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Jill MM I
/* Canada $4.95 U.S. $3.95
V
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CHOOL
l44254 H 00001
i \-i 1 1— i- r -.f
RAM
SACK CHAIRS
FOR
AND
SITTING
POSTURE
The Back Chair distributes your weight
between back and legs, reduces strain on
your back, helps prevent lower backache
Conventional Chair
Sitting in a conventional chair
causes you to slump, sending
body weight downward toward
your lower back. Over a period
of time, this can cause pain.
Style B
The Swivel Back Chair
The added swivel feature makes
this model ideal for office use.
The Back Chair
The Scientifically-designed Back
Chair allows you to sit comfor-
tably, spine and back muscles
perfectly aligned, body weight
shared by back and legs.
ADJUSTABLE
360° ROTATION
METAL CONSTRUCTION
CASTERS
HEAVY-DUTY
| m
Style A
The Adjustable Back
Chair
Adjusts to 3 different positions
for comfortable sitting at
virtually any desk or table.
4 casters allow you to move
effortlessly from place to place.
• CASTERS • ADJUSTABLE •'S6LIDWOOD
• FOLDS FOR STORAGE
BROWN VELOR CUSHIONS
SEND CK TO RAM
8306 WILSfflRE BLVD., SUITE 10
BEVERLY HILLS, CA 90211
Style Qty Amt
ups
B
Name:
Address:
Add$9ea.
for delivery
Total Enc.$
TeL#
30 DAY MONEY BACK GUARANTEE.
From Computer Plus to YO
^^^l^^^^^^^^ bsssssssssse' ^^^^^^^^^^^^ ^^^1^^^^^^^
after
PLUS
after
BIG SAVINGS ON A FULL COMPLEMENT OF RADIO SHACK COMPUTER PRODUCTS
COMPUTERS
Tandy 1000 1 Drive 128K 685.00
Tandy 1200 10 Meg. 256K 1599.00
Tandy 30001 Drive 51 2K 1969.00
Mode! IVD 64K with Deskmate 889.00
PRINTERS
Radio Shack DMP-105 80 CPS 160.00
Radio Shack DMP-130 100 CPS 269.00
Radio Shack DMP-430 1 80 CPS 559.00
RadioShackDWP-220DaisyWheel 359.00
SilverReedEXP-SOOPDaisyWheel 229.00
Star NX-10 120 CPS 279.00
Star SG-15 120 CPS 410.00
Panasonic P-1091 120 CPS 259.00
Panasonic P-1092 180 CPS 339.00
Okidata 292 200 CPS 529.00
Okidata192160CPS 375.00
Epson LX-80 100 CPS 275.00
Epson FX-85 160 CPS 419.00
MODEMS
Radio Shack DCM-3 Modem 52.00
Radio Shack DC Modem
Program Pac 79.00
Radio Shack DC Modem 2212 315.00
Hayes 300 Baud Modem 1 69,00
COLOR COMPUTER MISC.
Radio Shack Drive Controller 139.00
Extended Basic Rom Kit 39.95
64K Ram Upgrade Kit 39.00
Radio Shack Deluxe Keyboard Kit 24.95
HJL Keyboard Upgrade Kit 79.95
COCO Max Y Cable 27.95
Color Computer Mouse 44.00
Multi Pack Interface 89.00
Botek Serial to Parallel Conv. 69.95
Radio Shack CCR-81 Recorder 52.00
Radio Shack Deluxe Joystick 26.95
Amdek Video 300 Green Monitor 139.00
Amdek Video 300 Amber Monitor 149.00
Goldstar Green Monitor 85.00
Goldstar Amber Monitor 85.00
Radio Shack VM-4 Green Monitor 99.00
Mark Data Universal Video Driver 29.95
COLOR COMPUTER SOFTWARE
TAPE DISK
Approach Control Simul. 29.95 34.95
Worlds Of Flight 29.95 32.95
Mustang P-51 Flight Simul. 29.95 34.95
Spectral Typing Tutor 19.95 22.95
Dungeon Quest 24.95 27.95
Major Istar 24.95 27.95
Sam Sleuth Private Eye 24.95 27.95
Mark Data Graphic Adven. 24.95 27.95
COCO Util II by Mark Data 39.95
COCO Max by Colorware 69.95
COCO Max II by Colorware 79.95
AutoTermbyPXEComputing39.95 49.95
TelePatch by Spectrum 19.95
TeleWriter 64 49.95 59.95
Deft Pascal Workbench 89.95
Deft Extra 39.95
Pro Color File Enhanced 2.0 59.95
Max Edit by Derringer 19.95
Elite Calc 69.95 69.95
Elite Word 69.95 69.95
Elite File (disk only) 74.50
DynaCalc (disk only) 99.95
Word Pack RS by PBJ 99.00
VIP Writer (tape & disk) 69.95
VIP Integrated Library (disk) 149.95
Order any 2 software pieces listed
and take 10% off their listed price.
All Radio Shack software 10% off list.
Send for complete list.
CALL TOLL FREE
1-800-343-8124
• LOWEST POSSIBLE PRICES
• BEST POSSIBLE WARRANTY
• KNOWLEDGEABLE SALES STAFF
• TIMELY DELIVERY
• SHOPPING CONVENIENCE
P.O. Box 1094
480 King Street
Littleton, MA 01460
SINCE 1973
IN MASSACHUSETTS CALL (617) 486-3193
TRS-80 is a registered trademark of Tandy Corp.
Under
The
33
49
88
Cover illustration copyright © 1986
by Fred Crawford
r^-i The small cassette tape
symbols beside features
and regular columns indicate that
the program listings with those
articles are on this month's RAIN-
BOW on tape, ready to CLGflD and
RUN. For full details, check our
rainbow on tape ad on Page 147.
FEATURES
CoCo Better Agaln/Lonn/e Falk
COMMENTARY Impressions of the new Color Computer 3
A Whole Lot More/Greg Zumwalt
TUTORIAL A look at the windowing on the CoCo 3
A Programmer's Dream/Steve Bjork
COMMENTARY More on CoCo 3
What's Analog RGB?/£d Ellers
TUTORIAL A look at the CoCo 3's analog RGB monitor
New Commands on CoCo 3
PRESS CONFERENCE NOTES More power for the Color Computer
CoCo 3 Is Born
PICTORIAL First-hand reports from New York
Save the Astronauts/flene Camirand
GAME It takes a bold captain to make a daring space rescue
jgH Rational Thinking/Ke/ran Kenny
MATH TUTOR Converting fractions to ratios and percentages
Electronic Marquee/Ke/ran Kenny
GRAPHICS A bold way to display your message
The Teacher's PeX/Ron Powers
ORGANIZATION Lighten the work load with this handy program
Rattle Rattle Thunder Clatter//tf/cA?ae/ B. Kromeke
S I M U L AT I O N Discover the inner workings of your ailing car
sl Chronologist in CoCoLand/Denn/s Norton
E DU CATION A clever aid for teaching time concepts
I Before E Except After C/Donald Turowski.
SPELLING TUTOR Recognize misspellings and develop word skills
Graph-O-Matic/Jetf Harper.
3-D GRAPHICS A fast way to plot 3-D functions with the CoCo
[si Your Face or Mine?/M/7ce Rigsby
E D U CAT I O N This delightful program teaches facial features
Scrambled P\x/lra Goldwyn
GAME These perplexing picture puzzles are tougher than you think
S Wrlter-Zap//an Millard
DISK UTILITY A modification for VIP Writer
Hail To The Chief/f cfwarc/ 7. White
H I STO R Y Learning fun with presiden tial facts
CoCo Testmaker Revisited/Ron Powers
ORGANIZATION An update of the matching test section
Video Output Board/7/m Mcintosh
HARDWARE PROJECT A neat project for do-it-yourselfers
CoCo Mouse/Sieve Bjork
MOUSE UTILITY The final installment of the point-and-pick interface
18
20
26
26
29
30
33
38
41
47
49
58
78
82
88
108
116
153
160
171
180
NEXT MONTH: The crisp, vibrant colors of autumn find their way onto the pages
of the rainbow in October's Graphics issue. Nature's dazzling display is reflected in
our many interesting and colorful programs sure to delight even the most discerning
art critic. On your tour, be sure to stop by the "CoCo Gallery" and check out works
by the newest artists. And don't forget our many games, columns, applications and
tutorials just for your CoCo.
Get in on the harvest of good things — get the rainbow, the number one information
source for the Color Computer!
COLUMNS
SI BASIC Training/ Joseph Kolar
Using inverse characters
Building September's Rainbow/ Jim Reed.
Managing Editor's comments
CoCo Consultations/Marty Goodman
Remedies from the Co Co clinic
165
16
Delphi Bureau/Cray Augsburg
Workspace, uploading and Marty Goodman's database report
(HI Education Notes/Steve Blyn
178
172
Word puzzles for spelling and vocabulary
Education Overview/M/cA?ae/ P/og, Ph.D
Tandy grants and the status of educational computers
PRINT#-2,/ Lawrence C. Falk
Editor's notes
74
76
12
Turn of the Screw/ Tony DiStefano
A look at the Co Co 2B
S Wishing Well/Fred B. Scerbo
125
98
Updating the Color Change Quiz
RAINBOWTECH
Accessible Applications/ Richard White
Reviewing Pen Pal applications
Barden's Buffer/ William Barden, Jr
The adventure of the too many printers
Downloads/Dan Downard
Answers to your technical questions
KISSable OS-9/Da/e L Puckett
Hard disk makes Co Co OS-9 fun
DEPARTMENTS
Advertiser Index
188
193
186
200
Back Issue Information
CoCo Cat
208
139
_31
One-Liner Contest
Information
Rainbow Info
CoCo Gallery
Corrections—
122
_77
The Crossword Creator
Contest
Received & Certified
Submitting Material
to Rainbow
Letters to Rainbow
The Pipeline
182
__6
Subscription Information
These Fine Stores
146
_15
131
163
166
206
104
PRODUCT REVIEWS
Product Review Contents.
129
September 1986
Vol. VI No. 2
Editor and Publisher
Lawrence C. Falk
Managing Editor James E. Reed
Senior Editor Tamara Renee Dunn
Submissions Editor Jutta Kapfhammer
Copy Editor Jo Anna Wittman Arnott
Reviews Editor Judi Hutchinson
Editorial Assistants Judy Brashear,
Wendy Falk, Jody Gilbert,
Angela Kapfhammer, Shirley Morgan
Technical Editor Dan Downard
Technical Assistants Cray Augsburg,
Chris Wehner
Contributing Editors William Barden, Jr.,
Steve Blyn, Tony DiStefano, Joseph Kolar,
Michael Plog, Dale Puckett, Fred Scerbo,
Richard White
Consulting Editors Ed Ellers,
Danny Humphress, Belinda C. Kirby,
T. Kevin Nickols
Art Director Jerry McKiernan
Production Coordinator Cynthia L Jett
Designers Judy Colgate, Tracey Jones,
Heidi Maxedon, Kevin Quiggins,
Sandra Underwood
Chief of Typography Debbie Hartley
Typography Services Jody Doyle,
Suzanne Benish Kurowsky
Falsoft, Inc.
President Lawrence C. Falk
General Manager Patricia H. Hirsch
Asst. General Mgr. for Finance Donna Shuck
Admin. Asst. to the Publisher Sue E. Rodgers
Editorial Director James E. Reed
Asst. Editorial Director Jutta Kapfhammer
Creative Director Jerry McKiernan
Chief Bookkeeper Diane Moore
Advertising Accounts Beverly Taylor
Dealer Accounts Judy Quashnock
Accounts Payable/ADP Lisa Ragan
Fulfillment Services Director Bonnie Frowenfeld
Fulfillment Services Asst. Dir. Sandy Apple
Asst. Customer Service Mgr. Beverly Bearden
Word Processor Manager Patricia Eaton
Development Coordinator Ira Barsky
Chief of Printing Services Melba Smith
Pre-press Production John Pike
Dispatch Janice Eastburn
Asst. Dispatch Mark Herndon
Business Assistants Laurie Falk, Sharon Smith,
Monica Wheat, Pam Workhoven
Advertising Coordinator Doris Taylor
Advertising Representative Kim Vincent
Advertising Assistant Debbie Baxter
(502) 228-4492
West Coast Advertising and Marketing Office
Director Cindy J. Shackleford
Advertising Representative Shirley Duranseau
For RAINBOW Advertising and
Marketing Office Information, see Page 208
THE RAINBOW is published every month of the year by FALSOFT, Inc., The Falsoft Building, 9509 U.S. Highway 42, P.O. Box 385, Prospect, KY 40059, phone (502)
228-4492. the rainbow, RAINBOWfest and THE rainbow and RAINBOWfest logotypes are registered ® trademarks of FALSOFT, Inc. • Second class postage paid Prospect,
KY and additional offices. USPS N. 705-050 (ISSN No. 0746-4797). POSTMASTER: Send address changes to THE RAINBOW, P.O. Box 385, Prospect, KY 40059. Forwarding
Postage Guaranteed. Authorized as second class postage paid from Hamilton, Ontario by Canada Post, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. • Entire contents copyright © by
FALSOFT, Inc., 1986. THE rainbow is intended for the private use and pleasure of its subscribers and purchasers and reproduction by any means is prohibited. Use
of information herein is for the single end use of purchasers and any other use is expressly prohibited. All programs herein are distributed in an "as is" basis, without
warranty of any kind whatsoever. • Tandy, Color basic, Extended Color basic and Program Pak are registered • trademarks of the Tandy Corp. CompuServe is a registered
® trademark of CompuServe Inc. • Subscriptions to the rainbow are $31 per year in the United States. Canadian rates are U.S. $38. Surface mail to other countries
is U.S. $68, air mail U.S. $103. All subscriptions begin with next available issue. • Limited back issues are available. Please see notice for issues that are in print and
their costs. Payment accepted by VISA, MasterCard, American Express, cash, check or money order in U.S. currency only. Full refund after mailing of one issue. A
refund of 10/1 2ths the subscription amount after two issues are mailed. No refund after mailing of three or more magazines.
LETTERS TO THE U/k
Wild Blue Yonder
Editor:
My full-time occupation is music teacher
in a public middle school. In addition, I stay
after school to supervise a computer/ avia-
tion club. We use the Color Computer to
learn basic flight theory and to model
aircraft behavior, with Worlds of Flight, F~
16, P-51 and Flight Simulator to teach the
basics of approach and landing. Approach
Control is used when we discuss air traffic
control to show the other side of the coin.
This club evolved from the interest that the
students had in my involvement in learning
to fly and seeing me work with the Tom Mix
simulator. It became a great challenge to my
students. Seeing their interest sparked me to
get my Basic Ground Instructor Certifica-
tion.
Mike Kello
Nesquehoning, PA
BACK TALK
Editor:
Just when I was about to give up on
practical application programming because
of negative responses to Cash vs. Financing
(March 1986, Page 71), a letter came restor-
ing my self-confidence. Thanks to rainbow
readers like Steve Lente I'm again active and
willing to branch out into unfamiliar areas.
Like he says, if I don't branch out, life will
get awfully boring, and I might overlook an
area where I could eventually excel.
Bill Bernico
Sheboygan, Wl
Cadprint on the DMP-105
Editor:
I would like to respond to a letter by R. W.
Harper [June 1986, Page 8] about a problem
getting the Cadprint modification program
(February 1986, Page 103) to work on the
DMP-105 printer. Here are the changes
needed for proper operation:
40 POKE150.1B: '2400 BAUD
6 THE RAINBOW September 1986
60 FQRPG=0TO2
80 LOfiDM-PRT . PG"+RIGHT$ ( 5TR$ ( PG
+3),1),&H4200
90 L0GDM"PRT.PG"+RIGHT$(5TR$(PG
+G),l),&H5fl00
110 KILL~PRT„PG"+RIGHT$(STR$(PG) ,
1 ) : KILL"PRT.PG"+RIGHT$ ( 5TR$ ( P
G+3) ,1) :KILL"PRT.PG"+RIGHT$(S
TR$(PG+6),1):NEXTPG
The original program loaded pages 0, 1,
2 then 3, 4, 5 then 6, 7, 8 for printout which
made the picture come out all wrong. With
these changes, the program loads pages 0, 3,
6, then 1, 4, 7 and finally 2 5 5, 8 for proper
printout.
Has anybody figured out how to get
DeskMate for OS-9 to work at 2400 Baud?
The DMP-105 only works at 600 or 2400
Baud rates. It is a hassle to change the DIP
switch on the printer every time I want to
use DeskMate to write a letter.
I can be reached at 12950 El Rio Road,
92392.
E. C. Blend, Jr.
Victorville, CA
HINTS AND TIPS
Editor:
Here's a quick change for those who have
Co Co Max and want to use their Hi-Res
Output Module with Co Co Cad, featured on
Page 130 of the October 1985 issue. Maybe
others are tired of unplugging and replug-
ging their mouse too. Change Line 20 and
add Line 25 as follows.
20 PQR=PEEI< ( &HFF90 ) : Y=PEEK(&HFF91
) : X=PEEI< ( &HFF92 ) : P=PEEI< ( &HFF93
):IF*X<3 THEN X=3 ELSE IF X>252
THEN X=252
25 IF P<50 THEN P=3
If anyone knows of a screen dump for the
Okidata Microline 92, please drop me a line.
It would be greatly appreciated. My address
is 5522 West John Cabot Road, 85308.
Tim Fadden
Glendale, AZ
See "Putting The Okidata ML92
To Work*' by Joseph Kohn on
Page 89 of the May 1985 issue.
The CoCo Max Connection
Editor:
A short time after getting CoCo Max, I
wished I could take the basic program I
spent so much time drawing using basic
commands, and put that picture into CoCo
Max to improve and rearrange it. Here is the
procedure I developed that enables me to do
it.
Run the basic program, and when it's
completely drawn on the screen press the
BREAK key. Type in uppercase letters the
name of the program only (dark-colored
letters) 5fiVEM"Nfif1E/EXT",&HE00,
&H25FF,&HE00. This saves the screen to
disk.
For CoCo Max use the extension MAX;
for Graphicom use the extension BIN. Then
run CoCo Max or Graphicom and load in
your newly saved screen. Do what you want
with it and resave it to disk. Questions can
be directed to me at 39 Haven Avenue,
01013. Enclose an SASE please.
James R. Demers
Chicopee, MA
«6
Are You There?
Editor:
Information as to whether or not the
printer is on (assuming your printer sends a
busy signal when not ready) is contained in
memory location 65314. The value in this
location is five when printer is not ready and
four (usually) when ready.
I have designed this subroutine to incor-
porate in my programs using the printer:
10 CL5
20 IFPEEK(G5314)O5THEN50
30 PRINT00 , "PRINTER 15 NOT READY"
40 GOTD10
50 RETURN
This subroutine can be used instead of the
usual instruction to "get the printer ready."
Jules E. Lafrance
Nepean, Ontario
YOU COULD FALL IN LOVE WITH
AUTOTERM !
TURNS YOUR COLOR COMPUTER INTO THE
<
WORLD'S
SMARTEST
TERMINAL
GOOD
LOOKIN'
AUTOTERM shows true upper/
lower case in screen widths of 32,
40, 42, 51, or 64 characters with
no split words. The width of 32
has extra large letters. Scrolling is
forward, backward, and fast. Block
graphics pictures are displayed
automatically and can be scrolled.
The screen's top line shows
operating mode, unused memory
size, memory on/off, and caps-
lock on/off. It also gives helpful
prompts.
SWEET
TALKIN'
KEY-BEEP can be on/off. Unac-
ceptable keystrokes cause a lower
pitched BOP! This ERROR-
BEEBOP can be on/off.
Talks to other computers with
Full or Half Duplex; Baud Rate of
110, 150, 300, 600, 120T " irjty as
even, odd, mark, space, none; 7
or 8 bit Word; any Stop Bits; all
128 ASCII characters; true line
Break; XON/XOFF protocol; and
optional line-at-a-time transmis-
sion. Able to send and receive
text, block graphics, BASIC and
ML programs. A 64K machine
holds up to 45,000 characters
(33,300 in HI-RES).
DUAL PROCESSING lets you
review & edit while more data is
coming in.
XMODEM for disk file transfer.
Fully supports D.C. Hayes and
other intelligent modems.
Talks to your printer with any
page size, margins, line spacing,
split word avoidance. Embed your
printer's control sequences for
boldface, underlining, etc. Narrow
text can be automatically spread
out.
You'll also use Autoterm
for simple word processing
and record keeping
You can display directories,
delete files, transmit directly from
disk, and work with files larger
than memory. Easily maintain a
disk copy of an entire session.
Compatible with TELEWRITER
(ASCII) & other word processors.
SMOOTH
WALK IN'
AUTOTERM moves smoothly
and quickly between word proces-
sing and intelligent terminal
action. Create text, correct your
typing errors; then connect to the
other computer, upload your text,
download information, file it, and
sign-off; then edit the received
data, print it in an attractive
format, and/or save it on file.
Editing is super simple with the
cursor. Find strings instantly, too!
Any operating parameter, such as
screen width, can be altered at
any time. Uncompleted com-
mands can be cancelled.
PUTTY IN
YOUR HANDS
The word processor can be
used to create, print, and/or save
on file your personal KSMs. They
let AUTOTERM act like you. For
example, it can dial through your
modem, sign-on, interact, perform
file operations, & sign-off; an
entire session without your help.
KSMs can answer the phone,
prompt the caller, take messages,
save them, hang-up, and wait for
the next call. The KSM potential
is unbelievable!
NO OTHER COMPUTER IN
THE WORLD CAN MATCH
YOUR COCO'S AUTOMATIC
TERMINAL CAPABILITIES!!!
WHAT THE
REVIEWERS SAY
"AUTOTERM is the Best of Class."
Graham, RAINBOW, 6/83
"The AUTOTERM buffer system is
the most sophisticated — and one of
the easiest to use.
Banta, HOT CoCo, 9/84
"Almost a full featured word
processor. . ."
Ellers, RAINBOW, 11/84
"AUTOTERM's excellent error-
handling routines, thorough docu-
mentation, and logical, easy-to-use
command structure make it stand
out."
Parker, HOT CoCo, 5/85
AVAILABLE IN CANADA
from
Kelly Software Distributors
Edmonton, Alberta
CASSETTE $39.95
DISKETTE $49.95
Add $3 shipping and handling
MC/VISA/C.O.D.
PXE Computing
11 Vicksburg Lane
Richardson, Texas 75080
214/699-7273
Please hire the mentally retarded. They are sincere, hard working and
appreciative. Thanks! Phyllis
A Simpler Way
Editor:
This is in response to Marty Goodman's
"Lap Keyboard" article [July 1986, Page 71].
He described a procedure for connecting
ribbon cable to the plastic ribbon connector.
I found the simplest and cheapest method is
to take a 40-pin IC socket (preferably one
with flat pins) and cut the two pin strips from
the socket frame, remove the pins and
carefully saw or cut away the plastic dividers
between the pin holes on one of the IC strips.
Replace the pins on this one modified strip
and you should be able to plug the keyboard
plastic ribbon into the new connector.
Solder the connecting cable to the pin ends.
At the other end of the extension cable,
solder on the individual pins (female end) to
the end of the cable wires and carefully put
the pins back into the remaining IC strip.
Plug the finished connector into the plastic
ribbon socket on the computer board (CoCo
'F board and CoCo 2) and that's it!
Rodger Alexander
Bellingham, WA
me at 905 Remington Drive, 65202. Reason-
able offers considered.
Kerry L. Nye
Columbia, MO
DELPHI LINE
REQUEST HOTLINE
Editor:
I am interested in finding someone who
has a DMP-UO printer and the program
Hardcopy. I have made several banners and
greeting cards using the program and would
very much like to exchange data disks.
Anyone interested, please write to me at 88
Steinmetz Road, 08502.
Scott Enman
Belle-Mead, NJ
Habla Francais
Editor:
I am looking for a program (tape or disk)
to help me in learning French and Spanish.
Send any information to 1059 E. 6th
Avenue, 85204.
Arthur H. Packard
Mesa, AZ
CoCo, Par 2
Editor:
I own a CoCo 2 and am looking for a
program to store and calculate golf handi-
caps, on cassette only. My address is 982
HolmanWay, 89431.
Ted Tuso
Sparks, NV
Please read the review of Golf
Handicaps on Page 215 of the
August 1985 issue.
Pot O' Gold
Editor:
I am attempting to complete my library
of rainbow issues for 1983 and 1984. If any
readers would be willing to sell me their
copies of the January, February, March and
May issues for 1983 or the January and
February issues from 1984, please write to
Editor:
The Electronic Call Board is celebrating
its one-year anniversary with the addition of
a 1200 Baud Hayes and 128K of RAM. In
our first year we have approached 8,000 calls
and 3,000 messages. Now that we've added
the new modem and additional RAM we
expect that number to more than double in
the coming year. To reach us, put your
settings on 1200/300, E, 7, 1 and let 'er rip.
Call NYC's first 128K CoCo BBS!
Bobby Ballard
(BOBBY BALLARD)
Brooklyn, NY
A Pat on the Back
Editor:
I enjoy your excellent magazine and join
many others in praising its overall quality.
I have learned a great deal, and the fact that
you are the sole survivor in the CoCo world
is testimony that you're doing things right.
I have two suggestions to further improve
the educational value of the rainbow.
Refrain from publishing programs that
consist only of machine language DATA
statements read and POKEd by a basic
program. Each machine language program
should be accompanied by the source code,
if readers are to gain any value from the
article.
Although I am a subscriber to rainbow
on tape, I think you are doing your readers
a disservice by not publishing any program
listing for an article, such as was done with
MUSIC+, (by Bob Ludlum in June 1986).
This is an excellent program, and should not
be limited to subscribers of RAINBOW ON
TAPE. Otherwise, keep up the superb work!
Chris Bergerson
(CHRISB)
Williamsville, NY
INFORMATION PLEASE
Editor:
Having recently acquired a CoCo 2 with
64K, I am trying to make full use of it. I am
using cassette. I have purchased a copy of
Telewriter and find it to be a very suitable
word processor. I have also written some
basic programs.
I would like to be able to use the full 64K
(instead of just the standard 32K) with my
basic programs, but do not know how to do
so. I feel sure that you have published an
article on how to do this, but I do not know
what month to look in. Could you advise
me?
A friend told me you published an article
on increasing the CoCo's memory above
64K, but could not remember the issue.
Could you tell me what issue to look in?
Telewriter has three features I find help-
ful: saving fiJes in binary; verifying a save on
tape and auto retry when searching for a file
or verifying. Have you published any articles
on achieving these functions? I want to
incorporate these features into my pro-
grams. My address is Route 4, Box 90,
47122.
Dave Hottell
Georgetown, IN
The CoCo is not designed to use
the full 64K for basic. It can only
use 32 K at a time.
See "128K — The Easy Way" by
Dennis Lewandowski on Page 162
in the December 1984 issue.
The Heart of the Matter
Editor:
I am trying to fix a 64K Extended basic
CoCo 2, red tag special. I would like to see
an article showing the guts and their work-
ings plus a few test tricks for repairs.
Fred Wise
Clarion, PA
See "An Introduction To The
Inside Of The CoCo 2" by Tony
DiStefano on Page 68 of the Jan-
uary 1985 issue. Also look at the
"Index to Rainbow" July 1984,
1985 and 1986 issues for articles by
Tony DiStefano. These will be
most helpful.
Mayday! Mayday!
Editor:
If someone has a copy of the superpatched
EDTASM+ working on a 64K CoCo 2 with
Disk basic 1.1, please contact me at 6321
Bosker Lane, 48444. I can't get it to work
right with my computer and I'm not good
enough in assembly language to fix it.
John Gormely
^ Imlay City, Ml
No Assembler Please
Editor:
I am writing to request a basic program
to write machine language programs with-
out an assembler.
Zack Shelley
Casper, WY
Please see "Machine Code
Loader" by Dennis Weide on Page
144 in the July 1985 issue.
Nonexistent OS-9 Errors
Editor:
I'm just getting into OS-9 and sometimes
it gives me error messages I can't find in the
manual. Where can I get a list or book of
all the error codes?
I have a 32K *E' board that I upgraded to
64K. The upgrade did not include cutting
and removing any parts. A number of
programs don't seem to recognize it as 64 K,
VIP Writer for one. Ghana Bwana tells me
8 THE RAINBOW September 1 986
I have a bad byte in my 32K, and I have no
sound. If I type in RUN the second time,
the game runs, but still no sound. Help,
please! My address is Box 1 132, V9Y 7L9.
Dave Read
^PortAlbern, British Columbia
Read "RAM/ ROM Upgrade
Roundup " on Page 49 of the May
1984 issue.
Transfer Troubles
Editor:
I go to Radio Shack once in a while to
check out the educational programs on sale
for my kids. Usually the programs are
cassettes, and I have a disk system. I tried
a popular copy program to copy tape to disk
but it doesn't do the job. What can I do to
get these tapes on disk?
S. Brett Healey
Logan, UT
Try Roger Schrag's "A Tape To
Disk Transfer Vehicle" on Page 48
in the January 1984 issue.
BOUQUETS AND BRICKBATS
Editor:
In the November 1985 rainbow, INFO-
CO M placed an advertisement (pages 10-11)
for their Four In One Infocom Sampler,
which I ordered. Many weeks later I received
a letter from INFOCOM saying that they
were backordered and to be patient. Several
weeks after the letter I received the Sampler
disk only to find that it would not load or
operate. After a phone call to INFOCOM,
I sent the disk to their technical department
and asked for replacement. Several weeks
later a new disk arrived, with the same
problems. I returned this disk and stated the
difficulties I had. I explained that I would
still be interested in their program if prob-
lems could be corrected.
Michael Garozzo
Morrisvitle, PA
Four In One Solution
Editor:
I appreciate your bringing Mr. Garozzo's
letter to our attention. The technical loading
problem of the Four In One Infocom
Sampler is one which we discovered subse-
quent to Mr. Garozzo sending his disk. It is
encountered only by original CoCo owners
(Version 1.0 Extended basic) who need to
enter the basic program shown below as
explained in the CoCo owners manual.
Those with Version 1.1 will not encounter
this problem.
Customer satisfaction is extremely impor-
tant to each of us at Infocom. We welcome
feedback which helps us improve our service
and the quality of our products. Hopefully
this technical information will assist other
CoCo users.
To run the game, be sure to type:
>D0S
If you have Version 1 .0 Extended basic,
you need to type in the following program
in order to run the game.
40 FDR 1=0 TO 70
50 RERD fi$
60 POKE &H5000+I,VFIL(''&H''+FI$)
70 NEXT I
80 CLS:PRINT "INSERT STORY
DISKETTE"
90 PRINT "INTO DRIVE 0 FIND PRESS
fi KEY"
100 R$=INKEYS:IF R$=""THEN 100
110 EXEC &H5000
120 DATA 86,22,8E,26,00,8D,0D
130 DRTfl FC,2G,00,10,83,4F,53
140 DRTfl 26, 03, 7E, 26, 02, 39, 34
150 DRTR 20,10,BE,C0,06,R7,22
160 DRTR 86,02,R7,fl4,6F,21,6F
170 DRTfl 23,6C,23,ftF,24,10,8E
180 DRTfl C0,06,A6,23,B1,13,27
190 DRTfl 12,AD,9F,C0,04,4D,27
200 DRTfl 06,6C,23,6C,24,20,E9
210 DRTR 7F,FF,40,35,R0,4F,20
220 DRTR F8
Under BASIC'S "OK" prompt, type RUN and
press enter. You should save this to a basic
format disk for future use. Note: Do not save
this program to your Infocom Diskette.
Dorene B. Woodrow
INFOCOM
Cambridge, MA
hi-tech Compliments
Editor: l \
I would like to compliment one of your
new advertisers — hi-tech Stationery. After
seeing their ad in the June 1986 rainbow,
I sent for the brochure and free sample of
stationery. Within a week I had received the
promised items. A lot of mail order station-
ery companies send a catalog with pictures
of the stationery. Not hi-tech. They sent
actual full-size samples of the stationery.
Needless to say, I was impressed. Will I
order from them? You bet! Quality maga-
zines such as yours will continue to attract
the best of these advertisers.
Jill Mead
Lansing, MI
Faster Than a Speeding CoCo
Editor:
I just had to write concerning the speed
with which one of your advertisers, Derrin-
ger Software of South Carolina, responded.
On June 9, in the July 1986 issue, I found
their interesting Max Fonts ad on Page 94.
I called at noon requesting they send me all
three sets. I was told they would be mailed
the next day. Today is June 11 and the
mailman just delivered them to me.
I would like to thank rainbow magazine
for all the help it gives; I am far from being
an expert, but with your help, I have a very
good hobby.
George Levka
Chicago, IL
Above and Beyond
Editor:
HJL Products, a division of Touchstone
Technology Inc., deserves special recogni-
tion for customer concern to match their
excellent keyboard. Though it was well
beyond the warranty period and it took two
tries, they put me back in business with a
working HJL keyboard at no charge.
Gerry Odell Wood
Los Alamos, NM
KUDOS
Editor:
I just received the July 1986 issue of THE
rainbow and wanted to tell you how much
I enjoyed "The Faces of Falsoft: the Rain-
bow Makers" (Page 37). It was just great.
Thanks!
I would like to suggest that you consider
including pictures of the authors, in addition
to the biographical data that accompanies
each article.
Mike Rozek
Winona, MN
CoCo Cat Art
Editor:
This is my version of how our CoCo Cat
should be colored. Thanks for providing the
iron-on. Great idea!
David Reneer
Novato, CA
BBSers Sought
Editor:
The CoCo Communications newsletter
still needs users! This newsletter deals with
CoCo telecommunications with a list every
other month of BBSs around the world.
There are reviews on BBS programs, termi-
nal programs, modems and other software.
There's also a mailbag to ask questions or
leave your BBS number, or just to have a
modem pal! To get this newsletter, send $2
to 301 Caravel Drive, 19701.
Steve Slack
Bear, DE
September 1 986 THE RAINBOW
A Job Well Done
Editor:
In your January 1986 issue [Page 88], you
had a program by Mary and James Lamon-
ica called Co Co Math Class. I typed in this
program for my wife — she has a slight
learning disability — but she could not use
it. In order to use it she had to write the
problem then enter the answer.
I contacted the Lamonicas with this
problem to see what I could do about
straight entry of the answer. Two days later
Mr. Lamonica called me. He had modified
the program and was sending the updated
copy to me,
I feel the Lamonicas deserve a large round
of applause and, from me, many thanks. I
would like to see more of their work in the
RAINBOW — I feel everyone will benefit from
their knowledge and help.
Richard Mullicane
Rancho Cordova, CA
PEN PALS
Editor:
I am 15 years old and looking for a pen
pal. I have a 64K CoCo 2, two disk drives
and a cassette recorder. I have a lot of games,
pokes and some Adventure games. Write to
me at 2070 62nd Street North, 33520.
Dino Sanchez
Clearwater, FL
• I am a retired person and would appre-
ciate hearing from another retiree with the
thought of mutual help in using programs
from THE RAINBOW and in elementary pro-
gramming on my 64K CoCo. I have a #10
printer and tape recorder — no disk. My
address is Box 342, 32735.
Flora Swingle
Grand Island, FL
• I am 15 years old and would like to get
in touch with other CoCo users in Florida.
I have a 64K CoCo 2 with two drives and
a DCM-5 modem. Call me at (8 1 3) 859-2629
or write to 1 109 Old Polk City Road, 33809.
Steve Dale
Lakeland, FL
• I am a CoCo games nut. It doesn't
matter if it is basic, binary, graphics,
Adventures, etc. — I just love games. I'm
looking for pen pals. Contact me at 5753 S.
Laflin, 60636 or phone (312) 737-5716 from
6-8 p.m. Mon.-Fri. or 12-8 p.m. Sat. and
Sun.
Kevin Adair
Chicago, IL
• I am 15 years old, own a 64K CoCo 2,
cassette drive and a Centronics model 308
printer. I would like a pen pal with the same
or a close setup. My main interests are
Adventure games and programs for my
printer. My address is P.O. Box 56, 67103.
Brian Daily
Mayfield, KS
• I am 1 1 years old and would like to have
a pen pal around my age. I have a 64K ECB
CoCo with disk drive. My address is 1204
Tara Lane, 63303.
Bradley Calise
St. Charles, MO
• Anyone wishing to have a pen pal in the
U.S. or abroad, please mail in your name,
address and, if you like, some of the things
you are interested in. I will, in turn, mail a
list back to you. Send to 847 Rosewood
Terrace, 13760.
Christopher Smith
Endwell, NY
• I am 1 1 years old and would like a pen
pal. I have a 64K CoCo 2 with one disk drive
and cassette deck. Send letters to 33 Scenic
Pt. Drive, 12941.
David Endersbee
Jay, NY
• I am looking for a Color Computer pen
pal. Write me at 82 Hayes Street, 1 1762.
Chris Romance
Massapequa Park, NY
• Looking for pen pals. Send correspond-
ence to 24 Parkmere Road, 14617-1912.
Herbert E. Crumrine
Rochester, NY
• I am interested in starting a computer
pen pal service. Please send type of compu-
ter, disk drive or cassette and printer type
to RD #2, Box 252, 18222.
Wesley Laubach
Drums, PA
• Any CoCo 2 owner with a Radio Shack
modem having a 300 Baud rate please
contact me and be a pen pal. I am looking
mostly for pen pals in Pennsylvania. Write
me at 3107 Tanker Street, 19145.
Jesse Mosley
Philadelphia, PA
• Anyone looking for a pen pal can write
to me. My address is 1369 Miles Drive,
29407.
Raleigh Rivers
Charleston, SC
• I would like a CoCo pen pal from
Dekalb county who has a TRS-80 CoCo.
Write me at RR 2, Box 90, 37095.
June Elliot
Liberty, TN
• I am looking for a CoCo pen pal to share
ideas with and chat with via U.S. mail. My
address is P.O. Box 26689, 76126.
Chris Young
■ Beribrook, TX
• I am 14 years old and own a 64K CoCo
system. I would like to have some pen pals.
Write to me at 6118 83rd Ct. E, 98371.
Chris Nitz
Puyallup, WA
• I would like some pen pals. My address
is 920 North 16th Street, 53081.
Todd Preder
Sheboygan, WI
• I am 15 years old and a new CoCo 2
owner. I would like pen pals from anywhere
around the world. My computer is 16K with
a cassette recorder which I plan to expand
to 64K ECB soon. My address is 6492 Riesch
Road, 53095.
Amy Mills
West Bend, WI
• I would like a pen pal. I am 16 years old
and own a CoCo 2 with a disk drive and
printer.
B. Florence
30 Robinson Street
Croydon, New South Wales
Australia 2208
• I live in the suburbs of Paris and am a
Tandy TRS-80 32K Color Computer user
with diskette adapter and cassette reader. I
would like to correspond with other CoCo
users.
Dombret Philippe
5 Vol De L'eperon
78570 Andresy
France
the rainbow welcomes letters to the
editors. Mail should be addressed to: Letters
to Rainbow, The Falsoft Building, P.O. Box
385, Prospect, KY 40059. Letters should
include the writer's full name and address.
Letters may be edited for purposes of clarity
or space.
Letters to the editors may also be sent to
us through the MAIL section of our Delphi
CoCo SIG. From the CoCo SIG> prompt,
pick MAIL, then type SEND and address to:
EDITORS. Be sure to include your complete
name and address.
L
AR
TS AND L
ETTERS
32* DURHAM ST.
WAIKERTDH ,0Nt>
N0G-2VO
Her* tJi"* •fat*
at, «l 0*«»3 )
i f;i!is3~iri i I
\ on y l
THE FALSOFT BUILDING,
P.O. BOX 385.
PROSPECT, KY f005<?
Envelope of the Month
The Golden Wheel
Walkerton, Ontario
10
THE RAINBOW September 1986
Use The Brains Yom Tandy
Wasn't born with.
Enjoy other useful services too, like
electronic editions of your favorite maga-
zines, newsletters and articles, including
the Tandy Corporate Newsletter, TCBUG
(the Tandy Computer Business Users
Group), and the Fort Worth Computer
Chronicles.
All you need is your Tandy computer
and a modem ... or almost any other
personal computer.
To buy your CompuServe Subscrip-
tion Kit, see your nearest computer
dealer. Suggested retail price is $39.95.
To receive our free brochure, or to order
direct, call 800-848-8199 On Ohio, call
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In Ohio, call 614-457-0802
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is for users of Tandy laptop computers,
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The Color Computer Forum is for
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and highly respected microcomputer.
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The Color Computer 3:
An Amazing Product
Well Worth
the Wait
NEW YORK, JULY 30 —
The night before I first laid eyes on the Color Computer 3, 1 kept
wondering whether it was going to be worth the wait.
For more than a year now, the rumors have been hot and heavy
about the new CoCo and I was hoping we wouldn't see just an upgrade
here and there — a little more memory, a few more colors — that would
have to come under the classification of "nice" but hardly worth the
months of waiting and speculation.
The next day, as I heard about the technical part of it all, as I held
a CoCo 3 in my hands for the first time, I really wasn't sure. An hour
later I was very sure.
In that hour, I watched a CoCo 3 in action. First came a demonstration
(which, as a very nice touch if you ask me, features a rainbow in it) that
absolutely blew me away. Then came disks with some programs — in
BASIC, in machine language and written under OS-9. None of them was
commercial stuff, just things that people at Tandy had been tinkering
with.
Oh, wow!
I then spoke with one of the outside vendors who has been developing
some programs for the new machine. If anything, veteran programmer
Greg Zumwalt is even more enthusiastic than I am. "The things I can
do with this are really amazing," he told me.
I saw a demo that easily rivals, and in many instances surpasses, Atari's
ST and Commodore's Amiga. I heard about a windowing environment
that absolutely blows Macintosh away. I saw speed, animation, graphics
and colors, screen displays, plus upper- and lowercase (and foreign!)
character sets. The list goes on.
The standard that has been used to compare the newer non-IBM
computers has been the "bouncing ball demo." Amiga started it with
a ball that bounces around the screen, demonstrating graphics and
animation. Atari commissioned someone to do one for them to prove
they could do it better. Which one actually is better is a matter of debate.
But CoCo 3's demonstration program does many things and a bouncing
ball is just one them. You know, the ball bounces faster and more
smoothly on the CoCo 3.
So what? Well, that's not the heart of the CoCo 3 demo. What blows
you away is watching the sun rise over a landscape while the shadows
and definition of the hills and valleys change and brighten as the sun
moves higher in the sky. And then a color-changing rainbow. Beautiful!
Go see it at your Radio Shack store.
When the Color Computer was first introduced five years ago, it was
something new, special and different. Even today it can do things that
far more costly machines cannot. The people at Tandy decided more
Computerware's OS-9 Library
Advanced Utilities
by Brian Lantz
This set is designed for the advanced OS-9 user who
wants serious tools. KSHELL totally transforms your
system by allowing wildcards with any utility. The
PATH command sets up multiple path directories to
be searched when a command is given. UNLOAD is a
repetitive unlink utility to remove modules. FLINK
allows you to have many different boot files on a
given disk & set which one to boot from next time.
ARCHIVE backs up large disk media onto small disk
media. CPY copies multiple files to a given directory.
S29.95
by Chris Bone
RAID is a screen oriented debugger with a built in
disassembler, single step capabilities, memory win-
dow and access to the OS— 9 shell. It even has a built
in hexidecimaf calculator! These are commands to
modify the register, locate any module in physical
memory, edit memory, set and kill break points, do
selective disassemblies, execute modules by name or
position, run shell commands, set offsets, single step
from the program counter through the code, view the
graphic screen, and much morel
Disk Fix
by Harry Hardy
Unleash the real power of OS-9. Disk Fix supports true
double-slded/double density, 40 tracks, and
step rates of up to 6 ms and each drive is separately
configurable. (CCDISK included) DMODE allows
super easy modification of drive descriptors. DIRCOPY
is the most powerful of OS-9 copy utilities. PATCH is a
user-friendly program for inspecting and modifying a
disk file. FILELOOK displays file modules without
loading them into memory. COMPARE compares a
disk file to memory.
OS-9 BASIC
Sourcerer . L^^^hbhhhJ The Last Word
by Frank Delargy
The Sourcerer is a menu driven symbolic 6809 dis-
assembler that produces symbolic source code that
can be assembled. It is compatible with most editor/
assemblers that produce ASCII files.
S39.95
ALSO AVAILABLE:
Enjoy programming under OS-9 without the struggle
of assembly language. This is a full-featured, easy to
use, high level language for OS-9 users. Since you can
invoke OS-9 commands from within a program, you
can write many of those needed utilities with BASIC.
Extraordinary file handling capabilities for fast data
access and a very efficient file design. BASIC also fea-
tures 9 & 11 digits of precision using BCD arithmetic,
flexible user input commands for conversational pro-
gramming, and easy output formatting. $4995
by Michael Bailey
This OS-9 word processor offers fast, on-screen for-
matting using your choice of mouse, joystick, or key-
board. The popdown menu is accessible at all times
while inputting text so it is easy to use. You can move,
insert or delete blocks of text with one touch.
S49.95
TEXTOOLS, COLOR CONNECTION II, ADVANCED EDITOR, & MACRO ASSEMBLER
Make work FUN with
C0C0 Cookbook
by Norman Manchevsky
This is more than a recipe index, it's a true free for-
mat data bate! Designed to store and retrieve a
large number of recipes, each can use up to 3040
characters with title, ingredients, and instructions. The
powerful keyword search lets you find entries with
any special word, or ingredient. Over 200 recipes are
included to get you started. Organize your VCR tapes,
music collection, real estate, each title and description
stored for easy retrieval. You don't have to be a chef to
appreciate the power of this system.
Merge 'n Mall
by Cris Ervmg
Merge 'n Mail is a sophisticated mall list manager
with a mall-merge feature that can insert your
name and address information into letters created
with your word processor. It's 8 preset fields include
last name, first name, company name, address, city,
state, zipcode, and phone number. 12 additional pro-
grammable fields allow you to store extra information
according to your needs. It sorts by last name, or zip-
code. Label formats are easy to specify at print time. It
can be used with any ASCII editor.
Personal Finance System
by BJ Chambless
Your C0C0 is your personal bookkeeper. Set a
monthly budget, personal chart of accounts, and
then enter each transaction. PFS compares monthly
expenses with your budget and prints personal finan-
cial reports. Tax time is so much easier! The special
Investment and loan module calculates details
of financial transactions like mortgage payments,
principals, amortization tables, interest rates, and
more so you can analyze your current and future
investments. With PFS you can budget, and analyze
for the future.
Requires 32K
Disk S32.95 If eq ul res 64K
Disk $32.95
Requires 32K
80 Column printer
Disk $32.95
Ask for our FREE CoCo Catalog!
NAP Monochrome Monitors
The 20 mhz band with 800 line resolution,
and 80 x 25 display insure a crisp picture.
Plus — it has audio input!
Green 12" Amber 12
$114.95
plus $5 shipping
SAKATA Color Monitor
Beautiful 13" color display with 280 x 300 line
resolution. Includes composite video color,
and audio si 75 plus $1S shipping
Put a Monitor on Your CoCo with the
Universal Video Plus
Heavy duty construction evidenced Our advanced design gives the highest
by sturdy leads and connectors. quality display.
All cables {audio & video) are
Included. No need to buy extenders or
extra cables as required by other drivers.
Shielded audio A video cables
insure that no extra RF interference is
introduced from the Universal Video
Plus.
Installation Is easy There is no
soldering and no dismantling of the RF
shield.
The Universal Video Plus works with
every CoCo. Easy to follow, clear
instructions are included.
Universal Video Plus S34.95
Call or Write to:
COMPUTERWARE @ 16,91 436 35,2
Box 668 • Enclnltas, CA • 92024
Name _
Address
City
State
Yesl Send me your FREE catalog! CoCo □
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Item
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Shipping 6% Calif. Sales Tax
Surface — S2 minimum. COD Add $5
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Air or Canada — $5 minimum. TOTAL
5% for orders over SI 00
Checks are delayed for bank clearance
than a year ago that when they devel-
oped a new machine it would, like the
original CoCo, be on the leading edge
of technology. With all they have done,,
the new CoCo 3 is not on the leading
edge, it is the leading edge.
Don't be fooled by the bare specifi-
cations of this machine; look at what it
actually does. And the potential is
waiting to be tapped by others. In this
case, it is the true inheritor of the CoCo
tradition: years' worth of potential —
things you never dreamed could be
done.
Let me make several points:
Forgetting price (I'll come to that in
a minute), the CoCo 3 is the computer
of choice in the forseeable future. Its
technical superiority is so vast that it
offers virtually unlimited potential for
the person who owns one.
Forget about the eight-bit/ 16-bit/ 32-
bit CPU debate. By designing a custom
chip called the GIME, Tandy is on the
threshhold of unleashing the full power
of the 6809E. It's not what ya' got, it's
what ya' do with it that counts.
There is no known interface method-
ology that CoCo 3 cannot take advan-
tage of. The most obvious is windowing,
of course. The ability to have a window/
graphics interface will bring millions
into the world of computers because
they can just use them — they don't
have to understand them. ,
Those millions of people will pay no
more than $219.95 for the basic box
with all this potential. With only half
the capabilities, it would still be a
substantial bargain. Considering every-
thing we know today that CoCo 3 can
do, Tandy is practically giving their
machine away. I expect the ranks of the
CoCo Community to be swelled to huge
proportions.
With the ease of programming and
the general decline in the price of
software in other markets, I expect a
great influx of new material for the
CoCo. Those third party people who
have been in this market for some time
now will enhance their present products
and offer new ones. The great potential
of the machine will attract many new
writers to the market.
In line with that, let me share some
information from Greg. He told me how
easy it was to program some of the
offerings he is doing for Tandy because
he was able to assemble the program in
one window and edit his errors in
another — at the same time! Think of
how much easier that will make pro-
gramming.
Again, our hat is off to Tandy for
making CoCo 3 backward compatible.
No sir, you don't have to throw away
your software library (or your hard-
ware, either). Assuming programmers
followed the guidelines Tandy set down
(for just this reason), virtually every
piece of software you have now will run
on CoCo 3. Every printer, modem, disk
drive, cassette recorder and the like will
simply plug in to the same place on
CoCo 3.
The Color Comptuer 3 is a major
achievement by Tandy Corporation.
Tandy's new advertising slogan is "Bet-
ter Again," and in no case is it more
evident than in the CoCo 3. Indeed,
CoCo 3 sets a new standard of ability
and capability, ease of use and friend-
liness, usefulness and value that no one
else can — or likely will — match today
or in the near future.
Was CoCo 3 worth the wait?
Yes, is was — every second of every
minute of every day.
And more.
— Lonnie Falk
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Budget
Checkbook Balancer
Cost of Living
Tinycalc
Electronic Datebook
Account Manager
Stock Market
Word Processor
Lottery Analyst
Coco Database
Coco Terminal
Bartender
#4 Adventures
Treasures of Barsoom
Killer Mansion
College Adventure
Coco-Terrestrial
Escape
Zector
Skid Row
Quest
Naughide
Haunted House
Video Cassette Organizer
Home Product Evaluation
Electric, Gas & Water Cost
Baseball Manager
Car Manager
Ham Radio Log
Home Inventory
Personal Directory
Recipe Machine
Disk Labeler
Password Scrambler
Disk Directory Print
#5 Games
Trek
Galactic Conquest
Warlords
The Power Sword
Steps
Robot Bomber
Force Field
Rat Attack
Caterpillar Cave
Meteor
Flash Card
Spanish Lessons
Typing Tutor
Creativity Test
Arithmetic Football
Cost of Living
Math Tutors 7,2
Trigonometry Tutor
TypingGame
Word Tests
Talking Alphabet
Clown Dunk Math
#6 Utilities
Some of these programs above
can sell for $29.95 each
Disk Dir Prot
Dir. Pack & Sort
DiskZapper
Rollout
Doss Boss
Disk Backup
51'24 Editor
51 '24 Screen
Autocopy
Faslsort
1 0 Error Ignorer
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1 4 THE RAINBOW September 1 986
How To Read Rainbow
Please note that all the basic program
listings in the rainbow are formatted for
a 32-character screen — so they show
up just as they do on your CoCo screen.
One easy way to check on the accuracy
of your typing is to compare what char-
acter "goes under" what. If the charac-
ters match — and your line endings
come out the same — you have a pretty
good way of knowing that your typing is
accurate.
We also have "key boxes" to show you
the minimum system a program needs.
But, do read the text before you start
typing.
Finally, the little cassette symbol on
the table of contents and at the begin-
ning of articles indicates that the pro-
gram is available through our rainbow
on tape service. An order form for this
service is on the insert card bound in the
magazine.
What's A CoCo?
CoCo is an affectionate name that was
first given to the Tandy Color Computer
by its many fans, users and owners.
However, when we use the term
CoCo, we refer to both the Tandy Color
Computer and the TDP System-100
Computer. It is easier than using both of
the "given" names throughout the rain-
bow.
In most cases, when a specific com-
puter is mentioned, the application is for
that specific computer. However, since
the TDP System-100 and Tandy Color
are, for all purposes, the same computer
in a different case, these terms are
almost always interchangeable.
The Rainbow Check Plus
The small box accompanying a pro-
gram listing in the rainbow is a "check
sum" system, which is designed to help
you type in programs accurately.
Rainbow Check PLUS counts the
number and values of characters you
type in. You can then compare the
number you get to those printed in the
rainbow. On longer programs, some
benchmark lines are given. When you
reach the end of one of those lines with
your typing, simply check to see if the
numbers match.
To use Rainbow Check PLUS, type in
the program and csrve it for later use,
then type in the command RUN and press
enter. Once the program has run, type
new and press enter to remove it from
the area where the program you're typ-
ing in will go.
Now, while keying in a listing from the
rainbow, whenever you press the down-
arrow key, your CoCo gives the check
sum based on the length and content of
the program in memory. This is to check
against the numbers printed in the
rainbow. If your number is different,
check the listing carefully to be sure you
typed in the correct basic program code.
For more details on this helpful utility,
refer to H. Allen Curtis' article on Page
21 of the February 1984 rainbow.
Since Rainbow Check PLUS counts
spaces and punctuation, be sure to type
in the listing exactly the way it's given in
the magazine.
10 CL5:X=25G*PEEK(35)+17B
20 CLERR 25,X-1
30 X=25G*PEEI< (35)+178
40 FDR 2=X TO X+77
50 RERD Y:W=W+Y:PRINT Z,Y;W
G0 POKE 2, Y: NEXT
70 IFU=7985THEN80ELSEPRINT
"DRTfl ERR0R":ST0P
B0 EXEC X:END
90 DRTR 1B2, 1, 10G, 1G7, 140, G0, 134
100 DRTR 126, 1B3, 1;, 10G, 190, 1, 107
110 DRTR 17S, 140, 50, 48, 140, 4, 191
120 DRTR 1, 107, 57, 129, 10, 38, 38
130 DRTR 52, 22, 79, 158, 25, 230, 129
140 DRTR 39, 12, 171, 128, 171, 128
150 DRTR 230, 132, 38, 250, 48, 1, 32
1G0 DRTR 240, 183, 2, 222, 48, 140, 14
170 DRTR 159, 166, 166, 132, 28, 254
180 DRTR 189, 173, 198, 53, 22, 12G, 0
190 DRTR 0, 135, 255, 134, 40, 55
200 DRTR 51, 52, 41, 0
Using Machine Language
Machine language programs are one
of the featu res of the rainbow. There are
a number of ways to "get" these pro-
grams into memory so you can operate
them.
The easiest way is by using an editor/
assembler, a program you can purchase
from a number of sources.
An editor/assembler allows you to
enter mnemonics into the CoCo and
then have the editor/assembler assem-
ble them into specific instructions that
are understood by the 6809 chip, which
controls your computer.
When using an editor/assembler, all
you have to do, essentially, Is copy the
relevant instructions from the rainbow's
listing into CoCo.
Another method of getting an assem-
bly language listing into CoCo is called
"hand assembly." As the name implies,
you do the assembly by hand. This can
sometimes cause problems when you
have to set up an ORIGIN statement or
an EQUATE. In short, you have to know
something about assembly to hand-
assemble some programs.
Use the following program if you wish
to hand-assemble machine language
listings:
10 CLERR200 , &H3F00 : I =&H3F80
20 PRINT "RDDRESS:";HEX$(I);
30 INPUT "BYTE"; 8$
40 POKE I,VRL("&H"+B$)
50 1=1+1 :GDTD 20
This program assumes you have a 1 6K
CoCo. If you have 32K, change the
&H3F00 in Line 10 to &H7F00 and change
the value of I to &H7F80.
The Rainbow Seal
RAINBOW
CERTIFICATION
SEAL
The Rainbow Certification Seal is our
way of helping you, the consumer. The
purpose of the Seal is to certify to you
that any product that carries the Seal
has been physically seen by us, that it
does, indeed, exist and that we have a
sample copy here at the rainbow.
Manufacturers of products — hard-
ware, software and firmware — are
encouraged by us to submit their pro-
ducts to the rainbow for certification.
We ascertain that their products are, in
actuality, what they purport to be and,
upon such determination, award a Seal.
The Seal, however, is not a "guarantee
of satisfaction." The certification pro-
cess is different from the review process.
You are encouraged to read our reviews
to determine whether the product is
right for your needs.
There is absolutely no relationship
between advertising in the rainbow and
the certification process. Certification is
open and available to any product per-
taining to CoCo. A Seal will be awarded
to any commercial product, regardless
of whether the firm advertises or not.
We will appreciate knowing of in-
stances of violation of Seal use.
September 1 986 THE RAINBOW 1 5
BUILDING SEPTEMBER S RAINBOW
Holding the presses . . •
Chomping at the bit ...
To introduce the new CoCo 3
A monthly magazine such as THE RAINBOW is not the medium of choice
for fast-breaking news. Not in this age of telecommunicating and
broadcast journalism. In fact, about the only thing a monthly magazine
can "scoop" is a high school annual, such as provides the background for this
month's Education issue cover.
But we do try. If this issue of the rainbow reaches you with a large blank
space on the cover saying "This Space for Notes," youll know we rolled the
dice and lost. On the other hand, if our cover artist has the chance before
absolute deadline to get a glimpse of the new Tandy Color Computer 3, then
well have taken a chance and won! Knock on wood.
At the same time, if the first two or three articles in this issue are about
anything except the CoCo 3, you'll know that we could not hold the presses
any longer, but we think we might just make it. Our current plan — with few
contingencies — calls for attending a mid-morning Tandy press conference on
July 30 at New York's famed Waldorf-Astoria Hotel. Then we hope to scurry
away with "grab photos" and specs under our arms and jet back to Prospect
to process the pictures, digest the new machine's specifications and get it all
into the magazine in a matter of hours. Let me tell you, it is no sure thing.
Our plan also calls for transferring files by phone lines, reading over the
typesetters' shoulders, editing on the run and laying out the pages in record
time. Similar standby-then-fly procedures are scheduled right on down the
umpteen steps along the production line. This is so we can cover the press
conference as well as include material from some "insiders" who cannot release
their material until after the formal announcement. At this point, they still cling
to saying, "//"there is a new machine . . .."
While the rest of the world keeps on keeping on, Prospect is aflutter. This
is not business as usual. (To add to the problem, remember that we produce
two Tandy magazines! PCM is reporting on the new MS-DOS developments.)
Editors are rolling their eyes and audibly sighing, artists are biting their nails,
the technical staff is pacing around, hypothesizing about all the possibilities
and potential, and production folks are wondering if another "all nighter" is
in store. The pre-press and printing people are anxiously tapping their toes,
wondering what all the big deal is.
Well, for the CoCo Community, we think it is the biggest deal since the CoCo
was introduced. We expect the new features to be top-notch and the price to
be highly competitive. We expect the CoCo 3 to bring new excitement, new
challenges and bright new promise to the CoCo Community. We think you'll
be pulling that old machine out and sliding a new one right into place and then
rediscovering the same sort of computing thrill you felt when you powered up
your first CoCo.
At this point, though Tandy is still as stony silent as Mount Rushmore, the
rumors are crystalizing into fact and the likelihood of three text modes
(including true lowercase, underline and blinking) and dazzling graphics
possibilities seems certain. Tandy's competition will pale in comparison to this
new 128/512K machine.
In order to get a complete report to you, we are pushing deadlines back several
days and then rushing to make up time. Probably we won't be able to catch
up entirely, so this issue is likely to arrive a few days later than usual. We think
you'd much prefer this to having to wait another month for the big story weVe
all been eagerly anticipating for a year or more.
In upcoming issues, we'll delve more deeply into the power of the new CoCo
3 and we'll begin examining and previewing all the new programs as they are
rushed to market. Well report on what present products will work (the vast
majority of existing programs and hardware) and what needs "patching" or
whatever. To keep up with all that's coming down the road, you'll need THE
RAINBOW more than ever, so if you haven't joined the tens of thousands who
find THE rainbow in their mailbox every month, why not learn about the new
CoCo with a new subscription?
— Jim Reed
500
POKES,
PEEKS,
EXECs
FOR THE TRS-80 COCO
MEYER BEFORE has this infor-
mation of vital significance to a
programmer been so readily
available to everyone. This book
will help you GET UNDERNEATH
THE COVER' of the Color Com-
puter and develop your own MI-
QUALITY Basic and ML pro-
grams. SO WHY WAIT??
This 80-page book includes
POKES, PEEKS and EXECs to:
★ Autostart your basic programs
★ Disable Color Basic/ ECC/ Disk
Basic commands like LIST,
LLIST, POKE, EXEC, CSAVE(M),
DEL, EDIT, TRON, TROPP,
PC LEAR, DLOAD, RENUM, PRINT
USIP1Q, DIR, KILL, SAVE, LOAD,
MERGE, RENAME, DSKIP11,
BACKUP, DSKI$, and DSKO$.
★ Disable BREAK KEY, CLEAR KEY
and RESET BUTTON.
Generate a Repeat-key.
Transfer ROMPAKS to tape (For
64K only).
Speed Up your programs.
Reset, MOTOR ON/OPP from
keyboard.
★ Recover Basic programs lost by
NEW
★ Set 23 different
QRAPHIC/SEMIGRAPHIC modes
★ Merge two Basic programs.
★ AND MUCH MUCH MOREIIl
COMMANDS COMPATIBLE WITH
16K/32K/64K/ COLOR BASIC/ ECU/ DISK
BASIC SYSTEMS and CoCo I and CoCo IL
ONLY $16.95
ORDER TODAY! VISA NC Am EX Check or MO. COD
add $2.50. Please add $3.00 S * H (USA * Canada,
foreign add $5.00). NYS residents pi. add sales tax.
All orders shipped WITHIN 24 HOURSU!
★
★
★
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MICROCOM
SOFTWARE
P.O. Box 21 4 Fairport, N.Y. 14450|
Phone (71 6) 225-1477
1 6 THE RAINBOW September 1986
UTILITIES/BOOKS
UTILITY ROUTINES for the
TANDY & TRS-80 COCO (Vol 1)
This powerful book for Basic and ML
Programmers, includes program expla-
nation, memory requirements and an
annotated source listing for the utility
routines given below. These routines if
bought individually will cost you
HUNDREDS OF DOLLARS.
These are 100% Position Independent
ML Utilities and require no ML program-
ming knowledge.
COMMAND KEYS: Access commands with 2
keystrokes.
CURSOR STYLES: Over 65000 cursor styles.
ERROR SKIP: 'ONERR GOTO' for Basic
Programs
FULL LENGTH ERRORS: Get real word
error messages.
KEY CLICKER: Ensure key input accuracy.
REPEAT KEY: Repeat ANY key.
REVERSE VIDEO (Green & Red): Eliminate
eye- strain
SPOOLER: Don't wait for those long printouts
SUPER SCROLLER: Save/view scrolled lines.
TAPE- TO- DISK: Copy Basic and ML programs
ANO MUCH MUCH MORE!!!
For 16K/32K/64K Cassette or Disk
Systems, CoCo l& CoCo II.
BOOK $19.95
THESE ROUTINES (READY-TO-RUN) ON
CAS/DISK:
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BOTH BOOK AND CASSETTE
or DISK:
$36.95
OTHER MUST' BOOKS
UNRAVELLED SERIES: These 3 books
provide a complete annotated listing of
the BASIC/ECB and DISK ROMs.
COLOR BASIC UNRAVELLED: $19.95
EXTENDED BASIC UNRAVELLED: $19.95
DISK BASIC UNRAVELLED: $19.95
ALLS UNRAVELLED BOOKS: $49.95
RAINBOW GUIDE TO OS-9 (Book): $18.95
RAINBOW GUIDE TO OS-9 (2 Disks): $29.00
BASIC PROGRAMMING TRICKS: Tips and tricks
for Basic Programmers. Only $14.95
WE HAVE ALL THAT YOU NEED TO SUCCEED
SUPER TAPE/DISK
TRANSFER
• Disk-to-Disk Copy (1 -3 passes)
• Tape- to- Disk Copy
• Tape-to- Disk Automatic Relocate
• Disk-to- Tape Copy
• Tape- to- Tape Copy
Copies Basic/ ML programs and DATA files
32 K Disk System
(Disk to Disk Copy requires 64 K)
DISK ONLY $24.95
l* 0 * 0NY $9.95
200
additional Pokes, Peeks' n Execs to
give you MORE PROGRAMMING POWER.
Includes commands for
• Rompak Transfer to disk
• PAINT with 65000 styles!
• Use of 40 trick single/ double sided drives with variable
step- rates
• High-Speed Cassette Operation
• Telewriter 64®, Edtasm+® and CoCo Max®
Enhancements
• Graphics Dump (for D MP printers) & Text Screen Oump
• ANO MUCH MUCH MORE!
• 500 POKES, PEEKS N EXECS is a prerequisite
UTILITY BONANZA I
Includes 20 best-selected utilities:
• 40 K Disk Basic • Disk Cataloger
• Super Tape-to-Olsk Copy (with Automatic Relocate)
• Disk-to- Tape Copy
• LList Enhancer (with page numbering!)
• Graphics Typesetter (two text sizes!)
• LARGE DMP Graphics Dump
• X-Rel for Basic Programs
• Hidden 32 K (Use the "hidden" 32K from your 64K CoCo)
• Basic Stepper (Super Debugger!)
• RAM Oisk (for Cassette & Oisk Users)
• Single Key Printer Text Screen Oump
AND MUCH. MUCH MORE!!!
DISK (64KReq.) ONLY $29.95
OTHER SOFTWARE...
Telewriter-64 (Cas) $47.95 (Dsk) 57.95
Telelorm: Mail Merge for TW-64® 1 9.95
Telepatch (Dsk) 19.95
CoCo Max (Cas) 67.95
CoCo Max II (Dsk) 77.95
CoCo Max Upgrade (Dsk) 18.95
Pro Color File( Dsk) (includes SIMON) 54.95
Dynacalc (Dsk) 79.95
Autoterm (Cas) 36.95
(Latest Version) (Dsk) 46.95
COCO UTIL II (Latest Version): Transfer
CoCo Disk files to IBM compatible
computer. Transfer MS-DOS files to CoCo.
ONLY $36.95
OISK ANTI-PIRATE: Best copy- protection
program for disk Basic and ML programs.
ONLY $59.95.
HIDE-A-BASIC 1.1: Best copy- protection
program for Cassette Basic programs.
ONLY $24.95.
(Both Disk Anti- Pirate & Hide- A- Basic 1.1
for ONLY $79.95)
CABLES/HARDWARE
UNIVERSAL VIDEO DRIVER: Use your
monochrome or color monitor with your
CoCo (ALL CoCos). Includes audio
connection Easy installation - no
soldering ONLY $29.95
INTRONICS EPROM PROGRAMMER: Best
EPROM Programmer for the CoCo.
Lowest Price Anywhere - $137.95.
RS232 Y CABLE: Hook 2 devices to the
serial port ONLY $18.95.
MICROCOM 2 POSITION SWITCHER:
Select any one of two RS232 devices
(printers/modems) from the serial port
ONLY $29.95.
MICROCOM 3 POSITION SWITCHER:
Select any one of three RS232 devices
(printers/modems) from the serial port
ONLY $34.95.
Y CABLE: Use your Rompak with your
Disk System. ONLY $24.95.
DISKETTES (10): BONUS Brand SS/DD
diskettes for the CoCo. 100% Guaran-
teed. $12/ box.
MJF
MICROCOM SOFTWARE
P.O. Box 21 4
Fairport, N.Y. 14450
Phone (71 6) 223-1477
Our software/ books are available at all leading dealers in USA, Canada and Australia To Order
Order by phone & get a $2 refund for your phone call VISA, MC, Am Ex, Check, MO. Please add $3.00
shipping and handling (USA & CANADA other countries $5.00). COD add $2.50 extra
NYS residents please add Sales Tax. Immediate shipment Dealer inquiries invited.
VISA
24-HOUR ORDER HOT LINE (7 DAYS A WEEK): (716) 223-1477
HARDWARE PREVIEW
Impressions of
the new CoCo 3
By Lonnie Falk
Editor and Publisher
NEW YORK JULY 30 —
After anticipating the new Color
Computer for more than a year, the
finished product is more than well
worth the wait. The new machine is
called a Color Computer 3 (not partic-
ularly surprising) but it might be called
Warp Factor 3 instead.
First, the obvious things. The CoCo
3 general specifications go something
like this:
• 128K RAM standard, upgradable
to 51 2K in one step only.
• 64 different colors, 16 available at
a time.
• Graphics resolution of 640 by 192.
• Standard Microsoft BASIC, Ex-
tended BASIC and Disk basic, with a
number of very fancy enhancements
written by Micro ware Systems Corp.
(the OS-9 people).
• A new keyboard much
the same as
For Lonnie
Falk's editorial
comments on the
CoCo 3, see his
"Print #-2'; col-
umn on Page 12.
18
THE RAINBOW September 1986
the deluxe keyboard now offered (with
a control and alternate key and
two function keys), but with a newly
designed cursor keypad in a diamond
configuration.
• A slightly new color scheme for the
case, using the now-familiar cream
color and a light gray around the edge
of the keyboard.
• A choice of 32, 40 and 80 column
widths with upper- and lowercase and
true descenders.
• Fully compatible with all the soft-
ware you own now. The caveat to that
is software writers cannot have made
undocumented calls to the ROM.
Tandy developed guidelines for soft-
ware developers years ago — if authors
followed those "rules," their software
will work with CoCo 3.
• OS-9 Level II operating system for
a true multi-tasking, multi-using envi-
ronment. More on this later.
• Fully compatible with all the hard-
ware you own now. Just unplug your
disk drive, tape recorder, printer and so
on, replace your present "box" with a
CoCo 3, and plug everything in again.
It all works. (There will be a small
problem running OS-9 with older mod-
els of the Multi-Pak Interface. Tandy
will make the fix for about $6, excluding
installation.)
• A new interface for a new analog
RGB monitor available from Tandy.
The new monitor's color scheme
matches the CoCo 3.
• Retail price: $219.95.
On the surface, these changes are
pretty exciting, but not astounding. Yet
CoCo 3 is an astounding machine. It is
not the changes in the specifications so
much as what has been done with the
specifications that makes the CoCo,
once again, the best possible computer
buy for the home or small business
market, bar none.
An example: Combining the new
analog RGB monitor (a CM-8.by Tan-
dy's designation) and Co Co 3, the
resolution on graphics screens appears
better than that of an MS-DOS
computer. Why? By using analog tech-
nology, the resolution appears to be of
higher quality than it really is. I can see
software writers frothing at the mouth
to get at this stuff.
Another example: The CoCo 3 can
run at about 2 megahertz, unlike the
CoCo and CoCo 2. But, by designing
and building a special chip, called a
G1ME Chip, effective speeds increased
even more. In a quickie benchmark we
performed here, CoCo 3 animation
zapped an IBM PC and a Macintosh.
CoCo 3's bouncing ball demonstration
is faster and smoother than Amiga's or
window (windows mean both programs
are running at the same time and are
displayed on the screen at the same
time). The person on the other end
could be explaining how something
looks and while he is explaining it, you
could be drawing it. Then, to be sure
Tandy has done it again
the Atari ST's.
There are two versions of what the
term "GIME" stands for. I like the one
that says Tandy went out and said they
needed to be able to do this thing, that
thing and so on, so please "Gimme a
chip that'll work." Officially, though,
GIME stands for Graphic Interrupt
Memory Enhancer. Take it either way,
this HT fellow makes CoCo 3 a super
special machine.
I confess to not understanding hard-
ware like the Tony DiStefanos and
Marty Goodmans of the world. And I
you got it right, you could send your
drawing to the telecommunications
program window and it would appear
on the other person's screen. That
person could make some changes and
send it back to you, and so on!
CoCo 3 has, under OS-9 Level II, a
user interface much like the Macintosh,
but far faster and in full color. For the
CoCo 3, OS-9 has become virtually
invisible to the user who wants it that
way — in other words, you can deal
with the applications and programs you
want, and pretty much ignore the
operating system unless
you want to use it.
In short, CoCo 3 is a
new generation of home
and small business com-
puter — fully as revolu-
7
am certain that, over the coming
months, they will be able to tell you a
great deal of technical stuff about it. But
suffice it to say now that this new chip
manages memory through interrupts,
and speeds everything along its way far
more swiftly than the old VDG and
SAM chips (which are not in the CoCo
3) did.
For one thing, GIME makes true
multi-user, multi-tasking possible. It
allows some of the most sophisticated
(and easy-to-use) windowing available
on any computer available today. As an
example, you could be connected
through a modem to someone else with
a CoCo 3 in one window, and have a
graphics drawing program in a second
tionary as the original
Color Computer was five
years ago. Its great ad-
vantage is that it already
has one of the largest
bases of software (and
hardware for that matter)
of any machine on the
market, plus a raft of OS-
9 Level II software which
has been around for some time.
All that aside, where it will shine most
brightly will be when both in-house and
third party software and hardware
people begin writing specific programs
which take advantage of the GIME
chip, the windowing environment and
all the other marvelous features of
CoCo 3.
Even at $600, CoCo 3 would be the
best single home and small business buy
in the world of computers. At $219.95,
it is not only a stupendous machine, but
an immense bargain as well. With the
Color Computer 3, Tandy has moved to
the cutting edge of technology and
made the technology affordable for
virtually everyone. fc\
September 1 986 THE RAINBOW 1 9
TUT0RJA1
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Adventure Cones!
Tand
Does Win
a
THE RAlNffOW Soptomber 1986
ating System. For those of you not
familiar with OS-9, 1 would suggest that
now there is a real reason to develop an
interest in it. Lor those of you familiar
with Level 1 OS-9, you will really enjoy
Level II, l evel II is designed to exploit
the expanded RAM capaeities of the
Color Computer 3, like Level 11 on
other systems. But there is a difference.
Level II OS-9 for CoCo 3 supports
windowing, a feature that, after having
used it, I don't ever want to give up.
i
j
Windows
A window is an area appearing on the
screen that acts just like a regular
display, the main difference being you
can assign more than one window to the
same screen. Lor example, as an appli-
cations programmer, I am constantly
switching between a text editor, an
assembler, the application and a de-
bugger. Anyone who has written assem-
bly language programs knows that this
cycle often repeats, sometimes many
times, resulting in lots of typing and
typing errors.
With windowing, 1 simply place a text
editor window in the upper left-hand
corner^ of the screen, an assembler
window in the upper right-hand corner
of the screen, a debug window in the
lower left-hand corner of the screen,
and finally, an application window in
the lower right-hand corner of the
screen. Lach of these windows now acts
as though 1 have four separate Color
Computers. While the application is
running; I can edit, assemble and debug
all at the same time. Output from any
of the programs appears instantly on
the associated window. To direct input
to a particular program, all I have to do
is press the eu-AR key on the keyboard
until the cursor appears on that win-
dow, then type, OS-9 allows me to
define the size and location of each
window. I can even define a window as
the entire screen, in which case OS-9
switches screens when I want to work
on another.
How does this work? OS-9 is what is
known as a multi-tasking/ multi-user
operating system. This means OS-9 is
designed to allow more than one pro-
gram (called a task) and more than one
user at a time to *>hare the same com-
puting resources. Level II OS-9 for the
CoCo 3 takes this concept one step
lurther by providing more than'one
screen (the window) to accomplish this.
Let's go through the process of creating
a window using the OS-9 Build utility.
Building Your First Window
The Build utility allows us to create
an OS-9 procedure file. A procedure file
is simply a disk file containing a series
of OS-9 commands that OS-9 executes
in order. To create the procedure file, at
the OS-9 prompt, type the following:
i
bui Id uindou
The Build utility responds with a
question mark followed by a space.
Now type the following:
iniz ul
merge sys's tdf onts >/uil
display lb 20 07 00 00 20 0b 00
07 07>/ud
shell
Press FN I FR twice after this last line.
After the last ENTER, the Build utility
returns to OS-9. There is now a proce-
dure file on the disk called Window L To
run the procedure, at the 05-9: prompt
type:
uindowl
OS-9 responds with the symbol
followed by a number. This verifies that
the Window I procedure accomplished
its task. To see what happened, press the
CFFAR key on the keyboard. A new
screen appears with a window in the
upper left-hand corner containing the
OS-9 prompt. This window, with its
shell, allows you to execute OS-9 com-
mands just like the original screen. In
effect, you have two computers. Press
the CLFAR key again, and the original
screen reappears. Let's examine the
procedure file we created and see how
it works.
Under OS-9 Level II, a window is
treated as simply another OS-9 device.
The device name for a window contains
the window descriptor (the l w 1 ) and the
window number (in thhf case I). There-
fore, to talk IB window one the descrip-
tor wl is used.
The first command, Iniz, initializes
wl. This is similar to an Iniz of any
other OS-9 device.
The second command, Merge, tells
OS-9 which character set is to be used
with w I (a variety of character fonts are
now possible with the -Color Computer
3).
The third command, Display, sends
the command sequence to OS-9 that
creates the window. The command
sequence contains 10 bytes describing to
OS-9 the command, type, location, size
and color of the window to create. The
first two bytes following Display are the
create a window command. The third
byte defines the window type; in our
example, a 640 by 1 92 four-color gra-
phics window. The fourth and fifth
bytes decribe the "X' and V character
location of the upper left-hand corner
of the window. The sixth and seventh
bytes define the V X' and k Y' character
size of the window. Finally, the eighth,
ninth and 1 0th bytes describe the lore-
ground, background and border colors
for the window.
The fourth command, Shell, creates
a shell for wl. The shell is what allows
you to execute any of the OS-9 com-
mands or applications.
Building Your Second Window:
A BASIC Approach
To further illustrate, let's create a
second window. However, this time let's
create it using BAStcoy (which, by the
way, is included with the OS-9 Level ll
operating system), and place it on the
same screen that wl occupies, but in the
upper right-hand corner. Press the
Cl.FAR key to display wl, then at the .
□S-9: prompt, type:
Basic09
The BASK09 prompt appears, fol-
lowed by B:. Krom here, type in the
following:
e windou2
shell "iniz uj2"
dim command, path: by te
dim count: integer
data 27,32,0,40,0,32,11.7,0.?
open ttpa th, "/w2" : ur i te
for count = l to 10
read command
put ttpa th , command
next count
shell "shell i^w2&"
end
q
run
A second window appears just to the
right of the first, whose foreground/
background colors are opposite those of
, wl. Now press the CLEAR key. Notice
the cursor on wl disappears, while a
cursor appears on w2. Lach time the
CLEAR key is pressed, the next window
is selected for keyboard input in round
robin fashion.
Tbe BASK' approach appears some-
what different from the procedure file
approach; however, they both accom-
plish the task in a similar manner, The
first line oi the BASK' approach calls the
BASIC09 editor, allowing you to type in
the program. The second line tells
BASIC09 to send the Iniz w2 command
September 1986 THE RAINBOW 21
You'll use it all the time and love using it
What isCoCo Max?
Simply the most incredible graphic
and text creation "system" you have
ever seen, A Hi-Res Input Pack (more
on the pack later) is combined with
high speed machine language
software. The result will dazzle you.
CoCo Max disk system, with Y-cable.
Is CoCo Max for you ?
Anyone who has ever held a pencil or
a crayon for fun, school or business
will love it. A 4 year-old will have fun
doodling, a 15 year-old will do class
projects and adults will play with it for
hours before starting useful
applications (illustrations, cards,
artwork, business graphics, flyers,
charts, memos, etc.) This is one of the
rare packages that will be enjoyed by
the whole family.
What made CoCo Max an
instant success?
First there's nothing to learn, no
syntax to worry about Even a child
who can't read will enjoy CoCo Max.
Its power can be unleashed by simply
pointing and clicking with your
mouse or joystick. With icons and
pull down menus, you control CoCo
Max intuitively; it works the same way
you think.
Don't be misled by this apparent
simplicity. CoCo Max has more power
than you thought possible. Its blinding
speed will astound you.
It lets you work on an area 3,5 times
the size of the window on the screen,
it's so friendly that you will easily
recover from mistakes: The undo
feature lets you revert to your image
prior to the mistake. As usual, it only
takes a single click.
Later, we will tell you about the
"typesetting" capabilities of CoCo
Max II, but first let's glance at a few of %
its graphic creation tools:
With the pencil you can draw free
hand lines, then use the eraser to
make corrections or changes. For
straight lines, the convenient rubber-
banding lets you preview your lines
before they are fixed on your picture.
It's fun and accurate. Lines can be of
any width and made of any color or
texture.
The paint brush, with its 32
selectable brush shapes, will adapt
any job, and make complicated
graphics or calligraphy simple.
For special effects, the spray can is
really fun: 86 standard colors and
textures, all available at a click. It's
like the real thing except the paint
doesn't drip.
CoCo Max will instantly create many
shapes: circles, squares, rectangles
(with or without rounded corners),
ellipses, etc. Shapes can be filled with
any pattern. You can also add
hundreds of custom patterns to the
86 which are included.
The Glyphlcs are 58 small drawings
(symbols, faces, etc.) that can be used
as rubber stamps. They're really great
for enhancing your work without effort.
There is so much more to say, such as
the capability to use CoCo Max
images with your BASIC programs,
the possibility to use CoCo Max's
magic on any standard binary image
file. There are also many advanced
features such as the incredible lasso.
If I a 1 1 Gnodift t on I xtuir
1 — I UlttBKXKG.-:
I — ■■■■■ *2Sikb*:vW
Pulldown menus
Zoom In I
Control Over Your Work
CoCo Max's advanced "tools" let you
take any part of the screen, (text or
picture) and perform many feats:
• You can move it around • Copy
it •Shrink or enlarge it in both
directions • Save it on the electronic
Clipbook • Flip it vertically or
horizontally • Rotate it • Invert
it • Clear it, etc. etc.
All this is done instantly, and you can
always undo it if you don't like the
results.
For detail work, the fat bits (zoom)
feature is great, giving you easy
control over each pixel. '
To top it all, CoCo Max II works in
color, imagine the pictures in this ad
in color. If you own a Radio Shack
CGP-220 or CGP-1 15, you can even
print your work in full color I
Inside the Hi-Res Input Pack
Why a Hi-Res Input Pack ?
Did you know that the CoCo joystick
input port can only access 4096
positions (64x64)? That's less than
1 0% of the Hi-Res screen, which has
491 52 points! (256x1 92). You lose
90% of the potential. The Hi-Res Input
Pack distinguishes each of the 491 52
distinct joystick or mouse positions.
That's the key to CoCo Max's power.
The pack plugs into the rom slot (like
*a rom cartridge). Inside the pack is a
high speed multichannel analog to
digital converter. Your existing
joystick or mouse simply plugs into
the back of the Hi-Res Pack.
Electronic Typesetting...
You'll be impressed with CoCo Max's
capability. Text can be added and
moved around anywhere on the
picture, (You can also rotate, invert
and flip it...) At a click, you can choose
from 1 4 built in fonts each with 1 6
variations. That's over 200 typestyles I
Examples of printouts
Printing Your Creations
There are a dozen ways to print your
work. All are available with a click of
your joystick (or mouse) without
exiting CoCo Max. Your CoCo Max
disk includes drivers for over 30
printers !
All the CoCo Max pictures are un retouched screen shots or printouts (Epson RX-80)
The whole family will enjoy
CoCo Max. Here are a few
examples of the possibilities.
All these pictures are unretouched screen photos
or printouts (on an Epson RX-80).
jettison lUport
no mfljoH ii ews today
Reporters Desperate ™
"T&ty »l»»ri iir Xo n»»i
it |3o4 mti bui hack 1 I
could tost ay jofc if ,oat-
ttifif do«tn I h.pptn quick 1 '
S.porior I.rl Schtaidt it t
fcjrtd *RJ unh.ppy ca.n
"1 ruiir dom cart Thtt io)
>imki Mothinf «y,r hieeini
•round hert " jin Schmi'
Sihuidi t )1 fur ol) nttl't
or ihe cny fcti ofl.n coat
is ro lb, nt.it.otr offic,
Tiihoui • <in|lt fiory Bui
till j Ti#i ii difr.r.m 1C-
sofiiai to Schaidi i to cob-
tidifH coaaniini t trie,
nytoir iusi 10 brook th«
oaidrumi bur I con 1 think
of onyhini otvivortlir tk»t
rouldn ' («i at in trouble
rittor Iia Jtnuon rho*j
Istut lycfuhy (or the an-
Ucfcy cre» Vhtn I *«t *
rtoorttr ve ittytr ht<J ihi>
probitE I ihtnk ihete (uyt
ire the l.ritit bunch of bust
1 v, »y». t..n Miior Itniton
Wbg is this Udg SmUinn?
Lou Schvtri: of SI? C 6th St
vol mforo.d sondty Ihtt
■h« htd von {10 40, the fU»«
Svt.pfl.kti Ste yt|e l-
Life in the fast lana not all
it's cracked up to ba
So 1 You ihiak you »tni 10
|0 into foae fttaoroui field
Itkt Tettviston ?r N.vipiporJ
You think you too would
like to brint in the bit bu<k>
• no rub noiei vith the :tieb-
nli«»> Veil (cr(ti 11 Sutintni
• ntvto.ptr jojni: like fun
! knsv but btfore vou 10 off
hsir- :ocked »r,c ittrt vour
ovn ftper or tav » ! t
tttnon listen ti ihe voice or
r titer)
!■ nkes o lot of money to
run * nevspiptr For titai'lt
I'irtmt even • ptfer
could :o?t over in 930 Beer
AMERICAN
SCHNOIO
CORP!
1985
PROFIT _}
2'4
Pulley
Table
RECORDING
SPRING
MASSES BAIANCE
©Business graphs, charts,
diagrams. Also memos
TIMER: / \
CART
Iran I
stimulating creativity.
Q Fun tor children while
O
Publish a newsletter
or bulletin &
COCO MAI
COCO MOH
COCO NOM
CoCo Atax CoCo flax
CoCo Man CoCo rtax
coc.M« CoCoAtax
mm& CoCo Max
E°E° !E ax OqOo
f oc : m i x Mb 1
€sU max ™rl
Junior's homework
and science projects.
Term papers too I
Video portrait
(with optional 'digitizer).
© T/i/s /$ a cartoon.
I CoCo max ffite
'CoCo max
CoCo Max ®^
coco Max mmmm
Over 200 typestytes to
ftj choose from!
generate flyers.
M 1
A new way to express
your imagination.
CcCoftaxTL
CoCo Max II
schematics
and floor plans
Logos and letterheads.
System Requirements:
Any 64K CoCo and a standard joystick or
mouse. (The koala pad and the track ball work,
but are not recommended.)
Disk systems need a Multi-Pak or our Y-Cable.
CoCo Max is compatible with any Radio Shack
DOS and ADOS.
Note: the tape version of CoCo Max includes
almost all the features of CoCo Max II except
Shrink, Stretch, Rotate, and Glyphics. Also, it
has 5 fonts instead of 1 4.
CoCo Max is not compatible with JDOS.
DoubleDOS, MDOS, OS-9, the X-pad, and
Daisy Wheel Printers.
Printers Supported:
Epson MX, RX, FX and LX series, Gemini, Star,
Micronix, Delta 1 0, 1 0X, 1 5, 1 5X, SG-
10,Okidata 82A, 92, 93, C. Itoh Pro-writer,
Apple Image-writer, Hewlett-Packard Thinkjet,
Radio Shack DMP 100, 105, 110, 120, 200,
400, 500, Line Printer 7, Line Printers, TRP-
100, CGP-220. (DMP-130 use Line Printer 8),
PMC printers, Gorilla Banana.
Color printing: CGP-200, CGP-1 15
Pricing
CoCo Max on tape $69.95
with Hi-Res Pack and manual.
CoCo Max If (disk only)..,,.,.. . , $79.95
with Hi-Res Pack and manual
Upgrade: CoCo Max to CoCo Max II
New disk and manual. i* «.$ 1 9*95
New features of CoCo Max II: 1 4 fonts and glyphic
font, dynamic shrink and stretch, rotate, multiple drive
capability, 68 page scrapbook, point and click file
load, color printer drivers, full error reporting.
Upgrade: CoCo Max tape to disk
manuals, disk and binder $24.95
Y-Cable: Special Price. . ....... . . $19.95
Super Picture Disks #1 , #2 t and #3
each: $14.95
All three picture disks , , $29.95
Guaranteed Satisfaction
Use CoCo Max for a full month.
If you are not delighted with it,
we will refund every penny*
Font Editor Option
A font is a set of characters of a
particular style. CoCo Max includes
1 5 fonts. You can create new fonts of
letters, or even symbols or graphics
with the font editor. Examples: set of
symbols for electronics, foreign
alphabets, etc ,,,,,, , . ... $1 9.95
Video Digitizer DS-69
This new Low Cost Digitizer is the
next step in sophistication for your
CoCo Max system. With the DS-69 '
you will be able to digitize and bring
into CoCo Max a frame from any video
source: VCR, tuner, or video camera.
Comes complete with detailed
manual and C-SEE software on disk.
Multi-Pak is required.
New Low Price Save $50 $99.95
New: faster DS-69A. . .. $149.95
Colorware Incorporated
COLORWARE ™-04A Jamaica Avenue
Woodhaven, NY 11421
800 221-0916
Orders only.
NY & Info: (71 8) 296-591 6
Hours: 9-5 Eastern time.
Add S3. 00 per order tor shipping.
We accept Visa, MC, checks, M.O.
C. Q. D. add S3. 00 extra. ltlvvvV |
NYandCT: add safes tax. jpj "
Shipping to Canada is SS.00
Overseas, FPO, APO add 10%
—
to OS-9, the miihc as Iniz wl of the
procedure file nipproach. The ihird and
fourth lines define the variable types to
be used in the program (a requirement
of HASic W. The tilth line is a DRTR
statement containing the command
sequence that crcsilcs the window. The
sixth line it pens a path allowing BASIC
to eommuniease with window two, The
seventh, eighth, ninth and i()th lines are
a FOR'NEXT loop, reading data from the
DRTR stale i ne n I and sending it through
the path to window (wo. The 1 1th line
creates a shell on window two. The 12th
line ends the program, The 13th and
1 4th lines exit the BASK 09 editor and
run the piny La in.
rutting Windows to Work
It is important to realize that even
though a vvinduvv is not seleeted for
keyboard inpui. the program on it is still
running. To ilhi^nue, let's put the two
windows we have created to work. We
will make window one (wl ) a clock that
displays date and lime continuously.
Then, on uuulow two (w2) we'll illus-
trate another windowing concept.
Press the ( I ! AR key on the keyboard
until the cursor appears on wl. Then
from the basici^B: prompt, type:
J
l< i 1 I u indoui2
e c J qcI<
dim i lme: b i. r i ng
print. chr$( 12)
10 if daleti-time then goto 10
e J se
Lime-dat e?S
print chr$( 1 )
pr i nt t i me
end i f
goto 1 0
q
run
A bask (W program called (lock is
now running on w I , displaying the time.
Now press the CM AK key. Notice that
I he cursor moved to w2, but the clock
nnnirijun on wl is still running. This is
nil example of how multi-tasking,
multi-user and, of course, windowing
really shine. W2 is now available to
write another program, run a game, or
whatever, while wl continues to run the
clock! Another pins from the OS-9:
prompt on w2, type:
Now you have both wl and w2 avail-
able for BASK programs, but the real
plus is both wl and w2 share the same
24 THE RAINBOW September 1986
copy of BASK 09. No need for a second
copy. The design of OS-9 allows pro-
grams to be re-entrant, essentially
meaning that the same program can be
used by more than one person at the
same time, providing big savings in
memory.
The Overlay Window
The windowing system provides a
second type of window, the overlay
window, which does what the name
suggests. An overlay window overlays
an existing device window (windows w 1
and w2 that we previously created are
device windows). Overlay windows are
useful when an application needs to
prompt the user for input, display menu
selections, announce messages and so
forth, because they can be designed to
really attract the user's attention.
Creating an overlay window is rela-
tively simple. So while our clock is
running on wl, we will use BASlcoy on
w2 to create our first overlay window.
From the BASIUW B: prompt on w2,
type: ^ j
e overlay
dim count : in teger
dim command , pa th : by te
data 27,34,1,2,2,12,4,0,7
open 8pa th , 'V w 2 " r : ur i te
for count = l to 9
read command
put ttpa th , command
next count
print * this is an"
print " overlay"
print * window"
10 goto 10
end
q
run
The program creates an overlay win-
dow on window two with the message
thLs is an overlay window. The
program is similar to the window two
program we wrote earlier. However, the
data in the DRTR sequence contains nine
bytes. The first two bytes are the create
an overlay window command. T he third
byte tells OS-9 to save the area under
the overlay window, and restore it after
we are finished with it (we will see this
in a moment). The fourth and fifth bytes
are the 'X 1 and "Y* location of the upper
left- hand corner of the overlay window
in relation to the device window (w2).
The sixth and seventh bytes are the
and k Y' size of the overlay window. The
eighth and ninth byt es are the lore-
ground and background colors respec-
tively.
Notice in the basic program, Line 10
calls itself. This was to stop the program
before the END statement was encoun-
tered. Now press the BRJ-AK key. The
program is stopped, but all output to
window two is still appearing within the
overlay window. For example, let's list
the overlay window program using the
BASK09 list function. From the B:
prompt type:
list ouer I ay
The overlay window program is listed
in the overlay window. When you create
an overlay window, all subsequent
output to the device window containing
the overlay window will appear in the
overlay window. The overlay window
must be turned off with the turn off
overlay window command. To send the
turn off command from BASlt'09 at the
B: prompt, type:
$displaylb23
Notice that OS-9 restored the original
image that was under the overlay win-
dow. This is because in the create an
overlay window command we told OS-
9 to save the area under the overlay
window by setting the third byte of the
command sequence to a value of one.
If you set this value to zero, OS-9 will
not save the area under the overlay
window, and thus will not restore the
area when the overlay window is turned
off.
Implications
Imagine using your Color Computer
3 as a home security system, and at the
same time typing a letter to a friend or
business associate. Meanwhile a large c
language program is compiling, and a
telecom program is downloading the
latest stock quotes from an online
information service, all at the same
time, all on the same screen, and all
without ever having to disable the home
security system.
Sound impossible? The Tandy Color
Computer 3 teamed with Micro ware's
Level I! OS-9 and the Windowing
System is designed for easy implemen-
tation of just such an environment. As
we have illustrated, it is not just a fancy
display package, it is a powerful tool for
both user and programmer, providing
the real benefits of a multi-tasking/
multi-user operating system in a
manner that doesn't require an assem-
bly language applications programmer
to implement. /E\
What will you do with it ?
An A- BUS system with 2 Motherboards and 9 Cards.
SHEILA wanted to set up a variety of experi-
ments in her lab. With an A-BUS, the computer
can watch the mice instead of Sheila.
HARRY has a model railroad layout that he wished
to automate. Now his home computer controls the engine^
gates, signals, etc. through the A-BUS.
BOB tests electrical fixtures as they leave the assembly line. H_
develops test equipment quickly with inexpensive, off-the-shelf,
and easy to use A-BUS cards.
But what's an A-BUS ? It's the easiest way to connect a variety of
cards that sense and control anything outside the computer. With
the A-BUS, your CoCo becomes an incredible machine.
What would I need? First, an A-BUS Adapter to convert your
computer bus to the A-BUS standard. Then a Cable (with one or two
slots) to connect one or two A-BUS Cards. If you need more than
two cards, the cable will be connected instead to the A-BUS
Motherboard, which has five slots. Up to five motherboards can be
chained. Finally, add you choice of A-BUS Cards tofit your project.
I'm not an engineer. Can I use the A-BUS ? If you can wire a
switch, you can use the A-BUS. No computer hardware knowledge
is needed ! A screwdriver is all you need for many projects.
What about software? Simple PEEK and POKE commands con-
trol the whole system, whether you read the time on the clock,
switch the relays, take a temperature reading, or turn a motor.
What if I change computers ? Incredibly, this is as simple as
replacing the inexpensive adapter card.
A-BUS Adapters
CoCo to A-BUS Adapter AR-1 38: $49
Works with ail CoCo's. Plugs into rom slot or Muitipak.
Disk systems without Muitipak need Y-cable ($19.95)
A-BUS adapter for. AApple II, II+, lie. AR-1 34...S49
IBM PC, XT, AT and all compatibles.
TRS-80 Models 1 00, 200.
TRS-80 Mod 3,4,4D. Fits 50 pin I/O bus.
TRS-80 Model 4 P. Includes extracable.
TRS-80 Model I. Plugs into40 pin I/O bus
AR-1 33... $69
AR-135...S69
AR-1 32. ..$49
AR-137...$62
AR-1 31. ..$39
A-BUS Motherboard mb-1 20: $99
Will accomodate five A-BUS cards. A sixth connector
allows a second motherboard to be added to the first
(with connecting cable CA-161 ...$1 2). Up to five
motherboards can be joined this way to a single
adapter. The motherboard is mounted on a sturdy
aluminum frame with card guides.
A-BUS Cable (3 ft.) ca-163: $29
Connects Adapter to 1 A-BUS card or Motherboard.
Special Cable fortwo A-BUS cards CA-162...$39
Relay Card re-140:$129
8 industrial relays on board. Contacts are rated at 3
amps. You can control up to 64 cards (512 relays)
using several motherboards. Jumpers are used to
simply select the card address. The card is easily
controlled in BASIC with "OUT* or "POKE". For
example, OUT 1 ,0 turns all the relays off on card # 1 .
Eight LED's show which relays are on.
Digital Input Card in-141: $49
Ifs safe and easy to connect and read switches,
keypads, thermostats, alarm loops, etc. The eight
inputs can monitor the presence of voltage or switch
position. Simple INP or PEEK commands read the
status (On or Off) of the inputs. Each input is optically
isolated for convenience and safety.
Analog Input Card AD-142:$119
With this 8 bit, 8 channel A/D converter, your comp-
uter can read voltages, temperatures, pressures,
light levels, etc. Take over 1 00 readings per second
in BASIC (several thousand with machine language).
It's simple to use, for example: OUT 1,3 selects
channel #3, then A=INP(1 ) reads the voltageon that
channel. Input range: 0 to 5.1V. Resolution: 20mV.
Conversion time 1 20us.
Prototyping Card pr-1 52: $1 5
Protocard is 3 1 /2 by 4Vfc In. and accepts up to 1 0 IC's.
1 2 Bit A/D Converter an-1 46:$1 09
This high performance analog to digital converter
features accuracy to 0.025%, 130ms conversion
time, sign and over range indication. The basic input
range is —5 to +5 volts, with 1.2mV resolution, but
the gain of the on-board amplifier can be set to
measure microvolts. Ideal for a strain gauge, thermo-
couple, pH meter, etc.
Motor Controller st-143:$69
Stepper Motors are the ultimate in motion control.
The special package (below) includes everything
you need to get familiar with stepper motors: Each
controller card drives two stepper motors (1 2V,
bidirectional, 4 phase).
Motor 48 steps/revolution, 300 steps/second, W
shaft: MO-103...S15. Power supply: PS-126...$10
Special Package: the controller card, two stepper
motors, and power supply: PA-1 81 ...$99
Clock with Alarm CL-144:$89
Ifs the most powerful clock/calendar available. The
features: • 5 second/month accuracy. • Keeps
time, date, and alarm for 5 years (even with computer
off). • Can time events down to 1/100 second.
• Periodic "chime". • Full time and date alarm.
• Four alarm outputs: Computer, LED, Buzier, and
Reed Relay. • Easy to use,: for example H=INP(1)
reads the hours, Y=INP(6) reads the year, etc.
Latest Developments
Voice Synthesizer
1 5 Bit Analog to Digital Converter
Intelligent Stepper Motor Controller
Digital to Analog Converter
LCD Display (one and two line)
Touch Tone® Decoder
Counter Timer
24 Line TTL Input/Output
VS-1 53
AD-155
ST-154
DA-1 47
LD-151
PH-145
CT-154
DT-148
— i n m
£S ine 800 221-0916
Info and NY orders: (71 8) 296-591 6
Technical info: (203) 656*1806
All lines open weekdays 9 to 5 NY time.
Add $3.00 per order tor shipping.
We accept Visa. MC, checks, M.O.
CO D add $3.00 extra.
N.Y. residents add sales tax.
Shipping to Canada is $5.00
Overseas, FPO, APOadd 10%
COLORWARE
Colorware Inc
79-04 Jamaica Ave
Woodhaven, NY 11421
COMMENTARY
Aft
1
J
El
J i
J LJ jWtt
HI
By
Steve
Bjork
ile I was writing this article
ibout the new Color Compu-
ter 3, 1 realized that the CoCo
has been the same basic computer for
over six years! In this day of ever-
changing computers, that's a long time.
True, Tandy repackaged our lovable
little CoCo (called the Color Computer
2), but with no real hardware or soft-
ware changes.
Programmers have learned how to
push the Color Computer to its outer
limits. But with the old CoCo hardware,
we just can't break any new ground.
That's why Tandy is introducing the
Color Computer 3.
Steve Bjork has been a programmer for
over 15 years. In his association with
Datasoft he has authored such pro-
grams as Zaxxon, Sands of Egypt and
Mega-Bug. He now handles product
development for his own company,
SRB Software, He is one of the people
chosen by Tandy to write programs for
the new Color Computer 3,
The new Color Computer 3 is on the
cutting edge of technology. The power
of Color Computer 3 is gained by using
a new custom chip called the GIME
(Graphics Interrupt Memory Enhance-
ment) in place of the older SAM and
VDG chips. This new chip allows up to
512K of memory controlled by a Mem-
ory Management Unit (MMU for
short), and a 640 by 225 super Hi-Res
graphics screen at twice the old Color
Computer speed. Using the analog
RGB monitor, 225 scan lines are the;
maximum supported; however, new
software must be written to take advan-
tage of it. Radio Shack only supports
192 scan lines for use with TV viewing
devices. Not bad for one chip!
But how can these hardware changes
help the programmer? Take a look at
graphics game called Marble Maze,
Before, it was just a little too slow. But
with twice the speed on the new CoCo,
it is at the right pace and I am having
a grand old time playing it! Soon we will
see programs on this new computer that
would have been too slow before.
The new text display modes are going
to be a real help to programmers.
Before, the text screen had only 16 lines
of 32 characters each and no true low-
ercase. On the CoCo 3 the text display
mode has 24 lines and up to 80 charac-
ters per line. Not only has lowercase
been added, but also underlining and
blinking attributes , for each character
on the screen. Because this is a color
computer, the attributes also include
eight foreground colors and eight back-
ground colors for each character.
With these additions, it is very easy
to write a word processor that not only
shows more of the text, but also shows
any spelling errors by highlighting them
in red lettering.
For a graphics programmer, the new
graphic modes of the Color Computer
3 are a dream come true. Not only do
we have about four times the dot reso-
lution, but up to 16 colors on the screen
at one time. On the ofd Color Computer
there was a maximum of four colors
with the colors never changing in that
mode. The Color Computer 3 has up to
16 colors per screen with 64 colors to
choose from. When a dot is placed on
the screen only the color register (or
palette) is selected. The color register
holds the true color to be displayed. If
a programmer wants to change all the
red on the screen to yellow, all he needs
to do is change that palette from the red
to the yellow color code.
Let's use a picture of the New York
sky line at day for example. By changing
a few color registers this daytime scene
slowly changes to one of dusk, then to
a nightime scene with twinkling stars.
All of this done by a BASIC program
using the palette command!
One problem with a higher resolution
display mode is it can take up to 32K
of memory to display one screen. In just
using two graphics screens all 64K of
memory the 6809 can address would be
used up. This is where the Memory
Management Unit comes into play.
Only one graphics screen needs to be
addressed by the 6809 at one time, so
the MMU is programmed to select one
screen and place it in the 6809 address
range.
The new BASIC: ROM in the Color
Computer 3 takes this one step further.
The new higher resolution display
modes do not use any of the basic
program space as did the older Color
Computer's graphics modes. This gives
26 THE RAINBOW September 1986
the BASIC programmer about 27K of
memory (after doing a PCLEAR 1) for
programs and variables, while still using
a maximum size graphics screen of 32K!
A Programmer's Dream: OS-9
on the Color Computer 3
Tandy did not stop at hardware when
they were improving the Color Compu-
ter; it takes software to run any compu-
ter. A more powerful and upward com-
patible version of OS-9 called Level II
is the real key to the power of the Color
Computer 3, This OS-9 Level II is able
to give each program up to 63. 5 It of
memory to work in. That is a lot work-
space on a 512K system! On the old
Color Computer there was only 35K to
40K to work with.
With OS-9 being a multi-tasking/
multi-user operating system it would be
kind of nice to use one screen -lor
compiling a program while using
another for editing a different program.
By adding the Multi-View windowing
system, it is as easy as pressing the
CLEAR key to move from window to
window. In one window you could be
editing a program, then in the next
window be running a test version of the
program, and have all debug data in yet
another window.
Each window can be in textor graph-
ics modes and can take up all or only
part of each screen. You can even put
several windows on the same screen as
long as they don't overlap.
If that is not enough to get a pro-
grammer drooling, there is a full point-
and-click interface with drop-down
menus built into the Multi-View pack-
age. A full set of graphics drawing
commands like LINE, BOX, FILL, CIR
CLE, EL IPSE and GET/PUT buffers are
included to round out the package.
The Multi-View package holds most
of what a programmer needs to do
programs like the CoCo Max, As a
matter of fact, this package already has
about 80 percent of the code that Tim
used in that landmark program for the
older Color Computers. It will not be
long before we see many top of the line
drawing programs under OS-9.
This is one programmer's view of the
Color Computer 3. It has a lot of what
we've been asking Tandy for in the way
of power. So, I better get back to work;
I have a few programs to develop that
will knock your socks off! /£\
What's an Analog RGB Monitor Anyway?
By Ed Ellers
The Color Computer has had an RF
output ever since its inception way back
in 1980. This means the CoCo can be
used with a standard TV set instead of a special
monitor, and also that the display quality is
affected by the limitations of TV (which were
never intended for computer displays anyway).
Many CoCo buyers have added video output
jacks to their computers in order to use mon-
itors.
Now, we have the (Solor Computer 3 4iiid it
has the same TV jack on the back panel along
with the Channel 3|4 switch, so it still works
with home TV sets. Tandy has also added video
and audio output jacks to allow a factory-
approved connection to a monitor (or to a
VCR). It sounds like the answer to a bleary-eyed
hacker's dream but wait! On the bottom
there's a strange seven-pin socket. What for? It
turns out that Tandy has introduced a new 13-
inch analog RGB monitor — the CM-8 — that
displays the CoCo 3's text and graphics much
more clearly than a composite monitor can.
RF Output
The R F output is the TO TvouLpuL LMt feeds
into your TV set on Channel 3 or 4; the signal
is much the same as what you would receive
from a broadcast station or cable. The problem
with this isn't so much that the RF modulator
inside the computer is distorting the signal, but
that the tuner and especially the IF amplifier in
most TV sets do terrible things to the incoming
signal in the process of changing it back into raw
video. If you were to use an oscilloscope to look
at the signal going into the video amplifier stages
of your TV set and compare this with what goes
into the modulator of your CoCo, you'd be
surprised that the picture you see looks as good
as it does.
Many newer TV sets have improved circuitry
that gives a flatter frequency response and
causes less signal distortion, but using an RF
hookup is still a roundabout way to do it and
far from ideal. That's why the more expensive
color TV sets nowadays have video input jacks
for better pictures from VCRs, videodisc players
and satellite receivers; more to the point, it's also
why many CoCo users have ignored the RF
output in search of something better.
Composite Video
Composite video is the output from a TV
camera or from the VIDEO OUT jack on a
VCR; it's also what you get from a monitor
adapter board for a CoCo, and from the video
output on the CoCo 3. Composite means the
signal includes horizontal and vertical syn-
chronizing pulses and blanking pulses as well as
video; it's the same as the signal that goes into
the RF modulator in the CoCo (or into the TV
station's transmitter). In black and white, a
composite signal carries a lot more detail than
an RF signal does, and with a good mono-
chrome monitor (which can be black and white^
but is more often green or amber) you get very
clear text and graphics.
However, a composite color signal has many
of the same problems that the RF method had.
To squeeze three colors, which logically would
take up as much space as three black and white
signals, into the space of one TV channel and
still have a useful black and white picture at the
same time, color TV systems create a black and
white signal from the three colors and then
create a subcarrier to carry the added color
information. The subcarrier can't handle as
much detail as is present in the monochrome
"luminance" signal; this works out reasonably
well for regular TV viewing, but definitely
doesn't when you're looking at Hi-Res graphics
at close range.
There are also various imperfections in the
process of separating the subcarrier from the
luminance signal (we'll get to one of them later).
With the Color Computer 3 there's a better way.
Analog RGB
RGB simply stands for red, green and blue,
the three primary colors of color TV and
computer displays. This method involves send-
ing each color signal to the monitor over its own
wire in the monitor cable. The signals are never
mixed together, so there's no problem In
separating them, and since the signals are only
traveling a few feet there's no problem with band
width.
This is the ideal way to display color graphics,
but you do need the red, green and blue signals
coming from the computer and a monitor that
can handle them. The output is taken care of by
the new GIME chip in the CoCo 3; the monitor
is Tandy's new CM-8, which, at $299, is quite
a bit less expensive than the analog RGB
monitors sold for use with Commodore's Amiga
and the Atari ST series computers.
"Analog" means the voltage fed to the mon-
itor varies with the signal level for each color.
In a digital RGB monitor, such as the ones used
with the Tandy 1000 and the IBM PC, the red,
green and blue signals simply go on and off. A
digital RGB monitor generally only shows
sixteen colors with four signal lines; the colors
available with analog RGB monitors are limited
only by the computer.
The CoCo 3 and the CM-8 monitor provide
the best picture quality the CoCo has ever had
and this benefit is realized even with existing
CoCo programs running on the CoCo 3. Com-
paring the CM-8 with what you get on a normal
TV is like comparing night to day. However,
there are some minor idiosyncracies in the CoCo
3's RGB output. One is the lack of artifact colors
in PMODE A graphics intended to run on previous
CoCos. These red and blue colors were caused
by the dots in the display being misinterpreted
by the TV or monitor's color circuits; this
confusion just doesnt happen with RGB dis-
plays, so the dot patterns are now seen as dots
instead of colors.
Also, for some reason the colors that the
CoCo 3 provides are seen differently on the
RGB monitor than they are On TV sets and
composite monitors. Because of this, Extended
BASIC includes the PALETTE RGB and PRLETTE
CMP (composite) commands that can be used to
switch from one mode to the other. (The pictures
of CoCo 3 graphics shown in this issue were
taken from the CM-8 monitor, but the program
was configured for composite monitors.)
The CM-8 monitor shows all the high-quality
text and graphics the Color Computer 3 is
capable of providing. However, those who want
to use color composite monitors or TV sets with
the new computer can do so, just as they did with
previous CoCos. The CM-8 monitor can be
added at any time. /^\
September 1986 THE RAINBOW 27
□ISTD
SUPER CONTROLLER
RAINBOW
55
A.
A. >S
LA
ILY $99.95
A
A
i.A
4
;<« ..Cn<;
IJJ"" '
i H
WD1773-PH
00-01 8522
FEATURES: ^p. ^
• Gold cEjntaGts oia all connectors.
• Shielded metal box for low RF notee.
• 4 28-pin sockets tor software eipandeblllty.
• Uses 2764 orZ7128 EPROMS,
• EPROMS are software selectable
• Internal Mini Expansion Bus interface tor;
^^80 Columns
RTIMF
^Pk Sn
4
- Real Time Clock ai
- Parallel Primer or
ock and/or
- EPfiDfYt Programmer or
- User Projects. ^^Al
Complete Radto Shack compatibility.
New lechrKilogy, no adjustments needed.
Very Accurate 1 Bmhz High Speed Master Clock.
* Very
■■
■rib 1 <^
[s needed. \ ^\
;(| Master Clock.^r \
all COCOs or COCO Hs, ^£
RTIME
The second is a Real Time Cluck. This is a clock chip that will
keep the proper time, date and year. A small battery keeps the
time when the Computer is off, retreive and set Ihe time by using
simple Basic POKES. Also available with the Real Time Clock
is the optional Centronics Compatible Parallel Printer adapter,
Software to set the clock and printer driver included.
MPR OM , A ^^^X.^
MPROM _
The third is a Mini EPROM Programme Yes, a low cost
programmer that attaches to the disk controller. A must foi the
DISTO Super Controller. Program thoM often used utilities
into EPROM and plug them directly inteyour controller. Will
program 2764 s or 27128 s, a perfect mate for the OtSTO Supei
Controller.
DISPLAY80
is a
• Needs i 5 volts only, works on all COCOs or COCO Us .
EXPANSION ADD-ONS:
Ttiere are currently lour add-ons available from DiSTO for
this sonl roller; ~4
The fourth is a real knack-out This is a three in one card. If:
major function is to add an Q0 != 24 display to your computer.
A leal Lire packed package also includes HTtME and PPRINT.
All in one neat package that fits inside the controller.
0S9 software available. Call for more information.
TT""I« I
The first is a Centronics Compatible Parallel Printer adapter.
This adapter will allow you to connect a Centronics compatible
printer diredly to your controller, leaving the serial pert ot your
computer tree for your modem. Printer driver software fntlurieii.
ware available
CREDITS: X.<^\
Tlio DiSTO Super CoMrtiHer, adiJ-mis and all tts documentation are conceived
and designed by To-ny PtaUtrano The DISTO Super Controller and add-ons are
information.
manijf atmred and distributed Irft C. RX. COMPUTER INC
irtBQfc La [tun esse, Moolreal , Quiih.ec, Canada H3L 2EH 1-51 4-3B3-52S3.
UI5T0 and CRC Computers are n-gisrensd trade marks. The DISTO Super
Cnrvirftlipr and add-ons are copywjil^el DISTO. jr
New Commands Increase
CoCo 3's Power
A standing-room-only crowd of about 300 was on hand in the
Astor Salon of New York's Waldorf-Astoria Hotel, July 30,
for Tandy's unveiling of five new computers, three printers
and two new software products.
The announcement we'd been waiting for was the new CoCo 3.
And, we were assured that with more than a million Color
Computers out there already, Tandy fully intends to keep supporting
our favorite machine. When you power up the new CoCo 3, you'll
witness a whole new ball game!
The basic in the new machine is Microsoft Extended basic with
enhancements by Microware. Upon turning the power on, all ROM
is copied into RAM. This includes the disk controller ROM. This
means you must have Disk Extended basic 1.0 or 1.1 in your
controller. It also means that any programs that use the 96K method
of switching ROMs in and out will not operate correctly on the
Color Computer 3.
All this aside, we have had a chance to use the new Color
Computer for a short period of time and thought you might be
interested in some of the commands added to the system.
The new Hi- Res (320 by 192 and 640 by 192) graphics do not use
up any memory in the basic memory area. They are controlled with
the following new commands: HBUFF, HCIRCLE, HCLS, HCOLOR,
HDRAW, HPDINT, HGET, HLINE, HPRINT, HPUT, HRESET, H5CREEN
and H5ET. Text is allowed on the graphics screens and is controlled
with HPRINT, HSTflT and LDCRTE. Also, you can select the 32-, 40-
or 80-column text-screen with NIDTH.
You may choose from 64 colors on the new Color Computer 3.
These are selected and manipulated with RTTR, PRLETTE and the
standard CL5.
New error trapping as well as break trapping commands are
present: ON BRK GOTO, ON ERR GOTO, ERLIN and ERNO.
What we now know as "the 64K" is located in the memory map
of the Color Computer 3 in locations $70000 to S7FFFF. To access
other memory locations, the LPOKE and LPEEK commands have been
added. What this means is that PEEI<(0) returns a value from the
same memory location as LPEEK ( $70000 ) . LPEEK and LPOKE allow
us to access memory locations outside the "normal" 64K address
space.
Finally, the Color Computer 3 software allows proper reading of
both buttons on the Radio Shack Deluxe joysticks. The BUTTON
function can be used to read each of four buttons (two on each of
the left and right joysticks).
Keep in mind that these added commands do not replace the
command set in the existing Extended basic. Rather, they
complement it and allow for greater control of the Color Computer
3's new power and capabilities. /R\
CoCo Cat
J8\
MicroWorld
3
230 Moorestown Rd. Wind Gap, PA 18091
(215) 759-7662
Call or write for Price List
LOW PRICES ON 100%
Radio Shack Equipment
(with full warranty)
New Slimline Drive 0 $235.00
Slimline Drive 0 & 1 installed $399.00
Prices subject to change!
Prices include shipping!
64K Extended $145.00
Sakata 13" Monitor $180.00
With monitor driver $210.00
Multipack Interface $ 70.00
DMP-105 $159.00
DMP-130 $275.00
Diskettes, any quantity, lifetime warranty $ 1.50
Tandy 1000 $695.00
Quantities are limited!
10% off Computerware
10% off all Radio Shack Sale Items
15% off Radio Shack Hardware
20% off all Radio Shack Software
September 1986 THE RAINBOW 29
The CoCo 3 is unveiled to a packed house of news media representatives by Tandy Chairman John Roach in the Waldorf-
Astoria Hotel in New York.
^ery impressive. This is an excellent,
important upgrade to the CoCo. It will
breathe new life into the CoCo Com-
munity. With the new graphics capabil-
ity, software developers for rival ma-
— Jeff Parker
Lonnie Falk and Micro-
soft Chairman Bill Gates
compare notes after the
news con Terence.
Tandy's Mark Sie-
ge! (above left)
chats with RAIN-
BOW columnist
Dale Puckett while
(left) John Roach
and Lonnie Falk
both are pleased
with media reac-
tion to CoCo 3,
Tandy staff (from left) Mark Siegel, Barry Thompson and Tana Grubb listen
as CoCo 3 makes its debut.
30 THE RAINBOW September 1986
"The resolution of the graphics screen is superb
and the high-quality CM -8 color monitor is
super! As a professional visual communicator, I
think the possibilities are unlimited for the prep-
aration of color transparencies for business pres-
entations. "
— Dale Puckett
Tandy's Mark Yamagata and Lonnie Falk go over CoCo 3
details.
"/ am impressed! I ex-
pected better graphics,
but not this good; I ex-
pected more speed, but
not this fast! I estimate
the CoCo 3 will beat
any IBM compatible by
about 30 percent in exe-
cution time. "
— Bruce Warner
MOTD Editor Bruce Warner, CompuServe's Sandy Trevor and OS-9 Users Group President Brian Lantz
listen to Tandy's Barry Thompson.
s
"An exceptional ma-
chine and an excep-
tional value. "
— Brian Lantz
"Are We Having Fun Yet?" Mark Siegel, Lonnie Falk and
Barry Thompson confer minutes before CoCo 3's debut.
"The speed, ^r£^^^ power
are stunning!"
— Bob Rosen
RAINBOW Managing Editor Jim Reed gets some CoCo 3 "hands on" while Tandy's
Barry Thompson watches.
September 1 986 THE RAINBOW 31
XTERM
OS-9 Communications program.
■ Menu oriented
* Upload/download. Ascii
or XMODEM protocol
• Execute OS-9 commands
from within XTERM
• Definable macro keys
• Works with standard serial port, RS232
PAK, or PBJ 2SP Pack, Includes all driven.
• Works with standard screen. XSCREEN, or
WORDPAK 80 column board.
$49.95 with source $89.95
XMENU
Creates a menu driven environment for OS-9.
Create your own menus " Worics with slandard k™**
y XSCREEN, WORDPAK, O-PAK
$29.95 with sourcc$59.95
XSCREEN
OS-9 hi-res screen
• 5 1/64/85 chars per line • Easy menu operation
$19.95 with source $39.95
XDIR & XCAL
Hierarchial directory OS-9 calculator
• Full sorting • Decimal, Hex, Binary
- Complete pattern matching • +, -, * /, AND.OR, XOR, NOT
$24.95 with source $49.95
XDIS
OS-9 disassembler
$34.95 with source $54.95
XWORD
OS-9 word processing system
Works with standard text screen, XSCREEN, WORDPAK, or O-PAK
True character oriented full screen editing
Full block commands
Find and Replace commands
Execute OS-9 commands from within
Proportional spacing supported
Full printer control, character size, emphasized, italics,
overs trike, underline, super/sub-scripts
10 header/footers
Page numbering in decimal or Roman numerals
Margins and headers can be set different for even and odd pages
$69.95 withsource$124.95
XMERGE
Mail merge capabilities for XWORD
$24.95 with source $49. 95
XSPELL
OS-9 spelling checker, with 20000 and 4
$39.95
word dictionaries
XTRIO
XWORD/XMERGE/XSPELL
$114.95 with XWORD/XMERGEsoure«1 99.95
XED
OS-9 full screen editor
$39.95 with source $79.95
SMALL BUSINESS ACCOUNTING
This sales-based accounting package is designed
for the non-accounting oriented businessman. It
also contains the flexibility for the accounting ori-
ented user to set up a double entry journal with an
almost unlimited chart of accounts. Includes Sales
Entry, transaction driven Accounts Receivable and
Accounts Payable, Journal Entry, Payroll Disburse-
ment, and Record Maintenance programs. System
outputs include Balance Sheet, Income Statement,
Customer and Vendor status Reports, Accounts
Receivable and Payable Aging Reports, Check Reg-
ister, Sales Reports, Account Status Lists, and a
Journal Posting list. $79.95
INVENTORY CONTROL/SALES ANALYSIS
This module is designed to handle inventory control,
with user defined product codes, and produce a detailed
analysis of the business' sales and the sales force. One
may cVtfci/update inventory data, enter sales, run five
sales analysis reports, run five inventory reports, set up
product codes, enter /update salesman records, and
update the SBAP inventory. $59 95
PAYROLL
Designed for maintaining personnel and payroll
data for up to 200 hourly and salaried employees
with 8 deductions each. Calculates payroll and tax
amounts, prints checks and maintains year-to-date
totals which can be automatically transferred to the
SBA package. Computes each pay period's totals
for straight time, overtime and bonus pay and det-
ermines taxes to be withheld. Additional outputs
include mailing list, listing of employees, year-to-
date federal and/or state tax listing, and a listing of
current misc. deductions. Suited for use in all states
except Oklahoma and Delaware. $59.95
These tffdgra^
driven* Sample transactions areincluded. Each
package features a hi-res screen, Each requires
a primer, a minimurn of i32k and at least 1 disk
ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE
Includes detailed audit trails and history reports
for each customer, prepares invoices and monthly
statements, mailing labels, aging lists, and an alpha-
betized customer listing. The user can define net
terms for commercial accounts or finance charges
for revolving accounts. This package functions as a
standalone A/R system or integrates with the Small
Business Accounting package. $59 95
ACCOUNTS PAYABLE
Designed for the maintenance of vendor and A/P
invoice files. The system prints checks, voids
checks, cancels checks, deletes cancelled checks,
and deletes paid A/P invoices. The user can run a
Vendor List, Vendor Status report, Vendor Aged
report, and an A/P Check Register. This package
can be used either as a standalone A/P system or
be integrated with the Small Business
can
Accounting Package.
$59.95
MICROTECH
CONSULTANTS
I INI w V st - Paul > W^M^M$BS§
P$mkr Jnquiri0M /nvftaf
: :;j :j: y&S-9 / is iradtmark of Miei
Ordering Information
Add $3.00 shipping & handling, MN residents add 6% sales tax.
Visa, Mastercard, COD (add $2.50), personal checks.
(612) 633-6161
lurowmr*
Washington is counting on you to . . .
By Rene Camirand
There has been an explosion on a space station. Twenty
astronauts have escaped and are floating in the atmos-
phere. You are the captain of the space ship Entrepise.
Your orders from Washington are to recover as many men as
possible. Will you have enough fuel to pick them all up?
In Salvage of the Astronauts you must land every so often
to refuel and then return to save more astronauts. There are six
refueling chances before the game ends. Watch out for the
mountains! If you get too close, your ship will stop. Every
astronaut saved earns 10 points. Each fuel landing gets you 100
points. To speed up the game, change Line 5 to POKE 65495,0.
(Questions about this program may be directed to the author
at App.3 5035 Bourbonniere, Montreal, Quebec H1X2M7, 514-
722-0423. Please enclose an SASE when writing.) □
Rene Camirand is an active member of his local Co Co Club. He holds a
degree in mechanics and electronics, and has received a science exposition
trophy for excellence. Rene is retired and keeps young by being creative on
his CoCo.
September 1986 THE RAINBOW
Howard Medical Company
1690 N, Elston Chicago, Illinois 60622
(312) 278-1440
®
WE ACCEPT
VISA
MasterCard
American Express
COD or Checks
School P.O.'s
DC-2
New Dual Mode EPSON
The new Epson LX-80 offers printing flexibility in
two modes: one mode allows you to print in a quick
(100 cps) dot-matrix style for programming and
graphics, and the Near Letter Quality mode (16
cps) produces precise (240 dots per inch),
beautiful type for correspondence, reports, and
similar purposes. The LX-80 offers 160 different
type-style combinations, including Pica, Elite,
Enlarged, Emphasized, Condensed, Subscripts
and Superscripts, and type-styles can be selected
quickly from the top control panel or from program
control. Comes standard in friction feed; tractor op-
tion is also available.
LX-P package includes an LX-80, a serial inter-
face, a Color Computer to Epson cable, and
Printer Tutorial that teaches you how to pro-
gram the different type styles ($29,95 value),
* LX-P: LX-80 package $317 ($7 shpg)
ET-1 tractor option for LX-80. $29.50.
SF-1 Single-sheet feeder for the LX-80. $145 ($7
shpg)
Epson
RX-80 FT repack
$207.
Epson
LX-80 New
$249.
Botek
Serial to parallel converter
$68.45
Howard
CoCo to Epson cable
$25.
DM-1 Disk mailer holds from one
to five diskettes
200 lb. cardboard construction
25 mai!ers/box
$20.
MONITORS
123 Zenith 12" Green Screen, 640 dots x 200 dots
resolution, 15 MHz band width. $114 ($7 shpg)
123A Zenith 12" Green Screen Special, $67.50
($7 shpg) 80 Column non glare
122 Zenith 12" Amber Screen, 640 dots x 200 dots
resolution, 15 MHz band width. $117 (7 shpg)
141 Roland 13" Color Monitor with speaker,
270 dots x 200 dots resolution, 4MHz band width
$247 ($12 shpg)
All monitors require video controller.
Reverse video free with monitor Order.
MEMORY
64K Upgrades^-1 Year Warranty
64-E1 for E Boards with complete instructions. Re-
move old chips and replace with preassembled
package— no soldering or trace cuts $28.45 ($2
shpg)
64-F1 for F Boards. No soldering needed. Capacitor
leads must be cut. $24.45 ($2 shpg)
64-2 for COCO 2. Kit requires one solder point, no
trace cuts. $24.45 ($2 shpg)
DD-2
CONTROLLERS
New Controller from J&M: Has switch that allows
either JDOS or RS DOS to be the disk operating
system; eliminates software compatibility problems,
while preserving the advantages of J&M's gold con-
tacts and data separator. Also added to the DC-2 is
a parallel port, which means a serial interface is no
longer needed to make a parallel printer (like the
Epson) work,
DC-2 Disk Controller with JDOS. $128 ($2 shpg)
RS-1: RS DOS ROM Chip. $20.00 ($2 shpg)
DC-1 Disk Controller reads and writes to 35 and 40
track single and double-sided drives for all models
of the Color Computer w/ JDOS. $128 ($2 shpg)
VC-1 Video Interface mounts inside Color Computer
by piggy-backing !C on top of interface— no solder-
ing, no trace cuts. All models give composite video
& sound. $24.45 ($2 shpg)
VC-2 for COCO 2— mono only $26.45 ($2 shpg)
VC-3 for COCO 2— both color or monochrome
$39.45 ($2 shpg)
VC-4 for new Color Computer (no sockets, chips are
soldered to mother board), Attaches with spring-
loaded clips. Color or mono. $39.45 ($2 shpg)
DD-2 Double sided 360K disk with .
V* height case & heavy
$188.
duty power supply
GA-1 Disk drive cable
$24.50
CA-2 Two drive cable
$29.60
DE-1 Disk enclosure !6 height with
power supply
$58.
EPSON AND J&M
The EJ-P Package
The Epson LX-80 Printer teamed with our new
J&M DC-2 Controller gives you top printing
capabilities plus built-in switch gives JDOS or
Radio Shack DOS so all software can run on your
Color Computer. Package includes: Epson LX-80
Printer with ET-1 tractor; DC-2 controller;
parallel Color Computers to J&M cable;
Epson Printer Tutorial ($29.95 value).
Complete EJ-P package $425.00 ($7 shpg)
HOWARD QUALITY STANDS
New TS-1X Mon-
itor Stand: De-
signer-beautiful
stand with clear
corner posts,
easy side access
to ROM port, re-
set and on/off
buttons. $39.50
($3 shpg)
TS-1: Standard 13" monitor stand for the original Color
Computer. Specify black, ivory or clear, 15" x11" x4".
$29.50 ($3 shpg)
TS-2: Same as above for the COCO 2. $29.50 ($3
shpg)
PS-1X Printer Stand features new noise-suppressing
foam top and cork base. 15" x11" x2Vz". $24.95 ($3
shpg)
GUARANTEE
Howard Medical's 30-day guarantee Is meant to
eliminate the uncertainty of dealing with a com-
pany through the mail. Once you receive our
hardware, try It out; test it for compatibility. If
you're not happy with it for any reason, return it
in 30 days and we'll give you your money back,
(less shipping).
Hours: 8:00-4:00 Mon.-Fri.
10:00-3:00 Sat.
SeFiwara lyalem raqu'rarnonis: CnCn wiih 1 fliak. 32K RAM. BO-flotumn primer
Add 12 1rjr shipping.
ORDERS
(800)
443-
1444
PAYROL/BAS
39.95
LEDGER
free with
PAYROL/BAS
STATE TAX
39.95
941
29.95
CHECKS
VIP LIBRARY
S125
SAP- 1 1
19.95
BPA-1
19.95
SOFTWARE CORNER
Automatically calculates FED & PICA and 3
additional user defined deductions.
TABLES ARE ALREADY ENTERED.
Prints checkbook with up to 30 user
definable ledger numbers a $39/VALUE
WITH PAYROL/BAS YOU WILL ALSO WANT
Automatically calculates state withholding
including graduated taxes, TABLES ALREADY ENTERED
Prints totals by quarter per employee
Ideal for Federal 941 and state unemployment
500 pin-feed checks specify blue green or brown $57.25
Softlaw's integrated package includes
VIP Write, terminal, Database, SpeJIerand CALC
Stock analysis program organizes your portfolio
and give specific sell & stop-loss points
Chart your blood pressure from dally readings
taken in the comfort of your home.
The Biggest
The Best
The Indispensable
The
THE COLOR COMPUTER MONTHLY MAGAZINE
It's called the premier Color Computer magazine for good
reason, THE RAINBOW is the biggest, best, brightest and most
comprehensive publication a happy CoCo ever had! Is there any
wonder we get letters daily praising THE RAINBOW, the
magazine one reader calls "A Pot Of- Gold" for his Color
Computer.
THE RAINBOW features more programs, more information
and more in-depth treatment of the Tandy Color Computer than
any other source.
A monthly issue contains 260 or more pages and two dozen
programs, 15 regular columns and as many as 20 product
reviews. And advertisements: THE RAINBOW is known as the
medium for advertisers — which means every month it has a
wealth of information unavailable anywhere else about new
products! Hundreds of programs are advertised In its pages
each month.
But what makes THE RAINBOW is its people. Nationally
known people like Bill Barden, who has written 27 books on
computer topics and writes for us each month. Or, Fred Scerbo,
who writes special programs at the request of readers. Experts
like Dick White and Joseph Kolar, two of the most knowledge-
able writers on BASIC. Communicators like Marty Goodman and
Cray Augsburg, who stay abreast of telecommunications
advances. Or, Dan Downard, RAINBOW technical editor, who
answers our readers' toughest questions. Educators like Dr.
Michael Plog and Steve Blyn, who show how CoCo can be used
at home or school. Advanced programmers like Dale Puckett,
who guide you through the sophisticated OS-9 operating
system. Electronics experts like Tony DiStefano, who explain
the "insides" of the CoCo. These people, and many others, visit
you monthly through columns available only in THE RAINBOW.
Every single issue of THE RAINBOW covers the wide
spectrum of interests in the Tandy Color Computer — from
beginners' tutorials and arcade games to telecommunications
and business and finance programs. Helpful utilities and do-it-
yourself hardware projects make it easy and fun to expand your
CoCo's capabilities. And, monthly reviews by independent
reader reviewers take the guesswork out of buying new software
and hardware products.
Join the tens of thousands who have found THE RAINBOW
to be an absolute necessity for their CoCo, With all this going
for it, is it surprising that more than 90 percent of THE RAINBOW
subscribers renew their subscriptions?
We're willing to bet that, a year from now, you'll be doing the
same. For more information call (502) 228-4492. Or, for credit
card orders only, you may call (800) 847-0309.
C
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• • • • • • •
What goes well with
the Rainbow?
Rainbow On Tape!
We call it the other side of THE RAINBOW and we may
have to raise the price just to call your attention to it. With
as many as two dozen programs every month, RAINBOW
ON TAPE is a luxury service at a bargain basement price.
What is it? RAINBOW ON TAPE is a monthly cassette
tape adjunct to THE RAINBOW and it's brimming with all
the programs (those over 20 lines long) that fill the pages
of the magazine. All you do is pop the cassette in your tape
recorder and they're ready to run. No more lost weekends
— or week nights — typing, typing, typing. With RAINBOW
ON TAPE, you can read the article in the magazine then,
in seconds, you load it up and run it. Yes, you could type
them in yourself, as many people do. But all of them? Every
month? There simply isn't enough time.
Isn't it time your CoCo became a full-time computer
instead of a typewriter? Think how your software library
will grow. With your first year's subscription, you'll get
almost 250 new programs: games, utilities, business
programs, home applications — the full spectrum of THE
RAINBOW'S offerings without the specter of keying in
page after page and then debugging.
RAINBOW ON TAPE — the "meat'' of THE RAINBOW at
a price that's "small potatoes." Food for thought. To get
your first heaping helping, just fill out and return the
attached reply card. No postage necessary.
Discover the other side of THE RAINBOW. It's not only
a time-saver, it's the key to a whole new outlook!
4 I'luid Run rua nit mmm
(•■«r«*ll,
■Kansas
Kits* I /'.. <■> a
I
I
269W
Drive 0 and 1
^ne%mW%sided drive with doubler board and new RS
controller so you can have the equivalent of 2 drives in
One. You can even backup from 0 to 1 . Works with all
CoCo's.
Epson's Gomrex 5650 has a 12" screen with
Resolution for 80 column text and 18 MHZ band width,
retail price was 139.95. 13" Color Monitor (not shown),
now only $139.95. These are new, in factory sealed
cartons, NOT used, repacked, or refurbished. Add 7.00
s/h.
Both our drive 0 and 1 in one case, with cable and R;S.
controller. The best just got better!
£-. ,; S ■ -. " : > Wl'> .', :.».;<&'Jf-VA->'V ■>■ ' JiCA.v tftS, •'••■iml
•• .. MW 1 " /.-J >„;•.• IPS? ft* -f.-l
1 1 095
Dnve 1 Upgrade
Add a second V2 height drive to your Radio Shack?
26-3129. Comes with 3 minute inst^atic^||$^^
screwdriver required. Double sided^iion (Drive 1 and
2) and doubler board add 79.00
^w^ : .>;^'....^|; ! ,,..V. ;x .
j
I
- ■ /.V 'V v .
Drive 1
95
,f I
I
S^Jvr*"^ ••o'"Sf", ..'St^^;':' -I
:.:,<*.■:■!;.. ;.r^; 4 - ,.-i.^a*-* •
Your Choice -g aaq;
SUver or White 199^ Drive 0
<<s.i , J > -ifea'-..
Specialprices on new first quality diskdrives. They even have GOLD connectors on the back. ..Some other places charge 229.00 for
dr. 1 and299.00fordr. 0, notus! Drive 1 is for mod I, Second Color Computer drive, or external mod III, IV . Drive ljustplugs into the
extra connector on your Drive 0 cable. Both drives are compatible with any version of the Color Computer and all versions of drives.
Drive 0 is your first Color Computer drive and comes complete with cable, manual, and R.S. controller. For double-sided drive and
doubler board add 79.00 (for Drive 0 & 1 or 1 & 2). Bare fullhgt SSDD drive only 79.95.
THE COMPUTER CENTER
901-761-4565, 5512 Poplar, Memphis, TN 381 19
Add $4,90 for shipping and handling— VIs^* MC & money orders accepted, No CODs
W' ; Allow an additional 2 weeks for personal checks— Drive faceplates may vary slightly
Prices subject to change without notice. Rad jo Shack is a registered trademark of Tandy Corporation
170 228
300 62
550 70
END 36
80 PRINTQ226, "** MONTREAL P.
Q, **"
90 PRINT@258,"**":PRINT@283, "**"
100 PRINT@290 , "*****************
***********
110 PRINT@333, "COPY RIGHTS REG."
120 PRINT@448, "PRESS ANY KEY FOR
INST. "
130 EXEC 44539
The listing: RSTRONRT
5 POKE 65494,0
10 CLS: PRINT@2 ,"****************
***********"
20 PRINT@34,"** SALVAGE OF ASTRO
NAUTS **"
30 PRINT@66,"**":PRINT@91, "**"
40 PRINT@98,"** BY
**••
50 PRINT@130 , "**" : PRINT@155, "**"
60 PRINT@162, "** RENE CAM IRA
ND **"
70 PRINT@194, "**":PRINT@219, "**"
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printouts. Rainbow Reviews 1.1 - 9/84 ! 1.2-4/85
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Filing data base. File any information with Omega File. Records can have up to 16
fields with 255 characters per field (4080 characters/record). Sort, match & print
any field. User friendly menu driven. Manual included (32k/64k disk only).
Rainbow Review 3/85, Hot CoCo 10/85
BOB'S MAGIC GRAPHIC MACHINE
Can generate BASIC code to use in your programs. Easy drawing and manip-
ulation of circles, elipses, boxes, lines and ARCS. Single joystick operation with on
line HELPS at all times. Allows text on the graphics screen & movement of objects
on the screen. Can be used as a stand-alone graphics editor. Instruction Manual.
GRAPHICS EDITOR. Reg. $39.95— ONLY $19.95 for disk or tape. 64k ECB.
Rainbow Review 7/85, Hot CoCo 9/85 "The graphics bargain of the year"
'KEEP-TRAK' Accounts Receivable. (Avail. 10/01/85).
Features: auto interest calculation, auto ageing of accounts, installment sales,
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more. User friendly/menu driven. Includes manual. $39.95 or $49.95 General
Ledger & Accounts Receivables. (Disk Only),
'COCO WINDOWS' Available 10/31/85
With hi-res character display and window generator. Features an enhanced key
board (klicks) and 10 programmable function keys. Allows the user to create
multiple windows from basic. Includes menu driven printer setup and auto line
numbering. Four function calculator, with memory. The above options can be
called anytime while running or writing in BASIC. APPLE PULL YOUR DRAPES,
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P.O. Box H, 55 N, Main C.O.D., Money Order, Check in U.S. Funds
Logan, UT 84321 (801) 753-7620 TPIvih ipecMy If J&M MXilrGHert
"I
*
I
*
I
*
I
*
I
*
I
*
I
*
I
I
I
I
I
*
I
I
I
*
I
*
I
*
»
I
I
1 t
1 *
#
•
■
* * 1
• 1
1 *
•
J m
I
140 CLS : PRINT@0, "USING THE SHIP
<ENTREPISE> YOU HAVE TO SAVE AS
MANY ASTRONAUTS AS POSSIBLE WIT
HOUT MISSING FUEL
GET POINTS FOR
ASTRONAUTS SAVED PLUS 100POINTS
FOR FUEL LANDING"
150 PRINT@224, "CKECK THE FUEL GA
UGE AT LEFT OF THE SCREEN <NO FU
EL: NO GO> USE THE RIGHT JST
K FOR MOVING"
160 PRINT@352 , "YOU HAVE < 6 > FUEL L
ANDING TO SCORETHE MOST POINTS. T
HEN IT END"
170 PRINT@448 , "PRESS ANY KEY FOR
ACTION"
180 EXEC44539
190 DIMZ (42,12) :DIM L$(50)
200 CLS:BB=0
210 PRINT@70,"1- SLOW":PRINT@19
8, "2- MEDIUM" :PRINT@32 6, "3- FA
36 THE RAINBOW September 1986
ST":PRINT@448," > YOUR CHOICE
•
220 B$=INKEY$ : IF B$=" "THEN220 EL
SE IF B$="3" THEN GOTO 25)3 ELSE
IF B$="2" THEN GOTO 24)3 ELSE IF
B$="l" THEN GOTO 23)3 ELSE GOT022
0 ■■ m5,;: ^ ; -
23)3 BB=l:GOTO 260
240 BB=1.25:GOTO 26)3
250 BB=1 . 5 : GOT02 6)3
26) 3 PM0DE3 , 1 : PCLS : SCREENl ,0 : POKE
179,0
27) 3 QQ=)3
280 POKE 178,2
290 DRAW"BM0,168E4R4E6R3E6R2F12R
6F8E8R6E8R4E2R2F18R4E4R4U6E6R3F1
0R3F5R4E12R2F6R3F6E3R4E10R2F10D2
6 " : REM ; PAINT ( 2 ,17)3) , 4 , 4
30)3 POKE179,4:PAINT(2,170)
310 FORB=0TO200 STEP2 : LINE (B, 190
-RND(18) )-(B,190) , PRESET :NEXTB
320 PMODE4 > 1 : SCREEN! , 1
330 FORT=8TO130 STEP6
340 L$="S"+STR$ (RND(5)+1)+"BM"+S
TR$ (RND(220) +10) +" , "+STR$ (T) +"S4
; R3 D1L5D1R7 BL2 L5BR2R3 BL3 D1R2 D1L2
D1R3"
350 POKE178 / 2
360 DRAW L$: NEXTT
370 DRAW"BM0 ; 13 6R10D1L10"
380 PMODE4 , 1
390 DRAW"S4;BM221 / 167R22F2G2L2BL
5BU2L14G2BE2H2BF2BG2L4H2E2R3U4R3
L6R3D4R2E1R2U1R2E1R2BR1R2F1R2D1R
2F1R2U4R3L6R3D4L2D1G1F2R1"
400 X=223 :Y=162
410 get(x-14,y-6)-(x+28, y+14) , z ,
g . ; *
420 A=223:B=162
430 Al=A:A=A+INT(JOYSTK(0)/6)-5
440 B1=B : B=B+INT ( JOYSTK (l)/6 ) -5
450 I FA OR B=LEN(A$) THEN P=P+1
4 60 QQ=QQ+BB : LINE ( 0 ,0 ) - ( 5 , QQ) , PS
ET,BF:IF QQ=135THEN GOTO 600 ELS
E480
470 IF B>=185 THEN U=U
480 IF B>=185 THEN 570
490 IF A<=214 AND B=>140 THEN A=
A1:B=B1
500 IF B=<10 THENB=10
510 IFA>=217 THEN A=217
520 IF A=<20 THEN A= 20
530 IF A=>205 AND B<186 THEN GOT
0 550
540 IF A=>205 AND B=>186 THEN B=
Bl : GOTO550
550 PUT (A-14 # B-6 ) - (A+2 8 , B+14 ) ,Z,
PSET: Z=0
560 GOTO 430
570 CLS:P=P+100:PRINT@139 / "SCORE
: " ; P; :PRINT§390 f "FELICITATIO
N FOR THAT FUEL LA
NDING"
580 K=1000 : IFU=5THEN K=1000
590 FORT=lTOK : NEXTT : U=U+ 1:1 FU= 6T
HEN620 ELSE GOTO260
600 CLS : SCREEN1 ,05 PRINT@130 , "SOR
RY MAN YOUR A DEAD DUCK" : PRINT@2
90, "I TOLD YOU <NO FUELXNO GO>
<NO POINTS >"
610 FORT=1TO3000 : NEXTT : P=0 : GOT06
30
620 PRINT 6203, "FINAL SCORE" :PRIN
T@295, "HOURRA ! ! CHAMPION ! ! " : FO
RT=1T02 500 : NEXTT
630 CLS:PRINT§232,"ANOTHER GAME
?":PRINT@458,"< Y / N >"
640 WW$=INKEY$ : IF WW$=""THEN640
ELSE IF WW$="N" THEN 660 ELSE 65
0
650 P=0:U=0:GOTO 200
660 CLS: PRINT© 16 2," HOPE YOU HAD
A GOOD GAME " : PRINT@290 , " BYE I
. . .BYE 1 . . . " : FORT=1TO2000 : NEXTT : P
OKE113, 3 : EXEC40999
1 1
p3
4f|
1 1
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3
September 1986 THE RAINBOW 37
MATH TUTOR
1 16K
ECB
the
RAINBOW
Rational Thinking
'W'^atios is a hands-on exercise in
A^^converting fractions to ratios
JL m. and percentages; the sort of
exercise which enables a pupil to in-
crease familiarity and skill by means of
unlimited repetition.
If you enter the numerator and the
denominator of a fraction, you have
control over the level of difficulty. If you
let CoCo enter random numerators and
denominators, the level of difficulty is
controlled by the magnitude of the
numerator you choose (Line 370). In
either case, the numerator is restricted
to two digits and the denominator to
three, which keeps the program within
the ability limits of a disadvantaged
pupil. Increase the level of difficulty by
changing the values of LEN(fl$) and
LEN ( B$ ) in lines 130 and 140 and
VAL(CR$) in Line 370. After five at-
tempts, you are given the choice of
entering your numbers or random
numbers again.
In entering answers to questions, you
are restricted to seven characters includ-
ing a decimal. Illegal entries are erased
and a new entry can be made. The
instructions ask you not to type the
Keiran Kenny lives in The Hague,
Holland, and began programming after
seven years of retirement. He holds a
degree in modern European languages,
and has a special interest in the graphics
and math possibilities of the Co Co.
percent (%) sign because this is added
to your answer.
After an answer has been entered, the
screen shows either RIGHT or WRONG and
the correct answer in both cases. The
entries in lines 50 and 60 ensure that
CoCo's correct answer (P$) is the same
length as your correct answer (E$). If
you enter 33.3 as the percentage equiv-
alent of % then you get ANSWER WAS
33.3*. If you enter 33.3333, then
CoCo's correct answer will be
33.3333%. If your answer is wrong, then
CoCo's correct answer may vary in
length. This is followed by an X RIGHT
OUT OF Y message and a score expressed
as a ratio and a percentage in keeping
with the theme of the exercise.
All the subroutines are at the begin-
ning of the listing in lines 20 through
220. This should make it easier if you
want to use them in your own programs.
Change Line 20 to read X=A/B and Line
190 to read PR INT© 162, STRINGS
(!_,"-")"="; : RETURN and you have a
basis for using the fraction for division
exercises beginning at Line 240. Note
that lines 180 and 190 ensure the frac-
tion line has the length of whichever of
the two, numerator or denominator, is
longer.
(Questions about this program may
be directed to the author at van Mont-
foortlaan 31, 2296 SP The Hague,
Holland. Please enclose an SASE when
writing.) □
38 THE RAINBOW September 1 986
"i An
04 A
OCA
«n
Ann
mm mm j\
550 . . .
n ^
660
141
730
.153
END
....93
The listing: RATIOS
1J3 CLS:GOTO230
20 X=B/A:GOTO40
30 X=(A/B)*100
40 X$=STR$(X)
5J3 E$=STR$ (E) : EX=LEN (E$) -LEN (STR
$(INT(E)))
60 IFE=INT(E)ANDX<>INT(X)THENP$=
LEFT$ (X$ , 5 ) ELSEP$=LEFT$ (X$ , LEN ( S
TR$(INT(X) ) )+EX)
70 RETURN
80 IFE$=P$THENR=R+1:PRINT@268, "R
IGHT 1 " : A$=" ANSWER WAS "+P$ : PRINT@
303-INT(LEN(A$)/2) , A$ ; : IFQ=1THEN
PRINT"%" :GOTO100ELSE100
90 IFE$OP$THENWR=WR+l:PRINT@2 68
, "WRONG! 11 :A$=" ANSWER WAS"+P$ : PRI
NT@303-INT(LEN(A$)/2) ,A$; :IFQ=1T
HENPRINT"%"
100 A$=STR$(R)+" RIGHT OUT OF"+S
TR$(R+WR)+" "+CHR$(8) :PRINT@3 3 6-
INT(LEN(A$)/2) ,A$+" !"
110 IFR>j3THENE= (R+WR) /R: IE$="THA
T IS 1 :"+LEFT$(STR$(E) ,5)+" OR"
+LEFT$ (STR$ (R/ (WR+R) *100) , 6) +"%"
:PRINT@3 67-INT(LEN(IE$)/2) ,IE$
120 RETURN
130 LINEINPUTA$:A=VAL(A$) : IFAOI
NT (A) ORLEN (A$) >2THENPRINT@130 , CH
R$(31) :PRINT@130,"" ; :GOTO130ELSE
RETURN
140 LINEINPUTB$:B=VAL(B$) :IFBOl
NT (B) ORLEN (B$) >3THENPRINT@194 , CH
R$(31) : PRINT© 194,"" 7 : GOTO140ELSE
RETURN
150 LINEINPUTC$:IFLEN(C$)>7THENP
RINT@160+L+9,CHR$(8) :PRINT@160+L
+9 , " " ; : GOTO150ELSEC=VAL ( C$ ) : RETU
RN
16J3 LINEINPUTD$ : IFLEN ( D$ ) >7THENP
RINT@160+L+LC+12 , CHR$ (31): PRINT @
160+L+LC+12, "" ; :GOTO160ELSED=VAL
(D$) : RETURN
170 F0RX=P TO P2STEP32:PRINT@X,C
HR$ ( 3 1 ) : NEXT : RETURN
180 IFLEN (A$) >LEN (B$) THENL=LEN (A
$ ) ELSEL=LEN ( B$ )
190 PRINT@162,STRING$(L, "-") " =
1 : " ; : RETURN
200 FORD=1TO1500 : NEXT: RETURN
210 PRINT@487 , "PRESS ANY KEY.";
220 K$=INKEY$ : IFK$=""THEN220ELSE
RETURN
230 CLEAR2 0 0
240 PRINT@139 , "<RATIOS>" , , , , , "BY
KEIRAN KENNY, THE HAGUE, 1985"
250 PRINT@320, "<ENTER> YOUR NAME
, PLEASE (MAX. 14 CHARACTERS ==>"
; : LINEINPUTNM$
260 IFLEN (NM$) >14THENP=320 : P2=41
6 : GOSUB170 : GOT02 50
270 PRINT@ 4 2 2, "INSTRUCTIONS? Y/N
280 GOSUB220
290 IFK$="Y"THENCLS:GOTO640
300 IFK$="N"THENCLS:GOTO320 '
310 GOTO280
320 PRINT@128, "MAKE YOUR CHOICE:
" : PRINT : PRINTTAB ( 5 ) " rANDOM NUMBE
RS , OR" : PRINT : PRINTTAB ( 5 ) " eNTER
YOUR OWN NUMBERS .": PRINT : PRINTTA
B (5) "PRESS <R> OR <E>:";
330 GOSUB220
340 IFK$="R"THENX=RND( -TIMER) :V=
1:PRINT"R" :GOTO370
350 IFK$="E"THENV=0:CLS:GOTO380
360 GOTO330
370 PRINT: W$=NM$+" WANTS A NUMER
ATOR" : PRINT@400-LEN (W$) /2 , W$ : PRI
NT@456,"NO LARGER THAN: " ; : LINEIN
PUTCR$ : IFVAL ( CR$ ) <1 ORLEN ( CR$ ) >2T
HENP=448 : P2=448 : GOSUB170 : PRINT@4
48, "" ; :GOTO370ELSEGOSUB200:CLS:G
OTO400
380 CLS : IFK$="E"ORK$="Y"THENPRIN
T@ 3 2, "ENTER NUMERATOR (THE TOP N
UMBER IN A FRACTION) . "
390 PRINT0130, ""; :GOTO410
400 I FK$= " R " ORK$ = " Y " THENA=RND (VA
L(CR$) ) :A$=RIGHT$(STR$(A) , LEN (ST
R$(A) )-l) :PRINT@130,A$:GOTO440
410 GOSUB130:P=32:P2=64:GOSUB170
420 PRINT@32, "ENTER DENOMINATOR
(THE BOTTOM NUMBER)."
430 PRINT@194, "" ; :GOTO460
440 B=A+RND ( VAL ( CR$ ) )
450 B$=RIGHT$(STR$(B) ,LEN(STR$(B
) ) -1) :PRINT@194,B$:GOSUB180:GOTO
490
460 GOSUB140:GOSUB180
470 IFB<A THENPRINT@224,"TOO SMA
LL! TRY AGAIN! " : GOSUB200 : P=194 : P
2=224 :GOSUB170:GOTO430
480 P=32:P2=64:GOSUB170
490 PRINT @ 3 2, "ENTER NUMBER AFTER
COLON (WITH DECIMAL WHERE NECE
September 1986 THE RAINBOW 39
SSARY) .
500 print@160+L+9,"" ; :P=320:GOSU
B150:E=C
510 GOSUB20:GOSUB80
520 PRINT@32 , "ENTER THE EQUIVALE
NT PERCENTAGE (WITH DECIMALS IF
NECESSARY) ."
530 LC=LEN(C$) :PRINT@160+L+LC+10
, "= " ; : GOSUB160 : PRINT @ 1 6 0+L+LC+1
1+LEN(STR$(D) ) / "%":E=D
540 GOSUB30:P=256:P2=352:GOSUB17
0:Q=1:GOSUB80
550 PRINT@457, "ANOTHER? Y/N"
560 GOSUB220
570 IFK$="Y"AND(R+WR)/5=INT( (R+W
R) /5 ) THENQ=0 : CLS : GOT03 2 0
580 IFK$=" Y"ANDV=1THENCLS : Q=0 : GO
TO400
590 IFK$="Y"ANDV=0THENQ=0:GOTO38
0
600 IFK$="N"THENCLS:GOTO620
610 GOTO560
620 TK$=" THANKS "+NM$+" ! " : PRINT©
112 -INT (LEN (TK$) /2 ) , TK$ : PRINT@16
0," I HOPE YOU LIKED THE TEST AN
D LEARNED SOMETHING FROM IT.":
PRINT@455, "TO END PROGRAM" : GOSUB
210
630 CLS: END
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
FOR YOUR COCO
THREE GREAT PROGRAMS —
1. CoCo EXPERT — INCREASE YOUR HAPPINESS
2. COCO THERAPIST — DISCUSS YOUR PROBLEMS
3. COCO POET — ENDLESS STIMULATING POETRY
COMPLETE DOCUMENTATION INCLUDES
"THE HISTORY OF Al"
ALL JUST $34.95 (SPECIFY TAPE OR DISK)
640 PRINT© 7 , "***INSTRUCTIONS***"
: PRINT© 3 2, "GIVEN THE NUMERATOR (
THE TOP NUMBER) OF A FRACTION
LIKE THIS: " : PRINT@101,CHR$ (159)
:GOSUB200
650 PRINT@100 , 3 : GOSUB200 : PRINT@8
6,CHR$(31) :PRINT@85,";"
660 PRINT@96, "THEN THE DENOMINAT
OR (BOTTOM NUMBER) , LIKE THIS
: " : PRINT© 16 4 , 3 : PRINT© 197 , "-" : PRI
NT@229,CHR$(159) :GOSUB200
670 PRINT@228,4:GOSUB200:PRINT@1
35,CHR$(31) :PRINT@135,"; H
680 PRINT© 1 60, "<ENTER> THE NUMBE
R AFTER THE COLON ( ' : 1 ) LIKE
THIS : " : PRINT© 2 28,3 : PRINT@2 61,"-
= 1 : "+CHR$(159) :PRINT@292,4:GO
SUB200
690 PRINT@268,1.33:GOSUB200:PRIN
T©204,CHR$(31) : PRINT@203 , " ; "
700 PRINT© 2 2 4, "AND THEN CONVERT
THE FRACTION INTO A PERCENTAGE
LIKE THIS: ":PRINT@2 92,3 :PRINT@3
25,"- » 1 : 1.33 = "+CHR$(159) :P
RINT © 3 5 6 , 4 : GOSUB2 0 0
710 PRINT@340, "75%":PRINT@416,"I
•M NOT GOING TO TELL YOU HOW TOD
0 YOUR ARITHMETIC! 11 :K$=INKEY$: GO
SUB210
720 CLS:PRINT©0, "YOU CAN <ENTER>
YOUR OWN NUMBERSABOVE AND BELOW
THE LINE OR LET THE COMPUTER EN
TER A NUMERATOR AND A DENOMINAT
OR AS RANDOM NUMBERS. IN THI
S CASE YOU CAN CHOOSE THE HIGH
EST VALUE FOR THENUMERATOR (MAXI
MUM 99) . "
730 PRINT: PRINT 11 BEGIN WITH SMALL
NUMBERS AND TRYTO CALCULATE THE
ANSWERS IN YOURHEAD AS AN EXERC
ISE IN MENTAL ARITHMETIC. TRY
LARGER NUMBERS TOO AS AN EXERCI
SE IN USING YOURCALCULATOR OR IN
MAKING CALCUL- ATIONS ON PAPER.
":GOSUB210
740 CLS : PRINT@0 , "<ENTER> NUMBERS
AS FOLLOWS : " : PRINT : PRINT "NUMERA
TOR, 1-2 DIGITS, NO DECI- MAL. M
AXIMUM 99;"
750 PRINT: PRINT "DENOMINATOR, 1-3
DIGITS, NO DEC-IMAL. MAXIMUM 99
9;"
760 PRINT: PRINT "ANSWERS, MAXIMUM
WITH DECIMAL SEVEN CHARACTERS
. DO NOT TYPE THE '%' SIGN."
770 PRINT: PRINT "ILLEGAL ENTRIES
WILL SELF-ERASE AND YOU CAN TRY
AGAIN!"
780 GOSUB210:CLS:GOTO320 /R\
40 THE RAINBOW September 1986
W^^isplay uses the SET command
m #to put the message of your
JLtJ choice on the screen to attract
attention to your store display, garage
sale or what have you. It displays in big
letters using all the colors CoCo has to
offer. The horizontal and vertical SET
values for most characters are in DATfi
lines 100, 1 10, 120 to 210 and 220 to 470.
The data in lines 500 to 510 set the
starting and finishing sequence number
for each character as in data lines 100
to 470.
The character set includes the dollar
sign, hyphen, numbers zero through
nine and the letters A to Z. In addition,
lines 550 to 570 in subroutine 540 set the
coordinates for the period (.), spacebar
and the exclamation (!) sign. These
characters have spacing requirements
which differ from the other characters.
The screen has four text lines and you
Keiran Kenny lives in The Hague,
Holland and began programming after
seven years of retirement. He holds a
degree in modern European languages,
and has a special interest in the graphics
and math possibilities of the Co Co.
can put up to eight letters or numbers
in each line. As in Line 990, you can also
get away with seven letters or numbers
plus a space and two punctuation signs.
To put text on the screen, follow the
examples beginning at Line 690. PP is
the horizontal coordinate at which text
begins. For a line consisting of eight
letters or numbers you need PP equal
to zero but, for less, you can vary the
value of PP in order to center your text.
The lines are numbered one to four
from top to bottom and the line number
is labeled LL. The vertical position of
the lines cannot be varied.
You have nine choices of color estab-
lished by the variable CC: the familiar
one through eight colors, and nine,
which gives the multicolored effect as in
the words rainbow in Line 690 and
COLOR T.V. in Line 990. Actually
there is another choice, CC=RND(B),
which gives (usually) a different but
uniformly colored word each time you
repeat the display. I have not used it here
because I prefer to choose my colors
rather than leave them to chance. Your
text is put into a string labeled W$
followed by GOSUB 540.
September 1986
Radio Shack has the
Computer System
Furniture
flfj Reg. Separate
Items 319.80
Spacious modular worksta-
tion is ideal for home or of-
fice. Features simulated oak
finish. Easy to assemble.
H System Desk. Twin cable
management slots for easy
connections.
26-1356 119.95
IH Storage Hutch. Mounts
on system desk. Features
adjustable "second shelf
on either side.
26-1359 59.95
Half-Width Hutch. (Not
shown). 26-1374 . . . 54.95
El Corner Section. Con-
nects system desk and
printer stand for a conven-
ient "work corner."
26-1358 39.95
ElPrinter Stand. With out-
put paper catcher and stor-
age shelf.
26-1357 99.95
Monitor Pedestal
16 95
Adjustable platform ro-
tates and tilts. Holds all
Tandy monitors. Color
and finish match moni-
tors. Base: 11 X 10^4 ".
(26-1369)
Printer Supports
Elevates printer so fan-
fold paper can be placed
underneath. Use with
80-column printers. Du-
rable crystal polystyrene.
Easy to assemble.
(26-1367)
Diskette Storage
3 l l2". Holds 30.
26-1381 12.95
5 l U". Holds 50.
26-1362 14.95
8': Holds 50.
26-4953 24.95
Disk Drive Head
Cleaning Kits
Low
As
795
I Each
Disk Size
Cat. No.
Each
*3V 2 "
26-419
9.95
5V4"
26-408
7.95
8"
26-4957
8.95
'Single sided only
Fanfold Printer Paper
Mailing Labels
9V4x11"
Computer Paper
Computer
Paper
Computer
Paper
Pressure- Sensitive Fanfold
Low As
95
Size
Parts
Design
Vertical
Qty.
Cat. No
Price
14?/ax11"
1
Greenbar
No
500
26-1330
11.95
147/ax11"
1
Greenbar
No
1500
72-300
34.95
14 7 /bx11"
1
Greenbar
No
3500
26-1417
69.95
147/8 x 11"
1
White
No
1500
72-303
34.95
9 1 /zx11"
1
Greenbar
Yes
1500
72-304
24.95
9V2X11"
1
Greenbar
Yes
3500
26-1403
49.95
9V2X11"
1
White
Yes
500
26-1423
8.95
9V2X11"
1
20# White
Yes
500
26-1387
10.95
9V2X11"
1
20# White
Yes
1250
26-1427
24.95
9V2X11"
1
20# White
Yes
2500
72-31 1
44.95
9V2X11"
2
White
Yes
750
72-305
34.95
6
r
1-Wide. 4V2" carrier. Pkg./lOOO. 26-1328 6.95
1- Wide. 4V2" carrier. Pkg./5000. 72-402 24.95
2- Wide. 9V2" carrier. Pkg./2000. 72-401 15.95
3- Wide. 9V2" carrier. Pkg./3000. 72-400 16.95
2-Wide. Dry gum. 9V2" carrier. Pkg./2400. 26-1456 . . . 9.95
Items Shown With Optional Computer Components (Not Included).
best of everything*
LowCost, Compact
Computer Workcenter
89
95
Organize Your Computer System With
This Compact, Efficient Workstation
Beautifully Designed and Finished
to "Fit In" with Other Furniture
Our beautifully styled, simulated oak finish workcenter
features a full-width monitor shelf (41 1 /2 x 14 3 /4 /r ), space
for computer and printer, plus plenty of workspace. This
easy-to-assemble workcenter comes with adjustable
glides. (26-1350)
Perfect for Home, Office or School
Data Communications Modem
59
DCM 3. 300-bps modem plugs di-
g-ym* rectly into modular phone outlet.
DB25 and 4-pin DIN connectors.
Bell 103 compatible, full duplex.
FCC registered. (26-1178)
Certified
Unformatted
Diskettes
■ Double Density j^^^J
■ Manufactured to the
Highest Standards
of Excellence
■ Buy in 10-Pack Quantities and Save
Single Sided
Double Sided
Size
Tracks
Quantity
Cat. No.
Price
3V2"
80
3
26-415
15.95
80
10
26-416
44.95
40
1
26-305
2.19
5V4"
40
3
26-405
5.95
40
10
26-406
15.95
8"
77
3
26-4904
10.95
77
10
26-4906
34.95
Size
Tracks
Quantity
Cat. No.
Price
40
3
26-411
6.95
40
10
26-412
16.95
5V4"
80
3
26-409
8.95
80
10
26-410
24.95
80(high
density)
3
26-421
15.95
10
26-422
44.95
77
3
26-4961
12.95
8"
77
10
26-4960
39.95
Radio /hack
The Technology Store
A DIVISION OF TANDY CORPORATION
r
I
I
I
L
Send me an RSC-17
Computer Catalog.
Radio Shack
Dept. 87-A-21
300 One Tandy Center
Fort Worth, Texas 76102
Name
Address
City
1
State
ZIP
Phone
Prices apply at Radio Shack Computer Centers and participating stores and dealers.
To erase a line, enter the line number,
LL and G05UB 530. In the program, by
way of example, the eraser is used to
erase lines one at a time by means of
separate entries or, as in Line 800, three
at a time using a loop.
I have tried to ensure that Display
will also fit a 16K ECB machine. Thus,
in Line 30, I took as many bytes as I
could from CoCo's statutory 200 bytes
reserved for string space. If you get an
OS Error when trying to save the pro-
gram, then increase the CLERR8 in Line
30 to a slightly higher number. m
Be very careful when you type the
DRTfl lines 100 to 470 and 500 to 510,
especially with the commas, which
represent zero. If you make a mistake
in typing you should get a DATA Error
message, but that is not always com-
pletely reliable. You could type a two for
a three and then a three for a two a few
values later and the checksum remains
correct. Your best guide is the appear-
ance of the letters and numbers them-
selves. If you find a blob sticking out
where it obviously should not be, then
check the DATA line for the offender.
Each character has its own line in
numerical or alphabetical order.
If you do not have Extended Color
BASIC, then I hope you have Little E
[October 1984, Page 119] so you can
edit any necessary corrections into a line
instead of having to retype the whole
line.
Note the high speed POKE in Line 20.
If your CoCo cannot take it, delete or
leave it out.
In the demonstration program, the
two displays keep on repeating. This
ensures some movement on the screen
and that is what attracts notice and
holds attention. Movement can be
anything, like erasing or entering lines,
but it must be slow enough to be per-
ceptible. I think the speed in this pro-
gram, with or without the high speed
POKE, is just about right.
(You may direct questions about this
program to Mr. Kenny at van Mont-
foortlaan 31, 2296 SP The Hague,
Holland. Please enclose an SASEwhen
writing.) □
208 520 84
The listing: DISPLAY
0 '16K ECB PCLEAR1 BEFORE YOU
LOAD THIS PROGRAM •
10 CLS
20 POKE65495,0
30 CLEAR8
4) 3 PRINT@138,"*DISPLAY*"
5) 3 PRINT@224,"BY KEIRAN KENNY, T
HE HAGUE, 1986"
6) 3 PRINT: PRINT "PLEASE EXCUSE THE
SLIGHT DELAY, I HAVE A LOT OF D
ATA TO DIGEST!"
7) 3 DIM H(678) ,V(678) ,A(38) ,B(38)
8) 3 FORI=lT0678:READHH,W:H(I)=HH
: V ( I ) =W : DE=DE+HH+ W : NEXT
9 0 I FDE< > 3 8 9 5THENPRINT : PRINT 11 DAT
A ERROR LINES 1)30-47)3 !": STOP
99 ■$
1)3)3 DATA 3,,, 1,1, 1,2,1, 3,1,4,1,5
,1,6,1, ,2, 3, 2, ,3,1, 3, 2, 3, 3, 3, 3, 4
,4,3,5,3,6,3,6,4,6,5,5,5,4,5,3,5
,3,6,2,5,1,5, ,5
109 ' -
110 DATA 2,4,3,4
119 '0-9
120 DATA 2,, 3, ,4, ,1,1, 5,1, ,2, 6 , 2
,,3,6, 3,, 4, 6, 4, 1,5, 5, 5, 2, 6, 3, 6, 4
,6
130 DATA 3, ,2, 1,3, 1,3, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4,
3,5,3,6,2,6,4,6
140 DATA ,1,1, ,2, ,3, ,4, ,5,1,6,2,
5, 3, 4, 4, 3, 4, 2, 4, 1,4,, 4,, 5,, 6, 1,6
,2,6,3,6,4,6,5,6,6,6
150 DATA
5,3,4,3,3
1,6, ,5
160 DATA
5,3 ,5,4,5
170 DATA
1,2,2,2,3
3,6,2,6,1
18)3 DATA
2/ ,3,1,3,
,5,6,4,6,
190 DATA
,5,2,4,3,
2)30 DATA
5,3,4,3,3
6,3,6,4,6
210 DATA
,1,1, ,2, ,3, ,4, ,5,1,6,2,
,3,6,4,5,5,4,6,3,6,2,6,
/ f fl f f^t / 3, ,4, ,5,
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/ ? 1 1 r 2 , ,3 , ,4, ,5, ,
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, 6, , 5
6/1/5, ,4, ,3, ,2, ,1
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3,6,2,6,1,6, ,5, ,4
/ / 1 9 9 % , , 3 , 9^9 9 5 , ,
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1 9 9 2 / /3, ,4, ,5, ,6,
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l//2,,3, ,4, ,5, ,6,
1,5,2,
9 1 9 9^9
5,4,6,
9 9 9 1 9 9
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6, ,6,1
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2
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fl I N60
HAS MANY
44 THE RAINBOW September 1986
6353433323
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220 DATA 6 5 4 3
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0
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September 1986 THE RAINBOW 45
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\
To make the'rnost of your new Dragon microcomputer from Dragon-Tano, you need Dragon User
— the international, independent magazine for Dragon owners.
Each issue of Dragon User contains:
• reviews of the latest software
• programming advice for beginners
• hardware projects
The Dragon microcomputer was launched in the UK
last year. Since then we have developed a knowledge
and mastery of the machine's abilities. You can
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46 THE RAINBOW September 1986
ORGANIZATION
1 16K
f the 1
im
| ECB
RAINBOW
Lighten the end-of-semester work load
with this handy program that's sure to
become . . .
rp 1
Teacher
The end of a grading period is
always hectic. At such a time a
computerized grade calculator
can save a lot of headaches. A program
like this can also be used at the midpoint
of a grading period when parent-teacher
conferences are often held.
I operate on a point system and keep
raw scores in my gradebook. This way
I can also keep track of scores for
workbook lessons, homework, quizzes,
tests and written and oral reports. That
way I am not always having to calculate
percentage grades. The percentage and
letter grades are Calculated by The
Grade Calculator.
The Grade Calculator does not store
data to either tape or disk files, but
prints out the results for each student as
they are entered.
When the program is run, you are
asked to enter the class, such as English
I-A. This will be printed on each student
Ron Powers lives in Davenport, North
Dakota and teaches high school Eng-
lish. Before reentering the teaching
profession in 1985, he spent 20 years as
a broadcast journalist. A Co Co owner
for three years, Ron has only had a
serious interest in programming for less
than a yean
By Ron Powers
JIM
MATH
GRADE #
SCORE
PERFECT SCORE
i
98
100
2
83
1 00
KM
3
87 1
1 00
4
91
1 00
TOTALS
359
400
PERCENT GRAD
E - 89.75
LETTER GRADE
***** T . I
Sample Printout
report. Next, you are asked to enter the
number of scores to be averaged. This
figure is used to dimension variables.
Then you are asked to enter the perfect
scores. The perfect scores, once entered,
are kept in memory.
Next, you are prompted to enter a
student's name. At this point, the class
name, student name and column head-
ings are printed. Enter the student
scores, and, as each is entered, the
printer prints what number score that is,
the student score and the corresponding
perfect score. When all the scores are
entered, a percentage grade is calculated
and printed, followed by a letter grade.
Line 60 dimensions the student score
variable, A(S), and the perfect score
variable, B(S). Lines 70 to 90 allow
entering perfect scores. Line 100 is for
entering the student's name and print-
ing the headings. Lines 120 to 170 create
a FOR/NEXT loop for entering student
scores; printing score #, perfect score
and student score; and keeping running
totals of both sets of scores. Line 190
calculates the percentage grade, and the
subroutine beginning at Line 300
chooses the proper letter grade.
While The Grade Calculator is a very
simple program, it does the job in much
less time than figuring grades by hand
or with a pocket calculator. Printing
each individual score lets you double-
check that all entries were properly
made.
(You may direct your questions to the
author at Rt. 1 Box 43, Davenport, ND
58021, 701-347-4321. Please enclose an
SASEfor a reply.) □
September 1 986 THE RAINBOW 47
The listing: GRfiDCflLC
END
131
.71
1 GOTO 1J3
2 S AVE " GRADCALC " : SAVE"GRACAL2 " , A
: END
3 i *****GRADCALC/BAS*****
4 i *****COPYRIGHT 1985*****
5 «*****RON POWERS*****
6 • *****DAVENPORT, ND 58021****
10 CLEAR 5pp0
20 CLS: PRINT" SCORE TO PERCENT
CALCULATOR"
30 PRINT: PRINT "MAKE SURE PRINTER
IS TURNED ON AND PAPER IS POSI
TIONED PROPERLY"
4jS LINE INPUT "CLASS ==> ";G$
50 PRINT '.INPUT "NUMBER OF SCORES
TO BE AVERAGED" ;S
60 DIM A(S) , B(S)
70 FORX=lTOS
80 INPUT "PERFECT SCORE ";B(X)
90 NEXT X
100 CLS: LINE INPUT "NAME ==> ";N
$:PRINT#-2,TAB(5)N$;TAB(25) ;G$
110 PRINT#-2,TAB(5) "GRADE #";TAB
(17) "SCORE" ;TAB(35) "PERFECT SCOR
E"
120 FORX=lTOS
130 INPUT "STUDENT SCORE ";A(X)
140 PRINT#-2,TAB(5)X;TAB(17)A(X)
;TAB(35)B(X)
150 G=A(X) :G1=G+G1
160 H=B(X) :H1=H+H1
170 NEXTX
180 PRINT#-2,TAB(5) "TOTALS" ;TAB (
17)G1;TAB(35)H1
190 R=G1/H1*100
200 PRINT#-2, TAB (5) "PERCENT GRAD
E = ";R
210 GOSUB300
220 PRINT #-2, TAB (5) "LETTER GRADE
= ";L$
225 PRINT#-2,"":PRINT#-2,""
230 G=0:G1=0:H=0:H1=0:GOTO 100
300 IF R>=96 THEN L$= " A" : RETURN
310 IF R>=94 THEN L$ =" A- ": RETURN
320 IF R>=92 THEN L$="B+" : RETURN
330 IF R>=89 THEN L$="B" : RETURN
340 IF R>=87 THEN L$="B-" : RETURN
350 IF R>=85 THEN L$="C+" : RETURN
360 IF R>=82 THEN L$="C" : RETURN
370 IF R>=80 THEN L$="C-" : RETURN
380 IF R>=78 THEN L$="D+" : RETURN
390 IF R>=76 THEN L$="D" : RETURN
400 IF R>=75 THEN L$="D-" : RETURN
410 IF R<75 THEN L$="F" : RETURN ^
□□□□□
□□□□□
□□□□□
□□□□□
5M
COLOR COMPUTERS
LIST OUR
PRICE PRICE
TANDY COMPUTERS prPce price
26-1070 Model 4D Desktop 64K 2FD& Deskmate$1 1 99.00 $ 895.00
25-1000 Model 1 000 1 FD 1 28K & Deskmate 999.00 705.00
25-1001 Model 1000 1 FD & 10 Meg HD 256K 1999.00 1475.00
25-3000 Model 1200 1 FD & 10 Meg HD 256K 2499.00 1525.00
25-3001 Model 1200 Two FD 256K 1499.00 1200.00
25-4000 Model 3000 One FD 51 2K 2599.00 1900.00
25- 4010 Model 3000 1 FD & 20 Meg HD 51 2K 3599.00 2600.00
26- 3901 Model 600 Port Comp 32K 1 3 1 / 2 Disk 1 599.00 1 1 95.00
25-1021 CM4 Color Monitor 299.95 225.00
25-1022 CM10 Color Monitor 459.95 380.00
25- 3010 VM-3 Monochrome Monitor 219.00 185.00
26- 5111 VM-1 Monochrome Monitor 199.95 165.00
26-5112 CM-1 Color Monitor 599.00 510.00
25-3043 Graphics Adaptor T-1200, T-3000 . 299.00 185.00
25-3047 Deluxe Graphics Adapt T-1 200, T-3000 499.95 395.00
25-3130 MS-DOS 2. 11 /Basic Tandy 1200 . 89.95 75.00
25-41 04 MS-DOS 3.1/Basic/Deskmate Tandy 3000 99.95 85.00
CALL TOLL FREE 1-800-248-3823
For Technical Questions and Information on our complete line of
computer accessories and current prices:
CALL 1-517-625-4161
Mon.-Fri. 9-5, Sat. 9-3
All prices and offers may be changed or withdrawn without notice. Advertised prices are
cash prices. C.O.D. accepted ($10.00 charge per carton on C.O.D. Call for further
C.O.D. information.) M.C., Visa, add 2%. A.X., add 3%. All non-defective items re-
turned will be subject to 10% restocking fee. Defective items require return merchan-
dise authorization. Call for R.M.A. Number before returning. Delivery is subject to
product availability.
124 SOUTH MAIN STREET • PERRY, Ml 48872
26-3136 16K Standard Color Computer 2 . . $119.95 $ 99.00
26-3127 64K Extended Color Computer 2 , 199.95 169.00
26-3131 Disk Drive 0 for Color Computer . . 299.95 240.00
26-3130 Disk Drive 1 for Drive 0 199.95 169.00
26-3008 Joystick . . 1 9.95 1 6.95
26-3012 Deluxe Joystick (EACH) 29.95 25.00
26-3018 Extended Basic Kit 39.95 36.00
26-1208 CCR-81 Tape Recorder 59.95 50.00
26-1 173 DCM-3 Direct Connect Modem . . . 59.95 50.00
SOFTWARE
30001210 Telewriter 64 Tape $ 49.95 $42.00
30001220 Telewriter 64 Disk 59.95 49.00
30001110 VIP Writer 69.95 59.00
30001140 VIP Database 59.95 49.00
30001150 VIP Terminal Disk 49.95 45.00
30001170 VIP Integrated Software 149.95 139.00
30001130 SS/DD 10 Pack Diskettes 21.00 14.00
PRINTERS AND ACCESSORIES
26-1276 DMP-105 80 cps Dot Matrix $199.95 $169.00
26-1280 DMP-1 30 Dot Matrix 349.95 285.00
20001025 EPSON LX-80 Printer 369.95 225.00
20001515 EPSON LX-80 Tractor Feed 29.95 25.00
20021070 OKI DATA 182 Printer 299.00 245.00
20041020 STAR SG-10 Printer 299.00 250.00
300091 1 0 BOTEK Serial to Parallel Interface 59.00
PERRY COMPUTERS •
48 THE RAINBOW September 1986
1 MHM 16K
■
16K
f the ]
• warn
SIMULATION
| ECB
Mod.
RAINBOW
Rattle Rattle
Thunder Clatter
Boom Boom Boom
Discover the inner workings of your ailing car
By Michael B. Kromeke
his program allows you to see
some of the internal workings of
a running engine. The engine is
Michael Kromeke holds an associates
degree in electronics engineering tech-
nology and is a technician with AT&T
Communications in Albuquerque, New
Mexico. Mike enjoys programming the
Co Co, photography and coin collect-
ing.
started by pressing k S\ As it starts, the
car key moves into the ignition switch
and turns. The oil warning light comes
on, the fuel gauge goes from empty to
full, the fan starts to turn and the oil
warning light goes off. The four pistons
start moving up and down and the spark
plugs fire.
When the engine is running, press *T'
for a trouble selection. This puts one of
five troubles into the engine in random
order. You must try to start the engine
September 1986 THE RAINBOW 49
Next to your Tandy* or
nothing beats a
High-quality printers — at
hard-to-beat prices!
Now that you have the
home or office computer you
wanted, get the printer you
need. A Tandy printer!
Tandy printers are designed
to give you exceptional print
quality, graphics and high
performance — all at afford-
able prices. Your nearby Radio
Shack Computer Center has a
complete line of printers, from
high-speed dot matrix to
letter-quality daisy wheels.
There's sure to be one that
will suit your particular print-
ing requirements — and
budget — to a tee.
Budget-priced high
performer
The DMP 105 (26-1276,
$199.95) is the low-cost solu-
tion for data-processing and
general-purpose use. The
DMP 105 features a bidirec-
tional head that prints 80
characters per line at 43 lines
per minute (10 cpi). Elon-
gated and condensed modes
are also available. Prints up to
80 characters per second. Par-
allel and Color Computer-
compatible serial interfaces.
Triple -mode "personal
printer"
The low-cost, versatile
DMP 130 (26-1280, $349.95)
features word-processing and
data-processing, as well as
dot-addressable graphics
modes. You can choose from
four character styles: standard
or italic cursive, in draft or
correspondence modes. The
DMP 130 supports super/
subscripts, double-width,
bold, double-strike and micro-
fonts. The bidirectional, logic-
seeking print head prints
original, plus two copies on 4"
to 10" fanfold paper or single
sheets. Prints up to 100 char-
acters per second. Built-in
tractor. Parallel and Color
Computer-compatible serial
interfaces. IBM® PC
compatible.
PC^ compatible computer,
Tandy printer*
Low -cost business printer
The DMP 430 (26-1277,
$699.00) is a dot-matrix
printer with an 18-wire print
head that delivers superior
correspondence fonts in a sin-
gle pass. Prints 10, 12, or 16.7
cpi, plus elongated, standard,
elite and condensed. You can
also get micro, italic and
double-high fonts. Prints origi-
nal, plus two copies at 1 80
characters per second. IBM
PC compatible.
Power for business
Get high speed and high
performance with our finest
printer, the DMP 2200
(26-1279, $1695.00). Efficient,
fast printing means no long
and costly delays for reports.
Supports elongated, double-
high, bold, underline, super/
subscripts, italics and
double-strike modes, plus bit-
image graphics. Prints up to
380 characters per second.
Features a true pin-driven
tractor — not sprocket. Prints
original, plus up to six copies.
Parallel interface only IBM
PC compatible.
In Business . . .
for Business
For the best value and se-
lection in printers, shop Radio
Shack. We've got the right
match for your machine!
Radio /hack
The Technology Store 1
A DIVISION OF TANDY CORPORATION
pa w
Send me an RSC-17 Computer Catalog.
I
I
Name
j Company
Mail to: Radio Shack, Dept. 87-A-53
300 One Tandy Center
Fort Worth, Texas 76102
I
I
Address
9| City
State
ZIP
Phone _
1
1
-1
'J
Prices apply at Radio Shack Computer Centers and at participating
stores and dealers. The DMP 430 may require special order.
IBM/Registered TM International Business Machines Corp.
again. If it fails to start or does not run
properly, you must go to the checklist
by pressing fc C\
The checklist gives 11 different pos-
sibilities. Choose one of the possibilities
and information about that kind of
trouble is displayed. You will be told
whether you have correctly identified
the problem or not.
If an incorrect answer is picked, you
are sent back for another look at the
trouble. A correct answer returns you to
a properly running engine. After cor-
rectly finding all five troubles, your
score and skill level are displayed. The
three skill levels are beginner, shade tree
mechanic and master mechanic.
Anytime the engine is running, even
improperly, you may stop and start it
by pressing *S\
To run this program with only 16K,
delete all REM statements. Deleting the
following lines will not affect the pro-
gram: 30, 34, 38, 42, 48, 70, 84, 88, 92,
96, 100, 106, 1 12, 120, 176, 180, 184, 188
and 216.
52 THE RAINBOW September 1986
Variables
A
answer
B
miscellaneous counter
CI
cylinder 1
C2
cylinder 2
C3
cylinder 3
C4
cylinder 4
■pv
D
number of trouble
E
oil leak counter
F
vertical location of cylinder
G
picture of piston
H
picture of key in slot
I & M
trouble in engine
K
number of right answers
W
wrong answer counter
Y
horizontal location of
cylinder
A$
draw picture of fan not
turning
Z$
miscellaneous input
(Mr. Kromeke can be reached at 9940
Academy Knolls N.E., Albuquerque,
NM 87111. Please enclose an SASE
when writing.) □
fiim I I ' f ll
*. niL
an TT.j
FUEL DIL V O LT 5
PRESS "T" FDR TROUBLE
K EY
** CHECK LIST **
1) MISSING U-JOINTS
2) FUEL TANK EMPTY
3) ROTATE TIRES
4) BATTERY IS DEAD
5) REPLACE MASTER CYLINDER
6) SPARK PLUG NOT FIRING
7) FLUSH COOLING SYSTEM
8) OIL LEAK
9) CATALYTIC CONVERTER
10) AIR INTAKE BLOCKED
11) OIL PRESSURE LOW
CHOOSE ONE OF THE ABOVE
* - .'V:.
24 ...
....140
148 ...
» . . > 99
54 ...
....180
160 ...
...249
64 ...
....165
174 ...
...237
90 ,
201
196
12
114 ..
30
END ..
...111
136 ..
68
(.-.v.. t
T
: ENGINE
2 CLEAR20J3 : DIM A, B, CI , C2 , C3 , C4 , D
,E, F,G(7) ,H(18) , I,M,R: Cl=12 : C2=3
:C3=9:C4=6:B=RND( -TIMER)
4 GOSUB196:GOT05j3
6 ON F GOSUB36,40,44, 40,36,32, 36
, 4 J3 , 4 4 , 4J3 , 3 6 , 3 2 : RETURN
8 SCREENl : Y=/3 : F=C1 : GOSUB6 : C1=C1+
IMF Cl=13 THEN DRAWBM86 , 51C4ND
2 " : PLAY"T255A" : GOSUB2 8 : DRAW" C1ND
2»:C1=1
10 Y=23 : F=C2 : G0SUB6 : C2=C2+1 : IFC2
«13 AND DO 3 THEN DRAW"BM109 , 51C4
ND2" : PLAY "A" : GOSUB2S : DRAW"C1ND2"
02 X
12 IF C2=13 THEN C2=l
14 Y«46 : F=C3 : GOSUB6 : C3=C3+1 : IFC3
-13 THEN DRAWBM132 , 51C4ND2" : PLA
Y"A" : GOSUB28 : DRAWC1ND2 » : C3=l
16 IF D=4 THEN PSET(126+RND(44) ,
112+RND (7) ,2) : E=E+1 : IF E>100 THE
N: PAINT (80,144) ,4,3: SOUND2 ,20: GO
HO220
18 Y=69 : F=C4 : GOSUB6 : C4=C4+1 : IFC4
tftffc THEN DRAW»BM155 , 51C4ND2 " : PLA
Y"A» : GOSUB2 8 : DRAWC1ND2 " : C4=l
20 Z$=INKEY$:IFZ$=""THEN8
22 IF Z$="T"AND D=0THEN 1=1+1 :D=
M(I) :GOTO50
24 IF Z$="C"AND D<>0 THEN122
2 6 IF Z$="S"THEN116 ELSE 8
28 FORB=1TO1J30 : NEXTB : RETURN
30 'CYLINDER MOVEMENT POSITION 1
32 PUT(8j3+Y,55)-(92+Y,71) ,G,PSET
: RETURN
34 'POSITION 2
36 PUT(8j3+Y,59) -(92+Y,75) ,G,PSET
: RETURN
38 'POSITION 3
4 0 PUT (8J3+Y, 63) - (92+Y, 79) , G, PSET
: RETURN
42 'POSITION 4
44 PUT(8j3+Y,67)-(92+Y,83) ,G>PSET
* RETURN
4 6 PRINT© 4 88," PRESS <RETURN> " ; : L
INEINPUTZ$ : RETURN
48 'MAIN SCREEN
5 0 PMODE3 , 1 : PCLS : SCREENl , 0 : DRAW"
BM0 , 0 C2R2 5 5 Dl 2 j3 L2 5 5U 1 20 BM7 0 , 4 6 C 4
RlJ30D40L10j3U40H4U4E4R10j3F4D4G4L4
4BU12U10R2J3E4U8H4L6J3G4L16H2L2D12
R2E2R16F4R16NR22D10BMj3, 191R255"
52 A$="BM6J3, 68C3H10U14E4F4D14G8D
4F4NE4G4D14F4E4U14H4 " : DRAW"BM7j3 ,
86C4D6F4R4J3F6D6F2R42L2D2L3U2R5E6
U18BM70 , 60L10D14NR10" : DRAW"XA$ ;B
M154 , 34RU12E4R4F4D12BM130 , 94NR4D
5R4U5BR4D5BR4NU5R3BL14BD4ND5R4D2
September 1986 THE RAINBOW 53
54 DRAW"BM36, 28C2NR4D2NR4D3BR8U5
, 19C4U3NR
it
56 DRAW"BM204 , 98C4R40D18L40U18R6
U2R4D2R4U2R4D2R4U2R4D2R4U2R4D2L3
0BD6ND6C3R4D3NL4D3NL3BR4U6R4D3NL
ii
58 DRAW»BM78,79C4U25R16D25BR7U25
R16D25BR7U25R16D25BR7U25R16D25BM
86, 50C3R68E8U18L2D18G7L44BM14 , 64
0U3 9 " : P0KE17 8 , 207 : PAINT (34,55) , ,
3 : P0KE178 , 3 : G0SUB8 6
6j3 DRAW"BM14, 126C3NR4D3NR2D3BR8N
4D6R4U6NL4BR4D6BR4NU6R4BR32H2U4B
L2R2BR4NR4D3R4D3L4BM8 , 138NR4D3NR
2D3R4"
62 DRAW"BR32U3NR2U2R4BR18NR26D12
R2 6U12BR18NR4D6R4U3L4U3BR24 BU4 NR
3R4BM26 , 164C2H16BM214 , 54C4ND8R12
D2NL12D6L12R5D4BR3U6L3D2 " : GET (21
4 , 50 ) - ( 2 2 6 , 6 6 ) , G , G : LINE ( 2*4,50)^
(226,66) , PRESET, ^Mkf$m0m0S,^m
64 DRAW" BH13 6, 164C2" : IF D«=2 THEN
DRAW"H16"ELSEDRAW"E16" ! f
66 CIRCLE ( 2 2j3, 58) ,14,3, . 9 : DRAW»B
M212, 64C3NE14F3E14": PAINT (220, 58
) ,4 ,3:GET(206,46) -(234, 70) ,H,G:L
INE (206 , 46) -(234,70) , PRESET, BFsG
OSUB102
68 IF D=5 THEN PAINT(64,20) ,2,4:
G0T0182
70 ^^^^w^k^i^^-Wt^^
72 IF INKEY$<>"S"THEN72 ELSEGOSU
B90
74 IF D=l ^^B^m^^M^hM^
76 IF D=2 THEN178
78 GOSUB94 : FORB=0TO52STEP3 : LINE (
50, 42+B) - (58 , 42+B) , PRESET: PLAY" T
140O1AF " : NEXTB : PAINT (80, 144) ,1 ,3
5GOSUB9S
80 IF D=3 OR D=4 THEN GOSUB108 E
LSE GOSUB114
82 GOT08
84 'DRAW KEY , CIRCLE & WORD KEY
8 6 CIRCLE ( 190,140) ,14,3, .9: DRAW"
BM188 , 150C3U20R4D20BR20NH4E4F4E4
Two- Liner Contest Winner .
For this game, use the
target up and down and
them get by you, though.
The listing:
joystick to move the
the arrows. Don't let
1 CLS0:A$=CHR$(191) : B$=CHR$ (12 7 )
: C$=CHR$ (128) : Q=2:Y=13/63 :C=32:C
A=3 : PRINT@9 , "ARROW CATCH" ; : PRINT
@34 , "ARROWS : " , "CATCHERS : » / : FORZ=
1T09 : Z»l : R=RND ( 14 ) *32+64 :FORX=Q
TO30:J=JOYSTK(0) : J- (INT (JOYSTK (1
)*Y)*C+64) :IF LOJ THENPRINT@L, C
$;:PRINT@J,A$;:L=J
2 PLAY"T25503A" :PRINT@R-X, C$ ; : PR
INT@R-X-1 , B$ ; :.NEXTX : CA=( INT (AR/5
0 )+3-SU) : Q=2+INT(AR/10 ) :PRINT@57
,CA; : PRINTQR-X, C$ ; : IFR-X=J+1THEN
SOUND 100 , 1 : AR»AR+1 : PRINT® 42, AR ; :
NEXTELSESU=SU+1: CA=CA-1 : PRINT@57
, CA ; : IFCA=0THENPRINT, "BY KEVIN D
ERB Y " ELSENEXT
Kevin Derby
Lubbock, TX
(For this winning two-liner contest entry, the author has been sent copies
of both The Rainbow Book of Simulations and its companion The Rainbow
Simulations Tape.)
Two- Liner Contest Winner . . .
Nitstrik is a neat little shoot~em-up. Center the
enemy's chopper in your sights using the joystick and
fire when ready. Caution: It isn't as easy as it sounds!
The listing:
'r.<n
1 PM0DE4 : SCREEN 1 , 1 : PCLS : 0=12 8 : P»
96 : C$=*"U1NL8NR8D1L1G1D1F1NG2R2NF
2E1U1H1NL1G1NR2NL2H1" : FORJ»1TO10
00: PCLS :X= JOYSTK (0) *4 : Y=JOYSTK( 1
) *3 : CIRCLE (X, Y) ,8 : H=-RND(10) : V»RN
D (10) : 0=0+H-5 : P=P+V-5 : DRAW'S 8 BM"
+STR$(0) +»,"+STR$(P)+C$
2 Q=rPEEK (65 280 ) :IFQ=127 0RQ=255
ORX+3<0 0RX-3>0 0RY+3<P ORY-
THENNEXT : ELSEP0KE359 , 126 : CLS : '
NT " N I GHT - S TRI KE REPORT: ", "ENEMY
KILLED IN "J "MOVES", "AGAIN (Y/N) "
; : INPUT D$ : I FD$ <> " Y "THENPRINT "MI
SSION TERMINATED" : END : ELSE RUN
Searcy, A H
(For this winning two-liner contest entry, the author has been sent copies
of both The Rainbow Book of Simulations and its companion the Rainbow
Simulations Tape.)
54 THE RAINBOW September 1986
NR4U3 NR2U3 R4 BR4 D2R4NU2 L2 D4 >' : PAIN
T(216,144) ,2,3:RETURN
88 'KEY TO START POSITION
90 LINE (208 , 135) - (248 ,153 ) , PRESE
T, BF:PLAY"T80ABCDEF" : PUT ( 176 ,128
)- (204, 152) ,H,PSET: RETURN
92 'FUEL GAGE FROM E TO F W<
94 PAINT (80 , 144 ) , 4 , 3 : GOSUB28 : DRA
W"BM2 6 , 164C1NH16 » : GOSUB2 8 : DRAW" C
2NU16" :G0SUB28:DRAW"C1NU16» :GOSU
B28 :DRAW"C2E16»: GOSUB28 : RETURN
96 'BLANK BOX
98 LINE (44, 176) -(255, 19/3) , PRESET
, BF : RETURN
100 'DRAW PRESS S FOR START
102 DRAWBM0, 182C3ND6R4D3L4D3BR8
>.>:-vA'l."
NR4D3R4D3NL4BR4BU4U2BR8R2NR2D6BR
6NR4U6R4D6BR9BU6NR4D3R4D3NL4BR6U
6L2R4 BR4ND6R4 D3NL4 D3 BR4U6R4 D3L4R
2F3BR6U6L2R4"
104 DRAW" BR8NR4 D6R4U6BR4ND6R4 D3 L
4RF3BR10BU6NR4D3R4D3NL4BR6U6L2R4
1
106 'DRAW C FOR CHECK LIST
108 DRAWBM45, 182C3ND2BR4NR4D6R4
6R4BR4D3R2NE3NF3L2D3 " Ifiil^i?i|ill4
110 DRAWBR16NU6R4BR4U6BR4NR4D3R
4D3NL4BR6U6NL2R2 " : RETURN
112 'DRAW T FOR TROUBLE
114* DRAW" BM4 5 , 182C3ND2BR4R2NR2D6
BR6BU4U2BR7NR4D3NR2D3BR8NR4U6R4D
6BR4U6R4D3L4R2F3BR12U6NL2R2BR4ND
6R4D3 L4RF3 BR4NR4U6R4 D6BR4NU6R4U6
BR4 D6R4U3NL4U3NL4 BR 4 D6R4 BR4NR4U3
NR3U3R4": RETURN
116 DRAW"XA$ ; BM2 6 , 1 6 4 CINE 1 6 " : GOS
UB28 : DRAW"C2NU16": GOSUB28 J DRAW'C
1NU16C2H16" : LINE (176, 126) - (250, 1
52 ) , PRESET , BF : GOSUB98 : GOSUB86 : GO
SUB102:GOTO72
118 PRINTS487, "PRESS <RETURN> " ;
: LINEINPUTZ $ : RETURN
120 'CHECK LIST pM'&SI&M vJ$&:
122 CLS : PRINTS 8 , "** CHECK LIST *
*":PRINT@68,"1) MISSING U-JOINTS
" : PRINTS 100 , " 2 ) FUEL TANK EMPTY"
124 PRINT© 13 2 ,"3 ) ROTATE TIRES":
PRINTS164,"4) BATTERY IS DEAD"
126 PRINTS 196, "5) REPLACE
CYLINDER" : PRINT (§2 28 , " 6) S PARK P
LUG NOT FIRING" *m
128 PRINTS 2 60, "7) FLUSH COOLING
ERTER" : PRINTS 3 55," 10) AIR INTAKE
BLOCKED"
132 prints387,"11) oil pressure
low" „;'■,,.:",;,
134 prints 4 50, "choose one of the
above" ; : inputz$ : a=val ( z $ )
136 if a<1 or a>11 then sound1 , 1
IGOT0134
138 ON A GOTO140, 142 , 146, 150, 154
,156,160,164,168,172,174
140 CLS: PRINTS 4,"** MISSING U-JO
INTS **" : PRINTS 65, "THE U-JOINTS
CONNECT THE DRIVE- SHAFT TO THE
DIFFERENTIAL WHICH TURN THE WHEE
LS. THE U-JOINTS ARE NOT IN TH
I S PROGRAM . " : GOTO 1 90
142 CLS:PRINTS6,"** FUEL TANK EM
PTY * * " : PRINTS 6 5 , " LOCATED ON THE
LEFT SIDE OF THE SCREEN, THE E
STANDS FOR EMPTY AND F STANDS F
OR FULL. GASOLINE IS MADE FROM P
ETROLEUM THAT IS A NATURAL FLAM
MABLE LIQUID"
144 PRINT" HYDROCARBON MIXTURE T
HAT COST AN ARM AND A LEG.": GO
TO190
146 CLS:PRINT§6,"** ROTATE TIRES
' * * " : PRINTS 6 5 , "YOU CAN INCREASE
THE LIFE OF YOUR TIRES BY ROT
ATING THEM ONCE EVERY 5000 M
ILES OR SO. CARS WITH FRONT-W
HEEL DRIVE SHOULD NOT BE ROT
ATED. TO GET MAXIMUM TIRE LIFE
YOU SHOULD"
148 PRINT" CHECK AIR PRESSURE EV
ERY 30 DAYS WHEN TIRES ARE C
OLD FOR MANUFACTURER RECOMMEN
DED PRES- SURE . " : GOTO190 : GOSUB
150 CLS:PRINTS6, »** BATTERY IS D
EAD **" :PRINT@65, "THIS CAR IS RU
NNING ON A 12 VOLT SYSTEM. C
KECKING THE VOLTAGE READIN
G ON THE INSTRU- MENT PANEL WE
CAN SEE IF WE HAVE THE PROPE
R READING. ANY- THING ABOVE 9.
6 VOLTS AFTER 15"
152 PRINT" SECONDS OF CRANKING T
HE ENGINE SHOULD BE ADEQUATE.":
GOTO190
154 CLS:PRINT@2,"** REPLACE MATE
R CYLINDER **" : PRINTS 6 5 , "THE MAS
TER CYLINDER IS NOT SHOWN I
N THIS DIAGRAM. IT IS A VERY IM
PORTANT PART OF THE BRAKE S
M.":GOTO190
156 CLS:PRINT@2,"** SPARK PLUG N
SYSTEM" : PRINTS 2 9 2 , " 8 ) OIL LEAK"
130 PRINTS324,"9) CATALYTIC CONV
: >•->.
OT FIRING **":PRINT§65,"THE IGNI
TION SYSTEM IS DESIGNED TO IGNIT
September 1986 THE RAINBOW 55
E THE AIR/ FUEL MIXTURE THAT IS
DRAWN INTO THE ENGINE THROUGH
THE CARBURETOR. IF THE SPARK PL
UGS FAIL TO FIRE THEN"
158 PRINT" YOUR ENGINE WILL NOT
RUN PROP- ERLY.":GOTO190
160 CLS .'PRINTS 2,"** FLUSH COOLIN
G SYSTEM **": PRINTS 65, "THE COOLI
NG SYSTEM SHOULD BE DRAINED A
ND FLUSHED EVERY TWO YEARS, AN
D NEW COOLANT ADDED. THE RADIA
TOR IS SHOWN IN THIS DIAGRAM A
ND HELPS KEEP THE"
162 PRINT" ENGINE FROM OVER HEAT
ING BUT DOES NOT EFFECT ITS R
UNNING.":GOTO190
164 CLS 'PRINT S9y " ** OIL LEAK **"
: PRINTS 65, "KEEP YOUR EYES ON THE
OIL PAN . IF IT STARTS TO LEAK
WE WILL SEE THE OIL WARNING L"
IGHT COME"
1 66 PRINT " ON JUST BEFORE THE EN
GINE FREEZES UP, DO TO LACK
OF ",» LUBRICANT . ": GOTO 19J3
168 CLS : PRINTS 3, "** CATALYTIC CO
NVERTER **": PRINTS 65, "THIS UNIT
CONVERTS HYDROCAR- BONS AND C
ARBON MONOXIDE INTO CARBON DIO
XIDE AND WATER VAPOR. EXPECTED S
ERVICE LIFE IS ABOUT"
170 PRINT" 50,000 MILES AND IS N
OT IN THIS PROGRAM. » : GOTO190 1
172 CLS: PRINTS 3,"** AIR INTAKE B
LOCKED * * " : PRINTS 65," THE AIR CLE
ANER HAS A DISPOS- ABLE FILTER
ELEMENT THAT SHOULD BE CHANGED
WHEN IT BECOMES BLOCKED WIT
H DIRT. IF AIR CAN NOT GET TO
THE CARBURETOR WE WILL FAIL T
0 GET IGNITION. " :GOTO190
174 CLS:PRINTS4, "** OIL PRESSURE
LOW **» : PRINTS 6 5 , "THE RED WARNI
NG LIGHT WILL COME ON WHEN OIL P
RESSURE IS LOW. THIS LIGHT WI
LL COME ON MOMEN- TARILY WHEN S
TART ING ENGINE .": GOTO190
176 'BATTERY DEAD
178 GOSUB98 : GOSUB108 : IF INKEY$=»
CTHEN122ELSE178
180 'AIR INTAKE BLOCKED
182 IF INKEY$<>"S"THEN182 ELSEGO
SUB90 : GOSUB9 4 : PAINT (8JZJ, 144 ) , 1, 3
184 'NO GAS
186 GOSUB9 8 : GOSUB108 : FORY=1T03 : P
LAY" T30ABCDEEDCBA" : GOSUB2 8: NEXTY
:IF INKEY$«"C"THEN122 ELSE186
188 1 CORRECT ANSWER OR NOT
190 IF A=D*2 THENPRINTS422,"* CO
RRECT ANSWER *":R=R+1:D=0 : SOUND1
40 , 11 : SOUND180 , 11 : S0UND176 , 4 : SOU
ND165 , 4 : SOUND154 , 4 :SOUND200, 12 : S
OUND180 , 17 : GOSUB4 6 : IF R=5 THEN 20
8 ELSE50
192 PRINTS425,«WRONG ANSWER" : SOU
ND1/4 : W=W+ 1 : GOSUB4 6 m fMfifM
194 SCREENl , 0 I ON D GOT0186, 178,8
, 8 , 186
196 CLS0: PRINTS TRING $ ( 160 , 191) ;S
TRING$ (160 ,207) ;STRING$ (160, 175)
; : PRINTS 7 1 , "4 CYLINDER ENGINE" ; :
PRINTS2 30, "EDUCATIONAL PROGRAM" ;
: PRINTS3 91 , "MICHAEL B KROMEKE";
198 A=A+1
200 M=RND ( 5) : F0RB=1T05
202 IF M=M ( B ) THEN2 0 0 S
204 NEXTB : M ( A) =M : IF A<5 THEN138
206 GOSUB2 18: RETURN HrlS?^
208 D=5/(5+W) : CLS: PRINTS 7 2, "NUMB
ER CORRECT 5" : PRINTS 136 , "NUMBER
WRONG"W: PRINTS 200 , "SCORE ="INT(1
00*D) »%":GOSUB218:IF D<.5 THEN P
RINTS264 , "BEGINNER"
210 IF D>.49 AND D<1 THENPRINTS2
62, "SHADE TREE MECHANIC"
212 IF D=l THENPRINTS264 , "MASTER
MECHANIC " »'WB- ? 5
214 GOSUB218:PRINTS328,'»PLAY AGA
IN Y/N " ; : INPUTZ $ : IFZ$="N"THEN EN
D ELSE RUN
•:216 'JOPLIN'S ENTERTAINER |
218 PLAY"V30T2O2L8DD+EL4O3CO2L8E !
03L4C02L8E03CL2CL8CCDD+ECDEE02BO
3 DL2.CL4": RETURN
220 CLS4: PRINTS 192," OIL LEAKED
OUT OF ENGINE AND IT FROZE UP. Y
OU LOST YOUR ENGINE AND THE GAM
E. SORRY 11!" H
56
THE RAINBOW September 1986
s Battle the
t of Disk Drives
New Lower Price
Un-DISK Drives $4&35?
34.95
You Bet! There are empty spaces in your 32K
and 64K CoCo. The Preble VDOS Un-DISK
helps you fill them up with PROGRAMS!
Un-DISK uses your computer's extra
memory like a fast disk drive.
Un-DISK can store BASIC and MACHINE
LANGUAGE programs.
Un-DISK is INVISIBLE. Yup! Un-DISK
does not interfere with normal Color Com-
puter Operation.
Un-DISK appears only when you type the
magic word VDOS.
Un-DISK comes with comprehensive in-
structions which you may not need be-
cause:
Un-DISK is self-prompting and easy to
use!
Un-DISK is provided on cassette.
Un-DISK is faster than a slow clumsy
DISK DRIVE and best of all . . .
Un-DISK is CHEAPER than a DISK DRIVE!
Un-DISK will work even if you already own
a disk but WHY BUY A DISK AT ALL?
Un-DISK should be in the library of every
serious CoCo user even if you own a disk
says Frank J. Esser, independent reviewer
for rainbow Magazine!
OK sure, disk drives ARE NICE. I own one.
But if yourfinances are limited, the Un-DISK
can give you much of the power of the
mechanical drive. Even if you already own a
disk the Un-DISK can work like a super fast
extra disk.
EXTRA . . . EXTRA . . . EXTRA . . . EXTRA . . .
Additional Power For $14.95
Only with VDUMP for the Un-DISK!
• VDUMP lets you make a cassette backup
copy of everything stored in the Un-DISK.
• VDUMP lets you save 5, 10, 15 or more
programs on a single cassette tape file.
• VDUMP lets you switch Un-DISKs. With a
single load operation replace a group of
financial programs with a set of children's
programs. (The new VDUMP tape over-
writes the old.)
• VDUMP can allow you to save a whole lot
of rainbow on tape in a SINGLE file.
• VDUMP is the perfect companion to the
Preble VDOS Un-DISK.
Available from Doctor Preble's Programs,
naturally! Bringing you fine Color Computer
Products Since 1983!
The Preble VDOS Un-DISK $34.95
The Preble VDUMP $14.95
Shipping & handling
U.S. and Canada $1.50
or $5.00 to other foreign points
VISA and MasterCard accepted
Order From:
Dr. Preble's Programs
6540 Outer Loop
Louisville, KY 40228
(502) 966-8281
Canadians may order from Kelly Software
EDUCATION
The time has come, " the parent said,
To learn about the clock.
Of hours and numbers and second
hands, of minutes and things,
Why the six is 30 called,
And whether on 12 it rings. "
One of the skills all children must
learn is how to read a clock. The
schools teach children how to
tell time, but I feel most children could
learn this skill sooner and more easily
if they had the proper help at home. I
wrote Clock for the Color Computer to
assist parents in teaching their children
how to tell time. Please note that this
program is not intended to be a self-
Dennis Norton lives in Quincy, Illinois
and has owned his Co Co about four
years. He is a self-taught programmer
who enjoys using the computer to solve
problems and lessen the drudgery of
household tasks.
teaching program. It requires a teacher
to explain the significance of the screen
exercises; however, it can be used by a
child alone after he becomes familiar
with it. Preschoolers will also gain
practice in handling numbers; for exam-
ple, they will learn that twelve is 12, not
21.
Using the program is a simple matter;
just type it in and run it. You see a title
screen and then there is a delay of about
forty seconds while the computer is
calculating the necessary data for the
clock display. When the blinking line
appears below the clock face, the pro-
gram is waiting for you to type in the
time shown on the clock.
■ KTJ
58 THE RAINBOW September 1986
Figure 1. Level one screen display after giving correct
answer on second try.
Figure 2. Level four screen display with user-control
feature.
The program has five levels which
introduce different formats and degrees
of difficulty. In the first level all times
shown are on the hour. There are re-
strictions on what key input will be
accepted, but the left-arrow key can be
used to backspace and change answers.
When you have typed in an answer,
press ENTER and the computer tells you
if you are correct. As in all the levels,
a wrong answer causes a short, disap-
proving sound, then your answer disap-
pears and you have a second chance to
type in the correct time. After a second
try, or a correct first try, you must press
any key to continue to the next time
question. Figure 1 shows how the screen
appears after a correct answer on the
second try.
The computer displays time ques-
tions until all the possibilities at this
level have been answered correctly.
When that occurs, if you have given
more than three wrong answers, the
program recycles to the beginning of
level one.
On level two, answers are expected in
the form XX minutes after XX o'clock.
Possible times of 0-30 minutes in incre-
ments of five after a random hour are
displayed. This level recycles if more
than two wrong answers are recorded.
The third level requires answers in the
form XX minutes before XX o'clock.
Times of 0-30 minutes in five minute
increments before a random hour are
displayed. This level also recycles if
more than two wrong answers are
recorded.
The fourth level displays a random
time in increments of five minutes. The
student is required to enter the minutes,
whether it is before or after, and the
hour. A correct answer causes the time
to be displayed in digital format in
addition to the normal display. More
than two wrong answers causes level
four to recycle.
The fifth and last level displays a
random time and requires the answer to
be given in digital format. This level
recycles if more than four wrong
answers are given before 24 correct
answers are attained.
After all five levels are completed,
your record of right and wrong answers
is displayed, and a rendition of Grand-
father's Clock by Henry Work is played.
Then you're asked to choose what level
you would like to re-enter for more
practice. An out-of-range entry causes
the program to end.
Since this program is a tool to be used
by an adult in teaching children, I
included a user-control feature to help
you answer your child's questions and
supply additional information. When-
ever the program is waiting for a key to
be pressed after a correct answer (or two
incorrect answers), press the up-arrow
key instead. The clock hands disappear
and a blue rectangle appears in the
upper-right section of the screen, leav-
ing the remainder of the screen undis-
turbed. The line cursor in the rectangle
waits for you to type in a time in digital
format. The space and backspace do not
register, but incorrect times (e.g., 09:63)
are ignored.
Once you have entered the four digits
of a valid time, the clock face displays
that time. The program then accepts
one of three key commands: T\ 'R' and
the down-arrow key. l T' clears the
displayed time and allows you to enter
a new time. 'R' runs the clock; the
present time is increased by one minute
and this new time is displayed on the
screen. The clock continues to run until
the 'S' key is pressed. The down-arrow
key returns to the main program which
then continues as if there has been no
interruption. Figure 2 shows an exam-
ple of this feature being used in level
four.
After using the program a while, you
may find you would like to change two
factors. Each level has a certain number
of possible choices of time to display. If
the student doesn't answer a display
correctly, that choice is put back into
the pool of possible choices. The pro-
gram will not advance to the next level
until all available choices have been
answered correctly. However, this can
be tiresome during debugging or for a
child who has mastered the early levels.
For level one, Line 1390 checks NR
(number of right answers) against 12
(number of possible right answers) to
see if another loop through the level is
desired.
If you do not want to display all
possible choices, decrease 12 to the
number of choices you want to use. Do
not use a number larger than 12 or the
program will be caught in an endless
loop. The lines for levels two through
five are 2390, 2390, 4590 and 5340.
The second thing you might want to
change involves the number of wrong
answers allowed before a level is re-
peated. For level one, Line 1410 checks
NW (number of wrong answers) against
three, which is an arbitrary number I
chose to indicate the need for more
practice before advancing to the next
level. You can change this number to
suit your own situation, but it should
not be a negative number. The corre-
sponding lines for levels two to five are
2420, 2440, 4610 and 5360.
60 THE RAINBOW September 1986
If you are considering typing in the
program, you may be discouraged by its
length, but it is not necessary to type the
entire program to use part of it. If you
aren't sure the program is worth the
effort, type in all lines up to 1420 and
you will have level one. Additional
levels can by typed as your fingers
recover. The user-control feature will
not operate at any level unless you have
also typed lines 8000 to 8390.
As a bonus for typing the program
you will acquire an adaptable clock face
routine. The routine is based on the
coordinates of the center of the circle
(XX,YY) and the radius of the circle
(R). By changing these three variables
found in Line 106, you control the size
and position of the clock on the screen.
The only exception is that the size of the
numbers on the face will not change. To
draw the hands on the clock, set Z equal
to the minutes (0-60) and HH equal to
the hour (1-12) and G0SUB 50. For
example, if you want to display a time
of 10:23, let Z=23 and HH=10. To erase
the hands use a line similar to Line 1 380,
first setting the draw color to the clock
face color. The lines needed by the
routine are 100 to 106, 150 to 174 and
300 to 620 to set up the data and display,
and the subroutine 50 to 68 to draw the
clock hands.
I'm sure parents have used many
different methods to teach their chil-
dren how to tell time, but this program
can help if you are willing to invest time
and knowledge. I hope you find Clock
adds a little fun and encouragement to
your child's learning experience.
(Questions about this program may
be directed to Mr. Norton at 425 Carol
Drive, Quincy, IL 62301. Please enclose
an SASE for a reply.) □
4320 . ,
125
28 ... .
, 167
1020
224
4500 . .
18
57
203
1220 . ,
, 207
4620 . .
39
74
251
2000
...250
5190
211
150 . ,
, 178
2160
245
5340 ,
80
180
106
2330 . .
• . s. .51
8070 . .
186
380
154
4040
229
8250 . .
200
500
106
4210
16
END
...163
The listing: CLOCK
2 1 COPYRIGHT (C) 198 6 BY DENNIS
NORTON
4 • "CLOCK" 1.12 32K ECB
6 1 ORIGINAL BY D.N.; AID TO TEA
CHING CHILD HOW TO TELL TIME
10 CLEAR2000:PCLEAR4:PMODE3,1:Z=
RND( -TIMER) :CLS5
11 PRINT@109 , "Clock" ;,: PRINT@194 ,
" (C) 1986 BY DENNIS NORTON " ; : P
RINT@ 2 90, "MUSIC: GRANDFATHER'S CL
OCK" ; : PRINT@332 , "BY HENRY C. WOR
K" ; : PRINT@457 , 11 PLEASE WAIT . " ; :
GOTO100
14 IFPPOINT (24 ,191)03. THENDRAW"
C3" ELSE DRAW'Cl"
16 DRAW"S4BM22,191R22" :FORJ=lT05
: NEXT J : RETURN
18 IFPPOINT (VAL(S1$ (C) ) ,191)<>3
THENDRAW" C3 " ELSE DRAW'Cl"
20 DRAW"BM"+S1$ (C) +"R9" : FORJ=lTO
5 : NEXT J : RETURN
22 IFPPOINT (VAL(LEFT$(S1$(C) ,3) )
,VAL(RIGHT$(S1$(C) ,3) ) )<>3 THEND
RAW"C3" ELSEDRAW'Cl"
24 DRAW'S 4 BM"+S1$ (C) +"R9" : RETURN
26 IFPPOINT (88,188)03 THENDRAW"
C3" ELSEDRAW'Cl"
28 DRAW"BM8 8,188 "+BB$+ "BR2 4 "+AA$
: RETURN
30 IFPPOINT (VAL(LEFT$ (Sl$ (CO) ,3)
),16)=3 THENDRAW " C2 " ELSEDRAWC3
ii
32 DRAW"BM"+S1$ ( CO ) + " 1 6R9 " : RETUR
N
34 DRAW"S4BM210,70BD35BL14 D2RFD
RFRFR3 FR3 FR3 ER3 ER3 ERERUERU2 ; BL17
BU35" :GOTO40
36 DRAW"S4BM210,70BD35BL14 D2RFD
RFRFR3 FR3FR3 ER3 ER3 ERERUERU2 ; BL17
BU35"
38 DRAW"S4BM210, 70BD44BL14 U2REU
RERER3ER11FR3FRFRDFRD2 ;BL17BU44"
40 DRAW" L6GL3 GLGLGLDGLGLDGLD2 GLD
2GLD4GLD13R1 ; FD4RFD2RFD2RFDRFRFD
RFRFRFRFRFRFR1 1 ; ERERERERERERUERE
RUERU2 ERU2ERU4ERU 1 3 LI ; HU4LHU2 LHU
2 LHULHLHULHLHLHL3HL9 "
42 DRAWBD16BL5LHLHL3GLGLDRFRFR3
ERERU1 ; BR2 4 LHLHL3 GLGLDRFRFR3 ERER
Ul ; BD5BL19DGLD3GLD4RFRFR4 " : RETUR
N
44 FORI=lTO L: DRAW"BM"+STR$ (8* (I
- 1 ) ) + " , 0R5L3 D5L2R5 " : NEXT I : RETURN
50 IFZ>54 THENW=HH*5+5:GOT055
51 IFZ>42 THENW=HH*5+4:GOT055
52 IFZ>30 THENW=HH*5+3 :GOT055
53 IFZ>19 THENW=HH*5+2 :GOT055
54 IFZ>7 THENW=HH*5+1 ELSEW=HH*5
55 WW=W+15: IFWW>60 THENWW=WW- 60
56 IFW>60 THEN W=W-60
57 H1$="M"+STR$(H(W,4) )+","+STR$
(H(W,5))
58 H2$="M"+STR$(H(WW,4) )+", "+STR
$(H(WW,5) )
59 IFW=0 THENH3$="M"+STR$(H(60,0
) )+","+STR$(H(60,l) ) :GOT061
60 H3$="M"+STR$(H(W-1,2) )+","+ST
R$(H(W-1,3) )
61 H4$="M"+STR$ (H (W,0) ) +" , "+STR$
(H(W,1))
62 H5$="M"+STR$(H(W+1,2) )+", "+ST
R$(H(W+1,3) )
63 M1$="M"+STR$(M(Z,2) )+","+STR$
(M(Z,3))
64 ZZ=Z+15:IFZZ>60 THENZZ=ZZ-60
65 M2$="M"+STR$(M(ZZ,2) )+","+STR
September 1986 THE RAINBOW 61
Prices Change
Every Day.
Please Call
1-800-343-8841
1 DEALER
INQUIRIES §
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$189.95
Drive 0 & 1
$249.95
FCC APPROVED UL LISTED
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TERMS and CONDITIONS:
All prices are cash discounted. However, we do
accept MC, VISA, AMEX & DISCOVER credit cards.
C.O.D.'s are accepted-No deposit required.
Purchase Orders-Corporate, Government & School
P.O.'s are accepted. Please call for details.
Shipping Costs are calculated per order.
Please call for total.
Shipments of all in-stock products are made within
24 hours. Same day service is available upon
request — no added cost.
Not responsible for typographical errors.
Terms and Specifications may
change without notice.
** H<
1-617-881-1800 c O?9
200 Homer Ave
Ashland MA 01721 *3r>
ours: Mon.-Fri. 10 am to 5:30 pm (est) Sat 4:00 pm
Toll Free Ordering^ 1-800-343-8841
Dealer Inquiries
Service & Returns: It is our policy to repair all service
returns within 24-48 hours. Normally same day turn-
around is accomplished. It is necessary to have a
(R)eturn (M)aterial {Authorization to insure
speedy service.
IBM, TAVA, COLUMBIA, 5151, COMPAQ, EAGLE,
TRS/60, HEATH/ZENITH are registered trademarks
of IBM Corp., Tava Corp., Columbia Computer Corp,
Key Tronics Corp, Compaq Corp, Eagle Computer,
Tandy Corp, Zenith Corp, respectively.
1 986 Software Support, Inc. Alt rights reserved.
1986 MicroSmart, \ncAH rights reserved.
BREAKTHROUGH
DEALER
INQUIRIES
INVITED
Prices Change
Every Day.
Please Call
1-800 343-8841
For Lower Prices
MEGADISK " HARD DISK DRIVE SYSTEMS
TOLL FREE ORDERING 1-800-343-8841
For the
IBM/PC, Tandy 1000, TRS/80 Models I/III/IV/4P, Compaq, Tava, PC Workalikes, Color Computers, Heath/Zenith, Max/80
Complete with Hardware, Cables, Software and Quikfit Installation
6 Megabytes Internal Mount IBM/PC \A/r\\ms Starting at $229.95
11 Megabytes Internal Mount IBM/Tandy 1000 r »UVy' AfCU# starting at 349.95
22 Megabytes Internal Mount IBM/Tandy 1000. P a fi + * ''CVV r\w^ startingat
6 Megabytes External System 7?. a " TOf PR/f^Co startingat
10 Megabytes External System 77. **QV&rtic*% j startingat
20 Megabytes External System ' M5©Q CK flA - .... startingat
Tape Backup System — Internal or External (IBM/PC) .""CfS/g. . startingat
IBM/Heath — DOS, 1.0. 2.0. 2.1, 3.0, 3.1 or later
TRS/80- LDOS, TRSDOS 6.x. Newdos/80. Dosplus, CP/M. COCO DOS, Max/80 LDOS, 0S9
459.95
399.95
599.95
749.95
449.95
DOS Drivers:
FULLY WARRANTEED - PARTS AND LABOR — CALL TOLL FREE - 1-800-343-8841
FLOPPY DISK DRIVES. POWER SUPPLIES AND CABINETS
Our Disk Drives are UL approved — Our Floppy Drive Cabinets and Power Supplies
are Underwriters Laboratory Listed and have passed the required Federal
Communications Part 15 Section B-EMI/RFI tests.
Warranty on all disk drives is one full year parts and labor. Warranty on floppy disk
drive power supplies is five (S) years. In warranty or out of warranty service is 24 hour
turn-a-round on all disk drives and power supplies.
Full Height — Tandon
100- 1 Sin * le sided 40 lk Bare $99.95
In Case with Power Supply 139.95
Dual Drives in One Cabinet 239.95
,00-2 Dual Sided 40 tk Bar c * 109.95
In Case with Power Supply 1
Dual Drives in One Cabinet 259.95
Half High Drives
Single Sided 40 tk Bare 79.95
In Case with Power Suppl v 1 1 9.95
Dual Drives in One Cabinet 209.95
Dual Sided 40 tk Bare 109.95
In Case with Power Supply 149.95
Dual Drives in One Cabinet 259.95
Apple/Franklin Disk Drives
35/40 Track in Case with Cable and Software 129.95
TURBO-M " PC
CALL
800-343-8841
COLOR COMPUTER DISK DRIVE SYSTEMS AND ADD IN PRODUCTS
40 Track Single Head Drive with Case. Power Supply. Cable
Controller. Instruction Booklet. Diskettes , $199,95
Above with Dual Drives in One Cabinet 269.95
40 Track Dual Head with Case. Power Suply. Cable.
Controller. Instruction Booklet. Diskettes 249.95
Above with Dual Drives in One Cabinet 359.95
Dual DOS Switch 29.95
With Second DOS System — JDOS. RSDOS. and Booklet , 69.95
CALL FOR MODEM SPECIALS
Modem Special 300/1200 $199. 95
ALL IN-STOCK ITEMS SHIPPED WITHIN 24 HOURS. SAME DAY SHIPPING
PROVIDED BY REQUEST WITHOUT ANY EXTRA HANDLING CHARGES.
PRINTERS
Dot Matrix
Citi/cn , S Call
Star Micronics S.G. Series starting at S299. 95
Daisy Wheel
Silver Reed 440 80 Column I2CPX 315.95
550 132 Column 19 CPS ...439.95
770 132 Column 36 CPS 895.00
Olympia 132 Column 14 CPS WITH Form and Tractor Feed 399.95
Printer Cables startingat 19.95
Printer Paper Micropcrf Edge 1000 Sheets 16.95
ELECTRICAL
Surge Protectors - Line Filters SL Wabcr 6 Outlets with Switch S 39.9?
Uninterruptible Power Supplies 399.45
MISCELLANEOUS
Diskettes in 10 Pack from $ 9.95
Two print Switches from 99.95
Disk Drive Cables from 16.00
Maintenance Cleaning Kits . . , , , 1 2,00
Parallel Prime Butlers HK 149.95
Floppy Disk Drive Cables
1 Drive 16.00
2 Drives ...18.95
Heath 'Zenith 2 Drive Cables Shielded 24.95
Software Support Inc. — MicroSmart Inc.
TERMS and CONDITIONS:
All prices are cash discounted. However, we do
accept MC, VISA, AMEX & DISCOVER credit cards.
CCD 's are accepted-No deposit required.
Purchase Orders-Corporate. Government & School
P.O.'s are accepted. Please call for details.
Shipping Costs are calculated per order.
Please call for total.
Shipments of all in-stock products are made within
24 hours. Same day service is available upon
request — no added cost.
Not responsible for typographical errors.
Terms and Specifications may
change without notice.
1-617-881-1800 o2fo V"
200 Homer Ave
pS> V Ashland MA 01721
Hours: Mon.-Fri. 10 am to 5:30 pm (est) Sat 4:00 pm
Toll Free Ordering 1-800-343-8841
Dealer Inquiries Invited
Service & Returns: It is our policy to repair all service
returns within 24-48 hours. Normally same day turn-
a-round is accomplished. It is necessary to have a
(R)eturn (M)aterial (A)uthorization to insure
speedy service.
IBM, TAVA, COLUMBIA, 5151, COMPAQ, EAGLE.
TRS/80, HEATH/ZENITH are registered trademarks
of IBM Corp.. Tava Corp., Columbia Computer Corp.
Key Tronics Corp, Compaq Corp. Eagle Computer.
Tandy Corp, Zenith Corp. respectively.
1986 Software Support. Inc. Alt rights reserved
1 986 MicroSmart, Inc. All rights reserved
TURBO M " of MicroSmart Inc.
$(M(ZZ,3))
66 M3$="M"+STR$(M(Z,0) )+","+STR$
(M(Z,1))
67 M4$="M"+STR$(M(Z+1,0) )+" / "+ST
R$(M(Z+1,1) )
68 DRAW" C4B"+H1$+H2 $+H3 $+H4 $+H5 $
+H1$+"C3B"+M1$+M2$+M3$+M4$+M1$:R
ETURN
70 DRAW"C1S10BM0,161"+N$(1) :RETU
RN
72 DRAW"C4S10BM22 , 161"+N$ (I) :RET
URN
74 DRAW"C1S10BM22 , 161"+N$ (I) :RET
URN
76 DRAW I, BM32 / 188"+MM$+II$+NN$+"B
L2UDBM186, 188"+OO$+"BL2BU10D2BD8
BR4"+CC$+LL$+00$+CC$+KK$ : RETURN
78 DRAW"BM26, 173 "+BB$+EE$+FF$+00
$+RR$+EE$+"BM+2 , -5R2E2G2DBR2BDRB
H2R16L2H2F2DBL2BDLBM+12 ,3": DRAWA
A$+FF$+TT$+EE$+RR$ : RETURN
10 0 DEFFNA(X)=INT(X+.5)
103 DIMX(60,1) ,Y(60,1) ,X1(12,1) ,
Yl(12,l) ,N$(12) ,11(61,3) ,H(61,5) ,
Sl$(13) ,RS$(4)
106 XX=80:YY=80:R=80:RA=57. 29577
95 : R0=R-18 : RI=R-2 1 : RN=R-10 : RE=R-
25:RF=RE-1: Hl=.7: H2=.6: RM=4:
RH=8
10 9 FORI= 1T0 1 3 : READS 1 $ ( I ) : NEXTI
112 DATA "52, 191", "66, 191", "86,1
91" , " 100 , 191" , "000 , 191" , "014 , 191
» , "154 , 191" , "168 , 191" , "180, " , "19
4, ","214, ","228, ","242,"
115 W$="T502L1. . .FC":RS$="GL4F#G
L2AL4GAL2BL40+CO-BL2E" :RS$ (0) ="T
502L2D"+RS$ :RS$ (2) ="02L4DDL2"+RS
$
118 RS$="L4AAL2GL4GGL2F#L4EF#L2.
. .GP4":RS$(1)="02"+RS$:RS$(3)=RS
$(D
121 RS $= " L4 GBL2 0+DO-L4 BAL2 GL4 F # G
» :RS$ (4) ="02 ;XRS$ ;AGF#EL2D"
150 N$ (0) ="BDD9RFR5ERU9LHL5G1 ;BU
BR13" : 1 10X12 +4 NUMERALS
152 N$(1)="BR6D11;U11BR8"
154 N$(2)="BD1RER5FRD3LGLGLGLGLD
3R8;BU11BR6"
156 N$ (3) ="BD1RER3FRFRD2LGL3R3FR
D3LGLGL3HL1 ; BU10BR14 "
158 N$ (4) ="BD1D6R9L3U7D11 ;U11BR8
it
160 N$ (5) ="NR8D6R3ER3FRD4LGL5HL1
;BU10BR14"
162 N$ ( 6 ) = " BR7 LDGLDGLDGLD 4 RFR5 ER
U2LHL6;BU7BR13"
164 N$ ( 7 ) = " BD 1RER7 D4 LGLD6 ; BU11BR
7"
166 N$(8)="BDD3RFGLD4RFR5ERU4LHE
RU3LHL5GLRBD3FR5E1 ; BU4BR6 "
168 N$(9)="BR2R5FRD10U6L7HLU3RE1
; BR12 "
170 N$(10)="BL6"+N$(1)+"BL4"+N$(
0)
172 N$ (11) ="BL6"+N$ (1) +"BL4"+N$ (
1)
174 N$ (12)="BL8"+N$ (1)+"BL4"+N$ (
2)
176 AA$="U8RE2RF2RD4L7R7D4BR5": '
8X11 +4 LETTERS
178 BB$="U10R5FRD3LGL5R5FRD3LGL5
BR12"
180 CC$="BR7BULGL3HLU8RER3FRDBD8
BR5"
182 DD$="U10R3FRFRD6LGLGL3;BR12"
184 EE$="U10R7BD5BL3L4D5R7BR5"
186 FF$="U10R7BD5BL3L4D5BR12"
188 II$="BR2R5L3U10L2R5BD10BR5"
190 KK$="U10D5R3E4UDG4DF4BR5"
192 LL$="U10D10R7BR5"
194 MM$="U10RFRFD3RU3ERERD10BR3"
: '10WIDE
196 NN$="U10D2F7U9D10BR5"
198 OO$="BR2HLU8RER3FRD8LGL3BR10
ii
200 RR$="U10R5FRD3LGL5R2F2RF2DBR
5"
202 TT$="BU10R7L3D10BR8"
204 ND$="BM194,49"+N$ (2)+"BDll"+
NN$+DD$
300 FORO=0 T015
310 Q=0*6/RA:S=SIN(Q) :C=COS(Q)
320 X(O,0)=FNA(RO*S) :X(30-O,0)=X
(0,0) :X(30+O,0)=-X(O,0) :X(60-O,0
)=-X(O,0)
330 X(0,1)=FNA(RI*S) :X(30-O,1)=X
(0,1) :X(30+O,1)=-X(O,1) :X(60-O,1.
)=-X(0,l)
340 Y(O,0)=FNA(RO*C) :Y(30-O,0)=-
Y(O,0) : Y(30+O,0)=-Y(O,0) :Y(60-O,
0) =Y(O,0)
350 Y(0,1)=FNA(RI*C) :Y(30-O,1)=-
Y(0,1) :Y(30+O,1)=-Y(O,1) :Y(60-O,
1) =Y(0, 1) :NEXTO
380 FORO=0TO3
390 Q=30*O/RA:S=SIN(Q) :C=COS(Q) :
X1(O,0)=FNA(RN*S)
400 IFXl(O,0)/2<>INT(Xl(O,0)/2)
THENX1(O,0)=X1(O,0)+1
410 X1(6-O,0)=X1(O,0) :X1(6+O,0)=
-X1(O,0) :X1(12-O,0)=-X1(O,0)
420 Y1(O,0)=FNA(RN*C) : Yl(6-O,0)=
-Y1(O,0) :Y1(6+O,0)=-Y1(O,0) :Y1(1
2-O,0)=Yl(O,0)
430 X1(0,1)=FNA(RE*S) :X1(6-0,1)=
X1(0,1) :X1(6+0,1)=-X1(0,1) :X1(12
-0,1)=-X1(0,1)
64 THE RAINBOW September 1986
RAINBOWfest is the only computer show
dedicated exclusively to your Tandy
Color Computer. Nowhere else will you
see as many CoCo-related products or be able to
attend free seminars conducted by the top Color
Computer experts. It's the next best thing to re-
ceiving the latest issue of the rainbow in your
mailbox!
RAINBOWfest is a great opportunity for com-
mercial programmers to show off new and inno-
vative products for the first time. Princeton is the
show to get the jump on new capabilities for the
new CoCo 3. In exhibit after exhibit, there will be
demonstrations, opportunities to experiment
with software and hardware, and special RAIN-
BOWfest prices.
Set your own pace between visiting exhibits
and attending the valuable, free seminars on all
aspects of your CoCo — from improving basic
skills to working with the sophisticated OS-9 op-
erating system.
Many people who write for the rainbow — as
well as those who are written about — are there
to meet you and answer questions. You'll also
meet lots of other people who share your interest
in the Color Computer. It's a person-to-person
event and a tremendous learning experience in a
fun and relaxed atmosphere.
To make it easier for you to participate, we
schedule RAINBOWfests in different parts of the
country. If you missed the fun in Chicago, why
don't you make plans now to join us in Prin-
ceton? For members of the family who don't
share your affinity for CoCo, RAINBOWfest is lo-
cated in an area with many other attractions.
The Hyatt Regency Princeton offers special
rates ($79, single or double room) for RAIN-
BOWfest. The show opens Friday evening with a
session from 7 p.m. to 10 p.m. It's a daytime
show Saturday — the CoCo Community Break-
fast (separate tickets required) is at 8 a.m., then
the exhibit hall opens promptly at 10 a.m. and
runs until 6 p.m. A special Saturday evening
round table examining the new CoCo 3 (6:30
p.m.) is sure to be a highlight. On Sunday, the
exhibit hall opens at 1 1 a.m. and closes at 4 p.m.
Tickets for RAINBOWfest may be obtained di-
rectly from the rainbow. We'll also send you a
reservation form so you can get your special
room rate.
The POSH way to go. Have your travel arrange-
ments and hotel reservations handled through
rainbow affiliate, POSH Travel Assistance, Inc.,
of Louisville. For the same POSH treatment
many of our exhibitors enjoy, call POSH at (502)
893-3311. All POSH services are available at no
charge to RAINBOWfest attendees.
Show Schedule:
Friday evening
— Exhibits open from 7 p.m. to 10 p.m.
Saturday
— CoCo Community Breakfast at 8a.m.
— Exhibits open at 10 a.m. and close
at 6 p.m.
— Special round table at 6:30 p.m.
Sunday
— Exhibits open from 11 a.m. to 4 p.m.
Free Seminars
Mark Siegel
Product Manager, Software Engi-
neering, Tandy/Radio Shack
An Insider's View
of the New CoCo 3
Jim Reed
rainbow Managing Editor
Writing for Publication
Jeffrey Parker
Independent Programmer
and Author
Getting Your CoCo To
Talk To Your MS-DOS
Fred Scerbo
RAINBOW Contributing Editor
Using Computers in
Education
Bill Barden
Independent Programmer
and Author
Beginning Assembly
Language
Brian Lantz
President, National OS-9
Users Group
OS-9 Overview
George Dorner
OS-9 Veteran Programmer
The OS-9 Environment-
Tools and Pipes
Dan Downard
rainbow Technical Editor
A Look at Peripherals
Dale Puckett
RAINBOW Contributing Editor
Beginners' Guide To OS-9
and BASIC09
Leonard Hyre
Freelance Author and Programmer
Introduction to BASIC
Cray Augsburg
rainbow Technical Assistant
Intro to our Delphi
CoCo SIG
Paul Hoffman
Graphic Artist and Programmer
Inside CoCo Graphics
A A A A
Steve Bjork
President of SRB Software
Getting the Most from
Your CoCo 3
John Gibney
Delphi National Safes Director
National Information
Services vs. Local
Bulletin Boards
Bill Turner
Vice President National
OS-9 Users Group
Business Applications
of OS-9
CoCo Community Breakfast
Greg Zumwalt — CoCo 3 Programmer
Our keynote speaker for the traditional CoCo Community Breakfast is Greg Zumwalt,
one of the early CoCo specialists who has created everything from flight simulators
to computer games. An independent programmer and computer designer, Greg is
one of the select few writing Tandy software for the new Color Computer 3. He owns
ZCT Software, of Tulsa, Okla., and also writes software for business applications in
such areas as aviation, the oil industry and the medical field.
A SPECIAL EVENTi
Saturday Evening Round-Table Discussion at 6:30 p.m.
The Design, Development and Marketing of the Color Computer 3
Exclusive: Listen to the key people in the design and development of
the Color Computer 3! Featured Speakers: Barry Thompson, Buyer,
Computer Merchandising, Tandy/Radio Shack; Mark Siegel, Product
Manager, Software Engineering, Tandy/Radio Shack; Steve Bjork,
President, SRB Software; and Greg Zumwalt, President, ZCT Software.
RAIN BO Wf est - Princeton, New Jersey
Dates: Oct. 17-19, 1986
Hotel: Hyatt Regency Princeton
Rooms: $79 per night, single or double
Advance Ticket Deadline: Oct. 10, 1986
Join us at a future RAlNBOWfest!
RAINBOWfest - Chicago, Illinois
Dates: Early April 1987
Hotel: Hyatt Regency Woodfield
Rooms: $60 per night, single or double
Advance Ticket Deadline: March 25, 1987
FREE T-Shirt to first five ticket orders received from each state,
A A A A A A
YES, I'm coming to Princeton! I want to save by buying tickets now at the special advance sale price.
Breakfast tickets require advance reservations.
Please send me:
total
Three-day tickets at $9 each
One-day tickets at $7 each total
Circle one: Friday Saturday Sunday
Saturday CoCo Breakfast at $1 2 each total
Handling Charge $1
TOTAL ENCLOSED
(U.S. Currency Only, Please)
□ Also send me a hotel reservation card for the Hyatt
Be&anc^ Pmceton ($79, single or double room).
Name (please print)
Address
City
State
Telephone
Company
ZIP
$1.00
□ Payment Enclosed, or Charge to:
□ VISA □ MasterCard □ American Express
Account Number
Exp. Date
Signature
Advance ticket deadline: Oct. 10,1986. Orders received less than two weeks prior to show opening will be held for you at the door. Tickets will also
be available at the door at a slightly higher price. Tickets will be mailed six weeks prior to show. Children 4 and under, free; over 4, full price.
Make checks payable to: The RAINBOW. Mail to: RAINBOWfest, The Falsoft Building, 9509 U.S. Highway 42, P.O. Box 385, Prospect, KY
40059. To make reservations by phone, in Kentucky call (502) 228-4492, or outside Kentucky call (800) 847-0309.
440 Y1(0,1)=FNA(RE*C) :Y1(6-0,1)=
-Y1(0,1) :Y1(6+0,1)=-Y1(0,1) :Y1(1
2-0,l)=Yl(0,l) tNEXTO
450 PCLS : SCREEN1,0 : CLS : CIRCLE (XX
,YY) , R: PAINT (XX, YY-R+1) , 2,4:PSET
(XX,YY,1)
460 FORZ=0 TO 60 : DRAW"BM"+STR$ (X
X+X(Z,0) )+","+STR$(YY-Y(Z,0) )+"M
"+STR$ (XX+X(Z , 1) ) +" , "+STR$ (YY-Y (
Z,l) ) :NEXTZ
470 F0RZ=1T012
480 DRAW"BM"+STR$ (XX+X (Z*5 , 1) ) +"
, "+STR$ (YY-Y(Z*5 , 1) ) + M M"+STR$ (XX
+X1(Z,1) )+","+STR$(YY-Yl(Z,l) )
49/3 DRAW"BM"+STR$ (XX+X1 (Z ,0) -4) +
" , "+STR$ ( YY-Y1 ( Z , 0 ) -5 ) +N$ ( Z ) : NEX
TZ
500 F0RZ=1T015
510 Q=(Z*6-3)/RA:S=SIN(Q) :C=COS(
Q)
520 T=FNA(RF*S) :M(Z,0)=XX+T:M(31
-Z,0)=XX+T:M(30+Z,0)=XX-T:M(61-Z
,0)=XX-T
530 T=FNA (RF*C) :M(Z , 1) =YY-T:M(31
-Z,1)=YY+T:M(30+Z,1)=YY+T:M(61-Z
,1)=YY-T:NEXTZ
540 FORZ=1TO60
55J3 Q=(135+6*Z)/RA
560 S=SIN(Q) :M(Z,2)=FNA(RM*S)+XX
:H(Z , 4) =FNA (RH*S) +XX
57j3 C=COS(Q) :M(Z,3)=YY-FNA(RM*C)
:H(Z,5)=YY-FNA(RH*C)
58J3 H(Z,p)=XX+FNA(X(Z,l) *H1) :H(Z
,1)=YY-FNA(Y(Z,1) *H1)
590 H(Z,2)=XX+FNA(X(Z,1) *H2) :H(Z
,3)=YY-FNA(Y(Z,1) *H2) :NEXTZ
6j30 M(J3,J3)=M(6J3,J3) :M (J3 , 1) =M (6J3 , 1
) :M(J3,3)=M(6J3,3) :M (J3 , 2 ) =M (6J3 , 2 )
61J3 M(61,J3)=M(1,J3) :M(61, 1) =M(1, 1
) :M(61,2)=M(1,2) :M(61,3)=M(1,3)
620 H(0,J3)=H(6J3,J3) ^(0,1)^(60,1
) :H(0,2)=H(60,2) :H(61,2)=H(1,2) :
H(0,3)=H(60,3) :H (61,3) =H( 1,3) :H(
0,4)=H(60,4) :H(0,5)=H(60,5)
100 0 1 level 1
1010 L=l:DRAW"S4C4":GOSUB44
1020 DRAW"C4BM70,186S10"+OO$+ II BU
10D2BD8BR4"+CC$+LL$+OO$+CC$+KK$
1030 D$="" :NW=0:NR=0:Z=0:T=0
1040 HH=RND (12 )
1050 IFINSTR(l,D$,CHR$(HH+64) )<>
0 THEN1040
1060 DRAW"S4":GOSUB50
1070 'GET ANSWER
1080 GOSUB14 : R$=INKEY$ : IFR$=" "TH
EN1080
1090 IFASC(R$)<49 OR ASC(R$)>57
THEN1080
1100 IFR$="1"THENDRAW ,I C4BM0 , 186S
10BU10"+N$(1) :I=1:GOTO1130
1110 I=VAL(R$)
1120 GOSUB72
1130 A$=R$
1140 GOSUB14 : R$=INKEY$ : IFR$=" "TH
EN1140
1150 IFR$=CHR$(13)THEN IFA$= I, 1 ,, T
HENGOSUB70:DRAW"C4BM22 , 161"+N$ (1
):GOTO1270 ELSE1270
1160 IFR$OCHR$(8) THEN1190
1170 IFVAL(A$)=1 THENGOSUB7 0 ELS
EGOSUB74
1180 A$= ,,M :I=0:GOTO1080
1190 IFA$<>"1" THEN1140
1200 IFASC(R$)<48 OR ASC(R$)>50
THEN 1140
1210 I=VAL(R$)
1220 GOSUB72
12 30 A$=A$+R$
1240 GOSUB14:R$=INKEY$:IFR$=""TH
EN1240
1250 IFR$=CHR$(8)THENGOSUB74:A$=
LEFT$ (A$ , 1) : 1=0 : GOTO1140
12 60 'CHECK ANSWER
1270 DRAW"C1S4BM2 2 , 191R22" : IFVAL
(A$)=HH THEN13 20
1280 DRAW"C4":GOSUB38:PLAYW$:NW=
NW+1: IFTO0 THEN T=0:GOTO13 30
1290 IFLEN(A$)=2 THENGOSUB7 0
1300 GOSUB74
1310 DRAW" CI" :GOSUB3 6:T=l:DRAW"C
4S4XND$;" :GOTO1080
1320 DRAW"C2" :GOSUB34 :PLAYRS$ (0)
: NR=NR+ 1 : D$=D$+CHR$ (HH+64 ) : T=0
1330 R$=INKEY$:IFR$="" THEN1330
1340 IFR$=" A " THENGOSUB8000
1350 DRAW'Cl" :GOSUB3 6:DRAW"S4XND
$ ; "
13 60 IFLEN(A$)=2 THENGOSUB70
1370 GOSUB74
13 80 DRAW"S4C2B"+M1$+M2$+M3$+M4$
+M1$+"B"+H1$+H2$+H3$+H4$+H5$+H1$
1390 IFNR<12 THEN1040
1400 PRINT" LEVEL 1 RIGHT" ;NR;"
WRONG" ; NW : SCREEN 1 , 0
1410 IFNW>3 THEN1030
1420 DRAWC1BM70, 186S10"+OO$+"BU
10D2BD8BR4 "+CC$+LL$+00$+CC$+KK$
2000 ' levels 2 & 3
2010 L=2:DRAW"C4S4":GOSUB44
2020 DRAW"C4" :GOSUB76
2030 IFL=2 THEN DRAWBM76 , 188BR6
"+AA$+FF$+TT$+EE$+RR$ ELSEGOSUB4
4 : DRAW" BM7 6 , 188 "+BB$+EE$+FF$+00$
+RR$+EE$
2040 D$="":E$="":NW=0:NR=0
2050 HH=RND ( 12 )
September 1986 THE RAINBOW 67
2060 IFINSTR(l,D$,CHR$(HH+64) )<>
0 THEN2050
2070 M=RND ( 7 )
2080 IFINSTR(1,E$,STR$(M) )<>0 TH
EN2070
2090 IFL=2 THENZ=5* (M-l) ELSEZ=5
*(M+5)
2100 DRAW"C2BM"+S1$ (5) +"R9BM"+S1
$ (6) +"R9BM"+S1$ (7) +"R9BM"+S1$ (8)
+ "R9"
2110 GOSUB50
2120 A$="":C=5
2130 G0SUB2 2 : R$=INKEY$ : IFR$=" "TH
EN2130
2140 IFR$=CHR$ (32) THENDRAW" C1BM
"+S1$(C)+"R9" :GOTO2180
2150 IFR$=CHR$(8) THEN IFC=5THEN
2130 ELSEC=C-1:DRAW"C1BM"+S1$(C)
+"BU14 "+N$ (I) : A$=LEFT$ ( A$ , LEN ( A$
)-l) :I=VAL(RIGHT$(A$,1) ) :GOT0213
2160 IFASC(R$)<48 OR ASC(R$)>57
THEN2130
2170 I=VAL(R$) :DRAW"C4BM"+S1$(C)
+"BU14"+N$ (I) +"BM"+S1$ (C) +"C1R9 "
2180 A$=A$+R$
2190 C=C+1
2200 IFCOTHEN2130
2210 C=8
2220 GOSUB2 2 : R$=INKEY$ : IFR$=" "TH
EN2220
2230 IFR$=CHR$(8) THENDRAW" C1BM"
+S1$(C)+"BU14"+N$(I) :A$=LEFT$(A$
,LEN(A$)-1) :I=VAL(RIGHT$(A$,1) ) :
GOTO2130
2240 IFR$OCHR$(13) THEN2220
2250 DRAW"C1BM"+S1$(C)+"R9"
2260 IFL=3THEN2280
2270 IFVAL(LEFT$(A$,2) )-Z AND VA
L(RIGHT$(A$,2) )=HH THEN2 330 ELSE
2300
2280 H=VAL ( RIGHT $(A$,2) ) -1:IFH<1
THENH=12
2290 IFVAL(LEFT$(A$,2) )=60-Z AND
H=HH THEN2 3 30
2 300 DRAW" C4 " : GOSUB3 8 : NW=NW+1 : PL
AYW$:IFT<>0 THENT=0 : GOTO 2 340
2310 DRAW" CI" : GOSUB36 : FORI=5T08 :
DRAW"BM"+S1$(I)+"BU14"+N$ (VAL(MI
D$(A$, 1-4,1) ) ) :NEXTI
2320 T=1:DRAW"C4XND$;" :GOTO2100
2330 DRAW"C2":GOSUB34:PLAYRS$(L-
1) :NR=NR+l:D$=D$+CHR$(HH+64) :E$=
E$+STR$ (M) :T=0
2 340 R$=INKEY$:IFR$="" THEN2340
235,0 IFR$= ,IA " THENGOSUB8000
23 60 DRAW"C1XND$;":G0SUB3 6
2 370 FORI=5T08 : DRAW" C1BM"+S1$ ( I )
+"BU14"+N$ (VAL(MID$ (A$,I-4, 1) ) ) :
NEXTI
2380 DRAW "C2B" +M1 $+M2 $+M3 $ +M4 $+M
1$+»B»+H1$+H2$+H3$+H4$+H5$+H1$
2390 IFNR<7 THEN2050
2400 IFL=3 THEN2 430
2410 PRINT "LEVEL 2 RIGHT" ;NR;"
WRONG" ; NW : SCREEN 1 , 0
2420 IFNW<3 THENL=3 : DRAW"BM76 , 18
8C1R6"+AA$+FF$+TT$+EE$+RR$+"C4":
GOTO2030 ELSE2040
2430 PRINT "LEVEL 3 RIGHT" ;NR;"
WRONG " ; NW : S CREEN 1 , 0
2440 IFNW>2 THEN2040
2450 DRAW"C1BM76,188"+BB$+EE$+FF
$+00$+RR$+EE$ : GOSUB7 6
4000 1 level 4
4010 L=4 : DRAWS4C4 " : GOSUB44 : GOSU
B76:AR$="BM110,18 3R9L2H2F2DBL2BD
LBE2L16R2E2G2DBR2BDR"
4020 D$="" :E$="":NW=0:NR=0
4030 HH=RND ( 12 )
4040 IFINSTR(l / D$ / CHR$(HH+64) )<>
0 THEN4030
4050 M=RND(12)
4060 IFINSTR(l,E$,CHR$(M+64) )<>0
THEN4050
4070 Z=(M-1) *5:GOSUB50
4080 A$="":C=5
4090 DRAW"C2XAR$;BD3BL17"+BB$+"B
R24"+AA$
4100 GOSUB78
4110 DRAW"C2BM"+S1$ (5) +"R9BM"+S1
$(6)+"R9BM"+Sl$(7)+"R9BM"+Sl$(8)
+ "R9"
4120 GOSUB22 :R$=INKEY$:IFR$=»" T
HEN4120
4130 IFR$=CHR$(32) THENDRAW" C IBM
"+S1$(C)+"R9":GOTO4170
4140 IFR$=CHR$(8) THEN IFC=5 THE
N4120 ELSEC=C-1:DRAW"C1BM"+S1$ (C
) +"BU14 "+N$ (I) : A$=LEFT$ (A$ , LEN (A
$)-l) :I=VAL(RIGHT$(A$ / 1) ) : GOT04
120
4150 IFASC(R$)<48 OR ASC(R$)>57
THEN4120
4160 I=VAL(R$) :DRAW"C4BM"+S1$(C)
+"BU14"+N$ (I)+"BM"+S1$(C)+"C1R9"
4170 A$=A$+R$
4180 C=C+1
4190 IFC<7 THEN4120 ELSE42 30
4200 DRAW"C2":GOSUB78
4210 IFRT$="A" THENDRAW"C1BM82 / 1
88"+AA$+FF$+TT$+EE$+RR$ ELSE DRA
W"ClBM76,188"+BB$+EE$+FF$+00$+RR
$+EE$
4220 DRAW"C2XAR$;"
4230 GOSUB2 6 :RT$=INKEY$ : IFRT$=" "
THEN4230
4240 IFRT$=CHR$ (8) THENDRAW" C2 BM
68 THE RAINBOW September 1986
88 , 188"+BB$+"BR24"+AA$ : C=C-1 : DRA
W»C1BM"+S1$(C)+"BU14"+N$(I) :A$=L
EFT$(A$,LEN(A$) -1) : I=VAL(RIGHT$ (
A$,l) ) :GOT0412)3
425) 3 IFASC(RT$)<65 OR ASC(RT$)>6
6 THEN423J3
426) 3 DRAW"C1XAR$;BD3BL17"+BB$+"B
R24"+AA$
4270 GOSUB78
428) 3 IFRT$="A" THENDRAW"C4BM82 , 1
88"+AA$+FF$+TT$+EE$+RR$ ELSEDRAW
"C4BM76, 188"+BB$+EE$+FF$+00$+RR$
+EE$
429) 3 G0SUB22:R$=INKEY$:IFR$="" T
HEN429)3
43) 3)3 IFR$=CHR$ (32) THENDRAW'CIBM
"+S1$ (C) +"R9" :GOT0434)3
431) 3 IFR$=CHR$(8) THEN IFC=7 THE
N4 2 )3 )3 ELS EC=C- 1 : DRAW" C1BM"+S1$(C
) +"BU14 "+N$ (I) : A$=LEFT$ ( A$ , LEN (A
$)-l) :I=VAL(RIGHT$(A$,1) ) : GOT04
29)3
432) 3 IFASC(R$)<48 OR ASC(R$)>57
THEN429)3
433) 3 I=VAL(R$) : DRAW"C4BM"+S1$ (C)
+"BU14"+N$(I)+"BM"+S1$ (C)+"C1R9"
434) 3 A$=A$+R$
435) 3 C=C+1
436) 3 IFC<9 THEN4290
437) 3 C=8
438) 3 GOSUB22:R$=INKEY$:IFR$=»" T
HEN4380
439) 3 IFR$=CHR$(8) THENDRAW'CIBM"
+S1$ (C) +"BU14"+N$ (I) : A$=LEFT$ (A$
,LEN(A$)-1) :I=VAL(RIGHT$(A$,1) ) :
G0T0429)3
44) 3)3 IFR$OCHR$(13) THEN438J3
441) 3 DRAW"C1BM"+S1$ (C)+"R9"
442) 3 Z$=RIGHT$(STR$(Z) ,2)
443J3 IFRT$="A" THEN447)3
444) 3 IFZ=)3 THENH=VAL (RIGHT$ ( A$ , 2
) ) :Z=6j3:GOT0446j3
445) 3 H=VAL(RIGHT$(A$,2) )-l:IFH<l
THENH=12
446) 3 IFVAL(LEFT$(A$,2) )=6)3-Z AND
H=HH THEN452)3 ELSE4480
447) 3 IFVAL(LEFT$ (A$ ,2) ) =Z AND VA
L(RIGHT$(A$,2) )=HH THEN452)3
448) 3 DRAW"C4":GOSUB38:PLAYW$:NW=
NW+1:IFT<>0 THENT=)3:GOTO4530
449) 3 C=5:T=1:F0RI=5T08:DRAW"C1BM
"+S1$ (I) +"BU14"+N$ (VAL(MID$ (A$, I
-4,1) ) ) :NEXTI
45) 3)3 IFRT$="A" THENDRAW" BM8 2 , 188
"+AA$+FF$+TT$+EE$+RR$ ELSEDRAW" B
M76 , 188"+BB$+EE$+FF$+00$+RR$+EE$
451) 3 G0SUB3 6 : DRAW"C4XND$ ; 11 : G0T04
J38J3
452) 3 T=)3 : DRAW" C4BM1 8)3 , 3)3"+N$ (HH)
+"BD3DBD3DBU8BR6"+N$(VAL(LEFT$(Z
$,1) ) )+N$(VAL(RIGHT$(Z$,l) ) )+"C2
" : GOSUB34 : PLAYRS $ ( 3 ) : NR=NR+ 1 : E$=
E$+CHR$(M+64) :D$=D$+CHR$(HH+64)
453) 3 R$=INKEY$:IFR$="" THEN453)3
454) 3 IFR$=" A " THENGOSUB8)3)3)3
455) 3 IFRT$="A" THENDRAW "C 1BM82 , 1
88"+AA$+FF$+TT$+EE$+RR$ ELSEDRAW
"C1BM7 6, 188"+BB$+EE$+FF$+00$+RR$
+EE$
456) 3 DRAW"ClXND$;BM18)3 / 3)3"+N$(HH
) + » BD3 DBD3 DBU8BR6 "+N$ ( VAL ( LEFT$ (
Z$,l) ) )+N$(VAL(RIGHT$(Z$,l) ) ) :G0
SUB36
457) 3 F0RI=5T08 : DRAW"C1BM"+S1$ (I)
+ "BU14"+N$(VAL(MID$(A$, 1-4,1) ) ) :
NEXT I
4 5 8)3 DRAW " C2 B " +M1 $+M2 $+M3 $ +M4 $ +M
1$+"B"+H1$+H2$+H3$+H4$+H5$+H1$
459)3 IF NR<12 THEN4)33)3
46)3)3 PRINT "LEVEL 4 RIGHT" ;NR;"
WRONG" ; NW : SCREEN1 , )3
461) 3 IFNW>2 THEN4)32)3
462) 3 DRAW"C1":G0SUB76
5)3)3)3 • level 5
5)31)3 L=5:DRAW"C4" :GOSUB44
5)32)3 D$=" " : NW=)3 : NR=)3 : DRAW"C4BM8)3
, 185UBU3U"
5)33)3 DRAW"C2BM52 , 191R9BR5R9BR11R
9BR5R9"
5)34)3 H=RND(24)
5)35)3 IFINSTR(l,D$,CHR$(H+64) )<>)3
THEN5)34)3
5)36)3 IFH>12 THENHH=H-12 ELSEHH=H
5)37)3 Z=RND(6)3)-1
5)38)3 GOSUB5)3
5)39)3 A$="":C=1
51)3)3 G0SUB18 : R$=INKEY$ : IFR$=" "TH
EN51)3)3
511) 3 IFR$=CHR$(32) THENA$=A$+R$ :
DRAW"C1BM"+S1$ (C) +"R9" :GOT0516)3
512) 3 IFR$=CHR$(8) THEN IFC=1THEN
51)3)3 ELSEC=C-1:DRAW"C1BM"+S1$(C
) +"BU14 "+N$ (I ) : A$=LEFT$ (A$ , LEN (A
$)-l) :I=VAL(RIGHT$(A$,1) ) :G0T051
513) 3 IFASC(R$)<48 OR ASC(R$)>57
THEN51)3)3
514) 3 I=VAL(R$) :DRAW"C4BM"+S1$(C)
+"BU14"+N$ (I) +"C1BM"+S1$ (C) +"R9"
5150 A$=A$+R$
516) 3 C=C+1
517) 3 IFC<5 THEN51)3)3
518) 3 C=4
519) 3 G0SUB18:R$=INKEY$:IFR$=""TH
EN519)3
520) 3 IFR$=CHR$(8) THENDRAW'CIBM"
+S1$ (C) +"BU14"+N$ (I) : A$=LEFT$ (A$
,LEN(A$)-1) :I=VAL(RIGHT$(A$, 1) ) :
September 1986 THE RAINBOW 69
GOT051j3jZI
5210 IFR$OCHR$(13) THEN519J3
5220 DRAW"C1BM"+S1$ (C)+»R9"
523j3 IFVAL(LEFT$(A$,2) )=HH AND Z
=lj3*VAL(MID$ (A$, 3 , 1) ) +VAL(RIGHT$
(A$,l)) THEN527J3
5240 DRAW"C4 H :GOSUB3 8:PLAYW$:NW=
NW+1:IFT<>0 THENT=0:GOTO5280
5250 F0RI=1T04 : DRAW"C1BM II +S1$ (I)
+"BU14"+N$ (VAL(MID$ (A$,I, 1) ) ) : NE
XTI
52 60 DRAWCl" : GOSUB3 6 : T=l : DRAW'C
4XND$ ;C2BM52 , 191R9BR5R9BR11R9BR5
R9":GOTO5090
5270 DRAW"C2 " : GOSUB3 4 : PLAYRS$ (4 )
:NR=NR+l:D$=D$+CHR$ (H+64) :T=0
5280 R$=INKEY$:IFR$="" THEN5280
5290 IFR$=" A " THENG0SUB8 0 00
5300 DRAW"C1XND$;":G0SUB3 6
5310 F0RI=1T04
5320 DRAW"C1BM"+S1$ (I) +"BU14"+N$
(VAL(MID$(A$,I,1) ) ) :NEXTI
5330 DRAW I, C2B"+M1$+M2$+M3$+M4$+M
1$+"B"+H1$+H2$+H3$+H4$+H5$+H1$
5340 IFNR<24 THEN5030
5350 PRINT "LEVEL 5 RIGHT" ;NR; 11
WRONG" ; NW : SCREEN 1 , 0
5360 IFNW>4 THEN5020
5370 DRAW"C1BM80 , 185UBU3U" : GOSUB
44
5380 PRINT: PRINT" YOUR ANSWERS A
RE SHOWN ABOVE . " : FORI=0TO4 : PLAYR
S$(I) :NEXTI:PLAYRS$+"L2. . .AP4;L4
DDGP4P2AP4P2L8BBL4BO+CO-BL2EL4AA
L1GF#L2 . . .G"
5390 PRINT "FOR MORE PRACTICE, WH
ICH LEVEL WOULD YOU LIKE TO STA
RT AT?": INPUT" TYPE LEVEL (1-5)"
;L
5400 PRINTSTRING$ (32 , 195) :L=ABS (
L) :SCREEN1,0
5410 ON L GOTO1000,2010, 2020,401
0,5000
5420 END
' user control
COLOR3 , 1
ZT=Z:HT=HH
LINE(176,0)-(253,17) ,PSET,B
8000
8010
8020
8030
F
8040
8050
COLOR4 , 1
DRAW"S4C2B"+M1$+M2$+M3$+M4$
+M1$+"B"+H1$+H2$+H3$+H4$+H5$+H1$
: DRAW"C1BM208 , 5DBD3D"
8060 DRAW"C4BM180, 16R9BR5R9BR11R
9BR5R9BR5R9"
8070 CO=9:Al$=""
8080 GOSUB30:R$=INKEY$:IFR$="" T
HEN8080
Canadians!
We are Canada's largest distributor of Color
Computer products.
Send for your free copy
of our 1986 Catalog
KdlyriewB
VOL 3
nee
yam
kqjy sorrvuue
SOFTWARE
&STOHJTOR3
FOR T>« COLOR
LMTED
Kellynews-3 is now available
and contains news, hints,
programs and articles from
the crew of Kelly Software.
Please note our new
phone number.
Phone: (403) 236-2161
We have moved to
our new location.
Kelly Software
Distributors Ltd.
P.O. Box 608,
Station 4 T Calgary
Alberta T5H 2H2
Call now • . .
(403) 236-2161
Call our orderline
for quick delivery.
We accept phone orders
on your VISA or
Master Card. No C.O.D.
70 THE RAINBOW September 1986
8090 IFASC(R$)<48 OR ASC(R$)>57
THEN8J38J3
8100 A1$=A1$+R$
811j3 DRAW"C1BM"+S1$ (CO)+"2"+N$ (V
AL(R$) )+"C3BM"+Sl$(CO)+"16R9"
8120 CO=CO+l
813J3 IFCO<13 THEN8J38J3
814j3 Z=VAL(RIGHT$(A1$,2) ) :HH=VAL
(LEFT$(A1$,2) )
815J3 IFHH>12 OR HH<1 OR Z>6j3 THE
N826J3
8160 GOSUB5j3
817j3 GOSUB3j3:R$=INKEY$:IFR$= IIM T
HEN817J3
818/3 IFR$="T" THEN825j3
IFR$="R" THEN829J3
IFR$<>CHR$(10) THEN8170
LINE(176,j3)-(253,17) , PRESET
819J3
8200
8210
, BF
8220 DRAW ,, C2B"+M1$+M2$+M3$+M4$+M
1$+»B"+H1$+H2$+H3$+H4$+H5$+H1$
823J3 Z=ZT:HH=HT
824J3 RETURN
825j3 DRAW"C2B"+M1$+M2$+M3$+M4$+M
1$+"B"+H1$+H2$+H3$+H4$+H5$+H1$ : 1
new time
8260 CO=9:Nl=INT(HH/lj3) :N2=HH-N1
*1J3:N3=INT(Z/10) :N4=Z-N3*10
827J3 DRAW"C3BM"+S1$ (CO) +"2"+N$ (N
1) +N$ (N2 ) +"BM"+S1$ (CO+2) +"2"+N$ (
N3)+N$ (N4)
8280 GOT08j36j3
8290 C0=9:HN=HH:N1=INT(HH/1J3) :N2
=HH-N1*10:N3=INT(Z/1J3) :N4=Z-N3*1
0: ' run clock
8300 ZN=Z+1
831J3 IFZN>=6j3 THEN Z N= 0 : HN=HH+ 1 1 1
FHN>12 THENHN=1
832,0 R$=INKEY$:IFR$="S" THENCO=l
3:GOTO8170
833J3 DRAW"C3BM"+S1$ (CO)+"2 M +N$ (N
1) +N$ (N2 ) +"BM"+S1$ (CO+2) +"2"+N$ (
N3)+N$(N4)
834)3 DRAW"'C2B"+M1$+M2$+M3$+M4$+M
1$+»B"+H1$+H2$+H3$+H4$+H5$+H1$
835J3 Z=ZN:HH=HN
836j3 GOSUB5j3
8370 Nl=INT(HH/lj3) :N2=HH-Nl*lj3:N
3=INT(Z/lj3) :N4=Z-N3*10
8380 DRAW"C1BM"+S1$ (CO) +"2"+N$ (N
1) +N$ (N2) +"BM"+S1$ (CO+2 ) +"2"+N$ (
N3)+N$ (N4)
839j3 GOTO8300
09k
TANDY COMPUTER DISCOUNTS
COLOR COMPUTERS
26-31 27 64k color comp
26-3131 1st disk drive
140.00
269.95
PRINTERS
26-1276 DMP 105
26-1277 DMP-430
26-1 2B0 DMP-130
160.00
580.00
269.00
MODEL 4 and MSDOS COMPUTERS
" 1!
25-1000 mod 1000
25-01011 Plus expansion board
25-1005 2nd drive mod 1000
25- 1020 VM-4 Monochrome monitor
26- 1070 mod 4D 64k 2dr.
26-5103 mod 2000 2dr.
26-5104 mod 2000 HD
700.00
155.00
145.00
110.00
920.00
1,400.00
2,200.00
We Carry the Complete Line of Tandy
Computer Products at Discount Prices
CALL FOR A FREE PRICE LIST 800-257-5556
IN N.J. CALL 609-769-0551
WOODSTOWN ELECTRONICS
Rt. 40 E. WOODSTOWN, N.J. 08098
September 1986 THE RAINBOW 71
OWL-WARE
WINCHESTER BASIC
CREATE 9EAUTIFUL PICTURES WITH
ANNOUNCING... the Development of a Major Breakthrough in
HARD DRIVE SYSTEMS for the COLOR COMPUTER!!!
Several months ago OWL-WARE introduced the Finest OS9 Hard Drive System for the Color Computer.
Now we are about to introduce the only RSDOS Interface System worthy of our computer, OWL-WARE
Winchester Basic. For the first time you have available a true Winchester System, although there are 10
directories made available to BASIC, the only limit to size of any file is the size of your drive. On a
10 meg drive you could have a 8 meg file on directory 5 and a 1 meg file on directory 8 and small fifes
everywhere. You turn the computer on and you can immediately access your drive from BASIC or any language
using commands you already know. You do not have to know or use OS9 to use OWL-WARE WINCHESTER
BASIC, but if you do, all files saved from RSDOS are available to OS9. All files generated from OS9 can
be made available to RSDOS by copying to the WINCHESTER BASIC directories. There are no partitions to
wall you into, only one operating system, but nothing forces you to use an operating system you don't like.
Call for further details and availability on this breakthrough product!!!
WITH
DRIVE
BELOW ONLY...
^_ _ WITHOUT
$50. DRIVE $75.
M
M
M
M
H
n
Convert
Accept
TOUCH
Dr mm m
"f iVnt
10 col
Pictur
BAt I C
Letter
•cr een
or ot
lent, on-icreen menu
f input fton x-PflO,
-PAD
OS-9 HARD DRIVE SYSTEMS
Disk Access is at Least... 8 Times Faster than Floppy Drives.
Control up to 2 Drives. EACH with Continuous Massive
Memory!!! Complete OS-9 Hard Drive System Includes...
Software, Hard Drive, Controller and L.R. Tech Interface.
NOTE: OS-9 and RS DOS... "This may prove to be the perfect mating of
both systems." RAINBOW (May 86)
Interface &
Software Only $11 9.
$525. 5 MEG $659.10MEG
OWL-WARE $799- 20MEG
is pleased to announce
an exclusive arrangement
to Distribute the L.R. TECH
Hard Drive Interface and Software. DEALERS INQUIRES INVITED
NOTE: Interface is not Interrupt
Driven Like Our Competition.
Therefore, the System Clock
does not Lose Time During
Hard Drive Access.
INSTALL IN ANY SLOT OF
MULTI-PAK OR USE Y CABLE.
UIEU 3-DIHENSICWAL OBJECTS FROM ANY
ANCLE HITH
Convenient, on-screen menu
* supports input from X-PAD,
TOUGH-PAD, (1DU8E Or JOYSTICK
m Built-in screen dump to Tandy
Er i titer i
iculates difiens 1 ons for you
from Just a rough sketch
m Plots or calculates lines and
arcs
m On-screen
sketching mode
64K DISK
$29.95
OWL-WARE'S TOLL FREE ORDER LINE (800) 245-6228
* ~~ TECHNICAL ADVICE
(215) 682-6855
All Prices Include
Case and Power
Supply
SHhhh... Ask about the WISPER DRIVE!!!
'WRIVE0$179.tO$239. Sing.e
...Call for SPECIAL PRICES on Drive 0,1,2,3 Combos. Double
drive 1 $99.to$145. Quad
NOW AVAILABLE !!!
SUPER-TROLL
OWL-WARE'S version of the
Distro (CRC) Controller by
Tony DiStefano.This has sockets
for 4 ROM Chips. ...only $15.00
NOTE: Each option, only available
with option listed above it.
ADD ON OPTIONS:
CDOS SB-
Parallel Printer Port $25.
Real Time Clock $10.
80 Column Card $65.
Just Controller $99. with CDOS
to $195. with ALL options
All drives are new and fully
assembled. We ship
FULLY TESTED and CERTIFIED
DRIVES at NO ADDED CHARGE!
CHINONand Other Brands known
as the highest quality made.
STATE-OF-THE-ART
TECHNOLOGY
j
Special
Bundled
Software
with
Disk Drive
Purchase!
We have RSDOS, JDOS,
OWL DOS, ADOS available on
ROM. Call about Double Sided
or Special Needs.
TOLL FREE
ORDER LINE
(800) 245-6228
Call for
LATEST
PRICES!!!
WARRANTIES
90 day - 1 YEAR
M.C. & VISA Accepted
OWL-WARE
P.O. Box 116-D
Mertztown. PA.
19539
PA Res lnclude6%Tai
PA (215) 682-6855
OWL TIP :
If you compare price to value,
OWL-WARE always has the best
price!!!
OWL-WARE SOFTWARE
BUNDLE: DISK TUTORIAL
2 UTILITIES
2 GAMES
DISK TUTOR
LEARN EVERYTHING ABOUT DISK BASIC
FROM THIS MACHINE LANGUAGE
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LESSON TUTORIAL THAT WILL GIVE YOU
QUICK. PAINLESS KNOWLEDGE OF DISK
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AN OPERATING SYSTEM THAT GIVES
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USE OF DOUBLE SIDED DRIVES .
CORRECTS FLOATING POINT NUMBER
ERROR.
COPY-IT
QUICKLY COPIES SELECTED PROGRAMS
FROM DISK. USE WILD CARD OPTION
SEARCH TO SELECT GROUPS OF
PROGRAMS FOR COPY (NOT FOR PRO-
TECTED PROGRAMS)
2 GAMES
2 GAMES FROM OUR STOCK.
BOTH HAVE SOLD FOR OVER $17, EACH.
IF SOLD SEPARATELY OVER
$ 125.00 WORTH OF SOFTWARE!!!
only $24.95!!!
(or even better)
$4.95 with
DISK DRIVE PURCHASE!!!
Word Puzzles
By Steve Blyn
Rainbow Contributing Editor
This month's column presents a
program to help learn spelling or
vocabulary lists. Depending on
the words used, this program could be
applied to any grade level. We arbitrar-
ily entered typical fourth-grade spelling
words.
The words are entered on the pro-
gram's DATA lines. These are contained
in lines 370 on. Each DATA line contains
a spelling word and a key word to act
as a clue. They are used by the program
as A$ and B$. If you wish to convert this
program to a foreign language pro-
gram, the key word could be the English
equivalent of the mystery word.
This program actually contains two
games in one. They both use the idea of
finding the correct spelling of the mys-
tery word. The students who tested this
game for us found the second game was
a little more difficult than the first game.
The games are chosen randomly by the
program.
Steve Blyn teaches both exceptional
and gifted children, holds two master's
degrees and has won awards for the
design of programs to aid the handi-
capped. He owns Computer Island and
lives in Staten Island, New York.
The first game presents a partial
mystery word such as "xfra" along with
a key word given as an aid, such as
"border." The clues given would be
"-x" and "+me." This appears on the
screen as:
XFRA r X + ME
The student subtracts the first clue (x)
from the beginning of the word and
adds the next clue (me) to the end of the
word. The mystery word is therefore,
"frame." The routine for the first game
is contained in lines 150 to 200.
The second game is slightly more
difficult. A key word is also supplied as
an aid, but the clue is harder to apply.
Let's suppose the word we are looking
for is "frame" once again. The word
"frame" is given, minus any one of its
letters such as:
FRME +A or FRAE +M
The solution to this type of puzzle
requires a higher order of thought
process than the first game. The routine
for the second game is contained in lines
220 to 280.
Line 290 prints the key word clue for
either game. The clue is the same for
both games. Lines 300 to 330 ask for the
student's answer, which is AN$. AN$ is
then compared to the correct answer
A$(R). If the student is incorrect, the
correct answer is displayed.
Each type of game appears randomly.
Lines 130 and 140 randomize the use of
the two. The beginning routine for the
first game is contained in lines 150 to
200, and those for the harder game are
in lines 220 to 280. Lines 290 through
360 contain the rest of the program
needed for both games.
It is possible that only one of the two
games is suitable for your child or
students. Customize this game to an
easier or harder level by deleting the
lines of the routine you want to omit.
We found that having the two ways of
playing increased student interest in the
game. The element of surprise added to
the enjoyment of using the program.
We have not included scoring in this
game. We felt this is the type of program
where the student shortly masters all of
the material. You may of course, add a
scorecard after every ten or twenty
turns. Line 60 would be a convenient
place to add a counter for turns and
Line 320 would be the place to insert a
counter for correct responses.
74 THE RAINBOW September 1986
After each example, the child may
press either 'E' to end the progam or
ENTER to go on to the next example. As
written, the program continues until the
child presses the 'E' key. We would hope
that the material being tested is mas-
tered at that point.
We at Computer Island are always
interested in hearing from our readers.
Your experiences with our programs
and suggestions for changes are most
helpful to us. O
260 FOR A=X+2 TO L: PRINT MID$ ( (A
$ (R) ) / A, 1) ; : SOUND 24j3,2:NEXT A
27j3 PRINT" + " ;MID$ (A$ (R) ,X+1,
1)
280 PRINTS 3 2 0, "ADD THE EXTRA LET
TER SOMEWHERE."
29j3 PRINT@145 , B$ (R)
300 PRINTS 2 10, "" ;
310 LINE INPUT AN$ : PRINT@32,0, ""
32j3 IF AN$=A$(R) THEN PRINT§3 32,
"CORRECT" ; : PLAY"O4L2j30ECEGGEC" : G
OTO 34j3
3 3j3 PRINT§3 20," SORRY, THE ANS
WER IS - ":PRINT§362,A$(R) ;
34J3 PRINT@422, "PRESS ENTER TO GO
ON" ;
350 EN$=INKEY$
360 IF EN$=CHR$(13) THEN 60 ELSE
IF EN$="E" THEN END ELSE 350
370 DATA SNEAKERS , SHOES
380 DATA SCOLD, YELL
390 DATA PRICE, COST
\00 DATA MIDDLE, CENTER
M0 DATA OCEAN, SEA
42J3 DATA LAUGH, SMILE
43J3 DATA LESSON, LEARN
44J3 DATA FRIENDS , BUDDIES
45J3 DATA HAMMER, NAILS
46J3 DATA GOWN, DRESS
M0 DATA FRIED, COOKED
48j3 DATA FRAME, BORDER
49J3 DATA DELIVER, GIVE
500 DATA EARTH, SOIL
510 DATA EVERYONE, ALL
520 DATA FEAST, EAT
530 DATA ENJOY, LIKE
54J3 DATA CANDLE, BURN
550 DATA BASEBALL, BATS
560 DATA WHEEL, ROUND
160 .
290 .
430 .
END
178
171
.22
207
The listing: SPELPUZL
10 REM " S PE LLI NG PUZZLES-GRADE 4"
20 REM "STEVE BLYN , COMPUTER ISLAN
D SOFTWARE, NY, 1986"
30 CZ=RND( -TIMER)
4J3 N=2j3:DIM A$'(N),B$(N)
50 FOR T=l TO N : READ A$(T),B$(T)
: NEXT T
60 CLS RND(8) :PRINT§8, "WORD PU
zzles 1 ';
10 PRINT§64, "PUZZLE- 11
80 PRINT@128,"YOUR KEY WORD -"
90 PRINT© 19 2 , "MYSTERY WORD ? -"
100 R=RND (N) : 1 CHOOSE A RANDOM #
llj3 L=LEN(A$(R) )
12J3 H=64+RND(26)
13 0 G=RND(2)
14J3 IF G=l THEN 150 ELSE 22j3
150 REM" EASIER GAME"
160 PRINT@73,CHR$(H) ;
110 FOR A=l TO L-2 :PRINTMID$( (A$
(R) ) , A, 1) ; : SOUND 240, 2: NEXT A
180 PRINT" ";"- ";CHR$(H);" +
190 PRINT RIGHT$(A$(R) ,2)
200 PRINT§ 320 FOLLOW THE 2 CLUE
S AT THE TOP."
21J3 GOTO 29J3
220 REM "HARDER GAME"
23j3 X=RND(L)-2
24J3 IF X<2 THEN 2 3 0 : 1 PREVENT BEL
OW ZERO
250 PRINT@73, LEFT$ (A$ (R) , X) ;
/55\
ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE PROGRAMMING for the TRS-80 COLOR COMPUTER
At last - The book exclusively for you and your CoCo !!
You've learned BASIC and are now ready to learn assembly
language programming. This hands-on guide begins with
the basics and progresses to the expert level;
revealing programming conventions and techniques and
all the internal capabilities of the TDP-100, CoCo 1
and 2. At every step of the way are illustrations,
sample programs, and plain English explanations. All
sample programs are shown as assembled with Radio
Shack's EDTASM+ cartridge. Plus, a complete chapter
explains how to use all EDTASH+ capabilities. This book
describes how to write subroutines, interrupt handlers,
programs that control the graphics display modes,
cassette, disk, keyboard, sound, joysticks, serial I/O,
interrupts, and use of ROM resident subroutines. Also
covered are the MC6809E microprocessor, the video
display generator (VDG), peripheral interface adapters
(PIA), SAM, memory, and how they all work together.
Suitable as a high school or college textbook.
CHAPTERS : The Binary Number System - Memory and Data
Representation - Introduction MC6809E Microprocessor -
Addressing Modes of the MC6809E - MC6809E Instruction
Set - Assembly Language Programming with EDTASM+ -
Assembly Language Programming - Assembly Language and
Extended Color BASIC - Internal Control and Graphics -
Technical Details.
289 pages TRS-80 & EDTASM+ are
soft cover trademarks of Tandy Corp
$16.00 U.S. plus $1.50 shipping. Check or money order.
RI residents please add 6% sales tax. Inquire about
vol ume d i scounts .
Published and TEPC0
sold by 30 Water Street
Portsmouth, RI 02871
September ig86 THE RAINBOW 75
EDUCATION OVERVIEW
Tandy Grants and the Status
of Educational Computers
By Michael Plog, Ph.D.
Rainbow Contributing Editor
The September issue, and school is
starting. It's time to leave the fun
of summer for the rigors of class-
rooms once again. For those using
computers in classrooms, there is some
good news. The Tandy Corporation
supports proposals for those interested
in using Tandy/ Radio Shack compu-
ters for instruction. You can write a
proposal to Tandy and possibly get
money for your pet project.
The Tandy grant program started in
1982. Since then, Tandy has awarded
more than one million dollars in com-
puters and software equipment to non-
profit educational institutions and
individual educators. The company
typically receives 150 to 200 proposals
per grant cycle and funds about 10
percent of them. The competition is
rather stiff for these grants.
This grant cycle from Tandy has two
areas of competition. One is for creative
use of microcomputers in education.
Michael Plog received his doctorate
degree from the University of Illinois.
He has taught social studies in high
school, worked in a central office of a
school district and currently is em-
ployed at the Illinois State Board of
Education.
Give your dreams free rein if you write
for this one. The proposal must indicate
a "creative" use of microcomputers in
education. The deadline for this grant
is September 30 (better hurry).
The second type of grant is for using
microcomputers in instructional man-
agement. This is not computer-assisted
instruction, but management of instruc-
tion with computers. The deadline for
this grant is December 3 1 .
If you are interested in writing for
either of these grants, contact Bill
Gattis, Tandy Educational Grants Pro-
gram, 1400 One Tandy Center, Fort
Worth, Texas 76102,(817)390-3832. He
will send you all the details on how to
apply. Grants are awarded in the form
of TRS-80 hardware, software and
accessories from Tandy's Radio Shack
division. Awards do not exceed $ 10,000.
Of course, you can buy a lot of Color
Computer equipment for that amount.
If you write for a Tandy grant, you
might help determine how computers
are used in your schools. A lot of
schools have computers and are using
them in a variety of ways. Johns Hop-
kins University is interested in how
computers are used in schools and has
conducted the Second National Survey
of Instructional Uses of School Compu-
ters. This study gathered information
about the 1984-85 school year from
more than 10,000 teachers and princi-
pals in over 2,300 elementary and secon-
dary schools, and is the most extensive
survey on school computer use to date.
Computer use in schools has grown,
as you might expect. Nearly all secon-
dary schools and elementary schools
have begun to use computers in instruc-
tional programs. Ninety percent of U.S.
school children attend schools that have
at least one computer. However, this
does not mean ninety percent of stu-
dents use computers. During the 1984-
85 school year, nearly half of elemen-
tary and middle school pupils, and as
many as one-third of high school stu-
dents made some use of computers at
school. There are computer-using
schools and there are schools where
computers are not used to any great
extent.
During an average week at a typical
computer-using school, more than one-
quarter of the student body used com-
puters. At a typical kindergarten
through sixth grade computer-using
school, 30 percent of students used
computers during an average week. At
a typical high school, 21 percent of
students used computers.
One-fourth of all U.S. teachers used
computers regularly with students dur-
76 THE RAINBOW September 1986
ingthe 1984-85 school year. Elementary
teachers tend to use computers more
'regularly" than secondary teachers: 37
percent for elementary teachers and 15
percent for secondary teachers. Because
secondary schools are larger than ele-
mentary schools, roughly the same
number of teachers used computers
regularly during the yean Whether at
elementary, middle or high school,
about five teachers per school are
regular users.
The ways students use computers
differ by grade level. In elementary
schools, more than half of computer use
by students involves drill and practice
and tutorial programs. The tutorial
programs are generally computer as-
sisted instruction (CAI). Only about 12
percent of elementary students' time is
spent writing computer programs.
Mathematics and language arts (Eng-
lish and reading) are the major subjects
using computers at this level. In 1983,
the typical elementary school student
using computers was on the machine
about 20 minutes per week. In 1985, the
time spent with the machine had in-
creased to 35 minutes each week.
High school students, by contrast,
spend only 16 percent of their computer
time on CAI, but half of the time
dealing with programming. Computer
literacy and programming are the dom-
inant subjects for high school students,
with business education and mathemat-
ics next. Time with the machines has
increased at the secondary school also.
In 1983, secondary students spent 45
minutes per week dealing with compu-
ters. By 1985, this had increased to 90
minutes each week. There are two
reasons for more computer time per
student at upper grades. More compu-
ters are available at each school and
each computer is used more than in
elementary schools.
Across all school levels, time spent on
computers can be divided into thirds.
About one-third of the time is for CAI,
one-third for programming, and one-
third for all other academic work,
including discovery learning and word
processing.
In elementary schools, computers
tend to be spread out, with a smaller
number of machines at each location,
but more locations. High schools tend
to cluster computers, such as establish-
ing a computer lab. Middle schools tend
to have computer labs even more than
elementary or high schools. More than
three-fifths of all computers in middle
schools are in labs, and the labs are just
as large (as many machines) as the ones
in high schools.
Computers in labs tend to be used
more than computers in classrooms.
This is partly because students doing
programming use more computer time
than students doing CAI, and lab loca-
tions tend to be more devoted to pro-
gramming.
The Johns Hopkins study considered
all computers used in schools during
1985. The Color Computer was not
reported separately, but in the category
of "other low-cost color" machines.
About three-fourths of the machines in
this category were used in eighth grade
or lower. We can deduce, therefore, that
the Color Computer is primarily an
elementary school machine. Over half
of terminals used in secondary schools
were connected to mainframes, 16-bit
microcomputers and the rest of the
TRS-80 line.
This is a brief presentation of the
findings of the computer use survey.
There are six newsletters containing
results of the entire study. If you want
the complete series of all six newsletters,
send S7.50 to Computer Survey News-
letters, Center for Social Organization
of Schools, Johns Hopkins University,
3505 N. Charles St., Baltimore, MD
21218.
This survey might be useful to you if
you decide to write for one of the Tandy
grants. Background information will
strengthen the proposal. If anyone
reading this does apply for the Tandy
grants, please let me know. Write to
me at 829 Evergreen, Chatham, IL
62629. /R\
CORRECTIONS
"CoCo Dares You to Name That Tune" (June 1986,
Page 66): Marge Rutter has written to clarify some points
on her program. First, there is a comma missing from
Line 852 of Listing 2. This problem occurred due to a
printing error. Line 852 should read:
852 PR I NT@238 ^"ftNCr
Secondly, Marge neglected to mention the proper
procedure for passing in the Bid-A-Note section. In order
to pass, you must enter PRSS or P. Just pressing ENTER
does not work and will eventually cause an error.
"Picprt: Good Things Gome in All Sizes" (May 1986,
Page 72): Mark Sullins has written to correct an error
in his Picprt routines. In one portion of Normal, Mark
used commands to set the Baud rate at 2400. Unfortu-
nately this overrides the Baud rate that the user sets. To
correct the situation, add the following line to Listing 1.
This replaces the offending bytes with NOP instructions.
33 FOR 3>&H7Dj35 TO &H7D$8:POKE I
,&H12:NEXT I
For quicker service, Corrections will be posted on
Delphi as soon as they are available in the Info on
Rainbow topic area of the database. Just type DflTR at
the CoCo SIG prompt and INFO at the Topic? prompt.
September 1986 THE RAINBOW 77
Develop spelling skills and the ability
to recognize misspelled words
I Before E
Except A fter C
(Or when it's like
A as in Neighbor
and Weigh)
By Donald Turowski
Let's see, what's the correct spell-
ing? Is it "received," "recieved,"
or "reserved"?
Need a program to help you with
your child's spelling words? I know —
you already have a couple. In fact,
you're probably saying that these pro-
grams are more trouble to run than
simply sitting down and asking the
children their words. Well, you may be
right! But, if you're looking for a pro-
gram that will help your child's spelling
skills and also the ability to recognize
when a word is misspelled, then SPEL-
DRIL is the answer.
Donald Turowski has a bachelor's
degree in education and teaches algebra
and computer literacy in the Burrells
School District in Natrona Heights,
Pennsylvania. He is married and has
two children.
SPELDRIL is set up like some stand-
ardized tests in schools. Three spellings
of a word are shown to the child and
then he must choose the correct one.
This type of approach helps the child
recognize potential misspelled words
while also developing the skills for
correct spelling.
Once the child determines the correct
spelling, then he must carefully type in
the word. This also helps with keyboard
layout recognition on the computer.
This program has been used both at
the elementary and middle/junior high
school levels. It generates a printer copy
as a sort of "report card" for the parent
or teacher.
For teachers, this program can be
used for each unit or chapter through-
out the year. Since each file only uses
one granule on a diskette, over 60 units
or chapter lists can be kept on file for
review or for the next year's classes.
After loading and typing RUN, a title
screen and then a menu appears with
five choices: Prepare a new word list,
Save a word list, Load a word list, Start
spelling recognition and End.
A printer copy can be selected (or a
screen report card). This provides feed-
back, and is helpful if the student or
child retakes the same list of words for
reinforcement. If a word is missed, the
correct spelling is presented. This is, of
course, the type of immediate feedback
the child needs. Various messages and
audible feedback on correct and incor-
rect responses are provided,
SPELDRIL was written on a 64K
CoCo with a single disk drive option.
However, it should be able to run on
16K Extended BASIC Color Computers
with no problems. A cassette option was
not included, but it should be easy to
adapt it for cassette,
(You may direct questions about this
program to the author at 1236 Ninth
Avenue, Natrona Heights, PA 15065,
412-224-6529. Please enclose an SASE
when writing.) □
Sample Report
JIMMY'S REPORT:
Word List is ==>TESTFILE
YOU MISSED == > F E BRU AR Y
YOU MISSED ==>RECEIVED
YOU MISSED ==>RECOMMEND
YOU MISSED ==>RESPONSIBLE
YOU MISSED ==> PARALLEL
JIMMY > 15 CORRECT OUT OF 2J3
78 THE RAINBOW September 1986
Editor's Note: To modify this program for cassette
operation, change #1 in lines 2030, 2070, 3030 and 3070
to #-1. This causes a data file to be opened on cassette
rather than disk. Also, you will need to use PRINT#-1
in Line 2050 instead of WRITE#1.
The listing: SPELDRIL
10 REM PROGRAM TO RECOGNIZE
SPELLING PATTERNS, ETC.
14 CO=0:WR=0
15 CLEAR 3000:DIM A$ (20) , B$ (20) ,
C$(20) ,D$(20)
20 CLS (RND(8) ) :PRINT@32*6+5, "spe
lling recognition"; : PRINT@32*13+
1, "programmed by d. turowski (198 6
) " ; :PRINT§3 2*15+1, " [suggestions
by t. gallagher]";
25 PLAY"L1603GF#GEFGL8AL16GF#GL2
8CDEFGAB04CP8":FOR WW=1 TO 1000:
NEXT WW
26 CLS(8):FOR WW=1 TO 16:PRINTTA
B(5) ; "spelling recognition" : NEXT
WW: FOR WW=1 TO 21:PRINT§32*15+W
W , " GET READY ! " ; : SOUND 200 , 1 : FORX
X=1TO100:NEXT XX:PRINT@32*15+WW,
» ";:NEXT WW
30 FOR D=l TO 20: SOUND D,1:NEXT
D:CLS(RND(8) )
40 CO=0:WR=0:CLS(RND(8) ) :PRINT@3
2+6 , "spelling recognition" ; : PRIN
T@32*3, "<1>PREPARE NEW WORD LIST
ii
50 PRINT§32*4, "<2>SAVE WORD LIST
ii
60 PRINT@32*5, "<3>LOAD WORD LIST
ii
70 PRINT§32*6, "<4>start SPELLING
RECOGNITION PROGRAM"
80 PRINT@32*7, "<5>END SESSION
90 PRINT@32*10+5, "**enter your c
hoice**";: INPUT C:PLAY"T22405L6
CECE"
100 IF C<1 OR C>5 THEN 40
110 ON C GOTO 1000,2000,3000,400
0,5000
1000 REM ROUTINE TO PREPARE NEW
WORD LIST
1010 CLS(RND(8) ) :PRINT"YOU WILL
BE PERMITTED TO ENTER 20 WORDS
FOR EACH FILE. FOLLOW TH
E PROMPTS ON THE SCREEN"
1015 PRINT "you must enter the co
rrect spelling as one of th
e three choices !!!!!!!!!!!!!!
" : PRINTSTRING$ (32,".")
1020 FOR X=l TO 20
1025 PRINT" FILE WORD #";X: PRINTS
TRING$(32,"=")
1030 INPUT"enter spelling #1"/A$
(X)
1040 INPUT"enter spelling #2";B$
(X)
1050 INPUT"enter spelling #3";C$
(X)
1060 PRINT"is correct spelling 1
,2, or 3 ?": INPUT B
1061 IF B<1 OR B>3 THEN PRINT "EN
TER ONLY 1,2, OR 3!":GOTO 1060
1062 IF B=l THEN D$(X)=A$(X)
1063 IF B=2 THEN D$(X)=B$(X)
1064 IF B=3 THEN D$(X)=C$(X)
1070 NEXT X
1080 SOUND 200, 3: SOUND 200,3:PRI
NT"**BE SURE TO SAVE THIS FILE!!
**":PRINT"do you want to save it
now?"; : INPUT V$:IF LEFT$(V$,1)=
uyn THEN 2000
1090 PRINT"press <enter> to retu
rn to menu": INPUT RR$:GOTO 40
2000 REM ROUTINE TO SAVE WORD
LIST TO DISK
2010 CLS (RND(8) ) :PRINT@8, "save f
ile routine";
2020 PRINT@32*3 , "enter name for
file" : INPUT F$
2030 OPEN"0",#l,F$
2040 FOR X=l TO 20
2050 WRITE#1, A$(X) ,B$(X) ,C$(X) ,
D$(X)
2060 NEXT X
2070 CLOSE #1
2080 SOUND 123, 2: SOUND 123,2:PRI
NT" file saved to disk! !!!!!!!!!"
2090 PRINT§32*14, "press <enter>
to return to menu" ; : INPUT RR$
2100 GOTO 40
3000 REM ROUTINE TO LOAD WORD
LIST FROM DISK
3010 CLS(RND(8) ) : PRINT@8 , "load f
ile routine";
3020 PRINT@32*3,"enter name of f
ile": INPUT F$
3030 OPEN"I",#l,F$
3040 FOR X=l TO 20
3050 INPUT#1,A$ (X) ,B$(X) ,C$(X) ,D
$(X)
3060 NEXT X
3070 CLOSE#l
3080 SOUND 123, 2 '.SOUND 123,2:PRI
NT" file loaded from disk! !!!!!!!
September 1986 THE RAINBOW 79
! ! " ;
3090 PRINT§32*14, "press <enter>
to return to menu";: INPUT RR$
31)3)3 GOTO 4)3
4)3)3)3 REM ROUTINE TO REVIEW WITH
STUDENT THE VARIOUS
SPELLINGS OF WORDS
4)31)3 CLS(RND(8) ) : IF A$(l)="" THE
N PRINT" sorry, there are no word
s loaded into this program
! ! ! ! ! 1 ! " : PRINT"please check if a
file has been loaded press <
enter> to return to menu" : I
NPUT RR$:GOTO 4)3
4)315 PRINT "PLEASE <ENTER> YOUR N
AME": INPUT NA$: PRINT" DO YOU HAVE
A PRINTER ON";: INPUT Z$:IF LEFT
$(Z$,1)="Y" THEN FL=1 ELSE FL=)3 :
4)316 SOUND 2)3)3,3:CLS(RND(8) )
4)317 IF FL=1 THEN PRINT#-2 , NA$ ; "
•S REPORT: " :PRINT#-2, "Word List
is ==>";F$:PRINT#-2,STRING$(60, "
"")
4)318 GOSUB 6)3)3)3
4)32)3 FOR X=l TO 2)3
4)33)3 PRINT@32*2+9, "word number";
X;
4)34)3 PRINT@32*5 , "type the correc
tly spelled word";
4)35)3 PRINT@32*6,A$(X)
4)36)3 PRINT§32*7,B$(X)
4)37)3 PRINT@32*8,C$(X)
4)38)3 PRINT@32*10 , "the correct sp
elling is " :PRINT@3 2*13 ,
" " ; : INPUT AN$
4)385 IF FL=1 AND AN$<>D$(X) THEN
PRINT#-2,"YOU MISSED ==>";D$(X)
4)39)3 IF AN$=D$(X) THEN 42)3)3 ELSE
43)30
41)3)3 FOR QQ=1 TO 2)3)30: NEXT QQ:CL
S(RND(8) ) : NEXT X
411) 3 PRINT"YOU GOT ";CO;" CORREC
T OUT OF 2)3 POSSIBLE CORR
ECT"
4115 IF FL=1 THEN PRINT#-2 , STRIN
G$(6)3, "=") :PRINT#-2,NA$;" >";
CO;" CORRECT OUT OF 2)3" : PRINT#-2
,STRING$(6)3 / "=")
412) 3 IF CO>=16 THEN PRINT "NICE
JOB, YOU DID VERY WELL! ": PLAY "VI
9;T403L3C02L8B03L4DCP8L3FL8EL4GF
P8AP16AP16AP16AP16L2AP2L4GFGA-AL
3B-L4FGAB-04CD03L3AL8GL2F" : GOTO
4)3
413) 3 IF( CO<16 AND CO>=14) THEN
PRINT "NOT BAD. NEXT TIME, TRY
TO GET AT LEAST 16 CORRECT IF Y
OU CAN." :PLAY"L1603GF#GEFGL8AL16
'EXCELLENT! " :GOTO 41)3
'GOOD JOB!!":GOTO 41)3
•ALL RIGHT! ":GOTO 41)3
•YOU'RE RIGHT!": GOTO
GF#GL28CDEFGAB04CP8" :F0RTT=1T015
)3)3:NEXT TT: GOTO 4)3
4135 PLAY"V25T303P4L2CL3CL8CL2CE
-L8DL3DL8CL3C02L8B03L2CP2"
414)3 PRINT" YOU NEED TO TRY THIS
PROGRAM AGAIN UNTIL YOU GET A
T LEAST 14 CORRECT. STAND BY
, THE PROGRAM WILL RE-START
SHORTLY .": FOR QQ=1 TO 3 5)3)3: NEXT
QQ : CO=)3 : GOTO 40)3)3
4 2)30 PLAY " T2 50 ; 03 ABCDEFGABCDEFGA
BCDEFG" : C0RRECT=C0RRECT+1 : Z=RND (
5)
4210 ON Z GOTO 4220,4230,4240,42
50,4260
4220 PRINT "VERY GOOD!": GOTO 410
4230 PRINT
0
4240 PRINT
0
4250 PRINT
4260 PRINT
4100
4300 REM WRONG RESPONSES
4310 PLAY"T20O2ACACACACAC" : WRONG
=WR0NG+1:Z=RND(5)
4320 ON Z GOTO 4330,4340,4350,43
60,4370
4330 PRINT"NOPE! IT IS ";D$(X):G
OTO 4100
4340 PRINT "SORRY ! IT IS ";D$(X):
GOTO 4100
4 350 PRINT "NOT QUITE. IT'S ";D$(
X) :GOTO 4100
4360 PRINT"OOPS, IT'S ";D$(X):GO
TO 4100
4 370 PRINT"NO, IT'S REALLY ";D$(
X) SGOTO 4100
5000 END
6000 REM ROUTINE FOR QUICK LOOK
AT FILE WORDS
6010 CLS(RND(8) ) : PRINT "YOU WILL
BE GIVE A SHORT, QUICK LOOK AT T
HE WORDS IN THIS PROGRAM. .
. LOOK AT THEM QUICKLY!"
6020 PRINT§32*14+3 , "press any ke
y to continue" ; :EXEC44539
6030 CLS (RND (8) )
6040 FOR X=20 TO 1 STEP -1
6050 PRINT D$(X) ,
6060 NEXT X
6070 FOR W=l TO 3 500: NEXT W
6080 PRINT@32*15+10, "time is up!
!!";:SOUND 200, 2: SOUND 200, 2: FOR
W-l TO 400: NEXT W: CLS: RETURN
80
THE RAINBOW September 1986
i
the Color Computer Word Processor
3 display formats: 51/64/85
columns x 24 lines
True lower case characters
User -friendly full -screen
editor
Right justification
Easy hyphenation
Drives any printer
Embedded format and
control codes
Runs in 16K, 32K, or 64K
Menu-driven disk and
cassette I/O
No hardware modifications
required
THE ORIGINAL
Simply stated, Telewriter is the most powerful
word processor you can buy for the TRS-80
Color Computer. The original Telewriter has
received rave reviews in every major Color
Computer and TRS-80 magazine, as well as
enthusiastic praise from thousands of satisfied
owners. And rightly so.
The standard Color Computer display of 32
characters by 16 lines without lower case is
simply inadequate for serious word processing.
The checkerboard letters and tiny lines give you
no feel for how your writing looks or reads.
Telewriter gives the Color Computer a 5 1
column by 24 line screen display with true
lower case characters. So a Telewriter screen
looks like a printed page, with a good chunk of
text on screen at one time. In fact, more on
screen text than you'd get with Apple II, Atari,
TI, Vic or TRS-80 Model III.
On top of that, the sophisticated Telewriter
full-screen editor is so simple to use, it makes
writing fun. With single-letter mnemonic
commands, and menu-driven I/O and
formatting, Telewriter surpasses all others for
user friendliness and pure power.
Telewriter's chain printing feature means that
the size of your text is never limited by the
amount of memory you have, and Telewriter's
advanced cassette handler gives you a powerful
word processor without the major additional
cost of a disk.
...one of the best programs for the Color
Computer I have seen...
— Color Computer News, Jan. 1982
TELEWRITER-64
But now we've added more power to
Telewriter. Not just bells and whistles, but
major features that give you total control over
your writing. We call this new supercharged
version Telewriter-64. For two reasons.
64K COMPATIBLE
Telewriter-64 runs fully in any Color Computer
— - 16K, 32K, or 64K, with or without Extended
Basic, with disk or cassette or both. It
automatically configures itself to take optimum
advantage of all available memory. That means
that when you upgrade your memory, the
Telewriter-64 text buffer grows accordingly. In
a 64K cassette based system, for example, you
get about 40K of memory to store text. So you
don't need disk or FLEX to put all your 64K
to work immediately.
64 COLUMNS (AND 85!)
Besides the original 51 column screen,
Telewriter-64 now gives you 2 additional high-
density displays: 64 x 24 and 85 x 24!! Both
high density modes provide all the standard
Telewriter editing capabilities, and you can
switch instantly to any of the 3 formats with a
single control key command.
The 51 x 24 display is clear and crisp on the
screen. The two high density modes are more
crowded and less easily readable, but they are
perfect for showing you the exact layout of
your printed page, all on the screen at one
time. Compare this with cumbersome
"windows" that show you only fragments at a
time and don't even allow editing.
RIGHT JUSTIFICATION &
HYPHENATION
One outstanding advantage of the full-width
screen display is that you can now set the
screen width to match the width of your
printed page, so that "what you see is what
you get." This makes exact alignment of
columns possible and it makes hyphenation
simple.
Since short lines are the reason for the large
spaces often found in standard right justified
text, and since hyphenation is the most
effective way to eliminate short lines,
Telewriter-64 can now promise you some of the
best looking right justification you can get on
the Color Computer.
FEATURES & SPECIFICATIONS:
Printing and formatting: Drives any printer
(LPV1I/VIII, DMP-100/200, Epson, Okidata,
Centronics, NEC, C. Itoh, Smith-Corona,
Terminet, etc).
Embedded control codes give full dynamic access to
intelligent printer features like: underlining,
subscript, superscript, variable font and type size, dot-
graphics, etc.
Dynamic (embedded) format controls for: top,
bottom, and left margins; line length, lines per page,
line spacing, new page, change page numbering,
conditional new page, enable /disable justification.
Menu-driven control of these parameters, as well as:
pause at page bottom, page numbering, baud rate (so
you can run your printer at top speed), and Epson
font. "Typewriter" feature sends typed lines directly
to your printer, and Direct mode sends control codes
right from the keyboard. Special Epson driver
simplifies use with MX-80.
Supports single and multi-line headers and automatic
centering. Print or save ail or any section of the text
buffer. Chain print any number of files from cassette
or disk.
File and I/O Features: ASCII format files —
create and edit BASIC, Assembly, Pascal, and C
programs, Smart Terminal files (for uploading or
downloading), even text files from other word
processors. Compatible with spelling checkers (like
Spell 'n Fix).
Cassette verify command for su r e saves. Cassette auto-
retry means you type a load command only once no
matter where you are in the tape.
Read in, save, partial save, and append files with disk
and/or cassette. For disk: print directory with free
space to screen or printer, kill and rename files, set
default drive. Easily customized to the number of
drives in the system.
Editing features: Fast, full-screen editor with
wordwrap, block copy, block move, block delete, line
delete, global search and replace (or delete), wild card
search, fast auto-repeat cursor, fast scrolling, cursor
up, down, right, left, begin line, end line, top of text,
bottom of text; page forward, page backward, align
text, tabs, choice of buff or green background,
complete error protection, line counter, word counter,
space left, current file name, default drive in effect,
set line length on screen.
Insert or delete text anywhere on the screen without
changing "modes." This fast "free-form" editor
provides maximum ease of use. Everything you do
appears immediately on the screen in front of you.
Commands require only a single key or a single key
plus CLEAR.
RAINBOW
CERTIFICATION
SEAL
...truly a state of the art word processor...
outstanding in every respect.
— The RAINBOW, Jan. 1982
PROFESSIONAL
WORD PROCESSING
You can no longer afford to be without the
power and efficiency word processing brings to
everything you write. The TRS-80 Color
Computer is the lowest priced micro with the
capability for serious word processing. And
only Telewriter-64 fully unleashes that
capability.
Telewriter-64 costs $49.95 on cassette, $59.95
on disk, and comes complete with over 70
pages of well-written documentation. (The step-
by-step tutorial will have your writing with
Telewriter-64 in a matter of minutes.)
To order, send check or money order to:
Cognitec
704 Nob Street
Del Mar, CA 92014
Or check your local software store. If you have
questions, or would like to order by Visa or
Mastercard, call us at (619) 755-1258 (weekdays,
8AM-4PM PST). Dealer inquiries invited. (Add
$2 for shipping. Californians add 6% state tax.)
Available at
Radio Shaek stores
via express order
catalogue #90-0253
90-0254
Apple II is a trademark of Apple Computer, Inc.; Atari is a trademark
of Atari, Inc.; TRS-80 is a trademark of Tandy Corp; MX-80 is e
trademark of Epson America, Inc.
Graph-O-Matic
By Jeff Harper
A fast way to plot 3-D functions using the CoCo
wTprogram, 3DFNCPLT,
I W is a three-dimensional
J function plot which
quickly graphs any function in a 3-D
Cartesian coordinate system.
To achieve 3-D graphing, the pro-
gram plots the function over the range
of *Y' coordinates (from smallest to
largest) for each 'X 1 coordinate. It then
graphs the function over the range of 'X 1
coordinates (again from smallest to
largest) over the range of 'Y 1 coordi-
nates. This produces a stunning graph
Jeff Harper is a high school math
teacher who enjoys programming the
Co Co as a hobby. He is also a computer
programming instructor for enrichment
classes held each summer.
of the function which resembles a net
having been draped over a solid of the
function.
The program first asks if you want to
have the 'X 1 , 'Y\ 4 Z' coordinate axes
drawn on the screen. Then you are
prompted to enter the function to be
plotted. The computer displays Z= at
which point you should enter a func-
tion. A typical response might be COS
(Y)+SIN(X),
The computer then requests the smal-
lest and largest 4 X' and 4 Y' coordinate
values. These values can have any range
dependent only upon the function to be
plotted. I usually get a good idea of
what a particular function looks like by
using a range of values from -3 to 3 for
both the 'X' and *Y' coordinates. At-
tempts to plot off of the screen are
cropped so as not to result in an error.
'X' coordinate values are graphed com-
ing toward you from the back of the
screen, 4 Y' coordinate values are
graphed horizontally and 'Z' coordinate
values are graphed vertically.
A unique and particularly useful
feature of this program is that it lets the
user enter the function to be plotted
while the program is running. The user
does not need to stop program execu-
tion, change a program line and then
rerun the program. The transformation
of your function into a line of BASIC
code is simple but interesting.
Once the function to be plotted is
entered, the routine beginning in Line
970 looks for the location of Line 410
Press any key tn continue
zH"l9-x 2 -y 2
x=[~3,3], y=[-3,3]
z=cosy+sinx
x=[-3,3],y=[-3,3]
82 THE RAINBOW September 1986
in memory. Once located, the string
containing your function is tokenized
into BASIC program Line 4 10. Note that
this is done before the program ever
reaches Line 410. Once the tokenizing
is complete, the program continues and
eventually executes Line 410 in the
subroutine beginning at Line 360. This
technique can easily be applied in other
programs of your own creation.
While 3DFNCPLT requires a 16K
Extended CoCo, the routine that trans-
forms the function into a BASIC pro-
gram line will work on any size or
system configuration including Color
BASIC.
( You may direct questions about this
program to Mr. Harper at 430 Swing
Avenue, Fincllay, OH 45840, 419-423-
8878. Please enclose an SASE when
writing.) □
Editor's Note: In Line 410 of the listing below, replace
the REM marks (') with spaces. This line is used for
entry of the function you wish to plot and the spaces
are required in order to reserve space for your
function.
The listing: 3DFNCPLT
10
20
2fd
4j3
5j3
6j3
70
80
9J3
W
110
120
130
140
150
160
170
180
190
200
3 DIMENSIONAL FUNCTION PLOT
WITH INTERACTIVE FUNCTION
DESIGNATION
BY
JEFF HARPER
02/15/85
PMODE 4,1
COLOR 0,1:PCLS1
LINE (0,0) -(255,191) ,PSET,B
'* STEP VALUES FOR DETAIL *
'* AND STRIPE SPACING *
***************************
S1=.5:S2=.5:S3=1
i
CLS
PRINT"AXES DRAWN ON SCREEN ( 420
Y/N)?»;
210 A$=INKEY$:IF A$="" THEN 210
ELSE IF A$<> ! 'N" AND A$<> ,, Y ,t THEN
210 ELSE PRINT A$ : PRINT
220
230 ****************************
240 1 *FIND LINE 410 IN MEMORY, *
250 1 *GET EQUATION & TRANSFORM *
260 '*IT INTO BASIC CODE AT *
270 1 *LINE 410 BEFORE WE GET *
280 1 *THERE IN THE PROGRAM. *
290 ****************************
300 GOSUB 1270
310 GOTO540
320
***********************
* RADIAN TRANSFORMATION*
***********************
360 RADIAN=(X*-. 7071068)
370
************************* —
*FUNCTION TO PLOT IN 410*^
*************************
Z=X A 2+Y A 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 •■''«'■■''•» i
i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i j *i i i i i i i i i i
i i i i t i i i i i i i i i i i
330
340
350
380
390
400
410
i i i i
i i i i
PRINTERS!!!
neWI Star Micronics NX- 10 s 295
Okidata 192 (Parallel) J 370
Okidata 192 (Serial) J 425
Okidata 182 J 240
Silver Reed 550 (Daisy Wheel) J 395
Silver Reed 400 (Daisy Wheel)(Par. or Serial) $ 200
Other Printers, Monitors, and Accessories for CoCo and IBM upon request.
1 15 off interface with purchase of printer.
Find your cheapest published price and we'll beat it!!!
SP-2 INTERFACE for EPSON PRINTERS:
■ 300-19.200 BAUD rates
■ Fits inside printer — No AC Plugs
■ Optional external switch ( $ 5°° extra) frees parallel port
for use with other computers
■ s 49 95 (plus *3°° shipping)
SP-3 INTERFACE for MOST OTHER PRINTERS:
■ 300-19,200 BAUD rates
■ External to printer — No AC Plugs
■ Built in modem /printer switch — no need for Y-cables or
plugging /unplugging cables
■ $ 64 9S (plus *3°° shipping)
Both also available for IBM, RS-232 and Apple IIC computers.
DISK DRIVE SYSTEMS
ALL Vi HEIGHT DOUBLE SIDED
Drive 0 (addressed as 2 drives!) $ 235
Drive 0,1 (addressed as 4 drives!) $ 350
All above complete with HDS controller, cable, & drive
in case with power supply
Bare Double Sided Drives $ 1 09
Dual Vi Height Case w/Power Supply $ 49
Double Sided Adapter $ 25
HDS Controller, RS ROM & Instructions $ 99
25 CDC DS/DD Diskettes $ 32 & $ 3 s/h
We use the HDS controller exclusively. Can use 2 different DOS ROM's.
Shipping Costs: $ 5/drive or power supply, $ I0 max.
Co Co Serial Cables 15 ft. — HO. Co Co/RS-232 Cables 15 ft.— $20.
Other cables on request. (Add $ 3 00 shipping)
CP.O. Box 293
Raritan, NJ 08869
(201) 722-1055
R ENGINEERING
September 1986 THE RAINBOW 83
4 3)3 ************************
44j3 1 *SCALE IMAGE TO SCREEN*
45J3 ************************
46j3 NX=1J3*(Y+RADIAN)+128
47j3 NY=192-(lj3*(Z+RADIAN)+96)
48j3 IF NX<j3 THEN NX=J3
490 IF NX>255 THEN NX=2 55
5J3J3 IF NY<J3 THEN NY=j3
51J3 IF NY>191 THEN NY=191
52,0 RETURN
53j3 1
54j3 PRINT: INPUT "SMALLEST X VALU
E" ;BX
55,0 INPUT" LARGEST X VALUE"; EX
56j3 INPUT "SMALLEST Y VALUE" ;BY
57J3 INPUT "LARGEST Y VALUE" ;EY
580 SCREEN 1,1
590 IF A$="N" THEN 72J3
610 ************************
620 **DRAW X, Y, AND Z AXIS*
630 ************************
640 LINE(128,51)-(128,96) ,PSET:L
INE-(178,96) , PSET: LINE (127, 96) -(
103,120) ,PSET
650 DRAW"BM190,98 U2NH2E2"
66,0 DRAWBM96 , 130 E2NH2NE2F2"
670 DRAW "BM126 / 42 NR4E4L4"
680 '
690 '**********************
700 '*PLOT FUNCTION VALUES*
710 ***********************
720 FOR X=BX TO EX STEP SI
730 FOR Y=BY TO EY STEP S2
740 GOSUB 360
750 IF Y=BY THEN LINE (NX, NY) - (NX
,NY) ,PSET:GOTO770
760 LINE- (NX, NY) , PSET
770 NEXT Y
780 NEXT X
790 1
800 *********************
810 »*PLOT CROSS STRIPES*
820 '********************
830 X=BX
840 FOR Y=BY TO EY STEP S3
850 GOSUB 3 60
860 X2=NX:Y2=NY
870 X=X+.5
880 IF X>EX THEN X=BX:GOTO 910
890 GOSUB 3 60
900 LINE(NX,NY)-(X2,Y2) , PSET: GOT
0 860
910 NEXT Y
920 1
930 DRAW" BM40, 189 U8R4D4NL4BR4 "
940 DRAW"ND4R4BR4"
950 DRAW"D4R4BU2NL4U2NL4BR4"
960 DRAW "NR4 D2 R4 D2 NL4 BR4 11
970 DRAW"R4U2L4U2R4BR8"
980 DRAW"R4D2L4D2R4U4BR4"
990 DRAW" ND4 R4 D4 BR4 "
1000 DRAW"R4U2L4U2BR4ND2BR8"
1010 DRAW"NU4D1ND3NE3NF3E1BR6"
1020 DRAW"D4R4BU2NL4U2NL4BR4BD4 "
1030 DRAW"R4U2L4U2BR4ND2BR8"
1040 DRAW"BU1R2NR2NU2D5BR4"
1050 DRAW"U4R4D4NL4BR8"
1060 DRAW"NR4U4R4BR4"
1070 DRAW"ND4R4D4NL4BR4"
1080 DRAW"U4R4D4BR4"
1090 DRAW" BU5R2NR2NU2 D5BR5 "
1100 DRAW"U4BU2U1BD7BR4"
1110 DRAW"U4R4D4BR4"
1120 DRAW"NU4R4NU4BR4"
1130 DRAW"NR4U2NR4U2R4D2"
1140 A$=INKEY$:A$=""
1150 A$=INKEY$:IF A$="" THEN 115
0 ELSE 100
1160 1
1170 ***************************
1180 1 * A BASIC SELF-PROGRAMMER*
1190 '* AND INTERPRETER *
1200 f * BY JEFF HARPER *
S*S*S OUTUNER
1 SNAP ■ STUDY- SYSTEM
* UNIQUELY FRIENDLY, learn in minutes,
*NO FORMS to set up. Just start entering
records o Use ARROW keys to change levels,
browse MAIN headings, SUB-headings, ITEMS.
*ADD - REVISE - DELETE at any level.
*NO FILE NAMES TO REMEMBER. Just choose
a file box (A-H) from the screen listing.
*3 SAMPLE FILES and examples included.
♦PRINT REPORT (printer codes permitted)
♦NOT COPY PROTECTED ♦CLEAR MANUAL
Best used every day to plan, check, review.
Plan an outline for reports, jobs, duties,
ideas, things to do. Reference notes for
studies, books, checklists etc, etc.
JOBS FILE PARTIAL FI^IT-murr
HOME
HOUSE MAINTENANCE
Oianqe kitchen washers
Faint utility room
ch&ck smoke alarm ****
Car service MCN 9AM
YZkRD
Prune hedge, shrubs
Gate hinoes fix
Clean out eave troughs
Marigolds-seed MAR 1st
PROJECT ' 200
Preliminary plan
Call traffic consultant
re TUes 8:45 meeting
BE ORGANIZED!
REQUIRE 32K DISK
PRINTER RECOMMENDED
ONLY $19.95
CANADA $25
ADD $2 shipping
COZY SOFTWARE
25142 53RD Ave
ALDERGROVE, B.C.
CANADA VOX 1A0
84 THE RAINBOW September 1986
12 10
122)3
1230
124)3
1250
126)3
•* 08/02/84 *
» * *
•♦ADAPTED FOR THE ECB COCO*
' *FROM AN ARTICLE IN US-80*
•* MAY/JUN 1981 PG.90 *
■ **************************
1270 MM=PEEK(25) *256+PEEK ( 2 6)
1280 LN=410
1290 MS=INT(LN/256) :LS=LN-256*MS
1300 M=MM
1310 IF PEEK(M+3)OLS OR PEEK(M+
2)<>MS THEN M=PEEK(M) *256+PEEK(M
+1) :GOTO1310
1320 ML=M+4
1330 PRINT" ENTER FUNCTION TO PLO
T"
1340 LINE INPUT " Z ==" ;E$
1350 E$="Z="+E$
1360 M=ML
1370 FOR N=l TO LEN(E$)
1380 Q=ASC(MID$(E$,N,1) )
1390 IF Q=43 THEN Q=171 : GOTO1510
• +
1400
i _
1420 IF Q=47 THEN Q=174 : GOTO1510
V
1430 IF Q=61 THEN Q=179 : GOTO1510
i —
1410
• *
IF Q=45 THEN Q=172 : GOTO1510
IF Q=42 THEN Q=173 : GOTO1510
1440 IF Q=94 THEN Q=175 : GOTO1510
I A
1450 IF Q=67 THEN Q=255 : Ql=149 :N
=N+2:GOTO1510'cos
1460 IF Q=84 THEN Q=255 : Ql=150 : N
=N+2:GOTO1510'tan
1470 IF Q=76 THEN Q=255 : Ql=153 : N
=N+2:GOTO1510'log
1480 IF Q=73 THEN Q=255 : Ql=129 : N
=N+2:GOTO 1510' int
1490 IF Q=83 THEN N=N+2 : IF MID$ (
E$,N-1, 1)="I"THEN Q=255:Q1=133 E
LSE Q=255:Q1=155 ' sin or sqr
1500 IF Q=65 THEN N=N+2:IF MID$ (
E$,N-1,1)="T"THEN Q=255:Q1=148 E
LSE Q=255 :Q1=130 1 atn or abs
1510 POKE M,Q:IF Q=2 55 THEN M=M+
l:POKE M,Q1
1520 M=M+1
1530 NEXT
1540 IF PEEK(M)<>0 THEN POKE M, 3
2:M=M+1:GOTO1540
1550 RETURN
COMPUTER GRADE
• DATA TRAC •
BLANK CASSETTES
C-05, C-06, C-10, C-12, C-20, C-24, C-32
From the leading supplier of Computer
Cassettes, new, longer length C-12 s
(6 minutes per side) provide the extra
lew leet needed tor some 16K programs.
• BASFIHD (DPS) world standard tape.
• Premium 5 screw shell with leader.
• Internationally acclaimed. Thousands ot
repeal users.
• Error Free • Money back guarantee.
t Call: 818/700-0330
FDR IMMEDIATE DELIVERS
on Credit Card Orders.
BUY THE BEST, AT FACTORY-DIRECT PRICES
0 500 C-12 t W C-10 « — Mc iaeh
Mabels, add 4< • Shipping $17 500
500 Bom 13( ei • Shipping S10 SCO
(Free Caddy oHer don nol apply)
TRACTOR FEED • DIE-CUT
BLANK CASSETTE LABELS
WHITE J3 00/100 S20 00/1000
COLORED LABELS • Pastels -
Red 8iue Green yellow Lavender
U 00/100 130 00/1000
CASSETTE STORAGE CADDV
Holds 12 cassettes il w
* .. bones
includes edge WW
and index card
FREE
h noi usitrrti rinttuiH
i-iemi la iff p n 1H fucki rAu
VORK lb
ITEM
1 DOZEN
2 DOZEN
TOTAL
C-05
□ 7.00
- 13.00
C-06
□ 7.00
□ 13.00
C-10
C-12
□ 7-M
n ? so
□ 14.00
□ 14.00
C-20
□ 875
□ 56 50
C-24
n 9-oo
'J 17.00
C-32
] 11.00
□ 21.00
Hard Boi
□ 250
M 4 00
WW Labels
■ 3.00/100
• 20.00/1000
Color Labels
Color
4.00V tOO
□ 30.00/1000
i.k'age CatWy (a, 2 95 0a Oty
SUB TDTAL
Calil resKfems add sales tax
SRipping^iandling
3.50
Outside *t Continental Stales — Additional {1
per caddy per coi cassettes oi botes
TOTAL
ORDER NOW... MAIL TO -
9525 Vassar Ave. #Fn
Chatsworth, CA 91311
ORDER FORM - -----------^
Each cassette includes 2 labels only. Boxes sold separate-
ly. In Continental U.S. shipment by U.P.S. If Parcel Post
preferred, check here. Q
Check or M O. enclosed [~] Send Quantity Discounts Q
Charge to credit card: VISA H MASTERCARD f]
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Exp,.
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I
I
I
I
I
I
Ask about our DUPLICATING SERVICE ■
Address
City.
State Zip
Signature.
Phone
Formaker
clean paperwork for business
"it will give the small or home business professional-looking
forms and effortless, errorless totals, accounting for taxes,
discounts, shipping and deposits:'
The RAINBOW, May 1986
RAINBOW
CtMT>*lCATM>4
UAL
menu driven
customize for your company
on screen Instructions
creates: Invoice, quote, purchase order,
mall order, receipt, letter
printer customization a m 0%
and much, much more 9^
"You have to look good to the customer . .
helps . . . by providing neat, well-prepared forms . . "
The rainbow, May 1986
32K ECB dlSC
This program
Makes learning so much fun . . . rainbow
. . . that kids think it's a game! Ci "«r~
Letter and number recognition. Ages 2 to 6
$24 32K ECB disc or tape
"If you are looking for a program to teach young children
the alphabet, numbers and early vocabulary, super tutor
may fit the bill" The rainbow, June 1986
Send for more information:
Challenger software
42 4th Street
Pennsburg, PA 18073
Call (215) 679-8792 (Evenings)
September 1 986 THE RAINBOW 85
Computer Island
227 Hampton Green, Staten Island,
(718) 948-2748
10312
PROGRAM TITLE
GRADES MEM OR Y PRICE PROG RAM TITLE
GRADES MEMORY PRICE
PRESCHOOL
Preschool I - counting Pre-K
Preschool II - adding Pre-K
Preschool III - alphabet Pre-K
Music Marvel-play songs Pre-K, 1
Arrow Games - 6 games Pre-K, 1
Fi rst Games - 6 games ; Pre-K, 1
Mr. Cocohead-facemaker K-3
Bentley Bear v
1 6K Ext;
16K Ext.
16KExt;
16K-Ext.
32K-Ext.
32K-Ext.
16K-Ext,
32K-Disk
LANGUAGE ARTS
Beyond Words 1-3 parts 3-5
Beyond Words 2-3 parts 6-8
Beyond Words 3-3 parts ?i§ii2
Vocabulary 1-1000 words 3-5
Vocabulary 2-1000 words 6-8
Vocabulary 3-1000 words 9-12
Context Clues 4,5,6,or
Cocojot - jotto game 3-up
Reading Aids - 4 parts 2-4
King Author - writing tool 2-6
Cocowheel of Fortune 4-up
■ ft V s " 1 * \.
Context Clues
2-3
32K-Ext.
32K-Ext.
32K-Ext.
32K-Ext.
32K«Ext.
32K-Extl
1 6K-Ext.
16K
1 6K-Ext,
16/32 Ext
32K-Ext.
32K-Ext<
..iPr : -'
FOREIGN LANGUAGES
French Baseball-200wds. 4-up
French Baseball-500wds. 4-up
Spanish Baseball-200wds 4-up
Spanish Baseball-500wds 4-up
Italian Baseball-200wds; 4-up
Hebrew Alphabet beginners
Hebrew Utility drawing utility
CRITICAL THINKING PROBLEMS
Memory Castle-Sunburst 4-up
Factory by Sunburst 4-up
Pond by Sunburst 2-up
Teasers by Tobbs-Sunb. 4-up
Inner City - simulation 7-up
Find The Math Sequence 4-up
Stranded-graphic advent. 4-up
TEACHER/STUDENT AIDS
Colorgrade - gradebook Adult
Quizmaker - write quizzes 5-up
ETT typing tUtOr (CocoWarehouse) 4-up
The PuZZter (ColorConnection) 4-up
16K-Ext.
32K-Ext
T6K-Ext.
32K-Ext.
16K-Ext.
1 6K-Ext.
32K-disk
32K-disk
32K-disl<
32K-disk
32K-disk
32K-Ext.
32K-disk
32K-disk
32K-Ext.
1 6K-Ext.
32K-disK
1 1 .95
1 1 ,95
1 1 .95
11.95
21 .95
24.95
16.95
29.95
19.95
19.95
19.95
19.95
19.95
19.95
17.95
1 1 .95
19,95
29,95
19,95
19.95
11.95
19.95
11 .95
19.95
11.95
11.95
15.95
44.95
44.95
44.95
44.95
49.95
19.95
24.95
29.95
24.95
21.95
29.95
MATH
Opening a Bank AccountS4*7*
2- 4
3- 5
2- 5
3- 7
7-up
1-8
2*5
5-3
3-7
3*7
Dollars & Sense
McCoco's Menu
Moneypak
Graph Tutor
Graph-It
Math Invaders
Mathquiz - 4 operations
Addition & Subtraction
Skill Tutor Series
Division Tutor
Multiplication Tutor
Factors Tutor
Fractions Tutors <3 programs)
addition, subtraction or multiplication 4-8
Trigonometry 8-10
Equations Linear 7-9
Equations Quadratic 8-1 1
Arith. Diagnostic Disk 3-8
Fraction Diagnostic Disk ; J£9u>
Verbal Problems Series
Distance Problems J£t^&§0:;&
Area & Perimeter 5-8
Pizza Game yM
Sales & Bargains 6-8
Comparison Shopping 4^7' -
Binary Dice Game ■ 4-up
SOCIAL STUDIES
Know Your States
History Game
States & Capitals
Explorers & Settlers
Famous American Women 6-up
Street Map Game 3-5
MISCELLANEOUS
Name That Song 1 ,2,or 3 2-up
5-up
5-up
&up
Music Drill
Science Game v
Computer Literacy
3-up
6-up
5 Educational Programs 1-2 or
with Lightpen
Chemistry Tutor
3-6
-up
32K-disk
16K-Ext.
16K-Ext.
32K-Ext.
32K-Ext.
16K-Ext.
16K-Ext.
32K-Ext.
24.95
14.95
14.95
24.95
19.95
14.95
17.95
19.95
• • • j- a ■
16K-Ext.
32K-Ext.
32K-Ext.
32K.Ext.
32K-disk
32K-disk
32K-Ext.
32K-Ext.
32K-Ext.
32K-Ext.
32K-Ext.
32K-Ext.
32K-Ext.
32K-Ext.
32K-Ext.
32K-Ext.
32K-Ext.
32K-Ext.
16K-Ext.
16K-Ext.
32K-disk
32K-Ext.
Disk indicates available on disk only.
prices given.
Add $5.00 for any program on disk.
16K-Ext. 14.
16K-Ext. 14.95
16K-Ext. 19.95
I9.95ea.
24.95
19.95
19.95
49.95
49.95
.v-> vfii : ... ■ - .•>■,'
: >• • ■*:■■],
19.95
19.95
19.95
19.95
19.95
19.95
19.95
14.95
19.95
19.95
.95
11 .95
19.96
29.95
19.95
32K-disk 44.95
32K-disk 29.95
SCIENCE GAME ,
32K EB * disk only/$29.95
Over 600 questions in 9 categories.
Makes learning science facts fun.
Game format, 1 or 2 players, teams.
Grade 8 and up.
VERBAL MATH PROBLEMS
STREET MAP GAME
:>v32K^ $19.95 tape/$24.95 disk
Hi-res. screen and graphics portray
a typical section of a street map. This
one shows people's homes, the
school, the park, etc. Questions on
how to get from one place to another
are asked and the footsteps are
shown.
CHEMISTRY TUTOR
32K - disk only - $29.95
A ht-res. 4 part program that drills
high school students in Elements,
Symbols, Naming Compounds,
Common Ions, and Balancing Equa-
tions. Correct answer given after 2 in-
correct responses. A valuable tool for
studying chemistry.
5 LIGHTPEN PROGRAMS
32K EB - $44.95
Five menu driven educational pro-
grams designed for children in grade
1 and 2, and special educational
students. Basic addition, basic
multiplication, shape series mat-
ching, number series matching and
word rhyming are included. AH on a
HI-RES screen, with graphics. User
need only to use the light pen to
operate the programs. (LIGHT PEN
INCLUDED)
PIZZA GAME
32K EB - tape/$19.95
Learn to locate coordinates on a
grid. HI-RES text and graphics.
lp AREA & PERIMETER
■-0- 32K EB - tape/$19.95
Triangles, rectangles, and circles
are covered in this HI-RES text and
graphics program.
SALES & BARGAINS
32K EB - tape/$1 9.95
Learn to find the discounted price.
HI-RES text and beautiful graphics.
DISTANCE PROBLEMS
32K EB - tape/$ 19.95
Moving graphics and text combines
on a HI-RES screen. Rate x Time *
Distance in all its forms.
STREET MAP GAME 32RE.B.
$19.95 Tape $24.95 Disk
Hi - res screen and graphics por-
tray a typical section of a street
map. This one shows people's
homes, the school, the park, the
post office, etc. Questions are ask-
ed on how to get from one place to
another and the footsteps are
shown after response, A fun way
to improve map skills.
OPENING A BANK ACCOUNT
32K - Disk Only - ^.95
A set of programs designed id in-
troduce and provide practice ih the
skills of filing out bank applications,
deposit and withdrawal ^lips* and
computing bank account balances.
Loaded with graphic preSeniSiSnk:
Grades 3-6,
tit 4t tit
DOLLARS & SENSE
16K-Ext. - $14.95 tape/$1 9.95 disk
Learn to make purchases; graphic
displays of items kids love. Player
buys items using dollars and coins
to practice using money correctly.
Solutions given.
MeCOCO'S MENU
16K-Ext. - $19.95 tape/$24.95 disk
America's favorite pastime-going out
to eat. Learn to buy and add up your
purchases from a typical fast food
restaurant menu. Gain skill in using
money. Different prices each time.
COCO WHEEL OF FORTUNE
32K - $19.95 tape/$24.95 disk
Hi-res. graphics and screen in this
version of the popular TV show. 1-6
players. Spin the wheel for points
and guess a letter to solve one of the
200 puzzles. Have fun while
strengthening LA skills.
COLORGRADE
32K - disk only - $29.95
An easy to use classroom grading
program. Keeps grades for up to 6
classes of up to 40 students per
class. Many options including
weighted averages and hard copy to
printer.
RAINBOW
CERTIFICATION
SEAL
ComputeWrlsland
(718) 948-2748
Dept. R 227 Hampton Green, Staten Island, N.Y. 10312
Send for catalog with complete descriptions.
Please add $1.00 per order for postage. N.Y. residents, please add proper tax. FREE set of BINARY DICE, including full directions, with
orders of 2 or more items.
Dealer Inquiries Invited.
TRS-80 Color Computer
All Payments in U.S. Funds.
■
This delightful game teaches facial features while
entertaining your youngsters
XUU.J- J. dl^vC
By Mike Rigsby
M
any people are purchasing
computers to help their child
prepare for the new techno-
logical age. Face is a game de-
signed to catch the attention
of very young children be-
cause it requires nothing but
pounding on the keyboard.
Loosely based on the old po-
tato toy that had changeable
face parts,
the voice
output and
graphics
enable a
user to
create
hundreds of
faces by
swapping
parts elec-
tronically.
Operation
of Face re-
quires 32K Extended Color
basic and will not run with
the disk controller plugged in.
The game will operate on a
16K machine if voice output
is deleted.
The game begins with pro-
duction of a pleasant face ac-
companied by five key words:
eyes, ears, nose, mouth and
hair. A cursor slowly rotates
past these words. Press any
key (except shift, which does
nothing, or break, which
stops the program) and the
screen changes to a display of
appropriate parts and pro-
nounces the name of the part.
The new display shows a
choice of features complete
with rotating cursor awaiting
another keyboard entry to
signify a choice. When a key
is pressed, a beep is heard and
the face is redrawn with the
newly selected part in place.
Tiny youngsters are ex-
posed to the keyboard in a
friendly manner; they learn to
read the five key words, they
develop a longing "to 'play'
on the 'puter" and they enjoy
themselves. It's also fun to
watch adults creating faces. A
hazard in this game is the
break key because it halts the
action and requires a restart.
Extensive basic graphics
are used in the game, but al-
phanumeric characters are
Mike Rigsby, author and inventor, builds animated display windows
and repairs antique toys. He also invented a program so that Teddy
Ruxpin's 1 * animation will fit any voice on tape.
88 THE FAI NBOW Septsm ber *986
And even then you couldn't
access as many CoCo
goodies as you get in
Public Domain Software
Copying Company's special pre-
selected package deals. Check
it out:
1 TOOLS— 4 disks, 62 files.
Includes: Basic 64, BSearch
DiskTest, DOS64, DSBoot,
Print-DIR, Recover, Romback,
Romfix, Scrn51, Backup, Unlock,
MultBack, Spell & Fix Free Ware,
Manual, Diet, Build, List, Append,
Addword. Teleterm, Ker-
mit, Superforth, dhi
16KForth. Editor,
32K Forth. Manual.
r\er-
25
2 GAMES— 4 disks, 59 files.
GAMES IN BASIC include:
Gunner, Life, Poker, Bio
rythm, Hangman, Go, Fractal,
World 3D, Lovetrek, Nude, Star-
trek, Reverse, Scramble, Pizza.
FAST MACHINE LANGUAGE:
Pong, Squash. Blockade, Germ,
Grid, 3D-Tictac, Zerog. SIMULA-
TIONS & ADVENTURE: Cave,
Wargamu. NORAD.4^^% HP
arcoyle. KingTUT,N*^#
Civilwar, Icewar.
3MUSICA MANUAL &
UTILITIES— 4 disks, 80
files. Includes: Addplay,
Boogie, Circus, Clowns, Hyden,
JBGood, Sonata3. Straw, #3 Foggy,
Funeral, Hardday, Joplin, Peanuts,
Rock, Stranger, Camelot, Dia-
mond. Fantasyll. Greengras, Star-
Wars, Superman, RootBeer, Ghos-
Bust, Mash. 201, Stelmo, Balstar.
Messiah, Raiders, WK0
Watermus, Toc-N*^#J^
cata, Fuge, etc.
4GRAPHIC0N PICTURES—
these pictures demonstrate
the ability of the Color
Computer to produce exciting art.
Graphicon need- ^<
ed. Modifyable.
4 disks.
liAcuuiy ail.
25
5 PICTURE DISKS— 2 disks,
35 files. Turn your CoCo into
a Mac includes: McPaint,
Icons, Epson/DRV, Animate, Bal-
loon, Hebrew, Typing, RSDMP/
DRV. Animation Disk includes Ro-
tate, Shuttle,
Triangle, Glass, Star,
Baseball, Donduck.
an mi
$
15
6 FOR THE 0S9 OPERATING
SYSTEM— 2 disks, 20 +
files. Includes programs
from BASIC09, ASM and C:
Finance, Clk, MathDemo.c,
Bounce.c, rafDemo.c, Primes.c,
WCc, Six text ad-
ventures for 0S9
operating system.
$
7
ALL THE
ABOVE—
l 130 value:
$
15
80
G
>
ORDERS: Include full name, com-
plete address, phone with area
code (important!). Specify for
CoCo. Include $3 P/H per ord.
Phone: credit cards only. Over-
seas: add 80C per disk U.S. post-
age. N. Y include 8,25% tax, pre-
paid only. Canada: postal money
orders, U.S. $ only. We also have
P.D. Software for Ms.Dos, CP/M.
Catalogs: $4. We sell 2 Drive
Ms.Dos portable 512k, $895. We
are a copying service providing
programs from Users Groups; cor-
rections solicited. Please include
$2.40 handling with any returned
(postal mangled etc.) disk. Con-
tent not warranteed.
The Public Domain Software
Copying Company
(est. 1983)
33 Gold Street, New York City 10038
212/732-2565
not supported in the graphics mode.
Lines 10 through 260 (A$ through Z$)
represent the letters 'A' through 'Z\
Although they are not all used in this
program, I left them for anyone desiring
a ready-made alphabet. Lines 720
through 1210 cause the cursor to rotate
past the words on the face screen.
Pressing a key moves execution to
Line 2000 where selection of the proper
alternate screen is made, those choices
being Line 2050 for eyes, 2200 for ears,
2400 for nose, 2600 for mouth and 2800
for hair. Within these routines a choice
is made by key depression and control
is transferred to Line 1. Actual drawing
of the face and words takes place be-
tween 320 and 710.
To operate Face without voice output
(required for 16K operation), delete
lines 2054, 2204, 2404, 2604 and 2804.
Operation of Face with voice requires
that both a machine language program
and Face be loaded.
To develop the voice code (machine
language program) I used Radio
Shack's EDTASM+. In EDTASM+
editor mode, type in the Sound listing.
Sound is a modified version of a routine
written by Richard Seymour. For Mr,
Seymour's excellent discussion on
sound storage and retrieval see "Teach
Your Computer To Talk," 80 Micro
Special Anniversary Issue, 1983. As-
semble this text in memory with the A/
IM/AO command. Escape to basic
with the Q command. Enter or load in
the BASND program (written in
BASIC). Voice input comes through the
black plug in the cassette cable. With
only the black plug attached to the
recorder, and the record and play but-
tons pressed, the cassette machine acts
an an amplifier. I recommend using a
separate amplifier and microphone to
get better quality sound.
Run BASND. You are asked EYES?
Press enter and say "eyes" into the
microphone. Do the same with all five
words. Next the opportunity is pre-
sented to hear the five words, one at a
time (be certain that volume is not off
on the television/monitor). You are
asked LISTEN RGRIN? Pressing 'N 1
allows the words to be rerecorded; any
other response permits the words to be
heard once more.
When word clarity is acceptable,
press BREAK and type EXEC 49152.
Now the editor message appears. Enter
Z. Prepare the tape recorder to record
the machine language data. Enter P
FfiCE 42GB G37B 426B. This is the
machine code which is called upon by
the BASIC program to produce verbal
output.
To use the program, load or type in
Listing 1. Then CL0RDM the voice ma-
chine code you have just created. Type
RUN and marvel as the computer talks
with your own voice.
My young daughter can read the
words (even written on a sheet of paper
by hand) and she loves to type. Expos-
ing girls to computers early in life might
close the gap of interest in computers
which threatens to shut women out of
many good jobs in the future. Re-
member that your child enjoys having
you participate; the computer without
a friend is just another set of toy blocks.
(Questions about this program may
be directed to Mr. Rigsby at 2210
Kamino Del Mar, Sanibel, FL 33957.
Please enclose an SASE when writ-
ing.) □
Half-pint hacker Ember Rigsby plays another round of Face.
90 THE RAINBOW September 1 986
340 .
440 .
530 .
800 .
1110
.73
.18
217
. . .9
.53
.85
2130 253
2270 147
2500 23
2725 1
2810 133
2930 64
END 89
Listing 1: FACE
0 GOTO 5000
1 PM0DE1,1
3 SCREEN1, 1
4 COLOR8,5
5 PCLS
lj3 A$="U2 ;E2;U6;R4;D6;L2 ;R2 ;F2 ;D
2; BM+6,0"
20 B$="U10 ; R6 ; D6 ; L4 ; R4 ; D4 ; L4 ; R4 ;
BM+6,0"
30 C$="R4 ;L4;U10 ;R4 ;BM+6 ,10"
40 D$="R2;E4;U2;H4;L2 ;D10;BM+12,
0"
50 E$="R6;L6;U4;R4;L4 ;U6;R6;BM+6
,10"
60 F$="U4 ;R4 ;L4 ;U6 ;R6 ;BM+6, 10"
70 G$="R6 ;U4 ; L2 ;R2 ; D4 ;L6 ;U10 ;R6 ;
BM+6,10"
80 H$="U10;D6;R4;U6;D10; BM+6,0"
90 I$="U10;BM+6, 10"
100 J$="U2 ;D2 ;R4 ;U10 ;L4 ;R8 ;BM+6,
10"
110 K$="U10 ; D4 ; R2 ; E4 ; G4 ; F4 ; D2 ; BM
+6,0"
120 L$="U10;D10;R4; BM+6,0"
130 M$="U10 ;F4 ;D2 ;U2 ;E4 ; D10 ;BM+6
,0"
140 N$="U10;F4;D2;R2 ;U6;D10;BM+6
,0"
150 O$="U10;R4;D10;L2;R2; BM+ 6,0"
160 P$="U10 ; R6 ; D6 ; L6 ; D4 ; BM+12 , 0 "
170 Q$="U10;R6;D6;L2 ;R2 ;D4;L4 ;R6
; BM+6,0"
180 R$="U10 ;R4 ; D2 ; G2 ; F4 ; D2 ; BM+6 ,
0"
190 S$="R6 ;U4 ; L6 ;U6 ;R6 ; BM+6 ,10"
200 T$="BM+4 , 0 ;U10 ; L4 ;R8 ; BM+6 , 10
; F8 ; R2 ; F2 ; R6 ; D2 ; R2 ; D2 ; R6 ; LI 4 ; D2 4
; R8 ; E2 ; R6 ; E2 ; R2 ; E2 ; Ul 6 ; L6 ; "
3 30 A2$="R20 ;D16 ;L12 ;R2 4 ;F2 ;R10;
U2 2 ; L12 ; G2 ; L6 ; G2 ; BM+16 , -6 ; E4 ; R2 ;
E2 ; R2 ; U2 ; E2 ; U2 ; E4 ; U4 ; R2 ; L10 ; E10 ;
D8 ; L6 ; R2 ; U2 ; R2 ; U2 ; R2 ; U2 6 ; H2 ; U2 ;H
2 ;U2 ;H2 ;U2 ;H2 ;U2 ;H2 ;U2 ;H2 ;U2 ; "
340 DRAWA1$ : DRAWA2 $
350 PAINT(84,126) ,6,8
352 PAINT (106, 12 6) ,7,8
354 PAINT(64,126) ,7,8
360 B1$="L2 ;G2 ;H6;U2 ;H2 ;U2 ;E4 ;R2
; E2 ; R2 ; F2 ; BM+9 6 , -2 ; R6 ; F4 ; D4 ; G2 ; D
2 ; G4 ; L4 ; "
3 70 B2 $=" L4 ; G6 ; U4 ; E2 ; U4 ; E2 ; U2 ; H2
;U8 ;H2 ;U10 ;R2 ; F2 ; D2 ; F2 ; D2 ; F4 ; BM+
96,0;R2 ;E2 ;U2 ;E2 ;U2 ;E2 ;U2 ;E2 ;G2 ;
D10 ; G2 ; D16 ; F2 ; D6 ; F2 ; D2 ; L4 ; H2 ;U2 ;
H4 ; "
380 B3$="G14 ;L4 ;G2 ; L6 ;U8 ;E2 ;U2 ;E
2 ;U2 ;R2 ;U2 ;E12 ;R2 ;E4;R2 ;BM+0 , 8;L
2 ; G10 ; D2 ; R6 ; E6 ; BM+9 6 , -14 ; R2 ; F2 ; R
4 ; F12 ; D2 ; F4 ; D4 ; F2 ; D2 ; G2 ; L6 ; H4 ; L2
; H2 ; L4 ; H4 ; L2 ; H2 ; BM+0 , -8 ; F4 ; R2 ; F4
; R4 ; U6 ; H2 ; L2 ; H2 ; L2 ; H2 ; L2 ; "
390 DRAWBM32 , 78 ;XB5$ ; "
400 C1$="E6;R2;E2;R2;E2;R4;E2; ;E
2 ; R2 2 ; F2 ; R4 ; F12 ; R2 ; F2 ; "
410 C2$="E28 ;R8 ;F2 ;L14 ;D2 ;R16;D2
; L20 ; D2 ; R2 4 ; D2 ; L2 8 ; D2 ; R3 2 ; D2 ; L3 6
;D2;R40;F14;"
420 C3$="E10 ;R4 ;U2 ;D2 ;R4 ;U2 ;D2 ;R
2 ; D2 ; U2 ; R2 ; U4 ; D4 ; R2 ; D2 ; U2 ; R2 ; U2 ;
D2 ; R6 ; U4 ; D6 ; R4 ; U4 ; D2 ; R4 ; U6 ; D6 ; R2
; D4 ; U4 ; R4 ; U2 ; D2 ; R4 ; U2 ; R4 ; F10 ; D2 ;
September 1986 THE RAINBOW 91
47)3
DRAW"BM56 , 66 ;XD5$ ; "
1000
C0L0R5 . 5 : DRAWBM150 , 72 7 XCU$
480
El?= i "U4 ;E2 ;R4 ;F2 ; D2 /G4 ;L2 "
7 " : C0L0R8
485
REM"WRITTEN BY MIKE RIGSBY,
1010
DRAW"BM150,102 ;XCU$; n
DECEMBER 1982"
1020
Q=0
500
E2 S="BM-2 , 0 ; E4 ; R2 ; F12 ; L2 6 ; E8
1030
Q1$=INKEY$
; BM+2 , 4 7 U0 ; BM+6 , 0 ; U0 ; "
1040
IF Q1$=""THEN1060
510
E3 $="U4 ; E2 ;R2 ; F2 ; D4 ; F2 ; R2 ; F2
1050
R6=R4:GOTO 2000
; G2 ; L14 ; H2 ; E2 ; R2 ; »
1060
Q=Q+1:IFQ=50 THEN 1100
520
DRAW" BM7 8 , 8 2 7 XE5 $ 7 "
1070
GOTO 1030
530
F1$="G4 ;E4 ;R26 ; F4 ; "
1100
C0L0R5 , 5 : DRAW" BM1 50,1027 XCU
540
F2 $="H4 ; F4 ; R2 6 ; E4 ; "
$ 7 " : C0L0R8
550
F3 $=" BM+4 , 0 ; E2 ; R2 ; E2 7 R8 ; F2 ; R
1110
DRAW"BM150 ,132 7XCU$ 7 "
2 ; F2 ; G2 ; L2 ; G2 ; L8 / H2 ; L2 ; "
1120
Q=0
560
F4$="E4 7R4 7D2 ;U2 ;R12 7F4 ;G2 7L
1130
Q1$=INKEY$
6;U2;L2;D2;L12;"
1140
IF Q1$=""THEN 1160
57)3
, — » m m- ■ m h m «m m. • mm*. mW ft ■
DRAW" BM68 , 98 ;XF5$ ; "
1150
R6=R5:GOTO 2000
MM
58)3
Ey$="XE$ ;XY$ ;XE$ ;XS$ ; "
1160
Q=Q+1:IFQ=50 THEN 1200
MM — . /M»
59)3
EA$="XE$ ;XA$ ;XR$ ;XS$ ; "
1170
GOTO 1130
6)3)3
NO$="XN$ ;X0$ ;XS$ ;XE$ ; "
1200
C0L0R5 , 5 : DRAW"BM150 , 132 7 XCU
61)3
MO$="XM$ ; X0$ ; XU$ ; XT$ ; XH$ ; 11
$ 7 " : C0L0R8
62)3
K _ «JW ■ ■ M> M-MV M> « B Ml M MB MM ^M M MMMh ■ A
HA$= M XH$ ; XA$ ; XI $ ; XR$ ; 11
1210
GOTO 72j3
625
W1$=EY$
*\ w w w
2j3j3j3
GOTO 2)3)31
630
W2$=EA$
^-K. —J K
2j3j31
IF R6=2j35j3 THEN 2)35)3
640
W3$=N0$
2002
MMl MMB M^ ^* jMk ^ Mf MMM M> Ml Ml M M> jM> A /V
IF R6=22)3j3 THEN 2 2)3)3
650
W4$=M0$
2004
H ^bk. M^ B Mt Mf MMM M> M> «HM M B M J| ^M#
IF R6=2400 THEN 2400
660
W5$=HA$
2006
IF R6=2600 THEN 2600
665
CU$="Ulj3 ;R2 ;Dlj3 ;R2 ;Ulj3 ; M
2008
IFR6=2800THEN 2800
670
DRAW n BM158 , 12 ; XW1$ ; 11
2010
STOP
680
DRAW" BM1 58,427 XW2 $ 7 "
2020
GOTO 2020
690
DRAW" BM15 8 ,727 XW3 $ 7 "
DRAW" BM158 , 102 7 XW4 $ 7 "
2050
B=&H42 : C=&HCC: D=&H4A: E=&H38
700
2052
GOSUB 7000
710
DRAW" BM15 8 ,132? XW5 $ 7 "
2054
A=USR1(0)
720
DRAW "BM150,12 7XCU$7"
2058
PCLS5
730
Q=0
2060
DRAW" BM2 0 , 50 7 XD1 $ 7 "
740
Q1$=INKEY$
2070
DRAW"BM140, 50 ?XD2$ ; »
750
IF Q1$=""THEN770
2080
DRAW " BM4 0 , 1 4 0 7 XD3 $ 7 "
760
R6=R1:G0T0 2000
2090
DRAW" BM2 5,707 XCU$ 7 "
770
Q=Q+1
2100
GOSUB 6000
780
IF Q=50 THEN 800
2110
IF SD=0 THEN 2130
790
GOTO 740
2120
D5$="XD1$7"
800
C0L0R5 , 5 : DRAW"BM150 , 12 ?XCU$ 7
2125
GOTO 1
it
. 2130
C0L0R5 : DRAW"BM25 , 70 7XCU$ 7 11
810
C0L0R8 : DRAW"BM150, 42 ?XCU$ 7 "
2135
COL0R8 : DRAW"BM145 , 70 ?XCU$ 7 "
820
Q=0
2140
GOSUB 6000
830
Q1$=INKEY$
2145
IF SD=0 THEN 2160
840
IFQ1$=""THEN8 60
2150
D5$="XD2$7"
850
R6=R2:GOTO 2000
2155
GOTO 1
860
Q=Q+1:IFQ=50 THEN 900
2160
11
COLOR 5:DRAW"BM145,70 7XCU$7
870
GOTO 830
900
C0L0R5 , 5 : DRAWBM150 , 42 7XCU$ 7
2165
C0L0R8 : DRAW"BM45 , 160 ; XCU$ 7 "
" : C0L0R8
2175
GOSUB 6000
910
DRAW"BM150 ,72 7 XCU$ 7 "
2180
IF SD=0 THEN 2190
920
Q=0
2185
D5$="XD3$7"
930
Q1$=INKEY$
2187
GOTO 1
940
IF Q1$=""THEN960
2190
C0L0R5 : DRAW"BM45 , 160 ; XCU$ 7 "
950
R6=R3:GOTO2000
2195
COLOR8 7GOTO2090
96/Zf
Q=Q+1:IFQ=50 THEN 1000
2200
B=&H4A : C=&H39 : D=&H52 : E=&H08
970
GOTO 930
2202
GOSUB 7000
92 THE RAINBOW September 1 986
2 2)34 A=USRl(j3)
22) 38 PCLS5
221) 3 DRAW" BM2)3, 5)3 ;XB1$;"
222) 3 DRAW" BM14)3, 1)3)3 ;XB2$; M
223) 3 DRAW"BM40 / 14j3;XB3$; M
224) 3 DRAW"BM25,7)3;XCU$; M
2245 GOSUB6)3)3)3
225) 3 IF SD=)3 THEN226)3
2255 B5$="XB1$;'*
2257 GOTO 1
226) 3 COLOR5:DRAW lf BM25,7)3;XCU$;' 1
22 65 COLOR8 : DRAW"BM145, 12)3 ;XCU$ ;
it
227) 3 GOSUB6)3)3)3
2275 IF SD=)3 THEN 229)3
228) 3 B5$= f, XB2$; M
2285 GOTO 1
229) 3 COLOR5:DRAW"BM145, 12)3;XCU$;
ii
2295 COLOR8 : DRAW 11 BM4 5 , 1 6)3 ; XCU$ ; 11
23) 3)3 GOSUB 6)3)3)3
231) 3 IF SD=)3 THEN 233)3
232) 3 B5$="XB3$;"
2325 GOTO 1
2 3 3) 3 COLOR5 : DRAW" BM4 5 , 1 6)3 ; XCU$ ; 11
234) 3 COLOR8:GOT0224)3
24) 3)3 B=&H52:C=&H)39:D=&H59:E=&H)38
24)32 GOSUB 7)3)3)3
245) 3 IF SD=)3 THEN 247)3
246) 3 E5$="XE1$; M
2462 GOTO 1
2 4 7)3 COLOR5 : DRAW " BM2 5 , 7)3 ; XCU $ ; "
2475 COLOR8 : DRAW M BM145 , 75 ;XCU$ ; "
248) 3 GOSUB 6)3)3)3
2485 IF SD=)3THEN 25)3)3
249) 3 E5$="XE2$;"
2493 GOTO 1
2 5)3)3 COLOR5 : DRAW "BM145 , 75 ; XCU $ ; 11
251) 3 COLOR8 : DRAW n BM45 , 16)3 ;XCU$ ; 11
252) 3 GOSUB 6)3)3)3
253) 3 IF SD=)3 THEN 255)3
254) 3 E5$= M XE3$7"
2545 GOTO 1
255) 3 COLORS : DRAW M BM45 , 16)3 ;XCU$ ; 11
256) 3 COLOR8:GOT0244)3
2 6)3)3 B=&H59:C=&H)39:D=&H61:E=&HA8
26)32 GOSUB 7)3)3)3
2 6)34 A=USR1()3)
26)38 PCLS5
261) 3 DRAW" BM2)3, 5)3 ;XF1$;"
262) 3 DRAW I, BM140 / 50;XF2$;"
2 63)3 DRAW" BM4)3 , 14)3; XF3$; 11
264)3 DRAW"BM14)3, 14)3;XF4$;"
2 65)3 DRAW"BM2 5,7)3;XCU$7 n
2655 GOSUB6)3)3)3
266)3 IF SD=)3THEN 268)3
24)34 A=USR1()3)
24)38 PCLS5
241) 3 DRAW ,, BM2)3 / 5)3;XE1$; 11
242) 3 DRAW I, BM14)3,5)3;XE2$; 11
243) 3 DRAWBl^^^XES^;"
244) 3 DRAW"BM25,7)3;XCU$;"
2445 GOSUB 6)3)30
S.T.A.G.
A GRADEBOOK
A full year gradebook. Track
students not just for a
semester, but for a full school
year. Includes all the features
you normally expect of a
gradebook; weighted averag-
ing of tests, homework scores,
semester tests; correct,
change or delete any student
record; statistical analysis of
scores; plus many more
features not found in any other
gradebook program. Included
is a complete report writer for
your printer. Frankly, we
believe S.T.A.G. to be the best
full year gradedbook program
on the market today. Write for
details.
64k-Disk $46.00
SECA
TEACHER TESTED
SOFTWARE
P.O. BOX 3134
GULFPORT, MS 39505
(601) 832-8236
Ms. res. add 6% sales tax. In-
clude $3 shipping/handling.
Make checks payable to SECA.
Dealers and authors inquiries
welcome. No refunds or
exchanges.
THE WORD FACTORY'S
WORD MEANINGS
Captivating Graphic Game
New Word List Maker
Test Sheet Printer
1144 Words & Meanings
An aid for learning new words
and their meanings. Create ad-
ditional lists for game use or
classroom printed tests. New
lists created can be for any age
group.
Grade 2-Adult. 64k-Disk
$34.50
PUZZLE MATH
Hi-Res graphic game for rein-
forcing addition, subtraction,
multiplication, and division.
Four levels of difficulty. Comes
with 18 graphic pictures to
start with. Add more if you
wish. Each picture can be us-
ed as an 8 to 48 piece puzzle.
A favorite with kids.
Grade 2-5. 64k-Disk $29.50
THE WORD FACTORY'S
SYNONYMS AND ANTONYMS
Hi-Res Graphic Game
New Word List Maker
Test Sheet Printer
5760 Combination Printer
An aid for learning synonyms
& antonyms. Create additional
word lists for game use or
classroom printed tests.
Grade 2-Adult. 64k-Disk
$34.50
September 1986 THE RAINBOW 93
/ Max Fonts Max Edit
/Veil/ /br CoCo Max
/Vow yotf ca/7 /?ai/e to 72 fonts for creating
dazzling type-set titles and special displays!
3 SETS OF 24 FONTS
WHICH ARE OUT OF THIS WORLD!
$2^5
each
Written by Wally Bayer and Mike Shawaiuk
3m
95
© 1985 Snard Enterprises
A FONT EDITOR FOR COCO MAX
• Edit current fonts
• Create new fonts
• Design symbol fonts
• Comes with pre-defined fonts
• C0C0 Max I & II compatible
$
95
(Disk Only)
Written by: Michael W. Shawaiuk
C0C0 Max 9 is a registered trademark of Colorware.
SET ONE
SET TWO
SET THREE
Digital Small
Digital Largs,
Futura
Ifiij rid Smnli
GRID LRRGE
mm®
mi
®
DQlEsKsiBiODDlliH 1
Victory
Baby T«»th Sm«II
Plni Print
NorrnandG Small
Mormande Medium
NORMANDE LG.
Piano
1
cHrcifclow
Koloti
m
BE
SmaU
Pebqnot Larqe
FPCCPnfll SfTtRLL
psccnKm itieqiliete
B'utisra BKI:i«:k Small
^]IMIIBIIMIIMIIM1IM11B1
t_ 1 ^ 1 LJ 1 1 it.
Mocnoa Cmbj^
MocnoH JIapre
Q B fl ^
PRIHTDUT LFiROE
2» lUr
Bocklin
Crcadway
IB 112 <D A ID W A V EN46IR..
Dot Mr*tr i * : - ; *
Old Bn^lisii
X£KX<5 M€>IUM
MNMR Mi
STISNCII.
<*p% ******
T
Tip Top
iStk .uu M bh, A i 4 iiJi^ tfii^/^S ^-liiJW djii
PRO-COLOR-FILE
© Gy Derringer Software, Inc.
ENHANCED 2.0
60 Data Fields for each record
1020 spaces available per record if needed
Maximizes multiple drive operation
28 equation lines (H — */)
IF-THEN-ELSE logic test in equations
Full Screen editing on up to 4 data entry screens
Key click and auto key repeat
Stores custom designed report formats
Obtain totals, averages, or summaries tor any field
Output reports to printer, screen, or disk file
Send data out to a OYNACALC compatible file
Separate label generator for up to 10 across labels
Pre-define up to 16 indexes for searching/reporting file
Sorts 750 records in under 5 minutes
User defined selection menus
Repeated tasks performed with one keystroke
Comes with 75 pages of documentation in a 3 ring binder
Supported by a national users group
Full time programmer support
Supplied on an unprotected disk
PRO-COLOR-FORMS 2.0
© 1984 by Derringer Software, Inc.
PRO-COLOR-FORMS will access data files created with
PRO-COLOR-FILE and merge them with a letter or place them
on pre-printed forms.
• STORE UP TO 6 FORMATS • USER DEFINED PAGE SIZE
• SUPPORTS SPECIAL PRINTER CONTROL CODES • RIGHT
JUSTIFICATION • PASSWORD PROTECTION • MERGES
WITH GRAPHICS FROM MASTER DESIGN OR
TELEGRAPHICS •
PRO-COLOR-DIR
© 1984 by Derringer Software, Inc.
PRO-COLOR-DIR will read your directories and create a
master data file that can be accessed by PRO-COLOR-FILE
for sorting and reporting. 1000 + records can be stored on
one diskette with valuable information about each program.
You can obtain hard copies of the information and create
labels of the filenames for placing on the diskette itself.
• DISK ID NAME • FILENAME/EXT • TYPE OF FILE
■ DATE CREATED • DATE UPDATED • NUMBER OF
GRANS ALLOCATED • NUMBER OF SECTORS
ALLOCATED AND USED • MACHINE LANGUAGE
ADDRESSES • -
FOR BOTH f
DYNACALC
SPREAD SHEET FLEXIBILITY
(Includes Dynagraph, Sidewise) i
Telewriter-64.
WORD PROCESSOR POWER.
$RQ95
coco Max 11
GRAPHICS SUPERIOR ^ I
■79- jgtfr*
@ SUMMARY
© 1985 Derringer Software, Inc.
If you use your spreadsheet program to keep track of your
expenses then ©SUMMARY can help you analyze those
expenses. For example, if you indicate a "Category" for each
expense then @ SUMMARY will produce a report that shows
a total for each category, the highest amount, the lowest
amount and the average amount. In addition, ©SUMMARY
can produce a hi-res line graph or bar graph of the analysis
and allow you to place titles on the graph. A hardcopy of the
graph can also be generated as well as saved to disk.
The analysis can be saved in a "data file" which can be
loaded into DYNACALC or read in by @ SUMMARY for future
additions to the analysis. If you use other Spreadsheets such
as ELITE*CALC then you have added a graphing feature to
your spreadsheet applications. The analysis can also be saved
in an ASCII file which can be read by word processors for
inclusion in a report.
@ SUMMARY is compatible with any spreadsheet program
that can generate an ASCII text file of worksheets.
Specify RS-DOS
orOS9*
(disk only)
$1995
*0S9 version does not
have Hi-Res graphing
and requires Basic09.
DYNACALC is a registered trademark of Computer Systems Center
ELITE* CALC is a trademark of Elite Software
0S9 is a registered trademark of MICROWARE and MOTOROLA.
SIDEWISE
© 1984 by Derringer Software, Inc.
Add a new "twist" to your printer's capabilities!
SIDEWISE makes your printer do something you never
thought possible -print side ways!
SIDEWISE will read in any ASCII text file and print it out
side ways using a Radio Shack, Epson, Okidata, C-ltoh or
Gemini printers having dot-graphics ability.
SiDEWiSE 0S9 is compatible with DYNACALC OS9 and
requires Basic09
SIDEWISE 0S9
(Disk only)
SIDEWISE RS-DOS
s&&4 \<0>
* RS-DOS version included FREE with DYNACALC
0S9is a registered trademark of MICROWARE and MOTOROLA.
TELEGRAPHICS
© 1984 by Derringer Software, Inc.
PRINT HI-RES GRAPHICS USING TELEWRITER-64!
Use C0C0 Max, Graphicom or other graphics programs to
create letter heads and print them while using Telewriter-64.
Telegraphies interfaces with Radio Shack, Epson, Gemini,
C-ltoh and Okidata printers having dot-addressable graphics.
A simple modification to Telewriter-64 will allow you to exit
Telewriter via the DISK I/O MENU and print out the graphic
without affecting any of your text in the buffer.
This is the same feature that is included in our MASTER
DESIGN program. Since we felt you don't need to buy two
graphics editing programs, we have made this feature available
at a reduced price.
(Available Only On Disk)
NO OTHER DISCOUNTS APPLICABLE
MASTER DESIGN
© 1984 by Derringer Software, Inc.
Generates lettering in hi-res graphics that can be different
sizes, skinny, bold, textured, drop shadowed, raise shadowed
or tall. Also interfaces with the telewriter-64 word processor
for printing hi-res displays with your letters.
take full advantage of all the extended BASIC hi-resgraphic
commands including boxes, circles, lines, copy displays and
utilize GET and PUT features. Added commands include mirror
reflection, turn displays backwards or upside down. Squish
displays, create dot patterns for shading or diagonal lines.
the Letterhead Utility allows you to access hi-res graphics
from Telewriter-64, your own BASIC programs or
PRO-COLOR-FORMS.
Interfaces with dot matrix printersjiaving dot addressable
graphics.
See reviews in;
July '84 Rainbow. Oct. '84HotCoCo
Derringer Software, Inc.
PO Box 5300, Florence, SC 29502-5300
To place an order by phone, call: (803) 665-5676
10 AM and 5 PM EDT
Check, Money Order, VISA or MasterCard
South Carolina residents add sales tax.
Include $3.00 for UPS Shipping - $5.00 U.S. Mail - $9.00 Air Mail
Canadian Distributor-Kelly Software
Australian Distributor-Computer Hut Software
This SUMMER SIZZLER SALE may end without notice.
267)3 F5$="XF1$;"
2671 GOTO 1
2680 COLOR5:DRAW"BM25, 70;XCU$; "
2685 COLOR8 : DRAW"BM145 , 70 ; XCU$ ; "
2690 GOSUB 60)3)3
2695 IF SD=0THEN 2710
2700 F5$="XF2$;"
2705 GOTO 1
2710 COLOR5 : DRAWBM145 , 70 ;XCU$ ; "
2720 COLOR8 : DRAWBM45 , 160 ; XCU$ ; "
2725 GOSUB 6000
2730 IF SD=0 THEN 2750
2735 F5$="XF3$;"
2740 GOTO 1
2750 COLOR5 : DRAW"BM45 , 160 ;XCU$ ; 11
2755 COLOR8 : DRAW" BM1 4 5 , 1 60 ; XCU$ ;
ii
2760 GOSUB 6000
2765 IF SD=0 THEN 2780
2770 F5$="XF4$;"
2775 GOTO 1
2780 COLOR5:DRAW"BM145, 160;XCU$;
ii
2785 COLOR8: GOTO 2 650
2800 B=&H61:C=&HA9:D=&H69 :E=&H78
2802 GOSUB 7000
2804 A=USR1(0)
2808 PCLS5
64K CoCo Users!
IMAGINE A DOS THAT
Is Configured for YOUR System
Allows up to 54 K of Workspace
Handles 4Q & BO Track Drives
Si Double-sided Drives
Simplifies Machine Language
with SO System Calls
Automatically Dates Files
HELP IS HERE WITH
► ►►small CSK3 operating system
PHOGSAM DISK Including FORMAT BACKUP & COPY UT
ond ' PATCH of yov
PATCHES AVAIL ABLE FOR
• MICROWORKSi Editor/AttwnbUr Dua»«mbUr
ft DCBUG
• COMPUTERWAflE: Editor & MacroAuembUr
• DUGGER S GROWING SYSTEM! C 1 2 ft 2 5
• ELITE SOFTWARE! Etilt WORD
• DOUBLE DENSITY! Clrttrm (3 3 8. 4 1
• COGNITEC: T»l»wr.l«r 64 10 & I
• RADIO SHACM EDTASM* ft SCRIPSIT cartridge
ILlTlESi with detoiUd USERS MANUAL
add 1 PATCHES $9,95 each
'N J rovidanii odd 6* soles (a*
REVIEWED IN MAY 1986
RAINBOW
CERTtf tCAfiON
SEAl
RAINBOW
PROGRAMMERS REFERENCE GUIDE ft DISK UTILITIES ALSO AVAILABLE $22.95 eoch
SOtSTMNH ENTERPRISES, INC.
CALL OR WRITE. SOISTMANH ENTERPRISES. INC
P.O. BOX 257 P.O. 80X 330
BUOO LAKE. N.J 07B28 WEST BERLIN. N.J. 08091
|20!|347 0763 [609 ] 76B 4163
2810
2820
2830
2840
2845
2850
2855
2860
2870
2875
2880
2885
2890
2895
2900
2905
2910
2915
2920
2925
2930
ii
2940
5000
2600
5001
5005
5010
5012
5014
5016
5018
5020
6000
6010
6020
6030
6032
6035
6040
6050
6060
6080
6090
7000
7010
7020
7030
7040
DRAW" BM2 0 , 50 ; XC1 $ ; "
DRAW" BM140 , 50 ; XC2 $ 7 "
DRAW" BM4 0 , 1 4 0 ; XC 3 $ ; "
DRAW"BM25, 70 ;XCU$ ; "
GOSUB 6000
IF SD=0 THEN 2870
C5$="XC1$;"
GOTO 1
COLOR5 : DRAW" BM2 5,70; XCU$ ; "
COLOR8 J DRAW"BM145 , 70 ; XCU$ ; "
GOSUB 6000
IF SD=0THEN 2900
C5$="XC2$;"
GOTO 1
COLOR5 : DRAW"BM145 , 70 ;XCU$ ; "
COLOR8 : DRAW" BM4 5 , 160 ; XCU$ ; "
GOSUB 6000
IFSD=0 THEN 2 930
C5$="XC3$;"
GOTO 1
COLOR 5:DRAW"BM45, 160;XCU$;
COLOR8:GOTO 2840
R1=2050:R2=2200:R3=2400:R4=
:R5=2800
DEFUSR1=17032
PCLS
B5$="XB1$;"
C5$="XC1$;"
D5$="XD2$;"
E5$=»XE1$;"
F5$="XF2$;"
GOTO 1
Q=0
L9$=INKEY$
IF L9$=""THEN6040
SD=1
SOUND175, 3
RETURN
Q=Q+1
IF Q=50 THEN 6080
GOTO 6010
SD=0
RETURN
POKE&H429E,B
POKE&H429F,C
POKE&H42B2,D
POKE&H42B3 ,E
RETURN
Listing 2: BflSND
10 CLEAR200, 17000
20 DEFUSR0=17000
30 DEFUSR1=17032
32 B=£tH42 :C=&HCC:D=&H4A:E=&H38
34 GOSUB 500
40 INPUT"EYES";B$
96
THE RAINBOW September 1986
&HJ38
!=&HJ38
5J3 A=USR0(j3)
6J3 B=&H4A:C=&H39:D=&H52 :E=
7j3 GOSUB
8j3 INPUT "EARS" ;B$
9J3 A=USRj3(j3)
Ij3j3 B=&H52:C=&Hj39:D=&H59:E=&Hj38
11J3 GOSUB 5J3J3
12j3 INPUT"NOSE" ;B$
13j3 A=USRj3(j3)
140 B=&H59:C=&Hj39:D=&H61:E=&HA8
15j3 GOSUB 5j3j3
160 INPUT"MOUTH" ;B$
165 A=USRj3(j3)
170 B=&H61:C=&HA9:D=&H69:E=&H78
180 GOSUB 500
190 INPUT"HAIR" ;B$
200 A=USR0(0)
210 B=&H42 :C=&HCC:D=&H4A:E=&H38
220 GOSUB 600
230 INPUT 11 HEAR EYES";B$
240 A=USR1(0)
250 B=&H4A:C=&H39:D=&H52:E<
260 GOSUB 600
270 INPUT "HEAR EARS";B$
280 A=USR1(0)
290 B=&H52:C=&H09:D=&H59:E=&H08
300 GOSUB 600
310 INPUT "HEAR NOSE";B$
315 A=USR1(0)
320 B=&H59:C=&H09:D=&H61:E=&HA8
3 30 GOSUB 600
340 INPUT "HEAR MOUTH" ;B$
345 A=USR1(0)
350 B=&H61:C=&HA9:D=&H69:E=&H78
360 GOSUB 600
370 INPUT "HEAR HAIR";B$
375 A=USR1(0)
380 INPUT"LISTEN AGAIN" ;B$
390 IF B$="N" THEN 10
400 GOTO 210
500 POKE &H42 6E,B
510 POKE &H426F,C
520 POKE &H4283,D
530 POKE &H4284,E
540 RETURN
600 POKE &H429E,B
610 POKE &H429F,C
620 POKE &H42B2,D
630 POKE &H42B3,E
640 RETURN
Listing 3: SOUND
4268
00090
ORG
17000
4268 1A
50
00100 RECORD
ORCG
#$50
426A CE
FF20
00110
LDU
#$FF20
426D 8E
42CC
00120
LDX
#17100
4270 86
00130
LDA
#$01
4272 5F
00140 HIGH
CLRB
4273 5C
00150 HLOOP
INCB
4274
A5
C4
00160
BITA
,u
4276
26
FB
00170
BNE
HLOOP
4278
E7
80
00180
STB
,x+
427A
5F
00190
CLRB
427B
5C
00200 LOW
INCB
427C
A5
C4
00210
BITA
,u
427E
27
FB
00220
BEQ
LOW
4280
E7
80
00230
STB
,x+
4282
8C
4 A3 8
00240
CMPX
#19000
4285
25
EB
00250
BLO
HIGH
4287
39
00255
RTS
4288
1A
50
00260 PLAY
ORCC
#$50
428A
CE
FF20
00270
LDU
#$FF20
428D
6F
43
00280
CLR
3,U
428F
CC
F83C
00290
LDD
#$F83C
4292
A7
42
00300
STA
2 ( U
4294
E7
43
00310
STB
3,U
4296
CC
B435
00320
LDD
#$B435
4299
A7
5D
00330
STA
-3,U
429B
E7
5F
00340
STB
-I/O
429D
8E
42CC
00350
LDX
#17100
42A0
86
60
00360 HIOUT
LDA
#$60
42A2
E6
80
00370
LDB
,x+
42A4
A7
C4
00380 HILOOP
STA
42A6
5A
00390
DECB
42A7
26
FB
00400
BNE
HILOOP
42A9
4F
00410
CLRA
42AA
E6
80
00420
LDB
>x+
42AC
A7
C4
00430 LOLOOP
STA
,u
42AE
5A
00440
DECB
42AF
26
FB
00450
BNE
LOLOOP
42B1
8C
4A38
00460
CMPX
#19000
42B4
25
EA
00470
BLO
HIOUT
42B6
39
00480
RTS
MISSING
END
COLOR BANKBOOK $19.95
BUSINESS BANKBOOK
SVSTEM ONE
FOR ONE DISK DRIUE
*49.95
SVSTEM TWO
FOR TWO DISK DRIDES
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SUPERDISK UTILITY
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September 1986 THE RAINBOW 97
Updating the Color Change Quiz
By Fred B. Scerbo
Rainbow Contributing Editor
Editor's Note: If you have an idea for
the "Wishing Well/' submit it to Fred
c/o THE RAINBOW. Remember, keep
your ideas specific, and don 't forget that
this is BASIC. All programs resulting
from your wishes are for your use but
remain the property of the author.
September brings our annual edu-
cation issue and the advent of
another school year, so what
better time for us to update and enhance
one of our more popular "Wishing
Well" programs, the Color Change
Quiz. Therefore, this month you will
find listed a new, advanced sequel to
that highly popular offering which picks
up where the first program left off. To
achieve this, we will generate graphic
representations of the more commonly
used paper bills and present them in a
format the user can easily identify.
Fred Scerbo is a special needs instructor
for the North Adams Public Schools in
North Adams, Massachusetts. He holds
a master's in education and has pub-
lished some of the first software avail-
able for the Color Computer through
his software firm, Illustrated Memory
Banks.
The Wish: More of the Same
When Color Change Quiz was first
listed in the pages of the "Wishing
Well," I received a great deal of mail
from parents and teachers who found it
to be a useful addition to their educa-
tional software collection. The program
drew very recognizable images of a
quarter, dime, nickel and penny, right
down to George Washington and
Thomas Jefferson's ponytails. While
the program was only a quiz, and not
an example of CAI (Computer Aided
Instruction), it could serve as instruc-
tion since repetition of the use of money
in and of itself can be educational.
I had limited the display to the coins
mentioned for two reasons. First, they
are the most commonly used coins.
Neither half dollars nor silver dollars
are in great circulation. Secondly,
limited screen space does not allow for
display of larger coins, or, as I felt at the
time, currency. I was also reluctant to
try to generate a green color in PNDDE4.
Color Change Quiz II was designed
to display up to 15 of these coins on the
screen at one time. The program easily
fits into 16K Extended BASIC. My own
students used this program extensively,
but as is the case with all instructional
materials, the need for more difficult
and advanced material increased the
more they used the program. Taking the
comments I received from parents and
teachers into consideration, I decided
that now was the time to make a second
generation of the Color Change Quiz.
The task, however, was not as simple as
I hoped.
Making the Program
The first problem I had to overcome
in making Color Change Quiz II was
finding a way to display paper currency
without either reducing the size of the
graphics or filling up the whole screen
with just a few bills. I solved this
problem by using the same scale I used
for the coins from the first program, and
only displaying the left-hand quarter of
any given bill. This created the image of
a folded bill, which is not that uncom-
mon. Once I had designed the frame for
the one dollar bill, superimposing a five
and a 10 in the frame was not that
difficult.
Part of the problem I had to deal with
was finding a way to display the green
color for the bills. After taking a close
look at some bills, I came to the con-
clusion that our currency is really not
that green after all. It is closer to an olive
98 THE RAINBOW September 1986
The Ultimate
Color Computer
Enhancements
for Productivity
from HJL Products
■
P H
0 D U C T S
WOO****
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This is why we developed the HJL
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The Keyboard - $79.95
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The NumberJack is a self-contained,
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number-crunchers. Besides the number
keys, it has all the cursors, symbols
and math keys, including autoshifted
(one-touch) ADD and MULTIPLY.
Comes complete with 3-foot cable and
all necessary connectors for quick and
easy installation without soldering.
The Monitor Adapter - $25.95
This universal driver works with ail
monochrome monitors, and is easily
installed without clips, jumpers or
soldering (except in some later CoCo 2s
with soldered-in video chips). Here's
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with all the reliability you've come to
expect from HJL Products.
The Monitor - $89.95
The GoldStar high-resoiution amber
monitor brings you the monochrome
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The BASIC Utility - $25.95
Quick Basic Plus, a high-performance
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and instant screen dump to printer,
make this software the BASIC pro-
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The HJL Warranty
Every HJL product comes with a full,
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PR O DUG T S
Div, of Touchstone Technology Inc.
955 Buffalo Road • P.O. Box 24954
Rochester, New York 14624
shade. Therefore, it was just as easy to
draw the bills in blue. Once you see the
graphics display on the screen, I think
you will agree that it is attractive
enough and close enough to the actual
appearance so as not to cause any
confusion.
The next problem was one of mem-
ory. Each bill would have to take up
much more graphics array memory
than the coins in the original program.
Since the program had to include these
coins as well as the bills, the program
soon became too large to fit into a 16K
machine. (It was written on a 64K
CoCo.) To get around this problem it
became necessary to redesign the GET
and PUT statements for the coins in the
original program.
The original program had the size of
The screen display also had to be
redesigned to fit the new graphics and
dollar amounts. The score box was
changed to four digits (SXX.XX) and
the size of the word correct was reduced
to allow it to fit next to the now larger
answer box. The size of the bills also
required that only ten coins or bills
could be displayed at one time, as
opposed to the maximum of 15 on the
original program. This is acceptable,
since we are dealing with larger dollar
amounts by using bills and it remains
consistent with the increasing difficulty
level from the first program.
With a few adjustments to the title
card and a redesign of the score card to
make it consistent with our Life Skills
series, the program was finally crunched
down small enough to fit into 16K.
each coin array the same. Therefore, the
box holding the graphics of a dime
included the surrounding white space
and was just as large as the array
holding the much larger image of a
quarter. This memory was naturally
wasted. It was easier to write the orig-
inal program with identical sized arrays,
since the variables for each would be the
same. Once we got to the memory
crunch, however, I had to reduce each
of these arrays to the smallest size box,
and adjust the variables in each PUT
statement to correspond to this. With a
little work, the task was accomplished
and a sizeable chunk of memory was
free for other use.
I was also able to free some additional
memory by reducing the CLERR state-
ment to the smallest amount of string
space needed. This is accomplished by
reducing the CLERR value to the smallest
possible value until you get an ?OS
Error (out of string space). Pulling back
to a larger value gives just what you
need.
Some of you may be wondering why
this program was not included in our
Life Skills series. First, I wanted the
program to appear as a logical successor
to Color Change Quiz, Retaining the
title card would allow this program to
go hand in hand with the original. It
does not replace the original; it is just
the next logical step after mastering it.
Secondly, the programs in the Life
Skills series are designed to work in
Color BASIC without the Extended
commands as well as in MC-10 Color
BASIC. The use of graphics makes the
program unworkable on those two
machines.
The last feature I wanted to include
was the use of CPL, or Computer Paced
Learning, which I introduced in last
month's "Wishing Well." If the user gets
a score of 95 or greater after 10 prob-
lems or after checking the score, the
difficulty level increases. If the user gets
below a 70, the level decreases. There-
fore, the program keeps advancing with
the student as his or her skill increases.
Using the Program
Upon running the program, the
screen displays the title card. You are
asked to select the number of units
(coins and bills) you want to have
displayed up to a maximum of 10. The
. . our currency is
really not that green
after all."
screen then clears and asks you to select
the red-colored letter, either 'A' or *B\
This gives us the correct color set to
ensure red pennies and blue bills with-
out having to press the Reset button.
The screen next displays a random
selection of coins and bills. Sometimes
the screen displays all of one kind of
coin or bill with the exception of 10
dollar bills. The screen is not designed
to take an answer larger than $99.99 as
an input. If the user makes a mistake
prior to pressing a number for the last
digit, the backspace arrow can be used
to correct and clear the answer box.
Once the last digit is pressed, however,
the answer is taken.
If the answer is correct, the screen
prints CORRECT. Unlike the original
program, it does not proceed directly to
the next problem. The user must press
ENTER to move on to the next problem.
Pressing the '@' key during a problem
presents the score card. You may not
press '@' while the word "correct" is on
the screen. You must proceed to the next
screen and then press '@\
After seeing the score, you may press
'Y' to rerun the program, 'N' to exit the
program and 'C to continue where you
left off. Therefore, you can monitor a
student's progress, yet continue without
restarting the program. The original
Change Quiz did not allow this.
Conclusion
Some of you wrote saying you could
not get Color Change Quiz to work.
(There were no errors in the listing and
it is not possible for me to debug your
programs, even with an SASE. There
just isn't enough time.) This program
has been run and run again to make sure
it is bug free. If you have any problems,
recheck it line for line or get a rainbow
ON TAPE.
I hope this program becomes a useful
addition to your software library.
See you next month. □
1 00 THE RAINBOW September 1 986
90 ..
150 .
175 .
210 .
270 .
375 .
435 .
END
.27
253
149
158
133
105
20
164
.54
The listing: CHNGQUIZ
1
2
3
4
5
6
************ ****************
* COLOR CHANGE QUIZ II *
* BY FRED B. SCERBO *
* COPYRIGHT (C) 1986 *
* 60 HARDING AVE . N . ADAMS , MA*
****************************
10 CLEAR150:CLS0:FORI=0TO64STEP3
2 :FORY=1062TO1080:READA: POKEI+Y,
A+128:NEXTY,I
15 FORI=0TO64STEP32 : FORY=1156T01
179 : READA : POKEI+Y , A+12 8 : NEXTY , I :
FORI=0TO64STEP32 :FORY=1253T012 67
: READA: POKEI+Y , A+12 8 : NEXTY , I
20 FORI=46T049STEP3 : FORY=14T018 :
SET (I , Y, 7 ) : NEXTY , I : FORY=14T018ST
EP4 : FORI=45T05 0 : SET ( I , Y , 7 ) : NEXTI
25 DATA63,60,60, ,63,60,63, ,63,48
,48, ,63, 60, 63, ,63,60,63
30 DATA127, 112, 112, ,127,112,127,
,127,112,112, ,127,112,127, ,127,1
25,114
35 DATA44, 44, 44, ,44,44,44, ,44,44
,44, ,44,44,44, ,44,32,44
40 DATA95, 92, 92, ,95,80,95, ,87,92
,91, ,95,91,80,95
2,92
45 DATA95 , 80 , 80 ,
,95, ,95,84,91,95
2,92
50 DATA92,92,92 /
,92, ,92,80,84,92
2,92
55 DATA47,44,47,
,40, ,44,44,47
60 DATA47,33,47 /
,32, ,35,44,32
65 DATA44,44,46,
,95,92,92, ,95,9
95,92,95, ,95,92
,95,84,95, ,95,9
92,80,92, ,92,80
,92,92,92, ,92,9
47,32,47, ,36,47
47,32,47, ,32,47
44,44,44, ,36,44
40, ,44,44,44
70 DIMD(18) ,P(23) ,N(34) ,Q(55) ,A(
8),CV(7) ,TV(10) ,N$(9) ,CS(15) , PS (
15) ,DB(62) ,FD(62) ,TD(62)
75 DATA BL2L3H2U7E2R3F2D7G2,BLL6
R3U11LGD,NU2L7U3E2R3E2U2H2L3G2D2
, BH4BL3D2F2R3E2U3H2NL2EU2HL3GD, L
3R2U11LG5D2R8 , BL7BU2F2R3E2U3H2L3
G2U6R7D2 , BU10BLHL3G2D7F2R3E2U3H2
L3G2 , BL6E6U5L7D3 , BU2G2L3H2U3E2HU
2ER3FD2GNL3F2D3 , BL5NHR3E2U7H2L3G
2D3F2R3E2
80 FORI=0TO9:READN$(I) :NEXT:JK(1
)=1000: JK(2)=100: JK(3)=10: JK(4)=
1
85 R=5:PRINT@3 52, " BY FRED
B. SCERBO" : PRINT" COPYRIGH
T (C) 1986"
90 PRINT@416," ENTER NUMBER OF U
NITS (MAX. 10) ": PRINT: PRINT© 4 60, "
" ; : INPUTQW: IFQW>10THEN90ELSEIFQW
=0THEN90
95 T=1:IFQW>5THENDL=2
100 PMODE4,l:PCLSl:SCREENl,l
105 CV(l)=l:CV(2)=5:CV(3)=10:CV(
4)=25:CV(5)=100:CV(6)=500:CV(7)=
1000
110 PMODE3 : FORI=lT03 : DRAW"S16BM"
+STR$ (1+84) +" , 13 6C7U3NR4U2END6R2
ND6FD5BR12C6U6RND6R2FDGNL2RFDGL3
" : NEXTI
115 DRAW"S12BM3 6,50C1U6R3FDGNL3B
D3BR3U6R3FDGL3R2F2DBR3NR3U3NR2U3
R3BR3BD6R3U3L3U3R3BR3BD6R3U3L3U3
R3BR2"
120 DRAWBD6BR16U6L2R4BR3D6U3R4U
3D6BR3NR3U3NR2U3R3 "
125 DRAWBM27 , 88U6R3FDGL3R2F2DBR
3NR3U3NR2U3R3BR3ND6R2F2D2G2L2BR1
8NU6R3BR3NR3U3NR2U3R3BR3R2ND6R2B
R3R2ND6R2BR3NR3D3NR2D3R3BR3U6R3F
DGL3R2F2D"
130 X$=INKEY$:IFX$="A"THEN13 5ELS
EIFX$="B"THEN140ELSE130
135 L=7:B=2:GOT0145
140 L=6:B=3
145 CLS0 : PMODE4 , 1 : PCLS1 : SCREEN0 ,
1: CIRCLE (40, 40) ,14,0, .9:DRAW"S4C
0BM48 , 44NG5U3EU4HULH2L2HL5GLGDGD
2 FG2DRD2NR3 D2 FR2 FRFDRFRBU6GLREBU
2 REU2 HL2BL3 BDNL2 NGHLHLBU 4R4 BFGBG
150 CIRCLE(40,40) ,12,0, .9, .4, .2:
GET (26, 28) -(54,52) , D, G : PCLS1 : CIR
CLE (80, 40) ,16,0, .9:PAINT(80,40) ,
0,0:PMODE3 : PAINT (80, 40) ,L,8:PMOD
E4: CIRCLE (80, 40) ,16,0, . 9 : CIRCLE (
September 1986 THE RAINBOW 101
81,4)3) ,16,0, .9, .6, .3
155 LINE(6j3,26)-(lj3j3,54) ,PSET,B:
CIRCLE (8j3,4j3) ,14,j3, .9, .15, ^rCIR
CLE(8J3,40) ,14,j3, .9, .65, .9
160 FORI=70TO71:DRAW M C0BM"+STR$(
1 ) + " , 4 6UE 3 UBRN F 2 BLUE 2 UHU 2 HR2 E 2 UR
BRR2 FRFRDR2 D 2 G4 F 2 DRBL4 F 6 BL4 NH 3 BL
4NH4BU11U2R3BD2DBD5BR4NR4BL8BU4L
3 NU2 BL3 BD2 L5 " : NEXT : GET ( 6 4 , 2 6 ) - ( 9
6,54),P,G
165 FORI=0TO1: CIRCLE (135,40) ,20+
1,0, . 8 : NEXTI : C0L0R1 , 0 : LINE ( 1 ]J3 , 2
4) -(160,56) ,PSET,B:FORI=17T019ST
EP2: CIRCLE (135, 40) ,1,0, .8, .4, .7:
CIRCLE (135, 40) ,1,0, .8, .9, . 1 : NEXT
170 DRAW"C0BM125,52U2ENR3U2E3R3E
R6FD2FD2FD2BR3U2HU2HU2NL4U3L3D3R
3U3E2UEUHU2HU2HLHL12GLGD2NR3GDNF
2 FDG2 DNR3R2 DGDNR3 GF2 R2 " : FORI=2TO
6STEP4: CIRCLE (13 6, 34) ,1,0,1.3, .2
, .5:NEXT: CIRCLE (138, 50) ,6,0, .7, .
5, .8
175 GET(115,24)-(156,56) ,N,G:FOR
I=20TO22: CIRCLE (200, 40) ,1,0, .9, .
6, .9:CIRCLE(200,40) ,1,0, .9, .2, .3
: NEXTI : COLOR1,0 : FORI=180TO210STE
P5: LINE (I, 20) -(1+2,90) ,PSET,BF:N
EXTI
"XPNDR2 and SuperGuide -
an Ideal Expansion Card Set"
— RAINBOW 2/86
HARDWARE REVIEW
XPNDR2 $39.95 each or 2/$76
This prototype card features a 40 pin
connector for projects requiring an on-
line disk system or ROM paks. The
CoCo signals are brought out to wire-
wrap pins. Special gold plated spring
clips provide reliable and noisefree
disk operation plus solid support for
vertical mounting of the controller. The
entire 4.3x7 inch card is drilled for ICs.
Assembled, tested and ready to run.
XPNDR1 $19.95 each or 2/$36
A rugged 4.3*6.2 inch bare breadboard
that brings the CoCo signals out to
labeled pads. Both XPNDR cards are
double-sided glass/epoxy, have gold
ted edge connectors, thru -dole
plating and are designed with heavy
power and ground buses. They're
drilled for standard 0.3 and 0.6 inch
wide dual in-line wirewrap sockets;
with a 0.1 inch grid on the outboard end
for connectors.
SuperGuide $3.95 each
Here is a unique plastic insert that
aligns and supports printed circuit
cards in the CoCo cartridge port. Don't
forget to ORDER ONE FOR YOUR
XPNDR CARDS.
Included with each XPNDR card
are 8 pages of APPLICATION
NOTES to help you learn about
chips and how to connect them to
your CoCo.
i
To order or for technical informa-
tion call:
(206) 782-6809
weekdays 8 a.m. to noon
We pay shipping on prepaid orders.
For immediate shipment send
check, money order orthe number
and expiration date of your VISA or
MASTERCARD to:
ROBOTIC
MICROSYSTEMS
BOX 30807 SEATTLE, WA 98103
180 FORI=0TO1: CIRCLE (200, 40) ,24+
1,0, . 9 tNEXT: CIRCLE (200 ,40) ,19,0,
.9, .15, . 35:DRAW"C0BM212,52U2LU2H
2U2H2R2F3D2RD3BL4BU8R2E2U2HL2HL2
H2L2GDBR8U3HU2H2UHUL11GLGLDLD2LD
LDBRF 2 BDG 3 DR3 LD2NR2 D2F2R2FD3G3DG
BR8BU9NE4BL11BD2L4BH2R7BR7BU10H2
NLBD2D"
185 GET(176,18)-(224,62) ,Q,G:PM0
DE4,1:PCLS1
190 LINE(0,0)-(40,60) , PRESET, B:L
INE(4,4) -(40,56) , PRESET, B
195 CIRCLE(14, 16) ,9,0,1. 3:CIRCLE
(14,48) ,8,0,1.1
200 DRAW"BM40,8C0L10U2H2L2D2LD2L
2ND2R2F4NU4E2RD4G4LNU8R4F2D2L2H4
F2D6G2NU9LH2U4NE4G4L4D14L2U14G6U
4E2RD4U2H4D10R4E3D4G2L2H2L2D6E2R
4D2BM40 , 52L20F4E4F4E4F4L2H4G4H4G
4"
205 DRAW"BM40,8H4G4H4R2F4E4":PMO
DE3 : CIRCLE ( 14, 16), 8, B, 1.3: PAINT (
14,16) ,B,B:CIRCLE(14,48) ,7,B,1.1
:PAINT(14,48) ,B,B
210 DRAW"BM16,10D10R2DL6UR2U8G2B
D32E2D6RNR2L2 " : PMODE4 : FORI=0TO4S
TEP2 : CIRCLE (40, 32) ,9-1,0, .9, .25,
.75: NEXT
215 DRAW"C0BR16U2BU2U4NR2D2NR2D2
R2BR4U4BR4D4BU32BL2U4L2R4" : GET (0
,0)-(40,60) ,DB,G
220 PMODE3: CIRCLE (14, 16) ,8,B,1.3
:PAINT(14,16) ,B,B:CIRCLE(14,48) ,
7,B,1.1:PAINT(14,48) ,B,B
225 DRAW"BM12 , 10NR6DNR6D3NR4DR4F
2 D2G2L2H2 BD2 6NR4D2R2 F2 DGLH" : GET (
0,0)-(40,60) ,FD,G
230 COLORB,B:LINE(5,6)-(24,24) ,P
RESET , BF : LINE (6,44)-(24,52), PRES
ET,BF
235 DRAW"BM6,50C4U4NL2R2BR2NR2D2
NR2D2R2 BR4U4F4R2U4BU24BL4L2H2U10
E2R2F2D10G2BL8L4UR2U12NG2ED13R2 "
:GET(0,0)-(40,60) ,TD,G
240 PM0DE4,1:PCLS5:SCREEN1,1
245 KC=0:PMODE3
250 HL=RND(32) :IFHL<=27THEN265
255 IFQW=1THENCS (1)=RND(7) :GOT02
70
260 FOR RT=1T0QW:CS(RT)=HL-2 6:NE
XTRT:GOTO270
265 CS (l)=RND(3)+4:FOR RT=2TOQW:
CS(RT)=RND(7) : : NEXTRT
270 SR=0
275 FOR RT=lTOQW-l:IFCS(RT)<CS(R
T+1)THEN285
280 NEXT RT:IFSR=1THEN270ELSE290
285 TEM=CS(RT) : CS (RT) =CS (RT+1) :C
102 THE RAINBOW September 1986
S (RT+1) =TEM: SR=1 : GOT028J3
29 p D=j3: JC=j3:F0RY=lT0 DL: 0=2: FOR
I=T TO R:JC=JC+1
295 F=CS(JC)
3 j3 j3 TV=TV+ CV ( F ) : KC=KC+ 1
305 ON F 0010310,315,32)3,325,33)3
,335,34)3
31) 3 PUT(C+8,D+8)-(C+4)3,D+36) ,P,P
SET:G0T0345
315 PUT(C+4,D+6)-(C+45,D+38) ,N,P
SET:G0T0345.
32) 3 PUT(C+l)3,D+l)3)-(C+38,D+34) ,D
,PSET:GOT0345
325 PUT(C,D)-(C+48,D+44) ,Q,PSET:
GOT0345
33) 3 PUT(C,D) -(C+4)3,D+6)3) ,DB,PSET
:GOT0345
335 PUT (C,D) -(0+4)3,0+6)3) ,FD,PSET
:GOT0345
34) 3 PUT (C, D) - (0+4)3 , D+6)3) , TD, PSET
345 C=C+5)3:IF KC=QW THEN36)3
35) 3 NEXT I
355 D=D+62:NEXTY
360 COLOR8,6:LINE()3,144)-(182,18
2) , PRESET, BF
365 FORK=)3TO120STEP4)3:LINE(32+K,
148)-(56+K,178) , PSET , BF : NEXTK
370 DRAW"C5S4BM102, 178U3R2D3"
375 COLOR7,5:LINE(0,144)-(182,18
2) , PRESET ,B
380 DRAW"S8BM10,170C8FRND3NU12R2
ND3NU12REU3HL5U3ER4F"
385 PV=1:FORK=0TO120STEP40:DRAW"
BM"+STR$ (K+44 ) +» , 140C7NU6NH2E2L3
ii
390 X$=INKEY$:IFX$=CHR$ (8) THEN44
0ELSEIFX$="@"THEN455ELSEIFX$=""T
HEN390
395 KP=ASC(X$) :IFKP<48THEN390ELS
EIFKP>57THEN390
400 KP=KP-48 : DRAW"BM"+STR$ (K+51)
+» , 174C7"+N$ (KP) +"BM"+STR$ (K+44)
+",140C8NU6NH2E2L3"
405 AV=AV+KP* ( JK (PV) ) : PV=PV+1 : NE
XTK
410 IF AVOTV THEN435
415 NR=NR+l:DRAW"S8BM189,168C7HU
3ERFBD3GNLBR4HU3ERFD3GNLBR4U5R2F
DGNL2 FDBR2U5R2 FDGNL2 FDBR2U5NR3 D2
NR3D3R3BR3HU3ERFBD3GNLBR4U5L2R4 "
:SOUND200,4
420 FORP=1TO300:NEXTP
425 CL=CL+l:IFGL<10THEN445
430 CL=0:GOSUB470:GOTO445
435 NW=NW+1 : FOR BQ=1T03 : PM0DE4 : S
CREEN1 , 0 : S0UND19 , 5 : SCREEN1 , 1 : SOU
ND1 , 5 : PMODE 3 : NEXT BQ : AV=0 : KP=0 : G
OTO360
440 DRAW"BM"+STR$ (K+44 ) +" , 140C4N
U6NH2E2L3 " : AV=0 : KP=0 : G0T03 60
445 X$=INKEY$:IFX$OCHR$ (13) THEN
445
450 AV=0:C=0:D=»J3:TV=0:GOTO240
455 CLS: PRINTS 101, "YOU TRIED"NR+
NW" PROBLEMS &": PRINT@165 , "ANSWER
ED"NR"CORRECTLY"
460 PRINT© 2 2 9, "WHILE DOING"NW"WR
ONG . "
465 GOSUB470:GOTO510
470 NQ=NR+NWMFNQ=0THEN NQ=1
475 MS=INT(NR/NQ*100)
480 IFMS<70THENQW=QW-1
485 IFQW<1THENQW=1
490 IFMS>95THENQW=QW+1
495 IFQW>10THENQW=10
500 I FQW> 5 THENDL=2 ELS E DL= 1
505 RETURN
510 PRINT @ 2 9 3 , ''YOUR SCORE IS"MS"
9- ■*
515 PRINT@3 57, "ANOTHER TRY (Y/N/
C) ?";
520 X$=INKEY$ : I FX $ = " Y " THENRUN
525 IFX$="N"THENCLS : END
530 IFX$="C"THEN450
535 GOTO520
THE SOFTWARE HOUSE
A DIVISION OF DATAHATCH, INC.
DS/DD-2 NOTCHES-2 ID HOLES
10/*9
100/*95.00
DATAMATCH DISKETTES
SINGLE SIDE/ DOUBLE DENSITY
10/*9.00 100/*85.00
PROGRAMMER'S DISKS
SS/DD 10/*8.00 100/475.00
DS/DD 10/49.00 100/485.00
ALL DISKS CONE WITH TYVEK SLEEVES, LABELS, W.P.TABS
HEAT TRANSFER C I RON— ON ) RIBBONS
BLACK - RED - BLUE - YELLOW
GEMINI /OKI PRINTERS 45.95 EA.
COLOR RIBBONS: Red, Green, Blue, Brown
GEM/OKI 4/$ 10.00
EPSON 4/$24.00
APPLE/NEC 4/S24.00
ALL ITEMS 100% GUARANTEED!
Add $2.50 S/H in U.SA - Canada Add $3.50
Michigan Residents Add 4% Sales Tax
Send check or money order payable to:
THE SOFTWARE HOUSE
9020 Hemingway, Redford, Ml 48239
(31 3) 937-3442 aHE)
Send Card Number and Exp. Date ^^^^A
i
Min. Charge Order $20.00
September 1 986 THE RAINBOW 1 03
iiiil
L
catalog features new programs intro-
duced for the 1986/ 1987 school year, as
well as improved versions of programs
from previous years. The programs
range from educational games for K-6
to study aids for high school and col-
lege, and are available in both tape and
disk versions. Contact CTC, P.O. Box
652, Cedar Crest, NM 87008.
DRIVE IT! Derby City Software &
Microtechnologies has announced the
start of production for two new Color
Computer hardware devices. The first
device is a monitor driver available in
three configurations. The V.D.I is
designed to drive a color or mono-
chrome monitor with sound capability.
The V.D.2 can be used for monitors
without sound and the V.D.3 will drive
both a color and a monochrome mon-
itor simultaneously. These drivers,
which retail for $28.95, include instruc-
tions and require no soldering for
installation.
The second device is a DOS switcher
for older J & M disk controllers. The
switcher is jumper selectable for any
combination of 24- or 28-pin EPROMs.
No soldering is required for installation,
and the switcher has all gold contacts.
The DOS switcher retails for $34.95.
Contact Derby City Software & Micro-
technologies, 3025 Kozy Kreek Drive,
Louisville, KY 40220-2567, (502) 459-
2626.
SWITCH IT! Telebyte Technology, Inc.
is offering a solution to the problem of
data routing between multiple peripher-
als. Operator routing between a single
source and two output devices, or from
two sources to one output can be ac-
complished with the new Model 312 and
Model RS-313. The Model 312 is in-
tended for use with RS-232 ports uti-
lizing DB-25 connectors, while the
Model RS-313 is designed to be used
with Centronics-type ports. Port selec-
tion is made using large push buttons
marked 'A' and 'B'. Neither unit re-
quires power and each retails for $79.95.
Contact Telebyte Technology, Inc., 270
East Pulaski Road, Greenlawn, NY
11740, oj call (800) 835-3298 or in New
York state, (516)423-3232.
LITERATURE Two new publications
being offered by Howard W. Sams &
Company are Printer Connections
Bible and Modem Connections Bible.
With the many different computers,
printers and cables presently on the
market, making a printer-computer
connection can be frustrating. The
Printer Connections Bible contains the
information necessary to make proper
hardware connections. The book fo-
cuses on the main interface — the cable
itself. Also included are several tables
and diagrams plus information on
various computers and printers. The
companion book, Modem Connections
Bible, is intended for those who want to
connect a computer to a modem, inter-
connect several modems or just want to
know more about modems. The heart
of the book is a collection of drawings
of the RS-232-C interfaces on a number
of popular microcomputers, the interfa-
ces on the modems and the cables that
connect the two. The books retail for
$16.95 each. Contact Howard W. Sams
& Co., Dept. R44, 4300 W. 62nd Street,
Indianapolis, IN 46268, (317)298-5723.
COLORFUL PRINTS C. Itoh Digital
Products, Inc. has introduced a seven-
color version of its popular 80-column
Pro Writer C-310 and its wide-carriage
Pro Writer C-315 dot-matrix printers.
The letter-quality printers are designed
to handle any home, business or office
printing task, and now produce color
graphics up to 240 by 216 dots per inch.
Both printers print at speeds up to 300
cps in draft mode, 50 cps in the near-
letter-quality mode and 33 cps in the
letter-quality mode. The printers also
come with a variety of resident charac-
ter fonts and optional font cartridges.
Retail price for the color C-310 is $739
and the price for the color C-315 is $909.
Contact C Itoh Digital Products, Inc.,
19750 South Vermont Avenue, Suite
220, Torrance, CA 90502, (213) 327-
2110.
FREE CATALOG A free catalog of
educational software for home and
school is available from Creative Tech-
nical Consultants, a leading developer
of educational software for the Color
Computer for over four years. The
SAVE YOUR MODEM'S LIFE Elec-
tronics Specialists, Inc. now produces
protection for your modem. Model
PDS-11/SUP is intended to suppress
damaging telephone and power line
spikes caused by lightning, spherics or
office phone switch gear. It offers
suppression on the red and green lines
while allowing the yellow and black to
run straight through. A 6500 amp
suppressor protects the AC power line,
while MOVs and Gas Discharge Tube
suppression techniques are used for
overall protection. Price for the PDS-
11/SUP is $109.05. Contact Electronic
Specialists, Inc., 171 S. Main Street,
P.O. Box 389, Natick, MA 01760, (800)
225-4876.
CLEAN 'ER UP! Philips ECG, Inc. has
recently added a computer care kit to its
Hi-Tech Chemical line. This complete
kit, which retails for $39.95, includes a
floppy disk head cleaner, magnetic
tape/ head and disk spray, antistatic
spray, Jet Air cleaner, screen wipes, lint-
free wipes and swabs plus complete
instructions. The kit allows you to
maintain your system for years of
reliable service. Contact Philips ECG,
Inc., P. O. Box 3277, Williamsport, PA
17701, (800)233-8767 (in Pennsylvania,
800-222-9308).
AGAIN WITH SWITCHING? Ohm/
Electronics has announced the availa-
bility of their new family of slimline
Scooter(R) Data Switches. Only two
inches high, these switches allow you to
put any of two or three compatible
peripherals online by pushing a button.
The data switches require no power and
are available with either two or three
switch connections, in either serial or
parallel operation. Model AB25 (serial)
and Model AB36 (parallel) offer two
device controls, while Model ABC25
and Model ABC36 will switch among
three devices. Suggested retail prices
are: Model AB25, $79; Model AB36,
$85; Model ABC25, $84; Model
ABC36, $96. Contact Scooter Pro-
ducts, Ohm I Electronics, Inc., 746 Ver-
mont Street, Palatine, IL 60067, (800)
323-2727 (in Illinois 312-359-6040).
104 THE RAINBOW September 1986
D
LT
□
QQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQ
SUPER RAM -
The first 256K/512K memory board for the CoCo II ! 256K/512K of memory resides
IN THIS STURDY, LOW NOISE METAL CASE AND ALL THE SUPPORT CIRCUITRY TO ACCESS IT
as a high speed RAMDISK! Compatible with all CoCo 1 1 " s , even the 26-3127B and
26-3134A/B. (see June '86 Rainbow Review) Requires a RS Multi-Pak.
256K Board - $129.95 512K Board (Recommended for OS-9 users) - $169.95
OS-9 Driver - $24.95
NOW add 68008 CPU processing power to the CoCo ! Simply plug the 68K board into
THE ROMPAK PORT OF YOUR CoCo AND ATTACH YOUR DlSK CONTROLLER INTO THE 68K BOARD.
Features 8/16/32 bit internal processing, parallel port, and fast DMA operation.
256K Board - $349.95 (Metal case $39.95) 256K RAMDISK Driver - $59.95
OS-9 Driver - $29.95
The most AMAZING CoCo Disk Controller ever ! Switch up to four DOS's (up to 16K)
via a single software POKE. Choose between R/S 1.0/1.1, Spectrum DOS, ADOS. JDOS
Stearman DOS - $99. 95 (Spectrum DOS $29.95 or ADOS $39.95 with purchase of the
Super Controller - Buy 'em both for $59)
Enhanced Display 80 - Add an 80X24 display. Real Time Clock and Centronics
parallel printer interface to your Super Controller ! Includes SMOOTH SCROLLING,
Switchable Video Input - $129.95 (NEW OS-9 Driver for Display 80 - $24.95)
EPROM Programmer for the Super Controller - $59.95 (Uses 2764's ($6.95) or
27128's ($14.95) EPR0MS)
COMM-4 -
Enhance the MULTI-TASKING & MULTI-USER features of OS-9 by providing (4) serial
INDEPENDENT DEVICES VIA DB-25 PLUGS ON A PLUG-IN CARTRIDGE. ALLOWS
YOU TO HOOK UP ANY COMBINATION OF UP TO (4) TERMINALS, MODEMS OR PRINTERS. A
must for Bulletin Board Sysops ! (Call 504-340-7609 C0MM-4 BBS to see a demo -
300/1200 Baud, 8 Bits, No Parity) $99.95. Requires a RS Multi-Pak.
COCO MAX II -
Feature packed hardware & software Graphics System ! Includes: Pull-Down Menus,
Icon processing, multiple Font styles, full graphic editing plus a special Input
Module for 256X192 joystick input. 64K DISK $79.95 - with a 'Y' Cable $99.95
CoCo Max I-II Disk Upgrade $19.95 - CoCo Max TAPE $69.95 - Mouse Pad $14.95
QQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQGQQQQQQQGQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQ
All orders plus $3.00 S/H (Foreign $5.00) - COD add $2.00 extra - NYS Residents add Sales Tax
WOODHAVEIM IMY 11421
COO ORDER HOT LINE 718-835-1
SPECTRUM PROJECTS
SOFT AND HARD WARES FOR
COLORFUL COMPUTING
COMMUNICATION
C0L0RC0M/E - A complete smart,
t e r mi n aT" package! Upload,
Download, Hi-Res (51X24)
screen, 300/1200 Baud, Offline
Printing. 32/64K Disk* - $39.95
*- Now with DELPHI & Compuserve
XMODEM support! Download ML!
COMPUSERVE 5hr Start Kit $19.95
MODEMS
5^
WORD PROCESSING
i
TELEWRITER-64 - Three Hi -Res
screens, true lowercase char's
right justify, full screen
editor. Tape $49.95 Disk $59.95
TELEPATCH - A TW-64 enhance r! ! !
True bjock move, Qv erstrike &
TSP00L mode. Type Ahead Buffer
FASTER Disk I/O 64K Disk $19.95
PRINTERS
annnniMnMiMiim«
1 200 BAUD
$129.95
**
Hayes compatible! Super for the
DELPHI & C ompuserv e CoCo Sig!
300/1200 Baud, Auto-dial/ answer
** Requires Modem cable .$19.95
KEYBOARDS
puiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii iniiiiriiiiiiiiiiiiii^
GEMINI N X-10 - 120 cps t tract-
frict feed, NLQ mode, 5K buffer
Front Panel Controls! - $249.95
KAMELEON -Low cost Parallel Ptr
Interface! 600/9600 Baud $49.95
BriteFace-The first INTELLIGENT
iffllllHIIHIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIHIIHIIIIII IM
RS 26 z 3016 Low Profile CoCo
Keybd. Fits alj CoCoII's, "F" &
TDP-100's WAS $39.95 NOW $14.95
Adapter for D/E CoCoI's - $9.95
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii imnnn
$10
is
Monitor Stand $24.95
[mmnnnTTTfniniiiniiiiiiiniiiiinnmnm^
MONOCHROME Monitors - CRISP
80x24 Hi-Res screens! $79.95
Un i versa 1 Video Driver - Works
w7aj_l monitors & CoCos!- $29.95
Anti-Glare Screen $24.95
TT ^COLQR Monitors $169.95
TAXAN Tuner-Receive TV channels
on any composite monitor $99.95
OFF COLORCOM/E WITH A HAYES MODEM
OFF TELEWRITER-64 WITH ANY PRINTER,
KEYBOARD OR MONITOR
$10
SPEEDY COD ORDER HOT LINE - CALL 718-835-1344
ftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftft
SPECTRUM PROJECTS
SOFT AND HARD WARES FOR
COLORFUL COMPUTING
ftftftftftftftftftft,
SPREADSHEET
Screen 32X16 51X24
Precision 9 digits 16 digits
Hi-Res Graphics NO YES
Visicalc cmd format NO YES
New low price! 64K Disk S69-95
Side "Wise -Print DYNACALC files
up to 255 chars- si dcway s ! - 95
DISK DRIVES
DOUBLE SIDED
DRIVE 0
$239.95*
Disk Drive - 1,2 or 3 - $119.95
* Super Control ler -Manual - Cable
ftftftftftftftftft
ATA DASE MANAGER
PRO-COLOR FILE 2.0-60 Data
Fids, 8 Report Fmts, 4 Screen
Fmts, 1020 bytes/record, Sort 3
Fields, Global Search, FAST ML
Sort, Create Files Compat ible
w/DYNACALC! - Disk $49.95
Pro Co^or Di^r and PCF Forms -
Buy r em both for only "$29.95
i=
GAME CONTROLLERS
Wjco C ommand Adapter - Now you
can hookup 2 A tari type joystks
to your CoCo for only $19.95!
Wico Trackbal 1 -Rapid f i re & 36Cf
action! Reg. $69. 95 - Now $19.95
DELUXE Joystick - 360 Degree
control with c ente r return or
analog positioning - $27.50
DISK SOFTWARE
**
pilllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllHIIIIII BHI
1. Fast Dupe II $14.95
2. CoCo Keybd Software ..$14.95
3. Wizard (TW-64) $19.95
4. EZ Base (Database) ...$24.95
5. Graphicom $24.95
6. Blackjack Royale $24.95
7. Color Forth $24.95
8. Spect'm Adv Generator $29.95
COCO II UPGRADES
Want to upgrad e your new $69/
$88 CoCo II? TSee below ! !)
4464 DRAMs - two chip 64K
upgrade for 26 -31 3 4A and 26-
3134B Korean CoCo I I 1 ! ..$39.95
Extended BASIC - 28 pin ROM for
26-3134 A7B~CoCo IPs ...$34.95
Buy 'em BOTH for only - $69.95
i
[?7
t
**~ SAVE $100 ! ! !
Buy the ABOVE 8
programs for only
$79.95
t
SPECTRUM PROJECTS, Inc.
PO BOX 21272
WOODHAVEN NY 11421
FREE - Send for our
CoCo catalog flier 111
Dealer inquiries invited I
Software submissions
welcomed I
All orders plus $3.00 S/H (Foreign $5.00) - COD add $2.00 extra - NYS Residents add Sales Tax
16K
Disk
f the }
GAME
RAINBOW
Jerpl
exing
icture
uzzles
By Ira Goldwyn
s.' -?y* < '
;.r.i
There have been several attempts
to simulate the seemingly child-
ish game where a picture is di-
vided into 16 boxes, scrambled and
must be reassembled. Each attempt has
had two problems: They were limited to
simple DRRW pictures embedded in the
program, and the random scrambling of
the screen often caused the puzzle to be
unsolvable.
I have found a solution to both of
these problems. Scrambled Pix lets you
use any saved screen in the puzzle. You
can use any 6K picture. Co Co Max
pictures can be used if they are saved as
a single screen.
The scrambling at the beginning of
the program is random, but only allows
for legal moves. It is done quickly
because no DRRW, LINE, PRINT or other
Ira Goldwyn is the graphics master of
his users group. He lives in Great Neck,
New York and is currently enrolled in
a master's program and hopes to soon
be an English teacher.
. !
graphics drawing statements are used.
The picture is manipulated by PUT and
GET statements.
A unique feature is the ST$ array. For
each of the sixteen boxes, I encoded the
boxes that were legal to be moved. The
computer simply checks the "box to be
moved from" code and checks if "box
to be moved to" is legal/ The arrows
control the action. Simply press the
arrow to tell the computer which box
you want to move into the empty box.
An illegal move gives a beep. If you are
lost, press the space bar and it will show
you what the picture should look like.
This is done by having the original
picture copied to the upper pages of
graphics memory before the picture is
scrambled.
I have had a good time with this
program; it's not as easy as it seems.
Have fun!
(You may direct questions about this
program to Mr. Goldwyn at 12 Tain
Drive* Great Neck, NY 11021, 516-482-
3049. Please enclose an SASE when
writing.) □
108
THE RAINBOW September 1986
A
SHOPPING LIST
SUMMER CHIP -SALE- ...
RF Shield for D/E CoCo V% $3.95
6821 Standard PIA }9r85: $4.95
(8) 4517 16K Chips - 5 volts $4.95
Basic ROM 1.1 Chip 153*3$ $7.95
Orig SAM Chip (6883) ~t&e35. $9.95
6847 VDG Chip^JSsSS. $ 9 - 95
6809E CPU Chip 13^*35 $9.95
Basic ROM 1.3 ( Newest version) ...$19.95
68769 (Fits all Basic ROMS) EPROM $19.95
Disk ROM 1.1 (New DOS Command ) ...$29.95
New SAM Chip w/heatsink (74LS785) $29.95
Ext Basic ROM - NEW LOW PRICE $29.95
CoCo First Aid Kit - includes two PIA's,
6809E CPU & SAM Chips -$5&*95L $29.95
EPROM Eraser - 3 min erasure time $49.95
EPROM Prgmr (2ms speed/2K-16K) ..$149.95
Tandy! 0150 51 2K Upgrade-SAVE $350 $169.95
COCO LIBRARY...
A History of the CoCo / 1980-1986 .$3.95
CoCo Memory Map ....$14.95
Basic Programming Tricks Revealed. $14. 95
500 Pokes, Peeks 'N Execs $16.95
Basic 09 Tour Guide $19.95
Assembly Language Programmi ng ....$19.95
Color Basic Unraveled $19.95
Extended Basic Unraveled $19.95
Disk BasicTU)/l . 1 ) Unraveled ...$19.95
New! CoCo II Service Manual* $24.95
SECOND Book & Jape of Adventures .$29.95
0fficial~ 0"S9 Manual Set $39.95
The Complete Rainbow Guide to 0S9. $19.95
W/Two Disk Package of demo pgms ..$49.95
Color / Extended / Disk Basic Unraveled -
Complete disassembly of the CoCo ROMS !
Complete 3 Book Set - Save $10! ..$49.95
MORE GOOD STUFF...
CoCo Light Pen -^24*95L Save $5!.. $19. 95
Computjze "Y" Box - More positive
connections than a "Y" Cable $29.95
PBJ WORDPAK-RS - Newest version ! HiRes
80x24 display. Comes w/0S-9 drivr $99.95
Micro Works DS-69A Digitizer $149.95
Tandy 1000 2nd Drive (SAVE $40) .$159.95
* - Specify CoCo II Catalogue Number
All order* plus $3.00 S/H (Foreign $5.00)
COD add $2.00 extra
NYS Residents add Sales Tax
r
COCO CABLES AND...
Printer / Modem 15' Extender Cable .$14.95
T i red of u npl uggi ng device s from your
RS232 port? Try a RS232 "Y" Cable . $19. 95
Disk Drive Cable (34pin - 34pin) .$19.95
Modem Cable - 6ft (DB25-DB25) $19.95
Joystick / Mouse 10' Ext Cable $19.95
Dual Disk Drive Cable (3-34pin) ..$24.95
Null Modem Cable - 4 pin to DB25 .$24.95
Disk Interface/Rom Pak Extender - Move
your disks/ROM Paks further away .$24.95
40 Pin Dua l "Y" Cable - Hook up a Disk
w/Voice, Word Pak. CoCo Max , etc ..$29.95
Triple RS232 Switcher - Now select one
of any three RS232 peripherals ...$39.95
40 Pin Triple "Y" Cable - Hook up any 3-
Voi ce7Word/RS232/Di gi t i zer PAKs ..$39.95
15" Multi-Pak Extender I^S^^SST $27.95
C-10 tapes 1n any quantity 49 cents
5 1/4 " Diskettes , any quantity .99 cents
OS-9 Quick Reference Guide $3.95
Rompak w/Blank PC Brd-27xx series .$9.95
Video Clear - This cable will reduce TV
interference created by CoCo! ....$19.95
The Magic Box - Load Mod I / I I I Basic
program tapes into the CoCo ......$24.95
DOS Switcher - Select from any two DOSs
(Disk 1.0 1.1, JDOS) in J&M ctlr .$24.95
Orig CoCo I "D" Rev motherboard . Includes
all chips (SAM, CPU, PIA's, VDG) except
RAM and Ext Basic ! Spare Parts ! $29.95
256K RAM Chips (Set of 8) $39.95
Model 100 8K Upgrade $39.95
HJL-57 Keyboard - Save $7.00!!! ..$72.95
Specify Model/Revision Board
HPS Controller w/1.1 ROM $79.95
Amdek Twin 3" Drive System $139.95
Amdek Drive System w/controller .$239.95
PO BOX 21272
WOODHAVEN NY 11421
ORDER HOT LINE
•-1 344
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6
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P
S
$
1
9
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718-835-
J TIES <»<M>
COCO CHECKER*
Something;: w rong; wi th your CoCo??? CoCo CHECKER 1r t he: an s wer ? ! V : test yftu r ROMs,
RAM Si DJ;$.kS©Sli Si Controller, Printer^ Keyboard, Cassette, Joysticks, Sound, f?fe VDQ, Internal
Clock $#§$$1 Mulr.-Pak Interface and more!! 16K TAPE/DISK $19-95 (see Jan f 85 Rainbow Review)
MULTI-PAK CRAK
Save ROM PA Kg to your 64K Disk system using the RS Multi-Pak Interface. Eliminate constant
p Jugging in of ROMPAKs now by keeping all your PAK software on disk . Includes POKEs for
" PROBLEM 11 ROMPAKs- including the NEW J6K PAKSI (Demon Attack,Dragons Lair,etc) 64K DISK $24.95
9
r A\\ the FEATURES of TELEP ATCH plus the classically proportioned characters of the WIZARD
($1.9.95) font w/TRUE lowercase" descenders! Get BOTH & SUPERCHARGE your TW-64 for only $29-95
SPIT N IMAGE
0
A super '■ : iJ0WM#W ffiMM Disk Omni Clone! Back everything up! This .a mazin g pn6^fani hah dies
standard " : : d i ^ : : S:^^t!^^ ^ s e . We haven't found any disk yet that it can't handle, Donfcever be caught
without a: backtfp ' aga^nl Lowest price tool Beats most t f copy protection " p r og r^Ajsj; 4%K D I S K $29.95
COCO SCREEN DUMP
The best screen dump program for the Panasonic , Epson & Gemini printers ever! Have the option of
standard or reverse images w/regular or double sized proportional pictures- 600-9600 Baud too! A
must for Graphicom and CoCo Calendar users. 16K TAPE/DISK $19-95 (see Nov f 84 Rainbow Review)
DISK UTILITY 2.1*
A multi-featured tbpl foY USER FRIENDLY disk handling. Utilize a directory window to selectively
sort, move, rename \&ffd krf I J file entries. Lightning fast Disk I/O for format, copy and backup.
E xamine conu.-nis of files, the Granule Table, plus the size, load addresses and entry points of all
programs., Single command execution of both Basic and ML programs. 32K/64K DISK $24.95 "Disk
Ut ility has proven m-eir very quickly at my house" - Ed Ellers Oct '84 Rainbow Review pg. 220
SPECTRUM FONT GENERATOR
Now you can write files using any CoCo Word Processor (Telewriter-64, VIP Writer, etc); and convert
them to special Highly Detailed character sets ! Some of the character sets supported are Italics ,
QL<1 English, F utur is t i c a n d Block . A character set editor is included to create custom sets or
modify existing ones! Supports most dot-matrix printers! DISK $29.95 (see Dec '85 Rainbow Review)
Add 24 N EW Disk commands with 2 Hi-Res screens! Supports 40 track & Double - Sided drives, 6 ms
stepping, auto disk search, error trapping & "EPROMABLE". 64K DISK 3*49*851 New LOW' price!! $24.95
SCHEMATIC DRAFTING PROCESSOR
Save time and design uro looking diagrams using a 480X540 pixel worksheet w/G viewing windows.
0ver 30 ejfic tr o-flic symbols 'vw/10 d efinable symbols . (Even Logic gates & fvk^^m chips!) Print hard
copy and save to disk . 64K DISK Sffl&S, New LOW price!!! $29.95 (see Jan %A hiambdw Review)
ASIC+
Basic+ provides (23) of the most used BASIC cmds w /one keystroke plus scrolling & editing
w/single key! Also included is a 32 character typahead BUFFERED keybd w /auto key & repeat plus
a 32K Print Spooler & Ptr Echo!! 64K DISK $29.95 (see Jan '86 Rainbow Review pg. 192)
Use your CoCo to keep track of your checking and savings accounts! Printout individual personal
checks! 32K/64K TAPE $19.95 DISK $29-95 (see Apr! 1*85 pg. 210 & Oct'85 pg. 197 Rainbow Reviews)
THE ULTIMATE GRAPHIC ADVENTURE
r
Wizarrr's Castle is a graphic adventure game with deadly creatures , mapic spells and traps of all
types which are RANDOMIZED at the beginning of each session so that no 2 adventures will be the
same! REAL TIME ACTION keeps the game's characters interacting even though you may be waiting to
make a move. Includes three skill levels, 60 Hi-Res screens & Game Save Feature. 64K DISK $24-95
Mi
ROQR
GET A DOUBLE SIDED
DRIVE 0 FOR $199.95
O OTHER DISCOUNTS CAN BE APPLIED
W AVAILABLE BY EXPRESS ORDER
YOUR LOCAL RADIO SHACK STORE!!!
ASK TO SEE THE RADIO SHACK
DEMO DISKS - FC#0249 & FC*0919!H
ireate custom greetings for any occasion; Birthdays, Anniversaries, Holidays, etc. The program can
be used to make custom Thank-You, Invitations, Get -Well cards and Announcements! Easy to use and
includes a library of pre - drawn Hi-Res graphics. Includes a screen & font editor. 32K DISK $24.95
COCO VIDEO TITLER
Start your VCR tapes with dazzling title frames followed by professional countdown to black fade-
outs! Use a title page editor with several sizes of text & bac_k flrQund colors I 32K TAPE $19.95
PENPAL.
It's here! CoCo's answer to 1-2-3 ! PENPAL combines Word Processing, Communications, Graphics,
Data Base & Spread-sheet into a single integrated software package! 64 K DISK INTRO PRIC E $69.95
64K DISK UTILITY PACKAGE
Take advantage of an expanded 64K machine. Make an additional 8K of RAM available by relocating
the Ext Basic ROM from $8000 to fD800 . Copy ROMPAKS to disk (even protected " PAKS) and create
a 32K SPOOL buffer for printing. DISK $24.95 (see July '83 Rainbow Review) :
TAPE /DISK UTILITY
A powerful package that transfers tape to disk and disk to tape automatically. Does an automatic
copy of an entire disk of programs to tape. Ideal for Rainbow On Tape to disk. Also copies tape to
tape & prints tape & disk directories. TAPE/DISK $24.95 (see Sept f 83 Rainbow Review)
SUPER DUPER UTILITIES
Finally! At last! A "SUPER DUPER" utility software package all rolled up into ONE!!! Includes such
great utilities as: CoCo Disk Zap, Disk Encryption, Disk Mailing List, EZ Disk Master, Graphics
ZOOM, Banner Creator, Function KEYS, Super INPUT/LINEINPUT, Basic Program PACKER, Alpha
Directory, Basic SEARCH and much, much more!!! 32K DISK $29.95 (see June '86 Rainbow Review)
COCO CALENDAR
Get organized for '86 TODAY with the Co Co Calendar! Designed for recording the entire year f s
occassions and daily appointments so you can plan ahead. You can store HUNDREDS of entries and
our GRAPHIC Calendar will show all MEMOS! 32K DISK $19.95 (see Mar '86 Rainbow Review)
THE OS-9 SOLUTION
NOW, a program that creates a " USER FRIENDLY" environment within OS-9! The OS-9 SOLUTION
replaces 19 of the old " USER HOSTILE" commands with single keystroke, menu driven commands. No
more typing in complex long pathnames or remembering complicated syntaxes! Set all XMODE
parameters at the touch of keys!J$99s95TNew LOW price!!! $24.95 (see Sept '85 Rainbow Review)
COCO-UTIL
Now you can have the power to easily transfer Radio Shack Color Computer disk files to your MS-
DOS machine - including the Tandy 1000 & JBM PC!!! You can also transfer MS-DOS files to your
CoCo disk, even format CoCo disks! CoCo-Util will save you countless hours of retyping ! No need to
move your computer or printer anymore! Requires 128K MS-DOS computer w/2 disk drives - $29.95
FTWARE BONANZA PACKAGE
;rsate an instant library of Spectrum Projects TOP Colorful Utility software. Select any of the
following 12 programs to customize your own SPECTACULAR SOFTWARE BONANZA! CoCo Checker,
Multi-Pak Crak, CoCo Screen Dump, Disk Utility 2,1, Spectrum Font Generator, Tape/Disk Utility,
Fast Dupe II, 64K Disk Utility, Spectrum DOS, CoCo Calendar, Schematic Drafting Processor, OS-9
Solution, Graphicom, EZ Base or Blackjack Royale (a $300 plus value) for only $99.95!!!
FRANK HOGG S O-PAK
A H'-Res Screen & Utilities package for QS-9 users! Use one of the available Hi-Res character sets
(42X24, 64X19, 85X24, etc.) or create your own. Mix ; graphjc_s with text on a screen with unlimited
fJexiWty, Copy files between OS-9 and Radio Shack DOS. 64K~DISK $39.95
All orders plus $3 S/H (Foreign $5)
COD add $2 extra
NYS Residents add Sales Tax
COD ORDER LINE 718-835-1344
SPECTRUM PROJECTS I IMC
WOQDHAVE IM IMY 11421
Vr mi
100 .
240 .
530 .
1010
END
247
.96
162
154
239
The listing: SCRAMBLE
10 CLS : PCLEAR8 : DIM A(32 , 24) ,ST$ (
16) :B=16:A=16:GOSUB510
20 INPUT "PICTURE FOR PUZZLE" ;F$
30 INPUT"DRIVE";D$
40 F$=F$+":"+D$
50 LOADM F$
51 LINE (0,0) -(255,5) , PRESET, BF: L
INE (0,186) -(255,191) , PRESET, BF:L
INE (0,0) -(5, 191) , PRESET, BF:LINE(
250,0)-(255,191) , PRESET, BF
52 FOR C=1T04
53 PCOPY C TO C+4
54 NEXTC
60 CLS0: PRINT© 130, "PLEASE WAIT";
65 PM0DE4,1:SCREEN1,1
70 LINE (189, 141) -(252,188) ,PSET,
BF
80 FORS=1TO40
90 Z=RND (LEN (ST$ (B) ) )
100 IF Z/2=INT(Z/2) THEN Z=Z+1
llj3 IF Z>LEN(ST$(B) ) THEN Z=Z-2
120 A=VAL(MID$(ST$(B) ,Z,2) )
125 IF A=CK THEN 90
130 GOSUB310
140 NEXTS
150 PMODE4 , 1 : SCREEN1 , 1
155 A=B
160 A$=INKEY$:IF A$="" THEN 160
110 IF A$=CHR$(94) THEN A=A+4:GO
TO220
180 IF A$=CHR$(10) THEN A=A-4:GO
TO220
190 IF A$=CHR$(9) THEN A=A-l:GO
T022p
200 IF A$=CHR$(8) THEN A=A+l:GO
T022J3
210 IF A$=CHR$(32) THEN GOTO2000
220 IF A>16 OR K<0 THEN 250
221 FOR C=l TO LEN (ST$ (A) ) STEP2
222 V$=MID$(ST$(A) ,C,2)
230 IF VAL(V$)=B THEN GOSUB 310:
GOTO150
240 NEXTC
250 SOUND40,4:A=B:GOTO150
310 Q=A: GOSUB 1000
315 X1=D: Y1=E
325 Q=B:GOSUB1000
326 A1=D:B1=E
330 GET (Xl / Yl)-(Xl+63,Yl+47) ,A,
G
340 PUT (Al,Bl)-(Al+63,Bl+47) ,A,
PSET
350 LINE(Xl,Yl)-(Xl+63,Yl+47) , PS
ET, BF
3 60 CK=B : B=A
370 RETURN
510 ST$(1)="0205"
520 ST$(2)="010306"
530 ST$(3)=»020407"
540 ST$(4)="0308"
550 ST$ (5) ="010609"
560 ST$(6)="02050710"
570 ST$(7)="03060811"
580 ST$(8)="040712"
590 ST$(9)="051013"
600 ST$ (10) ="06091114"
610 ST$ (11) ="07101215"
620 ST$ (12) ="081116"
630 ST$(13)="0914"
640 ST$(14)="101315"
650 ST$ (15) ="111416"
660 ST$(16)="1215"
670 RETURN
1000 ON Q GOTO 1010,1020,1030,10
40,1050,1060,1070,1080,1090,1100
,1110,1120,1130,1140,1150,1160
1010 D=0 : E=0 : RETURN
1020 D=63:E=0: RETURN
1030 D=12 6 :E=0: RETURN
1040 D=189:E=0: RETURN
1050 D=0:E=47: RETURN
1060 D=63:E=47: RETURN
1070 D=12 6 :E=47: RETURN
1080 D=189:E=47: RETURN
1090 D=0:E=94: RETURN
1100 D=63 : E=94 : RETURN
1110 D=12 6 :E=94: RETURN
1120 D=189:E=9 4: RETURN
1130 D=0:E=141: RETURN
1140 D=63:E=141: RETURN
1150 D=12 6 :E=141: RETURN
1160 D=18 9 :E=141: RETURN
2000 PM0DE4,5:SCREEN1,1
2010 A$=INKEY$:IF A$="" THEN 201
IS
2015 PMODE4 , 1 : SCREEN1 , 1
2020 GOTO150
fib
112 THE RAINBOW September 1986
HOW DO YOO TOTE A RAINBOW?
It's simple — Give a RAINBOW gift certificate . . .
Let a gift subscription to the
rainbow carry the premier Color
Computer magazine right to
your friends' doorsteps, the
rainbow is the information
source fortheTandy Color Com-
puter.
Each month, your friends will
enjoy the intelligent programs,
reviews and articles written ex-
clusively for their CoCo.
First, your gift will be an-
nounced in a handsome card.
Then, all year round, they'll re-
member you and your thought-
fulness when they get each edi-
tion of the rainbow — over 250
pages loaded with as many as 24
programs, 15 regular columns
and lots of helpful hints and tips.
Generosity benefits the giver,
too. There'll be no more search-
ing for lost copies of the rain-
bow. Your collection will be safe
at home.
Give a rainbow gift certificate
and let your friends in on the fun.
the rainbow is the perfect com-
panion for the Color Computer!
Please begin a one-year (12 issues) gift subscription to
THE RAINBOW for:
Name
Address
City State ZIP
From:
Name
Address
City State ZIP
□ My payment is enclosed
Bill to: □ VISA □ MasterCard □ American Express
Acct. # Exp. date
Signature
Mail to:
Rainbow Gift Certificate, The Falsoft Building, P.O. Box 385, Prospect,
KY 40059
For credit card orders call (800) 847-0309, 8 a.m. to 5 p.m. EST.
All other inquiries call (502) 228-4492.
Subscriptions to the rainbow are $31 in the United States; U.S. $38 in Canada. The surface rate
to other countries is U.S. $68; the air rate, U.S. $103. Kentucky residents add 5% sales tax. U.S.
currency only, please. All subscriptions begin with the current issue. Please allow 6 to 8 weeks for
delivery. In order to hold down non-editorial costs, we do not bill.
WE'RE BRINGING THE COCO
RAINBOW'S
BROADENING ITS
SPECTRUM
the rainbow and the Delphi Infor-
mation Utility have joined together
to allow CoCo owners all over the
world to connect with one another!
Delphi is a full-service information
utility. It offers everything from up-
to-the-minute news stories from The
Associated Press to electronic mail
services. But, best of all, it now has
a special forum for Color Computer
owners, and it's operated by the
people who bring you the rainbow
each month.
The CoCo Special Interest Group
(SIG) features a variety of services,
including an open forum where you
can send and receive messages
from Color Computer owners all
over the world. It also has several
databases to which you can upload
your favorite programs and from
which you can download programs
written by other CoCo enthusiasts.
Some of these databases are basic
programming, OS-9 and home ap-
plications.
When setting up your account
with Delphi, if you do not have a
credit card or prefer not to use it,
Delphi requires that you send $20 to
give your account a positive bal-
ance. This will be refunded after
your first free hour if you choose to
no longer use the system or it will
be applied to future connect
charges.
PEEK INTO THE
RAINBOW
The CoCo SIG's conference feature
allows you to meet electronically
with other members of the CoCo
Community. You can join conferen-
ces with notables such as Dale
Puckett, Cray Augsburg, Marty
Goodman, Don Hutchison, Jim
Reed, Lonnie Falk and others —
on a regular basis. Conference
schedules will appear in the rain-
bow each month. Be sure to check
online announcements for changes
and additions.
THE OTHER SIDE
OF THE RAINBOW
On Delphi, you also are able to buy
rainbow on tape — order a whole
set, or download an individual pro-
gram immediately. You can also
renew your rainbow subscription,
make a fast and easy order for soft-
ware or hardware from a multitude
of vendors, or inquire about prod-
ucts on the CoCo SIG.
We also have a number of programs
that you can download and use, just
for the cost of the time you spend
transferring them. There'll also be
corrections for rainbow articles,
helpful hints and many other useful
features.
Between now and August 31st, take
advantage of our "Late Rates." This
summer discount applies between 2
a.m. system time (EDT) and 7 a.m.
local node time.
FREE LIFETIME
MEMBERSHIP
the rainbow is offering subscribers
a free lifetime subscription to Delphi
— a $24.95 value — and a free hour
of connect time — a $7.20 value at
either 300, 1200 or 2400 Baud — so
you can sample Delphi and the rain-
bow CoCo SIG. That's right. Your
subscription to the rainbow entitles
you to this $32.15 value as a free
bonus!
If you're not a rainbow subscriber,
just enter your order when you sign
on with Delphi and you'll get the
same great deal! For our $31 sub-
scription fee, you'll get the finest
Color Computer magazine ever, a
free lifetime subscription to Delphi
and a free hour of connect time.
SAVE EVEN MORE
Want to save even more? While
you're online you can order, for only
$29.95, a deluxe package which in-
cludes the Delphi membership, the
Delphi Handbook and Command
Card ($21.95) and a total of three
hours of connect time ($21.60).
Delphi provides us all with Imme-
diate CoCo Community. Check it
out today. After all, you can sample
it for free!
Problems? Call Delphi:
(800) 544-4005
(617) 491-3393
DELPH I
TYPE:
GROUP COCO
How to reach RAINBOW'S Color Computer SIG . . .
There are several ways to connect to Delphi and THE
rainbow's CoCo SIG, In most cities you will not even have
to pay long distance charges; you can use special data
communications networks like Unmet, Tymnet and the
Canadian Datapac network.
First, set your terminal program to operate at either 300
or 1200 Baud (depending on the modem you have), and
also select either 7 bits with even parity or 8 bits with no
parity, and one stop bit. (If one combination doesn't work,
try another.)
Decide which network you should use. There is no
surcharge for Uninet or Tymnet. Canadian residents using
Datapac will be charged an additional $12 (U.S.) per hour.
On Uninet: Call (800) 821-5340 to get the Uninet number
for your area. After you call the appropriate number for
your own area and make connection, you'll see a prompt
of "L?" Press ENTER, the period key (.) and ENTER again.
At the "service:" prompt, type GVC (for General Videotex
Corporation) and enter.
On Tymnet: Call (800) 336-0149 to get the Tymnet
number for your area. After you dial your designated
number and connect, you will see either "garbage" or a
message saying "please type your terminal identifier." At
this point, even if the screen is garbled, simply press 'A*.
When "please log in:" appears, type DELPHI and press
ENTER.
From Canada (on Datapac): Call Delphi Customer
Service at (617) 491-3393 to get the Datapac number for
your area. After you connect, press the period key (.) and
ENTER (use two periods if you're using 1200 Baud). Type
SET 2:1, 3:126 and press ENTER. Now type p 1 3106,
DELPHI ; and press enter. Delphi's new rates indicate an
additional $12 hourly surcharge for evening use of
Datapac, which means a total of $18 (U.S.) for connect
time.
From other countries: Many countries have their own
data networks that can connect to either Uninet or Tymnet.
Check with the telephone authorities in your country for
details on how to sign up for this service. When you have
an account set up, you can reach Delphi with a "host code"
of 312561703088 through Uninet, or 310600601500
through Tymnet. (YouH have to pay the toll charges for
this connection.)
Type in Your User name
If you're already a subscriber to the rainbow, at the
"USERNAME:" prompt, type RfllNBOWSUB and press
ENTER. At the "PASSWORD:" prompt, type your individ-
ual subscription number from the mailing label of your
latest issue of THE RAINBOW. (If there are one or more zeros
at the beginning of this number, include them.)
If you don't already have a subscription, at the "USER-
NAME:" prompt, type RfllNBOWORDER and press ENTER.
At the "PASSWORD:" prompt, type 5ENDSUB and press
ENTER. Have your MasterCard, VISA or American
Express card ready, because you'll be led through a series
of questions that will enable us to put your rainbow and
Delphi subscriptions into effect. In an effort to hold down
non-editorial costs, we do not bill for subscriptions.
If you make a typing error, just press ENTER and start
over. Remember that at any point, when you're on Delphi,
you can type HELP to get help on how to use the system.
To get off the system just type BYE.
If you find that you're unable to log on to Delphi and
enter the CoCo SIG after following these instructions, call
us during afternoon business hours at (502) 228-4492. Well
be glad to offer assistance.
Come Visit Us! Type: GROUP COCO
After you sign in, you'll be prompted to set up your own,
personal "user name" — Delphi is a friendly service, no
numbers to remember — and youH be asked a number
of questions so Delphi can set up your account. You'll also
be assigned a temporary password. No time is assessed
against your free hour of service while you answer these
questions.
Delphi will tell you that your account will be ready after
6 p.m. the same day if you sign up before noon (Eastern
time zone.) If not, your account will be ready at 6 p.m.
the next day. Once an account is opened, each rainbow
subscriber will be credited with an hour of free time!
When you log back in, use your chosen username and
your temporary password to access the system. At that
point, you will meet Max, who will help you configure
things and will change your temporary password into
your own personal password. This is the password you
will use for subsequent sessions or until you change it.
After Max bids you goodbye, you'll wind up at the
Delphi Main Menu; type in GROUP COCO and join us on
the CoCo SIG!
DISK UTILITY
A modification for VIP Writer
By Ian Millard
¥TT 7 have all heard the talk
about enhanced word
T T processors for the CoCo.
At my company, Duck Productions, we
use Vip Writer to produce the prelimi-
nary phases of design, charting and
documentation for our utility pro-
grams. I want to compliment VIP Tech-
nologies on the simplicity and full-
featured quality they have developed in
this application software. As consu-
mers, we have not found any short suits
during the everyday marathon usage we
have.
However, we are not average users
either, since we answered the only
negative aspect of Writer long ago. We
know the value in modifying start-up
parameter defaults (e.g., page formats,
tabs and printer codes) to avoid repet-
Ian Millard is the president of Duck
Productions, a computer products
company new to the Co Co Community.
His previous responsibilities have been
dedicated to electronic and computer-
ized medical equipment systems for use
in hospital operating rooms throughout
southern Ontario,
itive keying of the same things. We use
three printers, all using different Baud
rates, and each operation works to
different page/ tab parameters. We
answered this need with a utility to
modify a separate VIP Writer for each
document application.
As a new company, Duck Produc-
tions would like to present this VIP
Writer utility modification to all CoCo
users.
Writer Zap is a disk zap dedicated to
the mission of defining your own (47)
defaults in VIP Writer. Operation is
prompted for ease of use. We recom-
mend you back up a fresh copy of VIP
Writer for the modification. (Do not
modify the original VIP/Softlaw disk
or material.)
Type in Writer Zap and run. You may
want to get out the printer manual in
advance, or think about the margins
and other defaults you are able to
change. Writer Zap automatically looks
for and modifies either VIP Writer
alone or the Desktop Writer version.
Writer Zap is error trapped and will not
modify any disk other than VIP Writer
or Desktop.
Writer Zap provides the current
memory value for tab positions, print
format parameters and printer codes
with each prompted option for default
change. If no change is desired, a simple
carriage return (ENTER) leaves the value
unchanged.
Note: Printer control codes are usu-
ally preceded by an escape code (e.g., 27
as in 27; 10); however, some codes, like
underline codes, are not. VIP Writer
has provided the (CLEAR) three or four
positions for such solo codes. As a
result, these two positions do not lend
themselves to change as they will not
accept the two-digit escape code needed
by most other printer functions.
By the way, during the course of
running this program, it will also mod-
ify your VIP Writer disk to auto-boot
by typing the BASIC command DOS. You
only receive this little extra when Writer
Zap determines there is enough disk
space to accommodate the function.
There is not enough space to do this
with Desktop.
We hope this utility gives you many
hours of enjoyment in what you don't
have to do, Happy computing! □
THE RAINBOW September 1966
The listing: WRITRZflP
130
330
169
168
440
250
540 235
END 169
T
10 CLEAR 2000:DIM FP$ (27) : VERIFY
ON
20 FOR A=1T027:READ FP$(A):NEXTA
30 FOR A=3584 TO 3652:READ B:POK
E A, B: NEXT A:EXEC&HE00
40 PRINT©160," VERIFY FUNCTION
ON [Y/N]":EXEC4453 9:A$=INKEY$
:IF A$="N" .THEN V$="N" ELSE IF A
$<>»Y" THEN 40
50 PRINT© 2 5 6," INSERT THE SUB J
ECT DISK IN DRIVE 0 AND P
RESS ENTER"
60 EXEC44539:IF INKEY$<>CHR$ (13)
THEN 60
70 FOR C=3 TO 5:DSKI$0,17,C,A$,B
$ : A$=A$+LEFT$ ( B$ , 12 6 )
80 FOR D=l TO 254 STEP 32
90 IF MID$ (A$,D, 6)=" WRITER" THEN
A=2 : B=3 : GOSUB 540: GOTO 120
100 IF MID$(A$,D, 7)=" DESKTOP" TH
EN A=8:B=6:GOTO 120
110 NEXT D:NEXT C : PRINT© 384 , "
NO VIP WRITER ON THIS DISK": END
120 CLS: PRINT© 35, "PART ONE - TA
BS -"
130 DSKI$0 / A,B,A$,B$:POKE65344 / 0
:E=58
140 IF MID$(B$,57,3)O"[D0" THEN
PRINT@384," INCOMPATIBLE V
ERSION" :END
150 FOR C=95 TO 104 : E=E+32 : PRINT
"#"C-94"IS NOW"ASC(MID$(B$,C,l) )
;: INPUT" NEW VALUE" ;D
160 IF D=0 THEN PRINT@E , ASC (MID$
(B$,C,1) ) :GOTO 180
170 MID$(B$,C,1)=CHR$(D)
180 NEXT C
190 GOSUB 530: IF AN$="N" THEN130
200 DSKO$0,A,B,A$,B$
210 CLS:T$="PART 2 - PRINTER CON
TROL CODES" : PRINT© 33, T$
220 DSKI$0,A,B,A$,B$:POKE5344,0
230 C$=B$:C=126:D$="1": GOSUB 340
240 DSKO$0,A,B,A$,C$:B=B-1
250 DSKI$0 / A / B / A$,B$:POKE65344 / 0
260 C$=A$:C=1:D$="2": GOSUB 340
270 C=8:D$="5": GOSUB 340
280
290
300
310
C=ll
C=14
C=17
C=20
320 C=23
D$="6"
D$="7"
D$="8"
D$="9"
D$=":"
GOSUB 340
GOSUB 340
GOSUB 340
GOSUB 340
GOSUB 340
330 DSKO$0,A,B,C$,B$:GOTO 420
340 CLS:PRINT@33,T$:E=ASC(MID$(C
$,C,1)) :F=ASC(MID$(C$,C+1,1))
350 PRINT@132, "<CLEAR> "D$
360 PRINT@192, "ESCAPE CODE IS"E;
: INPUT" NEW CODE", *G: IF G=0 THEN
G=E
370 PRINT@220,G:PRINT@256, "CONTR
OL CODE ="F; : INPUT" NEW CODE";H:
IF H=0 THEN H=F
380 PRINT@284 / H: GOSUB 530: IF AN$
="N" THEN 350
390 MID$(C$,C,1)=CHR$(G) :MID$(C$
,C+1,1)=CHR$(H) :RETURN
400 DATA AL^S^DfBL/BMjBS^L^S
,HL,HS , IP, JU, LF, LM, LS
410 DATA NL f NP f PA,PC,PG,PH f PL, PN
,PP,RM,TM,WD
420 CLS:T$="PRINTER FORMAT CODES
":PRINT@38,T$
430 A=A+3:DSKI$0,A,B,A$,B$:POKE6
5344,0
440 P=0:FOR C=37 TO 64: IF C=59 T
HEN 510
450 P=P+1:D=ASC(MID$(B$,C,1) ) : IF
D<191 THEN D$=RIGHT$ (STR$ (D) , LE
N(STR$(D) )-l) :GOTO 470
460 D=D-128:D$=CHR$(D)
470 PRINT© 12 8, "CODE "FP$(P)" NOW
="D$; : INPUT" CHANGE TO" ;E$ :TF
E$="" THEN E$=D$
480 GOSUB 530: IF AN$="N" THEN 47
490 E=VAL(E$):IF E=0 THEN E=ASC(
E$):IF E>64 THEN E=E+128 ELSE E=
E-48
500 MID$(B$,C,1)=CHR$(E)
510 NEXT C
520 DSKO$0,A,B',A$,B$:POKE65344,0
: CLS : PRINT" FINISHED" : END
530 IF V$="N" THEN RETURN ELSE P
RINT@485,"IS THIS CORRECT [Y/N]
",* :EXEC44539:AN$=INKEY$:IF AN$<>
"Y" AND AN$<>"N" THEN 530 ELSE R
ETURN
540 DSKI$0,17,2,A$,B$:IF MID$ (A$
,67,1)=CHR$(255) THEN MID$(A$,67
,1)=CHR$(193) ELSE RETURN
550 DSKO$0, 17,2, A$,B$:DSKI$0, 2,1
,A$,B$
560'mID$(A$,1,5)="OS"+CHR$(0)+CH
R$ (0) +CHR$ ( 18 ) : DSKO$0 , 3 4 , 1 , A$ , B$
: RETURN
570 DATA 198,32,189,169,42,142,4
,42,49,141,0,2 3, 141, 2,32,13,166,
160,129,64,38,1,57,128
580 DATA 64,167,128,32,243,142,4
,101,141,238,57,87,82,73,84,69,8
2,96,90,65,80,64,70,82
590 DATA 79,77,96,68,85,67,75,96
,80,82,79,68,85,67,84,73,79,78,8
3,64,18
TM
Coco
oJ
LEGE
FILE EDIT HIDI HISC
All Voices On
Tine Signature
Key Signature
Tenpo
Reset block
EJ
ic YOU ^
Sg8 gS^""*
FILE EDIT MIDI MISC
Block delete
| Block copy
IA
LEGEND
00110
use pS
LYRA is the most powerful music composition program we have seen on
any computer. We don't mean just the COCO, we really mean any com-
puter. Whether you are a novice trying to learn music or a professional
musician with MIDI equipment you will find LYRA a powerful tool. You
see, we wrote LYRA for musicians that hate computers. If you want proof,
purchase a LYRA demo for $7.95. We will apply the demo price to your
purchase. MIDI output requires the LYRA MIDI cable (#MC158) or COCO
MIDI Seq/Editor (#CM147).
Ultra Easy to use, just point with joystick or
mouse and click.
Compose with up to 8 completely
independent voices.
Room for over 18,000 notes. (This is not
misprint!)
Super Simple Editing Supports:
Note insert
Note delete
Note change
Output music to:
TV Speaker
STEREO PAK
SYMPHONY 12
MIDI Synth
Block insert
Block delete
Block copy
Monitor Speaker
ORCHESTRA 90
COCO MIDI S/E
MID! Drum Machine
Output up to 4 voices without additional
hardware.
* Output all 8 voices using either SYMPHONY
12 or one or more MIDI synthesizers and
drum machines.
^ Output any voice on any of the 16 MIDI
channels.
Transpose music to any key.
Modify music to any tempo.
Automatically inserts bar for each measure
as you compose.
Key signature lets you specify sharps and
flats only once, LYRA will do the rest.
Plays MUSICA 2 files using LYRA CONVERT
(#LC164).
Each voice may be visually highlighted or
erased,
^* Each measure is numbered for easy
reading.
LYRA OPTIONS -
Solo capability
Block edits are highlighted.
Tie notes together for musical continuity.
Name of note pointed to is constantly
displayed.
Jump to any point in the score
instantaneously.
Memory remaining clearly displayed,
however you will have plenty of memory
even for the most demanding piece.
Help menu makes manual virtually
unnecessary.
LYRA is 100% software, no need for extra
hardware unless you want more power.
Music easily saved to tape or disk.
Requires 64K and mouse or joystick.
LYRA (Disk Only) #LY122 $54.95
These LYRA options are not required. They are provided for those wishing additional flexibility.
LYRA CONVERT
A program to convert MUSICA 2 files to LYRA
files.
(T or D) #LC164 $14.95
LYRA STEREO ENHANCER
Gives the LYRA stereo output when used with
the STEREO PAK or ORCHESTRA 90.
(T or D) #LS149 $14.95
LYRA MIDI CABLE
A cable to connect your computer to your MIDI
synthesizer.
#MC158 $14.95
We accept CASH, CHECK, COD, VISA and MASTER CARD orders.
Shipping and handling US and Canada $3.00
Shipping and handling outside the US and Canada $5.00
COD Charge , $2.00
Illinois residents add 6'A% sales tax.
LYRA SYMPHONY 12 ENHANCER
Lets LYRA play all 8 voices through SYMPHONY
12.
(T or D) #LS1 77 $19.95
STEREO PAK
Plugs into the COCO ROM cartridge slot allow-
ing easy connection to your stereo system.
#SP193 $39.95
SYMPHONY 12
A real hardware music synthesizer, lets LYRA
play all 8 voices in stereo.
(T or D) #SY149 $69.95
fx £ui.t i
COCO MID Seq/Editor
A professional quality MIDI interface for MIDI
synthesizers.
(Disk only) #CM147 $149.95
MUSIC LIBRARY
A collection of over 800 songs. When used with
CONVERT, it gives an incredible LYRA library.
Each volume 100 songs.
(T or D) #MLXXX $29.95
COCO MAX is a trademark of Colorwave.
ORCHESTRA 90 is a trademark of Radio Shack.
38W255 DEERPATH ROAD
COCO MIDI
SEQUENCER/EDITOR
Mow your COCO can talk to your MIDI music synthesizer. Whether
/ou have a Korg, Roland, Casio, Yamaha, or Moog, it doesn't
matter as long as it's MIDI equipped. Choose from our entry level
MUSICA MIDI system that plays MUSICA files or our Professional
COCO MIDI SYSTEM.
• Supports up to 16 tracks.
• Up to 8000 events per track.
• May be used as a sequencer.
• User friendly graphics 'display.
• Menu driven.
• Metronome available.
• Real time recording.
• Save your masterpiece to disk.
r\\vw»y» , » , . , .Ti
i yy> .y.v.v .u 1
Playback any or all tracks at any tempo.
Tracks may be deleted, copied, transposed, or mixed.
Filter out unwanted channel or type of MIDI data.
• Tempo may be modified.
• Quantizing to 32nd or 64th.
• Simple music editing.
• Requires 64K disk system.
• Transposition.
Comes complete with Rom Pak
Hardware interface, cables,
manual, and software. Requires
Y-Cable or Multi-Pak.
Disk only. #CM147 . . . $149.95
MUSICA MIDI
TM
MUSICA MIDI takes any MUSICA 2 music file and plays it through
your MIDI synthesizer. We offer you over 800 tunes from our
MUSIC LIBRARY series {sold separately) or create your own music
using MUSICA 2. Includes: documentation, plenty of music, and
the cable to connect between the COCO and your synthesizer.
Tape or Disk. #CM126 $39.95
DX-7 LIBRARIAN
TM
RAM cartridges for the Yamaha DX-7 aren't cheap and don't hold
all the sounds you would like. The DX-7 LIBRARIAN is a program
that when used with COCO MIDI, lets you save and load any
number of sounds. Save sounds individually or as a group letting
you load the DX-7 in seconds.
Disk only. #DX143 $29.95
MIDI KEYBOARD
If you own the Casio CZ-101 or similar MIDI synth, you know
that the mini keys and the short 3 or 4 octave keyboard is limiting.
MIDI KEYBOARD when used with our full size 5 octave keyboard
gives you the flexibility you need. Comes with cable to connect
the COCO to your MIDI synth.
#MK167 $29.95
MUSICA TO COCO MIDI
This program is for COCO MIDI users that wish to convert MUSICA synths to our MUSIC LIBRARY and much public domain music,
files so they can be played by COCO MIDI. It opens your MIDI Disk only. #MC193 $29.95
MUSIC LIBRARY
TM
The MUSIC LIBRARY series consists of 8 volumes: 100 through
800 each sold separately. Each contains over 100 four voice music
selections with a playing time of over 3 hours each. The disk
version is shipped on 5 full disks. When coupled with STEREO
PAK, the music is reproduced with unsurpassed realism.
A JUKEBOX program is included to allow you to select specific
songs or automatically play each. These songs are ready to go,
you don't need MUSICA 2 or a knowledge of music. MUSICA 2
users may customize each song. Each volume sold separately,
specify tape or disk. #MLXXX $29.95
List of 800 songs #LS800 $3.00
MUSIC LIBRARY 100
Stage, Screen, & TV
Music of the 70's
Music of the 60's
Music of the 50's
Old Time Favorites
MUSIC LIBRARY 200
MUSIC LIBRARY 300
MUSIC LIBRARY 400
MUSIC LIBRARY 500
MUSIC LIBRARY 600
MUSIC LIBRARY 700
MUSIC LIBRARY 800
Classical
Christmas (popular)
Christmas (traditional)
Patriotic
Polka Party
(another 100 selections)
(another 100 selections)
(another 100 selections)
(another 100 selections)
(another 100 selections)
(another 100 selections)
(another 100 selections)
Entire Library
30 Hours of
Music!
40 disks
or
25 tapes
TM
M
SYMPHONY 12
.O
FILE EDIT MIDI HISC
LEGEND QB
P ft I*
01)01
B2
i
» -al —
-a
i
sP|2jfrioN
o
8J
^^«>l»^ir(ii^\Ci*Wi : iiii..'i«>ti-iii)tyii : n<
If you want to compose music, experiment, or STEREO AND MONO. By connecting SYM- PIANO KEYBOARD. For those wishing to turn
just listen to music, LYRA is the tool you need. PHONY 12 to your home stereo system, music is SYMPHONY 12 into a real polyphonic synthe-
LYRA represents the new state-of-the-art super produced in stereo, 6 voices from each channel. sizer we offer a full size 61 note piano
user friendly software. Pull down menus and However, you don't need to have a stereo system, keyboard.
icons make composing music as easy as pointing all 12 voices also come out of your TV or monitor. T users us| boih SYMPHONY 12 and the
^^XZI^S^.^ SOUND EFFECTS. SYMPHONY 12 is a sophisti- PIANO KEYBOARD will require a Y-CABLE
may take advantage of the 8 voice power of « ted s ° und 8 enerator - l 2 u vo.ces and 4 no,se D sk systems require a Tnple Y-CABLE or
LYRA using external MIDI synthesizers or SYM- S e , nera '° rs 8 lve X 0 " incredible sound effect capa- ^LTI-PAK
PHONY 12. We believe that LYRA and SYM- b.l.ty. We have included gun shot, explosion, rac- ESfSJ^J % °» * S ^l R ' ' $69 - 95
PHONY 12 was a match made in heaven. For a mg car and more. LYRA^SYMPHONY 12 ENHANCER ^
limited time when you Purchase both we : will SYMPHONY 12. You get over a dozen music and PIANO KEYBOARD #PK1 85 $169195
include free the LYRA SYMPHONY 12 CONNEC- sound effect se | ections and comp | ete documenta- DOUBLE Y-CABLE #DY181 $28.95
TION, a $19.95 value. tion software is shipped on Tape or Disk. TRIPLE Y-CABLE #TY173 $34.95
GUITAR CHORD BOOK
This program, written by a guitar instructor of 17 years, displays in high Whether you are a beginning guitar student or an advanced player, you
resolution graphrcs the exact fingering for over 100,000 chord combina- will find this quick reference to guitar chords invaluable.
tions. You may even tune your guitar to the computer and play along. 32K Disk only #GC153 $29.95
MUSIC THEORY
COURSE 1 COURSE 2
This course covers all the basics from music notation & duration, key A more advanced course that deals with: Major and Harmonic Minor
signatures, tempo, to an introduction of the keyboard. This is an entry scales, interval spelling, Triad (Chord) theory, Inversions, Dominant 7th
level course recommended as a prerequisite for Course 2. chords, and ear training of the intervals.
32K Disk only. #MT101 $49.95 32K Disk only #MT102 $49.95
EARS
TM
Electronic
Audio
Recognition
System
$99.95
*3 ■ 11D
• SPEECH
RECOGNITION
• HANDS OFF
PROGRAMMING
•HIGH
QUALITY
SPEECH
REPRODUCTION
EARS Does It All!
0&>
Two Years In the Making. Speech Systems
was formed to develop new and innova-
tive speech products. After 2 years of in-
tensive Research and Development, we
have created a truely sophisticated
speech recognition device. Recognition
rates from 95% to 98% are typical. Until
now, such a product was outside the
price range of the personnel computer
market, and even small businesses.
EARS is trained by your voice and capable
of recognizing any word or phrase.
Training EARS to your particular voice
print takes seconds. Up to 64 voice prints
may be loaded into memory. You may
then save on tape or disk as many as you
like so that your total vocabulary is virtu-
ally infinite.
Speech and Sound Recognition. EARS is re-
ally a sound recognition system, so it re-
ally doesn't matter whether you speak in
English, Spanish, or French. In fact you do
not have to speak at all, you can train
EARS to understand sounds such as a
musical note or a door slamming.
Hands Off Programming. Imagine writing
your own BASIC programs without ever
touching the keyboard. Everything that
you would normally do through a
keyboard can now be done by just
speaking.
Programming EARS Is Easy. LISTEN,
MATCH and other commands have been
added to BASIC so that programming
EARS is a piece of cake! The single BASIC
line: 10 LISTEN: MATCH will instruct
EARS to listen to you and return the
matching phrase.
It Talks. EARS is also capable of high qual-
ity speech. We mean REALLY high quality.
The speech is a fixed vocabulary spoken
by a professional announcer. Speech
Systems is currently creating a library of
thousands of high quality words and
phrases. For a demonstration call (312)
879-6844, you won't believe your ears or
our EARS.
DISK OWNERS. EARS will work with any
disk system with either a MULTI-PAK or
Y-CABLE. Our new Triple Y-CABLE was
specifically developed for those wishing
to add SUPER VOICE as a third device.
You Get Everything You Need. You get ev-
erything you need including a specially
designed professional headset style noise
cancelling microphone. The manual is
easy to use and understand. Several
demonstration examples are included so
you don't have to write your own pro-
grams unless you want to. EARS will work
in any 32K or 64K Color Computer.
SUPER VOICE $20 OFF
Imagine talking to your computer and it
talking back to you. When you need an
unlimited vocabulary, you can't beat
SUPER VOICE. For a limited time, we will
give you the SUPER VOICE for $59.95 with
your EARS purchase. Even if you already
have another speech unit, here is your
chance to buy the best and save $20.
VOICE CONTROL
Applications for EARS are astounding.
Here is our first of many listening pro-
grams to come. VOICE CONTROL is a
program specifically designed to allow
you to control any appliance in your
house with your voice and our HOME
COMMANDER (sold separately) or the
Radio Shack Plug 'NT Power controller.
For example, you can control your TV by
saying "TV ON" or "TV OFF". . $24.95
Dealer Inquiries
Invited
-/A
We accept CASH, CHECK, COD, VISA and MASTER CARD orders.
Shipping and handling US and Canada $3.00
Shipping and handling outside the US and Canada $5.00
COD charge $2.00
Illinois residents add 6V4% sales tax
Speech Sifstemd
38W255 DEERPATH ROAD
BATAVIA, ILLINOIS 60510
(312) 879-6880 (TO ORDER)
Beyond
Charles Farris
Utilizing the abilities of CoCo Max,
Charles takes us into another world of
dimensional arrays. Charles created
this while serving in the United States
Air Force.
p
R
I
t
P
R
I
Z
I
Oratory
Michel Gravel
From Sherbrooke, Ontario, Michel
commences the gallery with this illus-
tration of divinely inspired architecture
created with basic.
P
R
1
Z
E
Truck
Stephen Brink
Truckin' on for third prize from St. Paul
Minnesota is Stephen's conception of
"CoCo Cruisin," created with CoCo
Max.
122 THE RAINBOW September 1986
Independence Hall
James Stewart
Depicting one of America's historical
edifices, James, who lives in Highland
Falls, New York, used CoCo Max for
this memorable creation.
Robot
Jamie Flamm
Taking the patrons of the gallery into
the sphere of automation, Jamie
created this mechanical man with the
use of basic from his hometown of
Peabody, Massachusetts.
n
N
E
SHOWCASE YOUR BEST!
You are invited to nominate original work for inclusion in
upcoming showings of "CoCo Gallery." Share your crea-
tions with the CoCo Community!
Be sure to send a cover letter with your name, address and
phone number, detailing how you created your picture (what
programs you used, etc.) and how to display it. Also, please
include a few facts about yourself.
Don't send us anything owned by someone else; this
means no game screens, digitized images from TV programs
or material that's already been submitted elsewhere. A
digitized copy of a picture that appears in a book or
magazine is not an original work.
We will award a first prize of $25, a second prize of $15
and a third prize of $10. Honorable mentions will also be
given.
Jody Doyle, Curator
inOEPEflOEJlCE
HULL
PMIA&IVMA. PA
fed " 1' ■
The Knight
Wayne Finlay
Wayne, who lives in Scarborough,
Ontario, used CoCo Max for his renais-
sance of a robust knight in shining
armor.
Send your entry on either tape or disk to:
CoCo Gallery
THE RAINBOW
P.O. Box 385
Prospect, KY 40059
Attn: Jody Doyle
\
September 1 986 THE RAINBOW 1 23
The monthly magazine that's reader-friendly
If you're interested in the highly popular Model 100, the Tandy 200, the brand new portable Tandy
600 or Tandy's new generation of MS-DOS computers — the 1000, 1200, 2000, or the exciting new
Tandy 3000 — PCM is for you!
-PCM, The Personal Computer Magazine for Tandy Computer Users, is brought to you by the same
people who bring you THE RAINBOW, the premier magazine for the Color Computer, Need we say more?
So, if you're ready to add portability or step up to MS-DOS, stay with Tandy and THE RAINBOW family
by subscribing to PCM!
FREE PROGRAMS!
We learned from THE RAINBOW that readers want programs to type in , so each month we bring you
an assortment of them, including games, utilities, business applications and graphics.
BAR CODE, TOO!
Also, PCM is the only computer publication in the world (that we know of) that brings you programs
in bar code, ready to scan into memory with the sweep of a wandl
TUTORIALS GALORE
Add to this our regular tutorials on telecommunicating, hardware and machine language, as well
as BASIC programming tips and product reviews, and we think you'll find we're one of the most
informative and fun magazines on the market today.
So if you're ready to add portability or step up to MS-DOS, stay with Tandy and THE RAINBOW family
through PCM.
To order by phone (credit card orders only) call 800-847-0309, 8 a.m. to 5 p.m. EST. For other inquir-
ies call 502-228-4492.
YES! Please send me a one year (12 issues)
subscription to PCM for only $28/ A savings of 22%
off the newsstand price.
Name
Address
City State
In order to hold down costs, we do not bill.
□ My check in the amount of is enclosed.
Charge to my: VISA MasterCard American Express
Acct. # Expiration Date
Signature
Canadian subscribers U.S. $35. Surface rate elsewhere $64, airmail $85. Allow 6 to 8 weeks for first copy. Kentucky residents add 5% sales tax
U.S. currency only, please.
Mail to: PCM, The Falsoft Building, P.O. Box 385, Prospect, KY 40059
TURN OF THE SCREW
Let's Take a Look
at the CoCo 2 B
By Tony DiStefano
Rainbow Contributing Editor
This week I had the honor of
repairing an old 'D' board Color
Computer belonging to "KlSSa-
ble OS-9" author Dale L. Puckett.
Although there are a lot of old CoCos
still out there, you can't get any more
of them. Today, Radio Shack is ped-
dling a CoCo with the letter in the
catalog number. I don't know what the
'B' stands for, but there are a few
changes inside. I bought one at the Palo
Alto RAINBOWfest. What I want to do
here is explain some of the changes
Radio Shack has made.
The first thing I noticed when I
opened the box is that it says Tandy on
the computer and not Radio Shack. It
also says Color Computer and not
CoCo 2. This is the smallest PCB
(Printed Circuit Board) I have seen for
a CoCo. Small is good in many ways.
First, it costs less to produce. It also has
the least parts count of all the CoCos
ever made. Not only is this good for
production costs, it's also good for
users. The lower the parts count in a
computer, the less likely a breakdown.
Then there is the question of heat; all
electronic parts, whether digital or
analog, dissipate heat. How many times
Tony DiStefano is well-known as an
early specialist in computer hardware
projects. He lives in Laval Ouest, Que-
bec.
have you heard that the computer
crashes when it is too hot? Fewer parts
mean less heat.
This computer does not have any
regulated 12 volts, the same as the other
CoCo 2s. There is no negative voltage
available except on the SALT chip,
which buffers and converts the RS-232
signals. In theory, RS-232 specifies that
the signal be +/-12 volts. This new
CoCo 2 (and all other CoCo 2s) have
only +/-5 volts. While this will work
with most RS-232 devices, check the
specifications to be sure. Again, as with
the other CoCo 2s, there are about 12
volts unregulated at the power diodes,
which can be used for devices needing
the voltage. The diodes are numbered
D10 and Dl 1. Remember, the side with
the white band is the positive side.
The next interesting part in this CoCo
2 B is a PIA (Peripheral Interface
Adapter). The first CoCos had two
PIAs of the same kind. They were both
MC6821s by Motorola. The next stage
of the CoCo had one MC6821 and one
MC6822. This 6822 is called an IIA
(Industrial Interface Adapter). There is
just a small difference between the two.
Now the second PIA in the CoCo 2 B
is no longer an MC6822, but an
SC67331P. It is a Motorola part, and
compatible with the MC6822. The
difference is in the impedance matching
between the keyboard and the PIA —
custom made for Tandy, no doubt. If
you happen to destroy this part, a
regular MC6822 will work. The key-
board matrix is the same.
As with the CoCo 2 A, there are six
jumpers, Jl to J6. One of the jumpers
is used to detect the presence of 64K
memory RAM. The other five jumpers
are labeled 64K/ 128K. A lot of people
think that this means you can have
128K of RAM. This is not true. Look
again; there is only one place for ROM.
Before, there were two sockets, one for
the BASIC ROM and the other for the
Extended BASIC ROM, each ROM
being 8K long. A ROM's capacity is
usually expressed in bits. In the CoCo,
the data bus is eight bits wide. Therefore
an 8K ROM has 8K times eight bits,
giving you 64K bits. Starting to get the
picture? Since there is only one place on
the PCB for BASIC and Extended BASIC,
a new chip with both 8K ROMs (or 64K
bits) gives you 16K or, like the label
says, 128K.
If you bought the computer without
Extended BASIC, you got a socket and
an 8K ROM in a 28-pin package. The
jumpers are set to the 64K position. If
you bought an Extended BASIC ma-
chine, you got a soldered-in 16K ROM
with the jumpers set to the 128K side.
In both cases you got a new version of
BASIC, Version 1.3. If you have Ex-
tended BASIC, then you only see the
September 1986 THE RAINBOW 125
Pin
r in
f uncuun
1
1
VJli L-^
z
~ J V
J
A
<s
J
rvv
A
u
RAS
7
WF
TV I— (
o
Q
7
Finn
10
DQ3
11
DQ2
12
GND
Figure 1
Extended BASIC Version, LI. To see the
BASIC version type in EXEC 41175.
To take this further, the two ROMs
Tandy uses, 8K and 16K, are pin-for-pin
compatible with two EPROM counter-
parts. The 28-pin BASIC ROM is com-
patible with the Intel 2764 EPROM.
The 28-pin Extended BASIC ROM is
compatible with the Intel 27128
EPROM. Now you can see where the
64K/ 128K numbers come from. If you
have an EPROM programmer, modify
these ROMs to suit yourself and plug
them right in. Of course, if the ROM is
soldered in, you will have to desolder it
and put in a socket. Don't forget to
change the jumpers to the right place.
More on this later.
The RAM portion is quite impres-
sive. There are three ways to add 64K
to this CoCo 2 B. If you have 16K of
RAM on the computer, chances are the
chips Tandy used are two 4416 RAM
chips. These chips are 16K by four bits
each. Since the CoCo needs eight bits,
there are only two of these chips. These
chips are in the two 18-pin sockets
between the two white connectors. The
first way to upgrade this 16K computer
is to change these two chips for the 64K
counter part. The number to this is
4464. There are a lot of different
numbers that are compatible with this
chip. Just ask for a 4464, a 64K by four
DRAM or an equivalent.
With the computer turned off, re-
move the two memory chips and install
the two new ones. On the left side, there
is a white box marked J6, jumper 6. You
must solder a jumper across the two
pins inside this box. This tells the
software that there are 64K memory
chips installed. That's all there is to it.
The next way to upgrade is using the
two white connectors. These connectors
consist of all the lines necessary to
connect 64K of memory. A small PCB
will be necessary. The pinouts to the
connectors are in Figure 1.
There are two reasons why I'm not
going into details on how to construct
this piggyback board. The first is that
it is available, fully assembled and
tested, from CRC Inc. (514) 383-5293
for a modest price, and the other reason
is that there is a third method of up-
grading this CoCo 2 B.
If you have some 64K chips lying
around gathering dust, you'll like the
third way to upgrade. See all those holes
filled with solder? Do you see the eight
empty IC names soldermasked on the
PCB? These eight blank areas are made
for 64K memory chips. The regular run
of the mill 4164s. All you have to do is
add eight sockets and plug them right
in. There is a small catch: The holes for
these ICs are filled with solder. You
must first empty the holes of their
solder. You can use a device such as
Radio Shack's desoldering pump (less
than $20). Just heat up the hole to be
cleaned with a hot soldering iron. Then
bring the desoldering pump to the hole.
Remove the iron, press the pump to the
hole and press the pump button. Go
through all the holes of each pin. It
would be wise to solder in sockets, not
the chips directly. On some boards, the
eight decoupling capacitors are also
missing. Insert eight .1 UF capacitors.
As with any upgrade to 64K, don't
forget to jumper the connections at J6.
That's all there is to it.
There are a few more changes in the
CoCo 2 B. Until now, all CoCos used
the Motorola MC6847 as a display
processor. This is the chip that gives the
text on the screen and all of the graphics
modes. Text on the screen has been
green with black letters. When typing in
lowercase letters, they would appear as
inversed blocks of black with green
letters. The new chip that Tandy uses on
this CoCo 2 B is slightly different. It is
an MC6847T1. (This chip might also
have the part #XC80652P.) This chip is
different. It has built-in real lowercase
characters and you can also get rid of
that border in certain cases. This is a
real nifty improvement to the CoCo's
display. The only problem with this is
that Extended BASIC will not let you use
these added features. Next month, I'll
get my soldering iron out and add a few
switches to change the default values.
The last change the good people at
Tandy made was in the SAM (Synchro-
nous Address Multiplexer). With all
7 DQ6
8 DQ5
9 DQ7
10 DQ4
1 1 CAS
12 GND
these changes to memory, video and
circuitry, a new SAM chip is needed. It
is the SN74LS785. A Motorola part
that is upward compatible with the old
SN74LS783 or the MC6883.
Back to the 28-pin ROM. Earlier, I
mentioned that the ROM Tandy used is
pin-for-pin compatible with an
EPROM. A long time ago, a reader
asked if there was a way to add a DOS
chip inside the CoCo. Now there is.
There are many ways to do this. Differ-
ent people like to solder things together
in different ways. I like the fastest and
easiest way. Some people like to make
it neat. The chip you must use is either
a 2764 or a 27128. All of the address
lines, data lines and power lines are the
same. The only line that is different will
be the chip select line. We'll get that line
from another chip. The chip enable line
on an EPROM is pins 20 and 22. These
are the pins that must connect to the
extra enable. The thing to do is connect
all the pins except the two enable pins.
Here is where some people differ. I used
a 28-pin socket and soldered all the pins
(except 20 and 22) to the 28-pin ROM.
I bent pins 20 and 22 up and soldered
them together, running a wire to Pin 12
of the 74LS138. That's the easy way.
Now, plug in the new EPROM and
the cartridge area socket will be inside
the CoCo. Some people don't like to
solder directly to a ROM. Use a wire
wrap socket and solder a second socket
to the legs about halfway down. Cut
pins 20 and 22 from the top socket.
Solder these two pins to the 74LS138
mentioned above. Plug the ROM into
the lower socket and the EPROM into
the upper socket. The same results
happen, but it is neater. No soldered
ROM, but it is also a little more trouble.
Take your pick.
126 THE RAINBOW September 1986
azine Collection With . . .
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a • • • a --• '» mSjft a. a . « l
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To order by phone (credit card orders only) call 800-847-0309, 8 a.m. to 5 p.m. EST.
For other inquiries call 502-228-4492.
THE NEW GENERATION
WORD PROCESSOR 2.2
TAPE OR DISK VERSION
A feature packed program that turns your CoCo into an of-
fice machine. Create and save letters and documents with the
Word processor tailored for the NX- 10.
COMPLETE NX-10
PRINTER SYSTEM
• 5K BUFFER • IMPROVED NLQ • QUAD HIGH &
WIDE PRINTING • EXTENDED CHARACTER
SETS • 10 INTERNATIONAL FONTS • IN-THE-
CASE ADJUSTABLE TRACTOR • REVERSE
LINE & FORM FEEDS • 120 CPS (DRAFT) 30
CPS (LQ) • FONT CONTROL & MARGIN CON-
TROL FROM CONTROL PANEL • 1 YEAR
WARRANTY SERVICEABLE NATIONWIDE •
AUTOMATIC LINE CENTERING • LEFT OR
RIGHT HAND JUSTIFYING • SINGLE
SHEET PAPER FEED • 7 GRAPHICS MODES
COMPLETE SYSTEM
NX-10 • BLUE STREAK II • SUPER GEMPRINT
TYPE SELECTION/TUTORIAL • WORD PROCESSOR 2.2
$309 95
+ $10 Shipping
and Insurance
BLUE STREAK II
SERIAL TO PARALLEL INTERFACE
• RUN COCO I or II to PARALLEL PRINTER
• HIGH QUALITY TOGGLE SWITCH ELIMINATES CABLE SWITCHING
• 300, 600, 1200, 2400, 4800, 9600 SWITCHABLE BAUD RATES
• AC POWER OPTION AL-NOT NEEDED WITH NX-10 PRINTER
• COMPLETE WITH ALL CABLES AND CONNECTORS
• THRU-PUT EQUIVALENT TO . SHTPPTNP '
BUFFERED INTERFACES //TNfl * S4 5Himfgtj
• 1 YEAR WARRANTY
RAINBOW
PAID!
SUPER GEMPRINT
CUSTOM SOFTWARE
"Overall, Super Gemprint is very well- written and documented.
—Rainbow December 84 review.
BONUS! TYPE SELECTION/TUTORIAL PROGRAM
FREE WITH SUPER GEMPRINT
Menu driven program for the CoCo. Teaches and shows the new
user the numerous features of the NX-10.
SUPER GEMPRINT AND
TYPE SELECTION/TUTORIAL PROGRAM
$
17
95 + $2 Shipping
and Handling
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ES= , INC .
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RAINBOW REVIEW
1986 Tax Estimate
Fast and Convenient/ Try- O-Byte , 148
Alphabetizing
Improves Reading SMUs/ Aquarius People Materials, Inc. . , ... 135
Bowling League Secretary
Calculate Stats Easily/ Tomela *Co ♦ ^ , , . 141
Casper CoCo Quick Assembler
Ideal for Beginners/Ear/ W. Casper, , , , 137
Eagle Lander
Lunar Lander Si m u lation/Saguaro Software . > , , , . , , 1 34
Hall of the King II: The Inner Chamber
Graphics Adventure/ Prickly-Pear Software . , , * , , , , , . 1 40
Kameleon
Parallel Printer Interface/Spectrum Projects, inc. , . r , . .133
Karate
Lots (if Punches and Kicks/D/ecom . . ...... . . . > . . ...... .. . 145
Math pack
Simplifies Calculus/H.D.R Software 132
Memory Minder
Disk Drive Analysis/ J & M Systems . , + , . , : , * * ,144
OS-9 Utilities
Additional Power for OS-9/ The Other Guy's Software 1 46
Plateau of the Past
Swashbuckler of an Adventure/Zyfe/c, * 1 39
Psycho I
Analyze Perceptions/Lom/g + . + , . h + < . . .138
Uninterrupted Power Source
Prevents File Loss/Dynam/c Electronics Inc. . T 1 49
Wico Command Control Trackball
Beats a Joystick/Specfrum Projects, Inc. ♦ + * , . ♦ •■;.>,, .136
More than a book
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RECEIVED & CERTIFIED
THE FOLLOWING PRODUCTS have
recently been received by the rainbow, examined by our
magazine staff and approved for the Rainbow Seal of Certification,
your assurance that we have seen the product and have ascertained
that it is what it purports to be.
This month the Seal of Certification has been issued to:
Checkers, a 32K computer version of
one of the most popular board games.
This program is designed to give many
hours of entertaining, instructive and
challenging action to players with var-
ied levels of skill. Applied Machine
Intelligence, P.O. Box 358, Salida, CO
81201, tape or disk $3.95 plus $.85
S/H.
Adventure Island, a 32K ML graphics
Adventure. Your plane has crashed on
a deserted island and you must use all
your wits to stay alive. Half-screen
picture graphics take you through
jungle and beach. Comes on two disks.
Ark Royal Games, P.O. Box 14806,
Jacksonville, FL 32238, $23.
LISTER, a machine language utility
program. This print utility lists BASIC
programs to the screen, printer or disk/
cassette files in an understandable
manner. Included are spaces between
keywords, hierarchical indentation of
FOR/NEXT and IF/THEN/ELSE struc-
tures making it easier to debug pro-
grams. The program requires Extended
Color BASIC and 16K. CMD Micro
Computer Services Ltd., 10447 124th
Street, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
T5N IR7, $14.95 plus $2 S/H.
Seikosha SP-1000A Dot Matrix Print-
er, features a near-letter-quality mode
as well as the standard data processing
mode. Other features include italic font,
front-panel control of margins, auto-
matic paper ejection, a 1.5K buffer and
95 user-definable characters. This print-
er uses a nine-pin head and supports
super- and subscripts. Paper can be fed
to the printer by either the friction feed
or the tractor feed mechanisms. Distrib-
uted by Cinsoft, 2235 Losantiville
Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45237, (513)
396-7638, with interface $269, without
interface $225.
Mission: F-16 Assault, a 64K game
requiring one joystick. Defeat the evil
enemy forces by flying your F-16 jet
fighter over enemy lines. Diecom Prod-
ucts, 6715 Fifth Line, Milton, Ontario,
Canada L9T2X8, tape or disk, $28.95
U.S.; $38.95 Canada.
Wall Street, a stock-market Simulation
game requiring 16K Extended BASIC.
Drayon Software, P.O. Box 25 16, Ren-
ton, WA 90856, tape or disk $6.
Map 'ti Zap, the layman's kit |pr disk
repair. Map M Zap includes step-by-
step instructions for repairing disk
directories and granule tables. It also
locates errgrsi maps out disk contents
to p|iiiter jb| |qte|0-]backs up any
flawed disk and prompts built-in disk
zap f<$r repair. Duck Productions, 18
Rowe Court, Brampton, Ontario, Can-
ada, L6X 2S2, $19.95 U.S., $24.95
Canada.
Micro-Fire, a rapid-fire circuitry pack-
age that can be added to any joystick.
It features on/ off control and requires
no extra power supply. Micro-Fire also
has adjustable rate of fire. The preas-
sembled hardware comes with a calibra-
tion program listing and complete
instructions. Duck Productions, 18
Rowe Court, Brampton, Ontario, Can-
ada L6X 2S2, $19.95 U.S.; $24.95
Canada.
Grafplot, a Color Computer high reso-
lution data-graphing program that
draws lines and/ or scatter plots of user
data. Mistakes are easy to correct and
revised graphs are drawn in seconds.
Grafplot lets you go effortlessly from
raw data to a printed graph of profes-
sional quality. Hawkes Research Serv-
ices, 859 Stanford Avenue, Oakland,
CA 94608, tape $40, disk $45.
Cybertank, a 64K real-time tank Sim-
ulation. Penetrate deep into enemy
territory with powerful intelligence-
gathering devices and sophisticated
armaments. Your survival depends on
careful and effective management of
resources as well as tactical decisions.
Includes Hi-Res radar map and graph-
ics screens. Mark Data Products, 24001
Alicia Parkway #207, Mission Viejo,
CA 92691, disk $27.95 plus $2 S/H.
GRX-Dump, a graphics screen dump
utility. The cassette is formatted for
both 16K and 32K versions. Use with
any printer that has bit-image graphics.
Sigma Software, 14024 152nd Avenue
S.E., Renton, WA 98056, $7.95.
CoCo Kameleon, serial-to-parallel
printer interface for the Color Compu-
ter. Power is derived from the serial port
and the printer data lines eliminating
the need for external power source.
Spectrum Projects, Inc., P.O. Box
21272, Woodhaven, NY 11421, $49.95
plus $3 S/H.
Wico CoCo Trackball Command Con-
trol, an input device designed to replace
your CoCo joystick for games as well as
other programs and applications. Spec-
trum Projects, Inc., P.O. Box 21272,
Woodhaven, NY 11421, $19.95 plus $3
S/H.
The Sea/ of Certification program
is open to manufacturers of products for the
Tandy Color Computer, regardless of whether they advertise in
THE RAINBOW.
; ; By awarding a Seal, the magazine certifies the product does
exist — that we have examined it and have a sample copy —
but this does not constitute any guarantee of satisfaction.
As soon as possible, these hardware or software items
will be forwarded to the rainbow's reviewers for evaluation.
— Judi Hutchinson
September 1 986 THE RAINBOW 131
Software Review!
Full-featured Mathpack
Simplifies Calculus
By John McCormick
This is the first program I have seen that attempts to
handle real calculus problems on the CoCo, and it does a
fine job.
The basic concept of numerically solving problems in
integration isn't very complicated or new; it is shown in
many BASIC text books. The most common is an implemen-
tation of Simpson's Rule, which breaks the problem into
many small steps and solves it piece by piece.
The problem with Simpson's Rule is that a large number
of calculations is required if you are trying to get an accurate
answer, often 100 or more.
Mathpack is written in BASIC, but the calculations are
finished in a reasonable time. This program also does root
finding along with Cartesian, polar and parametric
graphing.
When you get through the opening display and on to the
main menu you find something interesting. The main menu
is quite plain, with just a list of the program functions and
none of the fancy art work that makes some programs more
difficult to use by cluttering the screen. The really interesting
part is the lettering; it is in true lowercase and quite easy
to read.
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The menu gives six options: Integration, Root Finding,
Cartesian Grapher, Polar Grapher and Parametric Grapher
along with End.
I won't attempt to explain any of these functions in depth
because the program is not aimed at beginning students but,
rather, at teachers and students already familiar with
elementary calculus. If the program is suitable for your
needs you will know what parametric graphs are, so I will
only describe how the program works.
When you select Integration, you are first asked if the
equation is a polynomial. If it is, there is a special procedure
for entering the equation that will take a minute's study but
really is quite simple. Essentially you just enter the
coefficients of each term, using zero where appropriate,
leaving out the 'X\
This is easier to learn than it sounds and the documen-
tation uses several examples to demonstrate. The program
leads you through this section one step at a time, using
prompts.
Polynomials are evaluated both analytically and using
Simpson's Rule, and the results are displayed along with
the actual difference and the percentage difference.
I entered an equation of the 20th degree and Mathpack
solved it with Simpson's Rule in about 45 seconds and
analytically in a couple of seconds, with a difference of
about 0.001 percent between the two answers.
If your equation isn't a polynomial, you are asked to enter
f(X). The example given in the documentation is sin(X) +
exp(X). After entering the equation, you are asked for the
start and end points to integrate across. This interval can
be expressed as numbers or numerical expressions (e.g., 0,
2, PI, log(2), etc.).
You are then asked how many steps are to be used in the
integration. I chose start:0, end:3 and 30 steps. The answer
given was 21.0755411.
I checked a number of functions and found the program
to be quite accurate; it was also very fast.
Back to polynomial expressions for a moment. This
program isn't just for kidding around; you can enter a
One- Liner Contest Winner . . .
Enter the letter that appears on the screen as quickly
as you can.
The listing:
0 CLS5 : T=3^3j3 : : PRINT§1 , "time"
; :PRINT@21, "score"; :F0RA=1T0999 ;
L=RND (2 6) +64 : P=RND (478) +32 : PRINT
@P, CHR$ (L) ; :FORB=lT03pj31:I$=INKE
Y$ : IFI$=" "THENT=T-1 : IFT=£JTHENPRI
NT@32 , "" ; : ENDELSEPRINT@6 , T ; :NEXT
B ELSEIFI$=CHR$ (L) THENS==S+1: PRIN
T@27 , S ; : NEXTA ELSENEXTB
Murk M, Breznai
Lorain, OH
* contest entry, the author has been sent copies
>k of Simulations and its companion The Rainbow
: or this winning one-
of both The Rainbo$
Simulations Tape.)
1 32 THE RAINBOW September 1 986
polynomial expression with a maximum degree of fifty!
Certainly enough to be useful.
The root finding section of the program prompts you to
enter f(X) and will find 'X' such that f(X) = 0. Again you
are asked for a start and end number along with how many
intervals to test over the entire range. You are also asked
to select a maximum error. The maximum error can be made
so small that the round off of numbers will cause the
program to continue forever, so this section definitely
requires some knowledge and understanding of the
problem.
Mathpack uses an interval-halving procedure to solve for
zeros. Newton's Method is much faster but won't work with
many functions, so Mathpack's programmer(s) chose to go
with a slower but more useful method of solving these
equations.
Cartesian grapher took 50 seconds to solve x^2 + 2x +
1 and graph about 250 points between x = 0 and 100.
Cartesian, polar and parametric grapher all work: about
the same way. The program requests you enter the appro-
priate function, then asks for the range of numbers over
which you want the equation graphed.
The program starts solving the equation for a large
number of points and then draws a simple line graph filling
the entire screen.
One nice touch I really liked was the display of a running
count of the number of calculations being performed. This
lets the user know the program is actually working during
the wait for a solution. Since it shows a countdown, the user
can also tell about how long the solution will take. You can
decide at a glance whether to go for coffee, abort the
solution, or just wait.
In the parametric graph section you are asked for Y(T)
in addition to X(T) and also asked whether you want the
Y-scale to be the same as the X-scale; otherwise, the
procedure is similar for all three graph sections.
The Cartesian grapher preselects the number of intervals
at 250, and the other two offer a choice of 10 to 300 steps.
Mathpack comes with seven pages of documentation that
are completely adequate to instruct any calculus user in the
use of this program. The final page also includes an
explanation of Simpson's Rule, interval-halving and some
suggestions for equations that will produce interesting
graphs.
There is little onscreen help, other than the prompts, but,
for all its advanced mathematics, this program is very easy
to use and needs no further documentation than the few,
easy-to-understand pages in the documentation.
Mathpack performs accurate numerical solutions using
Simpson's Rule and does sophisticated root finding, along
with performing simple graphing of complicated equations.
If I were studying or teaching calculus again, I wouldn't
hesitate to buy a copy of this program.
Mathpack is not a stand-alone program. You must have
a copy of H.D.R. Software's Enhancer program ($18 U.S.,
disk or tape). This isn't a review of Enhancer, so I'll just
say Enhancer contains a lot of nice utilities, including the
lowercase driver.
In addition to Enhancer, Mathpack requires a 64 K Color
Computer with at least one disk drive.
(H.D.R Software, 27 Doyle Street, St. John's, Nfld.,
Canada A1E 2N9, $21.95)
Hardware ReviewSZESSSSSSESS^^SS^fZs
Change Baud Rates
with CoCo Kameleon
>
The CoCo Kameleon is a very small and compact serial-
to-parallel printer interface for use with a CoCo and any
parallel printer with a Centronics-compatible connector.
This unit is housed in a small plastic box with a slide
switch on one side to select either 600 or 9600 Baud. Two
cables extend from each end. A round cable attaches to the
CoCo's RS-232 port and is five feet long, while the flat
ribbon cable which attaches to the printer's Centronics
connector is about 20 inches long. Hookup is a snap; just
plug it in and go.
No external power is required, even when used with
Epson printers. The use of low current drain electronic
components enables power to be derived from the RS-232
port and the printer's data lines.
I hooked up the interface to my Gemini- 1 OX and used
it to print out a couple of program listings at both of the
available Baud rate settings. The unit worked perfectly at
both speeds. The CoCo defaults to 600 Baud whenever you
turn it on, so if you LL 1 5T a program in the 600 Baud switch
setting everything works fine. If you want to print at 9600
Baud, it's a simple matter to type POKE 150 , 1 and with the
switch in the 9600 position everything works great.
But what about speeds between these two extremes? It
is a simple task to edit most BASIC programs to use 9600
Baud by inserting the POKE 150,1 somewhere in the
beginning of the program, but what do you do if the
program is in machine language? ML programs can be
modified to utilize the 9600 Baud speed, but it's a lot more
difficult than it is in BASIC.
I have several machine language programs with printer
output speeds that are menu selectable from 600 to 2400
Baud. Luckily, my interface has a switch that allows me to
select 2400 Baud, and all the others if I ever need them. I
make this point only because I feel there are times when
Baud rates other than 600 and 9600 will be needed. I believe
the price is too high considering its limitations. The wise
CoCo shopper may discover better bargains.
(Spectrum Projects, Inc., P.O. Box 21272, Woodhaven, NY
11421, $49.95 plus $3 S/H)
— Jerry Semones
See You at
RAINBOWfest-Princeton
October 17-19
SeptembeM986 THE RAINBOW 133
Software Reweiv^^^^^^^^B/^N
Eagle Lander
is True to Life
What is an Adventurer to do? After managing thousands
of nuclear power plants, averting numerous air disasters and
conquering many kingdoms, what is there left to do?
Conquer the moon? That's exactly the task you are given
as the owner of Saguaro Software's lunar lander Simulation
entitled Eagle.
The idea of a computer-simulated lunar landing is
certainly not a new one. These simulations first appeared
on computer networks that predate the CoCo by many
years. The makers of Eagle, however, have taken the lunar
lander idea quite a bit forward. Eagle is controlled with
joysticks on the high resolution (PMODE 4) screen. The
bottom portion of the screen plots the position of the craft,
providing a graphics representation of the craft in flight.
Meanwhile, the top portion of the screen provides the pilot
with a host of instrumentation which reports such impor-
tant data as relative position, altitude, horizontal and
vertical airspeed, acceleration, percentage of rocket thrust,
fuel remaining and time elapsed. All these indicators help
the would-be pilot appreciate the difficulties involved in
managing such a complex operation as a moonshot.
The complexity increases as the craft approaches one of
the two possible landing sites. Both horizontal and vertical
airspeed must be brought down to near zero precisely when
the craft is located in the proper position. This is an
extremely difficult task, which requires many trials to
achieve reasonable adeptness. To make life more dangerous,
the user can "play damage control" by choosing the
advanced difficulty level. It introduces such emergencies as
fuel leaks, maneuvering problems and computer screen
failures. These malfunctions provide extra challenges and
require greater mastery of the craft's abilities to perform a
successful landing.
Other operational commands allow the user to adjust the
attitude window for fine or coarse control of direction (a
very important feature when trying to land), perform a fuel
dump and predict future position based on present course
and speed values. Using the latter command, the user may
jump ahead in time and accept the predicted values and
position just as if he had maintained the course for the
prescribed time. All these functions add greatly to the
playability of the Simulation (not to mention saving the
keyboard from frustrated thrashings).
Despite Eagle's complex nature, the user manual provides
excellent insight and interpretation of the physics involved
in an actual lunar landing and how the user can apply these
to his advantage. The manual also accurately describes the
command structure and flow of the game. The documen-
tation is complete in every respect, including a guarantee
to replace defective disks unloadable by the original owner.
The author of Eagle, Art Martin, has done an excellent
job in producing a realistic Simulation of a lunar landing.
The Simulation is so true to life, in fact, a certain sense of
"harsh reality" is incorporated into the program. This is not
an easy-to-master Simulation, rather, it's a reflection of a
technologically advanced procedure and requires consider-
able practice to perform a successful landing. Therefore, this
program is excellent for hardened game players who are
looking for a considerable software challenge which won't
sit on the shelf after the first few successful landings.
(Saguaro Software, P.O. Box 1864, Telluride, CO 81435,
$24.95 tape, $29.95 disk, requires 32K and two joysticks)
TV PINNERS Co Co DlA/WEflS
— Eric Oberle
One-Liner Contest Winner . . .
According to Francois, rain is rare in Australia so
he wrote this program to remind his children of what
it looks and sounds like.
The listing:
J8 PCLEAR8 : F0RS=1T08 : PMODEJ3 , S : POL
S : FORR=1TO10STEP2 : CIRCLE (12 6 , 94)
,R*S :NEXTR, S : FORK=lTO10j3j30: FOR]>
1T04 : POKE14J3 , 1/ajj+RND (15)3) : EXEC43
3 45: PMODE 4 , I : SCREEN! , 1 i FORJ=lTOR
ND(50) : NEXT J , I , K
'•""< : s*jf-''"i' ' : , i ;•>;•.;■ A! yj- ■
Prancois^olk
Australia
(For this winning one-liner contest entry, the author has been sent copies
of both The Rainbow Book of Simulations and its companion The Rainbow
Simulations Tape.)
1 34 THE RAINBOW September 1986
Software Review*
Improve Reading Skills
with A Iphabetizing
When I received this program for review, it was obvious
that it was aimed at two distinct markets — concerned
parents and school systems. I am one of those two markets.
I have two children, one too old for the product. What to
do? I asked David (age 10) for help, and in true Tom Sawyer
fashion he soon had every neighborhood child from age 3
through second grade lined up for user testing of the
program with himself as teacher. This review is a combined
effort by him and his 4-year-old sister, with occasional
comments by Dad.
The catalog from Aquarius which came with this program
mentions that it won the Topp Award, which implies a lot
of respect for this approach within the educational
establishment. This catalog also shows that the program is
available on many other computers, and indicates this firm
has an entire line of programs for nursery school through
high school or college.
The package includes a good set of teacher aid samples
in a well-made ring binder. Any certified teacher would
know all they needed to use the package except how to start
the program on the computer. The program is in BASIC and
that is not a major problem, but it did frustrate our young
teacher.
Alphabetizing, The Pathway to Reading uses random
number generation to provide a new set of test material each
run. At each run and at each level, the student indicates
whether things are in correct alphabetical order. Sometimes
a missing letter must be filled in, sometimes the letter before
or after the letter shown must be stated. Sometimes a group
of words is shown, and you must put them in order. There
are many different games, each of which requires alphabet-
izing. Some of these were a lot of fun, others were just
normal school drills.
The right answer gets a rainbow drawn on the screen, but
a wrong answer gets a rain cloud. Lizzie (age 4), got bored
One-Liner Contest Winner . . .
This one creates a moving sine wave by drawing
eight pictures in different graphics areas..
The listing:
63999 CLS5:PCLEAR8:F0RA==1T08:PM0
DEj3 , A: PCLS : FORB=2T0252STEP2 : LINE
(B,96-84*SIN( (B*45/32+A*45)/57 . 3
) ) - ( B ,188 ) , PSET : NEXTB : SCREEN1 , 0 :
N E XT A : F ORA= j3 TO 1 E 3 8 : PMO DE jd , ( 7 AN DA
) +1 : SCREEN 1 , 1 : OC+4 : SOUND12 8+127
*SIN (C/57 .3) ,1 : IFINKEY$<>" "THEN
NEXTA ELSECLS : END
Walter Pullen
WA
(For this winning one-liner contest entry, the author has been sent copies
of both The Rainbow Book of Simulations and its companion The Rainbow
Simulations Tape .)
more rapidly than with her Sesame Street programs. But
she said to be sure to mention that she liked the game in
which Snoopy lies on his dog house while she picks out
letters.
Our friends who came to help test this program enjoyed
it and seemed to pick up speed as they used it.
Dad had to run the printer. The program let me test the
kids and then print out their answers. If I were a real teacher
that would be a help. With only a few kids it isn't really
needed, but it did make the kids feel like they had used an
important program. One of them even took his test score
home.
This program is probably better suited for the school than
the home because there is only a relatively short time span
(one or two years) when the child is at just the right stage
of development for the program. Earlier, the child gets
distracted. Later, the child gets bored. That is probably a
problem with most educational software, but it emphasizes
why the program is better off in the school than in the home
in this instance.
Note that this criticism does not detract from the effort
by Aquarius to have many different games at varying levels
of difficulty in one program. The varying levels of difficulty,
all built around drills that improve reading skills through
alphabetizing, can probably be made very effective in the
classroom.
(Aquarius People Materials, Inc., P.O. Box 128, Indian
Rocks Beach, FL 33535, $69)
— Elizabeth and David Elman
.-
Keyboard Cover
& Disc Marker
Keyboard cover made of
high-impact plastic that
complements ^*
your TRS-80
• Keeps dust
& unwanted
fingers from your
keyboard
• Five-color
decal inside, lists
many helpful hints
& programming
information, inclu-
ding keyboard memory locations „ s
& baud rates
• Fits all CoCo keyboard modifications we know of
• $9.95
RAINBOW
Model I & III covers also available @$12.50 ea.
DISC MARKER
$1.49
Send For Free Catalog Of CoCo Software & Computerware
• For Fastest Service Send Money Order Or Certified Check
• Add $2.50 Shipping For Continental U.S.
• Add $4.00 Shipping For: AK, HI, APO's, P.O. Boxes, & Canada
• Add $15.00 Shipping For Overseas
• Add $3.00 For 220-250 Volt Model
• California Residents Add 6 l A% Sales Tax
• Add $3.00 For C.O.D.
REM Industries, Inc.
9420 "B"LurlineAve., Chatsworth, CA 9131 1
(818) 341-3719
September 1986 THE RAINBOW 135
Hardware ReviewSSS^^SSSSSSSS^^
Wico Command Control
Trackball Takes
the Punishment
There must be an easier way to get a better score without
causing serious harm to your trusty CoCo. We all tend to
get carried away during the heat of battle, and this
excitement is often transferred into "white knuckle"
treatment of some relatively fragile plastic parts.
It's only human nature to get excited during competition.
Have you ever noticed that many commercial arcade games
use a trackball control instead of a joystick? The action at
these arcades often got so intense, the manufacturers had
to find a more reliable alternative. Well, that alternative is
available for the CoCo in the form of the Wico Command
Control Trackball.
This device replaces your joystick and is very rugged. It
measures 5 by 6 by 1 % inches and weighs a little over one
pound. It uses, of all things, a billiard ball as the primary
user interface. A f irebutton is located at the upper left corner
on top so it's easy to get to with your left thumb. If you
want to put it on your computer table, it won't slide around
easily because it has flat rubber feet on the bottom. It does
require a separate power source, which is included in the
form of a plug-in wall transformer. The other cable
terminates in a standard five-pin DIN plug to fit the CoCo
joystick connector.
Operation is simple. You get full 360 degree movement
by just moving the ball with fingers or palm. It's easy to
use and allows controlled movement by simply moving the
ball fast or slow. It's a unique feeling and one you have to
experience to fully appreciate. I tried it on several games
and was able to get higher scores than I could with my
joystick. I also used it with CoCo Max and liked the smooth
feel and easy positioning of the cursor. The only drawback
I noticed on CoCo Max was it took longer to go from the
workspace to the menu due to the vernier action of the
device.
The device boasts the use of a microprocessor control
circuit using photosensors and a built-in analog-to-digital
convenor with an eight-bit output. Since the CoCo only has
a six-bit joystick port, that probably explains some slight
positioning errors with programs like CoCo Max. Wico is
aware of this problem and even discusses it in the instruction
booklet.
This device is best suited for CoCo games, although it
will most certainly provide excellent service in other
programs normally requiring a joystick.
Wico guarantees the Command Control for one year
which attests to its durability. This device can take all the
punishment you can give it — so bring on the Klingons!
(Spectrum Projects, Inc., P.O. Box 21272, Woodhaven, NY
11421,519.95 plus $3 S/H)
— Jerry Semones
VISA
DERBY CITY TECHNOLOGIES
***Guaranteed — The Lowest Prices — The Latest Versions — Guaranteed ***
1-800-628-2828, Ex. 996 "The Place to Shop for ALL your CoCo Needs
TIME-PROVEN QUALITY SOFTWARE
All Software Comes With 90 Day Guarantee
Telewriter 64 - Word Processor (D) $53.95 (Save 10%)
Pro-Colo'-File 2.0 enhanced - Database , , ,(D) $53.95 (Save 10%)
Valet - Unique Home Filing System (D) $18.90 (Save 10%)
CoCo MAX II - Best Graphics Program . . .(D) $75.95 (Save 5%)
CoCo MAX I - Upgrade MAX I to II (D) $18.95 (Save 5%)
CoCo MAX Font (24/set)-from Derringer .(D) $24.95/set (NEW)
All Three Font Sets Together (D) $64.95/all (NEW)
MAX EDIT - Font Editor for CoCo MAX .(D) $17.95 (Save 10%)
CoCo De-sector - Diskette utility (D) $18.00 (Save 10%)
Deletes ALL the sectored data from diskette library. This saves
about 25-35% of the physical life of your disk drives! Converts
a RSDOS disk to a JDOS disk!
PP Color Dump - CGP-1 15 Screen Dump . .(D) $15.75 (Save 25%)
DMP Dump - DMP-100, 105 Screen Dump .(D) $14.25 (Save 25%)
Gemeps-Gemini 10x, SG10, N X-1 0 & Epson (D) $14.25 (Save 25%)
Jet 220 Dump CGP-220 Screen Dump (3x)! (D) $19.00 ( # NEW*)
CoCo Greeting Card Designer - From Zebra (D) $22.80 (Save 5%)
DISKETTES, CHIPS and 64K UPGRADES
5%" Diskettes (SS/DD) (any volume) 75 cents each
Full Lifetime Guarantee - 'Tyvec' Envelopes — Hub rings. All
Diskettes Come With Labels and Write Protect Tabs. All
Diskettes Are Guaranteed to be 'Verbatum' or Better!
64K Upgrade I - (4164's) D, E, 'F' & USA - Set of 8 $20.00
64K Upgrade II - (4464's) 'A', *B' & Korean - Set of 2, . . . $29.00
NOTE: Both of the above upgrades come with full instructions.
All of the chips are guaranteed to be CMOS — 150ns. Both of
the above upgrades come with 90 day Guarantee. When order-
ing — State the model number of your CoCo!
68766 Eprom -24 pins - CMOS-350ns, 90 Day Guarantee!. . . $14.00
27128 Eprom -28 pins -CMOS-250ns, 90 Day Guarantee!. . . $ 6.00
2764 Eprom -28 pins - CMOS-250ns, 90 Day Guarantee!. . . $ 7.00
EPROM PROGRAMMER
Intronics EPROM Burner - Latest Version Guaranteed . . . .$139.00
25xx, 25xxx, 27xx, 27xxx, 68xxx f & MK2764 EPROMS are
easily burned. No personality modules! No batteries!
* * *New version works with disk systems! * **
There is no better Eprom programmer for the CoCo.
UNIVERSAL MONITOR DRIVERS
These monitor drivers are truly "universal"! All Drivers work w/any
color or monochrome monitor & work with EVERY model CoCo!
V.D.I — For monitors that have sound already $29.00
V. D. 2 — Adds sound to monitors without sound . , $29.00
V.D.3 — Drives color & monochrome simultaneously I $29.00
The V.D.x Drivers come with full instruct "is for every model of
the CoCo, Installation does not require soldering. All V.D.x
Drivers come with a full one year warranty!
PRINTER INTERFACE with 64K BUFFER
DCT-1 -64K Serial to Parallel lnterface/64K Buffer $99.95
The DCT-1 is baud selectable for 300 to 9600 baud rates. The
DC-1 is a 7 or 8 bit — Centronics compatible interface.
DCT-2-64K Serial to SeriaI-64K Buffer $84.95
The DCT-2 is designed to fit in between the CoCo and a serial to
parallel interface. Why buy another interface when you already
have one? Also designed to work with all Radio Shack serial
printers.
NOTE. Both of the above come with switches for "Pause Print" ,
"Repeat Print" and "Clear Buffer". No more waiting for the
printer to finish printing! Full two year warranty! Compare ours
with the others!
SWITCHES, CABLES & MISC.
RS-232c 2-Position Switch $29.00
All four lines are connected in this switch which allows all auto
dial/answer modems to function correctly! Comes with a full
one year warranty!
40 pin Dual "Y" Cable $29.00
3025 Kozy Kreek Drive, Louisville, Kentucky
All orders $3 shipping & handling. KY residents add 5% sales tax. COD(add $2)/VISA/MasterCard/Cash
136
THE RAINBOW September 1 986
Software R e vie /^\
Casper CoCo Quick
Assembler: Ideal
for Beginners
Casper CoCo Quick Assembler is a fast combination of
monitor, editor, assembler and debugger. To get this extra
speed, the editor looks up the symbols and opcodes and
saves indexes into tables instead of characters. The program
comes with both a 32K version and a 64K version. The 64K
version places the machine language portion of the program
and your source code file in high RAM leaving most of low
RAM for your machine language program. I like this
program but there is good news and bad news.
First the good news. This is a delightful program. It is
easy to learn and easy to use, ideal for a beginner. The BASIC
loader boots the system and sets certain parameters. From
this portion of the program you can save and load source
code files and machine language files. The program can
create its own backup copy onto a blank disk. From this
part of the program simply press l M' to go to the monitor.
The monitor-debugger is also the command level. It is
here you perform most operations. You can examine and
change memory, assemble source code, print out source
code or object code, set up to eight breakpoints, search up
or down through source code for a target string, execute
machine code and view the registers as you go. You can
scroll up or down through the source file line by line.
Numbers can be displayed in hexadecimal or decimal.
The screen used by the program is different from the text
screen. You can view the usual text screen at any time. Block
move, block copy, block delete and block print can be
performed on the source file. You can ask for the number
of the line you are in, and you can jump to any line in the
source file by entering the appropriate line number. When
executing machine code, you can walk through the program
one line at a time, a number of lines at a time, or execute
until you reach a breakpoint or a certain number of
breakpoints.
The editor is where you type in the source code. You can
edit, insert and delete lines of code or simply scroll up or
down one line at a time. If you enter an improper opcode
or an obvious syntax error, the program alerts you with a
beep.
The assembler is activated from the monitor. If an error
is encountered, the monitor jumps to the problem line for
debugging.
Now for the bad news. I had a lot of trouble booting this
program. On my old (gray) 'D' board 64K CoCo I get an
error message. Typing RUN over again solves the problem
for this old CoCo. On the newer (white) 64K CoCo 2 the
computer hangs up completely. I managed to get the 32K
version to run on the 64K CoCo 2 by resetting the computer
and then typing RUN again. I suspect that this is a minor
problem with the BASIC loader and may be corrected in
future versions.
Another problem in the BASIC loader is the printer Baud
rate. The manual suggests that you can set the Baud rate
in Line 50 of the loader. After having some trouble with the
printer, I discovered that the Baud rate had already been
set at 9600, (easy enough to fix once found).
The manual is not clear enough in explaining how to save
machine code once it has been assembled. Also unexplained
is the Load command. This command lets you load machine
language into memory. However, there seems to be no way
to access it. The program deals only with source code and
machine code that has just been assembled from source
code, not machine language files. There is no disassembler
in this program. This means that you cannot examine
machine language portions of memory (such as the basic
ROM) in terms of assembly language. Advanced users may
find this a drawback.
Except for the bugs I have mentioned, however, this is
a good program and has a reasonable price.
(Earl W. Casper, 6012 S. 14 Place, Phoenix, AZ 85040, $20)
— James Ventling
Two-Liner Contest Winner > , <
And they're off! Pick a horse to win out of a field
of seven. If you press ENTER when they are at the line,
the horses will run. You and your friends can then pick
the horse you want.
The listing:
J3 POKE65495,J3:DIMH(20,20) :PMODE3
, 1 : PCLS : DRAW"BMlj3j3 , 99U8R1J3U6R8D4
L2 Dlj3 L4U3 L8 D3 L4 " : GET ( 9j3,83)-(121
, 101 ) , H, G : PCLS : SCREEN1 , J3 : FORX=lT
Ol91STEP27:PUT(j3,X) -(31,X+18) ,H,
PSET : U-U+l : P (U) =X : NEXTX : DRAW"C3 11
:LINE(240,0)-(255,191) ,PSET,BF:E
XEC445 3 ii : PLAY " O 3 LI 8CL4F 11
1 F0RX^lTO7:M(X)==M(X)+RND(lj3) :PU
T(M(X) ,P(X) )«(M(X)+31,P(X)+18) ,H
, PSET : IFPPOINT (M (X) +3 3 , P (X) +9 ) <>
lTHENPLAY^OSLHSCDDEFFGAAB 1 ' : FORT
=lT01j3 : PUT(M (X) , P (X) ) - (M(X) +31, P
(X)+18) , H, PRESET: PUT (M(X) , P ( X) )-
(M(X)+31,P(X)+18) , H , PSET : NEXTT : E
XEC44539 : RUNE LSENEXTX: GOTO!
Mike Cooney
Mansfield, OH
(For this winning two-liner contest entry, the author has been sent copies
of both The Rainbow Book of Simulations and its companion The Rainbow
Sim ulations Tape. )
September 1 986 THE RAINBOW 1 37
Software Review*
PROGRAMS • PERIPHERALS • SUPPLIES • SERVICE
For Coco . . .
in the Midwest
\
Now in our 4th year!
New Catalog Now Available
CALL OR WRITE
Introducing . . .
SEIKOSHA
SP-1000A
• 100 cps draft
• 20 cps NLQ
• Friction and tractor
• Front panel Controls
• 1.5 K buffer
• 2yr. Warranty
RAINBOW
cinrifictriON
00
Parallel printer $225.
with Metric Industries Model 104 interface $269. 00
"The New Leader In Price-Performance!"
LATEST VERSION
FEATURES . . .
•14 fonts
•Shrink, Stretch
Rotate
| •Multiple drives
•Pattern Save
UPGRADES AVAILABLE
Disk I to II 20. 00
Tape I to Disk II
25 00
Max Edit 19.95
Picture disks
available
deluxe joystick
EXCELLENT FOR COLOR COMPUTER
USE IT FOR GRAPHICS, GAMES, ETC.
CoCo owners will appreciate this high quality,
durable joystick. Open gimbal design ... self-
centering or free-floating operation. Mechanical
trims on both axes ... eight foot cable ... firing
button has lifetime 5,000,000 presses. A two-
button version of the Deluxe Joystick is available
for the Tandy 1000. DEALER INQUIRIES INVITED
$27.50 each
$49.95/ pair
CHOOSE FROM OUR LARGE
SELECTION OF COCO PRODUCTS
B5 ... Colorware ... Derringer ... Diecom ... Dynacaic ...
Elite ... Four Star ... HJL ... J & M ... Mark Data ...
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Yes! We have PENPAL!
• da// •
513-396 SOFT
• Shop by Modem •
513-396-SHOP
• Write*
2235 Losantiville, Cincinnati, OH 45237
SHIPPING will be charged at our ACTUAL COST
Oh>o residents add 5 V , Sales Ta» COD add 2 00
Analyze Perceptions
with Psycho I
In spite of the name, you don't have to be afraid to use
Psycho I. Using a loose interpretation, this program could
be called a game, but it has more possiblities than being just
a game. In a school setting it would be a fun way for school
psychologists to learn more about the perceptions of their
students. I had an enjoyable time going through the
programs and seeing my reaction time or accuracy in
remembering shapes.
The collection of programs sold as Psycho I is a series
of eight programs created as classical exercises for the
psychological laboratory. The programs are Illusion, which
measures the strength of three illusions (Muller-Lyer, Opel-
Kundt, Helmholtz); Observer, which are exercises to test
observation skills; Reaction, which measures visual and
auditory stimuli; Pyramide, where you find the solution to
a pyramid puzzle by trial and error; Series, where you find,
by logic, the permutations of five numbers; Memoire, in
which you memorize numbers and letters; Optiques, where
you draw impossible and reversible figures on the screen;
and Fechner, for drawing G.T. Fechner's picture on paper.
The program and documentation are written in three
languages: French, Spanish and English. You choose which
language to use when first starting the program. Each of
the programs is self-explanatory, giving plenty of informa-
tion in order to run the program and to interpret its results.
The BREAK key has been disabled, so in order to get out
of programs, press the slash (/) key. You could also press
the Reset key, which gives a warm start and returns you to
BASIC.
The directions and helps are easy to understand, except
in the back of the manual where each program is explained.
There, things are explained in each language, but it is not
organized to differentiate between the languages, and it
took me a while to see that the explanations started in
French, then were in Spanish, with the last lines in English.
The English documentation in the manual and the expla-
nations and instructions in the program were filled with
spelling errors. They were not the kind that made things
hard to understand, but were an annoyance.
The programs are well-done and interesting, as well as
useful in determining children's aptitudes for abstract
thought. The graphics and layout of the programs were
excellent. I think the tests or exercises would be fun for
children. Since so many standardized tests have sections for
abstract thought, these programs may even be useful to
familiarize children with this type of thinking activity.
(Lomiq, c p 105, Succursale A, Jonquiere, Quebec, Canada
G7X 7V8, 64K required, one disk, $34 U.S., $45 Can.)
— Thomas E. Nedreberg
1 38 THE RAINBOW September 1 986
Software fleWeiv^^^SSS^S^^^SS^^/^N
Innovative Plateau of the
Past is a Swashbuckler
After many years and many Adventures, it would take
something uncommon to really stir my interest. Not just
another dragon to slay, another cave to explore, another
300K monstrosity, but . . . well, something different that
could really offer an interesting challenge. Something new.
Enter Plateau of the Past — just the thing to whet your
whip-cracking appetite.
Almost as soon as you begin Plateau, you will be
reminded of Indiana Jones. Rather than a classic text or
a modern graphics Adventure alone, this Adventure
combines a little of both. A dash of animation and a
separate fight screen help add to the challenge and the
difference of Plateau. This is not an easy Adventure to solve!
One nice feature of this program is that authors Chuck Jager
and Jim O'Keefe have waxed philosophical, and the text
and gravestones have interesting sayings. Death, my dear
fellow Adventurers, is no longer boring!
The program is composed of three major components
plus start-up routines and so forth. They are the text
window, generally the lower half of the screen, and the map
window, a Hi-Res 2-inch by 2-inch area in the upper center
of the screen. The map window reads like a map from above,
but displays the moves of the characters in the Adventure,
as well as your progress, major events and confronted
meanies. The third screen is the fight screen. It pits you
against the enemies, displays your and their attributes and
describes the fights with blow-by-blow descriptions. Fights
are resolved when one side's stamina has dropped to zero.
Several things make the game smoother and more
enjoyable. These include the compass that charts your
progress; being able to check your ability, stamina and luck;
selecting and reviewing your weapons; and even the
opportunity to eat. The documentation is well-written and
clear and tells you all you need to know. The rest is up to
you and fate, because luck plays a large part in Plateau of
the Past.
Good as it is, I found several drawbacks to Plateau. First,
there is no game-save feature. It could be argued that one
is not necessary, however, a save routine would have been
a nice extra. Second, you must restart the entire Adventure
each time you die. This is tedious, and a shortcut (save
routine) would have come in handy. Third, the fight
routines, while being creative and well-represented, are
somewhat reminiscent of the sound effects portrayed on-
screen in the Batman television series. Substituting graphics
here instead of words would make worlds of difference. A
slightly larger map window would have been better, too.
All of these are minor points, however, when considering
this extremely well-written, well-presented, innovative
Adventure program. Plateau of the Past is a good, rollicking
swashbuckler of an Adventure to keep even Indiana Jones
proteges happy for a long time!
(Zytek, Ltd., P.O. Box 701, Blue Island, IL 60406, 32K disk
only $26.95 plus $2 S/H)
— Jeffrey S. Parker
Back copies of many issues of the
rainbow are still available.
All back issues sell for the single issue
cover price. In addition, there is a $3.50
charge for the first issue, plus 50 cents
for each additional issue for postage and
handling if sent by United Parcel Service.
There is a $5 charge for the first issue,
plus a $1 charge for each additional issue
on orders sent by U.S. Mail. UPS will not
deliver to a post office box or to another
country.
Issues July 1981 through June 1982
are available on white paper in a reprint
form. All others are in regular magazine
form. VISA, MasterCard and American
Express accepted. Kentucky residents
please add 5 percent state sales tax. In
order to hold down costs, we do not bill
and no C.O.D. orders are accepted.
Due to heavy demand, we suggest you
order the back issues you want now while
supplies last.
To order, just fill out the form on the
next page and mail it with your payment
to:
THE RAINBOW
The Falsoft Building
P.O. Box 385
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September 1986 THE RAINBOW 1 39
BACK ISSUE ORDER FORM
(See overleaf for instructions.)
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□ Please send me the following back issues:
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11
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1
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DAI&COMM.
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CBEC/8T>
C'holiBay^s
r" $£&> JX}
ir
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BEGINNERS
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RAINBOW INDEX A complete Index to our first three years, July 1981
through June 1984, is printed in its entirety in our July 1984 issue.
Separately bound copies are also available. $2.50 □
Note: Our Fourth and Fifth Year Indexes, including RAINBOW ON TAPE
indexes, are included in the July 1985 and 1986 issues, respectively.
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Software Review*
7£\
A Winner — Hall of the
King II: The Inner Chamber
Prickly-Pear Software has come up with another winner
for CoCo Adventure addicts. Sequels seem to be the "in"
thing lately, and Glen Dahlgren has created a very good one.
Hall of the King II: The Inner Chamber begins another
quest for the legendary Earthstone. You do not need to be
familiar with the original Hall of the King, but after going
through these two disks you may want to check out the
original.
Yes, this is another two-disk graphics Adventure. The
detail in the graphics is very well done. Be ready to make
a detailed map of the many areas of the Adventure; you'll
need it. The difficulty level is intermediate leaning toward
advanced, mainly due to the length of the Adventure. You
should plan on being tied up for a while with the CoCo.
It is often hard to review an Adventure without giving away
the best parts. Do not overlook anything. All I will say is
that there is a clue in the first paragraph of this review.
No matter how good an Adventure, or any program,
there is always someone who thinks it can be improved. The
game has a save and load feature, but it will only save one
game at a time. There is a way to get around this, but I would
like to see a multigame save feature, if there is room on the
disks. The only way to save more than one game is to back
up the disks and save different games on different disks.
The Adventure requires 64K and one or two disk drives.
I have two drives, but found I liked to know which disk
was being used, so I used only one drive. If you have double-
sided drives configured so that each side is accessed as a
different drive, you can back up each game disk to opposite
sides of one working disk. Prickly-Pear suggests you only
use the backups and store the originals in a safe place.
While the documentation is not extensive, it is adequate. 1
Like most other Adventures, all you need is a little
information to start. You get all the rest from the Adventure
itself. The packaging is standard for Prickly-Pear, with a
vinyl container giving a compact, safe place to store the
original. This is the third two-disk Adventure from Prickly-
Pear, and while I have not seen Hall of the King, I know
the other two are very well-done. With this type of software
and support, the CoCo will be around for a long time.
(Prickly-Pear Software, 2640 N. Conestoga Ave., Tucson,
AZ 85749, two disks $39.95 plus $1.50 S/H)
— Dale Shell
See You at
RAINBOWfest-Princeton
October 17-19
140
THE RAINBOW September 1986
Software ffewewMM^^^^w/^
Bowling League Secretary-
Makes Calculating Stats Easy
Aside from the computer hobbyist, most of us buy
computers to ease the chores of modern living. One such
chore is the collection and maintenance of data associated
with a particular function such as a club roster. However,
the standard database programs are not always easily
adapted to the chore to be done — in this case the data
management of one of America's favorite pastimes,
bowling.
With the introduction of Bowling League Secretary from
Tomela*Co, we should soon see CoCos popping up all over
bowling land. Will it take over the local bowling alley?
Maybe not. But at least the poor bowling league secretary,
who spends many hours each week calculating team
standings and other bowling statistics, will now have more
time for other things.
When Bowling League Secretary arrived for review, 1 was
somewhat hesitant to do the review since I am not a bowler.
But, this program is just a very specialized database
manager. Having had considerable experience with data-
base programs, all I needed was the "technical" know-how
of what a bowling league secretary does. As it turns out,
my boss is a real bowling aficionado who has served several
years as secretary for a local bowling league. He was quite
impressed with this BASIC program which keeps track of all
bowling records for a league.
Bowling League Secretary is a well-organized menu-
driven program with very good documentation. The
program is almost self-documenting, with many screens
describing what is expected from the user. Using the
program is easy because it follows a very logical progres-
sion. You start by defining the league, then each team in
the league and finally the members of each team. In
addition, information such as the number of games per
night, and the number of blinds and handicaps allowed by
the league are to be entered. Once this information has been
entered, you are ready for the bowling season!
Each week, the league secretary must record the scores
for each player for the number of games played that night. .
When all of the scores are entered, the CoCo takes over and
produces five weekly reports. The first is weekly scores by
player which lists all bowlers alphabetically, and shows the
current week's scores for the three-game series and the
average for the night, as well as a summary of the season
to date of high game, high series, total pins, and cumulative
average.
The second report is a team standings and high scores
summary report which shows team standings, individual
high scores and team high scores. The individual high scores
section of the report shows the average, high game and high
series for the leading player of each team. The team high
scores section shows high game and high series for each
team. The individual averages report lists, by team, the
cumulative game average and total pins for all players in
the league. The team data listing report shows, for the team,
total pins for each game played in the evening as well as
high game, high series, and total pins. The player data listing
is an alphabetical listing of players showing total games
played, total pins, game average, high game and high series.
The preparation of these reports takes many hours of
work when done by hand, even with a calculator. With
Bowling League Secretary and a CoCo you end up with a
weekly set of reports neatly printed in much less time.
One particularly nice feature of the program is what the
author refers to as disaster recovery. It maintains a backup
feature that contains the final results for the previous week.
If you happen to do something wrong while entering the
new data, or have a power failure, etc., select disaster
recovery and you'll have all the data back except for the
current week. This is an excellent feature.
Bowling League Secretary is a well-planned program
which does what it was designed to do. As with any piece
of software, there are areas for improvement. Unless 1 have
missed something, my expert claims there is one very
important report it does not produce. It is my understanding
that the league secretary prepares, at the end of a season,
a final tally sheet for each player. This report contains all
of the scores accumulated each week by the player and gives
a final cumulative game average, high game and high series.
Such a report should be added to the program.
The reporting capability is nicely done. The author has
taken the time to produce neat and attractive reports.
However, these reports are designed for a Gemini 10X
printer and make use of special features of the Gemini using
CHR$ codes. The codes would not work on my printer.
Fortunately, the author provides an appendix that docu-
ments all of the BASIC lines containing printer codes. Those
with different printers will have to change these codes. In
my case, I simply removed all of the codes and had no
problem.
I would strongly recommend Bowling League Secretary
to all those volunteer league secretaries who maintain league
records.
(TomeIa*Co, P.O. Box 2162, Doylestown, PA 18901, $49.95
disk only)
— Donald D. Dollberg
One- Liner Contest Winner » . .
Enter a message and use the space bar to stop and
start it as it scrolls across the screen. When stopped,
its PRINT© location will be in the upper-right corner
of the screen.
The listing:
10 CLS : INPUT 11 ENTER PHRASE" ;A$ : FO
RX=1T04 8 ft : Y=X : CLS : PRINT@X , A$ ; : FO
RZ=lTO10j3:NEXTZ:IFINKEY$=" "GOTO
20 ELSE IF X>=48J3 THEN X=l ELSE
NEXT X
20 PRINT@27,Y:IF INKEY$<>" "THEN
GOTO20 ELSE NEXTX
Daniel Bisbee
Chesterfield, MA
(For this winning one-liner contest entry, the author has been sent copies
of both The Rainbow Book of Simulations and its companion The Rainbow
Simulations Tape.)
September1986 THE RAINBOW 141
HI-RES II SCREEN COMMANDER
Are you tired of looking at the 16 line by 32 character display on
your CoCo? Do you wish you could see more lines and characters?
Then HI-RES II is the answer, it can give you the big screen display
you've always wanted. It will display 24 lines of 32, 42, 5 1 , 64 and
even 85 true upper and lower case characters per line without any
hardware modifications.
HI-RES II is the most powerful screen enhancement package
available for the Color Computer, yet it is the least expensive. It is
completely compatible and transparent to Basic. Once the program
is loaded, everything works the same as before, only you have a
much better display to work with. It even allows you to have mixed
text and Hi-resolution graphics on the same screen or have separate
text and graphics screens. It also has an adjustable automatic key
repeat feature and allows you to protect up to 23 lines on the
screen. HI-RES II features over 30 special control code functions
that allow you to change characters per line, protect display lines,
change background color, position cursor, switch normal/reverse
video, underline, double size characters, erase line/screen/to end of
screen, home cursor, character highlight and much more. It works
on all models of the CoCo with 16, 32 or 64K and provides
automatic reset control so HI-RES II won't disappear when you
press reset.
Only $24.95 for Tape and $29.95 for Disk
EDTIASM 64D
64K DISK EDITOR ASSEMBLER w/DEBUG
EDT/ASM 64D is a Disk based co-resident Text Editor &
Assembler. It has a Hi-Resolution 51 , 64 or 85 column by 24 line
display, so you see your program listings easily. It also supports the
PBJ 80 Column Word-Pak cards. The disk also contains a free
standing Machine Language Debug Monitor, to help you debug
your assembled programs.
The Editor in EDT/ASM 64D is the most powerful 1, easy to use
Text Editor available in any Editor/ Assembler package for the Color
Computer. It even has automatic line number generation for easy
entry of program material. Some of it's features include:
t> Local and Global string search and/or replace.
c> Full screen line editing with immediate line update.
c> Easy to use Single keystroke editing commands.
c> Load & Save standard ASCII formatted Tape/Disk files.
<& Move or Copy single & multiple text lines.
<c> Create and Edit disk files larger than memory.
0- Hi-Res Text Display 28 to 85 columns by 24 lines.
<r> Supports the PBJ 80 Column cards Word-Pak I & II.
The Assembler portion of EDT/ASM 64D is the part that creates
the Machine Language program. It processes the source file(s)
created or edited by the text editor and creates a LOADM or
CLOADM binary file on either Disk or Tape. Using library files you
can assemble an unlimited size file, using several different disk
drives.
<r> Supports conditional IF/THEN/ELSE assembly.
c> Supports Disk Library files (include).
ir> Supports standard motorola assembler directives
<c> Allows multiple values for FDB & FCB directives.
<r> Generates listings to Hi-Res text screen or printer.
<c> Assembles directly to disk or tape in LOADM format.
<&■ Supports up to 9 open disk files during assembly.
<r> Allows assembly from editor buffer, Disk or both.
<r> Full description text error messages.
DEBUG is a free standing program debugger which provides all
the functions supported by most system monitors. Some of them
include:
<c> Examine and change the contents of memory.
O Set and display up to 10 breakpoints in memory.
<r> Remove single or multiple breakpoints.
Display/Change processor register contents.
<& Dump Memory in Hex and ASCII format.
<& Fill Memory range with a specified data pattern.
<& Move a block of memory.
c> Search memory range for data pattern.
<r> Disassemble memory into op-code format.
Requires 32K and Disk $59.00
"The Source"
Now you can easily Disassemble Color Computer machine lan-
guage programs directly from disk and generate beautiful, Assemb-
ler Source Code for a fraction of the cost of other Disassembler/
Source generator programs. And, the Source has all the features
your looking for in a Disassembler.
Automatic Label generation.
t> Allows specifying FCB, FCC and FDB areas.
<& Save, Load and Edit FCB, FCC, and FDB map on Disk.
t> Disassembles programs directly from Disk
<& Output complete Disassembled listing with labels to the Printer,
Screen or both.
<r> Generates Assembler compatible source files directly to disk.
ir> Generated source files are in standard ASCII format.
<& Built in Hex/ ASCII dump/display to locate FCB, FCC and FDB
areas in a program.
z? Built in Disk Directory and Kill file commands.
c> Menu display with single key commands for smooth, Easy,
almost foolproof operation.
c> Written in fast machine language, one of the quickest and
easiest to use Disassemblers available.
Requires 32K and Disk $34.95
TEXTPRO III
"The Advanced Word Processing System"
<& 9 Hi-Resolution Display Formats from 28 to 255 columns by 24
lines.
ir> True Upper and Lower Case display format.
ir> Three Different Programmable Header lines, re-definable at
anytime.
ir> Programmable Footer line & Automatic Footnote System.
<& 10 Programmable Tab stops & 7 Tab Function Commands.
<r> Automatic Line Justification, Centering, Flush left and Flush
right.
ir> On screen display of underlining and Double size characters.
<& Change indents, margins, line length, etc. at anytime in a
document.
<& Create and Edit files larger than memory, up to the size of a
full disk.
ir> Easily imbed any number of format and control codes for
printers.
<r> Automatic Memory sense 16-64K with up to 48K of
workspace.
ir> Typist Friendly line and Command format entry w/ auto key
repeat.
<r> Fully supports the use of 80 column hardware cards.
TEXTPRO III is an advanced word processing system designed
for speed, flexability and extensive document processing. It is not
like most of the other word processing programs available for the
Color Computer. If you are looking for a simple word processor to
write letters or other short documents, then most likely you'll be
better off with one of the other word processors. But, if you want a
powerful word processing program with extensive document
formatting features to handle large documents, term papers, man-
uals, complex formating problems and letter writing, then TEX-
TPRO is what your looking for. TEXTPRO works in a totally
different way than most word processing programs. It uses simple 2
character abbreviations of words or phrases for commands and
formatting information that you imbed directly in your text. There
are over 50 different formating commands you can use without ever
leaving the text your working on. There are no time comsuming,
and often furstrating menu chases, you are in total control at all
times. The formatted output can be displayed directly on the screen,
showing you exactly what your printed document will look like
before a single word is ever printed. This includes margins, head-
ers, footers, page numbers, page breaks, underlining, column
formating and full justification.
Disk $59.95 Tape $49.95
To order products by mail, send check or money order for the amount of
purchase, plus $3.00 for shipping & handling to the address below.
To order by VISA, MASTERCARD or C.O.D. call us at the
number listed below (Monday thru Saturday, 8am to 5pm PST).
CER-COMP
5566 Ricochet Avenue
Las Vegas, Nevada 89110
S (702) 452-0632 ST
DISK
$ 44.95
Introducing The "Super Smart"
DATA PACK II
TERMINAL COMMUNICATIONS SOFTWARE
Also Supports The PBJ 80 Column "Word Pak", Deluxe RS-232 Pak,
Parallel Printer Card and PBJ 2SP Pak
"FEATURES'
No Lost Information When Using Hi-Resolution Display On Line
ASCII Compatible File Format
Full Text Buffering
Terminal Baud Rates 300 to 9600
Automatic Word Wrap Eliminates Split Words
Full /Half Duplex
Automatic File Capture
Programmable Word Length, Parity and Slop Bits
Save and Load Text Buffer and Program Key Buffers to Tape
or Disk
9 Hi-Resolution Display Formats, 28 to 255 x 24
True Upper/ lower Case Display
Kill Graphics Option for an Extra 6K
Supports Line Break
Freeze Display and Review Information On Line
Send Files Directly from Buffer or Disk
Full Disk Support for Disk Version
Send Control Codes from Keyboard
Separate Printer Baud Rates 110-9600
Display on Screen or Output Contents of Buffer to Printer
Automatic Memory Sense 16-64K
9 Programmable Function Key Variable Length Macro Buffer
Programmable Prompt Character or Delay to Send Next Line
Programmable Control Character Trapping
Programmable Open 'Close Buffer Characters
Automatic Key Repeat For Editing
Program and Memory Status Displays
TAPE
$ 34.95
"The Source"
has arrived!
The Source brings the cost of Disassembler and Assembler Source code
generation down to Earth.
Now you can Disassemble Color Computer machine language programs and generate
beautiful, Assembler Source Code for a fraction of the cost of other Disassembler/Source
Generator programs.
The Source has all the features and functions you are looking for in a Disassembler.
Automatic label generation.
Allows specifying FCB. FCC and FDB areas.
Disassembles programs directly from Disk.
Supports multiple origin disk files.
Output complete Disassembled listing with labels to the Printer, Screen or both.
Generates Assembler compatible source files directly to disk.
Generated source files are in standard ASCII format that can be edited by most word processors.
Built in Hex/Ascii dump/display to help locate FCB, FCC and FDB areas In a program.
Fast Disassembly mode for testing & checking FCB. FCC and FDB mapped areas.
Built In Disk Directory and Kill file commands.
Menu display with single key commands for smooth. Easy, almost foolproof operation.
Starship Falcon
Graphics Adventure Game
U
32K Disk $34*95
EC
Six months ago a terrorist group demanded to be designated the rulers of
Alpha Sigma III, under the threat of world starvation on the planet Earth. The
Federation denied their demands, so they released a biological weapon which
has destroyed all known edible plant species from throughout the known gal-
axy. To date no plant life has been able to survive on Earth. Recently, Federation
undercover agents have reported a story told by a roving space trader, of a
planet with abundant edible plant life. These plants have a reputation of being
able to survive in all climates and in fact, are supposed to grow at an incredible
rate. The Federation is desperate! If Earth's food source is not replaced soon,
the Federation will have to evacuate all animal and Human life. Your mission
is to go to the planet Zephyr and obtain the seed of these plants and return to
Earth. Several Federation agents have been sent to obtain the seeds and none
has returned! Can you get the seed and survive??? GOOD LUCK!
32K Disk $21.95
Screen Enhancement Program Comparison Chart
PROGRAM FEATURES HI RES II HI-RES I BRAND X
NEW OLD
NEW IMPROVED VERSION
- UP TO 85 CHARACTERS PER LINE
READABILITY
- ADJUSTABLE A UTOMA TIC KEYREPEA T
> PROPTECT 1-23 SCREEN LINES
- CONTROL CODE KEYBOARD
FULLY BASIC COMPATIBLE
DISPLAY FORMATS OF 2H to 255 CHARACTERS PER LINE
FULL 96 UPPER/LOWER CASE CHARACTERS
MIXED GRAPHICS & TEXT OR SEPARATE
GRAPHIC & TEXT SCREENS
INDIVIDUAL CHARACTER HIGHLIGHTING
REVERSE CHARACTER HIGHLIGHT MODE
WRITTEN IN FAST MACHINE LANGUAGE
AUTOMATIC RELOCATES TO TOP OF 16/32K
AUTOMATICALLY SUPPORTS 64 K of RAM WITH RESET CONTROL
REVERSE SCREEN
ON SCREEN UNDERLINE
DOUBLE SIZE CHARACTERS
ERASE TO END OF LINE
ERASE TO END OF SCREEN
HOME CURSOR
BELL TONE CHARACTER
HOME CURSOR & CLEAR SCREEN
REQUIRES ONLY 2K OF RAM
COMPATIBLE WITH ALL TAPE & DISK SYSTEMS
Hl-KES 11 SCREEN UULliy
■f- gatw i M' j o u b i e H e i ? h 1 ct i drarJfcr i
□n Screen .
P r o t e c t r r oh 1 to 5 <x r * e n I i fr <p j
F 11 1 1 s * t of Cursor Control F unc 1 1 oh s
Tru<? Upper Loner case character r*t
lanngM 'ttifTMiiffiiUfiiiiBiiM
Adjust at I * line lengths fron 28 to 255 characters
J 8 Character? per line
J 2 ( h i r k t » r ; per line
> 6 Characters per line
42 Char act erf per line
51 Characters per line
*1 Chjr |c!»l i t*r I in»
IS fKftf+tS NT III*
Ful I (ontroT Code Keyboard 4 flvtoriatic Ke- Rereat
Hi wed Text and Graphics in PMDDE 4 and Much More.
fill functions are easi I •■ pro9r awn sbl e thru BflSI'!
Fullv BflilC COMPATIBLE including CLS * PS'IHl 3
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Buff/Biack
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
$94.95 $oq
Mm* TAPE mmt <Jr
95
DISK
ALL ORDERS SHIPPED FROM STOCK
ADD $2.50 POSTAGE
r
Circle Reader Service card #335
cump
5566 Ricochet Avenue Las Vegas, Nevada 89110
(702) 152-0632
Upper/Lower case characters Yes
Mixed Text and Graphics
Separate Text & Graphics
Print @ fully implemented
Print @ nn all Ime lengths
Different line lengths
Automatic Kev Repeat
Adjustable Kev Repeab
Auto Repeat Disable
Erase to end of line/screen
Home Cursor
Solid or Blinking Curr.or
CLS command supported
X.Y Coordinate Cursor
Positioning
Double Size Characters
Individual/Continuous
Highlighting
On Screen Underlining
Clear Key functional
16 32 & f)4K Supported
Green or Black Background
Color
Dual Character sets for
Enhanced 64 and K5
Characters per line display Yes
Protected Screen Lines
(programmable) 1 to 23
Full Control Code Keyboard
for Screen control directly
from the keyboard Yes
Programmable Tab Character
Spacing Yes
Full Screen Reverse Function Yes
Switch to & from the Standard
16 by 32 Screen for full
compatabilitv
On Error Goto Function
Extended Basic Required
All Machine Language ProyramYes
RAM Required in addition lo
Screen RAM 2K
Program Price (Tape) $24 95
Yes
Yes Yes
Yes Yes
Yes Yes
Yes Yes
28 to 255 {9)28 to 255 (9)
Yes
N -
No
Yes
Yes
No
Buff/ Black
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
C)ear/L keysClear kev
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
No
Yes
No
No
No
No
No
Yes
No
No
Yes
Yes
2K
$19 95
Yes
Yes
No
Yes
51 only
51 only(l)
Yes
b
Y^s
Yes
Yes
Buff/Black
No
No
No
No
No
Yes
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
2K
$29 95
VISA. MASTERCARD AND C.O.D. ACCEPTED
Software ReviewA
7£\
Memory Minder: Insurance
Against Costly Repairs
By Dale Shell
J & M has supported our CoCo in the past and is
continuing with its new and improved disk controller, a
nicely packaged disk drive and Memory Minder, a disk
drive test program. All three products interlink and are very
good.
The new disk controller is well made, with J & NTs
standard metal case and gold contacts on the circuit board.
It is compatible with both the original CoCo and the new
CoCo 2s. The new features include a parallel port which
supports either a Centronics compatible printer or J & M's
new hard drive. Another new feature is an external ROM
switch, which allows switching between two ROM (DOS)
chips. The controller comes with the new version of JDOS
and the associated manual. The new JDOS comes on a
27128, 16K EPROM. This is a 28-pin chip. This socket also
accepts a 2764, 28-pin EPROM. The other socket inside the
controller accepts the standard 24-pin chip. This can be a
Radio Shack Disk BASIC ROM, a 68766 or 68764 EPROM.
Therefore, you can have two DOSs installed and can
switch between the two. While the new JDOS is much more
BASIC COMPILER
WASATCH* ARE believes that users ol The Color Computer deserve the
right to use all 64k of RAM that Is available in the computer, and have
fast machine language programs that use the full potentlul of the 6H(iy
microprocessor. That is why the BASIC compiler, called MLBASIC *us
developed. Here are some of the reasons that make this compiler one of
the beat bargains in this magazine:
- U«e 64k of RAM for program storage and/or variables
• Tuil floating Point arithmetic expressions with functions
*• T^Ml sequential and direct access disk files allowed
- BASIC source and M.L, output I/O to disk, tape or memory
- Many new commands that expand your programming capability
Commands Supported
1. I/O -Commands
CLOSE CLOADM CSAVEM DIR DRIVE
GET INPL'T KILL LSET OPEN
2. Program Control Commands
CALL END EXEC FOR STEP
THEK ELSE ERROR ON.. CO RETURN
3. Math Functions
ABS ASC ATN
INT LEN LOG
SGN SIN SQR
4. String Functions
CHR$ 1NKEYS LEFTS
COS CVN
LOC LOF
TAN TIMER
DSKIS
PRINT
NEXT
STOP
EOF
PEEK
VAL
DSKOS
PUT
FIELD
RSET
GOSUB GOTO
SUBROUTINE
EXP
POINT
FIX
PPOINT
FILES
USING
IF
IN5TR
RND
MIDS
MKKS
RIGHTS STRS
STRINGS
5. Graphic/Sound Commands
COLOR CLS CIRCLE DRAK
PMODE PRESET PSET RESET
6. Other/Special Commands
DATA DIM LL1ST MOTOR
TAB VERIFY DLD DST
REAL SREG SWP VECTD
LIKE PAINT
SCREEN SET
POKE READ
IBSHFT LREG
VECTI
PCLEAR PCLS PLAY
SOUND
REM
PCOPY
RESTORE RL S
PMODD PT\
Compiled Program Speed
Program Interpret e r
Era tosthenes Sieve 6:58.7
Matrix Fill , Mult , Sum
10x10 U:30.9
String Manipulation 6:22.5
Floating Point 0:32,6
Disk I/O
(2000 PRINT/INPUTS) 2:21.5
(Time in nlnu tee. ; seconds )
MLBASIC
0:06. 3
0:02.5
2:17.7
0:30.6
0:27.6
RAINBOW
CERTIFICATION
SEAL
DON'T HESITATE. . . BUY MLBASIC TODAY
Disk - $69.95
Tape - $69.95
Both - $74.95
64 K REQUIRED
Include $4.00 Shipping and Handling
Utah residents add 5.75 % tax
Check or Money Orders Only (No C.O.D.)
WasatchWare
7350 Nutree Drive
Salt Lake City, UT
84121
CALL (801) 943-6263
compatible with existing software, this switch allows the use
of a Radio Shack DOS in the second socket, thereby
eliminating all compatibility problems. If you want to, you
can replace the JDOS chip with a DOS burned into a 27128
or 2764 EPROM. With both sockets available and the
ability to use either 2764s or 27128s in one of the sockets,
this really leaves open a host of options. The new JDOS
includes all the older JDOS commands plus the ability to
boot OS-9 from either a floppy disk or a hard drive. It can
also boot Memory Minder, the disk drive analysis program,
but more on that option later.
The parallel port can be used for either a printer or hard
drive. At this time, J & M has the five meg and 10 meg drives
available, with the 20 meg promised by the time this review
is published. The hard drives work with OS-9. The hard
drive memory can be broken up into as many as seven
partitions, but none can be larger than five meg.
The printer option allows the use of the serial port for
other purposes, but it does have a few drawbacks. First, it
does not come with a printer cable. Secondly, if you have
a printer that requires a pulse width of six ms or larger, you
will have to use a pulse extender. This can be purchased from
J & M for $25. You need to check your printer manual and/
or call J&M to find out. Some of the printers that need the
extender include the Epson RX-80, Riteman Plus, Oxidata
Microline 83, and all Olivetti printers.
You can get the new JDOS controller alone or with a drive
system. The drive system includes the new JFD-CP disk
controller, complete with the new version of JDOS
operating system, and a drive with case and power supply.
The options include either a single- or double-sided drive.
I really like the horizontal mounting that J&M uses, and
the case seems to be very sturdy.
With JDOS, using double-sided drives, the smallest
program takes up the equivalent of two granules. There is
really very little that can be said about disk drives. J & M's
have well-built cases and they are reasonably quiet.
The last part of this trio is the Memory Minder. With this
you are presented with a menu for clamping test, spindle
speed test, index hole timing test, alignment sensitivity test,
head alignment test, directional seek test, head rotation test,
a special quick test and options for an analog alignment aid
or change test parameters.
The test provides a quick summary indication of your
disk drives for all the tests listed. Once this test is started,
it runs to completion. On each of the seven tests you will
get either a pass, marginal or fail indication for that test.
If you get a marginal or fail, you should test that section
more closely, or have it tested by a qualified technician.
A word of warning, however: If you find an error and
See You at
R Al N BO Wf est-Princeton
October 17-19
1 44 THE RAINBOW September 1 986
you are not technically familiar with the hardware, I suggest
you get expert advice before adjusting anything, since you
may make it worse. Some test conditions are affected by
other factors and not just the one that is being tested. As
in the clamping test, the quality of diskette clamping is
normally a function of how well the diskette is rotating in
a circle, but if the drive is out of alignment, the clamping
test results may be meaningless. Make sure you read all the
notes in the DDA manual. If you do get a fail on the
clamping test and the diskette is not the problem, then the
problem should be referred to the manufacturer.
The spindle speed test measures the rotational speed of
the disk drive. The speed should be between 294-306 RPMs.
If you have a disk drive manual, this should be easy to
adjust. Just remember, if you have not done this before, be
careful. The next test, the index hole timing test, measures
the time difference between the leading edge of the index
hole and the beginning of the sector ID mark. Ideally, the
time will be 200 microseconds, but can be in the range of
100-300 ms. This is a fairly large margin, but if the timing
is out, the DDA manual gives the procedure for adjustment.
Another feature of the test allows you to determine the
skew of the head. This is to determine if the head is
perpendicular to the disk surface. To do this test, just
compare the difference of hole timing from the inside and
outside tracks. This is not something you can adjust, so let
us hope it is OK. If the head skew is out, you will have to
return the drive for refurbishment.
The alignment sensitivity and head alignment tests are
used during head alignment. The alignment sensitivity test
relates to how tolerant the drives will be to a slight head
misalignment.
The directional seek test gives a measurement of how
precisely the drives can repeatedly position the head over
any track on the disk. The test measures the radial alignment
when the head is moved in to a test track and then when
it is moved out of the test track. The two measurements are
compared; any discrepancies are probably due to hysteresis,
and if excessive, the drive should be refurbished.
The last test is the head rotation test. This test determines
how close to the center line of the tracks the head moves.
The optimum alignment will have the head center line
parallel to the track tangent line.
The analog alignment aid is not a test, but is very useful
if you are testing drives in the traditional manner using an
oscilloscope and an analog alignment disk. This section
allows you to start and stop the drive motor, and position
the drive head. There is very little that is automatic. This
is useful to the more experienced.
Overall, 1 think the DDA is a good product to have
around. A technician can use it in his day-to-day work and
the casual user can periodically check the different
parameters of the drives to see if a technician is needed.
Early detection of a problem can reduce or eliminate costly
repairs.
The price varies according to what controller you have,
but $59 for single-sided and $75 for double-sided drives can
be thought of as insurance against repairs in the future.
(J & M Systems Ltd., 15100- A Central SE, Albuquerque,
NM 87123, Drive 0 (SS) $279, controller $139, Memory
Minder (SS) $59, (SS or DS) $75)
Software ReviewSSZ ZSZSS^/^n
Get a Kick from Karate
Karate is a game for either one or two players requiring
a 64K ECB Color Computer and joysticks. The software
is available on either disk or tape, and is copy protected.
After loading the program, you are greeted with a color
test screen. Here you are given the opportunity to correct
the color by resetting the computer. The main title screen
follows and has spaces to list the top 10 scores. After
selecting either one or two players, you are ready for action.
The object of Karate is to knock down your opponent
using various karate moves, kicks and punches to score
points. Your points are displayed at the top left of the screen.
In a two-player game, the first player to win two matches
is the winner. The number of matches won for each player
is displayed at the bottom of the screen. In the one-player
matches the opponent is the computer.
Action is controlled by the joystick(s) and the following
karate moves are possible: low kick (trip), forward kick to
body, backward kick to body, front punch to head, front
punch to body, front kick to head, backward kick to head
and drop kick. In addition to these moves, your man can
do either forward or backward flips. The moves and
punches appear authentic. Obviously the programmer,
Dave Dies, knows something about this popular Oriental
sport.
The graphics are really outstanding, and unique sounds
are used with the score screen. One man has a blue belt and
hair, while the other has a red belt and hair.
My only complaint, after learning that the software is
copy protected, is that no mention is made in either the
documentation or the RAINBOW ads about a warranty.
Certainly the author has a right to protect his software, but
he should also tell the customer what can be done in the
event a problem develops with the program.
If you are into karate, you will get a kick out of this
program. But even if you're not, you will find it an
interesting game and a pleasant diversion from typical
computer fare.
(Diecom Products, 8715 Fifth Line, Milton, Ontario,
Canada L9T 2X8, tape or disk $28.95 U.S., $38.95 Can. plus
$2 S/H)
— Jerry Semones
CoCo Trend
Name brand software
^ c, at least 20% off %J^A
Cry$P suggested retail. %/ h ^
15001 Glory Dr. Huntsville, Alabama 35803
(205) 880-COCO (2626)
Call or write for free catalog.
September 1986 THE RAINBOW 145
Software Review,
OS -9 Utilities Give
Added Power to OS-9
One of the nicest things about OS-9 is you are not limited
to the utilities that come with the package. The Other Guy's
Software is offering a package with some interesting and
useful utilities you just might want to try.
I received OS-9 Utilities on a disk setup in the popular
style having the programs located in their own subdirectory
called /cmds. The utilities supplied in the package are:
Bmode, changes parameters on random block file managers
(i.e., disk drives); Calc, a scientific calculator with memory;
Cat, lists files to the standard output; Cptree, copies all of
one directory (including any subdirectories) to another
directory; CP, copies one file to another file; Crypt,
encrypts/ decrypts files; FRS, reads a Radio Shack DOS
text file under OS-9; Grep, a patterned search routine;
Hcalc, a hexadecimal calculator; Help, provides help on a
user-specified topic; Locate, locates all occurrences of a
specified filename in a specified directory (includes all of
its subdirectories); Lower, changes all uppercase letters in
a specified file to lowercase letters; Mkdir, makes directo-
ries; MV, moves files from one place to another, deleting
the old file as it writes the new one; RM, deletes a specified
file or files; Split, splits one file into several files of specified
lengths; TF, formats text for display or printing; TRS,
writes an OS-9 file on a Radio Shack DOS disk; Upper,
o* 6
THE RAINBOW'S
ne-Liner Contest
has now been expanded
to include programs of
either one or two lines. This
means a new dimension and new
opportunity for those who have "really
neat" programs that simply just won't fit in
one line.
Here are the guidelines: The program must
work in Extended basic, have only one or two
line numbers and be entirely self-contained —
no loading other programs, no calling ROM
routines, no poked-in machine language code.
The program has to run when typed in directly
(since that's how our readers will use it). Make
sure your line, or lines, aren't packed so tightly
that the program won't list completely. Finally,
any instructions needed should
be very short.
Send your entry
(preferably on cassette) to:
changes all occurrences of lowercase letters to uppercase
letters in a specified file; Rsdir, reads the directory of a
Radio Shack DOS disk under OS-9.
In addition to these twenty utilities, the package also
contains three devices. They are MEM, a RAM disk; NUL,
a null device; QUE, a device for ordering command
processing
I am not familiar with OS-9 packaged for applications
other than the Color Computer. Some of the utilities
included in the package duplicate utilities that come with
CoCo OS-9 packages. These are RM, which seems to be
the same as the OS-9 DEL command, CA T, which seems
to be the same as the OS-9 LIST command, and MKDIR,
which does the same job as the OS-9 MAKDIR command.
All of the utilities ran without a hitch, except Bmode,
which the documentation warns will probably not work
with the standard CoCo OS-9 drivers.
It would be hard to pick one utility over the others. I liked
several of them. The ones I would use most often would
be Cptree to copy all the files in a / cmds directory, and MV,
which allows you to move a file from one place to another,
deleting the file from its former position as it copies it to
its new position.
The only minus mark for this package is for the docu-
mentation. The package comes with almost no documen-
tation and the user is expected to get instructions from the
Help files. The package does come with a three-page
photocopy of the installation instructions. I solved the
problem of documentation by loading List into memory and
then listing each of the Help files to the printer. This gave
me a pretty respectable set of instructions.
An unfortunate fact of CoCo OS-9 life is a shortage of
both disk and memory space. For this reason I would
suggest that a new purchaser of this package load each of
these utilities into memory one at a time and then execute
them to evaluate whether they deserve a spot in the /cmds
directory or not. I believe you will find a spot for at least
one or two.
Of the four qualities I look for in a utility — ease of use,
usefulness, relative freedom from bugs and value for the
price — this package qualifies on all four. I have already
purchased two of these utilities separately for much more
than the price of the entire package from The Other Guy's
Software.
I recommend OS-9 Utilities without reservation to
anyone who uses OS-9.
(The Other Guy's Software, P.O. Box H, Logan, UT 84321,
$19.95 plus $2.50 S/H)
— Larry Goldwasser
CHECKING ACCOUNT INFORMATION SYSTEM
Let your CoCo ease the task of nanagino your checking
accounts with CAIS, Record deposits, checks, ATn
transactions, interest, service charges and other
debit/credit transactions. Reconcile and balance your
accounts in ainutes. Search and edit capabilities.
Requires 32K and 1 disk drive (ain). Printer optional.
To order, send check or HO for 24.95 plus 2.50 S/H to:
(SC res. add 5Z sales tax)
After Five Software
P.O. Box 210975
CoJuilua, S.C. 29221-0975
(Reviewed in RAINBOW April '86 issue, pg. 185)
RAINBOW
CERTIFICATION
SEAL
146 THE RAINBOW September 1986
v
Those Great RAINBOW Programs
Without All The Fuss!
Subscribe to RAINBOW ON TAPE!
Every month, rainbow on tape brings as many as two dozen ready-to-run
prog rams rrght to you. Using the current issue of the rainbow as documen-
tation, all you have to do is load and run them. Just a one-year subscription
gives you more than 230 new programs! The typing time saved is time that
can be spent with the CoCo. (rainbow on tape does not include OS-9
programs or those less than 20 lines.)
Need a back issue of rainbow on tape?
Issues available beginning with April 1982
Subscribe to rainbow on tape Today!
LOOK FOR OUR ORDER CARD
BETWEEN PAGES 34 AND 35
The cost for a single copy of rainbow on
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rate for rainbow on tape is $80 within the U.S.;
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NOW AVAILABLE ON DELPHI!
For your convenience, RAINBOW ON TAPE can also be
ordered via the Delphi Information Network, in our Shopping
Service area of THE rainbow's Color Computer SIG (Special
Interest Group).
The individual programs from our past September issues
are also available for immediate download in the rainbow
ON TAPE Database area in THE rainbow's Color Computer
SIG on Delphi. There is a $3.50 per program surcharge.
RAINBOW ON TAPE is not a stand-alone product, but is
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Even if you purchase RAINBOW ON TAPE, you will still need
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To order by phone, (credit card orders only) call
800-847-0309, 8 a.m. - 5 p.m. EST. All other
inquiries call 502-228-4492.
Programs from Our Past
Education Issues:
September 1985 — CoCo Testmaker, a test-writing program
to aid teachers and students; Hand Sign, demonstrates the
manual signs and gestures used in sign language; Pictograph,
illustrates children's daily schedules; Teacher's Aid, calcu-
lates grade averages and determines letter grades for up to
35 students; Starfinder, displays 12 of the more picturesque
constellations and provides educational information on each
one; Vocabulary, a personalized computer dictionary;
Baseball Fever2, depicts the graphics logo of each of the
National League teams; Tricky Words, a language program
for practice in the correct use of contractions and posses-
sives; Canada, a quiz on capital cities and provinces of
Canada; Col-Poem, composes poems by user's entered
statements; Diving, both a springboard and platform diving
game; Oratory, compiles and prints contest scores; and
Bookmark, a computerized Dewey Decimal System.
September 1984 — Clock, teaches youngsters to tell time;
Goldpile, displays or prints out how your stashed accounts
are growing; MC Quiz, aids in making multiple-choice tests;
Cooking With CoCo, a recipe for patch addresses; Mystery,
a learning game designed to test on various countries in the
world; Database Manager, part III on creating a disk mailing
list; Word Scrambler, provides drill and practice of assigned
spelling words; Mad Adder, a logical math exercise; ABC
Game, a learning tool for preschoolers; CoCo School Marm
Part I, creates spelling and pronunciation drills using the
cassette recorder; Map, a colorful states and capitals quiz;
Education Notes, a calendar creator; and Wishing Weil, a
multi-math driller.
Software Revie ivZ^^ M "^"*'"'S^
1986 Tax Estimate:
A Good Deal
I am not the typical customer for tax preparation
programs. Having done my own income tax returns for over
20 years, I expect an unusual degree of both sophistication
and user friendliness. When I reviewed Try-O-Byte's Try-
O-Tax program some months ago, I criticized formatting
and a number of other details. At that time, I remarked that
the best part of the package, good enough to be sold as
stand-alone software, was a short program which estimated
one's tax liability for next year so rapidly that it could
conveniently be used to ask "what if" one changes withhold-
ing, establishes an IRA, swaps jobs, and so forth.
1986 Tax Estimate is an upgraded development of that
small program, and it is so well-done that I look forward
with great anticipation to this firm's future efforts. In an
estimation program, many of the items I discussed earlier
are of no consequence, and 1986 Tax Estimate is not Try-
O- Tax for 1986. However, the quality is superb, and implies
one should give serious consideration to Try-o-Byte
products.
1 only tested the disk version. However, the total program
storage is under 9K. Try-O-Byte has had tax programs
running in 16K cassette systems for years, so this one should
do so easily. A PCLERR might be needed, but that is about
all.
TE86 is sold at or below cost as a sales gimmick; I can-
not think of a better way to advertise a tax program. At
$5, with the back side of the disk totally blank and with
over 90 percent of the front side also empty, this is too good
a deal to pass up. Use the disk for a tax record scratch pad
storage area, and consider the program almost free.
No documentation is supplied, but in this case, the menu-
driven program is adequately clear and the user probably
does not need added documentation.
The user enters estimated values for various items of tax
data such as wages, interest income, dividends and similar
things. The input includes such categories as income data,
deduction data, credits for taxes paid or withheld and so
on. From this information a rapid estimate of tax liability
can be made of payment due or refund expected. The speed
of operation (three to five minutes including agonizing over
input values) allows one to play games with how various
decisions will affect your income taxes. Most users will
simply use it to see if their withholding is correct and
adequate, but the capability to analyze more elaborate
issues exists. If a particular input item is of little conse-
quence in your case, or the data is not available, an entry
of zero is acceptable.
There are some glaring omissions — for example, there
is no entry location for unemployment compensation or for
social security benefits for those cases where these are
taxable income items, nor is separate entry provided for
refunds of state income tax when the refund is taxable
income. There is no calculation for excess social security
taxes paid because of multiple employers. However, most
users faced with these situations are aware of them and are
likely to make compensating adjustments at the other
option. Still, the omissions are somewhat surprising
considering how carefully the author considered other
categories such as dividends, interest, etc.
The items entered are not recorded in any manner, and
are lost at the end of the run. I found this forced me to keep
a small scratch pad handy. Normally I would severely
criticize any program that did that, but in this case I consider
the decision justified. The input list, while fairly compre-
hensive (about two dozen items), is still short enough for
rapid regeneration, and most users will find over half the
list is entered as zero because many categories may not
apply. And, more important, the confidentiality of financial
information is protected by the lack of printout.
The program outputs to an optional printer; just
remember to set the Baud rate prior to the run. The output
is very short — Estimated Taxable Income, Estimated Tax
Liability and Estimated Payment or Refund.
In summary, 1986 Tax Estimate is worth getting, and if
you like it you should consider Try-O-Byte's other products.
(Try-O-Byte, 1008 Alton Circle, Florence, SC 29501, disk
or tape $5)
— H. Larry El man
CAMION COUNTY DETICES
P. 0. BOX C kH!MlMI;l.UmaSSl
SAUGUS, CA. 91350
SOFT SECTORED
DISKS
DI SKS IN PACKAGES OF 10
PER PACK 3 PACKS
SSDD S 7.95
DSDD $ B.95
$22.50
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WITH HUB RINGS, SLEEVES,
LABELS, & WRITE PR0T.TABS
100% ERROR FREE WARRANTY
COLORS AVAILABLE. ALSO 3.5 in.
MICRO DISKS AT SIMILAR SAVINGS,
CALL OR WRITE FOR PRICES.
10% DISCOUNT
ON ALL ORDERS OF
$20.00 OR MORE.
OUR PRICES COULD
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50% OR MORE FROM
LOCAL, OVER-THE-
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No handling charge on orders
of $20 or more.
ADD $1.50 handling on orders
of less than $20. COD orders
add $1.50 COD charge.
Calif, sales add 6.5% tax.
Cataloa#
101-1090
101-1410
101-1505
101-2240
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101-2270
101-2900
101-4315
101-4505
101-4515
101-4525
101-4970
101-4970
101-5545
All Guaranteed
Discription
Per
Ri bbon
Brother HR 15/25 (nylonT
Centronics 150/152-2/159
C.Itoh Prowriter I & 1 1
Epson LX80 Spectrumf nyl on) I $ 5.95
$ 6.60
$ 6.15
$5.05
Epson MX/ FX/RX70/80( nylon
Epson MX/FX/RX 100 (nylon
IBM SelectricIKCorrectbl
NEC 5500/7700 Spinwriter
Okidata ML80/82/83/92793
Okidata ML84 (nylon)
$ 4.95
5 6.85
$1.95
Box
of 6
$ 36.15
$ 33.65
S 27.75
$ 32.65
S 27.25
$ 37.60
$50-$150
per order
$ 35.05
$ 32.65
$ 26.85
$ 10.90
5 7.401$ 40.60
$ 2.15
$ 4.85
Okidata Mi croline 182/192
RadioShack TRS-80 LP VI 1
Gori 11a Banana (nyl on)
Tal ly/Mannes. Spirit 80
Ribbons for most printers available.
& discription of printer for Quote &
Quantity Discount Prices available i
mix ribbons (minimum 1 box per Ijrpe]
Colors available in some popytar tyn
$ 8.90
$ 7.40
$ 7.40
S 6.95
$ 11.90
$ 26.75
$ 49.00
$ 40.60
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$ 26.40
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5 38.10' 1$ 36.95
Send us your name, address,
Catalog.
n larger quantities. OK to
for Discounts.
t%. SEND FOR CATALOG.
1 48 THE RAINBOW September 1 986
Hardware Review!
Uninterrupted Power Source
Prevents File Loss
The Uninterrupted Power Source is a hardware peri-
pheral for the Color Computer from Dynamic Electronics
Inc. UPS should be seriously looked at by the user of the
CoCo who is concerned about losing files due to a sudden
power loss. Businesses and schools using the CoCo should
be very interested in this product.
Of course, if you make frequent backups of your files,
then perhaps a sudden loss of data and/ or programs may
not be devastating. But, UPS can help even the casual user
in some instances. I was particularly interested since I teach
computer literacy with 12 CoCos connected to a Network
2 controller. I have experienced intermittent loss of power
when teaching a lesson, which meant reloading the host
computer, and then resending the program to the class via
the Network.
The Uninterrupted Power Source is designed to provide
backup power to five-volt memory chips when commercial
power fails, preventing the loss of data and programs. UPS
consists of a rechargeable battery, an electronic control
circuit, a light emitting diode (LED) and a small toggle
switch. If youVe ever lost power before making a backup,
then you know the frustration. Uninterrupted Power Source
prevents this with a simple installation.
UPS comes with one page of instructions. The installa-
tion is relatively simple and the only equipment needed is
a soldering iron for one connection and a small drill for the
LED and toggle switch.
Installation consists of removing the CoCo's cover and
finding various components on the board. The instructions
state clearly which component to solder one lead to from
the rechargeable battery, depending on the model of CoCo
you have.
Then, the two other leads from the battery can be placed
on either designated pins of the BASIC or Extended BASIC
ROM chips, or designated pins of any RAM chip using
One- Liner Contest Winner . . .
Enter the number of grades to be
program tells how you are doing,
grade inputs on a 100-point scale.
The listing:
averaged and this
The program bases
J3 CLS : INPUT" ENTER # OF GRADES TO
BE ENTERED 11 ;N: FORX=lTON: INPUT 11 E
NTER GRADES" ;G: S=S+G:NEXTX : A=S/N
: PRI NT " NUMBER OF GRADES"N: PRINT"
TOTAL POINTS 11 S : PRINT "AVERAGE "A
- Tom Baylie
Chicago, IL
(For this winning one-Uner contest entry, the author has been sent copies
of both The Rainbow Book of Simulations and its companion The Rainbow
Simulations Tape.)
eyelets which are easily slid over the correct pin. Then
reinsert the chips. I chose the RAM-chip option and the
entire operation with the leads and soldering took only 10
minutes.
The rest of the installation involves drilling the holes in
the case for the LED and the toggle switch. The recharge-
able battery should then be placed under the keyboard. I
discovered the best place on my machine is on the right side
of the center post. The fit was not as tight and the cover
could be reset very easily.
Then came the acid test. I loaded a program into the
machine and switched the toggle switch to enable the UPS.
Then, 1 turned off the CoCo and turned it back on. Lo and
behold, the program was still in memory and would even
still run. According to Dynamic Electronics, the battery
should retain the memory for "a couple of hours."
The toggle switch can be moved to the disable position
if you do not want to protect memory during a session on
the computer. The LED is a visual aid in determining
whether memory is being protected once the machine is off.
The battery is recharged when the CoCo is on, and the
electronic circuit prevents overcharging.
In summary, the Uninterrupted Power Source is a
product 1 can see a need for in many computing situations.
If you're using the CoCo for important data, then UPS
could be a wise investment. If it saves an important data
file only once, then it may be worth it.
(Dynamic Electronics Inc., P.O. Box 896, Hartselle, AL
35640, $59.95)
— Donald A. Turowski
ADOS
ENHANCED, EPROM-ABLE
DISK BASIC
Now, you can supercharge Basic with an impressive array of extra features
WITHOUT sacrificing compatibility! ADOS is compatible with virtually 100% of
commercial software. Customizing utilities are provided to allow user-defined
command abbreviations, baud rate, step rate, tracks per disk (35 or 40), support of
double-sided drives, and more. After customizing ADOS, you can have it burned into
an EPROM that plugs into the Disk Basic ROM socket, or just use it in RAM as a 64K
disk utility. (EPROM + burning will cost about $20--we provide information
concerning how you can have this done.) Features include: • repeat and edit of the
last direct-mode command • 26 definable control-key abbreviations • automatic line-
number prompts • DOS command • lowercase command entry (a fine complement to
a Lowerkit or PBJ WordPak) • COPY (filename) to (drive number) • AE error override
option • RAM command (64K) • RUNM command • text echoing to printer • ML
monitor • text file scan • enhanced directory • error trapping • hi-res text utility
included (42, 51. or 64 characters per line)
"/ COULD NOT FIND ANY SOFTWARE THAT WOULD NOT RUN UNDER ADOS."
THE RAINBOW, December 1984
"/ LOVE ADOSt ...A GENUtNEL Y FIRST RATE PRODUCT."
Color Micro Journal, February 1985
*7 WON'T PART WITH MY ADOS EPROM FOR ANYTHING ...NO COMPATIBILITY
PROBLEMS."
Hot CoCo.May 1985
Disk. $27.95
THE PEEPER
ML PROGRAM TRACER
Monitor machine-language programs AS THEY ARE RUNNING! Peeper actually
timeshares with the target program, giving FULL CONTROL as ML programs run.
Switch instantly between watching regular program output and Peeper's trace of
registers and stack on screen or printer. Inspect memory in any of 26 display modes.
Execution speed can be varied from full speed to the barest crawl, or halted entirely,
as programs run. Single-stepping, breakpoints, memory or register examine/change.
Relocatable, supports 64K use (16K required) See February '85 review.
Disk. $23.95 Tape. $21.95 Assembler source listing ... Add 3.00
THE NEXT BEST THING TO A DISK DRIVE
Fastape allows cassette I/O at 3000 baud- TWICE NORMAL SPEED. It uses the high-
speed (POKE 65495,0) mode, and makes it convenient to stay in this mode
throughout. Features automatic adjustment of cassette and printer parameters when
speod mode is changed. Control-key functions for many Basic commands and for
changing speed modes. Compatible with all file types, and can be used with
Telewriter 64 and many other tape utilities. {16K required) See July '83 review.
-T«p . . .-fWUi 11 I II |NEW DMCPUHT FHIQlll
SPECTRClSYSTEMS^^pF si
No delay on pcra-unal checks (3i
Plenst* ( idi1 0U shipping buiry no credit t.ards or COD s
11111 N Kendall Drive,
Suite A 108
Miami. Florida 33176
(305) 274-3899 Asy
September 1986 THE RAINBOW 149
NEW
New Low Price!
DISK
DRIVES
STARTING AT
. 40Tks 6Ms
/ Double Sided
Double Density
40 or 80 Tracks
1/2 Hght.Teac/Panasonic
TANDON MPI TEAC
WITH CASE &
POWER SUPPLY
$12995
CALL FOR
SALE
PRICES
Speed 6 ms tk to tk and up
Capacity 250k unformatted
Tracks 40
Warranty now 1 YEAR
We carry only the finest quality disk drives *no seconds* no surplus
SATISFACTION GUARANTEED!! ALL DRIVES FULLY TESTED&WARRANTEED
Complete Disk Drive with Power Supply&Case t??9 $129.95
Two Drives in Dual Case & Power Supply t*?9
1/2 ht double sided double density Disk Drives (PanasQnic/Teac)$ $119.95
1/2 ht double sided double density Disk Drive withps&case!.. # . rf ^$499^5 CALL
low to use your new drive system on audio cassette
Single ps&case $44.95 Dual 1/2 ht ps& case $54.95 Dual ps&case.., CaH
CALL
$129.95
Color Computer Controller fj&Ml
DRIVE 0FOR RADIO SHACK COLOR COMPUTER
TANDON, MPI OR TEAC DRIVE (SINGLE SIDED 40 TRACKS SPEED 5 MS TRK TO TRK & UP)
POWER SUPPLY and CASE.TWO DRIVE CABLE WITH ALL GOLD CONNECTORS .
.c^J&M CONTROLLER, MANUAL and DOCUMENTATION $ SALE!
^ . DRIVE (ft FOR RADIO SHACK COLO R COMPUTER
P ^ PANASONIC 1/2 HEIGHT DOUBLE SIDED DOUBLE DENSITY DRIVE 500K unformatted
0 V>>^ POWER SUPPLYand CASE, 2 DRIVE CABLE WITH ALL GOLD CONNECTORS ca^C
J&M CONTROLLER, MANUAL and DOCUMENTATION «... $2-7&95~ # ~ . SALE!
TAKE ADDED SAVINGS ON TWO DRIVE SYSTEMS ttKMm * Dinettes
(33 ccntroioata
.$Call
$29.95
DISKETTES with free library case
Unadvertised Specials
Drives cleaned,aligned& tested ... _
TECHNICAL STAFF ON DUTY, PLEASE CALL FOR ASSISTANCE.
CALL US TODAY!! 617-278-6555 * DEALER INQUIRIES INVITED
ORDER TOLL FREE 1-800-635-0300 617-278-6555
TRUE DATA PRO D UCTS
9 SOUTH MAIN ST We welcome
UXBRIDGE, MASS. 01569
617-278-6555
V
WW
HOURS MON-SAT 9-6 (EST)
• Visa/Master Charge
• Checks (allow 2 weeks for clearing )
• C.O.D. Add $2.00
New Hard Drives
IBM XT
COMPLETE SYSTEM
JUST PLUG IN
Call For
BEST PRICE
COMPATIBLE
Warranty - One Full Year
call for low price
5 to 20 Megabyte, ready to run on the TRS
80 Model I/III/IV/4P, color computer,
SCREEN DUMP PROGRAM
64K UPGRADES $19.95 The best screen dump program for the Epson& Gemini
VIDEO DRIVER
ENABLES YOUR COCO TO OPERATE WITH A
VIDEO MONITOR INSTEAD OF A TELEVISION!
$24.95
Panasonic 1091 Printer 239.95
1091 Printer & SP3& Screen Dump 299.95
printers ever!! Have the option of standard images
reverse w'regular or double sized pictures $-| gss
sp-3 interface for Color Computer
■ 300-19,200 BAUD rates
■ External to printer — No AC Plugs
■ Built in modem /printer switch— no need for
Y-cables or plugging/ unplugging cables
PRINTER CABLES AND
INTERFACES AVAILABLE
Call for current pricing
Only:
$54.95
PRINTERS
$219
NE
MOD
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now
with
screen
dump
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TR UE DATA PR OD UCTS
9 SOUTH MAIN ST.
UXBRIDGE, MASS. 01569
Nothing more to buy:
Dealer inquiries invired
CALL US TODAY!! 617"278"6555
ORDER TOLL FREE 1-800-635-0300
1
I *
Orders
800-628-2828
Ext. 850
Information
301-521-4886
The Handicappers!
The Pros
Tired of wrestling with Sunday point
spreads? Let your Color Computer
do it for you! Pigskin Predictions, the
best-selling NFL handicapper, is
ready for 1985. Spend a few minutes
typing in scores each week, and
here's what it will do:
■ Menu-driven selection of
schedules, ratings, division races,
predictions or results by team or
week. Seven different reports avail-
able.
■ Easy once-a-week entry of
scores-no complex, meaningless
stats.
■ Predicts scores of all games for remainder of sea-
son each week!
■ Calculates projected won-lost records for all
weeks.
■ Maintains home field advantage and power rat-
ings for all teams.
■ 1985 schedule data file included free.
■ 32/64K enhanced version features dazzling Rain-
bow Writer Screen display. Seeing is believing! Stan-
dard 16K version included, too.
■ You'll be amazed at the power of this program.
16/32K ECB required (32K for disk). Only $39.95 on
tape or disk. 1985 Data tape or disk for previous own-
ers, just $13.95.
College
After two years of searching, we've
finally found a college football handi-
capper! We think it's a winner! The
Lockmaster® maintains stats on
105 major college teams, analyzes
the local point-spread, and rates the
game as a betting proposition. Why
waste your efforts on games with
marginal chances of success, when
you can get your Color Computer to
pick the games that are most likely
to make you a winner?
To use the program, all you need
are the College Football ratings that
appear each week in USA Today. You can run individual
games (including bowl games), update team stats and
customize each game's rating with critical information
such as coaching and quarterback changes and injuries
to key players.
Using the weekly stats and our mathematical formu-
la (which includes schedule difficulty, power ratings, of-
fense and defense), The Lockmaster rates each game
against the current point spread and tells you how sure
the bet is.
The Lockmaster is easy to use and menu driven. It in-
cludes complete instructions and data file for 105 major
college teams. 32K/64K Disk only. Just $39.95.
Thoroughbred, Harness, Greyhoun
•HORSE RACES-
■HARNESS RACES-
DOG RACES-
Use your Color Computer to improve your performance
at the track! These 16K programs for Thoroughbred, Har-
ness and Greyhound racing rank the horses or dogs in
each race quickly and easily, even if you've never handi-
capped before. All the information you need is readily avail-
able from the Racing form, harness or dog track program.
We even provide diagrams showing you where to find each
item!
Thoroughbred factors include speed, distance, past
performance, weight, class, jockey's record, beaten favor-
ite and post position. Harness factors Include speed, post
position, driver's record, breaking tendencies, class, oark-
ed-out signs and beaten favorite. Greyhound factors in-
clude speed, past performance, maneuvering ability, favor-
ite box, class, kennel record, beaten favorite and breaking
ability.
We include complete instructions and a wagering guide
that tells you which races to bet and hwich to avoid — one
of the real secrets of good handicapping. You can buy a
more expensive handicapper, but we don't think you can
buy a better one! Thoroughbred, Harness or Greyhound
Handicapper, $39.95 each on tape or disk. Any two for
$59.95 or all three for $74.95.
Federal Hill Software 8134 Scotts Level Rd. Baltimore. Md. 21208
16K
me
HISTORY
ECB
RAINBOW
Test your knowledge of America's
presidential past with this challenging
and enlightening program
By Edward T. White
Hail
to
the
Chief
Quick — which president pre-
ceded Zachary Taylor? Who
was president on June 3, 1848?
Which president had George M. Dallas
as his vice-president? If you know the
answers to all these questions, then
move along to the next article. If not,
read on.
The Presidents is a program for the
16K Color Computer which provides
information about the presidents of the
United States. The program operates in
either the question mode, in which the
user is quizzed about facts concerning
the presidents, or the answer mode, in
which the program supplies answers to
questions entered by the user. The
program has six categories: List the
Presidents in Order, Who Was President
On (a given date), Vice Presidents, How
Many Terms, Native States and Polit-
ical Parties.
16K owners must type PCLERR1 be-
fore loading the program. The title
appears and you hear the first two bars
of "Hail to the Chief/' Then you need
only follow the directions in the pro-
gram. To give some idea of what The
Presidents contains, a description of its
operation follows. For those who
quickly tire of typing, the first two
categories can be entered intact by only
typing in lines 10 to 95 and 165 through
600.
Edward White is an assistant professor
of mathematics at Frostburg State
College in Frostburg, Maryland,
The Presidents is meant to be more
a recreational activity and learning tool
than a test, so no score is kept. The
names of presidents are accepted in a
number of forms. William Howard Taft
would be acceptable, as would Taft, W.
Taft, W. H. Taft, William Taft and
William H. Taft (spaces and periods are
required). This flexibility was built into
the program in order to make it more
pleasant to deal with. However, in the
question mode this may create an am-
biguity — Johnson would be accepted
for either Andrew Johnson or Lyndon
Johnson. To avoid misunderstanding,
and for reinforcement, whenever only
the last name is entered, the program
prints CORRECT along with the full name
of the president. In the answer mode,
asking a question about Johnson causes
the program to give information about
the first Johnson it finds, namely An-
drew Johnson. To find out about Lyn-
don Johnson, the user must enter at
least L. Johnson.
Category one, List the Presidents,
operates in the question mode only and
allows several formats. The user may
opt either to list the names in a contin-
uing sequence from a chosen or random
starting point, or to provide the next
president with respect to a random
president chosen by the program. The
listing in either option may be chosen
to proceed either forward or backward.
In category two, Who Was President
On . . the program calculates which
president was in office on a given date
from 1789 to 1983. In the question
mode, a date is given and a president
asked for. In the answer mode, the user
enters a date (according to instructions
in the program) and the program prints
the name(s) of the correct president(s).
The program can recognize invalid
dates, and is equipped to manage leap
years and inauguration days.
In the question mode, category three,
Vice Presidents, provides the name of a
vice-president and asks for the corres-
ponding president. In the answer mode,
the user enters a president and the
program lists all his vice-presidents.
Category four, How Many Terms,
prints the name of a president in the
question mode, and the user must enter
(according to instructions in the pro-
September 1 986 THE RAINBOW 153
gram) a code representing the number
of terms, whole or partial, served by the
president. In the answer mode, the user
enters a president, and the program
prints out a sentence describing the
number of terms the president served.
In either mode, the program prints the
specific years involved. For example,
(1961-1963).
In categories five and six, Native
States and Political Parties, the pro-
gram prints the name of a president in
the question mode, and the user must
respond with the appropriate informa-
tion. The answer mode works the same
way, except that the roles of user and
program are reversed. In category six,
some abbreviations are accepted for
political parties — Rep. for Republican,
for example.
In either the question or answer
mode, entering MENU as the answer to
a question returns the user to the menu
to choose a new category. In the ques-
tion mode, pressing ENTER as the
answer to a question causes the pro-
gram to give the correct answer, so a
little time with the program can give you
a lot of information. Have fun! By the
way, the answer to all three questions
at the beginning of this article is our
1 1th president, James K. Polk.
(Questions about this program may
be directed to the author at 104 Ormond
Street, Frostburg, MD 21532. Please
enclose an SASE for a reply.) □
60 107
90 102
125 101
180 209
275 211
350 82
420 19
475 74
570 42
640 40
730 165
800 240
890 204
END 235
The listing: PRESIDNT
5 1 THE PRESIDENTS, EDWARD T. WHI
TE 1986
1J3 CLS : PRINT @ 2 J3J3 , 11 THE PRESIDENTS
ii
— — r~ /- i —
ii
15 PLAY"02T3L2GL4ABL203C02L4BAL4
. GL8AL4GEL2DC"
2J3 PRINT@485 , "PRESS ANY KEY ~" "
EGIN" ;
25 A$=INKEY$:RR=RND(j3) : IFA$
EN25
TO B
" "TH
M$(J)=M
4J3 FOR J=l x« «. x VV
,L$(J)
45 IF M$ (J)=""THEN5j3ELSE „ TX _
$(J)+" "
5J3 NEXTJ:F$ (#)="NOBODY":MS$(j3)="
INCORRECT " : MS $ ( 1 ) = " CORRE CT »
55 DATA GEORGE, WASHINGTON, JOHN,
, ADAMS , THOMAS , , JEFFERSON , JAMES , ,
MADISON , JAMES , , MONROE , JOHN , QUINC
Y, ADAMS, AN DREW, , JACKS ON, MART IN, ,
VAN BUREN, WILLIAM, HENRY, HARRISON
, JOHN , , TYLER , JAMES , KNOX , POLK , Z AC
HARY, , TAYLOR, MILLARD, , FILLMORE, F
RANKLIN, , PIERCE
60 DATA JAMES, , BUCHANAN, ABRAHAM,
, LINCOLN, ANDREW, , JOHNSON, ULYSSES
, SIMPSON, GRANT, RUTHERFORD, BIRCHA
RD , HAYES , JAMES , ABRAM , GARFIELD , CH
ESTER, ALAN, ARTHUR, GROVER, , CLEVEL
, JOHN C. CALHOUN , MARTIN VAN BUR
EN, RICHARD M. JOHNSON, JOHN TYLE
R, GEORGE M. DALLAS , MI LLARD FILLM
ORE, WILLIAM R. KING, JOHN C. BREC
KENRIDGE
120 DATA HANNIBAL HAMLIN , ANDREW
JOHNSON, SCHUYLER COLFAX, HENRY WI
LSON, WILLIAM A. WHEELER, CHESTER
154 THE RAINBOW September 1986
A. ARTHUR , THOMAS A. HENDRICKS, LE
VI P. MORTON, ADLAI E. STEVENSON,
GARRET A. HOBART , THEODORE ROOSEV
ELT, CHARLES W. FAIRBANKS , JAMES S
. SHERMAN
125 DATA THOMAS R. MARSHALL, CALV
IN CO 0 LI DGE , CHARLES G. DAWES, CHA
RLES CURTIS, JOHN N. GARNER, HENRY
A. WALLACE , HARRY S. TRUMAN, ALBE
N W. BARKLEY, RICHARD M. NIXON, LY
NDON B. JOHNSON, HUBERT H. HUMPHR
EY,SPIRO T. AGNEW, GERALD R. FORD
, NELSON A. ROCKEFELLER
13,0 DATA WALTER F. MONDALE , GEORG
E BUSH
135 SB$="12111234115146785999: ;9
;94919:<4=>2>?@AB"
140 FOR J=l TO 18: READ ST$(J):NE
XTJ
145 DATA VIRGINIA, MASSACHUSETTS,
SOUTH CAROLINA, NEW YORK, NORTH CA
ROLINA, NEW HAMPSHIRE , PENNSYLVANI
A, KENTUCKY, OHIO, VERMONT, NEW JERS
EY, IOWA, MISSOURI , TEXAS , CALIFORNI
A, NEBRASKA. GEORGIA, ILLINOIS
IC-REPUBLICA
EM, WHIG, WHIG, KBJfUBijlUAJM , K£i.f
165 GOTO280
170 AN=1:IF N$=L$ (R) THENGOSUB2 2
0:AN=3 :MS$ (3)=MS$ (1) + " — "+NM$:RE
TURN
175 IF N$><F$(R)+" "+L$(R) THEN
185
180 IF R=6 AND N$="JOHN ADAMS" T
HEN GOSUB220:AN=3:MS$(3)=MS$(1)+
ii — "+NM$ : RETURNELSERETURN
185 IF N$=F$(R)+" "+M$(R)+L$(R)
THEN RETURN
19J3 IF N$=LEFT$(F$(R) ,1) + " . "+L$
(R) THENRETURN
195 IF N$="JIMMY CARTER" OR N$="
TEDDY ROOSEVELT" THEN RETURN
200 IF M$(R)=""THEN AN=0 : RETURN
205 IF N$=F$(R)+" "+LEFT$ (M$ (R) ,
1)+". "+L$(R) THEN RETURN
210 IF N$=LEFT$ (F$ (R) , 1) +" . "+LE
FT$(M$(R) ,1)+". "+L$(R) THEN RET
URN
215 AN=0: RETURN
220 IF M$(R)=""THENM$="":GOTO2 30
225 IF R=6 OR R=9 THEN M$=M$ (R)
ELSE M$=LEFT$(M$(R) ,1)+". "
230 NM$=F$(R)+" "+M$+L$(R)
235 RETURN
240 INPUT "PRESIDENT" ;N$
245 IF N $=" MENU "THENAN= 2 : RETURN
250 N1$=RIGHT$(N$,4)
255 FOR R=l TO N
260 IF N1$XRIGHT$ (L$ (R) , 4 ) THEN
AN=0:GOTO270
265 GOSUB170:IF AN=1 OR AN=3 THE
N RETURN
270 NEXT R
275 PRINT "NOT FOUND. IS YOUR SP
ELLING CORRECT? " : RETURN
280 CLS: PRINT "CHOOSE CATEGORY"
285 PRINT "1 LIST THE PRESIDENT
S IN ORDER"
290 PRINT "2 WHO WAS PRESIDENT
ON. . .?"
295 PRINT "3 VICE PRESIDENTS"
300 PRINT "4 HOW MANY TERMS...?
ii
305 PRINT "5 NATIVE STATES"
310 PRINT "6 POLITICAL PARTIES"
315 INPUTQ: PRINT :IFQ<10RQ>6 THEN
PRINT@319," ";:GOT0315
320 CLS: PRINT "CHOOSE: " :PRINT"Q
THE PROGRAM ASKS QUESTIONS , ORA
THE PROGRAM WILL ANSWER YOUR
QUESTIONS" : PRINT
325 IF Q=l THEN340
330 INPUT "Q OR A";MD$:IF MD$><"
Q" AND MD$X"A" THEN330
335 IF Q=2 AND MD$="A" THEN355
340 CLS: PRINT "TO RETURN TO THE M
ENU, ENTER MENU AS THE ANSWER
TO A QUESTION"
345 IF MD$X"A" THEN PRINT" DURIN
G YOUR CATEGORY, PRESS <ENTE
R> IF YOU WANT TO REVEAL THE A
NSWER TO A QUESTION"
350 PRINT: PRINT "NOW PRESS <ENTE
R> TO BEGIN YOUR CATEGORY" : INPUT
A$
355 CLS: ON Q GO TO 360,445,605,7
50,885,945
3 60 CLS: PRINT "CATEGORY: LIST TH
E PRESIDENTS" : PRINT
3 65 RF$=" 11 : PRINT "1 LIST PRESIDE
NTS FROM A CHOSEN STARTING POI
NT TO END, OR" -.PRINT" 2 ANSWER RA
NDOM SINGLE QUESTIONS" 7 : INPUT SF
$ : PRINT : SF=VAL(SF$ ) : IFSF$="MENU"
THEN2 80
370 IF SF<10RSF>2THEN365
375 PRINT "LIST PRESIDENTS" : PRIN
T"F FORWARD, OR":PRINT"B BACKW
ARD" : INPUTFF$ : IF FF$="B" THEN FF
=-1 ELSE FF=1
380 IF FF$="MENU"THEN2 80
385 IF SF=1 THENPRINT: PRINT "BEGI
NNING WITH. ..?": PRINT "ENTER THE
September 1986 THE RAINBOW 155
NAME OF A PRESIDENT, OR PRESS <
ENTER> FOR A RANDOM STARTING P
OINT":INPUTRF$
390 CLS:IFRF$=""THEN P=RND(N) :GO
TO405
395 N$=RF$:GOSUB245:P=R:IFAN=0 T
HEN385ELSE IF AN=2THEN280
400 CLS
405 R=P:P1=P+FF:IF P1=0 OR P1=N+
1 THEN 44J3
410 IF SF=0 THEN 420
415 GOSUB 220: PRINT STR$(P);".";
NM$:IF SF=1 THEN PRINT
42)3 P=P1 : R=P : PRINT STR$ (P) ; " . " ; :
INPUTN$:IF N$=" "THEN GOSUB 220:P
RINT: PRINT STR$ (P) ; " . " ;NM$ : PRINT
:GOT0435ELSE IF N$="MENU"THEN280
425 GOSUB170: PRINT MS$(AN)
43J3 PRINT: IF AN=0 THEN 420
435 IF SF<=1 THEN SF=0:GOTO 405
ELSE P=RND(N) :GOTO405
440 IF SF<=1 THEN INPUT "PRESS E
NTER TO RETURN TO THE MENU " ; Q
$ : GOTO280ELSEGOTO390
445 PRINT "CATEGORY: WHO WAS PRES
IDENT ON. . . 11
450 IF MD$X"A" THENM1=RND(12) :D
1=RND(DY (Ml) ) :Y1=RND(186)+1797:G
OT0515
455 PRINT "ENTER MONTH , DAY , YEAR (
1789-1983) SEPARATED BY COMMAS (F
OR EXAMPLENOV, 13,1949 OR 11,13,1
949) . TO RETURN TO THE MENU, EN
TER MENU, 0,0"
460 PRINT: INPUT "DATE" ;M1$ , Dl$ , Y
1$:M1=VAL(M1$) :D1=VAL(D1$) :Y1=VA
L(Y1$):IF M1$="MENU"THEN280
465 IFM1>0 AND MK13 THEN490
470 F0RM1=1T012
475 IF LEFT$(M1$,3)=LEFT$(M0$(M1
) ,3)THEN490
480 NEXTM1
485 PRINT" INVALID MONTH" : GOT04 60
490 IF Yl=1789 AND Dl=30 AND Ml=
4 THENPRINT" GEORGE WASHINGTON BE
CAME THE FIRST PRESIDENT OF T
HE UNITED STATES. ":GOT04 60
495 IFY1=1900 OR Yl=1800 THEN 50
5
500 IF Dl=29 AND Ml=2 AND Y1=4*I
NT(Yl/4) THEN 5 10
505 IF DK1 OR D1>DY(M1) THENPRI
NT" INVALID DATE":GOTO460
510 IF YK1789 OR Yl>1983 THENPR
INT" YEAR OUT OF RANGE" : GOT04 60
515 IF Yl=1849 AND Dl=4 AND Ml=3
THEN Dl<=5 : IFMD$="A"THENPRINT" JA
MES K. POLK LEFT OFFICE ON MA
R.4, BUT ZACHARY TAYLOR WAS NO
T INAUGURATED UNTIL MAR 5.": GOTO
460
520 FORJ=lTON
525 YR=VAL(MID$(IY$,2*J-1,2) ) +18
00+100*INT( (J-3)/23)
530 IFYR>=Y1 THEN540
535 NEXTJ : J=N : GOTO570
540 J=J-1:MN=ASC(MID$(IM$, J+1,1)
)-48:DN=ASC(MID$(ID$,J+l,l) ) -48
545 IFYR>Y1 THEN 5 70
550 IFMN<M1 THENJ=J+1:GOTO570
555 IFMNXM1 THEN570
560 IFDN<D1 THENJ=J+1
565 IFDN=D1 THEND1=D1+1 : J=J+1 : IF
MD$="A"THEN595
570 IFMD$="A"THENR=J:GOSUB220:PR
INTNM$:GOTO4 60
575 PRINT: PRINT "WHO WAS PRE SI DEN
T ON" : PRINTMO$ (Ml) ;STR$ (Dl) ; » , " ;
Yl;"?"
580 INPUTN$ : IFN$=" "THENR=J : GOSUB
220: PRINTNM$ : GOT04 5 0
585 IFN$="MENU"THEN280
590 R=J:GOSUB 170 : PRINTMS$ (AN) : I
FAN=0THENPRINT : GOT05 80ELSE4 50
595 R=J-1:GOSUB220:P1$=NM$:R=J:G
OSUB220:P2$=NM$
600 PRINT "THE PRESIDENCY PASSED
FROM" : PRINTP1$ ; " TO" : PRINTP2$ : GO
TO460
605 PRINT "CATEGORY: VICE PRESID
ENTS" : PRINT
610 PRINT: IF MD$X"A" THEN R1=RN
D(VN) ELSE 665
615 P=VAL(MID$(T$,2*R1-1,2) )
620 R=P:GOSUB220
625 PRINT "WHICH PRESIDENT HAD":
PRINT VP$ (Rl) : PRINT "AS HIS VICE
PRESIDENT?"
630 INPUT N$
635 IF N$="MENU" THEN 280
640 IF N$=" "THEN PRINT NM$:GOT06
10
645 R=P:GOSUB170
650 IF Rl=4 AND AN=0 THEN R=4 : GO
SUB170
655 IF Rl=7 AND AN=0 THEN R=7:GO
SUB170
660 PRINT MS$(AN) :IFAN=1 OR AN=3
THEN610ELSE630
665 GOSUB 240: PRINT: ON AN+1 GOTO
665,670,280,670
670 IF R<N+1 THEN GOSUB220 : NV=0E
LSE 610
675 L=2*VN
680 FORJ=l TO L STEP 2
685 V=VAL(MID$(T$,J,2) )
690 IF R=V THEN NV=NV+1 : V$ (NV) =V
P$((J+l)/2)
1 56 THE RAINBOW September 1986
HOT HARDWARE
UNIVERSAL VIDEO DRIVER
IT'S THE BEST!!! Great Price! Only $29.95
• Works with monochrome
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• Works with color
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Sakata S0 100 Color monitor with speaker
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Order a quality monitor from us and get a Universal
Video Driver for only $24.95 — Save $5.00.
PRINTERS AND ACCESSORIES
Citizen 120-D Printer, Deluxe features Only $219.95
Star NX-10 Printer, New model for '86 279.95
CRAFX SCREEN - versatile screen dump software. Print horizontal or
vertical, image magnification, positive or negative and more - 5VV disc.
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CRAFX SCREEN — FREE with your printer order.
SERIAL TO PARALLEL INTERFACE
300 to 9600 baud. Complete with
all cables and connectors.
Only $49.95
DISC DRIVES
Teac55BDSDD Drive ......$119.95 Drive one upgrade for new Tandy
J&MjFD-CP Controller
with DOS
dual horizontal cabinet . . 119.95
139.95 Disc drive cable 24.95
Dual cabinet, power supply holds Radio Shack DOS Rom 1.1
2 horizontal 1/2 height drives . .79.95 w/manual 29.95
DISCS • CASSETTES • ROMS • CHIPS
SW discs, double density, reinforced hub w/sleeve, guaranteed.
$12.95 for 10 discs in an attractive storage box.
G10 Cassettes w/iabels . . .... ; .-. 10 for $5.50
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Basic 1 .2 ROM . . . : , ■ $39.95
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protects 50 SW discs. ON LY $9.95
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64K Memory Expansion Kit
All parts and complete instructions (for 'E' and 'F boards and COCO II)
NOW ONLY $19.95
SUPER SOFTWARE
iiMiiiiiiiiimi iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiminiiitiiiiiiiiiiimiitiiiiiiiimiii
COPYRIGHT 1985,
0. BOCHARDT
MJIIJiriljllJklllllill4MlltllMriJJl>1IMI>ll1IIIIMIIlltll|IUII1llllMILMtlH lllMIIJirillllUllllCtltmmiMMtllHhM
TIME
NEW!
OUTSTANDING
GRAPHICS!
lil^l'ttN
Tired of flying
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CYBERTANK is a real-time tank simulation that will get
your adrenalin flowing!
Your survival depends upon lightening-fast tactical decisions. Penetrate
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and sophisticated armaments. Cannons, heat seeking missiles, flame
throwers, pill boxes, battle tanks... THIS ONE HAS IT ALL!!
ORDER NOW! 64K Disk only.
$27.95
Other Super
Arcade Games:
Tut's Tomb
Time Fighter
Intelligence has intercepted a coded message
revealing a plan to conquer Earth, Four of your
Shocktroopers must infiltrate the heavily defended
underground enemy base and steal all of the secret
TRG-5 attack saucer sub-assemblies.
SUPER ACTION ARCADE GAME!!
the The Sixth & Most Challenging
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¥ ItA What is it? What secrets does it hold?
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Other Exciting
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Calixto Island
Shenanigans
Sea Search • Trekboer
Black Sanctum
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Cassettes $24.95
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32 K required.
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UNFORGETTABLE
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COCO UTIL II - NEW VERSION
Transfer Coco disc files to your IBM compatible computer.
You may also transfer MS-DOS files to a Color
Computer disc. Save hours of retyping.
Coco Util has been so popular we decided to
make it even more powerful and versatile...
extended directories, faster, improved menu
selection system and more!
$39.95
Cu< m Util u*£r£ upgrade lo the new version for only $12.95 including shipping and kindling.
FOR THE SERIOUS COCO USER
Accounting System - very popular ledger
system for small businesses $99.95 disk
Order Entry - an excellent companion
to the accounting system $99.95 disk
Easy File - get organized with this
user friendly data management system 1 $59.95 disk
Super Screen - Best screen enhancement program available.
Cassette $29.95 Disk $32.95
FREE — Send for our free flier
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24001 Alicia Parkway, No. 207, Mission Viejo, CA 92691 • (714) 768-1551
SHIPPING: All orders under $100 please arid $2 regular, $5 air. All orders over $100 please add 3% with us for shipping amount; please remit U.S. funds. Software authors— c ontact us for exciting
regular, B% air. California residents please acid f>% .sales tax. Orders outside the c ontinmlal U.S., check program marketing details. We accept MasterCard and VISA, Distrihuted in Canada by Kelly Software.
The art of entertainment
Pinball Factory by Kary McFadden
The video game comes full circle in this glorious tribute to the original.
Classic pinball spings to life as never before, with fresh new angles that
only the computer can offer. Crisp graphics, sound, and fast, smooth
action give this machine-language arcade game a realistic, responsive feel
you'll hardly believe. There are even "tilt" buttons that let you "bump"
the machine!
In addition to playing a great game of pinball, you can enjoy hours of
creative pleasure as you design, build, and edit your own screens. Save
and load your favorite creations. The joystick-controlled cursor makes it
all easy.
Change the board: build with bumpers, tabs, and a multitude of solid
obstacles to form any configuration imaginable.
Change the face: draw your own title board with lines, rays, and shape
patterns. Add text in three different colors, and two dirrent sizes.
Change the rules: alter the gravity, bounce, and scoring!
♦
64K Color Computer required. $34.95
Speed Racer by Steven Hirsch
The checkered flag drops as your pulse rises in this lively new
arcade game. The road twists to the horizon on the 3-D pano-
rama that sets the stage for the most exciting race the CoCo
has ever seen!
Vie for time as you speed through the curves at incredible
speeds. Step through the gears to stay ahead of the pack, but
step lively since some will stop at nothing to see the end of
the race, or the end of you!
Four challenging raceways, complete with obstacles and
colorful 3-D scenery, put your skills to the test in this Pole
Position™ type game.
32K Color Computer required. $34.95
Rommel 3-D by Kary McFadden
You clutch the tank controls, searching for any sign of the
enemy. Suddenly a blip appears on radar! Frantically, you
move your tank into position. At last you spot the elusive
enemy tank! Facing it, you race to lock sights and fire before
he does!
Enter the ultimate battle-zone in this exciting 3-D tank com-
bat game. Strategy, speed, and your tank's cannon are your
only hope as you wind through a three-dimensional course
inhabited by impenetrable barriers and enemy tanks.
Dazzling graphics and lifelike sound take you a step beyond
the ordinary in this fast, machine-language arcade game. Enter
the next dimension, ROMMEL'S troops are waiting for you!
32K Color Computer required. $29.95
576 S. Telegraph, Pontiac, MI 48053
Orders and Information (313) 334*5700
Prices Do Not Include Shipping and Handling
695 IF R<V THEN 705
700 NEXT J
705 IF NV=0 THEN 745
710 IF J=ll THEN NV=2:V$(2)=V$(1
) :V$(1)="GE0RGE CLINTON"
715 IF J=17 THEN NV=2 :V$ (2)=V$ (1
) : V$ ( 1) =" JOHN C . CALHOUN"
720 IF J=2*VN+1 THEN R=N:GOSUB22
0: PRINT NM$;" 'S": PRINT "VICE PRES
IDENT IS ";VP$(VN) :GOTO610
725 IF J=43 THEN NV=2 : V$ (2) ="ADL
AI E. STEVENSON"
730 IF NV=1 THEN SX$="" ELSE SX$
="S"
735 PRINT NM$ ; " HAD": PRINT RIGHT
$(STR$(NV) ,1) ;" VICE PRESIDENT";
SX$ ; " : »
740 FOR K=l TO NV : PRINT " — " ;V$ (
K) :NEXTK:GOTO610
745 PRINT NM$; " HAD": PRINT "NO V
ICE PRESIDENTS": GOTO 6 10
750 PRINT "CATEGORY: HOW MANY TE
RMS . . . " : PRINT
755 IF MD$="A" THEN 760 ELSEPRIN
T "ANSWER IN THE FORM": PRINT " 1
(LESS THAN ONE TERM) "'.PRINT
" 1 (EXACTLY ONE TERM)": PRINT
"2- (MORE THAN ONE TERM, BUT
LESS THAN TWO)": PRINT "E
TC."
760 IF MD$="Q" THEN R=RND(N-1):P
RINT : GOTO 770
765 PRINT:GOSUB240:ON AN+1 GOT07
65,770,280,770
770 R1=R:IF R=22 OR R=24 THEN CF
=1 : TR$="2 " : GOTO 800
775 IF R=N THEN PRINT "HE'S NOT
FINISHED YET":GOTO760
780 YI=VAL(MID$(IY$,2*R-1,2) )+18
00+INT ( (R-3 ) /23 ) *100
785 YL=VAL(MID$(IY$,2*R+1,2) ) +18
00+INT ( (R-2)/23) *100
790 TR=.5*(ASC(MID$(NT$,R,1) ) -64
) :TS=INT(TR)
795 IF TR=TS THEN TR$=RIGHT$ (STR
$ (TR) , 1) ELSE TR$=RIGHT$ (STR$ (TS+
1) ,1)+"-"
800 GOSUB220
805 IF MD$="A" THEN 850
810 PRINT "HOW MANY TERMS DID ":
PRINTNM$ ; " SERVE" 7 : INPUT TU$
815 IF TU $= " " THENPRINT TR$:GOT08
35
820 IF TU$="MENU" THEN 280
825 IF TU$><TR$ THEN 845
830 PRINT "CORRECT"
835 IF CF=0 THEN PRINT "("; RIGHT
$(STR$(YI) ,4) ;"-";RIGHT$(STR$(YL
) ,4) ;") ":GOTO760
840 CF=0:PRINT "(1885-1889, 1893
-1897) ":GOTO760
845 PRINT "INCORRECT": INPUT TU$:
GOT0815
850 VL=VAL(TR$) :IF VL=1 THEN EX$
="TERM" ELSE EX$="TERMS"
855 IF LEN(TR$)=1 THEN TR$=TR$+"
":GOT0875
860 IF VL=1 THEN TR$="LESS THAN
ONE ":GOT0875
865 NO$=EX$:IF VL=2 THEN NO$="TE
RM"
870 TR$="MORE THAN"+STR$ (VL-1) +"
"+NO$+" BUT LESS THAN "+STR$(VL
)+" »
875 PRINT NM$ ; " SERVED" : PRINT TR
$ ; EX$
880 GOTO 835
885 PRINT "CATEGORY: NATIVE STAT
ES"
890 PRINT : I FMD$= " A " THENGOSUB2 40 :
ON AN+1 GOTO890,900,280,900
895 R=RND(N)
900 S=ASC(MID$(SB$,R,1) )-48
905 S$=ST$(S)
910 GOSUB220
915 IF MD$="A" THEN PRINT NM$:PR
INT "WAS BORN IN ";S$:GOTO890
920 PRINT "IN WHICH STATE WAS":P
RINT NM$ ; " BORN?"
925 INPUTA$
930 IF A$="MENU" THEN 280
935 IF A$="" THEN PRINT S$:GOT08
90
940 IF A$=S$ THEN PRINT "CORRECT
":GOTO 890 ELSE PRINT "INCORRECT
":GOT0925
945 PRINT "CATEGORY: POLITICAL P
ARTIES"
950 PRINT: IF MD$="A"THENGOSUB240
:ON AN+1 GOTO950,960,280,960
955 R=RND(N)
960 PT=ASC(MID$(PP$,R,1) ) -47
965 T1$=PT$(2*PT-1) :T2$=PT$(2*PT
)
970 GOSUB220:IFR=N THENVB$="IS "
: VC$="DOES"ELSEVB$="WAS " :VC$="D
ID"
975 IF MD$="A" THEN PRINT NM$ : PR
INT VB$;"A ";T1$:GOTO950
980 PRINT "TO WHICH POLITICAL PA
RTY ";VC$: PRINT NM$ ; " BELONG?"
985 INPUT A$
990 IF A$="" THEN PRINT Tl$:GOTO
950
995 IF A$="MENU" THEN 280
1000 IF A$=T1$ OR A$=T2$ THEN PR
INT "CORRECT" :GOTO950 ELSE PRINT
"INCORRECT" :GOT0985 /R\
September 1986 THE RAINBOW 159
This version includes an updated
matching test section for true
randomizing of pairs
CoCo Test maker Revisited
By Ron Powers
found Co Co Test maker by Lynn
C. Sherman and Walter Baldas-
saro (September 1985, Page 30)
to be a fine and useful program.
1 1 have used it this school year to
compose several tests. There was one
Ron Powers lives in Davenport, North
Dakota and teaches high school Eng-
lish, Before reentering the teaching
profession in 1985, he spent 20 years as
a broadcast journalist. A Co Co owner
for three years, Ron has only had a
serious interest in programming for less
than a year.
section, however, that I didn't like. The
matching test always gave the same
answer key. It was not truly randomiz-
ing the pairs. I have rewritten that
section of the CoCo Testmaker.
I found their line numbering a little
disconcerting and renumbered the pro-
gram to suit my own style. I also
changed their INPUT statements to LINE
INPUT statements, so punctuation
marks can be used without losing some
of the questions or statements.
In lines 6060 through 6090 a FDR/
NEXT loop assigns the pairs of state-
ments to strings G$(X) and H$(X).
Lines 6110 through 6170 randomize the
pairs of statements with lines 6130 and
6 1 50 as counters to eliminate statements
already used.
I plan to further refine other parts of
the Testmaker to make the program a
little easier to use. Nonetheless, 1 offer
the original authors my heartfelt thanks
for getting me started on computerized
test writing.
Note that 1 have changed the Print
Test Heading section a little so that
Class or Subject, Test Title, Date and
a space for Name are all printed.
(Questions about this program may
be directed to Mr. Powers at Rt. 1 Box
43, Davenport, ND 58021, 701-347-
4321. Please enclose an SASE when
writing.) □
1040 6 5120
2090 117 6135
4000 95 END
4310 110
T
The listing: TESTMRKR
1 GOTO 5
2 SAVE"TESTMAKR" : SAVE 11 TESTER" , A:
END
5 CLS: CLEAR 2000
10 PRINT "MAKE SURE PRINTER IS ON
AND PAPER IS SET TO TOP OF
PAGE
20 PRINT"PRESS A KEY TO BRING UP
MENU"
30 INPUT A$
40 CLS
50 INPUT" 1 PRINT TEST HEADING
2 MULTIPLE CHOICE
3 FILL IN THE BLANK
4 ANSWER QUESTIONS
5 TRUE FALSE
6 MATCHING" ;N
160
THE RAINBOW September 1986
II.
ftware
For the serious student . . .
, from Preschool to College
Ages 3-5
Hand-eye coordination
Colors
Shapes
Numbers
Great graphics and music
Reading readiness skills
Capital letters
Small letters
Learn to associate letters and letter blends with the
sounds they make
Requires 32K ECB and joysticks
PreReader
A
J R V
CORRECT
$19.95 -Tape
$24.95 - Disk
GALACTIC
HANGMAN
SUGAR
Both 16K ECB and
32K ECB versions
included on tape
$17.95
For grade 2 and up
Exciting version of popular word guessing game
Play against the computer or a friend
Outstanding high-resolution graphics and animation
Great sound effects and music
700 word vocabulary included
Create your own word files
- your child's spelling list
- foreign language vocabulary
- specialized word list, i.e., geographic, chemistry,
physics
Broaden your vocabulary
Both 16K ECB and 32K ECB versions included on
tape
Easily moved to disk
MRTH MISSION
, 5HDT TIMER
PQWEPLEUEL
>l,!<!,U,l ( |,i,hU.I,l,l,U,!,l,U
u
\ □
; m
EL
UJ
a
z
[E
LJ
94J [55
55
3 1
m on
a
Z
cn
m
N
a
z
rn
L
5T= 29
PL= 40
511=100
Math Mission is an educational game designed to rein-
force early math skills in the four math operations:
Addition
Subtraction
Multiplication
Division
• Can be played on any of four optional levels of
difficulty
• Joystick oriented to develop hand-eye
coordination
• Shot timer simulates a classroom time test
• Picture, sound, and word rewards
MATH MISSION requires 32K ECB and
1 joystick
Available on both Tape and Disk
$24.95, either version
Dealer and author inquiries are al-
ways welcome. Canadian dealers
should contact Kcllv Software Dis-
tributors, Ltd., P.O. Box 11932,
Edmonton, Alberta T5J-3L1, (403)
421-8003.
Disk software compatible with Radio
Shack DOS only.
SOFTWARE
1710 North 50th Avenue
Hollywood, Florida 33021
(305) 981-1241
A complete catalog of other sweet
Sugar Software products Is available.
Add Si. 50 per program for postage
and handling. Florida residents add
5% sales tax.
COD orders are welcome. CIS orders
EMAIL to 70405, 1374. No r efunds or
exchanges.
>
!l
60 IF N <1 OR N >6 THEN 50
70 ON N GOSUB 1000, 2000, 3000,
4000 , 5000 , 6000
1000 CLS: INPUT "CLASS OR SUBJECT
" / C$
1010 INPUT "TEST TITLE" ;T$
1020 INPUT "DATE AS 00/00/00" ;D$
1030 PRINT#-2, "":PRINT#-2, "" :PRI
NT#-2," ":PRINT#-2,"
"+C$:PRINT#-2, ""
1040 PRINT#-2,"
"+T$:PRINT#-2, " "
1050 PRINT#-2,"
"+D$:PRINT#-2
1060 PRINT#-2," NAME
PERIOD...
. .":PRINT#-2
1070 CLS: GOTO 5J3
2000 PRINT#-2, "Circle the best a
nd most correct answer for each
statement . "
2010 J=0
2020 CLS
2025 PRINT "MULTIPLE CHOICE"
2030 PRINT "TYPE STATEMENT OR QUE
STION. WHEN FINISHED, SELECT
IONS WILL APPEAR A-B-C-D.
THEN TYPE IN YOUR SEL
ECTIONS. WHEN FINISHED ALL STA
TEMENTS ANDSELECTIONS PRESS <BRE
AK> AND <RUN> FOR MENU AGAIN .
ii
2040 PRINT"THIS SECTION WILL ACC
EPT TWO LINES. SPACE TO A TO
CONTINUE . "
2045 PRINT" A "
2050 LINE INPUT C$
2060 CLS
2070 J1=1:J=J1+J
2080 PRINT # - 2 , " " : PRINT # - 2 , J ; TAB (
5)C$:PRINT#-2, 11 "
2090 C2 $=" A . " : C3 $=" B . " : C4 $=" C . " :
C5$="D."
2100 LINE INPUT "A. ";A$:LINE IN
PUT"B. ";B$:LINE INPUT"C. ";C$:L
INE INPUT" D. ";D$
2110 PRINT#-2 / TAB(10)C2$+A$:PRIN
T#-2 , TAB ( 10) C3 $+B$ : PRINT#-2 , TAB (
10) C4$+C$ : PRINT#-2 , TAB ( 10) C5$+D$
2120 GOTO 2040
3000 CLS:PRINT"FILL IN THE BLANK
S"
3010 PRINT#-2,"Fill in the blank
s of each of the statements .": PR
INT#-2,""
3020 PRINT"THIS SECTION WILL ACC
EPT TWO LINES PLUS CHARACTERS
TO THE A . IF MORE SPACE IS NEED
ED, PRESS <ENTER> TO CONTINUE Q
UESTION. "
3030 PRINT "STATEMENT OR QUESTION
3040 LINE INPUT F$
3050 J1=1:J=J1+J
3060 PRINT#-2, J;F$:PRINT#-2, ""
3070 INPUT "PRESS 1 FOR SPACE IF
NEEDED" ; A: ON A GOSUB 3090
3080 GOTO 3020
3090 LINE INPUT AA$
3100 PRINT#-2,TAB(3)AA$:PRINT#-2
ii ii
3110 GOTO 3020
4000 CLS: PRINT "ANSWER QUESTION"
4010 PRINT#-2 , "Answer questions
on lines provided. ": PRINT#-2 , ""
4020 CLS: PRINT" THIS SECTION WILL
ACCEPT TWO LINES PLUS CHARAC
TERS TO THE A . IF MORE SPACE IS
NEEDED, PRESS <ENTER> TO CONTIN
UE. "
4030 PRINT"QUESTION
A II
4040 LINE INPUT Y$
4050 YY$="
4060 J1=1:J=J1+J
4070 PRINT#-2,J;Y$:PRINT#-2, ""
4080 INPUT"PRESS 1 FOR SPACE IF
NEEDED"; A: ON A GOSUB 4100
4090 GOTO 4150
4100 LINE INPUT AA$
4110 PRINT#-2,TAB(3)AA$:PRINT#-2
4150 INPUT "HOW MANY LINES 1-2-3
-4 ";H
4160 ON H GOSUB 4200, 4300, 4400
, 4500
4200 PRINT#-2,YY$:PRINT#-2, ""
4210 GOTO 4020
4300 PRINT#-2,YY$:PRINT#-2, "":PR
INT"-2,YY$:?#-2
4310 GOTO 4020
4400 PRINT#-2 , YY$ : PRINT#-2 , " " : PR
INT#-2,YY$:PRINT#-2, " " :PRINT#-2,
YY$, :PRINT#-2, ""
4410 GOTO 4020
4500 PRINT#-2 , YY$ : PRINT#-2 , " " : PR
INT#-2 , YY$ : PRINT#-2 , "" : PRINT#-2 ,
YY$ : PRINT#-2 , " " : PRINT#-2 , YY$ : PRI
NT#-2 " "
4510 GOTO 4020
4999 END
5000 PRINT#-2, "Circle TRUE if th
e statement is true. Circle FAL
SE if the statement is false. ":P
RINT#-2, ""
5010 CLS
5020 J=0
162 THE RAINBOW September 1986
5030 PRINT "TRUE - FALSE QUESTION
S"
5j34j3 PRINT"THIS SECTION WILL PRI
NT 5j3 CHARACTERS PER LINE.
TYPE UP TO THE FIRST A ON THE
SECOND LINE THEN SPACE TO TH
E SECOND A TO CONTINUE"
50 50 PRINT" A
A II
LINE INPUT A$
B$="TRUE - FALSE "
Q$=" "
Jl=l
J=J1+J
PRINT#-2, J;B$;Q$;A$:PRINT#-
5060
5010
50Q0
5090
5100
5110
2 , " "
5120
5130
6000
CLS:GOTO 5030
END
PRINT#-2, "Match column A wi
th column B in space provided.":
PRINT #-2, " "
6005 CLEAR 2000
6010 CLS: PRINT: PRINT" MA
TCHING TEST"
6020 PRINT"THIS SECTION WILL RAN
DOMIZE TEN ITEMS IN COLUMN A WIT
H TEN ITEMS IN COLUMN B"
6030 PRINT: PRINT "COLUMN A CAN BE
UP TO THE A ON ONE LINE. COLU
MN B CAN BE UP TOTHE A ON THE SE
COND LINE"
6060 FORX=1TO10
6065 PRINT"
A II
6070
6015
6080
6090
6095
6100
6110
6120
6130
6135
6140
6150
6160
6110
6200
6205
6210
X;"-
6220
6230
";G$(X)
A II
LINE INPUT "A-
PRINT"
LINE INPUT "B- ";H$(X)
NEXT X
CLS: PRINT @ 2 36, "WORKING"
DIM A$(10) ,B$(1J3)
FORY=lTOlj3
X=RND(lj3)
IF A$(X)<>"" THEN 6120
A$(X)=G$(Y)
X=RND(10)
IF B$(X)<>""THEN 614J3
B$(X)=H$(Y) ^
NEXT Y
F0RX=1T01J3
L2$=" ..."
PRINT#-2,L2$;A$(X) ;TAB(30) ;
";B$(X)
PRINT#-2 , ""
NEXT X /R\
Submitting Material
To Rainbow
Contributions to THE RAINBOW are welcome from
everyone. We like to run a variety of programs that
are useful/helpful/fun for other CoCo owners.
Program submissions must be on tape or disk and
it is best to make several saves, at least one of them
in ASCII format. We're sorry, but we do not have time
to key in programs. All programs should be supported
by some editorial commentary explaining how the
program works. Generally, we're much more inter-
ested in how your submission works and runs than
how you developed it. Programs should be learning
experiences.
We do pay for submissions, based on a number of
criteria. Tnose wishing remuneration should so state
when making submissions.
For the benefit of those who wish more detailed
information on making submissions, please send a
self-addressed, stamped envelope (SASE) to: Submis-
sions Editor, THE RAINBOW, The Falsoft Building, P.O.
Box 385, Prospect, KY 40059. We will send you some
more comprehensive guidelines.
Please do not submit programs or articles currently
submitted to another publication.
J&R ELECTRONICS
Complete 256Kand 51 2K Memory Expansion Systems
(Hardware Software and documentation included)
User friendly software, programmer not required
Easy, Solderless Installation
* We have eliminated the necessity to piggyback for 512K versions! *
RAMDISK — Fast disk I/O, 35/40 track (two RAM drives with 512K)
PC0PYM0R — More than 30 PMODE 4 screens in memory at once! PCOPY command modified to accept
PCOPY 1 to 128. More than 70 PMODE 4 screens and PCOPY 1 to 302 with 512K versions {or 30 PM00E
4 screens with one RAMDISK).
SPOOLER — HUGE printer buffer for offline storage inside your computer while the printer's busy. Custom-
izable from 30K to over 200K (500K with 51 2K versions). Buffer can be turned off /on copied using simple
PRINT CHRS commands.
0S9 Ramdisk — Fast OS-9 disk I/O! 35/40 track single sided or 40 track double sided (512K) Ramdisk
under 0S9! GOOD'S 0S9 Ramdisk (Rainbow Feb '86) with fully commented source code and install files
added by J&R. (Requires 0S9 operating system)
ALL software above is configurable for 256K/512K operation.
Software shipped on disk, add S10.00 for software on tape. (0S9 RAMDISK not available on tape).
ALL boards below are 256K/512K capable, software & documentalion included.
New SAM (74LS785) not included (use your 74LS783), 74LS785 recommended for 2.0 MHz operation.
Description
Banker II bare board (with long pin socket, does not include memory
Expansion Board)
Banker II bare board + parts (does not include Memory Expansion Board)
Banker II assembled & tested (no memory)
Banker II (256K, upgradable to 51 2K) assembled & tested with memory
Banker II (51 2K) assembled & tested with memory
Memory Expansion Board
Memory Expansion Board + parts
Down Under Controller. Ram Pack size controller with BDDS Gold
plated, high reliability edge connectors, jumpers for 24/28 pin ROM.
Compatible with COCO I and COCO II.
BDOS (Enhanced DOS on 27128 EPR0M)
64K switch
New SAM 74LS785 (required only tor 2.0 MHz operation)
★ New!* PowerBasic — Introductory Price. (Requires RSOOS 1.0 or
1.1 and 256K or 51 2K Banker) Utilize the extra memory for variable
storage and pass variables between programs in different pages of
memory. Split a large BASIC program into smaller pieces and GOTO or
GOSU B a line in another page of memory. . . and more features included,
(disk only)
S/W Pac upgrade. 1.XX to2.XX
Part number
Price
#1001
$39.95
#1002
$69.95
#1003
$89.95
#1004
$129.95
#1005
$169.95
#1006
$15.00
#1007
$29.95
#9000
$89.95
#9001
$35.00
#9002
$5.00
#9004
$24.95
#9005
$24.95
#9006
$10.00
To place an order, write to J&R Electronics, P.O. Box 2572, Columbia, MD 21045,
OR call (301 ) 987-9067 —Jesse or (301 ) 788-0861 — Ray.
HOURS: Weekdays 7 p.m.-9 p.m.; Sat. Noon-5 p.m. EASTERN TIME.
Add $4.00 shipping & handling (FOREIGN ORDERS $7,00), COD charge $3.00. Maryland residents add
5% state tax.
CHECKS. MONEY ORDERS OR COD's only please (personal check— 2 weeks for clearance). IMME-
DIATE DELIVERY. Give COCO Radio Shack model (i.e. 26-3136), Disk or Tape when ordering.
QUANTITY DISCOUNT AVAILABLE. For information on shipping or previously placed orders call (301)
788-0861. COCO II 26-31 XX owners call (soldering experience maybe required).
September 1986 THE RAINBOW 163
PRICKLY- PEAR SOFTWARE
QUALITY PROGRAMS FOR YOUR COCO & TDP-100
PROGRAMS REQUIRE 16K EXTENDED BASIC FOR TAPE, AND 32K DISK UNLESS OTHERWISE NOTED
HALL OF THE KING
This program combines all the things you lookfor in a great
two disk graphics adventure program. The Hi-Res graphics
are superbly done. The text portion of the screen and the
graphics change quickly as you move through the HALL
OF THE KING. You can move freely from one portion of
the adventure to another. Call up your inventory at any
time. You can even save or load a game at ANY time. HALL
OF THE KING will challenge even the most seasoned
adventurer.
HALL OF THE KING requires 64K EB and one disk drive.
This exciting two disk adventure comes packaged in a
vinyl case $39.95
HALL OF THE KINO II - THE INNER CHAMBER
Continue your quest for the Earthstone in The Inner
Chambers of the HALL OF THE KING. Outstanding
graphics help show the way to success in your search to
help restore the legendary power of the Earthstone to the
dwarven race. The deeper you travel into the inner
chambers, the more difficult your progress becomes.
HALL OF THE KING II has all the fine feature of the first
adventure. It is designed to follow the original HALL OF
THE KING but may be played as a stand-alone adventure.
The adventure fills two disks and comes packaged in a
handsome vinyl folder. It requires one disk drive and 64K.
$39.95
WARP FACTOR X
If you have been waiting for a game for your color computer
that has everything, your wait is over. WARP FACTOR X is
here. This all graphics simulation game requires strategy,
fast thinking, an eye for detail, and above all experience in
knowing the capabilities of your starship and its computer.
(See review in Feb. 85 issue of Rainbow.) It requires 32K
one disk drive and comes packaged in a vinyl library pase.
$34.95
DARKMOOR HOLD
You and your comrades will explore the levels of Darkmoor
Hold in an effort to gain great riches and defeat the dark
wizard. The Wizard will soon realize the threat you pose
and the many monsters you meet and battle will become
stronger and more powerful as you move through the 10
levels of Darkmoor. A keen eye will help you find weapons
and armor to aid your battle along with treasures for you to
keep. Your party consists of a Dwarf, an Elf, and you, the
Human, each with their own special attributes. The
weapons, armor and treasure are placed randomly in each
level to provide a new challenge each time you play. You
may also save the game you are playing since defeating
the evil Wizard is not an easy task. It has great graphics
and an impressive text screen to give you more fun than a
barrel of elves. Requires 64KEB and 1 disk drive. $29.95
DRAGON BLADE
Animated Graphics Adventure
This 100% hi-res graphics adventure features many
animated screens which will delight the avid adventurer.
You search for the magic Blade which is the only way to rid
your homeland of the fearsome dragon which has risen
from a long rest to terrorize your village. Fill your screen
with super graphics as your try to solve the difficult
challenge the village leaders have set before you. Dragon
Biade requries 64K Extended Basic and 1 disk drive.
$29.95
UTILITIES
Oracle II — The ultimate monitor. $29.95
•
RTD Trio — Take advantage of this special offer. This
package of three utility programs includes our new DISK
TO TAPE, TAPE TO DISK (version 2.0), and ROMFREE
(version 2.0). TAPE TO DISK moves BASIC, ML and DATA
files from tape to disk automatically — one program or an
entire tape. It even fixes those programs that load at hex
600 so they work on a disk system. ROMFREE moves
ROM packs to tape or disk easily, and fixes them so you
just load and EXEC. ROMFREE now accomodates the
larger 1 6K ROM packs. You won't believe how easy it is to
protect your software library! These programs are shipped
on tape. Requires 1 6K. $49.95 ($24.95 each if purchased
separately)
Prickly Pear Mail list — Ver. 2.0 — You won't find a mailing
list program anywhere that will out-perform this one. Req.
32K and one disk drive. Only $29.95
STATISTICS
Lizpac - Absolute the most complete statistics package we have
seen for ANY computer anywhere. Lizpack is 850,000 Bytes of
programming filling 7 disks with an eighth disk containing data
files to be used in the examples. The 200 page manual completely
explains all that Lizpac has to offer. It is user friendly. Req. 32K
disk only, $195.00
POLICY ON PROTECTION
We believe our customers are honest — all of our
software can be backed up using standard backup
procedures.
Your Personal check is welcome - no delay. Include $1.50
shipping for each program ordered. (Shipping free on $50.00 or
larger orders). TX residents add 5 1 A% sales tax. Orders shipped
within two days.
Prickly Pear Maillist - Ver. 2.0 - You won't find a mailing list
program anywhere that will out-perform this one. Req. 32K and
one disk drive. Only $29.95
Dealer and author inquiries are always welcome.
Canadian dealers should contact Kelly Software
Distributors. Ltd.. P.O. Box 1 1932. Edmonton. Al-
berta T5J-3L1 (403) 421-8003
Send for our free catalog
Send Order To: PRICKLY-PEAR SOFTWARE
213 La Mirada
El Paso, Texas 79932
915-584-7784
Using Inverse Characters
By Joseph Kolar
Rainbow Contributing Editor
I sit here, weak and weary,
pondering the subject of
this article, my mind wan-
ders rapidly over an arpeggio of CoCo
statements and commands.
Over the past several years, a variety
of topics have been touched upon that
are a constant source of interest to
beginners eager to learn a little and
create a lot.
Often, mulling over a topic I am eager
to explore together with the newcomer,
I have the vague sense of having covered
that phase of CoCo's repertoire a few
years ago. Repeating material is unfair
to the faithful veterans who have
marched through these tutorials. Hope-
fully, the veterans will pass on to greater
glory and allow the new recruits to have
their turn at BASIC Training.
As there will always be a Britannia,
so too will there always be new recruits
to augment the vast army of CoConuts.
Newcomers may not realize how
much valuable information is stored in
the treasury of back issues of THE
RAINBOW. You should consider picking
Florida-based Joseph Kolar is a veter-
an writer and programmer and special-
izes in introducing beginners to the
powers of CoCo,
up some of the back issues. Of course,
the ideal solution is to purchase those
available.
Starting with the July 1983 Anniver-
sary issue, a yearly index of articles has
been presented. Since you might only be
interested in selected topics, you may
want to purchase Anniversary issues
first. If you see some topic near and dear
to your heart, pick up the back issue
containing the desired article.
Let me caution you — the more of
CoCo's secrets you become privy to, the
more you want to explore. Rest assured,
a vast storehouse of CoCo wisdom
resides in the back issues of our favorite
computer magazine waiting to be
tapped. Remarkably, just a mere frac-
tion of the treasure trove is obsolete. Go
back and review the state of the art in
1981 up until you joined the ranks of
CoConuts.
Isn't it tempting to traipse down
memory lane and discover something
new and intriguing you may have over-
looked or not been aware of?
On occasion, the newcomer comes
across an interesting program listing
that may be Greek to him, but is never-
theless fascinating. He has an itch to
understand how it works.
The beginner is urged to investigate.
You are encouraged to take chunks of
a large listing or the entire listing, if it
is short and analyze it.
For this purpose, you need a regular
40-page, lO l / 2 by 8-inch, ruled, one-
subject notebook. You may want a few
notebooks to store different categories
of notes. As so often happens, you
discover an interesting routine you want
to preserve for future use and want a
permanent copy of it in words that
make sense to you for ready reference.
We'll start out using Listing 1, the
tutorial for today. This program is
meant to display material in inverse
characters. Key in this listing and run
it with the volume up.
On the inverse screen, (CLS0), using
the ASCII character codes for lower-
case (inverse colors) in a DftTfl state-
ment, I displayed my name to give this
tutorial a personal flavor. In Line 60,
substitute values that spell out your
name. Refer to the manual. Use decimal
code A=97 through Z=122. Use 'blank
space ' =12B to separate the names. Do
not skip any spaces and separate each
value with a comma.
Count the number of characters in
the revised Line 60.
In the FOR X= and FOR Y= statements
in Line 10, counting up from and in-
cluding 10, calculate the number of
letters/ spaces in your name. If the total
September 1986 THE RAINBOW 165
is not 12, (which ends at 21), edit this
value to reflect the proper number. Run
your work.
Chances are you want to be neat and
recenter your name. Adjust both values
in the two FDR statements, plus or minus
the same amount. Thus, if your name
is 16 characters long, move the first
letter to begin two spaces to the right,
10-2 to 25-2, (8 to 23) in both FDR
statements. Run it, adjust to your
satisfaction and then press BREAK.
List Line 60 and crack open the
analysis notebook. Number all the
pages. Leave the first page blank and
use it for the table of contents.
At the top of the second sheet, to the
left of the red vertical line, write the first
line number. On the right side, copy the
line from the screen. If it is a multiple-
line statement, consider each statement
to be a single entry in the analysis.
On the next line to the right of the red
vertical line, write, in pencil, an expla-
nation or the significance of the state-
ment in your own words, because it
must have meaning to you. If you
cannot determine the meaning or use of
the line, skip a few lines and enter the
next statement. You can always go back
to unannotated statements.
It would begin like this:
0 LISTING1
Title.
10 CLSO
Clear screen to black to print inverse
characters.
FORX= 10 TO 21:
Total of number of letters to be
displayed.
21-10+1=12.
Locates PRINTS locations to begin
with J at Print@10.
PLAY"L200V15B:"
A dual-purpose statement, (sound
plus time elapsed). Musical note B in
default octave, 02; also volume
default V15, even though used, has
a short duration of L200, which
determines the time between dis-
played characters.
READA:
This refers to the only DATA state-
ment at Line 60, which is to be read
into memory.
At this point, you may want to list
Line 60, even though it will be out of
sequence. Remember, this is your anal-
ysis so do it any way that makes sense
to you.
60 DATA106,11 1,1 15,101,1 12,104,128,
107,111,108,97,114
This is number of characters/ spaces,
12, in reversed lowercase ASCII
code. The first letter read is
CHR$(106), J to be located at X, 10.
The second letter is CHRS(lll), O,
to be located at X+l, etc.
CONT10 PRINT@X,CHRS(A);:
Prints selected characters, A, in turn,
at selected location, X. Note V is
used to chop off trailing line, which
would destroy the effect.
And so forth, statement by statement.
If you can't puzzle out the significance
of a statement, change values and note
any differences. This may give a clue.
For instance, change 30 in Line 20 to
300 and run. This allows you to view
the sequence of character movement in
slow motion. Change it to 3 and run.
This should tell you that if you speed up
or slow down the duration of the sound,
About Your Subscription
Your copy of the rainbow is sent second class
mail. If you do not receive your copy by the 5th
of the month of the publication date, send us a card
and we will mail another. Canadian subscribers
and foreign airmail allow two additional weeks.
You must notify us of a new address when you
move. Notification should reach us no later than
the 15th of the month prior to the month in which
you change your address. Sorry, we cannot be
responsible for sending another copy when you
fail to notify us.
Your mailing label also shows an "account
number" and the subscription expiration date.
Please indicate this account number when renew-
ing or corresponding with us. It will help us help
you better and faster.
For Canadian and other non-U. S. subscribers,
there may be a mailing address shown that is
different from our editorial office address. Do not
send any correspondence to that mailing address.
Send it to our editorial offices at Falsoft, Inc., The
Falsoft Building, P.O. Box 385, Prospect, KY 40059.
This applies to everyone except those whose
subscriptions are through our distributor in
Australia.
166 THE RAINBOW September 1986
LOOSE STRINGS / by Tron
THIS U) AS A HARD PROGRAM
TO UURITE ! IT TOOK N\E
THREE WEEKS JUST TO
you zap the desired sound effect, not to
mention the time lapse.
Another example: Temporarily de-
lete from Line 20 : GOSUB 70, and at end
of Line 30 add : GOSUB 70. Now run.
The major program parts are: nested
loop (lines 10 through 40), data (Line
60) and the music GOSUB routine (lines
70 through 110). The CHR$ ( RND( 26 )
+96 ) ; displays one randomly chosen
lowercase letter from 'A' through 'Z'
(26). Since the ASCII codes begin at 97,
to eliminate all unwanted characters, 96
is added to the random number chosen.
Thus, RND ( 1 ) +96=57 displays a reverse
'A', RND(2)+96=9B displays a reverse
'B\ and so on.
The GOSUB routine chooses at ran-
dom one of two volumes. A choice of
four notes is randomly selected so that
one of them will be sounded at one of
the two volume levels every time a
character is displayed.
If you returned GOSUB 70 to its
original location, put a REM marker in
front of it. Run and note the effect.
Do not be afraid to change values in
order to see what happens.
Here is an interesting one: Count the
number of letters in your surname.
Subtract from the high value in the FOR
Y statement in Line 10. For example,
Kolar has five letters, so 21 minus five
equals 16. Substitute this for the low
value (in our example it would be FOR
Y=16 TO 21), and run it. This is a
confusing, but effective version. The
given name is displayed one letter at a
time while the surname is jumbled.
After the first name is completely dis-
played, the second name unravels.
During analysis, there may be rou-
tines you want to save for future refer-
ence. There is no need to commit them
to memory. Copy them, with an expla-
nation, into one of the reference note-
books.
This last version of displaying a name
evolved through a dozen transforma-
tions that produced two allied fun
programs for your entertainment.
Listing 1: INVERSE
0 , <LISTING1>
1J3 CLSj3:FORX=lj3T021:PLAY M L2j3pV15
B":READA:PRINT@X,CHR$(A) ; : FOR Y=
1J3T021
2J3 FORZ=lT03j3:NEXT:GOSUB7j3
3J3 IF Y>X THEN PRINT@Y , CHR$ (RND (
26)+96) ;
4j3 NEXTY,X
5)3 GOT05j3
6J3 DATAlj36 , 111 , 115 , 101 , 112 , 1J34 , 1
28 , 1)37 , 111 , 1)38 , 97 , 114
7) 3 P=RND(2):IF P=l THEN PLAY"V15
" ELSE PLAY"V25" :Q=RND(4) : ON Q
001080,9)3,1)3)3,11)3
8) 3 PLAY 11 A": RETURN
9) 3 PLAY 11 C 11 : RETURN
I) 3)3 PLAY 11 F": RETURN
II) 3 PLAY "E 11 : RETURN
Listing 2: STUTTER1
0 ! <STUTTER1>
1)3 CLS0:FORX=9TO21:PLAY"L255O5CC
" : READA: PRINT @X, CHR$ (A) ; : FORY=ll
TO 21 STEP2
2) 3 IF Y>X THEN PRINT@Y , CHR$ (RND (
26)+96);
3) 3 PLAY"B-L2)3)3EF+ ,I :NEXTY,X
32 N=J3
35 N=N+1
4) 3 READQ$
41 PRINT@32," M ;
5) 3 Q$=Q$+" 11 : FOR R=l TO LEN (Q$) :
S$=MID$(Q$,R,1)
51 V=VAL(S$) :IFV AND R=l THEN PR
INT@31,"" ;
52 IF V OR S$=" "THEN S$=CHR$(12
8) ELSES$=CHR$ (ASC (S$) +32)
53 PLAY n F":P$=P$+S$
54 IF S$=CHR$(12 8) THEN IF LEN (P
$)+POS()3)<3 3 THEN PRINTP$ ; : GOT05
7
55 IF S$=CHR$(128) THEN PRINTSTR
ING$(32-POS (J3) ,128) ; : PRINTP$ ; :P$
= u ii
57 NEXT
6) 3 GOSUB7)3:IF N=3 THEN PRINT@427
, ll the ,, +S$+ ll end"+S$+ l, end 11 ;ELSE IF
N<3 GOT035
61 GOT061
ORDER PHONE (416) 456-0032
To order or for further information or program suggestions please write:
Duck Productions, 18 Rowe Court, Brampton, Ontario, Canada L6X 2S2
WATCH FOR MACHINE GENESIS, a three program utility and tutorial for
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KEEPING TRACK
NINE PROGRAMS, so easy they're almost user independent! More
than the average diskette management sysyem, ITS A BOOT UTILITY!
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Creator builds the "Directory program with your inputed I.D. names
on your disks. D will load and run basic or binary programs, on any
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ories without retyping OIR and auto displays the disk I.D. names,
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utility, compares backup disks and by keystroke, copies missing files
to either disk. Directory Saver copies directories to a safe area. On dir
crash, a keystroke will repair the damage. Other programs include
Alpha Directory reorder, Disk Address finder, and True Drive Test.
All programs fully documented. $29.95, ($38.95 CDN)
I \COMPUT€R PRODUCTS
DM
PI PDIDIUCYi D
MICRO • FIR€
a merican
excess
RAINBOW
CERTIFICATION
MAP'n ZAP
The laymans kit for disk repair. Step by step procedure to repair
directories and grain tables. Locates errors, maps out disk contents
with printer or screen output, will backup any flawed disk, and prompts
built in disk zap for repair. Complete with documented tutorial on disk
input/output operation, access. $1 9.95, ($24.95 CDN)
Have you beat your thumbs more than the aliens?
You need a secret weapon! This automatic rapid fire
circuitry package can be added to any joystick. It
has on/off control and does not affect computer
when not in use. No extra power supply required, installation in
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Custom component has adjustable rate of fire and comes with a full
calibration program. $19.95, ($24.95CDN)
CODE BUSTER disassembler
Explore machine language programming with an easy, accurate
breakdown of any binary program. Screen or full printer output with
helpful hints to understanding your ROM. Simple prompted
procedure will answer questions in your study. Fully documented
instructions. $19.95, (S24.95CDN)
September 1986 THE RAINBOW 167
Type NEW and key in Stutter 1. Copy
the listings very carefully. Be certain you
press ENTER after the last letter of each
of the 2000 series DflTfi lines. Do not
leave a blank trailing space. Note that
Line 2010 doesn't make sense but copy
it as is. Run the program.
My original goal was to get a
stammer-free display. In Line 50, insert
in front of GOTO 57, P$="":. In Line
2010 insert CDCD5PRCEBRR immediately
after DfiTfi without leaving a blank
space. Run your work.
To indent each line in Line 41, change
32 to 34 and run. Now, to get another
stammer, restore Line 41 to 32. In Line
55, change 32- to 33+ and run. If
desired, CSflVE now.
Type NEW. Key in Stutter 2 for a
modification and run. The stutter is too
pronounced. To eliminate most of it,
add at the end of Line 54 :GDTD 57. In
Line 55, change 0+ to 32- and run. For
one final stammer, change Line 55 from
32- to 8+ and run.
We gave CoCo some workout! Notice
we did not use any punctuation. In
order to use inverse punctuation marks,
we must POKE them into the memory
locations 1024 to 1535, which are equiv-
alent to 0-511, (the Print @ screen). It
is not practical to use them in this
program.
That doesn't mean that it can't be
done. As long as you can think of a
problem, you are on the way to solving
it. CoCo usually has the capability to
solve it; the trick is to coax it into
revealing its secrets.
CLORD Stutter 1 if you saved it,
otherwise key it in again.
In Line 41, change 32 to 34; in Line
54, insert in front of GOTO 57, P$="":;
in Line 60, insert GDSUB 500 at the
beginning; and in Line 2010, after DRTfi
insert CDCD SPRCEBRR.
Add the following lines:
58 P=PDS(0)
500 IF P=13 GDTD600 ELSE IF
P=18 GDTDG01 ELSE IF P=30
GDTDG02
G00 PDKE1132,4G:RETURN
G01 POKE1105,4G:RETURN
G02 P0KE1149 , 46 : RETURN
OK, run your handiwork. How was
the value of *P' determined? On Line 58
:PRINTP; was added. Add this tempo-
rary modification and discover a useful
programming trick.
The cursor locator, POS(0), was
placed right after a sentence was dis-
played. It was given a value *P\
PRINTP; gave the value of the location
of the cursor along the row, from zero
through 3 1 .
How was the POKE location figured
out?
By guesstimation. One of several
methods is to set the POKE at some
arbitrary location such as 1100 in lines
600 through 602 and POKE 46, the
inverse period at that location. It was
tried and adjusted until it rested after
the last character in the sentence.
A problem would arise if the same
cursor location, PO5(0), was revealed
to be the same value for two or more
sentences, but on different rows. You
might like to set up a problem and work
it out. Being lazy, I would revise one or
the other of the sentences to ensure I
would get a new cursor location.
We worked with the screen cursor
locator, POS ( 0 ) , and managed to create
our usual useless but amusing pro-
grams. We got a bit more programming
under our belts and stored some impor-
tant notes in our reference notebooks.
Not a bad day's work! □
70 PRINT0419, "press ,l +S$+ ll any"+S$
+ H key"+S$+ M to"+S$+" continue" ;
80 EXEC44539:FORW=3 2 T0448 STEP3
2 : PRINT@W , STRING$ (32,128) ; : NEXT :
RETURN
1000 DATA 116,1)34,1)31,128,115,11
6,117,116,116,101,114,101,114
2000 DAT AMY TEETH CHATTER SO MUC
H WHEN I STUTTER THAT I HATE EVE
N TO TALK TO COCO
2010 DATA IS THE NAME OF A VERY F
RIENDLY COMPUTER
2020 DATA I LOVE TO HACK AWAY AT
MY COMPUTER ALL DAY AND NIGHT BE
CAUSE IT NEVER LAUGHS AT ME
Listing 3: STUTTER2
0 ! <STUTTER2>
10 CLS0:FORX=9TO21:PLAY"L255O3EB
" : READA: PRINT @X, CHR$ (A) ; : FORY=ll
TO 21 STEP2
20 IF Y>X THEN PRINT@Y , CHR$ (RND (
26)+96) ;
30 PLAY"B-L200EF+ n :NEXTY,X
32 N=0
3 5 N=N+1
40 READQ$
41 PRINT@32, IMI ;
50 Q$=Q$+" ":FOR R=l TO LEN(Q$):
S$=MID$(Q$,R,1)
51 V=VAL(S$) :IFV AND R=l THEN PR
INT@31, M ";
52 IF V OR S$=" "THEN S$=CHR$(12
8)ELSES$=CHR$(ASC(S$)+32)
53 PLAY"A" :P$=P$+S$
54 IF S$=CHR$(128) THEN IF LEN(P
$)+POS(0)<3 3 THEN PRINTP$ ; : P$=" 11
55 IF S$=CHR$(128) THEN PRINTSTR
ING$(0+POS(0) ,128) ; :PRINTP$; :
57 NEXT
60 GOSUB70:IF N=3 THEN PRINT@427
, M the M +S$+''end , '+S$+ n end 11 ; : PRINT@
481, S$+S$ ; : ELSEIF N<4 GOT035ELSE
IF N<3 GOT035
61 GOT061
70 PRINT@426, "PRESS"+S$+"ANY ,, +S$
+ 11 KEY 11 ;
80 EXEC44539:FORW=32 T0479 STEP3
2:PRINT@W,STRING$(32,128) ; : NEXT :
RETURN
1000 DATA 116,104,101,128,115,11
6,97, 109 , 109 , 10 1 , 114 , 101 , 114
2000 DATAMY TEETH CHATTER SO MUC
H WHEN I STUTTER THAT I HATE EVE
N TO TALK TO COCO
2010 DATACOCO IS THE NAME OF A
VERY FRIENDLY COMPUTER
2020 DATA I LOVE TO HACK AWAY AT
MY COMPUTER ALL DAY AND NIGHT BE
CAUSE IT NEVER LAUGHS AT ME /R\
168 THE RAINBOW September 1986
: .-• ■
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Completed and Tested Board without ROM ... . $79.
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Bare Board with Instruction manual , . .$30.
Parts Kit For Bare Board without ROM . . . ... $30.
Radio Shack ROM (current version) ... . . $20.
Radio Shack ROM 1.0 .... . $40.
Ordering Information :
Use our WATS line to place your order via Visa, MasterCard, or Wire Transfer. Or
mail your payment directly to us. Any non - certified funds will be held until proper
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P.O. Box 1110 Del Mar, CA 92014 (619) 942-2400
HARDWARE PROJECT
Do-lt-Yourself
Video Output Board
By Tim Mcintosh
*
I use my CoCo quite extensively on
a daily basis. The bulk of my work
revolves around word processing. I
quickly discovered that using a televi-
sion for a monitor was inadequate.
About a year ago, I began to look
around for a monitor and a way to drive
it. I was unaware of the many advertis-
ers who market just such devices. So, I
set out to build my own. The project
presented here required about a half
day's labor and $8 worth of parts.
As the schematic shows, this monitor
driver requires two common transistors
and a handful of support components.
Most experimenters should have an
abundant supply of these. The driver
works with color as well as mono-
chrome composite video monitors. The
pin numbers given in the schematic refer
to the MC6847 VDG chip in the Color
Computer. The descriptions of these
pins are as follows: Pin 1 — GND
(signal ground); Pin 17 — Vcc (+5v
DC); and Pin 28 — Composite video
signal.
Construction of the driver is rela-
Tim Mcintosh is a minister for a small
congregation in Greenville, Alabama.
He is an amateur programmer and uses
his CoCo for office applications.
tively simple. I used a small project
board from Radio Shack to mount the
components. I ran the connecting wires
(any standard jumper wire will do) to
the points on the circuit board where the
6847 is soldered. Be careful when count-
ing to the proper pin locations. A
mistake could damage your CoCo.
Many of you will want to run a length
of shielded cable with an RCA plug on
it out of the computer directly to the
monitor. I chose to tidy up the project
by mounting an RCA jack on the back
of the CoCo and running the shielded
wire to this. Not only did this improve
Video Board Schematic
the appearance of the project, but I can
now relocate my CoCo without trailing
a mess of wires behind me.
Although I use this new monitor
driver on a CoCo 2, it should work on
any Color Computer as well. Re-
member: Opening your CoCo voids the
warranty. It is not advisable to attempt
this project without some prior knowl-
edge of electronics.
(Any questions you may have about
this project can be sent to the author at
416 Oak St., Greenville, AL36037, 205-
382-7358, Please enclose an SASEwhen
writing.) ^
PIN 17
A Look At Workspace
Let's continue our trek into the
database. Last month, we dis-
cussed some of the technical
aspects of file transfers as well as
methods of downloading. Before we
cover methods of uploading, we need
to learn about the "Workspace."
Personal Workspace
Delphi gives each user a personal
area known as Workspace. It's a.
chunk of memory on the Delphi
computer that belongs solely to you
for as long as you are a member.
There are two ways to get to your
personal Workspace: from a data-
base topic area type WO or, thanks to
Jim Reed (JIMREED), type WD from
the main CoCo SIG menu.
(Jim, our CoCo SIG manager,
also persuaded Delphi to adopt
lower "Late Rates," in effect now
through the end of August. After
midnight is the best time to catch Jim
and many RAINBOW authors and
editors.)
Warning! Be very careful when in
your Workspace. All setup files that
Cray Augsburg is RAINBOWS techni-
cal assistant and has an associates
degree in electrical engineering. He
and his wife, Ruth Ann, have two
children and live in Louisville, Ken-
tucky, His username on Delphi is
RAINBOWMAG.
connect you with Delphi reside there.
The logon default settings you chose
for screen width and length, prompt
level, etc. are stored there. If they are
deleted, they are troublesome to
replace. All of your Mail folders and
new Mail messages are kept in files
in your Workspace. Be careful not to
alter any Workspace files that you
yourself did not create or upload.
So, now you're in Workspace.
What do you do? First, type DIR.
This gives a complete listing of files
stored there. Now, type ? and press
ENTER. You should see a list of
commands. One interesting com-
mand is called CREATE. If you type
CREATE, you are prompted to pro-
vide a filename. Then, you are asked
to enter text and do a CONTROL-Z
when finished, or CONTROL-C to
abort. Try it! Type a message to
yourself and use CONTROL-Z when
finished. This stores the message in
your Workspace area. Type DIR and
you should see the filename you
chose. Keep in mind, if you don't
enter an extension with the filename,
Delphi automatically places a period
at the end of it, but no extension.
Now, what do we do with that file?
Type LIST (filename) and the file will
scroll down the screen. This is a nifty
way to keep messages to yourself.
Another interesting use is to create
files in this manner to be sent via
By Cray Augsburg
Rainbow's CoCo SIGop
Username: RAINBOWMAG
Mail. When you are in Mail, type
SEND "filename" and that file is sent
to the user you specify. If you want
to alter a file, type EDIT "filename."
Did you notice some strange look-
ing filenames when you typed DIR?
These names have the letters "MAI"
in them and are extra long. These are
Mail files. To see your directory
without these filenames, use the /
exclude option with the DIR com-
mand. Just type:
DIR /EXCLUDE=*.MfiI
Notice that your directory is in
alphabetical order. Delphi automat-
ically alphabetizes the files in Work-
space.
Another useful Workspace com-
mand is DELETE. Type this on its own
command line and Delphi prompts
for the filename to delete. Another
method is to type the filename on the
command line in the form:
DELETE "filename"
Either way, Delphi lists the filename
to the screen and asks for confirma-
tion to delete the file. Answer with *Y'
or 4 N' followed by ENTER.
Let's try an experiment. Use
CRERTE to build another file with the
same filename used before. When
finished, use CONTROL-Z to save the
172
THE RAINBOW September 1986
file. Type DIR. You should now see
both files in the directory listing.
Why didn't the second file overwrite
or replace the first file? Delphi allows
multiple versions of the same file in
your Workspace.
Look at the end of the filenames
in the listing. You should see a semi-
colon followed by a number. This
number is the version number. This
allows you to create or upload sev-
eral versions of the same file. If you
use the DELETE command to delete
any of these files, you are prompted
for each version number separately.
In this way, all versions of the same
file can be deleted once you have the
final, bug-free version. However,
there is an easier way; type PURGE
(filename). This deletes all versions
of the file except the most recent. *
To put a file created offline in the
Workspace is easy. Just upload them
to the system. All files you want to
upload to Delphi, whether for your
own use or for posting them publicly,
must be uploaded to your Workspace
before anything else can be done with
them.
Uploading Files
By far the easiest and most reliable
method for uploading is by the use
of the "Xmodem" protocol. The
reasons for this were discussed last
month. Before starting an Xmodem
upload, make sure the file is loaded
into your terminal program's buffer.
It doesn't matter whether the file is
in ASCII or binary format. When
you are sure the file is in the buffer,
initiate the Xmodem upload by typ-
ing XUPLDflD or just XUP. Delphi
prompts for the filename. Enter the
filename as you want it to appear in
your Workspace. Do include some
form of extension. Next, Delphi asks
if the file is a text file. This is really
asking if the file is in ASCII or
binary. Enter Y if the file is ASCII or
N if the file is binary. It is essential you
answer this prompt correctly!
Delphi tells you to type three
consecutive CONTROL-Cs if you want
to abort the upload at this time. It
also says OK, send! (blocked). If
you told Delphi you are sending an
ASCII file, the word "blocked" is
replaced with the word "text." Now,
go to your terminal program's com-
mand mode (CONTROL-7 on Mikey-
term) and initiate Xmodem upload
there (use CONTROL-3 on Mikey-
term). Your terminal program should
ask if the file is ASCII. Answer 'Y'
or 'NT according to what you told
Delphi. Again, answer this prompt
correctly.
When file transfer is complete, the
ND> prompt returns. You should see
the words FINfiL STATUS =
Transfer Successful on the
screen.
If your terminal program does not
support Xmodem protocol, you are
limited to uploading only ASCII
files. To perform an ASCII upload,
load the file into your buffer. Then
go to Workspace and type UPLDAD or
just UP. Delphi asks for the filename.
Answer this prompt as explained.
Delphi will ask if you want a linefeed
sent to your terminal program after
each line uploaded. In most cases a
"no" answer works fine. You may
have to experiment with this. Delphi
then tells you that the lines of text in
the program you are uploading
should be terminated with a <CR>
only (they should not end with a
<CR> and linefeed). Then you will
be prompted to enter (or send) the
data. Go to your terminal package's
command mode and "send" the
buffer. This is done with CONTROL-
9 on Mikeyterm. Terminate the up-
load with a CONTROL-Z or you may
abort it with a CONTROL-C.
Use HELP to find out more about
the other commands.
Next month, we'll cover more
Workspace commands and dive into
the specifics of submitting a pro-
gram. If you are brave, though, you
may want to give the SUBMIT com-
mand a try. It really isn't all that
difficult.
Free Time
As Marty says in his report this
month, our offer of free time for
uploading programs to the CoCo
SIG has been quite successful. Sev-
eral members have taken advantage
of this offer. If you have programs to
submit and would like a little time to
do so, go to the Questions section of
the SIG and READ the article on free
time. You will be prompted for the
information to set you up.
On Other Matters
Several members of the CoCo SIG
chose not to give their real names or
their complete names when they first
joined the SIG. There is a command
users can issue when at the main
CoCo SIG prompt that will tell them
the real name for a given username.
Type:
ENT username
and replace "username" with your
username. Delphi will tell you the
name you used when you joined the
SIG and will also report the last time
you were on the system. You can use
this to find the real name for any
member, provided they have sup-
plied their correct name. Please use
the ENT command to see how your
real name is recorded. If you are not
satisfied with its appearance, let Jim
Reed or me know via Mail. We will
alter it accordingly.
On a related matter, several new
members have joined our SIG. Many
of them have not filled out a user
profile. Please, if you have not done
so, go to the Member section of the
SIG and fill out a profile. Also, go
Database Report
By Marty Goodman
MM the time you read this, it
Wm Y is very likely the NEW
J Color Computer will have
been announced, and the Delphi
CoCo SIG will be buzzing with infor-
mation about it. Its arrival will pro-
foundly affect the extent of our sup-
port for OS-9, as the new machine is
rumored to be oriented nearly exclu-
sively to the use of that operating
system. i
I want to extend a special welcome
to Don Hutchison (DONHUTCHI-
SON), who has officially joined our
staff on the Delphi rainbow CoCo
SIG. Don is an experienced electron-
ics professional, with excellent knowl-
edge of both hardware and software.
He has been active for years on Com-
puServe and, some months ago, be-
came a fixture on Delphi. Don is now
the section leader for our Source Code
for 6809 Assemblers section and will,
in general, be assisting with all up-
loads to the database. If you submit
a file to us, it is quite possible that it'
will be Don who has the pleasure of
checking it out, enabling it and thank-
ing you for it. He is available in our
Forum (message base) area to assist
with questions. Over the years, I have
grown to appreciate both his knowl-
edge and wry sense of humor, and so
am delighted he has joined our family.
September 1986 THE RAINBOW 173
MORETON BAY SOFTWARE
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3 disk package $29.95
64K EXB disk
SAM DIAMOND
graphic adventure .... $29.95
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HOT SLOT
casino simulation .... $24.95
32K EXB disk or tape
ECLIPSE
excellent pixel editor. . $19.95
64K EXB disk
THE MOTION PICTURE
Animation tool
64K Disk Only
FANTASY CLIP ART
Cocomax or Graphicom
64 K Disk
BJORK BLOCKS
Graphics with Animation
32K EXB Tape
GOOD SOFTWARE
FILE CABINET
. . $39.95 Data Base for tape
16K EXB Tape
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COCO WRITER TWO
Tape Version
16K EXB Tape
Disk Version
32K Disk
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Finally a monitor driver for
the Color Computer II that
lets you use a monochrome
and a color monitor
simultaneously. We're proud
of this new driver. The six
transister circuit provides op-
timal signal mixing and signal
gain. Excellent monochrome
output and better quality
resolution in the color ouput
than any driver we have
seen. Audio output also. Fits
all models of the Color Com-
puter II. $29.95.
THE COCO-SWITCHER
A QUALITY PIECE OF HARDWARE
The CoCo Switcher allows you to hook up
three peripherals to your RS-232 jack. Con-
nect your modem, printer and any other
RS-232 compatible peripheral to the CoCo
Switcher. An LED on the CoCo Switcher
shows if your computer is on or off at a glance,
The LED flickers when transmitting or receiv-
ing data.
$39.95 plus $2.00 shipping and handling
MORETON BAY SOFTWARE
A Division of Moreton Bay laboratory
316 CASTILLO STREET
SANTA BARBARA
CALIFORNIA 93101
(805) 962-3127
Ordering information
Send $2.00 shipping and handling per order. We ship
within 1 working day on receipt of order. Blue Label
Service available. California residents add 6% sales tax.
to the main Delphi menu and select
People on Delphi and fill out a
profile there. Once you have done
this, other members can type:
/WHO 1 5 username
and find out a little background
information on you.
Editing in Mail
When you are going to send a Mail
message, type SEND/EDIT or REPLY/
EDIT appropriately. This puts you in
the editor for creating a message. In
this way you can edit the message
fully before sending it.
Freedom for Montreal Members!
Andre Mallette (MODEM IT1S)
has given us a little tidbit that could
be important to members in the
Montreal area. Now those people
can access Delphi through Tymnet
by dialing 748-105 1 . At the "terminal
identifier" prompt press 'A'. When
asked to log in, enter DELPHI. You
can then proceed with username and
password. Not only will this reduce
connect costs, but you will have
much less trouble downloading pro-
grams using the Xmodem protocol.
Outside Support
Many thanks to Scott Lampton of
Sullivan, Indiana. Although Scott
has been unable to join us online, he
wanted to show support by sending
in some files for uploading to Delphi.
Scott sent three files in answer to our
call for music files. You can now find
Snowbird, Almost Like a Song and
You and I in the Music database.
Again, we thank Scott for his sup-
port of a service he is presently
unable to enjoy.
Late Rates
Are you having trouble getting to
sleep on those hot summer nights?
Maybe you are thinking about Del-
phi. Delphi is definitely thinking of
you! As mentioned earlier, until
August 31, 1986, Delphi is offering
"Late Rates." From 2 a.m. EDT until
7 a.m. in your local time zone, you
will receive one free minute of access
time for every ten minutes online.
That's six free minutes for every
online hour for Conferences, Delphi
Mail, downloading files and acces-
sing information — everything you
use Delphi for. Take advantage of
this offer.
We have successfully initiated our
program on the SIG of offering free
connect time for those who want to
upload material to us. Several
members have already taken advan-
tage of this. If you have material to
upload to us, go to the Questions &
Feedback area from the CoCo SIG
main prompt, and select the form that
is a "Request for Free Upload Time."
You will be asked why you want the
time, when you want it and you will
be informed of the terms of this offer.
If the request is approved (it usually
is), you will be notified via Delphi
Mail. We typically give you time to
upload material and a little left over
for you to briefly browse around the
SIG, as our way of saying thank you
for helping us out.
In June, the greatest number of new
uploads were to our Graphics data-
base. Ira Goldwyn (I RAG) has been
Very busy using his newly acquired
1200 Baud modem to send us nearly
a hundred new pictures. Derrick
Kardos(DTG) has supplied us with a
basic program that generates logos of
popular rock groups. Roger Bou-
chard (HA RBI E) has provided us
with some routines for the Epson for
printing teletype, text-type printer art.
He also has given us some lovely
animal pictures and some digitized
scenes from Trort. Steve Hancock
(KA4ULE) has contributed a picture
of a CoCo. Loren J. Howell (XENOS)
has given us a simple BASIC utility for
drawing using the eight-color high
resolution semigraphics-24 mode.
In the Hardware Hacking database,
Roger Bouchard has sent us a review
of the Hitachi 6309, a CMOS, 3-
MHz-capabie version of the Motor-
ola 6809. He has also sent us schemat-
ics and instructions for several hard-
ware projects. John Beveridge
(JOHNTORONTO) has given us
both text and pictures describing the
use of Motorola gas discharge surge
protectors. It is from him that I
learned of these devices, and was able
to mention them in my "CoCo Con-
sultations" column (Page 178) this
month. Don Hutchison and I have
uploaded a much-revised version of a
set of pictures and instructions on
how to build a simple but effective
dual or triple voltage linear power
supply (+5, +12 and -12 volts). We
provide full schematic diagrams and
an extensive description of how it all
works. This circuit has the desirable
property of using a minimum of com-
ponents to develop all those regulated
voltages.
Our Music topic area is beginning
to grow. Erik Gavriluk (ERIKGAV)
has given us a Rahi|pnit Music gener-
ator. Don Hutchis^ri has provided us
with a couple of new songs; "Country
Roads" and "The ^^v%u^Afe..: ,,
George McCashiii i(<JMCC) has sent
us both the PL^XMN program that
plays Musica II files, documentation
for same, and an assortment of Mu-
sica II compositions: We eagerly
solicit uploads of more music mate-
rial, and offer free connect time to
help facilitate getting the data to us.
Our Source Code for 6809 As-
sembers topic area has been enriched
by a Disk Editor program from Ed-
ward Coen (EDCOEN). Don Hutchi-
son has contributed two sets of source
code for graphics dumps to fepson LX
and other printers. Ronald Cole
(RONALDCOLE) has given us
source code for a 32K Printer Spooler.
In the Utilities database, Eric Tile-
nius (TILENIUS) has given us an
envelope addresser and a logarithm
program. Dave Archer (DAVE-
ARCHER) has sent a disk directory
database program. Steve Hancock
(KA4ULE) has provided a multiplica-
tion table drill progam, and Rodger
Alexander (SALZARD) has contrib-
uted a monthly report card program.
Mike Brant (MB RANT) has given a
conversion table utility.
In our Games topic area, Richard
P. Trasborg (TRAS) has uploaded
Pinball, and Ronald Cole has sent us
a game called Escape2. Michael
Schneider (MSCHNEIDER) has
given us Slot Machine.
To the Product Reviews section
Denny Skala (DENNYSKALA) has
contributed a comprehensive and
professional review of the OS-9 word
processor, The Last Word,
Our Data Communications area
has been enriched by Rob Wyatt's
(ROBERT J R) Dazzelterm, a termi-
nal program oriented to transmission
of images and sound. Roger Bou-
chard has given us DCMI6, a dedi-
cated disk transfer program.
The OS-9 topic area now features
two new graphics demo programs by
Steve Bjork (6809ER), one similar to
the familiar Amiga bouncing ball
demo, and one which outdoes the
Amiga demo by depicting many
bouncing balls. Steve has also given us
a line feed remover program.
Our thanks to all of you who have
helped our database grow. See you all
i!
Marty
(MARTYGOODMAN)
Delphi CoCo SIG Database Manager
September 1986 THE RAINBOW 175
Look What's New at NOVASOFT!
Top-quality software at
affordable prices, written by
well-known authors in 6809
Machine Language
Di recti ons :<Hest,HorTbV
Vou're driving
aour sports car.
jjut t r t ririr i t' t i i t t > PM
IMMHM
wtxmn*
c rri f flf— 1 128 Click to stop
1 New Release
Maui Vice
Step into the shoes of Crockett & Tubbs,
and gather evidence, photographs and wit-
nesses to convict your suspects! With
"windows" to select your options, hi-res
graphics, and a new story generated each
time you play. This is state-of-the-art that
guarantees excitement and newness every
time you play.
64K Ext. Basic & Joystick Required
Disk $21.95
IB
fx.
'!ftt::!iil!:K:v
■- v'-
IJVou see a cave.
Old nan is here.
| ==
is a doa.a necklace here.
The Misadventures of Eddie
Another great Novasoft adventure. The ol'
man in the mines' rebellious son, Eddie, is
roaming through time, creating havoc-and
you must bring him home in order to return
to your own time! Over 140 locations, 50+
commands, in hi-res graphics. Experienced
adventurers will love this one!
Requires 64K
Disk $21.95
Goldrunner
Travel the maze in your never-ending search
for gold -but beware of trap doors, burly
guards and other hazards! 33 screens.
64K Joystick or Keyboard
Tape $14.95 Disk $17.95
i
? ?
I
• H -;
Moneyopoly
Play the popular board game on one of
the most realistic computer game simula-
tions ever! Contains ail the features of the
original. Buy, sell, rent, wheel & deal your
way to fortune.
32K Joystick Required
Tape $19.95 Disk $22.95
CREDITS
PLAY *J CQIHS
BAR
coins
IM 0 RETURN HANDLE
Vegas Game Pak
Six games in all! Blackjack, Keno, Video
Poker & 3 slot machine lookalikes. Super
graphics!
1 6K Ext. Basic Required
Tape $24.95 Disk $27.95
Other Best Sellers
Martian Crypt— Life once existed on Mars!
Find the hidden Martian crypt. Animated
hi-res graphic adventure with sound effects.
32K Tape $18.95 Disk $21 .95
Skyway- Manuever your craft along the
skyway avoiding enemy craft, mines, sky
bugs and holes! 32K and Joystick.
Tape $19.95 Disk $22.95
Blackbeard's Island— Find Blackbeard's
treasure but be ever mindful of the hazards
along the way. Graphic adventure.
32K Disk $19.95
Brewmaster— Move along the end of the
bars, serving beer to your thirsty customers.
Fast-paced action. 32K & Joystick.
Tape $14.95 Disk $17.95
CoCo Crosswords— Master set has 27
puzzles, four levels of difficulty. Pull down
menu. Additional sets have 30+ puzzles
each.
32K Master Set Disk $24.95
Sets #2, #3, #4 just $12.95 ea. on Disk
Color Car- Fast moving racing lets you
"bump & jump" other racers through the
course.
64K & Joystick. Tape $19.95 Disk $22.95
Tom Mix Products at
New Reduced Prices!
Sailor Man— Defeat the bigfatbadguy and
win Elsie's heart. Super graphics.
64K Tape $24.95 Disk $27.95
Dragon Slayer— Defeat the dragon by
finding your way through a mountain maze.
Gather treasure but avoid the deadly traps!
1 60 exciting screens.
32K & Joystick or Keyboard
Disk $24.95
The King—
32K Tape $24.95 Disk $27.95
Draconian—
32K Tape $1 9.95 Disk $22.95
Ms. Maze-
32K Tape $1 9.95 Disk $22.95
Kater Pillar II-
1 6K Tape $1 9.95 Disk $22.95
Warehouse Mutants -
16K Tape $18.95 Disk $21.95
Buzzard Bait—
32K Tape $19.95 Disk $22.95
NOVASOFT
A Tom Mix Company
4285 Bradford N.E.
Grand Rapids, Ml 49506
Ordering Information
• Add $3 shipping/handling
• Ml residents add 4% sales tax
• Dealers welcome
• Many more titles -write for free catalog!
Credit Card Orders
Call 616/957-0444
TOM MIX'S MINI-CATALOG
Educational Best-Sellers!
P-51 Mustang
Attack/Flight Simulation
The ultimate video experience! Link two
CoCo's together by cable or modem, and
compete against your opponent across
the table OR across the country! (Both
computers require a copy of this program).
The P-51 flight simulator lets you fly this WWII
attack fighter in actual combat situations—
against another player OR against the
computer.
32K Machine Language
Flight Manual Included
Tape $29.95 Disk $34.95
?B 9 9 »B%K?
mm
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CLH
Worlds of Flight
Small Plane Simulation
Real-time simulation generates panoramic
3-D views of ground features as you fly
your sophisticated plane in any of nine
different "worlds." Program models over 35
different aircraft/flight parameters. Realistic
sound effects too! Manual included helps
you through a typical short flight.
32K Machine Language
Flight Manual Included
Joysticks Required
Tape $29.95 Disk $34.95
Teachers Database II -Allows teachers
to keep computerized files of students.
Recently updated with many new features!
• Up to 1 00 students, 24 items per student
• Many easy-to-follow menus
• Records can be changed, deleted,
combined
• Statistical analysis of scores
• Grades can be weighed, averaged,
percentaged
• Individual progress reports
• Student seating charts
• Test result graphs/grade distribution
charts
64K TDBII $59.95 Disk Only
32K TDBI $42.95 Tape $39.95
Fractions— A Three-Program Package.
1 /Mixed & Improper 2/Equivalence
3/Lowest Terms. Practice, review and defi-
nitions make learning easy.
32K Ext. Basic
Tape $30.95 Disk $35.95
Factpack— Three programs for home or
school use provide drill and practice with
basic "-/+/-*-/x" Grades 1-6.
32K Ext. Basic
Tape $24.95 Disk $29.95
Vocabulary Management System -Helps
children learn and practice using vocabu-
lary and spelling words. Eleven programs
including three printer segments for tests,
puzzles, worksheets and five games; many
features make this a popular seller!
Requires 16K Ext. Basic/
32K for Printer Output
Tape $39.95 Disk $42.95
Math Duel— A challenging math game that
pits you against the computer in a game
of wits. Use your knowledge of factors,
multiples and prime numbers to gather
points against your CoCo.
32K Ext. Basic
Tape $30.95 Disk $35.95
HP HI T
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Approach Control Simulation
From Beta soft Systems.
"Caught in a blinding snowstorm, two jet
airliners are on a collision course. The
pilots are unaware of the imminent danger.
Hundreds of lives are at stake. A high-speed
disaster is inevitable unless you act fast..."
This and many other exciting scenarios
await you as an Air Traffic Controller. The
thrills, challenges and frustrations you'll
experience with this authentic, real-time
simulation will give you countless hours of
discovery and adventure.
32K Machine Language
Tape $29.95 Disk$34~95
We Have More Software
Available Than Listed Here.
Please Write for a Free Catalog!
New! Tandy 1000/1200/3000 -I BM/PC-Compatable Software!
Inventory Mate -General purpose
inventory program suitable for a variety
of applications. Inventory turnover and
transactions are kept on permanent
record. Has automatic item count
adjustment when shipping or receiving.
Also generates reports suitable for
many uses! $79.95
Postal Express -Lightning-fast general
purpose mail program for home, small
business. Each file stores up to 500
entries; in-memory storage for quick
operation; automatic selective printing
options using global search and cate-
gorizing features; Zip Code ordering,
alphabetizing, accepts 9-digit and
foreign Zips as well! $49.9 5
Special Delivery -Comprehensive mail
list program for businesses, featuring
versatility found only in much more
expensive packages! Up to 2000 entries
held in each file; additional address line
can be placed anywhere in the
individual mailing label; categorize and
print entries according to custom
needs; Zip Code ordering, alpha-
betizing, uses 9-digit and foreign Zips,
too! $79.95
More Tandy-IBM/PC software available.
Unique Utilities!
New! Use the tools we've used to create
"Donkey King," "Sailor Man" and others!
• Full use of 64K RAM
• 100% Machine Language
• No ROM Calls
• Selectable Drive
• Support 1 -4 drives
• Menu Selected functions
• "Cold Start" exit to Basic
• Parameters easily changeable in basic
loader
MAS Assembler-the finest ever!
(Includes EDT)
Disk $74.95
EDT- Effortless full screen editing w/2-way
cursor. Text files to 48K+. Copy, save,
move, delete, print blocks, much more!
Disk $39.95
Deputy Inspector -Alphabetize, resort and
backup directory; fast 3-swap backups,
copy files or programs, auto-reallocate
granules during backup for faster loading,
more!
Disk $21.95
Sector Inspector- Alphabetize, backup and
print directory; repair crashes, LUST basic
programs, read in and edit 23+ grans,
much more!
Disk $29.95
TOM MIX SOFTWARE
4285 Bradford N.E.
Grand Rapids, Ml 49506
616/957-0444
Ordering Information
Call us at 616/957-0444
for Charge Card orders
Add $3.00 postage and
handling
Ml residents add 4%
sales tax
Authors— We pay top
royalties!
COCO CONSULTATIONS
To *Y\ or Not to <Y'?
By Marty Goodman
In the second installment of "CoCo
Consultations," the following are all ques-
tions that have come from users of rain-
bow's CoCo S1G on Delphi. These have
been asked either in the CoCo SIG forum
or via Delphi Electronic Mail.
• / installed a 1 Y' cable on my disk drive and
now it acts up sometimes. I really don't have
room for a multipack and would prefer not
to get one. What can I do?
(TRASS)
Tom Rasmussen
Davenport, I A
You probably do need a multipack. The
naked CoCo system bus (the signals avail-
able at the ROM pack port) are often too
weak to drive two devices. The multipack
provides buffering and amplifying circuitry.
The extra device on the *Y' cable can also
overload the power supply. Sometimes l Y'
cables work with some hardware combina-
tions, but often they result in intermittent
disk malfunctions. Keeping the 'Y' cable
short (under three inches) increases the
chance it will work properly. I recommend
using a multipack when you need to run two
or more plug-in cards.
• Are the old gray multipacks any different
from the old white multipacks or from the
newer small white ones?
(IRA G)
Ira Goldwyn
Great Neck. NY
Martin H. Goodman, M.D., a physi-
cian trained in anesthesiology, is a
longtime electronics tinkerer and out-
spoken commentator — sort of the
Howard Cose 11 of the CoCo world.
Marty is the database manager of rain-
bow's CoCo SIG on Delphi. His non-
computer passions include running,
mountaineering and outdoor photo-
graphy. Marty lives in San Pablo,
California.
All multipacks should be interchangeable.
The new white ones use different (more
advanced and less expensive) circuitry than
the older ones, but should behave identically
to the older variety.
• My modem and RS-232 Pak were fried by
either the telephone company or lightning.
What precautions can I take to prevent this?
(THEPROFESSOR)
Richard Steinbrueck
Brandon, FL
By placing MOVs (Metal Oxide Varistors)
rated at 130 volts, 220-volt dual Zener
Diodes, and/ or 250-volt Gas Discharge
Tubes in parallel with your incoming phone
line, you can significantly decrease the
chance of spikes harming equipment. Sev-
eral commercial firms sell surge protectors
for the phone line that use some of those
devices. None of these measures guarantees
protection from a direct hit by lightning.
• Is there any reason why I should get an
RS-232 Pak, other than allowing me to run
at 1200 Baud? Why is the bit banger port
alleged to be unsuitable for 1200 Baud
telecommunications when I use it at 4800
Baud to talk to my printer?
(RRIES)
Richard Ries
Copiaque, NY
• / understand Mikeyterm supports the
Radio Shack RS-232 Pak at Baud rates
above 300. How does this work if one only
has a 300 Baud modem? If a modem that can
work at greater than 300 Baud is needed to
operate at speeds greater than 300 Baud,
what advantage does the RS-232 Pak offer?
(GMCC)
George McCashin
Chattanooga, TN
The RS-232 Pak allows you to leave the
printer connected while online, and you'll
find it more convenient to print out what
you receive online. As the price of 1 200 Baud
modems continues to decrease, the Pak will
be more useful. Under OS-9, you will not be
able to hook a terminal to the system unless
you use a hardware RS-232 (RS-232 Pak).
You cannot use 1200 Baud even though your
terminal and RS-232 Pak support such
speeds. You must have a modem that can
also handle such information speeds.
When the computer uses the bit banger to
talk to the printer, it is only sending data to
the printer. It is not receiving. This is simplex
communication. When the port is being used
to talk to a modem, it is called upon to send
and receive data simultaneously. In simplex^
mode, the bit banger has no trouble talking,
even at 9600 Baud.
• Is there any advantage to replacing the 'E'
boards original SAM (74LS783) with one
of the new 7 4 LSI 85 type SAM chips? Is
there any reason to replace the 6821 on an
'E' board with a 6822? I have heard the 6847
VDG has been replaced with a newer, more
efficient chip. Is this true?
(BUG MAN)
Harold Dow da
Columbia, SC
The newer 74LS785 SAM chip timing has
been arranged more precisely to fix some
problems associated with some older SAM
chips. It runs cooler than its predecessor. It
supports 256 cycle refresh four-bit wide
dynamic RAM chips in addition to the older
one-bit wide 128 cycle refresh RAM chips
used in the older CoCos. If you are having
intermittent crashes that you trace to a bad
SAM chip, 1 recommend the 74LS785
(which is backwards compatible to the
machines using the 74LS783). But if you are
not having problems related to the SAM,
178 THE RAINBOW September 1986
leave it alone. The new SAM is Radio Shack
number MX 6433.
The 6822 is not a drop-in replacement for
the 6821. Do not consider putting it into
your 'E' board computer. Although the
descriptions of the pins are the same for both
the 6822 and the 6821, the 6822 uses open
collector gates on the output for one of its
two ports. Conversion is a tedious job, and
not necessary.
The 27-3 134B model CoCo used a variant
of the 6847 called the 6847-T1. This chip
behaves much like the older VDG, but it has
support for true lowercase as well. It is not
easily installed in older model CoCos.
• I have a new model J & M controller with
a built-in parallel port. I am using OS-9 at
present. My old Disk BASIC programs will
not print out through that port. What can
I do? Can I format new disks under OS-9
and copy Disk basic formatted disks?
(BON IE)
Mike Bonie
Sorry, but that parallel port demands
special driver software to be custom in-
stalled in most Disk basic applications
programs to use it. OS-9 is much better
suited for adding hardware like the parallel
port, because all programs designed to run
under it must speak to their ports through
device drivers and descriptors.
Although OS-9 and Disk basic use sim-
ilar fundamental disk formats (both use 256-
byte sectors and 35 tracks, and use the same
numbering of their sectors and tracks), there
may be problems using one to back up the
other's disks. If you are using OS-9 config-
ured for 35-track, single-sided disks the
DSKINI and BACKUP commands will make
an exact copy of an OS-9 disk. If you are
using 40-track and/ or double-sided drives
under OS-9, and have the OS-9 configured
for the same, you will run into problems.
Best keep things under one operating sys-
tem.
• I'm starting my own BBS and need an
auto-answer modem. I own a DC-3 from
Radio Shack. Can you tell me how to use
it for auto-answer?
(CGR)
Christian Ross
Williamsport, PA
The DC-3 does not support auto-answer.
A while ago, RAINBOW ran an article on how
to convert a DC-1 modem to allow it to
auto-answer. If you are an experienced
hardware hacker, that conversion could
probably be adapted to the DC-3. But my
advice is such a conversion would be a waste
of time and money, considering the low price
these days of auto-answer modems.
Your technical questions are welcomed.
Please address them to CoCo Consultations,
the rainbow, P.O. Box 385, Prospect, KY
40059.
We reserve the right to publish only
questions of general interest and to edit for
brevity and clarity. Due to the large volume
of mail we receive, we are unable to answer
letters individually.
For quicker response time, your questions
may also be posted in the FORUM section
of rainbow's CoCo SIG on Delphi. In
FORUM, type ADD and address your ques-
tions to the username MARTYGOOD-
MAN. Marty is on most every evening to
respond to FORUM messages. Other CoCo
SIG members may also reply to questions
posted in this public message area. Please be
sure to leave your name and address in any
FORUM questions, since those of wide
interest will be selected for publication in
this column. /£\
*★**★★ SELECTED SOFTWARE ★★★★★★
SOLDERLESS UPGRADE KITS
With easy-to-follow instructions
64 K FOR E BOARD
64K FOR F BOARD
64K FOR C0C02* (ALL MODELS)
EXTENDED BASIC CHIP
'All Korean models require one solder joint
Please specify model # with order
$39.95
$29.95
$29.95
$34.95
NOTE: All ICs used in our km are first Quality 1.50 A/S
prime chips and carry one full year warranty.
BASIC ROMs DISASSEMBLY
COLOR BASIC UNRAVELLED
EXTENDED BASIC UNRAVELLED
DISK BASIC UNRAVELLED
ALL 3 BOOKS
ULTRA 80C DISK EDITOR ASSEMBLER
BUG OUT & THE ORACLE (M.L Monitor)
ALL 5 ITEMS
500 POKES, PEEKS, "N EXECS
UTILITY ROUTINE (VOLUME 1)
WITH ROUTINES ON TAPE OR DISK
ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE PROGRAMMING
ALL 9 ITEMS
$17.95
$17.95
$17.95
ONLY $39.95
$29.95
$14.95
ONLY $59.95
$16.95
$19.95
$36.95
(tepco) $16.95
ONLY $119.95
COCO MAX tape only $64.95
COCO MAX II disk only $74.95
Y-BRANCHING CABLE $27.95
DS-69A DIG I SECTOR & C-SEE 111 SOFTWARE $149.95
HJL-57 KEYBOARD $69.95
VOLKS MODEM $54.95
THE INTRONICS EPROM Programmer
Program Up to 64K Eprom $139.95
DATARASE (Eprom Eraser) * $39.95
2764 HIGH SPEED COMPATIBLE $5.95
27128 HIGH SPEED COMPATIBLE $7.95
ROM PACK P.C. BOARD
with case for 27xx $9.95
TEAC 55B DS/DD Hall Height Drive $109.95
WIZARD'S CASTLE
64K Graphic Adventure
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September 1986 THE RAINBOW 179
The last installment, of the point-and-pick interface
CoCo Mouse:
The Final Chapter
By Steve Bjork
refresh your memory, The
H ^^^kMouse is an assembly lan-
ML guage program that dis-
plays and moves a cursor and prints
upper- and lowercase text on the Hi-Res
graphics screen. A BASIC program may
access this interface by 13 user functions
and the PRINT command.
Last month we covered the assembly
language side of the USR function and
PRINT command, along with the code
for drawing the cursor (pointer). We
also looked at how the joystick and
button information is polled.
This month we have the second half
of the source code, bell and clock
sounds and the Hi-Res screen text
driver and its character shape data.
Before getting started I want to re-
mind you that The Mouse and its source
code are copyright 1986 by SRB Soft-
Steve Bjork has been a programmer for
over 15 years. In his association with
Datasoft he has authored such pro-
grams as Zaxxon, Sands of Egypt and
Mega-Bug. He now handles product
development for his own company,
SRB Software, and has produced Stel-
lar Life Line, Ghana Bwana and PitFall
II among others. Steve lives in Simi
Valley, California
ware with all rights reserved. It is
presented in RAINBOW magazine for
private use only, and can't be used (all
or part) in any marketed product with-
out written consent from SRB Soft-
ware.
Makin' Some Noise!
The first subroutine of Listing 1
(MOUSE3/ ASM) generates the bell
sound used in function 7. The bell sound
is generated by playing a steady tone
that decreases in volume as it is played
(see Figure 1).
So the sound can be heard, the bell
routine first enables sound to the TV
and selects the six-bit DAC as the sound
device by calling SNDON. Next, the
interrupts are disabled so the timing
loops are not distorted and the starting
volume is selected.
Lines 600 to 1900 generate the enve-
lope in Figure 1. After bell sound is
completed, the interrupts are turned
back on and the TV sound is disabled.
The click sound does not change in
volume like the bell, but does become
lower in pitch as it is played. With click
being so fast, the interrupts do not need
to be turned off as before. Lines 4600
through 5400 flip the bits of the six-bit
DAC with a longer delay each time to
generate its wave form.
PRINT @
The Hi-Res screen text driver has 32
characters per line, just like the stand-
ard green text screen. But eight lines
must be added to make a total of 24 and
give an extra 256 positions. This does
present a little problem; the PRINT
Figure 1: Bell Sound
command's 4 @' can't address these new
lines. So The Mouse intercepts the
PRINT command to handle the 4 @'
function for screen location in NPRINT,
lines 6300 to 9400 of Listing 1.
NPRINT jumps to the old PRINT
command vector (in OLDPRT) if there is
no '@' after the word PRINT. If there is
an '@', a 16-bit number subroutine of
Color BASIC ROM is called to find the
new location. If this number is larger
then the window size, then an FC Error
is generated. With everything OK, the
cursor is moved to the new location and
180 THE RAINBOW September 1986
rxiiiern
uinary
Way
UcCimal
* * ♦
• • • • •
AAA 1 1 1AA
UUU 111 VK)
J>1^
OQ
Zo
A A 1 AAA 1 A
UUiUUUlU
coo
AA 1 AAAAA
con
• • ■ • •
AAA 111 AA
UUU1 1 1UU
Oft
Zo
*
OAAAAA 1 A
CAO
z
* *
00100010
$22
34
***
• • • » «
00011100
SIC
28
00000000
$00
0
Figure 2: Dot Format for *S'
the old PRINT command handles the
rest of the line.
Outgoing Intercepters
All characters that would normally
go to the text screen are intercepted by
The Mouse. This is done by redirecting
the standard output path through
SPRINT at Line 10500. This routine
calls CHR (Hi-Res text driver) if a Hi-
Res graphics screen is selected. If a Lo-
Res graphics or text screen is displayed
at the time, then the old standard output
path is used.
The routine that prints a character to
the Hi-Res screen, CHR, must first
decide what mode it is in. These modes
are Standard, Set Cursor Position and
Set Window. Standard prints the char-
acter, does a control code or sets up the
other two modes. Set Cursor Position
mode takes the next two characters (X
and Y position) and moves the cursor
(lines 13600 through 15100). The Set
Window mode takes the next four
characters and sets up a new scroll-
protected window (lines 10400 through
15400 of Listing 2).
Standard mode first tests if the char-
acter is a control code, 0 to 13, with
CHRTAB holding the offset vector for
these routines. Some of the routines are
Line Feed, Clear Screen, Carriage
Return, Set Window and Set Cursor
Position.
Next is a test for displayable range (32
to 127). If it is in range, then the char-
acter's shape is selected out of
CHRDAT shape data. The Shape Data
format is one byte (eight dots) wide and
eight bytes (lines) high.
MOUSE4/ ASM (Listing 2) is the
CHRDAT shape data table for all 96
displayable characters. Each character
shape consists of one byte (eight dots)
wide by eight bytes (scan lines) high. If
the bit is a zero, then a black dot is
placed or the screen. And of course, if
the bit is a one, then a white dot is
displayed. Dot format for ? he letter "S"
is shown in Figure 2.
Each line of the CHRDAT shape data
table has eight bytes (four word length)
per line. Some assemblers do not allow
for more then one expression per line.
If this is the case with your assembler
then all 96 FDB lines must be replaced
by four FDB lines with one expression
each.
That's all the source code. If you have
any questions about The Mouse or its
source code just drop me a line, or better
yet, look for me (6809er) at rainbow's
Color Computer SIG on Delphi.
(You may contact Mr. Bjork at 2529
Ellington Court, Simi Valley, CA
93063. Please enclose an SASE when
writing.) □
04800
BNE
CLICK2
04900
LDB
3FF20
GET DAC PORT
Listing 1:
05000
EORB
#$F0
FLIP TOP 4 BITS
05100
STB
3FF20
SAVE SET PORT
i
05200
INGA
MAKE DELAY LONGER
05300
CMPA
#76
ALL DONE?
00100
* SOUND
AND SCREEN DRIVERS
05400
BLO
CLICK1
NO, LOOP BACK
00200
PING
BSR
SNDON
GET SOUND FROM 6 BIT DAC
05500
BRA
SNDOFF
ELSE SOUND OFF AND EXIT
00300
PSHS
CC
SAVE IRQ FLAGS
05600
00400
0RCC
#$50
TUEN OFF IRQS
05700 FNERR
LDB
#4*2
GO HERE FOR ?FN ERROR
00500
LDA
#230
HOW LONG TO DO SOUND
05800
FCB
S8C
00600
PING1
BSR
PING5
DO A TIME DELAY
05900 SNERR
LDB
#2
GO HERE FOR ?SN ERROR
00700
06000
JMP
$AC46
JUMP TO ERROR (OF BASIC)
00800
TFR
A,B
GET TIME COUNT
06100
00900
ANDB
#$F7
USE ONLY THE TOP 5 BITS
06200 *M0USE*
S NEW
PRINT COMMAND
01000
ORB
#2
SET PRINTER BIT HIGH
06300 NPRINT
BEQ
O PRINT
SKIP IF NO PRINT DATA
01100
STB
3FF20
SEND IT OUT THE DAC PORT
06400
CMPA
#64
IS THE FIRST CHAR. A "@"?
01200
06500
BNE
0PRINT
01300
BSR
PING5
DO A TIME DELAY
06600
PSHS
A
01400
LDB
#2
CLEAR ALL BITS BUT PRINTER
06700
LDA
3FF22
GET GRAPHICS MODE
01500
STB
9FF20
ON DAC PORT
06800
ANDA
#3E0
IS SCREEN A PM0DE 3 TO 4
01600
DECA
MAKE BALL SOUND SMALLER
06900
E0RA
#$E0
01700
DECA
BY 2
07000
PULS
A
01800
CMPA
#18
IS BELL DONE?
07100
BNE
OPRINT
NO, THEN USE OLD PRINT COMMAND
01900
BHS
PING1
NO, THEN LOOP
07200
02000
PULS
CC
TURN ON IRQS
07300
JSR
$B3E4
GET VAL FOR THE @ POSITION
02100
SND0FF
LDA
5FF23
TURN OFF DAC SOUND
07400
PSHS
U
SAVE U, NEED FOR VARIABLE BLOCK
02200
ANDA
#$F7
BY RESETTING THE BIT
07500
LEAH
DATA ,'PCR
GET VARIABLE POINTER
02300
STA
$FF23
07600
CLR
COUNT, U
CLEAR LINE COUNT
02400
CLRB
MAKE RETURN ZERO
07700 ATI
INC
COUNT, U
ADD ONE TO LINE COUNT
02500
RTS
AND RETURN
07800
SUBB
WDKLEN.U
SUB ONE LINE WIDTH
02600
07900
SBCA
#0
(DO 16 BIT SUB)
02700
SNDOH
LDA
$FF23
TURN ON THE SOUND BY
08000
BCC
ATI '
LOOP TILL NEC
02800
0RA
#8
SETTING THE SOUND ON BIT
08100
ADDB
WDKLEN.U
ALWAYS ONE TOO MANY
02900
STA
$FF23
08200
LDA
COUNT, U
GET LINE COUNT
03000
LDA
SFF01
GET LSB OF JOY/AUDIO
08300
DECA
ALWAYS ONE TOO MANY
03100
ANDA
#?FF-8
PORT AND RESET IT
08400
CMPA
WDYLEN.U
IS THE LINE OUT OF THE WINDOW
03200
STA
$FF01
AND PUT IT BACK
08500
BHS
FNERR
FM ERROR IF OUT OF RANGE
03300
LDA
SFF03
GET MSB OF J0Y/AUDI0
08600
STD
YCPOS.U
SAVE THE LINE & COLUMN POSITION
03400
ANDA
#$FF-8
PORT AND RESET IT TOO
08700
PULS
U
RESTORE U REG.
03500
STA
$FF03
AND PUT IT BACK
08800
03600
RTS
NOW EXIT
08900
JSR
$A5
GET NEXT CHAR.
03700
09000
BEQ
OPRINT
END IF END OF PRINT DATA
03800
PINGS
LDB
#180
TIME DELAY USED BY BELL (PING)
09100
CMPA
#82C
IS THE CHAR. A ", n ?
03900
PING6
DECB
09200
BNE
SNERR
NO. THEN ?SN ERROR
04000
BNE
PING6
09300
JSR
$9F
SET FLAGS FOR CHARACTER
04100
RTS
09400 0PRINT
JMP
[OLDPRT+DATA.FCR]
04200
09500
04300
★HAKE A
SMALL
CLICK SOUND
09600 FHTAB
FDB
CHR1-PMTAB
TABLE USED FOR PMODE TYPE
04400
CLICK
BSR
SNDON
TURN SOUND ON TO DAC
09700
FDB
PM0DE1-PMTAB
04500
LDA
#10
START TIME DELAY SHORT
09800
FDB
PMODE2 - PMTAB
04600
CLICK1
TFR
A,B
DO A DELAY (USE COUNT)
09900
04700
CLICK2
DECB
GET LONGER EACH TIME
10000
FDB
WMODEl-PMTAB
September 1 986 THE RAINBOW 1 81
The Crbs
3WU1 U
reator
Can you crpate a totally symmetrical
crossword puzzle using the Word* pro-
gram and the specifications outlined in
the accompanying article on Page 38 of
the May 1986 issue of the rainbow? If s<3,
you may wish to enter The Crossword
Creator Contest. And, if we choose to
print your crossword puzzle, you will be
awarded a special prize;.
Send us a disk or cassette copy of the
data file of your puzzle created by Word+
along with a printed copy of the cross-
word puzzle — including the clues and
answers. Be sure to put a title on the
puzzle and if possible, follow a general
interest theme, i a
Entries will be judged on the following
criteria:
I J
Puzzle symmetry
Number of words
Spelling ■
Creativity j. .
Thematic originality
I Understandability
Ease of loading data
Neatness
Packaging
mmm
m
Enter as often as you like! Please note:
We consider your act of entering the
contest as consent to publish your cFeap
The Crossword Creator Contest is
open to all rainbow readers, advertisers
and employees of Falsoft, Inci
Send entries to:
Crossword Creator Contest
c/o THE RAINBOW
The Falsoft Building
P.O, Box 385 ™
KY
10100
FDB
WM0DE2 - PMTAB
10200
FDB
VM0DE3 - PMTAB
10300
FDB
WM0DE4- PMTAB
10400
10500
SPRINT
PSHS
B
SAVE IT'S DATA, I NEED TO USE IT
10600
LDB
$FF22
GET SCREEN MODE
10700
EORB
#$E0
COMPLEMENT HI -RES BITS
10800
ANDB
#$E0
ONLY USE THOSE BITS
10900
* IP THE SCREEN
IS IN THE HI-RES
(6K) MODE THEN B-0
11000
11100
ORB
S6F
GET I/O PATH NUMBER
11200
* IF THE 1/0 PATH IS THE SCREEN
(ZERO) THEN B STILL WILL BE ZERO
11300"
11400
D
D
GET B OLD DATA
11500
SKIP IF FOR HI -RES SCREEN
11600
THV
frtTnTrto.nATA pro 1
ELSE USE OLD I/O PATH CALL
11700
11800
T PA«J
REMOVE PATCH-CALL ADDRESS
11900
12000
CHR
PSHS
U.Y.X.D
SAVE ALL REGS.
12100
LEAD
DATA, PGR
GET ADDRESS OF VARIABLES
12200
LDB
FM0DE , U
GET PRINT MODE
12300
LEAX
PMTAB, PCR
GET PRINT HODE OFFSET TABLE
12400
LSLB
MAKE PRINT MODE *2 FOR 16 OFFSET
12500
LDD
B,X
GET PRINT MODE'S 16 BIT OFFSET
12600
LEAX
D,X
MAKE X POINT THE SUBR.
12700
LDA
.s
GET CHARACTER TO PRINT
12800
JSR
,x
CALL IT
12900
LDB
xcpos.o
GET PRINT CURSOR X POSITION
13000
ORB
#$E0
MAKE IT BOTTOM LINE
13100
LDA
#5
13200
STD
$88
PUT IT IN BASIC'S CURSOR POSITION
13300
PULS
PC,U,Y,X,D
RESTORE REGS AND EXIT
13400
13500 *SET TEXT CURTS0R Y POSITION
13600
PM0DE2
CMPA
WDYLEN U
IS Y POSITION BIGGER THEN THE
13700
BLO
PMODEA
WIND0W7 NO, USE IT1
13800
LDA
WDYLEN ,U
ELSE USE THE MAX POSITION
13900
DECA
14000
PMODEA
STA
YCPOS U
STORE IT
14100
CLR
PMODE , D
RESET PMODE TO NORMAL
14200
RTS
AND EXIT
14300
14400 *GET X
POSITION
14500
PM0DE1
CMPA
WDXLEN ,0
IS THE X POSITION TOO BIG?
14600
BLO
PM0DEB
NO, USE IT!
14700
LDA
WDXLEN. 0
ELSE USE THE MAX X POSITION
DECA.
STA
XCPOS D
STORE IT
INC
PMODE D
MOVE TO NEXT PRINT MODE
15100
RTS
AND EXIT
15200
15300
CHRTAB
FDB
NUL- CHRTAB
CONTROL COD: VECTORS
15400
FDB
SETPOS- CHRTAB
15500
FDB
SVI DEO -CHRTAB
15600
FDB
I VIDEO- CHRTAB
15700
FDB
SETWIN- CHRTAB
15800
FDB
LEFT -CHRTAB
15900
FDB
RIGHT -CHRTAB
16000
FDB
PING -CHRTAB
16100
FDB
BACKSP-CHRTAB
16200
FDB
TAB -CHRTAB
16300
FDB
LF- CHRTAB
16400
FDB
UPLINE- CHRTAB
16500
FDB
CLS- CHRTAB
16600
FDB
CR- CHRTAB
16700
16800
CHRl
CMPA
#13
IS THE CHARACTER A CONTROL CODE?
16900
BHI
CHR20
SKIP IF NOT
>, 17000
LSLA
ELSE JUMP TO IT VECTOR
17100
LEAX
CHRTAB , PCR
17200
LDD
A.X
17300
JMP
D.X
17400
17500
CHR20
SUBA
#32
IS IT A PRINTABLE CODE?
17600
CMPA
#96
17700
BHI
CHR29
NO, THEN SKIP TO EXIT
17800
17900
LBSR
H0LDIT
PUT MOUSE CURSOR ON HOLD
18000
LDB
XCPOS , D
GET X- POSITION ON SCREEN
18100
CMPB
WDXLEN ,0
PAST RIGHT SIDE?
18200
BLO
CHR21
NO, JUST PRINT IT
18300
CLR
XCPOS, U
ELSE BACK TO LEFT SIDE
18400
INC
YCPOS, D
AND MOVE DOWN LINE
18500
BSR
SCROLL
IF NEEDS TO SCROLL, THEN SCROLL!
18600
18700
CHR21
LEAY
>CHRDAT,PCR
GET CHR DATA TABLE
18800
LDB
#8
INDEX TO THE CHAR. DATA
18900
MOT
19000
LEAY
D,Y
19100
19200
LDD
WDYPOS,0
GET WINDOW START POSITION
19300
ADDD
YCPOS, U
GET TEXT CURSOR POSITION
19400
ADDA
S START
ADD SCREEN START IN MEMORY
19500
TFR
D,X
AND POINT X TO IT
19600
LDB
#8
NUMBER BYTES PER CHAR.
19700
CHR22
LDA
,Y+
GET DATA BYTE
19800
EORA
INVERT ,0
INVERT IF FLAG IS ON
19900
STA
,x
PUT IT ON THE SCREEN
20000
LEAX
32, X
NEXT LINE ON SCREEN
20100
DECB
ALL BYTES DONE???
20200
BNE
CHR22
LOOP IF NOT
20300
204OO
INC
XCPOS, u
NEXT POSITION ON SCREEN
20500
CHR29
RTS
182
THE RAINBOW September 1986
Listing 2:
nm nn
UU1UU
★M0USE5/ASM
PART 2 OF SCREEN DRIVER
uuzuu
UUJUU
★THIS ONE DOES A RETURN ON
nnAnn
UUHUU
CR
LDB
WUXTFN TT
IT 9 U
PPT T TMT7 T TTUPTU
nn^nn
SUBB
xcpos n
A\J 1 wij j U
PPT DVTr T T7TTT AM T TH.TT7
UUDUU
CRl
DECB
A VTV BVTFC T PPT AM TTMP9
f\mt\f\
uu/uu
BMI
CR2
eVTp TT7 MAT
PSHS
1
O
CAVP PnTTMTPO
IDA
#32
PPT CPAPP '» «
U1UUU
LBSR
fUD 9 A
PRTMT TT fiN CPDPPM
oi i no
U1LUU
POLS
Q
O
PPT PPTTHTPB
oi 9on
BRA
PR 1
T HAD TTT T TPVTT\ nr T THE
lAJUr IILL hNU OF L1NL
m inn
U1JUU
oi Ann
CR2
CLR
YPPPC TT
TJl Iffl TP V ( M ^TTDOATJ A *P CPABT AT* T T VT T7
rUT TEXT CURSOR AT START OF LINE
m cnn
m cnn
Ulbuu
*D0 A LINE FEED
ni TOO
Ul/UU
LF
TNC
J, LI \J
vppnc n
1 l< ruj , u
UATTP nATJTJ AVTP T TMP
tlUVt JJUWW UNt L1CJL
m ann
SCROLL
PSHS
A
A
CAVP PD TMTTMP PUAD
m onn
LDB
ycpoc n
PPT T TW1? DACTTTAM
n?nnn
CMPB
UTiYT FN TT
TP TTJTC T TMP ATTTJ CFVUVKIt
no 1 nn
BLO
erpnT T 9
Mfi ClfTP inn PTTT
nu, 3M1 atiu rj.11
09900
DEC
YCPOS TT
PT CP WnTJP TIP A T TMP
09100
09 aoo
BSR
HOLD IT
I Alt JL X
TTTPTJ rttflf PTTBCnP POP PP TMTTMP
02500
IDA
#15
09600
STA
HOLD n
MAlf P TPP HPT n A T TTTT P T PMPPP
09700
uz / yv
LDA
PPT MTTMRPP T TMP TM UTHPrtU
DECA
T)rtM>T CPPPTT TUP TACT T TMP
O9Q0O
BEQ
SCROLLS
CVTP PMT V PHP T TMP
01000
01100
LDA
WDYP0S U
PPT TPYT UTNTiOU T TNP PrtCTTTPN
uCl 1LA1 wllrUUW i_ln_- rUolllUCi
01900
ADDA
S START
Ann THP CPRFPM CTABT PPCTTTPM
01100
LDB
VJDXP0S U
PET WINDOW P PPCTTTfiN
03400
VvTVV
TFR
D,X
AND MAKE X POINT TO IT
A_L1 U I iXVXV-L-i A 4 Willi JL W -L JL
03500
IDA
WDYLEN, U
GET NUMBER OP T TNES IN V7TND0W
v£f JL 11 V 1 1 L> LilV wf JLi J. Ll J-i *J J. LI ff ^. Ll L/ W n
03600
DEGA
DON'T SCROLL THE LAST ONE
l»* W L 1 JL J Ui\U 1 il 1 JL41JW Mflw JL wLlb
03700
LSLA
MUL BY 8 SCAN LINES
liv A_i aJ L. w »J* WVi 1 ui,t1L_ w
03800
LSLA
03900
LSLA
04000
SCR0LL1
fcrf x»^^w -mm
PSHS
X,A
SAVE SCAN LINE COUNT & POINTER
041 00
LDB
VJDXLEN D
RFT UTNOOtf Y T FNPTH
VfC«A n lliUwn A LLLluln
049OO
LSRB
DTT7TnP RY 9
AJX V l^t DA i.
nAinn
BCC
AJ W w
CVTP TP FVFN
niAnn
T DA
956 X
movp onp rytp tp nnn
n/. *nn
CTA
a aa
n/. cnn
U4oUU
CPRPTT 9
ourvUiiXi^
CTR
COUNT U
CPT RVTF PPITNTPP
JLi Dii£i uuuni LA
U4/UO
Rrn
SCR0LL4
Clf TP TP OMT V OHF RYTP T(\ MPUP
OfvlL IF UliLiI UnCi DL1L lv CluVL
ft/.Drtrt
UHoUU
cppptt 1
t nn
LtLfLJ
256 X
PT CP MOVF TUn RYTFC AT ONPF
nAonn
ctti
t ATI
o^noo
twp
TrjOP TTTT ATT RYTFC ARF nONF
lAVur 1 ALu A Li Li DL1LJ AAVCi UUlTCi
0S1 00
RNF
SCR0LL3
05900
CpppT T 4
PtTLS
A U 1 ■ >
RFCFT RAP? TO CTART OP T TMP
AXtOCiX DAvAi Aw OXAA\X wT XiXriCi
05 100
LEAX
32 X
MOVF TO NFYT CP AN T TNP
05400
T1FPA
AT T T TMP MnUPn?
05500
RNF
SCR0LL1
T/IOP TP NOT
05700
COROT T 5
LDB
HI 0
#fi
T TMPC TO RP RT AHVFn
XiXnCS 1U DL DliAnlvCiU
Uj 0 UU
t ni
LUA
TNVFTJT TT
PPT RAPVPPlTMn ^RTAflf PP LTtlTTP N
u^y uu
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rbnb
A , D
CATTP T TMP CTADT A MFI rrtlTHTFT)
bAvt 1.1 Nr. a 1 AK1 AXi 11 UUUn 1 LK
UoUUU
T TITS
LDB
UT1TT FH TT
prip VTT riyf DTD AP DVTPO OPD T TUP
UL1 NUrlDLR Or Diltb rLR LINE
f\c 1 nn
Uo luu
SCR0LL7
STA
t
rUT DOWN dauKROUND
nconn
DECB
ATT nrtUff UTTU TOT C T TTJP 9
ALL UUWt W11M Inlb LlNbr
nc inn
udjuu
IS VTT?
BNE
ef*RnT T 7
MP TUPM T HrtP
nc Ann
BTTT
rULS
T R
A. t D
PPT PPTTMT X- CTABT PP T TMP
uLl UUUH1 a alAtll ur 1 ■ 1 w r.
nc Rnn
Uo OUU
LtAX
19 T
MPUP TP HFTT T TMP
nccnn
UO OUU
DfcCB
AT T T TMPC nPMP
n<7nn
uo / UU
BNfc
erDOT T 6
TilPD TP MPT
UJUr Xr NUI
uoouu
t n a
LDA
#2
RPCPT HOT n
rue sci nui*u
oaqoo
UO 7 UU
STA
HOLD U
C 1 f TJ AT T A
SCROLL?
OTTT C
PULS
PC A
AMn PTTT
Ail Li JLAX 1
n7i no
U f 1UU
07900
H0LDIT
PSHS
n T TT T
CAVP ATT RFPC
SAVE. AXjXj d_LLto
07 IOO
T A A
LDA
4A0
#«i
HPT AV PTTPCPD PPP 9 TDAC
n7Ann
STA
UrtTT\ TT
HuLD , U
m cnn
U / jUU
LBSR
ITTD AT? 17
TURN OFF CURSOR
07600
PULS
TJ^ TT V r\
rG , U, Y , X, D
RESTORE AND EXIT
07700
AT AAA
07800
CLS
BSR
HOLD1T
PUT CURSOR ON HOLD
a -j a a a
07900
LDA
#10
T"i fry T* fTl AVI ff AT T\ a T TrTlrTIT T* T
PIT IT ON HOLD A LITTLE LONGER
AnAAA
08000
STA
T> AT T\ TT
HOLD , U
08100
LDD
TTT\VTSAff TT
WDYP0S ,U
AT*ffl rTT\1 T\ AT T T% A A Till t AIT
GET WINDOW POSITION
A A 1 A A
08200
ADDA
S START
ADD START OF SCREEN MEMORY
Uo JUO
TFR
T\ V
u , A
\jf a 1 7 TT" tt ihi *i Turn Tt nt a a a a t™ \ t
MAKE X THE POINTER TO SCREEN
no /. nn
UohUU
LDA
T M U P *D T 1 TT
GE1 dACKKOUhD COLOR
no cnn
LDB
rmvr T?VT |T
ppm HTTWtJFD HT7 T TMTTC
uoouu
LSLB
o LINEb FKR. T£LXT LINh
ao "rnn
(Jo /UU
LSLB
ao onn
Uoouu
LSLB
-
as Ann
UoVUU
CLS1
PSHS
B,X
A A TTC T TMP A At tVT'T 1 C TJATMrnPT)
SAVE LINE COUNT & POINTER
AA AAA
09000
LDB
WDXLEN, U
GET NUMBER OF BYTES PER LINE
A A ^ A A
09100
GLS2
STA
,X+
PUT BAGKR0UND ON SCREEN
09200
DECB
ARE ALL BYTES DONE ON LINE
09300
BNE
CLS 2
NO, THEN LOOP BACK
09400
PULS
X,B
GET LINE COUNTER & START OF LINE
09500
LEAX
32.X
MOVE TO NEXT SCAN LINE
09600
DECB
ALL SCANS DONE?
09700
BNE
CLS1
NO, THEN LOOP
09800
CLR
YCP0S.U
PUT TEXT CURSOR AT
09900
CLR
XGP0S.U
TOP OF WINDOW
10000
LDA
#2
RESET HOLD TO STANDARD
10100
CTA
O XA
unT r\ n
HOLD , u
10200
RTC
til o
AND EXIT
10300
10400 SVIDE0
CLR
TMVPPT TT
MAKE WHITE ON BLACK
10500 NUL
RTC
10600
10700 SETP0S
LDA
#1
START GET CURSOR POSITION
10800
CTA
v A A
PMODE , U
10900
RTC
11000
11100 SETWIN
LDA
#3
CTADT AT7TI LfT HT\AI T AT*7r ^ t^^ — -.-— — ^..
oiAKl ULl WINDOW SIZE & POSITION
11200
STA
PMODE n
11300
RTS
11400
11500 VM0DE1
CMPA
#31
lo WINDOW X START POS <31
11600
BHS
WERROR
TTT IJArp rpTj a rp rn n An
It WO I THAT ERROR
11700
STA
WDXPOS U
~ WAV4 W f W
11800
NEGA
A T7 fl "1/ A TF [TT VT n ATT T7 •* n n a *». .
«ti MAX WINDOW X LEG FOR THAT
11900
ADDA
#32
START PS0ITI0N
12000
±. 4U \J \J\J
CTA
o 1 A
wDXLEN.U
AND USE IT FOR NOW
12100
PT P
ITAnAA TT
YCPOS , U
HOME TEXT CURSOR TO TOP
12200
CLR
XCPOS U
T PPT fW tTTXTY\rtTT
mri Or WINDOW
12300
INC
pmodf it
MOVE TO NEXT PRINT MODE
12400
RTC
aid
12500
12600 VM0DE2
CMPA
#23
IS WINDOW Y START POS <23
12700
BHS
TJFRRPP
F \ T /~ \ III rf*T TT T^ 1 T M wm A _
IF NOT THEN ERROR
12800
STA
WDYPOS U
12900
MPP A
GET MAX WINDOW X LEN FOR THAT
13000
a nn a
STARTING POSITION
13100
STA
WDYLEN TT
13200
ING
PMODE T7
MOVE TO NEXT PRINT MODE
13300
PTC
Al S
13400
13500 WERR0R
CLR
PMODE U
.nX.OA.1 rKlNl flODE
13600
LBRA
FN ERR
aWi) uivt. A 7 FN ERROR
13700
13800 VM0DE3
BE0
WFRROR
TV Li£\iWi\
ERROR IF 0 BYTES PER LINE
13900
nip*
ttt\ itt rvi tt
WDXLEN t U
IS THIS WINDOW TOO BIG?
14000
BUT
Drll
TTt«Tj n f\D
WLKKOR
?FN ERROR IF SO
14100
STA
WDXLEN TT
" UiLXALfil j y
TTT CI? CT?T T TMP T c vt a *m v
HL.bc. bcT LINL LENGTH
14200
INC
PMODE U
» At AW W 1^ y \J
nuvw iu Nc XT PRINT MODE
14300
RTS
14400
14500 WM0DE4
BEQ
WERROR
■1 UAU\vi\
FRROD T T? T ITMnTTJ TP fir>n a
EiIsauk ±r ULLNLi in IS ZERO
14600
CMPA
VDYT FN TT
n U 1 1 .r. Li , U
lo THE SIZE TOO BIG?
14700
RHT
onx
lTTTO D rtTJ
WLKKUK
FN ERROR IF SO
14800
CTA
S 1A
TTT\ VT CM TT
ELSE SET IT
14900
PT R
U LA
TJTrfnTM? TT
rflUDL t U
RESET PRINT MODE
15000
PTC
Ala
AND EXIT
15100
15200 IVIDE0
LDA
rTmmJ J
CFT RT_APK ON TJTJTTF VTnFP
OCil DLAuA wll wrtxir* V 1JJLU
15300
STA
TNVFRT TT
X Ll V Ci A 1 iU
15400
RTS
15500
15600 *THIS IS A BACK
15700 BACKSP
LDD
YfiPO^ TT
L w 17 VJ w ^ U
PPT TPTT PTTRCPR PPCTTTPM
Uiil ir*Al UUAaUA rvdlllUu
15800
DECB
BACK TIP ONF
Uftuft uf VJ1T£.
15900
BPL
BACKS 1
USE TT IF STILL ON THE SAME T TNP
Ww Lm\ X -Li w X x ajaj ULl 1 LLLi yiuly 1 - 1 LX Ci
16000
LDB
WDXLEN U
ELSE MOVE CURSOR TO END
Aw W A W T lw w U A7V w w t\r X W b LI tmf
16100
DECB
OF LINE
W AV Ulll Xv
16200
DECA
AND MOVE UP ONE T TNE
16300
BPL
BACKS 1
USE IT IF NOT THE TOP OF WTNDOtf
16400
INCA
FT^E HACTT THP TflP T TNF
Aw 1 Jiil Hi AJA WAX iVi IU AT JwXLl Aw
16500
CLRB
ANH ^TABT OF THF T TNF
16600 BACKS 1
STD
YCPOS U
X Ui WU f U
STORF NFU TFYT CTTP^nT? PH^TTTHN
ulUL\Ci LI Aw ff A. AX/Vi J. W U AA.W VJaA L Vwll IvLl
16700
LDA
#32
CTaFAB. fRTANK^ THF NFW TFVT
W LamTLA V. O LlUl(\ y J> LlAw LI Aw ff X 1. A. X
16800
LBSR
CHR20
CURSOR POSITION
W U A\W WA A W W JL 1 A V LI
16900
DEC
XCPOS u
MOVE BACK TO THAT PLACE
A 1W V Ipt W A w AV A> V/ X ALTV X A UlU Aw
17000
RTS
AND EXIT
17100
17200 LEFT
LDA
xppos n
AuL wJ y U
GET TEXT CURSOR' C T POCTTTON
ULl J. L«A A VU L\w wA w A L VOL A X wLt
17300
DECA
MOVF RACK ONF
17400
BPL
TP CTTT T PMF T THP9 TUPM TTCP TT
x r oi ill uti r. XiXnGdf i nr.ri uor. xi
17500
LDA
TJTWT pu TT
PT CF MAKE TT THF MAT RTPHT
llol fiAr^r. xi inc. rUvA AlUtll
17600
DECA
POCTTTON ON T TNF
17700 LEFT1
STA
YCPOS U
AND STORF TT
Ally W A ULvLi JL Jm
17800
RTS
ALL DONE AND F7TT
17900
18000 RIGHT
IDA
XCPOS U
GET TEXT CURSOR'S X POS TT TON
<J Aw X A AwJJV A W \J C\W v£\ w A A WW X A 1 VII
18100
INCA
MOVE TO RIGHT
A AW T mm* 4m \mf AV-Ar ULL A
18200
CMPA
WDXLEN U
GONE TOO FAR?
WL1 Aw LUU AV /XA\ 1
18300
BLO
RIGHT 1
NO THEN USE IT ["SKIP"}
Llw | ALlAwLl WWlrf JLA 1 w CvX A J
18400
CLRA
FT ^F MOVF TO FAR T FPT
18500 RIGHT 1
STA
TPPPC TT
AMT) CTPPP TT
All LI a 1UAX XI
18600
RTS
ATT nnmi PVTT
A LIUWN i cJLXl
18700
18800 UPLINE
DEC
vnirto n
XLrOs , u
rlUvr. ltAl LUrlbUK Ur ONE. LINE.
18900
BPL
TTPT TM1
MPTjp npp np tot* rip UTMnnu* un cvtp
nuvr. urr Ur lvlr Ur mLNUUmi, IHU sMl
19000
IDA
irnVT PM TT
CFT TP RPTTPM PP (ITMnrtl?
oci iu uuiiun up wxituum
19100
DECA
19200
STA
VPPPC TT
19300 UPLIN1
RTS
19400
19500 TAB
LDB
TPPPC TT
PFT TPTT PTTRCPR PPCTTTPM
u r. i iavai v. u ivo uiv rudiiiun
19600
ANDB
#7
GET OFFSET FROM TAB STOP ^ EVERY 8^
ULl C w Aw A £ l\vL 1 A AV A? W A w A y Aw V LwAV A VJ J
19700
NEGB
GET NUMBER TO NEXT NEXT ONE
W AW A> L « W A A AJ ulti A W X ■ 1 i « i. X XT 1 I IW A. w 1 T Aw
19800
ADDB
#8
19900
LDA
#32
GET A SPACE " "
V. AW A 4 k & 11 W
20000 TAB1
PSHS
D
SAVE BOTH
Mil T AW U V A Al
20100
LBSR
pud 9 n
UrLK/U
PPTMT THAT CPAfP
20200
PULS
D
GET BOTH
20300
DECB
AT NEXT TAP STOP 7
20400
BNE
TAB1
NO, THEN LOOP
20500
RTS
September 1 986 THE RAINBOW 1 83
Listing 3:
00100 * CHARACTER SHAPE DATA
00200 * EACH ONE IS 8 BYTES LONG (A 8 BY 8 DOT SIZE)
00300 * THERE ARE 96 CHARACTERS
00400 * THE ASSEMBLER THAT I USE ALLOWS FOR MORE THEN ONE EXPRESSION PER LINE
00500 * IF YOff ARE USING THE RADIO SHACK ASSEMBLER YOU MAY HAVE TO
00600 * PUT EACH EXPRESSION ON IT'S FDB LINE
00700
00800 CHRDAT
FDB
0.0,0,0
i
00900
FD8
2056,2056,2048,2048
I
01000
FDB
2570,2560,0,0
»»
01100
FD8
2570,7946,7946,2560
#
01200
FDB
2078,10268,2620,2048
8
01300
FDB
12850,1032,4134,9728
%
01400
FDB
4136,10256,10788,6656
&
01500
FDB
2056,4096,0,0
i
01600
FDB
1032,4112,4104,1024
(
01700
FDB
2052,514,516,2048
)
01800
FDB
2090,7230,7210,2048
*
01900
FDB
8,2110,2056,0
+
02000
FDB
0,0,2056.4096
»
02100
FDB
0,62,0,0
-
02200
FDB
0.0,8,2048
»
02300
FDB
514.1032,4128,8192
/
02400
FDB
7202,9770,12834,7168
0
02500
FDB
2072,2056,2056,7168
1
02600
FDB
7202,524,4128,15872
2
02700
FDB
7202,524,546,7168
3
02800
FDB
1036,5182,1028,1024
4
02900
FDB
15904,8252,514,15360
5
03000
FDB
7202,8252,8738,7168
6
03100
FDB
15906,1028.2056,2048
7
03200
FDB
7202, 8732, 8738, 716B
8
03300
FDB
7202,8734,546,7168
9
03400
FDB
8,0,2048,0
i
•
03500
FDB
8,2048,2056,4096
•
9
03600
FDB
1032,4128,4104.1024
<
03700
FDB
0,15872,15872,0
03800
FDB
4104,1026,1032,4096
>
03900
FDB
7202,516,2048,2048
?
04000
FDB
7202,538,10794,7168
@
04100
FDB
7202,8766,8738,8704
A
04200
FDB
15394,8764,8738,15360
B
04300
FDB
7202,8224,8226,7168
G
04400
FDB
14372,8738,8740,14336
D
04500
FDB
15904,8252,8224.15872
E
TCTTHT +AN Saf^TWAXRB
COCO TESTEM Make multiple choice, matching,
true/false, completion, short answer tests.
Requires printer with underline ability. Works
with tape or disk. 32K ECB tape. $19.95
TEACHER PAK Both weighted & regular grading,
seating charts, alphabetizing, statistics.
Works with tape or disk. 16K ECB tape. $34.95
TEACHER PAK PLUS The above pair. $47.95
TIME MASTER Party tun. Calendars, biorhythms,
human compatibility, more. 16K ECB tape. $19.95
PERPETULIFE Challenging board game based on
Life. 1 or 2 players. 16K ECB/ML tape. $19.95
GRAPHIC ECHO Graphic screen dump for RS dot
matrix printers. Includes enlarged & negative
images, adjustable margin. Works with disk and
all 5 PM0DES. 16K/32K ML tape. $14.95
DISKMAN Backup, reorganize, alphabetize RS disk
directories. Examine & change sectors. Catalog
disk files. Printouts. 32K disk. $21.95
HOMEWARE Home management package. Use with
tape or disk. Five 16K ECB/ML modules on tape:
CALENDAR - Draw calendars, Various formats.
SAVINGS/LOANS - Personal finance calculations.
DIRECTORY - Keep track of phone numbers,
addresses, etc. Print address labels.
INVENTORY - For home records, hobbies, etc.
HOME-WRITER - Simple, easy ML word processing.
Single modules: $19.95 Whole set: $49.95
Send check or money Tothian Software, Inc.
order - no cash. Pa. Box 663
residents add 6%. Rimersburg, Pa. 16248
04600
FDB
15904,8252,8224,8192
F
04700
FDB
7202,8238,8738,7168
0
04800
FD8
mm mm MM, mm MW mmm W mW mm mmm mm mm. mm mm JK. M
8738,8766,8738,8704
H
04900
FDB
m mW j% a A _J% JK. mW m* ■_ jwl mm m mm mm mmm mm.
15880,2056 ,2056,15872
I
05000
FD8
mm mm M Jh mW m A* m* JB A Jm JU — £ A
3842,514,530,3072
J
05100
FD8
8740,10288,10276,8704
K
05200
FD8
8224,8224,8224,15360
L
05300
FD8
8758,10794,8738,8704
H
05400
FDB
8754,12842,9766,8704
N
05500
FDB
7202,8738,8738,7168
0
05600
FDB
15394,8764,8224,8192
P
05700
FD8
7202,8738,10788,6656
Q
05800
FDB
15394,8764,10276,8704
R
05900
FD8
7202,8220,546,7168
S
06000
FDB
15880,2056,2056,2048
T
06100
FD8
8738,8738,8738,7168
0
06200
FDB
8738,8738,5140,2048
V
06300
FDB
8738,8746,10806,8704
V
06400
FDB
8738,5128.5154,8704
X
06500
FDB
8738,5128,2056,2048
Y
06600
FDB
15874,1032,4128,15872
z
06700
FDB
14368,8224,8224,14336
C
06800
FDB
8224,4104,1026,512
BACK »/"
06900
FDB
3586,514,514,3584
]
A
07000
FDB
2076,15880,2056,2048
07100
FDB
8,6206,6152,0
LEFT ARROW
07200
FDB
0,0,0,0
BLANK (ADD YOUR OWN)
07300
FDB
0,3074,3602,3328
a
07400
FDB
8224,15394,8738,15360
b
07500
FDB
0,7202,8226,7168
e
07600
FDB
514,7714,8738,7680
d
07700
FDB
0,7202,15904,7168
a
07800
FDB
1034,2076,2056,2048
f
07900
FDB
0,7202,9754,540
g
08000
FDB
8224,11314,8738,8704
h
08100
FDB
2048,6152,2056,7168
1
08200
FDB
24,2056,2056,10256
J
08300
FDB
8224,9256,12328,9216
k
08400
FDB
6152,2056,2056,7168
1
08500
FDB
0,30281,18761,18688
m
08600
FDB
0,11314,8738,8704
n
08700
FDB
0,7202,8738,7168
o
08800
FDB
0,11314,12844,8224
P
08900
FDB
0,6694,9754,514
q
09000
FDB
0,11314,8224,8192
r
09100
FDB
0,7200,7170,7168
9
09200
FDB
2056,7176,2058,1024
t
09300
FDB
0,8738,8742,6656
11
09400
FDB
0,8738,8724,2048
V
09500
FDB
0,16705,18761,13824
V
09600
FDB
0,8724,2068,8704
X
09700
FDB
0.8738,7682,540
y
09800
FDB
0,15876,2064,15872
X
09900
FDB
1032,4104,4104,1024
(
10000
FDB
2056,2048.2056.2048
•
10100
FDB
2052.516,516,2048
)
10200
FDB
0,8272,2564,0
WAVE
10300
FDB
65535,65535,65535,65535
DELETE (ALL ON)
10400
One- Liner Contest Winner . > .
Enter your text and the computer tells you what
vowels you have used and how many times.
The listing:
10 CLEAR 40)3
2j3 LINEINPUT" TEXT : " ; A$ : FORC=lTO
LEN ( A$ ) +1 : X$=MID$ ( A$ , C , 1) : IFOLE
N (A$) +1THENPRINT" A E I O U"
: PRINTA ; E ; I ; O ;U: E LS E I FX $ = " A "THEN
A=A+1 : NEXTELSE IFX$= " E " THENE=E+1 *
NEXTELSEIFX$=" I"THENI=I+1 : NEXTEL
SEIFX$="0»THENO=b+I : NEXTELSEIFX$
="U"THENU=U+1 : NEXTELSENEXT
Frank Marino
Kissimmee, FL
(For this winning one-liner contest entry, the author has been sent copies
of both The Rainbow Book of Simulations and its companion The Rainbow
Simulations Tape.)
184 THE RAINBOW September 1986
Recommended Reading for Your CoCo from .
The Rainbow Bookshelf
SIMULATIONS
■
I
lid in--* fMif# n>r-n* roVFiiH*
The Complete Rainbow Guide To OS-9
The book that demystifies the state-of-the-art operating system
for the Tandy Color Computer, Authors Dale L. Puckett and Peter
Dibble show you how to take advantage of 0S-9's multi-tasking
and multi-user features, and the capability of redirecting input
and output commands at will. An easy-to-read, step-by-step guide
packed with hints and tips, tutorials and free software in the form
of program listings.
Book $19.95, Disk $31.00 {2 disks, book not included)
The Rainbow Book of Simulations
Features 20 award-winning entries from THE RAINBOW'S first
Simulation programming competition. You are the Commander-
in-Chief of the Confederate Army during the Civil War, an air
traffic controller at one of the nation's busiest airports, the owner
of your own software business, a civil defense coordinator -in
charge of saving Rainbow City from a raging flood, a scientist
conducting experiments on Mars . . . Your wits are on the line.
Book $9.95, Tape $9.95
The Rainbow Book of Adventures
A collector's item containing 14 winning programs from THE
rainbow's very first Adventure contest. Includes such favorites
as Sir Randolf of the Moors, Search for the Ruby Chalice, Deed
of the York, Horror House, One Room, The Door and Dr, Ay aloe.
Plus, hints and tips on solving Adventures.
Book $7.95, Tape $7.95
The Second Rainbow Book of Adventures
Our newest arrival features 24 of the most challenging Adventure
games ever compiled. Meet the Beatles and battle the Blue
Meanies, find a hidden fortune, or win the heart of a beautiful
and mysterious princess. Experience the thrills and chills of the
most rugged Adventurer without ever leaving your seat. Ring
Quest, Secret Agent Man, Dark Castle, Curse of Karos, Island
and morel
Book $13,95, Tape $13.95
Coming soon
The Rainbow Guide to Introductory Statistics
The Second Rainbow Book of Simulations
I want to start my own Rainbow Bookshelf!
Please send me:
□ The Rainbow Book of Simulations $ 9.95
□ Rainbow Simulations Tape $ 9.95
□ The Complete Rainbow Guide to OS-9
(book only) $19.95
□ Rainbow Guide to OS-9 Disk Package (2 disks) $31 .00
Name
□ The Rainbow Book of Adventures (first)
□ Rainbow Adventures Tape (first)
$ 7.95
$ 7.95
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□ Second Rainbow Adventures Tape $13.95
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Please note: The tapes and disks offered by The Rainbow Bookshelf are not stand-alone products. That is, they are intended to be an
adjunct and complement to the books. Even if you buy the tape or disk, you will still need the appropriate book.
OS-9® is a registered trademark of the Microware Systems Corporation;
To order by phone (credit card orders only) call 800-847-0309, 8 a.m. to 5 p.m. EST. For other inquiries call 502-228-4492.
DOWNLOADS
Telepatch to the Rescue
• / am using an old copy o/Telewriter-64,
disk version, for my word processing. When
I purchased a new disk controller for my
disk drive (Disk basic 1.1), I found that
Telewriter no longer goes to the disk I/O
menu, I get an FC Error. When I switched
my new controller for an old controller
(Disk BASIC LO), the Telewriter worked fine.
So the problem is definitely the controller.
Do you have any information on a fix for
this problem?
Jeffrey Mofenson
Mineola, NY
Jeffrey, Telewriter-64 is different for Disk
basic 1.0 and 1.1. Since the machine lan-
guage routines have been moved in the 1.1
ROM, a different version of Telewriter was
necessary. There's nothing wrong with your
controller.
There are two solutions to your problem.
The first is to find an updated version of
Telewriter, one for your 1.1 ROM. The
second solution is to buy Telepatch, an
enhancement program that adds several
Dan Downard is an electrical engineer
and has been involved in electronics for
27 years through Ham radio (K4KWT).
His interest in computers began about
eight years ago and he has built several
68 XX systems.
improvements to Telewriter-64. Telepatch
also allows you to use either 1.0 or 1.1 Disk
BASIC. Telewriter was one of the first and,
in my opinion, best programs written for the
CoCo.
What's OS-9 For, Anyway?
• I own a 64 K Co Co 2, single drive and a
DMP-105 printer. I purchased OS-9 about
four months ago hoping that it would allow
me to use and teach me to write assembly
language programs. So far I can find no use
whatsoever for my OS-9 system aside from
buying software for it or buying something
like BASIC09. If anyone knows of a good
book to teach a newcomer how to program
in assembly language, or if anyone has done
something with OS-9 either with or without
the assembler, let me know what it was you
did and how you did it. I can be reached at
2026 Lardner St., 19149. •
Michael Keefe
Philadelphia, PA
OS-9 is just an operating system, Michael,
not a language, per se. If you want to learn
assembly language programming, I suggest
obtaining Assembly Language Program-
ming for the TRS-80 Color Computer, by
William Barden, Jr. This book is sold in all
Radio Shack Computer Centers. It explains
By Dan Downard
Rainbow Technical Editor
assembly language programming, but has
nothing to do with OS-9.
After you understand the principles of this
book, I suggest moving up to OS-9. An
adequate portion of TTie Complete Rainbow
Guide to OS-9 by Dale Puckett and Peter
Dibble is devoted to OS-9. People used to
assembly language programming find OS-9
tedious at first, but learn to appreciate its
flexibility.
My last bit of advice comes from expe-
rience. Don't even bother with assembly
language programming unless you have a
good reason. That's what higher level lan-
guages such as BASIC were written for — to
eliminate the need for assembly language
programming.
Serial Conversion
• In the May 1986 "Downloads" you re-
vealed the secret to interfacing DB-25 RS-
232 printers to the Co Co. Is there a similar
method to wire into the Centronics Parallel
Port Printers?
1 know that commercial serial to parallel
interfaces are available, but I'd rather go
direct, if possible. Would it be simpler to
install a Centronics Port in the Co Co?
R. Stanwood
Lang ley, British Columbia
1 86 THE RAINBOW September 1 986
9
The DB-25 is the standard for RS-232, or
serial interfaces. The key to your question
is serial vs. parallel. Serial data communi-
cations sends data one bit at a time. Parallel
data is sent one byte, or eight bits, at a time.
A strobe pulse is used to sync the parallel
transmission. Therefore, you must first
convert the serial data to a parallel format
before sending it to a Centronics compatible
port.
Hazardous TVI Solution
• This is in reference to your reply to Mr,
Biggs' TV interference problem in the
February 1986 "Downloads/'
Mr. Biggs was told that one method of
eliminating or reducing his TVI problem
consisted of spraying a metallic coating on
the inside surface of his CoCo's case. This
is an excellent way of controlling a TVI
problem. It should be noted, however, that
there are possible hazards associated with a
metallic aerosol coating. If the coating is not
designed to adhere to the surface it is being
applied to, or is not applied per the written
instructions, the coating may peel off and
come in contact with uninsulated conduc-
tors. If the coating falls across low voltage
logic circuits there is a possibility of data
errors or IC chip damage. If the coating falls
across high voltage power circuits, an
increased shock or fire hazard is presented.
There are several possible alternatives to
using a metallic coating. You may try simply
moving the computer a foot or two in any
direction, or try plugging the computer into
a power receptacle of a different circuit. If
these methods fail, a metallic coating might
be a good solution, but please use caution!
Kurt Stefans
Roselle, IL
Kurt, first of all, I am not aware of any
high voltages present inside a CoCo. Any
type of modification to electronic devices
requires a certain amount of care in dealing
with conductive materials. Some of the
worst disasters I have seen inside CoCos
have been caused by improper soldering
techniques. I have never seen one catch on
fire, but who knows?
I agree that you should not modify any
electrical device without using proper care
and craftsmanship. At the same time, I don't
see too many unmodified CoCos around
anymore.
OS-9 Copy Malfunction
• / recently purchased the OS-9 system and
was quite frustrated to find I could only
make one copy of the master disk, and even
then only after many attempts. I assume the
original disk is all right since one copy was
made and there is nothing wrong with the
drive (the speed was checked) and all my
other disks work fine, including the one copy
of the OS-9 disk (except for the copy
routine). I've tried everything lean think of
and have come to the end of my rope. I wrote
to Tandy but they were only able to suggest
a speed check. I was wondering if you had
heard of this problem before. Any informa-
tion would be helpful. I have a Co Co (E'
board) with 64 K, a single disk drive with
DOS LI and an SG-10 printer.
Andrew Richardson
Orleans, Ontario
The original release of CoCo OS-9 had a
speed check program on the Boot disk,
Andrew. As you have checked the speed of
both drives, I assume this is not the problem.
Try backing up the backup copy. It is the
same as the original for OS-9 Version
01.00.00. Maybe you inadvertently wrote
something onto the master disk. There is no
reason you shouldn't be able to back up the
master.
Version 02.00.00 is a different situation. A
configuration disk is included in the package
to allow for different drivers. Even in this
case, once you have made a system disk, you
should be able to use the Backup command
to make a duplicate.
Ham-ware Discovered
• In answer to your request for commercial
software for Ham radio, I suggest Spec-Corn
for RTTY, Sloscan, CW and many other
software programs on disk and cassette. A
catalog of CoCo software may be obtained
by sending an SASE to: Spec-Corn, P.O.
Box H, Low den, I A 52255.
Bob Garber
El Paso, TX
I have received numerous letters request-
ing Ham software, Bob. I have not seen any
of the programs you mention, but thanks for
the help.
Secret Software
• Is there a way to hide programs on disk
so they are unable to be seen with D1R? How
would one undo this function? How many
ways are there to do this sort of thing?
Marc Mundt
Louisville, KY
Marc, the easiest way I know of to protect
programs from being loaded is to make one
of the characters a control code. It will not
appear in the directory, but loading the
program is a little tedious.
There are several other ways to load
programs using direct calls to the Disk
ROM. A commercial one is available to do
this. Look through the ads in this issue.
EDTASM+ Answer Correction
• In June 1986 you told Dean Pace he could
set Super-Patched EDTASM+ to the 32K
mode and disassemble Disk basic by chang-
ing memory location $FFDE. This won't
work. SPEDTASM is patched so that it
displays 64 K RAM, but flips back to ROM
for operations such as reading a key or
printing a character. If he uses ZBUG to
change $FFDE, SPEDTASM flips the
ROM- RAM switch at least twice before he
even sees the result displayed onscreen.
What Mr. Pace needs to do is assemble a
short program into memory and copy ROM
to upper RAM.
Because SPEDTASM operates from
ROM, Mr. Pace can single-step through the
RAM image, change it and experiment to
his heart's content.
This program ought to do the trick for
him:
START
LOOP
ORCC
tt$50
LDS
LEfiU
,s
STR
SFFDE
LDY
.--s
LDX
• ~s
LDD
,--s
STR
$FFDF
PSHU
Y,X,D
CMPU
BS8000
BHI
LOOP
RNDCC
tt$RF
sun
END
STRRT
Fred Sawtelle
Huntsville, TX
Thanks for the info, Fred. Your program
also gives all our readers a lesson in assembly
language programming.
Your technical questions are welcomed.
Please address them to: Downloads, the
rainbow, P.O. Box 385, Prospect, KY
40059. We reserve the right to publish only
questions of general interest and to edit for
space and clarity. Due to the large volume
of mail we receive, we are unable to answer
letters individually.
Your technical questions may also be sent
to us through the MAIL section of our new
Delphi CoCo SIG. From the CoCo SIG>
prompt, pick DELPHI MAIL, then type
SEND and address TO: DANDOWNARD.
Be sure to include your complete name and
address.
September 1 986 THE RAINBOW 1 87
ACCESSIBLE APPLICATIONS
Reviewing PenPal
Applications
By Richard A. White
Rainbow Contributing Editor
Last month we began a discussion
of the PenPal integrated soft-
ware package from Four Star
Software in Canada. This month we will
discuss additional modules, starting
with Calc.
Calc alone is a good, if not great,
spreadsheet. It lacks an IF . . . THEN
. . . ELSE statement and lookup ta-
bles, so you won't want to try to write
an iricome tax spreadsheet with it. But
it has a few neat features that make up
for these omissions. If you want to plot
data directly from spreadsheet files, the
Graphit module is excellent. To make
graphs, bar charts or pie charts, the
Calc/ Graphit combination may be the
best available for the CoCo today.
As with all PenPal applications, Calc
is function-key driven with a function-
key strip displayed on the bottom two
lines of the 51 character by 24 line
screen. There are enough functions to
require a primary and a secondary key
Richard White lives in Fairfield, Ohio,
and has a long background with micro-
computers and specializes in BASIC
programming. With Don Dollberg, he
is the co-author of the TIMS database
management program.
strip. These are toggled by pressing
CLEAR and '0'.
Spreadsheet size is 255 columns by
255 rows. Of course, you cannot use all
of the cells at one time due to memory
limitations. Still, you can use quite a
few, since Calc is conservative in its use
of memory. It seems to be quite compet-
itive with DynaCalc in this regard. You
start with 26,458 bytes of buffer space,
so very sizable spreadsheets are possi-
ble.
Calc saves memory in other ways.
Numbers are saved with nine place
accuracy using only five bytes per entry.
This is sufficient accuracy for most
applications. If you need more, Dyna-
Calc works to 16 digit accuracy, but
needs a few more bytes to store each
number.
When a cell is used, some memory is
allocated for the cells in the block
between cell Al and the newly used cell.
This is true of most spreadsheets. If you
delete some of the columns or rows in
that block, you don't immediately get
back all the memory involved. How-
ever, if you save and then reload the
sheet, cell pointers are reset for best
memory economy.
Initially, label entry appears to be the
same as many other spreadsheets. You
can enter a long label, but only those
characters that fit the column width are
displayed. If you move the cursor to the
cell, more of the text is displayed in the
cell descriptor line (line two) at the top
of the screen. During label entry, you
can use the '@' key to backspace over
the label to make corrections. Once the
label is entered, there is no way to edit
it. The same is true for numbers and
formulas. This is Calc's greatest weak-
ness, which is partially compensated for
by the ability to define a text block.
A text block is new to me. An area
of the screen is selected (it could be the
whole screen, but not exceed screen
boundaries) and defined as a text block
using a function key. The cursor appears
in the upper left-hand corner of the
block. You now have a small text editor
with which you can enter text in the
block. Use the arrow keys to move over
the text to do editing. Word wrap is not
supported; you must do this manually.
Exit a text block with the BREAK key.
Once defined, the text block remains
available. When you place the cursor
within the block and press the function
key, you go back into the text editing
mode. When not in the editing mode,
labels, numbers and formulas can be
put into text block cells in the normal
manner. Those cells are removed from
the block and work as normal spread-
188 THE RAINBOW September 1986
sheet cells. This breaks the text block
into pieces above and below, or right
and left of the normal cells.
If you set up a text block, write text
into it and then change the widths of
columns passing through the block, the
text display is broken up. Not to worry.
Simply put the cursor inside the block
and use the text function key, and the
text is reformatted. If the size of the
block is reduced so there is more text
than space, the text is truncated.
Further, without word wrap, words are
broken at the right margin and you have
to do some editing by hand. But it's
better than typing it in from the begin-
ning. Blocks can be defined for other
purposes, including deleting, copying,
printing and saving a portion of a
spreadsheet either as a spreadsheet file
or ASCII file.
The block copy function works much
like copy in Lotus 1-2-3 except you
select the block first and then press the
function key to define the block to be
copied. Move the cursor to the upper
left-hand cell you want to copy to and
press the copy function key again. This
leads us to absolute or relative address-
ing. Here is a simple example. This
formula is in screen location Fl: Dl +
El + #E5. When I copy it to screen
location F2 it becomes D2 + E2 + #E5.
Cell references Dl and El are treated
like they refer to the second cell to the
left and the first cell to the left, and are
adjusted to maintain this same relation
when the formula is copied to F2. E5 is
preceded by a which tells Calc not to
adjust this cell reference. It is called an
absolute address, which always is to
reference the same cell irrespective of
where the formula is copied.
Calc contains a typical selection of
trigonometric and other functions and
operands. Like DynaCalc, formulas are
evaluated from left to right with no
hierarchy of operands except the por-
tions in parentheses which are evaluated
innermost first. As I have cautioned
before, this can lead to incorrect results
if you do not assure that a multiplica-
tion or division is performed before the
result is added or subtracted. Without
hierarchy of operators this can happen
unless you use parentheses to force the
order of calculation.
Calc has a very limited number of
built-in formulas, including AVG (aver-
age), MAX (maximum value in defined
range), MIN (minimum value) and
SUM (summation of all cells in the
range). For each of these the range can
be a block of cells. Whenever a spread-
sheet offers built-in formulas like these,
we need to know how each formula
deals with empty cells and cells includ-
ing text or labels. These functions
assume that empty and label or text cells
contain zeros. AVG(AI-AIO) assumes
that all 10 cells in the range contain
numbers even if one or more don't. In
such a case an incorrect average would
be returned. MIN(AI-AIO) gets con-
fused in the same way and returns a zero
if there is an empty or label-containing
cell. MAX and SUM are not affected
and always return a correct result.
Perhaps even more basic is the fact
that Calc performs a calculation even
when there are empty or label cells in
the range. Some spreadsheets return an
error, forcing the user to put zeros in
empty cells and get rid of labels within
the range. This means more work and
untidy results.
Those whose first spreadsheet was
Spectaculator will remember CMT and
RMT for cumulative sum of a column
or row. That was all we had four years
ago, but why include these formulas
when the more able and understandable
SUM is included? If you use Calc, forget
CMT and RMT.
Finally, a cell can be set up to receive
a constant at the time of calculation.
With this, you could set up a form and
prompt the user to make entries one by
one, assuring all required numbers are
entered. You could type in letters or a
word, but this shows up as a zero. It
would be nice if words could be entered
and placed in cells in a prompted mode.
Then all sorts of forms could be put
together in a spreadsheet, and be filled
out following prompts on the entry line.
Please, Four Star, add this to the Ver-
sion 3 wish list.
To set up a cell for prompted entry,
put the cursor on the cell, press the
formula function key and then type ?
and the text to be in the prompt. All
formulas are entered by positioning the
cursor and using the formula function
key to get into formula entry mode.
I mentioned you can save a portion
of a spreadsheet to a file. You can also
merge that save or any spreadsheet into
another. The merge starts at the current
cursor location when merge is called
and proceeds right and down. One
obvious use is to move data from one
spreadsheet to another. Another is to
combine a number of smaller spread-
sheets into one big one.
There are a couple of unusual de-
faults. If you try to print or make an
ASCII save without previously select-
ing a range to save or print, the screen
is selected as the default range. All in all,
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SPEECH SYSTEMS SPECIALS
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Remote Terminal Program
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✓ No Lost or Garbled Data
✓ Error Trapping ✓ Software Clock
✓ Disable Break Key ✓ lnkey$ Support
New Terminal Program ygTT^x.
✓ Conversation Mode ftw^^V\
✓ All Ext. & Disk Commands RAINBOW
✓ 20 Commands Added
✓ Perfect for BBS
✓ 4 Versions inch Ext., 1.0,1.1 & JDOS
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Extended Hours +Call before coming.
6130 YORK BOULEVARD
POST OFFICE BOX 42718
LOS ANGELES, CA. 90042
MAKE CHECKS PAYABLE T* E.D.t .
September 1986 THE RAINBOW 189
Metric Industries
Model 101 Interface $39.95
The Model 101 is a serial to
parallel interface intended for use
with a COCO and any Centronics
compatible parallel input printer.
The 101 has 6 switch selectable
baud rates (300-9600). The 101
is only 4" x2* x 1 " and comes
with all cables and connectors for
your computer and printer.
The Model 104 Deluxe Interface $51.95
The Model 104 is a serial to
parallel interface like the Model
101 but it has the added feature
of a serial port (sometimes
referred to as a modem switch).
This feature allows the connection
of a parallel printer and any
serial device (modem, serial printer
etc.) to your computer. You may
then select either output, serial or
parallel, with the flip of a switch.
The 104 is only 4.5" x2.5" x 1.25"
and comes with all cables and
connectors for your computer. You
supply the serial cable for your
modem or other serial device.
Model 102 Switcher $35.95
The Model 102 has 3 switch
positions that allow you to
switch your computer's serial
output between 3 different
devices (modem, printers or
another computer). The 102 has
color coded lights that indicate
the switch position. These
lights also act as power
indicators to let you know your
computer is on. Supplied with
the 102 are color coded labels
that can be applied to your
accessories. The 102 has a heavy
guage anodized aluminum cabinet
with non-slip rubber feet.
Cassette Label Package $15.95
Organize Your Tapes, Label Your
Data Tapes, Color Code Your
Tapes, Label Your Audio Tapes
Save $8.40 when you purchase the
Cassette Label program and label
package. You get the Cassette
Label program, 100 WHITE labels,
100 RED labels, 100 BLUE labels,
100 YELLOW labels, and 100 TAN
labels. A value worth $24.35, but
you pay only $15,95. When
ordering, specify the Cassette Label
PACKAGE. Order soon, this offer
expires 9/30/86
Cassette Label Program $6.95
New Version 1.2-Tape transfera-
ble to disk. Now save and
load Labels from tape or disk.
This fancy printing utility prints
5 lines of information on
pinfeed cassette labels. "Cas-
sette Label" is menu driven and
is very easy to use. It uses the
special features of your
printer for standard, expanded
or condensed characters. Each
line of text is automatically
centered. Before the label
Is printed, it fs shown on your
CRT — enabling you to
make changes if you like —
then print 1, 2 or 100 labels. The
program comes on tape and it
is supplied with 24 labels to
get you started. 16K ECB
required.
• "*
MMfc'l ft LAMB- fKIHTlMO UtlLllY
o mmimi mum cncwn. <wi
• • • • • *
Other Quality Items
High Quality 5 Screw Shell O10
Cassette Tapes $7.50 per dozen
Hard Plastic Storage Boxes for
Cassette Tapes $2.50 per dozen
Pin Feed Cassette Labels
White $3.00 per 100
Colors $3.60 per 100 (Red, Blue,
Yellow or Tan)
f ■»
ti.,,1, m g— ■
THE 101, AND 104
REQUIRE POWER IN ORDER TO
OPERATE. MOST PRINTERS
CAN SUPPLY POWER TO YOUR
INTERFACE. STAR, RADIO
SHACK, AND OK I DATA ARE JUST
A FEW THAT DO. EPSON DOES
NOT. THE INTERFACES CAN
ALSO BE POWERED BY AN AC
ADAPTER (RADIO SHACK MODEL
273-1431 PLUGS INTO ALL
MODELS). IF YOU REQUIRE A
POWER SUPPLY, ADD A "P" TO
THE MODEL NUMBER AND $5.00
TO THE PRICE. (MODEL 101 P
$44.95, MODEL 104P $56.95)
The Model 101, 102 and 104
will work with any COCO, any
level basic and any memory size.
These products are covered by
a 1 year warranty.
The Model 101 and 104 work
with any standard parallel input
printer including Gemini, Epson,
Radio Shack, Okidata, C. loth and
many others, They support
BASIC print commands, word
processors and graphic com-
mands.
We manufacture these products.
Dealer inquiries are invited.
To order call our 24 hour order
line 513-677-0796 and use
your VISA MASTERCARD,
request GO.D.or send check or
money order to:
Metric Industries
P.O. Box 42396
Cincinnati, OH 45242
Free shipping on orders over
$50.00. Ohio residents add 5.5%
sales tax.
Orders under $50.00 please add
$2.50 for shipping.
Calc is a nice piece of work and adds
major value to the PenPal package.
We come now to Graphit that works
with a Calc file to produce plots of data
selected from the file. Similar capabil-
ities are included in the Disk BASIC
Version of DynaCalc, but not in the OS-
9 version. Graphit makes line, dot or
bar graphs in either horizontal or ver-
tical directions. It also makes pie charts,
and the segments can be filled with
textures selected from nearly 100 avail-
able choices.
Graphit has powerful graph-labeling
capabilities, including a selection of
font sizes ranging from 32 to 64 col-
umns. You also have control of the
display style. For example, you might
want to use light letters over a dark
texture or surround dark letters with a
light box over a dark background.
Graphs may be saved to a / GP file to
be later loaded back into Graphit, or as
a binary file that can be loaded into
some other graphics program, or to a
BASIC program for display or modifica-
tion using Basic's graphics commands.
Finally, you can print graphs either
single or double size. A number of the
most popular printer protocols are
supported. The pie chart prints oval on
my LP VIII in double size, but is close
to round in normal size. It also appears
oval on the screen.
Graphit works from function-key
strips displayed only when the CLEAR
key is pressed. It's easy to do the basics
and to redraw the graph in different
ways to choose the one with most clarity
or impact. Lettering the graph is easy,
as is choosing and using textures for the
pie chart.
Graphit has only an 8,500-byte buffer
for the spreadsheet file it is to plot. Calc
can deal with spreadsheets three times
that size. When working with a larger
spreadsheet you need to save the parts
of the sheet with the data to be plotted
to separate small files. Now we can
better appreciate Calc's ability to make
such small files.
Telecom is a full-featured telecom-
munication program that uses the RS-
232 port on the CoCo. For me, this is
unfortunate since my port is not work-
ing. It is also confusing, since the printer
that works off the same plug works fine
from the CoCo. Who said computers
were rational? At least my diagnostics
ROM agrees the port is bad.
I have the Radio Shack RS-232
ROM Pak, which both Mikeyterm and
DeskMate use, so I have all the telecom-
munications capability I need. Still I
190
THE RAINBOW September 1986
would like to have used Telecom rather
than just reporting on the documenta-
tion.
Things can get foggy in a hurry in
telecommunications. This is partly due
to the variety of settings and options
available. Delphi, CompuServe and
most microcomputer-based bulletin
boards are fairly standard and work at
the default settings supplied with Tele-
com, DeskMate and other packages.
Telecom has all the tools needed to deal
with nonstandard beasts if you need to
use them.
You do not need a modem to use
Telecom. You can connect directly with
another computer in the same room or
nearby. You will need a special three-
wire cable called a null modem. One is
easily made from components stocked
by all Radio Shack Stores. You will
need the right plug to go into the RS-
232 plug on each computer. The CoCo
uses an oddball four-pin DIN plug. The
best way to get one is to buy a CoCo
printer/ modem cable, 26-3020 for
$4.95. If connecting two CoCos, swap
the wires to pins 2 and 4 on one plug.
Plug the cable into the two machines,
load the terminal programs and go.
If you are connecting to a different
computer, it will most likely need a
standard, 25-pin RS-232 male plug. I
would still start with the CoCo cable
and replace one four-pin DIN with the
RS-232 plug. Pins 1, 2, 3 and 4 on the
CoCo plug go to pins 8, 2, 7 and 3 on
the RS-232.
If you plan to work over the tele-
phone, you need a modem and a modem
cable. The modem cable mentioned
works only with Radio Shack modems.
Other modems usually require a male
RS-232 plug on the cable. You can make
a cable just like the null modem cable
above, except the wires to pins 2 and 3
on the RS-232 plug are swapped.
Starting at the top we come to Baud
rate. Some years ago, 300 Baud was
fairly standard. All communications
services support this rate. If you are
connecting directly to another compu-
ter, you can use the highest rate com-
monly supported by the two computers.
Telecom will run at 2400 Baud provided
the screen display is turned off. Other-
wise, 600 Baud is recommended to
avoid losing data. Of course, I want to
work the bulletin board at 1200 Baud
and I could not do that very well with
my screen display off. Maybe Til find a
way if I get my serial port fixed.
Telecom defaults to 300 Baud. All the
other defaults look good except duplex.
The default is not to echo typed char-
acters to the screen. Most bulletin
boards send back each character as they
receive it and Telecom dutifully displays
that character so you know what you
typed. This is called full duplex. If you
hook up to another computer using a
package like Telecom, it most likely will
not echo characters as it receives them.
This also goes for time-sharing services
running on IBM mainframes. So now
you must turn half duplex on in Tele-
com to see what you are typing.
Telecom supports a powerful autolog
file capability. You are able to change
any communications parameters from
an autolog file. Say you had been
having a session on a local bulletin
board and want to call up your com-
pany's office mail system running on an
IBM mainframe.
First, you empty the buffer and enter
the IBM autolog file. Execute this file
by pressing the function key. The first
thing it might do is change from full to
half duplex. Next, if you have an auto-
dial modem, it could send the modem
instruction to dial including the number
to dial. Once connection is made, the
office machine manages the user's logon
by asking for certain responses. The
autolog file can contain instructions to
look for prompts and to send specified
character strings at each prompt which
completely automates the logon. This
can be particularly useful on a bulletin
board with nested menus. You could be
automatically logged on and have the
mail reading started.
When I upload or download, I nearly
always use the CPM or Xmodem pro-
tocol. Those are two names for the same
thing. Basically, 128-byte buffers and a
check digit are sent at one time. The
receiving software recalculates the
check digit and compares it to the one
it received. If they check, successful
transmission is acknowledged and the
next buffer is sent. A mismatch means
there was a transmission error and the
sending computer is caused to resend
the buffer. Telecom supports the Xmo-
dem protocol.
In summary, PenPaVs Calc is a step
or two below DynaCalc in functions, is
comparable in memory efficiency and
has a superior graphing capability in
Graphit. In some ways, Telecom is a bit
better than the public domain Mikey-
term and does everything most other
terminal packages do. Couple this with
the competent word processor dis-
cussed last month and the file module
yet to be discussed, and at $89.95, you
have one of the best software values on
any computer today. ^
Educational Programs
7 Questions 7 ?
Questions — a powerful, easy to use,
authoring program! Questions has as
many uses as its owners have creativity.
Teachers have used Questions to develop
pre and post tests, to make copies of the
same test with questions in a different
order, and to review and reinforce difficult
lessons with their students. But Questions
is not limited to school uses. Enterprising
people have found other uses for it. Party-
givers have used it to personalize games
tor baby and wedding showers, and for
creatinq their own trivia games. Adminis-
trators have used it for inservice training.
Children have written their own riddles
with it. If you own Questions, you'll find a
way to use it. You will also be pleased with
its many fine features:
* Word processing commands that al-
low you to make changes as you type
* Screen commands so you do not have
to constantly refer to the manual
* Options to take the quiz on the com-
puter or to print a hard copy of it
* Sequential or random presentation of
questions
* The ability to print the same test with
questions in a different order
* The printing of an answer key
* The option to use expanded printer
lettering to create large print tests.
* The ability to save quizzes to cassette
or disk
* A review feature which permits stu-
dents to study questions that have
oeen missed
* A record keeping system
* Multiple choice, true/false, or fill
in the blank formats.
Questions is truly a professional authoring
program that meets the needs of all of its
users.
16K ECB - Cass. $19.95
32K ECB - Cass. $24.95
32K Disk - $26.95
*****************************
Reading Comprehension Series
Grades 2 - 4
B5's Reading Comprehension Series is a
set of data fifes to be used with the Ques-
tions program described above. Each file
contains over 100 questions, organized
into 6 to 8 sequential lessons. Lessons
build from simple to complex. This series
emphasizes the thinking aspect of reading .
Simple sentence structure allows the stu-
dent to concentrate on thinking skills.
Main Idea ★
Fact & Opinion ★
Sequencing
Cause & Effect
Each Title: Cassette - $10.95
Disk $12.95
Complete Series of 4 Titles:
Cass, - $39.95; Disk - $41.95
Most B5 programs are available
OT through Radio Shack® Express
Order.
A trademark of Tandy Corp;
B-5 Software Co.
1024 Bainbridge Place
Columbus, Ohio 43228
Phone (614) 276-2752
September 1 986 THE RAINBOW 1 91
f BATTLE HYMN
THE BATTLE OF GETTYSBURG
BATTLE HYMN The Battle of Gettysburg. Command Lee's army of 39 Divisions,
including Stuart's cavalry brigades, and infantry division under the command of
such famous names as Johnson, Heth, McLaws, Hood, Early and Pickett. Try to
do what the real Confederates couldn't: destroy Mead's army at Gettysburg, hew
movement and turn structure; form lines, rally, limber and unlimber cannon, back-
step, and do your best to outflank the Union line at Culp's Hill, Devil's Den or Big
Round top. Historical, with an Ark Royal touch. Available also on the IBM PC (Tandy
1000). Graphics are hi res; game is machine language throughout. $29.00
AfrYENTURE l$LAN>
ADVENTURE ISLAND (32K) Coco, disk only. Your plane has crashed on a deserted
island and you must use all of your wits to stay alive. Beautiful half-screen picture
graphics take you through jungle and beach in this fun-filled machine language
adventure. Comes on two disks. $23 00
Disk only! SAGA-THE SORCERER'S
CURSE 32K 100% hi-res, 100% ML
graphic adventure. Fantastic! — $22
Disk only! REDSTAR 32K 100% hi-res
1 00% ML. Futuristic wargame involv-
ing NATO and the WARSAW
PACT.— $22
BARBAROSSA 64K 100% hi-res
100% ML game of the war in Russia
1941-1944. "A Blockbuster," says
Hot Coco's Peter Paplaskas. Reviewed
Jan. '86 Hot Coco.— $25 (Tandy 1000)
D-DAY Our second 64K 100% hi-res
1 00% ML, this one dealing with the Al-
lies invasion of France in 1944. Mas-
sive! No review date set yet.— $23
PHALANX 32K 100% hi-res, 100%
ML game of Alexander the Great. No
review date set yet. — $20
ANZIO 32K Semigraphic wargame. 1
or 2 players. Simultaneous movement.
No review date set yet.— $20
COMPANY COMMANDER 32K ML
routines. Tactical squad level wargame
set in WWII. 1 2 scenarios, add-on ex-
pansion modules. Dec. '85 Rain-
bow.— $23 disk or tape
RIVER CROSSING 32K ML routines.
A Company Commander add-on mod-
ule, but you no longer need C/C to play
it.— $23
CINCPAC BATTLE OF MIDWAY 32K
100% hi-res 75% ML. The battle that
turned the tide of war. Aug. '85
Rainbow.— $20
ESCAPE FROM DENNA 32K ML rou-
tines. Semigraphic Dungeon adventure
game. No review date set yet— $18
BATTLE OF THE BULGE 32K Semi-
graphic wargame. 1 or 2 players. Aug.
'85 Rainbow.— $15
BATTLE FOR TUNIS 32K Semigraph-
ic wargame. 1 or 2 players. Sept. '85
Rainbow.— $ 15
ACROSS THE RUBICON 32K Semi-
graphic wargame. Feb. '84
Rainbow.— $ 1 5
WATERLOO 32K ML routines. Semi-
graphic wargame. Mar. '84
Rainbow.— $ 15
KAMIKAZE 32K Hi res graphic war-
game. Apr. '83 Rainbow. — $15
BOMBER COMMAND 32K disk, 1 6K
tape. Semigraphic wargame. ML rou-
tines. Jan. '84 Rainbow.— $10
GUADALCANAL 32K Semigraphic
wargame. ML routines. — $10
Prices on all programs Include shipping to U.S., APO's. Canada. COD'S (USA only)
add 10%. Florida Residents add 5%. For disk version add $2. All Orders shipped
within 24 hours. Programs require Color Computer TM (Tandy Corp.) or TDP Sys-
tem 100 Computer TM (RCA). Many programs soon to be available on MS-DOS
systems.
P. O. Box 14806
Jacksonville, FL 32238
(904) 786-8603
16K
ECB
BARDEN'S BUFFER
the
35 3
The Adventure of the
Too Many Printers
By William Harden, Jn
Rainbow Contributing Editor
dear fellow," said
Sherlock Holmes,
as we sat on either
side of the fire in his lodgings on Baker
Street. "I really wish you would con-
sider buying a Color Computer 2 in
place of that older model. I know that
you are exceedingly unhappy with your
present machine."
I turned to look in amazement at the
tall spare figure seated in the armchair
next to the Tandy 3000. A glimmer of
of interest was present in his eyes.
"How could you possibly know that,
Holmes?"
"Elementary, my dear Watson. I
know from observing you at the com-
puter that you are a two-fingered typist,
using the index fingers of both hands.
The tips of those fingers and those
fingers alone have calluses, which
you've been peering at intently all
evening with some dismay, I might add.
I also observe that you've replenished
your supply of diskettes with those in
Bill Barden has written 27 books and
over 100 magazine articles on various
computer topics. His 20 years expe-
rience in the industry covers a wide
background: programming, systems
analyzing and managing projects rang-
ing from mainframes to microcompu-
ters.
Radio Shack envelopes, indicating a
visit to the local Radio Shack Computer
Center, as our seventeen local stores
never carry more than three each, or
three of any product, for that matter.
The Radio Shack computer catalog is
also lying open to the page displaying
Color Computer products. All of these
minutiae point to the fact that you're
seriously considering the new model.
Furthermore, I saw the sales slip."
I could not help laughing at the ease
with which he explained his process of
deduction. "It is, indeed, obvious,
Holmes."
"Quiet, Watson," my friend suddenly
whispered. "Unless I miss my guess that
will be our friend I observed a moment
ago coming up the stairs. We are about
to be visited by a stout fellow approx-
imately six feet tall, weighing 280
pounds and wearing a T-shirt upon
which is emblazoned 'I Love My
CoCo.'"
A knock sounded on the door.
"Come in," Holmes replied.
The door opened and a stout fellow
approximately six feet tall and about
280 pounds entered. He was wearing a
T-shirt upon which was printed "I Love
My Tandy 1000."
"Is this PCM Magazine?" he queried.
"I'm sorry, you have the wrong
story," Holmes replied, with some
brusqueness.
The caller made a quick egress.
Another knock sounded at the door.
Holmes shouted out, "Come in!" The
door opened and a stout fellow approx-
imately six feet tall and about 280
pounds entered. He was wearing a T-
shirt upon which was emblazoned "I
Love My Color Computer 2."
"Close enough," Holmes muttered.
"Are you Sherlock Holmes, the
famous detective?" the caller asked
anxiously, his eyes downcast as if he
were in deep despair.
"Yes, Mr. Purcell-Smith," Holmes
replied.
"But how did you know my name,
Mr. Holmes?"
"I'm afraid, Mr. Purcell-Smith, that
you've achieved some notoriety since
your recent marriage to Joan Purcell,
the chief programmer of Slothware.
How may I help you?"
I winced as I heard Holmes use that
pat phrase gleaned from too many visits
to his local Radio Shack.
"Mr. Holmes, you must help me!"
Purcell-Smith blurted. "One of our
programmers has been found dead and
my wife has been arrested by Lestrade
of the Fort Worth Yard!"
"Calm down, man!" said Holmes,
sternly. "Tell us your story from the
beginning."
"Well, Mr. Holmes, my wife has been
working for some time now on a new
September 1 986 THE RAINBOW 1 93
Byte N Byte N+1
/ 01 234567 0123456 7
r
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
Row 0
Row 191
Two bits=One pixel
00»Color 1
01=Co!or2
lO=Co!or3
11*Color4
32 Bytes/Row
192 x 32 Byte9-6144 Bytes/Screen
Byte @ 9727
Figure 1: 128 x 192 Four-color
Graphics Mode
project for Slothware. It's a screen
dump program for the Color Computer.
Never having written such a program
before, she ran into several major
obstacles.
"First of all, she had to figure out how
points on the screen were held in mem-
ory and where that memory was lo-
cated."
"That doesn't appear to be a great
problem," said Holmes. "As I recall, the
Color Computer holds its graphics
screens starting at location 1536 dec-
imal for nondisk systems and starting at
location 3584 decimal for disk systems.
Each screen is 6,144 bytes long for
graphics modes 3 and 4. For graphics
mode 3, 128 by 192, there are 24,576
elements of two bits each. For graphics
mode 4, there are 49,152 elements of
one bit each."
As Holmes spoke, he rapidly
sketched two drawings, one represent-
ing the 128 by 192 two-color graphics
mode 3 and the second representing the
256 by 192 two-color graphics mode 4
(see figures 1 and 2).
"I wrote a monograph on the subject
after my episode involving the Giant
Computer of Sumatra. But please con-
tinue, Mr. Purcell-Smith."
"The next problem my wife ran into
was computer graphics. It seems that
most Radio Shack printers use the same
scheme for graphics, one involving
seven bits per character position." Our
visitor paused and shot a baffled glance
at Holmes.
"Ah, yes. The singular seven-bit
problem. An interesting exercise. It
appears that early in the printer game
someone at Radio Shack decided to
design a graphics printer. Most printers
at the time used a five by seven dot
matrix for each character. Each ASCII,
or text, character was converted by the
printer electronics into a series of five
vertical columns, each column consist-
ing of seven possible dots." He sketched
another rapid illustration on the bottom
of a Persian slipper (see Figure 3).
"What could have been more natural
than implementing graphics in the
existing printers than to make each one
of those seven print wires or print
positions programmable in graphics
mode. All that was required was a
command to 'set graphics mode' in the
printer. After graphics mode was set,
the printer decoded each character that
came to it as a coded form of which of
those seven wires to print. The only
requirement for each graphics character
was it could not be in the normal range
of ASCII characters from zero through
127. It must be in the range of 128
through 255."
"Yes, Mr. Holmes, I understood that
part of it, but could not see how the
encoding took place."
"Imagine that the topmost dot of
each column was represented by a one,
the next by a two, the next by a four,
the next by an eight, the next by a 16,
the next by a 32, and the last by a 64.
Once graphics mode is set, you simply
have to add the dot values for the
column plus 128 to mark graphics
mode. Let me illustrate."
Holmes took out a pistol and aimed
it at a spot on the wall next to the letters
"M. T." created by bullet holes. (Victo-
ria Regina had yielded to Maggie
Thatcher years ago.)
"Suppose you wanted to print the
upper three dots and the bottommost
dot in a graphics column." He fired the
gun four times to denote the column.
"The code for the graphics column
would be one plus two plus four plus 64
for the bottommost column plus 128 to
mark the character as graphics. That
would be a total of 191."
"But how would that 191 value be
sent to the printer, Mr. Holmes? You
can send text by doing a PRINTtt-2 of
a string, but how can a nonprintable
character be sent?"
"By using the CHR$( ) function, Mr.
r
Row 0
Byte @ 3584 (Disk basic)
Row 191
Col.
0
ByteN Byte N+1
0 1 234567012 3 4 5 6 7
1
1
Col
255
1
1
1
1
1
T
1
One bit=One pixel
0=Color 1
1 =Color 2
32 Bytes/Row
152 x 32 Bytes=6l44 Bytea/Screen
Byte @ 9727
Figure 2: 256 x 192 Two-color
Graphics Mode
194 THE RAINBOW September 1986
Purcell-Smith. As a matter of fact,
many printer codes are sent to the
printer from BASIC by using the
CHR$( ) function. To set graphics
mode, for example, you'd do a PR I NT 8 -
2,CHR$(27);CHR$(XX). To print the
graphics column we've been discussing,
you'd do a PRINTtt-2,CHR$(191) ;.
Use a semicolon at the end if you don't
wish to end the line."
"But," said he, "pray let us continue
our conversation on the way to the
location of the demise of that poor
programmer chap."
Seven pins between rows
on print
head
Figure 3: Dot Representation
of Characters and Graphics
There was a cab passing as the three
of us came out of the building, and
Holmes hailed it. "Beckenham, if you
please."
Our driver pulled up at a greystone
that housed a high-tech industry. He
knocked on the door, and a tall, dour-
looking man appeared.
"Ah, Lestrade," Holmes said. I see
you have apprehended the killer and are
putting the finishing touches to this
little mystery."
"Yes, Mr. Holmes. It was a simple
crime, really. Ms. Purcell was jealous of
her chief programmer and afraid that
even with affirmative action he would
soon replace her at Slothware. She
laced his coffee with arsenic as he was
putting the final frills on a screen dump
program."
"In that case, Lestrade, you won't
mind if we have a look around, will
you?"
"Of course not, Mr. Holmes, al-
though I'm certain you won't be finding
anything that I haven't seen already."
Holmes walked over to the program-
ming area and picked up a listing next
to a Color Computer. "Hmm. This
appears to be a listing of the screen
dump program in question, gentlemen.
Let me peruse this briefly."
After intently peering at the docu-
ment, the detective picked up a second
listing. He then glanced around the
room at several printers connected to
the Color Computer. Taking out a
pocket measuring tape, he made precise
measurements of figures produced by
the several printers.
"Watson, I think our task here is
done. Lestrade, I think if you look in
that programmer's desk drawer you'll
find a vial of arsenic with his finger-
prints on it, prompting you, I should
think, to release Ms. Purcell from your
custody. Let us be off, gentlemen."
Later that evening the three of us sat
in front of a blazing fire in Holmes'
Baker Street apartment.
"Mr. Holmes, I cannot thank you
enough! My wife has been released and
Lestrade has ruled the death a suicide."
"My blushes, Mr. Purcell-Smith. It
was just a trifle."
"But, how did you know the death
was a suicide?"
"I looked in some detail at the listing.
It appears that the dead programmer
had been trying for some time to design
a screen dump program for the Color
Computer. It was apparent he was
having problems, however. The revision
number of the BASIC program was
number 45, indicating that he had
attempted 44 times to write a program
that successfully dumped the screen."
"But surely he must have known
about the CHR$ command, memory
layout of the graphics screen and coding
of graphics characters?"
"Yes, he was familiar with those
functions for the screen dump program.
However, he encountered a host of
other obstacles. First, he found a prob-
lem in translating one pixel on the
screen into one printable spot. Consider
one approach he might have used. If he
made one pixel equal to one printable
character, then he would have had a
screen dump of 25.6 inches in width by
32 inches high for the 256 by 192 mode,
as the usual number of characters per
width horizontally is 10 characters per
inch and the number of vertical lines per
inch is six. He was forced to use graph-
ics mode to get a small enough listing.
"However, he knew he could not
Test
Mode
Method 32 '
Graphics
Mode
One Pixet=
One Dot
3:3"
Graphics
Mode
One Pixel=
Four Dots
6.6'
4 Units
25.6'
Too
Large!
4.4"
Two
Small!
8.5"
Just
Right
Four Rows by Four Columns
Is Square on title .
Screen
1 Unit
.4"
.67*
Elongated
Proportions
.07*
.07"
Excellent
Proportions
14"
.138"
Excellent
Proportions
Figure 4: Screen Dump
Alternatives
September 1986 THE RAINBOW 195
print one pixel at a time on the printer,
as seven vertical dots are printed for
every graphics character. Therefore, he
had to construct a graphics character
made up of the seven vertical pixels on
the screen. Here, 111 show you what I
mean."
Holmes grabbed a nearby coal scuttle
and drew a figure on it with a marking
pen.
"He had to repeat that process for the
entire row of 256 characters. When he
coded the program, however, he found,
to his amazement, that the figure pro-
duced by the screen dump was too
small. The width was 256/60 inches
wide, as most Radio Shack printers
print 60 dots per inch in normal mode.
The 4.4-inch width however, did not
match the height. Most Radio Shack
printers space graphics lines at 0.12
inches vertically, about eight lines per
inch. As he had to print 27 3/7 graphics
lines to produce 192 pixels vertically, he
found the vertical dimension of the
screen dump figure was 3.3 inches. A 4.4
by 3.3 inch figure wasn't to his liking.
"On his next attempt, he printed two
graphics characters for every column of
seven pixels." Holmes continued the
sketch (see Figure 4).
"To do that, however, he had to make
each graphics character represent 3.5
pixels, drawing two graphics dots for
each pixel on the screen. That proved
to be more laborious programming
because he had to alternate between odd
and even numbered lines. Each even line
on the printer represented the next three
pixels and the top half of the next. Each
odd line represented the bottom half of
the last pixel and the next three pixels.
"He wrote his next revision using
these criteria. The result produced a
print image of 8.5 inches by 6.6 inches.
However, he encountered a strange
problem. The line printer would not
print the entire line of graphics charac-
ters without advancing to the next line.
After much deliberation, indicated by
revisions 20 through 23, he found that
Color Computer basic counted the
number of characters in each line and
assumed each character was a text
character. After 132 characters, in the
typical case, BASIC would automatically
send a new line to the printer, assuming
that no printer would have greater than
13.2 inches for each line. That would be
true had the printer been printing text,
but not 512 graphics characters occupy-
ing 8.5 inches.
"In his next revision he cleared the
BASIC variable that defined the number
of characters per line to zero, eliminat-
ing that problem.
"The unfortunate programmer fi-
nally had a program that would print a
256 by 1 92 pixel screen in PMDDE 4. With
a few more modifications, he created a
new revision that would also print in
PMDDE 3, the four-color 128 by 192
mode.
"In the process of running the screen
dump program, however, he timed it. I
would guess by the nested loops and
'overhead' of the program it would take
approximately 52 minutes to print out
the screen. Our friend knew this would
be unacceptable as a product.
"He then set out to convert the BASIC
program to Color Computer assembly
language. The poor fellow had a nod-
ding acquaintance with assembly lan-
guage, but did not realize what a labor-
ious task the conversion would be.
"After hours and many program
revisions, presumably, he produced this
listing." Holmes thrust a soiled, tattered
piece of paper at us. "In fact this pro-
gram did execute quite rapidly, about
eight minutes for each screen print. One
can surmise that he went with good
spirits to his employer, Ms. Purcell, to
show her his accomplishment. At this
point he was many days overdue. Ms.
Purcell has confirmed that he did,
indeed, show her the program. When
they went to try it on her CGP-220
printer, however, the proportions were
quite far off — 6.4 inches horizontally
by 6.6 inches vertically, as a matter of
fact. Our friend was aghast until he
found out that the CGP-220 printer
printed 80 graphics columns per inch.
According to Ms. PurceJl, he then
attempted to run the program on the
DMP-1 10 dot-matrix printer. Again the
proportions were off — 4.2 inches by 5.5
inches. To his dismay he found the
DMP-1 10 used 120 graphics columns
per inch! At that point, according to
Ms. Purcell, he returned to his desk, in
a kind of daze, repeating the words 'too
many printers, too many printers.' She
found him an hour later in the rictus of
death clutching his last listing, which I
have here." Holmes pulled out the last
listing and placed it in front of us.
"The ironic part of this story, gentle-
men, is that his last listing worked for
most Radio Shack printers. Such is the
life of a programmer! Let us hope our
friend has received his eternal reward
for his efforts and is employed in a
heavenly capacity on a system with one,
and only one printer."
How to Use the Screen
Print Programs
There are three versions of the screen
print program. Each runs on any Radio
Shack printer that has "dot graphics"
capability, including earlier printers
such as the LPVIII, DMP-100, DMP-
10090 FOR ZN=0 TO 3
Listing I: BflSPRINT
10100 IF (PEEK(ZP+ZC+(INT(ZR)+Z
N)*32) AND ZZ)>0 THEN ZG(ZN)=1
10000 'HE-RES SCREEN PRINT
ELSE ZG(ZN)=0
1001,0 ZP=3584 'CHANGE TO ZP=153
10110 NEXT ZN
6 FOR NON-DISK SYSTEM
10120 IF ZR=189 THEN ZG(3)=0
10020 ZM-1 'CHANGE TO ZM=2 FOR
10130 IF ZR=INT(ZR) THEN ZG$=CH
128 X 192 RES.
R$(128+ZG(0) *3+ZG(l) *12+ZG(2) *4
10030 ZW=0 'CHANGE TO ZW=1 FOR
8+ZG(3)*64) EISE ZG$=CHR$(128+Z
DMP-110
G(0) *1+ZG(1) *6+ZG(2) *24+ZG(3) *9
10040 ZS=-ZM
6)
10050 PRINT #-2,CHR$(18) ;
10140 PRINT #-2 , STRING? (ZM*2+ZW
10060 FOR ZR=0 TO 191 STEP 3 . 5
,ZG$);
10070 FOR ZC=0 TO 31
10150 NEXT ZB,ZC I PRINT #-2 I
10080 FOR ZB-7 TO 0 STEP ZS : Z
NEXT ZR
Z=2 A ZB : IF Z»=2 THEN ZZ=ZZ+2 A (
10160 PRINT #-2,CHR$(30) ; : RET
ZB-1)
URN
196
THE RAINBOW September 1 986
400, DMP-2100, and so forth. The
screen print programs also run on newer
Radio Shack printers when the printers
are set to the Tandy character set.
Newer printers have a switch selection
that enables either Tandy or IBM char-
acters to be used. The reason for this is
the printers are used in the Tandy 1000,
1200, 2000 and 3000 — systems which
are IBM PC compatible. These systems
not only use a different character set,
but also use a different escape code
sequence, one which is Epson printer
compatible. Unfortunately for the pro-
grammer in our story, the new printers
arrived too late. The Epson escape-code
sequence uses an eight-bit encoding
which is a great deal easier to work with
than the seven-bit coding.
The first program, shown in Listing
1, is a BASIC program that works for
either PMODE 4 (256 by 192) or PMODE
3 (128 by 192). To use the program, key
it in as a subroutine starting at Line
10000. Then call it from your BASIC
program at any time to print out the
graphics screen.
Before you do, however, change Line
10010 to ZP=1536 for a nondisk system
or to ZP=3584 for a disk system.
Change Line 10020 to ZM=1 for PMODE
4 or to ZM=2 for PMODE 3. If you have
a printer such as the DMP-110 which
prints at a dense resolution in graphics,
change Line 10030 to ZW=1; otherwise
leave ZW=0. The program takes about 50
minutes to execute.
The second version of the program is
an assembly language implementation
of the same program shown in Listing
1. In this program we tried to do a
straight translation between the BASIC
version and assembly language so that
you could see the flow in assembly
language. Change the variables where
indicated for disk/nondisk, PMODE 3 or
4, and high-density printing at the
beginning of the program. Assemble
and load the program using the Disk
EDTASM or another assembler. The
program is designed to execute at loca-
tion S3E00, so you'll have to do a CLEAR
100,&H3DFF in your BASIC program
before loading the program. You can
then call the machine language code of
the program by defining the location of
the program with a DEFU5R0=&H3E04
and an A=USR0(0) or with a POKE
126 f XX: POKE 127, XX and an
R=USR(0) in non-Extended BASIC. This
assembly language version takes about
8 minutes to print.
If you would rather use the program
as a BASIC version, enter the program
Figure 5: Sample Printout
Using Hi-Res Program
Listing 2:
3E00
2Z99
3E02
3E03
n
99
3E02
3E04 B6
3E07 1*9
3E08 B7 3746
3E0B 86
3EJTD BD
12
3F36
3E10 4F
3E11 B7 3F45
3E14 B7 3F48
3E17 4p
3EI8 B7
3E1B 86
3ELD B7
3742
91
3F43
99m *
00110 *HX-RZS SCREEN PRINT
99129 ORG $3E00
99U9 *ZF-3584 'CHANGE TO ZP-1536 FOR NON-DISK SYSTEM
00140 ZF FDB 3584
99159 +2M-L 'CHANGE TO ZH-2 FOR L28X192 RES
99169 ZH FCB 1
99119 *ZV-0 'CHANGE TO ZW-1 FOR DHP-110
001B0 ZV FCB 9
00190 >
99199 *ZS— ZH
00210 *
00220 START IDA ZH
00230 NEGA -ZH
00240 STA ZS INIT ZS
00250 * -
00260 +PRXNT #-2,CHR9(18):
00270 * —
00280 LDA #18 SET GRAPHICS
00290 JSR PRINT
99299 * -
003 10 *FOR ZR-0 TO 191 STEP 3.3
00320 *
00330 CLRA 9
00340 STA ZR
00350 STA ZT
00360 *~ -
00370 *F0R ZC-tf TO 31
00380 *
00390 HIR060 CLRA
00400 STA ZC
00410 *
00420 *F0R ZB-7 TO 0 STEP ZS
00430 *
00440 HUL070 LDA #7
00450 STA ZB INIT ZB
00460 * —
00470 *ZZ-2"ZB : IF ZM-2 THEN ZZ-ZZ+2*(ZB-1)
00480 *
INITIALIZE ZR
INITIALIZE ZC
3E20 F6
3F43
00490 HDL080
LDB
ZB
GET # OF TIKES
3E23 4F
W30O
CLRA
3E24 17
91
99519
TFR
D.X
3E26 CS
01
99519
LDB
•1
3E28 8C
9999
00530
CM PI
»9
3E2B 27
19
00540 HIR086
BEQ
RIR087
GO IF 0
3E2D 58
P055P
LSLB
SHIFT LEFT
3E2E 30
IF
00560
LEAX
-t.x
DECREMENT
3E30 26
F9
99519
BNE
HIR086
CONTINUE IF NOT DONE
3E32 B6
3E02
00580
LDA
ZH
3E35 81
02
W590
CMPA
•2
3E37 26
04
00600
BNE
HIR0B7
3E39 -54
99619
LSRB
3E3A FA
3F47
99619
ORB
ZZ
3E3D F7
3F47
00630 HIR087
STB
ZZ
3E40 108E 0000
00650 *POR ZN-0 TO 3
99669 *
00670 LOT #0
00680 * "
00690 *IF (PEEK(Z?+ZC+(INT(ZR)+ZN)*32) AND ZZ)>0 THEN
00700 *ZG(ZN)-l ELSE ZG(ZN)-0
00710 *- — -
September 1986 THE RAINBOW 197
shown in Listing 3. This is the exact
same version as Listing 2, except the
machine code has been entered as a
series of DATA values. These values are
relocated to the S3E00 area the first time
the program is called. Thereafter the
program is executed by executing the
machine code at the S3E00 area. You
must first do a CLEAR 100, &H3DFF in
your BASIC program before executing
the program so that the S3E00 area is
protected from BASIC use. Change the
variables as before for the PMODE, disk/
nondisk system and printer type.
The PMODE 3 version prints nonzero
colors as foreground (print) and zero
colors as background (no print).
A sample printout using the program
is shown in Figure 5. This figure illus-
trates the graphics characters available
in graphics mode by using the Character
Generator discussed in last month's
column.
For more information on Radio
Shack printers, pick up a copy of my
Radio Shack book, How to Use Your
Radio Shack Printer. Although light on
assembly language topics, it does go
into detail about various printer modes,
including graphics figures and forms.
Next month we'll have more assem-
bly language topics. In the meantime,
keep on assemblin'. □
3E44 4F
??72? HIR?9?
CLRA
3E43 A7
A9 3F49
991*9
STA
ZG.T
ELSE ZG(ZN)-?
3E49 LP
19
991*9
TFR
T.D
3E4B F7
3*44
99"9
STB
ZH
3E4E F6
3F43
99169
LDB
ZR
ZR
3E31 FB
3F44
99119
ADD a
ZN
ZR+ZN
3E54 86
2?
991*9
IDA
•32
3E56 3D
99199
MIL
(ZR+ZN)*32
3E37 F3
*W
99m
ADDD
ZF
ZP+ZC+(ZR+ZN)*32
3E5A 34
96
99*19
PSHS
D
3E5C 4F
CLRA
3E3D F6
3F42
99s 39
LDB
ZC
3E6? E3
El
99*1*9
ADDD
,S++
3E62 LF
?1
99**9
TFR
D,X
3E64 A6
84
99*69
LDA
.X
PEEK(ZF+ZC+<ZR+ZN)*32)
3E66 B4
3F47
99*19
AND A.
zz
AND ZZ
3E69 27
96
99889
BEQ
HIR1??
IF (PEEK)... AND ZZ)-p
3E6B 86
99*99
LDA
#1
3E6D A7
A9 3F49
99999
STA
ZG.Y
THEN ZC(ZN)-1
99919 *
99929 *NEXT ZN
99939 * —
3E71 31 21
999U9 HIR1??
LEAT
+1,T
STEP 1
3E73 IF 29
999i9
TFR
T.D
GET ZN
3E75 19*3 999U
99969
CHPD
#4
-4T
3E79 26 C9
99919
BNE
HIR?9?
GO IF NO
3E7B B6 3F45
999^9
LDA
ZR
3E7E 81 BD
99999
CM? A
#189
3E8? 26 9&
91999
BNE
HIR1?5
3E82 86 99
3E84 31 3F
3E86 A 7 A9 3F49
?1?1? * -
91929 *IF ZR-189 THEN ZG(3)-?
?1?3? *
919U9 LDA #?
91959 LEAT -1,T
91969 STA ZG.T
9W9 *
919*9 *IF ZR/2-IHTCZR/2) THEN ZC$-CHR$(128+ZC<?)*3+
91999 * ZG(1)*12+ZC(2)*48+ZG(3)*64
?U??
3E8A
B6
3F4B
91119 HIR1?3
LDA
ZT
GET ZT
3E8D
84
?1
91129
AND A
#1
TEST ODD /EVEN
3E8F
26
2B
91X39
BNE
HIR11?
GO IF ODD
3E91
B6
3F4C
?114?
LDA
ZG+3
3E94
C6
4?
?U3?
LDB
•64
3E96
3D
91I69
HDL
ZG(3)+64
3E97
34
9*
91119
PSHS
B
3E99
B6
3F4B
LDA
ZG+2
3E9C
C6
39
91199
LDB
#48
3E9E
3D
91299
HDL
ZC(2)*48
3E9F
EB
E4
91219
ADDB
,s
ZG(Z)*4B+ZG(3)*64
3EA1
E7
E4
91229
STB
,s
3EA3
B6
3F4A
91239
LDA
ZG+l
3EA6
C6
90
?124?
LDB
#12
3EA8
3D
91259
HDL
ZG(1)*12
3EA9
EB
E4
912&9
ADDB
,s
ZC(1)*12+ZG(2)*48+ZG(3)*64
3EAB
E7
E4
91219
STB
,s
3EAD
B6
3F49
912*9
LDA
za
3EB?
C6
93
91299
LDB
#3
3EB2
3D
91399
HUL
ZG(?)*3
3EB3
EB
19
?131?
ADDB
,s+
ZC(?)*3+Z0(1)*12+ZG(2)*48+. , .
3EB3
CB
*9
91329
ADDB
#128
126+ ...
3EB7
F7
3F49
91339
STB
ZG
3EBA 29
29
9131*9
BRA
HTR12?
?136? *ELSE ZG3-CHR$(128+ZC(?)*l+ZC<:i)*6+ZG(2)*24+ZG<3)**6
01170
3EBC
B6
3F4C
?13B? HTRll?
LDA
ZG+3
3EBF
C6
69
?139?
LDB
#96
3ECL
3D
?u??
HDL
ZG(3)*96
3EC2
34
9*
0141?
PSHS
B
3EC4
B6
3F4B
?L42?
LDA
ZG+2
3EC7
C6
18
?L43?
LDB
#24
3EC9
3D
?144?
HDL
ZG(2>*24
3ECA
EB
E4
?145?
ADDB
,s
ZC<2)*24+ZG<3)*96
3ECC
E7
E4
?146?
STB
.s
3ECE
B6
3F4A
?147?
LDA
ZG+1
3 EDI
C6
96
?148?
LDB
•6
3ED3
3D
?149?
HDL
ZC<1)*6
3ED4
EB
E4
?15??
ADDB
,s
ZG(1)*6+ZG(2)*24+ZG<3)*96
3ED6
E7
E4
91*19
STB
,s
3ED8
B6
3F49
91529
LDA
za
ZG(?)*1
3EDB
C6
01
?153?
LDB
#1
3EDD
3D
?154?
HDL
3EDE
96
EB
Z9
?155?
ADDB
,s+
ZC(?)*1+ZG(1)*6+ZG(2)*24+ZG(3)*
3 EE?
CB
*9
?136?
ADDB
#128
3EE2
F7
3F49
?157?
STB
ZC
?138?
JJ159? *PRINT »-2,STRIBG5(ZM*2+Zff,ZG5)
?!«??
3EE5
F6
3E?2
?161? HIR12?
LDB
ZH
3EE8
38
?162?
LSLB
ZH*2
3EE9
FB
3E?3
?U3?
ADDB
ZW
3 EEC
IF
91
?164?
TFR
D.X
3EEE
B6
3F49
?165? HIR123
LDA
ZG
3EF1 BD
3EF4 3?
3EF6 26
3F36
IF
F6
?166?
?167?
?168?
?169?
?17??
?171?
JSR
LEAX
BNE
*HEXT ZB.ZC
*
PRINT
-1.X
HIR123
3EFB B6
3F46
91129 HIR13?
LDA
ZS
GET ZS
3EFB 34
?2
?L73?
PSHS
A
3EFD B6
3F43
?174?
LDA
ZB
3F?? AB
E?
?173?
ADDA
,s+
STEP ZS
3F?2 87
3F43
?176?
STA
ZB
3F?5 1?2C FT17
?177?
LEGE
HIR?8?
GO IF ZB>-?
3F?9 7C
3F42
?178?
INC
ZC
3F?C B6
3F42
?179?
LDA
ZC
3F?F 81
29
?18??
CHFA
#32
ZC-327
3F11 1?26 FF?6
?181?
LBNE
HIR?7?
GO IF NO
3F15 86 ?D
3F17 BD 3F36
?182?
?183?
?184?
?185?
?186?
?187?
?18fl?
♦PRINT #-2
LDA
JSR
•$D
PRINT
CR
*NEXT ZR
3F1A
66
3F48
91999
LDA
ZT
GET ZT
3F1D
84
91
?191?
ANDA
#1
3F1F
BB
3F43
?192?
ADDA
ZR
3F22
8B
93
?193?
ADDA
#3
3F24
B7
3F45
?194?
STA
ZR
3F27
7C
3F48
?193?
INC
ZT
3F2A
81
C?
?196?
CHFA
#192
AT END?
3F2C
1?26
FEE7
?197?
LBNE
HIR?6?
GO IF NO
3F3? 86
3F32 BD
IE
3F36
?199?
?2???'
?2?1?
92929
92939
919*9
92959
*PRINT #-2,CHR$<3?);
* «._..
LDA #3?
JSR FRINT
♦RETURN
* _ _ _
RESET GRAPHICS
3F3S 39
?2?6?
RTS
3F36 C6
FE
?2?8? PRINT
LDB
#-2
3F38 D7
6F
?2?9?
STB
S6F
3F3A AD
9F A??2
92199
JSR
[3A??2]
3F3E 4F
?211?
GLRA
3F3F 97
9C
?212?
STA
39C
3F41 39
?213?
RTS
3F42
99
?213? ZC
FCB
9
3F43
99
?216? ZB
FCB
9
3P44
99
?217? ZN
FCB
9
3F43
99
?218? ZR
FCB
9
3F46
99
?219? ZS
FCB
9
3F47
99
?22?9 ZZ
FCB
9
3F48
99
9221? ZT
FCB
9
3F49
99
?222? ZG
FCB
9
3E?4
?223?
END
START
99999 TOTAL ERRORS
See You at
R Al N BO Wf est-Princeton
October 17-19
198 THE RAINBOW September 1986
1
250 .
370 .
520 .
660 .
780 .
920 .
END
145
.65
202
249
113
203
.35
Listing 3: MLPRINT
100 'HIGH-RES SCREEN PRINT TEST
110 CLEAR 10j3,&H3DFF
120 FOR I=&H3Ej3j3 TO &H3F49
130 READ A: POKE I,A
14J3 NEXT I
150 DERJSR0=&H3E04
160 SCREEN 1,0
170 PM5DE 4,1
180 PdS
190 FOR 1=1 TO 5
200 CIRCLE (RND(255) , END (191) ) ,
RND(10j3)
210 LINE (RND(255) ,RND(191))-(R
ND(255) ,RND(191) ) ,PSET,B
22j3 NEXT I
230 A=USR0(J3)
24J3 GOTO 240
250 '
260 DATA &HE
270 DATA &HB6
280 DATA &HB7
29j3 DATA &H12
300 DATA &H4F
31)3 DATA &HB7
320 DATA &HB7
33J3 DATA &H7
34j3 DATA &HF6
350 DATA &H1F
360 DATA &H8C
37j3 DATA &Hlj3
380 DATA &H26
39j3 DATA &H2
400 DATA &H4
41j3 DATA &H47
42J3 DATA &H10
430 DATA &H4F
440 DATA &H49
450 DATA &H3F
460 DATA &H45
47J3 DATA &H86
480 DATA &H3E
490 DATA &H4F
500 DATA &HE3
510 DATA &HA6
520 DATA &H47
530 DATA &H1
&H0
&H3E
&H3F
&HBD
&HB7
&H3F
&H3F
&HB7
&H3F
&H1
&Hj3
&H58
&HF9
&H81
&H54
&HF7
&H8E
&HA7
&H1F
&H44
&HFB
&H2J3
&K0
&HF6
&HE1
&H84
&H27
&HA7
,&H1
,&H2
,&H46
,&H3F
,&H3F
,&H48
,&H42
,&H3F
,&H43
,&HC6
,&H0
,W30
,&HB6
,&H2
, &HFA
,&H3F
,&H0
,&HA9
,£eH2j3
,&HF6
,&H3F
,&H3D
,&H34
,&H3F
,&H1F
,&HB4
,&H6
,&HA9
&H0
&H40
&H86
&H36
&H45
&H4F
&H86
&H43
&H4F
&H1
&H27
&H1F
&H3E
&H26
&H3F
&H47
&H0
&H3F
&HF7
&H3F
&H44
&HF3
&H6
&H42
&H1
&H3F
&H86
&H3F
540 DATA &H49
550 DATA &H2J3
560 DATA &H4
570 DATA &H3F
580 DATA &H26
590 DATA &H31
600 DATA &H3F
610 DATA &H48
620 DATA &H2B
630 DATA &HC6
640 DATA &H4
650 DATA &HC6
660 DATA &HE4
670 DATA &H3F
680 DATA &H3D
690 DATA &HE4
700 DATA &HC6
710 DATA &HE0
720 DATA &H3F
730 DATA &HB6
740 DATA &H6J3
750 DATA &HB6
760 DATA &H18
770 DATA &HE7
780 DATA &H4A
79J3 DATA &HEB
800 DATA &HB6
81J3 DATA &H1
820 DATA &HCB
830 DATA &H49
84j3 DATA &H58
850 DATA &H1F
860 DATA &H49
87j3 DATA &H30
88J3 DATA &HB6
890 DATA &H2
900 DATA &HAB
910 DATA &H43
920 DATA &H17
930 DATA &HB6
940 DATA &H20
950 DATA &H6
960 DATA &H3F
970 DATA &H48
980 DATA &H3F
990 DATA &HB7
&H31
&H10
&H26
&H45
&H8
&H3F
&H49
&H84
&HB6
&H40
&HB6
&H30
&HE7
&H4A
&HEB
&HB6
&H3
&HCB
&H49
&H3F
&H3D
&H3F
&H3D
&HE4
&HC6
&HE4
&H3F
&H3D
&H80
&HF6
&HFB
&H1
&HBD
&H1F
&H3F
&HB6
&HE0
&H10
&H7C
&H3F
&H10
&H86
&H36
&H84
&H45
&H3F
&H21
&H83
&HC9
&H81
&H86
&HA7
&HB6
&H1
&H3F
&H3D
&H3F
&H3D
&HE4
&HC6
&HE4
&H3F
&H3D
&H80
&H20
&H4C
&H34
&H4B
&HEB
&HB6
&H6
&HE7
&H49
&HEB
&HF7
&H3E
&H3E
&HB6
&H3F
&H26
&H46
&H3F
&HB7
&H2C
&H3F
&H42
&H26
&HD
&HB6
&H1
&H8B
&H45
&H1F
&H0
&HB6
&HBD
&H0
&HA9
&H3F
&H26
&H4C
&H34
&H4B
&HEB
&HB6
&HC
&HE7
&H49
&HEB
&HF7
&H29
&HC6
&H4
&HC6
&HE4
&H3F
&H3D
&HE4
&HC6
&HEJ3
&H3F
&H2
&H3
&H3F
&H36
&HF6
&H34
&H43
&H3F
&HFF
&H42
&H81
&HFF
&HBD
&H3F
&HBB
&H3
&H7C
1000 DATA &H3F,&H48,&H81,&HC0
1010 DATA &H10,&H26,&HFE,&HE7
1020 DATA &H86,&H1E,&HBD,&H3F
1030 DATA &H36,&H39,&HC6,&HFE
1040 DATA &HD7 , &H6F, &HAD, &H9F
1050 DATA &HA0,&H2 ,&H4F,&H97
1060 DATA &H9C,&H39,&H0 ,&H0
1070 DATA &H0 ,&H0 ,&H0 ,&H0
1080 DATA &H0 ,&B0
September 1986 THE RAINBOW 199
KISSable OS-9
OS-9
Good Times with OS-9
on the Hard Disk
By Dale L. Puckett
Rainbow Contributing Editor
It's hard to believe it's almost fall —
especially as I start to write this edition
of KISSable OS-9 during the last week
of May. Yet, it's almost harder to believe I
have 576K of RAM in my Color Computer
with another 256K waiting to be installed,
while I sit here playing with the new 15-
megabyte hard disk from Tandy. This month
we'll share some ideas about organizing
massive amounts of data on a hard disk, and
work through several patches of random-
ness as we try to answer some of the ques-
tions you've posed during the past few
months.
I try to take my marching orders from you
— that's why we attempt to answer at least
a few questions each month. If you have a
question, please send it to us and we'll share
it with everyone. And don't forget, if you
have any good ideas or tips you would like
to share with fellow OS-9 users send them
to us here at "KISSable OS-9" and well sure
try to get them in print. The same goes for
short procedures and program listings.
Some of the ideas you have sent in the past
Dale L. Puckett, who is author of The
Official BASIC09 Tour Guide and co-
author, with Peter Dibble, o/The Official
Rainbow Guide to OS-9, is a free-lance
writer and programmer. He serves as
director-at-large of the OS-9 Users Group
and is a member of the Computer Press
Association. Dale works as a U.S. Coast
Guard chief warrant officer and lives in
Alexandria, Virginia.
have been clever enough to impress a lot of
veteran OS-9 programmers. Keep up the
good work.
Fate is often unpredictable. Less than a
week after Fran McGee loaned me one of the
new Tandy 15-megabyte hard disk drives
and a new hard disk controller cartridge, my
old gray CoCo bit the dust. To solve the
problem we rushed out and bought a CoCo
2 with a matching white Multi-Pak Interface
and went to work.
Installation of the Tandy hard disk drive
is very easy. To use it, you need a Color
Computer with 64K of memory, a Multi-
Pak Interface, at least one floppy disk drive
and controller, the Color Computer Hard
Disk Controller, Version 2.00.00 of the OS-
9 operating system and the hard disk drive
itself.
After making sure the Color Computer
and Multi-Pak Interface are turned off, plug
the Hard Disk Controller into slot 3 of the
Multi-Pak Interface. This is the second slot
from the back. The floppy disk controller
stays in slot 4. The two controllers must be
in their assigned slots because the OS-9
floppy and hard disk drivers have been
programmed to find them there. If you
change slots, the drives will not work.
After you have plugged in the cartridges,
connect the 50-pin ribbon cable from the
hard disk controller cartridge to the hard
disk drive. The ribbon cable must exit
toward the rear of the Multi-Pak Interface
— or toward the side of the Hard Disk
Controller with the label. After the cable is
installed, turn on the Multi-Pak, the Color
Computer and the floppy and hard disk
drives, in that order.
When turning on the hard disk drive for
the first time you will not find any informa-
tion on it. It must be formatted before you
can use it to store OS-9 programs and data,
To do this, first load the / hO device descrip-
tor and the hard disk driver modules. Both
are stored in the modules directory of the
boot/config disk supplied with OS-9 Ver-
sion 2.00.00. The descriptor is stored in a file
named hO — 15.dd and the driver is stored in
CCHDisk.dr. After these modules are
loaded use the standard OS-9 format utility
command to initialize the hard disk drive.
Once you have formatted the hard disk,
you will probably want to use the Confxg
program to make a new OS-9 boot file that
contains /hO and CCHDisk. After you do
this, OS-9 will boot from the floppy contain-
ing the OS-9 boot file, but it will start up
with the current execution directory and
current data directory set to /h0/cmds and
/hO. It's amazing!
This drive is almost as fast as a RAM disk.
After you install a hard disk drive, OS-9
becomes a whole new ball game. However,
if you use a number of application programs
on the Color Computer that need a lot of
memory, be very careful about the number
of modules you load into the OS-9 boot file.
To use the c compiler, for example, you
must strip OS-9 boot down to the bare
minimum. You can't remove the floppy disk
drivers, but you can get rid of the printer
descriptor, /p, and the related driver,
Printer, and a few other modules. If you use
200 THE RAINBOW September 1 986
a RAM disk in addition to the hard disk you
will really find memory space full — but it's
worth it.
Your approach to computing will defi-
nitely change when you get a hard disk, and
your enjoyment level will soar. You will
eventually need to get organized, however.
If you don't, you'll soon be lost in a sea of
directories and subdirectories.
I was asked an unusual question at R AIN-
BOWfest Chicago. "How should I set up my
disk directories? Is it best to use a tall skinny
directory structure or should I spread them
out in a horizontal fashion?"
Organizing a disk is a personal matter but
perhaps we can help with an overview of the
possibilities available when using OS-9. To
start, remember it was a tall skinny directory
structure you were forced into when using
Disk BASIC, CP/M, Flex or even the first
several versions of MS-DOS on an IBM PC.
Now remember the long lists you had to
search when finding a stray file. It took
forever, didn't it? Let's move forward and
show how you can use OS-9's hierarchical
file system to get organized.
The most basic element in the OS-9 filing
system is the individual file. Files most often
contain data you are interested in — the text
processing documents holding letters you
have written or spreadsheets showing a
profit and loss statement, for example. But,
OS-9 files can also contain directories to tell
the system how to find other information,
or even the programs needed to manipulate
information.
To get a handle on the OS-9 filing system,
think of each mounted disk as a large filing
cabinet. Inside that filing cabinet, each of the
directories at the first level can be compared
to a number of individual drawers. Other
directories stored in these first level directo-
ries are called subdirectories. You can liken
them to file folders. And finally, the individ-
ual files containing your data can be com-
pared to the individual pieces of paper
stored in a file folder.
The top level of the OS-9 filing system on
any particular disk is the root directory of
that disk. The directories stored in the root
directory usually give a user access to
application programs and other system data
he may need. For example, the standard
system disk with the OS-9 operating system
from Tandy contains two files and three
individual directories. The two files, OS-9
boot and startup, are used to start the
system. The three directories hold programs
and other information about the computer.
The cmds directory contains all of the utility
command programs to maintain data files.
The DEFS file contains symbolic definitions
of all key memory addresses used by the OS-
9 operating system. And finally, the SYS
directory contains information OS-9 uses
occasionally. Included is a message of the
day which is sent to every new user signing
on the system and a password file that
ensures only authorized users have access to
the system.
On a multi-user, OS-9 based computer the
system manager often sets up a directory for
each user. These user directories are usually
placed in the root directory of the disk. It
is then up to the individual user to organize
the data in his own directory. Since you are
the user, the system manager's move places
the ball squarely in your court. Let's look at
one way to play the game.
First, we'll assume you don't have a hard
disk. Set up directories to match the many
jobs you have to do. For example, if you
supervise a large staff, do the billing, track
an inventory and keep an eye on the sales
team, you will want to set up at least four
directories in the root directory of your
personal disk. The first few levels of the
filing system might look something like this:
/DO
BILLING
JANUARY
INVENTORY
PERSONNEL
t 1
SALES
FEBRUARY
MARCH
I
Joe Art Jim
In the directory named Billing, you could
create two sub-directories or folders — Sent
and Received. In Inventory you might want
to set up folders for Completed Widgets and
Spare Parts. In the Personnel directory you
will need at least two folders — one for
Evaluations and another for Payroll. And
finally, in the Sales folder you can create 12
folders or sub-directories, one for each
month. Each of these folders would hold
files containing each sales person's report for
the month plus any charts or graphics
needed to make a clear report to the boss.
If you are the only user and set up a filing
system on your own disk, the structure of the
disk would be similar to that in the figure
above. If you are working in an office with
two other managers and using a hard disk
for storage, the system manager will most
likely have created three directories — one
for each of you in the root directory of the
hard disk. In that case, simply move your
top directory level to the hard disk from
your floppy disk.
If your name is Fred and one of the three
user directories set up by the system man-
ager is named Fred, then the pathlist to your
Billing folder would become /hO/fred/
billing.
And, the complete pathlist to Jim's sales
report for January would be:
/ hO/ fred/ sales/january /jim.
It is easy to find a particular file after
setting up a logical filing system similar to
the one above. For example, if you need to
check out Joe's last personnel evaulation,
you need to look in a file with a pathlist like
this:
/ dO/ fred / personnel / evaluations /
february/sam
It's easy to find a file when it is stored in
a logical place. Typing a long pathlist like
this can get old fast, but since you most likely
work on all of your personnel reports at the
same time, you can take advantage of one
of OS-9's handy features and set the current
data directory to the current month's reports
with this command line:
OS9: chd /dO/fred/ personnel/
evaluations/ feb
Then, all you need to type is:
□59: list Sam
The first command line above sets the
current data directory to:
/ dO/ fred/ personnel/ evaluations / feb.
All of these directories contain files
holding data. And since you know your
business better than anyone else, OS-9 lets
you organize data directories the way you
have organized your business. After this,
you will be able to find files quickly. And,
once your disk is organized, OS-9's chd
command makes it easy to change the
current data directory to any particular set
of files.
OS-9 Helps Organize Programs Too
OS-9 files can also contain programs; its
designers moved one up on UNIX and
added a second current directory. This
second working directory is called the
current execution directory. It is used to hold
files containing 6809 object code and inter-
mediate code from one of the many OS-9
languages that can be run on your computer.
When booting OS-9 on the Color Com-
puter on a floppy disk system, a program
called sysgo is executed automatically and
one of the first things it does is set up your
current directories. After sysgo runs, the
current execution directory will be /dO/
cmds and your current data directory will be
/dO.
The "current" directories apply only to the
disk mounted in the drive /dO when you
boot the system. If you remove that disk and
insert another, the system records are no
longer "current." You must use the OS-9 chd
(change current data directory) and chx
(change current execution directory) utility
commands before trying to do any work
with the new disk. If you don't do this, the
system gets lost because it will look for the
directories on the new disk at the same
location where it found them on the old disk.
September 1986 THE RAINBOW 201
When it doesn't find them there and loads
something inappropriate into memory,
strange things often happen.
By the way, if you own a Tandy hard disk
and have installed its device descriptor, / hO,
and its device driver, CCHDISK, in your
OS-9 boot file, the sysgo program in OS-9
Version 2.00.00 automatically sets the cur-
rent execution directory to /hO/cmds and
the current data directory to /hO each time
you start the system.
If you decide to run a program, Dir for
example, OS-9 looks for Dir and then runs
it. However, before OS-9 looks on the disk
drives, it checks to see if the program is
already in memory. To do this it looks for
the name typed on the command line in its
module directory. If OS-9 finds Dir in its
module directory, it links to it and runs it
immediately. No disk access is needed.
But what happens if Dir is not in memory?
OS-9 looks in the current execution direc-
tory and tries to find a file named Dir. If it
finds a file with the right name in this
directory, it assumes it is executable code,
loads it into memory and runs it.
And finally, if OS-9 doesn't find Dir, in
the current execution directory it makes one
more try — this time in the current data
directory. But, if OS-9 finds Dir in the
current data directory it won't treat it like
a program. It treats it like a data file. More
specifically, it assumes this data file contains
a procedure file.
An OS-9 procedure file is similar to a
UNIX script file. A procedure file contains
a list of OS-9 commands which are read into
the shell. Each time a command line is read,
it is run just as if you had typed it. The
process continues until OS-9 receives an end
of file signal from the procedure file.
In the case of the intermediate code from
OS-9 languages, execution of the language's
run time package is also automatic. Packed
BAS1C09 programs, for example, are exe-
cuted by a run time interpreter named Runb.
When you type the name of a file stored in
the current execution directory containing
packed BASIC09 code, OS-9 loads this i-code
into memory just like it were 6809 object
code.
However, before OS-9 runs the code in
any module it checks the information in the
module header to find out what type of code
is in the module. When it finds out you have
loaded packed BASIC09 i-code, it knows that
Runb is needed to run the program. So, OS-
9 automatically loads Runb and executes it
with the name of the module as a parameter.
All of this work is transparent and all you
see on the screen is the output of the BASIC09
program.
When you first purchase Tandy's version
of OS-9 there are enough utility command
files stored in the directory /d0/cmds on the
OS-9 system master to fill several screen
pages when you list the filenames. After you
have added a few dozen of your own favorite
application programs and third party utility
command packages, it becomes almost
impossible to find a file in a directory listing
on the screen. The problem is complicated
by the fact that the Dir utility command in
the 6809 version of OS-9 does not alphabet-
ize the directory listing for you. The new 68K
version of OS-9 lists the contents of the
directories in alphabetical order.
So, if you use a hard disk and own
hundreds of programs, you need to organize
a set of directories on the hard disk using a
method similar to the one for organizing
your data directories.
For example, to keep current I try to take
a look at most all OS-9 software. Many of
the third party utility packages contain
similar programs and more than one devel-
oper may use the same name. The standard
UNIX-like utilities, Is and mv are good
examples.
But, there's a hitch. While all of these
utilities may have the same name, they
require a different syntax on the command
line. Also, you can't have more than one
program stored with the same filename in
the same directory.
While I was exercising the Tandy 15
megabyte hard disk, I decided to organize
my utility programs. I did this by creating
subdirectories in the current execution
directory, /hO/cmds. For typing ease I used
two or three letter names for the directories
to store programs and utilities from the
various third party vendors. Here is a look
at the program side of my filing system.
/HO/CMDS
CW DPJ FHL MW RS SG
Computerware's utilities are stored in the
directory, CW; D. P. Johnson's hackers kits
and utility packages live in DPJ; products
from Frank Hogg Laboratory are stored in
FHL; Microware's toolkit is saved in MW;
Tandy products live in RS and finally Steve
Goldberg's Utilipak programs are run from
SG.
Using the standard OS-9 shell from the
Tandy release of OS-9, I must type the
complete pathlist to a utility in one of these
directories. That's why I used the short
directory names. For example, if I want to
run Steve Goldberg's version of Is, I merely
type:
□S3: sg/ls
If I wanted to use Brian Lantz's verison
of Is from Computerware, I would have
typed:
059: cw/ls
But, by using the new kshell in the Ad-
vanced Utilities package from Computer-
ware, I make this operation automatic,
going as far as to tell OS-9 which vendors
command I want to have priority. To do this
I use the new path command built into
kshell.
□S9: path=cw:sg:mu:dpj : f hi : rs
After typing this command line, I receive
very few "Error #216 Program Not Found"
errors. The kshell first searches /hO/cmds
for the filename typed. If it doesn't find it
there, it looks in the subdirectories, CW, SG,
MW, DPJ, FHL and RS in that order. It
runs the first program stored in a file with
the name I have typed. In other words, if the
CW subdirectory contains an Is command,
the Is in the DPJ directory will never be run
as long as this path definition is active.
However, I could always select it manually
and override the default path by typing:
□S3: dpj/ls
While getting the hard disk organized you
will sometimes move a lot of files back and
forth from one directory to another. The
DirCopy utility from Computerware's Disk
Fix and Utilities package is almost indispen-
sable during this process. Use a command
like this:
0S9: dircopy /HO/FIRST J) IREC
TORY /H0/SECONDJDIRECTORY
DirCopy can be told to let you confirm
each copy command. This means you can
select the files you want to copy from one
directory to another on the fly. You can also
tell the program to copy files stored in
subdirectories while it is copying a directory,
and this feature is really handy — tell it to
place the files in the new directory in
alphabetical order while it is being created.
You can also tell Dircopy to automatically
rewrite any file in the destination directory
with the same name as a file in the source
directory. However, if you don't feel safe
with this approach, have Dircopy ask you
each time it discovers this problem.
Ask 100 people how they organize their
hard disk and you'll get 100 different
answers. But there are some basics you
should consider. To get in the mood, study
these approaches from two members of the
OS-9 SIG.
1 . /H0/LANGUAGES/BASIC09
/SOURCE/INVENTORY/PROGRAMS
2 . /HO /INVENTORY/PROGRAMS
/SOURCE/BASIC09
What is more important — the job or the
program that runs the program that does the
job? The first example emphasizes the
computer instead of the job. The latter takes
the opposite approach. I really can't say it
any better than Kevin Darling who is one of
the most active and knowledgeable individ-
uals on the OS-9 SIG.
"The fact that a file is 'inventory related'
is much more important to me than the
language," he said. In other words, some
nouns are more important to me than their
adjectives."
Darling also posed a very relevant ques-
tion. "Could someone other than you find
things quickly when everything is stored
relative to the language it is written in? 1
would hate to go looking all over my differ-
ent language subdirectories, just to find one
of my inventory programs."
Other good ideas came from Pete Lyall
202 THE RAINBOW September 1 986
and Jonathan Gluts who help SysOp Wayne
Day manage the SIG. "I think we need to
standardize and use a number of common
directories like the UNIX crowd," Lyall
said. "If we do this, then program authors
can make certain assumptions about direc-
tories in this set."
Lyall's proposed directory set includes
cmds, defs, etc, help, lib, src, sys, tmp and
user. We are already familiar with cmds, defs
and sys; they come predefined with OS-9.
The purpose of the help directory is obvious,
as is src. User would be used for all logins
and would contain subdirectories for indi-
programmers to take advantage of OS-9's
anonymous filenames. In other words,
instead of coding a pathlist named "/dO/
spell/ common. dat," I should have made
that pathlist read, . ./ spell/ common.dat. v
The first period tells OS-9 to look for the
file in the current data directory, two periods
means look at the parent directory of the
current data directory and three periods
means look in the parent of the parent of the
current data directory. Is that the grandpar-
ent directory? By including five or six of
these periods, I could have forced OS-9 to
look clear back in the root directory. Then
Don't forget the V, it tells the OS-9 verify
utility command to update the CRC of the
module in the file you are verifying. After
you have done this you can load or run the
new spell file. Even though we used the
DynaSpell program as an example here,
keep in mind this same technique can be
used with any program you need to modify
for operation with a hard disk.
If you purchased Computerware's Disk
Fix and Utilities, you will find it much easier
to use the Patch utility from that package.
For example, to make this change you first
type:
□S9: patch spel 1
Then uses Patch's T>' — for display —
command to find the strings defining the
bothersome pathlists.
>D 0000
**It is also now possible to give the utilities an
optional command line argument list rather
than use standard input."
vidual users. Etc would be a directory where
you could store OS-9 procedure files. Li-
brary files obviously would be stored in the
lib directory. This might also be a good place
to put dictionaries and other common files.
And finally, tmp would be used to store
temporary work files.
Outs' idea has to do with starting the
system. "1 run tsmon at startup so 1 always
log in. By logging in as different users, I can
restrict myself to certain directories on the
hard disk. This means I can only acciden-
tally destroy some of my files. If I stay in the
root directory I could destroy them all," he
said.
On the same evening Cornelius Seon, who
frequents rainbow's CoCo SIG on Delphi
added the most relevant comment about his
new Tandy hard disk. "Several packages
which were only marginally useful on flop-
pies are just wonderful now," he said. I
agree.
But before closing, he left everyone with
a problem. "There is a problem with Mother
Tandy's Godfrey Daniels' helpfulness," he
said. "I'm finding many programs they
either wrote or commissioned looking for
data on floppy drive /dO after IVe already
transferred everything to /hO using identical
directory names."
Maybe we can help here. The problem
probably isn't Tandy's at all. It relates more
to the fast pace at which hardware technol-
ogy is racing past the software. When most
of the guilty programs were written, hard
disks didn't even exist. If early software
designers had made one change, programs
would have moved right over from /dO to
/hO automatically. We print that change here
so anyone developing software now can
avoid our earlier mistake.
Most of the programs causing a problem
contain a pathlist to a device and directory.
DeskMate is a good example. DynaSpell is
another. For example, when DynaSpell
needs the dictionary, it looks for / dO/ spell/
dictionary.dat. The future solution is for the
it wouldn't have mattered whether I had the
file stored on / dO or /hO, because it would
be anonymous. I guess we all learn sometime
— better late than never!
The fix for programs already written is to
change the *D' in the offending pathlists to
an 'H' or to change the "/dO" to ". . ."
Sounds easy enough, but how do you go
about it?
There are several approaches. First, in
many of the programs the strings defining
the pathlist are located early in the program
and you can locate them easily with the OS-
9 dump utility. For example if you need to
find these strings in DynaSpell, you would
type:
□S9: dump spell
In the first page of the Hex dump you will
see the strings and can jot down the number
of bytes that each T>' is offset from the
beginning of the module. After you do this,
load the program:
□S9: load spell
Then, call up the OS-9 Debug utility and
link to spell.
□59: debug
db: 1 spell
Now, move the Debug pointer to the first
'D' and use the '=' command to change it to
an 'H'. After you change all the /dOs to
/hOs and quit Dibug with its Q command,
you can save the file into a tempory file.
□S9: save tempspell spell
You're almost home free now. Rename or
delete the original spell file and run this
command.
□59: verify <tampspBl l>spel 1 u
Again, jot down the location of the
offending 'D' and type:
>M 00XX
The XX would be replaced by the offset
that you jotted down above. At this point
when you see patch display the 'D' (as 44,
by the way) you can type:
>'H
>/
Go through this sequence for each of the
pathlists that contain / dO. Then, type:
>V
The V command tells Patch to validate the
crc of the file you have patched and correct
it. After you have done this, you can exit
Patch with its Q command.
Sometimes the strings containing the
floppy based pathlists aren't stored in the
first page. In this case Patch is really a help
because it gives you a find command. After
starting Patch you can type:
>F'D0
After you press the ENTER key, Patch
prints a list of every occurrence of that string
in the program you are adapting to the hard
disk. After you have the list of addresses,
you must use the M command again to
change the *D' to an *H' in each case. One
note of caution. Take a close look at each
*d0' you find and make sure that it is, in fact,
part of an actual pathlist. It could just be a
natural occurrence in the program's code
itself.
Dan Johnson Markets Enhanced Package
SDisk author Dan Johnson (7655 SW
Cedarcrest St., Portland, OR 97223, 503-
244-8152) has upgraded all of his OS-9 filter
September 1986 THE RAINBOW 203
and hacker's kits and placed them in one
package called the LI Utility Pak. Don't let
the name fool you; all but three of the
programs in this package run on both Level
I and Level II OS-9 systems. These three deal
with absolute memory manipulations.
Johnson hopes to release a supplement
Level II utility package sometime later. I bet
he'll have an incentive when Tandy's new
Color Computer hits the market. He has
also added several new programs to the
package including Modbuster, Afmt, Upall,
Grep and Sectedit.
Dan has made major improvements to the
template matching algorithm in his new Is
command and most of the utilities now
accept options at the beginning or end of a
command line. It is also now possible to give
the utilities an optional command line
argument list rather than use standard input.
The MacGen program has been expanded
and Johnson gives the MacGen source for
a useful program, Up All. The package sells
for $49.95 and is shipped on a CoCo format-
ted OS-9 disk. However, you can buy the
package in other formats by paying an
additional $2. Johnson calls it a deal as good
as Turbo pascal on MS-DOS.
Two More Goldberg Tips
Earlier this year, Steve Goldberg discov-
ered that the modification date was changed
every time he changed directories while
using OS-9 Version 2.00.00. To solve the
problem, he uses the following procedure
file on the shell module and builds a new
boot file with the patched shell.
debug
1 <5PRCE:BRR> shell
. <5PRCEBRR> .+269
=81
. <SPACEBftR> .+28D
=E9
=49
=67
q
cobbler /d0
Goldberg noted that since he has run this
procedure his directory changes are faster
and the drives don't grind while attempting
to write the date to a write protected disk
when he changes directories.
I thought we published the changes to
CCDisk which let you step your disk drives
at a faster rate earlier this yean But I couldn't
find them, and we have been seeing a lot of
traffic on the Delphi CoCo SIG and getting
a few requests in the mail, so well give it
another try. This time, thanks to Steve
Goldberg's homework, we'll compare them
to the identical changes you had to make
with OS-9 Version 1.00 and 1.01. The new
values change the step rate of your drives to
six milliseconds. See The Complete Rain-
bow Guide to OS-9 for the value for other
step rates.
CCDISK OFFSETS
Version 1.0 Version 2.0 New Value
$1FE $1F9 $10
$204 $1FF $08
$205 $200 $8B
$2DD $2DD $40
$2E9 $2E8 $00
Goldberg is brave and pushed the value
of the word at $1FF down to $0001. 1 don't
think I would push it that far. He also cut
the drive startup delay since his drives
seemed to be fast. To do this he changed the
$A0 at an offset of $2F9 to $0A.
BASIC09 Beginners Notes
Henry J. Proffitt of Haley Station, Ontar-
io wrote to ask how he could enter a short
BASIC09 program he had stored in a standard
OS-9 text file into BASIC09. Proffitt entered
the program with the Build utility, but you
could use any OS-9 editor including TSEdit
or the Desk Mate editor to enter a BASIC09
program.
The thing you must remember is that
BASIC09 expects to see the word "procedure"
as the first thing in a file it is trying to load.
Therefore, if you type the line procedure
myprogram as the first line in your file,
BASIC09 will be able to load it. Incidentally,
the 'p' in procedure must be the very first
character in the file.
After you have created the text file follow-
ing the directions above, you can load it
from the BASIC09 system mode — you'll
know you are there because BASIC09 prompts
with "B:". Just type:
B: load myprogram
BASIC09 assumes there is a file named
"myprogram" stored in your current data
directory and that the file contains a BASIC09
procedure. If you have not saved your
program there, use the CHD command from
within BASIC09 to set the current data direc-
tory or type a complete pathlist:
B: load /Dl/flYDI RECTORY/
MYPROGRAM
We received a note from Robert Gault of
Grosse Pointe Woods, Michigan about a
solution to another BASIC09 programming
problem you may have noticed while work-
ing with BASIC09. How do you send a char-
acter with the value $FF to the screen or
printer? This is a problem that must be
solved if you plan on sending graphics to the
printer.
There are two solutions. You can use the
BASIC09 shell command and use OS-9 to send
out the character or you can use a PUT
statement instead of a PRINT statement.
SHELL "display FF"
SHELL "display FF >/p"
PUT ttPRINTER, $FF
Gault submitted a demonstation proce-
dure and a rough and ready screen dump
program to illustrate his techniques.
Next Month
Next month we'll dig back in the mailbox
and see what's been bothering you the most.
Hopefully, we can come up with a tip or two.
And, well cross our fingers and hope we get
to play with a new OS-9 Level II Color
Computer soon! Til then, keep on hack-
ing! □
OS-9™ SOFTWARE/HARDWARE
SDISK— Standard disk driver module allows the full use of 35, 40
or 80 track double sided disk drives with COCO OS-9 plus you
can read/write/format the OS-9 formats used by other OS-9
systems. (Note: you can read 35 or 40 track disks on an 80 track
drive). Now updated for OS-9 ver. 02.00.00 $29.95
SDISK + BOOTFIX— As above plus boot directly from a double
sided diskette $35.95
L1 UTILITY PAK— Contains all programs from Filter Kits Nos. 1
& 2 plus Hacker's Kit #, plus several additional programs, Over
35 utilities including "wild card" file cmds, MacGen command
language, disassembler, disk sectoredit and others. Very useful,
many of these you will find yourself using every time you run your
system. These sold separately for over $85. $49.95
SKIO— Hi res screen driver for 24 x 51 display; does key click,
boldface, Italics; supports upgraded keyboards and mouse. With
graphics screen dump and other useful programs. Now UPDATED
FOR OS-9 Ver 2.0 $29.95
PC-XFER UTILITIES— Utilities to read/write and format ss MS-
DOStm diskettes on CoCo under OS-9. $45.00 (requires SDISK)
CCRD 512K Byte RAM DISK CARTRIDGE— Requires RS Multipak
interface, two units may be used together for 1MB RAM disk. OS-9
driver and test software included. $199.00
All disk prices are for CoCo OS-9 format; for other formats, specify
and add $2.00 each. Order prepaid or COD, VISA/MC accepted,
add $1.50 S&H for software, $5.00 for CCRD; actual charges added
for COD.
D.P. Johnson, 7655 S.W. Cedarcrest St.
Portland, OR 97223 (503) 244-8152
(For best service call between 9-11 AM Pacific Time)
OS-9 Is a trademark of Microware and Motorola Inc.
MS-DOS is a trademark of Microsoft, Inc.
204 THE RAINBOW September 1986
Listing 1: strings
PROCEDURE strings
DIM ss:STRING[256]
DIM i, memory: INTEGER
memory : =ADDR ( s s )
(* Now fill memory with $FF's *)
FOR i=memory TO memory+255
POKE i f 255
NEXT i
(* Note that BASIC09 thinks ss is an empty string *)
PRINT "The length of string ss ="; LEN(ss)
PRINT "ss =("; ss; ")"
PRINT "Now we will PUT ss. Note the difference!"
PUT #l,ss
(* Use these lines to send ss to a ptinter, then *)
(* OPEN #pr inter, "/p" *)
Listing 2: printer
PROCEDURE printer
(* This procedure is a rough and ready graphics screen dump *)
(* It assumes a preceding graphics program has used *)
(* GFX( "mode", format, color) *)
(* If your printer uses an eight pin graphics format change *)
(* the "pin" loop to 0 to 7. *(
DIM dev : BYTE
DIM color, x,y, pin, send, location: INTEGER
DIM code: BYTE
OPEN #dev,"/p": WRITE
(* Now set printer to graphics mode *)
PRINT #dev,CHR$(18)
locat ion : =ADDR ( code )
FOR y=191 TO 7 STEP -7
FOR x=0 TO 255
(* tell printer code is graphics *)
send: =128
FOR pin=0 TO 6
(* Test Pixel *)
RUN gfx("gcolr" ,x,y-pin, color)
(* Printer used has top pin 2 A 0 bottom pin 2 A 6 *)
s end : =LOR ( s end , MOD (color , 2 ) *2**pin)
NEXT pin
POKE location+x, send
NEXT x
PUT #dev,code
(* Send carriage return *)
PRINT #dev,CHR$($0D)
NEXT y /Rv
September 1986 THE RAINBOW 205
THESE FINE STORES
CARRY THE RAINBOW
The retail stores listed below carry the rainbow on a regular basis and may have
other products of interest to Tandy Color Computer users. We suggest you
patronize those in your area.
ALABAMA
Birmingham
Brewton
Florence
Greenville
Madison
Montgomery
ALASKA
Fairbanks
ARIZONA
Phoenix
Sierra Vista
Tempe
Tucson
ARKANSAS
Fayetteville
Little Rock
CALIFORNIA
Chula vista
Citrus Heights
Grass Valley
Half Moon Bay
Hollywood
Lompoc
Los Angeles
Sacramento
Santa Rosa
Sunnyvale
COLORADO
Westminster
DELAWARE
Middletown
Mifford
Wilmington
FLORIDA
Boca Raton
Cocoa
Davie
Ft. Lauderdale
Jacksonville
Melbourne
North Miami
Beach
Orlando
Panama City
Pensacola
Pinellas Park
Sarasota
Sunrise
Tallahassee
Tampa
Titusville
GEORGIA
Bremen
Cummlngs
Jesup
Marietta
Toccoa
IDAHO
Moscow
ILLINOIS
Aurora
Belleville
Champaign
Chicago
Jefferson News Co.
McDowell Electronics
Anderson News Co.
M & B Electronics
Madison Books
Trade 'N' Books
Electronic World
TRI-TEK Computers
Livingston's Books
Books Etc,
Computer Library
Anderson News Co.
Vaughn Electronics/Radio Shack
Anderson News Co.
R & R Software
Software Plus
Advance Radio, Inc.
Strawflower Electronics
Levity Distributors
World Book & News Co,
L&H Electronics Emporium
E.D.C. Industries
Polygon Co,
Tower Magazine
Sawyer's News, Inc.
Computer Literacy
Software City
DelmarCo,
Milford News Stand
Normar, Inc.— The Smoke Shop
Software, Software, Inc.
The Open Door
Software Plus More
Electronics Engineers
Mike's Electronics Distributor
The Book Nook
Book Town
Deano'sTV
City Newsstand
The Little Store
Almar Bookstore
Book Mania
Boyd-Ebert Corp.
Anderson News Co.
Wolfs Newsstand
Family Computers
Sunny*s at Sunset Inc,
Anderson News Co.
Fine Print Bookstore
Sound Trader & Computer Center
Computrac
Bremen Electronlcs/Radlo Shack
Kent Radio Shack
Radio Shack
Act One video
Martin Music Radio Shack
Johnson News Agency
Kroch's & Brentano's
Software or Systems
Book Market
B. Dalton Booksellers
N. Walbash St.
West Jackson St.
Chillicothe
Danville
Decatur
East Moline
Evanston
Geneseo
Kewanee
Lisle
Newton
Oak Brook
Oak Park
Paris
Peoria
Schaumberg
Skokie
Springfield
Sunnyland
Bob's in Newtown
Bob's News Emporium
Bob's Rogers Park
Book Market
East Cedar
North Cicero
West Dlversey
E.B. Garcia & Associates
Kroch's & Brentano's
South Walbash
West Jackson
516 N. Michigan
835 N. Michigan
Parkway Drugs
Parkwest Books
Sandmeyef s Bookstore
Univ. of Chicago Bookstore
Univ, of Illinois Bookstore
Vldeomat, Inc.
Book Emporium
Book Market
Book Emporium
K-Mart Plaza
Northgate Mall
Book Emporium
Chicago-Main News
B & J Supply
Book Emporium
Book Nook
Bill's TV Radio Shack
Kroch's & Brentano's
Kroch's & Brentano's
Book Emporium
Book Emporium
Sheridan Village
Westlake Shopping Center
Book Market
Illinois News Service
Kroch's & Brentano's
Kroch's & Brentano's
Book Emporium
Sangamon Center North
Town & Country Shopping Ctr.
Book Emporium
MAINE
Brockton
Caribou
Waterboro
MARYLAND
Silver Spring
MASSACHUSETTS
Brockton
Cambridge
Fitchburg
Ipswich
Littleton
Lynn
Quincy
MICHIGAN
Allen Park
Dearborn
Durand
Harrison
Lowell
Mt. Clemens
Muskegon
Owosso
Perry
Rosevllle
Royal Oak
St. Johns
Sterling
Heights
Wyoming
MINNESOTA
Minneapolis
Willmar
MISSOURI
Farmington
Kirksvllle
Moberfy
St. Louis
West Frankfort
Paper Place
University City
Wheeling
North Shore Distributors
INDIANA
MONTANA
Berne
White Cottage Electronics
Whitefish
Columbus
Micro Computer Systems, Inc.
NEBRASKA
Garrett
Finn News Agency, Inc.
Lincoln
Greenwood
The Computer Experience
Omaha
Highland
Computer Health Consultants
Indianapolis
Bookland, Inc.
NEVADA
Delmar News
Las Vegas
Jasper
Indiana News
NEW HAMPSHIRE
Elex Mart
West Lebanon
Madison
Arco Office Supplies
Martinsville
Radio Shack
NEW JERSEY
Walbash
Mitting's Electronics
Cedar Knolls
Clinton
IOWA
Davenport
Interstate Book Store
Lawrenceville
Lin wood
Marmora
KANSAS
Montvale
Topeka
Palmer News, Inc.
Pennsville
Town Crier of Topeka, Inc,
River Edge
Wichita
Amateur Radio Equipment Co,
Rockaway
Lloyd's Radio
NEW MEXICO
KENTUCKY
Alamogordo
Georgetown
Goodwin Electronics
Albuquerque
Hazard
Daniel Boone Gulf Mart
Hopkinsville
Hobby Shop
NEW YORK
Brockpart
Elmlra Heights
Fredonia
Hudson Falls
Johnson City
Louisville
The Computer Store
Paducah
Palntsvllle
Radio Shack
R-Kat Electronics
Pikevllle
G us-Stan Enterprises
Princeton
Miller Electronics
LOUISIANA
New York
Crowley
Acadiana Newsstand
Monroe
The Book Rack
Voyager Bookstore
Radio Shack
Radio Shack
Layhlll Newsstand
Voyager Bookstore
Out Of Town News
Comers Book Shop
Ipswich News
Computer Plus
North Shore News Co.
Soft Ware House
Book Nook, inc,
DSL Computer Products
Robbins Electronics
Harrison Radio Shack
Curt's Sound & Home Arcade Center
Key Book Shop
Michigan Radio
The Eight Bit Corner
C/C Computer Systems
Perry Computers
Perry Oil & Gas
New Horizons
Software City
Clinton Electronics
Sterling Book Center
Gerry's Book Co.
Read-More News
The Photo Shop
Ray's TV & Radio Shack
T&R Electronics
Audio Hut
Book Emporium
Computer Xchange
Softwalre Centre
Final Edition
Consumer Electronics of Whitefish
Hobby Town
Computers & Components
Hurley Electronics
Verham News Corp.
Village Computer &. Software
Micro World II
Micro Con Software Center
Software City
Outpost Radio Shack
Software City
Dave's Elect. Radio Shack
Software City
Software Station
New Horizons Computer Systems
Desert Moon Distributors
Page One Newsstand
Lift Bridge Book Shop, Inc.
Southern Tier News Co., Inc.
On Line: Computer Access Center
G A West & Co.
Unicorn Electronics
Barnes & Noble— Sales Annex
Coliseum Books
Eastern Newsstand
206 THE RAINBOW September 1986
N. White Plains
Rochester
Woodhaven
Grand Central Station, Track 37
200 Park Ave.. (Pan Am #1 )
55 Water Street
World Trade Center #2
Rrst Stop News
Idle Hours Bookstore
International Smoke Shop
Jonll Smoke
Penn Book
Software City
State News
Usercom Systems, Inc.
Walden Books
World Wide Media Services
Software City
Village Green
World Wide News
Spectrum Projects
NORTH CAROLINA
Aberdeen King Electronfcs
Cary :
Charlotte
Havloctc
Hickory
Marion
NORTH DAKOTA
Fargo
OHIO
Blanchester
Canton
Chardon
Cincinnati
Columbiana
Coshocton
Dayton
Falrbom
Girard
Kent
Kenton
Lakewood
Lima
Mlamisburg
Mount Orab
Rocky River
Toledo
Xenia
OKLAHOMA
Oklahoma
City
Tulsa
OREGON
Portland
PENNSYLVANIA
Allison Park
Altoona
Brookvlile
Malvern
Philadelphia
Phoenixville
Pittsburgh
Pleasant Hills
Temple
Wind Gap
York
RHODE ISLAND
Warwick
Radio Shack
News Center in Cary Village
Newsstand inf I
Papers & Paperback
Computer Plus
C 2 Books & Comics
Boomers Rhythm Center
Computer As^idtes
JR Computer Control
Utile Professor Book Center
Thrasher Radio & TV
Cinsoft
Fidelity Sound & Electronics
Utopia Software
Huber Heights Book & Card
Wiike News
News-Readers
G/rard Book & News
The News Shop
T.W. Hogan & Associates
Lakewood International News
Brunner News Agency
Edu-Caterers
Wllke News
Mount Orab Radio Shack
Programs Unlimited
Leo's Book & Wine Shop
fine Print Books
Merit Micro Software
Steve's Book Store
Fifth Ave. News
Software City
Newborn Enterprises
Larry's Stereo Shop
Personal Software
City Software Center
Newsy
Stevens Radio Shack
All-Pro Souveniers
Pitt Computer & Software
Software Comer
Micro World
The Computer Center of York
Software Connection
TENNESSEE
Chattanooga
Dickson
Knoxvilfe
Memphis
Nashville
Smyrna
Union City
TEXAS
Elgin
Ft Worth
Orange
San Antonio
UTAH
Murray
VIRGINIA
Gafton
Norfolk
Richmond
WASHINGTON
Seattle
Tacoma
WEST VIRGINIA
Huntington
Logan
Madison
Parkersburg
WISCONSIN
Appleton
Cudahy
Ladysmlth
Milwaukee
SOUTH CAROLINA
Charleston Hts. Software Haus, inc.
Gaffney Book Store
Palmetto News Ca
Software City
Fleming's Electronics
Gaffney
Greenville
Spartanburg
Union
WYOMING
Casper
ARGENTINA
Cordoba
AUSTRALIA:
Kingsford
CANADA:
ALBERTA
Banff
Blairmore
Bonnyville
Brooks
Calgary
Clareshoim
Drayton Valley
Edmonton
Edson
Fairvlew
Fox Creek
Ft. Saskatoon
Grande
Cache
Grande
Centre
Hinton
Innisfail
Leduc
Lethbridge
Lioyd minster
Okotoks
Peace River
Anderson News Co.
Guild Books & Periodicals
Highland Electronics
Anderson News Co.
First Byte Computer Ca
Computer Center
Software, Inc.
Mosko's Book Store
Delker Electronics
Cox Electronics Radio Shack
The Homing Pigeon
Software Terminal
Northway Books & News
CoCo Nuts
Deseret Book
Electronics Marketing
l-O Computers
Software City
Adams News Co.; Inc.
B & 1 Magazines & Books
Nybbles 'N Bytes
Nick's News
Stan's Electronics & Radio Shack
Communications, LTD
Valley News Service
Badger Periodicals
Cudahy News & Hobby
Electronics, Etc.
Book Tree
Booked Solid
Booked Solid II
Harvey Schwartz Bookshop
Univ. of Wisconsin Bookshop
The Computer Store
Informatlca Y Telecomunlcaclones
Paris Radio Electronics
Banff Radio Shack
L & K Sports & Music
Paul Tercler
Double "D" AS C. Radio Shack
Billy's News
Radio Shack Associated Stores
Langard Electronics
CMD Micro
Kelly Software Distributors
Radio Shack
D.N.R. Furniture & TV
Fox City Color & Sound
A.S.C. Radio Shack
Ft. Mall Radio Shack
The Stereo Hut
The Book Nook
Jim Cooper
L & S Stereo
Radio Shack Associated Stores
Datatron
Lloyd Radio Shack
Okotoks Radio Shack
Radio Shack Associated Stores
Tavener Software
St. Paul
Walter's Electronics
Sterner
Stettler Radio Shack
Strath more
Wheatland Electronics
Taber
Pynewood Sight & Sound
Westlock
Westlock Stereo
Wetaskiwin
Radio Shack
BRITISH COLUMBIA
Bumaby
Compulit
Bums Lake
VT. Video Works
Campbell
I ko niuomji ll^o
>wl Mill WU<w(".
\_>J lkJl loo rvjlKol
<wk_KJI 1 of iuy
l\ll*K o IVIUSIC Ok OltrleU
UUWdUI 1 V_,lfcJtjK
Roll Dr-iHir* & TV
Doll KUUIO (X IV
V7UlV_K7f 1
i kjrko nui 1 10 mi i nil in iy a
LUl lylcy
Lkji lyitjy KUvJiu onucK
M \tr\r\ct\\ iuAr
IN. VUI IL*kJk-lVC7l
fiiiir-rovAA^ttrf [""iictrihi itnre
1 Vllk^l UWojI L^lal 1 ILJU IkJio
Nelson
Oliver's Books
Parksville
Parksville TV
Penticton
D.J.'s
Four Corner Grocery
Salmon Arm
Matrix Computing
Sidnev
OIn-JI icy
Sldnou Ffet^tronir**;
jiui lay liuuieui iik^o
Smithers
Wall's Home Furniture
100 Mile
House
Tip Top Radio 8t TV
MANITOBA
Alfona
LA Wlebr Ltd.
Lundar
Goranson Elec
Morden
Central Sound
The Pas
Jodi's Siaht & Sound
Selkirk
G L Fnns Flee
Vlrden
Arohfir FntAmrfftRs
rUxjl lyl L-l 1 lui b^/l luwtf
Winninen
J & J Electronics Ltd
NEW BRUNSWICK
Moncton
Jeffries Enterprises
Sussex
Dewltt Elec.
NPWFOIIfJni AND
Botwood
Seaport Elec.
Carbonear
Slade Realties
NOVA SCOTIA
Halifax
Atlantic News
ONTARIO
Aurora
Compu Vision
Concord
Ingram Software
Exceter
J. Macleane & Sons
Hamilton
Data man
Hanover
Modern Appliance Centre
Huntsvlile
Huntsville Elec.
Kenora
Donny "B"
Kingston
T.M. Computers
Listowel
Modern Appliance Centre
South River
Max TV
Hfinnk TV
L/vl II ltd 1 V
QUEBEC
LaSalle
Messageries de Presse Benjamin Enr.
Pont Doi infl
Boutique Bruno Laroche
SASKATCHEWAN
/WON 1 ILjwIkJ
TAktnr Neu/s
Estevan
Kotyk Electronics
Moose Jaw
D&S Computer Place
Nipiwan
Cornerstone Sound
Regina
Regina CoCo Club
Software Supermarket
Saskatoon
Everybody's Software Library
Shellbrooke
Gee. Laberge Radio Shack
Tisdale
Paul's Service
Unity
Grant's House of Sound
YUKON
Whltehorse
H & O Holdings
JAPAN
America Ado. Inc.
Tokyo
PUERTO RICO
San Juan
Software City
) Also available at all B. Dalton Booksellers, and selected Coles Bookstores, j
j Waldenbooks, Pickwick Books, Encore Books, Barnes & Noble, Little j
! Professors, Tower Book & Records, KrocIVs & Brentano's, and Community {
■ Newscenters. I
September 1986 THE RAINBOW 207
ADVERTISER
We encourage you to patronize our advertisers — all of whom support the
Tandy Color Computer, We will appreciate your mentioning the rainbow when
you contact these firms.
1 27
Ark Royal Games i > ; . ♦
a *• ;»,' .1-92
Hawkes Research Services
... * .1 32
Rainbow Bookshelf . . . .
. ... a 1 85
B5 Software. .
• . » . . . 1 91
HJL div. of Touchstone
" . ■ : ■>
Rainbow G i ft Su bscr ipt i 0 n
. .... 1 1 3
Canyon County Devices .
... . * • .148
Technology, Inc.. .... .
♦ 4 ■ r r . 99
Rainbow On Tape
.... .147
Ger-Gom p ♦ r <••«. + + + % . + < * .
..142, 143
Howard Medical * .
. .34, 210
RAINBOWfest . . .....
. . . 65, 66
Challenger, .............
■ « . . . . . 8 j
J & M Systems .* < < , . , . r . . ,
* .. . a . BC
Ram . ... . . ... ♦ *».'...,.• ? "4
: I FC
^> in soft .*.**»••• « r . . •
V • * . .. .138
J & R Electronics
. , . « , 1 63
REM Industries.
• 1 ... 1 35
CNR Engineering. ... .
i . • . » * .83
Johnson, D. P. . . . .... .... .
*....« 204
Robotic Microsystems
..... 1 02
GoCo Trend ........ . . . .
mi* » .. ;V 145
Kelly Softw a re D ist rib utdrs
. • . a a • 70
SECA i i t ■ .......... a'. . '» Ifr-'i
1 ■■ h . « " . 93
Cog nt tec . . . « . • •>. *»»•».-.«
.. . .. ..81
Mark Data Products
. . « ••' 1 5 7
Selected Software ........
> <• :« • • 1 79
Colorware ... . . +
■ 22, 23, 25
Metric Industries . . . . .-. . . .
. . ...190
Software House, The . ... . .
a . * . a 1 03
CompuServe . .... , > + <
1 r * *.«'• .1 1
MichTron . . , ,
i . . . . 1 58
Software Support, Inc
. . , 62, 63
Computer Center. ,v,„ .
. « . » . » •; .: 35
Micro Works, The .........
a . . . .170
Soistmann Enterprises, Inc
r, « • • . • 96
Computer Island ......
, l . . 86, 87
Microcom Software . . . . . .
...16, 17
Spectrogram
j*'. »7 • • 37
Computer Plus * ]t . , ,
0
ii'.. : » . . . . » W;
Microtech C onsulta nts I nc.
Spectrosystems
. ,. h + + 1 49
Computerware .... r . ... .. . m
; ■ 1 • » » . • . 1 w
MicroWorld , ... ..... .... .
. . ... . .31
Spectrum Projects Inc.
Computize, inc. ....
v . . . . .'209
Mix, Tom Software .
.....177
.,..105, 106, 107, 109, 110, 111
Cozy Software . ....
1 1 ...» i .'...'8^
Moreton Bay
174
Speech Systems
Dayton Associates of
. . . . .176
. . . ..118, 119 j
,120; 121
W. R. Hail, Inc. ......
......128
Other Guys Software, The .
• a • • 36
Sugar Software ..........
, + + , .161
De 1 p h i . . ..' . .. .... . .. :> .. j.iii
. .114, 115
Owl-Ware . . * M r}f . . » , . .
...72, 73
Sunrise Software ... . , , 1
4 . . . . . 97
Derby City Software * . . . .
1 +.. . . . 1 36
P C/ . . . . « . . . . ..... . . >-: : »- r ■
. ^ • , . • 1 2 4
T & D Software . . . .
"a : : . . . -. . 14
Derringer Software . . . .
.... 94 , 95
Perry Computers .........
• a- * ■ a" . 48
T e p co . * . ................
...... 75
Diecom . - . . . . . . . .
. . . . • . I BC
Preble's Programs, Dr. ... ,
57
. . . . * . w f
Thinking Software, Inc. . . .
j j j j • . 40
DiStO ... ■» : ;. : « L L L 1
J. :. '4 . . ... . 2 8
Prickly-Pear Software
, h . . .164
Tothian Software Inc. . .
++++ .184
Dragon User
....... 46
Public Domain ,
... . .. . 90
True Data Products . ,v. . .
.150, 151
Duck Productions ,
...... 1 67
PXE Computing ... . . . . . . .
. * ■: . ....... 7
Wasatch ware . .... ...
■I j . .14 4
E.D.C. Industries ... . . . . .
. . . » . 189
Radio Shack ........ .42, 43, 50, 51
Woodstown Electronics . * .
71
...... r. 1.
, ... 130
York 10 .
85
Call:
Shackleford, Nolan, Davis, Gregg and Associates
Cindy Shackleford, president
Shirley Duranseau
Advertising Representative
12110 Meridian South, Suite 5
P.O. Box 73-578
Puyallup, WA 98373-0578
(206) 848-7766
208
THE RAINBOW September 1986
Call:
Kim Vincent
Advertising Representative
The Fatsoft Building
9509 U.S. Highway 42
P.O. Box 385
Prospect, KY 40059
(502) 228-4492
Call:
Jack Garland
Garland Associates, Inc.
10 industrial Park Road
Hingham, MA 02043
(617) 749-5a^
(
npc VHTT T f^CMTlKtr F0R A HIRES graphic
cIXnC X vU wUAH\I %J screen print dump?
HARDCOPY - Hardcopy is more than Just a screen print dump, compare these features with any
other graphic dump program on the market:
Full GRAPHICOM/GRAPHICOM PART II compatibility! Loads STANDARD 6K Images,
GRAPHICOM pictures, and COCO MAX pictures too!
BLACK & WHITE or GREY SCALE printing. In GREY SCALE printing, colors are printed as
user definable patterns. Supports hi-res in all 4 GRAPHICOM display modes!
Is, 2x. 3s PRINTOUTS - Three menu options are reserved for the most frequently used prin-
tout sizes; lx (quarter page), 2x (half page), and 3x (full page).
GRAPHIC LABELS • The label printing option allows the user to create custom mailing or disk
labels with professional looking results.
GREETING CARDS - The greeting card option allows the user to custom design greeting cards
using both text and graphics.
GIANT POSTERS - The poster option provides the user with a means of reproducing a hi-res
graphic to a multi-sheet poster.
SPECIAL EFFECTS ■ The special effects option allows the user to directly control the printing
directives; ROTATION. X/Y SIZE, X/Y FLIP, X/Y GRID, X/Y FILL, TAB, WINDOW, POS/NEG
IMAGE, and more!
USER CALL • Have an application that HARDCOPY doesn't quite match? HARDCOPY routines
can be added to EXTENDED BASIC through the USR command!
I
THE ULTIMATE PRINTER UTILITY
HARDCOPY' requires a 64K Color
Computer or Color Computer II,
and al least one disk drive. It sup-
ports I to 4 disk drives, keyboard
or JoYstick input. Please specify
printer and cat. number when
ordering.
IDS 4ao/560-G .
Okt S2A (Okigraph)
Okidata 92
Epson LX-80 . ,
Epson MX-80
Epson RX-80 . .
Epson FX-80 . .
Riteman PLUS
Cat. No.
Cat. No.
Cat. No.
Cat. No.
Cat. No.
Cat. No.
Cat. No.
170WD
179WD
171WD
173WD
172WD
173 WD
173WD
Mieman tlus .... Cat. No. 177WD Lurw^u .. lbi, no. teiwu
' Due to hardware differences, some features may function differently on certain printers.
Gemini 10X , .
Gemini SO- 10/ 1 S
DMP-105
DMPMO . ..
DMP-120
DMP-130 .
DMP-200
CGP-220
Cat. No. 174WD
Cat. No. 17BWD
Cat. No. 183WD
Cat. No. 180WD
Cat. No. 176WD
Cat. No. I80WD
Cat. No. 175WD
Cat. No. 181WD
©1984 WHITES
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
U:l.O
HARDCOPY PRINT UTILITY $29.95
YQJJ COULD SPEND $1000 ° 0R MORE TO UPGRADE
YOUR GRAPHICS SYSTEM, JUST BUY.
Eclipse (Zoom) S 19.95/Moreton Bay
Super Paint (Paint) S 19.95/Michtron
Shrinx (Reducer) S21.95/Grafx
Text Master (Hi-Res Text) , . , .S29.95/Data Man
G.C.U. (Disk Utilities) $19.95 Computize
DISTRIBUTED BY COMPUTIZE INC
PA* &
,;.
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:• ■ •;■ •:• m •:
:• * •:• •:- •:• ■:
:■ ■ •:■ •:• •:•
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•:• ■ ■ •;•
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■ ■:• ■ ■
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HDpv
T
PAINT
ROTATE
ENLARGE
©1984 WHITE
ALL RIGHTS
U:l.G
RESERVED
GRAPHICOM PART II $24.95
OR YOU COULD SPEND $24.95 FOR GRAPHICOM PART II AND GET:
a video processing package that provides many function* that art misting In Graphicom.
Here are Jntt a few of tht features provided by Graphicom Part II:
ENLARGE/REDUCE/ROTATE
Enlarge or reduce any portion of a graphic screen, just like a photographic enlarger! Rotate by any degree or
fraction of a degree around any point on the screen.
PAINT
Paint or "fill-in'* any irregular area on the screen! More than 50 different colored patterns available. Addi-
tional paint oatterns may be user-defined.
PAN & ZOOM
"Zoom in" x2, x4, or x8 on any portion of the screen to do fine pixel work. Allows editing of Graphicom
character sets with ease!
TYPESETTER & FONT EDITOR
Add text in 16 different sizes, also supports user definable foreground & background colors. Design & Edit
characters for use in the typesetter.
PIXEL BLASTER
Allows the user to easily substitute or remove colors. Widen lines, swap BLUE & RED without effecting
BLACK & WHITE, etc.
GRAPHICOM PART II DOES NOT REQUIRE GRAPHICOM TO RUN!
Graphicom Part II requires a 64K extended disk basic system, and supports 1 to 4 disk drives, keyboard or
joystick (analog or switch type) input. It will load and save both Standard BIN files and Graphicom screens.
All functions support color or Hi-Res operation, as well as the 4 screen display modes.
NEW LOW
GRAPHICOM
DIGITIZER $159.00
Input directly into Graphicom for easy
enhancements, manipulation, stamping,
and storage. Accepts composite video
signal in (l.Ov p-p) from video camera,
VCR, video disc player, another com-
puter, or other compatible video sources.
View "off air" or "VCR" digitized video at
close to real-time. Snapshot" video
frames to the digitizer's internal memory.
No slow, data serial manipulation.
Use with your multi-pak, "Y" box, or a
"Y" cable ("Y" cable available at S 19.95)
Video is input via a "BNC" connector.
External controls for HORIZONTAL POSI-
TION. VERTICAL POSITION, HORIZON-
TAL WIDTH, BRIGHTNESS, and CON-
TRAST (FUZZ) settings.
Don't be fooled by imitations. ..this is the
GRAPHICOM VIDEO DIGITIZER ... the
only digitizer that "DIRECTLY" inputs in-
to Graphicom
REQUIRES 64K COCO, 1 DISK DRIVE,
AND 2 ANALOG JOYSTICKS. FREE
GRAPHICOM PROGRAM, PICTURE
DISK, AND GRAPHICOM UTILITY SUP-
PLIED WITH PURCHASE OF VIDEO
DIGITIZER (A $50 VALUE).
"Y" BOX
$29.95
GRAPHICOM $24.95
Catalog No 111GD
Simply stated - Ont of the finest graphic
programs written for tht Color Computer!
FEATURES:
• S-U-P-E-R U-S-E-R F-R-I-E-N-D-L-Y !
• Supports 4 Hi-Res display modes
• 4 page animation mode
• Color Palette with over 1 5 color patterns
for use with Hi-Res artifact
• Send/Receive pictures over modem
• Supplied utility allows capturing Hi-Res
screens from most COCO arcade games
• Multiple Hi-Res character fonts (user re-
definable)
• Supplied utility for transferring
Graphicom screens to Basic or other
M/L programs.
• Supplied utility for loading screens from
Basic or other sources
• Built in Hi-Res SCREEN PRINT (compati-
ble with EPSON, C-ITOH. GEMINI- 10,
OKI. plus Radio Shack's LP-VII, LP-VIII,
DMP-100, DMP-200, and GCP-1 15
printers) from 1 10 to 9600 baud
• SEND/RECEIVE slow-scan television
• Many additional features, operating
hints, hardware mod's and suggestions,
etc.
REQUIRES 64K COCO, 1 DISK DRIVE,
AND 2 ANALOG JOYSTICKS
NEW MASTER KEY II
New Improved Version! A hardware product
that takes control of any program regardless of
protection. Now use with RS Multi-pak, "Y"
cable or optional extender cable. Captures
register contants as they were when Master Key
II was engaged. Complete disassembler,
memory save, and much more. Requires some
familiarity with Assembly Language.
ROM PAR Cat. No. 160HR $ 99.95
Cat. No. 161HR With Ext. Cable . . . $109.95
PICTURE DISK SETS
Avallablt from COMPUTIZE
4C - Artifact color palette
5C - Large character sets (from Derringer Soft-
ware)
6C - Same as 5C but set up as stamp set
Picture Disk Stt 1 $19.95
7 - Miscellaneous Art Set #1
8 - Miscellaneous Art Set #2
9 - Miscellaneous Ads and Examples
Picture Disk Stt 2 $19.95
10 - Miscellaneous Fonts
1 1C- Artifact color palette type fonts
Plctart Disk Stt 3 $14.95
12C- Art demo from WHITESMITH
13C- GRAPHICOM PART II function demo
Plctart Dkk Stt 4 $14.95
GC II FONT DISKS
Each disk contains 10 or mors fonts. (4 ver-
sions of tach font, ont for tach display mods).
14C-GCII Fonts Disk #1
15C-GCII Fonts Disk #2
16C-GCII Fonts Disk #3
GRAPHICOM PART U Font Disks . . . $19.95
TRIPLE TRANSFER
UTILITY©
Transfer contents of disk to tape •
Transfer contents of tape to disk •
Automatically relocates cassette pro-
grams that conflict with the disk operat-
ing system • Displays machine language
program addresses • Copies ASCII, Basic,
& Machine Language Programs • All con-
tained in 1 menu driven program!
REQUIRES 32K CC EXT.
Cassette $19.95 . . Cat. No. 105CT
Disk $24.95 Cat. No. 105CD
SUPER BACK-UP
UTILITY©
, . .WITH S.B.U. FROM COMPUTIZE ^
YOU'LL NEVER NEED ANOTHER BACK-
UP UTILITY FOR YOUR COCO!!!
SUPER BACK-UP UTILITY WILL PER-
FORM ALL OF THE FOLLOWING FUNC-
TIONS:
1 . TAPE TO TAPE (Regardless of most
protection schemes!)
2. TAPE TO DISK (Move Cassette pro-
grams to Disk!)
3. AUTO RELOCATE (For those Cassette
programs that conflict with Disk
operating systems.)
4. DISK TO TAPE (Place Disk programs
onto Cassette)
5. DISK TO DISK (Our powerful Split-N-
lmage Program, Copies regardless of
most protection schemes!)
• MENU DRIVEN
• REQUIRES 32K EXTENDED COCO
• REQUIRES 1 OR 2 DRIVES
• ALL MACHINE LANGUAGE! 1 1
COMPARE WITH OTHER INDIVIDUAL
PROGRAMS COSTING IN EXCESS OF
$100.00
DISK $49.95 Cat. No. 107CD
SPIT-N-IMAGE©
M/L Disk Back-Up Utility
There is no need to suffer the heartbreak
of crashed disks any longer. Spit-N-Image
will create a mirror image of your
valuable disk programs which do not res-
pond to normal back-up functions. Will
also initialize and back-up in one pass.
Data processing experts always insist on
having a back-up — it's good a practice.
REQUIRES 32K CC
DISK $34.95 Cat. No. 101CD
s>
Check or M.O.
Add $3.00
shipping
INC
(215) 946-7260 P.O. BOX 207 • LANGHORNE, PA 19047
PA residents
add 6%
sales tax
Howard Medical Computers
(800) 443-1444
ORDERS
(312) 278-1440
INQUIRIES AND ORDER STATUS
PRINTERS
NEW
Dual Mode
EPSON LX-80
The offer?: draft or near letter quality plus a 1K input buffer for much
fester Qraphlea printing speed, LX*P package Includes the LX-80, a Botek serial
to parallel converter, and a Howard Printer Tutorial.
$2^y ($ 7 shipping)
Add $29.50 for tractor ET-1
«9T
The NX-10 Is the latest generation of printers and offers built-in back tractor
feed giving forward and backward movement of paper plus exceptional graphics
printing capabilities, NX-P package includes the NX-10, a Botek serial to parallel
converter and the Howard Printer Tutorial, §0/^*7
OUf ($7 shipping)
MONITORS
team
123A 12"
This 12" green screen high resolution mon-
itor offers 80 column capability, Zenith quali-
ty and a 30 day warranty valid at any of
Zenith's 1200 locations.
Retail $149 $C750
Our price W f
122 A Zenith 12" Amber Screen of-
fers the same 640 dots x 200 dots
resolution at 15MHz as the 123A
and a 90 day warranty valid at our
1200 locations* SOO
($7 shipping) O O
Closeout Specials — only 14 in
stock, We have a limited number of
lesser known color monitors that
haya been discontinued but are
brand new jn their A f\
original boxes, ^ | L| y
($14 shipping)
141 Roland 13" Color Monitor with
speaker, 270 dots x 200 dots
resolution, 4 MHz C O -4 HP
bandwidth- *Z I f
($14 shipping)
($7 shipping)
131 Zenith 13" Color Monitor has
medium resolution with speaker
and RGB jack. Q H ^ O
($14 shipping) I DO
All monitors require an amplifier
circuit to drive the monitor and are
mounted Inside the color computer.
They attach with spring connectors,
with two wires extending out of the
computer, one for audio and one for
video.
VA-1 for monochrome
\ mcniiDrs only, fits all
f
cotar computers
(£$ ahpg)^24 45
VC-4 for monochrome
or color, fits all color
computers
($2 Shpg)$39 45
ISK CONTROLLER
□ISTD
DC-3
Includes controller and
DOS ROM Chip.
$ 98 ($2 shipping)
ADD-ON BOARDS
DC-38 includes 80 column capaci-
ty, parallel printer, real time clock,
and all software $138
DC-256 256K RAM Board Includes
software to access all RAM $-J25
DC-3P Mini Epson Programmer In-
cludes all software to * _ _
program 2764 or 27128 *0&
RS-1 Radio Shack's p-i ROM
based operating system $2Q
DD-2 Double sided 360K it drive
with "Vfe heightcase tjoo
and power supply 5 loo
CA-1 Cable to connect bnnLraUB? to
one drive S24^
CA-2 Two drive cable s*sn50
DC512 512K RAM Board $165 "
■
MEMORY
64-E1 for E Boards with complete
instructions. Remove old chips and
replace with preassembled pack-
age—no soldering 4rt . n ,
or trace cuts. ($2 shpg) *24 BO
64-F1 for F Boards. No soldering
needed. Capacitor $2445
leads must be out ($2 8hlppjng)
64*2 for COCO 2. Kit tBCHi tt\A one
solder point, no
trace cuts. ($2 ahlpjJinijr*:'** 3
64-22 Two chip gel tor £G«313f*A
and B, 26-3136A and B. Karen Col-
or Computers require ~ ti * «
1 solder point *!!8 4B
($2 swiping)
SOFTWARE SPECI
PAYROL/BAS™
Written In nonprotected basic for the eolor computer. This imj Mnniwyi
of programs will simplify and decrease the time spent doing j^-oh H^ntw
May 1986 review says, "Elegant and professional." State and fau<?i j tables
are already included. Send $1 for 11 page reports gujde. STQ95
VIP LIBRARY
Softlaw's Integrated package Includes VIP writer terminal, data oaaa call and
disk zap which can fix a diskette that Is giving I/O errors. $^25
SAP-II
Stock analysis program organizes
your portfolio and gives specific
sell and stop- & ^ s\ q c
loss points. v^y»0
BPA-1
Chart your blood pressure Wnti daily
readings taken In the turner! of
your home. cjrtgg
$ 19
GUARANTEE
Howard Medical's 30-day guarantee is meant to eliminate the MrlC*rlBFjlKy of
dealing with a company through the malt. Once you receive our i mM\m^ t try
It out; test it for compatability. If you're not happy with it for any ruaaon, return
It In 30 days and we'll give you your money back, (less shipping),
Howard Medical Computers 1690 N. Elston Chicago, IL 6062J
ORDERS
(800) 443-1444
INQUIRIES AND ORDER STATUS
(312) 278-1440
Showroom Hours:
8:00-4:00 MonrFri.
10:00-3:00 Sat.
WE ACCEPT: VISA • MASTERCARD • AMERICAN EXPRESS
C.O.D. OR CHECKS • SCHOOL RO.'S
AAA
| if 75 -. *v
EX MI28R0
X ELF
13*90$ If 1
One, two or even three people can play Gantelet at
the same time. You and your friends travel through
the many levels in search of an exit to the next
level. Avoid the Ghosts and other creatures that
are out to stop you in your quest. Collect keys to
open doors, treasures and magic potions to aid
you in your battle. Watch out for hidden traps as
you frantically search for the exit to the next level.
U.S,
Can.
mm- ; tint
S£0ft£
As a paper boy, you ride your bike
along your route delivering papers to
your customers, Break customers'
windows or damage their property
and they wilt cancel their subscrip-
tions! Earn bonus points by damag-
ing non-subscribers' property. Avoid
pedestrians, cars, and maybe even a
mad dog in your attempt to deliver all
of your papers! Detailed graphics and
lots of surprises make this game a
real challenge for everyone.
, I ■ U.S.
ti ll
Move your marble around
the mazes in your search for
the finish line! Avoid marble
eaters, acid puddles and
other creatures that inhabit
the mazes. Eight different
levels and great graphics
make this game a must for
your collection.
ll<v< jot j i !.! j't N ]
nets
SCORE
5 3 41
Fly your plane over land and water while avoiding
enemy missiles, planes and helicopters attacking
from the top and bottom of the screen. Use your
radar to track objects as they approach the main
screen. Bomb oil refineries, airports and destroy
planes before they can take off from the airports.
Watch out for missiles fired from hidden missile
silos on the ground. Dozens of screens of detailed
terrain plus increasing difficulty make this a great
game for everyone.
1
* 1-i *
1 *-
. —
KHOCK OUT ftHDCOH P«#M#t$
Fight against five different
boxers Tn this great boxing
game! At first the boxers
are easy to knock out, but
beware, it gets harder as
you move on,. The boxers
are out to stop you in your
quest to become champion
of the world. Outstanding
graphics make this a must
for your collection!
U.S.
Can.
Challenge the computer, or
a friend to a Karate match!
Use various Karate punches
and kicks to knock your op-
ponent down and earn
points to win the match.
When challenging the com-
puter, your opponent's
Karate skills increase as
you win matches. This game
is a challenge for even the
expert game player.
COMING SOON:
Mission:
RUSH'N ASSAULT
6715 FIFTH LINE, MILTON, ONT., CANADA L9T 2X8
We accept:
cheque or money order
24 nr. order line:
(416) 878-8358
personal service 9-5
Please add $2 for shipping
& handling. Ontario
residents add 7% sales tax.
C.O.D. Canada only.
Dealer inquiries invited
Looking for new software.
HEAT UP YOUR COCO !
HARD DRIVES
Besides the obvious advantage of increased disk access
speeds and a vast amount of storage, our COCO hard
drives boast many innovative features. For instance,
you may boot OS/9
directly from
JDOS - no
intermediate
boot floppy is
required. Our
software can
run with virtually
any Winchester with a
ST412* type interface. Our drives have capacities of 5,
10, or 20 MBytes (formatted), and may be either
partitioned into up to 7 logical units or left as one
large logical unit. Our COCO hard drive systems are
complete with case, power supply, cables, OS/9
drivers, and instructions. Prerequisite: OS/9, JFD-CP
controller.
5W 5 MByte full size $495
5 V4 M 10 MByte Vz size $650
3Vz" 20 MByte (shown above) $795
JFD-CP DISK CONTROLLER
Our new JFD-CP, compatible with both the original
COCO and the COCO 2, features a parallel port to
support a
Centronics
compatible
printer or our
hard drive,
and an
external ROM
switch, which
allows you to
select JDOS or
an optional RS
DOS-type ROM. It comes in
a case and includes JDOS 1.2 and manual. JDOS
implements all RS DOS commands, plus many
more, including auto line numbering, error
trapping, baud rate selection, OS/9* boot from
floppy or hard drive, and Memory Minder**, our
disk drive analysis^ program (Precision Alignment
Disk not included).
JFD-CP Disk Controller with JDOS $139
COCO-CLASSIC
Our old JFD-COCO controller remains a strong
seller. Some people just like old "classics" best! So
we have brought it back at the lowest price ever!
JFD-COCO Disk Controller with JDOS $99
f^eWjERUS
One-year warranty on parts & labor; 30-day money
back guarantee (except shipping) if not totally
satisfied. Items must be returned in like new
condition.
Free shipping via UPS in continental United States
for payment by VISA, MasterCard, or cashiers check.
COD requires 10% prepayment by bank card plus
3% shipping. Blue Label and foreign shipping extra.
DRIVE SYSTEMS
Upgrade your Color Computer by adding our new
JFD-CP disk controller, supercharged with JDOS 1.2
operating
system, and a
top quality
drive with case
and power
supply. Comes
complete with
cable and JDOS
manual.
Drive 0 System with one single side drive
Drive 0 System with one double side drive
Drive 0, 1 System with two single side drives
Drive 0, 1 System with two double side drives
$279
$349
$389
$489
MEMORY MINDER**
Memory Minder
is a disk drive
test program now
included in
JDOS. Used
with a
Precision
Alignment
Disk,
Memory
Minder allows
you to check
your drives for speed,
alignment, sensitivity, hysteresis,
and more! You can actually align or adjust the drives
while viewing the graphics on the screen. No special
equipment needed!
PRECISION ALIGNMENT DISKS (From Dysan)
PAD40X 1 : Tests single side disk drives $26
PAD-40X2: Tests double /single disk drives $33
Memory Minder is available on diskette for those
who don't own a JFD-CP controller with JDOS.
Includes Precision Alignment disk.
Memory Minder: single side package
Memory Minder: single /double side package
*OS/9 is a registered trademark of Microware, Inc.
**Memory Minder is a registered trademard of J&M Systems, Ltd»
i//A
JAM SYSTEMS, LTD.
15100-A CENTRAL SE
ALBUQUERQUE, NEW MEXICO 87123
505/292-4182
$59
$75
