iviaruri i^oo
THE COLOR COMPUTER MONTHLY MAGAZINE
'Beezyness*
Our Business Issue
44254'
Bernico, the RA
'20 'new product review.
The Best Money Can Buy
HDS Floppy Drive Controller Board
Reduce your I/O errors with tha Hard Driva Specialist
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Completed and Tested Board
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Bare Board with Instruction manual ........ $30.
Parts Kit For Bare Board without ROM $30.
Radio Shack ROM (current version) . $20.
Radio Shack ROM 1.0 $40.
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$40.
ADOS ROM (24 or 28 pin PROM) $40.
ADOS fsr a product of Spectra Systems oi Miami Florida
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ADOS supports 2 drives, 40 track, 6ms trk-to-frk drives
only, either Single Sided or Double Sided,
TKBUG Monitor and DOS 1.0
on PROM (24 or 2S) $40.
New, unique CoCo software monitor in ROM designed
for a minimum of key strokes and fully compatible with the
1.0 version of disk basic. Features 33 single key com-
mands, allowing the user to quickly display and screen
edit RAM in aithif hex or ASCII format. Also allows the
user to dump screen or memory to printer, set break paints,
alter baud rate, set 64K RAM mode, and more, TKBUG
by TOMMY KEETON.
HARD DRIVE SPECIALIST
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From Computer Plus to YO
after
BIG SAVINGS ON A FULL COMPLEMENT OF RADIO SHACK COMPUTER PRODUCTS
COMPUTERS
Tandy 1000 1 Drive 128K 710.00
Tandy 1000 HD 10 Meg. 256K 1539.00
Tandy 1200 HD 10 Meg. 256K 1599.00
Model I VD 64K with Deskmate 889.00
PRINTERS
Radio Shack DMP-1 05 1 60.00
Radio Shack DMP-130 269.00
Radio Shack DMP-430 660.00
Radio Shack CGP-220 359.00
RadioShack DWP-220 Daisy Wheel469.00
Si i ver Reed EXP-550 Daisy Wheel 400.00
StarSG-10 245.00
StarSG-15 410.00
Panasonic P-1 091 259.00
CITOH Prowrlter 851 0AP + NLQ 345.00
Toshiba 1340 469.00
Okldata 192 375.00
Epson LX-80 245.00
Epson FX-85 369.00
MODEMS
Radio Shack DCM-3 Modem 52.00
Radio Shack DCM-5 Modem 99.00
Radio Shack DC Modem 2212 315.00
COLOR COMPUTER MISC.
Radio Shack Drive Controller 139.00
Extended Basic Rom Kit 39.95
64K Ram Upgrade Kit 39.00
Radio Shack Deluxe Keyboard Kit 24.95
HJL Keyboard Upgrade Kit 79.95
COCO Max Y Cable 27.95
Botek Serial to Parallel Conv. 69.95
Radio Shack CCR-81 Recorder 52.00
Radio Shack Deluxe Joystick 26.95
Amdek Color 300 Monitor 265.00
Amdek Video 300 Green Monitor 139.00
Amdek Video 300 Amber Monitor 149.00
Taxan Color 220 Monitor 245.00
Tatung DM-12VLG Green Monitor 139.00
Tatung DM-12VLA Amber Monitor 149.00
Radio Shack VM-2 Green Monitor 129.00
Mark Data Universal Video Driver 29.95
COLOR COMPUTER SOFTWARE
TAPE DISK
Approach Control Simul. 29.95 34.95
Worlds Of Flight 29.95 32.95
Mustang P-51 Flight Simul. 29.95 34.95
Spectral Typing Tutor 19.95 22.95
Dungeon Quest 24.95 27.95
Major Istar 24.95
Sam Slueth Private Eye 24.95
Mark Data Graphic Adven. 24.95
Graphicom (disk only)
COCO Max by Colorware 69.95
Color ComE (rom) 49.95
AutoTerm by PXE Computing39.95
Key-264K by Key Color 39.95
Telewriter 64 49.95
Deft Pascal Workbench
Deft Extra
Pro Color File Enhanced 2.0
Telegraphies by Derringer
Elite Calc
Elite Word
Elite File (disk only)
DynaCalc (disk only)
Word Pack II by PBJ
VIP Writer (tape & disk)
VIP Integrated Library (disk)
69.95
69.95
27.95
27.95
27.95
29.95
69.95
49.95
49.95
44.95
59.95
89.95
39.95
59.95
24.95
69.95
69.95
74.50
99.95
134.95
69.95
149.95
Order any 2 software pieces listed
and take 10% off their listed price.
All Radio Shack software 10% off list.
Send for complete list.
CALL TOLL FREE
1-800-343-8124
• LOWEST POSSIBLE PRICES
• BEST POSSIBLE WARRANTY
• KNOWLEDGEABLE SALES STAFF
• TIMELY DEL/VERY
• SHOPPING CONVENIENCE
m
P.O. Box 1094
480 King Street
Littleton, MA 01460
SINCE 1973
IN MASSACHUSETTS CALL (617) 486-3193
Under
The
18
122
FEATURES
World Trader/Dawd Compton
GAME A nonviolent adventure of buying and selling
Receipt File/6/7/ Tottingham
BUSINESS Print receipts and save to disk for tax purposes
{=\ Workout/W/7//am 7a/ada
HOME HELP A 15-minute exercise instruction
CoCoflow: CoCocad Expansion/ Dennis Page
PROGRAMMING UTILITY An aid for drawing flow chart diagrams
Rule of 78s/Clarence Whaley
FINANCE Determine early pay-off amounts on installment loans
[jpfl TV Shows/6/7/ Bernico
ENTERTAINMENT A computer hacker-couch potato peace treaty
Kung Fu Fighter/Larry Wolcott
GAME Defend yourself with deadly kicks and punches
[HI Cash vs. Financing/6/7/ Bernico
FINANCE The economic advantage
g=1 Home Budget Analysis/G/en Dufur
FINANCE Forecasting personal finances
sl Analyzer/ Martin H. Goodman
DISK UTILITY Examining disk file structure
=J Varlist/Hans Schulz
PROGRAMMING UTILITY An easy way to list program variables
[HI Marquee/ Chuck Poynter
PROGRAMMING UTILITY Put your program up in lights
Saucer/Allen 6. Carlisle
GAME Avoid those flying saucer people
HO Expense Tracking and Management/Edd/e Hill.
BUSINESS Providing budgetary analysis for accounts
H Mortgage Planner/Edward ft Carson
FINANCE The joy$ of early amortizaton
18
22
26
31
36
49
66
71
76
84
92
101
108
122
163
Cover illustration copyright © 1986
by Fred Crawford
The small cassette tape
symbols beside features
and regular columns indicate that
the program listings with those
articles are on this month's rain-
bow on tape, ready to CLOflD and
RUN* For full details, check our
rainbow ON tape ad on Page 230.
NEXT MONTH: As spring commences, April is the perfect month to plant
pur new Home Help issue. We'll shower you with programs to accommodate
the home and its activities. And, if that's not enough to get your feet wet, we'll
also reveal the two grand-prize winning programs of our Third Annual
Adventure Contest and announce the names of the remaining winning entries.
Look to the rainbow to make your "home sweet home" with the best articles,
programs and product reviews for your Color Computer,
COLUMNS
H BASIC Training/Josep/7 Kolar.
A simple technique for creating animation
Building March's Rainbow/ Jim Reed
Managing Editor's comments
Delphi Bureau/ John ft Curl
New forum commands
Earth to Ed/ Ed Ellers
39
16
Beam up those "tech" questions
Education Notes/Sfeve Blyn
Building language arts skills
Education Overview/ Michael Plog, Ph.D.
Educating with electronic communications and research
PRINT#-2,/7a/77ara Dunn
210
116
152
154
12
Your Co Co: An investment for easing the high-tech pace
Turn of the Screw/Tony DiStefano
An introduction to timing
@ Wishing Well/Free/ Scerbo
62
157
Creating Hi-Res graphics title screens
DEPARTMENTS
Advertiser Index
Back Issue Information
CoCo Cat
CoCo Gallery
Corrections-
Letters to Rainbow
One-Liner Contest
Information
256
207
240
114
191
_6
The Pipeline
Rainbow Info
Received and Certified
Scoreboard
Scoreboard Pointers
Submitting Material
to Rainbow
.238
Subscription Information
These Fine Stores
104
.120
180
.174
.176
199
-65
254
RAINBOWTECH
Accessible Applications/ftcharc/ White.
Firing up BASIC09
Barden s Buffer/ William Barden, Jr.
Listening with assembly language
Downloads/Dan Downard
Answers to your technical questions
The Utility Room/ Brian A. Lantz
226
237
214
216
Errors, error messages and error conditions
"KISSable OS-9" will return next month.
PRODUCT REVIEWS
Product Review Contents
179
March 1986
Vol. V No. 8
Editor and Publisher
Lawrence C. Falk
Managing Editor James E. Reed
Senior Editor Courtney Noe
Technical Editor Dan Downard
Submissions Editor Jutta Kapfhammer
Copy Editor Tamara Renee Dunn
Reviews Editor E. Monica Dorth
Editorial Assistants Wendy Falk,
Judi Hutchinson, Angela Kapfhammer,
Shirley Morgan
Technical Assistants John R. Curl, Ed Ellers
Contributing Editors William Barden, Jr.,
Steve Blyn, R. Wayne Day, Tony DiStefano,
Joseph Kolar, Michael Plog, Dale Puckett,
Fred Scerbo, Richard White
Consulting Editors Danny Humphress,
Belinda C. Kirby, T. Kevin Nickols
Art Director Jerry McKiernan
Designers Tracey Jones, Heidi Maxedon,
Kevin Quiggins, Sandra Underwood
Production Assistant Cindy Jett
Chief of Typography Debbie Hartley
Typography Services Jody Doyle,
Suzanne Benish Kurowsky
President
Falsoft, Inc.
Lawrence C, Falk
General Manager Patricia H. Hirsch
Asst. General Mgr. for Finance Donna Shuck
Admin. Asst. to the Publisher Sue E. Rodgers
RAINBOWfest Coordinator Judy Brashear
Editorial Director James E. Reed
Asst. Editorial Director Jutta Kapfhammer
Executive Editor Courtney Noe
Creative Director Jerry McKiernan
Manager of Public Relations Holly J. Weaver
Chief Bookkeeper Diane Moore
Advertising Accounts Beverly Taylor
Dealer Accounts Judy Quashnock
Accounts Payable/ADP Lisa Ragan
Director of Fulfillment Services
Bonnie Frowenfeld
Asst. Dir. of Fulfillment Services Sandy Apple
Asst. Customer Service Mgr. Beverly Bearden
rainbow ON TAPE Production Doug Orr
Word Processor Manager Patricia Eaton
Chief of Printing Services Melba Smith
Pre-press Production John Pike
Dispatch Janice East burn
Business Assistants Laurie Falk, Sharon Smith,
Monica Wheat, Pam Workhoven
Advertising Coordinator Doris Taylor
Advertising Representative Kim Vincent
Advertising Assistant Debbie Baxter
(502) 228-4492
West Coast Advertising and Marketing Office
Director Cindy Shackleford
Advertising Representative
Shirley Duranseau
For RAINBOW Advertising
and Marketing Office Information,
see Page 256
the rainbow is published every month of the year by FALSOFT, Inc., The Falsoft Building, 9509 U.S. Highway 42, P.O. Box 385, Prospect, KY 40059, phone (502)
228-4492. the rainbow, RAINBOWfest and the rainbow and RAINBOWfest logotypes are registered ® trademarks of FALSOFT, I nc. • Second class postage paid Prospect,
KY and additional offices. USPS N. 705-050 (ISSN No. 0746-4797). POSTMASTER: Send address changes to the rainbow, P.O. Box 385, Prospect, KY 40059. Forwarding
Postage Guaranteed. Authorized as second class postage paid from Hamilton, Ontario by Canada Post, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. • Entire contents copyright © by
FALSOFT, \nc, "1986. the rainbow is intended for the private use and pleasure of its subscribers and purchasers and reproduction by any means is prohibited. Use
of information herein is tor the single end use of purchasers and any other use is expressly prohibited. All programs herein are distributed in an "as is" basis, without
warranty of any kind whatsoever. • Tandy, Color basic, Extended Color basic and Program Pak are registered ® trademarks of the Tandy Corp. CompuServe is a registered
® trademark of CompuServe Inc. • Subscriptions to the rainbow are $31 per year in the United States. Canadian rates are U.S. $38. Surface mail to other countries
is U.S. $68, air mail U.S. $103. All subscriptions begin with next available issue. • Limited back issues are available. Please see notice for issues that are in print and
their costs. Payment accepted by VISA, MasterCard, American Express, cash, check or money order in U.S. currency only.
1
Is CoCo Involved?
Editor:
There has been a burning question that I
have had for quite some time and have never
seen it asked in the "Letters to Rainbow"
section. IVe always wanted to know exactly
how much is the CoCo involved in the
production, publishing, editing and writing
of THE RAINBOW?
Also, I have seen many explanations on
how to make my CoCo I handle a fast POKE,
but I have never been able to find it on my
board (Pm referring to C85). Where is this
hidden wonder? I own an 'F' board.
Steve Haughey
Whitefish Bay, Wl
Editor's Note: Most of our con-
tributors use CoCos, not only for
programming, but the write-ups as
well. We use the CoCo here to
print out listings and to load arti-
cles done on CoCo word proces-
sors and transfer them to our
typesetting machines. Plus, many
"in-house" columns such as
"Building a Rainbow," "Earth to
Ed" and "Downloads" are com-
posed on the CoCo. An average
issue probably involves more than
a hundred different Color Compu-
ters when you consider reviewers
and even writers to this Letters
column also use the CoCo.
While your board may be cap-
able of using the high speed POKE
without any modification what-
soever, depending on the condition
of your chips, if you need to clip
capacitors, the ones to clip on the
'D'and 'E' boards are the C73, C75
and C85 (the latter is located near
the internal ROM Pak connector).
6 THE RAINBOW March 1986
For the *F' Board (also called the
TDP, ET and NC) clip one side of
C36, C37 and C30. You see, they
renumbered the capacitors on the
<F' board.
CoCo-VCR Connection
Editor:
I am interested in hooking my CoCo to
my VCR for titling and animation. Will
articles of this nature be found in the new
VCR magazine or would they be shown in
THE RAINBOW?
John H. Carstens
Toms River, NJ
Editor's Note: Our new VCR mag-
azine places the emphasis on enter-
tainment and will have little, if any,
hardware material. So, keep read-
ing THE rainbow for this sort of
thing.
BACK TALK
Editor:
In the July 1985 issue [Page 8], I read the
letter from Tim Jay of St. Petersburg,
Florida. He was wondering if a universal
program for the different types of computers
existed.
In the Netherlands, the National Broad-
casting Station (NOS) broadcasted pro-
grams for four types of computers a long
time ago. Then more and more computers
became popular and they were not able to
broadcast general interest programs for each
type. After some thinking, they found a
solution. They invented a universal language
that uses commands available for each
computer — no matter what type basic they
use. They called it BASICODE. It consists
of two programs: a basic file to make it
possible for each computer to use the same
BASIC statements, and an ML routine to save
the program in a "universal way" on tape.
This means it is possible to transfer basic
programs to another computer by the use of
the ML routine. If this BASIC program is not
written in the BASICODE protocol, you
have to convert the different statements to
your basic version.
If you are interested in the BASICODE
program, please write me at Eikenlaan 1,
4641 GB Ossendrecht, the Netherlands. The
program is written for many computers such
as IBM, Models 1 and 3, Commodore,
Spectrum, MSX and the CoCo.
Please continue with your excellent mag-
azine. It is our only source for information
on the Color Computer.
Jorgen te Giffel
the Netherlands
We Stand Corrected
Editor:
I noticed the letter in the December 1985
issue [Page 9], by Greg Garnett. You said to
change 90 and 100 to:
90 C$=C$+".bas"
100 RUN C$
It should read:
90 C$=C$+".bas"
100 RUN ""+C$
If you don't include the quotation marks
BASIC will think it is a line number and print
a UL error. I hope this is helpful to other
CoCo fanatics out there.
Ezra Story
Woodstock, NY
Editor:
I am writing in response to Greg Garnett's
letter [December 1985, Page 9]. This pro-
gram will do exactly what he wants to do and
with fewer lines. I have been using this as a
hello program now for some time and found
it to work nicely. I tried the program listed
with the corrections that you suggested. I
found that the changes will not work with
Disk BASIC.
5 CLS
10 PRINT"HELLQ"
40 DIR(0)
50 PRINT "PLEASE ENTER THE NfiME OF
PROGRAM TO RUN"
60 INPUT C$
70 C$S=C$+'VBAS"
B0 LORD C$,R
Clay Smith
Williamstown, NJ
Editor:
Thanks to Mike Sweet and the rainbow
for the "Cheap Keyboard," December 1985,
Page 208 for the Deluxe Keyboard. I got one
of the last ones in Boston. Instead of bending
the pins, which can damage the board, I
bought a 34-pin Header Connector (Radio
Shack No. 276-1529) for $3.19. Place the
ribbon connector, backed up by a thin strip
of plastic, between the two rows of contacts
at the rear of the plug. Pull a stretched-tight
rubber band between the cable and the
plastic strip; as it shrinks in length it expands
in thickness, pressing the conductors against
one bank of contacts. Now let's have some
articles or tips on the Deluxe Keyboard.
Please keep up the experimental do-it-
yourself approach.
Alfred Rubio
Somerville, MA
Editor:
I'd like to respond to a letter I saw in your
January 1986 issue [Page 8]. Haskell Brodek
asked about tape to disk transfer programs.
One word of warning. If you use such a
program and that program automatically
transfers the tape program to disk using the
tape-saved name, you could be in for some
problems. It doesn't happen very often, but
when it does, it causes some extra work for
the user.
I'm talking about tape-saved programs
that use an extension as part of the title
Several good examples are found on the
January 1986 issue of rainbow on tape.
These include SCF'EDI, SMF'EDI, SUL'EDI
and 5MP/EDI. There was also one on the
December 1983 issue called D/BfiS.
When automatically transferred from
tape to disk, the directory ends up looking
like this:
SCF/EDI /BPS 0 B 3
SMF/EDI /BPS 0 B 4
SUL/EDI /BPS 0 B 4
SUL/EDI /BPS 0 B 2
Since disk programs can't have two exten-
sions, once it's transferred to disk, youll
never get it back off again. You'll have to do
a DSKINI 0 and start over. You can't even kill
one of these programs. Your best bet is to
use Roger Schrag's "A Tape to Disk
Transfer Vehicle" [Page 48], a transfer
program from the January 1984 issue. It
allows you to give the disk-saved program
any name you like. I hope this saves some-
one some undue frustration.
I'll be attending RAINBOWfest in Chi-
cago on Sunday, May 25. I hope to meet
some of my pen pals or anyone else inter-
ested in "talking shop." See you there.
Bill Bernico
Sheboygan, W
Handbook Requested
Editor:
I would like to get the Delphi Handbook
and command card. The advertisement says
I can order it while online, but how can I
order it without knowing the command to
do it?
I also await the next Simulations issue. I
enjoy it when you put the top winners'
programs in the rainbow. Also, looking at
the back issue order form, I see you haven't
had an Adventure issue. And, if you follow
through with P. Giodano's idea of a "Best
Of" issue ("Letters to Rainbow", Page 8), I
think it would be nice to include all pro-
grams that won first prize in all of your
contests.
Brandon Rhodes
Andover, MA
Editor's Note: There are two ways
to order the Delphi Handbook. If
you haven't already signed up on
Delphi, when you do so youU be
asked whether or not you want to
buy the package. If you've already
signed up, you can order the Del-
phi Handbook by sending a mail
message to SERVICE. Either way,
the cost will be billed to your
Delphi account. Any questions
you might have should be directed
to Delphi Customer Service; their
toll-free number is (800) 544-4005.
Winners of the Third Annual
Adventure Contest will be an-
nounced in the April 1986 issue.
February 1984 was our latest Ad-
venture issue.
HINTS AND TIPS
Editor:
I found a flaw in the program Christmas
Songs (December 1985, Page 36). You can
barely hear the music, even if you have the
TV volume turned all the way up. The
following line eliminates this problem and
the other problem of the screen turning pink
after you run the program.
225 POKE65315,230
Roy Geeo
Hot Springs, AR
Editor:
I recently purchased a used MC-10 and
was making backup copies of the programs
I received with it. When it came to backing
up the machine language tapes, there was no
CSRVEM command. I discovered that if you
CLOfiDM an MC-10 machine language tape
on a CoCo 2 64K, you could PEEK the
necessary locations to find the start, end and
exec addresses and CSflVEM to tape. Then
you have a backup and can run it on the MC-
10 as you would any other machine language
tape.
Kevin Schmidt
Arkdale, WI
Automatic Hangup
Editor:
For those who use the Radio Shack
Modem II, I have a command that will hang
up the modem automatically. This comes in
handy if you are into running a BBS. This
command is POKE &HFF20 , 0. If you use this
with a remote driver you will have to put a
FOR X=1TO2000:NEXT command right after
the poke.
Timothy Dohtorski
Jersey City, NJ
Editor:
Here is another possible solution to the
cassette motor drive problem. I overcame
the problem by adding a push-button switch
to the cassette recorder. This will bypass the
mike jack that controls the cassette drive
motor. In order to be able to hear the tape,
I added a 2200 ohm resistor across the ear
jack. I can then hear the tape when the
volumn is up all the way, but it is not loud
enough to be bothersome.
To find the points to connect to, use an
ohmmeter. When an open cable is plugged
into the cassette jack, the contacts will open
up. These are where you solder your wires.
Denis Santerre
E. Holden, ME
Editor:
I recently purchased a Royal Beta 8100
typewriter with an IF600 adapter box and
a Color Computer adapter cable. Initially,
I was unable to get the typewriter to print
using either PRINTtt-2, " " or through my
Telewriter-64. After quite a bit of experi-
mentation with the switch block in the
adapter box, I was able to get the typewriter
to print by setting the switches to get the
following status, obtained by interrogating
the interface box:
STATUS
PROM designation: EFFC 03-01
Date: 12/10/84
Interface: V24 (RS 232 C)
Baud rate: 600
Data format: 8 bit
Parity: off
Protocol: DC1/DC3
Control line: DTR
DSR: off
Auto LF: on
Auto CR: on
Select In: off
Form length: 60
Character set: US2
This may be of use to someone else having
the same problem.
Jon Buchanan
Troy, IL
March 1986 THE RAINBOW 7
Biblical Books
Editor:
As a pastor, I use my CoCo quite exten-
sively for word processing and utilize the
capabilities of Telewriter-64 to the fullest. I
have written two books and numerous
sermons and have found the CoCo more
than adequate. I would like to let anyone
who may be interested to know that copies
of the two books are available on disk. Book
one is entitled An Introduction to the
Doctrines of Grace and is on one disk. Book
two is entitled Portraits of Christ: As
Painted in John 's Gospel and is on two full
disks. All disks are in Telewriter binary
format. Anyone wishing copies should send
three blank disks and a return mailer with
postage affixed to 221 Highview Drive,
63011.
The material is copyrighted, but those
who receive the disks may feel free to use it
as they wish. Donations for the material
would be appreciated, but I will gladly
provide copies for anyone who wishes to
have them.
Lastly, my thanks to the rainbow staff
for a great magazine. I would like to suggest
that an article be written on how people are
using the CoCo in various ministry activi-
ties.
Pastor Mark Camp
Ballwin, MO
REQUEST HOTLINE
Editor:
I would like to know if anyone has soft-
ware that emulates a VT-100 Digital Equip-
ment Corp. CRT. If so, please write to me
at 2410 Imperial Oaks, 52761.
Joe Barnard
Muscatine, IA
Editor:
I would like to be in contact with someone
who has interfaced a Digital LA36 Decwrit-
er II with a Radio Shack Extended basic
computer. I have a Decwriter with no
interfaces. I need the wiring drawings and
directions. Please contact me at 1 14 Kenneth
Drive, 15626.
William A. Walker
Delmont, PA
In a Screen Print Pinch
Editor:
My teacher and I have been conducting
a computer course at our school for three
years. We were doing fine until someone
took our screen print program last summer.
Thus, we had to buy another only to dis-
cover that Radio Shack has discontinued the
model we previously used. The replacement
we found is too slow, which increases
printing time.
Does anyone know where we can get the
older model or a faster screen print program
for the Tandy DMP-130? The older Cat. No.
8 THE RAINBOW March 1986
is 26-3021 and the new model's Cat. No. is
26-3121. Write to us at Connersville Junior
High School, 1900 Grand Avenue, 47331.
Mike Cramer and Gary Keegan
Connersville, IN
Lie Detector
Editor:
I need help. My math teacher challenged
me to build a CoCo lie detector. I have no
idea where to start. I would appreciate any
help. If possible, I would like it to use a
finger clip. My address is 2833 Jackson Pike,
45103.
Chris Schneider
Batavia, OH
Jogger's Log
Editor:
I am looking for a program that will let
me combine my hobbies of running and
computering. I need a way to keep track of
mileage, etc., in a type of training diary
I have seen a few programs commercially
available for some other computers (Apple,
IBM, etc.), but I haven't found anything for
the CoCo. Anyone knowing of one can write
me at 101 Fourth Avenue, 25701.
Steve Clark
Huntington, WV
Editor:
I would like to have a program to log Ham
Radio contacts listing calls, names, dates,
states and countries. If anyone has a pro-
gram, please contact me, I am a Ham and
would like to keep all my logging contacts
on my CoCo. I would also like to see more
programs for the Ham. Write to me at 6429
Main Street, 54410. I have 64K ECB and
cassette. Also, I would like to hear from
someone who has a code program of some
kind.
Kim G. Smrstick
Arpin, WI
Editor's Note: See "CoCo's Quick
Station Log" on Page 44 of the
November 1985 issue.
OS-9 Testimonial
Editor:
rainbow is the flip side of "whenever
things cannot possibly get any worse, they
will." Every time I start thinking you guys
have peaked out, you pull another handker-
chief out of your sleeve. Congratulations on
Brian Lantz's articles. Now we have Dale
Puckett, who covers the whole OS-9 spec-
trum, and Mr. Lantz, who concentrates on
programming. What more could we ask for?
Well, for one thing, how about BASIC09
programs along the lines of such classics as
Roach, Surface, Keybomber and anything
by Fred Scerbo? Let's shake the notion that
OS-9 is an inherently serious, business
applications system. Just what did y'all have
in mind when you bought those Color
Computers, anyway? OS-9 has some out-
standing Hi-Res graphics routines. Let's see
them put to use.
Fred Sawtelle
Huntsville, TX
INFORMATION PLEASE
Editor:
Is there any way to save programs down-
loaded with the Radio Shack RS-232 Pro-
gram Pak to disk using the Multi-Pak
Interface? Any help would be greatly appre-
ciated. You can write me at 622 Perdido
Drive, 75043.
Eric Hedstrom
Garland, TX
Editor:
I am desperately looking for a Fortran
compiler for CoCo. If you know of one,
please let me know. I would be appreciative.
Write me at 2300 Olinville Avenue, 10467.
Benjamin M. Fine
Bronx, NY
Editor:
At this time, I am considering purchasing
a Radio Shack Ink- Jet Printer CGP-220 to
go with my CoCo 2 computer. However, I
am concerned about being able to use it to
print out all of the graphics I have accum-
ulated using the graphics program from the
article entitled "The Art of Joystick Paint-
ing," by Brian Preble, on Page 97 of the
October 1984 issue. I very much like Brian's
program and would like to be able to use the
CGP-220 printer in making hard copies of
all the graphics I have saved on tape. I do
understand that the printer comes with a
special screen print utility, but I question
whether or not this utility works with Brian's
program. If anybody can help me, I would
greatly appreciate it. My mailing address is
P.O. Box 71, 04957.
Chet Lonnquist
Norridgewock, ME
Editor:
Soon after I bought our Epson RX-80 F/
T the LX-80 with near letter-quality printing
came out. Does anyone know if: a) the
printer can be modified; b) any software
exists that would do the job for me? I have
both Elite Word and VIP Writer.
Also, does anyone know why some of my
printer lines are occasionally wavy? Some-
times the 'a' line will not be quite straight
with respect to the others. My address is
2330 Lakeland Avenue, 53704.
Paul Whiting
Madison, WI
Editor:
I am a proud owner of a 64K ECB CoCo
with an FD 500 disk drive and a DCM-3
modem. I have a communication program
called Autoterm that takes close to five
minutes to load in on cassette. I want to copy
this from tape to disk. It would be a lot faster
and I don't want to buy the same program
again. This program is machine language
and self-executing. Would Radio Shack's
EDTASM+ allow me to do this? How can
I do this? My address is RR 3 Box 376,
62966.
Bryon E. Lawrence
Murphysboro, IL
Editor's Note: Read "A Tape To
Disk Transfer Vehicle" by Roger
Schrag, January 1984, Page 48.
Radio Shack's Color Computer 2°
&«/EON
OUR BEST!
64K Memory! Extended BASIC!
Cut $ 20...new low price $ 199.95
The Color Computer 2 is an af-
fordable computer that allows you
to write programs tailored to your
personal and household needs. It's
ideal for small-business and pro-
fessional uses alike. With the
built-in Extended BASIC lan-
guage, you can access 32,000
characters of memory. To access
the full 64K memory, simply add a
disk drive and the optional OS-9
disk operating system.
The powerful Color Computer 2
(26-3127, was 219.95 in Cat. RSC-
15) creates detailed color graphics
from simple, one-line commands,
and is ideal for drawings, designs,
charts, engineering diagrams and
even animation!
Ready-to-run software can help
you set up personal and house-
hold budgets, create a household
inventory, keep track of your in-
vestments, write letters and re-
ports and record recipes.
With a wide range of educa-
tional software available, your
children can use the Color Com-
puter 2 to help strengthen their
math, spelling and reading skills.
The family can even play exciting
computer games. The system
attaches to any TV and is easily
expanded.
Get the Color Computer 2 and
your family will immediately start
to enjoy the advantages of home
computing . . . together!
Radio /haeH
The Technology Store
A DIVISION OF TANDY CORPORATION
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Send me a new
1986 computer catalog
Mail To: Radio Shack, Dept. 86-A-903
300 One Tandy Center, Fort Worth, Texas 76102
Name
Company
Address _
City
State
ZIP
— —
Telephone
I
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TV not included. Price applies at Radio Shack Computer
Centers and at participating Radio Shack stores and dealers.
4
A CoColess CoCo Fan
Editor:
Here's one Atari user who also wishes he
had a CoCo. My respect to rainbow, Radio
Shack and the users for upholding such an
excellent computer.
I am an electronics fanatic and a 6502
expert in most cases. I would like to trade
ideas with CoCo users on electronics pro-
jects, and would like any type of 6809
assembly listing. I want to convert these for
the Atari. My address is 2404 Phoenix Hill
Drive, 40207.
Jay Yepuri
Louisville, KY
Teaming up for Adventure
Editor;
Is there anyone out there who has a good
Adventure idea (scenario), but can't put it
in a program?
I have enough knowledge in basic to write
a program, but lack ideas. Please send a
detailed explanation of your idea, and
together well produce a great Adventure.
My address is 939 S. Harriet, 46151.
Jim Cockrum
Martinsville, IN
KUDOS
Editor:
I am writing this letter in the hopes of
delivering some well-deserved kudos. The
first I would like to extend to Colorware for
their CoCo Max program. This has to be,
without a doubt, the most user-friendly
program I have acquired to date. As a
programmer I am intrigued by the concepts
utilized, and as a user I can finally let my
creative juices flow. It is well worth the
money and I highly recommend it to anyone,
no matter how remote the need.
The second kudos is to your magazine.
With all the "computer envy" these days, all
I have to do is let my friends thumb through
the pages of your magazine and the discus-
sion is all but over. Keep up the good work.
SMI Jay Hebert
US S Midway CV 41
Yokosuka, Japan
Editor:
I wish to compliment you on the won-
derful magazine you produce. There are
many advertisers in the rainbow and it's
nice to know there are people other than
Radio Shack who support the TRS-80
Color Computer. When I purchased the
October 1985 Graphics issue, I saw the usual
games, reviews, RAINBOW Scoreboard, etc.
What surprised me was the extra long
"CoCo Gallery." It was a wonderful idea. I
hope it will continue.
Joseph Pendell
Riverside, MD
Newsletters
Editor:
I would like to announce the CoCo News-
letter. The newsletter includes helpful POKEs,
1 0 THE RAINBOW March 1 986
tips for solving Adventures, an occasional
review on a new product and one or two
programs. The newsletter is available to
anyone worldwide. For more information
write to me at Rt. 6, Box 293, 26505, or call
(304) 594-2791.
Doug Wilburn
Morgantown, WV
Editor:
The MC'10 Newsletter has grown from
four pages to 10 pages, and we hope to
someday produce a small magazine for the
MC-10 computer. Since $6 a year [for dues]
is sort of a tight budget to get a magazine
started, we must raise our dues, which
include subscription, to $12. Anyone wish-
ing information on our club, please write to
me at 4730 Cass Street, 92109.
Jose J. Bray
San Diego, CA
Editor:
I would like to tell the rainbow readers
about our newsletter. It is called Alternate
Views. Although its main theme is science
fiction, we cover a variety of topics, includ-
ing computers (the CoCo, of course). For a
sample issue and subscription information
send 50 cents to 3735 Stark Street, 43906.
The editor is John Redpath.
Dale Roman
Bellaire, OH
BOUQUETS
Editor:
I would like everyone to know about two
companies who advertise in the rainbow.
Never in my life have I been treated with
such wonderful service and concern. Special
thanks to Sugar Software and Don Dunlop.
Also, my compliments to Computer Plus. I
can't say enough about these people who put
service and customer satisfaction above
everything else.
Thanks for a fine publication.
Anthony J. Michael
Bryant, Wl
Editor:
I would like to express my thanks to
Colorware, Inc. When I ordered CoCo Max %
I received it in less than two days! I live in
a very remote town and seven-day packages
are not uncommon. Also, the package was
tested and sealed, which shows individual
service. Beware — never hit SHlFT-left arrow
while a menu is on the screen; doing so will
wreck your picture.
Troy Curtiss
Circle, MT
Editor:
I would like everyone to know about two
companies who advertise in rainbow.
Never, in all my life, have I been treated with
such wonderful service and concern. Special
thanks to Sugar Software and Don Dunlop.
Also, my compliments to Computer Pius. I
can't say enough about these people, who
put service and customer satisfaction above
everything else.
Thanks for a fine publication.
Anthony J. Michael
Bryant, Wl
the rainbow welcomes letters to the
editors. Mail should be addressed to: Letters
to Rainbow, The Falsoft Building, P.O. Box
385, Prospect, KY 40059. Letters should
include the writer's full name and address.
Letters may be edited for purposes of clarity
or space.
Letters to the editor may also be sent to
us through the MAIL section of our new
Delphi CoCo SIG. From the CoCo SIG>
prompt, pick MAIL, then type SEND and
address to: EDITORS.
ARTS AND LETTERS
Envelope of the Month
Tom Perrigo
Pawhuska, OK
Next to your computer,
nothing beats
a Tandy * printer*
Tandy printers make fine print quality,
graphics and high performance affordable*
Radio /hack
The Technology Store
A DIVISION OF TANDY CORPORATION
For your best value and selection in
top-quality printers, shop your local
Radio Shack Computer Center. We've
got what you need, whatever your print-
ing requirements.
Versatile Business Printer
The DMP 430* (26-1277, $899) is a
132-column dot-matrix printer with an
18-wire print head that delivers supe-
rior correspondence characters. Choose
from micro, italic and double-high fonts,
as well as bit-image graphics. In the
draft mode, the DMP 430 delivers a fast
180 characters per second.
Low-Cost, Triple-Mode
Personal Printer
The DMP 130* (26-1280, $349.95)
lets you choose from word processing,
data processing and dot-addressable
graphics. Prints in four character styles:
standard or italic cursive in draft or cor-
respondence modes.
Budget-Priced High Performer
The DMP 105 (26-1276, $199.95} is
ideal for data processing and general-
purpose use. Features a bit-image
graphics mode, too.
High-Resolution Ink-Jet Printer
The CGP 220 (26-1268, $599) quietly
prints text and graphics in yellow, vio-
let, red, green, cyan, magenta and
black! And because there's no ribbon to
wear out or become contaminated, the
print quality remains excellent.
See the complete selection of printers
and accessories at Radio Shack today.
TM
r
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Free 1986 computer
catalog!
Send me a copy.
Mail To: Radio Shack
Depl. 86-A-903A
300 One Tandy Center
Fort Worth, Texas 76102
Name
Company
Address _
City
State
ZIP_
Phone
1
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I
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Prices apply at Radio Shack Computer Centers and at participating stores and dealers. DMP 430 requires special order at some locations. *!BM Compatible.
!BM/Reaistered TM International Business Machines Corp.
PRINT#-2,
Your CoCo:
An Investment
for Easing
the High-Tech Pace
A gentleman wrote in a few months back suggesting we publish a
photograph of the behind-the-scenes people here at RAINBOW who
are responsible for its creation each month.
For our curious readers whoVe aspired to see the folks who make THE
RAINBOW, you can refer to last month's (February) cover for one of those
faces. With more modesty than I am able to express, 111 Tess up that that
surprised face is mine.
Although I'm only one of the great crew we Ve got here, come deadline
time we're all running around looking similar to that flabbergasted visage.
Until we make a "family portrait," you've got some idea of what we look
like.
I had advanced notice for the making of that cover, so of course it was
all planned and purposely captured on film. You can imagine the same
expression appeared when I was unexpectedly asked to write this column.
It was deadline week, too.
But I Ve always welcomed serendipity into my life because it's an excellent
way to learn; with that point made, on with the show . . .
Learning is a constant process, an intrinsic part of living that can enrich
the quality of our day-to-day existence. Every experience, be it good, bad
or indifferent, can serve as a course in enlightenment.
This kind of commitment to growth can be good philosophy in a world
that's moving, changing and rearranging more quickly than the average
person can keep up with. I believe at the very core of this accelerated pace
is computer technology, forming today (before we even know it) the basis
for our lifestyles tomorrow.
OK, so this isn't a profound revelation, but this was the rational approach
I tried to implement when, over a year and a half ago, I stepped into the
CoCo world as a copy editor for THE RAINBOW. Feeling quite inadequate,
not to mention intimidated, I had to keep reminding myself of the above
stated logic when surrounded by the wonderful (and occasionally
frustrating) world of computers.
But, my "techno-f right" soon dissipated when I found the camaraderie
that abounded in the CoCo Community, which made my transition into
the computer world an easier task.
I'm sure those who have been learning and discovering on their Color
Computers can share this same sentiment. You obviously foresee these
12
THE RAINBOW March 1 986
Telewriter-64
the Color Computer Word Processor
■ 3 display formats: 51/64/85
columns x 24 lines
■ True lower case characters
■ User-friendly full-screen
editor
■ Right justification
■ Easy hyphenation
■ Drives any printer
■ Embedded format and
control codes
■ Runs in 16K, 32K, or 64K
■ Menu-driven disk and
cassette I/O
■ No hardware modifications
required
THE ORIGINAL
Simply stated, Telewriter is the most powerful
word processor you can buy for the TRS-80
Color Computer, The original Telewriter has
received rave reviews in every major Color
Computer and TRS-80 magazine, as well as
enthusiastic praise from thousands of satisfied
owners. And rightly so.
The standard Color Computer display of 32
characters by 16 lines without lower case is
simply inadequate for serious word processing.
The checkerboard letters and tiny lines give you
no feel for how your writing looks or reads.
Telewriter gives the Color Computer a 5 1
column by 24 line screen display with true
lower case characters. So a Telewriter screen
looks like a printed page, with a good chunk of
text on screen at one time. In fact, more on
screen text than you'd get with Apple II, Atari,
TI, Vic or TRS-80 Model III.
On top of that, the sophisticated Telewriter
full-screen editor is so simple to use, it makes
writing fan. With single-letter mnemonic
commands, and menu-driven I/O and
formatting, Telewriter surpasses all others for
user friendliness and pure power.
Telewriter's chain printing feature means that
the size of your text is never limited by the
amount of memory you have, and Telewriter's
advanced cassette handler gives you a powerful
word processor without the major additional
cost of a disk.
...one of l he best programs for the Color
Computer I have seen...
— Color Computer News, Jan. 1982
TELEWRITER-64
But now we've added more power to
Telewriter. Not just bells and whistles, but
major features that give you total control over
your writing. We call this new supercharged
version Telewriter-64. For two reasons.
64K COMPATIBLE
Telewriter-64 runs fully in any Color Computer
— 16K, 32K, or 64K, with or without Extended
Basic, with disk or cassette or both. It
automatically configures itself to take optimum
advantage of all available memory. That means
that when you upgrade your memory, the
Telewriter-64 text buffer grows accordingly. In
a 64K cassette based system, for example, you
get about 40K of memory to store text. So you
don't need disk or FLEX to put all your 64K
to work immediately.
64 COLUMNS (AND 85!)
Besides the original 51 column screen,
Telewriter-64 now gives you 2 additional high-
density displays: 64 x 24 and 85 x 24!! Both
high density modes provide all the standard
Telewriter editing capabilities, and you can
switch instantly to any of the 3 formats with a
single control key command.
The 51 x 24 display is clear and crisp on the
screen. The two high density modes are more
crowded and less easily readable, but they are
perfect for showing you the exact layout of
your printed page, all on the screen at one
time. Compare this with cumbersome
"windows" that show you only fragments at a
time and don't even allow editing.
RIGHT JUSTIFICATION &
HYPHENATION
One outstanding advantage of the full-width
screen display is that you can now set the
screen width to match the width of your
printed page, so that "what you see is what
you get." This makes exact alignment of
columns possible and it makes hyphenation
simple.
Since short lines are the reason for the large
spaces often found in standard right justified
text, and since hyphenation is the most
effective way to eliminate short lines,
Telewriter-64 can now promise you some of the
best looking right justification you can get on
the Color Computer.
FEATURES & SPECIFICATIONS:
Printing and formatting: Drives any printer
(LPVI1/VIII, DMP-100/200, Epson, Okidata,
Centronics, NEC, C. Itoh, Smith-Corona,
Terminet, etc).
Embedded control codes give full dynamic access to
intelligent printer features like: underlining,
subscript, superscript, variable font and type size, dot-
graphics, etc.
Dynamic (embedded) format controls for: top,
bottom, and left margins; line length, lines per page,
line spacing, new page, change page numbering,
conditional new page, enable/disable justification.
Menu-driven control of these parameters, as well as:
pause at page bottom, page numbering, baud rate (so
you can run your printer at top speed), and Epson
font. "Typewriter" feature sends typed lines directly
to your printer, and Direct mode sends control codes
right from the keyboard. Special Epson driver
simplifies use with MX-80.
Supports single and multi-line hep.ders and automatic
centering. Print or save all or any section of the text
buffer. Chain print any number of files from cassette
or disk.
RAINBOW
CERTIFICATION
SEAL
File and I/O Features: ASCII format files —
create and edit BASIC, Assembly, Pascal, and C
programs, Smart Terminal files (for uploading or
downloading), even text files from other word
processors. Compatible with spelling checkers (like
Spell 'n Fix).
Cassette verify command for sure saves. Cassette auto-
retry means you type a load command only once no
matter where you are in the tape.
Read in, save, partial save, and append files with disk
and/or cassette. For disk: print directory with free
space to screen or printer, kill and rename files, set
default drive. Easily customized to the number of
drives in the system.
Editing features: Fast, full-screen editor with
wordwrap, block copy, block move, block delete, line
delete, global search and replace (or delete), wild card
search, fast auto-repeat cursor, fast scrolling, cursor
up, down, right, left, begin line, end line, top of text,
bottom of text; page forward, page backward, align
text, tabs, choice of buff or green background,
complete error protection, line counter, word counter,
space left, current file name, default drive in effect,
set line length on screen.
Insert or delete text anywhere on the screen without
changing "modes." This fast "free-form" editor
provides maximum ease of use. Everything you do
appears immediately on the screen in front of you.
Commands require only a single key or a single key
plus CLEAR.
...truly a state of the art word processor...
outstanding in every respect.
— The RAINBOW, Jan. 1982
PROFESSIONAL
WORD PROCESSING
You can no longer afford to be without the
power and efficiency word processing brings to
everything you write. The TRS-80 Color
Computer is the lowest priced micro with the
capability for serious word processing. And
only Telewriter-64 fully unleashes that
capability.
Telewriter-64 costs $49.95 on cassette, $59.95
on disk, and comes complete with over 70
pages of well-written documentation. (The step-
by-step tutorial will have your writing with
Telewriter-64 in a matter of minutes.)
To order, send check or money order to:
Cognitec
704 Nob Street
Del Mar, CA 92014
Or check your local software store. If you
have questions, or would like to order by
Visa or Mastercard, call us at (619) 755-1258
(weekdays, 8AM-4PM PST). Dealer
inquiries invited.
(Add $2 for shipping. Californians add 6%
state tax.)
Apple II is a trademark of Apple Computer, Inc.; Atari is a
trademark of Atari, Inc.; TRS-80 is a trademark of Tandy
Corp; MX-80 is a trademark of Epson America, inc.
"And in your
possession is the
perfect tool for
keeping abreast
of this ever-
changing
phenomenon —
the CoCo!"
significant changes and the indica-
tion that the trend for new technol-
ogy will continue. What a challenge!
And in your possession is the perfect
tool for keeping abreast of this ever-
changing phenomenon — the
CoCo!
Now, though I don't confess any
inclination toward yuppiedom, I
even have a CoCo at home. My only
regret is that it doesn't do dishes. (I
suppose it's ironic that I have a
personal computer in my home, but
nothing so modern as a dish-
washer!) So, when Lonnie departed
for vacation and requested that I fill
in his usual slot on these pages, I
enjoyed the prestige and pleasure of
doing it on my CoCo.
And for the first time since joining
the staff here at rainbow, I truly
had the opportunity to combine
creativity with technology. Though
in my particular job capacity I spend
a great deal of time sorting through
pages of technical jargon for RAIN-
BOW articles and making them co-
herent for the self-teaching user, up
until now I've never been able to
brandish my "writer's" pen (or,
more appropriately, word proces-
sor) for the pages of our magazine.
This being our Business and Fi-
nance issue, I think many of you,
whether you're self-employed or
working for a company, can relate
to keeping up with the high-tech
changes that are needed for main-
taining and managing a business
most efficiently. Its success or failure
can depend on it, and you must use
all the resources available.
Your CoCo is an invaluable re-
source for you, and in using it,
you've learned how to take the
necessary steps for acquiring tomor-
row's knowledge.
— Tamara Dunn
Mouse Technological Software
For The Color Computer!
Many Companies call their
Home and Business Software
ONLY ONE CALLS IT
Child's may
TM
Send for
FREE Catalog
TCE BUSINESS DIVISION
P.O. BOX 2477
GAITHERSBURG, MD 20879
1-800-4TC-4TCE
14 THE RAINBOW March 1986
YOU COULD FALL IN LOVE WITH
y AUTOTERM! ,
'IT TURNS YOUR COLOR COMPUTER INTO THE^
WORLD'S
SMARTEST
TERMINAL
GOOD
LOOKIN'
AUTOTERM shows true upper/
lower case in screen widths of 32,
40, 42, 51, or 64 characters with
no split words. The width of 32
has extra large letters. Scrolling is
forward, backward, and fast. Block
graphics pictures are displayed
automatically and can be scrolled.
The screen's top line shows
operating mode, unused memory
size, memory on/off, and caps-
lock on/off. It also gives helpful
prompts.
SWEET
TALKIN'
KEY-BEEP can be on/off. Unac-
ceptable keystrokes cause a lower
pitched BOP! This ERROR-
BEEBOP can be on/off.
Talks to other computers with
Full or Half Duplex; Baud Rate of
110, 150, 300, 600, 1200; Parity as
even, odd, mark, space, none; 7
or 8 bit Word; any Stop Bits; all
128 ASCII characters; true line
Break; XON/XOFF protocol; and
optional line-at-a-time transmis-
sion. Able to send and receive
text, block graphics, BASIC and
ML programs. A 64K machine
holds up to 45,000 characters
(33,300 in HI-RES).
DUAL PROCESSING lets you
review & edit while more data is
coming in.
XMODEM for disk file transfer.
Fully supports D.C. Hayes and
other intelligent modems.
Talks to your printer with any
page size, margins, line spacing,
split word avoidance. Embed your
printer's control sequences for
boldface, underlining, etc. Narrow
text can be automatically spread
out.
You'll also use Autoterm
for simple word processing
and record keeping
You can display directories,
delete files, transmit directly from
disk, and work with files larger
than memory. Easily maintain a
disk copy of an entire session.
Compatible with TELEWRITER
(ASCII) & other word processors.
SMOOTH
WALKIN'
AUTOTERM moves smoothly
and quickly between word proces-
sing and intelligent terminal
action. Create text, correct your
typing errors; then connect to the
other computer, upload your text,
download information, file it. and
sign-off; then edit the received
data, print it in an attractive
format, and/or save it on file.
Editing is super simple with the
cursor. Find strings instantly, too!
Any operating parameter, such as
screen width, can be altered at
any time. Uncompleted com-
mands can be cancelled.
PUTTY IN
YOUR HANDS
The word processor can be
used to create, print, and/or save
on file your personal KSMs. They
let AUTOTERM act like you. For
example, it can dial through your
modem, sign-on, interact, perform
file operations, & sign-off; an
entire session without your help.
KSMs can answer the phone,
prompt the caller, take messages,
save them, hang-up, and wait for
the next call. The KSM potential
is unbelievable!
NO OTHER COMPUTER IN
THE WORLD CAN MATCH
YOUR COCO'S AUTOMATIC
TERMINAL CAPABILITIES!!!
WHAT THE
REVIEWERS SAY
"AUTOTERM is the Best of Class."
Graham, RAINBOW, 6/83
"The AUTOTERM buffer system is
the most sophisticated — and one of
the easiest to use. .
Banta, HOT CoCo, 9/84
"Almost a full featured word
processor. . ."
Ellers, RAINBOW, 11/84
"AUTOTERM's excellent error-
handling routines, thorough docu-
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command structure make it stand
out."
Parker, HOT CoCo, 5/85
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CASSETTE $39.95
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REAL TIME CLOCK
Full featured, yet very easy to use. RTC-10 is a
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Compatible with all known plug-in packs. To
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PC BOARDS for 27XX type proms for above case.
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CALL FOR QUANITY DISCOUNTS
COCO CABLES
All have GOLD plated contacts.
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ADD $3.00 PER ORDER FOR SHIPPING & HANDLING
FOR C.O.D. INCLUDE AN ADDITIONAL $3.00
NY RESIDENTS MUST INCLUDE SALES TAX.
BUILDING MARCH'S RAINBOW
Please Mother Tandy . . .
. . . we'd rather do it ourselves!
Along while ago — it seems like ages — I got my first Color Computer
"system." I had the fever. And, without even a hint of the long journey
I was embarking on, less than 14 hours after I got my setup, I was off
to Radio Shack on the first of countless treks to get something to enhance my
configuration. Seems the old Vivitar tape recorder I had figured on using just
wasnt quite right; I needed a computer tape recorder. Oh well, I thought, at
least now I'll have everything I need.
Whew, and double whew, was I ever wrong! All too soon, I had to have a
Line Printer VII. Then the CoCo's own TV, a modem, lowercase board, new
keyboard, 64K chips instead of "piggybacked" 16Ks, green screen monitor and
video driver, one, then two disk drives, a new and better printer, bigger TV,
RS-232 switch box, LEDs for this and that, 80-column board, RS-232 Pak,
and power strips plugged into other power strips. Every time I pass through
the electrical department of a hardware store I check the prices on power strips.
The tangle of cables and cords and Y-everythings under my desk at home is
mind-boggling — and I'm not even a true hardware hacker.
I'm not alone! No sir. Wonder how many rolls of wire, spools of solder, red-
handled pliers and yellow-and-black screwdriver sets Radio Shack has sold to
CoCo owners? How many wire strippers? Rolls of black electrical tape? How
many of us are Radio Shack junkies?
Well, looking back, I realize I've gotten an immense amount of pleasure out
of adding all the "extras" over the last three years. Got my own customized
configuration, too. While I have yet to get a Multi-Pak Interface or a 1200 Baud
modem, and I use OS-9 only when I play Trivia Fever, my CoCo conglomer-
ation dominates an entire room in my home, has its own separate, but still
overloaded circuit and, count 'em, two phone lines and three telephones. While
I'm not even in the same league with the hard-core solder artists, I'm sure there
couldn't be another computer setup like it anywhere. It's been lovingly
assembled, like a component hi-fi system. But my case is hardly unique. Your
own custom installation is likely just as user-modified, eclectic and personalized
as mine. It's the CoCo way to go.
Yes, I also use a streamlined, doesn't-need-me-for-anything, state-of-the-art,
hard-disk MS-DOS machine in my office along with my "work" CoCo, but
it will never engender that special feeling I have for my CoCo at home. My
CoCo "grew up" right here, and became part of the family.
So, listen up, Tandy. Yes, we want memory, speed and software compatibility
in that new machine you're dragging your heels on. But, just as importantly,
we want hardware adaptability. Then, we're likely to be forgiving if it doesn't
have a whatever; we'll just add one ourselves. Give us 512 million K and our
third-party suppliers will be bank-switching it in a month. Give us a bell; we'll
make it whistle.
A lot of us are going to break that warranty seal in a matter of minutes and
we're going to be looking for something to modify, to upgrade, to amend, to
redefine, to add on — and we'll most likely get the toggle switches, project
boards and other nuts and bolts from the neighborhood Radio Shack. So, don't
get too slick and don't worry so much about the loose ends. The CoCo crowd
is clamoring for new challenges. Let's see it in the stores this summer! We'll
smooth out any rough edges; it's a part of the natural evolution of a great
computer. Enough of this fidgeting in the nest, shove that fledgling on out and
the CoCo Community will teach it to fly!
— Jim Reed
16
THE RAINBOW March 1 986
Have you yet subscribed to
COCO TIME
A monthly magazine on tape and disk
Now every month you can get 8-1 0 ready-
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18
THE HAINBOW
A nonviolent game for children . .
Set your Sails,
Keep a Weather Eye out for Storms
and Beware of the Jolly Roger!
By David Compton
everal times I have seen in the pages
of RAINBOW a plea for nonviolent
games for children. World Trader
is written for the young child, perhaps a
second or third grader. Even younger
children can use it with parental help.
World Trader is a text Adventure, but
the reading is kept to a minimum. It
essentially seeks to teach children the names
of some countries and the products for
which they are best known. The player
can't "lose" the game; he is just sent back
to the beginning to start over. At the same
time, there is an element of nonfatal
excitement — pirates or storms may strike
David Compton, chairman of the language depart-
ment at an eastern prep school, lives in Suffield,
Connecticut. Much of his programming time is spent
in developing foreign language programs.
March 1986 THE RAINBOW 19
at any moment, costing you money, or
you may arrive in a country to sell your
goods, only to find that your customers
aren't interested!
All of the instructions are given at the
beginning of the game, but here's a
summary: The idea is to earn $25,000 or
more by buying merchandise in one
country and selling it at a profit in
another. Note that you may have only
one of each item in your hold at any one
time. Only four commands are needed
by the player, GO, which presents a list
of 10 countries you may travel to; BUY,
which displays what the inhabitants
have for sale (and reduces your cash on
hand if you decide to buy); SELL,
which disposes of your cargo and up-
dates your cash; and INV, which in-
forms you what's in your cargo hold.
The player must also bear in mind
that each time he uses the command
GO, his funds are reduced by $100 to
pay the cost of shipping and salaries for
the crew. The first few trips should be
made carefully, or the captain (you) will
quickly run out of money.
(Any questions about this program
may be sent to the author at 252 N.
Main Street, Suffield, CT 06078, phone
203-668-5302. Please enclose an SASE
when writing.) □
130 88
280 11
460 81
600 252
END 230
The listing: TRADER 1 1
1/3 'TRADER
12 1 BY DAVID COMPTON, 252 N. MA
IN ST. , SUFFIELD, CT 06078
13 'COPYRIGHT 1985
20 CLS
30 AA$="THE GAME OF" : BB$=" WORLD
TRADER" : PRINT@208- (LEN (AA$) *. 5) ,
AA$:PRINT@272-(LEN(BB$) *.5) ,BB$
40 FOR DL= 1T02 000 \ NEXT : CLS
50 PRINT" IN THIS GAME, YOU STA
RT WITH A SHIP AND $1000. THE O
BJECT IS TO TRAVEL AROUND THE WO
RLD, BUYING AND SELLING, UNT
IL YOU EITHER RUN OUT OF MONEY
OR EARN ENOUGH TO RETIRE."
60 PRINT" EACH VOYAGE WILL COST
YOU $100. IN ADDITION, YOU'
LL HAVE TO BE CAREFUL OF PIRATE
S AND STORMS."
70 PRINT" YOUR CREW UNDERSTANDS
THE COM-MANDS ' GO ' , ' BUY ' , ' SEL
L ' AND ' INV ■ ( INVENTORY ) . "
80 PRINT@448 , "PRESS ANY KEY TO B
EGIN"
90 IFINKEY$=" "THEN90
10 0 CLS
110 WE=1000:W$=" $$##,###"
120 DIMCN$(10,8)
130 DATA BRAZIL, BRAZILIANS, COFFE
E , 500 , 0 , RELICS ,2000 ,0
140 DATA HOLLAND , DUTCH , CHOCOLATE
, 100 , 0 , DIAMONDS , 10000 , 0
150 DATA FRANCE , FRENCH , WINE ,1000
, 0 , CHEESE ,250,0
160 DATA GERMANY, GERMANS, BEER, 30
0,0, CLOTHING ,1000,0
170 DATA NORWAY, NORWEGIANS, FISH,
200 ,0 , CRYSTAL, 5000 ,0
180 DATA CHINA, CHINESE, TEA, 100 ,0
, SPICES ,2000,0
190 DATA ARGENTINA, ARGENTINES , BE
EF, 1000 ,0 , HORSES ,3000,0
200 DATA ITALY, ITALIANS, PASTA, 35
0,0, STATUES , 6000 ,0
210 DATA DENMARK, DANES, FURNITURE
,5000 ,0 , CLOTH, 1000 ,0
220 DATA INDIA, INDIANS, IVORY, 850
0,0, FABRICS ,700,0
2 30 FORX=1TO10 : FORY=lT08 : READCN$
(X,Y) :NEXTY,X
240 PRINT"YOU BEGIN YOUR VOYAGE
IN LONDON . YOU HAVE " ; : PRINTUS INGW
$;WE
250 PRINTSTRING$(32, "$") ;
260 IFWE>24999THENPRINT"YOU HAVE
" ; : PRINTUS INGW$ ;WE : PRINT "A SUCCE
SSFUL VOYAGE 1 YOU RETURN TO ENGL
AND IN TRIUMPH !": END
270 PRINT "YOUR ORDERS, SIR?"
280 INPUTO$
290 IFO$="SELL"THENGOTO420
300 IFO$="BUY"THENGOTO560
310 IFO$="GO"THENFORX=1TO10 : PRIN
TX;CN$(X,1) :NEXT:GOTO340
320 IFO$="INV"THENGOTO720
330 PRINT" I DON'T UNDERSTAND, CA
PTAIN":GOTO250
340 INPUTDE:IFDE<1ORDE>10THEN250
20 THE RAINBOW March 1986
350 GOSUB670
360 CLS : L$=CN$ (DE, 1) : PRINT "YOU A
RE IN ";CN$(DE,1)
37) 3 WE=WE-100
38) 3 PRINT"YOU HAVE" ; : PRINTUSINGW
$;WE
39) 3 IFWE<0THENPRINT"WE 1 RE OUT OF
MONEY , CAPTAIN. WE'LL HAVE T
0 RETURN TO ENGLAND TO GET A LOA
N. " : FORX=1TO2000 : NEXT : END
400 GOTO250
410 i ********SELL*******
42) 3 FORD=1TO10 : IFCN$ (D, 5) =" 1" THE
N450ELSENEXTD
43) 3 FORD=1TO10: IFCN$ (D, 8) ="1"THE
N450ELSENEXTD
44) 3 PRINT "YOU HAVE NOTHING TO SE
LL.":GOT027)3
45) 3 IFRND(10)=6THENPRINT"THE ";C
N$(DE,2) ;" AREN'T": PRINT" INTERES
TED IN BUYING. 11 : 0$="GO" : GOT03 1)3
46) 3 PRINT "THE " ;CN$ (DE, 2) 7 " WILL
\ BUY ";
47) 3 FORX=1TO10: IFCN$ (X, 5) = "1 "THE
NPRINTCN$ (X, 3 ) : PRINT"SOLD FOR" ; :
PRINTUS INGW$ ; VAL ( CN$ ( X , 4 ) ) + ( . 3 *V
AL(CN$(X, 4) ) ) :WE=WE+VAL(CN$(X,4)
)+(.3*VAL(CN$(X,4)))
480 CN$(X,5)="0"
49)3 NEXTX
500 FORX=1TO10 : IFCN$ (X, 8) ="1"THE
NPRINTCN$ (X, 6) : PRINT "SOLD FOR" ; :
PRINTUSINGW$ ; VAL ( CN$ ( X , 7 ) ) + ( . 3 *V
AL(CN$(X,7) ) ) :WE=WE+VAL(CN$(X,7)
)+(.3*VAL(CN$(X,7) ) )
510 CN$(X,8)="0"
520 NEXTX
530 PRINT"YOU HAVE" ;: PRINTUSINGW
$;WE
540 GOTO250
550 ' *******BUY******
560 PRINT "THE " ; CN$ (DE , 2 ) ; " WISH
TO SELL: " : PRINTCN$ (DE , 3 ) , : PRINT
USINGW$;VAL(CN$ (DE, 4) ) :PRINTCN$(
DE , 6 ) , : PRINTUS INGW$ ; VAL ( CN$ ( DE , 7
))
570 PRINT"WHICH WILL YOU BUY?"
580 INPUTBU$
590 IFBU$OCN$(DE / 3)ANDBU$OCN$(
DE,6)THENPRINT"THEY DON'T HAVE A
NY FOR SALE"
600 IFBU$=CN$(DE,3)THENIFWE<VAL(
CN$ (DE , 4 ) ) THENPRINT " NOT ENOUGH M
ONEY" : GOTO250
610 IFBU$=CN$(DE,6)THENIFWE<VAL(
CN$ (DE, 7) ) THENPRINT "NOT ENOUGH M
ONEY":GOTO250
620 IFBU$=CN$(DE,3)THENCN$(DE,5)
="1":WE=WE-VAL(CN$(DE,4) )
630 IFBU$=CN$(DE,6)THENCN$(DE,8)
=" 1 " : WE=WE-VAL ( CN$ ( DE , 7 ) )
640 PRINT"YOU HAVE" ;: PRINTUSINGW
$;WE
650 GOTO250
660 END
670 CA=RND ( -TIMER) :CA=RND( 10)
680 IFCA=1THENLO=RND(10) *10:PRIN
T" YOU' RE ATTACKED BY PIRATES DUR
- ING THE VOYAGE. THEY STEAL SOM
E OF YOUR MONEY. " : WE=WE-LO: FORDL
=1TO4000 : NEXTDL : RETURN
690 IFCA=2THENLO=RND (10) *10 : PRIN
T"A BAD STORM! SEA WATER DAMAGES
YOUR CARGO. YOU'VE LOST $";LO;
" IN MERCHANDISE . " : WE=WE-LO : FORDL
=1T04 000 : NEXTDL : RETURN
700 RETURN
710 • ***********INV******
720 FORD=1TO10:IFCN$ (D,5)="1"THE
NPRINT CN$(D,3)
730 NEXTD
740 FORD=1TO10 : IFCN$ (D , 8 ) ="1"THE
N PRINTCN$(D,6)
750 NEXT D
760 GOTO250
Co Co - Cooler tS*>
• Brings operating
temperature
to ambient,
regardless
of
accessory
load
• Reduces
tempera-
ture of
ENTIRE computer.. . not
just the SAM chip
• Easy 1-minute installation
• $44.95
Companion Keyboard Cover $9.95
Send For Free Catalog Of Co Co Software & Computerware
• For Fastest Service Send Money; Order Or Certified Check
• Add $2.50 Shipping For Continental U.S.
• Add $4.00 Shipping For: AK, HI APO's, P. O. Boxes, & Canada
• Add $15.00 Shipping For Overseas
• Add $3.00 For 220-250 Volt Model
• California Residents Add 6 l A% Sales Tax
• Add $3.00 For C.O.D.
REM Industries, Inc.
9420 "B"Lurline Ave., Chatsworth, CA 91311
(818) 341-3719
March 1986
THE RAINBOW
21
then be asked the date. Enter it in the
same format the example; shows, then
press ENTER. You will then be asked if
the information given was correct.
(When entering new data you will
always be asked if the information
provided was correct.)
Next you will be asked for a "Receipt
number. " You must enter a number.
This is the number the program uses for
filing. It also must be a number different
from one already on file. The best bet
is to give the receipt a number incre-
mented by one over the preceding
receipt. For the first one, enter 001.
You will now be asked to enter "Re-
ceived of." Here you may enter the
name of your customer.
Next comes the "Dollar amount
paid." This is exactly what it says. Enter
this like the example shows.
Now we come to "Amount of Ac-
count." This is the total purchase price.
You can use the balance due from any
previous payment of the same account.
This will be printed on the receipt with
the amount paid and a balance due. If
the amount of account is the same as the
amount paid, simply enter the amount
paid here again if you wish. If not, press
ENTER. i
Finally we come to the comment line.
Enter anything you wish; however, it is
customary to use this for what was
purchased, or the nature of the transac-
tion. If you are the purchaser, you might
want to enter the name of the other
party, so if the hard copy is lost you will
still have the information come tax
i
time. There is a 30 character space here.
You now find yourself back at the
main menu. If you want to examine the
information to be printed and/ or saved,
press '3'. If any of the information is
wrong, press 'M' to return to the main
menu and press '2' to re-enter all the
data. If everything is correct, the receipt
can be printed or saved to disk. Press
'M' to get back to the menu.
figure
MENU
DISK
HEW
121
131
IQ3
examine
DATA
PRINT
QUIT
RECEIPT
'gore 2
tells the printer to print two receipts.
Before answering this prompt make
sure your printer is on and ready to go.
After printing, you will be returned to
the main menu. Here you may save the
data (if not previously saved), enter new
data or look at and/ or load previous
accounts.
Entering Data from Disk
To load data from disk, first get to the
disk menu by pressing Ton the main
menu. The easiest way to load is to press
T from the disk menu. A list of receipt
numbers will appear on the screen
preceded by a number; for example: 1)
001. To load receipt #001, press T and
ENTER and the file will load. If you
already know the receipt number, press
Figure 3
6/25/86
JOHN Q. SMITH
AMT. OF ACCOUNT
$302.43 /
AMT. PAID
$259.99 /
BALANCE DUE
$42.44
COMMENTS : PART
# 35771
PRESS [M]
FOR MENU
[2]
[3]
[M]
'2' on the disk menu and enter the
number at the prompt.
After loading, you will automatically
be in the examine mode (Figure 3).
From there you can print out a receipt,
load a different receipt or enter new
data.
As with all programs, this one can be
modified to your specific needs. Some
ideas might be to incorporate a different
filing system if you are in a higher
volume business. To enter data faster,
you could hack off everything after the
line input statements in lines 240
through 270 and in Line 280 after the
BD$=5TR$( BD ) statement. A line could
also be added in the printer routine that
would print a line under the receipt for
written comments. □
Saving to Disk
If you are planning to save this data
on disk, it can be done now or after
printing the receipt.
To save on disk, press '1' for the disk
menu (Figure 2). Here again there will
be five choices. Since we are saving
data, press '3*. You will then be asked
to press ENTER for save or 'M' f or menu.
After the save is completed, you will be
returned to the main menu.
Printing the Receipt
To print the receipt, press '4\ You will
be asked if you want a copy. Pressing 'Y'
Figure 4
MO - 001
Rece i ve-cd o -F"
C* -fc- 6^25^96
J OHN Q. SMITH
AMT. OF ACCOUNT 302.43
AMT. PRID _259 JL ?S'
SfllRHCj: Q UE *ZJ>±
109
CUTS FRRT #33771
- — 1 ■
—
March 1 986 THE RAINBOW 23
170 .
205
290 .
20
440 .
. .142
610
183
840 .
85
1090
190
END
72
T
The listing: RECEIPT
10 CLEAR
20 CLEAR5000
30 VERIFY ON
40 DIMP$(35 / 2)
50 CLS : PRINT@46 , "MENU" : PRINT@165
,"[1] DISK MENU":PRINT@229, "
[2] ENTER NEW DATA" : PRINT@29
3, "[3] EXAMINE": PRINT© 3 5 7, "[
41 PRINT RECEIPT" :PRINT@421,
" [Q] QUIT PROGRAM"
60 AN$=INKEY$:IFAN$=""GOTO60
70 IFAN$="Q"GOTO130
80 IFAN$="1"GOTO140
90 IFAN$="2"GOTO220
100 IFAN$="3"GOTO520
110 IFAN$="4"GOTO760
120 GOTO60
130 GOSUB570:CLS:END
140 CLS : PRINT@44 , "DISK MENU":PRI
NT@165,"[1] DIRECTORY OF FIL
ES":PRINT@229,"[2] LOAD FROM
DISK":PRINT@293, " [3] SAVE T
O DISK":PRINT@357,"[M] MAIN
MENU" :PRINT@ 421, " [Q] QUIT PR
OGRAM"
150 I$=INKEY$:IFI$=""GOTO150
16,0 IFI$=
170 IFI$=
180 IFI$=
190 IFI$=
200 IFI$=
"l"GOT011^
"2"G0T045J3
"3"G0T037J3
"M"GOTO50
"Q"GOT013j3
210 GOT015J3
220 'ENTER DATA ROUTINE
230 GOSUB570
240 CLS:PRINT@103, "ENTER RECEIPT
DATE":PRINT@13 6," (EX. 6/25/85) "
: LINE INPUT" " ; D$ : GOSUB
340:PRINT@320," -"D$"-":GOS
UB320 : IFI$="N"GOTO240
250 CLS : PRINT @10 3, "ENTER RECEIPT
#":PRINT@136," (EX. 001) " : LINEIN
PUT" " ;N$:GOSUB340:PRIN
T@320," -"N$"-":GOSUB320:IFI
$="N"GOTO250
260 CLS :PRINT@103, "ENTER RECEIVE
D OF" :PRINT@134 , " (EX. JOHN Q. SM
ITH) " :LINEINPUT" " ;RO$ :GOSUB34
0:PRINT@320 / " -"RO$"-" : GOSUB
320:IFI$="N"THEN260
270 CLS : PRINT § 100, "ENTER DOLLAR
AMOUNT PAID" : PRINT@134 , " (EX. 259
.99 OR 499) ":LINEINPUT"
" ; DO$ : DO=VAL ( DO$ ) : GOSUB3 40 : PRINT
@322," -"; :PRINTUSING»$$###.##»
;DO; : PRINT"-" :GOSUB320:IFI$="N"T
HEN270
280 CLS:PRINT@99, "ENTER TOTAL AM
T. OF ACCOUNT" :PRINT@13 5, " (EX. 3
02.43 OR 500) 11 :LINEINPUT"
" ; TA$ : TA=VAL ( TA$ ) : BD= ( T A-DO )
:BD$=STR$ (BD) :GOSUB340:PRINT@323
-"; :PRINTUSING"$$####.##»;TA
?: PRINT"-" : GOSUB320 : IFI$="N"THEN
280
290 CLS :PRINT@102, "ENTER COMMENT
LINE" : PRINT@134 , " (EX. PART #357
71) " : PRINT@223 , 11 ] " : PRINT@192 , " [ "
; ! LINEINPUTC$
300 IFLEN(C$)>30GOTO360
310 GOSUB570:GOTO50
320 I$=INKEY$:IFI$=""THEN320
330 RETURN
340 PRINT® 2 90, "YOU ENTERED-" : PRI
NT@354,"IS THAT CORRECT? (Y/N)":
RETURN
350 GOTO50
360 CLS :PRINT@170, "LINE TO LONG"
:FOR T=1TO500:NEXTT:GOTO290
370 'DISK ROUTINE
380 BD$=STR$(BD)
390 CLS : PRINT© 16 6 , "HIT <ENTER> T
O SAVE" : PRINT@232 , "OR <M> FOR ME
NU"
400 I$=INKEY$:IFI$=""GOTO400
410 IFI$="M"GOTO50
420 IFI$=CHR$(13)GOTO440
430 GOTO400
440 GOSUB570 : CLS : GOSUB580 : GOSUB7
40 : GOSUB570 : GOTO50
450 CLS : PRINT@170 , "ENTER FILE #"
: PRINT@330 , " [M] FOR MENU"
460 PRINT@242, "] " :PRINT@23 6, " [";
: LINEINPUTN$
470 Z=LEN(N$) :IFZ>5GOTO450
480 IFN$="M"GOTO50
490 CLS :PRINT@168, "LOADING #";N$
: PRINT© 1 8 2 , STRING$ ( 10 , 3 2 )
500 GOSUB570:GOSUB580:GOSUB750:G
OSUB670
510 TA=VAL(TA$) :DO=VAL(DO$) :BD=V
AL(BD$)
520 BD= (TA-DO)
530 CLS:PRINT@1, "#" ;N$:PRINT@20,
D$ : PRINT© 67 ,RO$ : PRINT@131 , "AMT.
OF ACCOUNT "; :PRINTUSING"$$###.
##";TA:PRINT@201,"AMT. PAID ";:
PRINTUS ING" $$###.##"; DO: PRINT@2 6
3 , "BALANCE DUE " ; : PRINTUS ING" $$
###.##" ;BD: PRINT@323 , "COMMENTS:
";c$
540 PRINT@458 , " [M] FOR MENU"
550 I$=INKEY$:IFI$="M"GOTO50
560 GOTO550
570 CLOSE* 1: RETURN
24 THE RAINBOW March 1986
«
580 OPEN"D», #1,N$,110
590 FIELD#1, 10 AS XTA$,10 AS XD
$,10 AS XDO$,10 AS XBD$,30 AS XR
O$,30 AS XC$,10 AS XDT$
600 LSET XTA$=TA$
610 LSET XD$=DY$
620 LSET XDO$=DO$
630 LSET XBD$=BD$
640 LSET XRO$=RO$
650 LSET XC$=C$
660 LSET XDT$=D$
670 TA$=XTA$
680 D$=XDT$
690 DO$=XDO$
700 BD$=XBD$
710 RO$=XRO$
720 C$=XC$: RETURN
730 RETURN
740 PUT#1: RETURN
750 GET # 1 : RETURN
760 • PRINTER ROUTINE
770 CLS:PRINT§133 , "DO YOU WANT A
COPY FOR":PRINT@165,"FOR YOUR R
ECORDS ALSO? » : PRINT@205 , " ( Y/N) "
780 PC$=INKEY$:IFPC$=""GOTO780
790 IF PC$="Y" THEN PC=2
800 IFPC$="Y"ORPC$="N"GOTO820
810 GOTO780
820 CLS:PRINT@236 , "PRINTING"
830 POKE149,0:POKE150,41: • 1200BA
UD
840 FORPP=lTOPC
850 U$=CHR$ (15) : 'UNDERLINING ON
860 DU$=CHR$ ( 14 ):' LINING OFF
870 E$=CHR$(31) : ' DOUBLEWIDTH/ON
880 DE$=CHR$(30) : 'D.W./OFF
890 NO$="NO. ":DT$="Date »:RC$="R
eceived of" : DL$ = " DOLLARS "
900 AC$="AMT. OF ACCOUNT "
910 AP$=" AMT. PAID "
920 BD$=" BALANCE DUE "
930 LF$=STRING$ ( 2 , 10 ) : S $=CHR$ ( 3 2
)
940 PRINT#-2,U$;STRING$(80,32) ;S
TRING$(2,10) ;DU$
9 50 PRINT# -2 , E$ ; NO$ ; DE $ ; U$ ; S $ ; N$
; S$ ; DU$ ; STRING$ ( 4 6 , 3 2 ) ; E$ ; DT$ ; DE
$ ;U$ ; S$ ; D$ ; S$ ; DU$ ; LF$
960 LR=LEN(RO$) :LS=(47-LR)
970 PRINT # - 2 , E $ ; RC$ ; DE $ ; U$ ; S $ ; S $
; S$ ; S$ ; S $ ; RO$ ; STRING $ ( LS , 3 2 ) ; DU$
;LF$
980 PRINT#-2,U$;STRING$(30,32) ;E
$; :PRINT#-2 f USING"$$###. ##";DO; :
PRINT#-2 , DE$ ; STRING$ (11,42); DU$ ;
E$;DL$;DE$
990 PRINT#-2,U$;STRING$(25,32) ;D
U$;STRING$(28,32) ;"100"
1000 PRINT#-2,AC$; : PRINT #-2 .US IN
G"####.##";TA
1010 C=LEN(C$) :CL=(32-C)
1020 PRINT#-2 f AP$;U$; :PRINT#-2,U
SING" ####.##"; DO ; : PRINT#-2 , DU$ ; S
TRING$ (15,32);" CMTS " ; U$ ; C$ ; STR
ING$(CL,32) ;DU$
1030 PRINT#-2,U$;BD$; :PRINT#-2,U
SING"####.##";BD;;PRINT#-2,CHR$(
32)
1040 PRINT#-2,CHR$(10) ;DU$;STRIN
G$ ( 4 3 , 3 2 ) ; E$ ; " $ " ; DE $ ; U$ ; STRING $ (
32,32)
1050 PRINT#-2,U$;STRING$(80,32) ;
DU$
1060 PRINT#-2,STRING$(10,10)
1062 IFPC=2GOTO1065
1063 GOTO 10 70
1065 IFPP=lTHENPRINT#-2 , STRING$ (
38,10)
1070 NEXTPP
1080 GOTO50
1090 CLS : END
1100 CLS t • DIRECTORY ROUTINE
1110 CLEAR
1120 GOSUB570
1130 FORZ=3T011
1140 DSKI$0,17,Z,A$,B$
1150 X$=A$:GOSUB1190
1160 X$=B$:GOSUB1190
1170 NEXTZ
1180 GOTO1280
1190 F0RJ=1T0128STEP32
1200 R=R+1
1210 P$(R,1)=MID$(X$,J,8)
1220 IFLEFT$(P$(R,1) ,1)=CHR$(255
) THENR=R-1 : GOTO 12 80
1230 IFLEFT$(P$(R,1) ,1)=CHR$(0)T
HENR=R- 1 : GOTO 12 60
1240 P$(R,2)=MID$(X$,J+8,3)
1250 IFP$(R,2)<>"DAT"THENR=R-1
1260 NEXT J
1270 RETURN
1280 FORK=lTOR
1290 PRINTUSING"##";K; : PRINT"] #
";p$(k,i),
1300 IFK=R THENPRINT,
1310 NEXTK
1320 LCN=480
1330 PRINT@LCN, "LOAD WHICH FILE
(M FOR MENU) " ; : INPUTP1$
1340 IFP1$="M"GOTO140
1350 P=VAL(P1$)
1360 IFP<10RP>R THENLCN=448:GOTO
1330
1370 FILE$=P$(P,1)
1380 N$=FILE$
1390 GOTO490
March 1986 THE RAINBOW 25
2K 1
1
< B [
1
*
■■ 1
uter Workout
By William Talada
A
fter many unsuccessful at-
tempts to be home when an
exercise program was on tele-
vision, I finally decided that the
only way I would exercise was if I had
a program readily available to show me
how to do each exercise and keep track
of the time for me. Hence, Workout was
developed.
Workout is designed to give maxi-
mum conditioning to the heart, lungs
and muscles in the least amount of time.
Just CLOflD or LORD and RUN. You will
see credits and a title page displayed,
and you are asked to enter your current
exercise level. If you don't respond
within five seconds, the program de-
faults to an intermediate level, which
can be changed by editing Line 150.
Next, you will have time to warm up
and stretch out to five different recom-
mended exercises. After stretching, lie
down and take your pulse for 15 sec-
onds. The given resting pulse rate is for
a healthy person. It should be your main
goal to lower your resting heart rate.
The instructions that follow the name
of each exercise should be followed even
if your television partner doesn't. There
are 10 seconds of pause and 10 seconds
of exercise repeated three times for each
of the 15 exercises. Afterwards, there is
Bill Talada has been programming in
BASIC, COBOL and RPG II for two years
now. He is mostly self-taught, program-
ming only when he can sneak out of bed
at 5 o'clock in the morning without
waking his wife, Robyn.
March 1986 THE RAINBOW 27
I
time to take an exercise heart rate. If
you don't reach the minimum rate, your
workout was of little benefit to you.
Again, the numbers are for a young,
healthy person. Allow two beats less for
every 10 years of age over 30. The
program ends after a cool-down and
recovery heart rate. The 15 minute
workout lasts 23 minutes including
warm-up and cool-down.
As with all exercise programs, it is
recommended that you check with your
physician before undertaking Workout.
(Any questions regarding Workout
can be directed to Mr. Talada at 739
Sunset Road, Wrightsville, PA 17368.
Please include an SASE when writ-
ing.) □
I
n=-.
244
700
. , .224
179
760
, 209
104
840
203
254
920
, 89
68
END
...168
The listing: WORKOUT
10 1 DOWN ARROW BYPASSES WARM-UP,
TO CHANGE RELATIVE EXERCISES OR
DEFAULT SPEED EDIT LINES 140-150
20 CLEAR2000 : CLS : PCLS : PCLEAR8
30 R$="ND4R2E2R4F3D2G3U2H5F2L1D1
BF3L1BD1NR2G1U1L1NU1L1H1U1L2 " : F$
="ND4R2E2R5F3D2G3L2E2U4H2BD2L1BD
2L1U1BH1G1D2F1BR2R1BD2L3H2L2"
4)3 PRINT@135, "BILL TALADA" : PRINT
@168, "PRESENTS"
50 D$="D20R3E3F3R3U4BE3F2R1E2U6H
2L1G2D6BG3F4R3E4D4R3U6BE3D1F4U6G
1L3BG3F6R4U9F9U3F3R3E4D1F3R5E3U1
4R4D17R3U17R6U3L16D14G2L1H2U14L3
D4BG3H2L1G2D6F2R1E2U6BE3H4L3G4D1
0H6E8L4G6U6L3D3H3BD4D3G1L3U5R3F1
BU4L7D4H4L3G4U4L3D16H3G3U16L3 "
60 PMODE1 , 1 : PCLS : DRAW"BM30 , 60S 9 "
+D$: PAINT (32 ,62) ,6,8
7)3 PMODE1,3:PCLS:DRAW"BM25,70S10
"+D$: PAINT (27, 72) ,6,8
80 PM0DE1,5:PCLS:DRAW"BM2)3,7)3S11
"+D$: PAINT (2 2, 72) ,6,8
9)3 PMODE1,7:PCLS:DRAW"BM15,70S12
»+D$:PAINT(17,72) ,6,8
I) 3)3 FORX=lT07 STEP2 : PMODE1 , X : SCR
EEN1 , 1 : PLAY " 01V2 5T2 5 5ECECECECECE
CECEC" :NEXTX: F0RX=1T04 : PLAY"T98D
FEAGBC" : NEXT : F0RX=1T0999 : NEXT
II) 3 CLS: PRINT: PRINT "THE EXERCISE
PROGRAM IS DESIGNEDTO GIVE ALL
MUSCLES AN INTENSE WORKOUT AS W
ELL AS IMPROVING THE HEART AN
D LUNGS."
12) 3 PRINT: PRINT "YOU MUST EXERCIS
E AT LEAST FOUR TIMES A WEEK TO
GAIN THE FULL BENEFIT OF THIS
PROGRAM . "
13) 3 PRINT: PRINT "ENTER SPEED
BEGINNER TO EXP
ERT 1-5":SP=VAL(INKEY$)
14) 3 TIMER=0:PE$="111139325111139
":' RELATIVE SPEEDS FOR EACH EXER
CISE l=SLOW 9=FAST
15) 3 SPEED=VAL(INKEY$) :IF TIMER>4
J3)3 THEN SPEED=4 : ' DEFAULT VALUE
SET SPEED= TO 1 SLOW 5 FAST
16) 3 SP=SP*SP
17) 3 IF SP<1 OR SP>25THEN150
18) 3 CLS: PRINT: PRINT" STRETCH Y
OUR MUSCLES WHILE FOLLOWING
ALONG WITH THESE RECOMMEND
ED EXERCISES:"
19) 3 PRINT: PRINT :FORY=lT05:READEX
$ : PRINT EX$ : PLAY "ABCP4 ABC" : TIMER
-J3
2)3)3 PRINT@187+32*Y, 3)3-INT (TIMER/
60) :A$=INKEY$:IF A$=CHR$(1)3) THE
N TIMER=1808
21)3 IF TIMER>18)39 THEN NEXT Y EL
SE 200
220 GOSUB960
230 PRINT: PRINT" YOU SHOULD HAVE
COUNTED 15 OR LESS FOR YOUR RE
STING HEART RATE"
240 PRINT : PRINT"WE ARE NOW READY
TO BEGIN." :FORX=lTO 3000: NEXT
250 CLS : FORX=lT015 : P$=MID$ (PE$ , X
,1) :PE=VAL(P$)
260 IF X=ll THEN GOSUB1000
28 THE RAINBOW March 1986
270 C=2-RND(2) :F=9-RND(2)
280 PRINT @ 6 8, "REPETITIONS 1":PR
INT@164, "EXERCISE "X
290 READE$:PRINT@260,E$
300 READI$ : IF X=12THENI$="ELBOWS
IN AGAINST SIDES" ELSE IF X=13T
HENI$=" RIGHT ARM DOWN" ELSE IF
X=14THENI$="HEEL TO OUTSIDE OF
HAND"
310 PRINT@353 , 1$ : PRINT§426 , "REST
ii
32) 3 IF C=0 THEN D=6 ELSE D=5 : E=7
-RND(2) :TIMER=0
33) 3 F0RZ=1T05STEP2
34) 3 READD$ : PMODE1 , Z : COLOR 7,D:PC
LS : DRAWD$ : PAINT (255 ,19 1) ,E,7: REA
D A, B: PAINT (A, B) , F , 7 : READA , B : PAI
NT(A,E) ,7, 7: IF X=4 OR X=13THENPA
INT (145, 55) ,E,7
350 NEXT Z
360 FORY=lT03:PMODEl,l:IF TIMER>
420 AND TIMER<1200 THEN TIMER=42
0 ELSE TIMER=0
370 PRINT§80 ,Y:V=INT (TIMER/ 60) :V
=9-V:PRINT@431,V
380 IF TIMER>420 THEN SCREEN!, C
ELSE370
390 IF TIMER>590 THEN400ELSE390
400 PLAY"O2L30;F"
410 FOR Z=1T05 STEP4 : PMODE1 , Z : PL
AY"C" * SCREENING: FOR S=1TO1400 ST
EP SPEED+PE : NEXTS : PMODE1 , 3 : SCREE
Nl,C:FOR S=1TO700 STEP SPEED+PE:
NEXTS, Z
420 IF TIMER<1200 THEN400
430 NEXTY , X
4 40 FOR X=1TO3000 : NEXT : GOSUB9 60
450 PRINT: PRINT "YOUR EXERCISE HE
ART RATE SHOULD BE BETWEEN 32 AN
D 45 DEPENDING ON YOUR AGE."
460 PRINT: PRINT "IF YOU COUNTED M
ORE YOU PROBABLYEXERC I SED TOO HA
RD FOR YOUR PRESENT HEALTH."
470 PRINT: PRINT "STRETCH AND WALK
AROUND FOR A FEW MINUTES. ":TI
MER=0
480 PRINT@470,150-INT (TIMER/ 60) :
A$=INKEY$ : IFA$=CHR$ (10) THEN530
490 IF TIMERO000THEN480
500 GOSUB 960
510 PRINT: PRINT "YOU SHOULD HAVE
A RECOVERY RATE OF 30 OR LESS."
520 FORX=1TO4000 : NEXT
530 PMODE1 , 7 : SCREEN 1 , 0 : F0RX=1T04
: PLAY " 02 T20V15 FGFGFGFGDABE AFGFGF
G" :NEXTX: FORX=1TO5000 : NEXT: CLS : P
RINT@170 , "YOU MADE IT!": PRINT
540 PRINT6400, " " : END
550 DATA" SLOW JUMPING JACKS", "
HURDLERS STRETCH"," TRUNK ROTATI
ONS"," REACH FOR THE SKY"," LOOS
EN NECK AND ANKLES"
560 DATA"NIP-UPS" , "DON • T ALLOW F
EET TO HIT FLOOR"
570 DATA"S8BM120, 139U5R16E1R2F1R
15F2R1U4E2D11L1H2G2L55H1NU4L26U2
R3H1R11E1R6H1U2NG3R2E1D1R1F2D1R1
BH1E2R19F1" , 110 , 130 , 62 , 130
'580 DATA"S8BM120 , 139U6R4E7U1E1R1
E8R4U4E2D10L1G21L12H12U2NE2L1H17
E2F1R1D1F7R1F3E2NL4F2NL1R1D1F1D2
BG1NH4E1R3 F9R4 " ,110 ,130 , 76 ,97
590 DATA"S8BM12 0 , 139U5E2U18E2R1U
1H3U3F8G1D24G3L12H3U10E1NR5U26R2
D3R1D10F1D3ND8F3NL3D2NL1F1L1D1G2
F2D4F1" , 110 , 130 , 114 , 100
600 DATA" SQUAT THRUST" , "GO TO FU
LLY EXTENDED POSITIONS"
610 DATA"S8BM122, 94R4D35G2F1R3F2
LI 1U1E2H2U2 6H2U5E2U20E2A3XR$ ;A0F
2
,150,120,35
620 DATA"S 8BM1 20 , 120R3NF3E1U2NR8
ii
D 3 R4 F2D4 G4 F2D1F1R3D1L5H9U13 R4D 1 3
NE2F 4BG2G 1NL4 F 2 L7H3 E3H2L3H3U6E9 "
,110,150,140,110
630 DATA"S8BM120,
L18H2G1D7G1L1U12R3E2R13E10R23 " , 3
0,150,135,122
640 DATA" PUSH-UPS" , " ELBOWS PERP
ENDICULAR TO SIDES"
650 DATA"S12BM200 , 68U4L4D4L14NU6
G2L2G2L1G1L3G1L3G1L3G1L3G1L2H2D7
23F2XR$ ; G2L1D7G1D6R2D1L5U15" , 58 ,
85,230,50
660 DATA"S12BM150 , 88NR12H1NU5G1L
4G2L8G1L10H2D6G1L1U10R2E2R6E2R7E
2R28F2ND4XR$ ; G2L3E1U3H1L2G1D12R5
U1L2U9 BH2 ND1R1 " ,58,85,230,68
670 DATA"S12BM152 , 95NR12H1NU5L2 6
H2D7G1L1U11R2E2R1 8E1R6F1R 19F2XR$
;G2L3U2R1E1U2H2L2G1D11R5U1L2U7",
80,80,235,80
680 DATA" SIDEWINDER", "LEFT ARM D
OWN LIFT LEG HIGH"
690 DATA" S 12BM1 1 1 , 70 D7 L2 G 1 6H2 DIG
1L2U4R1E1NE15H1D1G1H3E1R1H1E17R1
3 D3R3U3R10H1NE 2H4G4F 1BL5U1E8 F 10 D
3XF$ ; D2G2D1NL3D12F1G2H2L1U1R1U15
L18", 140, 80, 210, 80
700 DATA"S12BM111, 70D7L2G16H2D1G
March 1986 THE RAINBOW 29
t
1 L2 U 4 RLE 16L2 1U 2 G 1 L2 U4 R2 F 1U2R3 2 BR
5H1E4F4NE2F1L10D3L3U4ESF10D3XF$ ;
D2G2D1NL3 D12 F1G2H2 L1U1R1U15L1 S " ,.
140,80,210,80
710 DATA"S12BM111, 70D7L2G15H2D1G
1L2U4R1E1 6H 16E1L1H1E 3F1D1E1F15R7
BR5H1E4F4NE2F1L10D3L3U4EBF10D3XF
$ f D2G2 D1NL3 Dl 2 F1G2H2L1U1R1U15L18
" , 140 ,80,2 10 1 B0
72p DATA 11 TREAD MILL" , "BACK AND F
QKTH BETWEEN HANDS"
730 DATA"S12BM100,100D5R10F1R2U4
R4D9G1D9R3D1L6U16L2 F1D10G2R3 D2 L8
U2E1H1U6L9H3F2G6 L16H2 D7G1L1U11R2
E2R11E8ND5E3R23F2XR$;G2L1" , 120, 1
00 , 1E0 , 93
740 DATA , 'S12BM100,100D6R13BR4U4L
4 D20R6 Ul L3U9E 1U5 RIE2U4 XR$ f U4H2 L2
3G3D5F2L862H1L1D10R1E1U5F2R17E2U
3H4",120, 100, 180 ,98
750 DATA"S12BM97, 100D6NR10G10H6
H2D7GlLlUllR2E2RllEilR23F2XR$;G2
L1BL4U4R4D10G1DBR3D1L6U16L3F2D8G
2R3D2L6U2H2U5L7H2 " , 120 , 100 , 180 , 9
760 DATA ** RUNNING IN PLACE" , "KNEE
! S WAIST HIGH"
770 DATA" S 8 BMl 28, 162U5NE2U4NF2U1
7NL5E1U9 BU6F5I 4U2R1D1E1F2G9H9E 3 F
2U4H2L4A3XR$f A0L4G2D18H7E7D6G2F2
D6G2 D5F2D2 6F2 G2 D1R11H2 L3B1E 2 U 6E 9
U4H9", 120,90, 120,50
780 DATA'>S8BM121,86RSD35G2F1R3F2
\ LI 1U1E2H2U2 6H2U5E2U20E2A3XR$ ; A0 F
2D17F4R1D1F1G2H10U11R4D11F2" , 120
,110, 120,30
790 DATA"S8BM125, 15BE8H3ND6H9U5E
2NRSU2 F2R1E2H1U1L2H4 E7H3 G9F7 BU 4U
4BUGTJ4E2A3XR$,'A0F2D10F4E9H2L2D2G
4H5D1SG1D7F9D4G9L1F3D3L1H6F5D1G2
F1R3F2L11U1R2H2U26" , 120 , 110 , 122 ,
45
B00 DATA" DOUBLE -UPS" , "FAST CONTI
NUOUS CYCLE"
610 DATA ,, S12BM120,120U5R1SE1R2F1
R16F2R1U4E2D11LLH2G2L55U2A2XR$ ? A
0E 2R1 3BR3D4G2 L10U4R9 0 3 E 1R1 F 1 D 1R 3
Fl", 130 ,110 ,30 ,115
820 DATA" S 12 BM12J3 , 120O6R1U9EZR15
F2R1U4 E2D11L1H2 G2L9 D10G2L1 BH9U3N
R2H2E5G3NF1G2H1U4E3R2F3L2D2U2R2D
2F1L1D1G3E2R3F6BR4G7H6E3F4E4R3D1
G1R3»,130,110,60,70
830 DATA"S12BM117 , 90G2U3L4D6F2R1
E4 F2 D5 US H2 E 2U 1H1L1G1D 3 H2 L 4 A 3XR$ r
A0U1E2R17F1E1U3E2D11L1H2G2L10F5D
5G4L8H7UBE2 ■< , 130 , 110 , 100 , 50
840 DAT A' 'TRIANGLE PUSH-UPS" , "FOR
EHEAD IN SPACE BETWEEN HANDS"
850 DATA"S12BM110, 84D5F1R13BR4U2
14D9F9R5U1L3H1U1H6U7E2U4XR$ ; U4H2
L2 3 G7 L3G2 L7G4 L2D1 1R1E 1U6R8 E1R7E3
R3E6",40,120,190,85
8 60 DATA"S12 BM110 , 102 D5F1R14 BR4U
3L4D7F5R2F 1R6U1L3 H 1 L2H4U4E 2 U4 XR $
f U4H2 L2 8G2 L6G2 L6G3L2D11R1E1U7R1F
1R12E2R10E2", 40, 120, 190 t 100
870 DATA"S12BM110, 120D4F2R8BR6E1
H3G4D1F2R9E1F1R6H1L2H1L2H1L2NL4E
1U 4 XR$ ? U4H3 LI 8H1L5G1L20G1L2 D11R1
E1U6F2R25E1" , 40, 120 , 190 , 120
8B0 DATA " KANGAROO HOPS 1 '," FAST
AND HIGH"
8 90 DATA" S 8 BMll 6 , 86R5D3 5G2 F1R3F2
L11U1E2H2U26H2U5E2U20E2A3XR$;A0F
2D17F4R1D1F1G2H10U11R4D11F2 ,| ,120
, 120 , 115, 28
900 DATA"S8BM119,80L3BL2G2D5F12G
7 D1G1F6U3H2R1E9U4H9U7E 1U1 8H2L4 A3
XR$?A0L4G2D3G6D2FSR1E2H1U1L2H4E6
H3G1BD6D4BD4D2'»,110, 90, 112,22
910 DATA"S8BM118,75L5NU2D4F4R3E6
NU3D9G1F7U3H3U2R3U16H3L3G5U12H2L
4A3XR$ | A0L4G2 D3E2 F3 G6R5E 1D1R1D3 L
10H2U2E6",120,80, 112, 25
920 DATA"CURL-UFS", "DON'T SIT-UP
, , .CURL-UP"
930 DATA" S 12 BMl 25, 171U5NH1U1R6E9
RSF12G2F1R5F2 L11U1H9G10L2 8H2 L2G1
NH5G 1 L4 H3 U2 E 3 ND2R2 ND 1 E 1 D 1R 1F2 D42t
3U2RLH1U6D5R4U2NR16U5H3L1G3D7 " , 1
40,160,40,170
940 DATA"S12BM12 5,171U6NL4RSE9R5
F12G2 F1R5F2L11U1H9G10 L16H9U2H2L2
NU7H3U4E 2R3NG2F 1NG1H1 D1F1D3 G3F2E
1R1U1NE4F3E3NF5E2U4H1L4G4", 140,1
60,55,120
950 DATA"S12BM125, 162E4NU3F1E9R5
F12G2F1R5F2L1 101H8L1G9 L8H5U8E3U3
H1NE5H1U4E3R2F3NL2D2NL1F1L1D1G2L
4 D3R2D1E1NR5D4R6E3U1H3L5", 140,16
0 , 120 , 100
9 60 PLAY"T20ABCP4 ABC" ; CLS : PRINT :
PRINT "LAY DOWN AND PLACE YOUR FI
NGERS ON YOUR NECK. ": PRINT "BEGIN
COUNTING YOUR HEARTBEATS WHEN
IfOU HEAR THE SOUND."
970 FORX=lTO 3350 : NEXT: PLAY"04V2
5L50ABA" :TIKER-0
980 IF TIMER >= 9 00 THENPLA Y " B C C " EL
SE980
990 RETURN
1000 RESTORE! FOR N=1T07 : READ E$:
HEX1W:FOE N=1T03JREAD E$:FOR M=l
TO4:REA0 A: NEXT K,N
1010 RETURN A
30 THE RAINBOW March 1986
32K
Disk
lite
PROGRAMMING UTILITY
RAINBOW
J.- -.\_
Inspired by a "schematic scoundrel, " this program is an
aid for drawing flow chart diagrams
CoCoflow:
CoCocad Expanded
By Dennis Page
The 4< mini-CAD" (Computer-
Aided Design) program* called
CoCocad, written by Peter
Kerckhoff (THE RAINBOW, October
1985, Page 130) proved to be very
interesting. It aids in drawing schemat-
ics. The program is icon menu-driven
using a mouse, joystick, X-Pad or touch
tablet. The keyboard is seldom used.
I am surrounded by expensive three-
dimensional color CAD systems at
work and because of that, was skeptical
of the Co Cocad utility. However, after
typing in the program to learn how
graphics pointing and positioning was
handled, new uses for CoCocad came to
mind. How about modifying CoCocad
to draw flow charts? A typical computer
buff could use the same system to draw
schematics for computer circuits and
draw corresponding software flow
charts as well.
To do this, minor modifications to
CoCocad are needed. The modified
program is called CoCoflow, and in-
stead of drawing schematic representa-
tions of electronic components, it draws
flow chart symbols.
On first look, the only difference
Dennis Page is an electronics engineer,
consultant and writer based in Los
Angeles,
between the two programs is that the
CoCocad diode icon has been replaced
by a familiar flow diagram symbol, the
diamond-shaped decision block. Figure
1 shows a sample Co Coflow screen. The
differences become apparent when the
flow diagram icon is selected. The pull-
down menu shows the first flow chart
symbol selection; a terminal symbol
that begins or ends the flow chart. As
the mouse button is pressed, more
symbols show up.
Figure 1: Sample CoCoflow Screen
□
DP
a
in
%
m
Q
-J 'I'M'
W-4
4-W
HrtHE: FLOW
FfttfE! Q MEMORY 8 575
i H ■ i ■ 1 ■ i ■ f ■ t ■ f ■ i ■ f ■ < ■ 1 ■ I ■ )
■ . » • . . » -
•J. ;<h I • * > • I
/* . * i ?r"r*f | * ' i ... . . 4 - , - . - t >
* ' ■ ■ * S rS * * '* * 1 11 1 * ^ " * * *
» « • ■ t V-* i a i ;», ■ i V *'*.'«■■ i v 'V 4 -
. k • ■ I' i % _* » ''.#..»■*•■-« * ' -
» »
V ■
'/ INPUT
7 ' Dftf ft
1.
PROCESS
■ MJft '
* «J 4 I 11 1 * *
•> i ■! i - - - -
-■•♦'-»• ■ « • I, ;. ^ .■<' > dome7 V *■ - ■ • ♦ ■
vl>» V
DRfiHN M17H
COGOFLOH
*■ 4> 9 4.
\ i [ i { 1 1 1 j 1 1 1 j 1 1 1 1 n n 1 1 n ) 1 1 ) 1 1 j i i ■ t . i i t i j i i - n n i ) i j i t i
To use a symbol, move the cursor to
USE in the menu and press the mouse
button. The pull-down menu disap-
pears and the selected symbol may be
moved to the desired location. These
symbols include right, left, up and down
March 1986 THE RAINBOW 31
arrows to show flow directions. The
arrows may be made longer with the line
function,just as CoCocad does it.
CoCocad modifications are easily
accomplished with the following proce-
dure. Copy CoCocad to create the new
CoCoflow program by using the com-
mand:
COPY "CQCDCRD . BR5" TO "COCOFLOW
.BflS"
Then load CoCoflow by using the
command:
LORD "COCOFLOW"
Modify CoCoflow by typing in List-
ing 1. The line numbers are arranged to
replace the corresponding CoCocad
lines, so be sure your copy of CoCocad
is numbered identically to the listing in
the CoCocad article. Otherwise, you
will have to match up the correct lines
for replacement. Line numbers shown
alone are line deletions — CoCoflow
does not need these lines. Be sure to get
the line numbers correct, otherwise the
wrong lines may be replaced. If you do
make a mistake and cannot find the
error, just reload CoCoflow and start
over. When finished, save CoCoflow by
using the command:
SRVE "COCOFLOW"
Description of Modifications
Line 120 changes the dimension of
variable arrays CM and CO to reflect
the larger flow chart symbols for GET
and PUT operations. Line 440 changes
the name of the component pull-down
menu to symbols and changes the
graphics location of the flow chart
symbol within the pull-down menu.
Line 460 changes the number of selec-
table symbols and the location of the
symbol within the pull-down menu.
Lines 470 and 870 also reflect the
changes in the number of symbols.
Lines 880 through 970 are the DRRW
strings for the new symbols. Lines 980
through 1110 are deleted because there
are fewer symbols. Line 1760 replaces
the diode symbol in the icon menu to
the diamond-shaped flow chart symbol.
Now try it! You'll see that CoCoflow
operates just like CoCocad, except that
you can now draw flow charts.
CoCocad is an excellent example of
applying pointing devices, pull-down
menus and icon menus to simplify
program operation. Reading Peter's
commented program listing reveals
much. Rewards await the student who
uses CoCocad as a learning tool.
As Peter had also suggested in his
article, if you use CoCoflow to draw a
flow chart you hope to have published,
please put a little note somewhere
denoting that CoCoflow was used to
draw the chart. Any questions regard-
ing these modifications may be directed
to me at 14108 Doty Avenue #36, Haw-
thorne, CA 90250. Please include an
SASE. □
.-"5'
ii kit
i ^.•:<--J J< . : .-..,'v^. I' ^fe'?;- • •"■ <f. 'uAC-fy. -
: i. x '.'X'f-: v -'>'.'
Editor's Note: The following are modifications to the
CoCocad program that appeared in "CoCocad: The
Schematic Scoundrel" (THE RAINBOW, October 1985)
by Peter Kerckhoff. Load CoCocad, type in the
following lines and save as CoCoflow. CoCoflow
operates just as CoCocad except flow chart symbols
appear instead of schematic symbols. For your
convenience, the above modifications will be incorpo-
rated into the CoCocad program, and will be included
on this month's RAINBOW ON TAPE.
GET ( 56 , 65) -(56+
, 65+YW) , CM, G: PUT (5J3, 50) ~ (110 , 1
,MO,PSET:GOT04Sj3 ELSE DRAW 11 BM
56 , 65C5" : GOSUB870: DRAW ,! BM56 , 65Cj3
":IF Y<lj39 THEN 470 ELSE N=N+1:I
P N<11 THEN GOSUB87j3:GOT045j3 ELS
E N=l : GOSUB87J3 : GGTO450
:f
N=N-1:IF N>j3 THEN GOSUB87£:G
OT045J3 ELSE N=lj3 : GOSUB870 : GOT045
W5H -wvIVS
87j3 ON N GOTO 88J3 , 89j3 , 9pp , 910, 92
93)3,94^,95^, 96)3,97)3
• i- i V:
ict'v'"^''* «J
i2i
Th€ COCOFL OW 890
88p DRAW" BD7 EUEUERERER3 4 FRFRFDFD
FD2GDGDGLGLGL3 4HLHLHUHUHU" : XW=48
TERM
* t
*
LUW 89J
42 D2GD2GD2GD2GD2GDL42":XW=48:YW
12 j3 DIM C$(3) ,A(8) ,AD(8) ,C1(1) ,C =16: RETURN: 'I/O
2(1) ,C3(1) ,L1(6) ,L2(6) ,L3(6) , L4 (
MO Y 3 S «=5 V Q C5 £
DRAW»R48D16L48U16" : XW=48 : YW^
: RETURN : 'PROCESS
<>»i'■ , ■ -j .'.•■•jfii.t *a :. •. V •■■■-yt*. , ... «c"-y.--.-n -
ii
6) ,CM(32) ,CO(32) ,MD(255) ,MO(255)
="V31Llj3j304B" :NF$="NONE"
" SYMBOLS" :GOSUB85)3:T$="N
USE" : TX=55 : TY=115 : GOSUB1J3J3 ERERE
f'PREV" : TX=55 : TY=lj37 : GOSUBlj3p GLGLGLGLGLGLGLGLGLGLGLG HLHLHLHL
: N=3 : GOSUB5J3 : N=l : DRAW" BM5 6 , 65 »' : G HLHLHLHLHLHLHLH" : XW=4 8 : YW=2 5 : RET
OSUB87I3 URN : » DECISION
32 THE RAINBOW March 1986
920 DRAWR48D16L8GL5GL3GL3GL3GL4
GL6HL4HL2HUHU16 " : XW=4 8 : YW=22 : RET
URN: ' DOCUMENT
930 DRAWBD3EURER2FRDFD2GDLGL2HL
UHU" : XW=9 : YW=9 : RETURN : • CONN
94) 3 DRAW"BD8BR4NU7NH3E3":XW=8:YW
=8 : RETURN : ' D -ARROW
95) 3 DRAW**BD4BRE3ND7F3 " : XW=9 : YW=8
: RETURN : ' U-ARROW
96) 3 DRAW"BD4R7NH3G3" :XW=8:YW=8:R
ETURN: ' R -ARROW
97) 3 DRAWBD4BRNR7NE3F3 11 : XW=9 : YW=
8 : RETURN : • L-ARROW
98)3
(delete)
99)3
(delete)
1)3)3)3
(delete)
1)31)3
(delete)
1)32)3
(delete)
1/33)3
(delete)
1)34)3
(delete)
1)3 5)3
(delete)
1)3 6)3
(delete)
(delete)
-i ft e"\ ri
1)38)3
(delete)
1)39)3
(delete)
11)3)3
(delete)
111)3
(delete)
176)3 DRAW"BM4,4R6D12R6 BM24,4R12
D12L12U12 BM43,1)3E6F6G6H6 BM62,4
R2 BR3R2 BR 3 R2 D2BD3D2BD3D2 L2 BL3L2B
L3L2U2BU3U2BU3U2 BM81 , 4R12L6D12
BM1)32 , 4D4NR6GFNR6GFNR6GFND4R6ND4
EHEHEHU4L6 BM119 , 8ND4R6U4F6G6U4L
6" : RETURN
PAYROL/BAS
TM
VERSION 1.4
'Minimum system requirement are one disk drive, 64K CoCo with disk basic.
Includes 1986 changes in FICA & Federal Witholding.
By Bernie Litton
A dynamic tool for businesses and accountants, PAYROL/BAS™ cuts checks and
keeps records for companies up to 100 employees. All you need is a computer
with 64K Extended Basic, one disk drive and a printer, and PAYROL/BAS™ lets
you:
• Enter employee data (name, address, SS#, FICA, taxes, deductions, profit
sharing, insurance).
• Cut checks. (The program works with both pin-feed and friction-feed printers,
and we can even supply the checks if you need them.)
• Automatically calculates and stores seven deductions, including federal, FICA,
state, three of your choosing (such as city, profit sharing or insurance) and one
miscellaneous.
• Will calculate tax and print to screen for approval before printing check.
• Keep ledgers (including monthly listings of all checks, gross income, FICA,
taxes, profit sharing, insurance).
• Error correcting routine lets you change data if you have made a mistake.
• Handles weekly, bi-weekly, semi-monthly and monthly pay periods.
Calculates state tax automatically.
•Each state has custom code included.
We have New York City witholding. $29.95/extra.
Only $79.95 ($2 shpg)
OTHER PROGRAMS FROM HOWARD
SAP II STOCK ANALYSIS PROGRAM: Stores and tracks your stock portfolio's
performance. A Howard exclusive. $19.95 ($2 shpg)
EPSON PRINTER TUTORIAL: Menu driven program that teaches you how to use
the different commands to unleash the full potential of your Epson printer. $29.95
($2 shpg)
BLOOD PRESSURE ANALYSIS: Studies show that daily tracking of
blood pressure will actually lower it. $24.95 ($2 shpg)
HOSPITAL GRADE BLOOD PRESSURE KIT: Includes adult cuff,
aneroid, bladder, tubing and bulb, plus carrying case. 108-M $25 ($2
shpg) Both for $39.45 ($2 shpg)
REVERSE VIDEO: Basic listing, lets you include reverse video
in your program. $14.95 ($2 shpg)
VIP WRITER: Powerful word processing program has
all standard word-processing features PLUS
automatic justification, pagination, centering options,
as well as Error Detection and Undo Mistake features.
A "flawless" program, according to Rainbow. $68.88
(includes VIP Speller) ($2 shpg)
VIP CALC: Create business spread sheets, get up to 33K of work space in 64K.
Calculation functions include trigonometry and sorting. $68.88 ($2 shpg)
VIP DATABASE: Stores data and files of all kinds and allows you to combine VIP
Writer files as well. Do mailing lists, inventories, menus and recipes, and more!
$58.88 ($2 shpg)
VIP LIBRARY: Includes all of the above plus terminal & Disk-ZAP in
one in terg rated package $125 ($2 pkpg)
WITH PAYROL/BAS™ YOU'LL ALSO WANT. . .
* 941 Program: Gives individual summaries and totals of check information to
prepare 941 and state unemployment forms. $29.95 ($2 shpg)
* W-2 Program: To cut year-end W-2-s. $29.95 ($2 shpg)
American Express, MasterCard, VISA accepted.
SEND TO: Howard Medical Computers
Box 2, Chicago IL 60690 312/278-1440
Name
Address
City, State, Zip ,
Please send (desc. & qty.— III. res. add 8% sales tax):
VISA
include card #
exp. date
DEALER INQUIRIES INVITED RB12 84a
March 1986 THE RAINBOW 33
New Dual Mode EPSON
The new Epson LX-80 offers printing flexibility in
two modes: one mode allows you to print in a quick
(100 cps) dot-matrix style for programming and
graphics, and the Near Letter Quality mode (16
cps) produces precise (240 dots per inch),
beautiful type for correspondence, reports, and
similar purposes. The LX-80 offers 160 different
type-style combinations, including Pica, Elite,
Enlarged, Emphasized, Condensed, Subscripts
and Superscripts, and type-styles can be selected
quickly from the top control panel or from program
control. Comes standard in friction feed; tractor op-
tion is also available.
LX-P package includes an LX-80, a serial Inter-
face, a Color Cojnputer to Epson cable, and
Printer Tutorial that teaches you how to pro-
gram the different type styles ($29.95 value),
LX-P: LX-80 package $317 ($7 shpg)
ET-1 tractor option for LX-80. $29.50.
SF-1 Single-sheet feeder for the LX-80. $145 ($7
shpg)
Epson
RX-80 FT repack
$207.
Epson
LX-80 New
$249.
Botek
Serial to parallel converter
$68.45
Howard
CoCo to Epson cable
$25.
MONITORS
123 Zenith 12" Green Screen, 640 dots x 200 dots
resolution, 15 MHz band width, $114 ($7 shpg)
123A Zenith 12" Green Screen Special, $67.50
($7 shpg) 80 Column non glare
122 Zenith 12" Amber Screen, 640 dots x 200 dots
resolution, 15 MHz band width. $117 (7 shpg)
131 Zenith 13" Color Monitor with speaker,
composite & RGB jack, 240 dots x 200 dots
resolution, 2.5 MHz band width. $168
($14 shpg) *CLOSEOUT40 Column
141 Roland 13" Color Monitor with speaker,
270 dots x 200 dots resolution, 4MHz band width
$247 ($12 shpg)
AH monitors require video controller.
Reverse video free with monitor order.
MEMORY
64K Upgrades— 1 Year Warranty
64-E1 for E Boards with complete instructions. Re-
move old chips and replace with preassembled
package— no soldering or trace cuts. $28.45 ($2
shpg)
64-F1 for F Boards. No soldering needed. Capacitor
leads must be cut. $24.45 ($2 shpg)
64-2 for COCO 2. Kit requires one solder point, no
trace cuts. $24.45 ($2 shpg)
CONTROLLERS
New Controller from J&M: Has switch that allows
either JDOS or RS DOS to be the disk operating
system; eliminates software compatibility problems,
while preserving the advantages of J&M's gold con-
tacts and data separator. Also added to the DC-2 is
a parallel port, which means a serial interface is no
longer needed to make a parallel printer (like the
Epson) work.
DC-2 Disk Controller with JDOS. $1 28 ($2 shpg)
RS-1: RS DOS ROM Chip. $20.00 ($2 shpg)
DC-1 Disk Controller reads and writes to 35 and 40
track single and double-sided drives for all models
of the Color Computer w/ JDOS. $128 ($2 shpg)
VC-1 Video Interface mounts inside Color Computer
by piggy-backing IC on top of interface— no solder-
ing, no trace cuts. All models give composite video
& sound. $24.45 ($2 shpg)
VC-2 for COCO 2— mono only. $26.45 ($2 shpg)
VC-3 for COCO 2— both color or monochrome
$39.45 ($2 shpg)
VC-4 for new Color Computer (no sockets, chips are
soldered to mother board)* Attaches with spring-
loaded clips. Color or mono. $39.45 ($2 shpg)
Epson Homewriter HM1 has serial pick
interface and cable included. 100 CPS,
bidirectional dot matrix impact for regular
paper and one copy.
$258 ($7 shipping)
EPSON AND J&M
The EJ-P Package
The Epson LX-80 Printer teamed with our new
J&M DC-2 Controller gives you top printing
capabilities plus built-in switch gives JDOS or
Radio Shack DOS so all software can run on your
Color Computer. Package includes: Epson LX-80
Printer with ET-1 tractor; DC-2 controller;
parallel Color Computers to J&M cable;
Epson Printer Tutorial ($29.95 value).
Complete EJ-P package $425.00 ($7 shpg)
HOWARD QUALITY STANDS
New TS-1X Mon-
itor Stand: De-
signer-beautiful
stand with clear
corner posts,
easy side access
to ROM port, re-
set and onfoff
buttons. $39.50
($3 shpg)
TS-1: Standard 13" monitor stand for the original Color
Computer. Specify black, ivory or clear. 15" x11" x4".
$29.50 ($3 shpg)
TS-2: Same as above for the COCO 2. $29.50 ($3
shpg)
PS-1X Printer Stand features new noise-suppressing
foam top and cork base. 15" x11" x2W. $24.95 ($3
shpg)
GUARANTEE
Howard Medical's 30-day guarantee is meant to
eliminate the uncertainty of dealing with a com-
pany through the mall. Once you receive our hard-
ware, try it out; test it for compatability. It you're
not happy with it for any reason, return it in 30 days
and we'll give you your money back— no questions
asked. Hours: 8:00-4:00 Mon.-Fri.
10:00-3:00 Sat.
9
Howard Medical Computers
1690 Eiston, Chicago 60622
Cat. No. Quantity Description
Telephone (312) 278-1440 for questions
Computer Bulletin Board (312) 278-9513
Unit cost Cost
$
Bill (circle one)
My check or
money order Oc\si C;s'ci # _
is enclosed
Send CO D Expiraiion dale .
MC
Name.
Address
City, State, Zip;
Total Cost _
Shipping _
III. res. add 8% _
COD (add 1.90)
Total order $.
i
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The Biggest
The
The Indispensable
The
THE CaOR COMPUTER MONTHLY MAGAZINE
It's called the premier Color Computer magazine for good
reason. THE RAINBOW is the biggest, best, brightest and most
comprehensive publication a happy CoCo ever had! Is there any
wonder we get letters daily praising THE RAINBOW, the
magazine one reader calls "A Pot Of Gold" for his Color
Computer.
THE RAINBOW features more programs, more information
and more in-depth treatment of the Tandy Color Computer than
any other source.
A monthly issue contains up to 300 pages and as many as two
dozen programs, 15 regular columns and more than 20 product
reviews. And advertisements: THE RAINBOW is known as the
medium for advertisers — which means every month it has a
wealth of information unavailable anywhere else about new
products! Hundreds of programs are advertised in its pages
each month.
But what makes THE RAINBOW is its people. People like Fred
Scerbo, who write special programs at the request of readers.
Experts like Dick White and Joseph Kolar, two of the most
knowledgeable writers on BASIC. Communicators like R. Wayne
Day, who stay abreast of telecommunications advances. Or t
Dan Downard, RAINBOW technical editor, who answers our
readers' toughest questions. Educators like Dr. Michael Plog
and Steve Biyn, who show how CoCo can be used at home or
school. Advanced programmers like Dale Puckett, who guide
you through the sophisticated OS-9 operating system. Electron-
ics experts like Tony DiStefano, who explain the "insides" of the
CoCo. These people, and many others, visit you monthly
through columns available only in THE RAINBOW.
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What goes well with
the Rainbow?
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What is it? RAINBOW ON TAPE is a monthly cassette
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Drive 1 Upgrade 99 95
Add a second Vz height drive to your Radio Shack
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Drive 1
SUPER DRIVE SALE
Special prices on new first quality disk drives. They even have GOLD connectors on the back. . , Some other
places charge 229>00for dr. 1 and 299.00 for dr. 0, not usl Drive 1 1s for mod I, Second Color Computer drive, or
external mod III, IV Drive 1 justplugsintotheextraconnectoron your Drive 0 cable, Both drives are compatible
with any version of the Color Computer and all versions of drives. Drive 0 is your first Color Computer drive and
comes complete with cable, manual, and R.S, controller. For double-sided, add 45.00 (only for those who have
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THE COMPUTER CENTER
901-761-4565, 5512 Poplar, Memphis, TN 38119
Add $4.90 for shipping and handling— Visa, MC & money orders accepted
Allow an additional 2 weeks for personal checks— Drive faceplates may vary slightly
Determine the amount of ea
on installment loans
i.v-' i i ■. i ,k >( ........ l-^iJ.t* ~:\ inr.-x ';r ; .•■ ■■ \ •:(•.& »" -. ! - • «. • ; ,
1.; ■ . ; V ?^->.*
\ s::-.-' ••■ • •. - . - ■ . j<
'■'2' «! '
After having read so many good
articles in RAINBOW, I felt ob-
liged to make a small contribu-
tion. I am blind and have been a CoCo
user for about two years. Among my
responsibilities as a credit manager of a
retail music store, I obtain credit reports
from a mainframe computer, type con-
tracts, make collections, etc. The CoCo
is a fantastic aid when combined with
the Votrax "Type & Talk*
Clarence Whaley services and runs the
Credit Department for L.C. Tiller, Inc.
(Music Company) in Nashville, Tennes-
see. His Ham call sign is KD4PT.
The "Rule of 78s" formula is used to
determine the amount of early pay-off
on installment loans and eliminates the
use of charts. The Rule of 78s program
is written in two forms: a one-line
version and a multiline version. This
program is quite simple to use. Type
CLDflD "RULE 78" and RUN. The pro-
gram prompts are straightforward and
should be easily answered by anyone
not familiar with retail business lan-
guage. The "Rule of 78s" formula can
be obtained from: Department of Con-
sumer Affairs, Federal Reserve Bank of
Philadelphia, P.O. Box 66, Philadel-
phia, PA 19105.
•"i '.:
With the use of a simple screen dump
program, I have instant access to ac-
counts receivable, etc. But this is a slow
process
them on more rapid access and business
uses of the CoCo. Also, the cost of
Braille printers is quite prohibitive
($15,000) and out of the question! If
anyone has come up with an affordable
Braille printer, 1 would certainly be
interested.
(Mr. Whaley may be reached at 123
8th Avenue North, Nashville, TN 37203,
business phone 615-254-6533. Please
enclose an SASE when writing. □
The listing: RULEDF7B
290 .
END
• • « • %
.88
.13
T
lj30 TEXT$="":GOSUB44j3
110 TEXT$= GOSUB440
120 TEXT$="THIS PROGRAM FIGURES"
:G0SUB44J3
130 TEXT $=" THE EARLY PAY-OFF OF"
IGOSUB450
140 TEXT$=" INSTALLMENT LOANS USI
NG":GOSUB450
150 TEXT $=" THE RULE OF 78'S":GOS
36
THE RAINBOW
March 1986
II
UB450
16/3 TEXT$="":GOSUB45j3
170 TEXT$="SOME COMPANIES MAY HA
VE AN" :GOSUB45j3
18/Zf TEXT$=" ADDITIONAL CHARGE FOR
":GOSUB450
190 TEXT $= " EARLY PAY-OFF WHICH":
GOSUB450
200 TEXT$="IS NOT PART OF THIS F
ORMULA" : GOSUB450
210 TEXT$="":GOSUB45j3
220 TEXT $=" PRESS ANY KEY TO BEGI
N":GOSUB450
230 A$=INKEY$
240 IFA$=""THEN23j3ELSE25j3
250 CLS: INPUT "TOTAL MONTHS OF CO
NTRACT" /N
260 SOUND2j3j3,l
270 A=(N/2*(N+1) )
280 INPUT "HOW MANY MONTHS REMAIN
";B
290 SOUND20j3,l
300 C=(B/2*(B+1) )
3 10 D=C/A
320 INPUT "TOTAL INTEREST CHARGE
;E
330 SOUND2j30,l
340 F=(E*D)
350 PRINT
360 INPUT "CURRENT BALANCE DUE
370 SOUND2j30,l
380 H=G-F
390 PRINT "THE REBATE IS":PRINT@1
81,USING»####.##«;F
400 SOUND200,1
410 PRINT "THE PAY-OFF IS": PRINT©
213 / USING"####.##";H
420 SOUND2J30,!
430 END
440 CLS
450 M=LEN(TEXT$)
460 FOR X=l TO M
470 PRINT@32*L+15-M/2+X,MID$ (TEX
T$,X,1)
480 NEXT X
490 L=L+1
500 SOUND2j3j3,l
510 RETURN
520 'CLARENCE WHALEY
530 '123 8TH AVENUE NORTH
540 'NASHVILLE, TN 37203
550 'PHONE: 615-254-6533
it •
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March 1986 THE RAINBOW 37
SPEED RACE
The checkered flag drops as your pulse rises in this
■lively new arcade game. The road twists to the horizon
on the 3-D panorama that sets the stage for the most
exciting race the CoCo has ever seen! Vie for time as
you speed through the curves at incredible speeds.
Step through the gears to stay ahead of the pack, but
.step lively since some will stop at nothing to see the end
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32K Color Computer Required.
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by Steven Hirsch
By Kary McFadden
You clutch the tank controls, searching for any sign of the
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Enter the ultimate battle-zone in this exciting 3-D tank
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your only hope as you wind through a three-dimensional
course inhabited by impenetrable barriers and enemy tanks.
Dazzling graphics and lifelike sound take you a step beyond
the ordinary in this fast, machine-language arcade game.
Enter the next dimension, ROMMEL's troops are waiting for
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32K Color Computer Required.
$29.95
f the 1
TAKING BASIC TRAINING
J ECB
• MB*
RAINBOW
A Simple Technique
for Creating Animation
By Joseph Kolar
Rainbow Contributing Editor
Animation gives any CoCo
graphics program a lot of pizazz
with the illusion of movement.
The technique of creating animation
seems beyond the capability of the
newcomer to CoColand. It is not the
formidable project that it appears to be.
The good news is that the beginner
need not be overwhelmed by animation
creation. He can do it with a minimum
of artistic talent. Today, we are going to
make like we are Rembrandts, and do
some simple but satisfying animation.
Using artistic license, we will create a
"stick bird." We will take this bird, set
it in flight and give it a chance to soar
on our screen. We will create various
stick shapes to add variety and give the
appearance of graceful flight.
Look at Listing 1 and key in lines 10
and 1000. PCLS3 gives us the back-
ground blue sky upon which the bird is
highlighted. Key in lines 20 to 27, the
eight forms of the bird we will use in our
effort to animate. They are called by the
variables assigned them. The reason we
use various forms of the bird is to create
the illusion of a change in the bird as
it wheels, soars or just flaps its wings.
Florida-based Joseph Kolar is a veter-
an writer and programmer and special-
izes in introducing beginners to the
powers of Co Co.
If we use just one shape throughout (one
variable), the bird looks stiff and its
flight stilted.
Key in Line 30. All the birds are
displayed using the DRRW statement.
The color, horizontal and vertical loca-
tions are included within quote marks.
The desired bird shape is selected by
picking the desired variable and added
with the good old concatenation
marker, '+'. Now RUN and you should be
suitably unimpressed to see what is
supposed to be a bird. Press break and,
one at a time, substitute the other
variables in Line 30 to see the so-called
birds in our repertoire. After you have
seen them all, replace the original
variable, B$.
Keep in mind that there are many
ways to develop animation. The follow-
ing system is somewhat unwieldy, but
lends itself admirably for the purpose of
this tutorial.
Run the program and note that we
place a bird, in color C2, at both a
horizontal and vertical location of 10.
The bird (B$ in this case), has the left
wing "up" and the right wing in a
horizontal plane. At this time, also note
that in lines 40 through 350, the color
(C2) is redundantly included in every
DRRW statement. In Listing 1 only the
first C2 in Line 30 is required to main-
tain the same color of the bird. CoCo
knows that C2 is desired in all the
subsequent DRRW lines. At a later stage
in our artistic endeavors, it will be
necessary to insert C2 in all of the DRRW
lines in this listing. To save a lot of time
and monotonous editing later on, we
will put them in as we proceed.
At this stage, we will place the
various-shaped birds at locations we
deem either logical or interesting, one at
a time, ever increasing the number of
birds in the flight plan. Press BREAK,
key in Line 40 and RUN. You will see a
second bird form on the screen (AS),
with both wings in the "up" position. We
moved it over to the right five units, to
15 on the horizontal, and 10 units down
on the vertical. We now have two birds
on the screen.
For the purpose of this tutorial, we
will move either zero, five or 10 units
from a previous location. This creates
a smooth transition from one location
to the next.
Press break, key in Line 50 and run.
The same 'V 1 bird is flying to the right.
Comparing lines 40 and 50 in the listing,
you can verify that we moved the bird
10 units to the right. Press break, key
in Line 60 and ryn. You can see the same
bird heading to the right.
Don't get excited if the birds overlap
on the screen. It will all be sorted out
later. At this stage, we are plotting the
March 1986 THE RAINBOW 39
flight path and want to see every shape
and its location as we create it. This way
you can locate a desired shape at the
location you feel is right. If you don't
like the shape or location, it can be
altered now without disturbing future
additions to the flight plan. You won't
have to dissect your program and wear-
ily rearrange it later.
We are so creative that we plot our
animation program directly on the
screen. However, you may use graph
paper if you wish to determine the
shapes and locations of the birds.
Press BREAK, key in Line 70 and run.
Here I promptly violated my own rule
and dropped the bird, B$, 15 units. I had
a down draft in mind, which I imagined
might cause the bird to drop more than
usual and change directions by going
five units to the right.
Press BREAK, key in Line 80 and run.
Here the bird, E$, is wheeling to the
right and down; press break again.
If you have difficulty viewing a shape
that is superimposed over a previous
shape, temporarily mask the previous
line with a REM marker. RUN to see if it
is what you intended, then remove the
REM marker from the previous line. At
this point, key in each program line one
at a time, and check to see what shape
you added where.
We have completed our first phase:
creating, locating and displaying each
bird. Now that we have created each
bird in our tableau, we have to make
them vanish. Beginning with the bird at
Line 30 through the last one at Line 350,
we will erase them. LIST 30 and add +5
to Line 30 to create the "erase" line.
Thus, all program lines used to erase the
birds will end in '5'. Key in 35, the line
number, and copy the data appearing in
Line 30 that you have on the screen
changing only the digit (2) in C2 to '3'.
Now run. C3 is the same color as P5CL3.
The bird is still, invisible and effectively
erased.
If you care to check this out, tempor-
arily change PCLS3 to PCL52 in Line 10
and RUN. See? Restore Line 10 to its
original state.
Press BREAK and LIST40. Create
Line 45 and copy the scoop in Line 40,
making the desired color change. Pro-
ceed line by line, every once in a while
pausing to RUN and make sure you have
erased all the birds. If some residue
remains on the screen, you made a boo-
boo in copying! When you check, you
will be excited to see the vestiges of a
bird in flight, if ever so fleetingly.
When you have finished the second
phase and check out your work, you
should get a fleeting glimpse of the bird
in motion and end up with a blank, blue
display.
Obviously, we must create pauses
between the creation and disappearance
of each bird so ordinary mortals can
observe the flight. The third phase
determines the length of time each bird
is visible. We will use a pause routine to
accomplish this feat: FOR Z= 1 TO X:
NEXT, where 'X' is some value between
75 and 200. We will use increments of
25, so for 'X' we will use the following
values: 75, 100, 125, 150, 175 and 200
to keep it simple and under control.
After you get the idea, you can sub-
stitute your values for the chosen ones
in the listing to make it fly the way you
want it to fly. First, let me give you the
system we will use in this tutorial.
Type in LIST 30-40. We list two lines
to see how far the bird moved. We note
that the bird moved 10 units down and
five units to the right. We compare
either Line 30 or 35 to Line 40. We will
place the pause line immediately follow-
ing the creation line (Line 30). Each
pause line will be numbered by incre-
menting the creation line by +1 and the
erase line by +5. We will try 100 as the
length of the pause. Key in 31 FDR
Z=1TO100 : NEXT and run. You can't see
much! Press BREAK, LI5T40-50 and
let's make this pause line shorter in
duration by using 75. Key in 41 FDR
Z=1TD75:NEXT and run, then press
BREAK and LI5T50-60. We'll use 100.
Key in 51 FDR Z=1TD100:NEXT.
Follow the same procedure using 150
in Line 61, 100 in Line 71 and 75 at both
lines 81 and 91. RUN and observe the
movement. Press BREAK and adjust it to
suit yourself. It is your bird! Make it fly
as you would imagine it should fly. Vary
the time lapse, preferably a higher figure
for a large location displacement and a
shorter lapse for a small movement, but
do it from one line to the next in a
methodical manner, ensuring that all
previously determined time pause lines
are satisfactory. You may compare the
pauses you chose with the ones in
Listing 2.
You tnay want the movement to be
quicker so it looks even more natural.
If so, lower the value of each pause line
by 25 or 50 units. For that matter, you
may prefer to substitute other shapes
(bird variables). Be my guest! When this
phase of the program is completed and
all the pauses are set, you may want to
change Line 1000 (1000 GOTD10).
Since many of your pause lines are
repetitious, this is an ideal occasion to
use GOSUB. For instance, add 400 FOR
Z=1TD75: NEXT: RETURN and change
lines 41, 81, 91, 141, 221, 231, 241, 251,
261, 281, 291, 301, 311, 321 and 341 to
GD5UB400. You will have to put in a line,
360 GDTD10 or 360 GDTD1000, to walk
around the GD5UB routine. Ideally, the
GD5UB should be at the end of the
program, for example, Line 2000. How-
ever, using 400 instead of 2000 saves
typing one extra zero and whatever
error that third zero might generate due
to typing mistakes. Naturally, you can
make other GD5UB lines to accommo-
date frequently-used pause lines.
OK, what have we wrought? Nothing
much! Just a bunch of lines flapping
across the screen. But, you learned a lot
quite painlessly. Let us recap:
1) A picture, design or shape must be
created. It can be elaborate or as mind-
lessly simple as our bird. After it is
created and put into a variable form, it
can be called using DRAW. Alternate
shapes should be created in anticipation
of need, but they can be created as
required and added to the list of shapes.
2) It must be located at the desired site
on the screen in a color other than the
background.
3) It must remain on the screen for a
certain length of time.
4) It must be erased by creating the
same design and in the exact location
but using the background color so it
appears to vanish.
5) The same picture or a variant,
again created and called as a variable in
a DRAW statement, can be placed in a
newly selected location. Repeat steps
two through four. Suppose you made a
pastoral scene in the blank space re-
served under the bird? Or the outline of
a few buildings?
Now that you know how to make a
bird fly around, you can use the same
technique to produce your own crea-
tion.
As an added attraction, Listing 3 uses
5DUND as a timer and has a skyline
thrown in to show how to enhance the
animation. You can modify your tuto-
rial program by inserting lines 11-13,
modify Line 1000 and change all pause
lines to 5DUND lines. If you don't care
for my sounds, make up your own.
Finally, based on this tutorial, a
mindless graphic is designed wherein
bats, ad nauseam, put windows in the
buildings. □
40
THE RAINBOW March 1986
Mind-tingling action!
THE SECOND RAINBOW BOOK OF
Twenty-four of the most challenging Adventure games ever
compiled await you in this latest offering from The Rainbow
Bookshelf. Journey through time, fight World War ill, win
the heart of a beautiful and mysterious princess. Experience
the titillations of the most rugged Adventurer without ever
leaving your seat.
Order The Second Rainbow Book of Adventures and among the 24 program
listings you'll receive are:
******
Yellow Submarine — Meet the Beatles and attempt to
outlast the Blue Meanies while enjoying some of the
Fab Four's all-time musical hits.
Ring Quest — Regain possession of a magical ring and
save a kindom.
Time Tripper — Lost in another dimension.
Chief Inspector — Who killed B.L. Brown?
Sir Randolf Returns — The sequel to a favorite from our
first Adventure book.
Silverton House — Where's the money been stashed?
Ice Princess — Just one glance at this beauty will steal
your heart.
Experience other traditional and contemporary challenges from these winning authors: Mark Fetherston, Jeff Crow, Larry Lansberry,
J.C. Jackson, Robert W. Mangum II, Robert Poppe, David Taylor, Gregory Clark, Steve Skrzyniarz, David L. Dawson, Curtis Boyle,
Bruce K. Bell, Pat Pugliano, Pat and John Everest, Mike Fahy, Scott Settembre, Darin Anderson, Robert L. Thomas, Terrance Hale, Paul
Hensel, Philip Courie, Michael Dennison and Robert Dickau.
The Second Rainbow Book of Adventures sells for only $13.95! j|
THREE BONUS PROGRAMS \
WHEN YOU BUY THE SECOND RAINBOW ADVENTURES TAPE!
That's right. You'll receive a total of 27 fantastic Adventures when you get the Second Rainbow
Adventures tape. The three bonus games are Castle Thuudo, by Carmen D. Michele; Halls of
Dungeon Death, by Eric and Mark Riel; and Caves of Kalakh, by Jane Fisher — programs with
listings too lengthy to include in the book. Save yourself hours of typing listings. Load these great
Adventures into your computer and run them!
The Second Rainbow Adventures Tape is only $13.95.
The tape is an adjunct and complement to the book. Even if you buy the Second Rainbow
Adventures Tape, you'll need the book for the introductory material and loading instructions.
Keep your Rainbow Bookshelf up-to-date!
See Page 221 for additional Rainbow Bookshelf offerings.
□ Please send me
The Second Rainbow
Book Of Adventures
for $13.95*
□ Please send me
The Second Rainbow
Adventures Tape
for $13.95
The Rainbow Bookshelf 1 "
Name —
Address
City
State
ZIP
□ My check in the amount of
is enclosed.*
Please charge to my: □ VISA □ MasterCard □ American Express
Account Number
Signature
Exp. Date
Mail to: The Second Rainbow Book of Adventures,
The Falsoft Building, P.O. Box 385, Prospect, KY 40059
To order by phone, call: (502) 228-4492
*Add $1 .50 shipping and handling per book. Outside the U.S., add $4. Allow 4-6 weeks for delivery.
Kentucky residents add 5% sales tax for book and tape. In order to hold down costs, we do not bill.
U.S. currency only, please.
130 .
END
63
54
PMODE3 , 1 : PCLS3 : SCREEN1 ,0
Listing 1: BIRDS
0 'LISTING1
10
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
T
A$=
B$=
C$=
D$=
E$=
F$=
G$=
H$=
"F6E6"
"F6R6"
"R6E6"
"E6F6"
"F12"
"E12"
"R12"
"R6F6 1 '
30 DRAW"C2BM10,10"+B$
40 DRAW M C2BM15,20 M +A$
50 DRAW M C2BM25,20 M +A$
60 DRAW"C2BM35,20"+A$
70 DRAW"C2BM40,35"+B$
80 DRAW"C2BM50,40"+E$
90 DRAW"C2BM60,45"+B$
1/8/8 DRAW"C2BM70,45 I, +A$
11/8 DRAW M C2BM75,55"+A$
120 DRAW"C2BM85,60"+A$
13/3 DRAW" C2BM9/3, 7/3 "+A$
14j3 DRAW M C2BM95,75 I! +C$
E.T.T . Electronic Typing Teacher
by CHERRYSoft
Learning to type the right way can save you hours of tedious
work when entering programs into your CoCo, and this is just
what ETT was designed to do. Devote a little time every day prac-
ticing with ETT and before you know it you will be typing with con-
fidence. Entering those programs will no longer be the chore it
use to be.
- ETT's video keyboard lets you practice with all the keys labeled,
all the keys blank or only the "home" keys labeled. The visual
cues guide you while you learn to type without watching your
fingers. ETT shows your accuracy, response time, and words per
minute. You will quickly see that you are improving with practice.
With the sentences provided by ETT learning to type can be fun.
Over 1000 variations chosen because they include every letter in
the alphabet. You can also create your own practice sets. This
outstanding program was written by a certified teacher and pro-
fessional programmer and comes with a ten page student
manual-study guide. Requires 16K Extended Basic.
FREE
SHIPPING
29
$0/1 95
Cassette £J\ smikkinu Disk
ETT is being used in schools throughout the U.S.
See ETT at your favorite dealer or order direct.
DEALER INQUIRES INVITED
95
m sCoCo
G Waiehouse
Where Shopping By Mail is "USER FRIENDLY"
500A N. DOBSON ■ WESTLAND, Ml 48185
Phone (313) 722-7957
150
16) 3
17) 3
18) 3
19) 3
200
21) 3
22) 3
23) 3
24) 3
25) 3
26) 3
27) 3
28) 3
29) 3
310
320
330
340
350
DRAW
DRAW
DRAW
DRAW
DRAW
DRAW
DRAW
DRAW
DRAW
DRAW
DRAW
DRAW
DRAW
DRAW
DRAW
DRAW
DRAW
DRAW
DRAW
DRAW
DRAW
C2BM110
C2BM120
C2BM130
C2BM140
C2BM150
C2BM140
C2BM130
C2BM120
C2BM120
C2BM120
C2BM125
C2BM120
C2BM125
C2BM130
C2BM135
C2BM140
C2BM145
C2BM145
C2BM150
C2BM160
C2BM160
90
90
95
95
95
80
75
70
60
50
45
40
35
25
20
15
15
10
10
10
"+D$
"+D$
"+D$
"+C$
"+F$
"+A$
"+A$
"+A$
"+A$
"+A$
"+B$
"+E$
"+E$
"+A$
M +A$
"+A$
"+C$
"+G$
"+H$
"+D$
5"+D$
1000 GOTO1000
Listing 2: FLIGHT 1
190 .
270 .
END
120
247
.52
116
T
0 '<LISTING2>
1 ' CREATED BY J. KOLAR, 1985
10 PMODE3, l:PCLS3:SCREENl f 0
20 A$="F6E6"
21 B$="F6R6"
22 C$="R6E6"
23 D$="E6F6"
24 E$="F12 n
25 F$="E12"
26 G$="R12"
27 H$="R6F6"
30 DRAW"C2BM10,10"+B$
31 FOR Z=1TO100:NEXT
35 DRAW ,I C3BM10,10"+B$
40 DRAW II C2BM15,20"+A$
41 FOR Z=1T075:NEXT
45 DRAW"C3BM15,20 M +A$
50 DRAW"C2BM25,20"+A$
51 FOR Z=l TO 10)3 : NEXT
55 DRAW"C3BM25,20 I, +A$
60 DRAW M C2BM3 5,20"+A$
61 FOR Z*l TO 150: NEXT
65 DRAW"C3BM35,20"+A$
70 DRAW"C2BM40,35"+B$
71 FOR Z=1TO10)ZJ:NEXT
75 DRAW"C3BM40, 35"+B$
80 DRAW"C2BM50 / 40"+E$
81 F0RZ=1T075:NEXT
85 DRAW"C3BM50,40"+E$
90 DRAW"C2BM60,45"+B$
42 THE RAINBOW March 1986
Owls nest
SOFTWARE
' WE GIVE A HOOT '
NEW! SNAKES ALIVE
You must maneuver an ever growing snake through an
ever more difficult maze and eat the fruit that
appears. As you progress from level to level the
screen becomes increasingly difficult. The action
is controlled by the keyboard so joysticks are not
required. This game is addictive!
16K EXT Postpaid Disk $20.95 Cassette $17.95
NEW! CHILDRENS GRAPHIC STORYBOOK SERIES
These delightful children's storys will amuse, amaze
and educate your children with words and pictures.
THE STAR LIGHTER presents an entertaining story and
illustrates star constellations in graphic displays.
Requires 64K EXT Tape or 32K EXT Disk.
THE DRAGON STORY presents a story about a girl and
a dragon in words and graphic pictures. Requires 64K
EXT tape or 32K EXT Disk.
A VISIT TO THE BEACH presents an easy to read story
about two children and their pets on a visit to the
beach. Requires 32K EXT Tape or Disk.
The storybooks are $15.00 Tape or $17.00 Disk. Take
any two on tape or Disk for $25.00 or all three on
Tape or Disk for $30.00
LABEL64 - LABEL 64 is a name and address file/print
system that takes advantage of your 64K. You can deve-
lop and maintain a mailing list* Print lists or mail-
ing labels in your choice of 1, 2, or 3 wide. Sup-
ports 3 or 4 line addresses with phone optional. You
can sort by last name, first name, and/or zip code.
You can work with up to 300 records in memory at a time.
We include a aecond copy for back up at no additional
charge. Take advantage of your 64K with LABEL64.
Cassette - 64K EXT Postpaid $24.95
FILE64 - FILE64 ia a data management system designed
to take advantage of a 64K machine. You can create
and maintain records on anything you choose. Recipes ,
coupons, household records, financial records - you
name it. You create records containing up to five
fields you define. You can search, sort, modify, add,
delete, save on tape, display on the screen and print
on a printer. The program could cost you much more
and we include a back up copy at no additional charge.
Cassette - 64K EXT Postpaid $24.95
SAVE $$ Take both our LABE;L64 and FILE64 for only
$40.00 Postpaid. Don*t miss this special offer!
ALCATRAZ ADVENTURE Our newest and we think most in-
volved adventure. You have been unjustly imprisioned
and sentenced to death. You must escape to prove
your innocence. You will fece many unique problems
as you work on your goal. If you liked our BASHAN
adventure you will love ALCATRAZ. Your adventure
contains a large vocabulary and some unique features.
This is a tough one recommended for advanced players.
32K EXT Postpaid Disk $20.95 Caasette $17.95
CUBE ADVENTURE - Cube ia a non violent adventure for
a minimum 16K EXT system. You must locate and enter
the "CUBE" gathering treasures along the way. You
will encounter aome unique problems as you work on
your goal. CUBE ia an intermediate to hard adven-
ture 8uit8ble for everyone*
16K EXT postpaid Disk $20.95 Cassette $17.95
Canadian dealers may contact Kelly Software Dist.
LTD. P.O. Box 11932 Edmonton, Alberta T5J 3L1
NOW LABEL I II IS AVAILABLE ON DISK!
LABELIII - (Reviewed in Nov 83 Rainbow) With LABEL III
you can develop and Maintain a mailing list. Print listi
or mailing labels in your choice of 1, 2, or 3 wide.
Supporta 3 or 4 line addresses with phone optional.
Sort by laat name,, first name or zip code.
16K EXT Postpaid Disk $21.95 Cassette $19.95
FILEIII - Data management system. With FILEIII you
can create and maintain records on anything you choose.
Recipes, coupons, household records, financial records -
you name it. You create records containing up to five
fields that you define. You can search, aort, add,
delete, modify, display on the screen or aend to a
printer. The program ia user friendly end user proof.
Prompting is extensive. A comparable program could
cost you much more. This one is a baraainl
16K EXT Poatpaid Disk $21.95 Caeaette $19.95
PROGRAM FILE - (rev Oct 83 Rainbow) Organize your
programs. With PROGRAM FILE you create a file of your
computer programs. You can sesrch, sort, add, modify,
delete, save to tape and display on the acreen or
•end to a printer.
16K EXT Postpaid Disk $16.95 Caasette $14.95
DATA MANAGEMENT PACKAGE - Save $$ Take the three above
on diak or tape (apecify) for only $40.00 Postpaid
ESPIONAGE ISLAND ADVENTURE - (reviewed in June 84 Rain-
bow) You have been dropped off on an island by submarine.
You must recover a top secret microfilm and aignal the
sub to pick you up. Problems abound in this 32K EXT
adventure •
32K EXT Poatpaid Diak $20.95 Caasette $17.95
FOUR MILE ISLAND - You are trapped in a disabled nuclear
power plant. The reactor is running swsy. You must
bring the resctor to a cold shutdown and prevent the
"China Syndrome" , Can you save the plant (and your-
self)? It 1 8 not eaayj
16K EXT Postpaid Disk $20.95 Cassette $17.95
KINGDOM OF BASHAN - Our flagship adventure. Baehan has
a very large vocabulary and some unique features. You
muat enter BASHAN (not easy), gather the ten treasures
of the ancient kingdom (even harder) and return to the
starting point (harder yet). If you can score the
maximum 200 points in BASHAN you are an expert!
32K EXT Postpaid Disk $20.95 Cassette $17.95
ADVENTURE COMBO Save $$ The three above adventurea on
three cassettes or one disk (specify) postpaid for only
$40.00
ATLANTIS ADVENTURE - This one is not easy - in fsct
we challenge you to complete it in 30 days. If you do
ve will send you any adventure we sell - postpaid - st
absolutely no charge. . You stsrt on a disabled sub
near the lost city of Atlsntis. You must get the sub
(and youraelf) 8afely to the surface. Do you think
Atlantians are friendly?
Postpaid 32K EXT Disk $24.95 16K EXT Cassette $21.95
ADVENTURE STARTER - Lesrn to play those adventures the
psinless way. You start with an easy adventure and
move to an intermediate. Two complete separate non
violent adventures plus hints and tips on adventuring
in general. Finish this and you will be ready for
ATLANTISi
16K EXT Postpaid Disk $20.95 Csssette $17.95
C.O.D. orders please add 1 .50
No Delay For Personal Checks
In a Hurry? Call (61 5) 238-9458
OWLS NEST SOFTWARE
P. O. BOX 579
OOLTEWAH. TN 37363
91 FOR Z=1T0 75: NEXT
95 DRAW'C3BM60,45"+B$
100 DRAW'C2BM70,45"+A$
101 FOR Z=1TO150:NEXT
105 DRAW'C3BM70,45"+A$
110 DRAW'C2BM75,55"+A$
111 FOR Z=1T0125:NEXT
115 DRAW'C3BM75,55"+A$
120 DRAW'C2BM85,60"+A$
121 FOR Z=l TO 12 5: NEXT
125 DRAW'C3BM85,60"+A$
130 DRAW'C2BM90,70"+A$
131 FOR Z=1T075:NEXT
135 DRAW I C3BM90,70"+A$
140 DRAW"C2BM95,75 II +C$
141 FOR Z=1T0175:NEXT
145 DRAW'C3BM95,75"+C$
150 DRAW'C2BM110,90"+D$
151 FOR Z=1TO100:NEXT
155 DRAW"C3BM110 / 90 II +D$
160 DRAW"C2BM120,90"+D$
161 FOR Z=1TO100:NEXT
165 DRAW"C3BM120,90"+D$
170 DRAW'C2BM130,95"+D$
171 FOR Z=l TO 125: NEXT
175 DRAW"C3BM130,95"+D$
180 DRAW'C2BM140,95"+C$
181 F0RZ=1T0125:NEXT
185 DRAW"C3BM140,95 M +C$
190 DRAW'C2BM150,95"+F$
191 FOR Z=1T0 17 5: NEXT
195 DRAW'C3BM150,95"+F$
200 DRAW" C2 BM140 , 80"+A$
201 FOR Z=1T0125:NEXT
205 DRAW"C3BM140,80"+A$
210 DRAW'C2BM130,75"+A$
211 FOR Z=1TO100:NEXT
215 DRAW»C3BM130,75"+A$
220 DRAW'C2BM120,70"+A$
221 F0RZ=1T075:NEXT
225 DRAW"C3BM120,70"+A$
230 DRAW"C2BM120,60"+A$
231 FOR Z=1T075:NEXT
235 DRAW"C3BM120 / 60"+A$
240 DRAW'C2BM120,50"+A$
241 FOR Z=1T075:NEXT
245 DRAW"C3BM120,50"+A$
250 DRAW'C2BM125,45"+B$
251 FOR Z=1T075:NEXT
255 DRAW'C3BM125,45"+B$
260 DRAW'C2BM120,40"+E$
261 FOR Z=1T075:NEXT
265 DRAW"C3BM120,40"+E$
270 DRAW"C2BM125,35"+E$
271 FOR Z=l TO 100: NEXT
275 DRAW'C3BM125,35"+E$
280 DRAW"C2BM130,25"+A$
281 FOR Z=1T075:NEXT
285 DRAW
290 DRAW
291 F0RZ=1T075:NEXT
295 DRAW
300 DRAW
301 FOR Z=1T0 75: NEXT
305 DRAW
310 DRAW
311 FOR Z=1T075:NEXT
315 DRAW
320 DRAW
325 DRAW
330 DRAW
335 DRAW
340 DRAW
345 DRAW
350 DRAW
C3BM130,25"+A$
C2BM135,20"+A$
C3BM135,20"+A$
C2BM140,15"+A$
C3BM140, 15"+A$
C2BM145, 15"+C$
C3BM145,15"+C$
C2BM145,10"+G$
321 FOR Z=1T0 75: NEXT
C3BM145 / 10"+G$
C2BM150,10"+H$
331 FOR Z=1T0125:NEXT
C3BM150, 10"+H$
C2BM160 / 10"+D$
341 FOR Z=1T0 75:NEXT
C3BM160,10"+D$
C2BM160,5"+D$
351 FOR Z=1TO200:NEXT
355 DRAW I C3BM160,5"+D$
1000 GOTO10
171 .
260 .
END
..97
.37
144
203
Listing 3: FLIGHT 2
T
0 '<LISTING3>
1 1 CREATED BY J. KOLAR, 1985
10 PMODE3 , 1 : PCLS3 : SCREEN1 , 0
11 DRAW'C1BM0,140R40D10R10U90R10
D30R50D50R40U40R10D40R10U90R40D1
00R10U10R10D10R10U40R20BD50L255"
12 PAINT (5, 145) ,2,1
13 PAINT(5,190) ,1,1
20 A$="F6E6"
21 B$="F6R6" k
22 C$="R6E6"
23 D$="E6F6"
24 E$="F12"
25 F$="E12"
2 6 G$="R12"
27 H$="R6F6"
30 DRAW'C2BM10,10 M +B$
31 SOUND125,3
35 DRAW'C3BM10, 10»+B$
40 DRAW I C2BM15,20"+A$
41 SOUND 89,2
45 DRAW I C3BM15,20"+A$ ■
50 DRAW'C2BM25,20"+A$
51 SOUND125,3
55 DRAW'C3BM25,20"+A$
60 DRAW'C2BM35,20 I, +A$
44
THE RAINBOW March 1986
WELL RESPECTED
&
HIGHLY ACCLAIMED
WORD PROCESSOR
Elite»Word is highly respected for its powerful
features AND excellent ease-of-use. Don't compro-
mise one for the other . . . Elite* Word is ready to do
your letters and reports. 32K req.
Elite»Word (Disk) -Radio Shack #90-0184 $69.95
Elite»Word (Tape) — Radio Shack #90-01 83 $69.95
Elite«Word / OS-9-Radio Shack #90-01 86 $79.95
Elite»Word/PBJ' (Disk or Tape) 80 column display $79.95
Elite«Word is a terrific word processor with an im-
pressive list of features, yet it's easy to learn and use.
— Stuart Hawkinson, HOT COCO
1 like Elite»File ... it s power and speed have to be
seen to be appreciated.
-Ed Lowe, RAINBOW
Bruce Cook's Elite»Calc is, . . . potentially one of the
great Color Computer programs. ... is the easiest to
use and most intuitive of the major CoCo speadsheet
calculators."
— Scott Norman, HOT COCO
SPELLING CHECKER
Elite«Spel checks your text against its powerful
24,000 word dictionary, and does the job FAST.
You won't wait long with Elite* Spel reading your
text. 32K req,
Elite»Spel (Disk only) -Radio Shack #90-0185. . . . $39.95
Elite»Spel (When purchased with
Elite»Word from ELITE) $15.00
Elite»Spel / PBJ' (Disk only) 80 column display $49.95
TERMINAL PROGRAM
Elite«Comm turns your CoCo into a powerful 300
baud terminal, and it's smooth and easy to use.
Elite»Comm (Tape or Disk) $39.95
Elite'Comm / PBJ* (Tape or Disk)
80 column display $49.95
Too often, "power" is achieved at the expense of
simplicity of operation. Elite Software has more than
met that challenge with their Elite*Word . . .
-Don Lloyd, ONLINE TODAY- COMPUSERVE
Not all software "plays" the same . . .
Our programs have been widely recognized
for their ease-of-use, powerful features,
performance speed, and cross-file com-
patability.
Elite Software DOES make a difference.
Hike S&Atusate
SPREADSHEET
Elite«Calc/3.0 gives you more features than the
widely acclaimed Elite«CaIc. You get Window
Lock, 4 screen displays, expanded worksheet
storage and more. 32K req.
Elite»Calc/3.0 (Disk) -Radio Shack #90-0 188 $69.95
E1ite»Calc/3.0 (Tape) -Radio Shack #90-01 97 ... $69.95
Elite«Calc (Original ver. 1 .2) Tape or Disk . > . , $39.95
Elite«Calc/3.0/PBJ* (Disk only) 80 column display $79.95
DATABASE MANAGER
Elite»File is the database manager that handles
more total records, larger records, and manipulates
data faster. Whether your data is inventory items or
recipes, Elite*File is the correct choice. 32K req.
Elite«File (Disk only) — Radio Shack #90-01 89 $74.50
Elite«File / PBJ* (Disk only) 80 column display .... $79.95
'Requires PBJ Word Pak hardware
ft
Buy direct: Add $3.00 shipping
PA residents add 6% sales tax
NOW AT
£11 It a Software
Radio /haeK
STORES
Available via Expraaa Ortar
&h«cfc it ■ tr«d n n » « Ttntfy Corporation
201 Penn Center Blvd., Suite 301, • Pittsburgh, PA 15235 • (412)795-8492
Elite*Home lets your Color Computer manage some very
important household items. In creating Elite 9 Home, we se-
lected the most requested home database applications,
and custom designed E//7e«Home to handle them. AH of
these custom applications are completely finished, fully
detailed and READY TO USE. Just load-in YOUR data. One
major advantage is that Elite*Home contains a modified
• COLLECTIONS —Build a complete catalog of all your personal
collections, like Stamps, Photos, Records, etc.
• IMPORTANT DATES — Quicklyl What dates are coming up that are
important to you? See, you need Elite* Home already to remember
Birthdays, Anniversaries, Quarterly payments, etc.
• CREDIT CARD INVENTORY —If you lost your wallet/purse
tomorrow, who would you contact, and with what information?
Elite^Home would remember.
• HOME INVENTORY - In case of fire or theft, could you remember all
details for lost items? Why not let your children catalog your po-
ssessions on EIUe«Home. You gain protection, they gain computer
database experience.
EXCEPTIONAL VALUE
$59.95 Order Now! 32K, Disk Only
version of our highly respected Elite*File program. This
feature insures that you'll get fast and efficient processing
of your information, without having to learn all the messy
details about databases. Look at the applications below.. .
at less than $10 per application area, Elite*Home offers an
exceptional user value.
MAILING LABELS —Stop hand addressing the same envelopes when
paying bills every month. Elite'Home is ready to do your mailing lists
for Clubs, Church, Leagues, and Bill paying.
PHONE BOOK —OK, so we all keep a personal phone book . . ,
whether it's in the kitchen drawer or our briefcase. If you used the
Elite«Home phone book, you could ask for a display of all the card
club phone numbers, do a search for the "contractor" that did that
work last year (what was his name anyway?), etc.
CAR REPAIRS -When was the last time you changed oil in that
car(s) of yours? When is state inspection due? Let Elite»Home keep
track of your service records, and inspection dates.
CHECKS —At tax time, do you go back through your check book and
total checks for donations? What about the total for medical ex-
penses? With data from your checks stored on Elite«Home, you can
quickly select any grouping of checks for a display and total.
Not available thru Radio Shack.
Elite^Desk
Elite*Desk brings a calculator, calendar, note pad, and
ASCII table to your Color Computer. You can use
Elite 9 Desk by itself, or have it run co-resident with any pro-
gram in the Elite Software series. Imagine being able to
"pull down" a calendar or calculator while typing text on
Elite*Word, saving notes while using Elite 9 Calc, or "call-
ing-up" an ASCII table while working on a Basic program.
We've made Elite*Desk fully re-locatable so you can try it
with other programs as well. Whether you use Elite*Desk
by itself, or along-side another program, it's a valuable
addition to your software library. Remember, if you've ever
reached for a calculator, calendar, or note pad while using
your Color Computer . . . then you need Elite^Desk.
El
CALCULATOR -Full featured, with all standard functions . . .
plus 3 memories. Also works in HEX as an added feature for
programmers.
CALENDAR —Shows all days in any month. Lets you "scroll"
through months and years with the arrow keys.
El
El
ASCII TABLE -Full table displays all hex and ASCII values.
An excellent quick-reference tool.
NOTE PAD -Write and save a full screen of text for later
reference. Also includes directory and kill-file capability.
16K if used alone
64K with other programs
Buy direct: Add $3.00 shipping
PA residents add 6% sales tax
EXCEPTIONAL VALUE
$49.95 Order NOW! Disk Only
Not available thru Radio Shack.
201 Penn Center Blvd., Suite 301,* Pittsburgh, PA 15235 • (412)795-8492
Move your Co Co into the "big leagues " with
£tite Software and PBJ Word Pak II
FULL 80 COLUMN CAPABILITY
• No Tools— Everything plugs together
• No Hardware modifications
• ELITE SOFTWARE a PBJ U 0 R P * P ft <
ftt l»i... you can give fOUR Color Corfuter a full SO character &C iwi
display, AND have powerful software that's easy to use. Elite Software and
the PBJ Word-Pa*!.... truly a winning cot* 1 nation.
It's easy... all you need for an 90 coluwi display is Word-P*. [J, a "'f" Cable
(for disk, users), and a Monitor. Everything plugs together. NO harduare
Modifications are needed.
Imagine using the power of a program hi* Elitt«Uord with an 80 solum
display. Elite*fard/PBJ practically displays your final docuwent. Just lot*
ft this screen. . . you see Right-Side text justification, Page Nurtwring,
ftrttot Page Margin, Page Break., Top Margin, and Auto-Ur* Centering.
EIite^tord/PBJ can display even Morei EUte*Spel/PBJ will find your spelling
■ at m urn
l *W LOOK AT f HI 1
}' »)> FULL M C 0 L U Iff II I I S P L 0 V «.«
5- ie*j:ssts;;s53s;esssssssKS?ctSBasc5aS5SseK»ssB?ttSM3ssaau?ssawt:Ksss¥Kw»»M
AT THIS llll
t. U If II I I S P L 0 V ««
errors. And >ift look at Elite*Calc/PBJ with an 80 coluwi screen display.
9 CHK I
tl lili
11 m\
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1* 1823
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ttOHTHLV CHECK LISTER
W1TUH TO
ELITE. IHC
tlECTRIC LIGHT CO
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ELITE, IRC
RAIIO SHACK
ELITE, IHC
IftflftCE HfWflft!' 11243.5*
mi
4/IV84
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179 95
1182.58
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Elite* Word/PBJ* (Disk or Tape) 80 column display
$79.95
Elite»Calc/3.0/PBJ* (Disk only) 80 column display
$79.95
Elite»Spel/PBJ* (Disk only) 80 column display
$49.95. Only $20.00 when purchased with
Elite»Word/PBJ. Elite«File/PBJ* (Disk only)
80 column display $79.95. Elite»Comm/PBJ*
(Tape or Disk) 80 column display $49.95.
Hardware required:
WORD-PAK II
Our Price $125.00
$3.00 Shipping/Handling
"Y" Cable Connector $25.00
Disk Manager/PBJ . . . Lets you move files from
one disk to another. Also, purge files or move them
to tape. Works with one or more disk drives. List
$39.95.
Mot available thru Radio Shack.
CoCo
READY NOW! An excellent implementation of the famous
LISP language, now available for the Color Computer. Now
you can have the language that has been gaining much
attention in the field of artificial intelligence and other
applications. CoCo-LISP supports all the LISP primitives,
including data structure (LISTs), recursive functions, and
• Gse functions as data for other functions
• Permits functions to be called recursively
• Add your own functions; use as if built-in
• Write self-modifying programs
• Over 70 built-in functions
SUPER VALUE
$89.95 Order NOW!
garbage-collection. CoCo-LISP has over 70 built-in func-
tions, super performance, and a high-res, full-screen
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puter version, CoCo-LISP is for you. 64K, RSDOS required.
• Supports all LISP primitives
• High-res screen with true upper/lower case display
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• Full disk access and printer supported
64K Disk only.
£/ite Software
Not available thru Radio Shack.
201 Penn Center Blvd., Suite 301, • Pittsburgh, PA 15235 • (412)795-8492
+A$
+B$
+B$
+E$
+E$
+B$
+A$
+A$
+A$
+A$
+A$
+A$
+A$
+C$
61 SOUND159,2
65 DRAW"C3BM35,20
70 DRAW"C2BM40,35
71 SOUND125,3
75 DRAW"C3BM40,35
80 DRAW"C2BM50,40
81 SOUND89,2
85 DRAW"C3BM50,40
90 DRAW"C2BM60,45
91 SOUND89,3
95 DRAW"C3BM60,45 M +B$
100 DRAW"C2BM70,45"+A$
101 S0UND159,2
105 DRAW"C3BM70,45
110 DRAW"C2BM75, 55
111 SOUND133,2
115 DRAW"C3BM75,55
120 DRAW"C2BM85,60
121 SOUND133,2
125 DRAWC3BM85, 60
130 DRAW"C2BM90,70
131 S0UND89,2
135 DRAW"C3BM90,70
140 DRAW"C2BM95,75
141 S0UND89,2
145 DRAW"C3BM95,75"+C$
150 DRAW"C2BM110,90"+D$
151 SOUND125,2
155 DRAW M C3BM110
160 DRAWC2BM120
161 S0UND125,2
165 DRAW"C3BM120
170 DRAWC2BM130
171 S0UND125,2
175 DRAWC3BM130
180 DRAW"C2BM140
181 SOUND133,2
185 DRAWC3BM140
190 DRAWC2BM150
191 SOUND170,2
195 DRAW"C3BM150
200 DRAW"C2BM140
201 SOUND133,2
205 DRAWC3BM140
210 DRAWC2BM130
211 SOUND 125,2
215 DRAW"C3BM130
220 DRAW M C2BM120
221 SOUND89,2
225 DRAW M C3BM120
230 DRAWC2BM120
231 SOUND89,2
235 DRAW"C3BM120
240 DRAWC2BM120
241 SOUND89,2
245 DRAWC3BM120
250 DRAW"C2BM125
251 SOUND89,2
255 DRAW"C3BM12 5,45"+B$
90
"+D$
90
"+D$
90
"+D$
95
"+D$
95
"+D$
95
"+C$
95
"+C$
95
"+F$
95
"+F$
80
"+A$
80
"+A$
75
"+A$
75
"+A$
70
"+A$
70
"+A$
60
"+A$
60
"+A$
50
"+A$
50
"+A$
45
"+B$
40
35
35
25
25
20
20
15
15
15
15
10
10
10
10
10
•+E$
'+E$
'+E$
•+A$
•+A$
•+A$
■+A$
'+A$
•+A$
•+C$
'+C$
•+G$
'+G$
•+H$
'+H$
'+D$
10"+D$
5"+D$
260 DRAW"C2BM120 / 40"+E$
261 SOUND89,2
265 DRAW"C3BM120
270 DRAW"C2BM12 5
271 SOUND125,2
275 DRAWC3BM125
280 DRAW"C2BM130
281 SOUND89,2
285 DRAWC3BM130
290 DRAW"C2BM135
291 SOUND89,2
295 DRAW"C3BM135
300 DRAW"C2BM140
301 SOUND89,2
305 DRAWC3BM140
310 DRAW"C2BM145
311 SOUND 89,2
315 DRAW"C3BM145
320 DRAW"C2BM145
321 SOUND89,2
325 DRAWC3BM145
330 DRAW"C2BM150
331 SOUND13 3,2
335 DRAW"C3BM150
340 DRAW"C2BM160
341 SOUND89,2
345 DRAW"C3BM160
350 DRAW"C2BM160
351 SOUND 176,2
355 DRAW M C3BM160,5"+D$
1000 FOR Z=l TO 1000: NEXT :GOTO10
Listing 4: BATS
0 '<BATS>
1 1 (C) 1985, J. KOLAR
10 PMODE3,l:PCLS 3: SCREEN 1,0
11 DRAW"C1BM0,135R44D10R6U90R10D
30R50D50R40U40R10D40R10U90R40D10
0R10U10R10D10R10U40R20BD54L255"
12 PAINT(5,145) ,2,1
13 PAINT(5,190) ,1,1
20 A$="F6E6 M
23 D$="E6F6"
30 DRAW"C2BM=X; ,=Y;"+A$
32 GOSUB100
35 DRAW"C3BM=X; ,=Y;"+A$
40 DRAW"C2BM=X ;,=Y ;"+D$
42 GOSUB100
45 DRAW"C3BM=X; ,=Y;"+D$
50 DRAW"C2BM=X; ,=Y;"+A$
52 GOSUB100
55 DRAW"C3BM=X; ,=Y;"+A$
60 DRAW"C2BM=X; ,=Y; M +D$
62 GOSUB100
65 DRAW"C3BM=X; ,=Y;"+D$
70 X=RND(25) *10-10 : Y=RND (15) *10
71 GOTO30
100 FOR Z=1TO10: NEXT .'RETURN /R\
48 THE RAINBOW March 1986
16K
ECB
, the- *
RAINBOW
program for an important announcement
and Couch Potatoes
«• " *!
Bill Bernico
* *
®1$
hat's the matter? Is your family
on your case because your com-
puter's always hooked up to the
television and they can't watch their
favorite shows? Now you can "solve" that
problem with TV Shows (provided they
haven't already disconnected you from the
tube).
Actually "solve" is not quite accurate.
Though this program doesn't truly solve
that very real dilemma, it does offer a
tongue-in-cheek response to it by using the
CoCo's sound and graphics capabilities.
Upon running the program you'll see a
familiar sight — a television set. Along the
left side of the screen you are presented
with a list of nine choices. The last seven
are things to watch on the TV and the first
two are options that allow you to either
turn the television on or off. Your choice
Bill Bernico is a self-taught computerist who enjoys golf,
music and programming. He is a drummer with a rock band
and lives in Sheboygan, Wisconsin*
i4
It-! I E" CmJ
is selected by using the up and down
arrows. When you have chosen your
option, press ENTER.
What! You selected a television show
but nothing happened? Did you re-
member to turn the set on? Just as in
real life, you can't watch anything until
you first turn on the TV. Move the
arrow to the top and press ENTER. Now
the set's on and you can go ahead and
select a program.
When you're finished watching tele-
vision, don't forget to turn it off again.
You can do this by moving the arrow up
to the second option and pressing
ENTER, Once the set is turned off, trying
to select anything else is useless; the set
has to be on first.
Any questions about how this pro-
gram was constructed may be directed
to me at my address in the listing (lines
20-40). Please send an SASE for a
reply. □
Sample Printouts
TU SHQUS
TURN jOM TU
NETWORK NEMS
CAR CARE SHOW
WESTERN HOUIE
THE LOUE BOAT
MUSIC TELEVISION
COPS AND ROBBERS
THREE STOOGES
^^4<
240 22 680 .
410 ......117 730 .
530 ......112 770 .
640 205 END
..83
.163
..21
.153
T
The listing: TV SHOWS
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
'TELEVISION SHOWS
'BY BILL BERNICO
'708 MICHIGAN AVE.
' SHEBOYGAN , WI 53081
' (414) 459-7350
CLEAR 500
SP$="BR6
PD$="BR3R
100 WA$="F2R2E2UDF2R2E2UDF2R2E2U
DF2R2E2UDF2R2E2UDF2R2E2UDF2R2E2U
DF2R2E2UDF2R2E2UDF2R2E2UDF2R2E2U
DF
110 N1$="BR3NU4
120 N3$="BR3R3U2NL2U2NL3BD4
130 A$=" BR3U3 ERFDNL3 D2
140 B$="BR3U4R2FGNL2FGL2BR3
150 C$="BR4REGLHU2ERFBD3
160 D$="BR3U4R2FD2GL2BR3
170 E$="BR3NR3U2NR2U2R3BD4
180 F$="BR3U2NR2U2R3BD4
190 G$=" BR3 BU4 BR3 L2 GD2 FREULBR2 BD
2
200 H$="BR3U4D2R3U2D4
210 I$="BR3R2LU4NLRBD4
220 J$="BR3BUFREU3LR2BD4
230 K$=" BR3U2RNF2NE2LU2BR3BD4
240 L$="BR3NR3U4BR3BD4
250 M$="BR3U4FRED4
TU SHOW S
TURN -ON I TU
TURN 'OF F TU
«-» NETWORK NEWS
CAR CARE SHOW
WESTERN HOUIE
THE LOUE BOAT
MUSIC TELEUISION
COPS AND ROBBERS
THREE STOOGES
260 N$="BR3U4F3DNU4
270 0$="BR3BUU2ERFD2GLNHBR
280 P$="BR3U4R2FGL2BR2BD2
290 Q$="BR3BUU2ERFD2GNUNRLHBR3BD
300 R$="BR3U4R2FGL2RF2
310 S $ = " BR3 R2 EHLHER2 BD4
320 T$="BR3BU4R4L2D4BR
330 U$="BR3NU4R3NU4
340 V$="BR3BU4D3FRENU3BD
350 W$="BR3NU4ERFNU4
360 X$="BR3UE2UDGHUDF2D
370 Y$= " BR3 BU4 DFEUDGD2 BR
380 PMODE4,l:PCLSl:SCREENl,l:COL
OR0 , 1 : DRAW'S 4 BM130 , 170C0U90R100D
90L100BE9U72R70D72L70": PAINT (142
,91) ,0,0: CIRCLE (220, 100) , 7 : FOR X
=120 TO 150 STEP10:CIRCLE(220,X)
,4:NEXT:CIRCLE(178,80) ,11,0,1,-5
,1:DRAW"BM178,70NH30E30BM220, 100
U7D14": CIRCLE (148, 40) ,2
390 CIRCLE (208, 40) , 2 : PAINT ( 178 , 7
7) ,0,0:DRAW"BM10,9S8"+T$+V$+SP$+
S$+H$+O$+W$+S$:DRAW"BM10,11R50
400 DRAWS4" : LINE ( 17 , 3 9 ) - ( 90 , 3 1)
,PSET,B:PAINT(18,36) ,0,0:DRAW"BM
16,37Cl"+T$+U$+R$+N$+SP$+0$+N$+S
P$+T$+V$ : DRAWC0 " : LINE ( 17 , 54 ) - ( 9
0,46) ,PSET,B:PAINT(18,51) ,0,0:DR
AWBM16 , 52Cl"+T$+U$+R$+N$+SP$+0$
+F$+F$+SP$+T$+V$
410 DRAW"S4BM15,68C0"+N$+E$+T$+W
$+0$+R$+K$+SP$+N$+E$+W$+S$ : DRAW"
BM15 , 83 "+C$+A$+R$+SP$+C$+A$+R$+E
$+SP$+S$+H$+0$+W$ : DRAWBM15 , 98"+
W$+E$+S$+T$+E$+R$+N$+SP$+M$+0$+V
$+I$+E$ : DRAW "BM 15 , 113 "+T$+H$+E$+
SP$+L$+0$+V$+E$+SP$+B$+0$+A$+T$
420 DRAW"BM15,128"+M$+U$+S$+I$+C
$+SP$+T$+E$+L$+E$+V$+I$+S$+I$+0$
+N$ : DRAW "BM 15 , 143 »+C$+0$+P$+S$+S
P$+A$+N$+D$+SP$+R$+0$+B$+B$+E$+R
50
THE RAINBOW March 1986
$+S$ : DRAWBM15 , 158"+T$+H$+R$+E$+
E$+SP$+S$+T$+0$+0$+G$+E$+S$
430 H=0:V=96:ZZ=0
440 BB$="R10NH3G3
45)3 DRAW"C0BM=H; ,=V;"+BB$
460 II$=INKEY$
470 IF II$=CHR$(94)THEN DRAW'CIB
M=H ; , =V; "+BB$ : SOUND 2 10 , 1 : v-V-15
480 IF II$=CHR$(10)THEN DRAW'CIB
M=H; ,=V;"+BB$: SOUND 210,1:V=V+15
490 IF II$=CHR$(13)AND V=3 6 AND
ZZ=0 THEN 820
500 IF II$=CHR$(13)AND V=51 AND
ZZ=1 THEN 810
510 IF II$=CHR$(13)AND V=66 AND
ZZ=1 THEN 610
520 IF II$=CHR$(13)AND V=81 AND
ZZ=1 THEN 660
530 IF II$=CHR$(13)AND V=9 6 AND
ZZ=1 THEN 680
540 IF II$=CHR$(13)AND
ZZ=1 THEN 700
550 IF II$=CHR$(13)AND
ZZ=1 THEN 710
560 IF II$=CHR$(13)AND
ZZ=1 THEN 730
570 IF II$=CHR$(13)AND
ZZ=1 THEN 750
V=lll AND
V=12 6 AND
V=141 AND
V=156 AND
580 IF V>156 THEN V=156
590 IF V<36 THEN V=3 6
600 GOTO 450
610 GOSUB 830 :DRAW"C0": CIRCLE (17
6,120) / 19:CIRCLE(176 / 124) ,3
620 CIRCLE (169 ,117) ,4,0, .9:CIRCL
E (183, 117) ,4,0, .9:DRAW"BM171,126
R10DL10DR10DL10BM165 , 114R7UL7BR1
5R7DL7BM170, 129F3R6E3BM17 6 , 102D3
FDFDRDRDR8F2DFD6FRBM176 , 104DGDGD
LDLDL8G2DGD6GLBM166, 135GDGDGLGL9
GLGLGDGDGDGDGDG3BM187, 135FDFDFRF
R9FRFRFDFDFDFBM165, 135
630 DRAW"M176,160M189,135D12L5F4
M176,161LBM164, 137D10R4G4M176 , 16
0 " : CIRCLE ( 177 , 14 2 ) , 4 : PAINT (177,1
42 ) ,0 ,0 : DRAW"BM177 , 139DF2DF2DF2B
M177, 139DG2DG2DG2BM175 , 142D14RU1
4RD15RU14 " : PAINT ( 177 , 103 ) , 0 , 0 : PA
INT(175,103) ,0,0:PSET(169,117) :P
SET(183,117)
640 DRAW"BM149,9 6"+B$+U$+L$+L$+E
$+T$+I$+N$:FOR X=l TO 2000 .'NEXT:
GOSUB830 : DRAWBM142 , 96"+N$+E$+W$
+S$+SP$+F$+L$+A$+S$+H$ : DRAW "BM 15
0 , 124 M +R$+A$+I$+N$+B$+0$+W$ : DRAW
"BM150,132"+M$+A$+G$+A$+Z$+I$+N$
+E$: DRAW" BM141, 140 "+N$+A$+M$+E$+
GIVE SPEED AND POWER TO YOUR COCO-2!
fURBO
•XT'
BASIC
TM
w
ith TURBO BASICS you can get for your TRS-80 color
computer 2 the speed 0/ a compiler plus the flexibility of an
interpreter, You don't need to call a special program to
compile your BASIC program. TURBO BASIC m is compatible
with DISK-BASIC and you can run your already existing pro-
grams without trouble. Here are some features of TURBO
BASIC^
Look at this benchmark for the "Sieve of Erathosthene"
program.
COCO-2
APPLE II
IBM
TIME
(SEC.)
TURBO BASIC
DISK BASIC
EXPEDITER
(COMPILER)
APPLESOFT
COMPILER
BASICA
31.3
192.9
34.9
159.0
20.1
146.5
-8 caracters variables
-64K RAM access without special command
-DISK-BASIC commands (ROM 1.0 or 1.1)
-Integer range form - 65535 to + 65535
-Automatic repeat key hold
and more-
Why use a slow BASIC if you can afford a fast and improved
BASIC for only 39,95$? Available on diskette or cassette.
□ Check enclosed □ Visa
□ Master Card □ American Express
Account Number
Signature
Card Expiration Date.
Name
nan bid.
Address
City
State
Zip
m
Sainte-Foy Stanford Toronto
DIDAKTEK Po. Box. 9755 Sainte-Foy, Quebec
G1V 4C3 CANADA
Tel.: 1-800-463-5369 1-418-651-8321
March 1986 THE RAINBOW 51
More than a book . . .
A MILESTONE
From tht pvbtHtmt of
THE RAINBOW,* Tpw Color Computer MontMy MogaUr*
Also Available!
ers use snort modules
readable code tq build com pfejt programs. The
OS-9 operating system and the high tev£l
languages it brings you maks the jbb easy,
OS-9 has go many thfn§B going for H that you
neisd s guida a?. cq'fTiprehsr^ive and thorough-
os! diftftdritfes on CS
iferetfWto SftstBrti that
ri3 7"rte Complete RafntiQW Guide fp OS-9 to
show yoEj.haw to fajfc io 0&-9 and realize the
potential of this (jyfe^fsl^iefffctent
Implementation of the r'|/. : 6per&JJf^
philosophy/
Co-authored by L. F re arid P^tef
Dibble — two of ihe ' . v" - ithtfritfes on C
9 — The i rnpleta Rainbow Bujt
dernystjfk^ the dynamic operating system th£
gives the Gofer Coifipu'ter rridfe^owGf anrf
flexibility than many of the higtvcosi compute
on the markal . , . and gtvee the afriiHv an
confidence to reach new procramrrring- heigh!
With The Complete Ramtmw. Guide To OSS;,
you will be prepared fn take full advantage of
the muftitasking system thai ts s&Kfng ne^ / ■
standards for Color Computer pmc^rpm^o.
For onfy S1S.Q,5!
ano:
f fte Reinbow Guide To OS-9 D^/c. An adjunct ft
the book for the tutorials,. an<j the package cri I -
ItengJhy programs Two^pisk Packaae, Sjai
l to UT^ book, II want
5-mstiy hours of typing Fti
□ Please send me The
Complete Rainbow Guide To
OS-9 for $19.95.*
Name
□ Please send me The Rainbow
Guide To OS-9 Disk (a
package of two disks) for
$31.* Does not include book.
Signature
Address
City
State
ZIP.
□ My check in the amount of
is enclosed.
(Mastoid)
.Card Expiration Date
□ VISA □ MasterCard □ American Express
Account Number
Mail to:
The Complete Rainbow Guide to OS-9, The Falsoft Building, P.O. Box 385, Prospect, KY 40059
To order by phone call: (502) 228-4492
*Add $1.50 per book shipping and handling in U.S. Outside U.S. add $4 per book. Allow 4 weeks for delivery. KY residents add
5% sales tax. In order to hold down costs, we do not bill. ALL ORDERS IN U.S. FUNDS.
OS-9 is a trademark of Microware Systems Corporation.
D$+SP$+N$+0$+PD$+SP$+Nl$
650 DRAWBM155, 148"+A$+G$+A$+I$+
N$+PD$:FOR X=l TO 3:QZ$="1;2;3 ;4
; 5 ; 6 ; 7 ; 8 ; 9 ; 10 ; 11 ; 12 ; " : PLAY"T905L
24V15;":PLAY QZ$ : NEXT: GOTO 450
660 GOSUB 830:DRAW"BM143,100"+C$
+A$+R$+SP$+C$+L$+I$+N$+I$+C$ : DRA
WBM141, 140R68" : CIRCLE (157 , 135) ,
5 : CIRCLE ( 192 , 13 5 ) , 5 : CIRCLE (157,1
35) ,1: CIRCLE (192 ,135) ,1:DRAW"BM1
62,136R25BM147,136NR3U20R30F7R18
D12L3BM150 , 118ND6R17D6L17R9U6BR1
1ND6R5F6ND12L11D12
670 FOR X=l TO 1500 : NEXT : EXEC 43
345:DRAW"BM184,123E13" : FOR K=20
TO 45 STEP.2:POKE 140 , RND (40) +K:
EXEC 43345:NEXT:GOTO 450
680 GOSUB 830:DRAW"BM141, 120M158
, 110ND2M164 , 104D6M171 , 116D2M178 ,
132 D2GDGLGLGNH5 LGL2HLHUHUHLHLHL2
HL2HUHU2HU2BM141 , 146E15" : CIRCLE (
167,120) ,2:CIRCLE(175,133) , 2 : DRA
WBM142 , 120ND10BR3BU2ND10BR3BU2N
D10BR3 BU2ND10BR3 BU2ND10BR3 BU2 D10
BM179,134R30BL48L8
690 DRAW"BM186,134E12G3H3F12BM19
3 , 13 4UERFDBM18 6 , 134BE9BU4H2U2E4U
2H4U2E4U2" : FOR X=l TO 2:PLAY"04T
4L9CP8L12CCP8L12CCP8L12CGP8L12EG
P8L12EGP8L12E" : NEXT: PLAY"L3C" : GO
TO 450
700 GOSUB 830:DRAW"BM147,100"+L$
+0$+V$+E$+SP$+B$+0$+A$+T$ : DRAW"B
M148,128NR48R8E3NR26E6R4G2R22G3N
D3E3L4E7L5G7L5E7L5G7R19G3D3R12D7
L44H5BM140, 134 "+WA$: GOTO 450
710 GOSUB 830:DRAW"BM145, 125C0U3
0R10F15E15R10D30L12U18G13H13D18L
12BM187, 116E8G4FRFRFRFRFRFBM198,
10 7 FRFRFRFU10BM1 4 0 , 1 4 0R6 8 BD3 L6 8 B
D3R68BD3L68BD3R68 " : CIRCLE ( 150 , 14
2) ,2:CIRCLE(158,149) ,2:CIRCLE(16
6,152) ,2:CIRCLE(174,146) , 2 : DRAW"
BM151, 142U8BM159, 149U8
720 DRAW"BM167,152U8BM175, 146U8B
M180 , 140D12 " : CIRCLE ( 18 7 , 150 ) , 2 : C
IRCLE (195 , 155) , 2 : CIRCLE (203 ,145)
, 2 : DRAW"BM188 , 150U8BM196 , 155U8BM
204,155U8":PLAY"V15T8L4O3CEGO4CP
403G04L3C" : GOTO 450
730 GOSUB830:DRAW"BM150, 100C0"+D
$+R$+A$+G$+N$+E$+T$ : DRAWBM172 , 1
10M176,117M185,117M177,122M180, 1
29M172, 126M165, 129M168 , 122M161, 1
17M169 , 117M172 , 110BM149 , 150"+S$+
T$+A$+R$+R$+I$+N$+G$ : DRAW"BM145 ,
157"+J$+A$+C$+K$+SP$+W$+E$+B$+B$
740 CIRCLE (172, 120) , 13 : SOUND 1,1
2: SOUND 34, 4: SOUND 44, 2: FOR X=l
TO 3 40: NEXT: SOUND 1,9: FOR X=l TO
700: NEXT: SOUND 1,12: SOUND 34,4:
SOUND 44,2:FOR X=l TO 340:NEXT:S
OUND 1,9: SOUND 79, 12: GOTO 450
750 GOSUB 830:DRAW"BM145,100C0"+
N3$+SP$+S$+T$+0$+0$+G$+E$+S$ : CIR
CLE(153,130) , 10 : CIRCLE (175 , 130 ) ,
10 : CIRCLE ( 197 , 130 ) , 10 : DRAWBM145
, 128R16": PAINT (146, 12 6) ,0,0: CIRC
LE(167,128) ,2:CIRCLE(168,125) ,2:
CIRCLE (169, 122) , 2 : CIRCLE (183 , 12 8
) ,2:CIRCLE(182,125) ,2
760 CIRCLE(181, 122) , 2 : PSET ( 153 , 1
33) :PSET(175, 133) : PSET ( 197 , 13 3 ) :
PSET(149, 129) :PSET(157,129) :PSET
(171,129) :PSET(179,129) :PSET(193
,129) : PSET (201, 129) : DRAWBM140 , 1
42E6BR13F3ND21E3BR16F4ND21E4BR15
F3BM147 , 155"+M$ : DRAWBM172 , 155"+
L$:DRAW"BM195, 155"+C$
NETHGRK NEWS
0 ft P. CflRE S H OH
MESTERN MOUXE
THE LOUE BOAT
MUSIC TELEUJSION
COPS flHD ROBBERS
THREE ST 005 E S
\ /
770 DRAW"BM150,13 6R6BR16R6BR16R6
780 SOUND 125, 6: SOUND 133,2:SOUN
D 146, 12: SOUND 146, 4: SOUND 170,8
: SOUND 159, 6: SOUND 146, 2: SOUND 1
46, 4: SOUND 175, 5: FOR X=l TO 350:
NEXT X: SOUND 159, 6: SOUND 146, 2 :S
OUND 146, 4: SOUND 170, 5: FOR X=l T
0 350: NEXT X: SOUND 159, 6: SOUND 1
46,2:SOUND 146,4
790 SOUND 175, 5: FOR X=l TO 350 :N
EXT X:SOUND 125,6:S0UND 133,2:SO
UND 146, 12: SOUND 14 6, 4: SOUND 170
,8:S0UND 159, 6: SOUND 146, 2: SOUND
146, 4: SOUND 175, 5: FOR X=l TO 52
5: NEXT X : PLAY"03T2V25L8EFAAAAGFD
": SOUND 89, 3 '.SOUND 109, 3: SOUND 1
2 5, 3: SOUND 109,3
800 FOR X=l TO 120: NEXT X: SOUND
125, 3: SOUND 89,3: FOR X=l TO 200:
NEXT X: SOUND 175, 2: GOTO 450
810 GOSUB 830: PAINT (142, 91) ,0,0:
ZZ=0:GOTO 450
820 GOSUB 830: GOTO 450
830 LINE (14)3, 90) -(208,160) ,PRESE
T,BF:ZZ=1: RETURN
March 1986 THE RAINBOW 53
EARS
TM
Electronic
Audio
Recognition
System
$99.95
• SPEECH
RECOGNITION
• HANDS OFF
PROGRAMMING
•HIGH
QUALITY
SPEECH
REPRODUCTION
EARS Does It All!
Two Years In the Making. Speech Systems
was formed to develop new and innova-
tive speech products. After 2 years of in-
tensive Research and Development, we
have created a trueiy sophisticated
speech recognition device. Recognition
rates from 95% to 98% are typical. Until
now, such a product was outside the
price range of the personnel computer
market, and even small businesses.
EARS is trained by your voice and capable
of recognizing any word or phrase.
Training EARS to your particular voice
print takes seconds. Up to 64 voice prints
may be loaded into memory. You may
then save on tape or disk as many as you
like so that your total vocabulary is virtu-
ally infinite.
Speech and Sound Recognition. EARS is re-
ally a sound recognition system, so it re-
ally doesn't matter whether you speak in
English, Spanish, or French. In fact you do
not have to speak at all, you can train
EARS to understand sounds such as a
musical note or a door slamming.
Hands Off Programming. Imagine writing
your own BASIC programs without ever
touching the keyboard. Everything that
free
BLANK DISK
OR TAPE
WITH EVERY
ORDER
you would normally do through a
keyboard can now be done by just
speaking.
Programming EARS Is Easy. LISTEN,
MATCH and other commands have been
added to BASIC so that programming
EARS is a piece of cake! The single BASIC
line: 10 LISTEN: MATCH will instruct
EARS to listen to you and return the
matching phrase.
It Talks. EARS is also capable of high qual-
ity speech. We mean REALLY high quality.
The speech is a fixed vocabulary spoken
by a professional announcer. Speech
Systems is currently creating a library of
thousands of high quality words and
phrases. For a demonstration call (312)
879-6844, you won't believe your ears or
our EARS.
DISK OWNERS. EARS will work with any
disk system with either a MULTI-PAK or
Y-CABLE. Our new Triple Y-CABLE was
specifically developed for those wishing
to add SUPER VOICE as a third device.
You Get Everything You Need. You get ev-
erything you need including a specially
designed professional headset style noise
cancelling microphone. The manual is
easy to use and understand. Several
demonstration examples are included so
you don't have to write your own pro-
grams unless you want to. EARS will work
in any 32K or 64K Color Computer.
SUPER VOICE $20 OFF
Imagine talking to your computer and it
talking back to you. When you need an
unlimited vocabulary, you can't beat
SUPER VOICE. For a limited time, we will
give you the SUPER VOICE for $59.95 with
your EARS purchase. Even if you already
have another speech unit, here is your
chance to buy the best and save $20.
VOICE CONTROL
Applications for EARS are astounding.
Here is our first of many listening pro-
grams to come. VOICE CONTROL is a
program specifically designed to allow
you to control any appliance in your
house with your voice and our HOME
COMMANDER (sold separately). For
example, you can control your TV by
saying "TV ON" or TV OFF". $24.95
Dealer Inquiries
Invited
We accept CASH, CHECK, COD, VISA and MASTER CARD orders.
Shipping and handling US and Canada $3.00
Shipping and handling outside the US and Canada $5.00
COD charge $2.00
Illinois residents add 6'/4% sales tax
38 W 255 DEERPATH ROAD
BATAVIA, ILLINOIS 60510
(312) 879-6880 (VOICE)
1 colorama e (312) 879-6811 (24 HR. BBS)
CALL ANY DAY TO ORDER. ALSO ORDER BY MAIL OF BBS.
9
T.M.
COCO'S MOST ADVANCED
SPEECH SYNTHESIZER.
IT TALKS, SINGS AND
MORE,
only . . . $79.95
WITH EARS OR PIANO
KEYBOARD PURCHASE
only . . . $59.95
SUPER VOICE is no ordinary speech synthesizer. It uses Silicon
Systems, Inc. SSI-263, the most advanced speech/sound chip
available. SUPER VOICE is not only capable of highly intelligible
speech, sound effects, and singing over a 6 octave range, but now
we have turned SUPER VOICE into a monophonic Super Musio
Synthesizer with our PIANO KEYBOARD.
IT TALKS. A free TRANSLATOR text-to-speech program makes
writing your own talking program as easy as SAYING "HELLO."
SUPER VOICE works in any 32K or 64K computer. A disk system
requires a Y-Cable or Multi-Pak.
Here are the facts;
the decision is yours.
SUPER VOICE
REAL TALKER
RS SPEECH
CARTRIDGE
VOICE-PAK
Synthesizer Device
SSI-263
SC-01
SP-256
SC-01
Speaking Speeds
16
1
1
1
Volume Levels
16
i
1
1
Articulation Rates
8
1
1
1
Vocal Tract
Filter Settings
255
1
1 I
1
Basic unit
of Speech
64 phonemes
4 durations each
64 phonemes
64 allophones
5 pause lengths
64 phonemes
Pitch Variations
4096 (32 absolute levels
with 6 inflection speeds)
4
1
4
FOOL'S CROSSING
The world's first TALKING HI-RES GRAPHICS adventure. Finding
the hidden treasure is the easy part, getting back home is another
story.
32K Disk $24.95
SUPER TALKING HEADS
When the SUPER VOICE speaks in a low pitched voice, the man
speaks, when a high pitched voice is used the woman
speaks $24.95
VISA'
Dealer Inquiries
Invited
We accept CASH, CHECK, COD, VISA and MASTER CARD orders.
Shipping and handling US and Canada $3.00
Shipping and handling outside the US and Canada $5.00
COD charge $2.00
Illinois residents add f>V*% sales tax
Speech Svf^t
emd
38W255 DEERPATH ROAD
B ATA VI A, ILLINOIS 60510
(312) 879-6880 (VOICE)
colorama (312) 879-6811 (24 HR. BBS)
CALL ANY DAY TO ORDER. ALSO ORDER BY MAIL OR BBS.
'TALKING SOFTWARE
9
FOR THE VOICE, SUPER VOICE ™„ RS SPEECH & SOUND PAK
RADIO SHACK®
SPEECH & SOUND TRANSLATOR
We believe that no COCO speech
synthesizer gives you the power
and flexibility of the SUPER
VOICE. Nevertheless, some have
decided to go with the Radio
Shack SPEECH & SOUND PAK.
For those we've decided to open
our TALKING LIBRARY by offer-
ing the SPEECH & SOUND
TRANSLATOR . Just load this pro-
gram and our entire library is open to you.
But that's not all, this program adds features. You get increas-
ed intelligibility, the power of an exception table to specify
specific pronunciations, $12.81 is spoken in dollars and cents,
1,234,567 is spoken in millions, thousands, and hundreds, and
much more. $24.95
TERMTALK All the features of an intelligent telecom-
munications program plus what appears on the TV is spoken.
• Upload and Download programs • Control Xmit Protocols
• Full or Split Screen • Buffer Editing
• Normal or Reverse Video • It talks
Please specify version (VOICE or RS SPEECH & SOUND PAK)
Tape $39.95 Disk $49.95
TALKING BINGO BINGO was never like this. The VOICE or
SUPER VOICE makes all the calls while you sit back and play.
Comes with 20 playing cards and 200 markers. High Resolu-
tion graphic screen, 3 timing level, ball count and pause con-
trol. $24.95
ESTHER the talking psychoanalyst. An excellent example of
artificial intelligence. She may not solve all your problems, but
her insight will amaze you. Just like the original Eliza. $24.95
SCORE E-Z A yahtzee type game. Up to six can play. $24.95
ADVENTURES
CULT OF THE CAVE BEAR You're a stranded time
traveler 50,000 years in the past. Can you fix your time
machine while still surviving in this alien environ, and make it
back? $29.95
SHIP HUNT Play Battleship with your CoCo. All status
reports are spoken. Ready battery, aim, fire at will! $24.95
FINAL COUNTDOWN You must stop the mad general
from launching a missile at Moscow and causing WW III. Has
multiple voices for added realism. $24.95
STAR TALK You're the Star Fleet Captain. Your
mission...destroy the enemies' Dragon Star Ships. All status
reports are spoken I $24.95
FOOL'S CROSSING The world's first TALKING HI-RES
GRAPHICS adventure. Finding the hidden treasure is the easy part,
getting back home is another story. $24.95
ADVENTURE GENERATOR Create talking adventure
games that are 100% Machine Language. Up to 99 rooms, 255
objects, 70 command words and 255 conditional flags.
64K Disk $39.95
SUPER VOICE SONGBOOKS— —
These two songbooks were specifically designed for the SUPER VOICE, the only speech synthesizer flexible enough to allow singing.
VOLUME I (POTPOURRI) A collection of miscellaneous tunes
for everyone. Songs include: How Much Is That Doggie in the Win-
dow, Daisy, Aloha Oe, Old McDonald and more. $19.95
VOLUME 2 (NURSERY RHYMES) Includes. Twinkle
Twinkle Little Star, Mary Had A Little Lamb, 3 Blind Mice, the Alphabet
Song and more. May be used with SUPER TALKING HEADS so
they (Paul & Pauline) sing the songs. $19.95
EDUCATION
ANIMATED SENTENCES The child
builds complete sentences from a graphic
menu using keyboard or joystick. The action
is then spoken and acted out graphically. It's
a great way to learn the parts of speech (i.e.
verb, subject, noun, etc.). $24.95
KING AUTHOR'S TALES A creative
writing tool to allow a child to write compos-
itions, or short stories. Q & A option is also
included. $29.95
COLOR MATH Addition, Subtraction,
Multiplication, and Division are mastered.
Student may specify difficulty level. $24.95
SPELL-A-TRON Student builds a dictio-
nary of words to be quizzed on. Perfect for
Spelling B. $24.95
SPELLING TESTER A graphic spelling
game. The student is shown objects to be
spelled. $9.95
POETRY CREATOR The VOICE
speech unit is used to speak poetry that is
created. $9.95
SHORT STORY MAKER A program
to create and speak stories created by the
child. $9.95
FOREIGN LANGUAGE Learn a
foreign language. French dictionary is in-
cluded. $9.95
PRESIDENTS The student is able to
master the Presidents of the U.S. $9.95
STATES A program designed to aid the
student in learning correct spelling of the
states. $9.95
CAPITALS Learning the State's Capitals
is made more interesting using speech.
$9.95
HANGMAN A word guessing game. You
must guess the word before you hang. $9.95
MATH DRILL A program to help teach
arithmetic. $9.95
AW software, except as noted, shipped on tape but may be moved to disk.
SYMPHONY
TM
A 12 VOICE POLYPHONIC STEREO MUSIC SYNTHESIZER
$79.95
$69.95
WHEN PURCHASED
WITH
MUSICA2
$59.95
WHEN PURCHASED
WITH THE
PIANO KEYBOARD
12 SIMULTANEOUS
VOICES
STEREO & MONO
4 NOISE
GENERATORS
SOUND EFFECTS
PLAYS AND CREATES
MUSICA 2 FILES
(RJ^|Jtul|:||
1 J' ! " ' , ' "":*:' ' ! ' , '1 - ! . ' , 'l y i ^ ii '^W" ! ^^ '' .^ ' : !;'! 1 '!'! " ■ ' /
SUPER POLYPHONIC. Speech Systems is
proud to bring you SYMPHONY 12, a poly-
phonic 12 voice hardware stereo music synthe-
sizer for the Color Computer. SYMPHONY 12
also gives you 4 noise generators for percus-
sion synthesis and sound effects. The PIANO
KEYBOARD and MUSICA 2 (sold separately)
turns your COCO into a real music machine
with incredible flexibility.
STEREO and MONO. By connecting SYM-
PHONY 12 to your home stereo system, music
is produced in stereo, 6 voices from each chan-
nel. However, you don't need to have a stereo
system, all 12 voices also come out of your TV
or monitor.
PICK AN INSTRUMENT. SYMPHONY 12 lets
you choose from 10 preset instruments to syn-
thesize chimes, violin, oboe, banjo,
harpsichord, piano and more. You can even
change instruments as the music plays.
SOUND EFFECTS. SYMPHONY 12 is a sophisti-
cated sound generator. 12 voices and 4 noise
generators give you incredible sound effect
capability. We have included gun shot, explo-
sion, racing car and more.
WATCH IT PLAY. As SYMPHONY 12 plays, a
graphics display of a piano keyboard shows
the notes playing. The display is entertaining
as well as very educational.
PLAY MUSICA 2 FILES. Thousands of MUSICA
2 users will be excited to know SYMPHONY
12 plays all music developed using MUSICA 2
like you have never Seen or Heard it. In fact
we highly recommend the use of MUSICA 2
as a composition development tool for SYM-
PHONY^. Use MUSICA2's superior graphics
input capability and then play it through SYM-
PHONY 12. You can also take advantage of
our MUSIC LIBRARY series (sold separately)
to give you access to over 500 music pieces
representing 20 hours of music.
ULTIMATE MUSIC DEVELOPMENT SYSTEM.
SYMPHONY 12, MUSICA 2, and the PIANO
KEYBOARD give you incredible flexibility. Im-
agine sitting down at the PIANO KEYBOARD,
playing a piece and recording it as you play
just as you would to a tape recorder. Save your
masterpiece and then using MUSICA 2 edit it
if you like and print it. If you have a MIDI
synthesizer, you can take the music and play
it using COCO MIDI (sold separately). Try that
on an IBM, APPLE, or COMMODORE (good
luck).
PIANO KEYBOARD. For those wishing to turn
SYMPHONY 12 into a real polyphonic synthe-
sizer we offer the extremely powerful and ver-
satile PIANO KEYBOARD. The PIANO
KEYBOARD was deisgned to be used in our
entire music product line. You can use it with
SYMPHONEY 12, MUSICA 2, SYNTHER 77
PLUS, and even our advanced speech synthe-
sizer, SUPER VOICE.
When using MUSICA 2, you will be using 4 of
the 12 voices available from SYMPHONY 12.
To take advantage of the full 12 voice capability
of SYMPHONY 12 you may use either the
Color Computer's keyboard or the PIANO
KEYBOARD.
Y-CABLE or MULTI-PAK.Tape users using both
SYMPHONY 12 and the PIANO KEYBOARD
will require a Y-CABLE. Disk users will require
the Triple Y-Cable or MULTI-PAK.
SYMPHONY 12, You get over a dozen music
and sound effect selections and complete
documentation. Software is shipped on Tape
or Disk.
OPTIONS
MUSIC LIBRARY (each volume) $29.95
MUSICA 2 $29.95
PIANO KEYBOARD 2Vi octave $79.95
PIANO KEYBOARD 4 octave $119.95
VISA*
Dealer Inquiries
Invited
We accept CASH, CHECK, COD, VISA and MASTER CARD orders.
Shipping and handling US and Canada $3.00
Shipping and handling outside the US and Canada $5.00
COD charge $2.00
Illinois residents add 6V*% sales tax
emA
Speech Susti
38W 255 DEERPATH ROAD
BATAVIA, ILLINOIS 60510
(312) 879-6880 (VOICE)
1 cS7* E (312) 879-6811 (24 HR. BBS)
CALL ANY DAY TO ORDER. ALSO ORDER BY MAIL OR BBS.
STEREO
PAK™
$39.95
Plug this gem into your computer, connect to your home
stereo system and sit back and enjoy music realism. The
STEREO PAK is a hardware music synthesizer that plays
our MUSIC LIBRARY series and MUSICA2 music in stereo.
Because it was designed specifically with music reproduc-
tion in mind, the sound is superb. The highs are crisp
and clear while the bass notes will rattle your walls. Inter-
nally we use two high performance 8 bit digital to analog
converters to assure fidelity.
The STEREO PAK is all hardware. It is intended as an en-
hancement for MUSICA 2 and our MUSIC LIBRARY series.
Disk users will require our Y-CABLE or a MULTI-PAK.
coco
MIDI™
$39.95
Tape or Disk
Now your COCO can talk to your MIDI music synthesizer.
Whether you have a Korg, Roland, Casio, or Yamaha, it
doesn't matter as long as it's MIDI equipped.
COCO MIDI takes any MUSICA 2 music file and plays it
through your music synthesizer. We offer you over 500
tunes from our MUSIC LIBRARY series (sold separately)
or create your own music using the best music composi-
tion program available, MUSICA 2 (sold separately).
COCO MIDI includes: documentation, plenty of music,
and the cable to connect between the COCO and your
synthesizer.
>*.t ,f ,tJJJ * 111 ts
'«iMti j it mm'^M ~m
uiimimm\\M\\i\m% i
MUSIC
LIBRARY
TM
$29.95
Tape or Disk
The MUSIC LIBRARY series consists of 5 volumes: 100,
200, 300, 400, and 500 each sold separately. Each contains
over 100 four voice music selections with a playing time
of over 3 hours each. The disk version is shipped on 5
full disks. When coupled with the STEREO PAK, the music
is reproduced with unsurpassed realism.
A JUKEBOX program is included to allow you to select
specific songs or automatically play each. These songs are
ready to go, you don't need MUSICA 2 or a knowledge
of music. MUSICA 2 users may customize each song. Re-
quires minimum of 32K.
MUSIC LIBRARY 100
Stage, Screen, & TV
Musicof the 70's
Musicof the60's
Musicof the50's
Old Time Favorites
Classical
Christmas (popular)
Christmas (traditional)
Patriotic
Polka Party
MUSIC LIBRARY 200 (another 100 selections)
MUSIC LIBRARY 300 (another 100 selections)
MUSIC LIBRARY 400 (another 100 selections)
MUSIC LIBRARY 500 (another 100 selections)
Each volume sold separately, specify tape or disk.
Write for complete list.
ALL 500 $99.95
SYNTHER Q _
77 PLUS * Dis?
We put the PLUS in SYNTHER 77 PLUS by connecting our
PIANO KEYBOARD so you can really play your COCO like
a piano.
You control vibrato pattern, Bender rate, Volume level as
well as Attack, Decay, Sustain, and Release (ADSR en-
velope). As you play you can record, then edit and save
it to disk or tape. You can even fine tune it to match other
instruments.
The PIANO KEYBOARD is not necessary, you can use your
COCO keyboard but the PIANO KEYBOARD makes your
COCO a real music instrument.
* PIANO KEYBOARD X
Now you can really play your Color Computer and pick any or all 4 instruments:
MUSICA 2, SYNTHER 77 PLUS, SUPER VOICE, and the ultimate SYMPHONY 12.
MUSICA 2 users can use the PIANO KEYBOARD as an easy method to input music.
Version 2.7 is required. Previous users may obtain an update by returning original
tape or disk with $7.00.
SYNTHER 77 PLUSturns your COCO into a music synthesizer without any additional
hardware. You specify Vibrato, Bender, Volume, as well as Attack, Decay, Sustain,
and Release (ADSR).
SUPER VOICE, COCO's most advanced speech synthesizer becomes a music synthe-
sizer when connected to the PIANO KEYBOARD.
SYMPHONY 12 and the PIANO KEYBOARD gives you a professional 12 voice music
synthesizer.
These Piano Keyboards are not toys. They are the same style, shape, size, and feel
as professional synthesizer keyboards. Disk owners must use a Y-CABLE or MULTI-
PACK.
2V 2 octave (32 note) $79.95 4 octave (49 note) $119.95
MUSICA
•When in stereo mode, music is
played through our STEREO PAK
(purchased separately).
• Loudness of each voice may be
individually specified.
• Memory available is constantly
displayed.
• Voice waveshapes may be
exchanged between voices at any
point.
• Tempo may be specified and may
even be altered as the music plays.
• Flats and sharps supported.
• Billions of timbre combinations.
• High resolution graphic display,
looks just like sheet music.
• MUSICA 2 is 100% software, no need for
hardware unless you want music produced in
STEREO. In that case, the STEREO PAK may be
purchased separately. It's a must for the
audiophile!
• Repeat bars allow repeating of music without
re-inserting music a second or third time.
«
• 30 page manual describes all.
• Requires minimum of 64K
1 92 97445008 2 75 98750000
% 3:95577000 4 95 9544320i
lG48=MEM0RY
Output music to your printer
(Gemini 10X, Epson, R.S. printers).
$29.95
Tape or Disk
• Allows you to specify key signature.
• Voice timbre (waveshape) may be
altered by specifying harmonic
content just like stops on an organ.
• During editing, voice being inserted
is displayed.
• Each measure is numbered for easy
reading of music.
• Measure bars aid in reading and
developing music.
• Each voice may be visually
highlighted for easy identification.
• 4 Voices produced simultaneously.
• Input notes from Coco keyboard,
joystick, or Piano Keyboard.
• Play music from your own BASIC program.
• Block copy music for easy music development.
• 100% machine language so it is lightning fast.
• Vibrato effect easily produced.
• With STEREO PAK, voices may be switched
between left and right speakers as music plays.
• Durations include: whole, half, quarter,
eighth, sixteenth, thirty-second, sixty-fourth,
and triplet.
MUSIC THEORY <l
SI
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TURN OF THE SCREW
The third installment of the "beginner's hardware course
An Introduction
to Timing
By Tony DiStefano
Rainbow Contributing Editor
Continuing our journey into the
CoCo, this month I will look
into the Heart of this and any
computer — timing. All the hardware
of the computer is controlled by timing.
The most important part of the timing
is to keep the CPU in step. What is a
CPU, anyway? Well, the letters CPU
stand for Central Processing Unit. The
CPU inside -the CoCo is the MC6809.
The CPU, in a way, does all the work.
It can move data from one part of
memory to another, compare two
values and act according to the result,
add and subtract values and so forth. In
fact, without the CPU, the rest of the
hardware that makes up a computer
would be worthless. The CPU is a very
complex chip. It has data lines, address
lines, interrupt lines, status lines and
more. The timing that goes with the
CPU is also important. OK, let's get
into it. It is a prerequisite to understand-
ing how a CPU works.
Up till now, when I talked about
zeros and ohes and the change from one
Tony DiStefano is well-known as an
early specialist in computer hardware
projects. He lives in Laval Quest, Que-
bec.
to the other, it was considered to be
instantaneous. There was no mention of
how long it took to change from one
state to another. In fact, we are dealing
with real life, not just theory. Situations
in theory rarely work in real life the way
"The first fact of the
real world is
propagational delay.
you want or expect them to. Welcome
to the real world of delays. Ever caught
an on-time airline flight? Ha!
The first fact of the real world is
propagational delay. Take, for instance,
a simple inverter. Figure la shows an
inverter. When there is a T at the input
there is a 4 0' at the output. A 4 0' input
will give a 1 1 ' output. But when the input
changes from one state to another, there
is a short delay before the output
changes. This delay is called the prop-
agational delay, which means the
amount of time it takes an electrical
signal to go through a logic element or
wire.
Figure lb shows a graph of the input
and the output of an inverter. The X-
axis (from left to right) shows the
passing of time. This can be in seconds,
hundredths of seconds, thousandths of
seconds and even millionths of seconds.
When no time base is given, then time
factor is not relevant. Typical delay
times for the TTL family (more on chip
families in later articles) is from five to
30 ns (ns == nanoseconds). The Y-axis
usually shows the binary level of '0' and
T. When two or more signals are shown
that are related to each other, they are
shown on top of each other with the left-
to-right passing of time common to
each.
Getting back to Figure lb, we see the
passing of time and the relation of the
input to the output. There is no delay
shown in this diagram. To show the
delays of each signal for a given com-
plex gate would confuse the diagram.
Instead, an overall delay is given for the
gate. But, in order to get used to the idea
of delays, Figure lc shows the time
delays of a typical inverter. Along with
62 THE RAINBOW March 1986
the delay of the signal there is also the
rise and fall time. The rise time of a
signal is described as the time it takes
for a given signal to reach 90 percent of
maximum voltage from the 10 percent
voltage level. The fall time of a signal
is described as the time it takes for a
given signal to drop to 10 percent
voltage from the 90 percent voltage
level. In the case of the CoCo, the
voltage considered a logical level of T
(or HI) is five volts. The logical level '0'
(or LO) is, of course, zero volts. The
actual working voltages may be slightly
different.
Delay, rise and fall times are impor-
tant mainly to the designer of the
system. When an engineer designs a
computer he must know these timings
and make sure that all operations are
within the given limits. For example,
two signals go to one gate, but one goes
through several gates first. Each time
the signal travels from one gate to
another there is more delay. If the signal
is delayed enough, an improper signal
output results.
It sounds like I'm making a big deal
of delays. While it is important, it is not
a major concern to computer hackers
(or should I use the term hobbyist?) and
even less to end users. More important
to us is another kind of delay. It is
known as "access time," which means
the mean time between the request for
memory and the actual valid data.
Let us look at a typical memory chip.
There are thousands of gates and tran-
sistors inside this chip. All of these gates
inside the chip cause a significant delay
between the time when the address to
the chip is valid and the time when the
data output appears on the data bus.
This is known as access time. When
talking about memory, an important
parameter is access time. These access
times can range from super-fast static
memory at about 10 ns to very slow
dynamic memory at 450 ns and slower.
It is this limitation that controls and
"More important to us
is another kind of
delay. It is known as
'access time, 9 which
means the mean time
between the request for
memory and the actual
valid data."
limits the speed of CPUs. Figure 2a
shows the read cycle timing diagram of
a memory chip. Figure 2b shows the
write cycle for the same chip. What
follows is a description of what each line
on the diagram means.
Address — These are the address lines
that select what byte is to be accessed.
It is shown with two lines, one high and
one low. It is shown this way because
there are usually several lines and since
the timing is the same no matter what
byte you access, it is not relevant which
address line is high or which line is low.
The two lines (one on top and one on
the bottom) represent any given address
within the chip. Where the lines criss-
cross means a change of address. That
is when the CPU is finished with that
byte and requests another by putting
another address on the bus. Access
times are always measured with respect
to the address change from the CPU.
Actually, it starts when the address is
stable, better known as a "valid ad-
dress."
Chip Select (CS) — Remember the *CS
line on memory chips in past articles?
It is used to select or activate the chip.
From the diagram of the read cycle, we
can now see the relation between when
the address is valid, the *CS line and
when the data is valid.
Data out — This, of course, is the data
that the CPU requested. Notice the data
valid area. That is the time when the
data that appears on the bus is the data
that is held in that memory location.
Notice the top and bottom dual line
display. It has the same description as
address lines, some are ones and some
are zeros. The line in front of the data
valid section is halfway between zero
and one. That means the data lines are
tri-state and no valid data is input or
output. The shaded area on both sides
of the data valid window is the transi-
tion time between tri-state and data
valid. In this area, data lines are chang-
ing to their proper values. A read in this
area will not yield valid data.
March 1986 THE RAINBOW 63
Figure 2a
Read/ Write — The *R/W line is used
to select a read cycle or a write cycle.
Straightforward, no problems there. In
the CoCo this line is logical to read
and '0' to write.
The following is a description of all
the relevant parameters used in Figures
2a and 2b.
t(rc) — Read Cycle Time: the time it
takes for a complete read cycle given in
ns.
t(a) — Access Time: the delay between
a valid address and data valid.
t(co) — Chip Select to Output Valid: the
delay between when the *CS is active
and the data is valid. This is only true
with a valid and stable address.
t(cx) — Chip Select to Output Active:
same as t(co) but not to data valid; to
when the data lines start changing from
tri-state to output. Usually of minor
importance.
t(otd) — Output Tri-state from Deselec-
tion: the time that the data stays valid
after the *CE goes inactive or deselects.
t(oha) — Output Hold from Address
Change: the time that the data stays
valid after an address change is de-
tected.
t(wc) — Write Cycle Time: same as the
t(rc) except for a write cycle.
t(w) — Write Time: the minimum time
the write line has to remain low.
t(wr) — Write Release Time: time
between the *WE line deselects and a
change of address.
t(otw) — Output Tri-state from Write:
the time it takes the data lines to go to
tri-state from a write request.
t(dw) — Data to Write Time Overlap:
the time data must be stable before the
*WE line deselescts.
t(dh) — Data Hold from Write Time:
the time data must be stable after the
*WE line deselects.
Figures 2a and 2b show the read and
write cycle paramaters for a typical
memory chip. Though these are not the
memory chips inside the CoCo, the
timing and paramaters are quite similar.
Now with no further delays, it is time
to look into the CPU . . . well, sort of!
There is one more thing we must look
into; it is CPU related, though. We are
getting closer. It is the master clock,
which is a master reference wave form
used to synchronize all of the logic in
a system.
The master clock is usually the high-
est frequency in the computer. All other
timings are derived (divided) from this
clock. The CPU clock is the speed or
frequency at which all instructions and
data are retrieved and stored to mem-
ory. Depending on the system design,
the CPU clock can be equal to the
master clock, or any division thereof. In
the case of the CoCo, the master clock
frequency is 14.31818 MHz (mega-hertz
or million hertz) and the CPU clock
frequency is 1/16 that of the master
clock at 0.8948 MHz. Well, there are
two clock speeds in the CoCo. Under
special conditions, the CPU can work
at 1.8 MHz.
Now you might say, "Wow, my CoCc
has a clock rate of only .894 MHz!'
Compared to that of the 4 MHz of othe:
computers, that may or may not b<
slower. You see, it gets more compli
cated. The CPU clock does not alwayi
mean the net speed of the computet
There are some other factors involved
such as synchronous I/O, as opposed t(
asynchronous I/O.
Let's look at synchronous I/O first.
As the word implies, synchronous I/O
means that any memory, read or write,
is synchronized. Synchronized to what?
The CPU clock, of course. On any given
clock cycle, the CPU can do one 1/ 0.
You know exactly when the CPU will
need the bus. It corresponds to the clock
cycle. In an asynchronous situation, the
CPU requires more than one clock cycle
to do a read or write. Asynchronous 1/
O requires either three or four cycles
depending on what kind of I/O it is
doing. On this type of CPU, signals are
required to tell memory or other devices
that an I/O has started.
Just about now, a little bit of math
is required. Given that the clock fre-
64 THE RAINBOW March 1986
Figure 3
READ CYCLE
SYMBOL
PARAMETER
MIN
MAX
UNIT
tpc
READ CYCLE TIME
250
NS
ta
ACCESS TIME
250
NS
tco
CHIP SELECT TO OUTPUT
85
NS
tcx
CHIP SELECT TO OUTPUT
10
NS
totd.
OUTPUT TRI-STATE FROM
DESELECTION
15
NS
toha
OUTPUT HOLD FROM ADDRESS
CHANGE
20
NS
WRITE CYCLE
SYMBOL
PARAMETER
MIN
MAX
UNIT
twc
WRITE CYCLE TIME
250
NS
tw
WRITE TIME
135
NS
twr
WRITE RELEASE TIME
0
NS
totw
OUTPUT 3-STATE FROM WRITE
60
NS
tdw
DATA TO WRITE TIME OVERLAP
135
NS
tdh
DATA HOLD FROM WRITE TIME
0
NS
quency of the CoCo is 894886 hertz or
0.894 MHz, one clock cycle is 1117
nanoseconds. The way I did this is to
transfer from frequency to time period.
The equation used is:
T= 1/F
where T' is in seconds and 'F' (fre-
quency) is in hertz. So the frequency of
0.894 MHz is a time period of
.000001117 seconds, or 1117 nanosec-
onds, or 1.117 microseconds. Now,
when we talk about speed, we can say
that the CoCo can do about one I/O per
microsecond — a much more accurate
way to measure the effective speed of a
CPU.
I hope these articles about the hard-
ware of the CoCo are informative to
you. Also, I hope I am not going too
fast; it is hard for me to judge what
audience I am writing for. If you have
some comments to make, a direction to
take or something you don't under-
stand, write to me through RAINBOW
and I'll try to answer the interesting and
common ones here in this column. Next
time, we'll look deeper into the heart of
the CoCo. ^
■ •<:■*■ ?t 'Wirt:
■ •>'} ■■ ■ v. v
ion
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THE OTHER GUY'S SOFTware (Add $250 for pottage A handling)
P.O. Box H, 55 N. Main C.O.D., Money Order, Check In U.S. Funds
Logan, UT 84321 (801) 753-7620 (Please specify if JAM controller)
March 1986 THE RAINBOW 65
Block! Kick! Duck! No, it's not a
game of football, but a rollicking
session of. . .
8y iarry Woleof f
TJ" a all started when I walked into
I | the local arcade to find the latest
l^game surrounded by crowds of
people. As I pushed my way through to
see what it was, I heard people excitedly
yelling, "Block! kick!" This got me
working day and night, trying many
different approaches to my program,
Kung Fu Fighter.
Here's the game setting: You are the
man on the left of the screen. As soon
as the game board appears, the oppo-
nent charges from the right. You must
defend yourself against the enemy with
your deadly kicks and punches, while at
the same time duck and block your
Larry Wolcott has owned a CoCo for
about four years. He is a self-taught
programmer. He attends Daniel Webs-
ter Junior High School in Milwaukee,
Wisconsin and enjoys computers and
electronics.
opponent's assaults. The controls work
like this:
Right arrow
Left arrow
Up arrow
Down arrow
'Q' key
'<§>■ key
kick
punch
block
duck
move left
move right
After striking your opponent 20
times, he falls and your score, level and
energy points are displayed; the higher
the level, the less the time interval
between your opponent's kicks and
punches, and he will be able to duck and
block your assaults more often. When
your energy points run out, so does your
life.
I have used the keyboard PEEKs
instead of the slow INKEY command to
speed- the program — this makes auto
kicking, punching, etc. I have also used
the POKE 65495,0 to speed the pro-
gram. If your computer can't handle it,
just delete it from the program.
The score is increased by five points
every time you punch your enemy, and
10 points every time you kick him.
Energy points decrease when you are
struck by your opponent (you start with
25).
After loading Kung Fu Fighter, run
it until it gets to the title screen, then
press BREAK and run it again. This only
has to be done once, right after loading
(because once in a while, the GETs do
not "get"). The program is compiled in
this order:
Lines
0-70
230-670
680-840
890-990
1000-1900
1950-2110
Function
Set variables
DRAW and GET figures
Draw title screens
Check keyboard for keys
pressed
Kick, punch, duck, walk
and block subroutines
End of game titles □
66 THE RAINBOW March 1986
4T.
The listing: KUNG FU
)3 HS=75j3
1) 3 A=j3:Al=j3
2) 3
3) 2
5) 3
6) 3 U=8
B=1:B1=1
i
270 .
460 .
630 .
780 .
980 .
1180
1380
1630
1830
1990
END
..61
.204
200
.152
..31
..25
220
158
.24
223
228
POKE 65495, 0
L=l
X=2)3:Y=1)37:X1=232 :Y1=1)37
I=. 1
7) 3
8) 3
9) 3
ljjyj
11) 3
12) 3
13) 3
14,0
15) 3
16) 3
17) 3
18) 3
19) 3
2)3)3
21) 3
22) 3
23) 3 DIMM(8,8) :DIMBL(8,8) :DIMBR(8
,8)
24) 3 DIML(8,8) :DIMSR(8,8) :DIMSL(8
,8)
25) 3
,8)
26) 3
270
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
«
i
i
kung-fu
fighter
BY: LARRY WOLCOTT
(C) 1985-VERSION 1.1
PORK N' BEAN
SOFT-WARE
DIMR(8,8) :DIMKR(8,8) :DIMKL(8
DG=25
DIMRT(8,8) :DIMLT(8,8) : DIMDR (
8,8) :DIMDL(8,8)
28) 3 CLS
29) 3 PCLS
3)3)3 DRAW"BM2)3,4R1D2L2U2R1L1D2R1D
2G2H2F2E2F2E2G2H2D6G4D2L2R2U2E4F
4D2R2 "
31) 3 GET(12, 4) -(28,2)3) ,M
32) 3 PCLS
33) 3 DRAW "BM2)3,4R1D2L2U2R1L1D2R1
D2F2R2L6E2D6G4F2H2E4F4D2R2"
34) 3 GET(12, 4) -(28,2)3) ,R
35) 3 PCLS: DRAW "BM2)3, 4R1D2L2U2R1L
1D2R1D2F2L6R2E2D6G4D2L2R2U2E4F4G
2"
360 GET(12, 4) -(28,2)3) ,L
37) 3 PCLS
38) 3 DRAW "BM2)3,4R1D2L2U2R1L1D2R1
D2G2F2H2E2D8D4R2 »
39)3 GET(12, 4) -(28,2)3) ,RT
4)3)3 PCLS
41) 3 DRAW "BM2)3,4R1D2L2U2R1L1D2R1
D2F2G2E2H2D12L2"
42) 3 GET (12, 4) -(28,2)3) , LT
43) 3 PCLS
44) 3 DRAW "BM2)3,4R1D2L2U2R1L1D2R1
D2R8L8G3R4L4E3D6F4D2R2L2U2H4G4D2
R2 "
45) 3 GET(12, 4) -(28,2)3) ,SR
46) 3 PCLS
47) 3 DRAW "BM2)3,4R1D2L2U2R1L1D2R1
D2L8R8F3L4R4H3D6G4D2L2R2U2E4F4D2
L2 "
48) 3 GET(12, 4) -(28,2)3) ,SL
49) 3 PCLS
5) 3)3 DRAW "BM2)3,4R1D2L2U2R1L1D2R1
D2R4L4G4R4L3E3D6R2E2R2E2U2D2G2L2
G2L2G4D1R2 "
51) 3 GET (12 f 4) -(28,2)3) ,KR
52) 3 PCLS
53) 3 DRAW "BM2)3,4R1D2L2U2R1L1D2R2
D2L4R4F3L4R4H3D6L2H2L2H2U2D2F2R2
F2R2F4D1L2 "
54) 3 GET(12, 4) -(28,2)3) ,KL
55) 3 PCLS
56) 3 DRAW "BM2)3,4R1D2L2U2R1L1D2R1
D2L4D2U2R4F3L6D2U2R6H3D6G4D2L2R2
U2E4F4D2L2"
57) 3 GET (12, 4) -(28,2)3) , BL
58) 3 PCLS
59) 3 DRAW "BM2)3,4R1D2L2U2R1L1D2R1
D2R4D2U2L4G3R6D2U2L6E3D6F4D2R2L2
U2H4G4D2R2"
6) 3)3 GET(12,4) -(28,2)3) ,BR
61) 3 PCLS
62) 3 DRAW "BM2)3,12R4U1R2D2L2U1L2D
4U4L2D2G4D2R2L2U2E4F4D2R2"
63) 3 GET (12,4)-(28,2)3) , DR
64) 3 PCLS
65) 3 DRAW "BM2)3,12L4U1L2D2R2U1R2D
4U4R2D2G4D2L2R2U2E4F4D2L2 "
66) 3 GET (12,4)-(28, 2)3) , DL
67) 3 PCLS
March 1986 THE RAINBOW 67
680 PM0DE4,1:PCLS:SCREEN1,1
690 LINE (4, 4) -(252, 188 ) ,PSET,B
700 DRAW "BM72,16R8D8R4U4E4R8G4D
4G4R4D4R4D4R4D8L8U4L4U4L4U4L4D12
L8U28BR28R8D8F4D12U12E4U8R8D12G4
D8G4L8H4U8H4U12BR28"
710 DRAW "R12F8U8R8D28L8U8H12D12
G4D4L8U8E4U16BR32BR4G4D20F4R16E4
U12L12D8R4G4L4H4U12E4R8F4R4U4H4L
16G4"
720 DRAW "BM100,52R20F4D8L4H4L8D
8R8D8L12D4L8U12E4U12BR28R8D8F4D1
2U12E4U8R8D12G4D8G4L8H4U8H4U12 " :
PAINT(76,20) ,5:PAINT(152,20) ,5:P
AINT(104,20) ,5:PAINT( 180,20) ,5:P
AINT(104,56) ,5
730 PAINT(132,56) ,5:PM0DE 4,1:SC
REEN1, 1
74J3 PLAY "V31;01;T5;L5;l;l;l;L2;
1 ; L5 ; 3 ; P3 ; 3 ; L2 ; 3 ; P4 ; L5 ; 2 ; 2 ; P 3 ; L5
;i;2"
750 CLS : PRINT : PRINT "***********
********************"
ii
760 PRINT: PRINT "
fighter "
77)3 PRINT: PRINT "
WOLCOTT"
780 PRINT "
kung-fu
BY: LARRY
VERSION 1.1"
BASIC COMPILER
WASATCH WARE believes that users of the Color Computer deserve the
right to use all 64k of RAM that is available in the computer, and have fast
machine language programs that use the full potential of the 6809 microprocessor.
That is why the BASIC compiler, called MLB ASK was developed, Here are some
of the reasons that make this compiler one of the best bargains in this magazine:
• Programs can use all 64k of RAM for either program storage
or for large numbers of variables and arrays like A(Z0000)
• Full Floating Point arithmetic expressions with functions
- SI BROI TINK and CALL commands allows for structured
programming and more independent program development
- Full sequential and direct access disk files allowed
- BASIC source and M.L. output I/O to disk, tape or memory
COMMANDS SUPPORTED
1. I/O -Commands
CLOSE CLOADM CSAVEM DIR DRIVE DSKIS
DSKOS FIELD FILES GET INPUT KILL
LSET OPEN PRINT PUT RSET
2. Program Control Commands
CALL END EXEC FOR STEP NEXT
GOSUB GOTO IF THEN ELSE ERROR
ON.. GO RETURN STOP SUBROUTINE
3. Math Functions
ABS ASC ATN COS
EXP FIX INSTR INT
LOC LOF PEEK POINT
SGN SIN SQR TAN
4* String Functions
CHRS INKEYS LEFTS MIDS
STRS STRINGS
5. Graphic/Sound Commands
COLOR CLS CIRCLE DRAW
PCLEAR PCLS PLAY PMODE
RESET SCREEN SET SOUND
6. Other/Special Commands
DATA DIM LLIST MOTOR
REM RESTORE RUN TAB
DST IBSHFT LREG PCOPY
REAL SREG 5HP VECTD
CYIN EOF
LEN LOG
PPOINT RND
TIMER VAL
MKNS
RIGHTS
LINE PAINT
PRESET PSET
POKE READ
VER I FY DLD
PMODD PTV
VECT1
RAINBOW
anTinciTicw
uu
Wasatch Ware
Tape- $69.95
Disk- $69.95 64KRKQURED
Both- $74.95
■ . «. * ,wv n rr , . 7350 Nutree Drive
Add $4.00 Postage and Handling ^ Jaka clfcy< !Jt;jh
Send check or Money order. 84121
No C.O.D.. Utah res. add 5% tax. Call (ROD 943-6263
II
(C) 1985"
PORK N
SOFTWARE"
PRESS
790 PRINT
800 PRINT: PRINT
• BEAN "
810 PRINT "
820 PRINT: PRINT
ANY KEY"
83 0 PRINT: PRINT "***************
******************
840 I $=INKEY$ : SCREEN0 , 1: IFI$«" "T
HEN 840
850 PCLS
860 LINE(4, 4)-(252, 188) , PSET, B
870 LINE(4,124)-(252,124) , PSET
880 DRAW"BM4,84E12R8E4R12F8R8E4R
4E4R8F16R20E16R8U4R8E4R12F8R16F8
R20F8R16R4R8F4"
890 PM0DE4 , 1 : SCREEN1 , 1
900 I$=INKEY$
910 IFPEEK(344)=247THENGOSUB1050
920 IFPEEK(343)=247THENGOSUB1260
930 IFPEEK(342)=247THENGOSUB1440
940 IFPEEK(341)=247THENA=3
9 50 IFPEEK (339) -2 51THENGOSUB15 60
960 IFPEEK(338)=254THENGOSUB1500
970 IFA=4THENPUT(X-8,Y)-(X+8, Y+l
6),DR ELSE IFA=3THENPUT (X-8 , Y) - (
X+8,Y+16),BR ELSEPUT (X-8 , Y) - (X+8
,Y+16) ,R
980 IFAl=4THENPUT(Xl-8,Yl)-(Xl+8
,Y1+16),DL ELSE IFA1=3 THENPUT (X
1-8,Y1)-(X1+8,Y1+16) ,BL ELSE PUT
(X1-8,Y1)-(X1+8,Y1+16) ,L
990 IFX1>X+18THENGOSUB1630
1000 IFXKX THENGOSUB1 690
1010 C=C+I:IFC>1THENC=0:GOSUB175
0
1020 IF H>20 THEN 1890
1030 IF DG<0 THEN 2030
1040 GOTO 900
1050 IFRND(10)>=U THEN Al=4
1060 IF XKX+10 THEN 1070 ELSE 1
150
1070 A=0:IF A1=4THEN1150
1080 LINE (X-8, Y)- (X+8, Y+16) , PRES
ET,BF
1090 PUT(X-8,Y) -(X+8, Y+16 ) ,KR
1100 PLAY"T255 ;V31 ; 12 ; 12 ; 12 ; 12 ; 1
2"
1110 LINE (X-8, Y)- (X+8, Y+16 ), PRES
ET,BF
1120 SC=SC+10:H=H+1
1130 A=0
1140 RETURN
1150 LINE (X-8, Y)- (X+8, Y+16 ), PRES
ET,BF
1160 LINE(X1^8,Y1) - (Xl+8 , Yl+16) ,
PRESET, BF
1170 PUT(Xl-8, Yl)-(Xl+8, Yl+16) ,D
L
68
THE RAINBOW March 1986
118J3 PUT(X-8, Y) - (X+8, Y+16) ,KR
1190 PUT(X1-8,Y1) -(Xl+8, Yl+16) ,D
L
12 0J3 PLAY "T2 5 5 ; V3 1 ; 1 ; 1 ; 1 ; 1 "
121J3 LINE (X-8,Y) -(X+8, Y+16) , PRES
ET,BF
122J3 LINE(X1-8,Y1) - (Xl+8 , Yl+16) ,
PRESET, BF
123J3 Al=j3
1240 A=j3
125j3 RETURN
1260 IFRND(10)>U THEN13 6J3
127j3 IF Al=3 OR Al=4THEN13 6j3
1280 IFXKX+10THEN1290ELSE1360
1290 LINE (X-8,Y) -(X+8, Y+16) , PRES
ET, BF
1300 PUT(X-8,Y) -(X+8, Y+16 ) ,SR
1310 PLAY"T255;V31;12;12;12 ;12"
1320 LINE (X-8,Y) -(X+8, Y+16) , PRES
ET, BF
1330 SC=SC+5:H=H+1
1340 A=0
1350 RETURN
136)3 LINE(X1-8,Y1) -(Xl+8, Yl+16) ,
PRESET, BF
1370 LINE (X-8,Y)- (X+8, Y+16 ), PRES
ET, BF
1380 PUT (X-8,Y)- (X+8, Y+16 ) , SR
139)3 PUT(X1-8,Y1
L
14) 3)3 PLAY "T255;
141) 3 LINE(X-8,Y)
ET, BF
142) 3 A=)3
143) 3 RETURN
144) 3 A=4
145) 3 PUT(X-8,Y)-
146) 3 PUT(X-8,Y)-
147) 3 LINE(X-8,Y)
ET, BF
148) 3 A=4
149) 3 RETURN
15) 3)3 A=0:LINE(X-
PRESET, BF
151)3 X=X+2
1520 PUT(X-8,Y)-
153)3 LINE(X-8,Y)
ET, BF
1540 X=X+2
155) 3 RETURN
156) 3 A=0:LINE(X-
, PRESET, BF
157) 3 X=X-2
158) 3 PUT(X-8,Y)-
159) 3 LINE(X-8,Y)
SET, BF
) -(Xl+8, Yl+16) ,B
V31;l;l;l;l»
-(X+8, Y+16) ,PRES
(X+8, Y+16) ,DR
(X+8, Y+16) ,DR
-(X+8, Y+16) ,PRES
8,Y) -(X+8,Y+16) ,
(X+8, Y+16) ,RT
-(X+8, Y+16) ,PRES
8,Y) -(X+1)3,Y+16)
(X+8, Y+16) , RT
-(X+1)3,Y+16) ,PRE
TRS-80 COMPUTER DISCOUNTS
COLOR COMPUTERS
26-3134 16k color II
26-31 27 64k color comp
26-3131 1st disk drive
110.00
165.00
269.95
PRINTERS
26-1276 DMP 105
26-1277 DMP-430
26-1278 DWP-220
26-1280 DMP-130
160.00
700.00
500.00
275.00
MODEL 4 and MSDOS COMPUTERS
25-1000 mod 1000
25-1004 128K memory board
25- 1005 2nd drive mod 1000
26- 3211 Monochrome moniter
26-1070 mod4D64k2dr.
26-5103 mod 2000 2dr.
26-5104 mod 2000 HD
775.00
169.95
160.00
125.00
950.00
1,400.00
2,200.00
We Carry the Complete Line of TRS-80
Computer Products at Discount Prices
CALL FOR A FREE PRICE LIST 800-257-5556
IN N.J. CALL 609-769-0551
WOODSTOWN ELECTRONICS
Rt. 40 E. WOODSTOWN, N.J. 08098
March 1986 THE RAINBOW 69
1600 X=X-2
161/3 PUT (X-8 , Y) - (X+8 , Y+16) ,R
1620 RETURN
1630 LINE(X1-8,Y1)-(X1+8,Y1+16) ,
PRESET , BF : Xl=Xl-2
1640 PUT(X1-8,Y1)-(X1+8,Y1+16) ,L
T
1650 LINE(X1-8,Y1) - (Xl+8 , Yl+16) ,
PRESET , BF
1660 Xl=Xl-2
1670 IF DG<=0 THEN 2030
1680 RETURN
1690 LINE(X1-8,Y1) -(Xl+8, Yl+16) ,
PRESET, BF
1700 Xl=Xl+2
1710 PUT(X1-8,Y1) -(Xl+8, Yl+16) ,L
T
1720 LINE(X1-8,Y1) -(Xl+8, Yl+16) ,
PRESET, BF
1730 Xl=Xl+2
1740 RETURN
1750 IFX1>X+10THENRETURN
1760 IFXKX THENRETURN
1770 IFA=3 OR A=4THEN1840
1780 LINE(X1-8,Y1) -(Xl+8, Yl+16) ,
PRESET, BF
1790 IF1=1 THENPUT(X1-8,Y1) -(X1+
8, Yl+16), KL ELSE PUT (Xl-8 , Yl) - (X
1986
BEST OF THE UPGRADES LIST
1. Memory 64K DRAMS . . .from . . , $ 19
256K Kits ■ 98
2. ROM/BASIC Color Basic 12 19
Extended Basic 1 . 1 . . 29
Disk Basic 1.1 29
ADOS 40
3. Storage Drive 0 $209
Drive 1 (external) 135
Drive 1 (internal) 80
4. Controllers J&M (you supply DOS) $ 89
'Super Controller' .... 95
5. Monitor Driver Original Coco .... $ 24
Coco II 34
6. Monitors Hi-Res Green/Amber ... $ 89
Color with audio 169
7. Lower Case Kit $ 49
8. Deluxe Keyboards . . . .from .... $ 59
Please specify model or cat * of your CoCo when or-
dering. Brands and prices subject to stock availabil-
ity. Send for free price list on over 200 Coco items.
1+8, Yl+16) ,SL
1800 DG=DG-1
1810 PLAY "O5;T255;12;ll;10;9;8"
1820 LINE (Xl-8, Yl) -(Xl+8, Yl+16) ,
PRESET , BF
1830 RETURN
1840 LINE (Xl-8 , Yl) - (Xl+8 , Yl+16) ,
PRESET, BF
1850 IFRND(2)=2THENPUT(Xl-8, Yl) -
(Xl+8, Yl+16) ,SL ELSEPUT(X1-8,Y1)
-(Xl+8, Yl+16) , KL
1860 LINE(X1-8,Y1) -(Xl+8, Yl+16) ,
PRESET, BF
1870 PLAY "05;T255;1;1;1;1"
1880 RETURN
1890 LINE (Xl-8 , Yl) - (Xl+8 , Yl+16 ) ,
PRESET , BF
1900 PLAY "04;T6;2;3;4;5;6;P3;5;
6 ; P 3 ; 5 ; 6 ; P 2 ; 4 ; P 3 ; 1 ; 2 ; 3 ; 4 ; 5 ; P 3 ; 6 ;
LI ; 4 «•
1910 PLAY "T10;P1;O5;T10;12 ;P3;1
1 ; 11 ; 10 ; 10 ; 9 ; 9 ; L3 ; 8 "
1920 PUT(X1-8,Y1) -(Xl+8, Yl+16) ,D
L,OR
1930 PUT(X-16,Y) -(X,Y+16) ,M
1940 PLAY "04;T15;1;2;1;2;3;2;3;
3 ; 4 ; 3 ; 4 ; 4 ; 5 ; 4 ; 5 ; 5 ; 6 ; 5 ; 6 ; 6 ; 7 ; 6 ; 7 ;
7 ; 8 ; 7 ; 7 ; 8 ; 9 ; 8 ; 8 ; 9 ; 8 ; 9 ; 9 ; 10 ; 11 ; 12
; 12; 12; 12"
1950 CLS
1960 PRINT @0,» YOUR SCORE»";SC:
L=L+1
1970 PRINT "YOUR LEVEL NOW»";L:
PRINT "YOUR ENERGY POINTS»";DG
1980 PRINT : PRINT : PRINT : PRINT : PRI
NT " PRESS ANY KEY
ii
1990 I$=INKEY$
2000 IF I$=""THEN 1990
2010 X=50:X1=200:H=0:I=I+.1:GOTO
850
2020 GOTO 2020
2030 PLAY "01 ;T15; 12; 11; 12; 11; 1)3
; 9 ; 10 ; 9 ; 8 ; 9 ; 7 ; 8 ; 6 ; 7 ; 5 ; 6 ; 4 ; 5 ; 3 ; 4 ;
2;3;l;2;l;l;l"
2040 CLS
2050 PRINT "-=-=-=-=-=high score
2060 PRINT "»»";HS
2070 PRINT "YOUR SCORE»»";SC
2080 PRINT: PRINT: PRINT: PRINT: IF
SOHS THEN HS=SC: PRINT *********
*NEW HIGH SCORE********"
2090 PRINT: PRINT " PRESS
ANK KEY "
2100 I$=INKEY$:IF 1$="" THEN 210
0
2110 GOT0 10
POLYGON COMPUTERS
1 316 WUshlre Blvd.. Suite 206
Las Angeles, CA 90017
f213HB3-B3tie
Ca. Res. 6Vz% tax Shipping: $2 Software
Visit our Retail Store Charges: $5 Hardware
70
THE RAINBOW March 1986
I
Financing:
The Economic Advantage
By Bill Bernico
_**
Having been a car salesman for
six years and a car rental man-
ager for another four years, I've
learned a lot about human nature and
how people spend their money. Folks
purchasing a new car might think that
by taking the money out of their savings
account to pay cash for their purchase
that they are saving all that interest on
the' loan. Surprise! They've actually lost
money doing it that way. This program
will show in cold, hard figures which is
the more economical move. It will also
give skeptics a printout to take home
and think about if they are not initially
convinced after running the program.
When using Cash vs. Financing,
input the same dollar amounts and the
same number of months in each case. In
other words, compare "apples with
apples." (Or should I say "CoCos with
CoCos.") If you're considering a
$10,000 car and you have that amount
in the bank, use $10,000 in the financing
section of the program in order to get
an honest comparison.
Bill Bernico is a car rental manager at
a Dodge garage in Sheboygan, Wiscon-
sin. His dealership-related programs
were born out of necessity. Bill is 35 and
a self-taught computerist who also
enjoys playing golf.
Naturally, the input for interest will
vary between savings and financing, but
use the same number of months in the
comparison. Let's go through a sample
session. For savings amount, input
$10000 (no commas). For savings inter-
est, let's use 8.75 (no percent sign
necessary) and for months, input 48.
Compound periods in this sample will
be 2. The program will show you that
by the end of the 48 month period, your
nest egg will be worth $14085.49 or a
gain of $4085.49 in interest.
This will put you into the finance part
of the program. Your first input will be
the finance amount. Again, use $10000.
For finance interest, use 13.5 (even at
this higher rate, you'll be surprised by
the outcome). For the number of fi-
nance months, again use 48 and it will
show you that your monthly payment
will be $270.76 or a total of $12996.48
over 48 months. The interest you will
have paid in those 48 months is
$2996.48.
Comparing this figure with the
$4085.49 in interest you would have
earned from the savings account, you
can see that you've saved $1089.01 by
financing and leaving your nest egg
alone. If you can find finance rates
lower than 13.5, then the savings will be
that much more.
At this point in the program, if the
customer has still not been convinced to
finance the car, the salesman can select
from three options. Option 1 is a print-
out of the comparison. Option 2 is to
start over with new figures. Option 3 is
to end the program.
Option 1, the printout, will ask for the
customer's name as well as the sales-
man's name. After the salesman inputs
his name, the program will send the
information to the printer. (This print-
out was tailored for the TP- 10 printer
which we have in our showroom, but
will work with other printers as well.)
The printout will personalize the hard-
copy that the customer gets. It also has
the dealership name and address as well
as the salesman who serviced him. It's
nice to stay fresh in the customer's
mind.
Here is a sample printout from the
program we just ran. This program need
not be restricted to automobile pur-
chases. It can be used on any item you
like for comparison purposes.
One last note: I have fictionalized the
name of the dealership in the printout
as per my employer's request, and my
apologies if there is really someone out
there by the name of "Joe Average."
(Questions about Cash vs. Financing
may be directed to Mr. Bernico at 708
Michigan Avenue, Sheboygan, WI
5308 1 , phone 414-459-7350.) □
March 1986 THE RAINBOW 71
You see two ads for similar programs
one's $30, the other $70
Which program is better for YOUR needs?
First, is Received & Certified
(Thank-you Rainbow!)
Then, there's a Review
(Rainbow does it again!!)
Now, how about
1
(Ask your software Dealer]
< coming soon >
With PREVIEW, you see the ACTUAL screens-
(click on icons, pull down menus), get ACTUAL printouts.
SEE the graphics on YOUR screen, (not nifty ad artworks)
HEAR the music!!!
AFTER ALL, why pay for something you can't see?
(ask your Software Dealer)
Do it all BEFORE you purchase the program!
(ask your software dealer)
Sample Printout
HOMETOWN DODGE
1234 NORTH 56TH STREET
SHEBOYGAN, WI 53081
(414) 555-4861
ASK FOR BILL BERNICO
SAVINGS AMOUNT . . . ,
SAVINGS INTEREST . ♦
SAVINGS MONTHS ....
COMPOUND PERIODS . .
SAVINGS AMOUNT
AFTER 48 MONTHS . , ,
INTEREST GAINED. . .
8.75 %
48
2
14085.49
4085.49
1 0 000
1 3 • 5 %
FINANCE AMOUNT
FINANCE INT. . . , * . .
FINANCE MONTHS..,.
MONTHLY PMT 27j3.76
TOTAL OF PMTS . . . 12996.48
TOTAL INTEREST.*.. 2996.48
JOE AVERAGE CAN SAVE $ 1089
BY FINANCING THIS VEHICLE
ASK US FOR ASSISTANCE IN
ARRANGING A LOAN FOR YOU.
The li
Ijd
2jd
3jd
4j3
5j3
6j3
70
8j3
isting: CR5H
i ***
1 ***
' ***
' ***
' ***
• ***
■ ***
CASH ***
BY BILL BERNICO ***
7)38 MICHIGAN AV.***
SHEBOYGAN, WI ***
53j381 ***
(414) 459-735j3 ***
***
CLS:B$=CHR$(128)
9j3 PRINT@43 , "advantages" ;B$ ; "of
Ij3j3 PRINT@107, "financing" ;B$ ; "vs
110 PRINT@171, "paying" ;B$; "cash
12)3 PRINT@299, "COURTESY OF"
COCO SOLVER...THE SECRET WEAPON FOR GOOD GRADES ©
"An advanced programmable calculator CoCo Solver is a unique set
of programs that might be the most versatile package ever developed
for the color computer"... .Gary Clemens, Hot CoCo 5/85
Why solve that Math or Science problem once when you can solve
it hundreds of times. When you can try every possibility, analyze every
trend and understand every angle. Get the "edge" on your classmates.
Get the Secret Weapon. Get CoCo Solver.
Read the review of CoCo Solver in February's Rainbow, then consider
the following features of every JTJ package:
MACHINE LANGUAGE SCREEN EDITOR. Imagine sitting at your
CoCo, editing any entry on-screen. The first thing you'll notice is our
cursor flashing above the last response you made for that entry. Press
ENTER and accept the "default"; or use our control keys to ESCAPE
or to edit the entry onscreen. Our editor also controls the length of
the entry onscreen. No more chopped off entries. Press CURSOR
BREAK once and relax while the cursor runs by itself along the text.
One keypress stops it Our editor is FUN!
NEW
COCO BASE 1...A RELATIONAL DATA BASE MANAGER
Describe the structure of your database. Add, select, or edit records,
then take ACTION. Compatible with any database you've set up with
Basic. Are the others compatible with Basic? This program is great
for quickly printing your data in tabular or custom formatted form.
Perform "what its" easily. Forty fields per record. Field length of 1-
255 characters. Our editor controls the length of the field entry
onscreen. Index up to 600 records on any character field. Record
length up to 2000 characters.
COCO BASE 1 is the only program available which allows you to act
on the data in your database with all the power of your CoCo. You
may use all the Basic string and numeric functions or any Basic
command to act on each record. You can even schedule jobs to be
run automatically. For the Beginner and for the Expert.
CoCo Solver and Program Generator.. .tape or disk only $49.95
COCO BASE 1 disk only $49.95
32K and Extended Basic required Add $2 for shipping.
Tennessee residents add sales tax please.
JTJ ENTERPRISES
ATTN: D.M. JACKSON P.E.
P.O. Box 110841
Nashville, Tennessee 37211
(615) 331-0364 (AFTER 5:00 AND WEEKENDS)
No delay on check or money order. Sorry, no credit cards.
The CoCo
PROFESSIONAL — "
TAX
PREPARER
FOR THE TRS-80 COLOR COMPUTER
"...it makes income tax calculating a breeze... you owe it to
yourself to learn how the right way."
— Boh Brown. Rainbow June Software Review
Opeciai limited offer. Get the Professional Tax Preparer for only... $99.95
Included with the program are a complete instruction manual and sample
forms. A set of 36 overlays is also available for $69.95. Take advantage of our
special offer and get BOTH the program and overlays for only S 1 49.95.
The Professional Tdj( Preparer runs on 32K extended Basic, with one or
two disk drives, and has built-in tax tables and rate schedules. It supports
Form 1040, Schedules*, B, C, D, E, G, SE, W, and Forms2106, 21 19, 3903.
4797, Office-at-Home, jnstallment Gain, Credits and Other Taxes.
Features include reverse-screen scrolling, forward -screen block scroll, and
full on-line diagnostics to check input. A built-in calculator supports
arithmetic operations on numeric data. Edit capability allows you to edit any
line at any time, using change, delete, hack, search, and insert commands.
Yearly updates for the Program are available.
Mail to: Micro Data Systems
6 Edward Drive
Ashland, MA 01721
□ Mastercard
Card#
Name
Address
City,
□ Visa
□ CoCo Professional $99.95
□ Set of 36 overlays $69.95
□ Get both $149.95
CI Check or Money Order Enclosed
Exp. Date
. State
Zip
Signature _____ .
I need the built-in sales tax table for (state).
Mass. residents add 5% sa/iv tax. Shipivd /*wf paid. Allow tuv uvvk* for di'lnvry.
March 1986 THE RAINBOW 73
PROGRAMS • PERIPHERALS* SUPPLIES • SERVICE
For Coco . . .
in the Midwest
Now in our 4th year!
New Catalog Now Available
CALL.OR WRITE
□ = Coco Man
Trie Complete .
includes . ■ ,
EJrT Deluxe Joystick
iV 1 and Y-cable ! !
COCOMQH II * 79.95
mitn Y-cable 99.95
m it n Joystick 99.95
% 119.95
:•:■:■<<«< :::::
:'■:'■['■:■><*; :::::
LATEST
VERSION!
Features. . .
•14 fonts
•Shrink, Stretch
Rotate
•Multiple drives
• Pattern Save
UPGRADES AVAILABLE
Disk I to II 20.00
Tape I to Disk II
25.00
PRINTER SPECIAL!
Star SG-10 ^J^V^l— PRINTER
Metric Industries Model 104 T He* T . INTERFACE
Handsome brown vinyl -flh^N . DUST COVER
Spare replacement RIBBON
Starter pak of PAPER
319.
00
COMPLETE
SAVE 31.oo
"Authorized Star Micronics Service Center"
%w( DELUXE JOYSTICK
EXCELLENT FOR COLOR COMPUTER
USE IT FOR GRAPHICS, GAMES. ETC.
CoCo owners will appreciate this high quality,
durable joystick. Open gimbal design ... self-
centering or free-floating operation. Mechanical
trims on both axes ... eight foot cable ... firing
button has lifetime 5,000,000 presses. A two-
button version of the Deluxe Joystick is available
for the Tandy 1000. DEALER INQUIRIES INVITED
$27.50 each
$49.95/ pair
CHOOSE FROM OUR LARGE
SELECTION OF COCO PRODUCTS
B5 ... Colorware ... Deft ... Derringer ... Diecom ...
Dynacaic ... Elite ... HJL ... J & M ... Mark Data ...
Metric Industries ... Michtron ... Microcom ... Microworks ...
Tom Mix ... PBJ ... PXE ... Speech Systems ... Sugar ...
TCE ... VIP ... Zebra ... and more!
Shipped immediately from stock!
• Call •
513-396-SOFT
• Shop by Modem •
513-396-SHOP
•
\
t
_/
1
• Write •
2235 Losantiville, Cincinnati, OH 45237
SHIPPING will be charged al our ACTUAL COST
Ohio residents add 5 5% Sates Te« COO add 2 00
13J3 PRINT@3 63,"HOMETOWN DODGE
14J3 PRINT@484 , " (HIT ANY KEY TO C
ONTINUE) " ;
15J3 EXEC 44539
16 p A=0:I=j3:T=j3:Y=j3:V=j3:L=j3:P=j3:
X==0 : N=j3 : K=p : 0=J3 : U=j3 : E=j3
17J3 CLS
180 INPUT"SAVINGS AMOUNT " ;
A
19j3 INPUT "SAVINGS INTEREST ";
UI=I/1J3J3
20j3 INPUT "SAVINGS MONTHS
T:T=T/12
21j3 INPUT "COMPOUND PERIODS...
Y
22j3 V=A*(1+I/Y) A (Y*T) :V=INT(V*lj3
0+.5)/lj3j3
23J3 PRINT"AFTER";T*12; "MONTHS. . .
..$";v
L=V-A
PRINT" INTEREST GAINED $
ii
ii
PRINTSTRING$(32,"-") ;
INPUT "FINANCE AMOUNT " ;
ii
ii
24JZ5
25J3
";L
26J3
270
P
280 INPUT" FINANCE INTEREST.
X:X=X/100
290 INPUT" FINANCE MONTHS...
N
300 K=P*(X/12)/(1-(1+(X/12) ) A -N)
310 K=INT(K*100+.5)/100
32)3 PRINT "MONTHLY PAYMENT $
";K
330 0=K*N
340 O=INT(O*100+.5)/100
350 PRINT "TOTAL OF PAYMENTS ...$ "
;o
360 U=INT( (O-P) *100+. 5)/100
370 PRINT "TOTAL INTEREST $
";U
38J3 E=INT( (L-U) *100+.5)/100
390 PRINT "AMOUNT SAVED
400 PRINT "BY FINANCING $
";E
410
VER
420
43J3
440
450
460
470
N$
480
490
PRINT@4 82 , "PRINTOUT START O
eND" ;
A$=INKEY$:IF A$=" "THEN 42,0
IF A$="S"THEN 160
IF A$="P"THEN 470
IF A$="E"THEN 10
GOTO 420
CLS : INPUT "CUSTOMER 1 S NAME" ; C
INPUT 11 SALESMAN 1 S NAME" ; SN$
CLS : PRINT@2 32 , " PRINTING .
500 PRINT#-2,"
ODGE
HOMETOWN D
74
THE RAINBOW
March 1986
510 PRINT#-2
H STREET
52j3 PRINT* -2
53081
53J3 PRINT#-2
-4861
54J3 PRINT#-2
55j3 PRINT#-2
56j3 PRINT#-2
" ;A
57j3 1=1*100
580 PRINT#-2
590 T=T*12
600 PRINT#-2
ii. T
610 PRINT#-2
ii . Y
620 PRINT#-2
630 PRINT#-2
. " ; V
640 PRINT#-2
";L
650 PRINT#-2
660 PRINT#-2
670 PRINT#-2
680 PRINT#-2
ii. p
690 X=X*100
700 PRINT#-2
" ; X ;
710 PRINT#-2
";N
720 PRINT#-2
11 ;K
PRINT#-2
ii
ii
ii
12 34 NORTH 56T
SHEBOYGAN, WI
(414) 555
"ASK FOR ";SN$
"SAVINGS AMOUNT
"SAVINGS INTEREST..
"SAVINGS MONTHS
"COMPOUND PERIODS..
"SAVINGS AMOUNT"
"AFTER" ;T; "MONTHS . .
"INTEREST GAINED...
ii
"FINANCE AMOUNT.
"FINANCE INT
"FINANCE MONTHS.
• • •
"MONTHLY PMT
"TOTAL OF PMTS
"TOTAL INTEREST.
CN$;" CAN SAVE $";E
"BY FINANCING THIS
730
"70
740 PRINT#-2
" ;U
750 PRINT#-2
760 PRINT#-2
770 PRINT#-2
VEHICLE
780 PRINT#-2
790 PRINT#-2
NCE IN
800 PRINT#-2
OR YOU.
810 PRINT#-2:PRINT#-2:PRINT#-2:P
RINT#-2 : PRINT#-2 : PRINT#-2
820 CLS : PRINT§481, "aNOTHER PRINT
OUT rE START eND" ;
830 A$=INKEY$:IFA$=""THEN830
840 IF A$="A"THEN 500
850 IF A$="R"THEN 160
860 IF A$="E"THEN 10
870 GOTO 830 /R\
"ASK US FOR ASSISTA
"ARRANGING A LOAN F
Fighter Pilot
An original arcade game! Wave after
wave of attacking aircraft attempt to
shoot you down os you maneuver your
fighter Into the wild blue yonder,
blasting enemy fighters, bombers and
paratroopers out of the sky. Joystick or
keyboard operation. "Pause game"
feature. Disk version saves high scores.
32K, 100% Machine Language.
Tape $24.95
Disk $29.95
Mission of
Vengeance
A fantasy graphics adventure. You are
Garotte Severinn, master thief, spy, and
assassin. Your mission is to kill the evil
wizard Neeman, recover the holy
scepter of Tash, and escape from
Neeman's castle. The reward is a
fortune in gold, but beware... many
dragons and monsters stand between
you and the gold! 32K, one disk drive
required.
Disk or Amdek $24.95
Pumpman
You'll dig this 100% machine language
arcade game! The Pumpman carries a
pump that he fires at aliens Pooky and
Dragon as they change forms and
chase him around under the ground,
15 different screens, "pause game"
feature. As fun and challenging as the
original arcade version! 32K one
joystick required.
Tape $24.95
Disk $29.95
Hires +
High Resolution
Screen Enhancer
HIRES + is a programmer's utility that
adds a number of features to BASIC: A
high resolution screen with true upper
and lower case letters and variable
screen width, scroll protect, key repeat,
error-trapping, visual Input routine,
reset protection, true break disable
and more! 16K tape.
$19.95
Menu Maker
The Ultimate in easy disk access and
organization! Menu Maker is a 100%
machine language utility that allows
you to place attractive, customized
menus on all of your diskettes and, with
one one key press, load any program of
your choice. Menu Maker Is com-
patible with RS DOS 1 .0 and 1 ,1 (soon
with others!) and supports multiple-
drive systems. 32K, one disk drive
required.
Disk or Amdek $24.95
Magazine index
System
M.I.S. helps you organize and keep
track of those Important magazine
articles. Features include transfer utility
insuring compatibility with other data-
base programs, fast search routines,
and the saving of data in a com-
pressed format for more records per
disk. 16K, one disk drive required.
$14.95
Software
CloseoutH
We're Blowing Out All
Tom Mix • Mark Data
Prickly-Pear
Petrocci • Sugar
Call Or Write For
Lowest Prices Anywhere!
Quantities Limited
Write For Free Catalog!
Gift Certificates
Available
Eagle $24.95*
Lunar Lander. 32K, Joysticks Required.
Marooned! $29.95
Adventure. 32 K, Disk Only.
Blackjack Dealer $24.95*
With Feeler Dealer. 32K.
Sketchpad $19.95
Graphics Drawing Program. 32K. Disk Only.
Alpha -40+ $19.95
Formats 40+ Tracks, More! 32K, Disk Only.
Testmaker $29.95
Creates T/F, M/C Tests. Disk Only.
Maycod'e $24.95*
6809 Disassembler.. 32K
* Add $5.00 For Disk
We'll Ship Your Order
For Only $1.00!
Software Only - Hardware Shipped
At Cost.
Outside USA - $2.00 Per Program
Saauaro < 303 > 728-4937
O J? f P.O. Box 1 864
OO f I War & Telluride, CO 81435
CO. Residents Add 7% Tax • ClO.D. Orders Add $3.00
Dealer Inquiries Invited!
March 1986 THE RAINBOW 75
Forecast your budget, so in the future
you can . . .
♦
Juggle Bills, Juggle Bills,
Juggle A 11 the Way I
By Glen Dufur
This program, Home Budget
Analysis, is used to assist in
budgeting and forecasting per-
sonal finances in order to plan and
adjust cash flow for three future periods
(paydays). The program allows you to
enter and update income and expense
items for each of the three periods. The
total of income and expenses is calcu-
lated and displayed for instant analysis
of cash flow, as items are added or
updated. The balance is money that has
not been committed, or over-com-
mitted, if a negative balance is calcu-
lated.
As a period passes, you may shift all
amounts so the second period becomes
current and a new third period is
opened. This allows you to continue
budgeting for future periods. Also the
ability is given to save or load a file of
personal finance data.
Create New File/Load Existing File
You are given two options upon
running the program. Press 'C to create
a new file or 'L' to load an existing file.
• Create New File: You are prompted
to enter the dates of the three future
periods to be budgeted. Enter each
Glen Dufur, a senior programmer ana-
lyst with Airborne Freight Corpora-
tion, lives in Jssaquah, Washington. He
has been designing and programming
mainframe computer systems for 12
years.
76 THE RAINBOW March 1986
period date in the format "MM/
DD."
• Load Existing File: You are prompt-
ed to ready the cassette. Press any key
when ready to load the file.
Upon completion of entering the
dates for creation of a new file or
loading an existing file, the INCOME
DISPLAY appears. You are now ready
to begin entry or update of your per-
sonal finance file.
Add/Update/Delete Expense
and Income Items
Income items are accessed via the
income display, expense items via the
expense display. Press 'N* to add a new
item, or "A-H" to update or delete an
existing item. Be sure to include all
known income and expenses that occur
during each period, for example, gro-
ceries, car expenses, rent, utilities,
installment payments, savings, wages
and other income.
• Add Item: A prompt is given to enter
the DESCRIPTION. A description is
required for each item entered. You
are then prompted to enter an AUTO
AMOUNT. This amount is automat-
ically entered for each period of the
item being added. Press enter with-
out an amount if you do not wish an
auto amount. This function is handy
when the amount is the same for each
period. You are now ready to enter
amounts for the added item (see
Update).
• Update Item: When updating an
item, the display prompts for the
period to update, T, '2' or 4 3\ Enter
the proper period and a prompt
appears to enter the AMOUNT. To
change the description and /or auto
amount, press *D\ A prompt appears
to enter the new description. You are
then prompted to enter the auto
amount.
• Delete Item: After selecting the item
to be deleted, press '*'. The item is
deleted and you are automatically
returned to the income or expense
display.
Press 'R' to return to the income or
expense display.
Expense and Income Displays
The income and expense displays list
the items that represent the total of
expenses and income. Options are
available to move between the expense
and income displays, in addition to
adding or updating items. Press T while
in the expense display to call the income
display. The expense display may be
recalled by pressing 'X'.
Scrolling of items is accomplished by
the up/ down arrows while in either
display. The last entry on the screen
appears at the top when scrolled down
and vice versa when scrolled up.
The calculated total of expenses and
income is shown for each period with
the balance of uncommitted or over-
committed amounts.
Open JNew reriod
15
blank two lines
IT „ ■ II.
Variables
as a period nas past, you may delete
20
top line
hU3>(LN)
expense description
the current period and move all income
25
i j . 1 ■
bottom line
T - " A /T\T 1\
EA(EN,3)
expense amount
and expenses forward and, therefore,
30
i j
screen load expenses
DE(EN)
expense default
open a new period.
45
i j •
screen load income
LE
last record expense
Press '0' while in the expense or
60
calculate and print totals
1D$(IN)
income description
income display. The function prompts
IA(IN,3)
•
income amount
you to enter the date of the new period
T^V A /T\T\
DA(IN)
income default
in tne torm mm/jjjj. lne program
Other Subroutines
T T
LI
last record income
automatically shins all amounts and
1 AA
100
accept desc/ default
PD$(3)
period dates
drops trie values tor tne current period.
1 OA
IzU
delete expense
TE(3)
period total expense
If you had entered an auto amount for
130
delete income
TI(3)
period total income
any income or expense item, this
1 /IA
140
accept amount
PB(3)
period balance
amount is automatically entered into
1 c r\
150
i •
basic screen
EN
maximum expense records
the new period for the item.
I/O
item screen
(preset to 25)
item bottom query
TXT
IN
maximum income records
Technical Information
1 HA
iyo
tile lull
(preset to 5)
A maximum of 25 expense items and
1 A A
300
expense display
IE$
nag E-expense, I-income
live income items nave been imposed.
/I A A
400
expense item update
1(8)
item addressability
Should your budget require more items,
f An
500
income display
IX$(8)
item addressability
change the value of EN (expense items)
/CAA
000
income item update
I$(8)
item addressability
and IN (income items) in Line 3000.
700
shut period
800
LDPD and 5RVE
(Any questions about Home Budget
Logic Flow
c\r\r\
900
f i
new file
Analysis may be sent to the author at
rrenueni ouurouunes
lmudiize ana sidn
19816 SE 123rd, Issaquah, WA 98027,
10 INKEY
1100
menu
phone 206-235-3474. Please enclose an
12 prompt alarm
2000
PCLEflR
SASE when writing.) □
The listing: HDMEBDGT
i
80 .
130
170
320
430
.33
179
.99
...1
230
.36
610 .
720 .
835 .
997 .
1110
END
.78
.82
.89
.15
140
183
T
1
7
8 1 FREQUENT SUBROUTINES
9 '
1)8 K$=INKEY$ : IFK$=" "THENGOTO10EL
SEK=VAL(K$) : RETURN
12 F0RSS=1T02 :S0UND22J3, 1:NEXTSS:
RETURN
13 FORSS=lT09:SOUND22j3,l:NEXTSS:
RETURN
15 PRINTTAB (1) STRING$ (3j3 , " " ) : PR
INTTAB ( 1 ) STRING$ ( 3 j3 , " " ) ; : RETURN
2J3 PRINTTAB ( 1)STRING$( 3^1 f CHR$( 14
0 ) ) ; : RETURN
25 PRINTTAB (1) STRING$ (3j3 , CHR$ (13
1) ) ; : RETURN
30 IFLE=j3 THENPRINT@163 , " enter" B
B$ ;" expense "BB$" items" ; :SOUND2j3p
, 1 : RETURN
31 PP=64:PX=PP:IX=l:FORX=I(l) TO
(I ( 1) +6) : PRINT@PP+j3 , STRING $ ( 3 2 , C
HR$ (143) ) ;
35 IFX<(EN+1) THENPX=PP:PRINT@PP
+J3,IX$ (IX) ; :PX=PX+1:PRINT@PX,USI
NG"% %" ;ED$ (X) ; : PX=PX+7 : FORY=
1T03:IFEA(X,Y)O^I THENPRINT@PX,U
SING N2$;EA(X,Y) ; : PX=PX+8 : NEXTY :
ELSEPX=PX+8 : NEXTY
4J3 I(IX)=X:IX=IX+1:PP=PP+32:NEXT
X : SOUND2 J3J3 , 1 : RETURN
45 IFLI=j3 THENPRINT@163, "enter"B
B$;"income"BB$" items" ; :SOUND2^lj3,
1 : RETURN
4 6 PP=64:PX=PP:IX=l:FORX=I(l) TO
(I (1) +6) : PRINT @PP+ pf STRING$ ( 3 2 , C
HR$(143) ) ;J
5J3 IFX<(IN+1) THENPX=PP:PRINT@PP
+J3,IX$ (IX) ; :PX=PX+1:PRINT@PX,USI
NG"% %" ; ID$ (X) ; : PX=PX+7 : FORY=
1T03:IFIA(X,Y)O^I THENPRINT@PX,U
SING N2$;IA(X,Y) ; : PX=PX+8 : NEXTY :
ELSEPX=PX+8 : NEXTY
55 I(IX)=X:IX=IX+1:PP=PP+32:NEXT
X : SOUND2J3J3 , 1 : RETURN
6j3 FORX=lT03:TE(X)=j3:FORY=lTOLE:
TE (X) =TE (X) +EA (Y , X) : NEXTY , X : FORX
=1T03:TI (X)=j3:FORY=lTOLI:TI (X)=T
I (X)+IA(Y,X) : NEXTY, X : F0RX=1T03 :P
B (X) =TI (X) -TE (X) : NEXTX
65 PRINT§28 8,CHR$ (14J3) ;:GOSUB2j3:
PRINT@32j3, "expense" ; : PP=32J3 : FORX
=1T03 : PP=PP+8 : PRINT@PP ,USINGN2$ ;
TE(X) ; : NEXTX
7J3 PRINT@352, "income" ;BB$; :PP=35
2 : F0RX=1T03 : PP=PP+8 : PRINT@PP,USI
NGN2$;TI (X) ; : NEXTX
75 PRINT@384, "balance" ; :PP=384:F
0RX=1T03 : PP=PP^8 : PRINT@PP, USING
N2$;PB(X) ; : NEXTX
8j3 PRINT@416,CHR$(131) ;:GOSUB25:
RETURN
March 1986 THE RAINBOW 77
I
mi
1
Toll Free
Orders Only
800-245-6228
Information
301-521-4886
5
If You Pay Taxes
You Need Coco-Accountant
"It's the most useful piece of soft-
ware I own. "
That's what we hear again and
again from folks who buy Coco-Ac-
countant II. This 32/64K single-entry
accounting system for the home and
small business is all you need to
manage your finances and give you
the information you need at tax time.
We wrote the original version for
ourselves two years ago because
we wanted to know three things:
Where did the money come from, where did it go, and
what can we deduct from our taxes?
As it turned out, we liked it better than anything else
on the market, so we decided to sell it. And we've been
improving it ever since.
People say they like it because it's easy to use. Just
spend a few minutes each month entering your data:
checks, cash outlays, credit card expenses or income.
In any order. CoCo-Accountant takes the whole mess
and makes sense out of it. Here's what it does:
♦ Lists and totals entries by month, offsetting in-
come against expenses.
♦ Lists and totals entries by account, for a month or
the whole year.
♦ Lists and totals entries by payee or income
source, for a month or the whole year.
DEDUCTIBLE
♦ Provides a year-to-date summary
by account.
♦ Prints a spreadsheet showing
activity by account and month for
the whole year (seeing this one is
believing).
♦ Flags deductible expenses.
♦ Flags expenses subject to
sales tax and figures out how much
sales tax you paid!
♦ Lets you define up to 48 ac-
counts (in 64K version).
♦ Takes 900 entries in 64K version, 500 in 32K disk
and 450 in 32K tape.
♦ Sorts entries by date.
♦ Stores your data to tape or disk.
You can use CoCo Accountant as a simple check-
book register or make it into a comprehensive home ac-
counting package. Our customers tell us they use it in
the home, at school, for their clubs, churches and small
businesses. In fact, they use it in ways we never
dreamed of!
CoCo-Accountant II is so easy to use and flexible
that you'll be delighted. So stop shoving all those re-
cords in a shoe box and join the computer age!
The price of Coco-Accountant II is $34.95. Please be
sure to tell us your memory requirements and whether
you want tape or disk.
Thoroughbred, Harness, Greyhound
•HORSE RACES-
■HARNESS RACES-
DOG RACES'
Use your Color Computer to improve your performance
at the track! These 16K programs for Thoroughbred, Har-
ness and Greyhound racing rank the horses or dogs in
each race quickly and easily, even if you've never handi-
capped before. All the information you need is readily avail-
able from the Racing form, harness or dog track program.
We even provide diagrams showing you where to find each
item!
Thoroughbred factors include speed, distance, past
performance, weight, class, jockey's record, beaten favor-
ite and post position. Harness factors include speed, post
position, driver's record, breaking tendencies, class, park-
ed-out signs and beaten favorite. Greyhound factors in-
clude speed, past performance, maneuvering ability, favor-
ite box, class, kennel record, beaten favorite and breaking
ability.
We include complete instruction and a wagering guide
that tells you which races to bet and which to avoid — one
of the real secrets of good handicapping. You can buy a
more expensive handicapper, but we don't think you can
buy a better one! Thoroughbred, Harness or Greyhound
Handicapper, $34.95 each on tape or disk. Any two for
$54.95 or all three for $74.95.
Federal Hill Software 8134 Scotts Level Rd. Baltimore. Md. 21208
97 •
98 * OTHER SUBROUTINES
99 1
1J3J3 PRINT@448,""; :GOSUB15 : PRINT@
449 , "" ; : GOSUB12 : LINE INPUT " DE S C :
" ; XX$ : IFXX$=" " THENSOUND1 , 1 : GOTO
lJ3j3ELSEPRINT@132, "*** "XX$" ***"
•
1J32 PRINT@448,"" ; :GOSUB15 : PRINT©
449 , "AUTO AMOUNT" ; : GOSUB12 : INPUT
XX
1J95 IFIE$="E" THENED$(I)=XX$:DE(
I)=XX:IFEA(I,1)=J3 ANDEA ( 1 , 2 ) =j3 A
NDEA(I,3)=J3 THENF0RX=1T03:EA(I / X
) =DE (I) : NEXTX : RETURN : ELSERETURN
llj3 ID$(I)=XX$:DI(I)=XX:IFIA(I,1
)=J3 ANDIA ( 1 , 2 ) =J3 ANDIA (1 , 3 ) =J3 TH
ENF0RX=1T03 : IA ( I , X) =DI (I) : NEXTX :
RETURN : ELSERETURN
12J3 IFI=LE THENED$(I)="":DE(I)=J3
: F0RZ=1T03 : EA ( I , Z ) =fS : NEXTZ : LE=LE
-1: ELSEFORX=I TOLE-l:IFED$(X+l)
<>"" THENED$(X)=ED$(X+1) :ED$(X+1
) = " " : DE (X) =DE (X+l) : DE (X+l) =J3 : FOR
Z=1T03 : EA (X , Z ) =EA (X+l , Z ) : EA (X+l ,
Z ) =J3 : NEXTZ : NEXTX : LE=LE-1 : ELSENE
XTX
125 RETURN
13J3 IFI=LI THENID$(I)="":DI(I)=,0
:FORZ=l T03:IA(I,Z)=J3:NEXTZ:LI=L
1-1: ELSEFORX=I TOLI-l:IFID$(X+l
) <>" » THENID$ (X) =ID$ (X+l) : ID$ (X+
1) =" " : DI (X) =DI (X+l) : DI (X+l) =J3 : FO
RZ=1T03 : IA (X , Z ) =IA (X+l , Z ) : IA (X+l
,Z)=j3: NEXTZ: NEXTX: LI=LI-1: ELSEN
EXTX
135 RETURN
14J3 PRINT0448, ""; :GOSUB15 : PRINT@
449, "PERIOD"K"AMOUNT" ; :GOSUB12 : I
NPUTXX : IFIE$="E" THENEA ( I , K) =XX
ELSEIA(I,K)=XX
145 RETURN
15J3 CLS : PRINT" "; :IFIE$="E" THENP
RINTSTRING$ (32, CHR$ (242)); ELSEP
RINTSTRING$ ( 32 , CHR$ (162 ) ) ;
155 PRINT@16 , "display" ; BB$ ; : PRIN
T§32 , BB$ ; "period>" ; : PRINT@42 ,USI
NGN3$;PD$(1) ; :PRINT@5j3,USINGN3$;
PD$ ( 2 ) ; : PRINT @ 58 , US INGN3 $ ; PD$ ( 3 )
;:IFIE$="E" THEN16p ELSE165
16p PRINT@7 , BB$ ; "expense" ; BB$ ; : P
RINT@449, "a-h nEW EXPENSE iNCO
ME SAVE " ; : PRINT© 481," < ARROWS >
OPEN NEW PERIOD"; : RETURN
165 PRINT@8 , BB$ ; " income" ; BB$ ; : PR
INT@449,"a-h nEW INCOME ExPENS
E SAVE " ; : PRINT @ 4 8 1 , " <ARROWS >
OPEN NEW PERIOD" ;: RETURN
17J3 CLS:PRINT@193," PERIOD
AMOUNT " ; : PRINT@227 , STRING
$(lj3,CHR$(131) ) ; :PRINT@242,STRIN
G$(8,CHR$(131) ) ; :PRINT@385, "AUTO
AMOUNT : " ; : PRINT@4 16 , " " ; : GOSUB2 5
175 PRINT@32, ""; : GOSUB2^l : PRINT: I
FIE$="E" THENPRINTTAB ( 5 ) "EXPENSE
ITEM UPDATE " : ELS E PRI NTT AB ( 5 ) " IN
COME ITEM UPDATE"
18J3 GOSUB2 5: RETURN
185 PRINTG449, "" ; : GOSUB15 : PRINT@
449," UPDATE PERIOD <1> <2> <3
> dESC * DELETE nEW ITEM rET
URN"; : RETURN
19j3 PRINT@449,""; : GOSUB15 : PRINT§
449," file full - press enter";:
GOSUB1J3 : RETURN
297 '
298 'EXPENSE ITEM UPDATE
299 •
3)3/3 IE$="E":I(1)=1
3J35 PP=32:GOSUB15j3:GOSUB6j3:GOSUB
3J3
31j3 I=j3:GOSUBlj3
315 IFK$=CHR$ (lj3) THENI ( 1) =1 ( 1) +
6:IFI(1)>LE THENI ( 1 ) =LE : GOSUB3 0 :
GOT03 1J3 : ELSEGOSUB3 j3 : GOT03 1J3
32j3 IFK$=" A " THENI (1) =1(1) »6: IF
I(1)<1THEN I(1)=1:G0SUB3J3:G0T031
j3 ELSEGOSUB3j3:GOT031j3
325 IFK$="N" THENGOSUB4j3j3:GOT03j3
5:ELSEIFK$="I" THEN5j3j3 ELSEIFK$=
"S" THENIO=2 : GOSUB8j3j3 : GOT03j3j3 EL
SEIFK$="0" THENGOSUB7j3j3 : GOT03j3j3
33J3 F0RX=1T08:IFK$=I$(X) THENI =1
(X) : NEXTX :ELSENEXTX
335 IFI=J3 THEN34j3 ELSEIFI>ENTRIE
S THEN 34)3 ELSEIFED$ (I) =" " THEN34
J3 ELSEGOSUB4j3j3:GOT03j35
34j3 S0UND1,1:G0T031J3
397 1
398 'EXPENSE ITEM UPDATE
399 '
4j3j3 SOUND2j3j3,l
4j35 IFK$="N" THENLE=LE+l:I=LE:IF
LE>EN THENLE=EN : GOSUB19 j3 : RETURN
41j3 GOSUB17j3:PRINT@132, "*** "ED$
(I) " ***"; :PP=259:F0RX=1T03:PRIN
T@PP,X; :PRINT@PP+2,">"; :PRINT@PP
+4,USINGN3$;PD$(X) ; : PRINT@PP+15,
USING N2$;EA(I,X) ; : PP=PP+32 : NEXT
X:PRINT@4^2,USINGN2$;DE(I) ;
415 IFK$="N" THENGOSUBlj3j3:K$="":
GOT041j3: ELSEGOSUB18 5
42^ GOSUBl)3:IFK$="R" THENRETURN
ELSEIFK$=" * " THENGOSUB12J3 : RETURN
: ELSEIFK$="D" THENGOSUBlj3j3 : GOT04
j3^(ELSEIFK$="N" THENGOT04 J3 J3
/
March 1986 THE RAINBOW 79
425 IF K>J3 AND K<4 THENGOSUB140 :
GOTO 4 10
430 S0UND1, 1:GOTO420
497 '
498 ' INCOME DISPLAY
499 '
5J30 IE$="I":I(1)=1
505 PP=32 :GOSUB150:GOSUB60:GOSUB
45
510 1=0 : GOSUB10
515 IFK$=CHR$(10) THENI (1) =1 (1) +
6 : IFI ( 1 ) >LI THENI ( 1 ) =LI : GOSUB4 5 :
GOTO510 : ELSEGOSUB45 : GOTO510
520 IFK$= IIA " THENI (1)=I (1) -6: IF
I(1)<1THEN I(l)=l:GOSUB45:GOT051
0ELSEGOSUB45 : GOTO510
525 IFK$="N" THENGOSUB600:GOTO50
0:ELSEIFK$="X" THEN300 ELSEIFK$=
"S" THENIO=2:GOSUB800:GOTO300 EL
SEIFK$="0" THENGOSUB700 : GOTO500
530 F0RX=1T08:IFK$=I$(X) THENI=I
(X) : NEXTX : ELSENEXTX
535 IFI=0 THEN540 ELSEIFI>9 THEN
540 ELSEIFID$ (I) =" " THEN540 ELSE
GOSUB600 : GOTO 50 5
540 SOUND1,1:GOTO510
597 1
598 'INCOME ITEM UPDATE
599 1
600 SOUND200,1
605 IFK$="N M THENLI=LI+1 : I=LI : IF
LI>IN THENLI=IN: GOSUB190 : RETURN
610 GOSUB170: PRINT @132,"*** "ID$
(I) 11 ***"; :PP=259:F0RX=1T03:PRIN
T@PP,X; :PRINT@PP+2, ">" ; :PRINT@PP
+5,USINGN3$;PD$(X) ; : PRINTQPP+15 ,
USING N2$;IA(I,X) ; : PP=PP+3 2 : NEXT
X:PRINT@402,USINGN2$;DI(I) ;
615 IFK$="N" THENGOSUB100:K$="":
GOTO610: ELSEGOSUB185
620 GOSUB10:IFK$="R" THENRETURN
ELSEIFK$=" * " THENGOSUB13 0 : RETURN
: ELSEIFK$="D" THENGOSUB100 : GOT06
00ELSEIFK$= ,l N M THENGOTO 600
625 IF K>0 AND K<4 THENGOSUB140 :
GOTO 6 10
630 SOUND1,1:GOTO620
697 '
698 'OPEN NEW PERIOD
699 '
700 CLS:SOUND200, 1
705 PRINT@129,STRING$ (30,CHR$ (14
0) ) :PRINTTAB(3) "SHIFT AND OPEN N
EW PERIOD": PRINT TAB ( 1) STRING$ (3
0,CHR$(131) )
710 GOSUB12 : PRINT@292 , "HIT ANY K
Makes learning so much FUN . . .
. . . that kids think it's a game!
LEVEL 1: Echos each key pressed in solid
block letters and plays a random
melody.
LEVEL 2: The user echos the random
number or letter. The computer
responds with a random melody.
LEVEL 3: The user echos random words
displayed. The computer echos
with a random melody.
$24 16k ECB
send for more information: disc or tape
Challenger Software
42 4th Street
Pennsburg, PA 18073
Call (215) 679-8792 (Evenings)
RAINBOW
CERTIFICATION
SEAL
Formatter
the fastest, most complete
office package yet!
Totally Menu Driven
Customize with company information
Complete "
on screen*'
instructions
FORMS
STORES
FIGURES
letter
complete forms quantity
invoice
item list
list
quote
subquotes
net
purchase order
letters
discount
mail order
footnotes
subtotals
confirm order
customer info tax
receipt
freight, etc.
SEPARATE CONFIGURE
PROGRAM
PRINTS
for company info
form feed
printer options
letterhead
quote & inv. #
envelope
w/auto sequencing
multiple copy
auto date
emphasized
send for more information:
$49 32k ECB disc
Challenger Software
42 4th Street
Pennsburg, PA 18073
Call (215) 679-8792 (Evenings)
RAINBOW
CERTIFICATION
SEAL
80 THE RAINBOW March 1986
EY TO CONTINUE OR r
ETURN";:GOSUB10:IF K$="R" THENRE
TURN
715 PRINT@288 / "":GOSUB15 / : PRINT®
289 , "ENTER NEW PERIOD DATE (MM/D
D) "; :PRINT@335,"" ; : GOSUB12 : LINEI
NPUT"";XX$:PRINT@288, ""; :GOSUB15
:PRINT@294,"NEW PERIOD FOR ";XX$
; PRINTTAB ( 6 ) " NOW BEING OPENED";
720 FORX=lTOLE:EA(X,l)=EA(X,2) :E
A(X,2)=EA(X,3) :EA(X,3)=DE(X) :NEX
TX : FORX=lTOLI : I A ( X , 1 ) =IA ( X , 2 ) : I A
(X,2)=IA(X,3) :IA(X,3)=DI(X) :NEXT
X:PD$(1)=PD$(2) :PD$(2)=PD$(3) :PD
$ ( 3 ) =XX$ : RETURN
797 '
798 "I/O ROUTINES
799 •
800 CLS:SOUND200,1
805 IFIO=l THENIO$="LOAD" ELSEIO
$="SAVE"
810 PRINT@64, "" ; : GOSUB20 : PRINT© 1
05,10$;" FILE"; :PRINT§128, ""; :GO
SUB25
815 GOSUB13 : PRINT@193 , "POSITION
TAPE . . . " : PRINT" READY CASSETTE . .
.":PRINT" PRESS ANY KEY TO CONTI
NUE" : GOSUB10 : PRINT@19 2 , " " : GOSUB1
5:GOSUB15:IFIO=2 THEN845
820 ' * LOAD FILE *
825 SOUND220,1:PRINT@193," LOADI
NG BUDGET FILE";
830 OPEN"I",#-l, "BUDGET" :SOUND2 2
835 INPUT#-l,LE,LI:FORX=lTOLE:IN
PUT#-1,ED$(X) ,DE(X) : F0RY=1T03 : IN
PUT#-1 , EA (X , Y) : NEXTY , X : FORX=lTOL
I:INPUT#-1,ID$(X) ,DI(X) :FORY=lTO
3 : INPUT# - 1 , IA ( X , Y ) : NEXTY , X : FORX=
1T03: INPUT* -1,PD$(X) :NEXTX
840 CLOSE#-l: RETURN
845 SOUND220,1
850 PRINT@193, " SAVING BUDGET FI
LE" ; :MOTORON:FORX=1TO600: NEXTX
855 OPEN "0",#-l, "BUDGET" :SOUND2
20,1
860 PRINT#-l,LE / LI:FORX=lTOLE:PR
INT#-1,ED$(X) ,DE(X) : F0RY=1T03 : PR
INT # - 1 , EA ( X , Y ) : NEXTY , X : FORX=lTOL
I:PRINT#-1,ID$ (X) ,DI (X) :FORY=lTO
3 : PRINT # - 1 , IA ( X , Y ) : NEXTY , X : FORX=
1T03:PRINT#-1,PD$(X) : NEXTX
865 CLOSE#-l: RETURN
897 »
898 'CREATE NEW FILE
899 »
90J3 CLS:S0UND2J3J3,1
9j35 PRINT@3 3 , " " : GOSUB2 j3 : PRINT : PR
INTTAB(6) "ENTER PERIOD DATES" : GO
SUB25
910 PP=3 60:FORX=1TO3:PRINT§214, "
" ; : GOSUB15 : PRINT@161, "PERIOD #" ;
X ; : PRINT@2 2 7 , " " ; : GOSUB12 : LINEINP
UT" ENTER DATE (MM/DD) : ";PD$(X):
PRINTQPP, "PERIOD ";X" — > ";:PRIN
TUSINGN3$ ;PD$ (X) : PP=PP+32 : NEXTX:
GOTO500
997 1
998 'INITIALIZE PROGRAM
999 '
1000 CLEAR500 : SOUND200 ,1 : EN=25 : I
N=5 : DIMED$ (EN) :DIMEA(EN, 3) : DIMPD
$(3) :DIMIA(IN,3) :DIMI$(8) :DIMI(8
) : DIMDE ( EN ) :DIMID$(IN) tDIMDI(IN)
: DIMIX$ ( 8 ) : DIMTE ( 3 ) : DIMTI ( 3 ) : DIM
PB(3)
1005 LE=0:LI=0:FORX=1TO8:READIX$
(X) ,I$(X) ,I(X) : NEXTX
1010 DATA a,A,l,b,B,2,C,C,3 f d,D,
4, e f E f 5 f f ,F # 6 f g,6 f 7,h f H f 8
1015 N0$="##» :N2$=»####. ##-" :N1$
=•«+####. ##":LD$="% %":N3$="%
%":BB$=CHR$(128)
1030 •
1100 SOUND200,1
1105 CLS ; PRINT@99 , "home" ; BB$ ; "bu
dget" ; BB$ ; "analysis" : PRINT: PRINT
" BY: GLEN DUFUR" : PRINT" C
OPYRIGHT (C) 1985"
1110 PRINT: PRINTTAB (4) "10AD EXIS
TING BUDGET FILE" : PRINT: PRINTTAB
(4) "CREATE NEW BUDGET FILE":PRIN
T@424, "SELECT OPTION";
1115 IFXX$=CHR$(161) THENXX$=CHR
$(162) :XY$=CHR$(164) :XZ$=CHR$(16
6): ELSEXX$=CHR$(161) :XY$=CHR$(1
68) :XZ$=CHR$ (169)
1120 PRINT@65,CHR$ (138) ;:PRINTST
RING$ (22, XX$ ) ; CHR$ (133);: PRINT@ 1
29,CHR$(138) ;STRING$(22,XY$) ;CHR
$(133) ; :K$=INKEY$:PRINT@97,CHR$(
138) ;XZ$; : PRINT© 119, XZ$;CHR$ (13 3
)
1125 PRINT@438," ";:IFK$="" THEN
1115 ELSEIFK$="L" THENIO=l : GOSUB
800:GOTO500: ELSEIFK$="C" THEN90
1130 PRINT@438,K$; : SOUND1, 5 : GOTO
1115
1200 'CSAVE "BUDGET" ROUTINE
1205 F0RX=1T02 :MOTORON:FORY=lT06
0 0 : NEXTY : MOTOROFF : CSAVE " BUDGET " :
NEXTX : F0RX=1T05 : SOUND200 , 1 : NEXT :
END
1999 'PCLEAR ROUTINE
2000 PCLEAR1: GOTO 1000 ^
March 1986 THE RAINBOW 81
OWL-WARE'S TOLL FREE ORDER LINE (800) 245-6228
TECHNICAL ADVICE
(215) 682-6855
All Prices Include
Case and Power
Supply
Other Drive O Systems from $ 1 79. Double Sided
Double
drive o $199. $239.
...Call for SPECIAL PRICES on Drive 0, 1 Combos.
DRIVE 1 $1 15. $145.
Sided
or
Double
Sided
Quad
NOW AVAILABLE !!!
SUPER-TROLL
OWL-WARE'S version of the
Distro (CRC) Controller by
Tony DiStefano.This has sockets
for 4 ROM Chips. ...only $5.00
additional with a Drive 0 System.
ADD ON OPTIONS:
CDOS $6.
Parallel Printer Port $25.
Real Time Clock $10.
80 Column Card $49.
Just Controller $99. with CDOS
to $195. with ALL options
All drives are new, direct drive,
40 track and 6 ms. We ship
FULLY TESTED and CERTIFIED
DRIVES at NO ADDED CHARGE!
MITSUBISHI & TEAC are known
as the highest quality made.
STATE-OF-THE-ART
TECHNOLOGY
not Full-height belt-driven
drives.
We have RSDOS, JDOS,
OWL DOS, ADOS available on
ROM. Call about Double Sided
or Special Needs.
Special
Bundled
Software
with
Disk Drive
Purchase!
TOLL FREE
ORDER LINE
(800) 245-6228
Call for
LATEST
PRICES!!!
1 YR.
WARRANTY
ON ALL ITEMS!!!
M.C. & VISA Accepted
OWL-WARE
P.O. Box 116-D
Mertztown, PA.
19539
PA Res Include 6%Tax
PA (215) 682-6855
OWL TIP: Drive costs have gone up.
We have kept the listed price constant,
but may have to raise them soon.
We still have maintained quality despite
competition.!!!
OWL-WARE SOFTWARE
BUNDLE: DISK TUTORIAL
2 UTILITIES
2 GAMES
DISK TUTOR
LEARN EVERYTHING ABOUT DISK BASIC
FROM THIS MACHINE LANGUAGE
PROGRAM. THE TUTOR TAKES YOU STEP
BY STEP THROUGH THE LESSONS AND
CORRECTS YOUR MISTAKES A MULTI-
LESSON TUTORIAL THAT WILL GIVE YOU
QUICK, PAINLESS KNOWLEDGE OF DISK
BASIC (THIS PROFESSIONALLY WRITTEN
TUTOR IS EASILY WORTH THE BUNDLE'S
TOTAL PRICE).
OWL DOS
AN OPERATING SYSTEM THAT GIVES
25% FASTER DISK ACCESS AND ALLOWS
USE OF DOUBLE SIDED DRIVES .
CORRECTS FLOATING POINT NUMBER
ERROR.
COPY-IT
QUICKLY COPIES SELECTED PROGRAMS
FROM DISK. USE WILD CARD OPTION
SEARCH TO SELECT GROUPS OF
PROGRAMS FOR COPY (NOT FOR PRO-
TECTED PROGRAMS)
2 GAMES
Our own CRYSTAL REVENGE and one other.
Both have sold for over $17.00 each.
IF SOLD SEPARATELY OVER
$125.00 WORTH OF SOFTWARE!!!
only $24.95!!!
(or even better)
$4.95 with
DISK DRIVE PURCHASE!!!
OWL-WARE
WINCHESTER BASIC
ANNOUNCING... the Development of a Major Breakthrough in
HARD DRIVE SYSTEMS for the COLOR COMPUTER!!!
Several months ago OWL-WARE introduced the Finest OS9 Hard Drive System for the Color Computer.
Now we are about to introduce the only RSDOS Interface System worthy of our computer, OWL-WARE
Winchester Basic. For the first time you have available a true Winchester System, Although there are 10
directories made available to BASIC, the only limit to size of any file is the size of your drive. On a
10 meg drive you could have a 8 meg file on directory 5 and a 1 meg file on directory 8 and small files
everywhere. You turn the computer on and you can immediately access your drive from BASIC or any language
using commands you already know. You do not have to know or use OS9 to use OWL-WARE WINCHESTER
BASIC, but if you do, all files saved from RSDOS are available to OS9. All files generated from OS9 can
be made available to RSDOS by copying to the WINCHESTER BASIC directories. There are no partitions to
wall you into only one operating system, but nothing forces you to use an operating system you don't like.
Call for further details and availability on this breakthrough product!!!
WITH
DRIVE
BELOW
(NOC Until
5(>0 O.Feb. 28th WITHOUT
*ta Until
ibOU.Feb. 28th
$50.
Thereafter
DRIVE
$75.
Thereafter
OS-9 HARD DRIVE SYSTEMS
Disk Access is at Least... 8 Times Faster than Floppy Drives.
Control up to 2 Drives. EACH with Continuous Massive
Memory!!! Complete OS-9 Hard Drive System Includes...
Software, Hard Drive, Controller and L.R. Tech Interface.
INTRODUCTORY PRICE... until Jan. 19th
$495.5MEG $649.10MEG
(19,500 + sectors) (39,100 sectors)
$849.20MEG
OWL-WARE is pleased to announce
an exclusive arrangement to Distribute
the L.R. TECH Hard Drive Interface
and Software.
Interface &
Software Only $99.
NOTE: Interface is not Intenupt
Driven Like Our Competition.
Therefore, the System Clock
does not Lose Time During
Hard Drive Access.
INSTALL IN ANY SLOT OF
MULTI-PAK OR USE Y CABLE.
DEALERS INQUIRES INVITED
CREATE BEAUTIFUL PICTURES UITH
<4STE
A
m Convenient, on-icrttn
h Accept* input from X-PAD.
TOUCH-PAST MOUSf or JOYSTICK
- nagnilicstton Mode
Drew with custom paintorushes
Drew with custom patnior
C*su rrti-nind sKetcntng
*PeTnt- command
10 colors at a time
Pictures are ready for use
antic prograMi
ing In any fiie
Color
in
m Lettering n
n Screen dump to Color ink-Jt t
or otntr Tandy printers
■4k mart • . *09 . as
UUW J-DIHENSIONAL OBJECTS FROM ANY
ANCLE MI TH
Convenient, on-screen Menu
Supports input froM X-PRD,
TOUCH-PAD, nOUtt or JOYSTICK
Sutlt-in screen dump to Tandy
Sr inter s
lculates dimensions for you
from Just a rough sketch
Plots or calculates lines and
ar c »
On-screen sketching Mode
S«R DISK 129. 99
A Disk Tinkerer's
Device
There was an excellent article in
the December 1985 RAINBOW,
"Zapping with Confidence,"
Page 118 by Jeffry D wight, that pro-
vided a well-designed "disk zap" utility.
Now you can have an easy means to
examine and modify disks. In this
article I will try to aid such hardy
tinkerers by discussing some aspects of
just what you will see when you look at
your disks. Some of this material is
explained in the Radio Shack Disk
Extended BASIC manual in Chapter 11.
Some of the material, however, is not
given there, especially the information
on specific file structure.
As a bonus, 111 provide you with a
utility. Called Analyzer, it automati-
cally gathers up the widely separated
information on just where given direc-
tory files are on your disk and prints it
out in a neat fashion. Analyzer can be
used in conjunction with any disk
editor, such as the one mentioned
above.
Note 1: There may be some confusion
Martin H. Goodman, M.D., a physi-
cian trained in anesthesiology, is a long
time electronics tinkerer and outspoken
commentator on CompuServe and
Delphi (sort of the Howard Cosell of the
CoCo Community). Among his numer-
ous hardware and software design,
production and marketing projects, he
introduced Graphicom and WEFAX to
the Co Co world. His non-computer
passions include running, mountaineer-
ing and outdoor photography. Marty
lives in San Pablo, California.
about what number (zero or one) is the
first number in a given sequence. The
first sector on a track is numbered one,
yet the first track on the disk is num-
bered zero. The first byte in the direc-
tory entry is called "byte zero." The First
granule is called granule number zero.
These are arbitrary conventions. They
are not all consistent with each other,
and are a pain to remember . . . but
remember them a hacker must!
Note 2: When referring to the data on
the disk, I'll denote it in two different
forms. When I say the first 11 bytes
contain the filename and extension, I
mean that the data is there in ASCII
code. However, when I say the File Type
flag byte will be 0, 1, 2 or 3, I am
indicating the Hex value of that byte.
When I later refer to the value of a byte
in the Granule Allocation Table, I'll also
be referring to its Hex value.
The letter 'A' in ASCII is represented
as Hex 41. Most disk zappers offer the
option of displaying a sector in either
Hex or ASCII. The one published in the
December rainbow had even more
options (decimal and binary) for how to
display the data from the disk. The best
disk zappers use a technique to display
at the same time both the ASCII value
and the Hex value of at least a selected
byte in the sector, if not some or all of
the sector. Some disk zappers ( VIPs, for
example) display "screen code" values
of the sector. This is vaguely like an
ASCII display, but the data is repre-
sented somewhat differently. With such
zappers, the ASCII/ Hex options need
to be used. In this article, when I make
By Martin H. Goodman
reference to text I'm talking ASCII, but
when I specify to numeric information
I am talking Hex.
Note 3: I will assume we are consid-
ering only normal Radio Shack/ Micro-
soft Disk Extended BASIC files here.
What follows is not relevant, directly to
OS-9, copy-protected material or to
noncopy-protected, but also non stand-
ard format disks, such as some new
Radio Shack games, the new Infocom
games and Graphicom or WEFAX
picture disks.
Note 4: 1 will assume you are familiar
with the fundamental divisions of data
on a disk: the 35 tracks and the 18 256-
byte sectors that are standard for Radio
Shack's Disk Operating System. The
Radio Shack Disk Extended BASIC
manual is quite clear on this matter, I
will also assume you understand that a
"granule" consists of nine sectors on the
disk, thus is 2*4 K in size and can occupy
either the first or the last nine sectors
(numbered 1 through 9 or 10 through
18) on a given track. Every track except
Track 17 (the directory track) consists
of two granules. The directory track is
excluded from granule notation. There-
fore, Track 0, Sector 1 is the first sector
in granule number 0, Track 16, Sector
18 is the last sector in Granule 33 and
Track 18, Sector 1 is in Granule 34.
Note 5: Most of the time I will use
Hex notation, but sometimes I will use
decimal. Thus, when I refer to Track 17,
I am talking decimal. Whenever 1 use
Hex, I'll specify it by writing the word
"Hex" or by preceding the number with
a dollar sign ($).
84
THE RAINBOW March 1986
These notes may seem tedious, but
hopefully they will help the novice get
past some of the conventions that
longtime hackers often accept and
understand without thinking about
them, yet are sometimes confusing to
the newcomer.
Directory Structure
When you type DIR, you see a listing
of filenames, extensions and then a
number, a letter and another number.
The first number displayed is the File
Type, the letter is the ASCII flag and the
last number is the number of granules
in that file. Everything except for the
information on how many granules
there are in the file is directly recorded
in the directory entry.
The directory starts on Track 1 7 (Hex
$11), Sector 3. Each entry is 32 (Hex
$20) bytes long, of which only the first
16 (Hex $10) bytes are used. The re-
maining 16 bytes are "reserved for
future use" by Microsoft. Therefore,
one sector can hold up to eight directory
entries. If the directory has more than
eight files on it, then more sectors
(Track 17, sectors 4, 5, 6, etc.) are used.
Let's look at Track 17, Sector 3.
Bytes $00 through $0A: Filename
and Extension
As can be learned from reading
Chapter 1 1 of the Radio Shack manual,
filenames in the directory are placed on
Track 17, Sector 3 and up. The first
eight bytes of the entry are the filename,
the next three are its extension. These
1 1 bytes normally contain ASCII char-
acters. Files that were killed will have
the first byte in their name changed to
HexO.
Byte $0B: File Type Flag
The next one is the File Type flag.
This byte equals 00 for tokenized BASIC
programs. It equals Hex 01 for what the
Radio Shack manual calls "BASIC data
files," or what you will encounter as
"ASCII BASIC" files, or as with many
word processors and editor/ assemblers,
ASCII text files. It equals Hex 02 for
machine language programs. The man-
ual says this byte equals Hex 03 for "text
editor source files." This File Type is
rarely encountered, except by users of
Color Scripsit. To those, I suggest
buying Telewriter and Telepatch or VIP
Writer or Elite Word. You'll have a
much better word processor and won't
have to worry about text editor source
files.
Byte $0C: ASCII Flag
The ASCII flag follows the File Type
flag. This single byte is set to zero if the
file is in binary format, and set to Hex
FF if the file is in ASCII format. To-
kenized BASIC is a kind of binary File
Type; so is a machine language pro-
gram. Thus, both of those tend to have
the ASCII flag set to zero. ASCII text
files (File Type flag = 1) have their
ASCII flag set to Hex FF.
Byte SOD: First Granule
This is the number of the first granule
used for the file.
Bytes $0E and $0F: Number of Bytes
in Last Sector
Byte $0E is the high order byte, and
is either zero or one — most of the time
it is zero. If one, the next byte is zero,
and 256 bytes in use (a full sector) are
specified. Byte 15 varies from one
through FF to signify from one through
255 bytes used in the last sector of the
file. Bytes $10 through $1F are "re-
served" from back in 1981 for "future
use." They have never been used.
Note here that while bytes Hex 0D,0E
and OF provide some information about
where the file resides on the disk and
how far it extends, they leave out a lot!
They give no clue, in and of themselves,
as to how many granules there are in the
file or of how many sectors are used in
the last granule of the file. To find that
out, you have to move over to Track 17,
Sector 2, called the Granule Allocation
Table, or GAT.
The GAT
The GAT occupies Track 17, Sector
2. Actually, only the first 68 bytes of
Track 17, Sector 2 constitute the GAT.
The disk manual incorrectly states that
the remaining bytes in that sector will
be zero. Anyone who's ever looked at
a disk with a zapper knows this is not
true. Indeed,' due to some sloppy code
in Disk BASIC, copies of pieces of the
directory itself wind up in the space
beyond the 68th byte of Track 17,
Sector 2. This little idiosyncrasy had to
be corrected by authors of Disk BASIC
modifications who were implementing
support for 40- and 80-track drives, but
that's another story. Suffice it to say
here that in a normal Disk BASIC disk,
the first 68 bytes of Track 17, Sector 2
are the GAT and the remaining bytes
are "garbage."
The first byte in the GAT is "byte
number zero." Each byte in the GAT
corresponds to the status of a given
granule on the disk. That status is
encoded as follows: If the GAT byte is
equal to $FF, then the corresponding
granule is avilable for new files. On a
blank disk this is a blank (ail $FF)
granule; on an often-used disk, which
has had files killed and other files
written to it, that granule might contain
some data from a previously killed file.
Sample Run
* INDICATES A KILLED FILE WHEN IN FRONT OF FILE NAME
* INDICATES INVALID GAT ENTRY IN GAT LISTING
KILLED FILES THAT ARE NOT LISTED AS ' SCRUNCHED GAT' HAVE MOST LIKELY
BEEN WRITTEN OVER BY A NEW FILE AND ARE REALLY LOST I
DIRECT1 /BAK BASIC data file ASCII
2 * # OF SECTORS IN LAST GRAN
2 = # OF; BYTES IN LAST SECTOR
DIRECT2 /BAK BASIC data file ASCII
6 = # OF SECTORS IN LAST GRAN
3B = # OF BYTES IN LAST SECTOR
DISKANAL/BAK BASIC program BINARY
0B
9 * # OF SECTORS IN LAST GRAN
FF - # OF BYTES IN LAST SECTOR
DIRECT1 /TXT BASIC data file ASCII
0C,0D,0E,j3F,lj3, 11,12
2 f # OF SECTORS IN LAST GRAN
2 - | OF BYTES IN LAST SECTOR
DIRECT2 /TXT BASIC data file ASCII
13,14,15,16
6 « # OF SECTORS IN LAST GRAN
3B « # OF BYTES IN LAST SECTOR
DISKANAL/BAS BASIC program BINARY
17
9 « # OF SECTORS IN LAST GRAN
FF « # OF BYTES IN LAST SECTOR
March 1986 THE RAINBOW 85
me companies
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PROCOLORFILE
© 1984 by Derringer Software, Inc.
ENHANCED 2.0
60 Data Fields for each record
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Obtain totals, averages, or summaries for any field
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Send data out to a DYNACALC compatible file
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Pre-define up to 16 indexes for searching/reporting file
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• DISK ID NAME • FILENAME/EXT • TYPE OF FILE
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ALLOCATED AND USED • MACHINE LANGUAGE
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GRAPHICS SUPERIOR
$5495
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MASTER DESIGN
© 1984 by Derringer Software, Inc.
Generates lettering in hi-res graphics that can be different
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Take full advantage of all the extended BASIC hi-res graphic
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DYNAGRAPH
© 1984 by Derringer Software, Inc.
A UTILITY PROGRAM FOR OWNERS OF DYNACALC®
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max Edit
© 1985 Snard Enterprises
A FONT EDITOR FOR COCO MAX
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• C0C0 Max I & II Compatible
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Written by: Michael W. Shawaluk
C0C0 Max* Is a registered trademark of Colorware.
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Adda new "twist" to your printers capabilities!
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@ SUMMARY
©1985 Derringer Software, Inc.
If you use your spreadsheet program to keep track of your
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In either case, the granule is flagged as
available for new files.
If a byte in the GAT is equal to a
number from zero through 67 ($0
through $43), it means that the granule
is occupied by a given directory file, that
this granule is not the last granule in the
file, and the next granule in the file is
the granule number corresponding to
the number in that byte. As a result, if
the directory entry says the first granule
in a file is Granule $1E and Byte $1E
in the GAT reads Hex IF, that means
granule $1F is the next granule in the
file, and Byte $1F of the GAT must now
be looked at to learn more about where
the file resides.
If the byte in the GAT reads $C1
through $C9, it means the correspond-
ing granule is the last granule in the file,
and the number of sectors in the granule
that actually belong to the file is the low
order Hex digit of the number in the
GAT byte. That is, if we look at Byte
$1F from the example of the last para-
graph and find it contains $C4, it means
the file in question occupies a total of
two granules, granules IE and IF, and
Granule IF actually has only the first
four of its sectors used for the file (the
remaining five would be wasted).
Note that the smallest file in Disk
BASIC must occupy a whole granule,
even if it is only one byte long. The rest
of the granule in question is wasted.
Note that if a GAT byte is equal to any
number besides $FF, 00 through $43, or
$C1 through SC9, it means the GAT
itself has an error in it! The Disk BASIC
manual alleges that SCO is a valid code
for a GAT byte, but I can see no use for
that value. (If a reader can explain to
me the significance of a $C0 GAT byte
value, I'd appreciate it.) For now, I can
only assume the Disk BASIC manual is
in error on this matter.
To fully know exactly where the file
ends, we now need to hop back to look
at the directory entry for the number of
bytes in the last sector of the file that
are actually used. You now can see that
the specification of what bytes on the
disk corrrespond to a given file is
smeared out between the directory entry
for that file and the GAT. In the GAT,
the file size has to be determined by
tracking down the file from GAT byte
to GAT byte, until the end of what
programmers call the "linked list" of
bytes is reached. And finally, after
finding the last granule and last sector
in that granule, one has to go back to
the directory entry to find where the last
used byte is in the last sector.
What a mess! Why did they do it that
way? Despite the mess, there is some
method to this madness. Grouping all
the information concerning which gran-
ules are used and which are not into one
single block, they facilitate keeping
track of available space on the disk and
make killing of old files easier to do.
Though there are some ways in which
the scheme is needlessly complex, it
actually makes more sense than it seems
to upon first glance after you start
considering how disk operating systems
and file managers have to be written.
Killed Files
When you kill a file using Disk BASIC,
the actual file data is not immediately
destroyed. What happens is the first
byte in the name of the file in the
directory is set to zero, and all bytes in
the Granule Allocation Table, which
"The best disk
zappers use a
technique to
display at the
same time both
the ASCII value
and the Hex value
of at least a
selected byte in
the sector."
correspond to bytes in that file, are set
to SFF (= available). Thus, if you kill
a file, all data in the file remains on the
disk. Only the information in the GAT
needed to find such data is destroyed by
the KILL command itself. .
Of course, if you try to 5RVE any new
data to a disk after killing a file, you
may end up writing over granules that
were previously a part of the killed file,
or even writing over the old killed
directory entry as well. At that point,
the file data in the killed file is com-
pletely destroyed. But, if you have
merely killed a file and then want to
restore it, such restoration is possible,
though often tedious.
As you add files to a fresh, formatted
disk, Disk BASIC is inclined to assign
granules to each new file in a fashion
that starts on one side of the dirctory
and tends to alternate on either side of
the directory track. Therefore, files
under Disk BASIC tend to get assigned
near the middle of the disk and grow
towards both the center and the outer
edge.
However, some disk utilities (such as
Spectrum Projects' Directory Utiltity)
assign granules sequentially from Gran-
ule 0 to Granule 68; disks that have had
many files written to them, then erased,
then others written to them, tend to
have the granules that compose a given
file scattered all over the disk. This can
make reconstruction of a big killed file
on such a disk very difficult.
File Structure
Now that you know how to find a
given file, from its first to last byte on
the disk, I'll explain what you can
expect to see in the three most com-
monly encountered Disk BASIC files.
ASCII
ASCII text files ("basic text files")
are the easiest of all to understand.
These files have the File Type flag set
to one and the ASCII flag set to SFF.
They are almost totally "raw" data —
just byte after byte of information,
usually (though not necessarily) ASCII
text. The only thing special about them
is the last byte in the file is Hex 1A
(control Z). This is the flag that marks
the end of an ASCII text file. Within the
file the bytes are typically less than a
Hex value of $80, but are not required
to be so. Thus, the only special "struc-
ture" such a file has is that it will not
have any SlA's in it until the last byte
of the file.
Tokenized BASIC
Tokenized BASIC files are a kind of
binary file. They have a File Type flag
of zero and an ASCII flag of zero as
well. Looking at them in ASCII, you
will be able to recognize all the text that
is in the BASIC program, but all BASIC
key words are encoded ("tokenized")
into one or two bytes. Line numbers do
not appear as ASCII, but as two Hex
bytes.
For example, the line 257 PRINT
"ABC" appears in the file as the follow-
ing sequence of bytes: 00 (a line delime-
ter), 01 01 (the two-byte Hex value for
257 decimal) followed by Hex 80 (the
BASIC token code for PRINT), then Hex
22 41 42 43 22, the ASCII codes for
"ABC". Because no BASIC token is set to
00, and 00 is a nul (not used to encode
ASCII letters and symbols), you will
never find inside the tokenized BASIC
file more than two 00 bytes in a row.
88
THE RAINBOW March 1986
However, at the end of the file, you will
find three 00 bytes. This is Basic's "end
of file flag." If you are in the process of
reconstructing a disk after losing the
GAT on it (an utterly thankless task. . .
let me tell you!), your reconstruction of
a given BASIC file is aided by your search
for the sector with BASIC code and three
00 bytes.
Occasionally, you might encounter
what appears to be a normal BASIC file
that has two sets of three 00 bytes in it.
This most likely is an especially pre-
pared "end packed" BASIC file, made up
by programmers to stuff machine lan-
guage code invisibly at the end of a
BASIC file. Such files are not normal
BASIC files and have been "foxed with"
by the programmer.
Machine Language Files
These are by far the the most compli-
cated files of all. This is due to the
provision Microsoft made for "seg-
mented" binary files. That is, an ML file
on a disk (unlike its counterpart on a
tape) can consist of several segments
that load in different areas of memory.
Let's start with the description of a non-
segmented ML file, then go on from
there.
Non-segmented ML Files
The SAVEM command generates non-
segmented ML files. Note that the
SAVEM command cannot generate a
segmented ML file; those are created
using various editor/ assemblers or by
foxing with the file as it resides on the
disk using a disk zapper. Such non-
segmented ML files (actually they are
segmented files that have only one
segment) begin with a 00 byte. This is
followed by two bytes that specify
number of ML data bytes, then by two
more bytes that specify where the ML
data is to start loading into memory.
This five-byte "header" is followed by
the ML data itself. At the end of the file
is a five-byte ending sequence, consist-
ing of an $FF byte, two bytes of 00 each,
then two bytes that specify the execute
address of the file.
For example, if you made a file using
SAVEM "TEST" &H4321, &H4324,
&H4322, and if $4321 through $4324
contain the Hex values Al, B2, C3 and
D4 at the time you save the file, it
appears on the disk (in Hex) as follows:
00 00 04 43 21 (the five-byte header with
the 00 flag byte, the length of the file as
$0004 and the start address of $4321),
followed by Al, B2, C3, D4 (the actual
data in the file itself), followed by the
end five bytes of FF, 00, 00, 43 and 22.
Note carefully that the end address is
not specifically stored as such on the
disk in the file header. It must be
calculated from the start of load address
and the file length. Also note that you
must track the file down to its end
before you can tell what its execute
address is.
Segmented ML Files
Segmented ML files are very similar,
but after the first segment, instead of
having an FF 00 00 (execute address)
five-byte end flag, they have another
header, specifying more data to be
loaded elsewhere in memory. There is
no limit (other than the memory of the
CoCo and the size of the disk) on how
many segments such a file can have, so
it is possible to create an ML file that
loads single bytes all over the memory
of the CoCo. In these segmented files
the end is recognized by the presence of
the FF end flag followed by the 00 00
(execute address) five-byte final block.
Thus, a segmented ML file can have lots
of start and end addresses, though it can
only have one execute address.
This segmented structure can be a bit
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confusing, but it is very convenient for
assemblers! And, it is helpful when you
need to make a program that loads stuff
in differing and widely separated areas
of memory. Such segmented files are
easily created with EDTASM and with
Macro 80C (and probably most other
editor/ assembler packages) using more
than one ORG statement in the source
code. Indeed, some assemblers that
assemble directly to disk, like Macro
80 C y create segmented files even when
assembling source code that is not
multiple ORGed. In such cases, the end
address of one segment will be seen to
be one less than the start address of the
next.
References
Disk BASIC Unravelled, published by
Spectral Associates, is the bible for ML
disk hackers. Indeed, I'd go so far as to
say that if you do any assembly lan-
guage hacking using Disk basic, you
need to buy the three-volume BASIC
Unravelled (cost is about $50). This set
has fully commented disassemblies of
all versions of the CoCo ROMs, gobs
of information about the RAM-base
page and such, stuff on file formats,
BASIC routine entry points, and the like.
It is what Microsoft and Tandy should
have published the day they released the
CoCo on the market. Spectral Asso-
ciates and the unnamed ML hacker(s)
who compiled this set deserve the
thanks of all CoCo users.
The Disk Extended BASIC Manual
comes with your Radio Shack disk
Drive 0. This manual can be ordered
separately, although only the few pages
in Chapter 1 1 are of relevance to what
is written here.
The Disk Analyzer Program
The following simple BASIC program
automatically searches out all the infor-
mation needed to find every byte in a
given valid file on a Disk BASIC disk. It
dumps that information to a printer;
you can also have it go to the screen by
changing Line 50 from D=-2 to D=0. If
you do this, you'll want to add some
kind of pause feature as the data oth-
erwise scrolls by too quickly to read.
Just load the program, type RUN, put the
disk you want to analyze in Drive 0,
make your printer ready and press any
key. All text is printed in ASCII char-
acters and all numeric values are printed
in Hex.
Analyzer prints four lines of informa-
tion about each file on your disk.
First line: Filename, extension, File
Type flag byte status, ASCII flag status
(an asterisk [*] precedes any killed files
on your disk that this Analyzer will see
and list).
Second line: The numbers of all the
granules that compose the file, from the
first to the last. If invalid granule
numbers are detected, the program
indicates this by a '*' and / or by printing
in the next line "scrunched GAT!".
Third line: The number of sectors in
the last granule.
Fourth line: The number of bytes in
the last sector.
This program gathers together all the
widely separated data into one table for
you to refer to when you are wandering
around your disk using a disk zapper.
Note that Analyzer does some testing
for messed up entries, but on a disk with
blown directory entries it won't be of
much use. □
The listing: ANALYZER
300 .
470 .
920 .
END
.95
.48
.72
163
10 CLEAR 2000
2)3 DIM G(69)
25 CLS : PRINT" (C) MARTY GOODMAN 1
985" : PRINT
30 PRINT "DIRECTORY ANALYZER" : PRI
NT: PRINT "PREPARE PRINTER" : PRINT :
PRINT "HIT ANY KEY TO CONTINUE"
40 IF INKEY$="" THEN GOTO 40
50 D=-2
70 PRINT#D, " * INDICATES A KILLED
FILE WHEN IN FRONT OF FILE NAME
ii
80 PRINT#D, "* INDICATES INVALID
GAT ENTRY IN GAT LISTING"
90 PRINT #D," KILLED FILES THAT AR
E NOT LISTED AS 'SCRUNCHED GAT 1
HAVE MOST LIKELY"
92 PRINT #D," BEEN WRITTEN OVER BY
A NEW FILE AND ARE REALLY LOST!
•i
95 PRINT#D, H,I :PRINT#D,""
100 REM READ IN GAT
110 DSKI$ 0,17,2,A$,B$
120 FOR N=l TO 68
130 G(N)=ASC(MID$(A$,N,1) )
140 NEXT N
200 REM ANALYZE DIRECTORY
210 S=3
250 DSKI$ 0,17,S,A$,B$
300 REM MAIN LOOP
305 IF LEN(A$)=0 THEN : GOTO 5000
307 K=0
310 T=l:GOSUB 2000:IF E$=CHR$(&H
FF) THEN GOTO 9000
320 IF ASC(E$)<>0 THEN GOTO 350
325 K=l
335 PRINT#D, " * " ;
350 T=8:GOSUB 1000 : PRINT#D, E$ ; : P
RINT#D, "/" ;
360 T=3:GOSUB 1000 : PRINT # D, E$ ;
370 T=l:GOSUB 1000
375 E=ASC(E$)
380 IF E=0 THEN GOTO 410
385 IF E=l THEN GOTO 420
390 IF E=2 THEN GOTO 430
395 IF E=3 THEN GOTO 440
400 PRINT #D," BAD FLAG BYTE ";:
GOTO 450
410 PRINT#D," BASIC program ";:
GOTO 450
420 PRINT#D, " BASIC data file";:
GOTO 450
430 PRINT #D," Mach Lang progm" ; :
GOTO 450
90
THE RAINBOW March 1986
44j3 PRINT #D, " Txt Ed src f ile" ;
450 PRINT#D, 11 »; :T=1 : GOSUB 1/8/3
J3:E=ASC(E$)
46/3 IF E=/3 THEN GOTO 48/3
465 IF E=255 THEN GOTO 49/3
47/3 PRINT#D," *BAD* " :GOTO 5/3/3
48/3 PRINT#D, " BINARY" : GOTO 5/3/3
49/3 PRINT#D," ASCII "
5/3/3 REM ANALYZE GAT ENTRIES
51/3 T=l: GOSUB 1/3/3/3 :E=ASC(E$)
515 COMMA=/3
52/3 REM GAT LOOP
525 GOSUB 3/3/3/3
53/3 IF V=j3 THEN PRINT#D, 11 *":GOT
0 89/3
54/3 IF V=2 THEN GOTO 8/3/3
545 IF COMMA=/3 THEN GOTO 55/3
547 PRINT#D, " , " ;
55/3 G$="j3j3j3j3 ll :G$=G$+HEX$(E) :G$=R
IGHT$(G$,2) :PRINT#D,G$;
56/3 COMMA =1
57/3 E=G(E+1) : GOTO 52/3
8/3/3 REM CHECK SECTORS USED IN
LAST GRAN
81/3 PRINT#D, : PRINT#D, E AND &H/3
F ; " = # OF SECTORS IN LAST GRAN
ii
82/3 GOTO 9/3/3
89/3 PRINT #D, "SCRUNCHED GAT!"
9/3/3 REM CHECK BYTE COUNT IN LAST
SECTOR AND LOOP
91/3 GOSUB 1/3/3/3
915 B=ASC(E$):IF B>1 THEN GOTO 9
8/3
92/3 T«l: GOSUB 1/3/3/3
925 BC=256*B+ASC(E$) :IF BC>256 T
HEN GOTO 98/3
93/3 PRINT#D,HEX$(BC) 7" = # OF BY
TES IN LAST SECTOR"
94/3 T=16: GOSUB 1/3/3/3
945 PRINT#D, " "
95/3 GOTO 3/3/3
98/3 PRINT #D, "BAD BYTE COUNT ENTR
Y!":GOTO 94/3
1/3/3/3 REM TRIM OFF LEFT AND GET
See You at
RAINBOWfest-Chicago
May 23-25
SUBSTRING
1J3J35 E$=LEFT$(A$,T)
Ij81j3 A$=RIGHT$(A$,LEN(A$)-T) :RET
URN
2J2fj3j3 REM GET LEFT STRING
2j31j3 E$=LEFT$(A$ / 1) : RETURN
3J3J3J3 REM CHECK FOR VALID GAT ENT
RY
3j3j35 V=l
3j31j3 IF E<68 THEN RETURN
3j32j3 IF E>ScHBF GOTO 3J34J3
3j33j3 V=J3 : RETURN
3j34j3 IF E>&HC9 THEN GOTO 3j33j3
3J35J3 V=2: RETURN
5j3j3j3 REM CHECK FOR MORE DATA IN
B$ OR IN NEXT SECTOR
5J31J3 IF &$<>■*■" THEN A$=B$ : B$= lf 11 :
GOTO 3J3J3
5j32j3 S«S+l:GOTO 25j3
9j3j3j3 REM ALL DONE
9j31j3 SOUND lj3j3,2j3:CLS:PRINT@27j3,
"DONE"
9J32J3 END
Ij3j3)3j3 REM GAT DISPLAY
1010 PRINT#D / :PRINT#D, :PRINT#D,
" GRANULE ALLOCATION TABLE LIS
TING"
DYNAMIC COL_OR NEWS
A monthly Newsletter with Educational ma-
terial -for writing Programs, New Products,
Product Reviews, Programs, and much more.
t!5 yr. - Free Sample —
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MEMORY EXPANDERS
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MEMOR V MANAGE
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programs in both banks, store programs in
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Free Catalog. 24 Hour phone.
OX
ART
(205) —
OIM I
March 1986 THE RAINBOW 91
VARLIST:
A Quick and Easy Way
to List Program Variables
F r arlist, a utility program that
lists all variables, will lend some
help with those pesky problem
programs that you just can't get to work
properly.
Let's look at an example. I once had
a program with a variable called LNC
(for "Line Count"); it also had another
variable named LND (for "Line De-
scription"). The program just didn't
work as anticipated. Of course, in
hindsight I realized the error of my
ways: Only the first two characters are
significant in a variable name. The
program treated LNC and LND as the
same variable!
Now, if I only had a utility tool that
could tell me all the lines containing
LNC and LND. I didn't have such a
tool, and it took me an agonizingly long
time to go through every line of the
program to change one of the variable
names so it was different from the other.
I decided then that someday I would
write such a utility program. Varlist is
the result, and I would like to share it
with other CoCo friends. It lists all the
numbers of the lines in which variables
appear; in fact, if a variable appears
twice, it is listed twice. In addition, it
also highlights all the jump statements,
i.e., GOTO, GD5UB, THEN and ELSE.
Do You Like BASIC'S Beauty?
This program is written entirely in
BASIC. As you can imagine, it does not
Hans Schulz works for a major Cana-
dian bank in West Hill Ontario. He is
involved in planning the installation
and upgrading of banking terminals in
the bank's nationwide branch network.
By Hans Schulz
exactly race through the target pro-
gram, but it lets you know where it is
at all times. In the interest of preserving
some processing speed, I have kept the
REMarks to a bare minimum and have
eliminated unnecessary spaces wherever
possible. A program line without spaces
between basic statements and variable
names may look strange at first sight,
but you will get the drift of it.
Are You in a Hurry?
POKE 65495,0 will increase your
processing speed, but if you are really
impatient, insert lines 50001 and 50601
into Varlist for additional speed (see
Listing 2). However, you lose the screen
display during this speed up.
Do You have Enough Memory?
Varlist uses approximately 9,000
bytes (9K) of RAM. The program
changes the standard PCLEAR4 when
you first turn on the CoCo to PCLEAR1,
which only reserves one page of graph-
ics memory (1,536 bytes). If you have a
lengthy target program you may have to
free up some additional memory to fit
both Varlist and your program into the
available RAM space. To get at the
extra 1,536 bytes, you have to perform
the equivalent of a PCLEAR0, which, as
you may know, is not a valid basic
command. It can be summarized as
follows: When you first power up your
CoCo, type POKE &H19,6:NEW and
press ENTER. In this case, you should
also remove the PCLERR1 statement
from Line 50010.
How do You get the Program to Work?
First key in Varlist and CSfiVE a copy
of it, then make sure there are no typing
errors by testing it with RUN 50000. It
will list the variables in the test program
(lines 10 through 90). Correct typing
errors, if any, and CSflVE a corrected
copy of Varlist. Now delete lines 10
through 90.
Make sure the program for which you
want to produce the list of variables
does not have any line numbers greater
than 49999 and, if necessary, renumber
it. Merge your program with Varlist.
Now type RUN 50000 and press ENTER.
The screen will display the line numbers
of your program, which Varlist is scru-
tinizing as it steps through the program
line by line.
How does Varlist Work?
Line 50010 reserves 1,500 bytes of
memory for string variables and re-
serves space for 500 variable names and
500 line numbers; it also releases three
pages of graphics memory. (When you
turn on your CoCo it automatically
PCLEflRs four graphics pages.) Then the
screen is cleared.
Line 50030 finds the starting address
of your BASIC program in memory,
regardless of whether you have a 16K
or 32K CoCo. (This may be useful for
future reference.)
Line 50040 initializes the variable PO
(the pointer address of the beginning of
the next line) and variable LI (the
current line number being worked on).
Line 50570, processed in the G05UB
statement, displays the line number
being examined on the screen. If the line
number is greater than 49999 then the
program has reached Varlist and the
end of your target program, in which
92 THE RAINBOW March 1986
CoCo's Best & Fastest Spreadsheet System
ACCLAIMED BY THE EXPERTS
"DYNACALC is my choice for a CoCo spreadsheet."
Dan Downard, RAINBOW, September, 1984.
RAINBOW
CERTIFICATION
SEAL
"Eat your heart out, Lotus 1-2-3!"
Scott Norman, HOT CoCo, October, 1984.
Built-in Features:
51 x 24 Display with Lower Case
Super-fast Smart Screen Refresh
Auto-Repeat Keyboard Driver
Keysaver (TM) repeats last command x times
Disk Operating System (works just like ROM DOS)
Easy communication with BASIC/DOS programs
Two-way communications with PRO-COLOR-FILE ★ Enhanced*
Outputs to ASCII Word Processors like Telewriter-64
Fast 16-Digit Arithmetic with Scientific Functions
Summation, Mean, and Standard Deviation Functions
Logical Functions with String & Numeric Comparison
String locate command to navigate large worksheets
Sort full or partial worksheet by columns or rows
a'.T- as*
NOW
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now with
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)fJ0
Line, Bar, Hi/Lo/Close, Circle Graphs
Full Graphics captioning and overlay facility
Graphics Drivers for all popular Printers
Joystick/Mouse Driver for Cursor Movement
Works with any ROM versions, even JDOS
33k Available Worksheet Space
Up to 256 Columns or 256 Rows
Can use VisiCalc worksheets & training materials
On-screen Help Messages
FOR 64K DISK SYSTEMS
available from
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ar HPr
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or your local DYNACALC dealer
Price US$99.95
Outside North America add $10 postage
DYNACALC Reg. U. S. Pat. Off.
Lotus and 1-2-3 are trademarks of Lotus Development Corp.
PRO-COLOR-FILE is a trademark of Derringer Software
Telewriter-64 is a trademark of Cognitec
VisiCalc is a trademark of VisiCorp.
M * v y V y y f v f
POWER
XWORD
OS-9 word processing system.
• Works with standard text screen, XSCREEN, WORDPAK, or O-PAK
• True character oriented full screen editing
• Full block commands
• Find and Replace commands
• Execute OS-9 commands' from within
• Proportional spacing supported
• Full printer control, character size, emphasized, italics, overstrike, underline,
super/sub-scripts
• 10 header/footers
• Page numbering in decimal or Roman numerals
• Margins and headers can be set different for even and odd pages
• Menu oriented
• Upload/download. Ascii
or XMODEM protocol
• Execute OS-9 commands
from within XTERM
XTERM
OS-9 Communications program.
• Definable macro keys
• Works with standard serial port, RS232
PAK, or PBJ 2SP Pack. Includes all drivers.
• Works with standard screen. XSCREEN, or
WORDPAK 80 column board
$49.95 with source $89.95
XMENU
Creates a menu driven environment for OS-9.
Create your own menus • Works with standard screen,
XSCREEN, WORDPAK, O-PAK
with source $59.95
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OS-9 hi-res screen
51/64/85 chars per line • Easy menu operation
$19.95 with source $39.95
XDIR & XCAL
Hierarchial directory
• Full sorting
• Complete pattern matching
.95 with source $49.95
OS-9 calculator
• Decimal, Hex, Binary
• +, — . /, AND, OR, XOR, NOT
$24,
OS-9 disassembler
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Mail merge capabilities for XWORD
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OS-9 spelling checker, with 20000 and 40000 word dictionaries
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OS-9 full screen editor
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AND FOR RS DOS
SMALL BUSINESS ACCOUNTING This
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a Journal Posting List. $79.95
ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE Includes detail-
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These programs are user friendly and menu
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package features a hi-res screen. Each requires
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PAYROLL Designed for maintaining personnel
and payroll data for up to 200 hourly and salaried
employees with 8 deductions each. Calculates
payroll and tax amounts, prints checks and main-
tains year-to-date totals which can be automatical-
ly transferred to the SBA package. Computes each
pay period's totals for straight time, overtime and
bonus pay and determines taxes to be withheld.
Additional outputs include mailing list, listing of
employees, year-to-date federal and/or state tax
listing, and a listing of current misc. deductions.
Suited for use in all states except Oklahoma and
Delaware. $59.95
DMS Database Management System. Search, CBK Complete check register with statement
sort, calculated fields, disk and tape inter- balancing. Includes full amortization program and
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AUT085 Hi-res screen. 51/64/85 characters
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€612)
Table 1
Sum pie Output:
Variables and Jumps in Varlist
LA? (SUB)
5,0010
LP. (SUB)
5 $$40
gosub 50550
goto 50090
gosub 50520
__ _s __
c
50;37;0
- —
50070
N
gosub 50550
l~ .Tf .TP *TJ
gosub 50520
c 1
c then 500Bp 1
5ft090
N
bp $9$
PO
i__ ____
PO
FT
50090
KT
50090
goto 5J3j37^I
C j
N |
then 50,080
5,011,0
c
50110
N
50110
th^n 50080
5,0120
5012,0
50120
then 50080
5J3130
5;0I30
N
5013^0
then 50030
50140
c v "
50140
50140
then 500S0
50150
c !
50150
5015,0
C 1 [
50150
50150
c
50150
the ng a sub 50540
50150
goto ijS^SjfJ
C
501S0
N - ,1
50160
50 I 60
D$ j
50160
gosub 50410
50160
goto 50090
50170
C
50170
N
D$
D$
50170
gosub 50410
50170
goto 50J09!0
50180
C '
50180
50ia0
gosub 50410
50180
goto 5 ftp 90
50190
C
s#i90
case all variables have been found and
the list will be displayed on the screen
starting at Line 50600.
As an aid to the general understand-
ing of Varlist, I let it generate a list of
the variables used in the Varlist pro-
gram (see Sample Output, Table 1). I
have also prepared a shortened list of
the variables, where each variable ap-
pears only once, and have sorted the
variables in alphabetical order (see
Table 2).
The GOSUB 50520 in Line 50060 reads
the next character (in ASCII format)
from the memory location where your
program is stored.
Line 50070 is reused again later, and
if *C (the character being examined) is
a zero, it indicates that the last byte of
the program line has been reached. In
that case, 'N' (the number of the storage
location being read) must be decre-
mented by one to update the address
pointer (PO) of the next line in the
GOSUB 50550.
In Line 50080 the next character is
read (GOSUB 50520). If the character
('C') is a space, then the process is
repeated until a non-blank character is
found.
If in Line 50090 the address pointer
of the next line is identified, then PO is
updated again.
Lines 50100 through 50140 identify
some BASIC statements with two-byte
Table Z
Short List of Variables
in Alphabetical Order
I
IS
IM
IX
LA
IA$(SUB)
LI
LL
LR(SUB)
MN$
MX$
"KT
PL
PO
Q
R
S
T
Z
tokens and processing continues with
reading the next character in Line
50080. Line 50100 identifies a PEEK;
Line 50110, a USR statement; Line
50120, an RBS function; Line 50130, an
ATN function; and Line 50140, an SQR
function.
Line 50150 determines when process-
ing can skip to the next line without
reading to the end of the current line.
That can be done when a DATA state-
ment is encountered (token 134) or a
REM (token 130), or its equivalent, the
apostrophe ('), which is tokenized as
131, and also the LLIST statement
(token 155) and LIST (token 148).
GOSUB 50540 accomplishes the skip to
the next line, after which processing
continues at 50080 by reading the next
character.
Lines 50160 through 50200 are some-
what self-explanatory: They deal with
the jump statements (GOTO, GOSUB,
THEN and ELSE). Only Line 50190 seems
a little out of place — it identifies the
two-byte token for RND (255 132). The
RND token is not of significance to the
Varlist logic and the program reads the
next character by branching back to
50080. Having disposed of the RND (255
132) token, it can now be deduced in
Line 50200 that if the current character
is a token 132, it is part of the two-byte
token (58 132) representing the state-
ment ELSE. (Does 58 seem familiar? It
is the ASCII code for the colon [:],
which is used by BASIC to separate
statements on the same line. Quite
clever, those Microsoft people, using
the colon as part of the ELSE logic!)
Now, back to the jump statements. In
each case a descriptor (D$) is being
built. This string may contain, for
example, the word "then" or "else" and
may conceivably have the word "goto"
or "gosub" added to it. At this point, a
subroutine is performed (GOSUB 50410)
that obtains the line reference number,
i.e., the line number to which the jump
statement has been programmed to
jump. Upon return from the subroutine,
with the next byte already read, process-
ing branches back to 50090 to determine
what to do with this character.
Line 50210 looks at the letter *M*
(ASCII code = 77). This is not an
ordinary 'M' though, such as an 'M' that
may be part of a variable name. It is the
*M' in CL0ADM. The token for CLOAD is
151, and if the byte following it is the
letter 'M', then GOSUB 50520 reads it
and, immediately afterwards, branches
back to 50080 to read the next charac-
ter. At this point Line 50220 discards
any further tokenized BASIC statements,
March 1986
THE RAINBOW
95
i.e., ASCII codes greater than 127, and
branches back to 50080.
Line 50230 finds out if the character
read is alphabetic, i.e., if the ASCII
code is in the range from 65 to 90,
representing the capital letters A to Z.
Finally, the program does some real
work after all the sifting and discarding
up to this point: The subroutine at
50300 assembles the variable name,
starting with the character ('C') just
read, then adds to it, one byte at a time,
until the variable name is completely
assembled. After return from the sub-
routine, Varlist branches back again to
50080 to read the next character.
Line 50240 tests to see whether the
character read is a quote ("), which is
represented by ASCII code 34. Any-
thing enclosed in quotes is of no interest
in this program. Therefore, the subrou-
tine at Line 50270 keeps on reading and
discarding characters until it finds the
second of a pair of quotes. The main
body of this program ends at Line
50250, where processing loops back to
read the next character at 50080.
What do the Subroutines do?
Varlist contains the following sub-
routines, which are each described here.
1) Skip between Quotes — Line 50260
2) Build the Variable Name — Line
50300
3) Build the Line Number Reference —
Line 50400
4) Peek at the next ASCII Character —
Line 50510
5) Skip to the next Line — Line 50530
6) Print the List of Variables — Line
50590
Skip between Quotes — Line 50260
As described earlier, this subroutine
keeps reading and discarding characters
until it finds the second of a pair of
quotes (ASCII code 34). The subroutine
also checks for reasonable length of the
string between the pair of quotes. I felt
anything in excess of five lines of 32
characters (a total of 160 characters) is
probably in error and designed the
program to stop in such a case. If this
does not apply in your program, simply
change Line 50280 accordingly.
Build the Variable Name — Line 50300
When powering up CoCo the sub-
script (LA) used to identify the labeled
variable (LA$) has a value of zero. On
each trip through the subroutine, that
is, every time a new variable name is
stored, the subscript is incremented by
one in Line 50310. In Line 50320 the
first character of the variable is stored;
in 50330 the next character is read.
In Line 50340 the character value of
zero indicates the end of the current line
has been reached and it is now time to
store the current line number (LI) in the
array LR(LA). This array is used for
later printing to indicate where each
variable appears in the target program.
The program then branches back to the
beginning of the main routine of the
program.
Line 50350 tests to see if the byte
currently under scrutiny is numeric
(ASCII codes 48 to 57) or if it is alpha-
betic (ASCII codes 65 to 90). If it is
alphanumeric, the byte is appended to
the array LA$(LA) and processing
loops back within the subroutine to
50330 to read the next byte. If the
character being examined in Line 50360
is a T sign (ASCII code = 36), it is added
to the variable name and processing
resumes at 50330, getting the next byte.
In Line 50370, if the character is an
ASCII code 40, i.e., the opening bracket
\\ then the literal "(SUB)" is appended
to the variable name to show that the
variable is subscripted. In other words,
the variable is an array.
Line 50380 stores the current line
number being worked on (and presently
being held in "LI") in the Line Reference
array, "LR(LA)."
Build the Line Number Reference —
Line 50400
In Line 50410, which is similar to
Line 50310, the subscript LA is incre-
mented by one to store the Line Refer-
ence on each pass through the subrou-
tine.
In Line 50420 the line number LI
presently being processed is stored in
the Line Reference array, "LR(LA)."
Line 50430 obtains the next charac-
ter, and if it happens to be a blank
(ASCII = 32), the program immediately
gets the next byte.
(Mr. Schulz may be contacted with
questions about his program at 50
Morna Avenue, West Hill, Ontario,
Canada M1E2B1, phone 416-281-1583.
When writing, please include an
SASE.) □
V/ CfV
50040 ....151
50410 ....140
50380 99
50620 ....167
50790 ....166
51020 15
END 89
T
Listing 1: VARLIST
10 REM**LINES 10-90 REPRESENT A
TEST PROGRAM FOR DEMONSTRATION.
15 FORO=lTOP:IFQ=RT THENGOSUB12 3
456789ELSE10
20 S3=T3+U:V(W)=X3
2 5 NEXT Y: REM Q$
30 IFZ=5 THEN10ELSEGOTO13498
35 A3 (56)=1:B345=2:C4444=3
40 IF PEEK(DT)=4 THEN POKE ER,1
45 'Hi
50 IFF=3THENG=9ELSEGOTO10
55 IF H=I THENGOSUB10:GOTO 10 'R
EAD & END
60 PRINT "A=";J;" A3 = ";K3; fl
" ; L (M) ; M =ARRAY R" : RETURN
65 READ N$ : END
70 DATA A,A3,B
90 LIST
50000 *************************
* VARLIST *
*(LIST OF ALL VARIABLES) *
*FOR THE COLOR COMPUTER *
* BY HANS SCHULZ (1984) *
*************************
50010 CLEAR1500:PCLEAR1:DIM LA$ (
500) ,LR(500) :CLS
50020 ' ***INITIALIZE***
50030 N=PEEK(25) *256+PEEK(26) -1
50040 GOSUB50550:GOTO50090
50050 ' ***READ THE FILE***
50060 GOSUB50520
50070 IFC=0THENN=N-1:GOSUB50550
96 THE RAINBOW March 1986
GOSUB5052j3:IFC=32THEN50j38j3
5009j3 IFN=PO ANDC=j3THENP0=PEEK(N
+ 1)+PEEK(N) *256:GOTO5^I70
5j31j30 IF(C=134ANDPEEK(N-2)=255)T
HEN5j3j38j3
5j311j3 IF(C=131ANDPEEK(N-2)=255)T
HEN5J3J38J3
50120 IF(C=130ANDPEEK(N-2)=255)T
HEN5j308j3
5013J3 IF(C=148ANDPEEK(N-2)=255)T
HEN5J308J3
50140 IF(C=155ANDPEEK(N-2)=255)T
HEN50080
50150 IFC=134ORC=130ORC=131ORC=1
5 5 ORC= 148 THENGO SUB 50 5 4 0 : GOTO 500 8
5)316.0 IF(C=165ANDPEEK(N-2)=129)T
HEND$=D$+"goto":GOSUB50410:GOTO5
0090
50170 IF(C=166ANDPEEK(N-2)=129)T
HEND$=D$+"gosub" : GOSUB50410 : GOTO
50090
50180 IFC=167THEND$="then" :GOSUB
50410 :GOTO50090
50190 IF(C=132ANDPEEK(N-2)=255)T
HEN50080
50200 IFC=132THEND$="else" : GOSUB
50410 :GOTO50090
50210 IF(C=151ANDPEEK(N)=77)THEN
GOSUB50 520: GOTO50 080
50220 IFO127THEN50080
50230 IF(O64ANDC<91)THENGOSUB50
310:GOTO50080
5J324J3 IFC=34THENGOSUB50270:Q=0:G
OTO50080
50250 GOTO50080
50260 '***SKIP BETWEEN QUOTES***
50270 GOSUB50520:Q=Q+1:IFC<>34TH
EN50270
50280 IFQ>160THENPRINT"CKECK FOR
PAIRED QUOTES" : STOP
50290 RETURN
50300 '*** GET VARIABLE NAME ***
50310 LA=LA+1
50320 LA$(LA)=CHR$(C)
50330 GOSUB50520
50340 IFC=0THENLR(LA)=LI:GOTO500
70
50350 IF(C>47ANDC<58)OR(C>64ANDC
<91) THENLA$ (LA) =LA$ (LA) +CHR$ (C) :
GOTO50330
503 60 IFC=36THENLA$ (LA) =LA$ (LA) +
CHR$(C) :GOTO50330
50370 IFC=4 0THENLA$ (LA) =LA$ ( LA) +
"(SUB)"
50380 LR(LA) =LI
□□□□□
□□□□□
□□□□□
□□□□□
r 1 4
COLOR COMPUTERS
CALL TOLL FREE 1 -800-248-3823
COMPUTERS
LIST
PRICE
OUR
PRICE
COMPUTERS
LIST
PRICE
OUR
PRICE
26-3136 16K Extended Color Computer 2 .
26-3127 64K Extended Color Computer 2 .
26-3131 Disk Drive 0 for Color Computer .
26-3130 Disk Drive 1 for Drive 0
26-1276 DMP-105 80 cps Dot Matrix
Telewriter 64 Tape
Telewriter 64 Disk
VIP Writer
$119.95
219.95
299.95
199.95
199.95
49.35
59.95
69.95
$ 95.00
175.00
240.00
169.00
169.00
42.00
49.00
59.00
26-1 070 Model 4D Dsktp 64K 2FD & Dskmt
25-1000 ModeM0001FD128K& Dskmt
25-1001 Model 1000 1FD& 10 MHD256K.
25-3000 Model 1200 1FD & 10 MHD 256K .
25-3001 Model 1200 2FD 256K
25-4000 Model 3000 1FD 51 2K
25- 401 0 Model 3000 1FD & 20MHD 512K .
26- 3901 Model 600 Port Comp 32K 1 3VaD
$1199.00
999.00
1999.00
2499.00
1499.00
2599.00
3599.00
1599.00
$ 895.00
705.00
1475.00
1525.00
1200.00
1900.00
2600.00
1100.00
SOFTWARE
PRINTERS
VIP Database
VIP Terminal Disk
VIP Intergrated Software
RADIO SHACK Software
TOM MIX Software
SS/DD 10 Pack Diskettes
$ 59.95 $ 49.00
49.95 45.00
149.95 139.00
150/0 OFF
PLEASE CALL
21.00 14.00
EPSON LX-80 Printer $ 369.95 $ 225.00
EPSON LX-80 Tractor Feed 29.95 25.00
OKI DATA 182 Printer 299.00 245.00
STAR SG-10 Printer 299.00 250.00
C.ITOH 7500 Prowriter Printer 289.00 225.00
BOTEK Serial to Parallel Interface 59.00
MONITORS
ACCESSORIES
COMREX 12" Green Monitor .
COMREX 12" Amber Monitor
COMREX 13" Color Monitor .
AMDEK 300A Monitor
VIDEO PLUS Monitor Adaptor
$ 119.95 $ 95.00
129.95 110.00
329.95 285.00
199.00 155.00
PLEASE CALL
26-3012 Deluxe Joystick (EACH) $ 29.95
26-3017 64K RAM Kit 59.95
26-3008 Joysticks 19.95
26-1173 DCM -3 Direct Connect Modem 59.95
26-1208 CCR 81 Tape Recorder 59.95
$
25.00
51.00
16.95*
50.00
50.00
All prices and offers may be changed or withdrawn without notice Advertised prices are cash prices C O.D accepted |$10 00 crtarge per carton on C O.D Call lor further C O.D inlonnation ) UC. Visa add 2%. AX add 3% All non-defective items
returned will be subject to 10% restocking lee. Defective items require return merchandise authorization Call for H.M A Number before returning Delivery is subjecHo product availability MOP) W6d & f~li 9-9 TueS & ThUTS 9-6 Sat 9-3
PERRY COMPUTERS • 124 SOUTH MAIN STREET • PERRY, Ml 48872
March 1986 THE RAINBOW 97
50390 RETURN
50400 «***GET LINE # REFERENCE**
50410 LA=LA+1
50420 LR (LA) =LI
50430 GOSUB50520:IFC=32THEN50430
50440 IFD$="then"ANDPEEK(N-l) >12
9THEND$=""
50450 IFC>127THENLR(LA)=0:GOTO50
090
50460 IF(C<48ORC>57)THENLR(LA)=0
:D$="":GOSUB50320:GOTO50090
50470 LL=VAL(CHR$(C) )
50480 GOSUB50520:IF(C>47ANDC<58)
THENLL=LL*10+VAL(CHR$ (C) ) :GOTO50
480
50490 LA$ (LA) =D$+STR$ (LL)
50500 D$="": RETURN
50510 '***GET ASCII FOR NEXT C**
*
50520 C=PEEK(N) :N=N+1: RETURN
50530 «***SKIP TO NEXT LINE ***
50540 N=PO-l
50550 PO=PEEK(N+2)+PEEK(N+l) *256
50560 LI=PEEK(N+4)+PEEK(N+3) *256
50570 IFLI>49999THEN50600ELSEN=N
+5: PRINT"... LINE #";LI
50580 RETURN
50590 • ***PRINT THE LIST***
50600 PRINT: PRINT" PROCESSING
COMPLETE . . . " : PRINT
50610 PL=1
50620 IFLR ( PL) >0THENPRINTUSING" #
####"; LR ( PL) ; : PRINT " ";
50630 IFLA$ (PL) <>" "THENPRINTLA$ (
PL)
50640 PL=PL+1
50650 IFPL=FIX(PL/12) *12ANDPL<=L
A THENPRINT§471 , "MORE . . . " : PRINT
:GOTO50670
50660 IFPL<=LA THEN50620ELSE5068
50670 IFINKEY$O""THEN50620ELSE5
0670
50680 PRINT"***END OF LIST***":P
RINT@481, "WHAT WOULD YOU LIKE NO
W? ..."
50690 IFINKEY$O""THEN50700ELSE5
0690
50700 CLS:PRINTTAB (25) "ENTER"
50710 PRINTTAB(3) "PRINT ON YOUR
PRINTER. .P"
50720 PRINTTAB (3) "DISPLAY THE LI
ST D"
50730 PRINTTAB(3) "SHORT LIST ...
S"
50740 PRINTTAB (3) "END THE PROGRA
M E"
50750 PRINTTAB (22 ) "==> ";
50760 I$=INKEY$:IFI$=""THEN50760
50770 PRINTI$;" <=="
50780 IFI$="P"THEN50830
50790 IFI$="D"THEN50610
50800 IFI$="E"THENEND
50810 IFI$="S"THEN50880
50820 GOTO50700
50830 PL=1
50840 IFLR (PL) >0THENPRINT#-2 ,USI
NG"#####";LR(PL) ; :PRINT#-2," »;
50850 IFLA$ (PL)<>""THENPRINT#-2,
LA$(PL)
50860 PL=PL+1
50870 IFPL<=LA THEN50840ELSE5068
P
50880 '*** SHORT LIST ***
50890 PRINT "ONE MOMENT- PLEASE ..
.":PRINT" short list" : FORS=lTO
LA: FORT=lTOLA
50900 IFLA$(S)=""THENLA$ (S)=" ":
GOTO50930
50910' IFASC(LA$ (S) ) >9 6THENLA$ (S)
=" ":GOTO50930
50920 IF LA$(S)=LA$(T)ANDS<>T TH
ENLA$(S)=" "
50930 NEXTT:NEXTS
50940 FORR=lTOLA
50950 IFLA$(R)<>" "THENPRINTLA$ (
R) ;":"; :Z=Z+l:LA$(Z)=LA$(R)
509 60 NEXTR
50990 1 ***ALPHASORT THE LIST***
51000 N=Z:S=1
51010 PRINT: PRINT: PRINT"
W SORTING ..."
51020 MN$=LA$ (S) :IM=S:MX$=MN$:IX
=S
51030 FORI=S TO N
51040 IFLA$(I)>MX$ THENMX$=LA$ (I
) : IX=I
51050 IFLA$(I)<MN$ THENMN$=LA$ (I
) : IM=I
51060 NEXT
51070 IFIM=N THENIM=IX
51080 AA$=LA$ (N) :LA$ (N)=LA$ (IX) :
LA$ (IX)=AA$:N=N-1
51090 AA$=LA$(S) :LA$(S)=LA$(IM) :
LA$(IM)=AA$:S=S+1
51100 IFN>S THEN51020
51110 FORI=lTOZ:PRINTLA$ (I) ;»*";
: NEXT
51120 END
Listing 2: SPEEDUP
5j3j3jZJl POKE65497 / 0 'HIGH SPEED
5j26j31 POKE65496,j3:POKE65494,^:SO
UND128 , 2j3 : SOUND12 8 , 2J3 1 RESETTING
TO NORMAL SPEED
NO
98 THE RAINBOW March 1986
rware®'s Quality Hardware
Computerware® is a trademark of Computerware.
1*
MWJionoctirome Monitors^
lf| 20 mhz band width, 800 lint :
resolution, and 80x25 display insure
Jiifef^^ure. The non-glare screen
IW| streamlined style is also attrac-
tive PlUiir-it has audio input!
^-••.^e^||^;'Ai#r 12" $109.95
^ - ; plus $10 shipping
g| ONLY $195!!! '
SAKATA Color Monitor ^ J§
Beautiful 13" color display"^
with 280 x 300 line resolution.
Includes composite video color
and audio. S195
Put a Monitor on Your CoCo
with
The New Universal Video Plus
Disk Systems
Includes controller, DOS manual, cabinet,
$oMi|&upply, half-size double density
drive, and all cables. Please specify
RSDOS or JDOS. Add $-10 for the new J &
M switchable controller with printer port
and J0OS. For both operating system$,
add $25 for the HDS switchable controller
or add $40 for the dual DOS J & M
switchable controller with printer port.
Single drive, Single sided $279.00
Single drive, Double sided $309.00
Dual drives, Single sided $389.00
Dual drives, Double sided $439.00
Adding On
Each includes half-sized drive in cabinet
with extender.
Single drive, Single sided $169.00
Single drive, Double sided $199.00
Controllers
J&M controller w/JDOS or RSDOS $127.95
HDS controller w/RSDOS or JDOS $127.95
J&M controller w/JDOS
& printer port $137.95
HDS controller w/RSDOS & JDOS $154,95
J&M switchable controller
w/JDOS&RSDOS
and printer port $169.95
We would like you to look at our old Video Plus IIU with new eyes. We now call it
the Universal Video Plus & would dare you to compare it with any other video
interface. We feel confident that you will see that it is the best product & the best
buy in CoCo monitor drivers ever!
Sure, at first glance you will notice that it costs a little more. But look further & see
how much more you get! The bottom line is that the Universal Video Plus is the
best bargain available. Here are the important features to consider & compare.
• The Universal Video Plus works with every CoCo made Easy-to-follow, clear
instructions are included for every model.
• All cables (audio & video) are included. There is no need to buy extenders or
extra cables as required by other drivers. With this consideration, the Universal
Video Plus is now the most cost effective video interface of all.
• Heavy duty construction, evidenced by sturdy leads & connectors, allows the
necessary handling for installation without fear of breakage.
• Shielded audio & video cables insure that no extra RF interference will be
introduced from the Universal Video Plus, unlike other interfaces.
• The adjustment pot on the Universal Video Plus makes it easy to optimize the
video signal for each computer. You don't have to modify your computer to get
good display!
• Our advanced design gives the highest quality display— better than any other
device offered!
• Installation is easy. There is no soldering & no dismantling of the RF shield.
• Thousands of Universal Video Plus' are in use throughout the U.S. Clearly the
test of time has proven its reliability.
• The Universal Video Plus is backed by the Computerware reputation for
excellence & service.
Universal Video Plus $34.95
also available, , while
lie supplies last...
$24.95 Video Plus IIC $34.95
Video Plus I
Interfaces the original model of Color
Computer to any composite video
monitor (color or monochrome)
IIC $34.95
Interfaces the Color Computer II
(model 26-3026) with either a color or
monochrome composite video moni-
tor. Computer must have video chip
in socket.
Call or Write to:
#|*k Head Ctssrilng Kit
I Supplies
^pak $ 8.95
ID pak $14.95
$ 9.95
$19.95
Joystick
6 Outlet Surge Protector
Rfdttsct ^iiUf investment and organ-
ize all those cords with this handy
power strip. The surge protecto r
filters power spikes from damaging
your valuable equipment. Reg. $24.95
Box 668 • Encinitas, CA • 92024
$19.95
v ■ ' ^
". ■■'.;' ! '.:i.>* : ''
T
I
I
!
I Name _
) Address
j City
Yes! Send me your FREE catalog! CoCo
VISA MasterCard
Card # Exp.
| Signature
I
I
-i&fite
State.
Zip.
WICO Joystick Adapter
Video Clear
from Computer Assoc. $16.95
Connects between the computer & TV
to reduce interference from the
^ computer. ;
COMPUTERWARE (619) 436-3512 I
I
I
I
I
t
I
I
I
I
I
I
j 2% for orders over $100 Shipping* I
Air or Canada — $5 minimum. TOTAL L i J
5% for orders over $100
^Checks are delayed for bank clearance !j
Item
Format
Price
Shipping: 6% Calif. Sales Tax
Surface — $2 minimum. COD Add $5
2% for orders over $100 Shipping*
Air or Canada — $5 minimum. TOTAL
Now from Falsoft, The RAINBOW MAKER, comes . . .
The monthly magazine that's reader-friendly
If you're interested in the highly popular Model 100, the Tandy 200, the brand new portable Tandy
600 or Tandy's new generation of MS-DOS computers — the 1000, 1200, 2000, or the exciting new
Tandy 3000 — PCM is for you!
PCM, The Personal Computer Magazine for Tandy Computer Users, is brought to you by the same
people who bring you THE RAINBOW, the premier magazine for the Color Computer. Need we say more?
So, if you're ready to add portability or step up to MS-DOS, stay with Tandy and THE RAINBOW family
by subscribing to PCM!
FREE PROGRAMS!
We learned from THE RAINBOW that readers want programs to type in , so each month we bring you
an assortment of them, including games, utilities, business applications and graphics.
BAR CODE, TOO!
Also, PCM is the only computer publication in the world (that we know of) that brings you programs
in barcode, ready to scan into memory with the sweep of a wand !
TUTORIALS GALORE
Add to this our regular tutorials on telecommunicating, hardware and machine language, as well
as BASIC programming tips and product reviews, and we think you'll find we're one of the most
informative and fun magazines on the market today.
So if you're ready to add portability or step up to MS-DOS, stay with Tandy and THE RAINBOW family
through PCM.
YES! Please send me a one year (12 issues)
subscription to PCM for only $28/ A savings of 22%
off the newsstand price.
Name
Address
City
State
ZIP
In order to hold down costs, we do not bill.
□ My check in the amount of
Charge to my: VISA, I (MasterCard
Acct. #
is enclosed.
□ American Express
Expiration Date.
Signature .
*Canadian subscribers add U.S. $7. Surface rate elsewhere $85. Allow 5 to 6 weeks for first copy. Kentucky residents add 5% sales tax.
U.S. currency only, please.
Mail to: PCM, The Falsoft Building, P.O. Box 385, Prospect, KY 40059
PROGRAMMING UTILITY
32K
ECB
f the )
RAINBOW
J • - • • V
Put your program up in lights . . .
By Chuck Poynter
You just wrote a new computer program that will set the
world on fire— but something is missing. Do your title
and menu screens lack pizazz? If that is what you need,
then Marquee should help.
Listing 1 pokes a machine code program into memory that
draws and moves a border around the screen. This is actually
an illusion. What really happens is the graphics characters are
changed back and forth, and it appears to be moving. The 150
in Line 50 is the yellow graphics character you start with. It
changes to 153 during the program, then changes back to 150.
To get the following colors, change 150 to one of the following
numbers: red, 182; buff, 198; cyan, 214; orange, 246; blue, 166;
and magenta, 230. You can use any character code from zero
to 252. Try these and see the effects.
There is a title and menu screen in the program starting at
Line 170. Start your program here and include exec 32000 when
you want to call the program. The ENTER, T, '2' and '3' keys
return to to the BASIC program. If you need mpr<? than three
items in your menu, just break it into two menu screens.
Listing 2 is the source code for the machine language program.
This is included so you can see how the program works. Both
Chuck Poynter is a retired member of the United States Air Force who
is presently attending college where he is taking computer programming
courses. He lives in Hector, Arkansas.
March 1 986 THE RAINBOW
101
programs are well-documented so they don't need
extensive explanation.
(You may contact the author of these programs with
any questions you have at Box 116, Hector, AR 72843,
phone 501-284-2383. When writing, please include an
SASE for a reply.) ^-s. □
130 .
END
117
201
Listing 1: MARQUEE
5 REM* CAN BE PLACED ANY WHERE IN
RAM CHANGE 32000 TO ANY RAM
LOCATION ADD 90 TO IT FOR THE
SECOND NUMBER
10 FOR 1=32000 TO 32090
20 READ X
30 POKE I,X
40 NEXT I
45 REM* CHANGE THE 150 IN LINE 50
TO ANY CHARACTER CODE YOU WANT
50 DATA 198, 150, 247, 125, 89,
173, 159, 160
60 DATA 0, 129, 13, 39, 57, 129,
49, 39
70 DATA 53, 129, 50, 39, 49, 129
, 51, 39
80 DATA 45, 142, 4, 0, 231, 128,
TCTTMX AN SOFTT'WA
- - 32K ECB PROGRAMS - -
TEACHER PAK PLUS Includes Teacher Pak and CoCo
Testem described below $47.95
COCO TESTEM Make multiple choice, matching,
true/false, completion, and short answer
tests. Requires printer with underline
ability. Works with tape or disk $19,95
COCO-LIFE II The living patterns game $19.95
- - 1GK ECB PROGRAMS - -
HOME WARE New! Give your CoCo real power at
home. Printer preferred. Works with tape
or disk. Five modules:
CALENDAR Draw calendars. Various formats.
SAVINGS/LOANS Powerful calculating tool.
DIRECTORY Phone numbers, addresses, etc.
INVENTORY For insurance, hobbies, business.
HOME-WRITER Finally! Easy word processing.
Sinale modules. . .$19.95 Whole set... $49. 95
TEACHER PAK Weighted & regular grading, seating
charts, alphabetizing, statistical analysis.
4 programs. Works with tape or disk . t . $34 . 95
TIME MASTER Rainbow review 12/85 $19.95
COCO GARDENER Discover computerized garden
planning. Printer preferred $19.95
PERPETULIFE Checkers & Life mixed $19.95
GRAPHIC PHYSICS Rainbow review 9/85 $19.95
COCO ECHO ML Rainbow review 10/85 $9.95
All programs sold on tape. Send check or money
order (no cash - Pa. residents add 67. ) to:
rainbow
UK
Tothian Software
Box 663
Rimersburg. Pa. 16248
RAINBOW
CtfttiflCAPiON
All of these programs carry the Rainbow Seal.
140, 4
90 DATA 33, 38, 249, 142, 5, 223
, 231, 128
100 DATA 140, 6, 0, 38, 249, 142
, 4, 63
110 DATA 231, 128, 231, 128, 48,
136, .30, 140
120 DATA 5, 223, 38, 244, 241, 1
25, 89, 39
130 DATA 8, 241, 125, 90, 39, 11
, 151, 135
140 DATA 57, 203, 3, 247, 125, 9
0, 126, 125
150 DATA 5, 192, 3, 247, 125, 89
, 126, 125
160 DATA 5, 18, 18, 255, 0, 255,
0, 255
170 CLS 4
180 REM* PUT YOUR TITLE PAGE HERE
190 POKE 359,57:SCREEN0,1
200 PRINT § 10 6," YOUR TITLE";
210 PRINT@168,"BY";CHR$(191) ; "WH
0";CHR$(191) ; "DONE" ; CHR$ ( 191) ;"I
T" ;
220 PRINT© 4 52, "PRESS <ENTER> TO
CONTINUE" ;
230 EXEC32000
240 CLS 5
250 REM* PUT YOU MENU HERE
260 PRINT@70,STRING$(19,32) ;
270 PRINT@70+32, " (1) MENU ITEM O
NE " ;
280 PRINT@70+64, " (2) MENU ITEM T
WO " ;
290 PRINT@70+96, 11 (3) MENU ITEM T
HREE";
300 PRINT@70+128,STRING$(19,32) ;
310 EXEC32000
320 POKE359,126:SCREEN0,1
330 REM* CHANGE GOTO TO YOUR LINE
NUMBERS
340 IF PEEK(135)=49 THEN GOTO 39
0
350 IF PEEK (13 5) =50 THEN GOTO 41
360 IF PEEK(135)=51 THEN GOTO 43
0
370 IF PEEK(135)=13 THEN GOTO 31
0
380 REM* YOUR PROGRAM STARTS HERE
390 CLS:PRINT"YOU HAVE SELECTED
MENU ITEM (1) ";
400 END
410 CLS:PRINT"YOU HAVE SELECTED
MENU ITEM (2) 11 ;
420 END
430 CLS:PRINT"YOU HAVE SELECTED
MENU ITEM ( 3 ) 11 ;
440 END
102
THE RAINBOW March 1986
Listing 2:
7DjJjJ
00100
ORG
$7D00
CAN BE ANY WHERE IN RAM
7D00
* r r
C6
96
00110
LDB
#150
LOAD BORDER CODE
7D02
F7
7D59
00120
STB
STORE
STORE BORDER CODE IN RAM
7D05
AD
9F
00130
START
JSR
[$A000]
CHECK KEYBOARD
7D09
81
0D
00140
CMPA
#13
IS ENTER KEY PRESSED
7D0B
f A* 9* U
27
aw f
39
00150
BEQ
END
IF SO RETURN TO BASIC PROGRAM
7D0D
# ev^ *^
81
31
00160
CMPA
#49
IS THE 1 KEY PRESSED
7D0F
27
35
00170
BEQ
END
IF SO RETURN TO BASIC
7D11
81
32
00180
CMPA
#50
IS 2 KEY PRESSED
7D13
27
31
00190
BEQ
END
IF SO RETURN TO BASIC
7D15
81
33
00200
CMPA
#51
IS 3 KEY PRESSED
7D17
27
2D
00210
BEQ
END
IF SO RETURN TO BASIC
7D19
8E
0400
00220
LDX
#$400
LOAD START OF SCREEN
7D1C
■ ar «Oa>
E7
(MOT •
80
00230
DRAW1
STB
,x+
STORE CHARACTER ON SCREEN
7D1E
8C
0421
00240
CMPX
#$421
COMPARE FIRST LINE PLUS 1
7D21
w m& e» tmm
26
F9
00250
BNE
DRAW1
IF NOT EQUAL DO MORE
7D23
8E
05DF
00260
LDX
#$5DF
FIRST CHARACTER BOTTOM LINE
7D26
E7
80
00270
DRAW2
STB
,x+
STORE CHARACTER
7D28
8C
0600
00280
CMPX
#$600
END OF TEXT SCREEN
7D2B
26
F9
00290
BNE
DRAW2
IF NOT END CONTINUE
7D2D
8E
043F
00300
LDX
#$43F
LAST CHARACTER SECOND LINE
7D30
f ****
E7
80
00310
DRAW3
STB
,X+
STORE CHARACTER
7D32
E7
80
00320
STB
,x+
ONE MORE
7D34
30
88 IE
00330
LEAX
30, X
ADD 30 TO SCREEN POSITION
7D37
8C
05DF
00340
CMPX
#$5DF .
LAST POSITION LINE 15
7D3A
26
F4
00350
BNE
DRAW3 ,
DO UNTILL EQUAL
7D3C
Fl
7D59
00360
CMPB
STORE
IS CHARACTER SAME AS ONE IN RAM
7D3F
27
08
00370
BEQ
CHR1
IF EQUAL GET NEW CHARACTER
7D41
Fl
7D5A
00380
CMPB
STORE+1
IS CHR SAME AS ONE IN RAM
7D44
27
0B
00390
BEQ
CHR2
IF EQUAL GET NEW CHR
7D46
97
87
00400
END
STA
135
STORE KEY PRESSED IN RAM
7D48
39
00410
RTS
RETURN TO BASIC PROGRAM
7D49
CB
03
00420
CHR1
ADDB
#3
CHANGE CHR BY +3
7D4B
F7
7D5A
00430
STB
STORE+1
STORE NEW CHR IN RAM
7D4E
7E
7D05
00440
JMP
START
START OVER
7D51
C0
03
00450
CHR2
SUBB
#3
SUBTRACT 3 FROM CHR
7D53
F7
7D59
00460
STB
STORE
STORE NEW CHR IN RAM
7D56
7E
7D05
00470
JMP
START
START OVER
7D59
12
00480
STORE
NOP
CHR STORAGE AREA 1
7D5A
12
0000
00490
00500
NOP
END
CHR STORAGE AREA 2
00000 TOTAL ERRORS <?\ \
EXPAND YOUR COCO!
ADO FEATURES FROM THE LARGER COMPUTERS!
DISK OWNERS
Up to 4 operating systems, or
2 DOS'S and your best programs
in ana chip. Goes InsJda
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See You at
RAINBOWfest-Chicago
May 23-25
s
March 1986 THE RAINBOW 103
A FIRST FOR TANDY — Tandy
Corporation reported sales exceeding
half a billion dollars for the month of
December. In addition they reported
the corporation's first billion dollar
quarter. December's 22 percent sales
gains were the result of great demand
for high quality computers and other
electronics products to put under the
Christmas tree. In addition to other
items sold, the Color Computer found
its way into many homes this Christ-
mas.
* * *
HD BREAKTHROUGH — Tom Ro-
ginski has announced OWL- WARE'S
introduction of Winchester BASIC.
This modification of Disk Extended
BASIC allows the user to access a hard
drive of virtually any size immediately
upon power-up. File size is limited only
by the size of the drive. Although it adds
power to OS-9, knowledge of OS-9 is
not a requirement for operating the
system. All files written to the hard
drive are easily accessible from BASIC or
OS-9. All BASIC and most ML pro-
grams will run on this drive using
Winchester BASIC. The modification is
designed for use with the L.R. Tech
interface, but OWL- WARE will provide
customized versions if required. The
price for Winchester BASIC is $50 with
the purchase of a drive system. Hard
drive systems start at $495 for five meg.
For more information or to order,
contact OWL- WARE, P.O. Box 116-
D, Mertztown, PA 19539.
* * *
PREPARE FOR THE DERBY —
Software Exchange has announced its
new three-program package for all
horse racing fans. The Enhanced Rac-
ing Handicapped Program Package
contains software for thoroughbred,
harness, and bet return analysis on disk
or cassette. It is available for the CoCo
for $49.95. Write to Software Ex-
change, 2681 Peterboro Rd., P. O. Box
5382, W. Bloomfield, MI 48033.
* * *
PHONE LINE BLUES? — R.K. Burt-
chaell Co. is now carrying a new pro-
duct designed to allow private commun-
ications. The Hy-Tek Exclude-A-Phone
offers modem isolation. If your compu-
ter is online and someone picks up an
extension telephone, their phone will be
dead. They won't hear anything and
neither will your computer. Call (800)
342-5752 or write to R.K. Burtchaell
Co., 516 S.E. Morrison, Suite 201,
Portland, OR 97214.
30C
MONSTERS? — Monster Cable has
announced a new line of computer
cables. The DataSafe™ Series consists
of 10 quality cables developed to con-
nect all popular computers to printers
and modems. Suggested retail prices
will range from $40 to $60. For cables
for your Color Computer, write to
Monster Cable, 101 Townsend St., San
Francisco, CA 94107.
* * *
BUSINESS — Programmed Press an-
nounced its new 1.3 version of invest-
ment and statistical software. This is
available in the form of a 220-page book
which contains 50 BASIC programs for
several business applications. The price
for The Computer-Assisted Investment
Handbook, is $19.95. Contact Pro-
grammed Press, 2301 Baylis Ave., El-
mont, NY 11003, (516) 775-0933.
* * *
QUIETER DAISYWHEEL — C. Itoh
has introduced a new 136-column, 40
cps daisy wheel printer. The D 10-40 is
claimed to have an acoustic noise level
of less than 60dB. It features three
character pitches, compatibility with all
Diablo printwheels, 8-bit parallel and
RS-232C serial interfaces, and an 8K
data buffer standard. Suggested retail is
$949 which includes the C. Itoh one-
year warranty. Options include an auto
sheet feeder and a tractor feed mecha-
nism. Contact C Itoh Digital Products,
Inc., 19750 South Vermont Ave., Suite
220, Torrance, CA 90502, (800) 423-
0300.
* * *
KODAK DISKS — Eastman Kodak
Company has a new line of single- and
double-sided diskettes. The 300-
oersted, 5-14-inch disks are available in
double- and quad-density formats for
most applications. They can be found in
packs of two, five and 10.
9fc 3^1 3§C
NEW CATALOG — The new Radio
Shack computer catalog is now availa-
ble in Radio Shack stores. Two new
Color Computer items in this catalog
are the DC Modem Program Pak and
a hard disk interface. The modem runs
at 300-Baud and is capable of originate
and answer modes. Retail price for the
modem is $89.95. The hard disk inter-
face is designed for use with primary
drives. It requires 64K, Multi-Pak
Interface, floppy disk and OS-9 version
2.0 or later. It is available for $129.95.
Both the modem and interface can be
found at Radio Shack stores nation-
wide.
STORAGE — The Media Mate 5 XL
Plus™, a locking disk file capable of
storing 100 5-V4 inch diskettes was
recently introduced by Amaray Interna-
tional Corporation. The unit holds
disks at a 30-degree angle for easy
reading and it is stackable. It is available
through retailers nationwide for $29.95.
Also available is the MediaPack 4. This
product includes four color-coded disk
cases capable of holding 10 disks each.
The individual units may be locked
together to form a large diskette library.
The price for the MediaPack 4 is $16.95.
For more information contact Mark
Dill, Amaray International Corpora-
tion, 14935 N.E. 95th Street, Redmond,
WA 98052-2508, (206) 881-1000.
3|C 9|C
BUFF WHO? — Computer Friends has
announced the Mac Master universal
buffer and printer controller. Memory
options are 64K, 256K and one meg and
the prices range from $299 to $750. The
buffer can be used to store any informa-
tion to be sent to peripherals while the
controller feature can store up to 99
strings, which can be recalled from the
front panel keyboard. Write to Compu-
ter Friends, 6415 SW Canyon Ct. t
Portland, OR 97221, or call (800) 547-
3303.
* * *
1 04 THE RAINBOW March 1 986
A CHIP OFF THE OLD...
Joystick, Serial or Cassette plug .$4.99
6821 Standard PIA $9.95
6822 Industrial Grade PIA ....... .$14.95
6847 VDG Chip $19.95
6809E CPU Chip (NEW LOW PRICE) ...$19.95
Basic ROM 1.2 Chip (30Z FASTER) ..$19.95
68769 (Fits Disk Basic Skt) Eprom.$19.95
Disk ROM 1.1 (New DOS Command) ..$29.95
New SAM Chip w/heatsink (74LS785). $29. 95
Ext Basic 1.1 ROM - NEW LOW PRICE. $29. 95
Tandy 1000 128K RAM Upgrade Kit ..$39.95
Eprom Eraser - 3 min erasure time. $49.95
Model 100 8K Upgrade - ( SAVE $70). $49.95
CoCo First Aid Kit - includes 2 PIAs,
6809E & SAM (Be Prepared!!!) ....$59.95
64K CoCo II - w7NEW keyboard $149.95
Eprom Prgmr ( 2ms speed/2K - 16K ).$149.95
COCO LIBRARY...
The CoCo Chronicles /1980-1985 $7.95
CoCo Memory Map ...$14.95
Basic Programming Tricks Revealed. $14. 95
The FACTS - Inside "guts" of CoCo. $16. 95
500 Pokes, Peeks 'N Execs $16.95
Basic 09 Tour Guide $1 9. 95
Uti 1 ity Routines - Top Pgm Secrets . $19. 95
Rainbow Book / Tape of Simulations .$19.95
Color Basic Unraveled ........ .wi. $19.95
Extended Basic Unraveled ,$19.95
Disk Basic (1.0/1.1) Unraveled ...$19.95
New! CoCo II Service Manual * .....$24.95
SECOND Book & Tape of Adventures .$29.95
The Comp 1 ete Rainbow Guide to 0S9.$19.95
W/Two Disk Package of demo pgms ..$49.95
C olor / Extended / Di sk Basic Unraveled -
Complete 3 Book Set - Save $10! ..$49.95
MORE GOOD STUFF...
CoCo Light Pen - ;J2+rft5: Save $5!.. $19. 95
Compu tjze "Y" Box - More positive
connections than a "Y" Cable .....$29.95
Colorware Real Talker 1 (CoCo I) .$59.95
Colorware Real Talker 2 (CoCo II). $64.95
Super Voice - SC-02 Synthesizer ..$79.95
PBJ WORD-PAK Hi-Res 80x24 disply $129.95
* - Specify CoCo II Catalogue Number
All orders plus $3.00 S/H (Foreign $5.00)
COO add $2.00 extra
NYS Residents add Sales Tali
COCO CABLES AND...
Printer / Modem 15' Extender Cable .$14.95
Tired of unpl ugging devices from your
RS232 port? Try a RS232 "Y" Cable . $19. 95
Disk Drive Cable (34pin - 34pin) .$19.95
Modem Cable * 6ft (DB25-DB25) $19.95
Null Modem Cable - 4 pin to DB25 .$24.95
D isk Interface/Rom Pak Extender - Move
your disks & ROM Paks (3 feet) ..$24.95
40 Pin Dual "Y" Cab le m Hook up a Disk
w/Voice, Word Pak, CoCo Max , etc ..$29.95
Triple RS232 Switcher ** Now select one
of any three RS232 peripherals ...$39.95
D ELUXE RS232 Switcher - Dual switcher
with 3 female DB-25 jacks ....... .$59.95
_40 Pin Triple 1l Y n ~Cabl_e - Hook up any 3-
Voice7Word/RS232/Digitizer PAKs ..$39.95
Finally ! 24" Multi-Pak Extender ..$44.95
OTHER GOOD STUFF...
C-1 0 tapes in any quantity .....49 cents
5 1/4" Diskettes, any quantity .99 cents
0S-9 Quick Reference Guide .$3.95
6809E Quick Reference Guide v. $3.95
32K f 64K or 128K RAM Button ..$4.99
Blank Amdek 3" Disks ............. $4. 99
Rompak w/Blank PC Brd-27xx series .$9.95
CoCo Keybd Adapter - Conver: 26-3016 &
277-1019 keybds to D/E CoCo's! ..$14.95
Video Clear - This cable wil l reduce TV
interference created by CoCo! ....$19.95
The Magic Box ~ Load Mod I/I II Basic
program tapes into the CoCo . ... ..$24.95
DOS Switcher - Select from any two DOSs
"flHsk 1.0 1.1, JD0S) in J&M ctlr .$24.95
256K RAM Chips (Set of 8) .......$39.95
EARS -CoCo's first Voice Recognition unit
w/95% accuracy & 64 Voice Prints ! $99.95
Master Key II w/Ext Cable ... $109.95
Amdek Twin 3" D rvs w/controller .$249.95
SPECTRUM PROJECTS
PO BOX 21272
93-15 86TH DRIVE
WOODHAVEIM NY 11421
COD ORDER HOT LINE
71 S-441 -2807
SPECTRUM PROJECTS
SOFT AND HARD WARES FOR
COLORFUL COMPUTING
COMMUNICATION
COLORCOM/E - A complete smar
terminal package! Upload,
Download, Hi-Res (51X24)
screen, 300/1200 Baud, Offline
Printing. 32/64K Disk* - $39.95
* - Now with CoCo Sig & TBBS
XMODEM support! Download ML!
COMPUSERVE 5hr Start Kit $39.95
MODEMS
MINI-MODEM - Direct connect,
300 Baud, Orig/Answer- $39.95**
J -CAT Modem - Lowest priced
auto/ answer modem - $119.95
HAYES SM300 - " Pro R rammabl e "
auto-dial /auto answer-$169. 95**
Hayes"CL0NE"1200 Baud-$1 99. 95**
** - Add $12.95 for Modem Cable
KEYBOARDS
WORD PROCESSING
IILEWRITER-64 - Three Hi -Res
screens, true lowercase char's
right justify, full screen
editor. Tape $49.95 Disk $59.95
TELEPATCH - A TW-64 enhancer ! ! !
True bjock move, Qvers tri ke &
T SPOOL mode, Type Ahead Buffer
FASTER Disk I/O 64K Disk $19.95
PRINTERS
GEMINI SG-K) - 120 cps w/true
descenders, 2K buffer, tract-
frict feed, Near Let ;er Quality
mode, 1 Yr. warranty - $239.95
BriteFace -The first I NTELLIGENT
Parallel Ptr Interface for CoCo
Auto set Baud rates from 600 to
9600/NO switches to turn $59.95
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HJL-57 - Save $7.00 !! - $72.95
HJL NumberJack Keypad - $79.95
-Specify Model /Revision Board-
CoCo Keybd Software - Finally!
An ENHANCED Function Key Pgm! 4
most wanted features: 9600 Baud
Poke, Text Screen Dump, Line
Listing & Cold Start-DSK $14.95
MONITORS
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MONOCHROME Monitors - CRISP
80x24 Hi-Res screens! $99.95
Univ ersa l Video Driver - Works
w 7a!1 monitors & CoCos!- $29.95
Monitor Stand - Sw ivels 360°,
Tilts Up or Down 12.5°!! $24.95
TAXAN Tuner-Receive TV c hannel s
on any composite monitor $99.95
Monitor Stand $24.95
SAVE $10
OFF COLORCOM/E WITH A HAYES MODEM
OFF TELEWRITER-64 WITH ANY PRINTER,
KEYBOARD OR MONITOR
SAVE $10
COD ORDER HOT LINE - CALL 718-441-2807
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SPREADSHEET
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Screen 32X16 51X24
Precision 9 digits 16 digits
Hi-Res Graphics NO YES
Visicalc cmd format NO YES
New low price! 64K Disk $69.95
Si_de">lj^ -Print DVNACALC files
up to" Z55 chars-s1de*ays!$24.95
DISK DRIVES
ATA BASE MANAGER
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PRO-COLOR FILE 2.0 - 60* Data
Fids, 8 Report Fmts, 4 Screen
Fmts, 1020 bytes/record, Sort 3
Fields, Global Search, FAST ML
Sort, Create Files Compatibl e
w/DYNACALC! - Disk $49.95
Pro Col or Di_r and PCF Forms -
Buy r em both" for only $29.95
DRIVE 0 System* - SS/DD, 6ms,
40 Tracks, Half Height .$199.95
DRIVE 0 & 1 System* - $299.95
Disk Drive 1, 2 or 3 - $119.95
Power Supply & Case - $59.95
Bare 1/2 Height Drive - $79.95
Dbl Sided Drv 0 System* $239.95
* PLUS: controller-manual-cable
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"1
GAME CONTROLLERS
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Wi^co Command Adapte r - Now you
can hookup 2 Atari type joystks
to your CoCo for only $19.95!
Joysti ck7 Mouse 10' Ext Cable -
Great for CoCoMax users! $19.95
DELUXE Joystick - 360 Degree
control with center return or
analog positioning - $39.95
DISK SOFTWARE
**
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Color FORTH
EZ Base (Database) ..
Graphicom
Graph i com Part II
Greeting Cd Designer
Blackjack Royale ....
Spect'm Adv Generator
HARDC0PY(Specify PTR)
.$24.95
.$24.95
.$24.95
.$24.95
.$24.95
.$24.95
$29.95
$29.95
COCO II UPGRADES
Want to upgrade your new $88
CoCo II? ( See below ! ! )
4464 DRAMs - two chip 64K
upgrade for 26-3134A and 26-
3134B CoCo IPs $39.95
Extended BASIC - 28 pin ROM for
26-3134 A7BT7 $34.95
Buy 'em BOTH for only - $69.95
DISK SOFTWARE * *
SPECTRUM PROJECTS, Inc.
PO BOX 21272
93-15 86th DRIVE
WOODHAVEN NY 11421
All orders plus $3.00 S/H (Foreign $5.00) - COD add $2.00 extra - NYS Residents add Sales Tax
Buy any 2 - Save 10%
Buy any 3 - Save 15%
Buy any 4 - Save 20%
FREE - Send for our
CoCo catalog flier 11 1
Dealer inquiries invited I
GAME
nvasion of the
Flying Saucer
People
By Allen B. Carlisle
Kyou like fast action games that
challenge your reflexes and of-
fer different skill levels, you
will like Saucer, The scenario goes
something like this: You are on a des-
olate planet, and while safe from attack
from the dreaded Saucer people from
within your base camp (lower right-
hand corner of the graphics screen), you
must venture out to get the supply
boxes, which are present at the lower
left-hand corner of the graphics screen.
The moment you venture out, or your
robot ventures out (for those who abhor
violence), a saucer enters the scene and
randomly flies around shooting its laser
beam at you. If you are hit, another
man, or robot, exits the base and heads
for the needed supplies. Each player
gets four men per round.
Allen Carlisle teaches math at Airline
High School in Bossier City, Louisiana.
He has a bachelor 's degree and a mas-
ter's in math from Texas Tech, He lives
in Shreveport, Louisiana,
You are not left without defense,
however, as you can shoot back by
skillful use of the right joystick. Of
course, the firebutton activates your
laser gun, but aiming it takes a few
attempts to master. Each time you
succeed in knocking out a saucer, 100
points are scored. Aiming your gun
involves watching a blinking cursor at
the uppermost horizontal part of the
screen or the far left vertical position of
the graphics screen. Your ray fires at
that cursor position as you press the
button. Movement to the right of the
joystick causes the cursor to appear at
the top, while movement to the left
moves the cursor to the left vertical part
of the screen. Up on the joystick causes
the cursor to move up the screen if it is
at the left vertical position, and to the
left if it is at the upper horizontal
position. Of course, down performs the
opposite movements.
When I decided to write Saucer, I
knew the main mathematical task
would be to obtain the formula that
calculates the coordinates of the point
on a line (laser ray) that is on the
segment perpendicular to some other
point off the line (center of the saucer).
After having looked in all my analytical
geometry texts, I found nothing that
would give me what I needed, so I took
some time to derive the formulae I
needed. Line 1090 of this program is
what gives the coordinates of this point
(LX,LY), where (A,B) and (C,D) are
two points of the laser beam shot at the
saucer and (X,Y) is the coordinate of the
center of the saucer. The actual distance
is calculated in Line 1100.
Variable QED is the test variable for
this distance, which is larger for the
lower skill level so that at skill level one,
the beam does not necessarily have to
touch the saucer in order to score a hit,
but must be very close.
I invite inquiries concerning any
aspect of this game. I have yet to score
the 1,000 points obtained by success-
fully returning a supply box to base (but
I got pretty close once). Write and let
me know if you do or are able to do this
at the higher skill levels. My address is
3533 San Augustine, Shreveport, LA
71105. I would like to hear from you.
Good luck knocking those nasty Saucer
people from the sky! □
108
THE RAINBOW March 1986
\0r 250 32 970 .154
I 380 182 1110 112
610 74 END 254
770 138
I
The listing: SAUCER
lj3 REM SAUCER *****************
2J3 REM (C) ALLEN B. CARLISLE 198
5****
30 REM ALL RIGHTS RESERVED******
*
40 *****************************
50 i ****************************
60 REM INITIALIZE GAME
70 CLS:PCLEAR4:POKE65495 / )3
8)3 DIMA$(4) :DIMA(4) : INPUT "NUMBER
OF PLAYERS" ; ZZ
9)3 FOR PL=1 TO ZZ : CLS : INPUT" ENTE
R NAMES" ;A$ (PL) : NEXT: CLS: PL=1
100 INPUT"SKILL LEVEL ( 1-5 ) ";L
11) 3 IF L<1 OR L>5 THEN 1)3)3 ELSE
L=ABS (INT (L) )
12) 3 IF L=l THEN 13)3 ELSE 14)3
130 DIS=0:QED=17:GOTO250
14)3 IF L=2 THEN 15)3 ELSE 16)3
150 DIS=1:QED=15:GOTO250
160 IF L=3 THEN 170 ELSE 180
170 DIS=3:QED=13:GOTO250
180 IF L=4 THEN 190 ELSE 200
190 DIS=3:QED=10:GOTO250
200 DIS=3:QED=8:GOTO250
210 IF PL>ZZ THEN PL=1
220 A(PL)=A(PL)+SCR
230 IF MEN=0 THEN PL=PL+1
240 IF MEN=0 THEN GOTO1170 ELSE
RETURN
250 REM DRAW SAUCER & GET IT
2 60 PMODE4 , 1 : U=2 14 : SCREEN1 , 1 : PCL
S0:MEN=8
270 Hl=20 :H2=44 : Vl=7 : V2=7 : V3=7 : V
4=7 : FL=-1 : BOX=0 : M=92
280 FOR 1=1 TO 4: LINE (H1,V3) - (H
2,V4) ,PSET:LINE(H1,V1)-(H2,V2) ,P
SET
290 H1=H1+1:H2=H2-1:V1=V1-1:V2=V
2-1 : V3=V3+1 : V4=V4+1 : PSET (31,2) : P
SET(32,2) .-NEXT
300 DIMS(12,26) :GET(19,1)-(45,13
) ,S,G: LINE (19,1) -(45, 13) , PRESET,
BF
310 REM DRAW &GET ROBOT
320 DRAW"BM217,180R3D1L3R2D6L1U3
LI ; B ; U1L2U1 ; B ? D9R1U1 ; B ; R1U2 ; B ; R3
D1;B;R1;B;D1D1L1"
330 DIMR(11,8) :GET(214,180) -(222
,191) ,R,G
340 REM DRAW BASE
350 LINE(240, 164)-(255, 191) , PSET
,BF: LINE (228 ,176) -(244,191) ,PSET
, BF
3 60 FOR 1=168 TO 184 STEP 8 : LINE
(248,1) -(251,1+3) , PRE SET,BF: NEXT
370 LINE(232,184)-(235,187) ,PRES
ET,BF: LINE (240, 184) -(243, 187) , PR
ESET, BF
380 REM DRAW SUPPLY BOXES
390 FOR 1=0 TO 88 STEP 8
400 LINE(I, 180)-(I+3, 191) , PSET, B
: NEXT: SCREEN 1,1
410 REM ENTER SAUCER
420 FOR 1=0 TO 128 STEP 8
430 W=20
440 PUT(I,20)-(I+26,32) , S , PSET
450 LINE(I, 20) -(1+26,32) , PRESET,
BF
460 ABR=RND ( 9 ) : IF ABR=2 THEN 480
ELSENEXT
470 GOTO 490
480 GOTO 510
490 I=128:PUT(I,W)-(I+26,W+12) ,S
,PSET:GOTO510
500 REM MOVE SAUCER
510 Q1=RND(0):IF QK.5 THEN A=-l
ELSE A=l
520 Q2=RND(0):IF Q2<.5 THEN B=-l
ELSE B=1:H=RND(6) :V=RND(6)
530 H=H*A:V=V*B:L=RND(20)
540 FOR E=l TO L
550 IF I>226 THEN 630
560 IF W>140 THEN 630
570 IF I<0 THEN 630
580 IF W<0 THEN 630
590 PUT(I,W) -(1+26, W+12) ,S, PSET:
X=I : Y=W
600 GOSUB 640
610 LINE ( I, W) -(1+2 6, W+12) , PRESET
, BF : I=I+H : W=W+V
620 NEXT:GOTO630
630 PUT(X,Y)-(X+26,Y+12) ,S,PSET:
GOSUB780:FOR DLY=1 TO 2:SOUND216
,l:SOUND226,l:GOSUB 820:NEXT:I=X
: W=Y : GOSUB8 60 : GOT05 10
March 1986 THE RAINBOW 109
«><N> COLORFUL UTILITIES
COCO CHECKER*
Something possibly wrong : with your CoCo??? CoCo CHECKER" <s the answer! ! Will test your ROMs,
RAM s , Disk Drives & Controller, Printer, Keyboard, Cassette, Joysticks, Sound, PIAs, VDG, Internal
Clock Speed, Multt-Pak Interface and morel! 16K TAPE/DISK $19.95 (see Jan '85 Rainbow Review)
MULTI-PAK CRAK
Save ROMPAKs to your 64K Disk system using the RS Multi-Pak Interface. Eliminate constant
plugging i n of ROMPAKs now by" keep ing all your PAK software on disk . Includes POKEs for
PROBLE M" ROMPAKs, (Down land, Megabug, Micro Painter, Stellar Lifeline, etc..) 64K DISK $24.95
format & backup a disk irk only J_ PASS (up to 23 grans) <& make up to A copies in 2 minutes !
The must utility for every multiple Drive owner. 32K DISK $14.95 (see May'85 Rainbow Review)
SPIT IM IMAGE
A super upgrade from Disk Omni Clone! Back everything up! This amazmg program handles "non
standard" disks with ease. We haven't found any disk yet that it can't handle. Don't ever be caught
without a backup again! Lowest price too! Beats most " copy protection" programs! 32K DISK $29.95
CDCO SCREEN DUMP
The best screen dump program for the Panasonic , Epson & Gemini printers ever! Have the option of
standard or reverse images w/regular or double sized proportional pictures. 600- d to^f!^ A
must for Graphicom and Bjork Block users. 16K TAPE/DISK $19.95 (see Nov '84 Rambow Review)
OISK UTILITY 2.1*
A m ulti-featured tool for USER FRIENDLY disk handling. Utilize a directory window to selectively
sort, move, rename and kill file entries. Lightning fast Disk I/O for format, copy and backup.
Examine contents of files, the Granule Table, plus the size, load addresses and entry points of all
programs. Single command execution of both Basic and ML programs. 32K/64K DISK $24.95 "Disk
Utility has proven itself very quickly at my house" - Ed Ellers Oct '84 Rainbow Review pc. 220
SPECTRUM FONT GENERATOR
Now you can write files using any CoCo Word Processor (Telewriter-64, VIP Writer, etc.) and convert
them to special Highly Detailed character sets ! Some of the character sets supported are Italics ,
Old English , Futuristic and Block. A character set editor is included to create custom sets or
modify existing ones! Supports most dot-matrix printers! DISK $29.95 (see Dec f 85 Rainbow Review)
SPECTRUM DOS
Add 24 NEW Disk commands with 2 Hi-Res screens! Supports 4(3 track & Double-Sided drives, 6 ms
stepping, auto disk search, error trapping & " EPRO M ABLE ". 64K DISK ;$4$MKSC New LOW price!! $24,95
SCHEMATIC CRAFTING PROCESSOR
Save time and design pro looking diagrams using a 480X540 pixel worksheet w/6 viewing windows.
Over 30 electronic symbols w/10 definable symbols. (Even Logic gates & Multipin chips!) Print hard
copy and save to disk. 64K DISK New LOW price!!! $29,95 (see Jan '84 Rainbow Review)
asic+ provides (23) of the most used BASIC cmds w/one keystroke plus scrolling & editing
w/single key! Also included is a 32 character typahead BUFFERED keybd w /auto key & repeat plus
a 32K Print Spooler!! And all that appears on the screen can be echoed to the ptr! 64K DISK $29,95
COCO CHECKBOOK
Use your CoCo to keep track of your checking and savings accounts! Printout individual personal
checks! 32K/64K TAPE $29.95 DISK $39.95 (see April'85 pg. 210 & Oct'85 pg. 197 Rainbow Reviews)
* NOW AVAILABLE BY E
YOUR LOCAL RADIO
ORDER AT
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BUY AIM Y a PROGRAMS
GET THE FIFTH FREE !*
j l>
* — No other discounts can be applied
DISK UTILITY
DEMAND TO £
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111
CFC#Q919)
COLORFUL UTILITIES <$h$x$>
COCO TEXT UTIL
Includes utilities that most CoCo word processors (TW-64, VIP Writer, etc.) leave out! Reset margins
to correct length for uploading , convert all UPPER CAS £ text to mixed up per /lower, display
BYTE: count, EASY rename & kill functions plus read or print ANY disk file! DISK $19.95
COCO VIDEO TITLE
Start your VCR tapes with dazzling title frames followed by professional countdown to black fade-
outs! Use a title page editor with several sizes of text & background colors! 16K TAPE $19.95
PENPAL
It's here! CoCo's answer to 1 - 2 ~ 3 ! PENPAL co mbines Word Processing, Communications, bra
Data Base & Spread -Sheet into a single integrated software package! 64K DISK INTRO PRICE $69.95
64K DISK UTILITY PACKAGE
Take a d vantage of "an - expanded 64 K machine. Make an add itionai 8K of RAM available by relocating
the Ext Basic ROM from $8000 to $D800. Copy ROMPAKS to disk (even "protected" PAKS) and create
a 32K SPOOL buffer for printing. DISK $21.95 (see July '83 Rainbow Review)
TAPE/OISK UTILITY
A powe r f u I package that transfers tape to disk an d disk to tape automatically. Does c.n automat
copy of an entire disk of programs to tape. Ideal for Rainbow On Tape to disk. Also copies tape
tape & prints tape & disk directories. TAPE/DISK $24.95 (see Sept '83 Rainbow Review)
Save and load cassette files at twice the speed! Now you can run tape and printer I/O operations;
in the: high speed mode without a locked up system or I/O ERRORS! Works great with the pop^l^j:
T e I e w r i t er - 64 wo rd proces s or tape by Cognitec. "If you are tired of waiting for those long tapes to
load, I strongly recommend that you buy this fine utility." TAPE $21.95 July '83 Rainbow
COCO CALENDAR
o rganized for '86 TODAY wit h the CoCo Calendar! Designed for recording the entire year's
occassions and daily appointments so you can plan ahead. You can store HUNDREDS of entries and
our GRAPHIC Calendar will show the DAYS that have all the MEMOS! 32/64K DISK $24.95
THE QS-9 SOLUTION
a program that creates a USER FRIENDLY " environment within OS-9! The OS-9 SOLUTION
replaces 19 of the old " USER HOSTILE " commands with single keystroke, menu driven commands. No
more typing in complex long pathnames or remembering complicated syntaxes! Set all XMODE
parameters at the touch of keys! Requires OS-9 ver.01.0K00 $39.95 (see Sept '85 Rainbow Review)
COCO-UTIL
>w you can have the power to easily transfer Radio Shack Color Computer disk files to your
tvIS -DOS machine - including the Tandy 1000 & IBM PCM! You can also transfer MS-DOS files to your
CoCo disk, even format CoCo disks! CoCo-Util will save you countless hours of retyping! No need to
move your computer or printer anymore! Requires 128K MS-DOS computer w/2 disk drives - $29.95
SOFTWARE BONANZA PACKAGE
Create an instant library of Spectrum Projects TOP Colorful Utility software. Select any 10 programs
to customize your own SPECTACULAR SOFTWARE BONANZA! CoCo Checker, Mufti* "
S c reen Dump, Dl sk Utility 2.1 , Spectrum Font Generator, Tape/Disk Utility, Fast Dupe
Drafting Processor, OS-9 Solution, 64K Disk Utility or Basic* (a $250 plus value) for
I, Schematic
$119.95!!
640 REM MOVE ROBOT
650 GOSUB860
660 IF FL>0 THEN 700
670 LINE (U , 180 ) - (U+8 , 19 1 ) , PRESET
,BF:U=U-1:PUT(U,180) -(U+8,191) ,R
,PSET
680 IF M=U THEN 690 ELSE RETURN
690 FL=FL*-l:BOX=BOX+l:IF BOX=l
THEN 750 ELSE U=U-8
700 IF U<0 THEN U=0
710 LINE(U / 180)-(U+13,191) , PRESE
T,BF:PUT(U,180) -(U+13,191) ,B,PSE
T:U=U+1
720 IF U=215 THEN 730 ELSE RETUR
N
730 LINE (U, 180) -(U+13,191) , PRESE
T , BF : FL=FL*-1 : U=2 14 : PUT (U , 180 ) - (
U+13,191) ,R,PSET
740 M=M-8:SCR=1000:GOSUB210:IF M
<4 THEN 1250 ELSE RETURN
750 REM GET ROBOT & BOX
760 DIMB(11,13) :GET(87,180) -(100
,191) ,B,G:U=87:GOTO 700
770 REM SHOOT LASER BEAM
780 XX=X+13:L=U+4:R1=RND(5) :R2=R
ND(5) :R3=RND(5) :R=R1+R2+R3
790 IF L-9+R<0 THEN R=9
800 LINE(XX,Y)-(L-8+R,191) ,PSET:
FOR DLY=1 TO 40: NEXT
810 LINE(XX,Y) -(L-8+R,191) , PRESE
T : RETURN
820 IF ABS(R-8)<=DIS THEN 830 EL
SE RETURN
830 LINE(U, 180) -(U+8, 191) , PRESET
,BF:MEN=MEN-1
840 SCR=0
850 U=214 : FL=-1 : GOSUB210 : RETURN
860 REM ROBOT SHOOTS ■
870 K=PEEK(65280) :IF K=126 OR K=
254 THEN 1020
880 J0=JOYSTK(0) : Jl=JOYSTK(l)
890
IF
900
IF
UN+5
910
IF
UN+2
920
IF
UN
930
IF
UN- 2
940
IF
N-5
950
IF
N-8
960
IF
970
IF
980
IF
990 LINE (0, UN) -(4,UN+4) ,PSET,BF
:LINE(0,UN)-(4,UN+4) , PRESET, BF:R
ETURN
1000 IF UN>254 THEN UN=254
1010 LINE(UN,0)-(UN+4,4) ,PSET,BF
: LINE (UN , 0 ) - (UN+4 , 4 ) , PRESET , BF : R
ETURN
1020 IF J0>32 THEN 1050 .
1030 A=0:B=UN:C=U:D=180
1040 LINE (0, UN) -(U, 180) ,PSET:FOR
DLY=1T02 : SOUND2 16 , 1 : SOUND2 26,1:
NEXT: GOSUB1070 : LINE (0 ,UN) - (U, 180
) , PRESET : RETURN
1050 LINE (UN,0) -(U, 180) ,PSET:A=U
N:B=0:C=U:D=180
1060 F0RDLY=1T02 : SOUND 2 16,1: SOUN
D226, 1: NEXT: GOSUB1070: LINE (UN, 0)
- (U , 180 ) , PRESET : RETURN
1070 REM CHECK IF SAUCER HIT
1080 X=X+13:Y=Y+6
1090 LX=(X*(C-A) A 2+A*(D-B) A 2+(D-
B) * (C-A) * (Y-B) )/ ( (D-B) A 2+ (C-A) A 2
) : LY= (B* (C-A) A 2+Y* (B-D) A 2+ (B-D) *
(C-A)*(A-X) )/( (D-B) A 2+(C-A) A 2)
1100 IF SQR ( (LY-Y) A 2+ (LX-X) A 2 ) <=
QED THEN 1120
1110 X=X-13:Y=Y-6:F0RDLY=1T0X:AB
R=RND ( 0 ) : NEXT: RETURN
1120 REM SAUCER HIT
1130 LINE(I,W) -(1+26, W+12) , PRESE
T , BF : FORDLY=1TO20 : SOUND200 , 1 : RH=
RND(26) :RV=RND(12) : PSET ( I+RH , W+R
V) : NEXT : X=X-13 : Y=Y-6
1140 LINE ( I, W) -(1+2 6, W+12) , PRESE
T, BF
1150 IF J0>32 THEN LINE (UN ,0 ) - (U
,180) , PRESETELSELINE (0 ,UN) - (U, 18
0) , PRESET
1160 SCR=100:GOSUB210:GOTO410
1170 CLS:FORK=l TO ZZ : PRINT© ( 64+
K*64) ,A$(K) ;" »S SCORE= ";A(K):NE
XT
1180 PRINT© 3 8 4, "TO END GAME PRES
S 'E'": PRINT© 3 5 2, "NEXT ROUND PRE
SS 'N'"
1190 B$=INKEY$:IF B$="E"THEN12 60
ELSE IFB$="N"THEN1220ELSEIFFLAG=
1THENRETURNELS E 1 1 90
1200 IF FLAG= 1THENRETURN
1210 CLS
1220 IF PL>ZZ THEN PL=1
1230 PRINT@230,"R E A D Y ";A$(P
L) ; : FORDLY=lTO 5000: NEXT
1240 LINE (X,Y)-(X+2 6, Y+12 ), PRESE
T , BF : SCREEN1 , 1 : MEN=8 : GOT04 10
1250 CLS:PRINT@103,"G A M E 0 V
E R !!!!": NEXT : FOR DLY=1 TO 150
00 : NEXT : FLAG=1 : GOSUB1170
1260 POKE113,0:EXEC40999 /R\
112 THE RAINBOW March 1986
SPECTRM
STRIKES
BACK
- CoCo Legends Collection - Bob "Whiffle" Rosen
256K/512K RAM UPGRADES
FOR COCO II ARE HERE !
lint
2S6K
STRIKE I - RAM I
Easy installation,
software and
tech information!
(NOT available for CoCo ll's)
OS-9
DRIVER
$24.95
The first 256K memory Bd for the CoCo!
Load four 32K pgms at once, emulate a
40trk RAMDISK, 60K Print Spooler, FAST
access, 30+ Hi-Res screens in memory!!
$99.95 (see Sept '85 Rainbow Review)
DOUBLE RAM - Upgrades a THUNDER RAM from 256K to
512K giving TWO independent RAM Disks! $79.95
COCO MAXE
STRIKE 3 - A HIT!
Feature packed hardware & software
Graphics System! Includes: PulhDown
Menus, Icon processing, multiple Font
styles, full graphic editing plus a special
Input Module for 256x192 joystick input
64K DISK $79.95
Requires MulthPak or Y-Cable ($29.95)
CoCo Max I - II Disk Upgrade - $19.95
CoCo Max (TAPE) $69.95 Digitizer $149.95
STRIKE 2 - DOS!
EPROM Programmer
^ $59.95 ^
Uses 2764 ($6.95)
or 27128 ($14.95)
EPROMS ! (Requires Super Controller)
The most AMAZING CoCo Disk Controller
ever! Switch up to 4 DOS's (up to 16K)
via a single software POKE! Choose
between R/S 1.0/1.1, Spectrum DOS,
ADOS, JDOS, Stearman DOS - $99.95
DISPLAY 80 - 80 column display, RTC,
& Ptr port. (Req. Super Controller) $99.95
R/S DOS $19.95 and/ or Spectrum DOS $29.95
(27128 EPROM) with purchase of Super Controller
SUPER RAM - A 256K/512K memory RAM
DISK for CoCo ll's ! ! Requires Radio Shack
Multi-Pak. Write for more information !
SPECTRUM PROJECTS, INC.
PO BOX 21272
93-15 86TH DRIVE
WOODHAVENNY 11421
Shipping $3.00 (Foreign $5,001
COD $2 extra - NY Res add tax
COD Order Line 718-441-2807
\J3" Pi
»v,«'iv--' J ft
mmmmfflmMmmmmmmm
Rick Hebert
Wizard
A portrait of a wizard busily
enchanting garners second prize for
Rick, who lives in Crowley, Louisiana.
He used Graphicom I & II to give
the gallery a glimpse of augury.
i A
1st
p
I
z
E
Robbie Elam
Mount Olympus
The month of Mars (March)
presents a gallery of mythology and
magic as it opens with Robbie's
depiction of the home of the gods in
ancient Greece. Robbie used a
"homemade graphics editor" and
lives Panama City Beach, Florida.
P
R
I
Z
E
Chris $teeves
Dragon
A snarling dragon ogles patrons of
the gallery courtesy of Chris who
lives in Fredericton, New Brunswick.
Using Graphicom, Chris created a
rapacious reptile for our third prize
winner.
114
THE RAINBOW March 1986
Charlie Fulp
Minotaur's Kingdom
Using CoCo Max, Charlie gifts the
gallery with the sweeping grandeur of
the Minotaur's Kingdom. Charlie
lives in South Boston, Virginia.
H
Send your entry on either tape or disk
to:
CoCo Gallery
THE ftMNfcOW
P.O. Box 385
Prospect, KY 40059
Attn: Monica Dorth
o
bo
E
Andrew Bartels
Tower
Andrew submitted this majestic
tower standing unguarded in
unknown realms. Andrew lives in
Sulphur, Oklahoma, and used a
graphics program he wrote.
8°
m
Sam Gladstone
Excalibur
No self-respecting gallery of myths
could close without a depiction of
King Arthur's gift from the Lady of the
Lake. Sam used Extended basic to
.create this legendary sword.
SHOWCASE YOUR BEST!
You are invited to nominate original work for
inclusion in upcoming showings of "CoCo Gallery."
Share your creations with the CoCo Community!
Be sure to send a cover letter with your name,
address and phone number, detailing how you created
your picture (what programs you used, etc.) and how
to display it. Also, please include a few facts about
yourself.
Don't send us anything owned by someone else; this
means no game screens, digitized images from TV
programs or material that's already been submitted
elsewhere.
We will award a first prize of $25, a second prize of
$15 and a third prize of $10. Honorable mentions will
also be given.
Monica Dorth, Curator
March 1986 THE RAINBOW 115
64K of Garbage
By Ed Ellers
Rainbow Technical Writer
• I am having trouble upgrading my CoCo
2 to 64 K. The problem is in getting the
computer to recognize the additional mem-
ory. Before making the connection at Wl,
the computer works fine as a 16K system.
After making this connection, a line of
garbage characters is displayed on the
screen.
Paul Masline
Wilton, CT
There is probably a defect in one or more
of your new chips that affects some memory
locations above the 16K boundary. With Wl
open, your CoCo doesn't try to look for any
more than 16K.
Programming in Stages
• Is it possible to type in part of a program,
save it on cassette and then finish the job
later?
Neil Edge
Williston, FL
Sure. There's nothing wrong with this
procedure. In fact, it's a good idea to stop
once in a while.
Ed Ellers, a RAINBOW and PCM staff
member, is a self-confessed electronics
fanatic whose other interests include
science fiction.
CoCoScope
• I would like to know how to transform my
CoCo into a digital oscilloscope.
A Quebec Reader
Actually this isn't too far-fetched. Several
scopes made by Tektronix, Hewlett-Packard
and others actually digitize the incoming
signal and display the wave form on the
CRT as a bit-image graphics display. HP
also has a system that hooks up to an IBM
PC to do this, as does at least one other firm.
To do this on the CoCo, you need an analog-
to-digital converter circuit to accept the
signal you want to look at; then it's a matter
of writing a program to read the A-to-D
converter output and display it.
Disk Drive Transplant
• / currently have two Tandon single-sided
drives and a power supply that were re-
moved from an IBM PC. Can these drives
be used with the Color Computer? If so,
what disk drive controller is best?
Leon Donbrowski
Ripon, Wl
The drives you mention will work fine
with the CoCo using any of the standard
disk controllers on the market. You might
want to look at the IBM PC Hardware
Reference Manual to find out how to set up
the jumpers on these drives.
Single vs. Double
• / don't know much about disk drives. I
would like to know if a double-sided drive
can be used with both single- and double-
sided diskettes.
Bret Boyer
Marion, NC
You can use single-sided diskettes in place
of double-sided ones, but since the "other"
side of the disks has not been tested it may
have some flaws.
Fast64K
• In the all- RAM mode (64 K), can you still
use the speed-up POKE (POKE 65495, 0J?
Also, how do you know whether you have
the old or new Korean CoCo 2?
Gregory Hill
Chicago, IL
Yes, you can speed up your computer's
operation in the all-RAM mode — if your
CoCo can accept the speed-up POKE at all.
Actually, there are three different versions
of the CoCo 2 that have been nradein Korea.
The "old" one had a model number such as
26-3134 without a letter on the end; this has
eight RAM chips. The "new" version had the
letter *A' on the end of the model number;
116
THE RAINBOW
March 1986
1
it uses two four-bit RAM chips and you
would need 64K-by-four RAMs, such as
4464 or uPD41254, to upgrade it to 64K.
The current model, the *B' version, is called
Tandy instead of Radio Shack; this one uses
two four-bit RAM chips and has a new video
generator chip that provides both upper-
and lowercase displays on the text screen.
CAT Connections
• / am trying to interface a Novation CA T
modem to my CoCo. My problem is there
are too many wires on the modem side.
Would I also connect Pin 5 (clear to send)
and Pin 6 (data set ready) to the CoCo's
carrier detect input, or would I just leave
these unhooked as unneeded items?
Richard S. Nordell
Reeds, MO
Since the CoCo's Serial I/O jack has only
three active lines (transmit, receive and
carrier detect), terminal programs for the
CoCo are written to use only these three and
there's no problem with leaving the others
disconnected. In fact, although it's good
practice to go ahead and connect the carrier
detect line (Pin 8 on the modem), many
terminal programs don't use it either.
Key Bounce
• I'm having a problem with the '5' key on
my CoCo. I have a nice keyboard, but this
key repeats two or three times when pressed.
As you can tell, this creates an aggravating
problem when entering programs. Would
you please explain the problem?
Mike Wells
Chesterton, IN
IVe noticed some minor "key bounce"
problems with the newer CoCo keyboards
myself. Almost all key switches tend to
bounce a bit, and because of this, a delay is
used to make sure the extra pulses are
ignored. Apparently the CoCo's key bounce
delay, which was set for the original "chiclet"
keyboard, may be just a bit short for the
newer keyboards.
More on Touch-Up Paint
• Regarding touch-up paint for the oV gray
CoCo: We don't have a Mercedes dealer
where I live, but I found a touch-up paint
that seems to match quite well. It is Dupli-
Color's DS-GM-224, Silver (for 1975-76
Chevrolets, etc.).
Jerold Krempel
Chenango Bridge, NY
Thanks for the information, Jerold.
Delphi Downloading
• In November of 1985 I signed up with
Delphi and joined the CoCo SIG. I tried to
download the machine language files of
Mikey term 4.0, but I don 't know how to save
it to disk using the Autoterm program.
Joseph Zak
Parma, OH
The machine language files on Delphi
should be downloaded using an XMODEM
terminal program such as Mikeyterm, Color
Connection III or Colorcom/ E Version 3. In
the case of Mikeyterm, just skip the first
With a 300-ohm
antenna input you're
most likely picking
up garbage through
the short wire from
the antenna screws
to the VHF tuner
inside the set . • .
your best bet is to
use a good outdoor
TV antenna with a
coaxial cable lead-
in.
machine language file and download the
other files. Run the four basic loader
programs (MTERM1, MTERM2,
MTERM3 and MTERM4) in order, and
you'll be able to save the Mikeyterm pro-
gram to tape or disk.
Making Book
• / would like to know how to get the Delphi
Handbook and Command Card. The adver-
tisement says I can order it online, but how
do I go about it?
Brandon Rhodes
Andover, MA
If you haven't already signed up for
Delphi, when you do so you'll be asked
whether you want to buy the Handbook,
Command Card and three hours of connect
time atot a special price. If you're already
using Delphi, just send a mail message to
SERVICE to order the Handbook and
Command Card. Either way, the cost ap-
pears on your Delphi bill. You may also
phone in an order to Delphi's toll-free line:
(800) 544-4005.
Also, youll find a special edition of the
Delphi Command Card in the February
1986 rainbow on pages 89 and 90.
RFI Revisited
From Delphi Forum
• I have a problem with RFI from my
CoCo 2 (not Korean)- fifter running
coax from the CoCo directly to my TV's
VHF antenna terminals (replaced box
uith matcher) and grounding the
matcher to TV chassis, I have elim-
inated 50 percent of my interfer-
ence. However, I still have vertical
interference lines, distinct and
about four lines per inch. When using
the CoCo, the TV in the next room also
shows this interference pattern. My
TV is a brand new 13-incher, which has
only a 300-ohm twin-lead connection.
Any suggestions?
Would a monitor eliminate my RFI
problem (as a last resort)? If so,
what is the difference between an
"RGB" and a "composite color" moni-
tor? I believe a TV is about 320
lines. If so, does CoCo have the
ability to use a monitor uith higher
resolution? Say 500 or 800 lines?
Dennis Lytle
(Delphi username: DENNISGEORGEJ
Saginaw, MI
Actually, youVe done about all you can
do with that TV set. On my own TV (a 19-
inch RCA ColorTrak), which has a 75-ohm
coaxial antenna input, the path from the
CoCo to the TV is fully shielded and I get
a very nice picture. With a 300-ohm antenna
input you're most likely picking up garbage
through the short wire from the antenna
screws to the VHF tuner inside the set.
To clear up the interference on the other
set, your best bet is to use a good outdoor
TV antenna with a coaxial cable lead-in.
The Federal Communications Commis-
sion has a pamphlet, called "How to Identify
and Resolve Radio-TV Interference Prob-
lems," that might be helpful to you. Write
to: U.S. Government Printing Office, Wash-
ington, DC 20402, and ask for Stock
Number 004-000-00345-4.
Your technical questions are welcomed.
Please address them to: Earth to Ed, the
rainbow, P.O. Box 385, Prospect, KY
40059. We reserve the right to publish only
questions of general interest and to edit for
space and clarity.
Your technical questions may also be sent
to us through the MAIL section of our new
Delphi CoCo SIG. From the CoCo SIG>
prompt, pick DELPHI MAIL, then type
SEND and address to: EDELLERS.
March 1 986 THE RAINBOW 117
TH€
SAILOR
MAN
TAPE $29.95
DISK $34.95
GAMCS
Requires 64K Machine Language
The first screen objective is to catch enough of Elsie's kisses (those Red Heart
Shaped Things) to fill in the squares on the Sailorman's house. If you can time
your punch just so, you can send the punching bag over to knock the bucket down
and, with a little bit of luck, right on Blgfatbadguy's head. This will give you a
little (but not much) time to catch all those RHSTs.
You must avoid contact with Bigfatbadguy who is actively pursuing you. You
must also be careful of Olduglyseawoman who will appear at higher difficulty
levels to chuck empties at you. Either avoid the fly-
ing bottles or punch them (with the fire button) to
keep from being knocked into the water.
The second screen objective is to collect enough
notes to play Elsie a little love song. You may jump
off and onto the other end of Fatguyeatlngnam-
burger's teetertotter to fly up a deck and even two
decks if you manage to catch hold of Smartaleck-
kid'a grab handles. Time it right and away you go.
The Third screen objective is to collect enough let-
ters (thrown by Elsie's cries for H-E-L-P) to complete
a ladder ail the way to the crow's nest where Elsie
is calling you. Beware of the Crow, however, who
thinks you are after her eggs!
On all screens, eating a can of collard greens
(labeled "S" for Collard and grasped by punching
the can just right) will give you amazing speed,
strength and ability and allow you to send Bigfat-
badguy into the drink with a single punch.
€DUCATIONfll
a #1 & ■# FACTPACK is a set of 3 programs designed for home
pflf PHC K or scno °l use - The programs provide drill and
■ ■ ^ ■ ■ ■ ■ ^ ■ ■ practice with basic addition, subtraction, multi-
plication and division facts and are appropriate in grades 1-6. Each program requires a 32K
Extended BASIC Color Computer. Disk drive and printer are optional.
Requires 32 K Ext. Basic Tape '24.95 Disk '29.95
DISK ONLY
64K Req.
DRAGON
SLflVCR
0
Save the villagers of Pendor! They
live in fear of Icarus, the blood
thirsty dragon. The dragon lives in
a cave, way up in the mountains.
The cave is a treasure chest, full
of gems and cashbags. The trail to
the cave is as menacing as Icarus
himself. Outstanding graphics
throughout. 160 screens of exciting
action packed arcade excitement.
T€HCH€R'S DATABASE II
Teachers' Database (TDB) is a program designed to allow a teacher to keep a computerized
file of information about his/her students.
The program requires a 64K Color Computer and at least one disk drive. This completely
revised program includes all of the capabilities of the original TDB plus many new features.
• Information on as many as 100 students, or more, may be in the computer at one time.
• Each student may have as many as 20, or more, individual items of data in his/her record.
• The program has many easy to follow- menus.
• Records may be easily changed, deleted, or combined.
• Information about students may be numerical or text.
• Records may be quickly alphabetized or reordered based on their contents.
• Records may be sored by various criteria.
• A full statistical analysis of scores may be done and sent to the printer.
• Student test scores may be weighted, averaged, changed to a percentage or changed
to a letter grade.
• Individual student progress reports and class gradebook sheets may be printed.
• Three methods of data entry spped the task of typing in student grades and test results.
• The program may be easily customized to work with any printer.
• Student seating charts may be created and printed.
• Graphs of student test results may be created using the computer's high resolution graphic
screen.
• Grade distribution can be displayed numerically or as a histogram.
64K TDBII $59.95 • 32K TDB Version - DISK $42.95 TAPE $39.95
32K
Disk $29.95 vocnBumnv managcmcnt
THE KING
Tape $26.95
SR-71
Tape 28.95
DRACONIAN
Tape S27.95
MS. MAZE
Tape $24.95
32K
Disk $29.95
32K
Disk $31.95
32K
Disk $30.95
32K
Disk $27.95
FROG
Tape $27.95
FANGMAN
Tape $24.95
16K
Disk $30.95
16K
Disk $27.95
KATER PILLAR II 16K
Tape $24.95 Disk $27.95
Requires 16K Ext. Basic or 32K for printer output.
The Vocabulary Management System (VMS) is a series of programs designed to aid a parent
or teacher in helping children to learn and practice using vocabulary and spelling words. The
11 programs that comprise the VMS include a full feature data entry/edit program, three printer
output programs and 5 vocabulary/spelling game programs. The system's many outstanding
features include:
• As many as 300 vocabulary words and definitions may be in the computer's memory at
one time.
• Words and definitions may be saved on disk or tape.
• Remarks and/or comments can be saved with word files.
• A disk loading menu allows students to load disk files without typing file names.
Word lists may be quickly alphabetized.
UTIUTICS
WAREHOUSE MUTANTS 16K. The three printer segments allow you to create and print individualized tests, puzzles,
Tape $24.95 $Disk $27.95 word-searches and worksheets.
• The printer segments allow full use of your printer's special features.
^ • The 5 game programs are based on sound educational principles and provide practice
— ~ j n identifying words and matching them with their definitions in a fast-paced set of activities.
TAPE 339.95 DISK 942.95
NOW! You can own the tools we've used to create "Donkey King",
"Sailor Man", and others.
We are proud to announce our new utilities for the 64K Disk Color
Computer, featuring
• Full use of 64K RAM • 100% Machine Language
• Parameters easily changeable in basic loader • No ROM calls
• "Cold start" exit to basic • Easy-to-read, informative documentation
• Keyklik • Selectable drive stepping rate
• Support 1-4 drives • Easy to use, with menu selected functions
To make life with your disks easier, may we suggest . . .
MAS — the finest assembler ever written for the
Color Computer (includes EDT) $74.95
Disk
EDT — effortless full (51x24) screen editing w/2 way cursor. Disk commands
allow easy save/backup/append. Text files to 48K+. Copy, save, move, delete
or print blocks. Much more • $39.95
Disk
The Deputy Inspector — Alphabetize, re-sort, and backup directory; fast
3-swap backups, copy files or programs to same or other disks, can auto-
reallocate granules during backup for faster loading, and more. . .$21.95
Disk
The Sector Inspector — Alphabetize, backup, and printout directory; repair
crashes, LLIST basic programs, name disks, read in and edit 23+ grans, 3-swap
backups, and more. Has 16-page manual and gran
table print program . $29.95
Disk
FRACTIONS - ft Three Program Package
1.
2.
3.
4.
MIXED & IMPROPER
Review converting mixed numerals and improper fractions.
Practice converting mixed numerals to improper fractions.
Practice converting improper fractions to mixed numerals.
Practice of both types. (Mixed to improper & improper to mixed)
5. Review converting mixed numerals to mixed numerals. (Used in regrouping in substraction).
6. Practice converting mixed numerals to mixed numerals.
EQUIVALENCE
1. Definitions of terms and review of finding equivalent fractions.
2. Practice finding equivalent fractions.
3. Practice finding sets of equivalent fractions.
4. Review of dinding if one fraction is equal to, not equal to, less than or greater than another.
LOWEST TERMS
1. Review of placing fractions into lowest terms by dinding the greatest comon factor (GCF)
of the numerator and denominator.
Practice finding the GCF of pairs of numbers.
Practice placing fractions into lowest terms by finding the GCF of the numerator and
denominator.
32K EXT BASIC TAPE 830.95 DISK 835.95
2.
3.
MATH DU€L
MATH DUEL is a challenging mathematics game that pits you against the computer in a game
of wits. You must use all of your knowledge of factors, multiples and prime numbers to develop
a strategy that allows you tog ather more numbers and thus more points than the computer.
The game is deceptively simple, you select the size of the playing field that is composed of
from 8 to 100 numbers. You must then choose numbers that will give you the maximum number
of points and the computer the least number of points. There are only 6 rules.
32K EXT. BASIC TAPE'24.95 DISK "29.95
SIMULATIONS
P51
Mustang
Attack Flight Simulator
Experience the ultimate video experience.
fagLjP F° r the f' rst tjme ever » tw0 computers can be
linked together with action and re-action at
tf^ at either location, or play alone. The P-51 Mustang
■o^a/ was the attack workhorse during WWII. To experience
\kP° the flight of this beautiful plane in actual combat situation
^ will give many hours of excitement. You can test your skill
against the computer to defend your position or try your hand
competing against your opponent at any remote location.
Two CoCo's can be linked by cable for TRUE two-player adventure.
With the use of a modem you can test your skill across town or across
country!! (Each individual needs a copy of the program.) This program is
another first from Tom Mix Software. Order your excitement today. Direct cable
available separately for using two computers at the same location.
32K Machine Language Tape $29.95 Disk $34.95 Cable $10.95
World's of Flight is the best out-
the-window simulation available
for the CoCo". Dr. Scott L.
Norman, Hot CoCo, Dec. 1984.
Worlds of Flight (WOF) is a machine language, real-lime flight simulation (of a sophisicated ultra-light aircraft). The program
is available on DISK but was specifically designed to bring unprecedented detail and power to CASSETTE systems. WOF
generates panoramic 3-D views of ground features as the pilot flies within one of nine different "worlds Instrument
flight capability has been provided along with some aerobatic performance. The simulation models over 35 different
aircraft and flight performance parameters including winds and cloud ceilings. Sound effects have been faithfully
reproduced to provide an even greater sense of realism. A 25 page light manual explains the instrument panel, the basis
of flight control, instrumen! navigation and even walks the pilot through a take off / landing sequence about the airport.
Complete with charts bound in an attractive binder, the entire WOF package challenges you to find a more advanced flight simula-
tion for any computer. . .You simply can't! If you are a serious simulation buff this one is for you!
JOYSTICKS REQUIRED
32K MACHINE LANGUAGE
TAPE $29.95
DISK $34.95
"APPROACH
CONTROL
SIMULATION
From Betasoft Systems
"Caught in a blinding snowstorm, two jet airliners are on a collision
course The pilots are completely unaware of the imminent danger. Hun-
dreds of lives are at stake, A high-speed disaster is inevitable unless
you act fast. . ."
This and many other exciting scenarios await you as "Air Traffic Con-
troller" with the APPROACH CONTROL SIMULATION. The thrills,
challenges and frustrations you'll experience with this authentic, real-
time simulation will lead to countless hours of discovery and adventure.
★ ★ A Complete Simulation Package * *
• Software on Disk or Tape • Comprehensive Manual
• Quick Reference Guide • No Joysticks Required
32K MACHINE LANGUAGE TAPE $29.95 DISK $34.95
TOM MIX SOFTWARE
4285 BRADFORD N.E.
GRAND RAPIDS, Ml 49506
ADD $3.00 POSTAGE & HANDLING»TOP ROYALTIES PAID*
•MICHIGAN RESIDENTS ADD 4% SALES TAX*
WE HAVE MORE SOFTWARE AVAILABLE THAN LI STED.
WRITE FOR OUR FREE CATALOGUE. HBH
VISA'
TO ORDER CALL 616/957-0444
How To Read Rainbow
Please note that all the basic program
listings in the rainbow are formatted for
a 32-character screen — so they show
up just as they do on your CoCo screen.
One easy way to check on the accuracy
of your typing is to compare what char-
acter "goes under" what. If the charac-
ters match — and your line endings
come out the same — you have a pretty
good way of knowing that your typing is
accurate.
We also have "key boxes" to show you
the minimum system a program needs.
But, do read the text before you start
typing.
Finally, the little cassette symbol on
the table of contents and at the begin-
ning of articles indicates that the pro-
gram is available through our rainbow
on tape service. An order form for this
service is on the insert card bound in the
magazine.
What's A CoCo
CoCo is an affectionate name that was
first given to the Tandy Color Computer
by its many fans, users and owners.
However, when we use the term
CoCo, we refer to both the Tandy Color
Computer and the TDP System-100
Computer. It is easier than using both of
the "given" names throughout the rain-
bow.
In most cases, when a specific com-
puter is mentioned, the application is for
that specific computer. However, since
the TDP System-100 and Tandy Color
are, for all purposes, the same computer
in a different case, these terms are
almost always interchangeable.
Thp Rainbow Check Plus
The small box accompanying a pro-
gram listing in the rainbow is a "check
sum" system, which is designed to help
you type in programs accurately.
Rainbow Check PLUS counts the
number and values of characters you
type in. You can then compare the
number you get to those printed in the
rainbow. On longer programs, some
benchmark lines are given. When you
reach the end of one of those lines with
your typing, simply check to see if the
numbers match.
To use Rainbow Check PLUS, type in
the program and CSfiVE it for later use,
then type in the command run and press
enter. Once the program has run, type
new and press enter to remove it from
the area where the program you're typ-
ing in will go.
Now, while keying in a listing from the
rainbow, whenever you press the down-
arrow key, your CoCo gives the check
sum based on the length and content of
the program in memory. This is to check
against the numbers printed in the
rainbow. If your number is different,
check the listing carefully to be sure you
typed in the correct basic program code.
For more details on this helpful utility,
refer to H. Allen Curtis' article on Page
21 of the February 1984 rainbow.
Since Rainbow Check PLUS counts
spaces and punctuation, be sure to type
in the listing exactly the way it's given in
the magazine.
10 CLS:X=25G*PEEK(35)+17B
20 CLEAR 25,X-1
30 X=25G*PEEI< (35)+17B
40 FDR Z=X TO X+77
50 READ Y:W=W+Y:PRINT Z,Y;W
G0 POKE Z,Y:NEXT
70 IFU=79B5THENB0ELSEPRINT
"DATA ERR0R":5T0P
B0 EXEC X:END
90 DATA 182, 1, 10G, 1G7, 140, G0, 134
100 DATA 12G, 1B3, 1, 10G, 190, 1, 107
110 DATA 175, 140, 50, 48, 140, 4, 191
120 DATA 1, 107, 57, 129, 10, 3B, 3B
130 DATA 52, 22, 79, 15B, 25, 230, 129
140 DATA 39, 12, 171, 128, 171, 128
150 DATA 230, 132, 38, 250, 48, 1, 32
1G0 DATA 240, 1B3, 2, 222, 48, 140, 14
170 DATA 159, 1GG, 1GG, 132, 2B, 254
1B0 DATA 189, 173, 19B, 53, 22, 12G, 0
190 DATA 0, 135, 255, 134, 40, 55
200 DATA 51, 52, 41, 0
Using Machine Language
Machine language programs are one
of the features of the rainbow. There are
a number of ways to "get" these pro-
grams into memory so you can operate
them.
The easiest way is by using an editor/
assembler, a program you can purchase
from a number of sources.
An editor/assembler allows you to
enter mnemonics into the CoCo and
then have the editor/assembler assem-
ble them into specific instructions that
are understood by the 6809 chip, which
controls your computer.
When using an editor/assembler, all
you have to do, essentially, is copy the
relevant instructions from the rainbow's
listing into CoCo.
Another method of getting an assem-
bly language listing into CoCo is called
"hand assembly." As the name implies,
you do the assembly by hand. This can
sometimes cause problems when you
have to set up an ORIGIN statement or
an EQUATE. In short, you have to know
something about assembly to hand-
assemble some programs.
Use the following program if you wish
to hand-assemble machine language
listings:
10 CLEAR200,&H3F00:I=&H3FB0
20 PRINT " ADDRESS: ";HEX$( I);
30 INPUT "BYTE";B$
40 POKE I,VAL("&H"+B$)
50 I=I+1:G0T0 20
Thisprogramassumesyouhavea16K
CoCo. If you have 32K, change the
&H3F00 in Line 10 to &H7F08 and change
the value of I to &H7F88.
The Rainbow Seal
RAINBOW
CERTIFICATION
SEAL
The Rainbow Certification Seal is our
way of helping you, the consumer. The
purpose of the Seal is to certify to you
that any product that carries the Seal
has been physically seen by us, that it
does, indeed, exist and that we have a
sample copy here at the rainbow.
Manufacturers of products — hard-
ware, software and firmware — are
encouraged by us to submit their pro-
ducts to the rainbow for certification.
We ascertain that their products are, in
actuality, what they purport to be and,
upon such determination, award a Seal.
The Seal, however, is not a "guarantee
of satisfaction." The certification pro-
cess is different from the review process.
You are encouraged to read our reviews
to determine whether the product is
right for your needs.
There is absolutely no relationship
between advertising in the rainbow and
the certification process. Certification is
open and available to any product per-
taining to CoCo. A Seal will be awarded
to any commercial product, regardless
of whether the firm advertises or not.
We will appreciate knowing of in-
stances of violation of Seal use.
120
THE RAINBOW March 1986
introducing...
a
The Intelligent Choice...
ADMIT ITi Your Lumpnacr aJwoy^, had 0tc power, bur
nsver the software. NaW-.^FpLir Star So'ftiivare
present* a peodilfil UEilikt au> uUin . Penpal ! Tlur. U
41 piicfcHjir mtclJi.ftcnt enoujjn to help yon tcnnh new height* of
personal productivity, D«lgnsd to be Jsamisd jn less Ikiaij a day,
t»t enure pftterttrft L gitfQft an4 easy, powerful tut elegant, A
pleasure ta me?
i '«22j piil provFtlc^ you will* a p»c}«J4|«thar cortluiuGA Lf±i< fuGjucisi
:i mic iruziTflflin v
« TwcJvr function Keys- and a continuo
Sine mfljee this program easy to u*e. No izumplitfiitfd key corn
bkpaiion.? or corprpands *o remember
• On-JJot help ftancli^n
• CottifflOn iOtinuL'i and LCirximmrd'h iji all five TTJOdyles fll-ILjie
thift package «a*y ta laarn.cutd- tistir fltffcnriJ
• Piist iin4 efrecrive 255 fa> 25* jprsaslfh
flexitiit te*t adlkOi tommies all udmnnnn
«Jthw* rttia rent
Pr|i:k
■ji'tlrsflfc It]
uuarantef
itu, nrri.n
El Ull
m icwrjrc, Tltto
7T* ti \T'A\\ lilLCtirHliliJ
fill lira 1 ;, L Alh t ael'.'&riiiipr
centra itwspu
Omitr vonriwiojjBl epptttu PENPAL toda y ^f* finally te\h\\ic
U« hull ^Tpn^tal df ytuji Cojar Cor/ipy^ Available iiir«ni(ly
t Modules tnierfic «--...
package Mtilifee ;
}u>5t aepatds? pn jgranw thai ace ml
IjImt Brhcni of ret
* Came? pti an fltlTdstfVc' rJiTidjpr ntf , with reference utiii tuioi
F)i^iLy=JLr. Require* imd inrniifitim <>t' <me di.ifc drive.
Four Star Software
P.O. Box 730
StreetsvilJe, Ontario
Canada LS^l 2L2
Dealer enquiries welcome
write or call for oar
free Catalogue. Add
for shipping and handling
overseas order Add £5.00
BUSINESS
An Annual Expense Tracking
• v •' j
i . • * *
.'31
'■■*<'«S
' 1 1 *i
This system (set of three programs) allows an individ-
ual, of possibly a small business, to maintain and
track expenses for one year. A maximum of 135
transactions per month for up to 100 account codes may
be tracked by month for an entire year (12 month period).
Each expense you wish to track must have a numeric code
in the range of 1 through 100 with a description not
exceeding 27 characters. The system provides for screen
display and printing of data and reports and is designed for
use on a 64K CoCo with one disk drive and a DMP-100
printer. In addition to maintaining actual transaction data,
the system provides budgetary analysis for accounts over
the year. This feature allows for comparative analysis of
actual versus budget for an account (display and printout).
It should be noted that budget or transaction summary
amounts for an account cannot exceed $99,999.99 and a
detailed transaction entry for an account cannot be greater
than $9,999.99. ^||p;|gj:
Before proceeding, a discussion of a few basi^oncepts-
employed in the design of the system and programs is
warranted. The programs feature extensive use of arrays
which facilitate fast display of data and fast data entry and
maintenance. The disk file access methods are extremely
simple and straightforward and, for the most part, use array
concepts. This extensive utilization of arrays in the
programs yields a system which is both efficient and
inefficient, but overall it provides an effective and simple-
to-use-and-understand method for tracking expenses.
The design of the system requires that an entire diskette
be dedicated for the recording of budgeted and actual
expenditures for a year. If you utilize diskette backup for
your files and system programs, then two diskettes will be
required for one year of data (assuming you have only one
backup diskette). Although the system can be used without
a printer, one is highly recommended to achieve best results.
As mentioned previously, the system consists of three
programs. One program (Crexpfle) creates the basic files
required for system utilization. The system will not run until
this program has been successfully executed. The second
program (Exptrakr) allows the entry and maintenance of
all budget and actual data. It also permits various screen
displays of the data (both budget and actual). The third
program (Reptgenr) prints various listings of budget and
actual data. Execution of this program can be independent
Eddie Hill is employed as a computer professional. He
presently serves in a management capacity. His
hobbies include reading, photography and home
computing.
122
THE RAINBOW
March 1986
March 1986 THE RAINBOW
123
Battle the
st of Disk Drives
New Lower Price
Un-DISK Drives $4&95?
$34.95
You Bet! There are empty spaces in your 32K
and 64K CoCo. The Preble VDOS Un-DISK
helps you fill them up with PROGRAMS!
Un-DISK uses your computer's extra
memory like a fast disk drive.
Un-DISK can store BASIC and MACHINE
LANGUAGE programs.
Un-DISK is INVISIBLE. Yup! Un-DISK
does not interfere with normal Color Com-
puter Operation.
Un-DISK appears only when you type the
magic word VDOS.
Un-DISK comes with comprehensive in-
structions which you may not need be-
cause:
Un-DI-SK is self-prompting and easy to
use!
Un-DISK is provided on cassette.
Un-DISK is faster than a slow clumsy
DISK DRIVE and best of all . . .
Un-DISK is CHEAPER than a DISK DRIVE!
Un-DISK will work even if you already own
a disk but WHY BUY A DISK AT ALL?
Un-DISK should be in the library of every
serious CoCo user even if you own a disk
says Frank J. Esser, independent reviewer
for rainbow Magazine!
OK sure, disk drives ARE NICE. I own one.
But if your finances are limited, the Un-DISK
can give you much of the power of the
mechanical drive. Even if you already own a
disk the Un-DISK can work like a super fast
extra disk.
EXTRA . . . EXTRA . . . EXTRA . . . EXTRA . . .
Additional Power For $14.95
Only with VDUMP for the Un-DISK!
• VDUMP lets you make a cassette backup
copy of everything stored in the Un-DISK.
• VDUMP lets you save 5, 10, 15 or more
programs on a single cassette tape file.
• VDUMP lets you switch Un-DISKs. With a
single ioad operation replace a group of
financial programs with a set of children's
programs. (The new VDUMP tape over-
writes the old.)
• VDUMP can allow you to save a whole lot
of rainbow on tape in a SINGLE file.
• VDUMP is the perfect companion to the
Preble VDOS Un-DISK.
Available from Doctor Preble's Programs,
naturally! Bringing you fine Color Computer
Products Since 1983!
The Preble VDOS Un-DISK $34.95
The Preble VDUMP $14.95
Shipping & handling
U.S. and Canada . $1.50
or $5.00 to other foreign points
VISA and MasterCard accepted
Order From:
Dr. Preble's Programs
6540 Outer Loop
Louisville, KY 40228
(502) 966-8281
Canadians may order from Kelly Software
JLrXIllDll 1
rlCjiNlnljjL IKATy oAL.1 JLUINo
FOR JANUARY
lyoo
REC
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CLOTHING
95
25
op • /Jyj
TTivyr i g
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8
8
MISCELLANEOUS
98
28
75.00
SOFTWARE
9
6
GROCERIES
99
31
245.00
J&D GROCERY
7
CLOTHING
134
31
30.00
SHOES
TOTAL
— > $
1,360.00
of Exptrakr or may be selected from the main menu of
Exptrakr. After execution of Reptgenr you may return to
Exptrakr by exercising the appropriate selection option
from the main menu of Reptgenr. You may freely transfer
between Exptrakr and Reptgenr or run either as a stand-
alone program. It is important that you name the programs
"Exptrakr" and "Reptgenr" because these are the names
used in the call routines for the programs.
Both Exptrakr and Reptgenr are menu driven programs
with submenus, instructions and comments as required.
This approach offers easy access to (and exits from) routines
within the programs. As with all BASIC programs, if you
wish to exit a routine before completion, you may hit the
BREAK key. Use extreme caution when exercising this
option. An entire file or files can be easily "garbaged."
Therefore, it is not recommended. You may want to consider
a BREAK disable routine in the programs.
Crexpfle
Crexpfle creates the basic files for the system. It merely
formats and sizes the following files:
Budget Summary
Transaction Summary
Chart of Accounts
Detail Transaction Filenames
It must be executed before attempting to run Exptrakr or
Reptgenr.
Exptrakr
This program is the heart of the system. It allows for entry
and maintenance of all data utilized by the system. This
Exhibit 2
BUDGET FOR JANUARY 1986
ACT <-"D I SCR I ;i? T ^IS0^> V '
* .AMOUNT. .
1 HOUSE MORTGAGE
200 . 00
2 INSURANCE
50.00
3 BANK CARDS
100.00
4 ELECTRICITY
150 . 00
W- AUTO PAYMENT
180 . 0P
6 GROCERIES
400.00
7 CLOTHING
100 . 00
■ MISCELLANEOUS '
50.00
A.'.- ■ ' / -i ►Vol--''
iroiAL
1,230.00
includes charts of accounts, budget and transaction data.
Exptrakr opens up with a main menu consisting of 14
options. The main menu appears as shown below.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
Add/ change/ input budget
Account YTD summary trans.
Account actual vs. budget
Account budget for year
Chart of accounts maint.
Display chart of accounts
Add/ chg/ del/ input trans.
Display monthly budget
Display monthly trans.
Display actual vs. budget
Report generator
File deletion
Backup files
End session
A discussion of each option follows.
1) Add/ Change/ Input Budget
Allows input and maintenance of budget data for an
account. You select the month you wish to enter or change
by entering the appropriate number for the month (1-12).
If you wish to enter or change data for all months, enter
"99." You return to the main menu by entering '0'.
2) Account YTD Summary Transaction
A display of a specified account showing summary amounts
by month. Pressing ENTER returns you to the main menu.
3) Account Actual vs. Budget
Permits display of summarized actual versus budget
amounts for a month or year-to-date through a given
month.
4) Account Budget For Year
Displays the yearly budget month by month for an account.
5) Chart of Accounts Maintenance
As stated earlier, each expense you wish to track must have
a numeric code in the range 1 through 100 and a description
not exceeding 27 characters. The first five positions of the
description cannot be "XXXXX" since this denotes to the
system that the account has not been established for use.
If you inadvertently enter a description with more than 27
characters or "XXXXX" in the first five positions, the
system will prompt you to re-enter the description.
This selection gives you three options as follows:
Option 1 — Allows for the entry of account descriptions
March 1 986 THE RAINBOW 1 25
in numeric order. You are first prompted for the
description of Account 1, then Account 2 and so forth
until you have entered descriptions for all 100 accounts.
If you wish to terminate entry of descriptions at any point
before Account 100, merely type THRTS RLL and press
enter. The system will automatically return to the main
menu just as it does when the description for Account
100 has been entered.
Option 2 — Allows for the addition or changing of
account descriptions. The same procedure is used to add
or change an account description. A prompt appears that
asks for the account number. After entering a valid
account number the account number and description will
be displayed. You will be asked if this is the account you
wish to add or change. If so, type YES and press ENTER.
If not, type ND and enter. After entering a changed or
added account description you will be asked if you wish
to add or change any more account descriptions. The
process will repeat as long as you respond "yes." A "no"
response will return you to the main menu.
Option 3 — Choosing this option will return you to the
main menu.
6) Display Chart of Accounts
Allows for the display of all account numbers with their
descriptions (Option 1) or for a single account number with
its description (Option 2). If an account description is all
X's, it has not been set up for use by the system. Option
3 returns you to the main menu.
7) Add I Chg I Del/ Input Transaction
Permits the entry and maintenance of detail transactions
(expenses) for a selected month.
Option 1 — This allows the entry of detail expenses for
a selected month. You are asked for the number of the
month (1-12). The program then checks to see if
transactions have already been entered for the month
selected. If so, you cannot re-enter the transactions unless
you delete the entire month's transaction file (see
Selection 12, File deletion, for instructions). If transac-
tions for the month you wish to enter are not on file, the
program allows you to continue and prompts you
through entry of your expenses. Please notice the
program assigns each entry a record number which will
be used for changing or deleting transactions, if neces-
sary, in the future. Each addition to a month's transac-
tion must be assigned a record number. This must be an
mm'.+m mm mm mm mm mm mum mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm* mm mm mm w. «• «w aa. M *». «•••»*-■•••.■» «• mm mm mm <■»«■. «M mw«^*.a«
'I ; ■V*^ MAY
—■—■•««-.<-•«-• — » — — -* ■ -mm
FEB
JUN
OCT
' "...
MAR
JUL
NOV
AN V/ V
APR
AUG
HOUSE MORTGAGE 2pp. pp
200. PP
'I flfl/VPA r 6 n A Oi (A (A (A OOlOi 0\(A
X IVIAXj* • 9 ZfHjujO mjop ^PP * Pr
200.00
^00 * 00
200.00
O 0!
?;• : X-B-xij : •>» •••• , .• .
— — — — mm mm mm mmmmmm w ~ «*/;;;';
200.00
200 . 00
200 00
■ Insurance 50.00
sp.pp
2 TOTAL. . S 600.00 50.00
50.00
50.00
" / ^^sfl&^./K . ^
50.00
50 .00
50.00
50 . 00
50 . 00
50.00
BANK CARDS 1pp. pp
100 • 00
3 TOTAL. .$ 1,200.00 1pp. PP
Iv i ! & . }- U , , , ' ■ : * % T J ' :
100.00
100.00
100.00 ||
100 . 00
100.00
100 • 0 0
100.00
100.00
100.00
ELECTRICITY 150.00
150 .00
4 TOTAL. .$ 1,800.00 150.00
150.00
150.00
150.00
150.00
150.00
150.00
150.00
150.00
150 . 00 j
AUTO PAYMENT 180. 00
180.00
5 TOTAL . . $ 2, 160 .00 180 . 00
i ; ;.';-.. i v. ■ '..•■' : f'-': y'5' '.>^ : ft K y': •
180.00
180.00
180.00
i.l •■•> . ¥•* r '• «.<■■. ' • • 1 •: : <«i*r*. iv*^''"''
180.00
180.00
180.00
180.00
180 . 00
180.00
GROCERIES 400.00
400 <00
6 TOTAL.. $ 4,800.00 400.00
400.00
400.00
400.00
400.00
400.00
400.00
400.00
400.00
400.00
CLOTHING 100.00
1pp. pp
7 TOTAL. . $ 1,200.00 1pp. pp
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100 . 00
gillCELLANEOUS 50 . 00
e%0i old
8 TOTAL.. $ 600.00 50.00
50.00
50.00
50.00
50 .00
50.00
50.00
50.00
50.00 r ;
50.00
BUDGET FOR YEAR 1,230.00
:.. : k ft^iite|Si$S 1 r 23 0 . 00
999 -TOTAL. .$ 14,760.00 1,230.00
1, 230.00
1,230. 00
1,230.00
1,230.00
1,230.00
1,230.00
1,230.00
1,230.00 r
1,230.00
126
THE RAINBOW March 1986
Exhibit 4
JAN
FEB
MAR
— ____ _ _
APR
TUT* \T
MAY
JUN
JUL
AUG
ACTUAL FOR 19 8 6
SEP
OCT
NOV
DEC
HOUSE MORTGAGE
200.00
P'PP
0.00
P *PP
(A fA fA
P . pp
0.00
I TOTAL. - 5
200 r 00
0.00
0.00
0 . 00
INSURANCE
100.00
0.00
0.00
P-PP
fA (A fA
P.PP
fA f% fA
P-PP
P » 00
2 TOTAL, , S
100.00
0.00
0.00
0-00
BANK CARDS
P-PP
P*PP
P-PP
fA fA (A
FA fA (A
0, pp
2 TOTAL . . $
isp.pp
P*PP
P + PP
0-00
ELECTRICITY
125. pp
0.00
P>PP
0*00
(A fA fA
(A (A (A
fll ffi r3l
0 .00
4 TOTAL* , $
125*00
0.00
p. 00
0.00
AUTO PAYMENT
150.00
0.00
J3.J3J3
0 r 00
p . pp
fA fA fA
0.00
* i )fl0
5 TOTAL. . $
0.00
0.00
GROCERIES
420.00
0.00
0 -00
^*00 .
6 TOTAL* . $
■rt fA fA
P - pp
fA fA fA
0*00
P * 00
i3 Jit
0 , 00
0,00
P-PP
0*00
0 ■ PP
CLOTHING
110.00
P-PP
0.00
0 . 00
7 TOTAL ■ . $
PrPP
fA f% f%
0.00
.3 -J 3 J 3
lljZNjjp
0-00
P'PP
MISCELLANEOUS
15. $p
0,00
0*00
fA fA fA
P -PP
P'PP
8 TOTAL* * $
p. 00
TOTAL ACTUAL FOR
YEAR
p. 00
p*M
0*00
P*00
0*00
999 TOTAL. . $ 1
0-00
P*P$
P'PP
unused number in the range 1-100. More on changes,
deletions and additions later.
The entry of detail transactions requires a valid
account number for each transaction. Therefore, you
must set your chart of accounts file up prior to using this
option. Other information you must enter is as follows:
Date — This is the day the transaction occurred.
Trans. I.D. — A one- to four-digit identifying tag (e.g.,
check number). May be alphabetic or numeric.
Amount — The amount of the transaction (not to
exceed $9,999.99) may be debit or credit.
Description — This is an optional identification, not
exceeding 14 characters, for the transaction (e.g.,
monthly payment).
When the entry of the detail transaction is complete,
press ENTER. This writes the transaction to the file and
returns to a fresh transaction entry screen for input of
the next transaction. Upon completing the entry of all
detail transactions for the month, enter "ZZZ" in the
account number field and press ENTER. This will
complete the writing of the transaction file and post
transaction summary totals for the month. After this is
complete you are returned to the data entry submenu.
Option 2 — Allows the entering of new information for
a transaction which has already been entered. You must
specify the month and the record number of the transac-
tion (shown on detail printout of month's transactions)
you wish to change. A check is made to ensure that you
have entered a correct record number. If the record
number is valid, the transaction is displayed. Next, you
are asked if it is the one you wish to change. If so, all
Exhibit 5
TRANSACTION SUMMARY FOR 1986 . . . .K/0 01/31/86
ACT
ACCOUNT DESCRIPTION
. . . AMOUNT • .
1
HOUSE MORTGAGE
200.00
2
INSURANCE
100.00
3
BANK CARDS
150.00
4
ELECTRICITY
125. 0P
5
AUTO PAYMENT
1B0.00
6
GROCERIES
420. $0
7
CLOTHING
110.00
8
MISCELLANEOUS
15.00
TOTAL
$ 1,360.00
March 1 986 THE RAINBOW 1 27
Exhibit 6
ACTUAL VS. BUDGET FOR JANUARY 1986
ACT
. . • D E S C R 1 PT X O N • . •
• • •ACTUAL* •
• • • BUDGE I • •
• • VARIANCE •
1
HOUSE MORTGAGE
O fA (A fA fA
2)0)0 • )0)0
0-00
2
INSURANCE
100.00
50.00
50 .00-
3
BANK CARDS
150.00
100 .00
50.00-
A
**
.Eilj.tijL. 1K1L1 JL x
1 R01 0101
dO • )0)0
5
AUTO PAYMENT
180.00
180.00
0.00
6
GROCERIES
420.00
400.00
20 .00-
7
CLOTHING
100 .00
10.00-
8
MISCELLANEOUS
75.00
50 .00
25.00-
TOTAL >
$ 1,360.00
$ 1,230.00
$ 130.00-
Exhibit? 'v^V^V^,^^';-/-"
■■ ■ ■ - ■
f|pP^ A/0 JANUARY 1986
- : :-. ■■; "•■.re ••• v'm-v-: y;*'"
.«: • , :>';; ■;*'-.VA.%--^-- y ' ;:5 .J'V..'
ACT ...DESCRIPT I ON.
. . . . ACTUAL . .
. . . BUDGET . .
,'\ . " V.j, i ? ' /[* ?■* . .).-K> i fv : "< v».v* ■ 'V^-.' .■ ' . "<f '»
. . VARIANCE,
f ; ' HOUSE MORTGAGE "ft
200.00
200.00
0.00
INSURANCE
100 . 00
50.00
50 . 00-
3 V BANK CARDS
150.00
100.00
50.00-
:4t ELECTRICITY
125.00
150.00
25.00
fe' AUTO PAYMENT
180 .00
180.00
0.00
6' r -GROCERIES
420.00
400.00
20.00-
7l CLOTHING
110.00
100.00
10.00-
% MISCELLANEOUS
75.00
50.00
25.00-
TOTAL
•> $ 1,360.00
...
$ 1,230.00
$ 130.00-
of the data must be re-entered for the transaction (just
as if it were new). Upon completion of entry of the new
data for the transaction, press ENTER. This records the
transaction on the file and asks if you wish to change
more transactions. If you answer 6 Y* then the process
repeats, else the transaction summary file is updated and
you are returned to the data entry submenu.
Option 3 — This option will add new transactions (e.g.,
overlooked, not available at time data for month was
entered) to a month's file. You must specify the record
number for the record to be added. This may be derived
by looking at a detail printout for the month and adding
one to the record number shown for the last transaction.
The program will not permit the addition of a transaction
with an existing record number, as it checks this before
allowing you to proceed. Once it is determined that you
are not trying to add a duplicate record, you are
presented with the data entry screen. The procedure from
this point is the same as for entering change data in
Option 2 of this selection. Instead of referring to
transaction changes, the prompts relate to transaction
additions.
Option 4 — Allows you to delete a transaction from a
month's file (e.g., a transaction was included in the wrong
month). Again you must work with a record number,
which may be obtained from the printout of the detail
transactions for the month. You are asked for the deletion
record number, then the program checks to see if it is
valid. If so, it displays the record for a visual verification.
You are asked if this is the record you wish to delete. A
1 28 THE RAINBOW March 1 986
response of 'N' prompts you for another record number
while a 6 Y' response deletes the record and updates the
appropriate files. The steps from this point follow the
same logic as options 2 and 3 in this selection, except
comments that relate to deletions.
Option 5 — Returns to the main menu. It should be noted
that options 1 through 4 for this selection allow for
submenu return in case you chose an option in error.
8) Display Monthly Budget
Displays budgeted account expenditures for a selected
month.
9) Display Monthly Transaction
Displays the summary amount of each account's transac-
tions for a selected month.
10) Display Actual vs. Budget
You have the choice of choosing a specific month or year-
to-date through a specific month. The submenu will guide
you.
11) Report Generator
This selection allows you to print out reports from the data
you have entered. This is a separate program {Reptgenr,
program Listing 3) and is called from this menu choice. You
are given seven print selections plus a selection to return
to the main program (Exptrakr) or to terminate the session.
Details on this selection are covered in the comments on
program Listing 3.
12) File Deletion
This selection allows you to delete either a budget or
transaction file for a specified month. The appropriate
transactions summaries are adjusted. After completion of
this option, data for a given month (budget or transaction)
may be re-entered.
13) Backup Files
The method used is the single disk copy procedure provided
for but not documented in the Radio Shack manuals. I
recommend at least a two-generation backup system
(backup of current files, plus prior generation).
14) End Session
Choose this option when you are ready to end the program
{Exptrakr). Remember to backup your files.
Reptgenr
This program provides for various listings of your data.
A discussion of the selections follows:
1) List Monthly Transactions
This selection gives you a listing of all the transactions for
a specified month. The listing is the only place where this
detail is given. Record numbers are obtained from this
listing. See Exhibit 1.
2) List Monthly Budget
This option provides a listing of the budget amounts for
each account with budgeted expenditures in a specified
month. See Exhibit 2.
3) List Budget For Year
Provides a month-by-month listing of each account's
budgeted amounts for the year. See Exhibit 3.
4) List Actual For Year
Provides a month-by-month listing of each account's actual
amounts for the year. See Exhibit 4.
5) List Transaction Summary For Year
Provides a summarized listing of all account amounts
entered. See Exhibit 5.
6) List Month Actual vs. Budget
Provides a summarized listing of account versus budget
amounts for a chosen month. A difference (variance)
between actual and budget is shown. Credit (-) amounts in
the variance column are unfavorable (over budget) while
Exhibit 8
ACT
D ESCRIPTIO N — >
1
HOUSE MORTGAGE
2
INSURANCE
3
BANK CARDS
4
ELECTRICITY
5
AUTO PAYMENT
6
GROCERIES
7
CLOTHING
8
MISCELLANEOUS
debit variances are favorable (under budget). See Exhibit
6.
7) List YTD Actual vs. Budget
Provides the same information as Selection 5, except it
reflects data through a specified month. See Exhibit 7.
8) List Chart of Accounts
Allows for a listing of your chart of accounts. This is a handy
reference listing. See Exhibit 8.
9) Return to Main Program
This option returns you to the main program, Exptrakr, to
continue other activities.
10) End Session
Select this option if you wish to terminate the program.
Although this set of programs offers various options for
use in budgeting and tracking expenses, enhancements such
as displaying all account detail expenditures for a year or
allowing for more transactions in a month can be made. It
is hoped that the programs are helpful and create an interest
in expanding their usefulness. May all of your expenditures
be small.
(Any questions relating to these programs may be
directed to Eddie Hill at 124 Sterling Drive, Hueytown, AL
35023; phone 205-491-1452. Please include an SASE when
writing.) □
Listing 1: CREXPFLE
0 CLS: PRINT "CREATE FILES FOR EXP
ENSE TRACKING AND MANAGEM
ENT" : PRINT : PRINT"AUGUST 1985" : PR
INT: PRINT STRING$ ( 32 ,"-"); : PRINT
"EDDIE HILL": PRINT" 12 4 STERLING
DRIVE" : PRINT "HUEYTOWN , AL 35023"
: PRINT" (205) 491-1452"
2 PRINT STRING$ ( 32 , "-" ) :PRINT"RE
QUIREMENTS : " : PRINT : PRINT" 64K COC
O DISK BASIC 1.1": PRINT" DISK DRI
VE" ; : F0RI=1T09999 : NEXTI
5 CLS : PRINT@128 , "ENTER YEAR - 19
XX . " 7 : INPUTYEAR
7 IF YEAR <1986 THEN 5
8 CLS: PRINT© 12 8, "I AM FORMATTING
THE BUDGET FILE FOR"; YEAR
10 OPEN "D", #1, "BUDGET/DAT" ,128
20 FOR I=1TO100
25 WRITE # 1 , YEAR
30 FOR X=1T012
40 WRITE #1,00000.00
50 NEXTX
60 PUT #1,1
70 NEXTI
80 CLOSE #1
85 CLS:PRINT@128,"I AM FORMATTIN
G THE CHART OF ACCOUNTS FILE
FOR"; YEAR
90 OPEN " D " , # 1 , " CHRTACCT/ DAT ",30
95 FORI=1TO100
100 WRITE #1, "XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
XXXXXXXXX"
110 PUT #1,1
120 NEXTI
130 CLOSE#l
135 CLS : PRINT@128 , "I AM FORMATTI
NG THE TRANSACTION FILE FOR" ;YEA
R
140 OPEN "D",#1,"TRANSFLE/DAT",1
March 1986 THE RAINBOW 129
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This is why we developed the HJL
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The Number Jack is a self-contained,
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Comes complete with 3-foot cable and
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The Monitor Adapter - $25.95
This universal driver works with ail
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The BASIC Utility ■ $25.95
Quick Basic Plus, a high-performance
programming utility, can be used with
any color computer that has four func-
tion keys. 26 pre-defined BASIC
statements, 10 user-defined macros at
a time (you can save as many sets of
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and instant screen dump to printer,
make this software the BASIC pro-
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The HJL Warranty
Every HJL product comes with a full,
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Ordering information: Specify model (Original, F-version, or CoCo 2 Model Number). Payment by C.O.D., check,
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PRODUCTS
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955 Buffalo Road • P.O. Box 24954
Rochester, New York 14624
28
150 FORI=1TO100
152 WRITE # 1 , YEAR
155 F0RX=1T012
160 WRITE #1,00000.00
17 0 NEXTX
180 PUT #1,1
19)3 NEXTI
200 CLOSE #1
210 CLS : PRINT© 12 8 , " I AM FORMATTI
NG THE DETAIL TRANSACTION F
ILENAME FILE FOR " ; YEAR
220 OPEN "D", #1, "FILENAME/ DAT" ,2
1
230 F0RI=1T012
24)3 WRITE #1,YEAR,"ZZZZZZZZ/ZZZ"
250 PUT #1,1
260 NEXT I
270 CLOSE #1
275 CLS: PRINT© 12 8, "I HAVE FINISH
ED. FORMATTING THE FILES FOR THE
EXPENSE TRACKING AND MANAGEMEN
T PROGRAMS. YOU MAYNOW USE THE P
ROGRAMS . " : PRINT
28J3 END
40 146
208 248
420 136
736 196
940 128
2440 85
3020 69
3230 185
4022 177
4540 129
5002 179
5025 242
5057 187
5145 137
5320 195
5526 230
5580 7
5760 1
5950 189
7036 244
8990 220
9031 111
10002 30
11800 ....193
11960 ....172
11986 ....171
12015 48
END 84
Listing 2: EXPTRAKR
0 PCLEAR1
5 CLS0
6 PRINT" EXPENSE TRACKING & MANA
GEMENT"
12 PRINT@64,STRING$(32, "$") ;:PRI
NT" author
11 ; : PRINT" EDDIE HIL
L": PRINT" 124 STERLING DRI
VE": PRINT" HUEYTOWN, AL 35
023":PRINT" (205)491-145
2": PRINT STRING$ (32 ,"$"); :
15 PRINT" requirements
";: PRINT" 64K COCO D
ISK BASIC 1.1": PRINT"
DISK DRIVE" : PRINT" DMP 10
0 PRINTER" : PRINTSTRING$ (32,"$") ;
•
19 PRINT© 4 81, "PART I ============
=AUGUST 1985" ; :
20 P=64:F0RI=1T012:PRINT@P,"$"; :
PRINT@P+31, "$" ; :P=P+32 : NEXTI: FOR
X=1T09999:NEXTX
21 DATA "JANUARY", "FEBRUARY" , "MA
RCH" , "APRIL" , "MAY" , "JUNE" , "JULY"
, "AUGUST" , "SEPTEMBER" , "OCTOBER" ,
"NOVEMBER" , "DECEMBER"
29 CLEAR3000
30 FILES 3:DIM BAMT ( 12 ) , TAMT (12 )
,VAR(i2) ,MO$ (12) ,FL$ (12) ,TTOT(10
0) ,DA$(100) ,CTOT(100) ,YTOT(100)
40 FORI=lT012 :READMO$ (I) : NEXTI :R
E STORE
45 CLS:GOT0165
160 CLS : PRINT@134 , "ONE MOMENT PL
EASE . " : DLSW=0 : FOR I=1TO100 : DA$ ( I
) =" " : CTOT (I) =0 : TTOT ( I) =0 : YTOT (I)
=0 : NEXTI : CLS
165 PRINT@0 , "********* SELECTION
S **********"
ADD/CHANGE/INPUT B
ACCOUNT YTD SUMMAR
180 PRINT" 1
UDGET"
190 PRINT" 2
Y TRANS."
200 PRINT" 3
BUDGET"
201 PRINT" 4
YEAR"
202 PRINT" 5
MAINT. "
203 PRINT" 6
CCOUNTS "
204 PRINT" 7
TRANS . "
205 PRINT" 8
DGET"
206 PRINT" 9
ANS. "
207 PRINT" 10
BUDGET"
208 PRINT" 11
2)39 PRINT" 12
210 PRINT"13
219 PRINT" 14
220 PRINT"
ACCOUNT ACTUAL VS.
ACCOUNT BUDGET FOR
CHART OF ACCOUNTS
DISPLAY CHART OF A
ADD/ CHG/DEL/ INPUT
DISPLAY MONTHLY BU
DISPLAY MONTHLY TR
DISPLAY ACTUAL VS.
it
REPORT GENERATOR"
FILE DELETION"
BACKUP FILES"
END SESSION"
. :INPUTA
250 ON A GOSUB 3 60,2210,3000,600
0 , 4000 , 10000 , 5000 , 7000 , 8000 ,8990
, 11000 , 12000 , 13000 , 18000
260 GOTO160
360 CLS : PRINT© 19 2 , "ENTER BUDGET
ACCOUNT NUMBER" ; : INPUTACNO : IFACN
O>100 OR ACNO<l THEN '360 ELSE 1=
ACNO
March 1986 THE RAINBOW 131
365 CLS:PRINT@192,"I AM LOADING
BUDGET ACCOUNT ";ACNO;"."
370 OPEN "D" , #1, "BUDGET/DAT" , 12 8
380 OPEN "D",#2,"CHRTACCT/DAT",3
0
390 GET #2, 1: INPUT #2 , DESC$ : CLOS
E #2
395 IF MID$(DESC$,1,5)="XXXXX"TH
EN400ELSE410
400 PRINT: PRINT "THE ABOVE ACCOUN
T DOES NOT HAVE A DESCRIPTION. I
F YOU NEED TO USE IT YOU MUST
ADD IT TO THE CHART OF ACCOUNT
S. I AM GOING BACK TO THE MAIN
MENU. ":CLOSE#l: FOR T=l TO 6000:
NEXT T: GOTO 160
410 GET #1,1
415 INPUT # 1 , YEAR
420 FOR I=1T012
430 INPUT #1,BAMT(I)
460 NEXTI
465 CLOSE #1
470 CLS
607 PRINT DESC$
610 PRINT YEAR;" BUDGET AMO
UNT"
620 SUMBUD=0
630 FOR 1=1 TO 12
640 PRINT USING" % %%
%#####. ##-";MO$ (I) ;SPACE$;BAMT(I
)
650 SUMBUD=SUMBUD+BAMT ( I )
660 NEXTI
670 PRINT@80,USING"$#####. ##-";B
AMT(l)
675 IF RC=1 THEN 910
680 PRINT@448,USING"%
%$#####.##-•';» TOTAL »;SUMB
UD
685 IFBSW=1THEN6010
690 PRINT@480, "l-12=MO : 99=ALL
: 0=MENU : " ; : INPUTAN
710 IFAN=0THEN790
712 IF AN=99 THEN 720
713 IF AN <1 OR AN >12 THEN 690
720 CLS
730 N=AN
736 PRINT
745 PRINT
750 PRINT DESC$
755 IF AN=99 THEN 900
756 PRINT
760 PRINTUSING "% %$#
####.##-" ;MO$(N) ;BAMT(N)
770 PRINT: INPUT" NEW AMOUNT" ;BA
MT(N)
780 GOTO470
790 CLS: PRINT© 12 8, "I AM WRITING
BUDGET ACCOUNT ";ACNO;"."
800 OPEN "D", #1, "BUDGET/DAT", 128
805 WRITE # 1 , YEAR
810 FOR I=1T012
820 WRITE #1,BAMT(I)
830 NEXTI
840 PUT #l,ACNO
880 CLOSE #1
890 RETURN
900 RC=1:GOTO470
910 •
912 PP=80
915 F0RI=1T012
917 PRINT@PP,USING"% %"
;STRING$(10," ")
920 PRINT@PP,""; :INPUTBAMT(I)
930 PRINT@PP,USING"$##### . ##-" ;B
AMT(I)
940 PP=PP+32
950 NEXTI :RC=0:GOTO4 70
2210 CLS : PRINT @ 12 8, "ENTER TRANS.
ACCOUNT NUMBER" ; : INPUTACNO : IFAC
NO>100 OR ACN0<1 THEN 2210 ELSE
I=ACNO
2220 CLS : PRINT@12 8 , "I AM LOADING
TRANS . ACCOUNT " ; ACNO ; " . "
2230 OPEN "D", #1, "TRANSFLE/DAT",
128
2240 OPEN "D",#2,"CHRTACCT/DAT",
30
2250 GET #2, I: INPUT #2,DESC$:CLO
SE #2
2260 GET #1,1
22 65 N=I
2270 INPUT # 1 , YEAR
2280 FOR I=1T012
2290 INPUT #1,TAMT(I)
2300 NEXTI
2310 CLOSE #1
2320 CLS
23 60 PRINTDESC$
2380 PRINT YEAR;" TRANS. AM
OUNT"
2400 TRNBAL=0
2410 FOR 1=1 TO 12
2420 PRINT USING"% %%
%#####.##-" ;MO$ (I) ;SPACE$ ;TAMT (
I)
2430 TRNBAL=TRNBAL+TAMT ( I )
2440 NEXTI
2450 PRINT@80,USING"$#####.##-";
TAMT(l)
2460 IF RC=1 THEN 2710
2470 PRINT@448,USING"%
%$#####•##-";" TOTAL " ; TRN
BAL
2480 PRINT@480, "<ENTER> FOR MAIN
MENU. " ; :I$=INKEY$:IFI$<> CHR$(1
3) THEN 2480 ELSE 160
2610 CLS : PRINT@410 , "I AM REWRITI
132
THE RAINBOW March 1986
Enjoy Your RAINBOW Programs
with the Greatest of Ease
Subscribe to rainbow ON tape!
Each month, rainbow on tape gives you as many as two dozen ready-to-
run programs from the current issue of the rainbow, excluding OS-9
programs and those less than 20 lines. With just a one-year subscription, you'll
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by the magazine, all you have to do is load and run them.
Need a back issue of rainbow on tape?
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NOW AVAILABLE ON DELPHI!
For your convenience, RAINBOW ON TAPE can also be
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pages 234 and 235.
The individual programs from our past utility issues are also
available for immediate download in the Rainbow On Tape
Database area in the Rainbow's Color Computer Sig on
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RAINBOW ON TAPE is not a stand-alone product, but is
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Even if you purchase RAINBOW ON TAPE, you will still need
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To order by phone, call: (502) 228-4492
Programs From Our Past Business Issues:
March 1985 — Home Financial Statement, keeps track of
home finances; Cash Flow Rate of Return, analyzes prospects
for good investments; Stock Index, gauges stock market
performance; Convert, figures foreign exchange rates; Pert,
an aid to project and estimate the efficient use of time: T-bill,
computes the worth of treasury bills; Landlord's Helper,
manages rental property; Payroll, a complete small business
payroll package; and EOQ Calc, helps find the ultimate
bargain for economic management. Plus, Lurkley Manor, an
all-graphics Adventure game; Demon's Defiance, a mini
arcade game; Joystick, a tutorial on incorporating joysticks
into programs; and eight additional programs.
March 1984 — Inflation, determines the relationship of past
to present dollars under permanent inflation; House$, figures
the total cost impact of home ownership; Financial Analyst,
analyzes a company's financial strength; Cost Calc, figures
manfacturing costs; Markup and % Profit, small business aid
to add a percentage markup to cost; Pare/? Painting, converts
Micropainter to disk; Playbook, a basketball coach's aid for
animating plays and drills; Disk Fixer, tests tracks and sectors
for I/O Errors; and Character Sheet, prints sheets for
cataloging dungeon characters. Plus, The Little Runner,
Stunt Pilot; Creating Graphic Adventures; and six additional
programs.
NG TRANSACTION ACCOUNT " ;ACNO;".
262)9 OPEN "D" , #1, " TRANS FLE/ DAT 11 ,
128
2630 WRITE #1, YEAR
264 0 FOR I=1T012
265)3 WRITE #1,TAMT(I)
2660 NEXTI
267)3 PUT #l,ACNO
2680 CLOSE #1
269)3 RETURN
3)3)3)3 CLS : PRINT@128 , "ENTER ACCOUN
T NUMBER" ; : INPUTACNO : IFACN0>1)3)3
OR ACN0<1 THEN 3)3)3)3 ELSE I=ACNO
3)31)3 CLS:PRINT@128,"I AM LOADING
ACCOUNT " ; ACNO ; " . «
3)315 N=I
3)32)3 OPEN "D",#l, 11 TRANS FLE/ DAT " ,
128
3)33)3 OPEN "D", #2, "CHRTACCT/DAT",
30
3040 GET #2,I:INPUT #2 / DESC$:CLO
SE #2
3)35)3 GET #1,1
3)36)3 INPUT # 1 , YEAR
3070 FOR I=1T012
3080 INPUT #1,TAMT(I)
3090 NEXTI
3100 CLOSE #1
3110 OPEN "D", #3, "BUDGET/DAT", 12
8
3112 GET #3 ,N: INPUT #3, YEAR
3115 FOR I=1T012: INPUT #3, BAMT (
I) : NEXTI
3118 CLOSE #3
3119 CLS
3150 PRINTDESC$
3170 PRINT YEAR;" ACTUAL BU
DGET"
3190 TRNBAL=)3
3195 SUMBAL=)3:VARTOT=)3
3200 FOR 1=1 TO 12
3205 VAR ( I ) =TAMT ( I ) -BAMT ( I )
3210 PRINT USING"% %% %####.##-%
%#####. ##-";MO$ (I) ;SPACE$;TAMT(
I);" " ; BAMT ( I )
3220 TRNBAL=TRNBAL+TAMT ( I )
3225 SUMBUD=SUMBUD+BAMT ( I )
3227 VARTOT=VARTOT+VAR ( I )
3230 NEXTI
324)3 PRINT@68,USING"$#####.##-%%
$#####. ##-";TAMT(l) ;"";BAMT(1)
3250 IF RC=1 THEN 3500
3260 PRINT@448,USING"% %$#####.
##-%%$#####. ##-" ; "TOT ";TRNBA
L;"";SUMBUD
3270 PRINT© 4 8)3, "<ENTER> FOR MAIN
MENU . " ; :
3275 I$=INKEY$:IFI$ <> CHR$(13)
134 THE RAINBOW March 1986
THEN 3275
328)3 GOT016)3
4)3)3)3 CLS:PRINT"***********SELECT
IONS****'*******" ! PRINT"1) ENTER
ACCOUNT DESCRIPTIONS" : PRINT : PRIN
T"2) ADD/CHG ACCOUNT DESCRIPTION
": PRINT: PRINT" 3) RETURN TO MAIN
MENU" : PRINT : PRINT : PRINT" " ; : INPU
TA: ON A GOSUB 4010 , 4500 , 160 : GOTO
4000
4010 CLS: OPEN "D", #1, "CHRTACCT/D
AT",3)3:PRINT"ACT < — D E S C R I
P T I 0 N — >": PRINT: FOR X=1TO100 \
STEP l)3:PP=64:FORI=X TO X+9:PRI
NTUS I NG "###"; I : I FRC= 1THEN4 0 50
4020 PRINTS 4 80, "<THATS ALL> FOR
MAIN MENU . " ; : PRINT@PP+4 , " " ; : LINE
INPUT DC$
4021 L=LEN(DC$) : IF L>27 OR LEFT$
(DC$,5)="XXXXX" THEN 4020
4022 IF DC$="THATS ALL" THEN 404
0
4025 WRITE #1,DC$:PUT #1,1
4028 PP=PP+32:NEXTI
4)329 IF RC <> 1 THEN 4030 ELSE P
RINT@416, "<ENTER> TO CONTINUE OR
'R' FOR RETURN TO MAIN MENU.";
:INPUTA$:IFA$=CHR$(13) THEN 4030
ELSE IF A$="R" THEN 4040
4030 PP=64:FORN=1TO10:PRINT@PP:P
P=PP+3 2 : NEXTN : PRINT@ 64 , " " ; :
4031 NEXTX
4040 RC=0 : CLOSE #l:GOT016)3
4050 GET #1,1: INPUT #1,DESC$:PRI
NT@PP+4, " " ;DESC$:GOTO4028
4500 CLS: OPEN "D 11 , #1 , "CHRTACCT/D
AT", 30
4510 CLS :PRINT@128, "ENTER ACCOUN
T NUMBER YOU WISH TO ADD OR CH
ANGE " ; : INPUTAC : IFAC <1 OR AO100
THEN 4510
4520 CLS : PRINT@128 , "I AM LOADING
ACCOUNT " ; AC : GET #1, AC: INPUT #1
, DESC$ : CLOSE#l : CLS : PRINT@128 , "CU
RRENT DESCRIPTION ACCOUNT ";AC;:
PRINT: PRINTDESC$:IFRC=1THEN10530
4530 PRINT@256, "IF YOU WISH TO R
ETURN TO MAIN MENU THEN ENTER
<RET> OTHERWISE ANSWER YES OR NO I
. IS THIS THE ACCOUNT YOU WISH j
TO ADD OR CHANGE"; :INPUTA$
:IF A$="YES" THEN 4540 ELSE IF A'
$=»NO" THEN 4500 ELSE IF A$="RET
" THEN 160 ELSE 4530
4540 CLS: PRINT® 12 8,""; :PRINT"NEW
DESCRIPTION ACCOUNT ";AC:PRINT:
PRINT"" ;: LINE INPUT DC$
4549 DSC$=LEFT$ (DC$,5)
4550 L=LEN(DC$) : IF L>27 OR LEFT$
(DC$ / 5)="XXXXX M THEN 4540
4555 CLS: PRINT© 12 8, "I AM REWRITI
NG THE CHART OF ACCOUNTS FIL
E . " ; :
4560 OPEN "D",#l, "CHRTACCT/DAT" ,
30:WRITE #1,DC$:PUT #l,AC:CLOSE
#1
4562 CLS : PRINT@128 , "DO YOU WISH
TO ADD OR CHANGE MORE ACCOUNT
S"; :INPUTA$:IFA$ =»YES" THEN 450
0 ELSE IF A$="NO" THEN 160 ELSE
4562 ,
4570 GOTO 160
5000 ISW=0:CSW=0:DSW=0:SW=0:CLS:
PRINT" **********SELECTIONS******
*****••; PRINT: PRINT" 1) ENTER NEW
TRANSACTIONS": PRINT" 2) CHANGE A
TRANSACTION": PRINT" 3) ADD A TRAN
SACTION" : PRINT" 4) DELETE A TRANS
ACTION" :
5002 PRINT" 5) RETURN TO MAIN MEN
U": PRINT: PRINT" " ; :INPUTA:ON A G
OSUB 5005 ,5500, 5700, 59#0,160:Gi0T
05000
5005 CLS : PRINT@128 , "I AM LOADING
THE NAMES OF EXISTING TRA
NS ACTION FILES . " ; : OPEN "D" , #1, "F
I LENAME/ DAT " ,21: F0RI=1T012 : GET #
1,I:INPUT #1,YEAR / FLE$:FL$(I)=FL
E$:NEXTI: CLOSE #1
5009 IFDSW=1THEN5015ELSE5010
5010 IFISW=1THEN5015ELSEIFCSW=1T
HEN5015ELSEIFRC=10THEN5015ELSECL
S : PRINT" ENTER NEW MONTH TRANSACT
IONS" : PRINT : PRINT"WHICH MONTH 1 S
DO YOU WISH TO ENTER (1-12 OR
99 TO RETURN TO THE MAIN MENU)
" ; : INPUTMO : IF MO=99 THEN 160 ELS
E IF MO<01 OR MO>12 THEN 5010
5015 AP$=LEFT$ (MO$ (MO) ,3) :FLE$="
DTLTRANS/"+AP$ : IF FL$(MO)=FLE$ T
HEN 5020 ELSE IF FL$ (MO) ="ZZZZZZ
ZZ/ZZZ" THEN 5023
5020 IFDSW=1THEN5920ELSEIFISW=1T
HEN5720ELSEIFCSW=1THEN5520ELSEPR
INT:IFRC=10THEN11125ELSEPRINT"TR
ANS ACT IONS FOR THIS MONTH AL
READY ENTERED. PLEASE ENTER A DI
FFERENT MONTH. " ; : FORX=1TO3000 : NE
XTX:GOTO5010
5023 IFCSW=1 OR ISW=1THEN5550
5025 IFRC=10THEN11120ELSE FL$ (MO
) =FLE$ : CLS : PRINT@128 , "I AM REWRI
TING NAMES OF TRANSACTIO
N FILES TO INCLUDE THEMONTH FOR
WHICH YOU ARE ENTERINGTRANSACTIO
NS . " ; : OPEN "D" , #1 , "FILENAME/ DAT"
, 21 :F0RI=1T012: WRITE #1, YEAR,FL$
(I):PUT #l,I:NEXTI:CLOSE#l
5030 OPEN "D" , #1, FLE$ , 51 : OPEN "D
11 , #2 , "CHRTACCT/DAT" , 30 '.GOSUB5400
5031 F0RN=1T0135:CLS:PRINT"TRANS
ACTIONS FOR " ;MO$ (MO) ; " , " ; YEAR: G
OSUB5200
5035 PRINT§32,STRING$(32 / CHR$(12
8))
5045 PRINT@64, "TRANSACTION ";:PR
INT USING "##";N:
5050 PRINT@128, "ACCOUNT ";:
LINE INPUT ACNO$:IF ACNO$="ZZZ"T
HEN 5210 ELSE ACNO=VAL(ACNO$) : IF
ACNO <1 OR ACNO >100 THEN5050
5055 IF MID$ (DA$ (ACNO) ,1,5) ="XXX
XX" THEN 5056 ELSE 5060
5056 PRINT: PRINT "THE ABOVE ACCOU
NT IS INVALID. ENTER <99> FOR .
RETURN TO MAIN MENU, OTHERWISE 1
HIT <ENTER> TO RE-ENTER CORREC
T ACCOUNT NUMBER. " : PRINT ; : INPUT
RT:IFRT=99THEN5058
5057 PRINT§128,STRING$(255, " "):
GOTO5050
5058 CLOSE#l:CLOSE#2 :GOTO5220
5060 PRINT" ";DA$(ACNO)
5065 PRINT" IS THIS THE CORRECT A
CCOUNT"; :
5066 A$=INKEY$:IFA$=""THEN5066
5067 IFA$="Y"THEN5070ELSEIFA$<>"
N"THEN5066
5068 PRINT@128,STRING$(128," "):
GOTO 50 50
5070 PRINT@192,STRING$(64," "):P
RINT@224 , "DATE (DA) ... " ; : LINEIN
PUTDT$ : DA=VAL ( DT$ ) : IFDA<10RDA>3 1
THEN5070
5090 PRINT@256,STRING$ (64, " "):P
RINT@256 , "TRANS . ID.. ";:LINEIN
PUTCHK$ : CHK=VAL ( CHK$ ) : IFCHK<10RC
HK>9999THEN5090
5110 PRINT@288,STRING$(64," "):P
RINT§288, "AMOUNT. .. . " ; : LINEIN
PUTAMT$ : AMT=VAL (AMT$ ) : A=ABS ( AMT)
:IFA<10000THEN5120ELSE5110
5120 PRINT§301,USING"##, ### . ##-"
; AMT
5125 TTOT (ACNO) =TTOT (ACNO) + AMT
5130 PRINT@320,STRING$(64, " "):P
RINT@320 , "DESCRIPTION " ; : LINEIN
PUTPRP$:L=LEN(PRP$) : IFL>14THEN51
30
5140 PST=1: YR$=STR$ (YEAR) : Y$=MID
$(YR$,4,2) :YR=VAL(Y$) :
5145 WRITE #1 , ACNO, MO, DA, YR, CHK,
AMT,PRP$,PST:PUT #1,N
5147 IFDSW=1THEN5990ELSEIFCSW=2T
HEN5600ELSEIFSW=2THEN5770 ,
5150 NEXTN: CLOSE #1: CLOSE #2: GOT
05220
March 1986 THE RAINBOW 135
227 Hampton Green, Staten Island, New York 10312
PROGRAM TITLE GRADES MEMORY price PROGRAM TITLE
GRADES MEMORY PRICE
r PRESCHOOL
Preschool i - counting: : PrenK
Preschool II - adding t Pre-K
Preschool III - alphabet- ; Pre-K ; i
Music Marvel-play songs Pre-K, 1
Arrow Games - 6 games Pre-K, 1
First Games - 6 games Pre-K v 1i
Mr. Cocohead-facemaker K-3
Bentley Bear : f / Pre-f^
LANGUAGE ARTS
Beyond Words 1-3 parts 3-5
Beyond Words 2-3 parts 6-8 W.
Beyond Words 3-3 parts 9-12;
Vocabulary 1-1000 words 3-5:1
Vocabulary 2-1 000 wdfds 6-8 v
Vocabulary 3-1000 wordS;'9-12;g : v^
Context Clues 4,5,6,or 7
Cocojot - jotto game 3-up
Reading Aids - 4 part$ ^2-4
King Author - writing ^pJ^:^t6^^
Goeowheel of Fortune 4-up
Context Clues , 2-3
FOREIGN LANGUAGES
French Baseball-200wds. 4-up
French Baseba!l-500wds. 4-up
Spanish Baseball-200wd^ 4-up
Spanish Baseball-500yi/ds 4-up-,;
Italian Baseball-200wd$. 4-up : T
Hebrew Alphabet beginners
Hebrew Utility drawing utility
CRITICAL THINKING PROBLEMS
Memory Castle-Sunburst 4-up
Factory by Sunburst 4-up
Pond by Sunbu rst 2-up
Teasers by Tobbs-Sunb. 4-up f
Inner City - simulation 7-up
Find The Math Sequence 4-up
Stranded-graphic advent. 4-up
/ TEACHER/STUDENT AIDS J !
Qolorgrade - gradebook Adult:;; ;
iQuizmaker - write quizzes 5-up
ETT typing tutor (CocoWarehouse? 4-up
The Puzzler feotoi-connoction) 4-up
16K Ext.
16KExt.
1 6K Ext,
16K-Ext.
32K-Ext.
32K-Ext.
1 6K-Ext.
32K^Disk
32K-Ext.
32K-Ext.
32K-Ext.
32K-Ext.
32K-Ext.
32K-Ext.
16K-Ext.
1 6K
16K-Ext.
16/32 Ext.
32K-Ext.
32K-Ext.
16K-Ext,
32K-Ext-
16K-Ext
32K-Ext.
16K-Ext.
16K-Ext.
16K-Ext.
32K-disk
32K-disk
32K-disk
32K-disk
32K-disk
32K-Ext.
32K-disk
11.95
ti.95
11,95
11.95
21.95
24,95
19.95
19.95
19.95
19.95
19.95
17.95
11.95
19.95
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11.95
1 9.95
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19.95
11.95
1 1 .95
15.95
44.95
44.95
44.95
44.95
49.95
19,95^
24.95
MATH '^M0kW€ ^%
32K-disk
32K-Ext.
32K-disk
21.95
29.95
Openi ng a BanJcAfccbupf
Dollars & Sense '^';:i.h'2H:
McCoco's Menu
Moneypak 2-5
Graph Tutor 3-7
Graph-It T-tJj
Math Invaders ; ; >1;~8:
Mathquiz - 4 operations 2-5
Addition & Subtraction
Skill Tutor Series
Division Tutor 3-7
Multiplication Tutor 3-7
Factors Tutor • ^5-8
Fractions Tutors p programs)
addition, subtraction or multiplication 4-8
Trigonometry 8-1 (
Equations Linear 7-9
Equations Quadratic 8-1 -
Anth. Diagnostic Disk 3-8
Fraction Diagnostic Disk 4-9
Verbal Problems ^rije^>^
Distance Problems ^5-8
Area & Perimeter 5-8
Pizza Game 3-5
Sales & Bargains 6-8
Comparison Shopping ;4?7
Binary Dice Game 4-up
SOCIAL STUDIES
Know Your States 5-up
History Game 5-up
States & Capitals ; % 5-up
Explorers & Settlers ; 4*up
Famous American Women 6-Up
Street Map Game }|^|^
MISCELLANEOUS
Name That Song 1 ,2>or 3 2-up
Music Drill 3^ 3-up
Science Game S-up
Computer Literacy ; >§.rup
5 Educational Programs' 1-2 or
with Lightpen ;";S : 3-6
Chemistry Tutor
7 y0m 32K-di$tfc
4 1 6K-Ext.
i
32K-Ext.
32K-Ext.
16K-Ext.
16K-Ext.
32K-Ext.
16K-Ext.
1 6K-Ext
16K-Ext.
32K-Ext.
32K.Ext.
32K-dis£
32K-disk
32K-Ext.
32K-Ext.
32K-Ext.
32K-Ext.
32K-Ext.
32K-Ext.
32K-Ext.
32K-Ext.
32K-Ext.
32K-Ext.
14.95
14.95
19.95
1 6K-Ext. 19.95ea.
19.95
19 95
49.95
49.95
16K-Ext.
16K-Ext.
32K-disk
32K-disk
32K-disk
44.95
/
32K EB - disk only/$29.95 VERBAL MATH PROBLEMS
Over 600 questions in 9 categories.
OPENINGllBANK ACCOUNT ;
32K - Disk Only - $24.95
. . . j^^iil!|rograms designed to in-
Makes learning science facts fun. PIZZA GAME troduce and provide practice in the
Game format, 1 or 2 players, teams. 32K EB - tape/$ 19-95 skills of filing out bank applications,
Grade 8 and up. Learn to locate coordinates on a deposit and withdrawal slips, and
* " ' "? uftn , fl ^Hi V grid. HI-RES text and graphics. computing bank account balances.
Loaded with graphic presentations.
Grades 3-6.
AREA & PERIMETER
AREA & PERIMETER
32K EB - tape/$19.95
e ■ • ? «r ■ > .."^ ' : ■ >■'' '.■>••■ ',■ ■ ■ &
IWoodml
Vnstiiuli
MP GAIV
hi *< are covered in this HI-RES te*t ; lil® +m *m f m
Sfe graphics program. iPft TT *|fl£|
32K - $19.95 tape/$24.95 disk
Hi-res. screen and graphics portray SALES & BARGAINS
SALES & BARGAINS
DOLLARS & SENSE
16K-Ext. - $14.95 tape/$19.95 disk
typical section of a street map. This 32K EB - tape/$19,95 Learn 10 make purchases. Graphic
le shows people's homes, the Learn to find the discounted price. displays of items kids love. Player
school, the park, etc. Questions on HI-RES text and beautiful graphics. bu V s 'terns using dollars and coins
how to get from one place to another}
are asked and the footsteps are
shown.
to practice using money correctly.
Solutions given.
II DISTANCE PROBLEMS McCOCO S MENU
32K EB - tape/$19,95 16K-Ext. - $14.95 tape/$ 19.95 disk
Moving graphics and text combines America's favorite pastime-going out
drills on a Hi-RES screen. Rate x Time = to eat. Learn to buy and add up your
ents Distance in all its forms. B|| purchases from a typical fast food
Is, Naming Compounds,' restaurant menu. Gain skill in using
th innc and Raianrinn -Pni money. Different prices each time,
in Ions, and Balancing Equa- m
I
US; CHEMISTRY TUTOR
32K - disk only - $29.95
A hi-res. 4 part program that
Iflgh school students in Elerp||i^
Symbo
Common
tions. Correct answer given aft£r|p1n
correct responses. A valuable tool for
studying chemistry. ;3|§
5 LIGHTPEN PROGRAMS
32 K EB - $44.95
Five menu driven educational pro-
grams designed for children in grade
1 and 2, and special educational
students. Basic addition, basic
multiplication, shape series mat-
ching, number series matching and
word rhyming are included. All on a
HI-RES screen, with graphics. User
need only to use the light pen to
\Ji operate the programs (LIGHT PEN
/ INCLUDED)
Wo!
If if #ts
PiS^ ATTENTION ■ m
TANDY 1000 USERS
NOW AVAILABLE! EACH $34.95
4 of our most effective math pro-
grams have been converted for use
|n the popular Tandy 1000.
1 . OPENING A BANK ACCOUNT
2. COMPARISON SHOPPING
3 DISTANCE PROBLEMS
ell SALES AND BARGAINS
COCO WHEEL OF FORTUNE
32K - $19.95 tape/$24.95 disk
Hi-res. graphics and screen in this
version of the popular TV show. 1-6
players. Spin the wheel for points
and guess a letter to solve one of the
200 puzzles. Have fun while
lengthening LA skills.
COLORGRADE
32K - disk only - $29.95
An easy to use classroom grading
program. Keeps grades for up to 6
classes of up to 40 students per
class. Many options including
ft
■6 - lrf .'\- % -
* ■;S(5'h:; , 'V<.>
o class. Many options including
weighted averages and hard copy to
: : ; .-.\'^. : :.v pnnteiv/-;: ; . ; ^ v> v ■■
RAINBOW
CERTIFICATION
SEAL
Computeryrlsland
VISA
(718) 948-2748
Dept. R 227 Hampton Green, Staten Island, N.Y. 10312
Send for catalog with complete descriptions.
Please add 51.00 per order t. r josiage. N.Y. residents, please add proper tax. FREE set of BINARY DICE, including full directions, with
of 2 or more items.
Dealer Inquiries Invited.
TRS-80 Color Computer
All Payments in U.S. Funds.
52j3j3 PRINT@416,STRING$(32,CHR$(1
28) ) :PRINT@448,"ENTER 'ZZZ' IN A
CCOUNT TO END TRANSACTION ENTR
Y . " ; : PRINT @PP , " «• ; : RETURN
521J3 CLS : PRINT§128 , "I AM COMPLET
ING THE WRITING OF THE DETAIL T
RANSACTION FILE FOR I=N TO 13
5:WRITE #1,999,99,99, 99, J3j3j3j3 , j3j3j3
pflp . p0 , "XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX" , 1 : PU
T #l,I:NEXTI:CLOSE #1: CLOSE #2
522j3 CLS : PRINT© 128, "I AM POSTING
TRANSACTION TOTALS."
5300 OPEN "D", #1, 11 TRANS FLE/ DAT 11
,128
5302 1=0
5305 1=1+1
531J3 GET #1,1: INPUT # 1 , YEAR
5311 FOR N=l TO 12
5312 INPUT #1, TAMT (N)
5313 NEXT N
5315 IFCTOT(I)<>0 OR TTOT(I)O0T
HENTAMT (MO) =TAMT (MO) -CTOT(I) +TTO
T(I)
5320 WRITE #1, YEAR: FOR N=l TO 12
:WRITE #1, TAMT (N) :NEXTN: PUT #1,1
5330 IF 1=100 THEN 5340 ELSE 530
5
5340 CLOSE #1
5345 FORI=1TO100:TTOT(I)=0:CTOT(
I ) =0 : NEXTI : F0RI=1T012 : TAMT ( I ) =0 :
NEXT I
5350 GOTO5000
5400 CLS:IFCSW=2 OR SW=2 THENRET
URNELSEPRINT@128 , "I AM LOADING A
CCOUNT DESCRIPTIONS . "
; :FORI=1TO100:GET #2, I: INPUT #2,
DA$ (I) : NEXTI : RETURN
5500 CLS : PRINT@128 , "WHICH MONTH'
S TRANSACTIONS NEED CHANGING (99
FOR MAIN MENU) " ; : INPUTA: IFA=99T
HEN160ELSEIFA<1ORA>12THEN5500ELS
E5510
5510 MO=A:CSW=l:GOTO5005
5520 OPEN "D",#1,FLE$,51
5522 CLS : PRINT@12 8 , "WHAT IS THE
RECORD NUMBER OF THETRANSACTION
YOU WISH TO CHANGE (999 FOR RET
URN TO MENU) " ; : INPUTRNO : IFRNO=99
9THEN5560ELSEIFRNO<1ORRNO>135THE
N5522ELSE5525
5525 GET #l,RNO: INPUT #l,ACNO,MO
, DA, YR, CHK , AMT , PRP $ , PST : IFACNO=9
99THEN5610ELSEIFISW=1THEN5750ELS
EIFDSW=1THEN5950ELSECLS : PRINT"CH
ANGES FOR " ; MO$ (MO ) ; " , " ; YEAR : PRI
NT@32,STRING$(32,CHR$(128) )
5526 PRINT@64 , "RECORD NUM. " ;RN
0
J & R NOW HAS 51 2K
EASY SOLDERLESS INSTALLATION
Includes 35/40 TRACK RS RAM DISK • 0S9 RAM DISK
(Compatible with RSDOS, JDOS and ADOS)
THE 51 2K RAM "BANKER" ... See 256K Featured in Sept. '85 Hot Coco!
PCOPY 134
BANKRPAG
35/40TRK
RAM DISK
256K/512K
MEMORY TEST
PAGE 8X32K
0S9BTF1X
40TRK SINGLE
SWAP
MULTIPLE COPY DISK BACKUP
32K TO 192K PRINT SPOOLER
Wf*
J&R proudly announces the "BANKER", a 51 2K internal board for
COCO I or COCO II that can be upgraded to 32K/64K with the addi-
vv ~ t ' on °* type (8 each) memory chips, socketed SAM and memory
chips. SAM and memory chips must be socketed for solderless installa-
tion. Those who have computers with 26-31 XX and later model numbers call or write for
information. The "BANKER" installs in the SAM (6883/74LS785) socket. The "BANKER"
works with COLOR BASIC, EXTENDED BASIC, and DISK EX- _ f e£
TENDED BASIC (JDOS and ADOS), Cassette or Disk systems. *
The "BANKER" was designed to be compatible with ALL hard- -a* (R
ware and absolutely compatible with any 64K software or hard- \H *^
ware addressing.
(256K VERSION SHOWN)
RAM DISK WITH TELEWRITER-64
35/40 TRACK 0S9 RAM DISK
★ ★ ★ ★ ★ INTRODUCTORY SPECIALS ★ ★ ★ ★ ★
S 34.95 BARE-BOARD (ETCHED & DRILLED), SOFTWARE and DOCUMENTATION
J 64.95 BARE-BOARD + PARTS, SOFTWARE and DOCUMENTATION (NO MEMORY CHIPS)
$ 79.95 ASSEMBLED & TESTED BOARD, SOFTWARE and DOCUMENTATION (NO MEMORY CHIPS)
$149.95 ASSEMBLED & TESTED BOARD, MEMORY CHIPS, SOFTWARE and DOCUMENTATION
$ 3.00 LONG PIN SOCKET (for BARE-BOARD)
J&R ELECTRONICS
P.O. BOX 2572 • COLUMBIA, MD 21045
Hours: Sat. Noon-5 pm EST; Weekdays 7 pm-9 pm EST
Phone (301) 987-9067 or (301) 788-0861
Add $3.00 Shipping & Handling (FOREIGN ORDERS ADD $7.00) plus COD charge (if any). Maryland
Residents Add 5% State Tax. CHECKS, MONEY ORDERS OR GOES urfty fJtwsse '(persond/ -tfrwdfcs
- 2 weeks for clearance). IMMEDIATE DELIVERY. Give COCO Radio Shack model If (i.e. 26-3136),
Disk or Tape when ordering. QUANTITY DISCOUNT AVAILABLE, write us (include SASE please).
We value your patronage, most upgrades will be at a nominal fee, customer returns original disk/tape
and pays shipping and handling.
For information on shipping or previously placed orders call (301) 78&-0681.
138
THE RAINBOW March 1966
5527 PRINT@128 , "ACCOUNT .... " ; A
CNO
5529 PRINT@16j3, "DATE (DA) . . . ";D
A
5531 PRINT@192, "TRANS. I.D. ";C
HK
5533 PRINT§224, "AMOUNT ";:
PRINT© 23 7 , USING" ##,### . ##-" ;AMT
5535 PRINT@256, "DESCRIPTION " ; P
RP$
5536 IFDSW=1THEN5960ELSE5537
5537 PRINT@384,STRING$(32,CHR$(1
28) ) : PRINT@416 , "IS THIS THE TRAN
SACTION YOU WISHTO CHANGE ";: INPU
TA$:IF A$="Y" THEN 558J3 ELSE IF
A$="N" THEN 557j3 ELSE 5537
5550 CLS:PRINT@128, "TRANSACTIONS
FOR THE MONTH YOU ENTERED ARE
NOT ON FILE. PLEASE ENTER A DIFF
ERENT MONTH. ":FORI=lTO 3j3j3j3:NEXT
I:IFISW=lTHEN57j3j3ELSEG0T055j3j3
556j3 CLOSE #l:GOTO5)8j80
5570 CLOSE #l:GOT0552j3
5580 CTOT(ACNO)=CTOT(ACNO)+AMT:0
PEN "D", #2, "CHRTACCT/DAT" , 30: GO
SUB5400
5590 N=RNO: CSW=2 : CLS : PRINT "CHANG
ES FOR " ;MO$ (MO) ; " , " ; YEAR: PRINT §
32,STRING$(32 / CHR$(128) ) :GOTO504
I 5
One-Liner Contest Winner , m .
These two programs convert between EIA resistor
color codes and resistance values. The first converts
band colors to the value; the second takes a value and
gives the three color bands.
The listings:
1 PRINT : DIMA ( 12 ) , B ( 3) : A ( 1 ) =2 : A ( 2
)=3:A(3)=4:A(4)=7:A(5)=9:A(6)=1:
A ( 8 ) =5 : A ( 10 ) =6 : A ( 12 ) =8 : S $="ROYVW
BNGNBEGY " : F0RI=1T03 : PRINT "ENTER
COLOR BAND"; I; : INPUTA$ ; B ( I ) =A ( IN
STR(S$,A$) ) : NEXT: PRINT "RES I STANC
E IS" ; INT ( B ( 1 ) *10 A ( B ( 3 ) +1) +B ( 2 ) *
10 A B ( 3 ) ) ; " OHMS " : RUN
1 DIMA$(9) :A$(0)="BK":A$(1)="BN"
: A$ ( 2 ) ="R" : A$ (3) ="0" : A$ (4) ="Y" : A
$ (5) ="GN" : A$ (6) ="BE" : A$ (7) =" V" : A
$ ( 8 ) ="GY" : A$ ( 9 ) ="W" : PRINT"RESIST
ANCE " ; : INPUTD: C=INT (LOG (D) /LOG (
10 ) ) : IFC=0THENP=1ELSEP=C : IFO0TH
ENC=C-1
2 D=D/10 A P+.01:A=INT(D) :B=(D-A) *
10 : PRINT " COLOR CODE - «;A$(A);"
";A$(B) ;" ";A$(C) : PRINT : RUN
Kurt Stefans
Roselle, IL
(For these winning one-liner contest entries, the author has been sent copies
of both The Second Rainbow Book Of Adventures and its companion The
Second Rainbow Adventures Tape.)
5600 CLOSE #1: CLOSE #2: CLS: PRINT
@128,"DO YOU WISH TO MAKE MORE
CHANGES FOR THIS MONTH"; :I
NPUTA$ : IFA$="Y"THEN 5520 ELSE IF
A$="N" THEN 5220 ELSE 5600
5610 IFISW=1THEN5760ELSEPRINT@32
0 / l, THE ABOVE RECORD NUMBER IS NO
T ON FILE. PLEASE ENTER ANOTHER
NUMBER . 11 ; : F0RI=1T03 000 : NEXTI :
IFDSW=1THEN5930ELSE5522
5700 SW=0 : CLS :PRINT@128, "WHICH M
ONTH'S TRANSACTIONS NEED AN ADDI
TION (99 FOR MAIN MENU) 11 ; : INPUTM
O:IFMO=99THEN160ELSEIFMO<1ORMO>1
2THEN5700ELSE5710
5710 A=MO:ISW=1:GOTO5005
5720 A=M0:ISW=1:0PEN "D" , #1, FLE$
,51
5730 CLS:PRINT@128, "WHAT IS THE
RECORD NUMBER YOU WISH TO ADD
(999 FOR RETURN TO MENU)";: INPU
TRNO : I FRNO= 999 THEN5 5 60ELSEI FRNO<
10R RNO > 135 THEN5 7 3.0ELSE5 7 40
5740 GOT05525
5750 PRINT@320, "RECORD NUMBER AL
READY ON FILE, PLEASE ENTER ANO
THER NUMBER . " ; : FORI=1TO3000 : NEXT
I:GOTO5730
5760 MO=A:N=RNO:OPEN "D" / #2 / "CHR
TACCT/DAT" , 30 : GOSUB5400 : CLS : PRIN
One- Liner Contest Winner . .
The first program lets you type in the price of a car,
the interest rate and number of payments to get the
amount of each payment; the second takes the
payment amount, interest rate and number of pay-
ments and gives you the pay-off balance.
The listings:
I CLS : PRINT© 10 , "CAR PAYMENT" : INP
UT"BAL" ; A: INPUT "ANNUAL INTEREST
RATE" ;B: INPUT "NUMBER OF PAYMENTS
";C:D=A/( (l-( (1+((B/12)/100) )*(-
C) ) )/( (B/12) /100) ) : PRINT "PAYMENT
S WILL BE $";:PRINTUSING"#####.#
#" ;D: IN PUT "ANOTHER (Y/N) " ;A$ : IFL
EFT$ (A$ , 1) ="Y"THEN1ELSEEND
2 CLS: INPUT "AMOUNT OF PAYMENT"; A
: INPUT "ANNUAL INTEREST RATE" ; B: I
NPUT " NUMBER OF PAYMENTS LEFT" ;C:
E=A*((1-((1+((B/12)/100) )*(-C)))
/( (B/12) /100) ) : PRINT "PAYOFF BALA
NCE $ » ; : PRINTUSING" #####■##.##»■; E
; INPUT "ANOTHER (Y/N)";A$:IF LEFT
$ (A$ , 1) = " Y " THEN2 ELSEEND
Charles Stauber
Great Lakes, IL
(For these winning one-liner contest entries, the author has been sent copies j
of bath The Second Rainbow Book Of Adventures and its companion The
Second Rainbow Adventures Tape.)
March 1986 THE RAINBOW 139
T"ADDITIONS FOR " ;MO$ (MO) ; " , 11 ; YE
AR:PRINT@32,STRING$(32,CHR$(128)
) :SW=2 :GOTO5045
5770 CLOSE #1: CLOSE #2:CLS:PRINT
@128,"DO YOU WISH TO ADD MORE
TRANSACTIONS TO THIS MONTH
" ; : INPUTA$ ; IFA$="Y"THEN5720ELSEI
FA$="N"THEN52 2j3ELSE577j3
5900 CLS: PRINT© 12 8, "WHICH MONTH'
S TRANSACTIONS NEED AN ITEM DELE
TED (99 FOR RETURN TO MENU)" ; : I
NPUTA: IFA=99THEN16j3ELSEIFA<j3 OR
A> 1 2 THEN 5 9 0 0 E LS E 5 9 1 0
5910 DSW=l:MO=A:GOT05j3j35
5920 DSW=l:MO=A:OPEN "D",#1 / FLE$
,51
5930 CLS:PRINT@128, "WHAT IS THE
RECORD NUMBER YOU WISH TO DELE
TE (999 FOR RETURN TO MENU)";:I
NPUTRNO : IFRNO=9 9 9THEN5 5 60ELSEIFR
N0<1 OR RNO135THEN5930ELSE5940
5940 GOT05525
5950 CLS: PRINT" DELETIONS FOR ";M
0$ (MO) ; " , 11 ; YEAR : PRINT@ 3 2 , STRING $
(32,CHR$ (12 8) ) :GOT05526
5960 PRINT@384,STRING$ (32,CHR$ (1
28) ) :PRINT@416, "IS THIS THE TRAN
SACTION YOU WISHTO DELETE" ;: INPU
TA$:IF A$="Y"THEN598J3 ELSE IF A$
="N" THEN5930 ELSE5536
5980 CTOT(ACNO)=CTOT(ACNO)+AMT:N
=RNO : ACNO= 999: AMT=0 :G0T05145
5990 CLS : PRINT@128 , "DO YOU WISH
TO DELETE MORE TRANSACTIONS
FOR THIS MONTH"; :INPUTA$:IFA$="
Y"THEN5930ELSEIFA$="N"THEN5995EL
SE5990
5995 CLOSE#1:GOTO5220
6000 BSW=1:GOTO3 60
6010 BSW=0:GOTO3270
7000 DLSW=1 : CLS : PRINT@128 , "WHICH
MONTH'S BUDGET DO YOU WISHTO DI
SPLAY" ; : INPUTA: IFA<1ORA>12THEN70
00
7010 GOSUB11950:GOSUB11980
7015 SUMBUD=0:FORI=1TO100 STEP4
7017 PRINT @ 4 80 , "======SEARCHING
FOR DATA. ======"
7020 CLS: IF SW8=1 THEN 7080 ELSE
PRINT@0, "BUDGET FOR ";MO$(MO);Y
EAR: PRINT STRING$(32,"-")
7035 PRSW=0:FOR X=I TO 1+3: IF MI
D$(DA$(X) ,1,5)="XXXXX" OR CTOT(X
)=0 THEN 7036 ELSE PRINT DA$(X):
PRINT USING"% %###%%$###,###.##
-" ; "ACT " ; X ; " " ; CTOT (X) : PRINT : P
Authorized Star Mlcronlcs Service Center * Call for return authorization number.
THE WAITING IS OVER!
THE SUPER COSMOS CONNECTION
SERIAL TO PARALLEL CONVERTER WITH BUFFER!
YOU JUST CANT BUY A BETTER
SERIAL/PARALLEL CONVERTER!
ORDER YOURS TODAY
- 8K SUPER COSMOS CONNECTION
ONLY $129.95
• SERIAL TO PARALLEL CONVERSION
• 110 TO 19,200 BAUD, 7 OR 8 BIT
• 8K BYTES STANDARD BUFFER
(USER EXPANDABLE TO 32K IN 8K STEPS)
• COPY/CLEAR, LED PUSH BUTTON (MULTIPLE COPIES)
• MODEM SWITCH AND ALL CABLES
• COMPLETE WITH POWER PAK AND SIMPLE INSTRUCTIONS
• WORKS WITH ANY PARALLEL PRINTER OR YOUR MONEY BACK
• HIGHEST QUALITY CONSTRUCTION, TWO-YEAR WARRANTY
IF YOU'D RATHER BE USING YOUR COMPUTER THAN WAITING
FOR YOUR PRINTER ..... THE WAIT IS OVER.
8K RAM CHIP SOLD SEPARATELY - $15.95 each
3 FOR $42.95
16K VERSION -$144.95
24K VERSION -$154.95
32K VERSION -$169.95
TEST RESULTS: (19,056 BYTE PROGRAM
LISTING AT 9600 BAUD.)
32K SUPER COS-CON
36.8 Seconds
OTHER INTERFACE
4 min. 59.8 sec.
8K SUPER COSMOS CONNECTION
AND STAR SG-10 PRINTER
$379.00 Package S&H Included!
NO SURCHARGE FOR
CREDIT CARDS
SG-10 Package with Regular CosCon
Still Available Now at $289.00
Shipping Included!
APPLE IIC VERSION AVAILABLE
Dealer Inquiries on Company Letterhead invited.
140 THE RAINBOW March 1986
RSW=1 : SUMBUD=SUMBUD+CTOT (X)
7)336 NEXTX:IF PRSW <> 1 THEN 7j34
5 ELSE PRINT@48j3, "PRESS <ENTER>
TO CONTINUE.";:
7)34)3 IK$=INKEY$:IF IK$ <> CHR$(1
3) THEN 7)34)3
7)345 NEXTI:CLS:IF SW8=1 THEN 7)35
)3 ELSE PRINT 11 BUDGET FOR ";MO$(MO
) ; YEAR :GOT07)3 6)3
7j35j3 PRINT "ACTUAL FOR ";MO$(MO)
;YEAR
7)36)3 PRINT STRING$ (32 , "-") :SW8=)3
: PRINT USING "% %$###,###
. ##-" ; "TOTAL — > " ; SUMBUD : SUMBUD
-p : PRINT@48)3 , "PRESS <ENTER> TO C
ONTINUE . " ; :
7)365 IK$=INKEY$:IF IK$ <> CHR$(1
3) THEN 7)365 ELSE 16)3
7) 38J3 PRINT@)3 , "ACTUAL FOR ";MO$(M
0) ; YEAR: PRINT STRING$ (32 , "-") :G0
T07)335
8) 3)3)3 DLSW=1 : SW8=1 : CLS : PRINT@128 ,
"WHICH MONTH'S ACTUAL DATA DO YO
UWISH TO DISPLAY" ; : INPUTA: IFA<10
RA>12THEN8)3)3)3
8)31)3 GOSUB1196)3:GOSUB1195)3:GOSUB
119 8 5 : F0RI=1T01)3)3 : CTOT ( I ) =TT)3T ( I
) :NEXTI:GOT07)315
899)3 CLS: PRINT"********* SELECTI
ONS *********": PRINT: PRINT" 1) DI
SPLAY A MONTH": PRINT: PRINT" 2) DI
SPLAY YEAR-TO-DATE" : PRINT : PRINT"
3) RETURN TO MAIN MENU" : PRINT : PR
INT" ";:INPUTA:ON A GOTO 8995,9)3
)3)3, 16)3, 899)3
8995 CLS: PRINT© 12 8, "WHICH MONTH 1
S ACTUAL VS. BUDGET DO YOU WISH
TO DISPLAY" ; : INPUTA: IFA<)30RA>12T
HEN8995ELSE9)31)3
9)3)3)3 YRSW=1:DLSW=1:CLS:PRINT@128
, "ENTER MONTH FOR WHICH YOU WISH
TO DISPLAY YEAR TO DATE THROUG
H " ; : INPUTA: IFA<10RA>12THEN9)3)3)3
9)31)3 G0SUB1196J3:G0SUB1195)3:G0SUB
11985 :GOSUB1198)3
9)32)3 A=)3:B=)3:F0RI=1T01)3)3 STEP 4
9)323 PRINT@48)3 , "======SEARCHING
FOR DATA. ======" ; :
9)324 IF YRSW=1 THEN 9)325 ELSE 9)3
27
9)325 IF YRSW <> 1 THEN 9)327 ELSE
CLS : PRINT@)3 , "ACTUAL VS. BUDGET"
: PRINT "THRU ";MO$(MO) ; YEAR: PRINT
STRING$ (31,"-"): GOT09)3 3 )3
9)327 CLS : PRINT@j3 , "ACTUAL VS. BUD
GET" : PRINT MO $ (MO) ; YEAR: PRINT ST
WE'VE CHOSEN THE BEST OF OVER 400 PROGRAMS AND
PACKAGED THEM FOR YOU! 10 TO 12 PROGRAMS EACH
PACKAGE. COLOR COMPUTER ONLY
#1 Home Management
Budget
Checkbook Balancer
Cost of Living
Tinycatc
Electronic Datebook
Account Manager
Stock Market
Word Processor
Lottery Analyst
Coco Database
Coco Terminal
Bartender
#4 Adventures
Treasures of Barsoom
Killer Mansion
College Adventure
Coco-Terrestrial
Escape
Zector
Skid Row
Quest
Naughide
Haunted House
#2 Utility 1
Cassette Merge
Coco Monitor
Tape Analysis
ML to Data
High Text Mod.
High Text
Program Packer
Easy Basic
Key Repeat
Full Screen Editor
Romcopy
Basicram
#5 Games
#3 Machine Language Tutorial
Basic Compiler
ML Tutorial L8
(9 Programs)
MLT Dictionary
Coco Technicol Look Pt 1-3
#6 Utilities II
Trek
Galactic Conquest
Warlords
The Power Sword
Steps
Robot Bomber
Force Field
Rat Attack
Caterpillar Cave
Meteor
Some of these programs above
can sell for $29.95 each
Disk Dir Prat
Dir. Pack & Sort
DiskZapper
RollOut
Doss Boss
Disk Backup
51 '24 Editor
51*24 Screen
Autocopy
Fastsort
I/O Error Ignorer
Text Screen Print
VISA
RAINBOW
CERTIFICATION
KM.
$ 29 95 each
TAPE OR DISK
★ ★ SPECIAL
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BUY 4 OR MORE SAVE 20%
THE GREATEST SOFTWARE
DEAL ON EARTH!
GET 12 DISKS OR TAPES A YEAR CONTAINING OVER 120 QUALITY PRO-
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NO, WE ARE NOT THE SAME AS THE RAINBOW ON TAPE. IN FACT, MANY
SUBSCRIBERS HAVE WRITTEN IN AND SAID THAT WE ARE MUCH BETTER
THAN RAINBOW ON TAPE!
PRICES
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6. THE GREAT CHASE
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8. SLOT MACHINE GIVE AWAY
9. TEXT BUFFER
10. TUNNEL RUN
RAINBOW
CfltTVlCATION
r i
■ MasterCard!
T&D SUBSCRIPTION SOFTWARE, P.O. BOX 256C, HOLLAND, Ml 49423 (616) 396-7577
March 1986 THE RAINBOW 141
RING$(31, "-")
9030 PRSW=0:FOR X=I TO 1+3 : IF MI
D$(DA$(X) / l / 5)= ,, XXXXX ,, OR CTOT(X
)=)3 AND TTOT(X)=)3 THEN 9033 ELSE
PRINT DA$(X):PRINT USING"% %###
,###.##-% %###,###.##-"; "A) ";
TTOT(X);" B) ";CTOT(X)
9031 A=A+TTOT(X) :B=B+CTOT(X) :PRS
W=l : CTR1=CTR1+A: CTR2=CTR2+B
9033 NEXTX:IF PRSW <> 1 THEN 9)34
5 ELSE PRINT0480, "PRESS <ENTER>
TO CONTINUE.";:
9040 IK$=INKEY$ : IF IK$ <> CHR$(1
3) THEN 9)34 0
9)345 NEXTI:IF YRSW <> 1 THEN 9)34
7 ELSE CLS: PRINT "ACTUAL VS. BUDG
ET" : PRINT 11 THRU 11 ;MO$ (MO) ; YEAR: PR
INT STRING$(31,"-") : PRINT : GOT09)3
50
9)347 CLS : PRINT "ACTUAL VS. BUDGET
" : PRINT MO$ (MO) ; YEAR: PRINT STRIN
G$(31 / "-") : PRINT
9)35)3 YRSW=)3: PRINT" TO
TALS": PRINT: PRINT USING" % %###,#
##.##-% %###,###. ##-";"A) »;A;
" B) ";B:A=0:B=0:PRINT@48)3,"PRE
SS <ENTER> TO CONTINUE";:
9) 355 IK$=INKEY$ : IF IK$ <> CHR$(1
3) THEN 9)355 ELSE 16)3
10) 3)30 CLS:PRINT"***********SELEC
TIONS***********" :PRINT"1) DISPL
AY ALL ACCOUNT DESCR
IPTIONS": PRINT: PRINT" 2) DISPLAY
SINGLE ACCOUNT DESCRIPT
ION" :
1)3)3)32 PRINT: PRINT" 3) RETURN TO M
AIN MENU": PRINT: PRINT" " ; : INPUTA
:ON A GOSUB 1)3)31)3, 1)35)3)3, 16)3: GOTO
1)3)3)3)3
1)3)31)3 RC=l:GOT04)31)3
1)35)3)3 CLS:OPEN "D" , #1, "CHRTACCT/
DAT", 3)3
1)351)3 CLS: PRINTS 12 8, "ENTER ACCOU
NT NUMBER YOU WISH TO DISPLAY"
;:INPUTAC:IF AC<0 OR AO 1)3)3 THEN
1)351)3
1)352)3 RC=1:GOTO4520
1)353)3 RC=)3: CLOSE #1
10540 PRINT© 4 16, "ENTER <R> TO RE
TURN TO MAIN MENU . " ; : INPUTA$
10550 IF A$="R" GOTO 160
10560 GOTO 1)354)3
11000 CLS: PRINT© 12 8, "I AM LOADIN
G THE PROGRAM FOR THEREPORT GENE
RATOR. " : RUN"REPTGENR"
117J30 CLS : PRINT© 96," THE 1ST PRIN
T LINE SHOULD BE ABOUT 3/4 IN
CHES FROM THE TOP OF PAPER. PL
EASE ALIGN. WHEN PAPER IS ALI
GNED PROPERLY TYPE <YES> IN RES
PONSE TO QUESTION . " : PRINT : PRINT"
IS PRINTER READY" ; : INPUTA$ : IFA$=
ii YES " THENRETURNELS E 1 17 0 0
11800 1=1 : LC=0 : CLS : PRINT@98 , "PRI
NTING CHART OF ACCOUNTS .": OPEN "
D" , #1, "CHRTACCT/ DAT" , 30
1181) 3 PRINT#-2," ACT <
— D ESCRIPTIO N — >":PRIN
T#— 2 :
1182) 3 GET#1,I:INPUT #1,DESC$:D$=
MID$ (DESC$, 1, 5) : IFD$="XXXXX"THEN
11825ELSEPRINT#-2, USING"%
%###%%%
% " ; " " ; I ; " " ; DES
C$ : LC=LC+1 : 1=1+1 : IFLC=50THENGOSU
B1188)3ELSEIFI=1)31THEN1189)3ELSE11
820
11825 1=1+1 :IFI=1)31THEN1189)3ELSE
1182) 3
1183) 3 GOT01181)3
1188) 3 F0RX=1T014 : PRINT#-2 : NEXTX:
LC=0 : RETURN
1189) 3 FOR X=LC TO 63 : PRINT#-2 : NE
XTX: LC=0 : CLOSE* 1 : GOT016)3
11900 GET #1,1: INPUT #l,ACNO,MO,
DA, YR, CHK , AMT , PRP$ , PST : RETURN
1191)3 PRINT#-2 :LC=LC+1:IFLC=59TH
EN16)3ELSE1191)3
11950 CLS: PRINT© 9 6, "ONE MOMENT P
LEASE, I AM LOADING ACCOUNT DESC
RIPTIONS . " : OPEN "D" , #1 , "CHRTACCT
/DAT" , 30 : FORI=1TO100 : GET #1 , 1 : IN
PUT #1,DESC$:DA$ (I)=DESC$:NEXTI:
CLOSE #1: RETURN
1196) 3 CLS: PRINT© 12 8, "I AM CHECKI
NG TO SEE IF THE DATAFOR THE MON
TH YOU SELECTED IS ONFILE . " : MO=A
: OPEN "D" , #1, " FI LENAME/ DAT " , 2 1 : F
0RI=1T012:GET #1,1: INPUT # 1 , YEAR
, FLE$ : FL$ (I)=FLE$:NEXTI:CLOSE#l
11965 IF FL$(MO) = "ZZZZZZZZ/ZZZ
" THEN 1197)3 ELSE RETURN
1197) 3 PRINT: PRINT "DATA FOR THE M
ONTH YOU ENTERED IS NOT ON FILE
. I AM RETURNING TO MENU.": FORT
=1T03)3)3)3:NEXT T:IF DLSW=1 THEN 1
2030 ELSE 11000
11980 MO=A : CLS : PRINT© 9 8 , " I AM LO
ADING BUDGET DATA.": OPEN "D" ,#1,
"BUDGET/DAT" , 128 : FORI=1TO100 : GET
#1,1: INPUT #1,YEAR:F0RX=1T012:I
NPUT #1,BAMT(X) : NEXTX: IF YRSW=1
THEN11982ELSECTOT(I)=BAMT(MO)
11981 NEXTI:CLOSE#l: RETURN
11982 FOR 11=1 TO MO : CTOT ( I ) =CTO
T (I ) +BAMT (II) :NEXT II:GOT011981
11985 CLS: PRINT© 9 6, "I AM LOADING
ACTUAL DATA . » : OPEN " D" , # 1 , "TRAN
142 THE RAINBOW March 1986
PAPER ROUTE
SCORE
XI HEME*
X f /////
X 1 ///
As a paper boy, you ride your bike along your
route delivering papers to your customers.
Break customers' windows or damage their
property and they will cancel their
subscriptions! Earn bonus points by damaging
non-subscribers' property. Avoid pedestrians,
cars, and maybe even a mad dog in your
attempt to deliver all your papers! Detailed
graphics and lots of surprises make this game a
real challenge for everyone.
64 k and joystick required $28.95 u s
tape or disk $38.95 ca.
KA RA TE
Ml
Challenge the computer, or a friend to a Karate
match! In this game, you will use various Karate
punches and kicks to knock your opponent down
and earn points to win the match. When challeng-
ing the computer, your opponent's Karate skills
increase as you win matches. This game is a
challenge for even the expert game player.
64 k and joystick required $28.95 u s
tape or disk t«A«Hr
%00.?a Can
MARBLE MAZE
Move your marble around the mazes
in your search for the finish line!
Avoid the marble eaters, acid puddles
and other creatures that inhabit the
mazes. Avoid falling into holes or off
the edges of the maze. Eight different
levels and great graphics make this
game a must for your collection.
Congratulations to the contest
winners!
64 k and joystick required
tape or disk $28.95 U.S.
$38.95 Can.
KNOCK OUT
mm
t * * 5BSS
urns, mmm
mm mmm
Fight against five different boxers in this great boxing game! At first the boxers are easy
to knock out, but beware, it gets harder as you move on. The boxers are out to stop you
in your quest to become champion of the world. But once you become champion your
task is not over. You will then have to defend your title against those trying to regain the
championship from you. Outstanding graphics make this a must for your collection!
64 k required
tape or disk $28.95 U.S. $38.95 Car?.
6715 FIFTH LINE, MILTON, ONT., CANADA L9T 2X8
We accept:
24 hr. order line:
(416) 878-8358
personal service 9-5
cheque or money order
Please add $2 for shipping
& handling. Ontario
residents add 7% sales tax.
Dealer inquiries invited
Looking for new software
PRICKLY- PEAR SOFTWARE
QUALITY PROGRAMS FOR YOUR COCO ft TDP-100
PROGRAMS REQUIRE 16K EXTENDED BASIC FOR TAPE, AND 32K DISK UNLESS OTHERWISE NOTED.
HALL OF THE KING - ^
This program combines all the things you look for in a great
two disk graphics adventure program. The H i-Res graphics
are superbly done. The text portion of the screen and the
graphics change quickly as you move through the HALL
OF THE KING. You can move freely from one portion of
the adventure to another. Call up your inventory at any
time. You can even save or load a game at AN Y time. HALL
OF THE KING will challenge even the most seasoned
adventurer.
In an age long past, a dwarven race lived in their mountain
home. They were forced to flee under threat of destruction
leaving behind their most powerful possession, the Earth-
stone. As a prominent adventurer, you will be asked to
undertake a perilous quest, the recovery of the Earthstone!
This is your FIRST adventure in the search for what is
deemed to have been the cornerstone of the legendary
power of the dwarves.
HALL OF THE KING requires 64K EB and one disk drive.
This exciting two disk adventure comes packaged in a
vinyl library case. $39.95
WARP FACTOR X
If you have been waiting foragame for yourcolor computer
that has everything, your wait is over. WARP FACTOR X is
here. This all graphics simulation game requires strategy,
fast thinking, an eye for detail, and above all experience in
knowing the capabilities of your starship and its computer.
You will begin your adventure into space as a cadet but
your ultimate goal is to become Captain of the Enterprise.
To do this you must neutralize the enemy planets and
eliminate the Klingon starbases along with the Klingons
themselves.The Klingon is not a" Robot." He has the same
capabilities as your starship but he is also subject to the
same problems. You will find that he is inclined to move
around while you are attacking him and may even chase
you when you find it prudent to retreat. You must form
alliances with neutral planets and bring them into the
federation. Many of the planets will have special resources
which will help the federation.
WARP FACTOR X was written by an engineer for the
Kennedy Space Center and has been three years in the
making. You will appreciate the attention to detail and
complex inner workings of the program. The program is
supported by eight pages of documentation important to
the success of your mission. Your progress through the
eighteen sectors of the galaxy will be recorded and saved
for your next adventure into space. WARP FACTOR X
includes versions for 32K, 64K, and COCO 2. It requires
one disk drive and comes packaged in a vinyl library case.
$34.95
DARKMOOR HOLD
You and yourcomrades will explore the levelsof Darkmoor
Hold in an effort to gain great riches and defeat the dark
wizard. The Wizard will soon realize the threat you pose
and the many monsters you meet and battle will become
stronger and more powerful as you move through the 10
levels of Darkmoor. A keen eye will help you find weapons
and armor to aid your battle along with treasures for you to
keep. Your party consists of a Dwarf, an Elf, and you, the
Human, each with their own special attributes. The
weapons, armor and treasure are placed randomly in each
level to provide a new challenge each time you play. You
may also save the game you are playing since defeating
the evil Wizard is not an easy task. It has great graphics
and an impressive text screen to give you more fun than a
barrel of elves. Requires 64KEB and 1 disk drive. $29.95
FAMILY-TREE
FAMILY-TREE is a sophiticated program that can help
organize your families' history. Whether you are new to
genealogy or an experienced genealogist you will find
FAMILY-TREE of great assistance. It is specifically designed
to organize family relationships and supply information on
each person. Information can be listed on the screen or
printer even a pedigree chart listing up to 4 generations.
Records can be altered or deleted and additions made
quickly and easily. Each file can contain over 1 60 names
and, of course, ypu can have files for every branch of the
family. Smaller files can be combined. There is even a help
file on the disk version. Requires 64K. TAPE — $24.95;
DISK - $29.95
SUPER ASTROLOGY
Everything our customers have written and asked for in an
astrology program is here! This all new program by a new
author gives accuracy to two minutes of arc or better, and
you can choose from Tropical or Sideral zodiacs, Geo-
centric or Heliocentric charts, and FIVE different house
systems — Placidus, Koch, Campanus, Equal, and Regio-
montanus. You can specify the orb for aspects, find any
harmonic, and output the complete natal horoscope listing
to the screen or printer. This program comes with complete
and easy to follow instructions and a suggested reading
list to aid in interpretation. The planetary routines and
values in this program are Copyright by Matrix Software —
the industry leader in astrological programming — and are
used by permission. Don't settle for a lesser quality astrol-
ogy program. Needs 32K Extended. B & ML. Tape —
$24.95; Disk - $29.95
POLICY ON PROTECTION - We
believe our customers are honest
— all of our software can be
backed up using standard back-
up procedures.
Your personal check is welcome
— no delay. Include $1.50 ship-
ping for each order. AZ residents
add 5% sales tax. Orders shipped
within two days.
Dealer and author inquiries are
always welcome. Canadian deal-
ers should contact Kelly Software
Distributors, Ltd., P.O. Box 1 1 932,
Edmonton, Alberta T5J-3L1 (403)
421-8003.
FOR QUESTIONS OR ORDE R STATUS CALL 602-749-2864
SEND FOR OUR FREE CATALOG OF
GREAT COCO PROGRAMS
Stocked by Quality Dealers, or
Send Order To PRICKLY-PEAR SOFTWARE
2640 N. Conestoga Ave.
Tucson, Arizona 85749
(602) 749-2864
SFLE/DAT" , 128 : FORI=1TO100 : GET#1 ,
I : INPUT# 1 , YEAR : FORX= 1T0 1 2 : INPUT #
1,TAMT(X) :YTOT(I)=YTOT(I)+TAMT(X
):NEXTX:IF YRSW=1 THEN11987ELSE
TTOT ( I ) =TAMT ( MO )
11986 NEXTI:CLOSE#l: RETURN
11987 FOR 11=1 TO MO: TTOT(I)=TT
OT ( I ) +TAMT (II) : NEXT II:GOT011986
12000 DLSW=1:CLS: PRINT"*********
SELECTIONS *********** ; PRINT: PR
INT"1) DELETE A MONTH'S TRANSACT
IONS" : PRINT" 2) DELETE A MONTH'S
BUDGET": PRINT: PRINT" 3) RETURN TO
MAIN MENU" : PRINT : PRINT" " ; : INPU
TA : IFA< 10RA> 3 THEN 1 2000
12001 ON A GOTO 12005,12200,160
12005 CLS : PRINT©128 , "WHICH MONTH
'S TRANSACTIONS DO YOU WISH TO
DELETE " ; : INPUTA: IFA<10RA>12THE
N12005ELSEGOSUB12007
12006 GOSUB11960:GOTO12010
12007 PRINT: PRINT "ARE YOU SURE (
ENTER <N> FOR RETURN TO MAIN
MENU OTHERWISE ENTER <Y> TO D
ELETE) ?";:
12008 IK$=INKEY$:IF IK$="N" THEN
16)3 ELSE IF IK$="Y" THEN RETURN
ELSE 12008
12010 DLSW=0 : CLS : PRINT© 12 8 , "I AM
DELETING DATA IN FILE": PRINT FL
$(MO) :KILL FL$(MO) : FL$ (MO) ="ZZZZ
Z Z Z Z/ Z Z Z " : OPEN "D" , #1 , " FI LENAME /
DAT" , 21: F0RI=1T012 : WRITE #1 , YEAR
,FL$(I) :PUT#l,I:NEXTI:CLOSE#l
12012 FLNM$="TRANSFLE/DAT"
12015 OPEN "D",#l,FLNM$,128:FORI
=1TO100 : GET#1 , 1 : INPUT #l,YEAR:FO
R N=l TO 12:INPUT #1 , TAMT (N) :NEX
TN
12020 TAMT (MO) =0: WRITE # 1 , YEAR : F
OR N=l TO 12:WRITE#1,TAMT(N) :NEX
TN:PUT #l,I:NEXTI:CLOSE #l:GOT01
60
12030 DLSW=0: GOTO 160
12200 CLS : PRINT© 12 8 , "WHICH MONTH
'S BUDGET DO YOU WISHTO DELETE "
; : INPUTA: IFA<1ORA>12THEN12200ELS
EGOSUB12007
12210 CLS : PRINT@128 , "I AM DELETI
NG BUDGET DATA. ": FLNM$=" BUDGET/ D
AT" : MO=A : GOTO120 15
13000 CLS : PRINT© 12 8 , "ARE YOU REA
DY TO BACKUP YOUR FILES (Y/N)
" ; : INPUTA$ : IFA$="N"THEN160ELSEIF
A$="Y"THEN13005ELSE13000
13005 CLS: PRINT© 12 8, "REMOVE DISK
ETTE AND WRITE PROTECT. I
NSERT WRITE PROTECTEDDISKETTE AN
D PRESS <R>."
13006 IK$=INKEY$: IF IK$="R"THEN1
3010ELSE13006
13010 CLS: PRINT ©12 8, "BACKING UP
FILES . " : BACKUP0 : END
18000 CLS J3: PRINT© 19 2, "SO LONG TI
LL NEXT TIME. MAY ALL YOUR EXPEN
SES BE SMALL.";
18010 END
11400
81
40
190
11500 .
...181
11115
....105
11600 .
...172
11145
52
11800 .
...177
11239
....102
11960 .
...193
11350
....207
END
...135
Listing 3: REPTGENR
0 PC LEAR 1
5 CLS0
6 PRINT" EXPENSE TRACKING & MANA
GEMENT"
12 PRINT@64,STRING$(32, "$") ; : PRI
NT" author
";: PRINT" EDDIE HIL
L": PRINT" 124 STERLING DRI
VE": PRINT" HUEYTOWN, AL 35
023":PRINT" (205)491-145
2": PRINT STRING$(32,"$") ;:
15 PRINT" requirements
";:PRINT" 64K COCO D
ISK BASIC 1.1": PRINT"
DISK DRIVE" : PRINT" DMP 10
0 PRINTER" : PRINT STRING$ (32,"$")
19 PRINT© 481, "PART 11===========
=AUGUST 1985" ; :
20 P=64:F0RI=1T012:PRINT@P,"$"; :
PRINT@P+31, "$" ; :P=P+32 :NEXTI:FOR
X=1T09999:NEXTX
21 DATA "JANUARY", "FEBRUARY", "MA
RCH" , "APRIL" , "MAY" , "JUNE" , "JULY"
, "AUGUST" , "SEPTEMBER" , "OCTOBER" ,
"NOVEMBER" , "DECEMBER"
29 CLEAR3000
30 FILES 3-.DIM BAMT ( 12 ) , TAMT ( 12 )
,VAR(12) ,MO$(12) ,FL$(12) ,TTOT(10
0) ,DA$(100) ,CTOT(100) ,YTOT(100)
40 FORI=lT012:READMO$(I) :NEXTI:R
ESTORE
50 GOTO11000
160 CLS: PRINT© 13 3, "ONE MOMENT PL
EASE. " :DLSW=0: FOR I=1TO100:DA$ (I
) =" " : CTOT ( I ) =0 : TTOT ( I ) =0 : YTOT ( I )
=0:NEXTI
11000 TRSW=0 : TT=0 : CLS : PRINT"****
*******SELECTIONS**********" : PRI
NT: PRINT" 1) LIST MONTHLY TRANSAC
March 1986 THE RAINBOW 145
MORETON BAY SOFTWARE
MORE GOOD SOFTWARE
GRAPHICOM
3 disk package $29.95
64K EXB disk
SAM DIAMOND
graphic adventure .... $29.95
32K EXB disk
HOT SLOT
casino simulation .... $24.95
32K EXB disk or tape
ECLIPSE
excellent pixel editor. . $19.95
64K EXB disk
iiUiiiiil rnimwii
' Mllllinilllij
[imilHllllll ItllNll 1 1 1 1 1 1 M 1 1 1 1 J Ll 1 n I k IM I MINI 1 1 J I h J I n MM II
iMJIIll
rniamiiiimiiini 1 Rtiiim inr iirii
liiilwifcii nii»a;iiri
iiitih i it mm ii Jiirmm
Llhlll I I I ■■■■■ I I iBI'
THE MOTION PICTURE
A complete animation development system for your CoCo'
An object oriented graphic screen developer. Using this
tool you can quickly and simply animate your pictures.
Take standard graphic screens that you develop and
incorporate them into MOTION PICTURES. Animate up
to eight frames, yielding smooth animation. Generate
screens from objects and build screens from stored objecl
files. Included are routines to display animation from
BASIC. We believe you'll like this program, so we make
this offer: We will send you a demonstration disk for $4.0C
which you can apply as a credit if you buy the program.
Requires 64K. Disk, $39.95.
MORE KEYS
At last a quality numeric keypad for
your Color Computer. This 15 key
numeric pad plugs inside your com-
puter and gives you the convenience
of rapid numeric data entry. Dimen-
sions: length 6V2" (165mm), width 4"
(101 mm), height 3" (76 mm). Baked
black enamel finish. Specify computer
model. MORE KEYS complete with
cable and connector.
$69.95
DOUBLE DRIVER I
The BEST monitor driver available.
Color composite, monochrome and
audio output. For original CoCo D, E
and F boards. $24.95.
MONO II
Mono II for Color Computer 2. An
excellent monochrome monitor driver
that has audio output also. Specify
model needed.
$24.95.
RESET-POWER-SWITCHES
A REAL IMPROVEMENT
Move the power switch and reset
switch where they belong. An LED
power on light too! High quality parts,
D and E boards totally solderless. The
F board and some models of the
CoCo II require soldering.
Reset 1 Coco 1 $24.95
Reset 2 CoCo 2 $27.95
Either kit add $2.00
shipping and handling.
Guaranteed Pretested
64K UPGRADES
E Board (solderless -
pictured) $39.95
F Board $26.95
CoCo 2 (except 26-3134A&B and
26-3136A&B) $26.95
CoCo 2 (models 26-3134A&B and
26-3136A&B $39.95
Having trouble with your CoCo? We
have the chips you need. Call us.
(805) 962-3127
PLANETARIUM
A five program celestial
package. A star gazer's aid. A
program to familiarize you
with the appearance of the
major constellations. 21 first
magnitude stars. Moon
phases. Day or night sky.
Any latitude. 33 constella-
tions. Charts planet locations
from A.D. 0 to the year
10,000. Requires 16K
Extended Basic. $19.95
DOUBLE DRIVER II
Finally a monitor driver for
the Color Computer II that
lets you use a monochrome
and a color monitor
simultaneously. We're proud
of this new driver. The six
transister circuit provides op-
timal signal mixing and signal
gain. Excellent monochrome
output and better quality
resolution in the color ouput
than any driver we have
seen. Audio output also. Fits
all models of the Color Com-
puter II. $29.95.
THE COCO-SWITCHER
A QUALITY PIECE OF HARDWARE
The CoCo Switcher allows you to hook u
three peripherals to your RS-232 jack. Cor
nect your modem, printer and any othe
RS-232 compatible peripheral to the CoC
Switcher. An LED on the CoCo Switche
shows if your computer is on or off at a glance
The LED flickers when transmitting or receh
ing data.
$39.95 plus $2.00 shipping and handling
MORETON BAY SOFTWARE
A Division of Moreton Bay laboratory
316 CASTILLO STREET
SANTA BARBARA
CALIFORNIA 93101
(805) 962-3127
Ordering information
Send $2.00 shipping and handling per order. We ship
within 1 working day on receipt of order. Blue Label
Service available. California residents add 6% sales tax.
TI0NS":PRINT"2) LIST MONTHLY BUD
GET":PRINT"3) LIST BUDGET FOR YE
AR":PRINT"4) LIST ACTUAL FOR YEA
R":
11001 PRINT" 5) LIST TRANS. SUM.
FOR YEAR": PRINT" 6) LIST MO. ACTU
AL VS. BUDGET":
11005 PRINT"7) LIST YTD ACTUAL V
S. BUDGET": PRINT" 8) LIST CHART O
F ACCOUNTS": PRINT" 9) RETURN TO M
AIN PROGRAM": PRINT" 10) END SESSI
ON" : PRINT : PRINT" " ; : INPUTA : ON A
GOSUB 11110,11200,11300,13000,11
400,11500,11600,11699, 12000,1800
0:GOTO11000
11110 CLS : PRINT@128 , "WHICH MONTH
DO YOU WISH TO LIST" ; :INPUTMO:I
F MO <0 OR MO >12 THEN11110 ELSE
AP$=LEFT$ (MO$ (MO) , 3 ) : A=MO
11115 GOSUB11960
11125 GOSUB11950
11126 GOSUB11700:CLS:PRINT@128, "
I AM PRINTING THE DETAIL
TRANSACTIONS FOR " ;MO$ (MO) ; 11 . " ; :
FLE $ = " DTLTRANS / " + AP$ : OPEN "D" , #1
,FLE$,51
11128 PRINT #-2, TAB (19) "MONTHLY
TRANSACTIONS FOR " ;MO$ (MO) ; YEAR
;:PRINT#-2: PRINT #-2: PRINT # - 2 , TA
B(0) "REC ACT";: PRINT #-2, TAB (4
0) "TRAN": PRINT #-2,TAB(0) "NUM
NUM ACCOUNT DESCRIPTION. .
... I.D. DA ..AMOUNT.. TRANS.
DESCRIPTION" ; : PRINT#-2 :
11129 LC=0:IFPSWO1THEN11130ELSE
11150
11130 FOR 1=1 TO 135:GOSUB11900:
IFACNO=999THEN11140
11131 PRINT#-2:PRINT#-2, USING" #
##%%###%%%
%%%####%%##%%##,###.##-%%%
% 11 ; I ; SPACE $ ; ACNO ; S
PACE $ ; DA$ ( ACNO ) ; S PACE $ ; CHK ; " " ; DA
;"";AMT;"" ;PRP$; :
11135 TT=TT+AMT:LC=LC+l:IFLC=50T
HENGOSUB11145
11140 NEXTI:PRINT#-2:PRINT#-2:PR
INT#-2,TAB(30) "TOTAL >
» ; : PRINT#-2 , USING" $###,###.# #-
n ;TT . . print#-2 : TT=0 : CLOSE #1: CLO
SE #2:PSW=0:GOTO11910
11145 PSW=l:FORX=lT012:PRINT#-2:
NEXTX:GOT011128
11150 I=I+1:GOSUB11900:IFACNO=99
9THEN11140ELSE11131
11200 CLS:PRINT@96, "WHICH MONTH'
S BUDGET DO YOU WANTTO LIST" ; : IN
PUTA: IFA<0ORA>12THEN11200ELSE112
05
11205 MO=A:GOSUB11950:GOSUB11980
:GOSUB11700
11210 I=1:LC=0:CLS:PRINT@96, "I A
M PRINTING BUDGET DATA FOR " ;M
0$ (MO) ; YEAR ; " . "
11215 PRINT#-2," ";"BUD
GET FOR " ;M0$ (MO) ; YEAR: PRINT #-2 :
11220 PRINT#-2," ";"ACT
< — D ESCRIPTIO N — > .
.AMOUNT. .":PRINT#-2:
11230 IF DA$(I)=STRING$(27,"X")
OR CTOT(I)=0 THEN1 12 4 0ELSEBUDSUM
=BUDSUM+CTOT (I) : PRINT#-2 , USING" %
%###%%%
%%%###,###.##-";"
";I;" ";DA$(I);" ";CTOT(I):
LC=LC+1: 1=1+1: IFLC=50THENGOSUB11
880ELSEIFI=101THEN11235ELSE1123
11235 PRINT#-2:PRINT#-2, USING" %
%% %%%###, ###.##-";SPACE$;"T
, OTAL" ; » " ; BUDSUM
11239 GOTO11890
11240 1=1+1 :IFI=101THEN11235ELSE
11230
11300 RN$=" BUDGET" :G0SUB119 50 :F0
RX=1T012 : TAMT (X) =0 : NEXTX: G0SUB11
700: OPEN "D" , #1, "BUDGET/ DAT" ,128
: 1=1 : LC=0 : ACNO=I
11310 IF TRSW=1 THEN 11311 ELSE
CLS : PRINT@96 , "I AM PRINTING THE
BUDGET FOR THEYEAR. " : GOSUB11320 :
GOT011335
11311 CLS :PRINT@96, "I AM PRINTIN
G THE ACTUAL FOR THEYEAR .": GOSUB
11320:GOTO11335
11320 GET #1,I:IFDA$(I)=STRING$(
27 , "X" ) THEN11370ELSEINPUT#1 , YEAR
: F0RX=1T012 : INPUT#1 , BAMT (X) : NEXT
X : RETURN
11335 PRINT#-2,STRING$(80,"-") :
11340 PRINT#-2,TAB(36) "JAN
FEB MAR APR"
:PRINT#-2,TAB(36) "MAY J
UN JUL AUG" : PRIN
T#-2,RN$;" FOR ";YEAR;STRING$(19
, " ") ;"SEP OCT N
OV DEC":PRINT#-2,STRING$
(80,"-") ; :PRINT#-2
11350 PRINT#-2,USING"%
%%%##,###.##-%%#
#,###.##-%%##,###.##-%%##,###•##
-" ;DA$ (I) ; 11 " ; BAMT ( 1 ) ; " 11 ;BAMT
(2);" " ; BAMT ( 3 ) ; " " ; BAMT ( 4 ) :
11353 SUMBUD=0 : F0RX=1T012 : SUMBUD
=SUMBUD+BAMT (X) : TAMT (X) =TAMT (X) +
BAMT (X) : NEXTX
11355 PRINT#-2,USING"%
%##,###.##-%%#
#,###.##-%%##,###.##-%%##,###•##
March 1986 THE RAINBOW 147
; SPACE$ ; BAMT ( 5 ) ; " " ; BAMT ( 6 ) ; "
11 ; BAMT ( 7 ) ; 11 " ; BAMT ( 8 ) :
11360 PRINT#-2 / USING"###%
%$###,###.##-% %##,###.##-%%#
#,###.##-%%##,###.##-%%##,###.##
- 11 ; ACNO ; " TOTAL . . . " ; SUMBUD ; S PAC
E$ ; BAMT (9 ) ; " " ; BAMT ( 10 ) ; " " ; BA
MT(ll);" ";BAMT(12)
11365 IFTSW=1THEN11390ELSEPRINT#
-2 : LC=LC+4 : 1=1+1 : ACNO=I : IFI=10 IT
HEN11380ELSEIFLC=52THEN11398ELSE
GOSUB11320:GOTO11350
11370 1=1+1 :ACNO=I:IFI=101THEN11
380ELSE11320
11380 I=l:ACNO=999:DA$ (I)="TOTAL
"+RN$+" FOR YEAR M :F0RX=1T
012: BAMT (X)=TAMT(X) : NEXTX : TSW=1 :
GOTO11350
1139/3 LC=LC+2:TSW=0:GOTO11890
11398 LC=0 : F0RX=1T09 : PRINT#-2 : NE
XTX : G0SUB113 2 0 : G0T0113 3 5
11400 YRSW=1 : CLS : PRINT@128 , "PLEA
SE ENTER TODAY'S DATE. (SLA
SHES MUST BE ENTERED) ": PRINT : PRI
NT "DATE (MM/DD/YY) ... " ; : INPUTDT
$ : GOSUB11950 : GOSUB11985 : G0SUB117
J30
11405 CLS : PRINT@9 6 , " I AM PRINTIN
oeou
THE SOFTWARE HOUSE |j
SOOPER
DOOPER
DISKS
- M
• i
h
' 7\
OUR OWN
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LABEL
PROGRAMMER'S DISKS
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13 COLOR DISKS FOR $13.95
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COLOR RIBBONS: Red, Green, Blue, Brown
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Add $2.50 S/H in U.S.A - Canada Add $3.50
Michigan Residents Add 4% Sales Tax
Send check or money order payable to:
THE SOFTWARE HOUSE
9020 Hemingway, Redford, Ml 48239
a (31 3) 937-3442 M»
I VISA I Send Card Number and Exp. Date & R
I — M Min. Charge Order $20.00 HP K
AMATEURS: See Us (WD8KJV) at: Y'all
Miami Hamboree, Feb. 8 & 9 Come
G A SUMMARY OF THE TRANSACTIONS
FOR THE YEAR."
114)38 LC=0 : 1=1 : SUMTOT=0
1141/3 PRINT#-2, "TRANSACTION SUMM
ARY FOR"; YEAR;" A/0 ";DT$:PRI
NT#-2:PRINT#-2,"ACT ACCOUNT
DESCRIPTION AMOUNT . . . " :
PRINT* -2:
11420 IF YTOT(I)=0 THEN 1143/3 EL
SE PRINT#-2,USING"###%%%
%%%###,###.##-"
; I ; " " ; DA$ (I) ; » " ; YTOT (I ) : SUMT
0T=SUMT0T+YT0T (I) : LC=LC+1 : IFLC=5
0THEN11440
1143/3 1=1+1 :IFI=101THEN11450ELSE
1142/3
11440 1=1+1: IF 1=1/31 THEN 1145/3
ELSE FORX=lT012:PRINT#-2: NEXTX: L
C=0:GOTO11410
1145/3 YRSW=/3:CLOSE#l:PRINT#-2 : PR
INT#-2,USING"%
%% %$###,###. ##-";SPAC
E $ ; " TOTAL " ; SUMTOT : LC=LC+ 2 : SUMT
0T=/3 : FORX=LC TO 61 : PRINT #-2 : NEXT
X:LC=0:GOTO160
11500 CLS : PRINT@128 , "WHICH MONTH
DO YOU WISH TO LIST";:INPU
TA:IFA<1 OR A>12 THEN11500
11515 GOSUB11960 : GOSUB11950 : GOSU
B11980 : GOSUB11985 : GOSUB11700 : CLS
:PRINT@128, "I AM PRINTING ACTUAL
VS. BUDGET FOR " ;MO$ (MO) ; YEAR
11520 LC=0:I=1:ACTOT=0:SUMBUD=0
11525 GOSUB11650:PRINT#-2:PRINT#
-2," ACT ...DE SCRIPT I
ON ACTUAL BUDGET
One-Liner Contest Winner . . .
With this one-liner, you can enter the amount of
your paycheck, key in the amounts of your monthly
bills and see how much is left.
The listing:
0 CLS :PRINT@8, "QUICK BUDGET": PRI
NT: INPUT" AMOUNT OF PAYCHECK
";A: CLS MNPUT" NUMBER OF B
ILLS " ; B : CLS : F0RX=1T0B : PRINT : INPU
T" AMOUNT OF BILL" ; C : BB=A-
C: PRINT" PAYCHECK LEFT"BB
: F0RZ=1T03 000 : NEXT : A=BB : NEXTX : CL
S: PRINT" PAYCHECK LEFT
David V. Haas
tin AFB, FL
'-..J-'.': X- ' ,
(For this winning one-liner contest entry, the author has been sent copies
of both The Second Rainbow Book Of Adventures and its companion The
Second Rainbow Adventures Tape.)}
148
THE RAINBOW March 1986
. . VARIANCE . " : PRINT#-2
11530 IF MID$(DA$(I) ,1,5)="XXXXX
" THEN 11550 ELSE PRINT#-2 , USING
»%%###%%%
%% %###,###.##-% %###,###.##-%
%###,###.##-";" " ; I ; ";da$(i
) ; " » ; TTOT (I) ; " " ; CTOT ( I ) ; "
" ; CTOT ( I ) -TTOT (I) : ACTOT=ACTOT+
TTOT(I) :
11535 SUMBUD=SUMBUD+CTOT(I) :LC=L
C+l:
11550 1=1+1: IFI=101THEN11560ELSE
IFLC=50THEN11555ELSE11530
11555 FOR X=LC TO 61:PRINT#-2 :NE
XTX : LC=0 : GOTO 11525
11560 PRINT#-2:PRINT#-2,USING"%
%% %%
%$###,###.##-%%$###,###.##-%%$#
##/###•##"" ?SPACE$ ; "TOTAL >"
. m ";ACTOT;" ";SUMBUD;" " ;SUM
BUD-ACTOT : FOR X=LC TO 59:PRINT#-
2 : NEXTX : YRSW=0 : GOTO160
11600 YRSW=1: CLS : PRINT@128 , "ENTE
R MONTH FOR WHICH YOU WISH TO L
1ST YEAR TO DATE THROUGH .": PRINT
:INPUTA:IF A<1 OR A>12 THEN11600
11610 GOSUB11960:GOSUB11950:GOSU
B11980 : GOSUB11985 : GOSUB11700 :
11615 CLS : PRINT© 12 8 , "I AM PRINTI
NG YEAR TO DATE DATA. 11 :GOTO11520
1165J3 IF YRSW=1 THEN 11660 ELSE
PRINT#-2," ACTUAL VS. BUDGET FO
R "i ;MO$ (MO) ; YEAR: RETURN
11660 PRINT#-2," YEAR TO DATE A
/O ";MO$ (MO) ; YEAR: RETURN
11699 GOSUB11700:GOTO11800
11700 CLS:PRINT§96 / "THE 1ST PRIN
T LINE SHOULD BE ABOUT 3/4 IN
CHES FROM THE TOP OF PAPER. PL
EASE ALIGN. WHEN PAPER IS ALI
GNED PROPERLY TYPE <YES> IN RES
PONSE TO QUESTION. ": PRINT: PRINT"
IS PRINTER READY"; :INPUTA$:IFA$=
" YES " THENRETURNE LS E 1 1700
11800 1=1 : LC=0 : CLS : PRINT@98 , "PRI
NTING CHART OF ACCOUNTS .": OPEN "
D" , #1, "CHRTACCT/DAT" , 30
11810 PRINT#-2," ACT <
— D ESCRIPTIO N — >":PRIN
T#— 2 :
11820 GET#1,I:INPUT #1,DESC$:D$=
MID$ (DESC$ ,1,5): IFD$="XXXXX"THEN
11825ELSEPRINT#-2, USING"%
%###%%%
% " ; " " ; I ; " " ; DES
C$ : LC=LC+1 : 1=1+1 : IFLC=50THENGOSU
B11880ELSEIFI=101THEN11889ELSE11
82)3
11825 1=1+1: IFI=101THEN11889ELSE
11820
11830 GOT01181j3
11880 F0RX=1T014 : PRINT #-2 : NEXTX:
LC=0 : RETURN
11889 LC=LC-4
11890 FOR X=LC TO 59 : PRINT#-2 : NE
XTX : LC=0 : CLOSE # 1 : GOT016J3
119j3j3 GET#l,I:INPUT#l,ACNO,MO,DA
, YR, CHK , AMT , PRP$ , PST : RETURN
1191j3 PRINT#-2:LC=LC+l:IFLC=59TH
EN16j3ELSE1191j3
1195j3 CLS : PRINT@96 , "ONE MOMENT P
LEASE, I AM LOADING ACCOUNT DESC
RI PTI ONS . " : OPEN "D" , #1, " CHRTACCT
/DAT" , 3J3 : F0RI=1T01J3^J : GET #1 , 1 : IN
PUT #1,DESC$:DA$(I)=DESC$:NEXTI:
CLOSE #1: RETURN
1196j3 CLS : PRINT§ 12 8 , " I AM CHECKI
NG TO SEE IF THE DATAFOR THE MON
TH YOU SELECTED IS ONFILE . " :MO=A
:OPEN "D",#l, "FILENAME/ DAT", 21 :F
0RI=1T012:GET #1,1 .'INPUT #1, YEAR
, FLE$ : FL$ ( I ) =FLE$ : NEXT I : CLOSE# 1
11965 IF FL$(MO) = "ZZZZZZZZ/ZZZ
" THEN 119 7 j3 ELSE RETURN
1197)3 PRINT: PRINT "DATA FOR THE M
ONTH YOU ENTERED IS NOT ON FILE
. I AM RETURNING TO MENU.": FORT
=lT03j3j3)3:NEXT T:IF DLSW=1 THEN 1
2)33)3 ELSE 11000
11980 CLS : PRINT@98 , "I AM LOADING
BUDGET DATA.": OPEN "D",#1,"BUDG
ET/DAT" , 128 : FORI=1TO100 : GET #1,1
: INPUT #1, YEAR: F0RX=1T012: INPUT
#1,BAMT(X) : NEXTX: IF YRSW=1 THEN1
1982ELSECTOT (I) =BAMT (MO)
11981 NEXTI: CLOSE #1: RETURN
11982 FOR 11=1 TO MO : CTOT ( I ) =CTO
T(I)+BAMT (II) :NEXT II:GOT011981
11985 CLS : PRINT@9 6 , " I AM LOADING
ACTUAL DATA . " : OPEN "D" , #1 , "TRAN
SFLE/DAT" , 128 : FORI=1TO100 :GET#1,
I : INPUT#1, YEAR: F0RX=1T012 : INPUT#
1,TAMT(X) :YTOT(I)=YTOT(I)+TAMT(X
):NEXTX:IF YRSW=1 THEN11987ELSE
TTOT ( I ) =TAMT (MO )
11986 NEXTI :CLOSE#l: RETURN
11987 FOR 11=1 TO MO: TTOT(I)=TT
OT ( I ) +TAMT ( II ) : NEXT II:GOT011986
12000 CLS : PRINT@128 , "I AM LOADIN
G MAIN PROGRAM. ":RUN"EXPTRAKR"
13000 TRSW=1 :RN$=" ACTUAL" :GOSUBl
1950 : FORX=1T012 : TAMT (X) =0 : NEXTX:
GOSUB 1 1700 : OPEN "D" , #1, " TRANS FLE
/DAT" , 128 : 1=1 : LC=0 : ACNO=I : GOTOll
310
18000 CLS0 : PRINT @ 19 2 , "SO LONG TI
LL NEXT TIME. MAY ALL YOUR EXPEN
SES BE SMALL. ": PRINT: END
March 1986 THE RAINBOW 149
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Building Language
Arts Skills
By Steve Blyn
Rainbow Contributing Editor
££^T^ack to basics" skills are the
m^L trend in many school sys-
M~M terns throughout the coun-
try. This renewed emphasis on the
traditional language arts and math
skills is probably the most popular way
computers are currently being used in
schools. These types of programs are
commonly referred to as C.A.I. —
Computer-Assisted Instruction.
Way before the age of computers
arrived, there existed many wonderful
skill series of language arts workbooks.
One such series is published by Barnell
Loft, Ltd. These workbooks cover a
wide range of skills, including following
directions, using the context, locating
the answer, getting the facts, getting the
main idea and drawing conclusions.
The individual booklets are available
for the first grade up to high school
level.
Almost every school I have visited
uses some of these skill booklets. I have
used them in my classroom for several
Steve Blyn teaches both exceptional
and gifted children, holds two master's
degrees and has won awards for the
design of programs to aid the handi-
capped. He owns Computer Island and
lives in Staten Island, New York.
years. This month's program is an all-
purpose language arts program. It is
easily adaptable to any of the ideas
presented in such skill books.
By varying the types of questions, this
program can be geared to any of the
mentioned skill areas. Similarly, the
program can be made suitable for
almost any level by changing the story
content as well as the questions.
One might ask, "Why is it necessary
to replicate on the computer what
already exists in booklet form?" Tsk!
Tsk! There are several very good rea-
sons.
Computers may be presenting similar
material, but through a very different
medium. Children are naturally at-
tracted to computers and sometimes
learn better through them than by
traditional means. Computers have the
ability to give immediate feedback to
the student — you know at every step
of the way whether you are succeeding
or not.
Computers are also impersonal. By
that, I don't mean they don't have any
personality. Morris, my original CoCo,
is very dear to me and has practically
become a family member. (We do cele-
brate his birthday.) By impersonal, I
mean they are tireless reformers of
mistakes. They do not complain to the
user, nor do they make any judgments
against the user. It is almost impossible
for a person to remain impartial to
successes and failures as computers do.
The program presents part of the
"Jack and the Beanstalk" story. This is
located on lines 90 and 100. Our story
is merely used as an example. The
choice of story and the grade level for
which it is written should be yours. The
story of Jack was taken from a third-
grade reader.
A series of questions about the story
is placed in the DATA lines 260-390. Our
questions use a scattered approach: They
purposely do not cover any one specific
skill area. They are meant to illustrate
the variety of questions you may use.
They even go beyond the Barnell Loft
areas mentioned earlier. Your questions
can be as diverse as your imagination or
just remain with one skill ar.ea.
Fourteen questions were entered as
illustrations. We chose the number 14 to
show you that we are not limited only
to 10 questions. Often, computer new-
comers think there is something magical
about the number 10 or its multiples.
Not so! A short program such as this
one can have literally hundreds of
questions entered. You must, however,
152 THE RAINBOW March 1986
tell the computer how many questions
to read. Our number of questions is
indicated in the dimension statement on
Line 30 and also on lines 40 and 50. Be
sure to include the number of questions
you use on those lines.
The program is set to ask 10 of the
story questions each round. Common
sense dictates that rounds come in sets
of 10 questions. Other numbers that
divide evenly into 100 are also good
choices. The questions appear one at a
time and do not repeat in a given round.
Correct answers receive a happy tune
and a message that says "correct" on
Line 210. The incorrect answers, how-
ever, are really the important ones.
Each time a question is answered incor-
rectly, its question and correct answer
are stored in lines 400-420. This makes
possible a review of these questions and
answers. This is similar to a study-
review sheet.
The program handles the review on
lines 430-480. If you have a printer, it
is a good idea to print out the review for
the student's future reference. To get a
printout, change the PRINT statements
on lines 430, 440 and 460 to PRINTtt-
2, statements. You may add these to the
existing lines to get the output on both
the screen and the printer.
It is hoped that you use this program
as a model for incorporating your own
versions. You may create fun programs
to reinforce children's favorite stories or
programs to strictly strengthen specific
language arts skills. A combination of
the two might be the best route to go.
Remember to save each of your versions
on tape or disk before proceeding to
your next creation. □
160 .
340 .
END
134
253
100
The listing: FINDW0RD
10 REM"FIND THE WORD"
20 REM"STEVE BLYN , COMPUTER ISLAN
D, NY, 1986
30 DIM A$(14) ,B$(14) ,X$(lp) ,Y$(1
40 FOR T=l TO 14: READ A$(T),B$(T
) : NEXT T
50 R=RND(14)
60 XY=RND( -TIMER)
70 CLS
80 PRINT@32,STRING$(32,207) ;
90 PRINT" JACK CLIMBED THE BEA
NSTALK A SECOND TIME. HE WAS AGA
IN HELPEDBY THE GIANT'S WIFE. TH
IS TIME HE TOOK THE HEN THAT LA
ID THE GOLDEN EGGS. HE ESCAPED
QUICKLY. " ;
100 PRINT" JACK PICKED UP THE M
AGIC HARP ON HIS THIRD TRIP. BUT
THE HARP CALLED OUT AND WOKE TH
E GIANT. THE GIANT BEGAN TO CHA
SE JACK."
110 N=N+1
120 PRINT@0,"N=";N;" ** JA
CK ** R=";CR;
130 IF N>10 THEN GOTO 430
140 PRINT@352,STRING$ (32, (RND(12
8)+127) ) ;
150 PRINT@416,STRING$ (95, " ");
160 PRINT0384 , "TRY TO FIND THE W
ORD THAT ..."
170 IF R>13 THEN R=0
180 R=R+1
190 PRINTA$(R)
200 INPUT C$
210 IF C$=B$(R) THEN PLAY"L100CE
GCEGCC" : PRINT" CORRECT. PRESS ENT
ER TO GO ON";:CR=CR+l
220 IF C$OB$(R) THEN PLAY "L4CC
" : PRINTB$ (R) " IS THE ANSWER. " ; : G
OSUB 400
230 EN$=INKEY$
240 IF EN$=CHR$(13) THEN 110
250 GOTO 230
260 DATA IS A COMPOUND WORD, BEAN
STALK
270 DATA IS A COLOR, GOLDEN
280 DATA HAS AN APOSTROPHE , GIANT
■S
290 DATA IS THE OPPOSITE OF HUSB
AND, WIFE
300 DATA IS GOOD TO EAT FOR BREA
KFAST, EGGS
310 DATA MEANS MORE THAN TWO TIM
ES, THIRD
320 DATA MEANS THE OPPOSITE OF S
MALL, GIANT
3 30 DATA MEANS THE SAME AS FAST,
QUICKLY
340 DATA MEANS THE SAME AS A VOY
AGE, TRIP
350 DATA IS THE NAME OF AN ANIMA
L,HEN
3 60 DATA IS A MUSICAL INSTRUMENT
,HARP
370 DATA IS THE OPPOSITE OF IN,0
UT
3 80 DATA THAT -APPEARS MOST OFTEN
ABOVE , THE
390 DATA THAT IS USED 4 TIMES, JA
CK
400 X$(J)=A$(R) :Y$(J)=B$(R)
410 J=J+1
420 RETURN
430 CLS : PLAY"CDEFG" : PRINT"HERE I
S YOUR REVIEW"
440 IF CR=10 THEN PRINT : PRINT "VE
RY GOOD ... 100%":GOTO 490
450 FOR K=0 TO J-l
460 PRINT K+l;". " ;Y$(K) ;" IS THE
WORD THAT" : PRINTX$ (K) : PRINT
470 EN$=INKEY$
480 IF EN$=CHR$(13) THEN NEXT K
ELSE 470
490 END /»
March 1986 THE RAINBOW 153
EDUCATION OVERVIEW
Educating with
Electronic Communications
and Research
By Michael Plog, Ph.D.
Rainbow Contributing Editor
In case you have not tried your free
hour on the Delphi telecommunica-
tions network, I strongly encourage
you to take advantage of this offer from
THE RAINBOW. Like many of you, I have
been playing around with Delphi for a
while now, trying to learn the shortest
way to get from one point to another.
The folks who created the Delphi
system must have been poets, because
the name itself implies majesty, mystery
and a reference to answers. "Delphi"
was a special place to the ancient
Greeks. It was the most important
Greek temple and home of the oracle of
Apollo. Also, the Greeks considered
Delphi to be the center of the world. In
the temple itself, a stone marked the
exact spot of the world's center, called
the "navel."
The term "oracle" is actually a Latin
word, not Greek. Traditionally, the
oracle at Delphi belonged first to
Michael Plog received his doctorate
degree from the University of Illinois.
He has taught social studies in high
school, worked in a central office of a
school district and currently is em-
ployed at the Illinois State Board of
Education.
Mother Earth. Apollo either stole the
oracle or was given it by Mother Earth.
The medium of the oracle (the person
actually doing the speaking) was always
a woman over 50. The procedures to
obtain an answer from the oracle were
complex and rigid. A "reading" could
only be given at certain times of the
year. A ritual cake was required, along
with a sacrificial animal conforming to
rigorous physical standards.
The oracle and her consultants
bathed in a special spring, drank from
a sacred stream, then entered the tem-
ple. The oracle went to a basement cell
in the temple, sat on a sacred tripod and
chewed leaves of the laurel tree (this was
Apollo's special tree). While sitting and
chewing on the leaves, the oracle would
speak. Her words, however, were not
given directly to the person asking the
question. They were interpreted and
written by the priests, often in highly
ambiguous verse.
Delphi has been continuously inha-
bited since the 14th century B.C. The
height of the oracle's prestige and
popularity was in the 4th century B.C.
When you stop and think about it, the
present electronic Delphi is somewhat
similar to the ancient oracle. People
approach with a question or a need for
information. It is always helpful to have
a ritual cake (maybe a sandwich, but I
find it easier to use a cookie). The
sacrificial animal has been replaced
with a plastic credit card, but still
requires rigorous standards. (If you
don't pay, you don't stay.) Your compu-
ter does not have to be in a basement,
but you are figuratively apart from the
rest of the world. The messages we
receive from our electronic oracle are
sometimes ambiguous.
I have learned a few things while on
Delphi, other than about the system
itself. It seems that everyone wants a
RAINBOWfest held in a city close to
where they live. Most of the Color
Computer users responding to a poll
have one or more disk drives. Of the 29
respondents to one poll, 75 percent of
them use more than one disk operating
system for their Color Computer. I have
also read some interesting messages
about modems and operating systems,
and have obtained some public domain
software.
I wonder about educational applica-
tions of Delphi for schools and stu-
dents. It seems that two major applica-
tions can be expected. First is the
communication potential of Delphi.
You can send messages to other people
154
THE RAINBOW March 1986
(perhaps those having some special
expertise) and share ideas with others of
a similar interest. The second benefit for
education is the research capabilities of
Delphi.
The idea of communicating with
other people with similar interests is
important for the field of education.
Several bulletin board services exist for
special interest groups in education.
These services connect people with
similar interests and can serve many
functions. For example, local school
districts can send applications for spe-
cial funding to state agencies or foun-
dations by electronic means. One spe-
cial interest group, educators for the
handicapped, has an electronic com-
munications service with one of the
features being updates on proposed
legislation. Subscribers know what is
being discussed in Washington and have
an ideal opportunity to contact their
representatives and encourage a vote
one way or the other.
Electronic research capabilities have
revolutionized decision making in busi-
ness and government, but not yet in
schools. Delphi has a connection with
a system called DIALOG, a collection
of over 200 databases. Some of these are
highly specialized, technical databases,
such as medical experiments or legal
search organizations. A person might
want to know how many microcompu-
ters were sold to schools last year;
searching the appropriate database
provides the answer.
The problems involved in using elec-
tronic research are generally cost and
training. The price for using some of the
databases can be very high. Some of the
specialized databases can cost thou-
sands of dollars per year, plus online
connection time. Most schools are not
willing to incur such expenses for stu-
dent projects. Also, each database
requires special procedures for search-
ing. Those procedures can become
complex for the untrained person.
I believe these problems will be elim-
inated in the near future. The proce-
dures for specialized searching are a
matter of software. Computer profes-
sionals are currently working on new
languages to help the human and ma-
chine understand each other better. The
cost factor may be a little more difficult
to solve. It is expensive to maintain even
a simple database — a lot of time is
required (which must be paid for by
someone). A lot of expensive equipment
is also necessary to provide a database.
The more people who use such systems,
however, the less each will have to pay.
Will we ever reach a time when elec-
tronic communications and research
are common practices for elementary
and secondary students? Will we have,
for example, a sixth-grade student in
Florida writing a report about earth-
quakes, and including as part of that
report, an interview with a California
student who recently experienced an
earthquake?
The future is unknown; our current
Delphi oracles only share present infor-
mation, not future happenings. How-
ever, if you or your school is using
electronic communications or research,
I would like to know about it. Please
share your experiences and efforts. My
Delphi username is MPLOG — why
not drop me a line? □
\
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March 1986 THE RAINBOW 155
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The Wishing Well
Title Maker
By Fred B. Scerbo
Rainbow Contributing Editor
Editor's Note: If you have an idea for
the " Wishing Well " submit it to Fred
c/o the rainbow. Remember, keep
your ideas specific, and don 't forget that
this is BASIC. All programs resulting
from your wishes are for your use but
remain the property of the author.
Some of you may have noticed that
during the last 12 months the
opening credits of most of my
"Wishing Well" programs have taken on
a slightly different look. While in the
past I have used the Hi-Res graphics
screens to make title cards, I haven't
taken a liking to using the CHR$ colors
in the text mode to create introductory
title screens. Since many of you have
written and requested a way to create
text graphics of this style on your own,
this month's "Wishing Well" will be
dedicated to fulfilling this task.
The Motivation
Over a year ago, the folks at RAINBOW
asked me to create a new rainbow on
Fred Scerbo is a special needs instructor
for the North Adams Public Schools in
North Adams, Massachusetts. He holds
a master's in education and has pub-
lished some of the first software avail-
able for the Color Computer through
his software firm, Illustrated Memory
Banks.
TAPE title card. I had made the original
logo back when the tape format first
came out and we were looking for
something a little more classy. Since at
the time I had just completed a "Wish-
ing Well" series on creating additional
colors in PMDDE4, 1 decided to use those
colors for the actual graphics.
As those of you who have followed
this column will recall, creating these
extra colors takes a little time since the
pixel patterns must be set and placed in
an array. Usually, I would tie up the text
screen with CLS0 so the user would not
see the colors being created .
When it came time to make the RAIN-
BOW ON TAPE logo, I felt that the user
should not have to stare at a black
screen for what might seem like an
eternity while the graphics being created
on the Hi-Res screen was kept hidden
from view. Therefore, I chose to have
the text screen display the words "Fal-
soft Inc. presents" in large block letters
while this graphics manipulation took
place out of sight.
For this, I used a character set that
I created for my math program, Multi-
Math Driller. However, when I in-
cluded the text generator that created
these large, multicolored block letters,
the RAINBOW ON TAPE menu program
was too long. To solve this, I used the
generator to create my characters and
then went through the slow process of
examining the text screen memory
locations to determine which CHR$
codes made up the graphics I had just
created. The job took a little longer than
I wanted, but the result was satisfying.
In fact, it brought to mind one of the
rules of programming 1 learned years
ago: the greater the time spent by the
programmer, the less the time spent by
the user. (The reverse of this is also
true.)
As more programs for "The Well"
required title cards, I started using this
technique more often. Each time, how-
ever, I streamlined the process so it
would take less time. By the time I got
to creating Tri- Planetary Hangmen-
oids, the character set no longer was
suitable since I needed smaller, more
compact letters for longer words.
This led to my writing a short routine
to allow me to use the arrow keys for
a simpler drawer-type program on the
text screen. However, each time I
created a screen, I had to go about
analyzing the memory locations one
line at a time. It worked, but it was slow.
The Wish
Meanwhile, many "Wishing Well"
readers have kept a close watch on my
title cards and asked over and over,
"When will you give us a program to
make title cards like these?" Some
readers even wanted to use this tech-
nique for creating a string of titles to use
for TV displays.
Since all of my efforts had been
fractional up to this point, I finally
decided to put all the pieces together in
March 1 986 THE RAINBOW 1 57
a usable program that would not only
create the text* and analyze the screen
memory locations, but write the final
BASIC program itself! To make the
program as flexible as possible, the
program would have to use both a
combination of arrow keys and a direct
input format that would change text to
large letter characters. The end result of
these wishes is The Wishing Well Title
Maker, which you will find listed here.
The Program
Because of a few commands used by
the program, I have written it to work
with 16K Color Extended BASIC, and
not just Color BASIC. The program it
produces will work in Color basic,
however, since the program consists
only of DATA statements of the CHR$
codes needed to create your screen.
The way the program works is actu-
ally quite simple. Let's say you have
created a screen you wish to use. (Ill
explain all the steps later.) You have two
options. You may save the screen's
memory locations in machine language
to either disk or tape. This allows you
to save a screen you have been working
on and reload it later for other altera-
tions.
Your other option, if you are satisfied
with your results, is to use the "analyze"
option, which will create the complete
BASIC program to redraw your screen
independently of the original program.
The way the analyze option works is to
start at the bottom line of the screen
available and check all its locations to
see if they are filled with black blocks
of CHR$ ( 12B ) . If the row is completely
black, the program keeps moving up a
row until it finds characters. This pre-
vents us from having a really long
program of DATA statements if only a
few lines are needed.
Once the bottom row of characters is
found, the program returns to the top
row and analyzes each block to deter-
mine the CHR$ code by peeking at the
screen location in memory. Whatever
value is found in that location, the
number will have 128 subtracted from
it. Later, when the number is used from
DATA, 128 is added to it. This saves a
byte here and there by keeping our DATA
numbers as low as possible. Also, in
cases where the CHR$ is 128 (a black
box), the value will end up as zero for
our DATA line.
Rather than eat up memory by hav-
ing a zero in a DATA line, the program
will leave nothing between the commas.
The new program will thus later read a
zero and add 128 to it, giving us our
CHR$ ( 12B ) . This also explains why you
will often see my DATA lines with strings
of commas. These are zero values and
I am simply trying to save some space.
Look at the beginning of this listing and
you will see what I mean.
In the analyze mode, the program
writes a file in ASCII to either disk or
tape. This ASCII file can later be loaded
directly into memory as a BASIC pro-
gram that you can add to later. You may
even merge this file if you have a disk
drive using the MERGE command. Oth-
erwise, create a screen and then add
onto your program from there.
Using the Program
Type in the program exactly as it is
listed, making sure to leave out no lines
or commas in the DATA statements.
When the title screen comes up, you
may press ENTER to proceed with the
program. A new screen then comes up
asking:
LOAD AN OLD FILE (Y'N) ?
You may press 'Y 9 if you wish to
continue working on an old screen. If
you do, you are asked to enter a file-
name with:
ENTER FILENAME:
which must be less than nine characters
long. The program next asks:
FROM (D) ISK DR (T)fiPE ?
At this point, you should either have
your disk in the disk drive or your tape
in the cassette player with Play pushed.
Failure to do this might cause an I/O
Error, especially with disk.
If you have not chosen to load an old
file, the screen will next say:
YOU MUST SELECT A FILENAME.
ENTER NEW FILENAME:
This filename is used later when you
wish to save or analyze the screen you
create. The next question to answer is:
(B)LANK SCREEN OR (A)UTOPRINT?
Autoprint allows you to enter up to
four lines of text at a selected color. The
internal character set in the program is
used to create your screen. This method
is not flawless, however, since your text
cannot be over eight characters long. If
the characters include M, N, W or X,
then you may have to use fewer than
eight characters.
You may only choose to enter one or
two lines of text. When the screen says:
ENTER TEXT:
enter the words or spaces you wish to
use. To center a short word such as
"hello," you may wish to insert one or
two spaces before the word. A space
only takes up half the space of a char-
acter. You will have to experiment to get
the effect desired. If you enter no text,
the program will proceed to create your
screen. Otherwise, you are asked to
enter four lines of text.
Next you need to select the color of
the characters or text to be printed. You
must select the color with the numbers
1 to 8. Use this guide:
1) Green
2) Yellow
3) Blue
4) Red
5) Buff
6) Aqua
7) Magenta
8) Orange
You may not use a zero or a number
larger than eight. Use the numbers listed
above to select the way you want your
text to look. After the text has been
created, you will be in the screen editor
mode.
Using the Screen Editor
If you select "blank screen" as your
option, you will be in the screen editor
mode. In this mode, you may use the
arrow keys to draw or create your own
characters. Here is a summary of the
functions included:
Arrow keys — one space at a time
SHlFT-arrow — moves to that corner
1 to 8 — colors as listed earlier
9 — return to black cursor
SHIFT @ — clear the screen
* — save screen in machine language
# — analyze and create BASIC file
When you choose to analyze the
screen or to save the screen in machine
language, you are again asked:
PREPARE (D)ISI< OR (T)APE
At this point, prepare your disk or
tape and press either *D' or T\
If you have used the autoprint option,
you will end up in the screen editor
mode anyway. You may choose to add
borders or other decorations to enhance
the screen. Quite often, I will draw thin
block letters using only the editor since
most of my titles are over eight charac-
ters long. In fact, the actual title card for
this program was created in this fashion
as was the new text title page for RAIN-
BOW on TAPE 1986.
A few hints are needed here. The
bottom line of the screen is not included
in your screen design. It contains a
summary of your colors and commands
158 THE RAINBOW March 1986
so you do not have to refer to this
article. Also, the program is designed to
use only a black background, CLS0.
This is due to the way the CHR$ blocks
are designed with black for the blank
areas.
Also, when creating designs, it may
take a little getting used to switching
back and forth between a color and '9',
which is black. With a little practice,
you will get the hang of it. Remember,
if you place some colors too close to
each other, they may overlap. Once
again, a little practice will help you
avoid this structural limitation of the
CoCo screen.
Other Pointers
I did try to include the keyboard
alphanumeric characters in the editor
mode but found it caused too much
trouble with overall screen control.
Therefore, if you must add text to a
screen, do it using PRINTS after the
DfiTfi statements in the BASIC program
this Title Maker creates.
Also, keep in mind that if you load
an old screen filename, that filename
will be used to write the new file to disk
or tape. This does not cause a problem
with the ASCII file or machine lan-
guage file having the same name, but if
you are altering an existing machine
language file, the new one you save will
overwrite the old. You may avoid this
simply by using different disks for
loading and saving, or by using RENRME
independent of the program.
You can string a group of these title
cards together using Disk BASIC'S
MERGE command. You may also do the
same with tape by renumbering each
file, resaving it in ASCII and loading it
into a tape-based word processor. Be
sure to use FDR/NEXT delays (i.e., FDR
1=1 to 2000:NEXT) to keep your
screens from flipping by too quickly.
You be the judge of how you want these
to work. Your only limitation is the
amount of free memory left.
One last point should be included
here. If you wish to have the program
file written so the DATA statements will
actually be the ASCII values of the
CHR$ that form the screen images,
change the value of SW in Line 10 to zero
(0). SW stands for "short way," which is
using empty commas to save memory.
Conclusion
I hope you find this program useful.
It did prove to be a bit of a challenge
putting all these pieces together in a
user-friendly format. Sure, it could be
friendlier, but it is still much better than
working in BASIC fragments or pro-
gramming from scratch. I do know one
thing for sure, however! Even I will
enjoy being able to create titles for
future "Wishing Well" articles with
greater ease than I have been used to in
the recent past.
See you next month. □
50 136
100 60
180 45
285 199
365 56
520 12
635 90
750 212
END 234
The listing: TITLEMKR
1 REM ************************
2 REM * THE WISHING WELL *
3 REM * TITLE MAKER *
4 REM * BY FRED B.SCERBO *
5 REM * 6)3 HARDING AVE. *
6 REM * NORTH ADAMS, MA 01247 *
7 REM * COPYRIGHT (C) 1985 *
8 REM ************************
10 CLS0:FORI=1TO384:READA:PRINTC
HR$(A+128) ;:NEXT:SW=1
15 DATA14, 14, 10, 13, ,14,4,14,12,1
£,,20, 26, ,30, 20, 30, 21, 28, 29, 20, 2
6,21,24,29,24,29,16,30,21,28,29
20 DATA,10, ,5,3,10, ,11,2,, , ,26,2
6,26, ,2 6,21,19,19,16,27,23, ,21, ,
21,25,26,21,17,19
25 DATA, 10, , 5, , 10, , 10 , , 2 , , , 26, 26
,26,, 26, 17, 16, 21,, 26, 21,, 21,, 21,
,26,21,16,21
30 DATA4 , 12 , , 12 , , 12 , 4 , 12 , 12 , 8 , , ,
28,28,24,20,28,20,28,28,20,24,20
,24,28,24,28,20,28,20,28,28
35 DATA109, ,101,104,109,108,106,
109,104,96,109,104,16, , ,12 6,125,
124,122, 116, 126, , 12 6, 125, 12 4 , 122
,125,120, ,125,124,125
40 DATA101,101,101, ,101,99, ,101,
, ,101, ,96, , , ,117, , , ,122, , ,117, , ,
117, , ,117,115,114
45 DATA101, 101, 101, ,101, ,98,101,
96,106,101, ,106, , , ,117, , , ,122, , ,
117, , ,117, ,122,117, ,113
50 DATA100, 108, 108, ,108,108,104,
108,108,104,108,108,104, ,112,116
, 124,124, , 116, 124, 80,116, 124 , 124
,112,124,124,120,124,124,124
55 DATA60,60,60,60,60 / 60,85,92,9
4, 93, 85, 92, 93, ,93,, 86, 88, 84, 94, 9
2,90,93,92,92,90,60,60,60,60,60,
60
60 DATA51,51,51,51,51,51,85,80,9
0,85,85,83,87, ,85,86,80, , ,91,82,
,85,83,83,90,51,51,51,51,51,51
65 DATA48, , , , , ,85, , ,85,85, ,85, ,8
5,84,82,80, ,90, ,82,85, ,89, ,,,,, ,
48
70 DATA60,60,60,60,60,60,84,48, ,
84,84, ,84,80,92,80,84,88,84,92,9
2,88,92,88,80,88,60,60,60,60,60,
60
75 PRINT@422," BY FRED B.SCERBO
ii .
/
80 PRINT@454," COPYRIGHT (C) 198
5 " •
85 IFINKEY$OCHR$ (13 ) THEN85
90 CLS:PRINT§132, "LOAD AN OLD FI
LE (Y/N) ?"
95 X$=INKEY$ : IFX$=" Y"THEN100ELSE
IFX$="N"THEN125ELSE95
March 1986 THE RAINBOW 159
IjSfd PRINT : PRINTTAB (4 ) ; "ENTER FIL
E NAME: "; :LINE INPUT G$:IF LEN (G
$)>8 THEN90
105 PRINT: PRINTTAB (4) "FROM (D)IS
K OR (T) APE ?";
110 X$=INKEY$ : IFX$="T"THEN115ELS
EIFX$="D"THEN120ELSE110
115 CLOADM G$:F$=G$:GOT053j3
12)3 LOADM G$:F$=G$:GOTO530
125 CLS:PRINT@130, "YOU MUST SELE
CT A FILE NAME."
130 PRINT: PRINT" ENTER NEW FILE
NAME: ";:LINEINPUT F$:IF LEN (F$
)>8 THEN 130
135 PRINT: PRINT" (B)LANK SCREEN
OR (A)UTOPRINT?"
140 X$=INKEY$:IFX$="B"THEN52 5ELS
EIFX$="A"THEN145ELSE140
145 CLS:PRINT@231, " PLEASE STAND
BY ";
150 DIM A(45,9) ,B(4,12) ,K(8)
155 F0RI=1T08 : K (I ) =D : D=D+16 : NEXT
I
160 F0RI=2T011:F0RY=1T09:READ A$
:A(I,Y)=ASC(A$)+63:NEXTY,I
165 F0RI=19T044:F0RY=1T09
170 READ A$:IFA$=""THEN A(I,Y)=0
:GOTO180
XPNDR2
for the CoCo
DISK SYSTEM
XPNDR2 $39.95 each or 2/$76
This prototype card features a 40 pin
connector for projects requiring an on-
line disk system or ROM paks. The
CoCo signals are brought out to wire-
wrap pins. Special gold plated spring
clips provide reliable and noisefree
disk operation plus solid support for
vertical mounting of the controller. The
entire 4.3><7 inch card is drilled for ICs.
Assembled, tested and ready to run.
XPNDR1 $19.95 each or 2/$36
A rugged 4,3*6.2 inch bare breadboard
that brings the CoCo signals out to
labeled pads. Both XPNDR cards are
double-sided glass/epoxy, have gold
plated edge connectors, thru-hole
plating and are designed with heavy
power and ground buses. They're
drilled for standard 0.3 and 0.6 inch
wide dual in-line wirewrap sockets;
with a 0.1 inch grid on the outboard end
for connectors.
SuperGuide $3.95 each
Here is a unique plastic insert that
aligns and supports printed circuit
cards in the CoCo cartridge port. Don't
forget to ORDER ONE FOR YOUR
XPNDR CARDS.
Included with each XPNDR card
are 8 pages of APPLICATION
NOTES to help you learn about
chips and how to connect them to
your CoCo.
VISA
To order or for technical informa-
tion call:
(206) 782-6809
weekdays 8 a.m. to noon
We pay shipping on prepaid orders.
For immediate shipment send
check, money order or the number
and expiration date of your VISA or
MASTERCARD to:
ROBOTIC
MICROSYSTEMS
BOX 30807 SEATTLE, WA 98103
175 A(I,Y)=ASC(A$)+63
18 0 NEXTY, I
185 F0RI=1T04:F0RY=1T012:READ A$
:B(I,Y)=ASC(A$)+63:NEXTY,I
190 CLS : PRINT M FIRST TEXT LINE (8
CHARACTERS ) . 11
195 FORY=lT04
200 PRINT 11 ENTER TEXT: ";:LINEINP
UT W$(Y):IF W$(Y)= IIM THEN215
205 PRINT 11 ENTER COLOR #: " ; : INPU
TQ(Y)
2 1)3 PRINT: NEXTY
215 K=32:CLS0
220 FORII=lTO Y-l : L=K: W$=W$ (II) :
C=K(Q(II) ) :GOSUB2 30:K=K+9 6:NEXTI
I
225 GOTO530
230 P=LEN(W$) :FORZ=lTOP:I=ASC(MI
D$(W$,Z,l))-46
235 IFI=31THEN245ELSEIFI=32THEN2
50ELSEIFI=41THEN255ELSEIFI=42THE
N260ELSEIFI=-14THEN265
240 GOSUB275:GOTO270
245 I=1:GOSUB300:GOTO270
250 I=2:GOSUB300:GOTO270
255 I=3:GOSUB300:GOTO270
260 I=4:GOSUB300:GOTO270
265 L=L+2
270 NEXT: RETURN
275 PRINT@0+L,CHR$(A(I,1)+C)CHR$
(A(I,2)+C)CHR$(A(I,3)+C) ;
280 PRINT@32+L,CHR$(A(I,4)+C)CHR
$(A(I,5)+C)CHR$(A(I,6)+C) ;
285 PRINT@64+L,CHR$(A(I,7)+C)CHR
$ ( A ( I , 8 ) +C ) CHR$ ( A ( I , 9 ) +C) ;
290 L=L+4: RETURN
295 GOT0295
300 PRINT@0+L,CHR$(B(I,1)+C)CHR$
(B(I,2)+C)CHR$ (B(I,3)+C)CHR$ (B(I
/4)+C) ;
305 PRINT@32+L,CHR$(B(I,5)+C)CHR
$(B(I,6)+C)CHR$(B(I,7)+C)CHR$ (B(
I z 8 ) +C ) f
310 PRINT@64+L,CHR$(B(I,9)+C)CHR
$(B(I,10)+C)CHR$(B(I,11)+C)CHR$(
B(I,12)+C) ;: L=L+ 5 : RETURN
315 PRINT@Q,CHR$ (154) ;:PRINT@Q+3
0 , CHR$ (145) CHR$ (128) CHR$ (154) CHR
$(145) ; :PRINT@Q+63,CHR$(153)CHR$
(155) CHR$ (152) ; :PRINT@Q+9 6,CHR$(
152) ; : RETURN
320 FORI=1TO1500
325 IFPEEK(339) =254THEN330ELSEIF
INKEY$=" "THENNEXT
3 30 RETURN
335 DATAH,M,L,P,A,P,E,M,I
340 DATAB, P,A,A,P,A,E,M,I
345 DATAO,M,L,D,M,B,M,M,M
160
THE RAINBOW March 1986
350 DAT AM
355 DATAP
360 DATAP
365 DATAP
370 DATAO
375 DATAP
380 DATAP
385 DATAH
390 DATAP
395 DATAP
400 DATAP
405 DATAP
410 DATAP
415 DATAP
420 DATAP
425 DATAE
430 DATAM
435 DATAP
440 DATAP
445 DATA,
450 DATAP
455 DATAP
460 DATAP
465 DATAP
470 DATAP
475 DATAM
480 DATAP
485 DATAL
490 DATA,
495 DATAL
500 DATAM
505 DATAP
510 DATAP
515 DATAP
520 DATAN
M
F
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
A
P
N
B
A
M
M
M
M
M
P
A
A
A
M
C
L
A
C
L
K
M
M
P
P
P
L
L
M
L
M
M
M
P
I
0
0
A
/
P
P
P
P
M
M
P
H
H
P
B
A
A
B
M
M
M
P
A
P
M
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
A
A
P
P
/
P
P
P
P
M
A
P
N
i
E
D
P
P
P
0
M
N
M
M
H
M
M
M
M
A
A
M
M
E
M
P
F
N
A
A
M
B
N
M
P
A
D
P
M
P
P
P
B
P
O
P
P
I
P
P
P
L
A
P
M
M
P
P
A
K
C
A
/
P
M
P
C
P
A
P
0
i
I
A
E
E
G
G
M
A
M
M
E
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
E
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
A
M
A
A
M
I
L
J
J
M
E
M
M
I
M
M
A
M
M
M
M
A
M
A
M
M
A
M
M
A
M
A
M
M
M
M
M
M
P
P
P
C
I
I
M
M
A
M
M
M
I
M
I
M
A
M
M
I
I
M
M
M
A
0
M
M
A
M
A
i
A
M
M,A,A,M
M,A,E,M
E,I,E,I
M, A, A,M
525 CLS0
530 R$=CHR$(128) :PRINT@481, "" ; :F
ORI=143T0255STEP16:PRINTCHR$ (I)R
$ ; : NEXT
535 Q=48:FORI=1504TO1520STEP2:Q=
Q+l : POKEI , Q : NEXTI : POKEI , 42 : PRINT
@497,R$;
540 PRINT@499, "save"R$R$"analys"
; :POKE1528,35:POKE1535,5
545 A$="PAGE"
550 C=0:H=0:V=0
555 X$=INKEY$:IFX$=""THEN555
560 IFX$=CHR$(8)THENH=H-1
565 IFX$=CHR$(9)THENH=H+1
570 IFX$=CHR$(10)THENV=V+1
575 IFX$=CHR$(94)THENV=V-1
580 IFX$=CHR$(95)THENV=0
585 IFX$=CHR$(91)THENV=29
590 IFX$=CHR$(21)THENH=0
595 IFX$=CHR$(93)THENH=63
600 IFX$="*"THEN655
605 IFX$="#"THEN675
610 IFX$=CHR$(19)THEN525
615 IFH<0THENH=0
620 IFV<0THENV=0
625 IFH>63THENH=63
630 IFV>29THENV=29
635 X=VAL(X$) :IFX<1 OR X>9THEN64
5
640 C=X
645 IFC=9 THEN RESET (H,V) : GOT055
5
650 SET(H,V,C) :GOT0555
655 GOSUB680
660 X$=INKEY$ : IFX$="D"THEN670ELS
EIFX$="T"THEN665ELSE660
665 CSAVEM F$ , 1024 , 1503 ,0 :GOT053
670 SAVEM F$, 1024, 1503 ,0:GOTO530
675 GOSUB680:GOTO700
680 PRINT@480,STRING$(31,32) 7
685 POKE1535,143
690 PRINT@484 , "PREPARE (D)ISK OR
(T) APE " 7
695 RETURN
700 X$=INKEY$:IFX$="D"THEN 705EL
SEIFX$="T"THEN710ELSE700
705 DV*=l:F$=F$+"/BAS":GOT0715
710 DV=-1
715 PRINT@480," NOW ANALYSING SC
REEN LOCATIONS";
720 FOR L=1472TO1056STEP-32:ST=0
725 FORM=L TO L+31 : RS=PEEK (M) : ST
=ST+RS : NEXTM
730 IF ST=4096THEN NEXTL
735 REM OPEN FILE
740 OPEN"0", #DV,F$
745 PRINT#DV, "10 CLS0 : FORI=lTO" ;
L-1024+32;":READ A:";
750 IF SW=1 THEN 760
755 PRINT #DV, "PRINTCHR$ (A) ; : NEXT
":GOT0765
760 PRINT#DV, "PRINTCHR$ (A+128) ; :
NEXT"
765 LN=10:FOR N=1024TO L STEP32
770 LN=LN+10:W$=STR$(LN) :QW=LEN(
W$) :W$=RIGHT$(W$,QW-1)+" DATA" : P
RINT#DV,W$;
775 FOR M=N TO N+31:RS=PEEK(M)
780 IF SW=0THEN790
785 RS=RS-128
790 RS$=STR$ (RS) :QW=LEN(RS$) :RS$
=RIGHT$ (RS$,QW-1) : IF RS$="0"THEN
RS$="»
795 PRINT#DV,RS$; : IF MON+31 THE
N PRINT#DV,",";
800 NEXTM: PRINT # DV, "":NEXTN
805 PRINT#DV,"1000 GOTO1000"
810 PRINT§480,STRING$(31,32) ;
815 CLOSE #DV
820 GOTO530 /R\
March 1966 THE RAINBOW 161
★
CO CO CROSSWORDS
Attention all crossword puzzle addicts!
Now you can solve them on your color
computer! Master set contains 27 puzzles
with four levels of difficulty. A pull-down
menu includes such features as SAVE.
HELP, WORD or LETTER GIVEN, and CHEAT.
Additional sets, also available. 30-plus
puzzles on each set.
RCQUinCS 32K DISK
MflSTCfl S€T $24.95
€RCH ADDITIONAL S€T $12.95
S€TS #2, #3 AND #4 NOW nVMLnftlC.
GR€UJMfiST€R
Move along the end of the bars
serving beer to yaur thirsty customers.
Watch for falling glasses and rowdy
customers. Loads of fun.
ftCQUJRCS 32K & JOVSTICK
TRP€ $14.95
DISK $17.95
Yoy ars on
Yo« c*»n ou«f I f < i.ftfjS
io*** tfcicit urtj$*"b tU lift..
1 "
U II
UDDD i y
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V di J U L h I
BU '..ZfllimUl- > ■
BLflCKBCRRD'S ISLAND
A brand new high res graphic
adventure. This one will blow your socks
off! Wander around Black beard's Island
being ever mindful of the hazards
while your lust builds for Blackboard's
buried treasure T'aint easy, matey!
ft€OUIR€S 32K DISK ONLV
DISK $19.95
SKViunv
Maneuver your sky craft along the
skyway avoiding enemy craft, mines and
sky bugs! Jump over holes but don't run
off the edge. We challenge anyone to
make it through all 99 levels!
RCQUIRCS 32K & JOVSTICK
TRP€ $19.95
DISK $22.95
MONCVOPOLV
Now! Play this popular board game on
your computer. Probably the most
realistic computer board game
simulation ever Contains all the
features of the original. Buy, rent or sell
properties and become a wealthy
land baron with this program.
A€QUIR€S 32K & JOVSTICK
TRP€ $19.95
DISK $22.95
CHI** ^
45fl& Li;;.
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TH€ MRRTIHN CRVPT
All new graphic adventure — Man
discovers that life once existed on Mars.
Can you find the hidden Martian Crypt?
With sound effects to over 30 screens of
animated high res graphics.
R€OUIR€S 32K MRCHINC
TRP€ $18.95
DISK $21.95
GOLD RUNN6R
Travel the maze, in your never ending
search for GOLD. But be careful! There
are hidden trap daors. burly guards,
tricky ladders & slippery ropes. Sounds
easy you say? Clear the 1st screen and
32 more await you!
. ft€QUIfl€S 64K MACHINE
JOVSTICK Oft K€VBOAflD
TflP€ $14.95
DISK $17.95
TH€ MISRDV€NTUR€S
OF €DDI€
Another great graphic adventure!! This
time you are exploring an old mine shaft
when you stumble upon an old man —
and into a different time! His rebellious
son Eddie is roaming around time
creating havoc and you must bring him
home in order to return to your own
time. Visit the apple orchard of Isaac
Newton, the doomed Titanic — over 140
different locations and 50-p!us
commands! All in hi-res graphics. Only
for the very adventurous and those who
"enjoy being frustrated"!
n€QUIR€S 64K
TRP€ $18.95
DISK $21.95
V€GRS GRM€ PRK
Have you ever wanted to bring Uas
Vegas home with you? Now you can!
Six different games in this package:
Blackjack, Keno, Poker, plus three other
slat machine lookatikes. The only thing
missing 1$ the voice of Wayne Newton)
RCQUIftCS 16K €XT. BASIC ^
TAP€ $24.95 b*
DISK $27.95
COLOR CAR
You asked for it and now here it is!
Fast-moving Grand Prix style racing,
With your computer sit at the wheel of
your racer through the difficult
racecourse "Bump & Jump" other cars,
but be careful because they'll return the
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RCQUIRCS 64K & JOVSTICK
TMPC $19.95
DISK $22.95
We have more software available than
listed. Write for our free catalog.
t
NO D€flL€ftS Pl€RS€
The Joy$
of Earlv Amortization
By Edward R. Carson
Paying off a mortgage early to get
a quicker equity buildup is the
best idea I (a homeowner) have
heard of in a long time. It used to cost
a little extra each month to reach this
goal, but a new kind of mortgage is just
now taking hold in the United States
that can make the process almost pain-
less. Quicker mortgage payoff will save
you a fortune in interest rates and can
take years off the repayment schedule.
It also has two strategic uses.
A young couple who pays off their
mortgage early will then have a huge
amount of equity on tap. This is also a
method of forced savings; all of these
gains are tax deferred. A quick payment
mortgage is also suitable for middle-
aged home buyers who want to own
their home free and clear by the time
they retire. The new way to faster home
ownership is through a bi-weekly mort-
gage payment plan. The loan is amor-
tized as if it were going to last for 30
years, but instead of paying once a
month, one half the payment is made
every two weeks. This method of repay-
ment leads to the equivalent of 13
monthly payments rather than the usual
12. This may not sound like it would
make a lot of difference, but the amount
of money and time saved is astounding,
as you will see when comparing Option
1 with Option 2. Since this method of
repayment is not available with all
lenders, two other options are included
that can have the same effect and are
accepted by most lenders.
Edward R. Carson is a head operator
at the Timken Company in Columbus,
Ohio. His interests encompass compu-
ters and baseball. He is married and has
three sons.
There are two parts to the Mortgage
Planner. The first part is a loan calcu-
lator. If you are planning a home pur-
chase, the calculator figures your prin-
cipal and interest payments. It returns
the amount financed, amount of pay-
ment, interest rate and number of
months required to retire the loan (see
Figure 1). If you know the amount you
want to pay per month but don't know
the amount you can finance to arrive at
your target payment, the calculator can
help. When asked the amount to fi-
nance, just press ENTER; you are then
asked the amount per month (enter
what you want to pay per month) and
the calculator gives the amount to
finance and arrives at your target pay-
ment. You can go through as many
calculations as you wish. The last
amount calculated is automatically
forwarded to the Mortgage Planner. It
is not necessary to go to the calculator.
If you have an existing mortgage, go
directly to the Planner.
The Mortgage Planner has four op-
tions to choose from. Each is a different
method of repayment. Three of these
options can save thousands of dollars
and many years off the mortgage. The
Figure 1
AMOUNT OF THE LOAN
$
36000 .00
NO. OF MONTHS
360
INTEREST RATE
10 %
MONTHLY PAYMENTS
$
315.93
Option t
YEAR
INT. PAID
..4,',. *
' : ; v:,§M
3590.17, : .
7159.30
. \
s
$
10705. 20V''
14225.42
5
$
17717.28 .
5
$
21177.82 '
7
$
24603.75
s
Q
$
s
27991.44
31336.91
if
$
34635.72
11
12
$
$
37882.99
41073.33
13
x4;
$
: $
44200.78
47258.75
\ 16
$
5023.9. 96\, ; .
$
53136.39
17
$
55939.15' •
18^
$
58.633,45
i9>
$
61223.45 s "
20
$
63682. 17 <
21
$
66001.42
22
$
68166. 57
23
24
25
$ 70161. 51
$ 71968.40
$ 73567.57..
2?
28
$
S
$
7493.7.27
76053.47'
76889.64
77416. 46v;/r
29
§
PRINCIPAL PAID
i 200.94
422.92
668 . 13
939.02
1238.26
1568.84
1934.02
,43
$
S
6
I
$
$
$
3275.37
3 819.21
$ 4419.98
$
$
■; $
$
YEARS'
TCTftL INTEREST
5083.64
5816.78.
6626.68
7521.36
8509.70
9601.51
$ 10807.63.
$ 12140.01
$ 13611.88
$ 15237.83
$ 17034.00
$ 19018.22
$ 21210.16
$ 23631.57
$ 26306.48
$ 29261.42
.$ 32525.71
$■ 77733.20
/
7
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
TOTAL PRINCIPAL
.00
March 1986 THE RAINBOW 163
Option 2
YEAR
INT. PAID
PRINCIPAL PAID
1
$
3564.58
$
542.46
/
2
$
7072.38
$
1141.69
/
3
$
10517.47
$
1803.63
/
4
$
13893.28
$
2534.85
5
$
17192.57
$
3342 .60
/
6
$
20407.32
$
4234.89
7
$
23528.68
$
5220.56
/
8
$
26546.89
$
6309 .39
i
/
9
$
29451.14
$
7512 .17
10
$
32229.51
$
8840.84
/
11
$
34868.83
$
10308.55
12
$
37354.54
$
11929.88
/
13
$
39670.57
$
13720.89
14
$
41799 . 15
s
15699 .34
/
15
$
43720.67
$
17884.85
/
16
$
45413.47
S
20299.09
/
17
$
46853. 60
$
22966.00
/
18
$
48014.61
s
25912.02
/
19
$
48867.30
$
29166.36
/
20
$
49379.40
$
32761.30
/
YEARS
TOTAL INTEREST
TOTAL PRINCIPAL
22.6
? 49615.88
$ 36000.00
111
218
1001
207
191 ..
....141
1061
5
301
,.,..62
1111 ..
...120
391
7
1151
. 105
496 ..
....209
1246 ..
...206
556
, , A , ,1
1341
22
666 ,
. ..139
1441 , ,
197
771
, ..54
1481
136
821
, 231
1571 ,
,, 240
921
.242
END ...
. . . .83
The listing: MORTGAGE
I Y=l
6 CLS
II X=32
16 CLS
21 Z$="SAVE"
26 PRINT@X,Z$
31 X=X+1J3
36 IFX=382 THEN 41 ELSE 26
41 FORT=1TO80:NEXTT
46 Y=Y+1MFY=5THEN51ELSE6
51 FORT=lT05j3j3:NEXTT
56 CLS: PRINT© 164, "the mortgage p
lanner"
61 PRINT@236,"by"
66 PRINT@294> "edward r carson"
71 GOSUB1181
76 GOTO 1021
81 CLS
86 PRINT : PRINT : PRINT "YOU HAVE F
OUR OPTIONS WITH THIS PORTION OF
THE PROGRAM. . . "
91 PRINT :PRINTTAB( 7)" THEY ARE AS
FOLLOWS . . "
96 PRINT: PRINT :PRINT"HIT ANY KEY
choice of on-screen or printer displays
is given. The printer routine gives a
year-by-year printout of interest paid,
principal, paid outstanding balance,
total payments, and years and months
required to retire the loan. There is an
on-screen bar graph of interest paid at
all options. Any calculated screen can
also be dumped to the printer by press-
ing the 'P' key. I found this easier than
writing down all the information on a
scratch pad. The amount of money that
can be saved with just a little extra each
month literally amazes me, as I am sure
it will you.
(Any questions you have about Mort-
gage Planner may be directed to Mr.
Carson at 7600 Condit Road, Center-
burg, OH 43011, phone 614-625-6936.
Please include an SASE when writ-
ing.) □
TO CONTINUE"
lj31 K$=INKEY$ : IFK$=" "THEN 101ELS
E1J36
1J36 CLS: PRINT" 1) CONTINUE TO MAK
E NORMAL MONTHLY PAYMENTS
ii
• • •<
111 PRINT: PRINT" 2) MAKE 1/2 OF N
ORMAL PAYMENT EVERY 14 DAYS.
ii
116 PRINT: PRINT" 3) LUMP SUM (IN
EXCESS OF NORMAL PAYMENT) ONCE
EACH YEAR ..."
121 PRINT: PRINT" 4) INCREASE MONT
HLY PAYMENT BY (X) AMOUNT. .. (X
) AMOUNT USED TO REDUCE BALANCE
ON A MONTHLY BASIS"
126 PRINT "HIT ANY KEY TO CONTINU
E"
131 K$=INKEY$ : IFK$=" "THEN 131ELS
E 136
136 CLS: PRINT© 7 5, "options"
141 PRINT : PRINTTAB ( 1 j3 ) " 1 2 3
4"
146 PRINT : PRINTTAB (1J3) "select on
e"
151 PRINTSTRING$ (32 , »*")
156 PRINT "1= NORMAL PAYMENT"
161 PRINT: PRINT "2= 1/2 NORMAL PA
YMENT"
166 PRINT: PRINT" 3= LUMP SUM"
171 PRINT: PRINT "4= EXCESS MONTHL
Y"
176 INPUT S
181 ON S GOTO 231,546,821,841
186 CLS : PRINT @ 19 5, "what is your
normal . . . . "
191 PRINT@2 63 , "monthly payment..
164 THE RAINBOW March 1986
196 INPUT NP
201 CLS: PRINT© 19 3, "what is your
interest rate . . . . "
2J36 PRINT@258, "input as per exam
pie <.J3950 >"
211 INPUT AI
216 CLS: PRINT© 19 2, "what is your
current balance.."
221 INPUT CB
226 GOTO 81
231 CLS:PRINT@26j3, "DO YOU WANT A
PRINTOUT OF ... "
236 PRINT§324 , "YEARLY ANALYSIS..
ii
241 PRINT: PRINTTAB( 11) " ( Y/N ) "
246 K$=INKEY$:IFK$=""THEN246
251 IFK$="Y"THEN 421ELSEIFK$="N"
THEN2 5 6
256 CLS: PRINT© 19 6, "calculating t
otals. . . "
261 PRINT§26j3, "please stand by..
ii
•
266 POKE 65495,0
271 DP=3j3.41:Z=l
276 DI=AI/3 65
281 IN=DI*CB*DP
286 P=NP-IN
291 PB=PB+P+EP
296 CB=CB-P
301 TP=TP+NP+EP
306 TI(S)=TI(S)+IN
311 CB=CB-EP
316 IF CB<=0THEN326ELSE321
321 IFZ=M THEN831ELSEZ=Z+l:GOT02
81
326 TI(S)=TI(S)-CB:PB=PB+CB
331 CLS : PRINTTAB ( 12) "OPTION ";S
336 PRINT: PRINT "INTEREST PAID";:
PRINTTAB (21);: PRINTUS ING '•$######
.##";TI(S)
341 PRINT "PRINCIPAL PAID";: PRINT
TAB(21) ;:PRINTUSING"$######.##";
PB
346 PRINTTAB (21) STRING$ ( 10 , " - " )
351 PRINT "TOTAL PAID" ;: PRINTTAB (
21) ; :PRINTUSING"$######. ##";TP
356 Z=Z/12
361 PRINT: PRINT "YEARS TO RETIRE
LOAN . . " ; : PRINTUS ING" ##.#"; Z
366 PRINT "NORMAL PAYMENT
" ; : PRINTUS ING" $####.##"; NP
371 PRINT" INTEREST RATE
";AI;"%"
376 IFS=3GOSUB142 6ELSEIFS=4GOSUB
1431
381 POKE 65494,0
THE ANYONE-CAN-USE
HALLEY'S - COMET
LOCATER ®
A ONCE-IN-A-LIFETIME EVENT!
THIS VERY FRIENDLY SOFTWARE PACKAGE
includes:
• Complete day by day Halley's Comet Positions on
7 High Resolution Star Charts from Nov., 1985 to
June, 1986. Includes a graphics screen DUMP to
take hard copy outside with you.
• Documented by a 50+ page USER GUIDE with
easy instructions for using each star chart, general
information on the night sky, comet information
and photographing the comet.
ON DISC FOR: COLOR COMPUTER, IBM PC
order from:
CELMARK
P.O. BOX 4493
MIAMI, FL 33269
$34.50
+ $2.00 ship.
Fla. residents add 5% sales tax. Canadian add 6%. Foreign add 15%
BUSINESS SOFTWARE
$ PORTFOLIO $
BUSINESS DATABASE SYSTEMS
* Reviewed In HOT CoCo Dec. 1984 & RAINBOW Feb. 1985 ★
• DATABASE MANAGEMENT - define, reorganized & update a database
• SPREAD SHEET - calculations to update database
• REPORT MODULE - customized report formats with headings & totals
• WORD PROCESSOR - merge database with custom letters, labels, & reports
• MACRO PROCEDURES - store any report calculations with sorts & selections
• UTILITIES — generate, merge, summarize, & summarize-post
• 216 PAGE MANUAL WITH STEP-BY-STEP TUTORIAL
• WORKBASE I (600 Records) $49.95 - WORKBASE II (1200 Records) $59.95
BUSINESS APPLICATION PACKAGES
• READYTO-USE - 50-page manual, database, calculations, & reports
• SELF-CONTAINED - purchase & use any package independently
• BUILT-IN DATABASE FUNCTIONS - selectively display/print records
• COMPREHENSIVE - all major accounting functions addressed
• EASY TO USE - all packages are entirely menu driven
• EXPANDABLE - use any application database with WORKBASE DATABASE
• PROVEN - currently used in businesses, churches, and accounting firms
• COST EFFECTIVE - $29.95 per package - $24.95 when 2 or more purchased
INVENTORY CONTROL
SALES ORDER ENTRY
ACCOUNTS PAYABLE
PAYROLL
RENTAL PROPERTY
★
★
★
ALL SOFTWARE REQUIRES 32K/64K TRS-80 CoCo & 1 DISK DRIVE
* FREE CATALOG AVAILABLE *
★ ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE
★ GENERAL LEDGER
★ PURCHASE ORDER ENTRY
★ CHURCH MEMBERSHIP
ORDERING: CHECK, MONEY ORDER,
COD, MASTERCARD, VISA
Price Includes shipping in USA
NC residents add 4.5% sales tax
WORKBASE DATA SYSTEMS
P.O. Box 3448
Durham, NC 27702
Call Toll Free 1-800-334-0854 ext 887
(919) 288-3445 NC Residents only
March 1986 THE RAINBOW 165
1
386 C$=INKEY$:IFC$= IM, THEN386
391 IFC$="P"THENGOSUB 1381ELSE 3
96
396 IF S=4 THEN GOSUB 1246 '.GOTO
4/31
4/31 CB=PB: PB=/3 : Z=/3 : TB=0 : TP=j3 : LS=
/3:EP=/3
4/36 PRINT: PRINT "DO YOU WANT THIS
OPTION AGAIN"
411 PRINTTAB ( 12 ) " ( Y/N ) " : INPUT
C$:IFC$="N"THEN 136 ELSE 416
416 TI(S)=/3:GOTO 136
421 CLS : PRINT @ 2 6 4, "now printing"
426 PRINT#-2,TAB(30) "OPTION 11 ;S
431 IFS=3GOSUB851
436 IFS=4GOSUB856
441 PRINT#-2,"YEAR";TAB(6) "INT.P
AID" ;TAB( 18) "PRINCIPAL PAID" ;TAB
(35)" TOTAL PAYMENT " ; TAB (51)" OUTS
TANDING BALANCE"
446 DP=3/3.41:Z=1:H=12:Y=1
451 DI=AI/365
456 IN=DI*CB*DP
461 P=NP-IN
466 PB=PB+P+EP
471 CB=CB-P
476 TP=TP+NP+EP
481 TI(S)=TI(S)+IN
486 CB=CB-EP
491 IFCB<=0THEN511ELSE496
496 IFZ=H THEN836ELSEZ=Z+l:GOT04
56
501 IFCB</3THENCB=/3
506 PRINT#-2,Y; : PRINT#-2 , TAB ( 6) ;
: PRINT#-2 ,USING"$###### . ##" ;TI (S
) ;:PRINT#-2,TAB(18) ; : PRINT#-2 ,US
ING" $######.##"; PB; :PRINT#-2, TAB
(35) ;:PRINT#-2,USING"$######.##"
;TP; :PRINT#-2,TAB(51) ; :PRINT#-2,
USING" $######.##"; CB : Y=Y+ 1 : H=H+1
2:GOT0456
511 TI(S)=TI(S)-CB:PB=PB+CB
516 PRINT#-2,""
521 PRINT#-2,TAB(5) " YEARS "; TAB ( 1
2 ) "TOTAL INTEREST" ; TAB (28) "TOTAL
PRINCIPAL" ; TAB (45)" TOTAL PAYMEN
TS"
526 PRINT#-2,""
531 Z=Z/12
536 PRINT#-2,TAB(5) :PRINT#-2,USI
NG"##.#";Z; :PRINT#-2,TAB(12) ; : PR
INT#-2,USING"$######.##";TI(S) ;:
PRINT#-2,TAB(28) ; : PRINT#-2 , USING
"$######. ##";PB;:PRINT#-2,TAB(45
) ;:PRINT#-2,USING"$######.##";TP
541 CB=PB : TP=0 : TI=/3 : PB=/3 : EP=0 : LS
=J3:G0T0 13 6
546 CLS : PRINTS 2 6/3 , "DO YOU WANT A
PRINTOUT OF ... "
551 PRINT© 3 2 4, "YEARLY ANALYSIS..
ii
556 PRINT: PRINTTAB ( 11 ) » ( Y/N ) "
561 K$=INKEY$:IF K$=""THEN561
566 IFK$="Y"THEN716ELSEIFK$="N"T
HEN5 8 1
571 ' '
576 • 1
581 CLS:NP=NP/2:DP=14:Z=1:H=26:Y
=1
586 POKE65495,/3
591 PRINT@196, "calculating total
O . . .
596 PRINT@26J3, "please stand by..
ii
6/31 DI=AI/3 65
6/36 IN=DI*CB*DP
611 P=NP-IN
616 PB=PB+P
621 CB=CB-P
626 TP=TP+NP
631 TI(S)=TI(S)+IN
63 6 IFCB<=/3THEN646ELSE641
641 Z=Z+l:GOT06/36
646 TI(S)=TI(S)-CB:PB=PB+CB
651 CLS: PRINTTAB (11) "OPTION ";S
656 PRINT: PRINT" INTEREST PAID";:
PRINTTAB (21) ; : PRINTUSING"$######
.##";TI(S)
661 PRINT"PRINCIPAL PAID";: PRINT
TAB(21) ; :PRINTUSING"$######.##»;
PB
666 PRINTTAB (21) STRING$ ( 1/3 , " - " )
671 PRINT "TOTAL PAID" ;: PRINTTAB (
21) ; : PRINTUSING"$# #####. ##" ;TP
676 Z=Z/24
681 PRINT: PRINT "YEARS TO RETIRE
LOAN . . " ; : PRINTUSING" ##.#"; Z
686 PRINT" 1/2 NORMAL PAYMENT
."; : PRINTUSING" $###.## ";NP
691 PRINT" INTEREST RATE
";AI;"%"
696 POKE65494,j3
7/31 C$=INKEY$:IFC$=""THEN 7/31
7/36 IFC$="P"THEN GOSUB 13 81 ELSE
711
711 NP=NP*2:TP=/3:TI=/3:CB=PB:PB=/3
:GOTO 13 6 ' :
716 CLS : PRINT@264 , "NOW PRINTING"
721 PRINT#-2,TAB(3/3) "OPTION" ;S
726 PRINT#-2,"YEAR";TAB(6) "INT.P
AID" ;TAB ( 18 ) "PRINCIPAL PAID" ;TAB
(35) "TOTAL PAYMENTS" ; TAB (51) "OUT
STANDING BALANCE"
731 NP=NP/2:DP=14:Z=1:H=2 6:Y=1
736 DI=AI/365
741 IN=DI*CB*DP
746 P=NP-IN
751 PB=PB+P
166
THE RAINBOW March 1986
756 CB=CB-P
761 TP=TP+NP
766 TI(S)=TI(S)+IN
771 IF CB<=0THEN 786ELSE776
776 IFZ-H=0THEN781ELSEZ=Z+1:GOTO
741
781 PRINT#-2,Y; :PRINT#-2,TAB(6) ;
:PRINT#-2,USING"$######.##»;TI(S
) ; :PRINT#-2,TAB(18) ;: PRINT #-2, US
ING"$######.##";PB;:PRINT#-2,TAB
(35) ; :PRINT#-2 / USING"$###### . ##"
;TP; :PRINT#-2 / TAB(51) ; :PRINT#-2,
USING»$######.##";CB:Y=Y+1:Z=Z+1
:H=H+26:GOTO 741
786 TI(S)=TI (S) -CB:PB=PB+CB
791 PRINT #-2 , "" : PRINT* -2 , "YEARS"
;TAB(7) "TOTAL INTEREST" ;TAB(23) "
TOTAL PRINCIPAL" ; TAB ( 40 ) "TOTAL P
AYMENTS"
796 Z=Z/24
80 1 PRINT # - 2 , " " : PRINT # -2 , US ING " #
# . # " ; Z ; : PRINT#-2 , TAB ( 7 ) ; : PRINT#-
2 / USING»$######.##";TI(S) ;: PRINT
#-2,TAB(23) ;:PRINT#-2, USING" $###
###.##".; PB; :PRINT#-2,TAB(40) ; : PR
INT#-2 / USING"$######.##";TP
8)36 NP=NP*2:CB=PB:TP=0:TI=0:PB=0
811 PRINT"HIT ANY KEY TO CONTINU
E»
816 K$=INKEY$ : IFK$=" "THEN816ELSE
136
821 CLS:PRINT@195,"amount of lum
p sum payment" :M= 12
826 INPUT LS:GOT0231
831 TP=TP+LS : CB=CB-LS : PB=PB+LS : Z
=Z+l:M=M+12:GOT0281
836 CB=CB-LS : PB=PB+LS : TP=TP+LS : Z
=Z+l:M=M+12:GOTO 501
841 CLS: PRINT@192, "amount of ex
cess payment" : INPUT EP
846 GOTO 231
851 PRINT#-2,TAB(25) "LUMP SUM AM
OUNT "; :PRINT#-2 / USING"$####*##"
; LS : RETURN
856 PRINT #-2, TAB (22) "AMOUNT OF E
XCESS PAYMENT ";: PRINT#-2 , USING"
$####. ##";EP:RETURN
861 CLS:PRlNT@164,"how much will
you finance" : INPUTPV
866 CLS:PRINT@164, "how many mont
hs":INPUTM
871 CLS :PRINT@163, "what is the i
nterest rate" : INPUTK
876 IFK<1THEN GOTO 951
881 K=K/12:K=K/100
886 C=(l+K) A M:C=C-1
891 D=(K+1) A M:D=D*K
896 C=C/D
901 IFPV=0THENGOTO956
906 A=PV/C
911 K=K*12:K=K*100
916 CLS :PRINT@9 6, "AMOUNT OF THE
LOAN" : PRINT© 118 , USING" $######.##
" ; PV
921 PRINT© 16 2, "NO. OF MONTHS":PR
INT@183,M
92 6 PRINT@2 2 6, "INTEREST RATE": PR
INT@246,K;"%"
931 PRINT@290, "MONTHLY PAYMENTS"
:PRINT@3J39, USING" $####.##», -A
936 S$=INKEY$:IFS$=""THEN936
941 IF S$="P"THENGOSUB 1381 ELSE
996
946 GOTO 996
951 CLS:PRINT@228, "PLEASE STATE
INTEREST RATE AS A VALUE GR
EATER THAN 1" : INPUTK: GOT0881
956 CLS :PRINT@ 162, "what are the
monthly payments" : INPUTA
961 PV=A*C:GOTO 911
966 GOSUB 1381
971 PRINT#-2,""
976 PRINT #-2, "AMOUNT OF LOAN";:P
RINT#-2,USING"$######.##";PV
981 PRINT# -2 , "MONTHS REQUIRED TO
RETIRE LOAN" ; : PRINT#-2 ,M
986 PRINT #-2, "INTEREST RATE" ;K; :
PRINT#-2,"%"
991 PRINT# -2, "MONTHLY PAYMENTS";
:PRINT#-2, USING" $####.##"; A
996 CLS : PRINT@224 , "DO YOU WANT A
NOTHER CALCULATION"
10j31 PRINTTAB(ll) " (Y/N) "
1006 S$=INKEY$:IFS$=""THEN10j36
1011 IFS$="Y" THEN 861 ELSE 1016
1016 CB=PV:K=K/100:AI=K:NP=A:GOT
0 81
1021 CLS : PRINT@164 , "DO YOU WANT
INSTRUCTIONS" :PRINT@205,"( Y/N )
ii
102 6 K$=INKEY$ : IFK$=" "THEN 102 6
1031 IF K$="Y"THEN 1441 ELSE 115
6
1036 CLS: PRINT" IF YOU ARE PLANNI
NG A HOME PURCHASE. .THE LOA
N CALCULATOR CAN DETERMINE YOU
R MONTHLY PAYMENTS ... IF YOU
KNOW WHAT YOU CAN AFFORD PER MO
NTH, BUT DONT KNOW THE AMOUNT Y
OU CAN FINANCE TO ARRIVE AT THIS
PAYMENT "
1041 PRINT "THEN loan calculator
CAN HELP. . "
1046 PRINT: PRINT "HIT ANY KEY TO
CONTINUE"
1051 K$=INKEY$ : IFK$=" "THEN1051EL
SE 1056
1056 CLS: PRINT "WHEN YOU ARE ASKE
March 1 986 THE RAINBOW 167
D HOW MUCH YOU WILL FINANCE. . . JU
ST HIT <ENTER> YOU WILL THEN BE
ASKED THE AMOUNT OF MONTHLY
PAYMENT . ENTER WHAT YOU WANT TO
PAY PER MONTH. THE PROGRAM WILL
THEN RETURN THE AMOUNT YOU CAN FI
NANCE TO GIVE
1061 PRINT "YOU THE PAYMENTS YOU
WANT"
1066 PRINT: PRINT :PRINT"HIT ANY K
EY TO CONTINUE"
1071 K$=INKEY$:IFK$=""THEN1071EL
SE 1076
1076 CLS: PRINT "AFTER FINDING OUT
THE AMOUNT YOUCAN FINANCE. RUN
THE"
1081 PRINTTAB ( 7 ) "mortgage saving
s"
1086 PRINT"PORTION OF THIS PROGR
AM."
1091 PRINT"IT WILL SHOW THREE WA
YS YOU CAN SAVE THOUSANDS OF DOL
LARS AND MANY YEARS OFF YOUR M
ORTGAGE . "
1096 PRINT "YOU CAN HAVE A YEARLY
PRINTOUT OF ANY OR ALL OPTIONS
.IT WILL SHOW, BY YEAR, INTEREST
PAID, TOTAL PAYMENT , CURRENT BALA
NCE AND YEARS PAID. IT WILL T
HEN GIVE TOTALS OF ALL ITEMS.
1101 PRINT: PRINT "HIT ANY KEY TO
CONTINUE"
1106 K$=INKEY$ : IFK$=" "THEN 1106E
LSE 1111
1111 CLS: PRINT" IN ORDER TO SEE A
N ON SCREEN COMPARISON OF INT
EREST PAID ON ALL OPTIONS, Y
OU MUST RUN OPTION 4 LAST."
1116 PRINT: PRINT "WHEN THERE IS N
O CURSOR ON A CALCULATED SCRE
EN YOU CAN GET A PRINTOUT BY PRE
SSING THE LETTER p ANY OTHER KEY
WILL CONTINUE THE PROGRAM"
1121 PRINT :PRINT"HIT ANY KEY TO
CONTINUE"
112 6 K$=INKEY$ : IFK$=" "THEN112 6EL
SE1131
1131 CLS : PRINT "THE AMOUNTS GIVEN
IN THIS PROGRAM SHOULD NO
T BE CONSTRUED TO BE EXACT AMOUN
TS YOU WILL PAYOR SAVE BUT
SHOULD BE USED ONLY AS A GUIDE T
0 REPRESENT YOUR PAYMENTS AND
SAVINGS"
1136 PRINT"OPTION 2 OF THIS PROG
RAM MAY NOT BE ACCEPTABLE TO YOUR
LENDER PLEASE CHECK WITH THE
M BEFORE ATTEMPTING THIS METHO
D.
1141 PRINT"IF YOU ARE CONSIDERIN
G A HOME PURCHASE THIS IS AN A
TTRACTIVE WAY TO SET UP YOUR LO
AN PAYOFF AS YOU WILL SEE.
1146 PRINT "HIT ANY KEY TO CONTIN
UE"
1151 K$=INKEY$:IFK$=""THEN1151EL
SE1156
1156 CLS:PRINT"DO YOU WANT TO GO
TO THE LOAN CALCULATOR OR TO
MORTGAGE PLANNER"
1161 PRINT :PRINT"IF YOU CHOOSE T
HE CALCULATOR PORTION OF THE
PROGRAM THE LAST AMOUNTS US
ED WILL BE AUTO- MAT I C ALLY BE EN
TERED INTO THE MORTGAGE PLANNE
R"
1166 PRINT: PRINT"PRESS <C> FOR C
ALCULATOR AND <M> FOR MORTGAGE P
LANNER"
1171 S$=INKEY$:IFS$=""THEN 1171
1176 IF S$="C"THEN 861 ELSE 186
1181 FORL=1024TO1055
1186 POKEL, 191:NEXTL
1191 L=1056
1196 POKEL, 191
1201 L=L+32
1206 IFL=1504+32THEN1211ELSE1196
1211 FORL=1504TO1535
1216 POKEL, 191: NEXTL
1221 L=1535
1226 POKEL, 191
1231 L=L-32
1236 IFL=1055 THEN1241ELSE 1226
1241 FORT=1TO700*2 : NEXTT : RETURN
1246 CLS: PRINT "DO YOU WANT TO CO
MPARE INTEREST ON ALL FOUR OPTIO
NS"
1251 PRINT : PRINTTAB ( 11) " (Y/N) "
1256 K$=INKEY$:IFK$=""THEN1256
1261 IF K$="Y" THEN GOTO1501ELSE
RETURN
1266 CLS:S=1
1271 TI(S)=TI(S) *10000
1276 PRINT : PRINT" OPTION" ;S; :PRIN
TUSING»$######.##";TI(S)
1281 S=S+1 :IF S=5 THEN 1286 ELS
E 1271
1286 IFTI(2)<=TI(3)THEN1291ELSE1
296
1291 IFTI (2)=0THEN1296 ELSE IFTI
( 2 ) <=TI ( 4 ) THEN1 301ELSE12 9 6
1296 IFTI(3)=0THEN 1311 ELSEIFTI
(3) <=TI(4) THEN 1306 ELSE1311
1301 TI (6)=TI (1) -TI (2) :GOT01316
1306 TI(6)=TI(1)-TI(3) :GOT01316
1311 TI(6)=TI(1)-TI(4) :GOT01316
1316 PRINT: PRINT "YOU CAN SAVE " ;
:PRINTUSING"$######.##";TI(6)
168 THE RAINBOW March 1986
Take your CoCo to the MAX.
This is one of those rare
programs that will captivate
everyone in your family....
No one can see CoCo Max
and not want to try it!
We are all witnessing an exciting revolu-
tion in microcomputers: a radically new
kind of computer and software that
opens a whole new world of creative
power to computer users.
It was inevitable that this exciting ap-
proach would be brought to the CoCo.
With this in mind, Colorware chose to
go all out and maximize this new con-
cept for the color computer. That meant
designing not just software but hardware
too. It meant thousands of hours of pure
machine language programming. Rarely
has this much effort been applied to one
product for the Color Computer.
UNMATCHED CAPABILITY...
Because we took the maximum approach:
highly optimized machine code combin-
ed with hardware, CoCo Max truly
stands above the rest as the ultimate
creative tool for the Color Computer. It's
unrivaled performance lets you create
with more brilliance and more speed
than any similar system - much more
than you ever imagined possible. And,
you can do it in black & white or color.
All the sophisticated power of the bigger
systems is there: Icons, Pull-Down Menus,
full Graphic Editing, Font Styles, and all
kinds of handy tools and shortcuts.
Plug your joystick, mouse or touch pad
into CoCo Max's Hi-Res Input Unit. Then
use a delightfully simple Point-and-Click
method to get any of CoCo Max's power-
ful graphic tools. It has them all:
You can Brush, Spray or Fill with any Col-
or, Shading or Pattern. Use Rubber Band
Lines and Shapes (square, rectangle, cir-
cle, elipse, etc.) to create perfect illustra-
tions with speed and ease. There's a Pen-
cil, an Eraser and even a selection of
Caligraphy Brushes. And, as you can see,
CoCo Max can do a lot with text.
All of the newest special effects are
there: Trace Edges, Flip, Invert, Brush Mir-
rors, etc. And all of the very latest super-
capabilities like: Undo, which
automatically reverses your mistakes, and
Fat Bits which zooms you Way in on any
part of your subject to allow dot-for-dot
precision.
THE BIG PICTURE
The large image box in the middle of the
CoCo Max screen is actually only a win-
dow on an even larger image. Use the
Point-and Click "Hand" to effortlessly
move your window over any portion of
the larger image. You have a working
area of up to 3-V2 times the area of the
window itself.
FLEXIBLE PRINTING...
CoCo Max gives you many ways to print.
Fill a whole page with your image or
condense two full CoCo screens to less
than 1 /4 page for a finely detailed copy.
"Dump" your CoCo Max screen full size
or shrink it to 1 /a page size.
FREEDOM TO CREATE...
Anyone who wants to create anything at
all on their CoCo screen or printer will
certainly be very glad to meet CoCo
Max. CoCo Max's friendly yet
sophisticated graphic and text
capabilities let you almost instantly pro-
duce illustrations, diagrams, charts,
graphs, and computer art - for serious
use or just for creative fun.
tion by using software schemes such as
sliding windows. Although clever, these
schemes yield sluggish and awkward
results. Only CoCo Max does it the right
way. The CoCo Max Hi-Res Input Unit
plugs into your ROM slot and adds an
entirely new joystick input to your com-
puter - a precision one with a 49,152
point resolution to match the CoCo
screen exactly.
Plug your same joystick, mouse or touch
You may then use CoCo Max's graphic
magic on it. The DS-69 is available as an
option from Colorware from $149.95
complete with its own software on disk
or tape. Using the DS-69 with a disk re-
quires an RS multi-pak adaptor.
COCO MAX REQUIREMENTS
The CoCo Max System includes the Hi-
Res Input Unit, software on disk or
cassette (please specify) and user manual.
It will work on any 64K Extended or non-
AN ABSOLUTE GUARANTEE
CoCo Max is a hardware/software system
that.no software-only system can
match. Get CoCo Max and see your
CoCo perform as it never could before.
If you don't agree that CoCo Max is the
ultimate creative tool for the Color Com-
puter, simply return it within 20 days for
a full, courteous refund from Colorware.
THE HARDWARE...
This is the key to CoCo Max's unmatch-
ed performance. Did you know the nor-
mal joystick input built into the Color
Computer only allows access to 4,096 (64
x 64) points on theCoCo screen? Yet, the
Color Computer's high resolution screen
has 49,152 (256 x 192) pixels. This means
that a joystick, mouse or even a touch
pad can, at best, only access about one
tenth of the pixels on the CoCo screen.
Most graphic programs ignore this hard-
ware limitation of the Color Computer
and give you only low-res control.
Others attempt to overcome the limita-
pad into this new input and you have a
whole new kind of control, The dif-
ference is remarkable.
A DIGITIZER OPTION...
We studied all the video digitizers
available and picked the best of them to
link with CoCo Max. The DS-69 from
Micro Works was our choice. This op-
tional device lets you capture the image
from any video source (video recorder,
camera, etc.) on your Color Computer.
mt
HE
an
so
mm
sin
□
phi \\\®m*A
IHIIIIIMSMS
extended Color Computer. You'll need a
Radio Shack or equivalent joystick,
mouse or touch pad. Disk systems re-
quire a Multi-Slot Interface or Y-
Branching Cable.
THE COMPLETE COCO MAX SYSTEM,
with software on DISK $69.95
with software on CASSETTE (Available
Mar 85) $69.95
Y-BRANCHING CABLEAi you have a disk
system but do not have a Multi-Slot In-
terface, use this economical 40-pin, 1
male, 2 female cable to connect the
CoCo Max Hi-Res input unit and your
disk controller to your CoCo $27.95
Sorry, COCO MAX is not compatible with JDOS
COLORWARE
VISA
Colorware Inc.
78-03 F Jamaica Ave.
Woodhaven, NY 11421
(718) 647-2864
ORDERING INFORMATION
ADD $3.00 PER ORDER FOR SHIPPING AND HANDLING.
CO.D.'S ADD $3.00 EXTRA.
SHIPPING AND HANDLING FOR CANADA IS $5.00
WE ACCEPT VISA, MASTER CARD, M.O.'S, CHECKS.
N.Y. RESIDENTS MUST ADD SALES TAX.
Why do more CoCo owners
choose 'REAL TALKER'?
Sure it's priced right, but there's more...
Thousands of 'Real Talker' owners know 'Real Talker' beats ALL
other Coco voice synthesizers in ease of use and flexibility. And,
NO other Coco talker has a clearer, more intelligible voice.
That's quite a lot of advantage when you consider Real Talker's
unbeatable price. Yet Real Talker has some important features
that you simply will not find in other Coco talkers:
'SAY' command - You'll have your
computer talking brilliantly in just
minutes thanks to this powerful
new command. Type SAY
"ANYTHING YOU WANT" and
your words are instantly spoken.
It's that simple. Think how easy
this makes creating speaking Basic
programs. Adding speech to your
existing programs is a snap too.
'CONVERT' • This is a truly power-
ful command for the basic pro-
gramer, CONVERT automatically
transforms a machine language
dependent speaking program into
a stand-alone Basic program. In
other words, you can effortlessly
write speaking Basic programs thai
do not require a machine language
translator in memory. This is a uni-
que feature of 'Real Talker'. No
other voice synthesizer gives you
anything even remotely ap-
proaching this type of capability -
even synthesizers costing con-
siderably more.
'Real Talker' is compatible with any 16K, 32K, 64K Extended or
non-extended Color Computer. It works with any cassette or
disk system and comes complete and ready to talk through your
T.V. or monitor speaker. Price includes the 'Real Talker' elec-
tronic voice synthesizer in a ROM pack, software on cassette
(may be transferred to disk), and user manual.
NOW INCLUDED WITH
'REAL TALKER'.
1. /DR. TALK~Th\s interactive "Eliza"
3'pe psychoanalyst program will
iscuss your innermost problems
at length.
2. TALKING BATTLESHIP'-Ws you
vs. the computer in this speaking
version of tne classic game.
3. TALKING BLACKJACK'- Play for
big stakes against a rather talkative
casino dealer.
-..V M
-■<::■ . •ti''-.....
: V.*. .-.v. ' . fi
ONLY
'Real Talker' is a full-featured electronic voice syn-
thesizer unit buiit into a compact cartridge case. You
simply plug it into the side of your computer.
$5995
Other features include software controlled pitch, unlimited
vocabulary text-to-speech, and even a program that will recite
any ASCII file (such as from Teiewriter-64 & other word pro-
cessors). You also get Colorware's unique full-screen phoneme
editor program that let's you experiment with and modify speech
at it's most fundimental level.
'REAL TALKER-1' (for the original Color Computer).. .. ..$59.95
'REAL TALKER-2' (for the Color Computer-2).... $64.95
'Y - BRANCHING CABLE' For disk systems. If you have a disk
system but do not have a Radio Shack Multi-Slot unit, this
economical cable will allow to connect and use your
Real Talker and Disk system together..
TALK
If you have a 'Real Talker', do not deprive yourself
of this absolutely incredible machine-language
Talking Head simulation program. While other
talking head simulations use a minimal cartoon-
like face, TALKHEAD uses high resolution, full-
screen, digitized images of an actual person's face
to create a life-like animated effect.
COLORWARE INC.
f*f%i f\DlAfA QtF 78-03F Jamaica Ave.
VwfcVn VfAtnC Wood haven, NY 11421
(718) 647-2864
SOFTWARE FOR THE 'REAL TALKER'
TALKHEAD can be easily commanded in Basic to
appear on screen and say anything you want.
Available on cassette or disk for only $19.95,
TALKHEAD requires 64K and a Colorware 'Real
Talker'.
ONLY$19.95
ACTUAL UNRBTOUCHED PHOTO
★ ★ ★ ORDERING INFORMATION * ★ ★
ADD $3.00 PER ORDER FOR SHIPPING AND HANDLING.
CO.D.'S ADD $3.00 EXTRA.
SHIPPING AND HANDLING FOR CANADA IS $5.00
WE ACCEPT VISA, MASTER CARD, M.O.'S, CHECKS.
N. Y. RESIDENTS MUST ADD SALES TAX.
1321
1326
E 133
1331
VIEW
IN"
1336
KEY
1341
1346
1351
ii
K$=INKEY$:IFK$=""THEN1321
IFK$="P"THEN GOSUB 1381 ELS
1
PRINT: PRINT" PRESS <R> TO RE
OPTIONS AND RUN PROGRAM AGA
PRINT: PRINT "PRESS ANY OTHER
TO END"
K$=INKEY$ : IFK$=" "THEN1341
IFK$="R"THEN 1366 ELSE 1351
CLS : PRINT @ 200 , " happy s av ing
1356 END
1361 GOSUB 1181
1366 S=l
1371 TI(S)=0:PB=0:Z=0:TB=0:TP=0:
LS=0 : EP=0 : Y=0 : S=S+1 : C2=0
1376 IF S=4+l THEN 1156 ELSE 137
1
1381 ZZ=0
1386 FORXX=1024TO1535
1391 YY=PEEK(XX) :ZZ=ZZ+1
1396 PP=YY AND 127
1401 IF PP>95 THENPP=PP-64
1406 PRINT#-2 / CHR$(PP) ;
1411 IF ZZ=32 THEN PRINT#-2 : ZZ=0
1416 NEXT XX
1421 RETURN
142$ PRINT "LUMP SUM AMOUNT
. " ; :PRINTTAB(21) ; : PRINTUSING"$#
###•##" ;LS:RETURN
1431 PRINT"EXCESS PAYMENT
" ; : PRINTTAB (21);: PRINTUS ING" $ # # #
.##";EP: RETURN
1436 CLS
1441 CLS : PRINT"HERE 1 S THE BEST I
DEA TO COME ALONG IN QUITE A
WHILE: PAY OFF YOUR MORTGAGE FAS
TER,IN ORDER TO GET A QUICKER
EQUTIY BUILDUP IN YOUR HOUSE.
1446 PRINT" IT USED TO COST A LIT
TLE MORE EACH MONTH TO REACH
THIS GOAL. BUT A NEW KIND OF MOR
TGAGE THAT IS JUST TAKING HOLD I
N THE U.S. CAN MAKE THE PROCESS
ALMOST PAINLESS .
1451 PRINT "FASTER MORTGAGE PAYME
NTS WILL SAVE YOU A FORTUNE IN
INTEREST RATES .
1456 PRINTTAB (10) "HIT ANY KEY"
1461 K$=INKEY$:IFK$=""THEN1461 E
LSE 1466
1466 CLS : PRINT "THE NEW WAY TO FA
STER HOME OWNERSHIP IS THROUGH A
BI-WEEKLY PAYMENT PLAN. YOU
R LOAN IS AMORTIZED AS IF I
T WERE GOING TO LAST FOR 30 YE
ARS . BUT . . . INSTEAD OF PAYING
ONCE A MONTH, YOU MAKE 1/2 OF
THE MONTHLY"
1471 PRINT "PAYMENT EVERY TWO WEE
KS. THIS SCHEDULE LEADS TO THE
EQUIVALENTOF 13 MONTHLY PAYMENT
S EVERY YEAR RATHER THAN THE
USUAL 12."
1476 PRINT"THIS MAY NOT SOUND LI
KE MUCH OF A CHANGE. BUT ITS EFF
ECT IN CUTTING THE TIME AND
COST OF ANYMORTGAGE IS ASTOUNDIN
G."
1481 K$=INKEY$:IFK$=""THEN1481 E
LSE 1486
1486 CLS:PRINT"THIS METHOD OF RE
PAYMENT IS option 2. YOU WILL
SEE HOW MUCH CAN BE SAVED WITH
THIS OPTION WHEN YOU COMPARE
INTEREST PAID ON ALL OPTIONS."
1491 PRINT: PRINTTAB (10) "HIT ANY
KEY"
1496 K$=INKEY$:IF K$=""THEN 1496
ELSE 1036
1501 CLS
1506 FOR L=1024 TO 1055
1511 POKE L, 175: NEXT L
1516 L=1056
1521 S=1:X=0
1526 X=49
1531 POKE L,X
1536 L=L+64
1541 X=X+1
1546 IF X=53 THEN 1551 ELSE 1531
1551 FOR L=1280 TO 1311
1556 POKE L,175
1561 NEXT L
1566 FOR L=1025 TO 1280 STEP 32
1571 X=175
1576 POKE L,X:NEXT L
1581 PRINT@291,"X 1 5 10 15
20 25 30"
1586 PRINT@320, "INTEREST = X TIM
ES $10,000"
1591 S=1:X=0
1596 L=1058+X
1601 TI(S)=TI(S)/10000
1606 F=FIX(TI (S) )
1611 FORL=L TO L+F
1616 POKEL,191
1621 NEXTL
1626 X=X+64
1631 S=S+1:IF S=4+l THEN 1641 EL
SE 1596
1636 POKEL, 191
1641 PRINT@384, "HIT <C> TO CONTI
NUE PROGRAM "
1646 PRINTQ416, "ANY OTHER KEY WI
LL END PROGRAM"
1651 K$=INKEY$:IF K$=""THEN1651
1656 IFK$="C"THEN 1266ELSE 1351 ^
March 1986 THE RAINBOW 173
I*
★
* ★★*****★★***★*****★**★*★ ***^
I , „^, ,, u; l ;, i... y .i
Q/va us yoi/r bd^f; Join the ranks of these courageous CoCoists in showing the Color Computer world
your high score at your favorite micro-diversion. We want to put your best effort on record in THE RAINBOW'S
"Scoreboard" column. All entries must be received 60 days prior to publication. Entries should be printed
— ' legibly — and must include your full name, address, game title, company name and, of course, your high
score* Each individual is limited to three score entries per month. Send your entries to Scoreboard, c/o the
IpfNBOW. The "Rainbow Scoreboard" is now a bimonthly feature.
greater convenience, your high scores may also be sent to us through the MAIL section of our new
i CoGo $16. From the CoCo SIG> prompt, pick MAIL, then type SEND and address to: editors.
* Current Record Holder
Shutout
AN DRONE (Radio Shack)
54,300 ★Daphnie Phillips, Evansville, Wl
ASTRO BLAST (Mark Data)
53,950 ★Bill Fritsch, Whitehall, PA
ATOM (Radio Shack)
54 ★Brent Heaton, Anderson, SC
53 Alan Drazen, Longwood, FL
BASEBALL (Radio Shack)
525-50 ★Bob Dewitt, Blue Island, IL
89-0 »Skipper Taday, East Lyme, CT
BATS AND BUGS (THE RAINBOW, 7/84)
24,600 ★Michael Rosenberg, Prestonburg,
3,050 Jay Lose, Gulfport, MS
3,000 Michael Scott, Johnstown, NY
2,500 Steven Bullard, Allen, OK
BLACKBEARDS ISLAND (NOVASOFT)
79 ★Jeff Roberg, Winfield, KS
BLACKJAK (THE RAINBOW, 4/84)
$10,000 ★Wayne Dewitt, Blue Island, IL
BLACK SANCTUM (Mark Data)
106 ★Jeff Hillison, Blacksburg, VA
109 Gregg Shay, Sunnymead, CA
109 James Stakelin, Cynthiana, KY
BREWMASTER (NOVASOFT)
279,600 ★Alan Drazen, Longwood, FL
216,350 Jean-Francois Morin, Loretteville,
Quebec
166,175 Scott Purrone, Roselle Park, NJ
98,875 Chris Cope, Central, SC
78,100 Steve Leonard, Roselle Park, NJ
21,500 Joel Miller, Neenah, Wl
BROTAN THE BLUE (THE RAINBOW, 8/85)
1,384 ★Michael Scott, Johnstown, NY
822 Brian Voges, Jasper, IN
BUSTOUT (Radio Shack)
21,850
★Charles Egglesfield, Sault Ste Marie,
Ontario
Chris Zepka, North Adams, MA
Wayne Dewitt. Blue Island, IL
Ken Dewitt, Blue Island, IL
George Frausto, Blue Island, IL
BUZZARD BAIT (Tom Mix)
4,455,150 ★Paul Rumrill, Gales Ferry, CT
Blossom Mayor, East Greenbush, NY
Jay Pribble, Davenport, IA
Paul Bullman, Rocky Mountain
House, Alberta
Terry Pribble, Davenport, IA
CANYON CLIMBER (Radio Shack)
9,129,100 ★Gary Mohnsen, Tucson, AZ
Brett Fancher, Hooksett, NH
Chris Reynolds, Richmond, KY
Duane Sholter, Nipawin,
Saskatchewan
Beverly Herbers, Placentia, CA
Mark Lemke, Neenah, Wl
Steve Thomas, Ogdensburg, NY
Joel Miller, Neenah, Wl
18,403
14,500
13,000
6,500
3,091,700
101,450
75,700
55,450
1,004,000
362,400
330,400
286,800
62,000
60,400
42,800
CASHMAN (MichTron)
$31,260 ★Fred Naumann, Hailey, ID
27,530 Sally Naumann, Hailey, ID
24,920 Edwin Prather, Oxnard, CA
17,850 Matt Mendez, Baltimore, MD
CLOWNS & BALLOONS (Radio Shack)
352,020 ★Faye Keefer, Augusta, GA
45,460 Joyce Walcott, Mt. Clemens, Ml
31,770 Cameron Walcotl, Mt. Clemens, Ml
30,190 Jason Smith, Ellljay, GA
30,070 Paul Walcott, Mt. Clemens, Ml
COLOR BASEBALL (Radio Shack)
707-0 ★•ChlBlain Chillis, Trols-Rivieres,
Quebec
549-0 •Skipper Taday, East Lyme, CT
243-0 «Steve Mutton, Shrewsbury, MA i
147-1 Alton Updike, Deltona, FL
105-0 •Francis Yu, Calgary, Alberta
COLORPEDE (fntracotor)
3,107,194 ★John Ray, Goodlettsville, TN
133,036 Mariano Frausto, Blue Island, IL
59,529 Kevin Radwan, Blue Island, IL
37,560 Mark Motel, Blue Island, IL
15,056 Hiram Esparza, Blue Island, IL
COLOR POKER (THE RAINBOW, 4/83)
1 ,168,900 *Earl La Jesse Foster, Lynchburg, VA
CRASH (Tom Mix)
25,100 ★Jean-Francois Morin, Loretteville,
Quebec
CRYSTLE CASTLES (ThunderVision)
850,156 ★Michael Brennan, Calgary, Alberta
800,060 Dan Mitenko, Calgary, Alberta
689,751 Edwin Prather, Oxnard, CA
559,380 Jeff Dinger, Edgewood, MD
545,000 Jay Roberg, Winfield, KS
98,125 George Frausto, Blue Island, IL
DALLAS QUEST (Radio Shack)
90 *Roy Grant, Toledo, OH
91 John Semonin, Akron, OH
93 Tommy McClure, Doyline, LA
93 Robert Sunderland, Sacramento, CA
DEFENSE (Spectral Associates)
77,345 ★Mario Brule, Pointe Aux Trembles,
Quebec
56,720 Brett DuPont, Oregon, OH
DEMOLITION DERBY (Radio Shack)
97,600 ★Htllel Morris, Chicago, IL
88,800 Skipper Taday, East Lyme, CT
54,700 Scott Balthazor, Neenah, Wl
43,100 Chris Fox, Midlothian, VA
37,000 Alexander Taday, East Lyme, CT
DEMON ATTACK ((magic)
57,655 *Tracy Salzman, LaSafle, CO
29,750 Mike McGeoch, Havertown, PA
19,445 Erik Huffman, Rochester Hills, Ml
10,830 Rupert Young, Sheffield, MA
DEMON II (THE RAINBOW, 3/85)
21,925 ★Keith Schuler, Merritt Island, FL
DESERT RIDER (Radio Shack)
32,488 ★Erik Huffman, Rochester Hills, Ml
DOODLEBUG (Computerwara)
1 ,685,350 ★Caroline Cyr, Ottawa, Ontario
1,457,290 Thomas Haythornthwaite, Ottawa,
Ontario
825,370 Susan Ballinger, Uxbridge, Ontario
805,010 Bill Fritsch, Whitehall, PA
585,070 Johnny Fritsch, Whitehall, PA
DOUBLE BACK (Radio Shack)
1,618,400 ★Diane Guernon, Montreal, Quebec
614,450 Eugene Roosa, Stone Ridge, NY
450,600 Michael Brennan, Calgary, Alberta
8,970 Curtis Taylor, Scarborough, Ontario
DRACONIAN (Tom Mix)
628,470 ★Jeff Coladonato, Roslyn, PA
DRAQON FIRE (Radio Shack)
5,827 ★Susan Coker, Austell, GA
2,885 Stevie Hice, Newton, NC
1,520 Bette Hatcher, Norwalk, CA
DRAGON SLAYER (Tom Mix)
44,800 ★William Futer, Bridgeton, NJ
DUNKEY-MUNKEY (Intellectronics)
66,900 ★Michael Drouin, Reeds Spring. MO
16,500 Baiju Shah, Deep River, Ontario
1 1,000 Mariano Frausto, Blue Island, IL
ELECTRON (Tom Mix)
40,650 ★Brad Gaucher, Hinton, Alberta
14,627
12,497
8,430
7,792
FALCON'S LAIR (THE RAINBOW, 8/85)
17,463 *Michael Scott, Johnstown, NY
Alexander Taday, East Lyme, CT
Dick Teeter, Hawley, PA
Brian Voges, Jasper, IN
Steve Artmeier, Jasper, IN
FANG MAN (Tom Mix)
155,225 ★Daniel Thompson, St. Louis, MO
FOODWAR (Arcade Animation)
270,360 ★Edwin Prather, Oxnard, CA
165,960 Chris Cope, Central, SC
FOOTBALL (Radio Shack)
266-0 ★•Tim Hart, Salt Lake City, UT
THE FROG (Tom Mix)
11,080 *Mark Ferris, Deep River, Ontario
GALACTIC ATTACK (Radio Shack)
33,930 ★Allison larosis, Owego, NY
30,870 Oren Bergman, Herzlta, Israel
1 9,410 Ron Volans, Ogdensburg, NY
GALAGON (Spectral Associates)
1,306,640 ★Jackie Maddox, Iron Station, NC
GHANA BWANA ( Radio Shack)
218,420 *Rupert Young, Sheffield, MA
Brian McGregor, Oshawa, Ontario
Karen Goddard, Oshawa, Ontario
Tom Gaynor, New Milford, CT
Price Wood Jr,, Florence, SC
GHOST GOBBLER (Spectral Associates)
84,410 *Greg Erickson, Lowell, MA
Ghislain Chillis, Trois-Rivieres,
Quebec
Sylvain Castonguay, Chicoutlml,
Quebec
Jeff Weeks, Wetaskawin, Alberta
Alan Drazen, Longwood, FL
GOLD RUNNER (NOVASOFT)
373,850 ★Carmen Izzi Jr., Waterbury, CT
Andrew Reeves, Woodinvifle, WA
Eric Crichlow, Las Vegas, NV
Chris Cope, Central, SC
James Bower, Tuckerton, NJ
ICEMASTER (Arcade Animation)
85,225 ★Pierre-Antoine Levesque, Sainte-Foy,
Quebec
146,930
132,970
128,430
115,840
76,900
72,960
55,120
47,630
274,300
265,600
243,500
222,450
THE INTERPLANETARY FRUIT FLY (THE RAINBOW, 1/85)
37,000 *Scott Perkins, Port Orange, FL
22,000 Steven Bullard, Allen, OK
16,500 Michael Scott, Johnstown, NY
JUNIOR'S REVENGE (Computerwara)
1,072,600 ★Matthew Ramsay, Detroit, Ml
JUNKFOOD (THE RAINBOW, 11/84)
1,187,520 *Larry Thomson, Menominee, Ml
KAMAKAZIE KAR (THE RAINBOW, 8/85)
59.95 ★Matthew Schwenk, Catasauqua, PA
KEY BOMBER (THE RAINBOW, 8/84)
29,052 *Tony Boring, Armagh, PA
THE KING (Tom Mix)
1,670,900 ★Yolanda Farr, Sayre, PA
29,450 Mark Motel, Blue Island, IL
14,500 Ken Dewitt, Blue Island, IL
KING TUT ( Tom Mix)
138,500 ★Martin Culver, San Francisco, CA
KLENDATHU (Radio Shack)
1 , 1 77,550 ★ Dan Franzen , Westla ke, O H
41 2,809 Jay Pribble, Davenport, IA
266,362 Brian Ennis, Wilmington, NC
KNOCK OUT (Diecom Products)
1 31 ,21 0 ★ Eric Crichlow, Las Vegas, NV
107,895 Bret Dennis, Delaware, OH
LASERWORM & FIREFLY (THE RAINBOW, 11/83)
38,3B0 ★Brian Voges, Jasper, IN
★★*****★*★ ****★★*★★★★*★*★★***
174 THE RAINBOW March 1986
I
*********
A
220/112
220/112
220/112
220/112
139,210
129,950
128,590
126,750
91,670
88,900
83,230
747,460
359,980
215,810
106,390
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
if
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
* ********************* **^*jt** - *
March 1986 THE RAINBOW 175
LEMANS f Sp&cttel Associates)
0:70 '★Jeff Dinger, Edgewood, MD
LUNAR-ROVER ^ATROL (Spectral Associates)
249,51 0 j ★Ken Pledge, 1 00 Mile House,
! British Columbia
1 36.700 Lori Day, Arlington, TX
MADNESS & THE MINOTAUR (Radio Shack)
240 t ★Chris Mitchell, Byron, GA
MARATHON (THE RAINBOW, 10/83)
307,790 *,James Sheedy III, Tonawanda, NY
MAROONED! (Saguarp)
.58 ★Mikel Rice, Panama City, FL
THE MARTIAN CRYPT (NOVASOFT)
31 | ★John Alfocca, Yonkers, NY
MEGA-BUG (Radio Shack)
14,785 ★Blain Jamieson, Kingston, Ontario
10,223 ; James Mancari, Ravenswood, WV
fj.054 Jeremy Johnson, Nokomis, FL
7,930 Ron Haines, Nepean, Ontario
7,801 Jen Teeter, Hawley, PA
7,542 Dick Volans, Ogdensburg, NY
MISSILE BARRAGE (THE RAINBOW, 8/83)
2-1 ★Joe Calcaterra, Ridge wood, NY
MONKEY KONG (Med Systems)
; 365 *Mark Ferris, Deep River, Ontario
MONSTER MAZE (Radio Shack)
206,780 ★Wanda Jones, Brentford, Ontario
93,890 ' Rupert Young, Sheffield, MA
60,120 Steve Thomas, Ogdensburg, NY
43,610 Tim Cragg, Kahoka, MO
10,740 Scott Swedis, Spencer, MA
7,300 Scott Baithazor, Neenah, Wl
MOON HOPPER (Computerware)
79,830 ★Daniel D'Amour, Pincourt, Quebec
MR. DIG (Computerware)
6,787,000 *Jeff Roberg, Winfield, KS
3,533,650 Paula James, Lumberton, TX
NINJA WARRIOR (Programmer's Guild)
108,000 ★Eric Gladstone, Ocala, FL
106,300 Spencer Reeves, Baton Rouge, LA
42,800 Steven Warmath, Memphis, TN
28,800 Dave Iverson, Oakville, Ontario
NUMBER BUMPER (THE RAINBOW, 10/85)
416 ★Nedra Bishop, Jacksonville, FL
ONE-ON-ONE (Radio Shack)
424-10 ★Brian Biggs, Galloway, OH
OPERATION FREEDOM (THE RAINBOW, 8/85)
73,529 ★Kirby Smith, York, PA
12,673 Alexander Taday, East Lyme, CT
12,275 Brian Hanna, London, KY
10,926 David Brave, Bloomfield, CTf
PAC-TAC (Computerware)
120,050 ★Matt Johnson, Eagle, PA
PENGUIN (THE RAINBOW, 2/85)
48,250 ★Paul Wagorn, Carp, Ontario
44,550 Kevin Gallagher, Santa Monica, CA
20,780 George Bodiroga, Eureka, CA
1,660 Robert Nicosia, Gloversviile, NY
PLANET INVASION (Spectral Associates)
155,000 ★Jimmy Doyle, Barrackville, WV
Alan Drazen, Longwood, FL
Ghislain Chillis, Trois-Rivieres,
Quebec
Paul Hotz, Herzlia, Israel
Laura Hotz, Herzlia, Israel
POLARIS (Radio Shack)
189,867 ★Andre Savoie, Marieville, Quebec
29,472 Ron Volans, Ogdensburg, NY
POLTERGEIST (Radio Shack)
7,430 *Myriam Ferland, Trois-Rivieres,
. Quebec
6,000 ; Billy Fairfull, Charleston, SC
4,840 ! Steve Thomas, Ogdensburg, NY
POOYAN (Datasoft)
3,785,000 ★Ben Collins, Clemson, SC
61 ,930 I Erik Huffman, Rochester Hills, Ml
1 1 ,450 1 Helen Dewitt, Blue Island, IL
8,500 Hiram Esparza, Blue Island, IL
POPCORN (Radio Shack)
50,110 ★Nancy Ewart, Toms River, NJ
45,210 Mike Norrls, Columbia, SC : :
30,570 Becky Volans, Ogdensburg, NY
20,730 Myriam Ferland, Trois-Rivieres,
Quebec
PYRAMID (Radio Shack)
220/1 12 ★Byll Adams, Pasadena, TJ(
67,700
58,650
39,350
17,800
★George Fairfield, Victoria,
British Columbia
★David Oelhaupi, Calgary, Alberta
★Robbie Sablotny, Mt, Zlon, IL
★Gregg Shay, Sunnymead, CA
Q-NERD (THE RAINBOW, 5/84)
1,958,950 ★Bruce Baltzer, Hanover, Ontario
QU IX (Tom Mix)
907,320 ★ Andrew Norrie, Misslssauga, Ontario
RACER (THE RAINBOW, 3/85)
301.9 ★Kirby Smith, York, PA
283.4 Jennifer Woland, Silverdale, PA
12.9 Robert Nicosia, Gloversviile, NY
12.4 Michael Scott, Johnstown, NY
RADIO BALL (Radio Shack)
4,510,740 *Les Dorn, Eau Claire, Wl
1 ,301 ,350 Brian Matherne, Gretna, LA
RETURN OF THE JET-I (ThunderVislon)
538,432 *Matt Griffiths, Stilwell, KS
REVERSE (THE RAINBOW, 7/84)
7 *Jon Hobson, Plainfield, Wl
ROAD RACE (THE RAINBOW, 11/84)
91.7 ★Bill Martin, Myrtle Beach, SC
ROBOTRON (intracolor)
467,000 *Todd Hooge & Ian Dawson, Comox,
British Columbia
335,400 Baiju Shah & Mark Ferris, Deep River,
Ontario
ROBOTTACK (intracolor)
463,650 *Jay Pribble, Davenport, IA
299,350 Chris Zepka, North Adams, MA
36,090 Hiram Esparza, Blue Island, IL
RUN FOR YOUR LIFE (THE RAINBOW, 4/85)
80,000 ★Brian Jensen, Drayton Valley, Alberta
50,000 Karen Goddard, Oshawa, Ontario
20,000 Ryan Devlin, Louisville, KY
20,000 Brian Voges, Jasper, IN
SAILOR MAN ( Tom Mix)
879,100 ★Alan Drazen, Longwood, FL
351,700 Bob Dewitt, Blue island, IL
131 ,600 Ron Volans, Ogdensburg, NY
87,500 Kevin Radwan, Blue Island, IL
SANDS OF EGYPT (Radio Shack)
77 *Jeff Hillison, Blacksburg, VA
John Allocca, Yonkers, NY
Bob Dewitt, Blue Island, IL
Jeff McKay, Travis AFB, CA
Greg Ross, Martinsville, NJ
Phil! Zarfos, Dallastown, PA
SEA5TALKER (infocom)
1 00/223 ★Erik Huffman, Rochester Hills, Ml
90/21 2 Jeff Hillison, Blacksburg, VA
SHAMUS (Radio Shack)
62,940 *Jon Blow, San Diego, CA
SHENANIGANS (Mark Data)
90 ★Roy Grant, Toledo, OH
95 Jeff Hillison, Blacksburg, VA
95 David Kay, Winnipeg, Manitoba
SHOOTING GALLERY (Radio Shack)
227,840 ★Cliff Farmer, McGregor, TX
18,500 Ken Dewitt, Blue Island, IL
SHUTTER BUG (THE RAINBOW, 10/83)
3,861 ★Darren Griffin, Gloucester, Ontario
SIR EGGBERT JUMPER (THE RAINBOW, 8/85)
960 ★Jorge Polo, Muscle Shoals, AL
SKIING (Radio Shack)
1:00 ★Scott Clevenger, Fairmount, IN
1 ;00 ★Billy Falrfuli. Charleston, SC
1 :10 Kevin Gallagher, Santa Monica, CA
1:17 Michael Drouin, Reeds Spring, MO
SLAY THE NERIUS ( Rad/o Shack)
472,667 ★Jim Herbers, Placentia, CA
80
80
82
84
86
SPACE AMBUSH (Computerware)
29,480 ★Frank Canepa III, Santurce,
Puerto Rico
SPACE ASSAULT (Radio Shack)
232,120 ★Jim Tucker, Commerce, TX
24,430 Michael Drouin, Reeds Spring, MO
19,065 Steven Allen, Sharpsburg, MD
18,310 Robin Volans, Ogdensburg, NY
SPACE RACE (Spectral Associates)
83,422 *Mark Donahue, Alexandria, VA
SPACE WREK (Spectral Associates)
58,300 ★Brad Gaucher, Hinton, Alberta
SPEED RACER (MichTron)
142,100 ★Chris Harrison, Brooks, KY
Alan Drazen, Longwood, FL
Jeff Dinger, Edgewood, MD
Paul Hotz, Herzlia, Israel
Jack Manzuilo, Saginaw, Ml
Bob Dewitt, Blue Island, IL
Kevin Radwan, Blue Island, IL
Mariano Frausto, Blue Island, IL
STAR BLAZE (Radio Shack)
8,400 ★John Guptill, Columbia, MO
7,050 Andreas Thaler, Coaticook, Quebec
6,950 Scott lachetta, Rochester, NY
STARSHIP CHAMELEON (Computerware)
68,800 ★Brian Voges, Jasper, IN
STORM ARROWS (Spectral Associates)
285,850 ★Arnold Snitser, Los Angeles, CA
STRANDED (Computer Island)
70 ★Mike! Rice, Panama City, FL
TEMPLE OF ROM (Radio Shack)
959,400 ★Sonya Hurst, Richmond, CA
101,100 Mark Lemke, Neenah, Wl
75,000 Joel Miller, Neenah, Wl
TIME BANDIT (MichTron)
1,025,210 *Terry Moore, St. Catherines, Ontario
Steven Coladonato, Roslyn, PA
KristopherStaller, Ft. Wayne, IN
Mark Olson, Whitecourt, Alberta
Sylvain Castonguay, Chicoutimi,
Quebec
THE TOUCHSTONE (Tom Mix)
226,640 *Kristopher Staller, Ft. Wayne, IN
TUTANKAM (Aardvark)
321,660 ★Pierre-Antoine Levesque, Salnte-Foy,
Quebec
TUT'S TOMB (Mark Data)
225,160 ★Robert Wright North Queensland,
Australia
Nicole Pouiiot Coors, Mobile, AL
Bernie Moberly, Portage La Prairie,
Manitoba
WARP FACTOR X (Prickly-Pear)
2,301 ,823 *Yakini Banks, Saint Albans, NY
WHIRLEYBIRD RUN (Spectral Associatas)
1 1 7,000 ★Jeff Ray, N. Charleston, SC
Sylvain Castonguay, Chicoutimi,
Quebec
Jay Aust, Marlborough, CT
Glen Bilodeau, Otterburn Park,
Ontario
PJ Jayakody, Shelbyville, TN
WILLY'S WAREHOUSE (Intracolor)
296,700 ★Chris Reynolds, Richmond, KY
163,500 Alan Morris, Chicopee, MA
ZAXXON (Datasoft)
253,400 ★Bob Dewitt, Blue Island, IL
Brian McKendrick, Ogdensburg, NY
Jason Comin, Pine Point,
Northwest Territories
George Frausto, Blue Island, IL
189,960
92.500
105,400
54,500
43,850
43,350
59,700
52,100
35,000
|tt Debbie Hartley
*****************************
0
."If f ."
I n conjunct ion with the rainbow's Scoreboard, we offer th is column of
pointers for our game-playing readers' benefit. If you have some interest-
ing hints and tips, we encourage you to share them by sending them toi
V^he Scoreboard, c/o the rainbow.
Scoreboard:
First to Tommy McClure [December
1985, concerning To Preserve Quandic]:
You don't use the car at all, except to get the
cat. To use the helicopter, you type RIDE
HELICOPTER.
Now to Ric Miller [December 1985,
concerning To Preserve Quandic]: I don't
like to use "attack guard," because some-
times you lose. The best thing to do is get
the cat, and the guard will leave because he
is allergic to cats.
Now, to Jon Olson [December 1985]: To
get the flashlight in Dallas Quest, you type
PULL CURTAIN.
Also, I have a few hints for Calixto Island.
After you make both trades with Trader
Jack, the teleporter will disappear. So, be
sure to get everything over to the marshy
field before doing the trades.
I hope all of this information has been
helpful
Kevin Holder bach
Mesa, AZ
to get objects and place them in specific
areas, which is necessarv to solve the Adven-
ture.
Two actions that are unnecessary to
complete the Adventure are important to the
overall campaign of the Hall of the King
trilogy. First, you must get the huge glass
pane and place it upon the center square
after GOing onto the catwalk. Then READ the
glass pane or center square. This will give
you information about the entire quest.
Second, you must find the parchment
whose meaning will be divined later in the
quest. This can be done by examining the
desk in the study.
This is all the help lean fairly give. Good
luck with solving the rest of the Adventure.
Glen Dahlgren
Author o/Hall of the King
Pittsburgh, PA
AUTHORS' NOTES
Scoreboard:
To make Brotan the Blue a bit easier to
play, change the following in the program:
Eliminate PUT(CD,Y)~(CD+8,Y+11) ,SP:
in Line 34 and change Line 40 to read:
40 RR-RND (100) : IF RR>50 and RR<53
THEN GOTO 50 ELSE GOTO 18
The red gremlins will appear less often
and attaining freedom will be easier for you.
Enjoy the game!
Alan A. Sapor ta
Author of Brotan the Blue
Woodside, NY
Scoreboard:
In Prickly-Pear's new Adventure, Hall of
the King, there is a vital command omitted
in the documentation: PUT. This allows you
RINGS ARE GOOD FOR THE IMAGE
Scoreboard:
I would like to share a few tips for Dun-
geons of Daggorath. I have killed all of the
creatures except the Evil Wizard.
First, save to tape after you kill a creature
and get an object.
After you have several duplicate objects,
drop them in the same room you are in.
When a creature enters the room, you can
attack many times while he is occupied
picking up the objects. The more objects you
drop, the more attacks you can make.
When you kill the Image of the Evil
Wizard you must have a new torch in use
and your best sword in one hand. The
contents of your backpack are lost when you
kill this creature.
Save your incanted rings for use against
the Image of the Evil Wizard. All other
creatures you meet first can eventually be
killed without using the rings.
Do not go up a ladder to escape a creature.
This will be quite hazardous to your health.
The Hale Flask slows your heart rate and
allows you to attack, or get away from, a
creature.
The Vision Scroll allows you to see a map
of the level of the dungeon you are in,
The Seer Scroll shows the position of the
creatures on the dungeon map.
I hope you find these tips useful.
Daniel L Quigg
Richmond, KY
THE VORTEX FACTOR
Scoreboard:
I recently purchased The Vortex Factor
from Mark Data Products. It is a challeng-
ing and exciting Adventure with excellent
graphics. Some tips are: When you get the
key to the south door, type OPEN DOOR then
GO DOOR to enter. When you get to the room
with the cylinder, type GO CYLINDER. Type
GET CALENDAR when you go to the main
office and see what you find!
One final tip: The only way you can find
objects and treasures is if you EXAMINE
things closely.
I also have some questions. How do you
open the bank? How can you make the time
machine work? Is there a secret passage
behind the bookcase? If anyone can answer
my questions, please write to the "Score-
board/'
Tommy Grouser
Dunbar, WV
To respond to other readers' inquiries and
requests for assistance, reply to "Scoreboard
Pointers," c/o THE RAINBOW, P.O. Box
385, Prospect, KY 40059. We will imme-
diately forward your letter to the original
respondent and, just as importantly, well
share your reply with all "Scoreboard"
readers in an upcoming issue.
For greater convenience, "Scoreboard
Pointers* 9 and requests for assistance may
also be sent to us through the MAIL section
of our new Delphi CoCo SIG. From the
CoCo SIG> prompt, pick MAIL, then type
SEND and address to: EDITORS.
*
— Debbie Hartley
★★★★★★★★★★★★★ ★★★★★★★★★★★★★★★★
1 76 THE RAINBOW March 1 986
The publishers of the Rainbow
are taking an interest
in a different type of programming
HOME VIDE
previews of mm Tftan 70 Hm Tapes
. j Taper* Guide to Network and Ctftfe
...*vllgtt.||| jil'ili.illlHl^
Ml IIIHI.
v
'Sp" ,,; i;ri '
i ' 11
r • ■ i
1 Hi' 1 1*. 1*
' ■' ■■■iL
m
-■■h
' i *s
Yes, I'm ready for some real entertainment! Send
the next 12 issues of VCR to my door.
Subscribe now for only $15 and save 36% off the regular newsstand price.
Name
Address
City
I
I □ My check in the amount of
State
ZIP
hold down costs, we do not bill.)
Charge to: □ VISA □ MasterCard □ American Express
Account Number — Exp. Date .
is enclosed. (In order to
\ Signature
'Subscriptions to VCR are $15 a year In the United States. Canadian rate is U.S. $22, Air mail rate elswhere is U.S.
$60. All subscriptions begin with the current issue. Please allow 5 to- 6 weeks for first copy. Kentucky residents add
5% sales tax. U.S. currency on/y, please. In order to hold down non-editorial costs, we do not bill.
That's right. We've decided
that programs Kke Shenani-
gans and Symphony 12 aren't
the only great ones around. There
are also Silver Streak and Star Trek
and Some Like It Hot — software
of a different sort.
That's why we are introducing
VCR, The Home Video Monthly,
the magazine for the new gener-
ation of home viewer.
Home video has evolved
beyond the "hacker" era, when
you needed a degree in electron-
ics just for a little entertainment.
Most people don't care about how
the signal-to-noise ratio and wow-
and-flutter specs of their equip-
ment compare to the latest mod-
els. They simply want to know how
best to use and enjoy the equip-
ment that they have.
And that is what VCR will offer
— how to get the very best in
home entertainment from your
equipment.
Each month, VCR will bring you
previews and ratings of every new
offering on tape and disc: music
videos, children's shows, how-to
guides, and movies, movies, mo-
vies.
We will tell you which shows the
critics themselves will be taping on
the networks and cable, along with
tips from the experts on how to get
the best possible reproductions.
And you can turn to us for the
answers to your questions, ranging
from the trivial to the technical.
Even more, each month we will
feature exclusive interviews with
the stars and the star-makers,
along with articles designed to
help you relive some of your fond-
est video "memories" of the past.
Yes, programming is more than
spreadsheets and databases. And
we know you'll want to be a char-
ter subscriber to the guide to the
very best in entertainment soft-
ware.
VCR, The Home Video Monthly,
debuted in January.
Mail to: VCR, The Falsoft Building, P.O. Box 385, Prospect, KY 40059
COMPLETE SG-10
PRINTER SYSTEM
WHEN QUAI
INCLUDES
• SG-10 PRINTER
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WITH MODEM SWITCH
• SUPER GEMPRINT
• TYPE SELECTION/TUTORIAL
• WORD PROCESSOR 2.2
WORD PROCESSOR 2.2
TAPE OR DISK VERSION
A feature packed program that turns your CoCo into an of-
fice machine. Create and save letters and documents with
the word processor tailored for the SG-10.
COMPLETE
$27095
:£> $10 Shipping
and Insurance
SG- 15-439*5
BLUE STREAK II
SERIAL TO PARALLEL INTERFACE
• RUN COCO I or II to PARALLEL PRINTER
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• 300, 600, 1200, 2400, 4800, 9600 SWITCHABLE BAUD RATES
• AC POWER OPTIONAL-NOT NEEDED WITH SG-10 PRINTER
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BUFFERED INTERFACES //Fw * S4 95 SHIPPING
•180 DAY WARRANTY
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"Overall, Super Gemprint is very well-written and documented.*'
—Rainbow December 84 review .
BONUS! TYPE SELECTION/TUTORIAL PROGRAM
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Menu driven program for the CoCo. Teaches and shows the new
user the numerous features of the SG-10.
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OHIO RESIDENTS ADD 6Vi% SALES TAX
C.O.D. ADD $2.00
BMC Monitor Stand
Makes CoCoing Comfortable/Specfru/r? Projects, Inc. . ... , ,207 ,
Buzzworm
Watch out for the Deadly Bi te/Novasoft . . ... .188
Calculating Parts Per Million
Does the Figuring for You/Green Horizons , 195
CCZAP
Helps Find Hidden Control Codes/Mafr/x Computing . ♦ 185
CoCo Calendar
Can Help You Get Organ \zed/ Spectrum Projects, Inc. ...... , , , * w . . . . , 209
CoCo Cooler Too
Play It Cool/ REM Industries, Inc. . . . . . . , , .. . + . , > . ,-. P . . + . . 1 88
CoCo Incognito
Packed with Useful Information/flC Creations * . : ...,208
CoCo Keyboard Cover
A Real Undercover Operation/flE/W Industries, Inc 191
Don Pan
Good for Arcade Beginners/ Tandy Corp . .199
Geography USA
An Excellent Learning TooUViking, Inc. . > . * . , . ...... .206
Gold Runner
Fast and Furious/ A/ovasoft ........ ... — 1 96
House Doc
An Electronic Doctor on Call/For Your Health Software . . . . ..... .... . . .202
Marble Maze
Presents a Challenge for All Ages/ Diecom Products s ^ .197
Micro Illustrator
Creates Dazzling Graphics/ Tandy Corp 203
Omni verse
Venture to New Universes/Compufenvare .184
Orchestra-90/CC
Impressive Music Production/Software Affair , . . ♦ >.. ...... . . ... .189
Puzzler
Educational Fun for Adults and Children/Co/or Connection Software , . . 1 90
SDOS
Powerful Package Perfect for Hackers/Software Qyn amies — ... .200
Stylo-Pak
A New Standard for Word Process! ng/Stylo Software + , .192
Super Directory Catalog
Keeps Track of Disk Files/Mefa/soft , , 1 98
TX
Word Processor Written in basic/ Kolesar B/S ... . .209
RECEIVED & CERTIFIED
The following products recently have been
received by the rainbow, examined by our magazine
staff and approved for the Rainbow Seal of
Certification, your assurance that we have seen the
product and have ascertained that it is what it
purports to be.
This month the Seal of Certification has been
issued to:
am ms mm
Hall of the King, a 64K graphics Adven-
ture requiring a disk drive. The scenario
places you as a seasoned Adventurer on
a quest for the legendary Earthstone, a
powerful cornerstone of a dwarven
race's magical prowess. This two-disk
Adventure allows players to save or
load a game at any stage of the Adven-
ture. Prickly-Pear Software, 2640 N.
Conestoga Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85749,
disks $39.95 plus $1.50 S/H
Semigraphics 4 Editor, a 32K ECB
graphics utility featuring these capabil-
ities: Built-in character set with four
sizes, use of all eight colors on same
screen, saving screens at DRTR state-
ments for inclusion in BASIC programs
and complete cassette and disk I/O.
CMD Micro Computer Services Ltd.,
10447 124 Street, Edmonton, Alberta,
T5N 1R7, distributed in the U.S. by
Saguaro Software, P.O. Box 1864,
Telluride, CO 81435, cassette $14.95
plus $2 S/H
Disk Management System Version 2, a
16K disk program filing system requir-
ing a disk drive that allows users to keep
copies of disk directories and file allo-
cation tables, restore directories, high
speed search for programs, machine
language sort and print (32K only) and
user adjustable defaults. CMD Micro
Computer Services Ltd., 10447 124
Street, Edmonton, Alberta, T5N 1R7,
distributed in the U.S. by Saguaro
Software, P.O. Box 1864, Telluride, CO
81435, disk $19.95 plus $2 S/H
Line Editor, a 16K programming utility
for assembly and PASCAL source code
that uses Hi-Res 5 1 by 24 column screen
with true upper- and lowercase charac-
ters. Features include auto-repeating
keys, BASIC loader to permit user mod-
ifications and built-in help screens.
CMD Micro Computer Services Ltd.,
10447 124 Street, Edmonton, Alberta,
T5N 1R7, distributed in the U.S. by
Saguaro Software, P.O. Box 1864,
Telluride, CO 81435, cassette $17.95
plus $2 S/H
CGP-220 Ink Jet Printer Graphic
Screen Dump Package, a 16K graphics
utility to print out graphics on a CGP-
220 Ink Jet Printer and featuring these
capabilities, four color and one color
version, special Co Co Max version, use
on cassette or disk systems and user
selectable colors. CMD Micro Compu-
ter Services Ltd., 10447 124 Street,
Edmonton, Alberta, T5N 1R7, distrib-
uted in the U.S. by Saguaro Software,
P. O. Box 1864, Telluride, CO 81435,
cassette $14.95 plus $2 S/H
NumberJack, a numeric keypad hard-
ware accessory to facilitate number-
intensive applications. Measuring 5 X A
by 1 X A by 2 X A inches, the keypad can be
installed without soldering or drilling.
Comes with complete instructions and
3-foot plug-in cable with all necessary
connectors. Included on the keypad are
four cursor keys, CLEAR, @, decimal
point, comma, ENTER and the standard
four math keys. HJL Products, Div. of
Touchstone Technology Inc., 955 Buf-
falo Road, P.O. Box 24954, Rochester,
NY 14624, $89.95
D.L, LOGO, a 64K programming and
educational utility requiring a disk drive
that will run on OS-9 and designed to
utilize one or two joysticks, the Multi-
Pak Interface, an X-Pad and the
Speech/ Sound cartridge to allow users
to weave shapes, colors, speech, music
and sound into infinite patterns. Also
available are mathematical, trigono-
metric and Boolean functions to allow
exploration as users create graphics,
learn arithmetic and spelling, play
games and strengthen programming
skills. Tandy Corp., available in Radio
Shack stores nationwide, manual and
disk $99.95
TXD, a 64K disk editing utility requir-
ing a disk drive. Capabilities include
allowing the user to trace a file, map it
out sector by sector, alphabetically sort
directory filenames, simultaneously
make a hard copy, edit any sector,
rewrite and/ or copy to another sector
and still return to current sector posi-
tion in the tracing operation. Kolesar
B/S, 7 Ladd Road, Westfield, PA
16950, disk $14.95 plus $2 S/H
Math Mission, a 32K educational game
requiring a joystick designed to rein-
force early math skills in the four
mathematic operations: addition, sub-
traction, multiplication and division.
Joystick orientation is designed to
develop eye-hand coordination, and
there is a shot timer to simulate a
classroom time test as well as four
optional levels of difficulty. There are
graphics, sound and written rewards for
180
THE RAINBOW March 1 986
the players. Sugar Software, 1710
North 50th Avenue, Hollywood, FL
33021, cassette or disk $24.95 plus $1.50
S/H
Advanced Utilities, a 64K OS-9 pack-
age to provide OS-9 users these tools:
KSHELL, that allows wild cards with
any utility, standard output and error
paths can be overwritten or appended
to from the command line, selectable
prompt of the user's choice; PATH
comand allows the setup of multiple
path directories to be searched when a
command is given; UNLOAD, a repet-
itive unlink utility to remove modules;
FLINK, allowing users to have many
different boot files on a given disk and
set which one to boot with next time;
ARCHIVE, backs up large disk media
onto small disk media by filling one disk
prompting for a new disk and contin-
uing until all files are offloaded; CPY,
performs like the standard COPY plus
copies multiple files to a given directory.
Computerware, Box 668, Encinitas, CA
92024, disk $29.95 plus $2 S/H
CoCo Keyboard Software, a 16/32/
64K ECB utility requiring a disk drive
that allows users of the HJL-57, Mi-
cronix or Deluxe CoCo keyboards easy
access to four of the most used func-
tions. The function keys on the HJL-57
and Micronix keyboards or the two
function keys and the ALT and CTRL
keys of the Deluxe CoCo keyboards can
be programmed to perform the follow-
ing: Text Screen Dump, 9600 Baud
printer rate, BASIC LIST or cold start of
the computer. Spectrum Projects, Inc.,
P.O. Box 21272, 93-15 86th Drive,
Woodhaven, NY 11421, disk $14.95
plus $3 S/H
CoCo Calendar, a 32K disk program
that aids users in keeping track of daily
schedules, appointments, birthdays,
etc. Capable of handling any date from
the present to December 3 1 , 2000, this
program includes a Hi-Res calendar
display with the dates containing
memos marked. Features include entry,
deletion, retrieval by date and dumping
to a printer (with user-provided screen
dump program) the calendar display.
Spectrum Projects, Inc., P.O. Box
21272, 93-15 86th Drive, Woodhaven,
NY 11421, $24.95 plus $3 S/H
BMC Pan-tilt Monitor Stand, a compu-
ter accessory that adjusts a 12-inch
monitor for glare-free viewing and
capable of revolving 360 degrees and
tilting 12.5 degrees. No assembly is
necessary. Spectrum Projects, Inc., P.O.
Box 21272, 93-15 86th Drive, Wood-
haven, NY 11421, $24.95 plus $3 S/H
LISTAID, a 4K machine language
program designed to format BASIC
listing to the text screen or printer.
Neat-0 Software, Rt. #3 Box 205,
Kingsport, TN 37664, cassette $10 plus
$2 S/H
SCRDMP10, a 16K ECB screen dump
program requiring a dot-matrix impact
printer and designed to reproduce
sideways a PM0DE 3 or PM0DE 4 screen
dumped to a printer to give a picture
that is 6 l A by 7 inches. Neat- O Software,
Rt. #J Box 205, Kingsport, TN 37664,
cassette $10 plus $2 S/H
OS-9 Enhancements, an addendum
introducing the changes and new fea-
tures of OS-9, Version 02.00.00. In-
cluded in the list of new commands and
utilities are: CONFIG, to provide a
menu of all I/O options and allow
selection of any legal combination of
device drivers; HELP, to display the
syntax and usage of standard OS-9
system commands; INIZ, to force the
allocation of device buffers and when
used at startup, to keep buffers from
fragmenting memory; other system
changes to provide capabilities such as
networking, 32 and 80 column screen
display and access to a Speech/ Sound
cartridge. Also, updated GETSTAT,
SETSTAT and VIRQ system calls.
Tandy Corp., available in Radio Shack
stores nationwide, manual and disk
$69.95
Biosphere, a 64K Simulation requiring
a disk drive. The scenario places you in
the role of master ecologist and captain
of the fabulous starship, Arkworld.
Arkworld contains within its cargo hold
over 200 varieties and species of plants
and animals. When you rescue a dying
world's colony of native animals it is
your goal to use Arkworld 's resources
to create a new environment in which
the colony can survive and flourish.
Tandy Corp., available in Radio Shack
stores nationwide, disk $29.95
CoCo EPROM Programmer, an
EPROM programmer with these capa-
bilities: will program EPROMS from
2716 to 27128 and 27512; will program
the 24-pin 68764 and 68766 EPROMS
that fit in the CoCo ROM sockets,
features EPROM Erase?, Verify
EPROM, Move EPROM to memory,
Examine/ Change memory and Change
buffer address. Spectrum Projects, Inc.,
P.O. Box 21271, 93-15 86th Drive,
Woodhaven, NY 11421, $149.95 plus $3
S/H
Health Programs, a 32K home utility
that contains these nutritional instruc-
tion features: a list of over 180 foods and
analyses to display how much protein,
calories, which of 1 1 vitamins and nine
minerals are contained in the food
selected, 14 RDA and MDA categories
and adjustments for the needs of preg-
nant and lactating women; deficiency
symptoms and food sources for 21
nutrients, recommendations for nutri-
tional therapy for common ailments
and a PM0DE 4 graph for biorythms.
Health Software, 1521 Lancelot, Borger
TX 79007, cassette or disk $15
The Seal of Certification program is open to all
manufacturers of products for the Tandy Color
Computer, regardless of whether they advertise in
THE RAINBOW.
By awarding a Seal, the magazine certifies the
product does exist — that we have examined it and
have a sample copy — but this does not constitute
any guarantee of satisfaction. As soon as possible,
these hardware or software items will be forwarded
to the rainbow's reviewers for evaluation.
— Monica Oorth
March 1 986 THE RAINBOW 181
GREAT COCO PRODUCTS
UNIVERSAL VIDEO DRIVER
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The SC-100 is a streamlined 13" composite
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"The Connecting Link"
ONLY $29.95
COCO-UTIL
CoCo-Util is a valuable utility
program that allows you to transfer
Tandy Color Computer disc files
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may also transfer MS-DOS files to
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GREAT BARGAINS ON
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COMPLETE SYSTEMS INCLUDE;
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• Cable and Operating Manual
• Full 90 Day Warranty
Single Drive (SSDD) in Dual Cabinet w/Controller . .
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SUPER PRO KEYBOARD
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• Individually boxed with
full instructions
• Smooth 'Touch Typist" feel—
no sagging
U.S. made— high quality, quad gold contacts
Professional, low profile, finished appearance
•Computers produced after approximately Oct. 1982 require
an additional keyboard plug adapter. Please add $3.95.
$ Save Money on Your Cassette &
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We buy cassettes and discs in large quantities for our own use and can pass the
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C-10 Cassettes w/labels
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SERIOUS STUFF
ACCOUNTING SYSTEM
The Mark Data Products AccduntingSystem is ideal for the small businessman needing a
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maintain most of the information 4 required at tax time. The system is a family of programs
which operate by means of a "menu" selection scheme. When the operator selects a task
•Id perform, the computer loads a program designed to handle that task from the system
.disc/ fhe system disc contains all of the programs required to create, update and maintain
data files and preparethe necessary accounting reports including a transaction journal, a P
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This accounting software equals or exceeds higher priced packages for other computers
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ORDER ENTRY SYSTEM
The Mark Data Product sales order processing system provides a fasti efficient means to
enter outers, print shipping papers and invoices, prepare sales reports, and monitor
receivable-* The system automatically enhances the monitor screen to a 51 character by 24
line display. 32K of memory is required along with an 80-column printer and oneor more
disc drives.
This order entry software equals or exceeds higher priced packages for other computers
and includes a detailed operating manual. ONLY $99.95
EASY EDIT
Easy-Edit is a versatile, easy to use text editor which is particularly convenient for assembly
language and BASIC programming. This editor offers powerful text handling capabilities
along with many special features including a built-in disc operating system, 32/64K memory
sense, a 51 character by 24 line screen, auto key repeat, extensive error reporting, and
complete compatibility with popular assemblers. Requires 32K and at least one disc drive.
Master disc and instructions are packaged in an attractive 3-ring binder, $34.95
EASY-FILE
Data Management
System
Rainbow, Nov. '84 "Easy File is one program that lives up to its name . , . Easy File is so easy it speaks
for itself."
Hot CoCo, Feb. '85 Tve examined four database programs for the CoCo in the last few months.
Easy File is the easiest to master and the one that best addresses my needs. If you need to organize
the information in your life, Easy File might just be the best method."
Need a good mailing list or customer list program? How about a program to keep track of your in-
vestments, your computer magazines, or record collection? Do you have an inventory of all house-
hold items for insurance purposes? EASY-FILE will do all of these things and many more. The
EASY-FILE master disc and instructions are packaged in an attractive 3-ring binder. Requires 32K
and at least one disc drive.
Order Yours Now! Get Organized for Only $59.95!
SUPER SCREEN
The Color Computer Supercharger
• A big 52 character by 24 line screen
• 'PRINT @' is fully implemented on the big screen!
• Easily combine text with hl-res graphics
• Auto-key repeat for greater keyboard convenience ( <-
• The 'ON ERROR GOTO' statement is fully implemented ft —
• Control codes for additional function
Guaranteed to be the most frequently used program in your software library. . .once you use it you
won't be without it! Cassette $29.95 Disc $32.95
JUST FOR FUN
The Greatest Hi-Res Graphic Arcade
Game Ever Written for Your CoCo!
SUPER ACTION
Welcome Shock Trooper Squad Commander
telligence has intercepted a coded message revealing a plan to
conquer Earth. Four of your Shocktroopers must infiltrate the heavily
defended underground enemy base and steal all of their secret TRG-5
attack saucer sub-assemblies. Return them to our scientists for analysis.
This secret information is crucial to our defense. 32K Required.
► . • > < I ■ i > 1 1 h ■ ii ■ .
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i lie mii.h ,t f ,
HJiiiVfi htillfilJfi n '
ft
4a
>ji»M*i.-iw.^a*'' -, "'tiK
Ufa
ITS'
By Rob Shaw, author of
Tilt's Tomb
Another of our outstanding
arcade games.
Don't miss it!
Also: Presenting the Sixth and Most Challenging of Our Adventures
By
Bob Withers
SteVe O'Dea
VOflTEX
In in * twitly p *ts *&ew *y ,
frt'i* I Cti< -iirf-c tioi.s Mpr tti>
t-felilh, E#«t, He* I.
1 ? Cf* (or c ht« ,
l'l , ■
What is it? What secrets does it hold? The seeker of
treasures through time and space must find out! From
the coliseum of ancient Rome to the futuristic world
of tomorrow.
FACTOR Join us in this new and
unforgettable odyssey.
also available
for IBM & Tandy
1000/1200
Other Exciting Adventures
Calixto Island • Shenanigans
Sea Search • Trekboer
Black Sanctum
All Games - Cassettes $24.95 Discs $27.95 32K Required
SHIPPING: All orders under $100 please add S2 regular, $5 air. All orders over $100 please add 3% regular, 8% air. California residents ple t w add 6% sates tax. Orders outside
the continental U.S., check witKds for shipping amount: please remit U.S. funds. Software authors— contact us tor exciting program marketing details. We accept MasterCard
and VISA. Distributed in, Canada Iby Kelly Software.
\jf=^ I FREE— Send for our free catalog flier.
f
Mark Data Products
Department C
— w
24001 ALICIA PKWY., NO. 207 • MISSION VIEJO, CA 92691 • (714) 768-1551
Software Review ^SS^SSSSSSSSSSSSf7s\
Venture to New Universes
and Save Earth in Omniverse
In this new 64K graphics Adventure by Scott Cabit for
Computerware, you, mild-mannered theoretical physicist,
have discovered gateways into new dimensions and
universes. Unfortunately, you've also learned of an alien
plot to set up networks of these gateways and, through
them, conquer Earth. You can save Earth by leaving your
equations, computer and synchrotrons behind and sallying
forth on an adventure to discover these gateways.
While the program loads into the computer, gather up
paper and pencil, for you are about to exchange your life
as physicist for that of Adventurer/ cartographer. In
addition, youll want a labeled, formatted disk (or a blank
tape if you have the tape version) on hand for the saves you'll
want to make at strategic intervals.
The Adventure begins on a snowy plain. You first stand
watching the snow fall before journeying onward. In this
Adventure you can use a joystick or the arrow keys for the
compass directions (shifted up- and down-arrow keys for
moving up and down). When you wish to examine some-
thing, use the standard two-word, verb-noun command
sentence. Some Adventurers like to know which words are
known to the program, others think part of the fun is
discovering which words have meaning. In Omniverse, folks
of the former persuasion need only type VOCPB to see most
of the known words, while others can avoid this. Typing
HELP sometimes gives further assistance.
When you come to the area of a gateway and approach
from the proper direction, you suddenly hear music; the sky
Two-Liner Contest Winner . , .
Guitar Capo asks you for a capo number and
responds with all the chord and note changes.
The listing:
lj3 DIMN$(12) ,N1$ (12) ,N2$(12) :FOR
T=j3T011 ; READN$ (T) : Nl$ (T) =LEFT$ (N
$(T),2) :N2$(T)=RIGHT$(N$(T) ,2) :N
EXT : DATA C B#,C#D-,D ,D#E-,E F-
,F E#,F#G-,G ,G#A-,A ,A#B-,B
C-
15 INPUTA: CLS : PRINT @J3 , ; : INPUT"
CHORDS/NOTES ON CAPO NO. ,f ;C:PRIN
T" FRETTED" , "SOUNDED" :TF Oil THE
N 15: ELSE FOR T=J3 TO 11:PRINTN1$
(T)";"N2$(T) , :IF C+T>11 THEN C=C
-11:D=T+C:PRINTN1$(D) ":"N2$(D) :N
EXTT:GOT015 ELSE PRINT N1$(T+C)+
W|"+N2$ (T+C) INEXT T:GOT015
Donny Schiavone
Tulsa, OK
(For this winning two-liner contest entry, the author has been sent copies
of both The Second Rainbow Book Of Adventures and its companion The
Second Rainbow Adventures Tape)
turns red and the words "You feel very strange" signal that
you are being transported to another universe, first from
the ice to a desert. There is no turning back! When you
happen upon Sam's Saloon, you will want to pause long
enough to watch as Sam wipes the bar — one of the cutest
graphics in Adventuredom!
Once you find the gateway out of the desert, you are
transported to a jungle, from there to a desert island and,
after a few surprises, find yourself on a barren, rocky
volcanic island, and hopefully will be able to solve the
Adventure and thus save Earth. When you do, you are
treated to a scrolling Mercator projection of Earth and the
song "Happy Trails."
The game is loaded by typing LORDM "OMNI"; the disk
starts whirring and OK appears on the screen — then panic
sets in — the disk keeps whirring madly and there is no
cursor after the OK prompt. At this point the temptation
is great to push the Reset button, thinking the program has
fouled up. Resist that impulse! The program itself is loading
— and it takes over one minute. Eventually, the drive stops
spinning and the usual color check appears on the screen.
Since the loading of Omniverse is different from usual, I
think Computerware should mention it in the loading
directions.
The save game feature used is also new to me, and a few
words of caution are in order here. I mentioned that your
progress can be saved before each peril, real or imagined;
you number each one from zero to nine, but individual saves
do not show up in the directory when the DIR command
is used, and FREE returns 68, even if there are 10 saves on
the disk. Disk inspection reveals that Omniverse writes
directly to Track 0. If, in haste, you grab the first formatted,
blank disk in your disk box and forget to label it, you could
mistake this for another blank disk at some future date. If
you do not record on your map the number of the individual
save, as well as where it occurs, a save you wish to keep
can easily be overwritten.
There are a number of features included in Omniverse
that are not found in the average Adventure. In addition
to being able to use the joystick or arrow keys for
movement, those with the Radio Shack speech module can
elect to have all writing, which appears on the screen,
spoken through their speech cartridge. If you tire of this
feature, it can be toggled off. Scott Cabit also includes
multipart music in the program, and thoughtfully allowed
for those of us in a hurry to get on with the action to
abbreviate it by depressing the space bar. However, the
music is so well-done that you will want to take the time
to listen to it at least once.
Omniverse has over 200 locations in several separate
"worlds" to inspect, so, of course, many use the same
pictures. Some of these are outstanding and, overall, the
pictures are clear and colorful. There are fewer objects to
inspect than in many Adventures and few real puzzles.
Everyone will have a lot of fun wandering about and
enjoying its special features, but it is not too difficult for
the average Adventurer. Careful map-making is the key to
success with this one.
(Computerware, P.O. Box 668, Encinitas, CA 92024,
requires 64K, tape $24.95, disk $27.95 plus $2 S/H)
— Carol Kueppers
1 84 THE RAINBOW March 1986
Software ReviewSSSSSZ Z^SSSSSSSSSS?/^\
CCZAP Helps Find
Hidden Control Codes
About two days after I got my disk drive, I discovered
what a disk zap program is for. I'm sure no one else has
ever accidentally gotten a write-protect tab stuck in his disk
drive, but believe it or not, I did. You would be amazed how
poorly a disk drive writes with a protect tab floating around
in it! I found out the hard way. Luckily, I had a friend with
a zap program. He helped me out of my problem.
CCZAP is a disk zap utility program. A disk zap is a
program that reads the contents of a disk directly and
without regard to the nature of the data. Generally the user
is given a choice of format for the presentation of the data,
i.e., ASCII, hexadecimal or some combination of the two.
I received CCZAP on a disk along with four pages of
documentation that covered the bare bones operation of the
program. One of the surprising things in the documentation
is all the possible drive variations for which the authors have
allowed. The program allows you to have up to four drives,
up to 80 tracks per drive and up to 36 sectors per track.
This nice feature allows those with JDOS and double-sided
drives to use CCZAP.
To make the program start, the user inserts the disk with
CCZAP in Drive 0 and types RUN "RUNCCZGP". This is not
a misprint; the program name is RUNCCZAP. The
program loads a binary file that is patched with the answers
the user supplies about track numbers, sector counts, etc.
The program then allows you to save this setup for future
use. From this point on, the program is completely menu
driven.
The main menu gives several options:
R — read a user specified track and sector
M — modify the selected track and sector
W — write the modified selection
SHFT CLR — print the selection
B — exit to BASIC
; — advance to the next sector
back up to the previous sector
The first action the user must take in using the zap program
is to read the desired track and sector. Both the track and
sector must be entered in hexadecimal.
Entering 'M' at the main menu allows you to modify or
examine the contents of your selected track and sector. This
display is in ASCII format with all nonprintable characters
as periods. When examining sector contents, it is sometimes
useful to see all the contents including the otherwise hidden
control codes. This is accomplished by pressing the CLEAR
key. Pressing the BREAK key takes you back to the main
menu. Changing the contents of the sector is done by using
the arrow keys to position the cursor over the desired
character and simply typing over it. If the display is in
ASCII you must use ASCII, if not, you must use hexadec-
imal notation. After changing the sector, you must use the
4 W selection to write the desired changes to disk.
At the main menu the user may advance one sector at
a time by pressing the V key or back up one sector by
pressing the key. This action must be followed by the 'R'
selection to read the new sector.
All of the program selections ran well and I was not able
to break out of the program, nor was I able to make the
program crash.
While I cannot honestly fault the CCZAP in any
particular section, I did not feel comfortable using it. This
is the first program I have used in which I felt trapped by
the menu-driven structure. For example, if you are looking
for a particular piece of data in a file and incorrectly guess
its location, you must go back to the menu, make another
guess, read the data and examine the data. This is not
particularly user friendly. Forcing the user to enter track and
sector in hexadecimal and allowing the user to view the
contents either in Hex or ASCII, but not both at the same
time, is also not very user friendly.
I would like to suggest to the authors that rather than
a menu screen, the display could be the sector itself. The
menu could be above and below in a scroll-protected area.
This would allow the user to see the contents and not have
to return to the menu to select another sector. If the authors
divided the screen into two halves, left and right, the Hex
notation and the ASCII could be viewed at the same time;
it would make the user's job much simpler. As a user, I
would gladly exchange the ability to see an entire sector for
the simplicity gained.
CCZAP is basically a good program that could be made
a lot better by making it easier to use. The price seems to
be a little high in light of the current trend to keep software
prices low and sell more copies, however, I do not hesitate
to recommend this program.
(Matrix Computing, P.O. Box 2011, 380 5th Avenue, SE,
Salmon Arm, British Columbia, Canada VOE 2T0, printer
optional, disk $49.95 U.S. funds)
— Larry Goldwasser
One-Liner Contest Winner . . .
This one-liner draws snowflakes at random posi-
tions on the screen
The listing:
0 PMODE4 : SCREEN1 , X : PCLS : FORD^ITO
20 : A=RND(20 ) rB-RND (20 ) : C=RND ( 20 )
: A$- M BM fl +STR$ (RND (216) +20) +" , ,f +S
TR$ (RND (151) +20) +" ;A"+STR$ (RND (4
) - 1 ) + 1 1 ; ND=A ; NU=A ; NL=B ; NR=B ; NE=C ;
NG==C;NH«C;NF=C : DRAMA $ : NEXT : FOR
Z=1T02 300 :NEXT : GOTO
Garry Sittler
Jacksonville, IL
(For this winning one-liner contest entries, the author has been sent copies
of both The Second Rainbow Book Of Adventures and its companion The
Second Rainbow Adventures Tape.)
March 1986 THE RAINBOW 185
— ■ _- - r"
BOO o
Files! Uiew
Data Director y —
-W- □ DB
Filet 3 Datafile Budget
5h3 \GSt
AprilSS Friends Bull etin
S3 □ GB
Kidstuff Resumes Yearl985
110
Compusrv DowJones Picturel
Recipes Entrpriz
DeskMate 7*in4 software
makes your Color Computer
better than even
Now our popular Deskmate® soft-
ware is available for disk-based
Color Computers! DeskMate
(26-3259, $99.95) features seven
popular personal-productivity
programs — all on one disk!
A general-purpose TEXT entry
and editing program performs
search and replace, file merge and
block select, copy and delete. It's
ideal for writing correction-free
letters, memos and short reports.
A simple spreadsheet program in-
cludes an easy-to-use menu and au-
tomatic column formatting. You can
jse LEDGER to do budgeting,
sales forecasting, profit-and-loss
projections and other "What
f . . .?'* calculations.
A four-color picture editor lets
m *».»» m,
v.im Mt-M SW-
IM. It m.
t M.Wt Ml.
It. 1M.M |H.
Mrltlt tll.M til
you create lines,
shapes, patterns,
fills in areas
with color and
enter text. Using
PAINT, you can
LEDGER create colorful
charts, graphs, designs and "doo-
dles" on your screen, then print a
copy on a dot-matrix or ink-jet
printer.
The INDEX CARDS personal fil-
ing system lets you enter and edit
data and per-
INDEX CARDS
form simple
sorts and
searches. It's
ideal for keep-
ing track of
names and
addresses.
..»■ tt* I
l»ti t
itmi mi
Eur t»i*
*Mf« 111.
»■«(!»
lilt tilt
EMI Itit
CM
II
itaa :w hoc
tut flflH
MM Ml W
TELECOM, a
communications
program lets
you access na-
tional informa-
tion services,
TELECOM pl us transmit
and receive files from other com-
puters by phone (requires modem).
A simple monthly calendar pro-
gram displays "to do's" for any date.
CALENDAR is an easy way to or-
ganize your work day.
A four-
function CAL-
CULATOR, with
memory, is also
available within
any application
TEXT EDITOR without inter-
rupting the screen in the program
you are currently using.
If you don't already have a disk
drive for your color computer, you
can add one
for just $299
(26-3131). The
5 l U", thinline
floppy drive
plugs into your
Program Pak®
CALENDAR port for over
156,000 characters of storage. Add
a second drive at any time, too.
Radio /hack
The Technology Store
A DIVISION OF TANDY CORPORATION
uttD ttfi ......
(MtttUMl
**
taw a*
trnmrnmrn
mmi T i»aRii»Hi
■
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Mail to: Radio Shack
Dept. 86-A-096, 300 One Tandy Center
Fort Worth, Texas 76102
Free! New 1986 Software Guide RSC-16.
I
1
1
i
I
Name _
Address
City
State _
Phone _
ZIP
Price applies at Radio Shack Computer Centers and par-
ticipating stores and dealers. DeskMate/Registered TM
Tandy Corp.
Software Review SSSSSSSSSSSESS?17?\ Hardware ReviewSSSESSESSSE^SSTjT:
Watch out for the Deadly
Bite in Buzzworm
You are "Buzzworm," a very hungry snake. Your job (like
it or not) is to run around a maze full of snake bait. When
you run over each piece of bait, your tail instantly increases
in length about one-half inch (talk about eating your
vegetables). The purpose of the game is not to bite yourself
while going around the maze.
Buzzworm is one of the earliest releases from Novasoft.
It requires 32K of RAM and can be played either on the
keyboard or with a joystick.
The game itself is very simple, but with all of the bells
and whistles it has, you may want to take a closer look.
Some of the features are as follows: Every fifth screen is
a surprise bonus round, where bait is worth 100 points, and
you may not die. Another feature is that when a 10,000 point
plateau is reached, an egg is dropped on the screen. You
must try not to eat the egg, even though it is worth 1,000
points, because inside the egg is an extra buzzworm.
At the conclusion of a game you may choose to play again
or to end the game. There is no pause in Buzzworm because
of the speed. This is one feature I think should be added.
I did not think Buzzworm measured up to many of the
other Novasoft games. It does not have the exciting pizazz
like all of the other games from Novasoft that I have seen
lately. I give Buzzworm a two-star rating, which is slightly
below average. I recommend that you look at it before
buying it.
(Novasoft, 4285 Bradford N.E., Grand Rapids, MI 49506,
tape $15.95, disk $18.95)
— Patrick Downard
Play it Cool
with CoCo Cooler Too
Heat! It is a problem known to many CoCo owners.
Excessive heat can make a CoCo suddenly lock up or go
off to never-never land, taking your data and several hours
of work with it. CoCo I owners who have had heat problems
have been using a product called the CoCo Cooler, a fan
that draws air through the computer to reduce or eliminate
heat buildup. Up until now, CoCo 2 owners have been out
of luck. But wait! Just when you thought all was lost, REM
Industries has come out with the "Son of CoCo Cooler":
CoCo Cooler Too.
The CoCo Cooler Too is a fan designed to attach (with
adhesive foam) to the left rear of your CoCo 2. To install
it, all you do is peel the protective strip off the foam and
position the fan properly over the vent holes on the top rear
left corner of the case. Once installed, it should never come
off as the adhesive bonds it securely. After installation, just
plug the fan into the wall and turn the power on; the CoCo
Cooler Too starts working.
CoCo Cooler Too draws air through the inside of your
CoCo and sends it out into the room, taking the heat inside
the CoCo with it. I found the CoCo Cooler Too reduced
the inside temperature of my CoCo by about five degrees,
but it must be added that my computer runs at only about
five degrees hotter than air temperature. REM Industries
claims the Cooler will bring the inside temperature of your
CoCo to "within 15 degrees of ambient in worst case
situations."
I found that using the Cooler caused no inconvenience
with using my CoCo. The fan makes very little noise —
certainly no more than the built-in fans on the PC-type
computers. The fan points down toward the table, so there
is very little air current to blow things around on your desk.
If you have a need to reduce heat buildup in your CoCo
2, the CoCo Cooler Too is a good solution, although the
price makes this an "as needed" item. Dr. Megabyte says
if you are not having an excessive heat problem, then you
most likely don't need this product. It is, however, cheap
when compared to the cost of down time and repair bills
caused by overheating your CoCo.
(REM Industries, Inc., 9420-B Lurline Ave., Chatsworth,
CA 91311, $44.95)
■ r''. .' . : '/.v.'..- ;V".. ■' :',.< ■ ,.>^a"-.H "■ *'$'-\V-> ■'■ ■ } <;T • *!'/. V s •' . -$X<1^ : *
Disk Directory Printout
If you have a long disk directory and want to see
all of it, or if you simply wish to have a hard copy
printout of your directory, one simple command
allows you to do this easily.
; Ju$t POKE 111,254 :DIR and the entire disk
directory will appear on your printer, even if it is too
188 THE RAINBOW March 1986
Mark £. Sunderlin
ENHANCE YOUR COCO!
The Enhancer gives you mixed text and graphics,
user-defined keys, PROCEDURES, keyboard AUTO-
REPEAT, scroll protect. It gives you true lower-case
letters, 224 characters, user-definable characters,
reverse/bold/underlined characters. The Enhancer
adds 15 commands and 3 functions to your CoCo's
vocabulary. It requires 64K, Extended BASIC. To
order, please specify tape or disk and send $18.00 U.S.
to:
H.D.R. Software
27 Doyle Street
St. John's, Nfld.
Canada A1E 2N9 Tel. (709) 364-3125
Hardware Review 1
Orchestra-90/ CC Impresses
with its Music Production
At the tender age of 5, Beethoven was composing. At 16,
Mozart was a recognized master. If you've ever felt the urge
to create your own beautiful music, or even to borrow
someone else's for your own ends, then you should look into
the comprehensive stereo music synthesizer, Orchestra-90/
CC, from Tandy. Included in the package is a ROM pack
with stereo outlets and a 100-page manual to get you started.
The minimum system required is a 16K CoCo and either
a stereo (for stereo sound) or television (for monaural
sound). The system can be used with tape or disk (though
a Multi-Pak is necessary for disk) to save and load
compositions, a printer to print your music files, or a
modem to transfer and receive files.
Right away you will be impressed with the documenta-
tion. I am an amateur musician (guitar and trombone), but
no great musical knowledge is necessary to begin program-
ming music right away. The music language used in
Orchestra-90/ CC makes it possible to transcribe or
compose music line by line in any time or key signature
using whole to 64th notes. You can use six octave ranges
and up to five simultaneous voices using two stereo
channels. Each of the voices may be assigned any of five
instrumental choices (tone colors to sound like a trumpet,
an oboe, a clarinet, an organ or a violin). You can single,
double or triple-dot the notes, and three articulations are
possible. You can even modulate (change to a different key)
within the song.
A new feature I discovered while doing this review is the
ability to now use the speed-up poke with Orchestra-90/ CC.
This allows the processor within the hardware to make a
more accurate sampling, which allows for higher and
cleaner notes and better sound quality overall.
When first hooking up your system, a demonstration
music file of Rossini's "William Tell Overture "shows off just
what Orchestra-90/ CC can do. Heard over the television,
this composition is quite impressive, but played over the
Hint . - ,=
What's Your ROM Version?
With all the talk about new ROMs, you may be
wondering exactly which ROM you have. If you have
ari older CoCo with Extended BASIC, just read the
version number of your Extended BASIC at the top of
the screen on power up. Then, to see which Color
BASIC ROM you have, type EXEC 41175 and press
ENTER
If you have the new ROMs, Extended BASIC will
be Version 1.1 and Color BASIC will be Version 1.2.
On the CoCo 2, Color BASIC will always be Version
1.2 or 1 .3 (which are functionally identical).
stereo the quality is terrific. With that as cajoling, you are
ready to begin programming on your own.
The manual takes you through some samples, beginning
with simple tunes, then walks you through transcribing a
piece of music from the score. And speaking of score, the
system requires a one-letter command to score the music
you've programmed in before playing the piece. This
processes your program, but more importantly, it checks
for any mistakes and highlights them so you can go back
and easily make corrections before the performance.
I asked my wife, who teaches junior high music at a public
school, to look over Orchestra-90/ CC. She was impressed
with the logic of the music language. She felt it could go
a long way toward teaching music theory, but on an
individual basis rather than in a classroom situation.
Make no mistake about it, this is a powerful music
synthesizer. It has the capability of producing beautiful
music, but only as you master the music language. There
are no frills with this package — no graphics, no flashing
colors, no actual music printouts — which may be where
Orchestra-90/ CC is lacking the most. You need to take this
system seriously for it to be any fun at all. Music can express
the depths of our souls, and it may take a while to grasp
the music language, but once you do, youH be able to
produce intricate and beautiful music.
(Software Affair, distributed by Tandy Corp., available at
Radio Shack stores nationwide, $79.95)
— Jefferson L. Hatch
m " DUAL FLOPPY DISK DRIVE
rlf IP
IP'
III F
ONLY
$14000
BRAND
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Plus shipping
• 368K of STORAGE CAPACITY
• RADIO SHACK MODEL 1 , 4 and
• COLOR COMPUTER COMPATIBLE
The Digital Equipment RX180 contains two double density,
40 track, 5Y4 inch Shugart compatible mini-floppy disk
drives with power supply, cooling fan, and on/off switch and
line cord.
Great Radio Shack add ons sure to sell fast
at this low price . . .
Master Charge, Visa, American Express & COD
in For quick service order today by telephone
V7g> 617-547-4005 • 800-892-9230
ELI HEFFRON & Sons inc.
139-145 HAMPSHIRE ST. CAMBRIDGE, MA. 02139
March 1986 THE RAINBOW 189
Software Reviewt
Fun Puzzler is Educational
for Adults and Children Alike
By Carol Kueppers
Puzzler is a machine language program that generates
three popular paper-and-pencil puzzles — word search,
crossword and scrambled word, from lists of words and
their definitions which you create using the mini-editor
provided in the program. It comes as a complete package
and includes a nine-page instruction booklet that is a
pleasure to use because it details clearly, with a touch of
humor, how to use the program. The disk (or tape) also
includes three sample lists so you can go through the
procedures effortlessly, familiarizing yourself with the
program functions before moving on to your own puzzle-
making activities.
Many of you may already have a puzzle generator in
BASIC from rainbow's December 1982 issue. In the past
three years I have prepared puzzles for everything from
personalized birthday cards to vocabulary hand-outs for the
classes I visit with an "Art Goes to School" presentation.
These puzzles have been enormously successful, and, in the
case of the school classes, provide reinforcement of the
subject matter, but they are somewhat limited.
Puzzler's word search puzzle generator creates a puzzle
in seconds, in the dimensions you choose. In addition, it
allows new choices for the finished product. Young children
have trouble finding words on the diagonal, so with Puzzler
they can be eliminated; you can make puzzles for young
readers using their vocabulary — and they can make puzzles
for you from the same word list, but including the diagonals.
You can race to the finish!
Two-Liner Contest Winner .
This two-line program sorts the filenames on a disk
into alphabetical order. Back up the diskette first, then
insert it into Drive 0 and RUN.
The listing:
p CLEAR400J2f:DIMF$(72) :H=^:FORS=3
T011 : DSKI$j3 , 17 , S , A$ , B$ : C$=A$+LEF
T$ (B$ , 127 ) : K=l : L=H+1 : H=H+8 : FORN=
L TOH: IFMID$ (C$, K, 1) <>CHR$ (255) T
HE NF $ ( N ) =MI D$(C$,K,31): K=K+ 3 2 : NE
XTN : NEXTS : ELSEFORI=lT0N-2 : FORJ=I
TON-1: IFF$ (J) <F$ (I) THENT$= s F$ (J)
:F$(J)=F$(I) :F$(I)=T$
1 NEXTJ:NEXTI:FORI=N T072:F$(I)=
STRING $ (31,255): NEXTI : T$=CHR$ (0 )
: 1=1 : FORS=3T01 1 : A$=F$ ( I ) +T$+F$ ( I
+1) +T$+F$ (1+2 ) +T$+F$ (1+3 ) +T$ : B$=
F$ (1+4) +T$+F$ (1+5) +T$+F$ (1+6) +T$
+F$ ( 1+7 ) +T$ : DSKO$0 ,17,3 , A$ , B$ : 1=
1+8 : NEXTS : CLEAR2 J3 J3 : END
Stephen Hunter
iSX^l^...,. Athens, GA
(For this winning two-liner contest entry, the author has been sent copies
of both The Second Rainbow Book Of Adventures and its companion The
Second Rainbow Adventures Tape,)
Despite their popularity, thepe standard word search
puzzles are a bit primitive, presenting only a matrix of letters
with a neat list of the requested ; words beneath. However,
Puzzler gives you the ability to print definitions instead of
words. Since you compose the definitions, they can be as
easy or as difficult as you dare! Now the solver has to think
up the possible correct word and search for that. Obviously,
this makes a better hand-out for classrooms since the
definitions are a summary of the material, but any puzzle
lover will appreciate the variety. \
When making crossword puzzles* you'll find the puzzles
resemble a completed "Scrabble" game, or those found in
word game books for children. The puzzles interlock at few
points, so there are few common letters to act as clues in
the solution. They look easier than they actually are, which
is something to remember when writing the definitions. The
puzzle generator, nonetheless, creates puzzles that are a
great deal of fun to solve.
You may create lists of words and definitions at any time,
then save them and use them for the puzzles. When you
select "compile crossword" from the menu of choices, the
screen shows which try the program is working on and
flashes some symbols across the screen as it works. I liked
this feature a lot, since all too often programs present only
a blank screen while computations occur and I'm never sure
if the program is working, or (perish the thought!), has
vanished into never-never land.
The generator may not succeed in placing all of the words
in the puzzle in its first five tries. You then have the option
of viewing the puzzle, asking it to meet or beat its best
attempt, accepting the placement as is or entering the
"endless retry" mode. In endless retry, a list of 30 words is
placed in only a couple of minutes. For the purposes of this
review I filled the program's buffer with a list of 50 words
and their definitions, selected endless retry and left for the
evening. After four hours it had not succeeded, but showed
Two-Liner Contest Winner . . .
Rock- Scissors- Paper is a two-line CoCo version of
the old favorite.
The listing:
10 EXEC44539 : CLS3 : C$ ( 2 ) ="ROCK" : C
$ (3 ) =" SCISSORS" : C$ (1) ~" PAPER" : A$
= »I WIN-":B$="YOU WIN-":D$="SCIS
SORS CUT PAPER" :E$="ROCK BREAKS
SCISSORS" :F$="PAPER COVERS ROCK"
:G$="TIE":PRINT"CHOOSE rOCK-sCIS
SORS-pAPER "; :EXEC44539:X$=INKEY
$:C=RND(3) : IFX$=="P"THENX$="Q
RUNELSEIFH$ ; _ _
RUNELSEIFH$="Q 2"THENP
RUNELSEIFH$="R 1"THENP
RUNELSEIFH$="S 2"THENP
RUNELSEIFH$="Q 3 "THENP
RUNELSEPRINTG$ : RUN
Meg and Paul Clough
Houston, TX
(For this winning two-liner contest entry, the author has been sent copies
of both The Second Rainbow Book Of Adventures and its companion The
Second Rainbow Adventures Tape.)
RINTB$;E$
RINTB$ ; D$
RINTB$;F$
RINTA$;F$
RINTA$;E$
RINTA$ ; D$
190
THE RAINBOW March 1966
that its best placement was 36 words. I then selected the
menu option "meet or beat best" attempt. After 10 minutes
it had achieved that goal. The instructions do not state the
present limit on the program, but it appears to be between
30 and 40 words. It is probably easier, and faster, to edit
long lists down to a 30-word total to be sure the finished
puzzle includes all the words you consider essential before
compiling a puzzle. Real fans can use Puzzler to create a
framework and add to it manually.
To print out the graphics of the crosswords, the program
includes screen dumps for the most popular dot-matrix
printers. If your printer is not on the list, you can first try
those listed to see if one works. If none do and you have
a screen dump program for your printer, you can first print
out the definitions, save the graphics screen, exit Puzzler,
load in the graphics screen and the screen dump program,
and proceed. Although the program worked fine with my
Radio Shack Line Printer VIII, I tested this option and can
report that it does work.
However, you might want to take advantage of Color
Connection's third option, which is to contact them for
technical advice and customize Puzzler's screen dump
program for your printer, or send a photocopy of your
printer manual's bit-image graphics pages and they will
customize the program for you. I spoke with Color
Connection and found them friendly, helpful and anxious
to have their customers enjoy their creations.
The third puzzle type, scrambled words, simply takes
your word list and scrambles the letters. All three types
allow you to print an answer key.
I created a few puzzles for a group of kids one rainy
Saturday. They, in turn, thought up puzzles for me — it took
them a while since they were trying for the obscure, and they
looked through encyclopedia volumes, history books and
even Bartlett's for a couple of quotes. Their completed
masterpiece was absolutely impossible. To their vast
amusement, I kept begging for hints and ended up with only
four correct answers! All of them, meanwhile, had inadvert-
ently learned quite a bit. I suggest that other families do
this the same way; your kids will probably also enjoy
stumping the adults.
As good as Puzzler is at present, the author, Darren
Croft, is working on some improvements that will probably
be finished by the time this review appears. The upgrade
will permit several previously created lists to be loaded in
at once, so words and definitions can be selected from them,
rather than requiring each new list to "start from scratch."
This effect can be achieved at present by loading the various
lists into any word processing program that accepts ASCII
files. You then edit carefully, retain the Puzzler format, save
your new list and use it for puzzle making. The new version
will make crosswords that accept more words arid will
include screen dumps for more printers.
Puzzler is terrific. Adults who love puzzles will have lots
of fun with your creations — include a couple personalized
ones with your next get-well card. Families, teachers and
scout leaders can quickly make up an assortment of puzzles
to have on hand for a rainy day or that "endless" car or
plane trip, as well as using these as an educational tool.
(Color Connection Software, 1080 Buddlea Drive, Sandy,
UT 84070, 32K disk or tape $29.95)
Accessory ReviewJSSSSES5SSSSSEE^/7Z\
Stay Undercover with the
CoCo Keyboard Cover
This will be a short review — just how much can you say
about a keyboard cover? The CoCo Keyboard Cover is
made of hard, opaque black plastic with a smooth, shiny
finish. It fits the Color Computer keyboard even if you have
installed one of several after-market keyboards available for
the CoCo. (I have installed a keyboard with keys that stick
up a bit higher than other keyboards I've seen, and the cover
fits fine.) There is a decal on the inside of the cover that
lists some of the most commonly used PEEKs and POKEs,
i.e., printer Baud rate, high-speed, hard copy of directory,
start, end, and execute addresses of machine language
programs, as well as a chart showing the memory locations
of the keys.
This accessory does not take up another outlet on your
power strip, and it keeps dust off of the keyboard. The decal
is a nice touch, but to read it, you have to remove the cover
and find some place to prop it up so you can see it. For
something so simple, the price does seem to be a bit much.
(REM Industries, Inc., 9420-B Lurline Ave., Chatsworth,
CA 91311, $9.95 plus $2.50 S/H)
— Mark Williams
CORRECTIONS
"Trivia Tic-Tac-Toe" (December 1985, Page 69):
Richard Pitel tells us that some readers with cassette
systems have reported a problem with the Tic-Tac-toe
program.
Line 220 reads CLOSE i. This statement closes the
disk file, and on a cassette system you may get a DN
Error message. Simply delete Line 220 to take care of
this problem. If you add a disk drive to your system,
put Line 220 back in.
"Letters to Rainbow" (February 1986, Page 7): The
"Editor's Note" in response to a letter from Brian
Collins of Waldorf, Maryland ("Computer Animation
on a VCR") had the commands at the end of the
instructions transposed. It should read: "When you
want to record do: a MOTOR off. Do a MOTOR ON when
you want to stop." We apologize for being so back-
ward!
In our effort to advise you quickly of any revisions, omissions,
corrections or enhancements to our program listings, these will
be posted on our new Delphi CoCo SIG as soon as they are
reported, and will then be printed in the earliest possible issue
of THE RAINBOW, From the CoCo SIG> prompt, pick
TOPICS, then INFO ON RAINBOW.
March 1986 THE RAINBOW 191
Software ReviewJSSSEESSSSESSEE5*/^\
Stylo-Pak Sets a New Standard
for Word Processing
By Dale £. Shell
As a reviewer, I have been lucky enough to have had very
few bad products to review. It is usually easy to write a
negative review, but when a really outstanding product
comes along, it's sometimes difficult to convey how good
a product is. I have found one of these products.
Of all the word processors for the Color Computer, I had
progressed through five of them before I received Stylo-
graph. I was happy with each one before I went to the next
one in line, which I thought better fit my needs. I can still
see the advantages each one had over the others, but I can
now say, without hesitation, that Stylograph, when teamed
up with PBJ's Word-Pak, is by far the best word processor
for the Color Computer. I feel qualified to say this since I
have actively used five different processors before this one.
Stylograph is one part of Stylo-Pak, from Stylo Software.
You do not have to have an 80-column card to use
Stylograph; all you need is OS-9. Stylograph comes with
its own 51-column driver; it also has a driver to support O-
Pak. I believe the Word-Pak best enhances all of its features.
It is really nice to see all 80 columns at the same time. This
is not like the 85 columns some processors say they have
available. Their 85 columns are used in their "window"
mode so you can see how things are going to look when
printed. You can easily read these 80 columns, and it really
looks professional. It helps bring the CoCo up out of the
game computer category and into the serious computer
systems.
Stylograph has so many features that you will wonder
how you ever got along without them on your "old" word
processor. Like many other processors, Stylograph has a
cursor-based editing system that allows you to work on any
portion of the text by just moving the cursor to that point.
It uses many single keystroke commands, which are
symmetrically arranged on the keyboard to quickly move
the cursor around the text. The selection of these keys is
different from the other processors I have used, so yes, there
is some learning required, but it is well worth it.
Cursor control includes up, down, left, right, tabs, margin
positions and any page or specified series of letters or words.
The display can be scrolled up, down, left or right. This
feature is not always used with Word-Pak since you can see
80 columns at a time. Any block of text can be moved,
copied, duplicated or deleted. Stylograph also has a global
replace so that some or all occurrences of a given word or
string of words can be replaced. It includes a "Keyboard
Function" card in the manual. This card can be placed in
a convenient location for quick reference until you get used
to all the functions available.
Dynamic screen formatting is a strong feature of
Stylograph. Dynamic screen formatting means the text is
immediately formatted on the screen in the same way as it
appears on the printed copy. The text display is continu-
ously updated to reflect any changes. This is one of the
impressive features that usually only appears on very
expensive systems. This is much better than the way some
processors use a "window" so you can see how the printed
page will look. Some do not even have the window. With
Stylograph, if you center a section of text, it is immediately
centered on the screen; if you right-hand justify, that is
192 THE RAINBOW March 1986
reflected on your screen. Any of the text or individual lines
may be centered, left justified and/ or right justified. You
truly have "what you see is what you get." Even margins
can be set and changed at any place in the text with simple
commands that control the line length, left margin, headers
and footers. Of course, wrap-around is used, and the
headers and footers are also inserted, so the operator always
knows what portion of the page is being worked on.
Stylograph allows modification of characters or words in
a variety of ways. It uses reverse video such that each time
you "boldface" a word, the screen displays the word in
reverse video. This enables identification of any character
modifications easily and quickly when scrolling through
text.
Another feature I really like is the "page break." When
you get to the end of a page while entering text, a dotted
line goes across the screen to let you know where each line
is relative to the new page. A manual page break is available
so you can eliminate orphans and widows. These are single
lines of a paragraph that print on a different page than the
rest of the paragraph.
Along with boldface, Stylograph lets you take advantage
of all the features your printer is capable of doing. Some
of these include: expanded print, condensed print, 1.5 line
spacing, superscript, subscript, underline, overline or any
combination. Also, true proportional spacing is supported
on the specialty printers. Your printer may not be able to
use all the options available, but all your printer's options
are probably supported by Stylograph. A configuration
program is included that allows you to customize Stylo-
graph for your printer. Stylograph comes configured for the
most popular printers, and you can have it default to your
printer. If you do not see your printer in its table, it is very
easy to add your printer to its list. (I had to do this with
my Riteman Plus.) As said before, you can have Stylograph
default to your printer, but you also have the option when
you call up Stylograph, to call up any of the 12 possible
printer drivers.
I am always concerned with the lack of good documen-
tation that comes with a program. This manual consists of
well over 200 pages. While the number of pages is not an
indication of how well the program is documented, the
pages of this manual are organized and include a lot of
information. Most parts of the manual are designed so very
little knowledge of computer systems is needed to use it
effectively. Some knowledge of the OS-9 operating system
Slow Scrolling
through Orange
Here's a powerful little POKE that slows your
scrolling by creating a horizontal LIST. Type POKE
359,60 and you'll see what we mean. Add a colon (;)
and 5CREEN0 , 1 and you'll be slow-scrolling across an
orange screen. To return to the green screen at full tilt,
just type POKE 359,126.
Now! 500 new programs for the Tandy 1000!
For Your TRS-80 Color Computer
Apple - Atari ■ Commodore - TRS 80 I, III, 4 & Color ■ IBM PC Jr. ■ Tandy 1000
New Educational Programs for
Grades K-12 and Adult Self-Studies
32 Programs Now Available on Disk
for TRS Color Computers
id in
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Interactive Tutorial Programs for Home or Classroom Use
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Mathematics 128
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Atari cassette recorder and the Dorsett
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HOW DO YOO SHARE A RAINBOW?
It's simple —
Give a rainbow gift
certificate . . .
Share the rainbow with your
friends by giving a gift subscription
to the premier information source
for the Color Computer. Then, each
month, all year-round, they'll enjoy
the spectrum of rainbow programs,
articles and information written
exclusively for their CoCo!
First, they'll receive a handsome
card announcing your gift. Then,
they'll be reminded of you each
month when they receive up to 300
pages of the rainbow — including
as many as 24 programs, 15 regular
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When you give a rainbow gift
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is helpful to copy the files needed to set up Stylograph, but
normally it takes a person with reasonable typing skills only
a short time to start using the program competently. Once
Stylograph is installed on a system disk, almost anyone can
be using it in no time.
The manual has a three-lesson tutorial, which is broken
into four parts; the best way to learn to use Stylograph is
to sit down with your CoCo and practice all the commands
as they are explained in the tutorial. The exercises are
designed for the person who is inexperienced with compu-
ters and who will be using the word processing program for
the first time. A person with even a little OS-9 experience
can go through the tutorial in just a few hours, but take
your time and review the functions after using them.
The minimum hardware requirements include a 64K
CoCo, one disk drive, a TV screen and a printer. While this
allows you to run Stylograph, you have to do a lot of disk
swapping and you are limited to a 51 by 24 screen. The ideal
configuration adds another disk drive, a standard screen
monitor and an 80-column card — this is what I used. This
configuration turns the Color Computer into a viable desk-
top computer. I am constantly amazed at the CoCo's ability
to grow and expand. Just look at the computer systems that
came along at the same time the CoCo first appeared —
they are not around anymore and the CoCo continues to
get better.
Stylo-Pak includes Stylograph, Mail Merge and the
Spelling Checker. Mail Merge lets you conveniently merge
variables such as names, addresses and dates at printout
time for form letters. It also allows for breaking large files
into smaller, more manageable blocks so they can be
appended together at printout. Page numbers remain
consecutive and headers and footers are automatically
retained. The Spelling Checker offers a dictionary of up to
42,000 words. Words not found in the main dictionary or
the supplementary dictionary may be marked for later
editing, skipped, added to the supplementary dictionary or
corrected on the spot. This is where my only complaint of
Stylo-Pak comes in. After a suspected word is found, if you
want to correct it, you have to enter the word and make
sure it is spelled correctly. Why do you have to get another
dictionary to look up a word when you already have one
in your computer? I would like to see a "look-up" option
that can be accessed at the time the text is being reviewed.
Even with the minor discrepancy, Stylo-Pak is a very wise
investment. When teamed up with PBJ's Word-Pak or
Word-Pak II, Stylo-Pak is, without a doubt, the best word
processing system for the Color Computer and raises it to
new heights in the serious world of computing and word
processing. It sets a new standard that other word proces-
sors will be measured against, and at this point, there are
none that can compare. As you probably guessed, I give it
my highest rating, and I had to create a new level to do that.
Stylo-Pak is available for OS-9 and is also available for
FLEX. Stylograph is available alone for $99.95, Mail Merge
and Spelling Checker for $59.95 and $69.95, respectively,
or you can get all three in Stylo-Pak. When you first see
Stylograph, be ready to dump the word processor you are
now using.
(Stylo Software, Inc., P.O. Box 916, Idaho Falls, ID 83402,
OS-9 or FLEX, disks $199.95)
Software Review<
Calculating Parts Per Million
Does the Figuring for You
Applications are a lot less fun than utilities or even games,
but their availability may mean a given computer system
is going to stay around awhile. If so, CoCo is blessed.
Calculating Parts Per Million is a program that deter-
mines how much fertilizer to add to a given volume of water
to achieve a specified ratio of parts per million. Its
applicability covers the entire agricultural range, from the
large farming business to the home gardener wondering how
many tablespoons of fertilizer to put in a bucket of water.
The arithmetic is simple enough, but tiresome to figure by
hand, and such a program as this may be exactly what will
simplify your day.
The program occupies 273 lines of BASIC and a small data
file. In use, it is very simple. You are prompted at every stage
and the documentation walks you through the whole
program, step by step: whether you are using a tank or
injector system, how much water is being used (less than
10 gallons affords you the option of seeing the amount of
fertilizer to add expressed in tablespoons rather than
pounds), how much nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium
(in percentages, such as 20-10-20) for a number of fertilizers
(as many as will be used in the mix) and desired parts per
million of water. The program then does the necessary
calculations and tells how much fertilizer to add.
Shortcomings? There is not room for many, really. It is
irritating to have the program take you back to its sign-on
message with any incorrect entry, wiping out everything that
has already been entered. A space added before the word
"tablespoons" in Line 1120 would make the screen
presentation a bit more readable. However, this is an early
version of the program, and these are precisely the kinds
of annoyances that tend to disappear in the release versions.
The manual is one page of dot-matrix printout containing
almost all you need to know. An exception appears under
the heading "PPM 1 ' (Parts Per Million), where anyone
unfamiliar with this concept is advised to "call their county
agricultural agent for information concerning this." I
suppose it would be fair to assume anyone looking for such
a program as this would know what PPM stands for.
(Green Horizons, P.O. Box 768, Mooresville, NC 28115,
disk $17.95)
- R.W. Odlin
^CANADIAN PAYROLL*?!? jg^g^g
sfrf? JS)f)?} SPCYS/^ EICEPTIONAL. . . .EICELLENT SOFTWARE... EABV
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•FORMATTED SCREENS » FULL EORMAT TRAPP I NQ*ANY PRINTER
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mALL MEDIA TRANBFER*BACK — UPPABI E * PASSWORD PROTECTED
REQLJ IREH a 32K ECB COLOUR CDMPU f E IV X T C> F» 1 OO/BINGLE DISK
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< ONTARIO RESIDENTS ADD TX P.B.T)
CALCULATES
•IX OR MULTIPLE PAY R ATE • C . P _ P WME ALTH • U . I - C » M I LE AOE
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March 1986 THE RAINBOW 1 95
Software Review^
Go for the Gold in Fast
and Furious Gold Runner
I'm sure you have heard of the "computer slump" and
may have become concerned, as I have, at the situation.
What does this mean to Color Computer owners? How will
it affect our purchasing power and ability to buy good
software? After some careful consideration, I came to the
conclusion that although the computer market is very
complex, one of thfc major drivers of this slump is the
maturation of the consumer. He has become a much more
wary purchaser of both hardware and software. One thing
the slump creates is a "buyers' market," which should result
in better quality products for lower prices. With this preface,
IH describe my impression of a new CoCo graphics/ arcade
game called Gold Runner. Remember that under the current
conditions, only a very good product is likely to succeed.
Gold Runner was produced by Tom Mix Software, which
has developed some of the more popular entertainment
programs for the Color Computer. These include The King
and Trapfall 9 among others. Well, Gold Runner lives up to
this reputation for quality software.
Action in Gold Runner is fast and furious, but the game
is simple. You operate a stickman around a vertical playing
board of ladders, ropes and brick walkways, picking up
blocks of gold. There are a few slight complications. Several
guards chase you and, if caught, you lose a man. Also, there
is an occasional invisible trapdoor that causes you to fall
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through the brick walkway. This may confuse the stickman,
causing him to get caught. Fortunately, there is a tool to
battle the guards. You can blast holes into the walkway,
which traps the pursuing guards, or this can be used to drop
the stickman to a lower level, eluding capture. Sometimes
a gold brick is buried in a walkway and the only way to
get to it is to blast a hole, then jump in. There is some risk
that the hole will close and crush the stickman if you are
not fast enough. Another complication arises from the need
to steal gold blocks away from the guards, who sometimes
carry them. Your stickman cannot touch a guard, so the
strategy in this situation is to trap the guard in a hole that
you blast and take the gold away.
Gold Runner is a multilevel game. Once all the gold
blocks have been collected, including those in possession of
the guards, your stickman can climb up the tallest ladder
to the next screen. All together there are over 25 screens,
with increasing levels of difficulty. If you should complete
all the screens, you win the honor of starting over, this time
with the challenge of two more guards in hot pursuit.
Gold Runner is a complete arcade game, with high score
saved to disk, keyboard or joystick entry, and pause and
restart as well as built-in voice sound. Unfortunately, I
cannot comment on the sound feature because it requires
the Radio Shack sound module and I don't have it. The
game is great without it, so it must be even better with the
sound module. The program is written in assembly language
and requires 64K of internal memory.
My only minor complaint about the game is the slow
drawing and erasing of new screens. The screen is drawn
in a circular fashion, like looking through an ever increasing
iris diaphram. This technique gives a nice effect, but it is
easy to tire of after a short time.
In summary, Gold Runner is a well-developed arcade
game that is fun to play. It's at the quality level and price
I believe is needed to survive the computer slump. I
recommend this product to the arcade game enthusiast or
anyone looking for a fast-action, well-written game for the
Color Computer.
(NovaSoft, 4285 Bradford N.E., Grand Rapids, MI 49506,
requires 64K, tape $14.95, disk $17.95)
— Tom Szlucha
ADU S3, » ShEPPiiv& Cm ALL QRDCRE.
LA. UEElDENTb ADU I ft*
Hint , . .
g
Some CoCo users have reported problems with
formatting more than one disk in successioiiy The
CoCo uses a technique called "write precompensa-
tion" on the more critical inner tracks of a disk; for
some reason, Disk basic doesn't turn off the feature
after a DSKINI is completed. If you need to format
more than one disk at a time, enter POKE 113,® and
press the Reset button after each disk
. • > lot! --P- •' "* 1 § \ .•
196 THE RAINBOW March 1986
Software Review SSSSSS^^^^^E^S^SfTZs
Marble Maze Presents a
Challenge for All Ages
I'm afraid this is going to reveal my age, but my first
exposure to the subject of this review, Marble Maze, was
not the electronic arcade version of the game, but its
mechanical precursor, called "The Amazing Labyrinth
Game," The "Labyrinth" game was made of wood and had
a steel marble that was rolled around a maze using two
knobs to tilt the playing surface. If you weren't careful, the
marble would drop into one of the holes drilled in the board
and you had to start over again.
This classic game has been converted into an arcade game
for the Color Computer by Diecom Products. The basic
elements of the original mechanical game have been
retained, in that there is a marble and a maze, but the
capabilities of the CoCo have allowed the programmer to
add some interesting variations. Instead of gravity, the
marble is controlled by the left joystick. The maze has been
enhanced to be a multilevel game, where the goal is to "roll"
your marble to the finish line in the shortest time possible.
As each level is completed, you are transported to a more
advanced level, with each maze becoming more difficult.
Dave Dies, the programmer, has added a few challenges to
make the game more interesting.
First, if you aren't careful, your marble can fall off the
edge of one of the mazes. Depending on the height of the
drop, the marble will either be stunned or cracked. Then
there are the "monsters of the mazes." The Marble-eaters
are creatures that look like little Slinkies. They move end
over end, wandering around the board waiting for a chance
to eat a marble. Actually, they seem to be docile creatures
until a marble bumps into them, then they jump into the
air, land on your marble and eat it.
There are also the mysterious Acid Puddles that move
around the board, shrinking and expanding as they go. If
you roll your marble into one of these, it dissolves. Electric
Snakes will also keep you on your toes as they slither around
the maze. Unlike the Marble-eaters, these move quite
quickly, but being touched by one also causes your marble
to dissolve.
One-Liner Contest Winner . . .
This one-liner is ^ example of a budgeting pro-
gram, #f
The listing:
17 J3 DIME (12) :F0RX==1T012: PRINT "EA
RNINGS FOR MONTH "X; : INPUT E (X) :N
EXT : PMODE4 : SCREEN1 , J3 : PCLS : FORX=l
T012:FORY=j3TO E(X)/1J3 :LINE (Y, (X-
a) *16+4)-(Y, (X-l) *16+12) ,PSET:NE
XT Y, X : EXEC 4:4-5 3 9 : CLEAR : GOTO 170
Richard A. Sherman
Deposit, N Y
(For this winning one-liner contest entry, the author has been sent copies
of both We Second Rainbow Book Of Adventures and its companion The
Second Rainbow Adventures Tape.)
At higher levels, you are greeted by moving walls and
transporter squares that move your marble elsewhere on the
board (not necessarily where you want to go, just else-
where).
One particular feature I like is that even if you get a little
sloppy and your marble suffers as a result, the game is not
over. Your marble is reincarnated at its last safe spot and
the game continues. Each player is given a period of time
to complete each maze. As a maze is completed, bonus
seconds are given, which are used on the next level. The
game is over when your time is up. The more skilled player
will complete each level more rapidly, as it also takes time
to get eaten and reappear on the board.
Marble Maze is a well-programmed game. The three-
dimensional boards are well drawn. The control of the ball
is very realistic, with the ball having a proportionate amount
of inertia depending on the speed of the marble. The lower
levels of the maze are easy enough for anyone, with
adequate challenges for more advanced players at higher
levels.
If you are good enough and have the disk version, you
can enter your name, or appropriate alias, on the score-
board section, which keeps track of the top six players.
If you are searching for a challenging CoCo game for all
ages and skill levels, Marble Maze could be a ball.
(Diecom Products, 6715 Fifth Line, Milton, Ontario,
Canada L9T 2X8, requires 64K ECB, tape or disk $29.95)
— Bruce Rothermel
Canadians
Send for your FREE copy
of our 1986 Catalog
KeHynevus
VOL 3
1986
KELLY SOFTWARE
SOFTWARE
DISTRIBUTORS
f OR THE COLOR
LIMITED
COMPUTER
Kellynews Vol-3 is now available and
contains news, hints, programs and articles
from the crew at Kelly Software. We are
Canada's largest national distributor of
Color Computer products and we stock all
the latest games, utilities, simulations and
business programs. We encourage all
Canadian Color Computer owners and
Dealers to send for our FREE catalog,
Kelly Software Distributors Ltd.
P.O. Box 11932
Edmonton, Alberta T5J 3L1
Tele (403) 421-8003
March 1 986 THE RAINBOW 1 97
Software Review t
S uper Directory Catalog
Keeps Track of Disk Files
Super Directory Catalog is one of the latest software
entries designed to help you keep track of all those disk files.
To use this program you need at least 32K and either Disk
BASIC 1.0 or J. 1. Super Directory Catalog is a very easy
program to use. It is written in machine language and is
menu driven.
The program has several menu options. "Read directory"
reads the directories of each of your disks. Before each
directory is read, you are asked for a directory name. This
can be up to four characters long and is not written to the
disk. A 32K machine will handle up to 1 ,700 filenames and
a 64K machine can handle a whopping 3,800 filenames.
"Save catalog" saves a master directory of the filenames,
which can then be loaded with "Load catalog." "Print
catalog" prints a catalog of your disk files, with up to 208
filenames printed four across on a page. A neat feature I
haven't seen on other programs of this type is that at the
bottom of each printed page, two filenames are printed in
brackets. They indicate the first and last filenames on that
page. The program can be ended by selecting "end."
Selecting "maintenance" takes you to a second level menu
of the next six functions. "Sort" will sort the filenames in
alphabetical order. The sort is quite' fast — it sorted over
800 filenames for me in less than three minutes. The sort
time increases exponentially, as the number of entries
increases. It takes about 60 minutes to sort 3,850 filenames
according to the documentation. The sort function is
somewhat disappointing, though. Since it only does an
alphabetical sort, you can't, for instance, get a printout of
all your BASlOonly programs. This ability would have been
a nice addition. "List filenames" displays all the filenames
in the buffer to the screen. Twenty filenames at a time are
displayed two across on the screen. "Delete filenames"
allows you to update your catalog by simply deleting all the
filenames on a particular disk and rereading the directory
of that disk. This function deletes all filenames assigned to
a disk, not individual filenames. "Selective search" helps
you quickly locate a particular filename or all the files on
a certain disk. All you have to do is type in all or part of
the filename or the entire directory name. "Set default drive"
allows you to select any drive from 0-3 as the default. "Clear
buffer" clears all the data in the buffer.
Super Directory Catalog is a good piece of software that
does exactly what it says it will do. I do feel the price is
a little high, though, for what the program does. I
recommend it, but for the price I think we deserve a little
more.
(Metalsoft, P.O. Box 7796, Independence, MO 64054,
$24.95 plus $2 S/H)
— Michael Hunt
★ ****★ SELECTED SOFTWARE ******
SOLDERLESS UPGRADE KITS
With easy-to-follow instructions
64K FOR E BOARD
64K FOR F BOARD
64K FOR COC02*
'All Korean models require one solder joint.
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NOTE: Alt fCs used in our kits are first quality 1 50 NS
prime chips and carry one full year warranty
ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE
COLOR BASIC UNRAVELLED
EXTENOED BASIC UNRAVELLED
DISK BASIC UNRAVELLED
ALL 3 BOOKS
THE FACTS (BOOK)
ULTRA 80C DISK EDITOR • ASSEMBLER
BUG OUT & THE ORACLE
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$1435
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MURA MINI MODEM*
& AUTOTERM**
$54.95 (disk add $5.00) or $29.95 each
CoCo Cable $9.95
"Direct connect 300 Baud manual answer/
originate with power supply & phone cable.
"Newest version
COCO MAX I tape only $64.95
COCO MAX II disk only $74.95
BRANCHING CABLE $27.95
DS-69 DIGISECTOH with tape or dltk . $139.95
HJL-57 KEYBOARD $69.95
PBJWOHKPAKII $125.00
THE INTRONICS EPROM Programmer
Program Up to 64K Eprom $139.95
DATARASE (Eprom Eraser) $39.95
2764 HIGH SPEED COMPATIBLE . .$5.95
27126 HIGH SPEED COMPATIBLE $7.95
ROM PACK P.C. BOARD
with case for 27xx .......... ••• $9.95
TEAC 558 DS/DD Hall Height Driv . . . $109.95
CASE AND POWER SUPPLY $49.00
NEW J & M DISK CONTROLLER
with J Dos 1.2 $129.00
DISKETTE CAROUSEL $24.95
ZENITH ZVM-123 GREEN $99.00
ZENITH ZVM-122 AMBER $109.00
VIDEO PLUS $24.95
VIDEO PLUS IIC . $34.95
VIDEO PLUS IIU $34.95
REAL TALKER I
With 3 talking games $49.95
REAL TALKER II
With 3 talking games $54.95
CRAFT JOYSTICK $24.95
Pen Pal
The New 64K disk
integrated software package
$59.95
Take a closer look. .
ntroductory Offers
Number Jack
The HJL
Numeric Key Pad
$79.95
TAPE
DISK
DYNACALC
$74.95
SAILOR MAN (84K)
$23.95
$27.95
PROCOLOR FILE 20
$49.95
WORLDS OF FLIGHT
$23.95
$26.35
MASTER DESIGN
$29.95
DRAGON SLAYER
$23.95
TELEWRITER 64
$39.95
$47.95
DRACONIAN
$22.95
$24.95
SUPER SCREEN MACHINE
$35.95
$38.95
SR-71
$23.15
$24.75
RAINBOW SCREEN MACHINE
$23.95
$26.95
BUZZARD BAIT
$22.35
$18.95
PEN PAL
$64.95
GALAGON
$16.95
$18.95
AUTOTERM
$31.95
$39.95
LUNAR ROVER PATROL
$16.95
$18.95
ADOS
$27.95
MS GOBBLER
$16.95
$18.95
SUPER BACKUP UTILITY
$44.95
LANCER
$16.95
$18.95
THE PEEPER WITH SOURCE
$24.95
$26.95
CUBIX
$16.95
$18.95
GRAPHICOM
$17.95
FROGGIE
$16.95
$18.95
32K GAMES
SPACE PAC
$21.95
$21.95
EDUCATIONAL PAC
$19.95
$19.95
PS1 MUSTANG
$23.95
$27.95
GHOST GOBBLER ROM PACK <16K)
$19.95
Optional Cable
$9.95
TREASURY PAC
$29.95
$29.95
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198 THE RAINBOW March 1986
Software ReviewlSS^^^^SSSSZS^I^fZs
Good for Beginners, Don Pan
is a Moderately Paced Game
Don Pan is the latest addition to the list of ROM Pak
games for the Color Computer from Tandy. It's a gentle,
moderately paced joystick game, just right for small
children.
The game opens showing a girl holding a balloon.
Magically, the balloon turns into a puffer fish and you play
with the puffer fish for the rest of the game. I'm no expert
in marine biology, but it seems these puffer fish need to
replenish their supply of air regularly, or else they die. Your
job is to capture enough balloons to keep your fish supplied
with air, all the while avoiding the dangers that can puncture
the fish.
The fish bounces up and down through the air, under
control of your joystick. Balloons and birds float by: The
balloons give you air and the birds puncture you. You can
escape the birds by maneuvering around them or by blowing
a puff of air, which makes them disappear. Points are scored
by capturing the balloons and by blowing away the birds.
There are three screens. On the first screen, you're floating
over an attractively drawn city scene. After scoring around
2,500 points, you go to a second screen where you fly above
an ocean. Sharks occasionally jump out of the water and
try to puncture you. On the third screen, where you go when
you've scored about 7,000 points, you're over a seashore
where you must avoid the crabs.
All through the game, you have to keep track of your air
supply with the help of a gauge at the bottom of the screen.
The air supply goes down as you fly around and whenever
you "puff" at a bird. If the air supply gets too low, you can't
puff at the birds until you've captured a few balloons to
build up the air supply again. If you run out of air
completely, you lose one of your three lives. You also lose
a life if you're punctured.
Overall, the game is carefully programmed with attention
to detail. Color and sound are used well throughout. One
touch I like: When you're puffing at a bird, you don't have
to be exactly lined up with the target — a near miss will
do. This feature makes the game more attractive to younger
players.
The game requires 16K and a joystick, and the instruction
manual recommends a color TV — it really isn't enjoyable
with a black-and-white set. For example, it's very difficult
to see the sharks on Screen 2 on a black-and-white TV.
My children, ages 6 and 9, find many arcade games just
too hard for them, requiring more speed and coordination
than they can manage, but they found Don Pan a lot of
fun and a challange they could meet. If you're looking for
a beginning level joystick game, one that even young
children can enjoy, try out Don Pan at your local Radio
Shack store.
(Tandy Corp., available in Radio Shack stores nationwide,
$19.95)
— David Finkel
Two-Liner Contest Winner . . .
This two-liner is a simple subtraction flashcard
program.
The listing:
100 R—0 : CLS : PRINT@234 , "SUBTRACT"
:PRINT@297 / "FLASH CARDS" :EXEC4 45
39 : FORQ=1TO10 : CLS : A=RND (20 ) : B=RN
D(20) :IF A>B THENPRINT@24j3 , USING
" # # " ; A : PRINT@2 7 1 , " -" ; : PRINTUSING
■" # # " ; B : C=A-B: ELSEPRINT@2 40 , USING
" # # " ; B : PRINT §271,"-";: PRINTUS ING
"##";A:C=B-A
101 PRINT@303, "====" :PRINT@3 34, ""
;: INPUT D:IFD=C THENPRINT@448, "c
orrect" : SOUND2^ , 1 : R=R+1 : EXEC445
39:NEXT:PRINT@456,R:EXEC44539:GO
TO100: ELSEPRINT@4 48 , "wrong" : SOUN
D10 , 4 : EXEC4 4539: NEXT : PRINT@ 4 4 8 , "
correct " ;R: EXEC44539 : GOTO100
Richard A- Sherman
Deposit, NY
(For this winning two-liner contest entry, the author has been sent copies
of both The Rainbow Book Of Simulations and its companion The Rainbow
Simulations Tape.)
March 1986 THE RAINBOW 199
Submitting Material
To Rainbow
Contributions to THE RAINBOW are welcome from every-
one. We like to run a variety of programs which will be
useful/ helpful/fun for other CoCo owners.
Program submissions must be on tape or disk and it is
best to make several saves, at least one of them in ASCII
format. We're sorry, but we do not have time to key in
programs. All programs should be supported by some edi-
torial commentary explaining how the program works.
Generally, we're much more interested in how your sub-
mission works and runs than how you developed it. Pro-
grams should be learning experiences.
We do pay for submissions, based on a number of criteria.
Those wishing remuneration should so state when making
submissions.
For the benefit of those who wish more detailed infor-
mation on making submissions, please send an SASE to:
Submissions Editor, THE RAINBOW, The Falsoft Building,
Prospect, KY 40059. We will send you some more compre-
hensive guidelines.
Please do not submit programs or articles currently sub-
mitted to another publication.
/
/
6
8
0
0
0
TO
UNI
6
8
0
9
UAD
Software Review,
IF YOU HAVE ...
• a terminal (or terminal program)
• one or more disk drives (40 track or larger)
IF YOU CAN ...
• make or acquire cables
• make or acquire a power supply
• connect cables for terminal, drives, and
power supply
THEN YOU CAN ...
• Step up to a 68000 UniQuad System
for only $995
UniQuad 1 $995
68008 processor running at 8 Mhz
4 serial ports
2 parallel ports
supports 2 floppy disk drives
SASI bus for connection to hard disk drives
128K bytes of RAM (expandable to 51 2K bytes)
up to 32K bytes of ROM
UniQuad 2 $1495
68000 processor running at 10 Mhz
4 serial ports
2 parallel ports
supports 4 floppy disk drives
SASI bus for connection to hard disk drives
I/O expansion bus
51 2K bytes of RAM (expandable to 1 Megabyte)
up to 128K bytes of ROM
Both UniQuads come complete with:
OS-9/68000, BASIC09, STYLOGRAPH, and DYNACALC
HAZELWOOD COMPUTER SYSTEMS
907 E. Terra, O'Fallon, MO 63366 314-281-1055
MasterCard and VISA accepted
SDOS: a Powerful, Low-Priced
Package Perfect for the Hacker
By Tom Carl
I had looked forward to an evening of computer hacking
with SDOS, a new software package from Software
Dynamics, distributed by Computer Systems Distributors.
Reading the manual makes it clear that SDOS, at least in
concept and original form, was born on minicomputers
and/ or mainframes. Thus SDOS brings some very sophis-
ticated techniques to the CoCo. It is definitely not for the
beginner.
When I opened my reviewer's package from RAINBOW,
out tumbled four diskettes, several pages of product
promotion and seven manuals. It looked like I would have
a hard time complaining about lack of documentation. I
highly recommend that you start by reading the small
manual, labeled "CoCo SDOS," cover to cover. It has a
complete description of the keyboard modifications, which
are actually very simple. The 4 @' key is used for erase (or
rub out character), so the arrow keys can be reserved for
full screen editing. The BREAK key is "escape" and the
CLEAR key is "control." You also get auto-repeat on all keys
and type-ahead (buffered input), with SHIFT/ CLEAR being
the upper-/ lowercase toggle and SHIFT/ @ being the '@' key.
Therefore, you can get the full 96 ASCII codes and some
other powerful keyboard features lacking in Disk BASIC.
This little manual also tells you to start with RUN "SDOS"
and warns of a 30-minute delay if you don't have your
required registration number, which can be obtained by
phone or mail from Computer Systems Distributors.
The SDOS formatter is run from a Command File. There
is a command line interpreter (CLI) that has a vocabulary
of some 35 words (such as files, list, time, do, dismount,
etc.), and any word not in its vocabulary is assumed to be
the name of a program you want the system to load from
the disk and run. For example, if you type in FRED, the
system will find a program called FRED and run it, or
announce "no such program." As an alternative to typing
in commands to the CLI, you can set up a Command File
and put that Command File in charge of the computer by
typing DO XXXX.DO, where XXXX is a filename. For those
familiar with Data General Mini or IBM microcomputers,
even the nomenclature of this feature will ring bells. SDOS
also has a related feature similar to IBM's AUTOEXEC-
.BAT, which uses INITIALIZE.DO as a Command File
that the Boot program automatically puts in charge of the
computer at start-up time. The SDOS command to create
a Command File is LIST CONSOLE: TO INITIA-
LIZE. DO. You may also note that naming, initiating and
releasing devices, such as LPT: DO: CONSOLE: Dl:, are
similar to larger computer systems.
I took the Utility disk and typed in DISMOUNT D0: so I
could remove the System disk. The screen reported the
number of 1/ O uses, and I was shocked to see that over 10
percent of all the reads had produced read errors, but, I had
seen no apparent operational problems. I typed FILES Dl:
to look at the disk I had created, and it appeared to be OK,
so I proceeded with the formatter Command File. It did its
job just fine to the point of asking me, "Format another
disk? Y/N." When I answered 4 N\ I got an Error 1045 (disk
200
THE RAINBOW
March 1986
read error), then a steady stream of Error 1018s (system
ncompatible), and neither control/ C nor escape could
recover the system. I was ready to cry, for this meant waiting
mother 30 minutes for SDOS to come up again.
At least I had time for a cup of tea and some research
nto my disk read errors. I was using a 64K CoCo (required),
i Radio Shack controller and two TEAC drives (a single
irive will work but is strongly not recommended). The read
errors and the slowness of the system suggested some type
;>f disk speed problem, and my review showed that both
SDOSDISKINIT and SDOSDISKBACKUP had the
ability to manipulate MAPALGORITHM, which deter-
mines how files are laid out on the disk efficiently to account
for rotational speed, seek time and transfer rates. When the
jystem was ready to use again, I ran SDOSDISKINIT and
found the best MAP parameter (the program can be told
:o try all 30 possibilities and let you know the best one).
[ was then able to build a system disk that ran without read
errors, and the system was noticeably faster. The drive
motors still are a lot slower turning off after use than with
Disk BASIC.
If all of this sounds pretty technical, remember that this
system is not for beginners. The manuals are well-written
and you can learn from them, but they are not tutorials.
'SDOS for the 6800/6809" is designed for use on several
iifferent computers, so the main manuals are written in
generalized form. The CoCo SDOS manual was issued in
1984 and contains just those elements of SDOS unique to
:he CoCo; it refers you to other manuals for all other
.nformation.
This type of organization has its pros and cons. The
system developer can afford to invest more time and money
in a system with broader use, which means more quality and
breadth of features. On the other hand, more compromises
may be necessary to fit an operating system to several
computers, plus the user is forced to juggle manual
information that isn't always in ideal order for his computer
and is also more likely to contain conflicting information.
[ ran into some conflicts of this type with SDOS, but the
power of the system greatly outweighed these minor
problems.
The DISMOUNT command, which is required before
removing a diskette, is somewhat of a nuisance, but it buys
yon some very nice features. First of all, you get 1/ O Error
reports that indicate, before your disk drive and diskettes
are in big trouble, that problems are building. Even Disk
BASIC probably tries to reread a record up to 10 times before
reporting an error (this is standard on bigger computers),
but you never know how desperately your computer is
struggling to get a record written or read. The SDOS record
keeping of these so-called "soft read" errors leaves no doubt
in your mind about the status of your drives and diskettes.
SDOS keeps in memory the last "files" data so it can
update directory and disk maps without disk accesses. For
application programs, it dynamically buffers good size
chunks of files, so disk accesses are cut down. This is all
very important to the speed of system operation. There is
also a "Keyed File Package" for those wishing to do data
management, and the system keeps track of all file space
so records can overlap sector boundaries. This record
management is completely transparent to the user at both
design and operation time.
There is a LOG feature that permits automatic capture
of the keyboard dialog, which is beautiful for debugging and
transaction recording. There is a built-in debugger that is
activated at any time with control/ D. The SDOS system
comes with an assembler, text editor and debugger, all at
one low price. SDOS does not read Disk BASIC disks
directly, but there is a utility program that can bring data
from Disk BASIC disks to SDOS disks. SDOS can handle
up to 128K, and Computer System Distributors promises
a version able to handle hard disks soon.
SEDIT and TYPE together make up the SDOS word
processing package. They are issued as two programs
because each can stand alone, the TYPE being able to
message and print data from many sources other than
SEDIT, and SEDIT being able to do more than just word
processing. They also require the SDOS operating system.
I have used three major word processing systems written
for the CoCo and the SDOS very much resembles one of
these systems. I disagree with CSD that SEDIT is easier to
use than most word processors: Margin handling is
confusing. A short tutorial covering the most common tasks
would greatly improve the documentation. The fact that
you must use reverse video for lowercase letters and having
only a 32-character screen mode are major drawbacks in
my estimation.. Of course, you do get increased speed in
many of the more complex operations this way. SDOS can
handle modem cards and an external CRT, so you can get
80-column operation this way.
TYPE can print data in variable widths and do so with
automatic justification. It uses embedded commands of a
wide variety. I found these functions work well and, for the
most part, are easy to invoke. TYPE also has merge
capability. The TYPE manual has over 50 pages, including
the addendum, and there's no way can I do justice to this
program with the little use I was able to give it. Suffice to
say, TYPE is a very thorough piece of software. You can
learn the basic steps quite quickly and easily, and when you
need to do something sophisticated, chances are good that
TYPE can do the job.
To sum up, I think the SDOS system and its family of
programs are generally well-documented, well worth the
money, well-designed and as stable a group of programs as
you are likely to find. In spite of this, I think there are many
people who will not find SDOS their cup of tea, but for
the CoCo computer hacker, SDOS is a powerful and cheap
paradise.
(Software Dynamics, distributed by Computer Systems
Distributors, P.O. Box 9769, Anaheim, CA 92802, SDOS,
editor, debugger and assembler $49.95, SEDIT and TYPE
$49.95)
See You at
RAIN BO Wfest-Chicago
May 23-25
March 1986 THE RAINBOW 201
Software Reviewi
House Doc — an Electronic
Doctor Who's Always on Call
"Take two aspirin and call me in the morning" is the
typical response when asking an off-duty physician about
a medically related problem. To alleviate this dilemma, we
now have House Doc, an electronic doctor who is always
on call.
House Doc owes its creation to Darrell Wells, M.D.,
Ph.D. Hardware requirements are a CoCo 2 with Extended
BASIC and a disk drive. The copy-protected program is very
easy to understand and operates extremely well. The
attractive 16-page manual contains a medical glossary,
descriptions of tests and procedures, and prescription
information. The manual also states a precaution that
"House Doc is designed to help you with your medical
conditions" and is not meant to replace your family
physician.
Upon executing House Doc, several introductory screens
are displayed. Two of them ask the patient's name and sex.
The former aids the doctor's bedside manner whereas the
latter assists in narrowing the symptoms/ diseases applica-
ble to that gender. From here the patient chooses from a
list of 18 symptoms for further analysis, or to a specific
disease, of which 35 are listed.
If the symptom option is chosen, the doctor queries the
patient on various aspects of the problem. After the
questioning is completed, Dr. CoCo consults his "in-house
% CoCo GARDNER
Order soon for your spring garden! Superlative garden planning aid. A
wealth of background information (which is provided) is used to decide
what will fit into your garden and how much to plant in each row. A chart
is developed to show a reasonable sequence in which to plant your
garden. Print out vegetable data sheets and shopping list to supply your
garden with necessary plants and seeds.
$19.95
JNJJT^GUIDE
Analyze your eating habits in terms of thirteen nutrients. Keep regular
weight charts. Recommends calorie intake, compares eating style with
recommended calorie, protein, fat and carbohydrate intake. Over 650
foods on file. Make your recipes from combinations of foods on filel 64K
DISK REQUIRED.
$25.00
Medical advisor offering suggestion for medical problem areas. Select
the area to study, then look at details for that area. You are asked
questions about possible medical symptoms. Using this information
MEDIC provides guidance for home treatment products to use,
background information or varying levels of urgency to see a doctor.
Other programs cost 3 TIMES as much, but do not do three times as much.
$20.00
mECHflFlkC
Be sure you are not caught with a flat spare tire or a dry battery againl Use
this program once a month. Input date and odometer reading, get a
maintenance due list based on time since last maintenance and miles
driven. These records will help your car maintain its valuel
$15.00
3 DISKS 97<P
SS/DD for your CoCo. Fully warranted. Minimum order 10. While supply
lastsl < ea.970
VISA
MASTERCARD
Homesoft Company
P.O. Box 8
Supply, NC 28462
(919) 842-4436 (7 days, 24
lours)
Add $2.00 ship-
ping and handling
NC residents add
4% sales tax.
library" (66 granules are used on the disk) and relies on hi!
extensive experience to list, in order of probability, ttu
diseases that may be causing the symptoms. Once th<
patient agrees to one of the diagnoses, the doctor gives hi*
prescription for healing. These range from taking vitamin!
to changing eating habits, among others. If the medica
problem appears to be serious, House Doc issues a louc
warning notifying the patient to consult a physiciar.
immediately. If the disease option is chosen, the patient car
learn about the disease, its causes, consequences and cure.
In testing the diagnosis function, my wife and I entered
the symptoms from medical problems we had experienced
in prior years. House Doc accurately diagnosed each
ailment we had experienced! We both found House Doc
interesting, informative and fun to use. With the high cost
of medical care, the program can save trips to the local
doctor by successfully diagnosing medical problems that
can be remedied at home. Furthermore, when a medical visit
is required, one can talk more intelligently about the
problem to the doctor by first consulting House Doc.
My only reservation with the program is the disk
protection routine. The manual states that if a disk crashes,
the user must resort to a disk repair utility. I would prefer
a protection method similar to the one used by DynaCalc,
where the master disk makes runnable programs that
cannot be copied. At the very least, the author could have
provided two disks.
Regardless of this, House Doc is an excellent program
and would be welcomed in any household; just think, when
someone asks if there is a doctor in the house, you can pull
out your floppy disk and say, "Yes!"
(For Your Health Software, 58-A Star Rt., Coalmont, TN
37313, disk $59.95)
— Dan Smith
Hint . . .
Get the Sound Out
You can send sound from your 80G to any amplifier
simply by soldering a couple of connections from the
RF modulator.
Pin 3 from the RF modulator and any PC Board
ground will give you audio output that you can send
to any outside amplifier.
Incidentally, Pin 3 is the third pin back from the
rear of the 80C on the RF modulator.
You should remember that opening the computer
case will void yoittvjvarranty.
i'Vt-.jHY'i*;".*'- 1 ■Vs*
202
THE RAINBOW March 1986
*
Software Review ^SSS^^^^^SS^SST/7?\
Create Dazzling Graphics
with Micro Illustrator
Micro Illustrator is a graphics creation program that is
an adaptation of the MS-DOS program by the same name.
It requires a 64K CoCo with a disk drive. The program also
runs under OS-9, however, OS-9 is not needed to run Micro
Illustrator, If you have a CoCo with BASIC Version 1.1 or
later, all you need do is enter the DOS command to boot
the program. If not, there is a BASIC routine provided in
the manual that boots OS-9 from the Micro Illustrator disk.
Micro Illustrator uses both the keyboard and a joystick
(or mouse) for command and control of operations. While
most commands are presented on the screen in the form of
icons, they can also be executed from the keyboard by single
keystrokes. This can be very useful since the icons are
displayed on a separate screen. In fact, there are two screens
of icons. The first screen lets you select drawing mode, brush
shape and color. The second screen contains a selection of
patterns and colors.
Let's take a look at the drawing functions of Micro
Illustrator. The first function you see on the menu is DRAW.
DRAW provides the capability to do freehand drawings.
While holding down the joystick button, the cursor
produces a trail in the selected color. You are given two line
functions for drawing straight lines, LINES and LINE.
Both functions operate in similar fashion. The difference is
that LINES produces a series of connected lines, while
LINE is used to produce unconnected lines. These functions
use the rubber band method of drawing. The start of the
line is fixed when you press the joystick button the first time.
You are then free to move the end point of the line to the
desired position. The second press of the joystick button
actually draws the line.
Micro Illustrator provides a FRAME function that can
be used to draw a rectangular outline. One press of the
joystick button defines one corner of the frame. By moving
the cursor, you define the size and proportions of the frame.
The second press of the button makes the frame permanent.
The CIRCLE function operates similar to FRAME. Two
other functions similar to FRAME and CIRCLE are BOX
and DISK. BOX is used to draw a solid rectangle with the
selected color or pattern. DISK produces a solid circle.
There is also a FILL function, which allows you to fill in
any enclosed area with a selected color or pattern. Another
"painting" type function is SPRAY. This produces a spray
paint effect.
If you need to reproduce objects or areas of the screen,
OS-9 BULLETIN BOARD
PBBS 4.0 Features: 300/1200 Baud - A levels
Definable drive names - Multiple sub-boards - Chat
Operation visible on screen - EXPANDABLE!!!
Requires: OS-9 - 6asic09 - TRS-80 RS-232 pale
Multipak. or Y-cable - 3 floppy drives or Hard drive
Hayes-compatible modem.
Send check or MO S. D. Roberson
for $50,00 to: 1702 W. Mt. Veiw
(AZ res. add 6.5X) Mesa, AZ 85201
See PBBS in operation 2A hours a day: 602-899-1350
Micro Illustrator makes it easy. It gives you a COPY
function. Just outline the object, press the joystick button
and you can move the object anywhere on the screen and
make replicas of it. There is also a ZOOM function that
magnifies any portion of the screen and lets you use any
of the drawing functions to produce better details.
Micro Illustrator has two more functions that really make
it fun to use, MIRROR and RAYS. The mirror function
is the most complete of its kind. You not only get horizontal
and vertical mirrors, diagonal and radial mirrors can also
be selected; you can even select any combination or all
mirrors! Some very exotic designs can be produced with the
different combinations of mirrors.
The most unusual function is RAYS. You move the cursor
to a starting point on the screen and press the joystick
button to fix the center point. Next, move the cursor to
define the length and start of the rays. The final step is to
move the cursor while holding down the joystick button.
This produces a series of lines radiating from the center
point. The spacing of the lines depends on the speed at which
you move the joystick. Some extraordinary effects can be
produced with RAYS. Combining RAYS with MIRROR
creates dazzling artistic effects.
Micro Illustrator is not only easy to use, it is fun to use.
In fact, I should warn you that when you are using it, you
may forget about time and all the other things that need
to be done around the house!
(Tandy Corp., available in Radio Shack stores nationwide,
requires 64K, disk $29.95)
— Mike Piotrowski
COLOR BANKBOOK $19.95
BUSINESS BANKBOOK
SYSTEM ONE
FOR ONE DISK DRIUE
$49.95
SYSTEM TWO
FOR TWO DISK DRIUES
$49.95
SUPER DISK UTILITY
* 9.95
$ 9.95
WRITE FOR MORE
INFORMATION.
ALL PROGRAMS INCLUDE MANUALS ,
REQUIRE 3£K AND 1 DISK DRIVE.
ADD S2.00 SHIPPING £ HANDLING
FLORIDA RES. ADD 5X SALES TAX
SUNR'ISE
SOFjTilimRiE
RAINBOW
CERTIFICATION
SEAL
8901 NUP 26 ST DEPT R
SUNRISE, FL 33322
March 1986 THE RAINBOW 203
■
an
ftware
PreReader
32K ECB;
Joystick
Required
Tape - $19.95
Disk • $24.95
;ORREXT
*J
Level I - your child will work with col- •
ors, shapes, numbers, capital letters ,< /
and small letters J
Level II - your child will learn to asso- i, % ,r
date individual letters and consonant ..!^!.,..V
blends with the sounds they make
Songs and happy faces for each correct answer!
Helps design or evaluate:
• Land mobile radio systems
• Satellite TV
• Satellite data acquisition systems
• Aircraft radio systems
• Microwave systems
• Microvolt/DBM conversions
• Frequency/Wave length conversions ^oix C£Q
• System received signal levels e oc t
• Gain of parabolic antenna $29.95 - Tap©
• Propogation Calculations $32.95 - Disk
rental Property
Income and Expense
Management
J^T* \tl - I^ackaee
Disk - $34.95
32K Required
• Keeps track of all your rental properties
• Provides instant screen or printer summary of all
your properties
• Maintains and prints a detailed, itemized listing of
each of 28 expense categories
• Gives you a schedule of the Accelerated Cost
Recovery System depreciation allowed for each tax
year for 3, 5, 10 and 15 year property
m:a\u;imi
Graphics Editor
Graphics editor to create and modify your
own pictures
Pictures can be usd as a title screen for
a program
Create a series of pictures to make a
slide show
Both Extended and non-Extended Basic
versions on the same tape
High Resolution
Semigraphic modes
8, 1 2, and 24
(64 x 64, 64 x 96
and 64 x 128)
8 colors
Combine text
with graphics
Auto-repeat and
"magic" delete
Requires 16K
m
for the Programmer in the Family
Tape - $19.95
Disk - $24.95
/en q
AUTO DUN
AUTO RUN 64 - $24.95
AUTO RUN - $19.95
°<? O O Ta P e
Creates a ML loader which automatically starts up
your Basic or ML program
Title screen utility
Provide an audio introduction
Locates your program at the desired address
32K Disk
$99.95
PIRATECTOR ! ®
You write the Basic or ML program.
Piratector®:
• Supplies protection scheme
• Includes Semigraf graphics
editor
• Incrementing serial numbers
• Many user subroutines included
• Effective against popular piracy/
protection cracking programs
Dealer and author inquiries are al-
ways welcome. Canadian dealers
should contact Kelly Software Dis-
tributors, Ltd., P.O. Box 11932,
Edmonton, Alberta T5J-3L1, (403)
421-8003.
Disk software compatible with Radio
Shack DOS only.
SUGAR SOFTWARE
1710 N. 50th Ave.
Hollywood, Florida 33021
(305) 981-1241
A complete catalog of other sweet
Sugar Software products Is available.
Add $1.50 per program for postage and
handling. Florida residents add 5% sales tax.
COD orders are welcome. CIS orders EMAIL
to 70405, 1374. No refunds or exchanges.
f s
■
tware
Wc\t C0CO (Ealltgraplpr
See You at
Chicago RAINBOWfest
Use your CoCo, your 8-bit dot addressable graphics
printer and the CoCo Calligrapher to create beautiful
signs, invitations, flyers, greeting cards, diplomas, cer-
tificates, awards and love letters.
The original Calligrapher letters are 36 points (1/2 inch)
high and variably spaced. It includes an easy-to-use ,
menu-oriented program and these three typestyles:
Old English Cartoon
Gay Nineties
Gey Nineties
The CoCo Calligrapher requires 32K ECB.
Tape $24.95/Disk $29.95
ADDITIONAL TYPESTYLES
These tapes of additional typestyles are available for
$19.95 each. They can be easily moved to disk. The
original Calligrapher program is required.
Tape 1 - Reduced, Reversed, and Reduced-Reversed
versions
Old English
Gay Nineties
Cartoon
All typestyles on Tapes 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 include Stan-
dard (1/2 inch), Reversed, Reduced, and Reduced-
Reversed unless otherwise noted.
Tape 2: Broadway/Old Style
IBroaduay D(r|$fy|
t
Tape 3: Business/Antique
Business ^fivfitiquc
These disks of additional typestyles are
available for $49.95 each.
Disk 1 - all type styles on Tapes 1 , 2 and 3.
Disk 2 - all type styles on Tapes 4, 5 and 6.
Tape 4: Wild West/Checkers
Wild West Checker
Tape 5: Star
Hebrew
titers □1 s ?^
Victorian (Standard and Reverse only)
HfcTcrf a in
Tape 6: Block/Computer
Block
CompuTEPi
®he 0^-9 fflailtgraplfer,
$39.95
Requires OS-9 Version 01.01.00 and a dot matrix print-
er. The OS-9 Calligrapher reads a standard input text
file which contains text and formatting directives to pro-
duce standard utput for printer or disk. You can specify
which font to use; centering; left, right or full justification;
line fill; narrow mode; margin; line width; page size;
page break and indentation.
These disks of additional typestyles are available for
$49.95 each. They are not compatible with the CoCo
Calligrapher typestyles or program. OS-9 typestyle
disk must be used with the OS-9 Calligrapher.
Disk 1 - OS-9 version of all type styles on Tapes 1 , 2 and
3.
Disk 2 - OS-9 version of all type styles on Tapes 4, 5 and
6.
Dealer and author inquiries are al-
ways welcome. Canadian dealers
should contact Kelly Software Dis-
tributors, Ltd., P.O. Box 11932,
Edmonton, Alberta T5J-3L1, (403)
421-8003.
Disk software compatible with Radio
Shack DOS only.
SUGAR SOFTWARE
1710 N. 50th Ave.
Hollywood, Florida 33021
(305) 981-1241
A complete catalog of other sweet
Sugar Software products is available.
Add $1.50 per program for postage and
handling. Florida residents add 5% sales tax.
COD orders are welcome. CIS orders EMAIL
to 70405, 1374. No refunds or exchanges.
VISA
^ '
Software Review*
Geography USA is an
Excellent Learning Tool
Did you know that Concord is the capital of New
Hampshire or that Pierre is the capital of South Dakota?
How about this: Did you know the capital of New York is
not New York City but Albany? I'm sure you know the
answers to these pieces of trivia if you live in those states,
but in Utah, where I live, if it is east of the Rocky Mountains
I could not be sure if it is in the United States. If you want
to learn the states and capitals but are a little afraid because
your spelling is the pits or you can never remember what
state is next to what, this could be the program for you.
Geography USA is written for the 16K standard CoCo.
The program is in five short segments so each part can fit
into the memory of a 16K machine. You can also get the
program on disk and use it on an Extended 16K, 32K or
64K machine. The program is started by loading and
running "U5R". You have a choice of nine sections of the
United States with which you would like to work. If you
have a disk drive they may be done in any order, but with
cassette, you must do them in order or wait for the recorder
to find the next section, which can take a minute or two.
When you get to the chosen section of the country, you
can then choose if you would like to answer just the state
names, the capitals, or both, the major cities or the major
products. No matter what is chosen, you first see the states
and then the answers. When you have studied enough, press
The Coco Greeting Card Designer
The Coco Greeting Card Designer is the perfect program
for the Holiday Season! You can Create and Print custom
Greeting Cards to send to Friends and Relatives.
The Coco Greeting Card Designer can be used to design
and print custom Greeting Cards for all occasions
including: Thanksgiving, Christmas, New Years, Birth-
days, Valentine's Day, Mother's Day and others. It can
also be used to make custom Invitations, Thank-You
Cards, Get-Well Cards and Announcements.
The Coco Greeting Card Designer is easy to use and
includes a library of predrawn Hi-Res Graphic Pictures!
You can write custom messages on the cover and inside
your cards in a selection of character fonts and sizes. An
easy to use screen editor allows you to pick your type
style, font size and more. Two fonts are included, and the
easy to use editors allow you to create many more! Also
included is a selection of border patterns.
The Coco Greeting Card Designer requires & Coco or
Coco II with a minimum of 32K, One Disk Drive (Com-
patible with: Disk BASIC 1.0 & 1.1 and JDOS.), and one
of the following printers: EPSON RX/FX, GEMINI 10X or
SG-10, C-ITOH 8510, RS DMP Series, GP-250 and
GORILLA BANANA.
Only: $24.95
plus $3.00 Shipping & Handling
NY Residents add sales tax
UPS. COD ADD $3.00
VISA/MC Accepted
ZEBRA SYSTEMS,
INC.
78-06 Jamaica Avenue
Woodhaven, New York 11421
(718) 296-2385
Dealer Inquiries Invited
•lit*
any key and the computer tests your memory. If something
is spelled wrong you still get credit for it, but it is noted
that it was spelled wrong.
Considering the limitations of a standard BASIC computer
versus the Extended BASIC computer, the program is pretty
good. The scope and sequence of the material covered is
done in small enough steps that concepts can be easily
learned. It is also forgiving to the person who can remember
the states but doesn't know how to spell them. It gives credit
for knowing a state, but gives more credit if you spell it
correctly. I think that is a strong point for this program.
You can learn the states without being frustrated because
of spelling.
I think this program would be better if there were a
version made for the 32K or 64K machine and put on disk
or tape as one progam, not five. Having the program written
in standard BASIC is not a major detraction from its
appearance or usefulness; as a matter of fact, having eight
colors to work with is nice when working with maps, but
it is somewhat of an inconvenience to own a disk drive and
64K machine and have a program that does not utilize all
of the machine or is always going to the disk and repeating
some of the steps in each section of the program.
Now, would I buy the program myself? If all I had was
a 16K standard BASIC CoCo, I think it is a good program
to have. It is written in a professional manner and has a
sound sequence in its curriculum for teaching and testing
the states. I don't think that using just standard BASIC is
a major hinderance, but it would be nice if there was a
version for owners of larger CoCos.
(Viking Inc., 910 Soo Blvd., Rice Lake, WI 54868, cassette
or disk $19.95)
— Thomas E. Nedreberg
When you save programs, CoCo can perform this
function in two ways: by using binary codes or actual
letters and numbers (called ASCII and pronounced
"as-key").
Although it takes longer, ASCII is sometimes a
more accurate way to save a program, especially when
you may be transferring programs between systems —
say from a disk-based to a cassette-based system.
To save in ASCII, simply add a comma and an l A'
to the end of your 5RVE instruction, like this;
C5RVE "PROGRRfl" , R and the ASCII save is done by
206 THE RAINBOW March 1986
Accessory Review,
The BMC Monitor Stand Makes
CoCoing More Comfortable
Are you leaning left and right in your chair to see what
your monitor is saying? Have you tried your hand at
inventing devices to block the glare that plagues every
computer user?
If you answered yes to either of these questions, the BMC
Pan-tilt Model PA-900 monitor stand from Spectrum
Projects can help you make your time at the computer more
comfortable.
This stand, designed for 12-inch monitors, not only
revolves a full 360 degrees, it also Jilts up or down 12.5
degrees, To give you some idea of what a 12.5 degree tilt
means, let it suffice to say it can accommodate anyone from
a 3 foot tall child to a 7 foot tall giant.
Viewing is easier and computing more comfortable with
an accessory such as this. Glare is no longer a problem
because the monitor stand lets you rotate your monitor to
avoid eye-level light sources, as well as tilt it to avoid the
glare of ceiling lights. At the center of the stand platform
is a butterfly nut which can be tightened to avoid accidental
tilting. It is necessary, however, to remove your TV or
monitor from the stand to adjust the nut.
Surely, youVe experienced the need for more than one
person to see the monitor at the same time. I've welcomed
friends to my home to play with my computer and have
noticed that they end up with either a crick in their neck
or sore feet from standing behind me. With the BMC
monitor stand all I did was push in the right direction and
the monitor was swiveled to a position which was comfor-
table for my friends, and they left me and my CoCo in the
same state of health they were in when they came over.
The BMC Pan-tilt instructions come on a single sheet
which describes the angles of revolution and tilt, as well as
how to adjust the stand and how to place the monitor for
best results. The instructions are written in both Japanese
and an amusingly stilted English. Example: "When putting
CRT monitor on pan-tilt, put CRT monitor so as not to
give shock to pan-tilt." In other words, don't set your
monitor down so hard you break the plastic stand. Actually,
the stand appears quite sturdy and well-made. The last of
the five easy instructions, each illustrated, tells you not to
place the monitor so far forward on the stand that it tips
over into the floor; that's good advice, too.
The stand comes assembled and ready to go right out of
the box, complete with non-skid padding to keep your
monitor safe. It is cream colored, which blends well with
most any equipment or furniture you may have.
I think the BMC monitor stand is a good addition to
anyone's computer equipment collection. The easy adjust-
ment, safe placement of your monitor and comfort afforded
are worth the cost of the stand.
(Spectrum Projects, Inc., P.O. Box 21272, 93-15 86th Drive,
Woodhaven, NY 11421, $24.95 plus $3 S/H)
— Jim Sewell
Back copies of many issues of the
rainbow are still available.
All back issues sell for the single issue
cover price. In addition, there is a $3.50
charge for the first issue, plus 50 cents
for each additional issue for postage and
handling if sent by United Parcel Service.
There is a $5 charge for the first issue,
plus a $1 charge for each additional issue
on orders sent by U.S. Mail. UPS will not
deliver to a post office box or to another
country.
Issues July 1981 through June 1982
are available on white paper in a reprint
form. All others are in regular magazine
form. VISA, MasterCard and American
Express accepted. Kentucky residents
please add 5 percent state sales tax. In
order to hold down costs, we do not bill
and no C.O.D. orders are accepted.
Due to heavy demand, we suggest you
order the back issues you want now while
supplies last.
To order, just fill out the form on the
next page and mail it with your payment
to: ^MMI^^
THE RAINBOW «RSM
The Falsoft Buildingl^^^m
P.O. Box 385 ^HP
Prospect, KY 40059
March 1986 THE RAINBOW 207
BACK ISSUE ORDER FORM
(See overleaf for instructions.)
(Payment must accompany back issue orders. We do not
bill.)
□ Please send me the following back issues:
VOLUME 1
MONTH
NO.
YEAR
PRICE
1
JULY '81
PREMIER ISSUE
$2.00
□
2
AUG. '81
$2.00
□
3
SEPT. '81
EDUCATION
$2,00
□
4
OCT. '81
PRINTER
$2.00
□
5
NOV! '81
$2.00
□
6
DEC. '81
HOLIDAY
$2.00
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JAN. '82
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8
FEB. *82
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MAR. '82
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•
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SIMULATIONS
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□
11
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ANNIVERSARY
VOLUME 3
$2.95
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1
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GAMES
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3
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DATA COMM.
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RAINBOW INDEX A complete index to our first three years, July 1981
through June 1984, is printed in its entirety in our July 1984 issue.
Separately bound copies are also available. $2.50 □
Note: Our Fourth Year Index, including an index to all editions of
RAINBOW ON TAPE, is included in the July 1985 issue.
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Book R e vie iv^ZZZ^_^^» ^
CoCo Incognito is Packed
with Useful Information
If you are a loyal subscriber to RAINBOW, you have
probably seen many PDKEs and PEEKs that allow you and
your CoCo to do some amazing things. However, how many
times have you wanted a particular PEEK or POKE, but could
not remember where you had seen it? Unless you keep a
very good record of all those hints that RAINBOW and its
subscribers have given throughout the years, you will not
know where to look for all these little goodies. Besides the
hints, there are other schemes that allow the CoCo to do
all kinds of things.
You are probably saying at this point, "Where can I get
all this wonderful information?" Enter RC Creations. RC
Creations has released CoCo Incognito, This booklet
contains 25 pages of information with approximately 10
PEEKs, 60 POKEs, 20 EXECs, 25 BASIC subroutines, 10
machine language subroutines and 45 game hints and tips.
This is RC Creations' second booklet of hints and tips; their
first was System Secrets, reviewed in the September 1984
RAINBOW.
As with their previous booklet, the information contained
in CoCo Incognito has probably been listed somewhere
before. While I had seen some of the information before,
many items were new to me, and even the items I had seen
before, I would not have known where to look for them
when I needed them. It is really nice to have all this
information at your fingertips, all in one place.
CoCo Incognito could possibly have come up with a
product that has something for everyone. If you play games,
you will be interested in the schemes to increase the number
of tokens or the speed of certain games. Other game options
are also included. On a more serious note, there are
modifications to BASIC and Extended BASIC commands and
key words. Also included are tips to work with text and
graphics for the text screen and for using Hi-Res graphics.
You must realize that some of this information is for
advanced programmers, i.e., you have to know how to use
the information. However, you do not have to be an expert
to find this booklet useful. Novice programmers will find
much of it helpful, and as the information is used, it should
even improve their knowledge of the CoCo.
If you are either a serious programmer or someone who
just likes to play with the CoCo, there is plenty of
information packed in these 25 pages. At $7.95, it makes
an excellent reference source for your CoCo bookshelf.
(RC Creations, 17251 Palatine N., Seattle, WA 98133, $7.95
plus $1.50 S/H)
— Dale Shell
208 THE RAINBOW March 1986
Software Review*
/^n\ Software Review*
CoCo Calendar Can Help You
Get Organized
The CoCo Calendar from Spectrum Projects is what
those who want daily reminders need. The CoCo Calendar
can't make dates for you, but it certainly will help you keep
them. When the program is run, the user is asked for the
current date. After that, any memos for that day are
displayed. After reading the memos the user hits the space
bar and a Hi-Res calendar is displayed.
The calendar is well designed and attractively displayed.
If there is a memo for a particular day in the month
displayed, the user sees a small black box underneath that
day. At the bottom of the calendar is a help section which
reminds the user of the available options. These options
consist of changing the target date, entering the memos
necessary to keep track of appointments, schedules,
birthdays, etc., deleting a memo, reading a memo, returning
to BASIC, or using a screen dump the user provides to dump
the Hi-Res calendar.
The change target date is provided to allow access to
information at a date different than that entered at the
beginning of the program. The enter, delete, read and return
to BASIC are all self-explanatory and need no further
elaboration.
The print option is provided so one can use any of many
screen dump programs to print the Hi- Res calendar. Notice,
the CoCo Calendar has no dump program incorporated
into itself.
There is another print feature available while reading a
memo. After the memo for the chosen day is read, the
program asks if it is to be printed. Answering yes will give
a text printout of the memo date, followed by the memo
itself.
The instructions that come with the CoCo Calendar are
sufficient and inlcude explanations of each feature, as well
as ways to save the Hi-Res screen to disk and to keep more
than one memo per day. This documentation is thorough,
but concise, which is welcome in any utility
Memos entered are stored into a data file on the working
disk and are separated by year. That is to say, all memos
for 1985 will be stored into a file called "1985 /DAT." This
allows hundreds of memos to be entered for each year and
easy manipulation of entire years. By this means one can
store each year in an archive or delete it entirely when
finished with it.
Overall, I think the CoCo Calendar is a useful program
for those of us who either need daily reminders or wish to
be more organized without spending countless hours getting
that way.
(Spectrum Projects, Inc., P.O. Box 21272, 93-15 86th Drive,
Woodhaven, NY 11421, 32K/64K disk $24.95 plus $3 S/H)
— Jim Sewell
TX is a Modest Word Processor
Written in BASIC
TX is a modest word processing program written in
BASIC. It supports a maximum buffer capacity of one page:
66 lines of 80 characters. The default is all uppercase. It is
possible to get upper- and lowercase by SHIFT locking,
SHIFT 0. The default then becomes lowercase, with, the
characters appearing on the screen in reverse color.
Uppercase may be had by the use of the SHIFT key, as usual.
The screen display is Lo-Res CoCo standard, 32 by 15.
retreats this as a window over the page/buffer, so as one
begins text entry the cursor moves in the normal manner,
left to right. Once the point is reached where the windowed
area corresponds to the right segment of the page, the cursor
appears to stand still and the text moves leftward as entered
— in other words, the "page" moves under the "window."
TX loads (and by the way, because there is a PCLERR 1,
you may have to enter RUN twice) to a main menu, offering
disk I/O, print (buffer or marked block therefrom), buffer
clear ("cancel"), disk directory and text entry (a screen
editor with word wrap) as options. CLEAR acts as a "control"
key, bringing up the main menu; or with shift, a means
of moving to the alternate mode from which insertions may
be made; a block, line or column of characters may be
marked off and manipulated (including calculation of such
numerical values as are in the marked-off block); and single
characters may be repeated: across a line, down a column
or (for whatever reason one might want to do so) along a
diagonal. The documentation, while by no means elegant
or ample, is sufficient to get TX up and running.
As mentioned, TX is written in BASIC. Therefore, even
with the high-speed poke its function is very slow, even at
a hunt-and-peck typing rate. Anything over about two
characters a second results in lags and letters being left out;
you are slowed up further by having to constantly backtrack
and make corrections. The limitation in buffer capacity and
print format need no further comment.
Comparisons are awkward and inappropriate in a review.
Nevertheless, it is only fair to ask the question: Is TX, for
all its limitations, a good buy at its modest price, which is
25 percent or less than that of the "heavies" among CoCo
word processors? Candidly, I think not. There is at least one
word processor in the approximate price range of TX
offering the speed and accuracy of machine code, a buffer
of disk size or, in the case of tape, over 50K, and a variety
of print format options. Although I have have not had
occasion to use that particular program in my own writing
for some time now, I fired it up to draft this review, as a
sort of "control" alongside TX. My advice? Even at its price,
even for short items and even (or maybe especially) for a
youngster or adult taking his or her first steps in using a
word processor, TX is simply too limited and slow to be
considered a serious option.
(Kolesar B/S, 7 Ladd Rd., Westfield, PA 16950, disk $12.95
plus $2 S/H)
— John Ogasapian
March 1986 THE RAINBOW 209
DELPHI BUREAU
Here by Popular Demand:
New Delphi Enhancements
Happy Ides of March! I hope the
command card printed in last
month's issue has given you a
better understanding of Delphi. We here
at THE RAINBOW will continue to bring
you the best information we can. I have
several important items to pass along in
this month's "Delphi Bureau."
The substantial increase in DA-
TAPAC rates have the most import,
especially to our Canadian friends.
Following is the official explanation
given to THE RAINBOW of the reasons
for the increase in rates.
"DATAPAC is a packet-switched
network, which has had somewhat of
a monopoly in Canada for some
time. Its rate schedule is complex in
that it charges by kilocharacters of
data transferred. There is apparently
some sort of arrangement with
RAINBOW technical assistant and CoCo
SIGop John Curl is also a military
policeman in the Army National Guard.
He has had his Color Computer since
1982. He and his wife, Becky, live in
Louisville, Kentucky.
Tymnet and Uninet, whereby the two
U.S. carriers bill Delphi for the
DATAPAC usage connected through
their respective network.
"Delphi's analysis of the situation
in November revealed that when they
computed the kilocharacter charges
billed to them for access from Can-
ada, the charges averaged around
$12/hr. just for the Canadian por-
tion. Delphi decided then to raise the
surcharge (which is currently $3/ nr.)
to $12/ hr. in order to more accu-
rately reflect their cost of allowing
access from DATAPAC through
Tymnet and Uninet. The price list
was updated in the "Using Delphi"
section (available from the MAIN>
menu prompt) at that time. Delphi
apologizes for not posting a general
announcement at the same time.
"There are now, and will in the
future, be other alternatives for
accessing Delphi from Canada:
"1) Tymnet has a node in Toronto
and will be adding the other major
cities early in the year. Uninet also
plans to add Canadian nodes to its
network. The rates will only be
slightly higher than U.S. rates.
"2) There is some sort of promo-
By John R. Curl
Rainbow's CoCo SIGop
tion going on by Bell Canada, called
INET2000, whereby subscribers to
INET can "gateway" into Delphi (via
DATAPAC) for a flat rate — around
the clock — of $16/hr.
"3) Access through DATAPAC
directly to Delphi will be $18/hr. in
the evenings and weekends, and $28/
hr. during the business day. Delphi
says these rates are lower than Com-
puServe's 1200 Baud rates for DA-
TAPAC users as far as Delphi can
determine from CompuServe's price
sheet.
"All of these rates are quoted in
U.S. monetary funds."
As you can imagine, this is also
distressing news to us at RAINBOW. I'm
afraid we will have to live with this
arrangement for the time being. I will
keep you posted as things develop.
Now for some encouraging informa-
tion. Here, by popular demand, are
some recent Delphi enhancements. All
of the following list applies to the
"CoCo SIG Forum" section.
1) The READ command now accepts
all of the same arguments as the DI-
RECTORY command, including
ranges, FROM x TO y, SUBJECT and
210 THE RAINBOW March 1986
THREAD, and has been made gener-
ally more consistent with the DIREC-
TORY command.
2) The READ and DIRECTORY
commands now accept the argument
NONSTOP (or NS) on any valid com-
mand, e.g., READ NEW NONSTOP,
READ FROM RAINBOWMAG NS,
READ WAITING NS, READ
THREAD 122 NONSTOP, etc. This
feature allows messages to continuously
scroll by without having to repeatedly
press ENTER.
3) At the end of a thread read by using
the FOLLOW command and subse-
quent carriage returns, pressing enter
("READ NEW") takes you to the next
message you would have read had you
not typed FOLLOW This means you
may never have to see message number
12 again. This should fill Marty Good-
man with elation.
4) The DELETE command now in-
cludes the message number in the con-
firmation.
5) The (Forum contains messages x
through y) message is now kept more
accurate.
6) A partial range entered (such as
27:), e.g., DIR 27:, is now acceptable.
7) The DIR command displays out-
put more closely matching the current
line length (/LENGTH command).
8) ENTER pressed by itself generally
means "NEXT" after an initial READ
or DIRECTORY command until it can
deliver no more matching messages. In
this case, it is interpreted as READ
NEW. Pressing ENTER also means
READ NEW after an ADD command
or after a DELETE, REPLY or EDIT
command with a number as an argu-
ment, since these commands implicitly
destroy the context of what you were
doing by going directly to a message.
9) REPLY now takes an optional
message number as an argument, so it
is no longer necessary to re-read a
message in order to post a reply. The
message number must be the first argu-
ment, if used, along with the MAIL
option, e.g., REPLY 27 MAIL.
10) READ <number> takes you to
the next available message if the
number selected has been deleted or is
inaccessible.
1 1) QUIT takes you out of the Forum
section without updating your high
message pointer. This is useful when
you have followed a thread (thus updat-
ing your temporary high message poin-
ter), have not gone back to read the
intervening message (or messages in
other topics) and you want to come
back to them at another time.
12) You can now cancel (Control-C)
a REPLY without damaging the con-
text. A subsequent REPLY then works
correctly. This eliminates empty mes-
sages in the Forum section.
13) ALL is a valid option on the
READ NEW and DIR NEW com-
mands, causing the Forum to ignore the
"temporary map" of messages you have
read during the current Forum session.
DIR NEW ALL prints an asterisk
beside any "unread" messages on the
current listing. This listing is useful if
you have been following threads around
and want to find a particular message.
14) The NEW option on the READ
and DIRECTORY commands causes
the Forum to select messages higher
than your high message pointer that you
have not read during the current Forum
session (which meet your other options
and topic criteria). The NEXT com-
mand in any READ context also causes
the Forum to skip any messages already
read during the current session unless
the ALL is specified as an option on the
READ command.
15) The HIGH command clears the
"temporary map" of read/ unread mes-
sages. This sets your permanent highest
message read.
The foregoing represents Delphi's
response to a number of suggestions
and complaints voiced here and in other
SIGs. The features just mentioned have
been heavily tested, but if any unusual
responses occur when you use them,
THE rainbow would appreciate a mes-
sage from you, which we will forward
to the good folks who made these
needed changes for us.
Sound Off!
The CoCo SIG can only be made
better if we know what you expect. As
you can see, your hints and suggestions
have not been made in vain. We encour-
age you to continue to tell us of en-
hancements and additions you would
like to see made to Delphi. We have
been assured that every serious sugges-
tion will be considered.
Public Domain Programs
Now on to what has become a regular
"Delphi Bureau" feature and a personal
favorite of mine, the list of CoCo SIG
members who have uploaded public
domain programs into our databases.
Devin Cook (ELECTROMAGIC) Fife-
diss: In the Assembly Language topic,
this is a file disassembler for Radio
Shack DOS. It allows you to build a file
of table definitions and equates. Also
included are Ident/bas, which identifies
the start, end and exec addresses of a
binary file, and Compare/ bas, which is
a byte-by-byte comparison of binary
files.
William Borie (DISKBANK) COLO-
RAMA/PIX: In the Graphics topic,
this is a picture of the Colorama of
Louisville BBS created by Tom Carmin
using CoCo Max. This is an ASCII
BASIC program.
Bob Patten (N4BP) Musica File
Squeeze: This is a collection of pro-
grams that convert Musica 2 files from
binary to ASCII format and back. Also
included is Bob's arrangement of Chop-
in's "Minute Waltz" in ASCII format.
This group can be found in the Music
topic.
William Borie (DISKBANK) RE-
DIAL /BAS: This ASCII BASIC pro-
gram found in the Data Communica-
tions topic continuously dials a BBS
number until it detects a carrier. It will
then LOADM and EXEC Mikeyterm. You
can edit it and make it load your favor-
ite terminal program. This program
only supports the "bit-banger" serial
port on the back of the Color Compu-
ter. •
Stephen Macri (DRACMAN) KEL-
LYII/BAS: Found in the Games topic,
Kelly Checkers II is a checkers game
with two players playing against each
other or one player playing against the
computer. This program uses a high
resolution text and graphics screen.
We invite you to upload any public
domain programs that you feel the rest
of our members would like. We want to
see more member participation in the
Database section so the SIG will have
a better collection of programs to offer.
Once again, I invite you to join us on
Delphi's CoCo SIG. We like to hear
first-hand from our readers (it gives us
a feeling of accomplishment). We're
always here ready to answer questions
or help with a problem, so join us and
become an active member in the realm
of CoCo communications!
March 1986 THE RAINBOW 21 1
"The CBASIC Compiler"
Now anyone can create fast efficient Machine Language Programs
Easily and Quickly without having to use an Editor/ Assembler
CBASIC is a fully integrated, easy to use Basic program Editor and Compiler package. CBASIC is 99% syntax compatible
with Disk Extended Color Basic programs, so most Basic programs can be loaded and compiled by CBASIC with little
or no changes required. The compiler is an optimizing two-pass integer Basic compiler that can convert programs written
in Disk Extended Color Basic into 100% pure 6809 Machine Language programs which are written directly to disk in a
LOADM compatible format.
The programs generated by the compiler can be run as complete stand alone programs. A built-in linker/editor will
auiomaticaHy select one and only one copy of each subroutine that is required from the internal run-time library and Insert
them directly in the program. This eliminates the need for cumbersome, often wasteful separate "run-time" packages.
CBASIC WAS DESIGNED FOR BOTH
BEGINNING & ADVANCED USERS
CBASIC is a Powerful tool for the Beginner or Novice programmer as well as the Advanced Basic or Machine Language
programmer. The Beginner or Novice programmer can write and compile programs without having to worry about Stack
Pointers, DP registers, memory allocation, and so on, because CBASIC will handle it for you automatically. All they have
to do is write their programs using the standard Basic statements and syntax. For the advanced Basic and Machine
Language programmers, CBASIC will let you take command and control every aspect of your program, even generating
machine code directly in a program for specialized routines or functions.
CBASIC adds many features not found in Color Basic, like Interrupt, Reset, and On Error handling. It also has advanced
programming features that allow machine level control of the Stack and Direct Page registers, variable allocation, automatic
64K RAM control, program origin and even multiple origins. It can even have machine language code generated within
a program that executes just like any other Basic program line.
FULL COMMAND SUPPORT & SPEED
CBASIC features well over 100 Basic Commands and Functions that fully support Disk, Tape, Printer and Screen 1/
O. It also supports ALL the High and Low Resolution Graphics, Sound, Play and String Operations available in Extended
Color Basic, and all with 99.9% syntax compatibility.
CBASIC is FAST. Not only will CBASIC compiled programs execute 10 to 1000 times faster than Basic, but the time
it takes to develop a CBASIC program versus writing a machine language program is much, much shorter. A machine
language program that might take several months to write and debug could be created using CBASIC in a matter of days
or hours, even for a well experienced machine language programmer. We had a report from a CBASIC user (hat claimed
"a Basic program that used to take 3 hours to run, now runs in 7 to 8 minutes". Another user reported a program that
took 1 to l 1 ^ hours to run in Basic, now runs in 5 to 6 minutes!!!
MORE THAN JUST A COMPILER
CBASIC has its own completely integrated Basic Program Editor. The Editor contained in CBASIC is used to Create
and/or Edit programs for the compiler. It is a full featured editor with functions designed specifically for writing and editing
Basic programs. It has built-in block Move and Copy functions with automatic program renumbering. Complete, easy to
use inserting, deleting, extending and overtyping of existing program lines. It is also used for Loading, Saving, Appending
(merging). Killing disk files and displaying a Disk Directory. It also has automatic line number generation for use when
creating programs or inserting sequencia! lines between existing lines. You can set the printer baud rate and direct normal
or compiled listings to the printer for hard copy. The built-in editor makes program corrections and changes as easy as
"falling off a log". If CBASIC finds an error when compiling, it points to the place in the program line where the error
occurred. All you have to do is tell the editor what line you want to start editing and when it is displayed, move the
cursor with the arrow keys to the place where the error is and correct it. Just like that, it's simple,
HI-RES & 80 COLUMN DISPLAYS
CBASIC is the only Cobr Basic Compiler that includes its own Hi-Resolution 51, 64 or 85 by 24 line display. It is also
the only compiler that supports both the PBJ "Word-Pak" and the Double Density 80 column cards. All of these display
formats are part of the standard CBASIC compiler package. Not only can these display formats be used .for normal
program editing and compiling, but CBASIC will also include them in your compiled programs! If you want CBASIC to
include the display driver in your program, all you have to do is use a single CBASIC command "HIRES", The run-time
display driver that CBASIC includes in your program is not just a simple display, but a full-featured display package. With
the Hi-Resolution display package you can mix text & graphics, change characters per line, underline, character highlight,
erase to end of line or screen, home cursor, home & clear screen, protect screen lines, and much more. All commands
are compatible with our HI-RES II Screen Commander so you can easily develop screen layouts using HI-RES and Color
Basic before you compile your program. The same applies to using the 80 column card drivers. What other Basic compiler
offers you this kind of flexibility?
64K RAM SUPPORT
CBASIC makes full use of the power and flexibility of the 6883 SAM (Synchronous Address Multiplexer) In the Color
Computer. It will fully utilize the 96K of address space available in the Color Computer (64K installed) during program
Creation, Editing and Compilation. CBASIC has a special command for automatic 64K RAM control. When used in a
program, it allows the user to use the upper 32K of RAM space automatically for variables or even program storage at
run-time. It will automatically switch the ROMs in and out when needed. There are also two other commands that allow
you to control the upper 32K of RAM manually, under program control. No other Color Basic compiler directly supports
the use of 64K RAM like CBASIC.
ALL MACHINE LANGUAGE
CBASIC is completely written in fast efficient Machine Language, not Basic, tike some other Color Basic compilers.
Because of this. CBASIC can edit and compile very large programs. Even using the Hi-Resolution 51 by 24 line display,
it can work with about a 34K program, and the 80 column card versions can handle almost 40K of program. Some of
the other Basic compilers can only work with 16K or about 200 lines. Even working with large programs, CBASIC
compiles programs with lightning fast speed. It will compile a 24K program to disk in less than 2 minutes! That's without
a listing being generated, We've heard stories about some other compilers that take almost 10 minutes to compile a simple
2-3K program. You might inquire about this when you look at some of the other compilers available.
THE FINISHED PRODUCT
Since CBASIC contains statements to support ALL of the I/O devices (Disk. Tape, Screen & Printer), Hi-Res Graphics,
Sound, and Enhanced Screen displays, it is well suited for a wide range of programming applications. It generates a
complete, Ready to Run machine language program. The finished product or program does not have to be interfaced to
a Basic program to perform some of its functions or commands. This may seem obvious to, you, but some of the other
Color Basic compilers don't necessarily work this way. Some of their compiler commands need a separate Basic program
in order for them to work. In some cases, require that a separate Basic program be interfaced to the compiled program
to perform I/O functions, like INPUT. PRINT and so on. CBASIC doesn't do this. ALL of its commands are compiled
into a single machine language program that does not require any kind of Basic program to make it work.
COMPATIBILITY
You may be wondering about those statements we made earlier concerning 99% or 99,9% syntax compatibility. What
does that other 1 % consist of? The biggest part of that 1 % has to do with string arrays and variables. CBASIC does not
use a "String Pool" like Color Basic. It uses absolute memory addresses to locate string variables and arrays. This is why
CBASIC's string processing is so fast, it also eliminates the time consuming "Garbage Collection" problem. When CBASIC
allocates space for strings, it must know how much space to use for each string. When you Dimension a string variable
in CBASIC, you must tell it how much space you want to save for each element. To Dimension an array of 40 strings,
64 characters each, you would DIM DA $(40, 64). If a string is not dimensioned, CBASIC will automatically allocate 32
bytes for it. If you want a single string to hove enough room for 200 characters you would DIM AX$(200). For string
arrays, you would still access the element you want, the same as Color Basic, to get string #30 from the array DAS, you
would still use DA$(30), the only real change is in the DIM statement. For undeclared string arrays of 10 elements or
less, CBASIC will automatically reserve space for 10 (0-9) strings of 32 characters. In some other Color Basic compilers,
you have to declare EVERY string variable used in the progm in a DIM statement, And, to create an array of 40 strings
with 64 characters each, you would have to DIM AD$(2560), and then to access string #30, you would have to multiply
30 x 64 and use a special variable name format or access it one character at a time. Not very compatible or convenient
to use, and difficult at best.
CBASIC REQUIREMENTS
CBASIC requires a minimum of 32K RAM and at least one Disk drive. We strongly recommend that you have 64K.
CBASIC is compatible with all versions of Color & Extended Basic and both Disk Basic VI, 0 and VI. 1. Programs
compiled on either system will run on systems with different ROMs. CBASIC is NOT compatible with JDOS.
DOCUMENTATION
The Documentation provided with any program is very important to the uset. This is especially true when you talk
about a program as complete and complex as CBASIC. Even though CBASIC was designed to be the most User Friendly
compiler on the market, we went to great lengths to provide a manual that is not only easy to use and understand, but
comprehensive and complete enough for even the most sophisticated user. The manual included with CBASIC consists
of approximately 120 pages of real information, not like some manuals that put just one or two short paragraphs on a
page, if we did it that way, we could have easily created a three or four hundred page manual. The manual index breaks
down each section of the manual and gives a 3 or 4 word description of each section and its items along with page
numbers. The manual has three sections, the Editor, Compiler and Appendix. Each of these is divided into subsections,
with Section and Subsection titles printed at the top of each page. If you want to, you could find the information you are
looking for by simply flipping through the pages and scanning the Section titles on the top of the pages. The Manual itself
is an 8!$ by 1 1 Spiral Bound book with durable leather textured covers. Some of the reports we have had from CBASIC
users describe the manual as being the Best program manual they have ever used.
COMPARE THE DIFFERENCE
CBASIC is not just another Color Basic Compiler. It is the only complete Basic Compiler System for the Cobr Computer.
Compare CBASIC's features to what other compilers offer and you'll see the difference. When comparing CBASIC to
other compilers, you might want to keep some of these questions in mind. Does it support I/O functions? You can't write
much of a program without PRINT, INPUT and so on. What about complex string statements, or string statements at all?
How large of a program can you write? Can you compile a complex string like: MID$(WGOT$(DA$(VAL(DN$),LEN(LE$)},3,3)?
Can you use two character variable names for string & numeric variables, like Basic. Does it support all the Hi-Res graphics
statements including PLAY. DRAW. GET and PUT, using the same syntax as Basic? Do you ever have to use a separate
Basic program? Can you take complete Basic programs and compile them without extensive changes? Will they work?
How do you edit a program when it has errors compiling?
PRICE VERSUS PERFORMANCE
The price of CBASIC Is $149.00, It is the most expensive Color Basic Compiler on the market, and well worth the
investment. We spent over 2 years writing and refining CBASIC, to make it the Best, most Compatible Cobr Basic
compiler available. Most of our CBASIC users already bought one or more of the other compilers on the market and
have since discarded them. We even traded in a few of them. If you want a cheap compiler, we'll sell you one of those
traded in, at a good price. Before you buy a compiler, compare the performance of CBASIC against any Cobr Basic
compiler, Dollar for Dollar, CBASIC gives you more than any other Color Basic compiler available.
ORDERING INFORMATION
To order CBASIC by mail, send check or money order in the amount of $149.00 plus $3.00
for shipping and handling to the address listed below.
To order by VISA, MASTERCARD or COD, call us at: (702) 452-0632 (Monday thru Saturday, 8am to 5pm PST).
CER-COMP
5566 Ricochet Ave.
Las Vegas, NV 89110
(702) 452-0632
DISK
s 44.95
Introducing The "Super Smart"
DATA PACK II
TERMINAL COMMUNICATIONS SOFTWARE
Also Supports The PBJ 80 Column "Word Pak", Deluxe RS-232 Pak,
Parallel Printer Card and PBJ 2SP Pak
"FEATURES"
No Lost Information When Using Hi-Resolution Display On Line
ASCII Compatible File Format
Full Text Buffering
Terminal Baud Rates 300 to 9600
Automatic Word Wrap Eliminates Split Words
Full/Half Duplex
Automatic File Capture
Programmable Word Length, Parity and Stop Bits
Save and Load Text Buffer and Program Key Buffers to Tape
or Disk
9 Hi-Resolution Display Formats, 28 to Z55 x 24
True Upper/ lower Case Display
Kill Graphics Option for an Extra 6K
Supports Line Break
Freeze Display and Review Information On Line
Send Files Directly from Buffer or Disk
Full Disk Support for Disk Version
Send Control Codes from Keyboard
Separate Printer Baud Rates 110-9600
Display on Screen or Output Contents of Buffer to Printer
Automatic Memory Sense 16-64K
9 Programmable Function Key Variable Length Macro Buffer
Programmable Prompt Character or Delay to Send Next Line
Programmable Control Character Trapping
Programmable Open /Close Buffer Characters
Automatic Key Repeat For Editing
Program and Memory Status Displays
TAPE
s 34.95
"The Source"
has arrived!
Starship Falcon
Graphics Adventure Game
The Source brings the cost of Disassembler and Assembler Source code
generation down to Earth.
Now you can Disassemble Color Computer machine language programs and generate
beautiful, Assembler Source Code for a fraction of the cost of other Disassembler/Source
Generator programs.
The Source has all the features and functions you are looking for in a Disassembler.
Automatic label generation.
Allows specifying FCB. FCC and FDB areas.
Disassembles programs directly from Disk.
Supports multiple origin disk files.
Output complete Disassembled listing with labels to the Printer, Screen or both.
Generates Assembler compatible source files directly to disk .
Generated source files are In standard ASCII format that can be edited by most word processors.
Built In Hex/Ascii dump/display to help locate FCB. FCC and FDB areas in a program.
Fast Disassembly mode for testing & checking FCB. FCC and FDB mapped areas.
Built in Disk Directory and Kill file commands.
Menu display with single key commands for smooth, Easy, almost foolproof operation.
3ZK Disk $34*95
CDC
Six months ago a terrorist group demanded to be designated the rulers of
Alpha Sigma HI, under the threat of world starvation on the planet Earth. The
Federation denied their demands, so they released a biological weapon which
has destroyed all known edible plant species from throughout the known gal-
axy. To date no plant life has been able to survive on Earth. Recently, Federation
undercover agents have reported a story told by a roving space trader, of a
planet with abundant edible plant life. These plants have a reputation of being
able to survive in all climates and in fact, are supposed to grow at an incredible
rate. The Federation is desperate! If Earth's food source is not replaced soon,
the Federation will have to evacuate all animal and Human life. Your mission
is to go to the planet Zephyr and obtain the seed of these plants and return to
Earth. Several Federation agents have been sent to obtain the seeds and none
has returned! Can you get the seed and survive??? GOOD LUCK!
32K Disk $21.95
Screen Enhancement Program Comparison Chart
PROGRAM FEATURES HI-RES II HI-RES I BRAND X
NEW OLD
NEW IMPROVED VERSION
- UP TO 85 CHARACTERS PER LINE
READABILITY
- ADJUSTABLE AUTOMATIC KEY REPEAT
- PROPTECT 1-23 SCREEN LINES
- CONTROL CODE KEYBOARD
FULLY BASIC COMPATIBLE
DISPLAY FORMATS OF 28 to 255 CHARACTERS PER LINE
FULL % UPPER/LOWER CASE CHARACTERS
MIXED GRAPHICS & TEXT OR SEPARATE
GRAPHIC & TEXT SCREENS
INDIVIDUAL CHARACTER HIGHLIGHTING
REVERSE CHARACTER HIGHLIGHT MODE
WRITTEN IN FAST MACHINE LANGUAGE
AUTOMATIC RELOCATES TO TOP OF 16/32K
AUTOMATICALLY SUPPORTS 64 K of RAM WITH RESET CONTROL
REVERSE SCREEN
ON SCREEN UNDERLINE
DOUBLE SIZE CHARACTERS
ERASE TO END OF LINE
ERASE TO END OF SCREEN
HOME CURSOR
BELL TONE CHARACTER
HOME CURSOR & CLEAR SCREEN
REQUIRES ONLY 2K OF RAM
COMPATIBLE WITH ALL TAPE & DISK SYSTEMS
Character:
Hl-RES II SCREEN 1
_E*a.hiILLriiL_ J| rj || I | p P j '? h t
On Scrfen UhJERL IN 1NG
Protect f r ■:• m 1 to 23 scree n I i ne;
F u | I set of Cursor Control F unc t i or<s
True Upper Lower case character *et
IlllJIiWIf FHiltllillflLltlini
fld.tustaM e line lengths fron 28 to 255 character?
2 8 Characters per line
12 Characters per line
3 <> Characters per line
12 Characters per line
51 Characters per line
*1 f,h*r tcter j r»r I in*
flf fhr*i»T^ w lirr
full Controf Code Keyboard 4 Hutonatic Ke^ Repeat
Mined l^Ht and Graphics in PflDIiE 1 jnd Much flcre.
Rl I functions are easi I prosraHmble thru Bflsli
Fully QflypJlHEailMl incf Odin's ~CLS I'.PPIRtJ
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Buff/BicKk
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
$OJ. 95 $9Q95
M * TAPE ,7 DISK
ALL ORDERS SHIPPED FROM STOCK
ADD $2.50 POSTAGE
Circle Reader Service card #335
ccmp
5566 Ricochet Avenue Las Vegas, Nevada 89110
(702) 452-0632
Upper/Lower case characters Yes
Mixed Text and Graphics
Separate Text & ( iraphics
Print @ fully implemented
Print @ on all line lengths
Different line lengths
Automatic Key Repeat
Adjustable Kev Repeals
Auto Repeat Disable
Erase to end ol line/screen
Home Cursor
Solid or Blinking Cursor
CLS command supported
X.Y Coordinate Cursor
Positioning
Double Size Characters
Individual/Continuous
Highlighting
On Screen Underlining
Clear Key functional
lb 32 & 64 K Supported
Green or Black Background
Color
Dual Character sets for
Enhanced 64 and K5
Characters per line display Yes
Protected Screen Lines
(programmable) 1 to 23
Full Control Code Keyboard
for Screen control directly
from the keyboard Yes
Programmable Tab Character
Spacing Yes
Full Screen Reverse Function Yes
Switch to & from the Standard
1 £> by 32 Screen for full
compatability Yes
On Error Golo Function No
Extended Basic Required No
All Machine Language ProgramYes
RAM Required in addition to
Screen RAM 2K
Program Price (Tape) $24 95
Yes
Yes Yes .
Yes Yes
Yes Ye*
Yes Yes
28 to 255 (9)28 to 255 (9)
Yes
No
No
Yes
Yes
No
Buff/Black
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Clear/LkeysClear key
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
No
No
No
No
Yes
No
No
Yes
Yes
2K
$19 95
Yes
Yes •
No
Yes
51 only
51 only (1)
Yes
No
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
Buff/Black
No
No
No
No
No
Yes
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
2K
$29.95
^^^^^^^^^
I
VISA. MASTERCARD AND COD. ACCEPTED
DOWNLOADS
Communication
Breakdown
By Dan Downard
Rainbow Technical Editor
• The columns by both Lawrence Falk and
James Reed, together with the two-page ad
(pages 26 and 27) in the November 1985
issue of RAINBOW did it to me . . . I rushed
out and bought the R/S DCM-3 Modem,
a four-pin connection cable, a phone line
adaptor, and proceeded to hook everything
up, as per instructions.
I plugged the DCM-3 into the serial 1/ O
port on my Color Computer, made sure
every other connection was correct, and then
(following instructions in both the DCM-3
manual and the directions on Page 27 of the
ad) I breathlessly dialed the local Tymnet
number, got the carrier, tapped the connect
bar and hung up. The Carrier Detect Indi-
cator lit up to indicate that I indeed had the
signal and I waited for u the message. "Now,
I know you're not going to believe this, but
nothing happened!
What gives? Where have I gone wrong?
The ad more or less assumes that I am fully
knowledgeable about modems, and further,
that I have the capability of changing such
variables as the Baud rate, the word length,
parity (whatever that means) and the
number of stop bits. Who does, and how?
J.C Woodson
Burlingame, CA
Boy, James, it sounds like you have
trouble. Since I usually use Uninet, I tried
using Tymnet just to see if it worked. It
worked just like the instructions in the
November rainbow.
Just for your information, I was using 300
Baud, seven bits and no parity. According
to the Delphi manual, your terminal should
be set for eight-bit ASCII and one stop bit.
The manual also states that you may have
to experiment. I haven't figured that state-
ment out yet.
Dan Downard is an electrical engineer
and has been involved in electronics for
25 years through ham radio (K4KWT).
His interest in computers began about
six years ago and he has built several
68XX systems.
214 THE RAINBOW March 1986
The reason the instructions mentioned
that you may receive a garbled message
prompt is because the Tymnet introduction
is sent at 300 Baud. Tymnet will not sense
that you are sending at 1 200 Baud until you
do something. You did not mention the use
of an RS-232 pack, so I assume you are using
300 Baud, also.
I have two suggestions: Try contacting
Tymnet to see if there's some kind of prob-
lem in your area, or try using Uninet.
Error Trapping
• / have a Co Co 2 and generally run on
Color Disk basic, although I also have OS-
9 and BASIC09.
I have some programs I am trying to
develop and desperately need an error trap
of some sort. "On error" doesn't exist for
these systems, and I am wondering if there
is some way a routine could be written to
recognize any of the error messages that
come up, specifically the one that comes up
when the cursor hits the edge of the screen.
Other Tandy basics have an "on error"
trap. Do you know why it was left out of
Color basic?
Henry V. Leih
Black Canyon City, AZ
Henry, I really don't have the slightest
idea why error trapping was left out of Color
basic. I would guess there just wasn't
enough ROM memory left to include it.
[ know of several different commercial
programs that offer the addition of error
trapping, such as J DOS, Super Screen by
Mark Data Products and 64 K Screen Ex-
pander by Computerware. You mention that
you have BASIC09. It also has error trapping.
I don't think an error will be generated in
Color basic when the cursor hits the edge
of the screen. The only suggestion is to
PEEK ( &HBB ) . This will give you the current
address of the cursor. From there, you are
on your own.
Another suggestion is to experiment with
RAM hooks at S018E and $0191. These
vectors were reserved for error trapping by
Microsoft.
Getting BASIC09 Loaded
• / have purchased a great amount of
hardware and software after reading articles
and advertisements in your magazine, espe-
cially "K1S Sable OS-9" and ads for Color
Computer products. I bought a 64K Color
Computer, one disk drive, OS-9, BASIC09
and The Complete Rainbow Guide to
OS-9.
The problem is that I can 't seem to find
the proper instruction for loading BASIC09.
Page 2-2 of the BASIC09 Reference Manual
says after the OS9: prompt enter BASIC09
and you get the prompt ( B\ All I get when
I do this is Error #215.
I took the BASIC09 back to Radio Shack
and they replaced it as defective, but the new
one does the same thing. After staying up all
night for three nights studying The Rainbow
Guide (which doesn't show how to load
BASIC09) and the OS-9 manuals, I am still
lost.
Could you please give these instructions
or explain the cause of the problem I'm
having? I have been programming for about
four years in BASIC and assembly language
and use five computers, including an IBM
370.
Ray Pitts
Experiment, GA
Ray, according to my OS-9 documenta-
tion, Error #215 is "bad pathname." Most
of the time I think you will get Error #216,
or "pathname not found." The problem you
are having is due to the fact that you must
have BASIC09 in your current execution
directory. There are two ways to accomplish
this.
The first is to copy BASIC09 from your
BASIC09 master disk to your OS-9 system
disk. Assuming you have two drives, the
procedure would be as follows:
1) Boot OS-9. Leave the system disk
(preferably a backup) in Drive 0.
2) Insert your BASIC09 disk in Drive 1.
■
3) Type: CDPV /D1/BP5IC09/D0/CMD5/
BFISIC09
4) Remove the BASIC09 disk from Drive 1 .
5) Type: BASIC09
The easier way to accomplish the same
result is to change your execution directory
to Drive 1, where the BASIC09 program
resides. You do this by typing CHX /Dl.
If you have only one drive, you can only
use the first method. After COPY in the
command line, insert a "-S" to make it a
single-drive copy.
1 suggest reading your OS-9 manuals to
become familiar with the two different
directories (data/ working and execution)
used by OS-9 to further clarify this problem.
Fickle Files
• I have a 64 K CoCo revised 'D' board, one
disk, standard basic 1.1, Extended basic
1.0 and Disk basic LO.
My question concerns the FILES com-
mand. The manual states that you can
increase the disk buffer size with a command
such as FILES 1 , 1000. However, even after
issuing this command, data is still written to
the disk as soon as 256 bytes accumulate in
the buffer. Can you explain how to increase
the size of the disk buffer so data is written
to the disk less often?
Tom Veik
Columbus, NE
Tom, the disk structures of Disk basic
and OS-9 call for disks to be formatted with
a sector length of 256 bytes. Data will always
be written in groups of 256 bytes, whether
you are writing one or 1,000 bytes.
Why use the FILES command? When
dealing with random files, if a record is
longer than 256 bytes, you have to reserve
buffer space for the number of bytes in the
record. Otherwise, the default value of 256
is used.
Jimmying the Joystick Plots
• Is there any way to get better plots on my
joystick than 0-60 horizontally and 0-60
vertically? Perhaps 0-255 horizontally and
vertically?
Brandon Rhodes
Andover, MA
The limiting factor for joystick resolution
is the analog-to-digital converter inside your
CoCo, Brandon. Only a six-bit A-to-D
converter is used.
If you wish to experiment with 256 by 256
joystick resolution, try CoCo Max by
Colorware. An eight-bit A-to-D converter is
in the "black box" that comes with the
software: Adequate instructions are given in
the manual for using it for custom applica-
tions.
Keyboard Replacement
• / recently purchased a replacement key-
board for my CoCo. It's available at many
Radio Shack stores for $4.95 under part
number 277-1019. While the keyboard is not
described as a CoCo part, it fits perfectly on
my CoCo 2 and all the standard keys work
as before. However, the keyboard routines
in the ROM do not correctly produce the
codes for Control and Alt, the two function
keys. This problem is a software problem
and does not particularly concern me. What
I would like to do is use this keyboard on
an older CoCo that has a different ribbon
connector. Where may I obtain an adapter
that allows this keyboard to be used with
older Co Cos?
Tim Keith
Seguin, TX
An adapter is available for connecting the
ribbon cable to the older type of pin connec-
tors. I bought mine from Spectrum Projects.
Unfortunately, I don't know the part
number, but maybe some of our readers will
help.
Looking for a Driver Program
for TTY Terminals
• I have noticed from several articles in your
" Downloads" section that you seem to have
some experience with interfacing CoCo and
TTY. We are starting a club project to set
up a BBS for people in our area using TTY
(teletypewriter) terminals for the deaf Some
are ASCII compatible, but most are not. We
currently run a modified Rainboard using a
version of your remote terminal driver
program from the November 1983 RAIN-
BOW. We are looking for a similar program
that would be compatible with the five-bit
Baudot protocol used by telecommunica-
tions devices for the deaf. We have the TDD-
43 program from CompuServe, but it will
not work for our purposes as it uses the
cassette port instead of the serial port for 1/
O. Do you know of any driver program we
can use, or have suggestions for modifying
your driver program?
Mac Knight
Yakima, WA
One of the first articles I did for THE
rainbow was using nonstandard software
and hardware with the CoCo. If you can find
a copy, look for February 1983. In this
article is a machine language driver for using
a Baudot printer with your CoCo. It is not
exactly what you are looking for, but it will
head you in the right direction as far as
writing a program using "look-up tables."
If enough people write, we'll rewrite
Remote for Baudot use. With the number of
Model 28 and 32 ASCII machines available,
I didn't think anyone was using Baudot
anymore.
More on OS-9 Uploading from the Ml 00
• / am writing in response to a letter in the
January 1986 "Downloads" from Allan
Wysocki. He, like myself, has found he can
download files from his CoCo running OS-
9 to his Model 100, but has trouble upload-
ing from the Model 100 to the CoCo. The
problem is the 100 sends the file until it
receives an XOFF, so what is needed is a
device driver that supports XON/XOFF. Tl
does not, as far as I know. Several of the T2
drivers, including the Tandy T2, do support
XON/XOFF. I have found that using any
of these I can download at any Baud rate,
including 19200, however, the besul have
been able to do on an upload is 300 Baud.
This is the setup I have found to work best.
First, I use the Tandy T2 set at 300 Baud,
the 100 hooked to T2 with an RS-232 cable
and null modem. I use TSMON and logon
to the CoCo with the 100's Telcom set to
38N1E.
I'm ready to upload, but here we run into
another problem. "Build" does not seem to
work with this setup. What I use is a pro-
gram written by Bill Brady called XUPL
that can be found on CompuServes OS-9
SIG. I type XUPL FILENAME on the 100.
XUPL opens a file and responds by telling
you that it is ready and to press esc when
done. Now you can upload most files by
hit ting function key '3' on the 100. If you get
errors, such as #244 or #216, then use
XMODE I T2 -ECHO and set the 100 to half
duplex and try your upload again.
The reason for this problem appears to be
that after the CoCo sends an XOFF, the 100
may still send some characters before it can
react to the XOFF. These characters cause
an Error #244 (keyboard buffer overflow)
and then maybe some #2 16s (pathname not
found). If you are using one of the other T2
drivers that support XON, these extra
characters are lost but the upload will not
abort on errors. What we really need is for
someone to write a new driver that continues
to accept the incoming characters until the
100 stops sending. The Tandy T2 seems to
do this, but must not have a big enough
buffer.
Wayne Miller
Westminster, CA
Where there's a will, there's a way, Wayne.
Thanks for your help.
Your technical questions are welcomed.
Please address them to: Downloads, the
rainbow, P.O. Box 385, Prospect, KY
40059. We reserve the right to publish only
questions of general interest and to edit for
space and clarity. Due to the large volume
of mail we receive, we are unable to answer
letters individually.
Your technical questions may also be sent
to us through the MAIL section of our new
Delphi CoCo SIG. From the CoCo SIG>
prompt, pick DELPHI MAIL, then type
SEND and address TO: DANDOWNARD.
March 1986 THE RAINBOW 215
LEARNING OS-9
How to deal with errors, their message
types and the conditions under which
they occur
The Utility Room
By Brian A. Lantz
Welcome back to "The Utility Room." In your
home, a utility room is usually used to store and
keep a variety of things. It is the place where just
about anything at all can be found! That is what makes this
article different. Along with learning additional program-
ming skills, I hope you find a different, creative point of
view. As a programmer, your most valuable resource tool
is your imagination. Coding a program is not difficult, but
creating the idea that later becomes the program is the most
difficult phase of programming. Therefore, some of the
content of these articles leans to the abstract. I hope these
thoughts and ideas will develop into different and exciting
ideas for OS-9.
This month, we'll deal mainly with errors, error messages
and error conditions. We will first classify these, then look
at the differences between types of errors and their
messages.
Your Enemy: The Error
Here is a proverb for all of you philosophers — "An
enemy is usually someone that you don't know well enough
to consider a friend." This is the type of enemy the standard
error is. All you need to do to make it your friend is get
to know it. Anticipate its every move. Take advantage of
its weaknesses and be cautious of its strengths. When you
start doing this, you will be in control of the error.
Types of Error Messages
There are five basic types of error messages. I will refer
to these as the "five S's": silent errors, slovenly errors, sober
errors, smart errors and social errors. Let's look at each of
these types of error messages.
Brian Lantz lives in Tampa, Florida, and is president
of the national OS-9 Users Group. He is a free-lance
programmer, with programs carried by Tandy,
Computerware and Frank Hogg Laboratories. He has
developed much of the commercial OS-9 software
released in the last year.
1) Silent — This is the "no message" error message. For
example, you've spent the last six hours working on a
program. You do not have a backup copy of your work.
You go to exit your text editor and suddenly the system
crashes for no apparent reason. Whether you know it or
not, you just received an error message.
2) Slovenly — This is a vague and non-specific error
message. Receiving this kind of message is better than
getting a "no message" message, but it doesn't tell you a
whole lot. A typical example of this is an 1/ O Error message.
This could be one of several dozen actual error conditions.
3) Sober — This is a message that is specific, but does
not give you much information by itself. The OS-9 FSPERR
(PRINT ERROR) routine is like this. It tells you exactly
which error occurred, but most of us need to pick up our
manuals to find out what this really means. This kind of
error message is usually the most specific and the least
friendly.
4) Smart — This is a message that is specific, but still
a little vague. An example of this is a "can't open input file"
message. This is specific as it relates to the problem, but
it is vague in its explanation of the cause.
5) Social — This is the user-friendly type of error
message. It is both specific and informational. It tells what
kind of error occurred and gives you enough information
to figure out the solution. It may or may not give as specific
an explanation of the cause as the sober message does. The
key feature of this message is that you are given the full
"picture" at the time pf the error. To convert the smart
example to a social one, you would receive either "input file
doesn't exist" or "you have no permission to use input file."
Which one is the best of the five S's and which one should
be used in your programs? Well, the answer is all of them!
You will probably use each one at one time or another. As
a general rule, though, we will try to use the smart and social
messages whenever possible. That doesn't mean exclusively,
just preferably.
Types of Errors
There are really only two types of errors, fatal and
216 THE RAINBOW March 1986
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nonfatal. A fatal error is any condition that prevents the
program from continuing in its normal operation. These can
range from errors that cause a system "crash' 1 to ones that
occur because other programs, or files, that are needed
cannot be found or loaded. A nonfatal error is one that can
be "worked around," that is, an error with which you can
simply print out a message and resume operation.
There are some occasions where, due to the way a
program is written, an error is treated as a fatal one when
it could have just as easily been regarded as nonfatal. A
familiar example is if you give the LIST command (or our
CAT command) three files to print and the second one does
not exist, then a fatal error occurs and the third file does
not get printed. This could have been programmed to print
out an error message and continue on to the next file, but
the original programmer made this a fatal error instead of
a nonfatal one.
Types of Error Conditions
Here's where OS-9 becomes your ally in the fight against
the dreaded error. OS-9 system calls usually do all the work
of determining an error. With most of the system calls, the
carry bit of the Condition Code register tells you if an error
occurred. If the carry is set, then an error occurred and the
error number is usually contained in Register B. If the carry
is clear, then OS-9 did not detect an error.
True, most I/O errors and fatal system errors are easily
detected by the system calls without a lot of additional
programming on your part, but that doesn't mean you can
relax in your dealings with errors. It simply reduces the
number of errors to which you need to give your attention.
If you wish to be a good programmer, you must think
through every possible error that can happen, whether it can
occur because of improper operator input or hardware
limitations.
Error or Bug?
Let's clarify one other thing before we start our coding,
A bug is not an error and an error is not a bug. An error
is a condition that can occur outside of the program's
control. A bug is an oversight on the part of the pro-
grammer.
Though bugs and errors are separate, they do sometimes
relate closely. Some errors can lead to the discovery of
otherwise hidden bugs. As an example, I know of a word
processor for the CoCo that is flawless in every way, except
for' one. If, in the course of use, the word processor fills a
disk in the midst of saving text, the program goes totally
nuts. This error (disk full) was not handled properly by the
programmer, thus, a bug is born. However, this bug will
never occur unless it is assisted by an unbridled error.
End of the Cat Nap
Now for some serious coding. If you examine Listing 1,
you will see that it is essentially the same listing as in
December's issue, with several additions. One change is that
the line numbers (which are only for reference) are now
enclosed in parentheses. Remember, if you are entering this
program (CAT), do not put in these line numbers.
The first addition in this month's listing is at lines 236
and 237. This is a new error message. Its use will be
explained in a moment. A minor change has been made on
Line 450. A label (CAT42) has been added. There are two
218
THE RAINBOW March 1 986
additional lines at 451 and 452. I had left in a deliberate
bug, and no one caught it! These lines correct this bug. Let's
see if you can figure out what that bug was.
Separate the Files
A "clean-up" has been added in lines 480-487. Line 480
has been changed to branch if all is done to label OUT. Lines
481-487 are listed here:
PSHS X save parameter pointer
LEAX ERROR, PCR point to a line feed character
IDA #STDOUT this is going to standard output path
LDY #1 only one character to output
OS9 I$tfRITLN print it! (separates files)
PULS X restore parameter pointer
BRA BEGIN go back & LIST another file
First, the parameter pointer in Register X is saved, then
'X' is pointed to a line feed character, like the first character
of the error message. This character is output. A line feed
was chosen instead of a carriage return to make this work
easier with other utility programs, such as a word count
utility that counts all carriage returns as separate lines.
And on the Subject of Errors
The biggest section of code added was to change an error
condition from fatal to nonfatal. This change was made to
the "open file" routine. Now if a file cannot be opened, the
error message "cat: can't open filename" is displayed and
the next file is processed. Previously, this error would return
to OS-9 with the error number and the additional files
would not be viewed. Lines 280 and 290 were changed and
22 lines were added between them.
The first section (shown here):
CMPB
LBNE
#216
EXIT
"FILE NOT FOUND" error 7?
no, exit program (troubles)!
checks to see if it was a "file not found" error. If it wasn't,
then it is treated as a fatal error since something must be
wrong with the disk itself.
The second section of this additional code:
LDX
LEAY
CAT 3 LDA
PRMPTR else, point to the filename
BUFFER, U and the buffer
,X+ get a character from the name
STA
Y+
p T-i rl TilflCA it in the Twf "fPT"
□ 11U M ± Q w W Xll bllC w i— L J_.I_1_.J_
CMPA
#S0D
Anrl of t*hp romrn And. 1 ".tia??
BEO
CAT 4
veq all drttiA w/the nAmp
CMPA
else, end of the filename??
BNE
CAT 3
no, loop back till name donel
LDA
#$J?D
else, get a <CR>
STA
and place it at the end of the name
copies the filename that couldn't be found into the buffer
and makes sure it is terminated with a carriage return.
Next, the parameter pointer is adjusted and saved:
CAT.
LEAX
STX
-1,X back up the parameter pointer
PRMPTR and store the new value
Lastly, the "cat: can't open" portion of the message is
printed, followed by the printing of the filename that was
copied into the buffer:
LEAX ACCESS , PCR point to the access error msg
LDY #17 it is 17 characters long
LDA #2 output to standard error path
OS9 I$WRITLN and write the 1st part of msg
LEAX BUFFER, U now point to the copied name
' LDY #BUFSIZ set length to maximum
OS9 I$WRITLN and write out the filename, also
BRA CAT 4 2 go back for another file
And Now, a Gold Star for the Class!
As an added bonus, I present Listing 2. This is the error
utility command from the Unicharger utility package,
distributed by Frank Hogg Labs, which is appropriate since
we have been talking about errors. This is a very simple
program that takes a decimal error number and prints the
description from the ERRMSG file. It assumes this file is
located in the /DO/ SYS directory. If you have this in
another directory, simply change the string at the label
ERFILE to reflect the position of the ERRMSG file in your
system.
This listing is supplied for personal use only. I hope you
can get use out of it.
A Look at the Mail Bag
Several good ideas have come in the mail recently. If you
have an idea for a good utility command that we can tackle,
drop me a line. Also, if you have problems understanding
certain items within the OS-9 environment, let me know;
Til try to explain them further. □
Editor's Note: Although OS-9 programs are not included on RAINBOW ON TAPE, the following program listings are now available for downloading from
our new Delphi CoCo SIG (there is a $3.50 per program surcharge). From the CoCo SIG> prompt, pick DATABASE and then, RAINBOW ON TAPE
to access these programs.
Listing 1:
* CAT Utility Command version 2
* syntax: cat [+numl] [-] [num2] [filename] {.... }
*
* Copyright 1985 Brian A. Lantz
* All rights reserved
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
(ID
(20)
(30)
(40)
(50)
* Copies input from specified file(s) (or standard
* input) to standard output.
NAM CAT
IFP1
USE /D0/DEFS/OS9DEFS
March 1986 THE RAINBOW 219
Educational Programs
^ Questions ? ?
• • •
Questions — a powerful, easy to use,
authoring program! Questions has as
many uses as its owners have creativity.
Teachers have used Questions to develop
pre and post tests, to make copies of the
same test with questions in a different
order, and to review and reinforce difficult
lessons with their students. But Questions
is not limited to school uses. Enterprising
people have found other uses for it. Party-
givers have used it to personalize games
for baby and wedding showers, and for
creating their own trivia games. Adminis-
trators have used it for inservice training.
Children have written their own riddles
with it. if you own Questions, you'll find a
way to use it. You will also be pleased with
its many fine features:
* Word processing commands that al-
low you to make changes as you type
* Screen commands so you do not have
to constantly refer to the manual
* Options to take the quiz on the com-
puter or to print a hard copy of it
* Sequential or random presentation of
questions
* The ability to print the same test with
questions in a different order
* The printing of an answer key
* The option to use expanded printer
lettering to create large print tests.
* The ability to save quizzes to cassette
or disk
* A review feature which permits stu-
dents to study questions that have
Deen missed
* A record keeping system
* Multiple choice, true/false, or fill
in the blank formats.
Questions is truly a professional authoring
program that meets the needs of all of its
users.
16K ECB • Cass. $19.95
32K ECB - Cass. $24.95
32K Disk - $26.95
Reading Comprehension Series
Grades 2 - 4
B5's Reading Comprehension Series is a
set of data files to be used with the Ques-
tions program described above. Each file
contains over 100 questions, organized
into 6 to 8 sequential lessons. Lessons
build from simple to complex. This series
emphasizes the thinking aspect of reading.
Simple sentence structure allows the stu-
dent to concentrate on thinking skills.
Main Idea *
Fact & Opinion ★
Sequencing
Cause & Effect
Each Title: Cassette - $10.95
Disk $12.95
Complete Series of 4 Titles:
Cass. - $39.95; Disk - $41.95
Most B5 programs are available
Z3* through Radio Shack® Express
Order.
A trademark of Tandy Corp.
B-5 Software Co.
1024 Bainbridge Place
Columbus, Ohio 43228
Phone (614) 276-2752
(60)
ENDC
(70) TYPE
ai rtm
SET
PRGRM+OBJCT
/ O ft \
(8)3) REVS
SET
REENT+1
(90)
Vf f\T\
MOD
THEEND , CATNAM , TYPE , REVS , BEGIN , CATMEM
✓ 1 ft ft \ /~i a rri \rt a 1 J"
(100) CATNAM
FCS
"Cat"
(110)
Tf
/ 1 A ft V nil ^1 T r?
(120) BUFSIZ
EQU
200
(125) MULT
E(jU
10
(130)
ORG
0
S 1 / ft V
(140)
* this
Is
the beginning of the data area.
(150) IPATH
RMB
1
this is the input path #
(155) COUNT-
DUD
RMB
2
line counter
/ i c f \ T"» n f\\j
(156) FROM
RMB
2
to store "linel"
( JL!> 1 ) 1U
nuD
KMd
2
to store "line 2"
2
this is the parameter pointer
PVR
BUFSIZ
this is the input buffer
V, -L o y )
P.MR
200
this is the stack's memory
( 17 Jp )
pun
200
the parameter area is here
/ O ft ft \ yi * rn \i T7 , \f
(200) CATMEM
EQU
this ends the data area
(210)
JL,
" ine
following line sets the EDITION number to 2
(2JJ0) VRSION
FCB
2
(231) ERROR
FCB
$0A
/ o i o \
(232)
FCC
/cat: parameter error/
(234)
t-« /i r»
FCB
(235)
■b
Tf
(Zlb) AOOESS
rub
(2 J / )
T-< /I /I
/ i^a. L. . wall
/ O /. flf \
( 2M)J)
Tf
(250) BEGIN
STX
PRMPTR
cava vrtllT* nflfflmofar T\r\ e A f~ ■{ r»T4
o ti v c y vul tinio uci. puo luiuu
(251)
CLRA
oaf t* a tv A o+-fl*» A Anna 1 4- r\ ft
Set LCglSUcL tx CUUai to v
(252)
CLRB
set register B equal to 0
(2j 3)
STD
COUNT
store 0 at COUNT
(25 J . 1)
ri rn t>
SID
FROM
clear FROM pointer
(253 . 2)
SUBD
#1
make D equal 65535
(253 . 3)
o m t\
STD
TO
set TO pointer
(253 .4)
BSR
OPTCHK
process options
(254)
f* m \f
STX
PRMPTR
store X at PRMPTR
(250 )
OLR
IPATH
default input from stdin
/ O c c \
(23D J
0,X
place character at X in A
v 2 3 ' J
PUT] A
OMrA
#$0D
is the character a <CR> ??
(ZDB }
MAIN
if so, skip to MAIN
(260)
LDA
#READ .
set access mode for reading
(27JJ)
uby
I$OFEN
attempt to open file
/ no n\
(280)
BOO
CATS
file opened okayl
(280 . 1)
CMPB
#216
"FILE NOT FOUND" error ??
/ n o ft f\\
(280 . 2)
LBNE
EXIT
no, exit program (troubles)!
/ n ft ft n \
(280. 3)
LDX
PRMPTR
else, point to the filename
(280 . 4)
LEAY
BUFFER, U
and the buffer
s ry n ft c \ o a m Oj
(280 . 5)CAT3
LDA
,X+
get a character from the name
(280 . 6)
STA
,Y+
and place it in the buffer
/nan "7 \
(280 . 7)
A|iT1 i
CMFA
#$0D
end of the command line??
/ 0 0 ft 0 \
(28 J0 . 8}
BEQ
CAT 4
yes, all done w/the name
zoom n \
(28JJ . 9)
CMPA
#$20
else, end of the filename??
(2ol J
BNL
CAT 3
no, loop back till name done I
/ n o i i \
(281 , 1)
LDA
#$0D
else, get a <CR>
(281.2)
STA
0,Y
and place it at the end of the name
(281 . 3)CAT4
LEAX
-i,x
back up the parameter pointer
(281.4)
o m v
STX
PRMPTR
and store the new value
/ 0 O 1 r \
(281 . 5)
T 17 A V
LEAX
ACCESS, PCR point to the access error msg
(281 . 6)
LDY
#17
it is 17 characters long
/ A ft 1 "IS
(281 . 7)
LDA
#2
output to standard error path
/ A A ^ A \
(281 .8)
OS9
I$tfRITLN
and write the 1st part of msg
(281. 9)
LEAX
BUFFER ,U
now point to the copied name
^ A A A V
(282)
LDY
#BUFSI2
set length to maximum
/ a ft n 1 \
(282 . 1)
Ann
OS9
I$WRITLN
and write out the filename, also
/nnn n \
(282.2)
BRA
CAT 4 2
go back for another file
(282 .3)
s ft ft ft \ f\ k m c
(290) CAT5
STA
IPATH
store input path #
(300)
o m v
STX
PRMPTR
store parameter position
/ AMP \
(305)
bin * * - J ^
* this
is
the main
loop
(310) MAIN
t r\ a
LDA
IPATH
get input path #
S ft ft ft \
(320)
LEAX
BUFFER ,U
set 'X f point to the buffer
✓ ft ft ft V
(330)
LDY
#BUFSIZ
set f Y* to maximum # of bytes
(340)
A A A
OS9
I$READLN
attempt to read a line
(350)
n f> f*
BCS
EOFCHK
branch out if error or EOF
(351)
LDD
COUNT
get the current line count
(352)
ADDD
#1
add 1 to the line count
(353)
STD
COUNT
store the new line count
(354)
CMPD
FROM
compare COUNT to FROM
220 THE RAINBOW March 1986
a, i ■■■:'>' "'".r.x.-* *>-;■• . * ' *
or
Si?
mm
:>zm<S v: J v^J A##pl. ^^i^Mm-C
■-. • . ■? ... . v.-., •
>.;-.v>7::. ..>.
"9
for the Tandy Color Computer. Authors Dale L Puckettand Peter
j||1d rniilthuser features, and the capability of redirecting input
and output commands at will. An easy-to-read, step-by-step guide
packed with hints and tips, tutorials and free software in the form
of program listings.
Book $19.95, Disk $31.00 (2 disks, book not included)
The Rainbow Book of Adventures
A collector's item containing 14 winning programs from the
rainbow's very first Adventure contest. Includes such favorites
as Sir Randolf of the Moors, Search for the Ruby Chalice, Deed
of the York, Horror House, One Room, The Door and Dr. A v aloe,
Pius, hints and tips on solving Adventures.
Book $7.95, Tape $7.95
3v> .
'•^''■VV'^' •'* 1 '•'• : i:' i 'ic.j?. -
Features 20 award-winning entries from THE RAINBOW'S first
Simulation programming competition. You are the Commander-
^fn-Chief of the Confederate Army during the Civil War, an air
traffic controller at one of the nation's busiest airports, the owner
of your own software business, a civil defense coordinator in
charge of saving Rainbow City from a raging flood, a scientist
conducting experiments on Mars . . . Your wits are on the tine.
\, Tape $9.95
games ever compiled. Meet the Beatles and battle the Blue
Meanies, find a hidden fortune, or win the heart of a beautiful
and mysterious princess. Experience the thrills and chills of the
most rugged Adventurer without ever leaving your seat Ring
Quest, Secret Agent Man, Dark Castle, Curse of Karos, Island
and more!
Book $13.95, Tape $13.95
Coming soon
Statistics
The Second Rainbow Book of Simulations
^■j; j,^;
v<'-.' •• -\ >■".-• ■ ■ : ■• • •■'■'XT'..
, ..* , 3
I want to start my own Rainbow Bookshelf!
Please send me:
□ The Rainbow Book of Simulations $ 9.95
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'J^ifl»p^^!|f|y tapes and, disks ofiered by The Rainoow Bookshelf are not stand-alone products. That is, they are intended to be
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an
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355
356
357
360
370
380
390
395
400
410
420
430
440
450
451
452
460
470
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
490
500
505
510
515
520
525
530
535
540
545
550
551
555
560
565
570
575
580
585
590
595
600
605
610
615
620
625
630
635
640
645
650
655
660
665
670
675
680
685
690
695
700
705
710
715
720
725
726
730
735
740
745
EOFCHK
EOF
CAT42
OUT
EXIT
OPTCHK
MINUS
PLUS
OPTOUT
PARERR
GETNUM
BLO
CMPD
BHI
LDA
OS 9
BCC
BRA
* check
CMPB
BNE
LDA
OS 9
BCS
LDX
CLR
CLR
LDA
CMPA
BEQ
PSHS
LEAX
LDA
LDY
OS 9
PULS
BRA
CLRB
OS9
*
LDA
CMPA
BEQ
CMPA
BEQ
CMPA
BEQ
CMPA
BNE
*
LDA
CMPA
BLO
CMPA
BHI
BSR
STD
LDA
CMPA
BEQ
CMPA
BEQ
CMPA
BEQ
BRA
*
BSR
STD
LDA
CMPA
BEQ
CMPA
BHI
LDD
STD
BRA
*
LEAX
RTS
*
LEAX
LDY
LDA
OS9
BRA
CLRA
CLRB
BSR
BSR
MAIN
TO
EOF
#1
I$WRITLN
MAIN
EXIT
if less than, loop
compare COUNT to TO
if high, end file
load 'A' with standard output
write to standard output
if no error, loop back
otherwise, end program
for End Of File
#E$EOF is it the EOF ??
EXIT if not, error has occurred
I PATH get input path #
I$CLOSE and close the path
EXIT if an error, branch
PRMPTR get position in parameters
COUNT make line counter. , ♦
COUNT+1 equal to zero, again.
0,X check next character
#$0D is it a <CR> ??
OUT yes, all done listing!
X save parameter pointer
ERROR, PCR point to a line feed character
#STDOUT
#1
I$WRITLN
X
BEGIN
F$EXIT
OPTCHK
#$20
OPTCHK
# f +
PLUS
OPTOUT
P»X
#»0
OPTCHK
#'9
PARERR
GETNUM
TO
P.*
#$20
OPTCHK
# f ,
OPTCHK
#$0D
OPTCHK
PARERR
GETNUM
FROM
9>*
#'-
OPTCHK
#\
PARERR
FROM
TO
OPTCHK
-1,X
this is going to standard output path
only one character to output
print it! (separates files)
restore parameter pointer
go back & LIST another file
clear , B I and 'CC
exit the command
get next character
check for a comma
if it is, skip it
check for a space
if it is, skip it
check for a H + rt
if it is, branch
check for a " -"
if not, end OPTCHK
get next character
test low number range
if less, branch
test high number range
if too high, error
convert the number
store "line2" at TO
get next character
is it a space?
if so, branch back
is it a comma ??
if so, branch back
is it the end of line?
if so, branch back
else, a parameter error
convert the number
store "linel" at FROM
get next character
is it a "-"?
if so, branch back
is it a delimiter?
if not, parameter error
get "linel"* s value
store as "line2"
branch back
set X back one char,
return from routine
ERROR, PCR get the error message
#BUFSIZ set up a big enough buffer
#2 standard error path
I$WRITLN write error message
OUT end LIST command
ONCE
TWICE
set A equal to 0
set B equal to 0
check for 1 digit
check for 2 digits
222 THE RAINBOW March 1986
(750)
TWICE
BSR
ONCE
check for 1 digit
(755)
ONCE
BRA
DIGIT
check for 1 digit
(760)
*
(765)
DIGIT
PSHS
D
save D on the stack
(770)
LDB
get next character
(775)
SUBB
#*0
subtract value of "0"
(780)
BCS
DIGOUT
if less than "0" branch
(785)
CMPB
#MULT-1
is it a digit ??
(790)
BHI
DIGOUT
if not, branch
(795)
PSHS
B
save number
LDB
#10
ready to multiply by 10
(805)
MUL
multiply previous MSB
(81J2)
STB
l.S
save result
(815)
LDA
2,S
get previous LSB
(820)
LDB
#10
get ready to multiply
(825)
MUL
multiply by 10
(830)
ADDB
,S+
add current digit
(835)
ADC A
0,S
add result of 1st mult.
(840)
LEAX
1,X
increase X
(845)
STD
0,S
store new number
(850)
DIGOUT
PULS
D,PC
return
(855)
(860)
EMOD
set module's CRC
(870)
THEEND
EQU
*
end of program
(880)
END
tell ASM that you're through!
Listing 2:
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
Lists the corresponding error message from the error file *
(/d0/sys/errmsg) for the specified error number (ermum) . *
All leading zeros of errnum are ignored. *
ERROR UTILITY COMMAND - OS -9
Copyright 1984 Brian A. Lantz
All rights reserved
from the UN I CHARGER utility package
distributed by Frank Hogg Labs
syntax: error <ermum>
NAM
ERROR
TTL
OS -9 Utility Command (c)1984 Brian A. Lantz
IFP1
USE
/D1/DEFS/0S9DEFS
ENDC
TTL
OS -9 Utility Command (c)1984 Brian A. Lantz
STDOUT
EQU
1 STANDARD OUTPUT PATH NUMBER
STDERR
EQU
2 STANDARD ERROR PATH NUMBER
TYPE
SET
PRGRM+OBJCT
REVS
SET
REENT+1
MOD
ERREND , ERRNAM , TYPE , REVS , ERRENT , ERRMEM
ERRNAM
FCS
"Error"
* DATA AREA DEFINITIONS *
* *
SIZE OF INPUT BUFFER
BUFSIZ
EQU
200
ORG
0
IPATH
RMB
1
PRMPTR
RMB
2
BUFFER
RMB
BUFSIZ
RMB
40JJ
ERRMEM
EQU
INPUT PATH NUMBER
POINTER TO PARAMETER LINE
ALLOCATE AN INPUT BUFFER
LEAVE PLENTY OF STACK SPACE
THIS MARKS THE END OF THE DATA AREA
* SOFTWARE VERSION NUMBER *
* LOCAL * IN * LOS * ANGELES *
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March 1986 THE RAINBOW 223
TIME BANDIT
Bill Dunlevy & Harry Lafnear
Tired of the same old screens? In TIME
BANDIT, you pick from more than
TWENTY places with over 15 levels in
each place. That's over 300 screens!
Visit FANTASY WORLD, WESTERN
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Find the Keys and collect the treasures
of time! Crisp Supergraphics, colorful
SCROLLING landscapes, full animation,
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The conquest of time and space awaits
you!
32K Tape $27.95/Disk $29.95
CASH MAN
Bill Dunlevy & Doug Frayer
Explosive color, fast-moving animation
and amazing sound make this non-
violent game a classic! Different levels
and more than FORTY screens offer as
much challenge & good clean fun as you
can take! Play solo or enjoy the challenge
of two-player simultaneous competition.
Scramble to get the loot first, but be
careful: the KATS are prowling and your
opponent is tossing eggs!
32K Tape $27.95/Disk $29.95
SUPER PAINT
by John Crane
Super Paint is an exciting new en-
hancement for your Graphicom draw-
ing system. Break the chains restrict-
ing your creative freedom! Now you can
draw and paint with every color your
machine is capable of. Over 250 colors
are available at all times! It's no longer
impossible to find just the right shade or
texture. Super Paint brings the COLOR
back into your Color computer! Requires
Graphicom system.
32K Disk $19 95
576 South Telegraph
Pontiac. Michigan 48053
(313) 334-6576
i
l
J
* This is not necessary, but is needed if you wish to keep *
* track of your version number using the EDITION number of the *
* IDENT utility. The EDITION number is the first byte after the *
* module name in the program section of code. *
VRSION
FCB 1
VERSION NUMBER 1
* The following are the two error messages that can be reported *
* by ERROR. The label "ERFILE" is also used as the filename for *
* the error file. If you are using a device other than "/D0" , *
* this line should be changed. For example, "/H0/SYS/ERRMSG" for*
* a hard disk. *
ERROR FCB $JJA
FCC /error: cannot open /
ERFILE FCC "/D0/SYS/ERRMSG"
FCB $0D
NONUM FCB $0A
FCC /error : no error number given/
FCB $0D
* ENTRY POSITION OF THE "ERROR" UTILITY COMMAND *
* Entry registers used: *
* X -> parameters from command line *
ERRENT
STX PRMPTR
IDA 0,X
CMPA #$0D
BNE YESNUM
Store the pointer to the command line
Get the first character
Is it a blank command line??
No, there was a number given!
* This routine handles the situation of no error number given *
ERRNM
ERR
LEAX <NONUM,PCR
LDY #80
IDA #STDERR
OS9 I$WRITLN
LBRA OUT
Point to "no error number given" msg
Maximum of 8jJ characters to be printed
Output to the error path
Print the message
And leave !
frfr-A^^SrA^Tfr^rA^A'A'^
* Skip leading zeros *
YESNUM
NOZERO
CMPA #'0
BNE NOZERO
LEAX 1,X
IDA 0,X
BRA YESNUM
STX PRMPTR
CMPA #$0D
BEQ ERR35
Is the next character a zero ??
No, continue with the number!
Else, move past the zero...
Get the next character....
And loop back
Save current place in parameter line
End of command line ??
Yes , "Unknown error" ! !
* Open up the error file *
^HHrATfoV^ W rfr^fr* ^ A * A A A A A & A AA- A ' A - A-k"k"A- A -A"A ,, k' k^c k' k ^cfrf rf cfcic
ERR20
LEAX <ERFILE, PCR
LDA #READ.
OS9 I$OPEN
BCS ERR40
STA I PATH
IDA I PATH
LEAX BUFFER, U
Point to the filename
Open it for read access
Do it!
If error, can't open file!
Else, store path number
Get path number
Point to the buffer area
THE RAINBOW March 1986
LDY #BUFSI2
0S9 ISREADLN
BCS ERR30
PSHS X,Y
LDY PRMPTR
Read in a maximum of "BUFSIZ" bytes
From the file
If error, branch!
Else, save these registers
Point 'Y* at the parameter
* Compare the ASCII Decimal parameter to this error number *
LP1
LP 2
MSG
LDA
Get this byte from parameter
£>ame as rrom me f i
BNE
LP2
No, try again!
LDA
9>*
Get next byte from parameter
CMPA
All done with parameter number??
BNE
LP1
No, continue to loop!
LDA
9,x
Else, check next file line byte
CMPA
#$20
Is this number done??
BEQ
GOTIT
Yes, we found it! !
BRA
LP1
Else, loop back (to fail)
PULS
X,Y
Restore these registers
BRA
ERR20
And try again, with the next line!
*
FCB
$0A
FCC /ERROR #/
k^rk^rkHckricirk 1cA~h"fc*-k'jc/rk1rk* *k •A-krArk-Ark A-k'A k~k k -kirk k k k-Ark-tirk-k "A-A~A-Ark k irk'krk^rA'frk kr ?Wc k
* SUCCESS!! We found it! *
**Vn<r/rtr*r*nfr fr *^^ A-A~A"fr ^^kiv k-k1ck-k-irA-kick~A-k-A~k-A A A A A- A-
GOTIT
WHAT
LEAX
<MSG,PCR
Point to "Error #" msg
LDA
#STDOUT
Output to standard output path
LDY
#8
8 characters
0S9
I$WRITLN
(Write »emt)
BCS
ERR50
If error, leave (got real troubles)!
PULS
X,Y
Restore these registers
0S9
I$WRITLN
And write the line from the file
BCS
ERR50
If error, leave!
BRA
OUT
Else, exit without error
FCB
FCC
/error: unknown error??/
FCB
$0D
* File input has returned an error! End of file ?? *
it- W 'kWt&'k' kWc k^k^ic t rie i^ ^ A-k k~kkrk k irk ^k^^k^cirk^rA-Ark ■k"Ark~ki<rk -A - k ■k-frk'tcJrArk
ERR30
CMPB #E$EOF
BNE ERR50
End of file??
No, troubles! (else, "unknown error")
irkirk'kifk frA^^fr frfr iWHr ^
* "I don't think that I quite understand you!!" *
ERR35
LEAX <WHAT,PCR
LBRA ERR
Point to the "unknown error" msg
And print it!
* "I can't seem to find that file. Is this the correct disk??" *
tef r A m k ' A M k m ick " A -A m k k k kkkA A- k - A A - k rk k ' k A A "A * A - * " A 'j Wi A " A Tfr^
ERR40 LEAX ERROR, PCR
LBRA ERR
OUT CLRB
ERR50 0S9 F$EXIT
SHOD
ERREND EQU *
END
Point to the "can't find error file" msg
And print itt
Return with no error
End this process; return to parent process!
The Universal
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improvement in print-out quality. Oui
new, residue-less, lubricated, dot
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March 1986 THE RAINBOW 225
ACCESSIBLE APPLICATIONS
Firing Up
BASIC09
By Richard A. White
Rainbow Contributing Editor
Last month we prepared a disk
with selected portions of OS-9,
BAS1C09 and RUNB. The intent
was to be able to back up this disk to
provide working disks for each major
programming effort, and one or two
disks that can be a collection of small
projects. Now I will assume you have
done this and, disk in hand, are ready
to get on with it. And cheers to you who
got on with it on your own. Put the disk
in Drive 0 and boot up.
For reasons that will be apparant
later, I suggest you enter both the date
and the time at the prompts — did you
put SETIME in your start-up file? Next
you will see the BASIC09 copyright
notice, BASIC09 on the left margin and
READY below it. You are in BASlC09's
System Mode. There are three modes,
System, Edit and Debug. Commands
available from System let you attend to
housekeeping chores like loading, sav-
Richard White lives in Fairfield, Ohio,
and has a long background with micro-
computers and specializes in BASIC
programming. With Don Dollberg, he
is the co-author of the TIMS database
management program.
ing and other file handling activities as
well as issue commands to OS-9.
Commands can be sent to OS-9 by
typing the dollar sign ($) and following
it with your Shell command. For exam-
ple, $MFREE will report the amount of
free memory. By prefacing your Shell
commands with the dollar sign you can
do anything you might normally do
from OS-9 provided there is enough
memory available. The rub is that there
isn't much free memory when BAS1C09
is resident.
You have some control of memory
usage from the System Mode. Enter
MEM at the prompt and BASIC09 re-
ports the amount of memory available
in its buffer. This is the original buffer
size you requested, less the amount
taken by any resident procedures. Now,
say you want to list a file but there is
not enough free memory to load and
execute LIST. You typed $LIST MY-
F I LE, the disk drive ran, the Error #207
message appeared, and the BAS1C09 and
READY prompts reappeared. If you set
your BASIC09 buffer size at 14K in your
start-up file, you can now reduce the
buffer from BASlC09's System Mode by
typing MEM 12000. This reduces your
buffer size approximately 2,000 bytes,
which should give LIST some elbow
room. MEM 14000 will return those 2K
bytes if you need them later.
Limited memory forces us to keep
our program procedure modules small.
This is good since it forces the creation
of more maintainable programs. Only a
piece of a program is active at any one
time. BASIC09 lets us develop these
pieces separately and keep them on the
disk separately. They are loaded as
needed and can be removed from mem-
ory when not needed to make room for
others. This is even better than PASCAL
where all procedures generally are kept
in the program before the code that calls
them. This also makes it easier to load
and edit some module from another
program that does nearly what we want
rather than starting from scratch.
To reinforce the memory lesson, ii
you don't specify buffer memory when
calling BASIC09, only a 4K buffer is
allocated. Both your program and its
data must fit into the buffer. But, you
can request added memory when you
first call BAS1C09, or you can use MEM
to enlarge the buffer from System Mode
of BASIC09.
4
From System Mode, the DIR com-
mand displays the name, size and var-
iable storage requirements of each
procedure in the buffer or work space
226
THE RAINBOW March 1986
■
More Incredible!
Now there are THREE!
QT20 68020
QTPius 68000
QT 68008
TERMINAL NOT INCLUDED
The QT
The QT family of multi-user, multi-tasking
computers supports from 4 to 20 users.
Currently 9 models are available, ranging in price
from $ 1,595 to $ 8,795. Models are available
with the Motorola 68008, 68000 or the new 32
bit 68020 CPU. CPU speeds range from 8 Mhz
to 16.67 Mhz; RAM size from 128K to 2048K
and ROM from 2K to 256K. All the QT's have
a built in SASI interface and will support any
hard drive. All QT's include OS9/68K, the
multi-user operating system with Basic, utilities,
word processing and spreadsheet programs. The
QT& take up less than one cubic foot of space.
The QT series:
The basic QT has 128K RAM, 68008 CPU, 8
Mhz and will support 4 users and 2 printer ports.
The single floppy version is 'priced at $ 1,595
(Retail $ 2,095) and is field upgradeable to 512K
RAM and 20 Meg hard drive. This system sells
for $ 2,995 (Retail $ 3,595).
The QT Plus series:
This QT has 512K RAM, 68000 CPU, 10 Mhz
and supports 4 users and 2 printer ports. The
single floppy version is priced at $ 2,095 (Retail
$ 2,695) and is field upgradeable to 1024K, 8
serial ports and hard disk. The QT Plus 4 user
system with 512K RAM and 20 Meg hard drive
is priced at $ 3,495 (Retail $ 3,995). The 512K
upgrade costs $ 395 (Retail $ 495).
The QT 20 series:
This QT has 2048K RAM, 68020 CPU, 12.5
Mhz and supports 4 users and 1 printer port.
This system can be expanded to 20 users with
16.67 Mhz. The QT 20 with a 20 Meg hard
drive sells for $ 7,495 (Retail $ 8,795).
QT Price List 1986
CONFIG.
QT 1 Drive
QT 2 Drives
QT 20 Meg HD
QT+ 1 Drive
QT+ 2 Drives
QT+ 20 Meg HD
QT20 20 Meg HD $7,495
OS9/68000 SOFTWARE
Available Now
S culptor $995 ($695 for QT owners)
Microware C $400
Microware Pascal $400 Add 3.50 shipping
DIRECT
RETAIL
$1,595
$2,095
$1,750
$2,295
$2,995
$3,595
$2,095
$2,695
$2,250
$2,895
$3,495
$3,995
$7,495
$8,795
1976
FRANK HOGG
LABORATORY 1986
770 James St., Syracuse, NY 13203 Telex 646740
OS9 is a trademark of Microware Inc.
315/474-7856
What the manual does not say is that
pressing the ENTER key alone does the
same thing. Since we have not yet
started writing a procedure, the work
space should be empty and DIR or
ENTER should return the following on
the screen.
BasicjJ9
Ready
B:
Name Proc-Size Data-Size
13055 free
Ready
Bs
I had asked for 14K of buffer so you
can see that BASIC09 grabs nearly IK for
its own operations. I have been working
on a notepad program. The main mod-
ule is called "notes." This module and
others in the program run two utility
modules called "printat" and "isupper,"
which are loaded with "notes." Now
when I press ENTER, I get this display.
Ready
B:
Name Proc-Size Data -Size
notes 1134 5038
printat 82 22
*isupper 317 54
11537 free
Ready
B:
The free memory has been reduced by
the amount of memory used for the
procedures. The data sizes are reported,
but data space has not been allocated at
this point. However, there is obviously
plenty of space left for the data. The
asterisk points to the last active proce-
dure. In this case, "isupper" was the last
procedure loaded, so it was active last.
If I request only a 4K byte buffer, there
will be space for the procedures, but not
for the data and BASIC09 will display the
following.
MEM 4000
Ready
B:
Name Proc-Size Data -Size
notes 1134 5038?
printat 82 22
*isupper 317 54
1297 free
Ready
B;
BASIC09 knows that there is not
enough memory to run "notes" and
flags the fact with a question mark
following the data size.
With BASIC09, you will get to know
and love the friendly asterisk. Think of
it as meaning all or all the way, depend-
ing on the context in which it is used.
It is particularly useful when saving,
killing and packing programs with a
number of modules in the work space.
If I type SAVE NOTES the procedure
"notes" will be saved to a file on disk
named "notes." If I type SAVE* NOTES,
the procedures "notes," "printat" and
"isupper" will all be saved to one file on
disk named "notes." The next time I
load notes, all three procedures will be
loaded.
Procedures are written and edited in
the Edit Mode. Type EDIT, or E, and the
"To reinforce the
memory lesson, if you
don't specify buffer
memory when calling
BASIC09, only a 4K
buffer is allocated."
procedure name and you will be in Edit.
Lowercase works as well, and I usually
stay in lowercase.
Color BASIC gives you the capability
to start printing anywhere on the screen
with PRINTS. BASIC09 lacks PRINTS, but
has a way to position the cursor at a
particular column and row. It's a tad
awkward, so I put the code to do this
in a short utility named "printat." For
tutorial purposes it is an excellent first
program, for it is both simple and will
be continually usable as you program in
SERIAL TO PARALLEL
PRINTER INTERFACE
SP-2 INTERFACE for EPSON PRINTERS:
■ 300-19,200 BAUD rates
■ Fits inside printer — No AC Plugs
■ Optional external switch ( $ 5°° extra) frees
parallel port for use with other computers
■ $ 49 95 (plus *3°° shipping)
SP-3 INTERFACE for MOST OTHER PRINTERS:
■ 300-19,200 BAUD rates
■ External to printer — No AC Plugs
■ Built in modem /printer switch — no need for
Y-cables or plugging/unplugging cables
■ $ 64 95 (plus *3°° shipping)
Both also available for IBM, RS-232 and Apple IIC computers.
DISK DRIVE SYSTEMS
ALL Vi HEIGHT DOUBLE SIDED
Drive 0 (addressed as 2 drives!) $ 235
Drive 0,1 (addressed as 4 drives!) *350
All above complete with HDS controller, cable, & drive
in case with power supply
Bare Double Sided Drives * 1 09
Dual Vi Height Case w/Power Supply , *49
Double Sided Adapter *25
HDS Controller, RS ROM & Instructions , *l 19
25 CDC DS/DD Diskettes *32 & $ 3 s/h
We use the HDS controller exclusively. Can use 2 different DOS ROM's.
Shipping Costs: *5/drive or power supply, *I0 max.
Co Co Serial Cables 15 ft — *I0. Co Co/RS-232 Cables i5 ft.— $20.
Other cables on request. (Add $ 3 00 shipping)
P.O. Box 293
Raritan, NJ 08869
(201) 722-1055
1% ENGINEERING DEALER INQUIRIES INVITED!
228 THE RAINBOW March 1986
THE SCULPTOR SYSTEM
Sculptor combines a powerful fourth generation
langauge with an efficient database management
system. Programmers currently using traditional
languages such as Basic and Cobol will be amazed at
what Sculptor does to their productivity. With
Sculptor you'll find that what used to take a week can
be achieved in just a few hours.
SCULPTOR INDEPENDENCE
Sculptor is available on many different machines and
for most operating systems, including OS9 6809 Level
II and OS9/68000, MS DOS, Unix/Xenix and VMS.
The extensive list of supported hardware ranges from
small personal computers, through multi-user micros
like the QT, up to large minis and mainframes.
Sculptor is constantly being ported to new systems.
APPLICATION PORTABILITY
Mobility of software between different environments
is one of Sculptor's major advantages. You can
develop applications on a stand-alone PC or the new
Level II CoCo and - without any alterations to the
programs - run them on a large multi-user system like
the QT. For software writers this means that their
products can reach a wider marketplace than ever
before.
FHL CHOOSES SCULPTOR
We choose Sculptor for the development of 'Mint',
our Dental Office Management system because we did
not want to restrict our market for it and because
Sculptor is fast and easy to use. We started
development in 1983 and since then Sculptor has gone
thru constant improvement and is now running on a
very wide array of computers. We are very pleased
with Sculptor and intend to stay with it from now on.
I LIKED IT SO MUCH I BOUGHT
THE COMPANY!
That f s what the ad says for the popular razor. I did
like it that much but they wouldn't sell, so we did the
next best thing. We became the distributor for Sculptor
in the US. Because we use it each and every day we
were the natural choice. Everyone who has bought
Sculptor from us likes it, and even more important
they all use it. How many languages do you have on
the shelf that you no longer use? Sculptor is the ONLY
language I use for applications, make it yours today.
THE BOTTOM LINE
OS9 Level II 6809 and OS9/68000 $995.00 *
MS-DOS (PC-DOS and compatibles) $595.00
Call for prices on larger minis and mainframes.
* QT versions of Sculptor are only $695.00
NOTE: New Level II CoCo Owners: At this writing
the new CoCo does not exist, however we are of the
opinion that Sculptor will run on this new machine.
Call us after it does exist for confirmation of Sculptor
operation.
ni| mm frank hogg
1976 |hU| LABORATORY 1986
770 James St., Syracuse, New York 13203 Telex 646740
315/474-7856
BASIC09. It is called with this line in a
BASIC09 procedure.
RUN printat (col , row)
To write "printat," we enter the Edit
Mode and proceed to type it in. Here
is what your screen will show. The E: is
the Edit Mode prompt. *
Ready
B:e printat
PROCEDURE printat
E:
Edit Mode is a line-oriented text
editor. Compared to a screen-oriented
editor like TSEDIT, Telewriter or
DynaStar, line editors leave much to be
desired. Still, BASlC09's editor has cer-
tain advantages that make it the pref-
erable editor for entering BASIC09 pro-
grams. First, it checks the syntax of
each line as it's entered. Next, when you
leave the Edit Mode, a check is made
for other types of programming errors,
for example, incomplete control struc-
tures such as FOR without a NEXT.
Finally, it is able to deal with line
numbers or do without them. There are
19 editor commands. I will discuss only
a few.
A line of text is preceded by a space.
This is perhaps the hardest thing to
remember since it is different from most
other word processors you may be more
familiar with. The editor tries to inter-
pret a non-space character immediately
after the E: prompt as a command
character. An asterisk immediately
following a command character means
all or go all the way. If the plus sign (+)
means move forward one line, +10
means move forward 10 lines and +*
means go to the end of the program. An
ENTER alone moves you forward one
line. The minus sign (-) moves you
backward in the program, -10 means go
back 10 lines and -* means go back to
the beginning.
There are commands: to change, c;
delete, d; list, 1; renumber, r; and s
(search for a string). These apply to the
current line or the next occurrence of a
string in a change or search command,
except when followed by the asterisk
mearing all. Of these commands, only
LIST can be followed by a number
meaning the number of lines forward to
be listed.
The change command is a single-line,
text substitution editor. You follow the
'c' with a delimiter character such as a
slash, comma or period. You choose the
delimiter so it is different from any
character in the original text string or
the substituting text string. Next comes
the original text string, another delim-
iter character (it must be the same
character as the first delimiter) and the
text string to be substituted. A final
delimiter is optional. You cannot
change a line number with the 'c' com-
mand. That is what V is for.
The most important command is 'q\
which allows you to quit editing and
return to System Mode. But be warned:
quiting is not always graceful. Here is
where errors that are non-syntax in
origin are reported, sometimes at great
length. Don't worry if some get lost off
the screen. From System Mode you can
list your procedure to the printer and all
the errors are printed at the end of the
listing. Just another service from
friendly BASIC09.
The operation of all these commands
is well-covered in the BAS1C09 manual.
Read it and practice.
Following is the entire "printat"
procedure.
The numbers in the left column are
the number of bytes from the start of the
procedure file to the start of each line
in Hex. If you enter your program in
lowercase, BASIC09 will change all
BAS1C09 keywords to capitals and leave
variables and procedure names in low-
ercase. BAS1C09 does some other text
formatting to improve readability,
including automatic indenting and
removal of unnecessary spaces and
parentheses.
A PAR AM statement is a special type
of dimension statement that defines
variables to which values will be passed
by the calling procedure. In this case,
integers for the column and row posi-
tion of the cursor will be sent. The
ability to pass various types of data to
and from a procedure makes modular
programming possible.
PROCEDURE printat
0000 PARAM col, row: INTEGER
000B PRINT CHR$(2); CHR$ (col+32) ; CHR$(row+32) ;
0021 END
230
TRS-80 COLOR COMPUTER USERS NEWSPAPER
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P 0 BOX 13124 HOUSTON, TEXAS 77219
J
THE RAINBOW
March 1986
f
DynaStar
DynaStar is our most popular word processor for OS9.
DynaStar works with O-Pak and WordPak I and II. DynaStar
will also work with Level II OS9, which means that an
upgrade will be available for the new CoCo that runs Level
II OS9. DynaForm, the text formatting part of DynaStar
has Mail-Merge, an extra cost option on other word
processors.
A terrific buy at ONLY $49.95 each.
Add $3.50 shipping
r
O-Pak
The first OS9 product and still our most popular!
NEW!!! COMPLETE SOURCE for O-Pak now
available!!! (In C and assembler)
For those of you who always wanted to know how we did it,
here is your chance. The complete source for O-Pak is now
available for only $70.00. Of course, you have to show
that you own a copy of O-Pak to get it, or buy both O-Tak
and Source for ONLY $100.00.
As always O-Pak is ONLY $34.95.
Add $3.50 shipping
Word-Pak II and UVD
If you are not using a Word-Pak II, you must be going
blind by now. Word-Pak II gives you a true 80 column
display like the 'big boys' have. The price includes the
Basic software but the OS9 software is 17.95 extra. Get
your Word-Pak II today ONLY $134.95.
To use the full potential of the Word-Pak II you will need a
video driver. UVD is the best we have seen because it
works with all versions of the CoCo and requires NO
soldering! ONLY $29.95
Add $3.50 shipping
Disk Drives for your CoCo
You can buy cheaper drives for your CoCo but you can't buy
better! Even Tandy sells cheaper drives than we do. We
don't want to lower our standards so we still sell the best
drive for your money. We only sell double sided drives in
the best case we could find with a power supply that won't
quit. We use the best controller on the market (The new
J&M) the best drives (Teac) and our case.
All drives are 1/2 height, double sided and our cases will
hold two drives.
Drive 0 DS 40 $339.00 add $120 for drive 1.
Drive 0 DS 80 $349.00 add $130 for drive 1.
SPECIAL Now our drive 0 systems include BOTH RS DOS
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RS Disk Basic ROM Id $20.00 Call for bare drive and
custom cable prices.
Add $5.00 shipping
Cross Assemblers
Create 68000 code on your CoCo!!
At these prices it would be worth it just for the 68000
alone, but we also give you the ability to work with the
1802/5, 6800/01/11/03, 6804, 6805, 6809, 6502/3,
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we give you the COMPLETE SOURCE too! (In C)
All this for ONLY $200.00! Whew!
Add $3.50 shipping
r
Brian Lantz's UniCharger
With UniCharger on you system you will think that you're
running Unix. UniCharger adds 29 commands to your basic
system that really makes it shine. This is Brian Lantz's
first major project for OS9 and it showed the rest of us what
he can do. Turn your computer into a real powerhouse with
UniCharger. ONLY $150.00 and worth it!
Add $3.50 shipping^
Utilix by Harry Fair
Harry was deeply involved in the development of ABasic
and has done considerable work behind the scenes for OS9.
Now we have Utilix, 15 utilities that work like their Unix
counterparts, cat, code, crypt, diff, display, grep, lower,
upper, pack, unpack, pr, sort, tail, time, and wc. All these
for ONLY $49.95! 'diff alone is worth the price!
V. Add $3.50 shipping M
r
SDisk & Bootfix
Replace your Tandy disk driver module with one that works
with all drives. You can change individual step rates to 6ms
and even use standard OS 9 format. A must for double sided
drive users. Includes its own format command. ONLY
$29.95, $35.95 with Bootfix. (for booting from double
sided drives)
Add $3.50 shipping
r
OS9 BOOKS
OS9 is a trademark of Microwari Sue.
Complete Rainbow Guide to OS-9 $18.95
Basic09 Tour Guide $18.95
Official OS9 Manual Set $40.00
Find out what Tandy left out.
RMA Manual $25.00
Use the relocating assembler that you get with Tandy's £
. , Add $3.50 shipping
1976
FRANK HOGG
LABORATORY
1986
770 James St., Syracuse, NY 13203 Telex 646740
315/474-7856
)
The DS-69A is the best video digitizer available for your COCO at any price. This new, turbocharged version of our
original DS-69 Digisector allows your 64K COCO to see clearly into the world of any television picture.
SPEED! The fastest — 8 images per second!
PRECISION! The highest — 64 levels of true grey scale!
RESOLUTION! The finest — 256 x 256 picture elements!
Compabitibility Use with a black and white or color camera, a VCR or tuner.
Compactness Self contained in a plug in Rompack.
Convenience Use with a Y-cable, Multi-Pak, PBJ Bus or plug directly into the cartridge slot.
Ease of Use Software on disk will get you up and running fast!
POWERFUL C-SEE™ SOFTWARE
C-SEE is the menu driven software package included with your DS-69A. Available on disk or cassette, it provides
lightning fast 5 level digitizing to the screen, high precision 16 level digitizing for superb hard copy printout and
simple keyboard or joystick control of brightness and contrast. Or call our driver routines from your own Basic
program for easy 64 level random access digitizing. Pictures taken by the DS— 69A may be saved on disk or
cassette by C-SEE and then edited with COCO MAX, MAGIGRAPH or GRAPHICOM for special effects. Any of the
popular printers may be used to obtain printouts of images digitized by the DS-69A.
ONE YEAR WARRANTY
DS-69A Digisector & C-SEE III Software $149.95
ORyourDS-69& $ 59.95
MAGIGRAPH Graphics Editor on disk $ 39.95
TM
DS-69 DIGISECTOR
THERE'S ONLY ONE BETTER VIDEO DIGITIZER . . .
And that's the DS-69A. The DS-69 is The Micro Works' original video digitizer, tried and true since 1984. It provides
almost all the features of the DS-69A and is now available at a new low price. The DS69 features;
SLUGGISHNESS 2 images per second. Quick enough to freeze all but the fastest moving pictures.
IMCOMPATIBILITY Brightly colored scenes may be striped when using a color camera.
INCONVENIENCE Will not work with a Y cable.
Otherwise, it's a DS-69A. Precision, resolution, compactness, ease of use, software and warranty.
Except one last thing.
DS-69 Digisector & C-SEE III Software $ 99.95
Superb image quality produced by both Digisectors.
Screen
Screen
Printout
NO RISK GUARANTEE
If you are not completely satisfied with the performance of. your new DS-69A or DS-6
you may return it, undamaged, within ten days for a full refund of the purchase price
We'll even pay the return shipping. If you can get any of our competitors to give you
the same guarantee, buy both and return the one you don't like. We know which on€
you'll keep.
Terms: Visa, Mastercard, Check or C.O.D.
P.O. Box 1110 Del Mar, CA 92014 (619) 942-240
Purveyors of Fine Video Digitizers Since 1977.
dird Triad
STOPS
competition!
X
In BASIC09, if a simple string or
numeric variable is used without being
declared in some way, the variable will
be automatically dimensioned with a
default size. A string will be set to 32
characters, while a number will be real
(floating point decimal). These defaults
will seldom be the ideal. Integer and
byte variables take less memory, run
faster and can be used in most cases. A
string may be as short as one character
to get a *y' or 4 n' response, or can be
thousands of bytes long to form a buffer
into which characters are poked. Al-
ways declare your variables with DIM
or PARAM.
OS-9 makes available a number of
control codes to manage the alpha and
graphics screens. These codes are sum-
marized on Page 131 of your red OS-
9 commands manual. BASIC09 uses them
by printing them to the standard out-
put. OS-9 intercepts them and routes
them for action. The code "02" initiates
the position alpha cursor operation,
which is followed by two values, one for
the column across the screen plus 32 and
the other for the row down plus 32. The
screen starts at Column 0, Row 0. An
ending semicolon (;) holds the cursor at
the selected location and END sends
control back to the calling procedure.
The procedure "isupper" is designed
to convert lowercase letters in a string
to uppercase. One use is to convert
menu and prompt response characters
so you need only test for uppercase
characters.
PROCEDURE
9999
999*
99n
JJ01E
99^
99*6
mi
99*z
99W
W«
995?
W7k
999*.
PJJ9E
(JJJAA
??B6
99CI
99C*
9907
JJJ7C8
99W
isupper
DIM count , line_length : INTEGER
PARAM answer: STRING [25]
DIM ascii : INTEGER
DIM char: STRING [1]
DIM work_string: STRING [25]
count : -1
Iine_length : -LEN(answer )
work_string : "
WHILE count<line_length+l DO
ascli : -ASC (MID5 (ansver , count , 1) )
IF ascii<96 THEN
char :-CHRS (ascii)
vork_string:-vork_string+char
count : »count+l
ELSE
char : -CHR5 (ascii- 32)
work_s cr ing : -work_s tr ing+char
count : -count+1
ENDIF
ENDWHILE
answer : -wor k_s tr ing
END
All "isupper" variables are DIMen-
sioned at the start of the procedure. The
contents of the string variable "answer"
will be supplied by the calling procedure
so it is dimensioned using the keyword
PARAM. All other variables are local
to "isupper" and are dimensioned using
the keyword DIM. A number of vari-
ables of the same type may be included
in a single DIM statement as long as
they are separated by commas. Varia-
bles "count" and "line_length" are in
the same statement and "ascii" could
have been added as well. String varia-
bles "char" and "work_string" require
different dimensioning statements since
their lengths are different.
Variables declared with DIM are
local to the procedure where they are
declared. This means you can use the
same variable name in another proce-
dure to mean something entirely differ-
ent. Compare this to Color BASIC where
variables are global and have a single
meaning anywhere in the program.
You can write an assignment state-
ment four ways. The forms "LET
count=l", "LET count:=l", "count=l"
and "count:=l" will all work. The last,
"count:=l," models PASCAL syntax and
is preferred.
After the variables are declared they
must be initialized. Variable declaration
sets aside memory space for the varia-
ble, but does not change what is in that
memory space, which could be any-
thing. This also is different from Color
BASIC where all numeric variables are
initialized to zero and all strings are set
to null when a program is first run. So,
the statement "work_string:=""" is vital
if "isupper" is to function.
FOR TO. . . NEXT is the only loop
control statement in Color BASIC.
BASIC09 provides four plus a special
form of IF/THEN (EXITIF...THE
N...ELSE...ENDEXIT) to escape from
a loop. I choose to use the WHILE
...DO.. .ENDWHILE in "isupper"
though I could have used any of
the looping control structures.
WHILE. ..DO makes a test at the very
beginning and does the code in the loop
only if the test proves "true." If
"isupper" is sent a null string, and
line_length=0, the program jumps over
the WHILE.. .DO and returns "answer"
unchanged to the calling procedure.
This avoids an error in the statement
ascii:=ASC(MID$(answer ,count,l)).
The contents of "ascii" will be the
ASCII value of a character from the
"answer" string. If this value is less than
96, the character must be a non-
lowercase character and can be added
directly to "work_string." If the charac-
ter is lowercase, 32 is subtracted from
its ASCII value yielding the ASCII
STOP & COMPARE!
WORD TRIAD 3 IN 1
1). POWERFUL WORD PROCESSOR
Four (4) Screens: 32x16, 51x24, 64x24, 85x24
Written in High Performance, Powerful
Machine code
Available in I6K, 32K, 64 Versions
Extended BASIC is NOT Required!
"RAM DISC" extra text storage
Loads in single load, does not occupy disk
Menu-driven disk & cassette I/O
Over 100 Support Function Keys
Full Screen cursor control with auto
repeat keys
Compatible with ANY Printer
Able to insert Control Codes
5 separate printing modes
Auto Double column printing
Baud rate up to 9,600 baud
Each key depression produces a sound,
so you just type
"Typewriter mode" saves paper
"Programmable word/phrase" saves time
Displays underlined words on Screen
True lower & upper case characters —
true descenders
Perfect margin justification
Auto centering — page numbering
NO hardware modifications needed
Select lines per page — force new page
Three (3) Search modes
Recall accidental deletions
Block copy & Block move
Page forward & Backward in memory
"Margin Offset" allows any number of
letters pecified — artwork/text combined
together.
Complete 66 page manual included
: 21. CONVENIENT TERMINAL PROGRAM
Select Host or terminal mode
Upload or Download Programs
Talk mode, open/close buffer, auto
open/auto close buffer
Send control letters, block control codes
Use buffer for complete editing
Send contents of buffer to printer
3). HELPFUL UTILITIES PROGRAM
Load any program into buffer for
examination or changes
Edit or examine ANY high level language,
such as BASIC
Allowed to view ALL the Computer's
memory
Language function key to help make writing
high level language easier
"RAM TEST," a complete memory
diagnostic program
WORD
TR1AO
(TMI
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
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Yes
Yes
Yes
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Yes
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B*ANt
WORD TRIAD
TM RAINBOW
1) , Disk version has ALL Options
Suggested Retail Price (S.R.P.) $59.95
Special INTROductory price — NOW ONLY $44.95
2) . 32/64K cassette tape version
all options except disk (S.R.P.) $49.95
Special INTROductory price — NOW ONLY $34.95
3) . 16K cassette tape version — memory
limitations do not allow for Hi-Res Screens,
double column
print/RAM DISC (S.R.P.) $39.95
Special INTROductory price — NOW ONLY $24.95
Extra Special Bonus offer: We pay ALL postage,
shipping & handling charges plus any applicable
taxes,
WORD TRIAD is Published by: Lewis & Clark
Software
To order, send check or money order to:
Distributed by: COST PLUS ELECTRONICS
P. O. Box 6467 — 301 S. Staples St.
Corpus Christi, Texas 78411
(512) 881-9540
For Visa and MasterCard orders only please call
Nationwide Toll Free 1-800-821-0728
or in TEXAS 1-800-292-5619
Write for free brochure — dealer and distributor
inquiries welcome
March 1986 THE RAINBOW 233
m n
fi
RAINBOWfest is the
only computer show
exclusively dedi-
cated to your Tandy Color
Computer. Nowhere else
will you see as many pro-
ducts, have access to the
top experts, or be able to
attend free seminars. It's the
next best thing to receiving
the latest issue of the rain-
bow in your mailbox!
Every RAINBOWfest fea-
tures many delightful sur-
prises. It's a great opportu-
nity for commercial pro-
grammers to show off new
and innovative products for
the first time. You get the
jump on new capabilities for
your CoCo. In exhibit after
exhibit, there are demon-
strations, opportunities to
experiment with software
and hardware, and special
RAINBOWfest prices.
(Si ■
Show Schedule:
Friday evening
— Exhibits open from 7 p.m. to 10 p.m.
Saturday
— CoCo Community Breakfast at 8 a.m.
— Exhibits open at 10 a.m. and close at 6 p.
Sunday
— Exhibits open from 11 a.m. to 4 p.m.
/
You can set your own
pace between visiting ex-
hibits and attending the val-
uable, free seminars on all
aspects of your CoCo —
from improving basic skills
to working with the sophis-
ticated OS-9 operating sys-
tem.
Many of the people who
write for the rainbow — as
well as those who are writ-
ten about — are there to
s
\
X XXXAXAA
meet you and answer your
questions. You'll also meet
lots of other people, just like
you, who share your inter-
est in the Color Computer.
It's a person-to-person
event, as well as a tremen-
dous learning experience,
in a fun and relaxed atmos-
phere.
To make it easier for you
to participate, we schedule
RAINBOWfests in three
parts of the country. If you
missed the fun in Palo Alto,
California, why don't you
make plans nowto join us in
Chicago? For members of
the family who don't share
your affinity for CoCo,
you'll be comfortable know-
ing that RAINBOWfest is
located in an area with
many other attractions.
vvvv
The Hyatt Regency-
Woodfield offers special
rates ($60, single or double
room) for RAINBOWfest.
The show opens Friday eve-
ning with a session from 7
p.m. to 10 p.m. It's a
daytime-only show Satur-
day — the CoCo Commu-
nity Breakfast (separate
tickets required) is at 8 a.m.,
then the exhibit hall opens
promptly at 10a.m. and runs
until 6 p.m. There will be no
exhibition hours or semi-
nars Saturday evening. On
Sunday the exhibit hall
opens at 11 a.m. and closes
at 4 p.m.
Tickets for RAINBOWfest
may be obtained directly
from THE rainbow. We'll
also send you a special
reservation form so you can
get your special room rate.
Come to RAINBOWfest!
, . , V \ ttIW Your admis-
l^SM^ST sion to RAIN-
BOWfest also entitles you to
visit -PCMfest! It's a show
focusing on Tandy's new
generation of computers —
the Tandy 1000, 1200, 2000
and 3000 MS-DOS compu-
ters, and the Tandy 1 00, 200
and 600 portables.
PCMfest is sponsored by
our sister publication, PCM,
The Personal Computer
Magazine for Tandy Com-
puter Users. The show will
be in the same location as
RAINBOWfest and the ex-
hibit hours will be exactly
the same. If you use one of
the newer Tandy compu-
ters, don't miss it.
Join us at a tuture RAINBOWfest!
RAINBOWfest - Princeton, N.J. Rooms: $79 per night, single or double
Dates: Oct. 17-19, 1986 Advance Ticket Deadline: Oct. 10, 1986
Hotel: Hyatt Regency-Princeton
FREE T-Shiri to first five ticket orders received from each state.
FREE RAINBOW posterior first 500 ticket orders received.
YES, I'm coming to Chicago! I want to save by buying tickets now at the special advance sale price.
Breakfast tickets require advance reservations.
Please send me:
Three-day tickets at $9 each total
One-day tickets at $7 each total
Circle one: Friday Saturday Sunday
Saturday CoCo Breakfast at $12 each total
Handling Charge $1
TOTAL ENCLOSED
(U.S. Currency Only, Please)
□ Also send me a hotel reservation card for the Hyatt
Regency-Woodfield ($60, single or double room).
$1.00
Name (please print)
Address
City
State
Telephone
Company ,
ZIP
□ Payment Enclosed, or Charge to:
□ VISA □ MasterCard □ American Express
Account Number
Exp. Date
Signature
Make checks payable to: The RAINBOW. Mail to: RAINBOWfest, The Falsoft Building, 9509 U.S. Highway 42, P.O. Box 385, Prospect,
KY 40059. To make reservations by phone, call: (502) 228-4492.
Advance ticket deadline: May 16, 1986. Orders received less than two weeks prior to show opening will be held for you at the door. Tickets will
also be available at the door at a slightly higher price. Tickets will be mailed six weeks prior to show. Children 4 and under, free; over 4, full
price.
value of its uppercase equivalent. The
character having this value is found and
added to "work_string."
Each control structure has a unique
END word. This is because these struc-
tures may span many lines of code and
BASIC09 has no other way of knowing
what belongs with the control structure
and what does not. Color basic is no
different. Each FOR must have a NEXT,
which may be many lines down. IF
. . .THEN. . .ELSE must be on a single
"OS -9 makes available
a number of control
codes to manage the
alpha and graphics
screens* These codes
are summarized on
Page 131 of your red
OS -9 commands man-
ual. 99
line so the next line number gives Color
BASIC the structure termination infor-
mation it needs. In "isupper" ENDIF
terminates the IF ... THEN ... ELSE
structure. The following ENDWHILE
does the same for WHILE. ..DO, send-
ing the program to the test in the
WHILE.. .DO. If the test is false, control
goes to the line following ENDWHILE.
This line, answer:=work_string, as-
signs an all uppercase string to
"answer," which returns it to the calling
procedure. The END is optional, but is
good programming practice making the
procedure more readable.
You.can run "printat" and "isupper"
from basiC09's System Mode, but you
will not fully see what they do. A better
way is to write a short procedure that
uses each and demonstrates what they
do, as the following "demo" procedure
does.
PROCEDURE
demo
DIM temp$: STRING [1]
DIM answer: STRING [25]
Wis
REPEAT
?01B
PRINT CHR$(12)
vm
PRINT
PP22
PRINT "Enter string."
0033
PRINT
0035
GET #0, answer
003E
RUN isupper(answer)
0048
RUN printat(2,10)
0053
PRINT answer
0058
RUN printat(2,12)
0063
PRINT "Enter another? y/n
0079
RUN printat (2,14)
0084
GET #0,temp$
008 D
008 E
RUN isupper(temp$)
0098
UNTIL temp$-"N"
00A4
END
The procedure "demo" uses only two
variables that are both dimensioned
with DIM statements. The variable
"temp" is one character long and is used
to get single key responses from the
keyboard. String variable "answer" can
take up to 25 characters from the key-
board.
A REPEAT. .UNTIL loop makes its
test at the end of the loop, so its code
will always be executed at least once. It
is an excellent control structure where
you want to repeat until the user indi-
cates "quit" with a particular keystroke.
Printing CHR$ ( 12 ) clears the screen.
This is the same as CLS in Color BASIC.
"GET #0, answer" gets characters
from the keyboard, path #0, and puts
them into the variable "answer" until its
25-character limit is reached or until it
sees a carriage return (ENTER).
The procedure "isupper" is run with
the string "answer" supplied as a pa-
rameter. It converts the string to all
uppercase and returns the string in the
variable "answer," which is printed to
prove the fact to you. Notice the use of
"printat" to position the cursor on the
screen. Actual numbers are used as
parameters, but these could have been
integer-type variables.
Finally, the user is asked if he wishes
to enter another string. Since a single
character response is needed, the one
character string variable "temp$" is
used in the GET statement, eliminating
the need for the user to type both the
character and an enter. The statement
"RUN isupper(temp$)" does any
needed case conversion. If temp$="N",
the test after UNTIL is true and the
procedure ends. Note that when testing
for equality, temp$="N", only the equal
sign is used, the colon-equal symbol (:=)
is reserved for assignment statements
only.
We have covered a little about a lot
of things in this article. We have seen
part of the operation of the System and
Edit modes. I have also given you two
useful procedures and a program to
demonstrate them to get you some
hands-on programming. I have passed
right by some things I don't use as
much, if at all. We will pick some of
these up in later columns.
Our last bit of business is how to
depart BAS1C09 from the System Mode.
Type bye and press the enter key ^
ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE PROGRAMMING for the TRS-80 COLOR COMPUTER
At last • The book exclusively for you and your CoCo !!
YouWe learned BASIC and are now ready to learn assembly
language programming. This hands-on guide begins with the
basics and progresses to the expert level; revealing
programming conventions and techniques and all the
internal capabilities of the TDP-100, CoCo 1 and 2. At
every step of the way are illustrations, sample programs,
and plain English explanations. All sample programs are
shown as assembled with Radio Shack's EDTASM+ cartridge.
Plus, a complete chapter explains how to use all EDTASM+
capabilities. This book describes how to write
subroutines, interrupt handlers, programs that control
the graphics display modes, cassette, disk, keyboard,
sound, joysticks, serial I/O, interrupts, and use of ROM
resident subroutines. Not only is the MC6809E
microprocessor described, but also the video display
generator peripheral interface adapters (PIA), and
how they all work together. This book is suitable as a
high school or college textbook.
CHAPTERS : The Binary Number System Memory and Data
Representation - Introduction to MC6809E Microprocessor -
Addressing Modes of the MC6809E - MC6809E Instruction
Set - Assembly Language Programming with EDTASM+ -
Assembly Language Programming - Assembly Language and
Extended Color BASIC - Internal Control and Graphics -
Technical Detai Is.
289 pages TRS-80 & EDTASM+ are
soft cover trademarks of Tandy Corp
$16.00 U.S. plus $1.50 shipping. Check or money order -
RI residents please add 6% sales tax. Volume discounts
are avai lable.
Published and TEPC0
sold by 30 Water Street
Portsmouth s RI 02871
236 THE RAINBOW March 1986
BARDEN'S BUFFER
Listening to
Your CoCo with
Assembly Language
By William Barden, Jr.
Rainbow Contributing Editor
ne of the nice things about as-
sembly language is that it gives
you access to parts of the com-
puter that just can't be handled through
BASIC. Take sound effects and music,
for example. Sure, you can use SOUND
in Extended BASIC to sound a tone for
a certain length of time. You can also
use the PLRY command in Extended
BASIC to play musical notes. However,
with BASIC you are limited to these
short, simple tones. Assembly language,
on the other hand, allows you to create
a variety of complex sounds. Want a car
crash, a phaser blast, or the sound of an
Apple He being dropped from the top
floor of One Tandy Center? Assembly
language is the only way to go. Would
Bill Barden has written 27 books and
over 100 magazine articles on various
computer topics. His 20 years expe-
rience in the industry covers a wide
background: programming, systems
analyzing and managing projects rang-
ing from mainframes to microcompu-
ters.
you believe that these sounds are al-
ready programmed into your CoCo? I'll
show you how to unleash the CoCo's
sounds in this column. Actually, there'll
be two major themes this month. First,
we discuss assembly language sounds.
Secondly, I'll show you how to plan and
use a Sound program, for those of you
who are still a little shaky about using
EDTASM+ or Disk EDTASM. As I
mentioned last month, you OS-9 users
can still benefit from the column, but
the examples will be in EDTASM
format.
Color Computer Sounds
Sounds on the Color Computer are
generated quite differently from sounds
on the Tandy 1000 or other systems.
Many other systems contain a sound
synthesizer chip. This is an integrated
circuit similar in appearance to many of
the chips you'll see inside the CoCo.
Internally, though, a sound synthesizer
chip contains logic to generate square
waves or sine waves and to create
different envelopes that determine the
wave shape.
The Color Computer does not use a
sound synthesizer chip. Instead, it
creates sounds by electronic logic that
makes up a digital-to-analog converter.
I'll call this logic a DAC for short. The
CoCo DAC is a "six-bit" DAC, meaning
that it will convert a digital value of zero
through 63 into 64 different voltage
levels. The CoCo DAC uses the upper
six bits of a byte in the conversion. Here
are the results we'll get with a range of
values:
Digital Value Voltage Output
00000000
00000100
00001000
00001100
00010000
00010100
00011000
.23 volts
.30
.37
.44
.52
.59
.66
11111000
11111100
4.69
4.76
March 1986 THE RAINBOW 237
r
As Produced by
Electronic Devices
As Produced by
Color Computer
64
56
48
40
32
24
16
8
0
Figure 1: Sine Waves
ADOS
ENHANCED, EPROM-ABLE
DISK BASIC
Now, you can supercharge Basic with an impressive array of extra features
WITHOUT sacrificing compatibility! ADOS is compatible with virtually 100% of
commercial software. Customizing utilities are provided to allow user-defined
command abbreviations, baud rate, step rate, tracks per disk (35 or 40), support of
double-sided drives, and more. After customizing AOOS, you can have It burned into
an EPROM that plugs into the Oisk Basic ROM socket, or just use it in RAM as a 64K
disk utility. (EPROM + burning will cost about $20-we provide information
concerning how you can have this done.) Features include: • repeat and edit of the
last direct-mode command • 26 definable control-key abbreviations • automatic line-
number prompts • DOS command * lowercase command entry (a fine complement to
a Lowerkit or PBJ WordPak) • COPY (filename) to (drive number) • AE error override
option • RAM command (64K) • RUNM command • text acholng to printer • ML
monitor • text file scan • enhanced directory • error trapping • hl-res text utility
included (42, 51, or 64 characters per line)
"I COULD NOT FIND ANY SOFTWARE THAT WOULD NOT RUN UNDER ADOS."
THE RAINBOW, December 1984
'7 LOVEADOSI ...A GENUINELY FIRST RATE PRODUCT"
Color Micro Journal, February 1985
"I WON'T PART WITH MY ADOS EPROM FOR ANYTHING ...NO COMPATIBILITY
PROBLEMS."
Hot CoCo,May 1965
Disk . $27.95
THE PEEPER
ML PROGRAM TRACER
Monitor machine-language programs AS THEY ARE RUNNING! Peeper actually
timeshares with the target program, giving FULL CONTROL as ML programs run.
Switch instantly between watching regular program output and Peeper's trace of
registers and stack on screen or printer. Inspect memory In any of 26 display modes.
Execution speed can be varied from fuit speed to the barest crawl, or halted entirely,
as programs run. Single-stepping, breakpoints, memory or register examine/change.
Relocatable, supports 64K use. (16K required) See February '85 review.
Disk . . . $23.95 Tape . . . $21.95 Assembler source listing . , . Add 3.00
THE NEXT BEST THING TO
DISK DRIVE
Fastape allows cassette I/O at 3000 baud-TWICE NORMAL SPEED. It uses the high-
speed (POKE 65495,0) mode, and makes it convenient to stay In this mode
throughout. Features automatic adjustment of cassette and printer parameters when
speed mode is changed. Control-key functions for many Basic commands and for
changing speed modes. Compatible with all file types, and can be used with
Telewriter 64 and many other tape utilities. (16K required) See July '83 review.
-Tm . . . feMU til. ■ | HEW OHCaUNT P*ICEI|
\ — 11111 N. Kendall Drive,
SP E CTR OS YSTE MS? ^^Ar- Suite *ioe
v •^Z—* — Z. Jx ~~ Miami, Florida 33176
No delay i^n pnrs^ n^i checks (305) 274-3899 Day or
\ Pteflrw add t? 00 shipping ytKryi no credit cards or COD's Eve
hi
THE RAINBOW'S
One-Liner Contest
as now been expanded
to include programs of
either one or two lines. This
means a new dimension and new
opportunity for those who have "really
neat" programs that simply just won't fit in
one line.
Here are the guidelines: The program must
work in Extended basic, have only one or two
line numbers and be entirely self-contained —
no loading other programs, no calling ROM
routines, no poked-in machine language code.
The program has to run when typed in directly
(since that's how our readers will use it). Make
sure your line, or lines, aren't packed so tightly
that the program won't list completely. Finally,
any instructions needed should
be very short.
Send your entry
(preferably on cassette) to:
CP
238
THE RAINBOW
March 1986
(9 Intervals)
1
(18 Intervals)
64
56
48
40
32
24
16
8
0
64
56
48
40
32
24
16
8
0
Figure 2: Staircase Steps in Wave Forms
Note that the the lower two bits of the
digital value are always zero — only the
upper six bits change. You can also see
that the step size of the voltage output
is constant. There is always about 0.07
volts between one digital value and the
next.
All well and good, but how does the
DAC create sounds? Let's take an
example. The purest sound is a sine
wave, shown in Figure 1. The second
part of the figure shows a comparable
sine wave generated by the DAC. When
fed into an audio amplifier, the result
will be a relatively pure musical tone,
similar to that produced by an elec-
tronic doorbell, or a Dolby test tone.
If you look closely at the DAC sine
wave, you can see that it's made up of
a series of discrete voltage levels, giving
it a "staircase step" appearance. The
closer the interval is between steps, the
smoother the sine wave becomes, as
shown in Figure 2.
This sine wave was generated by the
CoCo DAC from a table in ROM.
Believe it or not, this is the way the
CoCo generates the 1200 and 2400 hertz
(cycles per second) tones used for
cassette tape output! (I'll tell you where
to find the table later.)
The distance from crest to crest, or
from trough to trough of the sine wave
is called the period of the sound. The
reciprocal of the period is the frequency
of the sound. A 600 hertz tone, then, has
a period of 1 / 600 seconds or about 1.66
milliseconds (1.66 thousandths of a
second).
More Complex Sounds
Imagine tuning in MTV and listening
to a new heavy metal band playing sine
wave synthesizers. It would drive the
viewers to Mozart! Most natural and
instrumentation sounds are made up of
a combination of frequencies, as shown
in Figure 3. Random sounds, such as
surf or crowd noise, are made up of an
even combination of all frequencies,
giving a hissing effect. These are the
sounds that BASIC cannot create on the
CoCo with simply the SOUND and PLRY
commands.
A music synthesizer not only pro-
vides the capability to generate the
complex sound of strings or a flute, but
it also allows the user to define an
envelope for the sound. The envelope
describes how the sound varies in loud-
ness and is sometimes called an ADSR,
for attack, decay, sustain, release, as
March 1986 THE RAINBOW 239
shown in Figure 4. A musical instru-
ment such as a piano has a sustained
sound, while an instrument such as a
snare drum has a much shorter duration
sound. Both envelopes are different, as
shown in the figure. Synthesizers also
provide the capability to create enve-
lopes not produced by musical instru-
ments, such as a sound that starts off at
the minumum loudness and builds to a
maximum, producing a sound like a
musical tone played backwards on a
tape recorder.
Many complex sounds can be gener-
ated by the CoCo, at the expense of
building a table of values that define the
wave shape of the sound. Another
alternative is to use the patterns found
in the CoCo's ROM, selecting those
that produce the sounds you're looking
for. A short section of BASIC ROM code
from SA9EB through $A9FF on my
systems, for example, produces the
wave shape shown in Figure 5 when the
upper six bits are considered.
Any small section of code can be
repeated over and over, and the interval
between outputs to the DAC can be
varied by timing loops within the assem-
bly language program to produce differ-
ent frequencies. As the shortest timing
loop can produce periods that are about
10 microseconds wide, the highest
frequencies that can be produced in
assembly language are 100,000 hertz
radio waves (!), far above the 6,000
hertz sound waves that can be passed
through the CoCo electronics. That's
the beauty of assembly language here —
there's plenty of time left over.
Talking to the PIA of the CoCo
The output of the DAC goes both to
the cassette output and to a device that
ADSR for
snare drum
Figure 4: Sound Envelopes
CoCo Cat
240 THE RAINBOW March 1986
Protect Your Valuable
azine Collection With • . .
DISTINCTIVE,
DURABLE
RAINBOW BINDERS
Each issue of THE RAINBOW is a vital resource that you
will refer to again and again, to gain insights, to explore
new areas of interest or simply to refresh your memory. So,
you need to keep your copies of THE RAINBOW safe — in
high-quality, vinyl binders that provide complete protec-
I
These distinctive red binders not only ensure that your
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spine. They're a handsome addition to any room.
They also make it possible for you to organize your work
space and eliminate the clutter on a permanent basis. Youll
spend more time on your CoCo and eliminate those
frustrating searches for misplaced magazines.
A set of two handsome binders, which hold a full 12 issues
of THE rainbow, is only $13.50 (please add $2.50 for
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Due to heavy demand, we suggest you order back issues
now while supplies last.
YES. Please send me
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Order one or more sets of binders and take advantage of these exciting offers:
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To order by phone, call: (502) 228-4492
WE'RE BRINGING THE COCO
RAINBOW'S
BROADENING ITS
SPECTRUM
the rainbow and the Delphi Informa-
tion Utility have joined together to
allow CoCo owners all over the
world to connect with one another!
Delphi is a full-service information
utility. It offers everything from up-
to-the-minute news stories from The
Associated Press to electronic mail
services. But, best of all, it now has
a special forum for Color Computer
owners, and it's operated by the peo-
ple who bring you the rainbow each
month.
The CoCo Special Interest Group
(SIG) features a variety of services,
including an open forum where you
can send and receive messages
from Color Computer owners all
over the world. It also has several
databases to which you can upload
your favorite programs and from
which you can download programs
written by other CoCo enthusiasts.
Some of these databases are basic
programming, OS-9 and home appli-
cations.
When setting up your account
with Delphi, if you do not have a
credit card or prefer not to use it,
Delphi requires that you send $20 to
give your account a positive bal-
ance. This will be refunded after
your first free hour if you choose to
no longer use the system or it will
be applied to future connect
charges.
PEEK INTO THE
RAINBOW
The CoCo SIG's conference feature
allows you to meet electronically
with other members of the CoCo
Community. You can join conferen-
ces with notables such as Fred
Scerbo, Dan Downard, Ed Ellers,
Lonnie Falk, Dick White, Tony
DiStefano and others — on a regular
basis. Conference schedules will ap-
pear in the rainbow each month. Be
sure to check online announce-
ments for changes and additions.
THE OTHER SIDE
OF THE RAINBOW
On Delphi, you also are able to buy
rainbow on tape — order a whole
set, or download an individual pro-
gram immediately. You can also
renew your rainbow subscription,
make a fast and easy order for soft-
ware or hardware from a multitude
of vendors, or inquire about prod-
ucts on the CoCo SIG.
We also have a number of programs
that you can download and use, just
for the cost of the time you spend
transferring them. There'll also be
corrections for rainbow articles,
helpful hints and many other useful
features.
free lifetime I
MEMBERSHIP
the rainbow is offering subscribers
a free lifetime subscription to Delphi
— a $29.95 value -=r and a free hour
of connect time — a $6 value at
either 300 or 1200 Baud during even-
ing, holiday and weekend hours —
so you can sample Delphi and the
brand new rainbow CoCo SIG.
That's right. Your subscription to
the rainbow entitles you to this
$35.95 value as a free bonus!
If you're not a rainbow subscriber,
just enter your order when you sign
on with Delphi and you'll get the
same great deal! For our $31 sub-
scription fee, you'll get the finest
Color Computer magazine ever, a
free lifetime subscription to Delphi
and a free hour of connect time.
SAVE EVEN MORE
Want to save an extra $15? While
you're online, you can order the Del-
phi Handbook and Command Card
($21 .95) and three hours of connect
time ($18) for only $24.95.
Delphi provides us all with Imme-
diate CoCo Community. Check it
out today. After all, you can sample
it for free!
Problems? Call Delphi:
1-800-544-4005
DELPH I
TYPE:
PDni id rnrn
uKUUr LULU
How to reach RAINBOW'S Color Computer SIG . . .
There are several ways to connect to Delphi and THE
rainbow's CoCo SIG. In most cities you will not even have
to pay long distance charges; you can use special data
communications networks, like Uninet, Tymnet and the
Canadian Datapac network.
First, set your terminal program to operate at either 300
or 1200 Baud (depending on the modem you have), and
also select either 7 bits with even parity or 8 bits with no
parity, and one stop bit. (If one combination doesn't work,
try another.)
Decide which network you should use. There is no
surcharge for Uninet or Tymnet. Canadian residents using
Datapac will be charged an additional $ 12 (U.S.) per hour.
On Uninet: Call (800) 821-5340 to get the Uninet number
for your area. After you call the appropriate number for
your own area and make connection, you'll see a prompt
of "L?" Press ENTER, the period key (.) and enter again.
At the "service:" prompt, type GVC (for General Videotex
Corporation) and ENTER.
On Tymnet: Call (800) 336-0149 to get the Tymnet
number for your area. After you dial your designated
number and connect, you will see either "garbage" or a
message saying "please type your terminal identifier." At
this point, even if the screen is garbled, simply press *A\
When "please log in:" appears, type DELPHI and press
ENTER.
From Canada (on Datapac): Call Delphi Customer
Service at (617) 491-3393 to get the Datapac number for
your area. After you connect, press the period key (♦) and
ENTER (use two periods if you're using 1200 Baud). Type
SET 2:1, 3:126 and press ENTER. Now type p 1 3106,
DELPHI ; and press ENTER. Delphi's new rates indicate an
additional $12 hourly surcharge for evening use of
Datapac, which means a total of $18 (U.S.) for connect
time.
From other countries: Many countries have their own
data networks that can connect to either Uninet or Tymnet.
Check with the telephone authorities in your country for
details on how to sign up for this service. When you have
an account set up, you can reach Delphi with a "host code"
of 312561703088 through Uninet, or 310600601500
through Tymnet. (Youll have to pay the toll charges for
this connection.)
Type in Your Username
If you're already a subscriber to THE rainbow, at the
"USERNAME:" prompt, type RfllNBOWSUB and press
ENTER. At the "PASSWORD:" prompt, type your individ-
ual subscription number from the mailing label of your
latest issue of the rainbow. (If there are one or more zeros
at the beginning of this number, include them.)
If you dont already have a subscription, at the "USER-
NAME:" prompt, type RAINBOWORDER and press ENTER.
At the "PASSWORD:" prompt, type SENDSUB and press
ENTER. Have your MasterCard, VISA or American
Express card ready, because youll be led through a series
of questions that will enable us to put your rainbow and
Delphi subscriptions into effect. In an effort to hold down
non-editorial costs, we do not bill for subscriptions.
If you make a typing error, just press ENTER and start
over. Remember that at any point, when you're on Delphi,
you can type HELP to get help on how to use the system.
To get off the system just type BYE.
If you find that you're unable to log on to Delphi and
enter the CoCo SIG after following these instructions, call
us during afternoon business hours at (502) 228-4492. Well
be glad to offer assistance.
Come Visit Us! Type: GROUP COCO
After you sign in, you'll be prompted to set up your own,
personal "user name" — Delphi is a friendly service, no
numbers to remember — and youll be asked a number
of questions so Delphi can set up your account. You'll also
be assigned a temporary password. No time is assessed
against your free hour of service while you answer these
questions.
Delphi will tell you that your account will be ready after
6 p.m. the same day if you sign up before noon (Eastern
time zone.) If not, your account will be ready at 6 p.m.
the next day. Once an account is opened, each RAINBOW
subscriber will be credited with an hour of free time!
When you log back in, use your chosen user name and
your temporary password to access the system. At that
point, you will meet Max, who will help you configure
things and will change your temporary password into your
own personal password. This is the password you will use
for subsequent sessions — or until you change it.
After Max bids you goodbye you'll wind up at the
Delphi Main Menu; type in GROUP COCO and join us on
the CoCo SIG!
Figure 5: Table Driven Sounds
64
56
48
40
32
24
16
8
0
routes the DAC output to the television
sound channel, as shown in Figure 6.
The MC14529 routes the DAC output
to the TV sound channel by two "select"
bits set by the following basic com-
mands:
180 POKE &HFF01 f PEEK ( &HFF01 )
FIND &HF7 'select bit 0
190 POKE &HFF03,PEEK(&HFF03)
RND &HF7 'select bit 1
200 POKE &HFF23,PEEK(&HFF23)
OR 8 'set G-bit sound
The third PDKE here sets six-bit sound
as opposed to a single-bit "on/ off"
sound that can also be used.
Once these commands are given, they
need not be output again — the DAC
is routed to the TV sound channel for
the duration of the program.
The six inputs to the DAC are con-
trolled by six signals from another
source, as shown in the figure. The
source here, as in the case of the two
select signals, is a PIA, or peripheral
interface adapter. The CoCo uses a
number of PIAs to provide program-
mable signals to control color graphics,
sound, cassette operations, and RS-
232-C operations, to name a few. In this
case, the PIA acts as a simple memory
device, holding whatever six bits have
been sent to it until another six bits are
sent. In BASIC the six PIA to DAC
outputs are set by
1000 POKE &HFF20, VRLUE*4
' VfiLUE is 0 - G3
In assembly language, the instruc-
tions are very similar:
LDA #VALUE value is VVVVVV00
STA SFF20 outputs value to DAC
And that's about all there is to pro-
ducing sounds on the Color Computer
— route the DAC output to the televi-
sion channel and then send out the
proper patterns to the PIA/DAC,
spaced at even intervals, repeating the
patterns if necessary.
Putting Together a Sound
Assembly Language Program
Now that we know enough about the
sound capabilities of the Color Compu-
ter, we can put together a short program
to play a variety of sounds, natural and
unnatural. What we're looking for is a
program that will route the DAC output
to the television sound channel and then
output a series of digital values to the
DAC, spaced at regular intervals. We
also need the capability of repeating a
series of values for a certain number of
times.
The data that creates the sounds will
be held in a table in memory, either a
table of values that already exist, such
as ROM values, or a table that we will
create. Since we want to make the
program handle a table of varying
length, we'll need to specify a table
length. An alternative to this is to use
a "terminating value" at the end of the
table to mark the end. However, we'd
like to use ROM data for some of the
sounds, and it's awfully difficult to write
data to ROM (although one of my
CoCos tries this on occasion).
To make the table values easier to
generate, we'll also let the program shift
the data so that it's aligned in the upper
six bits. That way we can put values of
zero through 63 in memory bytes with-
out having to worry about what the
values would be in their shifted form. Of
course another approach is to "pack"
the data into consecutive six bits, but
this would present a real chore in
creating and maintaining the table of
data values.
What we have so far, then, is a pro-
gram that will read a table of values
starting from some given memory loca-
tion and ending at another memory
location, with each byte in the table
representing an output value of zero
through 63. Such a table is shown in
Figure 7 — it's the encoded form of a
simple bell sound using a square wave
frequency.
Another thing that we need to specify
to the program is the interval between
DAC outputs. Remember, the smaller
the increment, the less rough the final
wave shape will be. What is a reasonable
increment to implement? We know that
PIA
Address
$FF20
2
3
4
5
6
7
U
6
Input
Lines
DAC
DAC
Output
Other
Inputs
MC14529
Select
Inputs
(From $FF01,
$FF03)
Figure 6: DAC Routing
To TV
Channel
Modulator
244
THE RAINBOW March 1986
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well have to have a timing loop in the
program to count off the time between
DAC outputs. (Another alternative,
however, would be reading in a PIA bit
that shows the sync clock for video,
appearing every 63.5 microseconds.)
Even with assembly language, instruc-
tions take a finite time and we can't
define a small enough interval by the
time the program is coded. We'll let the
interval be specified by a count parame-
ter to the assembly language program
and see what the minimum interval
turns out to be in the final result.
A final parameter that must be spec-
ified to the program is the number of
times the table must be repeated. A
repeat capability is handy to have to
generate wave forms that are periodic,
such as the sine waves and square waves
mentioned above. We may want to
repeat thousands of times with short
tables of values to get a sound that is
seconds long.
At this point we have these parame-
ters that must be passed to the assembly
language program:
• A 16-bit address that specifies the
start of the table.
• A 1 6-bit address that specifies the
end of the table.
• A 16-bit delay count that deter-
mines the time delay between out-
puts to the DAC.
• A 16-bit repeat count that deter-
mines the number of times that the
table data is to be repeated.
Program Design Considerations
Before we start coding the program
we need to make several more decisions
about the basic design:
• Is this to be a program or a subrou-
tine?
• Where in memory will the program
be?
• Where in memory will the table be?
Programs Versus Subroutines
We could make the Sound program
a full fledged program that could be
loaded by LDRDM and executed by EXEC
(or from cassette by CLDflDM and EXEC).
However, this doesn't make too much
sense, as the program isn't really a full-
blown program, but simply a short
piece of code that can be used to (pre-
sumably) generate short snatches of
sounds. For that reason, it makes better
sense to design it as an assembly lan-
guage subroutine that can be called by
BASIC (or other languages). That way
we can use the convenience of basic to
do all of the housekeeping and just call
the assembly language subroutine when
a sound is required.
The commands that Extended BASIC
uses to interface to assembly language
are DEFUSR and U5R. DEFU5R tells BASIC
where the assembly language code is
located, while U5R actually transfers
control to the assembly language sub-
routine. The assembly language subrou-
tine must always end with an RTS
instruction, a ReTurn from Subroutine.
The RTS acts just as a BASIC statement
does, returning control back to the
BASIC statement after the USR. The
typical call to our yet-uncoded sound
subroutine would look like this:
110 DEFU5R0 = &H3E08 done only
once in BASIC
330 A = USR0(0) 'call assembly
language sub
340 . . . 'return here
The dots between statements 1 10 and
2100 represent other BASIC statements
that are executed. One thing that must
be done before the subroutine is exe-
cuted, of course, is to set up a table of
data in memory that the subroutine will
use to generate sounds, or to point to
the table if it already exists (such as the
ROM sine wave table).
Where in Memory Will the
Subroutine Be?
The DEFUSR statement defines where
the assembly language subroutine is in
memory. But just where should it be?
There are many places it could be, but
the overriding rule is to put it out of the
way of BASIC. BASIC is constantly
changing memory by adding variables,
manipulating strings, and using a stack
area, and any assembly language code
must be put into an area that BASIC
cannot touch.
* 2 s a
o co <D *r
* «f Ifl (O
Start Table
End of Table
o
63
0
56
0
50
0
46
0
40
0
36
0
32
0
27
0
24
0
20
0
16
0
14
0
11
0
8
0
6
Figure 7: Table for Bell Sound
246
THE RAINBOW March 1986
, Color Basic Compiler
( by Warren Ulrich III
CBC lets you write in the familiar Extend-
ed Basic and then converts it to machine
language for you. It produces efficient,
compact, machine code that is position
independent, relocatable, and runs an
average of 40 times faster! CBC features
over 60 commands and functions, a
subset of Extended Basic. The compiler
is limited to integer variables, but varia-
bles are easily passed between a com-
piled program and BASIC programs.
Strings and multi-dimensional arrays are
fully supported. (Write for a detailed des-
cription.) Requires 32K.
32KDisk $39.95
Macro Conditional
Assembler
MAC not only supports all standard
mnemonics and directives, but also
thrives on macros, conditional assembly,
repeat sequences, inclusion of source
library files and more. The macro capabil-
ities allow you to create standard subrou-
tines only once, and then simply call
them when they are needed. Conditional
assembly allows you to have only one
multi purpose source file, and then condi-
tionally assemble various versions from
one source. And we've included our
Assembler Cross Reference program.
32KRSDOS $49.95 64K OS-9 $49.95
The Sourcerer
by Frank Delargy
The Sourcerer is a menu driven symbolic
6809 disassembler that produces sym-
bolic source code that can be assembled.
It is compatible with most editor/as-
semblers that produce ASCII files. Added
features include automatic equate gener-
ation for labels and symbols out of disas-
sembly range; FCC, FCB, and FDB gen-
eration; user defined symbol/label buffer
area; and symbolic labels for all extended
addresses. The position independent
code is relocatable to any area of
memory.
16K Cass $34.95
32K RSDOS $39.95
64K OS-9 $39.95
64K Screen Expander
by Gregory Forseth
The 64K Color Computer can have a
64x24 or 51x24 upper and lower case dis-
play without hardware mods! Use it with
BASIC and assembly language programs
that use text displays. Added features
include the mixing of text and hi-res gra-
phics on the same screen; keyboard auto
repeat; type ahead keyboard; two PRINT
@ formats; ON ERROR command; auto
line number; and an enhanced PMODE
command that allows you to specify page
0 the start page. Requires 64K.
64KCass $24.95 Disk $27.95
tot out
\
Color Connection III
for RSDOS
by BJ Chambless
This is the most comprehensive modem
package for the Color Com