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Page 4
the RAINBOW December, 1 982
Under The Rainbow
FEATURE ARTICLES
* 10 PLAYING COCO FOR THE HOLIDAYS Sara Nolan
The author explains how to translate music into CoCo Play
commands and provides some Christmas and Chanakah
songs for your enjoyment
29 PATCHING EDTASM+ TO RUN ON DISK Ik^. Roger Schrag
Now enjoy the convenience of a disk version of Radio Shack's
Editor/ Assembler with these patches.
* 34 A CHRISTMAS EVE FIREPLACE . . Peter Stumpf
This one will decorate your house, and just in the (St) Nick
-@r : ' of time, to£5 ; } . ^ ,
* 54 LET'S LOOK AT MEMORY . ... Lester Hands
A way to get inside your RAM m
61 ADVENTURE REPORT \ « X 4-1* - — • ■ — rmr ' Staff
An update on the big Adventure Contest
* 62 LETTERS EVERY WHICHWAY ^ . ! Joseph Kolar
Vertical letters can do neat things for your screen displays
* 66 LET'S WRITE SOME MUSIC | Larry Konecky
Move over Beethoven, CoCd doesn't even need paper m
* 76 PARACHUTE OR FREE FALL? Joe Bennett and C E. Laidlaw
This month's game has its ups and downs— mostly the tatter
* 85 MOVING GRAPHICS . . . . . SL. - John W. Dana
This short program gMI all sorts of "different' 1 graphics
* 98 DRIVING TOWARD ADVENTURE . . . . Geoff Wells
Here's a way to plug in your own tricks into an Adventure
* 110 THREE DISK UTILITIES ip| . . . . . , Paul Selig
These programs will help you make your media mind
* 114 UNIDATFL REVISITED? W Arnold Weiss
Our data base programs gets spiffed up and more versatile
in this update
* 124 KEEP A HAM RADIO LOG B. B. Witham
Why do all that work yourself when CoCo is ready, willing
and able?
* 130 SEARCH FOR WORDS- ANY WORDS Timothy O'Donnell
Create your own Word Search puzzles forfun and amusement
* 136 GRAPHICS WORD PROCESSING Ross Chamberlain
For LP VII and LP VIII: Make your own character sets and print
them out
146 SOFTWARE IN THE CLASSROOM Paul Kimmelman
and David MacAli
The importance of good educational software is discussed
* All programs marked with star are included in the December edition of Rainbow On Tape.
December, 1 982
the RAINBOW
Page 5
The Rainbow
DEPARTMENTS
+
106
112
37
86
171
56
50
168
6
96
8
161
41
ASSEMBLY CORNER Dennis Lewandowski
Our ML Graphic Game Gets Some Targets
Back Issue Information
BASIC TRAINING Joseph Kolar
Our Newest Series Has Hints For Beginners
CHARLIE'S MACHINE Charles J. Roslund
This Month, Formatted Listings
Corrections
EDUCATION NOTES Steve Blyn
Sustain Interest In Educational Programs
THE DRAGON'S BYTE Bill Nolan
What Does That Dungeon Look Like?
GAMEMASTER'S APPRENTICE Bob Albrecht
and George Firedrake
Meet Three New Friends This Month
LETTERS TO RAINBOW Our Readers
THE PIPELINE Staff
PRINT #-2 Lawrence C. Falk
Editor's Notes
Submission Guidelines
USING GRAPHICS Don Inman
Looking At High Resolution
PRODUCT REVIEWS
Across The Rubicon 141
Bulletin Boord Software 142
ccForth 148
A Tutorial By Larry Preble
CGP-1 15 Printer 168
With A Listing By Bill Nolan
CoCo Cooler 39
Color Forth 148
Colorpede 144
Colorshow 171
Craps 112
DragonQuest 162
Enchanted Forest 74
Frog Man 1 73
Game Writer 84
Gangbusters 161
Worksaver
Graph-16/32 75
Graph Zapper 53
Household Expense Manager 36
Intergalactic Force 49
Laser Tank Duel 174
LOGO 88
In-Depth By David Hunt
J ARB Memory Kit 92
Micro Script 156
In-Depth By James Reed
Rail Runner 173
Reversi 1 73
Semi-Draw B 44
Telewriter Disk "56
Tower Castle Adventure 154
Wordclone 156
82
NEXT MONTH
The January, 1983, issue ot the Rainbow will focus on Adventure
games. The winner of our Adventure Content, and that winner's
program, will be featured.
ALSO: A program to make banners on any printer, another game, our
regular features, product reviews, and much more! Don't miss the
January, 1983, issue of the Rainbow, the premier magazine for the Color
Computer, TDP-100 and Dragon-32!
Lawrence C, Falk
Editor
Courtney Nog
Associate Editor
Anne Yeiser
Production Coordinator
Bob Albrecht
Steve Blyn
Don Inman
Joseph Kolar
Dennis Lewandowski
Bill Nolan
Charles Roslund
Contributing Editors
Patricia H. Hirsch
General Manager
Ivanka Kleier
Customer Service Manager
Monica Wheat
Research Assistant
Wendy Falk
Transportation
The Rainbow is published every month of
the year by FALSOFT, INC., 5803 Timber
Ridge Drive, P.O. Box 209, Prospect, KY,
40059. Phone (502) 228-4492. The RAINBOW
and the Rainbowl ogotypes are ® Trad emarks
of FALSOFT, lnc>
Entire contents © by FALSOFT, Inc., 1982.
The RAINBOWis intended for the private use
and pleasure of its subscribers and
purchasers and reprod u cf ton by any means is-
prohibited. Use of information herein is for
the single end use of purchasers and any
other other use is expressly prohibited. All
programs herein are distributed In an M as is 11
basis, without warranty of any ktnd
whatsoever.
TRS-80, Color Basic, Extended Color
Basic, Scripsif and Program Pek are ■»
trademarks of the Tandy Corp. CompuServe!
is a ® Trademark of Dow Jones, Inc.
Subscriptions to the RAINBOW are $22 per
year in the United States, Canadian and
Mexican rates are U.S. $29. Surface maif to
other countries is U.S. $39, air mail U.S. $57.
All subscriptions begin withi the next
available issue.
Limited back issues are available for U.S.
$2 for numbers 1-7 (January, 1982), U.S.
$2.50 for numbers 8-14 (August, 1982) and
U.S. $2.95 for 15 upward except October,
1982, which is out of print. Shipping and
handling costs of $3.50 must be added for
UPS (please furnish street address only) or
U.S. $6 for U.S. Mail (and to points outside the
United States). Payment accepted by VISA,
MasterCard, Cash, Check or Money Order in
United States currency only.
Page 6
the RAINBOW
December, 1 982
letters to
RAINBOW
WE REGARDED IT
Editor:
You may well elect to disregard the
Reader Survey form that I have enclosed
because it is a photocopy. That, certainly, is
your option. However, before you take that
decision, permit me to explain. You brought
it on yourself!!
In my humble opinion, the Rainbow
ranks number one against all the
competition in uniqueness, helpfulness,
practicality, range and scope of topics and
(to a lesser extent) advertising — with the
painful exception of some excruciating
spelling.
Because I value the Rainbow so highly, I
am loath to eviscerate any issue and risk
losing other pages thereby, let alone the
advertiser's index printed on the reverse of
the form. Therefore I hereby certify,
warrant, and guarantee that this
photocopied Survey Form is the sole and
only copy you will receive- from my
subscription. I beg you to accept it.
Keep up the good work!
Townsend P. Coleman Jr.
West Palm Beach, FL
Editor's Note: Accepted. And
thank you for your kind words.
There's nothingh worse than an
eviscerated Rainbow.
WRONG AGAIN
Editor:
My program in the October issue is called
ULAMMALU, not U AM M ALU as
printed.
For more about cellular automata, see
Martin Gardner, Scientific American,
February, 1971.
Chris Reid
New York City
Editor's Note: Napoleon is reputed
to have once made the palindromic
comment "Able was I, ere I saw Elba."
If we would have been able to notice
the palindrome Mr. Reid used as a
title we would have seen our mistake.
Sorry, Chris.
MOTORING ALONG
Editor:
Below you will find a method to have
voice in programs. I find it very
useful/ interesting. It is a rather crude
method, but compared to paying $50 to
$100, it is good.
The AUDIO ON and MOTOR ON
commands are all that are really used in this
method. I will give a layout of the required
statements:
??? A=(A number of seconds): GOSUB
6000
6000 AUDIO ON: MOTORON: FOR 1=1
TO 410* A: NEXT I
6010 MOTOR OFF: RETURN
That is all you need. Add Line ???
whereever you want some voice in your
Basic program. What you must do for the
voice is this:
1. Record what you want said and time
yourself. The amount of time becomes
variable A. Make sure you record what you
want said about half a second after the
program ends or so. This way, when the
program ends, you won't have to switch
cassettes. It will follow the program.
2. Turn the volume all the way up. This is
necessary so the voice can be heard.
3. Run the program. As long as it has the
voice play system in it.
This method has added a whole new field
of programming for me. Voiced
instructions, demonstrations and so forth. I
hope it gives you as many ideas as it gave me.
Doug Toombs
Rochester, NY
CLUBS
Editor:
Recently I came across your fantastic
magazine and was amazed at hoe much you
have grown. I was very much overwhelmed
with this much support! And, it took me
over three hours just to complete your
magazine.
Are there any user's groups in the Orlando
area? I would like to hear from other 80C
owners. Write me at 3085 N. Goldenrod Rd.,
Orlando, FL 32807.
Jae Nam Noh
Orlando, FL
Editor:
Is there a CoCo user group in the Portland
area? If anybody has some information or
wants to form one, please contact me at P.O.
Box 5907, Mortland, OR 97228.
Greg Sexton
Portland, OR
PMODE4 COLORS
Editor:
I think your magazine is the best thing
that ever happened to the Color Computer.
Here is a short program that will produce
many colors in PMODE4:
10 PMODE4,l: =1: FOR C=l TO 8
20 CLS: SCREEN 1,1
30 FOR 1=1536 TO 7678 STEP 2
40 J=J+0.01: POKE I,J
50 POKE I+I.J: NEXT I: NEXT C
50 GOTO 60
Anyone interested in a Color Computer
Club in the Jacksonville area contact me at
241 1 Hirsch Ave., Jacksonville, FL32216 or
call at (904) 721-0282.
Bill Brown
Jacksonville, FL
JOYSTICKS & TAPES
Editor:
I felt that it was time to contribute some
information to my fellow readers from
whom I have received a lot of valuable hints
and suggestions in the past.
A short time ago I encountered some
difficulty with the Radio Shack joystick.
The problems did not occur all the time, but
made the joysticks quite unreliable.
Suspecting that the pots were at fault, I
dismantled the controller and used an OHM
meter for tests. My testing revealed that the
problem was not the pots, but the cable
itself. This appears to be caused by the sharp
bend the cables are required to make while
entering the case. The solution, of course, is
to either shorten the cable or, as in my case,
purchase new five-wire braded cable and
resolder the connections. This turned out to
be an easy task because the wires are color
coded and the pots are not especially critical
to heat, as are IC chips.
The second problem for which I have
found a cure is regarding cassette-based
programs which I have ordered and found
that they refuse to load in. I simply connect
my computer recorder to a good quality
cassette recorder and copy one cassette to
another in the midrange volume. In the two
instances which I tried this, I was able to
load the new cassette with no problem.
With tapes which are recorded at too low
a volume, you can pick up the sounds by
turning up the volume of the computer
recorder, but then the distortion of the
sound tends to cause I/O errors.
Gerald Casey
Prince Rupert, B.C.
BASIC BASIC
Editor:
I really do like your magazine. The only
thing I wish you would change is this: Please
print more programs for the CoCo (my
favorite nickname) that require regular
December, 1982
Basic, not Extended Color Basic and 4-1 6K.
Thanks.
Mai Lynn
Shreveport, LA
PROTECTED SOFTWARE
Editor:
As a responsible, consumer-oriented
publishing company, you and your fellow
magazine publishers can solve the problem
of "protected software"by refusing to accept
ads from companies with protected
software, unless you receive with such an ad
an unlock routine and permission to publish
same in the event of the demise of the
company or its inability to furnish service to
owners of said software.
Spencer Trimble
Tallahassee, FL
Editor's Note: We take the position
that firms have a right to purchase
advertising space from us if they are
responsible and act in good faith. We
do police our advertisers and one
section of this column is usually
reserved for reader comment on
vendors. Firms which protect
software against piracy could furnish
us with the "key" to the lock if they so
desired, and we would be pleased to
hold them for possible publication in
the event of the firm's "demise."
Howewer, the issue of a firm's
"inability to furnish service" is an
interesting legal point that, I am sure,
the many attorneys among our
readership would love to argue about.
SIMULATIONS
Editor:
The Rainbow is looking more
professional all the time — you have reason
to be proud of the overall quality you have
attained in this type of publication. You
have hit the right compromise between
beginner and experienced hobbiest. You let
the reader know in understandable terms
just what is happening in the world of the
Color Computer.
Requests: If anyone happens to submit a
realistic simulation, please publish it. I'm
absolutely starving for good, high quality
educational simulations such as operating a
nuclear power plant, running a country
( Viking is a step in the right direction), or
fighting an insect infestation.
Please give more information in your
reviews. Usually there is not enough to
determine whether I would be happy with a
purchase.
I hope the Rainbow will continue to aim
more at the mainstream Color Computer
owner.
Complaint; Your emphasis of Dungeons
and Dragons-type software is a bummer. It
would seem that one article per month
would be adequate for this type subscriber.
Bob Pokes
Forestville, CA
BEING SURE
Editor:
Whenever I save a program to tape, I
always make three copies of it. That way, if
the first copy fails to load or if the tape
the RAINBOW
breaks, I don't lose my program. At the end
of all by Basic programs I add lines 6990-
7030 (below) to make it easy to make three
copies without having to type CSA VE three
times.
6990 END
7000 FOR A=l TO 3
7010 CSAVE "FILENAME"
7020 FOR B=l TO 1000: NEXT B
7030 NEXT A
Remove the motor control from the tape
recorder, type RUN 7000, put the recorder
in record and press ENTER. The program
will be saved three times. Line 6990 keeps
these lines from being run until you want
them to be. Line 7020 will insert a space
between the program saves so it will be easier
to tell where one copy ends and the next one
begins.
Dennis Duke
Bessemer, AL
Editor's Note: For those of you
impatient to know where you are, you
can always add:
7005 PRINT "ON SAVE NUM-
BER" A
WAY TO LEARN
Editor:
I would like to see more materials on how
to use the CoCo. Something to make me a
better programmer — to teach me how to
better write my own programs, such that I
can write my own utilities, machine
language, games, home use programs, etc.
All the programs I can buy or key in from
your magazine are nice, but I get the most
fun bashing about while writing my own
creations. The old saying "You get more
enjoyment from the getting there than the
arriving..." holds for me.
So, the more I can learn from the
Rainbow about the innards of the CoCo's
routines, etc., or better use of the Basic
language, the more good you will do me.
Also, please, keep business programs out
of the Rainbow, please.
Bill Frank art
Spokane, WA
Editor's Note: Bring out the old
soapbox again. The best way to learn
programming is by keying in
programs and doing so from a
learning perspective. Certainly, we
know you don't have time to key in
everything— that's why we supply a
Rainbow On Tape for those who want
it.
But, for those of you who want to
learn a specific point, take a program
from any issue that addresses that
particular area of interest and key it
in. No, don't just key it in, study it as
you do so. That's what I did early in
my experience with CoCo— and, I
wish I had a dime for all the times I
said to myself "Oh, that's how he did
that!"
Another thing: If you are using a
book to learn, be it the "official"
manuals or the excellent books from
the likes of Bob Albrecht and Don
Inman, don't do a hop, skip and jump
Page 7
through them. Start at the beginning
and make way to the end. There's a lot
in all of them, even if the subject seems
out of your area of interest.
As to business programs, we get an
awful lot of requests for them and
plan to continue to provide them. But,
there will always be other programs,
too.
And now, as a friend is wont to say,
we plan to fold up our tent, put the
soapbox away, and steal off for at
least another month.
ROM PACK MODIFICATION
Editor:
I recently purchased a copy of the Disk
Color Scripsit. One of the advantages of this
program over the earlier ROM Pack version
is the ability to change the printer Baud rate.
Since I have an Epson MX-80, I was
delighted to find that selecting a Baud rate of
2400 worked very well and speeded things up
immensely.
My only concern was whether the other
programs which I have which utilize the
printer could easily be modified for the new
Baud rate. Of course, all Basic programs
could be modified by including a line
containing POKE 150,18 before any
printing takes place.
The only other problem was two ROM
Packs, Spectaculator and Edtasm+. To my
relief, I discovered both of these programs
can be easily fixed. Turn the computer on,
without the ROM Pack in, and type POKE
65315,54: POKE 150,18. The first POKE
disables the cartridge auto-start. The second
sets the Baud rate (as described in "Going
Ahead With Extended Color Basic", pages
209-210). Now, insert the cartridge and type
in EXEC &HC000. This starts the program
but leaves your selected Baud rate intact.
Unfortunately, this does not work with the
Color Scripsit ROM Pack.
Lester Hands
Sylvania, OH
Editor's Note: Before you insert a
ROM Pack into a powered-up CoCo,
we suggest you read the letter
immediately following.
WARNING LETTER
Editor:
I urge you to print this letter or in some
other way warn your readership of the
dangers associated with using non-Radio
Shack design ROM packs. Although no
ROM Pack should ever be plugged in or
removed from the computer's port while the
computer is on, and although one is so
warned in the instructions, many owners
and dealers commonly ignore this warning.
If the ROM Pack in question is a Radio
Shack one, the dangers are less. But others
are less precisely built and much more likely
to wobble on insertion and removal. Both I
and a fellow 64K fellow computer owner
have burned out well over $70 worth of chips
each by accidentally plugging in a non-
Radio Shack ROM Pack when the machine
Page 8
was on.
Please urge your readers to be careful.
Martin H. Goodman, M.D.
Berkeley, CA
Editor's Note: Yes, you can easily
fry a set of chips. Every ROM Pack
manufacturer we know of, including
Radio Shack, warns against
unplugging the ROM Pack when
CoCo is turned on. This is the reason.
VIDEOTEX ROMPAK
Editor:
I would like to pass along some details
about Radio Shack's Videotex Rom Pack
for the Color Computer.
I found out after a few days of
experimentation and investigation that the
current (1.1) version of this software cannot
recognize the 32K computer model. It seems
upon checking for memory size and finding
it is not 16K, Videotex defaults to 4K of
storage of a session's text.
Also, is seems necessary to unplug the
modem cable from the serial I/O port to
activate offline scrolling. An enhanced
version (1.2) is expected to correct these
problems so I would advise prospective
buyers to check the product before
purchasing.
Eric Bennett
Port Hope, Ont.
EDUCATION ISSUE
Editor:
I have enjoyed watching your magazine
grow and change. Top notch all the way!
The education issue is much appreciated.
Except for the negative feedback Mr. Wells
gives the student in his Math Drill, it is a
useful program (perhaps someone could let
us know how to right justify the numerals so
they line up in the proper column). I am sure
Mr. Wells included this type of
reinforcement light-heartedly, however, as a
teacher, I cannot justify telling a student he
"must have Jello for brains." I do not want
this to be taken as negative criticism, for
such lines are easily changed.
Perhaps this type of constructive criticism
is needed, if only to remind adults that we
must be especially careful to make
computers in education user-friendly.
Indeed, I applaud Mr. Wells for his
instructive program. It is well explained and
has taught me some useful routines (like
avoiding a remainder in division).
Another recommendation for educational
software would be to disengage the BREAK
and CLEAR keys. A fellow member of the
Sudbury & District Color Computer Club
pointed out a routine on page 268 of Radio
Shack's "Getting Started With Color Basic"
that will disengage the BREAK key. Now,
what about CLEAR!
Finally, my experience with using
computers in primary classrooms has
invariably proven Murphy's Law to be
correct. Therefore, I must join those who
await the day when subroutines to disengage
all unnecessary keys are routinely included
in all educational programs. The lower the
grade level, the more they are needed.
Jim Pratt
Espanola, Ont.
the RAINBOW December, 1 982
Editor's Notes. . .
PRINT #-2,
I was seriously thinking about enjoying the opportunity to write this end-of-
the-year Holiday column. I was going to use it to reflect back on a year's
happenings for the Color Computer and the Rainbow. CoCo has come a long
way, baby. And it will be going even further, I am sure, in the next 12 months.
What I was going to do was to first look at CoCo and then the magazine.
Then, I planned to offer a Holiday wish list of things I really hope to see in the
next year. I'll still do that but, I fear, some of the enthusiasm for all that is spoiled
by a column I just finished reading in another computer publication.
Almost a year ago, we CoCo owners were "treated" to what was alleged to be
some "inside information" that our favorite computer was soon to be scrapped
by Radio Shack. I refer, of course, to Wayne Green's column in the February
issue of 80 Micro. Well, I guess Wayne and 80 Micro have decided that CoCo is
going to be around, because we are seeing more about the 80C in 80 Micro again
this month (December). What is being said now is that Mr. Green fears that
Tandy is allowing the CoCo to die on the vine because of lack of support from
Fort Worth.
In what is one of the longest-running feuds in the computer industry, Mr.
Green again lambasts Radio Shack for what
he considers poor merchandising, lack of
support and the like. Sure, we agree that
Tandy is not perfect. Neither, however, is the
Apple Computer Co., Inc., International
Business Machines, Commodore, etcetera,
etcetera.
Mr. Green wants more "cooperation"
between Tandy and outside suppliers of
software, hardware and firmware. In his case,
cooperation means selling 80 Micro in Radio
Shack's stores. O.K., we'd love to have the
Rainbow sold in Radio Shack stores, too. But
we're not in the position of blasting anything
and everything Tandy does simply because
they have yet to fly to Louisville and beg us to
supply 30,000 copies of our magazine to them
every month.
Mr. Green asks "What would be the result if (the CoCo were) supported by the
enormous accessory and peripherials industry that has sprung up around the
TRS-80 system?" Well, Mr. Green, the result might be that Tandy would be
selling thousands of Color Computers, that there would be a large — and
growing larger daily — support industry already in place and that there would be
a lot of happy people out there — both users and Tandy-ites.
The truth of the the matter is that Tandy is selling thousands of Color
Computers every day. The truth of the matter is that there is a very large support
industry built around CoCo. The truth is that it seems there is more (let's call it)
affection lavished on CoCo by its users than on any personal computer we have
seen.
Perhaps Mr. Green is judging reaction to CoCo by reading his own pages too
much. After all, the same issue of 80 Micro which carries his column this month
also gives some advice in its "Feedback Loop" section to a CoCo owner that the
magazine for Color Computer owners is 80 Micro, the same magazine that
predicted the demise of the 80C just a few short months ago.
What does "Feedback Loop" say? It tells this reader "Your best source of
information on the Color Computer is 80 Micro (this isn't just a plug for this
magazine, it's the truth). 80 Micro has more companies advertising products for
the Color Computer than either of the two publications specializing in the Color
Computer."
Hogwash and balderdash! We counted 39 firms advertising Color Computer
products in 80 Micro. Another publication primarily aimed at CoCo had a
handful more than they did. And the Rainbow had 107 total firms advertising in
November (and there are another 15 or so this month). We won't even go into a
(Continued On Page 154)
Call or write ANTECO
4220 Clay Avenue
Ft. Worth, TX 76117
(800) 433-7631.
uj3.au
division of
Antenna Electronics Company
Page 10
the RAINBOW
December, 1982
Music
U J J li
MICRO-MAESTRO:
Using CoCo's Play Statement *
by Sara Nolan
(Mrs. Nolan is a principal in Prickly-Pear Software and the author of
their Big, Big, Big Songbook program.)
{sf ff&SSS Sik*
Converting music to play on the 80C is not difficult. In
fact, I find it a lot of fun. In this article I will try to explain
some basic music symbols and terms. With this knowledge
we will try converting a song to play on the Coco ourselves.
Pay close attention, because there may be a test later. There
are just a few musical symbols that you must learn to
interpret. You don't need to be a musician or even have a
great knowledge of music, and one thing nice about teachng
your computer to play is that you don't have to worry about
how fast your're going. There are no other instruments to
keep up with and you can take as long as you like when
typing in a song — an hour or two weeks. I find it convenient
that the 80C uses the same names for the notes as are used in
music. Once you learn the names of the notes in music, it's
easy to remember the code used in the PLAY statement on
the Coco.
First things first, you must have some sheet music of the
song you wish to convert. Rather than have everyone run
right out and purchase music, I've included two songs in this
article. Normally you will want to purchase music written on
the treble cleff.
This symbol at the beginning of the staff lets you know the
music was written for the treble cleff. You will only be
putting the melody line into the PLAY statement. Coco
cannot produce harmonics (two notes played at the same
time) in BASIC. I find music written for a C instrument,
such as a flute or saxaphone, easy to use. If you check with
someone at a music store, you will find them willing to help
and usually intrigued by the ideas of teaching a computer to
play.
Now we need to figure out what all those notes are. The
following illustration lets you see where each note is on the
staff and its letter name.
-e-
The staff consists of five lines and four spaces. If you
remember that the notes on the spaces, starting at the
bottom, spell out F-A-C-E. You will find it easy to
extrapolate the other notes. The notes on the lines, starting
at the bottom, are E-G-B-D-F. The staff is divided into
measures by a bar, a vertical line across the staff. Each
measure will take the same length of time to play. We will
cover this shortly. The notes continue above and below the
staff. Immediately below the bottom staff line is a D note
and the next note down with a line drawn through it is
middle C. Centuries ago the bass and treble cleffs were
combined with no deliniation between them. Having a staff
of eleven lines made it difficult sometimes for musicians to
remember where they were. This difficulty was solved by
eliminating the middle line between the bass and treble cleffs
and indicating it with a short line drawn through middle C.
This made it much easier to see when you werecrossing into
the treble cleff and vise versa.
Music must count the same in each measure. This is
indicated at the beginning of the staff with a time signature.
Two numbers will be printed. The top one shows the number
of beats per measure, while the lower one tells what kind of
note takes one beat. This means that if at the beginning of
the staff we see "3/4", then quarter notes get one beat and
there arethreebeats to a measure. There would then have to
be a total of three quarter-notes per measure. Thesecould all
be quarter notes or combinations of half, quarter, eighth,
sixteenth notes etc. All this is not critical for converting
music to the 80C. Just a bit of esoteric knowledge.
Since notes start at C (the lowest note in an octave) and go
to B (the highest) and then repeat several times, there must
be a way to tell the difference between a high C and a low C.
This is where octave changes come in. The first octave is
found on the bass cleff and the notes are very low. The next
octave bridges the bass and treble cleff s and the notes have a
higher sound. Each octave changes at the same note name.
Logically you would think it should be when you go from G
to A, but who ever said humans were logical. Music changes
octaves when going from B to C. The note B will end one
octave and C will start the next. The bass cleff is octave 1 on
Coco, and at middle C it becomes octave 2. In the middle of
the treble cleff, at the third space, it becomes octave 3. To do
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Page 1 2
the RAINBOW
December, 1982
an octave change on the computer you type capital O and
the number of the new octave. It is very important that you
make sure that you use the capital letter O, not a zero,
otherwise you will get an error.
Some notes can be sharp or flat. If a note is going to be flat
throughout the song there will be a symbol like this at the
beginning of the staff.
This indicates that the note on that line or space will be
flat throughout the song. There will only be one indicator,
even though it means all notes of that name are sharp or flat
in all the octaves. To type a flat note into the computer you
need to put a minus sign (-) after the note. For example:
PLAY "AE-CDE-".
In the note is sharp this symbol will be found at the
beginning of the staff.
All notes of this name in all octaves will then be sharp and
to type a sharp note into the computer it will be necessary to
put a pound symbol (#) sign after the note. For example:
PLAY "AD#FGD#".
Sometimes a note will only need to be sharp or flat for a
short time, so instead of putting the symbol at the beginning
i ir
lUMIIMM i i lll I d liWl K I MK li l||imnll)l | 1 f «W
MB
fiSt niuotjiiJttP' JifJtnnffl
JUMPS
.„ WW® M mm §
Q-SOFT's challenging version of a very old European
solitaire game by the name of Hl-Q. An ADDICTIVE board
game in HI-RES graphics. A game for ages 3-99. Also
available in 4K.
Cassette: 16K E.C.B $14.95
Cassette: 4K C.B $12.95
• TIC-T AC-TOE.
If you thought Tic-Tac-Toe is an easy game, try
matching your wits against this version. Play it with or without
joysticks. A special "SMALL FRY" level of difficulty is
provided for those "SMALL PROGRAMMERS" in your house.
Cassette: 16K Reg. Basic $14.95
• DICE •
The program displays on your screen two dice in HI-
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set of dice. Great for all kinds of board games. A GREAT
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Cassette: 16K E.C.B $ 5.95
FIRST 50 ORDERS WILL RECEIVE A FREE SURPRISE
PROGRAM ON THE FLIPSIDE OF THE CASSETTE. ALL
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CHRISTMAS AND A VERY HAPPY NEW YEAR AND MAY
YOU NEVER NEVER EVER RUN OUT OF RAM. j^^.
Q-SOFT
1006 ROBINHOOD DRIVE
PAINESVILLE, OHIO 44077
IHIffiiDiliWIlj^
■ ■ ■ 1 1 i IHip^ 'i^''Hrs""H4*«-H*4"-'""lllii"^l^l l*'FI| ' ii|Hii|inii|uaiLiaiuiiUiiiiLiultiuaiuulriLibiniiii ■nrLli-in!
RAINBOW
MM
of the staff, it will be just in front of the note it is changing.
This means that all notes on that line or space are changed
to sharps (or flats) for this measure only. At the end of the
measure (when you come to a vertical line), the note will
revert to its original state. Only the note it is in front of is
affected. Notes of the same name in different octaves will not
change. This type of thing is also used to change a note that
is sharp or flat to a natural (not sharp or flat).
Again, this means that the note with the natural sign in
front of it is changed. It is natural for this measure only and
reverts at the end of the measure to a sharp or flat.
The Coco's PLAY statement doesn't use B sharp or C flat.
Too Bad. If you fnd these in the music you are converting,
you must make a B sharp into a C (an octave higher) and a C
sharp into a B (an octave lower).
Notes are held for different lengths of times. In music the
note symbols mean the following:
TYttOLE NOTE
HALF NOTE
QUARTER NOTE
EIGHTH NOTE
LENGTH 1
LENGTH 2
LENGTH 4
LENGTH 8
LENGTH 16 NOTES HAVE
2 TAILS, LENGTH 32
HAVE 3i ETC,
They are typed into the computer using L and a length
number. The length of the note is typed into the computer
before the name of the note. If you had a half note A and a
quarter note D it would look like this: PLAY"L2AL4D".
Most often you can use the same lengths on Coco that are
used in music, but every once in a while it is necessary to use
odd lengths. For example, if you find a series of three notes
that are bracketed together with a three, you must play these
three in the same time as you would play two. These are
triplets and I have found it necessary to make these lengths
an odd amount. L6 works for three quarter-notes. If you
have three eighth-notes then use L13 (see Havah Nagilah in
the program below).
If on the staff you see a note like this:
You just add a period after the length number like this:
PLAY "L2. GL2DL4.D". A dotted note means that the
length of the note is increased by one half. You can dot a
note more than once and each time it will be increased by
one half its original length. On the 80C once you have
Turn your
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% D BASIC, RS Disk Basic
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both more powerful than
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OPERATING SYSTEMS
FHL Color FLEX
Object only $99.00
FLEX for the Color Computer: All the power and
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For 64K Color Computer
MW FORMS 2 FOR CIS COBOL
$200.00
A COBOL program generator which facilitates
fast and convenient development of interactive
screen oriented applications.
WORD PROCESSING
0SM
.$125.00
MACRO ASSEMBLER: A fast and
mgcro assembler with ability to
0S-9/FLEX
versatile
define macros, with substantial parameters,
conditional assembly directives and ability to
change value of a label or symbol. Create OS-9
binary files in FLEX and vice versa!
Written for 6809 OS-9 or FLEX
SUPER SLEUTH
6800/6809 w/source $99.00
Z80 w/source $99.00
LANGUAGES
D/BASIC with FHL Color FLEX $30.00
later $40.00
Radio Shack DISK BASIC for FHL FLEX. D/BASIC
allows the use of the standard Disk Extended
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For FHL Color FLEX only.
TSC BASIC for 6800-6809 $75.00
Supports all of the standard BASIC statements
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TSC EXTENDED BASIC FOR 6800-6809
$100.00
Ideal for business or advanced scientific
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TSC PASCAL for 6809
$200.00
A true native code compiler which produces
assembly language mnemonics. For FLEX.
TSC FORTRAN '77:
$275.00
Just released for FLEX - Requires Relocating
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MW BASIC09
$200.00
Acclaimed as the most powerful and friendly
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A/BASIC Compiler:
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Generates pure, fast, efficient 6809 machine
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Written for 6809 OS-9 or FLEX
X-F0RTH
Object only $149.95
An enhanced and extended version of Fig-Forth
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For 6800 or 6809 FLEX.
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For the Color Computer DOS, a language that is
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0YNAS0FT PASCAL
Object only $69.95
w/run-time source $99.95
A fast integer only P-Code compiler ideal for
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Written for 6809 OS-9 ($10 less for FLEX)
MW OS-9 PASCAL COMPILER
$400.00
A comprehensive implementation of PASCAL, it
has ability to generate either highly optimized
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For OS-9.
MW CIS COBOL COMPILER
$895.00
The "CIS" stands for compact, interactive, and
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business applications. For OS-9.
0YNASTAR
Object only $149.95
Screen Editor: A powerful menu-driven screen
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Written for 6809 OS-9 and FLEX.
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With DynaStar, both only $275.00
Text Formatter: Provides all the standard
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Written for 6809 OS-9 and FLEX.
DYNASPELL
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w/source $299.00
The most versatile 68XX spelling checker
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Written in assembler for 6809 OS-9 or FLEX
STYLOGRAPH 2.0: $295.00
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A very powerful, yet easy to use text
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For 6809 FLEX and OS-9.
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For 6809 FLEX and OS-9.
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STYLOGRAPH SPELLING CHECKER
$145.00
A fast and very easy to use tool that allows
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For 6809 FLEX and OS-9.
READTEST
Object only $54.95
w/source $74.95
A must for all writers and instructors, it
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Written in assembler for 6800 or 6809 FLEX
TSC TEXT PROCESSING SYSTEM
$75.00
This system allows the use of over 50 commands
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Post processor for FLEX.
SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT
TOOLS
CRASMB
CPM' s (CPU Modules)
FLEX
OS-9
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$139.95
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Source or binary for the following; 6800,
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Written for 6809 FLEX and OS-9.
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Both written for FLEX, UniFLEX and 0S-S.
6502 TRANSLATOR w/source
FLEX $75.00
UniFLEX $80.00
OS-9 $85.00
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UniFLEX $80.00
Programs which enable user ta simulate, examine
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PIC/PID 6800 Translator;
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UniFLEX $60.00
OS-9 $75.00
Translates 6800 assembler programs to 6809
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Written in assembler for the 6809.
CROSS ASSEMBLER MACROS: FLEX $50 - 3/$100
UniFLEX $60 ea - 5/$120
6800/1, 6502, 6805, 8080/5 and Z80: For use
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A macro text file.
0SM - 0S-9/FLEX MACRO ASSEMBLER $125.00
For FLEX or OS-9, Create FLEX or OS-9 binary
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For OS-9 or FLEX.
EDitor
$50.00
ED has all the features of TSC's editor with
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For 6809 FLEX.
ASM - assembler $50.00
ASM is compatible with TSC's assembler. But
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For 6809 FLEX.
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Combines a minimum keystroke text editor with a
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1 FRANK
I HOGG
■ LABORATORY
THE REGENCY TOWER
SUITE 215, 770 JAMES STREET
SYRACUSE, NY 13203 (315) 474-7856
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Software
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MW INTERACTIVE DEBUGGER
$50.00
A useful tool for testing and debugging machine
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For OS-9
TSC 6809 CROSS ASSEMBLER
$100.00
This assembler runs on 6800 FLEX system with
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For FLEX.
TSC 38000 CROSS ASSEMBLER on 6809
$250. 00
An assembler which runs on a 6809 FLEX system
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$75.00
This package is a complete assembler language
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BILLPAYER
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A series of programs that were designed to fill
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In TSC XBASIC for FLEX.
MAILING LIST
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Enables the user to define and maintain mailing
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Written for 6809 FLEX and UniFLEX ( $395 . DO J
TABULA RASA
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UniFLEX
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Provides for the generating and maintenance of
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In TSC XBASIC for 6809 FLEX
INVENTORY W/MATERIAL REQUIREMENT: FLEX $100.00
UniFLEX $150.00
These programs enable the user to define and
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Written in 6809 for FLEX.
OSBORNE A/R
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An open invoice system, will print ageing
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For FLEX and TSC XBASIC.
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An invoice oriented system, will keep track of
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For FLEX and TSC XBASIC.
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Uses dauble-entry posting to reduce off-balance
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For FLEX and TSC XBASIC.
■
UTILITIES
AUT0TASK
w/source $129.95
Consists of a set of memory resident commands
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Written in assembler for 6809 FLEX
TOOLKIT #1
Object only
w/source
$49.95
$69. 95
Add EDIT to TSC BASIC'S, along with DEC0MPIL
and cross reference.
Written in assembler for 6809 FLEX
TOOLKIT #2
Object only $49.95
w/source $69.95
A package of utilities and programs developed
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Written in assembler for 6809 FLEX
EXTENDED UTILITIES:
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$69.95
A set of 12 utilities that add the final touch
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Written in assembler for 6809 FLEX
PLOT:
w/source $44.95
Designed to give you neatly formatted plot with
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histograms, bargraphs, XY plot and others.
Written in TSC XBASIC for 6809 FLEX,
SOME COMMON BASIC PROBLEMS: w/source $69.95
SCBP will allow you to figure income tax, tax
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From the Osborne book by the same name.
Written in TSC XBASIC for FLEX
SOME PRACTICAL BASIC PROGRAMS: w/source $69.95
SPBP like the above is from the Osborne book.
The work of conversion is done for you.
Written in TSC XBASIC for FLEX.
PASSWORD
Object only $69.95
w/source $89.95
Will enable you to create a system disk that
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Written in assembler for 6809 FLEX
UNIFLEX SIMULATOR
FLEX $100.00
UniFLEX $110.00
Debug Uniflex assembler programs using TSC
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For 6809 FLEX.
OS-9 SIMULATOR for FLEX:
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Debug OS-9 assembler programs using TSC Debug
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For 6809 FLEX.
■
HELP
Object only $29.95
w/source $49.95
A data retrieve utility designed to save you
time digging through manuals looking for info
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statements.
Written in assembler for 6800 or 6809 FLEX
JOB CONTROL PROGRAM
Object only $49.95
w/source $89.95
Allows you to enhance every other program you
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Written for 6800 or 6809 FLEX
TSC BASIC: PRECOMPILER FOR 6800-6809 $50.00
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TSC FLEX UTILITIES
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A package of additional FLEX utility commands
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TSC FLEX DIAGNOSTICS
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These utilities are designed for FLEX. Included
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Disk examine, modify and test are also
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TSC SORT/MERGE PACKAGE
$75.00
A full-disk sort/merge which allows the
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For FLEX.
READTAPE
w/source $54.95
Requires a PIA
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convert programs to TSC BASIC.
Written for 6809 FLEX.
FULL SCREEN FORMS DISPLAY
FLEX $50.00
UniFLEX $75.00
This package substantially extends the screen
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Written for 6809 FLEX.
GAMES FOR FLEX
ESTHER
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An enhanced game of Eliza in fast machine
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Examine and modify OS-9 DISKS with this Ecresn
oriented editor.
Written for OS-9.
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ORDERING INFORMATION
SPECIFY 5 OR 8 INCH DISKS - 6800 or 6809
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FRANK
HOGG
LABORATORY
THE REGENCY TOWER
SUITE 215, 770 JAMES STREET
SYRACUSE, NY 13203 (315) 474-7856
TELEX-646740
STYLOGRAPH
6809 WORD PROCESSING SYSTEM
AVAILABLE FOR FLEX™ UniFLEXJ" and OS-9™
The STYLOGRAPH text processing system is a very easy to use but powerful
method of creating and printing text. It allows the operator to type text ontheCoCo,
modifying and correcting it as it's typed, and then print it out. The STYLOGRAPH
SYSTEM is cursor-oriented with dynamic screen formating. Cursor based editing
means that any portion of the text may be worked on by moving the cursor to that
point. Dynamic screen formating means that the text is formated on the screen in
the same way it will appear on the printed copy. The display is continuously up-
dated to show how the text will appear. This is a very important feature and is nor-
mally available only on very expensive commercial word processing systems. It
significantly reduces the time required to produce a finished copy.
FULL FEATURED TEXT EDITING
A full array of commands help in the creation and modification of text. The text
displayed on the screen may be moved up, down, left or right. The cursor can be
moved to any page or to any specified series of letters or words. The cursor itself
can be moved left, right, up, down, to any tab position, or to the extreme left or right.
Any block of text can be moved, copied or deleted. The operator may also do a
global replace so that all occurrences of a given string will be replaced with or
without a "prompt" asking if the item should be replaced.
OPERATOR CONVENIENCE
Files longer than memory can be edited. The operator can move forward through
a long text file by selectively dumping text to the disk or filling from the disk.
The supervisor mode is menu driven and self prompting so that the operatordoes
not have to remember the syntax of commands. This makes it easier for new opera-
tors to use the system.
An "assist" or "help" function makes it easy to learn the system since it is nor-
mally not necessary to consult the manual to learn the commands. This function is
menu driven and lists all of the keyboard functions and the formating commands.
At the beginning of the text the operator normally types in a few simple com-
mands indicating the line length, left margin, and so forth, and then enters the
header and footer as they should appear. After that the operator need not worry
about formating since it is taken care of automatically. Words that extend beyond
the end of the line are automatically removed and placed on the next line. Headers
and footers are automatically inserted so that the operator always knows what por-
tion of the page is being worked on. Ghost hyphens can be entered so that if the
word falls at the end of a line, and a ghost hyphen has been inserted, the hyphen
will automatically be added.
Control codes may be embedded in the text for special applications. For exam-
ple, some printers require special control sequences for double width, graphics or
boldface. These sequences may be embedded in the text for those users that have
these printers, tn conjunction with this, it is possible to cause the printer to stop in
the middle of a print out for changing printwheels. A backspace feature allows
overstriking.
OPERATING SYSTEM COMPATIBILITY
STYLOGRAPH is compatible with the FLEX, UniFlex, and OS-9 disk operating
systems. Text files prepared using STYLOGRAPH are directly usable by other soft-
ware such as BASIC and the assembler. (This significantly aids software develop-
ment since cursor-based editing allows full viewing of the text being worked on,
thereby reducing errors and decreasing programming time). File size is limited only
by the capacity of the disk system. Files may be loaded into the text at any point
making it possible to rapidly create "boiler plate" documents using portions of text
that have been previously saved to a text file. Any portion of a text may be saved to
a text file for use at a later point. The printer output may be directed to a disk file for
later print spooling. Most operating system commands are directly accessible
without leaving STYLOGRAPH.
FULLY ADAPTABLE TO MOST PRINTERS
STYLOGRAPH is easily configured by the user for most terminals so there is no
need to send for updates as equipment changes are made. Source code of the ter-
minal interface is supplied so that users with unusual equipment configurations
may adapt it to their systems. The source code for all of the "prompts" is also sup-
plied so that foreign language versions may be easily constructed.
Printers currently included as standard are: Diablo, Qume, Starwriter, NEC
5515/25, NEC 5510/20; CENTRONICS 737/739; TTY type printer with backspace func-
tion; TTY type printer without backspace function.
COMPLETE INSTRUCTIONS
A special tutorial section is included in the manual so that people with little or no
computer experience can easily learn to use STYLOGRAPH in a few hours. A text
file is included which demonstrates most of the features of STYLOGRAPH and
allows the operator to practice most of the functions. The logical arrangement of
the commands and the immediate display of the results greatly simplifies the learn-
ing process. In addition there is an "assistance" command which helps the new
operator learn the commands.
FLEXIBLE DISPLAY
Lines longer than the screen width are allowed. STYLOGRAPH can scroll right
and left on the screen so that tables can be constructed and appear on the screen
exactly as they will appear on the print out.
A command allows viewing of the formating commands on the screen. Another
command allows the operator to see which characters will be modified at print out
by underlining, superscripting or boldface. A page status command shows the cur-
rent format values and other useful information.
COMPLETE FORMATING CONTROL
The text of individual lines may be centered, left justified, right justified, or right
and left justified. Tabs can be set or cleared at any point. Spacing of the lines on the
page is under complete operator control with end of page, spacing and vertical tab
commands.
While entering text, it may be specified that the characters have some kind of
modification when they are printed, such as underlining, superscript, boldface,
overline, or subscript. These character modifications are done with "control" key
strokes. For example, to start underlining characters, simply hold down the "CTRL"
key, hit the "U" key and continue entering text. To stop underlining, hit the "DEL" or
"RUB" key.
STYLOGRAPH MAIL MERGE
A major option of STYLOGRAPH is the related MAIL MERGE program. This pro-
gram adds "form letter" capability to STYLOGRAPH. Variables such as names ad-
dresses, dates, may be taken from a disk file or the keyboard at print out time and
inserted into the text. Successive letters may be printed out without operator in-
tervention.
The second important capability of the MAIL MERGE program allows many
STYLOGRAPH text files to be appended at print out time. This allows files to be
edited in smaller, more convenient blocks and then appended at print out time so
that the page numbers will remain consecutive and the headers and footers will
automatically be retained through all of the print out.
STYLOGRAPH SPELLING CHECKER
Another majoroption of STYLOGRAPH is the related SPELLING CHECKER pro-
gram. This program reads through a text file and compares the words in the file with
a dictionary. Words that are not found in the dictionary may be marked in the text
for later editing, corrected on the spot, skipped, or added to the dictionary. Words
may be added to or deleted from the dictionary to create unique vocabularies for
particular applications.
POWERFUL PRINTING OPTIONS
Underlining is supported on TTY type printers. For those people who have
specialty printers there are a variety of additional capabilities including:
1.5 line spacing
BOLDFACE
superscript 1 STYLOG RAPH for the Color Computer FLEX 195.00
. subscri P^ STYLOGRAPH MAIL MERGE 125.00
underline, overline,
or any combination STYLOGRAPH SPELLING CHECK 145.00
Right and left justification of text is accomplished by incremental printing on TTY
type printers. True proportional spacing is supported on the specialty printers. STANDARD FLEX Version 295.00
FRANK
HOGG
LABORATORY
THE REGENCY TOWER* 770 JAMES ST. • SYRACUSE, NY 13203* TELEX 646740* (3 15) 474-7856
$0
ROML — ROM PAK Loader
- Save your ROM PAKs (or ANY machine language program) on disk then load and execute with ROML
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- Note— ROM PAK execution requires good 64K RAM system.
• Copy of article included describing how to access 64K RAM.
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PLUS32
• Unleash the hidden 32K RAM in your 64K system.
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Page 18
the RAINBOW
December, 1982
established the length of a note it will be that length until you
change it. If you had a series of quarter notes ADDFGE and
then a half note you would type it like this:
PLAY"L4ADDFGEL2A". All the notes before the L2
would be quarter notes. I should mention at this time that
you can put semi-colons between the notes but this uses a lot
of memory and is optional.
Every once in a while musicians like to take a short rest
during their playing. After all, blowing horns is tiring.
Actually some songs need the rest or pauses to sound right.
To cover this need, music has a series of musical rests of
different lengths. The symbols for these are as follows:
WHOLE REST
PAUSE 1
HALF REST
PAUSE 2
QUARTER REST
EIGHTH REST
PAUSE 4
PAUSE 8
LENGTH 16 PAUSES HAVE
2 TAILS. LENGTH 32
HAVE 3, ECT.
Semper Fideles with a series of notes of the same length and
pauses of a different length, you don't need to keep typing in
the note lengths after you type in the pause.
Now let's cover the speed of play, called tempo in music. I
find this is one of the disadvantages of the Coco's PLAY
statements. When they decided on the tempo range for
Coco, the programmers who wrote the BASIC didn't leave
enough leeway in the bottom end. When going f rom tempo I
to tempo 2 your music will be twice as fast. The same from
going from 2 to 4 and from 4 to 8. Maybe you only need to
increase it half as much. It is particularly noticable at the
slower tempos. We could really use a tempo 1.5! The only
way I find to get a good tempo is to experiment until I find
one that is closest to the speed I want. This means that songs
written for the 80C will be close, but not always at exactly
the right tempo. You put the tempo in the play statement,
usually only once at the very beginning. For example PLAY
"T202L4EDL2A#".
Well, we've covered a lot of ground and there are just a
few more things we need to discuss before we can start
converting our first song. If you see this symbol:
it means go back to the symbol that looks like this:
The computer thinks of these as pauses in play, and you
use a P and a length number to indicate them in your PLAY
statement. For example: PLAY"L4ADFP2L2A". Pauses
do not change the length of the note. If you have a song like
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DYMAX, P.O. 310, MENLO PARK,CA 94025
Dymax orders must be prepaid via check, money order, Visa
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and play it over again. You might need to do this more than
once, depending on the number of verses in the song. After
repeating it as many times as necessary, you can then
continue on to the end. Another possibility is a song that
repeats only a portion of the song and has different endings.
They will be numbered 1, 2 etc. The first time through you
use ending one, and the next time you skip the first ending
and insert the next one, and so on until you have done all of
them. Then you continue on to the end.
We need to learn a little Latin here before we continue.
Sometimes instructions will be written above the staff. Some
of these are "D.C. (Da Capo) al" which means repeat from
the beginning of the song to the word "Fine" or to these
symbols:
Or, it might be "D.S. (Dal Segno) al" which means repeat
from this sign
K
to the word "Fine" or to "Coda". If we see "To Coda," it
means go from here to the section marked "Coda." If we
have a song with "D.S. al Coda", and a symbol "To Coda
and Coda." written above the staff, this means you go back
at this time to the sign, repeat the song until you come "To
Coda," and then skip down to a section of music that will be
by itself beginning with "Coda," and then continue to the
end of this section. This confuses me, too!
The lastsymbol weneedtolearnabout is called a tie. It is a
curved line from the head of one note to the head of another
note. If the notes are the same then you combine the lengths
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Page 20
the RAINBOW
together and play them as only one note. If the notes are
different then you have to treat them as two seperate notes
on the computer.
I have not been able to cover all the various symbols and
words that are found in music; only the most common. This
is a verycursury coverage of the subject. There are many fine
books in the library or bookstores on the reading of music. I
only hope you will find this helpful when you are converting
songs to the 80C.
Now we need to put into practice what we have been
learning. The following song is a popular Christmas carol,
and we are going to translate it into code which Coco will
understand. Each part is numbered to make it easier to
follow the example.
IT CAME UPON THE MIDNIGHT CLEAR
1
2 3 I
Moderately*
f'Tj i
7 8
10 n
13 ±M
Words by EDMUND H. SEARS
Music by RICHARD S. WILLIS
JZZE
3
* 2 TeCoda^i^ 16 17 18 19 20
It
Came Up - on
Mid - night Clear that glo-ri-ous song—, of
an - gels bend - ing near the earth to
world i n ?A a °l ~ emn still -ness lay to
23 1^25 26
old,.
36 37 38
From touch their
39 40 41
harps of
gold.
i
Peace
42 43 44 4,5 4 6 4.7 48 49
on the
50 51
D S.alCoda ft
earth— good - will
YCodi
men
i
fc
55
from heav-en's all gra - cious
56 57 58 59 60
King,.
hear
the
an -
gels
61
i
slag
Let's start typing a PLAY statement into the 80C. Put a
line number in front of it so that you can save it when we are
done. #1 — our treble cleff symbol. #2 — the notes that are to
be flat throughout the song are indicated here. These are B
and E. Remember, all B's and all E's are flat, even if they are
in a different octave. #3 — the first note is a quarter note on
the first space, which means it isthe note F in octave two. We
start our statement PL AY"T202L4F". The tempo is just a
guess now and can be changed later if necessary.
#4 — we have the first half of a repeat sign, so we know we
will be coming back here later. #5 — the second note in the
song is a half note D, and since we have gone past B on the
staff it is in octave 3, which we must indicate in our PLAY
statement. The next section in our statement is "03L2D".
#6 — the next note has gone back below C, so it is back in
octave 2, and the note length has gone back to a quarter
note. We have then "02L4A" to add to our statement.
#7 and #8 are two quarter-notes connected by a tie, but the
notes are different. We treat them as two separate notes. The
first one is C which is an octavechangeto 3. The next note B
is an octave change back to 2. This note B is flat and we must
indicate it in our statement with a minus sign. We add
"03C02B — " to our statement. We do not need to indicate
note length as they are both the same as the preceding ones.
#9 is a quarter note G. It is the same length as the previous
notes, so we don't have to put in a length statement. #10 is a
length change to a half note F. #1 1 is back to a quarter note
G. #12 is a length 2 F. #13 is a length 4 F. We can put the
following into our statement: "GL2FL4GL2FL4G".
# 1 4 is the first ending. # 1 5 and 1 6 are tied notes. They are
still length 4 but are a G and A, so they are treated as two
separate notes. #17 is a length 4 1, so it is flat and a min«s
sign must be added to it. We add "GAB — "to our statement.
#18 and #19 are tied again in the same way but this time
there is an octave change between them, so add B flat, 4 C to
our statement like this: "B-03C".
#20 is still in octave 3 and is a length 4 D. #21 and #22 are
tied notes that are the same, so we treat them as one note. A
dotted half note plus a half note comes out to be L2... C,
because we must have five beats. ( Remember, a quarter note
gets one beat, so a half note gets 2, and a dotted half note gets
three.) #23, an F, is an octave change back to 2 and a length
change back to 4, so we put "DL2...C02L4F" into our
statement.
#24 is the second half of our repeat symbol, and tells us to
return to our first repeat symbol at #4 and repeat the notes
#5 through #13. When we reach #13 again we go to the
second ending which starts at #25. Put the notes from #5
through #13 into your PLAY statement again.
#26 is the first note in the second ending and is a length 2
G. #27 changes to a length 4 G. #28 and #29 are tied quarter
notes that are different — an A and a G. #30 is still a quarter
note, F. We add "L2GL4GAGF" to our PLAY statement.
#31 and #32 are tied notes that are the same, so we treat
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for correct answers. You're out if wrong. Correct
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vocabulary. 2 levels.
SPANISH BASEBALL - Same game using Spanish
vocabulary words.
ITALIAN BASEBALL - Same game using Italian
vocabulary words.
PLEASE SPECIFY VERSION
AND LANGUAGE
HEBREW ALPHABET 16K Ext. Basic 59.95
Learn to recognize the letters of the Hebrew alphabet.
Each letter graphically displayed. Help command,
vocabulary words included.
OOLLARS AND SENSE 16K Ext. Basic 5 11.95
Learn to make purchases. Graphic displays of items
kids love. Player buys using dollars and coins to prac-
tice using money correctly. Solutions given.
SEASON'S GREETINGS
HOLIDAY SPECIAL-
READING 2-PAK 4K59 95
POETRY and SILLY SENTENCES: Any child can create
his own original reading material about familiar
people and things through user input.
SING S-QNG WITH SflKTfl AND A BYTE
OF COLOR MSIC-BOTH IKY MQ.0D
A BYTE OF COLOR BASIC
by Steve Blyn
A work-text containing - instruction, examples,
illustrations, programs, and many practice exercises. 3
Units - Basic, Graphics, and Sound. 24 chapters to
teach you what you need to know to begin reading,
understanding, and writing your own programs.
Answer Key included with each book. Great book for
beginners. 55.95 plus 50t postage
SCHOOL DISCOUNTS
DEALERS INQUIRIES INVITED
NAME THAT SONG GAMES
16K Extended $9.95 each
1. 72 children's popular songs. 2 levels of difficulty.
Timer. Many hours of fun.
2. 72 all time pop, country, and movie melodies from
the last three decades.
3. 60 Broadway Show tunes to test you on past
musicals. Fun for all trivia buffs.
MUSIC MARVEL 16K Ext. Basic 59.95
Play 2 familiar children's songs. Large graphic
displays. No reading or musical ability needed. Great
for pre-schoolers. 16K version also available. Please
specify.
16K SING ALONG WITH SANTA S7.95
A SPECIAL FIR THE HOLIDAY SEASON!
A happy Santa plays and sings Christmas songs. You
sing with him as the words flash across a festive
Christmas tree. Choose your favorite song from the
menu.
RAINBOW
CERTIFICATION
FREE SURPRISE PROGRAM on Tape
With Orders of SI 7. 00 or more
COMPUTER ISLAND
DEPT. R
227 Hampton Green
Staten Island, N.Y. 10312
N.Y. Residents, please add proper tax
ALL TAPE orders postpaid
Authors: We are seeking quality children's software for
leisure or learning. Write for details. Top royalties.
Page 22
the RAINBOW
December, 1 982
them as one note only. We add a half note dotted B to a half
note B to come out with a half note dotted three times. Put
"L2...B — " into our statement.
#33 — a D, has changed octaves to 3 and changed length to
4. #34 is still in octave 3 but is a length 2 D. #35 goes back to
octave 2 and a length 4 D, so we put "03L4DL2D02L4D"
into our statement.
#36 is still a quarter note, and is a D tied to #37, which is a
quarter note E. Now, E is supposed to be flat in this song,
but this note has a natural symbolinfrontof it, so weleaveit
alone. Do not add a minus sign to make it flat. #38 is an F. F
has been natural so far, but there is a sharp symbol in front
of this note. For this measure only, octave 2 Fs are sharp.
We add "DEF#" to our statement.
#39 — this G note has a length change to 2. #40 is length 4
A. #41 is a length 2 B Hat. So we add "L2GL4AL2B — " to
our song.
#42 is an octave change to 3 and length 4 D. #43 a length 4
C. #44 is an octave change to 2 and is a B flat. #45 is still a
quarter note and is an A. Put "03L4DC02B-A" into our
melody.
#46 and #47 are two different notes tied together. They are
quarter notes G and A. #48 is a length 4 G. #49 and #50 are
two notes tied which are the same. One is a length 2 dotted F,
and the other is a length 2 F. Together they become a L2 F
dotted three times. #51 is a length change to a 4 and note F.
We add "GAGL2...FL4F" to our tune.
#52 "D.S. al Coda" means go back to the sign (#4) and
repeat the notes through #13, (Put them in the PLAY
statement.) where we find #53 which is "To Coda." We skip
down to #54 (which is the "Coda") and which starts our next
section. #55 is the first note in the coda, a half note G. #56
has a length change to 4. The note is still a G. #57 and #58 are
two different notes tied together; an A and a G. We add
"L2GL4GAG" to our carol.
#59 is a quarter note F. #60 and #61 are tied notes that are
the same. We have a dotted half note (B flat) tied to a B flat
half note. This is it, and if we add "FL2...B — " to our
statement the song is finished. By the way, all the quotes
except the one at the very beginning and the one at the very
end are not used.
You can now type, RUN and listen to your computer
play. The name of the song is "It Came Upon A Midnight
Clear." I hope you were able to recognize it when the
computer was playing. Edit the PLAY statement and
change the tempo. Run it again. Do this a couple of times.
See which speed it sounds best to you.
The following song is a popular Hanukkah hymn. This is
your test. Now we'll see how well I explained thngs. Go
ahead and try converting it yourself. Try not to cheat, but if
you get stuck I have included it in the following listing. The
only difficulty with this song is that in some places there are
two notes together. The note the computer needs will be the
top one. Ignore the other one and only use the one on top.
Ma- oz Tsur
Rock of Ages, let our song praise Thy saving power; Furious chey assailed us, but Thine arm availed us,
Thou amidst the raging foes, wast our shelt'ring tower. And Thy word broke their sword
When our own strength failed us.
Traditional Hymn of Chanuka
And&nte_
7 a
Ma - oz tsur y r - shu - a - tt
cha -na - eh l'-sha
ti - kon beyt t'
sham to da n'- za
, i
f j i- f t
let ta-chin mat
ha-m na-bt — ach
az eg'-mor b'
shir miz-mor cha
nu - kat ha - miz
be
ach.
Well, this has been fun. I hope the pointers I have tried to
give you will allow you to build a collection of songs for
Coco. For your enjoyment during this holiday season, I
have included a few melodies to start your collection.
Just type the program (VERRRY carefully) and run it.
There are 1 7 tunes included. All you do is enter the number
of the one you want, and listen to it PLAY. If you want the
computer to play along unattended, make the following
changes:
Delete line 20
Change line 10 to read: 10 FOR X = I TO 17
Change line 30 to read: 30 CLS3:ON X GOTO ....
Change line 430 to read: 430 FOR Y=l TO 400:NEXT
Y,X
If you want them to repeat over and over, add a line. 440
GOTO 10.
®
PRODUCTS FOR THE
COMPUTERWARE
COLOR COMPUTER
Radio Shack or TDP-100
FUN & GAMES
FUN & GAMES
FUN & GAMES
PAC ATTACK
CAfilrLEOn
PAC ATTACK
Bring arcade fun to your
home! Three little rare earth
muggers chase your man
relentlessly around a
maddening maze as you
furiously try to eat up
points. Three levels of
difficulty and great graphics
with sound!
cassette. . .$24.95
disk. . .$29.95
MAZERACE &
CAPTURE THE FLAG
Two great games in one
package! Mazerace is a
board type game of chance
& strategy. The hexagon
matrix is filled with paths &
obstacles. You must reach
the other side before your
opponent. Capture the Flag
is similiar but runs in real
time and has a different
field. You can play with a
friend or with the computer,
cassette. . .$19.95
disk. . .$24.95
EL DIABLERO
You awake, dazed and
confused, in the middle of
the desert. You had been
learning techniques of
sorcery from an old man
who lives in these parts. He
told you of his enemy, an
evil sorcerer, a "diablero."
Now your teacher is
missing and you are alone!
Pure adventure!!
cassette. . .$19.95
disk. . .$24.95
STQRfTI
STORM!
A tempest of a game, Storm
is an exciting & colorful
experience with 15 different
battlefields & 9 levels of
challenge. Shoot enough
Rainbow Raiders and you
earn your way to the next
level. Watch out for the
milibars!
cassette. . .$24.95
disk. . .$29.95
DOODLE BUG
In high resolution graphics
your lady bugs hussle
through an intricate maze
of barriers & turnstyles,
trying to earn points by
eating dots, letters, &
hearts. Enemy bugs buzz
after you! Exquisite sound
and graphics!
cassette. . .$24.95
disk. . .$29.95
RAIL RUNNER
RAIL RUNNER
Watch Out!! Your railroad
engineer must scurry over
the track of the busiest train
switchyard ever, dodging
speeding trains & handcars,
to rescue the poor little
hobos on the wrong side of
the tracks! And the clock
keeps on ticking!
cassette. . .$21.95
disk. . .$26.95
STARSHIP
CHAMELEON
Your intergalaxian vessel
must defend your planet
against evil Gabalatok
attack. You have the unique
ability to change color at
the push of a button to
destroy oncoming bombs
and anti-matter. Watch out
for the semi-intelligent
aerial mines that home in
on you! Nine levels of play,
cassette. . .$24.95
disk. . .$29.95
COLOR NVbDERS
^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^
^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^
COLOR INVADERS
You are at the controls of
the Space Tank, firing at
steller ships and invading
critters. Ships burst in air
with explosive noise. Alien
critters march across the
screen dropping bombs &
screaming as life is zapped
from their fried bodies,
cassette. . .$19.95
disk. . .$24.95
TO ORDER:
Add shipping of
$2 surface or $5
air/Canada. Visa
& MasterCard
accepted.
Dealer Inquires Invited
COMPUTERWARE®
Computerware is a trademark of Computerware.
call or write
Box 668
Encinitas, Ca. 92024
(714) 436-3512
Page 24
the RAINBOW
December, 1 982
Now you can sit back and enjoy. Have a wonderful
holiday!
The Listing:
1 0 CLS3 : PR I NT© 1 00 p THE SONGBOOK "
; : PR I NT© 163, " INPUT YOUR CHOICE 0
F SONGS"; : PR INT6227, ,,M ; : INPUT X
20 IF X<0 OR X>16 THEN 10 ELSE C
LS3
30 ON X GOTO 40,60,80,100,120,14
0, 160, 190, 210, 240, 260, 280, 300, 34
0,360,380,400
40 PR I NT© 162, "ANGELS WE HAVE HEA
RD ON HIGH";
50 PLAY " T202L4BBB03DL4 . DL8C02L2B
L4BAB03DL4. 02BL8AL2GL4BBB03DL4. D
L8C02L2BL4B AB03D02L4 . BL8 AL2G03L2
DL8EDC02B03L2CL8DC02BAL2B03L8C02
BAGL4 . AL8DL2DL4GAB03C02L2BL4AP40
3L2DL8EDC02B03L2CL8DC02BAL2B03L8
C02BAGL4 . AL8DL2DL4GAB03C02L2BAL 1
G":GOTO 430
60 PR I NT© 162, "AWAY IN THE MANGER
It m
9
70 PLAY " T202L4DGGL8B AL4GGDEGEL2D
L4DGGABB03DD02BGL2AL4DGGL8BAL4GG
DE03C02EL2DL4DGGAB03DC02BDF#L2G"
IGOTO 430
80 PR I NT© 162, "DECK THE HALL";
90 PLAY " T303L4 . C02L8B— L4AGFGAFL8
GAB-GL4. AL8GL4FEL2F03L4. C02L8B-L
4 AGFG AFL8G AB-GL4 . AL8GL4FEL2FL4 . G
L8 AL4B-GL4 . AL8B-03L4C02GL8AB03L4
CL8DEL4FEDL2CL4 . C02L8B-L4AGFGAF0
3L8DDDDL4 . C02L8B-L4AGL2F " : GOTO 4
30
100 PR I NT© 162, "THE FIRST NOEL";
110 PLAY " T202L8EDL4 . CL8DEFL2GL8A
B03L4C02BAL2GL8ABL403C02BAGAB03C
02GFL2EL8EDL4 . CL8DEFL2GL8ABL403C
02BAL2GL8AB03L4C02BAGAB03C02GFL2
EL8EDL4 . CL8DEFL2G03L8C02BL2 AL4 AL
2. G03L4C02BAGAB03C02GFL IE" : GOTO
430
120 PR I NT© 162, "GOD REST YOU MERR
Y , " ; : PR I NT© 1 94 , " GENTLEMEN " ;
1 30 PLAY " T302L4DDAAGFEDCDEFGL2 . A
L4DDAAGFEDCDEFGL2. AL4AB-GAB-03CD
02AGFDEFL2GL4FGL2AL4B-AAGFEL2DL8
FEL4DL2GL4FG AB-03CD02 AGFEL ID" : GO
TO 430
140 PR I NT© 162, "HARK THE HERALD A
NGELS SING";
1 50 PLAY " T302L4DGL4 - GL8F#L4GBB AO
3DDL4. DL8C02L4BAL2BL4DGL4. GL8F#L
4GBBA03D02AL4 . AL8F#L4F#EL2D03L4D
DD02G03C02BBA03DDD02G03C02BBA03E
EEDC02B03L2C02L4AL8B03CL4 . D02L8G
PARALLEL
PRINTER
INTERFACE
FOR THE RADIO SHACK COLOR COMPUTER
* RUN ANY STANDARD PARALLEL PRINTER FROM THE COLOR COMPUTER SERIAL I/O PORT
* WORKS WITH : EPSON MX 70/80/100, NEC PC8023, CENTRONICS, C-itoh, OK I DATA,
RADIO SHACK, OR ANY OTHER PRINTER WITH A STANDARD PARALLEL INPUT
* SWITCH SELECTABLE BAUD RATES FROM 300 to 9600
The Color Computer is capable of 9600 Baud — Poke 150, 1.
Running at 9600 Baud greatly increases the printing speed of some printers.
* COMPLETE - ALL CABLES AND CONNECTORS INCLUDED
* PRICE : $69 plus $3 for shipping and handling* Michigan residents add 4% sales tax.
BOTEK INSTRUMENTS
4949 HAMPSHIRE
UTICA, MICHIGAN 48087
313-739-2695 Dealer inquiries invited
flL COLOR COMPUTER
££0^» CHRISTMAS SPECIAL UTILITIES
FLEXPLUS DOS **0*"
FLEXPLUS is a powerful, easy-to-use disk operating system. Spectral Associates has adapted
ji mp y% QAl^ 1 !^ 1 (Editor/ ASSCItlblCr) BE5w TSC's FLEX to the best DOS completely compatible with Radio Shack software lor use on
UL1 K/\ OU\_/\_/ ■S* the Color Computer. Eliminate the need for Radio Shack's TRS DOS— use FLEX PLUS with
, _ ... . , , , t . . Editor/Assembler and have the options of a full range of utilities. FLEXPLUS works on the
The mOSt pOWertUl dlSk-baSed edltOr/aSSembler tOr the COl- 32 K Radio Shack disk system with 64K memory chips with a High Resolution multi screen
or Computer (requiring 32K) available and is a "must" for formal thal ^pp° rts a 24 line by 51 character display! ako included are special
... . , , _ . . . enhancements to Radio Shack's Disk system when you are running FLLX with single or dou-
anyone considering the development of machine language pro- ble sidedt single or doub ie density, 35,40 and so track drives,
grams. The assembler accepts all standard Motorola
mnemonics for the 6809 instruction set as well as all standard Advantages of FLEXPLUS are:
6800 and 6801 mnemonics. Macros and conditional assembly • Best price anywhere
are supported as well as numerous other directives for conve- * Eas y start-up— just type "RUN FLEX + '
nient assembler control and will allow multiple origins placed * *!!°™ y ° u t0 sav f e * S c ° m P atible n disk files f f om ^EX p Lus
, r ., _, , . . • . • All FLEX compatible software will run including INTERRUPT
anywhere in the source file. The assembler executes in two nD „,r W cnu ;.i /ADi:
, . r i 1 1 1 c c ' 4 DRIVEN SOFTWARE
passes and can accept any size file so long as there is sufficient . NO HARDWARE MODIFICATIONS NEEDED
memory to contain the cross reference symbol table. Output is • warranty will not be voided— no need to open computer
in the form of a binary disk file as well as an assembled listing • Wide range of available software
output which may be routed to a printer or to a disk file. The • Requires Supercharger board
assembler will also support a very powerful system of library • $149.95 for FLEXPLUS. Editor/Assembler and Supercharger
files which allows tremendous programming flexibility. SAVF S AVF SAVF
The powerful line oriented Editor is easy to learn to use and
has the most extensive set of commands of any editors on the FLEXPLUS DOS is a great value for only $149.95. FLEXPLUS DOS
includes*
market. It will allow global or programmably partial changes.
block moving/copying, string searches, multiple repetitions of SUPERCHARGER 39 95
the same command and 13 other commands. ULTRA 80CC EDITOR/ASSEMBLER 59 95
comes with complete 68-page documentation. 49.95 You get this $199 g9 value for only
ORACLE (Graphic Monitor) SUPERCHARGER
Are you tired of writing machine language graphic programs {f yQu have a 32R £ ^ d ^ ^ ^ SUp£R
with no way to debug them easily? Now your problems are CHARGER will let you switch your computer to full 64K RAM
solved, the ORACLE is here! You may pre-define a graphic mode It just pklgs int0 the RO m PAK port and you can use
page and mode which is displayed when you hit the clear key. BASIC or not as you wish. NO MODIFICATION is needed and it
Hitting clear again returns you to the alpha screen and page. will not void your warranty. It allows you to still plug ROM
You may run the program with breakpoints and the ORACLE pack and/or the disk controller board into the computer,
will automatically set up the pre-defined graphic page when Allow machine language access to all 64K RAM in a Series E
you execute it and return to the alpha display when the break- PC board °NLY $39 95
point is encountered.
Twenty-three commands including memory move, fill, GNT (Graphics II* Text)
search, alter and display are supported. Hex and ASCII . .
' , , , , , . , „ ■ 1 1 GNT gives the Extended Basic TR-80 Color Computer the capability
dumps, hex/decimal and decimal/hex conversion is provided of intermixing text and graphics on a high res olution screen (PMODE
along with a tape-to-disk transfer for machine language files. 3 or 4) GNT SU p P iies a complete character set, including true lower
The computer's memory is displayed and/or altered in a live C ase, that can be used with simple PRINT and PRINT @ statement.
screen mode with the arrow keys controlling the cursor. You can program the size of the scrolling 'window' of GNT text, and
The ORACLE is completely position independent and re- turn GNT on or off with simple Basic POKE statement. GNT comes
quires 3K of RAM When used with the Supercharger, it may w »th a modification program, CHRGEN, which lets you domify and
be located at SEOOO to allow maximum free RAM below create GNT character sets in any colors and typefaces you choose. It is
29 95 simple to use because the text it provides is in the same format of the
* standard text screen: 16 lines by 32 characters. This means that you
can use the normal PRINT @ values for 0 to 512. You can easily
ULTRA 80CC plus the ORACLE monitor is the most power- adapt your present programs to use GNT; anything you can print on a
ful programming tool available for the TRS-80 Color Com- text screen you can print with GNT. 19i9 5
PUt er - 74.9."> For orders only, call toll-free,
Call or write for our complete CATALOG. 1-800-426-1830
Business Office and Information Except wa, ak, hi
Call 206-565-8483 We accept VISA> MASTERCARD . American express
Afr o -5/-V a 1 s\ Oct* Add 3% for shipping. NO C.O.D.
Office open 8:30-4:30 P.S.T. A „ price$ y s FUNDS
Quality Hardware and Software Support
for the TRS 80 Color Computer
141 Harvard, Ave., Tacoma, WA 98466
Page 26
the RAINBOW
December, 1982
L46AL2B03L4EEEDC02B03L2C02L4AL8B
03CL4 . D02L8SL4S AL2S " : GOTO 430
160 PR I NTS 162, "HAVE YOURSELF A M
ERRY L I TTLE " ; : PR I NTS 1 94 , " CHR I STM
AS";
170 PLAY " T202L4CE603C02L86FEDL4C
DCE603C02L2 . 6P4L4E603CEL8DC02BAL
46FL 1 EL2 . EP4L4CE603C02L86FEDL4CD
CE603CL2 . 026P4L4E603CEL8DC02B AL4
G#B03L 1 CCL4EEEL8DC02B03CL2DL8C02
BAB03L2C02L4BL2 . BP403L4CCC02L8BA
GAL2BL8GAB03CL2D02L4DL2. 6P4L4CEG
03C02L86FEDL4CDCEG03C "
1 80 PLAY " L2 . 02GP4L4E603CEL8FEDC0
2L4B03DL 1 EL2 . EL4EE02F A03CL8EDC02
BL4AB03L1C":G0T0 430
190 PR I NTS 162, "I SAW THREE SHIPS
ii •
200 PLAY " T202L8DL4GL8GL4AL8B03L4
D02L8BL4A03L8C02L4BL8GL4GL8BL4AL
8F#L4DL8DL4GL8GL4AL8BL403D02L8BL
4 AL803C02L4BL8GG ABL4 . AL4G" : GOTO
430
210 PRINT8162, "JINGLE BELLS";
220 PLAY " T402L4DB AGL2 . DL8DDL4DBA
GL2 . EL4EE03C02BAL 1 F#03L4DDC02AL 1
BL4DBAGL2. DL8DDL4DBAGL2. EL4EE03C
02B A03DDDDEDC02 AL2 . GP4L4BBL2BL4B
BL2BL4B03D02L4 . GL8AL 1 B03L4CCL4 . C
L8CL4C02BBL8BBL4BAABL2A03D02L4BB
L2BL4BBL2BL4B03D02L4 . GL8AL 1 B03L4
CCL4. CL8CL4C02BBL8BB"
230 PLAY"03L4DDC02L4AL1G":G0T0 4
30
240 PR I NTS 1 62, "0 CHRISTMAS TREE"
■
»
250 PLAY " T202L4CL8 . FL 1 6FL4FGL8 . A
L 1 6AL4AAL8GAL4B-EGFCL8 . FL 1 6FL4FG
L8 . AL 1 6AL4AAL8GAL4B— EGF03CL8C02A
03L4. DL8CC02B-L4. B-L8B-B-G03L4. C
02L8B-B- AL4 ACL8 . FL 1 6FL4FGL8 . AL 1 6
AL4AAL8GAL4B-EGF " : GOTO 430
260 PRINTS162, "SILENT NIGHT";
270 PLAY " T202L4 . GL8AL4GL2 . EL4 . GL
8AL4GL2. E03L2DL4D02L2. B03L2CL4C0
2L2. GL2AL4A03L4. C02L8BL4AL4 . GL8A
L4GL2. EL2AL4A03L4. C02L8BL4AL4. GL
8AL4GL2. E03L2DL4DL4. FL8D02L4B03L
2. CEL4. C02L8GL4EL4. GL8FL4DL1C" : G
OTO 430
280 PR I NTS 162, "UP ON THE HOUSE T
OP";
290 PLAY " T303L4CL8CDL4C02AFA03L2
CL4DDC02AG03CL2CL4CL8C0L4C02AFA0
3L2CL4DDC02AG03C02L2FL4B-B-03L2D
L4CL8CC02L2AL4GGL2B— L4A03L8CC02L
2F03L4CL8CDL4C02AB-03CL2DL4CL8CD
CC02L4AG03C02L2F " : GOTO 430
tware
Silly Syntax
a sensational and educational version
of a popular party game for the TRS-80*
Color Computer . . .
For 1 to 1 0 players. Load a story into
the computer. The players are asked to
supply a noun, verb, part of body, ce-
lebrity, etc. which the program uses to
complete the story. The story, which is
displayed when all words are entered,
will be hilarious. Silly Syntax requires
16K Extended Basic (32K for disk ver-
sion). For $19.95, you get a user guide
and a tape containing the Silly Syntax
game and 2 stories. You can create your
own stories or order story tapes from
the selection below.
Silly Syntax stories — Ten stories
per tape.
SS-001 - Fairy Tales
SS-002 - Sing Along
SS-003 - X-Rated
SS-004 - Current Events
SS-006 - Adventure/Sci-Fi
SS-007 - Potpourri
Each story tape is $9.95. 1 0% off for 3
or more story tapes. Disk is $24.95 for
Silly Syntax and 2 stories or $49.95 for
Silly Syntax and all 62 stories.
Introduces
Auto Run
Auto Run is a utility program for the TRS-
80* Extended Basic Color Computer. It
is used to add convenience and profes-
sionalism to your software.
Auto Run will create a tape which will
consist of a machine language loader
followed by your Basic or machine lan-
guage program. With this tape, a simple
CLOADM command will load and start
the loader which will load and start your
program. You may design a title screen
with the graphics editor which will dis-
play as your program loads. Also you
may record a vocal or musical introduc-
tion preceding your program. The Auto
Run loader will control the audio on/off.
Basic programs can be set to load
anywhere in memory above $600 (the
PCLEAR 0 page).
Software authors: The Auto Run pre-
fix may be appended to your software
products.
Auto Run is $14.95 and includes
complete documentation and an as-
sembly source listing.
TRS-80 is a trademark of Tandy Corp.
SUGAR SOFTWARE
2153 Leah Lane
Reynoldsburg, Ohio 43068
(614) 861-0565
CIS orders EMAIL to 70405,1374
Tape Information Management
System
a user-oriented, easy to use personal
database management system with
these outstanding features:
'keeps files of programs, names, ad-
dresses, birthdays, recipes, class or club
rosters, anything
'variable record and field lengths
'phrase substitution editor
'up to 8 user-definable fields
'ML sort (up to 3 fields), search and de-
lete functions
*2 search modes — range and item
'user-definable printer format, for any
printer
For $24.95 you get the database
management system, our full documen-
tation which includes a reference guide
and a programmer's guide, and our 1 981
Bibliography of articles relating to the
Color Computer. Requires 16K Ex-
tended Basic. 32K recommended.
Add $1 .00 per tape or disk for postage
and handling. Ohioans add 5.5% sales
tax. COD orders are welcome. Dealer
inquiries invited.
RAINBOW
You must vaporize the pests with your laser
and pesticide bombs. Pest control is a never-
ending "task in this space simulation. Be quick
about it. If you take too long to clear a wave of
pests, the AVENGER appears and homes in
on your PestiCraft.
relentless assault on your ship. AVENGER is
joystick compatible.
AVENGER is available for the TRS 80 H Color
Computer at your favorite software dealer
MasterCard & Visa orders accepted. $19.95
taoe. $1 r^o shiooina and handlina champs
u\i yuuf resu^ran.
A random Vengence Encounter throws you
into a world with droid-filled birds. You have
to destroy them, but every time they burst, a
myriad of droids are released and begin a
tape, $1.F0 shipping and handling charges.
The Corfisoft Group
6008 N, Keystone Avenue
Indianapolis. IN 46220 (317) 257-3227
t
AVENGER copyright 1982 The Cornsoft Group
TRS 80' Color Computer is a registered trademark of the Tandy Corporation.
Page 28
the RAINBOW
December, 1 982
300 PRINT© 162, "HAVAH NA6ILAH";
310 PLAY " T502L2EL 2 . EL4G#FEL2G#L2
. G#L4BAG#L2AL2. A03L4C02BAL2G#L6F
EFL 1 G#L2EL2 . EL4G#FEL26#L2. G#L4BA
G#L2 AL2 . A03L4C02B AL26#L6FEFL 1 EL4
G#L2G#L4FEEL2EL4FL2FL4EDDL2DDL4.
FL8EL4DDL2 AG#L6FEFL 1 G#L4G#L2G#L4
FEEL2EL4FL2FL4EDDL2DDL4. FL8EL4DD
L2 AG#L6FEFL 1 G# A AL2 A A A A "
320 PLAY"T502L8AAL4A03L4. C02L8BL
4 A03C02B AL8 A AL4 A03L4 . C02L8BL4 A03
C02BAL8BB "
330 PLAY " L4B03L4 . DL8C02L4B03DC02
BL8BBL4B03L4 . DL8C02L4B03DC02BL8B
BL4B03L2EP 1 02L4 . EL8E03C02B A6#L 1 A
L2EL2. EL4G#FEL2G#L2. G#L4BAG#L2AL
2 . A03L4C02B AL2B#L6FEFL 1 E " : GOTO 4
30
340 PRINTS! 62, "MA-OZ TSUR";
350 PLAY " T202L4FCFB-AGFP8L803CL4
CD02GL8AB-L4AGL2FL4FCFB-AGFP8L80
3CL4CD02GL8 AB-L4 AGL2F03L4 . CL8CL4
DEL2FCL4FEDCL8C02B-AB-L2GL4 . AL8B
-03L4C02AL4 . GL8AL4B— P8L8B-L4AGFB
-AGL2F":G0T0 430
360 PR I NTS 162, "CHANUKOH, OY CHAN
UKOH";
370 PLAY " T202L4DL8AAAA03DD02AAL4
AL8GFL4GL8FFAAAA03D002AAL4AL8GFL
4GFL8FGAGL4FFGL8FEL2FL8FGAGL4FFG
L8FEL4DDAL2AL40AL2AL4DAL8AAL4B-L
8AGL2. AP4L4AL8AAL4B— L8A6L4AL8AAL
4B-L8 AGL4FL8FFL4GL8FEL2 . D" : GOTO
430
380 PR I NTS 162, "MARCH OF THE TOYS
II
390 PLAY " T403L8CD02A03CL2 . 02DEL4
AL8FL2DL8CL4EL8DL 1 DL8CGEDL 1 DP803
L8CD02A03CL2 . 02DEL4FL8GL2AP8L8 AO
3L4EL8DL4C#02L8A03L4EL8DL4C#02L8
A03FEDL 1 AP8L8CD02A03C02L2 . DEL4AL
8FL2DL8CL4EL8DL 1 DL8CGEDL 1 DP803L8
CD02A03C02L2 . DEFGL8AB-03C02 AGFL4
AL8DL4GL8CL IF": GOTO 430
400 PRINT© 162, "SEMPER F I DELES";
410 PLAY " T402L8F#L4GL8AL4BP8L2BL
8AGFGADP8DAP8AGP8GEP8EFP8F03CP8C
02BP8BAP8AGP8G03EP8EDP8DCP8C02L4
BP8L2BL8AGFGAEP8EAP8AGP8GEP8ED01
B02DGDGBG AB03CC#DP8L8FDC0 1 AG02GA
B03CDL4 . EG02AB03L40L8CL2CL8CECEC
02L4B02L8FL2F02L8B03D02B03D02BL4
03CL8EL2E02L8GAB03CDL4. EG
420 PLAY " 02L4 . AB03L4DL8CL2CL8C02
B03CDD#EGECECL 1 02GL8AL4BL8G03L4C
P802L4. CL1 AL8FA03L4C02L8A03L2. CO
2AL 1 FL8CFL4 AL8FL2 . CL4. C03L4. C02L
1 AL8FA03L4C02L8 A03L2 . C02AL 1 CL8FA
03L4C02L8CL IF": GOTO 430
430 GOTO 10 ^
STOP-
TheMERZOIO
/A/SAS/ON...
BEFORE THEV PLUAtDER AMD DESTROY tit
sVOMEWORLJD CCHLOAS/^ES , OmlV THE STAR-
3 A TTL ELSHiP u OA*£GA H STANDS A CHANCE...
CAME. FEA-rU*6S; MO\f/UG ENEMY SHIPS, COMPUTE*
GAUM M*P, SYSTEMS DAMAGE, COM nuNtCAT/ortS
*V/ TH ENC/a/FER/a/^ EfUEM V PlRGSHiP ™32K /91>V,
REAL-TJPfE ACTtotJ (wrrH Short pauses to lit voy
eve com*\«nos)£/SF LASERS AND fJOCLEAR SP4CE-
togp^oos to £>ssT#oy T*£ fa/e:mv.../
/<oU Uoaj-DISK VERSION SimilAA To 3Z\C HoViCE LEV Li
#GTH tfERS/OfJS ON SA/ne TAPS, or SPECIFY DlSK
color Star Pil or *
DISK SYSTEM
* PRICES
MARKED-
v EFFECT
^Q- Til JftMlffi
'PLEASE
SAVE
AAEL . -BEGS THE PRINCESS
iT'S NO FUN BEING HELD
CAPTIVE, BY AN EVIL
TROLL.. . HE TELLS ME
HIS -FOREVER. SUREL^
IN ALL THE THERE
ONE BRAVE F1CHTER, SMHtTEHoOCH
F/CUR£ OUT THE MAVF /"
'T HOLD OUT MUCH concer n* t
TO
"I CAN
the Great Dung edm Maze rr:
FULL
32K ONLY/- SPECIFY DM** TAPE
THE EDUC(lTSDD\SK-FlUE. t
A* JAiC&CASiNG Ni/MMMML
of Disxs warn awa/v program on Files oh each
ttAVES YOU GU£SS/NG..':WHEA£ DID I PITT TH#T F11E.V
5 File Search Methods I ust empty disk*
LIST ALL FILES ON fi CE4T4/N DISK - LIST ALL FiCEsL
ON ALL DISKS -LIST DlSK dAMES and NUnecfisJiM
Find a target filename on all disks. «
RECOVER DJ/2ECTOR.Y CRASHES* OF
ALL D/SATS Ft LSD l/A>DFR /? A?j9STEX . . .
32 K SORT INCLUDED -OUTPUT To SCREEN o* PfUrJTER
WILL EASILY BE VOUK W5T mPOfTTANT P&GAAM J
THE AlAZE /S THE
T**CKY F*RRT:. .
CAfJ oa/lv 3E0OMZ UfruCERW/N MAGtC ITEMS.
FILE IQO DISKS Pe* MASTER- ZSJSOO PER SYSTEM^g^
MASTER DISK SYSTEM *2935*^cy
EDITOR. -TEXT PROCESSOR* 24 .95 £2g,*?292F
- JO FUNCT. DATAtmNACEMZHTSHott
DlStCFiX -G&T PAtrjALOSE FRofli PMVSjCWJLY
U/ITW SAO K*A*tVL££ $ *
CATALOG ON TXP£ %Z B&HQS WPQiAKiS *3 £JB
CIRCLE CITY P.O. Box 30166 O
SOFTWARE Indianapolis, In. 46220
December, 1982
the RAINBOW
Page 29
*
v
Patch EDTASM+ To Disk To End Those Cassette Blues
*
*
•V
By Roger Schrag
************
Radio Shack's EDTASM+ package is a powerful, well-
written programming tool. But f or people with disk drives, it
is very agonizing to have to go back to using cassettes to
store source code files. There are editor assemblers on the
market that do support disk drives, but they are usually
much more expensive, and sometimes require the Flex
Operating System, or something else that not everyone
owns.
What I have put together here is a series of patches that
make EDTASM+ use the disk drive instead of the tape
recorder for mass storage. The finished product requires
only 16K Extended Basic and one drive.
Patching EDTASM+ to use disks is relatively easy to do.
The first thing is to move it into RAM so that we can alter
bytes of code and thus alter its operation. The move can be
accomplished by typing in U C000 1000 27FFfrom Zbug.
To save a copy of it on tape, enter P EDTASM 1000 37F|L 0
1000. Since it was written entirely in position independent ^
code, it can reside anywhere in memory, and function
without modification.
The next step is to enter the source code shown in the
listing. Assemble it onto tape directly after the copy of
EDTASM+ you made from Zbug. You'll probably also
want to save the source code for future use.
Now you are ready to load in the files you have saved on
the tape. First, you will want to insert your disk cartridge so
that the finished product can be saved on disk. Type
CLOADM to load the RAM version of EDTASM+, but
don't execute it yet. Next, load in the patches you keyed in
by typing CLOADM again. Parts of EDTASM+ will now
be overwritten with new code, and a block of additional
subroutines will be added on.
You may save the finished program onto disk by typingin
SAVEM "EDTASM+0 &HE80, &H37FF, &HE80. Now
whenever you want to use your editor assembler, just enter
LOADM "EDTASM+":EXEC.
with the disk version of EDTASM+, the L,W,A, and V
commands will work differently than they used to. To load
source code, simply press L and enter. The computer will ask
for a filename. Type in a standard filename as you would in
Basic. If you don't specify an extension, none will be
assumed. The file will then be loaded. The W command
works in the same way.
To assemble a program, type in A and any assembly
switches you would like to use. Unless you choose the IM or
NO options, you will beaskedf or the filename. As the listing
scrolls across the screen, the computer will stop from time to
time to write a sector to the disk. If you press Break, you may
have to wait a moment for the computer to close the file.
The V command will merely open a file and close it again.
This verifies that a file is listed in the directory and that there
are no problems with its structure.
On a 16K machine, you will have 1.5K for your text
buffer. A 32K machine will offer 17.5K. For those of you
who have source code files on tape, you may transfer them to
diskette with the Basic program I have included.
EDTASM+ uses ASCII codes that Basic doesn't recognize.
Therefore INPUT#-I can't be used to read the source code
file from the cassette. A machine language routine is
necessary.
Listing 1:
00001 ##HH#m#H#HH##m##
00002 * EDTASM+ HITS THE DISK *
00003 ###HH#m#m#m#mH
BY ROGER SCHRAG
10/15/82
00005
00008
00009
00011
00012
00013
00015
00016
00019
00020
00021
00022
00023
MAKE SURE INTERRUPTS ARE ENABLED
SO THAT THE DISK DRIVE WILL
SHUT OFF PROPERLY
ORG $1516
LBSR INTRPT
CHANGE FILENAME HANDLING SYSTEM
TO ALLOW THE USER TO ENTER FULL
DISK FILE NAMES: FILENAME/EXT: D
ORG I15E0
LBRA FNAME
CHANGE REFERENCES TO DEVICE f-1
(TAPE) TO DEVICE II (DISK)
00025
00026
00027
00028
00029
00030
00031
00032
00033
00034
00035
00036
00037
00038
00039
ORG
$1547
LDB
il
ORG
$1574
LDB
111
ORG
$15AD
LDA
il
ORG
$15CD
LDA
#1
00041
00042
00043
00044
00045
*
*
*MAKE SURE THE DISK FILE HAS BEEN
CLOSED WHEN ACCESS TO IT IS COMPLETE
ORG $1B52
LBSR CLOSE
*
*AT THE RIGHT TIME, CALL A ROUTINE
*T0 OPEN THE DISK FILE, INSTEAD OF
*A ROUTINE TO OPEN THE TAPE FILE
ORG $15BA PATCHES INTO
LDU 3ASSEH "A B COMMAND
Page 30
the RAINBOW
December, 1 982
00046
00047
00048
00049
00050
00051
00052
00053
00054
00055
00056
00057
00058
00059
00060
00061
00062
00063
00064
00065
00066
00067
00068
00069
00070
00071
00072
00073
00074
ORG
LDU
ORG
LDU
ORG
LDU
$15BF
ILOAD
$15C4
IWRITE
I163A
ILOAD
PATCHES INTO
B L" COMMAND
PATCHES INTO
"W" COMMAND
PATCHES INTO
T COMMAND
ft
♦ALTER ERROR HANDLING SYSTEM TO
♦ACCOUNT FOR NEW ERROR MESSAGES
ORG
LBSR
CLR
CLR
LBSR
LBRA
$1721
ERR0R1
<$1
<$4
ERR0R2
$172F
#
#
*
*
ORG
$E80
♦NEW ENTRY AREA TO EDTASM
START LDX H1E00 WE MUST FIRST
LDA #$AF FIX THE THREE
STA ,X+ BYTES THAT
LDA i$5A BASIC CLOBBERS
STA ,X+ WHILE LOADING
LDA #$26 EDTASM+ INTO
STA ,X MEMORY
Accept the challenge of
TOWER CASTLE
Fight with sword, magic and
cunning to recover the treasure.
You will need all your guile, wit
and senses because the
adventure changes each time
you enter the castle. Experience
the intrigue with mus
on your TRS-80*.
I
//Ty\
Requires 32 K Extended Basic
Cassette $17.95 (post paid)
CA residents add 6% sales tax
MORETON BAY SOFTWARE
A Division of Moreton Bay Laboratory
316 Castillo Street
Santa Barbara, CA 93101
* TRS-80 Registered Trademark Tandy Corp.
00075
LDA
i$38
NEXT SET THE
1 ™ mm r 1 1 mm mm 1 111 mm
00076
V v V f W
STA
>$FF
LOW MEM POINTER
00077
VWI 1
LBRA
$1005
ENTER PROGRAM
00078
VWI u
#
00079
VWI 1
*
00080
♦SUBROUTINES CALLED BY THE PROGRAM
00081
♦PATCHES TO ENABLE THE NEW FEATURES
00082
ft
00083
♦
00084
♦ENABLE ALL INTERRUPTS SO THAT THE
00085
♦DISK DRIVE WILL SHUT
OFF CORRECTLY
00086
♦AFTER
TWO SECONDS OF
NOT BEING USED
00087
INTRPT
CLRB
CLEAR B
00088
TFR
B,DP
CLEAR DP
00089
•r Mr mr mm t
ANDCC
10
ENABLE INTERRUPTS
00090
RTS
RETURN TO PROGRAM
00091
ft
00092
ft
00093
♦CLOSE
FILES & RETURN
TO PROGRAM
00094
CLOSE
JSR
ICA3B
CLOSE FILES
00095
LBRA
$1377
RETURN TO PROGRAM
00096
ft
00097
ft
00098
♦ROUTINE TO ALLOW YOU
TO ENTER A
00099
♦NAME FOR THE
DISK FILE
00100
FNAME
PSHS
U
SAVE U
00101
LEAX
PROMPT, PCR "FILENAME?"
00102
LBSR
$1221
PRINT PROMPT
00103
LBSR
$1EC6
GET USER INPUT
00104
LDB
<$12
GET LENGTH OF INPUT
00105
LDX
<$13
GET ADDRESS OF INPUT
00106
PSHS
DP
SAVE DP
00107
CLRA
CLEAR A
00108
TFR
A, DP
CLEAR DP
00109
LEAY
BACK, PCR SAVE A RETURN
00110
PSHS
Y
ADDRESS ON STACK
00111
CLR
LOWER STACK
00112
LDA
$95A
SET DEFAULT
00113
STA
$EB
DRIVE NUMBER
00114
LDY
#$94C
NAME STORAGE AREA
00115
LDA
i$20
ASCII SPACE
00116
ERASE
STA
,Y*
ERASE FILENAME
00117
CMPY
#$957
STORAGE AREA
00118
BNE
ERASE
00119
JMP
$C8A4
GO GET FILENAME
00120
BACK
PULS
DP
RETRIEVE DP
00121
PULS
U
RETRIEVE U
00122
RTS
RETURN TO PROGRAM
00123
PROMPT
FCC
♦FILENAME?*
00124
FCB
$A0
TERMINATOR
00125
ft
00126
ft
00127
♦ROUTINES TO OPEN A DISK FILE
00128
♦NOTE THAT THERE ARE SLIGHT DIFFERENCES
00129
♦FOR LOAD, WRITE, AND ASSEMBLE
00130
VV 1 wv
LOAD
LDA
#$49
U)NPUT MODE
00131
LDX
I$1FF
ASCII FORMAT
00132
BRA
OPEN
GO OPEN FILE
00133
WRITE
LDA
#$4F
(OUTPUT MODE
00134
LDX
I$1FF
ASCII FORMAT
NO W SHIPPING!
*• -r ■ -
COMPARE THESE FEA TURES!
RS DISK COMPATIBLE — NO modification required
64K Memory access circuit (for 32K Rev-E computer) — NO modification needed
Parallel PI A port — Drives printer or I/O — leaves RS-232 available for modem, etc.
Expansion port — selects up to 7 more peripheral cards
Aluminum chassis — saves space — computer slides under — TV on top
— Room for Expander Card and up to 4 peripheral cards.
Additional I/O cards . . . available January 1983
• CX-2010A Quad Parallel I/O Port (2 M6821 PIAs) $99.95
• CX-2016A Speech Synthesizer (Votrax phoneme system) $129.95
. . . more peripheral cards on the way!
CX-2001 A EXPANDER CARD (REQUIRES CX-2401A) $139.95
CX-2401 A EXTENSION RIBBON CABLE $29.95
CX-3001 A ALUMINUM CHASSIS (IDEAL FOR STAND ALONE USE) $49.95
CX-P1- INTRODUCTORY OFFER — PACK AGE PRICE $199.95
PA RESIDENTS ADD 6% SALES TAX
INCLUDE $3.50 FOR SHIPPING & HANDLING WITHIN THE CONTINENTAL U.S. ADD $1.50 FOR C.O.D. CHARGES.
■ ■
kt - r JF . i> ,\ fl
General Automation
9600 Roosevelt Blvd«, Suite 1QO-LL
x philadelphia 9 PA 19115
(215) 934-3750 *
Page 32
the RAINBOW
December, 1982
00135
BRA
OPEN
GO OPEN FILE
00164
♦LIST OF ERROR CODES
00136 ASSEH
LDA
l$4F
(O)UTPUT MODE
00165
CODES FCB
$38 DF
00137
LDX
•$200
BINARY FORMAT
00166
FCB
$32 VF
00138 OPEN
STX
$957
STORE FORMAT
00167
FCB
$34 NE
00139
LDX
#$100
RECORD LENGTH
00168
FCB
$3C HP
00140
STX
$97C
IS 256 BYTES
00169
FCB
$3E FN
00141
LDB
#1
USE DEVICE il
00170
FCB
$2A FM
00142
JHP
$C468
GO OPEN FILE
00171
FCB
$0
00143 *
00172
00144 *
00173
*
00145 *ALTER ERROR HANDLING ROUTINE TO
00174
♦LIST OF ERROR MESSAGES
00146 'HANDLE NEW DISK RELATED ERRORS:
00175
ERRS FCC
♦DISK FULL*
00147 * DF VF NE WP FN FN
00176
FCB
$A0 TERMINATOR
00148 #IF NOT ONE OF THOSE,
THE ERROR
00177
FCC
♦VERIFICATION ERROR*
00149 MS ASSUMED TO BE 10
00178
FCB
$A0 TERMINATOR
00150 ERR0R1
EX6
A,B
CODE INTO. A
00179
FCC
♦FILE NOT FOUND*
00151
CLRB
CLEAR B
00180
FCB
$A0 TERMINATOR
00152
LDX
ICODES
LIST OF ERRORS
00181
FCC
♦WRITE PROTECT*
00153 6ETERR
CHPA
B,X
COMPARE CODES
00182
FCB
$A0 TERMINATOR
00154
BEQ
RET
RETURN IF MATCH
00183
FCC
♦BAD FILENAME*
00155
TST
B,X
SEE IF AT END
00184
FCB
$A0 TERMINATOR
00156
BEQ
RET
RETURN IF SO
00185
FCC
♦BAD FILE MODE*
00157
INCB
GET NEXT CODE
00186
FCB
$A0 TERMINATOR
00158
BRA
6ETERR
LOOP BACK
00187
FCC
#1/0 ERROR*
00159 RET
RTS
RETURN TO PROGRAM
00188
FCB
$A0 TERMINATOR
00160 ERR0R2
LEAX
ERRS,PCR MESSAGE TABLE
00189
END
START
00161
LBRA
$121E
GO PRINT MESSAGE
00162
00163
#
#
Including SEMI GRAPH I C-8 EDITOR
+ UTILITIES
—Disk and Tape utilities
-Boot from disk or tape
-Graphics and Sound commands
—Printer commands
-Auto— repeat and Control keys
—Fast task multiplexing
-Unique TRACE function in kernal
-Clean INTERRUPT handling
in HIGH-LEVEL FORTH
-CPU CARRY FLAG accessible
-Game of LIFE demo
-ULTRA FAST: written in assembler
-Directions included for
installing optional ROM in
disk controller or cartridge
-Free Basic game "RATMAZE"
FORTH
Hoyt Stearns Electronics
4131 E. CANNON DR. PHOENIX, ARIZONA 85028
602-996-1 71 7
Listing 2:
1 'UTILITY TO TRANSFER EDTASM+
2 'TEXT FILES FROM TAPE TO DISK
3 CLS
4 PR I NT " EDT ASM+ SOURCE CODE"
5 PR I NT "FILE TRANSFER UTILITY"
6 PRINT STRING* (32, "=")
7 CLEAR500 , 1 6308 : DEFUSR0= 16310
8 FOR X=16310 TO 16318
9 READ YIPOKE X,Y
10 NEXT X
11 DATA 173,159,160,4
12 DATA 173,159,160,6
13 DATA 57
14 PR I NT "ENTER THE NAME OF THE"
15 LINE INPUT "TAPE FILE: ";I*
16 PRINT
17 PR I NT "ENTER THE NAME OF THE"
18 LINEINPUT"DISK FILE: " ; 0*
19 AUDIO ON: OPEN" I ",#-1, I*
20 OPEN"0", #1,0*: GOTO 22
21 X=USR(0) : MOTOR OFF
22 IF PEEK(129)>0 THEN 29
23 IF PEEK (124) =255 THEN 30
24 X*=CHR* (0) : X=VARPTR (X*>
25 POKE X, PEEK (125)
26 POKE X+2, l:POKE X+3,218
27 print x*; :print#i, x*;
28 GOTO 21
29 PRINT"?IO ERROR": GOTO 31
30 PR I NT "TRANSFER COMPLETE"
31 CLOSE: END
Mario jumps into action on the Color Computer! Rolling barrels, ramps,
ladders, and killer flames must be avoided in order to save the young lady
from the monkey's grasp. So true to life, you'll try to insert quarters. How
high can you go?
MONKEY KONG Color Computer 1 6K cassette $24.95
Please add $2.00 for shipping and handling
RAINBOW
C£RTIf tCATtO*
SCAL
Med Systems Software • P.O. Box 3558 • Chapel Hill. NC 27514
TO ORDER. CALL: I 800 334 5470
Page 34
the RAINBOW
Seaso na] Graphic.
You'll Log This Program
For Holiday Merriment
By Peter Stumpf
Get ready for the holiday season with this fireplace
complete with a glowing flame and stockings hung with
care. The fire flickers brightly without dangerous sparks.
And, no logs to cut or ashes to clean. ..there is even a little
music for your enjoyment!
The listing:
1 REM *******************
2 REM * CHRISTMAS SCENE *
3 REM *******************
4 REM * BY PETER STUMPF *
5 REM * 1508 APPALOOSA *
6 REM * MC HENRY, IL *
7 REM * 60050 *
8 REM *******************
December, 1982
10 PM0DE4, 1 : PCLS: SCREEN 1 , 1
12 PM0DE3
19 REM *** DRAW CHIMNEY ***
20 LINE <78, 120) - < 178, 192) , PSET, B
25 DRAW " BM208 , 1 9 1 U 1 0 1 L25L 1 4U72L8
0
30 DRAW " BM48 , 1 9 1 U 1 0 1 R30R 1 0U72
31 PAINT < 100, 20) ,2,4
32 PAINT < 1, 1), 3, 4: PAINT < 178, 1) ,3
,4
33 REM *** DRAW BRICKS ON ***
34 REM *** LOWER CHIMNEY ***
35 FOR X=186 TO 120 STEP-6
40 LINE<48,X)-(78,X),PSET
45 NEXTX
50 FOR X=186 TO 120 STEP-6
55 LINE ( 178, X ) - <208, X) , PSET
60 NEXT
63 REM *** DRAW BRICKS ON
64 REM *** MIDDLE CHIMNEY
65 FOR X=120 TO 86 STEP-6
70 LINE<48,X)-<208,X) , PSET
75 NEXT
80 FOR X=120 TO 18 STEP-6
85 LINE<88,X)-<166,X) , PSET
90 NEXT
155 LINE<59, 191)-<59,91) ,
160 LINE<68, 191)-<68,91) ,PSET
165 FOR X=78 TO 203 STEP 10
***
***
SOUTHERN SOFTWARE SYSTEMS
Presenting . . . THE GRAPH ZAPPER
Get serious with your 80-C,
THE GRAPH ZAPPER makes plotting graphs on your 80-C a breeze
• High resolution graphs with on screen numbers and labels.
• Plots data such as electric use, stock prices, weight loss, gasoline uses,
baby's growth, jogging distance.
• Also plots equations that you supply (remember your old math class?)
• Multiple lines on one graph - mix equations and data.
• Save data for later graphing or editing.
• Sophisticated data editor makes changing data simple.
• Disk version has added features including storing completed graphs
on disk and menu driven file loading.
• Hard copies possible with common screen print programs - not supplied.
• Low resolution graphs can't compare.
• More than 1 5 pages of clear explanation of all features.
• Both versions require Ext. Color Basic, and are delivered on cassette.
• 14 day money back guarantee.
$15.95
$19.95
for 16K tape version
Add $1.00 for Shipping
RAINBOW
CERTIFICATION
SEAL
SOUTHERN SOFTWARE SYSTEMS
for 32K disk version
► Send Check or Money Order
SOUTHERN SOFTWARE SYSTEMS
485South Tropical Trail, Suite 109 • Merritt Island, Florida32952 • (305)452-2217
J
HOMEBASE™
THE
COMPLETE
TRS-80* COLOR COMPUTER
DATABASE
December, 1 982
170 LINE<X, 120)-<X,91),PSET
175 NEXT
180 LINE (189, 120) -(189, 191) ,PSET
185 LINE (199, 120) -(199, 191) ,PSET
190 FOR X-98 TO 163 STEP 10
195 LINE(X,91)-(X, 18) ,PSET
200 NEXT
204 REM *** DRAW STOCKINGS ***
205 DRAW "S2BM110, 1 20D25G 1 5L 1 0H4U
4E4R6E6U22R12" : PAINT ( 109, 125) , 6,
4
210 DRAW "S2BM138, 1 20D25G 1 5L 1 0H4U
4E4R6E6U22R 1 2 " : P A I NT ( 1 37 , 1 25 ) , 4 ,
4
215 DRAW " S2BM165, 1 20D25G 1 5L 1 0H4U
4E4R6E6U22R12": PAINT (163, 122) ,3,
4
216 GOTO 275
219 REM *** DRAW LOG HOLDER ***
220 DRAW " S4BM98 , 182L4D8R4U8R60D8
R4U8L4R4E8L 1 G7L67H7R 1 F8
223 REM *** PLAY * JOLLY OLD ***
224 REM *** 'ST. NICHOLAS' ***
225 V 1 ♦= " T303L4AAAAGGL2GL4FFFFL 1
A"
230 V2*= " L4DDDDCFL2FL4GFG A "
235 PLAYV1*+V2*+ ,, L1G"
240 PLAYV1*+V2*+"L1F"
244 REM *** DRAW FLAME ***
245 C0L0R6 : DR A W" S6BM 1 07 , 1 7 1 E6F4E
4F7E4F6D2L33U5" : PAINT ( 108, 171 ), 6
,6
249 REM *** ERASE FLAME ***
250 C0L0R5: LINE (101, 150) -(160, 18
0) ,PSET,BF
254 REM *** DRAW 2ND FLAME ***
255 C0L0R6 : DRAW " S6BM 1 07 , 1 7 1 E3F4E
7F5E5F8D2L33U5E2" : PAINT ( 108, 171 )
,6,6
259 REM *** ERASE 2ND FLAME ***
260 COLOR5:LINE(105,150)-(160,17
6) ,PSET,BF
265 GOTO 245
269 REM *** DRAW THE WORDS ***
270 REM *** MERRY CHRISTMAS ***
275 CLEAR 2000
280 SPACE»="BM+7,0"
285 A*= " U4 ; E2 ; F2 ; D2 ; NL4 ; D2 ; BM+3 ,
0"
290 c*= m bm+i , -0; Hi ; U4; El ; R2; Fi ; B
M+0, +4; Gl ; L2; BM+6, 0"
295 E*= " NR4 ; U3;NR2; U3; R4; BM+3 , +6
II
300 H*= 11 U3 ; NU3 ; R4 ; NU3 ; D3 ; BM+3 , +0
II
305 I*="BM+1 , 0; R1NR1U6NL1R1 ; BM+4
310 M*= " U6 ; F2ND 1 E2D6 ; BM+3 , 0 "
315 R*="U6; R3; Fl; D1G1L2; NL1 ; F3; B
M+3,0"
HOMEBASE™ PROVIDES WORD PROCESSING, DATA-
BASE MANAGEMENT, AND SPREAD SHEET CALCULA-
TIONS, IN ONE EASY TO USE PACKAGE. SOME OF THE
MANYUSEFUL APPLICATIONS OF HOMEBASE™ INCLUDE:
• Check book management • Ledgers • Grocery lists •
Shopping lists • Article indexing • Recipes • Disk directories
• Notes • Memos • Letters • Phone lists • Customer lists •
Business contact lists • Appointments • Mailing lists • Home
inventory • Car maintenance scheduling • Income tax prepa-
ration • Address lists • Charts • Newsletters • Athletic team
records • Form letters •
WORD PROCESSING FEATURES INCLUDE:
— DEFINE 250 screens of text you can search, sort, display,
■>i print using names you assign or using any word or
p 1 1 1 ase
— EDIT text by duplicating, moving, clearing, searching and
replacing, deleting, or reordering entire records of text or
any word or phrase.
— FORMAT labels, memos, letters, and other documents for
printing with embeded printer controls for paging, skip-
ping lines, and changing character fonts. Program con-
trols provide setting; right and left margins, lines perpage,
page width, horizontal tabs, and line spacing.
DATA MANAGEMENT FEATURES INCLUDE: *
— DEFINE 50 data fields, including a comment field, in a
single record. Dates, time of day, phone numbers and dol-
lar amounts are automatically formatted. You may also
define 24 scratchpad data fields.
— REORGANIZE records by moving data fields within re-
cords or by moving records within the file. You may sort
records using names you assign or data.
— MANAGE files by searching, deleting, clearing, duplicat-
ing, and displaying any data field or record. Add, subtract,
multiply, divide, or summarize any data field. Use any
command on any selected group of data fields and/or
records.
— PRINT files using automatic formatting with options to
print report titles, a report date, page numbers, record
names, and data field names. Print all or selected data
fields or records. Use standard or compressed print. Use a
special print option to print the comment field as a mailing
label.
UTILITIES FOR WORD PROCESSING AND DATA MAN-
AGEMENT INCLUDE:
• Generating new files from old files • Merging files • Dup-
licating files • Moving data between files • Summarizing files
• Moving files from diskette to diskette using one drive •
Saving files to cassette and reloading from casette • File
synchronizing • Print disk directory •
HOMEBASE™ IS EASY TO USE:
— NO PROGRAMMING REQUIRED. All options are dis-
played in menus. HOMEBASE™ automatically requests all
required data and edits every entry.
— All commands are single key stroke.
— FULL screen editing for text entry.
— Complete cursor control for entering names, titles, notes,
and comments.
— 100 pages of instructions with complete descriptions of
each command, and examples.
— Requires 32K of memory, disk basic and only one disk
drive. NO equipment modifications required.
— All programs reside entirely in memory.
— Fast response to all commands including search and sort.
ORDER TOLL FREE
Creditcard holders call toll free: 800-334-0854 extension 887
In North Carolina Call 800-672-0101 extension 887
or send a check or money order for $75.00 plus $5.00
for handling charges to:
HOMEBASE™ COMPUTER SYSTEMS
P.O. Box 3448
Durham, N. C. 27702
N.C. residents add 4% for sales tax. Allow 1 to 3 weeks for delivery.
HOMEBASE'" is a trademark of HOMEBASE'" COMPUTER SYSTEMS,
a subsidiary of Small Business Systems, Durham, N.C. (919) 544-5408
'TRS-80 is a trademark of Tandy Radio Shack Inc
Page 36
320 S*="Bh+0,-l;FlR2ElUlHlL2HlUl
ElR2Fl;BM+3,+5"
325 T*= " Bh+2 , +0; U6; NL2; R2» BM+3 , 6
II
330 Y*= n BM+0 , -6 ; D2F2ND2E2U2 ; BM+3
335 DRAW " BM25 , 1 5S8 " : DRAWM*+E*+R
$+r*+Y*+SPACE*
340 DRAWC*+H*+R*+I*+S*
345 DRAWT*+M*+A*+S*
350 GOTO 219 rfgfc
Software Review...
H.E.M. Can Give You
An Expense "Handle"
Is chewing gum food? Or, is it "entertainment?" And, how
about alcohol? Do David and I really spend $200 a month
on lunch? And, did we eat more in February than March, or
did wejustpay morefor thefood weate? Do you mean to tell
me that so far this year we have spend more on expenses for
our TDP-100 than we have on groceries? I seem to be getting
more questions than answers as I review Household
Expense Manager and try to get a "handle" on our
household budget.
My friends tell me I am quite organized and I've always
more or less agreed with them. I mean, I do have a place for
everything and like to keep everything in its place. My
recipes are all on index cards and kept in a neat file. Our
entire collection of record albums is in alphabetical order. I
can place my hands on any book we own in a matter of
seconds. I have every warranty and instruction sheet for
every item we have purhcased in 14 years of marriage, and
our basement is even orderly. So, how come I have only a
wild guess about how much money the two of us spend on
entertainment each month?
Household Expense Manager is a set of programs
designed for creating and maintaining a data file of 30
household expense categories. It was handed to me to review
because certain people identified me as a "nautural" since I
happen to pay for just about everything by check and do
take pride in exercising a degree of control over my life. This
review may just blow my image.
The most significant realization I have come to from
running H.E.M. is that I have to admit that I simply don't
know how much we do spend on certain budget items. A
friend of mine snickered when I entered $40 for lunch for a
month for both David and myself — we both work. He
pointed out that we must live on bread and water — and day-
old bread at that. A bit of mental calculation told me that
perhaps $200 rather than $40 would be more like it. When I
put down $15 a month for gasoline and oil, he laughed out
loud. Again, I came to a radically different sum when I
acutally was forced into thinking about it.
There's no doubt about it; H.E.M. makes you think. I
found the "year to date" and "month to date" options most
useful, because, if you really sit down and earnestly try to
acount for where your money has gone, you do learn
something. After listing as much as I could in every
category, I saved the data file to tape, erased the "ENTRY"
subroutine and loaded "LIST."
With "LIST," I reviewed my totals for the various entries
and also made montly and yearly printouts. A printer is not
absolutely necessary, but it sure makes things more orderly.
December, 1982
It made me feel a lot more in control to have the itemization
down on paper. Lastly, I loaded up "ANALYSIS" to see
what it would do for, or do to, me.
"ANALYSIS" is a comparison program. For instance,
with this subroutine, you can compare June's expenses with
October's and the program runs a colorful bar graph
indicating the expense ratio. While this is a very impressive
bit of graphic display, I found that it brought more
questions to my mind than it did answers. Why is the
telephone bill twice as much in October as it is in June? Is
there a pattern or cycle to our telephone expenses? With
H.E.M. , you can find out things like that. The best thing is
that H.E.M. gives you a place to start and a plan of action to
bring your household budget into some kind of respectable
shape. You still have to dig out all the receipts, old checks
and such yourself, but you just key in the amounts and
H.E.M. keeps a running total.
Household Expense Manager also asks you on certain
entries if a portion of it is tax deductible and keeps a separate
subtotal of tax deductible items, but I found that the
breakdown was not really specific enough to be of much
value in preparing tax returns. However, the documentation
points out that H.E.M. is user modifiable, so I guess you
could modify this portion to suit your own individual needs.
I found it rather easy to simply replace some of the
categories that were of little concern to me with budget items
that we, ourselves, spend a sizable chunk of money on.
A new one I added, for instance, was "computer
expenses." I also considered "magazines," a passion of
David's, and "record albums," a passion of my own. I also
reconsidered some of my own considerations. For instance,
when I suggested that "David's paperback books" be a
separate itemization, he countered with "cat food, toys and
supplies." If there's a breakout of "shop tools," does that
entail keeping a close watch on "kitchen appliances?"
Clearly, things could get sticky if we decided to carry things
too far.
A separate subroutine provided in Household Expense
Manager really is an "other than household expense"
program. "EXPACCT" provides a means for keeping a
cassette diary of travel expenses, not than I plan to pack my
TDP-100 along with me when I go out of town. But, again, it
does help you organize your travel expenses and even
subtracts your expenses from your travel advance, in the
case of business trips, and tells you whether the company
owes you, or you have to spend more to eat up your advance.
The best feature of "EXPACCT" is that you can search
your data files based on cross-reference criteria. That is, if
you can't remember off the top of your head the date of your
trip to the Windy City, you can simply key in "Chicago"and
search the files by city name rather than date. If you spent a
night at some unmemorable wide place in the road in the
boonies, and can't remember the date or the location, you
can search the files by the name of the hotel. If you can't
recall any of the above, you can still find your data file by
keying in the purpose of the trip. And, if you still need help,
well, chances are it is neither reimbursable nor deductible,
anyway.
Loading subroutines and saving data files can be quite
tedious if you're trying to assemble a lot of data and you
begin to see the value of a disk drive when using H.E.M. if
you're among those of us who use a cassette recorder.
Generally, however, I found Household Expense
Manager to be a helpful program that is easy to operate, one
that can show you where your money's going and — if the
shoe fits — where you may be "blowing it."
(Color Software Services, P.O. Box 1708, Dept. R,
Greenville, TX 75401, 16K Ext. BASIC, $19.95.)
— Jenni Khaliel
The UAINBUW
December, 1982
the RAINBOW
Page 37
Let's Take
"Basic" Training
By Joseph Kolar
This is the first in a series of articles by Joseph Kolar
which will be devoted entirely to the beginning computerist.
Mr. Kolar s compassion for the bewildered beginner is
expressed in the most earnest and understandable of terms,
and we feel that if the novice will follow his suggestions and
advice closely, that day when computing becomes more fun
than frustration will #frive*%k [ the sooner.
In the beginning tnffrsfjS&s nothing... .Then there was the
TRS-80 Color Computer. .■: And then came the newcomer to
computing. »t
The purpose of this succeeding articles is to give aid
and comfort to the be^iijfieOn getting over the rough spots.
It is one thing to give a person a color computer and the
"getting started ^ith^eolw-^^p'' manual and wishing him
luck. Learning ttj^mbute should be a fun thing.
The newcomer tr/ajtf)putirjg knows that there are certain
acts of omission and commission in the manual. He senses
the need for a magazine, such as the Rainbow, to fill in the
gray areas. This has its limitations. He finds it difficult to
fathom microcomputer terminology and the attendent
jargon.
His requirements are simple:
"Give me information that I can use, in convenient bites
and use language that I understand. Be sensitive to my
bewilderment, and don't overwhelm me or ignore me.
Above all, let me have fun while I learn. "
We will not burden him with difficult concepts and
machine language. We will give help and suggestions, in
small increments. We will seem to insult his intelligence by
explaining things in detail.
The pep talk is over! You have the color computer and
manual. Fingers are itchy. You are ready to begin. Well, not
quite!
The beginner.... You, hereafter, would be well advised to
organize your work station<-¥ou will save confusion and
time. Here is an inexpensive,, yet compact set-up: Set up a
card table. Place your c^pRSfegLOgJt in front of the TV. On
one side of the compuOT^o'cattj^your cassette recorder.
Right in back of it, positia^plMK container and fill it with
a number of pens and^rai^iftV In back of the pencil
container, keep your stockif fypir^paper, and usable scrap
paper. Next, at the ot^rswk^ ^i^n\puter , keep lessons,
magazines and proemp^ voi a^e 'currently copying or
consulting. In back/9rJl|iis^/ea/^eep a revolving cassette
holder to store your tapes in a compact, yet accessible area.
If your TV has a flat top, you can place a plastic, 3 by 5
note paper dispenser on it. You can use the top of your
computer for note-taking. A folded piece of typewriting
paper fits very conveniently between the vents. Keep in mind
that the air vents are not decorations. Repeat after me,
"Never cover the air vents." Speaking of never, never drink
or allow anyone to drink or place beverages in your work
area. That is a no, no!
A question! Do you find that your manual flops around
and is unwieldy and awkward to use? Do you balance it in
your lap or lay it on the computer and watch the pages
maddeningly flip over, losing your place? Sure, you have!
There is a solution that will make Radio Shack richer by
YOU'VE WANTED ft
IN A COMPUTER F
AND MORE
TDP SYSTEM IOO
A COMPLETE SYSTEM READY TO PLUG INTO YOUR COLOR T.V. SET
Features:
• 16K Memory
• Expandable to 32K at any TDP Service Center
Nationwide; and to 32/64K through Southco,
the Georgia Distributor
• Designer Cosmetics in White and Black
High Impact Case
• Raised Keyboard with Gold Contacts
to Withstand Constant Use
• Standard Basic Built— in (Microsoft)
• RS232 Interface Device Built-in
(Permits hook up with printer or telephone
modem without purchase of the RS232, a $200.00
extra charge on most computers.)
• RF Interface for Direct Hook Up to any TV Built— in
• Vast Source of High Resolution Arcade Color Games
• Inexpensive Telewriter Word Processing
Applications Available
• Programming Manual (s) Included at No Charge
• Bust Out Game Pak Included at No Charge
• Joy Sticks Included at No Charge
MODEL 10-1000
suggested retail
ONLY $379
■
vrSOUTHCO
w> SALES CORPORATION
Dealer Enquiries for Complete Information Call or Write:
Tommy Thompson or Roy Green (404) 355-2960
1500 Marietta Blvd. IM.W. Atlanta,Georgia 30318
Page 38
the RAINBOW
December, 1982
$5.95. Invest in a duplicate manual. Keep the original for
reference. Cut out the pages from the second manual, by
chapters. Place them between the vents of the computer. It is
a nifty place, from where you can conveniently key in the
programs and follow the lessons presented in the manual.
After you master each lesson, chuck the chapter in the trash
can. It is a good trade-off and small price to pay for the
convenience it will afford.
In learning to compute and program, typing is the name
of the game. Nothing happens unless you tickle the keys on
the keyboard. If you know how to type, good. If you hunt
and peck, good. It is not important how you hit the keys but
that you do hit them.
If you can't type, try this. Place your fingers on the ASDF
and JKL; keys. Drop your palms to rest on the edge of the
computer. Keeping your palms in place (resting on the
computer), lift your fingers. This is your typing position.
Using any finger you desire, while keeping your palms in
place, press the keys that spell your name. If you try to use all
your fingers, you will find that you can do a pretty good job.
You didn't know you could type did you?
If hunt and peck is your cup of tea, so be it. Any system
you use is fine, and speed, though not a requirement, comes
with practice.
But, you have to type. Boy, do you have to type! Practice
typing programs and text and do whatever exercises the
manual demands. Always type a program rather than cload
a tape. On the face of it, typing seems to be an unpleasant
chore. As you progress, you will find it easier and easier. So
PARENTS & TEACHERS
of children ages 3to 8
Software written by School Director to utilize computer
as an aid in teaching Early Childhood Concepts. Puts
fun & excitement into learning.
Requires 16K ext. basic & Joysticks.
COMPUTER LITERACY $14.95
Introduces computer age terms & concepts to parents & teachers. Audio/visual.
CREATE $9.95
Useof colors & sounds fascinates all ages. Uses Joysticksto DRAW.
HAND/EYE COORDINATION $14.95
Guide spaceship thru maze. 13 learning levels. Challenge t»all ages.
RECOGNITION $14.95
Child iearnsto recognize "like" figures. 2 separate games. Many learning levels.
LLJ,BBBBBBI l-lBBBrX-«--lBlpb* + lllP# + "-l"PP"-""-"""""^*""""-"-'""'-*"""""""""»""""'"""""' -
Following Programs USE VOICE RECORDED
EXPLANATIONS & GAMES IN FUN & EXCITING WAY:
PERCEPTION $14.95
Teaches antonyms, i.e. left/right, first/last, etc.
NUMBER CONCEPTS $14.95
Teaches meaning of numbers.
ADDITION CONCEPTS $14.95
Teaches basic arithmetic skills.
20% discount for 3 or more programs; $75 for all 7 programs.
Send Certified Check or money order for immediate delivery; otherwise
2 weeks.
PROGRAMS BY MR. BOB
P.O.BOX94
MONTROSE, CA 91020
RAINBOW
what if you make mistakes? Join the crowd! You can always
correct mistakes.
Be on the lookout for boo-boos you habitually make. For
instance, you might strike an R instead of a 4; a C instead of
an X; an S instead of a $; confuse an I for a 1 and an O for a 0
or vise versa; weakly strike a key and not depress it. See what
I mean? Check your typing and note the errors you are prone
to make. When you run a program you typed in, and it
doesn't work properly, look for the errors that are your
specialty.
Programs are very demanding. You must type or key
them in exactly as they appear right down to the most trivial
punctuation mark. Keep in mind that every character,
symbol or punctuation mark is an integral part of the
program. Leave out so much as a comma, and you will be
sorry!
There are three good reasons to practice typing. First, you
will become proficient, and typing won't be an ordeal when
you are faced with keying in a long program. When you are
creating your own programs, you won't lose your train of
thought.
Secondly, as you type lines in a program, you will see
many familiar lines. You will remember their significance
and they will help you to understand other lines. You will
find yourself "thinking programming" as you copy the lines.
Finally, certain combinations of letters and words have
patterns that your fingers follow. For example: A$="X."
You will always have the pattern, (shift and press $ with the
left hand; shift and strike = with the right hand; shift and
strike " with the left hand; and later shift and strike " with the
left hand again). That is a hand movement pattern you will
use thousands of times. Try RND(X) or CHR$(128) and
you will get different patterns. But, patterns you will repeat
ad nauseam. Become familiar with these fingering patterns
and you will execute them automatically and correctly after
a while.
Improvise a type easel on which to hold the Rainbow and
other material to be copied or studied.
You can purchase the Radio Shack typing easal for
$15.95. The drawback is that it consumes valuable desk
workspace. It must, by its nature, be folded up and placed
elsewhere when space is at a premium, creating clutter.
Making clutter is not good planning.
There is an alternative. Put your creative instincts to
work. Assume that you have a cassette recorder that is
configured like the Radio Shack CRT-80A. Suppose you
invested $1 .99 and bought a desk-top calculator stand with
an adjustable angle. Could you set the stand to the sharpest
angle? Could you attach the recorder on top of it (centered,
of course), with a large rubber band just above the row of
labeled commands? Is it easier to monitor the counter
without straining or shifting about?
Suppose you extended the carrying handle and clipped an
ordinary household, spring-loaded clothespin
approximately in the middle of the extended handle. If you
picked out a Rainbow article you wanted to study or copy,
creased it firmly and placed it on top of the recorder butting
against the clothespin, would you have a typing easel?
There is a slight trade-off. The calculator stand partially
covers the air vents underneath the recorder. But, minimal
use in csaving and cloading takes, precludes overheating. It
is fairly stable. For the accident prone, add a block of wood
or some object under the recorder so it will not tip over. (I
December, 1982
the RAINBOW
Page 39
use that area as a home for a pocket dictionary.)
Use your native ingenuity to solve this problem. Need I
add that wood-butchers among you will have no problem in
building a suitable stand? Caution! Leave an open area to
accommodate the air vents.
When cloading or csaving to tape, you can drop the
plastic cassette box in the space created by the extended
carrying arm. The box will be readily accessible in a safe
place. Clip the clothespin on the right side of the handle or
on the rim of your plastic pencil holder.
You have just created (ah, beautiful word) a dual-purpose
tool and conserved precious desk space. Now, if you had a
desk lamp in back of the cassette....
You may wonder why so much time is being spent yaking
about typing skills. It is such an essential part of your study
that it is better to get very friendly with the keyboard now, so
that later, you can have fun and devote your time and effort
to programming.
Do yourself a favor and keep notes on anything you find
of interest. Keep track of mistakes you commonly make;
things you find difficulty in understanding; paraphrase
things you want to remember and write them down. In the
next article, we will discuss organizing your notebooks. So,
gather notes and have them ready.
A f ew random thoughts. Buy an inexpensive pair of metal
book-ends to store your magazines.
Never, never throw away your old copies of the Rainbow.
In fact, make it a point to get the back issues. They contain a
wealth of information that you will want to have at your
disposal. As your progress, you will be dipping into these
invaluable reference materials. In the meantime, get squared
away and have fun. Remember, we are on your side!
Hardware Review...
CoCo Cooler Will A ir
Out Your Hot Chips
The one problem that we seem to hearthe most about as
far as the Color Computer is concerned, hardware-wise, is a
problem with heat buildup inside the case. Usually traced to
the SAM chip, high heat can cause all sorts of problems-
usually just when you don't want them.
Enter Co Co Cooler, a simple little device that really isn't
as simple as it appears. It is a fan setup that you can easily
(yes, really easily) install inside the 80C's case and keep
things, hey, I mean, you know, cool.
CoCo Cooler is a small fan attached to the top of the RF
shield that covers the chips inside the case. You simply pry
off the old RF shield cover, snap on the one with the CoCo
Cooler, attach a (supplied) electric wire and you are in
business.
Why the electric wire? Well, first of all, there is no way to
get a plug through the air holes in CoCo's case, so you have
to do that yourself. Second of all, connecting CoCo Cooler
to an internal power supply would have required more
soldering and would have drained the internal power.
The instructions were simple (fumblefingers Falk did it
with ease); the results gratifying. And, while we wish it had
come with an on/ off switch, an online switch can be easily
purchased at any Radio Shack store and added in a minute
or two. For those with a power strip, a switch isn't needed.
Best of all, CoCo Cooler keeps things cool. Our oldest
80C had some heating problems, but no more. Not
withCoCo Cooler CoCo Cooling away.
(Spectrum Projects, 93-15 86 Drive, Woodhaven NY
11421, $49.95 plus $2 s/h)
23
STRICTLY
■LOR
iFTWARE
P.O. BOX 382
WEST POINT, PA 1 9486
THE WAIT IS OVER!
Do you envy the wall of wargames for the Bleep Computer?
Are your fingers tired from twiddling a joystick?
Do you wish you could exercise your mind?
You need MISSIONrEMPIRE
MISSION:EMPIRE! for disk or cassette $19.95*
A strategic wargame. Starting with one planet, incomplete intelligence and limited
resources, you must conquer the rest of your galaxy. The game takes 2-5 hours and is
DIFFERENT EVERY TIME! Both versions offer the option of saving a game in progress.
Send check, money order or MasterCard/Visa number (including expiration date and SIGN order).
Specify disk or cassette version. Both are shipped on cassette (to get the program on disk add
$3.00). Price includes shipping. PA residents include 6% sales tax.
* Requires Color Computer (®Tandy Corp.) with 32K, Extended Basic and cassette or disk.
RAINBOW
CERTIFICATION
SEAl
Page 40
the RAINBOW
December, 1982
w
.*•..<: *
a*
(C) 1982
32K Machine Language
$24.95 TAPE
$27.95 DISK
ARCADE
ACTION
This game con-
tains all 4 screens
like the popular ar-
cade game. The
actual screen
photos shown are
only 2 of the four
contained in this
program.
Actual T.V.
Screen
Photos.
How high can you climb?
Plays like the popular
arcade game!
full graphic screens.
Exciting sound and realistic
graphics. Never before has
the color computer seen a
game like this.
Early reviews say simply
outstanding.
TOM MIX SOFTWARE
For The Color Computer and The TDP-100
3424 College, N.E., Grand Rapids, Ml 49505 • (616)364-4791
Add $1.00 Postage & Handling • Top Royalties Paid
Michigan Residents Add 4% Sales Tax • Looking For New Software
December, 1 982 the RAINBOW
Using Graphics . ,
High Resolution Graphics
Techniques Are Explained
By Don Inman
Rainbow Contributing Editor
This is the third article of a series on the graphic
capabilities of the TRS-80 Color Computer. Last month,
we investigated the technique of "turning"pages in PMODE
O AND PMODE 1. In those modes, several pages can be
used to hold static graphic displays. You can then alternate
the page(s) displayed to simulate motion. We will move up
to higher resolution this month. Higher resolution requires
more graphic pages to fill the screen than lower resolution.
Therefore, we must change our method to achieve apparent
motion.
PMODE 4
The highest resolution is obtained in PMODE 4. Four
pages of graphic memory are needed to fill the video display.
Therefore, we have only two full screens to work with.
face of the die. All you really see is a square.
" tm
page 1
niiii I
page 2
page 3
page 4
and
page 5
I ll ■ II Pit M ■ »I4
page 6
page 7
■■ "
page 8
Imimm ■ w. *«
Since we have only two screens, we can't create much
animation by the technique used previously. However, by
using the SCREEN statement, we can control the pages
being displayed. We can draw on one set of screens while the
others are being displayed. If the figures drawn are simple,
the time used to display one set of pages will be adequate to
provide relatively smooth movement.
Planning Your Moves
The secret of creating sophisticated graphic programs lies
in one basic fact. Complex programs are just a combination
of a series of short, simple modules. When put together,
simple graphic modules form a powerful tool to enhance
what might otherwise be a dull program. Don't try to create
a masterpiece in one giant step. You can achieve your goal
much quicker by using a series of short, well thought out
steps.
The first step in planning the graphics portion of a
program is a rough sketch of what you want to display. I use
a pad of quarter-inch quadrille paper and go through many
sketches before 1 think about writing a program. We'll
demonstrate this approach in developing the first program
of this article.
Think of a pair of dice rolling across a gaming table. Now,
simplify what you see. Imagine you are looking straight on
and see only the face of the dice. Let's go even farther and
only consider one die. Don't even consider the spots on the
the faceless die
Now, imagine this one, faceless die rolling across the table.
Although the die moves in a continuous manner, think of
just the simplest positions that it will pass through. Draw
one complete revolution, keeping one reference point on the
die in mind. Figure 1 shows what I came up with.
Figure 1 — Die Roll
3 4 5 6 7
8
□OnOdOnOn
Sit back and take a good look at Figure 4. Ignoring the
reference point, 1 see only two basic positions.
and
This looks like the basis for a crude animation. It may be too
simple for your final die roll simulation, but it is a start.
Since there are only two positions, we can draw one position
on each set of four pages. The program will then become a
series of draw, display, erase, move and redraw instructions.
The basic die roll will involve these steps.
1. DRAW □ on pages 1-4 at the left side of the screen.
2. Display pages 1-4 and DRAW <Q> on 5-8 at a new
position.
3. Display pages 5-8 and DRAW □ on 1-4 at a new
position.
4. Display pages 1-4 and DRAW <> on 5-8 at a new
position.
Repeat until the right side of the screen is reached,
The Color Computer has all the necessary statements to
draw the die.
For the first position
(XI, Yl)
DRAW "BM XI, Yl,; U20 R20 D20 L20"
For the second position
(X2,Y2)
DRAW "BM X2, Y2; H14 E14 F14 G14"
Next, we must consider the X, Y cordinates needed to
make a smooth movement across the screen from left to
I
SPELL *N FIX
Finally Available for the Color Computer!
Now produce goof-proof text on your Color Computer by letting SPELL 'N FIX find and correct your spelling and
typing mistakes. Used since 1981 on larger 6800 and 6809 systems, SPELL 'N FIX is now available for your Color
Computer too.
* Checks your text against a 20,000 word dictionary and finds your spelling and typing errors.
* Displays all questionable words, or prints them on your printer for later action.
* Even corrects errors in your text. Wrong words can be highlighted or changed to their correct spelling.
* Fast and accurate — reads text faster than you can, spots and corrects errors even experienced
proofreaders miss.
* Dictionary can be expanded and customized — technical and even foreign words are easily added.
* Available for the Radio Shack disc, cassette, or Flex disk operating system.
* Compatible with all Color Computer Text Processors, including TeleWriter!
SPELL 'N FIX is available off-the-shelf right NOW, and costs $69.29 in the Radio Shack disk or cassette versions
(32K RAM required!); $89.29 in the Flex version. (Other versions, including Percom DOS, SSB DOS, and OS-9
versions also available — contact us.)
HUMBUG
Now in a Color Computer Version
HUMBUG is the famous SUPER MONITOR for 6800 and 6809 systems — you can now use it on your Color
Computer too.
HUMBUG is a complete machine language monitor and debugging system which allows access to the full power of
the 6809E processor in the computer. HUMBUG lets you
* Input programs and data into memory.
* Output and list memory contents in various formats.
* Insert multiple breakpoints into programs.
* Single-step through machine language programs.
* Test, checksum, and compare memory contents.
* Find data in memory.
* Start and stop programs.
* Upload and download from bigger systems, save to tape.
* Connect the Color Computer to a terminal, printer, or remote computer.
* Learn how the Color Computer works by studying the listing of HUMBUG in the complete manual.
HUMBUG is available right NOW on disk or cassette for $39.95 for 16K or 32K Color Computers. Special version
for 64K systems costs $59.29 and is compatible with software for large 6809 systems.
Other Color Computer Software
CHECK 'N TAX — Basic programs for checkbook maintenance and income tax reports, for either RS Disk or
Flex, $50.
REMOTERM — allows full operation of the Color Computer from an external terminal. $19.95.
LFPRINT — permits the Color Computer to be used with non-standard serial printers which do not support
handshaking or automatic line feeds. $19.95.
NEWTALK — a memory examine utility for machine language programmers which reads out memory contents
through the TV set speaker. $20.
SHRINK — our version of Eliza, in machine language and extremely fast. $15.
OXXO — our version of Othello, also machine language and very fast. $15.
We accept cash, check, COD, Visa, or Master Card. NY State residents please add appropriate sales tax.
Star Kits
P.O. Box 209— R
Mt. Kisco, N.Y. 10549
(914) 241-0287
n
RAINBOW
CERTIFICATION
3£*L
Some Plain Talk About a DOS
or
Why You Should Use STAR-DOS
The Disk Operating System, or DOS for short, is a program which acts as a file
manager for a disk. The DOS acts as a buffer between the disk hardware, and
the software which uses that disk. Its mimary function is to maintain a disk
directory on each disk, fetch program or data files from the disk as needed, and
store programs or data back on the disk.
When you buy the Radio Shack Disk System for the Color Computer, a Read
Only Memory (ROM) integrated circuit inside the disk controller contains
those parts of a DOS which change Extended Basic into Disk Extended Basic.
Although this Basic allows you to initialize a disk, maintain a disk directory,
store and fetch programs and data, and do many other functions of a real DOS,
it has one major drawback — it only works with Basic. There is no easy way to
integrate it with machine or assembly language programs, and so you are still
limited by the speed and power of Basic.
For this reason, many sophisticated Color Computer users are seriously considering switching to another DOS.
Some of our competitors are marketing a very flexible DOS, long a favorite among users of larger 6809 systems,
which has been adapted to run on the Color Computer. This particular DOS is quite popular among other 6809
users, and there are many available programs which run under it. But it has several disadvantages. It often requires
that you void your warranty by opening and modifying the Color Computer. It is completely incompatible with the
Radio Shack DOS, and the two cannot read each other's disks. It's also expensive — since you must buy a new
Basic to make full use of it (normal Radio Shack Basic disk commands don't work with it), you must pretty much
discard all your existing software and start over — new DOS, new Basic, new editor, new text processor, etc. etc.
STAR-DOS is the Solution
STAR-DOS is a real DOS which blends all the best features you want into one DOS. STAR-DOS will run on a
standard, unmodified 16K or larger Color Computer using the Radio Shack disk system. Its disk format is fully
compatible with Radio Shack Disk Basic — files written by Basic can be read by STAR- DOS and vice versa. Since
there is full disk compatibility, you need not throw out your existing programs or files.
But the beauty of STAR-DOS becomes obvious to the serious user. From the programmer's viewpoint, STAR-
DOS is just like other standard 6809 Disk Operating Systems. It provides all the standard features you need, such
as provisions for multiple 320-byte file control blocks, routines to open, read, write, and close named files, rename
or delete files, read or write single sectors, search or modify the directory, and more. STAR- DOS is so powerful
that many programs written for other 6809 systems can be run with STAR-DOS just by changing a few addresses.
STAR-DOS is supplied on a disk with a comprehensive user and programmer's manual, which explains all
available routines and entry points, along with examples showing how to use them. The manual explains how to
convert programs running under another DOS to run with STAR-DOS. It also comes with a number of utilities to
make use of your disk system even easier and faster. It costs just $49.90 and is available NOW.
Available NOW for STAR-DOS
ALL-IN-ONE — the super Text Editor/Text Processor/Mailing List/Mailing Label program from AAA Chicago
Computer Center which can process your text and even print individually addressed form letters from your
mailing list. Adapted for STAR-DOS and available NOW for just $50.
SPELL 'N FIX — the spelling correction program now available in the original Color Computer version or the new,
much faster, STAR-DOS version. Finds and fixes spelling and typo errors fast, and costs $69.29.
COMING . . . more software runningunder STAR- DOS is in the works. Write for details, or see last month's ad for
other programs.
Above prices include shipping for orders prepaid by cash, check, or money order. We also accept COD, Visa, and
MasterCard. NY State residents please include sales tax.
Star Kits
P.O. Box 209— R
Mt. Kisco, N.Y. 10549
(914) 241-0287
RAINBOW
CERTIFICATION
SEAL
Page 44
the RAINBOW
December, 1982
COLOR TERM + PLUS + Look at these features:
Operates at 110-19200 BAUD: Half or Full Duplex; I or 2
stop bits; odd, even, or no parity; send and receive
BASIC & Machine Language programs; word wrap; Edit
Buffer; Code & Decode buffer using a user defined key
word; save and load buffer to tape. + PLUS + much
more! 16k or 32k Reg. or Ext. BASIC. PRICE $29.95
(tape)*
TAPENAME Tapename searches tape and stores the
name of any program or file. You can print the informa-
tion to the screen, printer or tape. Also checks for load
errors. 4k, 16k, or 32k Reg. or Ext. BASIC. PRICE $7.95
(tape)*
COLOR DISK SAVER Saves a disk to tape. Reloads
disk from saved tape. Also has tape verify command!
32k Ext. BASIC Req. PRICE $12.95 (tape)**
MEMCHECK (Free with purchase of 3 or more pro-
grams.) Checks memory in minutes instead of hours.
Fast test and long test. 4k, 16k, or 32k Reg. or Ext.
BASIC PRICE $4.95 (tape)*
CURSOR II Hate that blinking cursor? Tired of seeing
the computer print "OK 1 ' after your program just bomb-
ed? Cursor II changes the cursor to a solid, non-flashing
red. Enter any message up to 200 characters in length.
Your message will be displayed instead of "OK". 4k,
16k, or 32k Reg, or Ext. BASIC. PRICE $4.95 (tape)*
SUPER PEEKER This is a BASIC program that will
allow the user to explore the inside of the color com-
puter. Explore the possibilities with Super Peeker. 16k
or 32k Ext. BASIC Req. PRICE $9.95 (tape)*
DISK DIRECTORY Prints disk directory to screen
and/or printer. Free with purchase of any program. You
must ask for it to get it free. 16k or 32k Ext. BASIC Req.
PRICE $2.95 (tape)
MODEM CHESS Use your Modem and your Color
Computer to play chess over tfiepkmne! Has high res col-
or graphics board and pieces. Make your move, select a
message to send, press a button— seconds later your oppo-
nent's board is updated automatically. Has audio alerts,
lets you know when a move is being made. 16k or 32k
Ext. BASIC Req. PRICE $39.95 (tape) (Disk 32k only)*'
COLOR IAGO Based on popular Othello game. Match
wits with your computer'. Uses high res color graphics. 5
levels of difficulty. Joysticks required. 16k or 32k Ext.
BASIC. PRICE $15.95 (tape)
CLONE ATTACK Blast those nasties as they appear! 3
skill levels and 9 levels of difficulty. Uses high res color
graphics. Joysticks required. 16k or 32k Ext. BASIC on-
ly. PRICE $ 15.95 (tape) (Disk 32k only)
[Special 32k version $2.00 extra]
MOON BASE INVASION Nuclear bombs are nearing
your cities! Can you stop them before they reach you?
16k or 32k Ext. BASIC Req. High res graphics. PRICE
$12.95 (tape)
COLOR LIFE This one shows births and deaths, as well
as generation number and population levels. 16k or 32k
Ext. BASIC Req. (FAST!) PRICE $12.95 (tape)**
Most programs are Disk compatible. Specify Disk when
ordering and add $5.00 per program. Save money and
ask that all ordered programs be loaded on one disk. You
pay only for the one disk! Please add $2.00 shipping and
handling on all orders. Texas residents add 5% sales tax.
Allow two weeks for personal checks. Your order will
usually be shipped within two to three days. We will
notify you of any problems within one week. Send
orders to: DOUBLE DENSITY SOFTWARE, 920 Bald-
win Street, Denton, Texas 76201. Phone 817/566-2004.
We are looking for quality software. If you have a pro-
gram you think is a winner, send it to us. If it meets our
standards, you will be paid TOP royalties.
* Machine Language.
Machine Language Subroutines.
right, or from right to left. I have chosen a left to right roll,
but you might want to roll from right to left. In this first
version of the program, let's use a constant Y value of 50. We
have these limits for X.
Y+50 . , . , »••».,. X+255, Y+50
* * ■ » ►■
r ■ ■ - 4 h i . t .
Also keep in mind that we are using a square that is 20 units
wide.
-20
We'll start the die at X=30 and move the die 20 units across
the screen in each move. The first three positions would look
like this.
f note: positions 2 and 3 are drawn
from the same point
Since we said the die would be faceless, we'll use the
PAINT statement to make it so. We'll paint from the
"center" of the square. The statement varies according to the
position of the square.
starting
position
(X+10,40)
center
(X,50)
starting
position
(x,40)
center
Also remember to clear the screen before each drawing. This
will erase the previously drawn square.
At last, I think we are ready to write the program. Our
first attempt looks like this.
Die Roll
100 GOTO 270 < go clear pages
110 PMODE 4,1: PCLS < ready pages 1-4
120 DRAW "BM30,50; U20R20D20L20" f — DRAW on
pages 1-4
130 PAINT (40,40), 1,1
140 FOR X+50 TO 220 STEP 20
* *
i
t
i
i
t
!
I
f
I
I
I
(
I
BALANC I NO
Husband tested/Wei 1 documented
130 entries per month
Checks/Deposits/Bank Charges
A marriage saver
Sl8.95pp Cass/Ext BASIC only
FM3 Enterprises
3922 Mi 11 creek Drive
Annandale, VA
December, 1982
the RAINBOW
Page 45
150 SCREEN 1,0 « display pages 1-4
160 PMODE 4,5: PCLS < ready pages 5-8
170 X$+STR$ (X) < make a string for DRAW
180 DRAW "BM"=X$='\50; H14E14F14G14 DRAW
on 5-8
190 PAINT (X,40), 1,1
200 SCREEN 1,0 < display pages 5-8
210 PMODE 4,1: PCLS* — ready pages 1-4
220 DRAW "BM" =X$=",50; U20R20D20L20' V- DRAW
on 1-4
230 PAINT (X= 10,40), 1,1,
240 NEXT X ^— move it across the screen
250 GOTO 1 10 < do it again
260 END
270 PCLEAR 8: CLEAR 50: GOTO 1 10 < clear pages
and string space
Angular Motion
Instead of moving the die in a purely horizontal
movement, let's see what we have to do to move it to the
right and downward. To think this one through, I have to get
back to my drawing board.
Position 1 looks like the easiest so I laid out the pattern of
moves shown in Figure 2. I'll call these the odd positions
since they are in positions 1, 3, 5, etc.
Figure 2 — Odd Positions of the Die
Q 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220 240
20 f~
40 |
60 I
80
100
120 >
140
160
I *
180
The die will rotate while moving to the right and
downward for position 2, 4, 6, etc. Figure 3 shows the
even positions of the die.
Figure 3 — Even Positions of the Die
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220 240
II f
When you put the first positions of Figure 2 and Figure 3
together, you get something like this:
II 20 40 60 80
0 r
Notice that successive positions of the die are uniform in
the X direction. This was done for convenience so that the
FOR-NEXT loop would conform to that in our first
program. Also notice that a regular pattern was used for the
movement in the Y direction. The motion in two directions
combined with the rotation creates a crude simulation of the
die tumbling through space. The resulting program is very
similar to the rolling die program. I've moved the starting
point closer to the upper left corner of the screen to allow for
more movement.
Tumbling Die
1 00 GOTO 500
110 PMODE 4, 1: PCLS
120 DRAW "BM10 10; R20D20L20U20"
130 PAINT (20,20), 1,1
140 Y=20 < Y set for next DRAW
150 FOR X=20 TO 160 STEP 20
160 SCREEN 1,0
170 PMODE 4,5: PCLS
180 X$=STR$ (X): Y$=STR$ (Y+4)
190 DRAW "BM" +X$+ +Y$+ "E14F14G14H 14"
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Label Generator and MORE! * VIDPRINT <prir»t vidtex screens).
The mini-data base -for home/business * DUAL (print to screen and printer).
SELECTIVE PRINTING; BATCH PRINTING * MERGE Cmerget basic programs?*
SEARCH: AUTO SAVE; TICKLER FILE; * CSAUEM (duplicates ML programs).
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PEACOCK ENT. PHEASANT RUN BOX 494 RDH3 CANASTOTA , NY. 13832 315-697-7147
Page 46
the RAINBOW
December, 1982
200 PAINT (X+10.Y), 1, 1,
210 SCREEN 1, 0
220 Y=Y+10 < move down
230 PMODE 4, 1: PCLS
240 X$=STR$(X+10): Y$=STR$(Y) <— move right
250 DRAW "BM" +X$+ =Y$= "R20D20L20U20"
260 PAINT (X=20, Y=10), 1,1
270 Y=Y+10 < move down again
280 NEXT X
290 GOTO 110
300 END
500 PCLEAR 8: CLEAR 50: GOTO 1 10
Adding More Realism
Everyone knows that objects do not fall through space in
a straight line as in the previous program. Consider our die
being propelled in a horizontal direction by some initial
force. Other forces will also act on the die. Gravity will tend
to pull the die downward. Friction from the atmosphere will
also effect the movement. We won't present a mathematical
analysis of the forces, but they act in the following general
way ■ -□ »
*7
air friction
initial force
s
of Figure 4. Once again, we'll have the die rotate as it moves
through space.
Figure 4 — Space Travel
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 240 250
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
120
130
140
150
160
170
180
190
O
□
O
□
o
n
gravity
The resulting path of the die is shown in the graphic sketch
NOVA- PINBALL
AN EXCITING NEW PINBALL SIMULATION FOR THE
COLOR COMPUTER' WITH ALL THE ACTION THAT S
MADE IT AN ALL TIME FAVORITE! $20
r
HIP
§ WAPS
^ FEATURES,
Arcade Action Graphics and Sound
4 Players
Live Action Fltppers
Action Bumpers and Thumpers
Double and Triple Bonus Scores
Extra Bonus Ball
Bail Kicker
f N
ALL
PROGRAMS
MACHINE
L ANGU AGE
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16k
mm
ROBOTS ARE INVADING EARTH IN
WAVE AFTER ADVANCING WAVE!
Your mission is to destroy all robots and save the Color Computer Machine Language
surviving humans. Watch for the missle firing BRAINS p o. Box 2S427
and the fatal touch of the HULKS! $18 Chicago. IL 60625
New Releases From
JARB
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C
SOFTWARE
HARDWARE
COMPUTER PRODUCTS
Battle the Powers
of Evil and Darkness
Requires 32K Ext.
and 1 Disk Drive
only $19. 95
Distributed by JARB, Inc.
A Graphics Assisted
Adventure Program
by
Jimmy Jones
COMING ATTRACTIONS
fall available by December 1982)
AUXKEY
(Auxiliary External Key Board Unit)
This full size, industrial grade key board unit is
P.C. Board mounted for trouble free operation
and years of use. Mounted in an attractive
aluminum case with a 19 key numeric pad, Aux-
Key comes with a long cable for remote location
placement of your 80C. Requires no soldering to
your computer, and only about 15 minutes for
installation. Does not affect normal operation
of your original key board.
Special Introductory Price $134,95
EDUCATIONAL
CCM#3
by
Charles Santee, Ed.D.
Using only one joystick, CCM#3 allows
total communication for special per-
sons. Contains many features and is
easy to use. Excellent for young
children. Also helps teach spelling and
sentence structure. Complete documen-
tation.
32KEXT $32.95
PEN-EARCADE
(Light Pen & Arcade System)
This unique system will allow the light pen (includ-
ed) to be used with supplied software for many
tasks normally requiring key board input. In educa-
tion, choose answers by just touching pen to correct
screen location. Can be easily interfaced to your
own programs. All instructions supplied. Also in-
cludes the JARB arcade target gun and target soft-
ware. Shoot targets from across the room. No
other unit like this is presently available from
anywhere else for the 80C or TDP-100 computers.
Special introductory price valid only through
December 31, 1982. Price will go up!!
Special Price $68.95
Also
Rocket Command
$14.95
and many others
JARB
I
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C
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1636 D Avenue - Suite C
National City CA 92050
(714) 474-6213
All JARB Programs
and Hardware are
totally compatible
with 80C and
the new
TDP-100 Computers.
Page 48
the RAINBOW
December, 1 982
We've made one major change in this program. The X, Y
coordinates for the DRAW statements are READ from
DATA statements.
SPACE TRAVEL
1 00 GOTO 350
110 FOR N+l TO 6
120 READ X$,Y$ < origin for odd positions
130 PMODE 4,1: PCLS
140 X+VAL (X$): Y+VAL (Y$) we need strings and
numbers
150 DRAW "BM" =X$= =Y$= "R14D14L14U14"
160 PAINT (X=7,Y=7), 1,1 ^smaller square
170 SCREEN 1,0
180 READ X$,Y$ 4 origin for even positions
190 PMODE 4,5: PCLS
200 X+VAL(X$): Y+VAL(Y$)
210 DRAW "BM" =X$= =Y$= "E10F10G10H 10"
220 PAINT (X=7, Y), 1,1
230 SCREEN 1,0
240 NEXT N
250 PMODE 4,1: PCLS ( one more position
260 DRAW "BM230,176; R14D14L14U14"
270 PAINT (237, 180), 1,1,
280 SCREEN 1,0
290 FOR W+l TO 200: NEXT W < wait a bit
300 RESTORE: GOTO 110^— restore data and repeat
310 END
320 DATA 10, 10, 28, 20, 50, 12, 68, 25
330 DATA 90, 18, 108, 30, 130, 30, 148, 50
340 DATA 170, 58, 188, 90, 210, 112, 228, 150
350 PCLEAR 8: CLEAR 50: GOTO 110
That's it for now. Coming Next Month — Using PUT and
GET.
Listing 1
100 GOTO 270
110 PMODE 4, l:PCLS
120 DRAW"BM30,50;U20R20D20L20"
130 PAINT (40, 40) , 1 , 1
140 FOR X=50 TO 220 STEP20
150 SCREEN 1,0
160 PMODE 4,5: PCLS
170 X*=STR*(X>
180 DRAW"BM"+X*+" , 50; H14E14F14G1
4"
190 PAINT (X, 40) , 1, 1
200 SCREEN 1,0
210 PMODE 4, l: PCLS
220 DRAW"BM"+X*+" , 50; U20R20D20L2
0"
230 PAINT (X+10, 40) , 1 , 1
240 NEXT X
250 GOTO 110
260 END
270 PCLEAR8: CLEAR 50: GOTO 110
Listing 2
100 GOTO 270
110 PMODE 4, l:PCLS
1 20 DRAW " BM30 , 50 ; U20R20D20L20 "
130 PAINT (40, 40) ,1,1
140 FOR X=50 TO 220 STEP20
150 SCREEN 1,0
160 PMODE 4,5: PCLS
170 X*=STR*(X>
1 80 DRAW " BM " +X*+ " , 50; H14E14F14G1
4"
190 PAINT (X, 40) ,1,1
200 SCREEN 1,0
210 PMODE 4,1: PCLS
220 DRAW " BM " + X * + " , 50 ; U20R20D20L2
0"
230 PAINT (X+10, 40) , 1, 1
240 NEXT X
250 GOTO 110
260 END
270 PCLEAR8: CLEAR 50: GOTO 110
Listing 3
100 GOTO 500
110 PMODE 4, l: PCLS
1 20 DRAW " BM 1 0 , 1 0 ; R20D20L20U20 11
130 PAINT (20, 20) ,1,1
140 Y=20
150 FOR X=20 TO 160 STEP 20
160 SCREEN 1,0
170 PMODE 4,5: PCLS
180 X*=STR*(X>: Y*=STR*(Y+4)
190 DRAW"BM"+X*+", "+Y*+"E14F14G1
4H14"
200 PAINT (X+10, Y) , 1 , 1
210 SCREEN 1,0
220 Y=Y+10
230 PMODE 4, l: PCLS
240 X*=STR*(X+10> : Y*=STR*(Y>
250 DRAW"BM"+X*+", "+Y*+"R20D20L2
0U20 M
260 PAINT (X+20, Y+10) , 1, 1
270 Y=Y+10
280 NEXT X
290 GOTO 110
300 END
500 PCLEAR 8: CLEAR 50: GOTO 110
December, 1982
the RAINBOW
Page 49
Software Review...
Inter galactic Force
Thrills "Dr. Doom"
f i *
"Dr. Doom" is what we call him around these parts. He's
one of those types who subscribes to Soldier of Fortune
Magazine, has a gun for every purpose and knows seventeen
ways to kill you before you can even call for help. We count
ourselves f ortunate that Dr. Doom is a f riend; we don't need
enemies of his caliber or guage.
When we were introduced to Intergalactic Force, a
graphics space battle game by C.J. Roslund, we thought
immediately of Dr. Doom, f or if you had to pilot an X- Wing
fighter ship into a channel, fending off Imperial fighters and
avoiding the Laser beam, all the while, as you maneuvered
to drop a photon bomb into the ventilation shaft opening on
the Death-Star, Dr. Doom is the man to do it. Now, Dr.
Doom isn't any video avenger of great renown, but he did
just purchase a TDP-100 home computer, and he does have
a long-standing taste for the kill. Besides, keeping Dr. Doom
indoors and occupied with Intergalactic Force would make
the streets safer for everyone else.
It takes about a minute to load Intergalactic Force. When
the title page appears, an organ music rendition of a very
familiar tune plays a few moments to whet your appetite. A
hint of a smile — or is it a grimace — crosses Dr. Doom's face
as we listen to the very well done musical prelude. Perhpas it
isn't a smile; it's hard to read someone's fact with only the
light of the video screen reflecting off his mirror sunglasses.
With a joystick in one hand, Dr. Doom strokes his salt-
and-pepper beard with the other — he's even taken off his
gloves by the time the screen action begins. Dr. Doom is
ready to deal video death!
Die! Die! Die! Die! Die! Die! And then, it's over. The
Force: 6, Dr. Doom: 0. The Merchant of Menace mutters
and then goes back into action. This time he draws blood
and is rewarded with a satisfying "Phhhulll" as he blows an
Imperial fighter to smithereens. But before he can lick his
chops, he's shot down twice in a row. Then, in a Kamikaze
attack, he succeeds in ramming the Imperial fighter and
demolishing both ships; the TV monitor audio produces a
sort of a fizzle which causes Dr. Doom to wrinkle his nose in
disgust; the fizzle sound is hardly the way to die with glory.
Pausing to light up a Lucky, Dr. Doom heads back to the
battle.
Intergalectic Force is in machine language, and the
graphics do give you the feeling of movement. Dr. Doom
complained that he couldn't "shoot up" at the Imperial
fighters and "lay some bombs" on the ventilation shaft all in
the same moment, but that shouldn't be much of a drawback
for most of us who'll be busy enough just staying out of the
way of the laser beam.
While Intergalectic Force keeps a running score, notes
how many ships you have left and has a bar-graph guage to
remind you how many photon bombs you have left (you can
fly off and reload when you're low), a feature that 1 found
added a nice touch was a constant background noise that
sounds like an engine room, sort of what you might expect
the sound of a space vehicle to be making as it zooms
through the void.
There are three levels of difficulty, and the going really
gets tough on Level III when the Imperial fighters not only
shoot faster at you, but deftly dodge your bursts of fire. We
found the action to be highly responsive to thejoystick — no
play in the steering as is sometimes encountered in graphics
games — and we found nothing really to criticize. While Dr.
Doom's personal endorsement is unprintable in a family
magazine such as the Rainbow, we noticed he was smiling at
us as he put our cassette into the thigh-level pocket of his
leathers and headed for his "hog." It's always a pleasure to
have Dr. Doom visit and leave smiling. No brokenfurniture
is an endorsement we've come to appreciate. In our view,
Intergalectic Force is with it.
(Anteco Software, 4220 Clay Avenue, Ft. Worth, TX
76117, $24.95.)
— Jim Reed
NEW SOFTWARE
forTRS 80 Model III
and the Color Computer
■ Church Contribution System
designed to simplify and facilitate the tedi-
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variety of reports. Maintains its own data-
files. Only$ 150
■ Data Base Manager
designedto helporganizeall yourdata and pro-
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■ Single Entry Ledger
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Write or phone for complete software price list.
I
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716/631-3011
Page 50
the RAINBOW
December, 1982
The Dragon's Byte
Pressed for Time? Paint a Dungeon!
By Bill Nolan
Rainbow Contributing Editor
( Mr. Nolan, an experienced Dungeonmaster in a popular fantasy role
playing game on a weekly basis, is the president of Prickly-Pear
Software.)
f
his month I will tell you how to usethe graphics ability
of the 80C to speed up the actual play of a fantasy game. One
facet common to all of these games is the exploration of
some ruin or underground dungeon complex by the players,
and a great deal of time is spent by the referee in describing
these rooms to the players as they enter them.
Even if the room is small and simple, it still takes times to
describe it properly. For example, suppose that the group of
players had been proceeding north up a corridor when the
corridor ended in a door. They succeed in entering the door,
and go north into a room. As referee you then have to say
"you have just entered a room which is 30 feet from east to
west, and 60 feet from north to south. The door by which
you entered is in the middle of the south wall, and seems to
be the only door in the room. "Even this simple description
will take a lot of time away from play when you multiply it
by the 50 or 100 rooms in the average dungeon, and that was
the most simple room possible to describe. It was a box with
only one door and nothing of special note inside. Besides,
how did the players know it was exactly 30' by 60'? Did they
get out a tape and measure it? I hate to give away
information which the players might not necessarily know.
In real life, if you walk into a room you can estimate the
size, but you won't know it exactly, and neither would your
fantasy characters. Since they are tryingto estimate by torch
or lantern light it will be even harder f or them. On the other
hand, you can't really say "you just entered a room, but I
can't tell you how big it is." And remember, that was a very
simple room!
What if you have a lot of complex rooms, like this next
one? "You have just entered a large room, via a door in the
south wall. The door you entered is about 10' from the west
wall. The west wall goes north for 60' and then turns to the
east. It goes east for 30', with a door in the middle of that
section, and then turns south. It goes south 10', and then east
again for 20', where it turns north. The wall goes north 40',
with a door right in the middle of that section, and then turns
east again. It goes east 50' with two doors in that section
equally spaced, and then turns south. After going south for
90', it turns back west and goes 80' to rejoin the door you
entered. There are three deep pools of water in this room,
each 30' in diameter, and they are located in the southwest,
southeast, and northeast sections of the room.
That took a while to describe, and you probably still don't
really know what that room looks like. I finally got tired of
wasting all this time and wrote a program, which you can
expand upon fairly easily. The program uses DRAW,
CIRCLE, and PAINT statements to make a map of the
room on the PMODE 3 screen. Then, all you have to do is
select the room by its number, and there it is, right on the
screen! Believe me, this will save you time, and you can save
even more if you make a good map of each of the rooms on
white paper and trace them to make a dungeon map. You
will really be amazed at how many different dungeons you
can make by reusing the same rooms in different ways.
I gave you a start with 19 rooms in the program below,
and you will be able to fit more in easily. With 1 6K, you can
have about 100 in memory, and a lot more with 32K. You
will find that 100 will be enough for literally thousands of
different dungeons. By the way, both of the rooms described
above are among the 19 I have given you.
Now, let's see how the program works. Line 5 defines f our
strings — U$, R$, D$, and L$. Each of these strings is the
DRAW statement for a standard dungeon door 10' wide,
and each is used when your DRAW line is moving in a
different direction — up, right, down, and left. Each replaces
a 10' section of wall. Thus, if you want to draw a 30' section
of north/ south wall starting from the bottom, and with a
door right in the middle, it would look like this:
"U10XU$;U10". When used in a DRAW statement, this
would draw up 10, exit to the up door string, which uses 10,
and then draw up 10 more. If you compare the DRAW
statements in the program below with the rooms they draw,
you will get the idea pretty quickly.
Line 6 clears the screen to blue, and asks you for a room
number. There are 19 rooms in the program I have given
you, so it asks for a number from 01 to 19. If you add more
rooms, you will have to change the "19" to the number of
rooms in your program. Line 7 gets a single character from
the keyboard using the INKEYS statement, and stores it in
K$. Line 8 gets another character from the keyboard and
stores it in KK$. The second part of line 8 then
concantenates K$ and KK$. Remember, if we have two
NUMBERS, 1 and 2, and we add them together, we will get
a NUMBER 3. However, if we have two STRINGS, 1 and 2,
and we concantenate them, we will get a STRING "12".
Both operations use the plus sign.
Line 9 uses the VAL function to turn the STRING K$ into
a NUMBER, K. It then goes on to check the number to
make sure it is a number from 1 to 19 (because that's how
many rooms there are). If it finds that K is less than 1 or
greater than 19, it sends the program back to line 6 to get
different characters. If you key in letters instead of numbers,
the VAL function will return a 0. If the number K is f ound to
be in the correct range, line 9 then does a GOSUB to line 1 2,
where the PMODE 3 screen is set up and cleared. When this
RETURNs, the program goes on to line 10, which uses the
ON GOSUB statement to send the computer to the line
indicated by the room you have selected. When it gets to the
room line, it DRAWs and PAINTs the room and then goes
to 13, which makes it wait until you press any key (except
BREAK). When you press a key, the computer does a
RETURN. Remember, we did a GOSUB from line 10, so
that's where it returns. At the end of line 10 is a GOTO 6,
which sends it back to line 6 to start over again.
If you add additional rooms, you will have to change the
1 9 in line 6, which I mentioned above. You will also have to
change the 19 in line 9, and add additional line numbers to
line 10. If you run out of space on line 10, (about 50 rooms)
you will have to put the additional numbers (and another
GOTO 6) on a new line, number 1 1 . You will also have to put
some logic at the end of line 9 to test K. Suppose you have 50
line numbers on line 10. At the end of line 9 you would insert
:IF K is greater than 50 THEN K=K-50:GOTO 11. If you
have more or fewer than 50 line numbers in line 10 you
would have to substitute the actual number for the number
V
MACRO-BOC
The Micro Works is pleased to announce the release of
its disk-based editor, macro assembler and monitor, writ-
ten for Color Computer by Andy Phelps. THIS IS IT — The
ultimate programming tool!
The powerful 2-pass macro assembler features conditional
assembly, local labels, include files and cross referenced symboi
tables. Macro-80c supports the complete Motorola 6809 instruction set in
standard source format. There are no changes, constraints or shortcuts in
the source language definition. Incorporating all of the features of our
Rompack-based assembler (SDS80C), Macro-80c contains many more
useful instructions and pseudo-ops which aid the programmer and adc*
power and flexibility
The screen-oriented text editor is designed for efficient and easy editing of
assembly language programs. The "Help Key" feature makes it simple
and fun to learn to use the editor. As the editor requires no line numbers,
you can use the arrow keys to position the cursor anywhere in the file.
Macro-80c allows global changes and moving/copying blocks of text. You
can edit lines of assembly source which are longer than 32 characters.
DCBUG is a machine language monitor which allows examining and
altering of memory, setting break points, etc.
The editor, assembler and monitor — as well as sample programs —
come on one Radio Shack compatible disk. Extensive documentation
included. Macro-80c Price: $99.95
YOU NEED
COLOR FORTH!!
Why?
•Forth is faster to program in than Basic
•Forth is easier to learn than Assembly Language
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Forth is a highly interactive language like Basic, with
structure like Pascal and execution speed close to
that of Assembly Language. The Micro Works Color
Forth is a Rompack containing everything you need to
run Forth on your Color Computer.
Color Forth consists of the standard FORTH Interest
Group (FIG) implementation of the language plus
most of F0RTH-79. It has a super screen editor with
split screen display. Mass storage is on cassette.
Color Forth also contains a decompiler and other aids
for learning the inner workings of this fascinating lan-
guage. It will run on 4K, 16K, and 32K computers.
Color Forth contains 10K of ROM, leaving your RAM
for your programs! There are simple words to
effectively use the Hi-Res Color Computer graphics,
joysticks, and sound. The 112-page manual includes
a glossary of the system-specific words, a full
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COLOR FORTH ... THE BEST! From the leader in
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The Micro Works Software Development System (SDS80C) is a complete 6809 editor, assembler and
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all three programs, editor, assembler and monitor are co-resident, we eliminate tedious program loading
when going back and forth from editing to assembly and debugging 1
The powerful screen-oriented Editor features finds, changes, moves, copys and much more. All keys have
convenient auto repeat (typamatic). and since no line numbers are required, the full width of the screen
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The Assembler features all of the following: complete 6809 instruction set; conditional assembly: local
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The versatile monitor is tailored for debugging programs generated by the Assembler and Editor. It
features examine/change of memory or registers, cassette load and save, breakpoints and more. SDS80C
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Nowyoucan useyour printer with your modem 1 Your computercan be as s
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Microtext can be used with any printer or no printer at all. It features user-
configurable duplex/parity for special applications, and can send any ASCII
character You II find many usesfor this general purpose module 1 Microtext
is available in PJMPACK. ready-to-use. for $59.95.
PARALLEL PRINTER INTERFACE — Serial lo parallel converter allows useaf all
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GOOD STUFF!
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Page 52
the RAINBOW
December, 1 982
50 in both places in the example above. Line 1 1 would be just
like line 10 except for the line numbers following the ON K
GOSUB.
The SOUND statements in lines 7, 8, and 13 are there to
give you a key beep, so you will know f or sure when you have
pressed a key. Because of the method used to get the
numbers, room numbers lower than 10 will have to be put in
with a 0 in front of them (03, 06, 04, etc.).
When you use this program, your players will not have to
be told room sizes. They willbeableto estimate, just like real
life, because the rooms are to scale, and the doors are known
to take up 10' of wall space. This way, there is no need to give
away information. If the players want to know exactly how
large a room really is, let them buy a measure and take the
time to use it! By the way, because the pixels on the color
computer screen are not exactly square, a square room will
appear on the screen to be slightly higher than wide. If that
causes any estimating problems, attribute it to the poor
light.
Well, that about covers this program. If you have any
questions, write to me at Prickly-Pear Software, and
meanwhile, I want to wish all of you a very wonderful and
safe holiday season. May all your Dragons have a bow on
them!
The listing:
5 U*="L1U10R3D10L2BU10" : R*="U1R1
0D3L 1 0U2BR 10": D*= "L1D1 0R3U 1 0L2BD
10": L*= " D2L 1 0U3R 1 0D 1 BL 1 0 "
6 CLS3: PRINT<§98, "KEY THE DESIRED
ROOM NUMBER " ; : PR I NT© 1 30 , " ( FROM
'01' TO ' 19' >"; :PRINT@194, "PRICK
LY-PEAR SOFTWARE " ; : K*= I NKEY*
7 K*=INKEY*:IF K*="" THEN G0T07
ELSE SOUND 150, 1
8 KK*=INKEY$: IF KK*="" THEN GOTO
8 ELSE K*=K*+KK*I SOUND 1 50, 1
9 K=VAL(K*):IF K<1 OR K>19 THEN
6 ELSE GOSUB 12
10 ON K G0SUB14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19,2
0, 21 , 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30,
32,33:G0T06
12 PM0DE3, UPCLS: SCREEN 1,0: COLOR
6, 5: RETURN
13 K*=INKEY*:IF K*="" THEN 13 ELS
E SOUND 1 50, l: RETURN
14 DRAW " BM 1 28 , 96U60R30D60L 1 0 X L* ;
L10" : PAINT ( 130, 90) , 7, 6: G0T013
1 5 DRAW " BM 1 28 , 96U 1 5XU* ; U 1 5R30D40
L30" : PAINT (130, 90) , 7, 6: G0T013
1 6 DRAW " BM60 , 1 20U2 1 NR 1 0C8U2R 1 0D3
C6R10NR20U50R60D50L20D20L60" : CIR
CLE (95, 67) ,8:CIRCLE(125,87) ,8: PA
INT (62, 118) ,8, 6: PAINT (95, 67) ,7,6
: PAINT (125, 87) ,7,6:G0T013
1 7 DRAW " BM60 , 1 00U90R30XR* ; XR* ; R7
0D90L120" : CIRCLE ( 130, 60) , 35: PAIN
T (62, 98) ,8, 6: PAINT (130, 60) ,7,6: G
0T013
18 DRAW"BM128, 96D10L10NU10L4NU10
L4NU 1 0L4NU 1 0L4NU 1 0L4U 1 0NR20U 1 0R 1
0U20XR* ; D20BL 1 0XR* ; R 1 0D 1 0XL* ; " : G
0T013
1 9 DRAW 1 1 BM60 , 1 00U 1 0NU30R 1 0U30L 1 0
U 1 0R40ND50R5ND50R5ND50R5ND50R5ND
50R5ND50R5ND50R 1 20D20XD* ; D20L55X
L*; L25XL*; XL*; L80" : PAINT (62, 98) ,
7, 6: PAINT (62, 80) , 8, 6 : PAINT ( 160, 6
2) ,7,6:G0T013
20 DRAW " BM 1 28 , 96U20XU* ; U20R50D50
L20XL*; L20" : PAINT ( 130, 90) , 8, 6: GO
T013
2 1 DRAW " BM60 , 1 40U 1 0X U* ; U 1 0R50U60
R80D10XD*; D10L50D60L80" : PAINT (65
, 135) ,7,6:G0T013
22 DRAW " BM 1 28 , 96U70R25 XR* ; R25D70
L25XL*; L25" : PAINT ( 130, 90) , 7, 6: GO
T013
23 DRAW "BM 130, 120U25XU*; XU*; U25G
36F35": PAINT (128, 116) ,8,6:G0T013
24 DRAW " BM 1 28 , 96U 10XU$; U10R1 0XR*
;R10D10XD*;D10L10XL*;L10": paint (
135,92) ,7,6: G0T013
25 DRAW"BM128, 96U20XU*; U20R10XR*
; R10XR*; R10D39XD*; XD*; D40L80XL*;
L 1 0U60R 10XR$; R10D1 0R20 " : C I RCLE ( 1
53, 121) , 15: CIRCLE (153, 71 ) , 15: CIR
CLE (103, 121) , 15: PAINT (135, 90) ,8,
6: PAINT (153, 121 ) , 7, 6 : PAINT ( 153, 7
1) ,7, 6: PAINT (103, 121) ,7,6:G0T013
26 CIRCLE (128, 96) ,30: DRAW"BM123,
125XR*; ": PAINT (128, 96) ,7,6: GOTOl
3
27 CIRCLE (128,96) ,25: CIRCLE (128, •
96) ,50:DRAW"BM123, 145XR*; ": PAINT
(128,96) ,7, 6: PAINT (128, 140) ,8,6:
GOTO 13
28 DRAW " BM80 , 1 1 0U 1 0XU* ; U 1 0E30R 1 0
XR*; R10F30D10XD*; D10G30L10XL*; LI
0H30 " : P A I NT ( 1 28 , 96 ) , 7 , 6 : GOTO 1 3
29 DRAW " BM 1 28 , 1 40H30U 1 0XU* ; U 1 0E3
0F30D 1 0XD* ; D 1 0G30 " : PA I NT ( 1 28 , 96 )
,8,6:G0T013
30 DRAW"BM50, 1 80U20NR 1 60U20NR 1 60
U20NR 1 60U20NR 1 60U20NR 1 60U20NR 160
U20NR 1 60U20R20ND 1 60R20ND 1 60R20ND
1 60R 1 0 XR* ; ND160XR*; Rl 0ND 1 60R20ND
1 60R20ND 1 60R20D 1 60L70XL* ; X L* ; L70
":FOR X=60TO180STEP40:FOR Y=30TO
150STEP40: PAINT (X,Y) ,8, 6: NEXT Y:
NEXT X
31 FOR X=80TO200STEP40:FOR Y=50T
O170STEP40: PAINT (X, Y) ,8, 6: NEXT Y
:next x:for x=60TO180STEP40:fory
=50TO 1 70STEP40 :PAINT(X,Y),7,6:NE
xt y:next x:for x=80TO200STEP40:
FOR Y=30TO150STEP40: PAINT (X,Y) ,7
,6:next y:next x:gotoi3
32 DRAW"BM70, 120E40R60F40L60XL*;
XL*; L60" : PAINT ( 128, 96) , 8, 6: GOTOl
3
33 CIRCLE (128, 96) , 70, 6, . 5: DRAW"B
M123,60XR*; ": PAINT (128, 96) ,7,6:G
0T013 ^
December, 1982
the RAINBOW
Page 53
Software Review...
Fine Graphs Are Easy
With The Graph Zapper
We suppose the biggest disappointment with the VisiCalc
program is its total inability to do graphs, except by the most
simple means — using asterisks in a line. Yet, graphs can
depict trends like almost nothing else.
But, darn it, constructing graphs freehand on CoCo (or
any other computer graphic screen) are difficult. You need
to position levels, label lines, figure out the hatch marks and
so on and that takes a lot of time and trouble. When, we
asked, will someone come up with a good general-purpose
graph program.
Well, someone has. Graph Zapper has a whole lot of
options and the like, but the bottom line is that it will create
fine, nay, excellent graphs easily and quickly. You have the
advantage of concentrating on the data you are inputting
into the graph rather than on drawing the graph itself.
This program allows you to either plot points or connect
them (and with different kinds of lines, too), to title the
graph, to label the two axes and to decide how many "hatch
marks" should be on each axis. In addition, you can
determine whether you wish the graph to be just plain (as
most are), whether you wish to have dots at the intersecting
points of the hatchmarks or whether you want a whole grid.
These latter options can be turned off and on quickly. And,
with a screen print program (not supplied with this
package), you can print your graphs out on paper.
Graph Zapper allows you to load graphs from tape or
disk, or to load graph formats and then simply change the
data. And, most powerful of all, it allows you to input data
to the graph in either of two ways.
Using method one, you just simply load in the data you
wish to have at any given point. This is pretty simple
(although an editing feature is provided to change any or all
elements as you wish). This is excellent for those quick-and-
dirty graphs you want to see. You can have a sophisticated
looking graph in a couple of minutes.
Method two uses equations. Excellent f or generating data
from a set of given circumstances. Say, for instance, you
wanted to show what sort of dollar volume you might expect
from a business that would grow at the rate of 10 percent a
month over a year's period. That is a simple equation to
write, and you can use it to generate a series of points on a
graph with no trouble at all.
Graph Zapper is one of the most completely documented
pieces of software we have seen. The tape version has 19
pages — the disk version two more.
The primary difference between the cassette ( 1 6K) version
and the disk (32K) is the use of a menu to load previously-
created disk graphs. The 32K version will work with cassette
and provides, obviously, more space to store data points.
Graph Zapper is an outstanding utility and can be a major
tool in statistical, business and other uses where graphic
representation of numbers is desirable.
(Southern Software Systems, 485 Tropical Trail-Suite
109, Merritt Island, FL 32952, $15.95 for 16K tape,
$19.95 for 32K disk plus $1 s/h)
Hint
Painting Must Be Accurate
When you issue a PAINT command, be sure that you set
the point at which the PAINTing is to begin within the area
that is to be P AINTed. If you set the position on a line which
encloses the area, the PAINT will not work.
Also, when using PAINT, be sure that your area is fully
enclosed, or the PAINT will leak out and cover the entire
screen.
TRS-80* COLOR COMPUTER*
-16K Extended Basic, Menu-Driven, Wei I- Documented, Easily-Modified.
-For either cassette or diskette systems (Be sure to specify).
-Place an order of at least $40 and get one extra of your choice free.
-Orders shipped on cassette - Add $5 for shipment on diskette.
FURST- niihBcw
Date Element Dictionary driven File Update and
Retrieval SysTem. Create and maintain files according
to your specifications. Ideas for applications in-
cluded $25
-MAILING LABELS-
Generate and maintain mailing label records. Selective-
ly print desired quantities. Can keep several label files if
desired. Designed for Printer VII, easily modified. $20
-REPORT WRITER-
Used in conjunction with FURST to selectively format
reports on your printer. Includes headings and total
capabilities $15
-EXERCISE PLANNER- ™«™
Build and maintain complete exercise schedule for
regular and/or weight programs. Display guides you
through daily-calculated routines. Print complete
schedule if desired $15
>tf I- J • m.
-DISK DIRECTORY PRINT
For diskette users only. Get hard copy of disk directories on your printer for easy use and reference. Only $5
Send check or money order to:
LAND SYSTEMS
P.O. Box 232
Bellbrook, Ohio 45305
*TRS-80 and COLOR COMPUTER
are Trademarks of Tandy Corp.
Page 54
the RAINBOW
December, 1982
Memory Exam:
Where Does it Start?
By Lester Hands
MEM EXAM is a machine language
program that helps you rapidly examine
memory and determine the address of items of
interest. For example, if you have a disk
system, the graphics pages are allocated
dynamically. After running a special high-res
design program that took several hours to
create, you decide to save the screen as a
machine code file. The only problem is, where
does the display page start? With this
program, that is a simple question to answer.
If you have an editor-assembler, use listing
1 to enter the program. Note that it is written
in position-independent code. For this reason
it may be placed at any location in memory.
Line 360 should be changed to "RTS" if you
wish to access this program from Basic. The
entry point is at "START."
Listing 2 allows you to enter the program
via a Basic program. First, CLEAR 100, 3805
for a 4K system, or CLEAR100, 16093 for
1 6K. Enter the program. After running it, you
will get an out of data error message. Ignore
this and type "EXEC" followed by the
starting address: 3805 for 4K, or 16093 for
16K systems.
Upon entry, the program will display the
title "MEM EXAM/PRESS ANY KEY."
After a key is pressed, this screen will
immediately display $600-$800 in the alpha-
numerics mode. What the program does is to
transfer that block of memory to the standard
display page at $400-$600. Pressing the up or
down arrow keys decrements or increments th
display page. When you see the data that you
want to determine the address of, press either
the right or left arrow key. A blinking cursor
will appear, which can be manipulated in any
direction with the arrow keys. When the
cursor is over the byte you want, press the
"break" key and the address of that byte will
appear at the bottom of the screen in a hex
f ormat. Press any key now, and the screen will
readjust so that the marked byte is now at the
left upper corner. You are back in the page
mode, where the up and down arrow keys can
be used. If the "break" key is pressed in this
mode, the program will return you to Basic
(or your monitor if line 360 of listing 1 is
"SW1").
The comments of listing 1 should help you
understand how the program works.
Probably the most interesting part is the hex-
to-ASCH conversion routine starting at line
810.
Happy sleuthing!
List/ ng
1/
r
y
\J
\J
\j
\J
i
■4
OOIOO
00110
00120
00130
00140
00160
00170
001 BO
00190
00200
00210
00220
00230
00240
00250
00260
00270
002B0
00290
00300
00310
00320
00330
00340
00350
00360
00370
00380
00390
00400
00410
00420
00430
00440
00450
00460
OO470
004B0
00490
00500
00510
00520
00530
00540
00550
00560
00570
005B0
00590
00600
00610
00620
00630
00640
00650
00660
00670
006B0
00690
* ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE LISTING
* OF M MEM EXAM"
♦THIS PROGRAM ALLOWS YOU TO EXAMINE MEMORY BY DISPLAYING
* IT PAGE BY PAGE; A CURSOR MAY BE MANIPULATED AND THEN THE
« ADDRESS OF THE CURSOR DETERMINED.
START
PR I NTT
WAIT
BEGDIS
DISPLA
DISPL1
CMND
DECPAG
I NCPAG
CURSON
MOVCUR
MOVCR1
LEFT
RIGHT
UP
00700
00710
00720
00730
00740 DOWN
00750
00760
00770
007B0
00790
00800
LEAX TITLE, PCR
BSR PRINTT
BRA BEGDIS
LDA ,X+
BEQ WAIT
JSR C*OA0023
BRA PRINTT
JSR C*0A0003
TSTA
BEQ WAIT
RTS
LDX **600
LDU **400
LDD , X++
STD ,U++
CMPU #*5FE
BLE DISPL1
BSR WAIT
CMPA #3
BNE DECPAG
SWI
CMPA **5E
BNE I NCPAG
LEAX *FCOO,X
BRA DISPLA
CMPA **0A
BNE CURSON
BRA DISPLA
CMPA #B
BEQ MOV/CUR
CMPA #9
BNE CMND
LDU **510
LBSR CURSOR
JSR C*0A0003
TSTA
BEQ MOVCR1
CMPA #B
BNE RIGHT
LEAU -1,U
CMPU #*400
BGE MOVCR1
LDU **400
BRA H0VCR1
CMPA #9
BNE UP
LEAU 1,U
CMPU #»5FF
BLE MOVCR1
LDU #*5FF
BRA M0VCR1
CMPA **5E
BNE DOWN
LEAU »FFE0,U
CMPU #*400
BGE H0VCR1
LEAU *20,U
BRA M0VCR1
CMPA **0A
BNE BREAK
LEAU •20,U
CMPU #*5FF
BLE MOVCR1
LEAU *FFEO t U
BRA MOV/CRl
LOAD X WITH THE TITLE LINE ADDRESS
LINE FINISHED IF DATUM-0
OUTPUT CHARACTER TO SCREEN
WAIT UNTIL A KEY IS PRESSED
X IS THE MEMORY POINTER
U IS THE DISPLAY PAGE POINTER
DISPLAY A PAGE OF MEMORY
COMMAND MODE:
BREAK?
GET COMMAND CODE
RETURN TO BASIC
UP?
DECREMENT X BY 400
DOWN?
LEFT?
RIGHT?
U BECOMES THE CURSOR POINTER
BLINK CURSOR UNTIL KEY PRESSED
MOVE CURSOR TO THE LEFT
CURSOR OFF PAGE; PUT BACK ON
MOVE CURSOR RIGHT
CURSOR OFF THE PAGE; PUT BACK ON
MOVE CURSOR UP
CURSOR OFF PAGE; PUT BACK ON
MOVE CURSOR DOWM
CURSOR OFF PAGE; PUT BACK ON
December, 1982
the RAINBOW
Page 55
WO X \J
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ftl 1 1ft
VX A 1 V
ADPA itAD
ftl 15ft
w X X^ w
DAA
Ol 130
UOn L fvnwXJ
Ol 140
RTS
01150
RESTAR
CMPA #*3F
01 160
LBNE MO VCR 1
01 170
1 BRA START
O 1 ISO
CURSOR
PSHS X
01190
LDA . U
01200
PSHS A
¥ ej&w w^J Ww
01210
01220
STA U
Ol 2TO
1 DY IMAftft
l_L/ A WVtW
i-\ « <5*a
DAI ICC
1 CAV _ 1 V
LbHX ~" 1 t A
01250
BNE PAUSE
01260
PULS A
01270
STA ,U
012B0
LDX #*300
01290
PAUS1
LEAX -1,X
01300
BNE PAUS1
01310
PULS X
01320
RTS
BREAK: DISPLAY CURSOR ADDRESS
RESET X TO START OF CURRENT DISPLAY PAGE.
INCREMENT X BY U SO THAT
X POINTS TO THE CURSOR POSITION
LINE RETURN
SAVE X AT
PRINT THE
*0
MSB
OF FIRST BYTE
PRINT LSB OF FIRST BYTE
PRINT MSB OF 2ND BYTE
PRINT LSB OF 2ND BYTE
CONVERT HEX NUMBER IN A TO ASCII
PRINT ASCII NUMBER
KEY-?
DISPLAY CURSOR
ERASE CURSOR
HO
So
bo
10
8°
10 DATA 48,
2, 18, 166,
, 160, 2
20
141, 1, 1, 141, 2, 3
128, 39, 6, 173, 159
PD& 20 DATA 32, 246, 173, 159, 160,
ree/vens***/ **■ 249 ' 57 ' 142 ' 6 ' 0 ' 2
TC& $oP 30* DATA 236, 129, 237, 193, 17,
/flR£5S4f)*l0]f/ 131 , 5, 254, 47, 246, 141, 230,
pes O
evp ST*ZT
94, 38, 6, 48,
226, 129, 10, 3
8,
3,
39,
16,
4, 129,
23, 0,
0, 77, 39, 246
51, 95, 17, 13
206, 4,
13, 51,
0, 32,
65, 17,
217, 206, 5, 25
94, 38, 14, 51,
129, 3, 38, 1
40 DATA 57, 129,
137, 252, 0, 32,
8, 2, 32
50 DATA 220, 129,
9, 38, 225, 206,
151, 173
60 DATA 159, 160,
, 129, 8, 38, 13,
1, 4, 0
70 DATA 44, 234,
229, 129, 9, 38,
131, 5
80 DATA 255, 47,
5, 32, 212, 129,
200, 224, 17
90 DATA 131, 4, 0,
200, 32, 32, 194,
4, 51, 200
100 DATA 32, 17, 131,
, 181, 51, 200, 224,
9, 3, 38, 61
110 DATA 48, 137, 250, 0, 31,
, 48, 139, 134, 13, 173, 159,
0, 2, 159, 0
120 DATA 150, 0, 68, 68, 68, 68,
141, 26, 150, 0, 132, 15, 141,
20, 150, 1
130 DATA 68, 68, 68, 68, 141, 12
. 150. 1. 132. 15. 141. 6. 23. 2
44,
129,
199, 51,
10, 38, 1
3,
32,
255,
176,
47
12
48
16
r, 67, 22
140 DATA 255, 75, 139, 144, 25,
137, 64, 25, 173, 159, 160, 2, 5
7, 129, 63, 16
150 DATA 38, 255, 105, 22, 255,
26, 52, 16, 166, 196, 52, 2, 136
, 255, 167, 196
160 DATA 142, 4, 0, 48, 31, 38,
252, 53, 2, 167, 196, 142, 3, 0,
48, 31
170 DATA 38, 252, 53, 16, 57, 13
, 13, 77, 69, 77, 32, 69, 88, 65
, 77, 13
180 DATA 80, 82, 69, 83, 83, 32,
65, 78, 89, 32, 75, 69, 89, 0
200 INPUT" STARTING ADDRESS" I A
210 READ D
220 POKE A+AA, D
230 AA-AA+1
240 80T0 210
Free Shipping UPS Ground
Ejjy a disk drive for
four COCO thats betteif
^nd saves you money!!
AND0N DISK DRIVES
TM10O1 Single Sided $199.
TM 100-2 Double Sided $299.
Case S Power Supply $49.95
2 Drive Cable $24.95
Serial Printers
all prices Include a terlel Interface for your Color Computer
C. Itoh Prowriter $6 19.
Epson Mx80 $599.
Epson MxSOF/T $659.
Okidata 82 $459.
/erbatim SS/DD Diskettes $25.95box
set of8 4116 t s $14.95
Hays Stack Smart Modem $239.
Kraft Joy Stick $49.95
If
Model III 48K 2 Drives $ 1695.
e Service What We Sel
COMPUKIT
1-800-231-6671
P.O. BOX 306 Kemah Texas 77565
visit our show room at 16206D
kory Knoll Houston, Texas
Page 56
the RAINBOW
December, 1 982
Education Notes...
Sustain
Children's Interest
By Expanding
Relevance
By Steve Blyn
Rainbow Contributing Editor
( Mr. Blyn, who teaches both exceptional and gifted children, holds
two Master's degrees in the field of education and has won an award
for the design of a computer program to aid handicapped children.
He and his wife, Cheryl, own Computer Island.)
There will most likely come a time in most childrens'
experiences when they look at their home or classroom
computer and finally say "what can I do with it besides play
games or learning programs?
This can be either a bad or a wonderful time for the child
and the adult to whom this question is addressed. Too often,
children's initial interest in computers is soon lost because
they do not see its relevance to themselves. Games usually
can sustaininterestforalimitedamount of time. Bothadults
and children soon learn to expect the computer to begin to
do things for them. If the adult cannot motivate and show
the child some practical uses of the computer, then we run
the risk that the child's interest will want.
This would be the perfect opportunity to show how the
computer can do some meaningful work for the child. Every
kid has hobbies and collections. Children collect all sorts of
objects. Examples are rocks, stamps, bugs, coins, their tests,
their schoolwork, pictures, records and, of course, computer
tapes. Any of these can be organized by the child on any of
the CoCo computers. Catalogs, records of collections, or
happenings relevant to the child can be a way of interesting
him/ her in data processing. The child can learn to do simple
manipulations of the data to locate or categorize parts of the
whole list. This can be a fascinating learning experience for
anyone. Of course, the addition of output to a line printer
would greatly add to the excitement.
Although my sons pressured me to produce a baseball
card data program, I have chosen to keep the column in an
educational realm and will illustrate a book report's
program. This program would be suitable for an
individual's, or an entire class's, record of book reports. The
reports can be grouped by title, author and any other
additional categories. My students have always been
encouraged to rate the books that they have read. That way,
other children will know beforehand whether their peers
liked or disliked a particular book. The information input,
therefore, will be TITLE, AUTHOR, and RATING for
each book.
The three types of information will be contained on
DATA lines. Each book gets one DATA line including all
the information separated by commas. Line 60 tells the
computer the maximum number of books. Any value for X
greater than your total of items is suitable. Lines 80 to 110 let
the computer read all of the DATA lines and store them in
its memory before the program begins. You may have as
many DATA lines as you have items, beginning on line 560 .
Lines 120 to 160 prompt you to determine whether you
have to, or want to, use a printer. Hard copy of this type of
information is sure to impress youngsters.
The manner in which you want the inf ormation processed
and formatted is determined on lines 180 to 250. There are
three possible formats in this program, but you, of course,
may decide on more or less choices, depending on the type of
items you are categorizing.
I personally felt it important to contain each item's total
printout to the 32 character limitation of the Color
Computer. Some children cannot handle reading printouts
that break up onto two lines. Therefore, lines 300, 380, and
460 only permit printing of the first 17 characters of the title.
You may change this to suit your own program's needs.
Since printers permit 80 characters per line, no modification
of A$'s length was needed on lines 310, 390, and 470.
This program was meant to be the framework or guide to
simple data manipulation for children. Let the child select
his own objects to be used and his own categories for sorting.
This will provide a new avenue of use for computers for the
child. We, at Computer Island, are always interested in how
children make use of the various programs we write for
them. Please drop us a line from time to time and keep us
informed.
The Listing:
10 REM" STEVE BLYN"
20 REM" COMPUTER ISLAND"
30 REM "COLLECT"
40 CLS
50 REM" X IS ANY NUMBER GREATER
THAN THE TOTAL AMOUNT OF BOOKS"
60 X=50
70 DIM A*<X) ,B*<X) ,C*<X)
80 FOR T=l TO X
90 READ A*<T) ,B*<T) ,C*<T)
100 IF A*<T)="XXX" THEN 120
110 NEXT T
120 PR I NT "DO YOU HAVE A PRINTER"
; : INPUT P*
130 REM"***PL* WILL DETERMINE IF
YOU HAVE A PRINTER"
140 PL*=LEFT* <P*, 1 )
150 PRINT
160 IF PL*="Y" THEN PR I NT "BE SUR
E TO TURN ON YOUR PRINTER"
170 PRINT
180 PR I NT "CHOOSE HOW YOU WANT TO
SEE BOOKS"
190 PR I NT "YOU MAY- 1.
E BOOKS"
2.
SEE ALL TH
CHOOSE ANY
3. CHOOSE BY
ENTER 1 OR 2 OR 3"
200 PRINT"
AUTHOR "
210 PRINT"
ANY RATING"
220 PRINT"
; : INPUT A
230 IF A>3 THEN 220
240 IF A=2 THEN 340
250 IF A=3 THEN 420
260 CLS
270 GOSUB 510
280 FOR T= 1 TO X
290 IF A*<T)="XXX" THEN 490
300 PRINTTAB <0) LEFT* < A* <T) , 17) TA
B<18)LEFT*<B*<T) , 12) TAB <29)C* <T)
AARDVARK
TRS-80 COLOR
OSI
VIC-64 VIC-20
SINCLAIR
TIMEX
QUEST - A NEW IDEA IN ADVENTURE
GAMES! Different from all the others.
Quest is played on a computer generated
map of Alesia. Your job is to gather men
and supplies by combat, bargaining, explor-
ation of ruins and temples and outright
banditry. When your force is strong enough,
you attack the Citadel of Moorlock in a
life or death battle to the finish. Playable
in 2 to 5 hours, this one is different every
time. 16k TRS-80, TRS-80 Color, and Sin-
clair. 13K VIC-20. $14.95 each.
ADVENTURESS!
These Adventures are written in BASIC, are
full featured, fast action, full plotted ad-
ventures that take 30-50 hours to play. (Ad-
ventures are interactive fantasies. It's like
reading a book except that you are the main
character as you give the computer com-
mands like "Look in the Coffin" and
"Light the torch.")
Adventures require 16k on TRS80, TRS80
color, and Sinclair. They require 8k on OSI
and 13k on Vic-20. Derelict takes 12k on
OSI. $14.95 each.
ALSO FROM AARDVARK - This
TRS-80 Color and OSI), business
CATERPILLAR
O.K., the Caterpillar does look a lot like a
Centipede. We have spiders, falling fleas,
monsters traipsing across the screen, poison
mushrooms, and a lot of other familiar
stuff. COLOR 80 requires 16k and Joy-
sticks. This is Edson's best game to date.
$19.95 for TRS 80 COLOR.
PROGRAMMERS!
SEE YOUR PROGRAM IN THIS SPACE!!
Aardvark traditionally pays the highest com-
missions in the industry and gives programs
the widest possible coverage. Quality is the
keyword. If your program is good and you
want it presented by the best, send it to
Aardvark.
ESCAPE FROM MARS
(by Rodger Olsen )
This ADVENTURE takes place on the RED
PLANET. You'll have to explore a Martian
city and deal with possibly hostile aliens to
survive this one. A good first adventure.
PYRAMID (by Rodger Olsen)
This is our most challenging ADVENTURE.
It is a treasure hunt in a pyramid full of
problems. Exciting and tough!
HAUNTED HOUSE (by Bob Anderson)
It's a real adventure — with ghosts and ghouls
and goblins and treasures and problems —
but it is for kids. Designed for the 8 to 12
year old population and those who haven't
tried Adventure before and want to start
out real easy.
DERELICT
(by Rodger Olsen & Bob Anderson)
New winner in the toughest adventure from
Aardvark sweepstakes. This one takes place
on an alien ship that has been deserted for a
thousand years — and is still dangerous!
TUBE FRENZY
(by Dave Edson)
This is an almost indescribably fast action
arcade game. It has fast action, an all new
concept in play, simple rules, and 63 levels
of difficulty. All machine code, requires
Joysticks. Another great game by Dave
Edson. TRS 80 COLOR ONLY. 16k and
Joysticks required. $19.95.
CATCH'EM
(by Dave Edson)
One of our simplest, fastest, funnest, all
machine code arcade games. Raindrops and
an incredibe variety of other things come
falling down on your head. Use the Joy-
sticks to Catch'em. It's a BALL! - and a
flying saucer! — and a Flying Y!— and so
on. TRS 80 COLOR. $19.95. '
BASIC THAT ZOOOMMS!!
AT LAST AN AFFORDABLE COMPILER!
The compiler allows you to write your
programs in easy BASIC and then auto-
matically generates a machine code equiv-
alent that runs 50 to 150 times faster.
It does have some limitations. It takes at
least 8k of RAM to run the compiler and it
does only support a subset of BASIC—
about 20 commands including FOR, NEXT,
END,GOSUB, GOTO, IF, THEN, RETURN,
END, PRINT, STOP, USR (X), PEEK,
POKE, *,/,+,-, > , < , = , VARIABLE
NAMES A-Z, SUBSCRIPTED VARIABLES,
and INTEGER NUMBERS FORM 0-64K.
TINY COMPILER is written in BASIC. It
generates native, relocatable 6502 or 6809
code. It comes with a 20-page manual and
can be modified or augmented by the user.
$24.95 on tape or disk for OSI, TRS-80
Color, or VIC.
Please specify system on all orders
is only a partial list of what we carry. We have a lot of other games (particularly for the
programs, blank tapes and disks and hardware. Send $ 1 .00 for our complete catalog.
AARDVARK -80
2352 S. Commerce, Walled Lake, Ml 48088
(313) 669-3110
Phone Orders Accepted 8:00 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. EST. Mon.-Fri.
Super "Color" Writer ll_
A "ROLLS ROYCE" FOR YOUR COLOR COMPUTER rZnbow
CEKTJRCATION
SEAL
.C
If you are contemplating buying a word processor tor your TRS
Color Computer or TDP System 100 Personal Computer, look no further! !
The Super "Color" Mr Iter is the most powerful and most versatile word
processor available. This user- friendl y program gives you many times
the power and speed, and MORE MEMORY than any other word processor for
your computer. The Sa^er "Color" Mr Iter does it all!
No other program lets you fully use every capability built
into your printer, AND MITH EASE/ Emphasis, italics* double
strike, normal mode, compressed, elongated-compressed mode, and
££- &hiG>& T£J? £Mf*H&S Z Z El T? Z T Z C S are at
your fingertips, all within JUSTIFIED text. Underlining is a
breeze! All the parameters for proper page -formatting (margins,
page length, etc.) are fully alterable. Yet, without changing a
single thing you can print text perfectly the first time.
won't work with your letter quality printer. There's-^o reason
you can't give H 2 0 its proper name or have footnotes. As for
bold print f underlining . proportional spacing f super bold or any
other printer-controlled function - if your printer has it f the
filBfiX "fiolQX" Writer U can do it! You can also freely exchange
thimbles or daisy wheels to change to italics, or to a totally
different typeface with the pause print feature.
And the Sa^er "Color" Mr iter II has the exclusive WINDOW to make
your formatting pleasant and perfect. Enter the window to view your
whole text as it will be sent to the printer, whatever your margins,
from 1 to 200 or more! No longer will you be tied to seeing only 32 „
51, 64 or whatever number of characters on a line. You can see that
your text is centered, headers and footers are always properly placed,
and your columns are correct.
With the Super "Color" Mr iter II screen editing is a snap; the
commands are powerful and hard to forget „ You can edit all your BASIC
PROGRAMS TOO! With all these features, you must surely agree that
this is the "ROLLS ROYCE" of word processors. To learn more, refer to
the Nelson Software Systems ad in this magazine. And don ? t forget
that the Super "Color" Mr iter II is only one important part of the
Super "Color" Library 9 which includes the Super "Color" Terminal 9 the
Super "Color" Mailer, the Super "Color" Disk-ZAP and the soon to be
released Super "Color" Calc and Super "Color" Database. No other
company gives you such outstanding products and support. You can buy
theirs now and ours later, OR you can save your money and get the best
from the very start !
This document was prepared using a TRS-80(TM) Color Computer, the
Super "Color" Mriter II, an Epson MX-80 Braftrax Plus ( TM> , and an NEC
Spinwriter 3510 (TM> to illustrate the great flexibility in formatting
allowed by the Super "Color" Mriter II*
Spinwriter is a trademark of NEC Intonation Systeis, Inc. Braftrax Plus is a trademark of Epson Aierica, Inc
TRS-80 and TDP Systei 100 Personal Computer are trademarks of the Tandy Corporation.
THE ULTIMATE IN COLORCOMPUTING
For the TftS-80 Color Computer and TOP System TOO Personal Computer
Super "Color" Writer II g
By Tim Nation fe.ii
The Rolls Royce of Word Processors
The Super ''Color* Writer is a FAST, machine code, full featured,
character (screen) oriented word processing system for the TRS-60 1 "
Color Computer and ANY printer. The video diaplay is styled after a
professional phosphor (green characters on black background) display
for hours of use without eye fatigue (optional orange on black) , The
unique print WINDOW frees you from 32, 51 or 64 character lines
FOREVER! This window can be moved anywhere In the text file, up.
down, left or right to display the text as it will be printed without wasting
paper. You ct
BASIC prograi
for beginners 1
system and a
>r edit Super "Color" Terminal files. ASCII files.
sr/Assombler source listings, it s simple enough
id ♦ . . for the professional writer with a 32K disk
. there's plenty of room to say It!
COMPARISON CHART SUPER COLOR WRITER THE COMPETITION
System Size 4K 16K 32K 4K 16K 32 K
TAPE: Text space N/A 7K 23K N7A £K 1SK
ROMPAK: T<sx| space 2,&K 16K 31 K N/A N/A N/A
DISK: Tent apace N/A 5.SK 21.6K N/A 0 5K 1B.&K
Right Justify YES NO
Video Window YES NO
Edit any ASCII File YES NO
Programmable Function YES NO
The figures speak for themselves and with professional features like
PROGRAMMABLE function string commands to perform up to 28
commands automatically PROGRAMMABLE text file chaining*
PROGRAMMABLE column insert & delete, and right hand
JUSTIFICATION with punctuation precedence, the choice is clear but
there's still more! In their September 82 issue, "80 MICRO" says, "The
Color Computer has finally come of age. Nothing Illustrates that coming
of age better than this offering (SUPER "COLOR" WRITER) by Nelson
Software". The Super "Color" Writer takes full advantage of the new
breed of "smart printers" with Control codes 1-31, 20 Programmable
control codes 0-255 for special needs. Works perfectly with all Epson,
Radio Shack. Okidata, NEC. IDS, Centronics. Citoh, Smith Corona,
Diablo Etc , Matrix, or Letter Quality Printers.
CHECK THESE FEATURES!!
User friendly ■ Easy commands* 32 K Compatible • Window ■ Key beep •
HELP table • 128 character ASCII & graphics • Mem left and Mem used •
Full cursor control * Quick paging * Scrolling ■ Word wrap around • Tabs
* Repeat all functions ■ Repeat last command • Insert character & line ■
Delete character, delete to end of line, line to cursor, line & block • Block
move, copy 4 delete *Global Search, Exchange & Delate * Merge or
Append files • Imbed Control Codes in text » Underline * Superscripts *
Subscripts * Headers. Footers h 2 Auxiliary footnotes on odd, even or all
pages definable position • Flush right * N on -breakable space • A
centering modes: 5, 8.3, 10 & TS.7 {CPI) • Full page & print formatting In
text ■ Single sheet pause * Set Page length * Line length, Line specing.
Margins, Page numbers • Title pages * Printer baud: 1 10, 30D h 600, 1200,
2400 ■ Linefeeds after CR ■ Soft & hard formfeed • Works with 6 bit
printer fix ■ and morel
Super "Color" Writer II Disk
The Disk version of the Super "Color" Writer works with the TRS-80C
Disk System and has all the features listed above plus many more! Use
with up to four Disk Drives. Includes an extended HELP table you can
access at any time. Call a directory, print FREE space, Kill disk files and
SAVE and LOAD text files you've created all from the Super "Color"
Writer. Print, merge or append any Super "Color" Terminal file, ASCII
file. BASIC program or Editor/Assembler source listing stored on the
Disk or tape. The Super "Color" Writer Disk version has additional for-
matting and print features for more control over your printer and
PROGRAMMABLE chaining of disk files for "hands off operation. Print
an entire BOOK without ever touching a thingl Includes comprehensive
BO plus page Tutorial manual.
TAPE $49.95 ROMPAK $74.95 DISK $99.95
Tutorial only $15.00 (Refundable with purchase)
ORDERING INCLUDE $3.00 for shipping In the U.S. & Canada,
$6.00 for Foreign orders, C O,D. add $2.00.
THE COMPETITION
16K
N/A
NO
NO
NO
NO
32 K
1SK
N/A
18 5K
NELSON
SOFTWARE
SYSTEMS
A Division of Sof I
Super "Color" Terminal
By Dan Nelson
The Ultimate in Smart Terminals EBj
The Super "Color" Terminal turns the Color Computer into a Super-smart
terminal with all the features of VIDEOTEX™ plus much more,
COMMUNICATE with Dow Jones 4 Compuserve and with computers like
the TRS-BQ™ MODEL I, II, Ml. APFLE etc., via moden or RS-232 direct!
Save the data to tape or print It! Reduces ON-LINE cost to a minimum!
FEATURES
10 buffer size settings from 2-30 K • Buffer full indicator • Prints buffer
contents • Full 128 ASCII keyboard * Compatible with Super "Color"
Writer files * UPLOAD & DOWNLOAD ASCII files, Machine Language &
Basic programs • Set RS-232 parameters 'Duplex: Half/Full * Baud Rate:
110, 300, 600, 1200. 2400, 4800 • Word Lengths 5, 6> 7 or 8 • Parity: Odd,
Even or None * Stop Bits: 1-9 * Local linefeeds to screen * Tape save &
load for ASCII files. Machine code & Basic programs * Unique clone
feature for copying any tape.
Super "Color Terminal Disk
The disk version of the Super "Color* 1 Terminal works with the TRS-60C
Disk system and has all the features listed above plus many morel Use
with up to four Disk Drives • Call a directory, print FREE space, kill disk
files, save and load text files or BASIC programs * Echo ability In full
duplex * Lower case masking * 10 Keystroke Multiplier (MACRO) buffers
that can be saved on disk to perform repetitive log-on tasks and send
short messages (up to 250 characters each) • Programmable prompt or
delay for send next line * Selectable character trapping » Set printer
Baud rate to 110, 300. 600, 1200. & 2400 • Operators Manual
TAPE $39.95 ROMPAK $49.95 DISK $59.95
Operator! manual only $10,00 (Refundable with purchase)
gflW Super "Color" Mailer
Correspondence-Mailmerge
The Super 'Color" Mailer Is a powerful multi-purpose file merging
program that uses files created by the Super "Color" Writer IL One of
Super "Color" Mailer*! most popular uses is producing customized form
letters — at a fraction of the time and expense of individually typed
letters. With Super "Color Mailer you can combine a Super "Color" Writer
11 file cental ng a form letter with a file containing a list of names and
addresses. You can even insert special words and phrases — unique to
each addressee — Into the body of the letter. Other Super "Color" Mailer
uses include creating Invoices, printing mailing labels, addressing
envelopes, and producing "boiler plate" legal documents out of many
different paragraphs. Features include: the ability to selectively print
mailing lists by any of up to 10 user definable fields * automatically prints
current date • address * salutation • closing • P S etc. * prints any ASCII
file * justification.
TAPE $39.95 DISK $59.95
9072 Lyndale Avenue So. 612/681-2777
Minneapoli
>ta 55420 U. S A.
Super "Color" Disk-ZAP
* The Ultimate in Disk Repair Utilities
A must for ALL Color Computer Disk system owners, A high-speed
machine code Disk Utility that can copy sectors and tracks * repair
directory tracks and smashed disks, etc. Super "Color" Dlik-ZAF has a
special screen display that displays sector, track and memory contents in
HEXADECIMAL and ASCI I at the same time with double cursors that can
be moved In any direction. With Super "Color Dlik-ZAP you are able
to verify or modify disk sectors at wilt. You can even type right onto the
Disk! You can send sector contents to the printer or any other RS-232
device in either ASCII or HEXADECIMAL listing. Search the entire
Diskette for any ASCII or HEXADECIMAL string. Comes complete with
comprehensive manual.
DISK ONLY $69.95
c °oO** Su P er "Color Calc
s ° Electronic Spread Sheet
The finest electronic spread sheet and financial modeling program
available for the Color Computer — A sophisticated yet easy to use,
calculating and planning tool. Project figures into the future to answer
the "What if?" questions you face. Create files compatible with the
Super 'Color 11 Writer II. Combine spread sheet tables with your
documents to create ledgers, projections, statisiical & financial reports
& budgets.
AVAILABLE AT DEALERS EVERYWHERE. IF NOT, ASK WHYfl
TRS-M) li a regiitered trademark ol the Tandy Corp.
Page 60 the RAINBOW
310 IF PL*="Y"THEN PR I NT#-2 , TAB <
2)A*<T)TAB<30)B*<T)TAB<50)C*<T)
320 NEXT
330 GOTO 490
340 CLS: PR I NT "WHICH AUTHOR'S BOO
KS DO YOU WANT": INPUT H*
350 GOSUB 510
360 FOR T«l TO X
370 IF A*<T)="XXX" THEN 490
380 IF B*<T)=H* THEN PRINTTAB <0)
LEFT* <A$<T),17) TAB < 18) LEFT* <B* <
T),12) TAB<29)C*<T) ELSE 400
390 IF PL*="Y" THEN PRINT#-2,TAB
<2)A*<T)TAB<30)B*<T)TAB<50)C*<T)
400 NEXT T
410 GOTO 490
420 CLS: PR I NT "WHICH RATING DO YO
U WANT TO SEE": INPUT R*
430 GOSUB510
440 FOR T= 1 TO X
450 IF A*<T)="XXX" THEN 490
460 IF C*<T)=R* THEN PRINTTAB <0)
LEFT* < A* < T ) , 17)TAB<18)LEFT*<B*<T
) , 12)TAB<29)C*<T) ELSE 480
470 IF PL*="Y"THEN PR I NT#-2 , TAB < _
2)A*<T)TAB<30)B*<T)TAB<50)C*<T)
480 NEXT T
490 END
500 REM "THIS PART PRINTS HEADING
S"
510 PR I NT: PR I NTT AB<2) "NAME OF BO
December, 1 982
0K"TAB<18) " AUTHOR " TAB < 26) "RATING
■I
520 PRINT"
ii
<2) "
TAB <
540
560
570
B
590
L,A
600
610
620
C
630
640
A
660
IF PL*="Y" THEN PRINT#-2,TAB
NAME OF BOOK " TAB < 30) "AUTHOR"
50) "RATING":PRINT#-2, " "
RETURN
REM "ENTER YOUR DATA HERE"
DATA SHERLOCK HOLMES, DOYLE, B
DATA HAUNTED BRIDGE, KEENE, C
DATA HUCKLEBERRY FINN, TWAIN,
DATA ENCYCLOPEDIA BROWN, SOBO
DATA TOM SAWYER, TWAIN, A
DATA KEYSTONE KIDS, TUNIS, A
DATA THE FOOT BOOK, DR. SEUSS,
DATA IRON DUKE, TUNIS, B
DATA CAT IN THE HAT, DR. SEUSS
DATA BUNGALOW MYSTERY, KEENE,
DATA XXX, Y,Z ^
Look For
The
RAINBOW
CERTIFICATION
SEAL
All Color Softwar
i on t t
333 1 8
Are you tired of trying to control two joysticks at once? Would
you like to use FOUR paddles at once? Would you like to move your Joysticks?
printer? or tape recorder farther away from CoCo??? If you answered yes to
any of these questions? then ACS is for you!! We carry a line of quality
Joysticks? Paddles? and DIN cable extentions. These paddles and joysticks
offer fast? accurate readings? and hair trigger responce on the 'fire' buttonl
All our cables are pre-tested at our own location before they are sent to
you- And our products are made with the best materials possible to ensure
long life.
Now? for a limited time only? Double Helix II is at an all time low
prices only $10! ! ! Yes? that great Hi-Res game where you try to destroy
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Order before 12/31 and get a special bonus program FREE!!!
Price lists
Double Pot Joystick
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Single Pot Joysticks $20.00
All DIN extentions s $10.00
(Specify s Cass? Print ? Joy . All are
10 feet)
No shipping charges!
ORDER NOW f f !
December, 1982
Contest Update...
the RAINBOW
Rainbow's
Adventure
Contest Results
Next Month
Keep your fingers crossed.
The Rainbow Adventure Game Contest deadline for
entries has now passed . . . but the jury is still out. We can
report that the judges are still scratching their heads, jotting
down notes ana otherwise studiously reviewing tne games
we received.
Yes, we had promised to publish the results earlier, but we
simply underestimated the amount of time (and the number
of entries) it would take for judging. So, we will now
announce the winners — and the honorable mentions — in
next month's (January) issue.
It is taking a concentrated effort to meet the deadline. But,
we intend to fully and fairly review every entry and
January's issue is as early as we can realistically do that. And
a job it is too, a mixture of both fun and frustration.
The entries represent a wide variety of games. Some are
written for 4K but most for 16K or 32K. Knock on wood. A
couple have had loading problems. As of this writing, we are
trying again. If you think there might be trouble, you could
rush us another copy. Those of you who took the trouble to
make several saves were smart to do so.
While we have yet to see all the entries in action, we can
report that some are quite good and rank right along with
those commercially available. Others require some patience
and persistance on the part of the judges. Yes, some have
bugs.
If you submitted an entry, you should have long since
received an acknowledgement of our having received it.
Due to the support of our advertisers, winners, runners-
up and honorable mentions will all receive prizes. Stay
turned. The list will be printed next month.
Some comments about our judging philosophy might be
in order. We are looking at the entire package from the
consumer's point of view, not from the technical side. That
is, your programming technique may well add to the game's
creativity, responsiveness and entertainment value, but you
don't win any special points for "pretty printing," variety of
techniques used, or other technical mastery unless it's
evidenced in the actual running of your Adventure. We are
not reading the listing as a part of the judging excercise.
In judging, we also feel you should not have any special
computer knowledge in order to play and enjoy the game.
Your Adventure should be simple enough that most people
can play it without assistance from the household's
computer expert. For this reason, we have selected judges
with varying levels of computer expertise, including one
judge who has almost no knowledge of computers
whatsoever. We think this is an important consideration and
hope that our contestants were through enough to try their
games out on other people before sending them in.
Other considerations we are looking at are creative use of
Page 61
sound, colors, vocabulary, traps, surprises and variety in
action.
While Rainbow has provided the judges with a
standardized scoresheet and provided space for the judges to
make individual comments, we have asked the judges to
weigh heavily the"playability"and entertainment value — as
well as the game's "addictiveness." That is, we believe the
game should "grow" on people — not be played just once and
shelved.
The winning Adventure will be featured in next month's
Rainbow. So, everyone will benefit from this game. And,
remember, we will announce details for a Simulation
Contest next month as well.
Meanwhile, have patience. Remember, the judges are
dying a thousand deaths in an effort to meet their deadline.
FAMII — Y G^MB"S
Far IcK COLOR COMPUTER
* ^STOCKBROKER
Up to 6 f 1 <a y e- r s ca n p 1 a. y t h e
stmok market — hours of fun (
m *COLORM I IVJ O -a* *r *
Up to A players challenge for
hidden co}ors ~ hour- ot fun!
!. Game $20 >
2> Games $35 - 0$
Al_iRORA SOFTWARE
49 Er oo k 1 a n d Ave .
AURORA ONTARIO
CANADA L4G-4'H6
Page 62
Graphics...
the RAINBOW
December, 1982
On Printing Alphanumerics In Eight Directions
1 p •■-
www
By Joseph Kolar
Do you have a need to print alphanumeric
characters vertically on your Hi-Res graphic page?
Do you love to concatinate? Would you like to set
the A (angle mode) of the draw statement in
operation? Do you want it simple? Then this is for
You might want to review the draw statement i
the extended color manual.
For brevity,"*" will be used for concatination
(linking together in a series) in this article
hereinafter.
The purpose of this program is to allow you to
print alphanumeric characters in any of the eight
motion directions as used in the draw command. To
wit: U=UPWARDS, L=TO THE LEFT, R=TO
THE RIGHT, E=UP AND TO THE RIGHT,
F=DOWN AND TO THE RIGHT, G=DOWN
AND TO THE LEFT, H=UP AND TO THE
LEFT. D is not used since it is the default direction.
The draw command: Draw "AS8BMH,V" must
be used to locate the area where the first character
will be situated. A is the angle option (more on this
later). S8 is the size used in this program which
generates a 15 by 15 locating matrix. H means
horizontal, and V means vertical.
Sizes larger than S8 work well but allow less
lettering on the screen.
The alphanumeric variables are easy to
remember. The letter A=LA$, B=LB$, and so forth
through Z which=LZ$. The numerals run from
0=NO$, 1=N1$ through 9=N9$. P$ is the one
punctuation mark.
The seven directional variables are
U$=UPWARDS, L$=TO THE LEFT, R$=TO
THE RIGHT, E$=UPWARDS AND TO THE
RIGHT, F$=DOWNWARDS TO THE RIGHT,
G$ = LEFT AND DOWNWARDS, H$ =
UPWARDS AND TO THE LEFT. There is no
variable for a downward direction since it is the
def ault direction. Finally, S$=an empty space and is
used to separate words in any direction.
The program works in locating the starting
position on the screen via draw "AS8BMHY."
Then "+" the letter that will be in that position. If
you are heading vertically downwards merely "+"
each additional letter. However, if you change
direction "+" the desired directional variable and
then "+" the next character variable. Each time you
are in a direction other than vertical, you must
preface each character variable with a directional
variable.
There you have it! It shouldn't take you much
time to memorize the variables or the method of
tl A 1 !
Mi
Vn\\v\
keying. It is all +, +, +ing! The only time you would
use anything but a variable would be when you were
starting from a new location.
My purpose for this program is to append it to
another program, create with it, and then delete all
variable lines not used in the main program to
conserve memory, The program starts at line 10000
to avoid the need to renumber the program. There
are no dim statements or read/ data routines to
complicate the linking of this program to the
graphic program.
Remember as you that if your string runs
over 225 characters, you will get OS error message.
Simply chop off the last few variables and start
them on the next line in a draw statement.
The characters of the alphanumeric variables
were created sideways on a 4 by 4 matrix, A or A 1 is
inserted in the draw statement to rotate the
charact c rs 90 degrees clockwise to stand up. For the
heck of it, run the program examples without the A
option and you will get gift-wrapped garbage!
Key-in the program and run it. What you have on
the screen is the first example. This demonstrates
printing in four directions in a counter clockwise
direction with just one locating statement. Note
that as you go vertically you do not need directional
variables due to it being the default direction.
Merely "+" the character variables. To change
direction "+" the desired directional variable and
then "+" a character variable.
The rule is, "+" directional variable "+" character
variable, except when in the vertical downwards
mode where the rule is character variable.
change line 10585 to read draw G$+LJ$ and you
will have made a complete circle and put a J on top
of the first character that was printed in line 1 05 10.
To prove the point, change line 10585 to draw
G$+LX$ and you will superimpose an X over the
verticle J. Change line 10585 back to 10585 GOTO
10585.
You can easily visualize the "+ing" in the first
example by following each "+." Look at line 10560
and say to yourself, "GO UP PRINT O GO UP
PRINT J GO UP TO THE LEFT." Then line
10570, "PRINT R, GO LEFT PRINT A."
Delete line 1 0585. The second example will be "+"
to the first program. When I +, I +! This will give
you a nice idea of how effortlessly you can create
vertical lines of print. Note that there are no
directional variables required due to the default
mode. Just "+" one character after another and
separate the words with "+" S$.
Insert line 10645 GOTO 10800. This"+"thethird
December, 1982
the RAINBOW
Page
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example to the first example. This shows off
diagonal lettering. Note that when print is in an
upward or left direction, you have to work
backwards. To wit: "+" directional variable "+" last
letter of word "+" directional variable "+" next to
last letter in word, and so forth to the first letter in
the word.
Before you append this program, or when you
master the system, delete lines 10490 through 1 0900
and change line 10000 to read 10000 REM. After
you are finished with your creative effort, you may
want to delete the lines of any variables you did not
use, to conserve memory.
This is a very simple, easy to use appendable
program to create title pages or enhance your hi-res
graphics. Or, you can use it as a stand-alone
program. Surely, you creative programmers will
dream up other uses. So, have fun!
The Listing:
10000 DELETE LINES 10490-10
900BEFORE APPENDING THIS PRO- GR
AM!******SEE REM AT END******
10010 * LA* TO LZ* =ALPHABET
10020 ' N0* TO N9* =NUMERALS
10030 * P*= PUNCTUATION
10040 R*="BM-6,-8" 'CHANGE FROM
VERICAL TO HORIZ.
10050 L*="BM-6,+8" ' FROM VERT I C
AL TO HORIZ. LEFT
10060 U*="BM-12,0" 'CHANGE HOR.
TO VERT. (UPWARDS)
10070 S*="BM+6,+0"' EMPTY BLOCK
10080 F$= " BM+0 , -8 " ' VERT DOWN TO
HORIZ RIGHT
10090 E*="BM-12,-8' , 'H0RIZ RIGHT
TO VERT UP
10100 G*="BM+0,+8"'HORIZ LEFT TO
VERT DOWN
10110 H*="BM-12,+8"'VERT UP TO H
ORIZ LEFT
1 0 1 20 LA*= " BRNR3HU2ERND4R2BD4BR2
ii
10130
10140
10150
10160
10170
10180
10190
10200
10210
10220
10230
10240
10250
10260
10270
10280
3"
10290
10300
10310
10320
LB*= " NR4U3EFND3EFD3BR2 "
LC*= " BRNR2HU2EBR2FD2GBR3 "
LD*= " NR4U3ER2FD3BR2 "
LE*= " NU3R2NU2R2NU4BR2 "
LF*= " NU4R2NU2R2BR2 "
LG*= " NR4U4BR2NDRFD3BR2 "
LH*= " R2NR2U4NL2R2BD4BR2 "
LI$=" BU2R4BD2BR2 "
L J *= " BU4R3FD2GLBR4 "
LK*=' , NR4BU4F2ND2E2BD4BR2"
LL*="R4NU4BR2"
LM*= " NR4E2H2R4BD4BR2 "
LN*= " NR4E4NL4BD4BR2 "
LO*= " BRNR2HU2ER2FD2GBR3 "
LP*= " NR4U3EFD3BR4 "
LQ*= " BRNR2HU2ER2FDNLNRDGBR
LR*= " NR4U3EFND3BDE2BD4BR2 "
" BU3NED2FEU2EFD2GBR3 "
" U2NU2R4BD2BR2 "
" NR3BU4R3FD2GBR3 "
LT*
LU*
Page 64
the RAINBOW
December, 1982
EAST TEXAS COLOR
COMPUTER CLUB
2101 E. Main St
Henderson, Texas 75652
THE WORLDS LARGEST COLOR COMPUTER CLUB
HERE ft RE 10 GOOD REftSONS TO JOIN
1) . FREE PROGRftMS. Good programs
written by members are yours.
(These alone are worth a years
worth of dues ! )
2) . Subscription to the RftlNBOW,
a Magazine devoted entirely
to the Color Computer.
3) . Uft« of a Library, with books,
and FREE member-written programs,
(you must send a blank tape)
4) . ft club "magazine sized" news-
letter with tips, programs,
reviews, articles and more!
5) . Buy, sell & trade with your ad
(up to l/4th page per issue)
in the newsletter, FREE!
6) . Discounts on many software &
hardware items for the 80-C.
Save from 5 to 40* from some
of the MftJOR COMPftNIES.
7) . ft "new member package" with
many USEFUL items.
8) . Discounts on subscriptions to
CCN and Chromasette magazine.
9) * ft PftRTS Library where you may
borrow parts & save "downtime".
10) . Join the WORLDS LftRGEST Color
Computer Club, Where you can
get help from the many members
who are master programmers.
(Some are electronic experts)
10330
10340
10350
10360
10370
10380
10390
10400
10410
10420
10430
10440
10450
LVS=
LW*=
LX*=
LY*=
LZS=
P*="
N0*=
Nl*=
N2*=
N3*=
N4*=
N5*=
N6*=
" NR2BU4R2F2G2BR4 "
" NR4BU4R4G2F2BR2 "
"E4BL4F4BR2"
" BU4F2NG2R2BD2BR2 "
"U4F4NU4BR2"
ii
LO*
"BEHR4BD2BR2"
" U3EFD3R2NU4BR2 "
" U3EFND2EFD3BR2"
" BU3NR4F3NU4BR3 "
" NU4R2U3EFD3BR2 "
" BU3NED2FR2HU2EFD2GBR3
H
10460 N7*="U4RF3BD2BR2"
1 0470 N8*= " BRHU2EFND2EFD2GHGBR5 "
1 0480 N9*= " BRHU2ENR2FD2GBR2EU2HB
D4BR3"
10490 " EXAMPLE # 1
10500 PM0DE4, 1IPCLS I SCREEN 1,0
10510 DRAW "AS8BM76,62"+LJ*+L0*+
LS*+LE*+LP*
10520 DRAW LH*+F*+LK*
10530 DRAW R*+LO*+R*+LL*+R*+LA*
10540 DRAW R*+LR*+E*+LH*
10550 DRAW U*+LP*+U*+LE*+U*+LS*
10560 DRAW U*+LO*+U*+LJ*+H*
10570 DRAW LR*+L*+LA*
10580 DRAW L*+LL*+L*+LO*+L*+LK*
10585 GOTO 10585
10590 FOR X= 2 TO 14 STEP 2
10600 CIRCLE(124,96) ,X, 1
10610 NEXT
10620 FOR X=14 TO 2 STEP-2
10630 CIRCLE < 124, 96) , X,0
10640 NEXT
10650 ' EXAMPLE #2
10660 DRAW "BM20,20"+LJ*+LU*+LL*
+LY*+S*
10670 DRAW N 1 *+N0*+S*+N 1 *+N9*
10680 DRAW N8*+N2*
10690 DRAW "BM220, 16"+LI*+LN*+LV
*+LE*+LR*+LN*
10700 DRAW LE*+LS*+LS*+S*+LF*
10710 DRAW LL*+LA*
10720 GOTO 10590
10800 ' EXAMPLE # 3
1 0820 DRAWBM6 ,2" +N1*+F*+N9*+F*+
N8*+F*+N2*
1 0830 DRAW " BM6 , 1 80 " +N 1 *+E*+N9*+E
*+N8*+E*+N2*
1 0840 DRAW " BM244 , 2 " +N2*+G*+N8*+G
*+N9*+G*+Nl*
10850 DRAWBM244, 180"+N2*+H*+N8*
+H*+N9*+H*+N1*
10860 GOTO 10590
10890 '***TO VIEW 2ND EXAMPLE, D
ELETE LINE 10585.
10900 ? ***TO VIEW 3RD EXAMPLE IN
SERT LINE 10645 GOTO 10800 ^
S A
COLOR COMPUTER
This Month Only
MASTER CONTROL
Copyright °1981 Soft Sector Marketing, Inc.
- Written by A. Schwartz
Requires 16-32K
1 . 50 preprogrammed command keys. Standard
and Extended command.
2. Direct control of motor, trace and audio from
keyboard.
3. Automatic line numbering.
4. Programmable Custom Key.
5. Direct Run Button.
6. Keyboard overlay for easy program use.
7. Easy entry of entire commands into computer.
Load Master Control into your machine then
either type in a BASIC program or load one in
from tape to edit. Cuts programming time by
50% or more.
$24.95
For The Radio Shack
Color Computer*
Written by E.R.
50 PROGRAMS
In One Package
"The Color Computer is a product of Radio Shack,
division of tt-ie Tandy Corporation.
$49.95
ghost gobbler! j ape Directory
16K - JOYSTICK I K » ... /
$21.95
Copyright ®1982
7
up V
Creates index
of your
programs
for each
tape .
To screen
or printer.
MACHINE LANGUAGE
FOR 4K COLOR USERS
^Color
A MUST FOR ALL
COLOR COMPUTER
USERS!
iT GREAT GRAPHICS
^ Machine Language
Only $19.95
Cassette,
$14.95
- DEALER INQUIRIES WELCOME -
SOFT SECTOR MARKETING,
INCORPORATED
6250 Middlebelt • Garden City, Michigan 481 35
Order Line 800-521-6504
Michigan Orders & Questions 313-425-4020
■ ■"in.
[ : \ f i PA VM ENT- paynrien i o ccepted bye narge. personoi chec k
VISA' "25^1 1 or CO.D only. undeHhe toi lowing coot t hons Charges
B^^^H - ^ V ""* | processed when snipped. usoall v wi thin 4fl nou rs Personal
" Ctwcfcs delay' Eh ipping. pending 3 weeks locfeor COD.
orders ore certified check or cosh only odd Si 50 Ml resident must add 4% safes lax
SHIPPING * HANDLrNG - Shipping Charge* Sena the larger amount. 2% or 525fl unless
stipularedotherv/ise Any order received without shipping and handling will be sNpped freight
collect Air Mail Shipping! outside of North America please send the larger amount 10% or
$10 DO Overpoyntenf will be relunded
The Quality Continues .
Page 66
Music...
the RAINBOW
December, 1982
w
This Is Just Like Music To Your Eyes
By Larry Konecky
The Music Processor, which was written as a visual aid f or
music theory classes, could well become a valuable tool in
the library of the musically-inclined computerist.
Provisions are made in the program for saving and
loading examples to and from tape storage, and a screen
print program may be used f or printing assignments or short
music examples.
The Music Processor itself is menu based, but the menu is
not displayed on the screen. After the program is loaded and
"RUN" entered, all that will appear on the screen is the
grand staff on a black background. Upon the staff may be
drawn notes, rests, time signature, bar lines, accidentals,
slurs, fermatas, and pointers. Below the staff may be placed
symbols for figured bass and roman numeral identification
of chords. Control for the placement of the various symbols
is obtained by positioning a blinking cursor with the right
joystick and pressing various keys. Figure 1 is a chart of the
menu and functions of the keys.
The main menu containes nine functions. "C" is the first
function listed. Position the cursor at the desired location by
adjusting the right joystick control and press "C." The
cursor will stop blinking and the functions within the chalk
menu may now be chosen. (The keys in the chalk menu will
be discussed later.) Pressing "R" will pass control to the
erase menu. To ensure proper erases of previously drawn
symbols the cursor must be set as close as possible to the
original cursor position used for drawing the symbol to be
erased. Pressing "K" will save to tape all symbols that
appear on the screen and also any that have been improperly
erased. Before pressing"K" you must be surethat the tape is
properly positioned, the recorder set for record, and the
volume level properly adjusted. Pressing "M" will clear the
screen and memory of present symbols, will load the next
example stored on tape, and will draw the example onto the
screen. Just as with "K" the tape must be properly
positioned and the recorder properly adjusted f or loading of
data. Pressing the up arrow, down arrow, OR lrft arrow
keys will allow drawing of stem up or stem down notes or
rests without having to press "C/"Pressing"CLEAR"erases
the screen, erases memory, and redraws the grand staff.
Pressing "Z" provides a memory check and/ or redraw
function. The screen is cleared and the musical symbols are
redrawn as if they had been loaded f rom tape. Remember to
position the cursor before pressing "C," "R," or any of the
arrow keys. If the cursor is in the incorrect location, press
"ENTER" and control is returned to the joystick and main
menu.
The chalk menu consists of two parts (staff and below
staff). Use of either part is automatically selected by the
position of the cursor. If the cursor moves below the fourth
ledger line below the staff control is shifted to the below staff
menu.
The staff keys, "S" for sharp, "F" for flat, "X" for double
sharp, and "N" for natural are used by placing the cursor on
the desired line or space and pressing the proper key. To
place a bar line, position thecursor inthedesired horizontal
position anywhere vertically on the staff and press "B." For
time signatures position the cursor in the desired horizontal
position anywhere vertically on the staff, then press "T,"
following immediately with four numbers. The numbers will
be placed in the horizontal position of the cursor moving
vertically f rom the top of the grand staff to the bottom of the
staff. The dot "." will appear just above the present cursor
position. The slur ":" may be used along with the dot to draw
a fermata. The pointer right arrow is provided for
instructional purposes.
Each of the stem or rest keys moves control to a menu
allowing selection of whole, half, quarter, and eighth notes
or rests. Provisions are made to automatically draw up to
three ledger lines above or below both treble and bass staffs.
Pressing "C" is optional with either of these three arrow
keys.
Below the staff, placement is limited to four vertical
positions for figured bass symbols and two for Roman
numerals. Refer to Figure 2 for three examples of where
symbols are placed . Markers are provided at each side of the
screen at the upper Roman numeral position for the user's
convenience.
The erase menu contains two parts (staff and below staff).
To erase stem up or stem down notes or slurs, use the
corresponding arrow key for the notes, and either one for
the slur. "N" will erase accidentals, rests, dots, and pointers.
To erase the bar, position the cursor in the original
horizontal position and press "B." (Any vertical position
within the staff will work.) To erase the time signature,
December, 1982
the RAINBOW
Page 67
"DOWN ARROW 1 =? Stem Down
LEFT ARROW ^ Rest
SiSEC
: : : : : : : :•: :•: : :■: : :«.:•:■:•: >:■:
: :: : : : : : : :-y. : : : :i\ \' : y. :-::U :: . : . : :\:V
":■ V: : . :: : :::::?::::: ::::•: ::: : : :': : :o: :': ::
F CLEAR* ~ Erase Screen and Memory
7/ - Memory Cheek and Redraw
:: ■':
£1
:'.;•>: ::::•:<■-•:•
tliialk Menu
:::x8::x:::*::x:.:::::::
:
cSrSio:::::^::
:.,.:::::V:.::::v-:-:::::;:, : ,: : ::: : :;:: :: :
:: yyUliyy^ :«>W"::-:
,:: :
STAFF
V a Slur
'RIGHT' = Pointer
Below Staff
(4 Bnes)
:rcw:-:-
Sharp
•*F"'> Fiat
lill Double Sharp
W - Natural
: - Dot
* Bar
V - Time Signature
m:mmm
mry\ % : :mzm$ v ^
W - Numbers
yyy^t
S£Si
y^yyy^y-
y : yl ':':;V" : -.>::::i
: {: : : be
VMS.l . -ft.
top to bottom)
OP"- 'DOWN- or
^S' = Sharp
T I Flat
*X' = Double Sharp 1
|N*= Natural
■
= o
ooowxewc.;;:
' " . ' :,,
\-^.'''-'-'-y'y'-.y '■>y}yyy- '■
■ . ■ '
<&»-,if£r..:'.'.v.-: : : :
?:::«8>i:-::5!s
:<<85>:
Erase Menu
Staff
^UP-^Stem Up
'DOWN 1 - Stem Down
" Accidentals
'TV- Time Signature
W ? Bar
BELOW STAFF
'I-?* ^ Any Erase
'ENTIRE Return to
Main Menu
^NTER 1 Return to
#(^m Menu
(Ail Erases must be do.se to
original cursor position as
possible for proper erases.)
ceo: : : : : : : ■
W' = Whole
H'-Half
0 =
'ENTER' - Return to
Maui Menu
: ':
• yy££*
•V' = V
:::::::
'L* - i «
^::,:::::-:—
3883
^ENTER' - Return to
FIGURE 2
—- —
i i I J d
3 t*t cv <-r± — j~
I
1 1
1 1 i
VI
Vi i I
X\'SyZf£'
: : ' : : ■ ■ ■
MUSIC PROCESSOR VARIABLES
N(E) = Symbol indicator (38 different symbols possible)
A(E) = X axis position (horizontal)
B(E) = Y asix position (vertical)
E = Main counter (counts # of symbols used)
(may be increased to 70 without a screen Print
loaded.)
X = JOYSTCK(0)*4
Y = JOYSTCK(l)*3
D = Redraw indicator (1 to draw, 0 to ignore)
K = Loading indicator (1 to draw, 0 to ignore)
T = Time signature indicator (1 to draw, 0 to ignore)
Q = Time signature loop counter
L and M = Roman numeral positions to draw
P and C - Cursor color indicators
Z, W, I, F. and H = Loop counters
J = End of main count indicator
* — i
71 , II
JtL
- - .
b - z
3 Z
I 12
Y. vi
i n| Z i
Page 68
the RAINBOW
December, 1982
follow the same procedure for positioning the cursor as in
erasing the bar and then press "T." Pressing "ENTER" will
switch control back to the main menu and joystick without
making any erases.
Erasing below the staff is provided by pressing any one of
the number keys. In order that proper memory erases occur,
position the cursor in the original position that the
particular symbol was drawn. It is possible for the erases to
overlap symbols not intended to be erased. If this happens,
press "Z,"and the example will be redrawn with the present
symbols contained in memory.
Remark statements have been left out of the program
because it is rather lengthy and uses up the majority of the
memory of a 16K machine. If you are not using a screen
print program, the dimensions in statement two of the
statement outline may be increased to 70.
Music Processor Statement Outline
2-16 Draw Grand Staff
5-7 Staff
8-13 Cleft Signs
17-28 Cursor Control
29-38 Main Menu
39-71 Staff Menu
39-44 Rests
45-59 Basic Staff Menu
60-65 Stem Up
66-71 Stem Down
72-97 Below Staff Menu
72-81 Numbers
82-85 Roman Numerals
COLOR COMPUTER SOFTWARE
Adventure games
- THE ALCHEMIST'S LABORATORY - $14.95
mix the ingredients that will
turn lead into gold.
- LOKAR'S MAGIC STAFF - $14.95
can you unlock the deadly secrets of LOKAR'S magic staff?
- MEGAMAZE - $14.95
a wild, five dimensional space maze adventure.
- SQUEEZE - $14.95
arcade style game where aliens close in from both sides at
once.
- GRAPHIC SCREEN EDITOR - $16.95
create pictures on the screen using joysticks or arrow keys-
save on tape, erase, paint, and many other features.
- COLOR SHOW DISPLAYS - $8.95
five graphics programs that create endless changing pat-
terns,
all programs 16-K extended basic cassette only.
Send for free catalogue. We accept checks, money orders,
Visa and Mastercharge. (no C.O.D.'s) Please add $1.00 for
shipping. Send to:
REAL SOFTWARE CO.
P.O. BOX 401 • H0PEDALE, MA 01747
(617) 393-6281
CIS orders EMAIL to 71505,430
Mass. residents add 5% sales tax Dealer inquiries welcomed
86-97 All Other Symbols
98-107 Time Signature
108- 146 Erase Routines
109- 114 Below Staff
115-121 Staff
122-129 Erase and Redraw Staff
130-136 Adjust Memory
137-145 Time Signature
146 Clear Memory
147-150 Save To Tape
151-153 Load From Tape
154-162 Redraw Routine
163-173 Symbol Positioning and Select
174-214 Draw Routines
174-182 Numbers
183-186 Accidentals
187-188 Bar and Dot
189-192 Roman Numerals
193-198 Other Symbols
199-210 Notes and Ledger Lines
211-213 Rests
214 Slur
2 PMODE 4„l:DIM N (64) , A(64) , B (64
)
3 E=l
4 PCLS: SCREEN 1 , 1
5 F0RZ=1TD5:LINE(2, (Z*6+33) >-(25
0, (Z*6+33) > ,PSET:LINE(2, (Z*6+87)
) - (250, ( Z*6+87) > , PSET: NEXTZ
6 LINE(2,39)-(2, 117) ,PSET:LINE(3
,39)-(3, 117) , PSET
7 LINE (250, 39) -(250, 117) , PSET: LI
NE(251,39)-(251, 117) , PSET
8 DRAW"BM18,33D1L1D33L1D1L1D1L1U
1L2U1L1U2R2D1L1"
9 DRAW"BM13,56"
10 F0RZ=1T02: DRAW"BM+1 , 0H1U1E2R4
F3D483L5H5U 1 H 1 U2E 1 U 1 E 1 4U4H3G2 "
1 1 DRAW " BM-7 , +66H 1 NR2U 1 R2H 1 E 1 R6D
1R1F1D1F1D2G1D2G1D161D1G1D1G6"
12 DRAW"BM+14,-20DlBM+0,+5Dl"
13 DRAW"BM14, 56": NEXTZ
14 PSET(4, 159,5) :PSET(249, 159,5)
15 1 FD= 1 THEN J=E : GOTO 1 54
16 IFK=1THEN151
17 X=JOYSTK(0)*4: Y=J0YSTK(1)*3:P
=PPOINT(X, Y)
18 PSET(X,Y,P)
19 X=JOYSTK(0)*4: Y= JOYSTK ( 1 ) *3
20 IFX<8THENX=8
21 IFX>246THENX»246
22 IFY<15THENY=15
23 IFY>168THENY=176:G0T027
24 IFY>159THENY=168:G0T027
25 IFY>150THENY=159:GOTO27
26 IFY>142THENY=150
27 P=PPO I NT ( X , Y ) : I FP=5THENO0ELS
EC=1
28 PSET(X,Y,C)
29 IFPEEK(341)=254THEN45
30 IFPEEK(340)=251THEN108
December, 1982
the RAINBOW
Page 69
31 IFPEEK
(339)=191THEN146
32 IFPEEK
(341)=253THEN148
33 IFPEEK
(340) =247THEND=1 : G0T04
34 IFPEEK
( 343 ) =253THENK= 1 : GOTO 1 4
6
35 IFPEEK
(341)=247THEN60
36 IFPEEK
(342)=247THEN66
37 IFPEEK
(343)=247THEN39
38 GOTO 18
39 IFPEEK
( 345 ) =25 1 THENN ( E ) =35 : GO
TO 163
40 IFPEEK
( 338 ) =253THENN ( E ) =35 : GO
TO 163
41 IFPEEK
( 339 ) =25 1 THENN ( E ) =36 : GO
TO 163
42 IFPEEK
(343) =254THENN (E) =37: GO
TO 163
43 IFPEEK
(338)=191THEN18
44 G0T039
45 IFY<142THEN46ELSE72
46 IFPEEK
(341 )=247THEN60
47 IFPEEK
(342)=247THEN66
48 IFPEEK (338) =191THEN18
49 IFPEEK
(342)=251THEN N(E)=10:T
=l:E=E+l:
G0T098
50 IFPEEK
(343)=247THEN39
51 IFPEEK
( 34 1 ) =25 1 THENN ( E ) = 1 1 : GO
TO 163
52 IFPEEK
( 344 ) =254THENN ( E ) = 1 2 : GO
TO 163
53 IFPEEK
( 338 ) =247THENN ( E ) = 1 3 : GO
TO 163
54 IFPEEK
( 344 ) =253THENN ( E ) = 1 4 : GO
TO 163
55 IFPEEK
( 344 ) =223THENN ( E ) =34 : GO
TO 163
56 IFPEEK
( 340 ) =254THENN ( E ) =23 : GO
TO 163
57 IFPEEK
( 344 ) =247THENN ( E ) =33 : GO
TO 163
58 IFPEEK
( 340 ) =223THENN ( E ) =38 : GO
TO 163
59 G0T046
60 I F Y > 1 42THEN72ELSE I FPEEK ( 345 ) =
25 1 THENN (E) =15: G0T0163
61 IFPEEK
( 338 ) =253THENN ( E ) = 1 6 : GO
TO 163
62 IFPEEK
( 339 ) =25 1 THENN ( E ) = 1 7 : GO
TO 163
63 IFPEEK
(343) =254THENN ( E ) = 1 8 : GO
TO 163
64 IFPEEK
(338)=191THEN18
65 GOTO60
66 IFY>142THEN72ELSEIFPEEK(345)=
251THENN (E) =19: G0T0163
67 IFPEEK (338) =253THENN(E) =20: GO
TO 163
68 IFPEEK
(339) =251 THENN (E) =21 : GO
TO 163
69 IFPEEK (343) =254THENN(E)
TO 163
70 IFPEEK (338) =191THEN18
71 G0T066
72 IFD=1ORK=1THEN170ELSEI
39 ) =239THENN (E) =1 : GOTO 1 63
73 IFPEEK (340) =239THENN(E)
0163
74 IFPEEK (34 1 ) =239THENN (E)
0163
75 IFPEEK (342) =239THENN(E)
0163
76 I FPEEK ( 34 3 ) =239THENN ( E )
0163
77 IFPEEK (344) =239THENN(E)
0163
78 IFPEEK (345) =239THENN(E)
0163
79 IFPEEK (338) =223THENN(E)
0163
80 I FPEEK ( 339 ) =223THENN ( E )
0163
81 IFT=1THEN72
82 IFPEEK (339) =253THENN(E)
T0163
83 IFPEEK (344) =251 THENN (E)
TO 163
84 IFPEEK (342) =253THENN(E)
TO 163
=22: GO
(3
2 : GOT
3: GOT
4: GOT
5: GOT
6 : GOT
7: GOT
8: GOT
9: GOT
=24: GO
=25: GO
26: GO
The
Home
Buyer's
Analyzer
THE HOME PURCHASER'S
"WHAT IF" TOOL
FOR THE
COLOR COMPUTER
Program Projects up to 40 Years, and Computes:
* Mortgage Balance * Mortgage Payment
* Effective Payments after Taxes and Appreciation
Displays Year of Purchase & Year of Sale Figures
Automatically Adjusted FederalTax Schedules in Program
Considers Balloon (Variable Rate) Mortgages
Detailed Documentation Booklet Provided • Graph Results
Stores Input for Future Runs • Printer/Monitor Output
Requires Extended Basic • Cassette - 32K Required
Printer Optional • Disk - 1 6K Required
PRICE $34.95 CASSETTE or $39.95 DISK
Send Check or Money Order (N.J. Residents Add 5% Sales Tax) to:
SILVER SPRING SOFTWARE
1 8 Silver Spring Road, West Orange, N.J. 07052
(Dealer Inquiries In vited)
Page 70
the RAINBOW
December, 1982
85 IFPEEK<343)=251THENN<E)=27:G0
TO 163
86 IFPEEK<341)=251THENN<E)=ll:G0
TO 163
87 IFPEEK<344)=254THENN<E)=12:G0
TO 163
88 IFPEEK<338)=247THENN<E)=13:G0
TO 163
89 IFPEEK<344)=253THENN<E)=14:G0
TO 163
90 IFPEEK<343)=223THENN<E)=28:G0
TO 163
91 IFPEEK<341)=223THENN<E)=29:G0
TO 163
92 IFPEEK<338)=239THENN<E)=30:GO
TO 163
93 IFPEEK<342)=254THENN<E)=31:G0
TO 163
94 IFPEEK<345)=223THENN<E)=32:G0
TO 163
95 IFPEEK<344)=247THENN<E)=33:G0
TO 163
96 IFPEEK<338)=191THEN18
97 G0T072
98 F0RQ=1T04
99 DRAWS4BM0, 155" : F0RZ=lT0X/4: D
RAWBM+4, +0" : NEXTZ
100 ON Q GOTO 101,102,103,104
monthly interest on $5100 (JBF) at the interest rate in FB
(off screen). Operators are +-/l A SUM, INT and A6S. Full
9 digit precision display with selectable decimal point,
File Save and load, screen print, and From~To Column
Report Print. Requires 32K.
$25 Disk or Cassette
194 Lock wood
Bloomingdale, IL 60108
101 DRAW"S4BM+0,-104S8 ,, :GOTO72
1 02 DRAW " S4BM+0 , -92S8 " : G0T072
103 DRAW"S4BM+0,-50S8 ,, :GOTO72
104 DRAW"S4BM+0,-38S8 ,, :GOTO72
105 IFK=10RD=1THENI=I+1
106 NEXTQ: T=0: DRAW"S4BM0, 155"
107 GOTO 18
108 PSET<X,Y,0) : IFYM42THEN109EL
SE115
109 F0RZ=338T0345
110 IFPEEK<Z)=2390RPEEK<Z)=223TH
ENF0RW=X-4T0X+4: LINE <W, Y-6) - <W, Y
+6) , PRESET: NEXTW: GOTO 1 13
111 IFPEEK<338)=191THEN18ELSENEX
TZ
112 GOTO109
113 F0RI=1T0E
114 IFABS<A<I)-XX4ANDABS<B<I)-Y
X6THEN134ELSENEXTI : G0T018
115 IFPEEK<341)=247THEN122
116 IFPEEK<342)=247THEN123
117 I FPEEK < 344 ) =253THEN 1 24
118 IFPEEK<340)=254THEN125
119 IFPEEK<342)=251THEN141
120 IFPEEK<338)=191THEN18
121 G0T0115
122 F0RZ=Y-15T0Y+4:LINE<X-6, Z)-<
X+6, Z) , PRESET IGOSUB 127: NEXTZ: GOT
0130
123 F0RZ=Y-4T0Y+15:LINE<X-6, Z)-<
X+6, Z) , PRESET: G0SUB127: NEXTZ: GOT
0130
124 F0RZ=Y-7T0Y+4:LINE<X-5,Z)-<X
+3, Z) , PRESET: G0SUB127: NEXTZ: GOTO
130
125 LINE<X,39)-<X, 117) , PRESET
126 F0RZ=1T05:PSET<X, Z*6+33,5) :P
SET<X, Z*6+87,5) : NEXTZ: GOTO130
127 IFZ=390RZ=450RZ=510RZ=570RZ=
63THENL I NE < X-6 , Z ) - < X+6 , Z ) , PSET
128 IFZ=93ORZ=99ORZ=105ORZ=111OR
Z=l 17THENLINE < X-6, Z ) - <X+6, Z ) , PSE
T
129 RETURN
130 F0RI=1T0E
131 IFN<I)=23AND A < I ) =X THEN 134
132 IF<N<I-1)=10)ANDABS<A<I)-X)<
5THEN137
133 IFABS<A<I)-XX4ANDABS<B<I)-Y
) < 3THEN 1 34ELSENE X T I : GOTO 18
134 FORF=I TOE
135 N<F)=N<F+1) : A<F)=A<F+1) :B<F)
= B<F + 1)
136 NEXTF:E=E-l:G0T019
137 F0RF=I-lT0E+5
138 N<F)=N<F+5) : A<F)=A<F+5) :B<F)
=B<F+5)
139 NEXTF
140 E=E-5:G0T019
141 F0RZ=39T063
Our own Electronic Spreadsheet
Prompt 1 Calc Order — >
Cursor Loc & V,F,orL ->
Column designators — >
Row designators
m
Screen scrolls with
cursor's location >
13 Rows and 3 columns
are Visible at once.
R
[DF3 (F)*BF/121FB
b c
d
a INSTALLMENT ANALYSIS
b 5000.00 PAYMENT 2 100.00
d C BALANCE PAYMENT INTEREST
f
9
h
5000.00
4950.00
4899.50
100.00)
100.00
100.00
50.00
49.50
49.00
Most of the Features of V..C. tailored to the CC screen.
Prompt area shows current input, recalc order (Row or
Column), recalc indicator ( ( ), cursor location & contents
(Value, Label, Formula), and messages. 338 cell spread
sheet (Expandable!) is ceil addressable for flexibility.
In the partial screen print above, the cursor is at ceil
DF which contains the formula +8F/12IFB to calculate the
December, 1982
the RAINBOW
Page
142 LINE (X-5, Z ) - (X+5, Z ) , PRESET: G
0SUB127
143 NEXTZ
144 F0RZ=93T0117:LINE(X-5, Z)-(X+
5, Z) , PRESET
145 GOSUB 1 27 : NE X T Z : GOTO 1 30
146 FORZ=0TOE+l:N(Z)=0: A(Z)=0:B(
Z)=0: NEXTZ
147 I FK= 1 THEN4ELSE3
148 OPEN "0",-l, "STAFF"
149 print#-i,e:forz=itoe:print#-
1,n(z) , a(z) ,b(z) : nextz
150 CL0SE#-l:G0T018
151 OPEN" I",-l, "STAFF"
152 INPUT#-1, J:FORZ=lTOJ: INPUT#-
1,N(Z) , A(Z) ,B(Z) : NEXTZ
153 CLOSE- 1
154 FORI=lTOJ
155 E=I
156 X=A(E) : Y=B(E)
157 IFN(E)=10THENI=I+l:E=I:T=l:Q
=1 : X=A (E) : Y=B (E) : G0T099
158 I FQ=4THENQ=0 : T=0: DRAW"S4BM0,
155": GOTO 160
1 59 I FT= 1 THENGNQ+ 1 : G0T099
160 GOTO 164
161 nexti:k=0:d=0
162 GOTO 17
163 A(E)=X:B(E)=Y
164 I FN ( E ) >9THEN 1 68
165 IFT=1THEN170
166 DRAWBM0, 155" : FORZ=lTO ( A (E) /
4) : DRAW" BM+4,0": NEXTZ: IFYM50THE
NDRAWBM+0, +9" : I FY > 1 59THENDRAW " B
M+0, +9" : I FY > 1 68THENDRAW " BM+0 , +9"
167 GOTO 170
168 IFY>165THENL=178ELSEL=160
169 IFY>165THENM=171ELSEM=153
170 ON N(E) GOSUB 174,175,176,17
7, 178, 179, 180, 181, 182,72, 183, 184
, 185, 186, 199, 199, 199, 199,205,205
,205,205, 187, 189, 190, 191, 192, 193
, 194, 195, 196, 197, 198, 188,211,212
,213,214
171 IFK=10RD=1THEN161ELSEE=E+1
172 IFT=1THENFORH=1TO100: NEXTH: G
OTO105
173 GOTO 18
1 74 DRAW " R 1 L4R2U6G 1 " : RETURN
1 75 DRAW " R2L4E4U 1 H 1 L2G 1 " : RETURN
176 DRAW"L1H1F1R2E1U1H1E1U1H1L2G
1 " : RETURN
1 77 DRAW "BM+l , 0U6G3D 1 R4 " : RETURN
178 DRAW"L1H1F1R2E1U2H1L3U2R4" : R
ETURN
1 79 DRAW " BM~2 , -3D2F 1 R2E 1 U 1 H 1 L3U2
E1R2": RETURN
180 DRAW" BM-1 , 0E1U1E1U1E2L5" : RET
URN
181 DRAW"R1E1U1H1L2H1U1E1R2F1D1G
An exciting new game from
the company that is setting
the standards. Colorful, high
scoring, fast action play with
arcade quality sound effects.
High resolution, multicolored
characters on a black back-
ground. Smooth accurate joy-
stick control. Demonstration
mode. Pause feature. 1 or 2
players. 100% machine lan-
guage. Requires 16K color
computer with joysticks.
Cassette— $29.95 Disc— $34.95
Add $1.50 for shipping; $3 outside
U.S.; 4% tax in Mich. VISA, Master-
card or Money order. Please allow 2
weeks for checks.
DEALER INQUIRIES INVITED.
3BB0R3
9 9 9
9 99 99
t • S
99 <fi
8 ?
Page 72
the RAINBOW
December, 1982
1L2G1D1F1L1 " : RETURN
182 DRAW 11 L 1 R2E 1 U4 H 1 L2G 1 D 1 F 1 R2 " : R
ETURN
183 LINE<X-2, Y+l)-<X+2, Y+l) , PSET
: LINE < X-2, Y-l ) - < X+2, Y-l ) , PSET : LI
NE<X-1, Y+2)-<X-l, Y-2) , PSET:LINE<
X + l, Y+2)- < X + l, Y-2) , PSET: RETURN
184 CIRCLE<X,Y),2:LINE<X-1, Y+3)-
<X-1 , Y-7) , PSET: RETURN
185 LINE<X-3, Y-2)-<X+l, Y+2) , PSET
:LINE<X-3, Y+2)-<X + l, Y-2) , PSET: RE
TURN
186 LINE<X-2, Y+l)- <X-2, Y-3) , PSET
: LINE < X + l, Y-1)-<X+1, Y+3) , PSET: LI
NE < X-2, Y+l ) - < X + l , Y+l ) , PSET: LINE <
X-2, Y-l ) - < X + l , Y-l ) , PSET: RETURN
187 LINE<X,39)-(X, 1 17) , PSET: RETU
RN
188 PSET ( X, Y-2) : PSET (X-l, Y-2) : RE
TURN
189 LINE<X-1,L)-(X-1,M) ,PSET:LIN
E (X-4,L)-( X+2, L) , PSET: LINE <X-4,M
)-<X+2,M) , PSET: RETURN
190 LINE<X-4,L)-(X+4,L) ,PSET:LIN
E < X-4, M) - <X+4, M) , PSET: LINE ( X , L-l
) - < X -2, M+ 1 ) , PSET :LINE<X,L-1)-(X+
2, M+l ) , PSET: RETURN
191 LINE<X-1,L)-(X-1,L-3),PSET:P
SET ( X-l , L-5, 5) : RETURN
1982 Interactive "What If"
TAX Analysis
PROGRAM - 1040 - SCHED. A
for the TRS-80 Color Computer™ (16K)
OPTIMIZE TAX RETURNS
Makes It Easy & Simple To:
• MODIFY Tax Data & Receive IMMEDIATE
RECALCULATION of Return.
SAVE/Restore Tax Data
Menu Driven Tree Structured S/W
RAINBOW
CWTWCATWW
ONLY $19.99
Add $1.00 postage
Plus $1.50 if C.O.D.
In VA, add 4 ( /c sales tax
^1 ^TFlfC 7602 SEOANE COURT
9191 fixY 1» FALLS CHURCH, VA 22042
192 LINE<X-l,L)-<X-3,L-5) ,PSET:L
INE < X-l , L) - < X + l , L-5) , PSET: RETURN
193 LINE<X-3,Y+l)-<X+3, Y+l) , PSET
: RETURN
194 LINE<X-3,Y-l)-<X+3, Y-l) , PSET
: LINE < X , Y-4) - < X , Y+2) , PSET: RETURN
195 CIRCLE <X,Y) ,2: RETURN
196 CIRCLE <X , Y) , 2: LINE < X+2, Y+l ) -
<X+2, Y-4) , PSET: RETURN
197 LINE<X-4,Y+5)-<X+4, Y-2) , PSET
: RETURN
198 LINE<X-5,Y-l)-<X+3, Y-l) , PSET
: LINE < X-l , Y-4) - ( X+3, Y-l ) , PSET : LI
NE < X-l , Y+2) - (X+3, Y-l ) , PSET: RETUR
N
199 IFY<34THENLINE<X-6,33)-(X+6,
33) ,PSET: IFY<28THENLINE<X-6,27>-
<X+6,27) ,PSET: IFY<22THENLINE<X-6
,21)-(X+6,21) ,PSET
200 IFY<88ANDY>68THENLINE<X-6,87
)-<X+6,87) ,PSET: IFY<82THENLINE < X
-6,81)-<X+6,81) ,PSET: IFY<76THENL
INE<X-6,75)-<X+6,75) , PSET
201 CIRCLE<X, Y) ,4: IFN (EX 16THENR
ETURN
202 LINE<X+3, Y)-<X+3, Y-15) ,PSET:
I FN ( E X 1 7THENRETURN
203 C I RCLE (X,Y) ,3:CI RCLE (X,Y) ,2:
CIRCLE <X,Y) , l:P=5: I FN ( E )< 1 8THENR
ETURN
204 LINE<X+3,Y-15)-<X+6, Y-12) , PS
ET: LINE < X+6, Y-12) - ( X+6, Y-9) , PSET
: RETURN
205 IFY>68ANDY<88THENLINE<X-6,69
)-(X+6,69) ,PSET: I FY >74THENL I NE < X
-6, 75) - < X+6, 75) , PSET: I FY >80THENL
INE<X-6,81) -<X+6,81) , PSET
206 IFY>122THENLINE<X-6, 123)-(X+
6, 123) , PSET: IFY>128THENLINE<X-6,
129)- (X+6, 129) , PSET: I FY > 1 34THENL
INE<X-6, 135) -< X+6, 135) , PSET
207 CIRCLE <X,Y) ,4: IFN (EX20THENR
ETURN
208 LINE<X~3, Y)-<X-3, Y+15) ,PSET:
I FN ( E X 2 1 THENRETURN
209 C I RCLE (X,Y),3:CI RCLE (X,Y) ,2:
CIRCLE <X,Y) , l:P=5: I FN (EX 22THENR
ETURN
210 LINE<X-3, Y+15)-<X,Y+12) , PSET
:LINE<X,Y+12)-(X, Y+9 ) , PSET : RETUR
N
211 F0RZ=Y-3T0Y-l:LINE(X-2,Z)-<X
+2,Z) , PSET: NEXTZ: RETURN
212 LINE<X-4, Y-8)-(X, Y-4) ,PSET:L
INE<X, Y-4) -< X-4, Y) , PSET: LINE < X-4
, Y)-<X, Y+4) , PSET: RETURN
213 LINE<X-4, Y+4)-(X+3, Y-4) , PSET
: C I RCLE < X -2 , Y-3 ) , 2 : RETURN
214 LINE<X-6, Y)-<X,Y-3) ,PSET:LIN
E < X , Y-3) - (X+6, Y) , PSET: RETURN ^
PRICKLY-PEAR SOFTWARE
QUALITY PROGRAMS FOR YOUR 80C
PROGRAMS REQUIRE 16K EXTENDED BASIC FOR TAPE, AND 32K DISK UNLESS OTHERWISE NOTED.
Astrology
Truly a classic, this program will accurately cast your
complete horoscope. You just enter the date, time, and
place of birth. The sun sign, rising sign, mid heaven (MC),
lunar nodes, and planetary influences including houses
and aspectsbetween the planets will all be calculated, and
a full chart drawn. You can also do progressed charts and
transits. It will even tell you the day of the week you were
born. The accompanying book will help you interpret this
chart of your horoscope. The extentof the documentation
is tremendous, even by our exceptionally high standards,
and no previous knowledge of the subject is required. You
can share in this wisdom which has been used for thou-
sands of years in many cultures. This program was written
by a professional Astrologer. Please specify 1 6K or 32K
system. $34.95 tape — $39.95 disk
Gangbusters
If you ever wanted to try a life of crime, this is your chance.
You will start out as a Punk, but by using brains, and a little
muscle, you can rise to become a Hood, Runner, Bookie,
Torpedo, Fence, Kingpin, or win by becoming Syndicate
Boss. Indulge yourself. Bribe a judge, or the District
Attorney. Pay off the Cops. Take out a contract on another
player, but watch out, they may be afteryou. Buy trucking
companies, bootleg operations, houses of ill fame, but
remember, if you get caught, you may do some hard time.
Do you have what it takes to take over? Thisgame will keep
you close to your rod, get you thinking about bulletproof
glass in your car, and definitely bring out the worst in you,
but you'll love every minute of it. For 2 to 6 players, takes
about 2 hours to play. Every game is excitingly different.
$19.95 tape — $24.95 disk
NEW THIS MONTH
Have you been jealous of your friends when
they play "Wizardry®" on their high priced
computer? Your time is coming! Soon you will
be able to play "Gateway to Glory". This
incredible adventure, with graphics, is over
1 60 kilobytes long, and will require a disk drive.
NOT QUITE READY YET,
BUT COMING SOON
TO A COMPUTER NEAR YOU!
Viking!
A simulation for 1 to 4 persons. Each begins as a land-
owner, and by farming their land, buying and selling land,
expanding their fishing fleet, building on to their manu-
factory, increasing their population, equiping and training
more soldiers, and regulating theirtaxes, each player tries
to increase their economic power and rank until one
becomes ruler over all. But beware plagues, rats, raiders,
revolts, bad weather, and other misfortunes which may lie
along the road tosuccess. Asyou progress, seethe map of
your holdings increase. Playable in 1 to 2 hours, and
different every time, you may have an addiction problem.
$1 9.95 tape — $24.95 disk
Fantasy Gamer's Package
Two programs: The first will display your choice of 99
different rooms in Hi-Res graphics atthe touch of a key. All
standard sizes, plus some with pools, pillars, stairs, odd
shapes, etc. Saves lots of game time spent describing
room sizes, shapes, and door locations. Includes a super
fast dungeon designing system and a completely keyed
sample dungeon module — ready to play. The second
program in the package generates COMPLETE charac-
ters including abilities, race, classes, hit points, age, thieving
skills, much more, and also generates monsters. This
package was developed by an active DM, and has been
tested in hiscampaign. 20 pagesof documentation. $1 9.95
Fantasy Gamer's 32K Package
Similar to our popular Fantasy Gamer's Package, but both
the Rooms and the Character & Monster Generator are in
memory at the same time. You make your selection from a
menu. In addition, you can select the Dice Bag, which will
roll just about any probability you need. $24.95 tape —
$29.95 disk
Ancient Wisdom Trilogy
Three programs, each drawing on the historical wisdom of
the ages.
TAROT Ancient Egyptian deck of cards may reveal much.
You can read past/present/future, circle of life, or ask a
specific question. Lots of documentation. $1 9.95 tape —
$24.95 disk
I CHING A Chinese wisdom so old its very origin is
shrouded in the mists of time. The ancient Chinese oracle
will give an answer to your question. What will the hexa-
gram reveal? $19.95 tape — $24.95 disk
NUMEROLOGY What can be learned from the num-
bers? Do a character analysis, read your destiny, or chart
your monthly cycles. $19.95 tape — $24.95 disk
All of thesecomewith ample documentation — ready to be
used immediately. ALL THREE for just $39.95 tape —
$44.95 disk. Save almost $20.00 over separate prices.
ALL Programs in this ad, including disk versions,
carry the Rainbow certification seal!
SEND A STAMPED, SELF-ADDRESSED LONG ENVELOPE FOR COMPLETE CATALOGUE
At Your Local Dealer, or
Your Personal check is welcome - no delay. Include Send Order To: PRICKLY-PEAR SOFTWARE
$1.50 shipping for each program ordered. (Shipping free 9822 E. Stella Road
on $50.00 or larger orders). Az. residents add 4% sales Tucson, Arizona 85730
tax. Orders shipped within two days. (602) 886-1 505
Page 74
the RAINBOW
December, 1982
Software Review...
Enchanted Forest Is An
Enchanting Graphic Adventure
So far, just about every "graphic" Adventure game we
have seen has been pretty much like a maze game. That is,
you wander through a mazeand come across various things.
Maze Adventures are not bad, by any means, but after a
while a lot of them start to look the same. They can be
enhanced with visual clues and the like but they pretty much
are mazes.
Not so with Enchanted Forest, which uses the graphic
screens to show you where you are — in a forest surrounded
by trees. As the game opens up, there are three green and
brown trees, a brown patch and a bunch of adventure
waiting for you.
Enchanted Forest is written in Basic and the author is wise
to keep the graphics simple — because they have to be drawn
with each scene. No problem here, and they are colorful and
interesting. All in all, they are a very welcome respite from
the mazes.
Yes. Nice green grass. Pretty green trees. Purple tree
frogs. And, oh no. We've broken a rule and told you
something about the adventure. Yes, that thing is a tree frog.
Well, we weren't sure what it was. We tried a bunch of
things and didn't get it right. Finally, we went a-hunting in
the list of variables (one reason I like Basic Adventures —
when I get stuck I can cheat) and figured out it was a tree
frog. And, while I still have not found out what to do with
the tree frog, at least I know what it is.
No matter. I liked this Adventure. Its different. The
graphics really enhance play, and it is not so slow in drawing
them that it really slows down the game. After all, you
should think your way through an Adventure — not hack
and slash about!
The main way Enchanted Forest operates is to show you a
scene and then let you press ENTER to get to the text screen
for an entry. But, except for those "You Can't Go In That
Direction"-type messages, all the results of your activities
are shown on the graphic screen. For instance, one time I
came across a sign but could not quite make out the letters. I
told the program to "LOOK SIGN" and got a closeup of the
sign that was easy to read.
The logic and necessity to think in the Enchanted Forest is
up to snuff and it is a game to be recommended. We have
only one major complaint, and it is not so much about the
Enchanted Forest as it is about a great many Adventure
games. That complaint is that all these games should try to
either (1) use the same names for the same kinds of things (is
it a cage, a cell or a jail?) or (2) there should be some kind of
list of the unusual verbs and nouns. Let's put an emphasis on
unusual, but a good Adventure is difficult enough without
trying to figure out whether the author is calling an object a
ROCK or a STONE.
(Some philosophy here, soft drinks are called "Pop" in
Chicago, "Soda" in New York, "Coke"in Georgiaand, I am
sure, other things in other places. We ought to have some
generic words in Adventures, though.)
Sorry about the digression. Enchanted Forest is a good
Adventure, has some nice graphics and is fun to play.
Enjoyable.
(Genesis Software, P.O. Box 936, Manchester, MO
63011, $21.95)
TRS80 color
From the January 1981 issue of the CSRA Computer
Club newsletter
There was some amusement at the Novem-
ber meeting when the Radio Shack repre-
sentatives stated that the software in the
ROM cartridges could not be copied. This
month s 68 Micro Journal reported they had
disassembled the programs on ROM by
covering some of the connector pins with
tape. They promise details next month. Never
tell a hobbyist something can't be done 1 . This
magazine seems to be theonly source so far
of technical informations on the TRS-80 color
computer" - . Devoted to SS-50 6800 and
6809 machines up to now, 68 Micro Journal
plans to include the TRS-80 6809 unit in
future issues.
NOTE: This and other interesting and needed articles
for the Radio Shack TRS-80 color computer ^ are being
included monthly in 68 Micro Journal— The Largest
specialty computer magazine in the world'
68 MICRO JOURNAL
5900 Cassandra Smith Road
Hixson, Tennessee 37343
615 842-4600
68 Micro Journal" was established with one objective in
mind; to provide a Magazine FOR 68xx Users BY 68xx
Users. Because of a strict advertiser policy, 68 Micro
Journal 1 " has gained a strong following WORLDWIDE
because the reader KNOWS what he is getting when
purchasing from a 68 Micro Journal" Advertiser. It has
gained a strong User following because most of the
material published is contribu + ed BY USERS, and,
therefore, is relevant to the Users needs.
Currently, and even before the Color Computer"" hit the
stores, 68 Micro Journal* was devoting more space to
the TRS-80C Color Computer 1 " and information concerning
the Motorola 6809 (which is the CPU in the Color
Computer") than ANY OTHER Computer Magazine* Examples
include:
REVIEWS of the three major Disk Control Systems for
the Color Computer", most of the Monitors,
Assemblers, and Disassemblers, Word Processors and
Editors, "Terminal" D rograms (for use with Modems,
Communications wi+h o+her Compu + ers, etc.), an'd of
course, Games.
HINTS for Expanding Memory, Power Supply Cooling, re-
pairing sticky keyboards, disabling the ROM PAK "Take
Over", hooking up to Printers, etc.
DISCUSSIONS of the 688 5 Synchronous Address
Multiplexer, using the Color Computer 1 " with 64K and
96K memory (which it is ALREADY capable of handling),
thoughts on Programming, etc.
I suggest that you subscribe to 68 Micro JoumaP, SOON,
as many back issues are sold-out.
We st" ill, and will con + inue to, lead in the type
information you need to PULLY UTILIZE the POWER of the
6809 in the Rtjdio Shack TRS-80 Color Computer".
Subscription Rates
USA: 1-year $24.50; 2-year $42.50; 3-year $64.50
CANADA and MEXICO: Add $5.50 per year to USA Price
Foreign Surface: Add $12.00 per year to USA Price
Foreign AIRMAIL: Add $36.00 per year to USA Price
Sample issue - $3.50
Bob Nay t.
Color Computer Editor
uecemDer, '\voz
IMfc? KMIIND^JVV
page /£>
Software Review...
Graph Programs Give Fine
High Resolution Drawing
Drawing on the high resolution graphic screen can be a
frustrating experience — especially if you cannot draw very
well. This being the case, we wondered whether the drawing
appearing in Zeta Software's advertising was the product of
a superior program or an outstanding artist.
The answer is, probably, both. We won't go into talking
about the artistic merits of the sample program we got with
Graph-32, but we can say that the program itself is a good
one that will make up for some of the shortcomings in
artistic ability.
Honestly, when we got the CoCo's Extended Basic
upgrade more than a year ago, one of the things we were
most excited about was the ability to do some drawing on
the high res screen. And, even though we cannot draw, we
figured the computer would be happy to help out. And,
while we didturnoutsomefairto middlin'graphics, nothing
was every really good.
We will not pretend that Graph-32 will turn you into a
Miro or Picasso (Pablo probably would have loved the
CoCo), but it will certainly help you let your creative juices
flow. It is easy to use and the results can be spectacular.
A character set is included with the program, and that
allows you to easily type in characters on the graphic screen.
You've seen this feature before. But Graph-32 goes it one
step further to let you change the characters at will — and
even create special characters — to suit your needs. It is one
of the best implementations of the "writing on the graphic
screen" programs we have seen.
Entering lines, circles, boxes and painting is easy with
one-letter commands, after which you add some parameters
to fill in choices. And, if you don't like the way the image
turns out, one key erases what you drew. Reverse images?
One letter reverses everything you see on the screen.
The program also gives you a grid to make it easier to
position things on thescreen. And, the grid can be printed or
not, depending on your desire.
Perhaps best of all there is both a fast and slow draw
command. Since most of the drawing (but not the figure-
making) is done by using the joysticks, you have the usual
problem of moving the joystick too fast and creating dotted
lines. This is true with the slow draw mode, but the f ast draw
won't give broken lines: It goes fast.
There is also ability to move images around the screen,
either by erasing or laying over what was there. This, and the
grid are only available with 32K.
Maybe the best feature of all is the program does not lose
its screens if you BREAK and then restart. Your screen can
be saved to tape or disk (and printed out with the inclusion
of a screen print driver not supplied with this package).
On the negative side, the program divides the screen up
into smaller blocks and you have to "jump" around from
one to the other with the arrow keys. This is not as difficult
as it seems, but does take some getting used to.
There are 14 half-pages of documentation included — an
adequate amount for a program like this. We wish some
sections were a little more clear, but the instructions, on the
whole, are better than most.
This is a fine program which does a good job and should
provide a great deal of enjoyment and utility (at a reasonable
price) for those who wish to draw either complicated pieces
or experiment with art on the highest resoulution graphic
screen.
(Zeta Software, P.O. Box 3522, Greenville, SC 29608-
3522, $16.95 for 16K, $19.95 for 32K, $22.95 f or 32K disk
plus $2.50 s/h))
ENTER THE FASCINATING WORLD OF
GAME WRITER™
A SIMPLE TO USE PROGRAM FOR YOUR COLOR COMPUTER
For writing super-action video games with
motion and sound
For creating high resolution animated
graphics scenes
For experimenting with color, shapes,
motion and sound
For amateur or professional cartooning or
commercial game authoring
For the absolute beginner and for the
expert programmer
GAME WRITER is a programming language with all the
features you need to write great VIDEO GAMES. It includes a
built-in screen oriented text editor, high resolution color
graphics support, any number of player-shapes (SPRITES), a
shape pattern editor, full TURTLE GRAPHICS, sound effects,
support for joy sticks and much, much more. Each player-
shape can be given a program to run which tells it what to do.
Ali the player programs run simultaneously to create fan-
tastic game effects. GAME WRITER IS GUARANTEED EASY
TO USE. Even if you have never written a program of any kind
you will amaze your family, your friends and yourself with the
fantastic things you can do with it. The package includes a
GAME WRITER rom pak, a complete easy to read manual and
a set of sample programs ready to run. GAME WRITER is a
great programming language for a child or an adult. GAME
WRITER requires a minimum of 16K. Extended BASIC is not
required.
PRICE $129
Orders must be prepaid via check,
money order or major bank card. Phone
orders accepted for bank cards only—
COD orders not accepted. Quantity dis-
counts available. Orders outside U.S.
add $5 shipping. WA state residents
add 6.3% sales tax. Add 2 weeks for
delivery if paid by personal check.
WASHINGTON
COMPUTER SERVICES
3028 SILVERN LANE
BELLINGHAM, WA 98226
1 (206) 734-8248
RAINBOW
Page 76
the RAINBOW
December, 1982
Games...
From Out ojWi
Comes ^ms Dexterity Tq/kt
J.E. Bennett and C.E. Laid law
Parachum Jump is a one-player game whictaffll test your
manual de^erity with the right joystick on jJf 6K extended
basic may^ffte. The program uses just overfvK of memory.
The ojflect of this game from J ARB Software is to land on
the landing pad, or as close to it a^lii^, while avoiding
the boml^^roDped by an invisiblTmad bomber. You must
allow for tTfS ™ in md^m^tmuv decent.
The score from^^r last jump and your total score are
shown in the upper left-hand corner of the screen, while the
wind speed (0-5 MPH), direction, and number of times the
mad bomber has hit you are shown in the upper right-hand
corner of the screen. When you are ready, push the joystick
button to jump, and then control your descent with the
joystick. Left and right will control your direction, while up
and down control the speed of your descent (up=slow and
down=fast). If^puwish^you may let the demo counter count
down, and tMfeprDgr^fnwTtl^iter the demonstration mode.
Entering a "fe" at any time wfrtW:ND the program.
Don't getftoo close to the sideaof the screen or you'll be
"shocked" byjhe results. Oh yes, oke final warning — beware
of the occasional lightning bolt wiich cannot be escaped!
All of you BAsiC programmerllmay feel free to use any
of the subroutineVJiaff] Pqyyrfylte Jump in your own
programs. In particular, ytramight take a close look at the
scoring routine (lines 490-610). Have fun with Parachute
Jump, and let us know here at J ARB Inc. what you think of
this contribution.
For those of you who may not wish to type the program in
yourself, it is available on cassette from J ARB Inc. for $9.95
plus $2.00 for shipping and handling.
The listing:
1 ****************
2 * * *
3 '* PARACHUTE JUMP *
4 ** BY *
5 ' * J ARB SOFTWARE *
6 '* <C) JARB SOFTWARE 1982 *
7 '* *
8'***************
10 PM0DE4: PCLS
20 DIMA<78) ,B<78) ,N*<9) ,N<80) , Al
<4) :ht=40:m=i:dm=0:t=0
30 GOSUB660 : FOR I = 1 T03 1 : PLAY " 02V "
+STR* < I ) +" T255GCAE" : NEXT
40 CLS: PR I NTQ233, "PARACHUTE JUMP
" : PR I NTT AB < 6 ) " < C ) J ARB SOFTWARE
1982" : GOSUB690: GOSUB510
50 SCORE=0:DRIFT=RND<10)-5:H=128
: V=65
60 GOSUB470:GOSUB490
70 GOSUB750
80 PM0DE4: PCLS
90 DRAW " A0BM 1 28 , 96U2L3H2U 1 D 1 F2R6
fe2UlDlG2L3D3G2D2L2R2U2E2F2D2R2
100 CIRCLE< 128,92) ,2:FORI=1TO20:
CIRCLE < 128, 78) ,1,1,-8,-5, UNEXT:
FORI=108TO148STEP6: CIRCLE < 1 , 78) ,
2, 0: NEXT
110 LINE<110,78)-(123,93) ,PSETIL
INE<116,78)-<123,93) ,PSET:LINE<1
i3, 78) - < 123, 93) , PSET: LINE < 128, 78
- < 123, 93) , PSET: LINE < 128, 78) - < 13
,93) , PSET: LINE < 133, 78) -< 133, 93)
, PSET : L I NE < 1 40 , 78 ) - < 1 33 , 93 ) , PSET
: LINE < 146, 78) -(133, 93) , PSET
120 GET<95,55)-<161, 101 ) , A,G:PCL
S
130 GOSUB1030
140 LINE<0,22)-<255,22) , PSET
150 LINE<124, 189)-<132, 191) , PSET
, BF : DRAW " A0BM90 ,191 U8R2F3G3L2D2B
R77U8L2G3F3R2"
160 GOSUB620
1 70 DRAW " A " +STR* < AN ) + " BM2 1 8 , 6U5G
1 80 I FSCORE< 0THENDRAW " A0BM67 , 1 5R
5"
190 SCREEN 1 , 0: GOSUB1070
200 IFDM=100THEN220
210 CIRCLE < 128, 5) ,2, l: CIRCLE (128
,5) ,3, l: CIRCLE < 128, 5) ,2,0: CIRCLE
<128,5) ,3,0: IF PEEK < 65280) =127 O
R PEEK < 65280) =255 THEN 210
220 PLAY " 03 V30T255EEADDDV20EEADD
V 1 0EEADDV30DDDDD"
230 IFDM=100THEN240ELSE250
240 GOSUB1180:GOTO280
250 IFDF=3THENH=H+INT < JOYSTK <0) /
10) -3ELSEH=H+INT (JOYSTK <0) /6- 3) -
5
260 IFFDM=100THEN280
270 V=V+INT<JOYSTK<1)/10)-1
280 A*= I NKEY$ : IFA$="Q " THEN 1 020
290 H=H+DRIFT
300 I FH< 35THEN460ELSE I FH >220THEN
460
310 PUT < H-33 , V-4 1 ) - < H+33 , V+5 ) , A ,
320 LB=RND<1000) : IFLB>=999THENG0
SUB 1090
330 IFV>90THENGOSUB760
340 PLAY ,, O1V30T255L255B"
350 IFDF=3THENV=V-i-3ELSEV=V+2
360 IFV>=186THEN380
[,370 GOTO230
380 H1=ABS<H-128)
390 SCORE=SCORE+<1000-<H1*10) > :L
S= < 1000- <H1*10) > +SS: SS=0
400 IFLS=1000THEN410ELSE420
410 FORBONUS= 1 T03 : PLAY " O " +STR^ < 2
+BONUS) +" V30T8L8DEFFGBDDCCEAA" : N
EXT:GOTO450
420 IFLS>950THEN430ELSE440
ExIBMer (NOW RETIRED)
For the FIRST TIME - Makes available to the PUBLIC
His personal collection of superior programs for the
TRS-80 COLOR
SEE HOW THE PROFESSIONALS DO IT! !
ALL PROGRAMS ARE OVER 14K LONG! !
TALKING GRAPHIC DEMONSTRATION
Like no other Computer Program that ever existed! Your CoCo will talk to you with a beautiful musical
background and tell all about himself while displaying dozens of action packed hi-resolution graphic demon-
strations. Programs RUN non-stop for 12 FANTASTIC minutes from 1 CLOAD.
"This demonstration is MANDITORY. You and your CoCo deserve this program. "
Quote The Rainbow. $24.95T *
THE DISK DOCTOR — Cure that sick feeling and utter frustration caused by CRASHED I/O
ERROR and UNREADABLE disks. Will SALVAGE M/L, BASIC, DATA, ASCII, even MPP Pictures. Menu driven for
easy use. 100% visable operation lets you see what you are doing.
Automatic SALVAGE to NEW disk. All in OPEN BASIC! $49.95D *
MPP-TUTORIAL — Programming tool of the professionals — "lets you EASILY create superior
graphics without using the tedious DRAW, PAINT, LfNE, PSET, CIRCLE, etc. commands. I have seen the results,
and they are INCREDIBLE — If you want to see and use the full graphic m Art
potential of your CoCo, this program is — REQUIRED!" Quote Chromasette. $34.95T 0
EL CASINO — Three STARTLING action packed hi-res graphic games that have received
reviews. All programmed with MPP. Each game is over 14K long. ^
All three games below $49-95T 01
DICE GAME — The ONLY crap game that allows 4 players to make
12 Field Bets before every roll
BLACK JACK - Gives you the FAMOUS CARD COUNTER
sold for hundreds of dollars elsewhere
S24.95T o
SLOT MACHINE — Looks like a $30,000 Casino machine.
Sounds like one, too. Adjustable pay-off
$24.95T o
S24.95T o
D*
RAVE
D*
-■
HAiMftOM
— ■ A -
D* ^
D* ^
★ T=16K EXTENDED
★ D - 32K-DOS
★ POSTAGE PAID
SUPERIOR GBHPHIC
406 LITTLE MOUNTAIN ROAD - WAYNESVILLE, N. C. - 28786
Page 78
the RAINBOW
December, 1982
430 FOR 1=1 T025STEP2 : SOUND 1*10,1:
NEXT:GOTO450
440 SOUND 10, 1 : SOUND 100, 1 : SOUND 19
9, 1 : SOUND200, 1 : SOUND201 , 1 : SOUND1
50,4
450 HT=40:DRIFT=RND(10)-5:GOSUB4
70: H=128: V=65: PCLS: GOSUB490: GOSU
B640: GOSUB850: Q=H+ (RND <6 ) -3 ) : GOT
0140
460 EW=EW+ 1 : LS=-500 : SCORE=SCORE-
500: F0REL=1T015: SCREEN 1 , 1 : SCREEN
1 , 0: S0UND254, 1 : NEXT: GOTO450
470 I FDR I FT < 0THEN AN=3ELSE I FDR I FT
>0THENAN= 1 ELSE AN=0
480 RETURN
490 gosub1030: fs*=str* (score) : fo
ri=2t0len(fs*) : f1*=mid* (fs*, 1,1)
: p0*= " a0s4bm " +str* ( (1*10) +55 ) + " ,
19":drawpo*+n*(val(fi*) > :nexti
J.500 RETURN
510 N*(0)="U7R4D7L4"
520 N*(1)="R4BL2U7L1G1"
530 N*(2)="BR4L4U1E4U1H1L2G1"
540 N*(3)="BU1F1R2E1U2H1L1E2U1L4
ii
560
570
590
N* ( 4 ) = " BR4U7BD4L4U4 "
N* ( 5 ) = " BU 1 F 1 R2E 1 U2H 1 L3U3R4 "
N$ (6) =" BU7D7R4U3L4 "
N* < 7 ) = " BU5U2R4D7 "
N* < 8 ) = " U7R4D3L4BR4D4L4 "
• • *
• •
w
• * 4
.'.•I
• * ■
• • ■
' • li
• •
V."
• • ■
* ■
• * •
• • •
* *
ft ■ ■
• • •
* •
• ft ft
I *
* • t
■ •
■ •
* •
* *
* •
• *
• *
■ • ■
■ • *
.V
ft *
ft ft I
• •
■ • *
■ • *
■ • •
■.v
F • *
• •
ft •
ft ■
i t •
4 »
Computer Peripheral
S V4" Disk Drive Power Supplies
•Guaiantoed in writing for 120 days
•Cases accommodate all standard 5W drives
•Over current and over voltage Protection.
'■ealer inquiries invited
•Cnll or wr ite foi quantity discounts
2 New Shugart Drive
1 Dual P/S H or V
1 Two Drive Cable
$489.95
Dual Power Supplies
• Horizontal — 12x12x3 1 / 2
•Vertical — 7x12x6 .
•Open Frame — 7x2x3 w/o-case
•Single Horiz. P/S —
6x12x3 1 /2
• Custom 4' 2-Drive Cable
• 4-Drive Cable
•Dual Case. Horiz. or Vert.
(w/oP/S)
• Single Case, Horiz. (w/o P/S) . . .
•Shugart 5 Va Disk Drive
SA 405 — 6ms T-T. SS. SD or DD
$74.95
$74.95
$59.95
$44.95
$21,00
$32.00
$24.95
$18.95
$204.95
Terms: Personal checks allow 14 days. COD.
M.D.. Certified Checks. ..Credit Cards add 3°/o
Shipping and Handling: $3.00 West and $6.00
East states. All shipping USP surface other
means extra
Send to:
C.P.H.
P.O. Box 834, or call...
Oak Harbof, WA 9A277 (206 ) 679 4797
■ • i
i • •
• • i
I ■ !
* • •
• • •
.V.
• • ■
• ♦ •
• • •
> * l
■Si
&
*>:
■ i ■
s 4 I
■ > ■
600 N*(9)="BU4U3R4D3L4BR4D4"
610 RETURN
I 620 I FDR I FT< 0THEND9=DR I FT*— 1 ELSE
D9=DRIFT
630 F*=STR*(D9) : P*=" A0C1S4BM225,
9" : DRAWPS+N* < VAL (F*) > +"BM235, 9U4
F2E2D4BR4U4R2D2L2D2BR6U4D2R4U2D4
" : RETURN
640 I FLS< 0THENMN*= " C4A0C 1 BM67 , 6R
5"ELSEMN*=" "
650 LS*=STR*(LS) : F0RI=2T0LEN (LS*
) : F2*=MID* (LS*, 1,1): Pl*=" A0S4BM"
+STR* ((1*10) +55) + " , 9 " : DRAWMNS+Pl
*+N* ( VAL ( F2* ) > : NEXT I : RETURN
' 660 CLS : PR I NTQ20 1 , " J ARB SOFTWAR
E " : PR I NT : PR I NTT AB (12)" PRESENTS "
* 670 FOR I =3 1 TO 1 STEP- 1 : PLAY " 02V " +S
TR* ( I ) +"T255EDBF" : NEXT
"680 RETURN
y 690 FORTD=1TO800: NEXT: CLS: PRINT©
224, "DO YOU WISH A DIFFICULT GAM
E OR AN EASY GAME <D OR E>"
700 A*=INKEY*
710 T=T+ 1 : PLAY " V30O 1 T255B " : PR I NT
@ 165," COUNT UNTIL DEMO =";(500-T
) : ift>500THENDM=100:df=5:t=0:got
0730
720 A*=INKEY*: IFA*=" "THEN710ELSE
I FA*= " D " THENDF=3ELSE I FA*= " E " THEN
DF=5ELSEGOTO710
J 730 CLS : PR I NT@224 , " THANKS . . . WE ' L
L START IN A SECOND"
j 740 RETURN
750 Q=H+(RND(6)-3) : DRAW'Cl A1BM12
8 , 96H2G2F2E2L4H2F2G2 " : GET ( 1 24 , 80
) - ( 132, 97) , Al , G: PCLS: RETURN
760 HT=HT+10
770 IF Q<H THEN Q=Q+1 ELSE IF Q>
H THEN Q=Q-1
780 IFHT>191THEN840
790 I FPPO I NT ( Q , HT X >0THEN800ELSE
810
800 I FHT< 1 80THENSCORE=SCORE- 1 000
: BC=BC+1 : SS=-1000: GOTO830
810 PUT (Q-4, HT-16)- (Q+4, HT) ,A1,P
j
I
820 RETURN
830 PUT (Q-4 , HT-16) - (Q+4 , HT) , Al , A
nd: fore=ito20STEP5: sound i , 1 : circ
le (q, ht) , e, 1 , 1 : next: fore=1to20: c
ircle (q, ht) , e, 0, 1 : next: gosub880:
q=h+ ( rnd ( 6 ) -3 ) : ht=40: return
840 put (q-4, ht-16)- (q+4, ht) ,a1, a
nd: f0rtd=1t02: circle (q, ht) ,4, l:p
lay "01 v30t200ev25e v20e v 1 5e v 1 0e v5
ev30b" : circle (q, ht) , 4, 0: nexttd: g
osub880 : q=h+ ( rnd ( 6 ) -3 ) : ht=40 : ret
URN
850 I FBC< =0ORBC >3THEN860ELSEFORT
D=l TO BC:DRAW"C1A1BM"+STR*(210+
INSTANT INVERSION
("photo-negative")
"Electronic"
SAMPLE PICTURE
INCLUDED WITH
GRAPH PACKAGE
WHO NEEDS A GRAPHICS TABLET?
Get GRAPH16 or GRAPH32 and YOU won't! For l/20th the cost, you can have
10 times the "power" of a tablet and a simple program.
Most of the 80C's EXTENDED BASIC features are here in 16K:
and Machine Language:
n customize at ANYtime
AND
*Point SET and RESET
*LINE and LINE/BOX
*CIRCLE, oval, and arc
*PAINT inside borders
PLUS some extra "goodies" in BASIC
*§0 HIRES characters that you can
and put ANYwhere on your "32x24" screen
*Instant screen inversion ("photo-negative")
*6x6-point block-erase
*Fast or Slow "Freehand"
*Save, Load, or Print your pictures
in the 32K version, you get these additional features:
M0x40-po1nt block-move, and
*A 20x20-point "vanishing" grid overlay for EXACT
cursor-point positioning.
GRAPH16 / GRAPH32
ONLY FROM
7 ETA
Software*!*
Zeta Software
P.O. BOX 3522
GREENVILLE SC
RAINBOW
COTIFICATION
SIAL
29608
In short, why draw on paper just to enter a HIRES picture into your 80C when
you can "draw" right on the screen? Again, who needs a tablet? (Especially since
you'd have to load a program ANYway and make extra room for the hardware!)
Extended BASIC & joystick required.
VERSION PRICE
GRAPH16 16K-cassette $16.95
GRAPH32 32K-cassette 19.95
GRAPH32 32K-disk 22.95
*A11 3 versions use PMODE 4 only,
so use of a B&W TV is highly
recommended. Also, to printout
your pictures, you will need an
LP VII and Screen Print Routine
from Radio Shack.
*Please allow 4 weeks for checks.
ORDER BLANK
Enclosed is $ for copy(ies) of GRAPH plus
$2.50 Shipping & Handling.
Send the version to:
NAME
ADDRESS
CITY/STATE
ZIP
Mail ORDER BLANK (or copy) and payment to:
ZETA SOFTWARE PO Box 3522 Greenville, SC 29608
Page 80
the RAINBOW
December, 1982
<TD*7> > +" , 19H2G2F2E2L4H2F2G2" : NE
XT: RETURN
860 I FBC< =0THENRETURN
870 GOTO940
880 IF V<HT THEN 930 ELSE GET<H-
33, V-41)-<H+33, V+5) ,B,G
890 V=V+8: IFVM83THENRETURN
900 PUT<H-33, V-41)-<H+33, V+5) ,B,
910 PLAY " O5V20T255EEE A A AEEE "
920 IFV<183THEN890
930 RETURN
940 gosubiii0:fortd=ito500:next:
cls:print@32, " final game r
esults":print@96, "total bomb hit
s =";bc: print: print" total sho
cks =";ew:print:print h final
SCORE ="; SCORE
950 PRINT@288,FE*
960 PRINT: PRINT"DO YOU WISH TO P
LAY AGAIN <Y/N)?"
970 PRINTQ426, "PARACHUTE JUMP":P
RINTTAB <6) " <C) JARB SOFTWARE 198
2"
980 A*=INKEY*
990 IFDM=100THEN1000ELSE1010
New! For Your
Color Computer
FROG-TREK
(the arcade game)
You may be able to guide your frog through 6 lanes
of rush hour traffic, but that isn't enough! You
must also cross the river by jumping on logs and
turtles to get Froggie safely to his home on the other
side. But watch out for the snake! And don 7 jump
on the industrial waste.
A great M/L game at a great price $14.95. Uses hi-
resolution graphics and requires 16K. Arrows on
keyboard move frog- no joy-sticks required.
Send check or money order for $16.50 (includes
shipping) to:
OELRICH PUBLICATIONS
4040 N. Nashville
Chicago, IL 60634
^viru Hue
1 000 FORTD= 1 TO2000 : NEXT : RUN
1010 A*= I NKEY$ : I FA$= " " THEN 101 0EL
SE I FA$= " Y " THENRUN
1020 CLS: PRINT@224, "THANKS ANYWA
Y BYE FOR NOW":FORI=1TO500:NE
XT: FOR I =0TO 1 9 : CLS : PRINTQ224+I , "J
ARB SOFTWARE"; : FORTD=1TO10: NEXTT
D: NEXT: SOUND 1 , 1 : FORI=19TO0STEP-1
: CLS: PRINTQ224+I , "JARB SOFTWARE"
; : fortd=itoi0: nexttd: next: soundi
, 10: cls: END
1 030 A$= " A0BM 1 , 1 8BR3U5L2R4BR3D5R
3U5L3BR6R4BL2D5BR5U5R3D5BU3L3BR6
U2D5R3BR6R3U3L3U2R3BR3R3BL3D5R3B
R3U5R3D5L3BR6U5R3D2L3BR 1 F2D 1 BR3R
3BL3U3R2BL2U2R3
| 1040 B$="BM9,8U5BD5R3BR3U5R3D2L2
BR2D3BR3R3U3L3U2R3BR3R4BL2D5BR8R
3U3L3U2R3BR3R3BL3D5R3BR3U5R3D5L3
BR6U5R3D2L3BR 1 F2D 1 BR3R3BL3U3R2BL
2U2R3
1050 C*="BM185,4D4F1E1U1D1F1E1U4
BR3D5BR3U5F2D 1 F2U5BR3D5R2E 1 U3H 1 L
2
1060 d*="bm185, 18u5d2r3u2d5br4u5
br3r4l2d5br5r3u3l3u2r3
1070 drawa*:drawc*:drawb*:drawd*
I 1080 RETURN
1090 EW=EW+1
1100 L1=RND<255) :L2=RND<255) :L3=
RND <255) : F0RTB=1T04: LINE <0, 24) - <
LI, 56) ,PSET:LINE-<L2,88) ,PSET:LI
NE-<L3, 115) ,PSET:LINE-<H,V) , PSET
: PLAY"01 V30T255D" : LINE- <L3, 115),
PRESET : L I NE- < L2 , 88 ) , PRESET : L I NE-
<L1, 56) , PRESET: LINE- <0, 24) , PRESE
\^T: NEXT: SCORE=SCORE - 1 000 : RETURN
t
1110 I FSCORE< = 1 000THENFE*= " BETTE
R STICK TO WALKING"
1120 IFSCORE>1000ANDSCORE<=5000T
HENFE*="FAIR SKILL LEVEL, BUT NO
T GREAT"
1130 IFSCORE>5000ANDSCORE<=10000
THENFE^=" GREAT SCORE, YOU HAVE P
OTENTIAL"
1140 I FSCORE > 1 0000ANDSCORE< =2000
0THENFE$= "EX CELLENT , YOU'RE READ
Y TO ENTERCOMPET I T I ON , AND MAYBE
WIN TOO"
1 1 50 I FSCORE >20000ANDSCORE< =3000
0THENFE*="YOU SHOULD BE TEACHING
SKYDIVING"
1 1 60 I FSCORE >30000THENFE*= " YOUR
PERFORMANCE IS UNEQUALED"
1170 RETURN
1180 IF Q>V THEN V=V+1 ELSE V=V+
4
1190 IF HT>H THEN H=H+2 ELSE H=H
-2
1200 RETURN ^
NEW for the Color Computer TRS-80
COCOCASSETTE' SUBSCRIPTION SOFTWARE
*TRS-80 IS A TRADEMARK OF TANDY COMPANY
RAINBOW
CERTIFICATION
SEAL
ENJOY A MONTHLY COLLECTION OF 8-10 PROGRAMS!
Including games, education, home finance and more;
on cassette for as low as $5.00 a month! Add some ac-
tion and imagination to your Color Computer. . . Best of
all, we do the work!
LOOK AT SOME OF THE LETTERS WE RECEIVED FROM OUR SUBSCRIBERS.
"I just thought I'd let you know that your cassettes arrive in good order, load just fine, and I really enjoy your programs!"
MARION. OHIO
"I was extremely impressed by the first tape I received from you. The added extras are just super."
WILLOW GROVE, PENNSYLVANIA
"Seldom do I ever write a fan letter. Usually if something is good, nothing is ever said. I just renew the subscription or buy
the product instead. T6-D is an exception. I subscribe to several
cassette computer magazines. Yours is certainly the most creative. i PRICES
The covers are original and clever. The material covered is _ / _ ff| ,,- rN ^ c c r\r\
excellent! pine bluff Arkansas 1 YR (1 2 ISSUES) . . 50v).L)L)
"I only entered a six-month trial but am already willing to extend my , . A ^ , . irciirc\ C nn r\r\
subscription!' ooltewah, Tennessee U MU \0 I JjULjj . . fcJU.UU
SINGLE COPIES. . $ 6.00
—MICHIGAN RESIDENTS. ADD 4% TO ORDER.
—OVERSEAS: ADD $10 00 TO SUBSCRIPTION AND $1 00 TO
SINGLE COPIES.
61 6 396-7577
PROGRAMS ARE FOR
EXTENDED BASIC
MODEL ONLY. ISSUES
ARE SENT FIRST CLASS.
SUBSCRIPTION SOFTWARE
IMMEDIATE SHIPMENT!
PERSONAL CHECKS WELCOMED!
SEND CHECK OR MONEY ORDER TO:
VISA
®
. :-:■:-:-:■:■:-:-:■:■>:•:■:-:-:■:
T 6 D SOFTWARE P.O. BOX 256-C • HOLLAND, MICH 49420
Page 82
the RAINBOW
December, 1982
Software Review...
Worksaver Has Large
Number Of Fine Features
There are a number of products on the CoCo marketthat
will provide automatic entry of keywords, auto line
numbering and the like. Some of them are very good while
others are only fair. But the Worksaver ranks up there with
the best of them.
This fine utility is really a combination of keyword input
and screen editing utilities. It has most of the features of
both kinds of programs and, while the instruction set takes
some getting used to, it does provide a great number of
options for almost every use in the creation and editing of
Basic programs.
Don't expect to sit down in one shot and understand all
that is available with the Worksaver. It is just not possible.
On the other hand, there are so many features that there is
certainly something f or everyone and f or those who finally
master all the commands, the program will perform
yoemanlike service.
Accept as a given that the Worksaver will perform the
"normal" things you expect from a program of this sort.
Those things are full screen editing, two-stroke keywords (a
control key and a letter key) and automatic line numbering.
A short word about both should be sufficient.
This program has two control keys, CLEAR and
BREAK. So, each key can be defined twice. For instance,
pressing CLEAR and then the letter "R" will generate the
keyword READ. If you press BREAK and the letter "R"
instead, you get the keyword DATA. This means a large
number of commands can be included on the keyboard.
FUNDS AND STOCKS!
n — i — | — i — | — r
T
FUNDGRRF
MRRK
PROGRRN
COLOR
— R STOCK
RNRLYS I 3
OR 1 6K EX
OMPUTER
TRS-88 COLOR COMPUTER ■ TM TRHDY CORP
ii i i i i i i i i
FUNDGRRF-16K EXTENDED BRSIC REQ'D.
THIS PROGRAM COMPARES THE PERFORMANCE DURING
THE LAST 70 WEEKS OF ANY 7 FUNDS OR STOCKS YOU
WANT . COMPUTER N ILL PRINT PRICE, DRAW A LINE
GRAPH OF ANY FUND. SUPERIMPOSE A LINE SHOWING
ANY STATED PER CENT GAIN OR LOSS OVER GRAPH OF
FUND IN ORDER TO COMPARE WITH THE FUND, SUPER-
IMPOSE A GRAPH OF ANOTHER FUND FOR COMPARISON,
CALCULATE AND TABULATE >. CHANGE OF ALL SEVEN
FUNDS FOR ANY TIME PERIOD. MOVING AVERAGE IS
CALCULATED FOR ANY SPAN YOU WANT RND BUY AND
SELL SIGNRLS RRE INDICRTED BASED ON MOV AVGS.
>>F0R A TAPE OF <FUNDGRAF> SEND ^-^S* - 35
PLUS ^3. SHIPPING & HANDLING T0=
PRRSOMS SOFTWRRE
118 WOODSH I RE DR I VE ^inbow
PRRKERSBURG, WV 2610l"«
FOR A DETAILED REVIEW OF < FUNDGRAF > PROGRAM
SEND A SELF ADDRESSED STAMPED ENVELOPE.
$$$
As to the full screen editor, this will be a different
experience for those of you used to Basic's line editor. Want
to change the line a couple of lines up? Simple use the arrow
keys to move the cursor to the appropriate place and make
the change. This is not only a lot easier, it is vastly faster, too.
Having said that, it is important to bring in some of the
enhancements afforded by the line editor. Simple things like
changing line numbers, joining lines together, breaking
them apart, duplicating them elsewhere. This is heady
stuff — it is very easy to do with the Worksaver, yet offers
some very powerful alternatives.
Before we forget it, you keep all this straight with a
keyboard overlay. Truth: The Worksaver 's overlay is the
best we have seen for this type of program. It is light blue
with colored keywords and the line^making it very easy to
read (even though it is complicated at first glance).
Given all of those things, and they are pretty significant in
themselves, we'll talk about some of the other things the
Worksaver can handle.
One of the things which intrigued us the most is a
capability called dynamic input. We liked dynamic input a
lot for one simple reason: How many times have you, like us,
had to input a numerical value that required an arithmatic
expression, something like 25 plus 33? An input without the
Worksaver required us to add that figure in our heads — with
dynamic input, we merely enter the expression as "25+33."
This works with strings as well.
Dynamic editing allows you to make corrections to
programs without losing the value of variables and arrays
while the program is running. This is a major plus in
debugging, especially when, in writing a program, you have
to load data from tape. It can save a lot of time in the data
loads, alone — not to mention the generation of data through
inputs.
The dynamic editing is not all-inclusive and there are
some catches you will have to observe. For instance, if you
encounter an error while in the middle of a data read, you
will have to decide whether to RESTORE the data or not.
Still, this is a most useful utility.
A third very useful element is a full screen array editor.
Yes, we said an array editor. The Worksaver actually lets
you enter items from tape into an array, edit the items in the
array, and then save them back to tape. Nifty.
Oh yes, we should mention the use of a "numeric keypad"
as part of the program. Several of the keys are redefined to
be numbers along the lines of the keypads on the model
11/16 and Model III. However, since, the keys on a
typewriter keyboard are offset somewhat, you do not have
the true keypad effect necessary to get a great deal of benefit
from this feature.
Documentation for the Worksaver comes in a booklet of
28 full-sized typeset pages. In addition, there is an
addendum of two pages from a line printer. The authors
have done a better-than-adequate job of explaining all the
features of the program, including a number of good
examples. A little better layout and consistancy of style
would have been good, but, on the whole, the instructions
are above average.
We were pleased with the quality and professionalism of
the Worksaver. This is an excellent utility which will save
you hours of programming time. The many capabilities
make it appear complicated at first, but a little work with the
Worksaver will save you hours of work in the writing and
debugging of your own programs.
(Platinum Software, P.O. Box 833, Pittsburgh, NY
12901, $30 plus $3 s/h)
—John H. Tyler
" TRS-80 COLOR COMPUTER PRODUCTS "
" THE 1248-EP EPROM PROGRAMMER "
The 1 248-EP EPROM PROGRAMMER is a full function unit that is
compatible with virtually all popular 1 K, 2K, 4K & 8K -by-8, 24 pin, 5
volt EPROMS. Compatible devices are 2508's, 2758 -O/1's,
2516's, 271 B's, 2532's, 68732-0/1's, 68764's, and 68766's.
Components 2732, 2732A, 2564, and 2764 are compatible via
adapters (not supplied]. The programmer is totally menu driven by
resident position independent firmware in EPROM, which makes it
suitable for experienced computer operators and novices alike.
Select the device type to be programmed from the device menu.
Next, select the function to be performed from the function menu.
On your command the 1 248-EP will verify EPROM erasure, com-
pare EPROM contents to specified contents of RAM or ROM,
program blocks or individual bytes of EPROM memory or copy an
EPROM's contents to user specified RAM.
The 1 248-EP plugs into the cartridge slot of the Color Computer
and is invoked by the user with the "EXEC & HCOOO" BASIC com-
mand. The 1 24B-EP contains its own on-board programming power
supply, and has a quality "Zero Insertion Force" socket.
The combination of the TRS-BO Color Computer , an editor/as-
sembler/monitor such as the Micro Works SDS80C-X--X- and the
1248-EP EPROM programmer, makes a high performance, cost
effective software development station for MC-6800/6809
microprocessor based systems. Use the system to store your own
games or utility programs in EPROM's for execution from the cart-
ridge slot using the CK4 PROM/RAM card described below.
The cost of the 1248-EP EPROM PROGRAMMER, instructions
and adapter diagrams is just $99.95.
if
THE CK4 PROM/ROM CARD"
TheCK4 works with 2K.4K or 8K-by-8 ROM's or EPROM'softhe 5
volt only variety in 24 pin packages. In addition, the CK4 may be used
with 4 static RAM's such as 6116's to expand the computers
memory work space by 81 92 bytes. Each of the four on-board soc-
kets can be decoded to any 2K block of the memory map from
$COOO through $F800 of the Color Computer. In addition, each
socket can be configured to respond to address blocks from 2K to
8K bytes in length, thus accommodating 2K, 4K or 8K-by-8 ROM's,
EPROM's or RAM's. ROM and RAM can be mixed on the card as
well. RAM, on the card, can be written to and then "write protected"
via dip switches on the CK4 to emulate ROM.
The instructions include information on how to set up the socket
decoding circuitry and how to provide battery backup for programs
stored in CMOS static RAM on the CK4 with the computer off or
the cartridge removed.
The popular CK4 PROM/RAM card is now available in three
versions.
1] The full featured CK4 remains the standard of cartridge board
flexibility with the added capability of providing battery backup for
CMOS static RAM's such as 61 1 6's. Cost of the CK4 is still just
$29.95.
2] The CK4-1 is a ROM only version of the CK4 card for use with
CoCo's with later than "E series" circuit boards. These later ver-
sions of CoCo are not able to write to cartridge based RAM without
modification. Cost is $27.95 for the CK4-1 .
3) The CK4-2 is the unpopulated CK4 series circuit board only. Buy
this version of the CK4 and configure them to meet your specific
requirements at a price designed to stretch your dollars value. Cost
is $15.95 each.
"MORSE
Jill"
The MEDK80 Morse En/Decoder Kit consists of a machine code
software driver on tape, a schematic diagram of the interface cir-
cuitry, component parts, a printed circuit board (PCBJ, packaging
suggestions and complete instructions for building a Morse code
transmission and reception system that is compatible with 4K
RAM and up models of the TRS-80 Color Computer .
The transmitter/receiver interface circuitry is totally optically
isolated and is, therefore, compatible with all receivers and trans-
mitters. Transmitter and receiver both connect to the interface
unit and to the Color Computer via the RS-232 port.
The MEDK80 Morse En/Decoder kit operates at speeds up to 70
words per minute and automatically adapts to speed variations of
the sender. When transmitting, words are transmitted only when
fully formed, i.e., followed by a space, and the transmit text buffer
gives visual notification to the operator of what word/ character is
currently being sent. In addition, the text buffer is 512 characters
deep, which is sufficiently large to keep up with the best of "rag-
chewers".
Potential purchasers of this product should have previous kit
building experience. However, this is not a kit of great complexity,
and is well within the abilities of those actively involved in amateur
radio or electronic hobbies to construct. To reduce the chance of
wiring errors, component placement is indicated on the PCB and
detailed assembly instructions are included.
The cost of the MEDK80 software, parts, and instructions is
$39.95.
" COCO" GETS A BREADBOARD
TheCOCO BREADBOARD is a circuit board that plugsdirectly into
the cartridge slot of the Color Computerand provides the userwith
16 square inches of predrilled breadboarding area for circuit de-
velopment, interfacing experiments, motherboard implementation,
or whatever your imagination conjures up. The plated thru holes in
the breadboard are wirewrap pin compatible and on 0.10 inch
centers.
The COCO BREAD BOARD brings all of the data, address, and con-
trol signals available at the cartridge slot outside of the body of the
computer and the signal lines are appropriately labeled to facilitate
error free wiring of breadboards. A ground plane is provided on the
top side of the board and solder pads are provided on the bottom of
the board, thus facilitating circuit grounding and point-to-point
wiring. In short, the COCO BREADBOARD was designed with the
experimenter in mind.
The COCO BREADBOARD is attractively priced to justify its use
for even the lowest budget projects. It is an ideal vehicle for learning
interfacing techniques. Buy extras to have on hand for those rainy
weekends.
The COCO BREADBOARD costs just $1 9.95. Price for two (2) or
more is $1 6 95 each.
FACTORY FRESH COMPO
ITEM
2716 EPROM
2532 EPROM
682 1P
74LS156
Socket
DESCRIPTION
2K by 8 Bit, 350 ns
4K by 8 bit, 350 ns
P.I.A.
Open collector decoder
ZIF, 24 pin, Aries
Minimum component order: $25.00
PRICE
$4.50 ea.
$6.50 ea.
$3.50 ea.
$1.70 ea.
$7.95 ea.
ORDERING INFORMATION :
Add $3.00 to all orders to cover shipping and handling. Allow two
weeks for personal checks. Canadian residents add 5°/o to cover
special handling. Arizona residents add 4°/o sales tax. Sorry! No
charges accepted. All items shipped UPS.
Make checks payable to:
COMPUTER ACCESSORIES OF ARIZONA
5801 E. VOLTAIRE DRIVE
SCOTTSDALE, ARIZONA 85254
16021 886-7568
-)(- TRS-80 is a trademark of TANDY CORP.
SDS80C is a trademark of the MICRO WORKS.
Prices subject to change without notice.
Page 84
the RAINBOW
December, 1 982
Software Review...
Game Writer Is An
Excellent Utility For CoCo
D o we call this a game o r a utility? W e are not really sure,
but Game Writer is an excellent program that will provide a
great deal of enjoyment and has the advantage of being fun
in both the creating and "final result" aspect of things as
well.
For these purpooses, I suppose that Game Writer is a
utility. After all, it does create things — or allow CoCo to do
things which it otherwise could not do. Is that the definition
of a utility? I suppose so.
If you want to do some game writing, and have the
advantages of high speed in an almost-assembled format,
then Game Writer will help a lot. The program is supplied in
a ROM Cart that plugs into the expansion portandfrom the
time that you turn the computer on, you are working within
the Game Writer system.
There are three modes of operation for the program. The
first, Control, lets you access the two other modes, permits
loading and saving to and f rom tape and enables you to print
out your programs. The second, Run, lets you run
programs.
But the fun begins in Edit Mode. That is where you create
programs. Once a program is created, you exit it and go to
Run Mode to run. Not as complicated as it sounds. It is a
simple process of pushing two button's on the keyboard.
Game Writer reminds us a great deal of the LOGO
language. That is no surprise, since the author who
developed it also developed Color LOGO f or Radio Shack
(see a review on Color LOGO elsewhere in this month's
Rainbow). And, Game Writer has all the advantages of
LOGO, high speed, graphics orientation and an easy-to-use
language.
Our opinion is that the easiest-to-use part of this program
is the most difficult in BASIC, the drawing of figures to be
used in games. The program allows you to define shapes in a
16 by 16 grid — and all you do is draw that grid with periods
and X's. Where there is an X, the pixel in your figure will be
set to "on," a period will have it "off." Using the instructions
which come with Game Writer, I drew a complicated little
space invader-like creature in about a minute, and then
modified it in 30 seconds!
Once you have defined a shape, you can move it about the
screen using commands very much like those in LOGO —
foward, backward, right turn, left turn, set heading and so
on. An additional neat feature allows you to decide whether
the object will "wrap" from one side of the screen to the
other if it goes off the edge, bounce off the side of the screen
or just disappear if it hits the edge.
You can define up to 15 shapes in Game Writer, but each
shape can be used more than one time. And, the shapes can
"communicate" with each other — which essentially means
Find The
COLOR COMPUTER INFORMATION
YOU NEED
INDEX TO ARTICLES, PROGRAMS, LETTERS
HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE REVIEWS
IN MAGAZINES
COLOR COMPUTER INDEX 0
CATALOG LISTING
VENDORS, HARDWARE, SOFTWARE
SUPPLIES, PUBLICATIONS
COLOR COMPUTER CATALOG
American Library and Information Services
Dept. R, 3705 Mary Ellen NE, Albuquerque, NM 87111
Gentlemen:
□ Yes
□ Yes
□ Yes
Name
Address _
City
Send me COLOR COMPUTER INDEX 1980-1981 at $5 (Canada and Mexico $6)
Sign me up for COLOR COMPUTER INDEX 1982 (4 issues) for $16 (Canada and Mexico $20)
Sign me up for COLOR COMPUTER CATALOG 1982 (two issues) for $20 (Canada and Mexico $24)
State
Zip
December 1982
the RAINBOW
Page 85
you can let them interact.
There is a good set of commands for operation of games
as well— IF, ELSE, LOOP and WHILE. You can control
movement very well with these commands, and the ones
which allow you to create variables and perform relational
operations between them (as in Basic). You can also print
characters on the screen, control the colors of the shapes and
the background and the like. All in all, a very complete list of
things that can be done with games.
But what is a game without sound? Not much, so Game
Writer provides 26 different levels of sound (accessed by
single letters) at variable durations. These are some of the
best easy-to-produce sounds we have heard for CoCo.
With all of this at your disposal, you would expect that
there is a lot to learn. There is. But Game Writer comes with
a 39-page instruction book that explains things very well
and is even three-hole punched for your convenience. The
documentation is clear and includes a number of examples
which you can type in and run.
For those of you interested in making your own games,
Game Writer will be a valuable purchase. In our view, the
only drawback at this time is that most of the games you
create will have to be your own — in other words, until this
system catches on (which it should do), there will probably
not be much commercial software available for the Game
Writer system. But, Game Writer does provide a way to
create graphic games simply and quickly — and you will have
fun making them as well as playing them.
(Washington Computer Services, 3028 Silvern Lane,
Bellingham, WA 98226, $129 plus $5 s/h)
Graphic
Traffic
Here's a little program we think you'll enjoy playing. It
was sent to us by John Dana of Hamden, Connecticut, and
can give your CoCo vertigo in just a few seconds.
Try typing in your name, and then pecking away at the
space bar. You'll be amused — even as your head begins to
swim.
As John points out, these effects can be incorporated into
games for displays, and when a desirable combination is
found, it can be preserved in string or data statements.
Enjoy this.
5 CLEAR 100
10 A$=INKEY$
20 B$=B$+A$
30 PRINT B$;
40 GOTO 10
YOUR COLOR COMPUTER JUST GOT WHEELS !
REVOLUTION!
REALISTIC. . .
Developed by an experienced race driver, Revolution
reproduces the actual feeling of being behind the wheel
of an authentic race car. Designed with the utmost
attention to detail, its unprecedented measure of control
turns your Color Computer into a challenging test of skill
and precision. There are no funny monkeys, strange alien
creatures or creeping oil slicks. Revolution pits you
against yourself. . . competition in its purest form.
INNOVATIVE. . .
Revolution comes ready to run with a selection of cars
and pre-designed courses. But unlike other -computer and
arcade games, its basic parameters can be changed by the
player, making Revolution an unbeatable challenge.
SOPHISTICATED. . .
Revolution is fully menu driven and has fast, high
resolution machine language graphics. PLUS, Revolution
utilizes the advanced file access capabilities of the Color
Computer to automatically store and retrieve all of your
lap records and save the tracks you've designed.
A COMPUTER GAME AHEAD OF ITS TIME!
For 32K Disk & Joysticks . . . $24.95
Inter <y> fiction
113 Ward Street
New Haven, CT 06519
Page 86
the RAINBOW
December, 1 982
Format Your LLISTings
With FLIST
by Charles J. Roslund
Rainbow Contributing Editor
(Mr. Roslund is the author of War Kings, Intergalactic Force and
many machine language utilities for the 80C.)
Have you ever wished that your program listings (on
your printer) would skip over the page perforations and
maybe format the listing a little? There are several good
utilities on the market that will do this formatting for you,
but all the ones I've seen require that you first save the
program in ASCII format to create a data file that the
formattor reads. This may get to be a bit inconvenient
(especially if you don't have a disk based system). This
month's program will automatically skip over page
perforations and format the printed listing without
requiring you to make an ASCII save of the program. I call
this program FLIST . It provides a machine language driver
that formats the output to the printer when you load a Basic
program and enter the comand LLIST. You can't get much
simpler than that.
To use FLIST, once you get a copy of the accompanying
program on tape or disk, just follow these steps.
1. LOADM"FLIST" as you would any other machine
language program. FLIST is written in position
independent code so it may be loaded with an offset to keep
it out of the way of the Basic program you wish to list. The
listing shows FLIST located as S0E00 which is the beginning
of the first Graphics page on Disk based systems. S0E00 is in
the second Graphics page on Extended Basic Computers,
and this is a safe place for it as long as you don't execute a
ALL OF US
HERE AT
PRICKLY-PEAR SOFTWARE:
Bill and Sara Nolan
Daniel and Nathan Nolan
Paul and Susan Petrocci
Steve Hrometz
Keith Dickinson
David Hunt
David Yarbrough
Hazzard and Nipper (the Dogs)
Poco Diablo (the Ferret)
Taffy (the Cat)
Lightfoot (the Rat)
and Francis (the Turtle)
wish you and yours a joyous, safe, and peaceful holi-
day season. May the spirit of thisseason becomea
permanent part of all your lives.
0 •
PCLEAR1 command while you are using FLIST. Color
Basic users will probably want to reserve high memory for
FLIST and offset load it. For example: CLEAR200, 15800
to reserve high memory and CLOADM"FLIST," 12300
would load FLIST into the reserved memory area. Note,
these numbers are for a 1 6K Color Basic Computer and they
waste a few hundred bytes of memory, but they are nice,
round, easy-to-remember numbers.
2. After loading FLIST, EXECute it. This will perform
some initialization and then return to Basic.
3. Next, if your Basic program is already in memory, just
enter the standard Basic command LLIST. If your Basic
program is not in memory, you must load it and enter
LLIST.
4. Watch the formatted program listing appear on your
printer. If you wish to list several programs, you must
EXECute before each listing to zero the page counter. You
must also manually advance the paper to a few lines down
from the "Top of Form" after each listing.
FLIST provides the following formatting features:
1. 60 lines per page with six blank lines between pages.
2. Breaks each line at 75 columns to leave a right margin.
3. Indents continuation lines so that only line numbers are
in the left-most columns.
Note, all of the above features are redefinable and I'll
describe how to change them while I'm describing how the
program works.
PROGRAM INITIALIZATION
Lines 3 through 12 (refer to program listing for all line
number references) perform the initialization for FLIST.
This initialization is similar to that used in the last month's
SCROLL PROTECT program. The same ROM TRAP is
used at address $0168. This is the address that is vectored
through every time a character is printed to any device
(screen, printer, cassette, etc.) The "A" register contains the
character to be printed when $0167, which will contain a
"JMP" instruction. The address jumped to is at $01 68.) Line
3 (CLR LINCNT, PCR) zero's the location labeled
LINCNT. This is the line counter used to count carrage
returns, which is actually counting lines on a page. Lines 4
and 5 save the old contents of $0168 in OLDVEC. Lines 6
and 7 install the new vector, NEWVEC, in $0168. This will
cause the ROM routine that is printing a character, to
execute the program starting at NEWVEC before printing
the character. Lines 8 and 9 install a "JMP" instruction at
$0167. This may sound unnecessary since I already stated
that $0167 contains a "JMP" instruction. Well, it is
unnecessary if you have EXTENDED or DISK Basic. The
EXTENDED and DISK Basic ROMS install a "JMP" at
$0167 during their initialization of thecomputer. If you have
regular COLOR Basic, $0167 will contain a "RTS"
instruction, and installing this "JMP" instruction is
necessary. Lines 10 and 1 1 put an "RTS" instruction at the
label START. This assures that the initialization routine
will move the vector at $0 1 68 only one time (the first time it's
executed). Every time it's executed thereafter, it will only
zero the line counter (line 3) and then return. This allows you
to zero the line counter after one listing is complete, to do
another listing, if you desire. This is accomplished by merely
EXECuting FLIST again. Line 12 returns from the
initialization routine. Control is returned to Basic, and you
will see the "OK" prompt.
SYMBOL DEFINITION
Lines 1 3 and 14 EQUate two symbols to ROM addresses.
PRNT is the address of Basic's print to the printer
subroutine. Whatever is in the "A" register is printed when
this subroutine is called. PRTCOL is the address of Basic's
printer column counter. This location counts the number of
December, 1982
the RAINBOW
Page 87
characters printed to the printer since the last carrage return.
Lines 15 and 16 reserve memory for OLDVEC, where I will
save the original contents of the vector at $0168, and
LINCNT, which is used to store the number of carrage
returns (number of lines) sent to the printer.
MAIN PROGRAM BODY
The program starting at line 17 (NEWVEC) is executed
every time a character is printed to any device. Lines 17
through 22 save the important registers on the stack, and
check if the current character is going to the printer (this is
determined by checking if $6F contains a -2). If the current
character is going to the printer, you branch to CHKCR,
otherwise the program pulls all registers that were saved and
returns to the Basic print routine by JU M Ping to the address
stored in OLDVEC.
Lines 23 through 26 check if the current character (in the
"A" register) is a carrage return. If it is, the line counter is
incremented, and the program returns to the ROM print
routine by branching to RETURN. If the current character
is not a carrage return, the program branches to CHKCOL
(check column number). Lines 27 through 37 limit each line
of the listing to 75 characters. Lines 27 and 28 compare
PRTCOL with the number 75. If PRTCOL is less than 75 ,
the program branches to CHKLIN (check line number).
Otherwise, in linesx 30 through 36, a carragereturn is sent to
the printer , f ollowed by f our spaces to indent the next line of
the listing. If you wish to change the column width of the
F^l_ I ST
listing, you may change the #75 in line 28 to any desired
column width. If you wish to change the number of spaces
that continuation lines are indented by, change the loop
counter in line 33 (now a #4) to any desired value. After the
four spaces are sent, line 37 increments the line counter
(LINCNT). The program then continues with CHKLIN at
line 38.
Lines 38 through 47 check if 60 lines have beenprinted. If
the line counter is less than 60, line40 branches to RETURN
to return to the ROM print routine. If 60 lines have been
printed, lines 41 through 45 send 6 carrage returns to the
printer to skip over the upcoming end of page. Then line 46
clears the line counter for a new page, and line 47 branches
to RETURN. If you wish to change the number of lines per
page you may modify the #60 in line 39 to be as many lines as
you want printed on a page, and also modify the loop
counter in line 41 (now #6) to be equal to the form length of
your paper (usually 66) minus the number on line 39.
One important modification required for regular
COLOR Basic users is: Change the three bytes in line 22 to
"RTS" ($39, $39, $39) since there is no OLD VECTOR to
jump to in COLOR Basic computers. You just return to the
Rom with an "RTS" instruction.
I use FLIST for just about every program listing since it's
so quick to use. I would suggest that you save a copy of
FLIST (located in a covenient reserved area of RAM) so
that you can load it without an offset. This will make its use
easier and faster.
********************************
* Formatted LL 1ST: FLIST *
* Rev. 10/16/82 by C Roslund *
********************************
CHARLIE'S
0001
0E00
NAM FLIST
0002
0E00
ORG *0E00
GRAPHICS PAGE MEMORY
0003
0E00
6F8D0019
INIT
CLR LINCNT, PCR
CLEAR LINE COUNTER
0004
0E04
BE0168
START
LDX *0168
RAM HOOK
0005
0E07
AF8C1 1
STX <OLDVEC,PCR
SAVE OLD VECTOR
0006
0E0A
308C1 1
LEAX < NEWVEC , PCR
GET NEW VECTOR
0007
0E0D
BF0168
STX *0168
INSTALL NEW VECTOR
000S
0E10
867E
LDA #*7E
INSTALL ' JMP' INSTRUCTION
0009
0E12
B70167
STA $0167
FOR NON-EXTENDED BASIC
0010
0E15
8639
LDA #$39
RTS
0011
0E17
A78CEA
STA START, PCR
PUT RTS AT START
0012
0E1A
39
RTS
INITIALIZATION DONE, RETURN
0013
A2BF
PRNT
EQU *A2BF
SEND A CHARACTER TO PRINTER
0014
009C
PRTCOL
EOU *9C
PRINTER COLUMN COUNTER
0015
0E1B
0000
OLDVEC
FDB 0
OLD VECTOR
0016
0E1D
00
LINCNT
FCB 0
LINE COUNTER
0017
0E1E
3417
NEWVEC
PSHS A, B, X , CC
SAVE REGISTERS
00 IS
0E20
D66F
LDB <*6F
GET DEVICE NUMBER
0019
0E22
C1FE
CMPB #-2
CHECK IF GOING TO PRINTER
0020
0E24
2705
BEQ CHKCR
YES
0021
0E26
3517
RETURN
PULS A,B,X,CC
RESTORE SAVED REGISTERS
0022
0E28
6E9CF0
JMP C OLDVEC, PCR3
RETURN TO ROM
0023
0E2B
810D
CHKCR
CMPA #$0D
CHECK FOR <CR>
0024
0E2D
2605
BNE CHKCOL
NO <CR>
0025
0E2F
6C8CEB
INC LINCNT, PCR
INCREMINT LINE COUNTER
0026
0E32
20F2
BRA RETURN
RETURN TO ROM
0027
0E34
969C
CHKCOL
LDA <PRTCOL
GET COLUMN #
0028
0E36
814B
CMPA #75
CHECK FOR 75 COLUMNS
0029
0E38
2512
BLO CHKLIN
LESS THAN 75
0030
0E3A
860D
LDA #$0D
SEND <CR>
0031
0E3C
BDA2BF
JSR PRNT
SEND TO PRINTER
0032
0E3F
8620
LDA #$20
< SPACE >
0033
0E41
C604
LDB #4
SEND 4 SPACES TO INDENT
0034
0E43
BDA2BF
LOOP
JSR PRNT
SEND TO PRINTER
0035
0E46
5A
DECB
DECREMENT COUNTER
0036
0E47
26FA
BNE LOOP
NOT DONE YET
0037
0E49
6C8CD1
INC LINCNT, PCR
INCREMENT LINE COUNTER
0038
0E4C
A68CCE
CHKLIN
LDA LINCNT, PCR
GET LINE COUNT
0039
0E4F
813C
CMPA #60
CHECK FOR 60 LINES
0040
0E51
25D3
BLO RETURN
LESS THAN 60
0041
0E53
C606
LDB #6
SEND 6 <CR>'s
0042
0E55
860D
FLOOP
LDA #*0D
<CR>
0043
0E57
BDA2BF
JSR PRNT
SEND <CR> TO PRINTER
0044
0E5A
5A
DECB
DECREMENT COUNTER
0045
0E5B
26F8
BNE FLOOP
NOT DONE YET
0046
0E5D
6F8CBD
CLR LINCNT, PCR
CLEAR LINE COUNTER
0047
0048
0E60
0E62
20C4
BRA RETURN
END INIT
RAINBOW
Page 88
the RAINBOW
December, 1982
Software Review...
Logo As A Language
Children Can Understand
By David Hunt
When Seymour Papert set out to develop a language that
would provide a computer based learning environment, he
drew heavily on the theoretical influence of Jean Piaget, a
recently deceased Swiss Child Psychologist under whom he
studied for many years.
The result of his efforts was LOGO, an interactive,
procedure-based language which is easy enough to be used
by pre-school children, yet flexible enough to provide
challenges for even the most advanced learners.
Perhaps the greatest difference between LOGO and other
computer languages is seen in the way LOGO reflects its
author's philosophy. Papert believes strongly that people —
children in particular — should control computers, not the
reverse. He feels that most computers place learners in a
position of inferiority to themselves. Standard drill, test and
practice programs, for example, tell children when are are
right or wrong. They never know more than the computer
and are even told that computers never make mistkes — only
people do that! LOGO puts the shoe on the other foot. For
example, when told to "SQUARE" (without previous
programming), the computer responds with "I DON'T
KNOW HOW TO SQUARE." Now it's the computer that is
dumb! Obviously the child is smarter than the computer, for
s/he can easily "teach" the machine how to "SQUARE" by
writing a short program and naming it "SQUARE."
Since LOGO is an interactive language, programs, known
as PROCEDURES, may be executed immediately, without
having to be compiled. Procedural statements are translated
by means of the computer's interpreter into machine code
which it then executes. In this way, it is the same as BASIC.
Debugging is accomplished very easily by modifying single
statements or program lines which may be immediately
tested, again as in BASIC.
TRS COLOR LOGO
COLOR LOGO utilizes four different modes— BREAK,
RUN, EDIT and DOODLE.
Upon execution, the user finds himself in the BREAK
mode, from which he may enter the EDIT mode or RUN
mode by pressing (E) or (R) respectively. Pressing (S) or (L)
will allow (S)aving programs in memory or (L)oading
programs from tape or disk.
In the RUN mode, the user can control the motion and
direction of a small figure on the CRT called a "turtle."
Hence, the name "turtle graphics." Basically, the turtle may
be directed anywhere on the screen by commands, such as
FORWARD and BACKWARD, with specific distances,
or, LEFT TURN and RIGHT TURN with specified degrees
of rotation.
Abbreviations, such as FD, BK, RT and LT may be used.
The turtle drags his tail, as it were, leaving tracks indicating
where he has been, thus producing a graphic design on the
screen. Other commands, such as PENUP (PU) and
PENDOWN (PD) may be used to control the designs by
determining whether or not the turtle leaves a trail. (I
wonder why they didn't use "TAILUP" and
TAILDOWN?") In addition, two color-sets are available.
Within each color set there are four colors. The
PENCOLOR (PC) and BACKGROUND COLOR (BG)
TRS-80® COLOR COMPUTER
SWIVEL ORGANIZER
A REAL VALUE!
ATTRACTIVE AND SOLIDLY BUILT THIS
ALL-IN-ONE ORGANIZER IS THE
PERFECT WAY TO LEN D A PROFESSIONAL
INTEGRATED LOOK TO YOUR CC
CHECK THESE FEATURES!
Water/stain resistant woodgrain laminate
over 1/2" plywood
Metal ball bearing swivel base permits
sharing of the computer while still seated.
Great for game playing and multi-use work
stations
Allows TV monitor mounting directly over
computer to conserve space
Storage area in rear with clamps for dressing
cables neatly
Comes fully assembled
TRS-80 & COLOR COMPUTER TRADEMARKS OF TANDY CORP
/
CRT
/
/
Discs
omputer
PLUS SHIPPING
Send Check Or Money Order To:
SHAUNTRONICS f£rv?ew! II j. 07022
N.J. RESIDENTS ADD 5% TAX
TOM MIX SOFTWARE
• FOR THE COLOR COMPUTER • 3424 College N.E., Grand Rapids, MI49505 (616)364-4791
DONKEY
KING
©1982
32K Machine Language
$24.95 tape
$27.95 disc
ARCADE ACTION — How high can you climb? Four full graphic screens. Exciting sound - Realistic graphics. Never
before has the color computer seen a game like this. Early reviews say: Just like the arcade - Simply outstanding!
PROTECTORS
^^A' r ^^^^^
Exciting fast paced arcade
game that looks and plays like
the popular arcade game
"DEFENDER",
Wave after wave of enemy
fighters drop bombs on your
city. Destroy them before they
destroy your city. Soon the
mother ships appear firing laser blasts at you. Watch for the
heat seeking mines.
Your defense includes your laser cannon plus four smart
bombs on each of your four ships. A new ship with each 5,000
points.
High resolution graphics with four colors make this new 32K
arcade game the one for others to follow.
MACHINE LANGUAGE $24.95 TAPE $27.95 DISK
SOLO POOL
Now play pool with your col-
or computer. Two players.
Plays like machine
language. Super color. High
resolution graphics.
16K Extended Basic $17.95
BIRD ATTACK
A fast paced machine
language arcade game.
Shoot the birdmen before
they descend upon you.
Watch out for their bombs!
16K Extended Basic $21.95
OTHER GREAT GAMES
ALL PROGRAMS REQUIRE 16K
ML- MACHINE LANGUAGE B- BASIC
MOON LANDER^Fantastic Graphics. Land on the Moon if you
can. 2 Programs. B $15.95
DANCING DEVIL»Watch him dance to music or program him
yourself. ML $14.95
WAR KINGS»Battle to save your castle and king. High resolu-
tion graphics with outstanding sound make this one a real win-
ner. 16K MACHINE LANGUAGE $19.95
ADVENTURES
TREK-16-Travel thru space with Spock and Capt. Kirk. Adven-
ture. Tough! B 19.95
SHIPWRECK-Escape from a desert isle if you can. Great
Adventure! B $14.95
*ADD $1.00 POSTAGE & HAN
MICHIGAN RESIDENTS ADD 4% SALES
KATERPILLAR
ATTACK
Outstanding graphics and sound will
end all of those trips to the arcade. So
much like the arcade you have to see it f
to believe it.
16K MACHINE LANGUAGE $24.95
DISK
$27.95
COLOR GOLF
Now sit at your computer and play
nine or eighteen holes. Outstanding
graphics in the fairway or on the
green. Helps your game.
32 K EXTENDED BASIC $16.95
MAZE RACE
Maze race is a one or two
player game. Play either
against the built in timer or
against your favorite oppo-
nent.
16K MACHINE CODE $14.95
UTILITIES
COLOR MONITOR-Written in position independent code. (May
be located in any free memory). Very compact. Only occupies
1174 bytes of memory. Full Featured. Includes Break-Pointing
of machine language programs, register display and modify,
memory display and modify, and block memory move com-
mands. Displays memory in hex and ascii format on one line 8
bytes long. MACHINE LANGUAGE $24.95
TAPE DUPE— Brand new machine language program that
copies any tape effortlessly. Completely automatic. ML$16.95
DISK TO TAPE-Dump the contents of any disk to tape
automatically. ML$19.95
TAPE TO DISKLoad the contents of any tape to disk
automatically. ML $19.95
MAIL LIST-Maintain a complete mailing list with phone
numbers etc. B $19.95
THE FIXER-Having trouble moving those 600 Hex progarn&to
disk? The fixer will help. Completely automatic. ML $18.95
TAPE CAT-AII new machine language program lists contents of
tapes to printer. Make a catalog of your tapes. ML $1 7.95
PROGRAM PRINTER UTILITY-This program will list basic pro-
grams to your printer in two column format. Saves paper and
makes your listing look professional. Disk based. B $19.95
, CHRISTMAS PACKAGE ,
j 10 PLUS PROGRAMS FOR $20.00 j
■ All Basic Programs less than $2.00 each. A real j
bargain for the beginner. Requires Extended Basic. j
DLING*TOP ROYALTIES PAID*
TAX • LOOKING FOR NEW SOFTWARE
V.
LIST
10 EXAMPLE SCREEN DUMP
£y F0RI=1TD35STEP3
39 CIRCLE a 80 •64).- I
40 NEXT
5* FDRI-32 TD 127
PRINTCHRta).? " "f
79 NEXT I
DK
USING SOLUTION
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GRAPH LABEL
Have you ever wanted to place characters on a graphic
screen but couldn't find an easy way to do it Well then
GRAPH LABEL is for you. This program will enable you to
place characters anywhere on a graphic screen. It will place
any of 96 ASCII characters on the screen or you may create
your own characters It features a cursor that may be moved
anywhere around the screen with out rubbing out what it
goes over Superscripts and subscripts may be used since
the cursor may be moved vertically and horizontally in steps
as small as one pixel. Lowercase characters have descend-
ers GRAPH LABEL is written in Basic and is therefore easy
to modify It may be used by itself or as a subroutine.
$8.95
RAINBOW
dottgratulattons
you made the right choice when you purchased a
Color Computer. It is a very powerful machine
However the standard display format does not do the
machine justice. The machine is capable of much more than
16 lines of 32 all capital characters. Now you can give your
Color Computer the display it deserves. THE SOLUTION
gives the Color Computer a much better display than it nor-
mally has, and really makes the machine shine Its features
include'
provides a screen of 42 characters by 21 lines displayed
linked directly to basic — program is transparent to the
user
prints all 96 ASCII characters, lowercase characters
have descenders, has a slashed zero to avoid
confusion when programing
prints characters on any two-color graphic screen
graphics and text may be intermixed on the same screen
special mode with 4 lines of text at the bottom of the
screen (just like some other famous color machines) —
great for working with graphics
large character mode for small children or the visually
impaired
character set may be reversed
written in machine language, program is relocatable
fast — prints at over 600 characters per second
works with both cassette and disk
includes a 20 page manual with demo programs (a lunar
lander program is included)
$14.95
SOLUTION
PILOT is a language which enables people with little
knowledge to write educational programs. The language
uses simple one or two letter commands for program
functions
SUPER PILOT
An enhanced version of Pilot for use with Extended Baste
Includes features for math, graphics, and sound. Has a
feature that makes it easy to create flash card type drill
programs. Programs are pseudo compiled for faster
execution. Comes with as 24 page tutorial manual and demo
programs Sample program included on tape to get you
started $12.95
SCRIPTFIX
An ML program that enables Color Scripsit to have true upper
and lower case characters— none of the reversed upper case
characters. Features solid green background and all normal
Scripsitfunctions. No decrease in typing speed. Pleasespecify
your machine type when ordering. $9.95
DISCOUNT — order 10 or more programs (you may mix
types) and you will receive a 30% discount on the order
Dealer discounts are also available.
SNAKE MOUNTAIN SOFTWARE
P.O. BOX 5722
RALEIGH, NC 27650
EXTENDER
Still want more than 42 characters per line from your
computer. Then the EXTENDER is for you This program
when used with THE SOLUTION will give a display of 51
characters per line by 21 lines displayed Please include your
program serial number when ordering $7.95
SCREEN PRINT PACKAGE
A package of 2 programs for use with the LPVM LPVIll
DMP100. DMP200, DMP400. DMP500 The programs will
print an image of what is on a graphic screen tc the printer
Both programs work with all the standard PMODEs The
programs are written in machine language ana may be
moved anywhere in memory. The two programs a ; e
1) SCREEN PRINT — will produce a regular size print Tne
image may be located anywhere on a page
2) v DOUBLE SIZE SCREEN PRINT - this prograrr, will
produce a full size image that will fill up a sheet of paper The
finished product is 8 by 6.5 inches in size Your computer
graphics look really good when they are printed out with this
program $4.95
All programs for 16K, 32K Extended Basic machines unless
otherwise noted All programs on cassette Ada $4.00 per
order for disk
SHIPPING — add $2 00 for orders less than $20 00 Shipping
is free on orders of more than $20 00
Canadians — please send money orders only
All orders shipped within 5 working days
December, 1 982
the RAINBOW
Page 91
may be changed at any time. Portions of a drawing may be
erased by setting the pen color to the background color and
drawing over the lines.
So far, what we have discussed describes the RUN mode
in much the same way as the IMMEDIATE mode of
BASIC. Commands are executed as soon as ENTER is
pressed. Procedures which have been written and saved in
the EDIT mode may also be executed in the RUN mode.
In the EDIT mode, procedures and subprocedures may be
written and stored to be later executed in the RUN mode.
Procedures are given titles preceded by the word "TO." for
example, following is a procedure for drawing a square:
TO SQUARE
FD 40 RT 90 FD 40 RT 90
FD 40 RT 90 FD 40 RT 90
END
When the word "SQUARE" is typed in the RUN mode, a
40 unit square will be drawn by the turtle from the HOME
(center of the screen) position. The use of the command
REPEAT reduces the SQUARE procedure to:
TO SQUARE
REPEAT 4 (FD 40 RT 90)
END
The starting position of any graphic may be changed by
the commands SETX (SX) and SETY (SY) followed by
screen position coordinates. In addition, the heading of the
turtle may also be modified by the command
SETHEADING (SH), followed by a number of degrees of
rotation. If the values used in any graphic are too large, or if
the turtle is too close to the edge of the screen, wraparound
will occur unless NOWRAP is specified. The user may even
determine whether or not the turtle is visible by using the
commands SHOWTURTLE and HIDETURTLE. The
command CLEAR clears the screen.
Procedures written and stored in the EDIT mode may be
modified by a full screen editor somewhat similar to those
used by Apple and Commodore BASIC.
The final mode available is DOODLE. This mode,
entered from the RUN mode by pressing "@," allows the
user to draw directly on the screen using single key entry
strokes. A keyboard overlay is provided for the top row of
keys. In this mode, the top row of keys operates the same
way as INKEYS in COLOR BASIC. CLEAR, HOME,
PENUP, PENDOWN, RT45, LT45, FD 1, FD 10, RT 15,
LT 15 are performed with a single stroke of the keys 1 - 0,
respectively. These moves are also symbolically shown at the
bottom of the screen. When the BREAK mode is entered,
the sequence of keystrokes used in doodling is automatically
recorded as a procedure by a name given prior to doodling.
This procedure may be seen and edited in the EDIT mode
and executed by title in the RUN mode. If you don't mind
giving up the ability to store and edit the drawings created in
DOODLE, an open-ended one-key (OK) set of commands
may be designed as single-key entry procedures. (Pressing
ENTER, however, will now be necessary.)
PROBLEM SOLVING
The value of LOGO in problem solving becomes readily
apparent when larger problems are broken down into
smaller procedures.
LOGO'S power is unleashed when procedures are
combined. Once a procedure has been defined and named, it
may be "called" to perform in another procedure. For
example, a four-paned window can be easily constructed by
repeating the SQUARE procedure.
TO WINDOW
REPEAT 4 (SQUARE LT 90)
END
Entering the command WINDOW intheRUN mode calls
up the window procedure which in turn calls up the
SQUARE procedure. The technique of using a procedure in
defining another procedure is called RECURSION.
Procedures may even call themselves!
COLOR LOGO'S allowance of subprocedures facilitates
the solution of complex problems, especially when the
solution indicates repetitive action. Students learn to look
for patterns which may be broken down and defined by
short procedures. Logical thinking skills are developed and
reinforced through problem solving of this type.
CZAP
A disk inspect/modify
routine. Learn how disks
work, fix problems on
your disks. $9.95
NEATDIR
Places the file names in
your disk directories in
alphabetical order. Keep
your disks in order. $6.95
TREK80C
The classic game. Real
time , moving Klingons and
action graphics. $14.95
COPYTAPE
Copy, merge, and backup
your tape based software
Works even with popular
pre-loader tapes. $9.95
BACKUP
Speed up disk backups,
recover crashed disks.
Bypass I/O errors and
fix your disks. $9.95
Send Check or Money Order To:
A* M. Heam Software
602 S. 48th St.- Dept. R
Philadelphia, PA 19143
Write For Free Catalog
CATALOG
An automatic disk file
cataloging system. File
the directories of your
disks. $9.95
OFFLOAD
Create tape backups of
your disks. A disk to
tape, tape to disk copy
system.
$9.95
wwin
Save the world from
nuclear destruction. Try
to win the all out war
with the USSR. $9.95
Write for free catalog of these and other products. Dealer inquiries invited.
RAINBOW
Page 92
the RAINBOW
December, 1 982
OTHER FEATURES
COLOR LOGO provides for simple program saving to
tape or disk in the disk version. The ROMPAC and tape
version, however, will only provide f or saving to tape. A disk
for saving COLOR LOGO programs is divided into 16
modules of approximately 9K each. The modules are
designated by the letters A-P. An index of procedures saved
should be made because the disk directory is not used.
COLOR LOGO also provides for easy output to a printer in
single or double spacing format.
IN ADDITION:
* Multiple turtles (up to 255) may be created and given
procedures to perform by the HATCH command.
* The turtle shape may be modified by means of the
SHAPE command.
* The command SLOW puts turtle graphics in slow-
motion at user-definable speeds.
* Messages may be sent between turtles using the SEND
command (messages are numbers in the -32768 to 32767
range).
* Arithmetic (+, -, *, /), logical (and, or, not), and
relational (greater than, less than and equals) operators may
be used in procedures as well as variables (designated by a
colon followed by a word of any length).
On the negative side, COLOR LOGO does not support
any string or list-manipulating words. Outside of turtle
graphics, there is little that is offered the more advanced
programmer. There is no SPRITE mode which would allow
three-dimensional graphics. Also, multiple commands may
not appear in a single line in the RUN mode.
Another disadvantage is that the turtle on the screen can
only turn in 45 degree increments. It can move and draw in
increments which are smaller, but the user cannot
necessarily tell by looking at the screen where the turtle will
go. In addition, because COLOR LOGO uses only integer
arithmetic, some jfigures (e.g., circles) are not drawn in the
way you might think most logical.
The primary reason for some of these deficiencies is
obviously the memory limitation of the COLOR
COMPUTER, hardly something for which we can hold the
authors of COLOR LOGO accountable. Nevertheless,
programmers familiar with other versions of LOGO may
well be disappointed with this limited version
CONCLUSION
In conclusion, COLOR LOGO is a fine, but admittedly
limited implementation of the LOGO language. It is faithful
to Papert's philosophy of encouraging inquiry and
discovery. Children, as well as adults, using this language
will learn through logical experimentation (I even learned a
great deal through illogical experimentation!) with a feeling
that they are in control.
One final note. This review is based on a preliminary
version of COLOR LOGO. However, it is unlikely that any
major modifications will be made prior to its release.
Hardware Review...
Improve Your Memory
With This Handy Kit
Got 32K desire and only 1 6K capability? If that's the case,
then this upgrade kit from J ARB software could solve your
dilemma.
I 'm not an expert on IC's and circuit boards, nor soldering
techniques, yet I did find this kit fairly easy to install. This
was in no small part due to the detailed step by step
instructions provided with the kit.
To start with, the eight RAM chips and the SAM chip
must be removed from the computer. An IC removal tool is
recommended, but I managed to do it with a nail file without
any problems. Piggy-back chips with a pre-soldered
connecting wire are then placed in the same sockets. Now,
the connecting wires from each of these new chips must be
joined. This is accomplished by soldering all nine connecting
wires to the separate bus wire. Once that's completed (it's the
trickiest part) the original chips are re-installed into the
sockets of the piggy-back chips. That's it! 32K at a
reasonable cost.
All in all, it took about 45 minutes to complete the process
with no hitches. It's also good to know that no permanent
connections are made to the computer so if removal is ever
required, it can be done quickly and easily.
One final note. If messing around inside your computer
with a soldering iron makes you nervous, or if your warranty
has not expired, then stay away from this kit. It does require
some skill and, as you may know, heat or static electricity
can ruin a chip.
(JARB Software, 1169 Florida Street, Imperial Beach,
CA 92032, $25.95.)
—Robert D. Nunziato Jr.
SUPER GAME VALUE
TWO GAME CASSETTE FOR ONLY $6.95
***** COAL WINE ADVENT L r R£ *****
EXPLORE AN ABANDONED COAL MINE WITH 2U ROOMS OP TREASURE
AND DANGER. THE LONGER YOU SURVIVE THE HIGHER YOUR SCORE.
A GREAT BEGINNER'S ADVENTURE. 16K EXTENDED BASIC REQ.
***** 3L0CK-MAJT *****
COLOR BASIC VERSION OP PAC-MAN LIKE ARCADE GAME. COLOR
GRAPHICS AND SOUND. PUN FOR ALL AGES. JOYSTICK REQUIRED.
Free U.S. Postage
Can. $1.00 No COD
No Charge Cards
STARSHIP SOFTWARE
P.O. BOX 776
ALLENTOWN, PA. 18105
,•». f". ,">( T"',
i i . .1.
. »".:• '"It " r "I"' r-i
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f" '.-.' .J K j
1 1 X x. X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X
X R I V I Fii IK iRi S x e: r X
X TRIVIA I, TRIVIFI II.
:t:
* -$? r 2 2 EriCI-l OP f!L!
* define KHi/cr! IW PnPhVIEW » ERR X
» 1 iLL.t.v'-J,' -.r, i in 11 n u a m ;i |r u *i *1 11 |i n <l ^'tJC'r <T<
X :■!•::!: X X. ttt X X. X X t X X XX ' i=: X XttX XXX X X. XX X X X X
BASIC AID
AT LAST! Help for the BASIC programmer. BASIC AID is an indespensable addition to the Color
Computer. It will save you valuable time and effort. If you write or modify BASIC programs,
you need BASIC AID.
You get 43 Common BASIC commands available as single Control Key inputs. Greatly
speeds up program entry.
A powerful feature is the ability to redefine any or all of the keys to your own specifications
PLUS you get invaluable features such as a MERGE command, Move Line command and
Automatic Line Numbering.
MERGE— Insert programs stored on
cassette into your Basic program.
You can even assign new line
numbers to the program you read
in. Great for creating your own
tape library.
^ MOVE— Lets you move and renumber any
part of your Basic program. GOTOs
and GOSUBs are automatically
changed,
Redefine any or all keys! Put in your most
frequently used commands. Then save
them to tape for use another time.
"An excellent program
and fine utility." —
-RAINBOW review,
August, 1982, Page 27
MERGE MOVE OH/OFF
I 1 I F
BLANK SET -AUTONUM-
SUPP USE* OH/OFF SET TRACE
T
t I
J L
]□□!
EXEC RUN
I t
iUUi
CLEAR P CLEAR COW
I
t I
CHRS LEN
r T~~
MID
RIGHT
THEN Q0SU8 IHKET
J
INPUT OPEN
PEEK CIRCLE DRAW PAINT
STRING
1 1 1
READ DATA
l I
FOR
GOTO
HEX JOYSTK SOUND LIST
AUDIO CSAVE CLOAD STEP RETURN NEXT MOTOR
I I
I I
ULi
C SOUND
!□□
IEXT MOTOR
!□□!
SCREEN
DIM
L.
LINE
PRINT MEM
EDIT PRINT
II ft ■ •
I « II J 1
BASIC AID
TM
All of this in a convenient ROM cartridge which is available instantly on power-up. And, it
uses almost none of your valuable memory! Comes with a convenient, easy to remove,
plastic keyboard overlay.
BASIC AID CARTRIDGE $34.95
Add $1 for Handling & Shipping
SPECTRUM PROJECTS
93-15 86th DRIVE (212) 441-2807 (VOICE)
WOODHAVEN, N.Y. 11421 (212) 441-3755 (DATA)
CHECK OUT OUR COLOR BBS' AT (212) 441-3755 & 441-3766
RAINBOW
CERTIFICATION
SEAL
from SPECTRUM PROJECTS
THE COLOR-STICK INTERFACE- Now
have the best ot both worlds! The
smooth true teel ot control ot the
Spectrum Stick and the center return
feature of joysticks for the Atari. Just
plug in your Atari game joystick into the
Color-Stick Interface. The other end
jacks into the joystick port of your
CoCo. Use our joystick "Y" Adapter to
have both joysticks hooked up
together. Save $5 off the regular price
of the Joystick "Y" Adapter when
purchased with the Color-Stick
Interface. $19.95
FIVE PIN MALE TO (2) FIVE PIN
FEMALES. Use with Joystick. Light
Pen, SAM Saver, etc. $19.95
L 1
I 1
1 1
1 1
I 1
I 1
I 1
THE SPECTRUM PADDLE- Enjoy quicker
response and higher game scores.
Recommended for games with side-
to-side action. Includes "sofrtouch" f ire
button. $19.95
FOUR PIN MALE TO FOUR PIN FEMALE
— 10 FEET. Move your printer or
modem to another location for
easier use. $14.95
DISK INTERFACE/ROM PACK
EXTENDER - 3 FEET. Move yourdisks
and ROM packs where you want
them. Gold plated contacts
eliminate corrosion. $29.9.^
LIGHT PEN. Enter the world of A/D
circuitry. Use existing software or
write your own! $14.95
Add $2 for Shipping and Handling
MORE CABLES . . .
Cassette Recorder Extension $14.95
Joystick Cable Extension $14.95
Dick Drive Extender $14.95
Serial Cable (specify printer) $17.95
Cassette "Y" Adapter $19.95
Two Drive Cable $29.95
Parallel Printer Cable $34.95
Four Drive Cable $39.95
Customized Cables . CALL
NEW ITEMS . . .
Color Computer Editor, Assembler
and Debugger $6.95
The Stripper (delete REMS, pack lines
and remove spaces) $7,95
Deluxe Tape Storage Holders
48 Cassettes ( 3 Drawers Jl
96 Cassettes (6 Drawers)
_$22.95
_$39 95
Printer Stand w/shelf (LP VII, LP Vlll/
MX-80, Okidata) $49.95
SPECTRUM PROJECTS
93-15 86th DRIVE
WOODHAVEN, N.Y. 1 1 42 1
(212) 441-2807 (VOICE)
(212) 441-3755 (DATA)
Check Out Our Color BBS' At (212) 441-3755 & (212) 441-3766
DEALER/CLUB INQUIRIES WELCOME
New York Stale Residents add appropriate taxes
24 Hours Every Day
RAINBOW
Tired of plugging and unplugging
devices from the RS232 port of your Color
Computer? Make your life easier. Buy our
RS232 expansion cable and connect two
devices at the same time. Just right for
printers, modems, etc. Anything that plugs
into the Color Computer will plug into this
high quality cable.
RS232 Cable $20.00
COLORCOM/E BONUS! Order
COLORCOM/E and get the RS232 cable
for only $15.00. Save $5.00
Nanos System Reference Card
16K Chips
64K Chips.
Basic ROM 1.1- .
6883 (SAM) Chip with heat sink
6809E
$3.99
$16.00/set
$64.00/set
$36.00
$29.95
$29,95
Color Computer Tech Manual
CoCo Cooler (Internal Fan)
Extended Basic ROM Kit
Color BBS Software
RS Disk Interface (with manual)
64K Color Computer w/Extended Basic
_$7.95
_$49.95
_$88.00
.$149.95
.$169.95
.$499.95
SMART TERMINAL PACKAGE
WE DIDN'T WAIT for the competition to catch up with us! We've added even MORE
features to COLORCOM/E, our superb Smart Terminal program for the Color
Computer. Compare before you buy. NOBODY offers you more!
Automatic Capture of Files
* Complete Upload and Download Support
* Online Cassette/ Disk Reads and Writes
* 110, 300, 600, or 1200 Baud
* Full or Half Duplex
* Preenter Data Before Calling (Saves $$'s)
* Offline and Online Scrolling
*
*
*
★
*
*
Send AIM 2 7 ASCII Characters From Keyboard
Wad Mode Eliminates split Words
7 or 8 Data Bits (Including Graphics Support)
Efficient Data Storage S-t-r-e-t-c-h-e-s Memory
ROM Pack or Disk
COLORCOM/E $49.95
AND, our efficient storage and easy editing of received data
makes printing to your printer offline a snap. Select any portion of
the received data for printing. No need to print everything.
Add $2 for Shipping and Handling
RAINBOW
CWTmCATlOW
SOU.
TOM MIX SOFTWARE
War Kings. .
Katerpiller Attack.
"Protectors
INTELLECTRONICS
'Dunkey Munkey
INTRACOLOR
Colorpede —
# Requires 32K
.319.95
.$24.95
-$24.95
-$24.95
$29.95
MARK DATA PRODUCTS
Astro Blast
SPECTRUM PROJECTS
Cave Hunter
Color Haywire
Space Raders.. .. ... —
ILLUSTRATED MEMORY BANKS
Star'Trench Warfare $18,95
.$2495
_$24.95
.S2495
_$24.95
93-15 86th DRIVE
WOOOHAVEN. N Y. 11421
(212) 441-2607 (VOtCQ
(212) 441-3766 (DATA)
Check Out Our Color BBS' At (212) 441-3755 & (212) 441-3766 24 Hours Every Day
DEALER/CLUB INQUIRIES WELCOME
New York State Residents add appropriate taxes
Page 96 the RAINBOW
ARE THERE MORE Color
Computers coming? It looks like it. This
page was the first to report about the
TDP-100 and the Dragon-32, and now
we give you the Sampo Color Computer
from the far east. It is our
understanding that this new piece of
hardware — which is said to be
compatible with CoCo — will have a
Model Ill-like keyboard, four special
function keys and a number of other
things. Among them: A "port" on one
side that has a telephone-looking plug.
Could there be a built-in modem? We
don't know, but we'll keep you
informed.
By the way, the reason we keep telling
you all about these new Color
Computers is simply because they mean
a bigger hardware and sof tware base f or
CoCo. As we understand it, all the
machines we are talking about will run
Color Basic and Extended Color Basic
programs. Some programs will require
modification to run machine language,
but that is another story. And, it means
as more CoCos and CoCo-like
computers are sold worldwide, there
will be more and more people writing
software for our own machine.
******
SPEAKING OF WORLDWIDE,/^
Rainbow was one of the attractions in
the "Business To Business" show in
Bellview, Manchester, England in
November. This is one of the bigger
computer shows in the United
Kingdom. And, it is the beginning of a
big push for the Rainbow in the U.K.
and Europe. Did you note the
additional price on the cover of this
month's issue, £1.95?
* * * * * *
ONE OF THE MORE interesting
things we have seen is a number of hard-
ware-type mods using the ROM port.
First in is one from General Auto-
mation, but more are said to be ready
soon. We expect this type of thing will
be big for our CoCo in 1983. So, watch
for a number of them.
4c 4c 4c 4c 4c 4c
ONE OF THE MOST IN-
NOVATIVE displays we have seen in
the CoCo world is a new one recently
unveiled by Anteco. Its a counter-top
display that is in the shape of a Color
Computer, with the red break key and
all. Shrink-wrapped programs are in
boxes where the monitor screen is on
most of our units. Done up in three
colors, it is very attractive.
4c 4( * * * *
WE'RE REALLY SORRY that we
messed one up again and printed a
credit to the wrong program that
produced last month's cover for the
Rainbow. We said a new program
called Foxy Graf being marketed by
Computerware was the means by which
the cover was created. Oops. The
program is marketed by Computer-
ware, but its name is Semi-Draw (see a
review in this issue). Our face is double-
red because the program's very creative
author, Paul Hoffman, will be doing an
in-depth article on using Radio Shack's
new X-Pad for next month's issue.
Sorry Paul. Sorry Computerware.
4c 4c 4c 4c 4c 4c
RUMOR HAS IT THAT there are a
lot of video game fans among CoCo
owners. If so, there is a Video Game
Lover's Calendar available from
Chattanooga Choo-Choo Software
(P.O. Box 15892, Chattanooga, TN
37415). Its $4.95 and has a number of
cartoons and the like on video game
themes which will keep you chuckling
all through 1983.
4c 4c 4c 4c 4c 4c
PHONING SOUTHERN CALIF-
ORNIA for a quick pre-Holiday
software or hardware order? If so, you
might wish to check with your
telephone operator before making a
direct dial call. An area of the 714 area
code has been changed to area code 619.
So far, the Microworks, Cognitec and
Jarb Software report that their area
code numbers have been changed. Both
7 1 4 and 6 1 9 are supposed to work f or a
couple of months yet. But, if you run
into trouble the area code change might
be the reason.
Speaking of Jarb Software, they are
among those with a "moving
experience" this month. New address is
1636 D Avenue-Suite C, National City,
CA 92050. The new phone is (619) 474-
6213. Snake Mountain Software also
reports a new address at 608 W.
Johnson Street, Raleigh, NC 27603.
4c * * * * *
MID-AMERICANS CAN now dial
up a new bulletin Board located in the
heartland, Kansas City. Steve Odneal is
December, 1982
the system operator for this new service,
called the "Mid-America Color
Computer Network. It can be reached
by calling (816) 358-6222 and is on-line
24 hours a day.
******
TEACHERS AND EDUCATORS
will want to be aware of the Tandy
TRS-80 Educational Grants program.
It is designed to encourage and support
the successful application of
microcomputer technology in
educational institutions throughout the
United States. In all, Tandy will make
some $500,000 worth of hardware,
software and firmware available to
educational institutions through its
grants program. Deadline for the next
program — which uses "Unique and
Innovative Microcomputer Appli-
cations in Education" as its theme — is
March 31, 1983. Those interested can
write to the Radio Shack Educational
Grands Program, 400 Tandy Atrium,
Ft. Worth, TX 76102.
While on the subject of education, we
know of many people who think one of
the major focuses of CoCo in 1983 will
be in the educational field. The
Rainbow is, of course, running its
Education Notes programming column
under the award-winning authorship of
Steve Blyn. But, we hope you have
noticed a second feature in recent
months, from Dr. Paul Kimmelman, a
highly-respected educational
administrator, who is addressing ways
in which faculty and administration can
bring more microcomputers to the
classroom.
******
WE HEAR THAT A 64K upgrade of
a TDP-100 is even more simple than is
the "E" Board upgrade. Bob Rosen of
Spectrum Projects says that all you
need to do to perform the upgrade is
move two jumpers to the left of U21 and
another above U28. Another jumper
must be added, to the left of U 17. Then,
if you remove capacitors C58, C60, C62,
C64, C66, C68, C70 and C72 you will
have 64K. But, please, don't try any of
these upgrades yourself unless you
know quite a bit about electronics and
have some ability in this area.
******
IF YOU ARE INTERESTED in the
Unix operating system, or the C
language, you might check out Uni-Ops
(P.O. Box 5182, Walnut Creek, CA
94596-1182) for a list of courses. This
not-for-profit firm has an eight-page
catalog of short courses available.
LOSING BATTLES WITH
GLOOMSTICK?
PUT THE JOY BACK IN
COLOR COMPUTING
WITH A NEW
SPECTRUM
STICK
Features include:
Power on/off LED
indicator
Ball joint components
a true feel of control
More like arcade Joy-
sticks than anything
we've yet encountered
Rainbow review October
1982, Page 112
Extra long cables
Sturdy construction
Hair trigger response
Dealer inquries - invited.
. r
please send( ) SPECTRUM STICK(s) at
$39.95 each plus $2.00 shipping to
name
address
city,state,zip
(N.Y. residents add appropiate sales tax)
SPECTRUM PROJECTS
93-15 86 th DRIVE
WOODHAVEN, N.Y. 11421
RAINBOW
CERTIFICATION
SEAL
Page 98
the RAINBOW
December, 1982
Go
Adventuring
With
GAPAD
By Geoff Wells
I30, you enjoy adventure games. In fact, you like them so
much you would like to write your own. You're brimming
with creative ideas, but unfortunately you don't know how
to put them into properform. If the assumptions we'vemade
so far are correct, then you will most likely profit by reading
the three-article series, of which this is the first part.
Over the next several months, we plan to show you how to
create your own exciting adventure programs in only a few
hours. This month we present * GAPAD* the general all-
purpose adventure driver which, as the name suggests, can
be the basis for all your original adventure ideas. Next
month we will tell you how to plug your own scenario into
the drivers data statements, and the following month we will
publish the data for a completed original adventure.
The program as listed below will obviously not run as is,
but you should type it in and save it in this form so that you
can use it as a base for your own creations.
About the only changes you will make to * GAP A D* are
the values in the FOR NEXT loops. This is because the basic
structure of most adventures is the same, only the location
descriptions and stuff you collect changes. All this
information is read by the program from the data that you
supply. After you have saved the program as printed, load it
back in and make the changes listed below. These changes
will allow you to run the program and check for any typing
errors.
While you're waiting f or next month's issue, you can start
writing your own adventure. You must decide on the
location, things to find and what a player must do in order to
win. To design the map of the area to play on you will find it
helpful to use 4" X 5" cards, one for each room or area. That
way you can chance the design around without re-drawing a
complete map. Lay out each card as follows:
words (lamp, door, sword, gold, etc.) and which words go
together. For example, if your adventure has a river you
would not "get river" but you would "get lamp" or "swim
river
11
X= Y=
LOCATION DESCRIPTION:
POSSIBLE DIRECTIONS:
VISIBLE OBJECTS:
OBJECT KEY WORD:
COMMENTS:
You will also need a list of the first words you want to
recognize (get, drop, open, read, etc.). Possible second
The listing:
0 ' GAPAD**GENERAL ALL PURPOSE AD
VENTURE DRIVER**
1 * GEOFF WELLS
2 '21-12 EAST AVE N.
3 'HAMILTON-ONTARIO
4 ' CANADA-L8L 5H2
5 ' <416) 529-1319
6 'SPRING 1982
7 CLEAR500: ' ADD MACHINE ADDRESS
8 'DEFINE USR
10 DIMMC* <XX, YY) , IN* <7.7.) ,FW*<40)
,SW*<##) ,FC*<40) ,SC*<##) ,OL<**, 1
) ,OD*<**> ,OK*<**)
20 F0RNF=1T02: I N* < 7.7. ) = "*": NEXTNF
30 FORNF= 1 TO++ : RE ADDUMM Y* : NE X TNF
40 FORNF=1TO40:READFW*<NF) ,FC$(N
F) : NEXTNF
50 FORNF= 1 TO## : READSW* <NF) , SC* < N
F) : NEXTNF
60 forx=itoxx:fory=itoyy:readmc*
<x,y) : nexty, x
70 fornf=1to**:readol<nf,0) ,ol<n
f, 1) ,od*<nf) , ok*<nf) : nextnf
80 'read & poke machine lanquage
DATA
90 X=l: Y=l
100 D*=MID*<MC*<X,Y) , 1,6) :L1=VAL
<MID*<MC*<X, Y) ,7,2) ) : L2=VAL <MID*
<MC*<X,Y) ,9,2) ) :L3=VAL<MID*<MC*<
X, Y) , 11,2) ) :L4=VAL<MID*<MC*<X,Y)
, 13,2) >
110 RESTORE: L$=" "
1 20 FORNF= 1 TO&& : READDUMMY* : I FL 1 =
NF THENL*=DUMMY*: NEXTNF ELSENEXT
SPECTRUM PROJECTS
Authorized TDP-100 Dealer
PRESENTS
SIX GREAT TDP-100 PACKAGES
Buy a 16K with reular Basic
and get two RS joysticks,
Super Bust-Out ROMPACK,
light pen, SAM Saver and
technical manual. A $100
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Buy a 16K with Extended
Basic and get two RS
joysticks, Super Bust-Out
ROMPACK, Basic Aid, Light
Pen, SAM Saver and tech
manual. A $135 value !!!
Buy a D.C. Modem I with
ColorCom/E for $199.95 and
get an RS232 expansion
cable and a four pin to four
pin serial cable. A $25 value I!
Buy the Color Graphic Printer
and get a printer extension
cable, two rolls of paper, and
a four-pin to four-pin serial
cable. A $30 value !!!
Buy a Line Printer I (DMP-100)
and get an RS232 expansion
cable and a four pin to four
pin serial cable. A $40 value II!
Buy over $100 of ROMPACK
software and get a three-
foot ROMPACK extender. A
$30 value II!
SYSTEM 100 COMPUTERS:
10-1000 16K Basic Personal Computer
$379.95
10-1010
1 6K Extended Basic Personal Computer $479.95
PERIPHERAL EQUIPMENT:
10-1100
10-1130
10-1150
10-1250
10-1290
10-1101
10-1103
10-1102
10-1131
10-1132
10-1151
10-1200
10-1210
10-1251
10-1252
10-1270
SOFTWARE
10-1300
10-1301
10-1302
10-1303
10-1304
10-1305
10-1306
Color Graphic Printer I $249.00
Line Printer I $399.00
Mini-Disk $599.00
Computer Cassette Recorder $59.95
Modem I $149.00
Plotter Pens (3 Black) for 10-1100 $2.95
Plotter Pens (1 ea. Red, Green Blue) for 10-1100 $2.95
Paper 4% inch (3 rolls) for 10-1100 $4.95
Paper 9 1 / 2 inch - Line Printer I (500 sh./unit) $7.95
Ribbon - Line Printer I $8.95
Diskette 5 % inch $3.99
RS Joystick $12.95
Computer Dust Cover $4.95
Computer Cassette Tape (10 Minute) CT-10 $1.79
Computer Cassette Tape (20 Minute) CT-20 $3.69
Cable 4 Pin to 4 Pin $4.95
Super Bust-Out $29.95
Space Assault $29.95
Project Nebula $39.95
Polaris $29.95
Micropainter $39.95
Microbes $29.95
Shooting Gallery $29.95
10-1307
10-1308
10-1309
10-1310
10-1311
10-1312
10-1313
Personal Finance $39.95
Color File $29.95
Spectaculator $39.95
Color Scripsit $39.95
Learning Lab $49.95
Videotex $29.95
Chess $39.95
BUY DIRECT AND GET:
90 Day Warranty Parts and Service
52 Nationwide Service Centers
No Out Of State Sales Tax
Free Shipping and Handling
SPECTRUM PROJECTS
93-1 5 86th DRIVE
WOODHAVEN, NY 11421
Page 1 00
me KMIIMD^VV
uecemDer, i vb^
NF
1 30 FORNF= 1 TO » : RE ADDUMM Y* : I FL2=
NF THENL*=L*+DUMMY*: NEXTNF ELSEN
EXTNF
1 40 FORNF= 1 TO M : READDUMM Y* : I FL3=
NF THENL*=L*+DUMMY*: NEXTNF ELSEN
EXTNF
1 50 FORNF= 1 TO@@ : READDUMM Y* : I FL4=
NF THENL*=L*+DUMMY*: NEXTNF ELSEN
EXTNF
1 60 OB*= " " : FORNF= 1 TO** : I FOL < NF , 0
)=X ANDOL < NF , 1 ) = Y THENOB*=OB*+"-
"+OD* <NF) : NEXTNF ELSENEXTNF: IFOB
*=""THENOB*=" NOTHING SPECIAL"
170 CLS:P*="YOU ARE " +L* : GOSUB50
0
180 P*="I SEE"+OB*:GOSUB500
190 PR I NT "POSSIBLE DIRECTIONS "
191 IFMID*<D*, 1,1) ="N"THENPRINT"
NORTH ";
192 IFMID* <D*, 2, 1 ) = " S " THENPR I NT "
SOUTH ";
193 IFMID* <D*, 3, 1 ) = " E " THENPR I NT "
EAST ";
194 IFMID* <D*, 4, 1 ) ="W"THENPRINT"
WEST ";
195 IFMID* <D*, 5, 1 ) ="U"THENPRINT"
UP ";
196 IFMID* <D*, 6, 1 ) ="D"THENPRINT"
DOWN 11 ;
• Just what the Doctor ordered
for: EQUIPMENT CONTROL
DATA FILE CONTROL
PROGRAM CONTROL ™T
• An easy-to-follow documentation
system which will help both
beginners and experienced
professionals organize their
micro-computer installations
• Includes manual and complete set
of documentation forms
Send only $12.95 to:
MICRO-DOC
97 Montowese Trail
Wallingford, CT 06492
Send check or money order
only
No CT residents add
7*5%
COD sales tax
197 PRINT" ":PRINTSTRING*<32, "*")
■
200 INPUT "WHAT NOW BOSS:";C*
210 I FC*= " N " THEN60 1 ELSE I FC*= " S " T
HEN602ELSE I FC*= " E " THEN603ELSE I FC
*= •■ w " THEN604ELSE I FC*= " U " THEN605E
LSE I FC*= " D " THEN606ELSE I FC*= " LOOK
" THEN 1 60ELSE I FC*= " HELP " THEN650EL
SE I FC*= " SAVE " THEN700ELSE I FC*= " LO
AD " THEN800ELSE I FLEFT* <C*,2)="G0"
THENC*="*GO"
211 I FLEFT* <C*, 3) =" INVTHEN61 1EL
SE I FC*=» " SCORE " THEN3600
220 S=0 : SP=0 : FORNF= 1 TOLEN <C*) : IF
M I D* < C* , NF , 1 ) = " " THENS=NF : SP=SP+
l: NEXTNF ELSENEXTNF
230 I FS=0THENPR I NT "
WHAT? ":GOTO200
240 I FSP > 1 THENPR I NT " ONLY TWO WOR
DS PLEASE ":GOTO200
250 LC*=LEFT* <C*, S-l ) : RC*=RIGHT*
<C*,LEN<C*)-S) : IFRC*="UP"THENRC*
="*UP"
260 FC* < 0 ) = " * " : FORNF= 1 TO40 : I FLEF
T* < LC* , 3 ) =FW* < NF ) THENFC* < 0 ) =FC* <
NF) 2 NEXTNF ELSENEXTNF
270 IFFC*<0)="*"THENPRINT"I DON*
T RECOGNIZE THE VERB" : GOTO200
280 SC* < 0 ) = " * " : FORNF= 1 TO## : I FLEF
T* < RC* , 3 ) =SW* < NF ) THENSC* < 0 ) =SC* <
NF): NEXTNF ELSENEXTNF
300 IFSC*<0)="*"THENP*="I DON'T
KNOW WHAT A "+RC*+" IS":GOSUB500
: GOTO200
310 M=0: FORNF=l TOLEN <SC* <0) ): IFM
ID* (SC* (0) , NF, 1)=FC*<0)THENM=99:
NEXTNF ELSENEXTNF
320 IFM=0THENP*="I DON'T KNOW HO
W TO "+LC*+" A "+RC*:GOSUB500:GO
TO200
330 ON ASC < FC* < 0 ) > -64G0SUB 1 000 , 1 1
00, 1200, 1300, 1400, 1500, 1600, 1700
, 1800, 1900, 2000, 2100, 2200, 2300, 2
400, 2500, 2600, 2700, 2800, 2900, 300
0 , 3 1 00 , 3200 , 3300 , 3400 , 3500
340 I FR= 1 THENR=0 : GOTO 1 00ELSE200
500 I FLEN < P* ) >32THENP 1 *=LEFT* < P*
, 32 ) : P2*=R I GHT* < P* , LEN < P* ) -32 ) EL
SE I FLEN < P* ) =32THENPR I NTP* ; : RETUR
NELSEPR I NTP* : RETURN
510 IFLEFT*<P2*, 1)=" "THENP2*=RI
GHT*<P2*,LEN<P2*)-1) :PRINTP1*; :P
*=P2* : GOTO500
520 IFRIGHT*<P1*, 1)=" "ANDLEN <P1
* ) =32THENPR I NTP 1 * ; : P*=P2* : GOTO50
0ELSEIFRIGHT*<P1*, 1)=" "THENPRIN
TP 1 * : P*=P2* : GOTO500
530 P2*=R I GHT* < P 1 * , 1 ) +P2* : P 1 *=LE
FT* <P1*, LEN <P1*) -1 ) : GOTO520
601 IFMID*<D*, l,l)="N"THENY=Y-l:
_
THE COLOR COMPUTER SPECIALISTS
COLORFORTH
CCITTIFtCATtON
UAl
MOVE UP FROM BASIC! Forth is a new, high level language available now for the color computer.
COLORFORTH, a version of fig FORTH, has an execution time as much as lO to 20 times faster than Basic,
and can be programmed faster than basic. COLORFORTH is highly modular which make testing and
debugging much simpler. COLORFORTH has been specially customized for the color computer and re-
quires only 16K. It does not require extended Basic. When you purchase COLORFORTH, you receive both
cassette and RS/DISK versions, the standard fig EDITOR and an extensive instruction manual. Both ver-
sions and manual, all for only $49.95
ARMADILLO BUG
MACHINE LANGUAGE MONITOR
"Armadillo Bug" is an excellent system for beginners to learn to write and debug machine language
programs. This package includes: memory examine and change; move; punch and load; fill commands;
and more! Does not require extended Basic. Runs in 16K, Comes complete with printed manual.
Just , $14.95
BIORHYTHMS
A neat little program you can use to chart the future (or past). Hi-res graphics without extended Basic
being required. Runs in 16K. You will be impressed! With instructions, only $10.95
OTHER ITEMS OF INTEREST
"Starting Forth", a book by Leo Brodie. The best introductory Forth text available. 384 pages. Soft
cover $16.00
"Computers Piss Me Off'. Wear the official programmers badge. Large 2-1/4 inch yellow button says it
all! $1.50
"I My Color Computer". White button with black lettering and red heart. 2-1/4 inches. Only . . . $150
DEALER AND AUTHOR INQUIRIES INVITED
All items are post paid in U.S Texas Residents add 5 percent
Armadillo lnt'1 Software
P. O. BOX 7661
AUSTIN, TEXAS 78712 PHONE (512) 459-7325
Page 102
the RAINBOW
December, 1982
FULL SCREEN EDITOR
Tired of typing? Use the arrow keys to copy anything on
the screen. Unique buffer window shows the data in the
buffer as you key, 1-key lode allows keying basic words
with only one key. LEARN node allows you to define your
own functions. Stop keying and start copying! Order FSE
TODAY!
X Arrow Screen Control with auto-repeat and audible
response
X Unique Buffer Window
I One Key basic key words with user defined keys
X Automatic incrementing of line nuibers,
X Fast sachine language for 4k-32k with tape or disk
I Only $23.95 plus $1.00 postage & handling
REVERSI
Delite youself and friends with this exiting and
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will flash, sound will tinkle and your new score will be
displayed.
1 Three different board displays in color with sound
X Pieces flash as you win thef
I Eight levels of play
X Two hu&an players
X Take back play, Trade turns. Quit gate
X Super fast iachine language; I6k-32k tape or disk
X Only $14.95 plus $1.00 postage and handling
—
MASTER DIRECTORY
Put order in your life! Have your diskettes iultiplied
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out your problems and locate all of your programs. Only
takes a iinute to add all of the files on one diskette
to the master directory.
X Master listing by diskette nuiber with description
I Master listing of all your prograis in either
diskette sequence or prograa sequence.
X Basic for easy customizings fast sach lang sort
% Requires 32k with printer
X Only $19.95 plus postage and handling
— . —
SUPER DIRECTORY
This is the DIR coiiand that you wish you had! Select
only files starting with ? (1-8 char) or by ext type.
Unique 64 x 68 line screen; Use the arrow keys to move
your tv window thru SORTEI directory list. Optional
display to a printer.
X Shows 1st 6 granules used, etc
X Shows load, end, transfer address on mach lang prog
X Shows length of files
X Fast machine language
X Only $14.95 plus $1.00 postage & handling
VISA or Master Charge-add 3X
COD-add $3,00
HO residents include 4.625X tax.
Add $5 for product on disk
C0C0PR0
P.O. BOX 37022
ST LOUIS, HO 63141
GOTO100ELSE607
602 IFMID*<D*,2, 1 ) ="S"THENY=Y+1 :
GOTO100ELSE607
603 IFMID*<D*,3, 1 ) = "E"THENX=X+1 :
GOTO100ELSE607
604 IFMID*<D*,4, 1 ) ="W"THENX=X-1 :
GOTO100ELSE607
605 IFMID*<D*,5, 1 ) ="U"THENY=Y+/ :
GOTO100ELSE607
606 IFMID*<D*,6, 1 ) = " D " THEN Y=Y-/ :
GOTO 100
607 PR I NT "YOU CAN'T GO THAT WAY"
: GOTO200
610 * INVENTORY
611 IN*<0)= F0RNF=1T07.7.: IFIN*<
NF)O"*"THENF0RI = lT0**: IFIN*<NF)
=OK* ( I ) THEN I N* (0) = IN* (0) +"-"+OD*
< I ) : NEXT I : NEXTNF ELSENEXTI : NEXTN
F ELSENEXTNF
612 IFIN* <0)=" "THENIN* <0)="YOU A
RE NOT CARRYING ANYTHING "ELSE IN*
<0)="YOU ARE CARRYING"+IN*<0)
613 P*=IN*<0) ZGOSUB500
614 GOTO200
650 PRINT" IT IS NOT IN MY POWER
TO HELP":GOTO200
700 CLS: INPUT "READY TAPE<PLAY 8c
RECORD>ENTER" ; E*
710 OPEN"0",-l, "GAPADFIL":PRINT#
- 1 , X , Y , SC : FORNF= 1 TO%% : PR I NT#- 1 , I
N* ( NF ) : NEXTNF : FORZ = 1 TOX X : FORW= 1 T
OYY: PRINT#-1 , MC* ( Z , W) : NEXTW, Z : FO
RNF= 1 TO** : PR I NT#- 1 , OL <NF, 0) , OL (N
F, 1 ) : NEXTNF: CLOSE: GOTO 100
800 CLS: INPUT "READY TAPE< PLAY >EN
TER" ;E*
810 OPEN" I " , -1 , "GAPADFIL" : INPUT#
-1,X, Y,SC:F0RNF=1T07.7.: INPUT#-1, I
N* < NF ) : NEXTNF : FORZ= 1 TOX X : FORW= IT
OYY: INPUT#-1,MC*<Z,W) : NEXTW, z:fo
RNF=1T0**: INPUT#-1,OL<NF,0) ,OL(N
F , 1 ) : NEXTNF : CLOSE : GOTO 1 00
1000 IN*<0)= F0RNF=1T07.7.: IFIN*
<NF)=RC* THENIN*<0)="YOU ALREADY
HAVE THE "+RC*: NEXTNF ELSENEXTN
F
1001 IFIN*<0)O""THEN1050
1010 F0RNF=1T07.7-: IFIN* (NF) ="*"TH
EN IN* <0) =STR* <NF) : NEXTNF ELSENEX
TNF
1020 IFIN* <0) =" "THENIN* <0) ="YOU
CAN'T CARRY ANY MORE" : GOT 01 050
1 030 FORNF= 1 TO** : I FRC*=OK* ( NF ) AN
DOL<NF,0)=X ANDOL ( NF , 1 ) = Y THENIN
*(VAL(IN*<0) > )=OK*(NF) :OL(NF,0)=
-l:OL<NF, l)=-l: IN*(0)= NEXTNF
ELSENEXTNF
1040 IFIN* <0) =" " THENR= 1 ELSE I N* <0
)="I DON'T SEE A "+RC*
1050 PRINTIN*<0) : RETURN
December, 1982
the RAINBOW
Page 103
1100 IN«(0>-"":FORNF-1TO%%: IFIN*
<NF)=RC* THENIN*<0>="*": IN*<NF> =
" * " : FORCK= 1 TO** : I FOK* < CK ) =RC* TH
ENOL<CK,0)=X:OL<CK, 1)=Y:NEXTCK E
LSENEXTCK: NEXTNF ELSENEXTNF
1110 IFIN*<0>= ,,, 'THENPRINT , 'YOU AR
E NOT CARPING THAT" : RETURNELSER=
1 : RETURN
1200 GOTO3700: * LOOK EXAMINE
1300 PRINT'USE N S E W U D FOR D
IRECTIONS" : RETURN
1400 GOTO3700: 'OPEN
1500 GOTO3700: 'CLOSE
1600 GOTO3700: 'HIT ATTACK KILL
1700 GOTO3700: 'LOCK
1800 GOTO3700: 'UNLOCK
1900 GOTO3700: 'MOVE LIFT TILT TW
1ST PUSH PULL SHOVE
2000 GOTO3700: 'CLIMB
2100 GOTO3700: 'PLAY
2200 P*="OK M, +RC$+"' NOTHING
HAPPENED" : GOSUB500: RETURN: ' SAY
2300
GOTO3700!
: 9 READ
2400
GOTO3700!
: ' RUB
2500
GOTO3700!
: ' TURN
2600
GOTO3700!
: ' TOUCH
2700
GOTO3700!
: ' ASK
2800
GOTO3700:
: ' JUMP
2900
GOTO3700!
: 'SWIM
3000
GOTO3700!
: 'KICK
3100
GOTO3700:
: ' SMASH
3200
GOTO3700 :
: ' WIPE
3300
GOTO3700:
: ' TRY USE
3400
GOTO3700:
: 'EAT
3500
GOTO3700 :
: 'DRINK
3600
PR I NT "YOUR PRESENT SCORE IS
";sc:
GOTO200
3700 PRINT" I AM NOT PROGRAMED FO
R THAT": RETURN
4000 * LOOP CODES
'** TOTAL SECOND WORDS
'** TOTAL OBJECTS
• '7.7. OBJECTS POSSIBLE TO HOL
4001
4002
4003
D
4004
'tttc TOTAL 1ST LOCATION PHRA
4005 ' >> TOTAL 2ND LOCATION PHRA
4006
9
TOTAL 3RD LOCATION PHRA
4007 *e@ TOTAL 4TH LOCATION PHRA
'YY NUMBER OF ROWS IN MAP
'XX NUMBER OF COLUMNS IN MA
'++ TOTAL OF &&+»+ AA +ee
'/ Y OFFSET FOR UP/DOWN
* VARIABLE LIST
"MC^XXjYY) MAP CO-ORDINATE
S-HOLDS CODES FOR DIRECTION AND
4008
4009
P
4010
4011
4012
4013
GOLDLABEL
BLANK CASSETTES
★ PREMIUM 5 SCREW SHELL
★ COMPUTER DATA QUALITY *L0W NOISE
★ MADE IN USA ★GUARANTEED
1 DOZEN C-10 LENGTH $8.50 + $2.50 shpg.
2 DOZEN C-10 LENGTH $16.00 + $3.50 shpg.
1 DOZEN C-30 LENGTH $12.50 + $2.50 shpg.
2 DOZEN C-30 LENGTH $23.50 + $3.50 shpg.
Individual storage boxes (sold only with cassettes) $2.40 per dozen.
CASSETTE CADDY: $5.49 + $2.00 shpg.
2 for $10.00 + $3.00 shpg.
Free shipping on one caddy with each dozen cassettes.
Foreign orders include shipping at 16 oz. per dozentapes/9 oz. per
caddy/13 oz. per dozen boxes. Shipped in U.S. by UPS.
CASSETTE CADDY
TIRED OF MISPLACED TAPES AND A CLUTTERED WORK AREA? TRY
OUR HINGED TOP SMOKED PLASTIC CADDY THAT HOLDS 12 TAPES IN
ONE HANDY LOCATION. EDGE LABELS INCLUDED TO IDENTIFY TAPES.
RAINBOW
CCRTlf HlATliHi
Visa and Mastercard accepted (include expiration date) Orders paid by
cashier's check, money order or bankcard are shipped within 48 hours.
Personal check takes 1-2 wks. No COD. Some foreign sales are restricted.
Texas residents add 5% tax.
COLOR SOFTWARE SERVICES
P.O. BOX 1708, DEPT. R
GREENVILLE, TEXAS 75401
Telephone Orders: (214) 454-3674 9-4 Monday-Saturday
★ DEALER INQUIRIES INVITED
* QUANTITY DISCOUNTS AVAILARLE
Page 1 04
the RAINBOW
December, 1 982
LOCATION DESCRIPTION
4014 9 I N* <'/.'/.) INVENTORY
4015 'FW*<40> 1ST WORDS
4016 'SW*<##> 2ND WORDS
4017 'FC*<40> FIRST COMMAND ON G
OSUB CODE LETTER
4018 'SC*<##> SECOND COMMAND COM
PATIBILITY CODE LETTERS
4019 'OB* OBJECTS AT PRESENT LOC
AT I ON
4020 'OL<««,0) ,OL<**, 1) X,Y LOCA
TION OF OBJECTS
4021 *OD*<**) FULL DESCRIPTION O
F OBJECTS
4022 'OK*<**) OBJECT KEY WORDS
4023 'NF LOOPS
4024 'D* DIRECTION ALLOWED PRESE
NT LOCATION
4025 'L1,L2,L3,L4 POSITION OF LO
CATION PHRASE IN DATA
4026 'L* COMPLETE DESCRIPTION PR
ESENT LOCATION
4027 'DUMMY* DATA DUMP
4028 'P*,P1*,P2* PRINTING WITHOU
T BREAKING WORDS
4029 'C* COMMAND INPUT
4030 'LC* 1ST COMMAND WORD
4031 'RC* 2ND COMMAND WORD
4032 'S POSITION OF SPACE IN C*
4033 'SP NUMBER OF SPACES IN C*
4034 'M CHECK FOR WORD MATCH
4035 'CK, I LOOPS
4036 'R SET TO 1 TO SEND PROGRAM
TO LINE 100 ON RETURN FROM SUBR
OUTINES
4037 ' Z,W REPLACES X,Y FOR SAVE
& LOAD
10000 DATA FOR LOCATION DESCRIPT
ION
20000 DATA GET , A, TAK , A, DRO, B , PUT
, B, LOO, C, EX A, C, RUN, D, WAL, D, *GO, D
,OPE,E,CLO,F,HIT,G,ATT,G,KIL,G,L
OC,H,UNL, I, MOV, J,LIF, J, TIL, J,TWI
, J, PUS, J,PUL, J,SHO, J,CLI,K,PLA,L
, SAY, M, REA , N, RUB, O, TUR, P, TOU, Q, A
SK,R, JUM,S,SWI,T,KIC,U,SMA,V,WIP
, W, TRY, X, USE, X , EAT, Y, DRI , Z
FIVE EXCITING GAMES
LINE DANCE
COSMIC TRASH COLLECTOR
SPACE FIGHT
TRAP' EM
INTERCEPT
All on a single cassette
for your Color Computer.
I 6K Ext . BAS IC requ i red.
Some gomes need Joystick.
Send check or M. 0. for
$15.95 to:
P. 0. Box
Cherry Hi
I 6
NJ 0803V
30000 DATA FOR SECOND WORDS+COMP
ATIBLE FIRST WORD CODES EG: -LAM,
ABCJOQV
40000 DATA FOR DIRECTION ALLOWED
AND LOCATION DESCRIPTION CODES
EG: -*SE***02030809
50000 DATA FOR OBJECTS-X,Y START
ING LOCATIONS-FULL DESCRIPT I ON-K
EY WORD EG: -5, 12, A SMALL GOLDEN
RING, RING
60000 DATA 'MACHINE CODE TO POKE
Software Review...
Reversi is Chip
Off Popular Old Block
The computer screen, especially CoCo, with its vivid color
displays is wonderfully adaptable to the board-game
format. In the case at hand, an ancient Chinese board game,
which In modern times has come to be known as Othello,has
been updated to a digitally-stored board in an
electromagnetic box and renamed Reversi. Maybe its a sign
of the times, but the first I ever laid eyes on this age-old
diversion it was already in its machine-language, electronic
state. And I thoroughly enjoyed it.
First of all, I'm especially fond of games that keep the
rules simple and place the difficulty into playing strategy.
This must be a fairly universal predisposition, as evidenced
by Reversi s trek through the ages in its pre-electronicform.
Reversi is played on a standard eight-by-eight board with
64 markers that are different colors on each side. Two
players (the computer can be a player in this case) alternate
play by laying a marker on an unoccupied square until all
legal moves have been made. A 'legal' move is placing your
marker (a blinking cursor) on an unoccupied square with at
least one of your opponent's markers between your new
marker and one of your existing markers. You can do this
horizontally, vertically or diagonally. By entering your
move (laying your marker) you capture your opponent's
markers which lie on the direct line between yours; their
colors reverse, and those markers now belong to you. When
there are no more legal moves, the game is over, and the
player with the most markers wins. Simple — and fun.
Reversi gives you a choice of colors for board,
background and markers in several combinations, a choice
of opponents (either CoCo or a human friend), and either
joystick or keyboard control. After trying both control
systems, I f ound that this is one of the f ew games I prefer to
play via keyboard. Your lack of joysticks should be no
drawback, here. When I mentioned choice of opponents just
now, I should have counted CoCo as eight separate
contenders, each one more adroit than the last, as Reversi
has that many levels of difficulty to choose from.
Score is kept along the right side of the board, so you
don't even have to count your markers — unless you're a
very skeptical loser. I lost to my programmed opponent
more often than not, and still enjoyed the game.
All in all, I would say this is a very good show from
COCOPRO.
(COCOPRO, P.O.Box 37022, St. Louis, MO 63141,
$14.95 tape or disk)
—Courtney Noe
"THE ALTERNATIVE
COLOR COMPUTER
DISK SYSTEMS
SS 449 95 200 K BYTES
USER STORAGE
S 549 95 "Z" 400 K BYTES
40 TRACK
DRIVE
ROM SOFTWARE
a Full Featured
Basic Compatible DOS
USER STORAGE
JT I VVHKC INCLUDES; TG-99 Disk Controller W/CCMD 9 DOS
. . ROM • 40 Or 80 Track Disk Drive * Power Supply *
f hi nnc Case * 2 Dr ' ve Cabfe * 9 Di5k utl,IC V Programs
npariDie UUb . CCEDT9 Dfsk Text Editor • Disk Text Processor i
Manufactured under License From Tali Crass Technologies
Editor / Assembler CO-RES9 system Monitor trsmon
CO-RES9 is a Co-resident Editor/Assembler that
will allow you to create, edit and assemble
machine language programs for the color com-
puter, it will quickly and efficiently convert
assembly language programs into machine code
files. It will output machine object code to either
cassette tape in a CLOADM' compatible format or
directly to memory for direct execution. f|Q\|\|
CO-RES9 editor /assembler tape
w/manual :^££r#sr $29.95
R.S. DISK EDITOR & ASSEMBLER Disk
w/ manual z$^er^ $49.95
64K Version Now Available— FLEX Not Required
TRSMON is a 2K machine language monitor pro-
gram for use in any color computer system. A
Monitor is a program which allows the user to
directly manipulate the computer. Small pro-
grams may be hand assembled and entered into
ram and executed. Program execution can be
stopped at any point by using breakpoints to see
if it is functioning properly or check its status.
TRSMON provides all of the standard functions
found in most system monitor programs as well
as a printer/terminal driver package. Printer and
Terminal modes can be used at rates varying from
300 to 9600 baud and can be changed at any time.
TRSMON on tape w/manual $19.95
DATA PACK
TERMINAL PACKAGE
Full Text Buffering
Terminal Baud Rates 300 To 9600 Baud
Automatic word wrap Eliminates split words
Full/Half Duplex
Automatic File Capture
Programmable word Length, Parity & stop Bits
Automatic Buffer Size At Memory Limit
Save & Load Text Buffer To Tape Or Disk
Send Files Directly From Buffer Or Disk
Full Disk Support For Disk version
Printer Baud Rates 110-4800
Send Control codes From Keyboard
ASCII Compatible File Format
5566 Ricochet Avenue
Las vegas, Nevada 89110
RAINBOW
CtRTtftCATK*
SEAL
• Display On Screen Or Output contents Of Buffer
To Printer
we also have a disk version available called "DISKPACK."
It includes all the commands mentioned plus com-
mands for disk control. They include: Disk Load, Disk
Save, Directory, Send Disk File and Kill Disk File, as usual
all files are Basic compatible ASCII formatted files
which are also compatible with our Text Editor and
word Processor programs.
Datapackon tape w/manual $24.95
Diskpackfor R.S. disk w/manual $49.95
DiskpackforcCMD 9 w/manual $39.95
(702) 452-0632
All Orders Shipped
From Stock
Add $2.50
Postage
Page 1 06
the RAINBOW
December, 1 982
o_ i o i o a
Target Practice:
Let's
Blast Those
"Vaders"
By Dennis S. Lewandowski
Rainbow Contributing Editor
(Mr. Lewandowski, an experienced assembly language programmer
and teacher, is president of DSL Computer Products.)
Last month we made a base with the capability of
shooting, but nothing to shoot at. This month we are going
to give you some targets. If you typed in last month's
program, or if you received Rainbow on Tape, entering the
program should be no trouble, as this is a continuation of it.
The added lines are all marked with asterisks. This way all
you have to do is insert them, rather than retype the entire
program. What? You haven't entered last month's
program?! Well, what can I say? You'll just have to type it all
in to catch up.
Before we look at this month's listing I have two
corrections. ONE: The screen dump program in the
Septmeber '82 Rainbow will not work with STANDARD
Basic unless you add two lines.
LDA #$7E JUMP OPCODE
STA S016A POSITION FOR OPCODE
Insert these instructions betweeen lines 4 and 5; otherwise
the screen dump routine will be ignored until you get
Extended Basic. Yes Virginia, some people still don't have
Extended!
TWO: The JOYSTK routine only stores values between
zero and 63. Rather than zero to 255, 255 is the value of the
memory location if a joystick is not plugged in.
This month we are going to set up and use memory
locations as counters. In the EQUate table we have added
four new memory locations labeled COUNT, POS for
position, NWPOS for new position, and HITS. Rather than
use the method setting a specific value for a routine, we are
going to set up counters so we may reuse routines for larger
or smaller data movements. Going down the listing, the next
step is to zero our new variable locations, as we do in lines 20
and 22. When should we draw our targets? Probably right
after we draw the base. The next section we insert, lines 31
and 40, does just that. First, we set up the counter for the
number of "vaders" we want per line. Eight "vaders" will
give us half a line on the screen. Now where do they go? Let's
leave some space at the top of the screen, say one line. OK,
the number of targets is stored in the memory location
labeled COUNT, and the position where we wish to have
them drawn is stored in POS.
To display the targets we use a routine called VLOOP, for
"vader" loop. Before we get too far into VLOOP, I should
point out that POS, and NWPOS, are variables. In line 35
we resave the starting memory location, since we are going
to modify this data while drawing the targets. Next, we load
the Y register with the VADER graphic. In line 37 we do
something a little different — we branch to LOOP, the same
routine we use for drawing the base. Once finished drawing
the first vader, we DECrement the COUNT memory
location. Now we only have seven in COUNT, which is the
same as the number of vaders left to draw. Since COUNT is
not equal to zero, the test in line 39 fails. We hae to reload
the X register with the last graphic position, since drawing
the vader has modified the X register. Now, we add two by
loading the B register with two, and adding B to X. This
process is repreated until all eight vaders are drawn. This is
known as a "down-counter." Once the value of COUNT
equals zero, the test in line 39 is true, and the program
branches to GETKEY, the main body of this program.
Once we get to GETKEY, we find this too has been
changed. Instead of finding the usual waiting for a keypress,
we find an INCrement of COUNT. The next line, 68, says
BEQ M O VE. Time out for a moment. If we Brance (if equal)
we're looking for a zero. And if we increment, we're adding
one each time through the loop, so how do we get to zero?
Once the number of increments reaches 255, what comes
next? Remember this is an eight bit counter, af ter 255 comes
zero. The test in line 68 is true, and we branch to MOVE.
After all, what's the fun in shooting stationary targets.
At MOVE, line 1 14, we find a need for the starting
position of the line of vaders. There are eight vaders, each
one-memory-byte wide, and three bytes in height. Three
rows of data equal 96 bytes, or $60 hex. This is the value we
set our next down-counter to. Going through a series of
loades and stores, we shift the data one byte. During this
loop you may notice we decrement the count twice, yet only
perform one test for zero. Since $60 is an even number, we
can get away with skipping the odd number counts. Once the
data, vaders in this case, are moved, we have to clean up the
graphic data in the start position. To do this, we load the A
register with a zero, and store it in the starting byte. Instead
of loading X withthe start location, and incrementing it with
the familiar "X+" instruction, we turn POS into a counter.
Incrementing POS+ 1 , we are actually adding one to the LSB
(Least Significant Byte) of the data the X register will use the
next time this routine is called.
Well, that's it for this month. I would like to take this
opportunity to wish you all a Merry Christmas, and a
Happy, Healthy New Year.
The listing:
0001
0600
NAM SPACE
mi
0600
HYRES
EQU $E00
0003
0600
VAR
EQU $300
0004
0600
NEWPL
EQU $302
0005
0600
COUNT
EQU $304
*************
0006
0600
POS
EQU $306
*************
0007
0600
NWPOS
EQU $308
*************
0008
0600
HITS
EQU $30A
*************
0009
0600
SHOT
EQU $B0
0010
0600
ORG $1A00
0011
1A00
86C0
START
LDA #$C0
MEDIUM GRAFICS
0012
1A02
B7FF22
STA $FF22
SET CONTROL
0013
1A05
B7FFC7
STA $FFC7
MOVE SCREEN UP
0014
1A08
B7FFC9
STA $FFC9
INTO HIGH MEM
0015
1A0D
B7FFCB
STA $FFCB
FOR DISK USERS
0016
1A0E
B7FFC5
STA $FFC5
SET VDG
0017
1AU
CC0000
SCREN
LDD #0
PUT 0 IN D
0018
1A14
B70300
STA VAR
PUT 0 IN VAR
0019
1A17
FD0306
STD POS
ZERO IT********
0020
1A1A
FD0308
STD NWPOS
ZERO IT******
0021
1A1D
FD030A
STD HITS
ZERO HITS*****
0 <>
JOYSTICKS
AFFORDABLE
ONLY
$18.95
TWO FOR
$35.95
RAINBOW
REVIEWED
OCT. 1982
ACCURATE
SMOOTH
RESPONSE
BUILT TO
LAST
Tired of broken joysticks? We offer an affordable joystick based on proven components. Each unit is hand
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c
EXCELLENT PROGRAMS FROM
LEADING SOFTWARE HOUSES^
PRICKLY-PEAR SOFTWARE
15% C"
*VIKING
Go from landowner to King!
*GANG BUSTERS
Lead a life of crime and win!
* FANTASY GAMER'S PACKAGE
Generates dungeons, characters,
and monsters and includes
sample module.
PANDORA'S BOX
Includes: "pac" game, "defender-
type" game, Divebomb, Blockade,
slot machine, and Squares
(similar to cube).
*PREREAD I, II, & III
Prepare your preschooler to learn
to read
$16.95
SOSES'
$16.95
$1*^5"
$16.95
$21.20
COMPUTERWARE
15% OFF
$24^5-
$21.20
DOODLE BUG
New! Like Ladybug.
RAIL RUNNER
New! Like Frogger.
PAC ATTACK
Bigger maze than the original.
STORM
A real Tempest!
COLOR INVADERS
Like the original.
$21.20
$16.95
$21.20
$21.20
$16.95
MARK DATA PRODUCTS:
HAYWIRE Will drive you BEZERK!
BLACK SANCTUM Challenging adv.!
ASTRO BLAST New!
COLORSOFT:
*MATH DERBY Fun while learning!
*STOCK ANALYZERNew version
disk compatable &added printer output.
KONG IS HERE!
$24.95 ^
$19.95 ^
$24.95
$11.95
$21.95
TOM MIX SOFTWARE:
KATERPILLAR ATTACK Fast Action!
SNAK PAK Great arcade action!
*SHIP WRECK Great adventure!
WAR KINGS Two player action.
*MOON LANDER 2 games in 1
*CASINO 3 Game Pack
TAPE DUPE Copies any ML tape.
$24.95 < ^
$24.95
$14.95
$19.95 / Q
$15.95 rf^i
$12.95
$16.95
•Requires 16K Ext. Basic minimum - others 16K Std. Basic minimum.
Call or write for free catalog.
WE PAY postage on all software orders. Add $2.00 for shipping
joysticks (unless purchased with software ■ then we'll pay).
Please add $1.50 for C.O.D. orders.
Allow 2 weeks for personal checks to clear.
ENDICOTT SOFTWARE
P.O. Box 12543, Huntsville, AL 35802
(205) 881-0506
PHONE OPEN 7 DAYS A WEEK!
32Korner
TOM MIX's
DONKEY KING
4 Screens - Full action!
PROTECTORS Brand new Defender type
So good it had to go to 32K
PRICKLY-PEAR'S
*32K FANTASY GAMER'S PACKAGE %2**G
Like 16K version, but much more!
$24.95
$24.95
$21.20
'Requires 32K Ext. Basic Minimum - others 32K Std. Basic minimum
Page 108
the RAINBOW
December, 1982
0022 1A20 8E0E00
0023 1A23 ED81
0024 1A25 8C1A00
0025 1A28 26F9
0026 1A2A 8E19AE
0027 1A2D BF0302
0028 1A30 108E1A72
0029 1A34 8D21
0030 1A36 8608
0031 1A38 B70304
0032 1A3B 8E0E20
0033 1A3E BF0306
0034 1A41 BF0308
0035 1A44 108E1A82
0036 1A48 8D10
0037 1A4A 7A0304
0038 1A4D 273C
0039 1A4F BE0308
0040 1A52 C602
0041 1A54 3A
0042 1A55 20EA
0043 1A57 BE0302
0044 1A5A A6A0
0045 1A5C 8100
0046 1A5E 2708
0047 1A60 8101
0048 1A62 2708
0049 1A64 8120
0050 1A66 2505
0051 1A68 A780
0052 1A6A 20EE
0053 1A6C 39
0054 1A6D 1F89
0055 1A6F 3A
0056 1A70 20E8
0057 1A72 801E
0058 1A74 2AAA1E
0059 1A77 2AAA01
0060 1A7A 001E
0061 1A7C 00001E
0062 1A7F 000001
0063 1A82 76001E
0064 1A85 55001E
0065 1A88 410001
0066 1ASB 7C0304
0067 1A8E 2771
0068 1A90 BDA1C1
0069 1A93 27F6
0070 1A95 8109
0071 1A97 2710
0072 1A99 8108
0073 1A9B 2728
0074 1A9D 8120
0075 1A9F 2741
0076 1AA1 8158
0077 1AA3 1027009E
0078 1AA7 20E2
0079 1AA9 BE0302
0080 1AAC 8C19BF
0081 1AAF 27DA
LDX IHYRES
PCLS
STD
,X*+
CHPX I$1A00
BNE
PCLS
LDX
#$19AE
STX
NEWPL
LDY
IBASE
BSR
DRBS
LDA
18
STA
COUNT
LDX
t$0E20
STX
POS
VLOOP
STX
NWPOS
LDY
♦VADER
BSR
LOOP
DEC
COUNT
BEQ
GETKEY
LDX
NWPOS
LDB
12
ABX
BRA
VLOOP
DRBS
LDX
NEWPL
LOOP
LDA
CMPA #0
BEQ OK
CMPA 11
PUT START IN X
DOUBLE TIME
END OF SCRN
CLEAR THAT SCRN
START POS' IN
SAVE LOCATION
GET BASE 6RAFIC
DRAW BASE
I OF VADERS*****
SET # *******
VADR START**
SAVE POS*****#*
SAVE HERE TO*
GET GRAPHIC*
DISPLAY IT****
8 YET?*******
OK DONE*****
GET POS******
NEXT POSITION***
ADD TWO ********#*#
TILL DONE****
GET BASE POS'IN
PUT GRAFIC IN A
CLS GRAPHIC
LET IT PASS
ARE WE DONE
0082
1AB1
108E1A7A
0083
1AB5
8DA0
0084
1AB7
7C0303
0085
1ABA
BE0302
0086
1ABD
108E1A72
0087
1AC1
8D94
0088
1AC3
20C6
0089
1AC5
BE0302
0090
1AC8
8C19A1
0091
1ACB
27BE
0092
1ACD
108E1A7A
0093
1AD1
8D84
0094
1AD3
7A0303
0095
1AD6
BE0302
0096
1AD9
108E1A72
0097
1ADD
BD1A57
0098
1AE0
20A9
0099
1AE2
FC0302
0100
1AE5
830020
0101
1AE8
10830E00
0102
1AEC
259D
0103
1AEE
1F01
0104
1AF0
E684
0105
1AF2
2E34
0106
1AF4
8680
0107
1AF6
A784
0108
1AF8
4A
0109
1AF9
26FD
0110
1AFB
A784
0111
1AFD
1F10
0112
1AFF
20E4
0113
1B01
BE0306
0114
1B04
8660
0115
1B06
B70301
0116
1B09
A680
0117
1B0B
E684
0118
1B0D
A780
0119
1B0F
7A0301
0120
1B12
A684
0121
1B14
E780
0122
1B16
7A0301
0123
1B19
26F0
0124
1B1B
BE0306
0125
1B1E
8600
0126
1B20
A7S4
0127
1B22
7C0307
0128
1B25
7E1A8B
0129
1B28
7C030A
0130
1B2B
1F10
0131
1B2D
830040
0132
1B30
1F01
0133
1B32
108E1A7A
0134
1B36
BD1A5A
0135
1B39
B6030A
0136
1B3C
8108
0137
1B3E
1027FEBE
0138
1B42
7E1A8B
0139
1B45
0A71
0140
1B47
7EA027
0141
1B4A
LDY ICLNUP
BSR DRBS
INC NEWPL+1
LDX NEWPL
LDY IBASE
BSR DRBS
BRA GETKEY
MOVLF LDX NEWPL
CMPX t$19Al
BEQ GETKEY
LDY ICLNUP
BSR DRBS
DEC NEWPL+1
LDX NEWPL
LDY IBASE
JSR DRBS
BRA GETKEY
FIRE LDD NEWPL
L00P1 SUBD #$20
CMPD IS0E00
BLO GETKEY
TFR D,X
LDB ,X
BGT HIT
LDA #$80
STA ,X
L00P2
DECA
BNE L00P2
STA ,X
Will I f I
TFR X.D
MM n 1 V
BRA L00P1
MOVE
LDX POS
LDA #$60
STA VAR+1
Will Tllli'a
i nA y+
LUn , A~
AA
LDB ,X
STA ,X+
DEC VAR+1
LDA ,X
STB ,X+
DEC VAR+1
BNE AA
LDX POS
LDA #0
STA ,X
INC POS+1
JMP GETKEY
HIT
INC HITS
TFR X,D
SUBD #$40
TFR D,X
LDY ICLNUP
JSR LOOP
LDA HITS
CMPA #8
LBEQ START
JMP GETKEY
BACK
DEC $71
JMP $A027
END START
BLANK GRAPHIC
ERASE OLD POS' IN
ONE PLACE
GET POSITION
GET GRAPHIC
DISPLAY IT
DONE
GET CURRENT LOC
LF LIMIT
TOO FAR
BLANK BASE
ERASE
ONE SPACE
GET LOCATION
GET GRAPHIC
DISPLAY*******
DONE
GET BASE LOC
NEXT LINE UP
TOP OF SCREEN
BACK TO MAIN
SWITCH X fc D
HIT?*********###
IF DO IT*******
SHOT GRAPHIC
DISPLAY SHOT
SMALL WAIT
SO WE CAN SEE
CLEAN UP SHOT
SWITCH BACK
TO THE TOP
GET LINE ADR**#
# OF BYTES****
SAVE I ******
BET BYTE*******
GET NEXT BYTE***
MOVE BYTE******
COUNTER-1****
GET ANOTHER*****
PUT IN POS'N***
ONE DONE*****
DONE YET?*******
GET LINE ADR**#
BLANK GRAPHIC***
CLEAN START POS*
NEW LOCATION*
GOTO MAIN***
I OF HITS*****
SWITCH X&D*****
POSITION*****
BACK IN X******
GET BLANK***
ERASE VADER***
GET NUMBER****
ALL 60NE?******
GO AGAIN****
60T0 MAIN***
-1 RESTART VECTOR
BACK TO BASIC
MUWOW
BEQ DONE
CMPA #$20
BLO
OFFSET
OK
STA
,X+
BRA
LOOP
DONE
RTS
OFFSET TFR
A,B
ABX
BRA
LOOP
BASE
FCB
$80,$1E
FCB
$2A,$AA,$1
FCB
$2A,$AA,1
CLNUP
FCB
0,$1E
FCB
0,0, $1E
FCB
0,0,1
VADER
FCB
$76,0, $1E
FCB
$55,0, $1E
FCB
$41,0,1
GETKEY
INC
COUNT
BEQ
MOVE
JSR
$A1C1
BEQ
GETKEY
CMPA 19
BEQ MOVRT
CMPA 18
BEQ MOVLF
CMPA #$20
BEQ FIRE
CMPA #$58
LBEQ BACK
BRA GETKEY
MOVRT LDX NEWPL
CMPX #$19BF
BEQ GETKEY
IS IT OFFSET
THEN DOIT
IF NOT DISPLAY IT
NEXT GRAPHIC
RETURN
SWITCH A WITH B
ADD B & X
CONTINUE
TOP & OFFSET
MIDDLE
BOTTOM
TOP
MIDDLE
BOTTOM
TOP******
MIDDLE***
BOTTOM*****
TIMER********
IS IT TIME?***
INKEY$
RT ARROW?
MOVE RIGHT
LF ARROW?
MOVE LEFT
SPACE?
SHOOT SHOT
X?
EXIT ********
NONE OF ABOVE
GET CURRENT LOC
RT LIMIT
TO FAR
NEW
for your
COLOR
COMPUTER
Release the potential
of your Color Computer. . .
Use up to 5 compatible Color Computer cartridges at the same
time with the BT-1000 Expansion Interface Unit.
• The BT-1000 is limitless combinations. Plug in your disk
controller, memory boards, Real Time Clock/Calendar,
printer interface, experimental boards— all at one time.
• The BT-1000 is adaptable. Up to five functional peripheral
cartridges, in your choice of combinations, will run with
any configuration, any size memory of the Color Computer.
• The BT-1000 is flexible. Four 24-pin sockets hold up to
8K static RAM or EPROM (can be supplied with an
extra 8K RAM).
• The BT-1000 is safe. It will not overload, overheat or
damage your Color Computer in any way.
1. Has own built-in power supply.
2. Effectively isolated by a buffered cable.
That's not all Basic Technology has to offer. . .
Record date and time on all programs, files, letters, with the
accurate, programmable BT-1020 Real Time Clock/Calendar.
• Plugs into your BT-1000 or directly into the Color
Computer expansion slot.
• Adds day, date, month, year, hours, minutes, seconds
(12/24 hr.)
• Includes internal NiCad battery, crystal controlled to
0.001% accuracy (charges when your computer is on)
• Has 50 bytes of battery backed general purpose memory
All Basic Technology components
are first-line quality.
• gold board-edge connectors
• glass epoxy PC boards
• 180-day full parts and labor
warranty on all components
Your Basic Technology components arrive assembled, tested,
ready to plug in and turn on. A comprehensive User/Service
Manual is included with complete schematics, PC component
layouts, parts lists and hints on mapping your peripheral add-
ons anywhere in the CPU addressable memory. Write for free
brochure.
BT-1000 incl. cable $270
BT-1000 w/8K RAM $300
BT-1020 Clock/Calendar $109
Add $5.00 shipping & handling for BT-1000, $2.50 for BT-1020.
Michigan residents add 4% sales tax. Shipping & handling for
residents of Canada, Hawaii, Alaska is $10.00. Overseas
orders add 15%. Check, money order, VISA, MC (give account
no., expiration date, phone no.). Personal checks allow 2-3
weeks to clear. COD charge $2.00 (requires certified check or
money order).
"Watch for more peripherals from Basic Technology."
>asic
Dept. Q P.O. Box 511 Ortonville, Ml 48462
ECHNOLOGY
(313) 627-6146
the RAINBOW
Page 1 1 0
Utilities...
Three Disk Utilities
Give You Filing Help
By Paul Selig, Jr.
If you have ever had a program generate a disk file, you
will probably want to look at that file without loading in the
main program. This collection of disk utilities will allow you
to do just that. It is also handy for handlingany file that is in
ASCII format on disk. The only requirement is that you
must have a sequential file to work with. However, most files
generated by your system will be sequential, and these
programs will work.
The first program is called FLSRCH, and is the most
useful. This program will take the file of your choice and
search through it to find the occurance of the word or phrase
you specified. It will find every occurance of this word or
phrase, and will not stop searching until it reaches the end of
the file, or you press the "up-arrow" key. If you have to
search for a lower case phrase, do a "shift 0" before running
the program. If you have run the program and want to know
what files are on the disk before you type it in, just press
"enter" at the filename prompt.
The second listing is of a program called FLPRINT. This
program will allow you to print out any sequential file on
disk to the screen or printer. If you choose the screen, type a
high number for the delay between strings. This will allow
you to easily read the file. If you are printing the file on a
printer, use a delay of "1."
The third listing is of a program called FLCONVRT . This
file manipulation program is the most complicated, and also
one of the most useful (when it is needed in such a situation).
To use this program, take a program that you have on disk
Use Color Power.
Col Of ZAP uses the power
of the Color Computer to pro-
vide both rapid scanning and
full screen modification capabilities.
• Recover killed and clobbered files.
• Find unreadable disk sectors.
Modify nibbles in hexadecimal,
• Copy sectors to same or different drive.
* Use color power to scan disk data.
Here's what the reviewers said..,
About the program: "ColorZAP is a powerful program
that allows you to see what is on the disk, modify it an d, if
possible, recreate it. Menu-driven, ColorZAP is extremely
easy to use and well-documented... A good offering." —
The RAINBOW, September 1982
About the manual: "A 24-page manual is included that
describes program operation in detail. It also provides
valuable information on the important disk system pa-
rameters." - MICRO, December 1982
For the TRS-80 Color Computer. Available on disk with an accom-
panying manual from Software Options, 19 Rector Street, New
York, N.Y. 10006. 212-785-8285. Toll-free order line: 800-221-1624.
Price: $49,95 (plus $2.00 per order shipping and
handling). New York State residents add sales
tax. Visa/Mastercard accepted.
December, 1 982
that is in upper/ lower case (such as a file by a word
processor). Use this file as your input file. Use any other
name for the output file. The program will start to convert
the upper/ lower case file to all upper case. This conversion
will take time, and the program is slow, but it does do the
job. The program will read in the input file, convert it, and
write out the output file. Now you can kill the input file, and
rename the output file. I use this program to take data from
a Honeywell system, which outputs in lower case, and
convert it to upper case so I can read it on my screen (I don't
have a printer yet; if you do, this program is not much use to
you).
I hope you use and enjoy these programs, and if you have
any questions, contact me on Compuserve at 70065, 734, or
at my address: Paul Selig, Jr., 20734 Stanford Avenue,
Fairview Park, OH 44126.
Listing 1:
10 GOTO230
20 CLEAR 1800: X=0
30 REMARKABLE PROGRAM BY PAUL SE
LIG, JR.
40 REM ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
50 REM
60 REM
70 CLS:PRINTSTRING*<32,255) ; :pri
NTCHR* < 255 ); "DISK TEXT FILE SEAR
CH UTILITY ";CHR*<255) ;
80 PRINTSTRING* (32,255)
90 LINE INPUT "FILENAME TO SEARCH
(NAME/EXT): "5F*
100 IF F*=" "THEN DIR:FORX=1TO300
0:nextx:goto70
110 cls: print" insert disk in dri
ve '0' and press <enter>.":li
neinputz*
120 cls: line input "word or phrase
to be searched for: " ; ph*
130 pr i nt "press to stop": for
x=itoi000:nextx
140 OPEN" I", 1,F*
150 IF EOF<l)=-l THEN 220
160 IFINKEY*="^"THENGOTO220
170 LINE INPUT #1, A*:PRINTA*
180 C=INSTR(1,A*,PH*>
190 IF C=0 THEN GOTO 150
200 SOUND 10, 10: PRINTSTRING* (32, 1
28) : PRINTA*: PRINT: PRINTSTRING* (3
2, 128)
210 L I NE I NPUT " < ENTER > TO CONTINU
E. ";Z*:GOTO150
220 CLOSE ttl: LINE INPUT "END OF FI
LE: PRESS < ENTER > TO CONTINUE:
";z*: cls: run
230 PCLEARl:GOTO20
Listing 2;
10 GOTO 180
20 CLEAR1800:CLS:PRINTSTRING*<32
,159);
30 PRINTCHR*< 159) ; " DISK TEXT FI
LE PRINT UTILITY ";CHR*<159);
40 PRINTSTRING*(32, 159) :PRINT:LI
NE I NPUT "ENTER FILENAME (NAME/EXT
December, 1 982
the RAINBOW
Page 1 1 1
) : " ; P$
50 IF F$=" "THEN DIR: RUN
60 CLS:LINEINPUT"PUT disk in dri
VE '0', AND PRESSENTER TO CONTIN
UE. ";z*
70 CLS: LINE INPUT "SPEED (1=FAST -
— 500=slow>: ";s*:s=val<s*>
80 CLS: LINE INPUT" OUTPUT TO A PR I
NTER <Y/N)?";PN*: IFLEFT* <PN*, 1) =
11 Y" THEN PR=1
90 REM
100 CLS:OPEN"I", 1,F*
110 IF EOF <1)=-1 THEN 170
120 LINE INPUT #1,L*:PRINTL*
130 IF PR=1 THEN PRINT #-2,L*
140 FORX=l TO SINEXTX
150 IF I NKE Y$= " ^ " THEN GOTO 170
160 GOTO110
1 70 CLOSE # 1 : PR I NTCHR* < 255 ) " DONE
"CHR*<255> : LI NEINPUT" PRESS ENTER
TO CONTINUE. "; A*: RUN
180 PCLEARl:GOTO20
Listing 3
10 CLS: CLEAR 18000
20 PRINTSTRING*<32,207> ; IPRINTCH
R*<207>;" DISK TEXT CONVERSION:
L TO U ";CHR*<207> ; :printstring*
<32,207)
30 LI NEINPUT "FILENAME (NAME/EXT)
";f*
40 CLS: PR I NT "INSERT DISK IN DRIV
E '0' AND PRESS THE < ENTER > K
E Y . " : L I NE I NPUT Z*:CLS
50 LI NEINPUT "OUTPUT FILENAME <NA
ME/EXT) : ";of*:cls
60 PR I NT "CONVERTING FILE PLEA
SE WAIT! "
70 OPEN"I", 1,F*
80 OPEN "O", 2, OF*
90 IF E0F<1>=-1 THEN 170
100 LI NEINPUT #1,L*
110 FORX=lTOLEN<L*>
120 Z*=MID*<L*, X, 1)
130 IF Z*=""THEN 150
140 L=ASC<Z*):IF L>=97 AND L<=12
2 THEN L=L-32: Z*=CHR*<L>
150 q*=q*+z*:nextx
160 write #2,q*:printq*:q*= m,, :go
TO90
170 CLOSE #2: CLOSE # 1 : PR I NTCHR* <
255 ) ; " DONE " 5 CHR* < 255 )
175 SOUND100, 10
180 LI NEINPUT "PRESS < ENTER > "
;z*:run m>
From GREAT X-P-T
for TRS 80 Color Computer
FOR THE
GAMBLER
16k Ext Basic
High Res. Graphics
Play Alone
or Against
Your Friends
$10.95
RAINOOW
■ i
GREAT X-P-T
$10.95'
PO. Box 921 2
Livonia, Mi. 48150
Mich. Res. add 4'/. Sales Tax
COD- add $100
CHEAT XPT
. . ALL THREE FOR '•
Page 1 1 2
the RAINBOW
December, 1982
Software Review...
Among the Game Crop,
This One's A Natural
A bit of background is in order. As much as I love my native
Kentucky, the mass morality here can be stifling. For
instance, not so many years ago a certain high-placed
official in the state's fish and wildlife department decreed
that, henceforth, the spelling of a popular game fish would
be "croppie," not "crappie," as it's spelled in the rest of the
free world. Furthermore, officialdom — and presumably all
the rest of us in turn — would pronounce it "crop-e," never
again "krap-e" The reason for all of this, of course, is that
the new version "sounds nicer."
As one might expect, a few rebels wondered aloud if that
meant that small groups of sidewalk sportsmen should now
be known as "cropshooters," and would rolling "snake eyes"
or "boxcars" herinaf ter constitute "cropping out?" Playing a
bit of "crops:" sounds rather British don't you think?
To carry this whole thing one step further, "proper"
people in the small town of my childhood years referred to
crapshooters as "dice players," and it wasn't unheard of to
run such degenerates out of town. Thus, it would have been
inconceivable then to think that, three decades later, I would
be "shooting" Craps in my living room, pitted against, on
the one hand, some video personality named Fred, and on
the other, my mother. Mom, we've come a long way, baby.
Still quite conservative, my mother did consent to try
Craps recently, but thought I was quite a scamp for betting a
million dollars on one roll of the dice, even though she well
knew I had no intention, or chance, of either paying off or
collecting. So, she would cover maybe $10, and Fred would
n
T
I
1 ' j J
1
I
Chattanooga Choo Choo Software
Your One Stop Station
For Color Computer
Track 29
Mark Data Products
'Astro Blast. Cave Hunter
and Color Berserk
$24.95
Spectral Associates-Trilogy
(3 games on 1 tape)
Ghost Gobbler. Cosmic Invaders and
Space War
20% off S47.95
others available at 10% ofl
• Planet Invasion and Defense
519.75
Prickley-Pear Software 15% off
■Viking, Gangbuster$l>4*> 516.95 Tom Mix Software
Pandora s Game Box s£<5 $21.20 ^ ' 'Protectors (32K) $24.95
(6 games on 1 tape) Katerpillar Attack $24.95
'Also available on disk (32K)
1983 Video Game Lovers Calandar
with a different arcade cartoon each month
$4.95
All programs 1 6K on cassette unless otherwise staled.
37 Different Games and Adventures Available.
Send for free complete catalog and descriptions!
We pay postage within the U.S. - TN residents add 6.25% sales tax
(615)875-8656
P.O. Box 15892
Chattanooga, TN 37415
go maybe $300,000.
In case you haven't caught on, "Fred" is part of the Craps
program. He's there in case you want to play Craps and
nobody else is around. You can always play with Fred, who
makes his own bets and, unlike Mom, will hang right in
there with any high rollers. Fred not only knows how to bet,
he also knows whento bet, too. So, don't try to take old Fred
to the cleaners; unless you don't mind being the "cleanee."
Though Fred was intended as a competitor for loners,
quite by accident, I discovered that Fred can also join in
even when others are playing — if you give him an occasional
prompt to bet when he doesn't have the dice.
All in all, Craps is a cute little game. And, while there are
some crap games you can program just by reading the Basic
manuals that come with your computer, this video game, by
Dan Drouillard, has some refinements that make it more
fun. Craps has its own croupier standing at the end of the
table; that gives a lot more class than huddling in an
alleyway. Also, the dice roll down the table and you see them
displayed on the screen, so you can count the dots yourself.
While there's no provision for side betting, the program does
keep track of who owes whom what and prompts the losers
with reminders like "Fred You're Ahead" and "Pay Up
Folks!!"
Personally, I'd like to see a bit more craps lingo
incorporated into the game. You know, "eighter from
Decatur," "little Joe from Kokomo,"and all that. A slap on
the wrist to Dan for never using a comma or an apostrophe,
too. I had to go deadpan every time "Mom Your Behind"
popped on the screen. More importantly, though, Craps
does "wear well," which is to say it is very straightforward
and has no little quirks that become tiresome on repetition,
or hold up the game unnecessarily. After all, when "Your
Behind" is on the screen, you're itching to "roll 'em bones,"
and not about to "crop out."
(Great X-P-T, P.O. Box 9212, Livonia, MI 48150.
$14.95.)
— Jim Reed
Back Issue Availability
Back copies of most issues of the RAINBOW are now
available.
All back issues sell for the single issue cover price — which
is $2 for copies of numbers 1-8 (through February, 1982),
$2.50 for numbers 9-14 (through August, 1982) and $2.95
for numbers greater than 14. In addition, there is a $3.50
charge per order for postage and handling if sent by United
Parcel Service and $6 for orders sent U.S. Mail. UPS will
not deliver to a post office box or to another country. This
charge applies whether you want one back issue or all of
them.
Most back issues are available on white paper in a reprint
form. All back issues now available (October, 1982, is out of
print) would be $36.90, plus shipping and handling — a total
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accepted. Kentucky residents please add 5 percent state sales
tax.
Due to heavy demand, we suggest you order back issues
you want now while supplies last.
In addition, copies of the cover only of the July, 1982,
Anniversary Issue are available separately f or $ 1 each, plus
50 cents snipping and handling. These are suitable for
framing.
JOIN THE GROUP!
Join an active, stimulating and growing group of individuals
with a common interest in the 80C Computer through the
TRS-80" Color SIG (Special Interest Group) on CompuServe
Using the CompuServe Information Service as a
communications medium. Color SIG members can share
advice, hints and programs with other 80C users across town
or across the nation.
The cost? With local access to the CompuServe Information
Service (CIS) in more than 300 locations in the U.S. and
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minute increments. That's only 8/3 cents per minute!
CIS has a lot more to offer, too. And you can see that
CompuServe has the 80C in mind
• 32 x 16 page size
• Color SIG (GO PCS-126)
6809 Cross-Assembler (R MAC69 from command
mode)
Down load machine language with error correcting
protocol (R LODHEX from command mode) NOTE-
This program requires "B" protocol in your terminal
emulator - such as Radio Shack's Videotex™
CB Simulation - - "talk" in real time to Ms. Rainbo.
Binary Man. Grey Ghost. Sweet Thing and even Aunt
Nettie 1 (GO PCS-30)
EMAIL — Electronic Mail (GO EMAIL)
Stock Prices even color charts just for your 80C (GO
FIN-14. then enter VIDPLT at the "Program:" prompt)
Games — the best Adventure game, plus you can
travel through a galaxy populated by other intelligent
beings (not just robots) Space War (GO HOM-60), and
the new MEGAWAR series will captivate your
imagination.
And much, much more like Shop-at-Home;
programming languages: national and international
newswires: electronic magazines and reference
resources: and a free subscription to our UPDATE
Newsletter plus an introductory subscription to TODAY
Magazine.
Your 80C, modem and terminal software will give you access
to the CompuServe Information Service — a world of
information for your Color Computer.
To join us contact or call:
CompuServe
Dept. RB01
5000 Arlington Centre Blvd.
Columbus, Ohio 43220
(614) 457-8650
RAINBOW
CERTIf tCATlOM
SOU.
Page 1 1 4
the RAINBOW
December, 1 982
UNIDATFL REVISITED: Variations on Mir's Theme
by A. Arnold Weiss
I think that I should state that none of the following
would have been possible if I had not tried Jorge Mir's
"UNIDATFL" program that was published on pages 57
through 62, inclusive, of the June, 1982, issue (Vol. I No. 1 2)
of this magazine. It is the absolute keystone of the system of
programs discussed in this article. I hope that Mr. Mir will
approve of the slight modifications I've made to his fine
program. Although I am including a listing (LISTING 1) of
the revised version of the program, I suggest that all of you
who have not tried the original program get out your copies
of Vol. I No. 12 and enter it into their computers. There is
one typographical error in the original listing — LINE 1 100
the "!" should read "KILL." Also, I couldn't find out how to
use the calendar in LINES 1680 to 1750, inclusive, so I've
deleted these lines from the revised program. For those of
you who have already entered the program, LISTING #5
contains just the deletions and additions to the program.
The original program is usuable on both tape and disk
systems. My revisions are usable on disk systems only. I
hope that those of you who do not yet have a disk will read
this anyway as I believe it will be instructive. For the cassette
system user I will now explain why you can't use my
revisions. You have only one buffer (#-1) available to you,
and can either read from a tape or write to a tape. With a
disk system you can open as many as fifteen buffers at any
one time, thus sending information from the disk to RAM
and back to disk in a number of combinations.
I hope that this article will serve two purposes. The first —
I want to try to help my fellow beginners by explaining, in
detail, how I went about designing this set of programs. The
second — I hope that those of you who are more advanced
will find these programs as useful as I have. Along with my
word processor I consider this program to be the most useful
in my library.
Now for a bit of background. Until I purchased my 80C,
October of 1 98 1 , 1 had no experience with computers. Prior
to buying the computer I bought a copy of "Getting Started
With Color Basic," and then a copy of "Going Ahead With
Extended Color Basic." I wanted to get a "feel" of the logic
involved and see if it suited me. I ordered a computer with
32K RAM, but it was not available at that time, so I got one
with 16K. I started working with the manuals, and began
looking for all the magazines that had any useful
information. I'm very happy that I finally discovered the
Rainbow. One of the main reasons I wanted a computer was
to catalog and inventory a stamp collection. I examined the
Radio Shack Color Computer File ROM Pack and found it
wouldn't do what I wanted. A majorfault of this ROM Pack
is that it will accept only upper case lettering, and most
stamp catalog numbering systems use both upper and lower
case letters. Also I knew that I couldn't do much until I got a
disk. Two months ago I upgraded my system to 32K, and a
month ago I got the disk. As soon as I got the disk I entered
the "UNIDATFL" program.
I get very annoyed with much of the technical writing I
read as many authors forget to define their terms. They seem
to forget that there are beginners out there who want to
learn. I'm forever reading "attach the whatchamacallit to the
dohickey." Not knowing what either a "whatchamacallit" or
a "dohickey"is, I get thoroughly lost and conf used. To avoid
this in this article I will now supply a few definitions I will
use in discussing the files created by "UNIDATFL." File:
a collection of related records, such as an address book.
Record: an individual listing in a file, such as one name,
address, telephone number, and any other related data.
Item: a section of a record, such as the telephone number.
I thought that starting out cataloging a stamp collection
would be too ambitious, so I decided to put my address book
on file using "UNIDATFL." Along with the usual listings,
name, address and telephone number, I decided to include
the names of all the children living at home, along with
birthdays and anniversaries. See EXAMPLE A. I did this to
Example A
Bloom, Bryan & Phillipa
Danielle, Adam & Ericka
7 Sandhill Crescent,
Alwoodley,
Leeds LS17 8DY,
West Yorks.,
England
Tel. 011-44532-689265
Birth. Bryan 9/26/46 Pippa 5/21/48 Danielle 1/7/71 Adam
1/23/73 Ericka 9/10/75
Anniv. 7/2/69
Rosenfeld, Leonard & Sallie Jane
Gregg, Kenney & Karen
1030 Kipling Rd.
Rudal, Pa. 19046
885-3057
Birth Len 6/28 Sallie 8/9/38 Gregg 1/7/67 Kenny 1/5/70
Karen 4/7/71
work out any bugs. I began by typing in all the last names
starting with "A." Then, I returned to the menu and used the
"sort" function to get all of the A's in alphabetic order. I then
went back to the menu and used the "add" function and
typed in all the B's. Then back to the sort, etc. This worked
out quite well until I got to the letter "L." The list was getting
so long that the "sort" function was taking about an hour to
work.
The obvious solution was to make a file of all the last
names starting with "A", sort it and save it to disk, then go
back and make a file out of the "B's," sort it save it to disk,
etc. Then, go back to "UNIDATFL" and reassemble the
separate files into a file called "ADDRESS." I had already
typed in all of the names up to and including "L," and I
didn't want to retype them, so I wrote a program (GET1) to
disassemble the existing "ADDRESS"file. See LISTING 2.
Listing 2
10 CLEAR 10000
20 OPEN " I " , #1 , " ADDRESS /DAT "
30 OPEN " O " , #2 , " * /DAT "
40 IF EOF<l)=-l THEN 90
50 INPUT#1,A*
60 IF LEFT* <A*, 1 )*"*■", THEN WRITE
#2, A* ELSE 80
70 PRINT A*
80 GOTO 40
90 CL0SE#2
100 CLOSE #1
110 END
I tried this program and nothing happened. I finally
figured out that the first letter on the last name was not in
Position LEFTS, 1 . As it wasn't there, I didn't know where it
was. Here is where I had a bit of luck. I also subscribe to
This was a big month for us and the Color Computer. We received over 30 programs to test andout of this 30 we decided to add7
exciting new programs to our line of quality software. Some of the rejected programs were fairly good. But we liked a different
version better. A good example is Galac attack, a good game, but we all liked Astro Blast better. Every one of the games in this ad has
been tested by the Computer Shack Crew and all are rated very, very good. In 80 Micro, we publish a top ten list of what we think
are the bes tg ames f ortheTRS-80. We would like to do the samethingforthecolorcomputer. Butwe need help. Please send usa list
of your favorite COCO games.
KATERPI LLAR
The Color Computer's version of the pop-
ular arcade hit. This version is by Tom Mix
Software
Tape $24.95 Disk $27.95
A color Varriant of thespace invadergame.
Best by far. Excellent Hi Res graphics and
great sound. One ortwo players, all machine
language and runs in 1 6K.
Tape version $24.95
Madness and the Minotaur
A classic adventure game fort he COCO by
Spectral Associates.
Price $1 9-95
Madam Rosa s Massage Parlor
An adult misadventure game. The player
has to make his way from the sleazy deser-
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speakeasy, and attempt to discover the
hidden photographs of the politician'sbeau-
tiful daughter. Different, Fun.
Tape. $19.95
OF THE WIZARD
Best new adventure game availablef orthe
color computer. Over200 rooms filled with
creatures, tricks, treasures, and magic spells.
Are randomized each game so that you will
never play the same game twice. Novice,
intermediate and expert levels allows you
to learn to play easily and slowly work up to
expert. Great sound' Cassettesave feature
built in. Tape VCR , . , $1 9.95
PHANTOM SLAYER
They are mutant phantoms. You are the
Phantom Slayer. Enter the deadly cata-
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your laser pistol and attend to your prox-
imity detector. Phantom slayer is a real-
time game executed with full screen, three
dimensional graphics. Tape VCR . . $1 9.95
The very best Defender" type gameon the market 1
Start ire is a real exciting game based on the
arcade game DEFENDER'" and has excell-
ent color, sound and graphics.
Price $19.95
This is similarto Pacman v type game but, it
has some other unique features not found
in any other game of this kind. It does the
normal things all Pacman " type games do
and then some. With its space theme, the
Super Saucer lays destructo mines and the
Super Bomb that disintegrates everything
in your path, right up to the wall. The maze
changes every 10,000 points as the diffi-
culty escalates. The game can be played
with up to four players competing with each
other. Movement can beaccompiished using
either the Joystick or keyboard. Super High
- Resolution graphics, all machine language
. . .More Sound. More Features, More Action
than any other COCO game.
TAPE ONLY $19.95
GAMES
COLOR SCARFMAN 4K $17.95
COLOR METEOROIDS $1 9 95
COLOR TAPE DIRECTORY $1 4 95
COLOR MASTER CONTROL $1 9 95
COLOR DISASSEMBLER $1 4 95
COLOR BONANZA . $39 95
Order any two (2) or more programs and take 10% off your order!
COLOR TAPE COPY $15.95
By Bob Withers
There have been afewcopy programson the marketfor the ColorComputer but
none can compare with ColorTape Copy. This program is designed so that you
do not lose any of your valuable programs or data bases.
It will make a backup of any Color Computer Tape: Machine language, data, or
basic program.
First load color tape copy into your CC. Then it prompts you to put your original
copy into the recorder. After it loads the program into memory it tells you to put a
blank tape into the recorder and press the record button. It then writes the
program to a new tape.
You ll never have to worry about your little kids destroying your S20.00 tapes.
HAYES SMART MODEM
The very finest modem you can buy for the Color Computer or any
other computer. Features include auto dial, auto answer, built it
speaker LED signals auto redial, etc.
300 Baud $229.00 1 200 Baud $539.00
SoundSource
A really neat utility to make, adjust and play with the sound routines of the color
computer.. ... -
S24.95 Only.
Tape Version $1 9.95
By Bob Withers
Now a program for th Color Computer that allow you to download basic
programs from Bullet-80 systems. It will also send and receive programs from
other Color Computers, Model I's and Model Ill's.
Direct File Transfer (DFT) is a modem program which will handle the direct
uploading and downloading of machine language, work processor files, text
files, and basic programs directly to tape with no conversion necessary. It is the
program you must have to download from any Bullet 80 system. DFT also has a
chat mode, and has software controlled half ard/or full duplex.
It also has a unique feature which can save you much time, it automatically
converts all model I and III tokens. This allows you to run most model I and III
basic programs just as they are downloaded on your color Computer. This also
allows you to send basic programs to any model I or III owner who has a copy of
DFT. (DFT is very popular with the Model I and III)
BUGOUT
A compact but very powerful monitor for the 6809 microprocessor
l l r l i ■ ■ i j ■ ■ I | . ■■■■■■■
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Page 1 1 6
the RAINBOW
December, 1982
"Chromasette," and the June, 1982, issue contains a
program called "DISKEDIT." This program allows you to
examine a disk, track by track, sector by sector. I loaded the
disk with the "ADDRESS" file on it, and started to examine
it until I f ound the file. Here was the answer: every time you
hit the "ENTER" key, the "UNIDATFL" program inserts a
"]" at the beginning of the item. I then revised the "GET"
program. See LISTING 2A. The asterisks in lines 30 and 60
Listing 2a
10 CLEAR 10000
20 OPEN " I " , # 1 , " ADDRESS / D AT "
30 OPEN " □ " , #2 , " * /DAT "
40 IF E0F<1>=-1 THEN 90
50 INPUT#1,A*
60 IF LEFT* <A*, 2) =":]*" THEN WRIT
E#2, A* ELSE 80
70 PRINT A*
80 GOTO 40
90 CL0SE#2
100 CLOSE #1
110 END
should be replaced by one letter of the alphabet at a time. I
ran the revised "GET1" program and it worked perfectly. 1
thought, "at last, all my troubles are over," and I can go back
to "UNIDATFL" and reassemble the file.
I soon found that my optimism was ill founded. I found
that if I tried to reassemble the file by adding on a file from
disk to another file from a disk, I was losing part of the first
file. You can add a file from disk and then add additional
records from the keyboard without this problem. I didn't
think that writing a program to reassemble the file would be
too much of a problem. After all, if I could take a file apart I
Across The Rubicon
Gall it the Huengen Forrest, dubbed the '■death nap" by G. I s, where th e Cermans bore-sighted
every hill and valley, and tree-bursting shells made diving for cover more deadly than standing tall.
Too large to outflank, the Huertgen blocked the approaches to Cologne and the Ruhr it had ro be
taken. But Hitler had sworn that no Invader would ever step foot on German soil, and too many
pledges had already been broken And there was another reason, known only to Hitter and a hand-
ful of trusted staff. Delaying the Americans in the HuerTgen would provide time to assemble and
unleash his attack in the Ardennes
Each game turn represents about three days of the actual. battle, and twenty turns roughly the
three months It really took the American forces. Captuie the objectives in twenty tums and DRAW,
reduce the rums and do what the Americans weie unable to do: prevent the bloodiest American
battle sJnce the Gvfl War — The Battte of the Bulge.
ARK ROYAL GAMES
P. O. Box 14806
Jacksonville, FL 32238
$16.95 16K Ext Cassette
Allow 14 Days For Checks Florida Residents Add 5% Tax
should be able to put it back together again. I had a bit of a
head start on this as I had read an article about using
multiple buffers. It warned that if you didn't close the
buffers in the proper order the program would crash, and
trying to list the file would produce garbage. The article
suggested that you nest the opening and closing of the
buffers much like a set of FOR NEXT loops — such as
OPEN#l, OPEN#2, OPEN#3, CLOSE#3, CLOSE#2,
CLOSE#l . I then wrote the program "PUT." See LISTING
3. I ran the program, and not only did it crash and produce
Listing 3
10 CLEAR 10000
20 FILES 3
30 OPEN" I " , #1 , "A-*/DAT"
40 OPEN " O " , #2 , " A-*/D AT "
50 IF E0F<1>=-1 THEN 100
60 INPUT#1,A*
70 WRITE#2,A*
80 PRINT A*
90 GOTO 50
1 00 OPEN " I " , #3 , " * /DAT "
110 IF E0F<3)=-1 THEN 170
120 INPUT#3,A*
130 WRITE#2,A*
140 PRINT A*
150 GOTO 110
170 CL0SE#3
180 CL0SE#2
190 CLOSE* 1
200 END
garbage when I tried to list it, but it started to destroy the
files on the disk. 1 shut the system down and started to think.
I remembered something I had learned long ago: when
trying to solve a problem, don't get fancy, look for the
simple solution. I then wrote "PUT1" and ran it. See
LISTING 3A. The asterisk in LINE 30 should be a letter of
the alphabet, such as "B," and the astericks in LINES 40 and
Listing 3a
10 CLEAR 10000
20 FILES 3
30 OPEN " I " , # 1 , " A-*/DAT "
40 0PEN"0",#2, "A-*/DAT"
50 IF E0F<1>=-1 THEN 100
60 INPUT#1,A*
70 WRITE#2,A*
80 PRINT A*
90 GOTO 50
100 OPEN" 1 11 , #3, "*/DAT"
110 IF E0F<3)=-1 THEN 170
120 INPUT#3,A*
130 WRITE#2,A*
140 PRINT A*
150 GOTO 110
170 CLOSE
180 END
100 should be the next letter of the alphabet. The revised
program worked perfectly and 1 now had my "ADDRESS"
file back. Now that everything was working perfectly I could
go onto more ambitious projects, such as cataloging and
inventorying the stamp collection.
I think I should now give a bit more help to my fellow
®
PRODUCTS FOR THE
COMPUTERWARE
COLOR COMPUTER
Radio Shack or TDP-100
PROGRAMMING TOOLS
PROGRAMMING TOOLS
MOQ PflOQfMMMlNO MODEL
X — lode* Reg
v - inde« Reg
U - Use Slack
S - Hardware Slack | J
PC | p«o(.«»m i ous'r"
DISK MACRO
ASSEMBLER
Macro conditional
assembler supports all
standard 6809 mnemonics
& directives and also
conditional assembly,
repeat sequences, library
files, & a cross reference
program. It can handle any
size source input file.
Radio Shack disk. . .$49.95
FLEX disk. . .$50.00
rr
DISK UTILITIES
with REPAIR
These time saving programs
also teach you more about
the disk. REPAIR fixes
deleted or garbaged files.
FIND displays starting,
ending, & transfer
addresses. VIEW displays
the contents of an ASCII
file. PRINT gives a neat
disk directory. MASDEL
deletes all files per request,
disk only. . .$24.95
RANDOM BASIC
for FLEX
Extraordinary file handling
capabilities make this
BASIC, a standard on most
6809 machines already, a
programmer's choice!
ISAM, Random, &
Sequential file structures.
Flexible user input
commands and easy output
formatting. Extended
variable names. Line editor.
FLEX disk. . .$75.00
SCRIBE EDITOR
for FLEX
A complete program editor
for serious programmers.
Includes find, search,
change, delete, insert
commands for characters,
COLOR ASSEMBLER COLOR MONITOR
lines, or blocks. Macros and
merge capabilities. Editor
files larger than memory.
Interfaces with text
processor for word
processing. Great with our
Macro Assembler.
FLEX disk. . .$50.00
COLOR EDITOR
This cassette package is
perfect for small word
processing projects or
program editing. There are
easy commands for search,
change, delete, and move,
copy, insert for single lines
or whole blocks. Your
letters or programs can be
printed on a printer
attached to the RS232 port,
cassette. . .$29.95
This complete 6809
machine code assembler
supports all 6809
mnemonics & addressing
modes along with standard
assembler options &
directives. As a two pass
assembler, it allows both
forward and backward
references. Learn assembly
language programming!
cassette. . .$29.95
PASCAL
Dynasoft PASCAL makes
this high level language &
experience with structured
programming available to
small systems. Based on a
subset of standard
PASCAL, it includes most
standard control structures
but omits floating point
arithmetic. Included are the
compiler, P-Code
interpreter, program editor,
supervisor, sample
programs, & 2 manuals,
cassette. . .$49.95
disk. . .$59.95
DIAGNOSTICS
Check the six major
functions of the Color
Computer: 1) Memory, 2)
RS-232 I/O, 3) Joysticks, 4)
BASIC ROMs, 5) Tape I/O,
6) Sound,
cassette. . .$17.95
disk. . .$22.95
This machine level
monitor's keyboard
commands consist of a
single alphabetic character
possibly followed by one or
more arguments. Any
command can be aborted.
Functions include examine
& change registers,
examine & change memory,
initialize memory, set and
clear break points, jumps
& warm start, binary save &
load to cassette,
cassette. . .$24.95
disk. . .$29.95
FOXYGRAF
A complete graphics
development package for
the assembly language
programmer. The very
comprehensive manual
covers the history of
graphics, how the Color
Computer graphics work,
details Radio Shack &
Motorola would not tell.
You can program with any
mode & in any color
combination. Foxygraf is
relocatable & includes
callable routines,
cassette. . .$29.95
disk. . .$34.95
TO ORDER:
Add shipping of
$2 surface or $5
air/Canada. Visa
& MasterCard
accepted.
Dealer Inquires Invited
COMPUTERWARE®
Computerware is a trademark of Computerware.
call or write
Box 668
Encinitas, Ca. 92024
(714) 436-3512
Page 1 1 8
the RAINBOW
December, 1 982
beginners. The "UNIDATFL" program produces an "in
memory" file system. By "in memory" I mean that the file
must be small enough to fit in your computer's memory. My
address file is small enough, but I knewthe stamp files would
be too large. This started me thinking about a "sub file
system," and I'll discuss that in the next paragraph. Right
now, I'd like to give some hints on using the "find"function.
If you look at EXAMPLE A you'll see that I've added the
birthdays and anniversaries to the records. I did this as I
wanted to be able to search the files for these dates. If I want
to find the dates in August, and just ask for "8," I'll find
every "8" in the file. If I ask for "8/" I'll find not only the
month of August, but also 8th, 18th and 28th days. If I ask
for "(spacebar)8/ " I'll find just the month of August. I've
written the proceeding to show that careful use of what you
ask for can save a lot of search time.
Knowing that I would have to use multiple files to catalog
the stamp collection, I added an "open new file" command
to "UNIDATFL". I did this changing LINE 70 to "IF KP=0
THEN 73" and adding the following:
71 CLOSE #2
72 KP=0
73 GOSUB3500
155 IF I$^"0" OR I$="o" THEN 3600
651 IF KP=1 THEN WRITE #2,N$(X)
3600 KP=1: CLS: INPUT "FILE NAME": KP$
3610 OPEN "O", #2, KP$
3620 GOTO 100
For instance, suppose I wanted to make a separate file out of
the address of just the people living in England. I could use
the "find" function to search the file for "England" and get
all the records listed on the screen, or I could print them out
individually. This would give me a printed record, but I
wouldn't have a file on it on disk, so I created the "O"
function.
The "O" command allows me to make a "sub file" out of
the original file. To use this command use the following
procedure: type in "f" to start the find function and type in
what you want the computer to search f or. If the search finds
an entry in the file, type "s" to end the search, and go back to
the main menu. Type "o" and answer the "?" with the new
file name, and then type "f'to go back to the search, and ask
f or the same word as you did bef ore. When an entry is f ound,
press the spacebar, to get to the next entry in the file, until
you reach the end of the original file, then press "S" to go
back to the master menu. The computer will record each
f ound record in the new file and close the buffer at the end of
the original file. Of course, you can combine the sub files and
make sub files from them ad infinitum.
Just to make certain I hadn't put another unexpected trap
in the program, I tried the revised program to make a file
called "ENGLAND." To see if all went well, I wrote the
following program and put the "ADDRESS" and
"ENGLAND" files through it.
10 CLEAR18000
20 INPUT "FILE NAME": KP$
30, OPEN "O", #1, KP$+ "/DAT"
40 IF EOF (1) THEN 80
50 LINEINPUT#1, A$
60 PRINTAS: PRINT: FORX=1T0460:NEXTX
70 GOTO40
80 CLOSE#l
90 END
Oops!! Another goof. The "]" didn't appear before each
item in the "ENGLAND" file. Back to the drawing board. I
found that lines 1050-1 120 of the original program added
the "]". As "N" was used as a variable in the original
program, I f elt that it would be better to use another variable
and changed lines 72 to 4 KP=0:N1=0' and 651 to 'IF KP=1
THEN 6000' and added the following.
6000 N1=N1 + 1
6010 Y=INSTR(N$(X),CHR$(13)): IF Y=0THEN6030
6020 MID$(N$(X),Y,1)="]"
6021 GOTO 6010
6030 WRITE#2,N$(X): GOTO560
This not only puts the "]"at the front of each item, but it also
writes all of the records with the selected word
automatically, and runs very fast.
The program "PRINT1," LISTING 4, is a program I
Listing 4
10 CLEAR 10000
11 CLS: PRINT: INPUT H FILE NAME " ; K$
12 CLS: PR I NT: INPUT" DO YOU WANT
THIS TO GO TO THE PRINTER <Y
OR N)";L*
13 IF L*="Y" THEN 20
14 IF L*<>"N" THEN SOUND 200, 5: P
R I NT " I NVAL I D ANSWER " : FORX = 1 TO230
: NEXT: GOTO 12
20 OPEN " I " , #1 , " ADDRESS/DAT "
30 IF E0F<1>=-1 THEN 80
40 INPUT#1,A*
41 F*= M 3"
42 G=INSTR<2,A*,F*>
43 PRINT G
50 PRINT MID*<A*,2,G-1)+" - "5
51 IF L$= 11 Y " THEN PRINT#-2, MID* <
nonev ■•
10$
fl PROGRAM TO TEACH CHILDREN TO' COUNT COINS
LEU EL 8
Cassette $19.95
TRS-80 Color Computer
Requires 16K Extended Basic
Ohio Residents Add 5Vfe% Sales Tax 'Trademark of Tandy
APPEALING GRAPHICS. FUN REWARDS AND SOUND
Used Successfully In Classrooms and In Homes
ALSO AVAILABLE— CASSETTES
Clock $24.95 Mathfact $16.95
Add-Carry $19.95 ABC's $ 9.95
Sybtract-Borrow $19.95 Spelling $16.95
Question $19.95 Hangword $14.95
WRITE FOR FREE DESCRIPTIVE BROCHURE
DEALER INQUIRIES WELCOME
B5 SOFTWARE
1024 Bolnbrfdge PI. Columbus, OH 43228
(614) 276-2752
— 11
December, 1982
A*,2,G-1)+" - »
60 FOR X-1TO920INEXT
70 GOTO 30
80 CLOSE#l
81 IF L*="Y" THEN PRINT#-2, CHR* <
13)
90 END
wrote for my own use. As I stated earlier, I want to use this
program to catalog a stamp collection. I have devised a
system of thirty three character codes to describe all the
characteristics of a stamp. With this system of programs, I
can search my files for all the stamps that have any one of
these characteristics, such as "coils," and open a sub file,
combine all the sub files, and then print out the resulting file.
By placing the catalog number at the start of each record,
and then hitting the "ENTER" key, I can use this program to
search my "COIL" sub file, and print out just the catalog
numbers in numerical order.
There is now only one small problem: what to do if the file
becomes too large to fit in RAM? The answer: split it. Use
the "GET1" program and replace the "equals" sign in LINE
60 with "less than or equal to" marks. Then rerun the
program and replace the "less than or equal to" with a
"greater than". Also, remember to give two different names
to the two new files. This will split the file.
The only fault left in the program is the slow sort routine.
As mentioned in the September, 1 982, issue (Vol. II No. 3) of
the Rainbow, the July, 1982, issue (Vol. 4 Issue 6) of Radio
Shack's TRS-80 Microcomputer News had a great assembly
the RAINBOW
Page 119
language "string sort" program in it. As was detailed in the
Rainbow, the program had a lot of typos. The corrections
for 16K were listed in the Rainbow article. I also struggled
with the program and figured out the corrections, and then
went a bit farther and corrected it to work in 32K. I then
used this program to replace the "sort" section of the "R
Multiple-Disk Index" Program in the July, 1 982 (Vol II No.
1), issue of the Rainbow. It works so well that I eliminated
the sort feature from "UNIDATFL" by deleting lines 140
and 5030, and adding line 5035, and writing LISTING 5 to
sort the files created by "UNIDATFL."
Listing 5
110 CLEAR 1 8000, &H7EFF
120 A=0:N=0: 1=0: J»0
130 DATA 190,127,254,52,16,238,2
28, 174,94,48,31,79,52, 18, 166, 196
,39,42, 166, 196,230,69, 160,69,36,
2,230, 196,52, 1, 174,66, 16, 174,71
140 DATA 109,69,38,4,50,97,32,41
, 166, 128, 160, 160,39,4,50,97,32,5
,90,38,243,53, 1,35,24, 174,66, 16,
174,71, 175,71, 16, 175,66, 166
150 DATA 196,230,69,231,196,167,
69, 234, 69, 234 , 228, 231 , 228, 51 , 69,
174,97,48,31, 175,97,38, 176, 166,2
28,50,99, 38, 161,50,98,57
155 B=0
160 FOR I=ScH7F00 TO &H7F66
EDUCATIONAL SOFTWARE
For the Color Computer
TOM MIX SOFTWARE
3424 College N.E.
Grand Rapids, Ml 49505
(616) 364-4791
CLOCK-With the ever increasing use of digital clocks, more and more
young people are unpracticed in the use of the "ANALOG" clocks. You
remember those, the ones with the hands. This program will attempt to
teach the relationship between the two types of clocks.
REQUIRES 16K EXT. BASIC $14.95
SPELLING TEST is designed to give a standard oral spelling test using
the audio track of the computer's tape recorder to dictate test words and
sample sentences. Student responses are typed on the keyboard and
checked by the computer. Results are displayed on the screen and (if
connected) on a printer. REQUIRES 16K EXT. BASIC $19.95
MATH DRILL is a program designed to help children to practice addi-
tion, subtraction, multiplication, and division skills on the COLOR COM-
PUTER. It has several features that make its use particularly attractive.
•Up to 6 students may use the program at the same time.
•Answers for addition, subtraction and multiplication are entered
from right to left, just as they are written on paper.
•Commas may be included in the answers.
• Partial products for the multiplication problems may be com-
puted on the screen.
•Division answers that have a remainder are entered as a whole
number followed by the letter "R" and the remainder.
•There are ten, user modifiable, skill levels.
•A "SMILEY FACE" is used for motivation and reward. Its size in-
creases relative to the skill level.
• Skill levels automatically adjust to the student's ability.
•A timer measures the time used to answer each problem and the
total time used for a series of problems.
•After a problem has been answered incorrectly the correct answer
appears under (above in division) the incorrect answer.
REQUIRES 16K EXT BASIC $19.95
WORD DRILL is designed to give a multiple cho'ce vocabulary quiz.
Words and definitions are entered into the program from the keyboard or
from a tape file. The computer displays a randomly chosen definition
and eight word choices. The student must enter his response before a
built in timer reaches zero.
REQUIRES 16K EXT. BASIC $19.95
EDUCATIONAL PACKAGE — SPELLING TEST —
WORD DRILL — MATH DRILL — ESTIMATE —
ALL FOR — $69.95
ESTIMATE is a program designed to help children to practice estimating
the answers to addition, subtraction, multiplication and division
problems on the COLOR COMPUTER. It has many features that make its
use particularly attractive:
• Up to 5 students may use the program at the same time.
•There are 5, user modifiable, skill levels.
•The acceptable percent error may be changed as a student's skill
improves.
•A timer measures the number of seconds used to answer each
problem and the total time used for a series of problems.
•If a problem has been answered incorrectly, the student is told the
percent error and asked to try again.
•If a problem is answered incorrectly a second time, the student is
told the correct answer and the range of acceptable answers is
displayed.
•A report is given at the end of each set of problems that includes the
number of problems done, the number of problems answered cor-
rectly on the first try and the average percent error.
•The (BREAK) key has been disabled so that a child will not in-
advertently stop the program from running.
16K EXT. BASIC $19.95
TEACHERS' DATABASE is a program designed to allow a teacher to
keep a computerized file of information about his/her students. There
are many features that make this program particularly attractive.
• Information on as many as 100 students (or more) may be in the
computer at one time.
• Each student may have as many as 20 (or more) individual
items of data in his/her record.
• The program will run from cassette or disk.
• Cassette and disk files are completely compatable.
• The program is menu driven.
• Records may be easily changed, deleted, combined or
added.
• Information about students may be numerical or text.
• Records may be quickly alphabetized.
• Records may be sorted by various criteria.
• Records may be reordered (ranked) based on test scores or
other data.
• Data displayed during a sort may be printed on a printer or
saved on disk or cassette as a new file.
• A full statistical analysis of data may be done and sent to the
printer.
• Student test scores may be weighted.
32K EXT BASIC TAPE $39.95 DISC $42.95
• ADD $1.00 POSTAGE & HANDLING
MICHIGAN RESIDENTS ADD 4% SALES TAX ■
TOP ROYALTIES PAID •
LOOKING FOR NEW SOFTWARE
the RAINBOW
Page 120
170 READ A: POKE I, A
175 B-B+A
180 NEXT I
190 IF BOH172 THEN PRINT" INVAL-
ID VALUE IN DATA STATEMENTS - CH
ECK ! " : STOP
200 DIM T*(500)
220 CLS : PR I NT : I NPUT " F I LEN AME " ; NM
*:XM*=NM*+" /DAT"
221 DEFUSR0=&H7F00
230 OPEN "I",#1,XM*
240 PR I NT: PR I NT "READING ";NM*
250 X=X+1:LINEINPUT#1,T*(X)
260 IF EOF(l)=-l THEN270 ELSE250
270 PRINT X;" RECORDS READ":CLOS
E#l : PRINT: PR I NT " SORT I NG "
280 N= V ARPTR ( T* ( 0 ) >
290 POKE &H7FFE, INT (N/256)
300 POKE &H7FFF,N-INT(N/256)*256
330 TIMER=0
340 A=USR0(0)
350 Tl=INT<TIMER/3600) :T2=INT( <T
IMER-(T1*3600) )/60)
360 PRINT: PRINT"SORT FINISHED ";
Tl; "MIN ,, ;T2; "SECS"
365 FOR JX=1TO10:SOUND200, 1:NEXT
JX
366 PRINT: PRINT"KILLING ";NM*
367 KILL XM*
368 PRINT: PR I NT" WRITING SORTED "
;NM*
370 OPEN "0",#1,XM*
380 FOR JK=0TOX-1
390 IF T*(JK)=""THEN 420
400 PRINT#1,T*(JK)
410 NEXT JK
420 CLOSE#l
440 END
In conclusion (Hush out there, I can hear all of you
saying, "The old windbag is about to shut up!") I hope that I
have made myself clear to my fellow beginners, and helped
them to see if a plodder like me can work this out, they can.
To those of you who are more advanced than I am, I hope
you find the resulting programs useful. I don't know how
many of you are interested in my system for cataloging
stamps. If enough of you ask Mr. Falkfor it, I'll send it on to
him. To those of you who have not, as yet, added a disk to
their system — save your pennies to do so. The addition of a
disk will make your 80C a powerful tool. To all, "happy
computing!"
December, 1 982
Cartridge to Tape Back-up
RELOCATOR makes automatic tape copies of the Color
Computer cartridges. Allow changes to be made to the
program such as (Print-out * Videotex, change band rate in
♦Scripsit, etc.) Requires either 64K mod. or 4 to 8K of
cartridge memory expansion in the address range of
&COOO to &DFFF (64K requires some program changes.)
Requires 16K min
Cassette $29.00
plus $1.00 shipping
*Trademark of Tandy Corp.
Transition Technology
1458 W. Birchwood Ave.
Chicago, IL 60626
Listing 1
1 GOTO 4000
2 DATA BD,B3,ED, IF, 02, 7E, 96, A7
**** DATAFILE
BY: JORGE MIR
CHANGE STEP 60 ACCORDING
TO RAM SPACE AVAILABLE
10 '
20 "
30 9
40 *
50 *
51 for i=0TO7:reade*:next:fori=0
toisireade*
52 e= v al ( " &h " +e* ) : poke i +&he02 , e :
NEXT
53 DATA 8E, 04, 00, A6, 80, 81, 60, 2D,
04, 80, 40, A7, IF, 8C, 06, 00, 2D, Fl , 39
54 DEFUSR0=&HE02
60 CLEAR 18000: D=1000: DIM N*<D>
70 IF KP=0 THEN 73
71 CL0SE#2
72 KP=0:N1=0
73 GOSUB 3500
100 CLS<0) : GOSUB
105 I*=INKEY*: IF
110 IF I*="A" OR
120 IF I*="F" OR
130 IF I*="P" OR
0
5000
I*=""THEN 105
I*="a" THEN 290
I *=■'*'■ THEN 530
I$=»p» THEN 153
OR
OR
I*="e" THEN 990
I*="o" THEN 360
-440— *F^T*^
W
150 IF I*="E"
155 IF I*="0"
0
160 SOUND 100, 2: GOTO 105
290 GOSUB3000: X=0
310 IF TY=1 OR TY=-1 THEN 860
320 CLS: PR I NT" (TYPE 9 M WHEN DON
E OR TO EXIT) " : PRINT STRING* (32,
ii
ii
)
330 X=X+l:IF N*(X)="" THEN 340 E
LSE 330
340 N=l
350 LINE INPUT I*: IF I*<>"^" THE
N 380
360 IF F=0 THEN 480
370 GOTO 70
380 N=N+1
390 IF LEN(N*(X) > +LEN ( I * ) = >250 T
HEN 410
400 N*(X)=N*(X)+CHR*(13)+I*:G0T0
350
410 N*(X)=N*(X)+"*"
420 IF N*(X+1)=""THEN470
430 Y=X
440 Y=Y+l:IF N*(Y)O" ,, THEN440
450 N*(Y)=N*(Y-1> :Y=Y-1
460 IF Y=X THEN 470 ELSE 450
470 X=X+1 : N* ( X ) =CHR* ( 1 3) +1 * : GOTO
350
480 IF N=l THEN 70
490 PRINT" IS ABOVE DATA CORRECT
( Y/N) ?" : GOSUB 1150
500 IF I$="Y" OR I$="y" THEN 320
501 IF I*="N" OR I*="n" THEN 510
502 GOSUB 1150
510 GOSUB 1410
520 GOTO 580
530 PRINT ©384, "key word (s) : "
=USR(0)
540 LINE I NPUT K*
550 X=0 : SOUND200 , 2 : PR I NT@490 ,
arching -File"; : Z=USR (0)
560 X=X + l:IF X=D+1 OR N*(X)= ,,n
9 -
ii
nruoi
THIS PACK CONTAINS
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$9.95 each
Ultimate tape backup
program. Get the cat!
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fun!
$16.95
One or two player or robot
bug against turtle. 32K Ext.
$15.55
Color Sales File
Word CC7 (Tape)
Word CC7 (Disk)
Dancing Devil (Tom Mix)
Lunar Lander (Tom Mix)
War Kings (Tom Mix)
Color DFT (Bob Withers)
$21.88
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$14.95
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$19.95
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This Month
ONLY $9.95
DSL COMPUTER PRODUCTS
P.O. BOX 1113 - DEARBORN, Ml 48121 - (313) 582-3406
ALWAYS LOOKING FOR GREAT COLOR COMPUTER SOFTWARE
ADD $1 SHIPPING AND HANDLING - MICHIGAN RESIDENTS ADD 4%
RAINBOW
ining The Connectors
RS-232
SWITCHER
ANNOUNCING CCCS
Up to three items connect to
your 232 port. Flip switch for
different items and leave the
plugs alone. $ 39 95
TWO PLUG MODEL
$2995
COLOR COMPUTER
CLUB SERVICES
If you are an officer in a club
primarily for the Color Computer,
contact us about our newest
addition— CCCS!
ADD POWER TO YOUR
COLOR COMPUTER
RAM SLAM
— Solderless Kits —
4-1 6K $25.00
1 6-32K $49.95
4-32K $74,95
15 Minute Installation
One Year Warranty
"The Easy Way To More K"
Page 1 22
the RAINBOW
December, 1982
HEN 780
570 IF INSTR<N*<X> ,K*)=0 THEN 56
0
580 SOUND 1 50 , 1 : CLS0 : PR I NT ©480 , 11
functions: a c d s p ?" ; : Z=
USR<0)
590 PRINT @0, "";
600 N=INSTR<N*<X> , "D"> : IF N=0 GO
TO 620
610 MID*<N*<X> ,N, 1>=CHR*<13> : GOT
O 600
620 N=INSTR<N*<X> , "*"> : IF N=0 TH
EN 650
630 PRINT LEFT*<N*<X> , X-l)
640 X=X+l:GOTO 620
650 PRINT N*<X>
651 IF KP=1 THEN 6000
660 IF I*="N" THEN 670
665 IF I*<>"n" THEN 690
670 IF INKEY*="" THEN 670
680 PRINT:PRINT:GOTO490
690 GOSUB 1150:F=0
700 IF I*="D" OR I*="d" THEN 800
710 IF I*="S" OR I*="s" THEN 70
720 IF I*="C" OR I*="c" THEN F=l
: GOSUB 1410
730 IF I*="P" OR I*="p" THEN GOS
UB 1190
735 IF I*="0" OR I*="o" THEN GOS
UB 3600
740 IF 1*="?" THEN GOSUB 1290
750 IF I*="A" THEN PRINT: GOTO 76
0
755 IF I*<>"a" THEN 770 ELSE PR I
NT
760 PR I NT "SECT I ON TO BE ADDED: 11 :
GOTO 350
770 PRINT @ 17, "SEARCHING FILE" : G
OTO 560
780 SOUND 200 , 5 : CLS0 : PR I NT@ 1 95 , "
<no more data on file>":Z=USR
(0)
781 IF KP=0 THEN 790
782 CL0SE#2
783 KP = 0
790 GOSUB 1150: GOTO 70
800 N*<X)= ,IH : PRINT STRINGS <32,CH
R*<128> > ; : PR I NT "ITEM DELETED FRO
M FILE"
810 SOUND 1 50, l: PRINT" (STANDBY WH
ILE FILE IS UPDATED)"
820 FOR XX=X TO D-l
830 N*<XX)=N*<XX+1> :NEXT XX
840 X=X-1
850 GOTO 560
860 IF TY=1 THEN GOSUB 3050
870 GOSUB 1170:FL*=I*
880 N=0
PRICE OF DISC DRIVES
GOT YOU DOWN?
Then get your system up! Now you can run programs of any length, using a standard cassette
player for virtual memory. By adding a few simple lines to your program, "overlays" will
automatically load & unload during execution. Unique system uses endless-loop tapes so you
can jump to the end or return to the beginning without pressing a button ! Easy to use on any
memory size ColorComputer, and Ml. subroutine makes It fast. Ext. Basic required.
VIRTUAL MEMORY LOADER $12.95
DAILY MINDER $8.95 >«v
Add $1.50 shipping and handling per order. NJ residents add 5% sales tax.
little bits computing svcs.
P.O. Box 396
Hibernia, NJ 07842
Color Computer Is a trademark of the Tandy Corp.
890 OPEN"I",#TY, I*
900 N=N+1
920 INPUT#TY,N*<N>
930 X-INSTR(N«(N>, "]">: IF X=0 GO
TO 960
940 MID*<N*<N),X,1)=CHR*<13>
950 GOTO 930
960 IF EOF<TY)=0 THEN 900
970 CLOSE#TY
980 GOTO 70
990 PRINT6384, "do you want to sa
ve data <y/n) " ; : X=USR <0>
991 I*=INKEY*:IF I *=" "THEN 991
992 IF I*="N" OR I*="n" THEN CLS
IEND
994 IF I*="Y" OR I*="y" THEN PR
INT @384, STRING* < 32, " ");:GOTO10
10
1000 GOTO 70
1010 GOSUB3000: GOSUB 1170
1030 N=0: IF TY=1 AND FL*=I* THEN
CLS0: SOUND 150, l:PRINT@7*32+5, "o
Id file being erased": X=USR<0) :K
ILL FL*+"/DAT"
1 035 CLS0 : SOUND 1 50 , 1 : PR I NT@7*32+
5, "new file being created" : X=USR
(0)
1036 X=0
1037 X=X+l:IF N*<X)O""THEN1037
1040 OPEN " 0 " , #T Y , I *
1050 N=N+1
1060 IF N*<N>="" THEN 1130
1070 Y=INSTR (N* (N) , CHR$ < 13) > : IF
Y=0 THEN 1100
1080 MID*<N*<N) , Y, 1)="D"
1090 GOTO 1070
1100 IF TYOl THEN 1115 ELSE WRI
TE #1,N*<N>
1110 GOTO1050
1115 PRINT#-1,N*<N>
1120 GOTO 1050
1130 CLOSE#TY
1140 GOTO 70
1150 I*=INKEY*:IF 1*="" THEN 115
0
1 160 I=VAL < I*) : RETURN
1170 PRINT:PRINT@448, " file n
ame: ";
1171 Z=USR<0) : PRINT" "5
1172 PRINT @463, ""; ILINE INPUT I
$
1175 IF I*=""THEN70
1180 Z=USR<0) : RETURN
1190 CLS: GOSUB 1650: IF 1=1 THEN
1220
1200 PR I NTQ230, "PRINTER IS NOT R
EADY": SOUND 100,5
1210 GOSUB 1150:GOTO580
1220 Y=INSTR<N*<X >,"*">: IF Y=0 T
HEN 1260
1230 PRINT LEFT*<N*<*> ,Y-1) :PRIN
T : PR I NT#-2 , LEFT* < N* < X ) , Y- 1 )
1 240 PR I NT#-2 , " " : PR I NT#-2 , STR I N
G*<32, "*")
1250 X=X+l:GOTO 1220
1260 PRINT N*<X> :print:print#-2,
N*(X)
1 270 PR I NT#-2 , " " : PR I NT#-2 , STR I NG
*<32, "*">
1280 RETURN
1290 CLS <0) : PRINT" key letters:"
1300 PRINT: PRINT" a = add dat
ii
December, 1982
1310 PRINT"
1320 PRINT"
the RAINBOW
ii
1330 PRINT"
1340 PRINT"
1350 PRINT"
c
d
P
correct data"
delete listing
ii
stop search"
print data"
prints this li
key
1360 PRINT: PRINT " < space bar> c
ontinues search"
1370 X=X-1
1380 PRINT6480, " <press any
to continued'; : Z»USR<0)
1390 IF INKEY*="" THEN 1390
1400 RETURN
1410 PR I NT: PR I NT "ENTER DATA TO B
E CHANGED: "
1420 LINE INPUT Dl*
1430 D1=INSTR<N*<X) ,D1*)
1440 IF D1=0 THEN 1410
1450 PR I NT "ENTER CORRECTED DATA:
ii
1460 LINE INPUT D2*
1470 D2=LEN<D1*)
1480 C1*=LEFT*<N*<X) ,D1-1)
1490 C2*=MID*<N*<X) ,D1+D2)
1500 N*<X)=C1*+D2*+C2*
1510 IF I*="C" OR I*="c" THEN X=
X-l
1520 RETURN
1530 GOSUB 1650: IF 1=1 GOTO 1560
1540 PR I NT6485, "PRINTER IS NOT R
EADY " ;
1550 SOUND 150, 5: FOR X=1TO500:NE
XT X:GOTO70
1560 PRINT6483, "PRESS 'S* TO STO
P PRINTING";
1570 SOUND 100, 5: FOR X=l TO 500:
NEXT X
1580 X=0
1590 X=X+l: IF X=D+1 GOTO 1640
1600 IF N*<X)=""THEN 1640
1610 IF INKEY*="S" OR INKEY*="s"
THEN 1640
1620 GOSUB 1190
1630 GOTO 1590
1640 GOTO 70
1650 REM*** IS PRINTER READY?
1660 IF PEEK <65314)/2=INT (PEEK <6
5314) /2) THEN 1=1 ELSE 1=0
1670 RETURN
^EPI^hHRFSBRTING ROUTINE***,*
1810 FORSl=l TO N-l STEP2
1820 S2=S1+1
1830 NEXT SI
1840 S3=0
1850 S4=N
1860 S4=INT<S4/2)
1870 IF S4=0 GOTO 2060
1880 S3=S3+1
1890 PRINT ©490, "PASS #"S3;
1900 FOR S5=l TO S4-1
1910 S1=S5
1920 S2=S5+S4 /
1930 S6=0 /
1940 IF N*<S1)<N*<S2)G0T0 1990
1950 S6=l /
1960 SS*=N*<51>
1970 N*<S1)~N*<S2)
1980 N*<S2/=SS*
1990 S1=S2
2000 S2t«2+S4
2010 IF S2<N GOTO 1940
2020 IF S6=0 GOTO 2040
/
Page 1 23
2030 GOTO 1910
2040 NEXT" S5
2050 GOTO i860
0 GOTO 70
2070 FOR X=l TO 5
2080 CS A VE " D AT AF I LE "
2090 FOR Y=l TO 500: NEXT Y: NEXTX
3000 PRINT @132," device to be
ii
d - dis
3010 PRINT: PRINT"
k"
3020 PRINT" t - tape"
3030 IF I*="A" OR I*="a" OR I*="
ADD" OR I*="add" THEN PRINT"
k - keyboard"
3040 PR I NT : PR I NT@320 , " yo
ur choice?"; :X=USR<0)
3041 I*=INKEY*:IF I*=" "THEN3041
3042 IF I*="D" OR I*="d" THEN TY
=1 ELSE IF I*="T" OR I*="t" THEN
TY=-1 ELSE IF I*="K" OR I*="k"
THEN TY=3 ELSE IF I*=CHR*<13) TH
EN 70 ELSE SOUND 50, 2: GOTO3041
3045 RETURN
3050 GOSUB3500:PRINT" these are
the files contained in the dis
k at this time: ":Z=USR<0) : FOR W=
3 TO 11
3060 DSKI*0, 17, W, A*,B*
3070 C*=A*+LEFT*<B*, 127)
3080 NAM*<0)=LEFT*<C*,8)
3090 EXT*<0)=MID*<C*,9,3)
3100 FOR Z=l TO 7
3110 NAM*<Z)=MID*<C*,Z*32+1,8)
3120 EXT*<Z)=MID*<C*,9+Z*32,3)
3130 NEXT Z
3140 FOR ZZ=0 TO 7
3150 IF EXT*<ZZ)="DAT" AND LEFT*
<NAM*<ZZ) , 1)<>CHR*<0)THEN PRINT
"NAM*<ZZ) ,
3160 NEXT ZZ,W
3170 RETURN
3500 SOUND150,2:CLS<0) : PRINT"
universal data file"
3510 PRINT"
Ii
3530 RETURN
3600 KP=l:CLS: INPUT "FILE NAME" ; K
P*
3610 0PEN"0",#2,KP*
3620 GOTO 100
4000 FOR I=0TO7:READ E*:E=VAL<"&
H"+E*):POKE I+&HE03,E:NEXT
4010 DEFUSR0=&HE03 : X =USR0 < &H0E 1 8
) :gotoi0
add data"
find item";
print entire
sort- d a t a-ii4—
open new f i 1
ii
5000 PRINT@134,"a -
5010 PRINT6166, "f -
5020 PRINT® 198,
file";
5035 PRINT6262,
P "
ii
?xit to basi
- exit to basic";
5040 PR IN
c"PRINT@262,
5050 X=USR <0) : RETURN
6000 N1=N1+1
6010 Y=INSTR<N*<X) ,CHR*<13) )
Y=0THEN6030
6020 MID*<N*<X) ,Y, 1 ) = ":]"
6021 GOTO 6010
6030 WR I TE#2 , N* < X ) : GOTO560
IF
aawmow
Page 1 24
the RAINBOW
December, 1 982
\
Hobbies...
\
j Ham and CoCo: Holiday
Fare for Duel Hobbiests
By B.B. Witham, Jr.
Many ham radio operators seem to take to computers as a
second hobby. (They seem to go together well.) Anyway,
such is the plight of my wife! I have been a ham for over 25
years but got into the computer game only last year, with
CoCo.
One of the first projects I undertook was to automate my
logging of radio contacts. The FCC has reduced the legal
requirements for logging, but I think that I, like most hams,
still like to keep a rather full log for my own purposes. My
first efforts were none too successful, and I must give credit
to my son-in-law, R.T. Kilpatrick, of Stockbridge, G A (who
also has CoCo), for his assistance and the suggestion to use
line input. The program I present here is the culmination of
my efforts to have a log that would incorporate the f eatures I
wanted.
First, I wanted a full feature program with add/ revise/
save/ load/ printout, etc. Also I wanted the input to be pre-
formatted. As can be seen, this program accomplishes all of
these and has a few nice features.
The present form takes about 20K and is set up for two
disk drives and the line printer VII. The program can be
easily modified to accommodate other peripherals.
Line 100 — The DIM statement can be modified to fit
memory requirements.
Lines 25, 140, 320, 570 — Modify for your own callsign.
Lines 8 10, 840, 850, 870, 9 1 0, 940, 950, and 970— Modify
for single disk drive or tape.
Line 1 170 — Modify with your own station data.
In running the program, I usually log each day's contacts
at the end of the day. On succeeding days, the create file
selection is not used again. The old file is loaded and then the
add selection is used to continue the file. The revise/ review
selection can be used any time a file is in memory, either
bef ore saving or af ter loading, to review or correct. Also, the
whole file does not have to be reviewed if only a single record
needs to be seen or corrected.
In the printout selection, an appropriate header can be
printed at the first of the log, but need not be repeated for
each day.
All in all, I find this program does it all f or me and I hope
others will be able to use it with as much success. Questions
regardingthe program will be gladly answered at the address
given in the header.
The listing:
10
15
20
* ****************************
STATION LOG
AMATEUR RADIO STATION
(YOUR CALL)
' *
' *
* *
30
40
45
50
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
* *
'*
" *
" *
* *
" *
9 *
9 *
* * * * * *
BY: B.B. WITHAM JR. W4CNZ
3501 SEA GULL RD.
VIRGINIA BEACH, VA. 23452
VERSION 2.4 9/01/82
THIS PROGRAM MAY BE USER
MODIFIED. HOWEVER, THIS
HEADER SHALL BE RETAINED
AND THE PROGRAM MAY NOT
BE RESOLD.
' ****************************
9 *
9 *
9 *
* *
ARE YOUR WALKING FINGERS GETTING FOOTSORE ?
Tired of typing in all those !ong, but wonderful, programs from each issue of the RAINBOW? Now you can get RAINBOW ON TAPE and
give those tired fingers a rest! With RAINBOW ON TAPE, you'll be able to spend your time enjoying programs instead of
typing, ..typing. ..typing them! All you ever need do again is pop a RAINBOW ON TAPE cassette into your recorder, CLOAD and RUN any
one you want.
RAINBOW ON TAPE is available as a single issue for $6.50 or on a yearly subscription basis for only $60. It is the perfect complement to
the RAINBOW itself.
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JUST GOOD SOFTWARE
DISK DOUBLE ENTRY - If you have spent hours trying to balance your Debits and Credits, this program is
for you! Designed for small business, club, and personal use. Enter transactions in a journal typeformat.
Program will maintain current account balances, produce Trial Balance, Income, and Balance Sheet re-
ports and complete Account Ledgers. Will handle up to 300 accounts including report headings and
totals. Up to 1 400 average transactions on a diskette. Summary reports and four levels of subtotals
available. REQUIRES 32K and a user understanding of standard double entry accounting con-
cepts. - $44.95 in BASIC with Machine Language subroutines.
DISK DATA HANDLER - Will allow you to design d isk data files for your specific applications. Provides a power-
ful facility for on-screen input and update, fast selection and sorting, user defined output of reports to
screen or printer, and output to disk files which may be read by your BASIC programs for any computa-
tional or special formatting requirements. You define a basic record of up to 1 4 fields and 246 characters.
Sort or select records based on any field or combination of fields in this record. Maximum number of
records you may work with at one time will depend on record size (500 - 23 char records, 50-246 char
records). An optional Extended record linked to the basic record may also be defined. The size of the
Extended record is not a factor in determining maximum number of records. Disk Data Handler is the
type of tool which will provide the growth capability needed for your increasingly sophisticated applica-
tions. REQUIRES 32K. - $44.95 in BASIC with Machine Language subroutines.
DATE-O-BASE CALENDAR- Puts you in charge of yourschedule! Graphically displays any monthly calendar
between 1 700 and 2099. You put in up to twelve 28 character memos per day - calendar shows where
the memos are - call up of day shows details. Use for appointments and a log of past activity. Study the
chronology of the American Revolution or note the day your mortgage will be paid off. Search capability
allows you to list or print all memos between two specified dates or only ones meeting key word criteria.
Date computation shows elapsed time between twodates in days, weeks, months, and years. REQUIRES
32K in BASIC.
TAPE DATE-O-BASE CALENDAR - $16.95
(max. 400 memos/tape file)
DISK DATE-O-BASE CALENDAR - $19.95
(over 4,000 memos/disk - max. 300 memos/month)
MATH TUTOR - Five programs thatgo from math fact (+, — , X, /) drill tof ull addition, subtraction, multiplication,
and division at four levels of difficulty. Provides a step by step approach with error correction and re-
wards for good performance. - $1 3.95 in BASIC.
SPELLING TEACHER - Up to 200 of their spelling words stored on tape or disk are presented in four lively
study modes including a scrambled word game. - $12.95 in BASIC.
ALPHA-DRAW - A subroutine designed to let you easily add characters to your graphic displays. You define
X and Y coordinates and a string variable of one or more characters and Alpha-Draw will do the rest.
Includes all keyboard characters. Comes with instructions for a true line numbered merge of tape files.
Works great with the Screen Print program! - $8.95 in BASIC.
GRAPHIC SCREEN PRINT PROGRAM - Works in ALL PMODES and lets you shift screen image anywhere
on the printed page. Relocatable code lets you use all of your 1 6K or 32K machine. Available for both
Color Basic 1 .0 and 1 .1 . Use EXEC 41 1 75 to see which you have and SPECIF/ with order. In Machine Language.
$7.95- For TRS-80® LP-VII/VIII & DMP-1 00/400
$9.95 - For Epson GRAFTRAX®, PRO WRITER®, NEC® PC 8023A-C, IDS-440/445 (w. graphics dot plotting),
Microline® 82A/83A (w. OKIGRAPH® I) (SPECIFY printer type.)
(Trademarks of Tandy Corp., Epson America, Inc., C-ltoh, NEC America, Okidata Corp.)
ii
s
<
o
o
H
00
K
~ JA
*0
5(2
*
5
s
ALL PROGRAMS require Extended Color Basic and are delivered
on cassette. All, except Tape Date-O-Base Calendar, are DISK
System compatible.
We want your
SUGGESTIONS!
Custom Software Engineering, Inc.
807 Minutemen Causeway Cocoa Beach, Florida 32931
(305) 783-1083
For VISA and Master Card orders:
Include type, account number, expiration
date, signature and phone number.
Sorry! No COD's.
Add $1 .00 per order for shipping. Florida
residents add 5% sales tax. Return within
two weeks if not completely satisfied.
RAINBOW
currmcATK*
ALL LISTED
PROGRAMS
Page 1 26
the RAINBOW
December, 1 982
100 cleari2000:dimdd*<ii,61):f=0
: G=450 : H=482 : L= 1 36 : M= 1 37 : N= 0 : T= 1
000: v=50: w=700: Y=200
110 B*=" PRESS < ENTER > TO CONTINU
E":C*=" ENTRY NR:-":D*=" '#'-RETU
RNS TO MENU": GOTO 140
120 A*=INKEY*: IFA*="" THEN 120 EL
SERETURN
130 ' SET UP TITLE PAGE****
140 CLS:SOUNDY,5:FORJ=1024 TO 105
5:P0KEJ, 153:NEXTJ:FORJ=1504 T015
35:P0KEJ, 153:NEXTJ:FORJ=1024 TOl
504 STEP32 : POKE J , 1 53 : NE X T J : FOR J=
1055 T01535 STEP32:P0KEJ, 153: NEX
TJ:PRINT@109, "W4CNZ"; : PRINT© 136,
"»STATION LOG<<"; :PRINT@169, " —
... :fortm=i tot: next
150 ' MENU****
160 CLS:SOUNDL, 1:PRINT@42, "MAIN
MENU" : PR I NT® 1 34, " 1 ) CREATE LOG F
ILE 2) LIST/REVISE
FILE 3) SAVE FILE
4) LOAD FILE
5) ADD TO FILE"
170 PRINTQ294, "6) PRINT OUT
7) EXIT ROUTINE":
PRINTQ450, "TOTAL ENTRIES IN FILE
: - " ; N : PR I NTQ482 , " LATEST DATE ON
file:-";dd*<i,X) ;
180 GOSUB120
190 A=VAL < A$ ) : I FA< 1 0RA>7 THENGO
SUB 120
COLORTERM I.I
^ DISK COMPATIBLE VERSION AND
^ NEW FEATURES INCLUDED —
NO PRICE INCREASE
The Color Computer* as an intelligent terminal
with 51 or 64 columns by 21 lines
plus true lowercase! All done in software.
Any data format — 1 6K or 32K — 300 or 1 1 0 Baud
Print and save host data to cassette
Encode data for secure storage
RAINBOW
User programmable keys a "-'™
Much more!
• reverse video • macro buffers for often-used output
• partial screen clear • patch the 51 or 64 column display
• 4-way cursor control to your own basic and assembly
• automatic repeat when programs
key is held down • preserve a "window" of any size,
• enter data offline for new material scrolls through
later uploading to host remainder of screen
". . .Very impressed ..." — The Rainbow
" Very pleased. . .high marks..." — Color Computer News
"... Easy to use. . .text densities are high enough to allow
doing some serious work." — 80 Micro
Cassette and disk versions included with all orders,
add $5.00 if you want programs on a disk
$34.95 (U.S.) $40.95 (Canadian)
M.O., VISA, M/C (include expiry)
MARTIN CONSULTING, 94 Macalester Bay
Winnipeg, Man. R3T 2X5 CANADA
*T.M. of Tandy Corp.
200 ON A GOTO300,500,800,900, 100
0, 1100, 1300
300 * CREATE LOG*****
310 FORX=l TO60:IFF=1 THENX=N+1
320 CLS: PR I NT@5, "STATION LOG - W
4CNZ"
330 PR I NT@32 , " DATE : " ; " " :
PRINTQ46, "TM: " ; " ":PRINT@53,
"FREQ: " "
340 PR I NTQ64 , " CALL : " ; " " :
PRINT678, "NAME: " ; " "
350 PRINTQ96, "QTH: " ; "
it
360 PRINT6128, "RST: "; " — ":PR
INTQ138, "PWR: " ; " " : PRINTQ147
, "MODE: "; " "
370 PR I NT© 160, "NOTES: "
" : PR I NTQ277 , " TMOUT : " ; "
H
380 PRINTQ289, "NR. OF ENTRIES: "N
390 IFN>60 THENCLS:GOTO160
400 PR I NTQ32 , " da t e " ; : POKEL , 4 : POK
EM,37:LINEINPUTDD*<1,X) :SOUNDY, 1
:PRINT@46, "tm: "; " ":PRINT@5
2, "FREQ: "; " "
410 POKEM, 49: LINEINPUTDD* <2, X) :S
OUNDY, 1 : PRINTQ53, "f req: " ; " "
:pokem,58:lineinputdd*<3, X) :soun
DY, 1:PRINT@64, "cal 1 ";: POKEM, 69: L
I NE I NPUTDD* < 4 , X) :SOUNDY, 1: PRINT©
78, "name: "; " "
420 P0KEM,83:LINEINPUTDD*<5, X) :S
OUNDY, l:PRINT@96, "qth: "; :POKEM, 1
00:LINEINPUTDD*<6, X) :SOUNDY, 1
430 PRINT® 128, "rst: "; : :POKEM, 132
:lineinputdd*<7, X) :soundy, i:prin
T6138, "pwr: "; " ":PRINT@147, "M
ode: "; " ":pokem, 142:linein
PUTDD*<8, X) :SOUNDY, 1:PRINT@147, "
mode: "; " "
440 POKEM , 1 52 : L I NE I NPUTDD* < 9 , X ) :
SOUNDY, l: PRINT© 160, "notes: "; "
" : POKEM, 16
6:LINEINPUTDD*<10, X) :SOUNDY, 1:PR
INTQ277, "tmout: "; " ": POKEL, 5:
POKEM , 27 : L I NE I NPUTDD* < 1 1 , X ) : SOUN
DY,l:N=N+l
450 PRINT@256,STRING*<30, 143): SO
UND V , 1 : PR I NT@4 1 7 , C* ; N : PR I NTQG , D*
: PR I NT@H , B$; : GOSUB 1 20
460 IFA*="#" THENN=X: GOTO 160
470 IFA*OCHR*<13) THEN450 ELSES
OUNDY, 1
480 NEXTX
500 * REVISE/REVIEW FILE****
510 CLS:PRINT@129, ""; : INPUT"DO Y
**NEW** ADVANCED
**NEW** ADVANCED
**NEW** ADVANCED
STAR*TRENCH
Even if you've tried our short saaple version of this ganei
you will have to o*n this advanced* highly graphic version
of STAR*TR£NCH WARFARE. This High-Res Color Gaae has the
■ost elaborate graphics of any Color Computer Gave created
to date. We thought it would take 32K to give you the
detail of this dazzling simulation* but we've actually
craaned it into 1SK and added the lost retarkable speed and
flicker free animation found in ANY Extended Basic prograa.
(You will not believe this prograa is really in Basic* plus
you can always list our prograa to learn the programing
techniques that sake our software stand out fro© ALL the
other basic programs available.)
ADVANCED STAR*TftENCK WARFARE includes a noving trench,
cockpit perspective? on screen rapid scoring, energy and
ship gauges, automatic high score tally? joystick control,
and a recharge and crash sequence you' 1 1 have to see to
believe. Pop on a pair of 3D glasses and WON!!!, your Color
Computer will ju*p to life with an even greater sense of
depth with 3D-like color graphics. (3D glasses are not
included? and are not required for you to enjoy this fine
game.) You'll surely want this remarkable game as part of
your software collection. Buy it and you'll see that color
software doesn't have to be Machine Language to be the
best ! ! ! ! !
WARFARE
ADVANCED STAR*TRENCH WARFARE AVAILABLE AS
****1SK EXTENDED BASIC GAME ON CASSETTE *18.95****
Color WordClone makes word processing simple. This program can be used with $ | O V|*l
tape or disk and provides you with real UPPER and LOWER CASE letters with | \J m \} \J
descenders. PLUS ... 50 letters by 23 lines on the screen at one time! Why pay more
when this is all you need? JUST $18.95 supplied on tape (minimum system 16K
Extended Basic). USER MODIFIABLE! ! ! !
16K Extended Color Basic Tape Programs
CREATAVADER — Create your own targets or choose from a menu of
predesignated four-color targets.
GA TOR ZONE — Battle against alien "preppy gators" before they eat your
shirt! An 1MB original.
KOSMIC KAMIKAZE — Our best-selling high-res, deep space arcade game
which the RAINBOW called "...the best spaceship graphics we have seen in a
non-machine language program."
MANY MORE TITLES available, including STAR SIEGE PLUS, GAL-
LOPING GAMBLERS, SELECT- AG AME y STARBASE ATTACK,
METEOR STORM, plus new releases coming.
illustrated memory banks
P.O.BOX 289
WILLIAMSTOWN, MA. 01267-0289
VISA AND MASTERCARD ACCEPTED
CALL (413) 663-9648 3-7 P.M. EST
SPECIAL OFFER: Mention this magazine ad and select
a FREE proaram for- every two programs you order ! !
RAINBOW
SEAL
Page 1 28
the RAINBOW
December, 1 98S
□U WANT WHOLE FILE <WF) OR A SP
ECIFIC DATE <SD)? M ;A*
520 IF A*<>"WF" AND A*<>"SD" THE
N510 ELSE IF A*="WF" THEN550 ELS
ii
530 CLS:PRINT@129, " " ; : INPUT" inpu
T DATE WANTED. FORMAT: - MM/
DD/YY";SD*<1,0)
540 N=0 : SOUNDY , 1 : FORR= 1 TOX : I FSD
*<1,0)=DD*<1,R) THEN570 ELSENEXT
R: GOTO 160
550 N=0
560 SOUNDY, l:FORR=l TOX
570 CLS: PR I NT@5, "STATION LOG - W
4CNZ":PRINT@32, "DATE: ";DD*<1,R) :
PRINTQ46, "TM: "; DD* <2,R) : PRINTQ53
, "FREQ: " ; DD$ <3, R) : PRINT@64, "CALL
: " ; DD$ <4, R) : PRINT@78, "NAME: ";DD*
<5,R) :PRINT@96, "QTH: ";DD*<6,R) :P
RINTQ128, "RST: " ; DD* <7, R) : PRINTQ1
38, "PWR: ";DD*<8,R>
580 PRINT8147, "MODE: ";DD*<9,R) :P
RINTQ160, "NOTES: " ; BD* < 10, R) : PRIN
TQ277, "TMOUT: " ; DD* < 1 1 , R) : PRINTQ2
89, "ANY CORRECTIONS? Y/N";:GOSUB
120
590 IFA*="N" THEN630 ELSEIFA*="Y
" THEN600 ELSE IF A*<>"N" OR A*<
« *
AT LAST
Utilities For Extended Basic!
#UK2 COLOR KRUNCHER — $9.95
—Reduces Memory Requirements Of Any
Extended Basic Program
—Speeds Program Execution Time
— Type In A Program From A Magazine, As Is,
Debug It, Then Let Kruncher Make It
Shorter And Faster
—Includes LN.XREF—Get A Sorted Listing Of
All Referenced Line #'s — Can Be Used
Separately — Optional Printer Output
#UV4 VARIABLE CROSS REFERENCE — $6.95
—Locates All Variables In Your Extended Basic /$^\
Program •^•y
—Automatic Sort— Optional Printer Output
#UF2 LLIST FORMATTER — $6.95
—User-selectable Margins, Page Lengths, Top-
of -forms and More
— Optional Space Between Lines— Highlights
Line Numbers
—For Most Recent Tandy Printers (can be user
modified)
#UT2 TEXT COUNT — $5.95
—Counts Lines, Sentences, Words, Total
Characters Of Any ASCII-Saved Extended
Basic Text File
ALL PROGRAMS WORK ON EXT. BASIC TAPE OR DISK!!!
Buy Two. Or More On The Same Order And Take 10% Off
Send Check Or Money Order To: ( Pa. Residents Add 6%)
(Postage paid in U.S. and Canada)
MICROLOGIC
Box 193, 1st Avenue
East Brady, PA 16028
>"Y" THENGOSUB120:GOTO590
600 SOUNDY, l:PR I NT637, " <1>
; :print@49, " <2> "; :print@58, " <3>
"; :print@69, " <4> "; : print©
83, " <5> "; IPRINTQ100, " <6> ";STRI
NG*<22,32) IPRINTQ132, " <7> " ; : PR
INTQ142, " <8> "; :PRINT@152, " <9>
"; :print@166, " <10) "; strings <19,
32) :PRINT@283, " <11) "
610 PRINT@289,STRING*<18,32) :PRI
NTQ289, " " ; : INPUT" INPUT ITEM NR: "
; NR : SOUNDY , 1 : PR I NTQ289 , STR I NG* < 1
8,32) :PRINT@289,DD*<NR,R) : PRINT©
32 1 , " " : L I NE I NPUT " I NPUT CORRECT D
ata: ";dc*: sound y, l
620 DD*<NR,R)=DC*
630 N=N+1 : SOUNDV, 1 : SOUNDY, 1 : PR IN
T@418, c*; n: printqg, d*: printqh, b*
; IGOSUB120
640 IFA*="#" THEN 160
700 IFA*OCHR*<13) THEN630 ELSES
OUNDY, 1 : NEXTR
710 CLS : PR I NT@65 , " END OF FILE.":
SOUNDY , 3 : FORTM= 1 TOW : NEXTTM : GOTO
160
800 9 SAVE FILE****
810 CLS: PRINTQ103, "DISK DRIVE RE
ADY?": PR I NT® 164, "PRESS < ENTER > T
O SAVE FILE" ; : PRINT@G, D$: G0SUB12
0
820 IFA*="#" THEN 160
830 IFA*OCHR*<13) THEN810 ELSE8
40
840 OPEN"0",#l, "LOG/DAT: 1"
850 FORO=l TOX:FORZ=l TOll: PRINT
#1,DD$ (Z,0) :NEXTZ: IFO=X THEN870
860 NEXTO
870 CLOSE* l: CLS: SOUNDY, 5: PR I NT@2
30, "DISK SAVE COMPLETE. ":FORTM=l
TOW: NEXTTM : GOTO 160
900 ' LOAD FILE****
910 CLS : PR I NT@ 1 02 , "DISK DRIVE RE
ADY?":PRINT@163, "PRESS < ENTER > T
O LOAD FILE. "; : PRINTQG, D*: GOSUB1
20
920 IF A*="#" THEN 160
930 IFA*OCHR*<13) THEN910 ELSE9
40
940 OPEN " I ",#1, "LOG/ DAT: 1"
950 FORI=l TO60:FORZ=1 TOll: LINE
INPUT#1,DD*<Z, I ) :NEXTZ: IFEOF<l)T
HEN970
960 NEXTI
970 CLOSE* 1 : CLS : SOUNDY , 5 : PR I NT@2
30, "DISK LOAD COMPLETE. ": FORTM=l
TOW: NEXTTM: X=l: GOTO 160
1000 ' ADD TO FILE****
1010 f=i:n=i:goto310
1100 * PRINT OUT FILE****
DISCOVER J ARB
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JARB SOFTWARE
JUNGLE TREK
Lost in a jungle with wild animals lurking;
your only survival is to find a safe com-
pound before you are lunch for lions;
high resolution; multi-color.
16K EXT $14.95
RAINBOW
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LAZER STAR
HELO BATTLE
1) 2 players avoid destruction by blasts of
mysterious lazerstar while battling each
other for possession of Lazerstar
16K EXT
2) 1 player/2 joystick combat game to
blow up 5 blockhouses while watching fuel,
ammo, and avoiding anti-aircraft fire
16K EXT Both for $14.95
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JARB CODE
Encode/decode important messages or
other information in a virtually un-
breakable format.
16K Standard/Extended $15.95
RAINBOW
CERTIFICATION
SEAL
BIORHYTHM
/PSYCHIC APT.
1) Prints biorhythm charts of nearly
unlimited length; attractively formatted
f or use on Line Printer VII. 1 6K
2) Your psychic ability is determined
through questions evaluating your psychic
experiences
16K Both for $15.95
SCORE-EZ
From 1 to 6 people can play this excellent
adaptation of a popular board game. The
computer keeps score for all players, and
rolls dice. You can roll again just like the
original game. Properly position the
results of each turn for maximum score.
The only thing you will need besides your
computer is players. Color graphics and
sound will entertain you for hours, and
it's EZ to play.
16K EXT $15.95
U.S. funds only.
No credit cards accepted.
RAINBOW
CERTIFICATION
SEAL
PRODUCTS FROM
OUR FRIENDS
SKY DEFENSE
By Quasar Animations
Fight off the attacking waves of enemy
craft in fast realtime combat. Machine
language.
16K $18.95
RAINBOW VAMPIRE
CE«T,F,CAT,ON By Falsof(
Locked in a 60 room mansion; your only
escape is to find and destroy dreaded
Nosferantu before sundown; time play
averages 6-plus hours.
32K EXT $14.95
MYSTERY MAZE
RAINBOW ^
certification Enhanced Version
SEAL
By Faith Robinson Enterprises
Excellent test of nerves and skill; escape
this 3-D maze without touching the elec-
trified walls; lose points if you stop to
look at your map; random start locations
prevent memorization; play time varies
from minutes to hours.
32K EXT $14.95
NEW PRICES ON
DATA CASSETTES
C-05 C-10
$ .65 QTY 1-10 $ .70
$ .60 QTY 11-20 $ .65
Soft Poly Cases Ea. $.20
Hard Shelled Cases Ea. $.22
Cassette Labels (12) Sh. $.36
NANOS COLOR BASIC
AND EXTENDED
rainbow SYSTEM REFERENCE
C6RTIF (CATION
SEAL
CARD
"The New Industry Standard"
$4.95
(We pay postage on this one)
All types of Nano cards available
JARB
I
N
C
SOFTWARE
HARDWARE
COMPUTER PRODUCTS
1636 D Avenue - Suite C
National City CA 92050
(714) 474-6213
Dealer/ Author Inquiries Invited
JARB HARDWARE
* 4K/16K MEMORY CHIP SET
Eight 200 NS 4116 Factory Prime Chips,
16K Ram Button, and Upgrade Instruc-
tions. No Soldering $16.95
* 16K/32K
MEMORY UPGRADE KIT
Eight 200 NS 4116 Factory Prime Chips
with Piggy Backed Sockets, Sam Socket,
Bus Wire, and 32K Ram Button. Com-
prehensive Instructions. Recommended
for "D" or earlier, but may be used on
"E". No soldering to computer. Easy to
remove $25.95
*64K RAM CHIPS
200 NS 4164 Chip Set allows you to
upgrade "E" board easily. Factory Prime
Chips $69.95
* VIDEO INTERFACE KIT
Allows the composite video signal to be
interfaced directly to a B/W or color
monitor. All parts and instructions in-
cluded for external sound output. Does
not affect normal operations $19.95
RAINBOW
CERTIFICATION
SEAL
DUAL JOYSTICK UNIT
(D.J.)
Single unit assembly enhances playability
of multi-joystick/player games; conve-
nient press-to-fire buttons
+ $4.00 shipping : $35.95
EPSON PRINTERS
MX80FT/Graftrax+ $524.95
MX100FT/Graftrax+ $699.95
Serial Interface w/4K Buffer
Ideal for 80C use $109.95
80CTO Epson Cable $19.95
COMREX MONITORS
(works great with video interface kit)
12" Green Screen Composite .... $159.95
13" Color Composite Monitor . . . $344.95
Sorry, no C.O.D. on Printers and Monitors
Call or write for quantity prices on all cassette pro-
ducts. Special lengths available, eg., C-02, etc.
installation o f these items will void the Radio
Shack warranty. Radio Shack is a trademark o f the
Tandy Corp.
All programs warrantied 60 days from date of
purchase to original purchaser. Unless otherwise
specified, shipping and handling $2.00 per
order. California Residents add 6^o sales tax.
COD orders accepted
Page 1 30
the RAINBOW
December, 1 982
1110 cls:fortm=i to3:soundy,2:ne
xttm: print@233, 11 is printer on?":
fortm=l t09: soundv, 1 : nexttm: prin
t@g , d* : pr i nt@h , b* ; : gosub 1 20
1120 IFA*="#" THEN 160
1130 IFA*OCHR*<13) THEN1110 ELS
El 140
1140 CLS: PRINTQ355, "DO YOU WANT
A HEADING? <Y/N) " : PRINTQ397, " " ; :
PR I NT@G , D* ; : I NPUTE* : I FE*= " # " THE
NCLS: GOTO 160
1150 IFLEFT*<E*, 1)="Y" THEN1160
ELSE 11 90
1160 CLS : PR I NTQ289 , " " : I NPUT " I NPU
T START DATE" ;D1*: INPUT" INPUT EN
D DATE";D2*
1170 print#-2,chr*<31);chr*<16) ;
"is";" w4cnz station log": print*
-2,chr*<30) ; "3501 sea gull rd- v
irginia beach, va. 23452 op
erator: b.b.witham jr. ":print#-2
, "note: -all times in 'utc.";tab
<30) "START date:-";di*;tab<55) "E
nd date:-";D2*
1 1 80 PR I NT#-2 , 11 SI GNATURE : - " : PR
INT#-2, STRINGS <80, 45) : PRINT#-2: P
RINT#-2
1190 FORP=l TO60IIFX>1 AND P=X T
HENP=60: GOTO 160
1 200 PR I NT#-2 : PR I NT#-2 , " DATE- " ; D
D*<1,P) ;TAB<16) "TIME-";DD*<2,P) ;
TAB<29) "FREQ-" ; DD* <3, P) ; TAB < 42) "
CALL-" ; DD* <4, P) ; TAB <56) "NAME-" ; D
D*<5,P) :PRINT#-2, "QTH-";DD*<6,P)
;TAB<42) "RST-" ; DD* <7,P) ; TAB <54) "
PWR-" ;DD* <8,P) ; TAB <64) "MODE-" ; DD
*<9,P)
1210 PRINT#-2, "NOTES-" ;DD*< 10, P>
; " TMOUT-" ; DD* ( 1 1 , P) : PRINT#-2: IF
P=ll OR P=22 OR P=33 OR P=44 THE
N1220 ELSEIFXM THENNEXTP ELSE F
ORTM=l T04:S0UNDY,3:S0UNDL, 1INEX
TTM: GOTO 160
1220 PRINT#-2,STRING*<8, 13) : IFX>
1 THENNEXTP ELSE FORTM=l T04IS0U
NDY, 3: SOUNDL, 1 : NEXTTM: GOTO 160
1300 " EXIT ROUTINE****
1310 CLS: SOUNDV, 6: PRINT® 168, "ARE
YOU SURE ???":print@g,d*: print®
H, B$; : GOSUB120
1320 IFA*="# "THEN 160
1330 ifa*=chr*<13) thencls: print
@171," e n d":fortm=i tow:next:e
nd
Education.
Word Search Generates
Learning as Well as Fun
Program development
by
Timothy J. O'Donnell
Spelling, as an exercise in rote learning, was never a lot of
fun, if I correctly remember my childhood conclusion on the
subject. I enjoyed reading, but vocabulary study seemed
nearly as dry a process as spelling. Except, of course, when
Miss Watkins taught us our words in the fifth grade. We
boys would have gladly done anything for Miss Watkins —
even study our spelling words! Unfortunately, she married a
soldier from Ft. Knox and left school in the middle of the
year.
We lost-and-pining young souls eventually struggled
through, but our spelling and vocabulary words once more
became dark and gloomy items, cloaked in uncertainty and
hovering vaguely out of reach.
Of course, teaching methods have improved considerably
through the years ( Miss Watkins excepted), and the learning
process governed by today's school systems has, in general,
become far less tedious.
Part of the reason for this improvement in the lot of the
young learner has been the introduction of the computer
into the classroom, and theaccessability of creative software
such as the Word Search program recently brought to our
attention by Timothy J. O'Donnell.
Mr. O'Donnell is a teacher at Buckeye Valley High
School in Delaware, Ohio, and used the original version of
this program in giving spelling and vocabulary instruction.
To more closely fit his needs, and those of his students, he
extensively rewrote the program, adapting it to the 80C.
Word search puzzles, if you happen not to be familiar
with them, present you with rows and columns of letters,
within which are hidden words along any vertical,
horizontal, or diagonal axis, and written either backward or
forward. As you find them, you circle them with a pen or
pencil and move on to search for the next.
This revised version of the Word Search program will
chart up to 39 characters wide, and columns of any
reasonable length. You can enter as many words to search
for as will fit in your chosen format. Also, you can print as
many copies of your puzzle as you wish, making it ideal for
the classroom. As you see, now, this program does require a
line printer. A final, and extremely important aspect of the
program is its provision for furnishing you an answer key to
the puzzle.
H opef ully, many of you will find it entertaining and usef ul
as an educational family game, or a valuable offering to any
school which might employ the 80C in their classrooms.
Even programs such as Word Search can never replace
Miss Watkins (or Mr. O'Donnell, either, for that matter),
but they can stimulate learning by making it more fun. Of
that I know Miss Watkins would approve. Obviously, Mr.
O'Donnell does.
The Listing:
5 CLEAR: CLS: PR I NT
QUALITY SOFTWARE IS THE NUMBER ONE
PRIORITY AT K & K COMPUTORWARE
LASER TANK — Pit yourself in a game of strategy
and excitement against the computer. You must de-
fend your flag from attacking tanks and destroy
them before they destroy your flag or you!!! High
resolution graphics and four levels of difficulty. Only
$14 95 .
TALEGUNNER — High resolution graphics, ex-
tremely fast action 3-D effects. This one looks as if it
stepped right out of the arcade!! Are you brave
enough to defend your ship from attacking rebels? A
must for your color computer software library. Only
$14 95 .
SHOOT TO SPELL AND FLASH MATH — An educa-
tional package that helps kids learn to spell and
educate them on elementary math. An absolute
must for adults with school aged children. Joysticks
required. Only $11 95 .
HORSE RACE — Can you pick the next secretariat
among our thoroughbreds? High speed, life like ac-
tion for people of all ages. High resolution graphics.
16K extended or 32K disk. Only $12 95 .
GUMBALL RALLY — Race on the world's fastest ex-
pressway and see how fast you can go without
crashing into other cars or them into you! High
speed digital speedometer, see how long you can
break the law without crashing! Only $12 95 .
VV. V:
BLACKJACK — A casino game that putstwo players
against the beedy eyed dealer of the house. This
dealer deals the cards as good or even better than
Intelli vision. If you have any gambling blood at all
this game is a must! Same rules as any Las Vegas
casino. High resolution graphics. Only $12 95 .
AUTOBAHN — Pits you against the computer in an
ultimate battle to capture all the fuel modules before
the computer gets you!!! Only $14 9S .
POLARIS — You are under the ocean in a sub-
marine, attacking planes and enemy destroyers
dropping depth charges attempting to destroy your
sub. Can you destroy them before they destroy you?
This is an extremely fast action machine language
program with high resolution graphics. Only $14 95 .
GUNFIGHT — Fast action, quick draw shootout bet-
ween two players, great for kids and dads. This is an
old fashioned western fight to the death. High
resolution graphics. Only $14 95 .
SUPER ZAP — Enemy spaceships are attacking
from all sides and your mission should you choose
to accept it, is to defend your starbase from the
deadly Armada of Pyruss. This will be a dangerous
mission since the Pyruss Armada has never been
defeated by any humaniod. Action increases as the
game progresses. Only $14 95 .
SERIAL TO PARELLEL CONVERTER — Have a
printer with a parellel port? Tired of waiting for a line
list. With this little hardware device you can make
your color computer run at any baud rate between
300 and 9600. Let K & K help out your printer to go
much faster!!! Only $69 95 .
ALL GAME PROGRAMS — require 16K extended
and joysticks, (prices are set for cassette, add $4 0Q
for disk.
★ *
BUSINESS PROGRAMS**
INVENTORY CONTROL - This program contains all
the necessary features required for all types of in-
ventories. Such as sorting of inventory by stock
number. This program will list stock number,
description, amount in stock, cost wholesale, pro-
fits. Minimum 16K disk required. Only $39 95 .
PROPERTY INVENTORY FOR YOUR BUSINESS —
This program lists inventory by, department, date
purchased, property number. Gives line list of inven-
tory to your line printer, also this program has the
ability to add and delete items. Minimum 16K disk
required. Only $29 95 .
ACCOUNTS PAYABLE — This program inputs
outgoing accounts (name, address, city, state), ex-
penditure payed and balance owed. You can also Jist
one account of all accounts to the printer. Minimum
16K disk required. Only $29 95 .
ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE — This program inputs in-
coming accounts (name, address, city, state),
capital received, credit limit, date of last payment
and lists one or all accounts to the printer. You can
also insert ordelete accounts. Minimum 16K disk re-
quired. Only $2 9 95 .
BOWLING SCORES FOR DOLLARS — Do your
leagues bowling averages. This program will keep
individual scores, team totals, individual averages,
team standings, and prints all this information to
your line printer. Minimum 16K disk required. Only
$12 95 .
M ^M^M *
PROGRAMMERS!!! — K & K pays the highest
royalties for your programs. If your program is good,
send it to K & K and receive the best possible
coverage!
K & K's DISCOUNT POLICY
Buy 3 or more programs, get 10% off your purchase order!!
BLANK CASSETTES — C-10 for $8 00 a dozen, add $2 00 shipping & handling.
DEALER INQUIRIES WELCOMED
TRS-80 Color Computer Uses — This is only a small listing of what we have tooffer. New programsare added each week. Send $1.00for
our complete catalog.
Michigan residents add 4% sales tax.
l!
K & K Computorware
37326 Gregory Drive • Sterling Heights, Michigan 48077
Telephone: (313) 264-7345
Page 132
the RAINBOW
December, 1 982
10 PRINTTAB< 13) "PUZZLE"
40 PRINT
50 PRINT" WORD SEARCH PUZZLE GE
NERATOR"
160 PRINTQ448," PRESS ANY KEY
TO CONTINUE"
170 A*=INKEY*:IF A*="" THEN 170
200 CLSIPRINT
280 CLEAR 3000
310 PW=80 : REM PRINTER COLUMN WI
DTH
330 PR I NT "WHAT IS TO BE THE WIDT
H OF THE PUZZLE < " ; PW/2-1 ; "MAX I
MUM ) " : I NPUTW : MD= W : PR I NT
340 IF W*2<PW THEN 345
343 PR I NT "THAT WILL NOT FIT IN";
PW; "COLUMNS "I GOTO 330
345 IF W<1 THEN 330
348 PRINT
350 INPUT "WHAT IS TO BE THE LENG
TH OF THEPUZZLE";L :IFL>W THEN
MD=L
355 IF L<1 THEN 350
358 PRINT
360 INPUT "WHAT IS THE MAXIMUM NU
MBER OF WORDS IN THE PUZZLE <M
UST BE AT LEAST 2 WORDS" ;M
370 IF M<2 THEN 360
380 PRINT: INPUT "HOW MANY COPIES
PLANETARIUM
A FIVE PROGRAM CELESTIAL PACKAGE
You command a Computerized Planetarium
FEATURES
* 33 Constellations * Moon Phases*
* 21 First Magnitude Stars *
* Day or Night Skys *
* Nine Planets * Celestial Equator *
* Any Northern Latitude *
* Charts Planet Locations
A.D. 0 to A.D. 10,000 *
Astronomy Package for the Color Computer
16-K Extended Basic $16.95 postage paid
Moreton Bay
MORETON BAY
Software
Color Computer TRS 80 Tandy Corp.
SOFTWARE
A DIVISION O F MORETON BAY LABORATORY
316 South Castillio Street
Santa Barbara, CA 93101
OF THE PUZZLE DO YOU WANT < 1
IS THE MINIMUM ) ";NP
381 IF NP<1 THEN 380
390 DIM A*<L,W> ,W*<M>
400 DIM W<M,3> ,DXY<8,2> ,DD<28>
405 CLSIPRINT
410 PR I NT "ENTER A HEADING THAT W
ILL BE PRINTED OVER THE PUZZL
E ( " ; PW; " CHARACTERS MAX I
MUM) " I INPUTH*: PRINT
430 CLSIPRINT
440 PR I NT "ENTER A WORD AT EACH Q
UESTION MARK" : PRINT
450 PR I NT "TO REDO THE PREVIOUS
TYPE A HYPHEN <-) " :PR
INT
460 PR I NT "WHEN YOU RUN OUT OF WO
RDS TYPE A PERIOD <.)
" : PRINT
470 FOR 1=1 TO M
474 PRINT
475 IF I=M THEN PRINT"*ONLY ONE
MORE WORD CAN BE USED*"
479 PRINT
480 INPUT T* : IF T*="-" THEN 1=
i-l : PR I NT "REDO "; w*<l >;"... ":G
OTO480
490 IF T*="." THEN 655
500 IF LEN<T*>=0 THEN PRINT"INPU
T ERROR; REDO "; W* ( I >;"..." : GOT
O 480
510 J=l
520 TE*=MID*<T*, J, 1) : IFTE*>="A"
AND TE*<="Z" THEN 570
525 IF TE*<"A" OR TE*<"Z" THEN 5
30
527 NID*<T* P J, 1>=CHR*<ASC<MID*<T
$,J, D+32) :GOTO 570
530 IF TE*=T* THEN T*=""I GOTO 5
80
540 IF J=LEN<T*) THEN T*=LEFT*<T
«,J-1>: GOTO 570
550 IF J=l THEN T*=RIGHT* <T*, LEN
<T*>-1>: J=J-1 : GOTO 570
560 T*=LEFT*<T*, J-l ) +RIGHT* <T*,L
EN<T*)-J>: J=J-1
570 J=J + 1 : IF J<=LEN<T*> THEN 5
20
580 PRINTI; "-";T*; "-"
600 IF LEN <T$) <=MD THEN 610
605 PR I NT "TOO LONG, TRY A SHORTE
R WORD":GOTO480
610 FOR IZ=1T0 1=1 : IF W*<IZ><>
T* THEN NEXT : GOTO 630
620 PR I NT "YOU ENTERED THAT ONE A
LREADY TRY ANOTHER WORD": GOTO
480
630 W*<I>=T*
640 NEXT I
655 CLSIPRINT
December, 1982
the RAINBOW
Page 133
660 PR I NT 11 TH I NK I NG "
680 FOR 1 = 1 TO M-l
685 FOR J = I + 1 TO M
690 IF LEN<W*<I>> < LEN<W*<J>> T
HEN HZ*=W*<I>: W*(I)=W*(J) :W*(J
)=HZS
700 NEXT J : NEXT I
710 FOR I=1T08IREAD DXY<I,1),DXY
<I,2) INEXTI
720 FOR I=1T028 : READ DD<I) : NE
XT I
730 DATA 0,1,1,1,1,0,1,-1,0,-1,-
1,-1,-1,0,-1,1
740 DATA 2,4,6,8,2,4,6,8,2,4,6,8
,2,4,6,8,2,4,6,8,2,4,6,8,1,3,5,7
750 FOR I = 1 TO M
760 LN=LEN<W*<I> >
770 NT=0
790 SD=DD<RND<28) )
800 SX=RND<W) : X1=SX+<LN-1)*DXY<S
D, 1 ) : IF XK1 OR XI >W THEN 790
810 SY=RND ( L) : X 1 =SY+ < LN- 1 ) *DX Y < S
D,2)IIF XK1 OR X1>L THEN 790
820 NT=NT+1IIF NTOW*L*2 THEN 85
0
830 CLS: PR I NT: PR I NT "COULDN'T FIT
W*<I) : PRINT" IN THE PUZZLE": PR
INT
831 PR I NT "TO CONTINUE MEANS " ; W*
<I> : PRINT" WILL BE LEFT OUT"
832 PR I NT: PR I NT "DO YOU WANT TO C
ONTINUE <Y/N) "
833 A*= I NKEY* : I FA*= " " THEN833
834 IFA*<>"Y"ANDA*<>"N"THEN 832
835 IF A*="N" THEN 5 ELSE PRINT:
PR I NT " CONT I NU I NG "
836 W*<I)=" " : GOTO 950
850 j=sy:k=sx
860 FOR P=l TO LN
870 IF LEN<A*<J,K>> AND A*<J,K)
<> MID«(U«(I),P, 1) THEN 790
880 J=J+DXY<SD,2) :K=K+DXY<SD, 1) :
NEXTP
900 J=SY : K=SX
910 FOR P=l TO LN : A*<J,K)=MID*
(W«(I) ,P, 1)
920 J =J+DXY<SD,2) : K=K+DXY<SD,
1) : NEXT P
940 W<I,1)=SX: W<I,2)=SY: W<I,3)
=SD
950 NEXT I
970 FOR I=1T0L
975 FOR J=1T0W
980 NZ=RND<90)
982 IF NZ<65 THEN GOTO 980
985 IF A*<I,J)="" THEN A*<I,J)=C
HR*<NZ)
990 NEXTJ : NEXTI
1010 FOR 1=1 TO M-l : FOR J=I+1
TO M
1020 IF W*<IKW*<J) THEN 1030
1021 HZ*=W*<I) : W*<I)=W*<J) : W
*<J)=HZ*
1025 FOR K=l TO 3: HZ=W<I,K) : W
TEXT EDITOR
By John Waclo
WORD PROCESSOR FOR THE COLOR COMPUTER
RAINBOW
CERTIFICATION
SEAL
The bottom-line in Word Processors is printed
output flexibility and TEXT EDITOR has it. TEXT
EDITOR has Variable Text, Multi-Copy, and
right-side Justification! Features that are hard
to find in other widely advertised Word
Processors. With Variable Text, you can
repetitively generate the same text with
predetermined changes in each output. Merge
form letters with mailing lists using Variable
Text. TEXT EDITOR'S Multi-Copy command
automatically does your letters and file copies. 50
copies of your address on mailing labels is a snap
with Multi-Copy. Give your text that
"professional" look with even right-side margins,
it's easy, just select Justification on the Output
Menu.
1BK - Special screen display, Save text, Add to
text, Find locations of any word. Edit, Insert,
Delete, Replace any line of text. Plus Auto Line-
Centering! Output to any printer with full control
over Left Margin, Right Margin, Line Spacing,
Paging, Length of Form, Number of Copies, and
right-side Justification. Re-format entered text;
Menu driven. Draft of text; full or partial. FREE
upgrade to 32K software.. .and more.
32K- ALL of the above PLUS... Moretext storage,
Auto-Key Repeat, Global word or phrase
exchange, and Automatic Letter Headings. Move,
Duplicate or Delete blocks of text. User
changeable Printer Format menu and text
imbeded printer control codes. Plus, Exclusive
Variable Text feature.. .and more.
ELITE Software
$49.95 Tape $59.95 Disk t Includes Manual t Extended Basic required
Box 11224 Pittsburgh, PA 1 5238 (4 1 2) 795-8492
-
Page 1 34
the RAINBOW
<I,K)=W<J,K) : W<J,K)=HZ : NEXT
K
1030 NEXT J : NEXT I
1040 GOSUB 2000
1050 CLS: PR I NT
1060 PR I NT "DO YOU WANT AN ANSWER
KEY <Y/N) M
1070 X*=INKEY*: IFX*=""THEN1070
1073 IF X*<>"Y"ANDX*<>"N"THEN 10
50
1076 if x*="n"then clsiprint: pri
nt m finished m :end
1080 h*=" answer key"
1090 NP=1
1100 CLS : PR I NT : PR I NT 11 TH I NK I NG 11
1110 FORI =1T0L:F0RJ=1 TOW: A*<I, J)
= M . m :nextj:nexti
1120 FORI=lTOM
1130 LN=LEN<W*<I> > : J=W<I,2) :K=W<
1,1)
1132 FOR P=1T0LN
1134 A*<J,K)=MID*<W*<I) ,P, 1)
1140 J=J+DXY<W<I,3) ,2) : K=K+DXY<
W<I,3) , 1) :NEXTP
1150 NEXT I
1160 GOSUB 2000
1165 PRINT#-2, " "
1 170 CLS : PRINT: PRINT M FINISHED M : E
ND
2000 FOR H=1T0NP
2010 T=<PW-2*W)/2
2020 FOR 1 = 1 T03 : PR I NT#-2 , " 11 : NEXT
THE MOST COMPLETE LIST OF
EDUCATIONAL TRS-80 COLOR COMPUTER"
PROGRAMS IN THE UNITED STATES
Only
$ggo
per cassette
Biology
Weather Forecaster
Physics
A partial list —
• Add t
• Algebra <
• Alphabet <
• Planetary Positions
• Flash cards for German, French,
Spanish, States and Capitals
• Featuring — Computerized Encyclopedia
48 cassettes ( $ 200 with case)
Many more! From Kindergarten through graduate
courses. All cassettes *5® each. Write for free list .
MOSES ENGINEERING COMPANY
P. O. Box 11038 • Ardmore Hwy. Station
Huntsville, Alabama 35805
(205) 837-3356
December, 1 982
MERWl
• ••••••••• •••%••••
onomm
ii ■
9
2030 PRINT#-2, TAB ( (PW-LEN <H*> > /2
> ;H*
2040 PRINT#-2, " "
2050 FOR J=l TO L
2060 PR I NT#-2 , TAB < T ) ;
2070 FOR K= 1 TO W
2080 IF A*<J,K)=". " THEN PRINT*
-2,"- ";
2090 IF A*<J,K) = ". " THEN 2110
2100 PRINT#-2, A*<J,K) ; "
2110 NEXT K
2120 PRINT#-2,"
2130 NEXT J
2140 PRINT#-2, "
2150 PRINT#-2, "FIND THESE HIDDEN
WORDS IN THE ABOVE PUZZLE: "
2160 PRINT#-2, " "
2170 FOR J=l TO M: IF LEN(W*<J>>
=0 THEN 2200
2180 IF P0S<-2)+LEN<W*<J> ) > PW-
2 THEN PRINT#-2, " "
2190 PRINT#-2,W*<J) ,
2200 NEXT J : PRINT#-2,"
2205 NEXT H
2210 RETURN
ii
ii
ii
Computer music from ILUME
Beethoven's Fifth Symphony $9.95
William Tell Overture $9.95
You really won't believe the incredible music coming from your Color Computer! It is w ithout a doubt
the best example of computer music I've ever heard. " (Color Computer News magazine) Now you can
enjoy these high quality machine language programs at an affordable price. Specify Beethoven or
William Tell when ordering. 16K & 32K versions on the same tape.
Christmas Special: Take 15% off all
products listed below!
STARS $14.95
Educational and entertaining, STARS will create a domeof the night sky on yourTV.
Constellations, stars, and other naked eye objects are drawn using Extended
Resolution graphics. Special horizon views show the planets after sunset. Detailed
documentation.
DATAFILE $19.95
A unique, multi-purpose data storage system. DATAFILE is a sophisticated, non-
formatted database with user define categories. It performs string searches, de-
letes, sorts (with ML Subroutines) and prints in various formats. DATAFILE also
works with files larger than available RAM! Ideal for name & address lists, catalogu-
ing, etc. A surprise FREE file is included with each order. Complete documentation.
BLACKBOX $69.95 each $125.00 for two
Now you can send your programs, machine language or basic, over the phone. And
you don't need a modem!! Switch on BLACKBOX and when you load or save a
program, you automatically have a copy at a friend's house. Two BL ACKBOX's are
needed, one for each end of the connection.
SPIDER ATTACK $14 95
Shoot-em up action! Now you can stop nasty invading spiders with your joystick
controlled laser gun. Written in Extended Basic with machine language subroutines
for fast action. Watch out you don't get eaten!
MILL BORN $1495
Like to play cards? From France, we bring you this popular card game for C0C0. The
object of the game is to drive 700 miles, while avoiding accidents, tire blow-outs,
detours, etc. Lots of fun!
COLORSHOW $1495
Music, Color and your C0C0! Just load in COLORSHOW, connect the 80C to your
stereo (or simply put a musical tape in your recorder) and watch the fun. Having a
party? Turn off the room lights, turn up the music and put on COLORSHOW. Works
great with Rock 'n Roll!
DISKPRO $29.95
No more crashed disks! This program can be your lifesaver. DISKPRO creates
back-ups of your disk directory and allocation tables. A valuable tool to protect your
software. Comes on disk with documentation.
Add $1.00 postage for all software, $2.00 postage for BLACKBOX. Programs avail
able on disk for $5.00 extra.
Dept. R, 4653 Jeanne Mance St.,
Montreal, Quebec, Canada H2V 4J5
RAINBOW
CCimRCATIOM
SEAL
Page 136
the RAINBOW
December, 1982
Word Processing.
This Graphic Printer Will
Give You A New Typeface
By Ross Chamberlain
The typeface that comes with the Line Printer VII and
VIII is nice, but it doesn't do everything. For one thing, the
VII does not have descenders in lower case and both faces
lack something in their looks.
I wondered whether these two printers could be
"converted" to use their dot-addressable graphics to do
word processing. After a few starts, I came up with the
program listed below, which I think handles things pretty
well.
What we have here is simply a program which allows me
to write letters in any typeface I want. Of course, each face
must be programmed in — but I like this one very much. It is,
admittedly, somewhat slow in the processing, but I do
believe the results to be very satisfying.
You will see, also, that you will get a form of
"justification" to even right hand margins when running this
program. There is no need to be concerned about where to
break off a line — just keep typing. When a space or hyphen
is encountered, the printer will automatically end the line.
Use the ENTER key for ends of paragraphs (or blank lines).
This is not perfect, however, and some of the lines tend to
stick out something like the proverbial lonesome pine. Still,
I think it is better to have CoCo decide the line length than
try to figure it out yourself on a 32-characterscreengoingto
an 80-character printer.
I hope you will enjoy this program and that it may lead
you to designing typefaces of your own choosing. I have
already designed another one — sort of like changing print
COLOR-STICK
'HERE AT LAST'
Finally an interface for the
TRS-80* Color Computer
to let you use the famous:
ATARI* JOYSTICK'
Just plug your Atari or Atari like (the Color-Stick
enables the use of most joysticks made for the
Atari) joystick into the Color-Stick interface and
then plug the Color-Stick into an empty joystick
port.
The Color-Stick can improve scores 50% and
more while making some games more exciting
and fun to play.
Color-Stick interface $19.95 each OR
Two for $34.95. (less joysticks)
Atari Joysticks $9.95 each.
getter
■Software Company
P.O. Box 2770
Greenville, South Carolina 29602
(803) 295-3648
Add $2.00 per order shipping and handling. Bank cards welcomed (please
include expiration date). Orders paid by cashiers check, money orders, bank
cards and C.O.D. are shipped within48 hours. Personalchecksplease allow 1 -2
weeks. C.O.D. orders add $1.50 extra. S.C. residents add 4% sales tax.
*TRS-80 isa registered trademarkofTandy Corp. Atari isa registered trademark
of Atari, Inc.
L O A
wheels in a Daisy Wheel printer.
The listing:
1 ' /\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\
2 " TYPEFACE II <
3 ' BY >
4 ' C. ROSS CHAMBERLAIN <
5 ' \/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/
6 '
7 PCLEAR l: CLEAR 2000
8 DIM A*<91) , A<91)
9 CLS: PRINT: PRINT"
DIN G":PRINT:PRINT"
TYPEFACE III"
10 A<1)=3:' C SPACEBAR D
11 DATA 128,128,128
20 A<2)=2: ' i
21 DATA 207, 128
30 A<3)=4: ' "
31 DATA 135,128,135,128
40 A<4)=6: ' #
41 DATA 148,255,148,255,148,128
50 A<5)=8: ' *
51 DATA 132,170,255,170,255,170,
144, 128
60 A<6)=8: ' •/.
61 DATA 199,165,147,137,229,211,
241, 128
70 A<7)=8: ' &
71 DATA 176,202,197,205,178,160,
208, 128
80 A<8)=3: ' *
81 DATA 133,131,128
90 A<9)=4: ' <
91 DATA 156,162,193,128
100 A<10)=4: 9 )
101 DATA 193, 162
*
110 A<ll)=6:
111 DATA 132
120 A<12)=6:
121 DATA 136
130 A<13)=3:
131 DATA 208
140 A<14)=5:
141 DATA 136
150 A(15)=3:
151 DATA 224
160 A(16)=6:
161 DATA 224
170 A<17)=6:
171 DATA 190
180 A(18)=6:
181 DATA 196
190 A<19)=6:
191 DATA 226
200 A (20) =6:
201 DATA 161
210 A<21)=6:
211 DATA 152
220 A<22)=6:
149
136
176
136
■
224
/
144
0
193
1
194
2
209
3
193
4
148
5
221 DATA 175,197
156, 128
142, 149, 132, 128
190, 136, 136, 128
128
136, 136, 136
128
136, 132, 131, 128
193, 193, 190, 128
255, 192, 192, 128
201,201, 198, 128
201,205, 178, 128
146,249, 144, 128
197, 197, 185, 128
®
ARCADE GAMES
★ Dealer inquiries welcome
★All games require 16 K
★Quality colour computer
software
COLOR PAC ATTACK "By Computerware" (PAC MAN!!)
An incredibly challenging version of the popular arcade game.
Can you eat all the food pellets in the maze and avoid being
eaten yourself! $30.95
GHOST GOBBLER "By Spectral Associates" Ghosts chase
your Pac-Person around a twisting maze, trying to eat you. But
you can turn the tables when you eat an energizer tablet. This
version includes the TIME TUNNEL like the original arcade
game. Has 16 levels of difficulty and records the highest
scores. $26.95
ALCATRAZ II "By Spectral Associates" Evade the robot
guards, outwit the dreaded minotaur and avoid deadly laser
beams in an attempt to escape this well guarded prison!
(Extended BASIC) $ 11 - 95
GALAX ATTAX "By Spectral Associates" If you like Space
Invaders, you'll love Galax Attax! Alien fighters leave
formation to attack your ground base and you must fight them
off!! $26.95
STARSHIP CHAMELEON "By Computerware" Change the
colour of your starship to mat.cn the colour of the anti-matter
missiles and then deflect them. Miss one and lose
points! Watch out for the semi-intelligent smart bombs which
can destroy you! $30.95
SPACE WAR "By Spectral Associates" You command a
combat spacefighter. Your mission: Destroy the dreaded
Death Star! Watch out for the powerful black hole which can
even affect your laser bolts' To add to your troubles, you must
dodge deadly meteors, exploding space mines and a defending
Tie Fighter!! $25.95
CAVE HUNTER "By Mark Data Products" Send your hunter
into a twisting cave infested with savage FLAB DABBLES and
try to get the gold bars. $28.95
BERSERK "By Mark Data Products" Your mission is to
invade a space station guarded by killer robots. Get as many as
you can with your laser before they get you!! $30.95
CHOPPER RESCUE "By Prism Software" This game puts
you at the controls of a rescue helicopter. Your mission: rescue
as many victims as possible from a burning city before it is
reduced to ashes. (Extended BASIC) $13.95
METEOROIDS "By Spectral Associates" You're flying your
starcruiser through an uncharted sector of space when deadly
asteroids appear on your scanner. You must act fast to survive
or it's a grave in space! $26.95
LAS VEGAS "By Prism Software" This game adds a new twist
to the old game of Blackjack. Can you beat the computer and
break the bank. A variety of colours and realistic sound effects
makes this the best high resolution game of its kind.
(Extended BASIC) $11.95
ASTRO-BLAST "By Mark Data Products" Battle to the death
against fierce enemy aliens. Each attack wave is different.
Avoid comets that streak past your fighter or be prepared to
die! Great reviews! $30.95
COLOR ZAP "By Spectral Associates" Defend yourself as
enemy starships attack from all sides! Fast machine language
action. $11.95
ADVENTURE
RAIDERS "By Prism Software" In this adventure you must
deal with voodoo curses, alligators, ancient traps and hostile
natives. This adventure begins in the confusion of a large city
and ends (maybe too soon if you're not careful) in a dangerous,
dense jungle in South America.
(Extended BASIC) $16,95
BLACK SANCTUM "By Mark Data Products" Can you
discover the secret of the old monastery and its sinister
inhabitants? To win at this game you must dabble in black
magic and watch out for evil spells. $28.95
KEYS OF THE WIZARD "By Spectral Associates" An
incredibly challenging adventure. Explore a fantasyland in
search of over 30 different treasures. Beware of magical
creatures and the evil wizard himself! $23.95
THE ALIEN ' 1 By Prism Software' ' You pre tne sole survivor on
a huge starship, but you are not aloire. A savage ALIEN is
stalking you. Can you find a way to destroy it and escape the
derelict starship? With numerous sounds.
(Extended BASIC) $13 - 95
CALIXTO ISLAND "By Mark Data Products" In this
adventure you must travel to a tropical island and find a
valuable treasure while outwitting natives and devious traps.
$28.95
Prism Software
779 Queen St.,
Box 1 360, Kincardine,
Ontario, Canada. NOG 2GO
Tel:(51 9)396-8224
Add 5% for shipping
No C.O.D.
VISA or Mastercard accepted
Ontario residents add 7% sales tax.
_
Page 138
the RAINBOW
December, 1982
6
201
7
241
8
201
9
201
230 A(23)=6:'
231 DATA 190
240 A (24) =6:
241 DATA 131
250 A<25)=6:
251 DATA 182
260 A (26) =6:
261 DATA 166
270 A<27)=3:
271 DATA 179
280 A<28)=3:
281 DATA 211
290 A<29)=5:
291 DATA 136
300 A<30)=6:
301 DATA 148
310 A<31)=5:
311 DATA 193
320 A<32)=6:
321 DATA 130
330 A<33)=8:
ersion, this
pyright symbol.)
331 DATA 156, 162
, 156, 128
340 A<34)=9: * A
341 DATA 192,252
,255, 192, 128
350 A<35)=8: ' B
351 DATA 193,255
, 182, 128
360 A (36) =8:' C
361 DATA 156,162
,201,201, 178, 128
, 137, 133, 131, 128
,201,201, 182, 128
,201,201, 190, 128
■
■
179, 128
9
179
<
148
148
>
162
129
@
is
, 162, 193, 128
, 148, 148, 148,
, 148, 136, 128
,217, 137, 134, 128
(NOTE — In this v
as a co
,221,213,213, 162
,210, 145, 145,209
,201,201,201,201
, 193, 193, 197, 162
Y-PAK Dual Slot Expander
for Radio Shack's Color Computer
Have your Disk and Cartridge too!
Select between 2 Cartridge slots with one
switch and control the Auto Start with
the other switch
$70.°-°Complete
USER-PAK for Color Computer
Your own RAM/EPROM Cartridge
Cartridge holds two 2732s, or any combination
of four 2716s/6116s.
$30. OP less RAM/EPROM
$90. with 8K RAM
EPROMs burned from your CC cassette.
Write for detai Is.
B. Ericlcson
P.O. Box 11099 Dept. RR
Chicago, IL. 60611
1 A ^ 1 9Q
, 145, lZD
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411 DATA
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420 R I 42 /
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440 A (44)
=9: *
K
441 DATA
193,
255,
201,
132,
139,
209
,225, 192,
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450 A (45)
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451 DATA
193,
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460 R ( 46 /
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490 A (49)
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491 DATA
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4 A
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145,
145
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500 A (50)
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501 DATA
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551 DATA
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560 A (56)
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561 DATA
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.4 1
IBM
■r
■Ml
4fv
■■1MB
nc
■
■■
r.
■ t
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or the TRS-80C and the T
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N T U R E TR I L O G Y A Trl logy of q u ests featuring 3- 0 Mgft-res
THE CfMEEON MOON, to tost your worthiness as a warrior. Once proven, you will be teteported to Oj
. The FORSAKEN GULCH is the final arena.
t4
■■■■
THE NIBBLER
code and toy
rent
m IK
V
'pi ■ *
•n I
■
■■1
n ■■ ■ * * ■
Mb
■JJHl
MS. NIBBLER A fast maze chase game featuring the nibbler man and three bumbling preditors. Written in machine
bt&, this fun packed game is enjoyed by all, MS. NIBBLER is similar to THE NIBBLER described a
ms
1 (Hi t'iiti
COMBAT
players
Ml'-;
By
gcxag
3561I7HKS5
11-^1' JJJL-l'J
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■
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ate
Page 1 40
the RAINBOW
December, 1982
570 A<57)=9:
571 DATA 193
,227, 193, 128
580 A(58)=10
581 DATA 129
, 133, 131, 129
590 A<59)=8:
591 DATA 195
,225, 128
600 A (60) =4:
601 DATA 255
610 A(61)=6:
611 DATA 131
620 A<62)=4:
621 DATA 193
630 A (63) =6:
631 DATA 136
640 A (64) =6:
641 DATA 192
650 A (65) =3:
227,213, 136, 136,213
' Y
131, 133,200,240,200
128
Z
225,209,201, 197, 195
193, 193, 128
\
132, 136, 144, 224, 128
1
193,255, 128
132,255, 132, 136, 128
192, 192, 192, 192, 192
CAccent Grave or O
pen Single Quote — uses Down Arro
wll
651 DATA 131, 133, 128
660 A (66) =7: ' a
661 DATA 154,170,170,170,188,160
, 128
670 A (67) =7:' b
671 DATA 161,191,168,164,164,152
, 128
INTRODUCING:
BATTLE OF GETTYSBURG
AN IMPORTANT NEW STRATEGY GAME
FROM SOFTWRIDE
BATTLE OF GETTYSBURG
SELECT OPPONENT
(1) GENERAL T. J. JACKSON
(2) GENERAL R. E. LEE
(3) GENERAL G. E. PICKET
BY JAMES WOODRUFF
COPYRIGHT© 1982
F1
rw
©I
REQUIRES TRS-80* COLOR COMPUTER 16K WITH
EXTENDED BASIC AND JOYSTICK * tm of tandycorp
ei w i-
E— tn
$19.95 (Quantity discounts available)
Dealer inquiry invited.
($2.00 for documentation only)
Include $1.00 for postage & handling
POST OFFICE BOX 3504 • AUSTIN, TEXAS 78764
(512) 444-6135
680
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=7: 5
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681
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210,
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204,
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130
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740
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750
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Mi M^b mm
760
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DATA
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162,
162
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770
1
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771
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780
A(78)
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781
DATA
162,
188,
162,
130,
188,
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160,
128
790
A(79)
=8: '
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791
DATA
162,
188,
162,
130,
130,
188
, 160, 128
800
A(80)
=6: '
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801
DATA
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162,
162,
162,
156,
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810
A(81)
=7: '
P
811
DATA
194,
254,
210,
146,
146,
140
,12E
820
1
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821
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146,
146,
252,
194
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1
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831
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162,
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164,
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840
A(84)
=7: '
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841
DATA
164,
170,
170,
170,
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,12E
850
1
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164,
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M> MM) MM
860
A (86)
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861
DATA
130,
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160,
160,
144,
* ' ' 9
190
, 162, 128
870
A(87)
=8: '
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871
DATA
130,
142,
146,
160,
146,
142
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880
A(88)
=10:
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881
DATA
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158,
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140,
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, 162
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890
A(89)
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136,
182,
162
, 162, 128
900
A (90)
=8: '
y
December, 1982
the RAINBOW
Page 141
901 DATA 162,198,170,144,138,134
, 130, 128
910 A<91)=6:' z
911 DATA 166,178,170,166,178,128
920 FOR A=l TO 91 : FOR B=l TO A (A
) : READ C: A*<A)=A*<A)+CHR*<C) : NEX
T B, A
1000 GOSUB 1110
1010 CLS: PR I NT: PR I NT "READY FOR C
OPY"
1020 LINE INPUT A*
1030 B*=A*:IF B*=""THEN GOSUB 11
10: GOTO 1020
1040 FOR A=l TO LEN <B$)
1050 L*=MID*(B*, A, 1)
1060 IF L*=CHR*<10)THEN L*=CHRS <
96)
1070 B=ASC<L*)-31:PRINT#-2,A*<B)
; :h=h+a<B)
1075 IF H<=360 THEN 1090
1080 IF L*=CHR*<32) OR L*=CHR*<4
5) OR L*=CHR*<47) THEN GOSUB 111
0
1090 NEXT A
1100 GOTO 1020
1110 PRINT#-2,CHR*<30)
1120 H=0:PRINT#-2,TAB<5) ;CHR*<18
1130 RETURN ^
Software Review...
Across The Rubicon Is
Good War Game For 80C
I admit that I am fascinated by war games. And, in my
time, I have bought a bunch of them: D-Day, Gettysburg,
Waterloo and the like. I even subscribe to a war game
magazine, Strategy and Tactics, which provides a different
game each month.
Alas. The problem with war games is that you have to
have another wargamer to play them with you. The idea is
excellent: That you can (might) be able to change the course
of history by being much smarter than Gen. Lee or
Napoleon. Its a perfect "what if" situation.
What //...Napoleon had brought up his reserves in time.
What {/!..the German high command had not been
convinced the landings in out-of-the-way Normandy were
not the real thing on June 6? What {/!..the Union troops had
fallen back under Pickett's charge? War games let you play a
lot of "what ifs." I have always been convinced they are more
historical than militaristic.
But, like I said, you need someone to play them with you.
Some of these games are designed to be played solitare, but
that takes a lot of the tactics and planning out of them. After
all, can some dice be as smart as a human? Nope.
How 'bout a nice, friendly, clear-thinking CoCo? Well,
that's another story and a worthy opponent indeed is our
little friend, the Color Computer.
When Across The Rubicon arrived, the opportunity was
there to finally play a war game with someone who was as
interested in it as was I. And the scene of battle was a
Design a training program to bring you
to your top speed- with runcalc
Written by Bill Brown, a former coach and 2:47 marathoner, RUNCALC is an
invaluable aid to distance runners of ail ages and ability levels.
RUNCALC can help you:
-Evaluate your training quality
-Compare performances of different lengths
-Find pace per mile, per quarter-mile, permeter, etc.
-Find speed in miles/hr., meters/sec, ft/sec.
-Do metric conversions
-Generate split times for goal distances and times
-Set meaningful goal times for interval training
-Calculate calorie usage for a given run.
RUNCALC was designed fortheTandyRadioShackTRS-80ColorComputer. It is
an easy to use menu-driven program requiring 16K Ext. Color Basic and is supplied on
cassette with guide for only $12.95 including postage. Indiana residents include 4%
sales tax.
SEND CHECK OR MONEY ORDER TO:
on/ie RUN
COMPUTER PRODUCTS Box511 Dalejntfit
BoxSII Dale, Indiana 47523
DEALER
INQUIRIES
WELCOME
Mil
: : : : ; >-:::t.:: : : : : : :-:'
Page 142
the RAINBOW
December, 1 982
challenging one, indeed. The Huetgen Forest, which the
allies called the "death trap." The forest blocked the
approaches to the mightly Rhur — the heart of Germany's
war machine. But there was a trump card, too. Hitler hoped
to tie the allies down long enough in the woods and hills of
the Huetgen to gather his forces for the one last battle that he
expected to win and turn the tide of the war again. This was
because the Forest was designed as a holding action that
would precede the Ardennes Campaign — known as the
Battle of the Bulge.
Enough of history, except to say Across The Rubicon is
historically sound. Except that the allied player has the
option to choose his troops to a degree, the units present in
the campaign are generally of the same strength as those
which were present.
As to the game itself, it is challenging. For those of you
who have never played a war game before, don't expect a
page or two of instructions and a great deal of improvision.
Across The Rubicon boasts 12 pages of instructions and
even includes hints on movement and strategy. Units can
move based on their strength and abilities.
The essential war game elements are all here: The
necessity for troops to be kept in supply, the use of air strikes
and artillery. If you "gang up" on enemy troops, you have a
better chance of winning. There are infantry units, light and
heavy tanks and parachute drops, too.
Each unit can move a certain amount of space in a given
turn — roughly three days in historical time. There are
certain objectives you must attain to win the game, and they
must be attained in a certain amount of time. When
engaging in combat itself, it's not just a "you win/ they win"
situation — you can lose some of your men and deplete your
TEXT PROCESSOR FEATURES
Character Fill
Programmable Footer
Right Justify Line
Multiple Footnotes
Three Indent Modes
Three Programmable Headers
Ten Programmable Tab Stops
Margin Justification Left and Right
Decimal Align, Center, Left and Right
Justify On Tab Column
Display and Input From Keyboard
Change Formatting During Processing
TEXT EDITOR FEATURES
• Single Keystroke Edit Command
• Append Files From Tape Or Disk
• Fully Integrated Disk File. Handler
• Edit Or Process Files Larger
Than Memory
• (No Conversion Required) Fully ASC II
Compatible
• Full Featured Line Oriented
Screen Editor
• Search And Repalce Any
Character Pattern
• Copy, Move or Delete Lines
Or Blocks of Text
• Edit Basic, Text, Or Assembler Files
TEXT PRO II Features Over 70 Commands In All!
Key In Format Command OrText At Runtime!
Compatible With All Major Printers On The Market!
Multiple Copy or Repeat All Of Or A Portion Of The Text!
DkCtMBt^ 16 K a 32K Systems DISK..
gPtCJ ^ 64K Version Now Available-FLEX Not Required
CBt-COMP
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5566 Ricochet Avenue
Las Vegas, Nevada 891 10
(702) 452-0632
All Orders Shipped From Stock
Add '2.50 Postage
unit's strength. The unit still exists, but with a lowered
ability to do anything.
As to the game itself, it is easy to play, considering the
complexities of war games in general. CoCo makes things a
lot easier by keeping track of positions, strengths, supply,
move factors and the like. By using a map with various
symbols on it, you get a good picture of what the battlefield
looks like, although it is somewhat difficult to tell which unit
is which without any kind of a grid (which is not available
with a low res game board such as that used here).
As with anything else as complicated as this, the first run
through the game is for learning. The second is to play.
There are four levels of difficulty.
If you are interested in war games — or think you might
be — then Across The Rubicon is for you. It is both enjoyable
and playable and has the added bonus of teaching a little
slice of history.
How did we do? We made the mistake of trying to attack
in three columns, used up our air support too early and
ended up running out of artillery. We got creamed. But there
is always next time. Now let's see, what if we...
(Ark Royal Games, P.O. Box 14806, Jacksonville, FL
32238, $16.95)
Software Review...
Get On The Horn With
Your Own Bulletin Board
So, you've been calling bulletin boards around the
country, hooking up to CompuServe and just having a ball
with the telephone, a modem and your CoCo. But, once you
have called them all, what can you do?
You can call back, of course. And, make a lot of friends
and learn a great deal of good information. But, what you'd
really like to do is have people call you\
With this bulletin board software, you can have your own
bulletin board. Now, people can call you and you can
operate your own system.
Installation of the bulletin board system is a fairly easy
one. Disk drives are necessary (two at least, three if you wish
to allow graphics to be loaded to and from your system).
You also need an auto-answer modem (see some reviews in
the November Rainbow), a printer and, last but certainly
not least, a CoCo.
Once you have this together, installation of the bulletin
board is a fairly simple affair. Since the program is in
machine code, it is not hard to modify, but you will be able
to choose from a number of options. That being done, call
your best computer friend and let him or her be the first to
get "one line" with you. Also, let the Rainbow know about
your existance — we'll print your number and hours of
operation. We're dedicated to helping further information
about the Color Computer and TDP-100.
The investment in all of this is not inconsiderable,
especially the hardware. But, you can have a sophisticated
bulletin board in operation and working with this fine
software package.
It provides many of the features you have seen in other
bulletin boards — menus, message files, log on messages and
the like. If you always wanted to be a SYSOP (SYStem
OPerator), we believe you will find this to be an enjoyable
experience.
(Spectrum Projects, 93-15 86 Drive, Woodhaven, NY
11421, $149.95)
The Platinum
worksaver
...Programming Made Easy
FULL SCREEN EDITING OF
BASIC PROGRAMS
With the PLATINUM WORKS AVER'S
editor, there's no more counting the
numbers of characters to delete or
change, or wondering if you deleted
too many or too few. You see the
whole line as it's edited. Changes,
deletes and inserts are automatic
and the cursor can be moved any-
where on the screen.
FULL SCREEN EDITING OF
NUMERIC AND STRING ARRAYS
But that's only the beginning! The
editor (Written in machine language)
also comes with a short, two line
BASIC subroutine thatwill allowyou
to use the full screen editor on your
numeric and string arrays. This is the
springboard you need for develop-
ing your own VisiCalc"' or word
processor.
SINGLE KEY ENTRIES OF
BASIC WORDS
So, the PLATINUM WORKSAVER
makes it easier to write useful pro-
grams and edit them, but that's not
all! Entering programs is a breeze
with single entry of over 80 basic
words, on a beautifully designed
KEYBOARD OVERLAY, color-keyed
to function. No need to memorize or
consult a conversion chart to find a
word.
PROGRAM CHAINING AND
DYNAMIC DEBUGGING
Now you can write, enter and change
programs easily, but what about de-
bugging? This is the frustrating, time
consuming aspect of programming
and frankly, the Color Computer
doesn't help you much . . . you have
to start the program over each time
you make a change. But not with
the PLATINUM WORKSAVER!! With
it you can change, delete, add and
rearrange or join lines. The special
reserved key is excellent for copying
or moving parts of lines to other
lines . . . plus, you can even LOAD
AWHOLE NEW PROGRAM without
disturbing the data you've created.
NUMERIC KEYPAD
We've solved another Color Com-
puter weakness. Press a control key
and letters J, K, L, U, I, O, P become
number keys 1-7. Numbers 8-0 re-
main in their normal positions. The
keypad numbers are clearly labeled
on the overlay.
• Over 100 programmable keys 9
• Loads to Disk *
A COLOR COMPUTER* MACHINE LANGUAGE ENHANCEMENT
PACKAGE THAT PROVIDES:
• Dynamic full screen editing of BASIC programs.
• Dynamic full screen editing of numeric and string arrays. The ad-
vanced user will be able to write VisiCalc™, word processor etc.!
• Single key entries for 80 commands and functions. /^^V
• Functionally laid out plastic keyboard overlay.
• Numeric Keypad conversion.
• Automatic line numbering.
• Bestvalue per dollar than any other enhancement package available.
With the Platinum worksaver® programming time
and hassle can be cut by 50%. You'll spend less time
typing, more time being creative with your Platinum
Enhanced 16K Color Computer!
RAINBOW
CERTIFICATION
SIM.
LOOK WHAT JUST $30 CAN DO FOR YOUR 16K COLOR COMPUTER:
Platinum Enhanced 16K
Color Computer
Relocate, join, duplicate individual
and unique sets of lines at the push
of a button
Create the following using only 31
keystrokes: CLS:A$-Strings$ (15"") +
MID$ (CL$, 6, 2). To change the -
symbol to = requires only 3 key-
strokes!!!!
Retain the sequence of commands in
temporary memory with special re-
served key
One keypush and the right side of the
keyboard converts to a numeric
Keypad
Correct bugs while your program is
running, without losing data.
Edit programs, data and strings using
the full screen editor.
vs.
Regular 16K Extended
Color Computer
Retype entirely any lines to be moved
or joined
Type that line using 47 keystrokes. To
change the symbol, Backspace and
retype using 33 more strokes!
Retype lost lines!
Stretch those fingers!
Oops! Lost data! Retype, Reload and
Save data while swearing a lot.
NO CAN DO!
THE PLATINUM WORKSAVER INCLUDES:
• Enhancement program, including a sample array Editor, on a high-quality
Agfa Cassette
• Fully labeled acetate keyboard overlay, NOT a cheap stick-on
• Complete instructions
• Loads in seconds, takes less than 2K
The PLATINUM WORKSAVER costs $30.00 plus
$3.00 S&H (NY residents add tax). To order
write:
PLATINUM SOFTWARE
P.O. Box 833
Pittsburgh, N.Y. 12901
Phone orders: (518) 643-2650
VISA, MASTERCARD ACCEPTED. PERSONAL CHECKS TAKE
2-3 WEEKS TO PROCESS.
16 K min. required
Includes cassette merge
pkkli
Veftwore
You're Serious About
Your Color Computer?
SO ARE WE.
'Color Computer & TRS-80 are registered trademarks of Tandy Corp.
Page 1 44
the RAINBOW
December, 1982
Software Review...
Colorpede Provides
Bug-Eyed Excitement
Games for the 80C are becomming more sophisticated by
the moment, it seems, and in its own splintering, serpentine
way, Colorpede meanders to the forefront of the pack of the
slithery play-alikes based on that arcade favorite,
Centipede.
I thought the color and graphics of this total machine
language feature were excellent. The sound effects, though
not quite the 'arcade quality' advertised in the
accompanying brochure, were adequate; but even if they
weren't, there's so much action on the screen it's my bet you
wouldn't notice. In fact, the first several times I played
Colorpede I forgot to turn on the sound altogether and still
thoroughly enjoyed it.
Of course, of major importance to a game of this sort is its
'playability,' or response to your commands. Colorpede uses
either keyboard or joystick input, and both give you
excellent control. I found this to be true even though my
keyboard digitation is a bit arthritic.
Most of you, I'm sure, are familiar with the basic format
of this game, but I'll give you a general runthrough, anyway,
and try to point out some of the particulars.
Colorpede takes about a minute to load f rom cassette (its
also available on disk) and gives you a display of the action
automatically while waiting for you to start the game. For
keyboard control, hit 1 or 2 to determine the number of
players.The four directional-arrow keys are used to control
the shooter, and the shift key is used to fire. The game may
*** RAINBOW READERS! ***
You bought the best computer! You 1 re
reading the best computer magazine! Now
choose from the best software available
for the 80C (CoCo).
PROTECTORS *N3//* (Tom Mix) 324.95
KATERPILLAR. (Tom Mix) $24.95
ASTRO BLAST (Mark Data) $24.95
WIZARD'S K2TS *N5W* (Spectral) $19.95
AUTO-RUN (Sugar Software) $14.95
T.I. M.S. *NSW* (Sugar) $24.95
the SPECTRUM STICK $39.95
CCEAD (Eigen Systems) $ 6.95
MASTER CONTROL (S.S.M.) $24.95
Why send your checks all over the
country when you can fill most of your
needs with one order? Call or write for
our latest catalog today.
PCLEAR 80 SOFTWARE
494 Cline Avenue
Mansfield, OH 44907
(419) 756-4873 ^
Note: We also carry the RAINBOW ™SE2
Add $2 shipping on orders less than $50. Please add
$2 for COD. Ohio residents add 5% state sales tax
be paused anytime during play by hitting the space bar, and
resumed by hitting the shift key. If you're using joysticks, hit
the left joystick's trigger button to signify one player, the
right one for two.
Each player begins with three shooters, which are
displayed at the top of the screen next to the player's score.
You're granted an additional shooter for each 1 0,000 points
you score, up to a total of seven each game. (I'm still looking
for my fourth shooter, but getting closer!)
The elements of the game, other than the shooter, are the
toad stools, a bedeviling bouncing bug (whose points vary
according to how close he is when you shoot him), the free-
jointed colorpede's head and body parts, a beetle, who
roams about planting more toad stools, and a stinger, who
occasionally runs across the screen poisoning toad stools to
complicate the game.
This one doesn't come cheap, but it should pay for itself
by keeping your kids (or you) out of the arcades f or awhile.
(Intracolor Communications, P.O. Box 1035, East
Lansing, MI 48823, $29.95 on tape, $34.95 disk)
— Courtney Noe
Software Review...
Semi Draw Will Give
You Great Color Sketches
For those of you who liked the Rainbow's cover
illustration in November, you can draw pictures just as
colorful with the same Semi Draw program we used to
produce it.
Honestly, creditf or producing the pictureitself must go to
author Paul Hoffman, who did the rainbow that is included
as one of the examples in the Semi Draw program package.
We just added the word "Graphics" and the exclamation
mark at the bottom of the picture.
(The cover credit on page 3 in November incorrectly
identified the program which produced the color picture as
Foxy Graf, another new offering from Computerware. We
regret the error.)
Semi Draw gets its name from the type graphics it uses,
the semi graphics modes. These are accessed through
machine language subroutines in a Basic program and have
the advantage of allowing the user to mix both text and
graphics by using CoCo's built-in character generator. Also,
by using screen switching, the user is able to make his
pictures move. As an example, the entire program used for
last month's cover actually has the rainbow arcing across the
screen until it makes a complete arch as shown in the
photograph.
Semi Draw is extremely easy to use. By merely pressing
number keys to indicate colors, you can set or reset pixels in
any of eight colors. The arrow keys are used to position a
graphic cursor, or you can use joysticks. The joysticks are
faster but the arrow keys give better control.
Each picture can be saved to tape, or, as a matter of fact,
an entire set of screens can be saved. If you have drawn
several screens to animate the picture, you can just ask the
program to page through the screens — and you have
animation.
Semi Draw is a high quality program which will alio w you
to do a great number of things with graphics. It is easy to use
and understand. In addition, the documentation does a
good job of describing the program's features.
(Computerware, Dept. C, Box 668, Encinitas, CA 92024,
$21.95)
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ITEM
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C-05
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C-10
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SUB TOTAL
Calif, residents add 6% sales tax
Shipping/handling 1 doz. $2; 2 doz. $3.50;
3 doz. $4.50; each additional doz. $.50.
For Parcel Post instead of UPS ADD $1
Outside Continental USA, ADD $2
TOTAL
Each cassette includes two YORK 10 labels only. Boxes are sold separately.
Shipments are by U.P.S. unless Parcel Post requested. Boxes, caddies, and
blank labels are free of shipping charges when ordered with cassettes. When
ordered without cassettes, shipping charges: Boxes— $1.00/doz., Caddies
$1.00 each. MINIMUM SHIPPING/HANDLING ON ANY ORDER — $2.00.
Check or M.O. Charge to
enclosed □ Credit Card: □ VISA □ MASTERCARD
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□ CHECK HERE FOR QUANTITY DISCOUNTS PRICE LIST
the RAINBOW
December, 1982
Page 146
Education. . .
Education Views the
Vital Software Connection
Last month we discussed the educational administrator
and the color computer. We noted that the color computer is
a "best buy" for schools. The next problem, once you have
the computer, is where to obtain software that is appropriate
for student use. At this point, Radio Shack has not made the
necessary commitment toward the use of the color computer
in schools by supplying appropriate software for student
use. There is a potential solution on the horizon, however.
Follett Library Book Company has just announced a
major effort for computer users in the schools. Andy
Larson, Director, Microcomputer Division, has been
working diligently on behalf of color computer users. Many
of the programs thatareavailable for Apple Computer users
are being converted for the use of Radio Shack color
computer owners. The new program at Follett is a major
undertaking, and within the next six months should provide
schools all the software necessary to implement a computer
literacy program for grades K-l 2.
The Follett program should not be interpreted as
exclusively the only source for color computer software.
Our school district has f ound that sof tware f rom some of the
Rainbow advertisers, such as Tom Mix, Sugar Software, B-
5, and Strawberry, all have programs that can work well in
the classroom. It should be emphasized, however, that some
companies are producing material that is not appropriate
for student use. We cannot emphasize enough the
importance of reviewing all programs prior to their
purchase. If, in fact, an educational network is going to be
established for color computer users, it is important that we
review the material, have students use it and react, and
finally, get teacher recommendations.
In addition, some distributors have materials that are
excellent for school use. The new book, TRS-80 Color
Computer, distributed through John Wiley and Sons,
would be an excellent textbook. Programs with word
processing, as distributed through Cognitec, can be most
useful for teachers, and help them make greater use of the
computer. Further, the new Color Pilot by Radio Shack has
considerable application for the schools.
Back to Follett — there are six features to the new Follett
"Quality Courseware" program.
First, their representatives are emphasizing that only the
best software available will be included in their catalog.
Each of the programs has received positive evaluation and
By Dr. Paul Kimmelman
Assistant Superintendent
Norton (Ohio) City Schools
and
David Macali, Coordinator of Instructional Services
Norton City Schools
review by educators thoroughly experienced in computer-
assisted learning.
Second, the new catalogue will include only programs
that fit your microcomputer. Catalogues will be printed to
each school district's specifications and will contain only
programs compatible with their equipment.
Third, program listings will be continuously updated and
printed on demand. What this means is that you can specify
which month you want your catalogue printed and for
which hardware. The advantage of this service will be that
you will get a truly current catalogue. New programs are
produced, old ones deleted, and updated prices included. In
essence, school districts will be able to request from Folletta
monthly catalogue with everything being updated.
Listings arranged by subject area, with grade levels
specified, will be the fourth feature of the "Quality
Courseware" program. To make program selection easy,
Follett has arranged the catalogue in the order that most
educators prefer. Selections will be divided by subjects such
as language arts, reading, math, science, computer literacy,
etc. Grade levels will be indicated with each program listed.
Unquestionably, this will be a time-saver for those
responsible for ordering software.
Fifth, catalogue kits with custom-printed pockets will be
available for all courseware. Librarians and media
specialists have often been disappointed to learn that
cataloguing was not available for software offered by other
suppliers. With the new Follett program, complete
catalogue kits and do-it-yourself cataloguing have been
developed for the programs in the catalogue. They will even
print each pocket with your school name, or whatever
wording you indicate.
Lastly, all orders will be shipped free whether they are
prepaid or billed. This is a distinct advantage to financially
hard-pressed school districts. We think that Follett and its
new commitment to the color computer will be a
tremendous boost to school districts using the color
computer. In the next few months, Follett will be
distributing programs for pre-school and kindergarten
children such as "Mop Town" and "Bumble Bugs." Our
preliminary review of the Bumble Bugs program is that it
will be outstanding for primary student use. Our hats are
tipped to the Follett representatives.
F=> COCK ENT ERPRI SES
WE'RE PROUD
*************************** INTRODUCING OWILIST 5.8 ***************************
CrVULIST 5.8 is a DISK based version o-f our -famous CMAILIST program. CMAILIST
5.8 o-f-fers the -features o-f 4.8 with substantial enhancements. Compatible with
16K, 32K, 1 or 2 drives. Over 588 RECORDS maybe stored per FILE. ADDED FEATURES
now include DOUBLE or SINGLE line street address, and the- ability to have a
TITLE (President; Sales Rep. etc.) -follow the last name. PLUS a host o-f
-features which make this a must -for HOME & BUSINESS applications. It includes
our comprehensive manual, 1 year warranty, -free upgrades, written in BASIC.
CMAILIST 5.8 is available now -for immediate delivery. Join the ranks o-f hundreds
o-f discriminating customers and satis-fied users.
******************************************************************************
OVULIST 5.8 *24 . 95 NYers add 6'A tax
CODs accepted (shipping added): Send SASE -for FREE CATALOG
PEACOCK ENT. PHEASANT RUN BOX 494 RD#3 C^IASTOTA, NY. 13832 315-697-7147
December, 1982
the RAINBOW
Page 147
RAINBOW CONNECTION SOFTWARE p !••••!» t a..
5 soundsational, colorful, graphio games for your Color Coaputar iaoludingi
Briokout, B-17 Boabar, Blackjack, Jackpot ajid Coaputration - all for tha
price you might expect to pay for just ona of these gases! II
Plue added bonua - Compumind: guess the computer'* secret ood* froa cluee
provided - a gaae of logic for the whole family. At this price oaji your
library afford to be without them?
All machines - Ext. Basic NOT Required
819.95 Cassette - $2^.95 Disk
RAINBOW CONNECTION SOFTWARE presents...
You 've traversed the dungeons of Kzirgla and reclaimed the almighty Scepter.
Now you must use its invincible powers and all your weapons to slay a myriad
of monsters and fireballs in your attempt to destroy the evil wizard. If you
like the challenge and mystique but not the boredom of text only adventure
games then this real time, hi-ree sequel to the ever popular Scepter of Kzirgla
is for youl
16K Ext Basic Cass - $21.95
CONQUEST OF KZIRGLA for the Color Computer 32K Diskette - $26.95
RAINBOW C0NM20TI0N SOFTWARE presents...
33 jj<UK
The year is 2117 and th* galaxy has been invaded by the Xoprith,
a race of robots from a distant galaxy. Your mission is to rid tha ^
galaxy of their various ships a quadrant at a time but fuel is precious.
Just as it seems you're winning the battle they hit you with the ultimate
weapon - phycological warfare I Hi-res, real tine, arcade sound.
16K Ext. Basic & Joystick
51*+. 95 Cass - 519.9? Disk
ftAih B ZftT
.... I OS (SIC A
RAINBOW CONNECTION SOFTWARE present!
•Reviewed in the RAINBOW
At last... a real-time f raphics. adventure game with arcade sound for your Color Computer!
If you are bored with silent screens of text but enjoy the challenge &nd complexity of
adventure games then SCEPTER OF KZIRGLA is for you.
Add l6K Ext. Bouiic Req.
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Dealer inquiries invited*
Not affiliated with THE RAINSDW.
PI'S)
RAINBOW CONNECTION SOFTWARE
3514 6th Place N.W.
Rochester, KN 55901
Page 1 48
the RAINBOW
December, 1982
MISADVENTURE GAMES are slightly ribald and risoue
PLAYED IN THE AO WE N T U R E • F O R M A T
MISADVENTURE N? 1 MAOAM ROSA'S MASSAGE PARLOR
IN THIS PARTICULAR MISADVENTURE THE PLAYER HAS TO MAKE
HIS WAY FROM THE SLEA2Y DESERTED WHARFS. GAIN ADMITTANCE
TO THE ANCIENT SPEAKEASY. AND ATTEMPT TO DISCOVER THE
HIDDEN PHOTOGRAPHS OF THE POLITICIANS BEAUTIFUL DAUGHTER!
BRAVE THE DEADLY ALLEYS HALLWAYS AND TRAPS AVOI0 THE
BOUNCER AND OTHER CHARACTERS OF QUESTIONABLE REPUTATION
PLAY IN THE RIGGED CARD GAME IF YOU DARE 1 DISCOVER WHY THE
OLD MAN DIED WITH A SMILE ON HIS FACE 1 FIND OUT WHY THE
WINO PREFERS CHEAP BOOZE 1 ABOVE ALL. TRY TO ESCAPE WITHOUT
NEEDING ANY INJECTIONS OF PENICILLIN!!!
MISAOVENTURE N 9 J WET T-SHIRT CONTEST
IN THIS PARTICULAR NAUGHTY MISADVENTURE THE PLAYER
AWAKENS ONE MORNING TO A LOUD POUNDING ON THE DOOR!
THUGS ENTER AND DEMAND THAT YOU PAY THE BOSS THE MONEY
OWED TO HIM TONIGHT 1 1 1
YOU MUST SURVIVE THE MANY INTERESTING SITUATIONS
FOUND IN THE OVER 100 LOCATIONS' THE SCIENTIST MAY HAVE A
WAY TO SOLVE YOUR PROBLEM - IF YOU SOLVE HIS PROBLEM!
PERHAPS THE PRI2E MONEY FOR THE WET T-SHIRT CONTEST
WILL tit E N O U G H
ALTHOUGH VERY CHALLENGING. THIS IS A FUN GAME. SO BE
PREPAREO TO ENJOY YOURSELF 111
MISADVENTURE N9 3 SEWER OF MOSCOW
IN THIS PARTICULAR MISAOVENTURE THE PLAYERS HI4S-10N
REGARDLESS Of WHETHER HE ACCEPTS IT OR NOT. IS TO ELIMI-
NATE THE IMMEDIATE POSSIBILITY OF WW m ! BEWARE OF THE
TREACHEROUS SEWER! WATCH OUT FOR THE SWIFT SUBWAY VEHI-
CLES! AVOID THE LOYAL COMMUNISTS! THERE ARE OVER 70 LOCA-
TIONS. SO BE VERY CAREFUL NOT TO GET LOST OR KILLEO IN
THIS MISADVENTURE.
THE BEAUTIFUL SPY YOU FIND TIED SPREAO-EAGLEO TO A
BEO HOLDS THE KEY TO THIS MISAOVENTURE. BUT BE VERY
CAREFUL WHAT YOU DO TO HER
THIS tS THE HARDEST MISAOVENTURE YET'
MISADVENTURE N° 4 CASINO OF PLEASURE
CASINO OF PLEASURE MISAOVENTURE IS AN EXCELLENT
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YOUR FIRST PROBLEM WILL BE FINOING THE HIOOEN CASINO'
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TYPE METHODS
IF (AND WHEN) YOU MAKE IT TO THE CASINO WITH THE
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MANY FREE DRINKS BROUGHT TO YOU BY SEXY YOUNG HOSTESS 1
ABOVE ALL ENJOY THE MANY GAMBLING DEVICES
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(16K NON-EXTENDED)
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destroying the SPIDERS
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ARCADE STYLE GAME (16K COLOR- JOYSTICK-ML) Tape S 19.95
Ohio Res. Include 6% Tax
Immediate shipment! Visa, MasterCard, Money Orders, or phone
order.
CHRQNflTJC *
SOFTWARE CQ.
50 Fillmore Street Dept. 104
Dayton,OH 45410 (513) 252-9306
Software Review...
Going Forth
With Two Fine Compilers
By Dr. Laurence Preble
What's faster than a speeding FOR-NEXT loop? More
powerful than an interpreter? Able to leap complex
algorithms with a speed bound? A compiler, naturally.
Today, I am going to tell you about two new compilers for
our Color Computer; but first a word about the alternatives
to compilers.
Extended COLOR BASIC is a powerful programming
language. It is easy to learn and comes with the computer.
Also, it is slow. Notice how much of the really great
commercial software is written in Assembler code. Any
interpreter is slow because of the way it works — Each
program statement is interpreted and executed each time it
is encountered. A single command may translate into
dozens of machine codes (the native language of the
computer).
Assembler is fast. Assembler is a compact and very
powerful. Also, it is hard to learn and use. Even those who
know and love Assembler, will tell you that it takes many
times longer to write a complex Assembly Language
program than to write a comparable program in BASIC.
Assembler is fast because each command translates directly
into a single machine code. There is a one-to-one
correspondence. Working with the native language of the
computer means that very efficient use of the machine is
possible, hence speed. The difficulty is that every type of
computer has a totally different native language. Also,
Assembly language is even more basic than BASIC. If you
want to print the word"HELLO"in BASIC, youcansimply
tell the computer PRINT "HELLO" and it does it. An
equivalent in Assembly Language might go something like
this:
LEAX HISTR,PCR
LBSR PDATA
JMP CONTROL
HISTR FCC 'HELLO
FCB $D, $A, $4
Many feel that Assembly Language is worth the extra effort
when they want their graphics to really zip across the screen.
Enter, the happy medium, the compiler. A compiler
shares the high level ease of programming like BASIC and
much of the execution speed of Assembly Language. A
compiler translates a programming command only once.
Native machine code is generated and stored for future use.
Hence a compiler has much of the ease of programming of
any high level language but also much of the execution speed
of Assembly Language.
It is possible to make a compiler for any language. There
are BASIC, ForTran, Algol, Pascal and many other
languages implemented as compilers. Forth is a relatively
new entry. It was designed by an Astronomer, Charles H.
Moore in 1969. In 1973, commercial distribution and
support was begun by Forth, Inc. FIG (Forth Interest
Group) formed in 1978 to promote the use and development
of the new language.
Okay, enough history. Let's go Forth] Forth is best
described as a combination of interpreter and compiler.
Commands can be translated and executed in one step.
Commands can also be stored and recalled in their compiled
form without further interpretation. That is why Forth is
fast when compared with BASIC.
Forth is a little odd, though. You see, Forth wasdesigned
to take maximum advantage of a computer's internal
December J 982
the RAINBOW
Page 1 49
registers and stack(s). Because of this, it uses a method of
data entry known as Reverse Polish Notation, RPN for
short. Some hand calculators like those made by Hewlett
Packard also use RPN. Our most familiar notation allows
us to add numbers like this: 2 + 3+7 =12. In BASIC we
would say:
PRINT 2 + 3 + 7 (enter)
And the answer appears below:
12
Reverse Polish Notation requires data entry like this:
2 3 7 + + (enter).
FortWs rough equivalent of BASIC'S "PRINT" is the"."
or period.
So in Forth we would say:
2 3 7 + + . (enter)
And the answer appears below:
12
Like I said, RPN is a little odd at first glance; but that is just
because we are not used to it. Practice makes RPN second
nature.
The basic unit jof action in Forth is a WORD. There are
no line numbers to demarcate our instructions. Instead,
programming consists of defining words to be used by
Forth. Once a word is defined, it is yours forever (or at least
until you tell Forth to FORGET it). Let's define a word that
will multiply any number by two and then print the result:
: TIMESTWO 2 * . ;
The colon signifies the beginning of a definition.
TIMESTWO is the word we are defining. 2 * does the actual
multiplication. The "." does the printout. The semicolon
signifies the end of the definition.
Now we enter:
7 TIMESTWO (enter)
And we get: 14
Once a Forth WORD is defined, it can be used in the
definitions of more Forth WORDS. Programming begins
with simple definitions and evolves into the more complex.
A highly complex program could be embodied in a single
Forth WORD. To invoke a program, its Forth WORD is
simply typed in on the terminal. Execution begins.
Forth, by nature, is a language that is never completely
defined or "finished." That is because new WORDS can
continually be defined; once defined, they become part of
the language. There are several hundred Forth WORDS
that are considered standard, at present. Nontheless, Forth
novices are usually surprised by the seeming lack of some of
their favorite functions. Don't fret! If a function is missing, it
can nearly always be constructed from the existing Forth
vocabulary. If super high execution speed is required, Forth
even has a provision for defining new vocabulary with
Assembler code.
I should mention here that integer arithmetic only is
considered standard with Forth. Surprised? Remember, if
you really need floating point functions there are available
methods for making them. Anyway, floating point
operations are inherently much slower than integar
operations. Most experienced Forth programmers find that
they can do without floating point.
Disk usage by Forth is a little different too. Forth divides
its data blocks into SCREENS instead of the more familiar
file structure. A SCREEN is simply all the data that will fit
on your television screen at one time. Each SCREEN of data
or Forth definitions is given a number and stored
sequentially on disk. Each SCREEN may contain numerous
Forth WORDS. When a SCREEN is LOADed, all the
vocabulary contained on the SCREEN becomes part of the
sytem's current vocabulary. It is common practice to use
several of the initial SCREENS on disk to store an index or
Page 1 50
the RAINBOW
December, 1 982
catalog of the remaining SCREENS which contain the Forth
vocabulary.
Mr. Falk has graced me with two versions of Forth
written for the TRS-80 Color Computer. ccForth was
written by Charles Eaker, Ph.D and distributed by Frank
Hogg Laboratory, Inc. Color-Forth was written by Hoyt A.
Stearns and is distributed by Hoyt Stearns Electronics. Up
to this point, everything I have said about Forth applies to
each author's version of Forth. Differences exist mainly on
three points: (1) Method of installation, (2) Supplied
documentation and (3) Enhancements or extra Vocabulary.
Installation
ccForth is supplied on disk, Color-Forth on tape or
ROM. Both versions allow disk operations when installed.
However, Color-Forth by Stearns can also be used on a
system without disk, programs being stored on tape, if
desired.
The installation of ccForth is quite straightforward. First,
make a backup copy of the supplied disk using BASIC'S
standard BACKUP command. This is not strictly required,
but definitely a good idea with any new software. Put away
the supplied disk in a nice safe place in case something
terrible should ever happen to your new copy. Put your new
disk into drive 0 and enter LOADM"CCFORTH" and hit
the enter key. When your computer says "OK," type EXEC
and hit the enter key. That's it! Forth comes on with a sign-
on message and away you go.
Installation of Color-Forth by Stearns is a little more
involved but not difficult. Place the supplied cassette in the
reader and type CLOADM (and hit enter). If you have
purchased the ROM version, install the ROM according to
supplied instructions. Next, for those who have disk, place a
newly-formatted disk in drive 0 and type EXEC (and hit
enter). This begins construction of a Forth disk. Type TAPE
90 LOAD (and hit enter). Then hit any key except BREAK
H I B
presents
SOFTWARE FOR THE COLOR COMPUTER
TALK PROCESSOR 'I CAN TALK!'
Quick and easy to use. Has over 2 dozen
common words. Make up hundreds of state-
ments in 3 voices. Uses digitally recorded
human speech for a more natural sound.
16K Ext. Basic $ 14.95
SUB-MISSION
HI-RES Color Action Game. Dive into the
'Hole' and retrieve the black boxes, but avoid
mines and falling depth charges. Elapsed
time line, on screen scoring, good sounds, 3
levels and bonus points. Joysticks required.
16K Ext. Basic $ 12.95
BONUS: Order submission and get
Missile Attack Underground game Free.
For immediate shipment send certified check or
money order. NO C.O.D. Personal check orders
shipped in 2 weeks. Send to HIB, 3505
Hutch Place, Chevy Chase, Maryland
20815. Add $1.00 for shipping. a^j**'
Maryland residents add 5%.
or F to read SCREEN 90 from tape then hit any key again
af ter you see "ID" 90. Color-Forth will do the rest. Now that
a Color-Forth disk has been constructed, future sessions
with Color-Forth may be initiated by installing the disk in
drive 0 and typing:
DSKIS 0,0,1, AS, AS (hit enter)
EXEC 1536 (hit enter)
To execute Color-Forth from ROM type EXEC&HE000
(or &HE002 for cold st irt) and hit the enter key. To execute
Color-Forth from RAM type EXEC &H988 (or &H98 A for
cold start) and hit the enter key.
Extra Color-Forth vocabulry can be loaded from tape or
disk as desired.
Documentation
The package supplied by Stearns will not teach you the
Forth language if you are a novice. The implementation of
Forth itself is excellent and has some unique features;
however, the documentation supplied assumes you either
already know Forth or are willing to purchase one of the
introductory books available. Mr. Stearns, in his preface to
the Color-Forth manual, suggests contacting the Forth
Interest Group and receiving their magazine: Forth
Dimensions. The documentation supplied for Color-Forth
describes mainly the differences and enchancements of
Color-Forth by comparison to the standard Fig-Forth.
Frank Hogg and Chuck Eaker took a different tack with
ccForth. It is assumed that you know zip about Forth. A
well-written manual of just over 200 pages takes you
through all the ground work necessary to understand the
language. The manual makes use of some comparisons to
BASIC; so it is helpful if you at least know a little BASIC.
Enchancements
Both ccForth and Color-Forth are supplied with
considerable enhancements over the accepted standard
Forth. Enhancements consist of extra vocabulary.
Eaker's ccForth includes an Assembler vocabulary, a
choice of line-oriented, block-oriented or screen editors, a
disk file access program and a game or two. This version of
Forth also includes enough string functions to duplicate
most of the functions allowed by Extended Color Basic.
WORDS uniquely useful to the control of the Color
Compter's graphics capabilities are also included. Forth
WORDS for the composition of computer music and arcade
sounds are an extra freebie.
Stearns Color-Forth allows the inclusion of machine code
within a Forth definition but no standard Assembler
vocabulary is included. An excellent screen-oriented editor
is supplied with complete instructions on its use. There are
some truly unqiue features. Color-Forth handles interrupts
cleanly in high level Forth. That means interesting time-
sharing possibilities. A TIME-OUT function is useful in
debugging your Forth definitions (programs). An interrupt-
driven timer is set before executing your program. If your
program goofs and enters an infinite loop, Forth will seize
control when the predetermined time has expired. Color-
Forth also includes a useful program execution trace
function. Type TRON and your computer will show you
exactly how your program is running. It will even trace the
execution of Forth itself. Color-Forth also includes several
WORDS for cotrolling the various graphics features of the
color computer.
Both of these Forth compilers have some interesting
features. Also, remember that nearly any feature found on
one version of Forth could be duplicated on another version
QUASAR ANIMATIONS
Christmas Special
T
From now until December 24th, receive a FREE
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(See Inside Front Cover For Selection) y*-^v
BIGNUM
RAINBOW
by Mark Zimmerman and Ed Pollard cut.™*™*
If you gave your computer this problem 1 122334455 * 554433221 1, it
would give you an answer something like 6.22259507 E 18. Not if you had
BIGNUM. 8ignum would give you 6222595070371 630005.
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Add, subtract, multiply divide, and raise numbers to powers you never
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the exponentiated version [8.25184889).
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Can you survive the first wave of attack? Or the next . . .Or the next. . .? Only
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16K/ Joysticks required. $1 8 95
THE WALL
This 9-color joystick game is not a "BREAKOUT" but a new idea. You are
shooting down the bricks to get the "enemy" on the other side. But when you
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RAINBOW
CERTIFICATION
SEAL
Page 152
the RAINBOW
December, 1 982
of Forth if you are willing to write the definitions needed.
Benchmarks
Earlier, we mentioned speed. We know a compiler is
supposed to be fast; so, how about a race? Let's pit ccForth
against Color-Forth. Also, in case anyone is interested, let's
include Extended Color Basic in the lineup.
In order to have a race, we need a goal. In this case, I chose
to let the constestants sprint to find all the prime numbers
less than 300. For those of you who are a little rusty on high
school math, a prime number is any number than can only
be evenly divided by 1 and itself. The numbers 3, 5 and 7 are
a few examples.
there are many ways of testing to see if a number is prime.
The most inelegant, brute-force method I know is to simply
divide the number in question by every single positive
integer below it except the number 1. For example, to test
the number 5 we would do the f ollowing divisions: 5/2,5/3
and 5/4. Since none of the divisors produce a whole number
quotient, 5 must be prime. Okay, experienced programmers
and mathematicians, I hear that snickering. Sure, there are
numerous programming tricks that could be used to
improve this algorithm by many magnitudes of efficiency.
Never mind that. This is intended to be an obstacle course, a
test of brute strength and agility.
Here is my implementation:
: TESTPRIME DUP 2 DO DUP I MOD 0 = IF DROP0
LEAVE ENDIF LOOP ;
: PRIMES BELL 2 DO I TESTPRIME DUP IF. ELSE
DROP ENDIF LOOP BELL ;
TESTPRIME is my Forth definition that tests to see if
any given integer is prime. PRIMES is my Forth definition
which allows the user to input a number and then uses
TESTPRIME to check every integer less than the entered
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number for membership in the prime number series.
PRIMES also makes a beep at the beginning of the race and
sounds a beep at the end of the race. A cheap digital watch is
used to time the event. To start the race I type:
300 PRIMEs (and hit the enter key)
Then I time and wait — but not long!
Color-Forth comes in first with a time of 13 seconds.
ccForth comes in second with a time of 22 seconds.
Now it's time to let BASIC run its laps. Oops, when I type
in 300 PRIMEs, all I get is SN ERROR! Since BASIC
doesn't speak Forth we need a reasonably equivalent
algorithm. To wit.
10 INPUT N
20 SOUND 100,1
30 FOR X=2 TON-1
40 FOR Y=2 TO X-l
50 IF X/Y-INT(X/Y) 0 THEN NEXT Y ELSE 70
60 PRINT X;
70 NEXT X
80 SOUND 100,1
Timing method is the same. Interesting. BASIC took two
minutes and 36 seconds to complete its task.
To be fair about it, benchmark programs are not easy to
design with equity for all compiler or interpreter
implementations. A given implementation may shine when
given a benchmark algorithm which takes advantage of its
most efficient features. The same implementation may do
poorly when asked to perf orm a less than optimum task. For
example, BASIC does not include provisions for integer
arithmetic. That two minutes and 36 seconds race included
the overhead time required to drag around floating point
numbers.
Why Go Forth?
Is it worth the effort to learn a new language? It depends
on what you want from your computer. If you want fancy
interactive game programs where speed is not a criterion, if
you want to do high precision number crunching with
floating point and scientific notation then stick with BASIC.
It was designed to dothejob. However, if speed isyourmain
requirement or if laboratory systems control is your aim or if
code compactness is required then Forth is an excellent
alternative to BASIC or Assembly Language.
Which Forth implementation is best? Again, that depends
on your personal requirements. They are both fast. But for
the highest execution speed I would choose Hoyt Steam's
Color-Forth. As a novice, I would choose ccForth by Chuck
Eaker because of the excellent documentation included;
frankly, my first serious introduction to Forth was Mr.
Eaker's very complete manual.
(Color-Forth, Hoyt Stearns Electronics, 4131 E. Cannon
Drive, Phoenix, AZ 85028, $58.95 for RAM, $123.00 for
ROM and RAM; ccForth, Frank Hogg Laboratory, The
Regency Tower, 770 James Street, Syracuse, NY 13203,
$99.95.)
Hint
What ROM Have You?
All CoCos come up with a message which says you are
operating on version 1.0 of the operating system. How can
you tell whether you have version 1.0 or 1.1 of the Basic
ROM chip?
The answer is a simple one: Just type in EXEC 41 1 75 and
the version of your ROM will be printed on the screen.
/2kv\ Sen
pftOGftflm
nofi€„
For The
al
O Co
omputer
PROGftflm
/TORE „
Avenger
From Cornsoft
Pest control in space is not easy! Your Pesticraft is
armed with laser and pesticide bombs to vaporize
the almost-endless wave of pests. Watch for the
AVENGER that tries to stop you. And the birds-
filled with attacking droids. Get an extra Pesticraft
for each 10,000 points. Requires 2 joysticks.
16KTape, $19.95
Katerpillar
Attack
Color
Haywire
From Tom Mix Software
You don't have to go out for excitement— have a
KATERPILLAR ATTACK at home! The action,
graphics and sound are so authentic, it'll be hard to
believe you're not at an arcade!
16KTape, $24.95
From Mark Data Products
Hostile robots await you in a series of dangerous
rooms. As you fire your laser gun to destroy the
robots, be sure not to touch the walls or any objects
you find— they are all electrified! Don't relax for a
moment... the Indestructible Menace is lurking
somewhere, ready to demolish everything in his path
. . .and he cannot be destroyed. Fast-paced 1 or 2
player game with great colors and sound. Requires
joystick for each player.
16KTape, $24.95
Scepter of Kzirgla
From Rainbow Connection Software
Real-time graphics adventure game with arcade
sound for the color computer. 13 floors of dungeon
with monsters, treasure chests, hidden trap doors . . .
even a flying magic carpet! All in your quest to find
the Scepter of Kzirgla. Whatever you do, don't get
caught in the poisonous gas cloud! Extended BASIC
required.
16K Tape, $16.95, 16K Disk, $21.95
101 Color Computer
Programming
Tips & Tricks
By Ron Clark from ARCsoft
Handy collection of practical, easy-to-follow techniques
and shortcuts for your color computer. Each of 101 tips
features a complete, pre tested, ready to run program. In-
cludes graphics, sound, games, text on text, number
crunching.
Softcover, $7.95
TRS-80
Color Basic
By Bob Albrecht from John Wiley & Sons
Step-by*step guide to the unique color, sound and
graphic capabilities of your new Color Computer. No
previous experience is required. Teach yourself
BASIC— there's a whole chapter on typical program-
ming problems and solutions.
Softcover, $9.95
Ghost
Gobbler
From Spectral Associates
In this new and exciting version of the popular arcade
game, use your joysticks to move your Ghost Gobbler
through the maze, eating dots and power pills to
score points. 8 bonus shapes, super sound, and 16
skill levels. Extended BASIC required; joysticks.
16KTape, $21.95
Invader's Revenge
By Ken Kalish from Med Systems.
You are the last space invader— humans have
destroyed all the others— and you're out for
REVENGE! Wipe out as many as you can, avoiding
their lasers and photon blasts. Multiple skill levels; 1
or 2 players; extended BASIC not required. Machine
language, hi-res graphics, great sound.
16K Tape, $19.95
Also Available: Phantom Slayer
16K Tape, $19.95
Cave
Hunter
From Mark Data Products K\
Vivid colors and unusual sound effects add "spice"
to this action-filled arcade game for one or more
players. Guide your CAVE HUNTER through the
maze of cave passages, filled with scary Cave Crea-
tures, to find gold treasures. Score points for each
treasure you bring to cave entrance and for each
Creature you destroy. Player's score and highest
game score are displayed. Random "double point"
mode. Requires joystick.
16 K Tape, $24.95
Protectors
From Tom Mix Software
You have 4 ships armed with laser cannon and smart
bombs. They have waves of enemy fighters; their
mother ships have lasers and heat-seeking mines.
Get a new ship for each 5,000 points you score. Excit-
ing arcade action with hi res 4-color graphics.
32K Tape, $24.95 32K Disk, $27.95
Voyager I
From Avafon Hill
You're on board a spaceship infested with killer
robots in this graphic science fiction game. You must
clear the 4-level 144-location ship of robots and arm it
to self-destruct. Can you do it and escape before you,
too, are blown up? High-speed graphics are repre-
sented in 3-D perspective representing your eye's
view; with instant switching to floor plan maps. Ex-
tended BASIC required.
16KTape, $19.95
6809
Assembly
Language
Programming
By Lance Leventhal from McGraw Hill
This comprehensive book covers 6809 assembly
language programming in detail. The entire instruc-
tion set is presented and fully explained. The book
contains many fully debugged, practical program-
ming examples with solutions in both object code and
source code. Discussion of assembler conventions,
I/O devices, and interfacing methods is also included.
If you've never before programmed in assembly
language, this book will teach you how. If you're an
experienced programmer, you'll find this book an in-
valuable reference to the 6809 instruction set and pro-
gramming techniques.
Softcover, $16.95
©1982 The Program Store, Inc.
Washington, D.C. 20016
Visit our other stores:
Seven Corners Center, Falls Church, VA • W. Bell Plaza, 6600 Security Blvd., Baltimore, MO • Olentangy Plaza, 829 Bethel Rd., Columbus, OH
r 1
j THE PROGRAM STORE • Pept.RN212« Box 9582 * 4200 Wisconsin Avenue, NW * Washington, D.C.20O1 6 1
j Item Tape/Disk Price Postage $2.00 Name I
Address I
Total ,
□ CHECK □ VISA Cit
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l
Page 1 54
the RAINBOW
December, 1 982
Software Review...
Tower Castle Carries Out
Theme Well In Good Adventure
The fact is that a lot of work goes in to writing an
Adventure program. And, it seems to us that as long as the
author is going to spend a great deal of time getting
everything straight from the program's standpoint, he
should carry out the theme, too.
Tower Castle does this in an outstanding way. First off, let
us say that it is a fine adventure with some good little tricks
and the like, but that is programming and not what we are
really talking about here. Or, more on this later.
The theme is set in a somewhat long introduction
program that, we imagine, allows the main program to
operate with only (?) 32K. By the fine use of knight-like
language, the introduction sets the theme of the program
and, at the same time, gives you an opportunity to view the
castle you will be Adventuring in. This is certainly better
than watching the little "F" blink while the program loads.
But, once the program starts it is evident the author took
great pains to make this a fine excursion in a thematic
Adventure. Every message in this "word"-type adventure is
straight out of King Arthur's Court (or at least as we imagine
King Arthur's Court to have been). The locations, the
dialogue, the descriptions and the articles you are able to
pick up along the way are all worked into this general theme
of Knights of Old. It's an enjoyable experience.
The Adventure itself is enjoyable, too. There are enough
twists and turns to keep your mental juices flowing and the
experience is a good one. Death, of course, lurks in all
BOOKS & PROGRAMS
ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE GRAPHICS
for the TRS-80 Color Computer
by DON & KURT INMAN
256 pages $14.95+5125 postage & handling
SOFTWARE
GRAPHIC ADVENTURES
SCEPTER BEYOND THE
OF CIMEEON
KZIRGLA MOON
$16.95
ADVENTURE
TRILOGY
3D TRIPACK
$24.95
$24.95
16K EXTENDED BASIC CASSETTES
$1.25 Per Order
Postage &
Handling
All Orders Receive
10% Voucher On Order
OWL-WARE
P.O. Box 116
Mertztown, PA.
19539
PA. Res. Include 6%Tax
corners. But there is a way out — usually with magic,
assuming you figure out how to use it.
In addition, we liked the display which segments the
screen into different areas: Things you can see, messages,
directions you can go and Adventurer's input. All in all, this
is one of the better Adventures to come down the pike lately.
(Moreton Bay Software, 316 Castillo Street, Santa
Barbara, CA 93101, $17.95)
(From Page 8)
Editor's Notes.
PRINT #-2,
comparison of the number of programs offered by the
Rainbow and 80 Micro.
Incidentally, we brought this item to the attention of an
editor at 80 Micro. He allowed how this item must have
"slipped by." It will be corrected in the future, he promised.
This is all beside the point, and we certainly do not wish to
get into an argument about number of programs, ads, pages,
words or whatever that are devoted to CoCo in any
magazine. Rather, we feel you, as a CoCo owner, would be
interested in some facts.
First of all, the CoCo has been a true success story for
Radio Shack and for personal computer owners in general.
Far and away, it gives the most value for the dollar of any
personal computer on the market. And, for that matter,
there is some lack of understanding on the part of Mr. Green
if he equates CoCo with the Atari 400, VIC-20, Timex-1 000
and TI 99/4A. And, despite this, Tandy is selling the 16K
CoCo for $299, quite a bargain!
Second, Tandy does cooperate. Jon Shirley, vice
president for computer merchandising, has been most open
in steering his CoCo customers toward software and
firmware for the Color Computer. That is true, too, for
members of his staff. If you simply assess the Color
Computer's position in the marketplace, it is easy to see that
Mr. Shirley and his people are doing one heck of a job. After
all, why do you think the the VIC, Atari, Timex and all the
others are cutting price under CoCo? Did Volkswagen cut
prices shortly after its "Beetle" was introduced in this
country — or did other manufacturers cut their prices to
meet the competition?
Third, there is a darn good outside support industry there
for CoCo. One look through these pages should tell you
that. Frankly, it is my impression there is more software,
hardware and firmware available for the Color Computer
than for the Model III/ 1, which Mr. Green seems to think is
so well supported. Yes, many of these firms are smaller, but
they have fine products — as many of you can attest.
I do read 80 Micro each month to see what it has to say.
And I have had occasion to speak with Mr. Green about his
magazines, mine and computers. I find him to be a nice
person but, on the subject of the Color Computer, I think he
is all wet and has been for quite some time. So, one of my
wishes for 1983 is that I hope we'll hear no more about lack
of support for CoCo from 80 Micro, either by Radio Shack
or by the many, many firms which have — to my mind and in
the view of others — done a good job providing you with the
things you need and want for your Color Computer.
I personally think the growth and support of CoCo has
been tremendous in the last year. I see it continuing and I
think you, as a user who has invested good money in your
system, see it that way, too.
And, frankly, since we are the only magazine which is 100
percent devoted to the 80C and its friends (TDP-100 and
Dragon-32), it just might be that we're in a better position to
judge than is Mr. Green, anyway.
December, 1982 the RAINBOW
On the subject of the Rainbow, I do want to thank each of
you for your support in this past year. We've grown from
quite a few less than 1 ,000 in paid circulation to over 12,000
as I write this and have increased from 19 pages to
somewhere in the area of 180.
Every once in a while I ask you to mention the Rainbow
when you order anything from these pages. The reason is
simply that our advertisers do pay the bills f or our continued
growth and you can help us grow by telling them that the
money they are spending is paying off. That is important to
us, but it is important to you, too. Thank you f or every time
you mention us. It allows us to keep expanding — providing
more pages, more programs, more information about
CoCo.
Last month I said there would be some changes this
month. Well, here they are. The first should be most
obvious — a new binding that gives the Rainbow a "spine"
f or the first time. This process is called perf ect binding, and
we're using it because we just got too big to be able to
effectively use staples.
We have moved printers, too. The firm which now prints
the Rainbow, Gibbs-Inman Co., is one of the most respected
magazine publishers in the United States. You may notice
the colors are brighter and the type cleaner — that is because
each page of the Rainbow is now varnished and quick-dried
on leaving the press. You can see the "shine" in the ink.
You might note the paper is thinner, too. But, it is more
opaque than bef ore. This is because, f or the first time, we are
using what is called a "coated" paper stock. No, it does not
"shine." We have received a large number of requests not to
use shiny paper because of light reflections that can make it
difficult to see program listings you are keying in. Shiny
paper may be "just the thing" for reading-type magazines
like Time, but the feedback we have received from you
indicates you believe such paper is a negative in a computer
magazine. We would like your opinion on this.
Finally, you will see some changes in the makeup and
layout coming gradually in the nextf ew months. We want to
make the Rainbow easier for you to read and find your way
through. Again, let us know your opinions about these. We
welcome them.
Speaking of welcomes, we hope you will welcome Joseph
Kolar to the Rainbo. Joe starts a new series called Basic
Training that will be for the beginner to personal
computing. But, for those of you who have advanced past
the beginner's stage, I think you will find Joe's contributions
contain a large number of hints and tips that could improve
things for you, too.
And coming up, we will have a new series on advanced
programming tips. Watch for that in the next couple of
issues.
We're planning to start the year with our long-awaited
Adventure Issue. Frankly, the number of entries was
overwhelming. We'll let you know who the winners are and
print the winning Adventure for you to key in. Also in
January, we plan to report the results of our reader poll.
Believe it or not, more than 3,000 of you responded to the
poll. Thank you. It helps us plan for the future.
In addition, there will be another contest starting next
month: A simulation contest. The idea is that you must write
a program with the best simulation of some kind of event —
operation of a nuclear power plant, a voyage to another
galaxy, flying a plane around the world, or whatever your
imagination cooks up. This one should be a lot of fun, so
plan to set aside some time and enter. The prizes, as usual,
will be good ones.
Page 155
Also coming next month, all the details on the Rainbow
Connection, the electronic version of the magazine, that we
mentioned last month. I think you will be excited by the
prospects, so watch for the information. The Rainbow
Connection should be on-line by the time you get January's
issue.
Did I say that I had a wish list for 1983? Yes, I seem to
remember that I did several thousand words back.
Number one on my list is a full-fledged compiler. And, I
think that is a desire shared by a lot of people.
I'm also hoping to see more original-type games for
CoCo. And I truly hope we see more of you bending CoCo's
fantastic abilities toward educational software — especially
for exceptional children and adults.
I would truly like to see someone come up with a first class
version of the excellent Snapp, Inc. Basic enhancements
Bob Snapp has produced for the Models II and 1 6. It would
be a real challenge due to the differences in the machines, but
a major boon. Snapp's utilities are the absolute finest I have
ever seen for any microcomputer system.
Last but certainly not the least, I like to think of the CoCo
world as a big family ofpeopleall linked to one another with
a common bond that stretches across countries, oceans and
time zones. So to each of you, from all of us, have the
happiest of Holidays and the best for 1983.
You have our best wishes, I hope we have yours.
— Lonnie Falk
GREAT SOFTWARE
AT AN UNBEATABLE
PRICE
GAME PACK 1 (16k Ext ) $8.95
LEM: New landscape each game. ^
PIRATE ADVENTURE: Find the hidden
treasure. SUPERZAP, and DARTS.
* GAME PACK 2 (16k Ext) $11.95
AN UNEXPLORED MANSION: Explore the
mansion and find the fortune
- over thirty rooms. MOON PILOT:
three different landmg choices and
gravity levels. BALLOONS: Pop the
falling balloons.
*4k GAME PACK $6.95
GLIPPERS (with machine language),
AIRPLANE ATTACK, and DARTS.
*Requires joystick.
All prices include postage and handling.
Check or money order only please.
Prices are in U.S. Currency.
CENTURY SOFTWARE
I649 Geneva Ave. No.
St. Paul, MN 55119
Page 1 56
the RAINBOW
December, 1982
Software Review...
Three Word Processors
Give You Power, Choices
Power, that's what it is. And, of course, a great feeling of
control over your CoCo. That's what you get from using a
word processing program.
Let me explain. I'm what is sometimes referred to as a
"word merchant." We come in a wide variety; myself, I'm the
news bureau editor at a university and the greater
proportion of my work day is spent writing news releases
about whatever is happening on campus.
My basic work tool is the typewriter. When I finish my
rough draft, somebody else produces the finished draft
which is then reproduced and mailed out. While we do have
a rather sophisticated word processing system, it is in high
demand and is used mainly for blending long mailing lists
with form letters and such as that. The office secretary does
the "word processing" on news releases, which generally run
no more than three double-spaced pages, and often are only
one page.
When I do have the routine form letter to send to a news
media mailing list, again someone else takes my draft and
disappears into the word processing room, reappearing
soon with finished letters all ready for my signature. Not a
bad arrangement, and when I get a stack of letter-perfect
documents on my desk, awaiting my approval, I count my
blessings. Quite candidly, it also makes me feel important. I
hand someone a few sheets of paper full of strike-overs,
editing marks, blocks of copy cut out with scissors and taped
Color Computer Programs
from
Genesis Software
presenting
* The Enchanted Forest
The BIG adventure in hi -res graphics is here! Move
through more than 50 scenes on a quest to rescue the
captive princess. Decisions are made according to
visual clues, not text. There are many inhabitants in
the Enchanted Forest — some are friendly, some
are not. This is a sophisticated computer adven-
ture — a real challenge. A must for your adventure
library. Requires 32K extended basic.
Tape cassette (postage paid) $21 . 95
* The Game Show
Now a lively party game where two teams compete
against the clock to name several items in a
category. Includes 60 rounds with color graphics
and sound. Machine language routine for fast
response. Requires 16K extended basic and joy-
sticks.
Tape cassette (postage paid ) $19.95
Genesis Software ^
P.O. Box 936 ^
Manchester, Mo. 63011
into place in a different part of the story, and all manner of
messiness; a little while later, it comes back looking
beautiful. So what do I need with a word processor?
Now, I know: Power! Yessir, it's a wonderful feeling to
punch a few keys and watch spelling get corrected, lines
move to new locations, and messinessjust disappear. Now, I
know why the support staff never seems to mind going into
that little windowless room in the back of the office and
sitting at a small monitor for hours on end. Probably, none
of them would admit it, but I'll betcha they're hooked.
They're in command and the word processor does their
every bidding. They're rewarded with a beautiful finished
product for their efforts, too. Responds instantly: No back
talk, no coffee break — Everybody ought to have one.
You may well think I'm pulling your leg, but I've had as
much fun "playing" with some word processing programs
for the Color Computer as I've had with adventure games,
graphics games and the like. For one thing, you feel in
command instead of vastly overpowered; word processing
helps you exercise some control over your computer and
helps you make it perf orm the kinds of tricky stuff that cause
your friends to sit up and take notice that CoCo is not a toy.
I'm writing this rambling review with Telewriter and I think
I'm in love. Take my games, take my ROM packs, take data
files, but please don't take my Telewriter.
Okay, so I got a bit carried away. You know, though, back
in January of this year, Rainbow reported that there were
four word processing programs available for the CoCo.
Today, there are more than we can keep track of — and there
are still some non-believers out there who (wrongly) think
CoCo isn't generally suitable for word processing. Recently,
I took a good look at three of the word processing programs
that are now available: Wordclone, Micro-Script and
Telewriter 2.0 (the Disk version).
Rather naively, I must admit, on looking back, I agreed to
compare the three, which have little in common, except that
they are designed to help you produce a finished letter or
document that is free of errors. All three programs are
capable of that, and each has its own unique extra features.
Borrowing from the Rainbow editor Lonnie Falk's in-
depth review in the January, 1982, issue, I'm going to
evaluate the word processing programs infiveareas: display
and input, editing ease, I/O capability, special features,
and — adding a category of my own — documentation.
Display And Input
The screen display is very important, because this is where
the work is done. Wordclone and Telewriter both use the f ull
screen. Micro-Script uses the standard screen format that
appears when you first power up your CoCo.
Wordclone uses a 50 character by 24 line display and
Telewriter uses 51 characters by 24 lines. And, even though
it's the lowest priced of the three, Wordclone uses real upper
and lower case with true descenders — that is the "g," the "y, "
and other letters with "tails" do stick below the line.
Telewriter has a very readable lower case, but no descenders.
Micro-Script, on the other hand, uses inverse video for
lower case, and if you're comfortable with that, since that's
what you use in the Microsoft language that's used in
CoCo's ROM, maybe that's okay. Personally, I find it very
distracting.
As to input, you just start typing with Telewriter and keep
typing until you're finished. You need pay no attention to
the end of the line because, if a word won't fit, Telewriter just
pushes the entire word down to the next line. That's really
quite a feat, and even later when you insert a word or phrase,
it simply pushes the rest of the copy down to make room, or
pulls it back up from lower lines to fill in when you delete a
word or phrase. Wordclone and Micro-Script don't offer
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Page 158
that luxury.
With Wordclone, you must review each line as you type it
and then press ENTER and wait f or the line to be typed on
the printer. It's plainly slow, especially if you're a speed
typist. I'm not, but I found the required pause at the end of
every line to be quite disruptive. But, if you are collecting
your thoughts and composing as you go, it may not be a
problem. If you're writing a computer program, for
instance, you may not even notice the slow input.
Micro-Script is a little better; you can type in two 32-
character lines before you must hit ENTER, and, you don't
have to feed to the printer at this point. So, input can be a lot
quicker. But, if you go beyond the two lines and don't hit
ENTER you may find yourself typing away and nothing
appearing on the screen when you look up to check. You
soon learn to keep a close eye on the screen because of this.
Editing Ease
Editing with Wordclone can be tedious. To begin with,
you must first review your printout for errors and then count
the lines on your printed copy. To correct an error, you must
go to the editing mode and key in the line number of the line
you wish to edit. That line is then displayed by itself and you
are required to retype the entire line to correct an error.
Then you repeat the process with any other lines that need
correcting. Hopefully, since input was so slow to begin with,
you won't have much correcting to do.
With Micro-Script, you don't need a hard copy for
reference, and you can enter the edit mode any time you
wish. Editing with Micro-Script is still a bit cumbersome
because of the numerous options you must key in and you
can do only one line at a time before returning to the main
menu. Jumping back and forth between main menu,
submenu and the text itself gets a bit old if you have multiple
changes, but you can insert, delete, etc. without having to
retype the entire line.
Telewriter — of course, it costs twice as much as either of
the others — edits with ease. You can just "scroll" through
December 1 982
J- w
THE COMPOSER
SPEECH SYSTEMS, A MANUFACTURER OF SPEECH, MUSIC, AND SOUND EFFECT
SYNTHESIZERS FOR THE SS-50 BUS, INTRODUCES THE COMPOSER FOR THE
COLOR COMPUTER. THE COMPOSER IS A 4 VOICE MUSIC COMPILER WHICH
ALLOWS ONE TO EASILY DEVELOP MUSIC. EACH VOICE USES ITS OWN
WAVESHAPE TABLE. BOTH A BASIC AND A MACHINE LANGUAGE PROGRAM ARE
INCLUDED, NO ADDITIONAL HARDWARE IS NECESSARY. THE COMPOSER
ALLOWS THE ORGINAL MUSICAL SCORE TO BE SAVED. IN ADDITION, THE
COMPILED MUSIC MAY BE SAVED AND BEST OF ALL IT MAY BE PLAYED
WITHOUT ANY OTHER SOFTWARE. EXAMPLES OF HOW THE COLOR COMPUTER
CAN BE USED TO REPRODUCE SOUND EFFECTS ARE ALSO INCLUDED. YOU
HAVE TO HEAR THE DIFFERENCE TO REALLY COMPARE, BUT JUST LOOK AT
SOME OF THESE FEATURES:
THE
COMPOSER
PRICE . $24.95
VOICES %
OCTAVE RANGE ► 7
WAVESHAPES H
MANUAL 4 ♦ + 25 full pages
MUSIC INCLUDED > YES
TEMPO (SPEED ) 20 +
DOTTED NOTE YES
DOUBLE DOTTED YES
TRIPLETT YES
QUARTER NOTE TRIPLETT.. YES
EIGTH NOTE TRIPLETT ... - YES
THIRTY SECOND NOTE YES
SOUND EFFECTS YES
RADIO SHACK
MUSIC
$29.95
2
H
n
16 mini-pages
NO
4
YES
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
Requires 1 6K Extended BASIC
CASSETTE VERSION .....
DISK VERSION
lrr _____--JI|_LL
.|.|.|.L._.IJJJ ■ L L I. B ■ I
$24.95
$29.95
CALL OR WRITE TO ORDER.
WE ACCEPT CASH, CHECK, COD, VISA, AND MASTERCARD.
ILLINOIS RESIDENTS PLEASE INCLUDE 5* SALES TAX.
INCLUDE $1.50 FOR SHIPPING AND HANDLING.
RAINBOW
DEALER INQUIRES INVITED.
S^pvecli System*
(312) 879-6880
38 W 255 DEERPA TH ROAD
BAT A VIA, IL 60510
the entire text zipping the cursor up and down, left and right,
and make massive changes with a minimum of trouble. It's
really fun to do. Proofing and editing copy is where you can
exercise the power I mentioned at the beginning of this
review.
Basically, while Telewriter can run off and leave the other
two programs in terms of speed in editing, all three
programs have the capability to do things almost impossible
with atypewriter, no matter how good the machine, or typist
is.
I/O Capability
All three programs can be used with either tape or disk.
Wordclone comes on tape only, though, and must be
transferred to disk. While Micro-Script can be ordered in a
disk version, only Telewriter's disk version has a number of
extra features unique to the disk version.
With Telewriter 2.0 (disk), you have all that the tape
version offers plus such things as a RENAME command to
change the name of a file. Also, PRINT DIR gives you a
simple way to print the directory to the printer, something
the Radio Shack DOS doesn't provide. Among other
features is file chaining. Say you have a document of a few
dozen pages and it takes up six separate files on disk, with
the "Q" embedded command on Telewriter 2.0, you can tell
the print routine to read in and print the file whose name
follows the Q once it's finished printing the current contents
of the buffer.
Another Telewriter 2.0 feature worthy of mention is a
utility program which may be used to convert Telewriter
files to standard ASCII and vice versa. This is important
because Telewriter does not make normal saves in ASCII.
While this is an extra step, it solves a big headache which
previously existed for Telewriter owners.
Obviously, disk is great to have, but there is also another
facet of I/O capability — that of printer communication.
This is where Micro-Script shines. With Micro-Script, you
can jump back and forth between different type sizes with
ease, and special instructions are provided for tailoring
Micro-Script to whatever printer you use. You can really
jazz up your printout once you get the hang of it — even with
a Line Printer VII, like I have. If your printer is more
versatile, well just watch you go.
All three word processing programs allow you to format
your printout, but Micro-Script seems to be a lot easier to
use.
Special Features
While you may not consider a justified right-hand margin
a special feature, but rather something you'd expect of a
word processor, only Micro-Script, of the three we are
reviewing here, offers this very tidy feature. (In case you
aren't familiar with "justification" as a printing term, it
means having a right-hand margin that is "even," like the
left-hand margin, not ragged, but all lines the same length.
While this may or may not be important to you, I find that it
adds a real touch of class to a document. (We understand
Telewriter-64, which is just out, does offer this feature, but
we haven't had a chance to try it.) Micro-Script's
justification works great.
While Wordclone is a budget word processor, it does have
a handy extra feature that permits you to use Wordclone as a
character generator so you can have text in the graphics
mode without having to go through a bunch of complicated
commands.
In addition to having the capability of entering a line,
which makes for nice titles, Micro-Script also has the ability
to move line from one section of the text to another.
both Micro-Script and Telewriter allow you to search
easily for some key word. Let's say you decide that every
■ 3 display formats: 51/64/85
columns x 24 lines
■ True lower case characters
■ User-friendly full-screen
editor
■ Right justification
■ Easy hyphenation
■ Drives any printer
■ Embedded format and
control codes
■ Runs in 16K, 32K, or 64K
■ Menu-driven disk and
cassette I/O
■ No hardware modifications
required
THE ORIGINAL
Simply stated, Telewriter is the most powerful
word processor you can buy for the TRS-80
Color Computer. The original Telewriter has
received rave reviews in every major Color
Computer and TRS-80 magazine, as well as
enthusiastic praise from thousands of satisfied
owners. And rightly so.
The standard Color Computer display of 32
characters by 16 lines without lower case is
simply inadequate for serious word processing.
The checkerboard letters and tiny lines give you
no feel for how your writing looks or reads.
Telewriter gives the Color Computer a 51
column by 24 line screen display with true
lower case characters. So a Telewriter screen
looks like a printed page, with a good chunk of
text on screen at one time. In fact, more on
screen text than you'd get with Apple II, Atari,
TI, Vic or TRS-80 Model III.
On top of that, the sophisticated Telewriter
full-screen editor is so simple to use, it makes
writing fun. With single-letter mnemonic
commands, and menu-driven I/O and
formatting, Telewriter surpasses all others for
user friendliness and pure power.
Telewriter's chain printing feature means that
the size of your text is never limited by the
amount of memory you have, and Telewriter's
advanced cassette handler gives you a powerful
word processor without the major additional
cost of a disk.
...one of the best programs for the Color
Computer 1 have seen...
— Color Computer News, Jan. 1982
TELEWRITER-64
But now we've added more power to
Telewriter. Not just bells and whistles, but
major features that give you total control over
your writing. We call this new supercharged
version Telewriter-64. For two reasons.
64K COMPATIBLE
Telewriter-64 runs fully in any Color Computer
— 16K, 32K, or 64K, with or without Extended
Basic, with disk or cassette or both. It
automatically configures itself to take optimum
advantage of all available memory. That means
that when you upgrade your memory, the
Telewriter-64 text buffer grows accordingly. In
a 64K cassette based system, for example, you
get about 40K of memory to store text. So you
don't need disk or FLEX to put all your 64K
to work immediately.
64 COLUMNS (AND 85!)
Besides the original 51 column screen,
Telewriter-64 now gives you 2 additional high-
density displays: 64 x 24 and 85 x 24! ! Both
high density modes provide all the standard
Telewriter editing capabilities, and you can
switch instantly to any of the 3 formats with a
single control key command.
The 51 x 24 display is clear and crisp on the
screen. The two high density modes are more
crowded and less easily readable, but they are
perfect for showing you the exact layout of
your printed page, all on the screen at one
time. Compare this with cumbersome
"windows" that show you only fragments at a
time and don't even allow editing.
RIGHT JUSTIFICATION &
HYPHENATION
One outstanding advantage of the full-width
screen display is that you can now set the
screen width to match the width of your
printed page, so that "what you see is what
you get." This makes exact alignment of
columns possible and it makes hyphenation
simple.
Since short lines are the reason for the large
spaces often found in standard right justified
text, and since hyphenation is the most
effective way to eliminate short lines,
Telewriter-64 can now promise you some of the
best looking right justification you can get on
the Color Computer.
FEATURES & SPECIFICATIONS:
Printing and formatting: Drives any printer
(LPVII/VII1, DMP-100/200, Epson, Okidata,
Centronics, NEC, C. Itoh, Smith-Corona,
Terminet, etc).
Embedded control codes give full dynamic access to
intelligent printer features like: underlining,
subscript, superscript, variable font and type size, dot-
graphics, etc.
Dynamic (embedded) format controls for: top,
bottom, and left margins; line length, lines per page,
line spacing, new page, change page numbering,
conditional new page, enable/disable justification.
Menu-driven control of these parameters, as well as:
pause at page bottom, page numbering, baud rate (so
you can run your printer at top speed), and Epson
font. "Typewriter" feature sends typed lines directly
to your printer, and Direct mode sends control codes
right from the keyboard. Special Epson driver
simplifies use with MX-80.
Supports single and multi-line headers and automatic
centering. Print or save all or any section of the text
buffer. Chain print any number of files from cassette
or disk.
File and I/O Features: ASCII format files —
create and edit BASIC, Assembly, Pascal, and C
programs, Smart Terminal files (for uploading or
downloading), even text files from other word
processors. Compatible with spelling checkers (like
Spell 'n Fix).
Cassette verify command for sure saves. Cassette auto-
retry means you type a load command only once no
matter where you are in the tape.
Read in, save, partial save, and append files with disk
and/or cassette. For disk: print directory with free
space to screen or printer, kill and rename files, set
default drive. Easily customized to the number of
drives in the system.
Editing features: Fast, full-screen editor with
wordwrap, block copy, block move, block delete, line
delete, global search and replace (or delete), wild card
search, fast auto-repeat cursor, fast scrolling, cursor
up, down, right, left, begin line, end line, top of text,
bottom of text; page forward, page backward, align
text, tabs, choice of buff or green background,
complete error protection, line counter, word counter,
space left, current file name, default drive in effect,
set line length on screen.
Insert or delete text anywhere on the screen without
changing "modes." This fast "free-form" editor
provides maximum ease of use. Everything you do
appears immediately on the screen in front of you.
Commands require only a single key or a single key
plus CLEAR.
...truly a state of the art word processor...
outstanding in every respect.
— The RAINBOW, Jan. 1982
PROFESSIONAL
WORD PROCESSING
You can no longer afford to be without the
power and efficiency word processing brings to
everything you write. The TRS-80 Color
Computer is the lowest priced micro with the
capability for serious word processing. And
only Telewriter-64 fully unleashes that
capability.
Telewriter-64 costs $49.95 on cassette, $59.95
on disk, and comes complete with over 70
pages of well-written documentation. (The step-
by-step tutorial will have your writing with
Telewriter-64 in a matter of minutes.)
To order, send check or money order to:
Cognitec
704 Nob Street
Del Mar, CA 92014
Or check your local software store. If you have
questions, or would like to order by Visa or
Mastercard, call us at (619) 755-1258
(weekdays, 8AM-4PM PST). Dealer inquiries
invited.
(Add $2 for shipping. Calif ornians add 6<Vo state tax. Allow 2
weeks for personal checks. Send self -addressed stamped
envelope for Telewriter reviews from CCN, RAINBOW,
80-Micro, 80-U.S. Telewriter owners: send SASE or call for
information on upgrading to Telewriter-64. Telewriter-
compatible spelling checker (Spell 'n Fix) and Smart Terminal
program (Colorcom/E) also available. Call or write for more
information.)
Apple II is a trademark of Apple Computer, Inc.; Atari is a
trademark of Atari, Inc.; TRS-80 is a trademark of Tandy
Corp; MX-80 is a trademark of Epson America, Inc.
Page 1 60
the RAINBOW
December, 1982
time you used the word "university," you now want it
capitalized. Well, the search command finds each instance
of "university" quickly and, on signal then immediately
searches for the next occurrence. That's an impressive
feature to use to show off your computer to your buddies.
Frankly, Telewriter has so many features, I am quite sure
I haven't even discovered many of them. Automatic page
numbering is one. The super formatting menu is another.
Best of all, for me anyway, is the documentation. That's our
last category of review.
Documentation
Wordclone's documentation is contained on a single S l / 2
X 1 1 sheet of paper f olded in half t o make f our pages. Micro-
Script' comes to 10 pages of single-spaced information —
quite a lot by most standards, but Telewriter 2. 0 has 8 1 pages
and is crammed with all the details anybody is likely to ever
need. That's not excessively long when you consider that
Telewriter has some 71 separate commands.
I prefer to have a manual and, while it took me a long time
to wade through the Telewriter tutorial, I felt reassured to
have all the details down on paper. I suppose if you're the
type who can't wait to get started, Wordclone may be your
answer; two minutes and you've absorbed it all. If you like
line-by-line instructions, Micro-Script has what you need.
But if you want every comment and "what if" explanation
imaginable, then Telewriter is the one for you.
Summary
Which one is the right one? Obviously, that depends on
your individual needs. (I always hate it when I read that
"well it depends" kind of statement, but it's unavoidable.)
Clearly, Telewriter is the streamlined program, but it can't
justify the right-hand margin while Micro-Script can.
Similarly, only Wordclone gives you real lower case
descenders. (A caveat here. While Wordclone and some
other programs on the market do provide "real" lower case
on the screen, that doesn't mean your printer will print it
that way; it just appears that way on the screen. It takes a
hardware modification to change the way a printer's
typeface looks.) And, lastly, Telewriter is a very
sophisticated program — thus it requires a sophisticated
user; you can't perform all the functions unless you've
studied the manual.
It should be noted, too, that both Wordclone and. Micro-
Script are in BASIC, while Telewriter is in machine
language. This certainly makes the former easier to
modify — but it also makes the latter faster. If you think
you'll be making modifications to the program you'll buy,
having that program in BASIC is a real plus.
A final piece of advice. Even if you have enough spare
change to go out and get all three programs, don't. Get one
and stick with it. The key to getting results is to standardize
and stick with a format you're familiar with. This reveiwer
just about went bananas as he switched from one program to
another — the commands are quite different, and with the
same command that cleaned . up overflow lines on one
program I managed to clean the entire program right out of
memory when I mistakenly tried it with another.
But, do try word processing if you've yet to try it. You'll
find yourself writing to old friends just to be able to use your
newest toy.
{Wordclone, 1MB, Illustrated Memory Banks, P.O. Box
289, Williamstown, MA 01267-0289, $18.95.
Micro-Script, Micro-80 Inc., 2665 N. Busby Road, Oak
Harbor, WA 98277, $24.05 (tape or disk)
Telewriter 2.0, Cognitec, 704 Nob Avenue, Del Mar, CA
92014, $49.95 (tape) or $59.95 (disk).)
You've invested a lot of time and money into your computer . . .
It's time that investment paid off!
THE COLOR ACCOUNTANT
The Programmer's Institute introduces THE COLOR ACCOUNTANT, the only complete personal financial package
specifically designed for the TRS-80 COLOR computer. This unique package includes:
1. Complete Checkbook Maintenance
2. Chart of Accounts Maintenance
3. Income/ Expense Accounts
4. Net Worth Statement
8. Home Budget Analysis
9. Decision Maker
10. Mailing List
5. Payments/ Appointments Calendar
6. Color Graph Design Package
(graphs any files)
7. Check Search
After the initial setup, THE COLOR ACCOUNTANT requires less than an hour of data input each month.
The checkbook maintenance program is the key to the entire package. Once your checkbook is balanced, the checkbook summary file will
automatically update the home budget analysis, net worth, and income/expense statements. You can then graph any file, record bills and
appointments, make decisions, print a mailing list, analyze various accounts or stocks, and even calculate taxes.
All programs are menu-driven and allow add/change/delete. Each file and statement can be listed to screen or printer, and saved to cassette
or diskette. THE COLOR ACCOUNTANT also comes with 40 pages of documentation that leads you step-by-step through the entire package.
The TRS-80 COLOR Ext. Basic requires 16K for this package. ($74.95 cassette, $79.95 diskette).
See your local dealer or order direct:
THE PROGRAMMER'S INSTITUTE
a division oj FUTL REHOUSE.
P.O. BOX 3191, DEPT. 1 R
C HAPEL HILL. NC 27514
The perfect supplement to THE COLOR ACCOUNTANT, The Tax Handler includes;
1. Complete Form 1040
2. Schedule A (Itemized Deductions)
3. Schedule G (Income Averaging)
This year let The Tax Handler prepare your taxes ($24.95 cassette, $29.95 diskette).
VISA
1-919-967-0861
10 AM - 9 PM. Man - Sat
December, 1982
the RAINBOW
Page 161
Software Review...
Gangbusters is "Gangbusters"
In This Reviewer's Opinion
If you've ever dreamed of living a life of crime,
Gangbusters is an excellent way to get started, keeping you
both safe and innocent!
First, the documentation gives you a complete glossary of
the Mafia language, which I had no earthly idea about.
Secondly, after loading the tape (Pricky-Pear used Sugar
Software's Auto Run program), it says it is 1920 and the
prohibition era has begun. Two to six players can play. It
asks the names of the players and, then, gets started. (There
are so many bells and whistles in this, I had to write most of
them down.)
You start out with $6000, and you can get more by buying
unions, bootleg operations, limos and the sort. Later on it
asks you the percentage rate on your operations. There is
one part I especially like — "Playing the Ponies," or in other
words, betting on horses. You pick the horse you want, place
your bet and they're off! I wish there was a graphic
simulation of this, but you can't have everything.
Another thing I'll mention is that the Juiceman can get
you into trouble, but that's all I'll say. I was sent a letter
about a week after the program arrived saying that
Gangbusters would not work on a 16K machine because of
bugs. Fortunately, I had a 32K machine, and it loaded okay.
I enjoyed Gangbusters very much and think you also will be
pleased.
(Prickly-Pear Software, 9822 E. Stella Road, Tucson,
AZ 85730 , $19.95 tape, $24.95 disk.)
— Andy Peters
Submitting Material
To the Rainbow
Contributions to the RAINBOW are welcome from
everyone. We like to run a variety of programs which will be
useful/helpful/fun for other CoCo owners.
Program submissions must be on tape or disk and it is best
to make several saves, at least one of them in ASCII format.
We're sorry, but we do not have time to key in programs. All
programs should be supported by some editorial
commentary, explaining how the program works. We're
much more interested in how your submission works and
runs than how you developed it. Programs should be
learning experiences.
We do pay f or submissions, based on a number of criteria.
Those wishing remuneration should so state when making
submissions.
For the benefit of those who wish more detailed
inf ormation on making submissions, please send a S ASE to:
Submissions Editor, the RAINBOW, P.O. Box 209,
Prospect, KY 40059. We will send you some more
comprehensive guidelines.
Please do not submit programs or articles currently
submitted to another publication.
Hint.
You can double the speed at which CoCo operates with a
simple POKE statement, entered either directly from the
keyboard or within a program. The statement is POKE
65495,0. This will speed up your CPU. You can return the
computer to its normal speed again by POKE 65494,0.
Note that you cannot perform any Input/ Output
operations (such as saving the program to cassette) when the
speedup is in effect.
Experience the
Magazine
of the Future .
The Programmer's Institute's magnetic magazines
will entertain, educate, and challenge you.
Each issue features ready-to-load programs ranging from
games, adventures, home applications and utilities to personal
finance, educational, and our unique teaching programs. Our
magazines include fully listable programs, a newsletter con-
taining descriptions and instructions for all programs, and notes
on programming techniques used.
TM
/•r the TRS-80 COLOR Ext. Basic
— ORDERING INFORMATION
Subscriptions* Cassette Diskette
$50.00 $75.00
$30.00 $45.00
$10.00 $15.00
* Add $2.00 postage and handling.
ALL SOFTWARE REQUIRES 16K.
Year
Vi Year
Trial Issue
"Received my f irst copy
. . . it's great! Please
rush to me one of each
back issue, so III have a
complete set. "
R.G., Chicago, IL
"Not only are the games
fun and the applications
useful, but the quality of
the programs is excellent. "
S.P., Midwest
Computer Software Sales
See your local dealer or order direct:
THE PROGRAMMER'S INSTITUTE
a division of FUTUREHOUSE
P.O. BOX 3191, DEPT. 1-R
CHAPEL HILL, NC 27514
FREE CATALOG AVAILABLE UPON REQUEST.
1-919-967-0861
10 AM -9 PM, Mon - Sat
Page 1 62
the RAINBOW
December, 1982
Software Review...
Dragonquest A Fun,
Frustrating Adventure
"Cowards die a thousand deaths, before their deaths, the
valiant taste of death but once."
Or, thatis,if they happen to beamong the brave who must
attempt to fend off every nasty creature imaginable as they
seek hidden treasures and work to rescue the maiden in
distress in a wide variety of personal computer Adventures.
But, every death has its reward; you always learn something
from the experience.
"Once killed, twice warned," has become my motto.
Recently, after having been killed maybe two dozen times in
Dragonquest!, my latest CoCo Adventure, it was with some
amusement that I realized that the source of my
bemusement was my total inability to reach the "Land of the
Dead." That's right, the only way to reach the Land of the
Dead is to stay alive; paradoxical, to say the most.
Dragonquest! offers some new dimensions to my
computer adventure experience. Among the verbs it
recognizes are ROW and FLY, for instance. In this
computer challenge, DRINK is neither a verb nor a noun,
but you may find yourself in the "drink."
Dragonquest! creater Charles Forsythe is full of tricks.
Few things in this adventure are what they first seem to be,
or to be used as one might first suppose. My best advice is
"think again" before doing anything that seems logical. But,
then what do I know? After fairly well conquering a sizable
portion of the realm, I found myself aimlessly wandering in
a dark forest with apparently no hope of getting to a
clearing.
I just knew that the Land of the Dead mentioned in the
IltUiU OF "FULLING THE FLUli ' 10 aStfpft) Q& AbVAtf<J£ YOUft CA £ b£ f TE 1
* Foot y-jjerflLcd switch overriden no^fniLKr control of your easn-
eCLi». SlBtpLy place your recorder in the made you wish (remind h
fast forward F etc*} and hit the switch. Ihe recorder will run
an long e s your tcu t 1 & on the 6Vf- tch ,
* The single most convenient hardware accessory yoV U fiver own r
Allows ft>r- mora efficient operation.
* Mo hardware or suftwsr
Into yyur recorder .
* Eliminates wL±3r and te
it plugs
Jacks*
* Easy to use and install (installs in less nban a minute with
Instruction* included) .
■* Cdn be used with any computer or cassette,
TO ORDER . Send $14^5 plus 52 .00 shipping U :
COKPUS WITCH, F.O, RQX 132, PCftT SCfcT T, KS . ub7Ql
Cashier checks or money ar-d*rs are the best means of peynietit&+-
Peraoaal checks will delay your order 2-3 weeks. Surry h no
C.O.D. Fhone order* call 1-316-223- 5375 Vise and Mastercard
accepted. Allow ZO weeks for delivery, t
documentation had to be somewhere inside that dark forest,
but, try as I might, I could not find it. So, I cheated. I printed
the entire listing and went over it with a red marking pen.
But cheaters never win do they? I did find out that there was
a big portion of the kingdom that I had not even begun to
explore — and, even with the listing at my side, I still couldn't
find it.
Having already demonstrated that I have no scruples, I
elected to try another bit of resourcefulness. I called the
phone number supplied with the instructions and got a
character who spoke in riddles. Called himself "Captain 80,"
if I heard him right. Must be a cousin of "Commander 80."
Claimed he wasn't Charles Forsythe, but that he could
answer any question I might have.
So, I asked him, "If a tree f rog f alls in the f orest, is there a
sound?" Well, he mumbled something about "one hand
clapping" and told me I had two more wishes. So, I wished
that he would tell me how to find the Land of the Dead. He
allowed as how that wouldn't be very sporting, but gave me a
hint or two that sent me off to adventure land again without
even remembering to use my third wish. I still have his phone
number though.
Dragonquest! doesn't have a whole lot of documentation.
About all you know to start with is that the dragon
"Smaegor," purportedly the Monarch of Dragonfolk, has
kidnapped the Princess of the Realm and you have to find
her and rescue her. Presumably, some sort of quid pro quo
will follow your daring rescue.
Well, folks, cheaters do sometimes win. Armed with a
listing printout and some long distance information, I
finally succeeded in rescuing that little gal from Samegor's
evil clutches and got her in my own. The kid didn't know
when she was well off. Before it was over, I had myself half of
the kingdom. Forsooth, Forsythe, you've been foiled again!
Those who are familiar with the adventure genre should
enjoy Dragonquest! The rest of you may have some heaping
helpings of frustration. Here's a hint: Adventure game
authors have absolutely no sense of syntax, and they almost
always speak in two-word sentences. Don't use any two-
dollar words, just speakum like this: "Eat food"; "Kill
shovel"; "Go potty ."You get the picture. Pretend you're in a
foreign country and you left your phrase book at home.
Good fun. Send money. Buy game.
(The Programmer's Guild Inc., P.O. Box 66,
Peterborough, NH 03458. Tape: $15.95, Disk: $21.95.)
—Jim Reed
About Your Subscription
Your copy of the RAINBO W is sent third class mail
and, for subscribers in the United States, the date of
mailing is printed on the label. If you do not receive
your copy by the 25th of any month, send us a card and
we will mail another immediately via first class mail.
You must notify us of a new address when you
move. Notification should reach us no later than the
15th of the month prior to the month in which you
change your address. Sorry, we cannot be responsible
for sending another copy when you fail to notify us.
Your mailing label also shows an "account number"
and the subscription expiration date. Please indicate
this account number when renewing or corresponding
with us. It will help us help you better and faster.
For Canadian and other non-U .S. subscribers, there
may be a mailing address shown that is different from
our editorial office address. Do not send any
correspondence to that mailing address. Send it to our
editorial offices at P.O. Box 209, Prospect, K Y 40059.
This applies to everyone except those whose
subscriptions are through our distributor in Australia.
December, 1982
the RAINBOW
Page 1 63
For These Three Friends
The Outcome's a Bit Dicey
By Bob Albrecht and George Firedrake
Rainbow Contributing Editors
We want to introduce three friends. They will assist us
now and in future issues. Each is a specialist. We want you to
meet
• Annalee Analyticus,
• Hieronymus Heuristicus, and
• Theodore Theoreticus.
Who are they? It is difficult for us to describe them.
Instead, you will get to know them by what they do on our
pages. Eventually you will know them, perhaps better than
we.
2D6
Last time we said, "If you roll two six-sided dice and add
the spots (or numbers), you will get a number from 2 to 12."
Then we asked, "How many ways to get 2, or 3, or 4, or any
possible number, up to 12?"
Annalee clarifies, "Think of rolling two dice, one green
and one red. The gree die can come up 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6.
Independently, the red die can come up 1,2, 3, 4, 5, or 6."
She pauses, then continues, "Of course, these are very
independent dice — green knows not what red does, nor does
red know the predilections of green."
C Annalee, must you j
C use such big words? I
r
6m_
V
Annalee glowers at Kilroy, then pursues her thought,
"For each possible role of green, there are six possible rolls
of red. So, I declare, there are 6 times 6, or 36 ways f or these
two dice to come up."
Perhaps because we looked perplexed, she wrote down
the 36 ways on a Taverna Athena napkin. Later, we were
able to read some of her inscriptions on the ale-stained
napkin, and reproduce them here for you.
SUM (GREEN + RED)
2
3
4
2
2
3
3
5
6
1
2
7
8
4
5
The rest of the napkin is illegible, stained and smeared.
Annalee's napkin gave us the idea for the following
program. It "rolls" all 36 possible combinations for two dice
and counts the number of times each sum, 2 through 12,
occurred.
Annalee shows the way
Listing GMA 4-1
100 REM ** ANNALEE SHOWS THE WAY
110 DIM COUNT < 12)
300 REM ** SET COUNTS TO ZERO
310 FOR K=2 TO 12
320 : COUNT <K> = 0
330 NEXT K
400 REM ** COUNT OUTCOMES
410 FOR GD=1 TO 6
420 S
430 :
440 5
+ 1
450 :
460 NEXT GD
FOR RD=1 TO 6
SUM = GD + RD
COUNT < SUM) = COUNT < SUM)
NEXT RD
600 REM ** TELL WHAT HAPPENED
610 CLS
620 PRINT "OUTCOME", "NUMBER OF
WAYS"
630 FOR K=2 TO 12
640 : PRINT K, COUNT <K>
650 NEXT K
999 END
As usual, our program is in blocks. Each block begins
with a REM statement. We usually begin a block with a line
number that is a multiple of 100. The above program has
blocks 100, 300, 400, and 600. We try to make our pgorams
Page 1 64
the RAINBOW
December, 1982
easy for people to read and understand. Let us know if this
helps you.
YOUR TURN. Write block 500 to compute the probability
of each outcome. Then modify block 600 so the CoCo prints
as follows:
OUTCOME WAYS PROBABILITY
Yes, you probably noticed? We want the probability
rounded to three decimal places.
Hieronymus Speaks
"That's very nice, Annalee," says Hieronymus, "and I see
how that would be true for perfect dice. However, if the dice
are not perfectly cubical, or perhaps worn a little, the
probabilities might be slightly different. And, we all know
about loaded dice! As for me, I like to find out from
experience, by actually rolling dice, just how they behave."
Hummmm . . . this got us wondering about how well the
computer simulated rolling 2D6. So we wrote a program we
think Hieronymus will like.
Listing GMA 4-2
100 REM ** HIERONYMUS ROLLS 2D6
110 DIM COUNT (12)
199 :
200 REM ** TALK TO A PERSON
210 CLS
220 INPUT "HOW MANY ROLLS"; SAMP
LESIZE
299 :
300 REM ** SET COUNTS TO ZERO
310 FOR K=2 TO 12
320 : COUNT (K) = 0
330 NEXT K
399 :
400 REM ** ROLLDICE, COUNT OUTCO
MES
410 FOR ROLL=l TO SAMPLES I ZE
420 : GOSUB 910
430 : COUNT (OUTCOME) = COUNT (OUT
COME) + 1
440 NEXT ROLL
499 :
600 REM ** TELL WHAT HAPPENED
610 PRINT
620 PRINT "OUTCOME", "FREQUENCY"
630 FOR K=2 TO 12
640 : PRINT K, COUNT (K)
650 NEXT K
699 :
700 REM ** TELL HOW TO DO AGAIN
710 PRINT
720 PRINT "FOR NEW SAMPLE, PRESS
ANY KEY"
730 IF INKEY* = "" THEN 730 ELSE
210
799 :
900 REM ** DICE SUBROUTINE
910 GD = RND ( 6 )
920 RD = RND (6)
930 OUTCOME = GD + RD
940 RETURN
999 END
This time we used a subroutine to "roll" the dice. This
allows us to easily change the program to roll different dice.
We suggest you save this program on cassette or disk. We
call it GMA 4-2 because it is the second program in part four
of Game Master's Apprentice.
Theodore suggests, "For a large SAMPLESIZE, this
program should produce results compatible with Annalee's
program. For example, let's try runs of 360 rolls and see if we
get numbers for each OUTCOME about ten times the
numbers from Annalee's program."
CANADIANS!
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We also have Computerware and
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Order Now or write for our
complete software list.
TABBY ENTERPRISES
Box 1353 R.R. 1
Yarmouth, Nova Scotia
B5A4A5
(902) 649-2965
December, 1982
the RAINBOW
Page 1 65
So we did. Here are results from three runs. For
comparison, we also show the numbers obtained by
multiplying Annalee's numbers by ten.
TEN TIMES
OUTCOME 1st RUN 2nd RUN 3rd RUN ANNALEFS
Theodore suggests, "Compare these PROPORTIONS
with the PROBABILITIES in Annalee's method (you did
do that, didn't you?). Try a large SAMPLESIZE, 1000 or
2000 or even 10000 (that will take awhile!)."
2
11
7
10
10
3
23
18
19
20
4
29
31
32
30
5
43
46
41
40
6
51
45
43
50
7
56
63
60
60
8
46
57
48
50
9
41
36
39
40
10
32
29
34
30
11
20
16
26
20
12
8
12
8
10
Your Turn Write block 500 to comute the proportion of
each OUTCOME during a run. Modify block 600 so the
information is printed as shown below for our 1st RUN
above.
OUTCOME
FREQUENCY
PROF
2
11
.031
3
23
.064
4
29
.081
5
43
.119
6
51
.142
7
56
.156
8
46
.128
9
41
.114
10
32
.089
11
20
.056
12
8
.022
How might unfair dice affect the PROBABILITIES or
PROPORTIONS? Try an unfair green die.
• GD + RND(7): IF GD + 7 THEN GD + 5
• GD + RND(8): IF GD is greater than 6 THAN GD + 4
• And others suggested by the above!
3D6
FOR A NEW SAMPLE, PRES ANY KEY
Extended BASIC
TRS-80 Color Computer
The Champagne of Software
For a Beer Budget !
Over 75 quality programs a year
for under 750 each! \
Ah, CHROMASETTE Magazine, the toast of the holiday
season . . . and any season' A subscription to CHROMASETTE
Magazine consists of 6 to 8 premium programs ON CASSETTE,
delivered by First Class Mail to you and your computer every month !
Tutorials, utilities, games, and practical programs to usher in a great
new computing year!
So, celebrate and get a subscription to CHROMASETTE
Magazine) Or just take a little sip and try a back issue.
The Bottom Line:
I year (12 issues)
6 months (6 issues)
Single Copies
The Fine Print:
All issues from July 1981
S45. 00 Calif, residents add 6% to single copies.
S25.00 North America — First Class postage included.
S 5.00 Overseas — add $10 to subscriptions and si to single copies
Sent AO rate.
MasterCard/ Visa
available — ask for list. Programs are for the Extended BASIC model and occasionally for disks
Magazine RO Box 1087 Santa Barbara, CA 93102 (805) 963-1066
Page 1 66
the RAINBOW
December, 1 982
In many role playing games, you create a Playing
Character (PC) by rolling 3D6 for each of several
characteristics, in "Game Master's Apprentice," we will use
characteristics compatible with the Rune Quest and Worlds
of Wonder game systems. They are listed below.
Strength (STR)
Constitution (CON)
Size (SIZ)
Intelligence (INT)
Power (POW)
Dexterity (DEX)
Charisma (CHA)
Dungeons' & Dragons
uses similar characteristics
Rolling 3D6 gives a number from 3 to 18 for each
characteristic. Expect to roll 9, 10, 1 1 or 12 about half the
time. These are "average" or "near average" rolls.
Annallee claims there are 6*6*6, or 2 1 6 ways f or the three
dice to come up. How many ways to get 3? How many ways
to get 4? How many ways to get 5? And so on.
YOUR TURN Write a program to compute the number of
ways each outcome (3 to 18) can occur when rolling 3D6.
Use the program called ANNALEE SHOWS THE WAY as
your guide. While you are at it, you might as well include
block 500 to compute the PROBABILITY for each
OUTCOME.
STILL YOUR TURN Modify the program called
HIERONYMUS ROLLS 2D6 to roll 3D6 and count
outcomes. We tink you will have to change only lines 100,
110, 310, 630, and the DICE SUBROUTINE. Of course,
you may want to also write block 500 com compute the
PROPORTION for each OUTCOME. Hieronymus
encourages you to do so.
ROLL A CHARACTER Relax, no mugging is intended.
We suggest you write a program to roll 3D6 for each of the
seven charactristics STR, CON, SIZ, INT. POW, DEX, and
CHA. Tell the CoCo to display the results as shown below.
STR
17
Barostan is big and strong,
CON
17
but not too bright. He is good
SIZ
13
to have on your side in a fight,
INT
8
if someone will tell him who to
POW
7
hit. He acts first, then thinks
DEX
15
later, if at all.
CHA
6
STR
13
Joleen is a clown, mime, acrobat,
CON
11
dancer, or whatever else might
SIZ
7
enterain an audience. She wants
INT
13
to travel with a troupe of
POW
8
wandering entertainers, and perform
DEX
17
at fairs and festivals. She will
CHA
13
charm you.
Barostan and Joleen are young and inexperienced. Both
are 16 years old. They live in a village near the town of
Triford in Wundervale.
Next time, we will show you our 3D6 programs in the
manners suggested by Annalee and Hieronymus. We will
also show our program to ROLL A CHARACTER.
What do you want? If it fits into the general idea of
"GameM aster's Apprentice," we might do it. Send your
requests to George & Bob, P.O. Box 3 10, Menlo Park, CA
94025. If you want a reply, enclose a self -addressed, stamped
envelope.
mms
START
COMPUTER PROGRAMS
TRS-90 MODEL 1/3 16K LEVEL II
TRS-80 16K COLOR
f3 FROG PACE §3
DEMO PROGRAM FROG RACE COMES ON CASSETTE WITH I
REFUND COUPON TO USE ON YOUR NEXT ORDER.
FROG RACE CASSETTE S3. WITH CATALOG
PAK NO.
DUO-PAK-1
DUO-PAK-2
DUO-PAK-3
DUO-PAK-4
DUO-PAK-3
DUO-PAK-6
DUO-PAK-7
DUO-PAK-8
DUO-PAK-9
DUO-PAK-10
DUO-PAK-1 1
DUO-PAK-1 2
DUO-PAK-1 3
DUO-PAKS ARE
PROGRAM SIDE
GONE FISHING
CRAPS
STARSHIP
TANK ATTACK
NUMBER GUESS
IN-BETWEEN
SAFARI
MORTAR BATTLE
TEASERS
PT BOAT
CHEK-CHES
THINK
TREASURE ISLAND
DUO-PAK-300 DC-OHMS LAW
DUO-PAK-301 IC-TIMER-1
tttt*********************************t*t**t****
SYSTEM PROGRAMS f 10 EACH
$10 EACH.
1 ✓ PROGRAM SIDE 2
/ CONCENTRATION
/ SLOT-MACHINE
' SHERLOCK HOLMES
' ASSOCIATION
' DICE ROLL
✓ SHELL GAME
✓ STARSHIP-2
s PU22LE
/ MOUSE
✓ TURTLE RACE
✓ STARSHIP-3
✓ LUCK i LOGIC
/ RESCUE
/ FLC-FRC
✓ IC-TIMER 2
SU1 CASSETTE COPY / CASSETTE COPY
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
ORDERS WILL BE SENT BY FIRST CLASS MAIL PPD.
SORRY NO COD' S
BE SURE TO SPECIFY WHICH COMPUTER YOU HAVE.
8. ERICKSON P.O. BOX 11099
CHICAGO, IL. 60611
ESCAPE
A 3-D GRAPHICS ADVENTURE WITH SOUND
(Machine Language for Fast Action)
This is NOT the usual "find the treasure" adventure. In
ESCAPE, you are trapped on the top floor of a
skyscraper and the only way out is by using a very
unusual elevator. You must give the elevator the
correct code or else the ride down is a real killer. The
maze-like halls seem to cometo life due to the fantastic
3-D graphics. Search the hallsfor rooms which contain
clues to the correct code. Clues must be deciphered to
learn the elevator's secret code. Game times depends
on the skill of the player, but it is typically 8-10 hours.
ESCAPE is suitable for group play. A mentally
stimulating experience.
16K BASIC $17.95
UE CASSETTE CA
RECIPE FILE
A CASSETTE BASED STORAGE AND
RETRIEVAL SYSTEM
This program permits storage of your favorite recipes
for retrieval by your computer. Once a recipe has been
recalled, then the computer can adjust the ingredient
measure for serving the desired number of persons.
Each recipe can contain special comments on
preparation as well asthefull instructionsforusing the
recipe. Included is a line oriented text editor for
creating and editing the variable length files.
Completely menu driven and very user friendly. Easily
modified by the user for use in keeping track of record,
coin or stamp collections or whatever your interest.
Screen or printer output.
16K Ext. BASIC $21.95
SPECIAL: A collection of 30 recipies covering main
meals to snacks. Only $3.95 with program.
F THREE ATEMS PROM THIS AO
SQUIRE
SQUIRE is a challenging game of
asset management. The player must
manage a country estate and contend
with crop failure, investment losses,
taxes and other such headaches. The
object of the game is to increase the
estate's value while providing for the
peasant workers. The starting assets
are computer selected so that each
game offers different challenges.
Great experience for the kids or
aspiring executives.
16K Ext. BASIC $14.95
HOUSEHOLD EXPENSE
MANAGER
This menu driven program package is
designed for creating and
maintaining a data file on cassette of
30 household expense categories for
a 12-month period. It also keeps
cumulative totals and a separate total
of tax deductable expenses. A
comparative analysis program
provides a graphic presentation of
relative expenses between any two
months during the year. The user can
change categories by modifying
program code. Screen or printer
output.
16K Ext. BASIC $19.95
FLIPPER
A fun and challenging version of the
Othello™ type board games. This
version includes options for play
solely by the computer, one player
against the computer, or two players
against each other. The computer
can play on four skill levels. Very
colorful with plenty of sound. Fun for
kids and challenging for adults. Great
for parties.
16K Ext. BASIC $15.95
COLOR
SOFTWARE
SERVICES
P.O. BOX 1 708, DEPT. R
GREENVILLE, TEXAS 7540I
INCLUDE $2.25 HANDLING PER ORDER
WRITE FOR FREE CATALOG
DEALER INQUIRES INVITED
TELEPHONE ORDERS
(214) 454-3674
9-4 Monday-Saturday
VISA/MASTERCARD
Page 168
the RAINBOW
December, 1 982
New Color Computer Products
* Universal Program 1 (UP-1) ★
The Program Stacking Program. UP-1 allows
several programs to be loaded until the memory is
filled. Quickly jump from one program to another
or compose new ones while retaining the old ones.
Programs included for patching damaged
programs. UP-1 also allows text to be stored in
memory and printed on an external
printer. Cassette $14.95
★ Disassembler-Assembler (DISASM) ★
Using English mnemonics and decimal locations,
DISASM is a quick way to learn to assemble machine
language programs. Analyze the CC ROMS plus ML
programs with the disassembler. Cassette $19.95
★ Dynamic Word Processor (DYWORD) ★
Organize text into remark statements with DYWORD's
machine language subroutine, which quickly prints to
screen or an external printer. Use the LIST command to
quickly review the text. Only the start and ending
statement numbers need be entered for execution. No
more arrays, CHR$(N), PRINT#-2, or other awkward
commands are required. Enter exactly what you want
printed in the statements, including printer control
commands. Allows printing form letters, purchase
orders, personal and business letters. No extra memory
is required and the Basic Control Program is easily
modified. Cassette $24.95
16K Computer Required Programs Do Not Require Ext. Basic
Game Cartridge Modifications
* Dynamic Interrupt Modification (DIM) *
This modification includes adding a push button
which, when engaged, causes an interrupt. The
computer then runs a machine language subroutine
after which it returns to its previous task. Examples
include printing the characters on the screen to an
external printer and saving the screen to memory. The
Auto Start feature is disabled and the game is run by
EXEC 49152. Example programs are included. Send
Cart & $15.95.
* EPROM Socket Addition (ESA) *
This modification involves adding a socketand switch
to select the EPROM or game. A 4K or less Basic or
machine language program can be placed in the
EPROM. Send Cart and $18.95.
Both DIM and ESA updates to the same cart for only
$29.95.
EPROM PROGRAMMING
You can run your Basic programs from an EPROM
installed in a game cartridge and save all your computer's
memory for other purposes. The program cannot be
destroyed and is instantly avai lable. If your program is 4K or
less we will program it for $10, plus $10 for the EPROM.
Reprogramming fee is $10. Send two copies of your
program on a cassette.
Programming Service
We write programs for business, scientific uses or
educational purposes. Send as much detail as possible pi us
$10 to cover our evaluation expensesand we will send you a
quote.
VISA and MC Cards accepted Add $1 for programs, $2 for mods s/h
DYNAMIC ELECTRONICS
P. O. Box 896 (205) 773-2758
Hartselle, AL 35640
Hardware Review...
A Look At The New
Radio Shack Graphic Printer
Here at Prickly-Pear Softwear we have a new printer on
the staff — the Radio S hack model CGP- 1 1 5 Color Graphics
Printer (stock number 26-1192). It's a tiny little fellow,
measuring about eight by eight inches, standing less than
three inches high, and weighing in at less than two pounds.
The capabilities are not small at all, however, and we have
been very happy with it overall.
It isn't exactly a printer in the truest sense of the word,
because it actually draws everything with teensy ball point
pens (about an inch long). It really is a plotter, and if you get
tired of letters and numbers it will also draw circles, boxes,
or most any other shape you can program. Using it to plot
like this is very much like plotting on one of the high
resolution PMODE screens with the DRAW statement. By
the way, there are four of these teensy little pens, so if you
tire of black you can select red, blue, or green. With
considerable effort, you could draw landscapes right on the
printer in four colors!
Much of the power of the little printer/ plotter stems from
the fact that it has its own language built right in, with a
whole bunch of commands you can use to draw or print in
any of the four colors, draw letters and numbers in 65 sizes,
and print in any direction on the paper. It will draw letters as
small as 80 across a four inch page, or as large as one across
the same four inches.
Remember now, this is a printer/plotter, with emphasis
on the plotter. Naturally it will do listings of programs and
other such mundane chores, but if that's all you need a
printer for, you would probably be better off with an
inexpensive dot-matrix line printer. For ordinary printing
and listing, the disadvantages of the CGP-115 are several.
First, it only prints four inches wide, so word processing is
out unless you want to mail your mother a letter that looks
like a scroll. Second, it is slow — very slow, and the rated
speed is overly optimistic, particularly with a serial
interface. Also, the rating doesn't take into account
linefeeds, which this printer does very slowly. Third, the
pens have a fairly short life, and you must remember to
remove and cap them when you aren't using the printer, or
they will dry out.
On the plus side, remember that the printer/plotter was
never intended to replace a line printer. The quality of the
printing is very good, and also copies nicely, and the printer
must be the quietest I have ever experienced. That was a big
plus indeed to me, as I tend to go for a walk when the line
printer is busy. For programmers like me, who keep using a
line number until it is worn out, the buffer in this printer will
easily handle even a full 255 byte program line.
All in all, the little guy does a great job with all of its
graphic functions, and has resolution down to .2
millimeters. (That's less than 1 / 100 of an inch). It will draw
any shape you can program, in color, and will even do a
good job of listings and other line prnter tasks if you are in
no big hurry. If your needs include word processing or
address labels (the printer takes it own special roll of paper)
then forget it, but otherwise, it's a good all-purpose little
machine, and the least expensive printer (at list) that I've
seen. Naturally, you could just get several printers for
different uses.
®
PRODUCTS FOR THE
COMPUTERWARE
COLOR COMPUTER
Radio Shack or TDP-100
HOME & WORK
HOME & WORK
HOME & WORK
3D DRAWING BOARD
Draw a simple or complex
object in three dimensions,
then rotate, change
elevation, size & distance of
your object. Educational &
entertaining. Extensive
documentation, including
examples & sample
drawings,
cassette. . .$24.95
disk. . .$29.95
ADDRESS FACTORY
Computerize your mailing
list for church, business, or
clubs. This stores Name,
Address, City, State, Zip, &
Special Code for each
person. You can add,
change, or delete
information and print either
mailing labels or lists. 255
names on disk, 125 on 32K
cassette, or 55 on 16K
cassette,
cassette. . .$17.95
disk. . .$22.95
THE COLOR
CONNECTION
This is the easiest land most
complete modem package
available for the Color
Computer.
* Supports both full & half
duplex
* You designate the
required parity
* MACROS for log-on &
auto dial
* Requires only 16K
* Big buffer for upload &
download
* Line wrap does not break
words
* 300 baud
cassette. . .$29.95
disk. . .$39.95
SEMI DRAW
Your computer's keyboard
or joystick draws in 8 colors
with semi alpha graphics 8,
12, 24. You can do
animation and dump your
screen's picture to a printer
(Line Printer VII or VIII,
NEC 8023A). From 6 years
and up!
cassette. . .$21.95
COLOR SCRIBE
WORD PROCESSOR
Scribe is the perfect word
processor as well as a great
programmer's editor.
Features include: fast
change, search, insert, &
delete; move & copy of a
line or whole paragraphs;
text formatting with margin
justification, automatic
paging, centering, tabs,
headings, & footings. You
can edit files larger than
memory. Works with LCA-
47 lower case adapter.
Radio Shack Disk. . .$49.95
COLOR DATA
ORGANIZER
CDO is a little data base
system for small inventory
ideas, remember lists, serial
numbers, etc. It stores,
retrieves, sorts, prints, &
totals whatever you want
within the two 9 digit
numeric and two 16
character string entries,
cassette. . .$19.95
disk. . .$29.95
FINANCE PROGRAMS
Two great programs, each
with nine options covering
loans and investments,
cassette. . .$17.95
disk. . .$22.95
HOME MONEY
MANAGER
Organize your income &
expenses! Not only can you
balance your checkbook
but get reports like
summary of expenses or
income for the month by
category. Records up to 480
transactions by date, "paid-
to", check number, account
number, and amount,
cassette. . .$19.95
COLOR
COMPUTER
Memory Expansion
Books • Suppllos
Accossorlos
TO ORDER:
Add shipping of
$2 surface or $5
air/Canada. Visa
& MasterCard
accepted.
Dealer Inquires Invited
COMPUTERWARE
®
Computerware is a trademark of Computerware.
call or write
Box 668
Encinitas, Ca. 92024
(714) 436-3512
Page 1 70
the RAINBOW
December, 1982
Our plotter seems well built, and while I'm no printer
engineer, it has given absolutely no trouble in extensive use.
For those of you with more than one computer in your
collection, this one has both RS-232 serial and Centronics
parallel ports, and will thus interface with almost any
computer.
Below is a little program for use with the CGP-115. It
draws solid and open circles, boxes of various sizes, and
some fancy bold face lettering. Just RUN the program and
follow the menu to select the function you want. It will be
self-explanatory.
(Available at all Radio Shack dealers and stores)
-Bill Nolan
10 PR I NT#-2 , CHR$ < 1 8 ) : FOR X=l TO
2000:next:print#-2, "m0,-175"
20 cls : pr i nt@66 , " 1 . boxes " : pr i nt
©130, "2. circles" : print6194, "3.
sol i d c i rcles " : pr i nt@258 ,"4. bol
dface h :k*=inkey*
30 k*=inkey*:k=val<k*> : if k<i or
k>4 then 30 else sound 150, 1: on
K GOTO 1000,2000,3000,4000
1000 PRINT#-2, "H"
1010 CLS: INPUT "HOW WIDE A BOX";X
1020 PRINT: INPUT "HOW LONG" ; Y: Y=Y
f *-l
1030 print: input "what type line"
;t
1040 PRINT#-2, "L";T
1050 PRINT#-2, "D";X",0, "X", "Y",0
, " Y" , 0, 0"
1060 PRINT#-2, "M0, "Y-250
DESERT SOFTWARE
PRICKLY-PEAR SOFTWARE 15% OFF ALL LIST
Viking*
Gang Buster
Football
I Ching
Numerology
Tarot
Tirlogy (I Ching,
Numerology, Tarot)
19.95
19.95
19.95
19.95
19.95
19.95
16.95
16.95
16.95
16.95
16.95
16.95
39.95 3395
Astrology' 34.95 29.95
Great Word Game* 19.95 16.95
Household Helper 19.95 16.95
Math Pack 1 19.95 16.95
Pre-Read 24 95 21.94
Song Book (w/tapes) 29.95 25.95
Fantasy Games Pk 19.95 16.95
Fantasy Games Pk 39K 24.95 21.95
Sugar Software
Silly Syntax 19.95
Additional S.S. Tapes 9 95
Fairy Tales
Sing Along Buy 3
X-Rated and get
Current Events 10%
Adventure OFFI
Potpourri
Auto Run 14.95
Aardvark Products
Battle Fleet 9.95
Killer Bot 13.95
Labyrinth 14.95
Space Zapper 14,95
Time Trek 14.95
Escape from Mars 14.95
Pyramid 14.95
Quest 14.95
Trak Adventure 14.95
Circle World 14.95
Nuclear Sub 14 95
Venture 1995
AARRGG 12.95
Tube Frenzy 19.95
Derelict 14.95
Breakaway 995
Space Battler 12.95
Golf 9.95
Writing Adventures 5.00
Computer Island
Circus 10.00
School Maze 10.00
Name That Song
(I, II, III) 10.00 each
4K
Silly Sentences
Silly Stories
Poetry
Wizard
Apartment House Mystery
Eigen Systems
Basic Aid (cart.)
Stripper
ccead
Clock
Money
Math Fact
ABC's
B5 Company
6.00
6.00
6.00
6.00
6.00
34.95
7,95
6.95
24.95
19.95
16.95
9.95
JARB Software
Dual Joystick Unit 35.95
+ 4.00 shipping
Terms: Cash, money order, your personal checks welcome. No waiting to clear.
Shipping - $2.50 per order except where noted. Arizona resident add 4% sales tax.
We reserve the right to change prices without notice. All programs 16K Ext. except
where noted. *VIC-20 compatable. State computer when ordering.
Desert Software
P.O. Box 502, Cortaro, AZ 85230 • (602) 744-1252
1070 PRINT#-2, "I"
1075 PRINT#-2, "L" ;0
1080 GOTO 20
2000 PRINT#-2, "I"
2010 INPUT "WHAT RADIUS" ;R
2020 FOR Z=-R TO R
2030 X=Z+R
2040 Y=SQR<R*R-Z*Z>
2050 PRINT#-2, "D"; X", "; Y
2060 NEXT
2070 PRINT#-2, "H":FOR Z=-R TO R:
X=Z+R
2080 Y=SQR<R*R-Z*Z>
2090 PRINT#-2, "D";X", "; <Y-Y*2>
2100 NEXT: PRINT#-2, "H"
2110 PRINT#-2, "M0, "R-250:PRINT#-
2, "I":GOTO20
3000 INPUT "WHAT RADIUS" ;R
3030 FOR Z=-R TO R
3040 X=Z+R
3050 Y=SQR<R*R-Z*Z>
3060 PRINT#-2, "D"; X", "; Y
3070 PR I NT#-2 , " D " ; X " , " ; < Y-Y*2 )
3080 NEXT: PRINT#-2, "H"
3085 PR I NT#-2 , " M0 , " R-250 : PR I NT#-
2, "I"
3090 GOTO 20
4000 INPUT "LETTER SIZE";S
4005 INPUT "HOW BOLD < 1-6)"; XX
4006 IF XX>6 OR XX<1 THEN 4005
4010 PRINT#-2, "S";S
4020 LINE INPUT "PR I NT WHAT? ";P*
4030 FOR X=0 TO XX: PRINT#-2, "M" ;
X; ",0"
4050 PR I NT#-2 9 " P " ; P* : PR I NT#-2 , " H
ii
4052 NEXT
4055 PR I NT#-2 , " M0 , -200 " : PR I NT#-2
ii j ii
4060 GOTO 20
DON'T GET CAUGHT BY A
PRICE INCREASE
The annual subscription rate for the Rainbow
will increase on January 1, 1983. You can still
renew your subscription— and avoid the
added cost— by sending in a renewal in
advance.
Any one-year renewal (or new subscription)
postmarked by or before December 31, 1982,
can take advantage of present rates. After
that, the new rate will be in effect.
U.S. subscriptions will increase from $16 to $22,
Canadian and Mexican rates increase $7.
Other foreign rates will go up proportionately.
December, 1982
the RAINBOW
Page 171
Software Review...
Colorshow
Just So-So, CoCo
Speed kills, they say; and along that same line o f contention,
mediocrity disappoints.
It's not that Colorshow is really devoid of merit, but, to
me, my head full of the anticipation of dramatic graphics,
building and swirling across my monitor screen in time to
the strains of a favorite opus, it was ...,well, a bit of a
letdown. Honestly.
Colorshow might work well with Rock & Roll, but I don't
know that. All I had available at the time I ran the program
was a Hayden cello concerto.
There were no swirls, or stabs of light to fill the screen,
but, on a predominately black background, there appeared
a fairly-repetitious series of rectangles and crossed-
diagonals, developing and dissolving in a way that, while
keyed in some fashion to the impulses from my sound tape,
were not really that much in time with the music.
Now, even though Colorshow left me less than thrilled, it
does have some features of interest that I should point out. It
will respond to any sound coming from the computer
cassette cable, allowing you to plug into any radio or
recorder. The instructions warn you, however, to stay with a
low-level source, such as an earphone jack. The program
also has variable response sensitivity, allowing you to adapt
to different sound sources.
(Hume Design, 4653 Jeanne Mance Street, Montreal,
Quebec, Canada H2V 475, $14.95)
—Courtney Noe
Corrections
There may have been some misunderstanding on use of
the S AILDAT program listing f rom the SAILOR program.
Here is a rundown on the correct way to use it:
1. Load S AILDAT but do not RUN it.
2. Place a blank tape in your recorder. Press PLAY and
RECORD.
3. RUN S AILDAT. This makes a data tape.
4. Load SAILOR but do not run it yet.
5. Put the data tape you just made with the SAILDA T
program into the recorder. Press PLAY.
6. Run SAILOR. It will loadthedata from the tape you
just made.
Once you have made the data tape, you do not need to
make another. Just use the data tape when you run the
SAILOR program,
This procedure should also be employed with the
Rainbow On Tape version of the program.
In the 64K upgrade for the "D" revision Board, the
instruction which says to jumper pin 9 of U 10 to pin 35 of
U10 was incorrect. While it will not damage your system,
you should, instead, jumper pin 9 of the R AMs to pin 35 of
io. ■■■■■■■■i^HMHl^MMIr ,
In the November issue, the Shades of PMODE 1 and 3
contains two errors.
In the title, the number 2 should have been a 3.
In line 20 of the first short program, the letter L should
have been the number 1 .
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YOU'LL FORGET YOU'RE IN YOUR OWN HOME WHEN YOU PLAY.. .
OunfeeyMunkey A »° STARFIR€
RAINBOW
CERTIFICATION
S£AL
32K
To conquer the Munkey:
Climb ladders, jump girders and fight fires on the first
screen, jump barrels and ride elevators on the second.
CASSETTE $24.95
16K
Fly around the planet's surface defending it's
inhabitants from being carried away by alien ships.
CASSETTE $21.95
ULTRA-FAST MACHINE LANGUAGE B HIGH RESOLUTION GRAPHICS ■ SENSATIONAL SOUND EFFECTS
IntellEctranics
MAKE CHECK PAYABLE TO INTEUECTRQN.CS
22 CHURCHILL LANE, SMITHTOWN, NY 11787
N.Y. Residents Please Add Sates Tax. We Pay Shipping.
Dealer Inquiries Invited.
z
FOR YOUR TRS-80 COLOR COMPUTER
TNE TRS-80 USERS JOURNAL
If you own a TRS-80® Model I, Model II,
Model III, the Color Computer, or the new
Pocket Computer, YOU NEED 80-U.S.!
The 80-U.S. Journal has
programs for your enjoyment and enlightenment.
Every issue contains several Basic or machine
language program listings. It contains Business
articles and program listings. No matter where you
are, there is something for YOU in the Journal!
and...
The Journal contains reviews of hardware and software. Our "Evaluation
Reports" will help you make the best choice in selecting additions to your
system.
Save Over 50%
You can save over 50% off the cover price of 80-U.S. Journal. For the
remarkably low price of only $16.00, a savings of $20.00 (cover price), you
will receive a wealth of useful information every month. As a special
BONUS, if you enclose payment with your order, you will receive an
extra issue for each year of your subscription order. Order three years of
80-U.S. and receive three extra issues! At no cost to you!
Is your
TRS-80
Lonely?
Write today for
■
Name
Address.
City
Visa/MC
SEND TO:
80-U.S. Journal
3838 South Warner Street
Tacoma, Washington 98409
Phone (206) 475-2219
State.
Zip
our
■
■
Exp. Date.
December, 1 982
the RAINBOW
Page 1 73
Software Review...
Railrunner Flies
While Frog-Man Hops
Of these two programs, Railrunner and Frog-Man,
Railrunner is definitely the handsome prince, while Frog-
Man is, well, just a frog.
In all fairness, I must point out that Frog-Man, which
costs considerably less than the Computer ware off ering, was
written by a young novice to the commercial software field,
and does much more to point out his future potential than to
provide us with a quality game in its current f orm. The areas
of the game I feel most critical of are its player control (my
frog got squashed almost every time in the first lane of
traffic) and graphics (a bit primitive). The sound is good,
however, and I feel that with a couple of leaps in the
program, this one could hop on up. Computer Island ought
to be congratulated for seeking out and encouraging such
young talent.
Railrunner, on the other hand, and in my opinion, has
arrived at the level necessary to be competitive in an ever-
growing field of quality, arcade-game software. It has
excellent graphics, good color and sound, and nicely-
programmed action.
The action field consists of a series of horizontal tracks,
endlessly patrolled by train engines and handcars, which the
Railrunner must decend until he reaches, and zaps, Herman
Hobo at the bottom of the field. You play against time, while
trying to dodge the trains and handcars, and are given a
ticking clock at the top of the screen, along with a score
display. The four directional-arrows control your moves.
Railrunner requires 16K to play, and is a machine-language
program.
(/?af7ru/i/ierComputerware, Box 668, £ncinitas,CA
92024,$21.95 on tape, $26.95 disk.
Frog-Man: Computer Island, 227 Hampton Green,
Staten Island,NY 10312, $11.95 on tape.)
— Courtney Noe
Hint . . .
Finding ML Addresses
You can find the address of a machine language program
by PEEKing several addresses in memory. Those addresses
are:
To find the start address, use the command PEEK
(487)*256 + PEEK(488)
To find the end address, use the command
PEEK(126)*256 + PEEK(127)-1
To fine the execute address, use PEEK (157)*256 +
PEEK(158)
With all of these commands, you must ask CoCo to
PRINT the addresses as well as work out the formula. You
can use the commands either in a program or in direct mode
from the keyboard.
SUPERIOR
ORACLE SOFTWARE
PRESENTS
THE C C QUBE
A MAGIC CUBE SIMULATION FOR THE COLOR COMPUTER
FEATURING
* Easy to use commands
•Fast uses machine language routines
* Random mixes
* Undo moves or random mixes
* See ail 6 faces
* Save QUBE to tape for later reload
•Only $14.95
RAINBOW
Hi
Send Check or MO to:
SUPERIOR ORACLE SOFTWARE
POBo* 450S
Greenwich, Conn. 06830
Conn, residents add 7 1 > M >ales tax
Shipping and handling included
Personal checks require
2 weeks to clear
No C.O.O.s
Requires 16K Extended Basic
r
HARMONYCS
P.O. BOX 15 73
SALT LAKE CITY r UTAH
84110
CAME SET I <4K & UP) $7.33
THREE GAMES ON ONE CASSETTE. 'FRENZY'-
rainbow R WORD GRME. ' MASTERCODE-* - LIKE MASTER
MINDC tm SEVEN-ELEVEN' ~R DICE GRME
OF SKILL RND CHANCE.
9<mrc4itON
MONEY MINDER II <16K) $8.95
Z^SfiR CRSSETTE BRSED PERSONRL FINANCE PRO-
rainbow GRAM. UP TO 36 USER DEFINABLE BUDGET
""ST" CATEGORIES. PRINTOUT CAPABILITY. MENU
DRIVEN - EASY TO USE.
x PRESCHOOL PRK < 16K EXT. BASIC; $6.95
T WO PRESCHOOLER LEARNING GAMES ON ONE
rainbow CASSETTE. MAKES USE OF HI -RES GRAPHICS
AND SOUND. CONTAINS ALHPABET DRILL 8*
COUNTING DRILL. THE KIDS THINK IT'S A
GAME. IT IS I
ClKr*IC*T>ON
■UL
COLORHYTHM C 16K EXT. BASIC >
♦ 9,95
EXCELLENT USE OF HI -RES GRAPHICS. BIO-
RHYTHMS PLOTTED FOR 15 DAYS.
SISI U6K EXT. BASIO $9.95
SI SI THE FORTUNE TELLING COMPUTER USES
INPUT TO DETERMINE A
YOU
SiSSS? D*TA THAT
CHARRCTER READING FOR YOU.
ORDERS SHIPPED POSTPAID. NO COD ORDERS
J
Page 1 74
the RAINBOW
December, 1982
Software Review...
Laser Tank Duel
A Blast for Two
*Enemy tank sighted along corridor four. Mayday!
Mayday!"
As the message of sudden danger crackles over the
wireless a great white flash goes off. We've suffered a direct
hit from the enemy's laser cannon and have been blown to
smithereens — at least for a split-second. Just as abruptly,
all's back to normal. Except now, hovering over the field of
battle is the number T in the enemy's score box. We will
keep springing back to life like this, to do battle, until one
side scores eight hits. That ends the game.
The sound effects, like the radioed distress call, were
purely imaginary, as Laser Tank Duel runs silently. And
though some sound would be nice, I found the game to be
quite absorbing without any. Also, the graphics are in
stylized form, but well done.
The main screen consists of a grid of avenues, along which
the two tanks maneuver through 64 intersections. A varying
number of 'mines' float through the avenues, absorbing laser
blasts and rendering them harmless; they do no damage to
either tank, however.
Laser Tank plays by keyboard control, with the left player
controlling vertical moves with the up /down arrows,
horizontal moves with the C Q' and 'W keys, and cannon fire
with the 'Z' key. The right player uses the left and right
arrows for horizontal moves, the *P' and keys for vertical
maneuvering, and fires his laser cannon with the key.
Good hand and eye coordination are a must for smooth
play, but fortunately the difficulty exists in equal degree for
your opponent.
Laser Tank Duel is simple, fun, and comes with clear,
straightforward instructions.
(Renaissance Game Designs, P.O.Box 1232, Montclair,
NJ 07042, $15.95 on tape, $19.95 disk.)
— Courtney Noe
GET YOU
OFF.YOU
Bugs in your programs can really get under your skin. Especially when they've
been bugging you for longer than you'd like to think. Va *J^L
So get your bugs off your hands. And onto somebody else's.
Pack them off to DeBug. (On cassette, thank you.) With a description of where you
were going. And where you got stuck. If it's an interesting enough program, we'll send it to
people who like to stomp on other people's bugs.
If somebody can get all the bugs out of your 16K Extended Basic CoCo program,
we'll try to sell it. And everyone shares the profits.
Send $5 per entry. Or $9 for a sample cassette of
20 or so very buggy programs. Or $12 for both.
DEBUG
114 West Central St.
Natick, MA 01760
NOW THERE ARE TWO TOOLKITS FOR THE COLOR COMPUTER
The software development tools that let you put even more power into the already
powerful Color Computer. They're full of tools, aids, bells and whistles useful to the BASIC
or MACHINE LANGUAGE programmer, in friendly, easy-to-use software packages.
BOTH TOOLKITS CONTAIN . . .
• Light characters on dark background with Current Line Highlighting; or normal characters
• Full Screen Editor with Arrow Key controlled cursor; open up space/delete and close up space
• Enabling selective Line Renumber/copy/move/merge; or normal Extended Basic line editor
• Protect the current BASIC program from being wiped out with a CLOAD, NEW etc.; or from being LISTed
• Restore a protected BASIC program/Append any number of BASIC programs together easily
• Tone on keypress or normal silent keys (Tone modifiable by use of Sound an Command)
• Global Search of command or text strings in BASIC programs with wildcard character and next "."
• 9 Screen Print Delays with keyboard override (for slow, readable LISTings and DISK Dl Rectories)
• Variable Name List/String-Byte memory usage/Range of FREE MEM/Top of memory address display
• Fast Machine Code to BASIC DATA converter for storing machine code visibly in BASIC
• (C)SAVEM address/Backup Tool (Last file name, start end and execute address)
• Recovery of Lost BASIC programs after NEW, BACKUP, DSKINI, etc.
• Break Key Disable/Enable (Pause keys still available)
• Modified TRON display (IN replaces (LN)
THE FULL TOOLKIT ALSO CONTAINS . . .
□ Merge BASIC with Machine Code routines so machine code is "invisible" and (C)SAVE/(C)LOADable
□ 9 BASIC RUN delays with keyboard override; Single Step(s) mode with current line number display
□ Memory Examine/Modify with HEX/ASCII/DEC/Double Decimal output and HEX/ ASCII input
□ Memory Block Move for relocating machine code programs, DATA blocks, etc.; or the Kit itself
□ Ten User Defined Function Keys accessable with @/number (BASIC Macros/Block storage)
□ Automatic linefeed for printers that don't/double space LISTings; or normal PRINT
□ Delete all spaces (not in PRINT strings, DATA or REMARK lines)
□ ASCII/HEX memory Dumps to screen or printer
□ Delete all REMarks (either REM or ' type)
□ Parallel ECHO of screen output to printer
THESE FEATURES ARE FOUND ON BOTH VERSIONS . . .
— Transparent to the user, Install it and forget it until you need it
— BASIC runs up to one-third faster through the Toolkit (5-10% typical)
— HELP command lists all Kit commands and current Kit address
— Same program works with tape or disk and in 16 or 32K
— Entire system totally removable at any time
— Compatible with other utility programs
— Green/Orange text screen capability
— Easily modifiable command syntax
The Kits are relocatable programs that load any time without bothering your BASIC program or variables or top of
memory address. All tools may be turned on or off at will, including the Kit itself.
The tools are available with simplethreeor four letter commands entered in the direct mode, with the entire instruction
set viewable through the HELP command.
The Colorkit is 5K bytes for $29.95 rainbow The Microkit is 2.5K bytes for $27.95
Available on disk with handy BASIC Kit loader for additional $5 "T™" Manual available separately for $5
THE GOOD LIFE $16.95
The Classic Game of Life With:
• 64x64 color symmetrical display
• 3 Selectable birth and old age colors
• 15 modifiable pre-programmed
patterns
• Save/Load life screens to tape/disk
• Speeds from 8 gen/sec to 1 a second
• Joystick or arrow key input
• Written in user-modifiable BASIC
• With machine code LIFE processor
• Help screen command list
• Tape/Disk compatible
• Selectable color sets
• Y&X axis wraparound ~S
THE DISK COMMANDER $1 9.95
Disk File Utility with:
• One key vlew/copy/load(m) of flies
• Two key kill/rename of files
• Sort directory on name/extension
• Pack directory so newfiles put at end
• Directory keyword search of filename
• Print DIR with machine code address
• Recover killed files
DEER HUNT $15.95
• Arcade shoot-em-up skill game
• Aim only for the deer
• Avoid hitting people, cars, train
• Will not cause tension headache
• BASIC/machine code hybrid
• Tape/Disk compatible
ARIZIN
P. O. Box 8825
Scottsdale, AZ 85252
COLOR PRODUCTS UNALIKE
#2931 Euclid Ave.
Vancouver, B.C.
Canada V5R-5C5
(604) 438-2864
Everything for the TRS-80® Color Computer
YSTEMS CORP.
I -
TRS-80*
COLOR BASIC
AND EXTENDED
SYSTEM REFERENCE CARD
'NEW* NEW*
WAR KINGS
ALL CARDS
' ggj CANADIANS
Save the HASSEL.buy in CANADA.
U.S. COLOR USERS...use your BUYING POWER!
$24.95
BERSERK
$30.95
SKY DEFENSE
$18.95
Remember Warlords? You'll love this one. A challenging
game for two for your Color Computer. High resolution
graphics with outstanding sound make this a real treat.
Machine language (16K Extended Basic)
TOM MIX SOFTWARE
MOON LANDER $19.95
This one's a real winner. Two programs for the price of one.
Train on MOON LANDER and then move up to LANDER II.
Reviewers say just like flying. Outstanding graphics and
sound. Visitthe moon with your Color Computer. Most realistic
on the market today. (16K Extended Basic)
DANCING DEVIL $18.95
Here's a demon of a deal. Watch him dance to
preprogrammed routines or program your own music and
dance steps. Youngsters and adults love him. Rave reviews
by Color Computer magazines. Machine language (16K)
ML RABBIT
CC WRITER SPACE TRADERS
$35.95 $18.95
MADNESS AND THE MINOTAR
$26.95
BLACK SANCTUM
CALIXTO ISLAND
$24.95 each
EDITOR, ASSEMBLER &
DEBUGGER
$11.95
$18.95
No serious programmer can afford to pass this up! Make
copies of any machine language or BASIC program
effortlessly. Even copies programs that automatically
execute. Completely automatic. Protect your tapes with ML
RABBIT. (Caution: Intended to make backup copies only!)
British Columbia Residents Add 6% sales tax.
All prices quoted in Canadian Dollars.
U.S. Orders Discounted 25 Percent
COLORTERM (c) $4095
Ihe l&K Color Conputer* as an intelligent terninal
uith 51 or colunns by 21 lines and louer case!
**- 4K/I6K JARB
MEMORY CHIP SET -
Eight NEC 4116 200 Nanosecond chips with in-
stallation instructions; no soldering; installs in
25 minutes $34.95
**• 16K/32K JARB
MEMORY UPGRADE KIT -
Hardware and instructions to convert 16K color
computer to 32K; minimal soldering required;
installs in 30 minutes $49.95
December, 1982
the RAINBOW
Page 177
THESE FINE STORES CARRY THE RAINBOW
The retail stores listed below carry the RAINBOW on a regular basis and may have other products of interest to
Color Computer users. We suggest you patronize those in your area.
Abacus Computers
S. Holland. Mich.
Accolade Distributors
San Diego, Calif.
Acme Book Co.
Baton Rouge. La.
A Computer Store
Indianapolis, Ind.
Adventure International Store
Longwood, Fla.
All-Pro Souvenlers
Pittsburgh, Pa.
All Systems Go
Tempe, Ariz.
Amateur Radio Equipment Co.
Wichita, Kan.
Appletree Computers
DeKalb, III.
Atlantic News
Halifax, N.S.
Bauer Electronics
Lawrenceburg, tnd.
B. Dalton Booksellers
West Jackson St. - Chicago, III.
N. Wolbash St. - Chicago, III.
Milwaukee, Wise.
Peoria, III.
B.I.E.S. Systems
Oak Park, III
Bill's TV Radio Shack
Newton. III.
Bob s In Newtown
Chicago, III.
Bob s News Emporium
Chicago, III.
Bob's Rogers Park
Chicago, III.
Book Market
East Cedar - Chicago, III.
North Cicero - Chicago, III.
West Diversey - Chicago, III.
Peoria, III.
Champaign, III.
Danville, III.
Book Nook
Lisle. III.
Book Tree
Milwaukee, Wise.
Booked Solid
Wilwaukee, Wise.
Bookland, Inc.
Indianapolis. Ind.
Buffalo Technologies
Amherst, N.Y.
Byte By Byte
Utica, Mich.
Campus Computer Corp.
Nashville, Tenn.
C&J Electronics Computer Center
Richland, Wash.
Caves Books Co.
Hong Kong
Chester Electronic Supply
Kenosha, Wise.
Chicago-Main News
Evanston, III.
CMD Micro
Edmonton, Alta.
Color Computing
Southgate, Calif.
Color Products Unalike
Vancouver, B.C.
The Computer Center
New York, N. Y.
The Computer Connection
Boulder. Col.
The Computer Store
Louisville, Ky.
The Computer Store
Pheonix, Ariz.
The Computer Store
San Diego, Calif.
The Computer Store
Tulsa, Oklo.
Computer Emporium
Louisville, Ky.
Computer Resource
Williamsvllle. N.Y.
Computer Services
Lawrenceburg, Ind.
Computer SOS
Shreveport, La.
Computerware Store
Encinitas. Calif.
Cosmos Computers
Bettendorf, Iowa
Crouchet Electronics
Conroe, Texas
Dallas Computer Center
Dallas, Tex.
Data Born
Ronton. Wash.
Data Byte Computer Center
Beaufort. SC.
Data Concepts
Scortsdale, Ariz.
Data Domain
Schaumberg. III.
Data Link
Dayton, Ohio
D. Data
Stillwater, Okla.
Delker Electronics
Smyrna, Tenn.
Disney's Electronics
San Diego, Calif.
Dimensional Software
San Diego. Calif,
E. B. Garcia & Associates
Chicago, 111.
The Eight Bit Corner
Muskegon. Mich.
Electronic World
Fairbanks, Alaska
F. M. Electronics
Jay, Maine
Game Preserve
Indianapolis- Ind.
Gapher Hole
Brooklyn Center, Minn.
Guild Books and Periodicals
Chicago, III.
GYC Co.
Yak, Pa.
Hands On Computer
Atlanta. Ga.
Hawley-Cook Booksellers
Louisville, Ky.
Home Computer Store
Westerville, Ohio
Home Brew Computers
Pheonix, Ariz.
Hurley Electronics
Santo Anna. Calif.
HW Electronics
Northridge, Calif.
John's News Stand
Medford, Ore.
K&S News Stand
Winston-Salem, N.C.
Kona Recreation
Kailua-Kona, Hawaii
Kelly Software Distributors
Edmondton, Alto.
Kroch's & Brentano's
South Walbash - Chicago. III.
West Jackson, Chicago, III.
835 N. Michigan - Chicago, III.
516 N. Michigan - Chicago, III.
Oak Park, III.
Oak Brook, III.
Skokie, III.
Aurora, III.
L&R Electronics
Grant's Pass, Ore.
Leo's Book & Wine Shop
Toledo, Ohio
Level IV Products
Livonia, Mich.
Levity Distributors
Hollywood, Calif.
Libra Books
Eugene. Ore.
utile Pressor Book
P'n.adeiphia, Ohio
Canton, Ohio
Madison Books
Madison. Ala.
Micro Byte
Miami, Fla.
Mlcrowest Distributors
N. Vancouver, B.C.
Multi-Mag
London, Ont
NORMAR
Wilmington, Del.
OPAMP Technical Books
Los Angeles. Calif.
Out Of Town News
Cambridge, Moss.
Parkwest Books
Chicago. III.
PCLEAR80
Mansfield. Ohio
Personal Computer Place
Mesa. Ariz.
Personal Software
Malvern, Po.
Printers, Inc.
Palo Alto. Calif.
Prism Software
Kincardine, Ont.
Pro Am Electronics
Pacific Beoch, Calif.
The Program Store
Baltimore. Md.
Falls Church. Va.
Columbus, Ohio
Washington, DC.
Programs Plus
Tukwila, Wash.
Prospect News & Magazines
Milwaukee, Wis.
Radio Shack
El Cajon, Calif.
Radio Shack
Freehold, N.J.
Radio Shack
Paducah, Ky.
Radio Shack
Peterborough. N.H.
Radio Shack
San Diego, Calif.
Rainbow Software Services
Calgaty, Alta.
R&V Sound
Fortuna, Calif.
Recycle Computers
Houston, Tex.
Road Runner Computer Products
Glendale, Ariz.
Salt of the Earth
AJbuquerciue, N.M.
Sandmeyer's Bookstore
Chicago, 111.
Soft Sector Marketing
Garden City. Mich.
Software Access
living. Tex.
Software 'n' Suds
E. Windsor. N.J.
Soft Shop
Yuma, Ariz.
Software City
Fairview, N.J.
Montvale, N.J.
River Edge. N.J.
Summit, N.J.
Tea neck, N.J.
Software Concepts
Dallas, Tex.
Software Connection
Ft. Lauderdale, Fla.
Software 1 st
Santa Rosa, Calif.
Software Plus
Citrus Heights. Calif.
Software Shop
Mansfield, Mass.
Software Store
Tampo, Fla.
The Software Store
RockviKe, Md.
Software Unlimited
Tucson, Ariz.
Software Unlimited
Orlando, Fla.
Spectrum Projects
Woodhaven, N.Y.
Slrawflower Electronics
Half Moon Bay, Calif.
Tobacco Comer Newsroom
Memphis, Tenn.
T. M. Computers
Kingston. Ont.
Trl-Tek Computers
Pheonix, Ariz.
Unicorn Electronics
Johnson Cily, N.Y.
University of Chicago Bookstore
Chicago. III.
University of Illinois Bookstore
Chicago, III.
University of Wisconsin Bookstore
Milwaukee, Wise.
Vldeomat, Inc.
Chicago, III.
Wayne Software
Wayne, N.J.
Willy's Electronics
National City, Calif.
CHRISTMAS SNEA
BE A CHRISTMAS SNEAK
BE A CHRISTMAS SME «
Sneak Up On Your Favorite CoCo Computerist
This Christmas!
Tired of having your favorite computerist tell you that you just don't understand him or
his machine? Looking for a perfect present that won't be the wrong size, wrong color or
something like that?
Now, give the perfect gift for your favorite computer owner— a subscription to the
Rainbow or to Rainbow On Tape, It comes in eight beautiful colors, can be used with any
size memory and will delight everyone who is interested in CoCofor 12 whole months of
1983.
Best of all, a subscription entered now— in time for Christmas— will still be available at
the present magazine rate of $16 in the U.S., and $22 in Canada. Those prices go up
January 1. Rainbow On Tape sells for $60 for a year.
The Rainbow is the premier magazine for TRS-80 and TDP System 1 00 users. And it is
your chance to give your computerist a gift that will keep on coming 12 months of the
year.
Be A Christmas Sneak! Send in a gift subscription to the Rainbow or Rainbow On Tape
now. And, you'll even save some money.
CHRISTMAS SNEAK
BE A CHRISTMAS SNEAK
BE A CHRISTMAS
Page 1 78
Aardvark 80 57
All Color Software 60
A M. Hearn Software 91
American Library & Info Services
84
Anteco 9
Arizin , 175
Ark Royal Games 116
Armadillo International 101
Aurora Software 61
Basic Technology 109
Better Software . 136
B5 Software . , it . . 118
Botek Instruments 24
Bumblebee Software 46
Century Software 135
Cer-Comp 105, 142
Chattanooga Choo-Choo Software
112
Chromasette 166
Chromatic Software , 148
Circle City Software - 28
CoCo Pro 102
Cognitec 159
Color Products Una like 176
Color Software Services
19, 103, 167
Cornpukif , 55
CompuServe 113
Compuswitch 162
Computer Accessories
of Arizona 83
Computer Island 21
Computer Peripheral Resources
78
Computer Plus 3
Computer Shack 115
Computerware 23, 117, 169
The Cornsoft Group 27
Custom Software Engineering
125
Debug 174
Deserf Software 1 70
Double Density Software l a 44
DSL Computer Products , , 121
Dymax 18
the RAINBOW
ADVERTISER'S INDEX
December, 1982
Dynamic Electronics , . . . 168
80-U.S. Journal 1 72
East Texas Color Computer Club
62
Elite Software 133
Endicott Software 107
Erickson, B 138, 165
F&G Enterprises . , 44
General Automation 31
Genesis Software 156
Great X«P*T 111
Harmonycs . . , 1 73
HIB Software 150
Home Base Systems , 35
Home Run Software 141
Frank Hogg Laboratory
13, 14, 15, 16
Illustrated Memory Banks. 127
Hume Design 135
Intellectronics 171
I nter+ Action i 85
Intercept Enterprises « , 104
Intracolor 71
J ARB Software 47, 129
K&K Computerware. 131
Land Systems 53
Little Bits Computing 122
Mark Data Products IBC
Martin Consulting 126
Med Systems Software 33
Micro-Doc 100
Micro-80 63, 149
Micrologic 128
Micro Technical Products 17
The Micro Works 51
Tom Mix Software 40, 89, 119
Moreton Bay Laboratory ... 30, 1 32
Moses Engineering 134
Nanos Systems Corp IFC
Nelson Software Systems 58, 59, 1 39
Oelrich Publications 80
Owl-Ware . 154
Parsons Software 82
PCLEAR 80 144
Peacock Enterprises 45, 146
Platinum Software 143
Prickly-Pear Software 73, 86
Prism Software 137
Programs By Mr. Bob 38
The Program Store 153
The Programmer's Guild 157
The Programmer's Institute
160, 161
Q-Soft , 12
Q Systems 72
Quasar Animations 151
Deane Rader 92
Radio Shack 11
Rainbow Connection Software
147
Rainbow On Tape 124
Real Software 68
68 Micro Journal 74
Shauntronics 88
Silver Spring Software 69
Snake Mountain Software 90
Soft Sector Marketing 65
Software Options , . . . . 110
Softwride 140
Southco Sales 37
Southern Software * , . 34
Spectral Associates 25, BC
Spectrum Projects 93, 94, 95, 97, 99
Speech Systems 158
Star-Kits 42, 43
Starship Software 92
Hoyt Stearns Electronics 32
Strictly Color 39
Sugar Software ... 26
Superior Graphic Software 77
Superior Oracle Software 1 73
Tabby Enterprises 1 64
TASADA 152
T&D Software 81
Transformation Technologies ... 70
Transition Technology 120
Universal Data Research
Institute , , 49
Washington Computer Services
75
York- 10 145
Zeta Software 79
The RAINBOW
5803 Timber Ridge Drive
P. O. Box 209
Prospect, KY 40059
Gentlemen:
YES' Sign me up for a one-year (12 issues) subscription to the RAINBOW.
THESE RATES GOOD
Until December 31
—New U.S. Rate S22—
Name
Address
City
State
Zip
□ Payment enclosed
□ Charge my VISA Account #
Sianature
□ Charge my MasterCard Account #
Card Expiration Date INTERBANK #
Subscriptions to the RAINBOW are $16 per year in the United States. Canadian and Mexican rates are
$22 per year. Surface mail to other countries is $31, air mail to other countries is $49. Non-U.S. rates are
higher due to postage costs alone. Payment accepted in U.S. funds.
Limited back issues are available for $2 each for numbers 1-8. S2.50each for 9-13 and $2.95 for issues 15 and up
(September. 1982 on). Shipping and handling costs of $6 (U , S , Man) a $3 . 5 o (UP S) must be added.
f *l
MasterCard
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o'
NEW!
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A new super hi-res space game.
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each one a different and unique challenge
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CASSETTE (16K) . . . $24.95
DISC (32K) . . . $29.95
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great action, great sound, you'll love it!!
CASSETTE (16K)
$24.95
DISK (32K)
$29.95
m«~m * Outsmart
Outsmart the
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CASSETTE (16K) . . . $24.95
DISC (32K) . . . $29.95
They'recalling
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zapping robots. Super hi-res action!
CASSETTE (16K) . . . $24.95
DISC (32K) . . . $29.95
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A challenging puzzle
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CASSETTE (16K> . . $1995
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For the player who enjoys suspense. .
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CASSETTE (16K) . . . $19.95
-MARK DATA PRODUCTS
23802 BARQUILLA, MISSION VIEJO, CA 92691 • (714) 768-1551
We pay shipping on all orders in the continental U.S. and Canada. Overseas add $3.00. California residents
please add 6% sales tax. We are always looking for quality machine language programs. Contact us for details.
MASTER CHARGE OR VISA ACCEPTED
■SPECTACULAR GAMES
For TRS 80
COLOR COMPUTER
TSie largest tuppher of Color Computer loffwart and havo FLEKPLUS DOS, Ultra BDCC (Qito Edfftuom), hardware and utilities.
141 Harvard
Tacoma, WA.
98466
For Information
Call
(206) 565-8483
If not available at your local dealer atk why not and
Call Toll Free 800-426-1830
Except WA., AK„ HI., (8:30-4:30 Mon.-Fri.)
RAINBOW
GEOTIrlCiTIOf*
5CAL
