report
no moioR nEws today
I
Reporters Desperate
"Tkty «1»»TI ttf Ho n«Ti
11 tn4 nt*i' km b*ck> l
«sut4 I»m bt |o» if «oa»-
thisi 4«*>b'i Sipno fUKk''
Bt»tri«r ttrl S«>ibi«i it i
turn «a4 unbtppr a«n
'1 rnUT iao't on Thli
Kink* VetbtBi i?»r h.^nni
«rouo4 hm ~.mt* ScSaut
Sthmdl. ■ J! yt.i 914 n«h««
Sf Ih« cut. hit of :»n CPS*
in it (at tpvip.p.r offie*
vltkow i until norr In
ihn *nk it iiff.rmt ■ <-
cor<bB| to S<bbi4i '!'»» cob-
tldtr.4 (oaatlttBI • crm
ariitf iuii te krt»k ibi
4ol4ruai. t»< I cib t rmnk
of iBftbiai tt»»i»ortbr ib»<
voui4n t g«t at m irouklt '
Ililor Tta JflDilflB rha.l
lillt. irap.rhr ter lb( <IB-
iu«tr crtT "»iita I »•» •
r.porttr »♦ ni.ir hi« ihn
tfoM«o I think ihtii |uyt
•n -hi ltu.it tuach of tumi
l>. .V.. t..w * Mi, or Icairofl
Vhrj is this luff Smiling?
Lou Sch»»n: of e.7 t 6th Si
▼ ■f informed oonity th«t
:hi M »oc i to ic tht tu»!
Svi.pntW, S.e ,i|t t-
aaaVfrl/ O '.' * J "
^to fill? BBflB^
Life in the fast line oot all
it's cracked up to be
So 1 You think vcu w«nt 10
ja into JOtte sUncraus field
liVi TfllBVitian or Vevi^apari
Tou ihmx you loo would
like 10 !nr,( in ' ft# !' t£ t>g<l.:
and rut noj*i wtih th< ;eteb'
rnitr' Vtll forget it Ruanmi
» neviptcer lOur^i }.ke fun
[ kfto* but bsfort you fto off
hilf "tO'-hi'd and jtert vcur
ovn paper n tuv * T V
.tanrjn tiiren to rhe voiie of
tT ulcfi a lot of mcnty 'o
run a niv:^ap»r fur •xam.ptc
nar'irjf even • ;n5tl p«l**r
cjmU suit over 11+ 900 Eear
AMERICAN
SCHNOID
CORPJ
PROFIT^ 3
OTHER
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii^iirriiiiiiiiiiiiiiii:!^'!'!!!
Table
RECOROlfK- MASSES
TIMER
SPRING
BALANCE
©Business graphs, charts,
diagrams. Also memos
=5
1
MASS
©fun tor children while
stimulating creativity.
0
Publish a newsletter
or bulletin
coca hah
COCO M8H
COCO Han
CoCo Man
CoCo Man
CoCo Max
CoCo ITIax
CoCo max
€o€o (flax
CoCo max
CoCo max
CoCo Max
CoCo Max
CoCo ?lox
CoCo Jlox
CoCo Max
CoCo Max
Junior's homework
y and science projects.
Term papers too l
this is
□ ca rtoonj
Wdeo portrait
(with optional digitizer).
_ Over 200 typestyles to
ft) choose from I
generate flyers.
/s a cartoon.
CoCo flCDlTL
V %
A new way to express
your Imagination.
schematics
and floor plans.
CoCo Max II
^ Logos and letterheads.
System Requirements:
Any 64K CoCo and a standard joystick or
mouse. (The koala pad and the track ball work,
but are not recommended.)
Disk systems need a Multl-Pak or our Y-Cable.
CoCo Max is compatible with any Radio Shack
DOS and ADOS.
Note: the tape version of CoCo Max includes
almost all the features of CoCo Max II except
Shrink, Stretch, Rotate, and Glyphics. Also, it
has 5 fonts instead of 1 4.
CoCo Max is not compatible with JDOS,
DoubleDOS, MDOS, OS-9, the X-pad, and
Daisy Wheel Printers.
Printers Supported:
Epson MX, RX, FX and LX series, Gemini, Star,
Micronix, Delta 10, 10X, 15, 15X, SG-
10,Okidata 82 A, 92, 93, C. Itoh Pro-writer,
Apple Image-writer, Hewlett-Packard Thinkjet,
Radio Shack DMP 1 00, 1 05, 1 1 0, 1 20, 200,
400, 500, Line Printer 7, Line Printer 8, TRP-
100, CGP-220. (DMP-130 use Line Printer 8),
PMC printers, Gorilla Banana.
Color printing: CGP-200, CGP-1 1 5
Pricing
CoCo Max on tape . . $69.95
with Hi-Res Pack and manual.
CoCo Max II (disk only) ^^ $79.95
with Hi-Res Pack and manual
Upgrade: CoCo Max to CoCo Max II
New disk and manual , $1 9.95
New features of CoCo Max II: 14 fonts and glyphic
font, dynamic shrink and stretch, rotate, multiple drive
capability, 68 page scrapbook, point and click file
load, color printer drivers, full error reporting.
Upgrade: CoCo Max tape to disk
manuals, disk and binder . , 5 „■« ... r ...... . $24.95
Y-Cable: Special Price. , . $1 9.95
Super Picture Disks #1 , #2, and #3
each: $14.95
All three picture disks.., , . $29.95
Guaranteed Satisfaction
Use CoCo Max for a full month.
If you are not delighted with it,
we will refund every penny.
Font Editor Option
A font is a set of characters of a
particular style. CoCo Max includes
1 5 fonts. You can create new fonts of
letters, or even symbols or graphics
with the font editor. Examples: set of
sy m bols for electron ics, f oreig n
alphabets, etc. . . . , ,. r ..$1 9.95
Video Digitizer DS-69
This new Low Cost Digitizer is the
next step in sophistication for your
CoCo Max system. With the DS-69
you will be able to digitize and bring
into CoCo Max a frame from any video
source: VCR, tuner, or video camera.
Comes complete with detailed
manual and C-SEE software on disk.
Multi-Pak is required.
New Low Price Save $50. $99.95
New: faster DS-69 A. . ..... «,« . $149.95
Color ware Incorporated
COLORWARE 79 -° 4 A Jamaica Avenue
Woodhaven, NY 11421
800 221-0916
Orders only.
NY & Info: (718) 296-591 6
Hours: 9-5 Eastern time.
Add $3,00 per order for shipping.
We accept Vise, UC, checks, M. O.
C. O. D. add S3. 00 exf re. imim
NYandCT: add sales tax.
Shipping to Canada is $5.00
Oversees, FPO, APO add 10%
XY=XY.+1 : NEXT : IF BZ=0 AND XY=5 AN
D PX<=64 AND PX>35 AND RND(90)<=
2 THEN DRAWS2C3BM140, 96L4D8R4U8
D16G4F4E4H4S4" : KX=140 : KY=96 : BZ=1
: S0UND1 , 1
606 IF BZ=1 AND PPOINT (KX, KY) <>3
THEN GOSUB 500.0 :GOTO550
610 PUT(PX,PY) -(PX+10,PY+12) ,MAN
,PSET
620 Z=RND ( 1J3 ) : IF Z<6 THEN LINE (H
X(R) ,HY(R) )-(HX(R)+30,HY(R)+30) ,
PRESET , BF : SOUND1 , 1 : GOTO580
630 XY=0:FORT=1TO5:IFGD(T)=1THEN
XY=XY+1 : NEXTELSENEXT
640 IF XY=5 AND PX<=12 AND PY>85
AND PY<100 THEN PLAY"T6L32V30O4
BBBV25BBBV20BBBV15BBBV10BBBV5BBB
":GOTO710
650 F0RT=1T05:IF PPOINT (GX(T) +12
,GY(T))<>2 AND GD(T)=0 OR PPOINT
- (GX(T) ,GY(T) )<>2 AND GD(T)=0 THE
N SOUND250,8:SC=SC+250:LINE(GX(T
) , GY (T) ) - (GX (T) +14 ,GY (T) -5) , PRES
ET , BF : GD ( T ) =1 : NEXT ELSE NEXT
660 IF PPOINT (PX+12,PY+13) =4 THE
NGOSUB1020 : IFMDOTHEN530
670 IF PPOINT (PX+12,PY-1) =4 THEN
GOSUB 1020:IFMD<3THEN530
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
FOR YOUR COCO
THREE GREAT PROGRAMS —
1. COCO HAPPINESS EXPERT - INCREASE YOUR HAPPINESS
2. COCO THERAPIST — DISCUSS YOUR PROBLEMS
3. COCO POET — ENDLESS STIMULATING POETRY
A) Pack | $24.95
(SPECIFY TAPE OR DISK)
(AND LEARN YOUR HAPPINESS QUOTIENT)
COMPLETE DOCUMENTATION INCLUDES
"THE HISTORY OF Al"
COCO JOKESTER
JUST TELL HIM YOUR NAME AND HE'LL TALK YOUR EAR OFF
$26.95 (DISK ONLY)
Now Available
COCO EXPERT SYSTEM TOOLKIT
BUILD YOUR OWN EXPERT SYSTEM
USING SIMPLE MENU COMMANDS.
— DEMOS, TUTORIAL, EXPERT SYSTEM SHELL, CLEARLY
WRITTEN KNOWLEDGE ENGINEERING MANUAL
— CREATE YOUR OWN KNOWLEDGEBASE
— $59.95 " DISK ONLY ' 64K REQUIRED
INCLUDED: TWO FREE EXPERT SYSTEMS
— STOCK MARKET EXPERT
— EXECUTIVE HEALTH EXPERT
THINKING SOFTWARE, INC.
46-16 65 PLACE
WOODSIDE, N.Y. 11377
(718) 429-4922
CALL RIGHT NOW FOR FREE CATALOG
Talking version of all software available
RS Speechpak required / Add $5.00 per disk
68j3 IF PPOINT (PX-2,PY-1) =4 THEN
G0SUB1J32J3:IFMD<3THEN53J3
690 IF PPOINT (PX-2,PY+13) =4 THEN
GOSUB102J3 : IFMD<3THEN53j3
70j3 GOTO 59j3
71J3 REM wind tunnel
720 FORT=lT015j3j3:NEXT:SOUNDlj3j3,l
: CLS : PRINT @ 10 6 , "WIND TUNNEL" : PRI
NT@197 / "TRY TO REACH THE KEYS":P
RINT@330 , "YOUR SCORE : " ;SC: PRINT @
362, "MEN LEFT: " ; 3-MD : FORT=1TO350
0 : NEXT
721 K1=0:K2=0:K3=0:CT=0
730 CT=0
740 PCLS : D$="F6G6F6G6F6G6F6G6F6G
6F6G6F6G6F6G6F6G6F6G6F6G6F6G6F6G
6F6G6F6G6F6G6F6G6":DRAW"C3BM12,0
"+D$:DX=12
750 PAINT (1,5) ,3,3:DRAW"C4":LINE
(255,76) -(240,116) ,PSET,BF:LINE(
255,94) -(225,98) , PSET, BF: DRAWU2
U8D16H8E8":PAINT(223,96) ,4,4
760 LINE(228,10)-(230,181) ,PSET,
BF
770 KY$="L4D8R4U8D16G4F4E4H4"
780 DRAWC2BM208 , 30"+KY$+"BM208 ,
140"+KY$+"BM208 , 85"+KY$
790 SCREEN1,0:POKE65314,248
800 PX=128:PY=92:FORT=1TO1000:NE
XT
810 GOSUB1140:IFPX>=212THENPX=21
2
815 IF J<5 THEN PY=PY-1
816 IF J>59 THEN PY=PY+1
820 IF PX<60 THEN PX=PX+1
830 IF PX>190 THEN PX=PX-1
840 SC=SC+5
850 CT=CT+1:IF CT/5=INT(CT/5) TH
EN DRAW"C3BM"+STR$(DX)+",0"+D$:D
X=DX+2
860 PX=PX-(RND(3)-1) :PLAY"T200V2
0L64O1CCC"
870 PUT(PX,PY) - (PX+10, PY+12) ,MAN
,PSET
880 IF PPOINT (PX-2,PY) =3 OR PPOI
NT(PX-2,PY+12)=3 THEN GOSUB 1080
:IFMD<3THEN710
890 DRAW"BM228, 10C3D171R1U171C4L
1D171R1U171L1"
900 IF PPOINT (PX+12,PY+13) =2 AND
PY<45 AND PY>30 AND K1=0 OR PPO
INT(PX+12,PY)=2 AND PY<45 AND PY
>30 AND K1=0 THEN DRAW"C1BM208 , 3
0"+KY$ : SOUND240 , 4 : Kl=l : SC=SC+250
910 IF PPOINT (PX+12,PY+13) =2 AND
PY<155 AND PY>140 AND K3=0 OR P
POINT(PX+12,PY)=2 AND PY<155 AND
PY>140 AND K3=0 THEN DRAWC1BM2
08 , 140"+KY$ : SOUND240 , 4 : K3=l : SC=S
24
THE RAINBOW November 1 986
C+250
920 IF PPOINT(PX+12,PY+13)=2 AND
PY<100 AND PY>85 AND K2=0 OR PP
0INT(PX+12,PY)=2 AND PY<100 AND
PY>85 AND K2=0 THEN DRAW"C1BM208
, 85"+KY$ : SOUND24j3 , 4 : K2=l : SC=SC+2
50
930 IF Kl=l AND K2=l AND K3=l TH
EN 950
940 GOTO 81)3
950 REM cleared all boards
960 SOUND200,5:SOUND225, 10
970 FORT=1TO2000:NEXT
980 CLS: PRINT© 12 8," CONGRATULAT
IONS! YOU HAVE": PRINT" COMPLETE
D THE THREE ROUNDS!"
990 SC=SC+1000:PRINT@320," YO
UR SCORE: ";SC:SCREEN0,1
1000 SOUND200,5:FORT=1TO2000:NEX
T
1010 GOTO 2 60
1020 REM pitfall
1040 CLS0:PRINT@480,STRING$(31,2
07) ; :PRINT@15,CHR$(175) ; : Z=0
1060 FORT=15T01STEP-l:PRINT@Z+15
,CHR$(175) ; :SOUNDT,l:PRINT@Z+15,
CHR$(128) ; :Z=Z+32:NEXT
1070 PRINT@396,CHR$(163) ;:PRINT@
403,CHR$(166) ; : PRINT@461 , CHR$ ( 16
]
Submitting Material
To Rainbow
Contributions to THE RAINBOW are welcome from
everyone. We like to run a variety of programs that
are useful/helpful/fun for other CoCo owners.
Program submissions must be on tape or disk and
it is best to make several saves, at least one of them
in ASCII format. We're sorry, but we do not have time
to key in programs. All programs should be supported
by some editorial commentary explaining now the
program works. Generally, we're much more inter-
ested in how your submission works and runs than
how you developed it. Programs should be learning
experiences.
We do pay for submissions, based on a number of
criteria. Tnose wishing remuneration should so state
when making submissions.
For the benefit of those who wish more detailed
information on making submissions, please send a
self-addressed, stamped envelope (SASE) to: Submis-
sions Editor, THE RAINBOW, The Falsoft Building, P.O.
Box 385, Prospect, KY 40059. We will send you some
more comprehensive guidelines.
Please do not submit programs or articles currently
submitted to another publication.
8) ; :PRINT@463,CHR$(162) ; :PLAY"T6
L16V30O2CCCV25CCCV20CCCV15CCCV10
CCCV5CCC" : FORT=1TO1500 : NEXT : SCRE
EN1 , 0 : POKE65 3 14 ,248: GOSUB1080 : RE
TURN
1080 FORT=1TO20:PUT(PX,PY) -(PX+1
0 , PY+12 ) , MAN , PRESET : SOUND2 50 , 1 : P
UT(PX,PY)-(PX+10,PY+12) ,MAN, PSET
: NEXT
1090 MD=MD+1:IF MD<3 THEN RETURN
1100 PLAY"01V25T3L2BL2.C"
1110 FORT=1TO2000 : NEXT : CLS : PRINT
@64," TREASURE QUES
T":PRINT@192," YOUR SCORE:"
;SC:IF SOHS THEN HS=SC: PRINT@22
4," HIGH SCORE: ";HS ELSE PR
INT@224," HIGH SCORE: ";HS
1115 PRINT@128," GAME
OVER"
1120 PRINT@288 , "" ; : INPUT "ANOTHER
GAME";I$
1130 IF LEFT$(I$,1)="Y"THENSC=0:
GOTO160 ELSE POKE65494 ,0 :END
1140 H=JOYSTK(0) : J=JOYSTK(l)
1150 IF H<5 THEN PX=PX-2
1160 IF PX<=8THENPX=8
1170 IF H>58 THEN PX=PX+2
1180 IF PX>=242THENPX=242
1190 IF J<5 THEN PY=PY-1
1200 IF PY<=8THENPY=8
1210 IF J>58 THEN PY=PY+1
1220 IF PY>=174THENPY=174
1230 RETURN
5000 PLAY"T3L3204V5CDEFGABAGFEDC
V10CDEFGABAGFEDCV15CDEFGABAGFEDC
V20CDE FGABAG FE DCV2 5 C DE FG ABAGFE DC
V3 0CDEFGABAGFEDC"
5010 FORT=1TO1000: NEXT: CLS: PRINT
@128," CONGRATULATIONS! YOU PI
CKED": PRINT" UP AN EXTRA M
AN!"
5020 PRINT@224 , "MEN LEFT : 11 ; 3 -MD :
MD=MD-1 : FORT=1TO2000 : NEXT : PRINT@
224 , "MEN LEFT : " ; 3-MD : SOUND1 , 1 : FO
RT=1TO1500 : NEXT : SCREEN1 , 0 : SC=SC+
100 : BZ=0 : F0RT=1T05 : GD(T) =0 : NEXT :
RETURN /R>
November 1986 THE RAINBOW 25
Orbital Drag Race
Ray Larabie
White Lake, Ontario
Ray gives us his rendition of galactic
entertainment, which was created with
basic and a program Ray devised him-
self. Ray is 1 6 years old and lives along
the lower part of the Madawaska River.
p
R
I
Z
t-
P
R
I
Z
E
Summer
Clay Ambrose
Bloomington, CA
Taking the gallery back a few months,
Clay used CoCo Max and CoCo Paint
to remind us of how wonderful, care-
free and relaxing summertime can be.
P51 Mustang
Anthony Harvey
LaTuque, Quebec
Soaring into the pages of the rainbow,
this memorable fighter plane was
created with basic and the enduring
patience of Anthony, who is 13 years
old.
26
THE RAINBOW November 1 986
Editor
Woody Pope
Garland, TX
Woody used basic to create this amus-
ing graphic which really hits home with
all of us here at the rainbow.
E
GO
CDCD
Wolf
Robin Moulder
Stone Mountain, GA
Robin created the face of this canine
predator with the use of basic. Robin
works part time at Radio Shack and is
a full-time student at Devry Institute of
Technology for Electronics Engineer-
ing Technology.
SHOWCASE YOUR BEST!
You are invited to nominate original work for inclusion in
jpcoming showings of "CoCo Gallery." Share your crea-
ions with the CoCo Community!
Be sure to send a cover letter with your name, address and
Dhone number, detailing how you created your picture (what
urograms you used, etc.) and how to display it. Also, please
nclude a few facts about yourself.
Don't send us anything owned by someone else; this
neans no game screens, digitized images from TV programs
3r material that's already been submitted elsewhere. A
digitized copy of a picture that appears in a book or
magazine is not an original work.
We will award a first prize of $25, a second prize of $15
and a third prize of $10. Honorable mentions will also be
given.
Jody Doyle, Curator
o
|n
Aii
E
CoCo Cat
Mark Bourdeaux
Spring Arbor, MI
Mark, who is 13 years old and a fresh-
man at Western High School, graces
the CoCo Community this month with
this well-known comic figure that was
created using CoCo Max.
Send your entry on either tape or disk to:
CoCo Gallery
THE RAINBOW
P.O. Box 385
Prospect, KY 40059
Attn: Jody Doyle
November 1986 THE RAINBOW 27
// the Pilgrims
had met Italians
instead
of Indians . . .
A Thanksgiving
Pizza Party
By Bill Bernico
Just think of it. If the Pilgrims had been met at Plymouth
Rock by Italians instead of Indians, we wouldn't be
having turkey for Thanksgiving. No, we'd probably be
having pizza instead. Imagine, no drumsticks, no white
meat sandwiches for a week afterward, no worried turkeys.
Just good ol' pizza.
With that concept in mind I'd like to present Holiday
Pizza. This program allows you to make your own pizza
with your own toppings. Granted, it is limited to five
ingredients besides the dough and sauce, but they're the five
most common toppings available.
To make your pizza you need one key ingredient —
common sense. The toppings are listed on the left side of
the screen and by pressing the first letter of that topping
it is added to your pizza. Like I said, first comes the common
sense. You could start with any of the toppings but when
you make a real pizza you start with the dough and sauce.
Same goes here. If you start with anchovies, for example,
the sauce covers them up and you won't be able to see them,
so start with the dough and the sauce. Then you can add
the rest in any order.
Most ingredients are added immediately. Have patience
with the Cheese and Extra Cheese options, though. They
take about 40 seconds to complete. As each topping is
added, its name is deleted from the list. When the name
disappears, you know the topping is added.
When you have the pizza made up the way you like it,
press T' for finished and the pizza will be carved by the head
of the house, just like a turkey. To try the program again,
simply press the space bar.
(Questions about this program may be directed to Mr.
Bernico at 70S Michigan Ave., Sheboygan, WI 53081.
Please enclose an SASE for a reply.) □
Bill Bernico is a self-taught computerist who enjoys golf
music and programming. He is a drummer with a rock band
and lives in Sheboygan, Wisconsin.
28
THE RAINBOW November 1966
Sy/ 12 130 f
27 .139
34 .141 I
END ......95 I
I !
The listing: PIZZFi
1 'HOLIDAY PIZZA
2 ' FROM KROMICO SOFTWARE
3 ' BY BILL BERNICO
4 •
5 CLEAR500-.DIM A$ ( 88 ) : GOT038
6 PMODE3,1:PCLS:SCREEN1,0
7 P$="L2ND2L2G2NF2G2D3NR2D3F2NE2
F2R2NU2R2 " : M$="ND3U5RD8RU8FD3RU2
FDNRL8UED2RU3 11 : F$="R6BR6R2DL3BL3
L10GR17DL12BL3L3FR17DL3BL4L9RFR6
BR6R2 » : CIRCLE ( 158 , 9 6 ) , 9 6
8 A$= 11 DOUGH" : DRAWC3BM0 , 9" : GOSUB
35:A$="TOMATO SAUCE" : DRAW"BM0, 24
" : GOSUB3 5 : A$="MUSHROOMS " : DRAW" BM
0,39": GOSUB3 5 : A$=" ANCHOVIES 11 *iJRA
W"BM0, 54" :GOSUB35 : A$=" CHEESE" : DR
AW"BM0 , 69 " : GOSUB3 5 : A$=" PEPPERS " :
DRAW" BM0 ,84": GOSUB3 5
9 A$=" SAUSAGE" : DRAWBM0 , 99 11 : GOSU
B35 : A$="EXTRA" : DRAW"BM0 , 114 11 : GOS
UB3 5 :A$=" CHEESE ": DRAW" BM8, 122" :G
OSUB35 : A$="FINISHED" : DRAW"BM0 , 15
0":GOSUB35
10 C$=INKEY$:IFC$=""THEN10
11 IFC$="D"THENPAINT(158,3) ,2,4:
LINE(0,0) -(60, 16) , PRESET, BF
12 IFC$="T"THENCIRCLE(158, 96) ,90
, 4 : PAINT ( 158 , 9 ) , 4 , 4 : LINE (0 , 16 ) - (
90,30) , PRESET, BF
13 IFC$="C"THENGOSUB2 1: LINE (0, 60
)-(60,72) , PRESET, BF
14 IFC$="A"THENGOSUB27
15 IFC$="M"THENGOSUB29
16 IFC$="P"THENGOSUB31
17 IFC$="S"THENGOSUB33
18 IFC$="E"THENGOSUB21 : LINE (0 , 10
2)-(60,126) , PRESET, BF
19 IFC$="F"THEN40
20 GOTO 10
21 FORC=1TO500:X=70+RND(177) :Y=1
0+RND(190) :PSET(X,Y,2)
2 2 IFPPOINT (X+i; Y) =1THENPRESET ( X
23 IFPPOINT (X-l, Y) =1THENPRESET (X
,Y)
24 IFPPOINT (X, Y+l ) =ITHENPRESET (X
25 IFPPOINT (X, Y-1)=1THENPRESET(X
,Y)
26 NEXTC: RETURN
27 E=130:F=25:GOSUB28:E=197:F=29
: GOSUB2 8 : E=2 20 : F=7 3 : GOSUB2 8 : E=17
0 : F=8 3 : GOSUB2 8 : E=10 8 : F=10 1 : GOSUB
2 8 : E=14 9 : F=140 : GOSUB2 8 : E=2 20 : F=l
11 :GOSUB28: LINE (0,48) -(65,60) , PR
ESET , BF : GOTO 10
28 DRAW"C2BM=E ; , =F,*"+F$ : DRAW"C4 "
: RETURN
29 O=190:D=58:GOSUB30:C=140:D=70
: GOSUB30 : C=2 2 6 : D=9 9 : GOSUB30 : C=17
1: D=119 : GOSUB30 : C=2 15 : D=150 : GOSU
B3 0 : C=10 4 : D=14 5 : GOSUB3J3 : C=8 6 : D=7
6 :GOSUB30: LINE (0,32) -(70,43) , PRE
SET,BF:GOTO10
30 DRAW"C1BM=C; ,=D; "+M$ : RETURN
31 H=90:V=122 :GOSUB32 :H=210:V=80
: GOSUB3 2 : H=18 1 : V=13 2 : GOSUB32 : H=l
19 : V=40 : GOSUB3 2 : H=17 6 : V=3 0 : GOSUB
32:H=135:V=159:GOSUB32:H=150:V=1
00 : GOSUB3 2 : LINE (0, 70) - (60, 86) , PR
ESET, BF
32 DRAW" C1BM=H ; ,=V;"+P$ : RETURN
33 A=158 : B=96 :GOSUB34 : A=148 : B=40
: GOSUB3 4 : A= 1 6 8 : B= 1 5 2 : GOSUB 3 4 : A= 1
13 : B=8 0 : GOSUB3 4 : A=120 : B=13 3 : GOSU
B3 4 : A=190 : B=103 : GOSUB3 4 : A=2 10 : B=
13 0 : GOSUB3 4 : A=205 : B=60 : GOSUB 3 4 : L
INE (0,86) -(60,99) , PRESET , BF: GOTO
10
34 CIRCLE (A, B) , 10 , 3 : PAINT (A, B) , 3
, 3 : RETURN
35 FORX=lTOLEN(A$) :Y=ASC(MID$(A$
,X,1))
36 IFY<0THENY=0
37 DRAWA$ (Y) : NEXT : RETURN
38 A$(32)="BR4":A$(65)="U6R4D3NL
4D3BR4" : A$ (67) ="NR4U6R4BD6BR4" : A
$ ( 68 ) ="RU6LR3FD4GL2BR7 " : A$ ( 69 ) ="
NR4U3NR4U3R4BD6BR4" : A$ (70) ="U3NR
4U3R4BD6BR4" :A$ (71) ="BU6NR5D6R5U
3L2BD3BR6" :A$ (72) ="U6D3R4U3D6BR4
" : A$ (73) ="BRNU6BR4" : A$ (77)="U6F2
E2D6BR4" : A$ (78) ="U6DF4U5D6BR
39 A$ (79) ="R4L4U6R4D6BR4" : A$ (80)
="U6R4D3L3D3BR7":A$ ( 82 ) ="U6R4D3L
4RF3BR4 " : A$ ( 8 3 ) ="R4U3L4U3R4BD6BR
4" : A$ (84) ="BU6R4L2D6BR6" : A$ (85) =
"U6D6R4U6D6BR4 ":A$ (86) ="BU6D4F2E
2U4BD6BR4" :A$ (88) ="UE2H2UDF2E2UD
G2F2DBR4" :GOT06
40 DRAW"BM158,96C1NU96ND96NR96NL
96NE80NF80NG80NH80
41 IFINKEY$OCHR$ (32 ) THEN41ELSER
UN
November 1986 THE RAINBOW 29
The Third One's
the Charm
Here we are at the start of a new
era in the saga of the Color
Computer. The Color Comput-
ers 1 and 2 have been great machines.
The proof of this is their longevity and
popularity. With the introduction of the
Tandy Color Computer 3, a new age
dawns for the home computer. This new
computer can produce startling graph-
ics and run many programs at the same
time, and allows for a better human-to-
computer interface. Of course, the best
part is that it's priced so everyone can
afford to buy one.
Let's get down to the facts and fig-
ures. First, the Color Computer 3 comes
with 128K of RAM and can be ex-
panded to 512K. The graphics capabil-
ities are 640 by 225, although only a
maximum of 640 by 192 is supported.
Up to 16 colors can be displayed on the
screen at the same time, and there are
64 different colors to choose from. Both
40-by-24 and 80-by-24 character screens
are supported. In addition, these
screens have attributes, eight fore-
ground and eight background colors,
underlining and blinking. The hardware
Mark Siegel is the product manager of
Color Computer and home entertain-
ment products for Tandy Corporation,
By Mark Siegel
is capable of displaying more lines of
text. Keep in mind, however, most TV
sets cannot display these extra lines.
The Color Computer 3 can run at .89
MHz, like its predecessors. A new 1.79
MHz clock rate is provided. This addi-
tional speed allows the Color Computer
3 to outrun most of the PC compatibles,
and all of its competition in this price
range.
The 6809 CPU has a 16-bit program
counter, which means it can only ad-
dress 64K at any one time. Yet, the
Color Computer 3 can have 512K of
RAM in it, and the 6809 can execute a
program from all the RAM. This is
done with a device called an MMU
(Memory Management Unit). The
MMU is also referred to as a DAT
(Dynamic Address Translator). Sounds
pretty fancy. Well, it's really quite
simple. There are two sets of eight-DAT
registers, one for a system mode and one
for a user mode.
A memory address has a 16-bit binary
value. Each bit, starting with the most
significant bit, selects either the upper
or lower section of memory. For exam-
ple, if the highest bit in the 16-bit
address is on, the processor will only
select memory in the upper 32K of
address space. The three most signifi-
cant bits break memory into 8K blocks
throughout the map. These three bits
XTERM
OS-9 Communications program.
Menu oriented
Upload/download. Ascii
or XMODEM protocol
Execute OS-9 commands
from within XTERM
• Definable macro keys
- Works with standard serial port, RS232
PAX, or PBJ 2SP Pack, Includes all drivers.
• Works with standard screen. X SCREEN, or
WORDPAK 80 column board.
$49.95 with source $89.95
XMENU
Creates a menu driven environment for OS-9.
• Create your own menus " Works with standard screen,
$29
XSCREEN, WORDPAK. O-PAK
.95 with source $ 5 9 . 9 5
1 1 ■ 1 1 ■ ■ i ■ i 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ■ i 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
XSCREEN
OS-9 hi-res screen
• 5 1 /64/85 chars per line "Easy menu operation
$19.95 with source $39.95
XDIR &
XCAL
Hierarchial directory
OS-9 calculator
• Full sorting
• Decimal, Hex, Binary
• Complete pattern matching
• +, *, /, AND.OR, XOR, NOT
$24.95
with source $49.95
XDIS
OS-9 disassembler
$34.95 with source $54.95
XWORD
OS-9 word processing system
• Works with standard text screen, XSCREEN, WORDPAK, or O-PAK
• True character oriented full screen editing
■ Full block commands
• Find and Replace commands
■ Execute OS-9 commands from within
• Proportional spacing supported
• Full printer control, character size, emphasized, italics,
overs trike, underline, super/sub-scripts
• 10 header/footers
• Page numbering in decimal or Roman numerals
• Margins and headers can be set different for even and odd pages
$69.95 with source $124.95
XMERGE
Mail merge capabilities for XWORD
$24.95 with source $4 9. 95
XSPELL
OS-9 spelling checker, with 20000 and 40000 word dictionaries
$39.95
XTRIO
XWORD/XMERGE/XSPELL
$114.95 with XWORD/XMERGE sourc$1 99.95
XED
OS-9 full screen editor
$39.95 with source $ 79. 95
SMALL BUSINESS ACCOUNTING
This sales-based accounting package is designed
for the non- accounting oriented businessman. It
also contains the flexibility for the accounting ori-
ented user to setup a double entry journal with an
almost unlimited chart of accounts. Includes Sales
Entry, transaction driven Accounts Receivable and
Accounts Payable, Journal Entry, Payroll Disburse-
ment, and Record Maintenance programs. System
outputs include Balance Sheet, Income Statement,
Customer and Vendor status Reports, Accounts
Receivable and Payable Aging Reports, Check Reg-
ister, Sales Reports, Account Status Lists, and a
Journal Posting list $79 95
INVENTORY CONTROL/SALES ANALYSIS
This module is designed to handle inventory control,
with user defined product codes, and produce a detailed
analysis of the business' sales and the sales force. One
may enter/update inventory data, enter sales, run five
sales analysis reports, run five inventory reports, set up
product codes, enter /update salesman records, and
update the SBAP inventory. $59.95
PAYROLL
Designed for maintaining personnel and payroll
data for up to 200 hourly and salaried employees
with 8 deductions each. Calculates payroll and tax
amounts, prints checks and maintains year-to-date
totals which can be automatically transferred to the
SBA package. Computes each pay period's totals
for straight time, overtime and bonus pay and det-
ermines taxes to be withheld. Additional outputs
include mailing list, listing of employees, year-to-
date federal and/or state tax listing, and a listing of
current misc. deductions. Suited for use in all states
except Oklahoma ihd Delaware. $59.95
These programs aw user friendly and menu
qVivcn* SampleWn
package features s hi-res screen. Each requires
a printer, a rjunrmum of 32k and; at Ittat 1 disk
ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE
Includes detailed audit trails and history reports
for each customer, prepares invoices and monthly
statements, mailing labels, aging lists, and an alpha-
betized customer listing. The user can define net
terms for commercial accounts or finance charges
for revolving accounts. This package functions as a
standalone A/R system or integrates with the Small
B usiness Accounting package. $59.95
ACCOUNTS PAYABLE
Designed for the maintenance of vendor and A/P
invoice files. Hie system prints checks, voids
checks, cancels checks, deletes cancelled checks,
and deletes paid A/P invoices. Hie user can run a
Vendor List, Vendor Status report, Vendor Aged
report, and an A/P Check Register. This package
can be used either as a standalone A/P system or
can be integrated with the Small Business
Accounting Package. $59.95
MICROTECH
CONSULTANTS
I H I 1906 Jerrold Avenue
|s|^i|||| H St. Paul, MN 55112 •
::::::£:*>jW^
Ordering Information
Add $3.00 shipping & handling, MN residents add 6% sales tax.
Visa, Mastercard, COD (add $2.50), personal checks.
(612) 633-6161
produce eight combinations. This set of
combinations point to the eight DATs.
Each DAT register can be made to point
to an 8K block in the 5,1 2K memory
map. By changing these DAT registers,
the 6809 can address any location in the
l^-meg address space. Having two sets
of DATs allows the 6809 to switch
memory maps very quickly. An operat-
ing system like OS-9 Level II changes
the user's memory configuration during
an interrupt, and allows for many
programs and/ or programs longer than
64K to run within the system.
Now that we have provided the 6809
CPU with a way to address more mem-
ory, we can look at how the superb
graphics use it. First, let's look at all the
graphics modes.
Compatible Modes
64 by 32
128 by 100
128 by 192
256 by 192
New Modes
160 by 192
320 by 192
320 by 192
640 by 192
640 by 192
8 color
4 color
4 color
2 color
16 color
4 color
16 color
2 color
4 color
Most of the games written for the
Color Computer use the 128-by-192
four-color mode; this mode takes up 6K
of memory. And, of those games, most
use two graphics screens for a total of
12K. The 320-by-192 16-color mode
uses 32K of memory for just one screen.
A game that requires two screens of
video uses 64K. That is the maximum
amount of memory that you could have
in the old Color Computer. You can
write some really fine looking programs
with this kind of color and resolution.
However, to do a program like Zaxxon
in this kind of resolution would take a
lot of CPU time to move such a large
section of memory. The new computer
has been equipped with both vertical
and horizontal smooth scrolling. What
this does is allow the video screen to act
like a window on top of a larger screen.
Thus, we get the effect of moving large
amounts of memory without using very
much CPU time. It is also important to
note that all graphics modes use contig-
uous memory. This makes address
calculations simpler and faster.
The 16-color registers can be set to
any of 64 colors. The primary set of
colors consists of red, green and blue.
Each color has up to three shades. By
ATTR
HBUFF
HCIRCLE
HCLS
HCOLOR
HDRAW
HGET
HLINE
HPAINT
HPRINT
HPUT
HRESET
HSET
HSCREEN
HSTAT
LOCATE
LPOKE
ON BRK GOTO
ON ERR GOTO
PALETTE
WIDTH
BUTTON
ERLIN
ERNO
HPOINT
LPEEK
Figure 1
Displays character attribute,- foreground, background, blink
and underline
Allocates space outside of BASIC'S program area for Hi-Res
GET /PUT buffers
Draws a circle on Hi-Res screen
Clears Hi-Res screen
Sets foreground and background on Hi-Res screen
Draws an object on Hi-Res screen described by a string
Copies an area on Hi-Res screen to a buffer
Draws a line on Hi- Res screen
Fills an area on Hi- Res screen
Displays text on Hi-Res graphics screen
Displays a block stored in a buffer on Hi- Res screen
Resets a point on Hi-Res screen
Sets a point on Hi-Res screen
Selects Hi-Res mode for display
Returns character location, character and attribute
Positions cursor on a screen
Pokes a byte into any location in the 512K map
Causes the BREAK key to be trapped
Causes an error to be trapped
Changes color registers
Selects 32-, 40- or 80-column display
Returns status of firebutton
Returns the line number in which an error occurred
Returns number of the error
Returns a point on Hi-Res screen
Peeks a location in the 512K map
mixing the color and shades together
you produce the effect of shading and
contouring of objects. This allows for
anti-aliasing (non-stair-step lines), and
many other state of the art display
techniques. You can set as many of the
color registers to the same color as you
want. This allows you to hide objects on
the screen and have them appear by just
changing their palette color. Even more
dramatic effects can be produced by
changing the palettes continuously, as
in producing a flickering fire on the
screen.
Another area addressed by the new
computer is the interrupt system. Spe-
cial interrupt control registers have
been incorporated to allow the proces-
sor to spend far less time in the interrupt
service routine. This hardware allows
interrupts to be generated by the key-
board, joystick button, serial port,
cartridge port, V-blank and a program-
mable interrupt generator. Theseinter-
rupts can be vectored to either the IRQ
or FIRQ. The programmable timer
interrupt has a 12-bit couriter and can
use either the 15,000 Hz or a 70-ns
clock. The programmable interrupt
timer can be used to aid the processor
in producing sound through the six-bit
D/ A converter or to provide a clocking
system for the "bit-banger" serial port.
Those of you who like good, crisp
hardware-generated text are going to
love the CoCo 3. As stated earlier, we
have 40- and 80-column text with attri-
butes. In addition, there are 32 interna-
tional characters in the character set.
The programmable timer generates the
blink rate for the blinking attribute,
color registers 0 to 7 produce fore-
ground colors and registers 8 to 15
produce the background colors. Add in
the underline and control of border
colors and you can produce some pretty
attractive screens. However, you will
want a CM-8 color monitor. The CM-
8 is not another PC-compatible RGBI
monitor, but rather an analog Hi-Res
RGB monitor.
Each joystick port now has two fire-
buttons. The resolution of the joystick
is still 64 positions internally. However,
with the Hi-Res joystick adapter and
OS-9 Level II, you can get 640 true
analog positions.
With all these features added to this
new machine, it still maintains compat-
ibility with its predecessor. The excep-
tion is software that uses the VDG/
SAM semi-graphics modes or undocu-
mented BASIC ROM calls. Most pro-
grams should work if they worked on
the Color Computer 1 and 2. Third-
party products that follow these rules
should work:
1. Use only documented ROM calls
2. Do not write to an address above
SFE00
3. Make sure the map is selected £ot
16K internal and 16K external.
32 THE RAINBOW November 1 986
To top off the Color Computer 3,
nore power has been added to the
IASIC ROM in the computer. These
ange from support of the new graphics
o error handling. Figure 1 is a summary
)f the newly added BASIC commands.
These new features work with the
Disk system, giving the user a new Disk
Extended BASIC. For compatibility,
IASIC still runs at .89 MHz. You will
ind the 26 new commands both useful
ind fun.
3S-9 Level II From
Vficroware Systems
The new OS-9 comes with a window-
ng system. This system allows you to
lave a multi-user system at one display
ind keyboard. Until now the only way
/ou could have more than one program
equiring keyboard input and display
Mtput was to attach a terminal to the
3olor Computer. Now, you can tell OS-
) to open another terminal on the same
screen or a different screen. The win-
dowing system allows for multiple
screen and multiple resolutions, and all
active at the same time. To my knowl-
edge there is no other system at any
price that has this capability. In graphics
modes, the system allows the features
window to window, the user presses the
CLEAR key to move forward to the next
window or SHIFT-CLEAR for the pre-
vious windows. The window system acts
like a super terminal, so you do not use
up program memory space for video
display.
OS-9 Level II provides many other
valuable system functions. Among
these is record locking. This allows
more than one program to access the
same information file at the same time
without conflict. Because of the MMU,
Level II does not permit memory frag-
mentation. A full disk driver is included
in the system so larger drives can be
added in the future.
Developing software under this new
system will be a challenge in many ways.
First, it is possible to run one OS-9
Level I program under the window
system. What this means is that under
the Color Computer Level I system,
video memory is mapped into the real
address space. This Level I video emu-
lation has some additional functional-
ity. Under this system you can have up
to two VDG video screens of 6K each
or a 16K, 160-by-192 16-color screen,
the capability of changing the color
palettes and more.
Figure 2
Select font
You may use different font styles
Point
Plot a point
Line
Draw a line
Circle
Draw a circle
Get block
Copy a block into a system buffer
Put block
Copy a block from system to screen
Fill
Paint the screen
Use logic
And, or, xor, no logic
Use pattern
Apply pattern to command
Ellipse
Draw an ellipse
Arc
Draw an arc
Create a window
Use overlay window
Proportional
Proportionally-spaced text
Bold text
Invert text
Underline text
Download font
Download buffer
Scale on/off
Protect on/ off
described in Figure 2.
In graphics, all windows are scaled to
640 by 192. This allows for programs to
be written for one size screen without
having to worry about what portion of
some other screen the application will
run on in the future. To change from
When running any 1/ O-oriented task,
it is the programmer's responsibility to
not waste system time or permit his task
to endanger I/O.
Here's an example. You have a pro-
gram that uses the mouse/joystick
pointer device on one window and, on
another window, you are playing an
arcade game. You switch from a friendly
user shell on Window 1 to the arcade
game on Window 2. You start moving
the joystick around to shoot down the
flying saucers. Well, by moving the
joystick to shoot at the saucer you pull
down the disk utility menu back on our
friendly menu. If a programmer is not
careful, conceivably, when you push the
button to fire at the saucer, the button
could be misread by the menu which
thinks you have selected to format the
disk drive. You finish the game, go to
the menu and, because the program did
not play by the rules, you have lost all
the programs and data on the disk. But
take heart; OS-9 provides the informa-
tion so this need not ever happen.
There are some things that both users
and programmers should be aware of.
First, if you have more than one task
running that does disk file I/O, and one
of the programs tells you to swap disks
in the disk drive, be careful. By swap-
ping the disk, you may deprive the other
program of its data. Here again, the
programmer should have taken precau-
tions against this by using good error
trapping.
With some good forethought by the
companies that produce and sell soft-
ware, the Color Computer 3 could be a
new industry standard.
This new machine will challenge the
programming community with new
possibilities. It will spark our collective
imaginations into producing software
unlike any other. It will open new doors,
cross new boundaries and set Color
Computer owners apart from the
crowd. Those who intend to write
software for Tandy must use OS-9, but
they will find that OS-9 will make their
lives a lot simpler.
This new software will allow the
Color Computer 3 to grow and mature
with new, exciting concepts of what can
be done on a home computer. Both
Radio Shack and the third-party world
can produce new, innovative software,
and expand our concepts of how we
interact with and use a computer.
November 1966 THE RAINBOW 33
Howard Medical Computers
We have Rainbowfest prices year 'round!
SMITH
CORONA
Smith Corona offers the latest and best in typewriter
technology including a built-in 50,000 word dictionary and
spelling checker that beeps as a spelling error is made,
a full line lift off correction feature!
($7 shipping)
Special interface plug unit transforms the Smith Corona
typewriter into a wordprocessing printer for your color
computer. Includes both serial and parallel output.
DISK
CONTROLLER
NEW FROM
J&M
The DC-4 is a stripped down version of the very popular
DC-2 and includes all the same features such as
memory minder automatic format recognition, gold cir-
cuits, metal box, and software selectable tract seek rate
except for ROM switch and parallel port.
s
($2 shipping) y
TEAC DISK
55B DRIVE
The Teac 55B fits into the spare slots in the Radio Shack
501 Disk Drive. This bare drive features 40 Track, double
sided 360K potential and a six ^ ja*
millisecond track ,„ v O I J \ J
seek rate. ($2 sh.pp.ng) V |gt
The DD-2 combines the Teac 55B with our V2 height
horizontal case and heavy duty
power supply. /M _ui— i—* $lOO
($2 shipping)
GUARANTEE
Howard Medical's 30-day guarantee is meant (o eliminate the uncertainty of deal
ing with a company through the mail Once you receive our hardware try it out;
test it for conipataiblliiv If you're not happy with it for any reason, return it in 30
days and Wtt'll give you your money back, (less shipping)
RS DOS ROM CHIP
ROM chip fits inside disk controller. 24 pin fits both J&l
and RS controller Release 1.1.
B0TEK
Reg.$40
($2 shipping)
eacl
Serial to parallel converter converts the CoCo 4 pin serial
output to run a parallel printer like Star or Epson. In-
cludes all cables. Add $10 for modem attachment.
($2 shipping)
$6845
• *m
WORD PACK RS
ack is the hardware answer for an 80 column
display. It includes a built-in video controller to drive a
monochrome monitor like our 123A. To get started, you
need OS-9 2.0, a Y-cable or multipack interface drive 0,
and a monochrome monitor. COO
($2 shipping) ^0*J
New basic driver runs word pack without
need for an OS-9.
MONITORS
123A 12"
This 12" green screen high resolution mon-
itor offers 60 column capability, Zenith quail
ty and a 30 day warranty valid at any of
Zenith's 1200 locations.
Retail $149 $gy 50 REPACK
Our price
($7 shipping)
122A Zenith 12" Amber Screen of-
fers the same 640 dots x 200 dots
resolution at 15MHz as the 123A
and e 90 day warranty valid at our
1200 locations
($7 shipping) O O
Closeout Specials — only 14 in
stock We have a limited number of
lesser known color monitors that
have been discontinued but are
brand new in their -t^%€\
original boxes | j^j
($14 shipping)
141 Roland 13" Color Monitor with
speaker, 270 dots x 200 dots
resolution, 4 MHz Cft^-T
band width £\ f
($14 shipping)
131 Zenith 13" Color Monitor has
medium resolution with speaker
and RGB jack C «4 ^ O
(S14 shipping) lDO
AH monitors require an amplifier
circuit to drive the monitor and are
mounted inside the color computer
They attach with spring connectors,
with two wires extending out of the
computer, one for audio and one for
video.
VA-1 for monochrome
onitors only, firs all
olor computers
($2 shpg]F24^
VC-4 for monochrome
r color, fits ail color
computers
<«*. P3 , $ 39 45
Howard Medical Computers 1690 N. Elston Chicago, IL 6062
ORDERS INQUIRIES AND ORDER STATUS
(800) 443-1444 =(312) 278-1440 =
Showroom Hours:
8:00 - 4:00 Mon. - Fri.
10:00 - 3:00 Sat.
WE ACCEPT: VISA • MASTERCARD • AMERICAN EXPRESS
C.O.D. OR CHECKS • SCHOOL P.O.'S
ORDER RAINBOW
ON DISK NOW
AND SAVE!
As a special introductory
offer, you can subscribe to
RAINBOW ON DISK be-
fore January 1, 1987, for
only $90 — $9 off the reg-
ular subscription price.
Don't miss out — order
today!
The
THE COLOR COMPUTER
It's called the premier Color Computer magazine for good
reason. THE RAINBOW is the biggest, best, brightest and most
comprehensive publication a happy CoCo ever had! Is there any
wonder we get letters daily praising THE RAINBOW, the
magazine one reader calls "A Pot Of Gold" for his Color
Computer
THE RAINBOW features more programs, more information
and more in-depth treatment of the Tandy Color Computer than
any other source.
A monthly issue contains more than 200 pages and up to two
dozen programs, 1 4 regular columns and as many as 20 product
reviews. And advertisements: THE RAINBOW is known as the
medium for advertisers — which means every month it has a
wealth of information unavailable anywhere else about new
products! Hundreds of programs are advertised in its pages
each month.
But what makes THE RAINBOW is its people. Nationally
known people like Bill Barden, who has written 27 books on
computer topics and writes for us each month. Or, Fred Scerbo,
who writes special programs at the request of readers. Experts
like Dick White and Joseph Kolar, two of the most knowledge-
able writers on BASIC. Communicators like Marty Goodman and
Cray Augsburg, who stay abreast of telecommunications
advances. Or, Dan Downard, RAINBOW technical editor, who
answers our readers' toughest questions. Educators like Dr.
Michael Plog and Steve Blyn, who show how CoCo can be used
at home or school. Advanced programmers like Dale Puckett,
who guide you through the sophisticated OS-9 operating
system. Electronics experts like Tony DiStefano, who explain
the "insides" of the CoCo. These people, and many others, visit
you monthly through columns available only in THE RAINBOW.
Every single issue of THE RAINBOW covers the wide
spectrum of interests in the Tandy Color Computer — from
beginners' tutorials and arcade games to telecommunications
and business and finance programs. Helpful utilities and do-it-
yourself hardware projects make it easy and fun to expand your
CoCo's capabilities. And, monthly reviews by independent
reader reviewers take the guesswork out of buying new software
and hardware products.
Join the tens of thousands who have found THE RAINBOW
to be an absolute necessity for their CoCo. With alt this going
for it, is it surprising that more than 90 percent of THE RAINBOW
subscribers renew their subscriptions?
We're willing to bet that, a year from now, you'll be doing the
same. For more information call (502) 228-4492. For credit card
orders only, you may call (800) 847-0309.
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Two great ways to bring
the Rainbow into your life
Rainbow on Tape
& Rainbow On Disk!
For more than four years now, tens of thousands of
RAINBOW readers have enjoyed the luxury of RAINBOW
ON TAPE. Each month our tape service subscribers receive
all the great programs from the pages of THE RAINBOW
(those over 20 lines long), without the trouble of having to
type them in.
Now, in addition to RAINBOW ON TAPE, there is
RAINBOW ON DISK — another great way to bring THE
RAINBOW into your life.
Each month, all you do is pop the tape into your cassette
player or the disk into your drive. No more lost weekends
typing, typing, typing. As soon as you read an article about
a program in THE RAINBOW, it's ready to load and run.
No work. No wait.
Yes, you could type the programs in yourself, as many
people do. But all of them? Every month? There simply isn't
enough time.
Just think how your software library will grow. With your
first year's subscription, you'll get almost 250 new pro-
grams: games, utilities, business programs, home applica-
tions — the full spectrum of THE RAINBOW'S offerings
without the specter of keying in page after page of listings
and then debugging. And, with RAINBOW ON DISK, you'll
also get all the OS-9 programs.
RAINBOW ON TAPE and RAINBOW ON DISK — as
we've said before, they're the "meat" of THE RAINBOW at
a price that's "small potatoes." And now you even have a
choice about how it should be served up to you.
To get your first heaping helping, just fill out and return
the attached reply card. No postage necessary.
Drive 0 and 1 269' 5
One double sided drive with doubler board and new RS
controller so you can have the equivalent of 2 drives in
one. You can even backup from 0 to 1 . Works with all
CoCo's. Compatible w/RS DOS. No special operating
system needed.
EPSON® LX-80 PRINTER 239 95
The logical choice for your CoCo! 80 column, 100 CPS
in draft mode, 16 CPS in near letter quality mode, IK
Buffer, compatible with CoCo max. 1 year warranty*
LX-80 Tractor Feed 27.95. Serial to parallel converter
starting at only 49.95.
*We are authorized Epson* Sales and Service
Both our drive 0 and 1 in one case, with cable and R.S. instructions, screwdriver required. Please specify either
controller. The best just got better! . catalog #26-3129 or 26-3131 when ordering.
SUPER DRIVE SALE
Special prices on new first quality disk drives. They even have GOLD connectors on the back. . . Some other places charge 229.00 for
dr. 1 and 299.00 for dr. 0, not us! Drive 1 is I, Second Color Computer drive, or external mod IQ, IV. Drive 1 just plugs into the extra
connectoron your Drive 0 cable. Both drives are compatible with any version of the Color Computer and all versions of drives. Drive 0
is your first Color Computer drive and comes complete with cable, manual, andR.S. controller. Bare full hgt SSDD drive only 79.95.
THE COMPUTER CENTER
901-761-4565, 5512 Poplar, Memphis, TN 38119
Add $4.90 for shipping and handling— Visa, MC & money orders accepted, No CODs
Allow an additional 3 weeks for personal checks— Drive faceplates may vary slightly
Prices subject to change without notice. Radio Shack is a registered trademark of Tandy Corporation
Prices subject to change without notice.
!" I J || \ I^IIIIWH l I ll
■■ ■tf.lM I pii !■ i 'mii-iii
-RTTY for the
Color Computer
By Marty Goodman
This article and the accompany-
ing program provide a simple,
practical means of using the
Radio Shack Color Computer to send
and receive RTTY information. Non-
licensed radio enthusiasts may find the
article and the program of some inter-
est, although most of the commercial
international radio text transmissions
are sent via microwave and satellite.
Indeed, outside of RTTY encountered
on the Ham bands, most RTTY trans-
missions in the HF bands consist of
encrypted material.
What Is RTTY?
RTTY is a very old means of encod-
ing text information for transmission
over the radio. The version most com-
monly used encodes a 1 (mark) as a
2125-Hz tone and a 0 (space) as a 2295-
Hz tone. This encoding is then used to
Martin H. Goodman, M.D., a physi-
cian trained in anesthesiology, is a
longtime electronics tinkerer and out-
spoken commentator — sort of the
Howard Co sell of the Co Co world.
Marty is the database manager of rain-
bow's Co Co SIG on Delphi. His non-
computer passions include running,
mountaineering and outdoor photo-
graphy. Marty lives in San Pablo,
California.
make up characters consisting of five
bits each. This five-bit code is the
Baudot code, an early predecessor of
the present-day, seven-bit ASCII code.
Five bits allow for coding only 32
different characters, but one of those
codes is a shift character, which can be
used in conjunction with other charac-
ters to get a somewhat greater range of
characters. Still, only uppercase letters,
the numbers, and a limited number of
punctuation marks are allowable.
The version of RTTY implemented
here can send and receive at 45.45 Baud
(60 words per minute).
This may seem slow to those accus-
tomed to 300, 1200 or 2400 Baud mod-
ems, but it is faster than many folks can
type. More important, it is sufficiently
slow that it results in more reliable
transmission over radio than even
machine generated and received Morse
code. Thus, while the RTTY protocol is
quite old and slow, and while this
program is a fairly limited implementa-
tion of it, it still has real practical value
to radio amateurs.
Program Characteristics
The program to be presented is a
simple one. Many desirable features,
such as backspace in the transmit
buffer, saves to disk, and transmitting
of a previously prepared text file, have
not be implemented. Macro 80C Source
code for the program will be available
in the Data Communications area on
Delphi, so that assembly language
programmers may enhance it as they
please. The program supports only the
slowest Baud rate for RTTY transmis-
sion. However, this program allows you
to type at the keyboard and have RTTY
tones transmitted out the gray (Aux)
plug line of the cassette port on the
CoCo. RTTY tones are received from
a high frequency receiver into the zero
crossing detector of the cassette port
(black, Earplug).
When an RTTY signal is received,
owners of older shortwave receivers
need to adjust their variable BFO until
the tuning indicator on the RTTY
program's screen shows they have ad-
justed the tones to the right frequency.
Reception in such cases is greatly en-
hanced if a narrow band audio pass
filter is used to filter the output of your
HF receiver. Such a pass filter should
be constructed to pass very narrow
bands centered on the two tone frequen-
cies, 2125 and 2295 Hz. Some HF
receivers come with a built-in RTTY
filter centered on 2200 Hz. If such a
feature is available, it should be used.
Owners of newer digital receiver equip-
ment will not have a variable BFO, but
may be able to get by using an IF shift
control that is often provided, com-
bined with a 200-Hz IF filter if that is
available.
36 THE RAINBOW November 1 986
Hardware Setup
The output of your receiver is fed into
;he cassette input of the CoCo. As
loted, a narrow pass audio filter greatly
mproves performance. If your audio
output is more than a volt peak to peak,
/ou might want to use dual diodes (as
llustrated in the WEFAX interface in
:he February 1985 RAINBOW) as a volt-
age limiter. Your transmitter's micro-
phone input is fed from the CoCo
cassette output port. You may need to
use a 100K ohm resistor in series with
this signal, and /or a IK to 1 OK ohm
resistor in parallel with it, in order to
match the impedance and amplitude of
the CoCo cassette output to your trans-
mitter's microphone input. The cassette
motor relay jack is used to key your
transmitter. This is all exactly as was the
case with the WEFAX program and
Graphicom SSTK
Using the Program
Type in (or obtain via rainbow on
TAPE, or download from the Delphi
RAINBOW ON TAPE database topic area)
the program RTTY.BAS that follows.
Now run the program. This program
pokes its data into memory, and creates
the machine language program
RTTY. BIN. It then allows you to save
that program. Now load tht RTTY. BIN
program, and type EXEC.
The screen clears. You see the tuning
meter in the left part of the first line on
the screen. There is a black cursor at the
left side of this tuning meter. When
receiving RTTY signals, adjust your
receiver so that the black cursor is
flipping back and forth between both
sides of the tuning meter area, thereby
centering the output frequency of your
receiver to around 2200 Hz. Three lines
up from the bottom of the screen you
see the bright yellow receive cursor. This
cursor moves as text is received. You
will be able to see up to thirteen, 32-
column lines of received text on the
screen before it scrolls off the top of the
screen. The second to last line of the
screen shows the transmit cursor in dark
red (black if you are using a mono-
chrome monitor on your CoCo). You
have two lines of screen in which to see
what you have typed. RTTY is used in
simplex, and the two parties talking
must take turns.
RTTY BIN for the CoCo starts up in
receive mode. Pressing the CLEAR key
toggles it from receive mode to transmit
mode and back again. While you are in
receive mode, you can still type on the
keyboard, and what you type will be
saved in a buffer, to be transmitted
when you switch over to transmit mode.
The BREAK key clears out any material
in the transmit buffer that has not yet
been sent.
RTTY.BIN recognizes, in addition to
the 26 capital letters of the alphabet and
the 10 numerical digits 1 through 0, the
following punctuation marks: carriage
return-line feed pair, space and ! " # $
&'()-;:,./?
The program also supports a BEL
character, which is received as an up-
arrow character to the screen, and
transmitted by pressing the up-arrow
key. There is no provision for a back-
space under Baudot code.
Notes on the Program
Like the SSTV routines in Graphi-
com, and the WEFAX program,
RTTY.BIN depends on the use of
tightly coded timing loops for its ability
to send and receive signals essentially
without external hardware. Such code
has to be carefully written so all
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DYNACALC
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P51 MUSTANG
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MASTER DESIGN
$24.95
WORLDS OF FLIGHT
$26.95
$29.35
TELEWRITER 64
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$49.95
DRAGON SLAYER
$23.95
SUPER SCREEN MACHINE
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24 HOUR SHIPPING
November 1986 THE RAINBOW 37
branches in the receive or transmit
portions take exactly the same, and
exactly the right number, of machine
cycles. The signal is received and pro-
cessed by looking for zero crossings and
precisely timing the period of each
audio cycle received. Neither interrupts
nor timers are used. Even CoCo 3
programmers are now discovering that
this technique of tight machine loops
for timing can actually work better than
using interrupts and timers, for less
machine time is wasted stacking stuff
and returning from unneeded inter-
rupts.
This sort of code cannot be written
under OS-9 or any other interrupt-
using, multi-user or multi-tasking sys-
tem. It is strictly for use in dedicated
applications, where the entire machine's
resources are servicing only one task.
This approach to coding cannot be used
on the IBM PC XT or AT (8088/8086-
type machines) nor on the Atari 520 ST
or 1040 ST. On the Atari 68000 ST
systems, machine cycles are stolen
unpredictably from the processor in
order to service the video (contention
type DMA for video) instead of the
regularly interleaved video DMA used
on the CoCo 1, 2 and 3. On the 8088/
8086 processors, there is internal buffer-
ing of instructions that makes cycle
execution times a nightmare to calcu-
late. On the CoCo, cycles are share
regularly (every other cycle) betwee
the video and the 6809. Therefore
machine language loops can be cor
structed to take up a precise amount c
time. The Color Computer is an ides
machine for this sort of application
considering its great power, its built-ii
zero crossing detector, and its moderat
cost.
Anyone attempting to modify thi
program should be careful. If you d<
not take great pains to keep all th<
execution times on the loops of cod<
exact, modified versions will either no
work at all or their performance will b<
degraded. C
210 .
904 .
914 .
922 .
931 .
END
222
.74
83
206
..12
112
T
The listing: RTTY
10 REM THIS PROGRAM IS PUBLIC DO
MAIN, BY N6LQV
20 PCLEAR4
30 CLS
40 PRINT" RADIO TELETYPE TRANS
CEIVER"
50 PRINTSTRING$(32,"-") ;
60 PRINT
10 PRINT"NOW GENERATING MACHINE
LANGUAGE"
80 PRINT
90 PRINT "PLEASE WAIT. . . "
100 ST=&HE00:AD=ST:LI=9J30
110 READA$,CS
120 IF A$="X" THEN 200
130 FOR 1=1 TO 64 STEP 2
140 A=VAL("SH"+MID$(A$,I,2) )
150 POKE AD,A:CS=CS-A:AD=AD+1
160 NEXT
170 IF CS THEN PRINT "DATA ERROR
IN LINE"; LI: END
180 PRINT@174,938-LI
190 LI=LI+l:GOTO 110
200 IF PEEK(&HCj3j3j3)=68 AND PEEK(
&HCJ301)=75 THEN B$=»DISK" ELSE B
$="TAPE"
210 PRINT© 9 6, "PROGRAM IS NOW IN
MEMORY AND"
220 PRINT "READY TO BE SAVED. INS
ERT ";B$
230 LINEINPUT"AND PRESS ENTER " ;
A$
240 IF B$="DISK" THEN 280
250 CSAVEM"RTTY",ST,AD-1,CS
260 LINEINPUT"PRESS ENTER TO SAV
E AGAIN ";A$
270 GOTO 250
280 SAVEM"RTTY/BIN",ST,AD-1,CS
290 END
900 DATACC343CF7FFJ31B7FFJ33B7FF21
F7FF231A5J3J3F42CCFEF8DD4J38E12DADD
44DD46DD,4625
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This applies to everyone except those whose
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38 THE RAINBOW November 1 986
tl^Mitsuba 1200 Modem
A perfect clone of the popular (and
expensive) Hayes modem. The fea-
tures include 1200 baud or 300 baud
ope rati on, di rect connect, tou c h
tone :or " '-pi tii s'^ r : ; cj f ^li^^^f ijjll^ojp; ''li=6iif
duplex, speaker alert to busy signal,
and complete compatibility with the
Hayes Smartmodem 1200.
CoCo cable $25.00 Modem $169.00
Compare our Universal Video
Plus to any other interface, and
we are confident that you will
find ours to be a superior
product.
• -The Universal Video Plus works
with every CoCo, Easy-to-
follow, clear instructions are
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• All cables (audio and video)
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buy extenders or extra cables
: as required by other drivers.
• Heavy duty construction,
evidenced by sturdy leads
and connectors.
Shielded audi#^Bd video
cables insure ff\^^ 0^ra
RF interference is introduced
from the Universal Video
Plus. K/'r/''
The adjustment ^pq| . on the
Universal Video Plus makes it
easy to optimize the video
signal for each computer.
You don't have ^ modify
your computer teg^t Si;-
good display. :<j£^jr ^ " :
Our advanced design gives
the highest qualify display.
Installation is easy. There is
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$34.95
Monochrome Monitor
The 20 mhz band width, 800 line reso-
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Bio Detector
Biofeedback &
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Learn the art of relaxation
through biofeedback — or
use the sa me device for
party fun as a lie detector
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A included. The Bio Detector
works through silver finger
sensors attached to the Bio
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port. Your galvanic skin response is plotted in
hires color graphics and sound. Learn stress
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fun as well. All hardware, software, and
K instructions are included.
Requires 16K $24.95
Call or Write to:
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901 DATA480F4A0F4B8E12029F4E9F5F
0F530F588E0400CE12B2A6C0A7808C04
2025F7CC,2970
902 DATA6060ED818C060025F98E05E0
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5A2A0A20E25C2B022003CC007FD7564F
06550359,3207
907 DATADD598305202406AC01AC0120
D3DD598605975BCC0013975697578D40
4FD655D3,3292
908 DATA59DD59830520240FDC558152
C900D7560C5712C61220E3DD59D65658
01570650,3320
909 DATA0A5B26CFAC94C6088D124FD6
55D359DD5983029025EE965C44444439
8D4C4FD3,3581
910 DATA59DD59CC00028D42CB028D3A
CB028D36D755C059502B022003CC0000
C10F2202,2805
911 DATA2003CC000FD15826063D3DAC
8B20138E0410A68584BFA7859658D758
E686CA40 / 3334
912 DATAE78617012639AC01AC018601
5CC1602504A1012005B5FF2027F25CC1
602504A1 / 2918
913 DATA012005B5FF2026F2398E0405
CE12D2A6C0A7808C040D25F7CC343CF7
FF21B7FF/3811
914 DATA018602B7FF200F590F5A9E46
9C442724CC0F61DD518605975BE6809F
46D75C5F,3331
915 DATA8D54AC94CC00085A26FD045C
8D480A5B26F2EC9B3DAC8BCC15ACDD51
53803796,3719
916 DATA5326C7CC343CB7FF21F7FF01
8E0405CE12B7A6C0A7808O040D25F739
B6FF208A,3926
917 DATA02B7FF20862A975039B6FF20
84FDB7FF20862797503924048DE22004
8DEB2000,3572
918 DATA801D4A26FDB6FF2088FCB7FF
' 20D6504FD359DD59935124088D0F9650
802320E2,3911
919 DATADD5939AO943DAO0139964226
7 CDC40 C037498A0124022003 CCFEF8 DD
408E0152,3388
920 DATA3AB7FF02B6FF008A801F89E8
84E48421FEA7848607DD429E449C4626
C69C4826,4061
921 DATAC48E12DA9F469F489F443996
42263ADC40C037498A0124022003CCFE
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922 DATA01523AB7FF02B6FF008A801F
89E884E48426BEA78496414C27088B37
974121FE, 3738
923 DATA20818607DD4216FF7A4A9742
D641CB08D74 1044324758 67FB7FF02B6
FF008440,3607
924 DATA27058E124220058E127A2000
A685E6852B289E44984AD74A84 602609
C41FE780,2968
925 DATA3D21FE2012C5402604861B20
04861F2000C41FED81A1019F44399E44
5C260E96,2654
926 DATA4A8440974ACC0004E7803D20
EA5C260BCC0802A780ED81A18B20DC5C
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21FE3986,4321
929 DATA60A79F004C9F46CC0020D74B
399E489C442607CC000C5A2 6FD39A680
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930 DATAA6862B129E4CA7808C060024
139F4C86BFA784AC8B394C260F128660
A79F004C,3097
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12229F4EA101200B4C26078E12029F4E
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934 DATA7BFD8043594E49414D5A5446
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935 DATA80FF363733212A3035272638
2E3E2C2 33C3DFEFDFC80808080808043
594E4941,3059
936 DATA4D5A54464B4F525C4C485657
4A4550475E535D555125808080FF802D
31342980,2819
937 DATA3A2B2F32808080808039FEFD
FC808080808052545459 605245434549
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938 DATA6060604D41524B6D6D7E7C6D
6D53504143455452414E534D49540000
00000000,2263
939 DATAX,3584
ITS
40 THE RAINBOW November 1986
They're here!
All NEW
Products for the
CoCo 3!
Color Connection IV
by BJ Chambless
New features include 80 columns, higher baud rates, and
more! This is the most comprehensive modem package for
the CoCo 3. All standard protocols are supported including
CompuServe's Protocol B, XMODEM protocol, and
XON/XOFF. Full support of the auto answer/auto dial feature
for both Hayes compatible and some Radio Shack modems
Is provided. Single key macros allow easy entry of often-used
passwords and ID's with a single key stroke.
Requires 1 28K, CoCo 3, Disk $49.95
Color Scribe II
This great Word Processor can take full advantage of the 80
column display of the CoCo 3. Justification, Headers,
Footers, and Pagination make it perfect for letters and
documents as well as programming in BASIC, PASCAL, "C"
and Assembly Language. (A special option allows you to
disengage the formatter, allowing more free memory for
program editing.) Over 20 line editing commands include
capabilities like character insert and delete, skip over words,
breaking a line, and more! A complete, easy-to-understand
manual accompanies your disk. ,
Requires 1 28K, CoCo 3, Disk $49.95
The Magic of Zanth
by Scott Cabit
In the Land of Zanth, magic is commonplace. Dragons,
Griffins, Centaurs and Demons abound. You are sent on a
quest to discover the source of magic in the land of Zanth.
This intriguing adventure features over 2 dozen hi-res 16
color animated graphic screens, 4 voice music and sound
effects, and speech (when used with the Tandy SSC pak).
The 16 color, 320 x 192 graphics look great on either a
composite color monitor, an analog RGB monitor, or a
television.
Requires 126K, CoCo 3, Disk, (SSC pak optional) $34.95
Return of Junior's Revenge
by BJ Chambless
This is the same Junior you've seen in the Kong arcade
series, but with new CoCo 3 graphics. This tireless little
monkey must overcome all sorts of obstacles (4 screens
worth) to rescue his father. The King, from the mean
zookeeper. He will traverse the jungle and swamp, climb
vines, avoid chompers and birds, open locks and more
before he finally meets with his big daddy. The 16 color, 320
x 192 graphics are superb on either a composite color
monitor, an analog RGB monitor, or a television.
Requires 128K, CoCo 3, Disk $34.95
Call or write for our NEW fall/winter catalog
It's filled with special prices and coupons for extra savings
By the time you read this ad . . .
. . . even more products will be
available for the new CoCo 3.
. . . many OS-9 products will be
to run on OS-9 Level 2.
Order your FREE catalog today!!!
Introductory Special
$3.00 off any order for CoCo 3 Software
offer expires November 30, 1986
Call or Write to:
COMPUTERWARE * ,6,9 » 43635,2
Box 668 • Enclnltas, CA • 92024
Name _
Address
City
State
Zip
Yesl Send me your FREE catalog I CoCo □
VISA MasterCard
Card # Exp.
Signature
Item
Format
Price
Shipping
Surface — $2 minimum.
2% for orders over SI 00
Air or Canada — $5 minimum
5% for orders over $100
6% Calif. Sales Tax
COD Add $5
Shipping*
TOTAL
[ Checks are dejayedfor bank dearance^ j
PACKET RADIO
y ut worldwide communication right in your "packet
By Len Popyack
When was the last time you lost
sleep playing with your
CoCo? For me it has hap-
pened only twice — once when I bought
my computer back in 1981, and again
after I bought my Packet Radio inter-
face.
Have you ever thought about being
able to call up anyone's computer
system anywhere in the world, leave
them a message, transfer a program, or
simply chat with them — all for free? It
is possible to communicate digitally
with anyone via conventional toll tele-
phone lines, but you always have to pay
for it. It's also possible to communicate
with any other licensed amateur radio
operator (or his computer) using Packet
Radio,
What Is Packet Radio?
Packet Radio is a way in which any
Ham (slang for amateur radio operator)
with a Terminal Node Controller (TNC)
can send digital information to another
Ham with a TNC. The data is transmit-
Len Popyack holds a bachelor's degree
in electrical engineering and works as an
engineer for General Electric in Syra-
cuse, New York. Len enjoys developing
assembly language programs for the
Co Co. He is active in Amateur radio
and his call is KA2NYJ,
ted at 1 200 Baud and can be sent around
the country. When the data arrives at its
destination it is guaranteed to be error
free. What more could one ask for!
The device that allows the radio
transceiver to be connected to your
CoCo is called a Terminal Node Con-
troller. Most TNCs are actually self-
contained microcomputers. The TNC
allows you to connect to another TNC
by commanding your TNC to make the
connection, similar to the way you
command the telephone company to
connect you to another number by
dialing the number.
Amateur radio packet communica-
•
Buffalo Rochester
Bus Depot Bus Depot
tion actually got started in Canada
about 1978. The Canadian government
issued a special digital communications
license, and packets of data were soon
heard in Canada.
It wasn't until November of 1981 that
the US amateurs got organized to
develop a TNC that could be sold at a
low cost. The organization formed was
the Tucson Amateur Packet Radio
Corporation (TAPR). Many dedicated
engineers and programmers from
around the country worked together in
TAPR to design a low-cost TNC.
Other amateur groups, such as the
Amateur Radio Research and Develop-
ment Corporation (AMRAD), Ama-
teur Radio Satellite Corporation
(AMSAT) and the American Radio
Relay League (ARRL) took part in
packet radio's early development.
To get a feel for what packets are and
how they are used, imagine a bus loaded
with people. On the front of this bus is
Utica Albany
Bus Depot Bus Depot
a sign displaying its destination. This
bus is the packet and the people inside
are data.
The bus originated at a bus station,
say Buffalo, and its destination is Al-
bany (see Figure 1)* The bus only has
a limited amount of fuel, so it must
make stops at Rochester and Utica for
Figure 1: Packets are similar to buses on an interstate highway.
In this example, a bus is traveling to Albany from Buffalo.
November 1986 THE RAINBOW 43
refueling and to check that all the
passengers arrived safely and comforta-
bly.
The front of the bus is the packet
header, the road is a communication
channel and each bus station is a node
(see Figure 2). Each packet originates at
a node and may stop at a few nodes for
error checking and re-transmission to
the next node (similar to refueling the
bus). The channel (road) is a radio link.
This link connects each node to another.
By transmitting packets from node to
node, one can transfer data from Buf-
falo to Albany as easily as transferring
data across town by conventional
phone modems.
During the course of a digital com-
munication, your TNC sends many
s
Y
Pin ht— Hit Hinarv/
CiyilL UIL Ullldiy
Pa rkpt
Qv/n p
N
or ASCII data
Header
Byte
C
Data
Packet Header Contains:
Control information
Destination station
Originating station
Digipeater list
CRC word
Other control data
Figure 3: Expanded view of a packet
DATA
Radio
Link
Radio
Link
Buffalo
Node
(originator)
Rochester
Node
Utica
Node
Albany
Node
(destination)
Figure 2: A packet of data is being transmitted from Buffalo to Albany
via a node in Rochester and a node in Utica.
packets of data along the path, from
node to node, until the packets reach the
destination. A packet contains the data
you type on your CoCo, along with
information that each TNC uses to
decide where to send your data (see
Figure 3). Additional information in
each packet is used for error checking
and other packet network information.
The nice thing is that your TNC takes
care of all the "dirty work." You simply
tell it who to establish a connection with
and through which nodes.
A node is a TNC and a radio which
is left on. Every packet station can act
as a node, receiving and re-transmitting
packets to other nodes. A single node
can be used by many users at the same
time. In other words, your node may be
part of many different connections (see
Figure 4). You may also be using your
TNC to talk to another computer while
someone uses your TNC as part of his
connection path. The TNC takes care of
it all. The connection placed through
your node remains transparent to you.
Usually, amateurs tend to use a node
with a wide coverage (i.e., capable of
receiving and transmitting to a large
area). These nodes generally consist of
an amateur station with a TNC, a radio
and sometimes a computer left on.
These "super nodes" are referred to as
digipeaters.
Because of the frequency of operation
where packet communications takes
place (145 MHz 2-meter band), the
radio signals have a range of about "line
of sight." This limitation dictates high-
elevation digipeaters (for a greater line
of sight). Most digipeaters are located
on mountains or where the elevation of
the terrain is the highest for a given area
(see Figure 5). Digipeaters in my area
(New York state) typically have ranges
from about 50 to 100 miles.
One nice thing about Packet Radio is
you can use up to eight nodes (digipeat-
ers) to establish the communication
path you want. These nodes don't have
to be digipeaters per se, but may be local
nodes.
Now that you know what a digipeater
is (actually just another node), I'll throw
a new twist into the digital communica-
tion network; gateways. A gateway is a
means of access to another location
other than the conventional node-to-
node link. A gateway could be a high-
speed link from the eastern U.S. to the
west. It could also be a slow-speed link
from east to west.
Think of a gateway as a node that
looks to you as being in your area, but
links you to a similar gateway at a
location very far away (see Figure 6).
The actual radio link between gateways
can be a variety of communication
types. The gateway could be a slow-
speed (300 Baud), high-frequency link
(Figure 7a), a high-speed, land-based
K20UT
K2BUD
W2HER
KA2ME
Figure 4: Your TNC may be used as part of other people's connection
path. You may also use your TNC to communicate (blue) to another
Ham while others use your TNC to rebroadcast their packets.
44 THE RAINBOW November 1986
Figure 5: Because of the Earth's curvature, digipeaters are usually
located at high locations. Station A can send packets to Station B using
Digipeater-1.
communication channel (Figure 7b), or
even a satellite link (Figure 7c).
As mentioned before, the Terminal
Node Controller which you connect
your CoCo to (via an RS-232 cable) is
actually a small computer. The TNC has
a microprocessor, RAM, ROM and 1/
O. The TNC consists of four functional
parts: the TNC computer, the TNC
1200 Baud modem, the TNC-to-Color
Computer interface and the TNC ROM
software.
The TNC computer uses a small
eight-bit microprocessor. The MJF-
1200 uses a Z80. The Heathkit model
HD-4040 uses a 6809. Whichever mi-
croprocessor is used, the TNC performs
the same basic functions. The user
interface is what really matters.
All TNCs have a 1200 Baud modem
built into them. This modem produces
an analog signal from your CoCo's
digital signal and vice versa. The TNC-
to-CoCo interface is usually made via
an RS-232 link. Run your terminal
program and the TNC looks just like
your phone modem — almost.
When you connect to the TNC via the
CoCo, you actually communicate with
the TNCs computer. Most software
built into the TNC computer follows the
TARP standard. This standard is
simply a set of commands used to tell
the TNC to connect and disconnect to
another node in the network. There are
also commands to tell the TNC to
perform a host of other tasks. Among
them are telling the TNC to monitor all
received packets, displaying and setting
the time of day, sending beacon text,
and far too many more to list here. For
a good introduction to Packet Radio see
Jim Grubbs' book, Get *** CON-
NECTED to Packet Radio.
There is as much available on Packet
Radio as there are nodes to connect to.
Packet Bulletin Board Services (PBBS)
are popular. A typical PBBS covers a
wide geographical area and allows
message transfers from one PBBS to the
next. If you could not connect to your
buddy who is several states away, you
might leave him an electronic mail
message at his local PBBS. How does
it get there? Simple. You connect to
your local PBBS, leave him the message
and direct the message to be sent to your
friend's PBBS. During the early morn-
ing hours, your message will be trans-
ferred from PBBS to PBBS via the
Packet Radio network!
I should mention that almost all the
PBBSs run the same software
( WORLI). This frees you from learning
the ins and outs of a new PBBS every-
time you connect to a different one.
Some PBBSs have gateway functions
that allow you to "hop" from one
network to another (or, more appro-
priately, one frequency to another).
Where Is Packet Going From Here?
The new Japanese Amateur Satellite
Number One (JAS-1), scheduled to be
launched in August 1986, will allow
packeters to transfer messages world-
wide with only a 120 minute delay. JAS-
1 will be a message store and forward
system. JAS-1 will also allow packets to
be sent in real time (ideal for chatting
to friends around the globe).
High-speed, land-based gateways will
allow many local networks to commu-
nicate to distant networks easily. A
public Packet Radio network has also
been proposed (FCC rule making RM-
5241). The future of packet radio is
looking very active! If you are a licensed
Ham (Technician class or higher), give
it a try. If you are a would-be Ham, get
out the code practice tapes and the
CoCo Morse code simulator software
and get going. You might try contacting
a local Ham and ask him to give, you a
demonstration of Packet Radio. I'm
sure that's all it will take to keep you
awake nights . . . look at me! /R\
145.01 MH 145.05 MH 145.05 MHz 145.01MHz
01-05 Gateway A 01-05 Gateway B
Figure 6: A gateway is two nodes at one location that pass packets from
one frequency to another (or one network to another).
Figure 7: Gateway lints: A) Slow-speed, high-frequency link; B) High-
speed microwave data link; C) Satellite data link.
November 1 986 THE RAINBOW 45
One Character
Space at a Time
By Joseph Kolar
Rainbow Contributing Editor
A the proud possessor of a
working, original model,
04K expanded to 16K ECB,
cassette-based CoCo, I am constantly
struck with the simplicity, power and
versatility of Mr. CoCo.
No matter how intriguing monster-
sized keyboards are, how wide the color
selections, how many function keys and
other goodies to press may beckon, I
have a tendency to return to the amaz-
ing CoCo. The keyboard is so clutter-
free and businesslike that whatever
perceived or imagined short-comings
there may be, it is a joy for the recruit
as well as the veteran CoCo nut to sit
down and tickle the keys.
Just as a fledgling pilot learns to fly
in a Piper Cub rather than a Lear Jet,
so, too, will a newcomer learn best from
a simple-to-manage computer, rather
than an intelligence-insulting, icon-
loaded moron machine with a zillion K
memory.
In the last tutorial, we worked with
LEFTS, RIGHTS and MID$, displaying
complete words or lines of print on the
screen. The theme for today's lesson is
Florida-based Joseph Kolar is a veter-
an writer and programmer and special-
izes in introducing beginners to the
powers of CoCo.
one character/ space at a time. Practi-
cally every bit of text will be displayed
on the screen one character/ space at a
time.
This means we shall use a variable in
every LEFTS, RIGHTS and MIDS state-
ment instead of a constant numeric
value (the last value within the paren-
theses).
You may notice that I am very uni-
maginative and use the string variable,
R$, repeatedly. CoCo has a tendency to
search out and select the last instance of
a variable in a listing at the point where
it is operating, so this presents no
problem. You may prefer to use a
different variable in each instance.
Look at Listing 1, which is broken
down into segments. Lines 0, 160, 340,
540 and 650 begin the five segments.
The GOSUB routine at Line 1000 is used
to flesh out the first segment. Since it
isn't essential, it was relegated to the end
of the listing.
Key in Listing 1 and run it. Not being
too clever, I decided to print a heading
with my daughter's name and address.
But being egocentric, guess who's name
I printed? Quick as a flash, it struck me
that it was wrong. CoCo got cranky and
showed me up with the flashing GOSUB
1000 routine. So, chastised, my name
was peeled off, one letter at a time.
However, I would not give up center
stage. I insinuated my name at the
center just like a ham and, having
upstaged one and all, strode off the
screen.
My daughter's name was printed at
the heading, one letter at a time, but
rolled up and off the screen. At this
point, her husband, Jimy (sic), flashed
his name on one letter at a time. How-
ever, she was indignant and push came
to shove and his name was removed to
be triumphantly replaced by her own,
which was my original idea. Whew!
Now that you know the story, let's get
a more detailed explanation. LEFTS,
RIGHTS, MIDS and LEN were utilized to
create all these interesting effects. List
Line 100. It was decided to print the
lines simultaneously, one letter at a
time. The three lines were put into
respective strings and assigned varia-
bles. To accomplish the goal, a loop, T,
was created to loop enough times to
place all three lines, including the
longest, on the screen. LEN(RS) was
used as a counter. However, C$, was the
longest line. The number of characters/
spaces in fi$, since it was chosen as the
counter, had to be greater than or equal
to those in C$. This was done simply,
but effectively, by adding enough blank
spaces into the AS string, so that it
46 THE RAINBOW November 1986
vould be a 'bit longer than the length of
PRINTS locations were guesstimated
m the first three screen rows, to be
idjusted as required. LEFT$(fl$,T)
nstructed CoCo to start from the left
side of the string, R$, and print a letter,
designated by T, at location 10. Then
-EFTS ( B$ , T ) told CoCo to put the first
letter, '0', at 40, and LEFTS (C$,T) to
put the 0th letter, *S\ at 70. A tiny pause
followed and then CoCo put on the next
trio of letters, where T equals one.
Rather than give you a possibly
confusing burst of verbiage, edit Line 90
so 51 becomes 510 and run. Study this
slowed down version carefully and
rerun it until you can see what is what.
Notice how efficiently CoCo tacked on
each batch of characters.
In LEFTS (A$,T), T is an ever-
increasing single digit number aug-
mented by 1. Try adding STEP2 to Line
5, and run. A jerky presentation results
when T equals two characters.
This is an unusual way to produce a
three-line heading that you may want to
save. A little pizazz goes a long way!
Note that Line 100 could have been
zapped and Line 90 could have ended
in Z , T. It is not as qasy to see the outer
loop, T. There is no law saying that you
must compress or multiple-statement-
line your program to death. Remember,
when you run your program, you don't
see the listing. You'll never see the
debris, such as Line 105, if you forget
to kill it.
For the purpose of instruction, the
rule for this tutorial is, "one statement
— one program line," except for the
FDR/ NEXT pause loops.
You will notice a lot of lines like Line
101, which are repeated in this listing
and the next one. The programs really
cry for G0SUB routines and, when you
finalize your programs, you may prefer
to make appropriate changes.
Restore Line 90 to 51 and drop the
5TEP2 from Line 5. List Line 105. We
pause, have a short trip to the "wrong"
G0SUB routine, and then return for
another pause. Now delete Line 105.
Run it to make sure it was a fossil.
Now, look at the routine in lines 1000
on. What we want to do is flash on
"wrong" and blank it out 10 times with
a small pause in each loop and then
return to continue the tutorial.
My favorite name was replaced by
wrong !. Notice that a few spaces were
prefixed to wrong!. It was not neces-
sary to suffix any because without an
ending semicolon, the rest of the line
would be blanked out by CoCo. The
blanking line could just as easily begin
at Location 10, rather than stingy 13,
(Line 1020) to match Line 1009.
Make it a point to try all the minor
alternates to see for yourself. Suppose
you deleted up to NEXT in lines 1010 and
1030? What would Line 1040 look like?
Not very stimulating. Better replace the
removed segments of the two lines.
Coming back from the subroutine,
we bump into another pause. The name
reappears only to be picked off quickly,
one letter at a time, beginning from the
left side.
List lines 110 to 150. LEN(fl$) was
assigned a variable. To see what the
value is, run it and press BREAK when
the name is in process of being deleted
from the screen. Type PRINT L and press
ENTER. Now you know! The reason you
must press BREAK while you are in the
target area where L is being processed,
is that the variable L is used later for
other strings, and you might easily pass
over into one of those areas and pick up
the value of the wrong L.
Itching to try out RIGHTS? Note lines
120 and 130, where everything appears
it
Listing 1: HERDING
0 "LISTING1"
10 CLS
20 A$=" JOSEPH KOLAR
30 B$="824 NE 56TH ST.
40 C$=" SEATTLE, WASHINGTON"
50 FOR T= 0 TO LEN(A$)
60 PRINT@10, LEFT$(A$,T)
70 PRINT@40,LEFT$(B$,T)
80 PRINTQ70, LEFT$(C$,T)
9)3 FOR Z= 1 TO 51: NEXT
100 NEXT
101 FOR Z= 1 TO 500: NEXT
102 GOSUB 1000
1)34 FOR X= 1 TO 500: NEXT
1)35 Z$=A$
110 L=LEN (A$)
120 FOR A=L TO 0 STEP-1
13)3 PRINTS 30-A, " "RIGHT$ (A$ , A)
140 FOR B=l TO 51: NEXT
150 NEXTA
160 '***
210 A$=" JOSEPH KOLAR"
220 L-LEN (A$)
230 FOR A=0 TO L
240 PRINT@214-A,LEFT$(A$,A)
250 FOR B=l TO 200: NEXT
260 NEXT A
300 FOR A=L TO 0 STEP-1
310 PRINT@202,RIGHT$(A$,A)
320 FOR B=l TO 200: NEXT
330 NEXT $fclf
340
400 A$=" BETTY ANN WHITE"
410 FOR T= 0 TO LEN(A$)
420 PRINT@8,LEFT$(A$,T)
430 FOR Z= 1 TO 50: NEXT
440 NEXT
450 FOR Z~ 1 TO 500: NEXT
490 L=LEN(A$)
500 FOR A~L TO 0 STEP-1
510 'PRINT@8,RIGHT$(A$,A)
511 PRINT@8,LEFT$(A$,A)
520 FOR B=l TO 200: NEXT
530 NEXT A
535 FOR Z= 1 TO 500: NEXT
54)3 i***
600 A$="JIMY OWEN WHITE"
605 PRINT@8,A$
606 FOR Z-l TO 200: NEXT
610 FOR T« LEN ( A$ ) TO 0 STEP-1
620 PRINT@8 , LEFT$ (A$,T)
630 FOR X= 1 TO 200: NEXT
640 NEXT
November 1986 THE RAINBOW 47
to be backward. RIGHT$(A$,A) can be
defined similarly to LEFT$(fl$, A),
where RIGHTS (fi$,fl) signifies that in
the string A$, beginning from the right
end, count A characters.
We expect to use RIGHTS to put on
the characters, A, one at a time (5TEP-
1). Note carefully, if we are using
RIGHTS in Line 120, 0 is the rightmost
character, proceeding letter after letter *
5TEP-1, until the leftmost character L
is reached.
In effect, we are using RIGHTS from
left to right exactly opposite from the
way it is ordinarily used to mimic
LEFTS's action.
In order to find our PRINTS location
for the first letter, 30 -A (the last char-
acter is the first to be removed), the
character is removed by the blank
space, and RIGHTS ( AS , A ) tells
CoCo which A value is to be blanked
out.
It might be wise to change 51 to 510
in Line 140 to see this operation proceed
slowly. To visualize it more readily,
temporarily add the line 132
PRINT@0,A;. Since the AS string is in
Line 20, it contains the extra blanks
which are harmless and go unnoticed.
Now run your work.
To make RIGHTS pull it from the
rightmost position to the leftmost, mask
Line 130 with a REM. Add the line 131
PRINT09, " "+RIGHT$(A$,A). Run it
and delete Line 132.
Did you note that Line 130 removed
the name one letter at a time going from
right to left, and Line 131 pulled the
letters away through a single location,
9, one at a time?
Now, we can get silly. Mask lines 120
and 131. Unmask Line 130. Add 121
FOR A = TO L and run. This displays the
line one letter at a time, last letter first,
working leftward.
Finally, mask Line 130 and unmask
Line 131. Can you guess what will
happen? Run it and see.
The line was pushed backward, out of
the hole at location 9. Change 510 back
to 51 in Line 140. Forget about these
last two cockeyed presentations —
unmask lines 120 and 130 and either
mask or delete lines 121 and 131.
List lines 210 to 330. In Line 210, we
changed string AS by looping off all the
trailing blank spaces (Line 20). We
assigned a variable, L, to the length of
AS. In a loop, using LEFTS, we pulled
the name out of a hole, Location 214,
and dragged it leftward until it was
completely displayed, pausing for z
reasonable time lapse to evoke i
smooth, banner-like motion.
Immediately, through the hole al
Location 202, we stuffed it down b>
using RIGHTS to maintain our leftward
direction, letter by letter, yntil the entire
name vanished down the rat hole.
You may want to return to this pari
of the program and pull it back out oi
the hole at Location 202, drag it right-
ward and bury it at Location 214. You
can do it! An answer is given at the end
of the tutorial.
List lines 400 to 535. AS is a new
string, which is placed on the screen
using LEFTS, beginning at Location 8.
T is incremented by +1 , from 0 up to the
value of the last letter of the string. After
a pause, it places each succeeding letter
in the next available space heading
rightward. A long pause sets the com-
pleted name in place. Then, assigning L
as the length of the string, from the last
letter back to the first, the name is rolled
up and off the screen using LEFTS (Line
511).
If Line 510 is unmasked and Line 51 1
is masked, using RIGHTS, the name is
removed by being pulled through the
hole at Location 8.
65)3 »***
700 A$="BETTY ANN WHITE"
71)3 FOR T=0 TO 15
720 PRINT@8,LEFT$(A$ / T)
730 FOR X=l TO 200: NEXT
74)3 NEXT T
750 GOTO 750
1000 1
1005 FOR X= 1 TO 10
1009 PRINT© 10 , " WRONG I "
1010 FOR Z= 1 TO 20: NEXT
1020 PRINT@13,» "
1030 FOR Z= 1 TO 20: NEXT
1040 NEXTX
1050 RETURN
Listing 2: HOMEWORK
0 '<LISTING2>
5 CLEAR 500
10 CLS
20 A$«"BETTY ANN WHITE"
30 B$="824 NE 56 ST.
40 C$="SEATTLE, WASHINGTON"
41 PRINT @ 8 , LEFT$ (A$ ,5) ; : FORZ=lTO
200 :NEXTZ
42 PRINT MID$(A$,6,5) ; :FORZ=l TO
200:NEXTZ
43 PRINTRIGHT$(A$,5)
44 FOR Z= 1 TO 500: NEXT
45 CLS
46 '***
47 A$="JOSEPH KOLAR "
50 FOR T= 0 TO LEN (A$)
60 PRINT@9, LEFT$(A$,T)
70 PRINT@41,LEFT$(B$,T)
80 PRINT@70, LEFT$(C$,T)
90 FOR Z= 1 TO 51: NEXT
100 NEXT
101 FOR Z= 1 TO 500: NEXT
102 GOSUB 2000
103 PRINT@9,A$
104 FOR Z- 1 TO 500: NEXT
110 L=LEN(A$)
120 FOR A=L TO 0 STEP-1
130 PRINT@30-A," "RIGHT$ (A$ , A)
140 FOR B^l TO 51: NEXT
150 NEXTA
160 1 ***
210 A$=" JOSEPH KOLAR'!
220 L=LEN(A$)
230 FOR A=0 TO L
240 PRINT@213-A," "+LEFT$ (A$ , A)
48 THE RAINBOW November 1986
TANDY.. Better Again."
The New
C olor Com puter 3
mmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmum JL » ■ iimn iihiiwihhiimi——
More colors, superb graphics,
greater power for only $ 219 95
Introducing Radio Shack's new-
est, most advanced version of our
famous Color Computer. The Color
Computer 3 (26-3334) is great for
small business and home applica-
tions such as education, program-
ming, budgets, word processing,
graphics, entertainment and more.
The powerful Color Computer 3
comes with 128K memory (expand-
able to 512K), giving you greater
programming and data processing
power. With an optional high-
resolution color monitor (like our
new CM-8), you can create razor-
sharp charts, graphs, or just-for-fun
doodles and sketches with a palette
of 64 brilliant colors. The special
graphics mode lets you paint
160 X 192 or 320 X 192 resolution
graphics using 16 colors, or
640 X 192 resolution with 4 colors.
The Color Computer 3's Ex-
tended BASIC features 21 new
commands that allow you to alter-
nate screens, colors, and back-
grounds at a higher resolution and
in a greater variety of colors than
any previous Color Computer.
Best of all, the new Color Com-
puter 3 is compatible with software
and accessories designed for the
Color Computer 2, including a li-
brary of educational, personal-
management and game programs.
And it's easy to expand with disk
drives, printer, modem, and more.
Visit your local Radio Shack to-
day for a demonstration!
Radio /hack
The Technology Store
A DIVISION OF TANDY CORPORATION
I
|
I
I
I
Send me an RSC-17 Catalog
Mail To: Radio Shack, Dept. 87-A-707
300 One Tandy Center, Fort Worth, TX 76102
Name
Address
City
ZIP
Phone
I
I
Price applies at Radio Shack Computer Centers and participating stores and dealers. Monitor, disk drives, Program Paks and printer sold separately.
"Push your
name in one
direction and
when it
vanishes, pull
out your
mate's name
from the rat
hole and shoot
it hack across
the screen."
List lines 600 to 640. The spot-
usurping spouse, using the same string
variable, R$, quickly slaps his name in
the slot. It doesn't take long to kick him
out of the area using LEFTS by pecking
away at his name going from right to
left. Note Line 610. It is equivalent in
form to lines 490 and 500 combined into
one program line. If it were in two lines,
it would read: G10 L= LEN ( PIS ) and Gil
FDR T=L TO 0 STEP-1.
Finally, triumphant, she put her
name firmly in the header slot in the
simplest manner by using the old faith-
ful Fi$ as the string variable containing
her name, counting the characters/
spaces in her name, putting them into
the FDR loop as T and using LEFTS,
placing it on the screen, beginning at
Location 7.
Here is a solution to the problem
mentioned before. Add lines:
331 FDR F)=0 TO L:PRINT@202, RIGHTS
(fl$,fl): FDR B=l TD 200: NEXT B,fl
332 FDR fl=L TO 0 STEP-1 : PRINTS
214-Fl," "LEFT$(fl$,fl) : FDR B=l TD
200: NEXTB,FI
If you have a problem, check lines 5 10
and 511 to see if the proper one is
unmasked. To produce a faster, re-
peated push-pull banner, add 200 FOR
C=l TO 10 and add , C to the end of Line
332.
In lines 250, 320, 331 and 332, change
the pause value from 200 to 50.
Here's an idea — push your name in
one direction and when it vanishes, pull
out your mate's name from the rat hole
and shoot it back across the screen. You
get a nice domestic quarrel effect.
Note that in some instances, as, in
lines 130 and 332, a blanking space was
required. Remove each and check out
the sorry state of affairs.
Listing 2 is a homework assignment.
It is one half of a demo program. Make
sure you save it on tape. The other half
will be a continuation of this listing. It
is similar to Listing 1 but not quite. It
is hoped that you crack open your
notebook and analyze the listing. If you
find any of the routines useful, you may
want to put them into your Reference
Notebook. □
250 FOR B=l TO 200: NEXT
260 NEXT A
270 FOR Z=1TO500:NEXT
300 FOR A=L TO 0 STEP-1
310 PRINT@202,RIGHT$(A$,A)
320 FOR B=l TO 200 : NEXT
330 NEXT A
340 i***
400 A$=» BETTY ANN WHITE"
410 FOR T= 0 TO LEN (A$)
420 PRINT@8,LEFT$(A$,T)
430 FOR Z» 1 TO 50: NEXT
440 NEXT
450 FOR Z= 1 TO 1000: NEXT
460 '***
490 L=LEN(A$)
500 FOR A=L TO 0 STEP-1
510 »PRINT@8,RIGHT$ (A$,A)
511 PRINT@8,LEFT$(A$,A)
520 FOR Z=l TO 200: NEXT
530 NEXT A
535 FOR Z= 1 TO 500: NEXT
540 I***
600 A$=*"JIMY OWEN WHITE"
605 PRINT@8,A$
606 FOR Z= 1 TO 500: NEXT
610 'FOR T= LEN ( A$ ) TO 0 STEP-1
611 FOR T=0 TO LEN (A$)
620 PRINT@8 , LEFT$ (A$ , T)
630 FOR X= 1 TO 200: NEXT
640 NEXT T
650 FOR Z=p TO 500: NEXT
660 '***
700 A$=" BETTY ANN WHITE"
710 FOR T=0 TO 15
720 PRINT@8,RIGHT$(A$,T)
730 FOR X=l TO 200: NEXT
740 NEXT T
750 FOR Z= 1 TO 500:NEXT
800 •***
810 B$="JIMY OWEN WHITE"
811 L=LEN(B$)
820 FOR A= 0 TO L
830 PRINT© 2 2 -A, " "+LEFT$ (B$ , A)
840 FOR X= 1 TO 200: NEXT
850 NEXT A
860 FOR Z=1TO500:NEXT
2000 ■
2010 FOR X= 1 TO 10
2020 PRINT@9," WRONG!"
2030 FOR Z= 1 TO 20: NEXT
2040 PRINT@12," "
2050 FOR Z= 1 TO 40: NEXT
2060 NEXTX
2070 RETURN
50 THE RAINBOW November 1 986
Next to your computer,
1
' A 'iC- A- •*5»-
• ■ m m
\
nothing beats a Tandy printer
High print quality —
for less!
Complete your system with
the right printer for your home
or office. Tandy printers offer
the fine print quality, graphics
and high performance you
need — at an affordable price.
Versatile business printer
The DMP 430 (26-1277,
$699) is a 132-coIumn dot-
matrix printer with an 18-wire
print head that delivers supe-
rior correspondence characters
in a single pass. Choose from
micro, italic and double-high
fonts, as well as bit-image
graphics. In the draft mode, the
Prices apply at Radio Shack Computer
Radio /hack
The Technology Store
A DIVISION OF TANDY CORPORATION
DMP 430 delivers a fast 180
characters per second. IBM®
PC compatible.
Our low-cost, triple-mode
personal printer
The DMP 130 (26-1280,
$349.95) allows you to choose
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modes. IBM® PC compatible.
In business... for business
For the best value and selec-
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shop your local Radio Shack
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Centers and at participating stores and dealers. The DMP 430 requires special order at some locations.
IBM/Registered TM International Business Machines Corp.
I
I
1
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I
Send me a new
RSC-17
Computer Catalog.
Mail To: Radio Shapk
Dept. 87-A-706
300 One Tandy Center
Fort Worth, TX 76102
I
I
1
1
Name
Company
Address _
City _
State
ZIP
Phone
AME
..■■jgr
■f n - -
^^^^^^^
Ife*
SSffiff™
'■■'>■■:
■V"... :
r- r .j
V"!.' •. 1
III
■
3«0
3?
SpS? 75!
ffTfJf-J'Vtti.U
sM 1
aiders f££ game requiring skill and concentration.
Aliens are stealing supplies from the planet and you
must stop them by docking with their ships. To dock
with an alien ship, you must be directly above it and hot
moving at the time of contact. The lower on the screen you
are (closer to the bottom) at the time of contact, the more
points you score. You must also avoid the bombs traveling
up the screen.
The game ends when time runs out or your ship is
destroyed by bombs. To begin the game, press the firebutton
l^iMM. while the theme song is playing on the title screen.
(You may direct questions about this program to the
^ author at U-251, Road 16, Rt. h Napoleon, OH 43545.
Please enclose an SA SE for a reply.) □
is ob taining an associate degree in computer programming.
He uses his Co Co to keep the farm's financial records and
to do word processing.
26 ....
40 ....
58 ....
74 ....
95 ....
END .....254
.110
.180
..69
.246
..70
The listing; RfilDERS
' ***** * * * * * * * * ************ ** *
i *
1 *
i*
>*
• *
RAIDERS
BY
DARREL BEHRMANN
U-251 RD. 16 RT. 1
NAPOLEON , OH 43545
JANUARY, 1986
*
*;
*
,1
2
3
4
5
6
$
8 i * * * *************************
9 POKE65495,0
10 CLEAR 5>3p
11 DIM EM (8, 12 ) , CS ( 8 , 12 ) ;, SS ( 8 , 12
) ,AN$(15)
12 GOSUB 9 5 1 GET LETTERS
13 PMODE4 , 1 : PCLS0 : SCREEN1 ,1: PMOD
E3,l fc
14 COLOR3 , 4
15 LINE (0 , 165 ) -(255, 192) , PSET , BF
16 LINE (10 , 16 4 ) - , 104 ) , PRESET
17 LINE- (40,94) , PRESET
1 S LINE- (70 , 104 ) , PRESET
ill LINE- ( 70 , 164 ) , PRESET
20 LINE- (10, 164) , PRESET
21 PAINT(40,104) ,4,4
22 LINE (30 ,84 ) - (50 , 104) , PRESET, B
23 LINE (10 ,74) -( 70, 84) , PRESET, BF
24 CIRCLE (110, 154) ,10,4
25 CIRCLE (150 ,154) , 10 , 4 : CIRCLE (1
75,154) ,10,4
2 6 PAINT (110, 154) ,2, 4 : PAINT (150,
154) ,2, 4 : PAINT (17 5, 154 ) , 2 ,4
27 DRAW » BM80 ,15 5 ; C3U10R10 E15R90D
25L115"
28 PAINT (90, 150) ,3,3
29 LINE (105, 135) - (125, 145) , PRESE
T,B
30 PAINT (120, 140) ,2,4
31 DRAW"BM16, 50 ; S16C2 "+AN$ ( 14 ) +A
N$ ( 10) +AN$ ( 13 ) +AN$ ( 11) +AN$ ( 12) +A
N$(14)+AN$(15)
32 DRAW"C4S4"
33 IFPEEK(65280) <>126 AND PEEK ( 6
5280) <>254THENPLAY"T12L102ABD" : I
FPEEK(65280)<>126 AND PEEK(65280
) <> 2 5 4 THENPLAY " L2 CFO 1 ABD L2 CF " : GO
T033 '. ;v
34 PLAY H V10T255L255"
35 PMODE4 , 1 : PCLS0
36 CIRCLE ( 3 , 8 ) , 3 , 5: LINE (0 ,0 )
5 ) , PSET: LINE (3 , 0 ) - (3 , 5) , PSET : LIN
E(7,0)-(3,5) ,PSET:PAINT(3,8) ,5,5
37 GET (0 , 0 ) - (7 ,11) , EM
38 PCLS0
39 LINE (0 , 0 ) - ( 7 , 1 ) , PSET , BF : LINE (
3. 2) -(4, 3) ,PSET,BF:LINE(3,3)-(0,
6) , PSET: LINE- (0, 11) , PSET: LINE- (7
,11) , PSET: LINE- (7, 6) , PSET: LINE- (
4.3) , PSET : PAINT (3, 9) ,5 ,5
40 GET (0,0) -(7, 11), CS
41 PCLS0
42 LINE (0 , 0 ) - ( 3,11) , PSET : LINE- ( 4
,11) , PSET: LINE- (7,0) , PSET: LINE- (
0,0), PSET : PAINT (3, 3 ) ,5,5
43 GET (0 ,0) - (7,11) , SS
44 PCLS0
45 POKE65495 ,0 : PH=16 : PV=1 : E1=0 : E
2=0 : Gl=0 : G2=0 : SC=0
46 SCREEN1,1:PCLS0:TIMER=0
47 LINE (PH*8,PV*12) - (PH*8+7 , PV*1
2+11) , PRESET, BF
48 J=JOYSTK (0 ) : Jl=JOYSTK( 1) : GOSU
B87
49 IFJ<15THENPH=PH-1ELSEIFJ>45TH
ENPH=PH+1
50 IFJK1 5THENPV=PV- 1ELSE IF Jl > 4 5
THENPV=PV+1
51 I FPH> 3 1THENPH=3 IE LSE I FPH<0THE
NPH=0
52 I FPV> 1 5THENPV= 1 5 E LS E I FPV< 1THE
NPV=1
53 PUT(PH*8,PV*12)
-(PH*8+7
,PV*12
+11) , SS
54 IFE1=0ANDRND (5)
=5THENE1
=1:H1=
RND(32) -1:V1=15
55 IFE2=0ANDRND (5)
=5THENE2
=l:H2=
0010 i|
•
i) ■
i.
T
i
RND(32)-1:V2=15
56 IFE1=1THENLINE (Hl*8 , Vl*12 ) - (H
1*8+7, Vl*12+ll) , PRESET, BF '
57 IFE2=1THENLINE (H2*8,V2*12 ) - (H
2*8+7, V2*12+ll) , PRESET, BF
58 V1=V1-1 : IFVK1THENE1=0
November 1986 THE RAINBOW 53
59 V2=V2-1:IFV2<1THENE2«0
60 IFE1«1THENPUT(H1*8,V1*12)-(H1
*8+7,Vl*12+ll) , EM
61 IFE2-1THENPUT(H2*8,V2*12)-(H2
*8+7,V2*12+ll) ,EM
62 IF (V1=PV OR Vl-l-PV) AND Hl=
PH THEN GOSUB 76
63 IF (V2=PV OR V2-1-PV) AND H2=
PH THEN GOSUB 76
64 IFG1=0ANDRND(10)=10THENG1=1:H
3=RND(32)-l:V3=15
65 IFG2=0ANDRND(10)=10THENG2=1:H
4=RND(32)-1:V4=15
66 IFG1=1THENLINE(H3*8,V3*12)-(H
3*8+7, V3*12+ll) , PRESET, BF
67 IFG2=1THENLINE(H4*8,V4*12)-(H
4*8+7, V4*12+ll) , PRESET, BF
68 V3=V3-1:IFV3<1THENG1=0
69 V4=V4-1 J IFV4<1THENG2=0
70 IFG1«1THENPUT(H3*8,V3*12)-(H3
*8+7,V3*12+ll) ,CS
71 IFG2=1THENPUT(H4*8,V4*12)-(H4
*8+7,V4*12+ll) ,CS
72 IF V3-1=PV AND H3=PH THEN GOS
UB79
73 IF V4-1=PV AND H4=PH THEN GOS
UB79
74 GOSUB 81
75 GOTO 47
76 PLAY "V1":FORY=1TO30:PLAY"ABA
V+ ; " : CIRCLE ( PH*8+4 , PV*12-4 ) , RND (
15) ,RND(4) : NEXT Y : PLAY "V31 11 :FORY=
1TO30 : PLAY"CDCV-; " : CIRCLE (PH*8+4
Hint . . .
Here is a little routine that alters the cursor in an
interesting way. Type it in and give it a try. You may
want to do a little disassembly (a manual one, that is)
and apply the technique to other areas of Color
Computing.
10 DATA 26,80,142,128,0,166,132,
183,255,223,167,128,140,224,0,39
,5,183,255,222,32,2 39, 28, 175,57
20 FORA=3072 TO 3096: READB : POKE
A,B:NEXTA:EXEC3072
30 FOR A*l TO 255: POKE 41384, A
40 NEW
Jim Knoppow
Kent, WA
,PV*12-4) ,RND(15) ,RND(4) : NEXTY
77 PLAY "V10"
78 GOTO 94
79 SC=SC+PV: SOUND PV*16,1
80 RETURN
81 'SCORING DISPLAY
82 PLAY "AABB"
83 LINE(0, 0)-(32, 12) , PRESET, BF
84 TH=INT(SC/1000) : HD-INT ( (SC-TH
*1000)/100) :TN=INT( (SC-TH*1000-H
D*100) /10) :OE=SC-TH*1000-HD*100-
TN*10
85 DRAW "BM0,11;"+AN$(TH)+AN$(HD
)+AN$(TN)+AN$(OE)
86 RETURN
87 ' TIMER DISPLAY
88 LINE(120,0)-(136,12) , PRESET, B
F
89 TI-100-TIMER/60
90 TN=*INT(TI/10) :OE=TI-TN*10
91 IF TIMER/60 >100 THEN GOTO 94
92 DRAW»BM120, 12 ; "+AN$ (TN) +AN$ (0
E)
93 RETURN
94 POKE65494,0:IF PEEK(65280) =12
6 OR PEEK(65280)=254 THEN 45 ELS
E 94
95 AN$(0)="BE1BU1U7E1R3F1D7G1L3U
1E1U2E1U2E1BD9BR3 11 • 0
96 AN$(1)="BE1R5L2U9G3BD7BR6 , » '1
97 AN$(2)="BU8BR1E2R2F1D2G2L1G2D
2R6BF1" '2
98 AN$(3)=»BE1BU1F1R2E2U2H1NL3E1
U2H1L3 G2 BD8 BR8 " r 3
99 AN$(4)="BU9BR1D3R5L1U4D9BD1BR
3"' 4
100 AN$(5)="BE1BU1F1R2E2U2H1L1H1
L1H1U2R6BD10BR1" 1 5
101 AN$(6)=»"BE2BU2E1R2F1D2G1L2H2
U5E1R1E1R1F1BD9BR2" • 6
102 AN$(7)="BU8BE1E1R4D2G1D2G1D3
BD1BR4"'7
103 AN$ (8) ="BR3BU1H2U1E2H2E2R1F2
G2F2D1G2BD1BR4" 1 8
104 AN$(9)="BR5BU1U9L3G1D2F1R3BR
3BD6'"9
105 AN$(10)="BE1U4E1U3E1R1F1D3F1
NL4D4BF1BR1" 'A
106 AN$(11)="BE1U9R2F1R1F1D5G1L1
G1L2BD1BR7" ' D
107 AN$ (12 ) ="BE1U9R5L5D4R3L3D5R5
BD1BR2" 1 E
10 8 AN $ ( 1 3 ) - " BE 1R5L3U9 L2 R5 BD 10 BR
2" 'I
109 AN$(14)="BE1U9R3F2D1G2L2F4BF
1BR1"'R
110 AN$(15)="BE1BU1F1R2E2U1H2L1H
2E2R2F1BD9BR2" ' S
111 RETURN
54 THE RAINBOW November 1986
A fix to use the Old-Time Banner Printer with a disk system
The O Id-Time Fix
By Horace D. Vaughn
When I opened my May 1986
issue of RAINBOW, I was disap-
pointed to find that the Old-
Time Banner program [Page 1 50] would
not work with my disk system. I set out
to solve this situation and will now
share it with the rest of the CoCo
Community.
First, if you haven't done so already,
save a copy of the Banner program on
tape using the procedures mentioned in
the article. Now, unplug the disk drive
from the cartridge port. Then type POKE
25, G: NEW. Load in the Banner program
and delete all lines from 101 on. Save
this to another tape as BAN1.
Reload the original banner program.
This time, delete all lines up to and
including Line 100. Also, delete lines
160, 998 and 2008. Move the last
Horace Vaughn is a retired Navy chief,
presently employed as a marine electri-
cian in Virginia Beach. He has been
programming on the CoCo for four
years.
PRINTttJ, Y$P$B$R$D$U$N$D$T$V$Z$
statement in Line 117 to the beginning
of Line 118. Save this version to tape as
BAN2.
Plug the disk controller back into the
computer and enter POKE 25,14 : POKE
35B4,0:NEW.
Load BAN1 from tape and save it to
disk as "BAN1/BAS",A. Load BAN2
from tape and save it to disk as "BAN2/
BAS",A. Type in, save to disk and run
Shorten.
The first time through Shorten use
BAN1/BAS as the input filename and
BAN11/BAS as the output filename.
Run Shorten again, but this time use
BAN2/BAS as the input filname and
BAN22/BAS for the output filename.
Now load BAN11/BAS from the disk.
Type MERGE "BfiN22/BfiS". This creates
a shortened version of the Banner
program in memory. It might be wise
before we start editing things for you to
save this to disk as BANNER/ BAS.
Now comes the fun part. If you don't
have much experience, you may want to
brush up on the EDIT command of
Extended BASIC, but what we will be
doing isn't really all that difficult.
At the beginning of Line 1, add
F0RX = 1T03: PRINTttJ, YY$X$Z$
: N E XT : . Add $Z$ to the end of
lines 16 and 1070. Add :G0T01 to the
end of Line 159. Change Line 161 to
read F0RX=1T012: PRINTttJ, YY$X$Z$
:NEXT:G0T01. Add :YY$=Y$:Y$=
Y$+V$ to the end of 2028. Add FORX
=1T0G:PRINT»J,YY$X$Z$:NEXT: to
the beginning of Line 2034.
The changes should now be complete.
Resave this program to disk as
BANNER/ BAS. Always remember to
use POKE25,14:POKE35B4,0:NEW be-
fore running the program. Happy "ban-
nering" with disk!
(You may direct your questions
about this modification to Mr. Vaughn
at 4824 Peach Creek Lane, Virginia
Beach, VA 23455, 804-499-1741. Please
enclose an SASE when writing.) □
'■■*V* S " '• A'.
The listing: SHORTEN
10 ' SHORTEN FOR BANNER MAY 1986
RAINBOW
20 'BY H.D.VAUGHN
30 '4824 PEACHCREEK LN.
40 'VA. BEACH VA. 23455
50 CLEAR1000:CLS
60 INPUT" INPUT F I LENAME / EXT a === as =
========>« ;DF$
70 INPUT "OUTPUT FILENAME/ EXT====
========>"; DO $
80 OPEN"I" , #1/ DF$ :OPEN"0" , #2 , DO$
90 IF EOF(l)= -1 THEN 180
100 LINE INPUT#1,D$
110 CLS : PRINTD$
120 FOR X=5TO LEN ( D$ )
130 IF MID$(D$,X,3)="J,Y"THEN190
140 IF MID$(D$ / X / 3)=»998"THEN210
150 NEXT X
160 PRINT #2,D$
170 GOTO90
180 CLOSE: END
190 IF MID$ ( D$ , X+4 , 1 ) =" VTHEN2 20
200 L$=LEFT$ ( D$ , X+2 ) : R$=RIGHT$ (D
$,LEN(D$) -X-2) :D$=L$+"Y"+R$:GOTO
230
210 L$=LEFT$ (D$,X-16) :R$=RIGHT$(
D$ , LEN ( D$) -X-8 ) : D$=L$+R$ : X=X-10 :
GOTO 2 30
220 L$=LEFT$ (D$,X+3) :R$=RIGHT$ (D
$ , LEN (D$) -X-5) :D$=L$+R$
230 CLS : PRINTD$ t GOTO150
November 1986 THE RAINBOW 55
EARS
TM
Electronic
Audio
Recognition
System
$99.95
• SPEECH
RECOGNITION
• HANDS OFF
PROGRAMMING
•HIGH
QUALITY
SPEECH
REPRODUCTION
EARS Does It All!
Two Years In the Making. Speech Systems
was formed to develop new and innova-
tive speech products. After 2 years of in-
tensive Research and Development, we
have created a truely sophisticated
speech recognition device. Recognition
rates from 95% to 98% are typical. Until
now, such a product was outside the
price range of the personnel computer
market, and even small businesses.
EARS is trained by your. voice and capable
of recognizing any word or phrase.
Training EARS to your particular voice
print takes seconds. Up to 64 voice prints
may be loaded into memory. You may
then save on tape or disk as many as you
like so that your total vocabulary is virtu-
ally infinite.
Speech and Sound Recognition. EARS is re-
ally a sound recognition system, so it re-
ally doesn't matter whether you speak in
English, Spanish, or French. Infactyoudo
not have to speak at all, you can train
EARS to understand sounds such as a
musical note or a door slamming.
Hands Off Programming. Imagine writing
your own BASIC programs without ever
touching the keyboard. Everything that
you would normally do through a
keyboard can now be done by just
speaking.
Programming EARS Is Easy. LISTEN,
MATCH and other commands have been
added to BASIC so that programming
EARS is a piece of cake! The single BASIC
line: 10 LISTEN: MATCH will instruct
EARS to listen to you and return the
matching phrase.
It Talks. EARS is also capable of high qual-
ity speech. We mean REALLY high quality.
The speech is a fixed vocabulary spoken
by a professional announcer. Speech
Systems is currently creating a library of
thousands of high quality words and
phrases. For a demonstration call (312)
879-6844, you won't believe your ears or
our EARS.
DISK OWNERS, EARS will work with any
disk system With either a MULTI-PAK or
Y-CABLE. Our new Triple Y-CABLE was
specifically developed for those wishing
to add SUPER VOICE as a third device.
You Get Everything You Need. You get ev-
erything you need including a specially
designed professional headset style noise
cancelling microphone. The manual is
easy to use and understand. Several
demonstration examples are included so
you don't have to write your own pro-
grams unless you want to. EARS will work
in any 32K or 64K Color Computer.
SUPER VOICE $20 OFF
Imagine talking to your computer and it
talking back to you. When you need an
unlimited vocabulary, you can't beat
SUPER VOICE. For a limited time, we will
give you the SUPER VOICE for $59.95 with
your EARS purchase. Even if you already
have another speech unit, here is your
chance to buy the best and save $20.
VOICE CONTROL
Applications for EARS are astounding.
Here is our first of many listening pro-
grams to come. VOICE CONTROL is a
program specifically designed to allow
you to control any appliance in your
house with your voice and our HOME
COMMANDER (sold separately) or the
Radio Shack Plug 'N' Power controller.
For example, you can control your TV by
saying "TV ON" or "TV OFF". . $24.95
Dealer Inquiries
Invited
emd
We accept CASH, CHECK, COD, VISA and MASTER CARD orders.
Shipping and handling US and Canada $3.00
Shipping and handling outside the US and Canada $5.00
COD charge $2.00
Illinois residents add 6Va% sales tax
•Speech. Sy$t<
38W255 DEERPATH ROAD
BATAVIA, ILLINOIS 60510
(312) 879-6880 (TO ORDER)
CALL ANY DAY TO ORDER. ALSO ORDER BY MAIL
COCO'S MOST ADVANCED
SPEECH SYNTHESIZER.
IT TALKS, SINGS AND
MORE,
only . . . $79.95
WITH EARS PURCHASE
only . . . $59. 95
r^-Skl » ,u t- £ W
■■ m m<i I
SUPER VOICE is no ordinary speech synthesizer. It uses Silicon
Systems, Inc. SSI-263, the most advanced speech/sound chip
available. SUPER VOICE is not only capable of highly intelligible
speech, sound effects, and singing over a 6 octave range, but now
we have turned SUPER VOICE into a monophonic Super Music
Synthesizer with our PIANO KEYBOARD.
IT TALKS. A free TRANSLATOR text-to-speech program makes
writing your own talking program as easy as SAYING "HELLO."
SUPER VOICE works in any 32K or 64K computer. A disk system
requires a Y-Cable or Multi-Pak.
Here are the facts;
the decision is yours.
SUPER VOICE
REAL TALKER
RS SPEECH
CARTRIDGE
VOICE-PAK
Synthesizer Device
SC-01
SP-256
SC-01
Speaking Speeds
M « x * J
1
1
1
Volume Levels
"^ssil
i '
1
1
Articulation Rates
,„-■„„„-,—-„-■-
;i v ^
1
1
1
Vocal Tract
Filter Settings
i 1
m J
1
1
1
Basic unit
ol Speech
M phiiiifwrt
64 phonemes
64 allophones
S pause lengths
64 phonemes
Pitch Variations
4896 (32 absolute fifirr
with 8 intloction taeeds)
4
1
4
SUPER TALKING HEADS
Paul and Pauline, our talking heads program is normally $24.95. Until
Dec. 15 we will include them with each SUPER VOICE order.
FREE
BLANK DISK
OR TAPE
WITH EVERY
o* DER ^
VISA*
' ' v < > ■
Dealer Inquiries
Invited
We accept CASH, CHECK, COD, VISA and MASTER CARD orders.
Shipping and handling US and Canada $3.00
Shipping and handling outside the US and Canada $5.00
COD charge $2.00
Illinois residents add 6V<% sales tax
'//>
Speech Stfdtemd
38W255 DEERPATH ROAD
BATAVIA, ILLINOIS 60510
(312) 879-6880 (TO ORDER)
coloS(312) 879-6811 (24 HR. BBS)
CALL ANY DAY TO ORDER. ALSO ORDER BY MAIL OR BBS.
TM
LEGE
FILE EDIT hIDI HISC
All Voices Un
Tine Signature
Key Signature
Tenpo
Reset block
FILE EDIT MIDI MISC
Block delete
o^ 1
6^: * 3-
.j A ^_
LEGEND
82
g
■
4—3
OB§§0[
- ts cf t= t33= ==
J5
I
LYRA is the most powerful music composition program we have seen on
any computer. We don't mean just the COCO, we really mean any com-
puter. Whether you are a. novice trying to learn music or a professional
musician with MIDI equipment you will find LYRA a powerful tool. You
see, we wrote LYRA for musicians that hate computers. If you want proof,
purchase a LYRA demo for $7.95. We will apply the demo price to your
purchase. MIDI output requires the LYRA MIDI cable (#MC158) or COCO
MIDI Seq/Editor (#CM147).
Ultra Easy to use, just point with joystick or
mouse and click.
Compose with up to 8 completely
independent voices.
Room for over 18,000 notes. (This is not
misprint!)
Super Simple Editing Supports:
Note insert
Note delete
Note change
Output music to:
TV Speaker
STEREO PAK
SYMPHONY 12
MIDI Synth
Block insert
Block delete
Block copy
Monitor Speaker
ORCHESTRA 90
COCO MIDI S/E
MIDI Drum Machine
Output up to 4 voices without additional
hardware.
Output all 8 voices using either SYMPHONY
12 or one or more MIDI synthesizers and
drum machines.
Output any voice on any of the 8 MIDI
channels.
^ Transpose music to any key.
Modify music to any tempo.
Automatically inserts bar for each measure
as you compose.
Key signature lets you specify sharps and
flats only once, LYRA will do the rest.
Plays MUSICA 2 files using LYRA CONVERT
(#LC164).-
\* Each voice may be visually highlighted or
erased.
\* Each measure is numbered for easy
reading.
j> Solo capability
Block edits are highlighted.
Tie notes together for musical continuity.
& Name of note pointed to is constantly
displayed.
*> Jump to any point in the score
instantaneously.
*> Memory remaining clearly displayed,
however you will have plenty of memory
even for the most demanding piece.
Help menu makes manual virtually
unnecessary.
V LYRA is 100% software, no need for extra
hardware unless you want more power.
Music easily saved to tape or disk.
Requires 64K and mouse or joystick.
LYRA (Disk only) #LY1 22 $54.95
— LYRA OPTIONS
These LYRA options are not required. They are provided for those wishing additional flexibility.
LYRA CONVERT
A program to convert MUSICA 2 files to LYRA
files.
(T or D) #LC164 $14.95
LYRA STEREO ENHANCER
Gives the LYRA stereo output when used with
the STEREO PAK or ORCHESTRA 90.
(T or D) #LS149 ^ $14.95
LYRA MIDI CABLE
A cable to connect your computer to your MIDI
synthesizer.
#MC158 $14.95
We accept CASH, CHECK, COD, VISA and MASTER CARD orders.
Shipping and handling US and Canada $3.00
Shipping and handling outside the US and Canada $5.00
COD Charge $2.00
Illinois residents add 6'/*% sales tax.
LYRA SYMPHONY 12 ENHANCER
Lets LYRA play all 8 voices through SYMPHONY
12.
(T or D) #LS1 77 $19.95
STEREO PAK
Plugs into the COCO ROM cartridge slot allow-
ing easy connection to your stereo system.
#SP193 $39.95
SYMPHONY 12
A real hardware music synthesizer, lets LYRA
play all 8 voices in stereo.
(T or D) #SY149 $69.95
COCO MID Seq/Editor
A professional quality MIDI interface for MIDI
synthesizers.
(Disk only) #CM147 $149.95
MUSIC LIBRARY
A collection of over 800 songs. When used with
CONVERT, it gives an incredible LYRA library.
Each volume 100 songs.
(T or D) #MLXXX . . . . $29.95
COCO MAX is a trademark of Colorware.
ORCHESTRA 90 is a trademark of Radio Shack.
«• * -
38W255 DEERPATH ROAD
BATAVIA, ILLINOIS 60510
(312) 879-6880
FILE EDIT MIDI
MISC
p d t n © n
fl
rara
ffl ra \F) FTI iTTI
MIDI
I Tis t runeii t s '•
■D
"1
: U01
■ 006
Brass
Piano
1
3
: 005
! 009
String
Gui t ar
: 013
E Organ
5
: 014
P Organ
y 61
003
Trunpet
7
» 016
Flute
0 8:
018
Oboe
9
: 019
Clarnet
021
Vibrphn
B
: 026
Harpsch
C;
025
Clavier
D :
032
Tinpani
El
043
Snaredr
Fs
045
Percusn
.
1 1 1 f » 1 1 1 \ 1 1
I i i t i i i \ i i i
I t 1 I ! I I I I ( ,
« * > » I I I I |
Now your COCO can talk to your MIDI music synthesizer.
Whether you have a Korg, Roland, Casio, Yamaha, or Moog, it
doesn't matter as long as it's MIDI equipped. Choose from our
entry level MUSICA MIDI system that plays MUSICAjites or our
Professional COCO MIDI 2 system.'
V Supports 16 Track recording and playback.
i> Adjustable tempo.
)S Over 45 Kbytes available
(Over 15,500 MIDI events possible).
\* Record to any track.
Low Level track editing.
v> LYRA editing, (one voice per track).
Playback from any number of tracks.
Quantizing to Vie, 1 /32, Vba intervals.
Filter out MIDI data: _
Key pressure Control Change
Program change Channel Pressure
Pitch wheel System Message
v Graphic Piano Keyboard Display in both
record and playback mode.
Adjustable Key (Transposition).
i> Save recording to disk for later playback or
editing.
\* Syncs to drum machine as MASTER or
SLAVE.
\* Sequencer features.
^ 100% machine code.
"Musician Friendly" Menu Driven.
Metronome
Many songs included.
Includes MIDI hardware interface, 2 MIDI ca-
bles, detailed manual, and software. Requires
64K CoCo, Y-Cable or Multi-Pak.
COCO MIDI 2 (disk only) #CM147 . $149.95
DOUBLE Y-CABLE #DY181 $28.95
TRIPLE Y-CABLE #TY173 $34.95
W LIBRARIAN
TM
Save and load voice parameters for the Yamaha DX series of syn-
thesizers (DX-7, DX-100, DX-21 etc.). Save sounds individually
or as a group letting you load the entire synthesizer in seconds.
Comes with professionally developed voices for the DX-7 worth
10 times the price. Requires COCO MIDI hardware interface.
DX LIBRARIAN (Disk only) #DX143 $39.95
CASIO LIBRARIAN
Save and load voice parameters for any Casio synthesizer (CZ-101,
CZ-1000, CZ-5000etc.) You can save from the: presets, cartridge,
memory or buffer. Requires COCO MIDI hardware interface.
CASIO LIBRARIAN (Disk only) #CL169 . . $39.95
MUSICA MIDI
MUSICA MIDI takes any MUSICA 2 music file and plays it through
your MIDI synthesizer. We offer you over 800 tunes from our
MUSIC LIBRARY series (sold separately) or create your own music
using MUSICA 2. Inlcudes: documentation, plenty of music, and
the cable to connect between the COCO and your synthesizer.
MUSICA MIDI Complete (Disk Only) #CM126 $39.95
MIDI KEYBOARD
If you own the Casio CZ-101 or similar MIDI synth, you know
that the mini keys and the short 3 or 4 octave keyboard is limiting.
MIDI KEYBOARD when used with our full size 5 octave keyboard
gives you the flexibility you need. Comes with cable to connect
the COCO to your MIDI synth.
MIDI KEYBOARD (Disk only) #MK167 $29.95
CHRISTMAS FANTASIA
We got so many compliments last year for Christmas Fantasia Volume 1, we added
a second all new version.
Christmas Fantasia is a collection of traditional Christmas music combined with
beautiful high resolution Christmas scenes. Christmas Fantasia picks one of more
than a dozen Christmas scenes and music selections from tape or disk, displays
the picture and plays the music. Upon completion, another scene and piece of
music is loaded and played. The Christmas scenes are beautiful. One shows a
chapel nestled in a valley with snow actually falling. The low price is our way of
saying "SEASONS GREETINGS" from Speech Systems. 64K required.
Volume 1 (Tape or Disk) #CF125 $19.95
Volume 2 (Tape or Disk) #CF126 : . $19.95
MUSICA
•When in stereo mode, music is
played through our STEREO PAK
(purchased separately).
• Loudness of each voice may be
individually specified.
• Memory available is constantly
displayed.
• Voice waveshapes may be
exchanged between voices at any
point.
•Tempo may be specified and may
even be altered as the music plays.
• Flats and sharps supported.
• Billions of timbre combinations.
• High resolution graphic display,
looks just like sheet music.
•MUSICA 2 is 100% software, no need for
hardware unless you want music produced in
STEREO. In that case, the STEREO PAK may be
purchased separately. It's a must for the
audiophile!
• Repeat bars allow repeating of music without
re-inserting music a second or third time.
• 30 page manual describes all.
• Requires 64K.
1 9:97445100 2 ?: 98750 00 8
3 3s 955770 00 4 9: 95443201
r048 = HEHQPTf
. _ I ft 1
— Lr i
• Output music to your printer
(Gemini 10X, Epson, R.S. printers).
$29.95
Tape or Disk
• Allows you to specify key signature.
• Voice timbre (waveshape) may be
altered by specifying harmonic
content just like stops on an organ.
• During editing, voice being inserted
is displayed.
• Each measure is numbered for easy
reading of music.
• Measure bars aid in reading and
developing music.
• Each voice may be visually
highlighted for easy identification.
•4 Voices produced simultaneously.
• Input notes from Coco keyboard,
joystick, or Piano Keyboard.
• Play music from your own BASIC program.
• Block copy music for easy music development.
• 100% machine language so it is lightning fast.
• Vibrato effect easily produced.
• With STEREO PAK, voices may be switched
between left and right speakers as music plays.
• Durations include: whole, half, quarter,
eighth, sixteenth, thirty-second, sixty-fourth,
and triplet.
MUSIC LIBRARY
TM
The MUSIC LIBRARY series consists of 8 volumes: 100 through
800 each sold separately. Each contains over 100 four voice music
selections with a playing time of over 3 hours each. The disk
version is shipped on 5 full disks. When coupled with STEREO
PAK, the music is reproduced with unsurpassed realism.
A JUKEBOX program is included to allow you to select specific
songs or automatically play each. These songs are ready to go,
you don't need MUSICA 2 or a knowledge of music. MUSICA 2
users may customize each song. Each volume sold separately,
specify tape or disk. #MLXX*L $29.95
List of 800 songs #LS800 . . $3.00
MUSIC LIBRARY 100
Stage, Screen, & TV
Music of the 70's
Music of the 60's
Music of the 50's
Old Time Favorites
MUSIC LIBRARY 200
MUSIC LIBRARY 300
MUSIC LIBRARY 400
MUSIC LIBRARY 500
MUSIC LIBRARY 600
MUSIC LIBRARY 700
MUSIC LIBRARY 800
Classical
Christmas (popular)
Christmas (traditional)
Patriotic
Polka Party
(another 100 selections)
(another 100 selections)
(another 100 selections)
(another 100 selections)
(another 100 selections)
(another 100 selections)
(another 100 selections)
Entire Library
30 Hours of
Music!
40 disks
or
25 tapes
TM
SYMPHONY 12
FILE EDIT RID I HISC
B(30@
# 0 ' ^
.0
id
4
s ?f££ri° N
If you want to compose music, experiment, or STEREO AND MONO. By connecting SYM- PIANO KEYBOARD. For those wishing to turn
just listen to music, LYRA is the tool you need. PHONY 12 to your home stereo system, music is SYMPHONY 12 into a real polyphonic synthe-
LYRA represents the new state-of-the-art super produced in stereo, 6 voices from each channel. sizer we offer a full size 61 note piano
user friendly software. Pull down menus and However, you don't need to have a stereo system, keyboard.
icons make composing music as easy as pointing all 12 voices also come out of your TV or monitor. . u ;l cvuouAMvn a *l
... i ° I I* i * ,, /nA • Tape users using both SYMPHONY 12 and the
with a oystick or mouse and clicking. LYRA is rrrr „ e . „ diam^ ^r VD mnn ...hi ™ • „ vr-Acnc
capable of 8 individually controlled voices. You SOV " D E " ECTS - SYMPHONY 12 is a sophist!- PIANO KEYBOARD will require a Y-CABLE.
may take advantage of the 8 voice power of "ted sound generator. 12 voices and 4 noise ^ systems require a Triple Y-CABLE or
LYRA using external MIDI synthesizers or SYM- ^"erators give you incredible sound effect capa- ^LTI-PAK
PHONY 12. We believe that LYRA and SYM- bll "V- We have included gun shot, explosion, rac- f™f™22*"£ °1 SLf^L ' " $69,9S
PHONY 12 was a match made in heaven. For a ln 8 car and more. LYRA SYMPHONY 12 ENHANCER
limited time wher i yoi J purchase both, we will SYMPHONY- 12. You get over a dozen music and PIANO KEYBOARD #PK1 85 '. '. " " $16945
^udefreetheLYRASYMPHONY 12 CONNEC- SQund effect se | ections and comp|ete documenta . DOUBLE Y-CABLE #DY181 $28.95
MUN, a »iy.yb value. tjon So f tware is shipped on Tape or Disk. TRIPLE Y-CABLE #TY173 $34.95
GUITAR CHORD BOOK
* •
This program, written by a guitar instructor of 17 years, displays in high Whether you are a beginning guitar student or an advanced player, you
resolution graphics the exact fingering "for over 100,000 chord combina- will find this quick reference to guitar chords invaluable.
tions. You may even tune your guitar to the computer and play along. 32K Disk only #GC153 $29.95
COURSE 1 COURSE 2
This course covers all the basics from music notation & duration, key A more advanced course that deals with: Major and Harmonic Minor
signatures, tempo, to an introduction of the keyboard. This is an entry scales, interval spelling, Triad (Chord) theory, Inversions, Dominant 7th
level course recommended as a prerequisite for Course 2. - chords, and ear training of the intervals.
32K Disk only. #MT101 $49.95 32K Disk only #MT102 $49.95
»
By Fred B. Scerbo
Rainbow Contributing Editor
Editor's Note: If you have an idea for
the "Wishing Well/' submit it to Fred
c/o THE RAINBOW. Remember, keep
your ideas specific, and don 't forget that
this is BASIC. All programs resulting
from your wishes are for your use but
remain the property of the author.
Now that November is upon us,
our thoughts naturally turn
toward that day of culinary
feasting: Thanksgiving. While I trust
that few of you carve the big bird by the
green glow of your CoCo screen, I
figured that this would be a perfect time
to offer my own Thanksgiving gift to
help instruct in a skill that will benefit
any kitchen adventurer. So before we
roll out the cranberries and stuffing,
let's take a look at our latest "Wishing
Well" presentation, Liquid Measure.
Fred Scerbo is a special needs instructor
for the North Adams Public Schools in
North Adams, Massachusetts. He holds
a master's in education and has pub-
lished some of the first software avail-
able for the Color Computer through
his software firm, Illustrated Memory
Banks.
The Wish
How many of you have actually tried
to convince your spouse that investing
in a Color Computer would help her in
the kitchen? (Gee, Honey, you could put
all your recipes on it.) I know a few
people who have actually used this
approach. Fortunately, the spouses
usually agreed to the purchase for mpre
practical reasons, such as their own
interest in learning computer skills.
One of those practical reasons is
educational in nature. Followers of the
"Wishing Well" will by now be familiar
with the fact that education is my
primary reason for using the CoCo. I
have always tried to find new ways to
meet my students' needs using my CoCo
while trying to accommodate your
wishes as well. Since many of you have
written about skills you would like to
see serve as the basis for a "Wishing
Well" program, Liquid Measure seemed
to be the next progression. Rather than
make it part of our Life Skills series, I
have chosen to include some different
elements to make the program more
exciting and graphically interesting.
For anyone who ever had difficulty
finding a way to express certain liquid
measurement values in an understanda-
ble manner, Liquid Measure should be
a big help for you or your youngsters.
Using the text character graphics, we
will display the material we want pre-
sented and then quiz it in a very attrac-
tive fashion.
The Program
Written to work on a 16K machine,
Liquid Measure uses only the graphics
capabilities of the CoCo found outside
Extended Color BASIC. There are sev-
eral reasons for this.
Since a good part of our material is
covered in written form, we would
naturally want to use our text charac-
ters for this purpose. If we were to use
the high resolution graphics in Ex-
tended BASIC, we would need to create
a whole graphics character set. While
previous "Wishing Well" programs have
done just that, our 16 by 32 text format
is perfectly suited for our purposes.
Also, since we are presenting informa-
tion in small amounts, using the regular
text characters makes our information
appear much more visible on the screen.
The next major innovation I have
used in this program is a completely
inverted screen. Instead of using our
green screen with black text, I have
made all of the screens except the score
62 THE RAINBOW November 1 986
;ard into an inverted black screen with
nverde video characters. My reasons
or this are two-fold. First, the graphics
Df thfc cups, pints, quarts, etc. look
much' more dramatic on a black field.
Using regular characters would only
detract from our intended effect.
Secondly, I was getting a little sick of
:he big black border around our green
screen. Why not have our programs
look as classy as the more expensive
machines. Therefore, the time was right
for an inverted screen. Presto!
One thing which I did not do with this
program, however, is make it work on
an MC-10. Adding the offset value to
the sqreen pokes would slow down this
program more than I would like. Those
who need to translate the program to
MC-10 should not have too much dif-
ficulty. I am starting to feel that very few
of you are still using this mini-CoCo at
all.
The subroutine that inverts the text
is quite simple, actually. Our text is
made equal to T$. We then evaluate
each character of T$ and poke the
inverted value to a given screen loca-
tion. Therefore, be sure to save this
program to tape or disk before you run
it. A typo in one of the pokes could lock
up your machine. Nothing is more
frustrating than a locked-up machine
when you have taken the time to type
in a long listing from these pages. Be
safe; save it first.
One special feature, which I included
in the title card this time, was a rotating
border like you would normally see at
an old movie theater. Little flashing
lights run circles around the words
Liquid Measure until the user presses
either ENTER to begin or 'Q' to skip
directly ahead to the quiz section. I felt
this kind of a change in outlook was a
little overdue. I hope you like it.
Using the Program
If you chose to press enter at the
start of the program, you are slowly
walked through a display of the equiva-
lent values, from one cup through one
gallon. Since we are using the poke
method of string evaluation mentioned
earlier, the text slowly scrolls onto the
screen character-by-character. To pro-
ceed to the next screen, the user need
only press ENTER as the screen prompts
appear.
At the end of the display, the program
proceeds to a short quiz based on the
Homonym Quiz from a previous
"Wishing Well." The big difference
between this version and the original is
the use of the inverted black screen. I
have also adapted any screen references
to the homonyms so this quiz section is
uniquely designed for the liquid meas-
urement material.
The quiz only contains about 14
possible examples. However, if you
want to add any extra quiz problems
along the same format, you may enter
additional examples (up to 50) in the
data statements at the end of the listing.
Just be sure that all data is in groups of
three items: The first is the value, the
second is the correct answer and the
third is an incorrect response.
An example might be something like:
1000 DRTR TWO QUARTS, 1/2
GALLON ,1^2 PINT
When asked to match the value of two
quarts to the two possible choices, the
answer would naturally be l A gallon. All
of my examples are singular expressions
(one gallon, one pint, etc.) You may
want to use plural examples like the
sample I have just shown. Just be sure
to delete my last data line with the end
statements in it and replace it with:
This adds your problems to my own
listing. I have put more than one prob-
lem in a data line in order to conserve
space, although I would suggest that
you use one line for each problem you
create. You may even choose to delete
all of my data. Just be sure to include
the triple end statements in the final
data line and not to exceed 50 problems.
When the program is run, it jumbles the
order of the problems and ensures that
the appearance of the choices are also
jumbled. The user needs only press the
letter 'A' or 'B' for an answer in this
multiple choice quiz. Pressing the '(§)'
key ends the quiz early and skips di-
rectly to the score card. You may either
rerun the program by pressing *Y* for
yes or end by pressing 'N' for no.
There is no CPL (Computer Paced
Learning) in this program as found in
some of my recent programs. Once you
run this listing, you will understand why
including this feature was not necessary.
Conclusion
While the skills presented in this
program might seem elementary to
some of you, I think you will find it very
useful with youngsters who have not
mastered these measurement skills. It
also serves as a program guide for those
of you who want to examine the pro-
gram lines to get some ideas on using
strings for graphics or text inversion.
Next month, IH offer a special hol-
iday gift to my readers. Until then, keep
your ideas and suggestions coming. □
130 77
175 202
265 107
345 47
415 223
460 198
515 10
580 196
685 45
790 163
END 32
The listing: LIQUID
10 REM**************************
2) 3 REM* LIQUID MEASURE *
3) 3 REM* BY FRED B.SCERBO *
4) 3 REM* COPYRIGHT (C) 1986 *
5) 3 REM* 6)3 HARDING AVENUE *
6) 3 REM* NORTH ADAMS, MA )31247 *
70 REM**************************
8) 3 CLEAR15)3)3:U$=CHR$(152) :V$=CHR
$ (232 )
85 CLS)3:F0RI=1T016:PRINTCHR$ (152
)CHR$(232) ; : NEXT : PRINTCHR$ ( 2 3 2 ) ;
:PRINT@63,CHR$(152)CHR$(152) ;
9) 3 F0RI=1)389T0128J3:READA
95 POKEI,A+128:NEXT
1)3)3 PRINT@287,CHR$ (232) ;:FORI=lT
016:PRINTCHR$(232)CHR$(152) ; :NEX
T
1)35 F0RI=1T017:READA:P0KE1382+I,
A : NEXT : FORI=lT019 : READA : POKE 1413
November 1986 THE RAINBOW 63
+1, A: NEXT
110 SH=1472:T$=" PRESS <ENTER
> OR <Q>UIZ.":GOSUB195
115 DATA, ,, ,47,32,32, ,36,47,4)3, ,
,47,32,47, ,36,47,40, ,47
,104,104
,47,32,47, ,32,47,32, ,47
,24,24
,,,44,44,44, ,36,44,40,,
,44,44,44, ,36,44,40, ,44
,104,104
63,50,49,63, ,63,60,60, ,
,63,60,60, ,63,48,63, ,63
47,44,47
,44,43,,
120 DATA
47,33,47
,32,47,,
125 DATA
44,44,46
/44,40,,
130 DATA
55,60,59
135 DATA
63,60,63
140 DATA
60,48, 60
,60,63, ,63,60,60, ,24,24
63,52,56,63, ,63,60,60, ,
,60,60,63, ,63,48,63, ,63
,61,50, ,63,60,60, ,104,104
60,48,48,60, ,60,60,60, ,
,60,60,60, ,60,60,60, ,60
,48,60, ,60,60,60, ,24,24
145 DATA2,25,32,6,18,5,4,32,2,46
,32,19,3,5,18,2,15
150 DATA3,15,16,25,18,9,7,8,20,3
2,40,3,41,32,32,49,57,56,54
155 FORI=lT016:OW$=OW$+CHR$ (232)
+CHR$(152) :WO$=WO$+CHR$ (152)+CHR
$(232) :NEXT
160 PRINT@0,OW$; :PRINT@63,V$; : PR
INT@95,U$; :PRINT@127,V$; :PRINT@1
59,U$; :PRINT@191,V$; :PRINT@223,U
$; :PRINT@255,V$; :PRINT@287,U$7
165 PRINT@288,WO$; : PRINT@256 ,U$ ;
:PRINT@224,V$; : PRINT@192 ,U$ ; :PRI
NT@160,V$7 :PRINT@128,U$; :PRINT@9
6,V$; :PRINT@64,U$; :PRINT@32,V$;
170 W$=INKEY$:IFW$=CHR$ (13)THEN1
85ELSEIFW$="Q"THEN575
175 PRINT@0,WO$; :PRINT@63,.U$; : PR
INT@95,V$; :PRINT@127,U$; :PRINT@1
59, V$; :PRINT@191,U$; :PRINT@223,V
$; :PRINT@255,U$; : PRINT@287 , V$ ;
180 PRINT@288,OW$; :PRINT@256,V$,•
:PRINT@224,U$; :PRINT@192,V$; :PRI
NT@160,U$; :PRINT@128,V$; :PRINT@9
6,U$; :PRINT@64,V$; :PRINT@32,U$; :
GOTO 160
185 CLS0
190 GOTO230
195 SH=SH-1 : T=LEN(T$ ) : IFT<=32THE
N215
200 FORZ=32TO0STEP-l:IFMID$(T$,Z
,1)=" "THEN 2 10
205 NEXTZ:GOT0215
210 S$=LEFT$(T$,Z)+STRING$(32-Z,
32) :GOSUB220:T$=RIGHT$ (T$,T-Z) :S
H=SH+33:GOT0195
215 S$=T$+STRING$(32-T,32) : :GOSU
B2 20: RETURN
220 S=LEN(S$) :FORI=lTOS:Y=ASC(MI
D$(S$,I,1) ) :IFY>64THENY=Y-64
225 POKESH+I,Y?NEXTI: RETURN
230 CLS0.
235 EQ$=CHR$(179)+CHR$(179)+CHR$
(179)+CHR$(179)
240 RR$=CHR$(204)
245 R$=CHR$(128)
250 L$=" 11
255 CP$= ,I C. ,,
260 PT$="PT"
265 QT$="QT"
270 GH$= ,, HALF":HG$= ,, GAL. ,, -
275 D$=RR$+RR$+RR$+RR$+R$
280 E$=CHR$ (205)+L$++L$+CHR$ (206
)+R$+R$+R$
285 F$=CHR$(207)+L$++L$+CHR$(207
) +R$+R$+R$
290 G$=CHR$(205)+L$+L$+L$+L$+CHR
$(206)+R$
295 H$=CHR$ (207)+L$+L$+L$+L$+CHR
$(207)+R$
300 J$=CHR$(204)+CHR$(204)+CHR$(
204)+CHR$(204)+CHR$(204)+CHR$(20
4)+R$
305 GA$=CHR$(205)+L$+L$+L$+L$+L$
+L$+CHR$(206)+R$
310 GB$=CHR$(207)+L$+L$+L$+L$+L$
+L$+CHR$(207)+R$
315 GC$=RR$+RR$+RR$+RR$+RR$+RR$+
RR$+RR$+R$
320 GOT0395
325 REM CUP
330 PRINT@L+32,CHR$(207) "C."CHR$
( 207 ) CHR$ (205) R$ ; : PRINT@L+64 , D$ ;
: RETURN
3 35 REM PINT
340 PRINT@L,E$; : PRINT@L+32 , F$ ; :P
RINT@L+64,D$; :PRINT@L+33,PT$; :RE
TURN
345 REM QUART
350 PRINT@L+32,E$; :PRINT@L+64,F$
; :PRINT@L+96,F$; : PRINT@L+128 , D$ ;
: PRINT@L+97 , QT$ ; : RETURN
355 REM HALF GAL
3 60 PRINT@L,G$; :PRINT@L+32,H$; :P
RINT@L+64,H$; :PRINT@L+96,H$; : PRI
NTOL+128, J$; :PRINT@L+65,GH$; :PRI
NTOL+97 , HG$ ; : RETURN
365 REM GALLON
370 PRINT§L,GA$; : PRINTQL+32 , GB$ ;
: PRINT@L+64 , GB$ ; : PRINT@L+96 , GB$ ;
: PRINT6L+128 , GBJ$ ; : PRINT@L+160 , G
C$; :PRINT@L+130,HG$; : RETURN
375 REM HOLD SCREEN
380 T$=" PRESS <ENTER> TO CONT
INUE . 11 : SH=1504 : GOSUB195
64 THE RAINBOW November 1986
7*a 9& z * 6ti
80d "So S
or
HOW DO YOO TOTE A RAINOOW?
It's simple — Give a RAINBOW gift certificate . . .
Let a gift subscription to the
rainbow carry the premier Color
Computer magazine right to
your friends' doorsteps, the
rainbow is the information
source for the Tandy Color Com-
puter.
Each month, your friends will
enjoy the intelligent programs,
reviews and articles written ex-
clusively for their CoCo.
First, your gift will be an-
nounced in a handsome card.
Then, all year round, they'll re-
member you and your thought-
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tion of the rainbow — over 250
pages loaded with as many as 24
programs, 15 regular columns
and lots of helpful hints and tips.
Generosity benefits the giver,
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bow. Your collection will be safe
at home.
Give a rainbow gift certificate
and let your friends in on the fun.
the rainbow is the perfect com-
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Please begin a one-year (12 issues) gift subscription to
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currency only, please. All subscriptions begin with the current issue. Please allow 6 to 8 weeks for
delivery. In order to hold down non-editorial costs, we do not bill.
385 IFINKEY$OCHR$(13)THEN385ELS
ERETURN
390 S=LEN(S$) :F0RI=1T0S:SS=ASC(M
ID$ (S$ , I , 1) ) : SS=SS-64 : IFSS=-32TH
ENSS=32ELSEIFSS=-18THENSS=46
395 L=172:GOSUB330:SH=1088:T$="
THIS IS ONE CUP.":GOSUB195
400 T$=" ONE CUP IS THE SAME AS
EIGHT FLUID OUNCES. H :S
H=1344:GOSUB195
405 GOSUB380
410 CLS0:L=141:GOSUB340:SH=1088:
T$=" THIS IS ONE PINT.": GO
SUB195
415 SH=1248:T$=" ONE PINT IS THE
SAME THING AS TWO CUPS AND IS S
IXTEEN OUNCES . " : GOSUB195
420 L=323:GOSUB340:L=335:GOSUB33
0 : L=343 : GOSUB3 30 : PRINT@329 , EQ$ ; :
PRINT@361,EQ$; :GOSUB380
425 CLS0:L=77:GOSUB350:SH=1056:T
$=" THIS IS ONE QUART." :GOS
UB195
430 SH=1248:T$=" ONE QUART IS TH
E SAME AS TWO PINTS AND IS THIRT
Y TWO OUNCES. ":GOSUB19 5
435 L=291:GOSUB350:L=367:GOSUB34
0 : L=3 7 5 : GOSUB3 4 0 : PRINT @ 3 6 1 , EQ$ ; :
PRINT@393 , EQ$ ; : GOSUB380
440 FORI=224T0287:PRINT@I,CHR$(l
28);: NEXTI
445 SH=1248:T$="ONE QUART IS ALS
0 THE SAME AS FOUR CU
PS.":GOSUB195
450 L=303:GOSUB330:L=3 67:GOSUB33
0 : L=3 11 : GOSUB3 30 : L=3 75 : GOSUB3 3 0 :
PRINT@361,EQ$; :PRINT@393,EQ$; :GO
SUB380
455 CLS0:L«76:GOSUB360:SH=1024:T
$=•• THIS IS ONE HALF GALLON.":
GOSUB195
460 SH=1248:T$=" ONE HALF GALLON
IS THE SAME AS TWO QUARTS OR SI
XTY FOUR OUNCES.":GOSUB195
465 L=322:GOSUB360:L=335:GOSUB35
0 : L=3 4 3 : GOSUB3 50 : PRINT© 3 61, EQ$; :
PRINT@393,EQ$; :GOSUB380
470 FORI=224T0287:PRINT@I,R$; :NE
XTI
475 SH=1248:T$=" A HALF GALLON I
S ALSO THE SAME AS FOUR
PINTS. ":GOSUB195
480 L=303:GOSUB340:L=399:GOSUB34
0 : L=311: GOSUB340 : L=407 : GOSUB340 :
PRINT@361,EQ$; :PRINT@393,EQ$; :GO
SUB385
485 CLS0:L=76:GOSUB360:SH=1024:T'
$=" ONE HALF GALLON IS ALSO":
EQUAL TO E
GOSUB195
490 SH=1248:T$="
IGHT CUPS.":GOSUB195
495 FORL=290TO316STEP7:GOSUB330:
NEXTL:FORL=354TO380STEP7:GOSUB3 3
0:NEXTL:GOSUB380
500 CLS0:L=44:GOSUB370:SH=1024:T
$=" THIS IS ONE WHOLE GALLON.
":GOSUB195
505 SH=1248:T$=" ONE GALLON IS
EQUAL TO ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY
EIGHT OUNCES. " : GOSUB195 : GOSUB38
510 FORI=224T0287:PRINT@I,R$; :NE
XTI : FORI=0TO3 1 : PRINT© I , R$ ; : NEXTI
515 SH=1024:T$=" ONE WHOLE GALLO
N IS THE SAME AS" : GOSUB195 : SH=12
48:T$=" TWO HALF GALLONS.
" :GOSUB195
520 FORL=328TO338STEP10:GOSUB360
:NEXTL:GOSUB385
525 FORI=224T0479:PRINT@I,R$; :NE
XTI
530 SH=1248:T$=" FOUR Q
UARTS . " : GOSUB195 .
535 FORL=325T0345STEP6 : GOSUB350 :
NEXTL:GOSUB385
540 FORI=224T0479:PRINT§I,R$; :NE
XTI
545 SH=1248:T$=" EIGHT
PINTS. " :GOSUB195
550 FORL=293TO313STEP6:GOSUB340:
NEXTL: FORL=389TO409STEP6 : GOSUB34
0:NEXTL:GOSUB380
555 FORI=224T0479:PRINT@I,R$; :NE
XTI
560 SH=1248:T$=" SIXTEEN
CUPS. " :GOSUB195
565 L=186:GOSUB3 30:FORL=226TO251
STEP6 : GOSUB3 3 0 : NEXTL : FORL=2 90TO3
15STEP6 : GOSUB330 : NEXTL: FORL=354T
03 80STEP6 : G0SUB3 3 0 : NEXTL: G0SUB3 8
5
570 PRINT@480, "";
575 CLS0
580 DIM A0(51) ,A$(51) ,B$(51) ,C$(
51) ,NP(51)
585 SW=30 :KZ=RND( -TIMER) :F0RJ=1T
051
590 READ A$(J) ,B$(J) ,C$(J) : IF A$
(J)="END" THEN600
595 NEXT J
600 J=J-1
605 F0RI=1 TO J
610 AO(I)=RND(J)
615 IF NP(A0(I))=1 THEN610
620 NP(AO(I) )=1: NEXTI
625 FOR P=1T0J
!
November 1986 THE RAINBOW 67
630 FORI=1024TO1535 : POKEI , 32 :NEX
T
635 SH=1056:T$=" REVIEW EXAMPLE
NUMBER" +STR$ (P) +« . " : GOSUB195
640 SH=1120:T$=" "+A$(AO(P) )+"
IS EQUAL TO WHICH":GOSUB195
645 SH=1152:T$=" OF THE FOLLOWI
NG CHOICES ?":GOSUB195
650 JK$=A$(AO(P) )
655 D=RND(20) :IFD=>11THEN665
660 F$=B$(AO(P) ) :H$=C$(AO(P) ) :J$
="A":M$="B":GOTO670
665 F$=C$(AO(P) ) :H$=B$(AO(P) ) :J$
="B" : M$="A" : GOTO670
67)3 SH=1221:T$="A) "+F$ :GOSUB195
675 SH=1285:T$="B) "+H$:GOSUB195
680 G$=INKEY$:IF G$=""THEN680
685 IF G$=J$THEN705
69)3 IF G$=M$THEN705
695 IF G$="@"THEN755
7)30 GOT068)3
7)35 IF G$=J$THEN72)3
71)3 GOT073)3
715 IF C(F(G) )<>AO(P) THEN73)3
72J3 SH=1349:T$="YOU ARE CORRECT!
" :GOSUB195
725 CR=CR+l:GOT074)3
73) 3 SH=1344:T$=" SORRY! THE COR
RECT ANSWER IS" : GOSUB195 : SH=1378
:T$=B$(AO(P) )+". ":GOSUB195
735 IR=IR+1
74) 3 SH=1442:T$=" (PRESS <ENTER> T
O CONTINUE .)":GOSUB195
745 IFINKEY$OCHR$(13)THEN745
75) 3 NEXTP
755 CLS : PRINT : PRINT : PRINT
76) 3 PRINT" NUMBER CORRECT = "
CR
765 PRINT
77) 3 PRINT" NUMBER WRONG = "
IR
775 J=CR+IR:IFJ=0THENJ=1
78) 3 PRINT: PRINT" STUDENT SCOR
E = ";INT(CR*100/J) /"%"
785 PRINT: PRINT" ANOTHER TRY
(Y/N) " ;
79) 3 W$=INKEY$:IF W$=""THEN790
795 IF W$="Y" THEN RUN
80) 3 IF W$="N" THEN CLS: END
805 GOTO790
810 REM ENTER DATA AT LINE 1000
815 DATA ONE CUP, EIGHT OUNCES, FO
UR OUNCES, ONE PINT, TWO CUPS, FOUR
CUPS, ONE PINT, SIXTEEN OUNCES, EI
GHT OUNCES
820 DATA ONE QUART, TWO PINTS, TWO
CUPS, ONE QUART, FOUR CUPS,SIXTEE
N OUNCES, ONE QUART, 32 OUNCES, FOU
R PINTS
825 DATA 1/2 GALLON, TWO QUARTS, T
WO PINTS, 1/2 GALLON, FOUR PINTS, E
I GHT PINTS, 1/2 GALLON, EIGHT CUPS
,32 OUNCES, 1/2 GALLON, 64 OUNCES,
128 OUNCES
830 DATA ONE GALLON, FOUR QUARTS,
FOUR PINTS, ONE GALLON, EIGHT PINT
S,FOUR PINTS, ONE GALLON, SIXTEEN
CUPS, SIXTEEN OUNCES
835 DATA ONE GALLON, 128 OUNCES, 6
4 OUNCES
840 DATA END, END, END
ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE PROGRAMMING for the TRS-80 COLOR COMPUTER
At last - The book exclusively for you and your CoCo !!
You've learned BASIC and are now ready to learn assembly
language programming. This hands-on guide begins* %^th
the basics and prog^sses to the expert Aevel:
revealing programming qpnyentions and techniques and
all the internal c amenities of the TDP-i^^CoCo 1
and 2. At every stejgV>f the way are illta* rat ions,
sample programs, *ancr plain English ex|
sample programs^^ne shown as asseml
Shack's EDTASMC^artridge. Plus, a
explains how ^bS^jse all EDTASM+ capab|*lji
describes ljpr\o write subroutinesjSrrTferrupt handlers,
programs w|t control the graphics display modes,
cassette, disk, keyboard, sound, joysticks, serial I/O,
interrupts, and use of ROM resident subroutines. Also
covered are the HC6809E microprocessor, the video
display generator <VDG), peripheral interface adapters
anations. All
with Radio
iplete chapter
es. This book
(PIA), SAM, memory, and how they all work together.
Suitable as a high school or college textbook.
CHAPTERS : The Binary Number System - Memory and Data
Representation - IntrcKtajjtion MC6809E Microprocessor -
Addressing Modes of th#?M€6809E - MC6809E Instruction
Set • Assembly LargSj|Se Programming withXEDTASM* -
Assembly Language Programming - Assembly Language and
Extended Color BAfriC - Internal Control ^JJ^raphics
Technical Detail^V
289 pages
soft cover
$16.00 U.S. p
& ED'
RI resid
volume dis
Published and
sold by
TRS-80 & EDTASM+ are
trademarjAo^ Tandy Corp
$1 .50 shipping. ChagKjtor money order,
'please add 6% safeVtax. Inquire about
ts. *
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SUPER SOFTWARE
uniu iiiiiimnu H iimhlnimiimiiiimmiiiMmiuluiiMOtiiMimiiiitmiiitiHmimriiiiiiiiriiii
fiZ\ COPYRIGHT 1985,
tcj O.BOCHARDT
nillllMinMMI^IMIIIIIIkllllMIIIIMIIIIIMIllUIMILIlMlLMIIhMnilMkllllHMlhlMIINIMItllMIIMIIIIIIIIIIMIIMMII
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Intelligence has intercepted a coded message
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TRG-5 attack saucer sub-assemblies.
SUPER ACTION ARCADE GAME!!
Only $49.95
DISC DRIVES
Teac 55B DSDD Drive $11 9.95 Drive one upgrade for new Tandy
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Dual cabinet, power supply holds Radio Shack DOS Rom 1 .1
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DISCS • CASSETTES • ROMS • CHIPS
5W discs, double density, reinforced hub w/sleeve, guaranteed.
$12.95 for 10 discs in an attractive storage box.
C- 10 Cassettes w/labels 10 for $5.50
Cassette storage box 1 0 for $2.00
Basic 1 .2 ROM $39.95
Extended 1.1 ROM w/Manual $49.95
DISC STORAGE CASE - Attractive, heavy
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protects 50 5 W discs. ON LY $9.95
Purchase this attractive storage case including 10 discs for $21 .95.
64K Memory Expansion Kit.
All parts and complete instructions (for 'E' and V boards and COCO II)
NOW ONLY $19.95
VORTEX
Other Exciting
Adventures
Calixto Island
Shenanigans
Sea Search • Trekboer
Black Sanctum
The Sixth & Most Challenging
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What is it? What secrets does it hold?
FACTOR The seeker of treasures through time
All games -
Cassettes $24.95
Discs $27.95
32K required.
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of ancient Rome to
the futuristic world
of tomorrow.
UNFORGETTABLE
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COCO UTIL II - NEW VERSION
Transfer Coco disc files to your IBM compatible computer.
You may also transfer MS-DOS files to a Color
Computer disc. Save hours of retyping.
Coco Util has been so popular we decided to
make it even more powerful and versatile...
extended directories, faster, improved menu
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$39.95
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FOR THE SERIOUS COCO USER
Accounting System - very popular ledger
system for small businesses $99.95 disk
Order Entry - an excellent companion
to the accounting system $99.95 disk
Easy File - get organized with this
user friendly data management system $59.95 disk
Super Screen - Best screen enhancement program available.
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FREE— Send for our free flier.
Mark Data Products
24001 Alicia Parkway, No. 207, Mission Viejo, CA 92691 • (714) 768-1551
SHIPPING: All orders under $100 please add $2 regular, $5 air. All orders over $ 100 please add 3% with us for shipping amount; please remit U.S. funds. Software authors— contact us for exciting
regular, H% air. California residents please add b% sales tax. Orders outside the continental U.S., check program marketing details. We accept MasterCard and VISA, Distributed in Canada by Kelly Software.
TFT FCOMMIJNTCATTONS
32K
Disk |
A modification to use
Remote2 with
an RS-232 Pak
The Evolving
REMOTE
By Mark Crosby
I have changed Scott Taylor's Re-
mote2 improved remote terminal
driver [November 1985, Page 106]
to operate with a modified RS-232
Program Pak. By slightly modifying the
E2 separates the IRQ of the ACIA from
positions 4 and 8 of the cartridge con-
nector.
If the jumper is not cut, any data
input causes the IRQ to become active,
RCV
P5H5
B
saue the contents of B
LDB
$FF6B
get status of RCIfl
RNDB
»$08
check for full receive register
BEQ
NDIN
no input, jump out
RNDB
tt$07
check for receive errors
BNE
ERR
jump to error section
LDfi
$FF6B
load R with data input
PULS
B
retrieve B
RTS
go back to calling section
Figure 1
RS-232 Pak, it can be adapted to work
with a Y cable and disk drive.
Removing the ROM chip (U3) elim-
inates the memory conflict between
Disk BASIC and the Pak ROM. Cutting
the wire jumper connecting pads El and
Mark Crosby, from Hyrnera, Ind., is a
senior at Indiana State University
majoring in applied computer technol-
ogy. He has owned a Co Co for two
years and is currently compiling infor-
mation to construct an interactive space
flight Simulation.
which triggers the non-maskable inter-
rupt and the cartridge interrupt detec-
tion input of the computer. When the
CART Pin is active, the computer
resets. If you have the disk controller
connected, the computer shows the
opening credits.
After all the hardware modifications
are done, it is just the exchange of
routines to be able to communicate
through the Pak.
The input routine could look like that
in Figure 1.
The output routine could look like
that in Figure 2.
70
THE RAINBOW November 1986
OUT
P5H5
B
sawe ths contents of B
0UT1
LDB
$FF6g
get status of RCIR
RNDB
8$10
check for full transmit register
•
BEQ
□UT1
if full, go back and check again
STfl
$FF6B
t ransmi t data
PULS
B
retrieve B
□ T C
H 1 b
go dacK to calling section
•
Figure 2
These lines replace all programming
required for the bit-banger method, and
it is a lot faster too.
In addition to making the hardware
change and using Remot232 program
or some other routine, you need to tell
the 6551 AC1A what communication
parameters you want to use. You can do
this by poking certain values into the
control register (location $FF6B) and
the command register (location
SFF6A). To configure the RS-232 Pak
for 300 Baud, one stop bit, 7-bit word
length, even parity and no echo, the
following values need to be poked to the
registers before loading Remot232\
PDKE$HFF6B , 54 (press ENTER)
PD!<E$HFF6fl , 107 (press ENTER)
For different settings, consult pages
15 and 16 of the manual that came with
your RS-232 Pak.
One you have made all modifications
and poked the cpntrol and command
registers, LDRDM and execute
Remot232. Now you may control your
CoCo via an external terminal, say a
Model 100 or a full 80-column terminal.
I tested the modification by changing
the RS-232 routines in the Remote2
program. It worked well at 300 Baud
and allowed the use of the printer. □
To
Cartridge
Connector
To
DB-25
Connector
Cut this jump wire.
U1
t R1 u
To Cartridge E
pins 4 and 8. X
U3
Remove this chip
to make sure that
there is not any
competition for
address between
Disk basic and
Cartridge ROM.
Figure 3
7D00
01
00330
BREAK
FCB
$01
7D01
01
00340
CORNER
FCB
$01
7D02
01
00350
LFFLG
FCB
$01
7D03
00
00360
PRTFLG
FCB
$00
7D04
00
00370
ICASE
FCB
$00
7D05
00
00380
0CASE
FCB
$00
7D06
9F
00390
CURSOR
FCB
$9F
7D07
0400
00400
NOSCRL
FDB
$400
7D09
00
00410
COUNTR
FCB
$00
7D0A
00420
TABLE
RMB
$28
00430
^INITIALIZE RAM
HOOKS
7D32
BE
0168
00440
START
LDX
1+OHOOK
7D35
AF
8D 012D
00450
STX
1+NTSCRN,PCB
7D39
BE
016B
00460
LDX
1+IHOOK
7D3C
AF
8D 0193
00470
STX
1+IRET2 , PCR
7D40
86
7E
00480
LDA
#$7E
7D42
B7
0167
00490
STA
OHOOK
7D45
B7
01 6 A
00500
STA
IHOOK
7D48
30
8D 0048
00510
LEAX
OUT, PCR
7D4C
BF
0168
00520
STX
1+OHOOK
7D4F
30
8D 0115
005 30
LEAX
IN, PCR
7D53
BF
016B
00540
STX
1+IHOOK
00550
* MOVE
TABLE OF
ROM ADDRESS
005 60
*SET INKEY$ TO RAM BASED ROUTINE
7D56
8E
AA29
00570
M0VTBL
LDX
#$AA29
7D59
31
8C AE
00580
LEAY
TABLE , PCR
7D5C
10BF 0128
005 90
STY
$128
7D60
EC
81
00600
GETADD
LDD
,X++
7D62
ED
Al
00610
STD
,Y++
7D64
8C
AA51
00620
CMPX
#$AA51
7D67
26
F7
00630
BNE
GETADD
7D69
30
8D 0005
00640
LEAX
INKEY , PCR
7D6D
31
3C
00650
LEAY
-4,Y
7D6F
AF
A4
00660
STX
7D71
39
00670
RET
RTS
Editor's Note: Remot232 will be
included on RAINBOW ON TAPE as
well as RAINBOW ON DISK. To
transfer the file from tape to disk,
type CLOfiDM "REM0T232 ~ and
press ENTER. When the file has
loaded from tape, enter SRVEM
"REMQT232", & H7D00, S.H7E
E4,&H?D32
The listing: REMDT232
7D00
016A
0167
A000
006F
0070
00100
00110
00120
00130
00140
00150
00160
00170
00180
00190
00200
00210
00220
00230
00240
00250
00260
00270
00280
00290
00300
00310
00320
* REM0TE2 *
* AN IMPROVED REMOTE *
* TERMINAL *
* DRIVER FOR THE COCO BY*
* SCOTT TAYLOR RAINBOW *
* 11/85
* FROM THE ORIGINAL
* REMOTE PROGRAM BY
* DAN DOWNARD RAINDOW
* 11/83
* SET TO OPERATE ON A
* MODIFIED RS232 PROGRAM*
* PAK BY MARK CROSBY *
* 3/86 *
ORG $7D00
^EQUATES FOR ROM & RAM
IHOOK EQU $01 6 A
OHOOK EQU $0167
POLCAT EQU $A000
DEV EQU $6F
FLAG EQU $70
*
November 1986 THE RAINBOW 71
1
n n £ r> /it
00680
*CHECK KEYBOARD
AND
00690
*RS232 FOR INKEY$ 255
ftftt n n
00700
*TIMES IF NOTHING IN $87
7D7Z
96
Q 1
8 7
00710
INKEY LDA
<$87
7D74
o f
26
15
ft ft *1 f\ fl
00720
BNE
YES
7D76
86
FF
ft fti /t
LDA
#$FF
7D78
B7
7D09
rtft^ i ct
00740
STA
COUNTR
7D7B
AD
9F A000
Of Of ™T r~
00750
INKEY2 JSR
[POLCAT]
7D7F
26
0A
Of Of ^ ^ Of
00760
BNE
YES
7D81
T1 TV
BD
7E88
00770
JSR
REMIN
7Do*f
O £
Z 0
Of c
05
or m o Of
00780
BNE
YES
/Dob
H A
7A
"7 F\Of Q
7D>jy
Of Of "7 OOf
00790
DEC
COUNTR
Z 0
ororo of of
00800
BNE
INKEY 2
Of Of O 1 /Tf
00810
^CHARACTER IN A
REGISTER
Of Of O O Of
00820
^BRANCH IF BREAK (A=$03)
OfOfQ OOf
008 J0
^CONVERT TO STRING
/Do d
o 1
81
ft 0
ft ft a / ft
00840
YES CMPA
#$03
7D8D
1 ftn t
1027
O (Tf "7 O
3078
ft ft n c ft
00850
LBEQ
$AE09
7D91
7E
A56B
Of Of Oi ^ Of
00860
JMP
$A56B
00870
*OUTPUT CHARACTER IF DEV-0
#
Of a r> /V
00880
* INSERT LINE FEEDS IF NEEDED
ft ft a ft ft
00890
*USE NEW PRINT
ROUTINE
7D94
06
n n r\ ft ft
00900
OUT PSHS
A, B
/ijy o
0D
Ot Of O 1 Of
00910
TST
<DEV
7D98
i n o £
1026
n n t
00C7
ft ft ft r\ ft
00920
LBNE
NTSCN1
7D9C
81
08
of or n o of
00930
CMPA
#$08
7D9E
11
1 A
1A
ft n n / ft
00940
BEQ
RM0UT2
"J T> A Of
7DA0
81
rt TV
0D
Of Of Oi C Of
00950
CMPA
#$0D
•In I n
7DA2
26
fly*
0E
Of Of Ok O^ Of
00960
BNE
REMOUT
Of Of ft ™T Of
00970
*CHECK IF LINE
FEEDS ARE
ft ft ft O Of
00980
*T0 BE SENT TO
REMO-TERM
/DA*+
r o
or or O ft or
00990
LDB
LFFLG
*7T\ A T
7DA7
2.1
11
or i ft it ft
01000
BEQ
RM0UT2
/DA9
86
ft A
0A
on on or
01010
LDA
#$0A
7 DAB
BD
"7 17 Tv C
7ED5
Of 1 Of ft Of
01020
JSR
RSOUT
TTV A T7
7 DAE
86
ft TV
0D
Of 1 Of O Of
01030
LDA
#$0D
7DB0
20
0o
Of i or / or
01040
BRA
RM0UT2
OM ft C ft
01050
*ECHO CHARACTER
IN PRTFLG
on ft c. ft
01060
*IF IT IS NOT =
TO 0
7DB2
F6
7D03
Of 1 Of T Of
01070
REMOUT LDB
PRTFLG
7DB5
27
03
Of 1 Of O Of
01080
BEQ
RM0UT2
■1 TX TX ^
7DB7
B6
^ T> Of Ot
7D03
Of 1 Of Of
01090
LDA
PRTFLG
or i i of or
01100
*CHECK OUTPUT FOR UPPER-C
of i i i or
01110
*0R LOWER- C AND
SEND IT
7DBA
F6
7D05
or i 1 ft or
01120
RM0UT2 LDB
OCASE
7DBD
BD
7EAC
Of ^ 1 A /t
01130
JSR
CKCASE
7DC0 BD
7ED5
Of ^ ^ / Of
01140
JSR
RSOUT
7DC3
35
06
Of ^ ^ r or
01150
0RET1 PULS
A, B
7DC5
34
Of 1 1 £ Of
01160
0RET2 PSHS
B,X,Y
01170
*CHECK FOR BREAK KEY
7DC7
F6
0154
01180
LDB
$154
7DCA
CI
BF
Of ^ 1 A Of
01190
CMPB
#$BF
7DCC
27
2C
or i n or or
01200
BEQ
PULL
7DCE
9E
o o
88
Of 1 ft 1 Of
01210
LDX
$88
7DD0
81
08
01220
CMPA
#$08
7DD2
27
JO
Ofl O QOf
01z J0
BEQ
BKSPC
7DD4
81
0D
01240
CMPA
#$0D
\
CHECKING ACCOUNT INFORMATION SYSTEM
Let your CoCo ease the task of aanagino your checkin
accounts with CAIS. Record deposits, checks, AT
transactions, interest, service charges and other
debit/credit transactions. Reconcile and balance your
accounts in iinutes. Search and edit capabilities.
Requires 32K and 1 disk drive (ain). Printer optional.
To order, send check or MO for 24.95 plus 2.50 S/H to:
(SC res. add 51 sales tax)
After Five Software
P.O. Sox 210975
Cohibii, S.C, 29221-0975
(Reviewed in RAINBOW April '86 issue, pg. 1B5)
RAINBOW
CERTIFICATION
SEAL
7DD6
7DD8
7DDA
7DDC
7DDE
7DE0
7DE2
7DE4
7DE6
7DE8
7DEA
7 DEC
7DEE
7DF0
7DF2
7DF4
7DF6
7DF8
7DFA
7DFD
7DFF
7E01
7E03
7E04
7E06
7E08
7E0A
7E0C
7E10
7E13
7E15
7E17
7E19
7E1C
7E1F
7E21
7E24
7E26
7E29
7E2C
7E2E
7E31
7E33
7E35
7E37
7E39
7E3C
7E3E
7E3F
7E41
7E43
7E45
7E47
7E49
7E4B
7E4D
7E50
7E52
7E54
7E56
7E57
7E59
7E5B
7E5D
7E5F
7E62
27
81
25
81
22
86
20
81
22
8B
20
81
22
20
81
22
80
20
8C
26
8D
35
39
A7
9F
86
20
108E
10AF
9F
86
20
BE
8C
25
8C
25
8E
E6
E7
8C
26
9F
C6
E7
8C
26
39
96
81
25
80
20
C6
E7
8C
26
8D
20
4C
81
26
9F
35
CC
39
67
20
25
IF
04
60
20
3F
04
40
18
5F
02
12
7F
0E
60
0A
0600
02
18
34
80
88
0A
EE
6060
82
88
0A
E8
7D07
0400
05
05E0
03
0400
88 20
80
05E0
F6
88
60
80
0600
F9
89
20
04
20
F8
60
80
0600
04
C5
07
20
EE
88
34
0A01
01250
01260
01270
01280
01290
01300
01310
01*320
01330
01340
01350
01360
01370
01380
01390
01400
01410
01420
01430
01440
01450
01460
01470
01480
01490
01500
01510
01520
01530
01540
01550
01560
01570
01580
01590
01600
01610
01620
01630
01640
01650
01660
01670
01680
01690
01700
01710
01720
01730
01740
01750
01760
01770
01780
01790
01800
01810
01820
01830
01840
01850
01860
01870
01880
01890
'01900
01910
01920
01930
01940
01950
01960
01970
BEQ ENTER
CMPA #$20
BLO PULL2
CMPA #$1F
BHI CMP2
LDA #$60
BRA PUTIT
★TRANSLATE ASCII VALUE
TO
★SCREEN
CMP 2
CHAR VALUE
CMP 3
CMP4
PULL
PULL2
PUTIT
FIXCUR
BKSPC
CMPA
#$3F
BHI
CMP 3
ADDA
#$40
BRA
PUTIT
CMPA
#$5F
BHI
CMP 4
BRA
PUTIT
CMPA
#$7F
BHI
PUTIT
SUBA
#$60
BRA
PUTIT
CMPX
#$600
BNE
PULL2
BSR
SCROLL
PULS
B,X,Y
RTS
STA
,x+
STX
$88
LDA
#$0A
BRA
PULL
LDY
#$6060
STY
,-x
STX
$88
LDA
#$0A
BRA
PULL2
★CHECK IF SCROLL PROTECTED
★AREA IS IN RANGE OF $400
★TO $5E0, SCROLL SCREEN
SCROLL
MAKEX
SCROL2
LASTLN
LDX
NOSCRL
CMPX
#$400
BLO
MAKEX
CMPX
#$5E0
BLO
SCRPL2
LDX
#$400
LDB
$20, X
STB
,x+
CMPX
#$5E0
BNE
SCROL2
STX
$88
LDB
#$60
STB
,X+
CMPX
#$600
BNE
LASTLN
RTS
★CLEAR
* f ENTER
ENTER
COMP
TO END OF LINE IF
KEY IS PRESSED
ENT
INCRE
FINISH
LDA
CMPA
BLO
SUBA
BRA
LDB
STB
CMPX
BNE
BSR
BRA
INCA
CMPA
BNE
STX
PULS
LDD
RTS
$89
#$20
ENT
#$20
COMP
#$60
,X+
#$600
INCRE
SCROLL
FINISH
#$20
ENT
$88
B,X,Y
#$0A01
72 THE RAINBOW November 1986
7E63
35
(76
01980 NTSCN1
PULS
A,B
/ 1LAO
093 AO
PTC
7E65
7E
7DC5
01990 NTS CRN
JMP
ORET2
7FA0
F6
r 0
09370
LDB
ICASE
02000 *INPUT FROM KEYBOARD OR
093A0
)0Z JO)9
IF CHAR
SHOULD BE
02010 *RS232
IF DEV-0
09 30O
OR LOWERCASE AND
02020 *USE RSIN FOR REMOTE INPUT
IT ACCORDINGLY
7E68
B6
7DJI6
02030 IN
LDA
CURSOR
lit LC
CM
CMPR
7E6B
A7
9F 0088
02040
STA
[$88]
71? ATT
z 0
0 B
RNF
CMPR 9
7E6F
0F
r
70
02050
CLR
<FLA6
0 X
Dl
09 A30
CMPA
#S61
try w X
7E71
0D
r
6F
02060
TST
<DEV
7PTIO
Z J
13
RT A
PET9
Aid
7E73
26
5D
02070
BNE
IRET2
81
0 X
7A
09 A50
cmpa
fry / A
7E75
32
62
02080
LEAS
2,S
7FRA
/ LDO
z z
1. j.
RHT
RET2
7E77
34
15
02090
PSHS
B,CC,X
/ LDO
fid
90
09 A70
SUB A
#$20
7E79
AD
9F A000
rrr
02100 INI
JSR
[POLCAT]
7FRA
/ LDA
09 A80
yz *toy
RTS
7E7D
27
02
02110
BEQ
RSCHK
7FHR
09
09AQ0
CMPB
#$02
7E7F
20
4F
02120
BRA
NOCHNG
7FRfi
/ EdDU
96
zo
OA
09 500
BNE
A«P Ail Awl
RET2
7E81
BD
7E88
02130 RSCHK
JSR
REMIN
7FRF
A1
HI
09 51 0
CMPA
VAil Z&
#841
7E8A
27
F3
02140
BEQ
INI
7FP1
r "
09 590
BLO
A^ 1
RET2
■AAA i A *-
7E86
20
r
42
02150
BRA
IRET1
7FC3
81
5A
09 530
yz3 jy
CMPA
#$5A
7E88
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CLRA
M ulti-Pak Versatility
Many owners of the Multi-Pak Interface (MPI)
have found it frustrating that they cannot switch
to any of the four slots while remaining in Disk
BASIC. Here is a simple method to accomplish this.
The control port at SFF7F controls two cartridge
select lines, the CTS and SCS lines. This location
contains an 8-bit value. The high-order four bits
control the CTS and the low-order four bits control
the SCS. The value of each of these nibbles can
range from $0 to $3. In rough terms, the CTS nibble
selects which slot the processor is using for software
and the SCS nibble selects which slot is to be used
for I/O.
To select Slot 4 for Disk BASIC and disk I/O,
enter P0KE&HFF7F,&H33. As another example,
suppose you want to keep Disk BASIC software but
want to perform I/O out of an RS-232 Pfck in Slot
2, Then you would enter P0KE&HFF?F,&H3l. The
idea is that the first hexadecimal digit represents
the slot number for software after subtracting a
value of one. The second hexadecimal represents
the slot desired for I/O after subtracting a value
of one.
Stephen R. Wilson
Riverside, CA
10 FREE DISKS GIVEN FOR EACH
PROGRAM PURCHASED
B-FILES
THE NEW EXTRAORDINARY FILE SYSTEM
FOR THE BASIC PROGRAMMER
Now for the first time there Is a file system which utilizes the 8k of unused
memory locate above Disk Basic. B-Files is a file system which does not
need an array to dump Its date Into. Access to any record in the file is done
by using only one string variable. Since each file Is saved to high RAM and
since no array is needed to hold the data, B-Flles saves program memory.
Example: Load 1111 seven character words into the computer at one time
and save a total of 13327 bytes of program memory. Use B-Flles to save
words, graphic characters, adventure game descriptions, video tape data,
or anything else you can think of. B-Flles are faster loading than seqentlal
or random files. B-flies have already been used in many of our programs
which are on the market today. Never before has such a file system been
used for the COCO. B-Flles comes complete with learning manual and
demonstration programs on disk.
64k COCO, COCO II, One Disk Drive $29.98
THE FILE VIEWER
With this program on any of your disk, you'll never have to remember a file
name again. Simply call up this program and every file on the disk will be
displayed on a Hl-Res. screen. It will also tell you If the file Is a Basic, machine
language, Basic data, or text editor source file. Simply move the file marker
on the screen to the file you wish to load and press ENTER. The file will
load and start for you. Also, use File Viewer to name your disk. The disk
name will then appear at the top of the Hi-Res screen, above the desk file
names. If you have a large library of disks, then you'll need File Viewer, the
simple and easy way of loading programs.
64k COCO, COCO II, One Disk Drive, $24.98
SECA, P.O. Box 3134, Gulf port, MS 39505(601) 832-8236
Ms. Res. add 6% aales tax. Include S3 for S/H. Make funds payable to SECA. New authors
needed. Dealer Inquires welcomed. No Refunds or Exchanges. See previous Issues for other
software.
10 FREE DISKS GIVEN FOR EACH
PROGRAM PURCHASED
November 1986 THE RAINBOW 73
EDUCATION NOTES
16K
ECB
Word Fun: The Three
Bears Come of Age
By Steve Blyn
Rainbow Contributing Editor
Once upon a time, there were
three bears. Wait a minute! Why
do we always have to hear about
bears? Why can't it be chickens or cows
instead? Talking cows living in a house
in the woods are really no more or less
preposterous than talking bears. And,
for that matter, can't bears jump over
the moon?
This month we have a short, fun
program. There is really no skill devel-
opment intended except to develop
familiarity with using language. A one-
page screen showing the beginning of
The Three Bears is shown. Five of the
keywords in the story are left out and
replaced by stars. At the bottom of the
screen is a word list.
The appearance of the program's
screen is that of a Cloze exercise. But
a Cloze program looks for correct
answers. We are hoping only for a
pleasant reading experience. Any of the
words from the word list may be se-
lected. Use the right-arrow to get the
Steve Blyn teaches both exceptional
and gifted children, holds two master's
degrees and has won awards for the
design of programs to aid the handi-
capped. He owns Computer Island and
lives in Staten Island, New York,
special cursor to the word you want to
use and press ENTER.
Any of the words may be inserted
anywhere in the story. Use the right-
arrow to position the word underneath
any part of the story and press ENTER.
Make sure the last letter of the chosen
word is directly underneath the last
letter of the word or star line to be
replaced. The word you are using will
jump up and take the place of the word
above.
Youngsters and slow readers espe-
cially enjoy this type of program. There
are no right or wrong answers. The child
gets an opportunity to manipulate story
pieces in a creative experience or a just-
for-fun activity. There is no real begin-
ning or end. The child can stop at any
time to read his story and continue to
edit and change it indefinitely.
The story the child creates can be very
sensible, very humorous or absolute
nonsense. It really doesn't matter
which. We are hoping that the children
work on using words and creating
original thoughts. Sometimes it seems
to take a bulldozer to get reluctant
readers to become involved in a story.
We found that this type of fun approach
can often break the ice with these
students. Active and enthusiastic partic-
ipation is certainly better than reluc-
tance and anxiety, and creates a positive
and receptive attitude for the expe-
rience.
The program can be ended by the
child anytime while selecting a new
word. Pressing the letter 'E' clears the
screen and ends the program.
Lines 80 to 120 print the original
story with the keywords starred out.
Line 150 prints the 16 words we have
selected to use. They are contained in
the DRTR lines 380 to 410. These words
can be changed, of course, to add
variety to the program. The children
should be encouraged to come up with
alternative sets of suitable or humorous
words of their own. These may be
substituted by you into the DRTR lines.
Lines 170 to 260 contain the routine
for going through the choice of words
to use. The cursor, CHR$(201), is
moved from word to word by pressing
the right-arrow key, CHR$(9). If
ENTER, CHR$(I3), is pressed, then that
word is selected. If the 'E' is pressed, the
program ends.
Lines 280 to 360 contain the routine
for moving the selected word through
the story. Line 350 waits for ENTER to
be pressed. When it is pressed, the word
is inserted in the story immediately
above its current position.
We hope your children enjoy working
74 THE RAINBOW November 1986
vith this program. We encourage you to the story itself. This will enable you to Children most enjoy those programs
lelp them alter the data words and even create new versions to save and enjoy, they have had a hand in creating. □
#f —
V/ 150 205
310 254
END 110
The listing: FUNWORDS
10 REM" FUN WITH WORDS "
20 REM" STEVE BLYN , COMPUTER ISLAN
D,NY,1986"
30 C=l
40 GH$=STRING$(32,2j37)
50 DIM A$(18)
60 FOR T= 1 TO 1 6 : READ A$(T):NEX
T T •
70 CLS5
B0 PRINT@0," ONCE UPON A TI
ME THERE"
90 PRINT© 6 4, "WERE 3 ****. THEY
WENT FOR A" ;
100 PRINT @ 12 8 , "WALK IN THE **
**. A LITTLE"
11J3 PRINT@192, "**** CAME TO T
HEIR ****.SHE"
120 PRINT §2 5 6, "JUMPED ON THE
BABY'S ****. " ;
130 PRINT @ 3 20, " =======WORD======
===LIST========" ;
140 PRINT@352," " ; : FOR T= 1 TO 4
: PRINT: NEXT T
150 C=l:FOR T= 1 TO 16: PRINT @3 4
5+(8*T) ,A$(T) :NEXT T
160 J$=CHR$(201)
170 M=352:PRINT@M, J$;
180 B$=" BEARS"
190 EN$=INKEY$
200 IF EN$=CHR$(13) THEN GOTO 27
0
210 IF EN$="E" THEN CLS : END
220 IF EN$=CHR$(9) THEN 240
230 GOTO 190
240 K=8 : PRINT @M,CHR$( 143 ) ; : PRINT
@M+K, J$; :M=M+K:C=C+1:B$=A$ (C)
250 IF C>16 THEN M=344 : C=0 : PRINT
@480,CHR$(207) ;
260 GOTO 190
270 X=l:GOSUB 370:PLAY"O3L25BEG"
:P=34:PRINT@P,B$;
280 EN$=INKEY$
290 IF EN$=CHR$(9) THEN PRINT@P+
X-1,CHR$(207) ; :PRINT@P+X,B$; :X=X
+ 1
300 IF P+X=59 THEN P=97 : X=0 : GOSU
B 370
310 IF P+X=124 THEN P=161:X=0:GO
SUB 370
320 IF P+X=188
SUB 370
330 IF P+X=252
SUB 370
340 IF P+X=316
UB 370
THEN P=225:X=0:GO
THEN P=289:X=0:GO
THEN P=34:X=0:GOS
350 IF EN$=CHR$(13) THEN PRINT@P
+X-33,B$; :PLAY"O4L50CEG":GOSUB 3
70: GOTO 140
360 GOTO 280
370 PRINT§32,GH$; :PRINT@96,GH$; :
PRINT@160,GH$; :PRINT@224,GH$; : PR
INT@288,GH$; : RETURN
380 DATA BEARS , GIRLS , BOYS , COWS
390 DATA SAND, CITY, WOODS, FIELD
400 DATA DOG, GIRL, MOUSE, SMURF
410 DATA HOUSE, ROOM, TOYS, BED
420 DATA
t I
BACK TO COMPUTING!
Name Brand
DISKS
$1.00 1
DS DD wl Tyvek Sleeves
Buy 5 get FREE Case
Buy 10— Color Case
C-10 Cassettes 59c
Dot Matrix/Graphics
PRINTER
$199
Cilzen 12CO/NLQ
Silver Reed DW
$289
SOFTWARE
over 180 titles
discounted
Games up to 50%
Books/Others20%
CoCoMaxll w/Y
Cable $95
Composite
MONITORS
start at
$79
12" Samsung amber
12 "Sakata HIRES , .399
13 "Color/Sound .$159
5V4 40-Track Slim
DISK DRIVES
$90
DS DD Hi-Tech (u.s.)
W/Case/Pwr $139
TeacDS . . .$109
Smart Auto
MODEMS
$189
300/1200 Baud
Hayes Comp
Free Cable!
SYSTEMS
IBM Compatible
S499
256K Kit/135WPS/
Enh Keybd/Color/
Flip Case/360K Drive
MISCELLANEOUS
Keyboards from $25
Disk Cases/60 . .$16
Printer Intf $40
Video Driver . . .$24
Power Strip , . . . $16
Swivel Base, . , , $16
PARTS
•EPROMS •ROMS
•CONTROLLERS
•MEMORY DRAMS
•CABLES -KITS -ICS
•PAPER -LABELS
• RIBBONS
•DAISY WHEELS
POLYGON COMPUTERS
1316 Wltshlr© Blvd., Suit© 206 ' '
Los Angeles, CA 9001 7
(2 13)463 83 3 8 Shipping Charges:
Calif, res. add 6V 3 % tax 2% or $3.00 mln.
Ail prices subject Monitors/Printers
to change/stock avail. Hardware extra
November 1986 THE RAINBOW 75
Derringer Software.
Max Fonts
New for CoCo Max
Now you can have up to 72 fonts for creating
dazzling type-set titles and special displays!
3 SETS OF 24 FONTS
WHICH ARE OUT OF THIS WORLD!
$
OA
95
each
3/m
95
Wrilten by Wally Bayer and Mike Shawaluk
Max Edit
© 1985 Snard Enterprises
A FONT EDITOR FOR
COCO MAX
• Edit current fonts
• Create new fonts
• Design symbol fonts
• Comes with pre-defined fonts
• CoCo Max I & II compatible
CoCo's Best
& Fastest
Spreadsheet
RS-DOS
VERSION
FOR 64K
DISK SYSTEMS
(Disk Only)
• 51 x 24
Display with
Lower Case
Super-fast Smart
Screen Refresh
• Auto-Repeat
Keyboard Driver
• Fast 16-Digit Arithmetic
with Scientific Functions
Two-way communications
with PRO-COLOR-FILE
★ Enhanced*
Written by: Michael W. Shawaluk
CoCo Max* is a registered trademark of Colorware.
Serving the Color
Computer for 4 Years.
PROCOLORFILE
© 1984 by Derringer Software, Inc.
ENHANCED 2.0
60 Data Fields for each record
1020 spaces available per record if needed
Maximizes multiple drive operation
28 equation lines (h — V)
IF-THEN-ELSE logic test in equations
Full Screen editing on up to 4 data entry screens
Key click and auto key repeat
Stores custom designed report formats
Obtain totals, averages, or summaries for any field
Output reports to printer, screen, or disk file
Send data out to a DYNACALC compatible file
Separate label generator for up to 10 across labels
Pre-define up to 16 indexes for searching/reporting file
Sorts 750 records in under 5 minutes
User defined selection menus
Repeated tasks performed with one keystroke
Comes with 75 pages of documentation in a 3 ring binder
Supported by a national users group
Full time programmer support
Supplied on an unprotected disk
$ 59
95
PRO-COLOR-FORMS 2.0
© 1984 by Derringer Software, Inc.
PRO-COLOR-FORMS will access data f iles created with
PRO-COLOR-FILE and merge them with a letter or place them
on pre-printed forms.
• STORE UP TO 6 FORMATS • USER DEFINED PAGE SIZE
• SUPPORTS SPECIAL PRINTER CONTROL CODES • RIGHT
JUSTIFICATION • PASSWORD PROTECTION • MERGES
WITH GRAPHICS FROM MASTER DESIGN OR
TELEGRAPHICS ■
PR0C0L0RDIR
- <& 1984 by Derringer Software, Inc.
PRO-COLOR-DIR will read your directories and create a
master data file that can be accessed by PRO-COLOR-FILE
for sorting and reporting, 1000 + records can be stored on
one diskette with valuable information about each program.
You can obtain hard copies of the information and create
labels of the filenames for placing on the diskette itself,
• DISK ID NAME ■ FILENAME/EXT • TYPE OF FILE
• DATE CREATED • DATE UPDATED • NUMBER OF
GRANS ALLOCATED • NUMBER OF SECTORS
ALLOCATED AND USED • MACHINE LANGUAGE
ADDRESSES •
95
FOR BOTH
DYNACALC"
SPREAD SHEET FLEXIBILITY
(Includes Dynagraph, Sidewise)
$JQ95
Telewriter-64,.
WORD PROCESSOR POWER
$5Q95
Coco Max II
GRAPHICS SUPERIOR
$JQ95
@ SUMMARY
© 1985 Derringer Software, Inc.
If you use your spreadsheet program to keep track of your
expenses then ©SUMMARY can help you analyze those
expenses. For example, if you indicate a "Category" for each
expense then @ SUMMARY will produce a report that shows
a total for each category, the highest amount, the lowest
amount and the average amount. In addition, ©SUMMARY
can produce a hi-res line graph or bar graph of the analysis
and allow you to place titles on the graph. A hardcopy of the
graph can also be generated as wed as saved to disk.
The analysis can be saved in a "data file" which can be
loaded into DYNACALC or read in by @ SUMMARY for future
additions to the analysis. If you use other Spreadsheets such
as ELITE*CALC then you have added a graphing feature to
your spreadsheet applications. The analysis can also be saved
in an ASCII file which can be read by word processors for
inclusion in a report.
@ SUMMARY is compatible with any spreadsheet program
that can generate an ASCII text file of worksheets.
Specify RS-DOS
or 0S9*
(disk only)
S1Q95
*0S9 version does not
have Hi-Res graphing
and requires Basic09.
DYNACALC ' is a registered trademark of Computer Systems Center
ELITE* CALC is a trademark of Elite Software
0S9 is a registered trademark of MICRO WARE and MOTOROLA.
SIDEWISE
€ 1984 by Derringer Software, Inc.
Add a new "twist" to your printer's capabilities!
SIDEWISE makes your printer do something you never
thought possible- print side ways!
SIDEWISE will read in any ASCII text file and print it out
side ways using a Radio Shack, Epson, Okidata, C-ltoh or
Gemini printers having dot-graphics ability.
SIDEWISE 0S9 is compatible with DYNACALC OS9 and
requires Basic09
SIDEWISE 0S9
(Disk only)
SIDEWISE RS-DOS
$3Q95
$2495*
* RS-DOS version included FREE with DYNACALC
0S9is a registered trademark of MICROWARE and MOTOROLA.
TELEGRAPHICS
© 1984 by Derringer Software, Inc.
PRINT HI-RES GRAPHICS USING TELEWRITER-64!
Use CoCo Max, Graphicom or other graphics programs to
create letter heads and print them while using Telewriter-64.
Telegraphies interfaces with Radio Shack, Epson, Gemini,
C-ltoh and Okidata printers having dot-addressable graphics.
A simple modification to Telewriter-64 will allow you to exit
Telewriter via the DISK I/O MENU and print out the graphic
without affecting any of your text in the buffer.
This is the same feature that is included in our MASTER
DESIGN program. Since we felt you don't need to buy two
graphics editing programs, we have made this feature available
at a reduced price.
$2495
(Available Only On Disk)
NO OTHER DISCOUNTS APPLICABLE
MASTER DESIGN
© 1984 by Derringer Software, Inc.
Generates lettering in hi-res graphics that can be different
sizes, skinny, bold, textured, droj) shadowed, raise shadowed
or tall. Also interfaces with the telewriter-64 word processor
for printing hi-res displays with your letters.
Take full advantage of al I the extended BASIC hi-res graphic
commands including boxes, circles, lines, copy displays and
utilize GET and PUT features. Added commands include mirror
reflection, turn displays backwards or upside down. Squish
displays, create dot patterns for shading or diagonal lines.
The Letterhead Utility allows you to access hi-res graphics
from Telewriter-64, your own BASIC programs or
PRO-COLOR-FORMS.
Interfaces with dot matrix printers having dot addressable
graphics.
$2995
See reviews in'
July 84 Rainbow. Oct. 84 Hot CoCo
Derringer Software, Inc.
PO Box 5300, Florence, SO 29502-5300
To place an order by phone, call: (803) 665-5676
10 AM and 5 PM EOT
Check, Money Order, VISA or MasterCard
South Carolina residents add sales tax.
Include $3.00 for UPS Shipping - $5.00 U.S. Mail - $9.00 Air Mail
Canadian Distributor-Kelly Software
Australian Distributor-Computer Hut Software
CORRECTIONS
"The Meaning of Life" (June 1986, Page 196):
William Barden has written to offer a correction for
Listing 3, Driver \ which appears on Page 204. Line 490
should read:
49J3 DATA &HCC, &H7F, &H5F, &HFD
"Do-It- Yourself Video Output Board" (September
1986, Page 171): Tim Mcintosh has written to correct
the article which appeared with his video driver
schematic. The article states that the driver will
properly drive a color composite monitor as well as
a monochrome monitor. This, however, is not the
case. The driver will not work with a color composite
monitor. We thank Tim for this correction and
apologize for any inconvenience it has caused.
"The Adventure Processor" (August 1986, Page 26):
Bill Cook writes to tell us of an inadvertent omission
from his Adv-Pro program. Lines 630 and 640 create
strings consisting of the first four characters of each
verb and object keyword. For proper operation, each
verb and keyword must contain at least four charac-
ters. The program can be corrected by making the
following changes:
630 A$= ,I NV="+STR& (NV) +" : FORI=lTO
NV":GOSUB172
631 A$="TFLEN(V$(I) )<4 THEN V$(I
)=V$(I)+CHR$(32) :GOTO»+STR$(LN) :
GOSUB172
632 A$="V1$=V1$+LEFT$ (V$ (I) , 4) :N
EXT M :GOSUB172
640 A$="FORI=lTO 0":GOSUB172
641 A$="IFLEN(0$(I,2) ) <4 THENO$ (
I , 2 ) =0$ ( I , 2 ) +CHR$ (32): GOTO"+STR$
(LN) :GOSUB172
642 A$= ,, Nl$=Nl$+LEFT$(0$(I / 2) ,4)
-.NEXT" :GOSUB172
A previously generated Adventure can be corrected
by adding spaces to verb strings consisting of less than
four characters. Object keywords which contain less
than four characters and appear in data statements
must be enclosed with quotes and additional spaces
added to bring the total number of characters to four.
"Junk Food" (November 1984, Page 90): David
Taylor has writtetl to offer a modification for Junk-
food. This modification allows the program to load
from disk. Enter the following program, Jnkfix, and
follow the saving procedures listed after it.
10 READ W:IF W=0 THEN2J3 ELSE POK
E W,4:GOT01j3
2 ft READ W: IF W=0 THEN 3 p ELSE POK
E W,5:GOT02j3
30 READ W,Q:IF W=J3 THEN40 ELSE P
OKE W,Q:GOTO30
4.0 W=16084
50 READ Q:IF Q=0 THEN60 ELSE POK
EW , Q : W=W+ 1 : GOTO50
60 END
100 DATA14572 , 14583 , 14593 ,14599 ,
14605, 14621, 14631, 14680, 14702 ,14
724,14798,14911,14967,14977,1498
8 , 15064 , 15073 , 15102 ,0
110 DATA14809 , 14865 , 14947,14998,
15041,15114,0
120 DATA12314,126,12315,62,12316
,212,14532,201,14535,202,14578,6
, 14637 , 6 , 14642 , 126 ,14643 , 62 , 1464
4,224,0,0
130 DATA183,255,199,183,255,200,
183,255,203,126,48,29,183,255,19
8,183,255,201,183,255,202,126,57
,53,0
Enter the program carefully and save it. Then
perform the following steps:
1) PCLEAR1 (press ENTER)
2) RUN (Listing 1)
3) RUN (Listing 2)
4) RUN (Listing 3)
5) RUN (Listing 4)
6) RUN JNKFIX
7) SflVEM" JUNKF00D" , 12288, 1G107, 12288
Now LORDM Junkfood from disk and execute it.
For quicker service, Corrections will be posted on
Delphi as soon as they are available in the Info on
Rainbow topic area of the database. Just type DATR at
the CoCo SIG prompt and INFO at the Topic? prompt.
78 THE RAINBOW November 1 986
twans
W^t CoOIo (Halltgrapipr
Use your C0C0, your 8-bit dot addressable graphics
printer and the C0C0 Calligrapher to create beautiful
signs, invitations, flyers, greeting cards, diplomas, cer-
tificates, awards and love letters.
The original Calligrapher letters are 36 points ( 1 12 inch)
high and variably spaced. It includes an easy-to-use ,
menu-oriented program and these three typestyles:
Cartoon
Old English
<D1<I JZnuli^h Cort*«n
Gay Nineties
G©D Nineties
The C0C0 Calligrapher requires 32K ECB.
Tape $24.95/Disk $29.95
ADDITIONAL TYPESTYLES
These tapes of additional typestyles are available for
$19.95 each. They can be easily moved to disk. The
original Calligrapher program is required.
Tape 1 - Reduced, Reversed, and Reduced-Reversed
versions
Old English
Gay Nineties
Cartoon
Alt typestyles on Tapes 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 include Stan-
dard (1/2 inch), Reversed, Reduced, and Reduced-
Reversed unless otherwise noted.
Tape 2: Broadway/Old Style
t
Tape 3: Business/Antique
Business f$?titiqti€
These disks of additional typestyles are
available for $49.95 each.
Disk 1 - all type styles on Tapes 1 , 2 and 3.
Disk 2 - all type styles on Tapes 4, 5 and 6.
Tape 4: Wild West/Checkers
Wild West CGecGer
Tape 5: Star
Hebrew
Victorian (Standard and Reverse only)
Tape 6: Block/Computer
Block
CompuTEPi
%\\t ©^-9 Olalligraplier
These disks of additional typestyles are available for
$39.95 $49.95 each. They are not compatible with the C0C0
Requires OS-9 Version 01 .01 .00 and a dot matrix print- Calligrapher typestyles or program. OS-9 typestyle
er. The OS-9 Calligrapher reads a standard input text disk must be used with the OS-9 Calligrapher.
file which contains text and formatting directives to pro-
duce standard utput for printer or disk. You can specify Disk 1 - OS-9 version of all type styles on Tapes 1 , 2 and
which font to use; centering; left, right or full justification; 3.
line fill; narrow mode; margin; line width; page size; Disk 2 -OS-9 version of all type styles on Tapes 4, 5 and
page break and indentation. 6.
Dealer and author inquiries are al-
ways welcome. Canadian dealers
should contact Kelly Software Dis-
tributors, Ltd., P.O. Box 11932,
Edmonton, Alberta T5J-3L1, (403)
421-8003.
Disk software compatible with Radio
Shack DOS only.
SUGAR SOFTWARE
P.O. Box 7446
Hollywood, Florida 33081
(305) 981-1241
A complete catalog of other sweet
Sugar Software products is available.
Add $1.50 per program for postage and
handling. Florida residents add 5% sales tax.
COD orders are welcome. CIS orders EMAIL
to 70405, 1374. No refunds or exchanges.
is?"!
1
A useful update
for the
CoBBS system
CoBBS Message Editor
By Richard Duncan
The Co BBS system was presented in
November 1985, and quite a few
BBSs use it. There are editors for
just about every file in use on the
system, except for handling the message
base for certain problems or desires.
The CoBBS Message Editor is written
to handle some of the problems that
occasionally occur during normal BBS
operation.
SMH/EDI goes into the message
base and allows the user to modify
information contained in the header of
that message (e.g., menu number it was
posted to, active/deleted, private/
public, or the to/from/ subject informa-
tion). In addition, there is a renumber-
ing routine that allows a sequential
assignment of message numbers start-
ing at whatever the SysOp designates.
The routine can be used offline and
does not require that the driver be
loaded. There is no error trapping or
checking for carrier detect. This editor
Richard Duncan built a UHF television
station in Little Rock and is currently
the director of engineering for the
station. He is active in amateur radio
[WD5B] and especially interested in
packet communications, Richard lives
in Little Rock, Arkansas.
would normally only be used by the
SysOp and would not require these
features. Error trapping and carrier
check could easily be added to the
routine if required.
Booting Up
On running SMH the routine checks
the drives assigned to three files;
MENU/SYS, HDR/SYS and MSG/
SYS. These values will not be correct if
the editor is run before the BBS system
itself has been booted. When this oc-
curs, you are asked which drive each file
is on. Once this is taken care of, the
system loads in the name of the various
menus you have on the board and then
goes directly into the editor.
A menu is displayed before any mes-
sage information. This is the help menu
and can be seen or redisplayed by using
the H command. There are 16 com-
mands available.
Move Options
There are five commands that affect
movement around the message base.
Two commands, + and -, move forward
or backward respectively through the
message base. The GOTO command
locates a particular message number
within the base if available. ALL mes-
sages are displayed whether they are
active or deleted.
80 THE RAINBOW November 1986
Initially, every message is displayed
when entering the editor. If you only
want to view one particular area (menu
number), use the SET MENU com-
mand. When prompted, enter the menu
number you want to look at. Return to
viewing all messages by using this
command and responding with ALL
instead of a menu number.
There is a search feature that thumbs
through the header information for a
match. The SEARCH option prompts
for the string you want a match to. This
is a global search that checks the to,
from and subject at one time. The
search starts from the current location
to the end of the file. If a complete
search of the message base is desired, go
to the first message in the base before
starting the search.
Toggles
Four toggle commands are available.
The PUBLIC/PRIVT toggle deter-
mines whether the message is public or
private. A message may be deleted or
reactivated by the use of the K and A
commands. The KILL command is
used to delete the current message and
the ACTIVATE command allows a
deleted message to be reinstated. A
message that has been received can be
changed bapk to waiting on the user to
call again by the TOGGLE RCVD
command.
Modifiers
Occasionally, there is the need to
change the header information of who
the message is from, to or its subject.
The CHANGE HEADER command
allows this. Each particular part of the
address is displayed showing what the
original information is and requesting
the change. If just ENTER is pressed, the
current information will be retained,
while entering anything on this line
causes that part of the address to be
changed.
A message can be re-posted to a
different menu number by use of the
BOARD POST command. Type the
new menu number and press ENTER.
There is always a difference in opin-
ion about how a message board should
be operated. Co BBS was originally set
up to sequentially count the number of
messages entered from day one. Some
operators like to limit or change the
overall message count from time to
time. Using the RENUMBER com-
mand allows the SysOp to change each
message in a sequential order. It is best
to do this when there are no deleted
messages in the base or the renumbering
will appear broken to a user and will
disappear at the next message purge.
Other Commands
Once the message header appears, the
SysOp can then view the message text
by using the MESSAGE command. As
the text appears, pressing any key stops
the scroll and pressing any key again
restarts the viewing. Pressing the 'S' key
stops the display and returns to the
command menu. Scroll control is only
available from the keyboard.
The complete message may be
dumped at one time to either the screen
or the printer with the DUMP MES-
SAGE command. After selecting this
command, choose whether a screen
print or printer dump is desired.
The QUIT command allows termina-
tion of the message editor and the
option of going into BASIC or returning
the BBS.
The editor can be used online with the
CoBBS system. Again, note that there
100 137
215 123
300 142
360 29
470 59
590 115
720 159
840 160
END 63
The listing: SMH
0 ' SMH/EDI BY RICHARD DUNCAN
10 CLEAR 5000
15 DIM BN$(255)
20 DR$(0)="0":DR$(1)="1" :DR$(2) =
"2" : DR$ ( 3 ) -"3" : NU$=CHR$ (0 ) : MD=-1
25 CLS : PRINT" SYSTEM MESSAGE
EDITOR"
30 FOR X=4670 TO 4673 : IFPEEK (X) <
4 THEN 60
35 PRINT: PRINT "ERROR IN DRIVE NU
MBERS "
40 INPUT "MENU/ SYS DRIVE" ; X : POKE 4
673, X
45 INPUT" HDR/SYS DRIVE" ;X: POKE 4
670, X
50 INPUT" MSG/SYS DRIVE" ; X : POKE 4
671, X
55 G0T065 '
60 NEXTX
65 PRINT: PRINT: PRINT "WAIT ":P
RINT" GETTING MENU: "
70 REM - MENU/SS
75 G0SUB945
80 FOR R=l TO K2 STEP 4 '
85 GET#2,R:BN$=M5$:BN=ASC(M1$)
90 PRINTBN;TAB(10) ;M5$
95 K=INSTR(BN$,NU$) :IFK=0THEN K=
LEN(BN$)+1:BN$ (BN)=LEFT$ (BN$,K-1
)
100 BN$ (BN) =LEFT$ (BN$ , K-l) :NEXT
R: BN$ (255) =" SYSOP MSG"
105 CLOSE :GOSUB8 95 :GOSUB920
110 GET#1,1:RE=CVN(H1$) :MH=RE
115 FORB=2 TO Kl : GET#1 , B : F$=H2$ :
GOSUB130 : IFMID$ (F$ , 2 , 1) <>"1"THEN
RS=CVN(H1$) ELSE NEXT B:RS=RE
120 ML=RS:GET#1,1:R=1
125 GOSUB205:GOTO270
130 REM
135 F=ASC(F$) :E=128:F$=""
140 FOR Q=l TO 8
145 J=INT(F/E)
150 IF J=0 THEN F$=F$+"0"ELSEF$=
November 1986 THE RAINBOW 81
"The editor can
be used online
with the CoBBS
system."
is no error trap or carrier detect while
in the message editor. To modify
CoBBS for online access to this file,
follow this procedure: Load COBBS/
SYS. Retype Line 34 to read 34
L0fiD"5MH/EDI",R. Save COBBS/
SYS.
The message editor returns to CoBBS
by using the QUIT command and an-
swering *Y' to the option. There are no
other modifications required. Save this
editor on Drive 0 under the filename
SMH/EDL
After the modification is made to
COBBS/ SYS, the editor can be called
from the BBS by using a type " com-
mand. No additional data is required.
The Co BBS software originally came
out last fall in RAINBOW [November
1985, Page 135] and is available through
back issues of rainbow and rainbow
ON TAPE.
If you are operating a CoBBS system,
please send me your phone number,
BBS number and hours of operation
because I am compiling a directory of
CoBBS systems. In a future article I will
correct some problems in the original
CoBBS and look at some new addi-
tions. My address is 9821 Margie Circle,
Little Rock, AR 72209-6521. Please
enclose an SASE when writing. All
letters will be answered as soon as
possible. You can also find me on
Delphi (username RICH4COBBS). □
F$+"l n
155 F=F-(E*J) :E=E/2
160 NEXT Q
165 RETURN
17 j3 REM
175 E=1;F*=0 I
180 FOR Q=8 TO 1 STEP -1
185 IFMID$(F$ / Q / 1)="1"THEN F=F+E
190 E=E*2:NEXTQ:F$=CHR$(F)
195 RETURN
PLUG THIS INTO YOUR COCO
Engage mind and Connect the world
(or at least the electrical signals used to control
outside devices and instruments)
• Expansion Connector Breadboard, CC-100 accesses
the data, address, and control buses, $34.95
• TRS-80 Color Computer Interfacing, With Experi-
ments, No. 21893, explains and illustrates principles,
$14.95
• Experiment Component Package, CC-150, contains
the parts needed to do the experiments, $67.50
Add $1.50 per item for shipping or get all three for
$105.00 plus $3.00 shipping.
Maryland residents add 5% sales tax.
VISA/Master Card accepted. Call 301-298-5716. Free
catalog available.
PUTTING
HANDS
AND
MINDS
TOGETHER
RMNIOW
Qroup Sfechnology, JSlJ.
6925 Dogwood Road
Baltimore, MD 21207
200 GOSUB295
205 PRINT: PRINT
210 IF MD=-1 THENPRINT"ALL MENUS
" ELSE PRINT"MENU: " ;MD; "/ " ;BN$(
MD)
215 PRINT "MESSAGES" ;ML; "TO" ;MH
220 PRINT"<+>NEXT MSG # <G>OTO
ii
<M>ESS
<P>UBL
<D>UMP
<S>ET
<T>OGG
<Q>UIT
225 PRINT"<->LAST MSG
AGE TEXT"
230 PRINT "<?>SEARCH
IC/PRIVT"
235 PRINT "<K>ILL MSG
MESSAGE"
240 PRINT"<A>CTIVATE MSG <R>ENU
MBER"
245 PRINT "<B>OARD POST
MENU"
250 PRINT "<H>ELP MENU
LE RCVD"
255 PRINT "<C>HANGE HDR
260 RETURN
265 GOSUB295
270 LINE INPUT "COMMAND: ";CH$
275 IFCH$=""THEN265
280 ON INSTR ( "H — GM?PKDARCQHSBT" ,
CH$)+1 GOTO 270,370,395,420,450,
505,545,575, 600,655,680,735,2 85,
125,795,825,865
285 CLEAR100: LINEINPUT "RETURN TO
BBS? ";A$
290 X$=LEFT$ (A$, 1) : IFX$="Y"ORX$=
"y"THEN CLOSE : UNLOAD : LOAD" COBBS/
SYS",R ELSE END
295 REM-HDR PRINT
300 IF MD>-1ANDASC (H8$) OMD THEN
RETURN
305 PRINT#SC:PRINT#SC
310 IF R=l THENPRINT" SYSTEM RECO
RD #1!"
82 THE RAINBOW November 1986
315 Mj3=CVN(Hl$) :KF=INSTR(H5$,NU$
) :MF$=LEFT$(H5$,KF-1)
32j3 F$=H2$:GOSUB130:IFMID$(F$,2,
1) ="1"THENPRINT#SC; "-DELETED-"
325 KT=INSTR(KF+1,H5$,NU$) :XX=KT
-KF-1 : IFXX<1THEN MT$=" " : GOTO330E
LSE MT$=MID$(H5$,KF+1,XX)
330 KS=INSTR(KT+2 ,H5$,NU$) :XX=KS
-KT-1 : IFXX<1THEN MS$=" " : GOTO 3 3 5E
LSE MS$=MID$(H5$,KT+1,XX) :PF=0
335 IFMID$ (F$ , 1, 1) ="1"THENPRINT#
SC, "PRIVATE"
340 IFMID$(F$,3,1)="1"THEN X$="
<RCVD>" ELSE X$=""
345 F5=1:PRINT#SC, "MESSAGE #";M0
.h »;BN$(ASC(H8$) )
350 PRINT #SC,RIGHT$ (STR$ (ASC (LEF
T$(H3$,1) ) ) ,2) ;"/";RIGHT$(STR$(A
SC(MID$(H3$,2,1) ) ) ,2) ;"/";RIGHT$
(STR$(ASC(RIGHT$(H3$,1) ) ) ,2) ;"
";STR$ (ASC(LEFT$(H4$,1) ) ) ;": ";
355 A$=RIGHT$(STR$(ASC(RIGHT$(H4
$,1) ) ) ,2) :IFVAL(A$) >9THENPRINT#S
C, A$ELSEMID$ (A$ , 1, 1) ="0" : PRINT#S
C A$
360 PRINT #SC, "FROM: ";MF$:PRINT#
SC," TO: " ;MT$;X$:F5=1:F4=1:PRI
NT#SC,"SUBJ: "; MS $: PRINT #SC
365 RETURN
370 REM- +
375 R=R+l:IF R>K1 THEN R=l
380 GET#1,R:SA=0
385 IF MD>-1 AND ASC(H8$)OMD TH
EN 375
390 GOT0265
395 REM
400 R=R-1: IF R<1 THEN R=K1
405 GET#1,R:SA=0
410 IF MD>-1 AND ASC(H8$)OMD TH
EN 405
415 GOT0265
420 REM- G
425 PRINT :LINEINPUT "MESS AGE #";N
$
430 N=VAL(N$):IF N<ML OR N>MH TH
EN PRINT"OUT OF RANGE .": GOT02 70
435 FOR X=l TO Kl
440 GET#1,X:IF CVN(H1$)=N THEN R
=X:GOT0265
445 NEXTX: PRINT "MSG NOT AVAILABL
E":GOTO270
450 REM- M
455 GOSUB460:SC=0:GOTO270
460 R1=CVN(H6$) :R2=CVN(H7$)
465 FOR X=R1+1 TO R2
470 GET#2,X:A$=MG$:IFA$=STRING$(
80,255) THENPRINT # SC : RETURN
475 FOR Y=l TO LEN(A$)
480 PRINT#SC,MID$(A$,Y,1) ; :X$=IN
KEY$ : IFX$=" "THEN490
485 IFX$="S"ORX$="S"THEN500ELSEI
FINKEY$=" "THEN485
490 NEXTY
495 NEXTX
500 PRINT#SC: RETURN
505 REM- ?
510 U=R: PRINT: LINE INPUT "SEARCH S
TRING ! " ; S $
515 IF S$=""THEN270
520 FOR X=U+1 TO Kl
525 GET#1,X
530 IFINSTR(H5$,S$) >0 THEN R=X:G
OT0265
535 NEXT X:GET#1,U
540 PRINT "NOT FOUND. ": GOT02 70
545 REM- P
550 F$=H2$:GOSUB130
555 IFMID$ (F$, 1, 1) ="1"THENMID$ (F
$,1,1)="0":GOTO565
560 MID$(F$,1,1)="1"
565 GOSUB170:LSET H2$=F$
570 PUT # 1,R: PRINT: GOT02 70
575 REM- K
580 F$=H2$:GOSUB130
585 MID$(F$,2,1)="1":GOSUB170
590 LSET H2$=F$:PUT#1,R
TQTHIAN SOFTHARE
COCO TESTEM
Make multiple choice, matching, true/false,
completion, short answer tests. Complete
randomizing function. Requires printer with
underline ability. Works with tape or disk.
32K ECB tape. $19.95
TEACHER PAK
Both weighted and regular grading, seating
charts, alphabetizing, statistical analysis.
Works with tape or disk. 16K ECB tape. $34.95
BOTH COCO TESTEM AND TEACHER PAK - $47.95
D I SKMAN
Backup, reorganize, and alphabetize RS disk
directories. Examine & change sectors. Catalog
disk files. Printouts. 32K disk. $21.95
HOMEWARE
Versatile home management package. Use with
tape or disk. Five 16K ECB/ML modules on tape:
CALENDAR - Draw calendars. Various formats.
SAVINGS/LOANS - Personal finance calculators.
DIRECTORY - Keep track of phone numbers.
addresses, etc. Print address labels,
INVENTORY - For home records, hobbies, etc.
HOME-WRITER - Simple ML word. processing .
Single modules: $19.95 Whole set: $49.95
Pa. residents add G%. Send check or money
order - no cash - to:
Tothian Software, Inc.
Box 663
Rlmersburg, Pa. 16248
November 1986
THE RAINBOW
83
595 GOTO270
600 REM- D
605 PRINT: PRINT
610 PRINTTAB(5) ;"1-SCREEN"
615 PRINTTAB (5) ; " 2 -PRINTER"
620 LINEINPUT" >";CH$
625 0NINSTR("12",CH$)+1 GOTO 270
,630,635
630 SC=0:GOTO640
635 SC=-1
640 GOSUB295 .
645 GOSUB460
650 GOTO270
655 REM- A
660 F$=H2$:GOSUB130
665 MID$(F$,2,1)="0":GOSUB170
670 LSET H2$=F$:PUT#1,R
675 GOTO270
680 REM- R
685 PRINT :PRINT"MESSAGE RENUMBER
I it
•
690 LINEINPUT" STARTING NUMBER: "
;S$:S=VAL(S$)
695 IF S=0 THEN 270 ELSE ML=S
700 S=S-1
705 FOR X=2 TO Kl
710 GET#l,X:S=S+l:LSET H1$=MKN$ (
S)
715 PUT#1,X:NEXTX
720 GET#1,1:LSET H1$=MKN$ (S) : PUT
#1,1
725 MH=S
730 GET#l,2:GOT0125
735 REM- C
740 PRINT: PRINT "FROM: ";MF$
745 LINEINPUT "FROM: ";CH$
750 IFCH$=""THEN755ELSEMF$=CH$
755 PRINT" TO: ";MT$
760 LINEINPUT" TO: ";CH$
765 IFCH$=""THEN770ELSEMT$=CH$
770 PRINT"SUBJ: ";MS$
775 LINEINPUT "SUB J: ";CH$
780 IFCH$=""THEN785ELSEMS$=CH$
MAILING LIST
DATA INFORMATION PROGRAM
More than just another
mailing list program
See Rainbow Reviews
August '86, pg. 149
Requires 16K or 64K Tape or 64K Disk System
Price: $29.95
CROCKETT SOFTWARE
P.O. Box 1221
St. Ann, MO 63074
(314) 441-9278
We welcome:
Checks
C.O.D. (Add $3.00)
r j
785 LSET H5$=MF$+CHR$(0)+MT$+CHR
$(0)+MS$+STRING$(80,0)
790 SA=1:GOTO270
795 REM- S
800 PRINT: LINE INPUT "MENU # OR AL
L: "?CH$
805 IFCH$=""THEN270
810 IFCH$="ALL" THEN MD=-1 ELSE
MD=VAL ( CH$ )
815 IF MD<0 OR MD>255 THENPRINT"
MENU OUT OF RANGE. ":MD=0
820 GOTO270
825 REM- B
830 PRINT: PRINT "PRESENT MENU: " ;
BN$(ASC(H8$) )
835 LINEINPUT"POST TO #";CH$
840 IFCH$=""THEN270
845 X=VAL(CH$) :IFX<0ORX>255THENP
RINT "VALUE OUT OF RANGE" : GOT08 30
850 PRINT" POSTING TO: ";BN$(X)
855 LSET H8$=CHR$(X) :PUT#1,R
860 GOTO270
865 REM- T
870 F$=H2$:GOSUB130
875 IFMID$(F$,3,1)="1"THEN MID$ (
F$,3,1)="0":GOTO885
880 MID$(F$,3,1)="1"
885 GOSUB170:LSET H2$=F$
890 PUT#1,R:GOTO270
895 '-OPEN MSGHDR/SYS-
900 F$="HDR/SYS: "+DR$ (PEEK (4670)
)
905 OPEN"D",#1,F$,110
910 FIELD#1,5 AS Hl$,l AS H2$,3
AS H3$,2 AS H4$,80 AS H5$,5 AS H
6$, 5 AS H7$,l AS H8$,8 AS SP$
915 Kl=LOF ( 1 ): RETURN
920 '-OPEN MSG/SYS-
925 F$="MSG/SYS: "+DR$ (PEEK (4671)
)
930 OPEN"D",#2,F$,80
935 FIELD#2,80 AS MG$
940 K2=LOF (2 ): RETURN
945 '-OPEN BOARD MENU-
950 FF$="MENU/SYS: "+DR$( PEEK (467
3))
955 OPEN"D",#2,FF$,250
960 FIELD#2,1 AS Ml$,l AS M2$,l
AS M3$,l AS M4$,16 AS M5$,230 AS
M6$
965 K2=LOF (2 ): RETURN
84
THE RAINBOW November 1986
4
Metric Industries Inc.
Printer-Interface Package
239.95
*Free shipping
Seikosha SP-1000A
Printer
the new cou
Printout Sample
"7 O Ci *
7C8ABCDEF
<=>?<5ABCDEFGH IJKLM
789: ;<=>?<9ABCDEFGHI
/0123d5&739: ;<=>?@AGCDEFGHI
789 : ; 0=> 7&ABCDEF
<=> ?@ABCDEFGHIJKLM
789: ; <=>?@ABCDEFGHI
HP^GH X JT KITL,
EFOHIJfCLMNOPQ
789: ; <->?#AfiCD
Graphics
6 kinds of horizontal graphic density %^
(480/ 576/640/720/960/1 ,920 dots/line) %
Multiple copies
Original plus 2 copies
Line spacing
1/6, 1/8, 7/72, n/144, n/216 (n = 0-255)
inches
Line space feed
6.7 lines/sec (6 lines/inch).
10 lines/sec (9 lines/inch).
Paper width
Pin and friction (4" to 10").
Dimensions
390Wx119Hx278D(mm) with tractor
(15.4WX4.7HX10.9D inches)
Weight
4.9kg (10, 9 lbs)
Features of SP-1000A
• Centronics parallel.
• Impact dot matrix method, bi-
directional in logic seeking, uni-
directional in graphic printing.
• 100 (Draft mode), 20 cps (Near
Letter Quality) print speed, with
reduced noise level.
• Pin-feed or friction-feed.
• Automatic paper loading function.
• A variety of functions including
Under line, Bold print, Double
striking.
• A variety of print character sets
including Pica, Elite, Italics,
Super/Subscripts, Proportional,
Elongated, Condensed, and Italic
Super/Subscripts.
• Standard 1.5K buffer.
Printer is covered with a two-year
warranty.
Call for prices on the
SP-1000A and other
Seikosha printers.
Metric Industries
Model 104 Interface
with Modem Switch
The Model 104 is a serial to parallel
interface with the added feature of a
serial port (sometimes referred to as a
modem switch). This feature allows the
connection of a parallel printer and
any serial device (modem, serial printer
etc.) to your computer. You may then
select either output, serial or parallel,
with the flip of a switch. The 104 is
only 4.5" X2.5" X1.25" and comes
with all cables and connectors for your
computer, You supply the serial cable
for your modem or other serial device.
Interface is covered with a one-year
warranty
Ordering Information
*Free shipping and insurance in the
United States except Alaska and
Hawaii.
Ohio residents add 5.5% sales tax.
Call (513) 677-0796 and use VISA,
MASTERCARD or CO.D.
or send check or money order to:
Metric Industries Inc.
RO. Box 42396
Cincinnati, Ohio
45242
A switching system for your BBS
L I HE
Dm
By Ted Kyte
*W order to operate a two-CoCo
I W^system you will need two
A A J.C0C0S, a BBS program, disk
drives (as many as you like on each
system), and an auto-answer type
modem.
The system I run has four single-sided
Radio Shack disk drives on the first
CoCo and two double-sided Qumes on
the second CoCo.
I run OCCCS BBS (Online Color
Computer Comunications System),
written by Steve Odneal, and ASCII
Express, written by Erik Gavriluk and
Greg Miller. The reason for this is that
the OCCCS BBS program is a complete
BBS program to run the main system,
and the ASCII Express is an in-memory
BBS system which leaves all the disk
drives free for downloads. On CoCo
number one there are two drives for
downloads and two drives to handle the
system and mail. This leaves CoCo
number two with four drives for down-
Ted Kyte is 35 years old and lives in
Blairmore, Alberta. Ted owns his own
Rewind business which he has been
operating for 12 years. He has three
Co Cos and has written some specialized
business programs that may be mar-
keted in the future.
loads, for a total of six download drives.
The Program
The line numbers I am using are for
example purposes only. Do not use line
numbers that already exist in your BBS
programs unless you know what you're
doing.
The OCCCS BBS program has been
edited to add a function that permits the
SysOp to tell CoCo one whether CoCo
two is online. Let's assume that in your
BBS program the password is the var-
iable PAS, and let's assume your pass-
word is SYSOP#l. Then insert the
following lines in your program:
500 IF Pfi$=''SYSOPttl'' THEN
LINEI NPUT "I S SYSTEM U2
ONLINE Y'N;"SS$
510 IF SS$=~Y" THEN PRINT
"SYSTEM »2 IS ON LINE" ELSE
PRINT "SYSTEM 82 IS NOT ONLINE"
When the SysOp logs on, this enables
him to activate access to CoCo two.
This can be also be done from a remote
terminal. If the power on/ off switch is
not on and you activate access to CoCo
two, then a user attempting to go to
CoCo two is quickly logged off.
In your BBS you will have a routine
to handle which subroutine the user will
go to after making a menu selection.
Now let's assume the variable handlir
the menu selection is MS. Then yc
need to add a line something like this
800 IF M$"0" AND 55$= "Y " THEN
GOSUB 1000 ELSE IF M$="0"
AND SSSO"Y" THEN PR INT "SORR
: SYSTEM 2 IS NOT ON LINE":
RETURN
In this line we have assumed the
routine handling the switch to systei
two is in Line 1000. If the variable
equals O and variable SSS equal*
then the program control shifts to the
routine in Line 1000 to handle the
switching. If either variable does not
match, the user will be told "Sorry
system two is not on line," and control
will be returned to the menu routine.
If everything is OK for going to
system two, you can add the routine
starting at Line 1000. This can tell the
user about any special features of sys-
tem two he may not be familiar with, or
you can switch them right over. We have
to add a few lines to handle the switch-
ing and they should be something like
this:
1000 PRINT "YOU WILL NOT BE ABLE
TO LEAVE ANY MESSAGES OR MAIL '
IN SYSTEM 2 SO PLEASE LEAVE THEM
IN SYSTEM 1 BEFORE YOU GO . "
1010 PRINT: LINEI NPUT "GO TO
SYSTEM 2 Y/N";q$
1020 IF Q$0"Y"THEN RETURN
1030 PRINT "PRESS <H>"
1040 3 M0T0R0N : M0T0R0FF
1050 GOTO 'LOGOFF ROUTINE'
Line 1000 is self-explanatory. Line
1010 is an opportunity for users to back
out if they do not want to go to system
two. Line 1030 is important; when they
are switched to system two, they won^t
see anything. The user will see PRESS
<H> as the last thing on his screen before
the switch is actually made. This gives
them the help list for system two, and
they are off and running.
Line 1040 simply makes the modem
switch to system two.
Line 1050 sends the control of system
one to the logoff routine and restarts
system one. You don't have to worry
about your modem control codes in the
logoff routine because the modem has
already been switched to system two
and does not see those codes. The
reason for logging off system one is to
86 THE RAINBOW November 1 986
Schematic
Parts Description
A)
12-volt adapter
RS# 2734652
B)
12-voll DC DIMM relpy
RS# 275-8206
C)
12- volt DC pilot light
RS# 272-334
12-volt DC DPDT relay
RSti 275-8214
E)
12-volt DC DP DT relay
RS# 275-S206
F)
4-pin DIM male plug
RS# 274-007
G)
4-pin DIN male plug
RSfr 274-007
H)
SPST toggle switch
RSff 275-662
1)
Cassette cable
RS# 26-1207
i)
Cassette cable
RS# 26-1207
IQ
SPST toggle switch
RStt 275-662
Utility box
RStf 270-233
Component Functions
ccicn
A J
B)
C)
G)
H)
*
K)
_
Converts 115- volt AC house voltage to 12 volts DC to operate the Low
voltage relays.
Control relay to witch modem from CoCo two to CoCo one, both
contacts are normally closed.
Pilot light to indicate power on or off.
Main relay Lo switch modem from CoCo one to CoCo two and back,
Control relay to switch modem from CoCo one to CoCo two; both
contacts are normally open.
Plug to connect main relay to serial port of CoCo one.
Plug to connect main relay to serial port of CoCo two,
Switch to enable manual or automatic operation.
Cassette cable to connect CoCo one cassette relay to switching device.
(See special note.)
Cassette cable to eonncet CoCo two cassette relay to switching device.
(See special note.)
Main power on/ off switch.
Utility bo a holds all components and makes a neat finished project.
speed up the total reset time when
system two is logged off. The instant the
user is logged off system two, system
one is ready for another call.
In system two; the only lines really
required to end the whole two-system
switching sequence are as follows:
?m L1NEINPUT -TO YOU REALLY
WISH TO IUB OFF y^N";0*
710 IF QSO"Y" RETURN
720 PRINT "THANKS FOP CALLING
fc * . BVE NOW
730 PRINT GHES[43)5CHRS(43] ;
CHRS(43):PRINT "flTSB-r
740 MOTOR DN : I1D T □ ROF F
Your BBS program probably has a
line similar to Line 700. If the user
selects *Y\ control is passed to Line 720
for the thank you line, then to Line 730,
which needs the codes your modem
requires to hang up and be reset to the
answer mode.
Sequence of Operation
To start the switching sequence,
CoCo one does a M0TDR0N. This closes
the internal cassette relay of CoCo one
and causes the normally open contacts
of relay (E) to close. This activates relay
(D) and switches the modem to CoCo
two. Then relay (E) acts as its own
holding contact as CoCo one does a
M0TDR0FF.
The modem has switched to CoCo
two and CoCo one has returned its
internal cassette relay back to the open
position. However, relay (E) is still in
the closed position.
To return the modem to CoCo one,
CoCo two must do a.MOTORQN. This
opens the normally closed contacts of
relay (B) and switches the modem back
to CoCo one.
When CoCo one does a M0T0RDN
then an immediate MDTDRDFF, it is sent
to the normal logoff sequence the BBS
provides. This updates the user log and
keeps track of the time and date of last
user.
Special Note
The cables (I and J) in the schematic
can either be cassette cables with the
sub-mini phono plugs that normally go
to the remote on the cassette, which can
be used with female sub-mini plugs
(RS# 274-292) on the switching device,
or they can be a separate cable made up
with a five-pin DIN male plug (RS#
274-003). Use pins 1 and 3 to go to a sub-
mini phono plug (RS# 274-290) then to
the female sub-mini (RS#274-292) on
the switching device.
On the main switching relay (D) be
sure to have the pin numbers matched
up. If you take Pin 1 from the modem,
it must end up being Pin 1 on both
CoCo one and CoCo two when the relay
is activated or non-activated.
The cable and plug that runs from the
modem to the switching device can be
the existing cable your modem has and
a female plug to match it on the utility
box.
This switching system has been run-
ning for about six months on a part-
time basis. The hours for a one-CoCo
system are 24 hours a day, seven days
a week, and for the two-CoCo system,
seven days a week, from 12:00 midnight
to approximately 3:00 p.m. (MST).
I hope some of the RAINBOW readers
will benefit from this little project. I can
say it has increased the joys of being a
CoCo SysOp.
If any readers would like more infor-
mation on this system, they can call the
Wes-Can Color Board at (403) 564-
4118, anytime seven days a week, or
write to Ted Kyte, Box 818, Blairmore,
Alberta, Canada T0K 0E0. /R\
November 1986 THE RAINBOW 87
More on the New
Video Display Generator
By Tony DiStefanc
Rainbow Contributing Editor
tions work for just about every CoCo
and CoCo 2, but on certain models, the
VDG and other parts involved are
soldered directly onto the PC Board.
That means you have to unsolder the
chips and insert a socket. This can be
done, and I have done it many times,
but it requires a solder sucker or chip
remover. Soldering experience is neces-
sary. Also, before you start, be fore-
warned! The jumpers I will tell you to
install in the *F* board may be different
on different boards. But, not all is
gloom and doom. A little trial and error
and you should find the right pin
numbers.
There are two parts you need. The
first is the VDG, Motorola part number
MC6847T1. If you cannot get this part
at your local electronics store, try Radio
Shack. The part number is MX-6551.
The next part is just a plain and simple
resistor. The resistor value is IK or 1000
ohms quarter watt or half watt. That's
it; the rest is a little bit of work.
Unplug the computer, undo the case,
remove the keyboard, etc. You know, all
those boring things.
Last month I described the new
VDG (Video Display Generator)
MC6847T1 and the modes that
are possible. I also showed you how to
hook up a few switches in order to
access these modes. The only problem
with this is the new VDG is only avail-
able in the CoCo 2 'B' model. At home,
I have the regular white CoCo. They call
it the 'F board. I wanted the new Tl
chip in my CoCo, too. So, with the help
of Bill Warnica, I modified my S F' board
CoCo to work with this new chip.
The new VDG and the old VDG are
very similar but not pin-for-pin compat-
ible, so you can't just pull the old one
out and plug the new one in. It is/
however, not too difficult to modify the
computer board to make it fit. The new
VDG also has built-in hardware that
saves two chips on the computer board.
Tony DiStefano is a well-known early
specialist in computer hardware pro-
jects. He lives in Laval Quest, Quebec.
The chips that are saved are no longer
on the 4 B' board. That is why the new
board is smaller than the older boards.
The two chip numbers saved are the
74LS244 and 74LS273. These chips are
TTL logic gates used to isolate the CPU
data bus from the video data bus.
Without getting into too much detail,
these two chips are now part of the
VDG and are no longer needed on the
main board. At first, it was thought that
both of these chips had to be removed
from the old PC board and the new
VDG completely rewired to fit in.
Luckily, it turns out that only one of
these chips has to be removed. This
saves a lot of wiring.
Like most of my projects, this one
requires you to open the computer and
dig inside with a soldering iron and
some tools. A good hardware hacker
with experience is needed to do this one.
To do this project, you will need a
soldering iron, tools, wire, solder and,
of course, a new VDG. More on the
parts later.
The upgrade I did was on an 'F' board
CoCo. As far as I know, these instruc-
88 THE RAINBOW November 1986
Now comes the fun part. The first
thing you must do is remove the VDG.
That's simple. It's the chip marked
MC6847, or U9 on the 'F board. On
other boards, the U number might be
different but it will always be the
MC6847. On some boards the VDG is
soldered in. In that case, you must
unsolder the VDG and insert a 40-pin
socket. Prepare the new VDG (Tl) in
the following manner. Cut the resistor
leads so that it will just fit between pins
25 and 1 1 . Put the resistor across the top
of the VDG and solder one end of the
resistor to the top part of Pin 25. Make
sure the solder doesn't leak down the
pin. Next, solder the other end to Pin
1 1 (same precaution). Now pry out Pin
31 vertically, so it does not insert into
the socket when you plug the new VDG
in.
Insert the new VDG into the socket.
Make sure Pin 1 is in the right place.
Now solder a short piece of wire-wrap
wire to Pin 1 of the VDG. Don't solder
the pin to the socket. You won't be able
to get the chip out if you do. (If you
prefer, solder all connections to these
pins before inserting the chip into the
socket.) Solder the other end of this wire
to Pin 31, the one that you bent up
before. Solder a second wire to Pin 12
of the new VDG. Run this wire to Pin
10 of the SAM (Synchronous Address
"Never connect two
outputs together, and
never connect two
inputs together."
Multiplexer). You remember ol' SAM,
she's the one that does all the timing in
the CoCo. I did an article on her not
long ago in this magazine. Her name is
MC6883 or SN74LS783N.
It was said, by whom I don't know,
that you needed the new MC6885 or
SN74LS785N SAM in order to make
this new VDG work, but this rumor
turns out to be false. The old one works
just fine. As a matter of fact, I have the
old SAM in my CoCo and it just purrs
along. Anyway, back to work. Solder a
third wire from Pin 13 of the VDG to
Pin 12 of the SAM. That's about it for
the VDG. But there is a little more work
to do.
The next stage of this project deals
with the buffer chip I mentioned earlier.
Start off by removing the chip, number
74LS273, from its socket. You no longer
need this chip, but keep it in your parts
bin for a rainy day or in case you decide
to remove the modification and replace
the old VDG chip. The modification I
did is on the so called 'F' board and the
74LS273 chip labeled U13 on the PC
board. It also was not soldered in. It had
a socket; all I had to do was pull it. If
you are doing this on another board and
the IC is not socketed, you must do a
little more work. First, remove the old
chip. Then solder in a 20-pin socket.
You need the socket for this next step.
Prepare eight (about 1.5 inches) short
pieces of wire by stripping 3/16 inch of
insulation off each end. Use a number
22 or 24 gauge solid wire. Old Bell wire
is best. Now insert each wire into the
pins of the 20-pin socket as follows.
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November 1986 THE RAINBOW 89
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One End Other End
15
9
6
• m '
16
Pins 1, 10, 11 and 20 are left empty.
Do not connect anything to these pins.
(Pin 10 is ground and Pin 20 is the 5-
volt supply. You may use them if you
need these power connections in other
projects.)
Now, this chip is called an Octal D-
type flip-flop. If you recall, many
moons (monthly articles) ago, I de-
scribed flip-flops; they are no more than
a sort of latch. This particular chip has
eight latches. One for each of the eight
data bits of the CPU. Each of these bits
has an input and an output. I have
arranged the pin numbers in such a way
that the One End column pin numbers
are all inputs and all the pin numbers
in the Other End column are outputs.
This is important to know. Notice that
one jumper exists for every in/ out pair.
If you are trying to modify a board
other than the *F* board, the pin
numbers may not match. Not having
tried all the CoCos and CoCo 2s, 1
cannot print every pin diagram. Try to
wire the connections as they stand
above, but if the screen looks confused
and you do not get the same letters on
the screen you type on the keyboard, it's
because the pinout is different.
In that case you will have to do a trial
and error method to get the right com-
bination. There are two rules to follow:
Never connect two outputs together,
and never connect two inputs together.
The first may cause permanent damage
to your computer. Jumper all eight
wires and try it. If it is not right, make
note of the combination you did and try
another. If you do combinations in
order, you will eventually get the right
combination. When you do, if you send
me the pinout combination and which
computer board you did it on, 1 will
print them in the next article I write and
give you credit for it.
That's all there is to it! Plug every-
thing back in and turn it on. You now
have the new VDG in your CoCo. If you
want to access the new modes of the new
VDG, you will have to do a little more
work. Last month, I wrote on how to
access the new modes using switches or
software. It works for this modification
perfectly. All you have to do is follow
the instructions and use the method that
suits you best. Next month, I'll show
you how to use the new modes without
switches. All you will need are a few
electronic parts. When you change
modes from text to graphics, you won't
have to throw all your switches — the
electronics will do it for you.
For those who are interested, Figure
1 shows the pinouts of the old and the
new VDGs side by side so you can
compare the differences between
them. v n
VS5
1
DD6
2
DDO
Cm
3
DDt
Cmm
4
DD2
c
5
DD3
Cm
6
DD4
cz
7
DD5
8
cm
9
OB
10
OA
E
11
MS^
E
12
DAB
13
DA6
14
DA7
e
15
DA8
16
VCC
17
DA9
czz
18
DA10
e
19
DA11
20
MC6847
40
39
38
36
34
33
32
31
30
29
28
24
22
m3
Z]
•hmJ
DD7
CSS
FS
RP
A/S
G/K
INV
INT/EXT
GM0
GM1
Y
GM2
DA4
DA3
DA2
DA0
DA 12
DD5 C
DD3
DDI
DDO
0B
Cm
DDCLK
D 1/0 7
D I/O 6
D I/O 5 E
VCC C
D I/O 4
■ • ; • . .■• .. , ■<
■ * ' ."\\ v ,
D 1/0 3 E
Di/62
1
a
3
4
5
6
7
a
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
New VDG
MC6847T1
40
39
38
37
36
35
34
33
32
31
30
29
28
27
26
25
24
23
22
21
ZI3
DD7
CSS
HS
FS
RP
A/G
VCLK
INT/EXT
GM1
Y
GM2
BURST
3 BURSTPC
MRD
D I/O 0
DA0
Dl/O 1
92 THE RAINBOW November 1986
COCO 3 CAPABILITIES
128K
Disk
Coming to Terms'
With the CoCo 3
By Rick Adams and Dale Lear
Term J is a simple terminal pro-
gram for the Color Computer 3.
It has few features; the purpose
of this program is to demonstrate the
fact that reliable 1200 Baud RS-232
communication out the CoCo's "bit-
banger" port may be obtained by uti-
lizing the programmable interrupt timer
included with the Color Computer 3.
Sharp-eyed, technically-oriented
users will note that the interrupt routine
is driven by setting the new timer at,
seven times the Baud rate, making the
sampling rate on the bit-banger port
fast enough for reliable start-bit detec-
tion. This luxury is not available on the
Color Computer 2. There are only two
fixed-rate interrupt clocks built in; one
is too fast to use for this purpose, while
the other is too slow!
Despite the simplicity of Term 3, it
Rick Adams is a systems programmer
for a company that develops 68000-
based systems software. In addition to
writing games, he likes science fiction
and is the author of Radio Shack's
Temple of ROM. Rick lives in Rohnert
Park, California.
Dale Lear owns Dale Lear Software
and makes his living developing pro-
grams for the Color Computer. He has
authored games and other software
such as Double Back, Baseball,
TSEDIT, TSWORD and D.L. LOGO.
Dale, his wife Laurel and their six
children live in Petaluma, California.
does have some things going for it: it
supports true upper- and lowercase
letters in the 40- or 80-column modes
available on the Color Computer 3, and
both input and output are fully buf-
fered, allowing type-ahead.
With a little experimentation, Color
Computer users with moderate
assembly-language experience could
add features to this bare-bones com-
munication demo such as ASCII buffer
uploading and downloading, use of the
function keys (welcome addition) to
generate user-defined text strings, and
so on.
TERM3.BAS is the BASIC program
that pokes a number of communica-
tions parameters into memory, loads
the machine language portion of the
package and starts things going. The
comments regarding the parameters are
fairly self-explanatory; the defaults
shown will do nicely in the majority of
cases. (Note that setting the left margin
to 4 2' avoids the problem of the width
40 mode on a TV set causing the first
two characters to disappear.)
The assembly language portion of
Term 3 is named TERM3.BIN. Users
with assembly language experience may
use the source listing shown as
TERM 3. SRC (and their favorite as-
sembler) to produce this file.
Perhaps we'll see some of you on
Delphi as you take your Term 3 pro-
gram out for a test drive through the
telecommunications network. We hope
to see you there! □
November 1 986 THE RAINBOW 93
Listing 1: TERM3BAS
10 CLS
20 PRINT "
TERM3 VERSION 1,0
520 POKE &H2J36,T2
530 POKE &H207,AUTOL
540 POKE &H208, DUPLEX
550 LOADM "TERM3 "
560 EXEC
30 PRINT "
ii
40 PRINT 11 COPYRIGHT 1986"
50 PRINT 11 DALE LEAR AND RICK AD
AMS "
60 PRINT "======================
ii
70
80
90
100
110
120
)
130
140
150
160
170
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190
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230
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320
330
340
350
360
370
380
390
400
410
420
430
440
450
460
470
480
490
500
510
i*** PARAMETERS ***
i DISPLAY MODE
NUMBER OF COLUMNS (40 OR 80
CMAX=40
i
'NUMBER OF LINES
LMAX=24
(24)
•LEFT MARGIN (FOR TV)
LFMAR=2
i
'FOREGROUND COLOR (WHITE)
FCOLOR=255
i
•BACKGROUND COLOR (BLACK)
BC0L0R=J3
i
1 BAUD RATE
BAUD=12J30
i
1 TIMER SET TO 7X BAUD RATE
T=INT( (14 318181/4)/ (BAUD*7) )
Tl=INT(T/256)
T2=T-256*T1
i
1 AUTOLF
AUT0LF=J3
1 0-NO
' 1-YES
i
1 DUPLEX
DUPLEX^
1 0-FULL
1 1-HALF
i
WIDTH CMAX
POKE &H2j3j3,CMAX
POKE &H2j31,LMAX
POKE &H2j32,LFMAR
POKE &H203,FCOLOR
POKE &H2j34,BCOLOR
POKE &H2$5,T1
Listing 2: TERM3
0020
0003
000D
000A
0008
0100
0100
0000
0000
0000
0000
0001
0002
0003
0004
0005
0006
0007
0008
0009
000B
000D
000F
mi
?200
0200
0201
0202
0203
0204
0205
0207
0208
4000
4000
5800
5900
00010
00020
00030
00040
00050
00060
00070
00080
00090
00100
00110
00120
00130
00140
00150
00160
00170
00180
00190
00200
00210
00220
00230
00240
00250
00260
00270
00280
00290
00300
00310
00320
00330
00340
00350
00360
00370
00380
00390
00400
00410
00420
00430
00440
00450
00460
00470
00480
00490
00500
00510
00520
00530
00540
00550
00560
00570
00580
00590
00600
00610
00620
00630
00640
00650
00660
00670
00680
00690
00700
00710
00720
00730
00740
00750
* TERM3 VERSION 1.0
* COPYRIGHT 1986
★DALE LEAR AND RICK ADAMS
* TERM3 IS A SIMPLE TEMINAL
* PACKAGE FOR THE COCO 3
* UTILIZING THE PROGRAMMABLE
* INTERRUPT TIMER TO CONTROL
* THE SERIAL PORT.
* EQUIV DEFINITIONS
*
BLANK EQU 32
BREAK EQU 3
CR EQU 13
LF EQU 10
BS EQU 8
SZOUT EQU $100 SIZE OF OUTPUT BUFFER
SZIN EQU $100 SIZE OF INPUT BUFFER
ATTR EQU $0
★
★DIRECT PAGE COMMON
ORG 0
*
★SCREEN DISPLAY COMMON
*
LINCOL
LIN RMB 1 CUR LINE
COL RMB 1 CUR COL
★
* COMMUNICATIONS COMMON
XSLICE
XBIT
XCHAR
RSLICE
RBIT
RCHAR
BHOLD
XHOLD
RMB
RMB
RMB
RMB
RMB
RMB
RMB
RMB
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
* BUFFERED I/O POINTERS
*
GETOUT RMB 2
PUTOUT RMB 2
GETIN RMB 2
PUTIN RMB 2
*
* PARAMATERS POKED IN BY BASIC
ORG $200
1
CMAX RMB
LMAX RMB
LFMAR RMB
FCOLOR RMB
BCOLOR RMB
BAUD RMB
AUTOLF RMB
DUPLEX RMB
★
★BUFFERS
*
ORG $4000
VIDBUF RMB $1800
INBUF RMB SZIN
OUTBUF RMB SZOUT
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
MAX COL
MAX LINE
LEFT MARGIN
FOREGROUND COLOR
BACKGROUND COLOR
BAUD RATE CONSTANT
0-NO, 1-YES
0-FULL, 1-HALF
SCREEN
INPUT BUF
OUTPUT BUF
94 THE RAINBOW * November 1986
MORETON BAY SOFTWARE
MORE GOOD SOFTWARE
3RAPH1COM
3 disk package $29.95
64K EXB disk
SAM DIAMOND
graphic adventure .... $29.95
32K EXB disk
HOT SLOT
casino simulation .... $24.95
32K EXB disk or tape
ECLIPSE
excellent pixel editor. . $19.95
64K EXB disk
THE MOTION PICTURE
Animation tool . . ,
64K Disk Only .
FANTASY CLIP ART
Cocomax or Graphicom
64 K Disk
BJORK BLOCKS
Graphics with Animation
32K EXB Tape
GOOD SOFTWARE
FILE CABINET
. . $39.95 Data Base for tape
16K EXB Tape
$14.95
$34.95
$29.95
COCO WRITER TWO
Tape Version
16K EXB Tape
Disk Version
32K Disk
Business Software Call Us
$34.95
$44.95
A SUPER COLOR PRINTER
The OK I MATE 2 0
AT A SUPER LITTLE PRICE!
'rints ten characters to the inch,
welve characters fifteen characters to the inch,
iJj'cs, I tal ics. I tali cs .
nder 1 ine
Sjperscr
o t
Subscript
Small. Light w
'rints up to oO ch
'rints four color
isk software for
:olor and four col
lolor Computer hi
Okimate 20, P
iaper, black and c
nstructions, soft
■arallel $220.00
ilO.OO Shipping
The only color Okimate
20 Screen Dump Now
Available for the CoCo.
eight. Quiet,
aracters per second,
graph ics. Includes
black and white, two
or screen dumps of
res graphics,
lug v n * Print,
olor r ibbon ,
ware and cable for:
••INT i •!' ; ""!<•• ' iniii"^!'-'!!'!'!*; • jviijiii'vv ,"" '"Tin !•:""' T
ri x
u\on Sdnta tjaroar a vounaea i ■= fit>
Guaranteed Pretested
64K UPGRADES
E Board (solderless -
pictured) $39.95
F Board $26.95
CoCo 2 (except 26-3134A&B and
26-3 136 A&B) $26.95
CoCo 2 (models 26-3134A&B and
26-3136A&B $39.95
Having trouble with your CoCo? We
have the chips you need. Call us.
(805) 962-3127'
SELECTED REPLACEMENT CHIPS FOR THE COCO
The "COCO CORRECTION"
Chips for Ull and U29
Presoldered assembly for E boards upgrades. $12.95
SN74LS785N (The SAM chip) $28.95
6809E (Microprocessor) $19.95
6822P (PIA) $13.95
6821P (PIA) ' $ 8.95
1372 (Color Mixing Chip) . $10.95
Extended basic (EXCEPT models 26-3127B,
26-3134A/B and 26-3136A/B $29.29
DOUBLE DRIVER I
The BEST monitor driver available.
Color composite, monochrome and
audio output. For original CoCo D, E
and F boards. $24.95.
MONO II
Mono II for Color Computer 2. An
excellent monochrome monitor driver
that has audio output also. Specify
model needed.
$24.95.
DOUBLE DRIVER II
Finally a monitor driver for
the Color Computer II that
lets you use a monochrome
and a color monitor
simultaneously. We're proud
of this new driver. The six
transister circuit provides op-
timal signal mixing and signal
gain. Excellent monochrome
output and better quality
resolution in the color ouput
than any driver we have
seen. Audio output also. Fits
all models of the Color Com-
puter II. $29.95.
THE COCO-SWITCHER
A QUALITY PIECE OF HARDWARE '
The CoCo Switcher allows you to hook up
three peripherals to your RS-232 jack. Con-
nect your modem, printer and any other
RS-232 compatible peripheral to the CoCo
Switcher. An LED on the CoCo Switcher
shows if your computer is on or off at a glance,
The LED flickers when transmitting or receiv-
ing data.
$39.95 plus $2.00 shipping and handling
MORETON BAY SOFTWARE
A Division of Moreton Bay laboratory
316 CASTILLO STREET
SANTA BARBARA
CALIFORNIA 93101
(805) 962-3127
Ordering information
Send $2.00 shipping and handling per order. We ship
within 1 working day on receipt of order. Blue Label
Service available. California residents add 6% sales tax.
S000
6000
6000
7F
FF40
6003
7F
FFD9
6006
17
0138
OL
600C
9F
03
600E
9F
0D
6010
8E
5800
6013
9F
0F
9F
11
6017
108E
0200
601B
C6
FF
601D
601D
E7
80
601F
31
3F
6021
26
FA
6023
17
016E
6026
6026
17
0035
6029
81
FF
602B
27
05
602D
17
0075
6030
20
F4
6032
6032
17 "
0040
6035
81
FF
6037
27
ED
6039
7D
0208
603C
27
03
603E
17
0064
6041
6041
17
0002
6044
20
E0
6046
6046
34
02
6048
9E
0D
604A
604A
E6
84
604C
CI
FF
604E
26
FA
6050
A7
80
6052
8C
5A00
6055
26
03
6057
8E
5900
605A
605A
9F
0D
605C
35
82
605E
605E
9E
0F
6060
A6
84
6062
81
FF
6064
27
0C
6066
C6
FF
6068
E7
80
606A
8C
5900
606D
26
03
606F
8E
5800
6072
6072
9F
0F
6074
39
00760
00770
00780
00790
00800
00810
00820
00830
00840
00850
00860
00870
00880
00890
00900
00910
00920
00930
00940
00950
00960
00970
00980
00990
01000
01010
01020
01030
01040
01050
01060
01070
01080
01090
01100
01110
01120
01130
01140
01150'
01160
01170
01180
01190
01200
01210
01220
01230
01240
01250
01260
01270
01280
01290
01300
01310
01320
01330
01340
01350
01360
01370
01380
01390
01400
01410
01420
01430
01440
01450
01460
01470
01480
01490
01500
01510
01520
01530
01540
01550
01560
01570
01580
01590
01600
01610
01620
01630
01640
01650
★
MAINLINE
ORG $6000
MAIN
TURN OFF DISK MOTOR
SPEED UP CPU
CLEAR SCREEN
CLEAR I/O BUFFERS
INITIALIZATION
*
CLR $FF40
CLR $FFD9
LBSR CLRSCN
*
LDX #OUTBUF
STX GETOUT
STX PUTOUT
LDX #INBUF
STX GETIN
STX PUTIN
LDY #SZIN+SZOUT
LDB #-1
ISET
STB ,X+ FILL BUFS ff/-l*S
LEAY -l t Y
BNE ISET
*
LBSR TIMER START TIMER
*BODY OF MAINLINE
*
LOOP1
LBSR RECV
CMPA #-1
BEQ LOOP2
LBSR PUT
BRA LOO PI
*
RS232 -> A REG
A REG -> SCREEN
(TIS MORE IMPORTANT TO
RECIEVE THAN TO TRANSMIT)
KEYBOARD -> A REG
LOOP2
LBSR GET
CMPA #-1
BEQ LOOP1
TST DUPLEX SKIP IF FULL DUPLEX(0)
BEQ LOOP3
LBSR PUT A REG -> SCREEN
LOOP3
LBSR SEND
BRA LOOP1
A REG -> RS232
★SEND CHARACTER TO SERIAL PORT
* (VIA OUTBUF)
* ENTER W/ CHAR IN A REC
*
SEND
PSHS A
LDX PUTOUT
SND1
LDB ,X
CMPB #-1
BNE SND1 WAIT FOR LAST XMIT
STA ,X+ PUT CHAR IN BUFFER
CMPX #OUTBUF+SZOUT
BNE SND2
LDX #OUTBUF
SND2
STX PUTOUT
PULS A, PC
*
*RCV CHARACTER FROM SERIAL PORT
* (VIA INBUF)
* RETURN W/ CHAR IN A REG
* -1 IF NOTHING RECEIVED
*
RECV
LDX GETIN
LDA ,X
CMPA #-1
BEQ RCV1
LDB #-1
STB ,X+
CMPX #INBUF+SZIN
BNE RCV1
LDX #INBUF
RCV1
STX GETIN
RTS
*
6075
6075
17
0090
6078
E6
01
607A
34
14
607C
C6
C0
607E
EA
6080
E7
6082
AD
9F A000
6086
27
16
6088
84
7F
608A
C6
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608C
F7
FF02
608F
F6
FF00
6092
C4
40
6094
26
0A
6096
81
3D
6098
27
04
609A
84
IF
609C
20
02
609E
609E
86
FF
60A0
60A0
35
14
60A2
E7
60A4
39
60A5
60A5
34
12
60A7
81
20
60A9
24
IE
60AB
81
0D
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27
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12
60B3
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60B7
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20
17
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60BB
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60D4
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92
60D6
60D6
60D6
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00
60D8
Fl
0200
60DB
24
0C
60DD
Fl
0202
60E0
25
10
60E2
Bl
0201
60E5
24
19
60E7
20
IE
01660
01670
01680
01690
01700
01710
01720
01730
01740
01750
01760
01770
01780
01790
01800
01810
01820
01830
01840
01850
01860
01870
01880
01890
01900
01910
01920
01930
01940
01950
01960
01970
01980
01990
02000
02010
02020
02030
02040
02050
02060
02070
02080
02090
02100
02110
02120
02130
02140
02150
02160
02170
02180
02190
02200
02210
02220
02230
02240
02250
02260
02270
02280
02290
02300
02310
02320
02330
02340
02350
02360
02370
02380
02390
02400
02410
02420
02430
02440
02450
02460
02470
02480
02490
02500
02510
02520
02530
02540
02550
CALL BASIC KBOARD ROUTINE
CHECK CTRL KEY
BASIC KB DRIV GIVES A
PHONY ON CTRL KEY
IF DOWN REMOVE BITS 5+6
* GET CHAR FROM KEYBOARD
* RETURN W/ CHAR IN A REG
* -1 IF NOTHING RECEIVED
*
GET
LBSR XYCALC
LDB 1,X
PSHS B,X
LDB #$C0
ORB 1,X
STB 1,X
JSR [$A000]
BEQ GET8
ANDA #$7F
LDB #SEF
STB $FF02
LDB $FF00
ANDB #$40
BNE GET9
CMPA #'-
BEQ GET8
ANDA #$1F
BRA GET9
GET8
IDA #-1
GET9
PULS B,X
STB 1,X
RTS
*
* PUT CHAR TO SCREEN
* ENTER ff/ CHAR IN A REG
*
PUT
PSHS A.X
CMPA #32
BHS PUTS
★TEST FOR CONTROL CHARACTER
CMPA #CR
BEQ PUT1
CMPA #LF
BEQ PUT2
CMPA #BS
BNE PUT 9
*BACK SPACE
DEC COL
BRA PUT8
★CARRIAGE RETURN
PUT1
LDB LFMAR
STB COL
TST AUTOLF
BEQ PUT 8
★LINE FEED
PUT 2
INC LIN
BRA PUT 8
★PRINTABLE CHARACTER
PUT 3
LBSR XYCALC (CALC SCREEN LOC)
LDA ,S
STA ,X (STORE CHARACTER)
INC COL
★FIX X-Y LOC
PUT8
BSR XYFIX
PUT9
PULS A,X,PC
*
* BRING LINE/COL IN VALID RANGE
*
XYFIX
XY1
LDD LINCOL
CMPB CMAX
BHS HICOL
CMPB LFMAR
BLO LOCOL
CMPA LMAX
BHS HILIN
BRA XY9
* COLUMN TOO HIGH,
96 THE RAINBOW November 1986
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03280
*
6141
ft O O ft AT
03290
rtT n rt hit
CLkS.CN
6141 F6
0203
rw A A M
03300
LDB FC0L0R SET FOREGROUND COLOR
6144 F7
FFB8
At A A 1 AT
03310
STB $FFB8
6147 F6
0204
03320
LDB BCOLOR SET BACKGROUND COLOR
614A F7
FFB0
A 1 A A A AT
03330
STB $FFB0
614D F7
FF9A
03340
STB $FF9A AND BORDER
615J? C6
4C
AT A A C ft
03350
LDB #$4C
6152 F7
FF9J3
ft A A f ft
03360
STB SFF90 SET INITIALIZATION REGI
6155 C6
03
ft A *% *1 AT
03370
LDB #3
6157 F7
A
FF98
AJ A A ft AT
03380
rt m A A 7*^ T - 1 A A rt m * * T T~y rt tf A 7~i t~« i— * rtj T" rt m n
STB $FF98 SET VIDEO MODE REGISTER
615A C6
05
AO O rt ft
03390
▼ t*\ n a A C
LDB #S5
615C B6
0200
ft O / AT AJ
03400
LDA CMAX
615F 81
50
AT A / 1 AT
03410
rt\_f"T^ A ii A AT
CMPA #80
6161 26
02
03420
BNE CL1
6163 C6
15
03430
LDB #$15
6165
03440
CL1
6165 F7
FF99
03450
STB $FF99 SET VIDEO RES REGISTER
THE CENTRAL SOURCE FOR COCO SUPPORT
For Coco . . .
in the Midwest
Now in our 4th year!
Fast Delivery... Friendly Service
New Low Prices . . .
SEIKOSHA
SP-1000A
RAINBOW
• 100 cps draft
• 20 cps NLQ
• Friction and tractor
• Front panel Controls
• Graphics
• 1.5 K buffer
• 2 yr. Warranty
REVIEWED IN
OCTOBER 86 RAINBOW
Parallel printer
with Metric Industries
Model 104 interface. .
With pbh-64 interface with 64K BUFFER!
$209. 00
$249. 00
$299. 00
includes
Coco Man
The Complete . TT 0
MM.
k.yT P»)uxe Joys
fr I and Y-cabl*
stick
i i
COCOMQH II
mitrt v-cable
mith Joystick
$ 119.95
79.95
99.95
99.95
*r fr It. , f. ,rrrr, ft, , : tt i , ■ i *- f . / K
i \\\wmmmi
LATEST VERSION
FEATURES . . .
•14 fonts
•Shrink, Stretch
Rotate
•Multiple drives
•Pattern Save
UPGRADES AVAILABLE
Disk I to II 20.°°
Tape I to Disk II
25 00
Max Edit 19.95
Picture disks 29.95
set of 3
IfaM* DELUXE JOYSTICK
FOR COLOR COMPUTER
• Open gimbal design
• Self-centering or free-floating operation
• Mechanical trim on both axes
• Eight foot cable
DEALER INQUIRES INVITED
REVIEWED IN AUGUST 86 RAINBOW
$27.50 each
$49.95/pair
CHOOSE FROM OUR LARGE
SELECTION OF COCO PRODUCTS
B5 ... Colorware ... Derringer ... Diecom ... Dynacaic ... Elite ...
Four Star ... HJL... J & M ... Mark Data ... Metric Industries ...
Michtron ... Microcom ... Microworks ... Tom Mix ... PBJ ...
PXE ... Spectrum Projects ... Speech Systems ... Sugar ...
TCE ... VIP ... Zebra ... and more!
Yes/ We have PENPAL!
• Call*
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• Shop by Modem •
513-396-SHOP
mm
• Write •
2235 Losantiville, Cincinnati, OH 45237
SHIPPING will t>c charged *i our ACTUAL COST
Ohio rmdenu add S V „ Sa>ei Tai COO add 2 00
November 1986 THE RAINBOW 97
6168
CC
03460
LDD #VIDBUF
61F7
26
20
04310
BNE XMI3
616B
44
03470
LSRA
61F9
04320
XMI1
616C
56
03480
RORB
61F9
9E
0B
04330
LDX GET OUT
616D
44
03490
LSRA
61FB
E6
84
04340
LDB ,X
ON NEXT BYTE IN BUFFER
616E
56
03500
RORB
61FD
CI
FF
04350
CMPB #-1
-1
616F
44
03510
LSRA
6 IFF
27
26
04360
BEQ XMI8
6170
56
03520
RORB
6201
D7
04
04370
STB XCHAR
ELSE
6171
8A
E0
03530
ORA #$E0
6203
C6
FF
04380
LDB #-1
6173
B7
FF9D
03540
STA $FF9D SET VERT OFFSET REGISTERS
6205
E7
80
04390
STB ,X+
6176
F7
FF9E
03550
STB $FF9E
6207
8C
5A00
04400
CMPX #OUTBUF+SZOUT
6179
7F
FF9F
03560
CLR $FF9F
620A
26
03
04410
BNE XMI2
03570
620C
8E
5900
04420
LDX #OUTBUF
617C
8E
4000
03580
LDX #VIDBUF
620F
04430 XMI2
617F
108E
078?
03590
LDY #80*24
620F
9F
0B
04440
STX GETOUT
ADVANCE BUFFER POINTER
6183
CC
2000
03600
LDD #BLANK*256+ATTR
6211
C6
0A
04450
LDB #10
6186
03610
CL2
6213
D7
03
04460
STB XBIT
XMIT 10 BITS
6186
ED
81
03620
STD ,X++ CLEAR SCREEN
6215
1C
FE
04470
ANDCC #$FE
START BIT->CARRY
6188
31
3F
03630
LEAY -1,Y
6217
20
07
04480
BRA XMI4
618A
26
FA
03640
BNE CL2
6219
04490 XMI3
618C
0F
00
03650
CLR LIN
6219
D6
04
04500
LDB XCHAR
618E
F6
0202
03660
LDB LFMAR
621B
1A
01
04510
ORCC #1
STOP BIT->CARRY
6191
D7
01
03670
STB COL
621D
56
04520
RORB
DATA BIT->CARRY
6193
39
03680
RTS
621E
D7
04
04530
STB XCHAR
03690
6220
04540 XMI4
03700
* SET DP PROGRAMMABLE
6220
C6
99
04550
LDB #0
03710
* INTERRUPT TIMER
6222
59
04560
ROLB
CARRY->RS232 OUT
03720
*
6223
59
04570
ROLB
6194
03730
TIMER
6224
F7
FF20
04580
STB $FF20
03740
*
6227
04590 XMI8
03750
*SET UP INTERRUPTS
6227
9E
09
04600
LDX XHOLD
6194
1A
50
03760
ORCC #$50 OFF FOR NOW
6229
04610 XMI9
03770
*
04620
03780
*TURN OFF OLD IRUPTS
04630
*
6196
C6
2C
03790
LDB #$2C
04640 *SERVICE RECEIVER
6198
F7
FF01
03800
STB $FF01
04650
*
619B
F7
FF03
03810
STB SFF03
6229
D6
06
04660
LDB RBIT
IF NOT RECEIVING
619E
F7
FF23
03820
STB $FF23
622B
27
06
04670
BEQ RCI1
GO CHECK FOR START BIT
61A1
F7
FF23
03830
STB $FF23
622D 0A
05
04680
DEC RSLICE
ELSE
61A4
F6
FF00
03840
LDB $FF00
622F
27
18
04690
BEQ RCI3
CONTINUE TO RECEIVE
61A7
F6
FF02
03850
LDB $FF02
6231
20
3D
04700
BRA RCI9
61AA
F6
FF20
03860
LDB SFF20
6233
04710 RCI1
6 IAD
F6
FF22
03870
LDB $FF22
6233
F6
FF22
04720
LDB $FF22
WATCH FOR START BIT
03880
*
6236
56
04730
RORB
61B0
30
8D 0029
03890
LEAX DOFIRQ.PCR
6237
24
04
04740
BCC RCI2
61B4
BF
0110
03900
STX $110 SET FIRQ PROGRAM
6239
0F
05
04750
CLR RSLICE
NO START, CLEAR COUNTER
03910
*
623B
20
33
04760
BRA RCI9
03920
* SET-UP TIMER INTERRUPT
623D
04770
RCI2
61B7
C6
60
03930
LDB #$60
623D 0C
05
04780
INC RSLICE
POSSIBLE START, INC COUNTER
61B9
F7
FF91
03940
STB $FF91 SELECT CLOCK
623F
D6
05
04790
LDB RSLICE
61BC
7F
FF92
03950
CLR $FF92
6241
CI
04
04800
CMPB #4
IF 4 X'S, START RECEIVER
61BF
C6
20
03960
LDB #$20
6243
26
2B
04810
BNE RCI9
61C1
F7
FF93
03970
STB $FF93 ENABLE TIMER
INTERRUPT
6245
C6
0A
04820
LDB #10
RECEIVE 10 BITS
61C4
C6
5C
03980
LDB #$5C
6247
D7
06
04830
STB RBIT
61C6
F7
FF90
03990
STB SFF90 ENABLE GIME FIRQ
6249
04840
RCI3
61C9
FC
0205
04000
LDD BAUD
6249
0A
06
04850
DEC RBIT
61CC
F7
FF95
04010
STB $FF95
624B
27
0F
04860
BEQ RCI4
SEE IF FINISHED BYTE
61CF
B7
FF94
04020
STA $FF94 SET UP TIMER
COUNT
624D
F6
FF22
04870
LDB $FF22
04030
*
6250
56
04880
RORB
DATA BIT -> CARRY
04040
* INIT XMITTER/RECVR
6251
D6
07
04890
LDB RCHAR
61D2
0F
05
04050
CLR RSLICE
6253
56
04900
RORB
CARRY ->RECV BYTE
61D4
0F
02
04060
CLR XSLICE
6254
D7
07
04910
STB RCHAR
61D6
0F
06
04070
CLR RBIT
6256
C6
07
04920
LDB #7
61D8
0F
03
04080
CLR XBIT
6258
D7
05
04930
STB RSLICE
SET COUNTER FOR NXT BIT
61DA
1C
AF
04090
ANDCC #$AF ENABLE INTERRUPTS
625A 20
14
04940
BRA RCI9
61DC
39
04100
RTS
625C
04950
RCI4
04110
625C
9F
09
04960
STX XHOLD
04120
* PROCESS TIMER INTERRUPT
625E
9E
11
04970
LDX PUTIN
61DD
04130
*
6260 D6
07
80
04980
LDB RCHAR
04140
DOFIRQ
6262
E7
04990
STB ,X+
DELIVER CHAR TO BUFFER
61DD
D7
08
04150
STB BHOLD
6264
8C
5900
05000
CMPX #INBUF+SZIN
61DF
7F
FF93
04160
CLR $FF93 CLEAR TIMER
INTERRUPT
6267
26
03
05010
BNE RCI5
61E2
C6
20
04170
LDB #$20
6269
8E
5800
05020
LDX #INBUF
61E4
F7
FF93
04180
STB $FF93
626C
05030
RCI5
04190
626C
9F
11
05040
STX PUTIN
04200
*
626E
9E
09
05050
LDX XHOLD
04210
★SERVICE TRANSMITTER
6270
05060 RCI9
04220
*
6270
D6
08
05070
LDB BHOLD
61E7
0A
02
04230
DEC XSLICE
6272
3B
05080
RTI
61E9
26
3E
04240
BNE XMI9
05090
61EB
9F
09
04250
STX XHOLD
6000
05100
END MAIN
61ED
C6
07
04260
LDB #7
61EF
D7
n
04270
STB XSLICE
00000 TOTAL ERRORS
61F1
D6
03
04280
LDB XBIT
61F3
27
04
04290
BEQ XMI1
61F5
0A
03
04300
DEC XBIT
£9*
98 THE RAINBOW November 1986
Right at your fingertips
in CompuServe's Tandy®
Forums.
Our Tandy Forums involve thousands
of Tandy users worldwide. These forums
will show you just how easy it is to get
the most from your Tandy computer.
The Tandy Professional Forum
supports users of the larger Tandy
computers, including the MS-DOS and
XENIX operating systems.
The Model 100/Portables Forum
is for users of Tandy laptop computers,
providing functionality and portability
in one package.
The Color Computer Forum is for
the dual personalities of the Tandy Color
Computer, the perfect home computer
and highly respected microcomputer.
The OS-9 Forum provides support
to an international group of users linked
by a common operating system.
The LDOS/TRSDOS® Forum
supports users of the LDOS operating
system for Tandy Model 1 and 3 com-
puters, as well as TRSDOS-6 users
on the Tandy Model 4. |
Easy access to free software,
including FREE uploads.
• Download first-rate, non-commercial user-
supported software and utility programs.
• Upload your own programs free of connect
time charges.
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Credit when you purchase your CompuServe
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Information you simply can't find
anywhere else.
Use the Forum Message Board to
exchange mail with fellow members.
Join ongoing, real-time discussions
in a Forum Conference. Scan Forum
Data Libraries for free software, ^
documentation and contributions
from Tandy enthusiasts.
Enjoy other useful services too, like
electronic editions of your favorite maga-
zines, newsletters and articles, including
the Tandy Corporate Newsletter and the
Fort Worth Computer Chronicles.
All you need is your Tandy computer
and a modem ... or almost any other
personal computer.
To buy your CompuServe Subscrip-
tion Kit, see your nearest computer
dealer. Suggested retail price is $39.95.
To receive our free brochure, or to order
direct, call 800-848-8199 (in Ohio, call
614-457-0802). If you're already a
CompuServe subscriber, just type GO
TANDYNET at any ! prompt and see
what you've been missing.
CompuServe®
Information Services, P.O. Box 20212
5000 Arlington Centre Blvd., Columbus, Ohio 43220
800-848-8199
In Ohio, call 614-457-0802
An H&R Block Company
Prices Change
Every Day.
Please Call
1-800-343-8841
For Lower Prices
DKALKR
INQUIRIES
INVITED
I PRICE
Sizzling Summer Specials
Announcing MEGADISK PLUS +
Complete Systems! for the TRS 80 Model I/III/IV/4P, Color Computer, IBM-PC & AT, Max/80
Software Drivers: LDOS, NEWDOS/80, DOSPLUS, TRSDOS 6.x, CP/M available
Drive a 5 to 40 Megabyte Hard Bargain Starting at $399. 95
REMOVEABLE CARTRIDGE Systems Now Available!!!
MEGAPLEX your Megadisk — 2 to 10 Port Systems
Prices Start at a LOW $199.95
Models III/IV4P
Call Toll Free Ordering 1-800-343-8841
$259.95
Disk Drive Upgrade Kit for
Model in/TV easy to install
system— no soldering.
Complete with controller,
towers, power supply, 1
Half High Disk Drive, ca-
bles, and easy to follow in-
structions. Second Drive
$89.95
High Quality Low-
est Price Drive 0, 1,
2, 3 for the Color
Computer Starting
at $189.95.
CANADIAN CUSTOMERS PLEASE CALL 514-383-5293
Software Support Inc. Mirrn^mart Inr C» ur New Company
TERMS and CONDITIONS: I \* ■ "wl . IQI % U U%0 m QprvirpX Rpturns It i-innrnnlirv/tn rAnai
TERMS and CONDITIONS
All prices are cash discounted However, we do
accept MC. VISA. AMEX & DISCOVER credit cards.
C.O.D.'s are accepted-No deposit required.
Purchase Orders-Corporate. Government & School
P O.'s are accepted. Please call for details.
Shipping Costs are calculated per order
Please call for total.
Shipments of aff in-stock products are made within
24 hours. Same day service is available upon
request — no added cost.
Not responsible for typographical errors.
Terms and Specifications may
change without nottce.
^ 200 Homer Avenue
ttt **%Ss AslUand » 01781
°o0* 1-617-872-9090
r* Hours: Mon.-Fri. 10 am to 5:30 pm (est) Sat 4:00 pm
Toll Free Ordering 1-800-343-8841
Dealer Inquiries
Services Returns: It isourpolicytorepairall service
returns within 24-48 hours. Normally same day turn-
around is accomplished. It is necessary to have a
(R)eturn (M)aterial (A)uthorization to insure
speedy service.
IBM, TAVA, COLUMBIA, 51 51 , COMPAQ, EAGLE,
TRS/80, HEATH/ZENITH are registered trademarks
of IBM Corp., Tava Corp., Columbia Computer Corp.
Key Tronics Corp, Compaq Corp, Eagle Computer,
Tandy Corp, Zenith Corp, respectively.
1986 Software Support, Inc. All rights reserved.
' 1986 MicroSmart, \r\zAH rights reserved.
BREAKTHROUGH
DKALKR
INQUIRIES
INVITED
Prices Change
Every Day.
Please Call
1-800-343-8841
For Lower Prices
MEGAD1SK " HARD DISK DRIVE SYSTEMS
TOLL FREE ORDERING 1-800-343-8841
For the IBM/PC, Tandy 1000. TRS/80 Models I/I1I/IV/4P, Compaq, Tava. PC Workalikes. Color Computers, Heath/Zenith. Max/80
Complete with Hardware. Cables. Software and Quikfit Installation
5 Megabytes Internal Mount IBM/PC Starting at $229.95
1 1 Megabytes Internal Mount IBM/Tandy 1000 »r \J]f\/l Alr>... starting at 349.95
22 Megabytes Internal Mount IBM/Tandy 1000. . .
5 Megabytes External System
10 Megabytes External System
20 Megabytes External System
Tape Backup System — Internal or External (IBM/PC)
WV \JW* hlC\AM startingat 349
.95
.95
g at 3^.95
starting at 699.95
, . starting at 449.95
DOS Drivers:
IBM/Heath — DOS. 1.0, 2.0. 2.1. 3.0. 3.1 or later
TRS/80-LDOS. TRSDOS 6.x. Newdos/80. Dosplus. CP/M. COCO DOS. Max/80 LDOS. 0S9
fully warranteed - parts and labor - CALL TOLL FREE - 1-800-343-8841
FLOPPY DISK DRIVES, POWER SUPPLIES AND CABINETS
Our Disk Drives are UL approved — Our Floppy Drive Cabinets and Power Supplies
are Underwriters Laboratory Listed and have passed the required Federal
Communications Part 15 Section B-EMI/RFI tests.
Warranty on all disk drives Is one full year parts and labor. Warranty on floppy disk
drive power supplies is five (5) years. In warranty or out of warranty service is 24 hour
turn-a round on all disk drives and power supplies.
Full Height -
100-1 Sin 8 ,e Sided 40 tk Bare $99.95
In Case with Power Supply , ". 1 39.95
Dual Drives in One Cabinet 239.95
100-2 Dual Sided 40 * Bare 109.95
In Case with Power Supply 149.95
Dual Drives in One Cabinet 259.95
Half High Drives
Single Sided 40 tk Bare 79.95
In Case with Power Supply , 1 19.95
Dual Drives in One Cabinet *. . 209.95
Dual Sided 40 tk Bare 109.95
In Case with Power Supply 149.95
Dual Drives in One Cabinet 259.95
Apple/Franklin Disk Drives
35/40 Track in Case with Cable and Software 1 29.95
TURBO-M PC
FREE— The Wiz™
CALL
TOLL FREE ORDERING
1-800-343-8841
Trademark of MicroSmart, Inc.
COLOR COMPUTER DISK DRIVE SYSTEMS AND ADD IN PRODUCTS
40 Track Single Head Drive with Case, Power Supply, Cable Controller,
Instruction Booklet, Diskettes $189.95
Above with Dual Drives in One Cabinet 269.95
40 Track Dual Head with Case, Power Supply, Cable Controller,
Instruction Booklet, Diskettes 229.95
Above with Dual Drives In One Cabinet 329.95
PRINTERS
Dot Matrix
Citizen Call
Star Micronics — N.X. Series starting at $299.95
Daisy Wheel
Silver Reed 440 80 Column 12 CPX 315.95
550 132 Column 19 CPS 439.95
770 132 Column 36 CPS ..895.00
Olympia 132 Column 14 CPS WITH Form and Tractor Feed 399.95
Printer Cables starting at 9.95
Printer Paper — Microperf Edge 1000 Sheets 16.95
CALL FOR MODEM SPECIALS
Modem Special 300/1200 $199.95
ALL IN-STOCK ITEMS SHIPPED WITHIN 24 HOURS. SAME DAY SHIPPING
PROVIDED BY REQUEST WITHOUT ANY EXTRA HANDLING CHARGES.
Diskettes in 10 Pack ...
Two print switches
Disk Drive Cables ,
Maintenance Cleaning Kits . ,
Parallel Printer Buffers 8K . .
Floppy Disk Drive Cablet
1 Drive
2 Drives ,
Heath/Zenith 2 Drive Cables
MISCELLANEOUS
Shielded
. . from $7.95
. . from 49.95
from 16.00
12.00
149.95
16.00
18.95
24.95
ELECTRICAL
$29.95
399.95
Software Support Inc. MlCf OSlTiart lllC. Our New Company
TERMS and CONDITIONS:
All prices are cash discounted. However, we do
accept MC. VISA, AMEX & DISCOVER credit cards.
C.O.D.'s are accepted-No deposit required.
Purchase Orders-Corporate, Government & School
PO.'s are accepted. Please call for details.
^Shipping Costs are calculated per order.
Please call for total.
Shipments of all in-stock products are made within
24 hours. Same day service is available upon
request — no added cost.
Not responsible for typographical errors.
Terms and Specifications may
change without notice.
200 Homer Avenue
Ashland, MA 01781
1-617-872-9090
Hours: Mon.-Fri. 10 am to 5:30 pm (est) Sat 4:00 pm
Toll Free Ordering 1-800-343-8841
Dealer Inquiries I
Services Returns: It is our policy to repair all service
returns within 24-48 hours Normally same day turn-
around is accomplished. It is necessary to have a
(R)eturn (M)aterial (A)uthorization to insure
speedy service.
IBM, TAVA, COLUMBIA. 5151. COMPAQ. EAGLE.
TRS/80, HEATH/ZENITH are registered trademarks
of IBM Corp., Tava Corp., Columbia Computer Corp.
Key Tronics Corp, Compaq Corp, Eagle Computer.
Tandy Corp, Zenith Corp, respectively.
1 986 Software Support, Inc. All rights reserved
1986 MicroSmart, Inc. All rights reserved
TURBO M ' of MicroSmart Inc
DELPHI BUREAU
Using Mail In the SIG
By Cray Augsburg
Rainbow's CoCo SIGop
Username: RAINBOWMAG
7 all know that a lot of
^y^/ £k time is involved in read-
T T ing and answering mail.
I wanted to find a way to make the job
easier, and with a lot of searching, I
found a way. That has prompted me to
devote this column to some of the
features and commands found in Del-
phi Mail.
For starters, how do we get to Mail?
Well, you can enter MAIL from the
CoCo SIG prompt or the forum
prompt. You can also enter /MAIL while
in conference. Keep in mind that, upon
using CONTROL-Z, you return to the
area of Delphi from which you entered
Mail. In the Mail section you have
access to different files, each of which
may contain several folders. When
entering Mail you will be in your
MAIL. MAI file. Within that file, you
can create new- folders, each of which
can hold several letters. This is the basic
structure of the Mail system. The de-
fault folder on entering Mail is your
NEWMAIL folder. It contains any
letters that you have not yet read (or
received).
To see the messages in your NEW-
MAIL folder, enter DIRECTORY. As
with other Delphi commands you can
abbreviate this to DIR. You should see
a complete list of waiting Mail mes-
sages. If you don't, then you have no
waiting Mail. To see a list of all the
folders within your MAIL.MAI file,
enter DIRECTORY/FOLDERS or DIR /
FOLDERS. Once you have this list, you
can get a directory of one of these
folders by entering DIR (foldername).
Cray Augsburg is rainbow's technical
assistant and has an associate's degree
in electrical engineering. He and his
wife, Ruth Ann, have two children and
live in Louisville, Kentucky. His user-
name on Delphi is RAINBOWMAG.
This sets your new default folder to the
name of the folder you chose and then
lists a directory of that folder to your
terminal. When you finish and leave the
Mail section, if you come back into
Mail, your default folder is automati-
cally reset to NEWMAIL.
You say you only have one folder,
NEWMAIL, in your MAIL.MAI file?
Well, we can correct that situation and
make your life a lot easier in the process.
When you read a message from another
user you have several options. First, you
can choose whether or not you want to
reply. Then you can either delete or save
the message. Deleting a message is easy
and gets it out of your hair. When you
have finished reading the message and
replied to the sender, just enter DELETE.
The message will be wiped out. But,
what if you want to save the message?
Saving a Mail message is just as easy.
Instead of typing DELETE, enter FILE
(foldername). This files the message in
the folder you specify. If the folder does
not exist, Delphi asks if you want to
create it. This can come in very handy.
I have folders named IMPORTANT,
PENDING, TODO, JOKES, OS9, and
several others. You get the idea. Create
as many folders as you need to keep
your mail organized. Now when you do
a DIR, you will be able to see how your
mail setup is structured.
Let's assume you read a message from
another user and decide it isn't impor-
tant, so you delete it. Then your room-
mate r comes in and wants to see the
message. What can you do? The Mail
system does have safety valves. When
you delete a message, it really goes to
another folder in your mail system. This
folder is named WASTEBASKET. Just
enter DIR WASTEBASKET and youH see
your deleted messages there, provided
you have not used CONTROL-Z to leave
Mail. When you delete a message, a
special folder named WASTEBASKET
is created. All deleted messages in the
same Mail session go there. WASTE-
BASKET is emptied when you press
CONTROL-Z.
You can file messages from any foldei
to another folder. The message appears
in the new folder and disappears in the
present folder. The only requirement is
that you read the message first. Any
message you are able to read, you are
also able to act on.
If you don't delete or file a message
you have just read, where does it go? It
goes into another folder named MAIL,
It's as simple as that. If you read a
message in NEWMAIL and don't delete
or file it, it is automatically filed in your
MAIL folder on leaving Mail.
To send a copy of a letter to another
Delphi user, enter FORWARD after read-
ing the message. Delphi asks to which
username to send the copy and then
asks for the subject. Enter the appro-
priate responses and the message will be
DATABASE REPORT
'W^J T have been fortunate in
VVP having Steve Bjork
▼ TV/ (6809ER) and Dale Lear
(DALELEAR) to whom Tandy chose to
give CoCo 3s, as frequent visitors to our
service. Dale Lear is our OS-9 section
leader. Thanks to them, and to Tandy,
who released some of their information
to the public, we have been able to supply
accurate and detailed information about
the machine to our members.
Because there has been so much inter-
est in this successor to the CoCo 2, we
have created a special topic area (CoCo
3 News) dedicated to news about and
programs for the CoCo 3. Among other
things we hope to have will be full
specifications for the GIME chip, just as
soon as Tandy feels comfortable about
allowing us to publish them. I also expect
that section to be used for folks to report
any problems they find with the machine.
In the meantime, we should be able to
answer many of your questions about it.
One of the most striking additions to
our Graphics topic area is a Macintosh
1 02 THE RAINBOW November 1 966
;opied to the other user. You also retain
t copy which you may then file. FOR-
WARD works just like the SEND com-
nand, only it acts on a letter you have
eceived rather than a new one you want
0 send. To send a new letter to another
lser, just enter SEND at the Mail
)rompt. Then, answer the questions
ind type your letter. When you are
inished, press CONTROL-Z to send the
etter and return to the Mail prompt.
If you send a letter to someone and
vould like a copy sent to someone else,
here are two things you can do. First,
nclude both names at the TO: prompt
)f the send command. Separate the
lsernames with commas. You can send
1 letter to as many people as you want
ising this technique. Another way to
;end a copy is to enter SEND/LRST. This
vorks just like the SEND command
)nly it sends the same letter you just sent
o the first user. This only works if used
mmediately after the original SEND,
rou can also send letters to yourself
ising any of the above techniques. This
s great if you need to keep a copy of
in important letter you are sending
;omeone.
To reply to a letter you receive, enter
3EPLY at the Mail prompt following the
etter. You are put into the edit mode to
create a letter of reply. When you use
20NTR0L-Z, the reply will be sent to the
same person who sent the message.
The READ command is the simplest
:ommand in the Mail system, yet it can
sometimes be tricky. On entering Mail,
you are in the NEWMAIL folder. You
:an now enter READ or just press ENTER.
In either case, your oldest unread mes-
sage scrolls on the screen. Another READ
or ENTER causes the second oldest
message to be read. But, what if you
want to read the 12th letter? Just enter
READ 12. You are taken to the 12th
message and subsequent READs or en-
ters take you from there. When you
have read the last message in your
NEWMAIL file, another READ causes
the message "No more messages" to
appear on the screen. Another READ
beyond this causes the first message to
be read again. The Mail system works
in a circle.
The READ command can also be
used to change to a new folder. Just
enter READ (foldername). Your default
folder will be changed to the new folder
and you'll see the first message filed in
that folder come across your screen. If
you want to change to a new folder, but
don't want to read the first message files
there, use DIR (foldername).
Next month we'll see another way to
select default folders and do many fancy
things in the Mail system. Well try to
cover some new features to be found in
Workspace. Till then, keep up the
experimentation. Now that you have an
idea of how Mail works, go in there,
Picture Converter, written by Erik
Gavriluk (ERIKGAV), co-author of
McPaint. This utility, like the Commo-
dore 64 converter that Eric and I co-
authored some time ago, allows CoCo
owners to download Macintosh Mac-
Paint pictures from bulletin boards, then
view those pictures on the Co Co. Mac-
Paint pictures may be found on Delphi
in the Micro Artists SIG in the Macin-
tosh topic area of the database. Also, I
have begun the process of uploading
images from the "CoCo Gallery" to the
Graphics database for downloading.
(These files, unlike the rainbow on tape
files, are free.)
In the OS-9 topic area Dale Lear has
reorganized some of our older files,
grouping them more conveniently in
logical packages. He's also written an
index of all the material in the OS-9
database, which he plans to keep up to
date. Milt Webb (MILTWEBB) has
given us a tutorial for printing horizontal
bar graphs to the screen under OS-9. Bob
Montowski (GRAPHICSPUB) has sent
us tutorials for novice OS-9 users. He
also has given us some fundamental
pieces of an OS-9 BBS system, including
RS-232 Pak port drivers, and some extra
commands for BASIC09. Andrew Ellinor
(CROPPER) has uploaded to us an
OS-9 terminal program that features
Xmodem support, written under BAS1C09.
In the General topic area are four new
articles by Dale Lear, Rick Adams
(RICKADAMS), Cray Augsburg
(RAINBOWMAG) and me. Three of
them concern information about the
CoCo 3, and one is a humorous account
of an adventure Rick and I had.
Don Hutchison (DONHUTCHISON)
has uploaded some new material to the
Source Code for 6809 Assemblers sec-
tion. Larry Wimble (THEAS
SEMBLER) has provided us with in-
structions for putting a pause control on
the CoCo.
Our Utilities section is bulging with
new additions. Doug Masten
(DMASTEN) has given us a revised
command file for BASIC. Larry Wimble
has given us Demon Dialer, Circuit
Drawer^ a basic database program, and
others. Jerome Kalkhof (GRUMCLUB)
has given us some modem/ buffer print-
ing utilities. Richard Trasborg (TRAS)
has contributed a disk catalog utility.
Milt Webb has given us an encryption
program. Robert £. Pierce (RPIERCE)
has sent us an edit/display utility.
Our Music topic has received over a
enter ? and see some of the other
commands. See what they do and how
they work. I guarantee you will be
amazed with how sophisticated the
Mail system really is. And it beats U.S.
Mail to pieces as far as delivery time is
concerned! □
hundred new files in the last month.
Dozens of files were contributed by Scott
Milliken (IDIOT), Stephen Scherock
(SFSCHEROCK) and Tom King
(CAPNCRUNCH). Other contributors
to the Music topic area this month are
Shawn J. Bush (SBUSH), Ned Smith
(NEDSM), Ray Wright (RAYWRI), Jim
Brooks (X ANTHA) and Thomas Patrick
Daly (TPD).
In addition to the Macintosh Convert-
er and "CoCo , Gallery " material men-
tioned, our Graphics topic area has
swelled with the addition of over 50 new
images and programs. Bob Montowski
has been one of the principle contribu-
tors, as has Richard Trasborg who has
uploaded some studies of the female form
by Mike Trammell. Bruce Henry (OZ),
John Fitzgerald (FITZ), Ray Wright and
Andrew Ellinor are other contributors.
Loren J. Howell (XENOS) has con-
tributed to our Games topic area The
Catacombs of Yendor, and Larry Wim-
ble has given us a logic game. Truman
Bryerton (GRANDAD) has given us Exit
Left and Mike Lucash (MIKELUCASH)
has given us Miner.
In the Data Communications topic
area we have received a new version of
ASCII Express (Version 2.0) from Erik
Gavriluk and Greg Miller (GREG
MILLER). This is a powerful combina-
tion terminal program and mini bulletin
board system. Mike Banks (KZIN) has
given us a list of CoCo bulletin boards,
and Greg Miller has sent us a useful disk-
to-disk transfer program that sends an
entire disk of data from one CoCo to
another with error detection and correc-
tion.
Don Hutchison, who officially joined
our staff last month, has been tirelessly
at work enabling new files in the database
and uploading past issues of rainbow on
tape material. We have the past three
years of rainbow on tape files now
available online. Eric Tilenius (TILE
NIUS) has been enhancing the keywords
used in the rainbow on tape database.
We are staying on top of developments
regarding the CoCo 3 on a minute-to-
minute basis, while greatly increasing our
already huge storehouse of programs,
articles and images written for and on the
CoCo 1 and 2. Overall, this has been a
very active month, and I encourage you
to drop by and check us out.
— Marty Goodman
(MARTYGOODMAN)
Delphi CoCo SIG Database Manager
November 1 986 THE RAINBOW 1 03
GO TEAM, GO! The Professional
Football Handicapping System has
been introduced by Software Exchange.
This program allows anyone to handi-
cap the weekly NFL games using infor-
mation found in the daily newspaper's
sports section. The system is available
on cassette or disk for the Color Com-
puter at $39.95 plus S2S/H. For further
information, contact Software Ex-
change, P. O. Box 5382, West Bloom-
field, MI 48033, (313)626-7208.
ALL SYSTEMS GO A six-outlet surge
protector for personal computers has
been introduced by Microcomputer
Accessories, Inc. (MCA). Designed to
protect your system from surges, spikes
and noise interference, MCA's Surge
Protector cuts power in less than one
nanosecond and provides surge protec-
tion on all three surge paths. Should
power intervention occur, the device
can be reactivated with the built-in
Reset button. The price is $39.95. For
more information, contact Department
L, Microcomputer Accessories, Inc.,
5405 Jandy Place, P. O. Box 66911, Los
Angeles, CA 90066-0911, (213) 301-
9400.
PAPER CACHE hi-tech Stationery
now produces a complete line of busi-
ness and personal stationery designed
for computer systems. The stationery,
which comes in a wide variety of pat-
terns, has pinholes down both edges for
operation with the tractor-feed mechan-
ism found on most personal printers.
Each order contains 50 continuous
pages of stationery and 25 #10 enve-
lopes. The price ranges from $5.95 to
$9.75. Custom letterhead stationery
priced per order. Contact hi-tech Sta-
tionery, 5901 Warner Avenue, Suite
270, Huntington Beach, CA 92649,
(714) 840-6038.
CLEAN SWEEP Ohm/ Electronics
continues to support its Scooter Prod-
ucts line of protective computer acces-
sories with the introduction of easy-to-
use disk drive cleaning kits. Model
SCK5.25 is intended for use with Sc-
inch disk drives and includes a cleaning
disk and cleaning fluid. The kit also
provides for cleaning either single-sided
or double-sided drives. Price for the
SCK5.25 is $6.95. Contact Scooter
Products, Ohm I Electronics, Inc., 746
Vermont Street, Palatine, IL 60067,
(800) 323-2727 (Illinois, call 312-359-
6040).
ON THE MOVE Spectrum Projects has
notified us of a recent change of ad-
dress. The new address is: Spectrum
Projects, P.O. Box 264, Howard Beach,
NY 11414. The C.O.D. order line
number is now (718) 835-1344.
FREE CATALOG Support Systems
International Corporation has just
released a free catalog for computer
cables and accessories. The new catalog
covers nearly all necessary items for
installing your computer system and
runs the gamut from data transfer
switches to wall outlet plates. Free
catalogs are available by contacting
Support Systems International Corpo-
ration, 150 South Second Street, Dept.
ES, Richmond, CA 94804, (415) 234-
9090.
BOOKWORM Howard W. Sams & Co.
has recently added two new selections
to its wide line of technical publications.
Understanding Advanced Solid State
Electronics, a 272-page book, covers
such topics as logic cells and arrays,
microprocessors, graphics processors,
linear integrated circuits and bit-slice
systems. Glossary, index and chapter
review questions and answers are in-
cluded in this $14.95 book. John D.
Lenk's Troubleshooting & Repair of
Microprocessor-Based Equipment is
another offering from Sams. This 250-
page manual, which retails for $21.95,
contains general procedures, techniques
and tips for troubleshooting equipment
containing microprocessors. Topics
include test equipment, associated
problems in troubleshooting, flip-flop
and register troubleshooting, current
flow analysis and step-by-step proce-
dure for troubleshooting the VCR. All
Sams Books are available through
bookstores, electronic distributors, or
directly from Sams by calling (800) 428-
SAMS.
SPEEDSTER The Pro Writer Jr. dot-
matrix printer from C. Itoh Digital
Products has been upgraded to a speed
of 120 cps in draft mode, an increase of
14 percent. The compact Pro Writer Jr.
also features high resolution graphics,
one-button selection of near-letter
quality and a short paper tear-off capa-
bility. Retailing for $349, the ProWriter
Jr. is compatible with most popular
personal computers. For more informa-
tion, contact C. Itoh Digital Products,
Inc., 19750 South Vermont Avenue,
Suite 220, Torrance, CA 90502, (213)
327-2110.
DOWN ON THE FARM Based on a
recently released survey, Farm Comput-
er News has reported that, not only do
most of their subscribers own their own
computers, but nearly half of them plan
to buy another one. The survey also
indicated that the most common use for
those computers is spreadsheets, with
fully 80 percent of the respondents
saying that was their primary function
on the computer. The next most com-
mon use was word processing (76 per-
cent). Apple took the biggest bite out of
the ownership market with a 32 percent
share. IBM holds a 25 percent share, but
Radio Shack is still holding its own with
17 percent.
1 04 THE RAINBOW November 1 986
GREAT COCO
SECRETS REVEALED
An introduction to the
Color Computer III II!
Compares differences
between the CoCo l/ll
and the NEW CoCo
GIME chip specs
New Ext. Basic 2.0 cmds
New Memory Map
128K Memory Tester
$14.95
PRODUCTS
$29.95
C III GRAPHICS
It's here! A drawing
program for the CoCo III
using the new Enhanced
graphic features. Requires
128K CoCo III w/Disk
Uses 320x192 graphics
16 of any 64 colors
Save & Load 32K screens
Dual joystick button
$19.95
SUPER RAM -
The first 256K/512K memory board for the CnOn I f ! 256K/512K of memory resides
IN THIS STURDY, LOW NOISE METAL CASE AND ALL THE SUPPORT CIRCUITRY TO ACCESS IT
AS A HIGH SPEED RAMP I SK ! OOMPATIRI F WITH AIL CoOo II 's . EVEN THE 26-3 127R AND
26-3134A/B . (see June '86 Rainbow Review) Requires a RS Multi-Pak.
25K Board - $129.95 5J2K Board (Recommended for QS=1 users) - $169.95
QS=1 Driver - $24.95
SUPER CONTROLLER -
The most AMAZING CoCo Disk Controller ever ! Switch up to four DQS's (up to 16K)
via a single software POKE. Choose between R/S 1.0/1.1, Spectrum DOS, ADOS, JDOS
Stearman DOS - $99.95 ( Spectrum DOS $29.95 or ADOS $39.95 with purchase of the
Super Controller - Buy 'em both for $59)
Fnhancfd Display BQ - Add an 80X24 display. Real Time Clock and Centronics
parallel printer interface to your Super Controller ! Includes SMOOTH SCROLLING,
Switchable Video Input - $149.95 (NEW OS-9 Driver for Display 80 - $24.95)
EPR0M Programmer for the Super Controller - $69.95 (Uses 2764's ($4.95) or
271 28' s ($6.95) EPROMS)
COMING SOON
COCO III 512K UPGRADE - ENHANCED COCO III DOS
All orders plus $3.00 S/H (Foreign $5.00) - COD add $2.00 extra - NYS Residents add Sales Tax
SPECTRUM PROJECTS
PO BOX 264
HOWARD BEACH NY 11414
COD ORDER HOT LINE 718-835-1344
SPECTRUM PROJECTS
SOFT AND HARD WARES FOR
COLORFUL COMPUTING
COMMUNICATION
■
CQLORCQH/E - A complete smart
terminal package! Upload,
Download, Hi-Res (51X24)
screen, 300/1200 Baud, Offline
Printing. 32/64K Disk* - $39.95
*- Now with DELPHI & Compuserve
XMODEM support! Download ML!
COMPUSERVE Starter Kit $14.95
MODEMS
^minium
KEYBOARDS
WORD PROCESSING
1 200 BAUD
$129.95**
Hayes compatible! Super for the
DELPHI & C ompuserve CoCo Sig!
300/1200 Baud, Auto -dial / answer
** Requires Modem cable .$19.95
«
p iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
R S 26-3016 Low Profile CoCo
Keybd. Fits all CoCoII's, "F" &
TDP-100's WA5 ~$39.95 NOW $19.95
Adapter for D/E CoCoI's - $9.95
IS
TELEWRITER-64 - Three Hi -Res
screens, true lowercase char's
right justify, full screen
editor. Tape $49.95 Disk $59.95
TELEPATCH - A TW-64 enhancer ! ! !
True block move, O verstri ke &
T SPOOL mode. Type Ahead Buffer
FASTER Disk I/O 64K Disk $19.95
SEIKOSHA
SP-1000A
• 100 cps draft
• 20 cps NLQ
• Friction and tractor
• Front panel Controls
• 1.5 K buffer
$219.95
PRINTERS
Diiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiij i
GEMINI NX-10 - 120 cps, tract-
frict feed, NLQ mode, 5K buffer
Front Panel Controls! - $249.95
KAMELEON -Low cost Parallel Ptr
Interface! 600/9600 Baud $49.95
PBH-64 - A combo Parallel Ptr
interface & 64K Print Buffer !
COMPUTE while you PRINT $149.95
51III1IIIIN mm iiiiiinffl—
MONITORS
PIIIHIIIIH I IIIIIIIHIIIIIIIIIIIIIlip
i £Rtsg RGB
□
I 1PONITOR
1 for CoCo III
L $399.95*J
e
e
MONOCHROME
MONITORS
80x24 Hi-Res screens! $89.95
Universal Video Driver - Works
w/all monitors & CoCos!- $29.95
1 3 7r K)L0R Monitors $169.95
el
$10
Monitor Stand $24.95
*Dual RGB modes I ! I
OFF COLORCOM/E WITH A HAYES MODEM
OFF TELEWRITER-64 WITH ANY PRINTER,
KEYBOARD OR MONITOR
SPEEDY COD ORDER HOT LINE - CALL 718-835-1344
$10
SPECTRUM PROJECTS
SOFT AND HARD WARES FOR
COLORFUL COMPUTING
SPREADSHEET
DATA DASE MANAGER
PRO-COLOR FILE - 60 Data Fids,
8 Report Frnts, 4 Screen Fmts.
FAST ML Sort, Global Search,
1020 bytes/record - Disk $49.95
DYNACALC - Visicalc and format,
51x24 Screen, Hi-Res Graphics,
New LOW price! 64K Disk $69.95
Buy' em *B0TH* for only $99.95
i
COCO MAX II
Feature packed Hardware and
Software graphics system!!!
Pul 1-Down menus. Multiple font
styles, Full graphic editing,
256x1 92 Joystick input module.
64K Disk $79.95-w/Ycable $99.95
CoCoMax I-II Dsk Upgrade $19.95
MaxEdit-$19.95 MaxFonts-$64.95
DISK DRIVES
pi hi immiimfnnnmnfinnins
DOUBLE SIDED
DRIVE 0
$239.95
Top FD-501 Drive 1 (#26-3131) —
Easy install! (SAVE $60) $139.95
tnwiuii mi mnninm
TANDY 1000
Want to upgrade your $699/$999
Tandy 1000 ? (See below ! ! !)
640K Upgrade - Take your 128K
Tandy 1000 up to 640K and SAVE
(Why pay up to $520 ?*) $169.95
Tandy 1000 2nd Drive - Add 360K
of storage & SAVE MORE- $149.95
Buy 'em BOTH for only - $299.95
IS
4
►
'You judge'
GAME CONTROLLERS
TRACKBALL
$19.95*
IjiMco Command Adapter - Now you
can hookup 2 Atari type joystks
to your CoCo for only $19.95!
* Reg. $69.95 (See 9/86 review)
MINIMI Illllllll Illlllllll lllll
COCO II UPGRADES
Want to upgrade your new $69/
$88 CoCo II? (See below !!)
4464 DRAMs - two chip 64K
upgrade for 26-31 3 4A and 26-
3134B Korean CoCo IlT ..$39-95
Extended BASIC - 28 pin ROM for
26-3134 A7fTCoCo It's --.$34.95
Buy 'em BOTH for only - $69.95
-Cost of RS Memory PLUS
Expansion Board (25-1011) &
256K RAM kit (26-6019)
1986 Computer Catalogue - P.94
SPECTRUM PROJECTS, Inc.
PO BOX 264
HOWARD BEACH, NY 11414
CoCo Club/Dealer
inquiries invited !
Software/Hardware
submissions welcomed !
Looking for CoCo III software
All orders plus $3,00 S/H (Foreign $5.00) - COD add $2.00 extra - NYS Residents add Sales Tax
Use low resolution graphics to create sharp logon messages
Graphically Speaking:
The Artistic BBS
By Eric Bailey
4
The world of telecommunications
is expanding rapidly and the
CoCo is growing with it. One of
the things coming our way soon is
telecommunicating with graphics. No
one has produced a terminal program
for the Co Co that can transfer high
resolution graphics, yet. But low reso-
lution graphics are possible through a
modem.
I have tried to send graphics of the
highest resolution for the CoCo, but it
takes over five or 10 minutes for a
simple picture. I have experimented to
find a way to transfer the high resolu-
tion graphics, but have not found a way
to make it easy to add to a BBS (Bulletin
Board System). A new terminal pro-
gram and BBS software would have to
be written.
I decided to write a program that
allows you to create and edit low reso-
lution graphics. Then, if you have a
BBS, you can use the data files to create
logon messages.
Some bulletin board systems create
Eric Bailey is a 14-year-old self-taught
programmer from Urbana, Illinois. He
has programmed on several of the
Tandy computers and found the Color
Computer to be his favorite.
graphics with text. They use the slashes,
plus and minus signs, etc. The idea is
good, and the systems using graphics
seem to attract more people. I used this
idea and added a little more.
For a remote terminal to see these
graphics, it must be using a CoCo and
the terminal program must show the
character strings 128 through 255.
Some of the new communications pack-
ages are in high resolution and do not
show these character strings, so the
graphics won't appear correctly.
My program, LWRSEDIT, creates
the graphics with the SET and RESET
commands. The save routine PEEKs
each character of the screen and saves
it in ASCII format. These graphics are
in low resolution (64 by 32 pixels), but
it is still possible to make some very nice
pictures. Pictures can really add excite-
ment to your bulletin board.
Type in the program listing and save
it. When run, it asks whether you want
to see a command summary or start.
The command summary lists all the
commands you can use while the pro-
gram is running.
The program asks for a color. This
color is just to start with; you may
change it anytime while in the edit
mode. It then asks for the name of the
picture to edit. After these questions are
answered, the screen turns black and
there is a flashing cursor in the color you
chose at the first prompt.
To move the cursor, use the four
arrow keys. To make a dot the same
color as the cursor, press the space bar.
The color can be changed by pressing
'C\ When the cursor stops blinking,
press the number of the color wanted.
Use the colors listed in the main menu.
These are the same as the values the
CoCo uses in BASIC.
After the color has been changed,
some problems may occur. When the
cursor is moved over another color, the
other colors flash on and off. This is to
warn you that if you press the space bar
(to make a dot), then all those blinking
colors will change too. This is because
the CoCo can only mix a color with
black. This only happens in a block of
four pixels. My advice is to carefully
space your picture if you plan to use
many colors.
For the text mode, press 'T*; the
program offers text with your graphics.
Use lowercase for the characters to mix
with the background.
To save a picture, press 'S\ It uses the
last name you used. To change the
filename, use 'F\
1 08 THE RAINBOW November 1 986
A
SHOPPING LIST
CHIP -SALE- ...
6821 Standard PIA^drftS" $4.95
Basic ROM 1.1 ChipIfcWrfS* $7.95
6847 VDG Chip M: $9.95
6809E CPU Chip^rfST $9.95
27256 EPROM (Fits CoCoIII ROM) ...$19.95
Orig SAM Chip (6883) $2»t95: $19.95
Basic ROM 1.3 ( Newest version) ...$19.95
68766 (Fits all Basic ROMS) EPROM $19.95
Disk ROM 1.1. (Needed for CoCoIII ) $29.95
New SAM Chip w/heatsink (74LS785) $29.95
Ext Basic 1.1 ROM - NEW LOW PRICE $29.95
CoCo First Aid Kit - includes two PIA's,
6809E CPU & SAM Chips 359*33: $39.95
EPROM Eraser - 3 min erasure time $49.95
EPROM Prgmr - 271 6" s up to 27512 ! Super
fast programming-See 4/86 review $149.95
COCO LIBRARY...
A History of the CoCo / 1980-1986 .$3.95
New! 200 MORE Pokes, Peeks 'N Execs $9.95
Basic Programmi ng Tricks Revealed. $14. 95
CoCo Memory Map ...$16.95
500 Pokes, Peeks 'N Execs $16.95
Basic 09 Tour Guide ....$19.95
Assembly Language Programmi ng ....$19.95
Color Basic Unraveled $19.95
Extended Basic Unraveled $19.95
Disk BasicTTTO/1 . 1 ) Unraveled ...$19.95
Newl CoCo H Service Manual* $24.95
CoCo III Service Manual $39.95
Official MICROWARE 0S9 Manual Set $49.95
The Complete Rainbow Guide to OS9.$19.95
W/Two Disk Package of demo pgms ..$49.95
Color / Extended / Disk Basic Unraveled -
Complete disassembly of the CoCo ROMS!
Complete 3 Book Set - Save $10! ..$49.95
MORE GOOD STUFF...
DELUXE JOYSTICK - Now only $29.95
Computi^e "Y" Box - More positive
connections than a "Y" Cable $29.95
PBJ WORDPAK-RS - Newest version ! Hi Res
80x24 display. Comes w/0S-9 drivr $99.95
Micro Works DS-69A Digitizer ....$149.95
51 2K Color Computer 3 $349.95
* - Specify CoCo II Catalogue Number
All orders plus $3.00 S/H (Foreign $5.00)
COD add $2.00 extra
NYS Residents add Sales Tax
COCO CABLES AND...
Pri nter/Modem 15' Extender Cable .$14.95
Tired of unplugging devices from your
RS232 port? Try a RS232 "Y" Cable . $19. 95
Disk Drive Cable (34"pin - 34pTnT. $1 9. 95
Modem Cable - 6ft (DB25-DB25) ....$19.95
Joystick7Mouse 10' Ext Cable $19.95
Dual Disk Drive Cable (3-34pin) ..$24.95
Null Modem Cable - 4 pin to DB25 .$24.95
TS^ Multi-Pak/Rom Pak Extender - Move
your Multi/ROM Paks further away . $27. 95
40 Pin Dual "Y" Cable - Hook up a Disk
w/Voice. Word Pak. CoCo Max, etc ..$29.95
Triple RS232 SwitcHer ^ow select one
of any three RS232 peripherals ...$39.95
40 Pin Triple "Y" Cable - Hook up any 3-
Voi ce7Word/RS232/Dl giti zer PAKs ..$39.95
Special! 4 Drive Disk Cable $49.95
OTHER GOOD STUFF...
C— 10 tapes in any quantity .....49 cents
5 1/4 " Diskettes , any quantity .79 cents
0S-9 Quick Reference Guide $3.95
VHS T-120 Video Tapes $7.95
Rompak w/Blank PC Brd-27xx series .$9.95
Video Clear - This cable will reduce TV
interference created by CoCo! ....$19.95
The Mag i c Box - Load Mod I/I 1 1 Basic
program tapes Into the CoCo ......$24.95
DOS Switcher - Select from any two DOSs
T&Tsk 1.0 1.1, JD0S) in J&M ctlr .$29.95
Orig CoCo I "D" Rev motherboard . Includes
all chips (SAM, CPU, PIA's, VDG) except
RAM and Ext Basic ! Spare Parts ! $39.95
256K RAM Chips (Set of 8) $39.95
Model 100 8K Upgrade $39.95
HJL-57 Keyboard - Save $7.00!!! ,.$72.95
Specify Model /Revision Board
HPS Controller w/1.1 R0M(SAVE$20) $79.95
Amdek Drive System w /con troll er .$239.95
HOWARD BEACH NY 11414
HOT LINE
-1344
■718-835
Something possibly wrong with your CoCo? ?? CoCo CHECKER is the answer! ! Will test your ROMs,
'RAM's v Disk Drives & Controller, Printer, Keyboard, Cassette, Joysticks, Sound, PIAs, VDG, Internal
Clock Speed, Multi-Pak Interface and more!! 16K TAPE/DISK $21.95 (see Jan '85 Rainbow Review)
MULT1-PAK CRAK
Save ROM PAKs to your .64 K Disk System using the RS Multi-Pak Interface. Eliminate constant
plugg in g in of ROMPAKs now by keeping all your PAK software on disk . Includes POKE s for
"P ROBLEM " ROMPAKs- including the NEW 16K PAKSI (Demon Attack,Dragons Lair,etc) 64K DISK $24-95
7MI the FEATURES of TELE PATCH plus the classically proportioned characters of the WIZARD
($19.95) font w/TRUE lowercase descenders! Get BOTH & SUPERCHARGE your T W-64 for only $29-95
SPIT N IMAGE
A super upgrade from Disk Omni Clone! Back everything up! This amazing program handles non
standard " disks with ease. We haven't found any disk yet that it can't handle. Don't ever be caught
without a backup again! Lowest price too! Beats most " copy protection" programs! 32K DISK $29-95
COCO SCREEN DUMP
The best screen dump program for the Panasonic, Epson & Gemini printers ever! Have the option of
standard or reverse images w/regular or double sized proportional pictures. 600-9600 Baud too! A
must for Graphicom and CoCo Calendar users. 16K TAPE/DISK $21.95 (see Nov '84 Rainbow Review)
DISK UTILITY 2.1*
A multi-featured tool for USER FRIENDLY disk handling. Utilize a directory window to selectively
sort, move, rename and kill file entries. Lightning fast Disk I/O for format, copy and backup.
Examine contents of files, the Granule Table, plus the size, load addresses and entry points of all
programs. Single command execution of both Basic and ML programs. 32K/64K DISK $24.95 "Disk
Utility has proven itself very quickly at, my house" - Ed EHers Oct '84 Rainbow Review pg. 220
SPECTRUM FONT GENERATOR
Now you can write files using any CoCo Word Processor (Telewriter-64, VIP Writer, etc.) and convert
them to special Highly Detailed character sets ! Some of the character sets supported are italics ,
Old English , Futuristic and Block . A character set ed itor is included to create custom sets or
modify existing ones! Supports most dot-matrix printers! DISK $29.95 (see Dec '85 Rainbow Review)
SPECTRUM DOS
Add 24 NEW Disk commands with 2 Hi -Res screens! Supports 40 track & Double -Sided drives, 6 ms
stepping, auto disk search, error trapping & " EPROMABLE ", 64K DISK jfe*9^5: New LOW price!! $24.95
SCHEMATIC DRAFTING PROCESSOR
Save tim e and design pro looking diagrams using a 480X540 pixel worksheet w/6 viewing windows .
Over electronic symbols w/10 definable symbols . (Even Logic gates & Multipin chips!) Print hard
copy and save to disk . 64K DISK $4$t&5l New LOW price!!! $29.95 (see Jan '84 Rainbow Review)
THE MEMORY MANAGER
Now you can use; the SECOND 32K memory bank of your 64K CoCo as a SUPERFAST Ramdisk ! Also
CHAIN a long Basic program from the first bank Into the second or LOAD Basic programs into both
32K banks and RUN from either bank! USER FRIENDLY & completely MENU DRIVEN. 64K DISK $29.95
COCO c
Use your CoCo to keep track of your checking and savings accounts! Printout individual personal
Checks! 32K/64K TAPE $19.95 DISK $29.95 (see April f 85 pg. 210 & Oct'85 pg. 197 Rainbow Reviews)
THE ULTIMATE GRAPHIC ADVENTURE
Wizard's Castle is a graphic adventure game with deadly creatures , magic spells and traps of all
types which are RANDOMIZED at the beginning of each session so that no 2 adventures will be the
same! REAL TIME ACTION keeps the game's characters interacting even though you may be waiting to
make a move. Includes three skill levels, 60 Hi -Res screens & Game Save Feature. 64K DISK $24.95
XPRESS ORDER A
YOUR LOCAL RADIO SHACK STORE1I!
ASK TO SEE THE RADIO SHACK
DEMO DISKS - FC#0249 & FC#0919!I!
Y ANY 5 PROGRAMS
GET A DOUBLE SIDED
DRIVE 0 FOR $199.95
O OTHER DISCOUNTS CAN BE APPLIED
><N> COLORFUL UTILITIES ooo
G CARD
Create custom greetings for any occasion: Birthdays, Anniversaries, Holidays, etc. The program can
be used to make custom Thank-You, Invitations, Get-Well cards and Announcements! Easy to use and
includes a library of pre - drawn Hi -Res graphics- Includes a screen & font editor- 32K DISK $24,95
COCO VIDEO TITLER
Start your VCR tapes with dazzling title frames followed by professional countdown to black fade-
outs! Use a title page editor with several sizes of text & background colors ! 32K DISK $24.95
PENPAL
it^sl'lerel; CoCo's answer to 1-2-3! PENPAL combines Word Processing, Communications, Graphics,
Data Base & Spread-sheet into a single integrated software package! 64K DISK INTRO PRICE $69-95
64K DISK UTILITY PACKAGE
Take advantage of an expanded 64K machine. Make an additional 8$ of RAM available by relocating
the Ext Basic ROM from $8000 to fP800. Copy ROMPAKS to disk (even protected" PAKS) and create
a 32K SPOOL buffer for printing. DISK $24.95 (see July '83 Rainbow Review)
TAPE /DISK UTILITY
A powerful package that transfers tape to disk and disk to tape automatically. Does an automatic
copy Of an entire disk of programs to tape. Ideal for Rainbow On Tape to disk. Also copies tape to
tape & prints tape & disk directories. TAPE/DISK $24.95 (see Sept '83 Rainbow Review)
^ A J
SUPER DUPER UTILITIES
Tinally! At last! A "SUPER DUPER" utility software package all rolled up into ONE!!! Includes such
great utilities as: CoCo Disk Zap, Disk Encryption, Disk Mailing List, EZ Disk Master, Graphics
ZOOM, Banner Creator, Function KEYS, Super INPUT/LINEINPUT, Basic Program PACKER, Alpha
Directory, Basic SEARCH and much, much more!!! 32K DISK $29.95 (see June f 86 Rainbow Review)
CDC
Get organized for '86 TODAY with the CoCo Calendar! Designed for recording the entire year f s
occassions and daily appointments so you can plan ahead. You can store HUNDREDS of entries and
our GRAPHIC Calendar will show all MEMOS! 32K DISK $19.95 (see Mar '86 Rainbow Review)
THE OS-9 SOLUTION
NOW, a program that creates a "USER FRIENDLY " environment within OS-9! The OS-9 SOLUTION
replaces 19 of the old " USER HOSTILE " commands with single keystroke, menu driven commands. No
more typing in complex long pathnames or remembering complicated syntaxes! Set all XMODE
parameters at the touch of keys !J$39f95T New LOW price!!! $24.95 (see Sept '85 Rainbow Review)
COCO-UTIL
Now you can have the power to easily transfer Radio Shack Color Computer disk files to your MS-
DOS machine - including the Tandy 1 000 & JBM PCHI You can also transfer MS-DOS files to your
CoCo disk, even format CoCo disks! CoCo-Util will save you countless hours of retyping ! No need to
move your computer or printer anymore! Requires 128K MS-DOS computer w/2 disk drives - $29.95
TTre
SOFTWARE BONANZA PACKAGE
reate an instant library of Spectrum Projects TOP Colorful Utility software. Select any of the
following 12 programs to customize your own SPECTACULAR SOFTWARE BONANZA ! CoCo Checker,
Multi-Pak Crak, CoCo Screen Dump, Disk Utility 2.1, Spectrum Font Generator, Tape/Disk Utility,
Fast Dupe II, 64K Disk Utility, Spectrum DOS, CoCo Calendar, Schematic Drafting Processor, OS-9
Solution, Basic Plus, EZ Base or Blackjack Royale (a $300 plus value) for only $99.95!!!
FRANK HOGG S O-PAK
A Hi-Res Screen & Utilities package for OS-9 users! Use one of the available Hi -Res character sets
(42X24, 64X19, 85X24, etc.) or create your own. Mix graphics with text on a screen with unlimited
flexibility. Copy files between OS-9 and Radio Shack DOS , 64K DISK $39.95
H(
COD add $2 extra
S Residents add Sales Tax
COD ORDER LINE 718-835-1344
HOWARD BEACH NY 11414
• • ■ . . _ _ ... >,
Finally, there is the load command;
press 'L\ which loads any picture al-
ready created, or it will load the first 512
characters of any data file in ASCII
format.
Modifications
• With a few modifications, you can
change the program to work on a
cassette system. Change the save and
load routines starting at lines 360 and
420, respectively. Change each expres-
sion of ttl to read 8-1. Line 470 needs
to be changed to a REM statement. It
should not be removed, because it
begins a subroutine.
The following listing is a short sub-
routine that can be inserted in a BBS to
add graphics. Change the name of the
data file to your needs. A short prompt
added to the login of your BBS will tell
if you should send graphics to them.
The question could be, "Are you using
a CoCo in 8-bit mode?" This ensures
people with other computers won't
receive garbage characters.
If the program does not work, try
changing Line 40 to 40 PRINT
■CHR$(fl) ;.
10 OPEN "I",l, "TEST'DfiT
20 FDR X = 1 TO 512
30 INPUT ttl,fl
40 POKE 1023 + X,P
50 NEXT X : CLOSE
(You may direct questions about this
program to the author at 2016 Vawter
#4, Urbana, IL 61801 217-384-5083.
Please enclose an SASE when writ-
ing.) ' □
150 .. ...204
410 ... /. .64
580 140
EN D . . . . .128
it •
The listing: LWRSED IT
10 1 LOW-RES GRAPHICS EDITOR
COPYRIGHT 1986
BY ERIC BAILEY
20 CLS : PRINTTAB ( 3 ) +STRING$ (25, 19
1) -HSTRINGf (7 , « Ir ) +CHR$ (191)+" LOW
-RES GRAPHICS EDITOR » + CHR $ (191)+
STRING$ ( 7 , " M ) +STRING$ ( 25,191)
30 PRINTTAB (8) "BY ERIC BAILEY"
RINT
4J3 INPUT "COMMAND SUMMARY
enter TO START
COMMAND" ;Q$
50 IFQ $= " C " ORC$= " C "THENGOTO 560
60 CLS: PRINT "CHOOSE COLOR
1 -GREEN 2-YEL
LOW 3 -BLUE 4 -RED
/B 5-BUFF 6-CYA
N ; 7-MAGENTA 8-ORA
NGE"
10 INPUT C : IFC<10RC>8THENGOT07j3
8J0 INPUT "WHAT IS THE NAME OF YOU
R PICTURE" ;F$
90 IF F$="" THENPRINT " YOU MUST C
HOOSE SOMETHING. ":GOT08p
100 I FLEN ( F$ ) >8THENPRINT "TOO LON
G. REDO" :GOT08#
lip CLS(p) :X=32:Y=16
120 A4=INT(Y/2) :A5=INT(X/2 ) :A6= (
A4 * 3 2 ) +A5 z CP=PEEK ( ;XJB 2 4 +A6 )
130 F0RT=1T025 :NEXTT: SET (X, Y, C) 1
F0RT=1T02 5 : NEXTT : RESET (X, Y)
I$=INKEY$
GOSUB 540
IFI $=» " THENGOTO 120
I F I $ = " a 1 1 THEN Y= Y - 1
I FI$=CHR$( 12 ) THENCLS 0 )
IFI$=CHR$(lp) THENY=Y+1
IFI$=CHR$ (9 ) THENX=X+1
210 IFI$=CHR$ (8 ) THENX=X-1
220 IFI $= " E " ORI $= " e " THENGOSUB5 50
230 I FI $ = " Q " ORI $= " q" THEN END
240 IFI$=" " THENGOSUB3 5 0
250 IFI $=" S "ORI $= " s 11 THENGOTO 3 10
2 60 I FI $*= " L" ORI $-" 1 "THENGOTO 43 0
180
200
couiin
BETICES
P. O. BOX C
S AUG US. CA. 91350
TM
Precision 1
Mfg. by Xidex/Dysan
High Quality at low
cost DSDD 54" Disks
10 per box. $9.9Qbx
3-9 10 up
$9.20 $8.40
Generic DSDD 54" Disks. $ per box
68$ each
30 for $18.
100.
F1IMTI1 JRI
r Add $1.50 on orders
less than $20.00.
Add $1.50 for CODs.
Calif. Sales Add
i6^^ax.
DEALER INQUIRIES
INVITED
Catalog?
Description
1 - 5
5 - 11
12 up
101-1505
C.I toll Prowriter I & 1 1 (Nylon)
$5.05
S 4.65
S 4.35
101-2240
Epson LX80 (Nylon)
$ 5.95
$ 5.45
S 5.15,
101-2250
Epson MX/FX/RX 70/80 (Nylon)
$ 4.95
S 4.55
S 4.30
101-4505
Gemini 10/10X/15/15X (Nylon)
$ 2.20
$ 2.00
S 1.90
101-4970
Gorella Banana (Nylon)
S 6.60
$ 6.15
$ 5.95
101-4320
NEC Spinwriter 5500/7700(Nylon)
$ 5.50
$ 5.05
S 4.75
101-4505
Okidata(Microline) 80/82/83/92/93(Ny )
$ 2.20
S 2.00
S 1.90
101-4515
Okidata(Microline) ML84 (Nylon)
S 5.15
$ 4.70
$ 4. 45
101-4700
Panasonic KX-P1090/91/92 (Nylon)
$11.15
S10.45
$10.10
101-4950
Radio Shack LP VI/VI 1 1 (Nyl on )
$ 5.80
$ 5.30
$ 5.00
101-4970
Radio Shack LP Vll (Nylon)
$ 6.60
S 6.15
$ 5.95
101-4615
Silver Reed EXP 400/500/550/770(Ny )
S 5.85
$ 5.20
$ 5.05
102-1505
102-4505
C.Itoh Prowriter I&II/Apple Imagewriter
Box of 5 colors (Red, Green, Yel low, Blue, Brown) S25.75box |
Okidata 80/82/83/92/93 Box of 5 Colors
Gemini 1Q/10X/15/I5X (Red, Green, Yel ,B1 ue, Brown) $12.50box |
Ribbons for most printers are available. Write for catalog or call on
the Data Line. Quantity discounts available in larger quantities. OK
I to mix ribbons for quantity prices (Minimum 6 per Type). ALL GUARANTEED!
112 THE RAINBOW November 1986
270 IFI$="C"0RI$="C»THENG0SUB62J3
28J3 IFI$="T"ORI$»"t l, THENGOSUB66j3
290 IFI $= 11 F 11 ORI $= " f " THENGOSUB7 3 f5
3pp IFX<0THENX=j3
310 IFX>63THENX=63
320 IFY<jZfTHENY s =j3
330 IFY>31THENY=31
34j3 K=j3:GOTO120
350 SET (X, Y, C) : RETURN
360 'SAVE ROUTINE
370 GOSUB540:OPEN"O" / #1,F$
380 FORQ=1024TO1535
390 W=PEEK(Q) : PRINT #1,W
400 NEXTQ
410 CLOSE#l:GOTO120
420 'LOAD ROUTINE
430 CLS:LINEINPUT"FILE YOU WISH
TO LOAD (INCLUDE EXTENSION) ";F
F$ : IFFF$=" "THENGOT03 40
440 IFINSTR (1,FF$ , "/" ) =0ANDINSTR
( 1 , FF$ , " .:" ) =0THEN4 60
450 GOTO470
460 PRINT "MUST INCLUDE EXTENSION
" : FORT=1TO1000 : NEXTT : GOTO 4 30
4 70 OPEN" D" , # 1 , FF$ : E=LOF ( 1 ) : CLOS
E#1:IFE=0THENPRINT"FILE NOT FOUN
D" t CLOSE#l : KILLFF$ : FORT=1TO1000 :
NEXTT : GOT04 3 0
480 OPEN"I",#l,FF$
490 FORQ=1024TO1535
500 IFEOF(1)THENGOTO520
510 INPUT#l,W:POKE Q,W
520 NEXTQ :CLOSE#l
530 F$=FF$:X=l:Y=l:GOTO120
540 POKE (1024+A6) , CP: K=0: RETURN
550 RESET (X, Y) : RETURN
560 CLS 'COMMAND SUMMARY
570 PRINT"
UP
ARROW
MOVE CURS
OR UP
DOWN
ARROW
MOVE CURS
OR DOWN
RT.
ARROW
MOVE CURS
OR RIGHT
LT.
ARROW
MOVE CURS
OR LEFT
•S'
SAVE PICT
URE
•L'
LOAD PICT
URE
•E'
ERASE AT
CURSOR"
580 PRINT"
LOCATION
<SPACE>
PUT DOT A
T CURSOR
'C
PROMPTS C
OLOR
CHANGE, H
IT 1-8
I'm i
TEXT MODE
, STARTS
ABOVE CUR
SOR HIT
<ENTER> T
0 LEAVE"
590 PRINT"
QUIT
600 INPUT"PRESS <ENTER> TO START
";T$:RUN
610 'CHANGE COLOR
620 I$=INKEY$ : IFI$=""THENGOTO620
630 D=VAL(I$) : IFD<10RD>8THENRETU
RN
640 C=D:GOTO120
650 'TEXT MODE
660 W=INT(Y/2) :Z=INT(X/2) :0=(W*3
2)+Z:0=0+l
670 IFO<1ORO>510THENRETURN
680 I$=INKEY$ : IFI$=""THENGOTO680
690 IFI$=CHR$ (13) THENRETURN
700 IFI$=CHR$(8)THENO=0-l:PRINT@
0," ";:GOTO680
710 PRINT@0,I$;: 0=0+1
720 GOTO670
730 FOR XX-1024 TO 1056
740 Z=PEEK(XX) :POKE 30000+XX,Z
750 NEXT XX
760 PRINT @0 , ""; : INPUT "FILENAME" ;
F$
770 IF LEN(F$)>8THENGOTO760
780 FOR XX=1024 TO 1056
790 Z=PEEK(30000+XX) :P0KE XX, Z
800 NEXT XX
810 RETURN
V Software <r
KEEP-TRAK' General Ledger Reg. $69.95— ONLY $24.95
"Doubl«-Entry" General Ledger Accounting System for home or business: 16k,
32k, 64k. User-friendly, menu-driven. Program features: balance sheet, Income &
expense statement {current & 'YTD'), journal, ledger, 899 accounts & 2350 entries
on 32k & 64k (71 0 accounts & entries on 1 6k) {disk only). Version 1 .2 has screen
printouts. Rainbow Reviews 1,1 - 9/84 : 1.2-4/85
"OMEGA FILE" Reg. $69.95 — ONLY $19.95
Filing data base. File any information with Omega File. Records can have up to 16
fields with 255 characters per field {4080 characters/record). Sort, match & print
any field. User friendly menu driven. Manual included (32k/64k disk only).
Rainbow Review 3/85, Hot CoCo 10/65
BOB S MAGIC GRAPHIC MACHINE
Can generate BASIC code to use in your programs. Easy drawing and manip-
ulation of circles, etipses, boxes, lines and ARCS. Single joystick operation with on
line HELPS at ail times. Allows text on the graphics screen & movement of objects
on the screen. Can be used as a stand-alone graphics editor. Instruction Manual.
GRAPHICS EDITO R.Reg. S39.95-ONLY $19.95 for disk or tape. 64k ECB.
Rainbow Review 7/85, Hot CoCo 9/85 "The graphic* bargain of the year"
'KEEP-TRAK' Accounts Receivable. {Avail. 10/01 /es).
Features: auto interest calculation, auto ageing of accounts, installment sales,
total due sales, explanation space as long as you need, detailed statements, 'KEEP-
TRAK' General Ledger tie in, account number checking, credit limit checking &
more. User friendly/menu driven. Includes manual. $39.95 or $49.95 General
Ledger & Accounts Receivables. (Disk Only).
'COCO WINDOWS' Available 10/31/85
With hi~res character display and window generator. Features an enhanced key
board (klicks) and 10 programmable function keys. Allows the user to create
multiple windows from basic. Includes menu driven printer setup and auto line
numbering. Four function calculator, with memory. The above options can be
called anytime while running .or writing in BASIC. APPLE PULL YOUR DRAPES,
YOU DON'T WANT TO SEE THIS. $19.95 (disk or tape) includes manual,
CALL TOLL FREE
1-800-942-9402
THE OTHER GUY'S SOFTware (Add $2.50 for postage A handling)
P.O. Boa H, 55 N. Main C.O.D., Money Order, Check In U.S. Funds
Logan, UT 84321 [MD 753-7620 fPlMM ip«:ily if JAM fcorvlrtrilw)
I
*
I
*
I
■
I
I
November 1986 THE RAINBOW 113
Checkers with a modem offers a new
twist for an old favorite
Long Distance Draughts
By Greg Miller and Erik Gavriluk
Each day more and more CoCo
users are becoming interested in
telecommunications and are pur-
chasing modems Lo explore this exciting
new world.
We are proud of our new program T
McCheekers^ which combines both
modem programming and some of the
graphics programming tricks we
learned while writing MvPaitu. We are
aJso very pleased to be able to share this
program wkh a larger audience than
was possible hcfore T thanks 10 THE
rainbow's support.
Greg M titer, !S r is a college freshman
mnjormgm electronic engineering. Erik
Gavriluk, I5 r is a high-school junior.
The Program
Mc Checkers is a machine language
checkers game two people play over the
modem. This means any two people
having this program and a modem can
p!ay n whether they live across town, or
across the country.
To make the file necessary to play
McL'hecker*\ you need lo use two pro-
grams. The first, shown in Listing U is-
a BASIC program that draws the graph-
ics checkerboard on which the game is
played. Type in and run this program.
After the display is generated, press any
key to save the graphics screen. Be sure
to save a copy of the Basic program as
well
Listing 2 is a basic program to gener-
ate the machine language checkers
THE RAINBOW 115
The Ultimate
Color Computer
Enhancements
for Productivity
from HJL Products I
To achieve maximum productivity with
your Color Computer, you have to make
it as easy as possible to get information
into and out of the system.
This is why we developed the HJL
family of high-performance
enhancements for ALL MODELS of the
Color Computer.
The Keyboard * $79.95
The overwhelming favorite of serious
Color Computer users worldwide, the
HJL-57 keyboard has the smooth,
consistent feel and reliability you need
for maximum speed with minimum
input errors. Includes 4 Function Keys
and sample function key program.
Installs in Just a few minutes with no
soldering.
The Numeric Keypad - $89.95
The Number Jack is a self-contained,
cable-connected keypad for heavy-duty
number-crunchers. Besides the number
keys, it has all the cursors, symbols
and math keys, Including autoshlfted
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Comes complete with 3-foot cable and
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The Monitor Adapter - $25.95
This universal driver works with all
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with soldered-in video chips). Here's
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with all the reliability you've come to
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The Monitor - $89.95
The GoldStar high-resolution amber
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you've used it you'll never connect your
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glare faceplate. (Requires adapter sold
below)
The BASIC Utility - $25.95
Quick Basic Plus, a high-performance
programming utility, can be used with
any color computer that has four func-
tion keys. 26 pre-defined BASIC
statements, 10 user-defined macros at
a time (you can save as many sets of
macros as you like), automatic line-
numbering, word wrap, global search,
and instant screen dump to printer,
make this software the BASIC pro-
grammer's dream come true. Comes
with re-legendable 3-way reference
chart Specify disk or cassette.
The HJL Warranty
Every HJL product comes with a full,
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Ordering Information; Specify model (Original, F-verslon, or CoCo 2 Model Number). Payment by C.O.D,, check,
MasterCard, or Visa. Credit card customers Include complete card number and expiration date. Add $2.00 for
shipping, 3.50 to Canada; except monitors (call for shipping charges before ordering monitors). New York state
residents add 7% sales tax. Dealer Inquiries Invited
PRODUCTS
Dlv. of Touchstone Technology Inc.
965 Buffalo Road • PA Box 24954
Rochester, New York 14624
1
Same. If you get the Checksum Error
message, check the data lines, because
it is likely that one or more of them
contain an error. Also be sure to save
a copy before you run the program; an
;rror in typing could crash the comput-
e-
After running Listing 2, save the
completed program on cassette by
typing CLDRDM "CHEKBORD " , & HB00
and press enter. Then type CSRVEM
"CHECKERS " , &HE00 , &H3300 , &H2600
and press enter. For disk, type LOfiDM
"CHEKBORD" and press ENTER. Then
type SftVEM"CHECKERS'\&HE00,&H
3300,&H2G00 and press ENTER.
How to Play
Load the game and type EXEC, You
will see a banner, along with the prompt
"Originate or Answer?" The person
using the answer mode on his modem
should use Answer; the other person
should use Originate. The person using
Originate goes first.
Next, you are put into the type mode,
where you can send commands to your
modem (if it responds to commands like
a Hayes Smartmodem). If you have not
already done so, you must now establish
carrier between you and your opponent.
Press break to begin the game.
Both players move the white pieces
on the bottom of the board. The pro-
gram automatically displays the other
player's pieces as black.
McCheckers is a complete implemen-
tation of checkers; the usual rules apply.
Here's a brief overview:
• Pieces only move diagonally for-
ward. A piece may be moved backward
only if it is a king. A piece becomes a
king when it reaches the last row of the
opposing player (the top row on the
screen).
• A piece must "jump" if at all possible.
(This is an official rule of checkers, but
is most often ignored in casual play.)
• The game ends when one player has
captured all his opponent's pieces, or
when a player has no possible move. If
a player has no possible move, then the
other player wins.
To move a piece, point the arrow to
the piece you want to move, and then
to the destination square. If you make
an illegal move, you are told so. You can
only move a piece when the arrow
appears on the screen. If the arrow does
not appear on your screen, it means that
the other player is in the process of
moving. You must wait for the arrow to
appear before you can move. When it
is your turn (the arrow appears on the
screen), you may send a short message
to the other player by pressing CLEAR
and then typing your message. Mes-
sages are displayed on the top line of the
screen. If you receive a message, press
the joystick button after reading the
message; the other player will not be
able to continue his turn until after you
have done so.
At the end . of a game each player is
notified as to whether he won or not,
and is again put into the type mode,
where pressing BREAK begins a new
game.
(Questions about this program may
be directed to the authors at 3101 Link
Road #32, Lynchburg, VA 24503.
Please enclose an SASEfor a reply Jd
240 .
490 .
590 .
END
.242
.207
.128
.155
Listing 1: MCDRAW
1 1 BASIC PROGRAM TO DRAW
2 ' CHECKERBOARD FOR McCheckers
3 '
10 PMODE 4,1: PCLS1 : SCREEN 1,1
20 DIM B(500) , B2 (500)
30 FOR Y=0 TO 30 STEP 6
40 LINE (0 , Y) - (255 , Y) , PRESET
50 LINE (0 , Y+l) - (255 , Y+l) /PRESET
60 NEXT Y
70 X1=58:Y1=45:X2=195:Y2=180
80 LINE(X1,Y1)-(X2,Y2) , PRESETy B
90 LINE ( X1+ 1 , Yl+1 )-( X2 -1,Y2-1 ) , P
RESET, B .
LINE (62, 48) - ( 191 ,17 7 ) , PRESET
GET (0,40) -(13,53) ,B
FOR X=64 TO 190 STEP 32
FOR Y=50 TO 160 STEP 32
(X,Y) - (X+13,Y+13) ,B,PSET
100
,BF
110
120
130
140 PUT
150 NEXT Y,X
160 FOR X=80 TO 176 STEP 32
170 FOR Y=66 TO 176 STEP 32
180 PUT(X,Y)-(X+13,Y+13) ,B,PSET
190 NEXT Y,X
200 FOR Y=32 TO 44
210 IF Y/2=INT(Y/2) THEN A=204 E
LSE A=51
220 LC=&HE00+Y*32
230 FOR T=0 TO 3 1 : POKE LC+T,A:NE
XT »***<y>
240 NEXT Y
250 GET (0,33) -(255,44) ,B
260 PUT (0 , 18 1) -(255, 192) ,B
270 GET (0,32) -(57,44) ,B,G
280 GET (196, 32) -(255,44) , B2 , G
290 FOR Y=32 TO 180 STEP 12
300 PUT(0,Y)-(57,Y+12) ,B,PSET
310 PUT(196,Y)-(255,Y+12) ,B2,PSE
T
320 NEXT Y
330 FOR Y=4 TO 2 6
340 LC=&HE00+Y*32
350 FOR A=7 TO 24
360 READ B:POKE LC+A , B : NEXT A
370 NEXT Y
380 A$=INKEY$ : IF A$="" THEN 380
390 CLS : PRINT" SAVING. .. "
440 A=PEEK(&HC000)
450 IF A=68 THEN SAVEM" CHEKBORD"
, &HE00 , &H25FF , &HA027 : END
460 CSAVEM"CHEKBOARD" , &H600 , &H1D
FF, &HA027 :END
470 DATA 255,252,15,255,255,192,
24,31,255,255, 255,2 55,255,255,25
5,255,255,255 >M
480 DATA 255,249,136,31,255,31,3
November 1986 THE RAINBOW 117
255,255 ,255, 1 2 , 2 2 2 , 1 2 , 3 2 , 10 8 , 1 3 , 22 4 , 9 6 ,231, 1
DATA 255 , 243 ,131,31,254 ,113 ,
,31, 255, 255 , 255 ,192, 255, 255, 2
• jr.?''- •
DATA 254,97,134,97,6,63,222,
,240,12,32,120,31,0,97,224, 120
, 2 5 5 , 2 55
255,2**/ ,
198,31,255, 255, 255,216,255 , 255,2
§ 255 b 255
DATA 254,193,134,99,246/31,2
, 12, 192, 12, 126,240,12, j3, 97,
, 63 . iSl^^^^lllSSiSi:
DATA 254,192,12,99,243,28,28 it
24,192,44, 12 6, 2 16, 76, 2, 99
, 255 ,255,255, 152 , 255 , 2 55 ,2 / t
,255 S&3SS&tS-K : # 63
,237,155, 24, 3,0,204 , 630 DATA 252 , 192,12, 98,3, 1, 156,2 x
63, 192 ,15,0,176,252,0,3, 255 , 255,
- m.
,155,3,195,5,
t , 6 ,
, 12 ,j3, 195, 224, 6, 6
#,159,132,
y"'"<.'j'.'^—>'' '■; J?M
540 DATA 255 ,217,179, 14,102, 12 , 1
2,240,
2 , 252 , 63
DATA 2 55 ,153 , 179 ,24 , 54 ,2 8,
,96,99,6,48,6,6,60,99,134,
DATA 255 , 177,227,48,54,28,27
,96,102,6,96,198,6,56,6,6,63
DATA 255,49,230,48,102,63,21
9,12,
,24 , 198 , 12 , 12 ,
^ , 2 3 «4iv'
4,24,192,
6,6,63 aiiiWISSisiS
DATA 253,135,236,49,128,126,
,48,99,
/
">:;> : cv*
* 9 &
580 DATA 255,97,198,96,6,63,222,
12 , 195 , 140 ,0 , 103 , 12 ,56,48, 12 , 0 , 6
j^i^. It^ l .>■:l*f;. : ■■; !^.^-^<;sf%>s^s^*' ^^.^■„^^^-"£=":". , '-.\;- ■•- : jvi^. 1 ^x.fat*^." "s™ = .* .■'V s
590 DATA 255,97,198,97,6,63,222,
,195,6,56,195,231
DATA 253,135,224,31,0,0,24,
8 , 62 , 3 , 224 , 193 , 131, 224 , 199 , 225,2
DATA 252,15,224,0,4,0,0,128, ||*
,0,0,0,0,0,7,224,0,63 ||i
680 DATA 252,15,224,0,15,0,0,129
,0,0,0,0,0,0,7,240,0
DATA 252,15,255
,128,56,2,4,8,2,7,252,0,25
. ; -:;-;;.;..-:"'--;.;iv .. .
'I 'I " "."
• 9 « * * ■
■X:V..
a?
•' •"•H^i'-^i'i '"^T^VS
. * . * ♦ » iyv
dA 010 lit
, . ij . . ,13? 223 . . 8
212 .86 EN D . * . ♦ , * 85
» ' . ' ! ' .. ... ..... . . . . "" I "'""
Listing 2: MCLDRD
BASIC loader for McCheckers \
» Mi*
P "A'*,;^:■< / f^""i■•. , :
3 GOTO lj3
4 GOTO 20
10 CLEAR 1000 : PCLEAR 8: GOTO 4
20 CLS:AD=&H2600
FOR T=29 TO 1 STEP -1
PRINT T;
READ A$
60 Z $*LEFT$ (A$,2) : A$=MID$ (A$, 3 )
70 V=VAL ( " &H"+Z $ ) : CK=CK+V
POKE AD,V
AD=AD+1:IF A$<>»" THEN 60
NEXT T
110 PRINT : PRINT
120 IF CK<>285767 THEN PRINT "CHE
CKSUM ERROR" ELSE PRINT "DATA COR
CFD2C14C10826E5BD
DATA 2B1A8E290FC60C3404EC81F
!8
OX
' ' ' .•
202 DATA CC0707B0315FF03160FD2C1
■ Si
/ tie
'. *>■ ■ '(I. '
II I*
118
THE RAINBOW November 1 986
ECC8E2765BF2ECA8E
203 DATA 2DF1BF2FBC7E2EDD39FC2FB
AFD2C14BD29927D2C121J32B/3645FC2C1
2 FD2 CI 4 FD2 Cj3DFD2 C0 7 BD2 9 C7 A6 8 4 10 2
7j36342BC381j311j327j363081j331j327062
AB72C0FBF2C1J38E27A7BF2ECA7E2EDDF
C2FBAFD2C14BD29927D2C121J32BJ3603B
E2C12BF2C14BF2CJ3BBD29C7A684 10260
5FDFC2C07FD2C14BD
204 DATA 29C75FA68481042702C6FFF
72Cj327F2Cj3386FFB72Cj39B72Cj3AB62Cj3
7B02C0B4D2A014081J31276F81021J3220
5BDB62C08B02C0C4D2A0140810210220
5 ADB6 2 C0 7 B0 2 C0 BF6 2 C0 8 F0 2 CJ3 C2 AJ3 8 7
D2C0227J337E2DCA34J3686016DE42A028
6FFC6J316D612A02C6FFEDE4B62CJ37AJZIE
0B72C14F62CJ38E0E0
2 0 5 DATA F72C15BD29C7A6848103270
68101102 60564 6F84BD297FBE2C14BF2
C0 9 8 6FFB7 2 C0 3BD2 9D5 2 607 7 D2 C0 3 102
7055CB62C08B02C0C2A15FC2C07FD2C1
4BD29C7A6848101270681021023053BF
C2C0B5D2616FC2C07FD2C14BD29C7A68
4810324028B02A784B72C0FBE2C0BBF2
C14BE2C106F84BD29
206 DATA C7B62C0FA7S44ABD295CFC2
C0DFD2C14BD297F7F290B7D2C032717F
C2C0BFD2C14CC0707FD2C04BD29EB260
673 2 C067 3 2 90BBE2C07BF2905BE2 C0BB
F290 7BE2 C09 BF29098E290 5C607BD2FC
B3900000000000000000000010003000
50007000001020104010601010203020
50207020005020504
2 01 DATA 05060501060306050607060
001 '0201 '0401 '0601 , 8E1468F62C14583AB
62C1527B8308902004A26F9392E82 2E6
A2EB22E9A347634028DDD108E2954A6E
04810AEA6C60C3404ECA1ED843088206
AE426F5326135F634768DBC4FC60CA78
4 A70 1 30 8 8 2 0 5 A2 6F635F6FC2 C1481402
52581C02421C13325
208 DATA 1DC1AF2 419804000 3 344444
4 4 4B7 2 C 12 4 FC 1 102 50 5C0 104 C20 F7 B7 2
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To order, just fill out the form on the
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THE RAINBOW
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November 1 986 THE RAINBOW 119
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120 THE RAINBOW November 1 986
C1339 86FFB7 2 C 1 2B72C 1 3 39 F62C15585
8 5 8FB2C 1 4 8 E2 BBD3 A3 9 8 E0000 BF2 C0 4 8
60 2 B72C008604B72C01BD2B415D2 6 2BB
D29C7A68 48 1032 51086FFC 6018D2C261
D8601C6018D2426158601C6 FF8D1C2 60
08 6FFC6FF8D142 6J05
209 DATA 20CF1CFB391A04393 510BF2
C141A04390000FD2A24BE2C14 3 4 10 ABE
48107 22E8B72C14EB61C10722 DFF7 2 CI
5 BD 2 9 C 7 A 68 48 10 1 2 7J0 4 8 10 3 2 6CF86027
D2A2 4 2A0286FEC6027D2A252A02C6FEA
BE 4 EB618 1072 2B5C10722B1 FD2 C 14BD2
9 C7A6 84102 6FFA5 3510BF2C141CFB39C
C00003406ECE4FD2C
2 10 DATA 14BD29C7A684B12C00271BB
12C012 716ECE44C81082 50B4 F5CC10 8 2
5053262 1A0439EDE420D632621CFB39C
C0000FD2C04BD2B415D2658BD2 9C7FC2
C14FD2BFEA684B72BFD8102271A7A2C1
47C2C1 5BD2 9 C7A6 8 427 367C2 C147 C2 CI
4BD29C7A6842729B62BFD81012720FC2
BFEFD2C147A2C147A
211 DATA 2C15BD29C7A684270F7C2C1
4 7C2C14BD2 9C7A6842 70220A51CFB3 9 1
A0439B7FFC0B7FFC3B7FFC586FFB7FF2
28E0E0034108EFFC686061F89686169E
459A7854A2AF4326239FC2C04FD2C144
C8108 2607 4F5CC 10 82 60 1 3 9 FD2 C0 4BD2
9C7A68427E481FF27E0B12C002705B12
C012 6D65F39AD9FA0
.212 DATA 00270781032705BD309E20F
139FF01FF01FF01FF0101FF01FF01FF0
1FFFF01FF01FF01FF0100FF00FF00FF0
0FFFF00FF00FF00FF0002FF02FF02FF0
2 FFFF0 2FF02 FF0 2FF0202FF02FF02FF0
2FF00000000000000 00 000 0000000000
00000000 00000 00000 00000000 000000
00000000000000000
213 DATA 000 0 0 00000000 000 0 0 00000
00000000000000000000000000000000
000000000000 00000000000000000000
00000000000000020202020202020202
04D63 43686 5636B6 572 7 32031 2 E 300D0
D42792047 72656720 4D6 96C6C657220 6
16E64204572696B2047617672696C756
B0D3C4F3E72696769
214 DATA 6E617465206F72203C413E6
E7377 65 7 2 3 F20000D20202 0 202 0202 02
020202D54595045204D4F44452D0D202
02020205052455353203C425245414B3
E20544 F204 24547494E0D00202020 202
02D2D594F552057494E2054 4 84 9 5 3204
7414D452D2D0D008E2C9EBD2CEA7E262
620202020202D2D59
21 5 DATA 4F55204C4F5 345205 448495
32047414D4 52D2D0D008E2CC3BD2CEA7
E262 63410BDA9288E05009F883510BDB
99C39606060606060606060604 94E564
14 C 4 9 4 4 604 D4F5645 606 0606 0606060 6
060606060606060606060604E4F60504
9454 3 456054484552456060606060606
06060606060606054
216 DATA 484154604953604E4F54605
94F55526050494543456060606060606
06060606043414E6754604D4F5645605
44F60544845524560606060606060604
F4E4C59604B494E4753 6043414E604D4
F5645604241434B5741524453 6060605
94F55604841564560416056414C49446
04A554D5060544F60
217 DATA 4D414B4560608E2CFA108E2
D1A108E2D3A108E2D5A108E2D7A108E2
D9ABD325D7E274F454E544552204D534
72C203332204348415253204D41582E0
D00B6FF00854027F9BDA9288E2DD6BDB
99CBDA3908E02DDC6217F02FEBD2FCBB
D2B1A7D31582AFB7F3158B6315D81062
6F17E2EDD007F2E24
218 DATA 8E315DC6207D2E242604A68
426078660B72E2420128160250480602
00A81402406812025028B40A7805A2 6D
98E315DBD325D8606B702DD8E02DDC60
2BD2FCB7E26A803001FE03FF03FF07FF
87FF87FF87FF83FF03FF01FE00300030
01FE030302010601840084008 6018201
030301FE003000300
219 DATA 1FE03FF03CF078787338733
878783CF03FF01FE0030003001FE0303
0231067984CC84CC86798231030301FE
00 3 0000000000 BE 2 F 2 2 BD2 F4 7 BD2 FBE 2
7FB6E9F2ECABD2FA3BD2F24BF2F22BD2
F61BD2FBE27E086FDB7FF02B6FF00844
02607BD2F476E9F2FBCBD2FA3BD2F24B
C2F2227DD3410BE2F
220 DATA 22BD2F47AD9F2ECC3510BF2
F22BD2F6120C70000F62FBBC1B62505C
6B6F72FBB8E0E00F62FBA5454543AF62
FBB2601393088205A26F739C609108E2
F58A6A0A7843088205A2 6F6390000000
00000000000108E2F913410C609CE2F5
8A684A7C0A6A0A484A7843088205A2 6F
03510108E2F9AC609
221 DATA A6A0A884A7843088205A26F
4399F8F878381838180F060504844424
452790FAD9FA00AB6015AC6043DF72FB
AB6015BC6033DF72FBB3900000000B6F
F008401398E30C7BF010D3934771A501
08E304E10BF31598600B7FF20B6FF228
50126F98602B7FF20B6FF22850127F91
08E00003414A68031
222 DATA A65A26F93420C63C5A26FDA
662BD309EE662AE63A680BD309E5A2 6F
8A6E4BD309EA661BD309E8602B7FF20C
60AF73155BD3055C602F73155B731568
1151027FFC532653577B631568106102
6FF855F5A26FDBD309E39326535777E2
FCB34751A508608B73157F631558E000
0B6FF2244240F301F
223 DATA 26F65A26F3357532626E9F3
1595F8D168D10B6FF2244567A31572 6F
41F988D0235F58D008D003402B6315C2
1FE4A2 6FB358234771A5034024FB7FF2
08DE4C60864E425024F8C8602B7FF208
DD55A26F032 618602B7FF208DC935F7B
6FF02B6FF224424013B8E314DBF31598
600B7FF20B6FF2244
224 DATA 24FA8602B7FF20BD3055B73
15B1F898E315DBD3055A7805A2 6F8860
2B7FF20BD3055B73156BD3055F631561
E89FD31538E315DF6315B108E0000A68
031A65A26F910BC3153261F8606BD309
EC605F73155BD3055C602F731557F315
88106260D86FFB731583B8615BD309E2
09A8602B7FF203B00
225 DATA 00020000000000005900000
00000000000000000000000000000000
00000000000000000000000000000000
00000000000000000000000000000000
00000000000000000000000000000000
00000000000000000000000000000000
00000000000000000000000000000000
00000000000000000
226 DATA 00000000000000000000000
00000000000000000000000000000000
00000000000000000000000000000000
00000000000000000000000000000000
00000000000000000000000000000000
00000000000000000000000000000000
000000000000000000 0000 000 0 00 000 0
00000000000000000
227 DATA 00000000000000000000000
00000000000000000000000000000000
00000000000B6FF00850127F98636B7F
F03B7FF01B7FFC3B7FFC586FFB7FF22B
D32938634B7FF014CB7FF03B6FF02B6F
F001CAFB6FF00850127F939C620108E0
E00A680A7A05A26F91A50B6FF0084012
60BC6208E0E006F80
228 DATA 5A26FB39B6FF027DFF032AF
BB7FFC2B7FFC47FFF22C631B6FF007DF
F012AFB34763576125A26F0B7FFC3B7F
FC586FFB7FF227E32A2FF00002 600
November 1986 THE RAINBOW 121
WE'RE BRINGING THE COCO
RAINBOW'S
BROADENING ITS
SPECTRUM
the rainbow and the Delphi Infor-
mation Utility have joined together
to allow CoCo owners all over the
world to connect with one another!
Delphi is a full-service information
utility. It offers everything from up-
to-the-minute news stories from The
Associated Press to electronic mail
services. But, best of all, it now has
a special forum for Color Computer
owners, and if s operated by the
people who bring you the rainbow
each month.
The CoCo Special Interest Group
(SIG) features a variety of services,
including an open forum where you
can send and receive messages
from Color Computer owners all
over the world. It also has several
databases to which you can upload
your favorite programs and from
which you can download programs
written by other CoCo enthusiasts.
Some of these databases are basic
programming, OS-9 and home ap-
plications.
When setting up your account with
Delphi, if you do not have a credit
card or prefer not to use it, Delphi
requires that you send $20 to give
your account a positive balance. This
will be refunded after your first free
hour if you choose to no longer use
the system or it will be applied to
future connect charges. If you do hot
maintain a positive balance, you will
be charged $3.50 each month for
direct billing.
PEEK INTO THE
RAINBOW
The CoCo SIG's conference feature
allows you to meet electronically
with other members of the CoCo
Community. You can join conferen-
ces with notables such as Dale
Puckett, Cray Augsburg, Marty
Goodman, Don Hutchison, Jim
Reed, Lonnie Falk and others —
on a regular basis. Conference •
schedules will appear in the rain-
bow each month. Be sure to check
online announcements for changes
and additions.
THE OTHER SIDE
OF THE RAINBOW
On Delphi, you also are able to buy
rainbow on tape — order a whole
set, or download an individual pro-
gram immediately. You can also
renew your rainbow subscription,
make a fast and easy order for soft-
ware or hardware from a multitude
of vendors, or inquire about prod-
ucts on the CoCo SIG.
We also have a number of programs
that you can download and use, just
for the cost of the time you spend
transferring them. There'll also be
corrections for rainbow articles,
helpful hints and many other useful
features.
FREE LIFETIME
MEMBERSHIP
the rainbow is offering subscribers
a free lifetime subscription to Delphi
— a $24.95 value — and a free hour
of connect time — a $7.20 value at
either 300, 1200 or 2400 Baud — so
you can sample Delphi and the rain-
bow CoCo SIG. That's right. Your
subscription to the rainbow entitles
you to this $32.15 value as a free
bonus!
If you're not a rainbow subscriber,
just enter your order when you sign
on with Delphi and you'll get the
same great deal! For our $31 sub-
scription fee, you'll get the finest
Color Computer magazine ever, a
free lifetime subscription to Delphi
and a free hour of connect time.
SAVE EVEN MORE
Want to save even more? While
you're online you can order, for only
$29.95, a deluxe package which in-
cludes the Delphi membership, the
Delphi Handbook and Command
Card ($21 .95) and a total of three
hours of connect time ($21.60).
Delphi provides us all with Imme-
diate CoCo Community. Check it
out today. After all, you can sample
it for free!
Problems? Call Delphi:
(800) 544-4005
(617) 491-3393
DELPH I
TYPE:
GROUP COCO
COMMUNITY TOGETHER
How to reach RAINBOW'S Color Computer SIG . . .
There are several ways to connect to Delphi and the
rainbow's CoCo SIG. In most cities you will not even have
to pay long distance charges; you can use special data
communications networks like Uninet, Tymnet and the
Canadian Datapac network.
First, set your terminal program to operate at either 300
or 1200 Baud (depending on the modem you have), and
, also select either 1 bits with even parity or 8 bits with no
parity, and one stop bit. (If one combination doesn't work,
try another.)
Decide which network you should use. There is no
surcharge for Uninet or Tymnet. Canadian residents using
Datapac will be charged an additional $12 (U.S.) per hour.
On Uninet: Call (800) 821-5340 to get the Uninet number
for your area. After you call the appropriate number for
your own area and make connection, youH see a prompt
of "L?" Press enter, the period key (.) and enter again.
At the "service:'* prompt, type GVC (for General Videotex
Corporation) and enter.
On Tymnet: Call (800) 336-0149 to get the Tymnet
number for your area. After you dial your designated
number and connect, you will see either "garbage" or a
message saying "please type your terminal identifier." At
this point, even if the screen is garbled, simply press 4 A\
When "please log in:" appears, type DELPHI and press
enter.
From Canada (on Datapac): Call Delphi Customer
Service at (617) 491-3393 to get the Datapac number for
your area. After you connect, press the period key (.) and
enter (use two periods if you're using 1200 Baud). Type
SET 2:1, 3:126 and press ENTER. Now type p 1 3106,
DELPHI ; and press enter. Delphi's new rates indicate an
additional $12 hourly surcharge for evening use of
Datapac, which means a total of $18 (U.S.) for connect
time.
From other countries: Many countries have their own
data networks that can connect to either Uninet or Tymnet.
Check with the telephone authorities in your country for
details on how to sign up for this service. When you have
an account set up, you can reach Delphi with a "host code"
of 312561703088 through Uninet, or 310600601500
through Tymnet. (YouH have to pay the toll charges for
this connection.)
Type in Your Usernamc
If you're already a subscriber to THE rainbow, at the
"USERNAME:" prompt, type RRINBOWSUB and press
enter. At the "PASSWORD:" prompt, type your individ-
ual subscription number from the mailing label of your
latest issue of the rainbow. (If there are one or more zeros
at the beginning of this number, include them.)
If you don't already have a subscription, at the "USER-
NAME:" prompt, type RfllNBOWORDER and press ENTER,
At the "PASSWORD:" prompt, type SENDSUB and press
enter. Have your MasterCard, VISA or American
Express card ready, because youll be led through a series
of questions that will enable us to put your RAINBOW and
Delphi subscriptions into effect. In an effort to hold down
non-editorial costs, we do not bill for subscriptions.
If you make a typing error, just press ENTER and start
over. Remember that at any point, when you're on Delphi,
you can type HELP to get help on how to use the system.
To get off the system just type BYE.
If you find that you're unable to log on to Delphi and
enter the CoCo SIG after following these instructions, call
us during afternoon business hours at (502) 228-4492. Well
be glad to offer assistance.
Come Visit Us! Type: GROUP COCO
After you sign in, you'll be prompted to set up your own,
personal "user name" — Delphi is a friendly service, no
numbers to remember — and youll be asked a number
of questions so Delphi can set up your account. Youll also
be assigned a temporary password. No time is assessed
against your free hour of service while you answer these
questions.
Delphi will tell you that your account will be ready after
6 p.m. the same day if you sign up before noon (Eastern
time zone.) If not, your account will be ready at 6 p.m.
the next day. Once an account is opened, each RAINBOW
subscriber will be credited with an hour of free time!
When you log back in, use your chosen username and
your temporary password to access the system. At that
point, you will meet Max, who will help you configure
things and will change your temporary password into
your own persona! password. This is the password you
will use for subsequent sessions — or until you change it.
After Max bids you goodbye, youll wind up at the
Delphi Main Menu; type in GROUP COCO and join us on
the CoCo SIG!
More than a book . . .
A MILESTONE
GUIDE TO
t modules of
1 1-^
□ Please send me The
Complete Rainbow Guide To
OS-9 for $19.95.*
Name
□ Please send me The Rainbow
Guide To OS-9 Disk (a
package of two disks) for
$31.* Does not include book.
Signature
Address
City
State
ZIP.
□ My check in the amount of
is enclosed.
VISA*
MasterCard)
I EXPRESS
.Card Expiration Date
□ VISA □ MasterCard □ American Express
Account Number
Mail to:
The Complete Rainbow Guide to OS-9, The Falsoft Building, P.O. Box 385, Prospect, KY 40059
To order by phone (credit card orders only) call 800-847-0309, 8 a.m. to 5 p.m. EST.
H For other inquiries call 502-228-4492.
*Add $1.50 per book shipping and handling in U.S. Outside U.S. add $4 per book. Allow 6-8 weeks for delivery. KY residents
add 5% sales tax. In order to hold down costs, we do not bill. ALL ORDERS IN U.S. FUNDS.
OS-9 is a trademark of Microware Systems Corporation.
CROSSWORD CONTEST WINNER
And the winner is Dick McGrath
of Montreal, Quebec! Dick's entry in
our Crossword Creator Contest was
clever enough to win the judges
over. For this winning acrostic, Dick
will receive $25.
Sharpen your pencils and put on
your thinking caps. For your
entertainment we present Dick's
puzzle and his tricky clues.
Good Luck!
By Dick McGrath
1 c
2 r
3
U
4 s\
A
5
£
L
£
c
2 n
E
T
26
27
28
34
37
41
45
51
52
53
58
62
>
65
|10
11
12
13
16
19
H
56
E
57
6JU-
T
0
64-
N
D
hp
Y
N
Across
<k CoCo "hearts"
5. "First" competitors?
10. His CoCo is in the tent
4* 2, 8, or 10
15. Business language
16. Desk
+7: CoCo power (abbr.)
18. Use<CLEAR>
19. Early memory core material
Reset pointer
22. Characteristic
2*. Logical operators
25. Reverse rocket
26. Modem type
29r A cat, dog or CoCo
30. Disk divisions
34. Teaching acronym
35. Decimal base
36. Time shares
37. Whole number (abbr.)
OS. Handles
40. Confederate States of America
41. 7" alternative
4& String location
44. Dock
45. Palm leaf
46. Pac people
47. Yiddish Sarah (fam.)
48. Greek isle
50. Not Garfield, but
51. Warranted
54. Indicated in the stack
58. Elite or VIP
59. Motor or on
61 . OZ pooch
62. General assistant
63. Fore & aft rigged craft
64. Slaughter
65. Triple helices
66. Avid CoCo age group
67. "Work force"
Down
Pre-CoCo hacker
-2? Programmer's complexion
3t Employs
Ar Parts of 30 across
5. Maples (species)
6. If not B or C try
7. Father, in Syria
8. Semi-conductor type
9. Freezing rain
10. Start anywhere (OS-9)
11. Oriental CoCo transport
12. near
13. Louis' queen
-in-. Table scrap
23. Greek guardian
25: Changes title
26. Search a cassette
27. Mr. Dig
28. blast
29r. pal
31. Cast of characters
32. Snooted
33. Error trap?
35. Youngster
3& Flashy diode
3Sr Ma Bell connection
-39-. Sloe fizz
42. Back pages, usually
44. Colored an area
46. Component combination
47. Reagan's initiative
49. One of the significant bytes
50. Graphicom "gooof" fixer
51. Our own design aid (init.)
52. Reclined
53. "Dr." Alan
54. Pi-meson
-55. Mr. "Turn of the Screw"
56. English school
57. Measured amount
60. Bambi's mom
November 1 966 THE RAINBOW 1 25
MODIFICATION
1 32K
1 Disk |
the
Keycad/Keyflow:
CoCocad and CoCoflow Modification
By James Ventling
This is a modification for those
who don't always have a joystick
or mouse handy to use with
either the CoCocad (Oct. '85) or the
CoCoflow (Mar. '86) programs. I
wanted to use CoCoflow with some of
my students but didn't have joysticks to
go around. Instead, I changed the
program to accept keyboard input. In
place of the joystick, the arrow keys are
used for cursor movement. The arrow
keys may be held down for continuous
movement or, for faster movement,
hold the \P key (for jump) while using
the arrows. The CLEAR key is used in
place of the firebutton. When making a
selection from the icons at the top of the
screen, be sure to press the down arrow
key until the cursor reappears or the
option may de-select before you have a
chance to use it.
While using CoCoflow, we found
that the symbols for decision and con-
nection were too small to place text
information in. I made a further mod-
ification to increase the size of these
shapes. We also dicovered that a screen-
print utility could be added to CoCo-
flow due to its smaller memory require-
James Ventling lives in Xenia, Ohio and
teaches computers and art. He has two
daughters and has been programming
since 1981.
ments. In the original CoCocad and
CoCoflow, to do a screen-print you had
to dump all nine screens to disk and
then use a separate screen print pro-
gram. This used 28 grans of disk space!
By adding a screen-print routine to the
end of CoCoflow, you can print directly
from memory.
Lines 20 through 30 replace the joy-
stick input with keyboard input. PEEK
is used to read the keyboard so you can
tell if a key is being held down. The
keyboard table is cleared in Line 20 so
you can tell when a key has been re-
leased. Then the program looks to see
if the T key, any of the arrow keys, or
the CLEAR key is being pressed.
Variables "XX" and "YY" are used to
simulate a joystick input. The variables
'X' and 'Y' are not incremented directly
because these variables are also used in
some subroutines and could be changed
when you least want it. Lines 29 and 30
check to make sure 'X' and *Y' don't go
out of bounds.
Line 121 starts the cursor at a conven-
ient location at the top of the screen
near the icon selection. You also have
to keep the use of the clear key from
being misinterpreted as a keystroke
when placing text on the screen. Chang-
ing Line 550 so as to ignore the CLEAR
key takes care of this.
To change the size of the decision and
connect symbols in CoCoflow, you
must change lines 120, 910 and 930. Ir
Line 120, array sizes are increased tc
accommodate the larger symbols. The
new DRAM strings and GET-PUT sizes foi
the larger symbols are in lines 910 and
930.
To add a screen-print routine tc
CoCoflow, first eliminate the screen
dump in lines 1970 and 1980. Keep the
page-display routine in Line 1980 and
add you own screen-print routine start-
ing at Line 2000. I have included a
simple BASIC screen-print routine for
the C-ITOH Prowriter.
Many thanks to Peter Kerckhoff for
creating the original CoCocad and to
Dennis Page for the CoCoflow modifi-
cation. Remember to give credit to
CoCocad or CoCoflow if you publish
any graphics created with these pro-
grams.
To make the modification for key-
board input, load Cococad or Cocoflow
and type in Listing 1.
To make the modification for larger
decision and connection symbols in
CoCoflow type in Listing 2.
To add a screen-print routine, change
lines 1970, 1980 and 1990. Add the
screen-print routine at Line 2000. Don't
forget Line 3000.
(You may direct your questions to the
author at 2400 Cornwall Drive, Xenia,
OH 45385, 513-376-2074. Please en-
close an SASE when writing.)
126
THE RAINBOW November 1 986
Editor's Note: The following program listings will be
saved in ASCII on this month's rainbow on disk to
facilitate merging with the original CoCocad and
CoCoflow programs. To use from RAINBOW on tape,
you will first need to save the files to disk in ASCII
format, then use the MERGE command. To use MERGE,
load in the original CoCocad or CoCoflow listing and
type MERGE "f ilenamB". The filename refers to the
ASCII save of either CoCoMODl, CoCoMOD2 or
CoCoMOD3, depending on which modification is
being used.
Listing 1: CDC0M0D1
20 FORQZ=339T0344:POKEQZ,255:NEX
T:JK=PEEK(340)
21 I FPEEK ( 3 4 1 ) = 2 4 7 THEN Y Y= Y Y - 1 : 1 F
JK=253THENYY=YY-7
22 IFPEEK ( 3 4 2 ) =2 4 7 THEN Y Y= Y Y+ 1 : 1 F
Y Y< 7 THENY Y=Y Y+ 1 2 ELSE I F JK=2 5 3 THEN
YY=YY+7
23 IFPEEK(343)=247THENXX=XX-1:IF
YY< 6THENXX=XX-1ELSEI F JK=2 5 3 THENX
X=XX-7
24 IFPEEK(344)=247THENXX=XX+1:IF
YY<6THENXX=XX+1ELSEIFJK=253THENX
X=XX+7
25 IFPEEK (339) =19 lTHENP=3ELSEP=p
29 X=XX*4:IFX<3THENX=3:XX=1:ELSE
IFX>252THENX=252 : XX=63
30 Y=YY*4 : IFY<3THENY=3 : YY=1 : ELSE
IFY>188THENY=188 : YY=47
121 XX=16:YY=9
550 GOSUB60:A$=INKEY$:GOSUB70:IF
A$=»"THEN550ELSEIFASC(A$)=12THEN
550 ELSEPLAYB$ : IFA$=CHR$ ( 13 ) THEN
POKEAD(PG) ,255: AD(PG)=AD(PG)+1:
POKEAD(PG) , 0:GOSUB110: GOTO520
Listing 2: C0C0M0D2
12)3 DIM C$(3) ,A(8) ,AD(8),C1(1) ,C
2(1) ,C3(1), Ll(6) ,L2 (6) ,L3 (6) ,L4
(6) ,CM(45) ,CO(45) ,MD(255) , MO(25
5) :B$="V31L10J3O4B":NF$="NONE"
910 DRAW" BD16M+2 4,-1 6M+ 2 4 , + 1 6M- 2
4 , + 1 6M- 2 4 , -16":XW=4 8 : YW=33: RETUR
N: 'DECISION
930 DRAW" BD9U3 EUE 3 RER3 FRF3 DFD3 GD
G3LGL3HLH3UHU2 " : XW=17 : YW=17 : RETU
RN: 'CONN
Listing 3: C0C0M0D3
1970 •
1980 FOR PG=0 TO 8 : PMODE4 , 1 : SCRE
EN1 , 1 : COLOR0 , 1 : PCLS : GOSUB1790
1990 '
2000 'PUT YOUR SCREEN PRINT ROUT
INE HERE
2010 CLS: PRINT" GRAPHICS PRINT-OU
T FOR
PROWRITER" : INPUT "READY PRINTER" ;
QQ
2020 PRINT :PRINT"WHAT SIZE PRINT
-OUT?" : INPUT" 1 OR 2»;NN:IFNN<1 0
R NN>2THEN2020
2050 PRINT #-2 , CHR$ (27) CHR$ (84) "1
6 " ; : PMODE4 , 1 : SCREEN1 , 1
2060 A1=3:A2=12:A3=48:A4=192:Z5=
0:ONNN GOTO2180,2210
2 180 FORY5=0TO190STEP8 : PRINT#-2 ,
CHR$(27)CHR$(83) "0256"; :FORX5=0T
0255 : P5=Z5 : FORYY=0TO7
2190 IFPPOINT (X5 , Y5+YY) <1THENP5=
P5+2yY
2200 NEXTYY : PRINT # -2 , CHR$ ( P5 ) ; :N
EXT : PRINT#-2, CHR$ (13 ) ? : NEXT : GOTO
3000
2210 FORY5=0TO188STEP4:PRINT#-2,
CHR$(27)CHR$(83) "0512" ; : FORX5=0T
0255:P5=Z5
2220 IFPPOINT (X5 , Y5 )<1THENP5=A1
2230 IFPPOINT (X5 , Y5+1 ) <1THENP5=P
5+A2
2240 IFPPOINT ( X5 , Y5+2 ) <1THENP5=P
5+A3
2250 IFPPOINT (X5 , Y5+3 ) <1THENP5=P
5+A4
2260 PRINT#-2 , CHR$ (P5)CHR$(P5) ; :
NEXT: PRINT* -2 , CHR$ (13) ; : NEXT : GOT
03000
3000 NEXTPG
November 1986 THE RAINBOW 127
STAR NX-10 COMPLETE SYSTEM
Easy-to-use and ready for the heavy workloads
from your TRS-80 Color Computer 1, 2, 3 or PC
compatible. Control pitch, margins, NLQ, Italics
and more from the Front Control Panel. Stuff the
5K data buffer with your own unique character set
or use one of the 11 built in charater sets. 1 Year
limited warrany serviceable nationwide. Deluxe
Users manual. System includes the NX-10 Dot
Matrix printer with BLUE STREAK II serial to
parallel interface and our Software Trio (see
below).
SPECS: 120cps Draft, 30cps NLQ, Italics Sub & Superscripts,
Emphasized, Doublestrike, Proportional, International, Down Loadable
Char., Left, Right, or Center Justification, Underline, Vertically Enlarged
2X/4X, 5, 6, 8.5, 10, 12, & 17 CPI, Graphics 480-1920 dots/line, Horz.&
Vert. Tabs, Forward or Reverse n/216" Line Feeds, Hex Dump, Friction
& Push Tractor, 5K Data Buffer.
$29995
+$10 Shipping
and Insurance
COMPLETE
SEIKOSHA SP-1000A COMPLETE SYSTE
Triple Mode Dot Matrix printer with serial
interface, cable and our Software Trio (see
below). Ready to run single sheet or 4" to 10"
tractor paper from your TRS-80 Color Computer
1, 2, or 3. Compatible with your programs that
let you control your baud rate, like CoCoMax,
VIP, Basic and OS-9 etc. 24 month limited
warranty. 76 page users manual.
SPECS: 100cps Draft, 20 cps NLQ, Italics, Sub & Superscripts, Bold,
Doublestrike, Proportional, International, Underline, 5, 8, 8.5, 10, 12, &
17 CPI, Graphics 480-1920 dots/line, Horizontal and Vertical Tabs,
n/216"' Line Feeds, Hex Dump, Friction and Tractor Paper Feed,
$21995
+$10 Shipping
and Insurance
COMPLETE
CITIZEN 120D COMPLETE SYSTEM
BLUE STREAK II
Triple Mode, High perfomance Dot Matrix
printer with serial interface, cable, and our
Software Trio (see below). Ready to run with
v your TRS-80 Color Computer 1, 2, or 3. Load
single sheets with one button ease or use the
adjustable tractor with rear or bottom feed. Fill
the 4K buffer with text and graphics from your
favorite programs such as CoCoMax, VIP and
Basic at rates up to 9600 baud. 18 month limited
warranty. Deluxe users manual.
Serial to jParallel
SPECS: 120 cps Draft, 25 cps NLQ, italics, Sub & Superscripts,
Emphasized, Doublestrike, Proportional, International, User Defined
Characters, Left, Right, Center or Full Justification, Undrline, Oversoore,
Reverse Print, Vertically Enlarged 2X, 5, 6, 8.5, 10, 12, 17, & 20 CPI,
Graphics 480-1920 dots/line, Horz. and Vert. Relative & Absolute Tabs,
n/216" Line Feeds, Hex Dump, Friction and Tractor, 4K Buffer.
$229 95
+$10 Shipping
and Insurance
COMPLETE
Transfer your data from CoCo 1, 2, 3 to your
parallel printer with a fury. The Blue Streak can
increase your data transmission 4 fold over
convetional-compatible interfacing and increase
printer through put. An additional serial I/O port
permits port sharing with another serial device
without recabling.
SPECS: 300, 600, 1200, 2400, 4800, 0600 Swithcable Baud Rates.
Power Supply 276-1 431 A UL Listed, 1 Year Warranty, Input 4 Pin Serial,
Output 36 Pin Parallel and 4 Pin Serial, Total Cable Length 54 Inches,
Box4"x2"x1".
$49 95 without power ^ d s S
$54 95 wi * Power UffiSS,
SOFTWARE TRIO
ion'*
WORD PROCESSOR 2.2
TAPE OR DISK VERSION A FULL 8"Xir SCREEN DUMP PROGRAM
A feature packed program that turns your CoCo A well-written and documented program written
into an office machine. Create and save letters in machine language position independent code,
and documents with the Word processor tailored Features include user definable color shading and
for your printer. printing in all 5 Pmodes. Tape transferable to
disk. Requires 16K extended color basic.
TYPE SELECTION
TUTORIAL PROGRAM
Menu driven program for the CoCo. Teaches
and shows the new user the numerous features of
their printer. (Specify printer when ordering)
ALL THREE
PROGRAMS
$1995
DAYTON ASSOCIATES
ofW.R,
HALL
INC
DUN & BKAIXSTREET LISTED
7201 CLAIRCREST BLDG. C
DAYTON, OHIO 45424
OHIO RESIDENTS ADD 6.5% SALES TAX • C.O.D. ADD $2.00
TRS HO Color Computer® Tandy Corp., CoCoMax® Colorwaro Inc., VIP® Softluw Corp. All data subject to change without notice.
RAINBOW REVIEW
CoCo Util II
An Improved Way to Transfer Data/Mark Data Products .. . ., ... ,136
CoCoachiever
Organize Your Amway Business/ T&M Enterprises . . . . , . , . .... 1 46
Code Practice
Improve Morse Code Skills/Sunr/se Software . . . ... 134
The Computer Phone Book
Learn About Computer Communications/A/ew American Library 135
CyberTank
Simulation Requires Good Strategy/Mar/c Data Products 149
Digisector DS-69A
Produces Digitized Printouts of Video Pictures/77?e Micro Works. .< . . . . .140
Dragon Blade
High Resolution Adventure Game/ Prickly-Pear Software . . . ...... , . 150
Drive 1 Upgrade
Add a Second Disk Drive in Minutes/Specfrum Projects, Inc. . . . . . . .151
Flash Card Drill
Educational Program/ Thompson House . 148
LEO
Challenging Game Keeps You on Your Joes/Lomiq Inc 145
LISTER
Structure BASIC Programs/CMD Micro ... 139
PBH-64 Print Buffer
Provides a Serial-to-Parallel Interface/Specfrum Projects, Inc. . ; , . . ..144
Paper Route
64K Action Game/ Diecom Products ... .147
Probaloto Version 2.0
Pick a Winner/Gary Olander 143
The Quest for Reality
Adventure Game with Magic and MysXery/Brainbank Software 150
Ultra Telepatch
Improves the "Perfect" Word Processor/Sob van der Poel Software . . . . .138
The magazine for Tandy portable and MS-DOS users
Not only does Tandy produce our favorite CoCo, we think they produce the best and best-priced lap-
top portable and MS-DOS computers as well. We've found that when satisfied Color Computer users
decide to add portability or move to MS-DOS, many stick with Tandy. For these people we publish PCM,
The Personal Computer Magazine for Tandy Computer Users.
Each month in RCM, you'll find information and programs for the Tandy 100, 102, 200 and 600 portable
computers. And you'll find even more coverage for their MS-DOS machines, the 1000, 1200, 2000 and
3000, along with the great new 1000 EX, 1000 SX and 3000 HL.
FREE PROGRAMS!
We learned from the rainbow that readers want programs to type in, so each month we bring you an
assortment of them: games, utilities, graphics, and home and business applications.
BAR CODE LISTINGS AND PROGRAM DISKS!
For portable users, PCM is the only home computer publication in the world that brings you programs
in bar code, ready to scan into memory like magic with the sweep of a wand! For those who don't have
time to type in listings, we offer a companion disk service with all the programs from the magazine.
TUTORIALS AND PRODUCT REVIEWS!
As if all this weren't enough, we offer regular tutorials on telecommunications and hardware; assembly
language, basic and pascal programming tips; and in-depth reviews of the new software, peripherals
and services as they are released. Add it all up and we think you'll find PCM to be the most informative
and fun magazine for this market today!
To order by phone (credit card orders only) call 800-847-0309, 8 a.m. to 5 p.m. EST. For other inquiries
call 502-228-4492.
□ YES! Please send me a one year (12 issues)
subscription to PCM for only $28/ A savings of 22%
off the newsstand price.
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Address
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U.S. currency only, please.
Mail to: PCM, The Falsoft Building, P.O. Box 385, Prospect KY 40059
REVIEWING
OS-9 Version 2.0.0
Editor:
I have been an avid reader of your mag-
azine for well over a year now and consider
it an indispensable part of my software
library. Although I am not one to write to
magazines very often, the review that I read
on OS-9 Version 2.0.0 [September 1986,
Page 146] has prompted me to write to you
today.
In the review it states that it is not possible
to make a bootable disk with the config
program. This is simply not true. Insert a
backed-up copy of the config disk into Drive
0 and type chx /d0/cmds and chd /d0.
Then type config and follow the prompts.
It eventually prompts you to insert a format-
ted disk into Drive 1 and installs the new
boot file you have designed onto the disk.
Then it allows you to install the CMDS and
other directories if you want.
The config program allows you to put
your own device descriptors and drivers into
the selection process (at config run-time) by
appending their names with .dd for device
descriptor and .dr for device driver. It lets
you put in your own file managers by the
same process. I have done this with software
for the J&R Banker RAMDisk.
The reviewer didn't mention that the
Tandy version of OS-9 still hard codes the
description of its floppy drive's disk step rate
and number of sides into the CCDISK
module. He also failed to mention that some
third-party software will not work with
Version 2.0.0. I had just purchased a 51-
column software screen with various other
utilities and was quite saddened to watch my
screen "blow up" when I tried it with OS-
9 Version 2.0.0 He didn't mention the park
command, which is used just before the
powering down of hard disks.
Thank you for the best Color Computer
magazine in the world and keep up the good
work!
Mark F. Sanderson
Houston, TX
OTERM
Editor:
I would like to pass on a compliment to
Bernard Pluth, author of OTERM. This is
a must terminal program for anyone inter-
ested in OS-9. After reading the manual, the
first and only time, I was impressed with the
ease of use of this program. The gentleman
who reviewed it in the July 1986 issue of
RAINBOW [Page 148] must not be familiar
with OS-9. 1, myself, have a long way to go
with OS-9, but I found reading the manual
only once was enough. Thanks, Bernie.
David duess
Princeton, KY
Casper CoCo Quick Assembler
Editor:
The loading problem with the Casper
CoCo Quick Assembler reviewed in the
September rainbow [Page 137] was the
PCLEAR bug. The older ROMs fail to update
one of their pointers when they move the
BASIC program. The PCLEAR 1 fix I remem-
bered from one of my old rainbows was:
1 GOTO 333
2 (program)
9999 PCLEAR 1:RUN 2
Earl W. Casper
Phoenix, AZ
Memory Manager
Editor:
Thank you for reviewing our Memory
Manager program [October 1986, Page
139]. I would like to comment on some of
the statements that Mr. Church made.
First of all, he said, "The all-RAM mode
allows approximately 8K of RAM for
storage of a short program or data." He left
out the important point that programs can
be stored in the upper 8K of memory leaving
all of the 32 K of lower memory available for
strings or data.
For saving programs Mr. Church stated,
"Both basic and ML programs may be
saved, but the beginning, ending and execu-
tion addresses must be known for ML
programs." Can ML programs be saved to
a floppy disk or tape without giving the
beginning, ending and execution addresses?
A paragraph is devoted to explaining how
inconvenient it is to have a program auto-
matically run. It is much simpler to press the
break key to stop the program than to type
RUN and press ENTER to start it. Most
programs have a menu with options to be
selected, and pressing the break key stops
the program.
Mr. Church also explains how inconven-
ient it is to save a copy of a development
program to the RAMdisk with a disk or tape
being preferred. The purpose of the RAM-
disk is to quickly save programs. What could
be faster than saving a copy of the develop-
ment program in the RAMdisk and then
running it? Also the Memory Manager
program allows the first 32K memory bank
to be copied into the second 32K bank. This
can be used to save a copy of a development
program.
I don't understand the implication that a
program can lock up the RAMdisk. The
RAMdisk occupies the upper 4K bytes of
memory in the first 32 K bank and stores
programs in the second 32K bank. The lower
28 K can be used for any program, although
Mr. Church implied that complex programs
will not run with the RAMdisk installed. Of
course programs that use the memory
reserved for the RAMdisk will not work.
Two programs included in the package are
RAMdisk and Memory Manager. RAM-
disk stores programs in the second memory
bank. Memory Manager allows BASIC pro-
grams to be run in either of the 32K memory
banks. Mr. Church states, "The two main
purposes here are to use memory, either in
two banks or an 8K block of memory for
data or program storage." Programs up to
32K long can be placed in both banks. The
8K block is for the all-RAM mode where a
program can be placed in the upper 8K of
memory leaving the lower 32K for strings or
data.
The last paragraph implies that only
machine language programmers can benefit
from the programs because of the quirks in
the program. We have not received a single
complaint from our customers and I am sure
that most are not machine language pro-
grammers. If any problems do arise, we will
gladly correct them.
Bill Chappie
Dynamic Electronics
Penpal
Editor:
I would like to bring a few items to your
attention with regard to the review of Penpal
[April 1986, Page 184].
When used on a CoCo 2, it intermittently
prints a@a@a@a@a@a@ when 'a' is de-
pressed or ihihihihihi when V is depressed.
This is very frustrating when using the WP
package and prevents text where an 'a' is
used in the spreadsheet. Four Star knows
about this problem and says nothing can be
done.
I originally purchased Version 1, then
upgraded to Version 2. 1 phoned and wrote
Four Star Software on many occasions.
They told me that Version 2 was replaced by
Version 2.1 and that they would send it to
me. Since then they have repeatedly ignored
my complaints.
If these problems could be resolved, I
would have no complaints about this pack-
age of software. I feel it is disgusting the way
that Four Star treats customers. I originally
complained well within the 30 day warranty
period (after proving the problem was not
on my system). A classic case of the buyer
beware.
Graham Langford
Pickering, Ontario
We welcome letters to "Reviewing Re-
views" and remind you that they may also
be sent to us through the MAIL section
of our new Delphi CoCo SIG. From the
CoCo SIG> prompt, pick MAIL, then
type SEND and address to: EDITORS. Be
sure to include your complete name and
address.
November 1 986 THE RAINBOW 1 31
RECEIVED AND CERTIFIED
The following products have recently been received by THE RAINBOW,
examined by our magazine staff and approved for the Rainbow Seal of
Certification, your assurance that we have seen the product and have
ascertained that it is what it purports to be.
This month the Seal of Certification has been issued to:
Battle Hymn — the battle of Gettys-
burg, a 64K ML game with Hi-Res
graphics. Recreate the Battle of Gettys-
burg from the absence of J.E.B. Stuart
to Pickett's charge; from Johnson and
Early's failure at Culp's Hill to Hood's
victory at Devil's Den; from the attack
at Big Round Top to McLaw's run at
Peach Orchard. Take charge of 1 1
Confederate divisions and maneuver
your forces against the Union line. Ark
Royal Games, Box 14806, Jacksonville,
FL 32238, $29 plus $2 S/H
B.E.S.T. Expert System Toolkit, 64K
artificial intelligence program. This
menu-driven approach lets you gener-
ate your own rule-based backward
chaining expert system. After answer-
ing a series of questions, a graph of the
responses and correct solutions is dis-
played. Thinking Software, 46-16 65th
Place, Woodside, NY 13377, $79.95.
CK.BAS, a copy/ kill program that
copies any number of files with any
number of tracks up to 80, and kills any
or all files on the source drive. Includes
T40 and T80 (64K) ML programs that
support up to four drives and supports
all versions of Radio Shack ROMs.
CoCosoft, 1 159 East 9th Avenue, Mesa,
AZ 85204, $34.95.
CoCo Hymnal, a collection of 40 hymns
for the Color Computer. Each of five
menus offers a choice of eight hymns.
Sovereign Grace Software, 221 High-
view Drive, Ballwin, MO 63011, disk
$9.95 plus $2 S/H.
The CoCo Hymnal II, requires 64K and
disk drive. This program contains 29
hymns arranged in four voices. Four
different menus allow the selection of
the hymns. While the music plays,
words to the verses of each song are also
displayed on the Hi-Res screen. Sover-
eign Grace Software, 221 Highview
Drive, Ballwin, MO 63011, $9.95 plus
$2 S/H.
DDAY, a 64K Hi-Res machine lan-
guage wargame. Use your historical
knowledge of the Allied invasion of
France in a game of tactics and strate-
gies. Ark Royal Games, P.O. Box
14806, Jacksonville, FL 32238, tape
$23, disk $25. plus $2 S/H.
Disk Programming Package, four util-
ity programs for the Color Computer.
ADD ML appends machine language
code to the end of basic programs;
UNPACKER converts compressed
BASIC program into single-line state-
ments; MLB A SIC converts BASIC pro-
grams into pseudo-machine language,
which can be loaded and executed;
JOIN links machine language modules
and adds auto-execute. CMD Micro
Computer Services Ltd., 10447 124th
Street, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
T5N 1E1, Disk $14.95 plus $2 S/H
Drive 1 Upgrade, single-sided drive that
mounts in RS Disk 0 cabinet. Spectrum
Projects, Inc., P.O. Box 264, Howard
Beach, NY 11414, $139.95 plus $3 S/H
Filesafe, 32K or 64K disk file encryp-
tion program with Radio Shack Disk
BASIC 1.0, 1.1 or JDOS. The program
encodes all types of standard Disk
BASIC disk files with a user supplied
password, and features fingerprint and
encoding routine. Emerald Island Soft-
ware, P.O. Box 1126, Cleveland, OH
44111, $22 plus $2.50 S/H
FRED, a French electronic verb dic-
tionary that runs on a 16K disk system.
Use the program to look up verb forms
of any infinitive typed in and display
them on the screen. David Compton,
252 N. Main Street, Suffield, CT 06078,
disk $12.95 plus $3 S/H.
Library of FORTH Routines and Utili-
ties, a collection of professional-quality
FORTH codes. This book includes rou-
tines which show how FORTH's
command-building properties can be
used to create almost any kind of appli-
cation. New American Library, 1633
Broadway, New York, NY 10019,
$22.95; $31.95 Cnd.
LYRA, an eight-voice music editor
utilizing a complete point-and-click
user interface. Lyra allows four-voice
music output to the TV speaker, but
supports eight voices when output is
directed to Symphony 12 or to a MIDI
synthesizer. Speech Systems, 38 W. 255
Deer path Road, Batavia, IL60510, disk
only, $54.95.
McWord, a machine language word
processor. Program is written in 6803
assembly language and requires MC-10
microcomputer with 20K RAM and
cassette recorder. Michael Fahy, RD
#1, Box 480, Central City, PA 15926,
$25.
Music Libraries 400, 500, 600, 700, 800,
for the Color Computer. Each volume
contains over 100 four-voice transcrip-
tions of favorite tunes. Musica or a
knowledge of music is not required.
Speech Systems, 38 W. 255 Deerpath
Road, Batavia, IL 60510, tape or disk,
$29.95 each volume.
PBH-64 Print Buffer, a printer buffer
combining 64K RAM and a serial-to-
parallel interface. Includes complete
instructions. Spectrum Projects, P.O.
Box 264, Howard Beach, NY 11414,
$149.95 plus $3 S/H
Packer, a program compressor utility
which strips BASIC programs of re-
marks, unnecessary spaces, colons,
semicolons and GDTQs; deletes LET
statements; and joins lines together.
Each option can be executed individu-
ally or all six can be executed in one
pass. CMD Micro, 17435 57th Avenue,
Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6M1E1,
$14.95 plus $2 S/H
Picture Perfect, a 16K ECB graphics
screen dump. The program is a combi-
nation of BASIC and machine language
programs that allows you to print out
full-page copies of graphics pictures on
any dot-matrix printer that has bit
image graphics capabilities. Hawkes
Research Services, 859 Stanford
Avenue, Oakland, CA 94608, $25.
Print V Wear, specially treated transfer
sheets (8!4 by 11 inches) that enable the
user to computer-design and print iron-
ons with dot-matrix or thermal ribbon
printers. Print V Wear transfers require
Koala Pad or any type jof graphics
program, hand iron and Print 'n' Wear
paper. Foto-Wear, Inc., 62 Herbert
Drive, East Brunswick, N J 08816, $8.95
for 4Pak; $19.95 for WPak.
1 32 THE RAINBOW November 1 986
Metric Industries
Smart Speller, a spelling checker pro-
gram that searches and replaces com-
mon misspellings in OS-9 files. Works
with any version of OS-9 and corrects
files created with any OS-9 word pro-
cessor. The disk includes a dictionary
and menu-driven dictionary editor to
allow altering and customizing of dic-
tionary file and OS-9 assembly source
code. Spectacular Software, Box 363,
Mansfield Center, CT 06250, $9.95.
Studies in the Parables, a Color Com-
puter 64K disk Bible study program.
Sovereign Grace Software, 221 High-
view Drive, Ballwin, MO 63011, $9.95
plus $2.50 S/H.
Underware Ribbon, lets you create
iron-on transfers with your printer.
These ribbons come in a variety of
colors and can be used on a wide range
of printers. (Prices depend on type of
printer used.) Diversions, Inc., 505
West Olive Avenue #520, Sunnyvale,
CA 94087, black ribbons, $14.95 to
$19.95; color ribbons, $16.95 to $21.95;
ColorPens, $14.95.
White Fire of Eternity, 64K graphics
Adventure. The scenario places you in
the village of Faernarn during the age
of monsters and magic, the time of gods
and loremasters. Your hunger for
knowledge puts you at odds with the
loremasters and you storm out of the
village only to discover you have be-
come lost in the Forbidden Wood. Your
quest for knowledge of the White Fire
begins. Saguaro Software, 4137 E.
Bermuda, Tucson, AZ 85712, Disk
$24.95.
Word Processor, 64K Disk Extended
BASIC printer page editor. KolesarjBS,
7 Ladd Road, Westfield, PA 16950,
$16.95 plus $2 S/H.
The Seal of Certification program is
open to all manufacturers of products
for the Tandy Color Computer,
regardless of whether they advertise in
THE RAINBOW.
By awarding a Seal, the magazine
certifies the product does exist — that
we have examined it and have a
sample copy — but this does not
constitute any guarantee of
satisfaction. As soon as possible, these
hardware or software items will be
forwarded to THE RAINBOW reviewers
for evaluation.
— Judi Hutchinson
Model 101 Interface $39.95
The Model 101 is a serial to with all cables and connectors for
parallel interface intended for use your computer and printer.
with a COCO and any Centronics
compatible parallel input printer.
The 101 has 6 switch selectable
baud rates (300-9600). The 101
is only 4* x 2" X 1 " and comes
The Model 104 Deluxe Interface $51.95
The Model 104 is a serial to
parallel interface like the Model
101 but it has the added feature
of a serial port (sometimes
referred to as a modem switch).
This feature allows the connection
of a parallel printer and any
serial device (modem, serial printer
etc.) to your computer. You may
then select either output, serial or
parallel, with the flip of a switch.
The 104 is only 4.5* x 2.5" x 1 .25"
and comes with all cables and
connectors for your computer. You
supply the serial cable for your
modem or other serial device.
Model 102 Switcher $35.95
The Model 102 has 3 switch
positions that allow you to
switch your computer's serial
output between 3 different
devices (modem, printers or
another computer). The 102 has
color coded lights that indicate
the switch position. These
lights also act as power
indicators to let you know your
computer is on. Supplied with
the 102 are color coded labels
that can be applied to your
accessories. The 102 has a heavy
guage anodized aluminum cabinet
with non-slip rubber feet.
Cassette Label Package $15.95
Organize Your Tapes, Label Your Save $8.40 when you purchase the you pay only $15.95. When
Data Tapes, Color Code Your
Tapes, Label Your Audio Tapes
Cassette Label program and label
package. You get the Cassette
Label program, 100 WHITE labels,
100 RED labels, 100 BLUE labels,
100 YELLOW labels, and 100 TAN
labels. A value worth $24.35, but
ordering, specify the Cassette Label
PACKAGE.
Cassette Label Program $6.95
New Version 1.2-Tape transferra-
ble to disk. Now save and
load Labels from tape or disk.
This fancy printing utility prints
5 lines of information on
pinfeed cassette labels. "Cas-
sette Label" is menu driven and
is very easy to use. It uses the
special features of your
printer for standard, expanded
or condensed characters. Each
line of text is automatically
centered. Before the label
is printed, it Is shown on your
THE 101, AND 104
REQUIRE POWER IN ORDER TO
OPERATE. MOST PRINTERS
CAN SUPPLY POWER TO YOUR
INTERFACE. STAR, RADIO
SHACK, AND OKI DATA ARE JUST
A FEW THAT DO. EPSON DOES
NOT THE INTERFACES CAN
ALSO BE POWERED BY AN AC
ADAPTER (RADIO SHACK MODEL
273-1431 PLUGS INTO ALL
MODELS). IF YOU REQUIRE A
POWER SUPPLY, ADD A "P" TO
THE MODEL NUMBER AND $5.00
TO THE PRICE. (MODEL 101 P
$44.95, MODEL 104P $56.95)
CRT — enabling you to
make changes if you like —
then print 1, 2 or 100 labels. The
program comes on tape and it
is supplied with 24 labels to
get you started. 16K ECB
required.
tAMu minttm utility
Other Quality Items
High Quality 5 Screw Shell C-10
Cassette Tapes $7.50 per dozen
Hard Plastic Storage Boxes for
Cassette Tapes $2.50 per dozen
Pin Feed Cassette Labels
White $3.00 per 100
Colors $3.60 per 100 (Red, Blue,
Yellow or Tan)
K> AM KICK
txcwi, tm
«
The Model 101, 102 and 104
will work with any COCO, any
level basic and any memory size.
These products are covered by
a 1 year warranty.
The Model 101 and 104 work
with any standard parallel input
printer including Gemini, Epson,
Radio Shack, Okidata, C. loth and
many others. They support
BASIC print commands, word
processors and graphic com-
mands.
We manufacture these products.
Dealer inquiries are invited.
To order call our 24 hour order
line 513-677-0796 and use
your VISA MASTERCARD,
request C.O.D.or send check or
money order to:
Metric Industries
P.O. Box 42396
Cincinnati, OH 45242
Free shipping on orders over
$50.00. Ohio residents add 5.5%
sales tax.
Orders under $50.00 please add
$2.50 for shipping.
November 1 986 THE RAINBOW 1 33
Software ReviewSSSSSSSS^SSSSSSSSS SZ\
Sharpen Morse Code Skills
With Code Practice
About 25 years ago, my good friend, Steve, and I decided
to become hams; no, not actors, but amateur radio
operators. The first thing we found out about getting our
FCC license was that we needed to learn Morse code. So
we got ourselves the Novice Bible written by the Amateur
Radio ReJay League and read all about code.
I remember we walked around the neighborhood (we
were teenagers then) "reading" store signs and street signs
to each other in code — di-di-di-dit di-dit (hi). I'm sure
people thought we had a few screws loose. Eventually, we
both got our Novice licenses (five words per minute) and
had lots of fun talking to other hams all over the world.
As we progressed in the hobby, our code speed gradually
increased, but for me it was a struggle. Copying other hams'
imperfect "fists" was not a very good way to become
proficient (hams used to use mechanical hand keys to send
code). There were some mechanical code machines to rent,
but they cost several hundred dollars to buy. I needed all
my money to purchase the radio equipment I needed to be
a ham.
rNet Form*
f P.O. Box 1061
Wilkes-Barre, PA. 18782
Introduces
8>§£abel master fo
We are pleased to announce the addition of the
LABELMASTER to our line.
The LABELMASTER is compatible with ANY
printer that can print text!!!
With LABELMASTER you can:
* Make customized diskette jackets 1 By using your favorite
dump program, you may add your own personalized graphics
design!
* Print jackets with the disk's directory, on the front cover!
* Print professional looking labels for your disks!
* Print Blank, or personally customized Cassette labels!
* Prepare and Maintain Mailing Labels! You may print an un-
limited number of every label on the disk in one operation!
* Save Money!!! LABELM ASTER'S DISK-TWIN will allow you
to easily double the storage capacity of each diskette!
ORDER NOW!
Only $19.95
ALSO,
••* very high quality generic ssdd disks - $.85 each *"*
NO QUANTITY LIMIT.
Now, however, for a mere $9.95 and your CoCo with a
disk drive, you can purchase a program called Code Practice
from Sunrise Software. This BASIC program, written by
Brian Sokol (KA9SRK), is billed as being "written for those
who would like to learn or improve their skills with the
International Morse Code."
Typing RUN "CODE" starts the program. Short title and
copyright screens appear before the first menu is shown.
This menu gives you the choices of changing the speed at
which you want the code sent (between two and 99 wpm),
changing the tone of the code being sent, selecting the code
practice mode and exiting. The first two options allow you
to customize the program for your own personal preference.
The third option sends you to another menu. This menu
gives you three choices: random characters, random QSO
(a ham buzzword that means a conversation on the radio)
and exit, which returns you to the first menu. The random
characters are the alphabet, numbers and puncuation
marks. There are 200 characters sent in groups of five. The
random QSO is a typical first exchange that most hams use
when first making a new "contact." It's almost in plain
English, but does contain some ham buzzwords. At the end
of either practice session, what has just been sent appears
on the screen so you can see how well you're doing.
The disk is not copy protected but it is run protected. You
have to plug the code plug, supplied with the program, into
the right joystick connector for the program to run. This
is a minor nuisance, but it's much nicer than being copy
protected.
The manual consists of one and a half dot-matrix pages
containing most of the information needed to run the
program. Memory capability for the CoCo is not specified,
nor is the range of code speeds permissible under the
"change speed" selection.
The only thing I question about this program is whether
you can really learn Morse code using it. There are no
instructions for learning the code. It takes a bit more than
an automatic sender to learn it. You need to be told how
each character is represented in Morse code — the dots and
dashes that define each character. None of this basic
information is provided. YouH have to round up the old
Novice Bible, if they stilt print it, or find someone to help
you get started. (Just about any ham would be happy to
help; you can find them by walking around the neighbor-
hood looking for the 15 antennae on the roof.)
The program could be a great help in building your
proficiency once you've learned the basics. As long as you
realize this limitation, I would recommend this program to
anybody, from the rank amateur (pun intended) to the guy
like me who has forgotten a lot of dots and dashes.
So for now, 73 (best regards) ES (and) QRT (I have to
sign off now) DE (from) K9AKC.
(Sunrise Software, 8901 NW 26 Street, Sunrise, FL 33322,
$9.95 plus $2 S/H)
VISA
CREDIT CARD ORDERS, CALL (717) 821-2946
[MasterCard .1
PLEASE ADD $2.00 S&H. PA ORDERS ADD 6% SALES TAX
— C.L. Pilipauskas
134 THE RAINBOW November 1986
3ook Reviewi
Learn About Computer
Communications With
The Computer Phone Book
Reaching out and touching someone over the telephone
is easy — pick up the handset, dial the number and voila!,
you're talking to the person on the other end. You don't have
to be concerned about all the technology that resides
between your phone and the person you're calling.
Unfortunately, the state of computer-to-computer
communications has not reached the level of simplicity that
phone-to-phone communications have. If one wants to get
the most out of his computer by linking it with another
computer, it is necessary to understand some basics of
computer communications.
User documentation is often more of a hindrance than
a help. Whoever writes these masterpieces of confusion
assumes that you know all there is to know about the basics,
so it's easy for a beginner to get lost.
Coming to the assistance of the computer owner who
would like to learn the basics of computer communications
is a book entitled The Computer Phone Book.
The Computer Phone Book is divided into two volumes.
The first, A Guide to Using Online Systems, starts by
explaining, in a well-organized, simple manner, what
computer communications consist of. It includes what
hardware and software are necessary, what features are
required and desirable, and what you can expect to find at
the other end of the line.
Although I've been online for over five years, I found the
introduction section of the book very informative. The
author, Mike Cane, explains complex concepts in a simple,
understandable manner. Anyone looking for a detailed
explanation of telecommunications, however, should look
for another book. Only the basics are to be found here.
Book / is intimidating at first glance; it's 493 pages long.
However, only the first 25 pages deal with the basics of
computer telecommunications. The remainder of the book
deals with the various services which can be accessed when
one is online.
Before reviewing the book, I was unaware of some of
these services and what they had to offer. I discovered that
some of the financial information I gather through online
systems can be retrieved at a lower cost using other services.
The Complete Phone Book, Book II, A Directory of
Online Systems, resembles your standard phone book, in
that it contains listings of the world's major electronic
libraries. It includes an overview of available information,
names, numbers, profiles of hundreds of systems large and
small, special services, and overseas and Canadian systems.
This has to be the largest list of online systems available.
Book II is 685 pages long, divided into sections covering
United States National Systems, United States Local
Systems, United States Bulletin Board Systems, Canadian
Bulletin Board Systems and United States Special Services.
Where appropriate, these sections are subdivided into
geographic areas, making it easy to find systems which are
accessible without paying for a long distance call. Each
listing contains such information as telephone number,
operating hours, costs (if any) and contacts, as well as frank
commentary by the author.
While this is great information, it's only useful if it is
accurate. Hopefully, the publisher will strive to keep the
book current. Purchasers are invited to register for free
updates. The first printing, June 1986 was very current at
the time of this review. In my 303 area code there were 15
Bulletin Boards listed. I was aware of only three of these.
The discovery of the additional 12 local boards alone would
have justified the cost of the book.
If you are getting started in telecommunications, both
volumes of the Computer Phone Book will be of use.
Experienced onliners will find new friends through Book
IL
(New American Library, P.O. Box 999, Bergenfield, NJ
07621, The Computer Phone Book— Book I, $U.95\Book
H, $18.95)
— Bruce Rothermel
THE SOFTWARE HOUSE
A DIVISION OF DATAMATCH, INC.
DATAMATC
DS/DD-2 NOTCHES-2 ID HOLES
10/*9.95 100/*95.00
DATAMATCH DISKETTES
SINGLE SIDE /DOUBLE DENSITY
10/*9.00 100/485.00
PROGRAMMER'S DISKS
SS/DD 10/*8.00 100/473.00
DS/DD 10/S9.00 100/485.00
ALL DISKS CONE WITH TYVEK SLEEVES, LABELS, W. P. TABS
HEAT TRANSFER (IRON-ON) RIBBONS
BLACK - RED - BLUE - YELLOW
GEMINI /OKI PRINTERS 43.95 EA.
COLOR RIBBONS: Red, Green, Blue, Brown
GEM/OKI 4/S10.00
EPSON 4/S24.00
APPLE/NEC 4/S24.00
ALL ITEMS 1 00% GUARANTEED!
Add $2.50 S/H in U.S.A - Canada Add $3.50
Michigan Residents Add 4% Sales Tax
Send check or money order payable to:
THE SOFTWARE HOUSE
9020 Hemingway, Redford, Ml 48239
(31 3) 937-3442 «KI
Send Card Number and Exp. Date ffl 3|
Min. Charge Order $20.00
November 1986 THE RAINBOW 135
Software Review Z^^^^SESSSSSSSS^Sf7?\
CoCo-Util II: An Improved
Way to Transfer Data
There is good news for those of you who need to transfer
data between the Color Computer and an MS-DOS
machine. Mark Data has released a sequel to its powerful
programming utility, CoCo-Util.
CoCo-Util II provides the capability to migrate disk files
from one system to the other. It requires an IBM/ PC or
compatible, 128K RAM, two floppy disk drives or a floppy
and a hard drive and PC/ MS-DOS Version 2.00 or higher.
As you can see from the requirements, you use CoCo-
Util on an MS-DOS machine. So if you have an MS-DOS
machine at work and a CoCo at home, you can create data
files on your CoCo at home and transfer them to the MS-
DOS format at work. When CoCo-Util is loaded into the
MS-DOS machine, it adjusts itself for the type of video
system and the color or graphics card that is active.
The new version has many enhancements. One is the
improved use of colors and the screen layout, which includes
an option to change the color scheme. If you want the
change to be permanent, you can create a configure file that
loads each time you call up CoCo-Util.
The CoCo-Util screen was designed to display as much
information as possible without confusion. The layout
includes seven areas. The first area, the Dir Info Box, gives
information about the current directory that is loaded. This
includes the free space left on the drive, and if it is MS-DOS,
it displays the pathname to'the current directory.
The Date Box displays the day of the week and the system
date, along with the DOS version in use. The Files Info Box
displays the number of files loaded and the maximum
number of files that CoCo- Util has room to store in memory
at one time. This number is dependent on the amount of
RAM. A minimum system of 128K should show a maxi-
mum number of between 800 and 900 files. A full 640K has
room for 9,999 files.
The Drive Assignment Box displays which drive is
assigned to be a CoCo drive and which is the MS-DOS
drive. This box is very important when you plan to format
a CoCo disk. If you pick the wrong drive, all the data on
the disk will be lost. The File Display Box is the largest area.
This is where the filenames of the current directory are
displayed. The display can show up to three columns of 15
(45 filenames at one time). If there are more than 45 files,
you can page up or down through the files. You can also
have the displayed files sorted. You have several sort
sequence options.
The next area is the Message Line Area. This is the
bottom line of the screen and is used to display messages
from the program and error messages. The last area is the
Menu Box, which is used to display the options available.
Since most of the functions are menu driven, another level
of options is displayed when many of the options are
selected. When Co Co- Util first initializes, the primary menu
is displayed. The primary menu consists of the following
options; Copy, Dir, Erase, Format, Insert, Options, Print,
Remove, Shell and View.
The Copy option brings up another menu that allows you
to copy between MS-DOS and CoCo files. You can use the
arrow keys to mark the files you want copied or you can
use the wild card feature. The asterisk (*) and the question
mark (?) are used the same way as in MS-DOS. These files
will probably be ASCII files, but CoCo-Util also transfers
binary files. This can be either an M/L program or a binary
basic or data file. While a binary file may not run on a
different machine, you can modify it in a word processor
and transfer it back, or possibly use it for transferring over
a modem. In any case, it will transfer it; it is up to you how
you will use the file.
The Dir and Erase options are self-explanatory. The
Format option allows you to format a CoCo compatible
disk. I do have a suggestion here. The format is only 35
tracks, and there are many people who use 40 tracks. I
would like to see an option to allow CoCo-Util to format
either 35 or 40 tracks.
The Insert option is used to insert a line feed following
each carriage return. Normally, CoCo text files have lines
that are terminated with carriage returns only. In the MS-
DOS world, a line feed is used, too. This option should only
be used on ASCII text files because if it is used on a binary
file, the file will be unusable.
The Remove option is the reverse of Insert, and again
should only be used on ASCII text files. If Insert is used
on a binary file, you may try to Remove them, but do not
be too hopeful.
The Print option allows you to dump any file to your
printer using either an ASCII or a Dump format. This is
good for printing an ASCII file or for printing out ASCII
text in a binary file. You Adventure gamers may find a use
for that. The Dump format prints a file in ASCII and Hex,
and prints the relative displacement of each byte. In both
formats, non-printable characters are replaced with periods.
The Shell option allows you to temporarily leave CoCo-
Util and perform something in MS-DOS. The View option
is similar to Print, but the file goes to your screen.
I was very impressed with this new version of CoCo-UtiL
The screen layout and use of colors add a professional
touch. I would like to see the 40/35 track option for the
CoCo disk, but overall I liked the program. I recommend
it highly to anyone who needs the capability of transferring
data between computers. It is very useful if you have text
files to transfer. It can also be used to transfer programs
written in CoCo Extended BASIC to an MS-DOS machine,
modify them, then compile them to run under MS-DOS.
If you already have the original CoCo-Util, you can get an
upgrade to CoCo-Util //for $12.95 including shipping and
handling.
(Mark Data Products, 24001 Alicia Parkway, #207, Mission
Viejo, CA 92691, $39.95)
— Dale Shell
DON'T MISS THE FUN
DON'T MISS THE INFORMATION
Make plans now for
RAINBOWfest Chicago
and we'll see you at the
Hyatt Regency Woodfield on
April 10-12
The excitement's just begun!
136 THE RAINBOW November 1986
Telewriter-64
the Color Computer Word Processor
3 display formats: 51/64/85
columns X 24 lines
True lower case characters
User-friendly full-screen
editor
Right justification
Easy hyphenation
Drives any printer
Embedded format and
control codes
Runs in 16K, 32K, or 64K
Menu-driven disk and
cassette I/O
No hardware modifications
required
THE ORIGINAL
Simply stated, Telewriter is the most powerful
word processor you can buy for the TRS-80
Color Computer. The original Telewriter has
received rave reviews in every major Color
Computer and TRS-80 magazine, as well as
enthusiastic praise from thousands of satisfied
owners. And rightly so.
The standard Color Computer display of 32
characters by 16 lines without lower case is
simply inadequate for serious word processing.
The checkerboard letters and tiny lines give you
no feel for how your writing looks or reads.
Telewriter gives the Color Computer a 51
column by 24 line screen display with true
lower case characters. So a Telewriter screen
looks like a printed page, with a good chunk of
text on screen at one time. In fact, more on
screen text than you'd get with Apple II, Atari,
TI, Vic or TRS-80 Model III.
On top of that, the sophisticated Telewriter
full-screen editor is so simple to use, it makes
writing fan. With single-letter mnemonic
commands, and menu-driven I/O and
formatting, Telewriter surpasses all others for
user friendliness and pure power.
Telewriter's chain printing feature means that
the size of your text is never limited by the
amount of memory you have, and Telewriter's
advanced cassette handler gives you a powerful
word processor without the major additional
cost of a disk.
...one of the best programs for the Color
Computer I have seen...
— Color Computer News, Jan. 1982
TELEWRITER-64
But now we've added more power to
Telewriter. Not just bells and whistles, but
major features that give you total control over
your writing. We call this new supercharged
version Telewriter-64. For two reasons.
64K COMPATIBLE
Telewriter-64 runs fully in any Color Computer
— 16K, 32K, or 64K, with or without Extended
Basic, with disk or cassette or both. It
automatically configures itself to take optimum
advantage of all available memory. That means
that when you upgrade your memory, the
Telewriter-64 text buffer grows accordingly. In
a 64K cassette based system, for example, you
get about 40K of memory to store text. So you
dori't need disk or FLEX to put all your 64K
to work immediately.
64 COLUMNS (AND 85!)
Besides the original 51 column screen,
Telewriter-64 now gives you 2 additional high-
density displays: 64 x 24 and 85 x 24!! Both
high density modes provide all the standard
Telewriter editing capabilities, and you can
switch instantly to any of the 3 formats with a
single control key command.
The 51 x 24 display is clear and crisp on the
screen. The two high density modes are more
crowded and less easily readable, but they are
perfect for showing you the exact layout of
your printed page, all on the screen at one
time. Compare this with cumbersome
"windows" that show you only fragments at a
time and don't even allow editing.
RIGHT JUSTIFICATION &
HYPHENATION
One outstanding advantage of the full-width
screen display is that you can now set the
screen width to match the width of your
printed page, so that "what you see is what
you get." This makes exact alignment of
columns possible and it makes hyphenation
simple.
Since short lines are the reason for the large
spaces often found in standard right justified
text, and since hyphenation is the most
effective way to eliminate short lines,
Telewriter-64 can now promise you some of the
best looking right justification you can get on
the Color Computer.
FEATURES & SPECIFICATIONS:
Printing and formatting: Drives any printer
(LPVII/VIII, DMP-100/200, Epson, Okidata,
Centronics, NEC, C. Itoh, Smith-Corona,
Terminet, etc).
Embedded control codes give full dynamic access to
intelligent printer features like: underlining,
subscript, superscript, variable font and type size, dot-
graphics, etc.
Dynamic (embedded) format controls for: top,
bottom, and left margins; line length, lines per page,
line spacing, new page, change page numbering,
conditional new page, enable/disable justification.
Menu-driven control of these parameters, as well as:
pause at page bottom, page numbering, baud rate (so
you can run your printer at top speed), and Epson
font. "Typewriter" feature sends typed lines directly
to your printer, and Direct mode sends control codes
right from the keyboard. Special Epson driver
simplifies use with MX-80.
Supports single and multi-line headers and automatic
centering. Print or save all or any section of the text
buffer. Chain print any number of files from cassette
or disk.
File and I/O Features: ASCII format files —
create and edit BASIC, Assembly, Pascal, and C
programs, Smart Terminal files (for uploading or
downloading), even text files from other word
processors. Compatible with spelling checkers (like
Spell 'n Fix).
Cassette verify command for su'-e saves. Cassette auto-
retry means you type a load command only once no
matter where you are in the tape.
Read in, save, partial save, and append files with disk
and/or cassette. For disk: print directory with free
space to screen or printer, kill and rename files, set
default drive. Easily customized to the number of
drives in the system.
Editing features: Fast, full-screen editor with
wordwrap, block copy, block move, block delete, line
delete, global search and replace (or delete), wild card
search, fast auto-repeat cursor, fast scrolling, cursor
up, down, right, left, begin line, end line, top of text,
bottom of text; page forward, page backward, align
text, tabs, choice of buff or green background,
complete error protection, line counter, word counter,
space left, current file name, default drive in effect,
set line length on screen.
Insert or delete text anywhere on the screen without
changing "modes." This fast "free-form" editor
provides maximum ease of use. Everything you do
appears immediately on the screen in front of you.
Commands require only a single key or a single key
plus CLEAR.
RAINBOW
CERTIFICATION
SEAL
...truly a state of the art word processor...
outstanding in every respect.
— The RAINBOW, Jan. 1982
PROFESSIONAL
WORD PROCESSING
You can no longer afford to be without the
power and efficiency word processing brings to
everything you write. The TRS-80 Color
Computer is the lowest priced micro with the
capability for serious word processing. And
only Telewriter-64 fully unleashes that
capability.
Telewriter-64 costs $49.95 on cassette, $59.95
on disk, and comes complete with over 70
pages of well-written documentation. (The step-
by-step tutorial will have your writing with
Telewriter-64 in a matter of minutes.)
To order, send check or money order to:
Cognitec
704 Nob Street
Del Mar, CA 92014
Or check your local software store. If you have
questions, or would like to order by Visa or
Mastercard, call us at (619) 755-1258 (weekdays,
8AM-4PM PST). Dealer inquiries invited. (Add
$2 for shipping. Californians add 6% state tax.)
Available at
Radio /hack stores
via express order
catalogue #90-0253
90-0254
Apple II is a trademark of Apple Computer, Inc.; Atari is a trademark
of Atari, Inc.; TRS-80 is a trademark of Tandy Corp; MX-80 is 8
trademark of Epson America, Inc.
Software Review*
Ultra Telepatch Improves the
f Perfect' Word Processor
Telewriter-64 is, in my opinion, the most popular word
processor available for the Color Computer. I base that on
the number of program submission articles written with
TW64 that are sent to the RAINBOW by the CoCo commun-
ity. I use TW64 on almost a daily basis and have been
delighted with its service.
Many reviews have appeared in the pages of the RAINBOW
describing Telewriter and many of its enhancements. I
recently reviewed Telepatch II, written by Bob van der Poel,
and was pleased with the extra features it afforded. I
honestly thought Telewriter-64 had been perfected, but boy
was I wrong!
Just about the time we think something is perfect,
someone comes along and improves it. This is the case with
the latest endeavor by Mr. van der Poel, called Ultra
Telepatch Version 3.0. A lot has already been said about
Telewriter , so I will just point out the main improvements
of this latest effort.
Disk I/O — Telepatch II gave the option of calling the
I/O from disk or memory. The reason for the option was
that buffer space was used if you chose to use the memory
"XPNDR2 and SuperGuide -
an Ideal Expansion Card Set"
— RAINBOW 2/86
HARDWARE REVIEW
XPNDR2 $39.95 each or 2/$76
This prototype card features a 40 pin
connector for projects requiring an on-
line disk system or ROM paks. The
CoCo signals are brought out to wire-
wrap pins. Special gold plated spring
clips provide reliable and noisefree
disk operation plus solid support for
vertical mounting of the controller. The
entire 4.3 * 7 inch card is drilled for ICs.
Assembled, tested and ready to run.
XPNDR1 $19.95 each or 2/$36
A rugged 4.3*6.2 inch bare breadboard
that brings the CoCo signals out to
labeled pads. Both XPNDR cards are
double-sided glass/epoxy, have gold
plated edge connectors, thru-hole
plating and are designed with heavy
power and ground buses. They're
drilled for standard 0.3 and 0.6 inch
wide dual in-line wirewrap sockets;
with a 0.1 inch grid on the outboard end
for connectors.
SuperGuide $3.95 each
Here is a unique plastic insert that
aligns and supports printed circuit
cards in the CoCo cartridge port. Don't
forget to ORDER ONE FOR YOUR
XPNDR CARDS
Included with each XPNDR card
are 8 pages of APPLICATION
NOTES to help you learn about
chips and how to connect them to
your CoCo.
To order or for technical informa-
tion call:
(206) 782-6809
weekdays 8 a.m. to noon
We pay shipping on prepaid orders.
For immediate shipment send
check, money order or the number
and expiration date of your VISA or
MASTERCARD to:
ROBOTIC
MICROSYSTEMS
BOX 30807 SEATTLE, WA 98103
option. In the Ultra version, the disk I/O is stored in
memory with no loss of buffer space. This is the best of both
worlds — speed and efficiency.
Word Delete — The original TW64 features a character
delete, but most of us think in words, not characters. The
Ultra version features word delete. Just move the cursor to
the blank space in front of the object word and press CLEAR
and *Y' (for yank). All characters in the word will be deleted
to the next space or carriage return.
Insert Space — Pressing CLEAR and the space bar will
now insert a space at the cursor position.
Braces — The special characters { and } can be generated
by pressing CLEAR-'H' and CLEAR-T combinations.
Find and Global Replace — This enables searches and
replacements of control characters as well as normal text
characters.
Queuing Files — Now you can use a period (.) as well
as a slash (/) for filenames.
The Ultra Telepatch disk also contains some new files of
special interest that can be merged with the T/BAS boot
program:
2COLDIR/BAS — Provides a two-column, on-screen
directory format.
TODISK — Forces TW64 to display the disk menu on
start up. This is very helpful if, for example, you need to
load in an initialization file.
TPRINT — Provides automatic printing of multiple
copies of your text files. No longer do you need to sit in
front of your CoCo pressing 'P* for each copy.
The boot program is fully remarked so that the program
can be tailored to most individual needs. Here you can select
your disk drive stepping rate, turn on and off key clicks and
all the other useful features added in the earlier enhance-
ment versions. Extra lines have also been added for the
user's special requirements, such as defeating reset protec-
tion with POKE 113,3 or maybe adding special printer
control codes.
One other thing. Remember how you used to have to
press CLEAR-UP-ARROW after reading in a file, so it would
unfold on the screen? No more. Now the text unfolds
automatically as soon as the file has read into the buffer.
I discovered one potential problem quite by accident.
After a lot of frustrated searching for both hardware and
software problems, I discovered that if either joystick is
plugged in and is approximately in the 10 to 11 o'clock
position, the computer appears to lock up while attempting
to run the boot or patcher programs. This is not a flaw in
the program, but apparently the USR(X) calls in these
programs conflict with the joysticks. Maybe Mr. van der
Poel can solve this little quirk on subsequent releases.
Ultra Telepatch is supplied on disk only and requires 64K
RAM and an unpatched version of Telewriter-64. It can be
backed up for safekeeping, and comes with an 11-page
instruction manual that is easy to follow.
I believe you will find Ultra Telepatch as impressive as
I have. I've learned that with CoCo, anything is possible.
(Bob van der Poel Software, 17435-57 Avenue, Edmonton,
Alberta, Canada T6M 1E1, $19.95 plus $2 S/H)
— Jerry Semones
1 38 THE RAINBOW November 1 986
Software Review ^^^^SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSr^\
Structure Your BASIC
Programs with LISTER
One of the first things I learned as a programmer is that
the most important part of any program is its documenta-
tion. The design and a well-commented listing are as
important as the code, if not more so. I had to learn how
to comment and arrange listings so that they were readable
by other software engineers.
The word that best describes all these things is structure.
Structured design, structured coding and structured testing
add up to a well-organized, easily read document, created
by taking a big problem and breaking it into little,
manageable pieces.
The listings printed in the magazines and by our CoCo
are dictated by hardware constraints: Every character uses
memory (even spaces), the screen can only have so many
characters and the page has only so much area (although
RAINBOW listings are 32 characters wide to match the screen
and aid in finding typos — thanks folks!). Once the program
is in your hands and you want to understand or modify it
for yourself, it would be helpful to have the listing
"structured" and have plenty of "white space" for easier
reading.
How does one achieve all this structure and white space
when it isn't an original program? How about a utility that
makes CoCo do all the work, with a little help from your
printer? There is a handy little utility that performs all this
magic for you. LISTER, written by Bob van der Poel, is
a machine language program that takes a BASIC listing and
breaks up (structures) a long statement (line of BASIC code)
into small, understandable pieces. It indents all FOR/ NEXT
and IF/THEN/ELSE groups up to 11 levels to show where
they start and end, with everything else in between. Nesting
of those structures in a normal listing makes understanding
almost impossible. But structure the listing and the nesting
leaps out from the paper. If your printer is capable of
printing in an emphasized mode (darker, not bigger) and/
or in some other character set (e.g., italics), the results can
be downright startling.
This program uses no programming memory. It loads in
the area of memory that BASIC reserves for graphics. Since
we are only going to make new listings and not actually
execute (RUN) the BASIC program, that memory isn't needed.
The author claims the program will run on any model
CoCo. It can be purchased on cassette or disk, and is not
copy protected. It comes with a well-written manual
(though in places it is hard to read because of poor
reproduction) and explains in detail what this utility will
do and how to do it.
The program is menu driven, prompts for all necessary
information and allows you to print the whole program or
any range of line numbers. You can print the listing to the
screen, a printer, a disk file or to cassette. You can request
pagination, which prompts you for the date and title,
though you can put whatever you want for the header. The
emphasis can be on or off.
The utility is not formatted for any particular printer, so
a BASIC program is also provided to customize the LISTER
program for your particular brand of printer. The program
prompts you for the control codes to make the printer do
its thing (emphasis, italics, etc.). The BASIC program loads
LISTER, modifies it and saves the new version to disk or
cassette. This also makes a neat backup program or cassette-
to-disk transfer program.
The only problem I had with this utility is that the first
time I used it, garbage was printed on my DMP-200 printer.
I had it set for 1200 Baud, and the program assumes you
are using the Radio Shack standard 600 Baud. j
When listing BASIC programs to the screen,) especially
long ones, it can be a pain stopping them to read a section
of code. Mr. van der Poel thought of that, too. The listings
to the screen are slowed way down for easier reading. Want
to whiz past a section of code? Just hold down the space
bar and the listing will rip by. Want to stop it somewhere
to study a section? Press ENTER and the listing stops; press
any other key to resume. The listing is not particularly neat
on the screen, but after all, this program was designed to
dump to an 80-column printer.
If you do a lot of BASIC programming or modifying and
maintenance of BASIC programs, this utility could be very
useful. Although I tried, I couldn't make this program crash.
It certainly did everything it claimed to do, and it did it quite
well.
(CMD Micro Computer Services Ltd., 10447 124th Street,
Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T5N 1R7, $14.95 plus $2
S/H)
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added by J&R. (Requires 0S9 operating system)
ALL software above is configurable for 256K/512K operation.
Software shipped on disk, add $10.00 for software on tape. (0S9 RAMDISK not available on tape).
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New SAM (74LS785) not included (use your 74LS783), 74LS785 recommended for 2.0 MHz operation.
Pirt miflibir
Pries
Description
#1001
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Banker II bare board (with long pin socket, does not include memory
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Banker II bare board + parts {does not include Memory Expansion Board)
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Banker II assembled & tested (no memory)
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Banker II (256K. upgradable to 51 2K) assembled & tested with memory
#1005
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Banker II (512K) assembled & tested with memory
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Memory Expansion Board
#1007
$29.95
Memory Expansion Board + parts
#9000
$89.95
Down Under Controller. Ram Pack size controller with BDOS Gold
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Compatible with COCO I and COCO !i.
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BDOS (Enhanced DOS on 27128 EPROM)
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$5.00
64 K switch
#9004
$24.95
New SAM 74LS785 (required only for 2.0 MHz operation)
#9005
$24.95
★ New!* PowerBasic — Introductory Price. (Requires RSDOS 1.0 or
1.1 and 256K or 512K Banker) Utilize the extra memory for variable
storage and pass variables between programs in different pages of
memory. Split a large BASIC program into smaller pieces and GOTO or
r
GOSUB a line in another page of memory. . . and more features included.
(disk only)
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$10.00
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To place an order, write to J&R Electronics, P.O. Box 2572, Columbia, MD 21045,
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HDURS; Weekdays 7 p.m.-9 p.m.; Sat. Noon-5 p.m, EASTERN TIME.
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QUANTITY DISCOUNT AVAILABLE. For information on shipping or previously placed orders call (301)
788-0861. COCO II 26-31 XX owners call (soldering experience may be required).
November 1 986 THE RAINBOW 1 39
Hardware Reviem
7Z\
Diary of a Digitizer:
Digisector DS-69A
»
By Kerry Armstrong
*
FRIDAY, P.M. Wife calls me at work to tell me a
package from RAINBOW has arrived. Excitedly, I ask her to
open it and tell me what is inside. With computer widow
disinterest she reports it is a request for a review of The
Micro Works' Digisector DS-69A, and that the package
includes a disk, a manual and a ROM Pak. I can hardly
wait to get home. She informs me that because it's both
Friday and payday, she expects to be taken out to eat this
evening. Darn, I wanted to rush home and play with the
Digisector. I already know the purpose of the DS-69 A is
to produce digitized printouts of video pictures. (IVe been
reading ads in rainbow, much to my wife's chagrin — she
knows that usually means more strain on the charge cards.)
At least I will get a chance to read the manual late tonight.
SATURDAY, A.M. Unlucky break again. Two week-
ends a year I have to work. This is one of them. I would
rather have done some "serious" work on the DS-69A
review. Oh, well. Nothing is planned for this evening. I take
the manual to work with me, though. IH sneak a few peeks
at its 26 pages whenever I get a chance.
SATURDAY, P.M. Home from work at last. Time for
some hands-on use of the Digisector. By now I have
thoroughly read the manual and learned that the DS-69A
is an improved version of the original DS-69. This new
version supports the use of a color video camera and a 6 Y'
cable for disk operations, and digitizes a picture four times
faster than the original. I've also learned that the DS-69A,
like the DS-69, comes in either a cassette or disk version,
and functions identically except for the 1/ O. The manual
indicates that the first step is to run the config program on
the C-SEE III program disk.
I determine that you dont need to have the hardware/
video part set up just to configure the system. I run the
config basic program. It asks if I have DS-69 or DS-69A
and whether I am using a PBJ C-C Bus, Radio Shack
Multipak or a 'Y' cable. (I have the Multipak.) Then it asks
which slot I'll be using for the DS-69 A ROM Pak. Next,
it asks whether I'll be using Co Co Max or MagiGraph, so
it can automatically add the proper extension to the five-
level mode pictures when saved to disk. (The 16-level picture
disk saves use the extension PIX.)
Finally, it lists about 15 different printer types and asks
which one I'll be using. Epson is one of them and I have
an old Epson, but I have my Tandy DMP-130 hooked up
to the system. The DMP-130 is not listed on the screen
menu, so I try putting the DMP-130 in the IBM mode,,
which is supposed to be the same as an Epson. No go. It's;
got all those extra little line feeds that make the printout
look like it has been run through a paper shredder. (Micro
Works includes three demo pictures on the disk that can be
loaded in and printed out for this testing.)
- | ■ I I 1 IV(
• .mm
■
Sample DS-69 A Digisector screen dump
While the DMP-130 is still in the IBM print mode, I try
the Gemini printer driver (IVe had success with this before).
I get a whole printout, but it is really squashed. Got to be
something better than this. I check the manual, which has
several pages about printer drivers. It gives technical data
on how to write a custom driver in machine language. It
says you can even receive sample source codes from Micro
Works to use as a guide in writing one. It also mentions that
if you do write a custom driver, they would like you to pass
a copy on to them and they will distribute it as public
domain software to others who might need a similar driver.
Finally, they indicate that you should give them a call before
you write a driver, because they might already have one they
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1 40 THE RAINBOW November 1 986
could send you. This is Saturday, however, so I can't call.
Back to the printer menu on the screen. I notice quite a
few Tandy. DMP printers listed, but not the DMP- 130, so
I put the printer back into the Tandy mode and begin trying.
The DMP-120 and DMP-245 drivers don't work. I try the
DMP- 100 driver. Eureka! Success at last. The five-level scan
picture, BEAR/ MGF, prints a small 2% by 4*4 inch picture.
The two 16-level pictures produce 6!4 by 8 inch pictures.
(I later learn the pictures are about the same size on the
Epson printer, but that they may vary greatly in size on
other printers.) Time for a break while I study the manual
for the hardware/ video set-up.
SATURDAY, MUCH LATER P.M. Time for serious
use of the CoCo. I install the DS-69A ROM Pak in the
Multipak slot one, and hook up my VCR (the Digisector
will use any standard NTSC direct video input). Then I run
a standard RCA plug-type video cable from the direct video
output of the VCR to the RCA socket on top of the DS-
69A ROM Pak. Now it's time to fire up the VCR and the
CoCo and boot up the configured C-SEE III program.
The program is menu driven, and optional joysticks may
be used instead of keyboard input. I start a prerecorded
video tape running and start out with the five-level scan,
command 'G' on the menu. I learned from the manual that
the five-level scan is the quickest of all the digitizing modes.
The DS-69A breaks up a video picture into five different
gray levels or brightness levels. If you look at a black and
white photograph in a newspaper with a magnifying glass
youll get a good idea of what I'm talking about. Notice that
the different areas in the news photo are made up of tiny
dots and the density of those dots creates the light and dark
areas of the photo. A proper five-level printout should have
five distinct areas of grayness or brightness, with the totally
black areas being completely filled with dots and the totally
white areas being completely devoid of dots.
The C-SEE III program provides me with some control
over these areas, since it has on-screen brightness and
contrast controls that operate much like they would on a
television set. By using these in conjunction with the 'G'
command I can just watch my CoCo monitor, make any
adjustments to the display, and then press the T' key on
the keyboard or the left joystick firebutton to save a video
picture. The picture is "taken" almost instantaneously. I can
review the picture by using the 'NT command, which toggles
back and forth between the menu and the five-level picture
graphics page. (If the action on the VCR is too fast, the
manual recommends freezing the picture before "taking" or
digitizing it.)
Next, I shift to the printer menu, make sure the printer
Baud rate is correct, press the menu command to print a
five-level picture and watch the printer go. Pretty neat so
far. If I want to save this picture I can go back to the main
menu, then to the disk menu, and save it to disk. Uh oh,
look at the clock. I have to work tomorrow too. Reluctantly,
I shut everything down for the night.
SUNDAY, P.M. Home from work, chores done. Now
back to the CoCo and the DS-69A. Yesterday, I was
working on the five-level pictures. These are the only ones
that are saved as binary picture files, which can be loaded
and displayed from a basic program or loaded into several
of the numerous graphic drawing programs and worked on.
You merely have to change the extension in some cases. The
C-SEE III program will even save them on a Graphcom
Picture Disk in the Graphcom format. The possibilities of
editing, manipulating and printing are endless. This also
means that if you are unsatisfied with the smallness of the
C-SEE III five-level printout, you can load the file into
another program that makes a bigger printout. Addition-
ally, it means that you can share your digitized pictures with
others and they don't have to have a DS-69 or DS-69A
system to print them out.
Today though, I am going to work on the 16-level gray
scale pictures. The five-level pictures are good but the
picture resolution is rather limited, with only five tones of
brightness. Since the human eye normally is only able to
perceive 20 to 30 levels of brightness at one time, 16 levels
should be great.
The Digisector with the C-SEE program has two modes
of 16-level reproductions. One mode scans 128 vertical by
128 horizontal points of brightness across a video picture;
the other mode is 256 by 256. Each one of these points is
classified by the computer into one of the 16 levels of
grayness or brightness and stored in an array in the
computer's memory. Because of the hardware limitations of
the CoCo, a full 16-level picture cannot be displayed on the
screen. What you get is an averaged three-level picture on
the screen. You still have the ability to control the brightness
and contrast as in the five-level mode, though. Therefore,
you have to do some experimenting to get the right levels
for printing out. Also, the scans take much longer,
particularly the 256 by 256 mode, so "freeze frame" on the
VCR is essential.
The resulting picture is not saved to the disk as a binary
picture file, but as a data file just as it is stored in memory.
The 128 by 128 mode makes a four-granule file, and the 256
by 256 modes make a 15-granule data file. Therefore, you
State: Zip:
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Card # Exp. Data:
Mail to: SPECTROGRAM MAGAZINE /
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November 1986 THE RAINBOW 141
wz
MAGAZINE FOR COLOR COMPUTER USERS.
Spectrogram Magazine provides useful and interesting support
material with a wide range of programs and articles by some of
the best writers and programmers available.
*TELEGRAM by Bobby Ballard: A monthly column concern-
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*DOWNTIME by Rush Caley: Little-known facts, new and
different ideas, opinions, and an occasional criticism or two.
*BASIC HELP by Bill Bernico: Answers to your questions
concerning the Color Computer and the BASIC language.
*PASCAL PROGRAMMING by Delmar Searls: An in-depth
study of Pascal and how to use it effectively.
Assembly, C, OS-9, REM statements as data storage, floating
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programs are a steady diet, and all the programs in Spectrogram
are available on tape or disk. Spectrogram Magazine could become
the most Informative addition to your Color Computer system!
cannot load and display these files with a regular graphics
program.
I "shot" a few 16-level pictures from the VCR tape and
printed them out. They made remarkable graphic pictures.
The best were close-ups of the actors with light backgrounds
and front-lighted faces. However, getting good printouts at
the 16-level modes does require a good deal more "fiddling"
with the contrast and brightness controls of the C-SEE
program. Time to hit the sack again. More "serious" work
tomorrow after work.
MONDAY, P.M. Time to hook up a video camera and
see what the DS-69A will do. I dig out my color video
camera and plug it into the VCR. (It is possible to get an
old closed-circuit video camera and plug it directly into the
DS-69A ROM Pak.) This time, as recommended by the
Digisector manual, I also hook up a monitor off a tee on
the line between the VCR and the DS-69 A ROM Pak, so
I can compose my shots with the video camera.
I soon learn that even though I am using one of those
"low-light" video cameras, I get better indoor pictures if I
use an augmented light source. Front lighting and a light
background work best. I draft the kids as models. The five-
level picture is fast and works fine. Even the 16-level, 128
by 128 mode is pretty fast, but the 16-level, 256 by 256 mode
soon gets to be a chore for active kids. Even a few seconds
of absolute stillness seems like an eternity to them. I do get
some very good printouts though.
Since it begins to look like 111 have to bind my models
to the chair, I decide to try another test. I cut out a few
pages of models from a clothing catalog. With the zoom lens
on my video camera, they make perfect models. They don't
move, they don't chew gum, they don't blink, and they don't
suddenly have to go to the bathroom in the middle of a long
scan.
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SYSTEM TWO
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I spend the rest of the evening "shooting" pictures, trying
different light arrangements, saving pictures to disk,
printing reams of paper — in short, running the DS-69A
and C-SEE III software through all the various tests I can
devise. I only come up with two complaints. First, the speed
limitations of the CoCo and the time it takes to do a 16-
level, 256 by 256 mode scan, and second, the lack of an
"abort print" command to abort a printout of the larger 16-
level picture. It only takes a few printed lines to tell you
that you didn't quite get this one right.
TUESDAY, P.M. Home from work. Time to get to the
technical part of the review. First, the manual. As I
mentioned it is 26 pages long. It contains sufficient
information for the beginner, as well as more detailed
information for the technically oriented user or pro-
grammer. It explains how to use some of the additional
programs on the C-SEE disk to get 64 gray levels and 256
by 256 resolution. (The resulting picture file will be 29
granules long or a full 64K in length!) Also, there is
information on how to use the DS-69 A as a motion detector
in a program called Burglar/ Bas. As mentioned before,
there is information on writing your own custom printer
driver. It would have been helpful if Micro Works had
included the source codes in the manual for a couple of the
printer drivers, like the Epson and Radio Shack ones. Also,
a little more needs to be said in the manual about modifying
the config basic program to install a custom printer driver.
OK then, time to examine the hardware. The ROM Pak
is black plastic, without a sliding door to protect the card
edge connector. The manual warns that it contains MOS
integrated circuitry, which may be damaged by static
electricity, so don't touch the exposed card edge. In addition
to the RCA socket for the video cable connection, it also
has a small screwdriver access hole so that some adjustments
can be made to the width of a picture to adjust those printers
that cannot seem to get the width-to-height aspect ratio
right. The edge connector is not gold plated.
WEDNESDAY, P.M. Time to write the review. If I can
get this thing done, 111 have a long weekend to play before
I have to start getting ready to ship everything to RAINBOW.
I collect all my notes and reams of printed out pictures. I
need a new printer ribbon. The newer the ribbon, the better
the picture quality.
Micro Works' advertisements indicate they have been
working in the area of video digitizers since 1977. Their
expertise really shows in the DS-69A; it does an excellent
job. The results are every bit as good as the digitized photos
you get at the local fairgrounds. In fact, with recent
advertisements for transfer printer ribbons, if someone
would come up with a program to "flip" the 16-level gray
scale pictures, you could probably print your own photo
T-shirts, calendars, and scarfs with your favorite Digisector
DS-69A digitized photo.
Micro Works provides a one-year warranty on hardware,
as long as the case is not opened. They also offer a refund-
satisfaction guarantee. If you are not completely satisfied
with the performance of the DS-69 A, you may return it,
undamaged, within 10 days for a full refund. They'll even
pay for the return shipping cost. However, from my all-too-
brief experience with it, I bet they don't have very many
folks taking them up on their refund offer.
«
(The Micro Works, P.O. Box 1110, Del Mar, CA 92014,
64K disk or cassette, $149.95)
1 42 THE RAINBOW November 1 986
Software RevieWi
Pick a Winner:
Proboloto Version 2.0
Probaloto by Gary Olander is a program used for
selecting lottery numbers and numbers for other games of
chance. I refer readers to the review of the first version,
which appeared in the October '85 issue, for details of
program operation.
Probaloto can be used to choose numbers from a selected
range to suit the requirements of the particular lottery to
be played. For example, when used for what is called the
regular lottery game, Probaloto can pick six numbers from
one to 40. The numbers selected can be strictly random if
desired, but the real power of the program is geared towards
making weighted random selections. To utilize this feature,
lists of past winning numbers (available at ticket sales
locations) are entered into a data file. Using this data file,
selections can be weighted towards either the most picked
or least picked numbers, depending on your philosophy
regarding the workings of lady luck. The weighted selection
procedure operates as if you place numbers in a hat in
proportion (direct or inverse) to how many times that
number has been picked. Selection from the hat is then
random, but weighted. All of this is easily accomplished
with this menu-driven program.
Version 2.0 includes several new features and improve-
ments over the first version. After printing or saving a data
file with the old version, the user was returned to the
beginning of the program with initial questions about the
particular lottery being played. I suggested it would be more
efficient to return to the main menu at this point, and
Version 2.0 does just that. The new version also makes it
easy to return to the main menu if you make an error while
entering a data file, or to exit Probaloto without going to
the main menu. The new Reset option makes it easy to reset
the printer or the specifications of the lottery. In addition,
Probaloto now checks the amount of memory and automat-
ically adjusts the data file to that size to allow large data
files to be used even with 16K machines.
CoCo Trend
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15001 Glory Dr. Huntsville, Alabama 35803
(205) 880-COCO (2626)
Call or write for free catalog.
For most purposes, Probaloto sorts the numbers selected.
When selecting three or fewer numbers with Version 2.0, the
numbers are not sorted. This is so the weighted selection
procedure can be used to pick win, place and show in ahorse
race. With the printed odds entered into a data file and
weighting done towards the least picked, first, second and
third places can be selected randomly, weighted by the odds.
Of my criticisms mentioned in the prior review, only one
remains. The data file printout still consists of a narrow
column of figures near the left margin, using more paper
than would be necessary if it were better formatted. Mr.
Olander responded, pointing out that not knowing how
many numbers are to be printed makes formatting difficult.
From my programming experience, I have to agree — but
I know it can be done. As the printout for a one to 48 lottery
still takes less than one sheet, my criticism is very minor.
Probaloto is easy to use and does just what it purports
to do. Version 2.0 does it even better. I would recommend
it to anyone interested in using their CoCo to attempt to
pick winners.
(Gary Olander, 322 Haymarket PI., Gahanna, OH 43230,
16K ECB tape or 32K ECB disk, $19.95)
— Stanley Townsend
TANDY COMPUTER
DISCOUNTS
COLOR COMPUTERS
26-3127 64k color comp
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November 1 986 THE RAINBOW 1 43
Hardware Reviewi
Liberate Your CoCo With
PBH-64 Print Buffer
Most of us are familiar with the advantages of a software
printer spooler that stores text in protected RAM, allowing
the computer to do other tasks while the printer prints the
stored text. On the CoCo, however, there are distinct
disadvantages to software spooling — specifically, that
valuable memory is used and computer I/O functions are
slowed down.
The PBH-64 Print Buffer solves both of these problems,
and at the same time provides a serial-to-parallel interface.
With this easily-attached device, your text is stored in its
own 64K memory leaving CoCo completely free to go about
other tasks without I/O slowdown. It still takes time,
however, to fill the PBH's memory, so the longer the text
or program listing, the longer it will take for CoCo to be
ready to do something else.
As a test, I printed out a 10K Telewriter-64 file at 9600
Baud through both the PBH and my trusty old serial-to-
parallel interface. The difference was impressive! The PBH
was filled in 18.54 seconds. At that point, my CoCo was
able to go about any other task I wanted it to do because
the printer was now being controlled by the PBH-64 Print
Buffer. It took two minutes and 39 seconds to print the file
through my parallel-to-serial interface. I was so impressed
Formaker
clean paperwork for business
"It will give the small or home business professional-looking
forms and effortless, errorless totals, accounting for taxes,
discounts, shipping and deposits"
The rainbow, May 1986
RAINBOW
CERTIFICATION
menu driven
customize for your company
on screen Instructions
creates: Invoice, quote, purchase order,
mall order, receipt, letter
printer customization £ /l n
and much, much more ^4SJ
"You have to look good to the customer . .
helps . . . by providing neat, well-prepared forms . . "
The rainbow, May 1986
32K ECB dlSC
This program
Makes learning so much fun . .
. . . that kids think it's a game!
Letter and number recognition. Ages 2 to 6
RAINBOW
CERTIFICATION
SEAL
$24
32K ecb disc or tape
"if you are looking for a program to teach young children
the alphabet, numbers and early vocabulary, SUPER TUTOR
may fit the bill." The rainbow, June 1986
Send for more information:
Challenger Software
42 4th Street
Pennsburg, PA 18073
Call (215) 679-8792 (Evenings)
with the ability of the PBH to control the printer, I even
turned off the computer while printing continued! This is
not recommended, since AC-line spikes can occur which
could cause malfunctions in printing, but is does make you
a believer.
There is no printer Baud rate select switch on the PBH-
64 Print Buffer. All there is, besides a power-on light, is 2
button labeled CLEAR that must be pressed whenever you
want to load in different text or change the printer Baud
rate from its previous speed. You can select printer speed
by simply typing the familar POKE 150 , X or adding the POKE
into your BASIC programs. Just like CoCo, this device
defaults to 600 Baud.
The only negative point I can see with this unit is that
it does not contain a "repeat" or a "copy" button to allow
multiple copies of the text in its memory. After talking to
PBH's president, Jim Baxter, I learned that while he agrees
it would be a desirable feature, it would require additional
I.C. chips and components that would not fit on the existing
printed circuit board. He felt the added cost could not be
justified in terms of added sales. Who knows, maybe if they
get enough requests for the feature it can be added on later
models. Or perhaps some hardware hacker will come up
with a modification to this current version that will
incorporate the feature.
The unit is well-built and housed in an off-white plastic
box to match the present CoCo color. It comes well-
packaged, and includes a plug-in wall transformer for its
power source. Also furnished is a cable to attach the unit
to any Centronics-compatible printer. (I used it with a
Gemini-lOX.)
Hook-up is a snap. Plug in the power source and connect
the furnished ribbon cable between your printer and the
PBH-64. You will have to supply your own serial printer
cable (RS 26-3020) to connect your CoCo to the PBH-64.
I like this product. It's easy to use and comes with an
illustrated four-page instruction manual that even includes
a schematic. (How about that, hardware hackers?) So, if you
would like the convenience a hardware printer spooler
offers, you will like what this product can do.
(Spectrum Projects Inc., P.O. Box 264, Howard Beach, NY
11414, $149.95 plus $3 S/H)
— Jerry Semones
CoCo Repairs
• • • $25 Plus Parts • • •
HARDWARE MODIFICATIONS
Front Panel Controls
Monitor Drivers
UPS Memory Backup
Memory Upgrades
Keyboard Upgrades
ROM Upgrades
AND MANY MORE!
Special Requirements? Just let us know.
Rowe Electronics Co., Inc.
5137 Goldman Dr. • Birmingham, Al 35210
(205) 956-4943
144
THE RAINBOW November 1986
Software Review*
Challenging LEO
Keeps You on Your Toes
In this game you must explore the planet Leonax.
Although you have a tank with an adjustable cannon, your
fuel and ammunition are limited. As you go exploring, you
will notice Leo eggs scattered through the levels. From these
eggs hatch various types of Leo creatures who do their
utmost to destroy you. Your ultimate goal is to survive as
long as possible.
LEO requires 64K and two joysticks, is available in disk
or cassette versions and uses the high-speed POKE. If your
computer can't utilize the high-speed POKE, this software
won't run.
The game is nicely packaged, but the instruction sheet
contains only the barest minimum to get you started.
Figure 1: Although the photo is shown in black and white,
the actual Hi-Res game screen is in color.
Learning to play the game is a matter of trial and error as
you try to figure out what is going on. For instance, you
are told that flags and pylons replenish your fuel and
ammunition, but you are not told that you must leave the
tank in order to pick them up.
After loading and executing this machine language game,
you are treated to a lengthy display of the title and copyright
with some cute graphics. Unfortunately, any time you are
killed you must sit through this long display before you can
start playing again.
You need to use both joysticks, the space bar and the
ENTER key to play. The left joystick controls the forward
speed of the tank as long as you still have fuel. The right
joystick aims the cannon. Shooting straight up or down
usually destroys the tank. Pressing the space bar fires the
cannon. Of course, this only works if you are in the tank
and have ammunition left. Pressing the enter key allows
you to exit the tank. While on foot you can move forward
or backward, and traveling on foot conserves fuel.
Each screen consists of eight floor levels scattered with
Leo eggs, fuel flags and ammunition pylons. (See Figure 1.)
The Hi-Res graphics are cute but unsophisticated. You must
work your way down the eight levels and leave the screen
to get to the next screen. The types of Leos and the
placement of flags and pylons are different each time, but
otherwise the screens are identical.
There is no score other than the number of screens you
survive. Your tank cannon is a stun gun and can be used
to blow holes in the floor (for a shortcut) or to immobilize
a Leo. If you take too long to reach the bottom of the screen,
the Leo will wake up and chase you again.
In order to collect flags and pylons you must leave the
tank and travel on foot. This is also the only way to travel
backward. If the tank is destroyed or runs out of fuel (or
if you simply like danger), you can abandon it and continue
on foot. You can sometimes maneuver a Leo into cutting
through the floors and you can then use the holes as
shortcuts. If you lose or abandon the tank, you receive a
new tank when you reach the next screen.
Occasionally, between screens, a bonus round of target
practice gives you extra fuel and ammunition. There seems
to be no way, however, to predict when these bonus rounds
will occur.
LEO is fun and challenging to play. There is no single
strategy or easy pattern to follow. Instead, you can easily
spend many enjoyable hours trying out new tricks to get
past the Leos.
If you are tired of mindless shoot-'em-ups, give LEO a
try.
(Lomiq Inc., c.p. 105, Succursale A, Jonquiere, Quebec,
Canada G7X 7V8, cassette $24; disk $26.95)
— James Ventling
ADOS
ENHANCED, EPROM-ABLE
DISK BASIC
Now, you can supercharge Basic with an impressive array of extra features
WITHOUT sacrificing compatibility! ADOS is compatible with virtually 100% of
commercial software, Customizing utilities are provided to allow user-defined
command abbreviations, baud rate, step rate, tracks per disk (35 or 40). support of
double-sided drives, and more. After customizing ADOS, you can have it burned into
an EPROM that plugs into the Disk Basic ROM socket, or just use it in RAM as a 64K
disk utility. (EPROM + burning will cost about $20-we provide information
concerning how you can have this done.) Features include: • repeat and edit of the
last direct-mode command • 26 definable control-key abbreviations • automatic line-
number prompts • DOS command • lowercase command entry (a fine complement to
a Lowerkit or PBJ WordPak) • COPY (filename) to (drive number) • AE error override
oplion ■ RAM command (64K) • RUNM command • text echoing to printer • ML
monitor • text file scan • enhanced directory ■ error trapping • hi res text utility
included (42. 51. or 64 characters per hnel
"I COULD NOT FIND ANY SOFTWARE THAT WOULD NOT RUN UNDER ADOS."
THE RAINBOW, December 1984
7 LOVB ADOSI -..A GENUINELY FIRST RATE PRODUCT."
Color Micro Journal, February 1985
"I WONT PART WITH MY AOOS EPROM FOR ANYTHING . . . NO COMPATIBILITY
PROBLEMS."
Hot CoCo.May 1985
Disk S27.95
THE PEEPER
ML PROGRAM TRACER
Monitor machine-language programs AS THEY ARE RUNNING! Peeper actually
timeshares with the target program, giving FULL CONTROL as ML programs run.
Switch instantly between watching regular program output and Peeper s trace of
registers and stack on screen or printer. Inspect memory in any of 26 display modes.
Execution speed can be varied from full speed to the barest crawl, or halted entirely,
as programs run. Single-stepping, breakpoints, memory or register examine/change.
Relocatable, supports 64K use (16K required) See February '85 review.
Disk. $23.95 Tape $21.95 Assembler source listing Add 3.00
THE NEXT BEST THING TO A DISK DRIVE
Fastape allows cassette I/O at 3000 baud -TWICE NORMAL SPEED. It uses the high-
speed (POKE 65495.0) mode, and makes it convenient to stay in this mode
throughout. Features automatic adjustment of cassette and printer parameters when
speod mode is changed. Control-key functions for many Basic commands and for
changing speed modes Compatible with all file types, and can be used with
Telewriter 64 and many other tape utilities (16K required) See July '83 review.
T^w . . .t**rfe 11 i.W ; HEff DlfrCOUH? pmr.w i
SPECTROSYSJEMS
♦4o delay on personal checks
Please aciO $ t > OU pMipWPU Fuirry
11111 N Kendall Drive,
Suite A 108
Miami. Florida 33176
(305) 274-3899 .Oay ur
no credit t ards or COD s
November 1986 THE RAINBOW 145
Software Review!
Organize Your Amway
Business With CoCoachiever
CoCoachiever was developed for the Color Computer by
T&M Enterprises. It requires a 64K Color Computer and
one disk drive. The program was written by and for Amway
businesses and distributors, and allows you to keep track
of distributors, orders, PV-BV bonuses and price lists. The
current version of the program contains prices for May 1,
1986.
The system contains a loader menu which allows you to
select a printer Baud rate. Once selected, the program loads
in the Master menu. Before the menu is displayed, the
computer loads the stock numbers. In fact, the stock
numbers are loaded every time you go from one part of the
program to another. This is because each menu application
has its own basic program, which is automatically loaded.
This is great for organization and development of a software
package, but it does slow things down a bit!
Distributors are entered into the program by name and
ADA number. There are prompts for Sponsor's Name and
PV-BV.
Other items on the Distributor menu allow you to List
Distributors, Review/ Revise PV-BV, Calculate PV-BV
Bonuses, Add Miscellaneous PV-BV Items and Return to
the Master menu. For most functions, a hard copy can be
obtained by answering the prompts. Your printer must be
online or the program will hang up.
The Master menu has three items: Input or Check Orders,
Distributors menu and Price List menu. To enter or check
orders, insert the date and distributor number, then list
quantity and item number (stock number). The printed copy
is an invoice or packing list for filled orders. There are some
nice features here, including the capability of handling
returns, exchanges, tax and charges. By entering the stock
number, the items are listed (or printed) out with all
information, including the price that was stored on the
program disk. The completed order contains the item totals,
the PV and BV, the wholesale and retail amounts, sales tax
and handling charge.
The Price List menu requires a password. Once entered,
you can input/ add to the price list, change the price list by
stock number, change the price list by record number or
print the price list.
The CoCoachiever is a menu-driven system that is well-
developed and easy to use. The printed documentation is
brief (five pages) but adequate. For someone in the Amway
business, this program could help tremendously in organ-
izing and keeping up with records. In the words of the
Amway system, "Go arid grow, and we will see you at the
top!"
(T&M Enterprises, 2301 Cromwell Drive, St. Maries, ID
83861, $49.95)
— J.D. Ray
THE BEST SELLING COCO DIGITIZER
JUST GOT BETTER . . . $125.00
<2l
J GRAPHICOM/ UiDEQ DJGJTJZER
Input directly into Graphical for easy ffthaetoemems, rranipulMkni , stamping,
and slornr, Accepls composite video signal in (1 ,Qv p-p) from video camera,
8vc:w, vkJko ±\<; p layer, and her computer, or oilier cooipaEibic video sources.
View "oFf air 1 h or Ld VCR" dtgiiiied video *! c lose to real-time (a full 1 3 frames a
second!!). "Snapiftal" video frame* to [he digitizer's interna] memory.
Use wilh your muLli-pak, H 'Y" hoa„ or a ,b Y n| cable ("Y" Bos Cal. No. 162CH
|S available ai s "r p ctble Cat. No. 1 available it Sl9-M>
Video Is input via a RCA phono connector. External controls Tor HORIZON-
f , TAL POSITION, VERTICAL POSITION, HORIZONTAL WIDTH.
WT BRIGHTNESS! and COMTKAST <FU2Z> ttttlni*.
■ ■ Don't be Fooled by imitations ... this is Lhe GRAPHICOM VIDEO
' DIGITIZER
WF REQUIRES 64K COCO, 1 DISK DRIVE, AND 1 ANALOG JOYSTICKS. A
£Mi b'Ki'.Y. r;HAFllIcr.LM P HOC! HAM, AND PICTURE DISK ARE SUPPLIED
WITH PURCHASE OF VIDEO DIGITIZER f A.SSO VALUE} . . . NEW LOW
E>KIC:.t.! HI5.IW
ADD $5.00 FOR HANDLING • SHIPPED FREE, FEDERAL EXPRESS
4 C jw gj
Check or M.O.
INC.
(215) 946-7260 P.O. BOX 207 • LANGHORNE, PA 19047
146
THE RAINBOW November 1986
PA residents
add 6 %
sales tax
Software Reviewi
Paper Route Delivers Action
Ever since I saw the first few Diecom games, I have had
an admiration for their quality and graphics. So I was
thrilled to receive Paper Route to review. When I opened
the package, I thought WOW!, this is going to be great, and
I was right. Paper Route is an excellent example of
Diecom's commitment to superior quality and graphics.
Paper Route is a 64K action game that requires one
joystick. It is made for only one player. The object of the
game is to direct a paperboy along his normal route, while
delivering newspapers to his customers. This is by no means
an easy task. The customers' houses are marked with red
doors. You must deliver a newspaper to each house every
day, or the customer will cancel his subscription.
You start out with 10 newspapers to deliver. At various
points along the way, you find extra papers (in stacks of
10) that you can pick up by riding over them with your bike.
As the game progresses, these papers will be in fewer and
harder places.
Bonus points are awarded for many things. First,
breakage points are awarded for knocking over garbage
cans and tombstones, and for smashing windows. Also, at
the end of each delivery, you are awarded 250 points for
each house you successfully deliver to. If you deliver to all
the houses, then you have made a "perfect run" and you
get 500 points for each house. Your accumulated bonus, or
breakage points, are added to your score at the end of each
day's delivery. Also, bonus men are awarded every 20,000
points.
Your delivery is not an easy task at all. There are many
obstacles that get in the way, such as potholes in the
sidewalk, people on the sidewalks (some are throwing
boomerangs), fences, holes and cars. In the later screens,
you encounter running dogs and remote-controlled mini-
cars. If you purchase this game, don't expect to get past the
first screen the first week you have it. This game is not easy!
Paper Route has a pause function and a high-score board,
which is erased each time you turn the computer off.
A slight problem with this game is the sound effects.
However, I enjoyed it from the day I opened the package,
and I highly recommend Paper Route for all CoCo game
players. Diecom knows what it's doing.
(Diecom Products, 6715 Fifth Line, Milton, Ontario,
Canada L9T 2X8, tape or disk, $28.95, $38.95 Cnd.)
— Pat Downard
'T MISS THE FUN
DONT MISS THE INFORMATION
Make plans now for
RAINBOWfest Chicago
Hyatt Regency Woodfield on '
Introducing
White Fire
Of Eternity
White Fire is a full 64K
super animated graphic
adventure. In an age of
magic and monsters, you
are lost in the forbidden
woods trying to get out.,.
Disk $24.95
CGP-220
Screen Dump
A graphics screen dump utility for the
CGP-220 Ink Jet Printer. Features include
Fast machine language, four-color and
one-color versions, special CoCo Max
version, user selectable colors, regular or
double-size printout 16K
Tape $14.95 Disk $17.95
5.25 SSDD (or only .85 ea.
Quality Media • Hub Rings
Write Protect Tabs • Tyvec Env.
Save! Order 60+ AO ea.
Adventure In
Mythology
By Scott Cabit
An animated graphics adventure Battle
monsters and discover treasures as you
assume the personalities of various
heroes in ancient Greek mythoiogv' Your
goal is to win the hand of the beautrfui
Atalonta. the swift-running huntress But
beware of the perils and obstacles that
stand in your way as you joumey througn
ancient Greece! Four-voice music ana
sound effects, auto-matic speech when
using a Tandy SSC speech pak Load and
Save feature. Over 250 locations 64K
machine lan-guage
Tape $21 .95 Disk $24.95
More Great Software!!!!
Eagle
Lunar Lander 32K
Marooned!
Graphic Adventure. 32K Disk
Blackjack Dealer
With Feeler Dealer. 32K
Alpha 40+
Formats 40+ Tracks. 32K Disk.
$2195* Maycode $21.95*
6809 Disassembler, 32K
$24.95 Menu Maker $19.95
ML Utility. 32K Disk
$21.95* Hires+ $19.95
Screen Enhancer. 16K Tape
$19.95 64K Print Spooler $9.95
64KTape
'Add $3.00 For Disk
SSQUBtO 4137 E Bermuda
f\ f Tucson. AZ 85712
SOftWSre (602)881^6786
1
Add $2.00 for Shipping • C.O.D. Order Add $3.00
Ariiona Residents Add 7% Tax • Dealer Inquires Invited
Call Or Write For Free Catalog!
Authors- We're Seeking Good Software Nowl
¥
November 1 986 THE RAINBOW 1 47
Software Revie iv— JS^ S
Facilitate Learning With
Flash Card Drill
If you're a teacher, parent or student preparing for a test,
you may want to be aware of Flash Card Drill by Thompson
House. This program helps drill students and others, just
like the familiar "flash cards" used in classrooms and homes
by teachers and parents.
Almost everyone has come into contact at one time or
another with the "flash card" concept. A word or picture
is shown to a student and a short response is needed. For
example, for learning state capitals, the state Washington
is shown and the correct response would be its capital,
Olympia. (Dont feel bad if you missed it — that's a tricky
one!)
The CoCo and the Flash Card Drill program can help
in this endeavor. And the program can be customized to
meet your needs — whether they be state capitals, foreign
language words or any other topic that needs short
responses such as a flash card calls for. Being a math teacher,
I found that it also generates math flash card lessons such
as addition and multiplication facts.
Flash Card Drill is on disk and consists of two specific
programs — FLASH/ BAS and FCD/ BAS. With these core
programs, separate data files for various flash card types
can be generated and saved for further use.
Unfortunately, no other documentation is sent with the
disk. Thompson House could help immensely by providing
start-up instructions and perhaps taking the user through
a sample session.
To start Flash Card Drill, type RUN "FLASH ". A title screen
appears and then the program automatically runs FCD/
BAS.
At this point, there is a prompt for whether teacher
instructions are needed. The instructions given on the screen
prompt the teacher through a process to develop a practice
lesson to be run by the student.
The main menu consists of three options: Teacher Menu,
Student Menu and Run a Program. The Teacher Menu
allows composing lessons, saving lessons and an option to
return to the main menu. The Student Menu allows the user
to make his own lesson, load a previously-saved lesson, load
a lesson consisting of errors from a previous session or run
a program.
When the user begins to compose a lesson, one drawback
is immediately apparent. Flash Card Drill uses the CoCo's
graphics screen display, and because of this and the size of
the characters produced by the program, the length of the
questions and answers is limited to a maximum of 12
characters. This is fine for many purposes, but being a
teacher, I found it a little restrictive. However, since the
flash card concept usually involves very short responses, this
may not be a problem for many users. This drawback is not
a fault of the program, but simply the result of using the
graphics display screen with the large characters developed
for the program.
Up to 30 questions and answers can be entered per lesson,
a reasonable number to work with during a session. Aftei
entering your desired questions and answers, an edit feature
is built in, which helps perfect and correct your lessons.
They can then be saved on tape or disk.
The flash card lesson itself consists of a graphics screen
with general instructions such as Give answer, Name
capital or any other desired directions, along with the
questions. The questions can be displayed either randomly,
or in the order they were entered.
As you progress through the lesson, a scorecard of the
number of correct responses is given at the bottom of the
screen. If an incorrect response is given by the student or
child, the same question appears again and again until the
correct response is entered. This can be a very frustrating
experience for the user. It would be better if, after a pre-
determined number of incorrect responses, the correct
response were provided and a new question displayed. If
the student does get stuck on a question, he can press the
slash key ( / ) to move on to the next question, but this does
not help him learn what the correct response was.
The sessions consist of at least 10 questions, even if your
initial set-up had less than 10 questions. (The questions are
repeated until at least 10 questions have been asked.) If you
have a file of more than 10 questions, then 30 questions are
asked, with some of them repeated, until 30 questions have
been presented. Remember that a maximum of 30 questions
is possible with Flash Card Drill.
After a session, the user is given a listing of the missed
questions and answers. This error trapping is useful for both
student and teacher, since feedback is a necessary part of
the educational process.
After viewing the missed questions and answers, an
option is given to either save errors or continue to practice.
There is no option to end the session or return to the main
menu at this point, which is another choice that should be
offered to the user.
The Save Errors option enables the user to save the
missed problems on disk, tape or printer. The printer option
produces a nicely formatted "report card" of missed
questions and answers.
In summary, Flash Card Drill is an educational program
for the CoCo that is simple to use by teacher, parent, student
or child. It enables lessons to be composed by the teacher,
or even by the student, in a relatively easy way. Lessons can
be saved and then loaded for further use, and the program
is error-trapped for convenience and feedback. It can be
used for words, short phrases and math problem flash card
generation.
Flash Card Drill is definitely worth a place in many
educational and home environments. If you're a teacher or
parent who likes to customize lessons for your class or child,
then Flash Card Drill is a program you may want in your
software library.
(Thompson House, P.O. Box 58, Kamloops, British
Columbia, Canada V2C 5K3, 32K disk, $22.95)
— Donald A. Turowski
1 48 THE RAINBOW November 1 986
Software Review*
CyberTank Won't Let You Go
To tell the truth, when I first realized I was to review a
game, I was somewhat disappointed. It seems that most
games IVe run across become uninteresting and even
annoying after several plays. If you are one of the many
people who feel the same way, I think you will be in for
a pleasant surprise with CyberTank from Mark Data
Products.
CyberTank is a Simulation in which you find yourself in
a futuristic tank besieged by Autonomous Land Vehicles
(ALVs), which are actually four different types of enemy
tanks with varied armaments and capabilities.
You, of course, are not left defenseless. Along with a non-
renewable shield, you have many types of weapons at your
disposal, including B-l stealth plating, radar, cannon and
rockets. However, you only have a limited supply and must
use them judiciously lest you become destroyed before you
can re-supply.
One of the things that makes the game interesting is that
you must be, in effect, three people: the gunner, the loader
and the commander. You have a separate screen for each
one; when and how well you change screens can affect how
long you stay alive.
The gunner's screen is where you will spend most of your
time while in combat. (See Figure 1.) From here you aim
and fire on the enemy. You have a small radar indicator,
so you know from which direction you are being attacked.
You also have fuel and shield gauges.
The loader's screen is where you decide what type of
weapon and munitions to use and make them ready to use.
You also access the supply depot from here.
HO
TIKE
Figure 1: Although
the photo is shown in
black and white, the
actual Hi-Res game
screen is in color.
FUEL
The last screen, the commander's screen, is a cumulative
radar map of the sector you are in currently. (See Figure
2.) The effectiveness of your radar screen is determined by
equipment used by the loader.
a small number of weapons to call upon. However, as you
progress to different sectors via the teleport device you pick
up at the munitions depot, you accumulate more and
deadlier weapons.
The documentation mentions no ultimate goal other than
to kill the enemy and stay alive, and I didn't find a way to
finally win. But to be fair, I only got as far as Sector 7, so
I don't know what happens in later sectors.
The program comes in a nice, black vinyl book, is on a
copy-protected disk and has six pages of documentation.
To use CyberTank you need 64K and one disk drive.
Joysticks are not necessary.
The main complaint I have with CyberTank is the lack
of understandable documents. The reference manual makes
sense after youVe figured out how to play the game, but
doesn't help much the first few times you play.
Figure 2:
Although the
photo is shown in
black and white,
the actual Hi-Res
game screen is in
color.
To sum up, CyberTank takes good strategy and quick
hands to survive, and I've had many enjoyable late night
marathons with it. Hopefully, the documentation will be re-
written; in spite of that, I highly recommend CyberTank,
especially to all of you who have become bored with games.
(Mark Data Products, 24001 Alicia Parkway, No. 207,
Mission Viejo, CA 92691, disk only, $27.95.)
— Bill Totttngham
CSELTJ
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November 1 986 THE RAINBOW 1 49
Software Review <Z> Hardware Review—
Magic and Mystery Surround
The Quest for Reality
Here is an interesting action game for Adventure lovers.
Quest for Reality comes on tape and works on your 32K
ECB CoCo with one joystick. (You must remove your disk
controller.)
As is customary in most Adventure games, you use two-
word commands to move through a maze or cavern in which
you encounter many evil creatures to thwart your progress
toward the goal of locating the "Orb of Reality." At the start
of the Adventure you are supplied with a torch that will burn
for eternity. This torch, a magical bow and an infinite supply
of arrows are all you need to solve this Adventure.
You press N, S, E or W to move about the caverns in which
you have been placed by a mysterious being. The creatures
you encounter soon drain your strength, so you must align
the small, square bow sight over your target and fire quickly.
The creature's strength can be measured during your battle
by the vertical line next to the combat screen. As the
creature's strength decreases, so does the line.
There is also a MAP command you can use to orient
yourself, but I found it to be of little help because of its small
size. As in most Adventures, you also have to gather items
to assist you in your quest.
While this Adventure is OK, it's not great. Quest for
Reality is fun and will keep your interest for a while, but
eventually the action becomes predictable. I did like the
moving eyeball that frequently appeared in the text screen
as if to watch my next move! I enjoy Adventures and I'd
rank this one above average.
(Brainbank Software, Rt.2 Box 1015, Friendsville, TN
37737, $21.95 plus $1.50 S/H)
— David Gerald
PRINTERS!!!
IjEWL Star Micronics NX- 10 s 295
Okidata 192 (Parallel) s 370
Okidata 192 (Serial) $ 425
Okidata 182 $ 240
Silver Reed 550 (Daisy Wheel) *395
Silver Reed 400 (Daisy Wheel)(Par. or Serial) s 200
Other Printers, Monitors, and Accessories for CoCo and IBM upon request.
* 15 off interface with purchase of printer.
Find your cheapest published price and we'll beat it!!!
SP-2 INTERFACE for EPSON PRINTERS:
■ 300-19,200 BAUD rates
■ Fits inside printer — No AC Plugs
■ Optional external switch (*5°° extra) frees parallel port
for use with other computers
■ M9" (plus *3» shipping)
SP-3 INTERFACE for MOST OTHER PRINTERS:
■ 300-19.200 BAUD rates
■ External to printer — No AC Plugs
■ Built in modem /printer switch — no need for Y-cables or
plugging/ unplugging cables
■ $ 64 M (plus *3«> shipping)
Both also available for IBM, RS-232 and Apple IIC computers.
Add a Second Disk Drive In
Minutes With Drive 1 Upgrade
Here is a project that will not only upgrade your present
single-drive system to two drives, but will save you money
at the same time. Although the upgrade does require
breaking the warranty seal on your Radio Shack Drive 0,
the process is simple and quick. And best of all, you will
be proud that you did it yourself.
Drive 1 Upgrade is a single-sided, half-height TEC FB-
501 drive that takes just minutes to mount in your Radio
Shack FD-501 Color Thinline Disk #0 Cabinet (RS #26-
3131). The only tool required is a Phillips head screwdriver.
The seven necessary steps are explained in an easy-to-
understand installation sheet that comes with the well-
packaged disk drive.
After turning off the computer and unplugging the disk
drive, simply unplug the ribbon cable from the rear of your
existing Drive 0. Then remove the six screws (three on each
side) that hold the top of the drive case to the bottom. After
taking off the top cover, remove the black plastic cover on
the front of the drive above Drive 0. This cover will noj
longer be needed.
Next, mount the new Drive 1 above Drive 0 onto the
brackets extending from Drive 0. Four screws for this are
provided with the new drive. Now the power connection is!
made. A white connector with four wires (yellow, white,
black and red) is plugged into the mating connector on the
Drive 1 circuit board. It will only go in one way, so don't
worry about putting it in wrong. The flat ribbon cable
supplied with your Drive 0 has a second connector that up
to now was not being used. Simply plug this gray connector
onto the circuit board, making sure the red line on the cable
is facing the outside of the drive case. The other gray
connector connects to Drive 0 as it did originally. Put the
top cover back on and fasten it with the six screws you took
P.O. Box 293
Raritan, NJ 08869
(201) 722-1055
ENGINEERING
DISK DRIVE SYSTEMS
ALL Vi HEIGHT DOUBLE SIDED
Drive 0 (addressed as 2 drives!) J 235
Drive 0,1 (addressed as 4 drives!) $ 350
All above complete with HDS controller, cable, & drive
in case with power supply
Bare Double Sided Drives $ I09
Dual 'A Height Case w/ Power Supply t $ 49
Double Sided Adapter $ 25
HDS Controller, RS ROM & Instructions $ 99
25 CDC DS/DD Diskettes $ 32 & $ 3 s/h
We use the HDS controller exclusively. Can use 2 different DOS ROM's.
Shipping Costs: $ 5/drive or power supply, $ I0 max.
Co Co Serial Cables IS ft. — *I0. Co Co/RS-232 Cables 15 ft.— $20.
Other cables on request. (Add $ 3 0t) shipping)
1 50 THE RAINBOW November 1 986
lot easier for programmers. With OS-9
Level II the limited memory problems
all but disappear and the new window-
ing environment makes programming
point-and-click software much easier.
So, what would we like to see in our
software Christmas stocking next
Christmas? Let's dream.
Since OS-9 Level II is made for multi-
tasking and multi-view makes window-
ing a snap, maybe someone will come
' up with a management tool like this for
OS-9. Think about the possiblities: In
one window you can access your ro-
lodex with a click of the mouse. Select
a name, click the mouse again and dial
the phone. While you are on the phone
you can study your "to do" list in
another window. Or, open a document
window under one of your headlines
and take notes from the call. If you want
to keep a record of your calls for billing
purposes, you can use the program's
date and time stamp to put the time at
the beginning and end of the notes from
the call. When you hang up, click on
another window and you can look at
your calendar. Select the amount of
time in each segment of your day and
push another button and More creates
a subheadline for each period of the day.
At this point you only need to add your
own assignments or meeting notes.
What else can you do? Select a section
of your outline and pick an option from
a pull-down menu and it instantly prints
a bullet chart you can print directly on
an overhead transparency. If you would
rather have things printed in neat little
boxes, make another menu selection
and a neatly formatted organization
chart pops onto your screen.
What about the items in your "to do"
list that require you to write a letter or
memo? Do you need to quit the pro-
gram and start up a word processing
program? No! You simply click twice on
a marker in front of your headline and
a text window opens and you can create
a document of any length. Of course,
you can also put a document containing
graphics under a headline. Finally, all
or any part of your outline can be
exported to any other word processing
program.
This is advanced idea processing
combined with desktop publishing. I
cant wait to run it on the new CoCo 3.
UNIX Comments From Kevin Kuehl
Kevin Kuehl of Valparaiso, Indiana,
has contributed many excellent pro-
grams to these pages. Recently, after we
published a description of Brian Lantz's
KShell, Kuehl wrote to let us know that
the quote expansion feature Brian
added was not pure UNIX. In fact, he
quoted from a paper and book by
Steven Bourne, author of the famous
Bourne Shell
"There are three quoting systems
used on UNIX systems, the single
quote, the double quote and the escape
character," Bourne wrote. "The single
quote transfers whatever is inside the
pair verbatim to the program. The
double quote transfers everything but
single quotes and escape characters.
The escape character transfers the next
single character to the program."
Kuehl, calling for correct informa-
tion about UNIX in rainbow also gave
examples from a book named The
UNIX System:
echo \?yields?
echo \\yields\
echo xx'***'xx
yieldsxx***xx
echo The date is •date 1
.yieldsThe date is date.
Complete Rainbow Guide to OS-9
Brings Hackers Together
Kevin Darling has sent us a great
story from North Carolina. It seems
that Steve Croom was having problems
with his hard disk drive. When Darling
found out that Croom, a Navy man
stationed on the West Coast, was from
North Carolina, too, and was planning
to come home on leave soon, he sug-
gested that Croom bring the drive and
he would try to fix it.
"As I prepared to leave for the airport
I realized we had no idea of what each
other looked like," Darling said. Trying
to think of an identifying object, I
grabbed The Complete Rainbow Guide
to OS-9 on the way out. When I reached
the arrival gate, I simply sat down and
laid the book on the table next to me.
Sure enough, Steve spotted the book.
"We still can't believe that we never
met before, except on the OS-9 SIG,
and he gave me a $700 hard disk drive
on faith. The only ID he ever saw from
me at the airport was The Complete
Rainbow Guide to O^-P."
We also received a short thank you
note from Eric W. Tilenius. We men-
tioned several months ago that he was
looking for some talented pro-
grammers.
"Thanks to you, IVe been in touch
with some very talented and interesting
people," Tilenius said. He promised us
one of the very first copies of Print Shop
when it comes out. Should be fun!
Databases Are Gold Mines
Since we're talking about telecom-
municating, here's a tip. The databases
managed by the many Special Interest
Groups (SIGs) on most of the commer-
cial services are a gold mine. For exam-
ple, the OS-9 section on RAINBOW'S
CoCo SIG on Delphi is really beginning
to take shape.
Check out Steve Bjork's fantastic
bouncing ball demo program. YouH
have a fantastic demo to show off your
Color Computer if you download the
binary code. And, if you download the
source code, youH see how Steve makes
magic with graphics and animation. If
you need a good screen-oriented editor,
download the Dolphin Technology
Text Processing System from the CoCo
SIG's OS-9 database. It's written in C
and has many machine language rou-
tines to speed up crucial sections of the
program. If you contribute more than
$20 to the author youH receive Version
2.00 of this editor. Version 2.00 has been
expanded and includes merge, block
duplicate, printer output and display
memory, as well as search and replace
features.
OS-9 Level II Program Development
System Has Screen Editor
When you buy OS-9 Level II for
$79.95, you get BASIC09 with it. Now
that's a bargain for high level language
programmers.
There is also a program development
system available that features a screen
editor, assembler and linker.
The screen editor is the SCRED
editor that has been available for other
OS-9 Level II and 68000 systems for
several years.
SCRED is straightforward and easy
to use. It can be used to create or modify
any text file. It lets you do either line
or character oriented editing.
SCRED has three modes, Command,
Edit and Insert. A set of commands is
available in both the Command and
Edit modes. The top line of the terminal
displays the line number your cursor is
on, the column number, the name of the
file being edited, the amount of space
left in your buffer and the mode you are
working in. If your file is larger than the
memory buffer used by SCRED, simply
issue the (More) command when you
want to write out the section of text you
are working on and read in another.
SCRED displays 80 characters on the
200 THE RAINBOW November 1 986
KISSable OS-9
Looking At Blue Sky
For OS-9 Level II
By Dale L. Puckett
Rainbow Contributing Editor
It's been a long wait — but well
worth it. The new Color Computer
3 is simply outstanding. The graph-
ics knock your socks off. With the new
windowing capability that is now a part
of OS-9 Level II and the promised
Multi- View visual shell, we should see
some really super software soon.
It's Time for Frank to
UnFLEX His Bias
As I stared at the outstanding reso-
lution, bright colors and amazing ani-
mation on the new Color Computer 3's
screen, I couldn't help but remember the
debate we had with Frank Hogg in the
May 1984 issue of THE rainbow. Here's
a sample from Frank's article titled, "On
OS-9 Matters, Frank FLEXes His
Bias."
"First, Tandy did not do a pure OS-
9. Close, but not pure. The disk driver
will only support single-sided drives and
at the maximum, only 40 tracks. To put
BASIC09 on the system disk, you have to
Dale L. Puckett, who is author of The
Official BASIC09 Tour Guide and co-
author, with Peter Dibble, of The
Official Rainbow Guide to OS-9, to a
free-lance writer and programmer. He
serves as director-at-large of the OS-9
Users Group and is a member of the
Computer Press Association. Dale
works as a US. Coast Guard chief
warrant officer and lives in Alexandria,
Virginia.
delete files; otherwise it won't fit. A
single-drive user is plumb out of luck.
You can't change the stepping speed of
the drives either. So, if you have drives
better than Tandy's, you will not be able
to utilize the extra speed.
"Second, Tandy does not provide a
Hi-Res screen with OS-9. You are left
to work with the pathetic 16 by 32,
uppercase only screen
I debated Frank then because we were
already publishing articles that told
how to work around the limited disk
size and upgrade the performance of
OS-9 on the CoCo. Level I OS-9 on the
original Color Computer 2 was and is
a bargain. Level II OS-9 on the Color
Computer 3 is a steal.
It's time for Frank to unflex his bias.
Tandy has listened to us and eliminated
many of our complaints. For example,
the disk drivers in OS-9 Level II read
information about the physical config-
uration of your disk drives from the
device descriptors like they're supposed
to. There is now a Hi-Res screen. In fact,
with the new windowing capability of
OS-9 Level II, we can view our text on
24 80-character lines and create several
windows onscreen containing high
resolution graphics or additional text.
Since OS-9 is multi-tasking we can have
the output from a different task going
to each of these windows. The promised
Multi- View shell makes the windowing
features so easy to use that anyone can
use them.
Volkswriter Deluxe for OS-9
On the OS-9 68000 scene, Micro-
TRENDS has announced that Volks-
writer Deluxe is being ported to OS-9.
The program was named the best of
1984 by the editors of PC Magazine. It
is fast, reliable and easy to use. All
commands are logical and concise,
requiring the fewest keystrokes per
function of any word processor.
Volkswriter Deluxe OS-9 features
text merge, note pad, horizontal scrol-
ling, multi fonts, expanded document
size, unlimited moves, onscreen tutorial
and help keys, special characters and
printer installation. It runs on the
MicroTRENDS 68000 Jonathan card
that plugs into the Apple II.
If this program is written in a high
level language maybe the folks at Mi-
croTRENDS will convince Lifetree
Software to move it on to the new Color
Computer 3. We can only hope.
During his address to the OS-9 Users
Group Community Buffet at RAIN-
BOWfest Palo Alto, Computerware's
Paul Searby called on software develop-
ers "to set as a priority the task of
making OS-9 on the CoCo more user
friendly." At the time he praised Tandy
for releasing products like Deskmate,
Micro Illustrator, OS-9 Profile and
Robot Odyssey. He also put his money
where his mouth is by supporting Mike
Bailey's The Last Word.
The great news is that the new Color
Computer 3 is going to make it a whole
November 1986 THE RAINBOW
199
to the current program counter location plus $39, location
$442. This location is in the screen area and has been filled
with a $39 previously. The $39 is executed as an RTS
instruction which causes a return to the BASIC program. The
"DONE!" message is then displayed at the screen start. All
of which goes to prove that video memory is simply computer
memory after all!
1 1) The annotated code for this problem is:
LDX
#0
clear count of men«women
CLR
CNT
clear 255 to 0 value
LOOPl
CLRB
clear count of Is (men)
DEC
CNT
got next value
LDA
BEQ
,i;;out
go if 256 tiroes
LOOP2
LSLA
shift out next bit of 8
BCC
NEXTl
go if 0 (woman)
INCB
bump count of men
TSTA
set CC
BEQ
FIN
stop if no more is (men)
NEXT!
BRA
LOOP2
loop, counting men
FIN
CMPB
#4
4 men counted?
BNE
NEXT2
go if not
XjEAX
IfX
bump count of men^women
NEXT2
BRA
LOOP!
continue for 256 permut'ns
OUT
RTS
return .....
CNT
RMB
count of 255 to 0
This code determines the probability that the number of
men will equal the number of women. A probability of one
means that the number of men will always equal the number
of women. A probability of zero means that the number of
men will never equal the number of women. The probability
here is obviously somewhere in between.
In this problem there are eight users at a table. We're not
told whether they are men or women. If we let each bit of
a byte represent an individual user, however, we can use the
assembly language subroutine to figure out the probability.
Men are represented by a 1 bit while women are represented
by a 0 bit. Let's try a simpler case first. Suppose that there
are only four users at a table. The possible permutations are:
0000
4
women
0001
3
women f
1
man
0010
3
women,
1
man
0011
2
women,
2
men
0100
3
women ,
1
man
0101
2
women ,
2
men
0110
2
women,
2
men
0111.
1
woman,
3
men
1000
3
women ,
1
man
1001
2
women,
2
men
1010
2
women,
2
men
1011
1
woman,
3
men
1100
2
women,
2
men
1101
1
woman,
3
men
1110
1
woman ,
3
men
1111
4
men
The probability here is the number of times that men equal
women divided by the total number of cases, or 6/16 +
3/8 + .375.
You can see that the number of times women equal men
can be computed by generating the binary numbers from zero
to 1 5 and then counting the number of cases where there are
two ones. The same thing can be done for a group of eight
users (or any size group). The previous code generates the
binary numbers from 00000000 through 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 and then
counts the cases where the number of ones is four. The result
is 70/256, or a probability of .273 that the number of male
CoCo users will equal the number of female CoCo users. This
little program is great for those Color Computer social
gatherings.
12) 111 bet you forgot about the obscure ABX instruction!
This instruction takes the contents of B, treated as an
unsigned number, and adds it to the X Register, with the
result going into X. This is a handy way to increment the X
Index Register when it is used as a pointer, which it often
is.
Pi Revisited
The column on generating pi drew a lot of interest from
readers. First to respond was Carey Bloodworth of Swink,
Okla., who noted a more efficient way to generate pi and
informed me that his program ran three times as fast as the
one in the column. (At that point I had produced a program
that was twice as fast as the one appearing in the column,
but Carey's sounds faster). If you're interested in this
problem, contact Carey at P.O. Box 17, Swink, OK 74761.
Andre Needham of Renton, Wash, sent a pi formula that
converges much faster. He also noted that he has memorized
pi to 42 places. Bruce Arsenault of Nova Scotia also sent a
long letter detailing a faster algorithm.
Michael Frank, 4515 Oak Hill Road A-5, Chattanooga, TN
37416, sent a program that calculates 1000 digits of pi in six
minutes by an efficient divide routine. Sounds like Carey and
Michael should communicate.
Edward Freeman Yendall of North Fort Meyers, Fla.^ sent
a fascinating letter describing computer processing of a
special form of prime numbers called Mersenne primes. His
original work (he included a printout) was done in the 1950s
on a Burroughs Datatron computer! Edward has now
duplicated the work on the CoCo.
If enough readers are interested in problems of this sort,
I'd be happy to oblige you in future columns. Let me and
RAINBOW know.
Next month, I'll be back with more CoCo assembly
language topics. Till then, keep assembling. /zs
OS-9™ SOFTWAREIHARDWARE
SDISK— Standard disk driver module allows the full use of 35, 40
or 80 track double sided disk drives with COCO OS-9 plus you
can read/write/format the OS-9 formats used by other OS-9
systems. (Note: you can read 35 or 40 track disks on an 80 track
drive). Now updated for OS-9 ver. 02.00.00 $29.95
SDISK + BOOTFIX— As above plus boot directly from a double
sided diskette $35.95
L1 UTILITY PAK— Contains all programs from Filter Kits Nos. 1
& 2 plus Hacker's Kit #, plus several additional programs, Over
35 utilities including "wild card" file cmds, MacGen command
language, disassembler, disk sector edit and others. Very useful,
many of these you will find yourself using every time you run your
system. These sold separately for over $85. $49.95
SKIO— Hi res screen driver for 24 x 51 display; does key click,
boldface, italics; supports upgraded keyboards and mouse. With
graphics screen dump and other useful programs. Now UPDATED
FOR OS-9 Ver 2.0 $29.95
PC-XFER UTILITIES— Utilities to read/write and format ss MS-
DOStm diskettes on CoCo under OS-9. $45.00 (requires SDISK)
CCRD 512K Byte RAM DISK CARTRIDGE— Requires RS Multipak
interface, two units may be used together for 1MB RAM disk. OS-9
driver and test software included. $199.00
All disk prices are for CoCo OS-9 format; for other formats, specify
and add $2.00 each. Order prepaid or COD, VISA/MC accepted,
add $1.50 S&H for software, $5.00 for CCRD; actual charges added
for COD.
D.P. Johnson, 7655 S.W. Cedarcrest St.
Portland, OR 97223 (503) 244-8152
(For best service call between 9-11 AM Pacific Time)
OS'9 Is a trademark of Mlcroware and Motorola inc.
MS-DOS Is a trademark of Microsoft, Inc.
198 THE RAINBOW November 1986
7) Sorry, I just couldn't resist this one. Admittedly, this
application has limited use. However, the code is:
ADDA
DAA
one
decimal adjust
The DAA instruction is one you may never have used. It
is a "decimal adjust" that allows BCD, or binary-coded-
decimal operations. In BCD, the decimal digits of zero
through nine are coded in each four bits. Each four-bit chunk,
called a "nibble" or "nybble," can only contain values of
00000, 0001, 0010, 0011, 0100, 0101, 0110, 0111, 1000, or
1001, and cannot contain the values 1010, 1011, 1100, 1101,
1110, and 1111. The DAA is used after an add or subtract
to adjust the binary add back to proper BCD form. If this
were not done, the add:
WJ81ipj3^v(19 in bed)
+00 il0XffiC f ( 3 5 in bod)
would result in
+00110101
01001110
instead of
(19 in bed)
(35 in bod)
fnot 54 in bed 3)
00011001 (19 in bed)
+00110101 ( 35 in bed)
01010100 (54 in bed)
The adjustment is made by adding +6 to either or both
nibbles. In the problem here, the DAA causes the adjustment
of the least significant nibble if the result is 10 to 16.
8) The answer is a snap if you know your shifts:
2
ASHA divide by 4
*Hv4de by 8
divide
As you probably know, shifting right by one bit divides
by two, by two bits divides by four, and so forth. Dividing
by any power of two can be done by the appropriate number
of right shifts. However, if the number to be shifted is a
signed, two's complement number, a logical shift (LSR, LSL,
etc.) won't work. The two's complement number -100 is
10011100. Shifting right one bit logical results in 01001110,
or a value of +80. However, shifting right one bit arithmetic
results in the correct result of 1 1001 1 10, a value of -50.
If the value cannot be evenly divisible by a power of two,
a negative result is sometimes rounded down by one. The
number -105 in two's complement form is 100101 1 1; shifting
right arithmetic results in 1 100101 1, or -53.
9) The code here is a bubble sort that sorts the data in
buffer into ascending order. Values of 23, 56, 1,3 and 17, for
example, would be sorted into 1, 3, 17, 23 and 56. The bubble
sort is a simple sort, but not very fast. Here's the annotated
code:
load "swap" flag
point to start
get two entries t and bump
compare pair
go if in order
set swap flag
exqhage the two
store swapped pair
at end
go if not at end
test for swap
go if still unsorted
LOOP1
LDY
LDX
m
# BUFFER
LOOP2
LDD
,x+
CMPA
>x
BtiO
NEXT
LDY
#1
EXG
A,B
STD
**1- X
NEXT
CMPX
#5UFEND
BNE
LOOP2
LEAY
-1,Y
BEQ
LOOPl
The bubble sort compares two entries at a time, starting
from the top of the table. (See Figure 2.) If the second entry
is less than the first, the two bytes are swapped and a "swap
flag" is set to one. One complete pass is made through the
table and the swap flag is checked. If at least one swap
occurred, another pass is made. This process continues until
no swaps have been made, indicating that the data is sorted
in numerical order. The LEAY -1,Y above is a tricky way
to test that Y contains a one. If Y contains a one, a zero results
after the LEAY and the zero condition code is set, otherwise
the zero condition code is not set.
Buffer
9
10
12
11
35
16
30
40
Scan
direction
*k These entries
jj swapped at 1 2 > 1 1
-
Bufend
8
100
Scan again
if at least
one swap
Figure 2: Bubble Sort Action
10) There's no reason why assembly language code can't
be located in the text screen area. Of course, it has a tendency
to be destroyed by data displayed on the screen! This
subroutine can be relocated to the screen by a basic program
as follows:
, &H8E / , &RJ5f& , &HA7 , &H82 , &H2 j3 , fiHPC
•\'*$:\ " A-j'J?*- . ■ i". ' * .V. "i. •. V-*, " • {!''
100 DATA &H86,
110 CLS
120 FOR 3>&H4/30 to &H40/8+8
130 READ A: POKE I, A
140 NEXT I
150 DEFUSR0=&H4#J3
160 A«USR0(0)
170 PRINT "DONEi"!
180 GOTO 180
The subroutine is relocated to the first portion of the text
screen. You'll see garbage characters fill up the first nine
screen bytes. These garbage characters represent the machine
language bytes of the assembly language program. The USR0
transfers control to the subroutine and it starts storing ASCII
$39 characters to the text screen, starting from the screen end.
An ASCII $39 is a "9" character, and therefore, nines start
filling up the screen. When a $39 replaces the second byte
of the BRA LOOP instruction, however, the branch is done
November 1 986 THE RAINBOW 1 97
Still puzzled? This routine finds the square root to the next
lowest integer of the number in OP. For example, if OP
contained 41,000, the result in the U Register would be 202.
The crux of the algorithm is the fact that the square root of
a number is equal to the total number of odd integers in the
number. The square of 100, for example, is 100 - 1 = 99 -
3 = 96 - 5 = 91 - 7 = 84 - 9 = 75 - 11 = 64 - 13 = 51 - 15
= 36 - 17 = 19 - 19 = 0. The number of odd integers is 10
— 1,3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17 and 19.
4) The huge program that solves this problem is shown
below:
SEX
sign extend B into A
This instruction is one of the more interesting in the 6809
repertoire, but it does nothing more than "sign extend" the
operand in B into the A Register. If the sign bit, Bit 7, of
the B Register is zero (positive), zeroes are put into the A
Register. If the sign of the B Register is one (negative), all
ones are put into the A Register.
In case you're hazy about two's complement notation,
remember that it's a way of expressing both positive and
negative numbers. An eight-bit register can hold values of
-128 through +127 in this format. Positive numbers have the
sign bit set to zero and the number in bits 6 through 0 of
the Register. A +100 would be 01100100, for example.
Negative numbers have the sign bit set to one and the two's
complement of the value in bits 6 through 0. A -100 would
be 10011100.
Why SEX? Since 16-bits adds and subtracts, and other
arithmetic processing is done in the D Register (A and B
combined), it's a handy way to make a 16-bit signed number
out of eight bits.
5) Some of the possible ways to load A with the contents
of Location S3E00 are:
LDA $3E00
LDA -$1FF,X
LDA $40,Y
LDA $3E^0
LDA B,Y
extended addressing
indexed addressing
indexed addressing
direct page addressing
accumulator offset addressing
LDA $3E00,PCR program counter relative addr
A dark horse candidate is:
LDD $3E00
which loads A, but also clobbers the contents of the B register.
The extended addressing mode specifies the memory
address in the last two bytes of the three-byte instruction. The
indexed X-addressing example adds the contents of the X
Register, S3FFF and -S1FF to get the effective address of
S3E00 before the load is done. The indexed Y addressing adds
S3DC0 in Y to $40 to get the same effective address. The
direct page addressing example computes the effective
address by using the contents of DP as the upper eight bits
of the address and the second byte of the instruction — $3E,
$00 in this case. The accumulator offset adds the contents
of index Register Y and the contents of B. The PCR example
puts an offset of -$104 in the last two bytes of the four-byte
PCR instruction. The effective address is computed by
adding the current contents of the program counter $3F04
(the start of the instruction after the LDA) to an offset of
-$104 to get an effective address of $3E00.
That wasn't too bad, was it?
6) This problem isn't hard to follow if you write down the
results. The X Register points to an open-ended buffer area
as shown in Figure 1. Each entry in the buffer is made up
of two bytes. Zero is put into the first entry and one into the
next to initialize the subroutine. The FIBO loop adds the nth
entry to the (n + 1) entry. The result is put into the (n + 2)
entry. The pointer in X is then bumped by two. A BSR then
calls the FIBO code again. Why the BSR instead of a BRA?
No reason other than to demonstrate a simple case of
recursion. The FIBO code is called repeatedly until the result
is so large that overflow results. In this case the RTS is
executed to return from the subroutine. Since there are many
levels of BSRs at this point, each return is made to the first
RTS repeatedly, much like peeling the layers of skin on an
onion.
Buffer
0
1:
1
- V 2 Bytes/entry
f ' 1
2
4 X points to
3
- current entry
5
8
13
i ;
Figure 1: Fibonacci Buffer Area
The results in the buffer area look like this: 0, 1, 1, 2, 3,
5, 8, 13, 21, 34, 55, 89, 144, 233, 377, 610, 987, 1597, 2504,
4181, 6765, 10946, 17711, 28657. Each term is computed as
the sum of the two preceding it. This sequence is a famous
mathematical sequence known as the Fibonacci series, with
applications in diverse areas, including computer algorithms.
Overflow occurs when the 23rd term is reached with a result
of 46,368. At this point, the stack is 23 levels deep and uses
46 bytes for return addresses! If you run this code, make
certain you have enough room for the stack. The annotated
code is:
FIBOS
FIBO
OUT
BUFFER
LDX
LDD
STD
LDD
STD
LDD
ADDD
BVS
STD
LEAX
BSR
RTS
RMB
#$ BUFFER
#1
+2,X
,X
+2,X
OUT
+4,X
+2,X
FIBO
1W
start of buffer
initialize first term
in first 2 bytes
initialize 2nd term
in second two bytes
get nth term
add nth+1
go if too large
store nth+2
blimp
call compute term
many happy returns
196 THE RAINBOW November 1986
B&t&p&ck ii a nut W4„®
SUPER SMART TERMINAL PROGRAM
With AUTOPILOT Executive Command Processor and AUTO- LOO Language Processor
X-MODEM DISK FILE TRANSFER SUPPORT
VT-100&VT-52 TERMINAL EMULATION
No lost data when using Hi-Res Display , Even at 1200 Baud.
9 Hi-Res Display formats. 28 to 255 columns by 24 lines.
True Upper and Lower Case Displays.
45K Text Buffer when using the Hi-Res Display and Disk .
Kill the Hi-Res Display Option for an Extra 6K of buffer space.
ASCII & BINARY disk file transfer via XMODEM.
Directly record receive data to a disk file while online.
VT-lOO terminal emulation for VAX. UNIX and other systems.
VT- 1 00/52 cursor keys & position, insert/delete, tabs & more.
Automatic File Capture.
Programmable Word Length. Parity and Stop Bits.
Programmable Baud Rates from 300 to 19200 Baud.
Complete Full and Half Duplex operation, no garbled data.
Send full 128 character set from Keyboard with control codes.
Freeze Display & Review Information On line with no data loss.
Complete Editor, Insert, Delete, Change or Add to Buffer.
Automatic Key Repeat for Buffer Editing.
9 Variable length, Programmable Macro Key buffers can store
entire programs. Only limited by the size of available memory.
Programmable Control Character Trapping.
Programmable Prompt Character or Delay to send next line.
Programmable Printer rates from 110 to 9600 Baud.
Send Files directly from the Buffer or Disk.
Supports True Line Break Transmission.
Save and Load Text Buffer and Program Key to Tape or Disk.
Disk Commands include: Load, Save, Kill and Directory.
Display on Screen or Print the contents of the Bufferr,
Automatic Memory Sense 16-64K (32K required for Hi-Res ).
Program and Memory Status Displays.
Built in Command Menu (Help) Display.
Auto-Log: is a communications programming language that will enable you to automatically have DPII+ Dial the phone, wait for and respond
to a log-on prompt, send commands to a remote system, or even to send an entire program automatically.
AUTOPILOT: is a executive command processor that will automatically process a command file containing a sequence of DPII+ commands
including Auto-Log commands.
SUPPORTS: PBJ Word-Pak I. II, R.S. and Double Density 80 Column Cards Not Compatible vith JDOS
Disto Super Controller w/80 column card & parallel printer Requires 32K & Disk
PBJ Parallel Printer Card and Dual Serial Port (2SP-Pak) Only 159 00
Radio Shack Modem-Pak & Deluxe RS-252 Pale, even with Disk. y
Do you want to write fast efficient machine language programs but you don't want to spend
the next few years trying to learn how to write them in Assembly language?
Well with CBASIC. you could be writing them right now!
CBASIC has its own completely integrated Basic Program Editor
which allows you to load, edit or create programs for the compiler.
It is a full featured editor designed specifically for writing and
editing Basic programs, most likely you'll find you want to use it for
writing all your Basic programs. It has block move & copy, program
renumbering, automatic line numbers, screen editing, printer control
and much more. .
"The fditor is a very good one and could be the subject for review
all by itself... • --The RAINBOW, March I $86
'Comparing fCBs edit mode to CM SIC 'a text editor is like comparing a
World War II jeep to a modem sedan. Both get you to your destination,
but what a difference in the ride. — Hot CoCo, Feburary I W6
The documentation provided with CBASIC is an 8 1/2* 11 Spiral
Bound book which contains approximatly 120 pages of real
information. We went to great lengths to provide a manual that is
not only easy to use and understand, but complete and comprehensive
enough for even the most sophisticated user.
"CBASIC's manual is easy to read and written with a minimum of
technic a/ese. ' —Hot CoCo February , 1 Qo6
The price of CBASIC is $ 149.00. It is the most expensive Color
Basic Compiler on the market, and well worth the investment.
Compare the performance of CBASIC against any Color Basic
compiler. Dollar for dollar, CBASIC jives you more than any other
compiler available. Requires 64K & Disk, not JDOS compatible .
CBASIC is the only fully integrated Basic Compiler and program
editing system available for the Color Computer. It will allow you to
take full advantage of all the capabilities available in your color
computer without having to spend years trying to learn assembly
language programming. CBASIC allows you to create, edit and
convert programs from a language you are already familiar with
Extended Disk Color Basic, into fast efficient machine language
programs easily and quickly. We spent over 2 years writing and
refining CBASIC to make it the Best Color Basic compiler available
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blown program editor, Hi-Res text Displays and 80 column hardware
support for editing, compiling and even for your compiled programs.
Plus we made it exceptionally easy to use, CBASIC is the friendliest
and easiest compiler available for the Color Computer.
"The most complete fdiior/Compiler I have seen for the CoCo... '
-The RAINBOW, March I W6
CBASIC is Tor BEGINNER & ADVANCED USERS
CBASIC is a powerful tool for the Beginner as well as the
Advanced Basic or Machine Language programmer. You can write
programs without having to worry about the Stack, DP Register,
memory allocation and so on, because CBASIC will handle it for you
automatically. For Advanced users. CBASIC will let you control
every aspect of your program, even generating machine code
directly in a program easily.
CBASIC adds many features not found in Color Basic, like
Interrupt, Reset and On Error handling, and much more.
Commands and Extensive Hardware Support
CBASIC features well over 100 compiled Basic Commands and
Functions that fully support Disk Sequential and Direct access files.
Tape. Printer and Screen I/O. CBASIC supports ALL the High and
Low Resolution Graphics, Sound, Play and String Operations available
in Extended Color Basic, including Graphics GET. PUT. PLAY and
DRAW, all with 99 .98 syntax compatibility. CBASIC also supports
the built in Serial 1/0 port with separate programmable printer &
serial I/O baud rates. You can send and receive data with easy to
use PRINT. INPUT and INKEY commands;
CBASIC is the only Color Basic Compiler that includes its own
Hi-Res 5 1 , 64 or 85 by 24 line display, it also supports the PBJ
"Word-Pak" I, II and R.S. versions as well as the Disto and Double
Density 80 column displays. All as part of the standard CBASIC
package. You can even include them in your compiled programs by
using a single CBASIC command.
CBASIC makes full use of the power and flexibility of the 6883
SAM in the Color Computer. It will fully utilize the 96K of address
space available in the CoCo during program Creation, Editing and
Compilation. There is a single CBASIC command for automatic 64K
RAM control, to allow use of the upper 32K of RAM automatically.
When used in compiled programs it will automatically switch the
ROMs and RAM in and out when needed. Plus there are two other
commands to control of the upper 32K of RAM manually in a
program.
"The price tag it carries seemed a bit steep for an integer compiler on first
glance, but when you add6 4 IK, hi'res drivers, andfult-screenediting, CBASIC
begins to look more like a bargain.. - — Hot CoCo February, 1 966
"A Complete Editor/Compiler Well Worth its Price "-RAINBOW March 1066
COMMANDS SUPPORTED
I/O COMMANDS: CLOSE. CLOADM, CSAVEM, DRIVE, DSKI$, DSKO$, FIELD, FILES, GET,
INPUT, LINE INPUT, KILL, LSET, LOADM, OPEN, PRINT, PR INT», PUT, RENAME, RSET, SAVEM,
WRITE
CONTROL STATEMENTS: CALL.CHAIN, END, EXEC, FOR, NEXT, STEP, GOTO, GOSUB,
RETURN, IF, THEN, ELSE, STOP, END, RUN, ON/GOTO, ON/GOSUB, ON ERROR GOTO, ON NMI
GOTO, ON IRQ GOTO, ON SWI GOTO, ON FIRO GOTO, ON RESET GOTO, IRQ ON, IRQ OFF,
RAM ON, RAM OFF, RAM64K, IRQ, FIRO, NMI, SWI, STACK, RETI
COMPILER DIRECTIVES: BASE, ORG, DIM, HIRES, DPSET, GEN, PCLEAR, TRACE ON, TRACE
OFF, MODULE
GRPAHICS/SOUND STATEMENTS: PLAY, SOUND, COLOR, CLS, CIRCLE, DRAW, LINE, PAINT,
PaS, PCOPY, PMODE, PRESET, PSET, RESET, SET, SCREEN, POINT, PPOINT, GET, PUT
NUMERIC FUNCTIONS: ABS, POS, RND, PEEK, DPEEK, TAB, ASC, LEN, INSTR, VAL, ERR, ERL,
EOF, SWAP, LOF, LOC, FREE, CVN, VARPTR, JOYSTK, SGN, TIMER, OVEREM, DSEARCH,
SWITCH POSt INKEY
STRING FUNCTIONS: CHRt, LEFT$, RIGHTt, MBX, SHU, TRMJ, STRINGS, MKNt,NKEYt, BUFt,
SWAP!, SWITCH*, HEX1
OTHER/SPECIAL COMMANDS: AUDIO ON/OFF, DATA, DIM, MOTOR ON/OFF, POKE, DPOKE,
READ, RESTORE, CBLINK, UNLINK, BR ATE, PRATE, MIDt=,STACK, VERIFY ON/OFF
To order b y mail, send check or money order for the amount of the program plus
13.00 lor shipping and handling to the address listed below.
To order by VIAS, MASTERCARD or COD call us at : (702) 452-0632 (Monday thru
Saturday, 6am to 5pm PST).
CER-COMP
5566 Ricochet Avenue
Las Vegas. NV 891 10
(702)-452-0632
HI-RES II SCREEN COMMANDER
Are you tired of looking at the 16 line by 32 character display on
your CoCo? Do you wish you could see more lines and characters?
Then HI-RES II is the answer, it can give you the big screen display
you've always wanted. It will display 24 lines of 32, 42, 5 1 , 64 and
even 85 true upper and lower case characters per line without any
hardware modifications.
HI-RES II is the most powerful screen enhancement package
available for the Color Computer, yet it is the least expensive. It is
completely compatible and transparent to Basic. Once the program
is loaded, everything works the same as before, only you have a
much better display to work with. It even allows you to have mixed
text and Hi-resolution graphics on the same screen or have separate
text and graphics screens. It also has an adjustable automatic key
repeat feature and allows you to protect up to 23 lines on the
screen. HI-RES II features over 30 special control code functions
that allow you to change characters per line, protect display lines,
change background color, position cursor, switch normal/reverse
video, underline, double size characters, erase line/screen/to end of
screen, home cursor, character highlight and much more. It works
on all models of the CoCo with 16, 32 or 64K and provides
automatic reset control so HI-RES II won't disappear when you
press reset.
Only $24,95 for Tape and $29.95 for Disk
EDT/ASM 64D
64K DISK EDITOR ASSEMBLER w I DEBUG
EDT/ASM 64D is a Disk based co-resident Text Editor &
Assembler. It has a Hi-Resolution 51 , 64 or 85 column by 24 line
display; so you see your program listings easily. It also supports the
PBJ 80 Column Word-Pak cards. The disk also contains a free
standing Machine Language Debug Monitor, to help you debug
your assembled programs.
The Editor in EDT/ASM 64D is the most powerfull, easy to use
Text Editor available in any Editor/Assembler package for the Color
Computer. It even has automatic line number generation for easy
entry of program material. Some of it's features include:
<& Local and Global string search and/or replace.
ir> Full screen line editing with immediate line update.
c> Easy to use Single keystroke editing commands.
<& Load & Save standard ASCII formatted Tape/Disk files.
<& Move or Copy single & multiple text lines.
t> Create and Edit disk files larger than memory.
t? Hi-Res Text Display 28 to 85 columns by 24 lines.
t> Supports the PBJ 80 Column cards Word-Pak I & II.
The Assembler portion of EDT/ASM 64D is the part that creates
the Machine Language program. It processes the source file(s)
created or edited by the text editor and creates a LOADM or
CLOADM binary file on either Disk or Tape. Using library files you
can assemble an unlimited size file, using several different disk
drives.
i> Supports conditional IF/THEN/ELSE assembly.
& Supports Disk Library files (include).
c> Supports standard motorola assembler directives
t> Allows multiple values for FDB & FCB directives.
& Generates listings to Hi-Res text screen or printer.
<r> Assembles directly to disk or tape in LOADM format.
i> Supports up to 9 open disk files during assembly.
& Allows assembly from editor buffer, Disk or both,
c?* Full description text error messages.
DEBUG is a free standing program debugger which provides all
the functions supported by most system monitors. Some of them
include:
Examine and change the contents of memory.
a> Set and display up to 10 breakpoints in memory.
ir> Remove single or multiple breakpoints.
t> Display/Change processor register contents,
c?* Dump Memory in Hex and ASCII format.
& Fill Memory range with a specified data pattern.
t> Move a block of memory.
& Search memory range for data pattern.
c? Disassemble memory into op-code format.
Requires 32K and Disk $59.00
"The Source"
Now you can easily Disassemble Color Computer machine lan-
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<r> Automatic Label generation.
<r> Allows specifying FCB, FCC and FDB areas.
t> Save, Load and Edit FCB, FCC, and FDB map on Disk.
<r> Disassembles programs directly from Disk
c> Output complete Disassembled listing with labels to the Printer,
Screen or both.
<r> Generates Assembler compatible source files directly to disk.
<r> Generated source files are in standard ASCII format.
ir> Built in Hex/ASCII dump/display to locate FCB, FCC and FDB
areas in a program,
o Built in Disk Directory and Kill file commands.
<r> Menu display with single key commands for smooth, Easy,
almost foolproof operation,
o Written in fast machine language, one of the quickest and
easiest to use Disassemblers available.
Requires 32K and Disk $34,95
TEXTPRO III
"The Advanced Word Processing System"
<r> 9 Hi-Resolution Display Formats from 28 to 255 columns by 24
lines.
<r> True Upper and Lower Case display format.
<r> Three Different Programmable Header lines, re-definable at
anytime.
<r> Programmable Footer line & Automatic Footnote System.
<r> 10 Programmable Tab stops & 7 Tab Function Commands,
o Automatic Line Justification, Centering, Flush left and Flush
right.
On screen display of underlining and Double size characters.
O Change indents, margins, line length, etc. at anytime in a
document.
<r? Create and Edit files larger than memory, up to the size of a
full disk.
<r> Easily imbed any number of format and control codes for
printers,
<r> Automatic Memory sense 16-64K with up to 48K of
workspace.
<r> Typist Friendly line and Command format entry w/ auto key
repeat.
<r> Fully supports the use of 80 column hardware cards.
TEXTPRO III is an advanced word processing system designed
for speed, flexability and extensive document processing. It is not
like most of the other word processing programs available for the
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better off with one of the other word processors. But, if you want a
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uals, complex formating problems and letter writing, then TEX-
TPRO is what, your looking for. TEXTPRO works in a totally
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are over 50 different formating commands you can use without ever
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and often furstrating menu chases, you are irv total control at all
times. The formatted output can be displayed directly on the screen,
showing you exactly what your printed document will look like
before a single word is ever printed. This includes margins, head-
ers, footers, page numbers, page breaks, underlining, column
formating and full justification.
Disk $59.95 Tape $49.95
To order products by mail, send check or money order for the amount of
purchase, plus $3.00 for shipping & handling to the address below.
To order by VISA, MASTERCARD or C.O.D. call us at the
number listed below (Monday thru Saturday, 8am to 5pm PST).
CER-COMP
5566 Ricochet Avenue
Las Vegas, Nevada 89110
© (702) 452-0632 S
) The A Register contains a value of zero through 14. Write
a routine to convert the values as follows:
Zero through eight become one through nine
Nine through 15 become 16 through 22
The routine must consist of fewer than 10 instructions.
) This one shouldn't be too bad. The A Register contains
a two's complement number. Divide this number by 8. The
result must be valid for either positive or negative
numbers. As an example, -100 divided by 8 must produce
a result of -12. and +100 divided by 8 must produce a result
of +12.
) A table containing values of zero through 255 starts at
BUFFER and ends at BUFEND. What does this code do?
LOOPl
LDY
n
LDX
# BUFFER
LOOP2
LDD
,x+
CMPA
V
BLO
NEXT
LDY
#1
EXG
A, B
STD
-i,x
NEXT
CMPX
# BUFEND
BNE
LOOP2
LEAY
BEQ
LOOPl
)) This is an assembly language subroutine that's called
from a BASIC program. It starts at Location $400, the
beginning of the text screen. What does it accomplish?
Or does it even run?
LDA #$39
LDX #$600
LOOP STA , -X
BRA LOOP
) At a recent Color Computer User's Group party, there
were eight CoCo freaks at a corner table. The following
program determines which of these probabilities?
a) The probability that there will be twice as many men
as women among the users.
b) The probability that there will be an equal number
of men and women among the users.
c) The probability that there will be more men then
women among the users.
d) The probability that the user on the left will have
an autographed copy of The Complete Rainbow Guide
to
LDX
n
CLR
CNT
LOOPl
CLRB
DEC
CNT
LDA
CNT
BEQ
OUT
LOOP2
LSLA
BCC
NEXT1
INCB
TSTA
BEQ
FIN
NEXT1
BRA
LOOP2
FIN
CMPB
#4
BNE
NEXT2
LEAX
1,X
NEXT2
BRA
LOOPl
OUT
RTS
CNT
RMB
1
12) Finally, the last problem: Which two registers in the 6809
can be added together with one instruction?
The Answers
1) This should have been an easy one if you remembered
that the 6809 has a multiply instruction called MUL. The
code is this:
LDA #230 load A with decimal 23)3
LDB #15 load B with decimal 15
MUL find product in D
The result, 3450, is in D after multiplying 230 in A and
15 in B ($E6 in A and $0E in B). Remember the MUL
instruction is an unsigned multiply. This means each operand
in A and B can be zero through 255 and represents only
positive numbers. The maximum product will be 255 times
255 or 65,025 ($FE, $01).
2) The code in the question is reproduced again with
comments below:
LDD
OP1
load D with operand 1
LDU
#0
clear quotient
LOOP
SUBD
OP2
subtract divisor
BLO
OUT
go if residue < 0
LEAU
if u
bump quotient
BRA
LOOP
loop 'til residue < 0
OUT
JMP
OUT
dummy
OP1
FDB
XXX
16-bit dividend
OP2
FDB
XXX
8-bit divisor
This code is a divide routine that divides a 16-bit operand
in D by an eight-bit operand in memory. The quotient result
is in U at the end of the divide. Unfortunately, the 6809
doesn't have a divide instruction, so any division has to be
accomplished in software. The division here is not a
particularly effective division because it divides by repetitive
subtraction. If OP1 is 65535 (SFFFF) and OP2 is one, for
example, the loop is executed 65536 times! However, the code
here is uncomplicated compared to a bit-by-bit divide and
it's not bad to use occasionally.
3) The code in the question is reproduced again with
comments below:
LDD
#1
integer
STD
INT
store for subtract
LDU
#0
clear result
LDD
OP
get square
LOOP
SUBD
INT
subtract 1, 3, 5, etc.
BLO
DONE
go if residue < p
LEAU
i,u
bump result
LDX
INT
set next odd integer
LEAX
2,X
STX
INT
BRA
LOOP
loop *til residue < 0
DONE
JMP
DONE
dummy
DONE
JMP
DONE
dummy
OP
FDB
XXX
number to find SQR
INT
RMB
2
holds odd integers
November 1 986 THE RAINBOW 1 93
BARDEN'S BUFFER
dentin
g a Quiz for Color
Coi
tnputer
Assembly Language
By William Barden, Jr.
Rainbow Contributing Editor
Our local Color Computer Users Group in Orange
County, Calif., is an organization with somewhat
eclectic interests. Within the organization are special
interest groups on BASIC, assembly language, sushi and
automatic weapons. In spite of the weird aspects of the user's
group, it's fun to attend the meetings. At the last meeting,
the chairman of the SIG on assembly language, presented an
enjoyable little assembly language quiz. (Actually, it wasn't
that enjoyable. The doors were locked and we couldn't get
out until we had tried the quiz.)
The quiz is reproduced in this month's column so you can
test yourself and see if you really know assembly language
as well as you think you do. Readers who get all answers
correct will be treated to a sushi lunch and a used AK-47
assault rifle the next time they're in Orange County. The
answers to all questions are at the end of this column. A score
of 10 to 12 qualifies you as a master assembly language
programmer, 7 to 9 indicates that you are a professional AL
programmer, 4 to 6 marks you as a journeyman AL
programmer, and less than 4 means you better go back and
hit the books to brush up on your programming skills.
The Quiz
1) Here's an easy one to begin with. Write an assembly
language program to load the A Register with decimal 230
and the B Register with decimal 15, and then find the
product of the two numbers in the D Register (A and B).
2) What does this code do?
A. ,
LDD
LD0
libOF SUBD
BLO
LEAU
BRA
OUT JMP
0P1 FDB
OP2 FDB
OP1
#2
0P2
OUT
1>U
LOOP
OUT
XXX
Bill Barden has written 27 books and over 100 magazine
articles on various computer topics. His 20 years experience
in the industry covers a wide background: programming,
systems analyzing and managing projects ranging from
mainframes to microcomputers.
3) Here's a relative toughie, but if you write down the results
for a few test cases, you should be able to see what this
code accomplishes:
LDD
#1
STD
INT
LDU
#0
LDD
OP
LOOP SUBD
INT
BLO
DONE
LEAU
1,U
LDX
INT
LEAX
2,X
STX
INT
BRA
LOOP
DONE JMP
DONE
OP FDB
XXX
INT RMB
2
4) If you're reeling from the last problem, here's one that
should be easier. The B Register contains a two's comple-
ment number. Write a short piece of code to put a zero
into the A Register if B is positive, or a -1 into A if B is
negative. Hint: The 6809 instructions RELGN and
POLITCS are not used in the code.
5) This one tests your addressing mode capability. Location
$3E00 contains a constant. The X Register contains a value
of $3FFF. The Y Register contains $3DC0. The DP
register contains a value of $3E. The B Register contains
$40. Write down at least four ways to load the A Register
with the constant. Assume the instruction to be used is
located at S3F00.
6) Here's a tricky one. What does this code accomplish?
FIBO
OUT
LDX
LDD
STD
,x
#1
STD
+2,X
LDD
m
ADDD
+2,X
BVS
OUT
STD
+4yX++,
BSR
FIBO :
RTS
RTS
192
THE RAINBOW November 1 986
TUTORIAL
Readable
Equivalents
toC
By Calvin Dodge
When I first began programming in C, I had a problem
remembering which conditional operators did what
(like "!=" for not equal rather than "< >"). Fortu-
nately, the c pre-processor statement "#define" made it easy
to rename things and help my memory. I created a file in
/dl/DEFS called logic.h containing the following:
#define TRUE 1
#define FALSE 0
Jdefine EQUALS ==
#define NOTEQUALTO !=
/* bitwise operations */
#define AND &
#define NOT ~
#define XOR A
#define OR
/* logical operations */
#define LAND &&
#def ine LOR | |
#define LNOT !
#def ine MOD %
/* end of "logic.h" */
Now, in every program I have a line near the beginning that
says ttinclude<logic.h>. When I type if (a EQUALS b), the
compiler knows I mean if (a == b). This makes it easier to
avoid typing i f ( a=b ) , which means "make a equal to b, then
see if a is non-zero."
I hope this technique helps make your programming easier
and your programs more readable. A c program can use all
the readability it can get!
(Questions about this tip may be directed to the author at
4490 North Yukon Court 2 A, Wheatridge, CO 80033, 303-420-
9758. Please enclose an SASE when writing.)
Calvin Dodge is a self-employed programmer I consultant. He
enjoys OS-9 and C and loves his CoCo. His wife, Elsi, teaches
emotionally and behaviorally disturbed children and uses the
CoCo to write assignment sheets, reports, and so on. They live
in Wheatridge, Colorado.
November 1 986 THE RAINBOW 191
Let's get into edit mode and call our
procedure sieve:
B:b sieve
PROCEDURE SIEVE
*
£■;"''
A common error I make is to forget
the ending quote when I print a string.
Here is what happens when I make that
mistake:
t: print "Missing quote
print "Missing quote
i ffcrar 8041 ^l^MM^^A .
, ;*fNo Ending ^kkfM'fff ■
*0000 ERR print "Missing quote
...
When a syntax error like this is
detected, the cursor is positioned just
before the offending line in the proce-
dure as indicated by the '*'. To correct
the error, type a c in the control char-
acter position. Follow it with a delimiter
character which can be a slash or any
punctuation character. Next comes the
character(s) to change. Here we need to
add a character, so enter an e to posi-
tion where the added character is to go,
following with a delimiter matching the
first one and then b". Here is how it
looks and the result:
. .,1 ' -\o ■ ■
E:
print *M i ss 1 ng qu □ ta 1
The cursor is now just past the line
in the program. If you go back to look
at the line again by typing a dash as a
control character, it looks different:
E ■
*0000
PRINT "Mia&ing quota
Once the line is right, BASIC09 com-
piles it. On going back, the line was
decompiled and the keyword PRINT
was capitalized. It is good practice to
enter programs in lowercase. Then,
when you go back over the code or list
it to the printer, only the keywords are
capitalized. The program will be easier
to follow. Now issue a control character
*d' to delete the line:
PROCEDURE sieve
DIM sizeof: INTEGER
sizeof :=8190
BASE fl
DIM flags ( 8195 ): BOOLEAN
DIM i , prime ,k, count , iter: INTEGER
PRINT iterations"
SHELL "date t"
FOR iters«l TO 10
count
FOR i:»p TO sizeof
flags (i) :*TRUE
NEXT i
PRINT "initialized"
FOR i:=p TO sizeof
IF flags (i) THEN
prime :=»i+i+3
(* print prime *)
k:»i+prime
WHILE k<«sizeof DO
flags (k) :*FALSE
k:«k+prime
ENDWHILE
count : ^count+ 1
ENDIF
NEXT i
NEXT iter
SHELL "date t"
PRINT count; "primes"
END
Now we can start looking at some of
the parts that will be in most BAS1C09
procedures. Like pascal, BAS1C09 lacks
the dynamic memory management in
conventional basics. Therefore, varia-
bles must be dimensioned to inform
BASIC09 how to arrange data memory.
DIM sizeof: INTEGER
sizeof :=8190
BASE G
DIM f lags (8195 ) : BOOLEAN
DIM i , prime, k, count, iter: 1?
INTEGER
There are a variety of variable types
in BASIC09, but only Boolean and In-
teger appear in our example. The var-
iable flags (B195) is an array starting
with a Oth member (base 0) with 8195
members. A Boolean variable uses only
one byte, so the array flags (8195)
uses 8196 bytes with its 0 member.
Integer variables use two bytes each —
more bytes are used to dimension them
than their data uses.
Variables are not automatically in-
itialized when the program is run. A
variable is assigned memory space. That
space may contain any sort of garbage.
The following code makes 10 passes
through the program and initializes the
variable count and array flag (8195)
at the beginning of each pass:
FOR lter:=l TO 10
count :=0
FOR i :=0 TO sizeof
flags(i) :=TRUE
NEXT I
PRINT "initialized
Now enter the following sieve program. Following the initialization is the
program code that does the real work.
BASIC09 custom calls for assignments to
be made with ":=" rather than just *=\
This follows PASCAL practice. For ex-
ample, the line count :=0. However, if
we wanted to know if count were a zero
in an IF statement, the Vis not used and
will give an error. The right way is IF
count=0 THEN.
OS-9 modules can be called from a
running BASIC09 program. Shell "date t"
is an example. The sieve program prints
the date and time when the program
starts and, when it has finished, it serves
as a timer except you need to subtract
the start time from the finish time to get
elasped time.
With the program properly entered,
type the control character q and press
enter to leave edit mode. Now BASIC09
checks that variables have all been
declared and that all control structure
keywords match up properly. If you get
error messages, from system mode type
e and press enter which puts you back
in edit with your procedure to make
corrections. Many times a bunch of
error messages show up. One missing
NEXT or ENDIF near the front of the
precedure confuses BAS1C09 and it pro-
duces an error message for each suc-
ceeding control structure. When this
happens, I list the program from system
mode to the printer with the command
list myprogram >/p. All error mes-
sages produced on leaving edit are
printed at the end of the listing.
Let's assume you escaped edit mode
without incident. Type save sieve to
save the program to your current data
directory. Finally type run sieve.
OK, how fast is fast? The C version
compiled with the Microware C com-
piler under OS-9 on my CoCo executed
in 24 seconds. Not bad for a machine
running at .9 MHz. For comparison, a
22 second time was reported for a C
compiled program on an IBM PC at
4.77 MHz clock. Because of lack of
integers and memory, the sieve cannot
be run under CoCo basic, basica on
an IBM PC was reported with a 1,990
second benchmark running integer
variables.
Fanfare please! The BASIC09 sieve
took 450 seconds on my CoCo. There
was no difference between running
source code in the compiler and packed
code. More about packing in a later
column. I expect doubling the clock rate
on the CoCo 3 will halve the run time.
Now you know one reason I have not
moved to a Tandy 1000 or something
similar.
190 THE RAINBOW November 1986
Whenever you are in system mode
you can press ENTER and a directory of
BASIC09 procedures in your workspace
is displayed. An asterisk (*) appears to
the left of the last active procedure. This
directory also lists the size of each
procedure in the workspace, its data
space requirements and available
workspace memory. Since none of the
procedures is running at this time, no
data space is allocated. The situation
arises when the data space needed by a
procedure is larger than available
workspace memory. BASIC09 flags this
by printing a question mark after the
data space requirement for the proce-
dure.
You cannot run a procedure when
there is insufficient data space. It is
important that you be able to run the
source code version of your program
from BASIC09 system mode because
Debug mode is available. There are a
number of strategies available to make
this happen. One is to enlarge the
workspace to use all available memory.
A second is to keep procedures small
and load them only as needed. A third
is to limit data memory requirements
until the procedure is totally debugged.
This third option depends on how you
dimension variables. We'll discuss that
in a later column.
Now it's time to write a short pro-
gram and get some hands-on expe-
rience. With the new CoCo 3, it is going
to be fun to measure just how much
faster it is at the 1.7 MHz clock rate.
There are lots of possible benchmark
measures, but one that is generously
documented is the Sieve of Eratos-
thenes program to calculate prime
numbers. Versions of the program in
various languages including c and
PASCAL, along with execution times on
various microcomputers were pub-
lished in "Eratosthenes Revisited: Once
More Through the Sieve," by Jim
Gilbreath and Gary Gilbreath, Page
283, Byte Magazine, January 1983.
In BASIC09 system mode, type e
sieve. This puts you into edit mode,
ready to type in the program. You know
you are in the editor because the B:
prompt of system mode is replaced with
an E: prompt. The cursor sits in the
space after the colon. Chapter 4 of the
BASIC09 manual gives a good descrip-
tion of how to use the editor.
The first character entered after the
E: prompt is the command character.
BASIC09 source code may be line num-
bered or not. The ability to eliminate
line numbers is one of the language's
major strengths, A space typed at the
control character position permits entry
of any characters that follow as a string.
When the ENTER key is pressed, BASIC09
attempts to compile the preceding string
to a condensed form known as I code.
If it can, all is well and the E: prompt
returns for entry of the next line or a
control character. If the line cannot be
compiled, it is reprinted on the screen
with an arrow pointing to the suspected
error point along with an error message.
At minimum, the message may look like
this example from the manual: 01FC
ERR 843.
The 0 1 FC is the number of bytes f r o m
the beginning of the procedure to the
error that was interpreted to be #43.
To illustrate, let's do a step-by-step
example. BASIC09 is loaded and we are
at the B: prompt:
Basic09
ready
B:
68020-68020-68020
1 5,204,352 BYTES = 14,848K BYTES = 145
MEGABYTES of RAM! - 30 USERS - EXPANDABLE
DMA - PROTECTION with OS9/68K - DYNACALC -
STYLO - BASIC09 - FBU - QCOM! Nothing like it
ANYWHERE! - INCREDIBLE! - The QT20x
FIND OUT MORE! - CONTACT US TODAY!
LIMITED TIME SPECIAL
Complete system with 20 Meg
Drive only $4495!
2.5 Meg RAM, 6 Serial Ports 1 Parallel port, RTC.
1976
FRANK HOGG
LABORATORY
1986
770 James St., Syracuse, NY 13203 Telex 646740
315/474-7856
November 1 986 THE RAINBOW 1 89
BASIC09
OS-9
a
BITS AND BYTES OF BASIC
BASIC09 on the CoCo 3
By Richard A. White
Rainbow Contributing Editor
The new Color Computer 3 is here
and it's what many of us had
been waiting for in a new CoCo.
As expected, Level II OS-9 is provided
which can fully utilize a 512K machine.
The Level II OS-9 package includes
BASIC09 rather than an assembler and
sells for a modest $79.95.
While all software that runs on a
CoCo 2 will run on the new machine
(provided undocumented ROM calls
are not used), these programs run in the
CoCo 2 mode and do not use the en-
hancements in the CoCo 3. Current
BASIC09 provides some graphics support
for CoCo 2 modes. Level II BASIC09 is
expected to support the new graphics
modes. This, coupled with the fact that
BASIC09 comes with Level II OS-9,
should drastically increase its popular-
ity. Up to now, there has been little
incentive for the more casual user to buy
BASIC09. The only available software for
BASIC09 comes from the OS-9 Users
Group. Because of the small group of
owners, there has been no commercial
BASIC09 software. This may change.
BASIC09 has always had major advan-
tages over Extended Color BASIC. Two
of these are speed and programming
ease. Provided adequate graphics com-
mands are available in the new version,
it will be possible to write game pro-
grams that otherwise would need to be
written in assembly language or C. This
is not to say BASIC09 rivals machine
language in speed; it doesn't. But it is
much faster than Extended Color BASIC
or, for that matter, GW-BASIC running
Richard White lives in Fairfield, Ohio,
has a long background with microcom-
puters and specializes in BASIC pro-
gramming. With Don Dollberg, he is
the co-author of the TIMS database
management program.
on MS-DOS machines. Couple this
with the 1.7 MHz microprocessor
speed, and all sorts of programming
doors open.
In most respects, BASIC09 is a pro-
grammer's dream. First, it is very mod-
ular. Separate procedures may be saved
separately and loaded as needed from
the disk. When the procedure has been
used and is no longer needed, it can be
killed, freeing memory for other proce-
dures.
Though the current BASIC09 editor is
a line editor, it does do syntax checking
as each line is entered. I will put up with
a line editor just to get this feature.
Further, other checks are made when
you leave the edit mode. Forget a NEXT,
for example, and you are told.
The Debug mode is another highly
appreciated feature. The syntax and
other program details may be correct
and the darned thing still won't work.
With Debug, you can single step
through the program and really see
what is happening.
In the February RAINBOW (Page 23 1),
I talked about how to get set up to use
BASIC09. Those instructions may not
necessarily apply to the Level II version.
Still, if you are just getting started with
BASIC09, you may want to study that
column. In March, I discussed what
happens when you first get BASIC09 up
and running (Page 226). I'm going to
summarize some of that material, but
you may want to read that article, too.
The BASIC09 distribution disk comes
with four files. At minimum, two of
these, basic09 and runb must be copied
to the CMDS directory of your system
disk. We'll worry about the other files
later. With the CMDS as your execu-
tion directory, type EX BfiSIC09 810K.
BASIC09 loads and you are in its system
mode. The #10K provides 10K bytes of
workspace. If you don't do this, BASIC09
defaults to a 4K byte workspace of
which a little over IK is allocated for
BASlC09's own use. You can change the
workspace size from system mode. Type
mem 10000 to get 10K bytes. Type mem
and available workspace memory is
displayed. Available memory for the
workspace depends on which proce-
dures are loaded when you boot OS-9.
I can use as much as 14K and still have
some memory left outside BASIC09 for
loading and using disk-resident OS-9
utilities.
You can do a number of things in the
system mode. Type e or edit, and a
procedure name, and you enter the edit
mode. This is the line editor which
permits you to write a program module
or edit one whose source code was
loaded while you were in the system
mode. Once you have entered and
edited your program, you will want to
run it to see if it works. While in edit
mode, type q and press ENTER to return
to system mode. Now you can type run
and the procedure name to run the
program. Note that in BASIC09, pro-
grams or program modules are called
procedures.
Despite the syntax checking the ed-
itor does as you enter program lines and
the checking done when you quit the
editor, there may still be problems in
your program. Some of these BASIC09
will find as the program runs. In this
case, it puts you into Debug mode and
displays the offending line along with an
error message. If you have printerr in
your boot and the file of error messages
on your system disk, you get an error
number and message. Otherwise, you
get only an error number which you can
look up in the BASIC09 manual. At this
point, make sure you understand which
line has offended BASIC09 and the type
of error, and press ENTER to return to
the system mode.
1 88 THE RAINBOW November 1 986
HT=(RND(S<d2G)+l<d) :GDSUB HT
However, this a/ways sends the com-
puter back to Line 0. Hopefully there is
a simple answer to this problem and I
will feel foolish when I see it.
Kurt Hegle
Duluth, MN
I have seen the following lines in a few
programs:
10 X=RND(10):IF X=0 THEN 10
20 ON R GOTO 30,40,50,60,70,80,
90,100,110,120
i
See if this method will work for you,
Kurt.
• / have written a mailing list program
which writes a disk file containing all
the information. Since I own a CoCo
that won't handle the speed-up poke,
the program is extremely slow. I have
been contemplating rewriting the pro-
gram in machine language but I can't
figure out what to do with the disk
routine. The disk manual lists only one
built-in subroutine and it doesn 't tell me
how to update the directory. How is the
directory set up and how do I update it?
Blair G. Learn
Trafford, PA
It sounds like it would be simple,
doesn't it Blair? Well, it's not. Commu-
nication between the CoCo and disk
files is accomplished by the use of FCBs,
or file control blocks of data. A descrip-
tion of how all of this works is beyond
the scope of this column, but if you can
follow an assembly listing of the ma-
chine code I would recommend Disk
BASIC Unraveled, available from
Spectrum Projects. This book also
explains how all of this works, but it's
not for casual reading.
• / am interested in writing some as-
sembly programs to access the disk
drive directly without calling
DSKCON. I have the addresses for the
controller's registers, but I need the
specifications for these registers. For
example, I know that the status/ com-
mand register is at SFF48 but I don't
know what the status bits represent. I
know several of the commands, but I
am looking for a complete list. I am
hoping to write a CoCo-MS-DOS util-
ity that would allow cross copying and
formatting similar to the one published
in THE RAINBOW.
David Fulmer
Herminie, PA
David, I would again suggest Disk
BASIC Unraveled. It has an extensive
explanation of the WD 1793 Floppy
Disk Controller, including commands
and the buffer addresses you mention.
• My printer requires receipt of an
actual line feed character to perform
this function. It cannot be derived from
carriage return. Is there a poke or
relatively simple software modification
to cause the carriage return! line feed
combination?
David Schoepf
Vicksburg, MS
We have printed a program for gener-
ating LFs several times in the RAINBOW.
If you want to obtain a copy of the
program without looking through the
back issues, try the basic database on
Delphi. Look for a program called
LFCR, David, submitted by you-know-
who. I use this program all the time.
• What are the advantages / disadvan-
tages of a Multi-Pak versus a triple Y
cable?
If I only have three ROM Paks, is
there a reason why I should consider a
Multi-Pak?
Philip Raleigh
Augusta, MI
If you are using ROM Paks, Philip,
you have to have a Multi-Pak. ROM
Paks have no address decoding scheme
to distinguish where they are located in
memory. Another way to state the same
thing is that all ROM Paks are at the
same memory address, SC000. By using
a Multi-Pak you select the one you want
to use by enabling the chip select line for
that particular slot. Some other hard-
ware has address decoding circuitry,
therefore a Multi-Pak is not necessary.
Your technical questions are welcomed.
Please address them to: Downloads, the
rainbow, P.O. Box 385, Prospect, KY
40059. We reserve the right to publish only
questions of general interest and to edit for
space and clarity. Due to the large volume
of mail we receive, we are unable to answer
letters individually.
Your technical questions may also be sent
to us through the MAIL section of our new
Delphi CoCo SIG. From the CoCo SIG>
prompt, pick DELPHI MAIL, then type
SEND and address TO: DANDOWNARD.
Be sure to include your complete name and
address.
SINGLE BOARD 6809 CPU
6809 Processor, Eprom & 8K Static Ram.
Interfaces directly to I/O Port and 48K Ram expansion board.
ANALOG AND DIGITAL I/O PORTS
Parallel 8 bit Input & output for your CoCo, and Models 1, III, 4.
• MODULAR DESIGN FOR ADDITION OF MULTIPLE PORTS
SINGLE BOARDS (Raqulm 5V Supply)
I/O port kit (J 107 K) $35
A-D/D-A Interface (J202K)' $35
CoCo Adapter-required tor CoCo (J110K) $15
5 Voll Power Supply (D100K) $25
Relay Array Kit ( J027K) $32
'requires J107K I/O Port kit
Stand Alons 6806 CPU Board (MX 90) $40
48 K Static Ram Board (MS 488) $50
D & A Research
400 Wilson Avenue
Satellite Beach, FL 32937
305/777-7853
COMPLETE SYSTEMS
DIGITAL MEMORY SCOPE— Converts
the CoCo TV display into an oscilllscope
screen. 'Maximum Sample Rate ... 10 khz.
(S101M) $149.00
DIGITAL RECORDER and DELAY— Record
and play back audio signals up to ten seconds.
(S102M) $169.00
2716 EPROM Programmer-Programs
' and verifies from CoCo's memory.
(S103M) $149.00
PBBS 4.5 OS 9 BULLETIN BOARD
Features: 300/1200/2400 Baud - Users groups
2500 Download flies - Multiple sub-boards - Chat
Many improvements over 4.2 - EXPANDABLE!!!
Requires: OS-9 - Basic09 - TRS-80 RS-232 pak
480K disk space: RAM/Hard/floppy drives - Multipak
Auto-answer modem - 64K CoCo 1 . 2, or 3
Send Money Order S. D. Roberson
for $50.00 to: 1702 W. Mountain View Dr.
(AZ res. add 6 .53) Mesa, AZ 85201
See PBBS in operation 24 hours a day: 602-844-7840
November 1 986 THE RAINBOW 1 87
t
DOWNLOADS
Extending Your
BASIC ROM
4
By Dan Downard
Rainbow Technical Editoi
• A few months ago, one of my relatives
bought a 16K CoCo 2 with standard
Color BASIC. It was child's play to
upgrade it to 64K, and I can easily buy
an Extended BASIC ROM in Montreal
Do I only have to replace the chip or
is there any jumper or soldering needed
to complete the job?
Alain Hetu
Montreal Quebec
On the original Color Computer and
most CoCo 2 models, Alain, the Ex-
tended BASIC ROM is a 24-pin chip that
simply plugs into the empty socket next
to the existing Color BASIC ROM. With
this version, no jumper changes are
necessary.
On a number of CoCo 2s manufac-
tured in Korea, the existing Color BASIC
24-pin chip is installed in a 28-pin
socket; to install Extended BASIC, you
replace this chip with a different 28-pin
device that contains both Color BASIC
and Extended BASIC. In addition, sev-
eral jumper wires (marked 64K next to
the wire and 128K near an adjacent
hole) will have to be changed so that the
128K side is connected to the center
hole.
Check your machine before buying a
ROM to install in it, and make sure the
dealer sells you the right chip for your
version of the CoCo.
Dan Downard is an electrical engineer
and has been involved in electronics for
27 years through Ham radio (K4KWT).
His interest in computers began about
eight years ago and he has built several
68 XX systems.
1 86 THE RAINBOW November 1 986
• lam working on a BBS program right
now and was wondering how to make
the user's screen clear in this program.
I know it is a type of character code but
I don't know what the code is.
Steve Slack
Bear, DE
It depends on what type of terminal
software the BBS user has, Steve. Nor-
mally an escape sequence is used by
most modern terminal emulation soft-
ware to clear the screen and home the
cursor. Unless your BBS has the capa-
bility of customizing the user in terms
of his terminal type, I wouldn't even try
to send a clear screen code.
• I have an Adds- Regent-200 Terminal.
Is there any way to use the monitor with
my CoCo? The Regent monitor uses
separate horizontal vertical and video
inputs. Could it be interfaced with the
RS-232 Ij O?
John G. Wood
Schenectady, NY
John, there are two ways to use the
terminal, but you can't use just the
monitor. The Remote2 program in this
issue of the rainbow permits operation
of your CoCo from a remote, terminal.
Another way to accomplish this task
is by using the multi-user features of
OS-9. OS-9 has the ability to be shared
by a remote terminal either through the
serial I/O input on the rear of your
CoCo, or by use of an RS-232 Pak.
• I'm attempting to start a new BBS ir
San Diego and Denver for the Coloi
Computer. The problem is that I can',
find an Ij O driver for a BASIC program
If you can help me at all I would reall)
appreciate it.
Matthew Lemons
San Diego, CA
Matthew, the Remote2 progam men-
tioned in the previous letter will also
solve your problem, and for the price ol
your rainbow magazine.
• lam using a 64 K Color Computer it
Mexico City which is at an altitude q
7,250 feet above sea level In the envi
ronmental specifications for the CoCc
it says: altitude -100 to 6,000 feet abovi
sea level. Why? Will I have any prob
lems? So far it's working just fine.
A. Bromberz
Mexico City, Mexico
I am sure your CoCo will work fine
in Mexico City, but I do not know the
reason for the altitude limitation. Fir
sure we have someone reading the
column who can satisfy our curiosity,
though.
• / am writing a program in which 1
would like to GDSUB a random choice
of lines between 11 and 5036. Here is
how I am attempting to do this:
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DONUT DILEMMA
Angry Angelo has raided Antonio's Donut
Factory sending the entire complex amuck!
Donuts have come alive and all the
machines are out of control. You must
reach floor 10, past the Fat Spurters,
Cream Blasters and Berserk Bucket to
name a few, and deactivate the power
generator to restore law and order. But
hurry! Time is running out!
Requires 32K
T ape $21 .95 Disk $24.95
Maui Vice
Step into the shoes of Crockett & Tubbs,
and gather evidence, photographs and wit-
nesses to convict your suspects! With
"windows" to select your options, hi-res
graphics, and a new story generated each
time you play. This is state-of-the-art that
guarantees excitement and newness every
time you play.
64K Ext. Basic & Joystick Required
Tape $18.95 Disk $21 .95
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The Misadventures of Eddie— Eddie is
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Brewm aster- Move along the end of the
bars, serving beer to your thirsty customers.
Fast-paced action. 32K & Joystick.
Tape $14.95 Disk $17.95
Martian Crypt— Life once existed on Mars!
Find the hidden Martian crypt. Animated
hi-res graphic adventure with sound effects.
32K Tape $18.95 Disk $21 .95
NEW RELEASE
FOURCUBE
Now you can play TIC-TAC-TOE in 3D. The
board consists of a 4x4x4 grid of ceils. Pit
your wits against the computer with six
levels of difficulty or against your favorite
opponent. Sound easy? Try it and you'll
agree with us when we say its a "real
challenge".
Requires 32K 1 or 2 Player s
Tape $15.95 Disk $18.95
Moneyopoly
Play the popular board game on one of
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32K Joystick Required
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Six games in ail! Blackjack, Keno, Video
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16K Ext. Basic Required
Tape $24.95 Disk^27^"5
NEW RELEASE
LUNCHTIME
Your chef, Peter Pepper, is surrounded!
Dodge pickles, hot dogs, and eggs while
building hamburgers. This high res game
features 7 difficult levels of wild entertain-
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two players. Have a Burger Time. . .
Requires 32K & Joysticks
Tape $18.95 Disk $21.95
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win Elsie's heart. Super graphics.
64K Tape $24.95 Disk $27.95
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Gather treasure but avoid the deadly traps!
160 exciting screens.
32K & Joystick or Keyboard
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Ordering Information
• Add $3 shipping/handling
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• Dealers welcome
• Many more titles— write for free catalog!
Credit Card Orders
Call 616/957-0444
DCS MINI-CATALOG
Educational Best-Sellers!
P-51 Mustang
Attack/Flight Simulation
The ultimate video experience! Link two
CoCo's together by cable or modem, and
compete against your opponent across
the table OR across the country! (Both
computers require a copy of this program).
The P-51 flight simulator lets you fly this WWII
attack fighter in actual combat situations—
against another player OR against the
computer.
32K Machine Language
Flight Manual Included
Tape $29.95 Disk $34.95
Worlds of Flight
Small Plane Simulation
Real-time simulation generates panoramic
3-D views of ground features as you fly
your sophisticated plane in any of nine
different "worlds." Program models over 35
different aircraft/flight parameters. Realistic
sound effects too! Manual included helps
you through a typical short flight.
32K Machine Language
Flight Manual Included
Joysticks Required
Tape $29.95 Disk $34.95
Teachers Database II— Allows teachers
to keep computerized files of students.
Recently updated with many new features!
• Up to 1 00 students, 24 items per student
• Many easy-to-follow menus
• Records can be changed, deleted,
combined
- Statistical analysis of scores
■ Grades can be weighed, averaged,
percentaged
• Individual progress reports
• Student seating charts
• Test result graphs/grade distribution
charts
64K TDBII $59.95 Disk Only
32K TDBI $42.95 Tape $39.95
NOW AVAILABLE FOR IBM PC &
COMPATIBLES-Holds information on up to
250 students with as many as 60 individual
items of data for each. Contains the
features listed above PLUS.
Requires 128K ■ $89.95
Factpack-Three programs for home or
school use provide drill and practice with
basic "-/+/-*-/x" Grades 1-6.
32K Ext. Basic
Tape $24.95 Disk $29.95
Vocabulary Management System— Helps
children learn and practice using vocabu-
lary and spelling words. Eleven programs
including three printer segments for tests,
puzzles, worksheets and five games; many
features make this a popular seller!
Requires 16K Ext. Basic/
32K for Printer Output
Tape $39.95 Disk $42.95
Fractions— A Three-Program Package.
1 /Mixed & Improper 2/Equivalence
3/Lowest Terms. Practice, review and defi-
nitions make learning easy.
32K Ext. Basic
Tape $30.95 Disk $35.95
NEW RELEASE
GOLD FINDER
Here's the quality you have come to expect
from TOM MIX. Another outstanding color
computer game. This one ranks right up
there with "Donkey Kong". Listen to this:
69 levels for one or two players PLUS you
can create your own levels (up to 306 on
a disk). Endless possibilities await you in
this exciting new creation. Move over
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THE BLACK HOLE
For anyone who enjoys solving a challeng-
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puzzle composed of 63 numbered cubes
in a 4 by 4 by 4 array that leaves one
BLACK HOLE. You tell the computer to sort
the cubes and the computer tells you to put
them in numerical order. A real brain
bender. Outstanding color and action.
Years of entertainment. . .
For IBM PC & Compatibles
$24.95
More Tandy-IBM/PC software available.
Unique Utilities!
New! Use the tools we've used to create
"Donkey King," "Sailor Man" and others!
• Full use of 64K RAM
• 100% Machine Language
• No ROM Calls
• Selectable Drive
• Support 1-4 drives
• Menu Selected functions
• "Cold Start" exit to Basic
• Parameters easily changeable in basic
loader
MAS Assembler -the finest ever!
(Includes EDT)
Disk $74.95
EDT- Effortless full screen editing w/2-way
cursor. Text files to 48K+. Copy, save,
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Deputy Inspector-Alphabetize, resort and
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copy files or programs, auto-reallocate
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Ordering Information
Call us at 616/957-0444
for Charge Card orders
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Authors -We pay top
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• / have a Co Co I (Catalog No. 26-
3003) I have upgraded to 64 K. I cannot
get the high-speed poke (POKE
65495,0,) to work.
Ronald J. Hauck
Hilton, NY
Neither the CoCo 1 nor 2 was de-
signed to run with either high-speed
poke. The chips on the board and the
layout of those chips and their support
circuitry were not designed for reliable
operation at those speeds. It is true that
some CoCo Is and most CoCo 2s do
appear to run faster after the high-speed
poke, but I recommend never using it
for any serious computing. All models
of CoCo 1 computers are less likely to
even appear to run properly at higher
speeds because of RFI "smog-control"
capacitors on the *E' and 4 Q' clock that
distort the clock signals. These capac-
itors are best yanked out in the interests
of cleaner operation at the normal
speed. On your 'F' or "NC" board
revision model of CoCo, this means
cutting out C36 and C37 (both small 56
pF [picofarad] disk capacitors). On
earlier 'D' and board CoCo 1 mod-
els, these are numbered C73 and C75.
While you are at it, I suggest you cut out
C30 (also a 56 pF capacitor). On T>' and
'E' board CoCo Is that means cutting
out C86 (a 220 pF capacitor).
The CoCo 3 was designed from the
start to properly operate at full double
speed.
* I am attempting to use my CoCo as
a terminal for my IBM PC compatible.
I use the MODE command and
changed consoles to COM1 using MS-
DOS' CTTY command. Iam using VIP
Term on my CoCo, but I cannot get this
to work. I suspect a problem in the way
I wired my null modem cable.
Bruce Bell
Rockmart, GA
* I am trying to use Deskmate's Tele-
com to transfer data between my CoCo
and my Tandy Model 100. I can get
keypresses on the M 100 to display on
the CoCo screen but not the other way
around. I also tried using the software
in my RS-232 Program Pak for my
CoCo, but had the same problem. Can
you help?
Graeme Mead
Kuala Belait, Brunei
I own both a Model 100 and an IBM
PC XT-compatible, and I, too, had
problems getting my CoCo to talk
properly to them. I use the PBJ 2SP
dual RS-232 Pak and Mikeyterm on my
CoCo, and use PROCOM on my PC
compatible and either normal Telecom
or Telecom enhanced by Sigea System's
XT EL on my Model 100. The solution
to my cable problem involved arranging
for proper handshaking on the RS-232
control line(s). Those using PBJ 2SP-
Pak or the bit-banger port itself should
use the following cable:
CoCo bit banger Model 100 or PC compatible
or PBJ 2S P port DB25 coiraectoic
four-pin DIN connector
Pin I
(carrier detect)
Pin 2 (RD)
Pin 3 (gnd)
Pin 4 (TO)
Pins 6, 8 and 20
(short those pins and
hook them to Pin 1 of
CoCo)
Pin 2 (TD)
Pin 7 (gnd)
Pin 3 (RD)
In addition, on the DB25 connector
that plugs into the M 100 or PC com-
patible, short Pin 4 to Pin 5.
If you are using an RS-232 Pak, the
needed null modem connector will have
DB25 connectors at both ends:
CoCo RS-232 Pak
DB25 connector
PC Compatible or M 100
DB25 connector
Pin2(TD)
Pin3(RD)
Pin 3 (RD)
Pin2(TD)
Pin 1 (gnd)
Pin 7 (gnd)
Short together
pins 5, 6 and 8
of CoCo RS-232 Pak
DB2S connector
Short together pins
4 and 5, and
short pins 6, 8
and 20 of the M 100 or
PC compatible
connector.
(On the PC compatible, pins 4 and 5 are
not connected to pins 6, 8 and 20.)
In general, the problem Mr. Mead
described is one in which the DCD or
DSR line going to the UART of the RS-
232 Pak is not properly activated,
causing the transmitter part of the
UART to shut down. Shorting the pins
as I described should tie those lines high
and allow proper functioning of the RS-
232 Pak, for Pin 5 of that pack is
internally tied high (active). Note there
is no such thing as an "all purpose" null
modem connector. Such a connector
must always be tailored to the idiosyn-
cracies of the particular implementation
of the RS-232 lines of the machines
being used.
• I just looked inside my CoCo 2 (Ca-
talog No. 3 134 A) 16 K Color BASIC
(non- Extended) computer, preparing to
upgrade it to 64 K using two 4464
DRAM chips. I saw five jumpers near
the ROM socket (four above it and one
to the side of it) labeled 128K/64K.
Does this mean lean upgrade my CoCo
2 to 128K?
Greg Vargo
Oklahoma City, OK
Those five jumpers have nothing to
do with the RAM memory of your
computer, which cannot be upgraded
beyond 64K. Rather, they relate to the
number of bits in the ROM chip used
for the BASIC operating system. They
are provided to allow upgrading from
Standard Color BASIC to Extended
Color basic. Previously, such an up-
grade consisted of adding an extra 24-
pin, 8K-by-8 Extended basic ROM.
This ROM had a total of 64K bits of
data on it. On your model of computer,
however, the upgrade to Extended
Color basic consists of removing the
old 64K, 24-pin ROM chip, moving all
five of those jumpers to the 128K po-
sition, and inserting a 28-pin, 128K
ROM chip ($40, Catalog No. 26-3018).
You will have to use a wire cutter and
soldering iron to move those five
jumpers.
Your technical questions are welcomed.
Please address them to CoCo Consultations,
THE rainbow, P.O. Box 385, Prospect, KY
40059.
We reserve the right to publish only
questions of general interest and to edit for
brevity and clarity. Due to the large volume
of mail we receive, we are unable to answer
letters individually.
For quicker response time, your questions
may also be posted in the FORUM section
of rainbow's CoCo SIG on Delphi. In
FORUM, type RDD and address your ques-
tions to the username MARTYGOOD-
MAN. Marty is on most every evening to
respond to FORUM messages. Other CoCo
SIG members may also reply to questions
posted in this public message area. Please be
sure to leave your name and address in any
FORUM questions, since those of wide
interest will be selected for publication in
this column.
November 1 986 THE RAINBOW 1 83
COCO CONSULTATIONS
Memory Expansion Magic
By Marty Goodman
Rainbow Contributing Editor
• While upgrading a Co Co 2 (Catalog
No. 26-3 134B) from 16K to 64K, I
noticed board pads for eight 4164 (64K
by 1) chips and sockets for two 4464
(64K by 4) chips. Can memory be
increased either way or can both be
added for 128K with switching?
I am interested in upgrading my
CoCo to 128K using the Polycom
board. Is this feasible?
Phil Creasy
Hermitage, PA
I have seen the board you refer to.
The CoCo 2 in question was not de-
signed to be upgraded to more than 64K
by Radio Shack. The upgrade using two
4464 chips is by far the preferred ap-
proach.
Martin H. Goodman, M.D., a physi-
cian trained in anesthesiology, is a
longtime electronics tinkerer and out-
spoken commentator — sort of the
Howard Cose 11 of the CoCo world.
Marty is the database manager of rain-
bow's CoCo SIG on Delphi. His non-
computer passions include running,
mountaineering and outdoor photo-
graphy. Marty lives in San Pablo,
California.
All 128K CoCo 1 or CoCo 2 upgrades
are obsolete. The only memory up-
grades to even consider are the 256K
and 512K upgrades. Of these, the two
to consider are the J&R Banker and the
Disto RAM Disk Card, both advertised
in rainbow. The J&R Banker has the
advantage of not requiring a multipack,
but unless you make a correction in its
design (outlined in a file on Delphi in
the hardware hacking topic area) it
causes incompatibilities with existing
software. It is installed inside the CoCo
and requires some electronic ability.
The Disto RAM card requires a multi-
pack and is less flexible than the J&R
Banker in that video memory cannot be
addressed to it and access is slower.
However, it will work with all models
of CoCo, including the CoCo 3, and it
can be upgraded to 5 1 2K or even to one
megabyte. Installation is easy, just plug
it into the multipack.
Neither upgrade works well as a
RAM disk under Disk BASIC, but both
work excellently as a RAM Disk under
OS-9.
• / want to offset load an ML progran
to an address in memory below tht
address it normally goes to. The Dish
BASIC Manual only tells me how tc
offset load it to an address above when
it normally goes. Can you help me?
Andrew Elliner (CROPPER,
The offset load address works ir
groups of 65,536 address locations
(Modulo Hex 10000). That is, if you
have an ML program that normall}
loads starting at Hex 8000 and you wanl
to load it in starting at Hex 4000, type
LDflDM "filename", &HC000. Af
another example, if you saved youi
Disk BASIC ROM to disk using SfiVEf
"ROM"' , &HC000,&HDFFF,&HA027,
and now want to load it into memory
starting at Hex 3000 in RAM, just type
LDRDM "RDM", &H7000. In general, tc
offset load an ML file that normally
loads in at Address S to Address N
(where N is smaller than S), type: LDflDf
"filename", (65536-S)+N
182 THE RAINBOW November 1986
t
0329
032B
0336
033D
0341
0345
036D
0398
03BD
J33C1
03D6
03E2
03E9
03ED
03F4
03F6
040B
0423
0443
ENDIF
NEXT count
erase=l
ENDLOOP
REM *
this subroutine uses an input value
of 0 to 60 to draw a hand on the clock
at the 0 to 360 degree positions
10
REM *
REM *
REM *
REM *
angle=360/60*lasttime (count)
IF count=3 THEN
radius=120
ELSE
radius=160
ENDIF
x2=xl+SIN (angle) *radius
y2=yl-COS (angle) * (radius/2)
RUN gfx2 ("Iine",xl,yl,x2,y2)
RETURN
BASIC COMPILER
VASATCHKAHE oelievKB that users of the Color Computer deserve the
right to use all 64k of RAM that Is available In the computer, and have
fast machine language programs that use the full potential of the 680a
microprocessor. That is why the BASIC compiler, called MLBASIC was
developed. Here are some of the reasons that make this compiler one of
the best bargains in this magazine:
- Uie p?? 64k of RAM for program storage and/or variables
Tu.il floating Point arithmetic expressions with functions
« P>i7.:>. sequential and direct access disk flleB allowed
- BASIC source and M.L. output I/O to disk, tape or memory
- Many new comaands that expand your programming capability
Commands Supported
"1. I/O -Commands
CLOSE CLOADU CSAVEM
GET IK PUT KILL
DIR
LSET
DRIVE
OPEN
DSKIS
PRINT
DSKOS
PUT
FIELD
RSET
FILES
USISG
Program Control Commands
CALL END EXEC FOR
THEN ELSE ERROR ON.. GO
STEP
RETURN
NEXT
STOP
GOSUB GOTO
SUBROUTINE
IF
Math Functions
ABS ASC ATN
INT LEN LOG
SGN SIN SQR
COS
LOC
TAN
CVN
LOF
TIMER
EOF
PEEK
VAL
EXP
POINT
FIX
PPOINT
INSTR
RND
String Functions
CHRS INKEYS LEFTS
MIDS
MKNS
RIGHTS
STRS
STRINGS
Graphic/Sound Commands
COLOR CLS CIRCLE
PMODE PRESET PSET
DU A*
RESET
LINE
SCREEN
PAINT
SET
PCLEAR
SOUND
PCLS
PLAY
Other/Special Commands
DATA DIM LLIST
TAD VERIFY DLD
REAL SREG SWP
MOTOR
DST
VECTD
POKE
IBSHFT
VECTI
READ
LREG
REM
PCOPY
RESTORE
PMODD
RUN*
PTV
Cowpiled Program Speed (Time in minute* ; seconds )
Program Interpreter MLBASIC
Eratosthenes Sieve 6:58.7 0 : 06 . 3
Matrix Fill, Mult .Sum
10x10 0:30.9 0:02.5
String Manipulation 6:22.5 2:17.7
Floating Point 0:32.6 0:30.6
Disk I/O
(2000 PRINT/INPUTb) 2:21.3 0;27.6
RAINBOW
CfftTTfXATKM
DON'T HESITATE. . .BUY MLBASIC TODAY
Dlak - $69.95
Tape - $69.95
loth - $74.95
64 K REQUIRED
Include $4.00 Shipping and Handling
Utah residents add 5.75 % tax
Check ot Money Orders Only (No C.O.D.)
CALL (801) 943-6263
WasatchWare
7350 Nutree Drive
Salt Lake City, UT
84121
Microuiorld
Microuiorld II
230 Moorestown Rd. Wind Gap, PA 18091
(215) 759-7662
LOW PRICES, (SHIPPING INCLUDED)
ON 100* TANDY EQUIPMENT
Tandy 1000
w/2-disk, 256k
Tandy 1000EX
Tandy 1000SX
DMP-105
DMP-130
DMP-430
$575
$799
$585
$875
$110
$269
$535
CoCo II $120
CoCo 3 $170
Drive 0 $185
Multipack . $75
i5* OFF ALL OTHER TANDY HARDWARE !!
20* OFF ALL OTHER TANDY SOFTWARE !!
Prices & availability
subject to change
November 1986 THE RAINBOW 181
Listing 4: clocl<4
0000 REM *
0004 REM * clock4
000F REM * run the clock
0021 REM *
0025 REM * define the variables to use
0045 REM *
0049 DIM Xl,yl,x2,y2 : INTEGER
005C DIM count, erase, radius, angle: INTEGER
006F DIM time (3) ,lasttime (3) : INTEGER
0084 DIM gettime: STRING
008B REM *
008F REM * initialize the variables
00 AC REM *
00B0 Xl=320
pj3B8 yl=95
00BF erase=0
00C6 DEG
00C8 REM *
00CC REM * set the drawing color to "cyan"
00F0 REM * and the drawing mode to "XOR, "
0113 REM * producing "red" hands on the
0134 REM * white portion of the clock face
0158 REM *
015C SHELL "display lb 32 06"
0170 SHELL "display lb 2f 03"
0184 REM *
0188 REM * this is the actual time-keeping
01AC REM * loop
01B5 REM *
01B9 REM *
01BD REM * wait for the time to change
J31DD REM *
01E1 LOOP
J31E3 WHILE DATE$=gettime DO
01EE ENDWHILE
01F2 REM *
01F6 REM * get the time, convert to integer, and save in time array
0233 REM *
0237 gettime=DATE$
023D time (1)=VAL(MID$ (gettime, 16, 2) )
024F time(2)=VAL(MID$(gettime,13,2) )
02 61 time ( 3 ) =5*VAL(MID$ (gettime , 10 , 2 ) ) +time ( 2 ) /12
0281 REM *
0285 REM * determine whether hours, minutes and/or
02B1 REM * seconds changed, if so, redraw the hand
02DD REM *
02E1 FOR count=l TO 3
02F1 IF time (count) olasttime (count) THEN
0304 IF ers.se<>0 THEN
0310 GOSUB 10
0314 ENDIF
0316 lasttime (count) =time (count)
0325 GOSUB 10
180 THE RAINBOW November 1986
Recommended Reading for Your CoCofrom . . .
The Rainbow Bookshelf
The Complete Rainbow Guide To OS-9
The book that demystifies the state-of-the-art operating system
for the Tandy Color Computer. Authors Dale L Puckett and Peter
Dibble show you how to take advantage of OS-9's multi-tasking
and multi-user features, and the capability of redirecting input
and output commands at will. An easy-to-read, step-by-step guide
packed with hints and tips, tutorials and free software in the form
of program listings.
Book $19.95, Disk $31.00 (2 disks, book not included)
The Rainbow Book of Simulations
Features 20 award-winning entries from THE RAINBOW'S first
Simulation programming competition. You are the Commander-
in-Chief of the Confederate Army during the Civil War, an air
traffic controller at one of the nation's busiest airports, the owner
of your own software business, a civil defense coordinator in
charge of saving Rainbow City from a raging flood, a scientist
conducting experiments on Mars . . . Your wits are on the line.
Book $9.95, Tape $9.95
Coming soon
The Rainbow Guide to Introductory Statistics
The Second Rainbow Book of Simulations
I want to start my own Rainbow Bookshelf!
Please send me;
□ The Rainbow Book of Simulations $ 9.95
□ Rainbow Simulations Tape $ 9.95
□ The Complete Rainbow Guide to OS-9
(book only) $1 9.95
□ Rainbow Guide to OS-9 Disk Package (2 disks) $31 .00
Name
□ The Rainbow Book of Adventures (first)
□ Rainbow Adventures Tape (first)
$ 7.95
$ 7.95
□ The Second Rainbow Book of Adventures $13.95
□ Second Rainbow Adventures Tape $13.95
Kentucky residents add 5% sales tax
Add $1.50 per book Shipping and Handling in U.S.
Outside U.S., add $4.00 per book
(Allow 6 to 8 weeks for delivery) Total
Address
City
State
The Rainbow Book of Adventures
A collector's item containing 14 winning programs from THE
rainbow's very first Adventure contest. Includes such favorites
as Sir Randolf of the Moors, Search for the Ruby Chalice, Deed
of the York, Horror House, One Room, The Door and Dr. Avaloe.
Plus, hints and tips on solving Adventures.
Book $7.95, Tape $7.95
The Second Rainbow Book of Adventures
Our newest arrival features 24 of the most challenging Adventure
games ever compiled. Meet the Beatles and battle the Blue
Meanies, find a hidden fortune, or win the heart of a beautiful
and mysterious princess. Experience the thrills and chills of the
most rugged Adventurer without ever leaving your seat. Ring
Quest, Secret Agent Man, Dark Castle, Curse of Karos, Island
and morel
Book $13.95, Tape $13.95
••■ : \;.\?.>X
□ Payment Enclosed, or □ Charge to:
□ VISA □ MasterCard □ American Express
Account Number
Card Expiration Date
Signature
Mail to: Rainbow Bookshelf, The Falsoft Building, P.O. Box 385, Prospect, KY 40059.
Please note: The tapes and disks offered by The Rainbow Bookshelf are not stand-alone products. That is, they are intended to be an
adjunct and complement to the books. Even if you buy the tape or disk, you will still need the appropriate book.
OS-9® is a registered trademark of the Microware Systems Corporation.
To order by phone (credit card orders only) call 800-847-0309, 8 a.m. to 5 p.m. EST. For other Inquiries call 502-228-4492.
_
t
Listing 3: clocl<3
f% fH f% f%
FFPP
(% fA ffi A
REM *
clocks
o( fIL T^i
pppr
REM *
draw the hour numbers
pp zv
REM *
(A (A OV\
Pp ZD
REM *
define the variables to use
(ACHATS
REM *
(A (A 1
ppD ±
DIM Xl,yl,x2,y2, a: INTEGER
(A(A&Q
ppoo
REM *
(A 05 £f
REM *
set drawing mode to "store"
(AfAQn
7 «\ mm) m m ■
REM *
(A (A Q (A
Pyj^P
SHELL
"display lb 2f j3^"
ppt\ t ±
m >\ mm| m m m
REM *
(A (A A Q
REM *
set the foreground color to "
ppup
REM *
(A(AT\A
SHELL
"display lb 32 J3j3"
(A (AX? Q
PpttO
REM *
ft ft, TTl /"I
pjuhiQ
REM *
the following data statements
P±jO£j
REM *
define the roman numerals for
(Al O (A
P±Op
REM *
the 3, 6, 9 and 12 o'clock
fill >| p
J314r
REM *
positions
J015D
REM *
J0161
DATA
296,16,312,32
0M "7 *3
DATA
312,16,296,32
fl(T QC
J0 lo D
DATA
32j3, 16, 32j3, 32
J0197
DATA
336, 16,336, 32
DATA
292,16,34j3,16
DATA
292 , 32 , 34j3, 32
m, mm*
DATA
44j3,87,48j3,87
n< i Pit?
DATA
44j3, lj33 , 48J3, 1J33
011 ITT
J01r X
DATA
444, 87,444, 1J33
(AO (AO.
p Zp J
DATA
46j3,87,46j3,lj33
pZ±D
DATA
476, 87,476, 1J33
(Ao on
p Z Z /
DATA
^4 ft ™ | PM> Mk A ^ M MB ^\
30fS , 159 , 332 , 159
(A 0 0. Q
p Z 3z)
DATA
300, 175, 332 , 175
(AO A 15
DATA
304,159,312,175
DATA
312,175,320,159
fit O ^ "P
)0z or
DATA
328,159,328,175
pZoX
DATA
160,87,192,87
(AO Ol
pZ¥ ±
DATA
160,103,192,103
P Zi\±
DATA
164,87,164,103
(% o n t
pZnL
DATA
172,87,188,103
DATA
172,103,188,87
pZU±
REM *
PZUD
REM *
start drawing
/T( T-| »"7
J02E7
REM *
j32EB
FOR a
=1 TO 21
pzr id
READ Xl,yl,x2,y2
(Ai (Ar*
pjp\~
RUN
gfx2 ("Iine",xl,yl,x2,y2)
032C
NEXT
a
0337
REM *
033B
REM *
finished, "chain" to run
0358
REM *
035C
CHAIN
"ex basic09 clock4"
1 78 THE RAINBOW November 1 986
J3592 SHELL "display lb 40 00 c9 00 5f"
J35AF SHELL "display lb 4a 01 b7 00 9d"
05CC REM *
05D0 REM * finished with the background,
05F2 REM * "chain" to the ticker
060C REM *
0610 CHAIN "ex basic09 clock2"
Listing 2: clocl<2
0000
REM *
0004
r r r
REM * clock2
0007
REM * draw the tick marks around the face
0037
REM *
003B
REM * define the variables to use
X \XJ1 X «A ^b* bbb> X bY Kb* A X V M X bbb> M X/ aXa »bb» bbJ V** \/ Wi BbV
005B
JL/ JL/ «^ X-S
REM *
X \^ x x
005F
DIM angle . color f xl f yl f x2 , y2 f x3 f v3 , a f b : INTEGER
mm B^Bl A A BPB» •> . ™J B BbB" ^P" 1 MFS BHB Mf B* Bh BBB> V »~ SBB> _f B> Bk BBB ■ W~ mm W BB Bk BBF W W mm V BM W ^BB» BJ BS B> B ^tart ^B» A^BI BB Bj
008A
REM *
008E
REM * initialize the variables
00AB
REM *
BB BBBBSi B>
013 AF
Xl=320
• ■ bbj bbf mm Mm*
00B7
Vl=95
W mam mw mm
00BE
JL/ X/ J_/ J_J
color=]
00C5
DEG
00C7
REM *
00CB
JL/ X/ J—/
REM * set the drawincr mode to "XOR 11
00ED
JL/ mJ X^ x^
REM *
X XI IX X
00F1
SHELL "disolav lb 2f 03"
0105
REM *
1
0109
R*RM * draw the ticks
011C
REM *
011 901
FOR a = 01 TO 1 1
01 1 ^01
FOR h=0 TO 4
0H 401
px<ip
ancrl p=a*^ 0+b*fi
011 f^O
J0 xD 6
Oil £1
_y — ^uo ^ allele y -? j
p ± / p
ir jj — p ± niLiN
\7*^ =POQ f a "n r*f 1 a\ 4f QO
y j-l-vo ^ cii i^ ic j ** o ^
019A
ELSE
019E
x3=SIN (angle) *175 *
plAD
y3=C0S (angle) *87
plBC
ENDIF
01BE
color=color+l
01C9
IF color=8 THEN
01D5
color=l
j31DC
ENDIF
01DE
RUN gf x2 ( "color" , color)
01FJ3
RUN gfx2 ("Iine",xl+x2 / yl-y2,xl+x3,yl-y3)
021C
NEXT b
0227
NEXT a
0232
REM *
0236
REM * end of ticker, "chain" to numbers
025C
REM *
0260
CHAIN "ex basicj39 clock3"
November 1 986 THE RAINBOW 1 77
The DS-69A is the best video digitizer available for your COCO at any price. This new, turbocharged version of our
original DS-69 Digisector allows your 64K COCO to see clearly into the world of any television picture.
SPEED!
PRECISION!
RESOLUTION!
Compabitibility
Compactness
Convenience
Ease of Use
The fastest — 8 images per second!
The highest — 64 levels of true grey scale!
The finest — 256 x 256 picture elements!
Use with a black and white or color camera, a VCR or tuner.
Self contained in a plug in Rompack.
Use with a Y-cable, Multi-Pak, PBJ Bus or plug directly into the cartridge slot.
Software on disk will get you up and running fast! .
POWERFUL C-SEE ™ SOFTWARE
C-SEE is the menu driven software package included with your DS-69A. Available on disk or cassette, it provides
lightning fast 5 level digitizing to the screen, high precision 16 level digitizing for superb hard copy printout and
simple keyboard or joystick control of brightness and contrast. Or call our driver routines from your own Basic
program for easy 64 level random access digitizing. Pictures taken by the DS— 69A may be saved on disk or
cassette by C-SEE and then edited with COCO MAX, MAGIGRAPH or GRAPHICOM for special effects. Any of the
popular printers may be used to obtain printouts of images digitized by the DS-69A.
ONE YEAR WARRANTY
DS-69A Digisector & C-SEE III Software
OR your DS-69 &
MAGIGRAPH Graphics Editor on disk
$149.95
$ 59.95
$ 39.95
TM
DS-69 DIGISECTOR
THERE'S ONLY ONE BETTER VIDEO DIGITIZER . . .
And that's the DS-69A. The DS-69 is The Micro Works' original video digitizer, tried and true since 1984. It provides
almost all the features of the DS-69A and is now available at a new low price. The DS69 features;
SLUGGISHNESS 2 images per second. Quick enough to freeze all but the fastest moving pictures.
INCOMPATIBILITY Brightly colored scenes may be striped when using a color camera.
INCONVENIENCE Will not work with a Y cable.
Otherwise, it's a DS-69A. Precision, resolution, compactness, ease of use, software and warranty.
Except one last thing.
DS-69 Digisector & C-SEE III Software $ 99.95
Superb image quality produced by both Digisectors.
Screen
Screen
Printout
NO RISK GUARANTEE
If you are not completely satisfied with the performance of. your new DS-69A or DS-f
you may return it, undamaged, within ten days for a full refund of the purchase prio
We'll even pay the return shipping. If you can get any of our competitors to give yoi
the same guarantee, buy both and return the one you don't like. We know which oni
you'll keep.
Terms: Visa, Mastercard, Check or C.O.D.
mm
P.O. Box 1110 Del Mar, CA 92014 (619) 942-24C
Purveyors of Fine Video Digitizers Since 1977.
02 6B REM * for the next circle
0283 REM * circle 1
0290 REM *
0294 SHELL "display lb 50 00 bf"
02AB SHELL "display lb 4f"
02BC SHELL "display lb 32 06"
02D0 REM *
02D4 REM * circle 2
02E1 REM *
02E5 SHELL "display lb 50 00 77"
02FC . SHELL "display lb 4f"
030D SHELL "display lb 32 05"
0321 REM *
0325 REM * circle 3
0332 REM *
0336 SHELL "display lb 50 00 66"
034D SHELL "display lb 4f"
035E SHELL "display lb 32 04"
0372 REM *
0376 REM * circle 4
0383 REM *
0387 SHELL "display lb 50 00 55"
039E SHELL "display lb 4f"
03AF SHELL "display lb 32 03"
03C3 REM *
03C7 REM * circle 5
03D4 REM *
03D8 SHELL "display lb 50 00 44"
03EF SHELL "display lb 4f"
0400 . SHELL "display lb 32 02"
0414 REM *
0418 REM * circle 6
0425 REM *
0429 SHELL "display lb 50 00 33"
0440 SHELL "display lb 4f"
0451 SHELL "display lb 32 01"
0465 REM *
0469 REM * circle 7
0476 REM *
047A SHELL "display lb 50 00 22"
0491 SHELL "display lb 4f"
04A2 SHELL "display lb 32 00"
04B6 REM *
04BA REM * circle 8
04C7 REM *
04CB SHELL "display lb 50 00 11"
04E2 SHELL "display lb 4f"
04F3 SHELL "display lb 32 07"
0507 REM *
050B REM * this section draws a white "bar"
0530 REM * over the bottom half of all the
0554 REM * circles, leaving the upper half as
057B REM * the "rainbow."
058E REM *
November 1986 THE RAINBOW 175
Editor's Note: To modify these routines for operation
on a 128K CoCo 3, follow these steps;
1) Delete the merge and shell lines from windowl
and do not use the procedure file to create window
1 yet.
2) Start BASIC09 and enter the listings. On clockl,
clock! and clock3> however, do not enter the chain
command lines which appear at the end of each of
these listings.
3) Use pack to place each of the four clock listings
in your CMDS directory.
4) Type chckd0/cmds and press enter. Then enter
the following command line:
merge clockl clocl<2 clocl<3
clock4 runb>/d0/c locks ENTER
Then type chd'd0 and press ENTER.
5) Enter the following command line:
attr /d0/clocks r e u pr pe pw ENTER
6) Type windowl and press enter to create window
i, ;..
7) Enter load /d0/c locks and then enter the
following commands while still in the normal
window:
clockl>/wl ENTER
clocl<2>/wl ENTER
clocl<3>'ul ENTER
clock4>/wl& ENTER
8) Now you may use the clear key to enjoy your
Co Co clock. Keep in mind, because of the graphics
memory requirements, you will not have any
working memory left while the clock is running.
Listing 1: clockl
(5(5(5(5 REM ******************************
(5(521 REM * RainbowTime
(5(531 REM *
(5(535 REM * Programmed by Greg L. Zumwalt
(5(557 REM *
(5(55B REM ******************************
(5(57C REM *
(5(58(5 REM * clockl
(5(58B REM * draw the clock face background
j3j3AE REM *
(5(5B2 REM * set the drawing mode to "store"
(5(5D6 REM *
j3j3DA SHELL "display lb 2f j3j3"
J3)3EE REM *
j3j3F2 REM * set the foreground color to "white"
j311A REM *
j311E SHELL "display lb 32 j37"
j3132 REM *
J313 6 REM * set the background color to "blue"
J315D REM *
J3161 SHELL "display lb 3 3 J34"
j3175 REM *
J3179 REM * clear the screen
J318E REM *
J3192 SHELL "display J3c"
J31AJ3 REM *
J31A4 REM * place the draw pointer in the center of the screen
j31DB REM *
J81DF SHELL "display lb 4j3 (51 4(5 (5p 5f"
J31FC REM *
(52(5(5 REM * the following "circle" sequences
0225 REM * draw a circle, then fill it,
J324 6 REM * then change the foreground color
1 74 THE RAINBOW November 1 986
RainbowTime to run; eliminating them
will save typing time). After you enter
the last line, type:
q
This puts you back in the BASIC09
command mode. Continue by typing:
save
kill
The clockl program is now on the
disk, and BASIC09 is ready for clock2.
Follow the same procedure for entering
the clock2, clock3 and clock4 programs
substituting clock2, clock3 and clock4
as the name of the program to edit.
Running RainbowTime
Now that the four RainbowTime
programs have been entered and saved
on the disk, we start the clock by typing
in the following:
kill
load clockl
run
You see the clock being built, one
section at a time, and as one program
chains to the next, you see the name of
the next program appear on the screen.
When clock4 begins, three hands ap-
pear (hours, minutes and seconds) with
the second hand moving as each second
passes.
Each of the four RainbowTime pro-
grams use OS-9 Level II graphics com-
mands in drawing the various parts of
the clock. As you can see in the program
listings, there are a variety of methods
available to send these commands
(SHELL, PRINT CHR$, etc). The
RainbowTime programs intentionally
use the various methods for the purpose
of illustration. Examine each method
carefully, as each has its own advan-
tages and disadvantages.
The clock face is created by the
programs clockl, clock2 and clocks.
Clockl starts the drawing of the clock
face by setting the screen background to
blue, drawing a white circle, then filling
it. It then draws seven smaller concen-
tric circles, filling each in a different
color. Finally, the BAR conSnand is used
to erase the lower half of the seven
smaller circles, leaving the upper half as
the rainbow. Notice that clockl uses
SHELL "display - „ . . " to send
graphic commands. Clockl finishes by
performing the chain to clock2.
Clock2 draws the tick marks on the
clock face. After initialization, a dual
FOR/NEXT loop is entered. The two
loops draw four short tick marks and
one long tick mark (for the hours)
around the outside edge of the clock
face, 12 times. Notice that clock2 uses
the command RUN GFX2 to set the
foreground color and draw the tick
mark lines. This method of issuing
graphic commands uses the BASIC09
graphics interface module GFX2. The
end result is the same; however, the
GFX2 method requires the GFX2 mod-
ule in memory, thus leaving less for your
programs. Clock2 finishes by perform-
ing the chain to clocks.
Clocki draws Roman numerals at the
3, 6, 9 and 12 o'clock positions using
LINE DRfiW commands. The data state-
ments contain the starting and ending
points for each line in each Roman
numeral. A FOR/ NEXT loop reads the
data statements and sends them to
GFX2 as line drawing commands.
Clock3 finishes by performing the chain
to clock4.
Time Keeping for RainbowTime
Clock4 is the run time program of
RainbowTime. After declaring and
initializing variables and setting up for
screen drawing, a loop is entered that
performs the time keeping function.
The WHILE statement waits for the
time to change by comparing the time
with the string variable GETTIME. If
the current time is different from GET-
TIME, the current time is copied to
GETTIME and a conversion process
from string to integer begins.
The integer time is saved in the three-
element array, TIME. The three ele-
ments in the array represent seconds,
minutes and hours, respectively. The
seconds and minutes are simply con-
verted from string to integer. However,
the hours are modified. The hours are
first multiplied by five to place them in
the range of five to 60, like the seconds
and minutes (this is so the hand drawing
subroutine at Line 10 can use the same
equation for determining where the
hands should point). Then, the value
(minutes/ 12) is added to hours. This
gives the hour hand five distinct posi-
tions between the hours tick marks.
The time array is then compared
element by element with a second three-
element array, LASTTIME. If a differ-
ence is found, the hand associated with
the difference (seconds, minutes and/ or
hours) is erased from the LASTTIME
position and drawn at the LASTTIME
=TIME position.
The subroutine at Line 10 converts
the zero to 60 value passed to it in the
LASTTIME(COUNT) element to the
zero to 360 degree angle, ANGLE.
ANGLE, using the BASIC09 SIN and
COS functions, defines the X and Y
endpoints (X2 and Y2) of the clock
hand using radius as the vector length.
The origin of the hand (XI and Yl) is
always in the center of the clock. Note
that radius is set to 120 if COUNT
equals three, otherwise it is set to 160.
(When COUNT equals three, the hours
variable is being redrawn, so the hand
is shorter.)
So there you have it — Rainbow-
Time. What if you decide it would be
nice to have RainbowTime on the
screen while you work on other pro-
grams in another window, but on the
same screen? Well, this requires a scaled
down version of RainbowTime, de-
signed for a smaller window.
What? You don't want to type in the
entire program again changing each and
every data value? I don't blame you.
Refiguring all of those values for a
smaller window would take hours!
Well, relax, OS-9 Level II and the
windowing system come to the rescue.
The windowing system's scaling mathe-
matics convert the 640-by-192 screen
coordinates of RainbowTime into
whatever size window you define, auto-
matically! Whenever you design a pro-
gram that generates graphics, always
base the graphic coordinates on the 640-
by-192 screen size. Then, OS-9 will
properly scale the coordinates for any
size window your program is run on.
Experiment With RainbowTime
I hope you enjoy RainbowTime. It
was designed to illustrate the use of a
wide variety of the OS-9 Level II graph-
ics commands.
Try running RainbowTime on a dif-
ferent size window, or even a different
graphics screen type. Experiment with
the colors and the color palette. Try
adding the remaining hour numbers.
Add an alarm function by comparing
GETTIME with a date/time string the
user can enter.
Remember, RainbowTime is running
as one task on a multi-tasking computer
system. This means that RainbowTime
can run while you do other program-
ming. By experimenting, you will see
how easy it is to create your own pow-
erful multi-tasking environment using
Microware's OS-9 Level II, BASIC09,
windows and graphics on the Tandy
CoCo 3. □
November 1986 THE RAINBOW 173
Those Great RAINBOW Programs
Without All The Fuss!
Subscribe to RAINBOW ON TAPE!
Every month, rainbow on tape brings as many as two dozen ready-to-run
programs right to you. Using the current issue of the rainbow as documen-
tation, all you have to do is load and run them. Just a one-year subscription
gives you more than 230 new programs! The typing time saved is time that
can be spent with the CoCo. (rainbow on tape does not include OS-9
programs or those less than 20 lines.)
Need a back issue of rainbow on tape?
Issues available beginning with April 1982
Subscribe to rainbow on tape Today!
LOOK FOR OUR ORDER CARD
BETWEEN PAGES 34 AND 35
The cost for a single copy of rainbow on
tape is $10 within the United States; U.S. $12
in all other countries. The annual subscription
rate for rainbow on tape is $80 within the U.S.;
U.S. $90 in Canada; and U.S. $105 for all other
countries. U.S. currency only, please. In order
to hold down non-editorial costs, we do not
bill.
DISK USERS: RAINBOW ON DISK
IS NOW AVAILABLE!
All the programs from the rainbow — includ-
ing OS-9 — are now available on disk. For
more information, see page 159 of this issue.
NOW AVAILABLE ON DELPHI!
For your convenience, RAINBOW ON TAPE can also be
ordered via the Delphi Information Network, in our Shopping
Service area of THE rainbow's Color Computer SIG (Special
Interest Group).
The individual programs from ou r past November issues are
also available for immediate download in the RAINBOW ON
TAPE Database area in THE rainbow's Color Computer SIG
on Delphi. There is a $3.50 per program surcharge.
rainbow ON TAPE is not a stand-alone product, but is
intended as an adjunct and complement to the magazine.
Even if you purchase RAINBOW ON tape, you will still need
the magazine for loading and operating instructions.
To order by phone, (credit card orders only) call
800-847-0309, 8 a.m. - 5 p.m. EST. All other
inquiries call 502-228-4492.
Programs from Our Past
Telecommunications Issues:
November 1985 — Computer Trapshooting, a game that
simulates the real-life sport of skeet shooting; XFER16, a
communications program for transferring files over tele-
phone lines; C-QSL, a Ham utility that logs entries and writes
out QSL cards; Remote2, an enhanced version of Remote, a
remote terminal driver published in the November 1983
Communications Issue; Horse, a two-player Simulation of the
popular basketball game; CoBBS, part one of a complete
bulletin board system; Screen Pokes Made Easy, several
programming utilities that demonstrate how to hide credit
lines in poke statements; Little Black Book, a personalized
phone and address directory; Coax, a Ham utility that
determines the various factors related to transmission line
loss; BASIC Training, creates jargon from Latin prefixes,
roots and suffixes; and Education Notes, demonstrates the
uses of Radio Shack's Electronic Learning Book and a
number-matching game for preschoolers.
November 1984 — EZ List, a utility that allows the use of arrow
keys to list program lines one at a time; The Message Center,
a bulletin board for saving and displaying messages at home;
fload Race, a game for racing fans in which you must finish
a given driving course without blowing your engine; Rain-
Board, programs to help set up a BBS; CC-Taik, a smart
terminal package; Junkfood, a game in which you eat all the
"edible" foods to gain points; Handler, the first of three parts
on disk file organization; CLOAD Command Fixer, a tape
utility that searches for the end of a file; Personal Savings,
a personal savings and loan calculation program; and
DosStart, a disk utility to store a BASIC command in Drive 0
and have it executed by typing DOS.
r Island Educational Software
: 4ai^
■ 3|K E%~ $2195 tape$&>6;95 disk
Six menu driven games for young
children (ages 3*6) to teach direc-
tfoos, $1 games Involve MSirig the
• trf|># fc^a ^^#afrt^ include;
tl&YBOQ, Bi^ERFLY, ARROW
IVIATCH, KALEIDOSCOPE, RABBIT,
and DOODLE. Colorful graphics.
'FlfifSTOJ^lES
32K Ext. - $24.95 tape/$29.95 disk
First Games contains 6 menu driven
p^rai^i te flight and teach your
early iSimeii (ages 3-6). These
games en|)ch:^5l^rning of colors,
numbers, lower case letters, shapes,
nfj^ory^ visual discrimination #nd
cocfhtihg. ' ' v — ' ' :: -0' :<: : t
1/
; ICLOZE STORIES
32K Ext. - $19.95 Tape/$24.95 Disk
These programs give students prac-
tice using the popular CLOZE read-
ing technique. Each program contains
grade appropriate short stories with
key missing words to be deduced by
the student Available for grades 3, 4, J
5, 6, OR 7. Please specify.
DRAWING CONCLUSIONS
32K Ext. - tape $19.95/disk $24.95
These programs contain short stories.
Each story has two accompanying
questions that ask the student to draw
conclusions from the text. Available
for grades 3-4 OR 5-6. Please specify.
ji .:^:^r-;.':-. : '.^V-. ■■
— ' —*'**" ^— ~— ,,,, | -. |M ■ -
LOCATING STORY DETAILS
32K Ext. - disk only - $24.95
These programs contain short stories,
Each has an accompanying picture.
Questions about story details refer to
either the text or pictures. The disk
generated graphics are an integral
part of these attractive programs.
Available for grades 2-3 OR 4-5.
Please specify.
FOREIGN LANGUAGE GAMES
32K Ext. - $19.95 tape/$24.95 disk
(500 words)
French or Spanish Baseball
Score base hits or home runs for
correct answers. You're out if wrong.
Correct answers supplied. Fun way
to learn and practice vocabulary.
PLEASE SPECIFY LANGUAGE.
PUNCTUATION PRACTICE
32K Ext. - tape $19,95/disk $24.95
On screen practice in proper usage
of the familiar punctuation marks.
Grades 3-7.
MATH TUTOR SERIES
16K Ext.
These tutorials take the child through
each step of the example. All pro-
grams include HELP tables, cursor
and graphic aids. Ail allow user to
create the example, or let the com-
puter choose. Multi-level. Great
teaching programs.
LONG DIVISION TUTOR
$14.95 tape/$1 9.95 disk
MULTIPLICATION TUTOR
$14.95 tape/$1 9.95 disk
FACTORS TUTOR
$19.95 tape/$24,95 disk
FRACTIONS TUTOR (addition)
$19.95 tape/$24.95 disk
FRACTIONS TUTOR (subtraction)
£ $19.95 tape/$24.95 disk
FRACTIONS TUTOR (mult.)
$19.95 tape/$24.95 disk
COMPUTER LITERACY
32K Ext. - $1 9.95 tape/$29.95 disk
A computer literacy quiz exclusively
for the Color Computer. Tests and
scores from over 60 questions on a
Hi-res upper and lower case screen.
Reviews computer literacy and
beginning programming knowledge.
Ages 10 and up.
RAINBOW
CERTIFICATION
SEAL
(71 8) 948-2748
Dept. R 227 Hampton Green, Staten Island, N.Y. 10312
Send for catalog with complete descriptions.
Please add $1 .00 per order for postage. N.Y. residents, please add proper tax. FREE set of BINARY DICE, including full directions, with
orders of 2 or more items.
"5 ik 1
Dealer Inquiries Invited
TRS-80 Color Computer
All Payments in U.S. Funds.
Living
on Rainbow Time
By Greg L. Zumwalt
I have been using the CoCo 3 for
quite some time now. I must say, my
enthusiasm for this machine hasn't
waned a bit. I've seen a variety of
benchmarks comparing machine X with
machine Y using "mflops," "FFTs," etc.
Well, I've got my own benchmark for
computers that reads: The power of a
computer is directly proportional to the
length of time it holds my attention.
And that's the reason for Rainbow-
Time. Rainbow Time is a real-time
analog clock that remains on the CoCo
3 screen while I work (to remind me that
after 12-14 hours of CoCo 3 experi-
menting, its time to sleep).
In our previous window discussion,
"The Color Computer 3 Does Win-
dows, and More" (September 1986,
Page 20), we created examples of win-
dows using text only output. This time,
well put the CoCo 3 into high gear and
experiment with the graphics displays.
OS-9 Level II Graphics
The OS-9 Level II windowing system
supports six screen types summarized in
Figure I.
Using the DWSET command (the
"create a device window" command),
the user has the choice of any of the six
available screen types.
Notice that screens five, six, seven
and eight are graphics screens. In our
last discussion on windows, we used
Screen 7, a graphics screen, as a text
display by merging a graphics character
set with it. This time, we're using Screen
8, again merged with a character set, but
also including the use of some of the
OS-9 Level II graphics commands.
BASIC09 and Chains
Rainbow Time is written as four sep-
An independent programmer and com-
puter designer, Greg Zumwalt is one of
the select few writing Tandy software
for the new Color Computer 3. He owns
ZCT Software of Tulsa, Oklahoma.
arate BASIC09 programs. The first three
build the "static" portion of the clock;
the last is the running portion. Each
program performs a specific task, and
when finished, calls the next. This
process continues until the fourth pro-
gram is called and the clock begins
running.
In BASIC09, the process of calling
programs in this manner is called chain-
ing. The advantage of chaining is that
when a program has completed its task,
it can be erased, and the next program
loaded in its place. In our example, once
the clock face has been created, the
programs that created it are no longer
required. By using chaining, these
programs are removed from memory,
leaving more memory for other tasks.
Getting Started
We need to create a type eight device
window. Remember the OS-9 build
command? We will use it to build a
procedure file to create the window. At
the OS-9 prompt, enter the following:
bui Id uindoul
iniz ul
merge sys'stdfonts >/ul
display lb 20 08 00 00 28 18 07
00 00 >^ul
shell i=/wl&
After the last line, press ENTER twice.
When the OS-9 prompt appears, con-
tinue by typing:
windoul
When the OS-9 prompt appears this
time, press the CLEAR key, and Device
Window type eight appears on the
screen. We are now ready for BASIC09.
The four BASIC09 programs that
create Rainbow Time are entered and
saved on the disk individually. To do
this, we must first enter BASIC09. From
the OS-9 prompt on Window 1 type:
basic09 »12l<
This loads BASIC09 into the CoCo 3
and allocates 12,000 bytes of memory
for us to use.
Now we will enter the clockl pro-
gram. At the BASIC09 prompt on Win-
dow 1 type:
e clockl
This tells BASIC09 the name of the
program to edit, clock 1. BASIC09 re-
sponds with a PROCEDURE clockl
followed by the BASIC09 edit prompt.
Proceed from here by carefully typing
in the clockl program shown in Listing
1 (the programs contain many REM
statements that are not necessary for
Number
Size
Color
Memory
Type
01
40 by 24
8 &8
1600
Text
02
80 by 24
8 &8
4000
Text
05
640 by 192
2
16000
Graphics
06
320 by 192
4
16000
Graphics
07
640 by 192
4
32000
Graphics
08
320 by 192
16
32000
Graphics
Figure 1: Screen Types
170 THE RAINBOW November 1986
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2
Cl
2
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O
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o
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u
a.
o
O
O
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W
LED
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SPST
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y ^=V=7
To CPU
I/O
LED
R2
R
G
Y
W
1 — 1 7
4
CGP G
Y DMP
+ R3
LED
AC Power Switch
Pin
Numbers
1 - Y
2 - G
3 - R
4 — W
MOD G
DMP G
Reset Switch
R1.R2.R3
1000^
DMP R
W CGP
Figure 4: Four-Pole, Three-Position Rotary Switch
computer again, so I figured out
another way to connect the A/ C on/ off
switch. I opened up one lead of the
power cord and, using "wire nuts,"
spliced the leads from the remote
switch. Also shown is the two-prong
miniature plug which connects the
remote Reset switch to the internal
Figure 3
Reset switch. These can be seen in
Figure 2.
The cables I used are serial printer
and modem interface cables, Radio
Shack part number 26-3020. For my
purposes, cutting two cables gave me
the required four needed to intercon-
nect the two printers and the modem to
the CPU. Figure 3 shows an inside view
of the completed switcher.
Finally, I dressed up the box with
some scraps of the contact paper I used
when I built my computer table, which
blends it in and gives it a finished
appearance.
I haven't been using this device too
long; however, I can already say that I
wish I had built it sooner because it's a
real convenience. In particular, I like
having the A/C power and Reset
switches located where they are easy to
reach.
( Questions about this project may be
directed to the author at 8350 East
McKellips Road, Apt. Ill, Scottsdale,
AZ 85257. Please enclose an SASE for
a reply,) /R\
DAft/t... COMB &tf
AA»M„ £A5/(...EA5/!
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—
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J Jl/ST LOVE ALL
Tff/S G0/yf(/7E# TALKi
November 1 986 THE RAINBOW 1 69
HARDWARE PROJECT
The Super Switcher
This device incorporates several
features which, individually,
have been described in the past,
but not in this combination or format.
Collectively, they are very useful in
conjunction with the CoCo.
It started out as a simple switching
device consisting of a four-pole, three-
position rotary switch and a 2 by 2 by
2 l A inch mini-box built to switch the
computer serial I/O port between my
modem and CGP-115 graphics printer.
Later, when I acquired a dot-matrix
printer, it became necessary to switch
three peripherals.
Then an article was published in THE
RAINBOW (October 1984) which de-
scribed how to connect the modem and
printer by a switch, so what was fed into
the computer from the modem would
also drive the printer making a hard
copy of what appeared on the screen.
This seemed like a good idea and I
decided to add that feature to the
switcher, along with three LEDs to
indicate which peripheral was con-
nected to the computer's I/O port.
Since one of the three LEDs would
always be lit when the computer was on,
it would also serve as an on/ off indica-
tor. The idea seemed to grow, and
before long I decided I would add
remote control switches to control the
computer on/ off and reset functions.
The original mini-box was now much
too small, so I obtained a larger box
which measured 4 by 2 l A by 2!4 inches.
The rotary switch, mentioned before,
came out of my junk box. The LEDs are
Radio Shack part number 276-018 —
they come two to a package. The AC
power on/ off switch is a Radio Shack
square push putton switch (push-on/
Bob Merryman has been a licensed
Ham Radio operator for the past 50
years and has built many pieces of
electronic equipment. Two years ago he
added computing to his list of hobbies
and has built several items associated
with this hobby, too,
1 68 THE RAINBOW November 1 986
By Robert C. Merryman
push-off) rated at 3 amps, and is part
number 275-617. The Reset switch is a
Radio Shack square push-button
switch (part number 275-618). The
SPST toggle switch also came from the
junk box, but any switch will work. The
rubber grommets, miniature two-prong
connector, together with the scrap
metal for the mounting brackets and
cable holding shelf, were also from the
junk box.
Figure 1 illustrates the completed
Figure 1
device mounted under the shelf and to
the right of the keyboard, by means of
two L brackets. The three LEDs are
labeled "CGP," "MOD" and "DMP"
(color graphics printer, modem and
dot-matrix printer, respectively). Below
the knob, on either side of the toggle
switch, are labels "P/M" and "OFF"
(printer and modem connected, or off).
Beneath the two push-button switches
are labels reading "A/C PWR," on the
left side, and "RESET" on the right.
The labels were made with a Dymo label
maker.
Figure 2 illustrates how the cables are
fed through the rear of the box, through
loosely fitting grommets, to allow re-
moval of the back cover for access to the
parts. I labeled the cable alongside of
the grommet so I wouldn't get confused
while wiring the device. To hold the end
of the cables in the box so there would
be no strain on the wires, I used a small
piece of aluminum bent into a 90 degree
angle. Holes were then drilled to receive
the four grommets, which were suffi-
ciently small to really grab the cable
tightly. The bracket is fastened to the
side wall of the box by means of pop-
rivets. After stripping off about two
inches of the outer covering from the
cable, I pushed the cable end into its
proper grommet (lined up with
grommets on back cover) and with a
twisting motion, pushed the cable
through just far enough to have the
outer cover show beneath the grommet.
This was done one cable at a time,
soldering the four connections before
proceeding to the next cable.
The two zip-cord wires going to the
A/C and Reset switches, are also fed
through grommets in the back of the
box and then tied in a knot to prevent
them from being pulled out. They are
then soldered to their respective
switches.
Before I completed the switcher, I
replaced the keyboard with an up-
graded board (Figure 1 was taken
before the upgrade). While the case was
open, I soldered the miniature two-
prong plug leads (female end) to the
internal Reset switch using the two
Figure 2
r
terminals on the right side and closest
to the front of the computer. After
securely soldering the wires to the Reset
switch terminals, I fed them out of the
case under the Reset switch button.
There was plenty of room without
having to cut or drill the case.
When I finally finished my switcher
project, I didn't feel like opening the
Group activities are wonderful
things, but individual parental activities
can be very helpful also. Of course,
encouragement for your own child is
necessary. Parents should encourage
their children to learn on the computer,
and to engage in a variety of activities,
not just playing Simulation games or
programming in BASIC. I assume that
most people reading this have a Color
Computer in the home. A home com-
puter is helpful for the school child, but
not really needed. Parents can provide
encouragement by looking at work
brought home from school, suggesting
"Just as education
begins with parents,
so it can also end
with parents."
after-hours projects for their child, and
a host of other activities limited to the
school computer. A home computer is
simply an added attraction, although
one I would strongly recommend.
Encouragement, however, does not
need to stop with your own child.
Parents can provide encouragement for
their local computer education program
and for the school. A simple note
delivered to school expressing your
encouragement will go a long way
toward staff morale. Just like you,
teachers like to receive recognition for
their efforts.
Parents can show support for the
computer program in their local schools
in a variety of ways. A show of support
for the program at school board meet-
ings will long be remembered. Perhaps
you are in a position to help the pro-
gram receive publicity, through your
local newspaper, radio station or tele-
vision station. A story, for example,
about a class having an art lesson on
computers might attract the local news
media. Our culture is still impressed
with the creativity of young children
when dealing with computers. News
reporters love to interview a child who
uses jargon terms to explain what a
computer program does.
Perhaps you are in a position to
arrange a field trip for a class to a
computer facility, or a business that
uses computers. Perhaps your own
business uses computers in ways that
would be interesting for a field trip. This
type of lesson can tie in well with a
career awareness activity, and might be
welcomed by school people.
You can contribute time to your
school, without having a major event
like a field trip. You might volunteer to
do a presentation on the way you use
your computer. If you use a microcom-
puter in some unusual way, your school
might enjoy a visit from you to explain
your particular application.
Parents can contribute more than
time and funds raised through a group.
You can contribute your expertise (and
your own child's expertise) by such
things as reviews of programs. Reviews
by parents might be especially impor-
tant for any software purchased by a
PTA. Teachers, even when they have the
monetary resources for reviews, are
hard pressed to find time to provide
adequate reviews for all educational
software available today. Parents can
help screen software, and provide a
focus for teacher reviews. In fact, it may
be worthwhile to have several parents
review the same software, in order to get
a wider perception of quality.
This article would not be complete
without a special note for those parents
who are not interested in computers. It
may well be that in your home, one
adult is interested in computer applica-
tions, and one adult has a strong aver-
sion to electronic equipment. The com-
puter hater still has a parental
obligation to be involved in the child's
education. If you are such a person, and
forced to read this by a loving spouse,
please realize that when your children
are older, they will have to be more
involved with machines than you. You
can still provide support for your child's
computer education, without having to
touch a keyboard. Go ahead, get in-
volved with the computer program,
even if not with the computer.
Just as education begins with parents,
so it can also end with parents. Parents
cannot help but demonstrate their
attitudes toward education. With the
right attitudes and behaviors, children
will realize that education is a life-long
effort, not something that ends with
formal schooling. Computer learning
should not end with formal schooling,
any more than other areas of study.
Your comments, thoughts, sugges-
tions are welcome. Please write me at
829 Evergreen, Chatham, IL 62629.
Until next month, keep on learning, and
demonstrating that learning never ends.
Share the fun. ^
November 1 986 THE RAINBOW 1 67
EDUCATION OVERVIEW
The Most Important
Educators of All
By Michael Plog, Ph.D.
Rainbow Contributing Editor
When we think of the process
called schooling, we often
think of people. Generally,
the relationship between teachers and
students is the first thought we have
concerning the schooling process.
Sometimes we expand those initial
thoughts to include administrators. We
know that principals are extremely
important in a child's education. Upon
further reflection, we all admit that
program directors, central office ad-
ministrators and superintendents are
also crucial to the education process,
even if never seen by a child.
In moments of rationality, we may
even include all the support staff that
helps to keep a school going. Bus driv-
ers, lunchroom workers, and all the
other people involved in education play
a role (even if not immediately noticed)
in the lives of children.
These are all very important, but we
often ignore the most important people
in the education of a child — parents.
Michael Plog received his doctorate
degree from the University of Illinois.
He has taught social studies in high
school, worked in the central office of
a school district and is currently em-
ployed at the Illinois State Board of
Education,
166 THE RAINBOW November 1986
The education process begins with
parents, long before the child goes to
school. During the school years, parents
shape the way a child approaches les-
sons, the classroom, teachers, the entire
institution. The attitudes a child has
toward school are heavily dependent on
the behaviors of parents. Positive be-
haviors, in the form of interest and
support, can help a child do well in
school; behaviors showing a lack of
interest are reflected in the child's lack
of enthusiasm.
It is important for parents to realize
that teachers have the best interests of
the child in mind, even when parents
disagree with teachers about those
interests. Conversely, teachers should
realize that parents also have the best
interests of their child in mind, even
when the two groups disagree. All
players — parents as well as school
personnel — have a role to play in the
educational process. A parent ignoring
that role diminishes the value of school
for the child.
The importance of parents extends
beyond the general notion of schooling
to the more specific components of the
educational system, such as computer
education. What should the role of
parents be in the area of computer
education?
Some roles for parents include group
activities; some are individual efforts.
One obvious group activity is to provide
funds for hardware and software for
classes. Schools are always in need of
materials. Tax dollars need supplement-
ing for those things necessary for a
quality education. Parent organiza-
tions, such as PTAs (Parent-Teacher
Associations) raise funds for school use.
Some of those funds could be directed
toward computer hardware and soft-
ware. Does the school need a new
printer? How about a large television set
or monitor connected to the classroom
computer, so a demonstration can be
viewed by more than a few students? I
am positive that your school could use
something in the way of computer
equipment or supplies, possibly a hard
disk or extra paper.
Football teams and marching bands
have booster clubs of interested parents.
What about the computer club? Does
your community have a support group
for the computer club? Does your
school even have a computer club?
Perhaps a discussion with school per-
sonnel would lead to the creation of
such a support group. (A side thought
— wouldn't it be interesting to have a
bake sale with the prices listed in binary
code?)
e Best Money Can Buy
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20 IFCO76450THENPRINT"DATA ERRO
R" : STOP
30 PRINT@162,"IF YOU HAVE NOT AL
READY SAVED STAR GETPUTPAINT,
DO SO NOW.
40 PRINT: PRINT" OTHERWISE, TYPE
CONT AND PRESS ENTER."
50 STOP
60 X=256*PEEK(27)+PEEK(28)+699:A
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110 DATA 86,4,97,7C,9D,9F,BD,B7,
3 D , 3 4 , 10 , BD , B 2 , 6 D , A , 7 G , 2 6 > F 4 , 9 7
120 DATA 7C,9D,9F,E6,67,54,54,54
, E7 , 67 , EC, 62 , 54 , 54 , 54 , E0 , 67 , 2B
130 DATA 3D,5C,DD,41,CC,20,20,D0
,42,D7, 50,E6,65,3D,E3,66,D3 # BA
140 DATA IF, 2, E6, 61, El, 65,25, 24,
CI, BF, 22 , 20 , E0 , 65 , 5C, D7 , 43, 96,42
150 DATA 3D,DD / 44,9E,27,30,1,A6,
80,91,7C,27,6C,84,C0,81,40,2 6,B
160 DATA EC, 81, 30, 8B, 20, EE, 32, 69
, 7E , B4 , 4A, A6 , 68 , 81 , C4 , 2 6 , F5 , 10
170 DATA DF,7D,DC,21,93,7D,DD,7D
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180 DATA DC, 21, 93, 44, 83,0, 3, DD, 2
1,93,7D,1F,3,9E,7D,DD,7D,35,4,E7
190 DATA C0,30,1F,8C,0,0,26,F5,1
0 / DE,7D,DE,27,33 ,41, 96, 7C, A7 , C0
200 DATA 9E,44,AF,C1,D6,42,A6,A0
,A7,C0, 30,1F,5A,26,F7,8C,0,0,27
210 DATA 48,96,50,31,A6,20,EA,1F
, 1 3 , A6 , 6 8 , 8 1 , C4 , 2 6 , A , AE , C 1 , 9 C , 4 4
,25,92,9E,44,20,D8
220 DATA 9E,44,33,42,9D,9F,81,B0
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230 DATA 8C,86,AA,A7,8C,4,D6,42,
A6,A4,A6,C0,A7,A0,5A,26,F7,A,43
240 DATA 27 / 6,96,50,31,A6,20,EB,
9D,9F,32,6B,39
250 DATA 81,C3,27,25,8B,79,81,AA
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260 DATA 7,44,81,55,10,26,FE,DE,
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280 DATA B7,3D,34,10,32,61,BD,B2
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290 DATA 35, 54, D7, 42, D7, 45, IF, 10
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300 DATA 54 , 54 , 8D, 2B, F, 44 , IF, 32 ,
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310 DATA D6,43,D7,45,C6 / FF,D7,44
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320 DATA 7D / 25,1,39,1F,30,93,BA,
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330 DATA D6,51,3A,A6,84,5C,D1,52
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340 DATA EC,84,3,81,3,27 / 5E,A6,1
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350 DATA 5A,D1,53,22,26,81,FF,27
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360 DATA 84,C0,81 / C0,26,8,A,51,A
, 52, 30, IF, 20, 30, A6, 84, 84, 3, 81, 3
370 DATA 26,CA / 20,26,81,FF,27,22
,A,51 / 30 / lF / A6,84,81,FF,27,18,A
380 DATA 52 / 20,D2,5A / 5A,Dl,53 / 22
,E,81,FF,27 / A,E6,1 / C1,FF,26,A0 / C
390 DATA 51,3^,1,96,51,97, 53, E6,
84,C1,FF, 26 , 3C, D6, 45 ,E7 , 84 , 30, IF
400 DATA A,53,2A,F0,D6,51,1F,31,
5C,3A,D7,52,E6,84,C1,FF,26,4B,D6
410 DATA 45,E7,80,C,52,C6,20,D1,
52,26,EE,33,C8,E0,D,7C,26,3,33
420 DATA 08,40,3,44,26,3,96,42,8
0, 96 , 43 , 97 ,45 , 16 , FF, 26, E6 , 84 , 57
430 DATA 24,C9,57,24,C6,57,24,F,
57,24 / C,57,24,C,57,24,9,E6,84,D4
440 DATA 45,20,9,C6,F0,8C,C6,C0,
DA,45,E4,84,E7,84,20,A7 / E6 / 84,58
450 DATA 24,BC,58,24,B9,58,24,F,
58,24, C, 58,24, C, 58 , 24 ,9 , E6 , 84 , D4
460 DATA 45,20,9,C6,F,8C,C6,3,DA
,45,E4,84,E7,84,20,9A,16,FD,4B,0
Listing 4: GETPUT4
1 REM *** STAR GETPUTPAINT ***
BY H. ALLEN CURTIS
COPYRIGHT (C) 1985
2 POKE334, 158:POKE335,27:POKE336
,110^0^337,26^0^401, 126: POKE
402,l:POKE403,78
10 PMODE 4,1: PCLS 1 : COLOR0 , 1 : S CREE
Nl,l
20 LINE(0,96)-(127,191) ,PSET,B
30 CIRCLE (64 ,144) , 40 : CIRCLE (120 ,
96), 70
40 *PAINT84 / 164 / 170,170:*PAINT12
0,60,116,248:*PAINT114,150,170,8
5 : *PAINT60 , 104 , 170 , 85
50 *GET0,96,127,191,C
60 *PUT128,0,255,95,C,PSET
500 GOTO500
164 THE RAINBOW November 1986
Editor's Note: Listings 2 and 4 use the
*GET and *PUT routines generated for
Disk BASIC 1.0. For any other system
configuration, including cassette, you
will need to run Listing 1 and/or Listing
3 to generate the proper routine for your
specific system.
70 32
1 30 ♦ « , . • 42
200 90
END 46
Listing 1: GETPUT1
1 REM *** STAR GETPUT ***
BY H. ALLEN CURTIS
COPYRIGHT (C) 1985
2 REMPOKE3 3 4 , 158 : POKE 3 35,27: POKE
336,110:POKE337,26: POKE401, 12 6 : P
OKE402,1:POKE403,78
1)3 FORI=0TO288 : READD$ : D=VAL( "&H"
+D$ ) : C=C+D : NEXT : CLS
20 IFC<>33110THENPRINT"DATA ERRO
R" : STOP
30 PRINT@162,"IF YOU HAVE NOT AL
READY SAVED STAR GETPUT, DO SO
NOW.
40 PRINT: PRINT" IF YOU HAVE SAV
ED STAR GETPUT, TYPE CONT AND P
RESS ENTER."
50 STOP
60 X=256*PEEK(27)+PEEK(28)+289:A
=INT(X/256) :B=X-256*A
70 POKE474,A:POKE475,B:POKE27,PE
EK(474) :POKE28, PEEK (475) : CLEAR
80 X=256*PEEK(27)+PEEK(28) :M=X-2
89 : FORI=M TOM+288 :READD$ : D=VAL( "
&H"+D$) :POKEI,D:NEXT
90 FORJ=0TO2:POKEM+4+J, PEEK (401+
J) :NEXT:DEL10~
100 DATA 8 1 , AD , 2 7, 3 , 7E , C2 , 4D , 9D ,
9F, 81 ,04,27,4,81,05,26^3, 34, 2
110 DATA 86,4,97,7C,9D,9F,BD,B7,
3D, 34 , 10 , BD, B2 , 6D, A, 7C, 26 , F4 , 97
120 DATA 7C,9D,9F,E6,67,54,54,54
, £7,67^0, 62, 54, 54, 54, E0 , 67, 2B
130 DATA 3D,5C,DD,41,CC,20,20,Dj3
, 42 , D7 , 50 ,E6 , 65 , 3D, E3 , 66, D3 , BA
140 DATA IF, 2, E6, 61, El, 65, 25, 24,
Cl,BF,22,20,Ei},65,5C,D7,43,96,42
15J3 DATA 3D,DD,44,9E,27,3j3,l,A6,
833,91,70,27,60,84,00,81,40,26,6
16j3 DATA EC, 81, 30, 8B, 20, EE, 32, 69
, 7E, B4 , 4A, A6 , 68 , 81 , C4 , 2 6 ,F5, 10
110 DATA DF,7D,DC,21,93,7D,DD,7D
, DC, 27, 93, 44, 83,0, 3, DD, 27, DD, 23
180 DATA DC, 21,93, 44, 83,0, 3, DD,2
1,93,7D,1F,3,9E,7D,DD,7D,35,4,E7
190 DATA C0,30,1F,8C,0,0,26,F5,1
0,DE,7D,DE,27,33,41,96,7C,A7,C0
200 DATA 9E,44,AF,C1,D6,42,A6,A0
,A7 > C0,30,1F,5A,2 6,F7,8C,0,0,27
210 DATA 48,96,50,31,A6,20,EA,1F
,13,A6,68,81,C4,2 6,A,AE,C1,9C,44
,25,92,9E,44,20,D8
220 DATA 9E,44,33,42,9D,9F,81,B0
,27,7,81,B1,27,6,86,A6, 8C,86,A4
230 DATA 8C, 86,AA, A7 , 8C, 4, D6, 42,
A6 , A4 , A6/ C0 , A7 , A0 , 5A, 26, F7 , A, 43
240 DATA 27, 6, 96, 50,31, A6, 20, EB,
9D,9F,32,6B,39,16,FE,E2,0,0,0
Listing 2: GETPUT2
1 REM *** STAR GETPUT ***
BY H. ALLEN CURTIS
COPYRIGHT (C) 1985
2 POKE334,158:POKE335,27:POKE336
, 110 : POKE337 , 26 : POKE401, 12 6 : POKE
402,l:POKE403,78
10 PMODE4 , 1 : PCLS1 : COLOR0 , 1 : SCREE
Nl,l
20 LINE(0,96)-(127,191) ,PSET,B
30 CIRCLE (64, 144) ,40: CIRCLE (128,
96) ,70
40 POKE178, 1:PAINT(64, 144) , ,0:PO
KE178,5:PAINT(120,90) , ,0:POKE178
,139: PAINT (120, 100) , ,0
50 *GET0,96, 127, 191, C
60 *PUT128, 0,255, 95, C,PSET
500 GOTO500
Listing 3: GETPUT 3
70 . ......116
130 41
200 .......89
260 44
350 .,...169
41 0 «»«•»«• .4
END .... .114
T
1 REM *** STAR GETPUTPAINT ***
BY H. ALLEN CURTIS
COPYRIGHT (C) 1985
2 REMPOKE334,158:POKE335,27:POKE
336,110:POKE337,26:POKE401,126:P
OKE402 , 1 : POKE403 , 78
10 FORI=0TO698 :READD$ : D=VAL ( " &H"
+D$) :C=C+D: NEXT: CLS
November 1986 THE RAINBOW 163
allow sequential loading with a single
CLOADM command. To learn about
Link, see my article, "Link," which
appeared in the January 1985 issue
[Page 58].
In using Link, you need to know the
lowest address of the *GET storage area
as well as the highest RAM address. The
addresses must be expressed in
hexadecimal. The lowest address serves
as both the entry and first address in
Link's address scheme. The addresses
can be derived as follows: After running
to completion your BASIC program with
*GETs, type and enter: PRINT
HEX$ ( 256*PEEI< ( 39 ) +PEEK ( 40 ) +1 ) ,
HEX$(256*PEEI<(116)+255). Before
applying Link, be sure to remove from
your BASIC program the *GET state-
ments and any commands that are no
longer required for drawing and paint-
ing. Then save the shortened BASIC
program.
For many applications, Star Getput
will be ideal for generating graphics and
animating them smoothly and quickly.
However, there may be occasions when
the shapes and sizes of display objects
will depend on the program's current
input data. For instance, the size and
orientation of wedges in pie charts will
be dependent on the data being entered
during the current running of a pro-
gram. Pre-stored *GET display infor-
mation cannot be relied on in such
cases.
To increase the speed of graphics
generation in programs of the foregoing
type, I developed the program, Star
Paint, in the previously mentioned
article, "Festive CoCo." Star Paint adds
the command * PAINT to CoCo's reper-
toire of BASIC commands. *PAINT not
only colors objects at speeds consistent
with *PUT's execution rate, but also
conveniently colors objects in a multi-
' tude of hues.
The programs, Star Getput and Star
Paint cannot be employed together.
Listing 3 was written to remedy this
situation. With this program, called
Star Getputpaint, you can make full use
of all three commands, *GET, *PUT
and * PAINT, in your BASIC programs.
The purpose of Listing 3 is to produce
a two-line version of Star Getputpaint,
the analogue of the Star Getput two-
liner.
If there are any remains of the two-
line version of Star Getput in your
computer (such as stored *GET infor-
mation), turn the computer off and on
again before typing Listing 3. To
shorten your typing chore, you may
want to load Listing 1 and take advan-
tage of the close similarity of lines 1
through 240 in listings 1 and 3.
After yo.u have correctly typed List-
ing 3, save and run it. When the pro-
gram has completed execution, it will be
in two-line form. Without changing the
rest of Line 2, delete the word REM. Then
save the two-liner.
Adding a few lines to the two-line
version of Star Getputpaint yields
Listing 4. This program illustrates the
combined use of *GET, *PUT and
♦PAINT. It executes much like Listing
2 but faster.
The use of Star Getput or Star Get-
putpaint, places a small restriction on
cassette-based systems: The functions
U5R8 and U5R9 must not be employed
in programs containing *GET, *PUT or
♦PAINT.
In conclusion, *GET going, and
*PUT your new graphics capabilities to
work.
(You may direct questions about this
program to Mr. Curtis at 172 Dennis
Drive, Williamsburg, VA 23185, 804-
229-7086. Please enclose an SASEwhen
writing.) □
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Information 301-521-4886
162
THE RAINBOW November 1986
A final example will lead into a
discussion of the means of turning
*GET's memory retention to advan-
tage: Delete lines 30, 40 and 80. Change
the *GET in Line 50 to *PUT and then
append a comma and PSET to the end
of that changed statement. Running the
program shows that the same designs
are displayed as previously, even with-
out the commands initially used to draw
and paint them. Moreover, the designs
are generated faster now.
What this all implies is that if the
*GET information stored in high RAM
can be loaded along with the basic
program, neither *GETs nor the com-
mands used to generate the stored
display information need to be included
in the BASIC program. The elimination
of all these commands will make the
BASIC program both shorter and faster.
Furthermore, Star Getput will not
destroy any string information because
it will no longer need to assign *GET
storage areas.
With disk systems it is a simple matter
to load the *GET information with the
BASIC program. It can be accomplished
by the following steps:
Run the BASIC program with the
*GETs present to make sure all *GET
storage areas are assigned and the
needed information stored.
Remove the *GET statements as well
as all those commands which are now
unnecessary for drawing and paint-
ing.
Save the *GET storage information
by typing and entering: SAVEM"*ST0
RE " , 256*PEEI< ( 39 ) +PEEK ( 40 ) +1 , 2
5G*PEEI<(116)+255,0.
The address 25G*PEE1<( 39)+PE
El< ( 40 ) +1 is the lowest address in the
♦GET storage area. The address
25G*PEE!<(116)+255 is the highest
RAM address.
Now, determine precisely what the
lowest *GET storage address is by
typing and entering: PRINT256*PEEI<
(39)+PEEK(40)+l
Add to the BASIC program 3 IFPEEK
(39)=PEEI<(116) AND PEEI<(40)>
252THENCLERR100 ,1a :LDRDM
"*ST0RE" where la has been used to
represent the address determined in
Step 4. Therefore, when typing Line
3, insert the address determined in
Step 4 in place of the letters la. In the
case of our example program, the
inserted address should be 11427 or
27811 depending on whether you
have a 16K or 32K byte RAM.
• Save the BASIC program with the
newly added line.
If you try this six-step procedure on
the example program, turn your com-
puter off and on following the last step.
This removes the *GET information
from high RAM. Then type and enter
RUN"EXRMPLE" where it is assumed that
EXAMPLE is the filename you specified
for the example program. The RUN
command causes the program to be
loaded; the program in turn loads the
♦GET storage area, and then executes.
If the program is stopped and rerun, it
will not go through the now unneces-
sary process of loading the *GET dis-
play information.
With cassette-based systems it is less
straightforward to load *GET informa-
tion along with the BASIC program. It
can be readily accomplished with the
aid of a machine language program
such as Link which combines program
files — BASIC and data — on tape to
Canadians!
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of our 1986 Catalog
KeNynews
VOL 3
KELLY SOFTW*B£
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on your VISA or
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November 1 986 THE RAINBOW 1 61
comprising the *GET and *PUT ma-
chine language routines. Lines 10 and
20 provide a check on the accuracy of
your typing of the DATA values. Lines 30
through 50 inform you when to save
Star Getput, Lines 60 through 80 store
the machine language routines. Line 90
makes sure the routines are compatible
with your system. Special typing care
should be taken with lines 2, 60, 70, 80
and 90; errors in lines with PDKEs can
cause program self-destruction.
After you have correctly typed and
saved Star Getput, run it. The program
will stop at Line 50. To resume execu-
tion, type CDNT and press ENTER. When
Star Getput has completed execution, it
consists of only two lines — the REM
statements of lines 1 and 2. Line 90
caused the deletion of all but those two
lines. Hidden from listing view in the
greatly shortened Star Getput are its
*GET and *PUT routines, which are
safely stored immediately after Line 2.
Adding your own lines of programming
to Star Getput will not overwrite the
machine language routines, but merely
move them to a position immediately
following the last line of BASIC pro-
gramming.
To activate the machine language
routines, you must delete the full word
REM and nothing else from Line 2. After
making the deletion, save the two-line
version of Star Getput. It will necessar-
ily be the basis of any program you write
containing *GETs and *PUTs. The
two-line version of Star Getput must
always be used with the same system
configuration as the one on which it was
generated.
If you used Rainbow Check PLUS as
an aid in the accurate typing of Star
Getput, turn off your computer now.
This will erase Rainbow Check PLUS
from your computer's high RAM which
will be needed shortly. Then turn your
CoCo on again and load the two-line
version of Star Getput.
Adding a few lines of BASIC program-
ming to the two-line Star Getput yields
Listing 2. This program and edited
versions thereof will be used to illustrate
the workings of *GET and *PUT.
Run Listing 2. Lines 10 through 40
serve to draw and paint the design in the
lower-left quarter of the display. The
*GET statement of Line 50 stores the
design. The *PUT of Line 60 retrieves
the design and rapidly places it in the
upper-right quarter of the display. The
rapidity of * PUT execution accentuates
the slowness of BASIC'S PAINT com-
mand. For a much faster method of
painting consistent with *PUT's speed,
see my article, "Festive CoCo" [July
1986, Page 46].
To compare the speed of PUT with
that of *PUT, stop the program by
pressing the BREAK key and add the
following lines to the program:
45 GDTD400
400 DIMR[30BJ:GET[0,3G]-IJ.2
410 PUTf 12B,0)-(255 T 95) ,fl,p
SET
Run the changed program and notice
how slowly the design is formed on the
upper-right quarter of the display.
Delete the entire GET statement from
Line 400 and rerun the program. This
time PUT forms a black rectangle in the
upper quarter of the display. Without a
previous GET, the 'A' array contains all
zeros corresponding to black pixel
codes. The program did not remember
the design stored in the previous run of
the program.
Surprisingly, once display informa-
tion has been stored by *GET, Star
Getput can retain this information on
subsequent runs with *GET deleted. To
verify this, delete Line 50 containing
♦GET Also, delete lines 45, 400 and 410
to remove the remains of the GET/PUT
part of the program. Then run the
program to see that it accomplishes the
same design transfer as before.
Next, edit Line 60 by replacing the
*PUT action, P5ET, with FIND. Running
the program again shows that AND
works just as fast as P5ET. If you are
familiar with how RND functions with
PUT, you will immediately realize that
it works the same way with *PUT but
much faster. Replacing RND with OR in
Line 60 and running the program
another time reveals that OR executes as
fast as P5ET or RND and otherwise
functions as it does with PUT.
It is possible to * PUT a portion of the
display information stored by *GET. To
illustrate this, edit Line 60 by changing
the y 1 value from zero to 48; also change
DR to RND. Then run the program. This
demonstrates that when the difference
between y2 and yl in *PUT is less than
a similar y-ordinate difference in *GET,
*PUT will write a proportional part of
the stored information on the screen.
However, making the difference be-
tween x2 and xl less in *PUT than in
*GET results in a scrambling of the
display information. This can be veri-
fied by changing 128 to 228 in Line 60
and running the program.
Thus far, we have only discussed a
single *GET, *PUT combination. A
program may have several such combi-
nations. To show this, make the follow-
ing program changes: Restore xl and x2
in *PUT to their original values by
changing 228 to 128 and 48 to zero in
Line 60. Delete Line 20. Delete the first
CIRCLE command in Line 30. Delete
from Line 40 all but the final POKE and
PRINT. Insert Line 50 as follows:
*GET1E,2E, 199*166, Z:*PUT5£,
then run the program.
The next example exhibits a peculiar-
ity of the *GET command. Add the
following three lines to the program and
run it:
70 S$~"TE5T"*TS="THI5 15 ft
Si
90 FOR J-l TO2000 ; NEXT : 5CRE1E:N0 ,
1 : CLS : PR I NTT$
After the graphics display is com-
plete, there will be a slight pause and
gibberish will be printed on the text
screen. However, running the program
again produces the expected text screen
message, THIS IS R TEST.
There is an explanation for this
curious phenomenon. When Star Get-
put assigns a high RAM area to each
*GET command, it overwrites whatever
is in the memory area where strings are
stored. Star Getput assigns another area
for strings but does not try to recover
the lost string information. However, in
rerunning the program, T$ was stored
in the new string storage area which was
left untouched by Star Getput because
it had no new *GET areas to assign.
The fact that the assignment of *GET
memory areas will destroy string infor-
mation would appear to be a serious
defect. However, it is easily overcome.
Merely write a line or two of dummy
*GETs early in your program before
forming any strings. The *GET areas
will be assigned early. Later, when the
corresponding real *GETs are exe-
cuted, no new *GET memory areas will
be assigned and there will be no string
information loss.
Remember, in a earlier example it
was shown that the program would run
without *GETs after their display infor-
mation had been stored. This *GET
capability can be turned to advantage to
eliminate the string loss possibility, as
well as providing memory and time
savings.
160
THE RAINBOW November 1 986
«xw :
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5
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Vastly increase GET and PUT speeds
PUT Speedy GETzales
to Work
By H. Allen Curtis
T j is pointed out in Radio Shack's
I | manual, Going Ahead With Ex-
JL \rtended Color BASIC, that in
simulating motion, the GET and PUT
statements can move objects faster than
any other combination of ECB com-
mands. Unfortunately, the GET/ PUT
movement of relatively large objects is
far from being fast enough.
The goal of this article is to signifi-
cantly increase the CoCo's PUT speed to
permit fast and smooth GET /PUT move-
ment of large objects. I have added two
commands to CoCo's BASIC vocabu-
lary. The two commands are new va-
rieties of GET and PUT and will be
referred to as *GET and *PUT, respec-
tively. *PUT executes twenty times
faster than PUT. This allows a BASIC
programmer to generate graphics dis-
H. Allen Curtis lives in Williamsburg,
Virginia. He is interested in 17th and
18th century history and enjoys biking
through the colonial capital He balan-
ces past and present with hi$ computer
work.
plays (stationary or animated) at ma-
chine language speeds.
The format of * GET is much like that
of GET, but streamlined. Gone are the
parentheses, minus sign and full graph-
ics indicator, *G\ The format is as
follows: *GETxl,yl,x2,y2,d, where
xl and yl form the xl,yl coordinate of
the upper-left corner of a rectangular
area on the display; x2 and y2 form the
x2,y2 coordinate of the lower-right
corner of the same rectangular area and
'd' is a letter A to Z denoting the
destination memory area at which a
copy of the rectangular area is stored.
*GET does not store the rectangular
display information in array form. For
maximum speed, it stores the informa-
tion directly in high RAM. *GET au-
tomatically reserves the required
amount of protected high RAM. The
destination letter is not a variable but
merely a label identifying the area in
which the display information is stored.
For increased speed, *GET and
*PUT were designed to work in PM0DE4
only. Limiting *GET and *PUT to
PM0DE4 is no real disadvantage because
of the many techniques that have beer
developed to paint in a multitude ol
colors in PMDDE4.
In PMDDE4 there are 256 pictun
elements (pixels) in a display line. Eact
line is composed of 32 bytes containing
eight pixels each. For increased speed,
the whole byte in which the 'xi' (i=l,2"
point is contained is transferred from
display memory to RAM. For instance.
*GET28 , 5 , 154 , 25 , fi would store in 21
partial lines (five through 25), each
consisting of 16 bytes containing points
24 through 1 59.
The format of *PUT is as follows:
*PUTxl , yl , x2 , y2 , s , a, where xl and
yl form the xl,yl coordinate of the
upper-left corner of a rectangular area
of the display; x2 and y2 form the x2,y2
coordinate of the lower-right corner oi
the same rectangular area; V is a letter
A to Z denoting the source memory area
containing the data to be displayed and
'a' is one of three possible actions —
P5ET, AND, OR.
The three actions are defined as
follows: PSET, set each display point in
the source memory area; AND, form the
logical AND of each byte in the rectan-
gular display area with each corre-
sponding byte of the source memory
area and write it on the display; and OR,
form the logical OR of each byte in the
rectangular display area with each
corresponding byte of the source mem-
ory area and write it on the display.
The three actions are not optional.
One of the three must be specified for
each *PUT given. *PUT does not sup-
port PRESET and NOT actions in the
interest of increased speed. Consistent
with *GET, no partial bytes of *PUT
are written on the display from the
source memory. Every whole byte con-
taining an xl or x2 point is written on
the display. The whole byte requirement
is an important factor in the extremely
fast *PUT execution rate.
Your computer's ECB ROM contains
machine language routines for the
execution of the statements GET and
PUT. To add *GET and *PUT to CoCo's
BASIC command repertoire, analogous
machine language routines must be
generated and stored in RAM. Listing
1, called Star Getput, does the required
machine language routine generation
and storage.
In the listing, the DATA values of lines
100 through 240 contain the 289 bytes
1 58 THE RAINBOW November 1 986
PRICKLY-PEAR SOFTWARE
QUALITY PROGRAMS FOR YOUR COCO & TDMOO
PROGRAMS REQUIRE 16K EXTENDED BASIC FOR TAPE, AND 32K DISK UNLESS OTHERWISE NOTED.
HALL OF THE KINO (Rainbow Review 6/86)
This program combines all the things you look for in a great
two disk graphics adventure program. The Hi-Res graphics
are superbly done. The text portion of the screen and the
graphics change quickly as you move through the HALL OF
THE KINO. You can move freely from one portion of the
adventure to another. Call up your inventory at any time. You
can even save or load a game at ANY time. HALL OF THE
KINQ will challenge even the most seasoned adventurer.
HALL OF THE KINQ requires 64K EB and one disk drive. This
exciting two disk adventure comes packaged In a vinyl case.
$39.95.
HALL OF THE KINO II — THE INNER CHAMBER
Continue your quest for the Earthstone in The Inner
Chambers of the HALL OF THE KINQ. Outstanding graphics
help show the way to success in your search to help restore
the legendary power of the Earthstone to the dwarven race.
The deeper you travel into the inner chambers, the more dif-
ficult your progress becomes. HALL OF THE KING II has all
the fine features of the first adventure. It is designed to
follow the original HALL OF THE KING but may be played as
a stand-alone adventure. The adventure fills two disks and
comes packaged in a handsome vinyl folder. It requires one
disk drive and 64K. $39.95
WARP FACTOR X (Rainbow Review 2/86)
If you have been waiting for a game for your color computer
that has everything, your wait is over. WARP FACTOR X is
here. This all graphics simulation game requires strategy,
fast thinking, an eye for detail, and above all experience in
knowing the capabilities of your starship and its computer.
(See review in Feb. 65 issue of Rainbow.) It requires 32K one
disk drive and comes packaged in a vinyl library case. $34.95
DARKMOOR HOLD (Rainbow Review 8/86)
You and your comrades will explore the levels of Darkmoor
Hold in an effort to gain great riches and defeat the dark
wizard. The Wizard will soon realize the threat you pose and
the many monsters you meet and battle will become stonger
and more powerful as you move through the 10 levels of
Darkmoor. A keen eye will help you find weapons and armor
to aid your battle along with treasures for you to keep. Your
party consists of a Dwarf, an Elf, and you, the Human, each
with their own special attributes. The weapons, armor and
treasure are placed randomly in each level to provide a new
challenge each time you play. You may also save the game
you are playing since defeating the evil Wizard is not an easy
task. It has great graphics and an impressive text screen to
give you more fun than a barrel of elves. Requires 64KEB and
1 disk drive. $29.95
POLICY ON PROTECTION
We believe our customers are honest — all of our software
can be backed up using standard backup procedures.
Your Personal check is welcome - no delay. Include $1.50
shipping for each order. TX residents add 5 1/8% sales tax.
Orders shipped within two days.
Dealer and author Inquiries are always welcome. Canadian
dealers should contact Kelly Software Distributors, Ltd. 608,
STNT, Calgary, Alberta T5H 2H2, (403) 236-2161
DRAGON BLADE
Animated Graphics Adventure
This 100% hkes graphics adventure features many animated
screens which will delight the avid adventurer. You search for
the magic Blade which is the only way to rid your homeland of
the fearsome dragon which has risen from a long rest to ter-
rorize your village. Fill your screen with super graphics as you
try to solve the difficult challenge the village leaders have set
before you. Dragon Blade requires 64K EB and 1 disk drive.
$29.95
UTILITIES
RTD Trio — Take advantage of this special offer. This
package of three utility programs includes our new DISK TO
TAPE, TAPE TO DISK (version 2.0), and ROMFREE (version
2.0). TAPE TO DISK moves BASIC, ML and DATA files from
tape to disk automatically — one program or an entire tape.
It even fixes those programs that load at hex 600 so they
work on a disk system. ROMFREE moves ROM packs to tape
or disk easily, and fixes them so you just load and EXEC.
ROMFREE now accomodates the larger 16K ROM packs.
You won't believe how easy it is to protect your software
library! These programs are shipped on tape. Requires 16K.
$49.95 ($24.95 each if purchased separately)
Prickly Pear Mallllst — Ver. 2.0 — You won't find a mailing
list program anywhere that will out-perform this one. Req.
32K and one disk drive. Only $29.95
STATISTICS
Lizpac — Absolutely the most complete statistics package
we have seen for ANY computer anywhere. Lizpack is 850,000
Bytes of programming filing 7 disks with an eighth disk con-
taining data files to be used in the examples. The 200 page
manual completely explains all that Lizpac has to offer. It is
user friendly. Send for more information. Req. 32K disk only.
$195.00
Send for our free catalog
Call (915) 584-7784 or
Send Order To: PRICKLY-PEAR SOFTWARE
213 La Mirada
El Paso, Texas 79932
/ can't find the P0KE25,6:NEW e-
quivalent for a Disk BASIC system.
Can you help?
Kevin Armalay
Pendel, PA
Kevin, The equivalent is POKE
25 , 14 : PDKE&HE00 , 0 : NEW.
Is there a good Hi-Res screen dump
for a DMP-100 printer?
e> Harry H. Hull
Martinsville, IN
13 Radio Shack markets BW-Dump
as part of their Hi-Res screen
dump utilities package which is compat-
ible with your printer.
How can I get colors in PM0DE4?
Ben Ariel
Natanya, Israel
13 You get the extra colors using
*-}C artifacting, Ben. For example, if
you draw two single pixel wide vertical
lines on a PM0DE4 screen, the double
pixel wide line will appear either red or
blue.
How do I speed up the clock on my
Co Co as turbo enhancements do the
IBM PCs? Has anyone heard any-
thing about the new Co Co that was
discussed at the Microware convention
last year?
Christopher Oxenreider
Montevideo, MN
13 The new CoCo 3 uses a 68B09
with a 2-MHz clock for twice the
speed of current CoCo 2s. Christopher,
see the September 1986 RAINBOW for
first impressions of the CoCo 3.
/ would like to know the real differ-
ences between a cassette and a disk
drive.
Pete Hagemeyer
Bethlehem, PA
13 Pete, the advantages of a disk
-^^Lover tape include speed of data
transfer, reliability of data transfer and
direct access capability.
/ would like to dump graphics
screens from Radio Shack's Micro
Illustrator which runs under OS-9.
Would Radio Shack's OS-9 High Reso-
lution Screen Dump program work
with it?
Charles Ward
Louisville, KY
13 It will work if you use one of
/L Radio Shack's 9-pin dot-matrix
printers.
I have been having some problems
trying to print text screens from my
programs on my printer. I have
included a sample program that is
typical of the programs I am trying to
print. They all work great on the com-
puter screen, but I can't get my printer
to reproduce them. Can you help?
Helga Craig
Uniondale, NY
13 Insert GOSUB 1000 in your pro-
v/C gram where you want it to dump
the screen, Helga.
1000 FOR 1=1024 TO 1535 STEP 32
1010 A$=""
1020 FOR J=I TO 1+31
1030 fi$=fi$+CHR$(PEEI<( I+J) ) ;
1040 NEXT J
1050 PRINT tt-2, R$
1060 NEXT I
1070 RETURN
How can I change the print width
for Disk Spectaculator (RS 26-
3256)?
David Bacus
Detroit, MI
13 David, to patch your Spectacula-
/C tor program, type the following:
PCLEflRB ENTER.
LdflDM "SPEC/BIN" ENTER.
POKE &H244E, <new printer
Width +1> ENTER
SflVEM "SPEC/BIN", &H1400,
&H35FF, &H1400 ENTER
Note: for the ROMpak version, the
print width is at Address SDOAF.
How can I fix the RND function so
that it generates a different sequence
of random numbers immediately
after I power up my CoCo?
Dan Frances
. Kent, WA
13 Insert X=RND ( -TIMER ) at the
beginning of your program to
seed the CoCo's random number gener-
ator, Dan.
/ saw several dump programs in the
May 1986 issue of RAINBOW which I
tried on my CoCo. None of the
programs worked on my printer, a
D MP- 110. Please send me a program
for my printer or tell me where lean find
a useful screen dump program for my
machine.
Danny Mc Vey
Pendleton, IN
13 Well Danny, Versadump is a
user-configurable screen print
utility for most 9-pin dot-matrix print-
ers. It appeared in the March 1985 issue
of HOT CoCo in an article entitled
"Printer Answers."
^ I have replaced my ROM BASIC LC
CoCo with a CoCo that uses BASIC
1.1. The only problem I have with ii
is that my word processor, Telewriter-
64, will not work with the BASIC LI. Is
there any way I can make my word
processor compatible with the updated
BAS/C? Charles Ross
Allentown, PA
13 Charles, a program called Tele-
A /L patch II, from Spectrum Pro-
jects, allows you to use the 1.1 ROM.
It also provides several additional
features to enhance Telewriter-64. It
sells for $29.95.
H How do I disable the I I O Error
when loading a BASIC program so
that lean at least salvage the portion
of the program up to the error?
Charles Gibson
Edwardsville, IL
13 "Doctor ASCII" contained a
-^^program that allowed you to load
a BASIC program up to the point where
the I/O Error was encountered. For
more information, Charles, look in the
November 1983 HOT CoCo.
VIP Library refers to the LCA-47
lowercase adapter and its attributes.
Do you have any further information
on this subject?
Joseph Johnston
Swanton, VT
13 The article "80 Applications," in
A X the November 1982 80 Micro-
computing [Page 78] contains instruc-
tions for building your own LCA-47
lowercase adapter for the CoCo includ-
ing schematic, Joseph.
M I want to play games on my CoCo
^ with a friend over the phone. Do you
Sknow of anything available that will
allow me to do this?
Denis Bowers
Ontario, Canada
13 Denis, Bit 232 published in "Doc-
A X tor ASCII" in HOT CoCo Feb-
ruary 1986, allows two CoCos to send
and receive information via the RS-232
port using BASIC. Also, see the
Mc Checkers game on Page 114 of this
issue.
For a quicker response, your questions
may also be posted in the Forum section
of rainbow's CoCo SIG on Delphi. In
Forum, type ADD and address your
questions to the username DOCTOR
ASCII. You may also send questions to
DOCTORASCII via Delphi Mail.
156 THE RAINBOW November 1986
available that will allow me to do this?
A. Obner
Hendersonville, NC
f€. Only high level language source
/C code such as c, pascal, basic,
etc., saved in ASCII can be transferred
to CoCo ASCII files. They may then
need customization due to hardware or
I/O differences. The program that
allows you to do this is CoCo Util II.
It sells for $39.95. Contact Mark Data
Products, 24001 Alicia Parkway, No.
207, Mission Viejo, CA 92691, (714)
7768-1551.
Does anyone offer FORTH for the
CoCo? How about FORTH on a
ROM chip to replace BASIC?
Charles Beckers Jr.
Middletown, RI
O There are no FORTH ROM chips
available for the CoCo that I
know of, Charles. Frank Hogg Labor-
atory offers eFORTH for FLEX or Disk
BASIC for $79.95. Contact them at 77
James St., Syracuse, NY 13203, (315)
474-7856.
/ have a Radio Shack Line Printer
VIII which I use in my business. The
printer works great except, due to my
heavy use, the pins wear out and break.
Radio Shack only offers the entire print
head unit which costs $99, but I only
need the pins. Do you know where I can
obtain these pins separately?
Marvin D. Petersen
Sepulveda, CA
ID The print head is sold by Radio
Shack only as a unit. TEK's part
number is HE82C1 17101 for the head.
Marvin, I suggest you contact NEC
and/ or C.Itoh, which are the other
companies that import TEK printers
under their labels.
Where can I get a ribbon for my
printer without having to buy the
entire cassette the ribbon fits into?
Marlene
Fresno, CA
X> BCCOMPCO, 800 South 17,
A X Box 246, Somersville, MO 65571 ,
(417) 932-4196 is a supplier of ribbons
without the cartridges for various pop-
ular computer printers, Marlene.
Another solution is to re-ink your
ribbons with Maclnker from Computer
Friends, 6415 S.W. Canyon Ct., Port-
land, OR 97221, (503) 297-2321.
How do authors split the screen so
that the upper half is graphics and
the lower half text? Vm interested in
writing my own Adventure and would
find this technique very useful.
Jason Johnston
Lillooet, British Columbia
ID The text is generated with high
resolution graphics using a pro-
gram such as Computerware's 64 K
Screen Expander software, Jason.
How can I find the start address,
length and end address of a machine
language I binary file written on tape?
I want to read these programs and store
them on disk with the proper informa-
tion so they can be loaded and run from
disk.
Paul L. Bishop
Aurora, Ontario
ID Load the program into memory,
A X Paul - The start address is PRINT
PEEK(487)*25G+PEEK(4B8).
The end address is PRINT PEEK
(126)*256 + PEEK (127) -1. The
execution address is PRINT PEEK (157)
* 25G + PEEK (158) - To obtain the
length, simply subtract the end address
from the start address and add 1 .
Is there a disk-to-tape or tape-to-
disk copier that I can use to transfer
my files? How can I find out what
type of board I have?
Jason Munson
Tucson, AZ
ID See Roger Schrag's "The Limo-
A /L sine Utility: A Tape to Disk
Transfer Vehicle" (RAINBOW, January
1984) for the transfer utility you want.
Look at the lower right-hand corner of
the printed circuit board for the serial
number of your machine, Jason. CoCo
board serial numbers ended with the
letters *D\ 'E' and '285' or 'NC. The
former are known as *D' and 'E' boards,
and the latter as T* boards.
I need a head alignment kit. Do you
know where I can obtain one for my
CoCo? I asked a salesman at Radio
Shack and he had no idea.
Ron Clifton,
Charleston, SC
ID J&M Systems, 15100-A Central
A X SE Albuquerque, NM 87123,
(505) 292-4182, sells Memory Minder,
a disk drive diagnostics program and a
special precision alignment disk with
versions for single- and double-sided
drives. [See review in RAINBOW Sep-
tember 1986, Page 144.]
Does anyone offer a program sim-
ilar to Print-Shop? The program is
used to make signs or posters on
regular-size paper.
David Jones
Frostburg, MD
ID CoCo MAX II from Colorware
gives you the capability to put
text and graphics together on the
CoCo's screen much like the acclaimed
Apple Mcintosh's MacPaint. Hope-
fully, David, the makers of CoCo MAX
//will come out with a super version for
the new CoCo 3.
/ am looking for a COBOL compiler.
Do you know of any on the market
at the present time?
Robert Lett
Columbus, MS
ID Frank Hogg Laboratory sells
A ;£both OS-9 and FLEX COBOL
compilers for the CoCo, Robert.
Crunch COBOL for FLEX is $99.95 and
CIS COBOL for OS-9 is $400.
/ need a BBS program for one or
two disk drives. Do you know where
I can obtain one?
Paul Bolton
Shreveport, LA
ID Paul, RAINBOW published a bul-
A T^letin board program in No-
vember 1985 called Co BBS, by Richard
Duncan. It was largely written in BASIC,
thus easily customizable for your own
computer applications,
/ am looking for a word processor
for my CoCo that would allow me to
edit two files independently, but side
by side. Do you know of any word
processors in the works that would
allow me to do this?
Paul Whiting
Madison, WI
ID No, not for the CoCos 1 or 2, but
/L with windows on the CoCo 3, the
capability is there. You could have two
Stylograph sessions operating in separ-
ate windows and switch back and forth
between them, Paul.
/ just purchased a TRS-80 Touch
Pad but cannot find any software
advertised to work with it.
Michael J. Fath
Wadsworth, OH
ID It simulates a joystick, Mike, so
/C many joystick-compatible pro-
grams will work with it.
November 1 986 THE RAINBOW 1 55
DOCTOR ASCII
Introducing a new Rainbow column
Rainbow to the Rescue
By Richard E. Esposito
Rainbow Contributing Editor
with Richard W. Libra
TT the fall of 1985, when Radio
I *W\ Shack did not offer a "Super
JLJIJLCoCo" to compete with the
new Commodore and Atari offerings,
the publishers of HOT Co Co magazine
apparently assumed the CoCo was dead
so they killed their magazine. In time,
the people at Peterborough [CW Com-
munications/Peterborough Inc.] evi-
dently thought CoCo owners would
switch over to the Tandy 1000.
After the demise of HOT CoCo, my
column, "Doctor ASCII," was switched
to another of their magazines, 80 Micro.
But, it was clear to me from the begin-
ning that the days of Color Computer
coverage in 80 Micro were numbered.
I was given some hope when Tandy
surprised everyone by releasing sales
figures [first quarter, 1986] indicating
that CoCo sales were still quite high;
36,000 versus 42,000 for all of the Tandy
MS-DOS systems [Editor's Note: These
figures do not even include Christmas
sales, in which the CoCo is always a
clear standout!] But, alas, additional
coverage of the Color Computer in 80
Micro did not materialize and existing
coverage was relegated to the rear of the
magazine.
Rather, 80 Micro reaffirmed their
support for Tandy's Z80 and MS-DOS
products, so it came as no surprise to
me when I received a telephone call
informing me that the "HOT CoCo"
section of 80 Micro and, consequently,
"Doctor ASCII" were being killed.
Wanting to preserve my long estab-
Richard Esposito is a project engineer
for TRW's Government Systems
Group. He holds bachelor's, master's
and doctorate degrees from Polytechnic
Institute of Brooklyn. He has been
writing about microcomputers since
1980.
lished column, I immediately called the
rainbow. Editor and Publisher Lonnie
Falk and Managing Editor Jim Reed
were both cordial and supportive. They
understood my commitment to the
CoCo Community and shared my en-
thusiasm for carrying on. They, too,
wanted "Doctor ASCII" to continue.
So, thanks to THE rainbow, the
tradition continues. [Editor's Note:
With the gracious consent of Eric Mal-
oney, editor-in-chief at 80 Micro, the
column will continue to be known as
"Doctor ASCII."] And, with the intro-
duction of the new Color Computer 3,
the CoCo is stronger than ever — a
great new force in the home market. I
am pleased to be affiliated now with
the rainbow staff and with publisher
Lonnie Falk, whose faith in the Color
Computer has never wavered.
How is the INKEYS statement used
in programming? I'm attempting to
write programs to assist me in per-
forming research in my psychology
classes.
Scott Lam
Walla Walla, WA
15 The INKEYS function checks mo-
/L mentarily to see if a key is de-
pressed, Scott. If a program contains
the statement 100 fl$=INKEY$, mosl
likely AS will contain an empty string
after it is executed unless you are
Johnny-on-the-spot pressing the key
the moment your CoCo looks for it. The
usual code that uses it is as follows:
100 R$=INKEY$: IF fi$ < THEN
100
With this code, the CoCo keeps execut-
ing the INKEYS function until it returns
a non-null character which can then be
found in the variable A$.
Is there a program on tape to con-
vert the computer screen to 80 co-
lumns instead of 32?
Todd Johnson
Rochester, MN
T2j PBJ's Wordpak plugs into Radio
A }L Shack's MultiPak interface and
drives an 18-MHz or greater composite
video monochrome monitor. Software
drivers are available for FLEX, OS-9
and Disk BASIC. Most Radio Shack
software will not run using Wordpak
unless it is specifically designed to use
it, Todd. Elite Software and Cer-Comp
are the leading marketers of Wordpak-
compatible Disk BASIC software. Most
FLEX and OS-9 software using PBJ's
drivers uses the full 80 columns with
little or no modification.
/ need to use IBM-compatible pro-
grams on my CoCo at times and was
wondering if there is any software
154
THE RAINBOW November 1986
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)rocess doesnt take over 10 minutes.
Drive 1 Upgrade is of excellent quality, with a heavy, die-
;ast frame and rigidly mounted printed circuit board. The
lalf-height design is very popular and the TEC brand is
vell-known in the drive industry. The drive is capable of
iccessing 40 tracks and runs easily at 6 ms head stepping
ate. The circuit board flat cable connector features gold-
)lated contacts. It also incorporates a direct drive DC
jrushless motor with no belt. I checked the speed of the new
Irive and it was 298.8 RPM, which is well within correct
)perating limits. I assume that the speed can be changed
vith some internal adjustment, although it was not
locumented.
My only complaint with this upgrade is that it is noisy
luring track-to-track access, but it's no worse than the
iadio Shack Drive 0. Setting the stepping rate at 6 ms
greatly reduces the noise, as many CoCo users have already
liscovered.
I believe this upgrade should be investigated by any CoCo
iser interested in adding extra disk drives. It's not difficult
o install (no soldering is required) and you can save $60
>r more by doing it yourself.
Software Review*
(Spectrum Projects Inc., P.O. Box 264, Howard Beach, NY
11414, $139.95 plus $3 S/H)
- Jerry Semones
o* 6
THE RAINBOW'S
ne-Liner Contest
has now been expanded
to include programs of
either one or two lines. This
means a new dimension and new
opportunity for those who have "really
neat" programs that simply just won't fit in
one line.
Here are the guidelines: The program must
work in Extended basic, have only one or two
line numbers and be entirely self-contained —
no loading other programs, no calling ROM
routines, no poked-in machine language code.
The program has to run when typed in directly
(since that's how our readers will use it). Make
sure your line, or lines, aren't packed so tightly
that the program won't list completely. Finally,
any instructions needed should
be very short.
Send your entry
(preferably on cassette) to:
Become a Hi-Res Hero
With Dragon Blade
Those who like playing Adventure games are in for a
treat. Prickly-Pear Software has created an animated, Hi-
Res Adventure that sends you into the Middle Ages with
style.
The object of the game is to find the Dragon Blade, which
is the only thing that will kill the ancient dragon that has
been terrorizing your small medieval village.
In its last attack, the dragon killed your father, the chief
of the village. Now you must succeed him as chief, and
somehow save the village from further attack.
You begin your quest in the Forest of Lore, soon
discovering that the quiet countryside holds mystery and
danger. As you search for the Blade, you encounter
gargoyles, witches and a menacing guardian. You may fall
into an abandoned mine shaft and find yourself wandering
in a dark maze, or facing a monster who can turn you into
stone with a single look. Despite these risks you must forge
ahead, gathering the tools and knowledge that will allow
you to slay the dragon and save your village.
Some Hi-Res Adventures are so slow you have to wait
more than you play, but Dragon Blade is quick enough to
keep the action rolling. The graphics are first-rate. (See
Figure 1 .) They are well-designed and do a good job setting
the stage for a medieval quest. Several screens bring the
Adventure to life with animation.
Figure 1: Although the photo is shown in black and white,
the actual Hi-Res game screen is in color.
Dragon Blade is definitely worth buying if you enjoy
Adventure games — and it would make a great Christmas
gift for your favorite CoCo nut.
(Prickly-Pear Software, 213 La Mirada, El Paso, TX 79932,
64K disk required, $29.95)
— Andy Dater
November 1986 THE RAINBOW 151
f \ . . pick an
option from a
pull-down
menu and it
insti
a bullet chart
you can print
on an
overhead trans-
parency,
99
« ''av %: if k y JL "
screen, although it can accept lines up
to 256 characters long.
So far I have only heard of two
drawbacks to the Color Computer 3 as
far as OS-9 Level II is concerned. The
first is the fact that the Tandy Sound/
Speech Cartridge does not work with it
because OS-9 always runs at 1.79 MHz
and the Sound/ Speech Cartridge can
only deal with .89 MHz. The good news
is you can add a switch to bypass the
XOR gate in the Sound/ Speech Car-
tridge and it will work at the higher
clock speed. The other drawback is that
a modification must be made to the
expansion interface to allow it to run.
You need to take it to a computer center
to have it modified.
Larson's SysGo Revisited
In May of this year we published an
alternate SysGo module for OS-9 Level
I, Version 1 .00 or Version 1.01. Also that
month, we discussed various techniques
you could use to force OS-9 to start up
in a RAM disk. David Curtis, of Heath,
Ohio, put the tips into action and sent
us the completed product. It is listed
here. Curtis also submitted a simple
utility that takes the place of the Micro-
soft BASIC CL5 command. Interestingly
enough, we received another CL5 pro-
gram from John Bowden of the U.S.
Navy's COMTHIRDFLLT N-2 in
Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. Bowden's code
shows how to fork a new process since
it clears the screen by calling the OS-9
display command. If you have both
display and CL5 loaded in memory, this
method is fast, too.
Version 2.00
Along with his program listings,
Curtis sent a question. "Why bother
with OS-9 Level I, Version 2.00?" he
asked. "The 80-column driver won't run
my WordPak I. The disk driver wont
handle double-sided drives. The hard
drive Tandy supports is out of sight
price-wise. The config program is nice
and permits easy creation of a custom
system disk. That's about it."
I guess the answer to that question
revolves around what you are going to
do with your computer. If you plan on
running all the new programs coming
out for OS-9, youH most likely need the
latest version of the operating system.
Some programs operate across a
number of operating systems; many
SPECIAL DEAL ON THE GREATEST SOFTWARE DEAL
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$ 150
00
★★THIS MONTH ONLY**
VISA
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(A *35 value)
RAINBOW
CtftWlCATION
UAL
ON EARTH JUST GOT BETTER!
THAT'S RIGHT! THIS MONTH WE'VE DROPPED OUR YEARLY
SUBSCRIPTION RATE AN UNBELIEVABLE »10.°° TO ENTICE YOU
INTO SUBSCRIBING WITH US. GET 12 DISKS OR TAPES A YEAR
CONTAINING OVER 120 QUALITY PROGRAMS. A SUBSCRIP-
TION TO T & D SOFTWARE CONSISTS OF 10 READY-TO-LOAD
PROGRAMS DELIVERED BY FIRST CLASS MAIL EVERY MONTH.
NO WE ARE NOT THE SAME AS THE RAINBOW ON TAPE. IN
FACT, MANY SUBSCRIBERS HAVE WRITTEN IN AND SAID THAT
WE ARE MUCH BETTER THAN RAINBOW ON TAPE!
1 YEAR (12 Issues)
6 MO. (6 issues)
1 1SSUE
PRICES-
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OR DISK
AIMS'
THIS
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* 16K-64K ColorComputer OUR LATEST ISSUE CONTAINED
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* July '82 (Over 500 Programs) 3. Bak Chekers 8. Dragon Adventure
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ff^\\ 5 - stock Charting 1 0. Auto Border
RAINBOW
CCJITVWATIOM
r T i
■ MasterCard!
T&D SUBSCRIPTION SOFTWARE, P.O. BOX 256C, HOLLAND, Ml 49423 (61 6) 396-7577
November 1986 THE RAINBOW 201
Protect and highlight
gour important
magazine collection
with sturdy
RAINBOW binders
Distinctive, Durable RAINBOW Binders
THE rainbow is a vital resource to be referred to
again and again. Keep your copies of the rainbow safe
in our quality, distinctive binders that provide com-
plete protection.
These attractive red vinyl binders showcase your
collection and ensure your rainbows are in mint
condition for future use. Each binder is richly em-
bossed with the magazine's name in gold on the front
and spine- They make a handsome addition to any
room.
Put an End to Clutter
Organize your workspace with these tasteful bind-
ers. Spend more time with your CoCo and eliminate
those frustrating searches for misplaced magazines.
A set of two binders, which holds a full 12 issues of
the rainbow, is only $13.50 (plus $2.50 shipping and
handling).
Special Discounts on Past Issues
To help you complete your collection of the rain-
bow, we're offering a special discount on past issues
of the magazine.
When you place an order for six or more back issues
of the rainbow at the same time you order binders,
you are entitled to $1 off the regular back issue price.
To order, please see the "Back Issue Information"
page in this issue.
Know Where to Look
You may purchase the "Official And Compleat Index
To THE RAINBOW" for $1 when you purchase a set
of binders. This comprehensive index of rainbow's
first three years (July 1981 through July 1984) is
usually priced at $2.50.
YES. Please send me
set(s) of rainbow binders
Take advantage of these special offers with your binder purchase:
Save $1 off the single issue cover price for back issues. Minimum order of 6 magazines. Please
enclose a back issue order form from a recent issue indicating magazines wanted.
Purchase the "Official and Compleat Index to THE RAINBOW" for $1. (Regular price $2.50.)
(These offers good only with the purchase of a rainbow binder set)
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In order to hold down non-editorial costs, we do not bill.
For credit card orders call (800) 847-0309, 8 a.m. to 5 p.m. EST
All other inquiries call (502) 228-4492.
won't. Almost all of the new Tandy
software products require OS-9 Level I,
Version 2.00 to operate.
Starting BASIC09
Ray Preston of Rarotonga in the
Cook Islands was one of a group of
recent writers wanting to know how to
get BASIC09 up and running.
Here's the problem. Tandy did not
put BASIC09 in the CMDS directory on
the production disk. They put it in the
root directory. If you have two disk
drives, leave your system disk in Drive
/ dO and plug the BASIC09 disk into Drive
/dl, then type:
OS9: chx /dl
OS9: Basic09
If you have a single-drive system, take
out the system disk and plug the BASIC09
disk in Drive /dO, then type:
chx /dO
basic09
This should put you on the air once
and for all.
OS-9 Software Sourcebook
The OS-9 Software Sourcebook writ-
ten by Phyllis Casel can help you find
that software you're looking for. It's
available from Microware Systems
Corporation, 1866 N.W. 114th Street,
Des Moines, IA 50322, (515) 224-1929.
Give them a call.
If all goes well, by the time I write the
next installment, we will be settled in
here in New York City and will have had
our hands on the new CoCo 3 for
several weeks. Now if we can just get our
hands on Level II OS-9! □
Listing 1: sysgo
pyjyjp ±
ft ft ft ft o
joppjoj
ft ft ft ft A
ft ft ft ft c
ft ft ft T\
pppu
c . cr
ft n rt n. /"
pfSppb
ft ft ft ft f> *t f \ T~\ ft ft f\ K
pppp 87CDxJp9A
ft ft ft ft*!
ppppl
000D 53797347
name
rXfXfXrxo
ppppo
0012 0O
ft ft ft ft f\
y>joy)jo9
ppLJ 2r 3230
new&ir
00010
0016 0D
00011
0017 2F52302F
newexe
001B 434D4453
cmds
00013
001F 0D
00014
0020 5368656C
shell
00015
0025 0D
00016
0026 53746172
startup
00017
0030 0D
00018
00019
0031 .55007412
initdat
00020
0035 7FFF03B7
00021
0039 FFDF7EF0
00022
003D 0C
00023
00024
000D
idatlen
00025
00026
003E 308C55
Start
00027
0041 103F09
00028
0044 308CEA
00029
0047 CE0071
00030
004A C60D
00031
004C A680
movidat
00032
004E A7C0
00033
0050 5A
00034
0051 26F9
ifpl
endc
equ $d
mod eom,naiiie, $C1, $81, start, $00C8
fcs . /SysGo/
fcb 6
fee M /Rj3 M
fcb c.cr
fee "/RJ3/ M
fee /CMDS/
fcb c.cr
fee /Shell/
fcb c.cr
fee /Startup -p/
fcb c.cr ■
fcb $55,J3,$74 / $12
fcb ^F^FF^S^B?
fcb $FF, $DF, $7E, $Fj3
fcb $J3C
equ *-initdat
leax <rti,pcr
os9 f$icpt
leax <initdat , per
ldu #$J3J371
ldb #idatlen
Ida , x+ , pert , $Fj3 , per
sta , u+
decb
bne movidat
i
November 1986 THE RAINBOW 203
ft ft ft *\ ^*
00035
w /"< r~" *-<i
0053
A «f *V J««
308CC5
leax
<cmds,pcr
*w *w m# a m+m
00036
0056
8604
Ida
#4
00037
^tf pv* «
0058
103F86
os9
• At 1_ , J » .
i$chgdir
w w a a
00038
005B
308CC2
leax
<shell,pcr
<startup,pcr
ft ft ft f±
00039
005E
338CC5
leau
ft ^t ft t ft
00040
ft ft f^
0061
CC0 100
ldd
II A W <1 ft ft
# $0 100
ft ft A ^
00041
ft ft f' A
0064
108E0015
ldy
#21
ft ft ft A f>
00042
ft ft f* f%
0068
103F03
os9
f $fork
ft ft ft A fS.
00043
006B
2527
bcs
mf loop
ft ft ft A A
00044
ft ft f T*V
006D
103F04
os9
f $wait
ft ft ft a r"
00045
W W m w
0070
308CA0
leax
<newdir ,pcr
ft ft ft A f^
00046
<T( /T( i-f a
0073
8603
Ida
00047
0075
103F86
os9
i$chgdir
00048
^tf W P*9 ^fc
0078
308C9C
leax
<newexe,pcr
00049
007B
8 604
Ida
41 A
f
pppop
pp / u
ijf J r oD
OS 7
pppD ±
ppop
icstai U IcaX
ssneii /per
ppp D Z
p p O J
V-.^-^ -Lp P
00053
ft ft /■%
0086
108E0000
ldy
00054
008A
103F03
MMA*i
OS9
f $fork
008D
2505
bcs
infloop
00056
008F
103F04
os9
f $wait
00057
W A A
0092
24EC
bcc
restart
00058
0094
T71 T-i
20 FE
lnrioop Jora
inr loop
pppDV
0096
3B
i Ul ill
00060
0097
E1ED78
00061
009A
a f\m f\ m t
eoiu squ
00000
error (s)
00000 warning (s)
$009A 00154 program byt
es generated
$0000 00000 data bytes
allocated
$1948
06472 bytes used
for symbols
Listing 2: els
00001
00002
00003
00004
00005
00006
00007
00008
00010
00011
00012
00013
00014
00015
00016
00017
00018
00019
00020
00021
*
*
Clear Screen Utility
by David Curtis / Heath, OH
To use els load els; link els and
type els anytime you want tb clear the screen
nam
els
if pi
endc
0000
87CD0028
mod
endpgm, name , type , revs , start , size
000D
636CF3
name
fes
/els/
0011
type
set
prgrm+objet
0081
revs
set
reent+1
0000
char
rmb
1
0010
size
equ
ic
0010
5F
start
clrb
0011
860C
Ida
#$0C
204 THE RAINBOW November1986
00022
0013 308DFFE9
leax
char, per
00023
0017 A784
sta
0,x
00024
0019 108E0001
ldy
#$01
001D 8601
Ida
#$01
00026
001F 103F8A
os9
i$write
00027
0022 103F06
os9
f$ex'it
00028
0025 C33547
emod
ot rt o q
ppy)2.3
ppzo
enapgm
equ
•la
* •
00030
end
00000
error (s)
00000 warning (s)
$0028
00040 program byt
es generated
$0001 00001 data bytes
allocated
$18D0 06352 bytes used
for symbols
Listing 3: al te mat. els
•
■
pppp x
* Alternative version of
CLS that forks a process
(% (% /% (% o
pppp £
* to use the DISPLAY utility to clear your screen.
pp pp O
rt 01 01 /
Pppptk
nam
els
(% (% f% f% cr
ppppu
ifpl
f% f% f% (% *7
PPPP 1
endc
ftftftftQ
ppppo
ft ft ft ftr\
ppppy
0000 87CD003E
mod
clsend .name, type. revs, start, size
00010
000D 636CF3
name
f cs
/els/
00011
0010 02
edition
feb
2
rt l
0011
type
set
Drcrrm+obi ct
J3j3j313
0081
revs
set
reent+1
W14
D 0000
rmb
300
00015
D 012C
size
equ
00016
00017
0011 7368656C
shlstr
f cs
/shell/
00018
0016 64697370
cmdstr
fee
/display 0C/
00019
0020 0D
feb
$0D
00020
00021
0021 308DFFEC
Start
leax
shlstr, per
00022
0025 338DFFED
leau
cmdstr, per
00023
0029 108E000A
ldy
#$0A
00024
002D 8601
Ida
#1
00025
002F 5F
clrb
00026
0030 103F03
os9
f$fork
00027
0033 2503
bes
error
00028
0035 103F04
os9
f$wait
00029
0038 103F06
error
os9
f$exit
00030
003B EA7E5C
emod
00031
003E
clsend
equ
*
00032
end
00000
error (s)
00000 warning (s)
$003E 00062 program byt
es generated
$012C 00300 data bytes
allocated
$18FD 06397 bytes used
for symbols
November 1986 THE RAINBOW 205
THESE FINE STORES
CARRY THE RAINBOW
The retail stores listed below carry the rainbow on a regular basis and may have
other products of interest to Tandy Color Computer users. We suggest you
patronize those in your area.
ALABAMA
Birmingham
Brewton
Florence
Greenville
Madison
Montgomery
ALASKA
Fairbanks
ARIZONA
Phoenix
Sierra Vista
Tempe
Tucson
ARKANSAS
Fayetteville
Little Rock
CALIFORNIA
Citrus Heights
Grass Valley
Half Moon Bay
Hollywood
Lompoc
Los Angeles
Sacramento
Santa Rosa
Sunnyvale
COLORADO
Westminster
DELAWARE
Middietown
Mifford
Wilmington
FLORIDA
Boca Raton
Cocoa
Davie
Ft Lauderdale
Jacksonville
Melbourne
North Miami
Beach
Orlando
Panama City
Pensacola
Pinellas Park
Sarasota
Starke
Sunrise
Tallahassee
Tampa
Titusville
GEORGIA
Bremen
Cummings
Jesup
Marietta
Toccoa
IDAHO
Moscow
ILLINOIS
Aurora
Belleville
Champolgn
Chicago
Jefferson News Co.
McDowell Electronics
Anderson News Co,
M & B Electronics
Madison Books
Trade *N' Books
Electronic World
TRI-TEK Computers
Livingston's Books
Books Etc.
Computer Library
Anderson News Co.
Vaughn Electronics/Radio Shack
Anderson News Co.
Software Pius
Advance Radio, Inc.
Strawflower Electronics
Levity Distributors
World Book & News Co.
L&H Electronics Emporium
E.D.C industries
Polygon Co.
Tower Magazine
Sawyer's News, inc.
Computer Literacy
Software City : ;
DelmarCo.
Milford News Stand
Normal Inc.— -The Smoke Shop
Software, Software, Inc.
The Open Door
Software Plus More
Electronics Engineers
Mike's Electronics Distributor
The Book Nook
Book Town
Deano'sTV
City Newsstand
The Little Store
Aimar Bookstore
Book Mania
Boyd-Ebert Corp.
Anderson News Co.
Wolfs Newsstand
Family Computers
Record Junction, inc.
Radio Shack Dealer
Sunn/s at Sunset, Inc.
Anderson News Co.
Fine Print Bookstore
Sound Trader & Computer Center
Computrac
Bremen Electronics/Radio Shack
Kent Radio Shack
Radio Shack
Act One Video
Martin Music Radio Shack
Johnson News Agency
Kroch's & Brentano's
Software or Systems ,
Book Market
B. Dalton Booksellers
N.Wabash St,
West Jackson St.
Bob's In Newtown
Bob's News Emporium
Bob's Rogers Park
Book Market
East Cedar
North Cicero
West Diversey
E.B, Garcia & Associates
Kroch's & Brentano's
South Wobash
West Jackson
516 N. Michigan
835 N. Michigan
Porkway Drugs
Parkwest Books
Sandmeyer's Bookstore
Univ. of Chicago Bookstore
Univ, of Illinois Bookstore
Y/iHcv^m<"*it In/* 1
V IUOUI I IUI, H IU.
Chlllicothe
Book Emporium
Danville
Book Market
Decatur
Book Emporium
K-Mart Pioza
Northgate Mall
East Moline
Book Emporium
Evanston
Chicago-Moln News
Geneseo
8 & J Supply
Kewanee
Book Emporium
Usie
Book Nook
Newton
Bill's TV Radio Shack
Oak Brook
Kroch's & Brentano's
Oak Park
Kroch s a Bientano s
Paris
Book FmDorium
Peoria
Book Emporium
Sheridan Village
Wesfjake Shopping Center
Book Market
Illinois News Service
Schaumberg
Kroch's & Brentano's
oKOKIG
Krocn s « menrano s
Snrtnafleld
Book Fmoorlum
Sanaamon Center North
Town & Countrv ShODDlna Ctr
Sunnvland
WLJ 1 11 IYIUI Wu
Book Fmoorium
Wo<rf Frnnkfort
Paosr Place
vvi itjcxiii ly
I lUI II 1 Ol ftJIU L/luH t\J% 0
lUM Aid A
INDIANA
Berne
White Cottaae Electronics
Columbus
Micro Computer Systems, Inc.
Garrett
Finn News Agency, Inc.
Greenwood
The Computer Experience
Indianapolis
Bookland, Inc.
u>eimar (News
maiana News
Jasper
tiex MarT
rviaaison
hi co Venice supplies
Martinsville
Radio Shack
Wabash
Mitting's Electronics
IOWA
Davenport
Interstate Book Store
KANSAS
Topeka
Palmer News, Inc.
Town Crier of Topeka, Inc.
Wichita
Amateur Radio Equipment Co.
Lloyd's Radio
KENTUCKY
Georgetown
Goodwin Electronics
Hazard
Daniel Boone Gulf Mart
Hopkinsvllle
Hobby Shop
Louisville
The Computer Store
Paducah
Radio Shack
Paintsville
R-Kat Electronics
Pikevllle
Gus-Stan Enterprises
Princeton
Miller Electronics
LOUISIANA
Crowley
Acadlana Newsstand
Monroe
The Book Rack
MAINE
Brockton
Voyager Bookstore
Caribou
Radio Shack
Waterboro
Radio Shack
MARYLAND
Silver Spring Layhill Newsstand
MASSACHUSETTS
Brockton
Cambridge
Fitchburg
Ipswich
Uttleton
Lynn
MICHIGAN
Allen Park ■
Dearborn
Durand
Harrison
Lowell
Mt. Clemens
Muskegon
Owosso
Perry
Roseville
Royal Oak
St. Johns
Sterling
Heights
Wyoming
MINNESOTA
Minneapolis
Willmar
MISSOURI
Farmington
Jefferson City
Kirksvifle
Moberly
St. Louis
University City
MONTANA
Whiteflsh
NEBRASKA
Lincoln
Omaha
NEVADA
Las Vegas
NEW HAMPSHIRE
West Lebanon
NEW JERSEY
Cedar Knolls
Clinton
tawrencevijle
. Unwood
Marmora
Montvaie
Pehnsville
River Edge
Rockaway
NEW MEXICO
Alamogordo
Albuquerque
NEW YORK
Brockport
Elmira Heights
r IFredonia
^Hudson Falls 1
v^,%> : Q Johnson City
New York
per f'.f~
Voyager Bookstore
Out Of Town News
Corners Book Shop
Ipswich News
Computer Plus
North Shore News Co.
Book Nook, Inc.
DSL Computer Products
Robbins Electronics
Harrison Radio Shack
Curf s Sound & Home Arcade Center
Key Book Shop
Michigan Radio
The Eight Bit Corner
C/C Computer Systems
Perry Computers
Perry Oil & Gas
New Horizons
Software City
Clinton Electronics
Sterling Book Center
Gerry's Book Co.
Read-More News
The Photo Shop
Ra/s TV & Radio Shack
"Cowley Distributing :
T&R Electronics
Audio Hut
Book Emporium
Computer Xchange
final Edition
Consumer Electronics of Whiteflsh
Hobby Town
Computers & Components
Hurley Electronics
Verham News Corp.
Village Computer & Software
Micro World II
Micro Con Software Center
Software City
Outpost Radio Shack
Software City
Dave's Elect. Radio Shack
Software City
Software Station
New Horizons Computer Systems
Desert Moon Distributors
Page One Newsstand
Lift Bridge Book Shop, Inc.
Southern Tier News Co., Inc,
On Line: Computer Access Center
G A West & Co,
Unicom Electronics
Barnes & Noble— Sales Annex
Coliseum Books
Eastern Newsstand
Grand Central Station, Track 37
200 Park Ave., (Pan Am #1 )
55 Water Street
World Trade Center #2
First Stop News
Idle Hours Bookstore
International Smoke Shop
206 THE RAINBOW November 1 986
N. White Plains
Pawilng
Rochester
Wood haven
NORTH CAROLINA
Aberdeen
Cary
Charlotte
HavJock
Hickory
Marlon
NORTH DAKOTA
Forgo
OHIO
Blanchester
Canton
Chardon
Cincinnati
Columbiana
Coshocton
Dayton
Fdirborn
Girard
Kent
Kenton
Lakewood
Lima
Miamisburg
Mount Crab
Rocky River
Toledo
Xenla
OKLAHOMA
Oklahoma
City
Tulsa
OREGON
Portland
PENNSYLVANIA
Allison Park
Altoona
Brookville
Malvern
Philadelphia
Phoenlxville
Pittsburgh
Pleasant Hills
Temple
Wind Gap
York
RHODE ISLAND
Warwick
SOUTH CAROLINA
Charleston Hts.
Gaffney
Greenville
Spartanburg
Union
TENNESSEE
Chattanooga
Dickson
Jonil Smoke
Penn Book
Software City
State News
Usercom Systems, inc.
Walden Books
World Wide Media Services
Software City
Universal Computer Service
village Green
World Wide News
Spectrum Projects
k
King Electronics
Radio Shack '
News Center In Cary Village
Newsstand InH
Papers & Paperback
Computer Plus
CP Books & Comics
Boomers Rhythm Center
GOmpyfer Associates
JR Computer Control
Little Professor Book Center
Thrasher Radio & TV
Cinsoft
Fidelity Sound & Electronics
Utopia Software
Huber Heights Book & Card
Wllke News
News-Readers
Girord Book & News
The News Shop
T.W. Hogan & Associates
Lakewood International News
Brunner News Agency
Edu-Caterers
Wllke News
Mount Orab Radio Shack
Programs Unlimited
Leo's Book & Wine Shop
Rne Print Books
Merit Micro Software
Sieve's Book Store
IWh Ave, News
Software CI1y
Newborn Enterprises
Larry's Stereo Shop
Personal Software
City Software Center
Newsy
Stevens Radio Shack
All-Pro Souveniers
Pitt Computer & Software
Software Corner
Micro World
The Computer Center of York
Software Connection
Software Haus, Inc.
Gaffney Book Store
Palmetto News Co.
Software City
Fleming's Electronics
Anderson News Co,
Guild Books & Periodicals
Highland Electronics
KnooMlle
Memphis
Nashville
Smyrna
Union City
TEXAS
Elgin
Orange
San Antonio
UTAH
Murray
VIRGINIA
Gafton
Norfolk
Richmond
WASHINGTON
Seattle
Tacoma
WEST VIRGINIA
Huntington
Logan
Madison
Parkersburg
WISCONSIN
Appleton
Cudahy
Ladysmith
Milwaukee
WYOMING
■ Casper
ARGENTINA
Cordoba
AUSTRALIA:
Kingsford
CANADA:
ALBERTA
Banff
Blairmore
Bonnyville
Brooks
Calgary
Claresholm
Drayton Valley
Edmonton
Edson
Fairview
Fox Creek
Ft. Saskatche-
wan
Grande
Cache
Grande
Centre
Hlnton
Innisfail
Leduc
Lethbridge
Lioydminster
Okotoks
Peace River
St. Paul
Stettler
Strathmore
Taber
Anderson News Co.
First Byte Computer Co,
Computer Center
Software, Inc.
Mosko's Book Store
Delker Electronics
Cox Electronics Radio Shack
The Homing Pigeon
Northway Books & News
CoCoNuts
Deseret Book
Electronics Marketing
l-O Computers
Software City
Adams News Co. J nc,
B & I Magazines & Books
Nybbles 'N Bytes
Nick's News
Stan's Electronics & Radio Shack
Communications, LTD
Valley News Service
Westlock
Wetasklwin
Westlock Stereo
Radio Shack
BRITISH COLUMBIA
Badger Periodicals
Cudahy News & Hobby
Electronics, Etc.
Book Tree
Booked Solid
Booked Solid II
Harvey Schwartz Bookshop
Univ. of Wisconsin Bookshop
The Computer Store
informatica Y Telecomunlcaciones
Paris Radio Electronics
Banff Radio Shack
L & K Sports & Music
Paul Tercier
Double "D" A.S.C. Radio Shack
Billy's News
Radio Shack Associated Stores
Langard Electronics
CMD Micro
Kelly Software Distributors
Radio Shack
D.N.R. Furniture & TV
Fox City Color & Sound
A.S.C. Radio Shack
Ft Mall Radio Shack, ASC
The Stereo Hut
The Book Nook
Jim Cooper
L & S Stereo
Radio Shack Associated Stores
Datatron
Lloyd Radio Shack
Okotoks Radio Shack
Radio Shack Associated Stores
Tavener Software
Walter's Electronics
Stettler Radio Shack
Wheatland Electronics
Pynewood Sight & Sound
Burnaby
Compulit
Bums Lake
VT. video Works
Campbell
River
TRS Electronics
Chilliwack
Charles Parker
Coortenay
Rick's Music & Stereo
Dawson Creek
Bell Radio & TV
Golden
Taks Home Furnishings
Langley
Langley Radio Shack
N. Vancouver
Microwest Distributors
Nelson
Oliver s Books
Parksville
Parksville TV
Penticton
DJ. s
Salmon Arm
Matrix Computing
Sidney
Sidney Electronics
Smithers
Walt's Home Furniture
100 Mile
House
Tip Top Raaio & rv
MANITOBA
Altona
LA. Wiebr Ltd.
Lundar
Goranson elec
Moraen
Central Sound
The Pas
Jodi's Sight* Sound
Selkirk
G.L Enns Elec.
Virden
Archer Enterprises
Winnipeg
J & J Electronics Ltd.
NEW BRUNSWICK
Moncton
Jeffries Enterprises
Sussex
Dewitt Elec.
NEWFOUNDLAND
Botwood
Seaport Elec. .
Carbonear
Slade Realties
NOVASCOTIA
Halifax
Atlantic News
ONTARIO
Aurora
Concord
Exceter
Hamilton
Hanover
Huntsville
Kenora
Kingston
Listowel
South River
QUEBEC
LaSaile
Pont. Rouge
SASKATCHEWAN
Asslniboia
Estevan
Moose Jaw
Nipiwan
Regina
Saskatoon
Shellbrooke
Tlsdale
Unity
YUKON
Whltehorse
JAPAN
Tokyo
PUERTO RICO
San Juan
Compu Vision .
Ingram Software
J. Macleane & Sons
Dataman
Modem Appliance Centre
Huntsville Elec.
Donny "B"
T.M. Computers
Modern Appliance Centre
Max TV
Dennis TV
Messageries de Presse Benjamin Enr.
Boutique Bruno Laroche
Telstar News
Kotyk Electronics
D&S Computer Piqce
Cornerstone Sound
Regina CoCo Club
Software Supermarket
Everybody's Software Library
Gee. Laberge Radio Shack
Paul's Service
Grant's House of Sound
H & O Holdings
America Ado, Inc.
il
Software City
Also available at all B. Dalton Booksellers, and selected Coles Bookstores,
Waldenbooks, Pickwick Books, Encore Books, Barnes & Noble, Little
Professors, Tower Book & Records, Kroch's & Brentano's, and Community
Newscenters.
November 1 986 THE RAINBOW 207
AD VER TISER 'S INDEX
We encourage you to patronize our advertisers all of whdm support the
Tandy Color Computer. We will appreciate your mentioning the rainbow when
you contact these firms.
>yi.: I a
After Five Softwares . . . .
72
HJL div. of Touchstone
Ark Royal Games . . .. . ...> .
p h + ■ ■» . 1 3
Technology, Inc. . . . + .
» ... .116
Canyon County Devices i .
112
Hogg, Frank Laboratories .• .
»«.».. 189
Ce r~Com p . . . * . . r *? <
.194, 195
Howard Medical * ^
^ .34,210
Cha II enge r.;;.: * .
144
J & M Systems . . , * 9 * * „ w ,
w m . • » BC
C/i nsof t ■•• »....«« • » .. . * + . .
9 7
J & R Electronics . . , * « . . *
* . . + r 1 39
CNR Engineering. , .
* . ++ *15Q
Johnson, D.P. . . . . >>.y . . .
. . • • • 198
CoCo Trend . * . . . . . * . . . > .
■ ■ .1.1 43
Kelly Software Distributors .
♦ • • « .161
Gognitec ...... • ■ ■ . • « ♦ » » •
. ■ * * « 137
Mark Data Products
w . * . . . 69
Colorware . , ; v . . . . , i
>1,22, 23
Metric Industries.
. . .85, 133
. .100, 101
• -.»•)'* * 176
Computer Center.
■ . t . . ,35
Micro Works, The
Computer Island
. . . 171
Microcom Software ......
* . . 16, 17
Computer Plus + + + <
*. ...... 3
Microtech Consultants Inc. .
>.*.«• 31
Computerware
. . . 39, 41
MicroWorld
+ i * • . 181
Computize, Inc. ... . . . ,: :t . .
.146, 209
Mix, Tom Software . ... . . .
• .... 184
Crockett Software . . . . .
. .... .84
Moreton Bay . .
■ • » [f. . 95
D & A Research , . . . . . .
... * .187
Novasoft * . . . . ♦ . ; .
i . • . • 1 85
Dayton Associates of
Other Guys Software, The .
a . . . V'113
W. R. Hall, Inc. . |
128
Owl^Ware ......t. ...■««:
.89, 90, 91
. 1 22, 1 23
...76, 77
PCM ...........
Derringer Software . . . , * ♦
Perry Computers . . . . . . *>,
» * . • .1 67
Dlecom* . ..•••.*.*..■ ■ ■ ..
. , . . . * I FG
Plan-Net Forms
. 134
CDjStO . • . » . . . • * .'« #'« • . L L * ■ .
l l j j » ,65
Polygon • • . . . .
« . . .. . • 75
Do rsett « •*.•*..*.» » ■ « * + *
. . r r « I BC
Preble's Programs, Dr. . , , .
* m m ■ . . • 1
Duck Productions . .. . . . . .
1 40
Prickly-Pear Software .....
. . . ♦ . 1 57
Federal Hill Software , .
• iif «1 62
PXE Computing .
■ * ... .7
- 1* + 1 <f . 82
Radio Shack ♦ . * •
Rainbow OS-9 Book $ . . . . .
* ..49,51
p . * * * 124
Hard Drive Specialists . . . .
♦ ...» 165
Hawkes Research Services
■ ■ ■ ■ ■ 1 62 - '
Rainbow Binder . . . * .....
+ «<* • .202
;V..-:> ;
Rainbow Bookshelf . . ^^ ... . . .179
Rainbow Gift Subscription ..,..,66
Rainbow On Disk . . .159
Rainbow On Tape .-. * . * ♦ . .172
Robotic Microsystems ... . . imu 138
Rowe Electronic Co., Inc. . .. . . .144
S.D. Roberson ... . . . . v , . . + + . * + 187
Saguaro Software ; .... 147
S E ^\ ....................... ..' . • 73
Selected Software ...... .37
Software House, The ... ... .7. . .135
Spectrogram * + + + ► ..... . 141
Spectrosystems 145
Spectrum Projects Inc.
....105,106,107,109, 110,111
Speech Systems
..... ... . . .56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61
Sugar Software. . 79
Su n rise Software ; . $ 1 42
T & D Software . . . . . . . , . 201
r C E ......... a * ' m ■ » « . . ■ .. ..... .: .... 1 4
. Tepco ....... .'.*-;. .* ... . ... v .l . . v. 68
Thinking Software, Inc. , ....... .24
Tothian Software Inc ....... . .83
True Data Products ... . . . .152, 153
Wasatchware >•-. ... . . 181
Woodstown Electronics . . . . . . . . 143
York 1 0 . ■'. . . « ... »-»".:« . -4r;.= *. « ........ 1 49
Zebra Systems + + . . . .20
208
Call:
Shackleford, Nolan, Davis, Gregg and Associates
Cindy Shackleford, president
Shirley Duranseau
Advertising Representative
12110 Meridian South, Suite 5
P.O. Box 73-578
PuyaJlup, WA 98373-0578
(206) 848-7766
THE RAINBOW November 1986
WA
Calk
Kim Vincent
Advertising Representative
The Faisoft Building
9509 U.S. Highway 42
P.O. Box 385
Prospect, KY 40059
(502) 228-4492
ft):::!::.-
U>::;:::.
Call:
Jack Garland
Garland Associates, Inc
10 Industrial Park Road
Hingham, MA 02043
(617) 749-5852
ALL SOFTWARE
COMPATIBLE
WITH
COCO I & COCO II
COMPUTERS
SUPER BACK-UP
UTILITY ©
...WITH S.B.U. FROM COMPUTIZE —
YOU'LL NEVER NEED ANOTHER BACK-
UP UTILITY FOR YOUR COCO!!!
SUPER BACK-UP UTILITY WILL PER-
FORM ALL OF THE FOLLOWING FUNC-
TIONS:
1. TAPE TO TAPE (Regardless of most protec-
tion schemes!)
2. TAPE TO DISK (Move Cassette programs to
Disk!)
3. AUTO RELOCATE (For those Cassette pro-
grams that conflict with Disk operating
systems.)
4. DISK TO TAPE (Place Disk programs onto
Cassette)
5. DISK TO DISK (Our powerful Split-N-Image
Program, Copies regardless of most protec-
tion schemes!)
» MENU DRIVEN
» REQUIRES 32K EXTENDED COCO
» REQUIRES 1 OR 2 DRIVES
» ALL MACHINE LANGUAGE!!!
COMPARE WITH OTHER INDIVIDUAL
PROGRAMS COSTING IN EXCESS OF
i 100.00
WSK $49.95 Cat. No. 107CD
SPIT-N-IMAGE©
M/L Disk Back-Up Utility
There is no need to suffer the heartbreak of
trashed disks any longer. Spit-N-lmage will
:reate a mirror image of your valuable disk pro-
grams which do not respond to normal back-up
unctions. Will also initialize and back-up in one
)ass. Data processing experts always insist on
laving a back-up — it's good practice.
REQUIRES 32K CC
DISK $34.95 Cat. No. 101CD
TRIPLE TRANSFER
UTILITY
ransfer contents of disk to tape • Transfer con-
mis of tape to disk • Automatically relocates
assette programs that conflict with the disk
perating system • Displays machine language
rogram addresses • Copies ASCII, Basic, &
lachine Language Programs • All contained in
menu driven program!
REQUIRES 32K CC EXT.
)isk $24.95 Cat. No. 105CD
'Y BOX
you have ever owned a H Y" Cable you know
)w easy it is to 'bump* or dislodge the cable
om the computer. With the positive mechanical
•nnection of the "Y Box" chances are greatly
duced of the "V* coming dislodged.
ne of the most common causes of a shorted
ita bus in the CoCo is a misaligned or loose
I"' Cable. Don't let your computer be the next
:tim of a 4, Y" Cable, order the *'Y Box" from
DMPUTIZE.
NOISE FREE "GOLD CONTACT" TO
YOUR COMPUTER
POSITIVE MECHANICAL AND ELEC-
TRICAL CONNECTION
Catalog No. 162CH Only $29.95
MASTER KEY II
;w Improved Version! A hardware product that
Ices control of any program regardless of protec-
m. Now use with RS Multi-pak, "Y" cable or
tlonal extender cable. Captures register coniants
they were when Master Key II was engaged.
)mpiete disassembler, memory save, and much
are. Requires some familiarity with Assembly
inguage.
)M PAK Cat. No. 160HR $ 99.95
t. No. 161HR Willi Ext. Cable $109.95
VISA
(215) 946-7260 P.O. BOX 207 • LANGHORNE, PA 19047
Check or M.O. • Add $3.00 shipping • PA residents add 6% sales tax
MasterCard
★ ★★★★★★ THE LATEST IN COCO NEWS!!! *******
• Supports 4 Hi-Res display modes
• 4 page animation mode
• Color Palette with over 15 color patterns for use
with Hi-Res artifact
• Send/Receive pictures over modem
• Supplied utility allows capturing Hi-Res screens
from most COCO arcade games
• Multiple Hi-Res character fonts (user re-
definable)
• Supplied utility for transferring Graph icom
screens to Basic or other M/L programs.
• Supplied utility for loading screens from Basic
or other sources
• Built in Hi-Res SCREEN PRINT (compatible
with EPSON, C-ITOH, GEMINI-10, OKI, plus
Radio Shack's LP-VII, LP-V1II, DM P- 100,
DMP-200, and GCP-115 printers) from 110 to
9600 baud
• SEND/RECEIVE slow-scan television
• Many additional features, operating hints, hard-
ware mod's and suggestions, etc.
REQUIRES 64K COCO, 1 DISK DRIVE, AND 2
ANALOG JOYSTICKS
QUICK BACKUP
UTILITY $19.95
Catalog No 185CD
Deluxe backup utility for the Radio Shack Color
Computer.
• Backup a disk in as few as 32 seconds (in three
passes)
• Format and backup a full disk in one minute
• Full error correcting features (retry, skip, in-
finite retry)
Displays the current track that is being processed,
works with all ROM versions. Supports 1 or 2 disk
drive. A great disk production tool.
GRAPHICOM $24.95
Catalog No 1UGD
Simply stated • One of the finest graphic programs
written for the Color Computer]
FEATURES:
• S U P E R U-S-E-R F-R-I-E-N-D-L-Y !
Announcing COLORSCAN, new software for the CGP-220. This program is a must for
anyone who owns a Radio Shack Ink Jet Printer, and enjoys creating graphics with
Graphicom, Graphicom Part 11, CoCo MAX, or any program that produces a standard
6K binnary picture files.
This program contains some of the popular features found in "HARDCOPY" such as
lxl, 2x2 and posters; but color scan produce full color printouts of your favorite 6K
graphics files. You can also create colorful banners up to 27' in length, or dump a disk's
entire graphic contents to paper.
Colorscan will print program listings in blazing color, make remarks in red, line numbers
green, search for strings and print in blue, etc. All these features and more.
Colorscan catalog number 184WD $29.95
GRAPHICOM PART II
Catalog No. 132WD . $24.95
GRAPHICOM PART II DOES NOT
REQUIRE GRAPHICOM TO RUN!
I T H U:l .0
Graphicom Part II is a video processing
package that provides many functions
that are missing in Graphicom. Here are
just a few of the features provided by
Graphicom Part II:
ENLARGE/REDUCE/ROTATE
Enlarge or reduce any portion of a graphic
screen, just like a photographic enlarger!
Rotate by any degree or fraction of a
degree around any point on the screen.
PAINT
Paint or "fill-in" any irregular area on ihe
screen! More than 50 different colored
patterns available. Additional paint pat-
terns may be user-defined.
PAN & ZOOM
"Zoom in" x2, x4, or x8 on any portion
of the screen to do fine pixel work. Allows
editing of Graphicom character sets with
ease!
TYPESETTER & FONT EDITOR
Add text in 16 different sizes, also sup-
ports user definable foreground &
background colors. Design & Edit
characters for use in the typesetter.
PIXEL BLASTER
Allows the user to easily substitute or
remove colors. Widen lines, swap BLUE
& RED without effecting BLACK &
WHITE, etc.
Graphicom Part II requires a 64K extend-
ed disk basic system, and supports 1 to 4
disk drives, keyboard or joystick (analog
or switch type) input. It will load and save
both Standard BIN files and Graphicom
screens. All functions support color or Hi-
Res operation, as wen as the 4 screen
display modes.
OUR
GRAPHICOM
DIGITIZER
JUST GOT BETTER
SEE PAGE 146
ARE YOU LOOKING
FOR A HI-RES GRAPHIC
SCREEN PRINT
PROGRAM?
THE ULTIMATE PRINTER UTILITY
©1984 W MITES m I T H U: l.G
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
HARDCOPY - Hardcopy is more
than just a screen print utility, compare
these features with any other graphic
dump program on the market;
• Full GRAPHICOM/GRAPHICOM
PART II compatibility! Loads STAN-
DARD 6K images, GRAPHICOM
pictures, and COCO MAX pictures
too!
• BLACK & WHITE or GREY SCALE
printing. In GREY SCALE printing,
colors are printed as user definable
patterns. Supports hi-res in all 4
GRAPHICOM display modes!
• Ix, 2x, 3x PRINTOUTS - Three menu
options are reserved for the most fre-
quently used printout sizes; lx
(quarter page), 2x (half page), and 3x
(full page).
• GRAPHIC LABELS - The label prin-
ting option allows the user to create
custom mailing or disk labels with
professional looking results.
• GREETING CARDS - The greeting
card option allows the user to custom
design greeting cards using both text
and graphics.
• GIANT POSTERS - The poster op-
tion provides the user with a means of
reproducing a hi-res graphic to a
multi-sheet poster.
• SPECIAL EFFECTS ■ The special ef-
fects option allows the user to directly
control the printing directives; ROTA-
TION, X/Y SIZE, X/Y FLIP, X/Y
GRID, X/Y FILL, TAB, WINDOW,
POS/NEG IMAGE, and more!
• USER CALL - Have an application
that HARDCOPY doesn't quite
match? HARDCOPY routines can be
added to EXTENDED BASIC
through the USR command!
HARDCOPY* requires a 64K Color
Computer or Color Computer II, and at
least one disk drive. It supports 1 to 4 disk
drives, keyboard or joystick input. Please
specify printer and cat. number when
ordering.
• Due to hardware differences, some
features may function differently on cer-
tain printers.
IDS 480/560-G Cat. No. I70WD
Oki 82A (Okigraph) Cat. No. 179WD
Okidata 92 Cat. No. 171 WD
Gemini 10X Cat. No. 174WD
Gemini SG-10/15 Cat. No. I78WD
DMP-105 Cat. No. 183WD
Epson LX-80 Cat. No. 173 WD
Epson MX-80 Cat. No. 172 WD
Epson RX-80 Cat. No. 173WD
Epson FX-80 Cat. No. 1 73 WD
Riteman PLUS Cat. No. 177WD
DMP-110 Cat. No. 180WD
DM P- 1 20 Cat. No. 176 WD
DMP-130 Cat. No. 182WD
DMP-200 Cat. No. 175WD
CGP-220 Cat. No. 181 WD
HARDCOPY PRINT
UTILITY $29.95
Howard Medical Computers
(800) 443-1444
ORDERS
PRINTER
NEW
Dual Mode
EPSON LX-80
The LX-80 QfferK draft or near letter quality plus a 1K Input buffer for much
faster graphics printing speed LX-P package includes the LX~80, a Botek serial
to parallel converter, and a Howard Printer Tutorial
$Q-|7 ($7 shipping)
Add $29.50 for tractor ET-1
STAR
NX-10
le
NX 10 is the latest generation of printers and offers built-in back tractor
feed giving forward and backward movement of paper plus exceptional graphics
printing capabilities. NX-P package includes the NX-10, a Botek serial to parallel
converter and file Howard Printer Tutorial.
($7 shipping)
MONITOR
123A 12"
This 12" green screen high resolution mon-
itor offers 80 column capability, Zenith quali-
ty and a 30 day warranty valid at any of
Zenith's 1200 locations.
Retail $149 50 RtPACK
Our price
($7 shipping)
122A Zenith 12" Amber Screen of-
fers the same 640 dots x 200 dots
resolution at 15MHz as the 123A
and a 90 day warranty valid at our
1200 locations. <RO O
($7 shipping) O O
Closeput Specials — only 14 in
stock. We have a limited number of
lesser known color monitors that
have been discontinued but are
brand new in their 1ft
original boxes. w J 3/
($14 shipping)
141 Roland 13" Color Monitor with
speaker, 270 dots x 200 dots
resolution, 4 MHz
131 Zenith 13" Color Monitor has
medium resolution with speaker
and RGB jack. <& 4 f>
($14 shipping) lOO
All monitors require an amplifier
circuit to drive the monitor and are
mounted inside the color computer,
They attach with spring connectors,
with two wires extending out of the
computer, one for audio and one for
video.
VA-1 for monochrome
monitors only* fits ail
color computers
($2 shpg)^24*^
VC-4 for monochrome
or color, fits all color
computers
($2 shpg)$39^
(312) 278-1440
INQUIRIES AND ORDER STATUS
DISK CONTROLLERS
CP
DC-3
ADD-ON
DC-38 Includes 80 column capaci-
ty, parallel printer, real lime clock,
and all software $138
DC-256 2S6K RAM Board Includes
software to access all RAM S*f 25
DC-3P Mini EPROM Programmer
includes all software to
program 2764 or 27128 *55
DC512 512K RAM Board $165
Includes controller and
C-DOS ROM chip.
$ 98 ($2 shipping)
BOARDS
RS-1 Radio Shack's 1-1 ROM
based operating system $2Q
DD-2 Double sided 360K disk drive
with Va height case $ . flfl
and power supply 5 1 88
CA-1 Cable to connect controller to
one drive $2450
CA-2 Two drive cable $2950
EMOR
84*E1 fof E Boards with complete
Instructions, Remove pid chips end
replace with preassembled pack*
age— >no soldering AK
or tmeg cut6t(f2 shpo) *2o» 45
04*1*1 for f= Boards. No soldering
needed, Capacitor 50A45
leads mm be cut. ($a < h J« ,
64-2 for COCO 2. Kit requires one
solder point, no m M AK
trace cuts, ($2 shipping)* Z4 4D
04-22 TWO chip tat tor 26-3134A
and B, 26'3136A and B. Keren Col-
or Computers require tllliw
1 sower point *2a H9
($2 shipping)
■
SOFTWARE SPECIALS
PAYROL/BAS™
Written In nonprotected basic for the color computer. This easy-to-use package
of programs will simplify and decrease the time spent doing payroll. Rainbow
May 1986 review says, "Elegant and professional." State and federal tables
are already included. Send tor FREE 11 page reports guide. S*7Q95
VIP LIBRARY
Softlaw's integrated package includes VIP writer terminal, data base, call and
disk zap which can fix a diskette that is giving i/O errors C4 Ar
SAP-II BPA-1
Stock analysis program organizes
your portfolio and gives specific
sell and stop- ^ j AQ r
loss points. *
Chart your blood pressure from daiiy
readings taken in the comfort of
your home $.jg95
Howard Medical's 30-day guarantee Is meant to eliminate the uncertainty of
dealing with a company through the mail. Once you receive our hardware, try
it out; test it for compatabiiity. If you're not happy with it for any reason, return
It in 30 days and we'll give you your money back, (less shipping).
Howard Medical Computers 1690 N. Elston Chicago, IL 6062
ORDERS
(800) 443-1444
INQUIRIES AND ORDER STATUS
(312) 278-1440
Showroom Hours:
8:00-4:00 MonrFri.
10:00-3:00 Sat.
WE ACCEPT: VISA • MASTERCARD • AMERICAN EXPRESS
C.O.D. OR CHECKS • SCHOOL RQ.'S
. COMPUTER AIDED INSTRUCTION
. Educational Programs for Students Grade K-12 and Adult Self Studies
EW PROGRAMS FOR YOUR TANDY 1000
AND TRS-80 COLOR COMPUTER
Compatible with Apple - Atari - Commodore - TRS 80 I, III, 4 - IBM PC Jr.
32 Programs on Disk Available for TRS 80 Color Computer
♦
• NEW! VIDEO CASSETTES FOR VHS! ^JWfew
InnerActive™ Video Tutorials
Complete with audio narration , 'Wtlk
4 caasetles with 8 programs in each of the j| EjU
loltowing subject areas: M r\F
• Basic Spanish Grammar ^41 1 y Q ' k^^^^
• B&sic Algebra ^
• Reading by Phonic * W I W Der/tape W It
• Basic FracliOnfi ^
2 programs per tape. Running time: 45 minutes per tape. r m A
95
per/tape
16 Programs on 8 VHS Tapes $159'
syllable adjectives
id in U usually just add
'I
Which has
You nay be able to
reduce your taxes by
- income
averag ing
- income
splitt ing
- tax i I- tor
Uhich?
O sister
One-sy'l IfttllG- adjectives that
end in Lj usually just add | LJ
M IS
Uhich has one syllable?
I 9
Interactive Tutorial Programs for Home or Classroom Use
Over 1000 programs for your selection with 32 now available on disk for the Color
Computer and 500 now available for the Tandy 1000.
"We're Your Educational
Software Source"
Subject No. of Programs
Reading Development 256 (4 on disk)
Reading Comprehension 48 (4 on disk)
Mathematics 128
Algebra 16 (16 on disk)
History 32 (4 on disk)
Spelling 16
Government 16
Physics i 16 (4 on disk)
16 Programs in each
of the following:
Children's Tales - Carpentry - Electronics
Health Services - Office Skills - Statistic^
First Aid/Safety - Economics - Business
Accounting -Psychology -MUCH MORE!
Send for our free catalog of over 1GfJ0 Dorsett educa-
tional programs for Atari, TRS 80, Apple, IBM PG Jr .
Conimudwe, Tandy lGtirj. 91c.
Apple II, TRS 80 I, III, & 4, and
Commodore 64 computers require
respective conversion kits (plug-in board
and stereo cassette player), $99.00. Atari
400/600/800/1200 computers require the
Atari cassette recorder and the Dorsett
4001 Educational Master Cartridge,
$9.95. For the IBM PC Jr. a cassette
adapter cable and a good cassette
recorder are required. The Tandy 1000
requires the Dorsett M1001 speaker/PC
board kit, $69.00, and a standard
cassette recorder. A Radio Shack
CCR-81 orCCR-82 is recommended.
CASSETTES: $59.90 for an album con-
taining a 16-program course (8 cassettes
with 2 programs each); $8.80 for a
2-program cassette.
DISKS: $14.95 for a one-program disk;
$28.95 for two disks; $48.95 for four
disks. All disks come in a vinyl album.
Dorsett Educational Software features:
» Interactive Learning
• User Friendly
• Multiple Choice and Typed
• Program Advance with Correct Response
• Full-time audio narration (Cassette
Programs Only)
• Self-Paced Study .
• High Resolution Graphics
» Easy Reading Text
For more information, or to order call:
TOLL FREE 1-800-654-3871
IN OKLAHOMA CALL (405) 288-2301
VtSA*
MasterCard
V
r^) DORSETT
Wmmm^ Educational Systems, Inc.
Box 1226, Norman, OK 73070
4
LOWEST CONTROLLER PRICE EVER!
The New JFD-EC, Only $75
JFD-EC DISK CONTROLLER
The JFD-EConomical controller combines the best
<p. - features of the
original JFD-COCO
with the two
switchable ROM
sockets, fully
buffered data lines,
and Memory Minder
in ROM. The JFD-
EC replaces the JFD-
COCO in our
product line at an
even lower price. The controller
includes JDOS, Memory Minder in ROM, and the
JDOS manual.
JFD-EC Disk Controller with JDOS $75
4 1
0 I
JFD-CP DISK CONTROLLER
Our new JFD-CP, compatible with both the orginal
COCO and the COCO 2, features a parallel port to
support a
Centronics
compatible
printer or our
hard drive,
and an
external ROM
switch, which
allows you to
select JDOS or
an optional RS
DOS- type ROM. It comes in
a case and includes JDOS 1 .2 and manual. JDOS
implements all RS DOS commands, plus many
more, including auto line numbering, error
trapping, baud rate selection, OS/9* boot from
floppy or hard drive, and Memory Minder**, our
disk drive analysis program (Precision Alignment
Disk not included).
JFD-CP Disk Controller with JDOS $ 139
DRIVE SYSTEMS
Upgrade your Color Computer by adding our new
JFD-CP disk controller, supercharged with JDOS 1.2
operating
system, and a
top quality
drive with case
and power
I supply. Comes
complete with
cable and JDOS
manual.
minder |
Drive 0 System with" one double side drive $299
Drive 0, 1 System with two double side drives $449
MEMOkY MINDER**
Memory Minder
is a disk drive
test program now
included in
JDOS. Used
with a
Precision
. Alignment
Disk,
Memory
Minder allows
you to check
your drives for speed,
alignment, sensitivity, hysteresis,
and more! You can actually align or adjust the drives
while viewing the graphics on the screen. No special
equipment needed!
PRECISION ALIGNMENT DISKS (From Dysan)
PAD-40X1: Tests single side disk drives $26
PAD-40X2: Tests double/single disk drives $33
<
Memory Minder is available on diskette for those
who don't own a JFD-CP or JFD-EC Controller with
JDOS. Includes Precision Alignment disk.
Memory Minder: single side package
Memory Minder: single/ double side package
*OS/9 is a registered trademark of Microware, Inc.
** Memory Minder is a registered trademark of J&lM Systems, Ltd.
$59
$75
NEW TERMS
One-year warranty on parts &. labor; 30-day money
back guarantee (except shipping) if not totally
satisfied. Items must be returned in like new
condition.
Free shipping via UPS in continental United States
for payment by VISA, MasterCard, or cashiers check.
COD requires 10% prepayment by bank card plus
3% shipping. Blue Label and foreign shipping extra.
i//A
J &M SYSTEMS, LTD
1 51 GO-A CENTRAL SE
ALBUQUERQUE. NEW MEXICO 871 23
505/292-4182
