.95 i j j> \i
HE COLOR COMPUTER mNTHLY]$GAZINE
A PRINTER SPECIA
Outgrowing The T
v ewriter
FP*^'^^pp*^p*^MPir
HI ■ 4
- r i r 1 PIP!
b fc*fj PC
P* P ■ ■ I
I ■ #+ ■•■
» j ■ j ■ ■■**«■ ■ a ■ ■ f ■<
- ■ - : : t
1 P" ¥ Pt * fa
g r on jiujjed
AX toddfiojd
960|50d 'ST)
aiDii nine
602 xog 0*4
admmSih s n 6zu
MCSNlVa ©Mi
il i a ■ * pp.
PI PI P I T
piJkl.blbf
hlll4PIV»lf«f Iflfft
11411-Vvf failffff ftll
i b f 1 I 0 El II M-PI I PH Pf II
ftialilllf i* 1 I itM
e
>age
38.
27.95 Tape
30.95 Disk
16K Machine
Language
"fade" 1,313 .^^^^F'
9 ca(><" cs
TOM MIX SOFTWARE
3424 College N.E.
Grand Rapids, Ml 49505
(616) 364-4791 or 24 HR. BBS (616) 364-8217
WS4
I
Arcade Action Games
Add $1.00 postage & handling
• Michigan Residents add 4% sales tax
Looking for new software
m cC^'l aic9»*.
From Computer Plus to YOU . . .
after
after
BUY DIRECT
Smith Corona TPI
Daisy Wheel $495
Here are just a few of our fine offers .
call TOLL FREE for full information.
COMPUTERS
R.S. Acoustic Coupler AC-3
129
DISK DRIVES
Model 12 64K1 Drive
$2699
R.S, Modem I D.C.
129
R.S. Model III IST-Drlve
650
ModeM264K2Drlve
3375
R.S. Modem II D>C.
199
Tondon 40 Track Ml
289
Model III 16K
699
PRINTERS
Color Computer Drive 1
299
ModellJI48K
764
Daisy Wheel II
1715
Color Computer Drive 0
470
Model III 48K
DWP-410
1320
Primary Hard Disk Mil
3099
2 Disk &RS 232 c
1549
Smith Corona TPI Daisy Wheel
495
Primary Hard DlskMlH
2199
Color Computer 16K
175
EpsonMX80
Call
ETC.
Color Computer 16K
Epson FX80
Call
CCR-81 recorder
52
w/extended basic
255
Epson MX100
Call
C C Joysticks
22
tColor Computer 32K-64K
CGP-115
199
16K RAM N.E.C 200 N.S, chips
25
w/extended basic
370
DM P- 100
315
64K Ram Chips
75
Pocket Computer 2
165
DMP-200
599
Coco FHL Flex D,O.S.
69.95
Model 161DR128K
4199
DMP-40Q
1010
32KMIcrobuf(er inline
229
Model 162DR128K
4799
DMP*500
1539
SOFTWARE
DM Data Terminal
599
DMP-2100
1779
Brand Name Software «
PT-210 Portable Terminal
779
Okldata 80
320
Send tor listing,
MODEMS
Okldata 82A
399
R.S, Soflware10%offhst
Lynx Direct Connect Ml/Mill
235
Okldata 83A
655
Parallel Printer Cables are
Hayes Smart Modem II
235
Okldata 84 Parallel
999
available for most computers.
Hayes Smart Modem 1200
565
Okldato 92
510
t Color Compuler 44K requires
Novation Smortcat 1200
459
Okldata 93
859
Disk 0 and DOS.
Novation J-CAT
125
P.C Plotter Printer
180
TOLL FREE
Since 1973-
We have the lowest possible
Fully Warranteed Prices AND
a full complement of Radio Shack
Software.
Prices subject to change without notice.
Not responsible for typographical errors,
TBS-80 Is a registered trademark of Tandy Corp,
1-800-343-8124
com
P.O. Box 1094
4*0 King Street
Littleton, MA 01460
617-486-3193
Under the Rainbow
COVER photograph® by James E.
Reed for the Rainbow.
Printer related snides highlighted in
red.
28
250
116
Feature Articles
A Trivial Program/ Gary Wick 16
Game Make up your own trivia game
Hello Epson — Howdy CoCo/ Dennis Snyder 20
Hardware Get your Epson and CoCo connected
Who Was That Masked Tape?// Ray 30
Utility Neat and easy printed cassette labels
Poached Roach?/ John Fraysee 38
Game Be wary of the hit-man's deadly spray
Sopwith CoCo, Snoopy/ William G. Franklin 54
Simulation A real-time instrument flight simulation
That Key Does What?/£o6 Rosen 80
Utility Programming function keys
No Zonks For Disks/ Thomas F. Szlucha 84
Disk Utility Make a safe backup of your disk directory
Control Your Home / Alexander B. Trevor & Charles Yahn 98
Home Control Theory and use of the Plug V Power
Controller
VARPTR Exposed//?0/i Mummaw 110
Tutorial A full rundown on BASICS "hidden command 1 '
Plotting 3-D Graphs/ Bob Delbourgo 116
Graph Graphics How to use three variables in plotting
graphs
NsNs Nyqcus/ Chris Reid 132
Word Game The perfect program for cryptogram
fanatics
Mr, Ed Joins The Rainbow/ Hubert E. Samm 140
Utility A full screen editor
Now THAT'S Hard!/ Dr. J. C. Kreischmer 148
Education Estimating the difficulty of text
Printer Conversion Chart/ Staff 156
Printers Convert control codes easily
Boring Into The "F" Board/AM? Reilly 160
Hardware An in-depth look at CoCo's newest board
A Many-Formatted Thing/ Bill Bohne 182
Printers Automatic printer formats done easily
Joysticks For Educational Use/ David Macali 196
Education Using the Wico joysticks
Print It Bigger/ Dick White 198
Printer Utility Character graphics makes a sign-maker
Error Detection In Communications/ Harry Hardy 240
Communication How to cut down on mistakes in your
transmissions
Look, No Waiting/ Steve Good 246
Utility A software print spooler
Blocking Out Microline Graphics/ Thomas F. Szlucha 250
Printer Graphics Using the block graphics in the 82A
Water, Water Everywhere, But Not . . . /Martin S. Monies 258
Game Play Pipeline and quench some thirst
Let's Make Music/ Bob Delbourgo 262
Music With this fine musical scale generator
Rainbug Redux/ Dan Downard 264
Utility Part Two of our machine language monitor
AN IMPORTANT ANNOUNCEMENT CONCERNING SUBSCRIPTIONS IS ON PACE 271
Departments
Letters To Rainbow/ Our Readers 6
PRINT #-2,/ Lawrence C. Falk 13
Editor's Notes
Building June's Rainbow/Tim Reed 14
A many-hued preview to this month's issue.
Education Notes/ Steve Blyn 28
Construct a bar graph of your child's grades
Turn Of The Screw/ Tony DiStefano 72
A close look at memory
Submitting Material To Rainbow 78
Assembly Corner/ Dennis Lewandowski 76
Word processing — ML style
Rainbow Scoreboard 82
Using Graphics/ Don Inman 90
Some serious graphics
The Dragon's Byte/ Bill Nolan 124
DA TA lines cache monsters
The Pipeline/ Staff. 130
Received And Certified 147
CoCo Counsel/ Tom Nelson 164
Surveying the CoCo market
Bits And Bytes Of Basic/ Richard White 174
Bulletin board message entry
Education And CoCo/ Paul Kimmelman 232
CoCo a bargain for schools
GameMaster's Apprentice/ito6 Albrecht 234
Generate random character names
Basic Tx^mmgl Joseph Kolar 255
Now, let's write some programs
Back Issue Information 263
Corrections 270
RAINBOW Info 272
Advertiser Index 274
Product Reviews
Autoterm/ Rand olf Graham 118
Banner 223
BASIC Programming Primer 220
Card Game 152
Carry 195
Co-existance 219
Color Text/ A. Buddy Hogan 226
The Composer 192
CPP 172
Crosswords 224
Database Manager II 242
DMP 200/ John Fernald 210
Epson Interface 88
Gemini 10/15 109
CGP II 230
Hebrew Bulletin Board 180
INSIMB 170
Monsters & Magic 222
Pro-Color File/ Ed Lowe 208
Soooper Pac 195
Stagecoach 68
Telewriter-64/ Frank J. Esser 216
Words About Things 162
Words That Act 162
Zaksund 154
Zarconian Marble 88
Zaxxon 154
NEXT MONTH: Will be our super-duper Second Anniversary Issue! And there will be a very special
surprise for everyone — a first for any computer magazine.
For those of you who want to know what's inside CoCo, we'll have the most complete and accurate
memory map ever published. It is so big, it will be serialized, with Part One as an Anniversary Issue
special. It covers all CoCo configurations.
Yes. Yes. Yes. Our Anniversary Issue will also feature an Index! It is something many of you have been
asking for.
Plus ... a report on RAINBOWfest, and more programs, more reviews, more information on CoCo
than you can possibly find anywhere else. Don't miss July's Rainbowl
The Rainbow
Lawrence C. Falk
Editor
James E, Reed
Managing Editor
Courtney Noe
Associate Editor
Sally Nichols
Art Director
Jerry McKsernan
Assistant Art Director
Jutta Kapfhammer
Suzanne Kurowsky
Editorial Assistants
Bob Albrecht
Stevs Blyn
Tony DiStefano
Don Inman
Joseph Kofar
Paul KimmeJman
Dennis Lewandowski
Bill Nolan
Charles Roslund
Dick White
Contributing Editors
Patty King
Advertising Manager
Patricia H. Hirsch
General Manager
Donna Shuck
Bookkeeper
Ivanka Kleier
Customer Service Manager
Deidra Henry
Tanya Holder
Monica Wheat
Research Assistants
Wendy Falk
Transportation
The Rainbow is published every month of the year
by F ALSO Ft, 1NC. F 9529 U.S. Highway 42, P.O, Sox
209. Prospect, KY, 40059. Phone 223-4492,
The RA1N8QW and the Rainbow logotypes are ®
Trademarks of FALSOFT, Inc.
Entire contents by F ALSO FT, inc., 1 983. The
RAINBOW is intended for the private use and plea-
sure of its subscribers and purchasers and repro-
duction by any means is prohibited- Use of intorma-
tion herein is for the single end use of purchasers
and any other use is expressly prohibited. Ail pro-
grams herein are distributed in an "as is" basis,'
without warranty of any kind whatsoever.
TRS-8G, Color Basic, Extended Color Basic,
Scripsjt and Program Pak are * trademarks of the
Tandy Corp. CompuServe is a ® Trademark Of
CompuServe Inc.
Subscriptions to the RAINBOW are $22 oar year
m the United Stales. Canadian and Mexican rates
are U.S. $29. Surface mail to other countries es U.S.
$57; air mail U.S. SB5. All subscriptions begin with
the next available issue.
Limited hack issues are available. Please see
notice lor issues which are in print and costs. Pay-
ment accepted by VISA, MasterCard, American
Express, Cash F Check or Money Order in United
States currency only
J
letters to
RAINBOW
WEAVER'S CORNER
Editor:
As a very enthusiastic CoCo owner, I am
enjoying your magazine very much.
I'm also very enthusiastic about the CGP
1 15 printer and think it has great potential
for use in weaving, which is what I do. But
Td like to see someone come out with a roll
of address labels that would fit it. Does
anyone make a roll of labels that would fit?
Does Radio Shack plan to market such a roll
of labels?
And how about pens in other colors? It
would be handy to be able to print out a
weaving draft in brown and beige, for
instance. Or yellow and lavender. Do you
know whether RS has any further plans for
the CGP 115?
Sandra L. Willdrd
Chireno, TX
HERE TO ATARI?
Editor:
In a news bulletin from a local computer
club last August, it mentioned an adapter to
permit Atari and Activision cartridges to
run on the 80C. Have your readers heard
anything about when it is to be expected and
if it will also allow Imagic, Parker Brothers,
Coleco (for Atari) and other manufacturers'
cartridges to run on it?
Peter Stumpf
McHenry, IL
TRECKING FOR STAR TREK
Editor:
I have been searching, in vain, for a color
version of one of my favorite games... Star
Trek. I know that it works well on a M odel I
Radio Shack computer; it was written by
Joshua Lavinsky and copyrighted 1 978; fea-
tures Starbase attack alerts, movement of
the Enterprise within a quadrant by means
of the arrow buttons, three button warp
drive (one button to signal warp, two others
to indicate destination quadrant), ten levels
of play (with 8-12 Klingons in the first level,
around 70 in the highest), and a ration of
three photon torpedoes between resupply at
a Starbase.
If your readers know where I can contact
the writer of this program, or if he has writ-
ten a version of that same game for the Coior
Computer, I would very much appreciate
being provided with that information. My
address is General Delivery, Whitehorse,
Yukon Y1A3S7.
Geoffrey B. Capp
Whitehorse, Yukon
Editor's Note: I don't know about this
one, but there are sdme excellent Star
Trek games available on the commer-
cial market. Some we have played are
even better than that which you
describe.
AID NEEDED
Editor:
I own a 32K Extended BASIC Color
Computer, which I recently upgraded to
disk. I am making the transitionf rom tape to
disk, and I need some assistance inlocatinga
certain utility.
I am looking for a program that will load
my machine language tape programs to disk
so they will execute properly. If your readers
have any information on this, please contact
me at R.D.8, Raritan Grds., Flemington, NJ
08822.
Fred K. Herrman
Flemington, NJ
Editor:
Is there a way to increase the number of
characters per line for the display on the
Color Computer?
Derric Hawkins
Richmond, KY
MACHINE TROUBLES
Editor:
Is there any way to LLIST a machine
language program? Can you key in a pro-
gram that is written in assembler? Also, how
do you understand and follow a program
written in assembler or machine language?
Lenny Munitz
Bellerose, NY
Editor:
I have a question that may sound stupid
but here goes. How do I get a printout on my
VII printer of a machine language program
and what is the procedure for typing in a
machine language program?
I enjoy your magazine.
A.J. McNabb
Orange, TX
Editor's Note: You can list an assem-
bly language program with an
assembler or a disassembler. For
some other information, see our
Rainbow Info feature. To understand
a ML program you must first under-
stand how ML works. There are a
number of good books (and articles in
the Rainbow) on the subject.
TV TITLES NEEDED
Editor:
I would like to know if any of your readers
know of any programs that would turn my
CoCo into a professional graphics and
titling system to be used with my video
recorder. Easy pre-programmed commands
to effect animation and moving titles would
be a plus. I'm also interested in any pro-
grams concerning amateur radio.
Your magazine is first rate, keep up the
good work.
Peter M. White
Lauderhill, FL
CHEATERS WANTED
Editor:
When I tried to "cheat" at Mr. Keys' pro-
gram, Raaka-tu, it would only print the start
and end addresses, then get stuck on 19345.
Does anybody in Rainbow land have infor-
mation that could help me?
For anyone that enjoyed John Fraysse's
graphics in Cadet Trainer I suggest that you
purchase Space Shuttle by Tom Mix Soft-
ware. Space Shuttle is so much like flying the
real thing that when I got into space I was
waiting for weightlessness.
Steve Schweitzer
Sewell, NJ
Editor:
I need help solving Keys Of The Wizard
and Madness And The Minotaur. If anyone
can help, please contact Robert Kiser at
P.O. Box 631, Monticello, MS 39654.
Robert Kiser
Monticello, MS
GOLF HANDICAPPING?
Editor:
Can anyone please advise how or where I
may obtain a program for use with my Color
Computer, Extended BASIC to allow hand-
icapping players in my golf league? I have
been unable to find such a program to date.
Gene Eggers
Villa Park, IL
PEN PALS
Editor:
First I wish to say I really love your maga-
zine. It has a lot of variety as well as great
programs for all uses. I have one question,
though. Could you please explain what
FLEX is? I'm a novice and do not know such
words.
One more thing. How about getting a Pen
Pal section going so computer lovers like
myself can write to each other.
Kim Moyer
Bethlehem, PA
Editor's Note: FLEX is an operating
system for disk-based CoCo's. We'll
have a full report on the three systems
currently available in next month's
issue. If anyone wants correspond-
ents, just let us know. Well print
names and addresses.
6 the RAINBOW June, 1983
SOMETHING IS AMISS
Editor:
I saw your article on upgrading a "D"
board CoCo to 64K. I own a 4K "D" board
CoCo so I decided to upgrade following
your instructions. I read your instructions
over and over. Then I ordered the 64K chips
and my dad and I installed it following the
instructions carefully. When we were done I
hooked up my TV and typed in PRINT
MEM. Then the numbers 2343 appeared on
the screen! I still have 4K! If there is some-
one who saw this modification in the March
issue and has installed it with better success
than I have, and can help me end this night-
mare, please contact me by writing Chris
Woods, RR1 Box 140, Hollandale, WI
54533, (608) 967-2385.
You have an awesome magazine! Keep up
the good work!
Chris Woods
Hollandale, WI
TTY INTERFACING
Editor:
I have a used teletype model 33TY and I
need a printer program to give me a carriage
return, line feed, and margin with line width
allin one. I canmakeapapertapelistingbut
how do I reload this paper tape?
If possible, at different times I would like
to use the keyboard from the teletype to
input to the Color Computer.
I hope there is someone who can help me.
A. St oik, Jr
Kendal, Ontario, Canada
Editor's Note: Did you check out Dan
Downard's article in our February
issue?
DANGER OF SURVIVALISM'
Editor:
When I first saw the cover of the March
issue of the Rainbow, I thought it was drawn
with a macabre sense of humor for a new war
game program. I had to re-read "Predicting
Fallout" twice before I began to realize that
this "feature program" was serious.
The philosophy expressed therein is that
which may yet make high technology man's
destroyer, rather than greatly improving his
life. This so-called "survivalist" philosophy
is infinitely more dangerous than a fifty
megaton bomb, for it provides the only way
a nuclear war could deliberately be started.
I'll acknowledge that man's history has been
devoted to destroying himself more effi-
ciently. However, there is one great differ-
ence since nuclear weapons were invented.
War has always been waged with at least
some hope of winning. I'm sure no one
would consider having a few survivors scat-
tered between cities burned to ashes "win-
ning." Regarding the idea of Soviet workers
sandbagging their machines in a nuclear
war, the idea would be comical if this whole
subject were not so deadly. Can you really
imagine telling a working man, "A nuclear
war has just started. Enemy missiles will
strike in 30 minutes. We want you to spend
your last minutes sandbagging your
machines!" Replies would be varied, but
none would be printable in the Rainbow.
I appreciated Mr. Mickle's hope that his
program may save a few American lives.
Thus I say, "Be a real survivalist, and join the
effort to prevent nuclear war and save 250
million Americans, along with a few
hundred million Russians and perhaps a few
billion other people."
Jeffrey Blaufarb
New York, NY
ON REVIEWERS' OPINIONS
Editor:
This letter is in response to the Software
Review of Final Countdown by Paula Giese.
Trying to be objective about the review I will
say that she did a good job of evaluation.
She, like every one, has a right to their
opinions on any subject whether it is about
their favorite automobile or type of music.
However, her remarks about Southern
sheriffs, cattle prods and quotes from Father
Berrigan were as appropriate as the amount
of her fee on the latest case she had as a
private detective.
I hope that in the future, Rainbow does
not turn into a political publication and that
reviewers will confine their opinions to the
subject at hand.
Stanley A. Parke
Franktown, CO
CLUBS, CLUBS, CLUBS
Editor:
I would like to inform your readers of a
new Color Computer Club for users in the
Utica — Rome — Western Mohawk Valley
region of New York. We meet on the third
Monday of each month at 7:30 p.m. in the
Galaxy Room of the French Road General
Electric Plant in Utica. For further informa-
tion please contact: The Color Computer
Club of Central New York, c/ o Joseph
Short, Secretary, 248 South Fourth Avenue,
Ilion, New York 13357, (315) 895-7730.
Thanks f or a great magazine!
Joseph D. Short
Ilion, NY
Editor:
The Toronto Color Computer Club has
decided to make the writing of software for
children with learning disabilities a club pro-
ject. We have several talented programmers
involved but could use some help from read-
ers as to program ideas. We would particu-
larly like to hear f rom educators and parents
with suggestions for the type of programs
that are required. Program descriptions
should be as complete as possible and should
be sent to Geoff Wells, The Dataman, Box
431, Sta B, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada,
LBL 7W2. As programs are completed, we
will make the programs available to the
Rainbow for publication and also supply
them on tape for the cost of the tape plus
postage.
Geoff Wells
Ontario, Canada
Editor:
Anyone interested in learning more about
Aggie Color Computer Group in the Bryan-
College Station area can call f or inf ormation
at (409) 696-1 656 or write me at 1 30 1 Fran-
cis, College Station, Texas 77840.
Thank you for a good magazine on the
Coco.
Louise Darcey
College Station, TX
Editor:
The Halifax-Dartmouth Color Computer
User Group meets from 7 to 1 1 p.m. on the
third Monday of each month at the main
branch of the Dartmouth Regional Library
in the auditorium. For additional informa-
tion, write me at 1034 Wellington St. #703,
Halifax, Nova Scotia, B3H 2Z9.
Bob Hamilton
Halifax, Nova Scotia
Editor:
For information about The Quad City
CoCo Club, contact me at 4211 Seventh
Ave., Rock Island, IL 61201.
John Greve
Rock Island, IL
Editor:
I would like to form a CoCo club in Hun-
tington, W.Va. If anyone is interested in
joining, call me at (304) 522-2872, or write
me at 614 1 1th Ave., Huntington, WV
25701.
Robert Cox
Huntington, WV
Editor:
The Billings Color Computer Club in Bil-
lings, Mont., would like to hear from all
clubs about what you are doing at meetings,
etc. Write to Jayne Kenyon, 4306 Phillip,
Billings, MT 59101.
Jayne Kenyon
Billings, MT
Editor:
The L.A. CC Users Group welcomes new
members. For information contact Mark
Mooneyham, 2227 Canyon Road, Arcadia,
CA 91006.
Mark Mooneyham
Arcadia, CA
Editor:
I would like to form a CoCo club for
Washingtonians. For information contact
Jack Darling, P.O. Box 8827, Washington,
D.C. 20003, or call (703) 780-6159.
Jon Tiffany
Washington, DC
Editor:
I am interested in starting a computer club
in Austin, Tex. Persons may join regardless
of the computer they own. The purpose of
this club would be to exchange programs,
games and ideas. Interested persons may
contact me by writing to: David Karam,
1 809 Dexter, Austin, TX 78704, or call me at
(512) 442-6317.
Your magazine is excellent and getting
better all the time (1 have seen back issues).
Keep up the great work.
David Karam
Austin, TX
P.S. My father would like to know if you get
any correspondence from the International
Users Group.
June, 1983 the RAINBOW 7
Editor:
Richmond, Va., CoCoNuts, call Randy
Graham (320-0019 evenings and weekends)
for information about our next meeting.
Randy Graham
Richmond, VA
Editor:
We are a group of about ten New York
City Color Computer owners who meet once
a month. Our members' expertise ranges
f rom those who just got the CoCo out of the
box a few months ago to one fellow who (the
thought is almost terrifying) actually opens
up his CoCo himself to add extra switches
and make changes. One of our members can
hardly wait to get a printer. Anyone in New
York City wishing to join us should contact
Ray Normandeau, P.O. Box 854, Times
Square Station, New York, NY 1 0 1 08-0854;
(212) 392-1267, 24 hours.
Ray Normandeau
Long Island City, N Y
Editor:
I'd like to start a kids (I emphasize that!)
CoCo club in Puyallup, Wash. Please con-
tact Chris Nitz, 6118 83rd St. Ct. E., Puyal-
lup, WA 98371.
Chris Nitz
Puyallup, WA
Editor:
The Tucson 6809 Color Computer Club
meets at my office the first Thursday of the
month at 7:30 p.m. (door opens about 7
p.m.) at Kolb Road Chiropractic Center
(yellow sign), 902 S. Kolb Rd., Tucson, AZ
85711,(602) 747-8233.
Michael A. Watts
Tucson, AZ
KUDOS
Editor:
Thanks for Dan Downard's article on
Teletype interfacing in the February issue.
That article alone was worth the price of the
subscription (which my eleven year old son
received as a Christmas gift). It helped me
learn a little electronics and gave me a
chance to use my assembler and
dissassembler.
Needless to say, not everything worked
the first time. Some of the following obser-
vations may be helpful to others contemplat-
ing this project.
1) I substituted a 4N25 and a 2N2222 for
the 4N33, which was unavailable where I
live.
2) I used three or four 1800 ohm !^-watt
resistors in parallel for the adjustable resis-
tor R2.
3) I had to reverse the connections to Pins
1 and 2 on the opto-isolator because logic
zero at the Color Computer serial port ( —
12V. at Pin 4) must cause current to flow in
the 20MA loop.
4) For a 16K machine the values poked
into locations 360 and 361 in line 290 of
Listing 2 must be changed to point to the
beginning address of the driver. (Jumping to
non-existent memory has interesting
effects!)
5) When I finally got both hardware and
software working, I still got numerous mis-
takes (e.g. @ instead of blank). I was able to
correct these by slightly slowing the baud
rate (POKE 149,2 : POKE 150,10) and
increasing the carriage return delay (POKE
151,128).
6) I like the slashthrough the zero, not the
oh, so I modified the driver to interchange
these characters.
7) In order to print Spectaculator work-
sheets I covered Pins 7 and 8 (top and bot-
tom towards back of the computer) with
tape. Then the computer comes up in
BASIC. I can first load and run the driver,
then jump to Spectaculator with EXEC
&HC000.
Again, thanks for a helpful article and a
helpful magazine.
Robert W. Longer
Eau Claire, WI
JUST CLUE THEM IN
Editor:
We were pleased to see our program
Inspector Clueseau reviewed favorably in
the March 1983 issue. We would like to
assure readers that they can obtain a version
of Clueseau without the high speed POKE
commands — just let us know with the order.
Susan Petrocci
Tucson, AZ
BOUQUETS AND BRICKBATS
Editor:
I want to again recommend Custom
Software Engineering of Cocoa Beach, Fla.
I bought their Disk Double Entry system
last month.
Since I was having some problems getting
the account numbering system to do exactly
what I wanted it to do, I sent them some
printouts reflecting all of the work I had
done.
Melvm Hefter marked them up so that the
system would do what I wanted, and
returned them with a very nice letter that
gave me additional insights into the system.
You can't ask for any better service than
they gave me.
S. E. Clarke
Calabasas, CA
Editor:
Thanks for your help in finally obtaining
my solution program f rom Snake M ountain
Software. I am sure that their decision to
send me the program is a directresult of your
involvement in the matter.
The solution is a great program which I
know I am going to enjoy very much. If this
program is any example, Snake Mountain
produces excellent quality software.
They do, however, have a lot to learn
about customer relations. As a result, I
won't be buying any more software from
them in the future and I won't be recom-
mending them to my friends. This is too bad,
considering the apparent quality of their
products.
Thanks again for your help. If possible, I
have an even better impression of the Rain-
bow than I did before.
Jack O. Bevill
Mountain City, GA
Editor:
I would like to compliment one of your
advertisers. I ordered a set of64K chips from
Spectrum Projects. The price was $15 less
than any other advertisement I'd seen. The
chips arrived a little over a week later (and I
paid for them with a check). Complete
instructions were provided f or both "D" and
"E" board installations. I was very surprised
at the speed in which I received my order!
Keep up the good work?
James D. Nicholson
Columbus, OH
SLEW POKE
Editor:
For all you Donkey King addicts who find
three men are just not enough, try this. After
loading the program but prior to executing,
type from the keyboard:
POKE 129 14, A
The "A" represents the number of men
you would like. Substitute any number in
place of the A.
Mike Huffman
Glendale, AZ
HINTS 'N' TIPS
Editor:
As I was playing a game on my 32K CoCo,
a thought dawned on me. I was wondering if
there was some way to give me extra men
(ships) on some of the more challenging
games in rriy program library. As I attemp-
ted to do so I found it was easier than I
imagined. Here are the results on three of my
newer programs:
After loading type,
Donkey King POKE 12904, (1-200)
Invasion POKE 7446, ( 1-40)
Dunkey Munkey . . . POKE 15121, (1-100)
Note: on Donkey King specify a practice
game.
Harry Sawyer
Wat c hung, NJ
Editor:
Enjoy reading your magazine — like the
articles. Hate the typing. ..so I think the fol-
lowing will help anyone keying in Half Life
by D.C. Lengyel, page 35, March 1983 issue.
Rather than type in all that data, how about:
55 1=0
60 FOR B=1T029 STEP 2: FOR
A=0TO45 STEP 5
70 1=1+1
75 X(I)=A:Y(I)=B
80 NEXT A:NEXT B
Then you can delete lines 90-128.
Should be easier.
Harry Poster
S. Hack, NJ
Editor:
One evening af ter a long period of use, my
computer no longer recognized when a key
was struck. A call to a local Radio Shack set
me at ease. It seems that if one leaves the
joysticks plugged in, and conditions are
right (or wrong depending on your point of
view), the joysticks somehow, sometimes,
block the keyboard signal. I unplugged them
and no more problem with my keyboard
locking up.
Jim Taylor
Miami, FL
8 the RAINBOW June, 1983
The Official
The game that puts space games in
perspective, Zaxxon '". one of the most
popular arcade games of 1982, is now avail-
able for use with your home computer
system,
Zaxxon ,M technology and creativity present
a 3-dimensional-like playfield which sets
Zaxxon ,M apart from other computer games,
Zaxxon ,w looks and sounds like aircraft
flight, and players can soar to new levels of
home computer entertainment, From the
daring attack on the enemy's floating for
tress and the blazing battle against the en
emy's fighter fleet to the final showdown with
the deadly armored robot, Zaxxon ,w chal
lenges the skill and imagination of every
player at every level of skill.
Imagine yourself the pilot, attacking the
enemy fortress-climbing, diving, strafing to
score points and extra fuel. The enemy
fights back with a barrage of missiles and
gunfire. Then you face a fleet of enemy fight-
ers in a gripping dogfight of altitude strategy
and flying skill. Survive this battle and the
enemy's fortress, defended with laser bar-
riers, then youVe earned the ultimate chal-
lenge; a blazing confrontation with the pow-
erful robot, armed with a lethal homi
missile,
Zaxxon m is the one game that you must see
to beiieve. You have to play it to feel its im-
pact. If you're ready to face the challenge,
check with your local software dealer or
send check or money order with $2.00 post-
age 'handling, California residents add
6Ve% sales tax, Available on cassette or
diskette. Suggested retail price $39.95.
Available in January on Atari', February on
Apple* and Radio Shack 1 Color, and April
on Tl 99 4A'" and NEC 6000"
COMPUTER SORWAPE
9421 Wi n net ka Avenue
Chatsworth, CA 91311
{21 3) 701-5161
©1982 Datasoft 1 *' Inc.
Datasofr is a registered trademark of Datasort Inc *
Se^fl" and Zaxxon'* are regfsiered icademarks of Sega Enterprises inc
ColorQuesf
GAMES
For The TRS-80 Color
and TDP System 100
Fast Machine Code • Hi-res Color Graphics • Exciting Arcade Action and Sound
Fembots/^ Revenge
BEyOND THE CIMEEDN MOON
TM
TM
3-D GRAPHIC ADVENTURE
Make love not war? Not with these sultry FEMBOTS! What a
tale you'll tell IF you live to lei I it! Cold steel never feltso HOT!
The color and excitement of ARCADE ACTION combined
with the sophistication, intellectual challenge and skill of an
ADVENTURE GAME doesn t fully describe this cosmic
shoot'em up.
16K Tape $29.95 32K Disk $34.95
*
•
■
*
* -
*
: rh : | :
■
■
i
TM
by Tom Czarnecki
The ONLY Ms. game around A
must for your PAC-like game
collection
16KTape $19.95
16K Disk $24.95
TRS-90 is a trademark «f Tandy Corp.
by Kevin Herrboldt & Tim Nelson
3-D GRAPHIC ADVENTURE
A dead star , . . A derlict vessel ... or is it? Trapped
within you must venture the corridors; defend yourself
against the merciless gauntlet of agentsof the machine
mind. A real-lime, high-res, 3-D science fiction
adventure game of mind-blowing magnitude.
16K Tape $24.95 32K Disk $29.95
Hduenture ( /rt , E
/
by Kevin Herrboldt & Tim Netson
3-D GRAPHIC ADVENTURE
Clash steel with thy foe in the arena of gore. Proved
worthy, go in quest of the elusive Eye of Dazmor. If ye
f indest the orb. hast ye the might to ward off skem and
the fortitude to restore the Eye? The ultimate high-res,
3-D quest for even the most experienced adventurer 1
16K Tape $24.95 32K Disk $29.95
For Orders
ONLY Call
Toll Free
800-328-2737
Fast Machine Code • Hi-res Color Graphics • Exciting Arcade Action and Sound
INTERCEPTOR
by Scott Snyder
Goes beyond "DEFENDER"
and "STARGATE" to offer the
most realistic ARCADE
simulation possible. Warp
speed action, multi-colored
terrain and long-range viewer
make this game tops,
16K Tape $19.95
32K Disk $24.95
T M
by Dan Nelson
Why fly to VEGAS when you can have a
casino at home! The VEGAS GAMEPAK is
live action packed games with great
graphics & sound. SLOT MACHINE -
BLACKJACK - UP AND DOWN THE RIVER
- CRAPS & KENO,
16K Tape $19.95 16K Disk $24.95
o
o
by Tom Czarnecki
Fast paced maze chase game will 16K Tape S19.95
entertain the entire family, 16K Disk $24.95
ColorQuesf
A Division of Softlaw Corp. 612/881-2777
9072 Lyndale Ave, So,, Minneapolis, MN 55420
AUTHORS' SUBMISSIONS ARE ENCOURAGED
Available at Dealers everywhere.
If you Dealer is out of stock ORDER DIRECTI
by Tom Czarnecki
Shades of smartbombs and hurtling comets! Defending
your planet from invasion was never s« challenging.
Disruptor fire is your main defense again stthe fierce alien
attacks.
16K Tape S19.95 32K Disk $24.95
ORDERING
VTSA
Customer service and product support call (612) 881-2777
Make checks or money orders payable to Nelson
Software Systems. Personal checks ailow 3 weeks.
MAIL ORDERS; $2.00 U.S. Shipping ($4.00 CANADA
$10 OVERSEAS) Add $2.00 for CO D.
ORDERS SHIPPED SAME DAY!
ETTER
OFTWARE COMPANY
f O B*x 16842 - Sta B
Greenv>lle, Soulh Carolina 29606
(813) 233-2700
PRESENTS
COLOR-STICK
Th« ORIGINAL interface for
rheTRS-60*
Color Compurer ro let
you use rhe famous:
ATARI* JOYSTICK'
Just plug your Atari or Atari like
joystick (the Color-Stick enables the
use of most joysticks made for the
Atari) into the Color Stick interface
and then plug the Color-Stick into an
empty joystick port.
The Color-Stick can improve
scores 50% and more while making
some games more exciting and fun to
play.
•on't settle for cheap imitations,
•nly the ORIGINAL Color-Stick's
small inline design allows you to just
plug your joystick into it and forget it.
The Color-Stick becomes a part of
your joystick so it does not interfere
with your game playing. In addition
Color-Stick returns a full value of '63'
for the right and down directions,
even when using two joysticks and
even in the diagonal directions, the
others don't.
NOW Color-Stick has a
new low price
Color-Stick interface $12.95 each
two for $22.95 (less joysticks)
Atari joysticks $9.95 each
ETTER
OFTWARE COMPANY
P.O. Box 16842 Sta. B
Greenville, S^uth Carolina 29606
(St 3) 233-27M
Don't miss out order the
ORIGINAL. Send your check or
money order or better yet call
today and order your Color-Stick.
Add $2.#t per order
welcomed {pteuse inclutte expirau«o dale), •rrfers paid
b'j cashiers check, rn»ney orders, bank cards and
C.#.P. are shipped within 4fl h*ur;> Personal checks
please iil low 1 2'.o^ks C.O.D. orders acid 51. SO «* <ra.
S.C, residents add 4% sales fax. *TRS-$#j$o registered
nademark •f Tandy Corp. Atari is a registered
nademark of Atart, (nc.
1 have only to think back to a year ago at this time to remember how excited
we were! The Rainbow had only then received its first typesetting unit and plans
were a-buzz for the First Anniversary Issue in July. We had a few surprises up
our sleeves then — a four-color cover, typeset copy and some other really
interesting things. And we were really impressed by the size, 64 pages in total.
Now, we are in the middle of preparations for the Second Anniversary Issue.
And it is going to be something. 1 hope that you will be impressed with some of
the features which we plan to include. And, evenmore, I am certain you will be
doubly impressed with a major innovation which we will be including with the
July issue next month.
This is not the Anniversary column — that comes next month. But it is a sort
of preview to the next issue in that 1 think you will really enjoy the surprise we
have planned for you. It is truly something which has never been done by a
computer magazine before at least to our knowledge - - and 1 think it will be
the talk of the industry. Too, we believe it will besomethingthat will be useful, as
well. Don't miss the July Second Anniversary Issue! It is one you will be wanting
to have for sure!
1
By the way, 1 want to take this time to introduce a new publication to those
which we at Falsof t, lnc M our parent company, will be introducing in a month or
so. The title is Portable Computing Magazine, and it is designed primarily for
the new TRS-80 Model 100 Portable Computer.
You may have seen a mention of this new computer in The Pipeline last
month. We think it is really sensational and believe Portable Computing Maga-
zine will be able to aid in the growth and development of this system much as we
hope it has been able to for the Color Computer.
Nope, we certainly do not plan to slacken our interest in, excitement for and
affection directed at CoCo, But, just as we have grown f rom 64 pages in July,
1982 to 276 pages today — just 1 1 short months we have grown from two
members of our staff to almost 20 full-time. 1 believe we can easily support a
second magazine without doing injustice to either computer system.
As did the Rainbow, Portable Computing Magazine will start small and
expand. And, although it will not start quite as small as did the Rainbow (two
pages in July, 1981), weexpect it - like its big brother — to grow and expand. 1
hope you will take a look at the Model 100 and at Portable Computing Maga-
zine when it appears. And yes, we're taking subscriptions at a charter rate of $23
until July 1 — $28 afterwards. Canadian 1iWcf 5 for h eig^ will be
slightly higher.
So, where's Falk's picture this month, you might wonder. It is missing because
we wanted to show you the logo for Portable Computing Magazine instead. For
those of you who want something to throw darts at. it'll be back next month.
( continued on page 78 )
12
the RAINBOW June, 1983
BUY ANY
ONE ITEM
TAKE A
10%
DISCOUNT
BUY TWO OR
MORE ITEMS
TAKE A
15%
DISCOUNT
"1
ARCADE GAMES
SPECTRAL
ASSOCIATES
SPACE WAR-Fast action. You must break through enemy
defenses of death star to win. Watch out for black holes. 16k
& joystick required
CASSETTE $21.95
BATTLE FLEET-Traditional favorite. As Admiral-in-
Command, you declare war against opponent or computer.
Challenges your naval tactics. Extended basic required.
CASSETTE $14.95
SPACE TRADERS-Can you become the Horatio Alger of
outer space? Become a millionaire if you make the right
moves for 2 to 4 players. Extended Basic required.
CASSETTE $14.95
ROBOT BATTLE-Ciuide your human through an ever
changing maze and never ending attacks of robot hordes. A
berserk type game. 16k joysticks required.
CASSETTE $21.95
KEYS OF THE WIZARD-Super adventure game. Hundreds
of rooms filled with treasures, magic spells, traps and
puzzles. Save game in progress. 16k.
CASSETTE $19.95
GALAX ATTACK-lf you want a challenge, this is it! Pat-
terned after Galaxians. An arcade quality game. 16k and
joysticks required.
CASSETTE $21.95
SUB HUNT-As the commander of a destroyer, you must
destroy as many enemy subs as you can before they destroy
you. 16k extended basic.
CASSETTE $14.95
ALCATRAZ 11-No one escapes from Alcatraz 1 1, not even
you! Think you can be the first? 16k extended basic.
CASSETTE $8.95
LASER COMMAND-Defend your cities and missle base
from the deadly alien lasers. Multiple waves of attackers.
16k extended basic and joystick required.
CASSTETTE $10.95
COSMIC SUPER BOWL-Fast action interstellar
football. Five skill levels to provide a challenge. One or more
players. 16k
CASSETTE $14.95
GHOST GOBBLER-Four relentless ghosts intent on your
destruction. Chase your gobbler around this super maze. Best
of the pac-man type games. 16k and joysticks
required.
CASSETTE $21.95
LOTHAR'S LABYRINTH-An excellent version of the
popular word search puzzle. The computer hides up to 48
words on the screen in all directions. Use the computers
words or your own. Extended basic.
CASSETTE $14.95
PLANET INVASION-If you enjoy Defender, you will love
this one. Lots of fast action. 16k and joysticks
required.
CASSETTE $21.95
SPACE RACE — Maneuver yourself around a race track in
space, but beware of alien ships, the collectors, swarmers
and bezerkers they are all out to do you in.
CASSETTE $21.95
DEFENSE-If you like Polaris and Missle Command this
game is for you. A must for your collection. 16k and joystick
required.
CASSETTE $21.95
PIRATES AH#Y-Find a sunken ship and treasures in this
witty and humerous text adventure. 32k.
CASSETTE $9.95
ESCAPE FROM PRISON CITY-Explore the Prison City
where your spacecraft has been shot down. You must find a
battery for your spacecraft in order to escape. 16k extended
basic.
CASSETTE $8.95
COLOR ZAP-Super space game! Dodge incoming photon
torpedos before they penetrate your defenses. 16k and
joysticks required.
CASSETTE $9.95
WRITE FOR OUR
FREE CATALOG
TOM MIX
SOFTWARE
BIRD ATTACK-Shoot the birdmen before they decend
upon you. Watch out for their droppings. 16k extended
basic.
CASSETTE $21.95
DONKEY KING-Exciting sound and graphics, four screens
like the arcade game. Never before have you seen a game like
this for your Color Computer. The best! Requires 32k.
CASSETTE ....$24.95 DISK ....$27.95
WAR KINGS-Shield your castle against cannonball attack
and deflect them towards your opponets castle. 16k extended
basic and joysticks required.
CASSETTE $19.95
PROTECTORS-Enemy fighters drop bombs on your city.
Destroy them before they destroy your city. Just like the
Defenders arcade game. Requires 32k.
CASSETTE $24.95
KATERPILLAR ATTACK-A fast-paced arcade game.
Rave revues by color computermagazines. 16k and joysticks
required.
CASSETTE $24.95
COMPUTERWARE®
STARSHIP CHAMELEON-You must defend your planet
against attack. You have the ability to change color in order
to destroy on-coming bombs and anti-matter. Nine levels of
play.
CASSETTE ....$24.95 DISK ....$29.95
STORM-A real TEMPFST of a game. Exciting and colorful.
15 battlefields, 9 levels of play.
CASSETTE ....$24.95 DISK ....$29.95
EL DIABLERO-You awake, dazed and confused, in the
middle of the desert. You have been learning techniques of
sorcery from an old man who lives in these parts. He told
you of his enemy, an evil sorcerer, "Diabloero", now your
teacher is missing and you are alone! Pure adventure.
CASSETTE .. ..$19.95 DISK . .. .$24.95
DOODLE BUG-Your lady bug hustles through an intricate
maze of barriers and turnstiles, eating dots, letters and
hearts. Exquisite sound and graphics.
CASSETTE ....$24.95 DISK ....$29.95
RAIL RUNNER-Your engineer must scurry over the tracks
of the busiest switch yard ever, to rescue the hobo's on the
other side of the tracks.
CASSETTE ....$21.95 DISK ....$26.95
SHARK TREASURE-You must dive through shark infested
waters to bring back treasures from the ocean floor.
CASSETTE ....$21.95 DISK ....$29.95
MEGAPEDE-A very fast version of the Centepede type
game. Not for the faint of heart.
CASSETTE.... $2 1.95 DISK ....$29.95
COLOR BONANZA
50 Programs - 6 Cassettes
Some 4K * Some 16K * Some 32K
Games — Educational — Utilities
FUN FORTHE WHOLE FAMILY
Only $49.95
Plus $2.50 Shipping
CoCo
c Watehouse
Where Shopping By Mail Is "USER FRIENDLY"
500 N. DOBSON WESTLAND, MI 48185
Phone (313) 722-7957
SOFT SECTOR
MARKETING
DEATH TRAP-As a tank commander it's your job to find a
safe passage through the maze of city streets that contain
mines and other hazards.
CASSETTE $19.95
OKI-PRINT-Is a basic language program that is designed to
do high resolution screen dumps from the Radio Shack or
TDP-liO Color Computer, to an Okidata Microline 82A
printer. OKI-PRINT wil dump any P MODE M,
P(M - MODE, P - PAGE). If the P MODE is I or 3 (which
are color modes) the printer will attempt to shade the dif-
ferent colors in lighter and darker intensities of black in
order to make them more recognizeable. Extended basic re-
quired.
CASSETTE $19.95
DISASSEMBLER 6809-This is an interactive disassembler
that allows you to call and examine subroutines or look at
labels in an ASCI 1 mode without losing your place in the
disassembly. It is primarily a SCREEN oriented
disassembler, but does have printer output capability.
CASSETTE $14.95
ANIMATED HANGMAN-Playing hangman has never been
so much fun. He winks. .he blinks. .he almost lives! An
outstanding game for the whole family. Fun and educa-
tional.
CASSETTE $12.95
CONCENTRATION/CONNECT UP 4-Concentration is a
memory type game. You are trying to match up the screen
displays. Connect up 4 is a game where you try to match 4
dots of color in a row, but the person that you are playing
with is trying to do the same thing. A game of strategy.
CASSETTE $9.95
HURDLERS-You are a hurdler running down the track try-
ing to clear the jumps. If you miss, you fall flat on your face.
Requires 16k extended basic.
CASSETTE $14.95
QUALITY SOFTWARE
SHIPWRECK-Your stranded on a deserted island and your
only hope for escape is your own wits and cunning. Can you
find your way back to civilization? 16-32k.
CASSETTE $14.95
INTRACOLOR
COLORPEDE-It's up to you to destroy the Colorpede,
knock out the bouncing bug and eliminate toad stools. Ex-
cellent version of the Centepede game.
CASSETTE ....$29.95 DISK ....$34.95
MARK DATA
HAYWIRE-An exciting combination of angry Robots and
the indestructable Menace will provide hours of challenge.
The classic Bezerk type game. 16k.
CASSETTE $24.95
CALIXTO ISLAND-A challenging sometimes humerous ex-
cursion to find stolen treasure.
CASSETTE $19.95
THE BLACK SANCTUM-You are pitted against the forces
of Black Magic in this spooky adventure. 16k.
CASSETTE $19.95
CAVE HUNTER-Maneuver your way through a spooky
cave to retrieve the treasures at the bottom. 16k and joystick
required.
CASSETTE $24.95
ASTRO BLAST-Here's the space shoot 'em up you've been
asking for. 16k.
CASSETTE $24.95
SPACE RAIDERS-A sensational rendition of the arcade
classic Invaders. Selectable skill levels. 16k.
CASSETTE $24.95
HOW TO ORDER BY MAIL: For prompt and courteous
shipment SEND MONEY ORDER, CERTIFIED CHECK,
CASHIERS CHECK, MASTERCARD/VISA (include card
number, inter- bank No., expiration date and signature).
PERSONAL AND BUSINESS CHECKS MUST CLEAR
OUR BANK BEFORE PROCESSING. Shipping and pack-
aging charge of $2.50 minimum must be added to all
orders in continental US (Canadian orders $5.00 mini-
mum). Michigan residents include 4% sales tax, 10%
deposit required on C.O.D. orders.
BUILDING JUNE'S RAINBOW
The Printed Word Issue . . .
Our May-becomes- June get ahead edition . .
Some things defy easy explana-
tion. You can see it in people's eyes
when they don't really understand.
With a perplexed look they mutter
something like, "Well, I can see
where you're coming from," even
when you suspect they don't have
the foggiest glimpse. Such was the
case when I tried to explain why I
decided to spray paint the vintage
family typewriter and make a planter
out of it.
My grandmother would have
understood, and never have ques-
tioned my motives. Of course, she
might have preferred to make a lamp
outof it. She and I shared a feeling of
sentimentality over utilitarian items.
But, for those of you who can drive
the old family car to the car lot with-
out a twinge of emotion, who
wouldn't dream of placing an old
wagon wheel in the garden and,
otherwise, can't "relate" to a bit of
whimsicality, let me just say that
making a planter out of the old Royal
seems, to me, like the "highest and
best" use of a machine whose turn
has come, and gone, in this compu-
ter printer age.
This month we're focusing on
printers with a baker's dozen articles
directly related to the Color Compu-
ter's most popular peripheral! A cen-
terpiece is our printer control code
conversion chart on page 156. And
Dick White's printer utility on page
198 is a guaranteed crowd pleaser.
The LLIST is too long to mention
them all, but check them out-
including our printer reviews.
Of course, as always, we aim for a
balanced mix of article and program
offerings. For armchair pilots, we
have "Flying the Sopwith CoCo," a
toughy of a Simulation program.
(Areyou developing an entry forour
Simulation contest?) And, for
gamers, our John "Crazy" Fraysee
masterwork, Rainbow Roach, is a
fast-moving, arcade-like run-for-
your-lifer that'll slay you for sure.
Get started on page 38 with a bit of
Fraysee-ness that seems a lot more
plausible than those frogs on logs
who drown every time they hit the
water.
In addition to more than two
dozen reviews, from Autoterm to
Zaxxon, there's plenty for the
serious Color Computer user from
our expert panel of contributing edi-
tors, including our new technical
editor, Dan Downard, who's out to
debug the magazine as well as
develop a hybrid bug of his own
creation.
Among our four articles on educa-
tion, Dr. J. C. Kretschmer's piece on
using CoCo to estimate the diffi-
culty level of reading material is
especially intriguing.
All in all, it's 276 pages all for
CoCo, all for about a penny a page
on the newsstands. That sounds
hard to beat, but here's a proven
method: pull out our subscription
card and mail it before midnight
tonight— then you'll be among the
ranks of those in the CoCo Com-
munity who never worry about arriv-
ing at the local bookstore too late
and who get all that's Under the
Rainbow for just $22 a year.
—Jim Reed
TALK IS CHEAP.
You want your color computer
to talk, but how much will it
cost?
$50? $100? $200? No.
$29^5?
Yes! SPEAK UP!™ from
is a machine language
800—334-0854 Ext. 890
RAINBOW
CERTIFICATION
SEAL
Voice Synthesizer program for yourTRS-
80 Color Computer.* It is 100% software.
Nothing else to buy. Best of all, YOU CAN
MAKE BASIC PROGRAMS TALK! It's
easy to use, and will say virtually anything.
SPEAK UP! For $29.95.
Talk really is cheap!
P.O. Box 12247
Lexington, Kentucky 40582
VISA
LIU
T.M. Tandy Corp.
16k minimum
14 the RAINBOW June, 1983
TH€
PfiOGAflm/TOR€
A
Color Computer Collection
•• •••• ,.//
E.T.T.
From Soft Sector
NEW — Extra Terrestrial Typing — Those famous
fingers are familiar — none other than E.T.! His
sensitive five fingers expertly tutor from novice to
expert. You couldn't ask for 'a friendlier teacher —
watch closely as E.T points the way.
16K Tape, $19.95
CATERPILLAR
From Soft Sector Marketing
This is the fast-action arcade game you've been
waiting to play at home! You must hit mushrooms
and caterpillars — segment by segment — moths
and tumble bugs. The challenges: they are all
moving; when hit they split into additional seg-
ments or metamorphose into different shapes;
when you destroy a caterpillar, the new one that
replaces it is a segment longer than the original!
16K Tape, $19.95 <m&x.
VOYAGER I
From Avalon Hill
You're on board a spaceship infested with killer
robots in this graphic science fiction game. You
must clear the 4-level 144-location ship of robots
and arm it to self-destruct. Can you do it and es-
cape before you, too, are blown up? High-speed
graphics are represented in 3-D perspective rep-
resenting your eye's view; with instant switching to
floor plan maps. Extended BASIC required.
16KTape, $19.95
color zap ^
By Frank Smith -^wJif
From Spectral ^ ^ v
Super space game written h machine language
with highest resolution graphics. Avoid the incom-
ing photon torpedoes as defensive fighters ap-
pear and attack your ship. Guaranteed fun and
fast action. Zap the enemy! Joystick required.
16K Tape, $9.95
NEVER BEFORE!
Never before have there been
COLOR DISKS! Never before
have we advertised blank
DISKS! But these are so
special. . .
INTRODUCING
COLOR
DISKETTES
Bright and bold! Premium quality mini diskettes in
5 brilliant colors: red, orange, yellow, blue, green.
Single sided, soft sectored, double density with
hub rings. Use them just for beauty or to color
code your programs and data!
Box of 10 — all one color or
Box of 10 — 2 each color
$34.50 Box
xo
3D
TIC-TAC-TOE
By Scott Adams
From Adventure International
A real family favorite with 8 separate skill levels.
Use four 4X4 boards stacked one atop the other
for Tic-Tac-Toe you never imagined. This real-time
game features sound, optional joystick and the
challenge and excitement to thrill your friends and
family.
16KTape, $14.95
DRAGONQUEST
By Charles Forsythe
From Programmer's Guild
Search for the Monarch of Dragonfolk in a des-
perate race against the sun. You, Sir Knight, must
rescue and return the kidnapped Princess before
nightfall. Find the weapons, food and magical
items you need while exploring unfamiliar lands in
this magnificent machine language adventure.
Can you vanquish Smaegor and beat the setting
sun? Extended basic required.
16K Tape, $15.95
Over 2500 Programs for TRS-80,
For Information Call
202-363-9797
Visit our other stores:
829 Bethel Rd., Columbus OH
Seven Corners Center, Falls Church, VA
W. Bell Plaza, 6600 Security Blvd., Baltimore, MD
White Flint Mall, Rockville Pike, Rockville, Md.
wmr -
Lpaogrmti /TOfK
WAR KINGS
From Tom Mix
A challenge game for two with three skill levels.
Battle to save your King and Castle. Not only can
you protect your castle by moving your shields,
but you can deflect the cannonball towards an op-
ponent's castles. High resolution graphics and
outstanding sound. Requires extended basic and
joysticks.
16KTape, $19.95
SOLO POOL
From Tom Mix
Now, play pool on your Color Computer! Even
without a cuestick you can be an expert. Play
againstthe computer or afriend. With multiple skill
levels, this is a game the entire family can play and
enjoy! Shoot in super color. Extended basic re-
quired.
16KTape, $17.95
TREK 16
By C. Roslund
From Tom Mix
An outstanding adventure with screen display.
Journey through space aboard the Starship En-
terprise with all the familiar characters. Notfor the
amateur — requires the cunning of Captain Kirk
and the logic of Mr. Spock. Extended basic re-
quired. Happy trekking!
16KTape, $19.95
PROTECTORS
From Tom Mix Software
You have 4 ships armed with laser cannon and
smart bombs. They have waves of enemy fight-
ers; their mother ships have lasers and heat-
seeking mines. Get a new ship for each 5,000
points you score. Exciting arcade action with hi res
4-color graphics.
32K Tape, $24.95
COLORPEDES
From Intracolor
Try to keep up with the Colorpedes! Keep moving
for quick scoring, smooth and accurate controls
and fast action play with arcade quality sound ef-
fects. Keep your eyes on the high resolution, mul-
ticolored characters on the black background. Not
just another game — this is a real escapade!
16K Tape, $29.95
ATARI 400/800, APPLE. IBM & VIC 20.
THGfX I XI
PAOGRflffliTOM
Coming Soon to Boston,
Philadelphia and Pittsburgh.
t.m To Order Call Toil-Free
800-424-2738
MAIL ORDERS: Send check or M.'O. for total pur-
chase price, plus $2.00 postage & handling. D.C., MD: &
VA.: add sales tax. Charge cards: Include all embossed in-
formation.
© 1982 The Program Store, Inc.
I
I Item
I
THE PROGRAM STORE • Dept. 24-05-3 • Box 9582 • 4200 Wisconsin Ave., N.W., Washington, D.C. 20016
Tape/Disk/Book
Price Postage $2.00 Name
Total Address...
□ CHECK □ VISA City
□ MASTERCARD Card #
Computer
State
Zip.
Exp
Who Wrote the Rainbow's
First Trivia Game?
answer: Gary Wick
Here it is. A Trivia Game that can be used by every
80C user. You don't need more than 4K and
you don't need Extended BASIC. If you do have
more memory or Extended — Great, your Trivia Game will
be that much better.
The program listed below allows you to add your own
sounds and graphics. Create your own scoringscheme or the
amount of time allowed to players to answer each question.
This game has been designed so that you can change it to
your own tastes. Best of all, for those who don't program
much, it's easy to make up your own Trivia Game with this
program. You can make it a Sports, Rock & Roll or Old
Movie Stars Trivia Game. Whatever you want.
This game has been tested at several social gatherings by
non-computer people and has proven to be popular. Rules
for this game are:
1) One player per game.
2) Player earns + 10 points f or correct answer, — 5 points f or
incorrect answer.
3) If player doesn't enter an answer within 5 seconds, the
game ends.
4) Game also ends when program runs out of questions.
(Twenty-five questions is enough. More than that can
tire or bore the player.)
You're sure to enjoy this very versatile game.
Here is how you can design the game to your own tastes:
Lines
10-100
120
140
160
240-330
270
350-400
430-510
570-810
Program Description
Sets score(s) to zero and starts the game.
N is the number of trivia questions.
A$ are the trivia questions.
B$ are the trivia answers.
This loop checks to see if input to the keyboard
equals B$, the correct answer. Line 300 is the time
given player to complete his (her) answer. Line
is the time given player to enter an answer.
Program goes to this routine if the answer is
wrong. This is a good place to insert your own
sounds and graphics.
Program goes to this routine if answer is correct.
This is a good place to insert your own sounds and
graphics.
Insert your own questions and answers.
Obviously, this game is very simple. Some of you more
experienced programmers are probably wondering, "Why
didn't he do this?" or "Why didn't he do that?" I did write it
other ways but found that this simple version was the most
popular. It goes to show that a program doesn't depend on
its complexity but on whether the user enjoys it.
The listing:
300.
570.
700.
END
.0215
03FD
06A2
08E7
0 7 *****TRIVIA GAME*****
1 * ******GARY WICK******
2 * *****MAD I SON , W I ******
10 S=0
20 FOR P=l TO 600: NEXT P
30 CLS
40 PRINT @233, "TRIVIA QUI Z "
50 FOR K=l TO 850: NEXT K
60 CLS (4)
70 PRINT© 52, "SCORE: "S
80 INPUT "ENTER YES WHEN READY-RE
ADY"; Y*
90 IF Y*= M YES" THEN 100 ELSE 80
100 CLS
110 N=N+1
120 IF N=25 THEN GOTO 520
140 READ A*
160 READ B$
170 PRINT @34,"F0R TEN POINTS...
ii
180 PRINT @96,A*
190 T=0
200 T=T+1
210 SOUND 128, 1
220 FOR Q=l TO 390:NEXTQ
230 IF T=10 THEN 240 ELSE 200
240 PRINTS 298, "ANSWER NOW"
250 X*=""
260 T=0
16 the RAINBOW June, 1983
AMDISK-III
The AMDISK-III micro-floppy disk system is an engi-
neering breakthrough tn disk size, storage capacity,
media protection and user convenience. It's fully com-
patible with your Radio Shack* " Color Computer. En-
joy a full 624 KBytet (formatted) storage capability
and the extra convenience of the new 3 " hard plastic
encased diskettes. They fit into a shirt pocket and are
easy to mail, too
The AMDISK-III drive system is ruggedly constructed
for years of trouble-free operation , and is backed with
our 90 day warranty on parts and labor.
Just circle the reader service number to receive com-
plete specifications,
* Radio Shack is a registered trademark ol Tandy Corporalion
t Requires record tn g on both sides.
2201 Lively Btvd, • Elk Grove Village JL 60007 V
(312)364-1180 TLX: 25-4786 ^
Amdek , . your guide to innovative computing!
Dealer inquiries invited
270 IF T=100 THEN 60T0 515
280 Z*=INKEY*
290 T=T+1
300 IF T=300 THEN 60T0 340
310 X*=X*+Z*: PRINT @ 360, X*
320 IF X*="" THEN GOTO 270
330 IF X*=B* THEN 430 ELSE 280
340 CLS
350 SOUND 100, 10
360 PRINT 9225, "SORRY, YOU' RE WRO
N6"
370 FOR Q=l TO 1000: NEXT Q
380 S=S-5
390 CLS
400 GOTO 20
430 SOUND 200 , 1 5
440 S=S+10
450 CLS
460 C=0
470 C=C+1
480 FOR Q=l TO 300: NEXT Q
490 CLS(C>
500 PRINTQ235, "CORRECT! ! ! ";
510 IF C=7 THEN 20 ELSE 470
515 CLS(8):PRINT @ 69, "SORRY, YO
U'RE TOO SLOW.";: FOR Q=l TO 1000
:NEXT Q
520 CLS
Co Co - Cooler Si
Brings operating
temperature
to ambient,
regardless
of
accessory
load
• Reduces temperature
of ENTIRE computer . . .
not just the SAM chip
Easy 1-minute installation
Companion Keyboard Cover $7.95
Co Co Software
• Send For Free Catalog • For Fastest Service
Send Money Order Or Certified Check • Add
$2.00 Shipping Charge Per Order • Calif
Residents Add 6*A% Sales Tax • All Merchandise
Shipped From Stock •
REM Industries, Inc.
9420 "B 'Lurline Ave., Chatsworth, CA 91311
(213) 341-3719
530 PRINT @ 202, "END OF GAME "
540 PRINT @ 38, "YOUR SCORE IS: "S
550 PRINT @ 353,"T0 PLAY AGAIN, E
NTER RUN"
570 DATA NAME RIN TIN TIN'S OWNE
R, RUSTY
580 DATA HOWDY DOODY LIVED IN -?
, DOODYVILLE
590 DATA WHO PLAYED ALAN BRADY 0
N THE DICK VAN DYKE SHOW
?,CARL REINER
600 DATA FULL NAME OF BATMAN'S B
UTLER, ALFRED PENNYWORTH
610 DATA WHO PLAYED MRS PEEL IN
THE AVENGERS?, DIANA RIGG
620 DATA THE VOICE OF MR MAGOO?,
JIM BACKUS
630 DATA IN CAR 54 WHO PLAYED OF
FICER MULDOON?, FRED GWYNNE
640 DATA WHAT WAS BARNABY JONES'
OFFICE NUMBER?, 615
650 DATA WHO PLAYED THE PENGUIN
IN BATMAN, BURGESS MEREDITH
660 DATA WHAT IS "KING OF BEERS"
?,BUDWEISER
670 DATA ANDY TAYLOR WAS SHERIFF
OF WHAT TOWN?, MAYBERRY
680 DATA POPEYE'S FOE IS-?,BLUTO
690 DATA ERIC CARTWRIGHT'S NICKN
AME WAS-?,HOSS
700 DATA HEAD OF P&O (SECTION I)
FOR UNLCE?, ALEX AND
ER WAVERLY
710 DATA COMMANDER OF FORT APACH
E ON RIN— TIN— TIN?,
LIEUTENANT RIP MASTERS
720 DATA NAME THE MILL I ON ARE,
JOHN BERESFORD TIPTON
730 DATA SERGEANT JOE FRIDAY'S B
ADGE NO.?, 714
740 DATA NAME CISCO KID'S HORSE,
DIABLO
750 DATA CASPER'S HORSE GHOST FR
I END?, NIGHTMARE
760 DATA WHO WAS MR. WIZARD?, DON
HERBERT
770 DATA ACADEMY AWARD FOR BEST
PICTURE OF 1961?, WEST
SIDE STORY
780 DATA ACADEMY AWARD FOR BEST
PICTURE OF 1973?, THE
STING
790 DATA BEATLE'S LAST ALBUM?,
ABBEY ROAD
800 DATA ACADEMY AWARD FOR BEST
SONG OF 1961?, MOON
RIVER
810 DATA NAME ZORRO'S SERVANT, BE
RNARDO
18 the RAINBOW June, 1983
ANTECO
division of
Antenna Electronics Co.
Fast arcade pinball action
Three different game layouts
Available now at your Software Dealer,
if not haveyour dealer call (800) 433-7631
4-P4 + frf-i-|-l«aB
■ i, >. ri ■ a ■ ■ ^ ■ ■ ■ ■
*** aPf-frl-l-* + -l
■1***1 •■«* + ■> ■ ■
+ l <■■•«•■
*«* + ■■■■■ + *■■
■ riri ■> + *■■■
j ■ ■ ■ .■ ■ . l .i if ■ ■ . f
■ ■■■■■■■■ + *4-*
J. B ■ ■ ■ L I , I I ■ ■ ■
•J
1-I1I-I- I-I1IIPI-4
**■■■■■) I ■■■
r I J 4 ■ ■ fa I I » H «
-■'■■»l-4-|i|""»
■ ■ fa I fa ■ 4
■ ■tlJriilfat-l I
i i ■ ■ ■ r r | i ■■■■
-lifafa-lll'l lll-l I
«■-*■■ ■ i ■ ■
' ■
■I h I I H - . . F I » * •
■ r
■
- -
*
■ ■
■ I
■ f
■. ■
■
■ ■
+ *■
i ■
fa 4
HARDWARE
Building
A Color Computer
To EPSON MX
Printer Interface
By Dennis Snyder
You have finally got your own Radio Shack
TRS-80 Color Computer home and running. Like
most of us, you soon develop a burning desire to
make listings «I your programs, or to do fancier things like
word processing and budgets. So you read all of the litera-
ture on printers and decide on one of the loweost Epson MX
series printers. There are three models: the MX-70, the
MX-80 and the M X- 100. Since descriptions of these printers
have been covered sufficiently elsewhere, 1 will not go into
them here.
After making your selection and rushing home with it,
you hurriedly unpack it, itching to see, in print, all of those
great programs that you wrote. What? It needs a cable! You
rush back to the store and then find out the bad news — there
is no stock cable to connect your Color Computer to the
Epson, And, the Epson requires either a parallel Centronix
plug or a serial converter board. Epson happens to make
two different boards; one is strictly a serial to serial conver-
ter and the other is a serial to parallel converter with 2K of
buffer memory. Both plug into an internal, 26-pin, 100 mil
center connector. However, at discount prices, these cost
approximately $70 and $140 respectively. The $70 Serial
RS-232C/ Current Loop Serial Interface (Cat. Nos. 8140
and 8141) model provides a general purpose RS-232 inter-
face and a TTY current loop interface, much of which is
superflous to a Color Computer application. Epson's Serial
Interface with 2K of buffer memory board is nice with its
own 8048 microprocessor on it, but at about half the price of
the Color Computer, it seems at odds with the objectives of a
loweost system. If you bought the MX-70 or the MX-100
which come with built-in graphics capability, or you intend
to eventually add the Epson "Craphtrax-80"graphics ROM
set, you will need either a parallel Centronix interf ace or the
2K of buffer RAM to support the graphics mode. This is
necessary because a line of bit-image graphics rapidly fills
the internal buffer of the MX printer.
At this time, although 1 have the MX-100, 1 do not have
the need for iu graphics capabilities. Therefore, 1 came up
with a very simple, 2 1C design which interfaces the serial,
RS-232 1/D porl of the Color Computer to the internal
serial port of the MX printers.
Construction
Although the MX series' PC boards appear very similar,
there are some subtle differences between them and definite
differences in the EPROM programs in each machine.
However, the Epson serial interface boards are ed with all
models which implies that area of the circuitry is at least the
same. The serial interface circuit described in this article has
been used successfully with both the Epson MX-80 and
MX-100 printers, and should work with the MX-70. It will
handle alpha-numerics and graphics characters but does not
provide the necessary buffer f or bit image graphics. As can
be seen in the schematics (Figure 1), the circuit consists of
only two lCs, a few resistors, capacitors and diodes. 1 built
mine on a small, 2.5 x 2.5 inch perf board using point-to-
point wiring. Rather than using a full, 25-pin E1A connec-
tor, 1 used a smaller connector since the Color Computer's
I/O port requires only 3 wires.
With the small number of components used in the circuit,
wiring of the PC board and installing the components is very
straight f orward and not critical. However, it is necessary to
ground all of the unused inputs of the MC75188, or your
printer output will be garbled, if the circuit works at all. 1
have wired in S2, the DIP switch, because 1 may use my
printer with other kinds of computers. If you intend to use
your printer with only a Color Computer, you may want to
eliminate this switch and hardwire in these functions. Switch
SI is optional and can be mounted on the small, removable
plastic panel at the rear of the printer. Since 1 dislike moving
equipment with cablesdangling, 1 also installed a connector
for the printer cable in this panel.
1 had a hard time finding the 4-pin DIN plugs that Radio
Shack uses, so 1 opted to buy their4-pin to 5-pin cable which
is a little longer, and the same price as their 4-pin to 4-pin
cable. 1 removed the 5-pin connector and attached a connec-
tor from my spare parts box. You could use any 4+ pin
connector here, or wire it directly to the serial interface
20 Ihe RAINBOW June, 1983
Figure 1
EPSON MX SERIAL INTERFACE
TO COMPUTER
P1
U1
MC75189
RS230UT)r
13
12V O— VW
R2
39K
P2 TO PRINTER
11
->SI
C6
1000ul
+5V
23
-) SELIN7
CD
RS2321N (■
(10)
U2
MC75188
(1,1)
R1
2k
4
GROUND f
I
C5
220pf
50V
(S2)
14
17
U2
13
(Optional)
S1
13
15
12
12
10
9
11
to
9
21
a
19
-( Bt
< B2
V B3
fU
< PARITY DIS/
«( PAR ALL E L , S E R | A U
< B T 7/
U2-14 O
12Vd<
U1-14
5Vdc
R2 O
U2-1 O-
C4
,01 u*
O-
T
T
-M — L
D1
1 N4001
1
C3
300 uf
C2 X 0.1uf
D2
1N4GQ1
K +l2Vdc
-SVdc
D3
. r 1N4001
C1 O.OUf
board. Before making the4-wire connections, it is necessary
to determine whether your Color Computer has a Version
1,0 or 1.1 BASIC ROM. There arc several ways of determin-
ing this; however, the easiest that I have found is to do a
simple EXEC 41 175 which will then print on the screen the
Radio Shaek heading and the BASIC version.
The Color Computer transmits data to the printer and, in
return, expects an acknowledgement. Thus, on the compu-
ter to serial I/O interface, data is sent on the RS-232 Out
line. Apparently, when Radio Shack and Microsoft were
defining Version 1.0, they did not completely understand
what the other was doing. Some problems arise in receiving
the acknowledgement is you have the Version 1.0 BASIC
ROM. Depending on the BASIC ROM version, the
acknowledgement is input on either the Carrier Detect (CD)
line or the RS-232 In line. Thus, the printer end of the cable
is wired as follows, depending on your BASIC version:
Version 1,0 The printer's RDY (Ready) output is
connected to the computer's CD line.
Version 1.1 — The printer's RfcY output is connected
to the computer's RS232 In line.
Another variation in the wiring, due to thedifferent ROM
versions, is the connection of the 7- or 8-bit character
options. If you have:
Version 1.0 ■ Ground pin 19 of the 26-pin connector,
thereby putting the MX printer in the
7- bit mode. If you always intend to run
the computer with Radio Shack's free
PTFX4k or PTFXI6k program that
puts the computer's serial output in an
8- bit format, then follow the Version 1.1
instructions below.
Version 1.1 Do not connect pin-lf of the 26-pin
connector. This places the printer in the
8-bit mode.
Parts List
Ul
U2
CI
C2,C4
C3
C5
C6
DI r D2,D3
Rl
R2
SI
S2
PI
P2
MC75I88 TTL to RS232 Driver
MC75I89 RS232 to TTL Receiver
0,01 microfarad Capacitor
0,1 microfarad Capacitor
100 to 440 microfarad Capacitor. 35 VDC
220 picofarad Capacitor
1000 picofarad Capacitor
IN4001 Diode {or any other diode cpable of
25ma @ 35 VDC)
2k, Va watt Resistor
39k, V* watt Resistor
SPST Switch
DIP Switch, 8-pole, single throw (opptional)
Radio Shack 4-pin to 5~pin DIN Cable, No.
26-3009
26-pin Header Connector, 2 rows, 100 mil
centers
Male and female connector pair, minimum 4-
pins (opt.)
2.5 x 2,5 inches 100 mil center, perf board
1 14-pin DIP sockets
I 26-pin DIP socket (optional)
Circuit Operation
The Color Computer transmits data to the printer using a
software generated, asynchronous serial protocol via a
PlA's output pins and the RS232 Out line. As previously
mentioned, there isa bug in Version 1.0 as it transmits only a
7- bit character. This is fine for transmitting ASCII charac-
ters but does not work for bit addressable graphics. To get
around this, Radio Shack provides a tape which provides a
routine to generate 8-bit characters. In Version LI, this is
taken care of by a routine in ROM.
A typical, asynchronous data character transmission is
shown in Figure 2. In between transmissions, the line is Idle
and is held high. At the start of an asynchronous transmis-
sion, the line is brought low for 1 bit period. This is the
START BIT which is used to synchronize the receiver to the
incoming bit stream. Following the START BIT is the 7-or
8- bits of data. The character is ended by the line returning
high for at least 2-bit periods. These final 2-bit periods are
the STOP BITS which are used to preset the line for the next
character.
Figure 2
$-L_^=] J
START 7-8 BITS STOP
BIT DATA BITS
The computerdata enters the printer on pin 4 or Plug PL
The signal level of the data swings between +12 VDC and
-12VDC, and enters pin 13 of UL Ul is a Motorola
MC75189 E1A RS232 receiverand level shifter which lowers
the input voltage to the standard TTL levels of 0 to +5 VDC.
This +VDC signal now becomes the Epson's Serial-ln line
and is presented to the printer on P2- 1 1 .
The only other active signal on the serial I/O board is
RDY/, which is output by the printer on P2-4. RDY/ is
driven by an open collector device and requires pulling-up
through resistor Rl to +5 VDC. The Motorola MC75188
line driver is also a level shifter which concerts the 0 to +5
VDC RDY/ signal to +12 and -12 VDC. The + and - 12
VDC output signal is now connected to CD or RS232 In as
described earlier, This signal from the printer tells the com-
puter when the printer is ready to accept another data char-
acter. If you have trouble getting the printer to receive data,
watch the printer's Ready light. The Color Computer always
sends the first character without checking the printer's sta-
tus. If the Ready light flicks OFF and then back ON once,
then the data character is being received by the printer. The
computer will not send a second character until the printer
acknowledges receipt of the first character, which, of course,
cannot happen until the proper RDY to ED, or RS232 In,
connection is made. Another technique would be to peek at
the PlAinputsand verify thatthc line was high. Thus, if the
printer is ready then:
Version 1 .0 PRINT PEEK(653 1 3 )
Returns an even number
Version 1.1 PRINT P££^(65314)
Returns an even number
Capacitor C5 is possibly not necessary in this simple system
but is generally recommended to match the MC75 1 88's slew
rate to that of the LM330 input circuit of the Color
Computer.
The -12 VDC supply for the circuit board is generated by
the half-wave rectifier formed by D3 and C3 across P2-12
and 14, which are the 12 VAC power inputs from the printer.
Diodes Dl and D2 provide the power supply isolation
recommended in the MC75188devicespecification.Mostof
the other linesare input to the printerto match its character-
istics to the Color Computer. These lines and their functions
are listed in Table I.
Use of switch SI is optional, but it allows us to take full
advantage of the Color Computer and Epson printer. Nor-
mally, after power-on, the Color Computer outputs data to
the printer at the rate of 600 bps. 1 use the term bps(bits-per-
second) which is generally more accurate than baud rate.
Baud rate defines the number of data bits per second and
excludes synchronization and framing bits such as the
START and STOP bits. For short transmission, 600 bps is
adequate, as the time required to print a line at the Epson's
80 cps is much longer than the transmission time. However,
if you are printing as much as half a page or more, speeding
up the transmission rate provides a significant time savings.
Fortunately, both machines can operate at 2400 bps. The
printer requires a mere flip of the switch SI and the Color
Computer requires a POKE 150,18. A POKE 150,87 returns
the computerto600 baud. Just remember, thecomputerand
the printer must agree on bit rate.
Despite the best intentions of Epson's manual writers,
getting the right combination of switches on the printer so
the Color Computer can communicate with it is sometimes
frustrating, Figures 3 and 4 illustrate the combinations that
have been used successfully with the MX-80 and MX-100.
That about covers everything needed to get your computer
and printer talking to each other.
Table!:
P2-9
P2-7
P2-21
P2-19
P2-i?
P2-15
P2-5
P2-4
Even Odd/
Parity
Disable/
Serial-
Parallel
8 Bit-
7 Bit/
Bl
B2
B3
B4
P2-23
SELIN/
Selects Parity Type — No
connection
Enables Parity — No
connection
Selects printer's data
input mode — ground
Selects character length
— 7 bits, Version 1.0 —
Ground
— 8 bits, Version LI
No connection
Baud rate control 1 —
Ground
Baud rate control 2 —
No connection
Baud rate control 3 —
No connection
Baud rate control 4
— 600 pbs = No Connec-
tion
-2400 pbs = Ground
Printer select — Ground
I
CORE59 is a Co-resident Editor/Assembler that
will allow you to create, edit and assem(3J%
machine language programs for tJ3&£ilfr cfji|fl ;
puter. it will quickly^qc^
assembly langwa$£l0f^ code
|i)e%# witf outdilt rtfcHifte o&fett code to either
.? Qlssett#:%)e irfixEoADM 1 compatible format oil
**** IW/t d s memory for direcl^^cgl^ri $|0V|
. %
$29.95
C0-RES9 editor
w/ manual
R S. DISK EDITOR & ASSEMBLER Disk
w/ manual r$tt95Z $49.95
■ ^©gi&ftimable Footer
• Right Justify Line
• Multiple Footnotes
• Three; Indent Mi
e&fcr^rami
•vJWa^Sn^tific^tion
Left & Rigflt
• Decimal Align, Center, Left &
Right Justify on Tab column
• Display & input from Keyboard
. Change Formatting During
processing
issor
TEXT EDITOR FEATURES
• single Keystroked** |
commiand^'-
^ Appentf Flies Ubiii Ta|j.e..d£
^ Fuiiy irftes^fea Otsk iFWe
?r
or process Files Larger
Than Memory
• {No Conversion Required! Fully
ASC II Compatible
• Full Featured Line oriented
screen Editor
- Search and Replace Any
Character Pattern
• copy, Move or Delete Lines
or Blocks of Text
• Edit Basic, Text or Assembler
Files
text PRO II Features Over 70 Commands in All. Disk ... $79.95
ERMINAL PA
fiE
Full Text Buffering
Terminal Baud Rates 300 to 9600 Baud
Automatic Word Wrap Eliminates Split Words
Full/Half Duplex
Automatic File Capture
Programmable Word Length, parity & stop Bits
Automatic Buffer Size At Memory Limit
Save & Load Text Buffer to Tape Or Disk
Send Files Directly From Buffer Or Disk
Full Disk Support For Disk Version
Printer Baud Rates 110-4800
Send Control Codes From Keyboard
ASCII Compatible File Format rainbow
CfcHTIFICATJON
3CAL
• Display On Screen Or Output Contents Of Buffer
To Printer
We also have a disk version available called "DISKPACK/'
It includes all the commands mentioned plus com-
mands for disk control They include: Disk Load, Disk
Save, Directory, send Disk File and Kill Disk File, As usual
all files are Basic Compatible ASCII formatted files
which are also compatible with our Text Editor and
Word Processor programs.
5566 Ricochet Avenue
Las Vegas, Nevada 89110
Datapackontapew/manual
DiskpackforR.s.dlskw/manual ,
Diskpack for CCMD 9 w/ manual
24*95
49.95
39.95
(702) 452-0632
All Orders Shipped
From stock
Add $2.50
Postage
Figure 3
MX-100 Switch Settings
Switch 1
Switch 2
Position
Condition
1
ON
2
OFF
3
OFF
4
OFF
5
OFF
6
ON
7
ON
8
OFF
1
ON
2
ON
3
ON
4
OFF
The f ollowing listing isa short print demonstration which
can be used to verify your circuits operation and illustrate
the use of the various character codes used with the Epson
printer. Note that when using the Escape codes with other
character codes, there is no punctuation between the charac-
ter codes, i.e., to turn on the emphasized character mode,
you enter this line, followed by your text:
PR1NT#-2,CH R$(27)CHRS(69)"YOUR TEST
In comparing the MX-80 manualand the MX-100 manual I
found an intei estinganomaly; the MX-100 manual does not
describe use of produce Double Strike printing on the MX-
100. Another problem that l have found with the Color
Figure 4
Switch
MX-80 Switch Settings
Position
I
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Condition
ON
OFF
OFF
OFF
ON
ON
OFF
ON
Switch 2
1 ON
2 ON
3 ON
4 OFF
I
Computer's BASIC ROMs lies in setting the printer line
width. Accordingto the Color Computer manuals, it should
be possibleto Poke newline widths into location 153. How-
ever, that does not seem to work as the computer continues
to output 132 characters per line. If you have a MX-80, this
probably will never bother you. However, the first time you
try to list a program on 80 column paper on your MX-100
you will see the print head running off the paper and across
the platen. Of course, you will need to study your Epson
printer manual thoroughly and experiment, to really
explore the capabilities of this fine printer. However, l am
sure you will enjoy this combination of the TRS-80 Color
Computer and the Epson printer.
Time to LList!
The listing:
10 POKE 150,18 'set 2400 bps
20 A*-"This is 11
30 B*»" printing. "
40 PRINT#-2 f A* "NORMALS*
50 PRINT#-2 f CHR*<27) ,, E M A* ,, EHPHAS
IZED"B*
60 PRINT#-2 f CHR*<27) "F" 'turns
off emphasized mode
70 PRINT#-2 f CHR*<27) " Q M A * M DOUBLE
STRIKE M B*
80 PRINT#-2 f CHR*<27> "H" 'turns o
ff double strike mode
90 PRINT#-2 f CHR*<27) "E"CHR* (27) "
G ll A* Ba Et1PHASIZED 9 DOUBLE STRIKE"B
*
100 PRINT#-2 f CHR* (27) "F"CHR* (27)
"H" * returns to normal print
1 10 PRINT«-2 9 CHR* ( 15) A*"CONDENSE
D"B*
120 PRINT#-2, CHR* (14) A 4 11 CONDENSE
D 9 DOUBLE WIDTH"B*
130 PRINT#-2 f CHR* (27) ,, Q ,, A* ,, CONDE
NSED, DOUBLE STIKE"B*
140 PRINT#-2, CHR* ( 14) A* M CONDENSE
D 9 DOUBLE STRIKE, DOUBLE WIDTH"B
*
150 PRINT#-2 f CHR* < IB) CHR* (27) "H"
'turns off condensed, double st
ike
160 PRINT#-2 f A*CHR* < 14) "DOUBLE W
IDTH n CHR*(20)B*
170 PRINT#-2 f CHR* (14) CHR* (27) "E"
A* 11 DOUBLE WIDTH, EMPHASI ZED Ba B*
180 PRINT#-2 f CHR* (27) H F — turns o
ff emphasized
190 PRINT#-2 f CHR*<14)CHR*<27) "6"
A* 11 DOUBLE WIDTH & STRIKE"B*
200 PRINT#— 2 f CHR* (27) "H" 9 turns o
ff double strike
210 PRINT#-2 f CHR* (14) CHR* (27) "E"
CHR* < 2 7 ) " 0 " A • " DOUBLE WIDTH Sc STR
IKE, EMPH AS I Z E D 11 B *
220 PRINT#-2 f CHR* (27) "F'CHR* (27)
"H"' turns off double strike & em
phazied
RADIO SHACK TRS-80® COLOR COMPUTER
Software* Update
Improve Your Vocabulary Skills
NEW! 895
W Each
Fight Off Invaders in Klendathu
NEW!
■ The Fun Way to Learn New Words
■ Designed for Grades 3 thru 5
Our new Vocabulary Tutor allows your kids to match words
with definitions and use 'em in sentences. They can even
see how many words they got right or wrong at the end of
each lesson. Get both programs today: Vocabulary Tutor 1
{Cat. No. 26-2568) and Vocabulary Tutor 2 (26-2569),
Place Your Bets with Card Games
1495
■ ■ 26-2567
Based on Robert
Heinlein's Science
Fiction Adventure
Starship Troopers
Colonies of insects are attacking a distant planet with their
deadly energy waves, You must destroy them with your
flame gun before they have their chance at you. Work fast!
Don 1 t let your vital life support system fail. Go after this
deadly menace alone or with a partner.
NEW!
1Q95
I %f 26-332
■ Six Exciting
Games in One
■ Challenges
For All Ages
Try your hand at such favonties as Black Jack, Solitaire or
Soio Poker. It's the safe way to gamble, 'cau9e you won't
lose your shirt. Small frys will go for Last Pirate and hope
they don't end up with the last card, Go Fish— the kiddy
classic of strategy, or an all-out game of War,
These 4 Daring Adventure Programs Will Test Your Skill and Bravery
Search the strange labyrinth for hid-
den treasures in the new Madness
and the Minotaur game. But you
must beware of the mystical Mino-
taur and other terrible creatures.
26-3313, $14.95
You're "in and you want to get
out— but the whole place is crazy]
As you try to escape from Bedlam,
you'll encounter guard dogs,
strange patients and numerous
perils. What's worse, the way out changes every time you
play. 26-3312, $14.95
Get the TRS-80 Color Computer
Quick Reference Guide Today!
The mysterious Pyramid stands before you. Does it still
possess its ancient riches? What deadly curses must you
overcome to retrieve them? 26-3310, $14.95
Can you claim the wealth of Raaka-Tu? The temple of this
forgotten civilization contains vast treasures for the one
who is resourceful enough to reach its inner chambers,
26-3311, $14.95
Radio /hack
The biggest name in little computers 9
A DIVISION OF TANDY CORPORATION
1
Send me a free TRS-80 Computer Catalog today!
NEW!
A95
26-3194
Mail To: Radio Shack, Dept. 83-A-651
300 One Tandy Center, Fori worth, Texas 76102
I
A must for programmers. Features state-
ments, functions, editor commands, error
messages, ROM subroutines, memory
maps, 6809 instructions, handy index,
and much more. 71 pages.
NAME
ADDRESS
CITY
STATE
ZIP
* TELEPHONE _
* Pr«g<ams requrre cassette recorder Reta I prices may vary at individual stores and tfealere.
THE TOP-RA TED COCO WORD PROCESSOR:
Colorware researched the word
processors available for the Color
Computer, We came to the very
same conclusion that so many re-
view articles have! Telewriter-64
is, by far, the superior word pro-
cessor for the Color Computer.
Why is Telewriter so much bet-
ter than the others 9 For one thing,
it has overcome the 32x1 6 charac-
ter display limitation of the Color
Computer. No small feal> Telewri-
ter accomplishes this by generat-
ing its own set of characters in
software. You select 51x24. 64x24
or 85x24 character displays by
merely issuing a format command.
If you have ever used a word pro-
cessing system, you know how im-
portant it is t o b e able t o see a good
portion of your text on the screen.
lEitmiHt-t*
w; tft*T i WH'JTei "lei ele#r^'. «or 1 1 r
i hi tr>at tr* ii«tr c*e> ri?t i:e rvti'
<di» litter Tr»r Her el y rerrKen: unr
CH^* iNraH-ifS id t<Vr {•lor Ccn»uk«r r-'nr^ .
!lit<*\ttr <>* II truJ j" thrf rtHT *C4«rf«.'l 6W.
flitAi»tit«Tti "4 r '3 ^fctiSSH- ton f r * r
U»M»r ft lH-LfO, tr 4* 2 fn. -ri-
ft r« thii*ir4 p Htlifii o^t* m. rtill-, s-'V'. 1 t
■ ■ w,ir»,A f hi i. P'^iraB. "a:3J-its- car. n
<S» J pi ri *n* Ik I . 'il rr »* 5^=f iYl m Tior
'tuTf e««iiT »l -?»r >rr<'.
I ( I < • ( ni i k I < i i i i r i I i , ■
Telewriter-64 also generates
true lowercase characters. Thisis
much preferable to the reverse
characters that merely ''represent"
lower case letters in other coco
word processors.
Telewriter-64 is feature packed.
Besides the standard features
TELEWRITER-64
found in any word processor. Tele-
writer also includes: user-friendly
full-screen editing, rapid cursor
and scrolling control, page jump,
ripht justification, menu-driven
disk or cassette access, compata-
bility with spelling checkers (such
as SpelLand-Fix). and a clever
double check that asks the user
"Are you sure?" before executing
any operation that would kill any
sizeable amount of your text.
Telewriter-64 runs on any 16K,
32K, or 64K system (extended
Basic not required) and works with
any printer. It has all of the control
codes necessary to take full ad-
vantage of all of the features in any
printer. There is even a typewri-
ter" mode which sends typed lines
directlyto your printer.
With advanced word processing
software such as this, your color
computer becomes a truly power-
ful word processing system, with a
price that makes sense f orthe per*
sonal user.
Beyond impressive capability,
Telewriter-64 simply makes any
kind of writing a pleasure. It is a
truly sophisticated system that is
marvelously easy to learn and en-
joyable to use.
Disk . . .
Cassette
(59.95
149.95
EXTENSION CABLE FOR Quality disk drive cables
YOUR MODEM/PRINTER
Place your modem or printer where you
want 15 ft cable with four-pin male
and fbur-pin female DIN connectors
$19.95
COCO ROM/PROJECT/PRODUCT CASE
QUANTITY
2-4 (2min.)
5-9
10-99
lOO&up
PRICE EACH
$5.50
3.50
275
CALL
Give a Professional look to your pro ject or product
• Designed especially for the Color Computer ROM slot.
• High quality 3 piece injection molded black plastic with
spring-loaded door.
• Same size and specifications as Radio Shack ROMpak
SUPER-PRO KEYBOARD
REPLACEMENT PROFESSION AL
KEYBOARD KIT...0NLY $69.95
• Contour molded, full travel keys for fast smooth typing.
• Custom made tof it precisely. Has same key layout
• Complete, easy instructions for any CoCo orTDP-1 00.
• Ideal for word processing and other serious CoCo use.
Note: Forcomputers manufactured afterOct. 1 982, add $4.95
UPGRADE IN JUST MINUTES!
COLORWARE
COLORWARE INC.
78-03 F Jamaica Ave.
Woodha/en, NY 11421
(212) 647-2864
High quality cable and high force, gold plated contacts
ensure the utmost in connection reliability for your CoCo
or TDP "100.
© Disk pack extender, 3 ft. . . $29.95
Allows you to move your disk drive
interface back and out of the way.
© One Drive Disk cable $19.95
® Two Drive Disk cable $29.95
COLOR WARE UGHTPEN
0NL Y $19.95
FREE PROGRAM
CASSETTE
INCLUDED
Plugs directly into your joystick port
Comes with six fun & useful programs on tape.
Easy instructions show how to use it with Basic.
Comptible with light pen software such as Computer
Island's Tun-pak."
mi- TOLL FREE ORDERING
800-221 -091 6
Ordersonly. NY& Infbcaif(2l2) 647-2664
WE PAY
shipping on any order that includes at least one game
Use our convenient toll free 800 line.
GHOSTGOBBLER
From Spectral Associates, this
Pac" iheme game is the best of it's
type. Brilliant color, action and
sound, just like an arcade gobble
your way to glory, but watch for
those ghosts! Get in on the wild fun
of this game craze now. Tape:
$21 95,Orsk S25.95
GHOSTGOBBLER
DONKEYKING
DONKEY KING
You simply can no! buy a more impres-
sive game tor your color computer than
this new wonder from Tom Mi*. The
graphics, sound, and animal ion are all
just astonishing 1 There are four different
g raphe screens and each is endless
fun Requires 32 K Tape £24 95. Disk
$27.95
Baa ji
F
1
i '
*
* 1
I
■ V,
• ••
* *
•
MtlH fHCMUfil mrliiM WlH
J
—
PROTECTORS
There are several good ver-
sions of the ^Defender" theme
available for the CoCo None,
however, rival this one from
Tom Mix. No other game
matches the detailed graphics
and sheer excitement of this top
seller. Requires 32K. Tape:
$24.95, Disk: 527 95
CREATURE FEATURE
From Color Soltware, comes a
lightening swifl shoot & dodge
the enemy game. It's clever
cross between w Robot ron~ and
"Beserk" themes, with bullets
flying everywhere. Solid, shoot-
em-up-fun. Requires 16K
Tape: $17 95, Disk: $19,95
ANDROID ATTACK
Spectral Associates' veiy well
done "Berserk" type game with
some interesting added fea-
tures. Each cassette contains
both the 16K and 32K version.
The 32K version has voice out-
put! Plenty of action. Tape:
$21.95
FROGGER
Just released by The Cornsoft
Group, this is the olficially
licensed version from Sega, the
arcade manufacturer. It has it
all* 4 lane super highway,
snakes, turtles, logs, alligators,
etc. Lots ot action and laughs!
Requires 16K, Tape:S19 95
INTERGALACTIC FORCE
Your space tighter roars into the
Death Corridor Lock-on and
blast the enemy tighter trom the
sky Now try dropping one into
Death Star s narrow exhaust
vent. It takes skill and guts
Good luck' With u Star Wars"
theme song. From Anleco,
Tape:S24.95
THECOLORCADE.
SUPER JO Y STICK MODULE
ONLY
$19.95
* It's a Joystick Interface.
Now you can connect any Atari compatible joystick to your CoCo.
These sticks are extremely rugged & provide very fast response
and rea[ arcade type action. They will improve the play of almost
any game. The difference will amaze you!
* It's a Rapid Fire Module!
Press the fire button on your joystick and get a great burst of fire
instead of just a single shot! Adds tremendously to the many
shooting type games that do not have repeat fire. With variable
burst speed.
* It's a 6ft. Extender Cord.
THE A TAR I
ONLY
A well proven joy slick, the Atari js
known lor being rugged and reliable. It
gtves good response and is the stan-
dard among home video players Now
at a great price! Use with module above
ZIRCON VIDEO
COMMAND
ONLY
$14.95
A GREAT
BUY!
This one has received outstanding re-
views. Its unique design fits the hand
beautifully and it has the truly fast and
positive response needed tor high
speed play. Actually out performs some
joysticks that cost $50 or more.
W ICO FAMOUS
"RED BALL
THE BEST
VOUCANBUY
$34.95
The high performance |0y$trck from the
people who make them for the arcade
machines. Built to take the abuse of
even the most enthusiastic player This
is the besf! Wico #15-9730 Use wth
module above
ORDERING
INFORMATION
ADD $2.00 PER ORDER
FOR SHIPPING.
WE ACCEPT VISA, MASTERCARD.
CHECKS, M.a
CO D. ADD $3.00 EXTRA.
NY RESIDENTSADD SALES TAX.
OVERSEAS, FPO, APO, ADD 1 0%
DEALER DISCOUNTS AVAILABLE
IF ONE OR MORE GAMES
ARE INCLUDED,
SHfPPINGlSFREE.
COLORWARE
COLOFWARE INC.
78-03F Jamaica Ave.
Woodha/en, NY 11421
(212)647-2864
L
VtSA
TOLL FREE ORDERING
800-221-0916
Ordersonty NY& Info call (212) 647-2664
4K
■
L J
EDUCATION NOTES
mwrnm
RAINBOW
Make A Bar Graph
Of Your Child's
Test Scores
By Steve Blyn
Rainbow Contributing Editor
A child's grades or marks are very important to him.
They are very personal and deserve to be
highlighted. If they are especially good, then special
attention should certainly be shown. Graphs are one way
that computers can aid in this type of reinforcement. This
month's program demonstrates a bar graph. Bar graphs arc
an illustrative means of clearly showing comparisons of
various scores.
It is very important to keep relating computer projects to
the individual child. With the advent recently of so many
wonderful arcade games for our computer, we don't want to
take the chance of losing a child's interest in the personal
uses of computersfor him. Whenever we can relate a compu-
ter use to the individual's personal interests, we should
encourage this. Let the child learn to utilize the computer lor
as large a variety of tasks as possible.
A bargraphcomparesscoresfromseveral occasions. Our
graph can use up to eight scores. The reason that eight is our
upper limit is tied into the fact that our computer can print
only 32 spaces across the screen. If a child scores 100, the
three digits and a space would take up f our spaces to record
that grade. We therefore must allow for four spaces per
grade or 32/4 = eight test marks.
(Mr. Blyn, who teaches both exceptional and gifted
children, holds two Master s degrees in the field of
education and has won an award for the design of a
computer program to aid handicapped children. He
and his wife, Cheryl, own Computer Island J
•ur graph will record and draw up to eight grades for any
child. Most children receive weekly spelling or math or other
subject quizzes. A graph could be made for each subject.
After the graph is drawn, the average is computed and
included on the screen.
Don't just look at the graph. Try to use it for further
learning. Think of interesting or challenging questions to
ask the youngster such as:
Which was the highest mark?
Which was the lowest?
Which two times did you score the same or nearly the
same?
Which time did you score 10 points higher than another
time:
Which time did you score twice as high as anothertime?
How would your average change if you scored a 100 on
test five?
What would have to change to average two points
higher?
The list of possible questions is only limited to your
imagination and the child's level of understanding.
The listing that follows picks up the child's name in line 50
and limits it to 10 letters on the screen in line 60. Lines 70-90
set the limit at eight tests. Lines 110-170 ask for the actual
test grades. Scores higher that 100 and lower than 0 are
rejected on lines 130 and 140. Lines 180-250 draw in the
graph's axes. Lines 260-420 draw in the vertical bars.
The bars are advanced by fives so that they will fit on the
screen. The bar for a score of 76 will thus appear identical to
28
the RAINBOW June, 1983
a score of 79. The real scores will however be printed just
below the bars. Line 300 divides the real numerical value (H)
by five to accomplish this. Line 440 computes and prints the
average. If any key is pressed after the graph is drawn, the
screen will clear and the program will run again to let you
create a new graph.
The program that follows is set up for an individual's
scores. It could be modified easily to compare different
children's performances on the same test by entering your
own information on the bottom of the screen after the chart
is completed. Please feel free to use this idea for your own
children's purposes in any way that is appropriate for them.
The listing:
ii
150 017E
300 02D3
END . . 03EC
10 REM 11 BAR GRAPH
20 REM"*** STEVE BLYN, COMPUTER
ISLAND, 1983"
30 Z=3:Y=27
40 CLS RND (8)
50 PR I NT "WHAT IS YOUR NAME";:INP
UT N*:SOUND220,3
60 N*=LEFT* ( N* , 1 0 )
70 PRINT@64," " : PRINT© 68, "HOW M
ANY TESTS"; : INPUT T
80 REM"***SET LIMIT AT 8 TESTS"
90 IF T<1 OR T>8 THEN SOUND 10, 10
IGOTO 70
100 SOUND220,3
110 FOR X= 1 TO T
120 PRINT@128, " " : PRINT@128, "GRA
DE ON TEST #";X;: INPUT Y*(X)
130 IF VAL<Y*<X> ) >100 THEN 120
140 IF VAL(Y*(X))<0 THEN 120
150 SOUND 150, 1
160 PRINT@128, " M
170 NEXT X
180 REM"***POKE IN BOUNDARIES"
190 CLS0
200 FORQ=1024 TO 1472STEP32: POKE
Q, 143: NEXT: SOUND200, 1
210 FOR Q=1472TO1503:POKEQ, 143:N
EXTQ:SOUND200, 1
220 FORQ= 1 503TO 1 055STEP-32 : POKEQ
, 1 43 : NE XT Q : SOUND200 , 1
230 PRINT@5,N*; "' S TEST MARKS";
240 FOR W=1504 TO 1535: POKEW, 207
64K for $99!
We will convert your Radio Shack Color Computer to a full 64K for only
$99.00 plus shipping. (Compare this with RS price of $149 + $30 labor
for 32K upgrade.) Board models D, E and F — No matter what ROM you
have— Typically 24 hour turnaround — Includes hardware modification
toaccesstheentire64K, withspecialsoftwareand instructions on useof
the upper 32K. Pack your computer well. Include cashiers check, money
order, or personal check(allow 2 weeksf or personal checks) for $1 04.00
($99.00 + $5.00 shipping) to PYRAMID. You may also pay by Mastercard
or return COD. We will treat your computer tenderly and rush it back to
you.
PYRAMID — 527 Hill St. - Santa Monica, CA - 90405 -(213) 399-2222
:next
250 PRINT@489, "bar"; :PRINT@498, "
graph" ;
260 REM"***MAKE THE BARS"
270 FOR X= 1 TO T
280 H=VAL(Y*(X> )
290 AV=AV+H
300 V=INT(H/5)
310 FOR J=0 TO V-l
320 PRINT@447+L,H;
330 IF H=0 THEN 360
340 SET(Z,Y,8)
350 SET(Z+1,Y,8)
360 Y=Y-1
370 S0UND252,2
380 NEXT J
390 Z=Z+8
400 L=L+4
410 Y=27
420 NEXT X
430 REM"*** FIND THE AVERAGE"
440 PRINT@73, "AVERAGE =";INT((AV
/T)+.5> ; ""/.";
450 REM"*** PRESS ANY KEY TO GO
AGAIN"
460 IN*=INKEY*
470 IF IN*="" THEN 460 ELSE RUN
MYSTERIOUS
ISLE
GREAT NEW TEXT ADVENTURE GAME!
You vaguely remember being put in the
lifeboat as the ship was sinking. Now you
awaken on the beach of MYSTERIOUS
ISLE . . , alone in the small battered boat.
Can you find the pirate's fabulous treasure
and escape with it and your life!!
TRS-80 Color Computer*
Requires 16K Extended Basic
CASSETTE $21.95
including postage
Send check or money order to:
Computer Dynamics
3640 Summitridge Lane
Orange, California 92667
*TM Tandy Corp.
June, 1983 the RAINBOW 29
Spruce Up Your Tapes With This
Cassette Label Print Program
By J. D. Ray
1 recently invested in a supply of five and ten minute blank
cassettes in order to store just one or two programs and
not have to spend so much time searching and rewinding
tape. GREAT! One problem solved and another created!
How do you keep up with all those tapes? Well, writing on
those labels with a pen or pencil is no easy matter (even if
you can find a pen that will write on the labels). Besides,
there is so little room! Thus, I end up scratching out a brief
message or code on the tapes only to discover later that the
codes have no meaning. Total Frustration!
While browsing through my last issue of the Rainbow I
ran across an ad for cassette tapes and tractor feed labels. I
ordered a supply and developed the program listed below.
The program will prompt you to input five lines of infor-
mation. After each line is typed in, it will be printed on the
label when ENTERed. You are inf ormed of the length of the
line and warned if your input line is too long. Note that lines
three and four are printed on the sides of the label and are
very short.
You have four options for the title (first line), depending
on how you want your label to look and the length of your
title. All titles on the first line will be underlined except for
the elongation type. The fifth line can handle useful infor-
mation such as the source of the program, copyright notice,
index of contents, etc.
The listing:
240. .
440. .
600. .
800. .
1020.
1200.
1330.
END.
02F4
05FA
082A
0AE7
0D76
0FEF
.1281
145B
10 '♦♦♦CASSETTE LABEL PRINTER PR
OBRAM***
20 'BY J. D. RAY
5065 FRANCE AVENUE
N. CHARLESTON, B.C. 2940
30
40
6
50
60
<C> COPYRIGHT MAR, 1983
VERSION ttl
I use the Radio Shack DMP-200 dot-matrix printer. The
control codes for this printer are listed below:
CHR$(13
CHR$(14
CHR$(15
CHR$(27
CHR$(27
CHR$(27
CHR$(27
CHR$(27
CHR$(27
CHR$(27
Line Feed
End Underline
Start Underline
;CHR$(14) — Start Elongation
;CHR$(15) — End Elongation
CHR$(19) — Select Standard Character
;CHR$(20) — Select Condenses Character
;CHR$(23) — Select Compressed Character
CHR$(31) — Start Bold Print
;CHR$(32) — End Bold Print
The codes are identified in the program as they are used.
I am sure that this program can be adapted for use with
any printer. Extended BASIC is not necessary, however, if
you do not have Extended BASIC, you will need to change
all the LINE INPUT statements to just INPUT.
If you need to print more than one label, type "R" or
REPEAT and you will be asked for the print type you want
for the title and you will need to realign your label with your
printer. If the printing is off centered, you might need to
adjust the labels.
The program should be bug free, however, if you have any
problems, drop me a line. If you want this program already
on tape, send $4.95 to J. D. Ray, 5065 France Ave., North
Charleston, S.C. 29406.
CASSETTE LAB
70 CLS9: PRINT 8 100, STRING* (24, "
#")|
B0 PRINT m 132,^#
ELS «"|
90 PRINT 8 164, "#
#"»
100 PRINT 8 196,"*
RAY # M |
110 PRINT 8 228,"*
> 1983 #"l
120 PRINT 8 260, STRING* (24, "#">!
130 FOR X-l TO 1300: NEXT X
140 CLS: PRINT 8 234, "INSTRUCTION
s? m :print a 270, (y/n>
150 R*-INKEY*:IF R»- " "THEN 130
BY J. D.
COPYRIGHT <C
(J. D. Ray is Minister of Music and Youth at Cooper
River Baptist Church, N. Charleston, S. C.)
(The Cassette Label Print Program is also available on
Rainbow on Tape)
30 the RAINBOW June, 1983
160 IF R*-"Y"THENGO8UB1260EL8E17
0
170 CLS: PR I NT05, "CASSETTE LABEL
PROGRAM"
180 PRINT06S, "DO YOU WANT THE FO
LLOWINO FOR THE TITLE:"
190 PRINT9130, "1. ELONGATION (16
MAX > "
200 PR I NTS 162, "2. STANDARD (32
MAX > "
210 PRINTS194, "3. COMPRESSED (38
MAX) "
220 PR I NTH 226, "4. CONDENSED (SS
MAX)"
230 PRINT
240 SOUND 200,1
250 INPUT X
260 IF X<1 OR X>4 THEN GOTO 240
270 ON X GOTO 280,410,920,640
280 'ELONGATION MODE
290 PRINT#-2,CHR*(27) |CHR*(19)|C
HR* (27) I CHR* (14) 'SELECT STAND AR
D & ELONGATION MODE
300 GOSUB 1190
310 CLS: PR I NTS 128, "YOU HAVE 8ELE
CTED THE ELONSAT I ONMODE FOR YOUR
TITLE. "
320 PR I NT : PR I NTS97 , " ENTER TITLE
(LESS THAN 16": PRINT" CHARACTER
s>:": PRINT
330 IF R«-"R" THEN 370
340 SOUND 200,1
350 LINE INPUT A*
360 IF LEN(A*)>16 THEN PRINT"TIT
LE TOO LONB FOR THIS TYPE": SOUND
150, 40: SOTO 170
370 PRINT#-2,A*
360 PRINTW-2, CHR* (27) I CHR* (15) |C
HR*( 14) I CHR* (27) I CHR* (19) 'END E
LONGATION, UNDERL I NE : BEG I N STAND
ARD PRINT
390 SOTO 750
400 'STANDARD MODE
410 PRINT#-2,CHR*(27)|CHR*(19)|C
HR*(19)|CHR*(27)|CHR*(31) 'STAN
DARD CHARACTER SELECT, UNDERLINE
, BOLD
420 603UB 1190
430 CLS : PR I NTS 160, " YOU HAVE 8EL
ECTED THE STANDARD PRINT MODE F
OR YOUR TITLE"
440 PRINT:PRINTS224," ENTER TITL
E <LE88 THAN 32 CHARACTERS
:>": PRINT
450 IF R*«"R" THEN 490
460 SOUND 200,1
470 LINE INPUT A*
480 IF LEN(A*)>32 THEN PRINT"TIT
LE TOO LONG FOR THIS TYPE": SOUND
150, 40: GOTO 170
490 PRINT#-2, A*| CHR* ( 14) I CHR* (27
)|CHR*(32) 'END UNDERLINE, BOLD
500 GOTO 750
510 'SELECT COMPRESSED MODE
520 PRINT«-2, CHR* (27) V CHR* (23) I C
HR«( 15) I CHR* (27)| CHR* (31) '8ELEC
T COMPRESSED MODE, UNDERLINE, BO
LD
530 GOSUB 1190
540 PR I NTS 128," YOU HAVE 8ELECTE
D THE COMPRESSED PRINT
MODE FOR YOUR TITLE"
550 PRINT: PR I NT "ENTER TITLE <LES
S THAN 38 CHARACTERS": PR IN
T
560 IF R*-"R" THEN SOTO 600
570 SOUND 200,1
580 LINE INPUT A*
590 IF LEN(A*)>38 THEN PRINT"TIT
LE TOO LONG FOR THIS PRINT" :80UN
D 150, 40: SOTO 170
600 PRINTW-2, A*
610 PRINT*-2,CHR*(14)|CHR*(27)|C
HR* (32) I CHR* (27) I CHR* (19) '<END U
NDERLINE, BOLD: SELECT STANDARD TY
620 SOTO 750
630 'SELECT CONDENSED MODE
640 PRINT«-2,CHR*(27)|CHR*(20)|C
COLONIAL TRILOGY^
THREE INCREDIBLE NEW GAMES
FOR THE COLOR COMPUTER
HI
EXT BASIC
COLONIAL WARS: two player game on a galactic scale
WITH HYCOMP'S UNIQUE SPLIT SCREEN CONCEPT-IT'S ALMOST
LIKE HAVING A SEPARATE MONITOR FOR EACH PLAYERI COLONIZE
AND BATTLE FOR CONTROL OF AN 11 STAR SYSTEM WHILE
COMMANDING MASSIVE BATTLECARRIERS.FIGHTER SQUADRONS,
FREIGHTERS, AND PLANETARY DEFENSE. WITH GAME S AVE(3-8hrs)
ZYRONlTWO PLAYERS BATTLE WITHIN AN ASTEROID FIELD WITH
SHIPS BUILT TO THEIR OWN SPECIFICATIONS. TWO SCENARIOS
INCLUDED-ONE PLAYER TRIES TO SLIP FREIGHTERS PAST THE
OTHER'S DEFENSES OR AN ALL OUT BATTLE. (2-4hrs)
QUESTAR: explore over 30 planets and encounter
UNKNOWN CIVILIZATIONS.DESERTED CiTIES.AND BUSY STARPORTS
WHILE SEARCHING FOR HIDDEN ZYRON BASES. AN EXCELLENT
ONE PLAYER GRAPHICS ADVENTURE GAME.(60-90min)
ONLY $19.95 EACH OR ALL THREE FOR $49.95!
PLUS $1.50 FOR SHIPPING
CHECK OR MONEY
ORDER ONLY.
SEND SASE FOR
MORE INFORMATION.
AVAILABLE ONLY FROM
'HYCOMP*
P.O. BOX 15331
TULSA, OK 74158
(918)266-6452
June, 1983 the RAINBOW 31
HR*<15>|CHR*(27>|CHR«(31> ' SELEC
T CONDENSED MODE, UNDERLINE, BOL
D
650 QOSUB 1190
660 PRINT0128," YOU HAVE 3ELECTE
D THE CONDENSED PRINT NODE FOR Y
OUR TITLE"
670 PR I NT: PR I NT 11 ENTER TITLE <LE
SS THAN 54 CHARACTERS >:": P
RINT
660 IF R»-"R" THEN SOTO 720
690 SOUND 200,1
700 LINE INPUT A*
710 IF LEN(A»>>54 THEN PRINT"TIT
LE IS TOO LONG FOR THIS TYPE": SO
UND 150, 40: GOTO 170
720 PRINT#-2,A»
730 PRINT#-2,CHR«(14)|CHR*<27)|C
HR»(32>|CHR*<27> |CHR»<19> 'END U
NDERLINE, BOLD: SELECT STANDARD T
YPE
740 SOTO 750
750 'START 2nd LINE
760 CLS : PR I NT032 , "ENTER 2nd LINE
US INS LESS THAN 32 CHARACTERS"
770 PRINT
7S0 IF R«-"R" THEN 820
790 SOUND 200,1
VI cmbuma »»siiMi anoup
CCADS-
$19.95 (T)/$22.95 (D)
Color Computer Assembly And Debuging
System , Includes Disassembler ,
Line Assembler ,
And Six Breakpoints.
CHROMA-KEYS-
$9.95 (T)/$13.95 (D)
Keyboard Definition Program.
Includes Key Deflner , Pre-defined Keys ,
Key Click , Tape and Disk Save
UNLOCK- $24.95 (D)
Will Backup Most Disks. Includes Copy
Of Track 35 And Copy Of Tracks
With I/O Errors.
CLOCK- $9.95 (T)/$13.95 (D)
Real-Time Clock Program For The Color
Computer. Enter The Time Then Watch
The Screen.
CHROMA-SYSTEMS POLICY
ALL SOFTWARE SOLD WILL INCLUDE
FULL COMMENTED SOURCE AND
WILL BE UNPROTECTED
CHROMA-SYSTEMS GROUP
POST OFFICE BOX 366
DAYTON , OHIO 46420
800 LINE INPUT B*
610 IF LEN<B*>>32 THEN PRINT"LIN
E IS TOO LONB***RE-TYPE*#" ! 00T06
00
820 PRINT«-2,B*
830 * START 3rd LINE
840 PRINT#-2,CHR*(27>|CHR*<23> '
SELECT COMPRESSED PRINT MODE
890 CL8:PRINT032,"ENTER 3rd LINE
USING LESS THAN 5 CHARACTERS"
860 PRINT: IF R»-"R" THEN 940
870 PRINT "LEFT SIDE": SOUND 200,
1
880 LINE INPUT C*
890 IF LEN(C»>>5 THEN PRINTLINE
IS TOO LONB**RE— TYPE**" : 6OTO870
900 PRINT
910 PRINT"RIBHT SIDE": SOUND 200,
1
920 LINE INPUT D*
930 IF LEN<D*)>5 THEN PRINT "LINE
IS TOO LONB**RE-TYPE**":BOTO910
940 PRINT#-2,C«|TAB(34)|D«
950 * START 4th LINE
960 CLS : PR I NTB32 , " ENTER 4th LINE
USING LESS THAN 5 CHARACTERS "
970 PRINT: IF Rt-"R" THEN 1050
980 PRINT "LEFT SIDE": SOUND 200,
1
990 LINE INPUT Et
1000 IF LEN(E»>>5 THEN PRINT"LIN
E IS TOO L0NB**RE-TYPE**":B0T09B
0
1010 PRINT
1020 PRINT"RI8HT SIDE": SOUND 200
,1
1030 LINE INPUT Ft
1040 IF LEN<F*)>5 THEN PRINT"LIN
E IS TOO LON8**RE-TYPE**":BOTO10
20
1050 PRINT#-2,E*|TAB(34)|F«
1060 * START 5th LINE
1070 PRINT#-2,CHR*<27> |CHRt<20>
'SELECT CONDENSED CHARACTER
1080 CLS:PRINT032,"ENTER 5th LIN
E USING LESS THAN 54 CHARACTERS
II
1090 PRINT
1100 IF R*-"R" THEN 1140
1110 SOUND 200,1
1120 LINE INPUT 8*
1130 IF LEN<8*)>54 THEN PRINT"LI
NE IB TOO L0N8**RE-TYPE**":B0T01
110
1140 PRINT#-2,B*
1150 CLS : PR I NT032 , "DO YOU WANT T
O PRINT ANOTHER LABEL (REPEAT
) ENTER <R>": PRINT: PRINT "DO YOU
WANT TO PRINT A NEW LABEL?
ENTER <N>"
32 the RAINBOW June, 1983
mm
Fly your spaceship through
enemy Starbases. Avoid
guided missies, lasers, and
firing turrets! Can you reach
their leader . . . ZAKSUND?
RAINBOW
scat
Box 1 1224
Pittsburgh, PA 15238
(412) 795-8492
COLOR GRAPHICS _
the creators of
Intergalactic Force 1
War Kings 2
Party Pak 1
Trek-16 2
many other fine programs!
1 ANTECO
2 TOMMIX
EXCITING
$24.95 Casette
$27.95 Disk
Add $1 Postage and Handling
PA residents add S H % sales tax
32K
MACHINE
LANGUAGE
1160 SOUND 200,1
1170 INPUT Rt:IF R*-"N" THEN 60S
UB 1230
1180 IF Rt-"R" THEN GOTO 1230
1190 CL8: PRINT • 64, " LINE UP LA
BEL8 WITH PRINTER HEAD FOR P
ROPER ALIBNNENT"
1200 PRINT: PRINT" PRE88 <ENTER>
WHEN READY"
1210 P+-INKEY*:IF P»-"" THEN 121
0
1220 RETURN ELSE GOTO 170
1230 FOR X-l TO 3:PRINT4»-2,CHR*<
13) :NEXTX
1240 GOTO 170
1250 'INSTRUCTIONS
1260 PRINT 0 3, "CASSETTE LABEL P
ROGRAM"
1270 PRINT:PRINT"THI8 PROGRAM WI
LL ALLOW YOU TO PRINT LABEL8 FO
R YOUR COMPUTER TAPE8. THI8 PR
06RAM 18 DE8IBN- ED FOR U8E WITH
TRACTOR FEED LABEL8.
1280 PRINT"YOU HAVE FOUR TYPE CH
0ICE8 FOR YOUR TITLE!"
1290 PRINT TAB (3) "ELONGATED TYPE
(16 CHAR)": PRINT TAB (3) "8TANDAR
D TYPE (32 CHAR)": PRINT TAB(3)"C
^ C A TaCoMb!
The best features of many games packed in-
to one! Avoid enemy patrols while getting
fuel for your escape from the CATACOMB!
Then travel the hyperspace corridor to your
mothership as you dodge space mines and
enemy ships. Hi-Res, Multi-Screen, Multi-
color, Machine Language, Fast Action!!
16K Tape $19.95 Disk $23.95
Joystick Required
PEEK COPY
Copies machine language tape programs,
even most autostart! Displays start t end, ex-
ecute addresses and memory! Allows you to
change or insert machine code! The copy
program with a difference! Written in
machine language.
16K Tape $11.95
please add $2.00 for each order
postage/handling,
(extended basic not required)
Oregon Color Computer
PO Box 11468 Eugene Or 97440
OMPREBBED TYPE (38 CHAR)": PRINT
TAB (3) "CONDENSED TYPE (34 CHAR)"
1300 PRINT: PRINT TAB (4)" HIT <EN
TER> TO CONTINUE"
1310 R*-INKEY»: IF R«-"" THEN 131
0
1320 CL8
1330 PRINT"THE FOURTH LINE IB US
EFUL FOR COPYRIGHT INFORMATION
, LOADINB INSTRUCTIONS, OR A LI
STING OF PROGRAMS ON THE TAPE.
M
1340 PRINT :PRINT"FOR A MORE UNIF
ORM LABEL, TRY TO CENTER EACH
LINE ON THE LABEL. AFTER P
RINTINB YOUR LABEL, YOU WILL
BE ASKED IF YOU WANT TO PRI
NT ANOTHER LABEL OR PRINT A NEW
LABEL. "
1350 PRINT: PRINT TAB (5) "HIT <ENT
ER> TO CONTINUE"
1360 R«-INKEY*:iF R**"" THEN 136
0
1370 CLB
1380 PRINT" IF YOU CHOSE TO PRINT
ANOTHER LABEL, YOU WILL HAVE
TO 8ELECT YOU TITLE TYPE AGAIN
AND CHECK YOU LABEL ALIGNMENT W
ITH YOUR PRINTER.
1390 PRINT:PRINTTAB(3) "HIT <ENTE
R> TO CONTINUE"
1400 Rt-INKEY*:IF R*« " "THEN 1400
1410 RETURN
1420 END
SOME OF THE PROGRAMS THAT MADE Mr. R's THE SOFTWARE
LEADER FOR THE IM-l/lM-2 ARE NOW AVAILABLE FOR THE
COLOR COMPUTER. 16K, EXT BASIC. PROGRAMS LIKE
MURDER &
ENTER THE MANSION AND FIND OUT WHO KILLED
MRS MCDERMITT. CATCH THE CAT & SLAY THE KIILER, YOU
SEE THEY ALL MOVE IN THIS CLUE TYPE THRILLER. IT'S
A CHALLENGING, REALISTIC WHO DONE IT ??? lfc-95
FOR EDUCATION TRY
JAIL
0
AN EXCELLENT TOOL TO ENHANCE SPELLING AEILITY, FOR
ALL AGES. NOT A • HANGMAN' TYPE PROGRAM, BUT A USER
CONTROLLED , 2 PROGRAM TAPB.
1. CREATE YOUR OWN WORD LIST (YOU CONTROL THE
DEGREE OF HFICULTY AND AGE LEVEL),
2. JAIL - YOUR LIST IS READ INTO THE PROGRAM &
THE FUN/LEARNING BEGINS. ONE OR TWt PLAYERS
COMPETE IN A SPEILING OR PHRASE CONTEST AND
THE LOSER GOES TO JAIL. H-95
(CREATE TAPES OF VARYING DIFICULTY FOR EACH GRADE)
4
3$
2FER
1. GONDOLA - PILOT YOUR BALLOON OVER THE MOUNTAIN
& LAND SAFELY ATCNGST THE TREES. WIND, GRAVITY
& MOTHER NATURE ARE FACTORS TO CONSIDER. THIS
ONE LOOKS EASY, TRY IT ?
2. COPY CAT - MATCH THE COMPUTER IN THIS SIMON
TYPE GAME, IF YOU CAN. 2FER 9.95
ALL PROGRAMS ON CASSETT / WE PAY THE POSTAGE
COD (ADD $2) Mr R's
COD or MONEY ORDER 4*' KELLY ROAD
FOR 2U> HOUR SERVICE SO WINDSOR CT
TEL 203-6^-1617 060?^
34 the RAINBOW June. 1983
Turn your
color computer on
to the power of
NOW FROM THE WORLDS LARGEST SUPPLIER OF SOFTWARE FOR FLEX
COMES FHL COLOR FLEX. JUST LOOK AT THESE FEATURES:
IF YOU'RE TIRED OF
NO DISK SOFTWARE,
THEN FHL Color FLEX
IS THE ANSWER!
FLEX is the world s most popular operating
system for the 6809 and with over 150
programs, we are the largest supplier
ot software for FLEX, These programs are
NOT games but serious programs for your
Color Computer, They range from word
processors thru business applications to
software development tools. Many Fortune
500 companies use our software,
FHL Color FLEX turns your Color computer
into a powerful system more capable than
systems costing several times as much.
See our NEW 32 page catalog in the
Jan.'63 issue of COLOR COMPUTER A
NEWS featuring over 150 products for A
FLEX, or send $3.00 to us and we will A
see that you receive a copyM A Vffm
FLEX NOW ONLY $99
• NEW - l Tiny Editor"
• NEW - Interactive Assembler (Tiny ASM)
♦ NEW - Machine Language Monitor
• NEW - Video attributes include status lines,
\ protected lines, and inverse video
• Hi-Res screen formats
• 16 x 32 and 24 x 5L upper and lower
case characters
• 24 x 64 and 32 x 64 upper case
• Full ASCI! keyboards
• Easy start-up— just type "FLEX"
• On-line assistance— Just type HELP
jfiphL ■ Optionally use a standard terminal
/ , <a!r^S% ancl P r ' nter
/Mrr3%w> * Advice disk I/O and terminal
fKiM^^^k ca P abt, 't' es " Supporting 35, 40,
^f^-WS^mWL ana " 80 track single or double sided,
' ■ n single or double density drives
V \ ♦ No additional hardware required
' \£\ » • We have supported FLEX with
/ W ^ more than any one else in the
/ 'y~z. H world for more than two years'
^^^^^ \. *
■urn* :*
■} " .... ji
m in
' ** ' V* ' i »
♦ :
,M 1. DBASiC, RS Disk Basic
under FLEX with a utility to
copy RS to FLEX disk $30.
2. ED/ASM, line and screen editor
with conditional macro assembler,
both more powerful than TSC's and
at the same cost, only $100.
3. COLOR UTILITIES, a set of 12
utilities especially designed for
FHL COLOR FLEX $50.
Y ■
770 JAMES
THE
ST. • SYR
EX 646740
ENCY TOWER
SE, NY 13203
(315)474-7856
'FLEX Is a trademark oi Technical Systems Consultants Inc.
FRANK
LABORATORY
6809 WORD PROCESSING SYSTEM
AVAILABLE FOR FLEX,™ UniFLEXr and OS-9™
The STYLOGRAPH text processing system is a very easy to use but powerful
method of creating and printing text. It allows the operator to type text on the CoCo,
modifying and correcting it as it's typed, and then print it out. The STYLOGRAPH
SYSTEM is cursor-oriented with dynamic screen formating. Cursor based editing
means that any portion of the text may be worked on by moving the cursor to that
point. Dynamic screen formating means that the text is formated on the screen in
the same way it will appear on the printed copy. The display is continuously up-
dated to show how the text will appear. This is a very important feature and is nor-
mally available only on very expensive commercial word processing systems. It
significantly reduces the time required to produce a finished copy.
FULL FEATURED TEXT EDITING
A full array of corhmands help in the creation and modification of text. The text
displayed on the screen may be moved up, down, left or right. The cursor can be
moved to any page or to any specified series of letters or words. The cursor itself
can be moved left, right, up, down, to any tab position, or to theextreme left or right.
Any block of text can be moved, copied or deleted. The operator may also do a
global replace so that all occurrences of a given string will be replaced with or
without a "prompt" asking if the item should be replaced.
OPERATOR CONVENIENCE
Files longer than memory can be edited. The operator can move forward through
a long text file by selectively dumping text to the disk or filling from the disk.
The supervisor mode is menu driven and self prompting so that the operator does
not have to remember the syntax of commands. This makes it easier for new opera-
tors to use the system.
An "assist" or "help" function makes it easy to learn the system since it is nor-
mally not necessary to consult the manual to learn the commands. This function is
menu driven and lists all of the keyboard functions and the formating commands.
At the beginning of the text the operator normally types in a few simple com-
mands indicating the line length, left margin, and so forth, and then enters the
header and footer as they should appear. After that the operator need not worry
about formating since it is taken care of automatically. Words that extend beyond
the end of the line are automatically removed and placed on the next line. Headers
and footers are automatically inserted so that the operator always knows what por-
tion of the page is being worked on. Ghost hyphens can be entered so that if the
word falls at the end of a line, and a ghost hyphen has been inserted, the hyphen
will automatically be added.
Control codes may be embedded in the text for special applications. For exam-
ple, some printers require special control sequences for double width, graphics or
boldface. These sequences may be embedded in the text for those users that have
these printers. In conjunction with this, it is possible to cause the printer to stop in
the middle of a print out for changing printwheels. A backspace feature allows
overstriking.
OPERATING SYSTEM COMPATIBILITY
STYLOGRAPH is compatible with the FLEX, UniFlex, and OS-9 disk operating
systems. Text files prepared using STYLOGRAPH are directly usable by other soft-
ware such as BASIC and the assembler. (This significantly aids software develop-
ment since cursor-based editing allows full viewing of the text being worked on,
thereby reducing errors and decreasing programming time). File size is limited only
by the capacity of the disk system. Files may be loaded into the text at any point
making it possible to rapidly create "boilerplate" documents using portions of text
that have been previously saved to a text file. Any portion of a text may be saved to
a text file for use at a later point. The printer output may be directed to a disk file for
later print spooling. Most operating system commands are directly accessible
without leaving STYLOGRAPH.
FULLY ADAPTABLE TO MOST PRINTERS
STYLOGRAPH is easily configured by the user for most terminals so there is no
need to send for updates as equipment changes are made. Source code of the ter-
minal interface is supplied so that users with unusual equipment configurations
may adapt it to their systems. The source code for all of the "prompts" is also sup-
plied so that foreign language versions may be easily constructed.
Printers currently included as standard are: Diablo, Qume, Starwriter, NEC
5515/25, NEC 5510/20; CENTRONICS 737/739; TTY type printer with backspace func-
tion; TTY type printer without backspace function.
COMPLETE INSTRUCTIONS
A special tutorial section is included in the manual so that people with little or no
computer experience can easily learn to use STYLOGRAPH in a few hours. A text
file is included which demonstrates most of the features of STYLOGRAPH and
allows the operator to practice most of the functions. The logical arrangement of
the commands and the immediate display of the results greatly simplifies the learn-
ing process. In addition there is an "assistance" command which helps the new
operator learn the commands.
FLEXIBLE DISPLAY
Lines longer than the screen width are allowed. STYLOGRAPH can scroll right
and left on the screen so that tables can be constructed and appear on the screen
exactly as they will appear on the print out.
A command allows viewing of the formating commands on the screen. Another
(command allows the operator to see which characters will be modified at print out
by underlining, superscripting or boldface. A page status command shows the cur-
rent format values and other useful information.
COMPLETE FORMATING CONTROL
The text of individual lines may be centered, left justified, right justified, or right
and left justified. Tabscan be set orcleared at any point. Spacing of the lines on the
page is under complete operator control with end of page, spacing and vertical tab
commands.
While entering text, it may be specified that the characters have some kind of
modification when they are printed, such as underlining, superscript, boldface,
overline, or subscript. These character modifications are done with "control" key
strokes. For example, to start underlining characters, simply hold down the "CTRL"
key, hit the "U" key and continue entering text. To stop underlining, hit the "DEL" or
"RUB" key.
STYLOGRAPH MAIL MERGE
A major option of STYLOGRAPH is the related MAIL MERGE program. This pro-
gram adds "form letter" capability to STYLOGRAPH. Variables such as names ad-
dresses, dates, may be taken from a disk file or the keyboard at print out time and
inserted into the text. Successive letters may be printed out without operator in-
tervention.
The second important capability of the MAIL MERGE program allows many
STYLOGRAPH text files to be appended at print out time. This allows files to be
edited in smaller, more convenient blocks and then appended at print out time so
that the page numbers will remain consecutive and the headers and footers will
automatically be retained through all of the print out.
STYLOGRAPH SPELLING CHECKER
Another major option of STYLOGRAPH is the related SPELLING CHECKER pro-
gram. This program reads through a text file and compares the words in the file with
a dictionary. Words that are not found in the dictionary may be marked in the text
for later editing, corrected oh the spot, skipped, or added to the dictionary. Words
may be added to or deleted from the dictionary to create unique vocabularies for
particular applications.
POWERFUL PRINTING OPTIONS
Underlining is supported on TTY type printers. For those people who have
specialty printers there are a variety of additional capabilities including;
1.5 line spacing
BOLDFACE
superscript 1 STYLOGRAPH for the Color Computer FLEX 1 95.00
MnHorhno^^orlino STYLOGRAPH MAIL MERGE 125.00
underline, overline,
or any combination STYLOGRAPH SPELLING CHECK 145.00
Right and left justification of text is accomplished by incremental printing oh TTY
type printers. True proportional spacing is supported on the specialty printers. STANDARD FLEX Version 295.00
FRANK
LABORATORY
THE REGENCY TOWER»770 JAMES ST. • SYRACUSE, NY 13203»TELEX 646740»(315) 474-7856
1. Here is Jeri plugging The Solution into the CoCo. Then she
will move the main case up close to the CoCo. The cable is
kept short to prevent noise and interference. The disk con-
troller can be plugged into the side slot. The power supply
plugs into a socket on the back of the case. All wires for the
internal boards exit out the back of the case.
2. Here Jeri is setting the dip switches in The Solution. The
hinged top makes the job easy. The switches can be set for
three different things. Up to four boards can be installed in-
side the case.
■<■■. ■ ■ ■ ' ■ m ■ ■ ■ ■ ■■
■■'■'Zi >
3, Here is The Solution at work. It makes a very nice addition
to your CoCo with a black anodized top and a silver anodi zed
main case both made from heavy aluminum stock.
4. Here's The Solution all by itself. The heavy aluminum
anodized case is a thing to be proud of. The buffer board can
be seen to the left of the main case. The LED indicator on the
front comes on when you turn on the power to your CoCo.
The Solution needs no on/off switch.
5. All that's missing from this picture is the plug in the wall 6. Here's the real guts to The Solution. We took it all apart so
power supply. You can see the 4K EPROM monitor and the 4
position dip switch. At the front are four of the five expan-
sion slots with a disk controller plugged into the fifth slot on
the side. The power LED is at the Tower right front of the
case.
that you could look at the parts. The 1 amp power supply can
be seen in this picture. AH the connectors are gold as you
would expect. The small board is the buffer board. The white
connectors are the same as the CoCo's.
THE SOLUTION AND WHY WE BUILT IT
When we first introduced FLEX for the CoCo in February
1982 we received hundreds of calls from software and hard-
ware developers who wanted to use the CoCo because it
was so inexpensive compared to everything else on the
market. However there is not enough expansion or I/O in the
CoCo to make this possible for most of these users, i know
that the CoCo is viable in most cases, but for many, there
needed to be more. So that was the original reason for
designing the expansion box we call "THE SOLUTION."
The motherboard has the 2K/4K EPROM socket with a 4K
monitor EPROM in it. Also inside are 4 vertical connectors
for internally mounted boards or ROM type cartridges. The
fifth connector is horizontal and is made for the disk con-
troller, ROM cartridges or additional expansion out the side
the of The Solution. A four position dip switch allows for 3
options to be selected. One option will cause the CoCo to
get its interrupt and reset vectors from the monitor instead
of RS Basic.
if you choose to come up in the monitor, then it is not
necessary to have RS Extended Basic in the CoCo to boot
FLEX because the monitor has a built-in boot. This saves
$100.00 of the cost of The Solution. The power supply Is a
plug-in-the-wall type with a connector in the back of the
case. The back of the case is open and it is thru this that all
the cables for the different cards go. This makes for a very
neat appearance.
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
Bus Structure... Fully buffered Color Computer compatible
bus. Priority daisy chained arrangement where each slot has
a priority assigned to it. The farther out on the bus that you
are, the less priority you have. The disk slot (0) has the
highest priority with slot 1, 2, 3, and then 4 has the lowest.
The pinout and the timing is the same as the Color Com-
puters with the exception of the sound line. This is used on
the motherboard for the priority line.
Power Supply.. .The power supply is a tracking pow&r sup-
ply which means that the Color Computer itself turns The
Solution on and off so that there is no need for an on/off
switch. A LED on the front of The Solution indicates when
the entire system is on or off. The tracking power supply
means that The Solution's bus voltage will be the same as
the Color Computers to within a very few minnivolts. The
power supply included with The Solution is a 1 amp supply
for the 5 volt line only. The + 12 and - 1 2 voltages are taken
from the Color Computer.
Dip switch options...
1) Select the 4K ROM monitor. When this option is
selected, the system will come up in the monitor and get in-
terrupt vectors from it rather than the Radio Shack Basic
ROM. The reason you might want to do this is so you can
boot FLEX from the monitor rather than Basic. This will
allow running FLEX without have to have Extended Color
Basic in the CoCo. This also ties in with the option on the
serial card to come up on a terminal instead of the CoCo TV
set and keyboard.
2) Disable the disk slot (0). This will allow usina ROM
cartidges in The Solution without unplugging the disk card.
When the switch is on, the ROM is active. When it is off,
whatever ROM cartridge is there is active. This infers that
you could switch back and forth between a cartridge and the
disk system. This is NOT necessarily true because of the
need to initialize the disk software in the ROM and this may
destroy what is in memory, it may be possible under special
circumstances to do this but it is up to the user to work it
out.
3) Select either a 2K or a 4K EPROM. This is set for a 4K
EPROM which is included with The Solution. However, it can
be changed if you have a need. The EPROM is addressed at
$E000.
4) User definable. This means that we didn't use this
switch for anything, but you can if you want, or we could call
it 'reserved for future expansion.' This means that we don't
have any use for it now, but we may in the future.
The Solution I/O cards are addressed at either the $FF60-
$FFBF area OR the $FE00-$FEFF area.
These prices and specs are subject to change without
notice. Call for confirmation.
THE SOLUTION $249.00
(Price includes case and power supply.)
CARDS FOR THE SOLUTION
DUAL SERIAL PORT $130.00
Two 6551 ACiAs, programmable baud rates
(110-19,200), full RS-232, DB-25 conn.
CLOCK and PARALLEL PRINTER CARD $110.00
OKI clock w/battery backup and 1 parallel output
port
PROTOTYPE Cards
3Vi by 9 inch card
$ 37.00
FRANK
HOGG
LABORATORY
THE REGENCY TOWEFW70 JAMES ST. •SYRACUSE, NY 13203-TELEX 646740«(315) 474-7856
EPROM/RAM Card $ 90.00
Up to 16K ROM (2732) or 8K static RAM (6116).
Each device individually addressed anywhere in
memory
EPROM prog ra mm er $1 65.00
Program 2K, 4K or 8K EPROMS. Software included
either on disk or on board ROM.
TRIPLE PARALLEL I/O Card
$105.00
Two 6821's and one 6522 for parallel I/O.
Note: We are considering several other cards for The Solu-
tion. Please let us know what you want, if there is enough in-
terest, we will make it.
This tutorial is in response to an accusation from the
Rainbow (1 won't mention any names, okay, Lonnie?)
that 1 had forgotten about them ever since several of
my programs went out nationally for sale. It isalso to prove
that BASIC games can be fun, challenging and responsive.
Witness the Rainbow Roach, written especially for our
own magazine. Countless folks have criticized the program's
name, but whatever you call it, you will undoubtedly recog-
nize it as a tk frogger-like" game although it is more difficult.
You may also wonder how 1 got those six counter-rotating
belts to move at such a rapid pace. Remember Charlie
Roslund's article in the January ^3 Rainbow on machine
language subroutines? Well, that's the answer. To be exact,
72 bytes of machine code can do the rotations at a rate of 25
times per second! The BASIC coding around this routine
slows the belts down to a playable rate and starts your
Roach (or whatever) jumpin\ ridin', slippin\ and slidin\
You may want to challenge your friends with those "other"
computers to come up with a similar game written with their
Extended Color BASIC and watch them slowly lose their
minds!
If for some reason you would like a copy of Rainbow
Roach send S3, a blank cassette and a self-addressed,
stamped-twice envelope to John Fraysse, AFABEAR Soft-
ware, Box S22, Dahlgren, V A 22448. I'll have it in the mail
the day after 1 receive your letter.
PLEASE NOTE: Rainbow Roach uses aPOKE 65495,0 speed-up and
a BREAK KEY disable. Toexit the program or BEFORE SAVING TO
TAPE, PRESS THE RESET BUTTON in the back, right-hand corner
of your machine. ThiswilJ automatically POKE654940 and slowthe
CPU down, I/O from tape or any other device will not function
correctly otherwise.
For those of you who wish to go through the "ins-and-
outs" of how this program works, you will find my commen-
tary starting at Program Features. For those who wish to
"type V run" (it's long!) here are the instructions.
RAINBOW ROACH INSTRUCTIONS
Objective: Get as many roaches as you can to the safe zone
with the highest score possible.
Your situation: You are a Roach (!!!) in a pastry factory
trying to make your escape. The factory management is wise
to your presence and has hired a "hit-man" to do you and
your fellow co-roaches in. As a "bug-a-der" general you
must guide your roaches through the exterminator's detec-
tion system (See figure 1).
When you jump on a belt, you will be detected and the
exterminator will stop drinking coffee to look, but his sys-
tem won't see you if your legs and body are not on a pastry.
As an added precaution, he also sprays the floors (spaces
between the belts) when he finishes his coffee. You will be
sprayed under three conditions: 1} when the coffee (upper
left) runs out; 2) if you jump ona pastry; 3) if you ride a belt
to either screen edge (the wall sensors get you). It has been
reported that there is an extremely small area on just one or
two pastries where you may jump and eat without being
detected. Very few "generals" have guided all seven of their
assigned roaches to complete safety; you know how nasty
and gross humans are!
Scoring: 101 points are awarded foreach floor or belt you
successfully cross. A completely safe trip to the top (SAFE
AREA) is 1,001 points and a "safe" roach is one in the
safe-roach box (upper right below the current score). A
game cycle is seven roaches. However, for multiples of 5,001
38 the RAtNBOW June, 1983
points, you receive seven more roaches. High score and
initials are displayed in the right, upper-most box. Just
below the high score are the initials and score of the current
player. Note: When asked to enter your initials, pleaseenter
only capital letters. No special characters, please,
Control: The right joystick controls the left-right motion
while on the floors. Roaches on the belts ride with the belts.
Extreme f orward joystick will cause a j ump to the next floor
or belt A single jump is accomplished by quick forward-
back {to center)joystick motion. Slightly slower action may
cause a multiple jump situation until the stick is centered.
Multiple jumps {without any stopping) from the bottom
floor to the top safe zone are next to impossible because the
belts rotate every time you jump to a floor, in addition to
their normal rotation rate (determined by difficulty level),
The belts rapidly rotate at the end of each game and initially
when the program starts. Press the spacebar to continue to
another game.
Difficulty Levels: The difficulty level is indicated by the
number in the box between the spray can and coffee cup.
Increasing the level generally increases the speed at which
the belts rotate. At level four the belts rotate at one (fast)
speed while your roach is on the floor and 33 percent faster
when on the belts. You will soon find out that the coffeecup
timer is the limiting factor at the lower levels, while riding a
belt into a wall is the problem at levels three and f our. You
should also note that your roach can outrun the belts at
levels one through three, but not at level four. So, if you
should miss a jump point when playing at the higher levels,
wait or run right to another. You may never catch the one
you missed! You may also run and jump at the same time.
Be f ore warned! The position at which your roach starts a t
the bottom is random over+/ — 2 pixels. Therefore, do not
assume that since youjumped safely in a particular place on
your last roach that you may necessarily do it again. I n many
cases +/ — 2 pixels turns a successful jump into a "roach-in-
the-round pie."
tpfiycBft wffwwlty cup .-oacfuu ton
PJF
■ML
Cz;Q -?o
Flnor [Sate Z one )
6th E3ftl|
The listing:
10 0401
23 O70D
40 0BF2
50 1208
58 1707
END , • .1 ABC
0 POKE65495,0:CLS6: PRINTS 167, "af
abear software"; :PRINT@174, CHR* (
223) ; :PRINT@299, "presents"; : SCRE
EN0, 1 : I FPEEK ( &H3EB9 ) < >&H32 THENC
LEAR350,&H3EA0:FORI=ScH82B9 T0&H8
31E:POKEI-&H4400,PEEK ( I ) : NEXTELS
1 FORI=0TO2:POKE&H3EBD+I, 18!NEXT
: I=&H3F1E
2 POKEI ,&H26:P0KEI+1 , 3 : POKEI +2 , &
H7E: POKEI +3, *<H83: POKEI+4, &H22: PO
KEI+5, &H7E: POKEI + 6, &HA4 : POKE I +7 ,
&H4C
3 P0KE&H19B, &H3E: RUN4
4 GOSUB44:SX=0:NX*=""
5 CLS2:RS=50:PUT<177, 14)-<254,20
) , XM,PSET:PRINT@192, "PLEASE ENTE
R YOUR INITIALS"; : I NPUTN* : LX=LEN
<N*):IF LX>3 OR LX< 1THEN5
6 B*=" " :forn=ito lx: B*=B*+L* (ASC
<mid* <n*,n, l ) ) -54) :nextn:n*=b*:d
RAWBM177, 14;Cl; XN*;BM210, 14; XL*
(0) ; XL* (0) ; XL*(0) ; XL* (0) ; XL*(0) ;
" : F0RN=98T0158 STEP10: PUT <N~3, 26
) -<N+3,34) ,R,PSET: NEXTN: PUT (1 76 >
26) -(254,34) , XM,PSET
7 PUT<155,26)-<161,34) , XM,PSET:C
LS2: PRINT@194, "PLEASE ENTER DIFF
ICULTY LEVEL" ; : PRINT@232, " 1 -EASY
4-HARD" ;: INPUT DF: IF DF< 1 OR DF
>4 THEN 7
8 CLS8:F0RN=22T028:LINE(33,N)-(4
1 , N) , PRESET: NEXTN: DRAW"BM33, 22 ; C
l ; xl*(DF) ; " : screen l , i:rc=6:s=0:s
R=0: ih=0
9 KD=16-DF*4: X=124+RND<3) *2: 1=16
: J=0I K=0: FORN=0TO4 : PLAY l, V3104L24
T24BAFEDC" : NEXTN:PLAY"T201C " : FOR
N=0TO150! NEXTN: PLAY"C" : PUT ( 155, 2
6)-(161 , 34) , XM,PSET
10 IF J<9 THEN 11 ELSE26
11 PUT (X-7, Y( J) -4)- (X+7, Y( J) +4) ,
rw, pset: i = i+.2:k=k+i:line<56, i ) -
(72, I ) , PRESET: J X=INT ( ( JOYSTK ( 0 ) ~
31 ) /40+.5)*4: IF JOYSTK ( 1 ) =0THEN1
5
12 X=X+JX: IFABS( X-128) >116THENX=
128+116*SGN (X-128)
13 IF 1^34 THEN 26 ELSE IF K<KD
THEN 1 1
14 PLAY"V31T255L25503A": EXEC1631
0:K=0: GOTOl 1
June, 1963 the RAINBOW 39
15 ID=0:PUT ( X-3, Y(J)-4)-( X+3, Y< J
) +4) , XM, PSET: PLAY "T10L10O5AB" : J=
J+l : SET ( X -3 , Y ( J ) -4 ) - ( X+3, Y( J) +4)
,RX,G:G0T017
16 PUT(X-3,Y( J)-4)-<X+3, Y( J) +4) ,
RX, AND: PLAY"T12L1205AB" : J=J+1 :6E
T<X-3,Y< J)-4)-(X+3,Y< J) +4) ,RX,G
17 IF PPOINT < X-3, Y(J> >=5 OR PPOI
NT(X+3,Y( J> >=5 OR PPOINT ( X-2, Y ( J
)-l)=5 OR PPOINT (X+2 , Y (J ) + 1 ) =5 O
r ppoinkx, y(j> >=5 or ppoint ( x , y
(j)-4)=5then 18 else 19
18 put(x-3, y< j)-4>-(x+3,y< j>+4> ,
r,or: id=i:boto26
19 put(x-3, y< j>-4)-<x+3,y< j>+4> ,
R,OR
20 K=K+.25:N=JOYSTK(0) : IF JOYSTK
(1)=0 THEN 24 ELSE IF K<KD THEN
20
21 XX=X: X=X+DX (J) : IF ABS(X-128) >
22 X=128+123#SGN(X-128) :PUT(XX-3
, Y < J ) -4 ) - ( X X+3, Y ( J ) +4) , RX , AND: BE
T(X-3,Y( J)-4)-(X+3, Y< J)+4) ,RX,B:
PUT(X-3,Y(J)-3)-(X+3, Y< J) +4) ,R,0
R : S0T026
23 PUT(XX-3, Y( J)-4)-(XX+3, Y(J)+4
) , RX , AND: PLAY " V31 T255L25503A" : EX
EC16310:PUT(X-3,Y(J) -4>-<X+3, Y(J
) +4 ) , R , OR: K=0: 6OTO20
24 IF J=l OR J=4 OR J=7 THEN 16
25 PUT(X-3,Y( J)-4) -(X+3, Y(J) +4) ,
R x , and: play " t 1 0L 1 0O5AB " : j= j+ i : ex
EC16310:SOTO10
26 IF J=9 THEN 29 ELSE IF I>34 A
ND ID=0 THEN28
27 SOSUB31:FORN=0TO10:PUT(X-3,Y(
J ) -4 ) - ( X +3 , Y ( J ) +4 ) , R , OR: S0UND255
, 1: PUT (X-3, Y( J)-4)-(X+3, Y( J) +4) ,
RX, AND: NEXTN: S0SUB32: S=S+J-ID: GO
TO3028 BOSUB31:FORN=0TO10:PUT(X-
3,Y( J)-4)-(X+3, Y(J)+4) ,R,PSET:SO
UND255 , 1 : PUT (X-7,Y(J)-4)-(X+7,Y(
J) +4) , xm,pset:nextn:bosub32:s=s+
J:BOTO3029 PUT(X-3,Y(J)-4)-(X+3,
Y( J) +4) ,R,OR:FORN=1TO120 STEP20:
SOUNDN, 1 : NEXTN: PUT (X-3, Y ( J ) -4 ) - (
X+3,Y( J)+4) , xm,pset:sr=sr+i: XX = 1
75+sr* 1 0 : put ( xx-3, 26) - ( x x +3 , 34 ) ,
r,pset:s=s+10
30 RC=RC-l:XX=98+10*RC:SOSUB33:S
OSUB40:PUT(XX-3,26)-(XX+3,34) , XM
, PSET: ID=0: IF RC=-1THEN 41ELSE9
31 LINE(25, 10) -(45,5),PSET:LINE(
25, 12)-(45, 17) ,PSET:LINE(25, 11)-
(45,8) , PSET: LINE (25, 11) -(45, 14) ,
PSET: RETURN
32 LINE(25, 10)-(45,5) ,PRESET:LIN
E(25, 12)-(45, 17) , PRESET:LINE (25,
A note on difficulty is in order. 1 f eel most games are too
easy. Usually BASIC games are only hard due to their lack
of playability or lack of responsiveness. Rainbow Roach is
very responsive and as good as any BASIC game youH find
on the market today. The choice of difficulty levels makes it
playable to my 6- and 12-year olds and I have trouble with
level four. I believe this is a good mix (sorry, Tom!). I
sincerely hope Rainbow Roach will be as entertaining to
your family as it has been to mine.
Rainbow Roach has several features that many arcade
games possess. These include:
* Colorf ul, hi-res, action graphics
* Interesting sound effects
* Joystick control with quick response
* Bonus play feature
* "Initials & Scores" and high score tally
* Difficulty levels
Rainbow Roach utilizes many aspects of ECB program-
ming. These include:
* Hi-res graphics
* Complete character set [letters (A — Z); numbers (0 — 9)]
* String manipulation
* Break key disable
* Machine language subroutine
RAINBOW ROACH SIMPLIFIED FLOW CHART
IstHOR
BRK KEY
HI SCORE = 0
LINES 0-4
f
SETUP GRAPHICS
2ndHDR
POKE ML
LINES 44-62
~~r~
WAIT- LINE 64
X
UJ
<
CD
UJ
o
CD
X
O
ft
INITIALIZE
ANIMATION LOOP
LINES 5-9
ANIMATION LOOP
LINES 10-25
CHK EVENT: SUCCESS,
FAILURE, BONUS, END
LINES 26-42
WAIT: LINE 43
r
40 the RAINBOW June, 1983
EXPAND YOUR COLOR COMPUTER
User Selectable Expansion Requirements
• Activate your disk controller, ROM PAK , E PROM board, or any
device that normally operates in the expansion slot.
• Protects computer from electrical damage caused by experimental
boards or by plugging/unplugging ROM PAKs and controllers with
the power on.
• Gold inlay connector contacts for more reliable operation.
• Select any of 6 slots with push-button keys or programming.
• Attach additional USER 80C's for additional expansion slots.
• Utilizes its own reset button, eliminating the need to continually
press the reset behind the computer.
• Operates with a 9V battery eliminator (power supply independent of
computer).
• 9V battery eliminator included.
• Has its own on/off switch and LED on/off indicator.
USER 80C "Designed with the User in Mind" $249.95
TERMS: Send certified check or money order for $249.95, plus shipping, handling and applicable sales
tax. (Personal checks take three weeks to process.) For shipping and handling include $5.00 U.S., $8.00
Canadian/Mexican, $15 Overseas. Illinois residents include 5% Sales Tax. Prompt shipment.
Dealer/Club inquiries invited.
J-NOR INDUSTRIES, INC.
6272 W. North Avenue
Chicago, IL 60639
Phones (312) 745-7541
(312) 622-4555
ii>-<45,8> , PRESET: LINE (25, 1 1 > - <4
5, 14) , PRESET: RETURN
33 B*="":S*=STR*(S) :LX=L£N(5*> : I
F LX=3 THEN B*=L* <0> ELSEIF LX=2T
HENB*=L*<0>+L*<0)
34 F0RN=2T0LX:B*=B*+L*<VAL(MID*<
S*,N, 1) > > :NEXTN: IF IH=1THEN36
35 PUT(177,14)-<255 !l 20>,XM 5 PSET:
DRAW " BM 1 78 , 14; CI 5 XN* ; BM210, 14; XB
*;xl*(0) ; xl*<0) ; ":G0T037
36 PUT ( 1 77, 3) - (255, 1 1 ) , Xfi, PSET: D
RAWBM17S, 3; CI ; XNX*; BM210, 3; XB*;
XL*(0) ;XL*(0) 5 ": IM=0:8OTO39
37 IF SX>=S THEN 39
38 IH=i:SX=S:S=SX:NX*=N*:GDT033
39 RETURN
40 DRAW"C1":F0RN=34TQ17 STEP-1:L
INE (56, N) - (72, N) , PSET: NEXTN: RETU
RN
41 IF (S-RS) >=0THEN42ELSE43
42 RS=RS+50: FORN=0TO3: PLAY"V31T8
L80 1 ABDCFEL2E " : NEXTN: F0RN=9STdl5
8 STEP 10: PUT ( N~3 , 26 > - ( N+3 , 34> , R ,
PSET: PLAY" V31L1201 AB" : NEXTN: PUT (
176, 26) -(254, 34) , XM, PSET: RC=6: SR
=0: IH=0:GQTO9
43 EXEC16310:PLAY"V31T255L255D3A
" : IFINKEY*=CHR* (32) THEN5ELSE43
44 DIM L* (36) ,R (2) jRX (2) ,RW(3) , P
Line No(s)Description
Function
COLOR COMPUTER
SOFTWARE
EARTHQUAKE
EUMlfilATORl
DEALER
INQUIRIES
INVITED
COMING SOON FROM
dventuie
INTERNATIONAL
BOX 3435 • LONGWOOD, FL 32750
SEE YOUR DEALER OR CALL US AT 1-800-327-7172
0-3
5-6
7-8
10
11
12-13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
1st HDR+BRK
key disable
Initial set-up
Initial header & break key
disable
GOSUB 44 (set-up graphics;
define character set; put
program in the wait mode;
look for <spacebar>)
New game & player Enter initials; erase old
initials, write new on hi-res
screen
Erase old difficulty level,
enter new, write new diffi-
culty level
Set initial counters, roach
position and belt rate. Play
"prepare to play;" tune;
Blank out next roach
Bonus game
new roach
Begin animation
loop
Floor loop
Rotate belts
End floor loops
Check if at top floor ( J=9); if
so go to EVENT CHECK
(26)
Put floor roach ("RW") on
appropriate floor; incre-
ment coffee timer: Calc.
Horiz. Roach rate (JX);
check vert, joystick f or jump
(=0). If 0; GOTO 15 ( JMP
FL— BLT)
CALC. new horiz. position:
Limit travel; check coffee
timer (>34?) If so then go to
EVENT CHECK (26); else
check time to rotate belts
(K=>KD?) If so then 1 4 else
back to 1 1
Play "Rotate" Note: EXEC
ML; Set K=0; Go to 11
JMP, FL — > BLT Assume successful JMP
(ID=0); Blank floor roach,
Play "JMP" Notes; INC J
(Jump counter); Get Ref.
roach array ("RX"); go to 1 7
(jump on pastry test)
JMP, BLT -> BLT Blank roach on old belt (Use
"RX") Play "JMP" notes;
INC J, Get ref. roach array
("RX")
ck: JMP -^-PASTRY Are any of six points relative
to the roach's future posi-
tion set? If so then 18 else 19
Put roach (OR) on Pastry;
set ID=1; go to 26 (EVENT
CHK)
Put roach on new BLT
INC BLT COUNTER (k);
sample joystick ck: If vert =
0; If so go to 24 (JMP to
BLT or FL test) else ck: If
K<kd; If so then 20 else 21
(ROTATE BLTS)
DIE ON BLT
Successful JMP
BLT LOOP
42 the RAINBOW June, 1983
RAINBOW CONNECTION SOFTWARE presents
mm
The ultimate in hi-res graphics text display. Allows your
Color Computer to write text on any graphics screen
in Rainbow colors.
CHECK THESE IMPORTANT FEATURES:
• User definable 224 character set featuring true
lowercase with descenders, improved cursor,
slashed zero, Greek math symbols, lunar
landers, stick figures, tanks, cars, planes, card
suits, etc.
• Supplied character generator program allows
easy creation of colored, animated figures to
save and use in your own character-graphics
programs.
• Works in all PMODES. Four-color artifacted
characters in PMODE 4 (highest resolution)!
• Two character sets for maximum clarity pro-
duce four character densities: 32 * 16, 42 * 24,
50 x 24, 64 x 24, plus double widths in PMODE 4.
• Pre-loader allows optimum loading in 16K, 32K
or 64K machines. The 64K selection auto-
matically transfers all ROM (including car-
tridge) to RAM.
• ML extension of BASIC completely interfaced
and transparent incorporating direct conver-
sion of all keys and commands including
PRINT @.
Add 3%
Personal Checks Welcome!
Include $2 shipping.
Minnesota residents —
add 6% tax.
Dealer inquiries invited.
Send SASE for catalog.
Automatic underline, superscript, subscript,
reverse video, top and bottom definable scroll
protect options.
User friendly — easy operation vja Status/Help
screen, simplecommands, no messy peeksand
pokes.
Use all day for hi-density screen displays,
graph labels and listings, or incorporate into
your own marketed BASIC or ML games, word
processors, etc.
Special EDTASM+ command allows instant
compatibility with R.S. editor-assembler
cartridge.
Includes demo program, tape/disk conversion
instructions, character generator program, and
operators manual.
Built in syntax error detection and messages.
Utainbow Connection tSojlwaro
16K Extended Basic Required
$29.95 Cas§ — $32.95 Disk
Rainbow Connection Software
3514 6th Place NW
Rochester, MN 55901
Not Affiliated With
The RAINBOW
6":
6":
:L*
5> =
6> =
iu
46
(0
(4)= M ;D3R6LiU3D6;BM+3^-6 (t :L*C
" 5 R6L6D3R6D3L6U1 i SM+9, -5" : L* (
" ; D6R6U3L6 5 BM+9 , -3 M : L* ( 7 ) == M J D
„„R6D6;BM+3,-6 l, :L*<8)="5R6D6L6U
3R6LMJ3;BM+9,0 tJ
( 9 ) = " ; R6D6U3L6U3 ; BM+9 , 0" : I
; R6D6L6U6; BM+9, 0" : L* < 1 1 > = .
. / - , .^.^^i ";BH+3,-6":L*
NTUB,
PMGDE4
H2;
Bii92,25;:u
1LB0U11
11
l :
BM7
1R7
21
ROTATE BLTS
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
*31
*32
*33-39
*40
41-42
HIT WALL
RIDE BLT
JMP, BLT
TEST
Store previous horiz posi-
tion (xx); Calc new horiz.
position (x): Is new position
on either wall?; If so, then 22
(HIT WALL) else 23 (RIDE
BELT)
Set horiz. position at wall;
Blank the old roach posi-
tion; Get the wall position
graphics (RX); Put new
roach at wall; Go to 26
(EVENT CHK)
Blank old roach position;
Play "Rotate" Note; Exec
ML; Rotate BLTS; Put new
Roach position; reset BLT
counter (k=0); Go to 20
(BLT LOOP)
FL Were you on a lower BLT. If
so then 16 JMP, BLT — BLT
else 25 (JMP, BLT ^ FL)
SUCCESS!
JMP, BLT ^FL Blank old roach; Play
End Animation "JMP" notes; INC J, EXEC
Loop ML (ROTATE BLT); Go to
10 (FLOOR LOOP)
EVENT CHECK CKfor top Floor; If so, go to
29 (Success) else CK for
1>34 (out of coffee and on
floor) then 28 (Die on floor)
else 27 (Die on BLT)
DIE ON BELT Turn on spray; Blink roach;
make "Error" sound; Turn
off spray; Calc score; Go to
30 (BOOKEEP)
DIE ON FLOOR Turn on spray; Blink roach;
make "Error" sound; turn
off spray; Calc. score; Go to
30 (BOOKEEP)
Put roach at top floor; make
"Success" sounds: INC Safe
roaches; Put SAFE roach in
box; Calc. score
Dec. Roach count; GOStJB
"SCORE/ HI SCORE"(33);
GOSUB "FULL CUP" (40);
Blank next roach; reset
"dead" indicator (ID) CK
for no more roaches. If so
thenCK BONUS (41) else 9
(New Roach)
Turn spray on
Turn spray off
Prints current score; CKs
for Hi Score
Fills up coffee cup
CKs f or Bonus Play (current
score) a multiple of 5,000
pts; Awards new roaches
and a bonus game; If not
bonus then end (43)
BOOKKEEP
SPRAY ON
SPRAY OFF
SCORE/
HI SCORE
FILL CUP
BONUS PLAY
* Indicates a subroutine
44 the RAINBOW June, 1983
43 END OF GAME Game over: Belts rotate
rapidly waiting on <space-
bar>
*44-63 SET UP
ROUTINE Dim's; define character set
(45-49); define vert. JMP
coordinates & horiz. rates
(50) set up some graphics
(51-53); POKE ML (54-56);
2nd HEADER: Rest of gra
phics (57-63)
64 INITIAL WAIT Introductory display; Belts
rotate rapidly waiting on
spacebar then return
65 REMARKS Credits
DESCRIPTION OF VARIABLES
Regular Variables
I — counter used to determine the time to spray the floors
(I>34) otherwise a general purpose counter outside the ani-
mation loop.
J — Jump position counter (0-9; Floors = 0,3,6,9; Belts =
1,2,4,5,7,8)
K — counter used to determine the time to rotate the belts
(K>=KD)
KD — the number of K counts necessary to cause the belts
to rotate (a function of difficulty level, DF)
N — general purpose counter
ID — "dead" flag — 1 died on belt/0 — died on floor
IH — High score flag (IH=1 High score achieved
IH=0, not)
* <0> ; XL* <0> ; XL* (0) ; BM210, 14; XL* <
0) ; XL* (0) ; XL* (0) ; XL* <0) ; XL* (0) ; "
: PMODE4, 1 : DRAWBM93, 3; C0S7; XL* (2
8> ; XL* (25) ; XL* (11); XL* ( 13) ; BM+0,
-11 XL* (18) ;G1S4 H : CIRCLE (54, 22) ,5
, 1, 1, .29, . 75: CIRCLE (54, 22) ,3, 1, 1
, ■ 25 , ■ 75
54 DATA 142,12,31,166,132,16,142
,0,31, 230, 31 , 231 , 132,48, 31 , 49, 63
,38,246, 167, 132,48, 136,63, 140, 14
,63,47,230, 142, 14,96, 166, 132, 16,
142, 0, 31 , 230, 1 , 231 , 128, 49, 63, 38,
248, 167, 128, 140, 16, 160,47,235, 14
2, 12,0,236, 129,237, 137,5,254,237
55 DATA 137,11,254,140,16,160,38
,241,57
56 FOR 1=16310 TO 16381: READ J:P
OKE I , J: NEXTI : LINE (0, 66) - (255, 66
) , PSET: LINE <0, 84) - (255, 84) , PSET:
CLS6: PRINT@237, "roach " ; : SCREEN0,
1
57 DRAW " BM98 , 32 ; C 1 ; 62E2F2H2 ; BM+0
, -2; B3E3F3H3; BM+0, -2; 83E3F3H3; BM
+2, -1R1 ; BM-5, 05 LI " GET (95, 26) - ( 1
01 , 34) , R, G: LINE (92, 25) — (92, 36) , P
RESET: GET (91 , 26) -(105, 34) , RW, 6: L
INE(92, 25) -(92, 36) , PSET : GET ( 105,
26)-(lll,34) ,RX,G: LINE (0,48) -(25
| 5,48) , PSET
JFD - COCO DISC SYSTEM -$449
J & M Systems, Ltd. is a leader in the Model til
marketplace with our JFD-III Disc Controller With
thousands in operation, we have set new standards
in controller performance and reliability. We bring
these same high standards to the COCO, resulting
in the highest quality disc controller system on the
market. Compare these functions before you buy:
* Price. $449 includes controller, first drive, disc
basic in ROM, and manuals. Just plug it in. J|SKf«K
* Never needs adjusting. Our exclusive Digital !^^^jilfc3S!
/ Phase Lock Loop Data Separator and Digital Pre- fl TT^Il i rZ llff
comp Circuit eliminates the 3 adjustments found U fl " !~. ZZ. . ™ . h
on other controllers. t L^^£iL^£S^
* High quality standard production disc drives. For T^l [HfttlHt^
- improved service and reliability. Tandon & Teac — , —^^^
drives provide twice the read sensitivity that the
drives found in other disc systems do, and hold
their alignment far longer. /
* Gold-plated card edge connectors throughout.
* Software compatible with Radio Shack Disc
Basic, Flex, and OS/9. y
J & M Systems, Ltd., 137 Utah NE, Albuquerque, N.M. 87108
(505)265-1501 / I
j- : .■■■■■■■^ss,-^;
■ ' ' -.^^.^^* , ^^ISa^.■ ,
J&M SYSTEMS, LTD.
June, 1983 the RAINBOW 45
5B FORI=108TO159 STEP 10: PUT ( 1^3 ,
26)-C I+3 P 34) ,r ? pset: next: : line
, 0>- (255,0) , PRESET: LINE (235,0) -(
255, 40) , PRESET: LINE (0,36) -(255, 3
6) , PSET: LINE (22, 17)- (22, 34) , PSET
: LINE (56, 16? -(72, 16) , PSET: LINE (8
7, l)-<87, 15) ,PSET
59 FDRI = 17T034:LINE<56 ? D - (72, I)
, PSET: NEXTI: CIRCLE (15, 53), 4, 1,1,
,5, 1 : CIRCLE (19,57) , 4, 1 , 1, - 75, . 25
: CIRCLE < 15, 61 > ,4,1,1,0, - 5: CIRCLE
(11, 57) ,4, 1, 1 , . 25, * 75: CIRCLE (15,
57) ,4, 1 , l: CIRCLE (15, 57) ,2, 1 , 1 :CI
RCLE(32,51) , 1, l: CIRCLE (32, 63) , 1,
1
60 CIRCLE(45,54> ,3, 1, l:CIRCLE<45
,60) , 3, 1 : PAINT (45, 54) , 1*1: PAINT (
45,60) ,1,1; CIRCLE ( 130,57) ,7, 1,1,
.125,- 875 : DRAW " BM 1 30 , 57 5 NE5IMF5" :
PAINT (125, 57) , 1, 1 : CIRCLE ( 1 29, 54)
, 1,0: CIRCLE (200, 57) ,7, 1: CIRCLE (2
00,57) ,3, 1:PAINTU96,57) ,1,1
61 DRAW"BM215,63;NE9R10NU10LSNE7
R 1 NE7R2E4 ; BM23S , 50 ; NF9R 1 0ND 1 0G4 "
;PM0DE3, 1 : DRAW"BM55, 50; C3R10; BH6
0,63; C4R 1 0 ; BM90 , 50 ; C3R2 0D 1 2L 20U 1
2;BM147 5 50;C2R13D14L13U14;BM168,
50; Rl 2BD2LSBD2C3D6BR3U6BR3D6BR2B
D2C2LBSD2L3R12" : PAINT ( 100, 57) , 3,
3:PAINT(155,57) ,2,2
62 PM0DE4, 1 : PAINT (223, 61) ,5,5:LI
NE (55, 50) - (60, 63) , PSET: LINE (65, 5
0)-<60,63) , PSET: LINE (65, 50) - (70,
63) , PSET: PAINT (65, 55) ,5,5:DRAW"B
M200,57;C0;NE4NF4NG4NH4Cl n
63 DRAW tr BM97,53;C0?XL*<2) ;BM151,
54; XL* (2) ; CI" : GET (6, 49) -( 138,64)
p PI, G: PUT (123, 67) -(255, 82), PI, OR
: GET (146, 49) -(248, 64) , PI , G: PUT (9
,67) -(111,82) ,P1 ? PSET;PCQPY2T03:
PCaPY2T04:SCREENl, 1 : FORI=0TO1000
:NEXTI
64 EXEC16310:PLAY"V31T255L255G3A
,t :IFINKEY*^CHR*(32)THEN RETURN E
LSE64
65 REM RAINBOW ROACH BY J, FRAYS
SE 1983
X — current horizontal position of roach
XX — previous horizontal position of roach
JX — horizontal rate of travel on floors (0, — 4, +4 pixels)
S — score of current player
SX — previous high score
SR — number of safe roaches
RC — roach count (remaining roaches minus 1)
LX — length of strings for initials and scores
RS — reference score used in a test for an increment of
5,000 in the current score
Strings
B$ — string used to graphically display initials
NX$ — initials of previous high score player
N$ — initials of the current player
S$ — string used to store the score converted to a string
Arrays
L$ (36) — character set (A-Z/0-9)
R (2) — roach image used on belts
RX (2) — reference roach graphics (background graphics
around roach)
RW (3) — "wide" roach image used on floors
PI (54) — array used to transfer pastry graphics
XM (20) — multi-purpose eraser array (a blank)
DX (9) — rate-of -travel in the horizontal direction for
roaches on belts
Y (9) — vertical jump coordinates of roach on belts and
floors
PROGRAMMING TECHNIQUES
General Discussion
Rainbow Roach was designed with the features listed in the
Program Features section in mind. While the techniques
used may not all be optimum, they do achieve (I believe) the
desired result. Where there was a choice between speed and
memory, memory was sacrificed, but not to the point of
using more than 16K. Although the program is reasonably
structured (that is, separate functions are restricted to spe-
cific areas in the listing) it is admittedly not very "clear" due
to the lack of REM statements and multiple statements on a
single line (a substantial memory saving method). It is hoped
that the discussions of this article will clarify and highlight
some of the unequalled capabilities of CoCo and that in
doing so will sharpen your skills and spark new ideas of your
own.
Graphics
The philosophy behind the graphics is "single synthesis."
This means that the vast majority of all the graphics are
generated once. Animation was designed never to cause the
destruction of any graphic elements. Objects should be
allowed to be on top of each other (such as a roach on a pie)
and then apart leaving the background elements totally
intact. This is done by the use of two GET/ PUT arrays
which I will refer to as the reference array and the object
array. The object array contains the object you are moving
(say a roach). The reference array has the identical dimen-
sions as the object array and is used to GETthe elements in
the area of an impending PUToi the object array. When the
object array is PUT with a logical OR, the roach appears
with its surroundings. These old positions are then stored
and a new position calculated.
When it is time to move the object array, the reference
array is PUT with a logical AND in the now "old" position.
Next the new position is "GOTTEN" by the reference array
and the object array PUT( OR) in the new position etc. Since
the reference array did not contain the object; a logical ,4 ND
of the reference array on top of the object array and its
background will leave only background. This technique is
exemplified by the unsuccessful belt-to-belt jump of lines 16
to 17 to 18 to26to27. Line 16 (Put ref. (RX) INC. JUMP
COORDINATE (J); Get designation Ref. (RX); to Line 17
to Line 1 8 (Put OBJ (R)) to Line 26 to line 27 (Put OBJ (R);
Put Ref. (RX) in a loop back to line 27 for N=0 to 1 0). Thus
the roach disappears from its previous belt (Line 16) and
reappears on top of a pastry (Line 18) only to blink rapidly
1 1 times and disappear (Line 28) leaving the pastry intact.
46 the RAINBOW June, 1983
ESCAPE
A 3-D GRAPHICS ADVENTURE WITH SOUND
(Machine Language for Fast Action)
This is NOT the usual "find the treasure" adventure. In
ESCAPE, you are trapped on the top floor of a
skyscraper and the only way out is by using a very
unusual elevator. You must give the elevator the
correct code or else the ride down is a real killer. The
maze-like halls seem to cometo life duetothefantastic
3-D graphics. Search the hallsfor rooms which contain
clues to the correct code. Clues must be deciphered to
learn the elevator's secret code. Game times depends
on the skill of the player, but it is typically 8-10 hours.
ESCAPE is suitable for group play. A mentally
stimulating experience.
16K BASIC $18.95
RECIPE FILE
A CASSETTE BASED STORAGE AND
RETRIEVAL SYSTEM
This program permits storage of your favorite recipes
for retrieval by your computer. Once a recipe has been
recalled, then the computer can adjust the ingredient
measure for serving the desired number of persons.
Each recipe can contain special comments on
preparation as well as the full instructions for using the
recipe. Included is a line oriented text editor for
creating and editing the variable length files.
Completely menu driven and very user friendly. Easily
modified by the user for use in keeping track of record,
coin or stamp collections or whatever your interest.
Screen or printer output.
16K Ext. BASIC $21.95
SPECIAL: A collection of 30 recipies covering main
meals to snacks. Only $3.95 with program.
SQUIRE
SQUIRE is a challenging game of
asset management. The player must
manage a country estate and contend
with crop failure, investment losses,
taxes and other such headaches. The
object of the game is to increase the
estate's value while providing for the
peasant workers. The starting assets
are computer selected so that each
game offers different challenges.
Great experience for the kids or
aspiring executives,
16K Ext, BASIC
$14,95
HOUSEHOLD EXPENSE
MANAGER
This menu driven program package is
designed for creating and
maintaining a data file on cassette of
30 household expense categories for
a 12-month period. It also keeps
cumulative totals and a separate total
of tax deductable expenses. A
comparative analysis program
provides a graphic presentation of
relative expenses between any two
months during the year. The user can
change categories by modifying
program code. Screen or printer
output,
16K Ext BASIC $19.95
FLIPPER
A fun and challenging version of the
Othello™ type board games. This
version includes options for play
solely by the computer, one player
against the computer, or two players
against each other. The computer
can play on four skill levels. Very
colorful with plenty of sound. Fun for
kids and challenging foradufts. Great
for parties.
16K Ext. BASIC
$16,95
COLOR
SOFTWARE
SERVICES —
P.O. BOX 1708, DEPT. R
GREENVILLE, TEXAS 75401
INCLUDE S2.25 HANDLING PER ORDER
WRITE FOR FREE CATALOG
DEALER INQUIRES INVITED
RAINBOW
MM
TELEPHONE ORDERS
(214) 454-3674
9-4 Monday-Saturday
VISA/MASTERCARD
This same method is used whenever the belts are rotated
since the ML routine actually rotates only the top belts
(Page 2). The lower belts (Pages 3 and 4) are COPIES of
Page 2. Note Lines 20 to 2 1 (save old position; (xx=x); INC.
position) to Line 23 (Put "RX" (AND) at "old" position;
Rotate belt (EXEC 16310; Put "R"(ORJat new position;
Go back to 20).
While on the floor (which does not rotate) smooth left-
right motion can be programmed using the "RW" (Wide
Roach) array. This array has a blank area on either side of
the roach figure equal to the maximum lef t-right rate (+/ — 4
pixels per loop). Thus repeatedly PUTxng the "RW" array
will automatically erase the previous roach image. The
resulting animation is excellent and non-blinking but can
only be used when in an area where no other graphic ele-
ments exist which is precisely the case when on the floors
between the belts.
But aren't there some things that you would like to erase?
Yes, there are. Here are two methods: 1) Preset the old
object or figure and then redraw (PSET) its replacement
(which requires keeping track of what was there), or 2) PUT
a blank array over it and then draw the new figure. Specifi-
cally, the items needing these methods are the difficulty level
box, the "remaining roaches" box, the "safe roach" box and
the current and high score boxes. The beauty of method (2)
is that you can get away with using one multi-purpose blank
array which you may PUT any place with any dimension so
long as you do not GET it, otherwise the dimension of the
GET must equal the dimension of the PUT. In Rainbow
Roach this array is XM (eraser, multi-purpose). It is used to
blank the high and current scores (78 x 6 — Lines 35 & 36),
the safe roach box (78 x 6 — Line 42) and the remaining
roaches (6x8 — Line 9). As long as XM is dimensioned to
accommodate the largest blank, things will be "cool."
Remember, DONT EVER GET THIS ARRAY.
The graphics screen is laid out with the first page being the
header and safe area. This is where all the non-animation
takes place. The remaining pages each contain two 1 8-pixel-
tall, counter-rotating belts, a separating line and one 11-
pixel-high floor area (a total of 48 lines/ page). This allows
relatively large detailed objects on the belts thus improving
the quality of the graphics.
Rainbow Roach contains a 9 x 6 capital letter and number
set (letters A-Z; numbers 0-9 and a space). This allows "on
screen" score keeping with the player's initials. For conven-
ience, the L$ (36) array uses the elements 0-9 to represent the
numbers 0-9. That is L$(2) draws a "2." L$(10) is the space.
The letter "A" is L$(l 1) which is its ASCII code minus 54.
Thus, any letter may be displayed on the screen by DRA W
"BMX, Y,C1S4;XL$ (ASC(ZZ)— 54);" where "ZZ" is the
letter you wish to create.
Finally the "PI" array is used to move large blocks of
graphics from belt #1 on Page 2 to belt #2. This avoids the
reproduction of the code for the lower belt and most impor-
tantly reduces the program set-up time (see Line 63). You
never see this set-up because CoCo has two separate screen
areas for text and graphics. By displaying the text screen
headers initially and at the half-way point in the set-up
routine (see Lines 0 and 56) and delaying the screen com-
mand until the set-up is complete, one is able to give the
appearance of "instant" hi-res graphics. Since the graphics
are "Single synthesis" subsequent games are always set up.
People hate to wait, but will tolerate an occasional header or
two.
Sound Effects
The sounds used in Rainbow Roach come from a good
deal of experimentation. The PL A Y command is one of the
most versatile functions of CoCo but it's extremely hard to
sit down and think of a sound you would like to make and
then go program it. All I can say is that arcade-like sounds
are possible and are best discovered by experimenting with
combinations of high or low octaves, adjacent notes, short
notes and tempos, and rapid volume changes. You'll find
some examples on Lines 9, 14, 16, 29 (Sound), and 42. Try
these by themselves, the POKE 65495,0 and notice the
higher octaves.
Basic Speed
The eye-to-hand reaction time of the average individual is
usually between .1 and .2 seconds. Therefore any control
loop which updates between 5 and 10 times per second will
seem like almost instantaneous response to almost every-
body. The objective then is to design a loop that samples the
joystick at these speeds. Some real "drags" to loop speed
include GOSUBS, multiplications, divisions, multiple logic
tests, "ON-GOTOs" and large GET or PUT arrays (>10 x
10). One should also try to minimize the line numbers in the
loop or use multiple statements per line. Logic statements
should be at the end of a line unless you are absolutely sure
you know how ECB will handle those jumble-up branches
(I'm not sure I do). The fire button is also slow requiring a
PEEK and then at least one logic test. Loops should be as
close to the beginning line in the program as possible, and I
always like the POKE 65495,0 speed up.
Note the relative simplicity of the floor animation loop
(Lines 1 1 to 14) and the belt animation loop (Lines 20 to 21
to 23). Also note that the "K" belt timer counter is incre-
mented by 1 in the floor loop and by .25 in the belt loop. This
is done to slow down the belt rotations in the belt loop to
that of the floor loop. At level 4, KD=0 and because of the
logic test in Line 20 on KD, the program always branches to
a rotation (assuming that you have not hit a wall) and the .25
increment stops slowing the loop. Consequently at Level
four, the belts move 33 percent faster when the roach is on
them than when he is on the floor, (an added complication to
the player!).
Two arrays help speed the overall animation loop. They
48 the RAINBOW June, 1983
COLOR COMPUTER I FLEX* | OS-9t USERS
DO YOU WANT faster
running programs (over
100 times faster than
BASIC)? A high level
language that is also a low
level language? A compiler
that runs in less than
32K? Assembly language
output? Position
independent code?
Extensive library
functions in source
assembly code? Periodic
newsletters with new
library functions? An aid
in learning assembly
language? Liberal version
updates?
C is the language of the
eighties; accepted by IBM
and Bell Labs for system
development: a compact,
highly versatile, easy to
use language, excellent
to use to build games,
applications, utilities,
operating systems, etc.
DUGGER'S GROWING
SYSTEMS with over 21
years of experience in
computing was first on the
market with a 6809 C
compiler. The compiler has
been extensively tested,
revised, and proven.
DUGGER'S GROWING
SYSTEMS C is a growing
subset of the standard C.
Version 1 contains all the
necessary C commands
(while, if, if else, int, char,
etc.). Version 2 contains
additional features (float,
long, for, goto, etc.).
AN EXTENSIVE
LIBRARY in assembly
language source is
provided (char, I/O,
formatted print,
filehandling, string
manipulating, etc.) Color
Computer version also has
additional functions which
use the BASIC ROM
functions (els, polcat,
floating point, etc.).
ORDER NOW
(new low prices)
Color Computer C Compiler
Version 1.2 (disk version) . . $49.95
Flex C Compiler
Version 2.3 120.00
OS-9 C Compiler
Version 1.2 95.00
C Programming Language
by Kernighan & Ritchie
(a must) 19.95
Computerware
disk assembler 49.95
Computerware Scribe
(Disk editor-text formatter) . 49.95
Shipping add $3.00
C.O.D. and Foreign handling
add 15%
MasterCard and Visa accepted.
DUGGER'S GROWinGHlSVSTEmS
Post Office Box 305 • Solana Beach
California 92075 • (619) 755-4373
DEALER INQUIRIES INVITED
Move up to
language compiler
*OS-9 is a trademark of Microwai'e, Inc.
iFLEX is a trademark of Technical Systems Consultants, Inc.
DO YOU HAVE A BASIC OR ASSEMBLY PROGRAM TO SELL?
. . . avoid unreliable cassette tapes and recorders
and EPROM your program!
With EPACK, BASIC and assembly routines for color computer can be read from cassette tape and stored onto 2516, 2716 (single supply), 2732, 2532, 2564
and 2764 styled EPROM (21 and 25 volt). These EPROM are then inserted into MMB, a game packlike cartridge that automatically executes your program
when it's inserted into the color computer . just like the game packs.
EPACK is an excellent alternative to cassettes for programs you want to sell and for personal programs you would like to executequickly and conveniently
from a more reliable medium.
NOTE: 2732, 2764 and 21 volt capability are available optionally and are not included in the standard EPACK **
EPACK consists of EPG. BROM and MMB for
The units in EPACK are sold individually as follows:
BROM
$150.00
Utility fits any memory size color computer. Its function is to process
BASIC source files into a format that can be written out to EPROM by Con-
trol Craft Inc.'s EPROM programmer (EPG) ... and still be executed by the
BASIC interpreter - but from EPROM, not RAM'
BROM $25.00
EPROM PROGRAMMER (EPG)
• Zero insertion force socket
• Personality plugs configure programmer to accept 2716 (5 volt supply),
2532 and 2564 style EPROM.
• Programmer's software is included on the programmer bpard as firmware.
• Program sources:
* read cassette tape files into memory and then write file to EPROM
(files are in Radio Shack format)
* write color computer RAM to EPROM
* read EPROM inserted in programmer into RAM
* write color computer ROM to EPROM
• Functions:
* test EPROM to see if it's unprogrammed
* read an EPROM into color computer RAM
* write RAM buffer out to EPROM
* redefine the location of the RAM buffer
* verify the programming of an EPROM
* compare the contents of RAM buffer against an EPROM
* edit the RAM buffer
1. Examine/change memory locations
2. Examine/change start buffer address
3. Fill RAM buffer with FF hex
* read blocks from a cassette file into RAM
• Menu driven operation allows easy use
• Plastic case enclosed circuitry
• Gold plated edge connectors
• Self-contained unit ... no external power supplies are used
• Unit operates on any memory sized TRS-80 color computer
epg $105.00
MULTI MEMORY BOARD (MMB)
Complete with support IC, sockets and decoupling capacitors
Accepts 2516, 2716, 2532, 2732, 2564 EPROM (included in EPACK)
Accepts 2016, 4016, 6116 static RAM*
Max capacity of 6 memory chips
Runs on any size TRS-80 color computer
Board is jumper addressable to either $C000 or $8000
Provisions for write protect switch , or can jumper the board to write
protect RAM
Control Lraft Tnc
19270 North Hills Drive • Brookfield, Wl 53005 • (414) 784-9027
Name . .
Company
% Address
City /State
Zip ....
Shipping address (if different from above)
• Jumpers configure the memory type used on the board. Provisions for
inserting DIP switches in place of the jumpers
• Gold plated edge connector
• Each IC or IC socket has decoupling cap installed
• Plastic case is available extra, at $7.50 (pricing is subject to change
without notice) (case included in EPACK)
• RAM may not work with series E or later color computers.
MMB $30.00
** UPGRADE (optional for EPACK or EPG)
2732-25 volt $15.00 2732-21 volt $15.00
2764-25 volt $15.00 2764-21 volt $15.00
SDUMP
OKIDATA owners know that in order to print graphics they lose their
serial interface ...
NOT ANY MORE!
Now you can print Hi-res Pmode 4 graphics images, full size and detail,
on .your OKIDATA, EPSON and other printers, without dot addressable
capacity.
Features:
• Callable from BASIC routine
• Runs stand alone with a menu
• Relocatable
• Automatically finds the start
of graphics pages
• Configurable for several printers
• Fast
• Useable on 16 or 32 or 64 K *
machines with or without Sffjfr''
Extended BASIC Wtt&.' :?l
• Documented Vi
(OK IDA TA , EPSON and RS are trademarks) : . f;. jr*
Actual graphics printed on an OKIDATA printer (shown reduced)
SDUMP $20.00
All prices subject to change without notice.
Order Form: EPACK @ $150.00 =
BROM @ $ 25.00 =
EPG @ $105.00 =
MMB @ $ 30.00 =
SDUMP @ $ 25.00 =
UPGRADE NO @ $15.00=
Wis. residents add 5% sales tax
Shipping & Handling: # of items x $2.00/item =
TOTAL ORDER: S
TO ORDER BY MAIL: SEND MONEY ORDER, CERTIFIED CHECK, CASHIERS
CHECK MASTERCARD/VISA (include card number, inter-bank number,
expiration date and signature).
DEALER INQUIRIES WANTED (minimum dealer order is 10 units)
PAGE 2
Row 48
Row 65
Row 66
Row 67
Row 84
FIGURE 2
HEX ADR
COO
\' ROTATE RIGhP
E20
END ROW
GIF
E40 ....... DOES NOT MOVE. . . .
E60 _
■ ^HOTA I E LEFT
t
E3F
1
. E7F
I
i
J09F :
Figure 2 is a detailed layout of the screen memory loca-
tions of interest. A listing of the assembly code is figure 3.
The following references to lines will refer to assembly list-
ing line numbers. Rows, columns and addresses (in Hex)
will describe the screen locations.
0001 0902
V V V A V 1 V mam
0R6 16310
START ADR
0002 3FB6 8E0C1F
•» «r V ttm war l . mmr mmf mmr i» *r %mf m f ■
IM »C1F
LD ADR END 48
0013 3FB9 A684
LOOP!
LDA ,X
SAVE END COL
0004 3FBB I08E001F
LEY #t001F
C0LS/R0H-1
0005 3FBF E61F
■r mr mr Mmw m mmw ■ u\m> mm¥ mm W
L0QP2
LDB
LD X-l VAL
mh 3FC1 E784
mr mr « w ^* a mmr 4* ■ ■ •
STB .X
STORE X-l 3 X
0007 3FC3 301 F
'm- m • w Mr V' ^Bf w mm w
DEX
DECREASE X REG
0008 3FC5 313F
mi mr mr mmw mw w mm maw mw mm mm a
LEAY -1,Y
DECREASE Y RE6
0009 3FC7 26F6
BNE LOOP 2
DO TIL LT COL
0010 3FC9 A784
mi mr mm • mmw w mm* -#- www mmw .9
STA y X
LAST C0L=FIRST
001 i 3FCB 30883F
LEAS t^F /
END NEXT ROM
0012 3FCE 8G0E3F
CHPX #*E3F
AT END ROW
0013 3FD1 2FE6
BLE LOOP!
DO TIL TRUE
0014 3FD3 SEflEiO
LDX #tE60
LD ADR 1STC0L67
0015 3FD6 A684
L00P3
LDA ,X
SAVE 1STC0L
0016 3FD8 108E00 IF
LDY «001F
COL /ROM- 1
0017 3FDC E*GJ
L00P4
LDB 1,X
LD X+l VAL
0018 3FDE E7B0
STB ,1+
STORE W * X
0019 3FE0 313F
LEAY -1,1
DEC Y
0020 3FE2 26FS
BNE LOOT
DO TIL RT COL
0021 3FE4 A780
5TA ,X+
1STC0L=LA3T
0022 3FE6 BC10A0
CHPX M10AO
i END ROW 64?
0023 3FE9 2FEB
&LE L0OP3
DO TIL TRUE
0024 3FEB 8E0C00
LDX #$C00
ADR ROW 48
0025 3FEE EC81
LOOPS
LDD f J++
GET 2 BYTES
0026 3FF0 ED8905FE
STD $5FE,X
OFFSET TO PG3
0027 3FF4 ED890BFE
3TD $BFE,)i
OFFSET 7G PG4
0028 3FF8 8C10A0
CHPX HI DM
END ROW 84?
0029 3FFB 26F1
BNE LOOPS
DO Tit TRUE
0030 3FFD 39
RTS
BACK TO BASIC
Well, how do we do it? If you want to rotate a row to the
right you must start at the right-most byte of the row. If you
want to rotate to the lef t, you must start at the lef t-most byte.
Otherwise, you will copy your initial byte through every
column in the row. Now, referring to Figure 2 and the
listing, let's go through the "rotate right" portion. Line 2
loads the address of the last byte in row 48 into the X index
register. Line 3 loads the contents of the X address into the A
accumulation for safekeeping until after all the bytes have
moved right. Line 4 uses the Y index register as a counter
and loads the number of columns in a row minus 1 into Y.
Thus we will use the value in Y to tell us when we have
reached the end of the row. Line 5 loads the B accumulator
with the contents of the address pointed to by the X register
minus one; or just to the lef t of the X address. Line 6 puts the
contents of the B accumulator into the X position or in
BASIC N(X)=N(X-1). In words, the byte on the right is
given t he value of the byte on the lef t. Line 7 moves the index
pointer (X) to the left (decrements X). Line 8 subtracts one
from the times you've been through the loop. Line 9 checks
to see if Y is zero. If it is you are through with the row, if not
then you go back to Line 5 (loop 2). Assuming that you are
through with the row, Line 10 stores the A accumulator
(remember what's in there?) in the X position or at this point
in the program at the left-most byte of the row. Therefore,
the right-most byte has now become the left-most . . . you've
wrapped it around! Line 1 1 increments X to the end of the
next row. Line 12 checks to see if you are at the end of row
65. If not, Line 13 branches back to a new row. If so, then
continue to Line 14 (rotate left).
Lines 14 through 23 rotate rows 67-84 to the left in a very
similar fashion. Lines 24 through 30 do a selective PCOPY
f rom page 2 (rows 48 through 84) to pages 3 and 4. Use of the
double accumulator D ( A+B) speeds the copying by a factor
of almost two. The key is Lines 26 and 27 where the store
command is used in its extended, indexed/ offset mode of
operation. After the double X increment, Line 26 writes
every two-byte element on page 2 to the corresponding two
bytes on page 3. (5FE+2=600=the page to page distance).
Line 27 does the same thing except with a 2 page offset
(BFE+2=COO). Lines 28 and 29 test to see if you have
gotten to the end of row 84. If you have, then you are ready
to return to BASIC (Line 30-RTS).
Well, that's all for now, folks! If you still have problems or
questions call (703) 775-7018 after 6:00 p.m., write John
Fraysse, Box 822, Dahlgren, VA 22448, or come see me.
We'll go sailing on the Chesapeake and discuss it! (We race
every Monday afternoon!)
52 the RAINBOW June, 1983
LEARN A SECOND LANGUAGE ON YOUR
COLOR COMPUTER • NEW • exciting • easy
Creative Courseware using the latest
technology and Professional Programming
Fulfill your educational objectives
Have fun learning a new language
Expand your children's horizons.
• Improve your job potential
• Young and old can learn
• Affordable, only pennies per hour.
— High quality visuals, not dotted graphics
• HEAR — High quality audio as spoken by natives
• UNDERSTAND — Through programmed instruction
• RESPOND — Branching, and looping insure learning.
Our Lessons Teach You to
HEAR and THINK in a
Second Language
These lessons are for you if you:
• Think you can't learn
• Have had previous difficulties
• Want to start out right
• Want language success
Lessons Now Available in
Spanish, English and
French
• Color Computer with 16K RAM
and tape recorder required
• SLU-1: People, Persons & Family
• SLU-2: Stand, Walk & Run
• SLU-3: Smile, Eat & Talk
• SLU-4: House
• SLU-5: Open & Closed
• SLU-6: Furniture & Appliances
• SLU-7: Meals
• Vocabulary #1, 2 & 3: 200 words each
Other Lessons and
Languages Available Soon
Special Values
Special Value #1
SLU 1-3, VOCAB 1, and Lesson Control
A $129.75 Value for only $99.95.
SV-1 (specify language desired) $99.95
Special Value #2
SLU 1-7, VOCAB 1-3, and Lesson Control
A $249.45 Value for only $199.95.
SV-2 (specify language desired). . . $1 99.95
Demonstration Lesson (for the doubter)
DEMO-1 $9.95
Individual Lessons:
(specify language desired)
Second Language Usage (SLU) $19.95
Vocabulary (SL) $19.95
Lesson Control: (only one copy needed
for all lessons and languages)
LC-CC $49.50
HOW TO HEAR AND THINK IN a second language
Skilled linguists have developed our series of second language programs. The lessons utilize the power of programmed
instruction wherein you are advanced to new material only after satisfactory learning has occurred at the current level. Our
techniques teach you how to think in a language without initially using any printed text material. No mental translation to your
native language is required. You learn as a child does, hearing and speaking before reading. The computer both tutors and
keeps track of progress as it moves you forward (or backward when review is necessary). AUDIO plus VISUALS plus
INTERACTIVE RESPONSE establish the learning process, and literally THOUSANDSof visuals help seal-in the sound patterns
of your new language.
All of our lessons are interactive and user friendly; yet, you are unaware of the complex course structure involved. For
example: Lesson SLU-1 uses the theme of PEOPLE, PERSONS & FAMILY to teach the use of nouns to name things, to classify
them into categories, and to identify members of a group. Sentence structure is developed using the verb be' and its relationship
to nouns and adverbs, including plural forms and inversions. Noun structure using definite and indefinite articles, and regular
and irregular plural forms is also presented. The other lessons are similarly designed. In addition, each VOCABULARY LESSON
presents approximately 200 visuals and 200 words that are integrated into the learning process.
While the foregoing might seem complex, and it is, IT IS ALSO THE REASON OUR COURSEWARE CAN TEACH
LANGUAGES. If you have tried 'game' or 'tape' language programs you know that they are ineffective. Our programs can teach
you a language because we have successfully combined expert authoring of programmed courseware with audio & visuals &
response & branching into a powerful tutorial package.
DEALER INQUIRIES ACCEPTED
We have a broad range of Audio
Visual Computer Aided Instruc-
tion under development. Some
users of our courseware might
include Day Care Centers,
Schools (public and private),
institutions in various categories,
individuals and language tutors.
ABSOLUTELY NO RISK
You may examine your
order for 15 days. If you de-
cide not to take advantage
of the lesson(s) simply re-
turn in good condition for a
full refund or cancellation
of credit card charges.
*WE PAY UPS IN USA
(street address required for UPS)
*Add $2.00 if US Mail desired.
*Add 15% for foreign, APO & FPO
(Remit in US Funds)
*Virginia Orders add 4% sales tax
* Mail credit card orders please
include all card information
WE ACCEPT
• VISA and
MASTER CARD
• Money Orders
• Certified Checks
• Other Checks (must
clear before shipment)
FREE ORDER LINE
1 -800-368-6300
T T T
FOR VIRGINIA ORDERS
AND OTHER CALLS:
1 -804-463-6300
,1- * X
BASIC PROGRAMS, INC.
236 Mustang Trail, #102
Virginia Beach, VA 23452
■ >
SIMULATION
i
SCFWI
an instru
simulati
■ ■ .
Ell
WW**
■ ■ ■ ■ ft ■ ft
4 | i ■*• - d *
ft P ■ * J -i i^i
ppHftppftftap
ViSS'i'i'* 1 * 1 **/.
WiWAVtW
« i ■ ■ # ■
■ ^ n ■ ■ a fa ft 1 I P I
■ I ft I I
pffff^ff ■ ■ i P fa
rftftftPPPPPPPftft
m m m m * + 4 • t * * * ■
■ ■ ■ ■ ri-ftftpfftftft I
. ■ ■ ■ m ft * p- * * * _■
ft ft
* * . ft- *
.V
■ ■
ft ft ft- ft ft , p . ■ * _
ft ft ft 4 ft ft ft ft ft ■ ft P 1
KHHqiBHHftftftftft
* ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft- ft ' P P i
PPPP""*** ft ft ft
■ ft ft fa ft ft ft ft 1 I- ft * ft
+ + +hhhP"P"" "
■ ■■■■■■■ftrftft
* * 4 ft ft ft ft ■
I P ■ P| »ftftftftftft
ft ft ft ft ft ft ft I ft I ftP
■.■.V»V ■*■'■*■*■ V,
i fa I I ft F j P *" +
ft L P ft ft ft -P ft ft P I I
f m I I -ft ft ft
. . . ft ft + ft 1 ft ft I I
■ ■■■■■■ftftftftft
ftftPPftH'ftftft I I I
.■.■.'.'.V,',',V,V
.V.'i'A'.'.V.V,-
„v.v-*p'p'.'.'*v.
VVV Hllllll # +
■ * * I 11- + 1- . -F 1 . ■■ . I . I
¥ * + * ■ P ■ I * * * *
#1 i- 1- 1- * « -I III,*
Vi'i'i'i'i'/iV.'.'.
w w\- .www
fa ft m-WWW*^
■ J ■ ^ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ft + +
ft ft- ft d ■ ri 4 + + ft ft ft
J. I LBHBBBB11-I
■ ■ ■ ftfti-ftftftftll
■ + -P-P-P P ■ ■ ■
■ ■ ■ a-ftftftftftft ftp
WWWSmW*W*
* * *_- , J .- , J .- i
ft ■ ft
r »■ L -
ft ft ft I ■■
.ft I ft ft . ft I ■ ,
*!
■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■
r r h h
■ ■■■■ft + + ftftft l
■ ftftftIPP""""
i ft fa ft I I I
■ ftfaaiiipppppp
ft + + I! I
■♦>■*•■ 'X
1 ■ A + 4 I I
V-V-Vl'l*
■,v,'.v.v
■ 9 -I -I ■ ■ ■ ■
■ ■■■■■■
w.viw
ft ft * ft ft ft ft I
PI ■ T T
h * P I
■ * ft ft ft
* * *
■ m m m m ft ' ft I
III
i i i v ■ fa I I
ft ft ft ft ft ft P
l u m m m m m m
ft I I I I ft ft, II- P »
TVV *ftftftftft I
ftftPIPftPPPP
* + + -■■■■■■■
PftftftPPftHPH
■ m -■ i .1 .■■ . i . ■ . n . *
ft ft ft
ft ft- ft
■ ■ ■ ■ r
ftftftftftft ft lftPPPP
+ . + .V.V.\\\ \W>
'.*.*.*.*.*. WWW
ft ft ft ft .ft ,
Franklin
~ •■ ft
- r
ft ft
ft .ft
.www.
- , - , i i i
* ■
■ ■
v.
Ill ■ i' ii- '
. . . ri ri * + H
+ + + ft ft . I .ft . I ,
r r I- P P
■ ■
I I I I 1
I
■ ft I I I
< ■ IF
■ p
L L ■ ■
I h fa fa
'.V.'.
WW
i p ■ p
■ ■ ■ ■
+ -p i ■
+ -p ■ ■
p p i
Wi
W'.
+ -p I
■ ■ I
ft ft I
I ■
■ p
•i'.'.'i
■l*. , . , +
ft ft I I
t. m m fa
- J ' -
i ■ ■ ■
P P ■ ft
WW
p p p ■
m m ft ft
■ ■ ■
p ft ft ft ■ p
■ p p m 'm "
■ ■■PI
I * ► * + * +
ft ■ ■ ■ ■ ■
■'■■'■■■>:■
*,*»*,*■*»*•
•■•■'.\*.*i
P P ft V ft ■
.V.V.V
PI I p + ■
ft ft ft .#
■ ■
■ ■■IIP
ft ■ ■ p p p
p ■ ■ + ■ ■
■ ■ ■ p p p
Wi
www
ft ft ft ft ■ p
•\*.V.V
■ ■ ■ p
ft ft
ft ■
i
ft ft ft ft ft
■ ft I I . I
ft p p> * * * ■ 1.*.*.
ft ft'
■" ■*
$
■+-i
"r".
■ ■
I ■ ■ ■
I ■ ■ P
I ¥ ft"p""p
L ■ ■
■ ri ft ft
.W\
■ ■ ■
■ ■ ■
ft ft
ft ■
n ■ r r * *
VA'AV
^■p^^^*+■
i ■ p ft a -■ ■
f T ■ ' ■ *
■ ■ I i r fa i
.WW^*S.
-•-WW.
■ ■ ■ . ■
K ft ft
■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ft fa ■
•II l^l^l^l ,1 _
, ■ _■ *+_+_+_ ■_ ■
■ ■ ■ , ■ " ■
■l'l
d+fapppp-
ft ■ i
t * * 'f .+ .-■
l-ftftiiiiri
fa fa ■ ■ ■ ■ p p -p i ■
i 4 ft H p ■■■■■■ n
ft_ ■ Pi
* ■■ ■ ■ p p
m m m m m m ■
fa fa ■ ■ ■ ■ P„
fa fa fa ■ d
fa ■ i ■ i ■
ft ft ft ft ft ft I
ft ft I I I P P
■l ■ a j ■
'■'■■■an
■p"p"."."r
■ ■ ■ ■
ft ft + + ft
■ ■ ■ ■
'»Vi"."
WW
WW
■ ■ ■ ■ ■
■ ■ ■ ■ ■
.WW
*ww
* *
r . 1
.V.
■Vi
fa ■
I- p '
■ ■
ft ft ft ft ft ft^-^
■ r 9 i J -I ■ ■
.-.'i-i'+VA
s.www
,■/-■-■.■.*.*.
i ■ P i , 1- P _ # .
*«ViV*V»!
■ PPPPPPH
P ft ft ft P i *
■ PPPPPPh
m ft ft i I ■ ■
Instrument Flight Simulator is a real-time representation
of an instrumented light plane, The instrument in-
dications fairly accurately represent the responses and reac-
tions of a typical light plane, handled gently. The navigation
is based on an X-Y plot and can be considered accurate
within the range of the aircraft (earth curvature disregarded),
Some of the more realistic responses are:
•Gradual increases in rpm, airspeed, and vertical velocity.
•Correct response of airspeed versus climb/descent (i,e. if
you are flying straight and level and pull back the throttle,
the aircraft will descend; or forward on the throttle, the
(Editor s Note: We believe Instrument Flight Simulator to
be a first-rate program of special interest to pilots or, at the
very least, those with some knowledge of instrument flying.
It is not an arcade type game, but a serious exercise that
requires some brain-busting decisions, even for an expe-
rienced pilot. It isan excellent example of a computer simu-
lation, but it is not for the uninitiated.)
aircraft will climb).
•A lagging response on the vertical velocity indicator.
•For fixed throttle and up pitch, a decreasing rate of climb
to the maximum 10,000 feet altitude,
•An outstanding navigational package which can be posi-
tionally applied to a real map or a hypothetical map for
practice.
The program will run on 16K Extended Color. To do this,
it is necessary to chop the input prompts. Explanation of the
abbreviations follows.
BRG — angular position of 0-360 degrees (0 at top and
clockwise rotation) of a nav-aid or the aircraft.
DISTANCE — distance in miles of the nav-aid or aircraft
from the reference position.
RWY HDG — runway heading of an 1LS airfield,
HDG — heading, or direction of travel, of the airplane.
WIND D1R— wind direction 0-360 degrees.
VEL — velocity of wind in miles per hour,
FUEL — fuel amount in gallons; maximum 24,
54
Ihe RAINBOW
June, 1983
fa fa fa
fa fa fa
Rnn*a>
■ ■
h ■
■ lid
I I I ■
fa ■ ■ d
■ fa ■ ■
■ fa ■ ■
■k m fa m I
■ hi
fa ■ ■
fa ■ ■
■ Id
I I ■
■ da
bid
fa ■ ■
■ *
I ■
I have provided two examples of how
stations may be input, and a sketch to
help understand the ILS system. Once
the station input system is understood,
it is relatively easy to re-input the data
on subsequent flights, perhaps changing
only the aircraft position if you are
starting from a different point.
To use Instrument Flight Simulator,
load and RUN. If you wish you may
enter "0" in all the input prompts to get
to the instrument panel for the familiar-
ization phase.
The aircraft is a single engine, light
plane. It is not aerobatic and will not
stall unless you are gliding down out of
gas; then, if you allow airspeed to go
below 50 mph, look out! Fuel capacity
is 24 gallons and use rate is six gallons
per hour at 2,000 rpm. Absolute ceiling
is 10,000 ft. It will cruise at 120 mph at
2000 rpm straight and level.
The Instruments
Starting from the top left and going
counterclockwise the instruments and
their function will be described.
1) Top left: Air Speed Indicator. Scale
reads in miles per hour x 100.
2) Middle left: rpm indicator. Scale
reads engine revolutions per minute x
1 ,000.
3) Lower left: D/ F Dial (direction find-
ing). Scale calibrated in 30 degree
increments for direction. Pointer will
indicate bearing to station selected. Dot
indicates heading of the aircraft.
4) Lower left box: DME (distance
measuring equipment). Gives miles and
tenths to station selected (up to 99.9
miles for a TACAN or9.9 milesf or ILS.
5) Lower middle box: Station selected. Gives number of the
navigational aid station selected.
6) Lower right box: Elapsed time clock. Reads hours and
minutes of elapsed time.
7) Lower right: Fuel gauge. Capacity 24 gallons. Aircraft
uses six gallons per hour at 2,000 rpm.
8) Middle right: VVI (vertical velocity indicator). Indicates
in feet per minute x 1000 the rate of climb or descent. This
instrument does not indicate an immediate response, but
lags actual vertical velocity and will "catch up."
9) Upper right: Altimeter. Short pointer indicates altitude in
feet x 1,000; long pointer is a vernier and is feet x 100.
10) Top center: Course readout. Indicates the heading of the
aircraft in degrees. This is a more precise indication than the
dot on the D/F dial.
11) Middle: Flight director. Scale at bottom indicates turn
rate. Left side scale is for aircraft pitch. Scale at top is
deviation from glide path in one-degree steps. Scale at right
is deviation from glide slope in 1^-degree increments. Air-
craft representation in center represents pitch and bank of
the aircraft.
Navigation
While it is beyond the scope of this article to teach flying
and navigation, a short explanation will help in understand-
ing the navigational instruments and indications.
fa fa ■ ■
fa I ■ d-
F I I
fall
Glide Path Runway Heading
Sketch of ILS System
A
2.5 tr lid Ml ope
Runway Station
Touch Down
Point
Glidepath deviation will be
indicated up to 15° either side
of the glidepath and in 1°
increments when you are within
3°
When pointer is aligned with
center mark you are on glide-
path. When side indicator is
aligned with the middle mark
you are on glideslope.
Left of Glidepath
Below Glideslope
Right of Glidepath
Above Glideslope
You must fly TO the indicator.
■ ■ ■ ■ ■
fa fa fa I d
fa I I I d
I I I I ■■
F F * * I *
I I I I I I
■ ■did
■ ■■■■■
■ *
■ ■
F ■ * ■ ■ ■
F ■ ■ ■ ■ ■
h fa ■ ■ ■ d d
At the beginning of the program, you must input the
locations of the stations you will be using to navigate by.
Stations 1, 2, and 3 are ILS (instrument landing system);
stations 4, 5, and 6 are TACAN (tactical air control and
navigation); stations 7, 8, and 9 are ADF (automatic direc-
tion finding).
ADF. When an ADF station is selected, the pointer on the
D/F dial will indicate the bearing to that station.
TACAN. When a TACAN station is selected, the pointer
on the D/ F dial will indicate the bearing to that station and
the distance to that station will be indicated in the DME
box. The range limit for a TACAN is 99.9 miles.
ILS. When an ILS station is selected, to get instrument
readings you must be within 9.9 miles of the station and
within ±15 degrees of the runway heading, otherwise the
signal cannot be received. The bearing to the station will be
indicated on the D/ F dial and the distance indicated in the
DME box. In addition, you will have deviation from glide
path indicated at the top of the flight director and deviation
from glide slope indicated on the right side of the flight
director. In both cases, the indicator shows where the proper
position is and you must fly toward that position (i.e. chase
the indicator). At this point remember that the "0" deviation
mark is the position of your aircraft — do not confuse the
pitch and bank indicator with readings on these indicators —
especially the glide slope indicator.
June, 1983 the RAINBOW 55
Genesis Software
presents
Color Computer Programs
*Secret Of The Crypt
The BIG adventure continues. The sequel
to the popular "Enchanted Forest" is here!
You 11 move in more than 50 hi-res, 3-D
graphic scenes searching for clues in an
attempt to enter the crypt. But beware, the
trail to the crypt is beset with puzzlements.
In fact, the crypt's secret w 11 remain a
mystery to all but the most adventuresome.
Requires 32K extended basic.
Tape cassette (postage paid) $21.95
+Bigfoot
Hunt Big foot in a hidden maze of caverns
and twisting tunnels that are displayed in
hi-res graphics as you move. Seek out the
lair of Big foot while avoiding perils along
the way. Features multiple levels and many
options of play. Each hunt takes place in a
new, randomly generated maze. Challeng-
ing and fun. Requires 32K extended basic.
Tape cassette (postage paid) $21.95
* The Enchanted Forest
The BIG adventure in hi -res graphics.
Move through more than 50 scenes on a
quest to rescue the captive princess. Deci-
sions are made according to visual clues,
not text. There are many inhabitants in the
Enchanted Forest — some are friendly,
some are not. This is a sophisticated com-
puter adventure — a real challenge. A
must for your adventure library. Requires
32K extended basic.
Tape cassette (postage paid) $21.95
(The Enchanted Forest was reviewed in the Dec. 1982
issue of Rainbow).
* The Game Show
Now a lively party game where two teams
compete against the clock to name several
items in a category. Includes 60 rounds
with color graphics and sound. Machine
language routine for fast response. Re-
quires 16K extended basic and joysticks.
Tape cassette (postage paid) $19.95
(The Game Show was reviewed in the Jan. 1983 issue
of Rainbow).
Genesis Software
P.O. Box 936, Manchester, Mo. 63011
Personal checks welcome - no delay.
Missouri residents add 5.625 percent sales tax.
The positions of the various navigational aid stations are
input at the beginning of the program. All input bearings
and distances are referenced to a "0" point on a map, and
this point does not necessarily have to be one of your sta-
tions. Stations 1, 2, and 3 are ILS stations and require a
bearing (BRG) and distance from the reference point and a
runway heading (RWY HDG). Stations 4, 5, and 6 which
are TACAN stations, and 7, 8, and 9 which are ADF sta-
tions require only bearing and distance inputs.
While ILS stations are obviously the locations of airports,
the TACAN and ADF stations may be located elsewhere,
and frequently are. This can present a navigational chal-
lenge to the CoCo flyer.
As you enter the station, location information bearing is
in degrees (0-360), distance is in miles, and runway heading
is in degrees (0-360). If you make an error while entering
position information, simply punch on through and re-enter
on the next station prompt. Do not try to enter more than
one station position per station number, as only the last
information entered is valid. When you have entered all
your desired information, on the "STATION #" prompt
enter "0" and the program will advance to the next input
routine. Any stations that you have not entered data f or will
reflect the position of the reference spot.
After you have exited the navigational input routine, you
will have prompts to position the airplane. These inputs are
identical to an ILS station input. Presumably, you will want
to place the airplane on one of your ILS airports and headed
(HDG) in the same direction as the runway. Next input is
fuel, 1-24 gallons.
The next prompt will ask for a wind direction and then a
wind velocity (and you thought this wasn't real?). Direction
is in degrees, 0-360, and velocity in miles per hour.
Remember, wind direction is the compass heading that the
wind is comingfrom.
Flying
The right joystick is the throttle; left joystick controls the
elevators and ailerons/ rudder. The joysticks are a little
touchy, especially on the turn rate, however, this is a com-
promise between having a turn rate that won't take all day
for a turn and having gentle control for straight and level.
For best simulation the joysticks should be moved slowly
and smoothly (you probably wouldn't be violent in an actual
airplane, either).
The throttle should be pulled back all the way prior to
starting, else you may already have airspeed by the time the
panel appears. On start up, there will be no figures in the
course readout at top center. However, as soon as the air-
craft moves, course heading will appear. If the aircraft is not
moving the navigational aids will not be updated. Theref ore,
you cannot use the different stations to
determine your position if you are sitting still on the runway.
To select a navigational aid simply press the key (1-9) of
the station you wish to use. If you are within range, 9.9 miles
and ± 1 5 degrees f or an ILS, or 99.9 miles f or a TACAN the
instruments will indicate accordingly. There is a 200-mile
range limit for the ADF. If you are out of range of an ILS or
TACAN station you will lose all pointers and mileage indi-
cations. When you come back in range the information will
again be displayed. To turn off your navigational aid
receiver press "0" and all indicators will disappear.
To navigate with any degree of accuracy, you should use
some sort of map, actual or homemade, so that bearings and
56 the RAINBOW June, 1983
The TRS-80* Color-Computer
ENHANCED
Database Management, Word Processing and Spread Sheet Calculations in One Integrated Package
Business Applications
Real Estate
Ledgers
Mailing Lists
Single Letters
Memos
Phone Lists
Form Letters
Charts
Business Reports
Inventories
Income Tax Preparation
Property Maintenance
Property Rentals
Receivables
Payables
Order Entry
Business Contacts
Appointments
Client Profiles
Document/ Article Indexing
Lab Reports
Personnel Records
Student Grades
Budgets
Homebase is Easy to Use
• No programming required.
All options are displayed in
menus. HOMEBASE automa-
tically requests all required
data and edits every entry.
• All commands are single key
stroke.
• Full screen editing for text
entry.
• Complete curosr control for
entering names, titles,
notes, comments and all
other data.
• Over 100 pages of well
organized and easy to use
documentation with complete
descriptions of every com-
mand, and examples.
• Requires 32K of memory,
DISK BASIC and only one
disk drive. No equipment
modifications required.
• Fast response to all com-
mands including search and
sort.
Enhancement:
• A tutorial/demonstration file
with step-by-step instructions.
Custom Report Writer For Data Management Files
Merge data management files with text files
Print one document per data record .
Print one document for multiple data records by using a
data field as a key for matching records.
Use all printer control options.
Print multiple copies.
Print selected data records.
Store multiple formats on a single TEXT file.
Alter formats while using the REPORT WRITER or TEXT
PROCESSING program.
Data Management
• Define 50 data fields, in-
cluding a comment field, in a
single record. Dates, time of
day, phone numbers and
dollar amounts are
automatically formatted. You
may also define 24 scratch-
pad data fields not contained
within your data records.
• Reorganize records by mov-
ing data fields within records
or by moving records within
a file. You may sort records
in ascending or descending
order using record names
you assign or data values.
• Manage files by searching,
deleting, clearing, duplicat-
ing, and displaying any data
or record. Add, subtract,
multiply, divide, or sum-
marize any data field. Use
any command on a single
record or selected group of
records. You may also selec-
tively process any single
data field or group of data
fields.
• Print files using automatic
formatting with options to
print report titles, a report
date, page numbers, record
names, and data field
names. Print all or selected
data fields or records.
Enhancements:
• Variable length alpha/text
data fields.
• Use 1 or 2 disk drives.
• Range search for alpha/text
data fields and record
names.
• Calculator mode for entering
new data field values while
performing calculations and
automatically displaying the
results of calculations.
• Extended sort which permits
sorting on any position
within a comment alpha/text
data field.
• Separate printer drivers for
NEC and OKI DATA printers.
Text/Word Processing
• Define 250 screens of text
you can search, sort,
display, or print. Reference
or select records using
ORDER TOLL FREE 800-334-0854
Credit card holders call toll free: 800-334-0854, extension 887
in North Carolina call: 800-672-0101, extension 887 or send a
check or money order for $75 + $5 for handling charges to:
HOMEBASE™ COMPUTER SYSTEMS
P.O. Box 3448, Durham, N.C. 27702
90 day warranty
N.C. residents add 4% for sales tax. Allow 1 to 3 weeks delivery.
HOMEBASE™ is a trademark of HOMEBASE ™ COMPUTER SYSTEMS,
a subsidiary of Small Business Systems, Durham, N.C. (919) 544-5408.
*TRS-80 is a trademark of Tandy Radio Shack, Inc.
record names you assign or
by searching for any word or
phrase within text records.
• Edit text by duplicating,
moving, clearing, searching
and replacing, deleting, or
reordering entire records of
text or portions of text
records. Print the text record
appearing on the screen to
review before final print.
• Format labels, memos, let-
ters, and other documents
for printing with embeded
printer controls for paging,
skipping lines, and changing
character fonts. Program
controls provide for setting;
right and left margins, lines
per page, page width,
horizontal tabs, and line
spacing. Reuse control set-
tings or change when
desired. Print multiple
copies. Merge text records
to produce a form letter for
an address file.
Enhancements:
• Use 1 or 2 disk drives.
• A separate printer driver for
NEC and OKI DATA printers.
• Page numbering.
• Print page headings.
• Page backwards or for-
wards.
Utilities for Data
Management and
Word Processing
• Generating new files from old
files.
Merging files.
Duplicating files.
Moving data between files.
Summarizing files.
Moving files from diskette to
diskette using a single drive.
Saving files to cassette and
reloading from cassette.
File synchronizing.
Print disk directory
Enhancements:
Rename files.
Extended summarize and
update.
rill
■■■■■■ 1 ¥
■ ■ ■ ■
i , i , . T .'. T . T . , .':* , i
■ 1 ■ ¥
1 F_
■ "■ F ■■ F fc , Ji , ^ , fa'
riariiriirii-faBfafariri
I I I I I I
I I I I ■ ri ri-
V.V+WV.
'.\ V.'. v.\
I I I I I
I 1 1 1 1
ri rii rii 4 fa fa
I I I I I I ri
I I I I I I ri-
ll I I I ri rii
I I I ri ri ri rii
V.V.
WW
+ fa ■ ■ ■
■ ■ 1 ■
+ fa ■ ■ ■
+ + *-■-■-■ I I rri-ri-
■■■1¥"¥FFI"
.■■■.■.■/■FPPIII
■ v*ww
* * -F F I I I
f f ■ ■ n n n
F F
■F F F *
F F F I
F I I
III
fa ■ ■ ■
' / / / ■
distances can be correlated to flight
path and position. If you only want to
practice approaches you may bypass the
station inputs (in which case all entries
for them are "0"), set your airplane at
"0" bearing, "0" miles, "0" heading, fill
up with fuel and go. You can then prac-
tice touch-and-go ILS approaches
without having to set up a more elabo-
rate station network.
As you near touchdown on an ILS
approach, you don't have to be many
feet off the glide path and glide slope for
the indicators to show quite a depar-
ture. This is normal and if you are on
glide path and glide slope you should be
around 200 feet altitude at one mile on
the DME. At this point you are required
to proceed visually. Since we have no
visual, if you proceed on and touch
down at approximately 0.2 DME with
no more than ±2 degrees glide path
error, you may walk away from this
landing.
Although you only have approxi-
mately four hours of fuel, no matter
where you land you can still input the
same station locations and continue on.
The only change would be your aircraft
position if you wanted to continue from
whatever cow pasture you landed in
(and could estimate its bearing and dis-
tance from the original reference point).
If you are looking for a whiz-bang figh-
ter plane with lots of action, then this is
not for you. The CoCo Instrument
Flight Simulator does present many
parameters of flight in a fairly realistic
display. It can present an interesting
challenge in getting from point A to
point B by spacing the navigational aids
sparingly, and by using a wind input.
Just as in flying there are periods where
there won't be much "controlling"to do
if you are going a long distance.
The instruments are not labeled as to function, but their
appearance is close to the real thing and recognition can be
quickly learned.
The program originally went slightly over 16K, but to
make it available to a wider group of users some of the "nice
to have" parts were trimmed (i.e. instrument labels and more
lengthy input prompts). I hope this will satisfy some of the
calls for a CoCo airplane (Scott, are you there?). So file your
flight plan and "Off we go..."
Instrument Flight Simulator runs on a 16K machine;
however, you must execute a CLEAR 100 prior to running.
If you have a 32K machine first type in the Instrument Flight
Simulator program, then type in the supplemental listing.
This listing gives the following improvements: 1) Input
prompts are more descriptive and those stations that already
have inputs are listed. 2) A reminder to retard the throttle
and a short message on the screen during initialization. 3)
Any station for which you have not input coordinates does
not revert to the reference position as in the basic program.
4) The XX. X in the DME box will blink if you select a
station but are out of range; however, it will not blink if you
•WW \w\
".++■■■■■
".++■■■■■
ri rii 4 fa fa fa fa
+ + k k I I .
■ ririririri-fafafafal
Station Positioning #1
Conway, AR
3 ILS
6 TACAN
N
V4" = 1 mile
0 1 ILS
4 TACAN
In this example Little Rock A.F.
Base Is used as the reference
point and aircraft starting point.
Prompts and entries as follows:
Little Rock AF Base
STATION # ? 1
ILS
BEARING ?0
DISTANCE ? 0
RWY HDG ? 246
STATION # ? 4
TACAN
BEARING ?0
DISTANCE ? 0
STATION # ? 2
ILS
BEARING ? 200
DISTANCE ? 14
RWY HDG ? 220
STATION # ? 5
TACAN
BEARING ? 200
DISTANCE ? 14
STATION # ? 3
ILS
BEARING ? 304
DISTANCE? 19
RWY HDG? 15
STATION # ? 6
TACAN
BEARING ? 304
DISTANCE? 19
STATION # ? 0
ACFT BRG ? 0
DISTANCE ?0
HDG ? 246
FUEL ?
WINDDIR?
VEL ?
Adams Field
Little Rock
2 ILS
5 TACAN
Before you make the last
entry, make sure throttle is
pulled back. Initialization will
take about a minute. I did not
input any ADF stations in this
example, however, the ADF and
TACAN stations may be put
anywhere to aid navigation.
k k k " ■ ri ri ri
■ ■■■■■■■■■■■
riri+4fafalllllriri
■ ■■■■■■■■■■■
riri-rii-hfafafafallririri
k k
W
ri ri
ri rii rii fa fa fa I
V*ViV.\"
■ llllri-+fa
fa fa ■ ri ri rii rii -I
ri rii -fa fa fa ■ fa
I I I ri ri ri- rii
I I I I I
■ ■■■■■■■ri
hlllllriri
■ W * -fa ■ ■ ■
■ ri- rii -fa fa ■ ■
ri rii rii rii fa fa fa
h h ■ fa ri ri ri
F ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■
4 I I I I I I
fa ■ ■ ■ ■ ri rii
fa fa ri ri ri
■ ■ ■ ■ ■
■ l-riihllllll
■ rii-fa-faiaaairi
■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ri
■ ■
■ ri
I ■ ■
■ ■
■ ■
fa F
select a station for which you have not input a position.
Supplemental Listing for those with 32K. The following
lines should be added, or altered as indicated, once the 16K
main listing has been typed in. That listing begins on page
60.
30 FOR S=l TO 9:N(S)=0:NEXT
40 SOTO 55
50 GLS:PRINT"YOU have ENTERED CO
ORDINATES FORTHE FOLLOWING STAT I
ONS : "
53 PRINTS*<1> ; : PRINTS* <2> ; : PRINT
S* <3> ; : PRINTS* (4) ; : PRINTS* (5) ; : P
RINTS*(6) ; IPRINTS* (7) ; :PRINTS*(8
) ; : PRINTS* (9)
55 PRINT: INPUT" WHAT STATION NUMB
ER <0-9>";S:lF S>9 THEN 50
70 PRINT: PRINT"STATION";S; "IS AN
I LS " : I NPUT " STAT I ON BEAR I NS ( 0-3
58 the RAINBOW June, 1983
Telewriter-64
the Color Computer Word Processor
3 display formats: 51/64/85
columns x 24 lines
True lower case characters
User- friendly full -screen
editor
Right justification
Easy hyphenation
Drives any printer
Embedded format and
control codes
Runs in 16K, 32K, or 64K
Menu-driven disk and
cassette I/O
No hardware modifications
required
THE ORIGINAL
Simply stated, Telewriter is the most powerful
word processor you can buy for the TRS-80
Color Computer. The original Telewriter has
received rave reviews in every major Color
Computer and TRS-80 magazine, as well as
enthusiastic praise from thousands of satisfied
owners. And rightly so.
The standard Color Computer display of 32
characters by 16 lines without lower case is
simply inadequate for serious word processing.
The checkerboard letters and tiny lines give you
no feel for how your writing looks or reads.
1 elewriter gives the Color Computer a 5 1
column b y 24 line screen display with true
lower case characters. So a Telewriter screen
looks like a printed page, with a good chunk of
text on screen at one time. In fact, more on
screen text than you'd get with Apple II, Atari,
TI, Vic or TRS-80 Model III.
On top of that, the sophisticated Telewriter
full-screen editor is so simple to use, it makes
writing fun. With single-letter mnemonic
commands, and menu-driven I/O and
formatting, Telewriter surpasses all others for
user friendliness and pure power.
Telewriter's chain printing feature means that
the size of your text is never limited by the
amount of memory you have, and Telewriter's
advanced cassette handler gives you a powerful
word processor without the major additional
cost of a disk.
...one of the best programs for the Color
Computer I have seen...
— Color Computer News, Jan. 1982
TELEWRITER-64
But now we've added more power to
Telewriter. Not just bells and whistles, but
major features that give you total control over
your writing. We call this new supercharged
version Telewriter-64. For two reasons.
64K COMPATIBLE
Telewriter-64 runs fully in any Color Computer
— 16K, 32K, or 64K, with or without Extended
Basic, with disk or cassette or both. It
automatically configures itself to take optimum
advantage of all available memory. That means
that when you upgrade your memory, the
Telewriter-64 text buffer grows accordingly. In
a 64K cassette based system, for example, you
get about 40K of memory to store text. So you
don't need disk or FLEX to put all your 64K
to work immediately.
64 COLUMNS (AND 85!)
Besides the original 51 column screen,
lelewriter-64 now gives you 2 additional high-
density displays: 64 x 24 and 85 x 24!! Both
high density modes provide all the standard
Telewriter editing capabilities, and you cah
switch instantly to any of the 3 formats with a
single control key command.
The 51 x 24 display is clear and crisp on the
screen. The two high density modes are more
crowded and less easily readable, but they are
perfect for showing you the exact layout of
your printed page, all on the screen at one
time. Compare this with cumbersome
"windows" that show you only fragments at a
time arid don't even allow editing.
RIGHT JUSTIFICATION &
HYPHENATION
One outstanding advantage of the full-width
screen display is that you can now set the
screen width to match the width of your
printed page, so that "what you see is what
you get." This makes exact alignment of
columns possible and it makes hyphenation
simple.
Since short lines are the reason for the large
spaces often found in standard right justified
text, and since hyphenation is the most
effective way to eliminate short lines,
Telewriter-64 can now promise you some of the
best looking right justification you cah get on
the Color Computer.
FEATURES & SPECIFICATIONS:
Printing and formatting: Drives any printer
(LPVII/VIII, DMP-100/200, Epson, Okidata,
Centronics, NEC, C. Itoh, Smith-Corona,
Terminet, etc).
Embedded control codes give full dynamic access to
intelligent printer features like: underlining,
subscript, superscript, variable font and type size, dot-
graphics, etc.
Dynamic (embedded) format controls for: top,
bottom, and left margins; line length, lines per page,
line spacing, new page, change page numbering,
conditional new page, enable/disable justification.
Menu-driven control of these parameters, as well as:
pause at page bottom, page numbering, baud rate (so
you can run your printer at top speed), and Epson
font. "Typewriter" feature sends typed lines directly
to your printer, and Direct mode sends control codes
right from the keyboard. Special Epson driver
simplifies use with MX-80.
Supports single and multi-line headers and automatic
centering. Print or save all or any section of the text
buffer. Chain print any number of files from cassette
or disk.
File and I/O Features: ASCII format files —
create and edit BASIC, Assembly, Pascal, and C
programs, Smart Terminal files (for uploading or
downloading), even text files from other word
processors. Compatible with spelling checkers (like
Spell "n Fix).
Cassette verify command for sure saves. Cassette auto-
retry means you type a load command only once no
matter where you are in the tape.
Read in, save, partial save, and append files with disk
and/or cassette. For disk: print directory with free
space to screen or printer, kill and rename files, set
default drive. Easily customized to the number of
drives in the system.
Editing features: Fast, full-screen editor with
wordwrap, block copy, block move, block delete, line
delete, global search and replace (or delete)* wild card
search, fast auto-repeat cursor, fast scrolling, cursor
up, down, right, left, begin line, end line, top of text,
bottom of text; page forward, page backward, align
text, tabs, choice of buff or green background,
complete error protection, line counter, word counter,
space left, current file name, default drive in effect,
set line length on screen.
Insert or delete text anywhere on the screen without
changing "modes." This fast "free-form" editor
provides maximum ease of use. Everything you do
appears immediately on the screen in front of you.
Commands require only a single key or a single key
plus CLEAR.
RAINBOW
CERTIFICATION
SEAL
...truly a state o fthe art word processor.,
outstanding in every respect.
— The RAINBOW, Jan. 1982
PROFESSIONAL
WORD PROCESSING
You can no longer afford to be without the
power arid efficiency word processing brings to
everything you write. The TRS-80 Color
Computer is the lowest priced micro with the
capability for serious word processing. And
only Telewriter-64 fully unleashes that
capability.
Telewriter-64 costs $49.95 on cassette, $59.95
on disk, and comes complete with over 70
pages of well-written documentation. (The step-
by-step tutorial will have your writing with
Telewriter-64 in a matter of minutes.)
To order, send check or money order to:
Cognitec
704 Nob Street
Del Mar, CA 92014
Or check your local software store. If you have
questions, or would like to order by Visa or
Mastercard, call us at (619) 755-1258
(weekdays, 8AM-4PM PST). Dealer inquiries
invited.
(Add $2 for shipping. Calif ornians add 6<Fo state tax. Allow 2
weeks for personal checks. Send self-addressed stamped
envelope for Telewriter reviews from GCN, RAINBOW,
80-Micro, 80-U.S. Telewriter owners: send SASE or call for
information on upgrading to Telewriter-64. Telewriter-
compatible spelling checker (Spell 'n Fix) and Smart Terminal
program (Colorcom/E) also available. Call or write for more
information,)
Apple II is a trademark of Apple Computer, Inc.; Atari is a
trademark of Atari, Inc.; TRS-80 is a trademark of Tandy
Corp; MX-80 is a trademark of Epson America, Inc.
60) " I A: A«A/57- 29: INPUT "STAT ION D
ISTANCE (MILES) "ID: D-D»5280:SX (S
)-D«COS(A) :SY(S)-D»SIN<A) : INPUT"
RUNWAY HEADING (0-360) " 1 X : RB (S) -
I NT ( X ) / 57 - 29 : St ( S ) -STR* ( S ) : N ( S ) -
l:BOTO 50
80 PR I NT : PR I NT " ST AT I ON " | S| " I S A
TACAN":BOTO 100 : >>:;>:£:;:£:;
90 PR I NT : PR I NT "STATION" I S| "IS AN
ADF":BOTO 100
100 INPUT "STAT I ON BEARING (0-360 i^SS^
) " I A : A-A/ 57 . 29 : 1 NPUT "STAT I ON D I S ft!:::::::::::::*:
TANCE (MILES) " i D: D«D»5280: SX (S) =
D»cos (A) : sy (S) -d»s I n ( a ) : s* ( s ) -st i*S=:=E=E=E=E===z=:;i=
R$(S) :n(S)-i:goto 50 :^>>>5::5^
110 CLS : PR I NT : I NPUT " A I RCR AFT BEA :;>>;::::::::■:;:>;
RING (0-360) " | A: A- A/57. 29: INPUT" ;:::v:::;:::::"::;:i:
AIRCRAFT DISTANCE (MILES) " I D: D-D
♦5280 : T X -D»cos (A) : TY-D*S I N ( A ) : I N :::i:i:i>:>x:£>
PUT " A I RCR AFT HEAD I NG ( 0-360 ) " I X :
cs-int(X) :Kgg>K
120 I NPUT "GALLONS OF FUEL (MAX 2
4, USES 6 GPH 8 2000 RPM)"|X:IF
X>24 THEN FR-12 ELSE IF X<0 THEN feSi^iS-
FR— 12 ELSE FR-X-12 ^SKS*
130 PRINT: I NPUT "WIND DIRECTION ( IS::;:;:::::::;:::
0-360) " i x: wa— INT(X) +180: input m wi ;!;:S:y:|E$:;:=:
ND VELOC I T Y ( MPH ) " I X : WS- 1 NT ( X ) :o:£>>>>:;:o
1 35 CLS : PR I NT : PR I NT
140 z-joystk (0) : x-joystk ( i ) : if x ;:;>>^:|x^
<63 THEN PRINT864, "PLEASE PULL T
HROTTLE BACK": GOTO 140
145 CLS
150 PR I NT: PR I NT: PR I NT "PLEASE ST A >=:>=:=:=:=E=:"-;=:-E
ND BY. AIRCRAFT IS BEING SERV ^SK:::::!:
ICED. " ^^go:;
1640 IF S-0 OR N(S)-0 THEN GOSUB ::>:x:>::S::i:i
1710 ELSE GOSUB 1810 W£
1710 IF D7=15 AND N(S)=0 THEN RE
TURN ELSE L I NE < 30 , 1 60 > - < S X , S Y > * P
RESE T : DRAW " C0 I BM83 , 1 70 , X A* < D7 > I B ::::::;::':::>::::;:::
M- 1 0 , 0 ; X A* < D6 > I BM-7 , 0 1 X A* < D5 ) 1 C 1
I XA* (15)| BM+7 „ 0 1 X A* ( 1 5 ) I BM+ 10,01
XA*(15) | M : LINE (128,40) -<IX, IY) ,P
RESET : C I RCLE ( 1 62 , 92+GX ) , 1 , 0 , . 1 : D
7-15: D6- 1 5 : D5- 1 5
8025 IF AL<5 THEN AL-0
■ + + + ■
h ■ + * + + *
u m w*ww*m* + *
m m * -P _ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ m. m.
* ¥ ■ ■# * ■ f n ■ ■■ »■
FLIGHT SIMULATOR
The listing:
380
1200
1650
1960
5200
5800
END
041 F
0841
0B67
0FA2
132C
1924
1D47
Conway, AR
Station Positioning #2
V*" = 1 mile
In this example an arbitrary
point was chosen and all loca-
tions referenced to It. Prompts
and entries as follows:
Little Rock
AF Base
1 ILS
4 TACAN
2 ILS
5 TACAN
Adams Field
Little Rock
STATION # ? 1
ILS
BEARING ? 68
DISTANCE ? 14
RWY HDG ? 246
STATION # ? 4
TACAN
BEARING ? 68
DISTANCE? 14
STATION #? 2
ILS
BEARING ? 133
DISTANCE? 11
RWY HDG ? 220
STATION #? 5
TACAN
BEARING ? 133
DISTANCE? 11
STATION #? 3
ILS
BEARING ? 350
DISTANCE? 16.5
RWY HDG ? 15
STATION # ? 6
TACAN
BEARING ? 350
DISTANCE ? 16.5
STATION # ? 0
ACFT BRD ? 68
DISTANCE ? 14
HDG? 246
FUEL?
WINDDIR?
VEL ?
The inputs in this example set
up an identical situation to the
other one.
■:*:-
in*
ri + 4
W
rid*
1+4
4 4 4 11
4 I I I I I
.".V,
I I +
■ F ■
■ F ■■
lit
■F I
4 111-
I -F ■■
III
4 4 1
III
■ I I
4 4 4 4 1
■F --F 4_
■f"4 B -T
1 PR I NT "COPYRIGHT WILLIAM 6. FRA
NKLIN 1982"
50 PRINT: I NPUT "STAT I ON #"|S:IF S
>9 THEN 50
60 ON S+l GOTO 110,70,70,70,80,8
0,80,90,90,90
70 PRINT" ILS": INPUT"BEARIN6"| A: A
- A/57 . 29 : I NPUT " D I STANCE "|D: D-D*5
280: SX (S) -D*COS (A) : SY <S )-D»SIN < A
) : INPUT"RWY HDG"! X:RB(S)-INT(X) /
57. 29: GOTO 50
80 PR I NT " TACAN " : GOTO 100
90 PR I NT "ADF": GOTO 100
100 INPUT"BEARIN6"} A: A-A/S7.29: I
NPUT "DISTANCE" I D: D-D* 5280: SX <S> «
D*COS<A) :SY<S)-D»SIN(A) :GOTO 50
110 I NPUT "ACFT BRG"|A:A-A/57.29:
I NPUT " D I STANCE " I D : D«D*3280 : T X-D*
COS <A) : TY-D*SIN (A) : INPUT"HDG" ; x:
CS-INT(X)
120 INPUT"FUEL"|X:IF X>24 THEN X
=24 ELSE IF X<0 THEN X-0 ELSE FR
-X-12
130 INPUT"WIND DIR. "|X:WA-INT(X>
+180: INPUT"VEL"|X:WS-INT(X)
170 DIMA*(15):F0R X-0 to 15: read
A* (X): NEXT X
210 PH0DE4 , 1 : PCLS0 : SOSUB5000
300 Q7-i:Q6-i:Q5-i:Q8-.01:h-0:al
*0: C7-9: C6-9: C5-9: lr-40: pi-1 : TIM
ER-0
320 H-T I MER : T I MER-0 : TH-TH+H
330 Z-JOYSTK < 0 ) : R-63- JOYSTK ( 1 ) : B
-JOYSTK (2) -31 : EP- (JOYSTK (3) -31 ) /
60 the RAINBOW June, 1983
0
m
0
£1Vf)IC0TT SOfW&fiE
JOYSTICKS
DEALER & CLUB INQUIRIES INVITED
0
o7
AFFORDABLE
ONLY
$19.95
TWO FOR
$37.95
■ v ^
RAINBOW
CERTIFICATION
SEAL
"...provided the best feel
of all the joysticks tested.
...(a) rugged unit at an
affordable price."
- 80 MICRO, March 1983
"In use, we found the
ENDICOTT JOYSTICK to
be smooth and respon-
sive."
- the RAINBOW,
October 1982
Tired of broken joysticks? We offer an affordable joystick based on proven components. Each unit is hand assembled and
checked to ensure reliability. The handles and internal mechanism have proven to be extremely rugged and reliable under
extensive use with arcade-type games. The pots function smoothly to provide excellent cursor/cnaracter control. Get
your joystick programs working the way they should! Our joysticks are backed by a 90 day warranty on material and labor.
EXCELLENT PROGRAMS FROM LEADING SOFTWARE HOUSES
PRICKLY-PEAR SOFTWARE ^
15% OFF
* FLIGHT Realistic flight simulator
^ 8-BIT BARTENDER Party fun 100 + recipes.
VIKING Go from peasant to King!
*GANGBUSTERS Lead a life of crime and win!
PANDORA'S BOX
Includes: "pac" game, "defender-type"
game, Divebomb, Blockade, slot
machine, and Squares (like cube).
*PREREAD I, II, & III (Three tapes!
Prepare your preschooler to learn td
*PHONICS I
1 tutorial tape, 1 quiz tape. These begin the
learning to read process.
*PHONICS II
Advancement from PHONICS I
read
$16.95
$16.95
$16.95
$16.95
$21.20
$24*95" $21.20
$24*95" $21.20
$2A&* $21.20
PETROCCI FREELANCE ASSOCIATES
* INSPECTOR CLUESEAU Find the murderer in this
excellent graphic adaptation of Clue.
*STAGECOACH Graphic Adventure
*STRESS EVALUATOR Measure and Manage your stress
$19.95
$19.95
$24.95
TOM MIX
15% OFF Until June 7
* SPACE SHUTTLE Control the Space Shuttle $2&9S
* DONKEY KING 4 Screens Full action! $2&£fr
* COLOR GOLF Challenging! Uses full set of clubs.
TRAP FALL Many "Pitfalls" here! $22*95
* ESCAPE FROM SPECTRE Graphic Spy Adv.
* KATERPILLAR ATTACK Look out for spiders! $2^05
*MOON LANDER 2 games in 1 $XZJ&r
TAPE DUPE Copies any ML tape. $1&05-
DISK TO TAPE Dump most disks to tape $1^05"
TAPE TO DISK Load most tapes to disk $Ji8S~
*SPELLING TEST Provides a standard oral quiz. $1A9S'
MARK DATA PRODUCTS
SPACE RAIDERS Not just another Invaders game.
CAVE HUNTER Grab the treasure and outrun
the creatures.
HAYWIRE Will drive you BERZERK!
0%
$24.60 J —
$22.90 2l2
$15.25 /j^t
$23.75 ~~
$15.25
$18.65
$15.25
$14.40
$15.25
$15.25
$16.95
$24.95 ^
$24.95^^
$24.95
ARIZIN
COLORKIT Full of powerful software development tools, $29.95
aids, bells and whistles.
$13.95
SPECTRAL ASSOCIATES
GALAX ATTAX Excellent Galaxian $21.95
SPACE RACE Excellent Omega Race $21.95
PLANET INVASION Quick action Defender $21.95
*SPACE TRADERS Buy stock in universe companies to $14.95
become the richest. Like Acquire.
COMPUVOICE A phoneme speech generation program $34.95
COLORSOFT
*MATH DERBY Fun while learning!
ANTECO SOFTWARE
INTERGALACTIC FORCE Experience trench warfare in
your X-Wing fighter.
* HOUSEHOLD EXPENSE MANAGER Menu driven with
30 household catagories. Screen or printer output.
*STOCK ANALYZER AND TREND Track your stocks.
Disk compatible. Optional printer output.
COGNITEC
TELEWRITER 64 (For 16, 32, or 64K) $49.95
THE word processor for the CoCo
$24.95
$19.95
$21.95
COMPUTERWARE
MEGAPEDE Most challenging version yet
SHARK TREASURE Don't get eaten!
SPACE AMBUSH Action like Galaxian.
DOODLE BUG Like Ladybug
RAIL RUNNER Dodge trains and handcars
PAC ATTACK II Great gobbler. New graphics.
STORM A real Tempest!
COLOR INVADERS Like the original
$21.95
$21.95
$21.95
$24.95
$21.95
$24.95
$24.95 2^
$19.95 ^
Requires 16K Ext. Basic Minimum, if Requires 32K Ext. Basic Minimum.
Others 16K Std. Basic Minimum.
ADDITIONAL LISTINGS IN OUR FREE CATALOG. CALL OR WRITE.
SHIPPING: U.S.A., CANADA AND MEXICO
WE PAY POSTAGE on all software orders. Add $2.00 for shipping joysticks
(unless purchased with software - then we'll pay). Please add $2.00 for C.O.D.
orders (available in U.S.A. only). Allow 2 weeks for personal checks to clear.
SHIPPING: ALL OTHER COUNTRIES
Add $2.00 for each software item. Add $3.00 for each Joystick. Items will be
shipped air mail.
ALL PAYMENTS MUST BE IN U.S. FUNDS.
ENDICOTT SOFTWARE
P.O. Box 12543, Huntsville, AL 35802
(205)881-0506
PHONE OPEN 7 DAYS A WEEK!
VISA
f ' 1
188
340 IF BOB1 OR EP< >PE THEN GOSU
B 8000
360 IF AL>0 OR R>12 THEN R=1260+
R*20 ELSE R=R*116
365 IF FR=-12 AND AL>0 THEN R=70
0 ELSE IF FR=-12 AND AL=0 THEN R
=0
367 IF RK30 THEN R1=0
370 R=Rl+( <R-R1>*.6> :R1=R: X=30+(
SIN(R/636.6)*15) : Y=100- (COS (R/63
6.6)*15) : LINE (30, 100) - (RX , RY) , PR
ESET:LINE(30, 100) -(X, Y> , PSET:RX=
X : RY=Y
380 AP=(SIN(6*( (R-2000)/4488)+.5
7)-. 54)/6
390 AS=(R*(1-AP)*(1-EP) )/16.66:A
S=Al + ( (AS-AD*. 1) : IF AS<10 THEN
AS=0
400 X=30+(SIN(AS/39.46)*15) : Y=40
- (COS (AS/39. 46) *15) : LINE (30,40) -
(ax , ay) , preset: line (30, 40) - (x , y)
, pset: ax=x : ay=y: ai=as
405 IF AS<50 THEN EP=-1
410 IF SSN(W)=-1 THEN W= ( (AP+E
P)*AS)/15 ELSE W=(1-AL/ 10000) *(
(AP+EP)*AS)/15
420 IF AL=0 AND SSN(W)=-1 THEN
W=0
WLS NEST
SOFTWARE
' WE GIVE A HOOT '
16K EXTENDED BASIC UNLESS NOTED.
LABEL III — develop and maintain a mailing list-
Print lists or labels in your choice of 1 , 2, or 3 wide.
Supports 3 or 4 line addresses phone optional
$19.95
PROGRAM FILE — organize your cassette files.
Create and maintain a four field file. Search, sort,
modify, delete, and display on screen or printer.
$14 95
DISASSEMBLER - ASSEMBLER (by Dynamic
Electronics) Designed torthe beginner who wants to
learn to write machine language programs
(EXTENDED BASIC NOT REQUIRED)
$19.95
CASSETTE TAPES C-05
$7.50 • Dozen $9.50 • DOZEN WITH BOXES
PLEASE ADD $1.50 PER DOZEN
SHIPPING HANDLING
OWLS NEST SOFTWARE
P. O BOX 579
OOLTEWAH, TN 37363
430 Vl=V5+( (W-V5)*.3) : X=224-(C0
S(V1)*15) : Y=100-(SIN(V1)*15) :LIN
E(224, 100)-(VX,VY) , PRESET: LINE (2
24, 100) -(X, Y) ,PSET: VX=X: VY=Y: V5=
VI
440 Z=JOYSTK(0) :B=J0YSTK(2)-31:E
P=(JOYSTK(3)-31)/188:P=INT(100*(
EP+ (SIN (6*AP— . 57) +. 54) /6) ) : IF B<
>B1 OR EPOPE OR POP1 THEN GOSU
B 8000
450 AL=AL+(W*H)/4.6: IF AL<=0 TH
EN AL=0
460 X=224+(SIN(AL/159)*15) :Y=40-
(cos ( al/159) *15) : line (224, 40) - (l
x,ly) , preset: line (224, 40) -(x,y) ,
pset:lx=x:ly=y
470 X=224+(SIN(AL/1592)*8) : Y=40-
(COS (AL/ 1592) *8) : LINE (224, 40)- (L
1,l2) , preset: line (224, 40)- (x,y) ,
pset:li=x:L2=y
560 fr=fr-( (r*h) /72000000) : if fr
=<-12 THEN FR=-12
570 X=224+SIN(FR/25.2)*26: Y=180-
COS (FR/25. 2) *26: LINE (224, 180) - (F
x, fy) , preset: line (224, 180)-(x,y)
,pset:fx=x:fy=y
580 Z=JOYSTK(0) :B=J0YSTK(2)-31:E
P= ( J OYSTK ( 3 ) —3 1 ) / 1 88 : I F BOB1 OR
EPOPE THEN SOSUB 8000
1190 IF AS<=0 THEN 1310
1200 BC=-10* (COS ( (B/31) +1.570796
3) ) :CS=CS+BC: IF CS>360 THEN CS=C
S-360 ELSE IF CS<=0 THEN CS=CS+3
60
1310 C=INT (CS+. 5) : IF C=C1 THEN 1
350 ELSE C2=INT(C/100) :C3=INT(C/
10) - ( 10*C2) : C4=C- ( 100*C2) - ( 10*C3
) : C1=C: DRAWC0; BM134, 23; XA* (C7) ;
ci;xa*(C4) ; ":C7=C4
1320 IF C3=C6 THEN 1350 ELSE DRA
W"C0;BM126,23; XA* (C6) 5 CI ; XA* (C3)
; " : C6=C3
1330 IF C2=C5 THEN 1350 ELSE DRA
W"C0;BM118,23; XA*(C5) ;Cl; XA*(C2)
; " : C5=C2
1350 X=30+SIN(C/57.2)*10: Y=160-C
OS(C/57.2)*10:CIRCLE(CX,CY) , 1,0:
CIRCLE (X,Y) , 1, i:cx=x:cy=y
1360 Z=JOYSTK(0) :B=J0YSTK(2)-31:
EP= ( J OYSTK ( 3 ) -3 1 ) / 1 88 : I F BOB1 O
R EPOPE THEN SOSUB 8000
1510 IF AS=0 THEN 1610 ELSE CD=(
AS*5.28*H) /216: A=CS/57.29: X=CD*C
OS (A) : Y=CD*SIN(A) : TX=TX+X : TY=TY+
Y
1520 IF AL=0 OR WS=0 THEN 1610 E
LSE WD=(WS*5.28*H) /216: A=WA/57.2
9: X=WD*COS (A) : Y=WD*SIN (A) : TX=TX+
X : TY=TY+Y
62 the RAINBOW June, 1983
GIVE YOUR CHILD
AN UNFAIR
ADVANTAGE
IN MATH
Help your child gain an advan-
tage by using one of our
classroom-tested programs in
number concepts, addition,
subtraction, multiplication,
division, fractions, decimals &
percent, pre-algebra, or one of
the 15 math games that teach.
For students in grades K through 9, on tape or disk. For
TDP and TRS-80 32K Color Computers with extended
basic. These professional-quality programs use high res-
olution graphics with text and sound. They have
been written by experienced teachers, tested and re-
vised to provide high-quality and highly motivating
instruction. And while you are asking, ask to see
our reading and language programs as well.
ASK FOR MICRO SCHOOL
PROGRAMS BY NAME at your
local computer store.
Wn nir
i
BERTAMAX INC.
Max Jerman. Ph.D..
President
BERTAMAX INC
PERSONALIZED INSTRUCTION ON PERSONAL COMPUTERS
© 1982 Bcrtamax. Inc. • if] NJckerson St.. *202 • SeaUJe, WA 98109 • (206)282^6249
1610 S*=INKEY*:IF S*= ,,M THEN 164
0
1620 X=VAL<S*> : IF X>10 THEN 1640
ELSE GOSUB 1710
1630 DRAW "C0;BM 126, 170; XA* <S> ; CI
;xa*(X); ":s=x
1640 IF S=0 THEN GOSUB 1710 ELSE
GOSUB 1810
1645 Z=JOYSTK<0) :B=J0YSTK<2)-31:
EP= (JOYSTK (3) — 31 > / 188: IF BOB1 0
R EPOPE THEN GOSUB 8000
1650 GOTO 2100
1710 if d7=15 and s<7 then retur
n else line (30, 160>-(sx,sy) , pres
et:draw m C0;bm83, 170; xa*(D7) ;bm-i
0, 0; xa* (d6) ; bm-7 ,0; xa* (d5) ; ci ; xa
* ( 15) ; bm+7, 0; xa* ( 15) ; bm+10, 0; xa*
(15) ; ": line (128, 40) -(ix, iy) , pres
ETC CIRCLE ( 162, 92+GX) , 1,0, . l:D7=l
5:D6=15:D5=15
1720 IF PP0INT(38, 17) =0 THEN GOS
UB 5000
1730 screen 1,0: return
1810 bx=sx (S)-tx:by=sy(S)-ty:sd=
sqr(bx~2+by a 2)
1811 if bx=0 then bx=.001
1812 if by=0 then by=.001
1820 x=by/bx:if bx<0 then 1830 e
lse sb=atn ( x ) : goto 1835
1830 SB=ATN(X)-3. 1416
1835 X=INT( (S/3)+.9) :0N X GOTO 1
839, 1939,2039
1839 IF SD/5280M0 THEN 1710
1 840 C A=SB- ( RB ( S ) - 1 . 5708 ) : DB=COS
(CA):IF ABS (DB) >. 2588 THEN 1710
ELSE IF DB>.0523 THEN DB=.0523 E
LSE IF DB<-.0523 THEN DB=-.0523
1 850 X= 1 28-S I N ( DB*20 ) * 1 5 : Y=40+CO
S (DB*20) *15: LINE ( 128, 40) - ( IX, IY)
, PRESET: LINE ( 128, 40) - ( X , Y) , PSET:
ix=x: IY=Y
1860 X=( (AL/ (SD-1000) )-. 04366) *1
000: IF X>18 THEN X=18 ELSE IF X<
-18 THEN X=-18
1870 CIRCLE ( 162, 92+GX) , 1,0, . l:CI
RCLE(162,92+X) , 1 , 1 , . 1 : GX=X:GOTO
1940
1939 IF SD/528>999 THEN 1710
1940 X=30+SIN(SB)*15: Y=160-COS(S
B)*15:LINE(30, 160)-(SX,SY) ,PRESE
t:line(30, 160)-(X, y) ,pset:sx=x:s
Y=Y
1950 SD=INT (SD/528) : IF SD=D1 THE
N RETURN ELSE D2=INT (SD/ 100) : D3=
INT (SD/ 10) - ( 10*D2) : D4=SD- ( 100*D2
)-(i0*D3) :di=sd:draw"C0;bm83, 170
;xa*(D7) ;ci;xa*(D4) ; ":D7=D4
1960 IF D3=D6 THEN RETURN ELSE D
RAWC0; BM-10, 0; XA* (D6) ; CI ; XA* (D3
) ; " : D6=D3
1970 IF D2=D5 THEN RETURN ELSE D
RAW"C0; BM-7, 0; XA* (D5) ; CI ; XA* (D2)
; ":D5=D2: RETURN
2039 IF SD/528M999 THEN 1710
2040 X=30+SIN(SB)*15: Y=160-COS(S
B)*15:LINE(30, 160)-(SX,SY) ,PRESE
t:line(30, 160) -( x, Y) , pset: sx=x:s
Y=Y : RETURN
2100 Q1=INT (TH/3600) : IF Q1=Q8 TH
EN 320 ELSE Q2=INT (TH/216000) : Q3
=INT (TH/36000) - (6*Q2) : Q4=Q1- ( 10*
Q3) - (60*Q2) : Q8=Q1 : DRAWC0; BM184,
170; xa* (Q7) ; ci ; xa* (Q4) ; " : Q7=Q4
2130 IF Q3=Q6 THEN 320 ELSE DRAW
"C0;BM-7,0;XA*(Q6) ;C1;XA*(Q3) ;":
Q6=Q3
2140 IF Q2=Q5 THEN 320 ELSE DRAW
"C0; bm-10, 0; xa* (Q5) ; ci ;xa*(Q2) ;"
:Q5=Q2:G0T0 320
5000 FOR X=30 TO 224 STEP 194:F0
R Y=40 TO 160 STEP 60: CIRCLE (X , Y
) ,25, l: NEXT y:next X
5010 CIRCLE (128, 92) ,55, 1
5020 LINE (84, 92) -(88, 92) , PSET: FO
R X=74 TO 110 STEP 6: LINE (86, X ) -
(88, X) , PSET: NEXT X
5030 LINE (168, 92) -(172, 92) , PSET:
FOR X=74 TO 110 STEP 9: LINE (168,
ik
16K EXT. COLOR BASIC 8c
PRINTER REQUIRED
WORD SEARCH PUZZLE MAKER
STANDARD
DEFINITIONS
WIDE
BIG LETTERS
ShaurocK
M LW&T6 SEQUENCE DRILL
I43B2 NORTON ROAD
iDNDR OHIO 43066 OHIO RES. ADD 5.5X SALES TAX
*6. 99
•6. 99
•6.99
•6.99
•6.99
614-494-2277
MATH WORKSHEET— QU I Z
WHOLE NUMBERS *6
FRACTIONS *6
DECIMALS »6
PERCENT8 »6
LENGTH *6
AREA »6
VOLUME *6
CAPACITY *6
WEIGHT *6
TIME »6
*6
MAKER I
99
99
99
99
99
99
99
99
99
99
99
ANY 3 10X OFF ANY 9 1SX OFF ANY 8 201 OFF ANY 10 23X OFF
64 the RAINBOW June, 1983
NOW THERE ARE TWO TOOLKITS FOR THE COLOR COMPUTER
The software development tools that let you put even more power into the already
powerful Color Computer. They're full of tools, aids, bells and whistles useful to the BASIC
or MACHINE LANGUAGE programmer, in friendly, easy-to-use software packages.
BOTH TOOLKITS CONTAIN . . .
• Light characters on daric background with Current Line Highlighting; or normal characters
• Full Screen Editor with Arrow Key controlled cursor; open up space/delete and close up space
• Enabling selective Line Renumber/copy/move/merge; or normal Extended Basic line editor
• Protect the current BASIC program from being wiped out with a CLOAD, NEW etc.; or from being LISTed
• Restore a protected BASIC program/Append any number of BASIC programs together easily
• Tone on keypress or normal silent keys (Tone modifiable by use of Sound an Command)
• Global Search of command or text strings in BASIC programs With wildcard character and next
• 9 Screen Print Delays with keyboard override (for slow, readable LISTings and DISK DIRectories)
• Variable Name List/String-Byte memory usage/Range of FREE MEM/Top of memory address display
• Fast Machine Code to BASIC DATA converter for storing machine code visibly in BASIC
• (C)SAVEM address/ Backup Tool (Last file name, start end and execute address)
• Recovery of Lost BASIC programs after NEW, BACKUP, DSKINI, etc.
• Break Key Disable/Enable (Pause keys still available)
• Modified TRON display (IN replaces (LN)
THE FULL TOOLKIT ALSO CONTAINS . . .
□ Merge BASIC with Machine Code routines so machine code is "invisible" and (C)SAVE/(C)LOADable
□ 9 BASIC RUN delays with keyboard override; Single Step(s) mode with current line number display
n Memory Examine/Modify with HEX/ASCII/DEC/Double Decimal output and HEX/ASCII input
□ Memory Block Move for relocating machine code programs, DATA blocks, etc.; or the Kit itself
□ Ten User Defined Function Keys accessable with @/ number (BASIC Macros/Block storage)
□ Automatic linefeed for printers that don't/double space LISTings; or normal PRINT
□ Delete all spaces (not in PRINT strings, DATA or REMARK lines)
□ ASCII/HEX memory Dumps to screen or printer
□ Delete all REMarks (either REM or ' type)
□ Parallel ECHO of screen output to printer
THESE FEATURES ARE FOUND ON BOTH VERSIONS . . .
— Transparent to the user. Install it and forget it until you need it
— BASIC runs up to one-third faster through the Toolkit (5-10% typical)
— HELP command lists all Kit commands and current Kit address
— Same program works with tape or disk and in 16 or 32K
— Entire system totally removable at any time
— Compatible with other utility programs
— Green/Orange text screen capability
— Easily modifiable command syntax
The Kits are relocatable programs that load any time without bothering your BASIC program or variables or top of
memory address. All tools may be turned on or Off at will, including the kit itself.
The tools are available with simple three or four letter commands entered in the direct mode, with the entire instruction
set viewable through the HELP command.
The Colorkit is 5K bytes for $29.95 rainbow The Microkit is 2.5K bytes for $27.95
Available on disk with handy BASIC Kit loader for additional $5 c ° n Ei m Manual available separately for $5
THE GOOD LIFE
$16.95 THE DISK COMMANDER
$19.95 DEER HUNT
The Classic Game of Life With:
• 64x64 color symmetrical display
• 3 Selectable birth and old age colors
• 15 modifiable pre-programmed
patterns
• Save/Load life screens to tape/disk
• Speeds from 8 gen/sec to 1 a second
• Joystick or arrow key input
• Written in user-modifiable BASIC
• With machine code LIFE processor
• Help screen command list
• Tape/Disk compatible
• Selectable color sets
• Y&X axis wraparound
$15.95
Disk File Utility with:
• One key vlew/copy/load(m) of flies
• Two key kill/rename of flies
• Sort directory on name/extension
• Pack directory so new files put at end
• Directory keyword search of filename
• Print DIR with machine code address
• Recover killed flies
• Arcade shooKem-up skill game
• Aim only for the deer
• Avoid hitting people, cars, train
• Will not cause tension headache
• BASIC/machine code hybrid
• Tape/Disk compatible
ARIZIN
P. O. Box 8825
Scottsdale, AZ 85252
X)-( 170, X)»PSET: NEXT X
5040 FOR 2=1 TO 3:B0SUB 5060: NEX
T Z
5050 FOR Z=5 TO 7:G0SUB 5060: NEX
T Z:60T0 5100
5060 X=SIN< <6.2832/10)»Z) : Y=COS(
(6. 2832/10) *Z)
5070 XA=30+(20*X) : XB=30+(24*X) : Y
A=40- (20*Y) : YB=40- (24*Y)
5080 LINE (XA, YA) -<XB, YB) , PSET: RE
TURN
5100 DRAW " BM28 , 24 ; XA* (0) ; BM39, 58
;xa*(1) ;BM10,36;xa*(2) ; "
5200 FOR Z=l TO 9 STEP 2
5210 X=SIN( <6.2832/10)*Z) : Y=COS(
(6. 2832/ 10) »Z)
5220 X A-224+ ( 20* X ) : X B=224+ ( 24*X )
: YA=40- ( 20*Y ) : YB=40- ( 24* Y )
5230 LINE (XA, YA) — ( XB, YB) , PSET: NE
XT Z
5250 DRAW " BM222 , 24 ; X A* ( 0 ) 5 BM239 ,
36; XA* (2) ; BM233, 58; XA* (4) ; BM210,
58; XA* (6) ; BM204, 36; XA* (8) ; "
5300 FOR Z=2 TO 8 STEP 2:X=C0S(<
6. 2832/10) *Z> : Y=SIN< (6.2832/10)*
Z)
5320 XA=224+ <20*X ) : XB=224+ (24*X )
:YA=100+(20*Y) : YB=100+(24*Y)
5330 LINE < XA, YA)-(XB,YB) , PSET: NE
XT Z
5340 DRAW"BM237, 1 13; XA* (2) ; BM215
, 121 ; XA* ( 1 ) ; BM203, 102; XA* (0) ; BM2
15,85; XA* ( 1 ) ; BM237, 92; XA* (2) ; "
5350 LINE (114, 15) -(142, 25) , PSET,
B:CIRCLE(128, 19) , 18, 1
5400 FOR Z=l TO 5 STEP 2
5410 X=SIN( (6. 2832/8) *Z) :Y=COS( (
6. 2832/8) *Z)
5420 X A=30+ ( 20*X ) : XB=30+ ( 24*X ) : Y
A= 1 00- ( 20* Y ) : YB= 1 00- ( 24* Y )
5430 LINE (XA, YA) -(XB, YB) , PSET: NE
XT Z
5450 DRAW " BM28 , 84 ; X A* ( 0 ) ; BM47 , 1 0
3; XA* ( 1 ) ; BM28, 122; XA* (2) ; BM9, 103
; xa*(3) ; "
FOR Z=2 TO 11 STEP 3:B0SUB
10: NEXT
5505 FOR Z=l TO 10 STEP 3:G0SUB
5510: NEXT: GOTO 5540
5510 X=SIN( (6. 2832/12) *Z) : Y=COS(
(6.2832/12)*Z)
5520 XA=30+(20*X) : XB=30+(24*X) : Y
A= 1 60- ( 20* Y ) : YB= 1 60- ( 24* Y )
5530 LINE ( XA, YA)-(XB,YB) , PSET: RE
TURN
5540 DRAW" BM28, 144; XA* ( 12) ; BM47,
163; XA*(10) ;BM28, 182; XA*(13) ;BM9
, 163;xa*(14) ; "
5600 FOR Z=-l TO 1
5610 X-SIN( (6. 2862/24) *Z) : Y=COS (
(6. 2862/24) *Z)
5620 XA=224+ ( 30*X ) : XB=224+ ( 33*X )
: Y A= 1 80- ( 30*Y ) : YB= 1 80- ( 33* Y )
5630 LINE (XA, YA)-(XB,YB) , PSET: NE
XT
5650 DRAW " BM206 , 1 54 ; X A* ( 1 0 ) ; BM23
8, 154; XA*(11) ; "
5660 CIRCLE ( 128, 0) , 140, 1, 1, .23, .
5670 DRAW"BM128, 135; ND5; BM+12, 0;
nd3; bm+12, 0; nd2; bm-36, 0; nd3; bm-1
2,0;d2; "
5680 LINE(62,161)-(9l,172),PSET,
B: LINE (163, 161) -(192, 172) , PSET, B
:LINE(122, 161)-(134, 172) , PSET, B:
DRAW " BM80 , 169; Ul ; BM+94, 0; N; Dl ; BU
2;ui; "
5705 FOR Z=-3 TO 3: A=Z/57. 29: X=S
IN(A*20) : Y=COS(A*20) : XA=128-(19*
X) :XB=128-(21*X) : YA=40+(19*Y) :yb
=40+(21*Y)
5710 LINE ( XA, YA)-(XB,YB) , PSET: NE
XT
5800 DRAW" BM126, 170; XA* (S) 5 "
5900 RETURN
7000 data bui;U4;ei;r2;fi;n;g4;d
4; 61 ; L2 ; Hi ; bdi , BU6; BR2; n; bi ; D6; r
l ; L2; BLi , BUS; El ; R2; Fl ; Dl ; 81 ; Ll ; 8
Datacomp Computer Systems, 35 Farmstead Road, Short Hills, NJ 07078 (201) 376-6093
Call or write to order. Phones are answered 24 Hrs./day, 7 days/week.
TDP-100, 16 Kfrom $269
1 00% TRS-80 Color Computer
compatible. Comes with a pair
of Joysticks and a rompack.
C. ItOH Prowriter8510
parallel printer. ^ 20 CPS
3K buffer, hi-res graphics
1 year warranty $395
Color Computer parallel
printer interface $69
TRS-80 Color Computer
(TDP) Disk Drives
Drive 0 $415
Drive 1 $245
Wabash Diskettes. 1 year
warranty. Certified 100%
error free, w/hub rings. !'
SS/SD $17.50/box of 10
SS/DD $19.95/box of 10
NEW! PLANET FURY
by DCS Software. 32K ext. basic
req'd. Just like Gravitar in the
arcade. Hi-res graphics, 6 colors,
sound. Only $1 9.95 cassette.
We carry ALL Color Computer
software including Tom Mix, Spectral,
Med Systems, Computer Ware, Datasoft
Intracolor, and more. Up to 25%
discount. Call for more info!
All equipment carries manufacturers
warranty. Prices do not include shipping.
66 the RAINBOW June, 1983
WE DO BASIC BETTER!
Experience High Resolution Graphics
and Speed Unsurpassed in Color
Computer Extended Basic Software
GALLOPING
GAMBLERS
Those who have tried It agree that QALLOPINQ
QAMBLERS}* so addictive, so exciting, that you and
your whole family will sit cheering for your horse to
win.
No Joysticks are required for this 4 player game. Place
your beta on the variable odds and then wait for the
sound of post tlme...and ...they're off.
Game Includes color graphics with score and birds-
eye view of the race track. Can you last all twelve
races?
We dare you to try. ,
$18.95
GATOR ZONE-
Is the first video computer game that takea a "byte"
out of the Preppy craaal You can finally get even with
those peaty ivy League snobs by blasting away at a
host of Preppy Gators on their home planet of "Prep-
tune". You have to be quick, or the gators will gob-
ble up your shlrtsl This la comic arcade fun at Its best,
includes high-resolution graphics, on-screen scoring,
joystick action, and three levels of play.
An 1MB original I
$18.95
STAR SIEGE PLUS-
Dlacuated with Space Battle games in which your
space craft looks like an asterisk?
STARSIEQE lets you and your friend (or enemy) pilot
two high resolution space ships while trading iaeer
blasts. The first to take ten hits loses, but watch out
for that peaty alien aaucerl He wants to see to It that
you both get vaporized.
Also Includes two player TANK TORCHER game.
$18.95
METEOR STORM-
If you are bored with apace obstacle games that place
you aa a distant observer from a point far off in apace,
then METEOR STORM le for you. Enjoy the thrill of
blasting the approaching meteors from the cockpit
of your own spacecraft. Watch the meteors grow in
size until. . . I
16K Color Extended Required, includes sound
enhanced laser blasts, multi game sooring, and three
levels of play.
$12.95
SELECT-A-GAME-
combinesS of IMB's finest bonus gsmes in one sim-
ple loadl You can switch back and forth from "ALPINE
ALIENS", "OH, GOBI", and "ZELDA'S BAT BOTTLE".
All contain stunning color graphics snd high speed
sction. Even If you already own one or more of these
gsmes, you will wsnt this fine package.
$18.95
MICRO-MATH
SKILLS QUIZ-
Is a fine math drill for students at or below the 3rd
grade math level. Includes sutomatlc grade tally, and
I.NKEY entry with large print, high-resolution graphics,
this is s must for educators I
$12.95
CREATAVADER-
Now you csn dsslgn your own "Invader-style" game
for your Color Computer. Includes sll the routines
needed for customizing the crestures you hste the
most. Full Instructions Included. Crests your own
tsrgets or select from s menu of seven predesigned
four color tsrgets.
$18.95
COLOR
WORDCLONE-
Tum your Color Computer Into s supertypewrlter.
Screen displays 50 characters by 23 lines In rssl up-
per snd lowercase. User modifiable. Remove our
character generator and use It In your own basic pro-
gram. This Is sn easy to uss word processor. The
character generator alone Is worth the price of the
tspe. Works with tspe or disk.
$18.95
KOSMIC KAMIKAZE-
Our best selling high-resolution, deep specs srcade
game which the RAINBOW called "...the best
spsceshlp grsphlcs we hsve seen In s non-machine
language program." Battle high speed alien saucers,
decoy ships, bonus killer crafts and speeding comets.
ADVANCED
STAR*TRENCH
WARFARE-
This High Resolution Color Game has the moat
elaborate graphics of any Color Computer Game
created to date. You'll be amazed by the remarkable
speed and flicker-free animation found in this graphic
spsce challenge. Program Includes a moving trench,
cockpit perspective, on-screen rapid scoring, energy
and ship gauges, sutomatlc high score tally, joystick
control, and a recharge and crash sequence you'll
have to see to believe. Use your own 3-D glasses and
add an amazing sense of depth to this clsssic game.
Truly a must for every Color Computer.
$18.95
STARBASE ATTACK-
Why be a loser? Here's an arcade game you can play
to win. in other space city defenee games you play
until you loss. STARBASE ATTACK Is totally different.
Your mission Is to clear a path for the escape vehicles
which will carry your people toaafety. Not only that,
but you must also maneuver your own escape before
alien warheads or a wave of killer asteroids level your
dome-covered cities. You control high energy iaeer
blasts snd expansion shields, but watch outl You
might end up the one who doesn't escape.
$18.95
$12.95
SUPER DISC WITH ALL 11 PROGRAMS
A VALUE OF $171.50 JUST $59.95 POST. PAID.
ILLUSTRATED MEMORY BANKS
P O BOX 289
WILLIAMSTOWN, MA 01267
VISA AND MASTERCARD ACCEPTED •
CALL (413) 663-9648 3-7 PM. EST.
RAINBOW
t:tp*1 if UATitm
it
MENTION THE RAINBOW AND SELECT ONE FREE PROGRAM FOR
EVERY TWO $18.95 PROGRAMS YOU ORDER.
4
2;di;n;R4,bu5;ei;R2;fi;di;gi;n;l
i;fi;di;gi;l2;hi;bdi,bu2;n;r4;ui
;E3;D6;BL3
7010 data bu6;n;R4;D3;ei;R2;fi;d
2; si ; L2; hi ; bdi , BU6; BR2; n; R2; G2; d
3;U2;r3;fi;di;gi;l2;hi;boi,bu6;r
4;di;G3;D2;bli,bui;ui;ei;n;ri;hi
; ui ; ei ; R2; fi ; di ; gi ; n; li ; fi ; di ; gi
;l2;hi;boi, bu4;n;fi;ui;ei;r2;fi;
D2;n;L3;di;G2;L2
7020 data U6;R4;bd3;bli;L3;D3;n;
R4,U6;R4;bd3;bli;L3;D3,U6;di;F4;
n; us; di ; BL4, bus; BR4; hi ; L2; Gi ; di ;
fi ; R2; fi ; di ; Gi ; L2; hi ; bdi , n; U6; E2
; n; Ul ; F2 ; N ; U6 ; BL4 , BU6 ; Dl ; F2; E2; N
;ui;bd4;n;di;h2;G2;di
8000 TR=INT(B*C0S(B/41)+.5) : IF T
R=LR THEN 8020
8010 LINE(126+LR, 130) - ( 130+LR, 13
0) , PRESET: LINE <128+LR, 130) -(128+
LR, 133) , PRESET: LINE (126+TR, 130)-
(130+TR, 130) ,PSET: LINE (128+TR, 13
0)-(128+TR, 133) ,PSET:LR=TR
8020 P=INT(100*(EP+(SIN(6*AP-.S7
)+.54)/6) ): IF P>20 THEN P=20 ELS
E IF P<-20 THEN P=-20
8030 IF AL=0 AND AS<50 OR AL=0 A
ND SGN (P)=-l THEN P=0
8040 IF P=P1 AND B=B1 THEN RETUR
N
8050 BB=B/93: IF AL=0 THEN BB=0
8060 X=INT(C0S(BB)*25) : Y=SIN(BB)
8070 LINE (128+PX,92-Pl+PY)-( 128-
PX , 92-P 1 -P Y ) , PRESET : C I RCLE ( 1 28 , 9
2-P1) ,5,0
8080 line(128+x,92-p+y)-(128-x,9
2-p-y) ,pset: circle (128, 92-p) ,5, 1
: pi=p: px=x: py=y: bi=b: pe=ep: retur
n
Hint
Disk Display
While working on a program to put a direct file access on
a disk, I ran into the usual problems when writing a program
and found myself wondering just exactly what my program
had put into the file. After about 15 minutes of typing
DSKISO etc., I came up with the following little program
which will display the entire contents of the disk on the
screen and shows the track and the sector which it is on.
Maybe someone else could benefit by this.
—George Quellhorst
1 * "DISKSEEK" BY Q-SOFT
2 'FOR USE BY RAINBOW READERS
3 CLEAR 500
4 FOR T=0 TO 34: FOR Y= 1 TO 18
5 DSKI*0,T,Y,A*,B*
6 PRINT A*, B*
7 PRINT "C SECTOR "T" 3 C TRAC
K "Y" 3
8 NEXT Y: NEXT T
This Stagecoach
No Oscar Winner
When the bumpy lettering of the Stagecoach title screen
came up, I thought of young John Wayne in the classic 1939
western of that name.
When the instruction page of the 16K Extended Color
BASIC program told me that my mission was to drive my
stagecoach over 250 miles of burning sand to deliver the gold
and the judge's pretty daughter, Annabelle, I put on my best
Gabby Hayes hat, thumbed a couple of No. 1 buckshot
rounds into my Greener and climbed up on the box, ready
for any kind of trouble, be it maraudin' injuns or a band of
thievin' skonk outlaws.
What I got when I went to the command screen was a
series of six commands, such as "drink from canteen," and
"ahead at a full gallop." Command number five was for
"graphic display-status check." Good enough. Might as well
look over the terrain before starting out.
The terrain, as shown on screen, is a straight line with a
couple of mountainous bumps on either side, culminating in
what may represent the town. In one corner of the screen, a
canteen shows its water level, while another corner shows
possession of Annabelle and the gold. If Annabelle looks
anything like her screen picture, the judge may not want her
back!
No matter. Onward, says the crusty old stage driver.
The idea of Stagecoach is to use the various commands to
make best use of your water and horses, and to cope with
sandstorms, Indians and the James Gang. To win, you must
travel the 250 miles and retain both Annabelle and the gold.
The first time I played this kind of game, I found it in
"Basic Computer Games, Vol. II," a 1979 Creative Comput-
ing release. In that publication, the game was Camel. Stage-
coach is very similar — to the point that many of the reply
phrases are the same except for the use of "horses" for
"camel" and "indians" instead of "pygmies."
Camel's tragic flaw was that it was too random. Seem-
ingly logical play might get you halfway through, then a
random number would wipe you out. Stagecoach shares the
same flaw — there seems to be no reliable strategy. The play
is too simple to be intellectually involving and too frustrat-
ing and repetitive to be mindless fun. The graphics used in
Stagecoach are for naught — the pictures are crude and add
nothing to the play of the game. Instead of making use of
CoCo's varied sound repertoire, the authors settled f or a few
standard beeps and boops, with a couple of out-of-time and
out-of-tune ditties at the end of play.
Disk users have to disconnect bef ore loading the program
from tape, because it uses a low-memory auto run routine
that writes over disk controller memory.
Stagecoach, had it been out in early 1980, when CoCo
users were hungry for any software, would have been wel-
come. Today, it's sadly behind state-of-the-art. There was
no price on the review copy, but if Stagecoach sells for
anything more than a real bargain basement price, your
money would be better spent elsewhere.
(Petrocci Freelance Associates, 651 N. Houghton Road,
Tucson, AZ 85748)
—Bruce L. Sublett
68 the RAINBOW June, 1983
COMPUTER SHACK
COLOR OFT (Direct File Transfer)
Disk or Tape
At last a terminal program forthe color computer that allows you
to send and receive machine language programs without any
conversion routines. Send directly from disk to disk or tape to
disk. DFT will send and receive any type of program machine
language, basic, text files, datafiles etc. from a color computer,
Model I, Model II! or a Bullet 80 system. DFT has a chat mode
and has software controlled half and/or full duplex. You must
have a modem in order to use DFT.
Tape Version $24.05 Disk Version $20.05
COLOR TAPE COPY $15.05
By Gob Withers
There have been few copy programs on the market for the Color
computer but none can compare with Color Tape Copy. This
program is designed so that you don't lose any of youryaulable
programs or data bases.
It will make a backup of any Color Computer Tape; Machine
language, data, or basic program.
First load color tape copy into your CC. Then it prompts you to
put your original copy into the recorder. After it loads the
program into memory it tells you to put a blank tape into the
recorder and press the record button. It then writes the program
to a new tape.
You'll never have to worry about your little kids destroying, your
$20.00 tapes. 16K.
TELEWRITER - 64
Best word processor for the Color Computer.
Tape $40.05 Disk $50.05
DRAG0NQUEST
A new text adventure by Charles Forsythe. You must rescue the
princess from the Smaaegor Monarch of Dragonfolk. All Machine
language. Fast, Exciting and only $15.05
MADNESS AND THE MINOTAUR
A classic adventure game utilizing two word commands.
Price $10.05
BUG0UT
A compact but very powerful rrionitorforthe6809 microprocessor.
Only $10.05
MISADVENTURE SERIES
MADAM ROSA'S MASSAGE PARLOR
Tape $15.00
WET T-SHIRT CONTEST
TaDe $15.00
COMPUTER SHACK'S
PROGRAMMING THE 6809
By Rodney Zaks & William Labiak $1 4.95
This book explains how to program the 6809 in assembly
language, covering all aspects progressively and systematic-
ally. Beginning with the basics of programming, Programming
the 6809 goes on to explain registers and buses, subroutines,
the 6809 instruction set, addressing modes, I/O techniques and
devices, and finally, data structures. With this knowledge, you
will be able to give your 6809 processor 1 6-bit performance
with 8-bit economy. No prior programming knowlede is required.
TRS-80 COLOR PROGRAMS
by Tom Rugg and Phil Feldman $19.95
Here are 37 fully documented programs ready to type into your
color computer. These programs promise to be educational,
practical, and in almost all cases, fun. 332 pages.
COLOR COMPUTER GRAPHICS
by Ron Clark $9.95
The complete handbook on howto do colorvideographics, with
ready to run programs. Learn all about low, medium and high-
resolution graphics, and how to create each. 138 pages.
TRS-80 COLOR BASIC
by Bob Albrecht $9.95
With this book you can teach yourself BASIC, the language of
the TRS-80 and many other computers. Packed with games, ex-
periments, programming problems and solutions, this entertain-
ing self-instructional book is the ideal introductory aid for kids,
parents and teachers. 378 pages.
TRS-80 COLOR COMPUTER GRAPHICS
byDonlnman $14.95
Explore the creative and imaginative blending of computers
and color using Color Computer Graphics. This book will enable
you to explore all the graphics capabilities of Extended Basic,
you will learn how to create interesting graphicsto enhance you
own computer programs. The book also provides application
programs and useful subroutines 303 pages
COLOR COMPUTER S0NGB00K
by Ron Clark $7.95
40 of the world's best known songs, scored for easy playing on
the TRS-80 Color Computer, including many favorite popular,
classical, folk and seasonal musical selections. Some of which
include Dixie, Minuet, Greensleeves, Jingle Bells, Yellow Rose
of Texas, etc. 96 pages
COMPUTER SHACK
1691 Eason • Pontiac, Michigan 48054
Info: (313)673-8700 • Orders: CALL TOLL FREE (800) 302-8881
Master Charge and VISA OK. Please add $3.00 for shipping in the U.S.A. - $5.00 for Canada or Mexico - Proper postage outside of U.S. - Canada - Mexico.
Dealers: We are distributors for all items in this ad. Write for our catalog and price list.
ODLE BUG
DOODLE BUG is a machine
language high resolution
graphics game for one or
two players who move their
Ladybugs through an ever-
changing maze gobbling dots
and other items while avoid-
ing Enemy bugs and Skulls.
Excellent Graphics.
Similar to Lock N' Chase™
Tape. . . $24.95 Disk. . . $29.95
COLORPEDE
Colorpede has a variety of bugs
ranging from a tiny bettle to the
gigantic colorpede. Colorpede
has better graphics than Kater-
pillar but the sound is not as
good. Colorpede also has a
more varied and complicated
play routine. 1 6K.
Tape $29.95
DONKEY KING
Using the four stages from the
original acrade game, with your
joystick in hand try to jump the
barrels, collect the pins,
manuever your way pastthe fall-
ing jacks, and figure out the crazy
conveyor belts. Written by Tom
Mix, this ones sure to become a
classic! 32K
Tape . . . $24.95 Disk . . . $27.95
Now you can deduct up to 20% on the price of
games: buy any 2 games deduct 10%, buy any 3
games deduct 1 5%, buy any 4 games deduct 20%
from games prices.
PACDROIDS
With its space theme, the Super
Saucerlaysdestructominesand
the Super Bomb that disinte-
grates everything in your path,
right up to the wall. The maze
changes every 1 0,000 points as
the difficulty escalates. 1-4
players. 16K extended basic.
Tape $1 9.95
MEGAPEDE
Could this be the best
Centipede yet?
Computerwares new addition
to the field, super graphics
and sound.
Tape. . . $21.95 Disk. . . $26.95
PHANTOM SLAYER
You must chase the phantoms
and kill them with your assort-
ment of weapons. This is a graph-
ics type maze/adventure game
with full screenthree dimension-
al graphics. You are armed with
a laser pistol, and proximity de-
tector. 1 6K.
Tape $19.95
SHARK TREASURE
Dive down through the
sharks and salvage the gold.
Armed with special flash
bombs you fight off the
sharks. Excellent game.
G reat graphics , sound. From
Computerware.
Tape. . . $21.95 Disk. . . $26.95
GHOST GOBBLER
Ghost Gobbler is an excellent
version of Pac-Man". You must
gobble all the food dots while
avoiding the ghosts. There are
four energizer dots which will
make the ghosts turn blue and
become scared. This is the best
copy of the arcade game. 1 6K.
Tape $21 .95
COMPUTER SHACK
1691 Eason • Pontiac* Michigan 48054
Info: (313)673-8700 • Orders: CALL TOLL FREE (800) 302*6061
Master Charge and VISA OK. Pleas© add $3.00 for shipping in the USA ■ $5.00 for Canada or Mexico - Proper postage outside of U.S. - Canada - Mexico.
Dealers: We are distributors for ait items in this ad Write for our catalog and price list.
■ TOP TEN 1
FOR THE COCO
1).
DONKEY KONG
2).
COLORPEDE
3).
ROBOTTACK
4).
7i yvniM
+ I r H h+r-iH rr -^h P 1 f \ f\ % 1
5).
DOODLE BUG
6).
SHARK TREASURE
7).
ASTRO BLAST
8).
PLANET INVASION
9).
SPACE RACE
10).
; GHOST GOBBLER
ROBOTTACK
Manuever your way
around the screen in a last
desperate attempt to save the
human family. As the robots
grow in number, use your
lasers to eliminate them and
your superior manuevering
to avoid their deadly grip.
ROBOTTACK is a 100%
machine, 1 to 2 player arcade
action game for the entire
family. 16K CoCo.
Tape. r $24.95 Disk.. $27.95
HAYWIRE
This is Mark Data's version of
Beserk". Super Colors and dy-
namite sound effects in this fast
paced arcade game for one or
two players. The exciting com-
bination of angry robots an the
Indestructible Menace will pro-
vide hours of action filled fun.
Tape $24.95
1 ?34^b
— 1
1 1
>y.'
-r *y*
- '
**
11 V
20*24 =
YES THATS RIGHT 20 PLUS 24 EQUALS 1.
TRANSLATED THAT MEANS 20% DISCOUNT ON
SOFTWARE ORDERS OF 4 OR MORE ITEMS PLUS 24
HOUR DELIVERY MAKE US YOUR #1 DEALER. TRY US
AND SEE! WE HAVE OVER 50 DIFFERENT PROGRAMS
FOR THE COLOR COMPUTER.
ASTRO BLAST
Your routine space patrol in an
outer galaxy sector becomes a
life and death struggle with alien
invasion forces advancing to-
wards Earth. Wave after wave of
attack squadrons challenge you
in this superhi-res machine lang-
uage shoot-em-up game. One or
two players. 16K.
Tape version $24.95
SPACE RACE
Maneuver your ship around the
four cornered "race track" in
space while destroying hordes
of alien ships. As you fly around
the "race track" bouncing off the
walls, watch out for mines laid by
the swarmers. Great color and
sound and a new approach. 1 6K.
Tape $21.95
Four great reasons why you should buy from Computer
Shack (1 ) We have a toll free line, it costs you nothing to call
us. (2) We ship all orders out within 24 hours (3) Most of our
salespeople have color computers and they will be more than
happy to help you pick out games, books, etc. (4) If you buy
morethanoneprogramwewillgiveyouadiscount. If you buy
2 programs you can take 1 0° < off both programs. If you buy 3
programs you can take 15°< off and if you buy 4 or more
programs you can take 20°o off the price of all four.
We are still in need of some additional people to add to our
top ten panel. If you are interested send us a listing of your 1 O
favorite games.
We carry many programs that are notinourad's, please call if
there ts a special program you want
MONKEY KONG
\
Once again, Mario jumps into
action. Avoiding rolling barrels,
ramps, ladders, and killer flames
while trying to save the beau-
tiful girl from the clutches of the
giant ape. Written by Ken Kalish
its so much like the arcade ver-
sion, you might try to insert a
quarter. 16K.
Tape $1 9.95
RAIL RUNNER
Something like Frogger™.
But with a difference.
Excellent hi res graphics and
exciting play.
From Computerware.
Tape... $21.95 Disk... $26.95
SPACE TRADER
Establish vast interstellar shipp
ing lanes and purchase stock in
the companies that control
those trade routes. This is a multi-
player board game with graph-
ics. This is a game for the think-
ers, it takes more than a quick
hand to win this one. 16K
Tape $21 .95
PLANET INVASTI0N
A great new Defender action
game, its success insured by its
spellbinding graphics and mar-
velous sound, but most of all by
its controlability. Using both the
keyboard and the joystick, you
manuever your way through this
revolutionary new game. 16K
Tape $21 .95
VENTURER
Fantastic arcade game comes
to life on your Color Computer
screen. Upon entering each
room you'll find new treasures
and new challenges. Using your
joystick, get the treasure while
fending off the attacking crea-
tures. This great new adaptation
be Aardvark will put excitement
back into your Color Computer.
16K
Tape $1 9.95
GOLF
Aardvark has brought this age old
game to your Color Computer.
With sandtraps, trees, water
holes, and a great sound track,
you just might mistake it for the
real thing. Choose your club and
select a swing, if you make it to
the green you can even putt.
16K extended color basic.
Tape $9.95
COMPUTER SHACK
1691 Eason • Pontiac, Michigan 48054
Info: (313) 673-8700 • Orders: CALL TOLL FREE (800) 302-8881
Master Charge and VISA OK. Please add $3.00 for shipping in the U.S.A. - $5.00 for Canada or Mexico - Proper postage outside of U.S. * Canada * Mexico.
Dealers: We are distributors for all items in this ad. Write for our catalog and price list.
TURN OF THE SCREW
Memories Of The PROM
By Tony DiStefano
Rainbow Contributing Editor
This month I would like to take a close look at memory.
What is a ROM? What is RAM? Or PROM? Or
EPROM? Or EEPROM? They are all forms of
memory chips, I think that before I go on, I'd better cough
up a little background on memory chips. For those of you
who know all about memory chips. I think that before I go
on, I'd better cough up a little background on memory chips.
For those of you who know all about memory chips, bear
with me while I explain the concept of memory to those who
are not quite up on the subject.
The first thing I'll look at is memory chips in general. A
memory chip is a device which holds a certain amount of
information. How much information it holds depends on
the chip itself. It can be anywhere from IK by 1 to 6K by 8
and more. (1K=1024) More on this later. A memory chip is
wild party
A naughty, sexy computer game
for 2 to 6 couples.
Different exciting action
every time you play.
Your parties will be
the hit of your neighborhood
All prompts from TVscreen,
no need to read
complicated instructions.
On cassette tape.
For 16K Color Computer.
Extended BASIC not required.
$35*00 incl postage.
(PA resid add $2 JO)
Send check to PoO. Box 210,
Jenkintown, PA 1901+6
shoehorn
"squeezing big jobs
into little computers"
much like a telephone book. You look up a name and it gives
you a telephone number. The name (in the phone book) is
equivalent to the address lines of a memory chip. The tele-
phone number (in the book) is equivalent to the data lines of
a memory chip. Your fingers are equivalent to the CPU
(Central Processing Unit), in this case the MC6809.
Let's take a look at the address lines first. A typical
memory chip has between 10 and 14 address lines. This
depends on how much memory the chip has. Address lines
on a chip form a binary number (quick, look up binary
numbers in your nearest math book). Each number is one
memory location. One memory location is one byte. If the
chip has 10 address lines then it has 2 to the power of 10
different combinations. That is 2*2*2*2*2*2*2*2*2*2 and
that is equal to 1024. (Is my math right?) In this chip (or
phone book) there are 1024 bytes (or names). The CPU (or
figures) can ask to look at any one of these bytes by giving
the memory chip a binary number. This number, in the form
of address lines then, tells the memory chip, what byte of
information the CPU wants. This is the function of address
lines.
The CPU gives the memory chip a binary number that
corresponds to the address of where the byte is to be found.
The memory chip then reacts by giving the CPU the infor-
mation that is stored at that location, with the data lines.
Data lines (like address lines) form a binary number.
Memory chips can have from 1 to 16 data lines. Each line is
known as one bit. Four bits make one nibble. Two nibbles or
eight bits make one byte. Two bytes or 16 bits make one
word. Most microprocessors work with 8 bits or 1 byte.
Some work with 16 bits or one word. The Color Computer
works with 8 bits. That means the CPU in the computer has
8 data lines or an 8-bit data bus. A bus is no more than wires
that connect all of the chips together.
The last set of lines that are associated with the memory
chip are control lines. Two of these lines include power and
ground to the chip. The rest of the control lines are quite
invisible to the user. The only one that is of interest is the
chip select. This line tells the memory chip when to activate.
Since there are usually more than one memory chip in a
computer system, there must be a way of controlling which
chip is to be giving or taking data from the CPU. This is
where the chip select line comes in. A memory chip will not
give or take data unless this line is activated. Well, that's
enough on memory chips in general.
ROM stands for Read Only Memory. In this type of
memory, the information that is in it cannot be changed,
erased or lost. ROM memory is non-volatile. As soon as
power is applied to a ROM, the data is available. The data in
these chips was entered into it when the chip was made at the
72 the RAINBOW June, 1983
factory. Anyone can have a ROM made with their own data
in it, but there is usually a minimum order of about 1000
pieces. It also takesa long timef or delivery. Not practical for
a home user. A ROM is said to be masked with the data
when produced. All computers need at least some ROM
memory in order to function. The Color Computer has
Color Basic in ROM. Without ROM the computer would
not be able to do anything.
RAM stands for Random Access Memory. This is quite
different from ROM. RAM memory can be changed, erased
and lost. When power is applied to a RAM chip, there is
nothing in it. The computer can put any data it wants in it
and change the data that is in it whenever it wants. One thing
about RAM is that as soon as the power is removed from the
chip, the data that was there is lost forever. RAM memory is
volatile.
PROM stands for Programmable Read Only Memory.
This chip is much like the ROM. The difference is that a
PROM is blank. It has no data in it. All of the bits in a
PROM are HI. With the proper accessories a user can put
any data into a PROM. Once the data is entered or pro-
grammed into the chip, it becomes just like a ROM. It has all
the properties of a ROM. It cannot be changed, erased, or
lost. The only exception to that is, if a PROM is pro-
grammed more than once, the data can become very
scrambled and totally useless.
EPROM stands for Erasable Programmable Read Only
Memory. This chip is very much like a PROM. The major
difference is that (like the name says) it can be erased. An
EPROM is like a PROM but has a little window in the chip
that exposes the internal circuits. When an EPROM is
exposed to ultraviolet light it is erased. To protect an
EPROM from being erased, a small sticker is placed over
the window. All the bits return to their original state of HI.
An EPROM can then be re-programmed with different
data. It can be re-used over and over again.
EEPROM stands for Electrically Erasable Programma-
ble Read Only Memory. This chip is much like the EPROM.
The difference is that, instead of using a window and ultra-
violet light to erase the memory, an electrical pulse is used.
There is no need f or a window or an ultraviolet light to erase
an EEPROM.
How are memory chips used in the Color Computer? The
CPU in the Color Computer is a MC6809E. It has 16
address lines. That means it is capable of addressing (or
looking at) 65535 different bytes of memory. Normally it is
said that this CPU can access 64K of memory. That is like
having a phone book with 65535 names in it. A 32K Disk
Color BASIC computer has many memory chips. First, it
has 32K or RAM. Then it has 8K BASIC ROM, 8K
Extended BASIC ROM and 8K Disk ROM. There is also
8K memory not being used. That totals up to 64K of
memory. That is our full 65535 telephone book. But what if
you had another phone book? What if you could switch
between two phone books? That could give you much more
memory. Or could it? In the Color Computer there is a chip
called the SAM chip. SAM stands for Synchronous Address
Multiplexer. This chip has the ability to switch between two
phone books. EHH!? I mean between different memory
chips. This gives the computer the capability to access a total
of 96K bytes of memory. In a full blown Color Computer
there is 96K of memory. Not all of this memory can be
accessed at one time (especially with Radio Shack BASIC),
but with the SAM chip in action and the right software, all
of the 96K of memory can be used.
This brings me to the most asked question about the
Color Computer. "How come, when I put 64K memory
chips in my computer, I do not get any more free memory
when I type in PRINTMEM, than with 32K memory?" The
answer is that the BASIC INTERPRETER was not written
to handle more than 32K of RAM. It is possible however, to
use all the available RAM by using the right software. As
soon as more companies realize that the extra memory is
there, more and more programs will be written to take
advantage of the full 64K memory. ^
GOLDLABEL
BLANK CASSETTES
★ PREMIUM 5 SCREW SHELL
★COMPUTER DATA QUALITY ★LOW NOISE
★ MADE IN USA ★GUARANTEED
1 DOZEN C-10 LENGTH $8.50 + $2.50 shpg.
2 DOZEN C-10 LENGTH $16.00 + $3.50 shpg.
1 DOZEN C-30 LENGTH $12.50 + $2.50 shpg.
2 DOZEN C-30 LENGTH $23.50 + $3.50 shpg.
Individual storage boxes (sold only with cassettes) $2.40 per dozen.
CASSETTE CADDY: $3.95 + $2.00 shpg.
2 for $7.00 + $3.00 shpg.
Free shipping on one caddy with each dozen cassettes.
Foreign orders include shipping at 16 oz. per dozen tapes/9 oz. per
caddy/13 oz. per dozen boxes. Shipped in U.S. by UPS.
CASSETTE CADDY
TIRED OF MISPLACED TAPES AND A CLUTTERED WORK AREA? TRY
OUR HINGED TOP SMOKED PLASTIC CADDY THAT HOLDS 12 TAPES IN
ONE HANDY LOCATION. EDGE LABELS INCLUDED TO I0ENTIFY TAPES.
RAINBOW
CERTIFICATION
SEAL
Visa and Mastercard accepted (include expiration date) Orders paid by
cashier's check, money order or bankcard are shipped within 48 hours.
Personal check takes 1-2 wks. No COD. Some foreign sales are restricted.
Texas residents add 5% tax.
COLOR SOFTWARE SERVICES
P.O. BOX 1708, DEPT. R
GREENVILLE, TEXAS 75401
Telephone Orders: (214) 454-3674 9-4 Monday-Saturday
★ DEALER INQUIRIES INVITED * QUANTITY DISCOUNTS AVAILABLE
June, 1983 the RAINBOW 73
ifr TOM MIX SOFTWARE
^ #F0R t he COLOR COMPUTER & TDP 100 • 3424 College N.E., Grand Rapids, Ml 49505 (616) 364-479>
"THE FROG"
(C) 1983
m
•••ARCADE ACTION"*
This one will give you
hours of exciting play. . .
Cross the busy highway
to the safety of the me-
dian and rest awhile
before you set out across
thes swollen river team-
ing with hidden hazards.
Outstanding sound and
graphics.
16K MACHINE LANGUAGE
$27.95 TAPE
$30.95 DISK
THE
KING
1982
32K Machine Language
$26.95 tape
$29.95 disk
ARCADE ACTION • How high can you climb? Four full graphic
screens. Exciting Sound - Realistic graphics. Never before has
the color computer seen a game like this. Early reviews say:
Just like the arcade - Simply outstanding!
"YAAZEE"
(C) 1983
$19.95
16K MACHINE LANGUAGE
EXT. BASIC
Yaazee is a 2 player game using five dice to get the
best poker hand. After game is loaded flashing
digit below player number determines which
player rolls dice at the start of the game.
PROTECTORS
Exciting fast paced arcade
game that looks and plays like
the popular arcade game
"DEFENDER",
Wave after wave of enemy
fighters drop bombs on your
city. Destroy them before they
destroy your city. Soon the
mother ships appear firing laser blasts at you. Watch for the
heat seeking mines.
$24.95 TAPE $27.95 DISK 32K MACHINE CODE
SPACE
SHUTTLE
1983
32K Ext. Basic
$26.95
TAPE
ONLY
This program gives you the real
feeling of flight. Full instrumenta-
tion complete to the max. Actual
simulation of space flight. 32K
Ext. Basic
"TRAPFALL"
By KEN KALISH
(C) 1983
VISA
IMcKtafCod)
COLOR GOLF
Now sit at your computer and play
nine or eighteen holes. Outstanding
graphics in the fairway or on the
green. Helps your game.
32K EXTENDED BASIC $17.95
ADD $1 .00 POSTAGE & HANDLING
MICHIGAN RESIDENTS ADD 4% SALES TAX
•••ARCADE ACTION"*
The "Pitfalls" in this
game are many. Hidden
treasures, jump over the
pits, swing on the vine,
watch out for alligators,
beware of the scorpion.
Another game for the
Color Computer with the 16K MACHINE LANGUAGE
same high resolution _ A
graphics as "The King." TAPE $27.95
DISK $30.95
KATERPILLAR
ATTACK
Outstanding graphics and sound will
end all of those trips to the arcade. So
much like the arcade you have to see it
to believe it. Requires Ext. Basic.
16K MACHINE LANGUAGE $21.95
DISK $24.95
OTHER GREAT GAMES
ALL PROGRAMS REQUIRE 16K
BIRD ATTACK-jA fast paced machine language arcade game.
Shoot the birdmen before they descend upon you. Watch out
for their bombs ! 16K Machine Language $21.95
MAZE RACE- Mazerace is a one or two player game. Play either
against the built in timer or against your favorite opponent. 16K
Machine Code $17.95
SOLO POOL-Now play pool with your color computer. Two
players. Plays like machine language. Super color. High resolu-
tion graphics. 16K Ext. Basic $17.95
ADVENTURES
TREK-16-Travel thru space with Spock and Capt. Kirk. Adven-
ture. Tough! Ext. Basic. $17.95
SHIPWRECK-Escape from a desert Isle if you can. Great
Adventure! Ext. Basic. $14.95
ESCAPE FROM SPECTRE (Graphic Adventure)- You are a
secret agent for British Intelligence sent on a mission to obtain
the secret nerve gas formula being developed by S.P.E.C.T.R.E.
to destroy the world. 1 6K Ext. Basic $1 7.95
Call our BBS Number 616-364-8217 24 Hours a Day
TOP ROYALTIES PAID
LOOKING FOR NEW SOFTWARE
TOM MIX SOFTWARE
• FOR THE COLOR COMPUTER & TDP 100 • 3424 College N.E., Grand Rapids, Ml 49505 (616) 364-4791 •
UTILITIES
COLOR MONITOR-Written in position independent code. (May
be located in any free memory). Very compact. Only occupies
1174 bytes of memory. Full Featured. Includes Break-Pointing
of machine language programs, register display and modify,
memory display and modify, and block memory move com-
mands. Displays memory in hex and ascii format on one line 8
bytes long. MACHINE LANGUAGE $24.95
ROM-This program is a utility that will move "most" 8K Rom-
Packs to disk and allow you to run them from disk. Easy to use.
Requires 64K. $17.95
SCREEN PRINT ROUTINE Using your Epson or Microline
Printer. Print the screen contents on a full size 8V2 x 1 1 sheet.
16K Ext. Basic $17.95
TAPE DUPE Now — an all new Tape Backup Program. Even
copies those hard to copy Auto-Execute Programs. Protect
your software by making a backup copy. Probably the finest
tape copier program ever. 16K Maching Language. TAPE $21.95
DISK $25.95
DISK TO TAPE- Dump the contents of most disk, to tape
automatically. Machine Language. $17.95
TAPE TO DISK - Load the contents of most tapes to disk
automatically. Machine Language. $17.95
MAIL LIST-Maintain a complete mailing list with phone
numbers etc. Ext. Basic. DISK BASED $17.95
THE FIXER-Having trouble moving those 600 Hex progams to
disk? The fixer will help. Completely automatic. $17.95
TAPE CAT-AM new machine language program lists contents of
tapes to printer. Make a catalog of your tapes. $17*95
PROGRAM PRINTER UTILITY-This program will list basic pro-
grams to your printer in two column format. Saves paper and
makes your listing look professional. Disk based. $17.95
EDUCATIONAL SOFTWARE For The Color Computer and TDP 100
STORY PROBLEMS is a program that is designed to give practice in
solving STORY PROBLEMS (sometimes called STATEMENT, THOUGHT
or WORD PROBLEMS) on the COLOR COMPUTER. It is suitable for use
in either a home or school environment. It is also a tool that will allow
you to create new story problems to suit your children's needs and abili-
ty levels. It has many features that make it particularly attractive: Story
problems involving addition, subtraction, multiplication, division or a
combination of the four are presented to the student by slowly scrolling
each letter of each problem onto the screen. Up to 5 students may use
the program at the same time. There are 4, user modifiabale, skill levels.
16K Ext. Basic TAPE $19.95
CLOCK-With the ever increasing use of digital clocks, more and more
young people are unpracticed in the use of the "ANALOG" clocks. You
remember those, the ones with the hands. This program will attempt to
teach the relationship between the two types of clocks.
REQUIRES 16K EXT. BASIC $14.95
SPELLING TEST is designed to give a standard oral spelling test using
the audio track of the computer's tape recorder to dictate test words and
sample sentences. Student responses are typed on the keyboard and
checked by the computer. Results are displayed on the screen and (if
connected) on a printer. REQUIRES 16K EXT. BASIC $19.95
MATH DRILL is a program designed to help children to practice addi-
tion, subtraction, multiplication, and division skills on the COLOR COM-
PUTER. It has several features that make its use particularly attractive.
•Up to 6 students may use the program at the same time.
•Answers for addition, subtraction and multiplication are entered
from right to left, just as they are written on paper.
•Commas may be included in the answers.
• Partial products for the multiplication problems may be com-
puted on the screen.
•Division answers that have a remainder are entered as a whole
number followed by the letter "R" and the remainder.
•There are ten, user modifiable, skill levels.
•A "SMILEY FACE" is used for motivation and reward. Its size in-
creases relative to the skill level.
•Skill levels automatically adjust to the student's ability.
•A timer measures the time used to answer each problem and the
total time used for a series of problems.
•After a problem has been answered incorrectly the correct answer
appears under (above in division) the incorrect answer.
REQUIRES 16KEX1 BASIC $19.95
WORD DRILL is designed to give a multiple choice vocabulary quiz.
Words and definitions are entered into the program from the keyboard or
from a tape file. The computer displays a randomly chosen definition
and eight word choices. The student must enter his response before a
built in timer reaches zero.
REQUIRES 16K EXT. BASIC $19.95
SEARCH-A WORD This Program generates a word search puzzle to your
specifications. You specify the size of the puzzle and the number of
words that it is to hide within the puzzle. 16K or 32K Ext. Basic.
TAPE $17.95 FLEX VERSION $27.95
EDUCATIONAL PACKAGE - SPELLING TEST -
WORD DRILL — MATH DRILL — ESTIMATE —
ALL FOR — $89.95
ESTIMATE is a program designed to help children to practice estimating
the answers to addition, subtraction, multiplication and division
problems on the COLOR COMPUTER. It has many features that make its
use particularly attractive:
•Up to 5 students may use the program at the same time.
•There are 5, user modifiable, skill levels.
•The acceptable percent error may be changed as a student's skill
improves.
•A timer measures the number of seconds used to answer each
problem and the total time used for a series of problems.
•If a problem has been answered incorrectly, the student is told the
percent error and asked to try again.
•If a problem is answered incorrectly a second time, the student is
told the correct answer and the range of acceptable answers is
displayed.
•A report is given at the end of each set of problems that includes the
number of problems done, the number of problems answered cor-
rectly on the first try and the average percent error.
•The (BREAK) key has been disabled so that a child will not in-
advertently stop the program from running.
16K EXT. BASIC $19.95
TEACHERS' DATABASE is a program designed to allow a teacher to
keep a computerized file of information about his/her students. There
are many features that make this program particularly attractive.
• Information on as many as 100 students (or more) may be in the
computer at one time.
• Each student may have as many as 20 (or more) individual
items of data in his/her record.
• The program will run from cassette or disk.
• Cassette and disk files are completely compatable.
• The program is menu driven.
• Records may be easily changed, deleted, combined or
added.
• Information about students may be numerical or text.
• Records may be quickly alphabetized.
• Records may be sorted by various criteria.
• Records may be reordered (ranked) based on test scores or
other data.
• Data displayed during a sort may be printed on a printer or
saved on disk or cassette as a new file.
• A full statistical analysis of data may be done and sent to the
printer.
• Student test scores may be weighted. 32K EXT BASIC TAPE $39.95
DISC $42 95
Call our BBS Number 616-364-8217 24 Hours a Day
• ADD $1.00 POSTAGE & HANDLING • TOP ROYALTIES PAID •
MICHIGAN RESIDENTS ADD 4% SALES TAX • LOOKING FOR NEW SOFTWARE
Be Nice To Your Printer-
Give It This AL Word Processor
By D. S. Lewandowski
Rainbow Contributing Editor
This month has been a month for surprises. The
original topic was going to be a clock for the 80C.
However, last month (page 20) I see that Mr. Trevor
beat me to the punch. Rather than being redundant, I tried
to think of another topic. Burning much of the midnight oil I
came up with a simple word processing program. It's written
in two parts; this month we will be able to enter, look at and
print the text. Next month we will add edit, tape save, and
tape load features. I realize that there must be a hundred
word processing programs out there, yet I haven't seen any
in print except for BASIC listings. I feel that this may break
some new ground and get us to use some ROM routines we
would normally overlook.
When entering the program please use the same line
numbers, as next month we shall delete the ones concerning
the additional functions. This listing has been entered using
the R/S EDTASM+, rather than the Micro-Works
SDS80C. The reason is quite simple — I grabbed the one
closest to the computer. By the way, the booklet called
"USING an EDITOR/ ASSEMBLER" is now available,
just send your name and address with a 37 cents stamp (two
20 cent stamps will do) to DSL Computer Products, P.O.
Box 1113, Dearborn, MI 48121 for a copy. Requests with-
out return postage enclosed will not be honored.
The program is fairly straight forward. In line 1 20 the text
buffer is defined, the location is then stored within the
program at BU FST, f or buffer start, and BUFEN, f or buff er
end. The screen is then cleared. In 160 the X register is
pointed at a sign-on message. Then we branch to PRINT,
the reason f or calling it as a sub-routine is so we may reuse it.
Line 180 branches around our reuseable routine to another
routine at SA393. 1 like to call this routine LINE INPUT, as
you may enter any keypress, it will terminate with either an
ENTER or a BREAK key. This routine will make use of a
buffer at S02DD. It will also reset X to the start location of
the buffer -1 . For this reason we must take the text from this
buffer and move it to our buffer prior to reusing the routine.
This is what is happening at line 250. We load the Y register
with our current buffer location. As I just mentioned, X is
pointing at the text just typed in -1, so we need to increment
X. Since there is no command such as INCX, we load A with
the contents of X, and increment X, in line 260. Now X is
pointing at the text we typed in, so we can move it to our
buffer. Before we do, we will check the contents of A to see if
either an up arrow, (end text input) or a zero, (end of line) is
there. Once all the text has been moved, a zero will be
encountered which will branch us to MORE, in line 360.
Here a SOD, which is an ENTER key, will be stored in our
buffer to signal the end of a line. The contents of the Y
pointer is stored at BUFEN, and the text input is resumed.
Once an up arrow is encountered, end of input. We
branch to FIN, for finish. A zero is stored in our text buffer
to mark end of file. The screen is cleared, and a menu of
options is displayed, which brings us to WAIT. Using the
routine at SA1C1, we scan the keyboard for a keypress.
Once a key is pressed, the valid options are compared to the
value of the keypress. If a match is found, that routine will be
executed. If no match is found, line 600 will bring us back to
WAIT.
The only options that will function are: C — Continue,
P — Printer, and X — Exit to BASIC. Pressing E, L, or S will
refer you to next month's RAINBOW. See you there.
The listing:
00100
ORG
*E00
00110 » A SIMPLE TEXT PROCESSOR IN ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE
00120 START
LDY
♦BUFF
GET BUFF LOC.
00130
STY
BUFST
00140
STY
BUFEN
00150
JSR
*A928
CLS
00160
LDX
tHESl
PRINT INTRO
00170
BSR
PRINT
DISPLAY ON SCREEN
00180
BRA
CONT
60 AROUND ROUTINE
00190 PRINT
LDA
a*
GET BYTE
00200
BEQ
DONE
IF ZERO EXIT
00210
JSR
♦A30A
OUTPUT A TO SCREEN
00220
BRA
PRINT
LOOP TILL DONE
00230 DONE
RTS
RETURN FROH SUB
00240 CONT
JSR
*A393
RON INPUT ROUTINE
002S0
LDY
BUFEN
TEXT POINTER
00260
LDA
00270 LOOP
LDA
,x+
POINT AT INPUT BUFFER
00280
CHPA
t$5E
UP ARROW?
00290
BEQ
FIN
00300
CHPA
#0
END OF LINE?
00310
BEQ
HORE
GET ANOTHER LINE
00320
STA
,Y+
00330
BRA
LOOP
00340 BUFST
FDB
0
BUFF POINTER
003S0 BUFEN
FDB
0
00360 MORE
LDA
H0D
ENTER BYTE
00370
STA
,Y +
00380
STY
BUFEN
SAVE LOC.
00390
BRA
CONT
GET TEXT
00400 FIN
LDA
#$00
END OF TEXT
00410
STA
,Y
00420
STY
BUFEN
UPDATE POINTER
00430 FIN1
JSR
*A928
CLS
00440
LDX
IHES3
00450
JSR
PRINT
DISPLAY OPTIONS
00460 WAIT
JSR
• A1C1
INKEY*
00470
BEQ
WAIT
00480
CHPA
#$43
ASCII C
00490
BEQ
REST
RESTART
76 theRAINBOW June, 1983
00500
www
CMPA
Will II
#$45
ASCII E
ff ff ml mm mm m mm
00770
BRA
WAIT
00510
LBEQ
EDIT
00780 TMES
FCC
/NOT AVAILABLE TILL JULY ISSUE OF
mi mi \J A mi
00520
Ji mi ml mm mi
W mi mmm mm
CMPA
Will' II
mm mm m I
i$4C
W ~ 1 w
ASCII L
ff ff W mm m m mm
RAINBOW/
00530
LBEQ
mm mi mm mm
LOAD
mm mm ff ff mm
00790
FDB
$0D00
00540
CMPA
Will ff V
i$50
w ~ w mi
ASCII P
00800 MES1
FCC
/ A SIMPLE TEXT/
00550
V mf W W V
BEQ
mi mm mm
PAPER
00810
FCB
$0D
00560
CMPA
Will 1 f
#$53
m T W mf
ASCII S
1 1 W W m m W
00820
FCC
/ HANDLING PROGRAM/
00570
mi mi ml / A/
LBEQ
mm mi mm 14
SAVE
W ff V ¥ mm
00830
FCB
$0D
00580
CMPA
#$58
ASCII X
00840
FCC
/ by D.S. LEWANDOWSKI/
00590
BEQ
EXIT
00850
FDB
$0D0D
00600
BRA
WAIT
00860 MES2
FCC
/ ENTER TEXT TERMINATE EACH LINE
00610
REST
JSR
$A928
CLS
WITH AN enter.
m w m m w m mm I I • * ■
PRESS
A KEY AND PRESS ENTER TO STOP./
W m mm www m mm W mm mm mmw mmw mm www mm mm W mm mmw m mm m mm
00620
LDX
#MES2
POINT AT PROMPT
00870
FDB
$0D00
00630
JSR
PRINT
00880 MES3
FCC
/ C - CONTINUE/
00640
LDX
BUFST
POINT AT TEXT
00890
FDB
$0D0D
00650
JSR
PRINT
PRINT TEXT
00900
FCC
/ E - EDIT/
00660
JMP
CONT
ENTER MORE TEXT
00910
FDB
$0D0D
00670
PAPER
LDY
BUFST
POINT AT START
00920
FCC
/ L - LOAD FROM TAPE/
00680
L00P2
LDA
BET TEXT
00930
FDB
$0D0D
00690
BEQ
FIN1
ALL TEXT PRINTED
00940
FCC
/ P - SEND TEXT TO PRINTER/
00700
JSR
$A2BF
SEND TO PRINTER
00950
FDB
$0D0D
00710
BRA
L00P2
00960
FCC
/ S - SAVE ON TAPE/
00720
EXIT
JMP
$A027
00970
FDB
$0D0D
00730
SAVE
NOP
00980
FCC
/ X - EXIT TO BASIC/
00740
EDIT
NOP
00990
FDB
$0D00
00750
LOAD
LDX
#TMES
01000 BUFF
t
00760
JSR
PRINT
01010
END
START
AUTOTERM+ COLOR COMPUTER
TURNS YOUR COLOR COMPUTER INTO THE
WORLD'S
SMARTEST TERMINAL!
YOU'LL ALSO USE AUTOTERM FOR SIMPLE
WORD PROCESSING & RECORD KEEPING.
EASY TO USE
ON-THE-SCREEN EDITING via cursor. Full prompting.
Scrolling. Key Beep & Error Beebop.
PLEASANTLY POWERFUL
Total communications ability at 110 to 1200 baud.
Transmit text, graphics, BASIC and Machine Language.
Save & Load cassette/disk files while on line. Scan/Edit
current data while receiving more data. Use any modem.
Fully supports D. C. Hayes & others. Use any printer,
page size, margins, line spacing. Override narrow text
width of received data. Imbedded printer controls.
TRULY AUTOMATIC
Automate almost any communications activity. Dial via
modem, sign-on, interract, sign-off. Perform an entire
session. Act as a message taker. Keystroke Multipliers
may include parameter changes, editing, time delays,
execution of other multipliers, looping, waiting for
partially specified responses, and branching based
upon alternative responses.
32K MEMORY RECOMMENDED RAN - -
CASSETTE $39.95 DISKETTE (coming soon) $49.95
Add $2 Shipping & Handling
Telephone
PXE Computing SOFTWARE CONCEPTS
11 Vicksburg Lane 214/458-0330
Richardson, TX 75080 MC/VISA/COD
AUTO-DIALER
BY SOUNDWORKS
AUTOMATIC PHONE DIALER
El ULTRA HIGH SPEED DIALING AND
REDIALING
6^ STORE OVER 50 NUMBERS
Gf NO MODEM REQUIRED
NO TONE SERVICE NEEDED
Sf SIMPLE HOOK-UP
Sf ADAPTA1LE TO ANY PHONE
gj 16K EXTENDED REQUIRED
■
CASSETTE $24.95 DISK* 34.95
Soundworks Productions
26 EAST 7th STREET
PATCHOGUE ,NEW YORK 11772
WW
mm+m,
*.* * aiftlMNfS< AOO 7.11% TAX
i
June, 1 983 the RAINBOW 77
C.C. DIALER
Let your Co. Co. do the "walking".
Turn your computer into an automatic
telephone dialer.
Generate touch tones from C.C.'s keyboard
or stored directory.
Save, load and modify directories on tape
or disk.
Requires Extended Basic and Touch Tone
phone service.
CASSETTE VERSION - $29.95
VISK VERSION - $34.95
Send cheque or money order to:
CHRIS COMPUTERS
6299 Aiderwood Lane
Delta, B.C. Canada V^E 3E7
[B.C. Ro.ud2.ntb include. 6% Saiei Tax)
fftan* premium
FOR
TRS-80 COLOR
• Fingertip control and greater cursor accuracy
• "Spring-centering" and "free-floating" stick
modes at the flip of a switch
• Comfortable button placement for fast action
COMPUTERWARE
Box 668 •
6809 Specialists Encinitas, CA 92024
(619) 436-3512
Computerware is a trademark of Computerware.
PRINT #-2,
(continued from page 12)
For you poster fans, we have bowed to your letters and are
pleased to be able to announce that we now have a full-size
poster available of the January, 1983, cover. That's the fine
acrylic by Fred Crawford of the wizard, dragons, crawly
creatures and other things that graced our special Adventure
Issue. Cost is $5 plus $ 1 .50 for postage and handling. We do
have only a limited supply, so when they're gone, they're
gone. This poster is really nice and features the full artwork
plus a Rainbow logo. But, no cover lines, mailing informa-
tion and the like on the poster! It is designed to be a worthy
addition to your computer room.
I don't want to get into the Second Anniversary Column
early, but I really have to say thanks to the countless thou-
sands of you who have taken the time to call and write and
say nice things about us. And, too, to thank you for men-
tioning us when contacting our advertisers when you have
occasion to buy or inquire about a product.
By far, we are the largest selling Color Computer maga-
zine in the world — both in terms of size and of circulation.
We've been able to achieve that distinction because of your
fantastic support of what we have been trying to do.
I hope you will continue to support us. We intend to keep
your interests paramount. And, although there are a lot of
people here right now, we make sure that anyone who is
associated with the Rainbow knows that you, our readers
and subscribers, are the most important of all.
The Rainbow started as a two-page photocopied newslet-
ter to serve a f ew people who had just bought something new
called a TRS-80 Color Computer. And, while we've grown
pretty big by now, I like to feel we have done so simply
because we keep one word consistently in mind — service.
Service to you and to the Color Computer. Frankly, we're
not out to make big bucks and we do not see the CoCo as a
mechanism to make money. Instead, we see the Rainbow as
an opportunity to serve you and the CoCo Community.
We hope you'll help us continue.
— Lonnie Falk
Submitting Material
To the Rainbow
Contributions to the RAINBOW are welcome from everyone.
We like to run a variety of programs which will be usef ul/ helpful/ -
fun for other CoCo owners.
Program submissions must be on tape or disk and it is best to
make several saves, at least one of them in ASCII format. We're
sorry, but we do not have time to key in programs. All programs
should be supported by some editorial commentary, explaining
how the program works. We're much more interested in how your
submission works and runs than how you developed it. Programs
should be learning experiences.
We do pay for submissions, based on a number of criteria. Those
wishing remuneration should so state when making submissions.
For the benefit of those who wish more detailed infor-mation on
making submissions, please send a SASE to: Submissions Editor,
the RAINBOW, P.O. Box 209, Prospect, KY 40059. We will send
you some more comprehensive guidelines.
Please do not submit programs or articles currently submitted to
another publication.
78 the RAINBOW June, 1 983
YOUR COLOR COMPUTER JUST GOT WHEELS!
REVOLUTION!
You accelerate hard down a long straightaway,
braking heavily at the end for a hard corner.
You slice smoothly through the esses, and then
boldly keep the power on for a fast sweeper.
The Ferrari drifts dangerously near the edge,
but you make a tiny correction in the steering,
and you are through.
The finish line flashes by, and suddenly you
are in the pits. The car falls silent. You see your
lap times being held up. Your final lap was a
new lap record! At last, you permit yourself
a small smile.
You have mastered this powerful car on a
difficult track, driving with the assurance and
precision that comes only from long hours of
practice.
You are driving an authentic race car. You are
playing Revolution!
FANTASTIC ACTION
Revolution uses high resolution, machine language graphics
for action that is smooth and fast. The emphasis is on
authenticity in the control and motion of your car. As in
driving a real race car, accuracy and precision in your driving
are what counts. Frills and non-essentials have been left out.
PURE COMPETITION
Like a real race driver in practice and qualif ying sessions, you
compete against the clock and against the existing lap record
for that track. Revolution records the lap records and the
name of the person who set the record, so you always know
who reigns supreme on your favorite track!
DESIGNED WITH YOU IN MIND
Revolution is menu-driven, and self explanatory. Informa-
tion screens tell you what you need to know. When you're
ready to play, a menu of the names of all your tracks is
displayed, along with the lap record for each track and the
name of the person who set that lap record. You select a track
with a single keystroke, and Revolution takes you there.
A NEW CONCEPT
Revolution is a unique game, because it allows you to create
the most important part of any race game: the track itself.
The first time you run Revolution, you will be able to choose
from several tracks and cars which are included with the
game.
But, with Revolution, this is only the beginning! You can
create as many tracks as you like. You can make each new
track as difficult or as easy as you wish. You can make easy
ones to begin with, and tougher ones as you become more
skilled. You may find creating tracks to be almost as much
fun as driving on them!
You can save your favorite tracks to run on again whenever
you wish. Revolution will automatically add these new tracks
to the menu. And you can exchange your favorite tracks with
other Revolution owners.
Be careful, though, about letting your friends play this game.
They may not want to let you have your computer back!
THE EARLY REVOLUTION
A prototype version of Revolution was published in the
September, 1982 issue of Rainbow magazine, under the
name The Track, The response to The Track has been terrific.
Revolution has all the features that have made The Track a
favorite, and Revolution's fast, high-resolution machine
language graphics are dramatically improved over the
prototype's.
REVOLUTION NOW!
The original Revolution for the TRS-80™ Color Computer
requires 32K and one disk drive. A new cassette version has
action just like the disk version, and similar track-saving
features excluding a menu of available tracks. The cassette
version will run on a 32KColor Computer or TDP-100. You
can upgrade to the disk version later, too, for a nominal fee.
REVOLUTION
For 32K Disk
. $24.95
Requires Joysticks
For 32K Cassette..
. $21.95
& Extended BASIC
Connecticut residents add sales tax.
TRS-80 is a trademark of Tandy Corporation.
VtSA*
[ MiibieiCarrt
Inter <^> (^Action
RAINBOW
CERTIFICATION
SEAL
113 Ward Street • Dept. R • New Haven, CT 06519 • (203) 562-5748
This Will Program Your
Keys On Professional Keyboard
People who have bought the Professional Keyboard for
CoCo may want to program the four function keys, F1-F4,
that appear on the keyboard. One way to do this is with the
following program, which will assign the following func-
tions to the keys:
Fl — When pressed with the shift key will make a screen
dump of the contents of your screen to a printer.
F2 — When held down will function as a repeat key. Any
key pressed along with this key will repeat.
F3 — If you have a lowercase kit, pressing this key will "flip"
between the upper case and lower case display.
F4 — A Control key. When used like a shift, it will subtract
64 from the ASCII value. For example, pressing Control
and the "H" key will give you a backspace.
To make this program work, type it in and then RUN it It
will EXECute automatically. Because it POKEs informa-
tion into high memory, it will not interfere with your BASIC
programs.
The listing:
1 A=PEEK(116)*256+PEEK(117)
2 CLEAR200,A— 226:A=PEEK(1 16)*256+PEEK(1 17):
FOR X=A— 226 TO A: READ A$: POKE X, VAL(-
"&H"+A$):NEXT:EXEC A— 226:NEW
10 DATA BE, 01, 6B, OF, FD, 9F, F8, BE, 01, 68, BF, 7C,
E1,31,8D,00, 15, 10,BF,01,6B,86,7E,B7,01,6A,B7,01,
67, 31, 8D,00, Bl, 10, BF,01, 68, 39, 32, 62, AD,9F,0F, 70,
0D, 6F, 27, 03, 7E, Al, 7F, BD, Al, Bl, 81, BD, 27, F9, 81,
04, 27, F5, 8 1 , 67, 27, 45, 8 1 , 1 3 , 10, 27, 00, 4E, 34, 02, B6, 0 1 ,
56,85
20 DATA 40, 26, IF, 86, FF,B7,01, 52, B7,01, 53, B7,01,
54, B7, 01, 55, B7, 01, 57, B7, 01, 58, B7, 01, 59, 86, BF, B7,
01,56,35, 02,39, B6, 01, 58, 85, 40, 26,0D,35, 02,81,41,25,
06, 8 1 , 5B, 24, 02, 80, 40, 39, 35, 02, 39, 34, 02, B6, 01, 57, 85,
40, 26, BA, 35, 02, 03, FD, 4F, 39, 34, 36, B6, 01 , 55, 85, 40,
26
30 DATA 2F, 8E, 04, 00, C6, 20, A6, 80, 81, 60, 26, 04, 86,
20, 20, 0E, 8 1 , 20, 24, 04, 8B, 60, 20, 06, 8 1 , 60, 25, 02, 88, 40,
84, 7F, BD, A2, BF, 5A, 26, E0, 86, 0D, BD, A2, BF, 8C, 06,
00, 26, D4, 35, B6, 0D, 6F, 26, OA, 0D, FD, 27, 06,81,41, 25,
02, 88, 20, 7E, CB, 4A
—Bob Rosen
ARE YOUR WALKING FINGERS GETTING FOOTSORE ?
Tired of typing in those long, but wonderful, programs from each issue of the RAINBOW? Now, you can get RAINBOW ON TAPE and give
those tired fingers a rest. With RAINBOW ON TAPE, you'll be able to spend your time enjoying programs instead of just typing.. .typing... typing
them! All you need to do ever again is pop a RAINBOW ON TAPE cassette into your recorder, CLOAD and RUN any one you want.
RAINBOW ON TAPE is available as a single issue for $6.50 or on a yearly subscription basis for only $60. it is the perfect complementfor the
RAINBOW itself
VISA, MasterCard and American Express accepted. All subscriptions begin with the current issue and back issues are available
beginning with April, 1982. Subscriptions are sent first class mail to coincide with the arrival of your current issue of the RAINBOW.
Now . . .
The Best Color Computer Magazine
Offers The Best Tape Service
Think of it! Not 10 or a dozen— but between 20 ond 30— programs every month from
Rainbow On Tape. All the really good programs from the Rainbow! All the long ones ... so
you don't have to type them in. Just CLOAD and RUN!
ORDER RAINBOW ON TAPE TODAY!
HANDY ORDER CARD BETWEEN PAGES 34 and 35
80 the RAINBOW June, 1983
READ THE FINE PRINT.
It's worth your time. This is good stuff.
SYSTEMS SOFTWARE
BOOKS
MACRO-80C
This is a disk-based editor, macro assembler and
monitor, written for Color Computer by Andy Phelps.
THIS IS IT — The ultimate programming tool!
The powerful 2-pass macro assembler features condi-
tional assembly, local labels, include files and cross
referenced symbol tables. MACRO-80C supports the
complete Motorola 6809 instruction set in standard
source format. There are no changes, constraints or
shortcuts in the source language definition. Incor-
porating all of the features of our Rompack-based
assembler (SDS80C), MACRO-80C contains many
more useful instructions and pseudo-ops which aid
the programmer and add power and flexibility.
The screen-oriented text editor is designed for
efficient and easy editing of assembly language pro-
grams. The "Help Key" feature makes it simple and
fun to learn to use the editor. As the editor requires no
line numbers, you can use the arrow keys to position
the cursor anywhere in the file. MACRO-80C allows
global changes and moving/copying blocks of text.
You can edit lines of assembly source which are
longer than 32 characters.
DCBUG is a machine language monitor which allows
examining and altering of memory, setting break
points, etc.
The editor, assembler and monitor — as well as
sample programs — come on one Radio Shack com-
patible disk. Extensive documentation included.
MACRO-80C Price: $99.95
SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT SYSTEM
The Micro Works Software Development System
(SDS80C) is a complete 6809 editor, assembler and
monitor package contained in one Color Computer
program pack! Vastly superior to RAM-based
assemblers/editors, the SDS80C is non-volatile,
meaning that if your application program bombs, it
can't destroy your editor/assembler. Plus it leaves
almost all of 16K or 32K RAM free for your program.
Since all three programs, editor, assembler and
monitor are co-resident, we eliminate tedious
program loading when going back and forth from edit-
ing to assembly and debugging!
The powerful screen-oriented Editor features finds,
changes, moves, copys and much more. All keys have
convenient auto repeat (typamatic), and since no line
numbers are required, the full width of the screen
may be used to generate well commented code.
The Assembler features all of the following: complete
6809 instruction set; conditional assembly; local
labels; assembly to cassette tape or to memory;
listing to screen or printer; and mnemonic error codes
instead of numbers.
The versatile monitor is tailored for debugging pro-
grams generated by the Assembler and Editor. It
features examine/change of memory or registers, cas-
sette load and save, breakpoints and more. SDS80C
Price: $89.95
MICRO WORKS COLOR FORTH
• Forth is faster to program in than Basic
• Forth is easier to learn than Assembly Language
• Forth executes in less time than Basic
Forth is a highly interactive language like Basic, with
structure like Pascal and execution speed close to
that of Assembly Language. The Micro Works Color
Forth is a Rompack containing everything you need
to run Forth on your Color Computer.
Color Forth consists of the standard FORTH Interest
Group (FIG) implementation of the language plus
most of FORTH-79. It has a super screen editor with
split screen display. Mass storage is on cassette.
Color Forth also contains a decompiler and other aids
for learning the inner workings of this fascinating
language. It will run on 4K, 16K, and 32K computers.
Color Forth contains 10K of ROM, leaving your RAM
for your programs! There are simple words to effec-
tively use the Hi-Res Color Computer graphics, joy-
sticks, and sound. The 112-page manual includes a
glossary of the system-specific words, a full standard
FIG glossary and complete source listing. COLOR
FORTH . . . THE BEST! From the leader in Forth,
Talbot Microsystems. Price: $109.95
MICROTEXT: COMMUNICATIONS
VIA YOUR MODEM!
Make your Color Computer an intelligent printing
terminal with off-line storage! The Microtext module
is just what you'll need for:
— Talking to a timeshare system or information
service
— Printing out what is received as it is received
— Saving received text to cassette tape
— Re-displaying the received text even while
on-line
— Communications with other computers
— Using your computer as a general-purpose
300-baud terminal
— Downloading programs from other computers
The Microtext module is a program pack containing
not only firmware but a second serial port so that
both your printer and modem can be connected at the
same time. Microtext can be configured for any serial
printer that will work with the Color Computer, even if
it requires line feeds! But even if you don't have a
printer, you can keep a permanent copy of your data
by storing to cassette tape. Also, any Radio Shack/
Centronics-compatible parallel printer may be used
by adding the Micro Works' PI80C parallel interface.
For those of you with special terminal applications,
Microtext has selectable parity; it sends odd, even,
mark or space. With mark parity (which is default) you
can send to computers requiring either seven or eight
bits. All 128 ASCII codes can be sent. Exchange pro-
grams with other Color Computer users! Basic pro-
grams may be downloaded from other computers or
timesharing systems.
You'll find many uses for this versatile module!
Available in ROMPACK, ready-to-use, for $59.95.
MACHINE LANGUAGE
MONITOR TAPE: A cassette tape which allows you to
directly access memory, I/O and registers with a
formatted hex display. Great for machine language
programming, debugging and learning. It can also
send/receive RS232 at up to 9600 baud, including
host system download/upload. 19 commands in all.
Relocatable and reentrant. CBUG Tape Price: $29.95
MONITOR ROM: The same program as above,
supplied in 2716 EPROM. This allows you to use the
entire RAM space. And you don't need to re-load the
monitor each time you use it. The EPROM plugs into
the Extended Basic ROM Socket or the Romless Pak
I. CBUG ROM Price: $39.95
SOURCE GENERATOR: This package is a disas-
sembler which runs on the color computer and gener-
ates your own source listing of the BASIC interpreter
ROM. Also included is a documentation package
which gives useful ROM entry points, complete
memory map, I/O hardware details and more. A 16K
system is required for the use of this cassette. 80C
Disassembler Price: $49.95
6809 Assembly Language Programming, by Lance
Leventhal, $16.95
TRS-80 Coior Computer Graphics, by Don Inman,
$14.95
Assembly Language Graphics for the TRS-ffl Coior
Computer, by Don Inman, $14.95
Starting Forth, by L. Brodie, $19.95
GAMES
Star Blaster — Blast your way through an asteroid
field in this action-packed Hi-Res graphics game.
Available in ROMPACK; requires 16K. Price: $39.95
Pac Attack — Try your hand at this challenging game
by Computerware, with fantastic graphics, sound and
action! Cassette requires 16K. Price: $24.95
Haywire — Have fun zapping robots with this Hi-Res
game by Mark Data Products. Cassette requires 16K.
$24.95
Dunkey Munkey — Arcade excitement awaits those
who dare to conquer the Munkey! Joystick and 32K
required, by Intel lectronics. Cassette: $24.95
Colorpede — Great graphics, two-player option, and
pause control in this exciting game by Intracolor
Communication. Cassette requires 16K: $29.95
Adventure — Black Sanctum and Calixto Island by
Mark Data Products. Each cassette requires 16K:
$19.95 each.
Cave Hunter — Experience vivid colors, bizarre
sounds and eerie creatures in hot pursuit as you wind
your way through a cave maze in search of gold
treasures. This exciting Hi-Res game by Mark Data
Products requires 16K for cassette version. $24.95
Starflre — Fly around the planet defending Earthlings
from being snatched up by aliens in this challenging
game from Intellectronics. Cassette requires 16K:
$21.95
Doodle Bug — Joystick-controlled Doodle Bugs must
move quickly through mazes while being chased by
enemy bugs in Hi-Res game by Computerware.
Cassette requires 16K: $24.95
Astro Blast — You'll need to act fast as you protect
Earth from wave after wave of alien invaders in this
W-Res game by Mark Data. Cassette requires 16K:
$24.95
HARDWARE
PARALLEL PRINTER INTERFACE — Serial to parallel
converter allows use of all standard parallel printers.
PI80C plugs into the serial output port, leaving your
Rompack slot free. You supply the printer cable. PI80C
Price: $69.95
MEMORY UPGRADE KITS: Consisting of 411 6 200ns.,
integrated circuits, with instructions for installation.
4K16K Kit Price: $39.95. 16K-32K Kit (requires
soldering experience) Price: $39.95. For Rev. level E,
ET, NC and TDP-100S, we carry 64Kchips; upgrading is
easy! Eight prime 64K chips and instructions: $64.95
Romless Packs for your custom EPROMs — call or
write for information.
Ma 51 er Charged Visa Accepted
California residents add 6% la*.
P.O. BOX 1110. DEL MAR, CA 92014 [61 9) 942-2400
REBOAR
Give us your best: Join the ranks of these courageous CoCoists in showing the Color Computer world
your high score at your favorite micro-diversion. We want to put your best effort on record in the Rainbow's
Scoreboard column. All entries must be received by the first of the month to be eligible for the following
month's Scoreboard.
* New Number One
ft Last Month's Number One
SCORE
92,000 ★
75,314
63,000 ft
53,000
31,600
1 1 ,560 ft
5,345
5,000
10,250 *
10,070
6,150
25,510 ft
91,000 ★
65,768
42,600 *
61 ,700 *
10,250 ft
9,750
9,550
9,550
9,200
9,200
83,000 ft
149,000 ft
148,600
72,000
2,005,227
1 ,329,868
1,104,029
590,000
495,669
489,684
448,723
377,749
163,863
506.560
448,860
PLAYER
ASTRO BLAST
Harry Sawyer, Watchung, NJ
Mike Hall, Hartland, Wl
Cameron Amick, Reisterstown, MD
Peter Niessen, Carlisle, MA
David Rosicky, Pittsburgh, PA
AVENGER
Peter Niessen, Carlisle, MA
Craig Schubert, Newfoundland, NJ
Cameron Amick, Reisterstown, MD
BERSERK
Mike Anheluk, Fall Creek, OR
Harry Sawyer, Watchung, NJ
Steve Skrzyniarz, Tacoma, WA
BUSTOUT
Andy Klingler, San Diego, CA
CATCH 'EM
Dean Bouchard, Kingston, Nova
Scotia, Canada
Laura Sandman, Louisville, KY
CAVE HUNTER
Gary Ritchie, Bellevue, Alberta,
Canada
CLOWNS & BALLOONS
Dan Dowling, San Bruno, CA
COLOR HAYWIRE
Pat Downard, Louisville, KY
Andy Klingler, San Diego, CA
Alan Lewis, Ridgefield, CT
Murray Schechter, New York, NY
Dean Bouchard, Kingston, Nova
Scotia, Canada
Peter Stumpf, McHenry, IL
COLOR INVADERS
Cameron Amick, Reisterstown, MD
COLOR METEOROIDS
Cameron Amick, Reisterstown, MD
Harry Sawyer, Watchung, NJ
Herb Little, Fredericton, NB, Can-
ada
COLORPEDE
Jennifer Maxey, Kalamazoo, Ml
Russ Eubanks, Jay, ME
Gary Ritchie, Bellevue, Alberta,
Canada
Larry Seida, University of MN
Mike Anheluk, Fall Creek, OR
Andy Potter, Crofton, MD
Balinda Fortman, Flagstaff, AZ
Mike Hall, Hartland, Wl
Danny Burch, Louisville, KY
COLOR SCARFMAN
Russ Eubanks, Jay, ME
James Quadarella, Brooklyn, NY
446,000
427,160
388,060
1 93,000
27,500
10,399 ft
58,900 ★
48,160 ★
1 ,099,400
1 ,000,500
1,000,001
626,400
512,300
7,160 ★
ft Andy Klingler, San Diego, CA
Chantal Delorme, Actonvale, Que
bee, Canada
Michelle Thompson, Milipitas, MS
COLOUR PAC ATTACK
ft Cameron Amick, Reisterstown, MD
David Rosicky, Pittsburgh, PA
CONQUEST OF KZIRGLA
Scott Sehlhorst, Columbia, SC
DEFENSE
Greg Scott, Orlando, FL
DOUBLEBACK
Mary H. Thomas, Louisville, KY
DUNKEY MUNKEY
ft Andrew Herron, High Point, NC
Wendy Johnson, San Jose, CA
Grant Gillott, Calgary, Aberta,
Canada
Peter Niessen, Carlisle, MA
Harry Sawyer, Watchung, NJ
FROG TREK
Mike Anheluk, Fall Creek, OR
GALACTIC ATTACK
34,350 # Murray Schechter, New York, NY
31,780 ft Andy Klingler, San Diego, CA
30,350 Mark Raphael, Englishtown, NJ
28,000 Nathan Miller, Portland, OR
26,040 Warren Schubert, Newfoundland,
NJ
24,680 Hans Haimberger, Milton Freewat
er, OR
18,360 Doug Toombs, Rochester, NY
GHOST GOBBLER
825,250 ft Randy Gerber, Wilmette, IL
103,590 Harry Sawyer, Watchung, NJ
49,880 Steven Picone, Leomister, MA
INVADERS REVENGE
Harry Sawyer, Watchung, NJ
INVASION
Harry Sawyer, Watchung, NJ
KATERPILLAR ATTACK
Warren Schubert, Newfoundland,
NJ
12,100 Peter Stumpf, McHenry, IL
10,249 ft Cameron Amick, Reisterstown, MD
7,556 Peter Niessen, Carlisle, MA
THE KING
805,700 * Dave Mercer, Marissa, IL
486,500 Frank Bottino, St. Louis, MO
448,900 Alan Mack, Penn Yan, NY
346,000 Miles C. Langmacher, Minco, OK
319.000 ft Steve Skrzyniarz, Tacoma, WA
316,700 Brad Scoffin, Encinitas, CA
185,700 Larry Seida, University of MN
32,600 ★
82,000 ★
12,703 ★
ORE
5,500
6,900
9,900
2,236
9,901
9,546
8,942
8,781
7,801
7,235
6,732
19,700
10,400
13,570
5,620
4,680
963
.0,000
10,650
.8,640
£.000
7,000
5,000
180
>6,650
15,400
>7,240
19,480
>7,600
i2,300
)1 ,000
;9,455
>1,000
17,892
14,370
^6,000
^5,462
19,688
4,956
4,455
10,570
J6,000
PLAYER
Michael Rothman, Solon, OH
Alan Cox, Roseville, CA
KOSMIC KAMIKAZEE
* Mark Raphael, Englishtown, NJ
MEGA-BUG
* Claude Malepart, Montreal, Quebec
Canada
Beverly Cremer, Kempten, W. Ger-
many
Gary Ritchie, Bellevue, Alberta,
Canada
Russ Eubanks, Jay, ME
Ken Miller, Yardley, PA
Jen Teeter, Hawley, PA
Dick Teeter, Hawley, PA
Julie Teeter, Hawley, PA
MICROBES
* Sheila Coleman, Griffin, GA
Ken Miller, Yardley, PA
Greg Scott & Greg Shields, Orlan
do, FL
Russ Eubanks, Jay, ME
MR. MUNCH
* Alan Mack, Penn Yan, NY
MONKEY KONG
it Mark Dowling, San Bruno, CA
MONSTER MAZE
* Claude Malepart, Montreal, Que
bee, Canada
PAC ATTACK
ft Peter Niessen, Carlisle, MA
PAC DROIDS
ir Murray Schechter, New York, NY
James Quadarella, Brooklyn, NY
ft Peter Niessen, Carlisle, MA
PACET-MAN
ft Cameron Amick, Reisterstown, MD
PHANTOM SLAYER
* Mike Hall, Hartland, Wl
PINBALL
* Ken Miller, Yardley, PA
PLANET INVASION
Chris Sweet, Harvard, MA
Alan Mack, Penn Yan, NY
Steve Skrzyniarz, Tacoma, WA
Brian Bates
Greg Scott, Orlando, FL
POLARIS
* James Quadarella, Brooklyn NY
i% Alan J. Weiss, Summitt, NJ
Dan Dowling, San Bruno, CA
Sheila Coleman, Griffin, GA
David Rosicky, Pittsburgh, PA
Doug Toombs, Rochester, NY
Tom Disch, Brookfield, Wl
Matthew Breneugen, Lake Elmo,
MN
POLTERGEIST
it Mark Dowling, San Bruno, CA
Ken Miller, Yardley, PA
POPCORN
it Cameron Amick, Reisterstown, MD
James Quadarella, Brooklyn, NY
358,514 it
94,000
405,900 ★
565 ★
1:04.17 ft
1:13.16
1:13.25
6,700 ★
6,120
5,200 rir
103 ★
156,650 ★
1 24,660
120,880
97,500
53,030
62,300 ft
31,525 ★
594 ★
116,000 ft
21,628 *
408,245 ★
325,790
126,135
80,001
2,102,450 ★
1,320,150 *
618,400
464,700
68,500 it
64,800
723,335 *
380,000 &
69,710
60,265
2,152,150 *
1 ,526,200 *
344,550
313,250
81,800 ★
78 J 90
PROTECTORS
Cameron Amick, Reisterstown, MD
Gerry Schechter, Yonkers, NY
ROBOTTACK
Joseph Prisio, Oswego, NY
SHUTTLE SIMULATOR
John W. Fraysse, Dahlgren, VA
SKIING
Andy Klingler, San Diego, CA (No
Errors)
Doug Toombs, Rochester, NY
Cameron Amick, Reisterstown, MD
SKY DEFENSE
Mike Anheluk, Fall Creek, OR
Steve Skrzyniarz, Tacoma, WA
Cameron Amick, Reisterstown, MD
SOLO POOL
John W. Fraysse, Dahlgren, VA
SPACE ASSAULT
Nathan Miller, Portland, OR
Alan Mack, Penn Yan, NY
Murray Schechter, New York, NY
Alan Lewis, Ridgefield, CT
Warren Schubert, Newfoundland,
NJ
SPACE INVADERS
Peter Niessen, Carlisle, MA
SPACE RACE
Greg Scott, Orlando, FL
SPACE SHUTTLE
Steve Schweitzer, Sewell, NJ
SPACE WAR
Peter Niessen, Carlisle, MA
STARBASE ATTACK
Mark Raphael, Englishtown, NJ
STARBLASTER
Mark Dowling, San Bruno, CA
Mike Anheluk, Fall Creek, OR
Mike Hall, Hartland, Wl
Alan Lewis, Ridgefield, CT
STARFIRE
Dean Bouchard, Kingston, Nova
Scotia, Canada
Joy Bailey, Lexington, NC
Peter Stumpf, McHenry, IL
Cameron Amick, Reisterstown, MD
STARSHIP CHAMELEON
Cameron Amick, Reisterstown, MD
David Rosicky, Pittsburgh, PA
STORM
Chris Sweet, Harvard, MA
Cameron Amick, Reisterstown, MD
Steve Skrzyniarz, Tacoma, WA
Peter Niessen, Carlisle, MA
VENTURER
Greg Scott, Orlando, FL
Peter Niessen, Carlisle, MA
Steve Skrzyniarz, Tacoma, WA
David Glovinsky, Staten Island, NY
ZAXXON
Matt Cox, Roseville, CA
Steve Skrzyniarz, Tacoma, WA
June. 1983 the RAINBOW 83
How To 'Zonk Proof
Your Disk Directories
By Thomas F. Szlucha
If you own a Radio Shack disk drive for your Color
Computer, you will be interested in the following disk
utility program. If you are contemplating a disk drive in
the future f or your Color Computer, you may also be inter-
ested in this article because it may influence your choice of a
disk system.
A disk drive represents one of the ultimate peripherals
which can be added to the Color Computer. It allows almost
instant recall of programf iles and gives the ability to do real
data file handling on this computer. Although there are
several competing operating systems available, the Radio
Shack disk system represents a logical choice. It is the only
configuration that is supported by Tandy, but, perhaps
more important, the vast majority of independent software
developers support this operating system.
I have learned several things about the Radio Shack
Color Disk Drive after having made the logical choice of this
system. It features the advantage of having the operating
system stored on ROM rather than taking up valuable
RAM space. Also, the operating system is very "user
friendly;" you hardly know it is there until you need it to
store or retrieve a program. That is enough platitudes for the
Radio Shack Color Disk Drive, because this article is not
about what is right with this system but what is wrong with
it. This disk system has an inherent reliability shortfall
related to a random loss of the Directory. Track 17, the
middle track on the disk, contains vital information that the
operating system needs in order to access or save programs
and data files. This information is referred to as the Direc-
tory. The loss of information on this track which I and many
others using the Radio Shack drive system have experienced
is not completely understood. It appears that it may be due
to loose or dirty contacts in the interface connector. Since
the drive head rests over track 17 most of the time, spurious
signals to the drive controller can scramble the information
written in the Directory. Again, these failures are random
but when they do occur, they are fatal. The disk cannot be
accessed by normal means. All programs and data become
lost. The accompanying program can be used to eliminate
this problem by making a spare copy of the information in
the Directory ready for instant recovery of a zonked
Directory.
COPYDIR is written in Extended Color BASIC. It
makes a backup copy of track 17 onto track 0. When you run
the program, the computer first checks to see if track 0 is
being used f rom program storage. If the disk is only partially
full, it probably is not in use, because track 0 is one of the last
tracks written on as you fill a disk. If the track is not in use, a
special code (CHR$ 191) is put into byte 0 of sector 2 in track
1 7 to reserve track 0 f or the backup Directory. This sector in
the Directory is referred to as the File Allocation Table. You
can read about this in more detail in the Color Disk System
Owners Manual — Chapter 11.
After reserving track 0, you are presented with a short
menu asking whether you want to copy track 17 or restore
the Directory. Before you run the program to copy track 17,
consider if there is any data on track 0 from a previous
Directory copy run that you may have deleted from the
present Directory with a Kill command. COPYDIR can be
used to restore a previously deleted program if the data
relating to this program exists in the Directory copy. To aid
in this decision process, the program will scroll the informa-
tion on track 0 onto the screen. If you are not interested in
trying to restore a deleted program, then simply select
(C)opy 1 7. If you note a deleted program, be sure to examine
the normal Directory to see if there are any new programs
not listed in the backup copy of the Directory. If so, copy
them onto another disk for temporary storage or you will
lose them in the process of restoring the old Directory.
You will want to keep a copy of COPYDIR on all your
working disks and run it occasionally to keep your backup
up-to-date. When you need to restore a wrecked Directory
you will have to load COPYDIR from another disk. A
typical symptom of a wrecked Directory is an I/O error
response after issuing a DIR command. My experience with
the R.S. Color Disk system is that, with moderate use, disk
failures occur at the rate of about one to two a month.
Greater than 95 percent of these failures are caused by the
84 the RAINBOW June, 1983
■ ■■■■■■I
■ ■4hbIP%II
■ ■■'■'■■-■"■■"■"■■■■-*
■,'.v, i /.V, , ,'//.'.'.-. , v
■p'.Vi'.'.-iV/.'-V-'^-.V
_ ■ ■ * ■ i
'■'■■■1¥F"
III
ri" 1 I I 1 F 1
■ ■ ■ n n
I 1 4 P P ■ ■ ""Jl FF
■ ■ ■ ■■■■ ■ I I 4. F
h f n n - - -
■ * ■ ■ ■ q
"iV.'.'. - + ■
[l ■ H
■ ■■■11 p ■ ■ ■ ■ llll
■■.'.'.v ( v,'.'.v,;.;.v,;m
',-;v.'.v. .-, , . . . . i . < -
h I 1 J ■■■■ r I I ■ ■ .
I p ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ i I F 1 1
■ ■■ri+ + -P BB fc ■ ■
' ■ ■ ■ H h P ■ ■ ■
h I * F I
i ■ ■ i « " J ." J ."^".'» , . , . , i"i
■ ■ ■ ■ — ■ ■ i ip
■ ■ ■■ m fa I 1 PPI1"""" + '' ■ ■ ■
■.■:^^^^^:■:v^:':^v:':^v:^^v^
i'i'i 'n '
■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ri p I q q
«V^V.'.\ P , ,
v . H .' T v/,
■ t-PP*"--""" ■
4 HF" ■ ■■■H I
■ k ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ 4 I F ■
■ ■ t i I * + ■ ■ .■ . L _ r
E.UI1AR-ROVBR
LUNAR-ROVER PATROL - Guide your Lunar Rover along the moon's surface following every bump and
crevice as a barage of obstacles hinder your movement. No MOON-PATROL type features left out of this
game.
WHIRLYBIRD RUN - Your mission is to reach and destroy the enemy base hidden deep within the Tunnel
of Doom encountering missiles, saucers, and deadly gas clouds along the way. If you like SCRAMBLE, you
will love WHIRLYBIRD RUN.
For Orders Only
1-800-426-1830
except WA, AK, HI
Call or write for a
Business Office and
complete catalog
Information Call:
We accept VISA, MASTERCARD. AMERICAN EXPRESS.
Add 3% for shipping. NO CO D
All prices U.S. FUNDS.
WA residents add 7.8% sales tax.
SPECTRAL
ASSOCIATES
3416 South 90th Street
Tacoma, WA 98409
. . (206) 581-6938
Office open 8:30—4:30 P.S.T.
DEALER INQUIRIES INVITED
loss of the Directory track. This disk insurance comes at the
small penalty of requiring two out of 68 granules on the disk
needed for the program and Directory backup storage.
Type in this program very carefully. It would be a good
idea to practice on a scratch disk to assure that the program
is working error free. The DSKOS command used in this
program is very powerful and will destroy everything in its
track if its parameters are set incorrectly. To intentionally
wipe out the Directory in debugging the program, type in
and run:
10 A$ = " "
20 B$ = " "
30 DSKOS 0, 17, 2, AS, B4
After debugging this program and using it to backup the
directories, your confidence in program and data storage on
the Color Computer Disk system should be restored. After
applying this fix you should continue the normal practice of
maintaining backup copies of all your disks but triple or
quadruple backups (which I understand some frustrated
Color Computer owners are doing because of this disk
problem) are no longer needed.
1 70 0295
350 045C
END. . . 061B
The listing:
10 * DIRECTORY PROTECTION PROGRAM
20 * REV 1.1 02/07/83
25 * THOMAS SZLUCHA - PERSONAL CO
MPUTER CONSULTING - 14 GREAT GAR
LAND RISE, FAIRPORTpN.Y. 14450
40 CLEAR4000
50 CLS:PRINT8200 P "<C>OPY TRACK 1
7 <R>ESTORE DIRE
CTORY <E>ND
WHICH"; : INPUTR
60 IF R*="C" THEN GOSUB 150
70 IF R*«"R" THEN GOSUB 550
75 IF R»-"E" THEN 90
G0 GOTO 50
90 CLS : PR I NT9202 , "FINI SHED " : END
110 CLS: PR I NTS 195," SOMETHING ALR
EADY ON TRACK 0 RUN ABORTED":
END
120 CLS : PR I NTS 1 95 , " CANNOT RESTOR
E DIRECTORY TRACK 0 IS NO
T A COPY! ! RUN ABORTED":
Formerly distributed only by ZETA™
SOFTWARE, we have the original FOOTBALL
FORECASTER' with 1983 data base.
Available for 1 6K ZX-8 1 , T/S 1000 or 1 6K TRS-80
Color Computer. Spec ify NFL or College. Only
$19.95 each or $29.95 for both. Add $1.00
P&H. Ark. residents add 4% Tax
HAWG WILD SOFTWARE
P.O. Box 7668
Little Rock. Arkansas 72217
END
140 ' ROUTINE TO LOCK OUT TRACK
0 (GRANULE 0)
150 DSKI* 0, 17,2,A*,B*
160 IF LEFT* (A*, 1)-CHR*( 255) OR
LEFT* (A*, 1 ) -CHR* ( 191 ) THEN 200
170 OOTO110
200 A*-CHR* (191 > +RIGHT* ( A*, 127)
210 DSKO* 0, 17,2,A*,B*
215 ' ROUTINE TO VIEW TRACK 0
220 CLS: PR I NTQ 193, "THIS IS WHAT
IS PRESENTLY ON TRACK 0"
225 FOR T-1TP800:NEXT
230 FOR SN-1 TO 9
240 DSKI* 0 t 0 t SN t Dl* t D2*
250 PRINTD1*|D2*
260 FOR T-l TO 300: NEXT T
270 NEXT SN
280 CLS: PRINTS 195, "DO YOU WANT T
O COPY TRACK 17 TO TRACK 0 <
Y>/<N>"; : INPUT R*
290 IF R*-"Y" THEN 320
300 IF R*-"N" THEN 50
310 GOTO 280
315 * ROUTINE TO COPY TRACK 17 T
O TRACK 0
320 VERIFY ON
330 FOR SN-2 TO 10
340 DSKI* 0, 17,SN,D1*(SN-1) ,D2*(
SN-1)
350 NEXT SN
360 FOR SN-1 TO 9
370 DSKO* 0,0,SN,D1*(SN),D2*(SN)
380 NEXT SN
390 VERIFY OFF
400 RETURN
500 ' ROUTINE TO SEE IF TRACK 0
IS A DIRECTORY COPY
510 DSKI* 0,0,2,A*,B*
520 IF LEFT* (A*, IX >CHR* ( 191 ) TH
EN 120
540 ' ROUTINE TO RESTORE D I RECTO
RY
550 CLS : PR I NTS 1 95 , " READY TO REST
ORE DIRECTORY <Y>/<N>" I : INP
UT R*
560 IF R*-"N" THEN 50
570 IF R*-"Y" THEN 590
5G0 GOTO550
590 VERIFY ON
600 FOR SN-1 TO 9
610 DSKI* 0,0,SN,D1*(SN),D2*(SN)
620 NEXT SN
630 FOR SN-2 TO 10
640 DSKO* 0, 17,SN,D1*(SN-1) ,D2*(
SN-1)
650 NEXT SN
660 VERIFY OFF
670 RETURN
86 the RAINBOW June. 1983
' ^J&sStfHB? £>*B*TO3M ! £3*iifrT3$fl 3 £
LtfRGE CHARACTERS
FOP SMALL CHILDREN
OR THE VISUALLY
IMPAIRED
1£345678901£34567838:
ABCDEFGHIFKUimPQRSTU
VMXYZabcde fS)Ki Jk 1 ftnop
hi ■i|ilm 11
SOLUTION ON CARTRIDGE
The cartridge version of THE SOLUTION has all of the
features of the tape version and more. It works with all
of the graphic modes (including 4colors). It includes a
51 characters per line feature and the ability to define a
text window on the screen. All of this and much more
at the low price of — $34.95
ROM-PAKS $9.95
This is an empty Rom-Pak with a PC board. It will hold
either a 2716, 2732 or a 2764. The case looks very simi-
lar to Radio Shack's Rom-Pak. Comes complete with
instructions.
CUSTOM PROGRAMING
We will put your program in a Rom-Pak for you for a
very reasonable fee. The program can be either Basic
or machine language. Prices start at $19.95 for pro-
grams up to 4K in length. $29.95 for programs up to 8K.
Volume discounts are available. Send for a free sub-
mittal form.
*
Mm
SCRIPTFX $9.95
Are you tired of the upper case display of Color Scrip-
sit? Well then SCRIPTFX is for you. This is a program
which converts the display of Color Scripsit over to a
real display of upper and lower case letters with des-
cenders. The program allows all of the features of
Scripsit to function and comes with a money back
guarantee if it does not work. Please specify machine
type when ordering. Extended Basic is not required.
SUPER PILOT $9.95
An enhanced version of Pilot for use with Extended Basic.
Includes features for math, graphics, and sound. Has a
feature that makes it easy to create flash card type drill
programs. Programs are pseudo compiled for faster
execution. Comes with as 24 page tutorial manual and demo
programs. Sample program included on tape to get you
started.
All programs for 16K, 32K Extended Basic machines unless
otherwise noted. All programs on cassette. Add $4.00 per
order for disk.
DISCOUNT — order 10 or more programs (you may mix
types) and you will receive a 30% discount on the order.
Dealer discounts are also available.
SNAKE MOUNTAIN SOFTWARE
P.O. BOX 5722
RALEIGH, NC 27650
919-828-6669
Phone COD orders accepted.
fir
t f ''. i ' ■■ :■ t 1 .■
,; : i 1 i ? - '■ <i >'i
t L * l! I- '■> V '-■ T li V
- i \> ■:■ i - f '} •- ; *■
■ .■' '.-i T. ' ■ i
(* !
^ <.■ i> >
Gl0« 9 ratuJatt<ms
you made the right choice when you purchased a
Color Computer. It is a very powerful machine.
However the standard display format does not do the
machine justice. The machine is capable of much more than
16 lines of 32 all capital characters. Now you can give your
Color Computer the display it deserves. THE SOLUTION
gives the Color Computer a much better display than it nor-
mally has, and really makes the machine shine. Its features
include:
• provides a screen of 42 characters by 21 lines displayed
• linked directly to basic — program is transparent to the
user
• prints all 96 ASCII characters, lowercase characters
have descenders, has a slashed zero to avoid
confusion when programing
• prints characters on any two-color graphic screen
• graphics and text may be intermixed on the same screen
• special mode with 4 lines of text at the bottom of the
screen (just like some other famous color machines) —
great for working with graphics
• large character mode for small children or the visually
impaired
• character set may be reversed
• written in machine language, program is relocatable
• fast — prints at over 600 characters per second
• works with both cassette and disk
• includes a 20 page manual with demo programs (a lunar
lander program is included)
SOLUTION $19.95
EXTENDER $ 7.95
Still want more than 42 characters per line from your
computer. Then the EXTENDER is for you. This program
when used with THE SOLUTION will give a display of 51
characters per line by 21 lines displayed. Please include your
program serial number when ordering.
GRAPH LABEL $8.95
Have you ever wanted to place characters on a graphic
screen but couldn't find an easy way to do it. Well then
GRAPH LABEL is for you. This program will enable you to
place characters anywhere on a graphic screen. It will place
any of 96 ASCII characters on the screen or you may create
your own characters. It features a cursor that may be moved
anywhere around the screen with out rubbing out what it
goes over. Superscripts and subscripts may be used since
the cursor may be moved vertically and horizontally in steps
as small as one pixel. Lowercase characters have descend-
ers. GRAPH LABEL is written in Basic and is therefore easy
to modify. It may be used by itself or as a subroutine.
SCREEN PRINT PACKAGE $8.95
A package of 2 programs for use with the LPVII, LPVIII,
DMP100, DMP200, DMP400, DMP500. The programs will
print an image of what is on a graphic screen to the printer.
Both programs work with all the standard PMODEs. The
programs are written in machine language and may be
moved anywhere in memory. The two programs are:
1) SCREEN PRINT — will produce a regular size print. The
image may be located anywhere on a page.
2) DOUBLE SIZE SCREEN PRINT — this program will
produce a full size imagethat will fill up a sheet of paper. The
finished product is 8 by 6.5 inches in size. Your computer
graphics look really good when they are printed out with this
program.
SHIPPING — add $2.00 for orders lessthan $20.00. Shipping
is free on orders of more than $20.00.
Canadians — please send money orders only.
All orders shipped within 5 working days.
This Board Makes It Easy
To Use A Parallel Printer
Zarconian Marble:
Ultimate Strategy Game?
So you're thinking about buying a printer, but the one you
really have your eye on is parallel only and the serial inter-
face converter the company sells costs a couple of hundred
bucks?
If that printer is an Epson MX-80, then this plug-in serial
to parallel interface board is just the ticket. After all, it only
costs $49.95, which is a whole lot less than what the manu-
facturer wants for his board that, essentially, does the same
thing.
The Color Computer sends out serial signals from its
RS-232 port in the rear. The "basic" Epson accepts only
parallel signals. So, what is needed is a way to marry the two.
Enter this board. It will convert the serial signals to paral-
lel and, while it is at it, also allow you to set the baud rate on
the printer at anything between 300 (slow) and 4800 (fast).
This is a well-built piece of equipment which plugs into
the Epson without any problem. As a nice touch, it also
includes a plug which will fit right into the back of CoCo
— so there is no need to buy a special cable of any kind.
There are several DIP switches which need to be set before
operating the new board, but these are a bonus rather than a
drawback, since they allow you the flexibility to operate
your printer no matter whether you have the basic Epson,
Epson with GRAFTRAX or with GRAFTRAX-PLUS.
In short, installation is easy and the product performs
perfectly. That, plus the ability to change the baud rate,
makes this a fine buy at considerable savings over the official
Epson board's price.
One final note: If you operate the printer at a speed either
greater or less than 600 baud, you will have to POKE the
new baud rate into your CoCo as well. No great difficulty
— a simple POKE will do it.
(Spectrum Projects, 93-15 86th Drive, Woodhaven, NY
11421, $49.95)
Have you parents out there ever found your children
couldn't play a strategy game because they couldn't under-
stand it? Do you get tired of complicated wargames or
games of destruction? If you like simple-to-learn games such
as chess, checkers, and tic-tac-toe, you will enjoy Zarconian
Marble.
I enjoy strategy games, but I usually either get bored
because they are too easy, or frustrated because they are too
complex. When I received Zarconian Marble and saw the
"Ultimate Strategy Game" advertisement, I thought, "Oh,
oh, sounds like a toughie!" I was soon proven completely
wrong.
Zarconian Marble is a graphic game made up of a combi-
nation of chess, checkers, and tic-tac-toe. There are three
levels of difficulty, and you can either play against a friend,
against the computer, or have the computer play against
itself. The game board resembles a checkers or chess board
with the exception that you move (place) your game pieces, a
blue or red dot, to any board space which is not already
occupied. A player moves his marbles with the right or left
joystick. The right joystick selects what game and skill level
will be used. Joystick control is a little shaky at first, but you
will easily become accustomed to it.
The game is won when you or your opponent line up five
marbles or make five captures. I won't reveal the "secret" of
a capture. You can find out for yourself.
The program has very good sound effects for a "capture"
and pretty good graphics. While the game is easy enough f or
young children to play, it is still challenging enough f or most
adults. I personally found this game to be most enjoyable.
(CoCoHut, P.O. Box 24451, Houston, TX 77015, cassette
$19.95, disk $24.95, 16K ECB)
—Dave Mercer
Maintains :
1
8 Generations
Ancestors
Points :
Pedigree Chart
Family Groups
iRef. Index
11
Requires :
32K - ECB
RAINBOW
88 the RAINBOW June, 1983
Four smart ways
to make your Atari 400/800,
TRS-80 COLOR, VIC-20 and Commodore 64
much more inteUtaent.
r 1
- , -- - ■
z
3
4
The Color Accmmtanl pays
Easier
AA^tt^afS^ ^; tie
&£Mi&|^
&rr$^^^
; dat^ input ^% m qnthH ^
■ ■ ■ r-* ■■■■ ■ 77-- ■■■ ■■ ■ ■ v
: ?
:^^set^ tor ^OHSQ
£Wy^^^ : .$
or a sin^e cass^te to i
Order now! See your local dealer or order direct. New catalog S2.00. Visa and MasterCard accepted—
ptease add $2.00 for postage and handling.
Catl tofl free!
1-800-334-SOFT
DEALER INQUIRIES INVITED
progranimers
a division of FUTUMS HOUSE — dept. r
p.o. lx»x 3470, chapel hill, north Carolina S7514, 919-967-0861
l
^ ' -
r.-<
By Don Inman
Rainbow Contributing Editor
For those of you who are concerned with the serious
side of computer graphics, we will consider some
applications to trigonometry this month. In the past
few articles in this series, we have been working in the first
quadrant of the Cartesian coordinate system. The normal
origin of the screen's Y-axis was inverted so that the two
systems would correspond visually.
0 /
191
J
Normal Computer
Screen
Cartesian
System
Inverted Computer
Screen
In this article, we'll consider the first and fourth quadrants
of the Cartesian system. The Y-axis will have its origin near
the center of the screen with positive values upward and
negative values downward.
+
0
quadrant I
+
quadrant IV
I'll choose a screen value of Y=90 for the Cartesian Y
origin. This is reasonable since 90 is a nice round number
that is approximately one-half the full screen value of 191.
The normal screen value of Y=0 will be +90 for the Carte-
sian system, the screen value of Y=90 will become 0 Carte-
sian, and the screen value of Y=l 80 will become — 90 Carte-
sian. A table of Cartesian Y values can be calculated from
the screen values by the equation:
Ycart = 90 — Yscreen
Screen
Cartesian Y
' ■■■■■■■
0
"— " - «H
+90
JO
+80
20
+70
30
+60
40
+50
50
^40
60 ,
+30
- 70
+20
80
+ 10
90 ,
0
100
10
110
20
120
—30
130
40
140
■ -50
150
-60
160
..... 70
170. '•'
-80
, 180
The two Cartesian quadrants will be used to graphically
display trigonometric functions such as sine and cosine. The
X-axis will be used to represent angle rotation from 0
through 27r radians. The Y-axis will be scaled to represent
multiples of the magnitude of the trigonometric function.
You may remember your high school or college math
courses that required calculating and plotting such func-
tions by hand. The Color Computer can be used to take all
the drudgery and detail out of such chores.
90 the RAINBOW June, 1983
Ycart.
Planning the Program
It is helpful to think of such a pro-
gram as a series of short fundamental
blocks, or modules, before starting
haphazardly into writing program
statements. Such thought also results in
a more orderly program that others can
understand. I call mine a "Sloppy Joe"
diagram to avoid an open attack by
flowchart purists.
Block 1 - SET VP
In the first Hint It, a graphic mode wilt be *et up
Vihh black Im-eground lints on a cyan back-
ground in high resolution The axes uii! be
drawn with 10 tsCale marks along I he po$j:ive and
negative Y-axis audi foL=i icale mark* along the
X^iuiis. Two uvtayx Vi-M be dimensioned to bold
i-jlcidaied values 1\>r SIN acid COS.
X
Bluek 2 ™ C AU ULATL
Art appropriate iTKhj^fiC wtSl hftihfiijsyrd on thur
ttXE saetn y> the computcE fjlculnct's the SIN
anil COS velI-jcs in he pkM-iud. Sound may bi:
used isk^^wilhy visual uourrer ot Ihc p^. : i rs e ^ +i ^
thes- eir: t\l k-n'.ii ltd.
T
SUBROUTINES
Set Y EoSL\ value
Scl Y i ti COS value
Set Y to SlNi+COS value
Set Y to SIN-COS value
,S«i Y to COS-SIN value
1
_.. . . . .J
r
Blofii 3 - MEN I
, A menu i*iit be prourf^l nn tbr texl scr^n .so
-Ml tin 1 thu user car* thotJhC itif- particular curve to . ''
be pt&Ucd. Ontiitni should pr ovule tin exit I'm in
ItJS- prugrarfi.
\
r
Block 4 — PLOT POINTS
'turn on the graphics screen. Ii immediately
shnwstheajtes which were drawn L ra Block 1. I he
■ curve chosen in BJock 3 is thet PSET from lite
points chosen by the appropriate subroutine
ietet mined by she merit: choice.
A return will then he made to rhe menu foi
another selection. Previously u>a«T, graphs Will
remain on the graphics screen so that you may
see curves overlaid on others J
Writing The Program
Now that the blocks have been defined, the program
becomes much easier to write.
Block 1
99 REN * SET UP *
100 PMODE 4,1
110 PCLS 1 : COLOR 0
120 DIM YA(240) y YB<240>
130 LINE (0,0>-(0, 180) ,PSET
140 LINE (0, 90) -(240,90) ,PSET*
1S0 FOR Y-0 TO 180 STEP 9
160 LINE<0,Y)-<9 ( Y>,P8ET
170 NEXT Y
1B0 FOR X-0 TO 240 STEP 60
190 LINE<X,B9)-tX,9S>,P8ET
200 NEXT X
Block 2
299 REH » CALCULATE *
300 CLS: PR I NT 038, "PLEASE WAIT"
310 PR I NTS 102, "I'M THINKING"
320 FOR X-0 TO 240
330 PRINTB203,X
340 PLAY W L299|3"
390 TH-X/38.2
360 YA<X)-90-S0*SIN<TH>
370 YB<X)-90-90*COS<TH>
300 NEXT X
390 '
Block 3
399 REH # NENU *
400 CLS
410 PRINT 013, "MENU"
420 PRINT039, "CHOOSE BY NUMBER"
430 PR I NTS 1 03 , " 1 . PLOT SIN"
440 PRINTS 139, "2.
490 PR I NTS 167, "3.
460 PR I NTS 199, "4.
470 PRINTS231,"5.
480 PRINTS263, "6.
490 AS-""
900 A*-INKEY4: IF AS-"" THEN 900
910 IF AS-"6" THEN END
920 '
Block 4
399 REM # PLOT POINTS*
600 SCREEN 1,0
610 FOR X-0 TO 240
620 ON VAL <AS) BOSUB 1000,1100.1
200,1300,1400
630 P8ET<X,Y,0>
640 NEXT X
690 A*-""
660 AS-XNKEY*: IF AS—"" THEN 660
400
PLOT COS"
PLOT 8IN+C08"
PLOT SIN-COS"
PLOT COS-SIN"
QUIT"
Comments
hi-res
black on cyan
arrays
Y-axis
X-axis
Y scale marks
X scale markers
allow space between
blocks
message on text screen
point number (0-240)
play note
angle in radians
2 /240 38.2
r
scale by 50; convert
to Cartesian; store
clear text screen
print menu
make choice
THE END if 6 is
chosen
turn on graphics
get points and PSET
A70
any key returns to menu
June, 1983 ths RAINBOW 91
Subroutines
999 REM *• 8IN »»
10*0 Y-YA<X>
1010 RETURN
1020; »
1099 REH ** COS
1100 Y»YB«X>
1110 RETURN
1120 »
1199 REH ** SIN+COS #*
1 200 Y*VA i X > +YB { X ) ^90
1210 RETURN
1220 '
1299 REN *• SIN-COS *
1300 Y-YA < X )-YB< X 1+90
1310 RETURN
1399 REM ** COS-SIN *<
1400 Y*YB <X)-YA<X>+90
1410 RETURN
Comments
pick Y from array
pick Y from array
modify sum for
screen .
mddify difference
modify difference
Program Operation
It should be remembered that you can shift back and forth
between the text and graphics screens without destroying
either one since they are located at different places in
memory. The X and Y axes are drawn in Block 1 even
though you don't see it being done. The graphics screen is
KALEIDOSCOPIC CREATIONS
PRESENTS
SCRAWBjCe
AN AMAZING NEW WORD GAME
FOR 2 TO 4 PLAYERS THAT
CHALLENGES THE INTELLECT.
WILL YOU HAVE THE "SMARTS"
TO UNSCRAMBLE THE MESS?
FOUR DIFFICULTY LEVELS.
FUN FOR ALL AGES.
GREAT AT PARTIES.
16K NON-EXT. TAPE
©
SEND $15.95 (DELIVERY INCL.) TO
KALEIDOSCOPIC CREATIONS
P.O. BOX 1284
MELROSE PARK, IL 60160
FOR THE TRS 80 COLOR COMPUTER
RAiNBOW
CI»t"C»TiON
tut
not displayed until you give the SCREEN command.
The sine and cosine values are all calculated and placed in
separate arrays in Block 2. You could calculate them at the
time that they are plotted, but the plots are drawn more
quickly if the points have been pre-calclilated. The value of
50 in lines 360 and 370 are merely scale factors and can be
changed to produce whatever magnitude you desire to dis-
play. The value 90 is the conversion factor used to make the
Y origin appear to be near the center of the screen.
The menu in Block 3 allows you to choose the curve of
your choice. Other combinations could be used with an
appropriate change in the related subroutine. Since Block 4
will always return you to the menu, choice number 6 gives
you a chance to stop when you have seen enough.
Block 4 plots the points by going to the subroutine corres-
ponding to your menu choice. If you wish to plot fewer
points, add a STEP value to line 610. For example:
610 FOR X = 0 TO 240 STEP 2
would plot only the even numbered points (0,2,4 . . . 240).
After the curve has been plotted the graphic screen stays on
until you press a key. A return is then made to themenu. The
plots that you have previously made stay on the screen. Keep
in mind that CLS clears only the text screen, and PCLS
clears only the graphics screen.
The subroutines supply the Y values to be plotted by
picking the appropriate values from the arrays. The SIN
subroutine uses array YA, and the COS subroutine uses
array YB. The others perform the appropriate arithmetic
and necessary screen adjustments.
SIN+COS = YA + YB —90
= [90-50*SIN(TH)] + [90-50* COS(TH)] —90
= 90 — 50*(SIN(TH)+COS(YH)
SIN-COS = YA — YB + 90
= [90-50*SIN(TH)] — [90-50* COS(YH)] +90
= 90-50(SIN(TH)-COS(TH))
COS-SIN = YB — YA + 90
= [90-50* COS(TH)] — [90-50*SIN(YH)] +90
= 90-50*(COS(TH)-SIN(TH))
Other Options
If you have a printer and a screen dump program, you can
make hard copies of various combinations of the trigono-
metric functions. If you would like to see the values f or each
point for the various functions you can add the appropriate
print statements. You might want to add a print option to
the menu, as:
7) PRINT FUNCTIONS
Line 620 would then need another GOSUB value (1500),
and a subroutine that would print the data in the desired
format.
The SIN / COS plots shown with this article were dumped
to an Epson MX-80 printer by a program from Custom
Software Engineering, which carries the Rainbow Certifica-
tion Seal. The following listing includes lines 10 through 30
and 700 through 720 to handle the screen dumps. I modified
line 510 (the QUIT selection) of the original program to call
a screen dump after the appropriate functions had been
plotted. Theref ore, a QUIT selection f rom the menu actually
sends the computer to the screen dump before ending.
The machine language screen dump is loaded from the
BASIC program by lines 1 0-30. Line 7 1 0 deletes lines 1 0 and
92 the RAINBOW June, 1983
PRICKLY- PEAR SOFTWARE
QUALITY PROGRAMS FOR YOUR COCO & TDP-100
PROGRAMS REQUIRE 16K EXTENDED BASIC FOR TAPE, AND 32K DISK UNLESS OTHERWISE NOTED.
Flight
If you'd like to fly a plane then this is what you've been
waiting for. A really good graphics oriented flight simulator
in high resolution. Four difficulty levels let you go from
student level to a difficult instrument-only landing. In front
of you on the screen are your instruments, and above
them are two representations of your plane in relation to
the flight path (top and side views). At the higher levels all
you have to go by are the instruments. Can you put it down
on the runway to hear the synthesized voice from the
tower say "perfect landing"? It's tough! You use your
joystick just like the control stick on a plane, and the action
is realistic indeed. This program was written by a pro-
fessional flyer — a pilot for a major United States air carrier,
and the high standards of professionalism really show.
Just CLOADM and take to the skies!! Requires 32K
extended. TAPE is $19.95 — DISK is $24.95
A Partial List of Prickly-Pear Programs
Astrology, Gangbusters, Household Helper,
Fantasy Gamer's Package, Viking, Football,
Preread I, II & III, Mathpac I, Tarot, I Ching,
Numerology, The Great Word Game, The 80C
Songbook, Phonics I, Phonics 2, Flight, Las
Vegas Weekend, The 8-Bit Bartender, The
Fantasy Master's Secretary, Monsters & Magic,
Topsy Turvy, Galactic Patrol, Blockade, Sea
Wars, Jungle, Spanish . . .
If you are running a disk system, we suggest that you order
the disk version, because the cassette version will notrun
on a disk system without modification or disconnection of
the disk controller. The above disk programs require 32K
Ram.
RAINBOW
CtftTlFICATIOM
MAI
Your Personal check is welcome - ho delay. Include
$1.50 shipping for each program ordered. (Shipping free
on $50.00 or larger orders). Az. residents add 6% sales
tax. Orders shipped within two days.
Viking!
A simulation for 1 to 4 persons. Each begins as a land-
owner, and by farming their land, buying and selling land,
expanding their fishing fleet, building on to their manu-
factory, increasing their population, equiping and training
more soldiers, and regulating theirtaxes,each player tries
to increase their economic power and rank until one
becomes ruler over all. But beware plagues, rats, raiders,
revolts, bad weather, and other misfortunes which may lie
along the road to success. As you progress, seethe mapof
your holdings increase. Playable in 1 to 2 hours, and
different every time, you may have an addiction problem.
$19.95 tape — $24.95 disk
Gangbusters
If you ever wanted to try a life of crime, this is yourchance.
You will start out as a Punk, but by using brains, and a little
muscle, you can rise to become a Hood, Runner, Bookie,
Torpedo, Fence, Kingpin, or win by becoming Syndicate
Boss. Indulge yourself. Bribe a judge, or the District
Attorney. Pay off the Cops. Take out a contract on another
player, but watch out, they may be afteryou. Buy trucking
companies, bootleg operations, houses of ill fame, but
remember, if you get caught, you may do some hard time.
Do you havewhat ittakestotakeover?Thisgamewill keep
you close to your rod, get you thinking about bulletproof
glass in your car, and definitely bring out the worst in you,
but you'll love every minute of it. For 2 to 6 players, takes
about 2 hours to play. Every game is excitingly different.
$19.95 tape — $24.95 disk
Stocked by Quality Dealers, or
Send Order To: PRICKLY-PEAR SOFTWARE
9822 E. Stella Road
Tucson, Arizona 85730
(602) 886-1505
20 after the program runs the first time. In this way, the
program will not try to load the machine language program
on subsequent runs. Once it is in memory, there is no need to
load it again.
340 016F
610. .. . 02FD
END .... 0459
The Listing:
89 REM *** SIN/COS PLOT ***
90 '
99 REM * SET UP *
100 PMODE 4,1
110 PCLSl: COLOR 0
120 DIM YA(240>,YB(240>
130 LINE (0,0)-(0, 180), P8ET
140 LINE (0,90) -(240, 90), P8ET
150 FOR Y-0 TO 180 STEP 9
160 LINE(0,Y)-(9,Y),P8ET
170 NEXT Y
160 FOR X-0 TO 240 STEP 60
190 LINE(X,B5)-(X,95),P8ET
200 NEXT X
210 '220
9
REM * CALCULATE *
CLS: PRINT838, "PLEASE WAIT"
PRINT8102,"I'M THINKING"
FOR X-0 TO 240
PRINT8203, X
PLAY"L255|3"
TH-X/38.2
Y A ( X ) -90-90*8 I N ( TH )
YB ( X ) -90-S0*COS ( TH )
NEXT X
9
300
310
330
340
360
370
380
390
400
410
420
REM * MENU *
CLS
PRINT 813, "MENU"
PRINT839, "CHOOSE BY NUMBER 1
Sample Runs with Screen Dump
t-
L
V/
t
h-
H
SIN
L ^
L. y x
- / \
r?
^_
\
■ H
X" " " f-
-fr-
*~ \
^ ■■.
l.SIN
2. COS
3. SIN+COS
L - f N
_ ^ -\
/
j" ■. "■
—/
V — ■
h
—
K
1. SIN
2. COS
3. SIN-COS
r
430 PRINT8103,"1. PLOT SIN"
440 PRINT8139,"2. PLOT COS"
450 PRINT8167, "3. PLOT SIN+COS"
460 PRINT8199,"4. PLOT 8IN-C08"
470 PRINT8231, "5. PLOT COS-SIN"
480 PRINT8263, "6. QUIT"
490 A*-""
500 A*-INKEY*:IF A*-"" THEN 500
510 IF A*-"6" THEN END
520 '
599 REM * PLOT POINTS*
600 SCREEN 1,0
610 FOR X-0 TO 240
620 ON VAL(A*> 808UB 1000,1100,1
200 f 1 300 f 1 400
630 PSET(X,Y,0)
640 NEXT X
650 A*-""
660 A*-INKEY«: IF A»- " " THEN 660
ELSE 400
670 '
999 REM ** SIN **
1000 Y-YA(X)
1010 RETURN
1020 '
1099 REM ** COS **
1100 Y-YB(X)
1110 RETURN
1120 '
1199 REM ** SIN+COS **
1200 Y-YA ( X ) +YB ( X ) -90
1210 RETURN
1220 '
1299 REM *• SIN-COS *•
1300 Y-YA ( X ) -YB ( X ) +90
1310 RETURN
1320 '
1399 REM ** COS-SIN *•
1400 Y-YB(X)-YA(X)+90
1410 RETURN
l.SIN
2. COS
x-
L
L
- 2
1. SIN
2. COS
3. COS-SIN
v
r
r-
i-
I-'- -V
f?
-1
I
L.'
l.SIN
2. COS
3. SIN+COS
4. SIN-COS
5. COS-SIN
94 the RAINBOW June, 1983
COLOR CATERPILLAR by the Rugby Circle, Inc. ®1983
An ecological system out of control; the last survivors ban together in
the valley. Of the predator insecta the caterpillar remains as the worst
menace because of its amazing ability to reproduce From your mobile
post, your guns are aimed at the moving target: a raging caterpillar
splits in two with each half going in opposite directions. Even if, in your
persistence, you manage to destroy the creature, another one appears
one segment longer than the previous caterpillar. Adopting to its hostile
environment, if the caterpillar reaches the valley below without attack-
ing you, he tronsforms into a killer moth. Your survival instincts are not
nearly so advanced as those of your foe.
Snatch up this survival epic. A challenging fast-action, Machine
language, arcade-style game. You' II need plenty of practice. Rated the
best arcade simulation of Its type. Requires 1 6K memory forthe cassette
version Only $19.95
DEATH TRAP the Rugby Circle. Inc. ®1983
To satisfy your insatiable hunger for wealth, you have set out to explore
the ancient ruins of a lost civilization. Protected by your armor- plated
tank, you amble through the twisted remains searching for hidden
treasures. As you explore the complicated Death Trap which extends far
beyond the horizon, your energy supply continually diminishes forcing
you to consume the existing fuel mines. Barring your path are various
deterrents which, among other things, destroy tanks, award points,
supply maps, and teleport your tank to unknown regions of the Death
Trap.
Death Trap is a totally unique concept It is a hybrid game employing
the graphics of an arcade game and the excitement of an adventure
game, yet requiring the concentration of a strategy game. A great
investment! You'll never tire of exploring the immense, seemingly
endless maze, and you can look forward to a number of new Death Trap
mazes in the future! Requires 16K memory and is written entirely in
Machine language Only $19.95
ETT (Electronic Typing Teacher)
Learn the RIGHT WAY - FAST!
Video Keyboard Guides Beginners —
• Finger Exercises SHOW & TEACH every Finger- Letter combination
• Self- Tests Help Beginners & Challenges Experts!
• 10 Page Student Manual & Self Study Course
• Hundreds of Practice Sentences
• 19 Skill-Building Practice Sets as DATA FILES
• Create your own data files for your own usage
Written by a Certified Teacher and a Professional Programmer. For the
Radio Shack* & TDP-100* Color Computers. Requires 16K minimum and
Extended BASIC. If you need to learn to type, don't miss this super
program. Only $19.95
MASTER CONTROL II - New & Improved!
Copyright °1982 Soft Sector Marketing, Inc. Written by Alan Schwartz.
TAKE CONTROL . . OF BASIC PROGRAMMING ON YOUR TPS-COLOR OR
TDP100 MACHINE.
Master Control is a Machine language program designed to increase
the speed in which it takes to write BASIC programs, by providing the
most commonly used program statements with two(2) keystrokes rather
than having to type the entire command. The program is relocatable
and can be placed anywhere in memory, normally the top 1616 bytes
of RAM. it will work on 16 K and 32K systems. All of the instructions are
compatible with the Radio Shack Disk Controller,
OVERVIEW
1 . 51 preprogrammed command keys of standard and Extended
BASIC commands.
2. Direct control of motor, trace and audio functions
3. Relocatable Machine code, now works with disk systems.
4. Automatic line numbering, starting pointand Increment are alterable.
5. Programmable custom key, you can select your own special function.
6. Direct run key, run the program as you write It.
7. Plastic keyboard overlay for easy program use.
8. Easy entry of commands into program statements.
9. New, complete, easy to understand instruction manual.
10. Repeat keyboard function on all keys.
Requires 16K. Does not require Extended BASIC (Extended BASIC is
required for some functions.)
Introductory Otter - Cassette #0-79 $19.95
ATTENTION PRESENT OWNERS
OF MASTER CONTROL -
If you have the original MASTER CONTROL program, you can update to
the newest version for only $8.00 plus shipping and handling. To get this
low cost update do the following:
1 ) Remove the corner of your old foil overlay that has the words MASTER
CONTROL on it.
2) Paste it to a piece of paper.
3) Send this piece of paper and your original MASTER CONTROL tape with
$8.00 for the update and $2.00 for shipping and handling to:
Master Control Update
c/o Soft Sector Marketing, Inc.
P.O. Box 340
Garden City, Michigan 48136
We must have all the above to process your update
COLOR GRAPHICS EDITOR
'^1983 Soft Sector Marketing, Inc. Written by Larry Ashmun.
AT LAST, a graphics drawing program that is USEFUL in writing programs
that use graphics.
This program permits the creation of graphic pictures on the screen that
can be saved to disk in the form of DATA STATEMENTS for DISK BASIC, or in
the form of FDB STATEMENTS, for use with a disk based Editor/Assembler
(eg. MICRO WORKS MACRO 80C). It albws two type of data entry,
testing of animation effects and many additional features.
Written in Machine language, requires Extended BASIC or RS Disk
BASIC and a minimum of 16K of memory. Works with cassette or disk.
Cassette #0-2 1 1 $19.95
OKI-PRINT ®1983 by Craig Edelheit
DUMP SCREEN GRAPHICS FROM YOUR RADIO SHACK TRS-80* OR TDP1 OCT
COLOR COMPUTER TO AN OKIDATA MICROLINE 82A SERIAL DOT MATRIX
PRINTER. 256 x 192 HIGH RESOLUTION.
OKI-PRINT is a BASIC language program that is designed to do high
resolution screen dumps from a RadioShackorTDP100 Color Computer,
to an Okidata 82A printer. OKI-PRINT will dump any PMODE M.P (M =
MODE. P = PAGE). If the PMODE is 1 or 3 (which are color modes) the
printer will attempt to shade the different colors in lighter and darker
intensities of black in order to make them more recognizable. Requires
16K Extended BASIC.
. .. Cassette #0-23 $12.95
SOFT SECTOR MARKETING,
INCORPORATED
6250 Middlebelt • Garden City, Michigan 481 35
Order Line 800-521 -6504
Michigan Orders & Questions 313-425-4020 ,
P4VMENT-ciavmentacceptedbvct^orge.p$f$onoiche<;
or COD. only, under the following conditions Charges
processed when shipped, usually withm48 nours Personal
Checks delqy shipping; pending 3 weeks to clear C.O.D.
orders are certified Greek or cash only, add S1 50. Ml residents must add 4% sates tax
SHIPPING * HANDLING - Shipping Charges: Send the larger amount, 2% or S2 50. unless
stipuiarea atheiwise Any oraer recetvedwithout shipping ana hanaimgwill Pe shipped freight
collect Air Mail Shipping outside of North America, please sena the larger amount: 10% or
S10 00 Overpayment will be refunaed. a
®
PRODUCTS FOR THE
COMPUTERWARE
COLOR COMPUTER
Radio Shack or TDP-100
HOME & WORK
HOME & WORK
HOME & WORK
3D DRAWING BOARD
Draw a simple or complex
object in three dimensions,
then rotate, change
elevation, size & distance of
your object. Educational &
entertaining. Extensive
documentation, including
examples & sample
drawings,
cassette. . .$24.95
disk. . .$29.95
ADDRESS FACTORY
Computerize your mailing
list for church, business, or
clubs. This stores Name,
Address, City, State, Zip, &
Special Code for each
person. You can add,
change, or delete
information and print either
mailing labels or lists. 255
names on disk, 125 on 32K
cassette, or 55 on 16K
cassette.
cassette. . .$17.95
disk. . .$22.95
Color i. .v.
[Connection
THE COLOR
CONNECTION
This is the easiest iand most
complete modem package
available for the Color
Computer.
* Supports both full & half
duplex
* You designate the
required parity
* MACROS for log-on &
auto dial
* Requires only 16K
* Big buffer for upload &
download
* Line wrap does not break
words
* 300 baud
cassette. . .$29.95
disk. . .$39.95
I
SEMI DRAW
Your computer's keyboard
or joystick draws in 8 colors
with semi alpha graphics 8,
12, 24. You can do
animation and dump your
screen's picture to a printer
(Line Printer VII or VIII,
NEC 8023A). From 6 years
and up!
cassette. . .$21.95
COLOR SCRIBE
WORD PROCESSOR
Scribe is the perfect word
processor as well as a great
programmer's editor.
Features include: fast
change, search, insert, &
delete; move & copy of a
line or whole paragraphs;
text formatting with margin
justification, automatic
paging, centering, tabs,
headings, & footings. You
can edit files larger than
memory. Works with LCA-
47 lower case adapter.
Radio Shack Disk. . .$49.95
COLOR DATA
ORGANIZER
CDO is a little data base
system for small inventory
ideas, remember lists, serial
numbers, etc. It stores,
retrieves, sorts, prints, &
totals whatever you want
within the two 9 digit
numeric and two 16
character string entries,
cassette. . .$19.95
disk. . .$29.95
FINANCE PROGRAMS
Two great programs, each
with nine options covering
loans and investments,
cassette. . .$17.95
disk. . .$22.95
HOME MONEY
MANAGER
Organize your income &
expenses! Not only can you
balance your checkbook
but get reports like
summary of expenses or
income for the month by
category. Records up to 480
transactions by date, "paid-
to", check number, account
number, and amount,
cassette. . .$19.95
COLOR
COMPUTER
Memory Expansion
Books • Supplies
Accsssorlss
TO ORDER:
Add shipping of
$2 surface or $5
air/Canada. Visa
& MasterCard
accepted.
Dealer Inquires Invited
OMPUTERWARE
®
Computerware is a trademark of Computerware.
call or write
Box 668
Encinitas, Ca. 92024
(619) 436-3512
FUN & GAMES
FUN & GAMES
FUN & GAMES
PAC ATTACK
1-
-_□
CT-j
-a
51
-
fa
BE AMAZED J
Jl J
CAJMLKM1
PAC ATTACK
Bring arcade fun to your
home'. Three little rare earth
muggers chase your man
relentlessly around a
maddening maze as you
furiously try to eat up
points. Three levels of
difficulty and great graphics
with sound!
cassette. .$24.95
disk. . $29.95
MAZERACE &
CAPTURE THE FLAG
Two great games in one
package! Mazerace is a
board type game of chance
& strategy. The hexagon
matrix is filled with paths &
obstacles. You must reach
the other side before your
opponent. Capture the Flag
is similiar but runs in real
time and has a different
field. You can play with a
friend or with the computer,
cassette. . .$19.95
disk. . .$24.95
SHARK TREASURE
A diver after sunken
treasure, you brave shark-
infested waters to recover
gold & jewels. Graphics to
chill the spine!
cassette . . . $21.95
disk. . . $26.95
EL DIABLERO
You awake, dazed and
confused, in the middle of
the desert. You had been
learning techniques of
sorcery from an old man
who lives in these parts. He
told you of his enemy, an
evil sorcerer, a "diablero."
Now your teacher is
missing and you are alone 1
Pure adventure!!
cassette. . .$19.95
disk. . $24 95
STORM!
A tempest of a game, Storm
is an exciting & colorful
experience with 15 different
battlefields & 9 levels of
challenge. Shoot enough
Rainbow Raiders and you
earn your way to the next
level. Watch out for the
milibars!
cassette. . .$24.95
disk. . .$29.95
SYNTHER 7
Turn your keyboard into
a musical instrument with
a digital synthesizer.
Adjustable attack, decay,
sustain, release, & pitch-
bending. Simulate several
instruments. Fun for
novice & musician!
cassette . . . $21.95
disk. . . $26.95
DOODLE BUG
In high resolution graphics
your lady bugs hussle
through an intricate maze
of barriers & turnstyles,
trying to earn points by
eating dots, letters, &
hearts Enemy bugs buzz
after you! Exquisite sound
and graphics!
cassette. . .$24.95
disk. . $29.95
RAIL RUNNER
Watch Out!! Your railroad
engineer must scurry over
the track of the busiest train
switchyard ever, dodging
speeding trains & handcars,
to rescue the poor little
hobos on the wrong side of
the tracks! And the clock
keeps on ticking!
cassette. . .$21.95
disk. . .$26.95
SPACE AMBUSH
Trapped in a crater,
attacked by a band of
galaxian hoodlums, you
defend Starbase. Fast-
paced, hi-res game for
those who want to go
beyond Invaders.
cassette . . . $21.95
disk. . . $26.95
STARSHIP
CHAMELEON
Your intergalaxian vessel
must defend your planet
against evil Gabalatok
attack. You have the unique
ability to change color at
the push of a button to
destroy oncoming bombs
and anti-matter. Watch out
for the semi-intelligent
aerial mines that home in
on you! Nine levels of play,
cassette. . .$24.95
disk. . .$29.95
COLOR INVADERS
You are at the controls of
the Space Tank, firing at
steller ships and invading
critters. Ships burst in air
with explosive noise. Alien
critters march across the
screen dropping bombs &
screaming as life is zapped
from their fried bodies,
cassette. . .$19.95
disk. . .$24.95
MEGAPEDE
Caught in a jungle of
algae, attacked by vicious
spiders & fleas, you must
shoot your way out. A
megaton more action than
any other!
cassette . . . $21.95
disk . . . $26.95
UTILITY
X 10 Protocol Theory
Home Power Control
Part
Unfortunately, my prediction about Radio Shack
discontinuing the Plug 'n Power Controller has
has come true. Apparently, there aren't enough peo-
ple in the marketplace (or Tandy Towers) who appreciate
the potential of this little device. However, many of you were
perceptive enough to buy aP'nP Controller, and if you
weren't, some can still be found (at only $19.95) in assorted
Radio Shack stores. The first article in this series showed
how this modest little device allows your Color Computer to
control all kinds of lights and appliances with simple BASIC
programs. The second pointed out how to use it as an
inexpensive but quit e accurate time base. In this installment
we will explain the protocol used to communicate from the
controller to remote devices through ordinary house wiring.
An understanding of this protocol will enable you to better
appreciate the potential and limitations of the Plug 'n Power
system so you can use it more effectively with your Color
Computer in your own unique situation.
Modulation
All X10 devices such as Radio Shack's Plug 'n Power
units use "carrier current" modulation on your household
power wiring similar to "wireless" intercoms. While inter-
coms generally use amplitude modulation (AM) or fre-
quency modulation (FM) to transmit analog signals (voi-
ces), X 10 systems use a form of pulse coded modulation to
transmit digital messages from a control unit to remote
receiving units. The pulses are synchronized with the power
line frequency, and consist of short "bursts" of 120KHz
ultrasonic tones and "pauses." In the absence of any official
documentation on this subject from BSR or Radio Shack,
we have developed the following definitions to aid in our
quest.
(Alexander Trevor is Executive Vice President of
computer resources at CompuServe. Charles Yahnisa
design engineer at CompuServe's Research and
Development Center in Tucson, Arizona.)
By A. B. Trevor
and Charles Yahn
Burst:
A period of time during which the 120 KHz tone is
transmitted over the power line. The length of the
burst is slightly less than 1/2 tick (1/ 120 sec). (See
Figure 1.)
Pause:
A period of time during which no tone is transmit-
ted. A pause is 1/2 tic (1/ 120 sec).
Bit:
Binary digits are encoded as follows:
0) (PAUSE) (BURST)
1) (BURST) (PAUSE)
In normal data transmission the combinations (PAUSE)
(PAUSE) or (BURST) (BURST) never occur. When no
transmission is taking place, the controller idle state is
(PAUSE) . . . (PAUSE).
Listing 1 details how "bursts" and "pauses" are generated
on the CoCo. Line synchronization is achieved at BUR2 by
"An understanding of this protocol
will enable you to better appreciate the
potential and limitations of the Plug c n
Power system so you can use it more
effectively with your Color Computer
in your own unique situation"
watching the cassette input bit, followed by a 210 microse-
cond wait at BUR3. The ultrasonic tone is set on or off at
BUR4+1 via the 6 bit D/ A and timed for 1 millisecond at
BUR5. If this has been done three times, the "burst" is
complete; otherwise it is repeated after a two millisecond
delay at BUR8.
98 the RAINBOW June, 1983
Packet Format
As in asynchronous data communications over telephone
lines, a "start" signal is needed to properly synchronize
remote units with the incoming data. In the X 10 world, data
is transmitted in "packets" consisting of several bits pre-
ceded by a header. A special sequence is used as the header:
(BURST) (BURST) (BURST) (PAUSE) (rest of packet)
There are two distinct kinds of packets: address packets and
command packets. The structure of each is as follows:
Address Packet:
(header) (house code) (unit code) (0)
4 bits 4 bits
Command Packet:
(header) (house code) (command) (1)
4 bits 4 bits
Notice that the house code is repeated in the command
packet. The reason for this is to prevent accidential activa-
tion of units operating on a different house code. Once a
device has recognized its own house code and unit code in an
address packet, the device remains ready to receive com-
mands until:
1) an address packet is received for a different unit (but
same house code),
2) or, a universal command is received (such as clear).
Thus, if the house code were not included in command
packets, addressed devices in another house might respond.
Data Mapping
The binary codes used in X 10 packets to represent house
codes and unit numbers are not simply the corresponding
hex values. House and unit numbers must be encoded
according to Table 1 before being used in a packet. Table 2
lists the values used for all X 10 commands.
The "X 1 0 Low Level Routines" given in Listing 1 presume
that the mapping is the responsibility of the calling program.
This point was well illustrated by the sample program
included in Part 1 of this series on page 163 of the February
1983 issue of the Rainbow.
Table 1. X10 Encoding Table
House
Unit
4 bit hex
Code
Code
Value
A
1
6
B
2
E
C
3
2
D
4
A
E
5
1
F
6
9
G
i
5
H
8
D
I
9
7
J
10
F
K
11
3
L
12
B
M
13
0
N
14
8
O
15
4
P
16
C
all-in-one
Swivel Organizer
"the perfect solution
★ No more fumbling JWA^w
* nds tangled cables
• Everything you need is^Z m
at your fingertips %w
• Unique swivel base
NO ONE can match
these features and
Beat Our Prices!
• Woodgrain FORMICA FINISH
(water and stain resistant)
• Swivel base allows sharing of computer
Great for game playing and
multi-use work stations
• Storage areas with clamps in rear for
dressing cables neatly
• Cut out side allows ROM PACK insertion
• Comes fully assembled
Swivel Base
Model Available
for Terminal Use
t4
*Send check or money order to:
Shauntronks • RO. Box 131 • Fairview, N.J. 07022
"ALL-IN-ONE"
SWIVEL BASE ONLY
SHIP TO:
Name , _. . .
$34.95
$24.95
add $5.75 each for Shipping & Handling *
New Jersey residents add 6% sales tax
Address
City
•Within Continental U.S.A.
Zip
Phone
Allow 4 to 6 weeks delivery
June, 1983 the RAINBOW 99
Table 2. X10 Commands
Code
Command
o
All off (clear)
1
All on
A. AAA Vil
2
On
3
Off
4
Dim
5
Bright
Example
To summarize, let us look at an example. Suppose we
wish to turn on light 5 with house code B. By looking in
Table 1 for house code "B" and unit 5; and in Table 2 for
"ON," we find the following values:
House "B
Unit 5
Command "ON
Hex
E
1
2
Binary
(1110)
(0001)
(0010)
If we let "b" represent a (BURST) and "." represent a
(PAUSE), we can depict the resulting address packet as
follows:
bbb.b.b.b..b.b.b.bb..b
idle (hd) 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 idle
This packet is repeated three times to insure that the device is
properly addressed. The command packet follows:
bbb.b.b.b..b.b.bb..bb
idle (hd) 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 idle
STOCK & FUND INVESTING
with the
TRS-80 COLOR COMPUTER
USE FUND GRAF & PUMDP1LE
FUNDGRAF is a stock market analysis program
that not only graphs and analyzes funds or stocks,
but also makes decisions on when to BUY and SELL*
• GRAPHS fund's progress (up to 200 weeks).
• SUPERIMPOSES for comparison!
- a line of constant percent growth.
- a graph of any other fund (or stock).
• CALCULATES over any given time spam
- the percent price change.
- the moving average (any span). w>ft
INDICATES BUY and SELL signals
ff
RAINBOW
PROCiRnM FOR
IT RSI- COLOR COMPUTl
T
I ' I ' | ' I 1 1 )
-FUNDGRAF -
TAPE @ 449^5
DISK @ $69*95
- FUNDFILE -
DISK only @ $27.95
• ADD $2 Handling on
all orders.
• Details? SEND SASE
• 16 K ECB Required,
-printer optional
FUNDFILE is a portfolio and account manage-
ment program for securities. It creates files for
up to 900 transactions & 50 securities and reports 1
asset value t realized & unrealized capital gains,
adjusted costs (for stock dividends)* and MORE! !
PARSONS SOFTWARE, DEPT. A
118 W00DSHIRE DRIVE
PARKERSBURG, WV 26101
The command packet is also repeated three times, unless it is
a "dim" or "bright" command, which is repeated 2n+l times,
where "n" is a repeat count that determines the degree of
dimming or brightening to be done.
Real World Considerations
After you have played around with the Plug 'n Power
controller on your computer for awhile and you start to
consider using this system to control your home or office,
the f olio wing concerns will probably come to mind: 1 ) Can I
really leave my computer powered up for days or weeks
without doing any harm? 2) What about power failures? 3)
How reliable is this set-up?
There are probably as many opinions on the first question
as there are Color Computer owners, but in my opinion, if
you use your computer nearly everyday any way, then leav-
ing it on continuously probably is actually less stress on your
computer's components than cycling it on and off. I know
people who have left their CoCos on for a year; I regularly
leave mine on for a week or more when I am out of town.
Since heat is the main thing that could damage the compo-
nents in your computer, you may wish to remove the top
cover during extended use to reduce the operating tempera-
ture of the I.C.'s. If you have "piggyback" memory, then this
is especially important, and you should have a heat sink on
the SAM chip. As long as all the chips in your machine run
cool enough to touch, then it should be OK. Of course, you
should turn off your TV when running the CoCo
unattended — otherwise you could damage the screen and
will waste a lot of power.
Although the CoCo will tolerate a respectable amount of
small power glitches, any power failure of more than a few
cycles duration will cause your CoCo to lose memory, or at
the very least, will stop program execution. If you want to be
sure that your CoCo stays on the job (especially during the
summer when power outages are most common), then you
should use a small "UPS"(Uninterruptable Power Supply).
These devices include a battery to provide backup power, an
inverter to generate 120 V.A.C., and some kind of battery
charger. Since the CoCo draws less than 25 watts, a very
small UPS will be adequate. I use a Topaz 2645, which is
really overkill, since it has a 300V A capacity.
A cool running, UPS equipped CoCo is a very reliable
device, but there are other hazards that should be consi-
dered: lightning, power surges, and interference. Unfortu-
nately, the only way to provide total protection from light-
ning strikes on the power line is to unplug your computer.
The next best thing is to use a good surge protector, which,
although not perfect, will greatly reduce the danger of frying
your computer. Note that only the computer (and disk drive,
if applicable) should be plugged into the UPS and surge
suppressor; the Plug 'n Power controller must be plugged
directly into a wall outlet. Otherwise, the ultrasonic tone
may be filtered out by one of these devices.
Operation of FM intercoms on the same power trans-
former will interfere with the operation of the Plug 'n Power
unit; even if the intercom is in a neighbor's house. Most
other f orms of interference are dealt with adequately by the
fact that X10 packets are transmitted three times.
X10 Routines
Sources of the Color Basic callable machine language
routines used to generate X 10 packets by all the programs in
this series of articles are available on CompuServe in the
public ACCESS data base in X10.M69[70000,130]. These
routines are in MAC69 format, but are easily convertible to
1 00 the RAINBOW June, 1 983
SEE WHArS NEW
THIS MONTH at QUASAR ANIMATIONS
SOFTWARE
The Official
ZAXXON
by SEGA
Probably the most incredible arcade
game ever is now available for the Color
Computer. NOTE: this is the official ZAX-
XON, not an imitation!
32K Tape or Disc $39.95
THE KING
by Tom Mix Software
Four full graphic screens. Exciting sound
and realistic graphics. Never before has
the color computer seen a game like this.
Tape $26.95
Disc $29.95
SKY-DEFENSE
Can you survive the first wave of attack?
Or the next? Or the next? Only your joy-
stick will ever know! Features horizontal
flight in highres graphics, and fast-paced
action. Machine language; joystick re-
quired. 16K $12.95
BIGNUM
If you dislikeseeing numbers like 1 .23045 E
23, and wish you could have all the ac-
curate digits instead, then BIGNUM is for
you. Add, subtract, multiply, divide and
raise BIG numbers to BIG powers and get
totally accurate results. Even if you are
satisfied with an approximation, without
this program the Color Computer would
return an "OV ERROR" with this problem:
34*45. BIGNUM returns the entire 68 digit
result! Accurate to 1,024 digits in 16K &
about 3,068 digits with 32 RAM.
16K $9.95
HARDWARE
16K-32K UPGRADE KIT
Kit includes 8 200 ns #41 1 6 Factory Prime
Chips, piggybacked sockets, SAM socket,
and "32K" button to replace the 16K on
your computer's case. Easy to remove. No
soldering to computer $25.95
64K UPGRADE KIT
200 ns #4164 chip set will upgrade your
"E" board easily. Factory Prime Chips.
Instructions included $49.95
Nanos Reference Cards
Color Computer & TDP-100
Color BASIC & EXTENDED . .
4.95
DATA CASSETTES
C05 C10
$ .65 Qty. 1-10 $ .70
$ .60 Qty. 11-20 $ .65
Soft Poly Cases Ea. $ .20
WABASH DISKETTES
Box of 10 $25.00
JOYSTICK INTERFACE
Use ATARI or WICO Joysticks with your
COCO! $17.95
WICO COMMAND CONTROL
JOYSTICK
The best joystick available for COCO . . .
$29.95
Km
Add $1 .50 per software order and $2.00 per hardware order for postage and handling.
California residents add 6% Sales Tax.
QUASAR ANIMATIONS
1520 Pacific Beach Drive. San Diego. California 92109
(619) 274-2202
the syntax of other assemblers.
The next and final installment in this series will present a
Disk BASIC program incorporating all the techniques pres-
ented so far that will allow you to generate, save and execute
simple or complex Plug 'n Power control programs
Figure 1. X10 Timing Diagram
— —
Burn
Binary "ONE" y
/ Paul*
Bhnaty'ZEHO"
Bunt ■
/ 5
1$
Millisecond!
4
1 ;
•Low Level Routines for BSR X-10 Controller
2 ;
Translated from Charles Yahn s 6502 version
3 ;
To 6809 by Sandy Trevor, 8 Nov 1981
4 ;
Modified to PC relative 30 Oct 1982
5 ;
6 ;
Calling Sequence for Color Basic
7 ;
8 ;
nrr* i inn a i iha a a
DEF USRn = &H3000
o
7 ;
i inn # , i \ . j jl j
USRn(argl) to send an address or command
1U ;
11 ;
artjl is a 16 bit integer
12 ;
13 :
14
i i i c i pniikiT i op t ii /p ■
: ! !F ! COUNT ! HC ! U/C !
id ;
16
4il44PTJI'"IA
! 14 11-8 7-4 3-0
1/ ,
18
where: j
i 0
; F - Address/command flag i
Oft
; 2 0 address pacKet
Zl
; - 1 command pacKet
oo
2J
; COUNT - Repeat count
O/l
24
25
; HC - House Code (0 thru $f)
ot
£0
I OT
Ll
; U/C - Unit number or Command
00
£0
29
n j n j
Code Command
OA
A All .BB / _ 1 _ _ _ \
; 0 All off (clear)
4 All
1 All on
32 ;
2 On
33 ;
1 n a a
3 Off
Til
34 ;
4 Dim
35 ;
5 Bright
36 ;
37 j
ll III*. 1 at s 111 . 1 « « • - » All
House and Unit codes must be translated by the calling routine as follows:
38 ;
oo
JV ;
House Unit 4-bit value
4U ;
P — J n j /i_ ^
Code Code (hex)
41 ;
A 1 6
!
o o r
o Z E
43 ;
C 3 2
44 ;
D 4 A
45 :
E 5 1
46
F 6 9
47 :
G 7 5
48 ;
H 8 D
49
I 9 7
50 ;
J 10 F
102 the RAINBOW June, 1983
fb rare
AUID DUN
Auto Run is a utility program for the TRS-80*
Extended Basic Color Computer. It is used to add
convenience and professionalism to your software.
Auto Run will help you create your title screen
with the graphics editor. The graphics editor allows
you to choose a background color and border style.
Using the arrow keys and several other commands
you can draw pictures, block letters and also include
text.
Auto Run will generate a machine language load-
er program to preceed your program on the tape.
Then, to start up your program, simply type
CLOADM to load in the Auto Run loader program,
which will then automatically start itself up, display
your title screen, load your program and then RUN
or EXEC it.
Also you may record a vocal or musical introduc-
tion preceding your program. The Auto Run loader
will control the audio on/off.
Basic programs can be set to load anywhere in
memory above $600 (the PCLEAR 0 page).
Software authors: The Auto Run prefix may be
appended to your software products.
Auto Run is $14.95 and includes complete docu-
mentation and an assembly source listing.
Requires 16K Extended Basic.
Galactic Han gman
'!i 'I...-
.Hllll
FREE
J H I L
cm
f it:E
P
I.J U i'l \<
A great new twist to the popular, educational word
guessing game for the Color Computer. Large (700
words) and sophisticated vocabulary. Or enter your
own words, your child's spelling list, foreign
language vocabulary, etc.
Outstanding high resolution graphics, animation
and sound effects.
For $14.95 you get both the 1 6K and 32K versions
of Galactic Hangman.
Tape Information
Management System
A user-oriented, easy to use personal database
management system for the TRS-80* Color Com-
puter with these outstanding features:
* keeps files of programs, names, addresses, birth-
days, recipes, class or club rosters, anything
* variable record and field lengths
* phrase substitution editor
* up to 8 user-definable fields
* ML sort (up to 3 fields), search and delete functions
*2 search modes — range and item
* user-definable printer format, for any printer
*up to 230 characters per record
For $24.95 you get the database management
system, our full documentation which includes a
reference guide and a programmer's guide, and our
1981 Bibliography of articles relating to the Color
Computer. Requires 16K Extended Basic. 32K
recommended.
1982 TIMS Bibliography — $9.95
6
A sensational and educational version of a popular
party game for the TRS-80* Color Computer . . .
For 1 to 10 players. Load a story into the com-
puter. The players are asked to supply a noun, verb,
part of body, celebrity, etc. which the program uses
to complete the story. The story, which is displayed
when all words are entered, will be hilarious. Silly
Syntax requires 16K Extended Basic (32K for disk
version). For $19.95, you get a user guide and a
tape containing the Silly Syntax game and 2 stories.
You can create your own stories or order story tapes
from the selection below.
Silly Syntax stories — Ten stories per tape.
SS-001 - Fairy Tales SS-004 - Current Events
SS-002 - Sing Along SS-006 - Adventure/Sci-Fi
SS-003 - X-Rated SS-007 - Potpourri
Each story tape is $9.95. 1 0% off for 3 or more story
tapes. Disk is $24.95 for Silly Syntax and 2 stories or
$49.95 for Silly Syntax and all 62 stories.
RAINBOW
CtttTtfCATIOM
MM.
*TRS-80 is a trademark of Tandy Corp.
SUGAR SOFTWARE
2153 Leah Lane
Reynoldsburg, Ohio 43068
(614) 861-0565
CIS orders EMAIL to 70405, 1374
Add $1 .00 per tape or disk for
postage and handling. Ohio-
ans add 5.5% sales tax. COD
orders are welcome. Dealer
inquiries invited.
*\1
If
1 1
1 1
J
5?
t L
1 9
IL
n
0
Do
y
! n
1J
U
! N
1 VI
14
n
8
SS 9
13
4
56
■ n
; p
16
c
57 :
58 0000
LOC
♦3000
59 B3 ED
INTCNU=
:«B3ED
60 FF 20
BSRSTA 5
=$FF20
jConvert arg to integer
;Cassette I/O address
61
3000
SENPKT:
62
3000
BD B3 ED
JSR
INTCNV
;Convert arg to integer
63
3003
ED 8D 00
71
STD
FLAG.PCR
;Saue flag and arguments
64
3007
84 3F
ANDA
#$3F
;Clear bit 0
65
3009
A7 8D 00
6A
STA
RCNTR,PCR
;Save packet repeat count
66
300D
8D 39
HEADER: BSR
BURST
;Send out header
67
300F
8D 37
BSR
BURST
6B
3011
8D 35
BSR
BURST
69
3013
8D 2E
BSR
PAUSE
70
;Send out data
- house code, unit or command
71
3015
A6 8D
00 60
SEND: LDA
FLAG+1,PCR
72
3019
8E 00
08
LDX
IB
73
301C
8D 13
BSR
BITFLD
;Get hse code,, unit or cud
;Set size of bit field
;Output the field
GRAPHIC MATH
ADVENTURE $21.95
Challenging Adventure! Fully player selec-
table up to 300 "room." Search for treasure
on land, on river, and in the labryinth of
caves. Your search is blocked by many
obstacles which can be overcome by correctly answering math prob-
lems. Any one or all four functions (+. x. -, Ocan be selected to add variety.
24 skill levels make the game challenging for all ages.
32K EXT BASIC Required
Also:
SPELLING MASTER $14.95
Conquer spelling. Learn the words you
have trouble with. User input unlimited
number of words. Good for weekly
spelling lists. SAMPLE list provided.
16K EXT BASIC cassette
MATH MATER
$14.95
tor both
Learn Basic Math Facts (+. x, -.?) and
counting routines. Math drill for speed.
MATH TUTOR teaches with graphics.
MATH DRILL Non-EXT BASIC $8.95
MATH TUTOR 16K EX1 BASIC $8 95
CONCENTRATION $9.95
40 blocks hide 20 patterns. Pit your memory skills against your
friends. Two players. Non-EXT BASIC cassette.
15% OFF ALL Spectral Associates Software
examples
Android Attack
Cosmic Invaders
Chost Gobbler
Space War
Battle Fleet
Keys of Wizard
Space Traders
Lothars Labyrinth
Alcatraz II
Cosmic Super Bowl
Typing Tutor
Flex Plus Dos
Ultra 80C
editor/assembler
18.65
15.35
16.95
18.65
18.65
18.65
12.70
12.70
10.15
12.70
16.95
59.45
42.45
n n
SOFTWARE FACTORY
1333Morgan Road
Bremerton, WA 98312
(206) 377*1694
Dealer & Author inquiries invited
WRITE FOR FREE CATALOG
Add 3% for shipping — No COD
ABOUT POOR
VIDEO QUALITY?
We can fix it!
Designed!
by
Dennis
1 1
ASSEMBLED LOWER CASE MODULE $69.95
Easy to install - No software changes
-Adds lower case with true descenders.
BOARD ONLY
$12.00
TV Buff
will give standard NTSC
video output for virtually
any monitor $ g T fl fi
send $1.00 for our
complete catalog
d*st0rs can (212) 499 -5400
WORLD ELECthONlCS I
17727th Street
Brooklyn, N.Y. 11232
1 04 tht RAINBOW June, 1 983
74
;Send the unit/connand flag (1 bit)
75
/j
JvlC
al an ftfi SA
HO Ou Uv JO
OCnr ■ Lun
pi arc pro
rLHU r rLn
■ Hat t kn nAAne J i*t*A C 1 art
y iici wile auurs/cmu tidy
7A
PHI A
IYULH
y ruoiiiura in noo
77
P.F ftft ftl
OC vv Ul
LUA
it
•Qot ciia nf kit fialW
y 0cw size or on tieiu
7fl
jvlO
Ou V"
RC.P
0 1 1 rLU
■ Hut nut tha Plari
y uuwpuw wnc Tidy
79
3028
6A 8D 00 4B
DEC
RCNTR.PCR
;Repeat RCNTR times
Dv
?A HP
to ur
BNE
HEADER
01
01
J7
RTS
82
30ZF
00
BSROFF: BYTE
0
83
3030
FC
B5R0N: BYTE
$FC
; Transmit a byte
oD
; C(A) --
House code
unit nr PfiMManW
at
00
• C(X) =
bit field
c i 7P
87
3031
49
BITFLD: ROLA
;Get bit to send in 'C
88
303Z
ZD 06
BCS
SI
•Rranrh if a M '
y di diibn lid i
89
3034
8D OD
BSR
PAUSE
;Else, send a '0'
90
3036
8D 10
BSR
BURST
91
3038
20 04
BRA
BITDN
92
303A
8D OC
SI: BSR
BURST
;Send a '1'
93 303C 8D 05
94 303E 30 IF
BSR
PAUSE
BITDN: LEAK -l.X
; DECREMENT X
BEAR
ONES
CASSETTE SOFTWARE
(16-K NON-EXTENDED BASIC UNLESS NOTED BY * )
BEAR
ONES
SPECTRAL ASSOCIATES:
GHOST GOBBLER NOW M9.95
PLANET INVASION s 21 .95
GALAX ATTAXX s 21.95
SPACE WAR s 21.95
DEFENSE s 21.95
SPACE RACE s 21 .95
ANDROID ATTACK s 21.95
KEYS OF THE WIZARD H9.95
SPACE INVADERS H4.95
CCTHELLO H4.95
COLOR ZAP s 9.95
MED SYSTEMS:
MONKEY KONG s 24.95
PHANTOM SLAYER M9.95
INVADER'S REVENGE H9.95
TUTOR TAPES:
VOWEL FUN-1st GRADE H4.95
MATH CHALLENGE-2nd GRADE . H4.95
WORD MATCH-2nd GRADE . H4.95
•SPECIAL-MOTOROLA ASSEMBLY
PROGRAMMING CARD
FOR6809E M.95
COLOR COMPUTER SOFTWARE f
^ NEW RELEASES
RAINBOW
SOOPER PAC
$21 .95 BONES
EXCITING - PROGRAMMABLE
SELECT 3 SCREENS, SPEED &
COLOR CHANGES. BONUS
SHAPES, FANTASTIC ACTION
• 30 SKILL LEVELS.
WUIDIY RIPn PI IN COMMAND YOUR CHOPPER AND
vvniKLi pircu kutn fight through the tunnel of
DOOM!
$21 .95 SPECTRAL
LANCER
$21 .95 SPECTRAL
MS. GOBBLER*
$21 .95 SPECTRAL
1 OR 2 PLAYERS - MEDIEVAL
COMBAT INCLUDES FLYING YOUR
OSTRICH BETWEEN FLOATING
ISLANDS.
4 SCREENS, INVISO-MAZE AND
MOVING BONUS FRUIT. 1 OR 2
PLAYERS.
rTAnM ArtrtS-MA/C MANUEVER YOUR SPEEDING CAR
STORM ARROWb THROUGH THE CITY STREETS &
ALLEYS WHILE AVOIDING STORM
cdcotdai ARROWS & THE DREADED IMPERIAL
SPECTRAL CRUISER.
$21 .95
SPACE SENTRY
$14.95 SPECTRAL
ALPHA SEARCH
$10.95 SPECTRAL
YOUR MISSION AS THE SENTRY IS TO
DEFEND YOUR PATROL SECTOR
FROM INCOMING INVADERS.
30-TYPE WITH RADAR SEARCH
PANELS.
EDUCATIONAL - A CHALLENGING
RACE TO GATHER THE ALPHABET
WITH SPACE SHIPS & ELEVATORS.
EARLY ELEMENTARY GRADES.
ORDER FORM
QTY.
PRICE
GHOST GOBBLER
PLANET INVASION
GALAX ATTAXX
SPACE WAR
DEFENSE
SPACE RACE
ANDROID ATTACK
KEYS OF THE WIZARD
SPACE INVADERS
CC THELLO
COLOR ZAP
MONKEY KONG
PHANTOM SLAYER
INVADERS REVENGE
SOOPER PAC
WHIRLY BIRD RUN
LANCER
MS. GOBBLER *32K
STORM ARROWS
SPACE SENTRY
ALPHA SEARCH
VOWEL FUN
MATH CHALLENGE
WORD MATCH
MOTOROLA PROG. CARD
ORDER TOTAL: $.
MICH. RES. ADD 4% TAX: .
TOTAL ENCLOSED: $.
HIPPING FREE
SHIP TO:
NAME
ADDRESS
CITY
STATE
ZIP
June, 1983 the RAINBOW
-J
105
MAIL TO: BEAR BONES SOFTWARE, INC.
G 3117 CORUNNA RD„ SUITE 108
FLINT, MICHIGAN 48504
bnclose Check or Money Order, Allow
Two Weeks for Check to Cleeir
Money Orders Shipped Immediately
95
3040
26 EF
BNE
BITFLD
;If More bits, then repeat
96
3042
39
RTS
;Else, BITFLD done
97
;Send a
"Pause"
9B
i
Uses B and Y
99
3043
31 8C E9
PAUSE:
LEAY
BSROFF , PGR
;Pause for 8ms
100
3046
20 03
BRA
BUR1
101
;Send a
"Burst"
102
3048
31 8C E5
BURST:
LEAY
BSR0N r PCR
; Burst for 8»s
103
304B
34 12
BUR1:
PSHS
A,X
;Save A and X
104
304D
B6 FF 20
BUR2:
LDA
BSRSTA
;Hait 1/2 tick time (lsBIT is 60Hz
105
3050
85 01
BITA
#1
:Test for cassette input 4 -clocK)
106
3052
27 F9
BEG
BUR2
107
3054
mm ■ a
86 34
LDA
#$34
;Kill 7*$20us=210us
108
3056
4A
BUR3:
DECA
109
3057
26 FD
BNE
m inn
BUR3
110
3059
C6 03
LDB
#3
111
305B
A6 A4
BUR4:
LDA
,Y
; BSROFF contains 0
7
112
305D
B7 FF 20
STA
BSRSTA
;Clears or sets 120Khz burst
113
3060
86 B2
LDA
t$B2
;Wait 7*$90us= l»s
114
3062
4A
BUR5:
DECA
115
3063
26 FD
BNE
BURS
116
3065
7F FF 20
CLR
BSRSTA
;Turn off burst
117
3068
1C 00
ANDCC
#0
CIRCLE CITY
SOFTWARE
P.O. Box 30166
Indianapolis, Indiana 46220
Credit Card Customers
include number and expiration date.
SEA TRADER
A new game in which you play an 18th cen
tury sea captain plying the trade routes.
The you start start out on a shoestring
and try to become a billionaire, Hazzards
include pirates, storms, bad markets,
and bad debts. People have become
so fascinated with this game that
they actually cheat to keep from
winning. 16K color basic, tape or disk
$19.95.
COLOR STAR PILOT
Take a trek through space to defeat the
alien enemy in this superior version of
a classic space game! Reviewed in Rain
bow. Requires extended basic. Comes
with 32K 3-level game or 16K novice
version. Tape or disk $19.95.
NEW MASTER DISK $29.95
A touch of a button allows you to keep tabs
on your disk library. Creates directory files
directly from 100 of your source disks on one
Master Disk. Search by file name, file type,
disk name, free space, or individual directory.
All output can be sent to line printer. Menu
driven and very user friendly! This is an im-
proved version of the program reviewed in The
Rainbow. Optional accessory package adds
even more features. 16K or 32K disk required.
ACCESSORY PACKAGE $20.00
A second disk for improved versions of the or-
iginal single-disk accessory programs. Includes
notebook for storage of disks and paperwork.
*SORT*
New Sort program is faster and more efficient
than original version. Runs in 16 or 32K to
produce an alphabetic listing of all file types
you specify.
♦RECOVER*
New Recover program not only rewrites direc-
tories from master files but can rebuild an en-
tire disk to eliminate "10" errors.
*ZAP*
New addition. User friendly directory Zapper
to manually correct directory data when all
else fails. Menu-driven with help files for
novices.
1 06 the RAINBOW June, 1 983
JUST GOOD SOFTWARE
TAPE DATE-O-BASE CALENDAR - $16.95
(max. 400 memos/tape file)
DISK DATE-O-BASE CALENDAR - $19.95
(over 4,000 memos/disk - max. 300 memos/month)
MATH TUTOR -Five programs that go from math fact (+, — X,/) drill to full addition, subtraction, multiplication,
and division at four levels of difficulty. Provides a step by step approach with error correction and re-
wards for good performance. - $13.95 in BASIC.
SPELLING TEACHER - Up to 200 of their spelling words stored on tape or disk are presented in four lively
study modes including a scrambled word game. - $1 2.95 in BASIC.
ALPHA-DRAW - A subroutine designed to let you easily add characters to your graphic displays. You define
X and Y coordinates and a string variable of one or more characters and Alpha-Draw will do the rest.
Includes all keyboard characters. Comes with instructions for a true line numbered merge of tape files.
Works great with the Screen Print program! - $8.95 in BASIC.
GRAPHIC SCREEN PRINT PROGRAM -Works in ALL PMODES and lets you shift screen image anywhere
on the printed page. Relocatable code lets you use all of your 1 6K or 32K machine. Available for both
Color Basic 1.0 and 1.1. Use EXEC 41 175 to see which you have and SPECIFY with order. In Machine Language.
$7.95 - For TRS-80® LP-VII/VIII & DMP 1 00/200/400 (specify printer type)
$9.95 - For Epson GRAFTRAX®, PROWRITER®, NEC® PC 8023A-C
Microline® 82A/83A (with OKIGRAPH® I), Microline 84
IDS-440/445, Paper Tiger® 460/560, Micro Prism® 480, Prism® 80/132 (with dot plotting)
Micro Per-nherals, Inc. 88G/99G, Centronics 739, Star Micronics, Inc. GEMINI-10/15
(Trademarks of Tandy Corp., Epson America, Inc., C-ltoh, NEC America, Okidata Corp., Integral Data Systems, Inc.)
ALL PROGRAMS require Extended Color Basic and are delivered
on cassette. All, except Tape Date-O-Base Calendar, are DISK c r/^rrrTm^rri
System compatible. &UUUEc>TlUNc>!
We want your
to
u
2 *
S B
m>
$z
DISK DOUBLE ENTRY- If you have spent hours trying to balance your Debits and Credits, this program is gg
for you! Designed for small business, club, and personal use. Enter transactions in a journal type format.
Program will maintain current account balances, produce Trial Balance, Income, and Balance Sheet re- »
ports and complete Account Ledgers. Will handle up to 300 accounts including report headings and ^
totals. Up to 1400 average transactions on a diskette. Summary reports and four levels of subtotals \
available. REQUIRES 32K and a user understanding of standard double entry accounting con-
cepts. - $44.95 in BASIC with Machine Language subroutines.
DISKDATA HANDLER - 64K - Designed to use the full 64K RAM, but may also be configured for 32K. Uses
standard ROM's - No special operating system required! Allows you to design disk data files for your
specific needs. You define a basic record of up to 1 4 fields and 246 characters. Provides fast selection
and sorting based on any field or combination of fields in this record. Powerful on-screen input and
update. Userdefinedoutputof reports to screen, printer, or diskfiles which may be read by your BASIC
programs for any computational or special formatting requirements. Printer reports allow headings,
page breaks, and page numbering, and let you pass control codes to drive your printer's special
features. Maximum numberof recordsyou may workwith atonetime will depend on RAM configuration
and record size - 64K (32K) 1850 (500) - 21 char records, 179 (49) - 246 char records. An optional
Extended record linked to the basic record may also be defined. The size of this Extended record is not a
factor in determining maximum number of records. Will provide the growth capability needed for your
increasingly sophisticated applications. $54.95 in BASIC with Machine Language subroutines.
DISKDATAHANDLER - 32K only version - as above, but without report headings, page breaks, or printer
control codes. $44.95
DATE-O-BASE CALENDAR - Puts you in charge of your schedule! Graphically displays any monthly calendar
between 1 700 and 2099. You put in up to twelve 28 character memos per day - calendar shows where
the memos are - call up of day shows details. Use for appointments and a log of past activity. Study the
chronology of the American Revolution or note the day your mortgage will be paid off. Search capability
allows you to list or print all memos between two specified dates or only ones meeting key word criteria.
Date computation shows elapsed time between two dates in days, weeks, months, and years. REQU I RES
32K in BASIC.
*
o
o
09
m
09
DO VI
to m
■o
»5
*
>
09
10
Custom Software Engineering, Inc.
807 Minutemen Causeway (D-2), Cocoa Beach, Florida 32931
(305) 783-1083
For VISA and Master Card orders:
Include type, account number, expiration
date, signature and phone number.
Sorry! No COD's.
U.S. and CANADA add $1.00 per order for shipping.
Overseas $2.50 per order. All prices in U.S. dollars.
Florida residents add 5% sales tax. Return within two
weeks if not completely satisfied.
RAINBOW
CERTIFICATION
SEAL
ALL LISTED
PROGRAMS
118
306A
5A
DECB
;Decre«ent B (3 counter)
iiq
JUOD
97 fif?
LI UO
Den
CYTT
CAl 1
1 OJ
JUOU
00 ro
DIID"7.
1 HA
LUH
ff?ro
■ II — • + O J« i T\ r . ■ - mm O „ _
;wait 7*?utus -
191
1 b 1
JUor
1 9
IL
DIIDQa
uno
NUr
122
3070
4A
DECA
123
3071
26 FC
BNE
BURS
124
3073
20 E6
BRA
BUR4
\ 125
3075
35 92
w v 7 k
EXIT:
PULS
V A DP
A y H,rL
r nC3bul c A dllu d
126
;Data Area
127
! lb/
3077
RCNTR:
BLOCK
1 ,
1
1 V% fl flA ^ t A M II W t
1 repeat count
128
3078
FLAG:
BLOCK
9
iDu(b (\ — D«f A - M a sine l
,D)rve u Dii y • u aurs
129
; = 1 data
130
; Bits 1-7 = repeat count
131
'Byte 1 = unit code or command
132
END
ANNOUNCING
INE F>FRIN
NEW
P> R O O U C T
VII COVER
THIS REMARKABLE COVER REDUCES THE NOISE BY MORE THAN HALF AND IS
AVAILABLE IN 6 DIFFERENT COLORS FOR THE LOW PRICE OF ONLY $34.95 ea.
THE COLOR CHOICES ARE American Walnut, Bark, Oriental Teak, Spanish
Oak, Palm, and Cherry. SPECIAL COLORS ARE AVAILABLE FOR $5.00 EXTRA
THESE COVERS ARE MADE OF QUALITY WOOD (COVERED WITH LIQUID PLASTIC)
AND PLEXIGLAS WITH PRE-CUT SLOTS FOR CORDS AND PAPER TO GO THROUGH.
SEND CHECK OR MONEY ORDER TO: J&^*A PCLEAR4CO.
P. O. BOX 294
HENDERSON, TEXAS 75653-0294
Distributors of Quality Color Computer Equipment
Please send LP-VII Covers @ $34.95 in the Color
To
Please include $3 for
S & H. per cover
PLEASE ALLOW 3 to 4 WEEKS FOR DELIVERY ICCC MEMBERS 255c OFF
i
1 08 the RAINBOW June, 1 983
Gemini 10: New Star
From Star Micronics
There's a new Star f rom the Midwest which just might be
the one wise men and women are seeking these days. The
Gemini 10 printer from Star Micronics has landed on our
shores with surprisingly little fanfare, and it looks like it
might make a very large dent in the printer market.
After seeing a few ads for it, I called up and ordered one
on the spot. Now, I am not ordinarily an "impulse buyer." In
fact, I'm well known for carrying comparison shopping to
ridiculous extremes. But, I bought the Gemini 10 sight
unseen and without even having spoken to anyone who
owns one. It has turned out to be a very good move.
Here's a partial list of the Gemini's features:
*100 characters per second
*9 x 9 dot matrix
*true low case descenders
(see self -test, below)
♦proportional spacing
♦italics
♦compressed and double width character modes
*sub- and superscripts
♦underlining
*2K buffer
♦friction and tractor feed
And, best of all possible worlds —
♦fully dot-addressable (this means graphics!!!)
There are plenty of other goodies, including such charac-
ters as Greek sigma and mu; copyright symbol and trade-
mark symbol.
I know. You're saying, "Great, but I bet the price is outta
sight." Not so, Bucko. This machine is cheaper than others
in its class. In fact, it's only slightly more than the original
price of the L.P.VII.
There are a number of mail-order houses currently offer-
ing the Gemini. I ordered mine from Texas Computer Sys-
tems and was impressed with the speed with which they
processed my order. My printer arrived one and a half weeks
after I sent the check!
To use the Gemini with a Color Computer (TRS80c or
TDP), also buy the serial interface board. This comes with
instructions for plugging it into the printer board. It's not
difficult to attach the board — even a non-techie like me can
do it. What is confusing is setting the eight dip switches on
the serial board to conf orm to the CC's standards. For this, I
needed help from the experts, so I went to my good friend,
Dennis Lewandowski, of DSL Computer Products. With
Dennis' help and a call to some very friendly folks at Star
Micronics, we finally figured it out. To save you the same
efforts, the serial board switches which should be 'ON' are 3,
7 and 8. (The manual contains a few errors about what
switch does what with regard to #3 and #4.) Also, there are
eight jumpers on the serial board. Dennis pushed #8 (on far
left) up. Don't ask me why — all I know is, it works.
Nothing is perfect, of course, and though I'm hard pressed
to find fault with this machine, I do have a "wish list." I wish
the dip switches for controlling the baud rate were more
easily accessible. They are on the serial board and to get to
them you have to unscrew the cover and reach in through a
maze of chips and stuff. And you'd better have real long,
skinny fingers. I also wish the Gemini were a little quieter. It
is lots better than the L.P.VII, but not as quiet as the Epson.
Wish #3 is for better documentation. Some program exam-
ples, especially for the bit imaging, would be most helpful.
The novice will have a tough time figuring out how to
address the dot.
I have sung the praises of the L.P.VII many times. I still
say you can't beat it as a first printer. But, if you need better
print quality and faster throughput — in short, if you're
ready for your second generation printer, here's my advice:
Follow the Star.
(Star Micronics, 500 Park Blvd., Suite 645, Itasca, IL 60143,
$3.99 suggested retail)
— Kathy Goebel
ACTUAL REPRODUCTION
OF CHART
IBM 83.375
li
8 0-
'0^15 10/29
LS f R £ Q C0P«P-£_.C3 11 11/12
BETTER THAN HIGHER COST
PACKAGES RUNNING ON
"BIGGER" MACHINES
• Stocks, Options and Commodities
• Dow Jones and Compuserve input
• Optional unattended run mode
GAIN AN UNFAIR ADVANTAGE!
WITH INVESTOGRAPH
ON YOUR TRS-80 COLOR COMPUTER
IN-DEPTH, TIMELY INVESTMENT
ANALYSIS WITH LESS WORK
: Gain the advantage of using the power of the
Color Computer to make more money in
~l the market. The easy-to-use, menu driven
INVESTOGRAPH software package provides:
$ Automatic data entry by the highly rated
COLORCOM/E.
$ Screen and hard copy graphs with prices,
volumes, moving averages, cycle compo-
nents, momentum, OBV, security compari-
sons, channels, and several other exclu-
sive oscillators.
$ Complete data maintenance utilities.
$ Optional unattended run mode - have dinner
while COCO works for you!
TRS-B0® Tandy Corp.
Requires 32 K, Ext. Basic, 1 or 2 disks, Printer
YES! I want an UNFAIR ADVANTAGE.
Send INVESTOGRAPH rush at the INTRODUC-
| TORY PRICE of U.S. $245.00 (plus 5% in |
Texas). Includes full set of data and program
| diskettes with complete, easy-to-use!
documentation, 1 year warranty.
| Name H
.State /Zip
Address
| City
□ Check □ Money Order □ Visa □ Mastercard ~
| Card No. ... ..Expires g
Signature
■ Order by phone, call (512)778-5260 |
Dealer Inquiries Welcome
■ Liberty Hill 5oftwore ■
P.O. Box 306 • Liberty Hill, Texas 78642 j
June, 1 983 the RAINBOW 1 09
TUTORIAL
hidden
COMMAND
By Ron Mummaw
There is a command in Extended Color BASIC which I
very seldom see used or even mentioned and yet it can
be a very useful item. The command is VARPTR and
I would like to describe how it can be used and how I have
found it to be helpful. I have been doing some professional
programming recently, and in converting some Apple pro-
grams to the Color Computer, I found it necessary to speed
up some of the low resolution graphics routines to make
them match the Apple's low resolution speed. I realized that
machine language subroutines would do the trick and I
wanted to use the most efficient way I could of storing them
in my programs. That is where VARPTR comes in. Even if
you are a novice programmer and know nothing about
machine language programming, you will find some useful
and easily understood information in this article.
If you will look on page 148 of your Extended Color
BASIC manual you will find a somewhat confusing and not
very useful description of VARPTR. It is also mentioned in
the reference summary in the back of the book and on the
quick reference card. Hopefully, my explanation will make
more sense to you, and you will be able to make use of this
command.
First of all, a little background on how the computer
stores the things it needs to remember. Some of you old pros
may want to skip this part. If you have a 1 6K Color Compu-
ter your computer has 1 6384 little "drawers" that it can store
numbers in. The more technical name for these "drawers" is
bytes. This is the area known as RAM (random access
memory) memory. There are actually up to 65536 "drawers"
but many of those have numbers permanently stored in
them (the ROM (read only memory) memory areas) and for
our purposes we need only be concerned with the ones that
(Mr. Mummaw has a Bachelors Degree in Early
Childhood Education from Arizona State University.
He taught elementary school for six years and is cur-
rently doing some freelance programming, mainly for
The Learning Company.)
110 the RAINBOW June, 1 983
change with each program we load into the computer. If you
have a 32K machine then you have 32768 "drawers" of
RAM memory.
Each of those "drawers" has a number or an address. The
RAM addresses start at 0 and go to 1 6383 or 32767 depend-
ing on the amount of memory you have. The first 1024
locations (numbered 0-1023) are used by the computer to
keep track of all kinds of things that go on during the
running of a program and some things that are even going
"As you can see, finding where the
computer has stored your value forX
orA $ could take you quite some time
if you had to go looking through all
of those "drawers." Fortunately,
your computer is a very efficient file
keeper . . . "
on when it appears as though nothing is happening (ie, the
timer, sound and play values, etc.). The next 512 are the
normal text screen memory locations. After that comes
either your BASIC program, high resolution graphics
memory, or disk memory storage if you have a R.S. disk
system. These areas can change in size depending on how
many graphics pages you have PC LEA Red, how long your
BASIC program is and whether or not you have a disk
system. Finally the computer uses what is lef t to store all the
variables and their values. Don't forget, all of this stuff is
stored in the form of binary numbers from 00000000 to
11111111 which for us the computer changes to 0 to 255.
As you can see, finding where the computer has stored
your value for X or AS could take you quite some time if you
had to go looking through all of those "drawers." Fortu-
nately, your computer is a very efficient file keeper and it has
an excellent memory for where it has stored all the things
that you tell it. If you ask it just right, it might even tell you
where it is keeping some information that you need. That is
where VARPTR comes in.
Let's say you type in your computer:
A$="COMPUTER" (ENTER)
The computer has now stored away several pieces of infor-
mation about what you told it. We can use some of those
pieces of information. If you now type in:
PRINT VARPTR(A$) (ENTER)
the computer will give you back a number. For our example
only, we'll say that number is 9733. That number is the
memory "drawer" where the computer has stored informa-
tion about A$. If you were to PEEK into that location (by
typing PRINT PEEK(9733)), the computer would give you
the number 8 for our example. Why 8? Because 8 is the
number of characters in A$ or the number of bytes or
memory "drawers" that A$ occupies. The number 9734 or
VARPTR(A$)+\ is not used, however, VARPTR(A$)+2
and VARPTR(A$)+3 (9735 and 9736 in our example) are,
and they contain very useful information. They contain
information that will tell us where the computer has stored
A$.
We need to remember that in any of its memory locations,
the largest number that will fit is binary 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 or decimal
255 yet the computer has up to 65536 memory locations to
keep track of. I could go into a lesson on hexadecimal
numbering here, but that would take up another article so I
will try to make this as simple as possible without going into
a lot of detail, for those who are new to the subject. If you
multiply what is stored in VARPTR(A$)+2 times 256 and
add that to what is stored in VARPTR(A$)+3 you will get
the beginning address where the computer has stored A$.
That is because VARPTR(A$)+2 contains the "high order
byte" and VARPTR(A$)+3 contains the "low order byte."
The high order byte must b e multiplied b y 256 because o f the
computers use of binary numbers. I know that may not be
very clear but it will suffice for our purposes here. Let's say
we found that A$ was stored beginning with memory loca-
tion 1 1029. If you type:
PRINT PEEK( 1 1 029) (ENTER)
you will get a 67 because that is the computer's way of
representing a "C." Location 1 1030 contains a 79 for "O,"
location 1 1031 a 77 for "M," etc. Just for fun now type:
POKE 11029,68 (ENTER)
NOTE: 1 1029 will probably not work for your example. Be
sure to use the value f or the beginningaddress of A$ that you
got.
Now type:
PRINT A$ (ENTER)
Your computer should have printed "DOMPUTER." Why?
Because you just poked a "D" in place of where the compu-
ter was storing the value for a "C," the first character in A$.
You're probably sitting there saying to yourself, "So
what! This is interesting but what good will it do me?" Now
comes the fun part.
This technique comes in very handy if you are using
machine language subroutines in your BASIC programs.
There are two ways of using a machine language subroutine
in a BASIC program; 1 ) reserve the top X number of bytes of
your RAM (depending on the length of your subroutine)
and then poke the routine into that area, 2) pack the routine
F I L M A S J_R
A powerful DATA MANAGEMENT SYSTEM for the
COLOR COMPUTER. If you have been wanting a really
good data manager at a reasonable price, THIS IS IT!
FILMASTR combines the best features of the big
systems to provide a combination of speed, power, and
simplicity that can't be beat.
CUSTOM SCREENS - Design input screens with up to
20 fields. Inverse labels for contrast.
FORM FILL ENTRY - Non-destructive blinking cursor,
full screen editing, no garbage collections, copy fields
from previous record. Keeps up with the fastest
typist.
FAST SORT & SEARCH - Machine language sorts the
entire file in seconds. Sort on any field or fields. Use a
variety of relational search techniques to select any
record or group of records that you can define.
EDIT FILES - Change or delete anyrecord easily. Create
and save sub-files or append files.
PRINT FORMAT - Print any field in any order on any line.
Insert characters or phrases.
MENU DRIVEN - No special commands to be learned.
All functions are menu selected and aided by on
screen instructions.
CAPACITY - Up to 255 characters per record, 24000
characters per file. C9000 with 1 6K)
DOCUMENTATION - A thorough manual with
examples and explanation of every command.
^TT^^r 1 6K or 32K TAPE $29.95
===== EXT BASIC DISC 34.95
TIMES
E Y
A "WHAT IF?" financial planning tool. T & M is used to
evaluate the time value tif money as an aid in planning
investments, savings plans, retirement plans, leases,
loans, mortgages or any other situations that involve
compound interest.
The program is menu driven with simple on-screen
instructions. It uses a unique form fill-in for data entry
with easy editing. It even accepts simple math expres-
sions as input.
Calculated results are automatically entered as data and
can be used for further "WHAT IF?" calculation. All
factors are always on screen, making it easy to
understand the relationship between TIME & MONEY.
TIME & MONEY
16K or 32K
EXT BASIC
TAPE $19.95
DISC 24.95
nuuj-il F»=
OMPUTER (814) 371 -4658
HOUSE
BOX 1051, DUBOIS PA, 15801
B53
Add $2.00 Postage & Handling
PA Residents Add 6°/o Tax
CCD. $2.00 Additional
June, 1 983 the RAINBOW 111
into a string and use VARPTR to locate that routine.
Method 1 works okay, but it has some drawbacks. One of
those is if the program was written for your 32K machine
and you put your subroutine into the top of RAM, then it
will not work on your friend's 16K machine even if the
B ASIC program itself is short enough. Another drawback is
the memory space and time it takes to poke it into memory
each time you run the program. Finally, when you run
another program that might need the memory you reserved,
you either have to turn the computer off and on again or,
CLEAR200,32767 or CLEAR 200,16383 to get all of your
memory space back.
I will now describe how to pack a machine language
subroutine into a string and then discuss the advantages of
this method.
The following is a source code for a simple machine
language routine to draw an orange square in the center of
the screen. It is not absolutely necessary at this point that
you understand how this program works.
10 A* - "///////////////////////
////////////////////////■■
20 VI - VARPTR ( A* >
30 V2 - 256 * PEEK ( VI + 2 ) +
PEEK ( VI + 3 )
40 FOR L ■ V2 TO V2 + 46
50 READ B*
60 A - VAL ( aa 8cH aa + B* >
70 POKE L . A
DO
• 3D TIC-T AC-TOE •
NEW!! Over 1 50 possible ways to win. A real challenge. Just
when you think you won, coco beats you to it. A first for the
coco.
Cassette: 32 K E.C.B $14.95
Disc: 32 K E.C.B $19.95
• TIC-TAC-TOE •
If you thought Tic-Tac-Toe is an easy game, try matching your
wits against this version. Play it with or without joysticks. A
special "SMALL FRY" level of difficulty is provided.
Cassette: 16K C.B $10.95
• JUMPS •
Q-SOFT's challenging version of a very old European solitaire
game. An ADDICTIVE board game in HI-RES graphics.
Reviewed in Jan. 1983 issue of the "RAINBOW" on page 164.
Cassette: 16K E.C.B $10.95
Cassette: 4K C.B $8.95
• THE SPIDER •
By: CHROMATIC SOFTWARE". All machine language.
Annihilate the spider before he destroys you. Arcade action.
Joysticks needed. Reviewed in Jan. 1983 issue of the
"RAINBOW" on page 160.
Cassette: 16K . . $19.95
• ONE CHECK .
48 "CHECKERS" are placed on the two outside rows of a
standard checkerboard. Remove as many "checkers" as
possible, jumping diagonally. Play with or without joysticks.
HI -RES graphics.
Cassette: 1 6K E.C.B $10.95
Q-SOFT
1006 ROBINHOOD DRIVE • PAINESVILLE, OHIO 44077 {£CboS
C.O.D. orders add $3.00 Call 216-352-2675
'ifi/.. '/i, •■'•irt'ric\l r '.'<;< ii ■-j-j.-i. 1 ri
60 NEXT L
G5 Q* - HEX* ( V2 + 27 ) : Ql* -
LEFT* ( Q* , 2 ) : Q2* - RIGHT*
< Q* , 2 > : POKE V2 + 2 , VAL
( "*H" + Ql* ) : POKE V2 + 3 , V
AL < "&H" -i- Q2* )
90 CLS0
100 OEFU3R0 - V2
110 Z - USR0 ( 0 )
120 GOTO 120
1000 DATA 10,GE,06, 1B,GE,04,CE, A
6,A0,G1,01,26,09,30,GG,1C,20,F9,
Gl, U,26,01,39,A7,80,20,EC,FF,FF
,FF,FF,01,FF,G0,G0,FF,01,FF,G0,G
0,FF,01,FF,FF,FF,FF,11
The first column of numbers are just line numbers for refer-
ence. The addresses where this program could go are the
numbers in the second column starting with $0600 (I will use
the $ to indicate a hexadecimal number). That would be
1 536 in decimal or 6*256. This is not, however, where we will
put it. The third column are the hexadecimal numbers that
tell the computer what to do. Here is a BASIC program that
will pack a string with this machine language subroutine.
10 A* - "RUN&RUNDIRSUBSOUNDGO&0O
N ! Q0&9THENF0R • ! ! SBNFOR I NTSGNFO
RINT! !"
20 VI - VARPTR ( A* >
30 V2 - 256 * PEEK ( VI + 2 ) +
PEEK ( VI + 3 )
B5 Q* - HEX* ( V2 + 27 ) : Ql* -
LEFT* ( Q* , 2 ) : Q2* - RIGHT*
( Q* , 2 ) : POKE V2 + 2 , VAL
< "«cH" + Ql* ) : POKE V2 + 3 , V
AL < "*H N -i- Q2* )
90 CLS0
100 DEFU8R0 - V2
110 Z - USR0 ( 0 >
120 GOTO 120
You will really begin to see the beauty of this technique if
you can follow my explanation of this BASIC program.
Here goes: Line 1 0 sets up a "dummy" string. It is that string
that will later contain our machine language subroutine.
Line 20 finds out where the computer has stored its informa-
tion about A$ and makes VI equal to that address. Line 30
PEEKs into V 1+2 and multiplies it times 256. It also PEEKs
into VI +3. Then it adds those together to give us the address
where A$ actually begins and it calls that address V2. The
loop which starts in line 40 begins with L being equal to the
address of the first character in A$. L will increase 46 times
for a total of 47 values, the number of characters in our
"dummy" string. Line 50 gets the values in the DA TA state-
ment (line 1000) one at a time calls them B$. Line 60 gets the
decimal value of B$ and sets it equal to A. Line 70 POKEs
the value of the current A into whatever memory location L
happens to be equal to this time through the loop. Line 80
starts the loop over again with the next value of L. After the
loop, A$ no longer contains a series of "/ "s. It now contains
all the values that the loop POKEd into the memory loca-
tions where A$ is stored. Line 85 is somewhat hard to
112
the RAINBOW June, 1983
Superior trophic Software Prccjucts
HOME OF MOTION PICTURE PROGRAMMING
NATIONALLY ACCLAIMED PROGRAMS FOR THE
TRS-80 " COLOR COMPUTER
RAINBOW
CifHff If At ION
St Ak
TALKING GRAPHIC DEMONSTRATION
When someone sees your CoCo and asks ' Just what does this thing do?" then load TALKING GRAPHIC
DEMO and let your computer do its own show and tell, complete with musical background and a running
commentary. As quoted in THE RAINBOW, This is, frankly, better than anything the people who sell the
machines have.
Extended color basic. Tape only $24.95
THE DISK DOCTOR
DISK DOCTOR That disk with the vital information you forgot to back up just crashed! Don't PANIC. Take 2
aspirin, count to 10, and put in an emergency call for THE DISK DOCTOR. This program will salvage machine
language, BASIC, data, ASCII, even MPP pictures. Completely menu driven for easy use. As 80 MICRO
REVIEWER states I feel safer when creating important files and programs having the DOCTOR on call'!"
DOSonly $49.95
MPP-TUTORIAL
MPP-TUTORIAI The programming tool of the professionals. You may not be a great artist, but you too can
produce stunning, high resolution graphics. Detailed step by step instructions to create near studio quality
animation. Quote CHROMASETTE, \. if you want to see and use the full graphic potential for your CoCo, this
program is required!"
Extended color basic -specify tape or disk $34 95
EL CASINO
EL CASINO.. ..Three startling, action-packed high resolution graphic games, ideal for den and rumpus room
parties. Games are programed with MPP graphics, and each is over 14k long.
DICE GAME..
• This is the only craps game on the market that allows 4 players to make any or allot 1 2 field bets
before every roll. The graphic banker automatically tracks and displays bets as they are made. True Casino
action on your CoCo. BLACKJACK..
..The famous card counter not only shows the cards remaining in the deck, but computes the
odds on hitting your hand with the cards remaining. Las Vegas rules apply. All this with MPP graphics and
super sound effects.
H ucicui* SLOT MACHINE..
..Looks and sounds like a Casino machine. The arm drops, the windows roll, and the pay off
(if any) hits the tray with a nice ''clunk". Adjustable odds... make it easy on yourself if you like.
Extended color basic. Specify tape or disk $34.95
POSTAGE PAID
P.O. BOX 451 CANTON, NC 28716.
For Fast Service Call 704/648-6015
m
i
c 2
x
X
X
X
X
TRS-80 Trademark Tandy Corp.
UTILITIES FOR
EXTENDED BASIC
#UK2 COLOR KRUNCHER — $12.95
—Reduces Memory Requirements of Any Ext. BASIC
Program— Speeds Program Execution Time
—Type In A Program From A Magazine, As Is, Debug It,
Then Let KRUNCHER Make It Shorter
—Includes LN.XREF and REM.REMV (#UR2)
—Includes "EXTENDED BASIC FASTER" (#F1)
#F1 "EXTENDED BASIC FASTER" — $3.95
—The First Published Proven List of Methods YOU Can
Can Incorporate Into All Your Own Ext. BASIC
Programs For Maximum Speed Efficiency
—For Novice or Experienced Programmer
—For Graphics or Non-Graphics Programs
#UV4 VARIABLE CROSS REFERENCE — $6.95
—Locates All Variables And "Where Used" Line #'s In
Your Ext. BASIC Program
—Optional Variable Only List (No Line #'s)
—Automatic Sort— Optional Printer Output
#UF2 LLIST FORMATTER — $9.95
—User-selectable Margins, Page Lengths, Top-of-
Form, Font Size, Line Length And More
—Title And Date Your Important Listings
—Start And Stop Listings At Any Line #
—Optional Space Between Lines— Hilights Line
Numbers— Opt. Single-Sheet Pause— For Most
Recent Printers (can be user modified)
#UR2 LINE CROSS REFERENCE — $7.95
—Provides A Sorted Listing Of All Referenced Line
Numbers— Optional Printer Output
— Includes Optional REM.REMV— Removes All
Unreferenced REM's And Comments And Line#'s
—Removes Comments From Referenced REM's
#UD2 DISK DIRECTORY WITH BYTES — $7.95
—Gives Same Info As DIR, PLUS Individual File Bytes,
PLUS Free And Used Total Files, Grans, And Bytes,
PLUS Optional Disk Name, PLUS To Screen Or
Printer
—One Screen At A Time (No More Frantic SFT/@)
—Includes Separate DISK NAME Program
#US3 COPY/SEARCH/REPLACE/DELETE —
$7.95
—Same As Disk COPY, But To-and-From Disk and Tape
Or Tape and Tape
—For ASCII Textfiles Or Programs
—Search OR Search & Replace (optional) OR Search &
Delete (optional)
—Excellent For Changing Long Variable Names
—Great For Changing Spelling Or Capitalization
#UT2 TEXT COUNT — $6.95
—Counts Lines, Sentences, Words, Total Characters Of
An ASCII Ext BASIC Textfile
#UB2 BYTE/LINE COUNT — $5.95
—Automatic, Accurate Byte & Line Count Of Any Ext.
BASIC Program
ALL PGMS (EXCEPT#UD2) FOR EXT. BASIC TAPE/DISK
BUY 3 OR MORE ON THE SAME ORDER & TAKE 10% OFF
(Post Paid in U.S. & Canada) (PA Residents Add 6%)
Send Check Or Money Order To:
MICROLOGIC
Box 193, First Avenue
East Brady, PA 16028
(412) 526-5781
explain, especially if you are not to the point of being able to
understand the assembly language listing. To put it simply,
the location where the TABLE is will change depending on
where the computer stores A$. Since the machine language
program needs to know where that table is, line 85 figures
that out and POKEs the new values for the address of table
into the string at the right location. If that was too confus-
ing, don't worry about it. Line 90 CLEARs the screen to
black. Line 100 tells the computer where to find the machine
language program. Line 110 tells the computer to run the
machine language program. Finally line 120 is just to keep
the computer from writing OK with a green stripe at the top
of the screen. To get out of the endless loop in line 120, press
the break key.
There's one more line you say? Yes, line 1000 contains the
DA TA for one M.L. program. I got those numbers from the
third column of the source listing. You will notice that they
are hexadecimal. I did the assembly language program on
my assembler first so I wouldn't have to look up all the hex
numbers f or the commands, but you could just look them up
in a good book on 6809 assembly language.
List the program. WHOA! What happened to A$? Those
aren't the "/"s that were there before. Each command in
BASIC has a numerical equivalent. When you poked
numbers into the memory locations where A$ was stored,
the computer looked at them as BASIC commands. How-
ever, it will not treat them as such when the program is
EXECuted. SAVE THE PROGRAM!
Run the program. You should, after a short pause, see a
black screen with an orange square near the center. The
pause was the program poking the M.L. values into
memory. If you don't get the orange square and/ or your
computer "hangs up," you will need to turn it off and then
reload the program to find the mistake. If the program runs
as it should, then press BREAK and DELete the following
lines: 40,50,60,70,80,1000. Now that A$ is your machine
language program, you no longer need the lines that POKEd
the hex values into A$. Run the program and you should
immediately see the black screen with the orange square (no
waiting this time). That is the real beauty of this method.
Now you can save this final version. You only saved the
original in case of errors. This final version will run correctly
everytime you load it. Another plus is that it now takes up
probably half of the memory space that it did before. Also,
the machine language program will run perfectly everytime
no matter where the computer stores A$.
There are a few points of caution I should mention. Your
M.L. subroutine cannot contain the values 0 or 34 ($22). A 0
value will confuse the computer into thinking it has reached
the end of your string and it will not save A$ properly. A
value of 34 ($22) will essentially do the same thing because
that is the value for quotation marks. Many times there are
ways to get around these problems, but sometimes you will
just have to resort to the old method of reserving space at the
top of RAM and putting your subroutine there. Another
important point to remember is to save your first version of
your BASIC progarm before you RUN it This way, if your
M.L. program has an error which causes everything to
crash, you haven't lost your original.
I hope many of you will find this inf ormation usef ul. Even
if you're not at the stage of writing machine language code
(as I wasn't when I first learned about VARPTR) it would be
time well spent for you to experiment with what you have
learned here. This method can also be used for "packing" a
string with graphics characters for quick animation.
114 the RAINBOW J une, 1 983
"WANNA FIND OUT
WHAT FUN REALLY IS?"
THE Kl ND OF EXCITEMENT YOU GET OUT OF YOUR SYSTEM DEPENDS ON
WHAT GAMES YOU PUT I NTO IT.
If You Want to Find Out What it's Like to Use your Computerto its Fullest....Then These are the Games
You'll Need! for your trs-so color computer
DunkeyMunkeY
32K EXTENDED BASIC WOT REQUIRED
DOlbUU
100
RAINBOW
CERTIFICATION
SEAL
ON THIS SCREEN:
Popthe Rivets and Fight Fires
We re sure you already know
the rules to thisgame 1 As game
progresses so does the diffi-
culty level.
Cassette $24.95
liskette $23.95
ON THIS SCREEN:
Jump Barrels and Ride the Elevator
ULTRA-FAST MACHINE LANGUAGE ■ HIGH RESOLUTION GRAPHICS ■ SPECTACULAR SOUND EFFECTS
STARFIR€
16K EXTENDED BASIC NOT REQUIRED
Give your ColorComputer
a New Image!
RAINBOW
CERTIFICATION
SEAL
Plays like popular arcade game
Defender* including:
• Hyperspace
• Smart Bombs
• Radar Scanner
Cassette $21.95
Diskette $26.95
IntEllEC tronics
22 Churchill Lane
Smithtown, N.Y. 1 1 787
(516)543-6642
SCREEN - 64
64 Characters X 32 Lines
Upper & Lower Case
16K EXTENDED BASIC NOT REQUIRED
1. Load in SCREEN-64
2. Type EXEC
3. You're Back in BASIC with a 64 x 32
Screen plus,.,.
FEATURES:
• Slow/Fast Scroll Selectable
• Window Capabilities
• Text & Graphic on same screen
• Superscript/Subscript
• Reverse Screen/Reverse Video
• No Hardware Modification Needed
Cassette
Diskette.
$19.95
$24,95
Ltd
DEALER INQUIRIES INVITED
We pay all shipping. All orders shipped in
24 hours. N.Y, residents please add sales
tax. Canadian orders please send M.O, in
U.S. funds only,
4 -r~ "W 7"
16K
ECB
y
f the
GRAPH GRAPHICS
RAINBOW
J**
3 D Graph
Plotting
of Multiple
Variables
By Bob Delbourgo
When a quantity Z depends on a single variable X, it is
convenient to plot a two-dimensional graph of Z against X
and get a picture of their relationship — your Color Compu-
ter and video screen are marvelous aids in this respect. But
whenZ depends on two variables, say X and Y, the graphical
plot ought more properly to be three-dimensional, whereas
you are stuck with a flat video screen. In spite of this limita-
tion, it is possible to get a 'perspective'view of the depend-
ence by slanting the Y axis on the screen relative to the X
axis and then plotting Z upwards from the so-determined
X,Y coordinate, This is how scientific data are often pre-
sented in journals and books.
The program below shows you how to accomplish this on
your computer. 1 have arbitrarily chosen X and Y to run
from -10 to + 10 and have constrained Z to runfromO to 100;
but you can easily adapt the program to other ranges of
values.
The spacing between contours has been taken as two
(lines 12 and 13) and the resulting pattern forms a "net;"
again you can vary this spacing yourselves to make finer or
coarser meshes, It is also possible to shade in the elevated
and distorted grid to form a checkerboard 'quilt'; but this
program takes a lot longer to run(if you want a good picture
at least) because the contours must be drawn at fine inter-
vals, from the back towards the front. 1 have chosen
PM0DE1 as a compromise between resolution and pa-
tience but, even so, quilts take a long time to map out.
However, the results are very pleasing and, 1 think, well
worth the wait. By using further graphics pages and flipping
through them you can modify the program and make the
quilts changeshape. Also you can overlay quilts with others;
but be careful to move from the bottom upwards when
superimposing.
The dependence of Z on X and Y appears in Line 30, and it
gives avoided napkin'picture. Asa suggestion, try changing
the dependence to the following cases to arrive at other
interesting shapes.
Z = 100*EXP(-(ABS(X*X-Y*Y)/ 100))
'diagonally folded napkin
Z= 100*EXP(-(ABS(X)+ABS(Y))/5)
'spike
Z = 50*(1 + C#S(X/3)*C#S(Y/3))
'two-dimensional wave
Z = (X*X + Y*Y - 100)*(X*X + Y*Y - 100)/ 120
'hat
Z = 100*EXP(-(X*X + Y*Y)/50)
'bell
Z = (I00-X*X + Y*Y)/2
Saddle
Z = 8*SQR(200 - X*X - Y*Y)
inverted sphere
Z = 140 - 10*SQR(X*X + Y*Y)
*eone
Z=(X*X + Y*Y)/2-20
paraboloid
Z = 5*(20 - ABS(X+Y) - ABS(X-Y))
'pyramid
Naturally you will have your own ideas about possible
dependences: test these out quickly on the net before pro-
ceeding to the quilt.
13 0287
END... 043E
The listing:
1 DIHA<23) :CLS5:DATA100,6?,38,7,
8,9,42, 75, 108, 141, 174, 175, 176, 14
116 the RAINBOW June, 1983
5, 114,83,52,21,22,23,56,89, 122
2 F0RI=1T023:READA<I) :P0KEA(I)+1
024, 128:P0KEA(I)+1248, 128:NEXTI:
PR I NTS 196, "contour nets and qui 1
ts";
3 PR I NTS427 , " r . del bour go " ; : PR I N
TS456, "15,willowdene av. "; : PRINT
8481 , "hobart , tasmania, austral i a
7005"!
4 S0UND2 18,1: S0UND227 , 1 : S0UND232
, 1 : S0UND239 , 1 : S0UND232 , 1 : S0UND22
7, 1 I S0UND218, 1 I F0RT=1 TO 1000: NEXT
5 CLS0:PRINT@229, "NETS(N) OR QUI
LTS(Q) ?"; :PRINT@352, "PRESS R TO
RETURN TO MENU AT END";
6 I *= I NKE Y* : I F I *= " " THEN6
7 IFI*="N"THEN10
8 IFI*="Q"THEN20
9 60T06
1 0 C=0 : P0KE65495 , 0 : PM0DE4 , 1 : PCLS
: SCREEN 1,0
1 1 FORJ=0TO200STEP20: FORK=0TO50S
TEP5: PSET ( J+K+6, 2*K+92, 1 ) : NEXTK,
J
12 FORX=-10TO10STEP2:FORY=-10TO1
0STEP. 1 : BOSUB30: GOSUB40: NEXTY, X
1 3 FOR Y=- 1 0TO 1 0STEP2 : FOR X =- 1 0TO 1
0STEP. 1 : GOSUB30 : GOSUB40 : NE X T X , Y :
P0KE65494 , 0
14 I F I NKE Y*= " R " THEN5
15 60T014
20 P0KE65495, 0: PMODE 1,1: PCLS 1 : SC
REEN1 , 1 : C0L0R8, 5
21 FORI =6TO206STEP20: LINE < 1,92)-
<I+50, 192) ,pset:nexti
22 FORI=92TO192STEP10: LINE (1/2-4
0, I)-<I/2+160, I),PSET:NEXTI
23 FORY=-10TO10STEP. 1 : FORX=-10TO
10STEP. 1
24 GOSUB30 : G0SUB35 : GOSUB40 : NE X T X
,Y:POKE65494,0
25 SCREEN 1,0: FORT=l TO500 : NE X TT
26 I F I NKE Y*= " R " THEN5
27 SCREEN 1,1: FORT=l TO500 : NEXTT: 8
0T025
30 Z=70*EXP<-ABS<X*Y)/40)
31 RETURN
35 C=INT(X/2)-2*INT(X/4)+5+INT(Y
/2) -2* I NT ( Y/4) : IFC=7THENC=5
36 RETURN
40 A=131+10*X+2.5*Y:B=142+5*Y
41 IFB<Z THENB=Z
42 IFB>Z+192THENB=Z+192
43 PSET < A , B-Z , C+ 1 ) : RETURN
YOUR COLOR COMPUTER JUST EARNED A MATH DEGREE!
MATHMENU
Developed by an engineer, Mathmenu is a
powerful menu-driven system to turn your
Color Computer into an intelligent, flexible
tool for mathematics and engineering.
Mathmenu takes the tedium out of math,
leaving your full brain power to attack the
"meat" of your problems. By rapidly mani-
pulating matrices and vectors, performing
integration and differentiation, solving
quadratic equations, plotting user defined
functions and much more, Mathmenu can
help simplify the most complex problems.
Whether you are a student or a professional,
if you use math, you need Mathmenu,
FEATURING:
• 3D SURFACE PLOTTING — Plots a user defined equation on an
X,Y,Z coordinate system in the High-Res graphics mode. Planes,
surfaces of revolution, statistical surfaces, etc. can be easily plotted.
Surfaces may be saved to disk or tape. We believe this is the only program
of its kind commercially available for the Color Computer.
PLUS:
• Complete MATRIX Operations •
(up to 8 x 8) •
• Complete VECTOR Operations •
• Numerical Differentiation •
• Numerical Integration
• Least Squares Curve Fitting •
• Binomial Expansion
• Prime Number Verification •
• Main Menu with Single-key Selection
2D Function Plotting
Rectangular to Polar Conversions
Base Conversions
Large Number Addition and
Multiplication
Reverse Polish Logic Calculator
with Hexadecimal
Quadratic Equation Roots
and Return (Disk Only)
Complete documentation of all functions is included.
For 32K Disk $49.95 ni • D r , , , DylC r/n
For 16K Cassette $44.95 Plotting Reqmres Extended BASIC
Documentation only $5.00 (refundable with purchase)
Or write for free brochure.
VISA*
Inter <y> ^Action
113 Ward Street • Dept. R • New Haven, CT 06519 • (203) 562-5748
June, 1983 the RAINBOW 117
A UTOTERM Won't Make
Coffee, But Causes Quite A Stir
By Randolf W. Graham
You see, in a review, you need to say something negative
about the product. You have to show that you took a cold,
hard look at it. And so, I will put it right up front. A UTO-
TERM not make coffee! What it will do is everything
you have ever wished a terminal program would do — and
many things you never dreamed of.
The Big Picture
The wave of the present in personal computing is net-
working, being connected to a giant computer by telephone
lines. We no longer buy programs on media by mail, nor do
we type them in laboriously from magazine listings; we
download them from CompuServe or the Rainbow Connec-
tion. We are not limited to talking to fellow CoConuts at the
local club; we exchange messages on bulletin boards all over
the country. No more trips to the library for scholarly
research; we seek inf ormation f rom the databases of Dialog,
BRS, Dow Jones, etc.
To join the Network Generation, you need an account
number and password (for the commercial services), a tele-
phone to which you attach a modem (a device to translate
the computers' bit streams into frequencies which can relia-
bly travel over telephone lines) and a personal computer.
CoCo owners plug the modem cable into the serial 1/ O port.
You need one more thing: a program to convert your com-
puter into a "smart" terminal which can communicate with
the big computer (called the "host"). Enter A UTOTERM,
AUTOTERM, produced and marketed by Phil Zwart,
PXE Computing, joins a number of terminal programs now
on the market. Compared to the three others with which I
am familiar, A UTOTERM is the Best of Class. Let me tell
you why.
Getting Started
A UTOTERM comes on a cassette with manual. Spend a
lot of time studying the manual. The author gives a thor-
ough and painstaking tutorial on the use of the program.
This is one time you cannot read the instructions last; you
will miss too much. When ready, CLOADM and EXEC.
You will be given a main menu to choose three modes: text
editing, terminal and keystroke multipliers. BREAK will
always get you back to the main menu, as will RESET.
Surprise, you do not lose text in memory when you hit
RESET.
Choose # 1 . In rapid order, type SHIFT-CLEAR to get to
commands, U for user options and BEP. The cursor will
flash by this option. Type N and ENTER. That stops the
beep tone which has been driving you crazy every time you
touched a key. I did not give this feature a full test, but my
intuition is that my sanity would last about a minute and a
half with those beeps. You may want to go through the same
routine with the "BOP" option which gives you a "Boo"
when you do something wrong. Of course, you can always
turn down the volume.
While in the text mode, play around. You will find that
entering text is fairly normal. You can backspace to correct,
ENTER only to start a new paragraph, etc. A neat f eature is
that the arrow keys repeat. If you hold one down, the cursor
will skip along very rapidly. Scrolling up and down is a
breeze with this feature. When you are through exploring,
delete what you have by going to the command mode
SHIFT-CLEAR and type D. Prompts at the top will guide
you to delete the whole mess and clear your memory. Back
to main menu for the next mode.
Going Online
Assuming that you have a CompuServe password and a
modem, select the terminal mode and then call up and log on
in the usual way. If you are used to using a terminal pro-
gram, you will not have trouble with A UTOTERM. While
online, read something you want to save.Do not download
it — it is not necessary with A UTOTERM. Logoff in the
usual way.
Now the fun begins. Use your arrows to scroll up and
down. All the text is still in memory. Switch to edit mode. It
is still there. Clean it up. Delete all the conversation and
prompts between you and the computer. Save only the text
you want to print or save to tape. Have a BASIC program?
Save it — and only it — to tape. No extra text to give you a
DS ERROR when you try to CLOAD it later. Go to the
command mode and type S. You will be prompted how to
save it. The manual tells you how to insert control codes to
save BASIC, binary, ASCII, machine language and picture
files.
Want to print out hard copy? A UTOTERM gives you a
ADVANCED MATH PROGRAMS
for
ENGINEERS • PHYSICISTS • STUDENTS
FUNCTION GRAPHING MODULE 16K EXT-S19.95
* HIGH RESOLUTION GRAPHS
* GRAPH ANY FUNCTION — 4 AT ONCE
* PARAMETERS EASY TO CHANGE
* AUTO-SCALING OPTIMIZES GRAPH SIZE
* FIND AND COMPUTE FUNCTION VALUES &
ZEROS
* INTERSECTION OF FUNCTIONS
* COMPLETE MANUAL — PROGRAM ON TAPE
CALCULUS MATH MODULE 32K EXT-$34.95
* STARTS WITH THE GRAPHING MODULE
* LOAD UP 9 FUNCTIONS AT ONCE
' FIND AND COMPUTE MAXIMA & MINIMA
* NUMERIC INTEGRATION & DIFFERENTIATION
* COMPOSITE AREAS
* HANDLES PIECEWISE CONTINUOUS FUNCTIONS
* HARD COPIES OF DATA AND/OR GRAPH
* COMPLETE MANUAL — PROGRAM ON TAPE
/ CALCSOFT
a / P.O. BOX 401
VST. ANN, MO 63074
CHECK OR MONEY ORDER — $1.00 for
shipping
I :
118 the RAINBOW June, 1983
PRICKLY- PEAR SOFTWARE
QUALITY PROGRAMS FOR YOUR COCO & TDP-100
PROGRAMS REQUIRE 16K EXTENDED BASIC FOR TAPE, AND 32K DISK UNLESS OTHERWISE NOTED.
\\
The drawing to the right is a representation of the screen
during play. The eight elevators in the center shafts move
up and down in one of several random patterns. Your man
starts out at the bottom left. You must maneuver him
across the screen to the other side while avoiding the
crushing elevators. When you reach the other side the
elevator in the top right corner will come down and pick
you up. It takes you up one floor, where you must repeat
the process going the other way. If you make it all the way
across the top floor you get a new, faster screen. The on
screen scoring is across the bottom, (15,330 would be a
new record for us) and next to it is a row of heads indicating
how many men you have left. You start with four men, but
they may not last long.
Shaft
It took a long time, but we finally found a 1 00% machine
language arcade game that met our standards. It had to be
good, with outstanding graphics and animation. It had to
be tough at high levels of play, to challenge an expert, but
still have an easier level of play forthe beginneroryounger
child. Maybe hardest of all, we didn't wantanother copyof
some arcade game!!
If you are tired of your friends telling you that the Pac-Mac
running on their whatever brand video game or computer
is better/more like the arcade than your Color Computer
version, here's your chance. Show them SHAFT. It's new
and ORIGINAL, and nobody has anything like it on ANY
other computer (or in the arcades, either).
It starts with one of the most impressive title screens we've
ever seen. Yes, there's full animation and sound even on
the title screen!!! Then you select your level of play. (on a
second hi-resolution title screen) and get down to fun.
The animation is smooth and fast (it gets faster as you go
along), the sound effects are great, and your man is very
detailed. The whole game is done in hi-resolution, multi-
color graphics, and while the game lookseasy enough, it is
very definitely not. I n fact, we will send a gift certificate for
the purchase price to the first 5 people who send us a
picture of the screen showing a score over 50,000, and we
will publish their names in afuturead hall of fame section!!!
You have to be fast with the joystick and play several
moves ahead at the same time if you expect to do well. Are
you up to the challenge? 1 6K — $24.95 TAPE — $29.95
DISK
5330
Your Personal check is welcome - no delay. Include
$1.50 shipping for each program ordered. (Shipping free
on $50.00 or larger orders). Az. residents add 6% sales
tax. Orders shipped within two days.
Stocked by Quality Dealers, or
Send Order To PRICKLY-PEAR SOFTWARE
9822 E. Stella Road
Tucson, Arizona 85730
(602) 886-1505
full range of adjustments to format your page. A common
problem with terminal programs is that you cannot have
your printer hooked up because your modem is plugged into
the I/O port. I do not think it is safe to plug and unplug
peripherals while the computer is on. And so, you have to
save to tape, turn off, unplug, plug, turn on, reload, print
out. I have a DSL switcher to reduce plugging and unplug-
ging and it is a fine accessory here.
A really great feature of AUTOTERM is its ability to
print a whole line. Ever printed out a text file from Compu-
Serve? Know how it prints 32-character lines because of
built-in carriage returns? One of A UTOTERM's options is
to ignore these extra CR's so that you print out whole lines
with automatic wordwrap (words are not split at the end of a
line).
Before leaving the terminal mode, let's explore one other
great feature. Want to call up a bulletin board and leave a
message? Type it out in advance in the text mode and mark it
as a block, as taught in the manual. Now, call up and logon.
Upload your prepared message by typing a single digit! But,
on to greater things.
With Whipped Cream
Time for that third mystery mode. With it, you can prede-
fine a string of characters which is called by typing a single
digit. Back to CompuServe for an example: you can prede-
fine a key for your account number, another for your pass-
word and a third to type "Go PCS- 126" if you want to go
straight to the Color SIG. Dial up, type SHIFT-CLEAR 1,
(S-C) 2 , (S-C) 3 at the proper times and you are in the SIG.
You can even add things like ENTER at the end of each
command. You almost have to see this feature to believe it.
Believe it, for greater things are yet to be.
COLOR COMPUTER SOFTWARE
Adventure games
- THE ALCHEMIST'S LABORATORY - $14.95
mix the ingredients that will
turn lead into gold.
- LOKAR'S MAGIC STAFF - $14.95
can you unlock the deadly secrets of LOKAR'S magic staff?
- MEGAMAZE - $14.95
a wild, five dimensional space maze adventure.
- SQUEEZE - $14.95
\ arcade style game where aliens close in from both sides at
I once.
- GRAPHIC SCREEN EDITOR - $16.95
create pictures on the screen using joysticks or arrow keys-
save on tape, erase, paint, and many other features.
- COLOR SHOW DISPLAYS - $8.95
five graphics programs that create endless changing pat-
terns.
all programs 16-K extended basic cassette only.
Send for free catalogue. We accept checks, money orders,
Visa and Mastercharge. (no C.O.D.'s) Please add $1.00 for
shipping. Send to:
REAL SOFTWARE CO.
P.O. BOX 401 • HOPEDALE, MA 01747
(617) 393-6281
CIS orders EMAIL to 71505,430
Mass. residents add 5% sales tax Dealer inquiries welcomed
And A Cherry On Top
The Keystroke Multiplier mode allows what the author
calls "Computer Dialogues." This means that if you know
your logon procedure involves certain queries by the host
computer and responses by you, you can preprogram this
"dialogue." As each query is received, your terminal recog-
nizes it and automatically makes the proper response and
you are online in minimum time. Flexibility is possible
through "Wild Card" options.
Inf ormation specialists — those of you who play in the big
leagues with Dialog, BRS, NYT and so forth — will perk up
your ears when I say "search strategy." CompuServe's $5 per
hour is like a trip to the movies. But when you are paying up
to $120 per hour for connect time (figured to the nearest
hundredth of a minute), minimizing online time is a survival
technique. Well, A UTOTERM \s what you have been look-
ing for. You can set your logon protocols as described and
you can preload your search strategy in the text mode. Get
on, run the search and get off as soon as possible. Then, go
back and clean up your text, format it for printing and print
out j ust what you want to give your customer. It is the f astest
database searching I have seen on a home computer.
Nobody's Perfect
Every program has its limitations, and A UTOTERM has
a few. It is a long program — 12K bytes. When I load it into
my 32K machine, the memory indicator shows that I have
about 1 8. 5K available memory.
It is awkward to insert text. You must insert spaces, then
go back and fill them in, and finally wipe out any extras.
Pretty tedious for someone like me who has to do a lot of
revising. I wish it was as easy to insert as it is to delete.
The documentation is a little thin. The manuals you get
for the information service will talk about control characters
and parameters that must be used. These are not given in a
convenient way in A UTOTERM's manual. You just have to
experiment.
A strange feature is that I experienced keyboard bounce
for the first time. Shades of old Model I. Perhaps this could
be fine-tuned out with a little fiddling with the options.
Summary
I tried every feature of A UTOTERM except its ability to
work with an automatic-answering modem to achieve what
sounds like really automatic computing. The day seems to
be drawing near when they won't need us anymore after we
push the button.
Everything works. I did not get perfect results on every
try, but I think that was due to unfamiliarity with the pro-
gram's full power. There is a lot of adjusting and tinkering
possible to get just the right configuration. Once done, you
can save your customized pattern of options to tape for
regular reuse. Unfortunately, Rainbow only gives you a few
days to do a review and fiddling time is limited. But in the
f ew days I used it, I f ound that I was getting familiar with the
actions I most often used.
I would not hesitate to recommend A UTOTERM to a
friend. If you are thinking about getting into networking,
this will be a good investment. The manual will lead you by
the hand into effective utilization and you can grow into its
exotic features. You will never outgrow it. Experienced
networkers will find here the help and the capabilities they
have wanted for years.
(PXE Computing, 11 Vicksburg Lane, Richardson, TX
75080, $39.95)
120 the RAINBOW June, 1983
The PROFESSIONAL Keyboard
A direct plug-in
replacement for your
Color Computer.
♦Simple Installation
(No glueing or cutting)
♦Redefinable Keys
(Free Software Included)
♦No Extra Charge for TDP/F
Model
$ 8995
"A Model 1 keyboard
in a Color Computer case.
This product is a real gem/'
Rainbow Review, March 1983
* All TDP/F orders please specify
'The Spectrum Switcher
is a fantastic device"
RAINBOW review, April,
1983, Page 207
SPECTRUM SWITCHER
$99.95
RAINBOW
Have your Disk and Cartridge too! ™ n ™
Transforms a Color Computer into a dual slot
system. Comes with extender cable.
SPECTRUM PROJECTS
93 15 86th DRIVE WOODHAVEN, NY 11421
I 212 441 2807
all orders plus $2 S/H, N.Y. residents add sales rax
from SPECTRUM PROJECTS
EX
Die must CoCo book
for 1983. Contains a
myriad of peeks and
pokes, ROM and RAM
upgrades, machine
language backups,
printer potpouri and
more! Make your
computer do things it
never did before.
.... $14,95
1 I 1 I * i t i i t i i ■■ ■ t i i ■ n i t i -r-
COCO COOLER— Internal cooling
system. Prevent heat buildup
inside your Color Computer,
"CoCo Cooler keeps things
cool,"— Rainbow Review, Dec,
1982 Page 39 $49.95
I — 1
THE SPECTRUM PADDLE-
Enjoy quicker response and
higher game scores, Great
for games with side-to-side
action like Astro Blast, Space
Invaders, Shooting Gallery
and Clowns and Balloons,
Includes "softtouch" fire
button. "You have better
control of the right to left
movement than with any
joystick we have seen so
far"— Rainbow Review, Jan,,
1983, Page 134 $19.95
DISK INTERFACE/ROM PACK
EXTENDER - 3 FEET. Move your disks
and ROM packs where you want
them, Gold plated contacts
eliminate corrosion. $29.95
MORE CABLES . . .
Coaxial RF Adapter Cable and
8 Ft, RG59/u Coaxial Cable 39.95*
Cassette Recorder Extension $14.95
SAM Saver (LED On/Off indicator)$14.95
LIGHT PEN-Plugs right in to
your joystick port and reads
the colors off " your screen.
Includes four demo pro-
grams and is completely
compatible with Computer
Island's Fun-Pak software.
$19.95
FOUR-PIN MALE TO FOUR PIN
FEMALE— 15 FEET. Move your
printer or modem to another
location— easier use.. ,$1495
i I 4 • t b ( b I I HM44H'
Add $3 for Shipping
and Handling
Joystick Cable Extension
Disk Drive Extender
Serial Cable (specify printer).
Joystick "Y" Adapter
Two Drive Coble .
Parallel Printer Coble
Four Drive Coble
Customized Cables
•Replaces gray audio cable to
help reduce TV interference.
Direct 75 ohm hookup.
.$14.95
.$14.95
.$17.95
.$19.95
.$29.95
.$34.95
.$39,95
_CALL
COLOR COMPUTER EDITOR
ASSEMBLER AND DEBUGGER
CC£AD is a high quality program and
excellent value CCEAD Is o*to»l that no
assembly longuage programmer can offord
tob« without /'-RAINBOWRevlew. February,
1983* $6,95
THE STRIPPER
D©l©te$ REMarks, pocks linesand removes
blanks.
ss H#w much Memory can you save? About
25% average RAINBOW Review, February,
1983 $7,95
93-16 66th DRFVE
WOOOHAVm N.V, 11421
(212) 441-2807 (VOICE)
(212) 441-3756 (DATA)
Order both and save a buck!
Coll the Rainbow Connection At (212) 441*3755 (212} 441-3766 for Rainbow Programs & Reviews
DEALER/CLUB INQUIRIES WELCOME
New York State Residents add appropriate taxes
Tired of plugging and unplugging
devices from the RS232 port of your Color
Computer? Moke your life easier. Buy our
RS232 expansion cable and connect two
devices at the same time, Just right for
printers, modems, etc. Anything that plugs
Into the Color Computer will plug Into this
high quality cable.
RS232 Cable $20.00
RS 232 Switcher $34.95
*3 Position
COLORCOM/E BONUSI Order
COLORCOM/E and get the RS232 cable
for only $15.00, Save $5.00
32K RAM Button
Nanos System Reference Cord
$2.99
.$3.99
SPECTRUM PUTS THE SIAM ON RAM
16K Chllps
64K Chips
8aslc ROM 1.1
EPROM PROGRAMMER (2716 & 68764).
6883 (SAM) Chip with heat sink
6809E
$9.95/set
$49.95/set
$36.00
$99.95
$29.95
$29.95
CoCo First Aid Kit (Be Prepared)
(2 682T5, 6809E, & 6883)
.$69.95
AN3 I OIM
Color Computer Tech Manual
Epson Printer Interface (Serial I/O Port),
Lowercase Kit
The Spectrum Sketchpad (Panostyk),
Extended Basic ROM
$7.95
49.95
ONLY $69,95
$79,95
$84,00
The Spectrum Control Center . 399.95 4
CaCa CooCoo (24 Hour Clack) - 399.95
Color-80BBS Pockage (Silicon Rainbow)- $ 1 1 5.00**
RS Disk Interface— (Spectrum Special) $139.95
'Includes Printer/Modem S.vltch, Cossett Motor, OrvOff
$.vltch, Power LED Indicoter, Panef Meter, and all CoCo's
rea rjacks in a slope front cabinet!
"Requires 64K, 2 Drives & Hayes Modem
SMART TERMINAL PACKAGE
WE DIDNT WAIT for the competition to catch up with usl We Ve added even MORE
features to COLORCOM/E, our superb Smart Terminal program for the Color
Computer. Compare before you buy* NOBODY offers you morel
★ Complete Upload and Download Support
★ Online Cassette/Disk Reads and Writes
★ 110, 300, 600, or 1200 Baud
★ Full or Half Duplex
★ Preenter Data 8efore Calling (Saves $$'s)
★ Offline and Online Scrolling
* Automatic Capture of Files
★ Send All 127 ASCII Characters From Keyboard
★ Word Mode Eliminates split Words
* 7 or 8 Data Bits (Including Graphics Support)
* Efficient Data Storage S-t-r~e-t-c-h-e-s Memory
★ ROM Pack or Disk
COLORCOM/E $49.95
AND, our efficient storage and easy edltlna of received data _ jaL _
makes printing to your printer offline a snap. Select any portion of
the received data for printing. No need to print everything. rainbow
Add $3 for Shipping and Handling TAOC llTII . ^ ^&£$?
rr 9 9 TAPE UTILITY by Thomas OllqKEWp
64K DISK UTILITY PACKAGE
1 40K - Tired of seeing 22823?
2 ROMCRACK - Now place your ROMPAC
Software on Oiskl
3 Software Print Spooler — Tired of waiting
for your printer? output data to a RAM
buffer a nd go back t o p/ogrammi ngi Now
works with LPVIJ! (600 Boudor better)
Rrice-$21,05 40K on Tape-$9.95
Call the Rainbow Connection At
£ A powerful program thot permits In e user taeoa'ry maintain,
^tj backup, and catalog both tape and disk programs.
1 TDR— Tapedireclary
^Mr 2- COP— Tape to tape copy
3. PTD— List tape directory to printer
4. D1R— Directory of disk
5. PGR— Rint disk directoiy
6. DTT— Copy file from disk to tope
7. TTD— Copy file trom tape to disk
6. BAC-**Autodisktotapebockup*"l
Cassette or Disk - $24.95
(212) 441-3755 & (212) 441-3766 for Rainbow Programs & Reviews
SPECTRUM PROJICT*
ttM&aethomvE {2121441-2007 (votCE)
WOOOKAVEKN.Y 11421 (212) 441-3756 (DATA*
DEALER/CLUB INQUIRIES WELCOME
New York State Residents odd appropriate taxes
Using DA TA
Lines To Cache
Your Creatures
By Bill Nolan
Rainbow Contributing Editor
Those of you who follow the column will recall that last
month we were working on a program to store informa-
tion about monsters. This kind of information is used
in virtually all fantasy role playing games, and there are
often several hundred monsters to choose from. This can
necessitate a lot of looking things up in books.
Also, while it is fairly easy to look up acertainmonsterby
name, it may be more difficult to find all those that fit a
certain range of values as regards armor class, hit dice, or
alignment. As a result, the same few monsters tend to get
used over and over again.
Before 1 go on, let me give a few definitions for you
novices. Armor class is a measure of how hard it is to hit
something in a fight, A monster(or person) may havea good
armor class because of actual armor (tough skin, scales,
plate mail, etc.) which makes weapons and blows bounce
off. A good armor class can also be obtained by a monster
that is exceptionally fast and agile, and thus too elusive to
easily hit. In most games, the lower the armor class number,
the better the armor class, and minus numbers may be
common.
Hit dice is a measure of how much damage a monster can
withstand before being killed, and a larger number of hit
dice is better (for the monster). On the average, it will take
about one blow with a sword for every hit die a monster has
to kill it. Of course, all these blows would have to connect,
and not bounce off the armor, or miss.
Alignment refers to the moral stance of the monster or
person. Alignment can be good or evil, lawful or chaotic, or
a combination such as lawful good. It can also be neutral,
124 the RAINBOW June, 1983
which could be compared to the person who doesn't vote in
an election because they don't care who wins.
Now, let's takea look at the program, ltstores the follow-
ing information about each monster:
•type of monster
•armor class
•movement rate
•hit dice
•number of attacks
•damage per attack
•special attacks
•special defenses
•magic resistance
•intelligence
•alignment
•size
This information is stored in DA TA lines beginning at
line 2000. As you can see, I have put in a few monsters, but
you will want to add more. There must be twelve DATA
items for each monster, as listed above, and you can use as
many DATA lines as your memory will allow. 16K should
allow at least 100 or so, and lots more with 32K. Do a
PMODEQ.PCLEAR I before loading the program. You
can use any unused line number between 2000 and 4999 for
additional monsters.
In the program itself, line 20 dimensions the two arrays
used. If you have more than 50 monsters, you will have to
change the 50 following MAS to a higher number. Line 22
reads the DATA in line 1900 into an array CH$(X).
BASIC AID
AT LAST! Help for the BASIC programmer. BASIC AID is a n indespensable addition to the Color
Computer. It will save you valuable time and effort. If you write or modify BASIC programs,
you need BASIC AID.
You get 43 Common BASIC commands available as single Control Key inputs, Greatly
speeds up program entry,
A powerful feature is the ability to redefine any or all of the keys to your own specifications
PLUS you get invaluable features such as a MERGE command. Move Line command and
Automatic Line Numbering.
MERGE— Insert programs stored on
cassette into your Basic program.
You can even assign new line
numbers to the program you read
in. Great for creating your own
tape library.
^ MOVE— Lets you move and renumber any
part of your Basic program. GOTOs
and GOSUBs are automatically
changed.
Redefine any or all keys! Put in your most
frequently used commands, Then save
them to tape for use another time.
"An excellent program
and tine utility —
— RAINBOW review,
August, 1982, Page 27
MERGE ttOTt ON/OFF
» 1 » f 1
M. AWK SET
Sl/F? USE*
1 T
l I
c I
I J_
CHR5 ItN
' T
< I
I I
J L.
OK/orr Mr
1 • —
i ■
1HACI tltC
i 1 r
RUN
clear rcit»* com
— i r
-J L
J
r
i r
j I
» i
IIFT
MID
mom
THEM
n r
i 1
J L
ooiu»
1 T
Of>E»
T I
i OAT* FOH O pTQ
]□□□
□ □□
!□□[
f »
I >
L
r<JME
SCREEN
LIME
ftUPjQ CMVfl CLOAO ST IP SlTjjHP MEET »OTOR
Dll
!□□[
ii t r i »
_l I I I I I L
VRIMT
* I
J L
PRIMf HEM
BASIC AID
1M
All of this in a convenient ROM cartridge which is available instantly on power-up. And, it
uses almost none of your valuable memory Comes with a convenient, easy to remove,
plastic keyboard overlay. _
BASIC AID CARTRIDGE
Disk Basic Aid $49 95
Tull Screen Editing
'Cross Reference
* Automatic Line Numbering
'Automatic Key Repeat
*2 Key Entry of Basic Keywords
"User Definable Keys
'Label Support
$34.95
Add $3 Shipping and Handling
SPECTRUM PROJECTS
93 15 66th DRIVE <212}441 -2807 (VOICE)
WOODMAVEN, MY. 1 1421 (212) 44V3755(DATA>
CHECKOUT OUR COLOR BBS 1 AT (212) 441-3755
RAINBOW
CERTIFICATION
SEAL
1
Lines 30 through 85 read all of the monster DATA into
the main array MAS. Because it checks for the DATA
"EOD" (end of data) before reading in each monster, the
program doesn't care how many monsters there are.
Lines 200 through 280 print the menu on the screen and
get your choice before branching to the correct search rou-
tine. Lines 400 to 410 do a search by name of monster. The
name you input must be the same — letterf or letter and space
for space — as the first DA TA item about that monster or the
monster will not be found. Computers have no sense of
humor about spelling.
Lines 600 to 620 search for a monster having more than a
certain number of hit dice, and the computer will prompt
you for a number to use as a basis for the search. Since the
hit dice are stored as a string in the array MAS, line 610
converts the first two characters of the string into a number.
This allows the program to handle things like "9 to 1 1 "and
"4 + 3." In the first case, the first two characters are 9 and a
space, which is converted into the number 9, and the 4 and
space in the second case are converted into a 4. However, if
the space was lef t out between the 4 and the "+, " then the "+"
would be the second character and would result in a value of
zero being returned. For this reason, make sure you leave a
space after the first number in the hit dice DATA element.
Lines 800 to 820 are almost identical to the 600s, except
that the program is searching for monsters with hit dice less
than the target value rather than greater. The big difference
is the symbol between the "Z" and the "T" in 610 and 810.
Lines 1000 and 1010 search for a certain alignment, and
the same caution regarding spelling applies here as well as to
the name. Lines 1 200 to 1 220 search f or monsters having an
armor class equal to or better than the target value you
COMPUTER
BUSINESS FORMS
Continuous forms, labels, paper, checks,
invoices, statements— all with your
imprint. Continuous letterhead with a
perf so fine that you need a magnifying
glass to tell it's a fan fold sheet.
Matching envelopes.
Regular letterhead, business forms and
cards also.
Send sample for quote. Send $3.00
(refundable on first order) for our
catalog.
Catalog also includes computer
furniture.
D€S€RT PR€SS, INC.
P. O. Box 151 28
Las Vegas, Nevada 891 1 4
input. Here again, the left two characters are used, so be sure
to put a space after all the numbers if there is more than a
simple number in your DATA statement. (These cautions
about a space after hit die and armor class numbers in the
DATA lines don't apply if the number has two digits.)
The sections at 600, 800, 1000, and 1 200 will bring up all of
the monsters fitting the selection criteria. They will be dis-
played one at a time, and you press any key to go to the next
one. After the last one, or if none are found which meet the
criteria, you will be returned to the menu.
Line 1400 ends the program if you select that choice from
the menu, and lines 1450 to 1470 are the subroutine that
prints out the information about each monster.
By the way, the programs in this column are for use by
people who play fantasy role playing games. They are not
games themselves. Every month I get letters from people
who typed in the program and then can't get the computer to
play the game. So, if you aren't a fantasy gamer, these
programs may not be of use to you. However, the gaming
industry estimates that between 15 and 20 million people in
the U.S. play fantasy games, and a recent survey indicated
that 95 percent of those had a personal computer. That
explains why computer magazines run articles on using your
computer for a fantasy game!
Till next month, remember — this is "Be Kind to Dragons"
month. But then, who would be mean to a Dragon?
275 01 FC
1200. . . 041 E
END. . . .0748
The listing:
10 CLS
15 PR I NT" READING DATA"
20 DIM MA*<50,11),CH*<11>
22 FOR X-0 TO 11: READ CH*<X):NEX
TX
25 CC-0
30 READ At: IF A»« " EOD "THEN 200
40 MA*<CC,0)-A*
50 FOR X-l TO 11: READ MA*<CC,X>
80 NEXT X
85 COCC+l:GOTO 30
200 REN MAIN MENU
205 CLS
210 PRINT" 1. SEARCH FOR A NAME"
220 PR I NT "2. SEARCH ABOVE CERT A I
N HD"
230 PR I NT "3. SEARCH BELOW CERT A I
N HD"
240 PR I NT "4. SEARCH BY ALIGNMENT
it
250 PR I NT 11 5. SEARCH FOR BETTER T
HAN A CERTAIN AC"
259 PRINT"6. END THE PROGRAM"
260 PR I NT: PR I NT "KEY THE NUMBER O
F YOUR CHOICE" :K»- I NKEY*
270 K«-INKEY»:K-VAL(K»):IF K<1 O
R K>6 THEN GOTO 270
279 SOUND 150,1
2G0 ON K GOTO 400,600,600,1000,1
200, 1400
400 CLS : INPUT "WHAT MONSTER" I Tt: S
OUND 150, l: FOR X-0 TO CC-HIF MA
126
the RAINBOW June, 1983
%» »|a ^0 ^» ml* «f# .%#
#|» #|» #|» #j» #|» #j* *|* *|* #^ *|* *|* *|* *|* *|* *|* *|* *|* *|* *|* *|* *|* *|* *|* *|* *|* *|* *|* *|* *|* *|* *|* #|* #g*
STICK INTERFACE
# "BREAKING ALL
# SALES RECORDS"
# Bob Rosen
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
#
*
*
*
*
*
THE
"Recommend to
anyone who enjoys
games on his CoCo."
RAINBOW Review,
March 1983
*
#
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
•Mm *30 ^0 mj+ mS* *l0 *l0 +1* +3* mj* +3* ml* +9+ m\tm
^* ^* ^* ^* #|% W
Now you can
hookup two Atari* type
joysticks to your Color Computer
or TDP System-100 for only $19.95
$39.95 -The Interface with two Atari* joysticks
* Interface made by WICO. Atari is
a registered trademark of Atari, Inc.
*
*
*
*
*
YES!
PLEASE SEND:
( ) INTERFACES... $19.95
( ) STICK/INTERFACE SETs... $39.95
all orders plus $3 shipping
NAME
ADDRESS
CITY,STATE,ZIP
N.Y. residents add sales tax
SPECTRUM PROJECTS
93-15 86th DRIVE
WOODHAVEN, NY 11421
212- 441- 2807
^It ^» ^» ^» ^» ^» ^» ^» ^» ^1* wt> wfc <|>
*!• ^* ^* ^* ^* ^* ^* ^* ^* ^* ^* ^* ^* *l* ^* ^* ^* ^* ^* ^* *l* *l* ^* <r|> <r|V <r|> <r|> <r|> ^% <r|>
*<X,0>-T* THEN QOSUB 1490: GOTO 2
CC-1
610 Z-VAL(LEFT*(MA*(X,3) ,2) ) I
Z<T THEN GOSUB 1490
820 NEXT X:GOTO 200
1000 CL8: INPUT " WHAT ALIGNMENT" I T
*: SOUND 190, l: FOR X-0 TO CC-1 : IF
MA*<X,10)-T* THEN GOSUB 1490
1010 NEXT XIGOTO 200
1200 CLS: INPUT "WHAT ARMOR CLASS"
I T; SOUND 130,1
1210 FOR X-0 TO CC-1 :Z-VAL (LEFT*
<MA*<X,1),2>>:IF Z-<T THEN GOSUB
1490
1220 NEXT X:GOTO 200
1400 CLS: END
1490 CLS: FOR Y-0 TO ll:PRINTCH*<
y>i :printma»<x,y>:next y
1460 print: pr i nt 11 press any key t
o go on"i:k»-inkey»
1470 IF INKEY»-"" THEN 1470
SOUND 190, l: RETURN
1900 DATA "NAME " , "AC
","MOVE ", "HIT DICE —
","# OF AT. — ", "DAM/ ATTACK " , "S
P. ATTACK ","SP. DEF. — ", "MAGIC
RES. "," INTEL. ", "ALIGNMENT
- "SIZE "
2000 DATA GOBLIN, 6, 6,1 (1-7 HP),
1,1-6 OR BY WEAPON, NIL, NIL, NORMA
L, AVERAGE, LAWFUL EVIL, SMALL (4'
TALL)
2010 DATA MINOTAUR, 6, 12,6 +3,2,
2-6 OR 1-4/BY WEAPON TYPE, NIL, SU
RPRISED ONLY ON A 1 , NORMAL , LOW , C
HAOTIC EVIL, LARGE
2020 DATA RED DRAGON, —1 , 9/24, 9 T
O 11,3, 1-6/ 1-8/3-30, BREATH WEAPO
N + P088IBLE MAGIC USE , N I L , NORMA
. -"" , LARGE
, - OR 1,3
-16/3-18 OR 4-24, NIL, NIL, NORMAL,
ANIMAL, NEUTRAL, LARGE (60' WINGS)
9000 DATA EOD
PRICKLY-PEAR SOFTWARE
QUALITY PROGRAMS FOR YOUR COCO
& TDP-100
PROGRAMS REQUIRE 16K EXTENDED BASIC FOR
TAPE, AND 32K DISK UNLESS OTHERWISE NOTED.
NEW THIS MONTH
Jungle
If you are out for a stroll, what better place than a
jungle? After all, the scenery is nice, and there are all
those pretty birds and flowers and snakes . . . Did I
say snakes? I meant to say spiders ... or was it
headhunters? Anyway, there's always something
interesting in the jungle! All you have to do is take a
little hike from one place to another. Did I mention it
was quite a distance? That's no problem though,
because you have 10 bearers to carry your equip-
ment ... as long as nothing happens to them. That's
it, then. All you have to do is hike down the trail a
piece. I never have any trouble in the jungle myself.
Of course, I've never actually been in the jungle, but
I'm sure if you talked to any of the people who have
made this trip, they'd tell you it was just a pleasant
walk. In fact, if you see any of those people, let me
know. I always have wondered why we never heard
from any of them again ... If you are ready for a real
fun challenge, don't miss JUNGLE. The game is all
text, but your imagination will provide plenty of
graphics!! TAPE - $19.95, DISK - $24.95
Your Personal check is welcome - no delay. Include
$1 .50 shipping for each program ordered. (Shipping
free on $50.00 or larger orders). Az. residents add
6% sales tax. Orders shipped within two days.
At your local dealer, or send order to:
PRICKLY-PEAR SOFTWARE
9822 E. Stella Road
Tucson, Arizona 85730
(602) 886-1505
128 the RAINBOW June, 1983
LOSING BATTLES WITH
GLOOMSTICK?
The feeling of this joystick
is superb
-80 Micro March 1983
PUT THE JOY BACK IN
COLOR COMPUTING
WITH A NEW
Dealer/Club Inquiries Invited
SPECTRUM
STICK
Features include:
Power on/off LED
indicator
Ball joint components
a true feel of control
"More like arcade joy-
sticks than anything
we've yet encountered''
Rainbow review October
1 982, Page 1 1 2
Extra long cables
Sturdy construction
please send( ) SPECTRUM STICK(s) at
$39.95 each plus $3.00 shipping to
name
address
city,state,zip
Hair trigger response
N.Y. Residents Add Appropriate Taxes
"Both the joystick and pushbutton
should have a considerably longer life
than the Radio Shack unit since they are
made of higher quality components"—
Creative Computing Feb., 1983, Issue.
SPECTRUM PROJECTS
93-15 86 th DRIVE
WOODHAVEN, N.Y.
11421
RAINBOW
CERTIFICATION
SEAL
1 ... V
* — L-
RUMORS AND REPORTS
abound as to what might be the future
for our favorite computer. We've heard
just about everything that could possi-
bly come down the pike, but one of the
things that isclear — the Color Compu-
ter, in some form, will be with us for
quite some time. And, too, remember,
that Radio Shack has never obsoleted
any computer. In other words, they
always make certain that all the soft-
ware generally available to one compu-
ter will run on anything that may come
down the pike in the future.
We are not trying to tell you that the
Color Computer will soon die. It just
doesn't seem to be in the cards (sec
another piece of information in this
month's column for some reinforce-
ment of this), but there will be some
changes in CoCo, for sure.
Yet, look at Radio Shack's record. It
has been several years since they pro-
duced the Model 1, yet they continue to
produce sof tware and other items which
are usefulon the Model I. And,asfaras
the aftermarket is concerned, there is
still a hef ty business in Model 1 sof tware
and hardware.
The point simply is that were Radio
Shack to end production of the present
Color Computer tomorrow, it would be
years and years before they would stop
producing software and hardware to
support it. And, outsiders would con-
tinue to produce material, too.
Taking all that into perspective, we
h^ar two general stories: First, thai
there will be a "No Frills" Color Com-
puter to come along and that. Second,
there will be a "Super" CoCo, too. In
any event, software for all systems
would be usable on one another
given memory and certain other
requirements,
We do not have confirmation of any
of this, but we hear that "No Frills"
would be in the low price range that
would compete with such as Commo-
dore and TL It probably would not have
Extended Basic and may have no
socket f or adding it, It certainly would
have an RS-232 for printer and com-
munications output. And, of course, a
ROM Port and joysticks,
"Super" CoCo, on the other hand,
would probably have an even more
powerful video display there is the
possibility of as many as 2,000 colors
— and a 64 character screen display.
Will the screen be built in? We don't
know. Will it have built-in disk drives?
Maybe.
At this stage, ail thesearc rumorsand
reports, with nothing whatsoever con-
firmed. However, they seem to indicate
that Tandy — unlike some reports you
may have read elsewhere — is commit-
ted to the Color Computer concept.
And no wonder, it has been a major
seller for them for a couple of years
now.
SOFTWARE CITY IS A name you
may be hearing a lot more about in the
future. The firm has 18 franchises oper-
ating nationally, with a whole lot more
scheduled to open in the future. The
concept is somewhat unique, in that
Software City is just that — a software
city. The stores operate on a software-
only concept, which means that they do
not market computers themselves,
While they do sell peripherals as well as
software, they have an interesting con-
cept which does not tie them to a single
computer system.
EDUCATION IS MAKING some
major strides in the CoCo market, and
in the next several months we believe
you will see a lot of the firms which,
frankly, made the Apple so well known
come into play for the Color Computer.
Radio Shack has announced a whole
range of agreements with a host of the
largest names in educational sof tware to
produce learning materials for the
CoCo. And, if you follow the adver-
tisements in our pages, you will see that
several educational software publishers
are now advertising some of their pro-
ducts directly. More will f ollow and, we
believe, you will see an increased
emphasis on educational programming
that can be translated into increased use
of CoCo in schools.
A NEW DATA BASE program is
now available from The Computer
House (Box 1051, Dubois, PA 15801).
It includes machine language sorting
capabilities and a top capacity of 24,000
characters in a 32K CoCo. It is available
on tape or disk.
WORLD ELECTRONICS reports
that it has several kits available for
CoCo projects. The projects are offered
both in bare board and fully assembled
form. Further information can be
obtained from World Electronics (177
27th Street, Brooklyn, NY 1 1232).
SINCE INCOME TAX TIME has
just passed, you might want to consider
a small contribution to help your tax
status next year, suggests reader Tom
Clines, a CPA. Clines says that if you
wish to make contributions of a Rain-
bow subscription to the local library or
to any school, that contribution would
be tax deductable. It would also help
turn on others to the CoCo's
capabilities.
81-U.S. JOURNAL HAS changed its
name and will be known as Basic Com-
puting in the future. 8Q-US. was one of
the early Radio Shack magazines and
covers all the models. It went toa 14 slick"
magazine format the first of the year
and gives some fine information about
CoCo, as well as other TRS-80 compu-
ters. Further information can be
obtained from the magazine (3838
South Warner St., Tacoma WA 98409).
MARK DATA PRODUCTS has a
new high-res machine language game
out, called Glaxxons. This attack-the-
aliens game is said to provide a chal-
lenge f or both novice and expert players
and has seven selectable skill levels. It is
available on disk or tape (at 24001 Ali-
cia Parkway, Suite 207, Mission Vie jo,
CA 92691).
YOU HAVE READ a great deal on
these pages about a compiler for the
CoCo, and now we hear one is just
about ready to come to market. It may
be a couple of months yet, but we
understand the program is just about
complete and that it has reached the
"writing the documentation*' stage. Our
understanding is that this compiler is
pretty full-blown in that it will support
both graphics and non-graphics com-
mands. For those who don't know, a
compiler is a program that will take a
BASIC listing and change it into a
machine language program, This is
probably the most difficult program of
all to write.
130 the RAINBOW June, 1983
Spectrum Projects
Your TDP lOO Dealer
Trims Down Pfices!
s rau Tnp.inn
• Willi LXl/DdSIC ;
• $$ Call $! <
* 1 inA DpiniAt* 1 •
> Line rnnicr i •
| V Ulflr "iuuy •
w
• Color Drive !
: Zero i
j DC Modem 1 :
| Communications •
j Color Cassette j
• Recorder<ccR8i)]
• $49.95 i
5K TDPlOO |
ith Ext/Basic :
CALL 212-441-2807 SPECTRUM PROJECTS
all orders plus S3 00 S/H 93-15 86th DRIVE
N.Y. residents add sales tax WOODHAVEN, NY 11421
LAST CHANCE AT THESE LOW PRICE
NsNs Nyqcus
-Buhy
Ujyl
Cfggaly
CoCo Crypto
A Three-Star
Puzzler
By Chris Reid
The Color Computer, with only 512 characters on
screen and no lowercase letters, is far from ideal for
word puzzles. But the real problem is shared by all
home computers: the memories are much too small and the
microprocessors are too slow. In a few "generations" of
home computers, when they can store lists of 20,000 words
internally and search them very fast, we'll be able to play
games like Scrabble on (and against) computers; but today
most word games are better handled with pencil and paper,
or on game boards.
Cryptograms—simple substitution ciphers — are an
exception. They don't need word lists, they're short enough
to fit on any screen, and they're easily available — the com-
puter doesn't have to supply them. Cryptograms can be
handled right now on the Color Computer — in fact, the only
improvement I'm waiting foris a $25 optical scannerto take
puzzles out of the puzzle magazines so I don't have to type
them.
Working cryptograms with a pencil can get rather
tedious. It takes too long to write an "E" over eaeh of ten
"^"s — whieh have to be searched for, and you're apt to miss
a couple. Then if you decide to change the "E"s to "A"s, you
have some erasing to do, After a few false starts you'll be
tempted to abandon the mess,
The computer fills in all 12 "E"s in no time. It replaces
them just as easily. And you can make as many false starts as
you need — in fact, you can put in letters just to see if they
work. You wouldn't want to do that with a pencil.
Even the first crude versions of Crypto revived my interest
in cryptograms to the point of addiction. My speed and skill
improved rapidly. 1 used to be able to solve two of the six
increasingly difficult cryptograms in Four-Sttr Puzzler —
now 1 average five.
The features 1 added later — eliminating wraparound,
automatic copying of punctuation, ability to erase trial solu-
tions and to correct mistyped letters in the puzzle, and the
second, "frequency" cryptogram — were added because as a
solver 1 needed them. None of them arejustfor show. This is
one of the obvious — but constantly violated — principles of
recreational programming. Some more:
v It's not enough f orthe creation of a program to present
interesting problems to the programmer. If the program
won't interest the user, it should be put aside for later — or
forever.
V There's no way to know in advance whether a program
will get that lucky "click," For example, everyone has tried
writing a kaleidoscope program. It never gives the same
thrill as a real kaleidoscope. (Much sharper diagonal lines
and faster movement of large color patterns are needed —
and should arrive by 1990.)
A respectable program that doesn't have that sparkle
should be put aside for another try later,
V A recreational program should be tested for many
hours by the programmeras user. The idea is not only to get
bugs 0U(> but to get interest in,
Why does Crypto — which 1 believe will be useful (with a
few modifications) for many computer generations — have
such limited commercial value? One reason is that the
market for software is split among an increasing number of
computerbrands, each accepting only software written in its
own dialect. Slow-but-sure sales are too small to be worth
waiting for when a program can only be sold to users of one
brand — which will be obsolete in a few years. It makes more
sense to take a chance on a shoot-'em-up which may make a
quick killing before everybody gets sick of it.
What's needed is a translation company which will take
superior programs of lasting appeal and produce versions
for Pet, Sinclair, Atari, IBM PC, the Color Computer, and
even the no-color computers, Instead of grabbing a copy of,
say, Getting Started with Color BASIC and rushing out a
132 the RAINBOW June, 1983
i
translation that will barely run, the company should use a
knowledgeable translator for each brand name — a person
who has done a lot of programming on that brand and
knows its ins and outs on at least this level: If cryptograms
are INPUTted instead of LINEINPUTted, there will be
problems with commas, colons, and quotation marks.
Today's home computers are already powerful and
resourceful — it's surprising how few useful, enjoyable
recreational programs there are. Someone has defined the
home computer as "a solution waiting for a problem."
Crypto tries to be an example of what computers were really
made for: enjoyable expansion of the powers of the user.
For a Quick Start
If you're typing the program, you can start with a no-frills
version that only takes a few minutes. Type lines 50, 700-
720, 740, 760, 4000-4010, 5000-5060, 5080-5100, 5120, and
add the following lines:
80 CLEAR500:CLS:'PRINT"TYPE CRYPT
OGRAM AND ENTER";:PRINTSTRING$(3
9,32);:LININPUTC$
750'
4500'
Later you can change these three lines and type in the rest
of the program.
Here are a few cryptograms to get you going — then you
can find lots more in puzzle magazines (which are on most
newsstands) and go on, if you wish to specialized magazines
and books.
10 CLEAR 1000
20 C*(1)="SC ZKKV P ABPV6HMW LHB
KMS MCFFPDL JBCF WMBCEEHDA
, PLL ,, +CHR*(34)+"JCBP-lSC2W
SK V0 : DKTS " +CHR* < 34 ) + " . < " +CHR* < 3
4>+"P"+CHR*<34>+" DKQKB AKSW
SC 2. > SC KDL, BHS SGK "+CHR*
(34) +"NBKPZ "+CHR* (34) +" NRSSCD.
30 C*(2)-CHR*(34)+ ,, XTLBY 8 " +CHR*
(34)+" PJRVX J OQCEGJP OJKXV, IK
Y QCK FJS'Y KXV YTV RVQICJQZ. YQ
Q " +CHR* ( 34 ) + " I B V JR 11 +CHR* ( 34 ) + " -
-LY DVYX QCK OGLSY UJGLJIDVX IQ
ZLGVFY FCPPJSZ YC XW TCA PKFT
CB YTV OGCEGJP LX ZCSV, JSZ TCA
AVDD.
40 CA*(2)- M YTVS YQOV M +CHR*(3
4)+ ,, FCSY ,, +CHR*(34)+" JSZ YTV OGC
EGJP ALDD FCSYLSKV ATVGV LY
DVBY CBB.
50 C* ( 3 ) - " 22222222 . 2* 1 0-22222222
2, KG UIT YGJKS'W 22222222.2*10-
222222222 JEDCH VJAG? (WAT XW. )
WIJ CSKUJA XK WIJ XSBXKXNHJ WJSW
I YXZXW — XW YGJKS'W ZJW OAXSWJY
, NDW XW CQQJLWK QDAWIJA LCHLDH
CWXGSK.
60 C*(4)="QSW TON TQDS'M M8K MKS
MG WPOPM AKVF, QD PM DGFYRW LK?
LKIQYDK (KEIKXM ZFV PSMKOKVD)
SYHLKVD IQS OKM ZYAAN TGKS MGK
IFHXYMKV I GQSOKD MGKH MF LPSQVN
SYHLKVD 9 IQRIYRQMKD, QSW MGKS I
GQSOKD MGKH LQIB.
70 PRINT#-2,C*(1):PRINT
G0 PRINT«-2,C*<2>|
90 PRINT#-2, CA* (2) : PRINT
100 PRINT#-2,C*<3>: PRINT
110 PRINT«-2 9 C*(4)
Program Notes
First, I would like to thank INSTR. This very fast com-
mand (in Microsoft's Extended BASIC) is essential to this
and many other word programs. Without it — even with
POKE65495fi and C.J. Roslund's Break Disable utility —
this would be a slow program (lines 3240 and 5030; 50;
10-40).
Second, in a slow part of the program the even faster
POKE65491,0 disables the screen and tries to offer a rather
off color "snow" — but a switch to PMODE2 fixes the color
(lines 3040 and 3290).
Last, in the 3000 block, the frequencies FR(Z) have been
added up for each leter in the cryptogram: "B" appears once,
let's say, " W" 1 2 times, and "T" 3 times. Each number is put
into the left side of a string, with the letter on the right side.
This is FR$(Z), which is "IB", "12E", and "3T". These
strings have VALues(\, 12, and 3 — VAL ignores the letters),
CRRRY "
1
(3.1
1
1
+
5
2
8
Q
2
5
REGROUP I MG IN
Requires 16 K Extended Basic
RDDITION
Cassette $19.95
TRS-80 Color Computer
^Trademark of Tandy
Ohio Residents
Add 5V*% Sales Tax
APPEALING GRAPHICS, FUN REWARDS AND SOUND
Used Successfully In Classrooms and In Homes
ALSO AVAILABLE-CASSETTES
Clock
Money
Subtract/Borrow
Question
$24.95
$19.95
$19.95
$19.95
Mathfact
ABC's
Spelling
Hangword
$16.95
$ 9.95
$16.95
$14.95
WRITE FOR FREE DESCRIPTIVE BROCHURE
DEALER INQUIRIES WELCOME
B5 SOFTWARE ^
. hi '-d J-j ■ ■>
1024 Bainbridge PL Columbus, OH 43228
(614) 276-2752
June, 1983 the RAINBOW 133
and can be shell-sorted in decreasing order: "12E", "3T",
and "IB".
Now the RIGHTS, 1 of the "Siamese strings" can be read
off in order and used as "A", "B", and "C" in a new, "fre-
quency" cryptogram where "A" represents the most fre-
quent letter in the cryptogram, "B" the next most frequent,
and so on. (The frequency cryptogram is a powerful tool
which, as you get the feel of how to use it, will greatly
increase your ability to solve tough cryptograms.)
So a string that contains a number (which can have sev-
eral digits, but must be on the left) and a letter (or several,
but always the same number of letters) can be treated some-
times like a numeric variable and sometimes like a string.
This can save a lot of memory and execution time.
^riOO..
. . 020D
220. .
, . 06AA
320 . .
. 09E1
570. . .
. 0C2B
1050.
. . 0E3E
1320.
. . 102D
END.
. 1AC4
c
Y
The listing:
'"CRYPTO". COPYRIGHT 1983 BY
HRIS REID, 319 E. 5TH ST. , NEW
ORK, NY 10003
10 I FPEEK ( 1 6057 ) < >50THENCLEAR200
, 1 6048 : FOR I =33465T033566 : POKE I -1
7408, PEEK ( I ) I NEXTELSE40
20 FORI=0TO2:POKEI+16061, 18: NEXT
30 1=16158: POKEI, 38: POKEI+1, 3: PO
KEI+2, 126:P0KEI+3, 131 : POKEI+4, 34
r
SUPERIOR
ORACLE
PRESENTS
SOFTWARE
THE C C QUBE
A MAGIC CUBE SIMULATION FOR THE COLOR COMPUTER
FEATURING -
* Easy to use commands
* Fast - uses machine language routines
* Random mixes
* Undo moves or random mixes
* See all 6 faces
* Save QUBE to tape for later reload
•Only $14.95
RAINBOW
■IF i'-jI . b
Send Check or M.O. to:
SUPERIOR ORACLE SOFTWARE
PO Bo, 4S05
Greenwich, Conn. 06830
Conn, residents add 7.5 X sales tax
Shipping and handling included
Personal checks require
2 weeks to clear
No C.O.D.s
Requires 16K Extended Basic
:P0KEI+5, 126:P0KEI+6, 164:P0KEI+7
,76
40 POKE411,62:RUN50
50 POKE65495,0 'IF THIS SPEEDUP
WORKS ON YOUR COMPUTER
60 6OTO5130
70 CLEAR1500:DIMFR(26) ,FR*(26) :C
LS:Q*=CHR*(34)
80 pr i nt "if you need instruction
s, type ,, q* ,, ?"q*" and enter": pr
i nt: pr i nt "if not, type crypt06ra
m and enter"; : printstring* (5
9,32) ; :lineinputc*
90 i fc*= " " thencls : boto80
1 00 i fc*= " # " thencls : end
110 ifleft*(c*, 1)<>"?"then500
120 cls: pr i nt "after you enter th
e cryptogram, it will reappear o
n screen with no wraparound. (to
keep wrap- around, type "q*"@
"QV AND enter; THENENTER CRYPTO
GRAM)
130 PRINT: PRINT" IF, FOR EXAMPLE,
YOU SEE THE 1- LETTER WORD "Q*"
Q"QV AND THINK IT MAYBE THE WOR
D "QVA"QV, TYPE "QVA"QV AND
THEN "QVQ"Q*
140 PRINT: PRINT"AN "QVA"QV WIL
L APPEAR OVER EVERY "QVQ"QV
IN THE CRYPTOGRAM
150 PR I NTS480 , "PRESS ANY KEY TO
CONTINUE. . . ";
1 60 I F I NKE Y*= " " THEN 1 60
170 CLS: PRINT" IF YOU DECIDE THAT
"QVQ"QV IS REALLY " Q* " I " Q* " , T
YPE "QVI"QV AND THEN "QVQ"QV
. AN "QV I "QV WILL REPLACE EAC
H "QVA"QV OVER THE "QVQ"QVS
. (TO ERASE THE "QVI"QVS, HI
T THE SPACEBAR AND TYPE "QVQ"Q*
")
180 PRINT: PRINT" IF YOU FIND A MI
STYPED LETTER INTHE CRYPTOGRAM,
YOU CAN TYPE "QV&"QVAND GET IN
STRUCT IONS ON HOW TO CORRECT IT
190 PRINT@480, "PRESS ANY KEY TO
CONTINUE. . . ";
200 I F I NKE Y*= " " THEN200
210 CLS:PRINT"IF YOUR SOLUTION I
SN'T WORKING OUT, TYPE "QV A "Q*
" AND IT WILL VAN- ISH. THE CRY
PTOGRAM IS STILL THERE AND YO
U CAN GET A FRESH START
220 PRINT: PRINT" IF YOU'RE REALLY
STUMPED, TYPE "QV< "Q* " . A NEW
VERSION WILL REPLACE THE CRYPTO
GRAM, WITH "Q$"ft"Q$" AS THE MOST
FREQUENT LETTER, "Q$"B"Q$" THE
NEXT MOST FREQUENT, AND SO ON
230 PRINTS480, "PRESS ANY KEY TO
134 the RAINBOW June, 1983
CONTINUE. . . ";
240 I F I NKE Y*= " " THEN240
250 CLS: PR I NT "SOME OF THE MOST C
OMMON LETTERS <E, T, A, 0, I, N)
WILL NOW BE REPRESENTED IN THE
CRYPTOGRAM BYEARLY LETTERS SUCH
AS A, B, C, D, E, F. THIS MAKE
S IT EASIER TOSOLVE
260 PR I NT: PR I NT "A BLACK BOX AT L
OWER RIGHT SHOWSYOU ARE USING TH
E FREQUENCY CRYPTOGRAM. IF Y
OU TRY A SOLU- TION LETTER THAT
IS THE SAME AS THE PUZZLE LETTE
R IN THE ORIGI- NAL CRYPTOGRAM,
A WARNING CHREEPIS PLAYED
270 PR I NTS480 , "PRESS ANY KEY TO
CONTINUE. . . ";
280 I F I NKE Y*= " " THEN280
290 CLS : PR I NT "TO GET BACK FROM T
HE FREQUENCY CRYPTOGRAM TO THE
ORIGINAL, TYPE"Q*">"Q*
300 PRINT: PR I NT "WHEN YOU'VE SOLV
ED THE CRYPTO- GRAM <OR GIVEN U
P ON IT) , TYPE ,, Q* ,, + ,, Q*" AND TR
Y ANOTHER —
310 PRINT: PRINT"OR TYPE "Q*"#"Q*
" TO END THE PROGRAM. (YOU CAN E
ND THE PROGRAM DURING OR BETWEEN
CRYPTOGRAMS)
320 PRINTS480, "PRESS ANY KEY TO
CONTINUE. . . ";
330 I*=INKEY*
340 IFI*=""THEN330
350 I F I *= " # " THENCLS : END
360 CLS: PR I NT" it CORRECT MISTY
PED LETTER": PR I NT: PR I NT" A ERA
SE SOLUTION": PRINT: PRINT" < GE
T FREQUENCY CRYPTOGRAM; ": PRINT"
> GET BACK THE ORIGINAL" : PRINT
: PR I NT" + START ANOTHER CRYPTO
GRAM; ": PRINT" # END THE PROGRA
M
370 PRINTS480, "PRESS ANY KEY TO
RETURN";
380 I*=INKEY*
390 IFI*=""THEN380
400 I F I *= " # " THENCLS : END
410 CLS:GOTO80
500 I FC*= " @ " THENN J= 1 : CLS: GOTO80
510 IFNJ=1THEN700
520 FORV=0TO7
530 I FLEN ( C* X 32*V+33THEN700
540 IFMID*(C*,32*V+32, 1)=" "ORMI
D* < C* , 32*V+33 , 1 ) = " " THEN6 1 0
550 I FM I D* ( C* , 32* V+32 , 1 ) = " - " ANDA
SC (MID* <C*, 32*V+33, 1 ) > >64ANDASC (
MID* (C*, 32*V+33, 1 ) ) <91THEN610
560 F0RH=31T02STEP-1
ENTER THE FASCINATING WORLD OF
GAME WRITER™
A SIMPLE TO USE PROGRAM FOR YOUR COLOR COMPUTER
For writing super-action video games with
motion and sound
For creating high resolution animated
graphics scenes
For experimenting with color, shapes,
motion and sound
For amateur or professional cartooning or
commercial game authoring
For the absolute beginner and for the
expert programmer
GAME WRITER is a programming language with all the
features you need to write great VIDEO GAMES. It includes a
built-in screen oriented text editor, high resolution color
graphics support, any number of player-shapes (SPRITES), a
shape pattern editor, full TURTLE GRAPHICS, sound effects,
support for joy sticks and much, much more. Each player-
shape can be given a program to run which tells it what to do.
All the player programs run simultaneously to create fan-
tastic game effects. GAME WRITER IS GUARANTEED EASY
TO USE. Even if you have never written a program of any kind
you will amaze your family, your friends and yourself with the
fantastic things you can do with it. The package includes a
GAME WRITER rom pak, a complete easy to read manual and
a set of sample programs ready to run. GAME WRITER is a
great programming language for a child or an adult. GAME
WRITER requires a minimum of 16K. Extended BASIC is not
required.
PRICE $89
Orders must be prepaid via check,
money order or major bank card. Phone
orders accepted for bank cards only—
COD orders not accepted. Quantity dis-
counts available. Orders outside U.S.
add $5 shipping. WA state residents
add 6.3% sales tax. Add 2 weeks for
delivery if paid by personal check.
WASHINGTON
COMPUTER SERVICES
3028 SILVERN LANE
BELLI NGH AM, WA 98226 rf^^
1 (206) 734-8248
RAINBOW
June, 1 983 the RAINBOW 1 35
570 IFMID$ (C$, 32*V+H, DO" "ANDM
I D* < C* , 32* V+H , 1 > <> " - " THEN600
580 I FLEN ( C* ) +32-H >255THEN700
590 C*=LEFT* ( C* , 32* V+H ) +STR I NG$ (
32-H , 32 ) +R I GHT* ( C* , LEN ( C* ) -32* V-
H) : GOTO610
600 NEXTH
610 NEXTV
700 CLS: IF158<LEN(C*)THENSQ=1
710 F0RL=1T0LEN<C*>
720 PR I NT@L+63-32*SQ+ ( 64-32*SQ ) *
INT( <L-1> /32) ,MID* <C*,L, 1 > ;
730 IFASC<MID*<C*,L, 1) )<>32AND(A
SC<MID*<C*,L, 1) ><650RASC<MID*<C*
, L , 1 ) ) >90 ) THENPR I NT@L+3 1 -32*SQ+ (
64-32*SQ> *INT < (L-l ) /32) , MID* <C*,
L,l);
740 NEXT
750 I FHH*< > " " THENH I *=HH* : HH*= " " :
GOTO 1000
760 H I *= I NKE Y* : I FH I *= " " THEN760
1 000 I FH I *<> " & " THEN2000
1010 IFLEN(C*X225THEN1060
1 020 ER*= " " : FOR Z = 1 495T0 1 502 : ER*=
ER*+CHR* ( PEEK ( Z ) > : NEXT
1030 PRINT8471, "too long";:FORZ=
1TO3000INEXT
1040 F0RZ=1T08:P0KEZ+1494, ASC(MI
D*<ER*, Z, 1) > INEXT
^
SP SOFTWARE
FOUR NEW PR06RAHS FOR YOUR COLOR COMPUTER
SPDUNP A screen duip routine of 368 bytes of fasti
relocatable aachine language code. All PHODESi color
PHODES in 4 B&N shades, twice size option in PHODES 3
or 4, position duap on paper, inverse iiage option, do
■ore than 1 screen as for HPP graphics. Works on
»f>288 LPVII etc. Cms with BASIC instructions. Needs
BASIC1.1 or an 8bit printer fix. On tape. $16
CONCPOLY Use this lenti driven prograa to design and
draw a fantastic variety of intricate and colorful
patterns, suitable for duip to a printer, includes
examples and instructions. Works in a 16K computer,
EXT. or DISK BASIC. Ctes on tape. *8
SIXFOURK Use your 64K computer fro» BASIC. This
I prograa allots you to inspect RAM, «ove ROM to RAH and
run it there, disable DISK or EXT. BASIC, and sake
setups with graphics, prograa, strings, and USR in
upper or loner RAH to get the best use of RAH. The
prograa does the setups and includes tutorials and
instructions to let you sake setups. On tape. $28
ROTWORJ) This showy prograa for the 64K coaputer will
display a rotating color globe of the earth. You get
28 fraaes of a PH0DE1 globe which is loaded into 60K
of RAH by a driver prograa plus an instruction prograa
all on disk to show off your 64K color coaputer. $25
1 Free little graphics prograa with order or request for
our catalog. For fast service send check or HO to:
SP SOFTWARE, 1182 BILTHORE, LYNCHBUR6 VA 24582
V II J
136 the RAINBOW June, 1983
1050 GOTO760
1 060 I FFF= 1 THENPR I NTQ466 , " press
> first"; :FORZ=1TO3000:NEXT:PRIN
TS466, STRING* ( 12, 32) ; : POKE1502, 1
4 1 : GOTO760
1100 PRINT@480, "LINE NO. OF CRYP
TO. (1-7)?";
1110 I*=INKEY*
1120 IFI*=""THEN1110
1130 I FASC ( I * X 490RASC ( I * ) >550RL
EN ( C* X 32*VAL ( I * ) -3 1 THENPR I NTQ50
7, "REDO"; :FORZ=1TO1500:NEXT:PRIN
T@507," ";:SOTO1110
1140 PRINTQ507, I*;
1150 LI=32*VAL(I*)*(3-SQ)-32
1 1 60 ER*= FOR Z =L I +992T0L I + 1 023
: ER*=ER*+CHR* ( PEEK ( Z ) ) : NEXT
1170 FORZ=LI TOLI+31
1180 IFPEEK(Z+1024)=96THENPOKEZ+
992, 38: GOTO 1200
1190 NEXT
1200 FORZZ=1TO50:NEXT
1210 PRINTS480, STRING* (28, 32) ;
1220 FORZZ=1TO50:NEXT
1300 PRINTS480, " WHICH LETTER (A-
Z ) ? " ;
1310 I*=INKEY*
1320 IFI*=""THEN1310
1330 IFASC(I*X650RASC(I*> >90THE
nprints500, "redo"; : forzz=1to1500
:next:print@500, " ";:gotoi310
1340 P0KE992+Z,96
1350 PRINTQ500, I*;
1360 CN=0
1370 FORZ=LI TOLI+31
1380 IFPEEK(1024+Z)=ASC(I*)THENP
0KE992+Z , 38! CN=CN+1
1390 NEXT
1 400 I FCN=0THENPR I NTQ500 , " " ; : FO
RZ=1TO1000: NEXT: PRINTS500, "REDO"
; :forz=itoi500:next:print@500, "
"; :GOTO1310
1410 FORZZ=1TO50:NEXT
1420 PRINTS480, STRING* (21, 32) ;
1430 FORZZ=1TO50:NEXT
1500 PRINT@480, "OCCURRENCE ON LI
NE (1-9)?";
1510 J*=INKEY*
1520 IFJ*=" "THEN1510
1 530 I FASC ( J * X 490RASC ( J * ) >570RV
al ( j * ) >cn thenpr i ntq506 , " redo " ; :
forz=1to1500:next:print@506, "
"; :gotoi510
1540 PRINTS506, J*;
1550 OC=0
1560 FORZ=LI TOLI+31
1570 IFPEEK(1024+Z)=ASC(I*)THENO
C=OC+l ELSE 1590
1580 IF0COVAL(J*)THENP0KE992+Z,
96ELSEPS=Z
PETROCCI FREELANCE ASSOCIATES
PROGRAM DEVELOPMENT: Computer Software
Documentation / Graphics / Consultation
Inspector CLUEseau
Sherlock Holmes/Agatha Christie fans-It's finally here— A murder
mystery game for the 80-C! Mr. Goodbody has been killed in his
mansion and you must solve the mystery. WHO committed the
murder, WHERE did it occur and HOW was it done! Question
suspects, find the secret passage, and break the code to get clues.
Hi-Res graphics enhances this excellent game. The computer
records the clues you obtain on a clue inventory screen and also
provides suspect descriptions at the touch of a finger. A fast, fun
game that will sharpen your deductive skills. Every game is
different!
32K Extended $19.95
Stress Evaluator
Assess your present level of stress and how it affects your
potential for illness. Evaluate the amount of life change you can
effectively handle in the future. The Stress Evaluator is a valuable
tool for recognizing, measuring and managing stress. The
program also provides a Coping Ability Test which shows your
ability to handle stress in general. Provides goal setting exercises
and meditation graphic screens to help achieve stress-alleviating
goals. All results output to printer.
16K Extended $24.95
Weather Watch
If you really care about the weather, this program is for you. Three
programs provide you with National Weather Service approved
statistics in a monthly report format. Input of daily high and low
temp, and rainfall outputs a report of monthly average temps, and
range; high and low averages; high and low temp, for month; total
rainfall; days rain > .1 in.; heating and cooling degree days; days
high > 90; days low < 32; days low temp. < 32 and > 0; days low <
0; day of highest range. Also retrieves a single day from data file
for review. All data outputs to printer. Well documented.
16K Extended $24.95
Forecaster & Weather Watch (Disk)
Forecast general weather conditions with 80% accuracy with this
fun, simple to use program. Although not meant to replace
National Weather Service forecasts, this program is informative
and enjoyable to use. You can even create your own weather by
setting the variables!! Provides general forecast including pre-
cipitation probabilities. Includes Weather Watch program also all
on one easy to use disk.
32K Extended Disk $49.95
Include $1.50 for handling for each program.
Az. Residents add 6% Sales Tax.
Quantity Discounts to Dealers.
CIS subscribers contact through EMAIL 70435,754
Stagecoach
z
ft*
^ilPSTROCCI freelance associates
" l[ — 651 Houghton Rd.
^V^Tucson, AZ 05748
* 602-296 ^041
Enter the Wild West Days as you try to carry gold across the
desert in a stagecoach. Hot in pursuit are the James Gang and of
course, Indians!! To make matters worse you are responsible for
the safe journey of Annabelle, the judge's daughter. Hi-Res
graphic screen plots your progress. Lots of fun surprises await
you in this game -shootouts, kidnappings and more. Don't miss
the fun!
16 K Extended $19.95
Heart-Lung-Circulatory Systems
Hi-Res Graphic Education
A difficult subject becomes fun and easy to learn. Programmed
learning approach divides subject content into concise frames
of information. Hi-res graphic display with labelled anatomical
structures follows text frames for added clarity. Visually high-
lights keywords and concepts. Self test questions follow each
section. Provides immediate feedback to user response and
displays correct answers before moving to new subject matter.
Excellent for school or home use.
32KEXT Cassette $34.95
32KEXT Disk $39.95
Bowling Secretary
Save hours of tedious work with this efficient program. Calcu-
lates individual player average, high game and total pins, as
well as team games won/lost, high series, and cumulative total
team pins. Also calculates team standings for each week in
order from 1st to last! All data stores to tape and outputs to
printer to provide professional, easy to read copy. After initial
input of league and player names all you have to do is input
each week's scores - the computerdoes the rest!!
16KEXT Cassette $24.95
32KEXT Disk $29.95
Astrology Chart Print
A Must for the Serious Astrologer
Bothered by not having a professional easy to read hard copy
of your chart? Want to see comparison charts around the Natal
Chart? Look no more! Input of planetary positions and house
cusps outputs a 6"x5" graphic printout of chart and will also
plot a comparison chart (transit, progressed or compatibility)
around perimeter of the natal chart. NOT A SCREEN DUMP
ROUTINE. The program uses dot addressable graphics to
draw chart with accurate planetary positioning. Top of form
lists Name, Birthdate, Birthtime, Birthplace from user input.
Accomodates Placidean, Equal House or Modified Equal
House. AVAILABLE NOW FOR EPSON MX80 with Graftrax.
32KEXT Cassette $21 .^5
Medical Terminology
If you've ever wondered what your doctor was talking about,
this program can help! Includes most common terminology as
well as abbreviations used in hospital charting. Menu Driven
-allows choice of study, definition readout or self test. Study
suffix, prefix or abbreviation in alphabetical groups, input
prefix, suffix or abbreviation and computer reads out definition
(not meant to be an all inclusive dictionary). Provides multiple
choice self tests with immediate reinforcement and correct
answer displayed. Suffix/Prefix on one program. Abbreviations
on 2nd Program. Both included.
16KEXT Cassette $19.95
1590 NEXT
1600 FORZZ=1TD50:NEXT
1610 PRINTS480, STRING* (27, 32) ;
1620 FORZZ=1TD50:NEXT
1700 PR I NTQ480, "REPLACEMENT (A-Z
)?";
1710 I*=INKEY*
1720 IFI*=""THEN1710
1730 IFASC(I*K650RASC(I*) >90THE
NPRINTS499, "REDO"; : FORZ=1TO1500:
NEXT:PRINT@499, " ";:6OTO1710
1740 PRINTQ499, I*;
1750 POKE1024+PS,ASC(I*)
1760 F0RZ=1T032:P0KEZ+LI+991, ASC
(MID*(ER*, Z, 1 ) ) :NEXT:P0KE992+PS,
96
1770 L=PS-63+32*SQ-(INT(PS/32)-2
+SQ ) * ( 64-32*SQ ) / ( 3-SQ )
1780 MID*(C*,L, 1)=I*
1 790 I FLEN ( F* ) =0THEN 1 820
1800 F0RZ=1T026: IFRIGHT* (FR* ( Z ) ,
1 ) =I*THENMID* (F*, L, 1 ) =CHR* (Z+64)
: 60T0 1 820
1810 NEXT
1820 FORZ=1TO50:NEXT:PRINT@480,S
TRING*(20,32) ; : FORZ=1TD50: NEXT: P
RINTQ480, "60 AHEAD" ;: F0RZ=1TD 100
0:NEXT:PRINT@480, STRING* (8, 32) ;
1830 6OTO760
2000 I FH I *<> " A " THEN3000
2010 S1=31-32*SQ:S2=33+S1
2020 FORL= 1 TOLEN ( C* )
2030 AS=ASC(MID*(C*,L, 1) )
2040 I FAS< 65THEN2070
2050 IFAS>90THEN2070
2060 PR I NT@L+S 1 +S2* I NT ( < L- 1 ) / 32 )
■■ ii ■
2070 NEXT:SOTO760
3000 IFHI*<>"<" THEN3500
3010 IFFF=1THEN760
3020 FF=1
3030 I FF*< > " " THEN3300
3040 PM0DE2 : PCLS : SCREEN 1 , 1 : P0KE6
5497,0: FORZ=1TO26:FR(Z)=0: next
3050 F0RL=1 TOLEN (C*)
3060 AS=ASC(MID*(C*,L, 1) )
3070 I FAS >64ANDAS< 9 1 THENFR ( AS-64
)=FR(AS-64)+l
3080 NEXT
3090 F0RZ=1T026:FR*(Z)=STR*(FR(Z
) )+CHR*(Z+64) :NEXT
3100 QB=1
3110 QB=2*QB : I FQB< =26THEN3 110
3120 QB=INT (QB/2) : IFQB=0THEN3170
3130 F0RZ=1T026-QB:QC=Z
3140 QD=QC+QB: IFVAL (FR* (QC) ) >=VA
L ( FR* ( QD ) ) THEN3 1 60
3150 QE*=FR*(QC) :FR*(QC)=FR*(QD)
: FR* ( QD ) =QE* : QC=QC-QB : I FQC >0THEN
3140
3160 NEXT: S0T03 120
3170 F*=STRINS*(LEN(C*) ,32)
3180 F0RL=1 TOLEN (C*)
3190 IFASC(MID*(C*,L, 1) X650RASC
(MID* (C*, L, 1 ) ) >90THENMID* (F*, L, 1
)=MID*(C*,L, 1)
3200 NEXT
3210 F0RZ=1T026
3220 NT*=RISHT*(FR*(Z) , 1)
3230 NP=1
3240 NF=INSTR(NP,C*,NT*)
3250 IFNF=0THEN3290
3260 MID* (F*, NF, 1)=CHR*( Z+64)
3270 NP=NF+1
3280 I FNP< =LEN ( C* ) THEN3240
3290 NEXT:POKE65496,0
3300 F0RL=1 TOLEN (C*)
3310 PRINT@L+63-32*SQ+(64-32*SQ)
♦ INT ( (L-D/32) , MID* (F*,L, 1);
3320 NEXT
3330 POKE 1502, 141
3340 SOTO760
3500 I FH I *<> " > " THEN4000
3510 FF=0
3520 FORL= 1 TOLEN (C*)
3530 PR I NT@L+63-32*SQ+ ( 64-32*SQ )
*INT( (L-D/32) ,MID*(C*,L, 1) ;
3540 NEXT
3550 POKE 1502, 143
3560 SOTO760
4000 I FH I *<> " + " THEN4500
4010 HI*="":F*= FF=0:SQ=0:NJ=0
:CLS:SOTO80
4500 I FH I *= " # " THENCLS : PR I NT " THE
PROGRAM HAS ENDED, BUT THE VARI
ABLES ARE STILL IN MEMORY. IF Y
OU WANT TO GET THE CRYPTO- GRAM
BACK, TYPE "Q*"GOTO700"Q*" AND
ENTER ": PR I NT : END
5000 LO*=INKEY*: IFLO*=""ORLO*="
" THEN5000
5010 P0=1
5020 I FFF=0THEN I N= I NSTR ( PO , C* , LO
* ) : GOTO5040
5030 IN=INSTR(PO,F*,LO*)
5040 IFIN=0THEN5090
5050 PRINT@IN+31-32*SQ+(64-32*SQ
)*INT( (IN-1) /32) ,HI*;
5060 P0=IN+1
5070 I FHH*= " " THENHH*= I NKEY*
5080 I FPO< =LEN ( C* ) THEN5020
5090 I FFF=0THEN750
5 1 00 I F ASC ( LO* ) < 650RASC ( LO* ) >90T
HEN750
5110 IFRIGHT*(FR*(ASC(L0*)-64) , 1
) =H I *THENPL A Y " L25505 V3 1 CGD AEBF#C
#A— E— B-FCGDA
5120 GOTO750
5130 PCLEAR2:GOTO70
138 the RAINBOW June, 1983
COLORSOFT™ BUSINESS SOFTWARE
AT LAST! BUSINESS SOFTWARE DESIGNED FOR THE COLOR COMPUTER
★ MAKE YOUR COLOR COMPUTER A WORKING BUSINESS PARTNER ★
★ ALL PROGRAMS ARE MENU DRIVEN AND USER FRIENDLY ★
★ PROFESSIONALLY WRITTEN AND FULLY TESTED ★
★ AFTER-THE-SALE SUPPORT ★
SMALL BUSINESS ACCOUNTING PACKAGE... Ideally suited for any small business with up to $1,000,000 in an-
nual sales and 400 accounts receivable and 400 accounts payable. This package provides detailed record keeping on ac-
counts receivable and payable, sales, purchase orders, and allows input and maintenance of payroll related data.
Prepares balance sheet and income statement, agingreports, and displays a check register, a listing of sales by date, and
a listing of individual purchase orders. Included are printer output options. The step-by-step user's manual and the user
friendly, menu driven format makes this program package fast, efficient, and easy to use.
REQUIRES SINGLE DISK DRIVE (User's manual without program $2t) . . , $149.95
DEPRECIATION. ..Determines depreciation values for assets based upon the new accelerated cost recovery system
(ACRS) and the alternate ACRS methods in addition to the conventional methods. Adjusts for plaeing assets in service
during the year. Screen or printer output $22.95
LOAN ANALYSIS,,. Evaluate cost of borrowing for capital investments or business expansion. Prints amortization
schedules and allows user to determine loan status at any point in the term of a loan. Other options allow user to deter-
mine either principle, interest, payment, or term based upon input of any three. An auto loan option includes trade-in
allowance and taxes. Screen or printer output , * . . . , ♦ .$20.95
ANNUITY. ..Determine future value of investments, present value of a future amount, compound imerest, and
amount of an individual retirement account (IRA). Screen or printer output. . $18.95
EXPENSE ACCOUNT DIARY.. -Keeps a record of travel expenses for up to 25 trips per year. Performs file searches
based upon cross-referencing of date of trip, city visited, hotel* or purpose of trip. Screen or printer output. An ex-
cellent program for the traveling businessman, . , . . . . . . ■ * $15.95.
STOCK ANALYZER... Reviewed in July 1*82 RAINBOW. New version provides printer output and is disk compat-
ible. Maintains a stock portfolio data base of multiple stocks. Can be used to track performance of sales personnel or
similar applications. Features graphing of data to screen or primer along with analyses that includes projection of data
trends
$21.95.
COLOR
SOFT
INCLUDE $2.25 HANDLING PER ORDER
ALL PROGRAMS REQUIRE 16K EXT. BASIC
CUSTOM PROGRAMMING SERVICES AVAILABLE
WRITE FOR FREE CATALOG
TELEPHONE ORDERS
(214) 454-3674
9-4 Monday-Saturday
RAINBOW
DEALER INQUIRES INVITED
VISA/MASTERCARD
Want A Workhorse Editor?
Here's Mr. Ed!
By Hubert E. Samm, Jr.
How often have you ever been in the middle of keying
in a program, and needed to do a GOSUB, or a
GOT0, only you weren't certain what line number
it was you needed to go to? Have you ever wished you could
do a search and find a string in your program? Instead you
print it out, and laboriously scan each line looking for the
all-illusive string, •ops! Typed another word wrong. No
worry — that is* if you are using 'MR. ED. '
What is 'MR. ED; you ask? Read on.
For my living (besides programming on my CoCo, and
reading the Rainbow) 1 program on the large IBM compu-
ters. In doing this, 1 usethe editors that have been written for
the larger computers and, in the back of my mind, keep
thinking how nice one of these editors would be on my
CoCo.
After three months of programming with the built-in
editor of the CoCo, one evening 1 decided to write my own.
•riginally 1 designed MR. ED for my assembly language
programs, but now have become so attached to it that I use it
for all my programs,
MR. ED is an editor for an ASCII file. It operates on the
principles of a full screen editor with many features of the
editors found on large scale computers. Some of these are:
• Being able to browse through a program.
•Replacing one string for another.
•Locating a string in a program,
•Paging through a program,
•Getting multiple files, and creating one file with
them.
• Replacing one line for another.
•Copying one line multiple times.
• Moving a line from one section to another.
The program is written in BASIC, and keeps the program
you are working on in an array. An array was a must since
speed would be important. 1 had a disk version, but aban-
doned it due to slow response time. There is also another
unique feature of this program in the design of the arrays. It
uses forward and backward links, or pointers. This was
absolutely necessary. A sequential search through an array
would have been just about as bad as my earlierdisk version.
The links work in this manner. The program isloadedinto
the array, and the last entry is noted. Any new lines are
added here. Forward and backward links are changed to
point to the new lin£s, and backward links of the new lines,
pointing back into the array. (See figure 1 for examples.)
Figure 1.
The following shows how a program would look in the
arrays.
Entry
Text of Line
Forward
Backward
00
line number 1
01
00
01
line number 2
02
00
02
line number 3
03
01
03
line number 4
04
02
04
last line of program
00
03
When reading this program, entry 00 is always the starting
point of a program. From there, the forward link points to
the next line of the program. In the example below, a line
was added after entry 01 ,
Entry
Text of line
Forward
Backward
00
line number 1
01
01
01
line number 2
05
00
02
line number 3
03
05
03
line number 4
04
02
04
last line of program
00
03
05
inserted line
02
01
Note how the forward and backward links operate. It is
due to this that the great speed and dynamic insertions are
done in MR. ED.
The backward link is used in browsing backwards in a
program. The forward link, in addition to keeping lines in
sequence, is used in forward browsing operations.
The program you are editing will start at the beginning,
and display the first 10 lines. You can then issue any of the
commands, and you're on your way to adding lines, replac-
ing lines, etc. . . .
140 the RAINBOW June, 1983
FINALLY!
A REAL SPREAD-SHEET PROGRAM FOR THE COLOR COMPUTER
Business people use spread-sheets to organize columns and rows of figures.
DYNACALC simulates the operation of a spread-sheet without the mess of paper and
pencil. Of course, corrections and changes are a snap. Changing any entered
value causes the whole spread-sheet to be re-calculated based on the new
constants. This means that you can play, 'what if? 1 to your heart's content.
But DYNACALC isn't just for accountants. DYNACALC can be used for just
about any type of job. Not only numbers, but alphanumeric messages can be
handled. Engineers and other technical users will love DYNACALC's s i xteen-d i g i t
math and built-in scientific functions. There's even a built-in sort command,
so you can use DYNACALC to manage small data bases - up to 256 records.
DYNACALC will let your computer do just about anything you can imagine.
Ask your friends who have VisiCalc, or a similar program, just how useful an
electronic spread-sheet program can be for all types of household, business,
engineering, and scientific applications.
DYNACALC is designed to be used by non-programmers, but even a Ph.D. in
Computer Science can understand it. Built-in HELP messages are provided for
quick reference to operating instructions.
DYNACALC has a beautifully simple method of reading and writing FLEX data
files, so you can communicate both ways with other programs on your system, such
as the Text Editor, Text Processor, Sort/Merge, RMS data base system, or other
programs written in BASIC, C, PASCAL, FORTRAN, and so on.
Except for a few seldom-used commands, DYNACALC is memory-resident, so
there is little disk I/O to slow things down. The whole data array (worksheet)
is in memory, so access to any point is instantaneous. DYNACALC is 100$ 6809
machine code for blistering speed.
Color Computer DYNACALC works with the FLEX operating system from Frank
Hogg Laboratory (64k required). If you aren't already using this powerful
operating system, we have a special deal for you: order DYNACALC (regularly
$200)- and FHL Color FLEX (regularly $99) together for only $250.
To order, see your local DYNACALC dealer, or order directly from CSC at the
address below. We accept telephone orders from 10 am to 6 pm, Monday through
Friday. Call us at 314-576-5020. Your VISA or MasterCard is welcome. Be sure
to specify that you want the Color Computer version.
TM
ORDER YOUR DYNACALC
TODAY!
Computer Systems Center
13461 Olive Blvd.
Chesterfield, MO 6301 7
(314) 576-5020
RAINBOW
CERTIFICATION
SEAL
The screen has the following format:
Line 1 — is always the CURRENT LINE. Any of the
commands always use this as the reference point.
Lines 2-12 — are the next lines of the program. The maxi-
mum characters for a line is limited to the 256
established by the CoCo; however, MR. ED will
display only the first 64 characters of each line. (I
find 64 characters more than adequate for all
programming.)
Line 13 — is a separator line. The work 'TXT' appears at the
end of this line. This is a prompt for you to enter
your text line. In some cases, the text line is used in
conjunction with a command. (Well discuss this
later on.)
Lines 14-15 — is the text line. Program statements as well as
some commands are typed here.
NOTE: once a text or command has been placed in
the text line, the ENTER key must be hit.
Once the ENTER key has been hit, the last
four positions of the text line (line $ 15)
will be overwritten with the prompt
'CMND.' Do not worry if this overwrites
part of your text line, it has not been de
stroyed.
Line 16 — is the command line. The single character com-
mand will display here. The current entry number
and total number of statements appear here also.
The following rules must be observed with MR. Ed.
0 1 ) Program line 1 must be reserved f or the program name.
It will be set up f or you with the 'N' f unction of MR. ED.
The format of this line is ** in columns 1 and 2, followed
by a space, followed by an apostrophy, and then an
eight (or less) character program name.
ie. . .
** 'PAYROLL1
** 'GAME10
Since MR. ED was originally set up for assembly lan-
guage programs, this format is treated as a comment,
and ignored. This is not true with BASIC programs. To
do BASIC programs, use the 'N' function, and then use
the 'C'function to change the ** to 00. This way BASIC
will treat the statement as a REMark.
02) Many of the commands do not require text. The first
mode of MR. ED is text mode. If the command requires
no text, simply hit enter, thus causing MR. ED to enter
in command mode.
03) Although lines may be longer than 64 characters, MR.
ED will only display the first 64 characters. A good
practice is to only use 64 character lines.
04) The / * you see as the last line of your program must
never be removed. It is never written to your disk file; it
is used for an internal end of file. (This should look
familiar to all you IBMers out there.)
The following briefly explains the lines of the program:
LINE $ DESCRIPTION
30 sets up string of dark boxes for screen format.
40 arrays used for the program, forward link, and
backward link.
50-2 1 5 main program root. Decides which command was
PARALLEL
PRINTER
INTERFACE
FOR THE RADIO SHACK COLOR COMPUTER
* RUN ANY STANDARD PARALLEL PRINTER FROM THE COLOR COMPUTER SERIAL I/O PORT
* WORKS WITH : EPSON MX 70/80/100, NEC PC8023, CENTRONICS, C-itoh, OK I DAT A,
SMITH CORONA DAISY WHEEL, RADIO SHACK, OR ANY OTHER PRINTER WITH A
STANDARD PARALLEL INPUT.
* SWITCH SELECTABLE BAUD RATES FROM 300 to 9600
The Color Computer is capable of 9600 Baud — Poke 150, 1 .
Running at 9600 Baud greatly increases the printing speed of some printers*
* COMPLETE - ALL CABLES AND CONNECTORS INCLUDED
* PRICE : $69 plus $3 for shipping and handling* Michigan residents add 4% sales tax*
BOTEK INSTRUMENTS
4949 HAMPSHIRE
UTICA, MICHIGAN 48087
313-739-2910 Dealer inquiries invited
142 the RAINBOW June, 1983
220-end
selected, and performs the proper subroutine to
execute the command,
subroutines to execute the commands
230-360 format screen, get text, get command
name set up
insert text
position to top of program
write program to disk
read program from disk, set it up for
editing
delete the current line
replace current line with text line
locate string in text line
page forward one page (9 lines)
get another file, and insert it after the
current line
870-1039 search current line for string number
one, and change that string to string
two
1 040- 1 1 30 screen ref resher
1 140- 1 1 50 browse backward one line
1 160-1 190 print starting at current line to end of
file, or 'S' key is hit
1200-1200 copy a line for later use
1300-1300 insert a copied line after current line
E
Key in name of program for file you wish to
edit-
370-400
410-440
450-460
470-530
540-610
620-630
640-640
650-710
720-770
780-860
COMMAND
N
NAME
HOW TO USE IT
Key in name of program you wish to create,
(up to 8 characters)
Hit ENTER
I
INSERT
TOP
D
DOWN
ONE
LINE
Key *N"
You should now see your program name at
the top of the screen, followed by a 7 *' on line
2,
Type in the line you wish to be inserted.
Hit ENTER
Key T or hit ENTER
The text line will insert after the current line
(first line of screen) and become the current
line.
Hit ENTER
Key T'
The start of the program now becomes the
current line,
Hit ENTER
Key 'D'
The next line after the current line becomes
current line (forward browse)
Hit ENTER
FILE Key'F
PROGRAM
The program will be written to disk. Its name
will be the name in the name line, the exten-
sion will be TXT.
EDIT Hit ENTER
PROGRAM
Key E'
D
DELETE
A LINE
R
REPLACE
LINE
LOCATE
STRING
The program will be read in from disk. The
display will start at beginning of the program.
Hit ENTER
Key 'X'
The current line will be deleted.
Key in replacement line.
Hit ENTER
Key
The current line will be replaced with the new
line of text.
Key in string you wish to locate.
Hit ENTER
Key 'L'
The search will start with the current line. If
the string is not found, the current line will be
reset to the start of the program. If the string
is found, then the line in which it is found will
become the current line.
THE MOST COMPLETE LIST OF
EDUCATIONAL COLOR COMPUTER™
PROGRAMS IN THE UNITED STATES
Only
A partial list —
• Add
• Algebra
• Alphabet
$Q00
per cassette
• Biology
• Weather Forecaster
• Physics
• Planetary Positions
• Flash cards for German, French,
Spanish, States and Capitals
Programs for — TRS 80 Color Computer,
VIC 20, Atari 400, Timex-Sinclair
Many more! From Kindergarten through graduate
courses. All cassettes $ 69° each. Write for free list .
MOSES ENGINEERING COMPANY
P. O. Box 11038 • Ardmore Hwy. Station
Huntsville, Alabama 35805
(205) 837-3356
June, 1983 the RAINBOW 143
Hit ENTER
U
Hit ENTER
PAGE Key l P*
FORWARD
1 he next nine lines are skipped, and the 10th
line becomes the current line.
Q
QUIT
Hit ENTER
Key 'Q'
Causes the program to end "quit.
NOTE: the file is not saved, changes will not
be reflected.
G Type in name of file you wish to get.
GET FILE Hit ENTER
Key *G'
The file is ready, and inserted following the
current line.
Type in string one, string two. Separate string
one and string two by a slash.
Hit ENTER
Key 'C
The current line will be scanned for string
one. If it is found, it will be replaced by string
two. If it is not found, no action will occur.
CHANGE
STRING
POOR MAN'S
FLOPPY
HIGH SPEED CASSETTE SYSTEM
Now for the TRS-80 Color Computer
The JPC PRODUCTS High Speed Cassette System, in operation
for over 4 years, is now available for all versions of the Radio
Shack® Color Computer.
• TC-8C — Plugs directly into the expansion port of your
TRS-80 Color Computer. It is fully compatible with all
versions of the Color Computer from the standard 4K to
the Extended 32K.
• FAST — Twice the speed of the Color Computer System.
• RELIABLE — Less than one error in a million bits.
• SUPPORTS TWO DRIVES — Software selectable.
• ALL FILE TYPES — BASIC, machine language, data.
• MOTOR CONTROL — Two on-board relays.
• EPROM OPERATING SYSTEM
• SFARE EPROM SOCKET — 2716 or 2732 compatible.
• OPTIONAL JBUG MONITOR — EPROM or Cassette
• 6809 Assembler • Memory modify and list
• 6809 Dis-assembler • Break point traps
• ASSEMBLED and TESTED
TC-8C $129.95 JBUG (EPROM) .... $34.95
JBUG (Cassette) .... $29.95
TERMS:
Cash, Master Card or Visa
Shipping & Handling S3.50|US)
S5.50 fCanada) S 15.00
(Foreign) Technical
Inquiries: Phone
5:00 - 6:00 PM MST
UP A
LINE
Key '£/'
The previous line will become the current
line (backward browse).
Hit ENTER
PRINT Key "T
K
COPY
(KOPY)
Printing of the program will start at the cur-
rent line. It will continue till end of file, or the
'S' (stop) key is held down.
Hit ENTER
Key 'K'
The current line is copied to a hold area.
UP ARROW Hit ENTER
COPY
PART 2
M
MOVE
Key 'up arrow'
The line that was copied will be inserted after
the current line.
Hit ENTER
Key 'M'
The current line will be copied to a hold area,
and then deleted.
UP ARROW Hit ENTER
MOVE
PART 2
Key 'up arrow'
The moved line currently in the hold area will
be inserted after the current line.
MR. ED is set up for a 500 statement program. This is not
a hard rule; to allow editing of a larger program, change the
DIMS to a larger number. The default extension name is
TXT. If you wish to use some other name, change the disk
open and close statements.
I hope you find MR. ED as useful as I do.
One other note.
Any BASIC program may be saved as an ASCII file by
specifying 4 A' on the save command.
SAVE "NAME/ TXT", A
If this type of file is edited with MR. ED, you will see that
line 1 is blank. No worry, replace it with a name line.
Remember the format:
00 'program name
The listing:
02B4
0592
088D
10 * MRED
20 PCLEAR 1 : CLEAR 1 7000 : CLS
30 U««STRING*( 127,126)
40 DIM TX«<500),T<500),BL<500>
50 GOSUB 230
60 GOSUB 250
70 IFC«-"N"GOSUB370
80 IFC*="I"GOSUB410
90 IFC*»"T"GOSUB450
144 the RAINBOW June, 1983
100
I FC«- 11 D 11 GOSUB460
350
■ a>a a ■ ■ a a« aaa iai-|a_ a>
IFC»«cH0D THENC*» " I "
110
I FC*» " F M GOSUB470
V ^ yaj
360
PR I NT8480 , C* ; : RETURN
120
I FC*» "E " GOSUB540
370
TX* (0)-»"** * "+X*
130
I FC*» 11 X 11 GOSUB620
Ta*#9yS
3G0
™P / V 4 a V>| / \
T (0) = 1 : BL (0) "0
140
I FC»- " R " GOSUB640
390
TX* < l ) /#" : T ( l ) »0: BL < l ) »0
150
I FC*» 11 L 11 GOSUB650
400
a. ■ I M _ ai J« _ lava •
NL«2 : CL-0: RETURN
160
I FC»- " P " GOSUB720
410
mi a ■ _ ai ^pa « aaa % _ » ai a, a.
OL-CL: SL-T (CD : T (CL) -NL
170
I FC*» " Q " THENEND
420
«Ua M a.11 % U A a ^P « a. II % m _ m a. II
TX* (NL) =X*: T (NL) =SL: CL-NL
180
V »P»."%..4M» || MM || .^A. MA MM, A i#LM#m^M
I FC*» 11 G 11 GOSUB780
a aa jb
430
aaa-a m a| a. fBL| aaa.. a aa a aai a, % Mi
BL(CL)*0L:BL(T(CL) )»CL
190
I FC*» " C " GOSUB870
a a vw
440
aVM a. II a al a P B aP B>aB PI KP"a aV ■
NL»NL+ 1 : RETURN
200
I FC*« 11 U 11 GOSUB 1140
450
CL=0: RETURN
210
I FC*» 11 2 11 GOSUB 1 1 60
460
% at al .V4I %. aa aP*a ■ % J - PLMM| BaV-Wak. al
Y»T ( CL ) : CL= Y : RETURN
21 1
V f*MA ■■ t ^ m 9a km 9a m Mam Mt ■ V% 4 MAil
I FC*» 11 K 11 GOSUB 1 200
a aa jb
470
■ fltf 9 V»% af aWa%aW fl
VERIFY ON
212
I FC*= " GOSUB 1 300
480
aV la fcal V V%aa # "VP a # a*M V aa» a a.
N*"MID* (TX* (0) p 5, 8)
21S
I FC*» " M " THENK*«T X * ( CL ) : GOSUB
a n w
490
a^a^BBL ■ || aa a a mm a & |a a ■■ M mm W U ^P ■■ a % a* VV
OPEN "O" p #1 9 N*+ M /TXT M : Y»0
620
500
IF TX*(Y)- B "/»"GOTO530
220
GOSUB 1040: GOTO60
taaP at a«S
510
V-W V .k. • •>aaP a •! aA "-atB fkat aV a* % af %. am «-W ta^M at % af % m a 4M
PRINT#1 9 TX* ( Y) : Z=T ( Y) : Y»Z
230
P%P% V klVAVH M ■ I .at* a
PR I NT8384 , U* |
520
GOTO500
240
POKE 8eH5FFp 120: RETURN
aaaa -J—
530
aa a amama a iaaa b aati aaaaaaB _ aai ia
CLOSE: VERIFY OFF: END
2S0
POKE 8e H5FF , 1 2G
aV> a w
540
amaa.aBia | u a aa -1 if ai a ■■ M %lM aa aa _ % a jmm
OPEN" I" p #l p X^'VTXT" : Y*0
260
P%P^ V ^|TAVn M ■ lata a
PRINT83G4, U*J
550
■ ■ al
LL=-1
270
PR I NT8490 , NL |
aV> # w
560
V paF^am aa < j • al aaaaaa a aa ai
I FEOF ( 1 ) 1 GOTO600
260
PR I NT8500 9 CL |
570
■ fk|pafk|a| I^Paft. al VMa a % a %
LINEINPUT#1 pTX* (Y)
290
P%P% V m\.m mmMm mfam\ A 4 aw ■■ mmm \# aB P aa _
PRINT8413, M TXT M |
■T*a« w
580
fP-kB M % af % all ■ ■ a|
BL ( Y ) »LL : LL-LL+ 1
ya ya
300
LINEINPUTX9
590
■P afffkaftk % at « a| a. % at % at « a| a _«B
T ( Y ) ■ Y+ 1 : Y=Y+ 1 : GOTO560
310
LX*»TX*
600
^P U .aa a % a a. u m aa _ ^bb a a, a a, yB aa a jb
TX* ( Y ) = " /♦•• : T ( Y ) "0: CL»0
320
PRINTa476, "CMND";
610
a i| % a . al a P%l aaampB _ a\ a a JB a, a] _ aa« ■VkAa.l
NL» Y+ 1 : CLOSE : BL ( 0 ) -0 : RETURN
330
Am ^ am M. a a a aa«a & M ~- aVft »- a a * * aWaa. aVWaV VaaWJ aWaaV SaW aV
C*=INKEY*:IFC*= ,,M 6OTO330
620
CF=T ( CL ) : CB-BL < CL ) : CL-CF
340
C=ASC<C»)
630
T ( CB ) =CF : BL ( CF ) -CB: RETURN
EDUCATIONAL PROGRAMS
DON'T HAVE TO BE BORING!
AND HERE ARE TWO NEW ONES FROM CREATIVE TECHNICAL CONSULTANTS TO PROVE IT
ALPHABET SOUP
All the challenge and excitement of an arcade game plus the fun and
competition of a board game. It's a word recognition and spelling
game with one to five players competing against each other and the
clock. Since each player can have a different skill level, the whole
family can compete and enjoy.
"EDUCATIONALLY NUTRITIOUS A REAL DELIGHT
the RAINBOW - February, 1983 $ 14.95
RAINBOW
CEflTINCATIO*
SEAL
FRACTION MATH QUIZ
An entertaining fraction drill program for a single player. Choose from
a menu of seven fraction operations - reducing, adding, subtracting,
multiplying, dividing, converting mixed numbers to fractions, and con-
verting fractions to decimals. Multiple choice answer formats, five skill
levels, and personalized screen messages make this program fun for
students of all ages $ 14.95
• Both programs for the 16K Color Computer with Extended BASIC.
• Versions also available for 16K Color Computers without Extended BASIC.
• Quantity discounts available to schools.
• Prices include postage and handling. Send check or money order to-.
Crea
Tivi
et
hnical
Consultants
P0 Box 652, Cedar Crest, N M 87008
June, 1983 the RAINBOW 1 45
COLOR COMPUTER SOFTWARE
* UNIVERSAL PROGRAM 1(UP-1) *
Known as the Program Stacker, UP-1 allows several
programs to be loaded until the memory is filled. Quickly
jump from one program to another or compose new
programs while retaining the old ones. Programs are
included for patching damaged programs. Allows data or
machine language programs to be stored and retrieved
from a cassette. Programs are included for writing values
or characters to memory, and displaying memory con-
tents. Blocks of memory can be relocated. UP-1 can be
used as a Word Processor by allowing text to be stored in
memory and printed on the screen or an external printer.
UP-1 Cassette $14.95.
* DISASSEMBLER-ASSEMBLER (DISASM) *
Using English mnemonics and Decimal Locations,
DISASM is an easy way to learn to assemble machine
LanguageProgramsorSubroutines.Subroutinescan be
used with Basic Programs and called by either USR or
EXEC commands. For CC compatibility, all locations are
given in Decimal Values eliminating the confusion asso-
ciated with using HEX. All commands are Menue
oriented and the user provides the particulars for the
commands without having to remember command for-
mats. The Disassembler can be used to Analyze Machine
Language Programs as well as the Basic and Extended
CC ROMS. Example programs are included. Cassette
$19.95.
* TERMINAL PROGRAM (DYTERM) * new
DYTERM is designed to convert a Color Computer into
a terminal. Use it to send and receive information from
another computer, another terminal, or use it to provide
the software needed for sending and receiving informa-
tion over telephone lines with a MODEM. DYTERM is a
BASIC program with Machine Languate Subroutines.
Cassette $14.95.
EXTENDED BASIC is not REQUIRED. All programs
require a 16K Computer and are DISC compatible.
HARDWARE ITEMS
Increase your computer's memory with the following
Memory Expansion Kits. Soldering is not required but
your waranty will be voided by removing the cover. The
kits carry a one year warranty.
ME-1 upgrades 4K to 16K $19.95
ME-2 upgrades 4K to 32K $59.95
ME-3 upgrades 16K to 32K $39.95
ME-4 upgrades all CC to 64K $99.95
Note: A 1.1 ROM is required for ME-4
6809E Microprocessor Chip $19.95
6821 Peripheral Interface Adapter $6.95
EXTENDED BASIC ROM $85.00
WE REPAIR COMPUTERS
* PUT YOUR PROGRAMS IN A PROM PACK *
We will put your Machine Language and/or BASIC
Programs in a Cartridge. Send us your program on a
Cassette and we will return a Cartridge with your pro-
gram in it. The cost is $19.95 for up to 4K and $29.95 for
up to 8K. Add $2 for shipping.
ATTENTION SOFTWARE PROGRAMMERS: We are
looking for good original programs and are willing to pay
high ROYALTIES for them. Write or call for details.
DEALERS INQUIRIES INVITED
Checks, VISA & MC Cards Add $1 shipping
DYNAMIC ELECTRONICS INC.
P.O. Box 896 (205) 773-2758
Hartselle, AL 35640
146 the RAINBOW June, 1983
640 TX* (CD -X*: RETURN
650 Y-T(CL)
660 F-INSTR(TX*(Y>, X*>
670 IF F>0 GOTO 710
680 Z-T(Y>:Y-Z
690 IF Y-0 THEN CL-0: RETURN
700 GOTO 660
710 CL-Y: RETURN
720 Y-CL
730 FOR W-l TO 9
740 Z«T(Y):Y-Z
7S0 IF Y-0 THEN CL-0: RETURN
760 NEXT 14
770 CL-Y: RETURN
780 OPEN " I " f #1 f X*+"/TXT M
790 IF EOF ( 1 ) — 1GOTOG60
G00 LINEINPUTttl, X*
G10 ol-cl:gl-T(CL):t<cd-nl
G20 tx*(nl)-x*:t(NL)-gl:cl-nl
G30 BL(CL)-0L:BL(T(CL) )-CL
G40 NL-NL+1
G50 GOTO 790
G60 CLOSE : RETURN
870 A-0 : B-0 : C-0 : T»- " " : CH»- M "
880 FOR X-l TO 24
890 H*-MID*(X*,X, 1>
900 IF H*-"/"GOTO930
910 T*«T*+H»: B-B+l
920 NEXT X
930 FOR Y-X+l TO 32
940 H*-MID*(X*,Y, 1)
950 IFHt-'V'GOTO 980
960 CH*-CH*+H*
970 NEXTY
980 F-INSTR(TX*(CL) ,T*>
990 I FF-0THENRETURN
1000 A-F-l : C-LEN (TX* (CD > -A-B
1010 A*-MID*(TX*(CD,1,A>
1020 C*-MID*(TX*(CD, A+B+1,C>
1030 TX* (CD -A*+CH*+C«: RETURN
1040 cls:y-cl
1050 FOR X-0 TO 10
1 060 I FLEN ( TX* ( Y ) )< 33G0T0 1 090
1070 PRINTS (X*32),TX*(Y):X-X+1
1080 GOTO 1100
1090 PRINTS (X*32) f TX* (Y)
1100 Z-T(Y):Y-Z
1110 IF Y— 0THENRETURN
1120 NEXTX
1130 RETURN
1140 Z-BL(CL) :CL-Z
1150 RETURN
1160 Y-CL
1170 i ft ( y ) — 0thenreturn
1 1 g0 i f i nkey*— " 8 " thenreturn
1190 print#-2,tx*(Y):z-T(y>:y-z:
GOTO 1170
1200 K*-TX* (CD: RETURN
1300 X*-K*:GOTO410 _
RECEIVED & CER TIFIED
The following products have been recently received by the Rainbow, examined by our magazine staff and approved
for the Rainbow Seal of Certification, your assurance that we have seen the product and have ascertained that it is
what it purports to be.
This month the Seal of Certification has been issued to:
Stagecoach, a game played with 16K ECB.
Objective: you are responsible for the safe
journey of the judge's daughter, Annabelle,
while you try to carry gold across the desert
in a stagecoach. The James Gang and Indi-
ans are in hot pursuit. Available from
Petrocci Freelance Associates, 651 N.
Houghton Road, Tucson, AZ 857 10, $ 19.95.
Weather Watch, a series of three programs
which will provide you with National
Weather Service approved statistics in a
monthly report format. Also, retrieves a sin-
gle day from data-file for review. 16K,
$24.95. Forecaster & Weather Watch, used
to forecast general weather conditions with
80 percent accuracy. Includes the above
Weather Watch program, all on one disk.
32K E disk, $49.95. Available from Petrocci
Freelance Associates, 651 N. Houghton
Road, Tucson, AZ 85710.
Color DFT (Direct File Transfer), a utility
program that allows two TRS-80s equipped
with a modem and the DFT package to
transmit any file from one to the other over
telephone lines and the file may be transmit-
ted without any conversation. Available
from Computer Shack, 1691 Eason, Pon-
tiac, MI 48054, tape $24.95, disk $29.95.
The Color Picture Plotter (CPP), a program
that produces color pictures on the CGP-1 1 5
plotter. 16K ECB required. Available from
Ultralight Industries, 1 144 Kingston Lane,
Ventura, CA 93001, $14.95.
Graphics Program Generator I, a graphics
editor and program generator using 16K or
32K ECB. Using GPG-1 you can build a
complex picture on the PM ODE 3 screen in
either of four color sets and then it will write
a graphics program to tape to reproduce
your picture exactly. $11 .95. Graphics Pro-
gram Generator II, has all the f eatures of the
above GPG-1, plus characters with a self-
loading language module. $ 16.95. Available
from CoCo Data Enterprises, 1215 Emer-
alda Drive, Orlando, FL 32808.
Soooper Pac, a pac-maze style game requir-
ing 16K non-extended. Includes 3 mazes, 30
skill levels, 6 programmable speeds, 3 back-
ground colors, and 17 bonus point objects.
Choose between joystick or keyboard
action. Available from Bear Bones Soft-
ware, Inc. G-31 17 Corunna Road, Suite 108,
Flint, MI 48504, $21.95.
Intergalatic Force (/?OMPack), a space bat-
tle game requiring 16K ECB. Objective: you
are piloting an X-wing fighter and must
penetrate the def enses of the Death-Star and
fend off the attacks of imperial fighters that
have been dispatched to destroy you. When
you approach the shaft opening, you must
attempt to fire a bomb into the shaft. Avail-
able from Anteco Software, P.O. Box
14728, Fort Worth, TX 761 17, $24.95.
Add-A-Voice, a machine language utility
program which allows the user to add voice
output to any BASIC program f or the TRS-
80 with 16K (non-extended). Available from
H.I.B., 3505 Hutch Place, Chevy Chase,
MD 20815, $14.95.
Kwikgraf, a bargraph drawing program for
ECB used in con junction with EPSON MX-
80 printer. Available from West Bay Com-
pany, Route 1, Box 159-B1, White Stone,
VA 22578, $12.50.
Robottack, a 16K game with colorful high
resolutions graphics for 1 or 2 players.
Objective: you are the super human who
must fight off attacking robots and save the
remaining humans f rom destruction. Avail-
able from Intracolor Communications, P.O.
Box 1035, East Lansing, MI 48823, $24.95.
Canyon Climber, a game of skill and reflex
for 16K or more memory. Objective: gather
as many points as possible while avoiding
mountain goats, arrow-shooting Indians,
and rock-dropping eagles to reach your
goal — the rim of the canyon. Available from
Radio Shack Stores, Cat. No. 26-3089,
$34.95.
Graphic Screen Print Program, a utility
screen print program f or the Star Micronics
Gemini 10/ 15 printers. This tape has the 1.0
version on one side and the 1.1 version on
the other. Available from Custom Software
Engineering, Inc., 807 Minuteman Cause-
way, Cocoa Beach, FL 32931, $9.95.
Mathwar, an education program that pro-
vides an entertaining way f or a child to prac-
tice beginning math: adding and subtract-
ing. Available from Harmonycs, P.O. Box
1573, Salt Lake City, UT 841 10, $11.95.
TRS-80 Extended Color BASIC, a (814" x
11", 170-page, soft-cover) textbook for
learning to program BASIC using the TRS-
80. Suitable for high school, junior college,
and university levels, or can be used for self
study. A Spectrum book, written by Richard
Haskell. Published by Prentice-Hall, Inc.,
Englewood Cliffs, NJ 07632, $12.95. Also
available in cloth— $19.95.
Datamail, a cassette-based mailing list pro-
gram for home or business use. 32K holds
approximately 300 files. Available from
Dataman, Box 431, Station B, Hamilton,
Ontario, Canada, L8L 7W2, 16K, $14.95.
First Sampler, a tape with six programs,
including a mental math skill game, a word
game, a computer convoy game, a computer
memory game, an areade-type game, and a
haunted house adventure game. Also avail-
able from Dataman. 16K n $9.95
Yaazee, a 16K dice game for two players.
Objective: player pushes firebutton and tries
to get the best poker hand using five dice.
Available from Tom Mix Software, 3424
College, N.E., Grand Rapids, MI 49505,
$19.95.
The Frog, an arcade-type 32K game. Objec-
tive: you are a frog trying to get safely across
a busy road while dodging traffic and jump-
ing on the backs of turtles, alligators, and
logs to cross a river. Also available from
Tom Mix Software. $27.95 tape, $30.95
disk.
Trapfall, an arcade-type 16K game. Objec-
tive: fight your way through the jungle col-
lecting treasures as you jump the pits and
swing across the alligators. But be cautious
of the creature hidden in the basement. Also
available from Tom Mix Software. $27.95
'tape, $30.95 disk.
Space Shuttle, a game requiring 32K. Objec-
tive: learn to fly the space shuttle from
launch to landing. Also available from Tom
Mix Software. $28.95 tape only.
MSI Data Base, a program used for main-
taining a customer list or any list of names
and addresses that you may wish to create
with full edit and update functions. Availa-
ble from Delker Electronics, Radio Shack
Dealer #D223, P.O. Box 897, Smyrna, TN
37167, disk $39.95.
Upload, a program that provides the com-
puter with the capability of transferring pro-
grams to another computer in either BASIC
or machine language. Available from ML-
US'R Software, 1 15 Rising Sun, Fort Mit-
chell, KY 41017, $16.95.
The Seal of Certification program is open to all manufacturers of products for the TRS-80 Color Computer, the
TDP-100, or the Dragon-32, regardless of whether they advertise in the Rainbow. By awarding a Seal, the magazine
certifies the program does exist, but this does not constitute any guarantee of satisfaction. As soon as possible, these
hardware or software items will be forwarded to the Rainbows reviewers for evaluation.
— Jutta Kapfhammer
June, 1983 the RAINBOW 147
EDUCATION
■
u
( the 1
ECB
RAINBOW
_J.- -L
Esti mate
Reading
Difficulty
Sentence-
By-Se n t ence
By J, C Kretschmer, PhD,
Interested in the reading level of the books you arc con-
sidering purchasing for your children — or those that are
being used by your local schools? Perhaps you are plan-
ning to write a children's book. Will the finished product be
"over their heads" in terms of vocabulary and sentence
length? Now your CoCo can give you this information in a
way that no other readability program can. thanks to a new
readability estimation procedure from Sweden that has been
mod if ied for use with English texts (see J . Anderson's article
in the March 1983 Journal of Reading).
Simply called Rix (a modification of "Lis, " which is a
shortened version of Laharhtisindex, the original Swedish
formula), this new procedure differs from other short read-
ability methods in that it can provide a readability estimate
with as little as one sentence of text as a sample. #f course, it
is far more accurate if a sizable number (30 or so) sentences
are analyzed, preferably equal proportions from the begin-
ning, middle and end of a book or article.
There are several readability programs for microcomput
ers, but they all share a common limitation: you have to
enter about 30 sentences or more of text, then wait for the
computer to calculate the readability and display it. RIX-
RA r£will monitorthe readability of the text as you enter it,
on a sentence-by-scntcncc basis. This BASIC program fea-
tures a "status window" similar to the status lines of word
processing programs that continually updates the readabil-
ity estimate, RIXRA TKv status window displays the text
title (a one-word descriptor input by the user), the total
number of words, number of sentences, number of long
words (7+ letters), average sentence length and, finally, the
estimated reading grade level of the text being entered. All
(Dr. Kretschmer is with the Department of Teacher Educa-
tion, School of Education and Applied Professions, Miami
University, Oxford, Ohio.)
this information is updated as soon as the user signals the
end of each sentence by pressing ENTER.
For writers of children's books and educational materials,
RIX RATE can provide a check on whether or not their
writing is unconsciously beginning to "drift upward" out of
range of the intended readership. Teachers who produce
very clearly-written assignment sheets sometimes inadvert-
ently introduce them with directions that would make an
IRS-form writer proud. Keying such text into this program
might spare their students from "Directions Shock."
Those people who write the "simple" directions for
assembling children's new Christmas toys might also do well
to run them through RIXRA TE.
The program listing includes complete directions that
make the program user-friendly. About half of the listing
(lines 290-690) consist of instructions, and these should be
read carefully when the program is run. You can type in the
text normally, thanks to the IN KEYS loop that is the heart
of the program (lines 700-&00), but you must omit all punc-
tuation except apostrophes (for contractions) and hyphens
(for hyphenated words). Be especially careful to remember
to hit the space bar before pressing ENTER at the end of
each sentence, (If you don^t, the last word will not be regis-
tered. An occasional slip won't affect the readability to any
significant extent, but consistently doing this will result in
loss of accuracy.)
Pressing ENTER — CHR$( 1 T) — clears the screen and
updates the readability statistics through two subroutines
(see line 770). GOSUB 1000 computes the Rix score (Rix =
number of long words/ number of sentences) and converts it
to a grade level Grade level scores beyond grade 12 are
reported as "college" (see lines 2020 and 3030). GOSUB
3000 clears the screen and prints the status window with
updated readability figures. For very long sentences (Wil-
liam Falkner's The Bear has sentences of several hundred
148
the RAINBOW
June. 1983
words) line 790 provides a mechanism that clears the screen
but does not change the readability stats if the input over-
flows the bottom of the screen. The counter (r) is set in line
740. You can correct spelling mistakes by backspacing and
not inflate the word length count because line 750 subtracts
each backspace. Finally, line 780 resets the word length
count (1) to — 30 after determining whether a word has
seven letters. This prevents additional letters from being
counted as long words. To fool the system, a word would
have to be 36 letters long! (Since "paradichlorobenzene" has
only 19 letters, I'm assuming this will take care of any
jawbreakers you choose to enter.)
The program does not require Extended Color BASIC.
RIXRA TEhas no formal ending command, so simply press
BREAK when you've had enough.
Now — is Lady Chatterly 's Lover really difficult enough to
be safely indecipherable to your 10-year-old?
The listing:
330 02F7
480 0536
620 0751
770 . 0965
END. . . 0BA9
100 'RIXRATE READABILITY PROGRAM
110 CLS:FOR X-32 TO 63
120 PRINT0X, CHR«( 143+32) | : NEXT X
130 PRINTG64+1 1 . "r ixr«t«
140 PR I NTS 128+6
LITY
150 PR I NTS 160+6
N THE
160 PR I NTS 192+6
Y J.
170 PRINT8224+6
AL OF
180 PRINTS256+6
1983)
190 PRINT9320+6
BY>
200 PRINT8352+6
R >
210 PRINT8384+6
TY>
220 PRINT9416+6
"A RAPID READABI
"PROGRAM BA8ED O
"RIX PROCEDURE B
"ANDERSON (JOURN
"READING, MARCH
"< BASIC PROGRAM
"< JOE KRETSCHME
"<MIAMI UNIVERSI
"<OXFORD OHIO 19
83 >
230 FOR X-480 TO 51 1 ZPRINTtX, CHR
* (143+32) | : NEXT X
240 FOR P-l TO 3000: NEXT P
250 CLS: PR I NTS 196, "DO YOU NEED I
NSTRUCTIONS?
260 PRINT8258, " (TYPE <Y> FOR .
— <N> FOR NO)
270 R*-INKEY*:IF R*«" "THEN 270
280 IF R*-"N"THEN 710
290 PRINT832, "instructions:
300 PRINT864, "l.YOU MILL BE ASKE
D TO TYPE IN
310 PRINT898,"A SHORT TITLE FOR
THE TEXT TO
320 PR I NTS 130, "BE ANALYZED BY ri
Mr at*.
330 PRINT8160, "2. AFTER THE TITLE
IS ENTERED, A
340 PRINT81 94, "STATUS WINDOW WIL
L APPEAR AT
350 PRINT8226, "THE TOP OF THE SC
REEN. rixrata
360 PR I NT8258, "MONITORS READABIL
ITY SENTENCE
370 PRINT8290, "BY SENTENCE. ALL
FIGURES WILL
380 PR I NT8322 , " BE AT ZERO UNTIL
A COMPLETE
390 PR I NT8354, "SENTENCE IS ENTER
ED.
400 PR I NT 93 84, "3. TYPE IN THE TEX
T, SPACING
410 PRINT&418, "AFTER EACH WORD A
S USUAL, BUT
420 PRINT8451, "< PRESS ANY KEY TO
CONTINUE>
430 R*-INKEY«:IF R*« " " THEN 430
440 CLS:PRINT866, "OMIT ALL PUNCT
UATION EXCEPT
450 PRINT898, "APOSTROPHES AND HY
PHENS.
460 PRINT8128, "4. SIGNAL THE END
OF A SENTENCE
470 PR I NTS 162, "BY PRESSING <ENTE
Introducing • Quality Software by MSI.
Featuring * DATA BASE for the Color Computer
* 32k Disk req'd. on i y $39.95
Features include :
. User Friendly - No programming knowledge
required
. 15 User defined fields
, Full Maintenance Capability (Add, Change, or
Delete)
. Print Options (Mailing Labels or Alpha listing)
. backup/restore to cassette
. Large 42x32 Screen Display
. Store up to 500 or more names on one disk!
. Fast direct access by name
. Sample "DATABASE" Included for Fast and
Easy Instruction ONLY $39.95
exclusively from
Delker Electronics, Inc.
□ELKER
(Dealer Inquiries welcome)
Delker Electronics, Inc.
P.O. Box 897
Dept D
Smyrna, TN 37167
800-251-5008
615-459-2636 (Tennessee)
June, 1983 the RAINBOW 149
R>. BE SURE
480 PR I NT* 194," TO SPACE AFTER TH
E LAST WORD.
490 PR I NT 9224 9 "5. DIALOGUE EXPRE8
8 IONS SUCH AS
S00 PRINT«258. " < WHAT? ASKED ANN>
SHOULD BE
510 PRINTQ290, "CONSIDERED ONE SE
NTENCE.
520 PRINTt320,"6.U8E THE _ KEY T
O CORRECT
530 PRINT* 354, "MISTAKES, BUT BE
CAREFUL TO
540 PRINT* 386, "SPACE ONLY ONCE F
OR EACH WORD.
550 PRINTH419, "< PRESS ANY KEY TO
CONTINUE>
560 R*-INKEY*:IF R*»" "THEN 560
570 CLS:PRINT864p"7.BE SURE TO I
NCLUDE ENOUGH
580 PR I NT*98p "SENTENCES TO CONST
ITUTE AN
590 PR I NTS 1 30 p "ADEQUATE SAMPLINB
OF THE TEXT.
600 PR I NTS 1 62 p "TAKE BLOCKS OF SE
VERAL 8ENTEN-
610 PRINT*194p"TENCE8 FROM THE B
EOINNINBp
TRS-80 COLOR BASIC
by BOB ALBRECHT
This entertaining self-instructional book is packed with
games, experiments, scores of intriguing challenges, and
activities related to fantasy role-playing games. The
ideal introductory aid for kids, parents and teachers
using the Color Computer.
John Wiley & Sons $9.95
605 Third Ave., New York, NY 10158
TRS-80 COLOR COMPUTER GRAPHICS
by DON IN MAN (i£j$fi&&^
Explore the creative and imaginative blending of computers
and color. This exciting book will enable you to explore
all the graphics capabilities of Extended Color BASIC.
Reston Publishing Company
1 1480 Sunset Hills Rd., Reston, VA 22090
$14.95
ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE GRAPHICS
FOR THE TRS-80 COLOR COMPUTER
by DON INMAN and KURT INMAN
This book is specific to the TRS-80 Color Computer with
applications using sound and graphics to illustrate how an
assembler can be used to perform feats that would be quite
difficult, if not impossible in the BASIC language.
Reston Publishing Company $14.95
DYMAX, P.O. 310, MENLO PARK,CA 94025
Dymax orders must be prepaid via check, money order. Visa
or Mastercard. Sorry, no Purchase Orders or COD orders.
Please add $2.00 shipping and handling. California residents
add 6% sales tax. flPw
RAINBOW
620 PRINTG226, "MIDDLE AND END OF
THE TEXT.
630 PR I NT* 256, "6. FINALLY, REMENB
ER THAT READ-
640 PRINTG290, "ABILITY ESTIMATES
ARE ONLY ONE
650 PRINTG322, "FACTOR IN DETERMI
NINO THE
660 PRINT0354, "THE DIFFICULTY OF
WRITTEN
670 PR I NT8386, "MATERIAL. CONTENT
AND OTHER
630 PR I NT84 16, "FACTORS ARE EQUAL
LY IMPORTANT.
690 PRINT0452, "< PRESS ANY KEY TO
START >
700 R*-INKEY*:IF R*™" "THEN 700
710 cls : s-0 : sl-0 : w-0 : lw-0 : r-0
720 INPUT"TEXT TITLE (9 LETTERS
OR LESS): "|T*:OOSUB 3000
730 L*-INKEY*:IF L«-""THEN 730
740 printl*i:r-r+i
750 IF L*-CHR*(B)THEN L«L-1:R«R-
l:GOTO 730
760 IF L*-CHR*<32)THEN W-W+l:L-0
:OOTO 730
770 IF L*-CHR*(13)THEN 8-S+l:SL-
w/s::oosub 1000:qosub 3000
760 L-L+l:lF L>6 THEN LW-LW+llL-
-30
790 IF R>355 THEN R-0:BOSUB 3000
800 GOTO 730
1000 RX-LW/SIIF RX<-2 THEN O-l :R
ETURN
1010 IF RX<.5 THEN 0-2: RETURN
1020 IF RX<.8 THEN 8-3: RETURN
1030 IF RX<1.3 THEN 8-4: RETURN
1040 IF RX<1.8 THEN 8-5: RETURN
1050 IF RX<2.4 THEN 8-6: RETURN
1060 IF RX<3.0 THEN 8-7: RETURN
1070 IF RX<3.7 THEN 8-8: RETURN
1080 IF RX<4.5 THEN 8-9: RETURN
1090 IF RX<5.3 THEN 8-10: RETURN
2000 IF RX<6.2 THEN 8-1 1: RETURN
2010 IF RX<7.2 THEN 8-12: RETURN
2020 IF RX>7.2 THEN 8-13: RETURN
3000 CLS: PRINT80, "TEXT: "|T»:PRI
NT816, "TOTAL WDS-"|W
3010 PRINTO32, "N0.8ENT*S-"|S:PRI
NT848 , " NO . L0N8 WDS- " V LW
3020 PRINT864, "AV. SEN. LNTH— " V INT
<SL)
3030 IF 8-13 THEN PRINT880, "grad
• lv: COLLEGE": 80T0 3050
3040 PRINT8S0, "grade lv:"|B
3050 FOR N-96 TO 127: PRINTUN, CHR
* (140) I : NEXT N
3060 RETURN
150 the RAINBOW June, 1983
forefront of It^e pack
"It is great'
WHAT THEY ARE SAYING ABOUT COLORPEDE
" the Rainbow, Dec "82 ". .an .outsiarsdsny oflttr " N. Vernon. IN " . ;he bes\ graphs ^ \ twe sec si to U-,^
Dayton, OH ;he best grapl^cs and piriyabiLiiy o! any color corupui^r name ' McKeesport, PA
INTRODUCING
4
1 53456
COLORPCDC
This truly outstanding engineer designed, ^00%
machine language game with multi-colored high
resolution characters and tast action will chal-
lenge the most avid arcade buff. Can be played
by "I or 2 piayers controlled with joy sticks or key
board Joy stick control is fast, smooth and ac-
curate As COLORPEDE slithers through the toad
stpols, you attempt to destroy the COLORPEDE,
knock oullhe menacing Bouncing Bug and elim-
inate toad stools while accumulating higher and
higher scores. Demonstration mode with top 5
scores Pause feature. For 16K Color Computer
and TDP-100.
Cassette -$29. 95
1 fa
to*. - .: - .
w fi-
ll w
RrjBQTTflCK
Ultra fast arcade action with colorful high resolu-
tion graphics. You are the super human who must
light off the attacking robots and save the remain
ing humans from destruction. You have super
powers, can shoot in any direction and move
anywhere on the screen to accomplish your vital
mission.
Engineer designed, 100% machine language.
Can be played by 1 or 2 piayers with joy stick con-
trol Top 5 scores displayed. Pause feature. For
16K Color Computer and TDP-100 with joy sticks
Cassette- $24. 95
TO ORDER:
VISA, MASTERCARD, Money Order
Please aliow 2 weeks for checks Acid
$1.50 for shipping. $3.00outstde U.S. 4%
tax in Mich.
P.O, Box 1035, East Lansing, Ml 48823
(517)351-8537
COMMUNICATIONS
DEALER INQUIRIES INVITED.
FOR THE COLOR COMPUTER & TDP-100
Like Card Games?
The 'Shack's Got Card Games!
We've all had that feeling of having purchased something
at such a low price that we almost felt like a thief, expecting
at any minute to receive a phone call informing us that a
mistake had been made and would we please return the
merchandise or cough up the correct amount.
That's about how I felt upon receiving a copy of Radio
Shack's Card Game, a collection of six superb games on
three casette tapes, which sells for only $19.95. This collec-
tion of programs is enough to quench the card-playing thirst
for people of all ages — with Poker, Black Jack and Solitaire
for the older set, and Go Fish, Last Pirate and War for the
youngsters. Included is a nicely designed and well-written
24-page instruction book that makes it easy to play them.
Another thing that should have bothered me, I guess, was
that I enjoyed some of the games directed toward the
children — such as Go Fish and Last Pirate — just as much as
****************************************
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
7C
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
Requires l6K-EJxt .BASIC , cassette.
Draw and erase lines, circles,
boxes, and vectors.
Alphabetically coded keyboard
control, with sound cues.
Hi-Resolution, 256x192.
On-Screen cursor, with variable
jump rate.
Paint function, can be used to
produce negative graphics.
Tape storage of graphics screen,
change taped graphics.
$15.00
J P S
11^62 Columbus Ave.,W.
Fostoria, OH, ^4830
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
****************************************
those aimed at more mature audiences. I found them fasci-
nating, in fact, and very challenging. Gee, you're thinking,
this guy is either off his rocker or those are awfully good
games. You're probably right on both counts. Trust me!
Black Jack — Everybody knows how to play this old
favorite, don't they? Oh, well, just in case: up to four players
may compete with the dealer in this version. The object, of
course, is to beat the house in drawing cards that add up to
2 1 . If you wind up closer to 21 than does the dealer, you win.
If not, or your cards total more than 21, you lose.
Everyone receives $500 to start the game and the min-
imum bet per hand is a buck. The maximum wager is $500,
even if your winnings exceed that amount. The cards are
dealt af ter the last player's bet has been entered. The dealer's
hand is at the top of the screen with one of the cards
concealed. The amount of money a player has remaining is
displayed at the left of his cards, along with his/her name
(which blinks when a card is dealt, and the current amount
bet on the hand. Winnings are one-and-a-half times the
amount bet. If you want a hit, simply press the "H" key, "D"
to double the bet, and "S" to stay.
If your experience is similar to mine, you'll play until
every last dollar is gone. But you always get another $500
when you start a new game.
Solo Poker — Playing one hand of poker can be a chal-
lenge, but did you every try playing 10 hands at one time?
That's what is expected of you in this mind-boggier.
You have five horizontal and vertical rows, in which you
try to obtain the best hands possible. Five cards have already
been dealt face down in a left-to-right diagonal pattern.
They will become a part of the 10 hands you build.
The deck is to the right of the playing area. When a card is
to be dealt, a flashing block appears which can be moved to
any position within the five rows via the cursor. Once a card
is placed in a square it can't be moved again.
In order to turn one of the diagonal cards mentioned
earlier, you need to have at least a pair in the same row or
column. It then becomes a part of two hands — the one going
up and the one going down. It is wise to turn these cards up
as soon as possible.
The game is very confusing at first, as are many good
computer games, but with practice, the enjoyment increases.
Go Fish — A game that my seven-year-old son, Stephen,
used to play a lot with cards before we even dreamed of
owning a CoCo. And there's no doubt in my mind that
playing the game with CoCo is a much more enjoyable
experience. Seven cards are dealt to each player — you and
the computer. The computer's cards are at the top of the
screen face down. Yours are at the bottom of the screen face
up, but the computer doesn't know what's in your hand.
The object is to make more books than your opponent.
You ask the opponent for a card that matches what you have
in your hand. If you don't get the card, you are told to "Go
Fish," drawing one from the deck. If you get one that
matches one you already have, you get to go again.
There's really a lot of good interaction between you and
the computer. And for a seven-year-old, it's quite a learning
experience.
War — Half the deck is lined up on the left of the screen,
the other half on the right. The object is to get all the cards
away from the opponent. To win a hand, your card simply
has to be higher. Doesn't require much thinking, but it's
interesting to watch the rat-a-tat-tat of the cards as they fly
to the winner's side.
152
the RAINBOW June, 1983
What's blue and red, about an inch tall, able to leap
across a Color Computer video display in a single bound,
and destined to put Inky, Winky and Stinky out to
pasture?
Danger Ranger, the newest character from
ScreenPlay. That's who.
Danger Ranger isn't a clone of some moldy arcade
game. It isn't like any video game you've ever seen. It's
faster. More challenging. More fun.
Your joystick controls Danger Ranger on his mission
to make the universe safe for Mom, Brotherhood and
The American Way First, our hero finds himself in the
surrealistic 'Chamber of Pasha/ which consist* of five
consecutive platforms. Danger Ranger has to blast his
way through radioactive bale and roving eyes to pick up
the ten keys that may spell the difference betwen survival
and death for the human race!
If Danger Ranger can muster enough skill and courage
to survive those challenges, he'll enter the 'Acid Cham-
ber/ Here, not only do demons guaid the treasure boxes
he wants to collect, but fatal drops of acid fall from the
ceiling and rise from the floor. Not a nice way to make a
living - but it makes one heck of a video game.
Danger Ranger, from ScreenPlay.
Poor Winky. Lucky you.
l6KTape „ . . . . . $24.95
No Extended Basic Required
ScreenPlay™
I -800-334-5470
P.O. Box 3558 Chapel Hill, NC 27514
' flifldie Shack and Color Campuitf art tusdftmirki q( Tandy Corp
Last Pirate — A pirate's card is substituted for a queen in
this game and the object is not to be lef t holding that card or
you'll walk the plank! Your cards are dealt face up, the
computer's face down. During each turn you draw a card
from the opponent's hand, until eventually all pairs have
been removed. A blinking cursor moves so rapidly that it's a
little tricky trying to stick the computer with the pirate, but
it's fun trying.
Solitaire — Sometimes this game is called "patience"
because it's very hard to win. It's even more difficult with
CoCo because CoCo doesn't stand for any wishful thinking
or planned coincidences. If you try to play a card in the
wrong place, CoCo automatically returns it to the pile it
came from.
The deck is situated in the upper left corner of the screen,
above the seven rows of cards f ace down, except f or the final
card in each column. In the lower right is the "picked up"
corner, where a card stays until you've figured out what to
do with it.
Be f orewarned: You will rarely win, and Solitaire requires
a lot of time to play. But I think that the game was invented
as someone's way to kill time.
All in all, Card Games is an impressive effort on the part
of Radio Shack. And if this is any indication of how the
company plans to beef up its software support for CoCo,
then we all can look forward to even more delightful
experiences.
(Available at Radio Shack Stores, Cat. No. 26-3320, three-
tape package $19.95)
—Charles Springer
Color Computer Enhancements from Micro Technical Products
*LCA-47— Lower Case Adapter
Smart improvement 1
■ Compatible with ALL Color Computer
Software
- Bright characters on a dark background
• Lower Case with true descenders
■ Comprehensive User's Manual
- Easy 5-min installation
no cutting, no soldering
Uses NO system memory
■ 1 year warranty 1
Assembled & Tested $75.00
*PP-16— EPROM Programmer
■ SvoltEPROMs- 2516, 2716 & 2758
• Read. Program. Verify data, Verify erased
• Auto verify after programming
Softwareavailablelor 6502. 6800
6809. 8080, 8085, & Z80 \ ipeci=y one)
Note User must provide i v^'!;!::^ to computer
Bare PC Board &
Documentation $25.00
Complete Kit $45.00
*PAK ATTACK-
From Computerware
■ Great fun for all ' kids' without the quarters
■ Fast action, brilliant colors
Tape $24.95
•Super Color' Writer II-
From Nelson
- Tops ALL word processors for the
Color Computer'
• More features
Supports ANY line printer
Comprehensive documentation
ROM PAK.. $74.95 Disk. .$99.95
ORDER
*ROML-R0M PAK Loader Program
Innovative 1
Save your ROM PAKS on disk and run
WITHOUT removing disk controller (requires
64k RAM).
- Load and run ANY machine language
program. rainbow
FREE program included to copy machine '"lET 10 "
language programs from tape to disk
Tape . . . $25.00 Disk . . . $29.00
*ROMKIL-BASIC ROM Disabler
- Disables Disk BASIC ROM or Extended
BASIC ROM
Frees up extra RAM
System v.tys in selected level of BASIC
even if Hasr::
■ Cycling power restores all ROMs
Tape. .. $15.00 Disk ... $19.00
*PLUS32-64k RAM Enabler
Runs BASIC from RAM where you can
modify it.
Allows you to load machine language
programs above BASIC
Requires good 64k RAM system
Tape. .. $15.00 Disk ... $19.00
•BANNER— Moving Marquee
Program /S\
Display any message in GIANT *"
m o v_i n g letters
• You choose colors & speed
Tape. .. $19.00 Disk ... $23.00
♦SPECIAL SAVINGS— $25 oo Off
when you purchase Super Color' Writer II and
an LCA-47 together 1
NOW
RAINBOW
aflTIFlCAUt*
INC.
Micro Technical Products, Inc.
123 N. Sirrine, Suite 106-A2
Mesa, AZ 85201 (602) 834-0283
Add 5% for shipping, minimum $2.00.
Overseas 10%, min. $4.00. Arizona, add
5% tax. Visa & MasterCard welcome.
Two Zaxxon Games
Provide The Arcade Experience
During a recent visit to the local arcade, I noticed some-
thing very interesting. Almost all of the "in" games are
currently available for our CoCo. As each new breed of
games shows up in the arcades, the most popular soon
becomes available to us.
The latest entries into the family of arcade games f or our
CoCo are two versions of the very popular Zaxxon. Both of
them are written in machine language and require 32K. In
this game, you have to try and zap the deadly Zaxxon robot.
Before you get the chance to do this, however, you must
fight your way through a space fortress and then make your
way through outer space and fend off the enemy fighters.
Once you make it past these obstacles, which is no easy task,
you are ready to take on the Zaxxon robot.
Flying through outer space is similar to some of the
'space-war' type games, in that you must kill or be killed.
The most interesting part of the game is when you have to
make your way through the space fortress. There are walls
and force fields which you must navigate around. There are
also radar towers and fuel tanks, which you must either
destroy or navigate around. There is a certain amount of
strategy involved also. For example, if you destroy a fuel
tank, you are given additional fuel for your spacecraft.
Naturally, there are other things to contend with. There are
gun emplacements, missiles, and enemy planes, whose mis-
sion in life is to zap your spacecraft and prevent you from
getting a chance to kill the Zaxxon robot.
Zaxxon is the 'official' version of this game, which
explains why the name is the same. It has a nice demo mode,
and will accommodate two players. This one can be consi-
dered a clone copy of its big brother.
Zaksund, I guess, is the 'un-official' version of the game.
This one has two skill levels to choose from, and features
amazing sound effects during the beginning and ending of
each game. Although not quite a clone copy, probably for
legal reasons, it is very similar to its big brother.
Both of these games feature excellent fast moving graph-
ics as well as great sound effects. To me, they represent what
we should expect from a 32K machine language game these
days. There is no way to adequately describe the visual
effects, except to say that you really get the feeling that you
are flying a spacecraft. Responsiveness to the joystick is also
very good, and this is important' in these games, because
maneuverability is the key to success.
Zaxxon more closely resembles the arcade version, and
has a slight edge in the graphics department. Zaksund, on
the other hand, has the edge in offering two levels of play f or
the novice and expert alike. In deciding which of these two
fine offerings to buy, I recommend that you either flip a
coin, or better yet treat yourself to both of them.
(Zaxxon, Datasoft Inc., 9421 Winnetka Ave., Chatsworth,
CA 91311, $39.95 tape or disk. Zaksund, Elite Software,
P.O. Box 11224, Pittsburgh, PA 15238, $24.95 tape, $27.95
disk)
—Gerry Schechter
154 the RAINBOW June, 1983
WORKSAVER RECEIVES
RAVE REVIEWS
FROM COLOR COMPUTER NEWS AND RAINBOW
u
p
G
R
A
Fast Entry of
Basic Programs
Over 100 user
definable keys
Enhances all Coco's
from 16K Non Extended
Basic to Extended, 64K,
Disk
Available on Disk or
cassette
Built in cassette merge
User's Support Service
"There are a number of
products on the Coco
market. .the WORKSAVER
ranks up there with the
best of them"
—Rainbow Dec. , 82|
''...undoubtedly the best
program I have ever
bought for my color
computer"
—Color Computer News
Jan. '83
"the main function of the
program seems to be mak- \
ing things easier and morel
functional for the user. It '
succeeds extremely well"
—Color Computer News;
Jan. '83
THE WORKSAVER WILL SAVE YOU HOURS OF WORK^WRITING AND DEBUGGING YOUR PROGRAMS"
—Rainbow Dec, '82
FULL SCREEN EDITOR
"WANT TO CHANGE the line a
couple fines up? Simple. Use the
arrow- keys to the appropriate
place and make the change. This is
not only a lot easier, but it is vastly
faster, too. ..changing line
numbers, joining lines together,
breaking them apart, duplicating
them elsewhere— heady stuff — is
very easy to do with the
Worksaver" (Rainbow)
"The things that this program
add to the color computer...
INCREASE ITS
CAPABILITIES MANIFOLD
...it should have been incor-
porated into the original
MICROSOFT programming (or)
given out with every color com-
puter."
—Color Computer News Jan '83
THE PLATINUM WORKSAVER
INCLUDES:
* Enhancement program, including a
sample array editor on a high-quality
Agfa cassette:
* Fully labeled acetate keyboard over-
lay, not a cheap stick on.
* Complete instructions
* Loads in seconds, takes 2,2 K
DYNAMIC INPUT
Perform numeric calculations,
and check the contents of an
rays and variables, WITHOUT in-
terrupting the running of BASIC
programs: "An EXTREMELY
valuable feature that f use ALL
the time/'
—Color Computer News Jan. 83
NUMERIC KEYPAD
CONVERSION
"The keys JKLUIOP are defined
as the numbers 1-7, respective-
ly^Ahis mode is a Godsend for
long data statements "
—Color Computer News Jan, 83
FULL FEATURED
4 COLOR
KEYBOARD OVERLAY
'TRUTH: The WORKSAVER
overlay is the best we have
seen for this type of program/'
—The Rainbow Dec, 82
"A weft designed keyboard
overlay (NOT a sticker. /'
—Color Computer News Jan.
83
DYNAMIC EDITING
This is one of our users 1 favorite
features: When the computer halts
due to an error, or you want to
make an improvement while run-
ning, you can make changes
without losing data: l This is a ma-
jor plus in debugging., it can save
a lot of time in data loads,., (and)
the generation of data through in^
puts. Rainbow Oec, 1 82
u
\
Line Printer Conversion Chart
Function
Radio Shack
Radio Shack
Radio Shack
Radio Shack
TOP Line
Smith Corona
Microllne
Epson
Gemini
LPVII
LP Vlil
DMP100
DMP200
Printer 1
Daisy wheel
82A
MX Series
10/15
Line Feed
10 or 13
10or138
10OM3
10or 138
10or13
10
10
10
10
Back Space
—
8nn
—
8nn
—
8
a
6
Carriage Return
WW
26
13orl41
26
13 or 141
26
13
! 13
13
13
Start Underline
Graphics
15
15
15
15
25
ESC 1
ESC 1
Cancel Underline
Graphics
14
14
14
14
—
,
ESC"K"
ESC ,4 K"
Enter Graphics Mode
18
16
18
18
18
—
14
ESC ,4 @"
- ^^^^
ESC ,4 @"
- ^^^^
Data Processing Mode
mm,
30
30
30
30
30
—
14
ESC ,4 @"
ESC' 4 ®"
Word Processing Mode
mm
—
—
—
20
—
—
Normal Characters
30
30
30
30
30
—
15
ESC ,4 @"
ESC ,4 @"
Expanded Characters
ESC 14
31
ESC 14
31
31
14
14
Cancel Expanded
30
ESC 15
30
ESC 1 5
—
>.
20
20
Condensed Characters
—
ESC 20
ESC 20
—
—
29
14
14
Italic Characters
— ■
—
—
—
—
ESC ,4 4 rr
ESC "4"
Cancel italics
—
—
—
—
—
ESC "5"
ESC ,4 5"
Double-Strike
—
—
ESC31
—
29 31
ESC "G"
ESC ,4 G"
Cancel Double-Strike
—
—
— -
ESC 32
< —
ESC ,4 H"
ESC "H"
Emphasized
—
- —
■ —
—
—
ESC ,4 E"
ESC "E"
Cancel Emphasized
—
—
—
—
—
_
ESC'F"
ESC "F"
Set Line Length
—
—
—
: _
ESC "CT nn
ESC "Q" nn
Set Form Lenght
ESC ,4 F" nn
ESC "C" nn
ESC ,4 C" nn
Top Of Form
12
12
12
12
Skip Over Perforation
ESC "N" nn
ESC 4 N" nn
superacnpi
ESC 30
ESC 30
pop "o«» n
LOU O U
Subscript
ESC 28
ESC 28
ESC "S" 1
ESC ,4 S" 1
NOTES:
All commands {except nn, see below) are written as PRINT
#-2, CHR${NUMBER) where NUMBER is shown in the chart
above. Thus, to send a line feed on an Epson printer, the
proper format is PRINT#-2,CHR${10).
ESC is achieved by typing CHR$(27)
nn means a number
Where the format is shown as ESC "G" the command is
typed PRINT#-2,CHR$(27)"G"
For your convenience, we at the Rainbow have prepared this
chart to enable you to make the appropriate changes when
confronted with a program written for a printer other than yours.
Although most printers are produced to receive input via the
American Standard Codef or Information Interchange, there are
subtle differences in programs written for various models. For
example, you would type in CHR$(27) CHR$(31) to program
expanded characters on Radio Shack's Line Printer VM. But on
the DMP 200 and others, an ESC(14) is required.
We have selected 26 of the more common printer commands,
which should satisfy the needs of most hobbyists and personal
computer users, and maybe even some small businesses. The
capabilitiesof printers vary, obviously, so if there's adash under
a category listing, the option is not available under normal
circumstances.
If you have a notebook, or another method of keeping helpful
hints readily available, this chart belongs there. Thevalueofthis
information will increase as you become moref amiliar with your
computer and printer, and as the computer becomes a growing
part of your lifestyle. Keep it handy!
OS-9 • 6809 • FLEX
The same system software on FLEX, OS-9, SSB DOS, RS DOS —
offers portability and easier learning — for Color Computer and SS-50 systems
SCRIBE
EDITOR
* Many commands
compatible with familiar
editors for easy learning.
* Edit files larger than
memory.
* Many easy line edit
commands including
insert, change, delete
characters within a line.
* Macros for repeated edit
sequences.
* Merge files from disk
to create programs or
manuscripts.
* Interfaces with Text
Processor for word
processing.
* Great with Macro
Assembler!
WHY COMPUTERWARE
* Only Computerware
offers system software
on ALL major 6809
operating systems.
* 7 years of 68XX
experience and
unmatched expertise.
* As you change
operating systems,
there is no need to
re-learn system
packages.
* No-one can match the
quality for the price.
RANDOM
BASIC
* Thousands of existing
programs are now
transportable to
other operating systems.
* Extraordinary File
Handling Capabilities —
ISAM, Random, &
Sequential file structures;
FAST data file access;
Very efficient file design
— records can bridge
sectors.
* 1 1 Digits of precision —
BCD arithmetic for those
who need extended
precision.
* Flexible User Input
Commands — Conversa-
tional" programming is a
snap with commands
designed for easy user
input — single character
or whole lines.
* Easy Output Formatting
— Print Using, automatic
pagination, left & right
justification, easy
columnization and decimal
point alignment.
* Programming's Fast —
The interpreter provides
fast program development
and debugging — it is
self-documenting with
extended variable names.
MACRO
ASSEMBLER
* All Standard 6809
mneumonics and directives
supported.
* Macros allow you to
create often-used routines
only once!
* Conditional Assembly
allows you to build only
one multi-purpose source
code to generate several
versions, reducing
maintenance significantly!
* Repeat Sequences
eliminate redundant
coding.
* Any Size Source File —
assembles from disk.
* XREF program included
for easy cross-reference
listings
* Addressing Modes:
inherent, immediate,
relative, direct, extended,
and indexed — all
addressing modes!
FLEX is a trademark of TSC
OS-9 is a trademark of Microvware
Dealer Inquiries invited
COMPUTERWARE
6809 Specialists
Box 668
Encinitas, CA 92024 • (619) 436-3512
Computerware is a trademark of Computerware
CALL
OR
WRITE
FOR
COMPLETE
INFORMATION
Super "Color" Library 7
For the TRS-80 Color and TDP System 100 Personal Computers
fc ^ \ \ \ \ \
No matter what kind of problem you are trying to solve with the
Color Computer, there is a program in the ever-expanding
integrated, Super "Color" Library that will give you the solution;
Faster, Better Smarter!
Every Library program features MEMORY-SENSE to
determine your computer's memory, from 16 to 64K h and adjusts
automatically to maximize work space. All programs, except the
Super "Color" Speller and Super "Color" Dlsk-ZAP, feature a true
lowercase display with below line descenders, Each program has
been written specifically for the Color Computer in fast machine
code to be totally compatible for optimum performance —
Something a motley assortment of programs from diverse
sources or a passei of overpriced, wailet-FLEXing software from
a bygone era simpiy can not achieve.
The Super "Color" Library has ail the power, speed,
dependability and compatibility you will ever need so build your
library a volume at a time or put the fuli power of the complete
library of problem solvers to work right away.
NEW!
£/VVC) Super "Color" Writer II
s^f^y VERSION 3.0 By Tim Nelson
^ THE INTELLIGENT WORD PROCESSOR
The Super "Color" Writer II is for those who desire the best. It is
the most powerful, fastest, most dependable and versatile word
processor available for the Color Computer, from 16 to 64K. The
Super "Color" Writer II has features for the most demanding
professional, yet it is easy enough for newcomers to master.
Of course the Super "Color T1 Writer Jl has all the features you
would expect from the highest quality word processor, such as a
clear, crisp and readable professional display with your choice of
display colors, 9 display formats; standard 32x16 & 51-64-85x21
&£4 with real lowercase descenders; fulf 4-way cursor control,
sophisticated edit commands, the ability to edit any BASIC
program or ASCII textfile, seven delete functions, locate and
change, wild card locate, a real block move & copy, word wrap-
around, programmable tabs, display memory used and left, non-
breakable space, multiple headers and footers, dynamic Text
formatting, comprehensive format parameters, use with ANY
printer at any baud rate from 110 to 9600 baud, automatic justifi-
cation, automatic pagination, automatic centering, automatic
flush right, underlining, superscripts, subscripts, pause print,
single-sheet pause, optionally print comments, append text files,
available in a RGMPAK cartridge for maximum work space, but
that's only half of the story. No other program can even begin to
compare in features with the Super "Color" Writer IL
TAPE $69,95 ROMPAK
Check These Exclusive Features
MEMORY-SENSE adjusts to computer's memory (16-64K) for
maximum work space; TYPE-AHEAD, TYPAMATIC KEY
REPEAT and KEY BEEP for the pros; 3 PROGRAMMABLE
FUNCTIONS; AUTO PHRASE INSERT; COLUMN CREATION;
TEXT FILE LINKING; HELP MENU; A TRUE EDITING WINDOW
IN ALL 9 DISPLAY MODES; TRUE FORMAT WINDOW to
display line lengths up to 255 characters, with horizontal and
vertical scrolling to replicate the printed page including centered
lines, headers, footers, page breaks, page numbers, margins,
giving a perfect printed document every time. Also makes
hyphenation a snap; TRUE AUTOMATIC JUSTIFICATION for
neat, even left and right hand margins; Ability to use
CHARACTER CODES for printing special characters available
with your printer; freedom to embed as many PRINTER
CONTROL CODES as desired anywhere in the text, EVEN
WITHIN JUSTIFIED TEXT; 90-plus page tutorial manual.
ADDITIONAL DISK FEATURES: Read a directory, Display free
granules, Save with Automatic Verification, Load and Append
ASCII files, and BASIC programs, Kill files, and LinK flies from
disk for continuous printing. 54K bytes of workspace available
with a 64 K system. Only the best offers all of these features.
$89.95 DJSK $99.95
Tutorial only 515 00 (Refundable with purchase)
Tape & Disk require 32 K for lowercase display
Previous Super "Color 1 ' Wrilef II owners call for upgrade pohcy.
Super "Color" Mailer™
By Tim Nelson
The Super "Color" Mailer is a powerful multi-purpose mailing
list merging and sorting program including lowercase display
that uses files created by the Super "Color" Writer IL Combine
files, sort and print mailing iists, print "Boilerplate" documents,
automatically insert text in standardized forms, address
envelopes, the list is endless.
TAPE $39.95 DISK $59.95
Operators Manual oniy $10.00 (Refundable with purchase)
tfy Super "Color" Speller™
By Peter A. Stark
The Super "Color" Speller is a fast machine-code proofreading
program to correct Super "Color" WHter files Automatically
proofreads your documents against a 20,000 word stock
dictionary, plus your own customized dictionary and corrects
typos or marks them for special attention.
AVAILABLE ON DISK ONLY $69.95
Operators Manuai only $10.00 (Refundable with purchase)
NELSON SOFTWARE SYSTEMS 9072 Lyndale Avenue So., Minneapolis, Minnesota 55420 612/881-2777
i
32x16 & 51 -64-85x21 &24 Display
With Lowercase Descenders And
^fi)Super "Color" Calc™
I P ^ ^ELECTRONiC SPREADSHEET By Kevin Herrboldt
Now you can answer those What if?" financial projection,
forecasting, budgeting, engineering and calculating questions
with precision, speed and power using the Super <h Color' T Calc,
truly the finest electronic worksheet and financial modeling
program available lor the CoJor Computer, from 16 to 64K. Now
every Color Computer owner has access ,to a calculating and
pfanning toof rivaling VisiCalcV containing all its features and
commands and then some. You need only change one variable
and you instantly see how that change affects your assumptions.
You can even use VisiCalc templates freely with Super "Color
Calc! Combine spread sheet tables with Super "Color" Writer II
documents to create ledgers, projections, statistical and
financial reports and budgets.
Features include: 9 display formats; standard 32x16 & 51-64-
85x21 &24 with real lowercase descenders * MEMORY-SENSE to
adjust to computer's memory (16-64K) for maximum workspace;
Full-size 63x256 worksheet * Easy to use * HELP Menus to make
learning faster * Machine code speed and high precision * Total
flexibility in calculating * Up to FOUR VIDEO DISPLAY
WINDOWS to compare and contrast results of changes * Sine
and Cosine functions, Averaging. Exponents, Algebraic
functions, and base 10 or 16 entry * Multi-layered Column and
Row Ascending and Descending sorts ™ Locate formulas or titles
in fields * Easy entry, replication and block moving of frames *
Global or Local column width control up to 81 characters each *
Create titles of up to 255 characters * Typamatic Key Repeat *
Key beep ' Type-ahead " Print up to 132 column worksheet *
Prints at any baud rate from 110 to 9600 * Print formats savable
along with worksheet * Enter control codes for customized
printing.
DISK FEATURES: Read a directory; Display free granules; Kilt
files, Save with Automatic Verification; Load files; Append disk
files for complete worksheet printing. 54K bytes of worksheet
space available with a 64K system.
Tutorial and sample templates are supplied with the program.
ROMPAK $89.95 DISK $99.95
Tutorial only 1 15.00 (Refundable with purchase)
Dish requires 32 K for lowercase display.
Super "Color" Disk-ZAP™ 1
By Tim Nelson
Now the dreamed-of repair of 1/0 errors is a reality. The Super
"Color" Disk-ZAP T * is the ultimate repair utility for simple and
quick repair of all repairable disk errors. Designed with the non-
programmer in mind, the Super "Color" Disk-ZAP™ will let you
retrieve all types of bashed files, including BASIC and Machine
Code programs.
This high-speed machine code disk utility has a special dual
cursor screen display to show HEXIDECIMAL and ASCII
displays simultaneous^. You are able to: Verify or modify disk
sectors at will " Type right onto the disk to change unwanted
program names or prompts " Send sector contents to the printer
or any other RS-232 device * Search the entire disk for any
grouping of characters * Copy sectors * Backup tracks or entire
disks " Repair directory tracks and smashed disks * Full
prompting to help you every step of the way * 50-plus page
Operators Manual which helps you simply and quickly fix the vast
majority of disk errors, and teaches the rudiments of disk
structure and repair.
AVAILABLE ON DISK ONLY $49.95
Operators Manual only $10 00 (Refundable with purchase)
NELSON
SOFTWARE
SYSTEMS
9072 Lyndale Avenue So. 812/881-2777
d 16 Thru 64 K Too!
Super "Color" Terminal™
THE FINEST TERMINAL PROGRAM ANYWHERE!
Version 3.0 By Dan Nelson
The best has become even better, with many new features
including 9 display formats; 32x16 & 51 -64-85x21 &24 with real
lowercase descenders, plus compatibility with the 64K Color
Computer. This user-friendfy program makes communicating
with ANY computer a breeze even for a newcomer Communicate
using your modem with all the popular information services such
as Dow Jones, Compuserve, The Source, and local BBS s, clubs,
friends, or the main-frame at work. You can also communicate
directly with other microcomputers, such as the TRS-80 l/lll, IF,
other Color Computers, Apptes, IBM PCs, etc., via RS-232
without using a modem. Save the information or PRINT IT!
FEATURES: MEMORY-SENSE to adjust to computer s memory
(16-64K) for maximum work space; Selectively print data at baua
rates from 110 to 9600 * 54K of datastorage with 64K disk system.
128 character ASCII keyboard T Automatic graphics mode '
Word mode (word wrap) for unbroken words * Send & receive
Super "Color" Writer II, Database & Calc files, ASCII files.
Machine Language & BASIC programs ' Set communications
baud rate from 1 10 to 9600, Duplex: Half/Full/Echo, Word length:
5 6 7 or 6, Parity: Odd/Even or None, Stop Bits: 1-9 * Local
linefeeds to screen * Save and load ASCII fifes, Machine Code &
BASEC programs * Unique CLONE feature for copying any tape "
Lower case masking 1 10 Keystroke Multiplier (MACRO) buffers
to perform repetitive pre-entry log-on tasks and send short
messages * Programmable prompt or delay for send next line *
Selectable character trapping ' Files compatible with other
Library programs,
ADDITIONAL DISK FEATURES: Works with up to four Disk
Drives; Call a directory, Print free space, Kill disk files, Save with
Automatic Verication and Load textfiles or BASIC programs:
Save and Load KSM'S to the disk
TAPE $49,95 ROMPAK $59.95 DISK $69.95
Operators Manual only $10.00 (Refundable with purchase)
Previous Super +< Co IOr' T Terminal owners call for upgrade policy
/"^VfrSuper "Color" Database™
(N^ y By Dan Nelson
This high speed machine language program including true
lowercase displays fills all your information management needs,
be they for your business or home Inventory, accounts, mailing,
lists, family histories, you name it, the Super "Color" Database
will keep track of all your data.
The Super "Color" Database features MEMORY-SENSE to
adjust to computer's memory (16-64K) for maximum work space.
It is structured in a simple and easy to understand menu system
with full prompting for easy operation Your data is stored in
records of your own design, each divided into as many fields as
you need. All files are luHy indexed for speed and efficiency. Full
sort of records is provided for easy listing of names, figures,
addresses, etc , in ascending or descending order. The math
package performs arithmetic operations and updates other fields
which is especially useful when used as an order entry and
invoicing system. You can create reports, or lists for mailings, or
whatever. Create files compatible with the Super 'Color" Writer Jl
and Terminal. Up to five different print formats are available, and
control codes may be imbedded for customized printing
AVAILABLE ON DISK ONLY $79.95
Operators Manual only $10. 00 (Relundable with purchase)
For Orders ONLY Call Toll F ree
1 -800-328-2737 3E
Customer service and product support call (612) 881-2777.
MAIL ORDERS: $3 U.S. Shipping ($4 CANADA. $10 OVERSEAS)
Personal checks allow 3 weeks. ORDERS SHIPPED SAME DAY!
Available at Dealers everywhere.
If your Dealer is out of stock ORDER DIRECT!
A Division of SotUaw Corporal ion Minneapolis, Minnesota 55 420 US.A,
TRS-80 is a trademark oi Tandy Corp Visicafc *s a trademark of VistCorp.
WE TAKE THE COLOR COMPUTER SERIOUSLY.
AUTHORS 1 SUBMISSIONS ARE ENCOURAGED,
If It's Not The T' Board
How About The '285?
By Mike Reilly
I was one of the early Color Computer owners. Well over a
year and a half ago I had my 4K — 1 .0 Color Basic in my
rev. D board and was perfectly happy. After all, I didn't have
to worry about those old A, B, and C revisions. But bliss
ended quickly. My first friend to get a machine told me,
"When my screen comes up it says COLOR BASIC 1.1."
Right there and then I should have known what Tandy had
in store for me. Soon, most hardware types could tell you all
about the "E" board, with the 32K RAM piggyback, or
those strange "half -good 64K RAM chips." Then the full
64K modification appeared along with the five little
jumpers, and with a few wires you could handle FLEX and
much more. At that point we were ready for the long
rumored "F" board. Around the end of last year the new
board appeared in the TDP 100 and in November the TRS-
80C got it. But . . . it's not the "F rev.," folks. The board
layout is totally different. So what do we call this board? The
old board number was 8709137-E and the new number is
8709285. How about the "285" board?
LypeRioN
/ I presents
TREKBEST
The BEST 1 Trek ' game ever 1 1 1
INTRUDER ALERT 1
Can YOU outsmart the Robots???
Both games with multiple levels, and
Realtime, Fast Action lowres graphics!
Each for only $16.95
— The BEST in Adventures
** THE NECROLOGUE TRILOGY **
A Three program Adventure ! ! !
All Three l6k programs
for only $17-95
THE QUEST FOR THE STAFF OF LLORIHAR
Book I Parts 1&2
Both parts (2 l6k programs) for 13. 95
(Parts 38ck coming soon!)
All prices include P. & H 0 NY State
residents please add app. sales tax.
HYPERION SOFTWARE
P.O. Box 196
Lagrangeville, NY 125*4-0
I'll explain what's different and what has changed.
There are no major design changes except for one very
nice one: the ability to use the full 64K RAM mode. This
needed some wiring and I.C. pin bending with the "E"
board, but had been designed into the stock board. The 64K
chips and just four jumpers are all that you need to access all
the memory. You pull out the eight 16K chips, move the
three jumpers in the memory area over to the 64K position,
add a jumper to the lone 64K patch posts to the lef t of U 1 7
and cut capacitors C58, C60, C62, C66, C68, C70, C72, and
you're finished. That's what most figured might happen on
the "F" rev. if we were lucky. My guess is that very soon we'll
see the Extended BASIC 1.1 ROM that will allow us to use
64K for Radio Shack's BASIC. This way the Color Compu-
ter can easily compete with the Commodore 64. Now that
makes sense, doesn't it?
Some of the changes to the layout are:
The power transformer has moved toward the keyboard,
so the power supply section moved to the back.
The troublesome cassette motor relay has been changed
from a read type to a solenoid/ hard contact type. You can
hear quite a difference between the two. The reed gave a
small ping; the new relay sounds very prominent. Just by
turning the machine on you can hear if you have a new
board. This will help you people with tape recorders other
than Radio Shack, where the motor would not turn off
because of a locked up relay due to that motor's current.
The door on the ROMpack port door might be supported
by a very sturdy metal strap, not the upper half of the case.
But from what I see, even that will be changed soon as an all
plastic ROMpack door assembly is now appearing in new
units.
The keyboard connector which used to be a short flat
ribbon cable with two connectors was changed to a camera-
type, clear, flat cable which is part of the keyboard. You can
still disconnect the keyboard, but it's much more difficult to
do. The keyboard itself is also totally different. It looks
exactly the same as before, but now, inside there is a flat
conductive rubber contact sheet which solves the sticky key
problem many had. Lots of folks will rejoice over that.
The large RF shield has shrunk way down in size. It now
only covers the memory chips and the 6883 SAM chip. It's
tougher to remove, too. It's held in place by seven metal
fingers that go through the board and are bent underneath.
To remove it, you can reach under to straighten out most of
the fingers, then slowly pull it off.
One of the two 6821 PI As has been changed to a pin for
pin compatible 6822 II A which stands for Industrial Inter-
face Adaptor. There's not much difference between the two,
but the new chip is capable of higher drive levels and sensing
with higher noise immunity, which is needed for the key-
board matrix decoder contact system for the new keyboard.
Another possible problem change is the whole schematic.
Almost none of the designs have changed, but all the parts
were physically moved, and worst of all, every part has a new
location part number. This makes it extremly hard to find
anything without the new renumbered schematic. Not to
worry, because Tandy has them on the way. We'll be needing
an update to the Color Computer Technical Manual before
new owners get stuck with old schematics.
And last, I've noticed in the few new machines I looked
into that there are some small "fixes" (floating parts sol-
dered across other components, such as in the video output
area) in various places in some Color Computers, and not in
others, so get ready for the "285 rev. A." Here we go again!
160 theRAINBOW June, 1983
NEW for the Color Computer TP6-80
COCOCASSETTE SUBSCRIPTION SOFTWARE
* TRb 4t \S A TRADEMARK OF TANDY COMPANY
RAINBOW
CERTIFICATION
SEAL
ENJOY A MONTHLY COLLECTION OF Q-10 PROGRAMS!
Including gomes, education, home finance and more:
on cossette for as low as $5.00 a month! Add some ac-
tion and imagination to your Color Computer. . . Best of
all, we do the work!
LOOK AT SOME OF THE LETTERS WE RECEIVED FROM OUR SUBSCRIBERS.
"I just thought I'd let you Know thac your cossettes orrive in good order, lood just fine, ond I really enjoy your programs!"
NtA.XON OHIO
I was extremely impressed by the first tape I received from you The added extras are just super."
VII l.OWGfWjVE PENNSYLVANIA
'Seldom do I ever write a fon letter. Usually if something is good, nothing is ever so>d I just renew che subscription or buy
the product instead T&D is an exception. I subscribe to several
cossette computer magazines- Yours is certainly the most cre«tive
The covers ore originoi ond clever The moterial covered is . r\ \cc\ \rc\
excellent! pine buff Arkansas 1 YR(.T^ I55UE5) . . JOO.UU
"I only entered a six-month triol but am olready willing to extend my , // icciirc^ C TPl PlPl
subscription!' ooltewah Tennessee O MU lO IjjULjO . . J>OU.UU
SINGLE COPIES. . S 6.00
PRICES
—MICHIGAN RESIDENTS ADD 4% TO ORDER y A y /-n^-v/ -7 c -7-7
-OVERSEAS ADD £ 1 0 00 TO SUBSCRIPTION AND & 1 00 TO 01 O OVO" /D I I
SINGLE COPIES
PROGRAMS ARE FOR
EXTENDED BASIC
MODEL ONLY ISSUES
ARE SENT FIRST CLASS
SUBSCRIPTION SOFTWARE
IMMEDIATE SHIPMENT!
PERSONAL CHECKS WELCOMED!
SEND CHECK OR MONEY ORDER TO:
VISA
L
T&D SOFTWARE P. O. BOX 256-C • HOLLAND, MICH 49420
Kid Tested:
Radio Shack Tutors Are A-OK
Tandy Corporation has introduced two vocabulary tutors
for children ages 8-10 or grades three to five. Words That
Act and Words About Things are written f or CoCo using 4K
(Hooray! Hooray!). These programs employ text, pictures
and recorded speech to increase vocabulary skills. Questions
and feedback response techniques are used to enhance user
interest and provide a f un way to teach children without the
use of "shoot-em-up" arcade type rewards for correct
answers.
The programs are written in machine language, so
CLOADM and EXEC are the appropriate commands for
loading and running them. Also the recorder must be left
ON, so that the voice-cued lesson can proceed. This is not a
usual procedure for 4K programs and care should be taken
in explaining this to the "I-can-do-it-myself"age group these
tutors are geared for. The documentation suggests that the
volume control of the CTR-80A recorder be set between "5"
and "7," in order to load the program. We consistently
received an I/O error at these settings. Words That Act
finally loaded at "1" and Words About 772W£s loaded at "3."
The volume setting on the recorder then had to be readjusted
so that the voice could be heard. In all fairness, the docu-
mentation does say that some minor adjustments may have
to be made by turning the volume "a little higher or a little
lower." Still, I was disappointed in the hit and miss way the
proper setting had to be found for a program produced by
Radio Shack, using our original Radio Shack equipment,
which had been recently serviced.
Well, enough of the "adult" observations about these
latest entries. The proof is in the pudding. My daughter,
Now a LOGO for the
COLOR COMPUTER
***TINY TURTLE***
TINY TURTLE is an affordable ,
fully compatible LOGO language
with high resolution turtle
graphics, music , fast processor
operation f and storing and
retrieval of user procedures,
TINY TURTLE comes complete with
soft-copy reference user manual.
3-2k/extd basic/cassette $39*95
hard-copy manual $^*95
sds computers bogota. n.j.
pob ^50 07603
n.j. add 5% tax
Jenny, is eight years old and in the third grade. Having the
opportunity to help in reviewing these programs, was a
wonderful chance for her to invite her friends to "play" with
our CoCo. She invited a cross section of children, aged 8 to
10, in third through fifth grade.
Judging from the way the children handled the programs,
the age specifications were accurate. Of course, individual
differences and abilities must always be considered. Most
had no previous experience with a computer, except game
playing using joysticks.
In each program the student works at his own pace,
therefore having plenty of time to think out the answer. In
both programs, a word is presented with a brief definition
and an accompanying "picture." Then a question about its
meaning is asked. The next question then reinforces the
definition. At the end of the program, there are a f ew review
questions. Words That Act contains 45 questions and
Words About Things has 39. Both lessons took between 15
and 20 minutes to complete.
I was glad to see adequate reinforcement for correct
answers, as the voice indicates modest praise. Wrong
answers are indicated by a short beep tone, followed by a
new screen giving a verbal "hint." In fact, in most cases, the
hint is the answer. The screen then returns to the original
and the question is asked again. Most questions are multiple
choice, with some requiring a fill-in answer. The older child-
ren and those who were more computer literate enjoyed the
challenge of the latter. Both tutors involve reading and
listening skills and a score at the end was welcomed by the
children. It was evident that each child felt pride in doing
well. The boys were less impressed with the activity than the
girls. However, all said they really enjoyed doing them and
would do both repeatedly if they had the opportunity. All
the students expressed a desire to have programs like these
in their schools.
Words That Act and Words About Things are a good step
in the right direction for educational software.
As an educator, I would like to have had more thought
put into the choice of words used. It seems that the words
chosen were done so without a theme or common denomi-
nator within the programs. Also, many of the children
expressed their confusion concerning the low resolution
graphics. They said that sometimes they concentrated more
on trying to figure out what the picture was and missed the
verbal explanation of the word. Most frustrating for the
children was that, in multiple choice questions, if a key other
than the ones needed to answer the question was pressed, it
was considered a wrong answer. For example, if the proce-
dure was to choose answer 1 , 2 or 3 and the child inadvert-
ently keyed 4 or spacebar, etc., the answer was incorrect.
Once they adjusted to this, they were more cautious. These
things concerned me as an adult. However, all of these
proved to be minor inconveniences to the children. The
result was that the children, for whom these programs were
written, were very impressed and they really liked doing
them, while learning in the process. This teacher gives Radio
Shack an "A-" on this report card; there's always room for
improvement, but these two are near the top of the class.
(Radio Shack, Nationwide, Words About Things (Vocabu-
lary Tutor 1) is Cat. No. 26-2568. Words That Act (Vocabu-
lary Tutor 2) is Cat. No. 26-2569. Each is $8.95 on cassette)
—Stephanie Snyder
162 the RAINBOW June, 1983
THE STEREO COMPOSER
THE VOICE
The STEREO COMPOSER music synthesizer was developed for the true music
lover. All the features available for the COMPOSER described below are also
available f orthe STEREO COMPOSER. However, instead of using the single 6 bit
digital to analog converter built into the computer and the speaker built i nto your
TV, the STEREO COMPOSER uses two 8 bit digital to analog converters which
drive two audio power amplifiers. These amplifiers supply enough audio power
to easily drive your own external speakers. If you like, the output may be con-
nected to your home stereo system to further increase fidelity. Connection is
provided by two phono connectors. If the music is too loud, two built-in volume
controls are provided to allowyou to control the volume of each of the channels
separately. The advantage of being able to use external high quality speakers is
obvious. The use of higher quality digital to analog converters serves to further
increase music fidelity.
The STEREO COMPOSER produces music in stereo. Ofthe4 voices produced, 2
are directed to each channel. This ability alone increases the realism of the
music. You can even move the voices between speakers as the music plays.
The STEREO COMPOSER comes assembled, tested, burned in, with all the
software and hardware to allow you to immediately start enjoying your music. A
complete manual and examples are provided to give you everything you need to
know.
The STEREO COMPOSER is completely memory decoded so it does not conflict
with the Radio Shack disk controller. In this way, disk owners with an expansion
interface such as the BT-1 000 by Basic Technology can produce music from dtsk
with the STEREO COMPOSER in one slot and the disk controller in another In
fact, you can even have THE VOICE in another slot without any fears that there
will be memory conflicts.
Requires Extended BASIC and Minimum of 16K
Specify Cassette or Disk
STEREO COMPOSER (Hardware and Software) $119.95
THE COMPOSER
The COMPOSER is a 4 voice music compiler which easily allows one to develop
high quality music. Each voice is programmed separately. In addition, each
voice uses its own waveshape table which means a unique sound for each of the
4 voices.
The COMPOSER features a 7 octave range. It supports dotted and double dotted
notes as well as eighth, quarter, and standard triplet notes. Sixteenth and thirty
second notes are also supported.
The COMPOSER allows the music to be played at any tempo and in any key. And
believe it or not, the tempo and key can be modified as the music plays. This
gives the user tremendous versatility in developing music. Key modification also
allows the user to move the music up or down one or more octaves.
The COMPOSER displays a constantly changing random kaleidoscope pattern
as the music plays. In addition, the number of the note being played is displayed
which aids one in finding sour notes during music development. Both of these
displays can be disabled to allow any screen to be displayed while the music is
playing. In this way, one can show the words to a song or display a picture as the
music plays.
The COMPOSER develops a machine language position independent sub-
routine that can be Saved, Loaded, and Executed independent of all other
software. This means that you can share your music with friends. In fact, you can
write your own BASIC programs that call and play the music. Software vendors
may include the music in their own product.
The COMPOSER is menu d riven making it extremely easy and friendly to use and
operate. A thick operating manual is also provided. Many examples are given to
aid the user in getting started. All you need is provided, no additional hardware is
necessary. Don't let the price fool you, the COMPOSER has got to be heard to be
appreciated.
Requires Extended BASIC and Minimum of 16K
CASSETTE VERSION $24.95
DISK VERSION (32K) $29.95
SPEECH SYSTEMS got its start providing high quality speech synthesizers for
SS-50 bus computers. We are now proud to announce the same high quality
product for the Color Computer and TDP-100.
THE VOICE should not be mistaken with software speech synthesizers which
require the computer to do all the work in producing speech.
THE VOICE uses a special large scale integrated circuit, the SC-01 by VOTRAX,
to reproduce any one of 64 phonemes at4 inflections. Phonemes are basic units
of speech which allow one to reproduce any word in English as well as many
other languages.
THE VOICE has two outputs. Speech may be heard through the user's TV
speaker, or the built-in audio power amplifier may be connected to your own
external speaker. A phono connector is provided for this purpose and if the
volume is too high, a built-in volume control may be used to adjust it to the
proper level.
THE VOICE comes assembled, tested, burned in, with all the necessary
hardware and software. A complete manual with many examples are provided to
get you started in developing your own BASIC or machine language programs to
use speech.
THE VOICE is completely memory decoded so it does not conflict with the Radio
Shack d isk controller. In this way, d isk owners with an expansion interface such
as the BT-1000 by Basic Technology can produce speech from disk with THE
VOICE in one slot and the disk controller in another. In fact, you can even have
the STEREO COMPOSER in another slot without any fears that there will be
memory conflicts
We are trying to develop a library of software forTHE VOICE. Toward this end, we
will be offering substantial royalties to software authors for their work.
Requires Extended BASIC and Minimum of 16K
Specify Cassette or Disk
THE VOICE (Hardware and Software) $179.95
HOW TO ORDER
We accept CASH, CHECK, COD, VISA, and MASTER CARD orders.
Shipping and handling for all products in the
continental US and Canada
Shipping and handling for all products outside the
continental US and Canada
COD charge (requires cash, certified check, or
money order)
$2.00
.$5.00
.$2.00
Illinois residents purchasing the STEREO COMPOSER or THE VOICE please add
5 1 /4% sales tax.
Dealer Inquiries Invited
SPECIALISTS IN SYNTHESIZERS
FOR THE COLOR COMPUTER AND TDP-100.
It Si
peecn ^judtemA
38W255 DEERPATH ROAD
BATAVIA, ILLINOIS 60510
(312) 879-6880
RAINBOW
CALL ANY DAY, ANYTIME TO ORDER. YOU MAY ALSO ORDER BY MAIL.
CoCo COUNSEL
Got
Get
rog ra m •
M
ar
ket!
By lorn Nelson
Springtime! The creative spirit, welcome or not, has
invaded our bodies. It's time to get the lead out and
make that great idea into a best-selling program. To
those of you with ihat affliction, I offer a discussion of
considerations f or making that program a block-buster. My
approach this month will not be so much legal as it will be a
mixture of common sense and experience.
Programs, programs, programs- There are many kinds of
programs you can write and, maybe, sell. Before writing,
however, you must first caref ully research to determine what
you should write. After all, there are some things that just
won't sell.
So where do you start researching? You start with the
computer for which you intend to write. You have to find
out a number of things about the computer: How many are
there on the market; how many will there be; and, how long
will this computer be "viable,"* i.e., how many years will it be
around? You must also assess the technological status of the
computer. Is it old technology, or is it at the razor's edge? Do
its features, including display, memory capacity and hard-
ware expandability, meet the developing consumer needs
and tastes, compared to those offered by other equivalent
computers? None of these questions is easy to answer, but
you at least have to make an educated guess and then
compare your findings with the features of other competing
computers.
You next have to consider the market structure of the
software industry associated with the computer, This
includes the number and nature of the hardware and soft-
ware houses, the software and hardware distribution net-
work, and the packaging and pricing structure of the
market. These considerations are very important since they
control the number of units you can expect to sell and the
price that you can command,
(The information given in this article is not legal
advice. If you have legal questions you should
see competent legal counsel.)
Let's look at the Color Computer in light of these essen-
tially marketing questions. 1 don't know the number of units
sold or to be sold, or the projected life span of the Color
Computer. The TDP-100 is just now beginning to be dis-
tributed, as is the Dragon-32 and the Sampo, a Japanese
version. Also, it should be noted that Apple (tm) computers
of 1978 vintage are still alive and well. As to the relative
quality of the Color Computer, we all know that the Color
Computer is an excellent computer, or we wouldn't own
one, right'? Still, the prospective sof tware author must objec-
tively compare its features to those of other similar compu-
ters in light of both what they can really do and in light of
164 the RAINBOW June, 1983
^Computers produced ofter ap-
proximately October, 1982 require
on additional keyboard plug
adapter — please add $4 L 95.
• Affordable Price— Only $69.95.
• A must have for all serious computerists.
• Highest quality— U.S. made.
• Direct replacement— same key layout
• Professional appearance and operation.
• Fast, simple installation.
• Complete instructions included.
• In stock now.
AT YOUR FAVORITE DEALER OR DIRECT FROM
Mark Data Products
24001 ALICIA PKWY., NO. 226, MISSION VIEJO, CA 92691 • (714) 768-1551
We pay shtppingonall orders in the continental U,S,and Canada. Overseas add $500forshipptngandhandling. Foreign orders
pjease remit U.S. funds, California residents, please add 6*'b sales tax We accent MasterCard and VISA. We are always looking
for quality machine language programs Contact us f#r details.
what the machines are perceived by the public as being able
to do. How much memory will be a minimum requirement
in the future, especially as people demand more and more
"user friendly" programs which take more and more
memory? What will be the future of bit-mapped graphics
which also requires memory and a fast microprocessor to
process the screen so that it is updated to a tolerable speed?
What degree of resolution and sound will b6 expected by the
consumer? These and many other questions must be a part
of your objective analysis.
The distribution network is also well worth considering.
The Color Computer presently is sold primarily through
Radio Shack stores, although the TDP-100 and the Dragon-
32 are being sold in other outlets. Until very recently, Radio
Shack stores were not allowed to sell or recommend soft-
ware from outside authors, nor were outside vendors
allowed to sell Radio Shack computers. Tandy has recently
opened somewhat its software marketing policies, soliciting
submissions from independent developers to judge whether
it will allow the software to be recommended to Radio
Shack customers. These programs will not be marketed by
Radio Shack; Radio Shack merely allows them to be
recommended to customers. Of course Tandy, like all soft-
ware houses, will always give submissions consideration for
potential license or purchase. Thus, if you feel that your
program is what they're looking for, don't hesitate to submit
the program for purchase, license or recommendation.
If Radio Shack will not distribute your program, how do
you get it sold? Outside of the Radio Shack outlets, a distri-
bution network is growing somewhat because of the TDP-
100 and the Dragon-32. Software houses are increasing in
number and distributors are slowly beginning to become
interested in the Color Computer. Still, this distribution
network is very immature compared to that of other compu-
ters. Do not go into the effort required to create a program
without considering how it will be marketed and how many
people can be reached through the distribution network.
Closely related to the question of the technological status
of the computer is the question of the programming lan-
guage the computer uses. Before going on with this discus-
sion, I must say the obvious. To be salable, most kinds of
programs will have to be written in machine language. This
is primarily mandated by two things: memory and speed.
Machine language is much, much faster than the alternative
for the Color Computer, BASIC. Also, machine language
programs take up a fraction of the memory used by BASIC,
The Color Computer currently comes in two models, a 16K
and a 32K. (64K is also available with some modifications to
the other computers, and Tandy must surely be working on
a 64K model by now.) Since many people own 16K
machines, to sell well, programs must be workable in 16K
machines. These memory constraints absolutely require that
machine language be used for programs of any great size or
complexity. There are also the considerations of program
protection, flexibility and total control of the system. Thus,
only very limited applications allow the use of BASIC. In
reality, the customer also expects the speed and quality
associated with machine language programs.
In Texas, Orders,
Questions & Answers
1-713-392-0747
INDUSTRIES, INC.
2251 1 Katy Freeway
Katy (Houston), Texas 77450
To Order
1-800-231-3680
800-231-3681
SAVE BIG DOLLARS ON ALL TRS-8V® HARDWARE & SOFTWARE
TRS-80® by Radio Shack. Brand new in cartons delivered. Save state sales tax. Texas residents,
add only 5% sales tax. Open Mon. - Fri., 9 - 6, Sat., 9-1. We pay freight and insurance. Come by
and see us. Call us for a reference in or near your city. Ref: Farmers State Bank, Brookshire,
Texas.
WE OFFER ON
REQUEST
Federal Express (overnight delivery)
Houston Intercontinental Airport
Delivery, Same Day Service
U.P.S. BLUE- Every Day
References from people who have
bought computers from us probably
in your city. We have thousands
of satisfied customers. WE WILL
NOT BE UNDERSOLD!
ED McMANUS
In stock TRS-a0 Model
II and III
WE ALWAYS
OFFER
0 We accept MasterCard, Visa and
American Express cards
0 We use Direct Freight lines. No long waits
0 We always pay the freight and insurance
0 Toll free order number
No Tax on Out of Texas Shipments!
Save
10% 15%
OR MORE
Reserve your Model 16 Today!
TELEX: 77-4132 (FLEXS HOU)
0 Our capability to go to the giant TRS-80®
Computer warehouse 5 hours away, in
Ft Worth, Texas, to keep you in stock.
T TRSJQ ■ ■ Rigifami Tjvtamrt of Tin* Corp.
JOE McMANUS
pi
1454*
166
the RAINBOW June, 1983
The Color Computer uses 6809 machine language
(assembly language). You must consider the value of learn-
ing 6809 assembly language, and the routines particular to
the input and output specifications of the Color Computer,
versus the assembly languages and routines of competing
computers. What languages are similar? You also must con-
sider the feasibility of transferring your programs to other
computers to broaden your customer base. How many
"popular" 6809 computers are there, and what are the simi-
larities of their configurations, versus, say, machines based
"To be salable, most kinds of pro-
grams will have to be written in
machine language. This is primarily
mandated by two things: memory and
speed.
on the 6502 or 8086? Since you now own a Color Computer,
you probably are aware of the number of machines based on
the 6809 chip. You should assess the transferability of your
program and the breadth of your potential customer base.
Many programmers become tied to a particular kind of
microprocessor, and there are good reasons for this. Most
assembly language programmers pref er to program the 6809
over the 6502 because of its greater flexibility. Although this
is a good reason to choose to program a 6809 over a 6502 for
your personal use and pleasure, it should not be a limitation
on your choice of computer. For example, perhaps the
Z8000 chip is the easiest and "funnest" chip to program
ever — I really don't know if it is or isn't — but how many
machines are there with the Z8000 chip? Your new word
processor written in Z8000 may not sell more than a hand-
ful. You must be flexible if you are going to make the right
choice.
Once you have decided on your computer, you have to
decide on the type of program to create and how exactly to
create it. Of course, the type of computer you have chosen
will dictate to some extent the kind of program you will
develop. Some computers are primarily "game" machines.
The language to use has already been discussed. Of
course, you also must choose the right type of program to
create. This is done by carefully assessing the market before
taking the plunge. You must look at what is already availa-
ble, generally and specifically, and, most importantly, what
do your potential customers really want.
This last question is very important. All programmers get
caught up to some extent, after a while, programming what
they themselves like or feel is important, as limited by the
constraints of the machines. This is a very logical way to
develop programs for yourself, but the public is not, and
cannot be, so limited in its expectations. Your buyer will
not, nor should he or she, understand the limitations or
special capabilities of the computer; he or she usually will
®
ARCADE GAMES
Dtaler Inquiries welcome
Quality color computer software
All Software on tape only
All pfiM require 16 K except
where noted
★ By Spectral Associates ★
GHOST GOBBLER $26.95 ROBOT BATTLE $26.95
ALCATRAZ II $11.95 PLANET INVASION $26.95
GALAX ATT AX $26.95 COSM IC INVADERS $26.95
SPACE WAR $26.95 SPACE RACE $26.95
KEYS OF THE $23,95 DEFENSE $26.95
WIZARD
★ By Mark Data Products*
BLACK SANCTUM $28.95 ASTRO-BLAST $30.95
CAVE HUNTER $28.95 CALIXTO ISLAND $28.95
BERSERK $30.95 SPACE RAIDERS $30.95
★ By Computerware ★
COLOR PAC ATTACK $30.95 STARSHIP
DOODLEBUG $30.95 CHAMELEON $30.95
RAIL RUNNER $30.95 STORM $30.95
OOOO *By Intracolor*
8 COLORPEDE $35.95
★ By Tom Mix Software ★
O DONKEY KING $30.95
requires 32 K
Prism Software
CHOPPER RESCUE
LAS VEGAS
THE ALIEN
(Extended BASIC)
(Extended BASIC)
$13.95
$11.95
$13.95
RAIDERS "By Prism Software" In this adventure you must
deal with voodoo curses, alligators, ancient traps and hostile
natives: This adventure begins in the confusion of a large city
and ends (maybe too soon if you're not careful) in a dangerous,
dense jungle in South America.
(Extended BASIC) $16.95
A A- /■
V
Prism Software
779 Queen St.,
Box 1360, Kincardine,
Ontario, Canada. NOG 2G0
Tel:(51 9)396-8224
Add 5°o for shipping
No CO D.
VISA or Mastercard accepted
Ontario residents add 7% sates tax.
2-3
for iMIvtry
■v3
June, 1983 the RAINBOW 167
not be deeply schooled in the subtleties of the area covered
by the program. What the purchaser has are legitimate
expectations of what a product should be, expectations
often created by playing dedicated arcade games or working
with other larger computers. These expectations, however,
based on more powerful computers or dedicated game
machines, cannot be ignored. The programmer who creates
the greatest program of its kind in the world, making use of
every capability of the Color Computer to the fullest, but
without finding out and implementing the features that the
consumer feels are important is likely to lose to the less
meticulous programmer who has determined the customer's
wants and actual needs and adequately responded to them.
This point cannot be overemphasized.
As to particular kinds of programs to develop, you must
first assess what kinds of programs you like to write, and
have sufficient experience to write. If you have trouble
filling out your own tax returns, and hate every minute of it,
a tax preparation program is not for you. Within this
framework, you must assess the marketability of particular
types of programs. Should you create another Donkey
"A 11 programmers get caught up to
some extent, after a while, pro-
gramming what they themselves
like or feel is important, as limited
by the constraints of the machines.
This is a very logical way to
develop programs for yourself , but
the public is not, and cannot be, so
limited in its expectation. 99
Kong? Aside from the copyright violation problems, what of
the market. How many kong-alikes are there, and what
chance have you got of convincing a dealer to sell yours
rather than that which his or her customers are asking for?
Of course, if you avoid "knocking off" a game or other
program, you have to assess the likelihood that you can sell
it to a possibly saturated public. You still have to compete
with the kong-alikes and the pac-alikes for the purchaser's
dollar for games, for instance. Still, we're all waiting for
more and better utilities and games. Software is always
getting better, and the new blood and ideas are what will
make it so.
If you have decided to develop a game, great! Games are
always an area for rewards. There's also the chance that you
will hit it big. There are several things you must consider in
developing a game. First, games are low ticket items with
very high marketing costs. They cannot be sold for a lot of
money, but it costs quite a bit to sell them. Therefore, if your
program proves to be a small seller, the profits will be very
small. Moreover, games, although good sellers all year
round, sell best just before and after Christmas. Thus, you
may want to time the introduction of your program just
before the Christmas season rather than in April. Another
aspect is that games are more and more a fad item. A few
nationally advertised games are of interest and the others
have a hard time competing. The temptation to "knock off"
a copy of a nationally popular game is great, and frequently
succumbed to, with obvious potential legal consequences.
Even if you choose to create a new game, the games played in
arcades have set the standard for quality and consumer
expectations. You must, therefore, do a real quality job on
your game so that your customer's expectations are satis-
fied. Even with all this, games can be very profitable and can
be very fun to write, so good luck.
Utilities, such as word processors, on the other hand, do
not sell like games since purchasers usually must have peri-
pherals such as a printer and maybe a disk drive to use them.
Many, maybe most, Color Computer owners do not fall into
this category. Moreover, utilities sell best if part of a pack-
age of compatible software. You might therefore consider
looking f or a niche in the utility market not satisfied by other
software authors. Still, good quality utilities of all kinds are
always needed and welcomed by the consumer.
Once you have decided on what kind of program you wish
to create, you have to decide how you are going to market it.
This will strongly influence how you will write the program.
Up until now, the assumption has been that you will be
sending the program off to some software house so they can
assume the marketing costs and you can reap the royalties.
Don't forget that you can also market the program yourself
and join the ranks of software houses. Welcome to the
crowd. Self -marketing brings its own problems which,
although not discussed here, must be dealt with.
In whatever manner you intend to market your program,
be prepared for work, hard work. Contrary to popular
belief, programming is extremely hard and complicated,
especially the final 10 percent of the program. The concept
and initial programming can be relatively easy. It is the
finishing touches which are time consuming and frustrating.
Many of us have several "almost done" programs laying
around which we will "get to real soon." The truth is that the
work to finish, really finish, these programs, is what takes
stamina. Once you think you are done, you must let novices
try out your program and criticize it. Your "done" program
soon develops bugs only the new user could find. Moreover,
some of the criticisms are more substantial, such as that
game that you have been slaving over f or the last six months
is boring to play I Now what do you do? You should always
plan in this kind of revision. And those bugs must be fixed.
Sure, you can get used to this glitch or that bug, but the
purchaser shouldn't have to. Bugs, like cockroaches, will
never be eliminated from the face of this earth, but if your
program has too many, your customer will get the itch to go
elsewhere, and a software house will look askance. As best,
the sale of your program will be delayed because you failed
to do the whole job. Therefore, you have to be a very harsh
critic of your own work, a perfectionist. It's either you
kicking yourself or your customers doing it for you, over
and over and over.
These are some of the basics you must consider when
developing your software. I hope that this discussion has
provided some food for thought. Your work is cut out for
you, but properly planned, you will reap the rewards of hard
work and success.
In my next column, I will discuss the submission of soft-
ware to a software house from a practical and legal stand-
point. Until then, good luck with your programming.
168 the RAINBOW June, 1983
i
*
} •:
Micronix
Proudly Introduces Our New
Premium Keyboard for your
Color Computer
All the features of our popular
Professional Keyboard:
* No gluing, soldering, or cutting — plugs right in
* Four function keys complete the matrix
* High quality construction assures years of
trouble-free operation
* Complete documentation included
PLUS these exciting new features:
* Attractive low profile
'II * Extended Radio Shack layout
* Silk-smooth feel —
uses ALPS keyswitches
Our Versakey software enhances
f the keyboard's utility
* Auto-repeat, n-key rollover and
type-ahead
* FI becomes DEFINE,
F4 becomes CTRL
* May define up to 128 keys (including
their SHIFT, CTRL, and SHIFT-CTRL
combinations) as strings of up to 80
characters each.
* Supplied on cassette, may be copied to disk
"Have Josie ship yours toiay!"
The Premium Keijboarcl $89.95
The Professional Keyboard $69,95
Versakey software $9.95
Both keyboards carry a 90-day limited warranty.
Please specify your computer's PC board type if known. Otherwise, specify the complete catalog number
and serial number.
Micronix Systems Corporation
# 7 Gibraltar Square
St. Charles, MO 63301
(314) 441-1694
Terms: Prepaid check or money order, Mastercard or Visa.
Shipping Charges: U.S. $2.00, Canada $5.00, COD $3.50 {No COD 1 s to Canada),
INSIMB: Helpful
ML Programming Tool
Computer hobbyists tend to be almost fanatical about
their machines. Color Computer owners are no exception.
Most of us have seen or participated in rather heated discus-
sions that revolve around the 6809 microprocessor being
superior to a Z-80 or 6502. Without a doubt, the best way to
win an argument of this nature is to develop a real apprecia-
tion of how the CoCo works and how its 6809 brain thinks.
To do this requires an understanding of the microproces-
sors' native language — machine code.
In learning machine language, there are several pro-
gramming tools which are helpful and sometimes absolutely
necessary. These tools are not built into the Color Computer
but must be added in the form of software.
INSIMB is one of these tools which can be used to learn
the operation of the 6809. INSIMB is described as a
"machine code instruction simulator." It is used to write and
debug hexidecimal machine code programs.
INSIMB allows the following primary functions:
M — Memory examine and change. This allows you to
examine and change the hex code stored in memory. The
machine language program being examined is either read
into the computer before executing INSIMB ox is entered
one instruction at a time in hex code using this command.
D — Disassemble code. This is a mini-disassembler
which decodes the hex numbers stored in memory into
the microprocessor command code mnemomics.
R/ C - Display the contents of the simulated 6809 regis-
ters. Allows you to change the registers.
P — Allows protection of a portion of memory so that
it cannot be accidentally written to or executed by the
simulator.
S/ G/ J — Single step(S) or continuously (G) simulate
execution of a specified amount of code. With the "J"
option the value in each of the 6809 registers are dis-
played after each program step. This is the heart of the
program. Combined with the allowed "breakpoints" you
can examine in detail the execution of machine code. This
is useful in learning how the code works as well as trying
to debug a program.
An additional feature allows the output of the disas-
sembler or simulation to go to either the screen or the
printer.
Although this program is referred to as an "instruction
simulator," it provides most of the functions commonly
found in a monitor. The disassembler and the ability to
single step through the execution of a program are not
always found in a typical monitor. There are a few short-
comings as well, the most obvious is the inability to load and
save code from within the program. This requires you to hit
the reset button to go to BASIC in order to save or load a
routine. Also, the simulation of a program is very slow. To
give you a feel for it's speed (or lack of), a short routine to
clear the screen by loading &H8E into the text screen
addresses is instantaneous (i.e., less than one second) if
executed as a normal ML routine. The same routine simu-
lated using the "G" option takes about four minutes.
INSIMB is a relocatable machine language utility which
requires a Color Computer with at least 16K. It works with
disk or tape. INSIMB normally loads at &H0600, you need
to offset load it by &H1000 when using disk. It uses about
8K memory — this is a lot considering that a 'typical' monitor
often uses less than 2K. The documentation which comes
with this program is quite marginal. It describes each of the
functions provided, but could spend more time with a gen-
eral overview. In fact, given a better description I may have
gotten a warmer feeling for the advantages of an instruction
simulator over a monitor/ debugger.
The bottom line here is that the very detailed examination
of machine language program execution and the level of
debugging achieved by INSIMB trade off against its slow
speed and large memory requirements. If you already own a
monitor/ debugger, this program may not contribute much
additional utility. If you're thinking about learning machine
language, this may be the place to start, but be aware that
with this program you write hex code directly, and not the
wordlike mnemonics used with an assembler.
(B.C. Engineering, P.O. Box 768, Manchester MI 63011,
$39.95)
—Thomas Szlucha
T
C.C.Calc *25
Our own Electronic Spreadsheet for the Color Computer is a
very sophisticated but easy to use planning tool.
"Iipressive... just right for the casual user... a rial
worksaver..." (Rainbow, Feb' 83). 32K Cas. or Disk.
C.C-Fil* *7
A nifty little data base package with lots of uses. "Hy
favorite electronic notebook 1 (Scott Nonan, 80 Micro
April' 83) and just $7 for both Cassitti and Disk.
C. C. Writer *30
"Sieple and straightforward to use* (Color Computer
Magazine, April '83) but includes right justification,
global couands, file chaining, multiple copies, etc.
Works with any printer. 16-32K Cas, 32K Disk.
C. C. Mailer *20
Hailing list data base for CoCo and any printer. 4 Star
Rating (80 Hicro, Jan'83). Froe 90 to over 1000 records
depending on your systei. The C.C.Herger option eerges
Naie and Address with C.C. Writer letters. Up to 4 line
Address. Disk or Cassette. Kith C.C.Herger-$25
194 Lockwood
Bl oomi ngdal e, IL 60108
170 the RAINBOW June, 1983
A WORD FROM THE SPONSOR
Number five in these chats, and it is still too early to judge the
results in our Name the Column contest. But I have received some
excellent entries, and will have the winner next month. Stay tuned.
At this point, I'd like to thank a few more magazines for giving our
products great reviews in the past few months — in March, Color
Computer News reviewed NEWTALK and Rainbow reviewed
REMOTERM, while in April 80 Micro reviewed STAR-DOS. They
all loved them . . . naturally.
This month I thought you might be interested in some of my
cassette procedures.
While a number of outfits make leaderless computer cassettes, I
distrust them. From my audio days, I know that the beginning and
end of a reel-to-reel or cassette tape tend to get crinkled and
develop dropouts. This can destroy a program copy, and so I
wouldn't use the beginning of a leaderless tape anyway. In that case,
why pay extra for leaderless tape when you don't use it?
Instead, I buy 10-minute C-10 cassettes. These cassettes are
available from a variety of sources, and cost about 50 to 80 cents
each. I prefer to use one cassette per program, rather than put
many programs on one tape and then have to search for them.
All of these tapes have a leader, and so when you use them you
must be careful not to record your program on the leader instead of
the tape. Using fast forward to get past the leader may leave a bit of
an old program on the tape just before the new one, and CoCo will
have trouble separating them. Instead, my method is to do the
following: First, make sure the tape is fully rewound. Then place
the recorder in RECORD, and type the command MOTOR ON on
the computer. This starts the recorder motor, so that you are
recording although the computer is not yet writing anything to tape.
This erases the beginning of the tape. In the meantime, type your
CSAVE or CSAVEM command, but do not hit ENTER until you
see that the tape is well past the leader. I usually give it about ten
seconds before typing ENTER. This procedure not only makes sure
that I get past the leader, but also guarantees that there is blank
space before the program to make reading it easier. Works every
time.
For the disk users among you, I would like to announce two new
products: STAR-DOS 64 and STAR FLEX. Both are disk
operating systems for 64K computers. STAR FLEX is the famous
FLEX system by Technical Systems Consultants, adapted for the
CoCo, while STAR-DOS 64 is our own STAR-DOS, but modified
for 64K computers. Both come with high resolution screens and
have many features for the more advanced disk user. STAR FLEX
is, of course, compatible with the large amount of software
developed over the years for FLEX systems. STAR-DOS 64 will
also run much of that software, but its big advantage (besides the
fact that it is cheaper) is that its disk format is the same as Radio
Shack's.
If you do not have a 64K system, then by all means consider the
original STAR-DOS. The upgrade from STAR-DOS to STAR-DOS
64 is just the price difference between the two, so you can upgrade
at any time. (But before getting any DOS for your CoCo, read our
February advertisement!)
That's it for this month. Until June, just remember: On a Clear
Disk, You Can Seek Forever.
SPELL 'N FIX
Regardless of whose text processor you use, let SPELL 'N FIX find
and fix your spelling and typing mistakes. It reads text faster than
you can, and spots and corrects errors even experienced
proofreaders miss. It is compatible with all Color Computer text
processors. $69.29 in the Radio Shack disk or cassette versions;
$89.29 in the Flex version. (20,000 word dictionary is standard;
optional 75,000 word Super Dictionary costs $50 additional.)
HUMBUG — THE SUPER MONITOR
A complete monitor and debugging system which lets you input
programs and data into memory, list memory contents, insert
multiple breakpoints, single-step, test, checksum, and compare
memory contents, find data in memory, start and stop programs,
upload and download, save to tape, connect the Color Computer to
a terminal, printer, or remote computer, and more. HUMBUG on
disk or cassette costs just $39.95, special 64K version for FLEX or
STAR-DOS 64 costs $49.95.
STAR-DOS
A Disk Operating System specially designed for the Color
Computer, STAR-DOS is fully compatible with your present Color
Computer disk format — it reads disks written by Extended Disk
Basic and vice versa. STAR-DOS for 16K or 32K systems costs
$49.90; STAR DOS 64 for 64K systems costs $74.90.
STAR FLEX
The best implementation of FLEX for the Color Computer.
Complete with all utilities, text editor, macro assembler, and
HUMBUG debug monitor, $250.00.
ALL IN ONE — Editor Etc.
Three programs in one — a full function Editor, a Text Processor
and a Mailing List/Label program. All this for just $50. Requires
STAR- DOS and 32K, or STAR-DOS 64, or FLEX, specify which.
DBLS for Data Bases
DBLS stands for Data Base Lookup System. A super-fast system
for searching for a selected record in a sequential disk file. Supplied
with SPELL 'N FIX's 20,000 word dictionary as a sample data file —
lets you look up the spelling of any word in under FOUR seconds.
Priced at $29.95. Requires STAR-DOS.
CHECK 'N TAX
Home accounting package combines checkbook maintenance and
income tax data collection. Written in Basic for either RS Disk or
Flex, $50.
REMOTERM
REMOTERM — makes your CoCo into a host computer, operated
from a remote terminal. $19.95.
NEWTALK
NEWTALK — a memory examine utility for machine language
programmers which reads out memory contents through the TV
set speaker. $20.
SHRINK
SHRINK — our version of Eliza, in machine language and
extremely fast. $15.
EDUCATIONAL SOFTWARE
Introduction to Numerical Methods — college level course on
computer math, $75.00.
We accept cash, check, COD, Visa, or Master Card. NY State
residents please add appropriate sales tax.
1 **Xk*c S4omr(<^
Star-Kits
P.O. BOX 209 - R
MT. KISCO, N.Y. 10^49
(914) 241 0287
CPP Does It With Style
(And In Color, Too)
Being the adventurous type, 1 decided to buy the
Radio Shack Color Graphics Printer as soon as 1
could get my hands on one. It seemed to me, at the
time, to be a logical extension of the capabilities of
my CoCo. After all, if my computer could produce
nice colorful displays, why shouldn't my printer be
able to do the same thing? Maybe 1 haven't
been trying hard enough, but 1 have yet to get my
CGP-1 1 5 to produce anything other than cute drawings and
colorful listings. Every time 1 thought that 1 would sell it, 1
always figured that I would eventually teach myself how
exactly to program it. The other day, a review assignment
arrived from the Rainbow, Now I'm glad 1 kept it.
Color Picture Plotter, CP Pi or short, is a utility program
designed to produce color pictures on the CGP-1 15 plotter.
Aside from the obvious, it also has several additional fea-
tures that provide flexibility in deciding how the pictures
should be produced.
FLY AN F-161
Very Realistic
Instrument Flight
Fully Instrumented
Beginner or Expert
32K cassette $19.95 disk $21.95
KRT Software
P.O. Boot 41395 . 9t.
( 113 > -121-2140
, fL 3370 .
CPP is written in BASIC with machine language sub-
routines. It uses the Auto Run loader(by Sugar Software),
and is therefore started with a CL0A DM. It will produce a
three-color picture from a Pmode 3 screen, and it is recom-
mended to use color set 1 for best results. In order to
accommodate the full screen, the picture is drawn length-
wise by rotating the screen image f I degrees to the left.
Drawing is done one color at a time, and it is sort of like
watching a Polaroid picture develop. The time it takes to
print a picture varies considerably. A simple picture, with
only two colors, can be printed in 10-15 minutes. A more
complex one, with three colors (not counting the back-
ground color), can take an hour or more.
The first thing that C^asks is whether youhavea tape or
a disk system. It then asks if you would like to print alternate
lines. This allows you to choose a high density picture, with
each horizontal line plotted twice, or a low density picture,
withevery other line plotted once. Although thehigh density
mode produced the best results, 1 found the low density
mode to be very good, and used it most of the time because
of the additional time required in the high density mode,
Another nice feature of CPP is the ability to make up to
nine copies of your picture if it is already in memory. The
way you do this is to first run your program, Break it, and
then run CPP. You can also load a picture in from tape. If
youselect this option, you are asked how many files areto be
printed. Using this feature, you can save several pictures to
tape, and then print them one right after the other. Due to
the printing speed of the CGP-1 15, you can enjoy a nice
night out on the town while printing your collection often or
so pictures.
CP Pis a great utility that is not only unique, but very easy
to use. The documentation explains everything you need to
know in order to run it, except for how to save your pictures
to tape. It also comes with a sample picture of the American
flag, so you can check it out as soon as you load it. If you
own a CGP-1 15 plotter, and would like to add some color to
your life, make out your check now and run straight to the
Post •ffice. Also, while you are oui, don't forget to pick up
some new pens for your plotter. You will need them.
(All-Amcrican Ultralight Industries, 1144 Kingston Lane,
Ventura, C A 93001, $14.*5 on tape)
— Gerry Schcchter
172 the RAINBOW June, 1983
NEW
for your
COLOR
COMPUTER
Switchable Expansion Is Here
CoCo HAS A COMPANION!!
GOOD NEWS Switch over to more versatility with the new
BT-2f#0 COMPANION, Save CoG)*s connector with the best
COMPANION it will ever have.
• Load 5 cartridges into the COMPANION and avoid the hassles
while enjoying the benefits of push-button selection.
• Push a Button or select from your keyboard to turnon one of your
5 selections. Handy indicator lights let you know at a glance which
cartridge is connected.
• No More Turn-Offs. Just switch to the next cartridge in your
COMPANION, Push a button to Restart without turning off the
power.
• Plug-in. Fill one to five slots for flexible programming, game
playing or both. Choose ROM Packs, serial ports, parallel ports, or
disk drives. Then do what you like to dobest. The most powerful
and cost effective expansion you will find for just $249.95.
FOR THE ADVANCED USER OR
EXPERIMENTER
• The utmost in expansion power and versatility is the BT-1000
Expansion Interface Unit. $270.00.
• Large Built-in power supply tj^^ii
to power your peripherals rainbow
and experimenter circuits. ,6 * L
• Space for your ML utilities with optional 8K of RAM. $300.00
dSjC De ^- Q P 0 Box 511 Ortonville, Ml 48462
ECHNOLOGY 013)627-6145
ALSO NEW FROM BASIC TECHNOLOGY!!
• BTlMflf PPI Parallel Printer Interface. Free-up CoCo's serial
port. Run your printer at top speed. Five foot cable with Centronics
compatible connector and machine language printer driver are
included. $79,95.
• BT-1020 Real Time Clock/Calendar. LetCoCokeepthetime and
date for your programs and files. Day-light savings time and leap
year keep you on time. Save data or program memory even when
power is off with 50 bytes of battery backed memory, Alarm
capability to turn on the coffee pot. All for only SI 09 00.
• BT-1#3# VIP Versatile Interface Port. Connect CoCo to the
outside world with two 8-bit parallel ports, two 16-bit
timer/counrers and a serial shift register, All user programmable.
$49.95,
• WRITE FOR FREE BROCHURE.
For years of trouble-free enjnyment all Basic Technology products use
top quality components and are backed by a full 180 day parts and
labor warranty, We service what we sell! 1 1
Add $5 shipping &l handling for BT-1000, S2.5# for BT-1020.
Michigan residents add 4% sales tax, Shipping & handling for
residenrs of Canada, Hawaii, Alaska is $ 1 0. Overseas orders add 15%.
Check, money order, VISA, MC (give account no., expiration date,
phone no.). Personal checks allow 2-3 weeks to clear. COD charge $2
(requires certified check or money order).
"Watch for more peripherals from
Basic Technology. "
8 ITS MID 8VTES OF 8RSIC
Developing A
Program
In previous articles we looked at data input from key-
board and files and data output to files. A next obvious
step is to discuss data output to the screen and printer. I
was considering what examples would make a good article
when another idea presented itself. I was working a local
bulletin board and had a message typed in and nearly ready
to save when the phone connection was lost, along with the
message. There are advantages to composing messages off-
line when the terminal package being used supports sending
preloaded files a line at a time. An ASCII file can be loaded
into COLORCOM/E and sent in this way. To do this, one
would not need a full word processor, and it might be fun to
try writing one for preparing messages for bulletin boards.
Besides, the project would provide some good examples for
"Message entry and editing on most
bulletin boards are grim at best. Line
lengths are limited, generally to 64
characters, and the number of lines in a
single message are limited. 99
"Bits and Bytes." Let's call it Communications Word Pro-
cessor or COMMWP for filing.
The next idea was to write the first draft of the columns
while the program was being written. The objective was to
provide a more complete discussion of both the codeand the
thinking that went into it. Thinking has to start with what a
program is to do. What are the needs and what restrictions
must be observed?
Message entry and editing on most bulletin boards are
grim at best. Line lengths are limited, generally to 64 charac-
ters, and the number of lines in a single message are limited.
Message entry is line at a time, and don't make the line too
long or it will be chopped in mid-word or rejected entirely.
Editing is generally by retyping the entire line. Line length
and number of lines restrictions are clear enough, and edit-
By Richard A. White
Rainbow Contributing Editor
ing must be worlds better than retyping the line, so I made a
list of needs and wants.
1 ) Be configurable to different bulletin boards i n terms of
number of lines and line lengths.
2) Display lines used and lines left. As finally imple-
mented, this became lines used and lines allowed.
3) Allow user to scroll up or down through the message
using the arrow keys.
4) Edit or delete the bottom line displayed.
5) Be able to insert new or copied line between others.
6) The editor will be a phrase substitution type where the
user types the material to be removed and then the new
text.
7) Provide word wrap so lines longer than the limit can be
typed and the excess from the last space before the limit
will be moved into an additional line or added to the
next line as appropriate. This was expected to be tricky
and I listed some additional thoughts for later reference.
a. If we use LINE INPUT, very long lines can be
entered and the program has to deal with these.
b. The same goes for the insert mode. Will this be
different from adding lines at the end of the
message? Things like this need to be recognized
early and dealt with before they force time wasting
rewrites.
c. What happens when a user edits an existing line to
longer than the limit. Obviously, the program has
to detect this and add the excess to the next line
which then may become too long.
8) In addition to arrow key control, how about other
control keys like "T" for top of message, "B"for bottom
of message and "G" to GOTO a particular line. "G" was
not implemented due to screen space limits.
9) We have mentioned copying a line. Combined with
ability to delete messages we have a move function as
well.
10) We need a print routine so hard copy proofs and final
drafts for file can be made.
1 1) There should be a main menu to serve as the crossroads
from printer to entry to cassette/ disk load and save.
12) And lastly, there are the save and load routines which
need to offer a cassette or disk option.
I had written code for some of these functions for other
174 the RAINBOW June, 1983
programs and would need only to copy and modify. In other
cases, new code would be written. And as the program
develops, some limits will be encountered and opportunities
recognized. Expect details of the plan to change.
The next step is to convert our outline to program
modules or sections and allocate blocks of line numbers to
them. I like to deal in blocks of 50 or 100 lines to make it
easier to remember what is where. It's easier to remember
that input starts at 100 and edit starts at 200 than to
remember lines like 120 and 175. Single use or infrequently
used code goes to the end of the program so the Interpreter
does not have to look through it all the time. Speed sensitive
toron: forx-ito600: next: next: moto
RDFF * END
11000 pcleari:qoto2000
In 2000, string space is cleared and A$(I) is dimensioned
to 50. This means space is provided for 50 lines of text. Since
bulletin boards typically allow 16 or 24 lines there will be
ample space, unless you are preparing data for something
like an IBM TSO system. Anyway, you know where the
limits are defined and can easily change the program to meet
your needs. Default values for characters per line, CL, and
COMMWP MODULES AND NUMBER BLOCK ASSIGNMENTS
Lines
Module
Comments
5-99
Subroutines
Frequently called subroutines used by more than one routine
100-199
Enter Message
Enter fines at bottom of message
200-249
Edit
Phrase substitution editor
250-299
Insert
Put new text between existing lines
300-399
Wordwrap
Cut over limit text and add to next line
400-500
Delete
Delete line and renumber those above
500-600
Copy
Copy line into temporary variable and insert at new location
600-700
Printer
Hard copy for proof or file
900-1000
Save/Load
Disk or cassette option
1000-1050
Main Menu
Select primary functional choices
1050-1100
Configuration
Configure limits to specific bulletin board requirements
2000-2100
Initialization
Read strings and enter key variables into table
10000
Auto-save
Run past leader and save two copies to tape
11000
PCLEAR1
Avoid SN Error
Table 1
sections and frequently used sections go to the beginning. I
like commonly used subroutines to be between 5 and 99 with
the main routines starting at 100. You can see these rules
play out in Table 1.
This table turned out to be very handy during program
development and you should have numerous occasions to
refer to it if you follow the text closely. I will try to avoid
repeating what is in the tableexcept to elaborate or reinf orce
the information.
The first thing I put in was the initialization, auto-save
and PCLEAR 1 code. For you newer owners, there is a bug
in Extended BASIC that produces an SN ERROR if you
PCLEAR to a smaller number than currently set at the
beginning of a program. Putting PCLEAR 1 in the last line
of the program avoids this.
0 GOTO 11000
2000 CLE AR5000 : D I MA* ( 50 )
2010 cl-64:lm»16:a-0:b-0:k-0
2100 GOTO 1000
lines per message, LM, are defined in 2010 along with A, B,
and K which were entered when the delete section was
written. The program now moves on to the main menu.
Screen formatting was one of the hardest things for me to
get a handle on. The objective is to provide a neat text
arrangement that is readily understood and to which the
user can easily respond. Ours will use PRINT@ X, and the
";" which holds the cursor at the end of the last character
printed. There are 512 locations for "X" where printing can
start on CoCo's screen. Zero is the upper left hand corner.
Then count across to the upper right hand corner which is
31. That's 32 characters or printing positions on the line.
Computers like to start with zero even if people don't. The
second line starts with 32 and continues to count up. There
are charts showing the screen positions on page 277 of
"Getting Started With Color Basic" and on the Nanos Sys-
tem Reference Card. The last location on the screen is 5 1 1 at
the bottom, right-hand corner. Now let's look at the menu
code.
1 000 CLS3 : PR I NTQ4 1 , 11 COMMUN I CAT I O
NS" | : PRINT873, "WORD PROCESSOR " I :
PRINT8109," VERSION 1.0 "|:PRIN
Tai97,"nEW MESSAGE "|:P
RINT8229, "CURRENT MESSAGE
I
10000 AUDIOON: INPUT "RUN PAST LEA
DER Y/N"| I*: I F I *■ " Y " THENMOTORON :
FORX-1TO6000: NEXT
1 00 1 0 FORC- 1 T02 : CSAVE " COMMWP " : MO
100S PR I NT826 1 , " bULLET I N BOARD L
June, 1 983 the RAINBOW 1 75
IliIT8 >> |:PRINTQ293p M pRINT MESSAGE
"I : PR I NT 1 325, al sAVE /LOAD
MESSAGE " I : FOR J-0TO0: Z*« I NKEY
*: J- ( z*«" " > : next: z-instr < "NCBPS"
p Z«> : IFZ-0THEN1000
1010 ONZ GOTO 1020, 100,1030,600,9
Screen graphics can be like a suit and tie. They add class
and make the user more comfortable about the program.
We will add a little special touch to our menus with different
colored backgrounds and control printing, but not spend
much extra time on code. The main menu should show
program name, version, give the choices and hint how to
select them, and perhaps report a f e w key pieces of inf orma-
tion about work in progress. The last item might be lines
used and lines available, but we will leave that for possible
inclusion later.
The above code centers the program name on the second
and third lines, the version on the fourth line and then skips
two lines to start choices. These are centered, justified left
and have added space to square off the right side of the green
text block on the blue background. Each choice starts with a
different letter and is chosen by keying that letter. This is
signaled by putting the selection letters in reverse video.
Since single keystrokes make the choice, an INKEY%
routine is the natural input statement. Credit Richard
Metzler writing in the January 1983 80 US Journal, page 42,
with the code in line 1005 to do this. In Microsoft BASIC, an
NEW FOR THE COLOR COMPUTER
GRAF PLOT
HIGH RESOLUTION DATA GRAPHING
assignment statement like (Z$="") that has equal values on
both sides of the equal sign returns a — 1 for true. If values
are not equal, a zero is returned. As long as no key is pressed,
Z$=""and J is set to — 1. When the NEXTis encountered, J
is incremented to zero which does not exceed the limit, zero,
set after TO and the program loops back to have another
look at INKEY%. When a key is pressed, Z$ equals some-
thing, J is set to zero and then to +1 by NEXT, the limit is
exceeded and the program goes on to the INSTR statement.
An alternative is to use a subroutine and replace the code in
1005 with a subroutine call.
5 Z*-INKEY* :IF Z*>
E RETURN
THEN 5 ELS
When a program uses numerous INKEY% inputs, the
GOSUB 5 approach saves code at the expense of some
clarity. For this program we will go for clarity, but you may
choose to use the subroutine if you wish. The subroutine is a
tad faster. You can prove this with the following test lines.
RUN 100 then RUN 200 and note the slight difference.
TIMER reports 1 / 60 seconds.
100 TIMER-0 IFOR X-l TO 10 :GOSU
B5 : NEXT: PRINT TIMER : END
200 TIMER-0 :FOR X-l TO 10 :FOR
J-0 TO 0 :z*»inkey« :J-(Z*- ,,M ) :
next :next: : print timer :end
Going back to line 1005, the Z$ is tested in the statement
Z=/MST#("NCBPS",Z$) :IFZ=0 THEN 1000. If Z$ equals
one of the letters in the string "NCBPS," the count up the
string to that letter is assigned to Z. Otherwise, £=0 and we
go back for another try. A valid choice yields a number
between 1 and 5 which ON Z GOTO in 1010 can react to.
1020 FORI-1TO50: A*(I)» M,, :NEXT: I-
0: IH»0
GRAFPLOT turns your COLOR COMPUTER into a sophisticated
data plotter, producing professional quality graphs of any type
of X-Y data. GRAFPLOT is perfect for personal, business, statis-
tistical, scientific and engineering applications. Includes features
not found in any other COLOR COMPUTER graphing system:
■ 222x174 pixel on-screen data plotting area.
■ Complete on-screen labeling for two Y-axes w/200 data
points per axis leven more points by chaining data files).
■ g graphing options: 3 symbols w/2 line types or points only.
■ Full function data editing: add, change, delete and sort.
■ Hardcopy w/standard screenprint programs [not supplied I -
includes interface for Tandy SCRPRT w/instructions for
interfacing other printers and screenprint programs.
■ Unlimited overlays -plot 9 or more data sets per graph.
■ Graphs output to screen, printer, tape or disk.
■ Plots any user-defined function, edit 4 program lines.
■ Built-in data smoothing Imoving binomial average].
■ Built-in integration -calculate areas or evaluate integrals of
user-defined functions.
■ Lists data and integrals to screen or printer.
■ Saves completed graphs for instant reloading.
■ Menu-driven w/auto-prompt option for fast throughput.
■ Complete error trapping-GRAFPLOT won't let you make a
mistake, practically impossible to crash.
■ Comprehensive manual w/tutorials and sample data.
GRAFPLOT is available for 16K E.CB. on cassette ($35) and 32K
1 disk ($451. Easy upgrade to disk for difference in price [disk
version reads and writes tape data filesl. Send check or money
order to: HAWKES RESEARCH SERVICES, 1442 Sixth St.,
Berkeley, CA, 94710. include $3 S/H on all orders. Manual
available separately for $10 + S/H, refundable with purchase
of GRAFPLOT. CA residents add state sales tax.
Dealer inquiries welcome. Quantity discounts available.
1050 CLS3: PR I NT070, "BULLETIN BOA
RD LIMITS" I : PR I NTS 166, " CHARACTER
S/LINE "CL|:PRINT0198, "1INES/ME
SSAGE "LM| :PRINT0230, "oK AS I
S "| : FOR J-0TO0 : Z »- I N
key*: J- < z*-" " ) : next: z-instr < m clo
",Z*):ONZ GOTO 1060, 1070, 1080
1055 GOTO 1050
When New Message is chosen, line 1020 nulls the text
strings, sets current line, I, to zero and does the same for
lines in the message, IH. The user is given the option to reset
the then-current characters per line and lines per message
limits. Here a bit different method is used to handle the
incorrect entry. ON Z GOTO does not respond to a zero so
control goes to 1055 which loops back to 1050 for another
try.
1060 C»- ,,H :PRINT01G4, " " J : FORK"
0TO1 : FORJ-0TO0: Z*« I NKEY*: J- ( Z**>"
") :NEXT:PRINT01G4+K, Z*| :C«-C*+Z*
: next: cl-val <c«) : GOTO1050
176 the RAINBOW June, 1983
CoCo HEADQUARTERS
Looking to unlock the capacity of your Color Computer?
Search no more
TOLL FREE
1-800-251-5008
Extended Basic $ 89
32/64k Upgrade $ 69
16k Upgrade S 25
R/S Disk Cont r oiler $ 1 8 9
1.1 Basic ROM $ 2 7
00
00
00
00
00
SPECIALS
Super Pro Keyboard Kit
26-3004 Color Computer 16k
26-3002 Extended 16k CoCo
26-3003 32k Extended CoCo
26-3003(d) 32/64k Ext. CoCo
$
$
6 9.95
179.00
269 . 00
3 7 9.00
349 . 00
ACCESSORIES
Hayes SM1200 Modem $
USR AL212 (300/1200) $
Hayes SM 300 Modem $
R/S D.C. Modem 2 $
USR AL300 $
R/S D.C. Modem 1 $
Hayes/USR Cable $
26-3020 Cable $
Telewriter 64
Telewriter 64
Zaxxon by Sega
$ 59
$ 49
S 34
599
495
239
2 15
199
1 2 9
I 9
5
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
2 5
26-1208 CCR-81
26-3008 Joysticks
Kraft Joystick
Wico Track Ball
Wico Joystick
Wico Adapter
Verbatim Disks
Elephant Disks
SOFTWARE
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
5 2
2 2
49
59
2 9
1 9
2 7
2 5
00
00
9 5
9 5
00
95
95
00
95(Disk) Space Shuttle $28
95(Cass) Colorpede $29
95(C or D) Mark Data Adventures $ 24
95(Cass) Ghost Gobbler $19
The King by Tom Mix $26
**** All TRS-80 Software 13% off list *****
95 (Cass)
95 (Cass)
95 (Cass )
95 (Cass)
Others include - Spectral Associates, Anteco, Prickly Pear,
Mark Data, Tom Mix, Botek Instruments, Intracolor Communications.
TOLL FREE
1-800-251-5008
All of the above unfts covered by our 120
day cart y in warranty, (d) denotes "Delker"
(200ns) memory guaranteed for t year.
TR5-80 Trademark Tandy Corporation.
Prices subject to change without notice.
Safe prices g*od through May 31, 1983.
Write for our f-RHf: newsletter!
(DEALER INQUIRIES WELCOME)
DELKER ELECTRONICS, INC,
P.O, BOX 897
DEPT D
SMYRNA, TN 37167
800-251-5008
615-459-2636 (TENNESSEE)
1070 c*- m " : print8216, " " i : fork-
0to1 : forj-0to0: z«-inkey«: j- ( z*-"
m > : ne x t : pr i ntq2 1 6+k , z*| : c«-c« + z *
: next: lh-val <c«> : goto 1050
If the user wants to change the number of characters per
line, 1 060 is called. Its purpose is to erase the current charac-
ters per line value from the screen and get two digits printing
them as they are entered. The digits are added to form C$
and its value obtained by CL=VAL(C$). The program then
loops back to 1 050 to give the user another choice. Line 1 070
does the same thing for number of lines.
1060 I F I H-0THEN 1 00ELSE I F I H >LM TH
ENCLS3 : PR I NTS 1 66 9 11 CURRENT MESSA6
E" I SPRINT8299, M HAS MORE LINES 11
|:PRINT«232,"THAN LIMIT 8ET."|:P
RINT8296," PRESS ANY KEY "|:PRIN
T«326 f " TD CONTINUE "|:FORJ-0TO
0: J- < INKEY*-" " ) : NEXT
1 090 I - 1 : 6OSUB300 : 60T0 1 00
When limits have been properly set, the user presses "O"
for okay as is and the program goes to 1080. If this is a new
message, IH will be zero and control goes to line 100 for
message entry. If we are reconfiguring a current message to
new limits for a different board, there may be too many lines
or the lines may be too long. In the first case, the best we can
do is to send a message that there are too many lines and let
the user decide what to edit out. Here the user has the option
to use the message as is and send it as two messages from the
terminal package program. Finally, the Word wrap subrou-
tine is called to check for overlength lines and correct them.
This is the GOSUB 300 call.
300 FORJ-I TOIH:F1-0:IFLEN(A«(J)
XCL THENNEXT: RETURN
305 F-INSTR(Fl+l f A*(J) f ■ ">:IFF<
CL ANDF< >0THENF 1 -F : 8OTO305ELSEC*
-RIGHT* (A* ( J) 9 LEN ( A* ( J > > -Fl ) : A* (
J)-LEFT*(A«(J) f Fl)
Since Word wrap has been used, let's finish this month
with a discussion of how it works. First, we need to check
each line from I which does not have to be one, but is when
we have reset board limits to the last line in the message, IH.
That is what the FOR TO statement in 300 does. The varia-
ble Fl must be reset for each new line tested. Then, if the
length of the line is less than limits, the NEXT goes back f or
another. The RETURN is there for when the last line of the
message is found. If the line length is equal to or greater than
"Screen graphics can be like a suit and
tie. They add class and make the user
more comfortable about the
program. "
CL, the limit, we go to 305. There, the program loops
through the INSTR statement looking for either a space
after the line length limit or a zero. In either case, the
variable F carries the information while Fl holds the loca-
tion of the last space found before the limit. If there are no
spaces in the line, this code is in a world of hurt. We need to
refine this for Version 1.1. Fl indicates where the excess to
put into C$, a temporary variable, starts while the left hand
portion is put back into A$(I).
310 IFJ<IH ANDA*<J+1 )<> ,,M ANDLEFT
* (A* < J+l ) f 1 ) <>" "THENA* ( J+l ) «C*+
,J "+A*<J+1> : NEXT: RETURN
315 IFJ-IH THENA* CJ+U-C*: RETURN
In line 3 10, we check if conditions are right to add C$ to
the next line. First there must be a next line, then that line
must not be a blank and lastly it must not start with a blank.
These last two conditions may exist for message formatting
purposes that should not be disrupted. If all is in order, C$
and a space are added to the beginning of the next line. The
NEXT sends us back to line 300. If we are working with the
last line of the message, a new line is created in line 315 and
MORETON BAY SOFTWARE
For TRS 80 Color Computer & TDP 1 00
PROGRAMERS TOOLKIT
6 USEFUL TOOLS FOR THE SERIOUS COMPUTER USER
CHAINRUN - Add a single line to a Basic program and
subsequent Basic programs load and run auto-
matically. Allows program chaining.
HEXEDIT - ML program which gives full screen edit
capability in Hexadecimal or ASCII for any RAM
address in memory. Can be used to patch ML routines
in memory.
DUMP- Displays the memory contents of ML programs.
CMERGE - ML subroutine which saves the trouble
of retyping long subroutines. Merge different Basic
programs into one large program.
CROSS REFERENCE - ML program which prints line
location of all variables and sorted cross reference
list for the source and destination for every GOSUB
and GOTO statement in a Basic program.
BASIC FULL SCREEN EDIT - ML program which will
give full screen edit capability for any Basic program.
Edit programs with cursor control.
1 6K $28.95 postage paid
includes 10 pages of Documentation.
MORETON BAY SOFTWARE
MoretonBay A DIVISION OF MORETON BAY LABORATORY
316 Castillo Street
Santa Barbara, CA 931 01
(805)962-3127
Software v '
too or, s t _i ^ California residents add 6% sales tax.
TRS 80 50 Tandy Corp.
178 the RAINBOW June, 1983
J ARB
I
N
C
SOFTWARE
HARDWARE
COMPUTER PRODUCTS
AUX-KEY
(Auxiliary External Key Board Unit)
This full size, industrial grade key board
unit is P.C. Board mounted for trouble
free operation and years of use. Mounted
in an attractive aluminum case with a 12
key numeric pad, Aux-Key comes with a
long cable for remote location placement
of your 80C Requires no soldering to
your computer, and only about 15
minutes for installation. Does not affect
normal operation of your original key
board.
Add $4.00 Shipping $ 1 34.95
PEN-E- ARCADE
(Light Pen 4 Arcade System)
This unique system will allow the light pen
(included) to be used with supplied soft-
ware for many tasks normally requiring
key board input. In education, choose
answers by just touching pen to correct
screen location. Can be easily interfaced
to your own programs. All instructions
supplied. Also includes the JARB arcade
target gun and target software. Shoot
targets from across the room. No other
unit like this is presently available from
anywhere else for the 80C or TDP-100
computers.
Add $4.00 Shipping $74.95
COMREX CR-6S00
(1 r Color Monitor)
High resolution display monitor produces
an incredibly sharp image. Includes built-
in speaker with audio circuit. Compatible
with virtually any microcomputer.
$344.95
COMREX CR-I
Compact desk-top daisy wheel
printer, especially designed f or word
processing. Assures high reliability,
and produces quiet, high quality
printing. Complete with RS-232 in-
terface.
$810.00
U.S FUNDS ONLY
C.O.D. ORDERS ACCEPTED
Sorry, no C.O.D. on printers and
monitors.
NO CREDIT CARD ORDERS
• VIDEO INTERFACE KIT
Allows the composite video signal to be
interfaced directly to a B/W or color
monitor. TV and monitor can be used
simultaneously. Complete with com-
prehensive instructions and all parts, in-
cluding an external sound output. NOTE:
May not work with monitors requiring
high input drive - call or write for recom-
mended monitors,
$19.95
DUAL
rainbow JOYSTICK UNIT
UAL |U.«I.|
Single unit assembly enhances playability
of multi- joy stick/ player games; conve-
nient press-to-fire buttons
Add $4.00 shipping $35.95
EPSON PRINTERS
MXS0FT/Graftrax+ $524.95
MX100FT/Graftrax+ $699.95
Serial Interface w/4K Buffer
Ideal for 80C use $109.95
80CTO Epson Cable $19.95
See shipping Info
NEW PRICES ON
DATA CASSETTES
C-OS C-IO
$ .65 QTY 1-10 $ .70
$ .60 QTY 11-20 $ .65
Soft Poly Cases Ea. $.20
Hard Shelled Cases Ea. $.22
Cassette Labels (12) Sh. $.36
Cassette Labels Tractor (1000) $30.00
Call or write for quantity prices on all
cassette products. Special lengths avail-
able, eg., C-02, etc.
NANOS COLOR BASIC
AND EXTENDED
SYSTEM REFERENCE
CARD
"The New Industry Standard"
$4.95
(We pay postage on this one)
All types of Nanos cards available
MEMORY
UPGRADE KITS
• 4K/16K MEMORY CHIP SET
Eight 200 IMS 4116 Factory Prime Chips,
16K Ram Button, and Upgrade Instruc-
tions. No Soldering.
$16.95
• 16K/3XK
MEMORY UPGRADE KIT
Eight 200 NS 4116 Factory Prime Chips
with Piggy Backed Sockets, Sam Socket,
Bus Wire, and 32K Ram Button. Com-
prehensive Instructions. Recommended
for M D M or earlier, but may be used on
"E". Only 9 simple solder connections to
kit. None to computer.
$25.95
°*4K RAM CHIPS
Eight 200 NS Factory Prime 64K RAM
Chips. Allows you to upgrade "E" board
easily. No soldering needed.
$69.95
^Installation of these items will void the
Radio Shack warranty. Radio Shack is a
trademark of the Tandy Corp
WABASH DISKETTES
$25.00 per box of 10
DISK DOUBLER
$12.95
CoCo Chips
Sam, Pia, CPU, Ext. Basic,
and 1 . 1 Standard Available
We carry products
from many manufacturers.
If you don't see it, ask.
JARB
i
N
C
SOFTWARE
HARDWARE
1636 D Avenue, Suite C
National City, CA 92050
(619) 474-6213
SHIPPING AND HANDLING: Printers
and monitors add 3ft. Unless otherwise
specified, all other orders $2.00 per order.
California Residents add Wi sales tax.
C$ put there. If C$ is larger than CL, the problem will need
to be handled from the message entry mode. Here is another
place for refinement in Version 1.1.
320 FORJ1-IH TO I STEP-1 : A-VARPTR
(At <J1) > : B-VARPTR ( A* (Jl+l > > : FORK
-0TO4: POKEB+K, PEEK ( A+K> : NEXT: NEX
t: ih-ih+i : A* < ji+i ) -c«: next
Line 320 is the code to insert a new line between two
existing ones. We start with the last line of the message,
move its variable table listing up one and repeat the process
moving up the message one line at a time until space above
A$(I) is opened for the new line. The key thing to know when
using variable pointer techniques is that any variable used
must first have been defined and be in the variable table.
A$(0) to A$(50) are there because of DIM A$(50) in 2000.
We put K=0, A=0 and B=0 in 2010 for this purpose. If we
had not done this and obtained A= VARPTR ( A$( J 1 )) then
B=VARPTR (A$(J+l)), B would be entered into the varia-
ble table, the listing for A$(J1) would move up to make
room and A would become meaningless. Next, we can
PEEK the five byte length and address for A$(J) and POKE
it to A$(J+1) location. Finally the number of lines in the
message is increased by one and C$ is put in A$(J+1), which
is the same as A$(I+ 1 ) when the FOR TO NEXTloop for J 1
is satisfied . NEXTsends us back t o line 300 1 o look again f or
excess length lines.
Anyone had enough for this month? I have, and TELE-
WRITER is full. We have covered a lot of meaty material.
The best way to digest it is to type in each piece and study
how each works. The type in and test is the best debugging
method anyway. Next month we will finish the program.
Hebrew Utility Good, But
Requires Programming Ability
If you have ever had the desire or need to create Hebrew
greeting cards or Hebrew calendars, flash cards, etc., this
may be a program you might want to consider. Hebrew
Bulletin Board by Computer Island, is written for 16K
Extended BASIC and is intended to be used as a utility when
Hebrew or both Hebrew and English is desired in a
program.
After loading it easily into my CoCo and RUNning it, I
was able to see three examples of the way the program can be
utilized. After reading the well written documentation, I
found that in order to continue I needed to change a line in
the program. The change enables the user to bypass the three
demos and create his or her own material, allowing 200 lines
of original programming. It quickly became evident that, in
order to use this program, the user must have considerable
knowledge of programming. Each letter or series of letters
must be placed on the screen with a DRA W statement,
which must include X and Y coordinates, where the letters
are to begin and at least, in the first line of programming, the
color, rotation and size of the letters must be set. Finally, the
STRINGS representing the letters are added to the line.
Although it might seem complicated to the novice, it's not.
With some practice, it's not too difficult, but very time
consuming. Since Hebrew is written from right to left and
English from left to right, care must be taken not to let the
letters crash.
In running my completed program, I found the Hebrew
letters (in PMODE 4) to be accurate representations of the
accepted alphabet. I did however have difficulty lining up
the vowels under the appropriate letter. It seems that after
three consecutive vowels, they begin to move left, eventually
winding up under the wrong letter. This might not be a
problem for some people, since vowels are often omitted by
those fluent in the language.
The applications of this program are limited only by the
imagination of the user. I see it to be a good teaching tool.
Flashcardsand work sheets come to mind immediately. The
letter size can be easily adjusted to meet the needs of the age
group. Of course, you'll need a graphics screen print pro-
gram and a printer with graphics capabilities to get hard
copies. You might get ambitious and translate a contempor-
ary short story or novel to stimulate students' interest.
All in all, Hebrew Bulletin Board does what the publisher
claims it will do. If you have a need to use the Hebrew
alphabet, this will adequately fill the bill.
(Computer Island, 227 Hampton Green, Staten Island, NY
10312, $15.95 tape)
—Stephanie Snyder
("I CAN TALK!") talk processor
Quick and easy to use. No programming required. Has
26 common words, Just type in 2-letter codes and make
hundreds of statements in 3 voices. Uses digitally
recorded human speech. "Extremely clear". Rated good -
Rainbow Nov. 82 16K Ext. Basic $14.95
"ADD-A-VOICE" - to your own Basic programs.
4
A machine language utility (uses4K). Generate digitized
human speech with just a few simple Basic commands.
GAME SET(I, WIN, GOT, YOU, etc.) and QUIZ SET (YES,
NO, RIGHT, GOOD, etc.). You get both sets - 25 words
total. Specify 16K or 32K. Needs no Ext. Basic. $14.95
SUB-MISSION - HI-RES COLOR ACTION GAME
for16KExt. Basic. BONUS: Order Sub-Mission and get
"Missle Attack Underground" game FREE.
JOYSTICK REQUIRED $12.95
For immediate shipment send certified check or money order.
Personal check orders shipped in 2 weeks. Send to H.I.B., 3505
Hutch Place, Chevy Chase, MD 20851. Phone 301 656-1825 after
6 p.m. Add $1.00 for shipping.
, . , — RAINBOW
H.I.B. SOFTWARE K ~'
SEAL
FOR THE TRS 80 COLOR COMPUTER
180 the RAINBOW June, 1983
PRETTY PRINTER
This M/L utility program will allow you to write your
code in as compact a form as you wish, but list it to
the screen or printer in an easy to read 'PRETTY
PRINT format. Turn this: -
1 □ PRINT" EXAMPLE": FORX-ATO M:FQRY=STO
P:Z=X + Y:PRINTZ:NEXTY:NEXTX
Into this: - 1 □ PRINT "EXAMPLE":
FOR X = A TO M:
FOR Y= STQ P:
Z = X + Y:
PRINT Z:
NEXT Y:
NEXT X
With one simple command.
CAT. NO. DM001 16K Ext $12.95
P.U.F.F.
Say the magic word and P.U.F.F. your print formatting
problems dissappear. The Printer Utility File Format-
ter turns any word Processor (that produces ASCII
text files) into a super printer formatter. Embedded
codes wi I perform the following functions: -
* Send control codes to your printer.
Set left and right margins at any time.
Set headers and footers.
Left, Right and Fill Justify.
Centre the next'n' lines.
Temporary indent (neg or pos).
Plus many other features,
CAT. NO. DM002 16K Ext $24.95
KEYBOARD OVERLAYS
Many programs are supplied with keyboard overlays
to help you keep track of the various commands
used by the program. Now you can add overlays to
your own programs or to commercial programs
thatdid not come with this feature. Die cuttofitthe
standard Color Computer keyboard. Dealer inquir-
ies for blank or custom printed overlays are invited.
CAT. NO. HW002 99C each
□ATAMAIL
The ultimate cassette based mailing list program
for home or business use. Fully customized data
collection screen allows you to set your own field
lengths and field titles. Fast machine language sort
by any column in any field. Save all or any block of
files for latter reading by DATAMAIL or your own
letter program. Merge two or more lists, search by
record number or key word in any column. One key
commands for Input, Kill, Change. Print single
records or any block of files, 1,2,3 or 4 across. 32K
holds about 300 files.
CAT. NO. DM003 16K Ext $14.95
FIRST SAMPLER
Six programs for the price of one. All have been
published in popular computer magazines and are
now available on one tape at this special price.
* MATH Improve your mental math skills
* WORD Make words from the supplied letters in
this game for the whole family.
* CONVOY Can you sink the computers convoy
before it sinks yours?
* BAGIT Train your memory to remember the
things you put in the bag.
* VECTORS Row your boat across the river with-
out going over the falls.
* AHHA Find the treasure chest in Another
Haunted House adventure. Don't get caught by
the Old Miser's ghost.
CAT. NO. DM005 16K Ext $9.95
COCOCOPY
This all M/L Program will copy BASIC or M/L
programs including most Auto Start Programs. It
will supply the beginning, ending and offset addresses
and allow you to change the load address for M/L
programs. I/D errors are ignored so that bad tapes
can be corrected. Programs can be renamed and
the motor/audio functions are controlled from the
keyboard.
CAT. NO. DM004 16K Ext $12.95
SEND $2.00 FOR OUR 25 PAGE CATALOGUE
Refunded with first order,
We are dealers for the following fine companies: -
1
ARK ROYAL GAMES
COMPUTER ISLAND
DSL COMPUTER
PRODUCTS
DYNAMIC ELECTRONICS
FRANK HOGG
LABORATORIES
HOMEBASE COMPUTER
SYSTEMS
HOME RUN COMPUTER
PRODUCTS
LITTLE BITS COMPUTING
SERVICES
BOOKS from
SYBEX * BYTE * OSBORNE * RESTON
ADD 3% SHIPPING — MINIMUM 2 1
• MARK DATA PRODUCTS
•NELSON SOFTWARE
SYSTEMS
• RAINBOW CONNECTION
SOFTWARE
•SPEECH SYSTEMS
•SUGAR SOFTWARE
•THE PROGRAMMERS
GUILD
•TOM MIX SOFTWARE
•WEST BAY COMPANY
Box n 431, Sta. B
Hamilton, Ontario
Canada L8L 7W2
1-416-529-1319
ALL PRICES
IN CANADIAN
DOLLARS
PRINTER UTILITY
H
f the" "
ItiK
w ^™ %
t RAfNBOW 1
AFORMATR For The Gemini
By Bill Bohne
The purpose of the program which follows is to allow
formating of the Star Micronics Gemini 10/15 printers.
It is compatible with Epson printers with the exception of
"Vertical Tab" and "Proportional Characters," which
Epson does not use, and n/ 144 inches which Epson substi-
tutes with n/216 inches in the Line Feed Length mode.
With some modification, the program can be used with
other printers using similar control codes. The Baud rate is
set to run at 600. Line 100 contains the Baud rate value and
may be changed to accommodate the appropriate value for
the printer used.
On typing CLOAD "FORMATR" and RUN, the user
will be prompted to put the printer "On line." He will then be
prompted to enter the size of printer width. This will set the
maximum column size for format variables.
NOTE: From this point on, the user may ENTER "X"as a
response to any question the program asks. This will return
the user to the menu.
The program makes use of 25 printer format parameters
"See" Music!!
•The KALEIDOPHONE allows your Color Computer to 'listen to"
your hi-fi and display what it "hears" on your TV!
•Built-in interface circuitry lets the computer devote full-time
to creating the displays, so breath-taking, animated pictures in
full color are easy to program.
•Just plug the KALEIDOPHONE into hi-fi and joystick inputs.
•Do not confuse with imitations — the KALEIDOPHONE
continuously delivers actual volume signals (64 levels on
each of 4 channels). Works on any CoCo.
•Users' newsletter (FREE with purchase) contains doxens of new
display ideas in each issue — a literally infinite variety of pat-
terns is possible!
•The KALEIDOPHONE is something really new. Great for
parties! Order Now!
•Only $ 49.95 fully assembled. Kit version: $ 34.95. Both ver-
sions include operating software and full instructions. BONUS:
free issue of K ALEIDOPHONICS!
NEW SALEM RESEARCH
West Main Street
New Salem, Mass. 01355
Kaleid
contained in a menu format. The user selects the appropriate
value from the menu for the format he wishes to set. The
menu contains basically three types of modifiers. Each
modifier appropriately prompts the user for any required
additional information.
There are eight Format modifiers. Format modifiers
allow alteration of printer parameters controlling page for-
mat. These include Skip Over Perf, Header Size, Left and
Right Margins, Form Length (set by lines or inches), Line
Feed Length, and Horizontal and Vertical Tab Sets.
There are 12 Character modifiers. Character modifiers
either modify characters directly or select alternate charac-
ter sets. Characters include Slashed Zero, Underline Mode,
Double Strike, Italic Characters, Proportional Characters,
Superscript and Subscript Modes and 10, 12, 17 and
Expanded Character Modes and Emphasized Characters.
There are five Utility modifiers. Utility modifiers select
certain printer functions. They include Unidirectional Print-
ing Mode, Print If Paper Out, Form Feed, Software Reset
and Exit Program.
The program is useful in setting up printer conditions for
programs that require horizontal or vertical tabbing, page
formatting or alteration of text font or emphasis. With some
creative thinking, it can be used with Radio Shack's Disk
Spectaculator to generate data forms in a condensed test
format that display in excess of the normal 80-column
width. This requires formatting the printer to use the left
side of the page first, back scrolling to the top of the page,
then reformatting to use the right side of the page. This
yields rather impressive results, quite similar to that
achieved with substantially more expensive spread sheets.
For those who have print-
ers other than Epson and
Gemini, this program can be
easily modified with the aid of
OLir printer control code Con-
version chart, which appears
on page T56.
The listing:
Y 360...
. . 0393
680...
. . 0783
890...
. 0AC0
1070 .
. . 0D28
1300 .
. . 10A0
1480 .
.. 1350
1700 .
.. 1650
1930 .
.. 1994
2170 .
. 1C0B
END .
..1F3E
10 'GEMINI 10/15 PRINTER FORMAT
TER
20 ' COPYRIGHT 19G3
30 ' WILLIAM BOHNE
40 ' ELGIN, ILLINOIS
50 'THIS IS A MENU ORIENTED PROG
RAM
60 'DESIGNED TO FORMAT GEMINI 10
/15
182 the RAINBOW June, 1983
70 'PRINTERS.
80 *
90 *****SET BAUD RATE TO 600****
100 POKE 190,87
110 CLEAR 500
1 20 Z-27: Z»-CHR» ( Z ) : L-0
130 OOTO2040
1 40 CLS : PR I NTS7 1 , B« : RETURN
150 '
160 '****IF INPUT-X BREAK TO FOR
MAT****
170 I-VAL(I«): IF 1-0 AND I«-"0"
THEN RETURN ELSE IF 1-0 THEN SOU
ND50 f 5: SOTO 2180 ELSE RETURN
180 '
190 * ****ERRORS****
200 PRINT" LEFT MARGIN >- RIG
HT": L-0: RETURN
210 PRINT" RIGHT MARGIN <- L
EFT": RETURN
220 PRINT" CAN'T USE 0 OR 128 O
R >-" | B+l: RETURN
230 PRINT: PRINT" CAN'T USE TH
AT VALUE": RETURN
240 '
250 '****8END BELL****
260 SOUND230,5
270 PR I NT#-2 , CHR» ( 7 ) : RETURN
280 '
290 '****2 SEC TIMER****
300 FORT-0TO960 : NEXTT: RETURN
310 '
320 '****SET MAXIMUM COLUMNS****
330 PRINT: PRINT: PRINT" IS PRINT
ER 80 OR 132 COLUMN?"
340 PRINT: INPUT" 80 OR 1
32 " | B* : B-VAL < B« ) : I «-B« : GOSUB 1 60
350 IF B-80 THEN B-127: R-B: RETUR
N ELSE IF B-132 THEN B-255:R-B:R
ETURN
360 GOTO330
370 '
3G0 '****CHECK VALUE ' N ' ****
390 PRINT: PRINT" (N-l T
O 127)": PRINT
400 INPUT" N-"|It:GQ
SUB 160
410 IF Kl OR I>127 THEN 60SUB23
0:QOTO3G0 ELSE RETURN
420 '
430 '****ON OR OFF?****
440 print: PRINT: PRINT"
r
V
>-
lD
I.
O
KAMIKAZE
ARK
ROYAL
GAMES
P.O. Box 14306
Jacksonville, FL 32238
Prices on All same:
include shipping. Florida
Resident add 5% tax.
All Programs require Color
ComPuter™ (Tandy Corp) or
TDP System !00 ComPuter™
(RCA) '
KAMIKAZE 32K EXT — Fight off Takijiro Onishi's Kamikazes, find and destroy
his suicide fleet before it finds you. Hi/res action graphics include; radar, search,
mapscreen, fighter vs fighter, torpedo & divebomber, bomber vs ship, Kamikaze
attack, and more. Hit table, repair, ready planes, target data, ship vs ship, Joystick
option. 4 Levels.
RAINBOW
$24.95
KAMIKAZE I6K EXT — Not as extensive as its big brother but with enough
'boardgame' strategy to make it more than another shoot-em-up. Using your 12
ships and 68 fighters, search & destroy Kamikazes. Joystick option, play levels.
$19.95
ACROSS THE RUBICON I6K EXT or NON EXT - The popular WWII
wargame. Break thru the Huertgen Forrest using infantry, heavy and light tanks, air
& artillery strikes Paratroops. Graphics, terrain modifiers, unit designators and 5
minute conversion instructions for I6K NON EXT. State system when ordering.
RAINBOW
$19.95
From STRICTLY COLOR SOFTWARE
MISSION EMPIRE! A strategic wargame/strategy game. Starting with one
planet, incomplete intelligence and limited resources, you must conquer tie rest of
your galaxy. Play takes 2-5 hours and is DIFFERENT EVERY TIME! All versions of-
fer GAME SAVE option. Specify 32K disc or 1 6K-The 32K versions require Extend-
ed Basic, the I6K does not. The disc version is shipped on a cassette with instruc-
tions for transferring to disk. If you want disc, add $3.00.
$19.95
RAINBOW
June, 1 983 the RAINBOW 1 83
ON - 1"
430 PRINT" OFF - 0"
460 PRINT: INPUT 11 SELECT O
N/OFF" VI*: Q08UB 1 60 : RETURN
470 9
480 B»-"»»1-SKIP PERF**":Q08UB14
0
490 PRINT: PRINT: PRINT' 1 YOU MAY 8
ELECT 0 TO 127 LINES 11
900 PRINT: INPUT" SKIP HOW NAN
Y LINES"! I*: OO8UB160
910 IF Kl GOTO 930 ELSE IF I>12
7 QO8UB230: QOTO490
920 Q08UB 290:PRINT*-2 9 Z* >> N"CHR*
(I) : RETURN
930 OO8UB290 : PR I NT#-2, Z • " O " : RETU
940 9
990 B»-"»»2-SET HEADER** 11 :808UB1
40
960 PRINT: PRINT: PRINT" YOU MAY
SELECT 1 TO 16 LINES"
970 PRINT: INPUT" HOW MANY HEAD
ER LINE8"|I*:QO8UB160
980 IF Kl Q08UB 230:QOTO970 ELS
E IF I>16 G08UB 230:OOTO970
990 G08UB 290:PRINT*-2 9 Z*"R"CHR*
HARMONYCS INTRODUCES...
NEW if MATHWAR An addition and substraction game. The
game is played by jumping one tie-fighter over another until
only one is left on the screen. Each time a jump is selected a
math problem must be answered. There are four selectable
levels of math difficulty: Level 1— Uses numbers up to 19 but
no problems are given that require carrying or borrowing. Level
2— Numbers up to 99 with no carrying or borrowing. Level 3—
Numbers up to 1 9. Carrying and borrowing problems are given.
Level 4— Numbers up to 99. Carrying and borrowing problems
given. The student's interest is held by the graphics, sound and
fun of this thinking game. Wrong answers do not receive a
negative response from the computer. The program is FUN
for young AND old.
requires 1 6K and EXTENDED BASIC $1 1 .95
NEW * PIE-CHART written by Mick Murray
PIE-CHART allows you to enter up to 20 items and display the
resulting hi-resolution PIE-CHART. The data or the chart screen
itself may be saved to cassette. An additional feature allows
you to read the piecharts or OTHER HI-RES GRAPHICS
SCREENS back in from tape and flip quickly from one screen
to the next. You could save a large series of screens to tape
and "flip" through them much as might be done in a slide
presentation.
requires 16K and EXTENDED BASIC $10.95
* DISK MONEY MINDER permits you to set up and maintain
a family budget. 32K and DISK required $19.95
it MONEY MINDER II is a cassette version of DISK MONEY
MINDER 16K and COLOR BASIC REQUIRED ..,.$14.95
if PRESCHOOL PAK contains two preschooler learning drills.
Alphabet drills the preschooler in alphabet recognition. Counter
drills the child in counting up to 10. They're fun!
16K and EXTENDED BASIC required $8.95
HARMONYCS @>
P.O. BOX 1573
SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH 841 10
(I) : RETURN
600 B*-"**3-BET L MARGIN**" IQ08U
B140
610 L-0: PRINT: PRINT: PRINT" YOU MA
Y SELECT" V L| : PRINT"TO" V R» : PRINT"
COLUMNS"
620 PR I NT: PR I NT" HOW MANY
COLUMNS"
630 input" to the left mars i
N"il*:l-val<l*> : i*-l*:bobubi60
640 if l-0 then goto6b0
650 if l<0 then go8ub230: l-0: got
0610 else if l>b then go8ub230:g
OTO610
660 IF L>R THEN GO8UB200: GOTO610
670 GO8UB230: PRINT#-2, Z*"M"CHR* (
L) : RETURN
680 BO8UB250 : PR I NT«-2 , Z*"M " CHR* (
0) : RETURN
690 '
700 B*-"**4-8ET R MARB IN**": B08U
B140
710 R-B: PRINT: PRINT: PRINT" YOU MA
Y SELECT" I L| :PRINT"TO"|R| : PRINT"
COLUMNS"
720 PR I NT: PR I NT 11 HOW MANY
COLUMNS"
730 INPUT" TO THE RIBHT MARB
IN" V R»: It-Rt: BOSUB160: R-VAL <R*>
740 IF R<L THEN BOSUB210:BOTO710
ELSE IF R>B THEN 710
750 BO8UB250 : PR I NT«-2 , Z*"Q" CHR* (
R): RETURN
760 6O8UB250 : PR I NT«-2 , Z*"Q" CHR* (
0) : RETURN
770 '
780 B*-"**5-F0RM LENGTH** " : 608UB
140
790 PR I NT: PR I NT: PR I NT 11 BET FORM
BY LINES OR INCHES?"
800 PRINT: INPUT" (L OR
I>"|Q*
B10 IFQ*-"X" THEN 8OUND50,5: BOT
02180 ELSE IFQ*<>"L" THEN A-32 E
L8E A-127:CL8
820 IF A-32 THEN CL8:BO8UB140:PR
I NT: PR I NT: PR I NT 11 YOU MAY SELECT
1 TO 32 INCHES" ELBE GOTO G60
G30 PRINT: PRINT" HOW MANY
INCHES": INPUT" (WHOLE INTE
6ER)"|I*:BO8UB160
840 IF I>A THEN BO8UB230: BOTO830
ELSE IF I< 1 THEN BO8UB230: 60T0B
30
850 6O8UB250: PRINT#-2, Z*"C"CHR* (
0 ) CHR* ( I ) : RETURN
860 BO8UB140: PRINT: PRINT: PRINT"
YOU MAY SELECT 1 TO 127 LINES" :P
184 the RAINBOW June, 1983
TRS 80 COLOR COMPUTER
ADVENTURES
16K CIRCUS ADVENTURE $9.95
A child's adventure game with many songs, graphics,
and surprises. Meet all of your circus favorites while
searching for the popcorn man. Great family fun for all
ig«.
16K SCHOOLMAZE ADVENTURE 511.95
While in search of a lost computer tape, you travel in a
school and draw pictures, compose songs, play basket-
ball, and use the keyboard to travel in the hallways.
BOOK
A BYTE OF COLOR BASIC
by Steve Blyn
A work-text containing - instruction, examples,
illustrations, programs, arid many practice exercises. 3
Units - Basic, Graphics, and Sound. 24 chapters to
teach you what you need to know to begin reading,
understanding, and writing your own programs.
Answer Key included with each book. Great book for
beginners. $495
DOLLARS AND SENSE 16K Ext. $11.95
Learn to make purchases. Graphic displays of items
kids love. Player buys using dollars and coins to prac-
tice using money correctly. Solutions given.
McCOCO'SMENU 16K Ext. $11.95
America's favorite pastime — going out to eat! Learn
to buy and add up your purchases from a typical fast
food restaurant menu. Gain skill in using money. Dif-
ferent prfc« each time.
MONEYPAK 32K Ext. $22.95
2 Programs teach the use of money to purchase items
displayed and to buy from a fast food menu. Includes
play money.
ADDITION AND SUBTRACTION 16K $1 1.95
Menu driven, 2 level program provides practice in
adding or subtracting 2 digit numbers. Vertical format
for proper entry of digits in the answers. Report card
scoring.
★
NEW!!
LONG DIVISION TUTOR by Ed Guy
16K Ext. Basic $14.95
A tutorial that takes the child through all steps of the
example. Includes HELP tables, cursor aids, and
graphic aids. Input your own numbers, or let the com-
puter choose the example. Three levels of difficulty.
Great teaching program!
MULTIPLICATION TUTOR by Ed Guy
16K Ext. Basic $14.95
Similar type tutorial to the above. All carries indicated.
Teaches examples from one to three place multipliers.
DEALERS INQUIRIES INVITED
FREE set of BINARY DICE, including full directions,
with orders of 2 or more items.
Computer Island Presents
THE BEST IN
SOFTWARE FOR KIDS!
TOP SYSTEM 100
THE WIZARD NOW SPEAKS
THE TALKING WIZARD 16K Ext. $19.95
A talking version of our popular WIZARD game. This is
a child size (Eliza-Freud) type game. Input any ques-
tion and the WIZARD writes and now SPEAKS (through
the T.V. speaker) an amusing answer. Great for reading
practice or just plain fun.
voice by-Classical Cofftoutirm Inc.
LEARNING PROGRAMS
FOR HOME OR SCHOOL
FOREIGN LANGUAGE GAMES 16K or 16K Eit $11.95
NO EXTRAS NEEDED wmwvm*
Instructions are included enabling you to modify these
programs for additional vocabulary or verb practice.
Create your own future versions!!!
FRENCH BASEBALL - Score base hits or home runs
for correct answers. You're out if wrong. Correct
answers supplied. Fun way to learn and practice
vocabulary. 2 levels. 200 questions
SPANISH BASEBALL - Same game using Spanish
vocabulary words.
ITALIAN BASEBALL - Same game using Italian
vocabulary words.
PLEASE SPECIFY LANGUAGE AND VERSION
***
NEW
***
BEYOND WORDS 32K Ext. $19.95 Each
3 Part menu driven program with tutorials and grade
appropriate subtests and reviews. Over 400 questions,
800 words, modifiable.
* Beyond Words I • Grades 3-5
* Beyond Words II • Grades 6-8
* Beyond Words III • Grades 9-12
VOCABULARY BUILDERS 32K Ext. $19.95 Each
4 Part multiple choice format. 200 questions, 1000
words. User modifiable.
* Vocab. Builder I • Grades 3-5
* Vocab. Builder II • Grades 6-8
* Vocab. Builder III - Grades 9-12
On Disk
Beyond Words I and Vocab. Builder I $38.95
Beyond Words II and Vocab. Builder II $38.95
Beyond Words III and Vocab. Builder III $38.95
READING AIDS 4-Pak 16K Ext. $19.95
A 4 part menu driven program for the Elementary
school child to create his own original reading
material. Includes the 4 popular programs — POETRY,
SILLY STORIES, SILLY SENTENCES and WIZARD, now
expanded to 16K Extended Basic.
COMPUTER ISLAND
DEPT. R
227 Hampton Green
Staten Island, N.Y. 10312
GAMES
COCO-JOT by Steve Greenberg
16K Ext. $11.95
A new version of the famous Jotto word game. A guess-
ing game using your powers of reasoning and deduction.
1 or 2 player game. Different levels of play. Ages 8 to
adult. User modifiable.
NEW!!
GHOST 16K Ext
by Sherman Rosen $11.95
Color Computer version of the famous word game. 2
levels. Ages 8 to adult. Great Family Fun!
SPECIA L — CL0SEOUT of Creative Computing's never
released software for the CoCo. 2 Hi-Res machine
language, joystick controlled arcade style games.
PICNIC (escape spider, capture food), TRICKASHAY
{tank duel in a tricky maze). 1 or 2 players, multi-level.
16K Ext. Both for an incredible $1 1.95
NAME THAT SONG GAMES
16K atenderf™' "~ $9.95 each
1. 72 children's popular songs. 2 levels of difficulty.
Timer. Many hours of fun.
2. 72 all time pop, country, and movie melodies from
the last three decades.
3. 60 Broadway Show tunes to test you on past
musicals. Fun for all trivia buffs.
PRESCHOOL PACK 1 by Joseph Kolar
16K Ext. $11.95
Clown and Fish-Num: Two programs to help your child
recognize and count the words and numbers 1 • 10.
Hi-res graphics and lively songs help to attract and
keep attention.
PRESCHOOL PACK 2 by Joseph Kolar
16K Ext. $11.95
Count Kids and Add Penny: Two programs to help your
child count and add up to 10. Beautiful hi-res
graphics.
PRESCHOOL PACK 3 by Joseph Kolar
16K Ext. $11.95
Alpha-Byte: Programs designed to teach recognition
and identification of the alphabet. Attractive hi-res
graphics.
Each of the above Preschool Packs on disk - $15.95
All three Preschool Packs on disk - $38.95
MUSIC MARVEL 16K Ext. Basic $9.95
Play 2 familiar children's songs. Large graphic
displays. No reading or musical ability needed. Great
for pre schoolers. 16K version also available. Please
specify.
HEBREW BULLETIN BOARD 16K Ext. $15.95
by Joseph Kolar
A utility that will enable YOU to create Hebrew or
Hebrew/English words, flash cards, sentences,
greeting cards, etc. in Hires. Easy to learn-full
documentation. For hard copy, use your printer and
any screen print program.
(212) 948-2748
Add $1.00 S/H - N.Y. Add Proper Tax
Send for catalog of other programs
RAINBOW
CERTIFICATION
SCAl
Authors: We are seeking quality children's software for
leisure or learning. Write for details. Top royalties.
Dragon Slayers, Space Pilots, Witch
Doctors, Maze Makers, Professors
and other creative programmers.
We Want You!
ELP
WANTED
Your original Color Computer Soft-
ware program is worth money and we
want to discuss it with you. . .
Earn Top Buck!
p M3rk Data Produ c t s
24001 ALICIA PKWY., NO. 226
MISSION VIEJO, CA 92691
(714) 768-1551
■■■■
: *
COMPUTERS
Growing Company with lots o^'
Pom
expf)
Req>-
assii
kncj
13'
r
Wit'
lllu
corr,
doll|
mad
Corij
posfi
exptj
is /
If
HOW MANY LINES"!
RINT
870 INPUT"
I*:8O8UB160
BB0 IF I>A THEN QOSUB230: 6OTO870
ELSE IF KI THEN 6O8UB230: GOTO
670
690 8O8UB250: PRINT0-2, Z*"C"CHR* (
I ) : RETURN
900 '
910 B»-"**6-LN FD LEN6TH** 11 : 608U
B140
920 PRINT: PRINT: PRINT" SELECT FR
ON THE FOLLOWING LINE": PRINT" FE
ED SIZES:"
930 PRINT: PRINT" 1/6 INCH
940 PRINT" 7/72 INCH - 1
950 PRINT" 1/6 INCH * 2 <D
EFAULT)
960 PRINT" N/72 INCH - 3
970 PRINT" N/144 INCH - 4
960 PRINT: INPUT" SELECT LINE
FEED SIZE" | I*:OO8UB160: IF I<0 TH
EN 60T0 960 EL8E IF I>4 THEN 60T
0 960
990 IF 1*3 THEN GOTO 1040 ELSE I
F 1*4 THEN 1060
1000 GO8UB250: IF 1-0 THEN GOTO 1
010 ELSE IF 1-1 THEN GOTO 1020 E
L8E 60T0 1030
1010 PRINTW-2, Z»"0" : RETURN
1 020 PR I NT#-2„ Z* " 1 " : RETURN
1030 PRINT0-2, Z*"2" : RETURN
1040 BOSUB140: PRINT: PRINT: PRINT"
8ELECT N/72 INCHES"
1050 8O8UB3B0:8O8UB250:PRINT#-2,
Z*"A"CHR* < I ): RETURN
1060 GOSUB140: PRINT: PRINT: PRINT"
8ELECT N/144 INCHES"
1070 GO8UB380:GO8UB250:PRINT«-2,
Z*"3"CHR* ( I ) I RETURN
1080 '
1090 B*-"**7-H0R TAB SET**":808U
B140:H-25
1100 print:priNt:print m you na
y set up t0"|:printh|:print"tab8
M
1110 print: print" how many t
ab8 do you": input" want to
set"it»:t-val(T») : i«-t*:gosubi6
1120 IF T< 1 THEN GO8UB230:GOTO111
0 ELSE IF T>H THEN GO8UB230 : GOTO
1110
1130 FOR TT-1TOT
1140 INPUT" SET TAB -"II*
:6O8UB160: IF I>R THEN GO8UB220
ELSE IF 1-0 THEN GO8UB220 ELSE I
F 1-128 THEN 6O8UB220 ELSE 60T0
11601150 GOTOU40
1160 x»-chr«<I):y«-y»+x«:next tt
:IF HA-0 THEN GOTO 1 180
1170 QO3UB250:PRINT«-2,Z*"D" Y*
CHR»(0): RETURN
1180 eO8UB250:PRINT#-2, Z»"P" Y»
CHR*(0): RETURN
1190 '
1200 B*-"*»B-VERT TAB SET**": 60S
UB140: HA-0: H-20: 80T01 100
1210 '
1220 B*-"**9-3LA8HED ZERO**": 808
UB140
1230 print:print:print m do yo
u want slashed zero": print"
on or off?":go8ub430
1240 if 1-0 then go8ub250: print#
-2, z*"v"chr» (0) : return
1250 if ioi then goto 1220 else
6O8UB250: PRINT#-2, Zr'VCHR* ( 1 ) : R
ETURN
1260 '
1 270 B«- " ** 1 0— UNDERL I NE»* " : GOSUB
140
1260 PRINT! PRINT: PRINT" DO Y
0U WANT UNDERLINE": PRINT"
ON OR OFF?":8O8UB430
1290 IF 1-0 THEN 6O8UB250: PRINT*
-2* Z*"-"CHR* (0) : RETURN
1300 IF IOI THEN GOTO 1270 ELSE
186
the RAINBOW June, 1983
SELECTED SOFTWARE
FOR THE COLOR COMPUTER
All programs are in 1 6K machine language unless noted.
# #
# #
MARK DATA PRODUCTS
SPACE RAIDERS New Invader-type game.
Super Hi-Res Graphics and Sound. You'll love it.
ASTRO BLAST Excellent space shooting
game. Super Hi-Res Graphics and Sound.
COLOR HAYWIRE Classic arcade game,
rated A + by Color Computer magazines.
SPECTRAL ASSOCIATES
ANDROID ATTACK Excellent berserk-type
game. Comes with 1 6K and 32K. 32K version
will talk.
MS. GOBBLER (32K) Outstanding Pac Man-
type game with 4 different mazes and 1 6 skill
levels.
WHIRL YBIRD RUN Pilot a chopper over a
varying terrain while dropping bombs and firing
missiles to destroy enemy bases, ships and
missiles.
GALAX ATTAX Protect your base by
shooting alien fighter in formation. Excellent
Graphics and Sound.
SPACE RACE Maneuver yourself in space
but alien ships appear and must be destroyed.
Hi-Res Graphics and Sound.
* PLANET INVASION Excellent Defender-type
game. Highest-Res Graphics and Sound.
* DEFENSE Defend your spaceships from
enemy laser beams.
* SPACE WAR You must break through the
enemy fighters and the defenses of Death Star.
Super fast.
* * SPACE INVADERS Fast action Invader
game. Excellent Graphics and Sound.
* GHOST GOBBLER Highly rated Pac Man-
type game. 1 6 skill levels and lots of action.
KEYS OF THE WIZARD Super adventure
game! Great sound! You never play the same
twice.
TOM MIX SOFTWARE
* DONKEY KING (32K) Just Outstanding!
* KATERPILLAR Excellent Centipede-type
game. Highly rated by Color Computer
magazines!
* WAR KINGS Battle to save your castle and
king. Hi-Res Graphics with Outstanding Sound.
* PROTECTORS (32K) Excellent Graphics and
Sound.
MED SYSTEMS
INVADER'S REVENGE You are the last sur-
vived space invader. You must revenge!
PHANTOM SLAYER Enter the deadly cata-
combs and destroy the phantoms, 3-D Graphics.
INTELLECTRONICS
* DUNKEY MUNKEY (32K) Absolutely excel-
lent Donkey Kong-type game. You'll love it!
STAR F|RE One of the best Defender-type
game. Hi-Res Graphics and Sound.
INTRACOLOR
* * COLORPEDE Just like the arcade.
* ROBQTTACK j us t like the arcade.
THE PROGRAMMER'S GUILD
PACDROIDS The most challenging Pac Man-
type, Super Hi-Res Graphics and Sound.
CHROMATIC SOFTWARE
THE SPIDER Travel the channels destroying
the spiders before they get you. Super action.
Excellent Graphics and Sound.
$24.95
$24.95
$19.95
$21.95
$21.95
$21.95
$21.95
$21.95
$21.95
$21.95
$21.95
$17.95
$19.95
$19.95
* #
$24.95
$24.95
$19.95
$24.95
$19.95
$19.95
$21.95
$19.95
$29.95
$24.95
$19.95
$19.95
# #
DATA SOFT
Top Notch Games
ZAXXON (32K) Maneuver your ship through a $39.95
battlefield of state-of-the-art missiles, anti-aircraft
tanks and enemy planes. Survive all that and
you'll meet the deadly ZAXXOIM Robot!
MOON SHUTTLE Pilot your moon shuttle $34.95
through outerspace avoiding man-o-wars,
meteors, bomb launchers and expandos to meet
the prince of darkness. But watch out for his
darkest side.
$21.95
$19.95
COMPUTERWARE
* DOODLE BUG Just like ladybug in the
arcade.
THE CORNSOFT GROUP
* * FROGGER Just like the arcade.
ELITE SOFTWARE
* ZAKSUND (32K) Fly your spaceship through $24.95
enemy star bases. Avoid guided missiles, lasers
and firing turrets. Can you reach their leader?
SOFT SECTOR MARKETING
MASTER CONTROL II Comes with plastic $ 1 9.95
keyboard overlay and complete easy to
understand manual.
COLOR GRAPHIC EDITOR This program $1 9.95
permits the creation of graphic pictures on the
screen that can be sayed to disk for later use.
Requires extended BASIC or DISK BASIC.
COLOR BONANZA 50 programs on 6 $39.95
cassettes stored in an attractive package. Some
require extended BASIC.
SUGAR SOFTWARE
Extended BASIC Programs
TIMS Excellent personal database management $24.95
system.
GALACTIC-HANGMAN Top rated Hang- $ 1 4.95
man game. Can you find a better one?
NELSON SOFTWARE SYSTEMS
SUPER COLOR WRITER II Version 3.0.
64 K Compatible Tape $69.95
Rompak $89.95
SUPER COLOR TERMINAL Version 3.0.
64K Compatible Tape $49.95
Rompak $59.95
UPGRADE YOUR COLOR COMPUTER/
Complete solderless kits with easy-to-follow instructions.
4K-16K $15.95
4K-32K $49,95
1 6K-32K $34.95
64K CHIP SET
Eight 41 64-200 NS Prime ICs $54.95
Note: All ICs used in our kits are first quality
200NS Prime Chips and carry one full year warranty,
* Requires Joystick * * Joystick Optional
ORDER 2 ITEMS AND GET 1 0% OFF!
We pay postage on all orders in the United States
and Canada. Overseas please add $3.00
We accept check or money order.
U.S. funds only for foreign orders.
Send to: g ELECTED SOFTWARE
P.O. Box 32228, Fridley, MN 55421
(MN Residents add 6% sales tax.)
GOSUB250 : PR I NT#-2 , Z • " - "CHR* ( 1 ) : R
ETURN
1310 '
1320 B*-"**U-DOUBL STRIKE**": GO
SUB 140
1330 PRINT: PRINT: PRINT" DO YOU
WANT DOUBLE STRIKE": PR I NT"
ON OR OFF?" : GO8UB430
1340 IF 1-0 THEN GO8UB250:PRINT«
-2, Z*"H" : RETURN
1390 IF KM THEN GOTO 1320 ELSE
GOSUB250 : PR I NT#-2 , Z»"G": RETURN
1360 '
1370 B«- 11 ** 12- ITALIC CHARS** 11 : GO
SUB 140
1360 PRINT: PRINT: PRINT" DO YOU N
ANT ITALIC CHARACTERS": PRINT"
ON OR OFF?":GO8UB430
1390 IF 1-0 THEN GOSUB250: PRINT*
-2, Z»"5": RETURN
1400 IF IOl THEN GOTO 1370 ELSE
GO8UB250: PRINT#-2, Z»"4" : RETURN
1410 '
1420 B«-"**13-PR0P0R CHARS**": GO
3UB140
1430 PRINT: PRINT: PRINT" DO YO
U WANT PROPORTIONAL": PR I NT"
CHARACTERS ON OR OFF?" : GOSUB430
1440 IF 1-0 THEN GOSUB250: PRINT*
-2, Z*"Z"CHR*(0) : RETURN
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
* ALL PROGRAMS FOR CASSETTE & GUARANTEED TO LOAD *
POWERBYTE SOFTWAREtm
PrGS6nts
APPLICATION SOFTWARE
Business and Home
for the
TRS 80 Color Computer
•TDP-100 Computer
65 Applications Available including :
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
J THE ACCOUNTANT - General Ledger, Income
J Statement & Balance Sheet
J ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE/PAYABLE - Create
J Journal for Current Accounts & Record of Paid Accts
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
BUSINESS INVENTORY
ORDER TRACKER
MY PROFIT MARGIN
BILLING SOLVER
CASH FLOW MODEL
THE CLIENT TICKLER
INCOME & EXPENSER
BUSINESS
APPOINTMENTS
$19.95
$19.95
$16.95
$19.95
$16.95
$19.95
$1 5.95
$16.95
AT HOME INVENTORY
CHECKBOOK BOOKY
THE STOCK TICKER
TAPE
UTILITY BILL SAVER
THE BAR CHART
MOTHER'S RECIPES
THE MAILMAN
GRADE MY KIDS
$29.95
$21.95
$12.95
$12.95
$16.95
$12.95
$8.95
$12.95
$12.95
$15.95
AND MANY, MANY MORE!!
*
*
*
+
*
*
•FREE CATALOG
WITH INTRODUCTORY SPECIALS
POWERBYTE SOFTWARE
2 CHIPLEY RUN
WEST BERLIN, NJ 08091
J (609) 346-3063
f
■
*
*
*
*
1450 IF IOl THEN GO8UB1420 ELSE
QO3UB140
1460 PRINT: PRINT: PRINT" BEL
ECT 1 T0 8 SPACES": INPUT" B
ETWEEN CHARACTERS" 1 1
1470 IF Kl THEN GOTO 1460 ELSE I
F I>Q THEN GOTO 1460
14G0 GO8UB250:PRINT«-2,Z*"Z"CHR*
(I) : RETURN
1490 »
1 500 B»- " »* 1 4— 8UPERSCR I PT»» " : BOG
UB140
1510 PRINT: PRINT: PRINT" DO YO
U WANT SUPERSCRIPT": PRINT" C
HARACTER8 ON OR OFF?":GOGUB430
1520 IF 1-0 THEN GO8UB250: PRINT*
-2, Z»"T" : PRINTtt-2, Z»"H" : RETURN
1530 IF IOl THEN GOTO 1500 ELSE
GO8UB250: PRINTW-2, Z*"8"CHR* (0) : R
ETURN
1540 '
1 550 B»- " #* 1 5-8UB8CR I PT«* " : 808UB
140
1560 PRINT: PRINT: PRINT" DO Y
OU WANT SUBSCRIPT": PR I NT" CH
ARACTER8 ON OR OFF? " : GOGUB430
1570 IF 1-0 THEN QOGUB250:PRINT#
-2, Z«"T" : PRINTt-2, Z*"H" : RETURN
15G0 IF IOl THEN GOTO 1550 ELSE
GO8UB250: PRINT«-2 V Z*"8"CHR* ( 1 ) : R
ETURN
1590 '
1600 B*-"**16-10 CHARS/ IN**" :GOS
UB140
1610 GO8UB250 : PR I NT : PR I NT : PR I NT "
10 CHARACTERS PER INCH"
1620 PRINT«-2 V Z*"B"CHR» ( 1 ) : G08UB
290: RETURN
1630 IF 1-0 THEN GO8UB250: PRINT*
-2,Z*"B"CHR*(1>
1640 '
1650 B*-"**17-12 CHARS/ IN**": 008
UB140
1 660 GO8UB250 : PR I NT : PR I NT : PR I NT "
12 CHARACTERS PER INCH"
1670 PRINT#-2, Z*"B"CHR* (2) :G08UB
290: RETURN
1 6G0 B»- " ** 1 G— COMPRESSED* * " : G08U
B140
1 690 GO8UB250 : PR I NT : PR I NT : PR I NT "
COMPRESSED"
1700 PRINT«-2 V Z*"B"CHR« (3) :G08UB
290: RETURN
1710 »
1720 B»-"**19-EXPANDED*»": GOSUB1
40
1730 PRINT: PRINT: PRINT" DO Y
OU WANT EXPANDED": PRINT" CHA
RACTER8 ON OR OFF?"
1740 GO8UB430:IF 1-0 THEN G08UB2
188
the RAINBOW J une, 1 983
ORGANIZE and PROTECT your VALUABLE
software library the COLORFUL way with
ZETAPAKS tm from ZETA Computer.
Mix 'n' match your collection with these rugged-vinyl
software "safes" in a choice of 4 COLORS. Now you can
store your media TOGETHER with your instructions on the
SAME shelf with your computer books.
$3.50 EACH or
$38.95 Per DOZEN
Postpaid
—COLORS-
BEIGE
TAN
BLUE
YELLOW
HOLDS ALL TYPES OF SOFTWARE MEDIA
Besides holding a 6" x 8V2" manual up to W thick, a
ZETAPAK can hold 2 audio/digital cassettes
or 2 stringy floppy cartridges
or 2 of the new 3" micro disks
or 6 5W floppy disks
or 2 ROM cartridges (up to 7 /s" thick)
Ask you local computer dealer to stock ZETAPAKS or
ORDER DIRECT: ZETACOM Dept. RB
P.O. BOX 3522
GREENVILLE, SC 29608
•Specify how many of what color.
•Send Bank or PO Money Order for fastest service.
*COD is fast but $2 extra. "Please allow 4 weeks delivery on checks.
"Foreign: US Funds add .50 each for Air Mail. "Purchase Price of
$3.00 each ZETAPAK REFUNDABLE if returned unopened within
30 days. "SOFTWARE PUBLISHERS/DEALERS write or call for
discount schedule. ..(803) 246-1741 after 1 P.M. EST.
© TM 1 983 ZETA Computer
50: PRINT#-2, Zt"W"CHRt (0) : RETURN
1750 IF IOl THEN GOTO 1720 ELSE
QOSUB250: PRINT#-2 f Z*"W"CHR* ( 1 ) : R
ETURN
1760 '
1 770 B*- 11 **20-EMPHA8 1 ZED**" : Q03U
B140
1780 PRINT: PRINT:PRINT" DO YO
U WANT EMPHASIZED": PRINT" CH
ARACTER8 ON OR OFF?"
1790 OO3UB430:IF 1-0 THEN 008UB2
50: PRINT#-2, Z*"F" : RETURN
1800 IF IOl THEN GOTO 1770 ELSE
8OSUB250: PRINT#-2„ Z»"E" : RETURN
1810 '
1 820 B»-" **2 1 -UN I D I RECT** " : 808UB
140
1830 PRINT: PRINT: PRINT" DO YOU
WANT UNIDIRECTION": PRINT" P
RINT NODE ON OR OFF?" : 8O8UB430
1840 IF 1-0 THEN 8O8UB250 : PR I NT*
-2, Z*"U"CHR* (0) : RETURN
1850 IF IOl THEN 8OTO1820 ELSE
BO8UB250: PRINT#-2, Z*"U"CHR* ( 1 ) : R
ETURN
1860 '
1870 B*-"**22-PRNT PPR OUT**": 80
SUB 140
1880 PRINT: PRINT: PRINT" DO Y
OU WANT 'PRINT IF": PRINT" PA
PER OUT' ON OR OFF? " : BO8UB430
1890 IF 1-0 THEN 8O8UB250: PRINT*
— 2, Z*"9" : RETURN
1900 IF IOl THEN BOTO1B70 ELSE
BO8UB250 : PR I NT#-2 , Z* " 8 " : RETURN
1910 '
1920 B*-"**23-F0RM FEED** " : B08UB
140
1 930 BOSUB250 : PR I NT#-2 , CHR* (12):
8OSUB290: RETURN
1940 '
1950 B»-"**S0FTWR RESET**" : GOSUB
140
1960 PRINT: PRINT: PRINT" REIN
ITIALIZES FORMAT
1970 PRINT" TO POWER UP SETT
IN88
1 980 8O8UB250 : PR I NT#-2 , Z • " 8 " : 808
UB290: RETURN
1990 '
2000 8O3UB250:CL8:PRINT8200, "***
***********
2010 PRINT8232, "* EXIT *
2020 PRINT8264, "**************
2030 8OSUB290:8OTO2300
2040 CLS
2050 PRINT: PRINT: PRINT"
8EMINI 10/15": PRINT" PRI
10-1000 16K basic color computer $call
10-1010 16K basic/ extended basic $call
###
SPECIAL!! 32/64K EXTENDED BASIC ***
INCLUDES: COGNITEC'S TELEWRITER 64
Wordprocessor Program
TOM MIX'S "DONKEY KING" Game!!!
*#*************##**#**########**#####
TOM MIX * ANT£CO M DERRINGER
MARK DATA-* COLOHSOFT *- BOTE K
COMPOT6RWARE. * BHRTAMAX *
EPSON DOT MATRIX PRINTERS and COMPUTERS *
0KIDATA DOT MATRIX PRINTERS *■ AMDEK *
TRANSTAR LQ PRINTERS * E>K\C EGA
HAYES MICROCOMPUTER MODEMS * NEC *
FRANK HOGG LABORATORY .Sl&NALMAM. H
SPECTRAL ASSOCIATES #EC£> CASLB S »f
CITOH PRO-\rtRtT€«. PRINTERS
Emerald Computer Services
4401 219th S.W.
Mountlake Terrace, WA 98043
TOP ■ ATAftl • £PSON • MORROW-
NOTE: TDP-100 System 100
PERSONAL COMPUTERS INCLUDE:
"BUST OUT" Game Cartridge
Two Joysticks
Easy to Read Tutorial Manuals
TV/ Computer Interface Box
RS-232 INTERFACE
EXPANSIBILITY
CUSTOM KE^BOACDS AV/AK-AB*- 6 .
* VISA / MASTERCARD ACCEPTED * COD *
OVERSEAS ORDERS WELCOME ! ! !
ALLOW 2-3 WEEKS for PERSONAL CHECKS!
206-778-9826
1 90 the RAINBOW J u ne, 1 983
COPYRIGHT 19
BY BILL BOH
NTER FORMATTER"
2060 PRINT"
93"
2070 PRINT"
NE"
2080 print: print: print: input"
printer on line <y/n>"|q»
2090 if q*<>"y" goto 2040
2100 cls:gosub320:cls
2110 pr i nt0 102, "make your select
ION
2120 PR I NT0 169, "FROM THE MENU
2130 PRINT0233, "YOUR SELECTION
2140 PRINT0294, "WILL BE SENT TO
THE
2 1 50 PR I NT0364 , " PR I NTER
2160 PRINT*421,"<'X' RETURNS TO
MENU>
2170 GOSUB290
2180 '*****PRINT FORMAT MENU****
*
2190 RESTORE
2200 CLS
2210 PRINT"* * * * * FORMAT MENU
****«"
2220 FOR X-32T0416 STEP32
2230 READA* : PR I NT0X , A* : NEXTX
2240 FOR X-4BT0432 STEP32
2250 READA*: PRINT0X, A* : NEXTX
2260 PRINT: INPUT" SELECT FORMA
T NUMBER"! A
2270 IF A<1 THEN21G0 ELSE IF A>2
5THEN 21G0
22G0 ON A GOSUB480, 550,600, 700, 7
80,910, 1090, 1200, 1220, 1270, 1320,
1370, 1420, 1500, 1550, 1600, 1650, 16
80, 1720, 1770, 1820, 1870, 1920, 1950
2290 GOTO2180
2300 CLS : END
2310 DATA" 1-SKIP PERF"," 2-SET
HEADER"," 3-SET L MARGIN"," 4-SE
T R MARGIN"," 5-FORM LENGTH"," 6
-LN FD LENGTH"," 7-HOR TAB SET",
" G— VERT TAB SET"
2320 DATA" 9-8L ASHED ZERO","10-U
NDERL I NE " , " 1 1 -DOUBL STR I KE " , " 1 2-
ITALIC CHARS", "13-PR0P0R CHARS",
" 14 -SUPERSCRIPT" , " 15-SUBSCRIPT"
2330 DATA" 16-10 CHARS/ IN", "17-12
CHARS/ IN" , " 1G-COMPRESSED" , " 19-E
XPANDED " , " 20-EMPHAS I ZED" ,"21 -UN I
DIRECT"
2340 DATA" 22— PRNT PPR 0UT","23-F
ORM FEED","24-S0FTWR RESET", "25-
EXIT PROGRAM","
NEW
KODOMO-NO-GO
Get 5 in a row before your opponent. 19x19 playing
matrix. This is the favorite relaxation gamef or Japanese Go
players. Two-player version and 4 computer skill levels for
one player: also Tic-Tac-Toe on the same tape.
$1 9.95 32K Ext. Basic cassette only.
$14.95 1 6K Ext. Basic. Three skill levels plus Tic-Tac-Toe.
$ 8.95 16K Ext. Basic Tic-Tac-Toe only.
ALSO CO-EXISTENCE
Successfully develop your country in a resource-limited
world. Form a world government, sign treaties, go to war:
anything goes. This is a two - to six - player game which
combines computer and board play (board and pieces
provided).
$24.95 16K Ext. Basic cassette only.
AND 5 EXCITING GAMES
Be a Cosmic Trash Collector, fight a mighty space battle, or
surround your opponent in Trap'em — all this and more on
one tape. The RAINBOW says, "Great fare for the family
with young children."
$1 5.95 1 6K Ext. Basic cassette.
i
T ~
•a-
^
-4
■44-
i
|_
i i
RAINBOW
CCRTIFICATION
SEAL
P. 0. Box VOI 6
Cherry Hill, NJ 0803V
June, 1983 the RAINBOW 191
CoCoDATA Enterprises
1215 Emeralda Drive • Orlando, Florida 32808
Color Computet 16K
EXKNKO BASIC
"Low Cost, High Quality Software"
Color Computer Weekly, March 1 1 , 1983
"Satisfaction guaranteed or your money back!"
***** The Product Line *****
GRAPHICS PROGRAM
GENERATOR I $11.95 ~
Let your CoCo write "Syntax perfect" graphics programs for you!
Boxes, circles, arcs, ellipses, paint, and lines can all be created
while viewing the graphics screen using the arrow keys and a
few one-key commands. Use either of four color sets in PMODE3.
Extra features like "erase", "check remaining strings space" and
optional grid marker pixels. When your graphics are complete,
GPG I will write a unique program to tape to duplicate the picture
you've created. This generated program can be edited, added to,
or merged like any other! Manual details operation.
RAINBOW
CCATIflCATION
«E«l
GRAPHICS PROGRAM
GENERATOR II $16.95
All the features of GPG I plus characters with a self loading
machine language module! Includes a binary screen save feature
to reproduce your graphics with text in a later program. Manual
includes Assembly Language source listing.
ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION BA1NBOW
MONITOR $10.95 "™
Utilize your CoCo to reduce your electric bill! Both text and
graphic presentations are used to show consumption in either
dollars or KWH. Extra features include bill projection anytime
during month c and 20day trend analysis. If you can't measure it,
you can't manage It! Sixteen page manual includes listing and
forms to record data. Printer is NOT required.
HOUSEHOLD BUDGET rainbow
WORKSHEET $ 6.95 <"»"""•
Produces an up-dated monthly financial worksheet without files,
yet contractual loans are automatically up-dated with new
balances and months remaining. Budget categories and variable
expenses user defined. Includes provisions for variable income
like commissions, one time expenses and/or income. Excellent
manual includes listing, examples, form to list data. Works with
any printer. ^
LLIST-RITE $ 5.95
Complex, non-commented programs are much easier to follow
after using this listing utility! Multiple statements and IF. . .
THEN. . .ELSE statements are logically separated, line numbers
are set apart from text, page boundries are observed. Works
with any printer; complete, easy to understand instruction sheet
included.
MATCH 2! $7.95
Our version of concentration. Play against the computer at
different skill levels or select two player option. Some unexpect-
ed surprises add more fun, should sharpen memory skills.
*******************
Each program ordered must include 75$ for Shipping and
Handling.
Software mevim
Four-Part Composing
With The Composer
The Color Computer by itself with either Color BASIC or
Extended Color BASIC allows the sounding of only single
melodic lines. This is a very limiting condition for those of us
who are interested in pursuing musical applications of com-
puters. Our musical system contains harmonic as well as
melodic elements and, therefore, to fully explore musical
applications of computers, harmony as well as melody needs
to be considered.
Our CoCo is now receiving good software support in this
area. The Composer by Speech Systems enables one to write
up to four-part harmony for playback by the Color Compu-
ter. The program comes with a well-written, 13-page man-
ual. (You do not need to read the whole manual to make
good use of the program.) The manual also contains a handy
reference chart as an aid to preparing music and nine addi-
tional pages of musical examples (in DATA statements).
Included are such favorites as King of the Road, Bio win in
the Wind, Battle Hymn of the Republic, and Mexican Hat
Dance, Some time and effort will be needed to key in the
above examples, but if one of these songs is a favorite the
time spent could well be worth it.
The program comes in two versions (tape and disk). The
tape version requires a minimum of 16 K and disk a min-
imum of 32K. Both require Extended Color BASIC and
include the musical selection Raindrops Keep Falling
already keyed into the necessary DATA statements. So,
before getting too involved in the manual, you can set up
some background music for your reading enjoyment. But be
patient, the DATA statements must be compiled (by the
program) into a machine language program before playing.
This process takes approximately three minutes. I found the
wait worthwhile in order to hear four-part harmony being
produced by my CoCo.
The disk version contains an extra program called
JUKEBOX. Contained within this program is the above
song (Raindrops) and a version of The Exodus already
compiled and ready to play. Also included are examples of a
few sound effects (a phaser, a train, and a plane).
Listening to the above is possible with no musical or
programming knowledge. Just follow the directions exactly
as stated in the manual. It is helpful to be able to interpret
and understand use of basic music notation in order to use
the "Preparing Music" part of the manual. The main
requirements are knowing note-length values and pitch
names on the grand staff. Along with this, your greatest
asset is a creative musical imagination. A great feature of
192 the RAINBOW June, 1983
" TRS-80 COLOR COMPUTER PRODUCTS "
" THE 1248-EP EPROM PROGRAMMER "
The 1 248-EP EPROM PROGRAMMER is a full function unit that is
compatible with virtually all popular 1 K, 2K, 4K & 8K -by-8, 24 pin, 5
volt EPROMS. Compatible devices are 2508's, 2758 -O/1's,
251 B's, 271 B's, 2532's, 68732-0/1 's, 68764's, and 68766's.
Components 2732, 2732A, 2564, and 2764 are compatible via
adapters (not supplied). The programmer is totally menu driven by
resident position independent firmware in EPROM, which makes it
suitable for experienced computer operators and novices alike.
Select the device type to be programmedfrom the device menu.
Next, select the function to be performed from the function menu.
On your command the 1248-EP will verify EPROM erasure, com-
pare EPROM contents to specified contents of RAM or ROM,
program blocks or individual bytes of EPROM memory or copy an
EPROM's contents to user specified RAM.
The 1248-EP plugs into the cartridge slot of the Color Computer
and is invoked by the user with the "EXEC & HCOOD" BASIC com-
mand. The 1 248-EP contains its own on-board programming power
supply, and has a quality "Zero Insertion Force" socket.
The combination of the TRS-80 Jgolor Computer , an editor/as-
sembler/monitor such as the Micro Works SDSBOC-JHr and the
1248-EP EPROM programmer, makes a high performance, cost
effective software development station for MC-6800/6809
microprocessor based systems. Use the system to storeyour own
games or utility programs in EPROM's for execution from the cart-
ridge slot using the CK4 PROM/RAM card described below.
The cost of the 1248-EP EPROM PROGRAMMER, instructions
and adapter diagrams is just $99.95.
" THE CK4 PROM/ROM CARD "
The CK4 works with 2K.4K or 8K-by-8 ROM's or EPROM'sof the 5
volt only variety in 24 pin packages. In addition, the CK4 may be used
with 4 static RAM's such as 61 16's to expand the computers
memory work space by 8192 bytes. Each of the four on-board soc-
kets can be decoded to any 2K block of the memory map from
SCOOO through SF800 of the Color Computer. In addition, each
socket can be configured to respond to address blocks from 2K to
8K bytes in length, thus accommodating 2K, 4K or 8K-by-8 ROM's,
EPROM's or RAM's. ROM and RAM can be mixed on the card as
well. RAM, on thecard.can be written to and then "write protected"
via dip switches on the CK4 to emulate ROM.
The instructions include information on how to set up the socket
decoding circuitry and how to provide battery backup for programs
stored in CMOS static RAM on the CK4 with the computer off or
the cartridge removed.
The popular CK4 PROM/RAM card is now available in three
versions.
1) The full featured CK4 remains the standard of cartridge board
flexibility with the added capability of providing battery backup for
CMOS static RAM's such as 61 1 B's. Cost of the CK4 is still just
$29.95.
2) The CK4-1 is a ROM only version of the CK4 card for use with
CoCo's with later than "E series" circuit boards. These later ver-
sions of CoCo are not able to write to cartridge based RAM without
modification. Cost is $27.95 for the CK4-1.
3) The CK4-2 is the unpopulated CK4 series circuit board only. Buy
this version of the CK4 and configure them to meet your specific
requirements at a price designed to stretch your dollars value. Cost
is $15.95 each.
" MORSE EMC ODER /DECODER KIT "
The MEDK80 Morse En/Decoder Kit consists of a machine code
software driver on tape, a schematic diagram of the interface cir-
cuitry, component parts, a printed circuit board (PCB), packaging
suggestions and complete instructions for building a Morse code
transmission and reception system that is compatible with 4K
RAM and up models of the TRS-BQ-Color Computer .
The transmitter/receiver interface circuitry is totally optically
isolated and is, therefore, compatible with all receivers and trans-
mitters. Transmitter and receiver both connect to the interface
unit and to the Color Computer via the RS-232 port.
The MEDK80 Morse En/Decoder kit operates at speeds up to 70
words per minute and automatically adapts to speed variations of
the sender. When transmitting, words are transmitted only when
fully formed, i.e., followed by a space, and the transmit text buffer
gives visual notification to the operator of what word/ character is
currently being sent. In addition, the text buffer is 512 characters
deep, which is sufficiently large to keep up with the best of "rag-
chewers".
Potential purchasers of this product should have previous kit
building experience. However, this is not a kit of great complexity,
and is well within the abilities of those actively involved in amateur
radio or electronic hobbies to construct. To reduce the chance of
wiring errors, component placement is indicated on the PCB and
detailed assembly instructions are included.
The cost of the MEDK80 software, parts, and instructions is
$39.95.
" COCO" GETS A BREADBOARD
The COCO BREADBOARD is a circuit board thatplugsdirectly into
the cartridge slot of the Color Computer and provides theuser with
1 6 square inches of predrilled breadboarding area for circuit de-
velopment, interfacing experiments, motherboard implementation,
or whatever your imagination conjures up. The plated thru holes in
the breadboard are wirewrap pin compatible and on 0.10 inch
centers.
The COCO BREAD BOARD brings all of the data, address, and con-
trol signals available at the cartridge slot outside of the body of the
computer and the signal lines are appropriately labeled to facilitate
error free wiring of breadboards. A ground plane is provided on the
top side of the board and solder pads are provided on the bottom of
the board, thus facilitating circuit grounding and point-to-point
wiring. In short, the COCO BREADBOARD was designed with the
experimenter in mind.
The COCO BREADBOARD is attractively priced to justify its use
for even the lowest budget projects. It is an ideal vehicleforlearning
interfacing techniques. Buy extras to have on hand for those rainy
weekends.
The COCO BREADBOARD costs just $1 9.95. Price for two (2) or
more is $1 6.95 each.
FACTORY FRESH COMPONENTS :
JTEM
2716 EPROM
2532 EPROM
6821 P
74LS156
Socket
DESCRIPTION
2K by 8 Bit, 350 ns
4K by 8 bit, 350 ns
P.I.A.
Open collector decoder
ZIF, 24 pin, Aries
PRICE
$4.50 ea.
$6.50 ea.
$3.50 ea.
$1.70 ea.
$7.95 ea.
Minimum component order: $25.00
Add $3.00 to all orders to cover shipping and handling. Allow two
weeks for personal checks. Canadian residents add 5°/o to cover
special handling. Arizona residents add 4°/o sales tax. Sorry! No
charges accepted. All items shipped UPS.
Make checks payable to:
COMPUTER ACCESSORIES OF ARIZONA
5801 E. VOLTAIRE DRIVE
SCOTTSDALE, ARIZONA 85254
(602) 996-7569
TRS-80 is a trademark of TANDY CORP.
■W-H- S0S80C is a trademark of the MICRO WORKS.
Prices subject to change without notice.
this program is that you do not need to be a skillful per-
former in order to enjoy the results of your efforts.
Music is prepared for playing by adding DATA state-
ments to the main program as follows:
3010 DATA R1R1R1C2Q
3020 DATA C5G4E4C2H
Each statement above represents a group of four voices and
a note length. In the first statement shqwn the Rls stand for
rests and C2 as C directly below the bass clef. The Q indi-
cates that the group will be sounded as a quarter note. In this
statement a single note will be played, as three notes are
indicated as rests. The second statement will sound a C
major chord. The letters stand for pitch names and numbers
for octave placement. The H stands for a half note. Inclusion
of sharps and flats, and a variety of note lengths are possible.
The manual contains an easy to use chart showing the
appropriate symbols and numbers for keying in of pitches
and lengths. Key and tempo variations may also be keyed in.
Contained in the manual are a number of examples illustrat-
ing various possibilities. Up to 230 four-voice chords are
possible with a 16K CoCo and 720 for 32K.
After DATA statements are prepared, your music must
be compiled into a machine level program before playing is
possible. This is done automatically through the program's
main menu and takes approximately one second for each
group of four voices. An excellent feature available is that,
once compiled, the prepared music may be saved as a self-
contained program for instant playback. This feature also
allows the music to be incorporated into other programs.
Do not expect the sound produced to match the quality of
your component hi-fi system. This is not the fault of the
program being reviewed, though. In order to produce
sound, the CoCo uses a digital-to-analog converter (DAC)
to convert number values to varying voltage levels. This
results in a stepped waveform driving the speaker being
used. The Color Computer contains a six-bit DAC which
allows a maximum of 64 step levels in a 5-volt range. An
eight-bit DAC would allow a maximum of 256 steps in the
same 5-volt range resulting in a much better quality sound.
A musician seriously interested in musical applications of
computers requires a minimum of an eight-bit DAC for
acceptable sound quality. Hopefully, the rumored new
Color Computer will have an upgraded digital to analog
converter.
Other features of The Composer include editing aids,
recording sounds directly to tape, and addition of low reso-
lution random graphics. There are some capabilities such as
loudness and softness control, and tone color controls which
I would have liked to have seen. However, these features
would normally be found only on a more expensive pro-
gram. In fact, similar programs to this program for other
computers generally cost much more and often require addi-
tional hardware expenses. Again our CoCo comes vhrough
by demonstrating an amazing versatility f or a low cost. This
program is well worth the price and if you have disk drive
and 32K, definitely do spend the little extra for the disk
version.
(Speech Systems, 38W255 Deerpath Road, Batavia, IL
60510, $24.95 on tape or $29.95 for disk)
— Larry Konecky
inal FLEX for Color Computers
* Upgrade to 64K
* RS to FLEX, FLEX to RS file transfer ability
* Create your own character set
* Automatic recognition of single or double density and single or
doubled sided
* All features available for either single or multiple drive systems
* Settable Disk Drive Seek Rates
* Faster High Resolution Video Display with 5 different formats
* Save RS Basic from RAM to Disk
* Move RS Basic to RAM
* Load and save function on FLEX disk
* 13 Support Commands 8 with Source Text
Languages Available
Pascal, Fortran, RS Basic, RS Assembler, TSC Basic, TSC Assemb-
ler, Relocating Assembler, Macro Assembler, Mumps
If you are tired of playing games on your TRS-80C" Color Computer, or find that you are
handicapped by the limitations of the RS BASIC in trying to write a Program that will allow you to
actually USE the Color Computer as a COMPUTER, YOU ARE READY TO MOVE UP TO THE
FLEX9 " Operating System. If you want to have REAL PROGRAMMING POWER, using an
Extremely Powerful Business BASIC, PASCALS, C Compilers, a full-blown Macro Assembler
with a Library capability so you are not continuously "reinventing the wheel ", YOU ARE READY
TO MOVE UP TO THE FLEX9 v Operating System. If you would like to see if YOU REALLY
COULD USE A COMPUTER IN YOUR BUSINESS, or begin to make your Computer start
PAYING IT S OWN WAY by doing some Computer Work for the millions of small businesses
around you, such as Wordprocessing, Payroll, Accounting, Inventory, etc., then YOU ARE
READY TO MOVE UP TO THE FLEX9" Operating System. How?? DATA-COMP has the way!
DATA-COMP's FLEX9 '" Conversion for the TRS-80C" Color Computer was designed forthe
SERIOUS .COMPUTER USER; with features like greatly increased Display Screens, WITH
Lower Case Letters, so you can put a FULL Menu on ONE Screen, or see SEVERAL Para-
graphs at the same time; with features like providing a FULL Keyboard so you have FULL
Control of your Computer AND it's Programs NATURALLY, without needing a chart to see what
Key Combination will give you what function; with USER ORIENTED functions to make using
the Operating System natural, like having the Computer AUTOMATICALLY determine what
type of Disk is being used in what type of Disk Drive and working accordingly, rather that you
have to specify each and every thing for it, or like having the Computer work with the Printer you
have been using all along without you having to tell the new Operating System what is there; etc.,
etc., etc.
DATA-COMP has everything you need to make your TRS-80C v Color Computer WORK
for YOU; from Parts and Pieces to Full, Ready To Use SYSTEMS. DATA-COMP designs,
sells, services, and SUPPORTS Computer SYSTEMS, not just Software. CALL DATA-
COMP TODAY to make your Computer WORK FOR YOU!
System Reguirements
FLEX9 Special General Version x/Editor & Assembler (which normally sell for $50.00
ea.) $150.00
F-MATE(RS) FLEX9 Conversion Rout, for the RS Disk Controller
when purchased with Special General FLEX9 Sys. $69 95
when purchased without the General FLEX9 Sys. $79.95
Set of Eight 64K RAM Chips w/Mod. Instructions $39 96
Color Computer with 64K RAM and EXT. BASIC $499 95
Color Computer with 16 K RAM $239 95
Color Computer with 16K RAM and EXT. BASIC $389 95
SPECIAL SYSTEM PACKAGES
64K Radio Shack COLOR COMPUTER, Radio Shack COLOR DISK CONTROLLER, a Disk
Drive System, Special General Version of FLEX9 \ F-MATE(RS) " and a Box of 10
Double Density Diskettes; a COMPLETE, ready to run SYSTEM on your Color TV Set.
$1249.95
DISK DRIVE PACKAGES, etc.
These Packages include the Radio Shack Disk Controller. Disk Drives with Power Supply and
Cabinet, and Disk Drive Gable:
PAK #1 — 1 Single Sided, Double Density Sys. $499.95
PAK #2 — 2 Single Sided, Double Density Sys. $769.95
PAK #3 — 1 Double Sided. Double Density Sys. $599.95
PAK #4^2 Double Sided, Double Density Sys. $949.95
PAK #5 — 2 Qume Thinline Double Sided Double Density Sys. $764.95
PARTS AND PIECES
Radio Shack Disk Controller
1 Tandon Single Sided, Double Density Disk Drive
1 Tandon Double Sided, Double Density Disk Drive
1 Qume Thinline Double Sided, Double Density
Single Drive Cabinet with Power Supply
Double Drive Cabinet with Power Supply
Single Drive Disk Cable for RS Controller
Double Drive Disk Cable for RS Controller
Micro Tech. Prods.. Inc. LOWER CASE ROM Adapter
Radio Shack BASIC Version 1.1 ROM
Radio Shack Extended Basic ROM
S179 95
$249.95
$349 95
S279 95
$89.95
$109.95
S24.95
$34.95
$74.95
$34.95
S69.9S
194
DATA-COMP
the RAINBOW June, 1983
P.O. Box 794 HIXSON, TN 37343
1-615-842-4601
Software R&vtew '^M^mM. M mm Software Rev&w
Adding With Carry
Gets Positive Response
When personal computers first appeared, they seemed to
have the potential to revolutionize education. That hasn't
happened yet, but many good educational programs have
appeared. Carry, from B5 Software, is among them.
Carry gives practice in addition in which carrying, or
regrouping, is required. There are four levels of difficulty.
The easiest gives two-digit numbers to add with no carrying
required, and the hardest gives three-digit numbers with
carrying. The problem is displayed in large numbers that are
easy for small children to read. You enter the answers from
right to left, just as you would on paper. When a carry is
required, pressing the 'C key draws a box above the prob-
lem, in the right place for the carry to be entered. You then
type the 1 T to be carried, and add the next column. Typing in
the carry is optional, by the way; you may just carry
mentally.
Af ter each correct answer, a happy face appears at the top
of the screen. If any wrong number is entered, a sad face
appears, and a low tone is sounded — and the incorrect
answer does not appear on the screen. When the correct
answer is finally entered, the sad f ace disappears. Af ter each
set of ten problems, a little "pac-face" chomps across the
screen and eats a numeral.
The program is very carefully and professionally done.
Graphics and sound are used effectively throughout, and
help hold the child's interest. The program comes with a
well-prepared, 12-page booklet, which describes the opera-
tion of the program, and give some useful tips on helping
your child learn addition.
The program is designed for children in grades two
through four. My six-year old son enjoyed the program, and
played it several afternoons, in preference to watching TV!
When I asked his advice about this review, he said, "Tell'em
it's a good program." It is a good program.
(B5 Software, 1024 Bainbridge Place, Columbus, OH 43228,
$19.95, 16K)
—David Finkel
Soooper Pac —
Super Program
Soooper Pac is a pac-maze game to use with your TRS-
80C or TDP-100 systems. It takes 16K non-extended
BASIC.
When loading Soooper Pac, you first load in a small
BASIC program. This program clears enough memory
space for the game and automatically loads the machine
language program which is the game. The game then starts
automatically.
The main object, as in most other similar games, is to get
as many points as possible.
You have several game options such as: which mazes you
want (1, 2, or 3), what skill level you want for each maze
(with the exception of the first), the choice of using joysticks
or your keyboard to control the Soooper Pac. You can also
control how often the monsters change their pattern of
attack, the speed of all moving objects (1-6), and how long
you have to eat the monsters after eating one of the large
objects in the corners of each maze. There are a total of 30
skill levels.
If you are skillful enough to master two mazes, you will
get to see an intermission in which a monster chases a
Soooper Pac across the screen which is very much like the
arcade game. Then play will resume.
The three-page instruction booklet is rather skimpy in
explaining the game, as it just gives the facts on it. I was
really disappointed in this, because someone could buy the
program and never understand it.
The graphics were similar to the arcade game and the
sound effects were good, too.
Despite the instruction booklet, I think the game is good
and I recommend it for your software library.
Good luck with Soooper Pac.
(Bear Bones Software, Inc., G-3117 Corunna Road, Suite
108, Flint, MI 48504, $21.95 for cassette)
—Wayne Shepherd
AUDIO AND VIDEO
INTERFACE
Provides SWITCHED color or monochrome 75ohm, 1 volt p-p video from CoCo.
If you wish to use a high resolution monitor this interface is a must.
Separate enhancements are provided for color and monchrome outputs.
This is not a simple emitter-follower add-on.
'UNIT DOES NOT REQUIRE SOLDERING
'INTERFACE IS ASSEMBLED AND TESTED
MOOmw AUDIO @ 8 ohms
*TWO YEAR WARRANTY
Price $49.95 (Includes Shipping) FREELAND ENG. 7503 N. Kerby, Portland, OR 97217
June, 1 983 the RAINBOW 1 95
EDUCATION
Peripherals For The Color
Computer Joystick Dilema'
By David M acali
Rainbow Education Writer
In our never-ending search to find quality equipment for
the Color Computer we believe we have found the best
joysticks available.
Equipment purchased for use in schools must meet the
demand of constant use. We have found what we believe to
be the best joysticks available for the Color Computer: the
Wico Command Control Joystick system. Wico Corpora-
tion is the largest designer and manufacturer of control
devices for commerical arcade games. Wico has now deve-
loped the command control system for use in schools and
with home color computers. Owners can enjoy all the excit-
ment, challenge and durability found only at the arcade until
now.
Wico has developed three joysticks, a trackball and a
Color Computer adapter. The three joystick models are
Joystick 15-9714, Joystick Deluxe 15-9708, and Famous
Red Ball Joystick 15-9730.
These joysticks are designed for superior control, pin-
^3 EpH 1^5^
49 BROOKLAND AVE
AURORA ONTARIO
CANADA L4G 2H6
R" AM II Y GAMES
For 16K AND 32K COLOR COMPUTER
STQCKBPQKER -Ud to 6 players can play the stock
market.For 16K or 32K ECB.The 32K is in High-Res
Grahicst CQLQRMIND -Up to 4 players challenge for
hiddencolorsi CRIBBAGE -For 2 or 4 players.In
High-Res GraphicsKfor 32K),CONCEN-Challenge the
computer or a friend to a good oY game of
concentrationiREMREM -Challenge your friends. Who
can remember the longest color sequence?
BATTLE-Will you get bombed before you can find
all the ships? An extremely entertaining game for
the family.
ALL GAMES ONLY $20.00 OR ANY TWO FOR $35.00
ALSO FROM AURORA SOFTWARE
MR. COPY- A quality copier written in M.L.that
will make backup tape copies.MR.COPY is capable of
making up to 99 copies in one loading! $25.00
I HOMDISK- If you have a modified 32K C.C. machine
$20.00 ROMDISK will allow you to load your R.S.Roni
Pack* from a disk! $20,00
point firing accuracy and durability. In addition, Wico joy-
sticks are backed by a one-year limited warranty.
Each command control joystick has two fire button loca-
tions; one at the top of the stick and the other on the base.
Fire buttons are activated by a base-mounted switch. A long
five-foot cord is standard for the joystick but extension
cords are also available in six- or 12-foot lengths.
The handles on the regular and deluxe model are extra-
long arcade-style that allow for smooth movement into all
eight standard positions. The red-ball model is designed like
the arcade-type joystick. All joysticks are made with a
heavy-duty plastic base. A feature which we found to be
beneficial is the use of rubber stops on the bottom corners.
This eliminates the problem of sliding and falling joysticks.
The Command Control Trackball features a phenolic ball
that enables 360° movement with an infinite number of
positions. The Color Computer trackball seems only to lack
quality programs. If anyone is aware of any exciting pro-
grams what would work well with a trackball, please write:
David Macali, 3269 Driftwood, Nortown, Ohio 44203.
The adapter necesary to connect the joysticks to the Color
Computer has a unique feature. All Wico adapters are fac-
tory adjusted to a center point of thirty-one. However, the
Wico adapter can be readjusted to accommodate variations
in computer hardware. This is accomplished by typing in a
simple ten-line program and opening the adapter to locate
the four trimpots. Pictures and directions to complete this
procedure are simple, concise and included with the manual.
We highly recommend the use of the Wico Command
Controls for educational or home use. They have passed all
of our tests with excellent ratings. In fact, we have found
only two minor concerns.
First, it would be beneficial is Wico supplied a method to
hook the adapter to the computer table. (We've found that
masking tape alleviates the problem.)
The second concern exists because the Wico System(s) are
of the switch-type and give only directional readings. This
means they work with software that uses direction only. The
joysticks will not work with programs that require joysticks
which look for screen position. This limitation has caused us
difficulty only in accessing Math Bingo. However, Wico has
assured us that they are developing a potentionmitor joy-
stick that is to be released this spring.
The potentiomitor joystick should alleviate the software
problem, and if the quality of their new command control
joysticks are equal to current models, we believe they will be
the finest available.
(Mr. Macali is coordinator of instructional services
with Norton City Schools, Norton, Ohio.)
1 96 the RAINBOW June, 1 983
Your largest single source of programs and products for the COLOR COMPUTER / TDP 100
MODEM MADNESS:
Save $50 on a U.S. Robotics Micro Link 300 modem.
Rugged aluminum housing. Direct connect, with LEDs and
self-test.
List $1 79 — SALE $1 29
64K TDP
SYSTEM 1 0O
LIFE
IN THE FAST LANE!
PROGRAMMER'S 3-PAK
SKYLINE
64K Memory
Upgrade Kits
Extended Color BASIC
Tandy System 100 computer!
Full factory pack, with joysticks
and manuals —
$419.00!!
Or with MARK DATA
Super-Pro Keyboard
installed —
$495.00!!
□ We are dealers for:
□ AMDEK
□ B5
□ CHROMATIC
SOFTWARE
□ COGNITEC
□ CONSOLINK
□ COMPUTERWARE
□ CORNSOFT
□ CUSTOM SOFTWARE
ENGINEERING
□ DATASOFT
□ DYNACALC
□ EIGEN SYSTEMS
□ FRANK HOGG
LABORATORY
□ HAYES
□ INTRACOLOR
COMMUNICATIONS
□ MARK DATA
PRODUCTS
□ MICRO TECHNICAL
PRODUCTS
MICRO WORKS
BASIC AID (Eigen Systems)
Use it once, and you will never be without
it! A real time saver. Takes the drudgery
out of BASIC programming with its 2 key
command entry and user-definable keys.
Auto line numbering and moves.
STRIPPER (Eigen Systems)
Take the fat out of your programs. Spaces
and REMarks are removed to let your new
or existing programs run fast,
QUICKSORT (Skyline)
A machine language sort routine that can
be easily used in your programs. BASIC
sorts that take hours can be done in
seconds with QUICKSORT.
Buy BASIC AID and STRIPPER
for $42.90, and get QUICKSORT
(a $12.95 value) FREE! Act Now!
□ NEC
□ PEACOCK
ENTERPRISES
□ PRICKLY PEAR
SOFTWARE
□ THE PROGRAMMER S
GUILD
□ SKYLINE SOFTWARE
□ SOFTCORE
SOFTWARE
□ SOFTWRIDE
□ SPECTRAL
ASSOCIATES
□ SPEECH SYSTEMS
□ STAR MICRONICS
□ SUGAR SOFTWARE
□ TDP ELECTRONICS
□ TRANS TEK
□ TOM MIX
□ U.S. ROBOTICS
□ VERBATIM
□ YORK
□ ETC., ETC....
8 guaranteed 64K memory chips, solder-
less installation instructions, Skyline's 64K
BOOT and PAGER programs (a $20
value).
All for the super-low price of
$49.00!
Order yours today!
ORDERING
INFORMATION
ALL ITEMS SHIPPED
FROM STOCK
Phone orders
may be placed at:
(312) 260-0929
(Our voice line),
or with your
computer at:
(312) 260-0640
(Our MODEM line)
Mail orders
and requests for catalogs
should be sent to:
SOFT CITY
442 Sunnyside
Wheaton, II
60187
VISA
,/••' X "\
MaitwCard ■
.x.
GRAPHICS
Print It Bigger
This Character Graphics
Your Printer Into
By Richard A. White
Rainbow Contributing Editor
Signs began as a set of letters done in DRA FFcommands.
It was an interesting challenge. But when the letters
were done at the first cut level, and some code to put
them on the graphics screen had demonstrated that the
system worked, I moved on to other things. David Steyer's
article on "Non-graphic Printer Graphics" in the Sep-
tember, 1982 Rainbow caught my interest. This program
could print the letters from the P MODE 3 screen, but the
results weren't what I wanted. Basically, David had his
program start at the right side of the screen and, using
PPOINT, looked at each pixel to see what it was set. The set
value was then converted to a printer character like "* ," "$,"
"." or a space and added to a string. When the proper string
length was reached, the string was set to the printer and the
process repeated one line of pixels to the left until the entire
screen had been transfered. (Steyer's Banner and Sign were
featured in the January, 1983 Rainbow. White's Signs pro-
duces an in-between sign.)
PMODE 3 is 128 pixels across so the picture covers
almost two I I-inch sheets. It takes three such sheet pairs to
handle the full screen vertically. The sheets can be taped or
glued together to form a sign or poster. If PMODE 4 had
been tried, the full width would have been over 40 inches.
But, just a minute. My line printer VIII supports half line
feeds as do some others. In PMODE 4, at half line feeds, a
sweep across the screen can be done on the two sheets of
paper. One routine in Signs does just this.
I was talking about this to Lonnie Falk and he mentioned
that he would like to print large letters on an %Vi x 1 1 f or title
and cover sheets. Here was another good idea, right up there
with the Bird Wash. It is implemented using condensed type
and half linefeeds. Unfortunately, when all is done, a 32K
machine is needed. If you only have 1 6K, check the ads and
get more memory. Signs also needs a printer that supports
half line feed or its equivalent.
On RUN, Signs is initialized and goes to the main menu
where options to start a new screen, return to the old screen,
go to the printer, load from tape and save to tape are offered.
A ">" points to START NEW SCREEN. After a RUN,
there is no old screen and there is nothing to print, but you
may have a file on tape. You may load a picture or diagram
made by another program with the GRAPHICS SCREEN
ONLY choice or load a Signs generated file with GRA-
PHICS SCREEN & TEXT. The characters for each line
that Signs puts on the screen are saved in a string which is
read to obtain cursor position inf ormation. The strings need
to be saved and read in if the screen is to be edited later. If
you are saving the screens to be part of a series of screens for
say, a presentation, you would want to save only the graph-
ics onto the presentation tape, though both files might be
saved on another tape for later reference. In any case, make
your choice by using the up and down arrows to move the
">" next to the option you want and press ENTER.
When you select START NEW SCREEN, you will be
asked letter scale for the first line. The IX letters will be
about % inch tall on the printed sheet and the others scaled
as indicated. All letters on a single line must be the same
scale, but each line can be scaled to your choice. You choose
the same way as on the MAIN MENU, move the ">"and hit
ENTER. After choosing the scale, you are asked if you want
a 22 INCH WIDE SIGN or an 8!/ 2 x 1 1 SHEET. The 22-inch
choice uses the whole screen. The area available for the Wi x
1 1 is more limited.
You are now presented a bordered screen with a single
pixel flashing cursor in the upper left. This always marks the
upper left corner of the next letter. The space bar moves the
cursor right and ENTER moves it down. The left and right
arrows move the cursor over previously entered letters. The
up arrow moves the cursor to previous lines while ENTER
moves it back down. Whenever you move the cursor to a
new line for the first time, you have the option to change
scale. If you choose not to change scales by either typing
letters, spaces or ENTER to move down again, the scale of
the previous line is used and can no longer be changed for
that line.
To change scale, press shift and the up-arrow. This sends
198 the RAINBOW June, 1983
Than You Can
Print Program Can Turn
A Sign Maker
you to a menu that offers MAIN MENU, PRINT SIGN and
CHOOSE NEW SCALE if this is allowed. If you choose a
scale, even the current one, you are returned to the graphics
screen.
Letters are entered by typing at a modest rate. A skilled
typist can out-type the code, particularly at the larger scales.
There are some tick marks along the borders to help you
format your sign. The top and bottom marks are placed
every 10 pixels across. The tick marks on the side show the
bottom of the first and second sheets when printing 22
inches wide. There are three letter widths with 7, /, /, i, :, ;,
and . in the narrow category. W, M, and & are extra
wide. The rest are the same mid-size.
Editing is done by erasing the line from the cursor point to
its right end. Position the cursor at the beginning of the
portion you want to delete and press the "@" key.
When you are ready to print results, use the shift and
up-arrow and choose PRINT SIGN. The Print Routines
menu tells you the current computer baud rate setting. If you
choose RESET BAUD RATE and press ENTER you will
be asked to enter the baud rate wanted. You may choose
300, 600, 1200, 2400, and 4800— just type in the rate and hit
ENTER. You can choose to print the test strings in normal
type as a reference to content of signs on tape.
To print a sign, set the print head just below the top of the
paper, make sure the printer is on and choose PRINT SIGN.
Sign printing takes time, so you will have a chance to get a
beer or sweep the floor. After printing, control returns to the
PRINT ROUTINES menu. Get to other portions of the
program through the MAIN MENU option.
You are offered a choice of characters to use in making the
sign. This could be any character that can be entered from
the keyboard. I like the "0," the "$" works well as does
and "*." The program is initialized with the "0" as print
character. Printer codes in Lines 650 set the LPVIII to
half -space data processing mode so each carriage return
causes half a line feed while codes in Line 692 set the printer
back to full line feeds. Codes in Lines 685 and 690 set the
printer to condensed (132 characters per line) and back to
normal 10 pitch characters. Many printers support these
features, but have different print codes. You will have to
work out how to change these lines to fit your printer. (A
printer control code conversion chart appears in this issue of
the Rainbow.)
The BASIC INSTR command was invaluable in develop-
ing both the ">" operation on the menus and in reading and
reacting to keystrokes in the graphics mode. On the Main
Menu, we want to be able to position the ">"atcertainlines
and not others depending on the value of the count variable
CT. When ENTER is pressed, CT is then used in an ON CT
GOTO statement to send the program to the chosen func-
tion. CT should range from 1 to 7. Using INSTR in Line
1010, a multiplier LO is found that is used to calculate a
PRINT* position corresponding to the text that CT repre-
sents. This basic method was used in all menus except the
print character choice.
In the graphics mode, the input character was used in an
INSTR statement to obtain a number. Depending upon the
range the number falls into, the program may move into
tests to move the cursor or go directly to entering a character
on the screen. If the number returned by INSTR represents a
character, it also tells whether the character is narrow, aver-
age or wide so the cursor can be properly advanced. The
same technique and string is used in the backspace subrou-
tine to control cursor movement back over the text. Consult
Lines 30 and 145. ST$ is defined in Line 2110.
When we were writing TIMS, Gary Davis of Sugar Soft-
ware wanted a way to change baud rate up to 4800. Rather
than using a lot of space consuming IF THEN statements,
we merely provided a means for the user to type in the value
to be POKEd to set the higher rates. In Signs, I have worked
up a code to convert a PEEDed value to the then set baud
rate and print it on the menu. If a new baud rate is selected, it
is converted to the appropriate value and POKEd into 150.
IF THEN is not used but INSTR is. The code is in Lines
600-625. Have fun figuring it out.
June, 1983 the RAINBOW 199
36 .0296
400 0720
610. .
667. .
1000.
2030.
2100.
END.
0B48
0F51
13A9
177E
1C3A
1F3E
The listing:
0 GOTO10100
1 0 CLEAR2900 : PCLEAR4 : PT*-8TR I N8*
(37, "*" > : DIMS* ( 100) , SC* ( 19) : G08U
B2000: GOTO 1000
17 IFZS#60>TIMER THEN 17 ELSE RE
TURN
18 PRINT"###*TO PROCEED TOUCH AN
Y KEY****"!
19 Z9-INKEY*: IFZ*-""THEN 19 ELSE
RETURN
20 PRINT"TO SET TAPE RECORDER AN
D POSITION TAPE TO SAVE O
R LOAD, PRESS ANY KEY FOR MOTOR
ON ON ANDTHEN ANY KEY FOR MOTORO
FF"
21 OOSUB19
22 AUDIOON : MOTORON : BOSUB 1 9 : MOTOR
OFF: RETURN
30 I*-MID*(SC*(LN),CC+DR, 1):I-IN
STR(1,ST*, I*) : IFI-0THENXI-IC#7*S
C ELSEIFK18THENXI-IC*4*3C EL8EX
I-IC»9*SC
31 I F X+X I >254THEN8C* ( LN ) -LEFT* ( 8
NOW a good used line printer
ENTRONICS SS©
138 ch«r«ct«r» p»r lin«
Sprocket feed - Adjustable width
Dot Matrix 5X7
Print rate 88 char, per second
One line buffer
H = 13-3/4" D = Sl-2/3"
W = 3£" Weight = 98 lbs.
CENTRONICS 538 (used) serial 600
Baud, with 4 pin DIN plug $315.80
CENTRONICS 588 (used) parallel feed
44 pin edge card *£75.00
All prices F. O. B. Henderson, Tx.
Terms: Cash, check or COD
Tx. residents add 456 sales tax
LEADER SALES CORPORATION
P. O. Box 1££0, Henderson, Tx. 75653
Ph. £14-657-7800 after 6 PM
Discounts available to CC Clubs and
volume buyers.
C* (LN) , LEN (SC* (LN) > -1 ) : OV-1 : RETU
RN
32 CC-CC+IC:X-X+XI:X*-STR*(X)+",
" : Y*-STR* (Y) : I FLT— 1 THENRETURNELS
EDRAW " BM " +X*+Y* : RETURN
34 CC-0 : LN-LN+ I C : I *-LEFT* ( SC* ( LN
) , 2) : SC-VAL ( I*) : Y-Y+2*IC+IC*8*3C
: x-2: x*-str* ( x ) +" , " : y*-btr* ( Y) : d
RAWBH-'+Xt+Y*: RETURN
36 IFX >2THENIC— 1 : DR-2: BOTO30EL8
ERETURN
38 I FLEN ( SC* ( LN ) ) >CC+2THEN I C- 1 : D
R-3 : BOTO30EL8ERETURN
40 I FLN > 1 THEN I C— 1 : B0T034ELSERET
URN
42 I FLEN (SC* (LN+1 ) >0THENIC-1 : GOT
034EL8ERETURN
44 I C- 1 : I FLEN ( SC* ( LN+ 1 ) ) -0THENSC
* (LN+1 ) -LEFT* (SC* (LN) , 2) : G0T034E
46 I *-LEFT* ( SC* ( LN ) , 2 ) : SC-VAL ( I *
) : SH*— LEFT* (SC* (LN) , CC+2) : YE-8*S
C: LS-LEN (SC* (LN) ) : Y*-STR* ( Y) : X*»
STR* ( X ) : H*-STR* ( SC*4 )
48 I*-MID*(SC*(LN),CC+3,1):I-IN8
TR(1,8T*,I*):IFI-0THENXI-7*8C EL
8EIFK 18THENX I-4*8C EL8EX I-9*3C
50 YE*-8TR*(YE):XI*-8TR*(XI-1):D
RAW " C 1 S4" : FORK— 0TOX I - 1 : DRAW "D"+Y
E*+" R 1 U " +YE* : NE X T : CC-CC+ 1 : 1 FL 8 >C
C+2THEN4BELSECC— LEN ( SH* ) -2 : SC* ( L
N) -SH»: DRAW"BM M +X*+" , "+Y*+"C08"+
H*: RETURN
100 fork-itoi9:sc*(K)- m,, :next'TA
rbet line
110 print:print:bosub400:dm-0:pm
0de4, 1 : pcls1 : draw "c0 11 : 8o8ub190
1 20 pm0de4 , 1 : screen 1,0: color0 , 1 :
ln-1 : sc* ( 1 ) -str* (sc)
1 25 x-2 : y-2 : draw " bm2 , 2 " +sc*
130 pokehp,0:pp-ppoint(x,y)
1 35 p-ppo i nt ( x , y ) : i fp-0thenpset (
x,y, 1)el8epset(x,y,0)
140 i*-inkey*:fork-ito5:next: ifi
*- " " then 1 35elsepset ( x , y , pp ) : a-as
C(I*)
145 I— INSTR ( 1 , ST*, I*) : IFI >0ANDI<
10THENONI 808UB36, 38, 1 10, 44, 160,
40, 450, 160, 46: SOTO 130
150 DR-3:SC*(LN)-SC*(LN)+I«: IC-1
: lt-1 : GOSUB30 : lt-0: ifov-0THENDra
WG* (A) : GOTO130ELSEOV-0: GOTO 130
160 RETURN
1 90 I FFO-0THENDRAW "S4BM0, 0 | D79R 1
L1DB0R1L1D32" : F0RW-1T025: DRAW 11 Rl
0U1D1 " : NEXT: DRAW " R5U32L 1 R 1 U80L 1 R
1U79L5" : F0RW-1T025: DRAW"D1U1L10"
: NEXT: RETURN
195 DRAW"84BM0,0|D132 II :FORW-1TO1
3: DRAW"R10U1D1 " : NEXT: DRAW "R3U 132
200 the RAINBOW June, 1983
Quality Software Is The
Number One Priority At
K&KCOMPUTORS
LASER TANK • Pit yourself in a game of strategy and
excitement against the computer. You must defend your
flag from attacking tanks and destroy them before they
destroy your flag or you!!! Only $1 5 95 .
GAZON - The deadly Gazonians are trying to steal your /SS\
supplies and you must stopthem at all costs. Similar to the
popular "RIPOFF" Arcade Game, this game has color and
is faster. Machine language. Only $1 9 95 .
MUTATRON • As the last person alive, you must protect
yourself from sadistic robots bent on killing you. Another
popular Arcade Game, "ROBOTRON", brought to you by
K & K . Machine language. Only $1 9 95 .
SHOOT TO SPELL AND FLASH MATH • An educational
package that helps kids learn to spell and educate them
on elementary math. An absolute must for adults with
school aged children. Only $1 5 95 .
SPACE HARVEST • Pilot your spacecraft above the
Planetoid Voltar stealing spacefruit and trying to avoid
alien guards. Machine language Only $19 95 .
SERIAL TO PARELLEL CONVERTER - Have a printer
with a parellel port?Tiredof waiting for a line list? With this
little hardware device you can make your color computer
runatanybaudratebetween300and9600.LetK&K help
your printer to go much faster!!! Only $67 95 .
BLACKJACK - A casino game that puts two players
against the beady eyed dealer of the house. This dealer
deals the cards asgood or even betterthan Intellivision. If
you have any gambling blood at all this game is a must!
Same rules as any Las Vegas casino. Only $1 5 95 .
TAPE INDEX • Trouble keeping track of what programs
are on yourtape? Now it's possible to place a directory on
your cassette. Only $1 5 95
POLARIS - You are under the ocean in a submarine,
attacking planes and enemy destroyers dropping depth
charges attempting to destroy your sub. Can you destroy
them before they destroy you? This is a fast action
machine language program. Only $19 95 .
7PP
SUPER ZAP - Enemy spaceships are attacking from all
sides and your mission to defend your starbase from the
deadly Armadaof Pyruss.Thiswill be a dangerous mission
since the Pyruss Armada has never been defeated by any
humanoid. Only $1 5 95 .
SKY DESTROY • Planes and helicopters are coming from
all directions, they must bestopped!Thisgame issimilarto
Atari's and now available to color computer users.
Machine language. Only $19 95 .
BOWLING SCORED FOR DOLLARS - Do your leagues
bowling averages, This program will keep individual
scores, team totals, individual averages, team standings,
and print all this information to your line printer. On
cassette and disk, specify on order. Only $1 9 95 .
INVENTORY CONTROL - This program contains all the
necessary features required for all types of inventories:
sort inventory by stock number, list stock number,
description, amount in stock, cost, wholesale, profits. Only
$4995.
CHECK LEDGER • This bookkeeping system allows the
user to have current information on your expenses by any
category you wish. Year end tax statements made easy.
Disk required. Only $49 95 .
ACCOUNTS PAYABLE -Small businessmen, control your
business growth by keeping track of all your cash liabilities
and payment history. Only $49 95 .
ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE • This system keeps track on
the statusof all customer accounts, all payment histories
included. Only $49 95 .
WE'VE CHANGED OUR NAME: FORMERLY K & K COM PUTOR WARE, NOW K & K COMPUTORS.
ALLGAME PROGRAMS - require 1 6K extended(prices are set for cassette, add $400 f 0 r disk, except business.)
PROGRAMMERS!!! - K & K pays the highest royalities for your programs. If your program is good, send it to K & K
TRS-80 COLOR COMPUTER USERS-New programs are added each week. SEND $100 FOR OUR COMPLETE CATALOG
K&K COMPUTORS
P.O. BOX 833 • STERLING HEIGHTS, MICHIGAN
48Q77
Telephone: 13 JM3) 264-7 345
l3" : f0rw-1t013: draw"d1u1l10" : nex
t: return
400 cls: print046, "signs",,,"
letter scale (1st line) " , tab (6) "
ix", ,tab(6) "2x", ,tab(6) "3x":ct-1
:FG-0:GO8UB490
410 PR I NT0LP p "X"| :PRXNT0260, "PAP
ER FORMAT" m TAB (6) "22 INCH WIDE
SIGN" , TAB (6) "8 1/2 IN. X 11 IN.
SHEET ":CT-0
420 LP- (CT+10) #32+2: PRINT0LP, " >"
I : 808UB19: PRINT0LP, " " | ! IFZ*-CHR
•(10) AND CT-0THENCT- 1 : 8OTO420EL8
EIFZ*-CHR*(94)AND CT-1THENCT-0: 8
OTO420EL3EIFZ*< >CHR* ( 13) THEN420E
L8EF0-CT : RETURN
490 CLS: PRINT046, "SIBNS" , , , "
MAIN MENU",,,," PRINT SIGN",,
p p I : cm-2: CT-i : iflen <sc* <ln> ) -2AN
DSC* ( LN+ 1 ) - " " THENPR I NT " CURRE
NT SCALE IS"SC*(LN)"X"," CHOO
8E NEW SCALE" p TAB (6) "IX", ( TAB (6)
"2X " , , TAB (6) "3X " : CM-5
460 Z*-HEX*(CT):L0-IN8TR(" 1 2
345" p Z«) : LP-L0#32+2: PRINT0LP, "
>"i:eO8UB19:PRINT0LP," "|
465 IFZ*-CHR*(10)ANDCT<CM THENCT
-CT+1 : QOTO460EL8EIFZ*-CHR* (94) AN
DCT >1 THENCT-CT- 1 : GOTO460EL8E I FZ*
POWER LINE PROBLEMS?
SPIKE-SMKER® ...THE SOLUTION!
Protects, organizes, controls computers & sensitive, high tech electronic
equipment. Helps prevent software "glitches", unexplained memory loss,
and equipment damage. Absorbs damaging voltage spikes & surges, re-
duce costly equipment downtime. Filter models attenuate conducted
RF interference. 1 20V, 1 5 Amps. Other models available. Ask for free
literature for detailed specs. Call your order in today!
DELUXE POWER CONSOLE
$79.95
Transient absorber, dual 5-stage filter. 8 individually
switched sockets, fused, main switch, and lite.
QUAD-il $59.95
Transient absorber. Dual 3-stage filter. 4 sockets, lite.
QUAD-I $49.95
Transient absorber, 4 sockets, lite.
MINI M $44.95
Transient absorber, 3-stage filter, 2 sockets, lite.
MINI-I $34.95
Transient absorber, 2 sockets, lite.
®
mom
6584 Ruch Rd., Dept.RB
Bethlehem, PA 18017
Use your credit card or send check & we pay the shipping.
215-837-0700
Out of state, order toll free
800-523-9685 • TWX 510-651-2101
PA Res. add 6% soles tax • for COD odd S3. 00 + shipping • dealers invited
<>CHR«(13)THEN460EL8EONCT GOTO 10
00 f 600
470 ct-ct-2 : i fct< 1 thenscreen 1,0:
boto130el8ego8ub49s: sc* (ln) -str*
<8c) : screen 1,0: goto 130
490 lp- ( ct+3 ) *32+2 : pr i nt0lp , " > " i
:gosubi9:print«_p," ",:ifz*-chr*
(10) andct<3thenct«ct+1 : 8oto490el
8eifz4-chr* (94) andct > 1 thenct— ct-
1 : goto490el8e i f z *< >chr* ( 13 ) then4
90
495 8C-CT*4 : 8C»- 11 3 " +STR* ( SC ) : 8C-
CT : DRAWSC* : RETURN
600 * TARGET LINE
605 P0KE65494 , 0 : BP-PEEK (150): BU-
INSTRd, "61841 87 180", RIG
HT* (STR* (BP) , LEN (STR* (BP) ) -1 ) ) : B
U-4800/BU
610 CLS : PR I NT073 , " PR I NT ROUTINES
CURRENT BAUD RATE — BU,
TAB (6) "RESET BAUD RATE",,," P
RINT SIGN",,,," PRINT TEXT 8T
RING",,," MAIN MENU":CT-1
615 CT*-RIGHT*(STR*(CT),1):LP-IN
STR (I," 12 3 4",CT*):LP-LP#3
2+2: PRINTGLP, 11 >" I : G08UB19: PRINTS
LP, " "| : IFZ*-CHR* ( 10) ANDCT< 4THEN
CT-CTT+1 : Q0T0615EL8EIFZ*-CHR* (94
) ANDCT > 1 THENCT-CT- 1 ; G0T06 1 5EL8E I
FZ«< >CHR* (13) THEN6 1 5EL8E0NCT GOT
0620 , 640 , 630 , 695
620 PRINT 11 "| : INPUT "ENTER NEW BA
UD RATE" | BU* : BU*— LEFT* ( BU* , 1 ) : BL
-IN8TR ( 1 , "36124", BU*) : IFBL-0THEN
PR I NT "baud rat* error ": SOUND 100,
50:GOTO605
625 BU(l)-lS0:BU(2)-87:BU(3)-4l:
BU (4) -18: BU (5)-6: BU-BU (BL) : POKE1
50, BU: GOTO605
630 F0RK-1T019:PRINT«-2,8C*(K):N
ext:goto610
640 cls:print073,"print graphics
",,," current print character
"," is "a*,,,," key your c
haracter or"," < enter > for "a
*: g08ub19: ifz*— chr* ( 13) then650el
8EA*-Z*
650 PM0DE4 , 1 : SCREEN 1 , 0 : PR I NT0-2 ,
CHR* ( 19) CHR* (27) CHR* (20) : DRAW "CI
" : G08UB 1 90 : DRAW " C0" : I FFO- 1 THEN6S
5
660 FORU-255TO0 8TEP-l:POKEHP,0:
B*— STR I NG* (G0, 32) : FORV-0TO79: IF1
-PPOINT (U, V) THENMID* (B*, V+l , 1 ) -"
" : ELSEM I D* ( B* , V+ 1 , 1 ) -A* : CT-V+ l :
C-l
664 NEXT:POKE65494,0: IFC— 0THENPR
INT0-2, " " : NE X TEL8EPR I NT#-2 , LEFT
*(B*,ct):c-0:next
665 cls : prints 194, "press 'c to
202 the RAINBOW June, 1983
AT LAST - REAL ARCADE ACTION
Just plug in our odoptor (below) ond use your ATARI® JOY5T1CKS, or for REAL
ARCADE AGlON...get one of ours!
ByWICO*
COMMAND CONTROL odoptor Radio Shock* TRS80® Color Computer 1 7 95
Use one or two Joysticks • Adaptor needed for oil Joysticks.
COMMAND CONTROL Joysticks
• Injection-molded modular construction ond 6 Leaf type molded switches
— identical to the best commercial arcade models.
• Two fire burton locations, activated by above-mounted slide switch
• ExTTQ-long 5' cord
Joystick 15-9714 29 95
• ExTro-long arcade slyle
bat handle grip rhof moves
smoothly ond easily into oil
8 standard positions.
• Low-profile, heovy-duty
plastic base.
Famous Red Boll™
Joystick 15-9730 34 95
• Arcode-type fed ball handle that moves
smoothly ond easily into oil 8 standard
positions.
• Low-profile, heavy-duty plastic base.
ATARI
Joysticks
SPECIAL
$9.50 each/2 for $1 8.00
TM
QuickShot
DELUXE JOY5T1CK CONTROLLER
Deluxe positive response fire button
Contour grip design • Extra long feet cord
Conventional type firing burton • Rubber Suction cup footing ^ w
for stable one hand operation • Contour groove for sure grip $19 93 ea./34 93 pr.
TWGA-COMMAND JOY5T1CK5
H9 95 eo/34 95 pr.
POIN1MA5TER 17 95 ea/32 95 pr.
A rugged, tost action joystick for those
who take their gomes seriously.
POINTMASTER PRO 28 95 ea./49 95 pr.
Super Joystick with built in Fire Control
ond suction base.
Pro/Writer Printer— 8510 A
Printer
Interface
TDP-100
LIST
'495.00
69.00
SALE
'439.95
65.95
PACKAGE
Pockoge
'499.95
VTSA/MCadd3%
Ship/handling
(y insurance
odd $10.00
1 6K Color Computer w/GASIC - $289.00
16K Color Computer w/Exrended Color BASIC - $389.00
SOFTWARE
FROM SHELL
r^TH5TAR^nooVenture''32k/ecb. '19.95
o text odvenfure fhars different!!
(See review in April Issue of Rainbow) r*wboj»
SUB-HUNT "arcade type" 16k/ecb . . . . ' 9.95
(FREE in March Issue of Rainbow)
STAR RAID 'arcade type" 16k ecb . . . '18.95
a lot of action for 16k
FEDERATION BOOTCAMP 16k ecb. . . . '18.95
You've been drafted for 16 wks.
of rugged training! can you
become a "spoce coder" ???
SONAR SEARCH "arcade type" 16/ecb'18.95
remember battleship?? you'll
love this one! 1/2 players
EXTERMINATOR^orcodetype" 1 6k/ecb ' 1 8.95
not o "centipede type game"
this is original! destroy
the insects with your con
of "RAID" - lots of fun!
SNOOPY 6 RED BARON "arcade type" '18.95
1 6k/ecb - this one is o red
"dog fight" for 2 players only!
LUNAR-londer "arcade type" 16k/ecb '1595
yep, another "lander" gome but
we think you'll like our version.
Different each time with 4 levels
of play! Great Effects!!
FROM TOM Mix
DONKEY-KING "arcade type" 32K/mi '24.95
by far the best "KONG" type
gdme! 4 full screens, Just
like the arcode-ASTOUNDING!!
TAPE TO DISK 'utility" 16k/ml '1995
load any tope to disk
automatically
THE FIXER "utility" 16k/ml '18.95
having trouble moving those
600 hex programs to disk?
the FIXER will help!
DISK TO TAPE "utility" 16k/ml '19.95
dump contents of disk to
tape automatically
***IF IT'S NOT GOOD, WE DON'T SELL IT***
DEALER INQUIRIES WELCOME
* ALL ARCADE TYPE IN HI-RES *
ZAXXONB/Dafaso^ . $39.95
FREE 16K Adv. game with
$50 order.
Orders under $50 - odd $2.50
_ ship/hnd. Write for complete
S & S ARCADE SUPPLIES line of software
8301 Samow Dr./Orlando, FL 32807 Flo. residents odd 5% sales tax.
9 to 5 EST (305) 894-1 887 - Evenings (305) 275-8490 VTSA/MC odd 3%
PRINT NEXT"," SCREEN SECTION", "
PRESS ANY OTHER KEY TO STOP": 8
08UB19: IFZ«< >"C"THEN692EL8E8CREE
Nl , 0: FORLH255TO08TEP-1 : POKEHP, 0
666 FORV-60TO 1 39 : V 1 - V-79 : I F 1 -PPO
INT<U,V>THENMID*<B*,V1, 1)- EL
8EMID«<B*,V1, l)-A*:CT-Vl:C-l
667 next:poke65494,0:ifc-0thenpr
int#-2 f nex tel8epr i nt0— 2 , left
•(B*,ct):c«0:next
670 cl8: print* 194, "press 'c to
PRINT LAST"," SCREEN SECTION","
PRESS ANY OTHER KEY TO STOP": 8
08UB 1 9 : I FZ0O " C " THEN692EL8E8CREE
Nl , 0: FORU-235TO0STEP-1 : POKEHP, 0:
FORV-160TO192
671 V1*V-1S9:IF1-PP0INT(U,V)THEN
MID*(B«,V1, 1)-" ":EL8EHID«(B«,V1
,1>-a«:ct-vi:oi
674 NEXT : P0KE65494 ,0:1 FC-0THENPR
INT0-2, " " EL8EPR I NT0-2, LEFT* (B«,
CT):O0
675 NEXT:60T0692
689 PRINT#-2,CHR«<27>CHR*<20>:FO
RV-0TO131 : POKEHP, 0: B»-" " : CT-0: FO
RU-0TO131: IFl-PPOINT(U,V)THENB«>
Bt+" "ELSEBt-B«+A«: CT-U
690 NEXT:POKE69494,0:PRINT«-2,LE
FT* (B«, CT+1 ) : NEXT: PRINT0-2, CHR« (
27>CHR«<19>
692 PRINT0-2, CHR« (27) CHR« (94) : 60
SUB 190:601*0699
699 GOTO 1000
900 CL8'***L0AD FILE***
910 PR I NTS 103, "LOAD FILES" | : IFCT
-4THENPRINT01 99* LEFT* (HT* , 21 ) , EL
8EPR I NTS 1 98 , R I 8HT» (HT*, 23)
919 P0KE69494 , 0: 6O8UB990: CLOADHC
L*: IFCT-STHENOPEN" I",#-1,F*: INPU
T#-l , X , Y, LN, 8C4, 8C: FORK-1TO10: IN
put«-i , set (K) : next: close- i
920 PM0DE4, 1 : SCREEN 1 , 0: COLOR0, 1 :
DRAW "C0" : GOTO 1 30
990 CL8:'»»*8AVE FILES***
999 PR I NTS 103, "8AVE FILES "I S IFCT
•6THENPR I NTS 1 99 , LEFT* (HT*, 21 ) , EL
8EPR I NTS 198, RI 0HT* ( HT* ,23)
960 POKE69494,0:OO8UB990:8O8UB99
4 : FOR J- 1 T02 : CSAVEHCL* , 1 936, 7679 ,
1 936 : HOTORON : 28-2 : T I HER-0 : 808UB 1
7: I FCT—6THENNEXTEL8E0PEN" O" , «-l ,
F*: PRINT0-1 , X, Y , LN, 8C«, SC: FORK-1
T019: PRINT0-1 , 8C* (K) : NEXT: CL06E-
1 : TIHER-0: HOTORON: 608UB17:NEXT
969 HOTOROFF:BOTO1000
990 PRINTS262, " " I : INPUT" FILE NA
HE" IF*: IFLEN(F«> >7THENF*-LEFT* (F
*,7)
The C olor Computer
Word Processor!
MASTER WRITER (we changed our name from WORDMASTER) is a profes-
sional quality full screen oriented word processor for your color computer. Take a
look at what you get.
MASTER WRITER'S FULL SCREEN-ORIENTED EDITOR allows you to move
the cursor any where In your text using the up, down, right and left arrows. Do this
one character at a time or by line or page, insert, delete or replace text at the cursor
watching your changes as you make them. Delete or move blocks of text from one
place to another. Merge in text from other files.
AUf OMATIC CARRIAGE RETURN after last complete word on each line; with
this and AUTOMATIC PAGE FEED you don't have to worry about where a line or
page ends — just type!
MASTER WRITER runs on a 1 6K, 32K, or 64K color computer, taking advantage
of all available memory. Use it with DISK OR CASSETTE based systems. EX-
TENDED BASIC IS NOT REQUIRED for cassette version.
EASY TO UNDERSTAND MANUAL has you comfortably using MASTER WRI-
TER In minutes. It Is a USER-FRIENDLY MENU-DRIVEN SYSTEM with single
lettercommands. Check any command without having to refer to the manual with
the HELP SCREEN.
10 PROGRAMMABLE FUNCITON KEYS allow easy insertion of frequently
used words or phrases.
MASTER WRITER
WORKS WITH ANY PRINTER. Take full advantage of your printer's special
functions such as variable character size and emphasized characters with EASY
EMBEDDING OF PRINTER CONTROL CODES.
GLOBAL SEARCH function lets you quickly locate specific strings for replace-
ment or deletion.
Customize form letters or standard text with the EMBEDDED PAUSE feature.
Just "fill in the blanks" when your printer pauses for a personalized appearance.
LIMITED MULTI-TASKING feature lets you print one file while editing ano-
ther.
In addition to regular text you can use MASTER WRITER to CREATE BASIC
PROGRAMS with the convenience of full-screen editing. It can also be used to
make and edit simple MAILING LISTS.
OTHER FEATURES include easy setting of left, right, top and bottom margin,
printer line width, and lines per page. Also repeat keys, auto line centering, auto
page numbering and choice of display color formats.
TO ORDER send $29.95 for cassette version or $34.95 for disk version plus
$2.50 shipping (Calif, residents add sales tax) to: PYRAMID DISTRIBUTORS, 527
HILL ST., SANTA MONICA, CA 90405 (21 3) 399-2222.
$29.95 Cassette
.95 Disk
204
the RAINBOW June, 1983
PCLEftR 30 Software. - .
iThanks RAINBQy readers for the continued support. He had
to go back to the "endless list" type ad because there's a
lot of new stuff and He want you to know what we have.
But the new catalog is going to the printer today. We put
a few hints and tips in there, including how to PCLEflR 8
with disk.
*** NEW ! ***
HH HHHHHUH t t HWHWHHHWHWHWHHtHWttHWHWtW
ZAXXON «32K« (Data Soft) $39.95 TP OR DSK
ROBOTTftCK ( INTRACOLOR) $24.95 TAPE
$27.95 DISK
ITRAP FALL (Tom Mix Software) $2L95 TAPE
IMS. GOBBLER (Spectral Associates) $21.95 TAPE
$24 95 DISK
{DEATH TRAP (Soft Sector Mkt.) $19." 95 TAPE
[COLOR CATERPILLAR (Soft Sector) $19.95 TAPE
OLD FAVORITES
THE K I NG *32K# (Tom Mix)
( Intracolor)
PROTECTORS *32K* (To* Mix)
$26.95
$29.95
$29.95
$32.95
$24.95
$27.95
TAPE
DISK
TAPE
DISK
TAPE
DISK
BU SINESS UTILITIES
TELEWRITER— 64 (Cogmtec)
T. I. M. S. *E.B.« (Sugar Software)
WORKSAVER (Platinum Software)
IT APE TO DISK (Ton Mix)
TAPE DUPE (Ton Mix)
FIXER (Ton Mix)
$49.95 CASS
$59.95 BISK
$24.95 CASS
$35.«« CASS
$17.95
$16.95
$17.95
ALL PROGRAMS 16K NON-EXT. UNLESS NOTED
FROGGER MAY BE HERE BY THE TIME YOU READ THIS.
|l£ HAVE A FEW OLD RAINBOWS (PRE-JULY '82) LEFT AS WELL AS
)RCH 'A3 ON. SORRY, MAY '62 IS OUT. WE ALSO HAVE THE NEW
.OR COMPUTER MAGAZINE ($2.95 EA.)
!ND $.58 IN STAMPS OR COIN FOR YOUR CATALOG TODAY.
PCLEAR 80 SOFTWARE •
494 Cline Avenue
Mansfield, OH 44907
(419) 756-4873 ^
Note: We also carry the RAINBOW
SI*.
Add $2 shipping on orders less than $50 Please add
$2 for COD. Ohio residents add 5% state sales tax
992 I FF«< > " " THENCL*-F*+ " M " : F«"F«
+"T" S RETURNELSECL*-" " : RETURN
994 PRINT: INPUT" RUN PAST LEA
DER"! Z*: IFZ»-"Y"THENMOTORON: ZS-1
0 : T I MER-0 : GOSUB 1 7 : MOTOROFF : RETUR
NELSERETURN
1000 CLS 'MAIN MENU
1010 PRINT813, "SIGNS", " STA
RT NEW SCREEN", 11 RETURN TO OL
D SCREEN"," PRINTER",,,,"
LOAD FROM TAPE" , TAB (6)MT», , , "
SAVE TO TAPE" , TAB (6) MT*, , , CH*| :
CT-1
1020 Z*-HEX*(CT) :LO-INSTR(l, " 12
3 49 67" , Z«> : LP-L0#32+2: PRINTS
LP, " >" | :
1030 G0SUB19:PRINT0LP, " "i:ifz»-
CHR* (10) ANDCT< 7THENCT-CT+ 1 : GOTOl
020ELSE I F Z *«CHR* ( 94 ) ANDCT > 1 THENC
T-CT-1 : GOTO1020ELSEIFZ*< >CHR* ( 13
) GOTO 1020
1040 ONCT GOTO 100, 1050,600,900,9
00,930,930
1050 IFSC* ( 1 > -" "THEN 101 0ELSESCRE
EN1,0:GOTO130
2000 'LETTER STRINGS SUB
20 1 0 A»- M 0 " : B*- " " : x -0 : Y-0 : u-0: v-
0: BI*-"D6R3E1 " : CI«-"BR4BD1H1L2G1
D4F 1 R2E 1 " I L I " D6R4 " : LE«- " BR3BU6
11 : G* ( 65 ) ■ " BD6U4E2F2D 1 L4R4D3BR3BU
6" : G* (66) -BI«+"U1H1L3R3E1U1H1L3B
R7"
2020 G» ( 67 ) -C I *+ " BR3BU5 " : G* ( 6G ) -
B I *+ " U4H 1 L3BR7 " : G« ( 69 ) -L I *+ " BU3B
L 1 L3U3R4BR3 " : G* ( 70 ) - " D6U3R3L3U3R
4BR3 " : G* ( 7 1 ) -C I «+" U2L2BU 1 BR5BU2 "
: G« ( 72 ) - " D6U3R4D3U6BR3 " : G* ( 73) - "
BR 1 D6BR3BU6 " : G» ( 74 ) - " BD4D 1 F 1 R2E 1
U5BR3"
2030 G* ( 75 ) - " D6BR4H3L 1 R 1 E3BR3 " : Q
» ( 76 ) -L I «+LE« : G* ( 77 ) - " D6U6F3E3D6
" +LE* : G* ( 7G ) - " D6U5F4D 1 U6BR3 " I Q* (
79) -CI»+"U4BR3BU1 " : G* (G0) - " D6U3R
3E1U1H1L3BR7" : G« (Gl > -CI«+"BL1F2B
HI BU 1 U4BR3BU 1 " : G» ( G2 ) - " D6BR4H3L 1
R3E1U1H1L3BR7"
2040 G*(G3)-"BD5F1R2E1H4E1R2F1BR
3BU 1 " : G» ( G4 ) - " R2D6U6R2BR3 " : G» ( G5
) « " D5F 1 R2E 1 U5BR3 " : G» ( 66 ) - " D4F2E2
U4BR3 " : G» ( G7 ) ■ " D6E3F3U6BR3 " : G» (G
G) ■ " D 1 F4D 1 BL4U 1 E4U 1 BR3 "
2050 Q* ( G9 ) - " D 1 F2D3U3E2U 1 BR3 " : G*
( 90 ) - " R4D 1G4D1 R4BR3BU6 " : G* ( 49 ) ■ "
BD 1 E 1 D6BR3BU6 " : G« (50) -"BD1E1R2F1
D 1 G4R4 " +LE* : G* (51 ) -"BR1G1BD4F1R2
E1U1H1L2R2E1U1H1L2BR6" : G* (52) *"B
D6BR3U6G3R4BU3BR3 " : G* ( 46 ) -C I »+ " U
4G4BR7BU5"
2060 G* ( 53 ) - " BD5F 1 R2E 1 U2H 1 L3U2R4
BR3" : G* (54) -CI*+"U1H1L3BE1BR6BU2
June, 1983 the RAINBOW 205
" : Q» (55) ■ " R4D 1 84D1 BR7BU6" : B* (56)
-"BR1B1D1F1B1D1F1R2E1U1H1L2R2E1U
1H1L2BR6": 6* (57) -"BD5F1R2E1U3B1L
2H 1 U 1 E 1 R2F 1 D 1 BR3BU2 "
2070 B»(32)-"BR7 M :B*(33)- H BR1D3B
D2D 1 BR3BU6 " : 6« ( 34 ) - " BR 1 D2BR3U2BR
3" : B* ( 35 ) ■ " BD2R4BD2L4BU3BR 1 D4BR2
U4BU 1 BR4 " : B« ( 36 ) - " BR4BD2H 1 L28 1 F 1
R2F 161 L2H 1 BR2D2U6BR5 "
2060 8«(37>-"DlRlUlLlBR4D184DlBR
3R1U1L1D1BR4BU6" : 64 (36) -"BF4BR2B
2L2H 1 E4H 1 L 1 B 1 D 1 F4BR3BU6 " : B* (39)-
" BR 1 D2BR3BU2 11 : 8* (40) ■ " BR3B2D2F2B
R4BU6 " : 8* (41 ) -"BR1F2D282BR6BU6"
2090 8*(42)>"BR2BD1D4BH2R4BU1BL1
82BU2F2BR4BU4 11 : 8* (43) -"BR2BD1D4B
H2R4BR3BU3 " : 6* (44) -"BD5BR1L1U1R1
D261BR4BU7" : 8* (45) — " BD3BR 1 R3BR3B
U3"
2100 Bt(46)-"BD6BR1L1U1R1D1BR3BU
6 " : Bt ( 47 ) - " BR4D 1 B4D1 BR7BU6 ■ : B* ( 6
1 ) - " BD2R4BD2L4BR7BU4 " : 8C*«"BD2R1
U1L1D1BD3R1U1L1D1 " : 8« (58) «GC*+"B
R4BU5" : 8* (59) -QC*+"BR1D1B1BR4BU7
11 : 84 (60) --BR483F3BR3BU6" : 8* (62) -
11 BR 1 F3B3BR6BU6 " : 8* ( 63 ) - " BD 1 E 1 R2F
1 B2BD2D 1 BR5BU6"
2110 ST«-CHR*<8>+CHR«<9>+CHR*(12
) +CHR* ( 1 3 ) + " \ " +CHR* ( 94 ) +CHR* ( 95 )
+CHR*(10)+"0Il:i !, ' .*m- :MTt-"BR
APHICB SCREEN ONLY
APHICB 8CREEN fc TEXT ":CH*-" USE U
P OR BONN ARROW TO CHOICE AND
PREB8 < ENTER >"
2130 DATAD6,6F,C1,FE V 27,03, 7E P 82
, 73, F6, FF, 22, 54, 25 , FA, 8A, 80, BD, 8
E,0C,81,BD,27,0B,0C,9C,D6,9C,D1,
9B, 25, 02, 0F, 9C, 32, 62, 39
2200 'POKE PRINTER DRIVER
2210 : RESTORE: BO8UB2220 : FORB-A T
O ( A+36 ) : RE ADL* : L«- " &H " +L* : L-VAL (
L«) : POKEB , L : NEXT: RETURN
2220 L«- VP-0 : A-0 : B-0: L-0: vp-v
ARPTR (PT») : A-PEEK (VP+2) *296+PEEK
(VP+3): RETURN
1 0000 AUD I OON : P0KE65494 , 0 : 80SUB9
94: F0RC-1T02: CSAVE"SI6NS" : NOTORO
N: FORX-1TO600: next: next: MOTOROFF
10100 CLS: PR I NT099, "********* S
IBNS *#*#*#**" , , , TAB ( 15) "BY" , , ,
TAB (8) "RICHARD A. WHITE",TAB(U)
"44 DOW CT. ", TAB (6) "FAIRFIELD, O
H 45014", TAB (10) "513-829-5163",
,,TAB(7)"(C) COPYRIBHT 1982":PRI
NT: PRINT" HIBH SPEED POKE Y/N"
I
10110 B0SUB19: IFZ»-"Y"THENHP-654
95: PRINT" YES " | : SOTO 10 ELSEHP-6
5494: PRINT" NO" |: GOTO 10
FOR YOUR COMPUTATION.
SECRET CODES $9.95 4K. Makes encoding and decoding secret messages easy.
ENEMY SEARCH $9.95 4K. A very addicting game. We've seenpeople play for hours!
ADVENTURE CRACKER™ $14.95 ML displays all words in memory, even from
BASIC programs.
ALPHABETIC OUTLAWS™ $19.95 16K BASIC. Can you find the words in hiding?
THE HANGMAN'S WORKSHOP™ $19.95 16K BASIC. Plays Hangman but you can't
lose.
^ SPEAK UP!™ $29.95 16K/32K ML. Voice Synthesizer with text to speech!
SPECIAL OFFER:
Order 4 or more and take off 20%!
P.O. Box 12247, Lexington, KY 40582
800—334-0854 Ext. 890
206 the RAINBOW June, 1983
ADVENTURES
MANSION OF DOOM
by PAL Creations
Rescue the Princess Marlena from the
mysterious Count Von Steinoff and re-
unite her with the townspeople of her
village in Transylvania. The Count's man-
sion has 76 distinct locations for you to
explore in your rescue attempt.
32K EXT $14.95
S.S. POSEIDON
by Bill <S Debbie Cook
You are aboard the S.S. Poseidon when it
is capsized by a tidal wave. It is floating
bottom-up on the surface and taking on
water. Will you survive to tell your tale?
16KEXt $14.95
THE FINAL COUNTDOWN
by Bill & Debbie Cook
You are outside a missile base which has
just been evacuated because a beserk
General has started the countdown on a
nuclear missile — target: MOSCOW.
Your mission, if you accept it, is to stop
the missile launch and prevent WWIII.
16KEXT $14.95
STALAG & ENO
by PAL Creations
1) You are an allied POW in a German
prison camp in 1944 and were forgotten in
the hot box when the camp was evacuated
due to unexpected bombing raids. How
will you get out ALIVE?
2) Your eccentric old aunt just died and
left you a fortune in cash. To prove you
deserve it, you must decipher the clues
and find your fortune, which she hid in
her living room.
32K EXT Both for $14.95
BIG NUM
by Quasar Animation
$6.95
THE WALL
by Quasar Animation
$9.95
MYSTERY MAZE
by Faith Robinson Enterprises
$14.95
DOODLE BUG
by Computerware
$24.95
COLORPEDE
by Intracolor
< „ $29.95
JARB
SOFTWARE
HARDWARE
COMPUTER PRODUCTS
THE WARRIOR
& THE WIZARD
by Jimmy Jones
Choose your character, weapons and ar-
mor to battle warlords, pygmies and other
foes as well as hidden monsters, snakes,
booby traps and numerous other dangers
in this disk based graphics assisted adven-
ture. Beware of the EVIL WIZARD!
32K EXT Plus one disk $ 19.95
CCM#3
by Charles Santee, Ed.D.
Using only one joystick, CCM#3 allows
total communication for special persons.
Contains many features and is easy to use.
Excellent for young children. Also helps
teach spelling and sentence structure. Com-
plete documentation.
32K EXT $32.95
rainbow SKY DEFENSE
C " T *** T, °" By Quasar Animations
Fight off the attacking waves of enemy
craft in fast realtime combat. Machine
language.
16K $18.95
BLACK SANCTUM
by Mark Data
$19.95
CALIXTO ISLAND
by Mark Data
$19.95
EL DIABLERO
by Computerware
$19.95
JARB
I
N
C
SOFTWARE
hardware
COMPUTER PRODUCTS
1636 D Avenue, Suite C
National City, CA 92050
(619) 474-6213
Dealer/Author Inquiries Invited
All programs warranted 60 days from date of purchase
to original purchaser. Unless otherwise specified, ship-
ping and handling J2.00 per order. California Residents
add 6V# sales tax.
RAINBOW
ce«t£c*tk» JUNGLE TREK
Lost in a jungle with wild animals lurking;
your only survival is to find a safe com-
pound before you are lunch for lions;
high resolution; multi-color.
16K EXT $14.95
rainbow LAZER STAR
HELO BATTLE
1) 2 players avoid destruction by blasts of
mysterious lazerstar while battling each
other for possession of Lazerstar
16K EXT
2) 1 player /2 joystick combat game to
blow up 5 blockhouses while watching fuel,
ammo, and avoiding anti-aircraft fire
16K EXT Both for $14.95
RAINBOW
" , 2 na " JARB CODE
Encode/decode important messages or
other information in a virtually un-
breakable format.
16K Standard/Extended $15.95
RAINBOW
CERTttCATKM
BIORHYTHM/
PSYCHIC APT.
1) Prints biorhythm charts of nearly
unlimited length; attractively formatted
for use on Line Printer VII. 16K
2) Your psychic ability is determined
through questions evaluating your psychic
experiences
16KExt Both for $15.95
SCORE-EZ
From 1 to 6 people can play this excellent
adaptation of a popular board game. The
computer keeps score for all players, and
rolls dice. You can roll again just like the
original game. Properly position the
results of each turn for maximum score.
The only thing you will need besides your
computer is players. Color graphics and
sound will entertain you for hours, and
it's EZ to play.
16K EXT $15.95
U.S FUNDS ONLY
C.O.D. ORDERS ACCEPTED
NO CREDIT CARD ORDERS
Pro-Color -File
' Jazzy' File Management
By Ed Lowe
I spend a lot of time at my CoCo pounding out
programs — applications programs. Mostly, data manipula-
tion programs. My fingertips actually seem to have grown
mallet-like and I'll bet the wife, kids and friends look upon
me as some kind of mutant. "Weird Ed" is what I imagine
they call me as I disappear for hours on end into my inner
sanctum to commune with my computer. No matter of great
concern to me, though!
In the past three months, I have written several programs
for our young but rapidly growing Color Computer club.
Among them are one with many features except a record
deletion capability (optimism) to index information on
members and a very versatile programs library. Even wrote
a couple for my wife to let her make up a week's menu in
advance and do her grocery shopping list in a matter of
minutes. (Those also served as a way to get her in front of the
computer.) I also hold a structured programming class for
the club. I spend a lot of time pounding the keyboard.
ORTH
Including SEMIGRAFHIC-8 EDITOR
+ UTILITIES
-Disk and Tape utilities
-Boot from disk or tape
-Graphics and Sound commands
-Printer commands
-Auto-repeat and Control keys
-Fast task multiplexing
-Unique TRACE function in kerna]
-Clean INTERRUPT handling
in HIGH-LEVEL FORTH
-CPU CARRY FLAG accessible
-Game of LIFE demo
-ULTRA FAST: written in assembler
-Directions included for
installing optional ROM in
disk controller or cartridge
ic game "RATMAZE"
FORTH
Hoyt Stearns Electronics
4131 E. CANNON DR. PHOENIX, ARIZONA 85028
602-996-1 71 7
It occurred to me recently, however, as I launched into yet
another files management program, that I probably was
reinventing the wheel a mite too of ten. I decided I needed to
take a new approach and try to come up with one program
which would allow me the flexibility to create and manage
any file from it. Such a program would also have to permit
generation of a number of different reports from a single file.
It would be designed to allow any desired number of record
fields with headings to be stipulated by the user. A really
jazzy, all-purpose "this is it" files management system. I had
all its features laid out in my head. But I only got as far as the
conceptualizing stage before the Rainbow sent me another
product for review. I could see right away that I had been
beaten to the punch. The wheel had not only already been
invented, but perfected! But I don't mind too awfully much
because such a project would have taken me a long time to
complete anyway.
What beat me to the punch is Pro-Color-File, released
just this year by Derringer Software and already upgraded
to version 2.0. It is exactly what I had in mind! And this
system is disk-based for single or multiple drives.
Pro- Color-File can be described as a complete files man-
agement system for the Color Computer. With it, one can
enter, store, search, update, and get various printer reports
from his information. Club listings, student grades, job
reports, church funds, mailing lists — the litany could go on
and on. No longer will you find yourself using those single-
purpose programs you thought were the ultimate. This one
is designed to handle it all for you.
It might be interesting to note that the programs which
make up Pro-Color-File are all in BASIC! These programs,
all run and controlled from a master menu, are:
•Define data segments
•Define screen formats
•Define equations
•Define report formats
•Pro-Color-Files
•Enter/ update records
• Index records
•Print reports
•Exit program
In addition to these system programs, the registered mas-
ter disk comes with a number of already created demonstra-
tion files, screens, and reports to be used in the tutorial
phase. (One of them is a club membership file!) After you
progress beyond the tutorial stage, you can kill them on your
backup working diskette, leaving just the necessary working
programs.
I would try to describe for you what each program does,
but because they rarely work in isolation, this wouldn't
prove very much. Consider each subordinate program as a
large subroutine or module within the overall program, and
well have a better chance at perspective.
The package I received, version 2.0, came with two
addendum inserts: revisions for owners of 1 .0; and a couple
of added features for the current version. I also received a
call advising of another change. All changes can be easily
made by the owner/ user.
The manual accompanying the product impressed me a
lot. Not just because of its polished look — neatly right-
justified print within a heavy paper blue roll binder — but in
its layout and approach to instruction. It is apparent that the
author put as much thought into the manual as into the
208 the RAINBOW J une, 1 983
program package. It actually teaches you how to use the
product, and with a minimum of conf usion and "say what?"
Repetition is tactfully used throughout to drive points
home.
The manual is broken down nicely into a page of "thanks
for buying my product" and the usual copyright and sales
contract notices, two pages covering a really comprehensive
table of contents, and introduction, 3 1 pages of tutorial, a
good quick reference and some comments on how to get a
well-functioning data base through planning and proper
preparation.
The f ormat of the tutorial section itself is commendable.
Generally, it follows a scheme of program feature (module)
introduction, explanation, and then actions f or you to take.
Bold print is used very effectively throughout. Because of
this hand-holding approach, I had little real difficulty step-
ping through the various stages of creating a file. High
marks for documentation alone!
Don't get me wrong, though. Pro-Col or -File is not a
simple "open, load and run" program. It's not the kind of
program you order the day or week after first getting your
32K CoCo with disk drive and printer. It couldn't be, given
the expected results. Pro- Col or- File is for the person with a
need for a good, sophisticated, user-controllable files man-
agement system, but that person must have some knowledge
of what files management is all about. (The author includes
a short primer on files management in the accompanying
manual.)
Some of Pro-Color- File's features, like formatting a
report using screen "windows" and a unique method of
defining equations, take some getting used to. But, get used
to them you will, because you'll find yourself delving into
this program. And it's not hidden from your view. After
backing up the master diskette and putting it away for
safekeeping, you might ask how a program was designed
which can:
allow as many as 60 different entries per record (you
define);
— index a file by any three fields simultaneously for rapid
direct access in under 10 seconds f or a 1 ,000 record file (with
re-indexing possible at any time);
— have f our screens f or entering inf ormation with optional
password protection, custom color design and rapid switch-
ing during entry and review;
— have five printer report f ormats with built-in features like
selection of line width, lines per page, page numbering,
control codes, and password protection;
— design screen report formats to get totals and averages or
to review only selected fields;
— have 14 user-defined math equations to do addition, sub-
traction, multiplication or division of numeric data;
— and, allow multiple disk drives for maximum storage.
If you've got enough printer paper and want to take the
time, you can look over the program code and perhaps find
the answers to your questions. In fact, the author encour-
ages you to adapt PCF to perform special functions by
LISTmg the appropriate programs and EDITmg them.
After several days of playing with PCF, I finally printed
out several reports on my Line Printer VII using different
formats. When each was exactly as I wanted it, I then went
back and recorded (saved) that particular format to disk.
Now all I have to do is call up a specific screen and report
format and I'm off and running.
I wanted to try some other printers, notably the MX/ FX-
80 and Okidata 82 A, to test and verif y the reported ease with
which they are supported, but, as Murphy's Law would have
it, I couldn't get my hands on them. Judging by the system
for embedding control codes in the printer report program,
though, I have no doubt that Pro-Color-File will in fact
support all of the popular printers.
What problems did I meet? Only two. The section on
defining math f unctions lef t me scratching my head f or a f ew
days because I could not see exactly what the point was. As
is usual with us cyberphiles (like that word?), dogged per-
sistence paid off. The result: ability to enter numerical data
in records and get some outstanding results with ease.
(Notice how I keep using that phrase "with ease?") Kind of
like a spreadsheet within a file. The second? Well, I get kind
of f umbly-f ingered swapping out system and data disks in
my single-drive system. No doubt, I'll get used to it fast,
though, unless Drive 1 drops to below $99.95 (including tax
byte) soon!
I don't suppose you can fully sense my somewhat under-
stated enthusiasm for this product. If you can't, then I'll say
it. I like Pro-Color-File. I like what I can do with it. I like the
fact that now I won't have to write a program for each
unique filing problem anymore. I like the overall profes-
sionalism attained by its creator. And I agree with him when
he says, perhaps with a little bias, in his full-page ad, "If
you're through playing games and are ready to get serious
about software, then Pro-Color-File is for you." I like it and
think you will too. It's definitely a gigantic step for the
serious CoCo users.
(Derringer Software, P.O. Box 5300, Florence, SC 29502,
(803) 665-5676, $79.95 on disk only)
Y-PAK Dual Slot Expander
for Radio Shacks Color Computer
Have your Disk and Cartridge too!
Select between 2 Cartridge slots with one
switch and control the Auto Start with
the other switch.
$70.°-° Complete
USER-PAK for Color Computer
Your own RAM/EPROM Cartridge
Cartridge holds two 2732s, or any combination
Of four 2716s/6116Ts.
$30.°i> less RAM/EPROM
$90°P with 8K RAM
EPROMs burned from your CC cassette.
Write for details.
B. Erickson
P.O.Box 11099 Dept. RB
Chicago, IL. 60611
June, 1983 the RAINBOW 209
Outlook Is Bright
For 'Smart' DMP-200
By John Fernald
I feel that it is appropriate for me to preface this review
with a brief overview of my experience, to assist the reader in
assessing the relative value of my comments.
I consider myself to be a rank novice in the field of
computing, having owned a 32K Extended Color Computer
for somewhat less than 10 months. My initial "set-up"
included the computer, the CTR-80A cassette recorder and
a Line Printer VII. After about six months of operation I
acquired a Disk 0 system, and several weeks ago I further
strained my wife's patience as well as the family budget by
purchasing a new D MP-200. If my "expertise" only matched
the quality of my equipment, I am certain that this would be
a much more probative review. The one thing I feel that is
favorable to my viewpoint lies in the fact that my experience
level probably equates to that of a sizeable portion of the
magazine's readership. At any rate, I hope that the f ollowing
comments will be meaningful, or, more importantly, helpful
to those readers interested in this hardware item.
Last week, after what seemed like an intolerable wait, I
began unpacking the newly arrived object of this submis-
sion. The first unpacking steps (Numbers 1 -9) are outlined in
a set of instructions which include an exploded view of the
printer and the associated packing materials. The directions
are okay, but I recommend a review of pages 1-5 of the
WICO
c o
AND
CONTROL
The arcade joystick
comes to the home.
The arcade is where the video game craze
began where the most advanced electron
technology was developed
Now. WICO brings the excitement and
challenge of the arcade to your home
WICO. the world s largest designer - =.. kJ
manufacturer of controls for arc fiJe games
brings 42 years of experifncL u>
Command Control You oot
accuracy arcade <.,ontr<~
arcade durability
Commiirw Ctjntr:;: .]
tur- . ^ps "-a*L? v""i
ADAPTOR FOR
RADIO SHACK* TRS80*
COLOR COMPUTER
Dealer Inquires Invited
COMPUTERWARE
®
Ba* fiSfi Encrvias. CA 92itf4 (619)436-3512
Computerware is a trademark of Computerware
enclosed operator's manual upon reaching unpacking
instruction number 7.
When you have successfully released your new "pride and
joy," set it aside, get a cup of coffee or something and sit
down with the operator's manual. If you are anything like
me, afflicted with a terminal case of "I want to see it work"-
itis, take a deep breath, a tranquilizer or whatever helps, and
thoroughly read pages 7 though 18 of the manual. This
activity will take you from a power-up checklist through
tractor and ribbon installation, paper loading, print func-
tion and character switch selection, and finally a power-up
and self test sequence. By the way, if you are using standard
8!^"-by-l 1" fan fold paper, the "self -test sequence" (which
requires 10-inch wide paper) will work just fine. A successful
"self -test" can be used to print sample lines of each type
character by employing the yellow rotary character selection
switch on the rear of the printer, but more on this in a
moment. A completion of the test sequence calls for compu-
ter hook-up, which is via the standard 4-pin DIN cable (RS
No. 26-3020) for Color Computers, followed by complete
system power-up, and you're "off to the races."
At this point, I think it would be appropriate to provide
you with a description of the features which make this
printer a quantum jump ahead of my old Line Printer VII.
The DMP-200 is a high density, dot-matrix printer, capable
of creating characters on dot-matrixes ranging from 9X8 to
a variable 15X9. This flexibility permits construction of
Proportional spaced, Monospaced (Normal, Condensed
and Compressed), Correspondence quality, and Graphic
characters. It does this at print speeds ranging from 120 cps
(Standard) or 70 cps (Correspondence Quality) to 35 cps
(Elongated Correspondence Quality) on roll, single sheet or
tractor feed paper. The DMP-200 will print one original and
two copies on (11 lb) non-carbon type paper, a significant
improvement over the LP VII.
Externally, the 200 is about 50 percent larger than the 1 00,
and weighs a few more pounds. While the LP VII and
DMP-100 are conspicuously free of external controls, the
200 sports several very nice user-operated f unction switches.
These controls are found in two external areas on the print-
er. First, on the upper lef t f ront of the device you will find the
"Paper Feed Switch" and the "Power On" & "Alert Indica-
tor" lights. The right side of the device houses the "Platen
Pressure Lever," "Paper Bail Lever," and the "Paper Feed
Knob." The only other "easily accessible" control, the
"Power On-Of f Switch," is slightly recessed on the lower left
side of the unit.
The balance of the operator controls are f ar less accessible
and, in my opinion, represent the printer's most undesirable
characteristic. These controls include the "Function Selec-
tion (DIP) Switch" and the "Rotary Character Selector
Switch." The DIP switch is actually a small (very small!)
panel containing eight (even smaller!) up-down/ on-off tog-
gle type switches. These switches control the following: (1)
Carriage Return and Line Feed operation, (2) Data/ Word
Processing mode, (3) 1200/600 Baud operation (serial inter-
face mode), (4) Parallel. Serial Interface, (5) European Sym-
bol/ Japanese KANA mode, while switches (6), (7), and (8)
are not used. Generally speaking, the user will be faced with
changing only two of these switches, the "Data/ Word Pro-
cessing" swich and the "Baud Rate" switch. When the
printer is connected and ready for use with either roll or
tractor-feed paper, these switches are virtually inaccessible.
Af ter turning off the printer and moving the paper or printer
(or both), you must first position yourself to see the panel
21 0 the RAINBOW J une, 1 983
COLOR COMPUTER VOICE SYNTHESIZER
AK
IMEW!
HARDWARE FEATURES
• A COMPLETE PHONEME BASED VOICE SYNTHESIZER IN A CARTRIDGE STYLE PAK
• COLORSPEAK HAS ITS PROGRAM IN ROM, SO ITS INSTANTLY THERE ON TURN ON!
• COLORSPEAK HAS ITS OWN 2K RAM. IT REOUIRES NO MEMORY!
• USES THE VOTRAX«"» SC01 PHONEME SYNTHESIZER CHIP
• WORKS IN ALL COLOR COMPUTERS. ANY MEMORY SIZE, EITHER BASIC!
SOFTWARE FEATURES
• TEXT TO SPEECH MODE:CONVERTS PLAIN ENGLISH TEXT 10 SPEECH!
• INFLECTION MODE: ADDS VOICE INFLECTION TO TEXT TO SPEECH MODE
• PHONEME MODE ALLOWS PROGRAMMING THE SC01 DIRECTLY IN PHONEMES
• SPELLING MODE: SPELLS TEXT AND PRONOUNCES MOST PUNCTUATION
USER FR I ENDLY iCOLORSPE AK IS THE EASY TO USE VOICE SYNTHESIZER WITH
ALL FEATURES EASILY ACCESSIBLE FROM BASIC. SIMPLY PUT THE WORD OR PHRASE
TO SPEAK IN A STRING NAMED TALKS. THEN CALL THE USR ROUTINE TO SPEAK THE
TEXT! ALL OF BASICS STRING MANIPULATIONS ARE APPLICABLE COLORSPEAK COMES
WITH A DETAILED USER MANUAL AND PHONEME DICTIONARY.
PO BOX 25427 CHICAGO IL 60625
PRICE $169
USER MANUAL $4
ARCADE ACTIOIM
IMOVA- PIIMB ALL
AN EXCITING NEW PINBALL SIMULATION FOR THE
COLOR COMPUTER! WITH ALL THE ACTION THAT S
MADE IT AN ALL TIME FAVORITE* $20
CYBORG WARS
Your mission is to destroy all robots and save the
surviving humans Watch tor the missle tiring BRAINS
and the fatal touch of the HULKS* $18 \q
MAC
Great PAC MAN action!
Race around the track with a computer controlled
car in pursuit Like the arcade, DODGE -EM? $14
H D PpY
GUIOE HOPPY SAFELY HOME TO HIS
DOCK TRAVEL ACROSS A HIGHWAY AND
HOP ON LOGS A TURTLES TO GET THERE!
LIKE THE ARCADE! $18
/ -n
ALL
PROGRAMS
MACHINE
LANGUAGE
■
REQUIRE
16ti
DEALER. AUTHOR INQUIRIES INVITED
and then use a slender pointed article (i.e. a pen or pencil) to
reposition the appropriate switch(es). Fortunately, these
operations can be changed through computer inputs. A
review of pages 45-47 (Appendix A/ Control Code Sum-
mary) in the operator's manual indicates a PRINT #-2,
C HR% 1 9 entry will place the device in the "Data Processing"
mode, while CHRS20 changes the mode to "Word Process-
ing/' regardless of the DIP switch setting. Since the 80CC
defaults to 600 baud on a power-up and in view of the
printer's ability to operate at 1200 baud or 600 baud, the
operator must do one of the f olio wing. Set the printer to 600
baud with the DIP switch and operate in this manner. Set
the DIP switch to 1200 baud and employ software (i.e. word
processor or terminal program) which provides for baud
rate selection. Or set printer to 1200 baud and after compu-
ter start-up enter "POKE 150,41 "placing your CoCo in the
1200 baud output mode, allowing you to LLIS T programs
at 120 cps in the "Standard" mode with no software support.
The"Rotary Character Selector Switch" is located next to
the DIP switch panel, between the cable connector and the
DIP panel. This switch is also quite small and equally inac-
cessible. It has 10 positions, ranging from 0 to 9, producing
the following character/ styles; 0-Standard/ lOcpi, 1-
Compressed (Elite)/ 12cpi, 2-Condensed 16/7cpi, 3-
Proportional, 4 through 7-Correspondence quality/ lOcpi,
8-Standard/ lOcpi, and 9*Compressed (Elite)/ 12cpi.
Although this switch is difficult to reach, with or without
paper installed, it can be positioned by touch since each of
the 10 selections has a "feelable" detent position. The printer
defaults on start up to the rtiode selected, however, as in the
DIP selector, the character mode can be changed through
software or user program inputs. As indicated above, the
print cable connects at the center rear of the printer and
DISK ZIPPER
COIOH DISK UTILLITY PACKAGE
A MENU DRIVEN SYSTEM DISK CONTAINING •
ERROR C* ASHLESS BACKUP ! DUAL AND SINGLE DRIVE
WRITE OR READ ANY SECTOR =CHECK DISK FOR ERRORS
PAGE DISK THROUGH ANY PMODE WINDOW IN COLOR
DUMP DISK IN HEX OR ASCII PRINTER SUPORTED
LOAD ML TAPE TO DISK RELOCATES UNLOADABLES
WITH COMPLETE MANUAL : REQS3&K RS OtSK
ONLY
ARCADE - CONTROLS/
WICO MADE JOYSTICK INTERFACE 1 TWIN STICKS**
ALLOWS ANY TWO JOYSTICKS TO WORK ON THE
COLOR COMPUTER: ONLY1B.BS
ACC-U-FIRE PADDELS/ ATARI-TYPE GAME PADDELS PLUG INTO COLOR -
COMPUTER FOR IMPROVING SCORES.' WORKS ON HOR. ft VERT. GAMES.
ONLY $19.95!
HARDWARE!
ROMPACK EXTENDER : PUT YOUR DISK PACK
WHERE YOU WANT IT: 3 FEET LONG
QUALITY CABLE ONLY &7.00
GREEN -PHOSPHER ADAPTER / NOW PRINT GREEN ON BLACK SCREEN'
ALL HARDWARE, NO SOFTWARE.' NO SOLDERING.' AND ONLY $19.95/
WORKS ON ANY TV: SMALL BOARD G OES ON THE
RF SHIELD: ONLY THREE WIRE CLIPS
EPROM PROOR AMINO ! BK 4K.BK BYTES
WE WILL PROGRAM YOUR EPROM FOR B.OO
SEND US ONE OF YOUR GAME PACKS AND WE Will PUT YOUR
PROGRAM IN IT FOR ONLY BO.OO
CALL OR WRITE FOR DETAILS
YOU CAN PRINT VlOTEX FROM ROMPACK
WICO COMMAND CONTROL STICK HBOO OUR SOFTWARE ALLOWS YOU TO
WICO REDBALL STICK 3400 PRINT OFF LINE FROM VIDTEX
WICO. TRACKBALL BfiOO WITH SERIAL Y CABLE : 29.05
ATARI* JOYSTICKS $6.95/ WITHOUT CABLE * . 95
WE CARRY TOM-MIX ft MARK- DATA.
ZAXXON : DATASOFT 34. SB MICRO ~ Dl V Tol«do,Ohio 43612
DONKEY KING $24.95 ^ , acitcv 1 " 419- 476 6282
PROTECTORS. 24.95 450 w
ASTRO -BLAST 24.95
SPACE RAIDERS 24.95
MOON-LANDER E.B. 19.95 C.O.D. Credit Card
HAYWIRE 24.95 orders accepted /add $2.00 shipping
ask for Mrcno-oiv.
212
cannot help but interfere with tractor-feed paper placement
and operation. This may also be a problem, albeit a smaller
one, with roll paper in use. I cannot understand, perhaps
because I am not a design engineer, why it would be so
difficult to install the cable connection on the right side of
the printer where it would be more convenient for a "printer
on the left" arrangement. Before leaving the area of "exter-
nal controls" I should mention the f act that the same people
who put the cable receptacle, DIP and Character Selector
switches on the back have installed a miniature DIP and
Character Selector switch instruction sheet underneath the
printer's top cover. This is a very beneficial feature as it saves
a lot of looking around for the manual while trying to print
out a letter or list a program.
Under the protective cover of the printer we also find two
additional operator controls. First, the tractor feed assem-
bly, which can be easily removed or reinstalled as the need
arises for paper type changes (roll, fan-fold or single sheet).
Secondly, the "Print Head Control Lever," which controls
print head to paper pressure during ribbon change and
printing operations. It must be properly adjusted by the user
to preclude damage to the print head, resulting from too
little pressure or print smudging, caused by excessive pres-
sure. The printer comes with a "ribbon cassette" assembly
which is easily installed and replaced (RS Refill Pack No.
26-1489). The ribbon life will depend on the type (graphics,
text, program listings, etc.) and frequency of printer opera-
tions. Similarly, the print head life will vary with use but is
projected by Radio Shack f or 2,000 hours. According to the
manual, this figure equates to 32 months, with an average
utilization of two hours per day. I feel that most home
computer enthusiasts operate their printers at less than a
two hour per day average and should therefore anticipate a
print head life in excess of three years.
The final and perhaps the most important area I should
like to address centers on the DMP-200's status as one of a
number of "smart" printers. As a "smart" printer the 200 has
the ability, through software program control, to change
virtually all print functions during normal operation. The
device utilizes a 2,000-byte buffer to store, and transmit to
the print head, a total of 330 ROM based, dot matrix,
character patterns, and over 30 printer control codes.
Appendix A and Appendix B of the manual provide com-
plete listings of "control codes" and "character sets,*' along
with their respective decimal and hexidecimal equivalents.
For example, sending the printer a control code of
DECIMAL 15 (HEX OF) during print operation will
immediately invoke the underline function. This function
will continue until the printer receives a control code input
of DECIMAL 14 (HEX OE). Each of these functions is
attainable as long as the printer is functioning in either the
data or the word processing mode, but not in the graphics
mode. Some of the more important software control codes
f ound in the table provide back spacing, variable line feeds,
print elongation, print head positioning, bold type, reverse
line feeds, and repeat print.
In addition to these tools the 200 offers sof tware access to
the f ull set of ASCII characters, a set of block graphic codes
and a set of European symbols. This means that in addition
to all the ASCII characters normally available through
computer keyboard entry (upper and lower case), a large
number of other characters are available through software
or program manipulation. In other words, documents which
require a "one fourth" fraction, "Pound Sterling," "Trade
Mark," or "Copyright" symbol can be prepared with prof es-
sional reproductions of these characters. Many of the char-
the RAINBOW June, 1983
Color Computer Power! 1
DATAFILE
$24.95
A unique, multipurpose data storage system. DATAFILE is a
sophisticated, non-formatted type database, with user-defined
categories. It performs string searches, deletes, sorts, merges
and prints in various formats. Using your disk drive, DATAFILE
works with files larger than available RAM. Save and load flies
from tape or disks. Line edit, change or add data commands.
Numerically labels all records. Displays remaining memory
available. DATAFILE is ideal for mailing lists, cataloguing, sales
files, record systems, etc. Complete documentation, on-screen
help and a sample file are included.
DATAFILE 64k
$29.95
All the features of the above with much more memory space.
Ideal for small business applications. Documentation is avail-
able for $5. and is refundable with your order.
. xxxxxxxxx ■: ■: x x x x x x
. i > x x x x x x ■: ■: ■: x x x x y x
x x x x :■ > y> > yy> x> y x x '
x S x x x x y x :■ $.< x x x x x x
■: ■: ■: ■. ■: x ■: x x x x x x :
x x x x :■ > y\$ i-x^xxx^a
: :: : :xxxxxxxxx: : :xxxxx
:■>■:■:
■: x x
■:■■■: x
x x x x
x x ■: x
\ x a x
x x x x
x x x a
x x x a
■:■>■■ ^
■:■:■:■>
■:■:■:■:
■:■:■:■:
\\x ■
>■:■■:
■■:■■>■
> > > :
> > > >
> > > >
x x y y
x x x y
x x x x
x x x x
x x x x
x x x x
x x x x
x^x/:
■ ■:■:■>■
< $ < ■
: x x x :
y>\:
<> > m
< < x ■
■: x ■: ■
x x ■: ■
x x x j-
x x x >
x x x >
x x x >
x x x >
x x x >
x x x >
■/X'X'X"
X X X X
X X X X
DISKPRO
$29.95
No more crashed disks! This program could be a lifesaver. DISKPRO
creates back-ups of your disk directory and allocation tables. Disk
crashes are easily restored with DISKPRO. Also included is INDEX, a
directory utility program. Both programs come on disk with complete
documentation.
': > x x
■■xxx
■. > x x
■ > > y
• > > >
< X X X
X X X X
X X X X
x x x y
x x x x
x x x x
X X X X
■"XXX
Draw electronic circuits with our...
tlectronics
Drafting ffoartf
You can design wiring diagrams easily with our Electronics
Drafting Board. Create complex electronic plans, label com-
ponents, erase, etc. and then have a finished schematic from
your printer. Screen print routine and disk I/O included. Comes
with sample schematic file and excellant documentation. Elec-
tronics Drafting Board is fun to use and will save you hours of
work.
*6 viewing windows on a 480X540 pixel work sheet* Joystick or
arrow-key control*Text labels components on screen* Ali elec-
tronic symbols*Complete documentation with onscreen help-
*Prints finished schematic to any Epson MX (with Graftrax) or
Radio Shack printer*Dlsk save/load.
Requirements: 64K Color Computer with Extended Basic, disk
drive and (optional) printer. $39.95 includes operating manual,
program on disk, postage & handling.
■■ > X X X X X
> > y x x x x
> > > x x x x
■> ■>
■> ■>
. x y x '
..■xxxx-:-:
X KaXX ■. ■.
. -:xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
. -:aX.:xxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxx> xxxxxxx
xxx> x> x> > > \y> yyyy
:xxxxxxxxxx> yy> > y>
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx ■: ■:
XaXXXaXxxxxxxxxx:
.-. .-. .-. .-. .-. :■: :■. :■: :■. .-. :■: :■:
■ a y x j- yy
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxx>>>x>>>x>xxyy
XXX V X VVV ■
... ... ... ... ... ...
' A X A X A "." \
-v >■> > xxxx ■: AAfKKX ■:
/> xxxxxxx
PAINTPOT
Bring out the artist in you and your family! With PAINTPOT you can create fast, effortless sketches and
drawings. PAINTPOTgivesyou joystick or keyboard control on 4 screens. (3 screens on 16K)Thereare4
cans of paint to play with! A touch of a key starts animation effects flashing from screen to screen.
Your works of art can be saved or loaded from cassette or disk and, with our Screen Print Program (see
below) you can have a hard copy on your printer. PAINTPOT comes with complete documentation and a
help screen is available. Great fun for kids and creative adults!
$24.95 on cassette, $29.95 on disk. Both 16 & 32K on the same tape/disk. Extended Basic required.
... ... ... ... .;. ... ... ...
XXXXXXXX
. ji ji \ .". .".
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx - -*
xxx*xxxxS > y > >
xxx>.x> > y >>>>>> >
'< j-. y. y. :: j-. j-. y. \ j- XaaaXxx: -aaXXaaXXXXXX < < $ < .
aXaXa"asjX\\jj\j -
^ \ "I y. y. y ■■■ ^
xxx> xxx> xxxxxx> *
:-:-:-:-:xxxx-:xxx-:-:-:-: f
; ■. $ -.xxxxxxxxxxxx ■: ■:
> >■ v j- v . j-.
:■>■>■>■>
■xx**
..x.x.-:.x
> x x x
x y x x
> > x x
■: x. ■> *
< \ < <
<y. < <
■. x x x j-
■ ^. > x j-
: x ^ ■> ■:
: x x ■: ■:
: x x x x
y x x x
y y XX
X X X X
> y x x
■> -X X >
x x x ■:
x y x ■:
> x x x
> y x x
> x x x
j- a X X
y x x x
x x x x
x x x x
x x x x
x x x x
X X X X
x x x ■:
& \ JV $
x x x ■:
■ ■> > >
■
■ ■> > >
■> X
x ■: ■: ^
SCREEN PRINT $14.95
For use with Epson MX -80/100 printers. Three Drintformats, all versions of Basic, PMODES0,2,3&4. Normal or negative image.
Complete documentation. Many useful features!
TTD $14.95 DTT $14.95
Transfer your programs to disk or tape effortlessly. Allows you to Individually select or mass copy programs.
SPIDER ATTACK $14.95
Shoot-em up action! Try to stop our invading spiders with your joy-stick controlled laser gun. Watch out you don't get eaten!
MILLBORN $14.95
Like to play cards? From France we bring you this popular card game for COCO. Lots of fun!
BEETHOVEN'S FIFTH $14.95
WILLIAM TELL OVERTURE $14.95
You really won't believe the incredible music coming from your Color Computer! "It is without a doubt the best emampie of computar music I've ever heard." (Color Computer News
magazine) Now you can enjoy these high quality machine language programs at an affordable price. Specify Beethoven or William Tell when ordering. Two versions, 16 & 32K
available on the same tape or disk.
BLACKBOX
$69.96 each $725.00 for two
Transmit your programs, machine language, basic or flies over the phone. And you don't need a modem! Switch on BLACKBOX and when you load or save a program, you
automatically have a copy at a friend's house. Two BLACKBOX's are needed, one for each end of the connection.
STARS
$19.95
Educational and entertaining. STARS creates a dome of the ntatttsky on your TV. Constellations, stars and other naked eye objects are drawn using E tended Resolution graphics.
Horizon views show planet positions after sunset. Detailed documentation.
COLORSHOW $14.95
Music, Color and your COCO! Just load in COLORSHOW, connect the small recorder plug to your stereo (or simply put a musical tape in your computer's tape recorder) and watch the
fun. Having a party? Turn off the room lights and turn up the music.
Add $1.50 postage on each software. Programs available on disk for $5. extra. We pay high royalties to software authors. For more information on this or any
of our products, write!
Dept. T, 4653 Jeanne Mance St.,
Montreal, Quebec, Canada H2V 4J5
*
acters available will probably not be used by the average
home or small business operator, but those documents
which do require them will be much more professional in
appearance.
The Radio Shack people have provided us with what I
believe to be a well constructed and versatile printer, capable
of producing high quality, dot matrix style documents.
However, the 200's ability to provide the user with optimum
support will depend heavily on the type and quality of
software support employed. At this point, I would like to
give credit to the company whose software I have employed
to complete this review. The article, as well as the hardware
testing functions conducted during its preparation, were
completed using the Super Color Writer II by Nelson Soft-
ware Systems. My "SCW" (disk version) is an outstanding
product, designed to support the "smart" printer through
use of software selectable control codes, which are easily
imbedded in the text during document preparation. This
permits effective use of those characters which are not avail-
able on the keyboard, as well as functions like underlining
and bold printing.
This review has intentionally provided little in the way of
comparative data between the DMP-200 and other printers
of similar cost and construction. Those minor comparisons
with the LP VII and the DMP-100 were provided for those
readers who, like me, may consider this product as a poten-
tial replacement for, or alternative to, one of these units. I
feel that the 200 will prove to be a reasonably priced, fast,
and dependable printer, having the added benefit of being a
product of the company which has created the most power-
ful and reasonably priced personal computer marketed
today.
PEACOCK ENTERPRISES
WE'RE PROUD
CMAIL1ST IS A GREAT ADVENTURE
BUT NOT AN ADVENTURE GAME!
An Address Book, Phone Book, Mail Label Generator
and a whole lot more.
CMA1L1ST is a powerful and professional MINI-DATA-BASE
for home or office use. CREATE, ADD, DELETE, CHANGE,
INSPECT, SEARCH, SORT, MAILING LABELS, TICKER FILE,
and INVOICE all so easily, you'll wonder why you waited so long!
Up to 500 RECORDS containing 10 FIELDS can be stored per file
(memory and system dependent).
CMA1L1ST is available in the following versions:
4.0 Cassette Systems (specify 16K or 32K) $19.95
5.0 Disk Systems $24.95
5.1 2 Drive Disk Systems with INVOICing $29.95
CMAILIST includes an easy to follow Comprehensive Manual
& 1 year warranty.
SO JOIN THE GREATEST ADVENTURE OF ALL-YOU WILL BE A
WINNER!
$565 serial
C.ITOH ProWriters $4« h Parallel
SEND FOR FREE CATALOG!
Prices Include Shipping! COD Accepted on Software only!
Send check or money orders to:
PEACOCK ENT.
194 CANNONGATE 111 ROAD
NASHUA, NH 03063
603-880-8169 Mon-Sat 10-10
compulse tie
TAPES & DISKS
100% ERROR-FREE
FULLY GUARANTEED
The Micro-Trac Generation
Used by Software Firms & Computer Hobbyists
Choice of School Districts Nationwide
r
CASSETTES
MINI
12-PAK
1
STANDARD
24-PAK
C*05
...S .79
$ .59
C- 1 0
.89
S .69
C<20. . .
. S .99 .
$ .89
C-30
. . . $1.29
$1.09
Custom Cases
...$ .26
$ .21
Casts recommended to protect sensitive
cassettes
5Va 'DISKETTES
MINI
5-PAK
STANDARD
10-PAK*
Soft Sector
Single Sided
^S/D Density
$14.95
$26.95 J
* 1 0 PAK w/custom library case, add S3.00
— UPS SHIPPING —
(No. P.O. Boxes please)
$3.00 per pack
— Canadian shipping multiply by 2 —
No. 1 Magnetic Media in the USA!
— Write for volume prices —
TOLL-FREE
(orders only)
1-800-528-6050
ext. 3005
In Arizona State
1-800*352-0458
ext. 3005
MICRO-80tm|NC
E. 2665 Busby Road
Oak Harbor. WA 98277
1(206)675-6143
214 the RAINBOW June, 1983
TRS-80 COLOR
AARDVARK
COMMODORE 24 VIC-20
SINCLAIR/TIMEX TI99
QUEST - A NEW IDEA IN ADVENTURE
GAMES! Different from all the others.
Quest is played on a computer generated
map of Alesia. Your job is to gather men
and supplies by combat, bargaining, explor-
ation of ruins and temples and outright
banditry. When your force is strong enough,
you attack the Citadel of Moorlock in a
life or death battle to the finish. Playable
in 2 to 5 hours, this one is different every
time. 16k TI99, TRS-80 Color, and Sinclair,
13K VIC-20. $14.95 each.
32K TRS 80 COLOR Version $24.95.
Adds a second level with dungeons and
more Que&ting.
CATERPILLAR
O.K., the Caterpillar does look a lot like a
Centipede. We have spiders, falling fleas,
monsters traipsing across the screen, poison
mushrooms, and a lot of other familiar
stuff. COLOR 80 requires 16k and Joy-
sticks. This is Edson's best game to date.
$19195 for TRS 80 COLOR.
ADVENTURES! ! !
The Adventures below are written in BASIC,
are full featured, fast action, full plotted ad-
ventures that take 30-50 hours to play. (Ad-
ventures are interactive fantasies. It's like
reading a book except that you are the main
character as you give the computer, com-
mands like "Look in the Coffin" and*"Light
the torch.")
Adventuring requires 16k on Sinclair,
TRS-80, and TRS-80 Color. They require 8k
on OSI and 13k on VIC-20. Sinclair requires
extended BASIC. Now available for TI99.
Any Commodore 64.
$14.95 Tape - $19.95 Disk.
ESCAPE FROM MARS
(by Rodger Olsen)
This ADVENTURE takes place on the RED
PLANET. You'll have to explore a Martian
city and deal with possibly hostile aliens to
survive this one. A good first adventure.
PYRAMID (by Rodger Olsen)
This is our most challenging ADVENTURE.
It is a treasure hunt in a pyramid full of
problems. Exciting and tough!
DERELICT
(by Rodger Olsen & Bob Anderson)
New winner in the toughest adventure from
Aardvark sweepstakes. This one takes place
on an alien ship that has been deserted for a
thousand years — and is still dangerous!
Dungeons of Death — Just for the 16k TRS-
80 COLOR, this is the first D&D type game
good enough to qualify at Aardvark. This is
serious D&D that allows 1 to 6 players to go
on a Dragon Hunting, Monster Killing, Dun-
geon Exploring Quest. Played on an on-
screen map, you get a choice of race and
character (Human, Dwarf, Soldier, Wizard,
etc.), a chance to grow from game to game,
and a 15 page manual. At the normal price
for an Adventure ($14.95 tape, $19.95 disk),
this is a giveaway.
PLANET RAIDERS - Not just another de-
fenders copy, this is an original program
good in its own right. You pilot a one man
ship across a planetary surface dogfighting
with alien ships and blasting ground installa-
tions while you rescue stranded troopers.
Rescue all the troopers and be transported
to another harder, faster battle. Joysticks
required. ALL MACHINE CODE! EDSONS
BEST! 16K Tape TRS80COLOR $19.95 -
32K Disk $21.95.
BASIC THAT ZOOOMMS!!
AT LAST AN AFFORDABLE COMPILER!
The compiler allows you to write your
programs in easy BASIC and then auto-
matically generates a machine code equiv-
alent that runs 50 to 150 times faster.
It does have some limitations. It takes at
least 8k of RAM to run the compiler and it
does only support a subset of BASIC—
about 20 commands including FOR, NEXT,
END, GOSUB, GOTO, IF, THEN, RETURN,
END, PRINT, STOP, USR (X), PEEK,
POKE, *,/,+, -, >, < ,=, VARIABLE
NAMES A-Z, SUBSCRIPTED VARIABLES,
and INTEGER NUMBERS FORM 0-64K.
TINY COMPILER is written in BASIC. It
generates native, relocatable 6502 or 6809
code. It comes with a 20-page manual and
can be modified or augmented by the user.
$24.95 on tape or disk for OSI, TRS-80
Color, VIC 20, or Commodore 64.
SEAWOLFE - ALL MACHINE CODE In
this high speed arcade game, you lay out
patterns of torpedoes ahead of the attacking
PT boats. Requires Joysticks, at least 13k
RAM, and fast reflexes. Lots of Color and
Sound. A fun game. Tape or Disk for Vic20,
Commodore 64, and TRS-80 Color.
$14.95 Tape - $19.95 Disk.
Dealers — We have the best deal going for
you. Good discounts, exchange programs,
and factory support. Send for Dealer Infor-
mation.
WIZARDS TOWER - This is very similar to
Quest (see above). We added wizards, magic,
dragons, and dungeons to come up with a
Quest with a D&D flavor. It requires 16k
extended color BASIC. $14.95 Tape,
$19.95 Disk. VIC 20 Commodore 64.
Please specify system on all orders
Authors — Aardvark pays the highest com-
missions in the industry and gives programs
the widest possible advertising coverage.
Send a Self Addressed Stamped Envelope
for our Authors Information Package.
Adventures and Quest now available
for TI99
ALSO FROM AARDVARK — This is only a partial list of what we carry. We have a lot of other games (particularly for the
TRS-80 Color and OSI), business programs, blank tapes and disks and hardware. Send $1.00 for our complete catalog.
AARDVARK
2352 S. Commerce, Walled Lake, Ml 48088 / (313) 669-3110
Phone Orders Accepted 8:00 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. EST. Mon.-Fri.
$2.00 shipping on each order
RAINBOW
CtfttlFlCATIOM
Telewriter-64: Big Time,
'Big K' Word Processing
The prime goal of a text/ word processor is to facilitate the
processing of textual data for the purpose of documenta-
tion, communication or text editing functions. Most text
editors do an adequate j ob of preparing text files f or input to
various compilers and assemblers. However, they leave a lot
to be desired when it comes to perf orming such f unctions as
documentation and written communication. A good word
processor will perform both of these functions very nicely.
Telewriter-64 is a full word processor offering all the stand-
ard functions expected in a full-sized processor.
Telewriter-64 comes in either a cassette or disk version.
The version being used for this review is the disk version.
The processor comes on a 5!4" floppy. The manual is divided
into two sections. The first section contains a tutorial on the
use of Telewriter-64. This section is well written and is
designed to walk someone, who has had absolutely no expe-
rience with word processors, through its application. The
tutorial section is 53 pages long. The first 18 pages are
dedicated to using the Editor function, the heart of the
processor. The remaining pages go into a detailed descrip-
tion of the other processor functions. The tutorial section
follows the reference manual in layout and provides an
adequate description of each function and its use. The
second section is a reference manual designed f or those who
are already familiar with word processors and need only to
i - -
CONVERT YOUR PICTURES
INTO BARD COPT
CATCH THAT COLOR PM0DE3
PICTURE ON PAPER (USING
A CGP-115 COLOR PLOTTER)
• Machine language subroutines
for speed
•Auto start from cassette
•Works with Micro Painter
•Will print pictures from
cassette
• Includes sample picture -
American Flag
Just $H*95 Plus $1.50 postage
and handling
To: All-American Ultralight
Industries/ (AUI)
1144 Kingston Ln.
Ventura, Calif, 93001
know the command syntax being used.
Telewriter-64 is a screen editor. A screen editor is one in
which the data is always present and can be scrolled through
both backwards and forwards. Thus, if for some reason you
should decide you want to change a sentence or word in any
of the text, it is a simple matter to do so. All one has to do is
position the cursor to the section of text to be modified and
perform the desired function. Then move the cursor back to
the original point and proceed. Telewriter-64 offers all the
standard text processing commands of insert, delete, block
copy, block delete, block move, paging, string find, page
forward, and adjustable tab stops. In addition, it also offers
a speed mode, high density mode, search for special charac-
ters, global search and replace, and a wild card search.
The high density function offers three different screen
displays. The normal display is 51 x 24. That is, each line is
5 1 characters wide, with 24 lines being displayed at one time.
The other displays offered are 64 x 24 and 85 x 24. The 5 1 x
24 is easily readable on a standard TV screen. The 64 x 24 is
still readable, but has started to lose some of its sharpness.
The 85 x 24 is very hard to read, but it serves a very special
purpose. If the document you are preparing is to contain any
form of tabular data or specially prepared diagrams, the 85 x
24 display will allow you to examine the display without
actually having to print it.
Another departure from other word processors is
Telewriter-64^ absence of a moving window. Use of the
different display sizes and the ability to reformat the text at
any time makes the moving window unnecessary. If you are
using a line length longer than 85 characters, the editor uses
a continuation line to show where the right margin is. It
requires some getting used to, but once you have made the
adjustment it is very smooth.
The wild card search allows you to perform a find on a
given string with I don 't care positions in the string. Suppose
you wanted to find all occurrences of "thier" or "their. " You
would specify a wild card search using the caret for the /
don 't care positions. The search word would be "th(caret)
(caret) r." The speed mode is used when the text buffer
becomes quite large and you are typing quite fast. Suppose
you had a large buffer of data already entered and you
discovered you had omitted a paragraph way back at the
beginning. When you go back to perform the insert func-
tion, and you are entering data at a pretty good pace, you
may notice that not everything you typed is getting entered.
The reason for the lost data is Telewriter-64 cannot get the
large screen repositioned in time to be ready for your next
character, thus some characters are missed. To overcome
this problem they have incorporated a speed mode. The data
is entered, in the case of our paragraph, as if it were the only
text in memory. When you are finished the entire block is
entered and the large text buffer is reformatted just once.
Telewriter-64 performs its own I/O handling. One nice
feature incorporated into its routines is its ability to handle
cassette errors. Suppose the tape is in the middle of a file and
you want to locate a different file you know is further down
the tape. In BASIC, you are required to continually re-enter
the SAf/PFcommand until you reach the header record for a
file. Telewriter-64 knows how to search down the tape look-
ing for the header record of the file you are looking for. It
will only "error out" when it cannot find any data on the
tape, ie a blank tape. The 1/ O f unctions include saving a file,
partial save to a file, read-in a file, append files and verify a
file. The last function, verifying a file, is important to
cassette based systems. The verify command allows you to
216 the RAINBOW June, 1983
ELIMINATE
THE CLUTTER
n - 1 1 -
»■ t
THE ORGANIZER
ALBUMS TO HOLD YOUR CASSETTES
Store and organize your cassette library. The Organizer is
constructed of black vinyl with rigid molded plastic frame to
prevent crushing. Label holder welded on the spine for quick
identification of contents. Order albums filled with BASF-
DPS, C- 10 tapes and get an even better deal!
Item Price
Organizer- 1 2 with Tapes
Organizer- 1 2 without Tapes
Organizer-6 with Tapes
Organizer-6 without Tapes
$12.95
$6.95
$8.95
$4.95
Shipping: $2.00 for first item + $.50 for each additional item.
THE COCO-SWITCHER
A QUALITY PIECE OF HARDWARE
The CoCo Switcher allows you to hook up three peripherials
to your RS-232 jack. Connect your modem, printer and any
other RS-232 compatible peripherial to the CoCo Switcher.
Select among these peripherials at the flick of a switch on the
front of the GoGo Switcher or turn them all off. No more
scrambling around behind your computer. No more risk of
harming your computer's RS-232 port. An LED on the CoCo
Switcher shows if your computer is on or off at a glance.
The CoCo Switcher is contained in a sturdy black anodized
steel box which sits firmly on rubber feet.
Dimensions: 2/2" (64mm) xf (102mm) x5 7 /8" (150mm)
$39.95 plus $2.00 shipping and handling
MORETON BAY SOFTWARE
A Division of Moreton Boy Laboratory
316 CASTILLO STREET
SANTA BARBARA
CALIFORNIA 93101
(805) 962-3127
California Residents, Add 696 Sales Tax to Orders
THE COCO-WRITER
MORETON BAY SOFTWARE'S NEW
WORD PROCESSING SYSTEM
(For the TRS-80 and TDP-100 Color Computers)
EDITING FEATURES
Pleasant green, white and black display. Full screen editing
with cursor control. All keys repeat automatically. Tne word
wrap-around eliminates split words on- the screen. Edit any
ASCII file, including Basic programs. Use the calculator
functions of your computer without losing your document in
memory.
Insert, delete or type over characters.
Insert, split, delete or copy lines.
Insert, copy, move or delete blocks of text
All insert, delete, move and copy commands are completed
virtually instantaneously. Instantaneous response to keyboard
input Even the fastest typist is not likely to out pace the C0C0-
Writer. Find any word or character string in the document.
Memory count and status indicators show on the edit screen.
All 128 ASCII characters can be entered from the keyboard.
PRINTING FEATURES
Justify text at right or left margin. Justify text at both margins
simultaneously for a professional looking document (such as
this text) . Automatically center text for titles and letter heads.
Automatically number pages beginning at any number
between 0 and 255. Print part or all of a document Repeat
printing of all or any portion of a document up to a 100 times.
Select single sheet or continuous form printing. Embedded
printer controls. Change justification, print font, and line
spacing with commands in the text which do not print in the
document Print in upper/lower case or all capital letters.
TAPE FEATURES
Document memory space with I6K: 7424 characters.
Memory space with 32K: 23,808 characters. The C0C0-
Writer has the same features on either a 16 K or 32K system
and automatically adjusts to memory upgrade. Load and save
files in ASCII or binary format Load and edit the ASCII files
produced by other word processors. Save part or all of a
document on tape. Merge tape file into existing document in
memory.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES OF DISK VERSION
Spool printing feature allows simultaneous editing and
printing. Menu selections simply and quickly controlled with
cursor. Control I to 4 disk drives. Load and save files on disks in
any one of these drives. Split screen disk directory for all disk
input and output menus. Improved directory scrolling. File
names do not disappear off the top of the screen. Error
trapping for all disk file names. If you enter an invalid
command, the command will be terminated and the system
will report the type of error.
CoCo-Writer comes with excellent documentation. The
clearly written manual includes a table of contents and an
index. A separate, sturdy, laminated card contains a summary
of all commands for quick reference.
CASSETTE VERSION I6K OR 32K EXTENDED BASIC
$34.95
DISK VERSION ON CASSETTE I6K OR 32K
EXTENDED BASIC
$44.95
(Protect your investment! Quick and automatic cassette load
onto disk providing a dependable disk backup.)
verify the integrity of the file just saved or any other file on
the tape. It gives the user peace of mind. No surprise drop-
outs on the tape to be found at a later date.
Telewriter-64 has three menus. The first is the main menu
and it is the one the user will see the most of. Its functions are
to provide general information on the processor operation,
perform cassette 1/ O functions, lead to disk 1/ O menu and
the printer f ormat menu. The disk I/O menu handles all the
disk read/ write functions. It offers the same options as are
offered for cassette I/O with the exception of the verify
command. Telewriter-64 also provides for the listing of files
on disk to either the screen or the printer. You can also
rename a file as well as kill or delete a file from this menu.
You are also reminded of the last file accessed, the amount
of free memory left, the default drive number. The third
menu is the format menu and is used to set the print parame-
ters. You can set line spacing, left margin, line length, upper
margin, lower margin, lines per page, printer baud rate,
control codes, page numbers, right justification, printer
queue and header information from this menu.
Telewriter-64 is a well- written word processor which I
believe does an excellent job. It is simple to learn to Use and
has a very desirable format. It provides for upper / lower case
displays. The lower case descenders are not true descenders
in that they do not go below the line. However, that is a
function of the display only, as the output of the printer is
controlled by the printer itself.
There is one feature which I found quite nice. Telewriier-
64 assumes that all text editing should be done in the insert
mode. That is, when you go back into the text, you are
automatically in the insert mode. Most other word proces-
sors will be in an overstrike mode at this point. Thus, instead
of deleting text and rewriting it, one just types over it. With
the insert mode, anything entered in previous text is auto^
matically inserted, thus there is no lost data because of
inadvertent overstrikes. It took me a short time to get used
to it, but once past that initial stage I fell in love with it. The
response to cursor positioning is excellent. The time it takes
to scan a line is very good. Cursor movement is smooth and
consistent. 1 find Telewriter-64 lacking in only one aspect. It
would have been nice to have an auto-repeat function,
which, by simply holding a key down, would generate that
character at a given rate until the key is released.
I like Telewriter-64, I find it to be an excellent word
processor and it does perform as described in its advertise-
ments. The ho window-continuation line concept required
some getting used to, but the adjustment was minor. The end
of text is always marked by a large black cursor. The posi-
tion of the cursor during an edit f unction consists of a single
underline character symbol. Thus during editing of existing
text, a character is never hidden under the cursor.
Telewriter-64 is a f ull-sized word processor offering all the
features one would expect to find in the more expensive
processors. Telewriter-64 is a stand alone processor that
knows how to use all 64K of your system memory should
you have it installed. There is approximately 16K of free
memory when running Telewriter-64 on a 32K system.
Telewriter-64 will produce documents of good quality. I
believe every home computer system should own a word
processor of one form or another. Telewriter-64 makes it
relatively inexpensive to own a first-rate quality processor.
This review was written using Telewriter-64 and it was really
a joy to do.
(Cognitec, 704 Nob Street, Del Mar, C A 92014, $49.95 on
cassette, $59.95 on disc, add $2 s/h)
—Frank J. Esser
TRS-80* COLOR COMPUTER*
-16K Extended Basic, Menu-Driven, Well-Documented, Easily-Modified.
-For either cassette or diskette systems (Be sure to specify).
-Place an order of at least $40 and get one extra of your choice free.
-Orders shipped on cassette - Add $5 for shipment oh diskette.
-FURST-
Data Element Dictionary driven File Update and
Retrieval SysTem. Create and maintain files according
to your specifications. Ideas for applications in-
cluded $25
RAINBOW
cm Trie* TIC*
-REPORT WRITER- "-^
Used in conjunction with FURST to selectively format
reports on your printer. Includes headings and total
capabilities $15
-EXERCISE PLANNER- 3?™
Build and maintain complete exercise schedule for
regular and/or weight programs. Display guides you
through daily-calculated routines. Print complete
schedule if desired $15
-DISK DIRECTORY PRINT-
For diskette users only. Get hard copy of disk directories on your printer for easy use and reference. Only $5
Send check or money order to:
LAND SYSTEMS
P.O. BOX 232 l^^P^^F 'TRS-80 and COLOR COMPUTER
Bellbrook, Ohio 45305 L^^Z * are Trademarks of Tandy Corp.
-MAILING LABELS-
Generate and maintain mailing label records. Selective-
ly print desired quantities. Can keep several label files if
desired. Designed for Printer VII, easily modified. $20
218
the RAINBOW June, 1983
CO-EXISTENCE
The Good And The Bad
CO-EXISTENCE is a geopolitical game for two to six
players. It runs on 16K and is non-graphic. Each player
controls the destiny of his country by developing its natural
resources. The goal is to achieve a stable economy without
losing population to war or famine. Each player attempts to
reach stability for his country by developing farms, mines,
oil wells, steel mills, and factories. The population of each
country starts expanding immediately as the game begins
and consumes goods at a predictable rate.
In addition to worrying about producing enough food
and other goods for his fellow men to consume, each player
must develop a transportation system that will support a
growing economy and train the unskilled workers in order
to reduce unemployment. This would be enough to keep any
ruler busy fulltime, but this game has more.
There are neutral countries and islands that can be used to
develop additional resources for a country. A player can
develop his armed f orces to become a bully and take what he
wants, or at best, defend his own countryfrom being seized.
If a country has a good foreign policy, it can export and
import goods with other countries. Two or more countries
can j oin f orces to overthrow other countries either by peace-
ful trade boycotts or by using military force.
The computer, of course, does all the number crunching
and keeps track of each country's population, resources, etc.
In fact, it even collects taxes each round. The game is played
on a game board that has a map showing all the countries
and locations of development sites. Each player keeps track
of where he has farms, mines, military forces, factories, etc.,
by placing colored markers on the map.
Now that IVe given you the good news about CO-
EXISTENCE, I will tell you what I don't like about it. The
overall appearance of the materials I received were not
professional looking at all. The map that was enclosed was
actually two pieces of a grid-type paper taped together. The
way the countries were drawn on the paper made it very
difficult to distinguish borders between countries. The let-
tering that was done to identify the countries and their
resources was readable, but not very neat. The documenta-
tion which is 1 1 pages long is pretty well written, but there
were a few items which I just could not understand. The
second screen, displayed when the game starts, has two
words broken up without any hyphens. I know this may
sound nitpicky but, at $24.75, I think we deserve higher
quality.
If you have a lot of patience and are not concerned about
the appearance of the game and documentation, then I
would recommend you buy the game; otherwise, forget it.
(Intercept Enterprises, P.O. Box 4016, Cherry Hill, NJ
08034, $24.75)
—Michael Hunt
mm
ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE GRAPHICS
for the TRS-80 Color Computer
by DON & KURT INMAN
280 pages $14.95 + Si 25 postage & handling
E0TASM+ Radio Shack ROM Pack Assembler $41.95
■ —
with purchase of above book [regular price $49.95)
This is an excellent full featured assembler, monitor
and editor. We also are including a write up on
procedures for using the book with this assembler.
U.S. ROBOTICS MODUM $195.00 + $4.00 Shipping
Direct connect, auto answer. All the features of
RS (I modum and more. LED readout of mode.
Self check of operation.
Software Authors Wgnted-Hlghest Royalties Paid
$1.25 Per Order
Postage &
Handling
AM Orders Receive
10% Voucher On Order
PA. Res. Include 6% Tax
OWL-WARE
P.O. Box 116D
Mertztown. PA.
19539
DEALERS INQUIRIES INVITED
New!!! CRYSTAL REVENGE $16.95
HI-RES Space War game.
The first fully controlled color in PMODE 4!
You must defend the CRYSTAL HOME world
from the robot attackers. Planet /Sv
and multicolor attackers remain W r vki
the same color every game. ^^SSUSi
June, 1983 the RAINBOW 21 9
BASIC Programming Primer:
'Good Reference, Tutor 5
The book BASIC Programming Primer {Second Edition)
is a "tool" worth owning. This 368-page, soft-cover book
serves two functions: it teaches BASIC programming to the
neophyte, while it also serves as a reference book for the
experienced programmer. This book is not written specifi-
cally for the Color Computer; it describes the commonly
used statements and functions of Microsoft BASIC.
(Microsoft is the company which wrote most of the BASIC
versions presently in use— f or Color Computer, the TRS-80
Models I & III, Apple, Commodore, etc.) Because special
functions (graphics and sound) and disk input/ output
procedures differ so greatly between systems, these topics
are not covered.
This book is comprised of seven chapters and seven
appendices (including a removable BASIC Reference
Card). Each chapter concludes with a series of review ques-
tions to test the reader's comprehension of the subject mat-
ter; all answers (with explanations) are included in Appen-
dix G. The reader begins writing useful programs in Chapter
1 (a loan amortization program); each subsequent chapter
expands on the preceding. To give the reader some idea of
the book's contents, here is a brief summary of the seven
chapters:
Chapter One: Basic BASIC. Definitions, system com-
mands, simple output formatting, direct mode operation.
Chapter Two: Program Control. Loops, branches,
simple mathematical functions, subroutines.
Chapter Three: Getting Organized. Arrays and
matrices.
Chapter Four: Adding More Power. DATA/ READ,
Numeric functions, string functions.
Chapter Five: Variations. Statements and functions
that differ from system to system. System commands,
including debugging aids.
Chapter Six: Advanced BASIC. Program structure.
Error handling. Advanced input/ output. Advanced
string functions. Variable types — integer, single and
double precision. Number base conversions.
Chapter Seven: Rubik's Cube. Applies previously
learned principles to develop a program for the popular
puzzle.
The seven appendices explain in detail the following
subjects:
Numbering systems
Numerical conversion table
Conserving space in long programs
Speeding up a program
Removable Reference Card
Exponential (scientific) notation
Answers to review questions
This book is well-organized with a detailed table of contents
and index to facilitate the location of specific information.
The authors' style is casual rather than pedantic; their sense
of humor is displayed throughout the book. Numerous
illustrations — cartoons, annotated program listings, flow-
charts, and line drawings — amplify principles presented in
the text.
This is an excellent book f or any newcomer who seriously
wishes to learn programming, and an excellent reference
book for the experienced programmer. Just keep your
Radio Shack manuals handy for answers to those specific
questions concerning disk operation and graphics or sound
applications.
(BASIC Programming Primer (Second Edition) by Mitchell
Waite and Michael Pardee, Howard Sams & Co., Indianap-
olis, IN, Book No. 22014, $17.95)
—Jerry Oef elein
Appendix A:
Appendix B:
Appendix C:
Appendix D:
Appendix E:
Appendix F:
Appendix G:
Post OFfice
Plantatio
All Color Softwar
» Box 15235
n» Florida
333 1 8
fsjjmi ! from ACS
<?«P^> mix
V
■
RAMOtt
Mill NOT Void Warranty!
Now for only *5 you can have an on /off light for your CoCo, without
voiding your warranty!! If you own a joystick, can drill ONE hole, and
make TWO connections, then you are ready for this simple Do- It- Yourself Kit!!
This simple kit comes with the parts to modify 2 Joysticks, and clearly
written instructions on the procedure, which takes only 10 minutes on the
average.
Notes This modification Does NOT impede Joystick performance. This kit
works with any Joystick, and is equally easy to install in each.
ORDER NON ! ! NO Extra Shipping Charges!!
Florida residents add 5% sales tax. Note i Custom Joysticks still available.
220 the RAINBOW June, 1983
YSTEMS CORP.
Nanos Systems Corp.
REFERENCE CARDS
For Models I, II, III, Color, Pocket
and Apple II & II Plus
TRSCO is a Registered Trademark 0 r Tandy Corp
Compute* picture reprinled permission Tantry Corp.
APPLE 15 a registered trademark of Apple Compt;rir?g. inc
RAINBOW
L t H I 1 1 It. A I uf
v 4.
Eiach card 15 a compietei summary ot trie reference manuals and ihe micfQCompLjter. Cards are lwo or more colors, printed on 80 pound Beckett Antique cover stock or a comparable stock, slretch-
^rapoed m plastic to* shipping. They ;ire accor Jion^oldup cards, in lhe sanie style as trie (raditional IBM reference cards used on the major compuiers for years. Fold-up is eio,h t and one-half
by three and ihree -quarter mch^s. 50 they -*ill in easily into the snirt pocket. Tnes-e cards provide a complete summary gl the manual plus many extras at your fingertips
MODEL I
BASIC: Buff & Blue
5 Panels, 10 Pages
(For the Classroom)
Memory Map.
Easy Graphics.
Basic Statements.
Basic Functions.
Basic Facts.
Special Characters.
Basic Commands.
Edit Subcommands.
PRINT USING Examples.
Message & Codes.
Reserved Words.
Special Keys.
Ascii Character Chart,
with Space Compression Codes.
Control Codes
Basic Internal Codes.
Hex/Dec Conversion Chart.
Screen Line Layout.
BASIC & ASSEMBLER: Buff
8 Panels, 16 Pages
(For the Pro)
Complete Z80 Instructions.
Assembler Instructions,
Commands, Operators.
Editor/Assembler Commands,
and Edit Subcommands.
Flags. Conditions, & Chart.
Internal Routines.
Assembler Error Msgs.
Plus Most Items in the Basic Card
MODEL II
BASIC & ASSEMBLER: Green
10 Panels, 20 Pages
(For the Business)
Small Memory Map.
Screen Layout.
Easy Graphics.
Complete Z80 Instructions.
Series-1 Assembler Instr.
Commands, Operators, and Edit
Subcommands.
Assembler Error Msgs.
Power-up Error Msgs.
Flags, Conditions, & Chart.
Wild Cards, DOS Messages.
SVC Procedure Panel.
Host Logon Pane!.
Version 2.0 Lib Command Formats
and System Utility Formats.
Basic Functions & Statements.
DOS File Naming Convention.
Basic Commands & Edit
Subcommands.
Special Keys.
Basic Internal Codes and
Reserved Words.
Basic Msgs. & Codes.
PRINT USING Examples.
Special Characters.
"DO" Utilities & BASIC Command.
Ascii Character Chart with SVC
Names and Numbers.
Control Codes.
MODEL III
BASIC: Blue & Buff
6 Panels, 12 Pages
(For the Classroom)
Special Characters.
Kana Characters.
Euro-Characters.
Memory Map.
Special Keyboard Functions.
Ascii Char. Chart w/Space
Compression Codes.
Control Codes.
Cassette Loading Err Msgs.
Basic Commands, Edit
Subcommands, Special Chars.,
Basic Statements, Facts,
Functions, Derived Functions,
Special Operations (POKES).
PRINT USING Examples.
Basic Msgs. & Codes.
Basic Internal Codes.
Reserved Words.
Screen Line Layout.
BASIC & ASSEMBLER: Blue
10 Panels, 20 Pages
(For the Pro)
Complete Z80 Instructions.
Assembler Instructions, Commands,
Operators.
Series I Editor/Assembler
Commands & Edit Subcommands.
Flags, Conditions, & Chart.
Hex/Dec Conversion Chart.
Assembler Error Msgs.
Internal CALL Routines.
Break Processing Procedure.
Plus all items in the Basic card.
COLOR
BASIC & EXTENDED:
Grey + 9 Colors.
8 Panels 16 pages
(For the Artist)
All Color Graphics.
System Commands.
PRINT USING Examples.
Special Characters.
Special Keys.
Cassette. Loading Err Msgs.
Basic Functions & Statements.
Playing Music, Making a Circle,
ana Drawing Panels.
Derived Functions.
Messages & Codes.
Musical Notes, by Octave, in
Color, Including Re$is and Time.
Memory Map.
Reserved Words.
Internal Codes.
A Page of Tips.
Ascii Char. Codes Chart.
Including Inverse Graphics
and Color Graphics.
Control Codes.
Color Group Chart.
Pmode Information Summary.
Screen Line Layout.
Extended Graphics Pmode
Illustrations.
APPLE II & II PLUS
BASIC: Red & Pink
7 Panels, 14 Pages
(For the Classroom)
48K Memory Map
APPLESOFT and INTEGER BASIC.
Basic Statements.
Basic Functions.
Derived Functions.
Special Characters & Operators.
System & Utility Commands.
Pokes, Peeks, Calls.
Monitor Commands.
Key & Control Functions.
APPLESOFT Internal Codes.
APPLESOFT Reserved Words.
Integer Basic Addressing.
DOS 3.3 Command Summary.
Color Selection Chart.
Error Msgs. & Handling.
Reading Machine Language.
Hex/Dec Conversion Chart
ASCII, Print, Video, 6502, Integer
and APPLESOFT Code Reference
Chart, 0-255.
Basic & 6602: Red
8 Panels, 16 Pages
(For the Pro)
All features of the Basic Card, Plus:
6502 Timing.
6502 Language Simplified.
Flags & Conditions with Reference
Chart.
POCKET
BASIC: Purple
5 Panels, 10 Pages
Operatina Characteristics
Memory Types and Limitations.
Modes of Operation.
PRO Mode.
RUN Mode.
RESERVE Mode
DEF Mode.
Fixed Variable Facts and
References.
System Function Keys.
Math and Logic Function Keys.
Normal Character Keys.
Special Characters and
Function Keys.
Basic Commands.
Cassette Interface Commands.
Reserved Words.
Math and Numeric Functions.
Derived Functions.
Basic Statements.
Error Messages and Codes.
USING Statement Examples
and more. . . . !
A pocket card for your
pocket computer.
Please send me:
Card Price
Copies of MODEL I BASIC & ASSEMBLER $4.95
Copies of MODEL I BASIC-ONLY 2.95
Copies of MODEL II BASIC & ASSEMBLER 5.95
Copies of MODEL II SVC 2.95
Copies of MODEL II COMMANDS & UTILITIES 3.95
Copies of MODEL III BASIC & ASSEMBLER 5.95
Copies of MODEL III BASIC-ONLY 3.95
Copies of COLOR BASIC AND EXTENDED 4.95
Copies of POCKET BASIC 2.95
Copies of APPLE II & II PLUS BASIC 3.95
Copies of APPLE II & II PLUS BASIC & 6502 4.95
Copies of Z80 4.95
Copies of ZX80, 81, &TIMEX SINCLAIR-1000 5.95
Copies of H EATH/ZENITH HDOS for H8/H89/Z89/Z90 5.95
Ask lot lham at your siorc or
bookstore or order from us.
Wholesale prices available
in quantities over 24.
Send Check or Money Order to:
NANOS SYSTEMS CORP.
P.O. BOX 24344
SPEEDWAY, IN 46224
(317) 244-4078
NAME:
ADDRESS
CITY
STATE
ZIP
Indiana Residents Add 5 Percent for Indiana Sales Tax
M & M Makes A Good
D & D Introduction
I, Thorafin Crimsonblade, sword in hand, bravely faced
the unknown perils that lay before me in my great quest to
free my people from the evil dungeon lord. Monsters and
Magic pits your character against many hideous creatures
that would simply love to munch on your bones for a tasty
midday snack.
As a person with three years of Dungeons and Dragons
(trademark of TSR Hobbies, Inc.) experience, I was delight-
ed to have been selected to review Monsters & Magic, a
game that claims to be similar to D&D.
At the beginning of the game you are given a set of
characteristics which affect your character's ability to per-
form assorted spectacular feats. If you do not like your
"roll," you may easily reroll until you find a character that
you take a liking to. (Afterall, he's going to be you!)
Next, you pick your valiant Warriors' name. (I like mine.)
Af ter you have settled upon the adventurer's name, you will
be assigned gold pieces, which you will need to purchase
items at the market.
The hardy adventurer must then take a trip to the market
to buy items no true (or smart) gladiator would do
without — armor and weapons. After your adventurer has
purchased these needed supplies, he is of f to the dungeon!
Inside the dungeon the adventurer is given a menu of
choices to perform in each location of the dungeon. The
adventurer may fight any monsters that are in the room,
SPECTKAN
— SPECTACULATOR TO ASCI
— ASCII TO SPECTACULATOR —
* oiitmnw
RAINBOW
Use Your Word Processing Program
To Include Spectaculator Tables In Your
Reports
Run Spectaculator On Data Files Created
Outside 0-f Spectaculator
Spectran is a easy to use program for unleashing the
power o-f Disk Spectaculator. ML makes it quick. Works
with ASCII compatible WP programs on 16K or 32K Disk
systems. Use spreadsheet tables in your reports. Use
downloaded data in Spectaculator. Easy to follow manual
with examples. On diskette for (2S.OO postpaid.
DISK UTILILTY PACKAGE
DIRDUPL -
Simple program for protecting
bombed diskettes.
and restoring many
DISKLOOK -
-> Disk utility program to examine and change
data bytes on diskettes.
— > Pile analysis.
-> List granules allocated to a disk file.
— > Alter Directory contents.
— > Simultaneous listing of diskette data contents
in ASCII and HEX formats.
— > User friendly.
The DISK UTILITY PACKAGE including DIRDUPL, DISKLOOK,
and manuals on diskette for $15.00 postpaid.
INTRODUCTORY OFFER!
For a limited time, if you order Spectran at $25. OO we
will include the DISK UTILITY PACKAGE and manuals at no
extra cost* Now that's a bargain!
CRIMSON SOFTWARE
The RESEARCH ASSOCIATES Group
32 Beverly Heights
Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35404
check status, take inventory, go on, search the area, run,
open anything in the room, or buy supplies. This last choice
was f ound humorous by some of my f riends because it gives
your adventurer the ability to buy items in the midst of a
dungeon. It was often needed, however, because of an evil
cleric running around with a knack for turning your armor
into paper. Because of the limited choices that are presented
on this menu, I would not call this game an adventure, but a
simulation.
The reason you are in the dungeon is to try to defeat the
number of monsters you selected at the start of the game. In
your quest to defeat the number of monsters, you will prob-
ably gain a level, which aids in your efficiency against
monsters.
While stumbling through the rooms, you will eventually
be lucky (?) enough to run into one of the fifty monsters in
the monster gallery. If you choose the fight option, then you
will be asked to select a weapon from your arsenal. If the evil
cleric has visited your weapons lately, then you will be
forced to use your bare hands, which, needless to say, are not
quite as effective as a sword. Next, you are asked to roll to
see which one of the contenders goes first — you or the
monster. Then, depending upon who won the roll, that
person (thing) rolls to see if he/she (it) "hits" or "misses." If
you or (gulp!) the monster manages to hit, you (or it) will roll
f or damage. I did enjoy rolling my own dice on the computer
and it adds some enjoyment and action to the game.
If you defeat the number of monsters, you must try to
defeat the evil dungeon lord in the final confrontation. If
you manage to defeat the dungeon lord, you have saved your
people! The Kingdom is, once again, safe!
My only complaint about the game is one others have remarked
on: the game does not seem to be a game of skill, but one of
chance that does not require much sleuthing around. My
f riends and I believe this because you may only choose your
actions from a group of choices. This seemed to make the
game a little too easy. However, this may be seen as an
advantage as it allows an unexperienced fantasy role-player
to learn the combat system. My suggestions to the game
designers would be twofold: 1) create different skill levels,
and 2) develop individual characteristics among the
monsters.
I would not recommend Monsters & Magic to an expe-
rienced fantasy-game player. However, it would be an excel-
lent tutorial to the novice game player who is trying to learn
the combat system. Also, this game, which requires 32K
ECB, would be right for any one who enjoys a simulation.
This is a good one; just don't expect a D&D copy.
(Prickly Pear Software, 9822 E. Stella Road, Tucson, AZ
85730, $19.95 tape, $24.95 disk)
—Eric Oberle
30C VOICE SYNTHESIS \\
BUILD YOUR OWN VOTRAI SC-91 SPEECH MODULE THAT PLUGS INTO
THE SERIAL PORT. JOY THE FUN THAT COMES WITH BEING ABLE
TO PROGRAM YOUR SYSTEM TO SAY ANY T*3CT YOU WISH. USE IT TO
ENHANCE GAMES* AS A TEACHING AID* OR TO HELP A DISABLED
FRIEND. NO SPECIAL TOOLS REQUIRED. SIMPLE STEP BY STEP
INsTRUCTiriNS USING EASY TO OBTAIN RADIO SHACK STOCK PARTS
(Exctpt thi VOTRAI chip* for which I providt * supplier's list).
COMPLETE INSTRUCTIONS* INCLUDING SAMPLE PROGRAMS, t5.ee
* OR *
CUSTOM MADE PRINTED CIRCUIT SEND CHEQUE OR MONEY
BOARD. REDUCES WIRING TO A ORDER TO: B.T.PEARCE
MINIMUM. INCLUDING SAMPLE 763 MULVEY AVE.
PROGRAMS AND INSTRUCTIONS. WINNIPEG MANITOBA
ti5.ee PLUSti.ee postage Canada R3M iG4
Manitoba nsidints include 5% salts tax
222 the RAINBOW June, 1983
DSL COMPUTER PRODUCTS
P.O. BOX 1113 - DEARBORN, MI 48121 - (313) 582-8930
Michigan Residents Add 4 % Sales Tax to Order
Please include $1.00 for S & H
VISA & MASTERCARDS ACCEPTED
QUALITY SOFTWARE FOR THE
COLOR AND TDP SYSTEM 100 COMPUTERS
Specialty
The General a general
ledger program holds
100 accounts with over
500 transactions per
account 32K $39.95
Calligrapher Great
for designing custom
posters, invitations
flyers or name tags
Two print fonts available
Old English and Chancery
for Line Printer VII use
Disk ONLY $14.95 each
Please specify print
font when ordering.
Color Bonanza 50 program
package includes business,
utilities, utilities as well
as arcade fun. Less than
$1.00 per program! $49.95
Arcade Fun
Packmaze ML 16K
Bug Chase Ext 32K
One or two player or robot
bug against turtle.
Donkey King 32K
Moon Lander 16K
Dancin' Devil 16K
War Kings 16K
Spider 16K
Cave Hunter 16K
Haywire 16K
Astro Blast 16K
$16.95
$15.55
$24.95
$15.95
$14.95
$19.95
$19.95
$24.95
$24.95
$24.95
Literature
Assembly Language Graphics
$14.95
Basic Computer Programming
for Kids $14.95
TRS-80 Color Computer Graphics
$14.95
NOW AVAILABLE
Nelson Software
Super Color Writer T. $49.95
D. $99.95
Super Color Terminal T. $39.95
D. $59.95
INTRACOLOR COMMUNICATIONS
Colorpede 16K ML T. $29.95
Rototattack 16K ML T. $24.95
D. $27.95
Educational
Speller 16K $16.95
Geo-Studies 16K $ 9.95
USA, Canada, Europe, Aust.
Word Drill 16K $19.95
Math Drill 16K $19.95
Adventures
Calixto Island 16K ML $19.95
Black Sanctum 16K ML $19.95
Utilities
Copy Cat 16K ML $19.95
Color DFT 16K ML T. $19.95
D. $29.95
Hardware
Grand Slam Solderless Kit $75.00
For E or F Board and 1 . 1 Rom
Please include $10.00 REFUNDABLE
tool deposit with order
For All Boards
Ram Slam Solderless Kit
16-32K $49.95
15-minute installation
ONE YEAR WARRANTY
Only Kind Words
For 'The Shack's 9 Crosswords
If you're among those who, in a continuing battle against
clutter, too quickly rids the house of the daily newspaper
only to hear about it later from the crossword fanatic in the
family, your days of searching through the garbage hoping
that page is unsoiled may soon be over.
Now, thanks to Radio Shack, you will be able to appease
your loved ones with an inexhaustible supply of new cross-
word combinations that will keep them busy morning to
night, if their appetite for word games is as strong as it
appears to be upon discovering that "you've doen it again!"
If you count yourself among the aficionados of the word
games, you've already guessed that the word f or this game is
Crosswords, which, as Webster says in his Third New Inter-
national Dictionary, is a game in which letters "appear in
such a way that they read across and down and so that
usually most letters appear as part of two words."
Theprinciple of Radio Shack's version is the same, except
for a few interesting variations: you receive no clues and,
New! For Your
Color Computer
FROG-TREK
(the arcade game)
RAINBOW
You may be able to guide your frog through 6 lanes
of rush hour traffic, but that isn't enough! You
must also cross the river by jumping on logs and
turtles to get Froggie safely to his home on the other
side. But watch out for the snake! And don 't jump
on the industrial waste.
A great M/L game at a great price $14.95. Uses hi-
resolution graphics and requires 16K. Arrows on
keyboard move frog- no joy-sticks required.
Send check or money order for $16.50 (includes
shipping) to:
OELRICH PUBLICATIONS
4040 N. Nashville
Chicago, IL 60634
CALL TOLL FREE TO ORDER
800-621-0105
MASTERCARD AND VISA ACCEPTED
depending upon your whim, you may play against the clock
and up to three other players. You also may select f rom two
modes — combination or single — and use either joysticks or
the directional keys on your keyboard (which should help
cut down on the number of pencils found lying around the
house). It also comes in a convenient ROM format.
After you have inserted the cartridge and indicated the
number of players, you type in the name of each player — a
feature I found very convenient in keeping track of whose
turn was next, since some letter combinations are likely to
lead to some long and heated discussions. You then select
the playing mode: Combination, which allows you to create
one word per turn by combining seven letters selected by the
computer with those already on the playing field (each letter
may be used only once in the eventual word), or Single Plan,
which begins with a clear field after each turn and your
challenge is to make up as many words as possible.
The computer randomly selects seven letters each turn
and the combination is sometimes mind-boggling. How
many words, f or example, can you compose from a selection
of "QQRIETV?" I came up with only "TIER" myself, but I
would suspect that long-time word-gamers could supply all
sorts of variations (send your letters to Roy G. Biv, please).
The player's name appears in the upper left corner. If a
time limit (30, 60, or 90 seconds) has been selected, a clock
and score appear in the upper right corner. Below the name
are the letter list and two arrows (left and right). You create a
word by using either the joystick or the directional keys (not
to be confused with the arrows on the screen) to move the
cursor over the respective letters. Pressingthe fire button or
the space bar moves the letter to the right side of the screen.
If you make a spelling error or want to delete a letter,
moving the cursor over the left arrow and pressing the
appropriate button or key will move the letter back to its
original position, allowing you to begin anew. When you've
completed a word, the cursor is moved to the right arrow,
the word entered and placed at randomnearthecenter of the
screen. From this point the game proceeds as each player's
words are added to the board. Once a word has been
selected, it cannot be changed. A turn continues until time
elapses or until a player quits by selecting the right arrow
with no word on the right side of the screen.
Upon completion of each turn, the competition is given
the opportunity to accept or reject the validity of the word
by positioning the cursor on "OK" or "NO." The rules
specif y that there should be no proper nouns, f oreign words,
misspellings or contractions (but it's not difficult to imagine
those rules being bent).
Puzzle lovers, who are unaccustomed to time limits, will
find it a bit difficult in the beginning to adjust to the idea of
competing against the clock. In addition to needing to think
fast, some dexterity is required in the use of the joystick
and/ or directional keys. That's really no problem, however,
since you do have the option of playing without the timer.
Crosswords provides an infinite number of challenges,
including some good educational experiences for children,
and some lively competition for the gamesman. No cross
words here for Crosswords.
(Radio Shack, A Division of Tandy Corporation, Ft
Worth, TX 76102, $24.95 ROM Pack)
—Charles Springer
224 the RAINBOW June, 1983
UODU1A BASF-DPS
W^#imll W\J WORLD STANDARD TAPE
CASSETTE STORAGE CADDY
n ORGANIZE
YOUR TAPES!
$2 95 EACH
COMPUTER GRADE BLANK CASSETTES
PHEMWM 5 SCREW SHELL WiTH LEADER FITS ALL STANDARD RECORDERS
PREFERRED BY SOFTWARE PRODUCERS SCHOOLS ANO BUSINESSES NATIONWIDE
HERE'! JffitOJi YORK 10 CASSETTES:
USERS SAY ABU fln rely 0 n 1 00%
., t - s nice to have *ffi a ffi^ And«»f*>
FH*€ST OUAUTV
PHILIPS fNOHELCO)
TYPE HMD BOXES
TRACTOR FEED
DIE-CUT BLANK
CASSETTE LABELS
ORDER NOW
Mall To ...
Call: 213/710-1430
FOR IMMEDIATE SHIPMENT
on Credit Card Orders.
YORK lOXomputer ware
24573 Kittridge St., #R Canoga Park, CA 91307
ITEM
1 DOZEN 2 DOZEN
TOTAL
C-05
□ 7.50 □ 13.50
C-10
□ 8.00 □ 14.40
[
C-20
□ 10.00 □ 18.00
i
Hard Box
□ 2.50 □ 4.00 [
Storage Caddy @ $2.95 ea.: Quantity:
FREE: Quantity:
Blank labels
□ 4.00/100 □ 30.00/1000
i
I SUB TOTAL
Calif, residents add 6% sales tax
Shipping/handling 1 doz. $2; 2 doz. $3.50;
3 doz. $4.50; each additional doz. $.50.
For Parcel Post instead of UPS $1 additional
puteide Continental USA, $2 additional
TOTAL
Each cassette includes two YORK 10 labels only. Boxes are sold separately.
Shipments are by U.P.S. unless Parcel Post requested. Boxes, caddies, and
blank labels are free of shipping charges when ordered with cassettes. When
ordered without cassettes, shipping charges: Boxes— $1.00/doz., Caddies
$1.00 each. MINIMUM SHIPPING/HANDLING ON ANY ORDER— $2.00.
Check or M.O. Charge to
enclosed □ Credit Card: □ VISA Q MASTERCARD
Card No.
Exp.
Name
Address
City
State/Zip
Signatur e
Computer make & mo del
Disk?(y/n)
□ CHECK HERE FOR QUANTITY DISCOUNTS PRICE LIST
Colortext: A Powerful
Programming Utility
By
A. Buddy Hogan
How would you like to be able to create text and graphics
characters for use in your own programs? Or control the
scroll speed, or the size of text and graphic characters, access
the Model 1/ III graphics set, control foreground and back-
ground colors, have an animation mode at your fingertips,
and do all of this while mixing text and graphic characters
with everything in colors selected by you? COLORTEXT
allows you to do all of this and more.
COLORTEXT is a very powerful programmer's utility
developed by Bob Rue for Bertamax, a company that spe-
cializes in educational software for microcomputers. They
use the utility to assist in the development of the programs
that they market (currently there are 46 CoCo titles for
grade school youngsters and one CoCo title for teachers:
COLORTEXT).
COLORTEXTis a graphics-text driver which can be used
to assist in the development of any kind of program. Game
developers should be aware, however, that its use is some-
what limited for them because of a quirk that disables the
226 the RAINBOW June, 1983
joystick if the BREAK key is also disabled. More on this
later. Whether you are a new programmer or an old hand,
you'll enjoy the ease of use and power of COLORTEXT.
DESCRIPTION
COLOR TEXT consists of a series of separate driver pro-
grams, a PRACTICE program, an edited PRACTICE pro-
gram, a DEMO program, and a program that allows you to
edit text and graphic characters and/ or create new ones. All
COLORTEXTproducts can be incorporated into your own
program. "But how much memory does all this take?" you
ask. COLORTEXT is a machine language program that
occupies slightly more than 1.6K of memory. If you don't
use the character set, it uses only IK, but that would be like
eating a peanut butter and jelly sandwich without the bread.
Added characters take a minimum of 3 bytes, and a maxi-
mum of 1 4 bytes. Stack use is 30 additional bytes maximum,
depending upon options in use.
Upon execution, COLORTEXT links into the standard
text print and input character drivers, disabling the auto-
matic resetting of the display to the text screen, and supports
the translation of all later PRINTed characters onto the
high resolution page. In its most basic mode, it emulates the
text screen handling on a PMODE 4 page (including
PRINT® and scrolling) but allows high resolution graphics
to be drawn on the same display. Its more versatile modes
include PMODE 3 support, color text, color background,
size multiplication, animation and character set switching
and definition. The default character set is upper / lower case
(with descenders), with many Model 1/ III control and gra-
phic codes. With this program, you can also change the
cursor character to anything you like and you can also
disable the BREAK key. The program is relocatable, but is
not exactly ROMable (the options selected at copying
would be frozen in; it would work but you couldn't change
the options). A ROMable version is available if you supply
the exact specifications.
But how does all this work? All options are activated by
PRINT ing the graphic control prefix, CHR$(1), followed
by various characters that define sub-codes and parameters.
For example, CHRSf l )CHRS(5)CHRS(1 ) increases the size
of all text and graphic characters on the screen twofold.
Since you aren't likely going to be ready with a program of
your own into which COLORTEXT has been inserted, a
PRACTICE program is provided. Upon execution, it loads
and executes COLORTEXT and you are ready to follow
along as the manual takes you step-by-step through the use
of all the commands and functions. I will summarize these
briefly.
DISPLAY COLORS
You can change foreground and background colors,
reverse each or reverse all colors in both. You can also
change display colors within lines as well as between lines.
All of this occurs while you are mixing text and graphic
characters.
CHARACTER SIZE
The size of all displayed characters may be increased from
double to 15 times original size. As you can imagine, this
takes some doing. When you double the size of the charac-
ters, the cursor disappears and along with it a majority of the
characters that were on the screen. Their untimely disap-
pearance is not magic, but occurs because you are really only
able to see the upper left !4 of the display now. Successively
larger increases in character size produce smaller screen
The Color Computer gets serious with
Computerware® Business Software
What you should know:
* It has been in use for over 4 years on many
6809 systems. This means it is well tested.
* Complete manuals accompany the systems.
* User-friendly menus make them easy to use.
* They are not accounting tutorials. They assume
you know and use sound accounting principles.
System Requirements:
* FLEX Operating System
* 64K Memory
* Computerware® Random Basic
* Dual Disk Drives
(Payroll requires double-sided drives)
Now Available: Payroll, Accounts Receivable, Check Ledger,
Accounts Payable, Check Ledger, Inventory Control
Write or call for complete brochure from
COMPUTERWARE
®
P.O. Box 668
Encinitas, CA 92024
(619) 436-3512
display windows for viewing. But, not to worry. Even
though you can't see them, the cursor and the other charac-
ters are still out there — somewhere. This feature is very
powerful and makes for magnificent displays of the charac-
ters that can be viewed. You return to normal size by typing
in the proper codes even though you can't see the cursor or
what you are typing. Talk about blind faith! But as soon as
you hit the ENTER key, you are rewarded with the reap-
pearance of the regular-size OK and the flashing cursor in a
sea of oversized characters.
RESOLUTION
While all four PMODEs are available, 0 through 3 are not
generally readable on the display. If you increase the charac-
ter size, though, PMODE 3 works fine. This is important
because PMODE 3 gives you the use of four colors instead
of the two available with PMODE 4 (red and blue).
GRAPHICS CHARACTERS & UPPER/LOWER CASE
COLOR TEXThas the standard ASCII character set with
the upper and lower case option. In addition, it has the
Model 1/ III character set. So what? Well, if you have a
library of Model 1/ III programs, you no longer have an
excuse not to buy a CoCo. You can convert those programs
to the magic of CoCo with a little elbow grease and the help
of COLORTEXT, There is an extensive tutorial in the man-
ual of Model II/ III program translation. This program,
however, will not load Model 1/ III programs into CoCo. To
do that you either need a program listing or another utility
program that allows direct loading.
SCROLL SPEED
You can control the scroll speed from a snail's pace to a
blur. This feature can be used to fill a room slowly with
"water" while other things are going on in the room. In fact,
that effect is used dramatically in the DEMO program.
ANIMATION MODE
This mode allows you to cause text and/ or graphics char-
acters to march across the display screen. As they pass
through stationary characters on the display, they merge
with them rather than replace them, so that when they have
passed, the original characters are still there. Does that give
you some ideas?
CURSOR
The flashing cursor in the program is really two characters
being alternately PRINTed. You may change these charac-
ters to any text or graphic character(s) you want. Make both
characters the same if you want the flashing to stop.
CHARACTER EDITING/CREATION
ADDCHR is a powerf ul driver that allows you to redefine
all but the control characters and to create new characters.
There are 1 1 single character commands and edits available.
The result of editing or adding characters to the character set
is the creation of an edited COLOR TEXT file that is written
to the disk f or your f uture use. The manual does an excellent
job of walking you through the use of ADDCHR.
THE BREAK KEY
The BREAKkey may be disabled with a simple code. But,
beware! This code also disables the IN KEYS function and
the joystick. A subroutine has been included in the program
to replace INKEYS (it returns the ASCII value of any key-
board character except theSHIFT key). Entering a "9 "exits
this subroutine. If you are going to use COLORTEXT in a
game program requiring the joystick, either do not disable
the BREA K key or wait f or the necessary U SR promised by
Bertamax in the next version of COLORTEXT
DEMO PROGRAM
This program ties together most of the sophisticated fea-
tures of COLORTEXT into a "user" program that is quite
impressive. LISTthe DEMO program to learn just how it is
done. While you're at it, edit line 32767 to get rid of the IE
error.
DOCUMENTATION
The documentation consists of a 75-page spiral bound 8 Vi
x 1 1 manual. The program disk i s nicely contained i n a vinyl
binder page that is bound into the manual. Another conve-
nient feature is that the back of the manual serves as a ready
reference card for all of the program commands and func-
tions. The manual is divided into three major sections: 1)
Getting Started; 2) COLORTEXT Technical Reference
Manual; and 3) ADDCHR Technical Reference Manual.
While the documentation is very well written, let me stress
that COLORTEXT is not intended for the beginning CoCo
user with no knowledge of BASIC programming. You don't
need to be a machine language programmer, but if you don't
write programs or have any desire to do so, this program is
not for you.
Not only does the manual tell you what the program does
and how you use it, it also tells you in the reference sections
GRAND SLAM BRIDGE
SHARPEN UP YOUR BRIDGE GAME. COM-
PUTER BIDS YOUR PARTNER'S HAND AND
PLAYS THE OPPONENT'S HANDS. RAN-
DOM HANDS DEALT EACH TIME. CARDS,
TRICKS, BIDS, AND CONTRACT SHOWN
ON SCREEN.
32K CASSETTE $19.95 fwNft
RAINBOW
«•■«<«•«•
^) STOCK OPTION STRATEGIES ^
DEVISE YOUR OWN STOCK OPTION STRAT-
EGIES. COVERED OPTIONS, STRADDLES,
CALLS, AND PUTS. % GAINS AND LOSSES
VS. FUTURE STOCK PRICES GRAPHED IN
COLOR. EASY TO USE, NO DATA BASE RE-
QUIRED, JUST ENTER FROM KEYBOARD.
MENU DRIVEN. —
16K CASSETTE $14.95
RAINBOW
SEND CHECK OR MONEY ORDER TO:
GREENTREE SOFTWARE
P O BOX 97
GREENWOOD, IN 46142
228 the RAINBOW June, 1983
INTERNATIONAL SOFTWARE INC.
(604) 474 2271
771 HOCKLEY AVE, VICTOR I A ■ B . C ■ V9B 2V5
TOP STIX, IS A JOYSTICK INTERFACE FOR THE COLOR COMPUTER, IT WILL ALLOW YOU TO
USE THE FAMOUS ATARI JOYSTICK AND EVEN DATASOFT'S LESTICK. THE TOP STIX WORKS
ON MOST PROGRAMS BUT NOT ALL, GET THE FEEL OF ARCADE FUN ORDER YOURS NOW
$29.95
TO ORDER SEND CHEQUE OR MONEY
ORDER, VISA N0#, AND EXP DATE
TO ADDRESS ABOVE. PLEASE ALLOW
2 TO 3 WEEKS FOR DELIVERY.
CATALOGUE WITH EVERY ORDER
GHOST GOBBLER
$27.95
DEFENSE
$27.95
ROBOT BATTLE
$27. 95
Please allow 2-3
weeks for delivery
PLANET INVASION
$27.95
SPACE RACE
$27.95
CCTHELLO
$22.95
PIRATES AHOY
$11.95
ESCAPE FROM PRISON CITY
$10. 95
r_ — — — — > -coupon —
MAIL ORDER ONLY PLEASE
20% OFF
any order over $30.00
Include this coupon with your order
to get this special offer.
NO C.O.D. ORDERS
GALAX ATT AX
$27.95
L — — — — - COUPON
CANADIANS ORDER IN CANADA AND SAVE. BAIL ORDER OR VISIT THE DEALER NEAREST YOU, ALL PRICES IN CANADIAN FUNDS
DEALERS ON VANCOUVER ISLAND:,
IN SIDNEY: SIDNEY RADIO SHACK LTD. IN VICTORIA: EXCALIBUR SYSTEMS LTD, IN SOME: SOOKE RADIO SHACK LTD.
IN LADYSMITH: LADYSMITH RADIO SHACK LTD. IN PARKSVILLE: PARKSVILLE RADIO SHACK LTD. IN COURTENAY: COURTENAY RADIO SHACK.
IN CAMPBELL RIVER: -CAMPBELL RIVER RADIO SHACK LTD. IN PORT HARDY: PORT HARDY RADIO SHACK LTD.
how each driver works (in detail). This is disclosure beyond
the call of duty and will surely be appreciated by the pro-
grammer who really wants to get into the program. The
major drawback in the manual is that it did not keep up with
the development of the program. The most powerful driver,
ADDCHR, used to be available only as a separate program
and the manual has not been updated to reflect the fact that
it is now included with COLORTEXT. There is also a
tedious program insertion that you are instructed to type
into PRACTICE to demonstrate the animation mode.
Upon further investigation, I found a version of PRAC-
TICE on the disk that had already been modified for this
purpose. This fact is never referenced in the manual. There
are also a couple of typographical errors, one of which
causes a SN error upon program execution. I would still rate
the documentation above average for its detail and ease of
use.
CONCLUSION
I am quite impressed with the quality and power of
COLORTEXT (the price is reasonable for what you get)
and commend Bob Rue and Bertamax for their support of
CoCo.
(Bertamax, Inc., 101 Nickerson Street, Suite 202, Seattle,
WA 98109, $79.80 on disk)
PAY WHAT YOU WAKT
for home and business software
RS CoCo and TDP- 1 00
16/32K Disk or Cassette
Extended Color Basic Required
BUDGET RECORD
Income 6 outlay by 99 categories. Great for taxes. 32k.
MAILING LIST
Moke5 labels, printouts and alphabetized lists, M/L sort,
APPOINTMENT DOOK
Print a calendar with any number of memos/doy. (32k Requires
printer with compressed character)
GRADE DOOK
Make rolls & grade sheets, complete with stots ond totcta
ALSO AVAILABLE
Fhorve Book Sales Record, Car ftepoifS, Diet Delight, Grocery List,
The Fine Prlnti
Order two programs maximum. Send shipping/handling jo odvonce
CI — $4,00; 2— £6.00). After using the program, pay only what the program
is worth to you. Let s try applying right livelihood to. the software Industry?
i r —
j
Specify 1 6/32K and type of printer.
GPG-II Graphics Program
Is 'Totally Rad, Man!'
"Wow! That's really rad man!" That is how my younger
brother, using the truncated form of the word "Radical,"
would say: "Gee, that's interesting" and rad fully describes
the GPG-II that I have had the opportunity to review. This
unique graphics program lets you draw on the Hi-Res screen
with the keyboard. But the really rad part is that this one will
create a BASIC program to redraw your graphics! I got a big
kick seeing my doodles redrawn before my eyes. "Like
Narly!"
Oneofthemorefun features is the text command. It is an
ML subroutine that is truly powerful. In the text mode, all
keys have auto repeatand screen wraparound. Youalsocan
place the cursor any place on the screen. You have full
control of the cursor with the arrow keys. This lets you do
some neat special effects, as you can see in the sample print. I
do have to point out that this font is a little hard to read.
Some of the letters, such as 4 N' and 'S,' are a little iffy. But,
aside from this, the text is very easy to use.
I wish I had some good things to say about the documen-
tation. All I ask is to have all the information I need there.
My biggest shock came when the instructions for the Circle
Command told me to read the Extended BASIC manual for
an explanation. Understandably, good documentation takes
time. But the extra effort and expense will always pay off.
This is a good tool, but beginners will not find much help
here.
One plus I must mention. This package comes with a
complete listing of both BASIC and M L. This made custom-
izing very easy (who leaves their programs untouched?). The
first thing I tried was to have it save to disk. To do so,
remove the minus sign from lines 333 and 345. Then drop the
'C from line 329. There is also a chapter on how to make a
backup of the package.
When you are ready to save your picture, the fun starts.
You have the option to save in ASCII or binary. The ASCII
option will save the commands to draw your graphics. You
also specify the starting line number. This makes merging to
an existing program easy. The binary option saves all the
information on the screen in binary format. This is the only
way to save the text with your pictures. There is also
included in the documentation a short program to reload a
binary screen.
In summary, I feel the GPG-II is a very good tool to create
graphics and graphics programs. Beginners will have a
rough start. But it's not that hard to learn. I would like to see
a different font for the text. Maybe we will see a GPG-III? If
anything, get this for the text feature. It really is powerful
and a breeze to use.
(CoCoDATA Enterprises, 1215 Emeralda Drive, Orlando,
FL 32808, GPG-I $11,95, GPG-II $16,95)
—Walter Seay
Dnjck Associates
6609 Westmoreland Ave.
Takama Park, MD 20912
(301 ) 270-5822
Free cotafcjgue on reqtiesi
230 the RAINBOW June, 1983
(ft
0
|3
o
COLOR TERM + PLUS +
An Intelligent Terminal Program For The ( -olor
Computer or TOP 1(K).
Features:
BAUD RATE - 1 10 to 19200
Half or Full Duplex
One or two Stop Bits
()(5d, Even or No Parity
Word WRAP
Turn off lowercase Letters
Send All Control Characters
Print Buffer
Examine Buffer
Send & Receive BASK 1 or Machine Language Programs
or Files.
Editor allows entry of text into Buffer as well as
Editing of Buffer.
(Disk Version Has more powerful Editor)
Special Feature:
Code & Decode ANYTHING in the Buffer for Secure
Transmission or Storage I'sing a I 'ser defined key word
PRICE S29.95 (Tape) S39.95 (Disk) Ink or :$2k lieq.
Use your MODEM for something other
than a dust catcher — play games!
Two tapes and two sets of instructions are includ-
ed with each MODEM game.
MODEM CHESS I fse your Modem and your Color Com-
puter to play chess oivr the phone* Has high res color
graphics hoard and pieces. Make your move, select a
message to send, press a hut ton — seconds later your-op-
ponent's hoard is updated automatically. Has audio
alerts, let's you know when a move is heing made.
H)k or :12k Kxt BASIC \\vi\.
PRICE $39.95 (tape)** D
PRICK $;19.95 (tape)** D
UNDERGROUND
Tired of playing adventure games that have a limited
vocabulary'' Underground gives a detailed description
of your surroundings, just like a main-frame adventure!
There are over 90 separate rooms, passageways, etc.
Discover what the mysterious machine does, what lies in
the Egyptian sarcophagus, how do you tame the guard-
ian of Hell's Gate, where is the fabled golden apple?
Everything is up to you. You give the orders, you are the
hero. This adventure is not for the faint of heart! You
can suspend your game at any time and continue later.
Takes from ft to 20 hours to play.
'32K ext. BASIC Req. PRICE $26.95 Disk only
1^} MODEM CHECKERS
MODEM IAGO
o
3
TAPENAME
Tapename seanhes tape and stores I he mum- of an>
program or file You can prim (he information i i (he
screen, printer or tape. Also chocks for load errors
4k, Ink. or 32k Ho*, or Kxt HASH'
PRICE S7.95 (tape)' D
COLOR DISK SAVER
Saves a disk to tape. Reloads disk from saved (ape \lsn
has iap^> verify command! M2k Kx( HANK' Hoi|
PRICK S 12.95 (tape)' " D
CURSOR II
Hate that blinking cursor" 1 Tired nl seeing the < innpnlei
print <>K" after your program just bombed 1 Cursor II
changes the cursor to a solid, non-flashing red Kntei
any message up to L? im> characters in length Voui
message will he displayed Mislead of "UK -
4k, 10k. or:}:* Reg. or Kxt. BASIC
PRICK S4.95 (tape)*
SUPER PEEKER
This is a BASIC program (hat will allow (he User lo r\
plore i he inside of the < ohu combiner Kxploie the
IKis.sihihtics with Super Pecker.
16k or 32k Ext BASIC Ren
PRICE *9.95 (tape)'-
COLOR BIORHYTHM Are von up <»t down loda\.
tomorrow, or years from now? Kind out with (*<>!.< lU
BIOKIIYTIIM. Uses high res graphics Send the ( hart to
printer. Hik or 32k Kxt MASK' Re<j.
PRICE SI4.95 (ta|M>) D
DD CLOCK Don't forget what tune it is when >ou are
programming. The time is displayed in the upper right
comer of your screen Shows hours, minutes and
seconds. Keeps ever.v hour.
4k. Hik. or 32k. (Exl. BASIC not required )
PRICK $9.95 (la|M<)' I)
AUTO LOAD Auto \ahuI will put any program oi file
from ta|M' to dink! All nuuhtne language programs that
load helow lite top of your disk system are modified so
IhHt they will operate properly with a disk s\ stein!
Hikor L'k Ext. BASH' Kt-q
PRICK 112.95 (t;,|H*)*
IMvICK $39.95 (tape)'* D _
COLOR COMPUTER/TDP-100
SUPER-PRO
REPLACEMENT KEYBOARD KIT
ONLY $69.95
GALACTIC MATH
Load this game into your computer and start playing!
This is a math tutor that is really an arcade game! Keep
those saucers from landing! There are no "happy faces"
or "funny clowns" in this math program. This is a multi-
level addition and multiplication quiz. You select the dif-
ficulty level. This program uses high resolution color
graphics and shows the score, elapsed time, number of
hits, number of misses and number of ' bases' ' left to the
player. Adults may start this game, but the kids will
finish it! This program has been teacher and kid tested.
Realistic explosions and laser fire sounds make this pro-
gram a winner' This program rates an A + . For grades 1
and up. 16Kor 32 Kxt BASIC Req. PRICE $15.95(tape)D
COLOR DOCTOR
Discuss your problems with your computer. Color Doc-
tor will discuss your problems with you. This is a great
party program! Your friends will not believe that your
computer is lutkiiigbackto thentfls it intelligent? It sure
seems like it!
MiK ext. BASIC Req. PRICE $15.95 (tape) D
^(//V/ CLONE ATTACK
Blast those nasties as they apj>ear! 3 skill levels and 9
levels of difficulty. Uses • high res color graphics.
Joysticks required. 16k or 32k Ext. BASIC only.
PRICE 115.95 (tane)(Disk 32k only)
*A8Ti moon base invasion
Nuclear l>omhs are ncaring your cities! Can you stop
them before they reach you? High res graphics.
16k or 32k Ext. BASIC Req
PRICC 112.95 (tape)D
_________
Based on popular Othello game. Match wits with your
computer! Uses high res color graphics. 5 levels of dif-
ficulty. Joysticks required. 16k or 32 Ext. BASIC.
PRICE SI 5.95 (tape)D
•Stiflware Authors Nolo*
We are looking for qunlii> software, if you have ; \ pro-
gram you think is a winner, send it in us. If it meets our
standards, you will Itc paid Top mystifies
o
e
ffl
(A
COLOR KEY COMMAND
Looking f or a powerf ul programmer's aid, but you don't
have a fortune to spend? This program is for you! Look
at these features: two keystroke entry of more than HO
Basic. Extend Basic, and Disk Basic commands. Select
the color of your cursor. Select the prompt you want —
no more "OK' when a program bomhs! Automatic line
numbering — you select the start line and increment! 4
custom programmable keys for a total of 64 characters
each — enter whole lines with two key presses! Copy
any line with the copy command. Merge ta|>e programs
together automatically Redefine any or all keys with a
short ba-sic program we supply. How can you gel all this
and more for. so little? Because you make the keyboard
overlay! We give you a template with all commands
printed on it — you cut it out and use it. That is all there
is lo it! Note; Not all features are availahle on every
machine; some require Extended or Disk Basic to work
properly. 16K or 32K Req. PRICE $18.95 (tape)* D
O
O
c ■
£i
o
If!
ft
* All machine code D Disk Compatible
' * BASIC with machine code subroutines
Specify Disk when ordering and add $5.00 per program
Save* money and ask that all ordered programs l>e loaded
on one disk. You pay only for the one disk! Please add
$ J.00 shipping and handling on all orders. No extra
charge on C< )f) orders, Mastercard and VISA accepted.
Charge orders add 3*.. Texas residents add o'tr, sales tax.
Allow two weeks for personal checks. Your order will
usually In* shipped within two or three days. We will
notif.v you of any problems within one week. Send 20
u'ltt stamp for frvv catalog.
Send orders to:
DOUBLE DENSITY SOFTWARE
>»20 Baldwin Street
Demon. Texas 7620 1 I WS4
Phono HI 7/506.2004
June, 1983 the RAINBOW 231
EDUCATION
Education
And The Color Computer
By
Dr. Paul Kimmelman
It is amazing to find out how many of you are so en-
thusiastic about your Color Computer. I have heard
from several Color Computer users who want their local
school districts to purchase Radio Shack computer equip-
ment rather than other brands.
If we are to continue to help the popularity of the Color
Computer, it will be necessary to demonstrate to school
officials the amazing amount of software available for
school use. One quick review of a copy of the Rainbow
would support anyone who doubts there is software cur-
rently available for serious educational use.
I can also say that Radio Shack is preparing some exciting
software for Color Computer users. I recently visited Tandy
headquarters and met with educational director Bill Gattis
and many other fine people from Radio Shack. The future
of the Color Computer is exciting.
Programs such as Color Chemistry, Author I and a new
Talk Tutor on astronomy are only a small part of a future
plan to build a Color Computer curriculum. Gattis recog-
COMPUTER
WEEKLY
CAN YOU AFFORD $1 A WEEK?
The CCW Newsletter will give you this if you can:
• An Issue loaded with program listings of all sorts
( for just a buck a week— unbelievable) !
• Latest news and information — if it happens on
Monday you'll know about it by Friday
{for a mere 100 cents a week) !
• Mailed out to you first class every week!
{A t last a reason to live from week to week) !
• Free software/hardware manufacturer's directory
{This alone is worth the price of the subscription, and
we even send regular updates to subscribers. ) !
All it takes is ten thin dimes a week to bring meaning to your
life. Cumulatively we'll take payment in the following ways:
□ Charge my Visa or MasterCard at once for
the full amount ($52/year)
□ Charge my Visa or MasterCard quarterly
at the rate of $13 every three months
□ Here's my check for $14 for the first quarter, bill me
in three months for the next quarter (we have to charge
you extra to send out those bills)
□ Here's my check for $52 for the full year
hurry and send me my first issue
Name _
Address
City _
□ Visa □ MC Exp. Date
Tiny Signature
State
#
Zip
Send to: CCW • P.O. Box 1355 • Boston, MA 02205
nized the potential of the education market and this can only
solidif y f uture development of sof tware f or those of you who
work either by yourself or with your children on the Color
Computer.
LOGO
I still believe LOGO is an essential beginning for the
young computer user. In talking with George Gerhold, one
of the authors of Color LOGO, I learned more about the
application of LOGO in schools. Gerhold noted that while
LOGO is an appropriate language f or young children, its use
does not restrict it to beginners. As a matter of fact, Ger-
hold's college students work with LOGO using structured
programming, problem-solving exercises, recursion, anima-
tion, and multi-tasking.
Further, maybe Color LOGO is in a league of its own and
those who compare it to Apple LOGO are making an unfair
comparison. Who said Apple should set the standards for
LOGO software? Interestingly enough, those who use Apple
LOGO don't have as much user memory as Color LOGO.
Another criticism may even be a moot point f or elementary
school use, the floating decimal.
I am yet to hear an elementary teacher indicate that a
floating decimal is important or even used. I verified this by
asking a representative from the Houston, Tex., schools
who teaches LOGO how many times he has used a decimal.
His response: "Never."
Color LOGO is a great program. Every Color Computer
owner should purchase the ROM version which will soon
be(if not already) in the stores. Look for Radio Shack to
follow the ROM LOGO release with teacher and parent rce
manuals. These manuals are excellent and will assist every
LOGO user.
I plan to devote a portion of each monthly column to
LOGO. Our school district is in the process of establishing
"Color Computer LOGO Learning Labs." Please send me
copies of your programs and comments.
EDUCATION
One aspect of computer use in the schools that is getting
some serious attention is word processing. I hope to explore
this in a future column.
For now, however, be advised that one of the Rainbow's
advertisers, Cognitec, is willing to donate some copies of its
early Telewriter version to schools or charitable institutions.
If you are interested, send a letter with your request and
number of copies needed to Howard Cohen in care of
Cognitec.
Cohen has indicated that you will be able to reproduce the
early version and its manual. And, while it may be necessary
for you to pay shipping and handling, it would certainly be a
small charge for a generous offer.
232 the RAINBOW June, 1983
Software Review
Colorful Banner
Can Get Your Message Across
Want to welcome home a family member or friend who's
been away? Want to get the crowd's attention at your display
at the next R AINBOWfest? Want to encourage your kids to
familiarize themselves with the CoCo's keyboard layout?
BANNER can do all these things and more. It's described as
a "Moving Marquee Program" and what it essentially does
is give you the ability to scroll a message across the screen in
giant letters.
The program is written in machine language and requires
at least 16K ECB to run. It comes with eight full-size pages
of some of the best program documentation I've seen.
After loading and executing the program, you are pre
sented with a title page. One key stroke and you are looking
at a well laid out command menu. Hit the "G" key and you
are looking at a demo message that shows all the program's
capabilities. Hit the BREAK key and you're back at the
Command Menu. From the Command Menu you can select
the scrolling rate, the colors used, the number of characters
on the screen at one time, and the delay time between the
appearance of each character in the message. You can also
STARTa
1* - - ■ tit — "
\
COnPUTCR PROGRAMS
TRS-Be MODEL i>3 J6K LEVEL II
TRS-80 16* COLOR
S3 FROG PACE «3
DEMO PROGRAM FROG RACE COMES ON CASSETTE UZTH I
REFUND COUPON TO USE ON YOUR NEXT ORDER.
FROG RACE CASSETTE $3. WITH CATALOG
PAK NO.
DUO-PAK-1
DUO-PAK-2
DUO-PAK-3
DUO-PAK-4
DUO-PAK-3
DUO-PAK-6
DUO-PAK-7
OUO-PAK-B
DUO-PAK-9
DUO-PAK-1 0
DUO-PAK-1 1
DUO-PAK-1 2
DUO-PAK-1 3
DUO-PAKS ARE
PROGRAM SIDE
GONE FISHING
CRAPS
STARSHIP
TANK ATTACK
NUMBER GUESS
IN-BETUEEN
SAFARI
MORTAR BATTLE
TEASERS
PT BOAT
CHEK-CHES
THINK
TREASURE ISLAND
DUO-PAK-S00 DC-OHMS LAW
DUO-PAK-501 IC-TIMER-1 — -
tt%%t%t*ttt%%t%tttttttt%tttt*****tt*t%ttt%tt%*%
SYSTEM PROGRAMS EACH
*10 EACH.
1 / PROGRAM SIDE 2
/ CONCENTRATION
/ SLOT-MACHINE
' SHERLOCK HOLMES
/ ASSOCIATION
/ DICE ROLL
/ SHELL GAME
✓ STARSHIP-2
✓ PU22LE
/ MOUSE
/ TURTLE RACE
✓ STARSHIP-3
/ LUCK t LOGIC
/ RESCUE
/ FLC-FRC
/ IC-TIMER 2
SUi CASSETTE COPY ✓ CASSETTE COPY
***********************************************
ORDERS WILL BE SENT BY FIRST CLASS MAIL PPD.
SORRY NO COD'S
BE SURf TO SPECIFY WHICH COMPUTER YOU HAVE.
8. ERICKSON P.O. BOX 11099
CHICAGO, IL. 60*11
call up a set of well written 'Help Pages' in case you can't
remember what does what. They will help you enter the text
editor, save a message to tape or disk, or read in a message
from tape or disk. (The access to disk is limited to the disk
version only.) You may select from two modes of operation.
The message mode scrolls whatever message you've entered
via the text editor and the typewriter mode is a 'fun mode' to
convert all of your keyboard input into giant letters that
scroll across the screen.
The text editor is used to create any message a maximum
of 5 1 1 characters long. It utilizes the full ASCII set including
punctuation and lower case. Lower case is input by hitting
SHIFT/ ZERO to unlock the upper case mode. You can
add, change and delete characters with its full screen editing
capabilities. Control codes can be embedded in the message
to vary the scrolling rate, delay time, colors, line size and
even make the message pause. The editing commands are
simple and easy to learn.
Since the program saves and loads messages in ASCII
f ormat, messages can be saved on tape or disk for f uture use
from a short, simple basic program included in the docu-
mentation. You can even embed the control codes by mark-
ing them with CHR$(86).
I can't say enough good things about the documentation.
It's well written, contains a comprehensive table of contents
and covers about anything you would want to know about
the program. There is even a page devoted to how to recover
from 1/0 errors when reading in messages and what might
be the probable cause of them. According to the documenta-
tion, you should be able to recover, with your message
intact, from any system error by typing EXEC. The program
will even stop and warn you if you try to load a file if it is not
in ASCII format.
I've referred to giant letters. Well, that's an apt descrip-
tion. They're about two-thirds the height of the screen dis-
play, and you can have four to six on the screen at the same
time. Starting and stopping the message is as easy as pres-
sing the "G" or BREAK keys. You can use any of the eight
colors, either one at a time or, by entering zero via the color
selection command, get all eight colors alternating character
to character.
The program is easy to use, entertaining and has a myriad
of applications from parties to advertising in a retail envi-
ronment. Heck . . . you could even set your CoCo's screen up
in the picture window and wish all your neighbors and
passer sby a Merry Christmas. I recommend it highly.
(Micro Technical Products, Inc., 123 N. Sirrone, Suite 106,
Mesa, AZ 85201, $19 tape, $23 )
—Randall Smith
EPROM PRGRAMMER 1K-16K X 8
PLUGS INTO CAR. SLOT CDF THE BOC U6K> . PROGRAM (ML)
ON CASS. CONTAINS! ERASED7-PRQGRAM-VER I FV -MOVE ROM-
RAM-EX AM/CHANGE MEM. COMES WITH 5-P.M.'S FOR 1-8K
EPROMS IN THE 25/2700 SERIES (5V ONLY) *85. OTHER
P.M.'S AVAILABLE FOR 16K AND 68700 SERIES FOR *5 EA.
EPROM ERASER FOR *85 HAS A 44-CHIP CAPACITY, SOON TO
BE RELEASED, A MONITOR THAT WILL TRACE/SINGLE STEP
RAM OR ROM! ! ALSO AVAILABLE 28-24 PIN ADAPTERS FDR
USING 2764 OR 2564 EPROMS IN THE BASIC OR EX. BASIC
SOCKET $3.50 / 2-*6 (SPECIFY TYPE). ALLOW 2-WEEKS
FOR PERSONAL CHECKS TO CLEAR BANK. ADD S2.50 FOR
POSTAGE .
INTRONICS
(913) 422-2094
P.O. BOX 13723
EDWARDSV ILLE * KS.
66113
June, 1983 the RAINBOW 233
Game Master's Apprentice
Who Is This
One Called 'CVCVC ?
By Bob Albrecht and George Firedrake
Rainbow Contributing Editors
Millions of young people, and many not-so-young,
are playing fantasy role playing games. A role
playing game is a game in which one or more
players create and control characters (adventurers) who live
their imaginary lives in a specially made game world. The
game world is created, managed, and operated by a
GameMaster (GM), also called a referee, adventure master,
or dungeon master (DM).
Micro Catalog
□WOUHT HMDWMU * BOFTWJ
"TAKE ADVANTAGE OF VOLUME BUYING"
- Some software houses offer up
to 50% off for volume buying.
- We are dealers for over one
hundred different software
houses .
- We market over one thousand
different programs .
- CONFIDENTIAL price list.
- NEWSLETTER
- SPECIAL BUYS
- 150 Page CATALOG
- Authors we pay 50%
Please send $9.95 for CATALOG
and CONFIDENTIAL PRICE LIST
P.O. Box 3703 Peoria, II. 61614
Most people who play role playing games use a formal
rule system. Some of the best known are shown below.
Dungeons & Dragons (D&D). From TSR Hobbies,
P.O. Box 756, Lake Geneva, WI 53147.
RuneQuest (RQ). From Chaosium, P.O. Box 6302,
Albany, CA 94706.
Tunnels & Trolls (T&T). From Blade, Box 1467,
Scottsdale, AZ 85252.
Worlds of Wonder (WOW). From Chaosium, P.O.
Box 6302, Albany, CA 94706.
BEGINNERS BEWARE! The rulebooks are very diffi-
cult to understand. If you are a beginner, first try Worlds of
Wonder or Tunnels & Trolls.
Also try this excellent book:
Through Dungeons Deep by Robert Plamondon.
From Reston Publishing Company, ll 400 Sunset
Hills Road, Reston, VA 22090.
True Names and Other Names
Here is our program to generate random names such as
ROKAR, BARAK, or MIKOS. These names all have the
form: CONSONANT, VOWEL, CONSONANT, VOWEL,
CONSONANT.
100 REM**RANDOM NAMES
300 REM**MAKE * PRINT 28 NAMES
310 CLS
320 FOR K-l TO 28
330 : GOSUB 610
340 : PRINT NAME*,
390 NEXT K
500 REM**TELL HOW TO DO AGAIN
910 PRINT
920 PRINT 11 FOR MORE NAMES p PRESS
SPACE" |
930 IF INKEY* - 11 11 THEN 310 ELS
E 930
600 REM**MAKE A NAME SUBR.
234
the RAINBOW June, 1983
610
620
630
640
650
660
670
810
820
830
840
899
910
920
930
940
950
NAME* - ■«
0OSUB 810
608UB 910
0O8UB 810
B08UB 910
BdSUB 810
RETURN
REM** ADD A CONSONANT 8U8R.
C*»"BCDF0HJKLMNPQR8TVWXYZ "
RC - RND(2l>
RC* - MID*(Ct, RC, 1)
NAMEt ■ NAMC^ + RCt
RETURN
■
■
REM** ADD A VOWEL SUBR.
V«- N AEIOUY"
RV - RND(6)
RV« - MD«(V«, RV P 1)
NAME* - NAME* ♦ RV*
RETURN
We ran several bunches of names. Here are some of the
ones we like: SYREL, KUMUN, GANYZ, XUMEK,
TIRIM, JEDUN, ZENIB, ZYRIV, PAXUN, KEZE,
DORUN, GULUM, DUNAM, LYLAN, JEDOV, and
SAKEM.
You can easily modify the program to get names with a
different consonant-vowel structure. Change only block
600. However, why not write a program that is more gen-
eral? For example, it might go like this:
NAME STRUCTURE? CVCVC
20 names
FOR MORE NAMES, PRESS SPACE
FOR NEW STRUCTURE, PRESS'S'
If we press the space bar, we get 20 more names of the
form CVCVC. But if we press the 'S' key, we can enter a new
structure.
Game Master's Dice
Last time, we challenged you to write a program to roll N
dice, each with S sides. We suggested that a RUN might go
like this.
DICE? 3D6 Three six-sided dice
12
DICE? 2D6 Two seven-sided dice
6
DICE? DD Digit Die (0 to 9)
4
DICE? P Percentile roll (0 to 99)
73
DICE? D20 One twenty-sided die
16
DICE? and so on.
We are going to use this problem to explore a bunch of
Find The
COLOR COMPUTER INFORMATION
YOU NEED
COLOR COMPUTER INDEX O
COLOR COMPUTER CATALOG 9
American Library and Information Services
Dept. R, 3705 Mary Ellen NE. Albuquerque, NM 87111
Gentlemen:
Z Yes! Send me COLOR COMPUTER INDEX 1980-1981 at $5 (Canada and Mexico $6)
3 Yes! Sign me up for COLOR COMPUTER INDEX 1982 (4 issues) for $16 (Canada and Mexico $20)
Yes! Sign me up for COLOR COMPUTER CATALOG 1982 (two issues) for $20 (Canada and Mexico $24)
□ YES! Sign me up for Color Computer Index 1983 (Six issues for $24— Canada & Mexico $30)
□ YES! Sign me up for Color Computer Index 1883 (Two issues for $20— Canada & Mexico $24)
Single Issues:
Color Computer Index $6 U.S. (Except 1980-1981)
Color Computer Catalog $12 U.S.
Name - ~ „ - . . , , , „ „ — _
Address _ . , _ — — . . „ „ . . . _ — — — .
City - - - — . . - State Zip
June, 1983 the RAINBOW 235
programming techniques. We will begin with a primitive
program and explain how it works, piece by piece. Here are
the first pieces, blocks 100 and 300.
100 REM**6AHEHASTER'S DICE
110 CL8
300 REM** ASK WHAT TO ROLL (D*>
310 PRINT
320 INPUT "DICE* I D*
330 IF LEN(D*>-0 THEN 310
We expect the user to type something recognizable such as
3D6 or P or DD or D20 or ... ? Whatever he or she types is
assigned to the string variable D$.
First, let's take care of the easy stuff. If you type 'P' and
press ENTER, we know you want a Percentile roll. If you
type 'DD' and press ENTER, we know you want a Digit Die
roll.
400 REM**PERCENT I LE ROLL
410 IF D*<>"P" THEN 910
420 ROLL - RND(100> - 1
430 PRINT ROLL: GOTO 310
500 REM**DIGIT DIE ROLL
910 IF DtO"DD" THEN 610
920 ROLL - RNDU0) - 1
930 PRINT ROLL: GOTO 310
(617) 339-3734
We Specialize In Color Computer Programs
Call or Write For Our Catalog
ARCADE STYLE UTILITIES EDUCATIONAL
Pac Attac
Galax Attax
Storm
ADVENTURE
Madness &
Mihatour
Keys of the
Wizard
El Diablaro
Tape to Disk
Disassembler
Assemblers
PERSONAL
Budget
Spelling
Math
Geography
BUSINESS
Word Processing
Inventory
Stock Analysis Gen. Ledgers
If you don't type 'P' or 'DD," you get to line 610. Now we
assume you typed 3D6 or 2D7 or D20 or something similar.
Remember, 3D6 means three dice, each with six sides. D20
means one die with twenty sides.
So, let's find the position of the letter D in D$. Call the
position PD.
600 REM**F I ND 'D' IN D*
610 FOR PD-1 TO LEN < D* >
620 : X* - MID*<D* 9 PD 9 1)
630 : IF X»*"D" THEN 710
640 NEXT PD
650 PRINT " I DON'T UNDERSTAND 11
660 GOtO 310
♦If D$is3D6, then PD is 2
♦If D$ is D20, then PD is 1
♦If D$ is 10D8, then PD is 3
Having found the position of *D' with D$, we move on.
Next, we want to find out how many dice to "roll."
700 REM**NUMBER OF DICE , N
710 IF PD-1 THEN N-l
720 IF PD>1 THEN N-VAL(Dt)
Aha! If the first character of D$ is 'D,' we will roll one die.
Otherwise, we assume someone wants more dice rolled or
has specified one die, as in 1D6 or ID 10. Of course, you
people who like to crunch stuff into the smallest memory
space might combine lines 710 and 720 into one incompre-
hensible line:
710 IFPD-lTHENN-lELSEN-VAL(Dt)
Household
Expense
Always feel free to crunch our programs!
Now we want to find the number of sides (S) f or each die.
This, of course, is to the right of 'D.'
600 REM**NUMBER OF SIDES
810 LD « LEN (DO
820 S« - RIGHT* <D* f LD-PD)
830 8 - VAL<8«>
Here are some examples:
Over 100 Different Programs in Stocks
200 Chauncy Street
Mansfield, MA 02048
*Visa and M.G. Accepted*
BO(o)IP
DS
PD
LD
LP-PD
S$
S
3D6
2
3
1
"6"
6
2D12
2
4
2
"12"
12
D6
1
2
1
"6"
6
10D6
3
4
1
"6"
6
D12
1
3
2
"12"
12
236
the RAINBOW June, 1983
The time has arrived to roll the dice, print the result, and
go back for another request.
900 REM*»ROLL ND8
910 IF N-0 THEN ROLL-0:QOTO 1010
920 IF 8-0 THEN ROLL-0: GOTO 1010
930 ROLL - 0
940 FOR KK-1 TO N
990 : DIE - RND(8)
960 : ROLL - ROLL + DIE
970 NEXT KK
999 :
1000 REH**PRINT ROLL & 80 BACK
1010 PRINT ROLL
1020 GOTO 310
There is always another way. We will explore other ways
to do this program. In the meantime, YOUR TURN:
•CHARACTER FINDER begins at line 1000. To run
type RUN and press ENTER.
•SCAN CHARACTER FILE begins at line 2000. To
run it, type RUN 2000 and press ENTER.
•To stop either program, press BREAK.
•The programs both use three subroutines, located at
lines 10000, 11000, and 12000.
•Both programs use a common data base, beginning
at line 30000.
Compare these programs with their earlier versions in the
March and April issues. We have chosen line numbers to
help you easily compare. If you don't have the March and
April issues, send a self -addressed, stamped envelope to Bob
and George, P.O. Box 310, Menlo Park, CA 94025. We'll
send you copies of both programs. While you are at it, let us
know what you like or don't like about "GameMaster's
Apprentice."
First Program:
1000 REM**CHARACTER FINDER
1200 REM**WHO* 18 CHARACTER
1210 CL8
1220 INPUT "NAME OF CHARACTER" I
WHO*
1300 REM##BEQ INNING OF FILE
1310 RESTORE
1400 REM**READ RECORD, EOF?
1410 G08UB 11010
1420 IF NAYM*-"ENDFILE" THEN 143
0 ELSE 1510
1430 PRINT "I DON'T KNOW " WHO*
1440 GOSUB 10010: SOTO 1210
1500 REM** I 8 IT WHO* ?
1510 IF NAYM*-WHO* THEN 1610 ELS
E 1410
SINK YOUR TEETH INTO
A BUNCH OF JUICY BUGS
When you're getting the bugs0f& out of your own programs, you can feel pretty
stupid about your mistakes.
But it can be very satisfying when you squash somebody else's bugs.
Which is why we put out cassettes full of buggy programs for the 16K Extended
Basic CoCo.
People send us promising programs. If you can get the bugs out of their programs,
we'll try to sell them. And everybody shares the profits.
Send $9 for a sample cassette of 20 or so buggy
programs. Or $5 with a program you'd like debugged.
Or send $12 for both.
DEBUG
114 West Central St.
Natick, MA 01760
June, 1983 the RAINBOW 237
1600 REM**TELL HOW TO DO AGAIN
1610 BOSUB 12010
Buy a disk drive for
your Co-Co that's
better and saves
you money!
7 AND ON 40trk DISK DRIVES
DRIVE 0 $449.
DRIVE 1 $249.
I II
h
DRIVE 0& 1 $669. (dual case and power supply)!
Double Sided 40trk TANDON Drives
DRIVE 0/1 $549 DRIVE 2/3 $349.
DRIVE 0/1/2/3 $869. (dual case)
WICO COCO TRACKBALL $69.
WICO JOYSTICK $24.95
16K CHIP SET $14.95
64K CHIP SET (8) $64.
JCAT AUTO/ANSWER MODEM $139.
4
I
%
Since this ad was formatted in January^
printer prices were expected to go
down, please call our toll free number
for the latest pricing and availability.
| 48K 2 DRIVE MODEL III $1695.
120 Day Warranty
Visa , MasterCard , Money Orders , Personal Checks
Require 3 Weeks , and Wire Transfers.
COMPUKIT
1-800-231-6671
1-713-480-6000
16Z0S0 Hickory Knott Houston, Texas 77059
1700 REM**TELL HOW TO DO AGAIN
1710 GOSUB 10010: GOTO 1210
Second Program:
2000 REM**SCAN CHARACTER FILE
2010 CLS
2300 REM**BEG INNING OF FILE
2310 RESTORE
2400 REM**READ A RECORD
2410 GOSUB 11010
2500 REM**D I SPLAY RECORD
2510 GOSUB 12010
2700 REM**TELL HOW TO DO AGAIN
2710 GOSUB 10010
2G00 REM**START OVER IF ENDFILE
2G10 IF NAYM*-" ENDFILE" THEN 231
0 ELSE 2410
Three Subroutines:
10000 REM**DO AGAIN SUBROUTINE
10010 PRINT
10020 PRINT "TO DO AGAIN, PRESS
ANY KEY "|
10030 IF I NKEY*" " " THEN 10030
SE RETURN
11000 REM**READ RECORD SUBR.
11010 READ NAYM*
11020 READ STR, CON, SIZ, INQ,
0W„ DEX, CHA
11030 RETURN
12000
12010
12020
12030
12040
12050
12060
12070
120G0
12090
REM**PRINT RECORD SUBR.
CLS
PRINT NAYM* :
PRINT "STR"
"CON"
PRINT
PRINT
PRINT
PRINT
PRINT
PRINT
"SIZ"
"INT"
"POW"
"DEX"
"CHA"
PRINT
STR
CON
SIZ
INQ
POW
DEX
CHA: RETURN
Data Base:
30000 REM**CHARACTER RECORDS
30010 DATA ALOYSIOUS, 10, 11, 10
, 12, 10, 12, 9
30020 DATA BAROSTAN, 17, 17, 13,
238
the RAINBOW June, 1983
Op 7, 15, 6
30030 DATA BRIDLAp 11, 12, 10, 1
5, 6, 11, 6
30040 DATA DERNFARA, 13, 13, Q,
13, 4, 17, 6
30090 DATA JOLEEN, 13, 11, 7, 13
, Q, 17, 13
30060 DATA ROKANA, 9, 9, 9, 17,
1Q, 9, 10
30070 DATA ENDFILE, 0, 0, 0, 0,
Although we didn't try it, we believe this program will run
okay on a TRS-80 Model I or Model III. That's why we used
NAYMS instead of NAMES, which is a reserved word on
Models I & III. If someone out there checks this out, please
let us know what happened.
YOUR TURN - Combine the two programs into a single
program with a menu that lets the user select which program
he or she wants. Also modify each program so a user can
elect to continue to use the program or get back to the menu.
A run might begin like this:
YOU CAN FIND A CHARACTER RECORD
BY NAME OF CHARACTER OR YOU CAN
SCAN ENTIRE RECORD FILE.
MENU:
TO FIND A RECORD,
TO SCAN FILE,
TO RETURN TO MENU,
PRESS '1'
PRESS '2'
PRESS '0'
In each sub-program, use the space bar to continue within
the program and the zero key
to return to the menu. Tell the user about this. For example,
after displaying a record, the CoCo might say:
TO DO AGAIN, PRESS SPACE
TO RETURN TO MENU, PRESS 4 CT
Coming Attractions
Surely, but slowly, we will explore the following things:
The elusive RUN.
GameMaster's Dice.
Looking up stuff in files. First, files of informa-
tion in DATA statements and arrays. Next,
cassette files. Eventually, disk files.
Whatever else comes to mind or is suggested by
you.
What do you want? If it fits into the general idea of
"GameMaster's Apprentice," we might do it. Send your
suggestions, complaints, kudos, requests, whatever ... to
George & Bob, P.O. Box 310 Menlo Park, CA 94025.
Federal Hill Software
Coco-Accountant
Was income tax a chore this year? Use
the power of your Color Computer to make those
deductions a breeze. Keep track of household
or business expenses quickly and easily using
data from your canceled checks. 16K version
handles 200 entries; 32K handles up to 450.
Both versions:
* List expenses by month
* List expenses by account (year or month)
* List expenses by payee (year or month)
* Sort checks by date
* List to screen or printer.
In addition, 32K version flags deductible
checks, flags checks subject to sales tax and
computes the sales tax you paid. 16K Cassette
$15.95. 32K Disk $21.95.
Blackjaq!
This is as close as you can get to the
real thing without losing your shirt. A full
casino simulation wi