Commander - Volume 2 Issue 02 (1984-02)(Microsystems Specialties)(US)

The COMMODORE- USERS' Monthly Journal

C-64 VIC-20 "Z-128"

$2.95 U.S.
S3.50 CAN.

"MOSES" Revelations p. 52

Keeping Your Files Straight p. 45

Big Brother and Little Sister

How to Start Your Own Software Company p. 70

Original Game Programs for the C-64 and VIC-20

Software Review for Business, Education, Recreation

And More

Introducing the Most Powerful
Business Software Ever!

TRS-80" (Model I, II, HI, or 16) • APPLE" • IBM" • OSBORNE "• CP/M 1 "- COMMODORE 64

vv^

A*\

o x

rttwd rr YKi

he viersaBusiness" Series

Each VERSABUSINESS module can be purchased and used independently,
or can be linked in any combination to form a complete, coordinated business system.

VERSARECEIVABLES" $99.95

VersaRecejuabi.ES™ is a complete menu-driven accounts receivable, invoicing, and
monthly statement-generating system. It keeps track of ail information related to who
owes you or your company money, and can provide automatic billing for past due ac-
counts. VEHSaReceivabLES™ prints all necessary statements, invoices, and summary
reports and can be linked with VersaLedger If and VersaInventory™.

VERSaPAYABLES™ $99.95

VERSaPayables - " is designed 1o keep track oi current and aged payables, keeping you
in touch with all information regarding haw much money your company owes, and to
whom. VERSA PAYABLES" maintains a complete record on each vendor, prints checks,
check registers, vouchers, transaction reports, aged payables reports, vendor reports,
and more. With Versa PAYABLES*", you can even let your computer automatically select
which vouchers are to be paid.

VeRSAPAYROLU" $99.95

VERSA PAYROLL"* is a powerful and sophisticated, but easy to use payroll system that
keeps track of all government -required payroll information. Complete employee records
are maintained, and all necessary payroll calculations are performed automatically, with
totals displayed on screen for operator approval. A payroll can be run totally, automati-
cally, or the operator can intervene to prevent a check from being printed, or to alter
information on it. If desired, totals may be posted to the VersaLedger IT" system.

VersaInventory 7 " $99.95

VERSA INVENTORY" is a complete inventory control system that gives you instant access
to data on any item. VERSA INVENTORY" keeps track of all information related to what
items are in stock, out of stock, on backorder, etc., stores sales and pricing data, alerts
you when an item falls below a preset reorder point, and allows you to enter and print
invoices directly or to link with the VERSA RECEIVABLES" system. VERSAlNVENTOR Y - prints
all needed inventory listings, reports of items below reorder point, inventory value re-
ports, period and year-to-date sales reports, price lists, inventory checklists, etc.

VersaLedger vr $149.95

Versa Ledger IF™ is a complete accounting system t hat grows as your business
grows. VersaLedger IF" can be used as a simple personal checkbook register,
expanded to a small business bookkeeping system or developed into a large
corporate general ledger system without any additional software.

• VERSftLEDGER 11™ gives you almost unlimited storage capacity

(300 to 10,000 entries per month, depending on the system),

• stores all check and general ledger information forever,

• prints tractor-feed checks,

• handles multiple checkbooks and general ledgers,

• prints 17 customized accounting reports including check registers,
balance sheets, income statements, transaction reports, account
listings, etc.

VersaLedger U™ comes with a professionally-written 160 page manual de-
signed for first-time users. The VersaLedger It™ manual will help you become
quickly familiar with VersaLedger IF", using complete sample data files
supplied on diskette and more than 50 pages of sample printouts.

K

CQMPIJTRQNICS

c

50 N. PASCACK ROAD, SPRING VALLEY, N.Y. 10977

SATISFACTION GUARANTEED!

Every VERSABUSINESS'" module is guaranteed to outperform all other competitive systems,
and al a fraction of their cost If you are not satisfied with any VERSA BUSINESS" module, you
may return il withm 30 days lor a refund. Manuals for any VERSA BUSINESS" module may be
purchased for S25 each, credited toward a later purchase of thai module.
AH CP'M-based Computers must be equipped with Microsoft BASIC
IMBASIC or BASIC 80)

To Order:

Write or call Toll-free (800) 431-2818
(N.Y.S. residents call 914-425-1535)

■ add $5 to CANADA or MEXICO
* add proper postage elsewhere

* add S3 for shipping in UPS areas

• add $4 for COD- or non UPS areas

DEALER INQUIRIES WELCOME

Ail prices and specifications subject to change / Delivery subject to availability.

TRS80 trademark Tandy Corp- - APPLE trademark Apple Corp. IBM PC trademark IBM Corp. OSBORNE trademark Osborne Corp. - XEROX trademark Xerox Corp. ■ KAYPRO trademark Non-Linear

Systems, Inc. - TELEVIDEO trademark Teleuideo Systems, Inc. SANYO trademark Sanyo Corp. NEC trademark NEC Corp. DEC trademark Digital Equipment Corp ZENITH trademark Zenith Corp

Tl PROFESSiONAL COMPUTER trademark Texas Instruments. Inc. SUPERBRAIN trademark Inrerlec Corp. . CP/M trademark Digital Research ■ EPSTON trademark Epson Corp

Circle No. 108

The deadly 'Droids' almost got you the first
time. Now they're back -and more dangerous
than before in Attack of the Mutant Camels!

■

Are you tough enough to meet the challenge?
Your new combat ships maneuver brilliantly —
on and off the power matrix. And your power-
■ ful plasma cannons can destroy the fiendish
invaders.

Altack of trie Muianl Camels Is a TM ol H.E.S
Commodore-64 is a TM or Commodore.

But you've got to be strong, quick, and
clever. Because they've got even more sophis-
ticated weapons this time. Like planes that
fly at crazy angles. Forcefields that redirect
your firepower right back at you. And with
their bizarre disorientation tactics— the
mutant camels could make you lose your mind.

Twenty attack waves, each with a different
screen, test your skills and provide increas-
ingly challenging levels of play. Clear a wave
and earn an extra ship.

Can you destroy the Droids and save the
Earth? Only your local software dealer can
help you find out.

Human Engineered Software

150 North Hill Drive
Brisbane, California 94005

HesWare

eyp EBMzatmBBl

H

AV4\« -***>'»

e«»V«*w ZsTtT?!

**■ *'-^t^ rf- *«1'

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dtqbolicai Ninjas have.

d -the- Master and his

daughter!,

'■:'■':. ' ■ ■ -

--¥'■:'':■> crime!

/fgfljfcycajr way through

'^Oe'ssive doors to

^different worlds

I ■ and

fent weapons!

*$»

ft*.

.-- rSV

^4-

3>.»

SB*

•:r.^-"

animation!

I [• ki (—1 ••! Milt I il I

soynct.and action!
Joystick required.

$ 54.95

C?^' v ' rf " • Just released for the Commodore 64® Also available - Surf, and Particle Beam War.

See your local dealer, or order direct from:

* fT **M*jT' W*** f

• *%.

'ft*

"N&,
%•

:■-:-* 'V

MasterCard

£> W A NT@M Soft<uo ' e

116-A8thSt. • Suite 155 • Manhattan Beach CA 90266 ■ (213)379-8686

Send Check or Money Order.
Specify Tape or Disk. Add $2.00 for shipping. Calif, residents add 6.5% tax

f wn ^t

Vroff*
ah®

Cn e

For VIC-20 and Commodore 64

Now you have the power of a professional quality Check
Register System. Maintain multiple checking accounts,
complete with full checkbook reconciliation and 16 budget
categories. Change or delete any check, check or deposit
amount, or deduction and CheckEase! will automatically
update all balance figures. Review checks forward,
backward or by check number. Configure for RS232 or
compatable Commodore printer. Post checks as they clear
the bank. Upgrade data from cassette to disk. Print by
check number, category or if item is tax deductable.
Commodore 64 and VIC-20 users can even save months
worth of check data in a format compatable with
Commodore's Personal Finance package for later
analyzation.

14.9! cassette (VIC-20 min. 8K),

cassette: Commodore 64,
Atari 400®/8G0®/1200 XL®

disk: Commodore 64,
nn®/snn®/i9nn vr ®

IBM PC, 'APPLE Iiyilplus/IIe®

F«*5

qvoW

Gat** 8

WotdSearch E£-
v'tatis J

SpotiSearch E£_

flrcadeSt'fjrch P_

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C O 1 1 . V C I T V A M s

;a iho'mV

-

1 R.' 5

vrss*

For VIC-20 and Commodore 64

There are 374 letters on the screen. Concealed within are
20 words: 10 across and 10 down. You have 10 minutes.
When you've found a hidden word, it changes color. Every
game features a new screen. Over 300 different words and
thousands of new games possible. $19.95 on cassette.

3 categories: Capitals, Jumbled and Animals.

3 categories: Pro Teams, College Teams and
Sport Games.

3 categories: Home Video Games, Arcade
Video Games and Famous Video Game Characters.

Sen

For Commodore 64 _

Planet Earth is under attack by ruthless aliens who hurl
heat missies at our polar ice caps. Will the Earth flood?
As the orbiting Space Sentinel, the Earth's fate is up to you.
If you can hold out against the merciless attackers, Earth's
population will have time to escape and colonize a new
home planet. Complete sprite & character graphics with
3-voice sound. $29.95 on disk. Joystick, Diskdrive
& Commodore 64® required.

* AVAILABLE 4TH QUARTER S3

Available at finer Software Stores everywhere.

Or Call (213) 501-5845 for the name of your local dealer or distributor.

Circle No. 79

oTP* *

! 10902 Riverside Drive / North Hollywood, California 91602. (213) 501-5845

©COPYRIGHT 1982. 1983 BY T&F SOFTWARE. SPACE SENTINEL IS A TRADEMARK OF MEOAGEM. CHECKEASE IS A TRADEMARK OF CMS SYSTEMS
SEARCH SERIES. ARCADESEARCH. WORDSEARCH, SPORTSEARCH ARE TRADEMARKS OF GEORGE DENNIS. VIC-20. COMMODORF M ANDPI-RSONAl
FINANCE ARE REGISTERED TRADEMARKS OF COMMODORE COMPUTERS, INC. AND CREATIVE SOFTWARE. ATAR1 100 800 1200XI" AND IBM P C ARF
REGISTERED TRADEMARKS OF THEIR RESPECTIVE COMPANIES.

Vol. 2, Issue 2

60 > 36,., MEMS THAT SIXTY IS
CRSfUER THflH THIRTY.

58 > 24., , HEAHS THAT FIFTY IS
GREATER THAN TUENTY-FOUR.

ALEX, PLEASE STUDY
THIS CAREFULLY !!

m

OftKtS HON

o

' T T 7 T T '

C-64 & VIC 20

(Utility pfogt^m)

EDUCATION SECTOR

Introduction to

Assembly Language Programming,
Part XIII: Wedges / ERIC GIGUERE
Enjoy another installment in our popular series
which teaches about assembly language in
understandable terms.

Electronic Blackboard / MARYANNE DODD GENERAL

. . , , . . (Reviews)

This month s review of educational software

*

focuses on three, math packages for the C-64.

BASIC Education:

Programming for Learning, '

Part ll-The Quiz / ANDY VAN DUYNE
Develop your own educational programs and copy
an easy-to-use, general quiz-writing program.

45 The Pro Gram /JERRY B. BYRD

For intermediate level programmers, learn the dif-
ferences between program, sequential, relative,
and user files.

Data Organization for the VIC-20:

Part III /ARTHUR J. DUDLEY

Further explore the intricacies of how data is
stored in the VIC's memory chips.

C-64 & VIC-20
[Application program)

GENERAL

VIC-20

REVIEWS AND RECREATION

SECTOR

This month's cover suggests that COMMODORE
has built its reputation by producing out-of-this-
world products at down-to-earth prices. Soon
we'll be able to say whether the new 16-bit
"Z-128" (or whatever its official designation will
be) is any more than pie-in-the-sky.

COMMANDER Magazine is an independent
publication, and has no formal relationship with
Commodore Business Machines, Inc. other than as
a paid advertiser. Submission of a manuscript byan
author is considered an offer of exclusive publica-
tion rights. Opinions expressed by writers in ar-
ticles and reviews are not necessarily those of
COMMANDER Magazine.

Review of MOSES, A Full-featured 65C02 VIC-20
Assembler for the VIC-20 I GLEN COLBERT (R ™ w)
Assembly language programmers, this may be just
the product you've been looking lor.

Deathstar / ALAN L. KEYSER

You know what they say about all work and no

play! This visually stimulatiing and challenging

game is just what you need at the end of a long

day.

Connect 4 /MARK DAILY

Even C-64 owners deserve some relaxation. Enjoy

this two-person game with a friend.

Invasion / GENE BUCKLE

Introducing a new subsector, exclusively for junior

programmers.

Battle Hymn / HARRY METZ
Get the electrons flowing in your C-64 sound
chip, and perhaps learn something about music
programming in the process.

Software Reviews /

DENNIS KELLEY / ROBERT PARR

From racing forms to business forms to shapeless

forms.

VIC-20

(Game progr.im

C-64

(Game Program)

VIC-20

(Game program)

C-64

(Music program)

C-64 & VIC-20

< Review.)

4ICOMMANDER • February 1984

February 1984

FEATURES SECTOR

GENERAL

(Review*)

GENERAL

{Reviews)

GENERAL

GENERAL

Living With. . ,1984/

COLIN F. THOMPSON

How to make the best use of your computer in

the year of Big Brother.

Command Post / JIM GRUBBS
Can the amateur radio and the microcomputer
coexist in the same universe? Read this monthly
column to find out.

Duplicating Data Cassettes / JIM GRUBBS
Everything you always wanted to know about
getting the most from your datasette.

Business Software

for the C-64 / WILLIAM L. SIMON, PH.D.
For the money-conscious businessperson, here is a
comprehensive review of useful software designed
for that "best buy" computer-
Support Your

Local Programmer / JIM GRUBBS
If you ever dreamed of turning your computer into
a money maker, here are some tips to help you try.

C-64 & VIC-20 "Portable" Screen

(uni.ty progiamj Control Symbols / NOEL NYMAN

One way to make your Commodore BASIC
programs readable from any printer.

C-64 High Resolution

(utii.iv program) Screen Dump for C-64 / ROBERT PARR

Make a pixel by pixel printout of any screen image
on a non-Commodore printer.

HARD SECTOR
DEPARTMENTS

Editorial / DONALD ELMAN
News Releases
New Products

REMs to Readers

(from COMMANDER'S staff)

ReCommand: Updates and Corrections
to Previously Published Material

Key-Mander: How to Type in
BASIC Programs from COMMANDER

Command Board:

High Scorers in Computer Games

Letters to COMMANDER
Game Contest
Advertisers Index

COMMANDER Magazine, USP5 703-690, ISSN
0746-3197, is published monthly by Micro
Systems Specialties, 3418 S. 90th St., Tacoma, WA
98409. Domestic subscriptions: 12 issues, S22.00.
Second class postage paid at Tacoma, WA 98413
and additional mailing offices. POSTMASTER:
Send address changes to COMMANDER
Magazine, P.O. Box 98827, Tacoma, WA 98498.
Entire contents copyright S1983 by Micro
Systems Specialties. All rights reserved. Com-
modore 64, VIC-20, B-1 28, and PET are trademarks
of Commodore Business Machines, Inc. Issue No.
14.

February 1984 • COMMANDERI5

Editorial

Publisher

THOMAS L. ROSENBAUM

Editor

DONALD ELMAN

Publication Manager
CINDY SHACKLEFORD

Marketing <§ Advertising
ELIZABETH K. STEAN, Director
LORI E. CLARK

Circulation

MARY OSBORN, Director
DEE ANDERSON
PAULA M.ANDERSON
EVA R. JONES

Design and Production
SCOTT A. MACDONALD

Technical Consultants
JOHN GABBARD
GEORGE R. GAUKEL
HOWARD ROTENBERG
COLIN F.THOMPSON

COMMANDER is published monthly by:
MICRO SYSTEMS SPECIALTIES, P.O. Box 98827.
Tacoma, Washington 98498

COMMANDER MAGAZINE

Regional Advertising Offices
Home Office, P.O Box 98827,
Tacoma, Wa. 98498. (206) 584-6759
Garland Associates, P.O. Bon 314 S.H.S.
Duxbury, Mass, 02332.
(617) 934-6464 or 934-6546

Subscription Rates (U.S. Funds)

Per Year

U.S.

522.00

Canadian, Mexican

$26.00

Surface Rates, Foreign

$37.00

Air Mail, Foreign

$75.00

For back issues, subscriptions, change

of address

or other information, write to:

COMMANDER

P.O. Box 98827

Tacoma, Washington 98498

(206) 584-6757

BACK ISSUES -

13.50 each plus $1.00 each for shipping

Copyright*.' 1983 by MICRO SYSTEMS SPECIALTIES
All Rights Reserved

WHAT'S NEW?

Since this issue of COMMANDER is scheduled to reach you shortly
after the start of another year, there are many possible answers to the
question posed above.

A BASIC programmer's response might be, "NEW is a mixed-
blessing command. Sometimes it can be used to cancel your errors
with no telltale evidence. Other times, if invoked casually or uninten-
tionally, it can wipe out the fruits of many hours' labor."

The mere passage of time can have much the same effect. We start
each year with fresh plans and expectations, hoping to abandon our
previous problems or weaknesses. Yet, if we embark upon such a new
path that the past is totally cut off, we may lose all the benefits of ex-
perience and could be doomed to repeat mistakes.

These lessons would certainly apply to organizations that manufac-
ture small computers, such as Commodore, as well as those which
serve the needs of the computer marketplace, including COMMAN-
DER Magazine. Over the next year we'll be taking a close look at the
new Commodore products that are becoming available about
now -the "Executive" (Is it any more than a C-64 with a disk drive and
tiny monitor stuffed into a suitcase?), the B-1 28 (Shall we shed a col-
lective tear for the last PET to come off the assembly line?), and that
tantalizing new machine with which Commodore promises to make
the leap to a 16-bit computer at 8-bit prices (Will it be called the
"Z-128" as speculated on our cover, or will some other letter or num-
ber be more appropriate?). In any event, we hope and trust that Com-
modore's NEWest endeavors are not destined to repeat some of the
supply problems that have developed in the past.

The new year also brings a number of changes at COMMANDER
that we believe will improve our service to you. To name a few, there
are new personnel (see adjacent masthead), a new publication
schedule (we are now available early in the month preceding the
cover date), a new program listing standardization (explained
elsewhere in this issue), and a new article organization. For example,
we have a regular "education" section devoted to educational soft-
ware, applications, and programming instruction. Your comments
and suggestions are always welcome.

Finally, as we move into the year of Big Brother, it appears that
Orwell'svision of electronic instruments becoming the tools of tyrants
has been overshadowed by the reality of computers for the masses.
To our readers we wish a very HAPPY NEW YEAR, and pleasant com-
puting in 1984. May all your resolutions be high, your inputs accep-
table, and your syntax error-free.

6ICOMMANDER • February 1984

TURN YOUR COMMODORE-64 INTO THE
HOTTEST ARCADE MACHINE IN TOWN

O'RILEY'S
MINE"

You're a rnad
Irishman digging
your way through
an abandoned mine
filled with oil,
coal, gold, rubies,
diamonds— and
hungry creatures.
Youll need the luck
of the Irish to sur-
vive, but with so
much at stake, it's
a chance you're
willing to take.

MOON
SHUTTLE"

Your screen ex-
plodes with life-
threatening action
as you pilot your
Moon Shuttle
through outer space
in this home version
of the Nichibutsu®
favorite. Awaiting you
is The Prince of Dark-
ness and his forces,
which mysteriously
multiply!

POOYAN

One of the
biggest arcade
game hits from
Konami is a gam_
of fast action In
life-and-death en-
counters. You battle a w
pack of hungry wolves
eager to catch your de-
fenseless pigleis. You'll
need quick reflexes and
a good arm in the new
arcade hit from Datasoft

GENESIS"

Balanced on the
edge of disaster, you
are the deadly King
Scorpion defending
your domain against
fatally venomous
spiders. Genesis cap-
tures all the intensity
of Design Labs'
arcade version of
the first great
battle on earth.

POOYAN - available for Atari*. Radio
Shock Color', Apple', corning soon for
Commodore 64'

Our reputation as one of the premier game manufacturers

assures you of the highest quality attainable in action, strategy"

and graphics. For the hottest titles in entertainment, keep your eye on the leader— DATASOFT

You'll Find The Best In Home Computer Software

from

Pooyan" is a trademark of Konami Industrie* Company, Ltd,
O'Rile/s Mine T/ and Dotasaft 1 are registered trademarks

of Datasoft Inc.

DabKoft

Moon Shuttle* is
GENESIS" and

9421 Winnetka Avenue, Chatsworth, CA 91311 (213) 701-5161

GENESIS" available- for Atari*
Apple», IBM-PC 1 , and
Cammodorfl-6d*.

registered trademark of Nichibutsu, USA.

Design Labs are trademarks of Design Labs.

r 19B3 DATASOFT INC.

Circle No. 205

OSCAR'S 4-WAY SPECIAL OFFER!

If you want to get more benefit
out of your home computer and sti
avoid the purchase of expensive
peripherals. ..if complex keyboard pro
gramming leaves you cold and you're
tired of paying exhorbitant prices for
every new cassette or diskette pro-
gram-then you're ready for OSCAR
and the DATABAR Club!

OSCAR is simply the finest hand-
held optical barcode reader ever devel
oped for the home computer marketplace.
It works with virtually every home com-
puter. And together with a simple plastic
template, it allows you to enter atl kinds of
programs into your home computer in as
little as two minutes.

But hardware without programs
is useless— and that's where the
DATABAR Club

comes in. This includes a magazine that
is delivered straight to your home every
month with 8 programs on subjects
ranging from fun and games, to edu-
cation, to home finances. There are
actually eight different categories in
all: Funware, Homeware, Healthware,
Wordware, Glassware, Scienceware,
Legalware, and Genware. Instead of
paying $15 or $30 or more far cas-
sette or diskette programs, or paying
the $9.95 retail price for DATABAR
programs— you can receive them
for as little as $1.25 each by
joining the DATABAR Club.
So if you already have a home
computer, or if you're thinking about buying
one— take advantage of OSCAR's 4-way offer now.
Get your full money's worth on your computer invest-
ment. Send in the coupon, or call for further information.

Please send me the Databar option(s) indicated
D Option ! ($10.50) D Option 3 (S240.GQ)
D Option 2 ($120.00) □ Option 4 (S79.95)'
'3tH)ay mnisy-iiack guarantee

Enclosed Check *_

Money Older 1 _

Payable la Databar.
Dr charge my Am Ex □ VisaD
MasterCard □ Diners Club □
Carte Blanche □

My Computer Model is_

Databar Corporation, 10202 Crosstown Circle • Eden Prairie, MN 55344 • Phone Orders: MN (612) 544-5700
Out-of-Slate: 1|S00) 672-2776

Circle No. 202

TURN YOUR

COMPUTER INTO A

FULL-BLOODED WORD

PROCESSOR.

1 1 983 Quick Brown Fox

VIC 20'" and Commodore 64'" users,
something very clever is lying in wait for
you. It's called Quick Brown Fox"

Quite simply Quick Brown Fox is the
quickest, easiest to learn, user-friendliest —
and most versatile — word processing
software running.
Take a look at some of these crafty features. You
get full editing, even on standard displays. (The Fox supports most
80-column boards too.) You get automatic reformatting of edited
text, not the tedious paragraph-by-paragraph runaround. There's more.
You get single-key operation, text moving, boilerplating, tab and
margin settings, right justification, proportional spacing. You get in-
telligent software that uses less computer memory. (That's how come
it even works with an off-the-shelf VIC 20.) You also get compatibility
with a wide range of printers — plus plenty more.
And you get it all for only $65. Doesn't that make you want to trot
through your texts with a Quick Brown Fox?

QUICK BROWN FOX "

Call or write for more details:
536 Broadway. I tth Floor, New York, New York 100I2 (2I2) 925-8290

Dealer Inquiries Invited
Circle No. 142

ward-Winning Hits for your Commodore

it

\

CHOPLIFTER

NO AUOTIONM. MEMOffV (SQURffi

'^k

CHOPLIFTER

For the Commodore VIC 20.

Those are our men they're holding
hostage! We don't care how you
do it, but you've got to shoot your
my in there and bring 'em back
alive. You've got three choppers,
probably not enough but it's all we
can spare. And the enemy camp
is pretty heavily fortified. With tanks,
jetfighters and truly nasty laser
bombs. Okay, maybe it's a suicide
mission, but somebody's got to do it.
Dozens of innocent lives are at
stake. We're counting on you. . .
don't let them down!

Now you can play some of America's hottest computer games on
your Commodore, and get a FREE introduction to Home Manage-
ment Software. It's our way of showing you that action-packed
gaming is only the beginning of your Commodore's capabilities.

•SELECTED AS SOHEOF THE "MOST INNOVATIVE COMPUTER PROGRAMS" I3B3 CES SOFTWARE SHOWCASE AWARDS

S€ft£<MnSI€

cwwoatioi<nr"tTT'Mflf«°'»'«s"

It can teach you. Manage your family finances. Even help you buy
a new car And now, for a limited time only, when you buy one of our
specially-marked games you'll receive a certificate good for one
of our Home Management Programs absolutely free.

NOWDmCftrtL MtMCHV REQUBS>

w

R

xnofUHUrtm serpentine-are vic-2D translations of originals Br ban gorlin aho oavidsnioer. respectively

"CHOPLtFTER ' 4*0 "SERPEHTIHE- ARE LICENSED FROM BR0OERBUH0 SOFTWARE, INC

Get more out of your Commodore.

Ittrr

f

PIPES*

For the VIC-20and

Commodore 64.

, Arlo is a hard-working plumber, but
a touch absent-minded He's building
/ a water supply system for the
+, whole neighborhood, and he really
has his hands full. Help Arlo decide
what kind of pipe to buy and where
to put it... his limited budget
i doesn't leave him much margin for
error. Figure out the shortest, most
"'■jj' economical way to get everyone
hooked up... and just hope poor Arlo
has remembered to open and close
the right valves. A marvelously
entertaining and challenging
| exercise in planning, economics and
* spatial relationships for all ages.

1 1 /

.**&!*.-!-* 7.r~-

'' ' ' J&\

1 - * •_ m u_

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Look for complete promotional details inside each specially-
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SAVE NEW YORK'
For the Commodore 64.

It was as peaceful a day as New York

ever gets, when suddenly the sky

went dark and a monstrous droning

noise filled the air. Hordes of

grotesque aliens were swooping

down from all sides, biting into the

Big Apple as if they hadn't eaten

for days. They were laying eggs, too.

Horrible slimy things that got down

into the subway tunnels and began

clawing their way up. If apyone

was going to save the city, it would

have to be me. I leapt into my

rocket and began blasting away.

I thought I stood a fighting chance,

but fuel's running low. . . another

wave of invaders on the horizon

...signing off...

/'

M0

11

'sMENBWi

-i/ic-jwjhiw eeuMooom s*-/uu nuaauma of amiotxmt ciecimmcs in

swuiMAim sail mm

Living With . . .

^SSSS!= By Colin F. Thompson i

1984. George Orwell was wrong. His
chilling 1950s view of our present year did
not materialize. Perhaps his speculations
on the totally controlled society actually
prevented Big Brother's birth. I hope so.

1984. George Orwell was right. The
citizens of our planet have never been
closer, more in touch and aware of each
other's problems and triumphs. Part of
Orwell's vision has born true-the com-
puter. In the last 30 years digital
technology has shrunk our world in a way
that political and religious philosophies
have not been able to do in thousands of
years. This new awareness is due directly
tothe application of computertechnology
to every level of our lives. Big Brother turn-
ed out to be beneficial, not smothering.

1984. Big Brother turned out to be Little
Brother. Anyone with about $75 can own
a Little Brother. 1983 saw the VIC come of
age. Three years after its birth it blossomed
and immediately began the rapid descent
into obsolescence. VIC is being dragged
from its pedestal by its own offspring, the
Commodore 64.

1984 will be the year of the C-64. Many
top level Commodore programmers have
turned their attention from the VIC to the
high resolution, musical genius of the
C-64. As a VIC software reviewer, my
future in these pages has come full circle,
At first there was little to write about, then
too much to write about, and now almost
nothing. Change is inevitable, so change I
must.

1984. Do I adore my 64? Not really, but
perhaps that will change also. I'm hoping
that a few software authors out there will

UICOMMANDER • February 1984

dazzle me with programs that will make
my life easier. When that happens, I will
report the results in this column.

1984. It will be a year of change and
growth in the Commodore community.
The long awaited mode! 128 should rear
it's business-like head and roar I will ac-
quire one of these machines when they
become available and review the best pro-
ducts made for it. If Commodore rolls out
a lap-sized computer like the Radio Shack
100, I will get one and wring it out.

1984. I'm excited by the changes. The
world of microcomputing is running wild
and I'm happily giving chase. When I
reflect on the past year, my most vivid
memories are not of technology, but of
the human experience. I have made many
new friends through this column. My
thanks go out to all of you who have taken
the time to put your thoughts on paper
and send them to me. I sense your excite-
ment and gather energy from it. Your let-
ters keep my direction on target.

NEW BUSINESS
IN THE NEW YEAR

I live within walking distance of three
Radio Shack stores. Although I've resisted
the temptation of buying a TRS-SO Model
"Anything", I find myself brousing their
shelves in search of something that might
enhance my many Commodore com-
puters. Last month I hit the jackpot. I'd
been searching high and low for a six
outlet, switched, filtered power strip. The
power strip of my dreams would have
each outlet isolated from the rest. I need-
ed this strip for three reasons. My Smith-

Corona TP-1 has a nasty habit of resetting
the computer when I turn on the TP-1.
Power line spikes cause the problem. My
two Commodore disk drives cause the
same problem. When one is turned on,
the other one locks up. (The MSD drive
does not seem to be affected). And finally,
I wanted to be able to turn on and off the
entire system with one switch.

Several months ago I bought a
Panamax 6 outlet line filter but found it did
not solve my problem. Thesix outlets were
isolated and filtered against any in-
terference from the AC Line but not from
each other. The Radio Shack line filter
meets all my stringent requirements.

There are eight outlets on the back of the
unit, with the master power switch on the
top. This is a great arrangement. It lets me
put the filter under my monitor, with the
various line cords snaking in from the rear
of the desk. The switch is very easy to
reach. Best of all, each outlet is isolated
from the rest. The TP-1 has been rendered
harmless, and the maze of power cords
has been brought under control. I couldn't
be happier. The Radio Shack Part Number
is 26-1451 and it costs only $50.00

Continued on page 19

,

/

you're all thumbs a

k

re Ke
MasterType' will make you a computer whiz.

MasterType #1 on everybody's list . . .
the first step in computer literacy.

MasterType delivers. It is the one and only
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motivated and enjoyable learning.

After each of the 18 action-packed program
segments, you'll see how you measure up. And
you'll become so caught up in the action that
before you know it, you'll become a master at the
keyboard, calling all the shots:

On disks for

Apple; Atari* Commodore 64* $39.95

IBM-PC* $49.95

MasterType is part of the growing Scarborough
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New

Atari 8 and Commodore 64' cartridges.

The Scarborough System

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MAILPRO, SPELLPRO and PAL are
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Distributed in Canada by:

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i-Commodore 64 .and Commodore are
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Continued from page 14

MEAN GREEN VIEW SCREEN

While we are on the subject of non-
Commodore products, I should mention
my NEC video monitor. Why do I use a
green screen monitor on my colorful VIC
and 64? Only one reason, really-so I can
see 80 columns. The Data-20 Display
Manager puts 80 columns of data on the
screen. This is the best way to process
words. 1 use it with Quick Brown Fox for all
my writing. The word processing program
that comes with the Display Man-
ager-Word Manager-also uses the 80
column format. WM is a very nice
package. Its strength is in its simplicity.
However, to use either word processor,
you will need a high resolution
monochrome (one color) monitor. Neither
the Commodore 1 701 color monitor nor a
TV set will display 80 columns clearly
enough to use.

Fortunately for us, there are many low
cost monochrome monitors on the
market. They display a full 80 columns
with vivid clarity in either green or amber
letters. I won't dredge up the old argu-
ment of green versus amber. I picked
green simply because it wasabout half the
cost of amber. The NEC Display Monitor,
model JB1 260M{A), cost me an even $100
over the counter.

The NEC has a 1 2-inch screen. This yields
a usable viewing area about 7" wide and
5" high. For me, this is a big improvement
on the 9-inch PET monitor. 80 columns
printed on this 1 2" screen are clear, sharp
and highly contrasted. The letters are
green (of course) and the background and
border are solid black. The unit is light
weight (6.5kg), and has a built in carrying
handle. An RCA jack in the rear is used to
connect the monitor to the computer
through an appropriate cable (not includ-
ed). Like most monitors, it doesn't have an
audio circuit. The on/off switch and
brightness controls are located on the
front panel for easy adjustment. Adjust-
ment knobs for contrast, vertical hold and
horizontal hold are in the rear.

ONLY ONE COLOR?

The VIC's normal video output is in vivid
color. The NEC displays the colors in
various shades of green. I think the best

looking color screen is achieved by poking
the screen to white and the characters to
black.

The NEC really enhanced the video ap-
pearance of my C-64. At a very small cost
(14 of 16 colors are missing) the normally il-
legible screen on my 64 is now legible. All
the characters are clearly represented, not
just every other one, as before on the
1 701 . I'm pleased with the performance of
the monitor. You may contact the
manufacturer at 1401 Estes Avenue, Elk
Grove Village, IL 60007.

vicCOMM

Another "newsletter sized "publication,
chock full of VIC and C-64 information, is
being published in North Carolina. Editor
Ed Cox has put out the first three bi-
monthly issues and is now working on the
fourth. I've read all the issues and believe
the bulk of the articles are aimed at the
user who has a fair grasp of BASIC and is
looking for projects to stretch himself. vic-
COMM has already covered graphics,
word processing, videotext, amateur
radio, and slow scan TV for the VIC and
64. 1 rate the contents equal in quality with
the twice-a -month Journal/20. vicCOMM
is $9 a year, and is available on tape or disk
for $36 and $48 respectively. Box 5491,
Duke Station, Durham, NC 22706.

QUEUED UP

Next month's menu includes an in-
depth look at the DYNAX DX-15 letter
quality printer and two disk copy
utilities-one for the VIC and one for the
C-64. Perhaps in a month I will have
thought up a new name for the column.
Your suggestions are welcome. Happy
New Year!

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Dealer inquiries invited

February 1984 • COMMANDERIW

I

I

5^ U

By Jim Grubbs

The computer revolution continues as
1984dawns bright. To those of youjoining
us for the first time, a hearty welcome! A
"Little Bird" tells me that most of our new
readers are sporting G64 computers, and
most of you have bought disk drives to go
with them. This certainly has implications
for the future, but be assured that we
have plenty of room to accomodate both
the VIC ar\d the 64 in our discussions.

With the joys of the holiday season
recently past, let us continue taking a look
at some accessories to help you get the
most out of your machine in the ham
shack.

WHERE NO ONE
HAS GONE BEFORE

The Kantronics interface was one of the
first amateur radio-to-computer interfaces
available. Consequently many of them
have found their way into the homes of
active radio and computer enthusiasts. Of
course a good many people purchase the
Kantronics Interface when they buy their
software, but a surprisingly large number
of them have been purchased separately
by those of us more inclined toward pro-
gramming than hardware.

Making the first anything is a tough job.
You're not entirely sure what the
marketplace is looking for. You don't real-
ly know what the competition will be like.
You don't really know what people are
willing to spend. So you take your best
shot at what you think makes the most
business sense. It would appear that is ex-
actly what Kantronics did with their
original interface.

The Interface does an adequate job for
amateur applications. Although I was
somewhat surprised by the small size of
the unit, it was a welcome surprise since

20ICOMMANDER • February 1984

my hamshack always seems to look like it
is about to burst through the walls at any
moment. Don't let the size fool you
though, it is a good performer.

It seems the general practice these days
not to include a power source with equip-
ment. I suppose it does keep costs down,
and allows those of us who power
everything off of one big 12-voit supply
not to have a bunch of extra power packs
around. Anyway, you need a separate
source of power for the Interface, as none
is provided.

I found the unit to be of top-notch con-
struction, a glass epoxy board and good
clean wiring. Operationally it uses active
filters to lock onto the CW or RTTY tone.
Notice the singular, particularly for RTTY.
This interface decodes RTTY and ASCII
(both use the same keying method) by co-
pying only one of the two tones present. If
you are not familiar with frequency shift
keying demodulation, suffice it to say that
a mark and a space tone are rapidly
shifted. Many inexpensive terminal units
make use of only one of these tones. The
Interface is in this category. Lest this ap-
pear all bad, there are proponents of the
single tone system who maintain that
phase differences when using both tones
cause more problems than they cure. I am
not one of these proponents. I have used
everything from a homebrew 567 PLL
decoder to some of the more sophisti-
cated HAL demodulators and I have
always found the dual tone demodulation
technique to work better.

I was pleasantly surprised at the perfor-
mance of the Interface, it copied signals
that sounded like they were too weak to
produce good copy. It did have a problem
dealing with interference though.

There is a switch located on the front of
the unit to flip from CW to RTTY recep-
tion . All this switch does is move the center
frequency of the filters from 2295 hertz
for RTTY down to 750 hertz for CW. I
found that with my particular transceiver
(an FT-101) even the RTTY copied better in
the CW position. Many SSB filters start to
cut off just about two kilohertz and will
not reliably pass the normal RTTY tones.
Others report similar problems. Not
everyone owns either a very new or very
old receiver with special provisions for shif-
ting the bandpass of the filters.

When I tried the Interface on some
commercial teletype transmissions (many
are 67 wpm, 425 hertz shift) I had a great
deal of difficulty in tuning the signal to get
any kind of reliable copy at all. Keep in
mind though that the Interface is design-
ed only for 170 hertz shift as normally used
on the high frequency amateur bands. It
does not claim to be designed for use in
copying commercial stations.

On transmit, only 170 hertz tones are
generated, 850 hertz shift is not available.

I did find the bargraph tuning aid, along
with another single LED, to do a good job
in helping me tune signals. If you are trying
to copy signals with inverted shift (mark
and space tones reversed) there is no pro-
vision on the unit to accomplish this. With
the Hamsoft or Hamtext package this can
be accomplished by software options.

The instructions included were very
thorough. At approximately $1 50, the In-
terface does a good job at what it claims
to do.

A PATCH

FOR YOUR COMPUTER

Not only do the folks at AEA sell an ex-
cellent software package in the AEA-

CodePro-64 (c) 1983, SM A

Overview

— Using CodePro-64

1 — CBM-64 Keyboard Review

BASIC Tutorial

2 — Introduction to BASIC

3 — BASIC Commands

4 — BASIC Statements

5 — BASIC Functions ,, ,.-

Graphics & Music

6 — Keyboard GRAPHICS

7 — Introduction to SPRITES

8 — SPRITE Generator

9 — SPRITE Demonstrator
A — Introduction to MUSIC
B — MUSIC Generator

C — MUSIC Demonstrator

Other Options

K — Keyword Inquiry

R — Run Sample Programs,

Select Choice or hit f7 tor Detault

Main Menu

NEW! For the Commodore 64

ANNOUNCING

CodePro-64

A new concept in

interactive visual

learning . . .

Now you can learn lo code m BASIC and develop
advanced programming skills with graphics, spnles and
music— visually. You learn by interacting with CodePro-
64. a new concept m interactive visual learning.

SEE PROGRAM EXECUTION

Imagine actually seeing BASIC statements execute.
CodePro-64 guides you through structured examples of
BASIC program segments. You enter Ihe requested data
or let CodePro-64 do the typing tor you. (It will not let you
make a mistake.)

After entering an example you invoke our exclusive
Basic View'" which shows you how the BASIC program
example executes.

You step through and actually see the execution ol
sample program statements by simply pressing Ihe space
bar CodePro-64 does Ihe rest.

You see stalements with corresponding Bow chart
graphics and variable value displays. You learn by visual
examples.

10 FOH 1=10 TO 20

STEP 2
20 J =2-1
30 NEXT I

CURRENT VALUES

' DEMONSTRATE I

F1=MAIH FJ CUI-HFIII FSiNEXT FS'PB

EXTENSIVE TUTORIAL

CodePro-64's extensive tutorial guides you through
each BASIC command, program statement, and lunclion
You get clear explanations. Then you enter program
statements as interactive examples. Where appropriate
you invoke Basic View to see examples execute and
watch their flow charts and variables change.

3y seeing graphic d isplays of program segment execu-
tion you learn by visual example. You learn faster and
grasp programming concepts easier with CodePro-64
because you immediately see the results of your input

You control your learning You can go through the tutor-
ial sequentially, or return lo the main menu and select
different topics, or use keywords lo select language ele-
ments to study You can page back and forth between
screens within a top c at the touch of a function key

CodePro-64 lets you follow your Interests and prac-
tice with interactive examples But you can never get
"lost". F1 will always return you to Ihe main menu. Once
you have practiced and mastered the BASIC language
elements you move on to mare advanced concepts. You
learn about sprite and music programming.

SPRITE GENERATOR & DEMONSTRATOR

CodePro-64's sprite generator lets you define your
own sprites on Ihe screen. You learn how lo define sprites
and what data values correspond to your sprite defini-
tions, (You can then use these values to write your own
programs ) You can easily experiment with different defi-
nitions and make changes to immed lately see the effects.

We also help you learn to program with sprites by giving
you a sprite demonstrator so you can see Ihe effect of
changing register values. You can experiment by moving
your sprite around in a screen segment, change its color
or priority, and see the effects of your changes. You learn
by visual examples

MUSIC GENERATOR & DEMONSTRATOR

To teach you music programming CodePro-64 gives
you an interactive music generator and demonstrator
First we help you set all your SID parameters (attack/
decay, sustain/release, waveform, etc.). Then you enter
notes to play and we show your tune graphically as it
plays, nole by note, on the scale. You learn by seeing and
hearing the results of your input.

OUR GUARANTEE

We guarantee your satisfaction. You musl pe
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Circle No. 61

Our music demonstrator lets you experiment with var-
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and hear the results. You can quickly modify any ol the
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example, you could easily change waveform and attack/
decay values while holding all other SID values constant.
By seeing your input and hearing the result you quickly
learn how to create new musical sounds and special
sound effects.

AND MORE . . .

We don't have enough space lo tell you everything
CodePro-64 offers. You need lo see tor yourself, BASIC
tutorials, graphics, sprites, music, keyboard review, sam-
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Whether you're a beginning programmer or an experi-
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CodePro-64 is a professional quality educational pro-
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HOW TO ORDER

Order your copy of CodePro-64 today by mail or phone.
Send only $59.95 plus $3.00 shipping and handling to:

* *■ / >, A ' k S y STEMS MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATES

^L^^E^/3700 Computer Drive, Dept CM
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Available on diskette only. MasterCard/VlSA ac-
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toll free1-8uu-SMA-RUSH (1-800-762-7874).

Commodore 64 is a trademark of Commodore Business

Machines, Inc.

Ad no. 733. Copyright 1 983. SMA

Dealer inquiries invited.

MBATEXT, they have an excellent com-
puter terminal unit in their Computer
Patch, or CP-1.

The CP-1 follows the tradition of excel-
lence in products associated with the AEA
name. They have been making code and
RTTY readers for some time. They have
employed this knowledge with good
results in the CP-1 .

The AEA CP-1 "Computer Patch"

This excellence shows in the superior
construction techniques and the just plain
good looks of the CP-1 . It also requires an
external power source, but the adapter is
provided.

Like the Kantronics unit, the AEA filters
aretunedtoalowerfrequencyforCW.On
RTTY the 170 hertz shift position is switch
selectable. You are not limited to only this
shift however. Included is a variable shift
position that will cover everything up to
approximately 1000 hertz. My experience
with this option showed it to be an im-
provement over the original Kantronics
unit when copying commercial stations, i
did find it somewhat difficult to determine
the best setting for other than 170 hertz
shift. The transmit side provides only 170
hertz tones, so that will be a problem for
the VHFers.

Scope outputs are available so that a
real RTTY tuning scope can be used if you
have one. Over the years I have used a
scope and found that it's a bit like having a
cruise control on your car-very nice to
have, but far from a necessity.

The adjacent signal rejection is truly im-
pressive using the CP-1 . Numerous times I
would carefully tune (I thought) to the
stronger of two signals very close together
and get perfect copy. I became truly im-
pressed when the stronger signal disap-
peared and I found that I was actually tun-
ed to the much weaker signal and getting
perfect copy.

With the dual tone detection and
variable shift features of the CP-1, 1 found
that I got very good copy on all modes, in-
cluding commercial "press" transmis-
sions. Hook one of these up and you can
show the kids what the US Information
Service 100 wpm French newswire looks
like, or get around the world weatherdata
from one of several stations!

22ICOMMANDER • February 1984

The CP-1 has excellent documentation
and comes with a ninety day warranty. It is
priced at $239, but is being offered at
special savings if bought in a package with
the MBATEXT software. It's a hard com-
bination to beat.

SON OF INTERFACE

One of the nice things about a good
company is that they listen to their
customers. Kantronics has gotten a lot of
feedback from owners of the original In-
terface, and they have incorporated vir-
tually all of them into a new super inter-
face, the Interface II. The unit has just
begun production as I write this, so a
hands on test was not possible.

Kantronics has joined AEA in providing
a true dual tone RTTY receive system.
Secondly, switch selectable 170, 425, and
850 hertz shifts are available. There's no
guessing with this one! On the amateur
bands you set it for 170 hertz shift just as
before and forget it. On the commercial
bands, 425 is the usual rule (the Navy still
likes to use 850, but most of their
transmissions are encrypted anyway). For
the VHF operator 850 hertz is available.
This shift is also available on transmit, a
feature not found on other units.

The Kantronics folks have gone the ex-
tra mile in providing dual hook ups on the
back side. You don 't have to rearrange the
shack to switch from the low bands to
VHF. Separate connections are provided
for two transceivers, a very nice touch.

There are scope outputs and a much
improved tuning indicator. Suggested
price for the Interface II is S259. I'll let you
know how it performs in a future issue.

STUFFING

YOUR OWN STOCKING

If you were fortunate enough to get
everything you wanted for Christmas, like
a new computer, one of the excel lent soft-
ware packages we reviewed and a top
notch interface, I still have a suggestion to
make. One of the most interesting things
to me about having an RTTY terminal
available is printing the commercial fre-
quencies. So many of the transmissions
are at "odd" speeds and shifts that it can
be very frustrating trying to tune the
signal. Since many of these services are in
languages other than English, this makes
things even more difficult.

I've discovered at least one solution to
many of these problems in a book titled,
"Guide to RTTY Frequencies", by Oliver P.
Ferrell. If the name rings a bell, Mr. Ferrell
was the editor of Popular Electronics in its
heyday. He is now Chief Executive Office
of Gilfer Associates. This guide includes an
excellent introduction to tuning the com-
mercial bands. The main course consists of

two lists, one by frequency and another by
call sign, listing many teletype services
from around the world. It's always difficult
to keep the accuracy high in such a publi-
cation, but my own experience showed
this one to be right on the mark (and
space!) most of the time. I highly recom-
mend it as an operating accessory.
Reading Perry's introduction took me back
to my early days in amateur radio. Does
anyone remember the "Adventures of
Carl and Jerry"? Guide to RTTY Frequen-
cies is available for $9.95 from Gilfer
Associates, PO Box 239, 52 Park Avenue,
Park Ridge, NJ 07656.

ETCETERA

Kantronics also recently announced a
package fortheshort wave listener (SWL)
that will allow your VIC or 64 to be used
with your receiver to copy not only CW,
RTTY and ASCII, but also will allow you to
"break" certain simple encryption techni-
ques! An "on screen" tuning indicator is
included to help you measure the timing
of signals and then change the baud rate
to print non-standard speed signals.
RADIOTAP is the name of this package
with a suggested price of $199.95.

Have you been looking for a good pro-
gram to track OSCAR or any satellite for
that matter (including the Space Shuttle)?
Look no further. Tony Parise, WA3HRL
has written AMS-2064 which works on
either a VIC or 64. The way he handles
formatting it for the right machine is real-
ly slick. The program is sold by AMSAT,
the Radio Amateur Satellite Corporation,
PO Box 27, Washington, DC 20044. The
price is $10 for the cassette version, with
proceeds going to support the amateur
satellite effort.

MID-WINTER MADNESS

Winter got you down? No money left
foryou computer after buying Smurfs and
Jedi Knights for the kids? Next time, a cure
for the winter doldrums that costs next to
nothing, particularly if you own a VIC
Modem! You might "eye" the modular
cord on your telephone (the one that con-
nects from the base of the phone to the
handset) in the meantime. If you think
someone may be upset if you cut it in two,
you better look for an extra one. 73 for
now.

Tax*
Pack

1 designed Taxpack so
you could do something
really practical with your
Commodore VIC 20.

Peter Lambert, MBA
Vice-President,
Product Deit'/nprneni
CosmojKJUtan So/nearc

f

*

/

Taxpack
Powerful income tax computing
software specially designed for
the Commodore VIC 20.

J0

Now you can use your Commodore
VIC 20 to perform all the
calculations on your Canadian Tl
general tax form. Taxpack guides
you easily through every aspect of
the form with friendly prompts and
a comprehensive instruction
manual. This new software is
available on cassette tape and will
run on the standard 3.5k memory
in your Commodore VIC 20 home
computer.*

Taxpack lets you tackle your income
tax form at your own pace. A
convenient save-and-restore
function lets you record and review-
historical results. Professional
editing features assure easy and
accurate data entry. Taxpack puts
the power of tax modelling and
planning for subsequent years in
your hands, today.

'The caMdlc also includes an expixndeti venton of
Taxfxtek ui:h enfiunL-al JiipEny features, /m the
Commodore VIC 20's u-ir/i Slt+ memurt exjntnsion.

^

Many happy returns

Because you can calculate and
preview more tax scenarios with
Taxpack than you'd have the
patience or the time to do manually,
this software can help you save tax
dollars. Custom-tailored to the
Canadian Tl general form, Taxpack
will be updated every year to reflect
changes in the government's income
tax regulations. Innovative program
design allows us to update Taxpack
within days of the new Tl's
availability.

So easy to order
To use your Visa or Mastercard,
phone us toll free; or, send your
cheque or money order with the
handy mail-order form attached.
We'll confirm your order by return
mail. Your up-to-date Taxpack
cassette and manual will be shipped
within 1 5 days of the release of the
1983 Tl general form.

To order with Visa or .Mastercard - •
call us toi/-/rec:

1-800-268-6364

(from B.C., call 112-800-268-6364)

Satisfaction Guaranteed

We guarantee that you will find
Taxpack an excellent software value.
If you are not totally satisfied, drop
us a note to say w-hy, and return the
product post paid to us within 10
days for a full refund of the
purchase price.

I Want Taxpack.'

Please send me Taxpacks @ $29.95 5

Nova Scotia residents only, add 10% Sales Tax +1

Add $2 per unit shipping and handling charges + i

Total «

X

My Name

Address

Citi

Province

Postal Code

Telephone

Make Cheque or Money Order payable to:
Cosmopolitan Software Services Limited
and maft u'l'th this order form to:
Box 953, Dartmouth, Nova Scotia B2Y 3Z6

Attn: Order Desk

Circle No. 105

Still the Best!

I^Ss.

Rated THE BEST educational
program for the VIC 20TM by
Creative Computing magazine.

Commodore 64 version: "This

Is the beat typing tutor we have

seen yet: It can get your

children touch typing in short

order and bring an old hand up

to speed. Includes excellent

training modules and an

arcade type mode to liven

things up and put some

pressure on;****+" INFO-64

Our customers continue to tell

us of their success. . , .

!'. . delighted with my son's

progress ... he Is the only

one In his second grade class

who touch types at the computer.'

(58 year old man writes) , . . "great, excellent. To me a source

of great learning ... I just can't express how much I have

enjoyed it!"

In daily use by schools across the USA.

"Computer aided Instruction at Its best" Commander magazine

TYPING TUTOR + WORD INVADERS

The proven way to learn touch typing.
COMMODORE 64 Tape $21.95
COMMODORE 64 Disk $24.95
VIC20(unexpanded) Tape $21.95

tftf* 1

IFR

{FLIGHT SIMULATOR)

CARTRIDGE
FOR THE VIC 20

^ COMMODORE 64

DISK OH TAPE

$39.95

JOYSTICK REQUIRED

Put yourself in the pilot's seat! A very challenging realistic
simulation of instrument flying In a light plane. Take off,
navigate over difficult terrain, and land at one of the 4 airports.
Artificial horizon, ILS, and other working Instruments on screen.
Full aircraft features. Realistic aircraft performance —
stalls/spins, etc. Transport yourself to a real-time adventure in
the sky. Flight tested by professional pilots and judged
"terrific"!

■■■£■■ Shipping and handling $1.00 per Mj
^■■B order. CA residents add 6% tax. "PR

ACADclilu

SOFW/fRE

P.O. Box 6277, San Rafael, CA 94903 (415) 499-0850

Programmes: Write to our New Program Manager concerning

any exceptional VIC 2QTM or Commodore 64TM gams

or other program you have developed

Circle NO. 2

TAPES ON
COMMAND

• Games

• Education

• Business

• Utilities

•••••••••••

The same great programs of-
fered in each issue of COM-
MANDER are now at your com-
mand! TAPES ON COMMAND
will increase your valuable pro-
gramming time by eliminating
typing and proof reading.

Starting with the December
issue, enjoy TAPES ON COM-
MAND in tape or disk format.
Order a year subscription and
save 25%!

Tape $ 9.95 each
Disk $ 13.95 each

To order TAPES ON COMMAND,
call toll free (800) 426-1830. In
Alaska, Hawaii and Washing-
ton call direct, (206) 584-6757,
or write to COMMANDER Ma-
gazine at P. O. Box 98827,
Tacoma, WA 98498.

24/ COMMANDER • February 1984

Wake up your
SID CHIP with

NOTE PRO

Music/Sound Synthesis
software for the C-64

You've heard the 64 make great sound effects and music. Now
there's a way for you to create your own music and sound effects
without learning a strange new language While the competition
forces you to program long alpha-numeric strings to achieve even
the sho'test piece of music. NOTE PRO is miles ahead, letting you
compose on a simple TREBLE CLEF musical staff.

NOTE PRO II, music and sound effects editor and generator is
untouched by the competition. It gives you all this and more: 32
step TREBLE CLEF edit pad. 254 choices of tempo, all note
durations, choice of LEGATO and STACCATO for each note,
TRANSPOSING by oclaves, ARRANGEMENT in any sequence,
and control of ALL TONE SETTINGS. Use Note Pro II to compose,
or type in sheet music. No musical or sound effects
accomplishment is out of your reach with Note Pro II.

NOTE PRO BRIDGE is a powerful machine language subroutine
which you may copy and add to your own programs. By adding as
few as 14 lines to your basic program you can get music and

sound effects that would be impossible in BASIC. NOTE PRO
BRIDGE will play Note Pro music files or use data that you create
within your programs.

NOTE PRO I is a music editor that combines simplicity and
versatility. Nothing compares for the money.

PLOT- A- LOT is a hi- res screen utility which allows you to create
hi-res screens and add them to your own programs easily.

Note Pro I
Note Pro II
Note Pro Bridge
Plot-A-Lot

tape: $24.95
tape: $46.95
tape: $24.95
tape: $8,95

Visa/MC accepted. We are ELECTRONIC
LAB INDUSTRIES, 100 W 22nd ST, PO Box
7167, Baltimore, WD— (301) 366-8138. Call or
wrile today for your FREE BROCHURE!

Circle No. 1B4

disk: $27.95
disk: $49.95
disk: $27.95
disk: $17.95

ELI

Commodore® owners:
THE FUTURE IS HERE . .

tt

Will your printer Interface pass the Commodore 1 printer test? We don't think $o!! Ours will.

The CONNECTION™ is truly the ultimate parallel interface for the VIC20™/COMMODORE 64™. This fully intelligent

interlace plugs into the disk (serial) socket just like the standard printer and you can easily assign it any device

number. It will provide virtually TOTAL EMULATION of the Commodore' printer including all standard graphic

characters (normal or inverse), column tabbing, dot tabbing, graphic repeat, dot aodressabe graphics, cursor

up/down mode, and more. It responds to all of the standard commands (PRINT #, OPEN, CLOSE, etc.) to

insure software designed for the Commodore* printer will operate with the CONNECTION™. Use it in the

TOTAL TEXT MODE, or purchase our Universal " CONNECTION that works with virtually EVERY DAISY

WHEEL OR MATRIX PRINTER with standard Centronics Parallel configuration. To take lull advantage of

your printer's special features, please specify the printer type. Available for STAR MICRONICS. BX80.

EPSON OKI, NEC, PROWRITER. BANANA. SEIKOSHA. RITEMAN. GEMINI10X and others.

ONLY S1 19.00 Complete. (Additional ROMs are available if you should ever change printers).

THE CONNECTION PROVIDES:

1) A 2K Printer buffer.

2) Full LED Status indicators.

3) Complete Built in self test.

4) Printer reset switch.

5) Adds Skip over peri, margin set, programmable line length, program
list format commands to your printer.

6) No need for extra cost, special tape loader for graphics.

7) All features easily accessed from software.
6} ASCII conversion, TOTAL TEXT, EMULATE, and TRANSPARENT Modes.

•Note: Only the Universal CONNECTION will not provide 100% Commodore graphics.
Circle No. 55

1342B RT 23
BUTLER, NJ

ORDER FROM

micro
umrE

07405 201-838-9027

4$>

k*ggy

e6"^i>°

*<!>5i

#!>*

«*#

0£'

*»SSI39^

^

^

^

*&:.&>..+,*

&

i^

n**

^

tf*

:«*

sp 9 .

owners

newest

want

its full 7V.
splendor, and
another 19 pages
of peripherals,
software and books
that will make your
CBM-64 or VIC
computer even
nicer to live with.
So, if we missed

sending you your
very own copy
within the last few
weeks, call us at
(800) 227-9998
(unless you live
in California, in
which case call
(415) 965-1735.

From Skyles
Electric Works, the
oldest and largest
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business.

Skyles Electric Works

231-E S. Whisman Road
Mountain View, California 94041

Circle No. 210

Duplicating
Data Cassettes

! By Jim Grubbs 5

You've had your computer for a while
and you've gotten pretty good at writing
programs. Now you think you would like
to share your programs with others, either
by selling them, putting them in the public
domain, or maybe just sending them to
Uncle Joe for him to use on his machine.
Of course you can load the program into
the computer from cassette and then
copy from the computer on to another
blank cassette. This is probably the best
way to make a single copy. There is an
easier way for making multiple copies or
making copies of tapes with multiple pro-
grams on them. First a few basics about
magnetic recording in general and data
recording in specific.

YOU TAKE THE HIGH TONE

When you record music using a tape
recorder you are actually placing magnetic
patterns on a thin piece of plastic coated
with a metal oxide. These patterns consist
of many waveforms over a wide frequen-
cy range. To hear what you have recorded
you use the process in reverse, changing
the magnetic patterns back into an elec-
tronic signal which can be amplified and
fed to your speakers. When you record a
computer program on cassette you are
doing something very similar. Your com-
puter generates two tones, sometimes
called (in old teletype terms) mark and
space. By switching rapidly between the
two tones, binary (on/off) data can be
represented on the tape. This is known as
AFSK, audio frequency shift keying. In the
case of the VIC and some other machines,
some processing of this signal takes place.

Unlike recording music with its complex
waveforms of many instruments playing
at the same time, for data we can record
square waves or something very close to
pure square waves to represent our binary
ones and zeros. Square waves are what

they sound like. Rather than changing
amplitude in a gradual fashion or decay-
ing slowly as some instruments do, they
rise almost instantaneously and fall just as
sharply when completed. This is exactly
what we need for data storage, on and
off, or high and low tones, with no
"twilight zone" region in between them.
Even though we have done a specializ-
ed version of recording to best suit the
needs of our computer, the end result is
still audio frequencies recorded on a
cassette tape. Take one of your programs
and put it into any cassette recorder used
for regular tapes. What you hear when
you play it will usually start with a single
tone and then a buzz saw sou nd, fo! lowed
by another period of single tone at the end
of the program. This may be a new ex-
perience for many VIC owners who do not
normally have the option of hearing their
tapes since the Commodore Data Cas-
sette was designed specifically for use
with the computer and has no speaker
built in. If you have the opportunity to view
your tape signal on an oscilloscope, you
will see square waves. With a good scope
and a lot of patience you can actually
freeze a portion of thedata and translate it
into the contents of the tape at that point.

ALL IN AN

EIGHTH OF AN INCH

Let's talk about the format of your data
cassette for a moment. The VIC and most
other machines record standard "half
track" monophonic signals. This means
that on a cassette tape, which is an eighth
of an inch in width, something a little less
than one-sixteenth of an inch is magnetiz-
ed with the data transmission from your
computer. This will leave the bottom half
of the tape blank, which means when we
finish recording on side one the tape can
be flipped over, placing that blank portion

on the top side. If everything is in proper
alignment on your data cassette and you
play back a tape made from your com-
puter on a high quality stereo cassette
deck with VU meters you will notice two
things. One is that the meters will prob-
ably be pinned, that is, indicate maximum
level. The other is that the meters should
be pretty much at the same level, if one is
significantly lower than the other, or the
levels waiver back and forth between
channels, one of the tape heads is out of
alignment, the tape has warped, and/or
you are using cheap tape. If you suspect
that the tape head on your data cassette is
out of alignment, servicing should be ob-
tained from a technician familiar with tape
head alignment. It is not something the
novice computerist should attempt.
Special alignment tapes are used and the
head is adjusted to a standard so that it will
be in alignment with all tapes that have
been recorded properly.

One source of errors in data recording is
noise. By keeping the level as high as possi-
ble the signal-to-noise ratio can be kept
high, reducing the likelihood of noise mu-
tilating the data. Additionally, at full
saturation magnetic recording media will
tend to clip, that is, the peaks will be flat-
tened out. In this case, that is a desirable
effect. After all we want either a high or a
low, not something in between. In normal
music recording this clipping would be
perceived as distortion, but for our pur-
pose a bit of clipping can be helpful. We
don't want to overdo it though. After a
certain point other nasty things can begin
to happen and we end up with undesired
signals on our tape.

MASTER AND SLAVE

It is possible to play back your master

tape made with your computer on one

recorder and duplicate it as you would a

February 1984 • COMMANDERI27

GLOUCESTER
COMPUTER

Tools for learning and

dedicated applications

programming.

PRQMQLJEEN Write code for most
common 8-bit microprocessors, test it
in circuit, and
burn it on EP-
ROM with this
all-in-one mic-
ro development
system cart-
ridge. Power-
ful machine code editor provides com-
prehensive RQMware development sup-
port. Ideal for robotics, process control,
game development. Commodore VIC 20
host computer. Programs 2716, 2732,
2758 EPROHS and similar EPROMS.

$199.00

PQ/EjU all features of Promqueen less
mimic mode. Software enhanced to in-
clude EPROM QC utilities, RS-232 com-
munication, printouts. 28 pin 71 F socket.
Reads, edits
runs and pro-
grams all 5 volt
2500 and 2700
series EPROMS
plus variety of
EEPROMS all
without per-
sonality modules
host computer.
PQ/&L. RS pack performs RS-232
voltage conversions for PQ/64 system.

$49.00

Commodore C-G4
$299.00

Plug your applications software into
Commodore's computers on Gloucester
Computer ROM Packs. Our top quality
ROM cartridges include

- bypassing on
all chips

- low noise lay-
out with ground
plane

- solder mask _

and gold plated edge connector

-wave soldered assembly and solvent
cleaning

- DIP switch for address selection
VIC-20 versions include model V-8 for
two 2732 EPROMS and model V-1G for 4
2732 EPROMS. C-64 versions include
model C-16 for four 2732 EPROMS and
model B-16 for two 27G4 EPROMS.

All products shipped with comprehen-
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Circle No 59

music tape on another recorder. The tap-
ing should always be done with patch
cords. Holding a mike to the speaker
creates too much background noise and
will no doubt result in a copy that will not
load. Small portable units can be used as
well as high quality stereo cassette decks,
but there are some cautions.

If you are using two mono cassette re-
corders you are pretty much ready to go at
this point. If the recorder has a meter on it,
set the recording level so that it sits in the
red-not against the pin but above the
normal level. If you have a tone control, set
it to the position that allows maximum
high frequency response. A little ex-
perimentation may be necessary but you
will be on your way to duplicating any pro-
gram that is stored on cassette.

If you are using two stereo cassette
decks, some additional points should be
considered. In stereo recording two chan-
nels are packed into the space occupied by
the single channel in a mono recording.
This really starts splitting that eighth inch
tape pretty thin with four separate chan-
nels being recorded on it. The logical step
would be to allow both channels to be
recorded at equal level. DON'T DO IT!

"Unlike recording music, for
data we can record square
waves to represent binary
ones and zeros. "

Keep in mind that we are dealing with
rapidly changing high and low signals
representing our binary data. These are
being received by the computer at a
relatively high speed. Theoretically we
have two signals, one on each stereo
track, that are absolutely identical. In prac-
tice those two signals may be slightly out
of step orsynchronization with each other.
This is guaranteed to drive your computer
bonkers. The solution is very simple. Turn
down the right channel in the recorder
you are using to make the copy. In other
words, record left channel only. This will
decrease the signal to noise ratio ever so
slightly but will eliminate the phasing or
sychronization problems mentioned. Use
the left channel because it is on the out-
side of the tape, mimimizing cross talk be-
tween the two sides.

ALL IS NOT LOST

Tapes that will not load on your
machine due to improper recording may
be salvageable using your home stereo
system, particularly if you have an equal-
izer or some method of controlling the
tone from one recorder to another. By ad-
justing the frequency response, usually

boosting the high frequencies and/or
changing the level, sometimes a bad tape
can be saved. Remember the waivering
signals mentioned earlier? Look to see
which channel, left or right, consistently
stays at the highest level and re-record that
one, even if it is the right channel. This too,
will cure many problems encountered
with tapes received from others.

CARE AND FEEDING

Regular cleaning of the tape head in
your recorder is a must. The oxide on the
tape will clog the tape head which could
lead to not being able to load a cassette at
all. Periodic cleaning will eliminate this pro-
blem. Using a good tape will help even
more. Stay away from the three-for-a-
dollar variety that you find at the checkout
counter in many stores. Check the ads in
COMMANDER. You will find many high
quality cassette tapes specifically formula-
ted for data recording at very reasonable
prices.

Another item that many people over-
look is a tape head demagnetizer. Contin-
ually running a magnetized tape over the
tape head is just like running a low power
magnet across the heads. After a while
the head will become magnetized also,
causing more load errors. It may even
harm your previously recorded tapes. See
your recorder's instruction manual for the
proper way to clean and de-magnetize
tape heads.

If you have a program that you want to
save forever be sure and remove the safety
tab in the cassette. There are two of these,
one for each side. You will find them on
the back edge of the cassette. Removing
them will keep you from accidentally re-
cording over your favorite program. If at
any time you do want to use the tape to
record again, just put a small piece of tape
over the hole.

Data storage is a very important part of
computing. With the methods described
you can record multiple copies of your
programs with minimal effort and time.

2BICOMMANDER • February 1984

Introduction to Assembly
Language Programming

Part XIII: Wedges

! By Eric Giguere !

Last month we took a look at the IRQ
vector and how to use it to add certain
features to the computer. This month we
look at a similar concept, involving a
routine at the very heart of the BASIC in-
terpreter.

CHRGET

CHRGET is the name for a small
machine language routine located from
$0073 to $008A in memory. Notice it is
located in page zero of memory. Being in
page zero allows it to run faster than
otherwise possible if it were anywhere
else. This is because zero page instructions
(ones that access only page zero of
memory, such as LDA $02) take less time
to execute than absolute (non-zero page)
instructions. Refer to Figure 1 for the
disassembly of the CHRGET routine.

What is CHRGET used for? Basically, it is
used to get a value or 'character' (hence
the name) from memory. This may sound
trivial, but the fact is that CHRGET is used
by most of the BASIC ROM routines. By
setting the pointer at $7A and $7B to the
start of a BASIC program in memory, the
interpreter can retrieve each byte in a line
one at a time and process them as need-
ed. CHRGET is also used in the IMMEDIATE
or DIRECT mode. This is the mode the
computer is in when it isn't running a pro-
gram, but is waiting for you to enter a
command (it displays the famous 'READY.'
prompt). When you enter something on
the screen, the line is transferred to the in-
put buffer, a section of memory from
$020®-$0258 used to interpret com-
mands in immediate mode. Here, too, the
BASIC interpreter uses the CHRGET
routine to fetch each character from the
input buffer, one at a time. CHRGET is truly
one of the crucial routines in memory.

CHRGET is also a very efficient piece of
code, as you may have surmised by taking
a look at Figure 1. NoticetheLDA$FFFFin
line 9. This is the instruction that retrieves
the next character from memory. In this

example $FFFF is simply a dummy value;
the real value (which we can refer to as
POINTR) is always changing. The neat
thing about CHRGET is that each call to it
incrementsthe POINTR by 1, by incremen-
ting the bytes pointing to the location
themselves. Note that if you access the
routine starting only at CHRGOT ($0079)
you will load the current character being
accessed because you haven't increased
the pointer. This self-modification feature
of CHRGET supplants the need for fancy
indexing routines using the X or Y
registers.

FIGURE 7

Besides getting the next character in
memory, CHRGET also sets certain status
flags depending upon certain conditions.
If the character loaded is a colon (ASCII
$3A) or a null-byte ($00, indicating the
end of program line), the Z flag is set, and a
BEQ after a JSR CHRGET will succeed. This
checks for end-of-statement/end-of-line.
If instead the character happens to be a
numeral (0-9, ASCII values $30 to $39),
the carry bit will be cleared, thanks to the
intriguing code from lines 14 to 17. Other-
wise the carry will be set. CHRGET also
uses the code at lines 12 and 13 to skip

FILENAME:

CHRGET. OBJ

LINE

RDDR

CODE

LRBEL

OPC

OPERAND

COMMENTS

0001

8073

; CHRG

11 ROUTINE

0082

0073

i RS FOUND

IN VIC AND C64

0003

0B73

j

0304

0073

ORG

$8973

0003

0073

;

9006

0073

E6

7fl

CHRGET

INC

CHRGOT+1

INCREMENT LOU BYTE

0007

0075

H0

02

BNE

CHRGOT

CHECK FOR NEW PAGE

0008

9077

E6

7B

INC

CHRGOT+2

INCREMENT HIGH BYTE

0069

0079

fiD

FF FF

CHRGOT

LDfl

iFFFF

GET CHARACTER C*FFFF"DUMNY VALUE >

0018

007C

C9

3f»

CMP

#'■

CHECK FOR COLON

0011

007E

60

©R

BCS

EXIT

IF COLON OR GREATER EXIT

0012

0990

C9

20

CMP

#32

CHECK FOR SPACE

0013

0082

F0

EF

BEQ

CHROET

SKIP SPACES

0014

0064

38

SEC

0015

0385

E9

.30

SBC

#*30

THIS WILL SET THE CARRY BIT

0816

9097

36

sec

001?

0088

E9

D0

SBC

#*D0

WHEN ACC. IS NOT #*30 TO #*39

0S1S

008R

60

EXIT

RT3

0019

008B

8020

008B

; NOTE

I THE DUMMY BYTE'

5 FOLLOW INC' CHRGOT

0821

009B

CRN BE REFERRE]

) TO AS 'POINTR'

0822

008B

RSSEMBLV COMPLETE.

SYMBOL TABLE:

CHRQET-*0073 CHRGOT-$0379 EXIT $08SR

PROGRAM START: *0073

PROGRAM END: *e6BB

February 1984 • COMMANDERI29

over any spaces (ASCII $20). Any routine
calling CHRGET can easily tell if it has
reached the end of a statement or if the
character retrieved is a numeral (perhaps
indicating a program line number). This
feature is used in Figure 3, which we'll get
to later.

WEDGING INTO CHRGET

Because CHRGET is in RAM we can easi-
ly make changes to it. It's possible to in-
tercept characters retrieved by CHRGET
and make use of them somehow. Pro-
grams such as DOS AD or my very own
VICDOS (formerly named DOSPLUS-see
the February 1 983 issue of COMMANDER)
actually do this. By slightly altering
CHRGET these programs can search for a
certain flag character, such as '@' or '>'
and if encountered jump to some other
routine to execute something (such as
sending all characters following the flag to
the disk drive as a command). What you
use CHRGET for is up to your imagination.
But how do you alter CHRGET in the first
place?

The solution is to place a 'wedge' right
in the middle of CHRGET. A wedge is
basically a JMPorJSR instruction 'wedged'
into other code to temporarily divert the
microprocessor to another piece of code.
A wedge is used when there isn't enough

Figure 2

FILENAME: HEDOE.OBJ

memory or it's very awkward to rewrite
the whole routine we're wedging into.
The wedge can also be referred to as a
'patch', though this is used more often as
a reference to corrective code use to im-
prove or correct programs.

Figure 2 is a general CHRGET wedge
program, complete with explanations as
to what each line of code does. It should
be noted that there are several spots to
put wedges into CHRGET but I prefer
placing it in line 10 of Figure 1, right after
the LDA instruction. Going quickly
through Figure 2, lines 10 to 16 initialize
the wedge by placing a 'JMP $0349' in the
CHRGET routine. This routine is called by a
SYS 828 (from BASIC) or a JSR $033C and
returns when finished. The CHRGET
routine will now jump to $0349 each time
it is called. Your initialization routine may
make it point somewhere else, but make
sure you have the proper code in place. I'll
be referring to specific memory locations
in my examples but please remember they
can refer to anywhere you wish to place
them.

Lines 18 to 27 form the wedge routine.
Here the character is pushed onto the
stack and then examined to see if it is an
ampersand ('&'). If not, the routine bran-
ches to EXIT. Another check is then made
to make sure the computer is in irn-

LINE HDDR CODE

LABEL nPC OPERAND

09(31
0002

0033

3894

B035

>r.:'--:
0007
as,v
08 ■ ;
081 3

em

8012
3013
£591,1
3013

0C1.fi
0017

esie

0019
8050

9821

3822

0023
3024
6027

08?6
0027
-•■■■;:
3829
0030
0031
0«?
0033
0334
0033
003S
0037
0336
033?

33 30
033C
0330
033C
333C
03 3 C
033C
033C
033C
033C
933E
9340
3342
n-^4^
334S
0348
3349
0349
0349
334C
934E
3330
3352
3334
0336
0333
0339
333B
335B
933C
03SE
9358
036 1
0364
8364
i ..;--
8:--"3
0363
0?S9

GENEPflL 'WEDGE' PROGRAM
EDS' USE ON THE VIC OR C64

BY ERIC OIOUERE
OCT, 15/83

99 40
83 7C
99 49
95 ?D
R9 S3
S3 7E

43

C9 2£
D3 3D
95 7B
09 32
DP 07
R3 D4
D0 03
S*
D0 09

68

CS 3A

98 01

£0

4C SO 00

EH

ORG *933C

SETWTJG LOR #I4C
STA $7C
LDfl tCWEDOE
STfl *7D
LDfl #>UEDGE
STfl I?E
RTS

LIE DOE

PHB

CMP #'4

BNE EXIT

LDfl *7B

CMP #*32

BHE EXIT

LDB *D4

BHE EXIT
RLA

BNE PROCES

EXIT »LA

CMP f ' :

BCC JUMP
RTS

JUMP JMP *0888

PROCES HOP

S3 6C 02 03 ENBPRG JMP (J0302)

: PROGRAM STARTS IN C9S3ETTE BUFFER

: PLACE THE OPCODES FOP 'JMP'
JAND THE WEDGE ADDRESS INTO THE
: CHRGET ROUTINE

: HEDGE 13 ACTIVATED- = ETUPr< to BAStC.

; CHECK INCOMING CHARACTER

:NOT UHftT WE LJflNT, SO LEAVE

; CHECK TO M9KE SURE THERE ISN'T

:«. PROGRAM RUNNING

.: IF SO/ LEAVE

; CHECK T,T SEE IF QUOTE MODE ON

;IF SO, LEAVE

;00 TO BNE PROCESSING ROUTINE

; CONTINUE CHRGET
ENTER VOUR CODE STARTING HERE

; RETURN TO BASIC WHEN FINISHED
! USING ABOVE LINE

ASSEMBLV COMPLETE,

SVMFOL TABLE:

SETMD0-W33C

ENDPR0-S33S3

HEME — *8349 EXIT J935B JUMP— t036l PRCCES-f03S4

PRGGRRM START: J033C 'PROGRAM ENB ■ *3369

30'lCOMMANDER • February 1984

mediate mode. If it is, location $7B will
equal 2. A final check is made to make
sure 'quote mode' is off, and that this isn't
part of a PRINT statement, If everything is
OK the original character is pulled off the
stack (even though we don't need it) and
the routine branches to PROCES. EXIT is a
routine that replaces the code we
destroyed in CHRGET by placing the
wedge. It mimics what happens in lines 1
to 18 of Figure 1.

PROCES is the start of your own pro-
cessing routine. What you place here is en-
tirely up to you. When you've ended your
code you should leave in one of two ways:
1) via a JMP ($0302), or 2) via a JMP
$0073. The former will ignore whatever is
left of the input line after you processed it,
while the latter can be used to letthe com-
puter process the rest of the line normally.
The choice depends on your program.
You should also notice that even though
Figure 2 is my 'standard' wedge program,
there is still considerable room for change.
You can simply change the CMP state-
ment in line 19 to check for a different
character, or you could add multiple CMPs
for several different functions. Simply
keep the same logic shown in Figure 2 and
everything should be all right.

MULTIPOKE

As an example of using a wedge in
CHRGET, I have included a program I call
MULTIPOKE. Loaded into the cassette buf-
fer, MULTIPOKE is basically an extended
POKE statement that lets you poke values
into successive memory locations without
a whole string of POKE statements. To use
MULTIPOKE, type in the BASIC loader pro-
gram for your computer (Figures 4a or 4b)
or use an assembler to assemble the listing
in Figure 3 and load the code directly.
Once in memory the code is activated by a
SYS 828, and deactivated by a SYS 919.

The command format for MULTIPOKE is

as follows:
&address, value (.value,...., value):

'Address' is the starting memory location
to be POKEd while 'value' is a value from
0-255. The command must be in a pro-
gram line (it won't work in immediate
mode) and must end with a colon (':'),
even if it's the only thing in the line. What it
will do is POKE the first value into memory
location 'address', and then POKE the sec-
ond (if any) into address + 1 , and so on un-
til it reaches the end of the statement.
Each value must be preceded by a com-
ma. As an example, the line:

10 & 53280, 3, 1:
would POKE 3 into location 53280 and 1
into 53281. MULTIPOKE will also work
Continued on page 132

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Electronic Blackboard

Reviews of Educational
Software

■fly Maryanne Dodd !

This month I wilt focus on software
designed for computer assisted instruc-
tion (CAI) in mathematics. There are prob-
ably more educational programs written
for math than all of the other academic
areas combined. This is because math is a
highly structured, precise discipline, and
lends itself to computer instruction more
readily than most other subjects.

When using CAI, the teacher must
always keep in mind the individual needs
and abilities of the children using the pro-
gram. Some programs may be perfect for
one child while another child will be bored
or frustrated. Also, certain programs as-
sume no prior knowledge in an area and
teach whole concepts, while others act as
drill or reinforcement of previously learned
skills. The programs in this month's review
vary in the amount of initial instruction of
concepts and the range of skilis covered.

COMPARING WHOLE NUMBERS from
Creative Equipment is a CAI package that
provides initial instruction of concepts as
well as drill. The program is designed
around one very specific objective-teach-
ing the relative value of whole numbers.

PIN BALL MATH by Taylormade is de-
signed to provide tutoring and drill in the
four basic arithmetic operations after the
student has had initial instruction.

FLOWER POWER by Softwave provides
no teaching of concepts, but does involve
multiplication drill at various skill levels.

TITLE:

FORMAT:

PRICE:
MODEL:
AUDIENCE:
SUMMARY

SOURCE:

COMPARING
WHOLE NUMBERS

Diskette and Cartridge

$79.95

Commodore 64

Third grade

CAI program that teaches

the comparison of whole

numbers.

CREATIVE EQUIPMENT

6864 West Flagler Steet

Miami, FL 33144

{305)261-7866

Robin the wise old owl personally invites
all third graders to join her for fun and
adventure as they learn to compare whole
numbers together. This is accomplished
through a new software package, COM-
PARING WHOLE NUMBERS by Robin F.
Brown from Creative Equipment.

ftLEX, PLEftSE STUOV
THIS CARErM.IV "

v;

COMPARING WHOLE NUMBERS is de-
signed to teach the concepts "less than,"
"greater than," and "equal to" as they
relate to whole numbers, on the third
grade level. The program is contained on a
diskette and cartridge which are loaded
into the computer together with an
automatic boot. The menu has a choice of
four different types of lessons: numbers
0-99, numbers 0-999, numbers 0-9999
and word problems.

After selection is made, Robin the owl
says "Hi" and invites the student to type
his or her name and age. The program
then personalizes the lesson by making a
comment about the child's age and refer-
ring to the student by name. The compari-
sion symbols and place values are then in-
troduced, followed by several screens of
examples. The student's name is used fre-
quently, and Robin draws attention to
details on the computer blackboard by
pointing with her wing. Follow-up instruc-
tions are offered if the initial directions are
not fully understood.

The student then answers comparison
questions by using the function keys and
keyboard. Correct responses receive

positive reinforcement sentences which
include the student's name. Incorrect
responses bring gentle reminders tocheck
the place value or to remember the sym-
bols. After three consecutive incorrect
responses, Robin suggests that the stu-
dent review the concepts again. Then the
computer will automatically present a
short review before any new questions are
given.

At the end of each lesson there is a sum-
mary stating the number correct, the
number incorrect and the percentage cor-
rect. The computer then tells the student
either to proceed to the next lesson or to
review the concepts and do the same
lesson again.

Also accompanying the program is a
loose leaf binder containing complete
documentation, specific behavioral objec-
tives for each lesson, and worksheets with
pre-tests and post-tests. The documenta-
tion is undoubtedly the most complete I
have seen for any program. The program
is truly "user friendly." Complete instruc-
tions are given, including a chart that ex-
plains what to do if the program fails to
load.

I feel that COMPARING WHOLE NUM-
BERS is an excellent piece of software for
classroom use. The positive interaction
with Robin the owl would provide a plea-
sant learning experience. The program is
broad enough that children with a wide
range of abilities would benefit from its
use. Some students might be able to
master comparisons by using just the pro-
gram a few times, while others might
need to use both the program and the
worksheets. There is enough to provide
everyone with sufficient and varied prac-
tice. Even though the program is of such
high quality I hesitate to recommend it for
home use because of the cost and limited
scope. It would be an excellent program to
use at home if you have access to a soft-
ware library, or if a child is having difficulty
with the relative value of numbers.

34ICOMMANDER • February 1984

TITLE:

PINBALL MATH

FORMAT:

Diskette or Cassette

PRICE:

Cassette $19.95

Diskette $24.95

MODEL:

Commodore 64

SUMMARY

: CAI tutorial and drill of basic

arithmetic operations.

SOURCE:

TAYLORMADE SOFTWARE

P.O. Box 5574

Lincoln, NE 68505

(402) 464-9051

SIOP

Mxi rKomm

V /

AKSUEit

\

I"

T" « |

PINBALL MATH from Taylormade is a
math tutorial and drill involving the four
basic operations (addition, subtraction,
multiplication and division). The program
centers around a replica of a pinbail
machine drawn on the screen with math
problems displayed inside of it. If the stu-
dent enters the correct solution the pinbail
machine lights up, flashes, and produces
typical pinbail sounds. If an incorrect
response is entered a pinbail man gobbles
up the wrong answer, After three incor-
rect responses the correct one is displayed.

There are three levels of difficulty for
each operation. The easiest level focuses
on drill of the basic facts for that opera-
tion. During the easy level the child can
count the number of balls before they
change into numbers on the screen. The
remaining two levels provide tutoring and
drill of procedures unique to the specific
operation.

During the medium level of addition,
three-digit addends are used with
regrouping occurring randomly. The hard
level of addition presents column addition
with three addends. A question mark
prompts the student to make a keyboard
entry, one digit at a time. Responses are
entered from right to left and the com-
puter checks and corrects (if necessary)
each digit before another one can be
entered.

The medium level of subtraction con-
sists of a three digit minuend and a two
digit subtrahend with no regrouping. The
hard level of subtraction contains pro-
blems that may or may not require
regrouping. As in addition, the solution is
entered from right to left with each digit
being individually checked.

The medium level of multiplication has
a three digit number multiplied by a single
number. At the hard level, a three digit
number is multiplied by a two digit num-
ber. The student is expected to work the
problem on the screen. The program uses
question mark prompts to keep place
values straight.

The medium and hard division levels are
very similarto the multiplication segments
in that the medium level has a three-digit
number that is divided by a one-digit
divisor, and the hard segment has a three-
digit number that is divided by a two-digit
divisor. The method used to solve the

problems is standard long division, similar
to that taught in most classrooms. The stu-
dent enters the quotient and the com-
puter does the multiplying. The student
then subtracts and brings down the next
number. If an incorrect quotient is entered
the computer will prompt with "Too
small" or "Too large", and multiply the
number that the student entered to
demonstrate the error.

Points are recorded on the pinbail
machine according to the amount of time
taken to enter a response. The easy games
consist of five hundred points, medium
games are one thousand points and hard

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February1984 • COMMANDERI35

games are two thousand points. After
game points are attained the points roll
over and another game at the same level
begins. When the student wishes to end
the practice he pushes the "f 1 " key, and an
evaluation consisting of the number of
problems, number of games, amount of
time taken, and the percentage of first
answers correct is given.

PINBALL MATH is built around sound
education principles. The methods of solv-
ing the problems is the same sequential
method found in many elementary school
curricula. The numbers are large and
presented on a contrasting background
that is easy for young children to read.
Mistakes are recognized instantly and the
student is shown exactly where each
mistake occurred. I especially like the non-
threatening way the ball gobbles up
mistakes so that they are erased and
forgotten quickly. Pinball math would
definitely be beneficial to a child who is
just learning a new math operation such
as long division, or to a child who vaguely
knows how to do an operation but needs
review and practice to achieve mastery.

TITLE: FLOWER POWER

FORMAT: Diskette

PRICE: $39.95

MODEL: Commodore 64

AUDIENCE: First grade through junior
high school.

SUMMARY: CAI math drills involving
whole numbers, fractions,
decimals and the four basic
arithmetic operations.

SOURCE: SOFTWAVE

156 Drake Lane
Summertown, TN 38483
(615)964-3537

FLOWER POWER by Softwave presents
an almost unlimited supply of math drills.
There are a total of thirteen different pro-
blem categories. The student chooses the
type of number (whole, fraction, or
decimal), and then the basic arithmetic
operation (addition, subtraction,
multiplication or division). Alternatively
the student may choose to practice
fraction-decimal conversion.

S6ICOMMANDER • February 1984

After the student has entered his or her
name and chosen the type of practice, a
problem appears on the screen "land-
scape." For each correct response a flower
grows in the garden and "right" is flashed
on the screen. If an incorrect response is
given a weed grows among the flowers
and the statement "No, that's not it. Try
again" is flashed onthe screen. Afterthree
tries the correct answer is given. After ten
problems a summary is given of the
number of correct responses on the first
try as well as a final score based on the
number correct and the time taken to
enter each response.

FLOWER POWER has the capability of
charting students' progress and storing
separate data for up to thirty names. The
first time the student chooses a type of
drill, the program starts at level one.
Thereafter, the computer will automati-
cally place each student at the same level
attained the last time that he or she used
the program. When a series of correct
responses are given the computer
automatically advances the student to
more difficult skill levels. After an incorrect
response the computer drops back to a
less difficult skill level and gives five prac-
tice problems, then gradually increases
the difficulty level.

Also included on the diskette is a
separate utility program called REPORT.
This program lists the skill level of each stu-
dent for each operation and the high
score attained at each level attempted. In-
dividual student's scores may be examined
on the screen, and a hard copy of scores
for all users may be obtained with a
printer.

FLOWER POWER is not a teaching pro-
gram. There are no explanations or
prompts that explain procedures or
analyze errors. All problems are presented
horizontally and the responses are
entered from left to right. There is no pro-
vision for the student to work the prob-
lems on the screen. In fact, after level five
the student will not be able to solve the

problems mentally and will need to use
paper and pencil. FLOWER POWER is a
good program for drill after a student has
obtained an understanding of the basic
rules governing a given arithmetic opera-
tion, but has neither achieved an accep-
table level of speed nor a high degree of
accuracy. The multiple skill levels allow for
utilization by a class or family with a wide
range of math abilities. The time factor is
present but its effect is subtle. Although
points are based upon the duration of
time taken to enter a correct response,
there is no pressure or penalty. The prob-
lem does not flash or disappear when a
student takes longer to enter an answer.
The graphics and sound used in the pro-
gram are simply done. An unobtrusive
sound accompanies the growing flowers.
The landscape and flowers are shown in
bright colors that do not distract from the
math. Young primary students will enjoy
the immediate reinforcement of flowers
growing on the screen. The short
segments often problems followed by an
evaluation will provide the immediate
feedback that young students need. Older
students may be unimpressed by the
flowers and weeds, but will find the multi-
ple levels challenging. With calculator in
hand I tried to find the upper limits of the
levels but I gave up after reaching level
twenty-six. However, I am sure that many
sixth graders would try to find the highest
level just to prove that it is there.

VIC 20 / COMMODORE 64
INCOME TAX PROGRAM

-1983 Forms 1040, 2441, Schedules A, B, D, G

-Menu Driven

-Saves Tax Data on Disk/Tape

-Optional Printer Output

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-VIC 20 Requires 24K Expander

-Dealer Inquiries Invited

SEND ORDERS
OR INQUIRIES TO:

UC SOFTWARE

P.O. BOX 2036

UNIVERSAL CITY,

TX 78148

Circle No. 201

BASIC Education:
Programming for Learning

Part II: The Quiz

^^M^^^^^^By AnHy Van Duyne i

Perhaps we all remember with a small
amount of terror those days In school
when a message wouid appear on the
blackboard saying "Quiz tomorrow", or
the teacher would walk into the room
armed with freshly dittoed papers for a
pop quiz. For many of us the word "quiz"
has both bad and humorous connota-
tions-it is a rather funny sounding word,
but often one suffered through a quiz as if
it were a form of punishment. These short
tests, though, can provide valuable infor-
mation for the teachers (or these days,
"learning facilitators") as to the progress
of the students in their charge and the
identification of individual strengths and
weaknesses.

A quiz is used not to teach, but to assess
knowledge. It can take several forms, in-
cluding fill-in-the-blank, writing a short
sentence or paragraph, connecting two
elements with lines, true/false, or multiple
choice.

Of these, several are difficult to "com-
puterize". Fill-in-the-blank would require
string inputs, and the evaluation routines
would have to be able to handle the va-
garies of spelling, spacing, capitalization,
or perhaps an answer that is correct but
not the teacher's intended response. (This
embarrassing situation occurs more fre-
quently than most teachers would like to
admit.) These same problems are com-
pounded for sentence input. (Jack bought
some magic beans-The beans bought by
Jack were magic-Jack purchased some
beans that proved to be magic in nature.)
Connecting elements with lines would be
nice if a light pen were involved, or if the
Commodores had a little more sophis-
ticated high resolution ability and the stu-
dents were proficient with cursor move-
ment.

This leaves true/false and multiple
choice on our list. Although these forms of
quiz are very easily programmed, they
both have their detractors. True/false,
some argue, does little to define the stu-
dent's ability level, and is conducive to
guessing. Since an equal distribution of
answers is usually a goal in formulating a
quiz or test, a student could answer TRUE
to every question on a "well designed"
true/false test and still score fifty percent
correct, even with no knowledge of the
subject, matter. Critics of multiple choice
testing say that it also fails to assess subject
knowledge accurately, as the answer is
presented to the student {along with the
bogus responses) and the student needs
only to recognize it instead of hauling the
answer up from the depths of the mind.

As mentioned, true/false and multiple
choice tests are easily adapted to the com-
puter's binary brain because only a simple
entry needs to be made from a limited list
of precisely defined choices. Either it is
right or it isn't, and no partial credit need
be considered. The more common of the
two is the multiple choice test.

If you will be testing the same informa-
tion many times, it might behoove you to
write a specific program to administerthat
specific test. However, writing a whole
new program for each multiple choice test
soon becomes tedious and more trouble
than it is worth. Another approach is illus-
trated by the two programs listed here.
QUIZZER will present a multiple choice test
in a standard format. It can include as
many questions as the instructor wants.
The question is written, followed by four
possible responses. Performance analysis
is given at the end of the program, with
reports on the number of correct and in-
correct responses, and the total percen-
tage correct.

The QUIZ WRITER program is used to
create files for QUIZZER. Using this system,
a teacher can create several different tests
by creating several files, each of which can
be used by the same testing prog ram . The
two programs are designed to run on
either the VIC-20 or the C-64, and files
created on either machine can also be us-
ed on the other one. This is very handy if
you shuttle between both computers
from home to school, as I do. The inter-
changeability is achieved by formatting a
routine in the QUIZZER program that is us-
ed to print all strings. After specifying
which computer you are using at the
beginning of the RUN, the formatting will
take effect so that words are only very
rarely broken in the middle. More on this
later. Neither program is long or compli-
cated, but by using the tape file technique,
the amount of tested material is limited
only by the length of the tape used for the
file!

THE QUIZ WRITING PROGRAM

Here is an outline of QUIZ WRITER:
Lines 1 0-70 give program title, secure the
number of questions and file name, open
the file, and record the number of entries
to be made. Lines 100-1 10 get the ques-
tions and four choices for answers. Lines
115-117 record which response is correct.
Line 120 prints the question, responses,
and correct answer to the tape, then loops
for the next question. Lines 130- 199 close
the file and end the program. Lines
200-207 is the string input routine. The
string is built using GETs, and your ques-
tions and answers can be up to 255
characters long. You may also include
commas in your strings. However, when
the commas are stored on tape, they are
stored as the English pound sign. Other-
wise, the comma would be interpreted as
February 1984 • COMMANDERI37

the end of the entry and the information
on the tape would not be read correctly on
playback, A 'cursor' is represented by the
check mark-CHR$(186) in upper/lower
case. The delete key is also enabled by us-
ing the subroutine at line 220.

The QUIZ WRITER program is rather
easy to use. Just have your questions ready
and follow the prompts on the screen,
You need to supply the file name and
number of questions, each question with
four choices, and the correct choices, and
the correct choice number for each. That's
it!

10 REM QUIZ WRITER

20 PRINT" CclrHdoun,
2 timesJ**QUIZCsp
] WRITER**"

30 INPUT" [down/ 2 ti
fr)*s]#[ftp]OF[ftP]QUE
STI0NSCsP3 / ';HM*

40 INPUT' '[down. 2 ti
m»s]NRMECsP]OFCsP]
FILEUP]"JF$

50 PRINT"CclrO"CHR*
C14)

60 OPENl/l/liF*

70 PRINT*l,HMf
100 FORN-lTOVflUHMf;

102 PRINT" [clrKdoum]
Cshf-GHUESTIONLsP
]#"N

104 GOSUB200:RSa>-Q*

106 F0RZ*2T05

103 PRINT" C*hf -A3 NSWE
R[»P3#"Z-1

110 GOSUB200:R*CZ>»Q$:
NEXT

115 INPUT" tdoumHahf -
W]HICHLftP3ISCsP3CO
RRECT";Cf

117 IFC*<"l"0RCf>"4
"THEN115

36ICOMMANDER • r-eDruary1984

120 F0RZ*1T03:PRINT#1,
P.S(Z):NEXTZ:PRINT#
i,C*:NEXTN

130 CLOSE1

140 PRINT"EclrHdoum,
2 tlfnM][*hf-V30U

rcsp^filecspdiscsp

3 NOW"

142 PRINT" C dour. 3 ON [*.*
3TRPE.. ..'"'

139 END

200 REM GET STR

201 Q**"":pRINTCHRf<
166);

202 GETR$:IFR$=""THE
N202

203 I FRf »CHR* (13) THENF
RINT: RETURN

204 IFRf-CHR$C20)THENG
OSUB220 : GOTO202

205 PRINT" ntftr'flfC

HR$a86>;

206 IFR*«"/"THENR**'
£"

207 Q**Q$+fl* : GOTOi^

220 Dt^LEFT^CQfjLENOa*

)-l):PRINT"Cl*ft/

2 times3"CHR*U8

6>"[SP3Cl#ft]"J :

RETURN

GIVING THE QUIZ

QUIZZER presents the quiz that was
created. . Just load and run the pro-
gram, and use the file tape generated with
QUIZ WRITER. Here is the outline: Lines
10-4© start the program and secure the
screen width (SW) by asking for which
machine is in use. Lines 50-70 get the file
name and open the file. Lines 80-96 ad-
vise the user how many questions are in-
volved and wait for a RETURN before con-
tinuing. Lines 1 00-1 1 2 read the questions

and choices from the tape and put them
on the screen. Line 1 1 2 checks to see if the
response is out of range. (This type of
string input is used in both programs-it is
very easy to check, and witl not cause un-
wanted occurrences if a 'q' is accidentally
entered instead of a number). Lines
120-122 check the accuracy of the
response and call the appropriate
subroutine. Lines 150-199 give the report
on the performance of the user and end
the program. Lines 200-252 make upthe
string printout routine. Notice the re-intro-
duction of the commas in fine 204. Line
206 is the heart of the formatting pro-
cedure. The line is broken whenever the
line has reached within 1 characters of
the screen width and a space is encounter-
ed. This is sufficient for practically all the
questions I have tried. If you find that you
are using long words frequently, you may
wish to change this parameter. The
subroutine at 25© takes care of breaking
the line and resetting the character count.
Line 260 is a general purpose delay
routine.

The correct and incorrect response
routines begin at lines 300 and 400,
respectively. The steps here are very
skeletal, and are certainly open to further
modification. Remember, the purpose of
a quiz is to check knowledge, not to enter-
tain. Any rewards or other feedback
should not detract from the task at
hand-the quiz. Further installments of
BASIC Education will discuss reward
systems in greater detail.

A few comments and tips:

1 . Even though the programs are inter-
changeable between the VIC and
C-64, keep in mind that the VIC has a
much smaller screen capacity. Long
questions and answers may cause
the VIC to begin scrolling the screen,
so that information at the top might
be lost.

2. Remember that entries are made in
the upper/lower case mode. Adopt a
standard for yourself and pupils. File
names should either be capitalized
always or never. Never is easier.

3. I have little direct experience with the
PET, but as far as I can tell, the 4© col-
umn format should work on a 40 col-
umn PET.

Some future modifications of this pro-
gram might include a hardcopy perfor-
mance report, or a report to a tape or disk
file. In these cases, the student's name and
the use date should be secured at the
beginning of the QUIZZER program. If you
have any comments, questions, or sug-
gestions, please send them to BASIC
Education c/o COMMANDER. Enjoy
yourself! Continued on page 43

. buy rm SOfTMMKe

"'iff a i"***

Iff

Circle No. 212

February 1984 • COMMANDERI39

ttchoutforthea '
BL OE WAK.

, mark* o( Syn=P'« S ,^ a .ra<i- ork

^'"''^"forthe

ta . * „-f Rartia and

the t Z trap* between

^"^^estorethe

° nlyy ° L U nh ancient
forest through anet

spells. Then you must

cha " c t the Troglodytes
aga d ';revi.Ne 9 cromoncer.

»=lly<l«'«"' hc - Ih
"«"l(.Willyo'"'" , " l>b

^■T±SS£*

ball before, b«t no Q

♦his" No t me to tmn«v
this, "u one

room to make ev

Vfeiyhoto^ k but
First the prison brea-.

that ' S °, ny r l U nd *orld of
Theundergroitna

Zorkafir f ;^ U :itna.en.
pHSeS f; e ds to devastating

er9y ufkes Can you de-
earthquakes,
feat the Timelords.

feat the nm=
2EPPEUN.

^Tcentrol Avenue,

Richmon

dCA 94804

festfSfe

ver y strong ana tnev jr

lnt0thiS th : n e"Tollaboars,
comes the ev"

determin !ieaa tanks will
Th S y S rrurh the peaceful
surely cro , ou can
Drelbs, unless y« ic
defeat Jem -^

flip grid. OK* 1 "

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Wordprocessor
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ELCOMP PUBLISHING, INC

53 Redrock Lane

Pomona, CA 91766

Phone: (714)623 8314

Telex: 29 81 91

10 REM QUIZZER

15 PRINTCHR$C14)

20 INFUT"Eelr3Edown,
3 times31»Eshf-V3Es

hf-I3Eshf-C3EsP32»6
4";W$: IFW*<'"l"OR
W*>"2"THEH20

30 I FW$=« " ' 1 ' ' T HENS W«22
:GOTO50

40 SW«40

50 PRINT" [clr3"TflB<:S

w/2T6)"*aEshf-Q3Es

hf-U3Eshf-I3Eshf-Z.
2 tim«3Eshf-E3ish

f-R3*«"

60 INPUT'' 'E down/ 3 tin
es3Eshf-W3HICHEsP3E
shf-F3ILE";F$

70 DPENia,0,FS

80 INPUT#iiHMf

90 Qf«"Celr3Eshf-T]HI
SE4P3QUIZEsP3HHSEsP

3-"+HM$+ y "CsP]aUEST
IONS.":GOSUB200

95 PRINT"Ed0WYl3Eshf-T
DOUCHCsP3Crvs-or*3Ls
hf-R3Uhf-EJCshf-T3
Eshf-U3Eshf-R3Eshf
-N3Ervs-off3..."

96 GETR$:iFRfOCHR$a3
5THEN96

100 FORN-lTOVflLCHMf)

102 F0RZ*lTD5iINPUT#l,fl

$CZ>:NEXT:iNPUT#l>C

104 PRINT"Eclr3E*hf-Q3
UESTIONEftP3#"N«'[
down 3"

106 Q*»fti ( 1 ) i GOSUB200

108 F0RZ-2T05: PRINT' 'Ed
oun3Elftftl"Z-l"'El

•ft3.E»P3"; :Q*«fl$(
Z):QQSUB200:NEXT

110 I NPUT " C down 3 E *hf -W
3HICHE»P3ISEsP3CORR
ECTE«P3El»ft3"JG*

112 IF0*<"l'"0R0f>"4-
ORLEN ( G* ) > 1 THENPR I N
T'LuPj 2 tim**3";
: GOTO 118

120 IFC$=G$THENGQSUB300

:GGTG124

122 GOSUB400

124 NEXTN

150 REM DONE

152 Q*""Cclr3Edoun, 2
tim©fi3Eshf-T3HHT'SE
sP3THECsP3LflSTCsP3Q
UESTION.":GDSUB200

154 Q**"Edoun3Eshf-T3H

ECsPJUUlZLiPJINCLUU
EDEsP3"tHM*t"CsP3
QUESTIONS. ":GOSUB
200

156 CO»VfiLCHM*>-URJCO#«
STR*<CO):CO**RIGHT$
<CO*iLEN<CO*)-l>

157 WR*»STR*(WR):WR*«RI
GHT*<WR*iLENCWR*>-l
)

155 SE>INT(CEVCVHL<Hf1*>
>«li00t.5 J s SC*"STR#<
SC):SC*»RICHT»CSC*i
LEN<SC*>~1>

160 G$="CdouT)3Eshf-V30
UEsP3CORRECTLVEsP3fl
NSWEREDEsP3"+C0*+"
. " : GOSUB200

162 Q$»"Edoum3£shf-V30
UEsP3MISSEDEsP3"+W
R*+".":QOSUB200

164 Q*«"tdoum3Eshf-V30
UR E &P 3 SCORE C »P 3 WfiS E
*P]"+SCf+"K."iQO
SUB208

199 ENB

200 REM PRINT STRING
202 CC*&

204 FDRB=1T0LEN<Q$):B*=
MIII*<Q*iB.i):lFB$="
£"THENBS»","

205 PRINTBSJ

206 CE>CC+i:iFC»SW-10T
HENGOSUB250

210 NEXT: PRINT i RETURN

250 IFB*«CHR*C32)GRB**C

HR*C160)THENPRINT:C
Ch0

252 RETURN

260 F0RP*1T02E3:NEXT:RE
TURN

300 REM RIGHT

302 PRINT" C down J Ervs-o

nJEshf-C3Eshf-Q3Esh
f-Rj 2 times3Cshf-E
3E&hf-C3Eshf-T3! J I

304 GOSUB260 = RETURN

400 REM WRONG

402 WRpWR+1! PRINT "EtfQW
Ti3"

404 G$«" Eshf-N3Q, l&PIT
HEEsP3flNSWERE*P3ISr
sP3"+CS+"."

406 GOSUE200 : GQSUB260 :
RETURN

\QM

February 1984 • COMMANDERI43

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The Pro Gram

"IN THE BEGINNING
THERE WERE FILES.

II

By Jerry B. Byrd !

This month I am going to depart from
ourstandard approach of dividing the arti-
cle into a philosophical and a practical sec-
tion. Because the philosophy part for this
topic is longer than usual, 1 am deferring
the practical discussion until next month in
order to give it the full attention it de-
serves.

Let me first say that I am going to ap-
proach the subject of files from a slightly
non-standard point of view. If you are a
new reader of COMMANDER, let me en-
courage you to get all the back issues you
can. Each of my installments has built on
what has gone before. While it is not man-
datory that you look at older columns, I
have a feeling that it might be helpful to
see where I am coming from.

FILES, FILES AND FILES

When I was in the Air Force, there was
one particular term that had great poten-
tial for confusion. It was the word, "air-
man." This word has three distinctly dif-
ferent definitions. First, it means all Air
Force personnel, as opposed to swabbies
of the Navy or footpounders of the Army.
Second, it means enlisted personnel, as
opposed to officers. Last, it can mean a
particular rank, that of airman, versus
sergeant. Due to this multiplicity of mean-
ing, the word was almost unusable.

"Some manufacturers use the
word 'file' to mean anything
attached to the processor. "

Asimilarsituation exists in the computer
world with the term "file." Some books
and manufacturers use the word as a
reference to anything that is attached to
the processor. Terminals are files, diskdrive
units are files, printers are files, and
sometimes even co-processors and banks
of memory are files! This rather global
definition of files is not what Commodore

has used, so our requirements dictate that
we can press on to other definitions.

A second definition of "file" is any infor-
mation that issemi-permanently stored on
some media for future use. The media
most often imagined are disks and tapes.
But the list doesn't end there. A more
complete list of possible media would
have to include punched cards and paper
tape, magnetic cards, and even paper
print-outs. Add to that the more esoteric
possibilities of bubble memory, battery
supported ram, off-line central data banks
(read modem), and even direct computer-
to-computer connection, where each
computer becomes a "file" for the
other(s).

I/O DEVICES

In our discussion, we will mainly pay at-
tention to the more mundane files of this
genre, the disk and tape. Commodore
does not call the actual units a file,
however, but rather calls them devices. I
like this distinction, since there is now a
clear break between the storage medium
itself and that which is stored on the
medium. This makes conceptualization
far easier. Before we can proceed into our
discussion of files, I think there is merit in
digressing for just a moment and looking
at the concept of devices, as used by Com-
modore. In our three definitions of files
above, Commodore has opted for the se-
cond as their basic definition of device.
Really, any device carries a connotation of
I/O (input/output).

Input occurs when the computer
receives something from the outside
world (usually an operator or a file), and
output occurs when the computer sends
something to the outside world (again,
usually an operator orfile). Let me give you
a quick list of the devices of Commodore
computers:

= keyboard

1 = tape drive

2 = second tape drive (PET and
= CBM machines)

- user port (VIC and C-64)
= RS232 port ('B' models)

3 = screen

4 = printer

5 = modem (CBM8010)
8 = disk drive

14 = special device of interface
(MuPet II, TNW 103
modem, etc.)

This list is not exhaustive. Additional
devices of the same type usually are
numbered one higher than the standard
(second disk drives are thus usually
numbered 9).

Of the above listed devices, most can-
not support more than one division of
itself simultaneously and independently.
For example, the printer, while it might
have two separate sheets of paper in it,
cannot be told to independently print to
paper 1 or paper 2. (Yes, I know how to do
it, too, b ut the pri nter d oes n 't.) The exce p-
tions to this are the disk drive. Conse-
quently, it is not mandatory (in some
cases, not allowed) to name a particular
file on any device except the disk drive;
and there it is mandatory to name which
particular file is being addressed.

GETTING INTO FILES

We now come to the third definition of
our word, "file." This is a specific set
(grouping) of information to be l/0'ed by
the computer. This is the more normal use
of the term "file." Atthis point, things may
get a little confusing. We can treat all of
the devices listed above as if they were a
file (with the exception of the disk drive).

In order to work with a file, it must be
opened. BASIC has the command OPEN
for this purpose.The OPEN command tells
the computer all it needs to know about

February 1984 • COMMANDERI45

the file to be accessed. We will look at a
couple of OPEN statements later to see ex-
actly how they operate. While not always
mandatory (sometimes it is), the CLOSE
state tells the computer that we are
through with a particular file. Since the
Commodore computer can have only 10
open files at once (don't complain, the
IBM PC can have only 3), not closing un-
needed files limits the total number we
can access. Commodore disk drives can
only have 5 or fewer open disk files at one
time. More on that later.

There are 3 more commands that are
used with files: INPUT#, PRINT*, and
GET*. If you have done much programm-
ing at all, you will recognize at least part of
these commands. Each of them has been
used to INPUT, PRINT, and GET from the
default devices. When your computer first
is turned on, it sets the screen (device 3) as
the default output device and the key-
board (device®) as the default input
device. These values are in RAM and can
be POKEd to change to some other de-
vice. For output, BASIC gives us a com-
mand to do this, CMD plusthefile number
(I'll explain file numbers next month) to
change the default output to the selected
file (and, by extension through the OPEN
statement device).

Let's spend a moment talking aboutthe
various types of files. Not all of these will
apply to all devices, and most of you prob-
ably don't have all devices, but if you are
really tracking toward a career in pro-
gramming, or if you are a typical com-
puterist, you have your sights set on more
and more equipment.

Commodore uses and recognizes four
types of files. (Some would say, five, and,
in fact, I am going to look at five.) They are
PGM (program), SEQ (sequential), REL (re-
lative), and USR (user). In turn, each of
these, except relative, are further divided
into input (read) and output (write) files.

PROGRAM FILES

Program files may be written to and
read from both tape and disk. There are
two ways to input the files for both, and
two ways to write the file to disk, but only
one way to write it to tape. You are prob-
ably familiar with the SAVE and LOAD
commands (plus DSAVE and DLOAD for
BASIC 4 users). These are one method of
reading and writing programs. SAVE is the
only method to write to tape. Program
files can be read, one byte at a time, by
opening them with the proper para
meters. This is helpful to check one pro-
gram against another, but is extremely
slow. This is because the GET* command
operates very slowly in BASIC, There are
some other things that this capability can

461COMMANDER • February 1984

be used for, such as copying programs
from one disk unit to another, etc.

Programs are just files that contain
instructions to the computer. Most often,
these files are not actually read, in the
traditional sense of the term, but are load-
ed into memory for various operations. In
fact, one program can load another into
memory and it will then automatically
begin operation. This process is called
"chaining." One note: the first program
which loads another program in such a
fashion, on all Commodore computers ex-
cept the new 'B' series, must be larger
than any subsequent program, or must
make the computer think it is larger by
making it look biggerthan it is. I will have a
whole column about this in the future.

SEQUENTIAL FILES

Sequential files are the easiest files to
use. Th is is why most softwa re makes such
great use of them. It is the reason for their
use In the earlier installments of this col-
umn. There are three things you can do
with sequential files: read, write, and ap-
pend, Append means to add to the end.
You can always make a sequential file
longer, but you can neither make it smaller
nor re-arrange it to better suit your needs.
There is one other problem with it: if, for
any reason, a program neglects to close a
sequential file that is being written or ap-
pended to, the disk will be left with an
open write file. This can be recognized on
the directory by an asterisk next to the file
type (e.g.,*seq.). If this occurs, and the
disk has not been removed from the drive,
it is possible to close the file by one of two
options.

"Commodore uses four types
of files: program, sequential,
relative, and user. "

You can use the DCLOSE command on
BASIC 4 or CLOSE the command channel
to the disk drive in BASIC 3. (See previous
columns for a discussion of the command
channel.) If this doesn't do it, then one last
chance exists: OPEN the command chan-
nel and CLOSE it. (Syntax:OPEN15,8,15:
CLOSE! 5.) If this doesn't fix it, then
nothing will. You are in a position at this
point of losing your entire sequential file.
Wrong action at this point may also cause
a loss of the entire disk! Proceed carefully.

The open write file must not be left on
the disk. It indicates a basic confusion in
the DOS (disk operating system) that may
be made even more pronounced later.
The open file may be removed from the
disk very safely with the COLLECT or
VALIDATE commands. Be aware that use
of these commands on a disk with ran-

dom access files may cause the loss of that
random access data if more data is added
to the disk. The only safe thing to do is
copy the data to another disk using the
copy routines found within the specific
software package. The COLLECT and
VALIDATE commands cause the DOS to
check each file for a complete chain of all
the blocks it uses and then release all other
space on the disk to be used for later
storage. Some random files are not chain-
ed the normal Commodore way. Good
software will provide copying routines to
move data from one disk to another, if
direct access files are being used.

The obvious relationship among the
pieces of information in a sequential file is
that of being in a tunnel, end-to-end. It is
impossible to read the information in the
middle of the tunnel without reading all
the information ahead of that which is
desired. This limitation represents the
greatest problem associated with sequen-
tial files. If the information stored in a se-
quential file is to be manipulated in any
way (sorted, portions deleted, modified,
etc.), then the entire file must be moved to
memory and then back to the disk, a pro-
cess that is severely limited by memory and
relatively slow.

RELATIVE FILES

Relative files address the need to
change, modify, delete, etc. the contents
of a particular piece of information
without the need to read through the
large, unrelated portions of the file.
Relative files allow nearly instant access to
a particular piece of information. This
means that you can get the address of a
particular person from a mailing list file
and change just that without the need to
read all the people on the file ahead of the
desired name. The exact methodology for
doing that will be discussed next month.
This great boon to programming forinfor-
mation management is not without its
problems, however.

The problems associated with relative
files are, for the most part, minor. Fixed
record length, which means that you must
reserve empty disk space for the longest
possible name, is of consideration with
small disk sizes and/or overly generous ex-
pectation for record lengths. For example,
if most of the people on a mail list have last
names like Jones and Smith, with only one
named Anistoskiostisis, insuring that the
longest name fits the space means signifi-
cant wasting of disk space on all the other
names. The fact that fewer relative files
may be open on the disk at one time is also
of some consideration in some circum-
stances.

It's that time again.

Deductibles? Itemization? Short forms? Long
hours. Those familiar tremors at tax time.

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Two problems of significant magnitude
are: (1) the requirement to use a number
to address each record; and, (2) the fact
that all records must be contiguous
(touching). Let's look at the last, first. Com-
modore (and most, if not all, other
manufacturers supporting this file struc-
ture) require that if you want 2 records,
number 1 and number 500, to be on file,
then records 2 through 499 must be
created and put on the disk, even if they
are not ever to be used.

Can you imagine the chaos that would
be created if the postal service announced
tomorrow that henceforth there would be
no more street addresses butjust numbers
(did they already do that?)! That is exactly
the situation when the records may have
only numbered addresses. No more is
there a Mr.Smith or inventory item
R4T568D2. There is only a 342 and part
3126. Notice how this nomenclature tells
us little about anything. There are ways
around both these limitations, but the
ways themselves raise other problems. If
there is a need (and there always is) to re-
arrange (sort) the information in one or
more orders, that becomes a problem
also.

SUPERFILE TO THE RESCUE?

Look, up in the sky! It's a bird! It's a
plane! No, it's super file! Onto the scene of
our anguish and frustration comes the
ISAM! ISAM stands for indexed sequential
access method. Think of it as a relative file
with a twist: the address can be numbers
or letters. Records are put on the disk only
if needed; they need not be contiguous.
Voila! Every need is met. Well, almost You
still have fixed record lengths. Not only can
the record address be alphanumeric (with
numbers and letters), but it may also be
read sequentially in record address order:
automatic sorting. The address of the
record is usually called a key. Some
systems allow identical keys, others don't,
and still others inform of duplication but
still allow it.

Why don't we always use ISAM files?
Well, there are several reasons. The most
obvious is simply that Commodore
doesn't have it. Secondly, we can simulate
this capability with two files, a key file and
a record file, with the key file in memory
for manipulation and the data file on the
disk. A rather obvious reason not to use
ISAM files is that in many circumstances
they are really not appropriate. Another
reason they are often not used is that peo-
ple are not aware that Commodore and
other outside vendors have such a capabil-
ity available as an add-on program.

Commodore's ISAM is called CMAR. I
think that the very best one is 'The Master'
from Canadian Micro, since it not only

4SICOMMANDER * February 1984

gives ISAM capability, but also provides
screen layouts, security, high precision
math, and much more. Another excellent
one is, I think, no longer available, but was
from Paul Zuzello at Creative Software.
There have been some others. Many have
been colossal failures, and each one usual-
ly has some limitation(s). Why the makers
of microcomputers have not given this
capability as standard equipment firm-
ware, I don't know, It seems that the first
to do so will score a major market
triumph, from a programming point of
view,

A lot has been presented about files.
Next installment I will give some actual ex-

amples of the ideas presented here, and
then put it all together in a random access
program to store student grades. Until
then, I pray that the new year will repre-
sent more than a renewal of old broken
resolutions, but will be a time of renewal
of mind, body and spirit. "8e not conform-
ed to the world, but be transformed bythe
reNEWing of your mind. . . ."The best of
New Years to each of you!

TALK OR SING-The "64" responds

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Circle No. 170

Data Organization for
the VIC-20: Part III

iBy Arthur J. Dudley I

Last month's article ended with a prob-
lem concerning floating point real
numbers. You were given the information
below and asked to provide the variable
name and its value.

|^ e#1 65 Variable name

Byte #2 65

Byte #3 135 Exponent

Byte #4 ... . 200 MSB

Byte #5 63

Byte #6 46 Mantissa

Byte #7 73 L5B )

Variable names for floating point reals
are represented by straight ASCII code (no
modification is performed); therefore, the
number 65 represents the character "A"
on the ASCII chart. Since bytes one and
two both contain the number 65, the
variable name is AA.

To determine the actual value repre-
sented by bytes #3 through #7, it is best to
use the five steps covered in Part II of this
series.

Step: 1 : Convert the mantissa into its
binary configuration. (See
Figure 1)
Step 2: Number each bit from 1 to 32.

(See Figure 1)
Step 3: At this point using the mantissa
conversion program will simplify
calculations (see Part II).
Program Instructions:

a) Enter the number 15 for the
amount of bits set to one.
Remember not to include the
first bit.

b) One at a time, enter each bit
number, not including the first
bit, that is set to one. (2, 5, 1 1,
12,13,14,15,16,19,21,22,23,
26, 29, and 32)

The mantissa should have the
value of .782214063.

Manual equation:

Mimplied) + 1 /2 2 + '/ 2 5 + y 2 ii +
y 2 i2 + i/ 2 1i + y 2 w + i/ 2 15 + y 2 i 6

+ 1/ 2 19+ 1/ 2 21 + 22 + 1/ 2 23+ 1/ 2 26

+ '/2 29 + V2 31 = .782214063.

Figure 1

Byte no.

Binary Configuration

Decimal
Equivalent

4

1

1

1

200 (MSB)

Bit#

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

5

1

1

1

1

1

1

63

Bit* . .

. . .9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

6

1

1

1

1

46

Bit*

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

7

1

1

1

73 (LSB)

Bit*

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

32

Step 4:

Step 5:

Subtract the number 128 from
the contents of byte three to ob-
tain the true exponent.

135 - 128 = 7*- True Exponent

| Byte #3 j

Multiply the fraction obtained in
step three by the number 2 raised
to the true exponent.

[Determined i n step4!

.782214063 x 2 7 ^100.1234

Determined in step 3

Because the leftmost bit of our
MSB (Byte #4) is set to one, the
value must be negative.
Variable AA = -100.1234

So far, I have covered integers and
floating point real numbers. What re-
mains are string variables. Before you con-
tinue reading, LOAD and RUN your mem-
ory dump program. After entering your
name, press the SPACE BAR once to
display the contents of memory locations
4923 through 4929.

String variables occupy a total of seven
bytes in memory, the same amount oc-
cupied by integers and floating point reals
(refer to Figure 2). Bytes one and two are
used to represent the variable name. The
first character is represented by straight

ASCII code; the second character has the
number 128 added to the ASCII code
representation. Referring to Figure 2, you
will see the letter "E" represented by the
number 69 (ASCII code), and the null
character represented by the number 128
(ASCII code for a null character + 128 =
128). Bytes six and seven are not used,
leaving bytes three, four, and five to store
the string. You might wonder how three
bytes can store a string of more than three
characters. The answer is, they cannot, In-
stead of storing the string itself, bytes
three through five store the string's length
and the address where the string is actu-
ally stored.

Byte three stores the string length
(string E$ = "XX" is two characters in
length), and bytes four and five store the
actual address. Byte number four (LSB)
represents the "units" or "ones" of an
address, byte number five (MSB)
represents multiples of 256. An MSB of
16 and an LSB of 90 represents an ad-
dress of 4186 [(16 x 256) +90.] The

MSB LSB

largest address which can be represented
bythistechniqueis65535[(255 x 256) +
255], and the largest string possible is 255
characters. Since a program line cannot
exceed 88 characters in length, you must

February 1984 • COMMANDER! 49

use the process of concatenation ("adding
to") to circumvent this limitation. (Refer to
your Programmer's Reference Guide for
information on concatenation.)

To display the contents of address 41 86,
press the "J" Key on your keyboard. You
should then see a prompt requesting an
address to be entered. Type 4186 and
press RETURN. You may have noticed ad-
dress 4186 is in the program section of
memory (refer to Figure 1 of the first arti-
cle). The statement E$ = "XX", located in
line 6 of the memory dump program,
begins at address 4182, with the string
stored at addresses 4186 and 4187 (refer
to Figure 3).

String assignments via INPUT state-
ments are handled a little differently. Since
they are not inherent to the program, the
VIC must reserve a section for them in
memory. This section is located at the bot-
tom portion of user RAM. For a 5K VIC, the
end of user RAM is at address 7679. The
first string assignment will be located at
the bottom of user RAM and each con-
secutive string input will be placed on top
of the previous one.

Figure 4 shows the configuration of
the variable NA$. This variable will con-
tain your name as input at the beginning
of the program. The length and contents
of this string will vary depending on your
input. Using my name as an example, the
string length (byte #3) is 9, with the string
being stored at address 7671 [(29 x 256)
+ 247].

This completes the section on string
variables, but before concluding, a few
practical uses for the memory dump pro-
gram are in order. The first and most ob-
vious is program debugging; however, the
memory dump program should be
customized as follows prior to its use:

1 . Eliminate lines 5, 6, 7 and 8. These lines
are used to set up test variables and are
not needed for program execution.

2. Renumberthe memory dump program
so as not to interfere with your main
program. It is best to use the memory
dump program as a subroutine and
branch to it when necessary.

3 After your main program has been ex-
ecuted, and you wish to check memory
variables, branch to your memory
dump subroutine with a GOTO key-
word. Do not use a RUN keyword for
this will clear ail your variables prior to
execution.
4. You may wish to conserve memory by
condensing the memory dump pro-
gram by using multiple statement lines.
The next article in this series will include
an append program to facilitate merging
the memory dump program with your
main program, and a customized memory

Figure 2: E$ = "XX"

Address

Byte#

4923

4924

4925

4926

4927

4928

4929

(69)
E

(128)

Null

2

90

16

1

Variable
Name

7

LSB MSB Not used

Length of
String

The string variable E$ as shown on the screen display:

'" > 'Variable name as listed in program

4923
4924
4925
4926
4927
4928
4929

69

128

2 «*-

90-<-

16-*-

Length of string

MSB) .

LSB t ~^ H REPRESENTS ADDRESS 4186

ADDRESSES

Figure 3: Statement E$ = "XX

Note: To obtain the below display, press J on your keyboard and enter

address

number

4182.

4182

69

E

Column #3 was intended only to

4183

36

1 display variable names. If

4184

178

2 -< ,

you branch out of the variables

4185

34

section, you will receive some

4186

88

X I

superfluous information in

4187

88

X \

column #3.

4188

34

Program instruction breakdown:

Decimal

Program

Representati

on

Statement

Charf

69

E

ASCII (pg. 272)

36

$

ASCII (pg. 272)

178

=

Program Tokens {pg. 178)

34

■ t

ASCII (pg. 272)

88

X

ASCII (pg. 272)

88

X

ASCII (pg. 272)

34

1 1

ASCII (pg. 272}

"The program

section

uses two sets of codes, ASCII and program

tokens. The Chart column refers you to the proper conversion chart

in your Programmers

Reference G

uide.

S0ICOMMANDER • February 1984

dump program. To gain familiarity with
the memory dump program, try the fol-
lowing exercise.

1 . Enter the additions below to the mem-
ory dump program exactly as shown:

1 X = 296:Y = 98:Z = INT((X/Y)*

10® + .5)/100:PRINTX;'7";Y;"="
2 INPUTA

3 IFA = ZPRINT"CORRECT";END

4 PRINT"INCORRECT":END

The above program is a simple division
program. You are required to input the
answer to 296 divided by 98.

2. Enter RUN

3. Enter the answer rounded to two deci-
mal places (3.02) and press RETURN.

4. The word "INCORRECT" should be
displayed. Enter PRINT Z and RETURN
then PRINT A and RETURN in the imme-
diate/direct mode.

5. If both variables have the value of 3.02,
why then is the condition in line 3 false,
thus preventing the word "CORRECT"
from being displayed? {The answer will
be in the next installment.)

Note: To determine the cause, utilize
the memory dump program to
inspect the variables in ques-
tion. Enter GOTO 7 to execute
the memory dump program.
Finally, I'd like to mention two other
uses forthe memory dump program. They
are (1) to easily obtain a listing of all vari-
ables for documentation purposes, and

(2) to explore VIC's memory. You can
display any address with this program.

Next time, I will explain how the three
types of variables are used in arrays and
point out some memory-saving techni-
ques. The next article will conclude this
series. So if you have any questions, please
write to me through COMMANDER
magazine.

Figure 4: NA$ = "A. DUDLEY" (Keyboard input)

Note: To obtain your display, press R (returns you to the beginning of
the variables section) and then press the SPACE BAR twice.

4937
4938
4939
4940
4941
4942
4943

78

193

9

247

29

N
A

■Variable name

Length of string

LSB

MSB

Note: To branch to the string section of memory, press the S Key or
determine the actual string address from bytes 4 and 5 and enter
this address after pressing the J Key , Once accomplished, you
should see a display with your name spelled out in the right hand
column.

7671

65

A

7672

46

7673

32

7674

68

D

7675

85

U

7676

68

D

7677

76

L

7678

69

E

7679 *

89

Y

End of user available ram for a 5K VIC.

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Februarvl984 • COMMANDERIS\

Review of MOSES:

A Full-Featured 65C02
Assembler for the VIC-20

'.By Glen Colbert*

A strange thing has been going on at
my house since I started contributing ar-
ticles to the local user's group newsletter.
At all hours of the day {and night) strange
calls come in. The people ontheotherend
of the line seem to be suffering from great
agony and frustration. "It goes out to the
disk, but I can't get it back," is a common
refrain. "Why didn't it work?" seems to
have replaced "What is the meaning of
life?" as the world's most difficult ques-
tion.

At 10:30 one Sunday night, I received a
call from one of these poor, agonized
wretches. It seems that he was writing a
terminal program for his new auto
dial/auto answer modem. "It works great
except I need to add a timing loop from
S3 1 E0 to $3 1 F2 and there isn't any room.
How can I move everything up 18 bytes
without rewriting the whole program?"
When 1 asked what assembler he was us-
ing, the problem became quite clear. He
had taken on a large project with the tiny
assembler provided in his monitors.

Tiny assemblers like those provided in
machine language monitor (e.g., V1C-
MON or HESMON) are fine for jobs which
are smaller than, say, 100 bytes, but
anything larger (particularly if it might re-
quire changes later on) really needs a "full
featured" assembler. A tiny assembler's
primary role is to make small changes in
existing code as an aid to debugging
machine language programs. References
made with a tiny assembler must be made
to a specific address (i.e., the use of labels
is not supported), and operands cannot
contain calculations. Also, there is no pro-
vision in most tiny assemblers for entering
A5CII data without first converting it to
hexadecimal.

S2ICOMMANDER • February 1984

FULL-FEATURED
ASSEMBLERS

Probably the biggest difference be-
tween a monitor's tiny assembler and a
full-featured assembler is that a tiny
assembler works directly on the code
which is to be executed (object code),
whereas a full-featured assembler keeps a
list of instructions and addresses (source
code) which are later "assembled" into
object code. Because the source code is
not directly executed, it can contain infor-
mation which is not intended to run, such
as comments and labels. At assembly
time, this "extra" information is either con-
verted into numbers in the object code or
ignored. The source code can be saved,
and later loaded, without losing the com-
ments, label names, and other informa-
tion that makes assembly language a little
bit easier. The source file can be edited, ex-
panded, or modified with relative ease. If
you need to insert some code into the
middle of the program, no problem. Just
load the source file, insert as much (or as
little) as you like, and re-assemble the pro-
gram. So long as you have used labels con-
sistently throughout the program, no fur-
ther modification is needed. The new
code is ready to run.

Do you really need a full-featured
assembler? I have a computer technician
friend who uses VICMON for all of his
6502 assembly. However, I think that if
you valueyour sanity, a good, full-featured
assembler is a must for getting into
machine language programming.

MOSES

Since I bought my VIC-20, I have tried
out three commercially available 6502
assemblers: Develop 20 from French Silk,

6502 Professional Development System
from Human Engineered Software, and
Moses from Century Micro. Although this
is primarily a review of the Moses
assembler, I will make occasional com-
parisons to the other two assemblers.

NCR 65C02A

Included with the Moses package is a
new microprocessor for your VIC. The
new CPU must be installed before Moses
will run. The 6502 inside your VIC is
socketed (like a wall plug with 40 slots) so
there is no need to pull out your soldering
iron. Just open up the VIC, remove the old
chip, and plug in the new one.

A few cautions are in order here. First, if
your warranty is still in effect, this
modification will void it. Second, the NCR
65C02 is a CMOS (Complementary Metal
Oxide Semiconductor) chip. As such it is
very sensitive to static electricity until you
get it installed. I strongly recommend that
you properly ground yourself while doing
the installation. If you are at all unsure of
how to do this, have a service technician
install the new chip for you. Third, make
sure that all the legs of the chip get into
the proper holes in the socket and that the
chip is properly oriented. Double check
your installation before closing the VIC
back up.

CMOS ADVANTAGES

CMOS chips use significantly less power
than conventional 6502 (NMOS) chips.
While the NMOS chip draws 400ma the
new chip draws only 8ma. This may
reduce some of the heat buildup in the
VIC.

The 65C02A is more "crash resistant"
than the 6502. Not all code numbers

represent valid instructions to the
microprocessor. These invalid instructions
are called "unimplemented opcodes".
With the 6502, some of these unimple-
mented opcodes cause the machine to
"hang up" when one is encountered. The
VIC would have to be turned off or reset to
recover from it. The CMOS version treats
these as NOPs (no operations) thus mak-
ing it easier to recover from program er-
rors. Additionally, the CMOS version is
more "noise resistant" than the old chip.
The most significant difference be-
tween these two chips is the addition of
27 new opcodes in the CMOS version {see
Table 1). Most of these are useful enough
that they soon become a necessity to the
programmer. All of them can result in a
reduction in program size. Storing the
registers gives a good example of this.

6502

65C02

STATEMP

PHX

TYA

PHY

PHA

PROCESS

TXA

PLY

PHA

PLX

LDATEMP

PROCESS

STATEMP

PLA

TAX

PLA

TAY

LDATEMP

It should be noted at this point that
there is another 65C02 microprocessor
presently available. This other chip, made
by Rockwell, has still more commands.
Either one should run code written on
Moses, but Moses only supports the NCR
version's opcodes.

Existing programs written for the stan-
dard NMOS 6502 run without modifica-
tion on the new microprocessors. Addi-
tionally, the documentation that comes
with Moses has the NCR data sheet forthe
new chip.

GETTING STARTED

Moses comes in a cartridge. While it is
located in high memory (SA000-$BFFF), it
is not an "auto start" program. This is par-
ticularly handy if you don't like the idea of
wearing out your expansion port's edge
card connector by constantly plugging
and unplugging cartridges. It is written
(100%) in machine language. This is a
refreshing change from my experiences
with the HES and French Silk assemblers,
which are mostly in BASIC. Not only does
Moses assemble code faster, but it is also
quite a bit more difficult to "crash" by an
input error.

THE EDITOR

The editor is the part of the program
that controls the input, modification, and
deletion code. In Moses, the editor checks
the syntax of all entries. If any errors are
detected, the line is ignored and an error
message is displayed. It can not, of course,
check for missing labels, branches which
are too long, or duplicate labels. These er-
rors are found only at assembly time.

Except when code is being entered, the
command menu is always on the screen.
The menu options are:

Onsert X)it

DJelete B)asic

MJodify R)eset

P)rint T)able

Assemble N)ew

Individual instructions (i.e., [label] opcode
[operand]) are identified by the editorwith
the use of "line numbers." Commands
from the menu that are used to edit the
source file make reference to these line
numbers. For example, to add a timing
loop into the source code at ine 125, one
would type "I 125 (return)" from the
menu. This puts Moses in the insert mode,
and whatever is entered is placed be-
tween the old line numbers 'i24 and 125.
Enter as much code as you like and Moses
will move everything else back to make
room for it. Type the left arrow and press
return and you are back at the menu. The
command "D 5" will delete line #5 and
move everything else up to fill in the space.
"D 5,10" would delete lines five through
ten. The syntax for print, modify, and
delete are identical. If (l)nset is selected
without a line number, all subsequent
code will be added to the end of the file.
Moses stores the source code in an in-
termediate form. This reduces the amount
of memory that it takes up as well as re-
ducing the time for loading and saving. It is
also one of the reasons that Moses can as-
semble the code as fast as it does. Some of
the assembly is done as the code is input.

LIMITATIONS

Unfortunately, nothing in ife is perfect.
Moses has some flaws. I would like to get
them out of the way now because, I feel,
they are far outweighed by the good
points. The likely reason for them is that
the whole package had to fit into an 8K
ROM.

An observant reader may have noticed
the absence of save and/or load functions
in the menu. The monitor must be used
for saving or loading source codefiles. The
start and end addresses of the file can be
obtained with the editor's (R)eset com-
mand. Then the monitor is entered
through the (X)it command and the block
of memory which contains the source

code is saved (or loaded). This is a rather
awkward way of going about things, but
it does have at least one advantage. The
load and save times are much faster (parti-
cularly with tape) than the sequential
method used by French Silk and HES.

The machine language monitor that
comes with Moses is one of my favorites,
Micromon by Bill Yee. It has been
modified to integrate better with Moses,
but there are still two problems. First, its
disassembler doesn't support the new op-
codes. I've been told that this is being
worked on and should be corrected soon.
Second, while the screen display has been
improved, it still doesn't have the neat ap-
pearance of HESMON. Those of you who
have used other monitors will have to
spend a little time relearning the particular
syntax of this one.

Unlike other 6502 assemblers that I am
familiar with, Moses does not generate a
printed listing of the code as it is assem-
bled. However, as I stated before, Moses is
fast (about 250 lines per second). Waiting
on a printer would slow it down dramati-
cally. A printed listing of the source code
can be made by exiting to BASIC (B com-
mand), opening the printer as the com-
mand output device (OPEN4,4:CMD4:
SYS40965) and then typing P (print) to
print the source file and/orT{table) to print
the label table and its values. (There is a
slight bug in the program here. When the
output is diverted to the printer, all com-
mands must be preceded by a space.)

It is up to the programmer to allocate
memory when using Moses. The storage
areas for the source code, label table, and
object code have to be reset (R command)
if the object file is going to be any larger
than 51 1 bytes. It is only fair to point out
thatthis is notan uncommon requirement
with assemblers which assemble directly
into memory, and that the method used
here is easier than that used with the HES
assembler.

I would have really liked to have seen an
option to assemble directly into a disk pro-
gram file. This would have made memory
management much easier, at least for
programmers using disk-based systems.

CO-RESIDENT EDITOR/
ASSEMBLER/MONITOR

The first major advantage that Moses
has over the other VIC-20 assemblers that I
have used is that it has a co-resident
editor/assembler/monitor (available as an
option on Develop 20). In anything to do
with computers, the error state is the nor-
mal state. Having all of the necessary tools
together would make no difference to a
programmer who always gets things right
the first time (but I have yet to meet Him).
A lot of time in machine language pro-
February 1984 • COMMANDERI53

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C.O.D. • M0. ■ Ctrl. Checks • School f 0.
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US Funds $3 00 P4K* Foreign. Charges Only,

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Box 525, Dept. 30

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(516)751-2535 arete no. so

New VIC Super chassis 11

gramming is spent making small changes
to the code (e.g., forgot the # in LDA
#$00). If an error is made and the editor
and assembler aren't co-resident, a long,
drawn out correction process must take
place. First, the editor has to be loaded,
then the source file. After this the
modifications can be made and the source
code (and sometimes an intermediate file)
can be rewritten to the disk or tape. Then
the assembler can be loaded, the source
file re-assembled, and the hunt for bugs
can continue.

With Moses, however, I have found that
with small programs I can have not only
the editor, assembler, and the monitor in
RAM, but the source and object code as
well! Minor changes (or even major ones)
can be made immediately to the source
and, just as fast, re-assembled. The advan-
tage of doing it this way is not only a great
savings in time, but the source code
always remains true to the object code. I
can't stress too strongly how much of an
advantage I think this is— particularly for

someone who is just starting out with
machine language.

THREE-PASS ASSEMBLER

Moses is a three-pass assembler. De-
velop 20 is a two-pass assembler, and the
HES assembler is a one-pass that can be
modified to make two passes. The num-
ber of passes is the number of times that
the assembler goes through the source
code looking for information. Generally,
the greater the number of passes, the
more forgiving the assembler is when it
comes to defining information within the
code. For example, the HES assembler (in
its one-pass configuration) cannot process
a label which has not yet been assembled.

With Develop 20, a two-pass assembler,
forward references to labels work fine, but
labels that are defined by the EQU pseudo
op can only be used after the label has
been defined. A problem with this ap-
proach is that if something is overlooked
until it comes time to code it, the program-
mer must remember to go back and enter
it into the equates area of the source code

TABLE 1

Assembly Language Functions Unique
To NCR 65C02 Chip
NEW INSTRUCTION MNEMONICS

DESCRIPTION

Branch relative always {Relative)

Decrement accumulator (Accum)

Increment accumulator (Accum)

Push X on stack {Implied)

Push Y on stack (Implied)

Pull X from stack (Implied)

Pull Y from stack (Implied)

Store zero (Absolute)

Store zero (ABS. X)

Store zero (Zero page)

Store zero (ZPG, X)

Test & reset memory bits with accumulator (Absolute)

Test & reset memory bits with accumulator (Zero page)

Test and set memory bits with accumulator (Absolute)

Test & set memory bits with accumulator (Zero page)

Test Immediate with accumulator (IMMEDIATE)

ADDITIONAL INSTRUCTION ADDRESSING MODES

HEX

MNEMONIC

80

BRA

3A

DEA

1A

INA

DA

PHX

5A

PHY

FA

PLX

7A

PLY

9C

STZ

9E

STZ

64

STZ

74

STZ

1C

TRB

14

TRB

0C

TSB

04

TSB

89

BIT

HEX MNEMONIC

72
32
3C
34
D2
52
7C
B2
12
F2
92

ADC
AND
BIT
BIT
CMP
EOR
JMP
LDA
ORA
SBC
STA

DESCRIPTION

Add memory to accumulator with carry [{ZPG)|

"AMD" memory with accumulator [{ZPG)]

Test memory bits with accumulator {ABS. X)

Test memory bits with accumulator (ZPG. X)

Compare memory and accumulator [(ZPG)]

"Exclusive Or" memory with accumulator [(ZPG)]

Jump (New addressing mode) [ABS(IND.X))

Load accumulator with memory [(ZPG)]

"OR" memory with accumulator [(ZPG)]

Subtract memory from accumulator with borrow [(ZPG)]

Store accumulator in memory [(ZPG)]

1982 by NCR Corporation

C-64

SOFTWARE

Prowriter™ & NEC8023™|
with
MU302™ or CARD/?™ interfaces

IS Have you had trouble making
your printer do everything?

**********************

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with correct codes and an
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Programs are full of remarks.
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P.O. Box 748
Fairborn, Ohio 45324 i

HOW DO WE DO IT?

We're an electronics maufaeturer selling
direct to the public by mail order only.
In this way we can truly offer quality
and economy. All items are guaranteed.
Documentation is extensive.

3 SLOT EXTENDER

Cold Contacts, Fuse, Reset Switch. iVIO

s 25

CASSETTE INTERFACE s 1 5

Saw and Load on your recorder. tVIC&Ce*!' ^■^- /

AUDIO/VIDEO BOX n^

Three independent outputs from your VIC: J-*-/

Low Level Audio (stereo, recorder, etc.).
Video Monitor, and R.F. Modulator.

COMPUTER COVER *A

Protect your VIC or Co4 horn dust and *^

spills. Gray, professional look.

All prices postage paid. Kansas residents add 5%<
Money Order or Check only-

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BOX 47.WS. WICHITA, KANSAS 67201

Circle No. 137

February 1984 • COMMANDERI55

Intelligent Software For
Commodore Computers

Copycalc is an affordable electronic
spread-sheet which turns your video screen
into a window on a matrix of numbers. Cur-
sor around the matrix, enter numbers; the
totals reflect the changes. You can save the
matrix to disk or tape, or print it or your
printer. Far S20 (S15 with another program),
this program might justify the cost of your
computer. Requires 6k RAM; smaller version
available for a standard VIC.

Word Processor Plus was not designed
to be an expensive toy; it was designed
solely to facilitate, correscondence, for a
wide range of personal and business uses,
quickly and easily, with a minimum of train-
ing and frustration on the part of its user,
and at the least possible cost, both in hard-
ware and software. The most thoroughly
tested, useable word processor available
at anywhere near the price, S25; 10k RAM,
printer req'd.; RS-232C version available for
VIC and 64.

Also available: Baseball Manager, a
sports-documentation program; and Inven-
tory, a perpetual inventory control program
for a small retail business (various reports,
multiple vendors],- S30 each; 10k RAM
req'd., printer suggested.

All programs will load and run on any
Commodore computer; all support tape,
disk, and printer.

Prices include documentation and ship-
ping; Calif, residents add 6%. Please
specify hardware configuration when
ordering. Sorry, no games available.
Wlllom Robblm, Box 3745, San Raiasl, CA Wli

Circle No 21

or an error will be generated.

Moses, being a three-pass assembler,
has none of these problems. However,
while labels can be defined anywhere in
the source, it is still good technique to
keep them properly grouped together.

CONCISE PSEUDO OPS

The fact that Moses uses more pseudo
ops than the other assemblers does not, in
itself, make Moses better. For example,
the EQU, ADR, OBJ, and DF5 ops are
replaced in Develop 20 by just one (EQU).
However, while more opcodes have to be
learned for Moses, their conciseness
makes the code easier to follow.

I especially like the way that the DAT
(BYT on the other two) pseudo op is instal-
led with Moses. It wilt allow decimal, Hex,
or ASCII data on the same line. For
example:

12 MESSAG DAT13,"HITHERE",$0D,0

This makes it much easier to code mes-
sages which are to be printed, as well as a
lot of other routine chores.

ADDRESSING MODES

All three of these assemblers support
the standard addressing modes of the
6502. However, there are two things that
set Moses apart from the others. First, it is
smart enough to tell when it should use
the zero page addressing mode without

Commodore™ software to make
your child a Math Wizard:

MathWiz

MalhWiz includes:

• Mixed Number Addition^ —

• Mixed Number f
Sublradion KrS-

• The Ho*ie Peterson
Drills

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MASTERCA

SERIES 1

Vav ^ ma ' n ^ u ' or ' n 8 a ^ *ith emphasis
1 Mixed Number Subtraction.

on developing skills in
Mixed Number Addition &

'Individual programs available
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/

■ , r

PLEASE SPECIFY
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WITH ORDER.

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Full color
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will thrill
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encourage
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MERRITT™ SOFTWARE, Inc.

P.O. Box 1504 • Fayetteville, AR 72702

1 50 1[ 442-0914-

Software Publish.ing available.

Commodore 64 and Pet are trademarks of Commodore Business Machines.
Im Merritl is a trademark of Merritt Soflware.Inc.
MalhWiz and«77t<r Wpwr'^ Peterson Drills are trademarks ofJEifih Wizard Productions.

2U.LI 3 —

Circle No 222

the programmer having to specify it. In ad-
dition to the normal use of labels in the im-
mediate addressing mode, Moses sup-
ports the immediate addressing of the
high/low byte of a label.

DOCUMENTATION

The instruction manual that comes with
Moses is above average forVIC documen-
tation. It comes in a nice three-ring binder.
There are three basic sections to the
manual. The first is an explanation of the
editor/assembler. It also has two lessonsto
help get the programmer familiar with the
system. The second section is an explana-
tion of the machine language monitor.
This includes demonstrations and syntax
examples of most of the monitor's com-
mands. The third section is the appen-
dices. It includes detailed illustrations of
the usage, syntax, and features of the
assembler. It also contains the data sheets
for the new microprocessor as weli as
sample uses for some of the new opcodes.

The manual is not intended to be a
guide to 65XX machine language pro-
gramming. There are several good books
out which adequately fill this need. With
one of them in the right hand and the
Moses manual in the other, you should
have few problems getting down to the
machine's level.

SUMMARY

Moses is everything that many people
thought they were getting when they
bought VICMON. It is well written and
relatively easy to use. I wouldn't hesitate to
recommend it to anyone who is thinking
about getting into machine language, I
strongly recommend it to those of you
who are tired of growing grey while your
program is being assembled. There is no
doubt in my mind that Moses is fully worth
its price. It even gives me time to answer
those strange phone calls.

Product Name: MOSES,

The 65C02Assembler
for the VIC-20
Century Micro
1832 Tribute Road,
Suite 213

Sacramento, CA 98515
(916)920-3656
$59.95 including car-
tridge, manual, and
65C02 chip.

[According to the manufacturer, versions
of MOSES forthe conventional VIC (6502)
with 8K expansion, and for the C-64 will
be available on disk or tape for $39.95.]

Manufacturer:

Retail Price:

56ICOMMANDER « February 1984

Business

Software for the C-64

By William L Simon, Ph.D.',

"When the 64 was first announced,
programmers thought it was just another
game machine, and didn't pay much at-
tention. But then, they started finding
out that it's really a very powerful
machine."

That's how one executive at a leading
software house explains the flood of
business products for the 64 now begin-
ning to pour onto the market, some of
them capable of giving the small or not-
so-small business a computing capability
that you would expect to find only in a
much larger system.

But of course, this plethora of product
brings with it a dilemma for the buyer.
When there are so many competitive
packages to choose among, what do you
base your selection on? Often we don't
even know the right questions to ask.
One attractive word processing package
will only single space; a very powerful ac-
counting package requires you to input
not one but two six-digit account codes
for every check you enter.

What follows is a comparison of pack-
ages in three categories-word proces-
sing, data base, and (briefly considered}
accounting-intended to help you nar-
row the field to the one or two packages
of a particular type that sound closest to
your needs. The comments are offered
mainly for the Commodore 64 owner
who is running a small business or a part-
time business from the home.

The information will also be helpful to
anyone looking forsoftware for handling
personal chores (letter writing, home

bookkeeping, etc.) Whatever your need,
you should ask your dealer to let you try
the software before deciding, to be sure
it really answers yourrequirements. If you
have dealers as helpful as mine they'll be
glad to cooperate as their time permits.

WORD PROCESSING

NOTE: Unless otherwise mentioned,
the software included here offers the
features expected in the more powerful
word processing packages-page num-
bering; headers and footers; underlining;
italics and bold (when used with a printer
that supports these functions}; mail
merge (which permits you to send indivi-
dualized letters to a list of addressees);
and full editing capabilities including in-
sert, delete, block move, and global
search/replace.

Also note: if you wilf want to use
special characters and functions such as
italics, superscripts, expanded print, or
ASCII characters not on the keyboard,
you should insist that yourdeater demon-
strate that the software/printer combi-
nation you have in mind will produce
them easily. While the better software
can support these functions, and many
dot-matrix printers can provide them, the
particular combination you have in mind
may not be very good partners. The fine
Gemini 10 printer on the system I use
balks when asked for italics, bold or the
like; with one software package, the
printer requires nine (!) control strokes to
provide each superscript numeral.

WordPro 3 Plus

{Professional Software Inc.: $89.95)

WordPro reached the market well
ahead of most other word processing
packages for the 64, based on their
earlier versions for other Commodore
systems, and WordPro 3 has become the
standard against which other offerings
tend to be measured.

The 125-page User's Guide is thor-
ough, well organized and easy to use,
complete with a table of contents and an
index.

WordPro 3 is probably not the best
package, however, foranyofficewherea
number of different people will be using
the system, or where staff turnover re-
quires that new users be trained with
some frequency, since many of the
operating procedures are not readily
remembered. (Directory is called by
pressing f 7 and the zero key; a stored text
is recalled by holding Shift and pressing
Clear/Home, letter r, and the text name.)
Although the Commodore provides
eight function-key modes, WordPro 3
makes use of only two.

One other small annoyance: a series of
questions on the peripheral equipment
must be answered each time the soft-
ware is loaded; there is no provision for
storing the answers. (In fact, a short-cut
procedure is sometime available— indi-
cate your printer type and then press f7
for default answers to the other ques-
tions; this procedure was provided to me
by PSI, and does not appear in the User's
Guide.)

February 1984 • COMMANDERI57

Overall, WordPro 3 is an admirable
package, well worth considering.

Easy Script

(Commodore: $49.95)

Ditto most of the above: Easy Script
and WordPro 3 Plus are twins-not identi-
cal but (to stick to the analogy) at least
fraternal, even to the extent of using
many of the same format commands (en;
to turn on centering; hd for heading for-
mat, etc.)

Both Easy Script and WordPro 3 Plus
provide the capability of preparing indi-
vidualized form letters from a mailing list,
with the additional capability of inserting
unique details in each letter (amount ow-
ed, time of an appointment, or the like).

Easy Script, however, provides a
number of convenience features not
found in its look-alike; among them:
before printing a text, you can obtain a
display on the screen that shows you
where the page breaks will occur when
you print it out. There are also a number
of extra cursor control features (scan nor-
mal, scan fast, jump to end of text, etc.)
And Easy Script makes a more extensive
use of the function keys.

The User's Guide is well thought out,
considerably better than average.

Though it will never earn high marks
for convenience, for a full-capability

word processing package, Easy Script will
be hard to beat.

Script 64

(Computer Marketing: $139:95

Here's an eye-opener: word processing
that includes a dictionary to check your
spelling.

The dictionary, included at no extra
cost, is in effect an empty container
which you fill with words in the course of
using the system. This will slow down
your operation initially; and even when
your dictionary is built up, you will find
that a document of any appreciable
length takes considerable time for the
program to check, with the operator re-
maining at the terminal throughout the
process to respond each time a word is
flagged.

Other dictionary programs fortheC-64
are becoming available; we're still
waiting to see one that can meet deman-
ding requirements.

The Script 64 operates on a different
approach than the above programs. In-
stead of text scrolling as if on one very
long piece of paper, each screen is
treated separately, with the user having
to give a specific command to move from
one screen to the next. You may find this
annoying, especially if you like to be able
to look at what you've just written while

you compose the next bit. But moving
from screen to screen can be done very
readily using the function keys, and the
text is joined from one screen to another
automatically when printing,

Three "Help" screens are provided
(although you must reload the program
disk to access them). Text is in some cases
automatically saved to disk, a very
desirable feature not found in other
systems; (anyone who has ever lost the
document he was working on, through
forgetfulness, hitting the wrong key, or
power failure, will appreciate the value of
this.) Also, deleted material can
sometimes be restored to the screen
(another feature especially welcome to
those who have ever had second
thoughts after a deletion). Keys can be
redefined, so that, for example, the
"equals" sign is replaced by "n", or any
other ASCII character supported by your
printer. You can print out any screens you
selected, rather than having to start your
printing with the first screen of the text.
You can global search/replace several dif-
ferent words or phrases simultaneously.
And two common French characters (c
and e) are directly available on the
keyboard.

One major drawback of Script 64 is
that, once a disk has a number of dif-

TELSTAR 64

10:14:36

Sophisticated Terminal Communications Cartridge for the 64.

*PF0- 10D OQD CP D1 D2 BELL 12:30:00

(TELSTAR's Status Line)

Don't settle tor less than the best!

• Upload/Download to/trom disk or tape.

• Automatic File Translation.

• Communicates in Industry Standard ASCII.

• Real-Time Clock plus Alarm Clock.

• Line editing capability allows correcting and resending long command lines.

• 9 Quick Read functions.

• Menu-driven.

« Similar to our famous STCP Terminal package.

• Works with Commodore Modems and supports auto-dialing.

The best feature is the price — only S49.95 (Cartridge and Manual)

Machine Language Monitor Cartridge

for the C8M 64

More than 20 commands allow you to access the CBM 64s Microprocessors
Registers and Memory Contents. Commands include assemble, disassemble,
registers, memory, transfer, compare, plus many more.

Someday every CBM 64 owner will need a monitor such as this.

Cartridge and Manual — $24.95 circle no. h

8K in 30 Seconds

for your VIC 20 or CBM 64

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Wiih the f?A3Bir you car load and sio'B on your CBM

daiasette on &K p-cg/am in almost 30 seconds, comco'ed

to the current 3 minutes of a ViC 50 o^ CBM 64, almost as

fast os the '541 disk drive

The RABBIT is easy to install, allows one to Appena

Basic Prog r ams. worts with o' without Expansion

Memory, and provides two data file modes- The

P?AB3;T is not only fast but reliable

[TheRabOiffQ' the v:C 20 contains an expansion con

nec'or so you can simultaneously use vour memory .board, etc

$39.95

MAE

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For CBM 64, PET, APPLE, and ATARI

Now you can have The same professionally designed Macro
Assembler Editor as used on Space Shuttle proiects.

• "esgr&d to i^cc-ve Programmer Productivity

• Simiio" synta* ard commands - Mo need to 'eleam pecuha'
syntaxes and ccmTrands when you go ftam °ET to APPLE to
;.-■-;■

• Coresident Assemble* (Edita' -No need to load me Editor. Then
the Assembler men the Editor etc

• Also includes Word Processor Relocating Loader, ana much
more

• Powerful Edito*. Macros Conditional and interactive
Assembly, and Aulo - ie'o ooge addressing

Still not convinced send lor om fee spec sheet 1

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Send for free catalog!

58ICOMMANDER • February 1984

ferent items on it, you may find it difficult
to locate the one you are seeking. The
Directory is not created automatically as
with other systems, but must be filled in
manually; users who do not take the
trouble to do this may find themselves
playing hunt and seek throughout the
disk's 999 screens.

Insta-Writer

{Cimmaron Corp.)

Yet another distinctly different ap-
proach, Insta-Writer is a 40-column soft-
ware that indicates how the line-breaks
will occur in a 60- or 80-column printout:
on the display, the two lines that will pro-
duce a single printout line are highlighted
separately.

Insta-Writer is handy in another way, as
well: the program is on a plug-in chip,
rather than on disk, so that it is ready to
use the instant the computer is turned
on.

Also unique: each time you finish
entering a line, the text shifts, so that you
are always looking at the same place on
the screen; however, this feature makes it
difficult to review more than a few lines
of what has been written, so it is a
drawback for anyone who composes at
the keyboard (as opposed to a secretary
who is simply typing rough copy provid-
ed to her).

A more severe drawback that makes
this package usable in many applications
is that ft will only print out single-spaced
text; it is not possible to double- or triple-
space.

Menus for control commands (storing,
printing, margins, etc.) are provided on
screen, but many users will find the
display contains so many "convenience"
elements that it is distracting to work
with. No merge, italics, bold, or page
numbering is provided.

Copy-Writer

(Microtech)

If you'd like to be able to enter your
text, and then have it printed out in two
columns, ready for reproducing as a
newsletter, manual or what-have-you,
Copy-Writer will do it foryou. In the two-
column mode, the program counts char-
acters before printing each page, deter-
mines where the column-ends should be,
and then prints it all out in a single pass, in
a smaller than usual typeface (which your
printer must be capable of for this to
work).

Another especially attractive feature:
you do not have to go through the an-
noying process of giving your hardware
parameters each time you start up. You
go through the procedure once when
first using the system, and do not have to

repeat it unless you change some hard-
ware. Also, the program, after being con-
figured to your system, can be stored on
your data disks, avoiding the business of
having to swap disks after loading the
program each time you start up the
system.

People who do a lot of on-screen
editing will admire Copy-Writer's Block
Move feature, which is extremely simple
to use, and quite fast-a good model that
programmers of the other word-pro-
cessing systems would do well to copy.

The system also makes good use of the
function keys. Two caveats, one dealing
with the correction of typing errors when
inputting text, which is awkward; and
the other with an unfortunate situation
that the creators of this system should
not have permitted to exist. It's covered
by a warning in the manual that says- "If
you have spent the entire day typing and
you hit T, too bad. . .its gone. "(The two
grammatical errors in the single sentence
are theirs, not ours.) Why the program-
mers couldn't have provided an "Are you
sure?" or similar to avoid this situation
may never be known, but it's enough to
make one think twice about a purchase.

VIC-20 & 64

LEROY'S CHEATSHEET"

ONLY S3.95ea

What is a Cheatsheet, anyway?

Leroy's Cheatsheet'" Keyboard overlays are durable p'Sstic-
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keyboards, the Leroy's Cheatsheet'* surrounds iho k«ys

..-, r -i. .iTiri.il nfnrmatkin, placing your most valuable program-
ming lool at youi fingertips,

At Leroy's Cheatsheet" we take the time to learn ard use
each program before designing a kevhoaid overlay. Not only
are our overlays designed using easy to follow instructions and
illustrations, but all commands are available and many e*Uas
are added to make programming easy and fun.

Out BASIC Leroy's Cheatsheet"* not only has all commands
and funct ons, but also has device numbers, program >>st printing
commands, disk commands, and many illustrative examples of
the jctual BASIC commands in the Cutout.

Leroy's Cheatsheet" overlays make it all easy for only
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THE ULTIMATE

LOCATING AND MEASUREMENT

SYSTEM

ULTRASONIC "RADAR" DETECTS
AND MEASURES PRESENCE AND
DISTANCE OF OBJECTS.

This locating system uses a unique etecirasiatic transducer
10 generates short burstoi inaudible high frequency sound.
The sound travels out from the transducer in a narrow cone
and ftjilecl* hack lot he transducer trum nb|tc Nm ils [s.iih

I ■ , -.:■■■, -r,.; >::.„: >■' i- iht'n „-.r-ii !• : "i , L-l V I ill I*- (I'll I i Tcrl

MiunrJ energy and convert it loan electrical signal. The VIC
urij-l measures the u me between ihe transmitted pulse rind
its echo and computes the distance.

SENSITIVITY: Senses objects as small
as a flower stem.

RANGE: 10 inches to 35 feet.

RESOLUTION: 1/8 inch below 10 feet.

PROVEN VERSATILITY:

the combination of small size and keen precision has made
the non-computer version ideal for such diverse applications
as robotics, liquid level measurement, security, aids lor the
handicapped, electronic tape measure, vehicle back-up sen-
sor and occupational safety. The VTC2GVCW versiun [irumiH^
even more.

IDENTIFIES PERSONNEL
BY THEIR HEIGHT.

Ceiling mounted unit recognizes family members by differ-
ences in their height.

TYPE BY POINTING AT AN "IN-
VISIBLE KEYBOARD SUSPENDED
IN AIR".

In addition to its already proven uses, the computerized
version of this device might possibly be used tor invisible
joy-stick and frrme paddles, or perhaps even .in invisible
no-touch keyboard. A programmer could I" 1 In bed and
pioyram His Commodore computer by simply waving his
tint-er in Ihe air, since this device can accurately measure
the bcanon of his finger tips to less than two tenths ol an
inch Irom 10 feel away.

Ranging module and manual. .. .$99.95
VIC-20/C64 Interface kit & tape. .$99.95

Manual and extensive

documentation $19,95

Automated Training Systems

7906 34th Avenue Southwest
Seattle, WA 98126

Phone (206) 935-7032
information recording

(206) 935-2697

orders only Clrde No . 208

February 1984 • COMMANDERI59

80-COLUMN
WORD PROCESSORS

Word Manager

(Data 20; word processing and mailing
list software included with purchase of
80-column board, $179.95)

The key word here is convenience. This
package won't do many of the things
that sophisticated word processing
packages are expected to handle. But
what it does, it makes so easy for the user
that you may bless it despite the short-
comings.

Word Manager comes with a plastic
strip that you place on the keyboard, just
above the row of number keys. The strip
tells you at a glance that you can under-
line by hitting f 1 (the #1 function key) and
7 center by hitting f 1 Shift-2, save to tape
or disk with f1 Shift-! . And you set
margins, not by embedded codes that
you must memorize or look upeach time,
but simply by typing f1 and Zero. In all, 30
different operations are commanded in
this engagingly simple manner. It is the
height of what computer people like to
call "user friendly".

A separate mailing list program, in-
cluded on the same disk and required for
sending customized letters to a list of ad-
dressees, was not functioning on the ad-
vance version provided to us for evalua-
tion.

But while this package is very attrac-
tive, note the limitations: maximum of
five pages per text, no headers or footers,
no justification, block move limited to
three lines at a time. If having these
capabilities is not important to you, and
your needs justify the cost, you will find
Word Manager to be a program you can
be comfortable using within minutes of
loading. It gives the operator a freedom
from function codes that makes it a
pleasure.

The Word

(Pacific Coast Software: $295 including
80-column board; data base and mail

merge programs planned to be included
on same disk).

As powerful a word processing pro-
gram as you're likely to want, with the
added advantage of 80 columns. The
Word is a snap for anyone familiar with
WordPro, since many of the commands
are the same. But a number of refine-
ments to the control operations, and ad-
ditions to the capabilities list, make this a
program that will be hard to beat.

Just one example of the unexpected
benefits: The Word will, on command,
display on screen exactly what the print-
out will look like-showing not only the
page breaks, but the precise page layout
as well, allowing you to correct format er-
rors in advance of printing.

What is there in life that has no draw-
backs? With The Word, some oper-
ations-such as the insert and delete
modes-are quite slow; and an annoying
flicker (too slow a refresh rate?) occurs
during some operations. There were, as
well, a few other minor problems in the
pre-release program we tried -corrected,
we hope, by the time the package is
available on store shelves. For demand-
ing word-processing applications, The
Word is a first choice. (And my first
choice: it's the software I'm now using
for my own word processing on the
Commodore.)

A WORD OF WARNING: Both of the
80-column programs make use of a
board that plugs into the cartridge slot in
the back of the keyboard. Unfortunately,
Commodore provided no way to lock the
board securely into place, and it does not
take much of a tap or accidental push to
jar the board loose -which destroys all
text in computer memory that you have
not yet stored to disk, and could possibly
ruin the chip in the board as well. Caveat
emptor.

DATA BASE PROGRAMS

File Pac and Inquire Pac

(Pacific Coast Software:

S39.95 and $69.95, respectively)

(13k) Samurai Pak 21 95

Varg 11 95

Vll^-stU

Cassettes

-I

I

Paratrooper 11.95

Triple Play 15.95

Cosmic C'uzer 11.95

£iS

Exterminator '6.95

MH te

07) B98-511'!

^^^^

JT5F

NTERPRISE

pi.lerMa! Extras

Samurai Pak 21.95

Ccrr

Rebel Force 19.95

I

ll

!

1

64 - Text 29.95

CBM-64
Disks

Mail List 21.95

I

I

P.O. Box 155

1

Shipping Add $2.00

Pogo (9-Boll) 17.95

Circ

e

No

97

Both of these packages provide a handy
filing capability forsmall-business or home
use. They can each hold up to 200 records,
with up to 15 fields of information in each
record.

Fields to be sorted may contain up to 30
characters; all other fields may be as long
as desired, with the only limitation that the
total number of characters in all fields can-
not total more than 250.

Records can be sorted on the basis of al-
phabetic or numeric information-arrang-
ing the files in order by customer number
or zip code, for example, or by a date or a
name.

The price difference between the two
packages lies in the search capabilities.
File Pac provides a somewhat limited
ability to search for a particular record or
item. With Inquire Pac, two additional
types of searches are available: threshold,
and conditional. The former allows
searching a particular field in all records
for any number between the designated
values (for example, all customers who
made a purchase between the first and
the last of July). The latter allows you to
search one or more fields for a particular
series of alpha-numeric data ("People
named Jones living in ZIP Code 20036.")

Only one type of file can be maintained
per disk, and the new user will find some
difficulty following the instructions in the
User's Guides, which leave much to be
desired.

Mini-Jini

(Jini Micro-Systems: $89.95)

This is a scaled-down version of the
powerful JinSam data base program us-
ed by the NASA Kennedy Space Center
for a number of functions including the
handling of real-time transducer data
from the Space Shuttle.

Mini-Jini can handle 250 records with
10 fields in each, or as many as 500
records with a smaller number of fields. It
accommodates records up to 750 char-
acters in length. All fields can be sorted
alphabetically or numerically, and the
system offers the user wide flexibility in
designing the format for report print-
outs. Mini-Jini interfaces with WordPro,
so that a mailing list can be readily main-
tained, sorted and kept up to date on the
data base program, and merged with
word processing for customized billings,
promotion letters or the like.

But the most noteworthy feature
about Mini-Jini lies in its ability to perform
calculations. You can add, subtract,
multiply or divide any field with a con-
stant, or any two fields with each other,
and you can obtain the sum and average
of any field. Thus you can subtract the
Paid field from the Due field, then total

60ICOMMANDER • February 1984

the results to find your gross accounts
receivable.

The software conveniently comes on a
chip rather than disk, and the accom-
panying documentation is thorough,
easy to follow and well organized. Mini-
Jini is a hard workerthat will handle many
data base/filing requirements for Com-
modore 64 owners and is a likely can-
didate for the best seller list.

Data Base Manager

(Mirage Concepts; $99.95)

A new entry (relatively speaking) which
we have not yet had a chance to run, this
program provides up to 200 fields per
record, with as many as 250 characters
perfield (limited to 2,000total characters
per record). The system provides condi-
tional sorts, multiple sorts, and powerful
variety of arithmetic manipulations. If
you have need for a powerful DBM, this
one sounds like something worth look-
ing into.

ACCOUNTING

ACCOUNT PAC

(Pacific Coast Software; $29.95)

Designed for home and small- (very
small-) business use, Account Pac has a
capacity of 99 accounts. As with most
computer accounting packages, Ac-
count Pak is a "double entry" system,
which means that, in accordance with
standard bookkeeping procedure, each
transaction must be entered in two
places-for example, a deduction foryour
checking account and an equal amount
added to the expenditures in your
Postage account. This software simplifies
the task by making an automatic entry in
you checking account in many cases.

Printouts are limited to a bank-account
listing for the current period, and
balances of each account for the month
and year to date, along with totals of in-
com items, expense items, etc.

Business Pac
General Ledger

(Pacific Coast Software; $59.95)

Any company too small to have a
regular bookkeeper or accountant, but
eager to computerize its financial
records, will want to consider Business
Pac. The software has been well design-
ed with the user in mind, so that entries
can be made with a minimum of key-
pressing. Yet it will provide all of the most
needed reports: Thai Balance; Income
Statement; and Balance Sheet.

The User's Guide is brief but quite
clearly written, although sample ac-
counts and pictures of the report format
would help.

The system handles up to 99 accounts
with a flexible, three-digit numbering
system. A greater variety of user needs
will be supported when the planned ac-
counts receivable and accounts payable
packages become available.

Info Designs
General Ledger

(Info Designs; $199)

This is the big one. General Ledger will
handle 300 accounts, 1,500 transactions
a month, and dollar amounts so large
that you will fantasize about your com-
pany growing large enough to challenge
the system (by which time you would
probably be on the Fortune list.)

One of a series of interfaced accoun-
ting programs, General Ledger is well
suited to companies that are concerned
about the possibility of outgrowing a less
sophisticated package. In addition to its
large capacity, the system maintains ac-
count balances for present month, quar-
ter to date, year to date, previous quar-
ters and previous year. It will print a wide
variety of routine and special reports, in-
cluding all the usual ones plus a General
Journal, Cash Receipts and Cash Dis-
bursements journals, Update reports,
and several others.

The system is so sophisticated, in fact,
that it may be unnecessarily complex for
anyone who does not have bookkeeping
or accounting experience. Also, the ac-
count numbering system-which re-
quires entering six digits and a decimal
point for the debit entry of each transac-
tion, and an equal number for the credit
entry-may seem more cumbersome
than justified for a small business. CPA's
and Corporate Treasurers will applaud
the program. Others may get more than
they were looking for.

The 77-page User's Guide gives detail-
ed explanations, and is well illustrated
with sample reports and examples. The
volume suffers, however, from poor or-
ganization that does not present the in-
formation in +be form or order needed by
a user trying to learn the system.

Still, if you are looking for a do-every-
thing general ledger program that your
company is unlikely to outgrow, look no
further.

FUTURES

Here's a short list of some programs
that software houses say they expect to
release soon for the 64.

*A 40-column word processing pack-
age with the operating convenience of
Word Manager (see above), enhanced
with a number of features not provided
on that program; from: Data 20.

*A C-64 version of the best-selling
Home Accountant, tailored for small
business use; and C-64 version of the
popular Tax Advantage personal income
tax program, from Continental Software.

* A C-64 version of one of those incre-
dible programs that asks you a series of
questions in English, then writes out the
complete code in Basic for the program
that will do the task you have in mind;
from Computer Marketing.

In an upcoming issue, we'll cover
spreadsheets and more of the accoun-
ting packages now reaching the market.

WILLIAM L SIMON Is a full-time free-
lance writer of documentary films who
holds a Ph.D. in communications but in-
dulges his fascination with computers by
writing on the subject whenever he finds
a chance. He lives in Rancho Sante Fe,
California. fij

ATTENTION OWNERS OF

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ACCESSORIES &

BOOKS FOR THE

VIC-20"'.' &

COMMODORE 64™

COMPUTER

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THE SOFTWARE CLEARING HOUSE

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NAME

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February 1984 • COMMANDER/61

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IComputerMal -Box 166-1 Z • Lake Hdvdsu City, AZ 86403 Add 51.00 For Shipping 1

62ICOMMANDER • February 1984

c

OMMODORE

(mora power than Apple II at hall trie price)

64

at hall trie price;

$99. 50 *

170K DISK DRIVE $1 59.00*
TRACTION FRICTION PRINTER $109.00

COMPUTER AND SOFTWARE

SALE

WE J
HAVE
THE

BEST
SERVICE

WE

HAVE

THE

LOWEST

PRICES

VIC-20

(a real computer at the price of a toy)

50

s 69.

• 40-80 COLUMN BOARD $59.00

• 32K RAM EXPANDER $95.00

* COMMODORE 64 COMPUTER $99.50

You pay only $199.50 when you order the power-
ful 84K COMMODORE 64 COMPUTER! LESS the
value of the SPECIAL SOFTWARE COUPON we
pack with your computer that allows you to
SAVE OVER $100 oM software sale prices!! With
only $100 of savings applied, your net computer
cost isS99.50!!

SOFTWARE BONUS PACK $29.95

When you buy the Commodore 64 Computer
from Protecto Enterprizes you qualify to pur-
chase ONE SOFTWARE BONUS PACK for a
special price of $29.95!! Normal price is $49.95
(40 programs on disk or 24 programs on 5 tapes).

* 1 70K DISK DRIVE $159.00

You pay only $259.00 when you order the 170K
Disk Drive! LESS the value of the SPECIAL
SOFTWARE COUPON we pack with your disk
drive that allows you to SAVE OVER $100 off
software sate prices!! With only $100 of savings
applied, your net disk drive cost is $159.00.

* TRACTION FRICTION PRINTER $109.00

You pay only $209.00 when you order the Com-
star T/F deluxe line printer that prints 8 1/2 x 11
full size, single sheet, roll or Ian fold paper,
labels etc. 40, 66, 60, 132 columns. Impact dot
matrix, bi-directional, 80 CPS. LESS the value of
the SPECIAL SOFTWARE COUPON we pack
with your printer that allows you to SAVE OVER
$100 off software sale prices!! With only $100 of
savings applied your net printer cost is only
$109.00.

B0 COLUMN BOARD $99.00

Now you program 80 COLUMNS on the screen
at one time! Converts your Commodore 64 to 80
COLUMNS when you plug in the 80 COLUMN
EXPANSION BOARO!" List $199 SALE S99
PLUS— you also can get an 80 COLUMN BOARD
WORD PROCESSOR with mail merge, terminal
emulator, ELECTRONIC SPREAD SHEET. List
$59,00 SALE $24.95 if purchased with 80
COLUMN BOARD!! (Tape or Disk)

BO COLUMNS IN COLOR
EXECUTIVE WORD PROCESSOR $69.00
This EXECUTIVE WORD PROCESSOR is the
finest available for the COMMODORE 64 com-
puter! The ULTIMATE for PROFESSIONAL Word-
processing application! DISPLAYS 40 OR 80
COLUMNS IN COLOR or Black and White! Sim-
ple to operate, powerful text editing with a 250
WORD DICTIONARY, complete cursor and in-
sert/delete key controls line and paragraph inser-
tion, automatic deletion, centering, margin set-
tings and output to all printers! Includes a
powerful mail merge. List $99.00 SALE S69.00.
20000 WORD DICTIONARY - List $24.95 SALE
$19.95. EXECUTIVE DATA BASE - List $89.00
SALES59.00. (Diskonlyl.

SPECIAL SOFTWARE COUPON

We pack a SPECIAL SOFTWARE COUPON

with every COMMODORE 64 COMPUTER-

DISK DRIVE-PRINTER-MONITOR we sell!

This coupon allows you

to SAVE

OVER

$100 OFF SALE

PRICES

$200-$300 sav-

ings are possible!

(example)

PROFESSIONAL SOFTWARE

COMMODORE 64

Neme

Lul

Salfi

Coupon

Executive Word

Processor

199 00

$69.00

$59 00

Executive DataBase

$3900

SS9.00

145 00

20,000 Word Dictionary

124.95

119.95

$1495

Electronic Spreadsheet

$89 00

$59 00

146 00

Accounting Pack

S69.00

$49 00

$32 00

Total 5 2

Word Processor

Tape

169 00

$56 00

$37 00

Disk

$79 95

$63.00

142 00

TolalTe<l2 6

Word Processor

Tape

$«95

$39.00

$26 00

Disk

$49 00

$42.00

$29 00

Total Label 2 6

Tape

12*95

$18 00

11200

Disk

J29 95

$23 00

$1500

Programmers

Helper (Disk)

$59 00

$39 00

$29 95

Basic Tulor|Tape/Oisk)

129 95

$24 95

$1500

Typing Teacher

(TapslDiskl

S29 95

$24 95

$15.00

Sprile DesigneriDiski

$16 95

$14 95

$10 00

Medicinemen (Tape!

S19 95

$1795

$1200

WealherWarlllTapel

$19 95

$1795

$1200

Professional Joy Slick

$24 95

$1595

$11 00

Light Pen

$3995

11995

$16 95

Qusl Cover

S 8 95

1 6 95

$ 4 60

rSep other

Hems in ou

cataloq')

Wri

te or call (or

Sample SPECIAL SOFTWARE COUPON!

EXECUTIVE QUALITY
PROFESSIONAL BUSINESS SOFTWARE

The Cadillac of business programs
for Commodore 64 Computers

Mem

Inventory Management

Accounts Receivable

Accounts Payable

Payroll

General Ledge'

rcOUP^I PRICE S49.M)

List

■SALE

$99 00

159 00

$99 00

159 00

$99 00

$59 00

199.00

S59O0

$99 00

159 00

VIC-20 COMPUTER $69.50

This 25K VIC-20 computer includes a full size 66
key typewriter keyboard color and graphics keys,
upper/lower case, full screen editor, 16K level II
microsolt basic, sound and music, real time
floating point decimal, self leaching book, con-
nects to any T. V. or monitor?

40-80 COLUMN BOARD $59.00

Now you can get 40 OR 80 COLUMNS on your
T.V. or monitor at one time! No more running
out of line space for programming and making
columns! Just plug in this Expansion Board and
you immediately convert your VIC-20 computer
to 40 OR B0 COLUMNS!! List $129. SALE $59.00.
You can also get an 80 COLUMN BOARD WORD
PROCESSOR with mail merge, terminal emulat-
or. ELECTRONIC SPREAD SHEET!! List $59.00.
SALE $24.95 if purchased with 80 COLUMN
BOARD! (Tape or Disk).

32K RAM EXPANDER $95.00

This cartridge increases programming power
over 8 times!! Expands total memory to 57K
(57.000 bytes). Block switches are on outside of
cover! Has expansion port!! Lists for $199 (OUR
BEST BUY!)

tiOK MEMORY EXPANDER $49.00

Sixslot — Switch selectable — Reset button —
RibOon cable — CARDCO A must to get the
most out of your VIC-20 Computer!

8K RAM CARTRIDGE $39.00

Increases programming power 2 1/2 limes. Ex-
pands total memory to 33K (33,000 bytes).
Memory block switches are on outside ol cover!
Includes FREE $16.95 game.

16K RAM CARTRIDGE $55.00

Increases programming power 4 times. Expands
total memory to 41K (41,000 bytes). Memory
block switches are an outside cover! CAROCO
Includes FREE $29.95 adventuregame!!

12" GREEN SCREEN MONITOR $99.00

Excellent quality GREEN PHOSPHOROUS
VIDEO MONITOR with antiglare, 1920 characters
(80 characters x 24 rows). Save your TV! a must
for 80 column word processors PLUS $9.95 lor
VIC 20 or Commodore 64 Cable.

12" AMBER SCREEN MONITOR $119.00

Premium quality AMBER VIDEO MONITOR With
antiglare. (80 characters x 24 rows), exceptional-
ly clear screen, faster scanning. PLUS $9.95 for
VIC 20 or Commodore 64 Cable

• LOWEST PRICES

• BEST SERVICE IN U.S.A.

15DAYFREETRIAL»90 DAY FREE REPLACEMENT WARRANTY
• ONE DAY EXPRESS MAIL • OVER 500 PROGRAMS • FREE CATALOGS

| Add $10.00 lor shipping, handling and insurance. Illinois residents
| please add 6% tax. Add $20,00 for CANADA. PUERTO RICO HAWAII
J orders. WE DO NOT EXPORT TO OTHER COUNTRIES.
| Enclose Cashiers Check, Money Order or Personal Check. Allow 14 days
. for delivery, 2 to 7 days for phone orders, 1 day express mail! Canada
orders must be in U.S. dollars. VISA - MASTERCARD - COD

EN IF ERPR I Z E S ,we love cur cust ° mer $>

BOX 550, BARRINGTON, ILLINOIS 60010
Phone 312/382-5244 to order

Circle No 34

FANTASTIC

PRINTER

SALE

as

low

as

$

149

00

15 Day Free Trial - WO Day Immediate Replacement Warranty

80 COLUMN THERMAL PRINTER - 60 CPS

Bi-directional, dot matrix, prints 8V letter size paper, full 80 columns, high
resolution graphics, dot bit addressable, special symbols and true decenders!
(Centronics parallel interface)

80 COLUMN TRACTOR-FRICTION PRINTER — 80 CPS

Bi-directional, dot matrix, impact, prints single sheets, continuous feed paper,
adjustable columns, 40 to 132 characters! Roll paper adapter $32.95. (Serial or
Centronics parallel interface)

PREMIUM QUALITY 10" CARRIAGE T/F PRINTER — 120 CPS

Bi-directional, impact, 9x9 dot matrix with double strike for 18 x 18 dot matrix.
High resolution bit image (120 x 144 dot matrix) underlining back spacing, left and
right margin settings, true lower decenders, with super and sub scripts. Prints
standard, italic, block graphics, special characters, plus 24 of user definable
characters and much more!! Prints single sheets, continuous feed and roll paper!
(Centronics parallel interface)

PREMIUM QUALITY 15%" CARRIAGE PRINTER — 120 CPS

Has all the features of the Premium Quality 10" Carriage T/F Printer above plus a
15'/2" carriage and more powerful electronic components to handle large business
forms! ( Centronics parallel interface)

HIGH SPEED PREMIUM QUALITY T/F

10" PRINTER - 160 CPS

Save printing time with these plus features: 160 CPS speed, 100% duty cycle, 8K
buffer diverse character fonts special symbols and true decenders, vertical and
horizontal tabs. This is Red Hot Efficiency!!! (Serial or Centronics parallel interface)

HIGH SPEED PREMIUM QUALITY

T/F 15V 2 " PRINTER — 160 CPS

Has all the features of the 10" Carriage high speed printer plus a 1514" carriage and
more powerful electronics to handle larger business forms! (Serial or Centronics
parallel interface)

PARALLEL PRINTER INTERFACES: (IN STOCK)

• For VIC-20 and COMMODORE 64 $49.00

• For all APPLE COMPUTERS $69.00

• For ATARI 400 and 800 COMPUTERS $79.00

NOTE: Other printer interfaces are available at computer stores'.

WE DO NOT EXPORT TO OTHER COUNTRIES EXCEPT

CANADA.

Enclose Cashiers Check. Money Order or Personal Check. Allow

14 days for delivery, 2 to 7 days tor phone orders. 1 day express

mail! Canada orders must be in U.S. dollars. We accept Visa

and MasterCard We ship COD

LIST
$199

$399

$499

SALE

$149

$209

$289

$599

$699

$799

$379

$499

$599

SALE

SALE

E N T E R P R I Z E S w LOVt ouR customersi

BOX 550. BARRINGTON, ILLINOIS 60010
Phono 312J382-5244 to order

cardcojnc

H It's time for your
computer to grow up.

VIC-20 EXPANDER SALE!

8K RAM MEMORY EXPANDER

(Free $16.95 Game)

16K RAM MEMORY EXPANDER "CARDCO"

(Free $29.95 Adventure Game)

24K RAM MEMORY EXPANDER

(Free $29.95 Adventure Game)

32K RAM MEMORY EXPANDER

(Expands to total memory to 57K (57,000 bytes)

3 SLOT "CARDCO" SWITCHABLE EXPANDER BOARD

6 SLOT "CARDCO" SWITCHABLE "CARDCO"

RIBBON CABLE EXPANDER BOARD (Lifetime warra

40-80 COLUMN BOARD

PARALLEL PRINTER INTERFACE

VIC 20

40-80 COLUMN BOARD

ly $ 59 00

LIST

SALE

$ 69.95

$39.00

$ 99.00

$55.00

$159.00

$79.00

$199.00

$95.00

$ 39.95

$29.00

nty) $ 99.00
$129.00
$ 99.00

$49.00
$59.00
$49.00

» 40-80
I COLUMNS 1

on

Now you can get 40 or 80 Columns on your T.V. or monitor at one time! No
more running out of line space for programming and making columns. Just
plug in this board and you immediately convert your VIC-20 computer to 40
or 80 columns! Comes in an attractive molded case with instructions!
List S129.00 Sale S59.00 __

FOR ONLY $24.95 you can get a 40-80 Column Board "WORD PROCESSOR" with mail merge
and terminal emulator PLUS! AN ELECTRONIC SPREAD SHEET (like Visicalc) the word
processor requires 8K— mail merge 16K! List $59.00. Sale S39.90. 'If purchased with board
only $24.95. (Tape or Disk.) cirdeNo.3*

Add $3.00 for postage. Add $6.00 (or CANADA. PUERTO RICO HAWAII
orders. WE DO NOT EXPORT TO OTHER COUNTRIES
Enclose Cashiers Check. Money Order or Personal Check Allow 14
days lor delivery, 2 10 7 days lor phone orders, 1 day express mail 1
Canada orders must be in US. dollars. We accept Visa and Master

I Card. We ship COD. ■

FNTERPRIZES WE LOVE OUR CUSTOMERS.

BOX 550, BARRINGTON, ILLINOIS 60010
Phone 312/382-5244 to order

® SANYO MONITOR SALEM

9" Doto Monitor

80 Columns x 24 lines
Green text display
East to read - no eye strain
Up front brightness control
High resolution graphics
Quick start - no preheating
Regulated power supply
Attractive metal cabinet
UL and FCC approved

• 15 Day Free Trial - 90 Day Immediate Replacement Warranty

9" Screen - Green Text Display $ 79.00

12" Screen -Green Text Display (anti-reflective screen) $ 99.00
12" Screen -Amber Text Display (anti-reflective screen) $119.00
14" Screen - Color Monitor (national brand) $249.00

Display Monitors From Sanyo

With the need for computing power growing every day, Sanyo has
stepped in to meet the demand with a whole new line of low cost, high
quality data monitors. Designed for commercial and personal com-
puter use. All models come with an array of features, including up-
front brightness and contrast controls. The capacity 5x7 dot
characters as the input is 24 lines of characters with up to
80 characters per line.

Equally important, all are built with Sanyo's commitment
to technological excellence. In the world of Audio/Video, Sanyo is
synonymous with reliability and performance. And Sanyo quality is
reflected in our reputation. Unlike some suppliers, Sanyo designs,
manufactures and tests virtually all the parts that go into our products,
from cameras to stereos. That's an assurance not everybody can
give you!

©

Official Video Products
of the Los Angeles 1984 Olympics

099

]

• LOWEST PRICES • 15 DAY FREE TRIAL • 90 DAY FREE REPLACEMENT WARRANTY
• BEST SERVICE IN U.S.A. • ONE DAY EXPRESS MAIL • OVER 500 PROGRAMS • FREE CATALOGS

t Add 510 00 for shipping, handling and Insurance. Illinois residents I
| please add 8% tax. Add S20.00 for CANADA, PUERTO RICO, HAWAII |
I orders. WE DO NOT EXPORT TO OTHER COUNTRIES.

| Enclose Cashiers Check, Money Order or Personal Check. Allow 14 |
| days for delivery. 2 to 7 days lor phone orders, 1 day express mail! j
I Canada orders must be in U.S. dollars. Visa ■ MasterCard • C.0.D

I

FW"i"FRPRi2ES we - oveolihcus7o>jfb s>

BOX 550, BARRING TON, ILLINOIS 60010
Phone 31 2/382-5244 to order

VIC 20

40-80 COLUMN BOARD

$5900

only

Now you can get 40 or 80 Columns on your T.V. or monitor at one time! No
more running out of line space for programming and making columns. Just
plug in this board and you immediately convert yur VIC-20 computer to 40 or
80 columns! Comes in an attractive molded case with instructions! List
$129.00. Sale $59.00.

FOR ONLY $24.95 you can get a 40-80 Column Board "WORD PROCESSOR" with mail merge
and terminal emulator PLUS! AN ELECTRONIC SPREAD SHEET (like Visicalc) the word
processor requires 8K— mail merge 16K! List $59.00. Sale $39.90. *lf purchased with board
only $24.95. (Tape or Disk.)

WE LOVE OUR CUSTOMERS!

80

COLUMN

COMMODORE 64 4

80 COLUMN BOARD

$ggoo

Now you can program 80 columns on the screen
at one time! Converts your Commodore 64 to 80
coilumns when you plug in the PROTECTO 80
Expansion Board List $199. Sale $99.00

SALE

FOR ONLY $24.95 you can get an 80 Column Board "WORD PROCESSOR" with mail merge and
terminal emulator PLUS! AN ELECTRONIC SPREAD SHEET (like Visicalc) List $59.00. Sale $39.90.
* If purchased with board only $24.95. (Tape or Disk.)

Add S3. 00 for postage Add S6 00 tor CANADA. PUERTO RICO. HAWAII
orders WE DO NOT EXPORT TO OTHER COUNTRIES
Enclose Cashiers Check, Money Order or Personal Check Allow M
days lor delivery. 2 lo 7 days for phone orders. 1 day express mail 1
Canada orders must be in U.S.. dollars We accept Visa and Master-
Card. We ship OO.D.

p ft| "TFRPRI7PJS WE LOVE OUR CUSTOMERS)

BOX 550, BARRINGTON, ILLINOIS 60010
Phone 312/382-5244 to order

Circle No. 34

FLOPPY DISKS SALE *$1.19 ea.

Economy Model or Cadillac Quality

LORyIN

CEBIIFIfD PERSONAL
COMPUTER CHSK

We have the lowest prices! LORAH

CSRtlFKO PfRSOMAt
COMPUKP CkSX

'ECONOMY DISKS

Good quality 5V4 " single sided single density with hub rings.
Bulk Pac 100 Qty. $1.19 ea.

lOQty. 1.39 ea.

Total Price
Total Price

$119.00
13.90

CADILLAC QUALITY

• Each disk certified * Free replacement lifetime warranty • Automatic dust remover

For those who want cadillac quality we have the Loran Floppy Disk. Used by professionals because they can rely
on Loran Disks to store important data and programs without fear of loss! Each Loran disk is 100% certified (an
exclusive process) plus each disk carries an exclusive FREE REPLACEMENT LIFETIME WARRANTY. With Loran
disks you can have the peace of mind without the frustration of program loss after hours spent in proqram
development.

100% CERTIFICATION TEST

Some floppy disk manufacturers only sample test on a batch basis the disks they sell, and then claim they are
certified. Each Loran disk is individually checked so you will never experience data or program loss durinq your
lifetime!

FREE REPLACEMENT LIFETIME WARRANTY

We are so sure of Loran Disks that we give you a free replacement warranty against failure to perform due to faul-
ty materials or workmanship for as long as you own your Loran disk.

AUTOMATIC DUST REMOVER

Just like a record needle, disk drive heads must travel hundreds of miles over disk surfaces. Unlike other floppy
disks the Loran smooth surface finish saves disk drive head wear during the life of the disk. (A rough surface will
grind your disk drive head like sandpaper). The lint free automatic CLEANING LINER makes sure the disk-killers
(dust & dirt) are being constantly cleaned while the disk is being operated. PLUS the Loran Disk has the highest
probability rate of any other disk in the industry for storing and retaining data without loss for the life of the disk.

Loran is definitely the Cadillac disk in the world

Just to prove it even further, we are offering these super LOW INTRODUCTORY PRICES
List $4.99 ea. INTRODUCTORY SALE PRICE $2.99 ea. (Box of 10 only) Total price $29.90

$3.33 ea. (3 quantity) Total price $9.99

All disks come with hub rings and sleeves in an attractive package.

DISK DRIVE CLEANER s 19.95

Everyone needs a disk drive doctor

FACTS

• 60% of all drive downtime is directly related to poorly maintained drives.

• Drives should be cleaned each week regardless of use.

• Drives are sensitive to smoke, dust and all micro particles.

• Systematic operator performed maintenance is the best way of ensuring error free use of your computer
system.

The Cheetah disk drive cleaner can be used with single or double sided 5 1 A" disk drives. The Cheetah is an
easy to use fast method of maintaining efficient floppy diskette drive operation.

The Cheetah cleaner comes with 2 disks and is packed in a protective plastic folder to prevent contamination.
List $29.95 /Sale $19.95 j

I Add S10.0O for shipping, handling and Insurance. Illinois residents I

| please add 6% lax. Add £20.00 lor CANADA, PUERTO RICO, HAWAII |

j orders. WE DO NOT EXPORT TO OTHER COUNTRIES.

I Enclose Cashiers Check. Money Order or Personal Check. Allow 14 |

j days for delivery. 2 lo 7 days lor phone orders. 1 day express mail! j

ENTERPRIZES

WS LOV,E OuBCUSlOMtHS'

Canada orders musl be in US dollars Visa ■ MasterCard - COD

BOX 550. HARRINGTON. ILLINOIS 60010
Phon* 312/3B2-S244 to o-der

Circle No. 34

- -'-■■■■-■' ■ v - ■■■■■■; ■ ity^y^WWMW^^^^^ -v v^^ v ^Avm^^^^p--^^^^.

GET THE MOST FROM
YOUR VIC-20/C64

CASSETTE INTERFACE
USE ANY PORTABLE
CASSETTE RECORDER
CONTROLS THE CASSETTE
MOTOR

MAKE COPIES OF ANY
TAPE PROGRAM
SATISFACTION GUAR-
ANTEED

ONLY $3495 FLUS$1.60FOR
SHIPPING

FULL RS232 INTERFACE
CONNECTS TO USER PORT
FULL RS232 CONVERSION
CONNECTS ANY STANDARD
MODEM OR SERIAL PRINTER
COMES WITH TYPE IN BASIC
TERMINAL PROGRAM
SATISFACTION GUARANTEED
ONLY S3995 PLUS $1 60 FOR
SHIPPING

ADD S2.50 EXTRA OUTSIDE US. CANADA OR MEXICO
SEND TODAY FOR OUR FREE CATALOG

SEE YOUR LOCAL DEALER OR CALL:

(206) 236-BYTE

QMNTTRONIX (

PO BOX 12309 DEPT.GC2
SEATTLE, WA 98111

Formerly BYTESIZE \
MICRO TECHNOLOGY J

^T™7TT^!^ TT^rr^TZVZ^UUBm

COM-PROTECT III®

COMPUTER PROTECTION DEVICE

SPIKE PROTECTION
SURGE PROTECTION
BROWNOUT PROTECTION
POWER DROPOUT PROTECTION
RFI FILTERING

This high performance computer protection device offers SO nano
seconds response to electrical spikes, produced by near lightning strikes,
and electromotively induced spike voltages on your power linB. RFI
filtering, 60 DB down at 92 KHZ. Surge protection 260 volt peak (130
volts A.C.I. Brownout and dropout protection shutting system down
if voltage drops below 60 volts A.C. Must be manually reset, which pro-
tects disks from accidental writeover; also protects computer from surge
caused by sudden power return $79.95

GOSUB OF SLIDELL, INC • P.O. BOX 1781
SLIDE LL, LA 70459 • (504)641-8397
Personal Check, Money Order or COD (add S2). $1.50 Postage & Handl-
ing. LA residents add 6% tax. Master Can! & Visa.

-The

[omputer.

H Btmork

BUSINESS APPLICATIONS FOR THE

COMMODORE 64 AND VIC 20

RELIABLE!! NEW!!

PARALLEL INTERFACE — $49.95 • NewfromData 20, a Parallel interface forthe unbelievable lowprice of $49. 9511 Easy to
use, simply plug it in— no software to load or switches to configure. Translates the Commodore character set to ASCII-
appears to the system as o 1525 Printer. Make printing with your Commodore 64 EASY.

INVENTORY MANAGER SOFTWARE — $99.95 • Having trouble keeping track of youf inventory or hobby col lections? If so,
our "Inventory Manager" will solve your problems. The Inventory Manager Is designed to work with either the Commodore 64
orthe VIC 20with 1 6k & 40/80 Column expander. It gives you complete control of 2500 separate Item files with 99,999 Items
per file. Generate reports by vendor or department, 1000 vendor possibilities, one-step posting process.

THE BESTWORD-PROCESSORFORCOMMODORE 64 -ONLY $29.95 • TheData20Wordmanagerhasfeaturesfound
in word processors costing many times more. Features like on-screen editing (what you see is what you get), right justify,
search & replace, block move and copy as well as many more. This package also includes integrated mailing list
system— produces form letters fast. All files compatible with 80 Column version that comes free with Data 20 80-Column
products. (See below)

80-COLUMN SCREEN EXPANSION FOR COMMODORE 64 OR VIC 20 • Install the Data 20Dlsplay manager in your VIC
20 and you will upgrade your system to 40 or 80 Columns, plus ASCII terminal emulator, screen print feature, and
Wordmanager software for 80-Column wordprocesslng. 8K of expansion RAM optional.

The Video Pak 80 and the Z-80 Video Pak are designed forthe Commodore 64, giving you all the above listed features, also
including the FREE Wordmanager Software and Integrated Mall List Program. The Z-80 Video Pak Includes ail the standard
features, but adds a Z-80 microprocessor and a CP/M compatible operating system.

The Computer Network

P.O. Box 9840
Fountain Volley, CA 92708

Coll Toll Free 800-221-9948
in California 714-656-4366

If you want your 64 to do more than

play gamei, The Computer Network

hai whatyouwantll

Circle No 103

February 1984 • COMMANDERI69

Support Your
Local Programmer

! By Jim Grubbsi

You finally entered the world of the
home computer. That sale at the local
flashing blue light store sure gave you a
good price on your VIC, Then the rub
comes. As they say, there's no such thing
as a free lunch. First you've got to have
some way to load and save programs.
Bang-$65 fora cassette recorder that you
can't even listen to! Next you find that it's
very difficult to debug anything other
than a simple program without a paper
copy of the listing. Bang-$300 for an in-
expensive printer, and that doesn't even
come close to being a letter quality unit,
So much for your dreams of cheap pro-
cessing As time goes on you find that the
cassette recorder realiy is slow and
wouldn't it be nice to have a disk drive.
Well, the story goes on and on, but there
is one common factor. Your new hobby
needs some financing,

For at least some of you there is a way
to get all those goodies and even deduct
some of the expense from your income
tax, all the while letting someone else pay
for the expansion of your system. As
mentioned though, there is no such
thing as a free lunch. The cost to you wilt
be a taxing of your creative ability and
some of your valuable free time.

The answer is a simple one and a time
honored one. Go into business for
yourself. This is not a get rich quick
scheme, but it could very well work out
that you never have to spend another
dollar of your regular income on your
hobby.
70ICOMMANDER • February 1984

The actual form of your small com-
puter business can take several forms.
We will discuss each of them, though
your personal approach will most likely
be a combination of several of these
techniques with your own personal
perspective added.

BE A CHEAPSKATE

Do not spend a fortune on your begin-
ning system! If Aunt Mary is in the ap-
pliance business and can get you a $2000
system for $498 but you have to buy it all
right now, then by all means do it. But if
you are like most of us and are doing this
on a budget, enter the field cautiously.
Remember the idea here is to let
somebody else buy the goodies for you.

You will probably find that the basic
computer will keep you quite busy for
several months just getting used to its
personality and oddities. If you have
never programmed before, or have done
very little of it don't despair. The beauty
of BASIC is that you start thinking in sim-
ple' BASIC operations almost immediate-
ly. The next step involves realizing that
you can perform the same operation us-
ing half as much memory space. As time
goes on your programs become more
concise and more complicated. You start
to realize the potential of the machine at
your fingertips. If there is a particular
thing you are trying to do, look around at
the software in the public domain, read
COMMANDER, look at the listings of
your friends' programs. Somewhere,

someone has used a routine to ac-
complish something similar to what you
have in mind. Make a note, mental or
physical of how they did it. This is not to
suggest you plagiarize, but rather get a
feel for how something is done. Then
write it your own way. It will probably be
better suited to your application than if
you try and force someone else's sub-
routine into your program anyway.

RIGHT IN

YOUR OWN BACK YARD

You are now beginning to feel comfor-
table with your machine. Yourfriends are
noticing the redness in your eyes from
your midnight staring at the TV or
monitor screen. It's time to think about
your first money making project.

Do you have other hobbies? Are you
particularly interested in energy conser-
vation, fishing, sunspots, astronomy,
satellites, or any other specialized area? Is
there a void of program available in your
subject of interest? Almost without ex-
ception the answer will be yes. Here is
where we begin to make our hobby pay
for itself. Choose something in your sub-
ject area that lends itself to a computer
program of reasonable proportions and
write one yourself. You may find that the
subject you are interested in has been
covered by someone else, but not for
your computer. Do it! Then put it away
for a while. Repeat this process until you
are reasonably sure that you have the
product you set out to produce or an

LEARN

MACHINE LANGUAGE

Have Complete Control
Over Your Commodore 64

• Write Fast-action Arcade-style graphics

• Fully use the Music synthesizer

• Completely understand the Computer

• Develop your skills inventory

Learn with the Tutorial that comes
complete with a Full set of professional
quality development tools.

Add Machine Language to your bag
of tricks.

DEVELOP- 64 includes a Co-resident

Assembler /Editor /Decoder /Debugger /Loader

/Saver

PLUS the Machine Language Programmer's

Bible:

"Inside The Commodore 64"

Call Toll-free 7-800-328-0745
or in Minnesota call: (672) 877-4505

m

P.O. Box 7426 Minneapolis, MN 55407

Circle No. 17

LfNrvJOloiV professional
Data-base system for Commodore 64

• up to 2400 chrs/rcd • up to 80 flds/rcd

• unlimited reds/disk • 19 calculation fncts

• plus much more • ONLY S89.95

3 new aids for users of Vic 20 & C-64

• IEEE interface cartridge - enables you to use ANY
Commodore disk drive or printer. CBM approved.
$84.95

•VICAID 14 programmers aids, including RE-
NUMBER, CHANGE. DELETE. TRACE. You need
this to program S44.95

• VICMON 23 commands to help you write in
machine code $44.95

Vicmon & Vicaid S84.95

WD residents add 5% tax Dealer inquires invited.

Beaver Software Systems

PO Box 88

Cabin John. MD 20818

DrcleNo.203 (301)229-4082

\general systems consulting/

^— 1^\. 2312 Roffing Rock DriiAt yr

P»Hl \. Conlev. George 30C27 /

rjmi

Cassette soe— .v»3[

i^lsi 0M

SLSCLAIR ZXIl

TTMEX SINCLAIR I0OJ

COMMODORE VTC20

TTMFJ SINCLAIR tUJO

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TFSIO COLOII

COMMODORE u

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ami

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JSS

DESIGNED TO HELP MONfTOfi YOUR FINANCES

IAK MLNIMLIM FOR T/S 1000 A ZXJI
EXTENDED OR HON EXTENDED FOR TT 4 TRSJ0

(4fl4)433-7T43
h {404} 243-7369

' Al but X iiomM

" AT Imtmt SK j.Eur.u>n

ZX1I
T/S ICO)
TaS 1500

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BANK STATEMENT BALANCER

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CHECKBOOK SIMULATOR

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TOTAL PRICE

card

EXP1R
66

Sjr.NATlWF

Circle No. 1

even better one. I think you will find that
the hard part will be keeping your hands
off the program. Any program can
always be made better, but there reaches
a point of no return.

You can and should expect to spend
many hours in this portion of the process.
This is the blood and guts portion, you
can't scrimp here and expect to be
successful.

At this point you need to bring your
documentation together. The best pro-
gram inthe world isn'tworth much ifthe
user can't figure out how to use it, or
understand what it's supposed to do.
From your documentation will come in-
formation for your instruction sheets,
advertising flyers and possibly a
magazine article. The best answer of
course is to make your program very in-
teractive. One learns quickly, however,
that print statements use up a lot of
memory. It is probably advisable to try
and write your program to run on a bare,
unexpanded machine. For the VIC this
only gives us about 3.5K to play with,
One answer to this problem is to write
two versions of the same program. One
can be a bare bones program, the other
with all the amenities additional memory
allows. You then offer the end user both
programs on one tape at no additional
cost. You make a lot of points here. You
give them the chance to have a nice pro-
gram that will run on their machine now,
and gets even better when they expand
their system.

MARKETING 101

Marketing your product may be one of
the most frustrating parts of this project.
How do you let people know what you
have without spending a fortune? Nearly
every hobby has a national magazine or
newsletter associated with it. Most hob-
bies have many of these publications and
usually offer space for advertisements in
a classified section. The rates for these
vary widely from probably 25 cents per
word to several dollars per word. Place
your ad or ads where they will most likely
be seen byyourintended audience. Keep
yourad brief, but appeal tothe interest of
your audience. For example, say you are
marketing a program to track star paths,
and you are placing the ad in an amateur
astronomy magazine. You might place
this ad:

Star Tracking Made Easy! Computer
program allows you to compute viewing
times using your VIC computer, $10.
SASE forfu rther details toJimGrubbs, PO
Box 3042, Springfield, Illinois 62708.

Or this one:

VIC-20 Software makes star tracking
easy, computes viewing times, S10com-

72ICOMMANDER • February 1984

plete. SASE for details Jim Grubbs, PO
Box 3042, Springfield, IL 62708.

The first ad is clear enough, and if you
were advertising in a magazine that was
aimed only at VIC users who are also
astronomers it would be great. But there
are probably many ads for tracking infor-
mation in the ads, some of them even for
computers, others for scientific calcula-
tors, some just printed charts. What
makes yours unique is that it is for a
VIC-20. That is who you want to attract,
readers who own VIC-20s. Regardless of
their interest in your program, if they
don't own the needed tools to use it, it
will be useless. Anyone with a VIC-20
though will continue reading, and even if
they weren't looking specifically for such
a program: may be interested to know
what is available.

Keeping in mind that we also want to
keep down the price, use abbreviations
where they will be clearly understood,
forget punctuation unless it's necessary,
and KISS, keep it simple stupid!

Now for the bad news-you have to do
all of this 45 to 120 days before you ex-
pect the ad to appear! This is part of the
frustration, but due to editorial and
printer's deadlines, you have to know
usually two tothree months before publi-
cation that you want to run the ad. There
is a good news and bad in this. The good

news is of course that it gives you an addi-
tional cushion to get your program ready
to go out the door. You must avoid the
temptation though to commit yourself to
advertising a product that is not in a
marketable form. Use the extra time to
sweeten it up a bit, perhaps make it look
a bit better, get your instructions printed,
buy shipping envelopes and so on, The
bad news is of course that you will drive
your friends crazy waiting for the day
your ad sees print.

PLEASE MR. POSTMAN

You are in print! You find this out after
searching through pages of classifieds
and not finding yours. You panic, they
didn't publish it, or it has become so
microscopically small no one can see it.
Calm down and look again. It isthere and
ready to do its job. You wonder how you
ever let me talk you into this. With
resignation to gloom you wait for the
mail carrier to bring at least one inquiry.
The best thing to do now is to take a vaca-
tion to Kitt Peak for the next few weeks,
but that is unlikely to happen. Remem-
ber, depending on where you live, you
may have gotten your magazine or news-
letter days or even weeks before others
do. This can be particularly true of publi-
cations printed on the East Coast with
readers on the West Coast.

Continued on page 115

TAXAID

TAX AID

FOR
COMMODORE 64

and VIC 20

TM

use Tax Aid to prepare

YOUR INCOME TAX RETURN

Developed by an experienced accounting firm, TaxAid is accurate, easy
to use, and comes with a detailed manual. Your tax data is permanently
stored on tape or disk. The cost is tax deductible and yearly updates are
available.

TaxAid 1

'Jnex eanded V i c ,' (1

$19.95

Prices above are fo

TaxAid n

ror
Vic ?0 with I6K

$24.95

- cassette; add S5,

TaxAid UI

For
Commodore 64

$24.95

) for disk version.

NORTHLAND ACCOUNTING, INC.

606 -D Second Ave.
^^ Two Harbors, MN 55616

(218) 834-5012

VSA'

Circle No. 21B

TAX AID

TAXAID

TAX AID

TAXAID IS A TRADEMARK OF NORTHLAND ACCOUNT 1 NG, I NC.

VIC 2D £ COMMODORE 6 it ARE TRADEMARKS OF COMMODORE ELEC TRON I C S , L TD .

zATHST/

A DAZZLING 3-D GAME
FORTHE5KVIC-20

(Joystick required)

iByAlanL. Keyserl

Looking for hours of enjoyment? First
type in this program, then immerse
yourself in a world of exciting sound, flow-
ing 3-D colors, and thrilling challenges to
your space-piloting skill. Remember, the
future of the universe depends on you!

HOW TO PLAY

Don't forget to plug in your joystick
before turning on the computer. After you
RUN the program, the screen lights up
with color and motion. As you hurtle
down a narrow channel in the massive

IB

PRINT''' Lcli-J- -

20

PUK£368?y , 8 ; PfJKfc3$

S7»^a-:;cu-0

30

P^8174-F?i«0:£IIMR?i

U, 2) :ffi£<U2>»l : fl f i

C0,2>«~1 :flK«S'-Rltf"

fi/.' : HERCM=4

40

PR I NT ■' •"' £ home- J [ aown

j 12 timesJLreaJLr

v/s~on3£sp, 8 times

3 Lshf-N J Crvs-ot'f j L

sPj 4 times j Lrvs-o

TiJCsnf-i'lJLSpj w ti

mes ] " ;

58

PRINi ' ' Lrvs-onJLiJh

tJLspj 7 times3£sh

f-NKredHsPHrvs-

off3£sP, 4 timesK

r vs-ori 3 £ sP 3 £ wh t j £ s

hf-ttjCsP, j times J

60

PRINT w Lrvs - on J CPU'

rlt'sP, 6 timeaJLsn

f-NKuht3Lspj£red3

EsPJCrws-off if. sP,

surface of the Deathstar, enemy ships will
appear over the horizon. You can either
manuever around them with the joystick,
or shoot with the fire button. You receive
points for each hit, but be careful to avoid
running into debris from the destroyed
enemy ships. Be especially alert for the
squad leader's ship, as it flies much faster
than the others.

PROGRAM NOTES

Here is a general outline of the program
structure:

Lines

Function

20-30

. . . Set Up Variables

40-230

. . . Set Up Screen

250-260

. . . Read in Ml. Routine

300-330

. . . Read Joystick

332-390

. . . Move Hero

400-450 ....

. . . Move Missl»

500-790

. . . Alien Movement

800-860....

. . . Hera has been hit

900-985

. . . Bonus Routine

1000-

. . . Main Control Routine

4 t l mes J L rvs-on jl
sP j LUjhtJLsP jLPur jl
shf-f1KsPj fa times

70 PRINT'' '"£ rvs-on 3 L re
djtspj o times JLsh
f -N 3 l P ur J £ sP 3 l wht 3
£sP3£reaj£snf-N3L
sP* 4 timesJLsht-M
3£wht3£sP3LPur3LsP
3CredJCsrif-f'i3LsP,

b times j' ■ /

The flowing colors are created by a
machine language subroutine that rapidly
alternates the red and white colors on the
screen. The data for this routine, contain-
ed in lines 5000-5020, are POKEd into
memory through lines 250-260. The
assembly language code is listed in the ac-
companying box. This routine is called by
SYS850 throughout the program, and
bareiy slows down the rest of the action.

Have a thrilling flight! — >

6/

80 Pk I N I ' ' l rvs-on 3 l wn
tJLsP, 4 tiiviesjCsri
f -M 3 L r eo 3 C sP 3 C P ur j
LsP3£wht3£snf-N3£
sP", fa" times3£shf-M
3LPurJ[sP3L"rea3£sP
HuhtHsnf-MJLsP,

4 tim&y'i

90 PR I NT ' ■' £ rvs-on 3 L P u
r3isP, 3 timesj£sri
f-N 3 [ wh t J L sp 3 L r eel j
lsP 3£Pur3Lsm-ruL
s.p, 6 ti mes 1 Cshf-fl
3 £ r ea j £ sp 3 £ wht J C sP
JLPurOLshf-f]3[£P,
3 times3'';
100 PR I N7 ' ' l rvs-on 3 C re
d3£sP, 2 timesjLsn
f-N J £ P ur 3 1. sp j C wnt j
£sP3L"rea3Csht-N3L
sP, 10 timesJLsnf-
hJ£whtj£sP3LPurjLs
P J£red3£shf-MJLSP,
2 times j ' ' ,

February 1984 • COMMANDERI73

110 PRINT'"Crv*~on3Cwht3[sP3Cshf
-N3 Cr*d3 CsP 3 CPur ] UP KwhtKft
hf-N3[sP, 12 timts3[shf-M3[P
nrl CsP3Cred3[sP3Cwht3Cshf-ri3
CsP 3"';

120 PRINT" Crvs-on3 CPur 3 Cshf-N3 C
wht 3 CsP 3 Cred3 CsP 3 CPur3 Cshf ~N
3CsP/ 14 times3[shf-M3Cr*d3C
sP3Cwht3Csp3CPur3Cshf-n3";

130 PRINT' ' Crvs-on3 CPur 3 CsP 3 Cwht
3CsP3Cred3Cshf-N3CsP, 16 tim
es 3 C shf -M 3 C wht 3 C sP 3 C P ur 3 C sP 3

";

140 FORI=8166TO8183:POKEI/160:PQ
KEI+3B720 J 1:NEXTI

1 42 POKES 1 65 , 206 : POKES 1 84 > 205 : PO
KE38S85/ 1 : POKE38904/ 1 : P0KE38
8S4/4:PQKE8164/160

1 44 POKE3S905 , 4 : POKES 185/160

150 PRINT"'[home3Crvs-on3Ewht3Cd
own3SC0RE: Crvs-off 3"'

160 PRINT" "Cdown3. CsP, 3 tim*s3.
CsP. 2 times3.CsP, 3 times3.
CsP/ 4 tim»s3.CsP3. CsP, 2 ti
mas3. '"J

170 PRINT" '[down, 2 timcs3LsP3.[
SP/ 2 times3. CsP3. CsP, 9 tim
es3.CsP3. CsP/ 2,times3."'J

230 P0KE8 1 74 , 24 1 : POKES 1 75 / 95 : POK
E8173/105

250 FORI=850TO897

260 RERDJ:POKEI/j:NEXTI

265 POKE36877/200

270 OOTO1000

300 PDKE37 139/0: PQKE37 1 54 , 1 27 ■ $7.
■PEEK<37137):SNa(S?iHND4)/4:S
S«CSJiflND8V8

305 SW« ( SXflND 1 6 ) / 1 6 ! F* < SJ4RND32 ) /
32

310 SX*PEEK<37152) :SE-CS5iflND128)

/128
320 P0KE37154/255'POKE37139/12S

330 IFSNO0THEN340

74/ COMMANDER • February 1984

332 IFPX-22<8041QRPEEK(P?i-21)«20
50RPEEK < PK-23 > "206THEN390

334 G0SUB375 : PJ>PH-22 • GOTO380

340 IFSSO0THEN350

342 IFPX+22>8182THEN390

344 GOSUB375:PH«Pa+22:GQTO380

350 IFSWO0THEN360

352 IFPEEK(P?i-2)-206THEN390
354 G0SUB375 : PX*P2-1 : GOTO380

360 I FSEO0ORP?<+2>8 1 830RPEEK C PX+
2)«205THEN390

362 IFPEEK<PZ+2>«205THEN390

364 G03UB375 : PK*P?i+l : GOTO380

375 POKEPH / 1 60 i POKEPX+ 1/160: POKE
PX-1/ 160: RETURN

380 I FPEEK C PV. ) ■ 1 270RPEEK < PX+ 1 > ■ 1
270RPEEK < PV." I )■! 27THENG0SUBB
00

382 I FPEEK C ?'/. ) *2 1 90RPEEK I PY.+ 1 ) «2
1 90RFEEK < PX- 1 5 =2 1 9T HENG0SUB8
00

384 IFPEEK<PZ)«2180RPEEKCPX+1 )«2
1 80RPEEK < PX- 1 > «2 1 8THENG0SUB8
00

386 I FPEEK ( PV. ) ■420RPEEK C PX+ 1 > -42
ORPEEK<P/i-l )»42THENGOSUB800

390 POKEPJi / 24 1 : POKEPX- 1 / 1 05 : POKE
PH+1,95

400 IFF*0RNDFX«0THEN408

401 SVS850

402 IFFO0RNDFX*0THEN450

404 GOTO410

408 FX-PH-22:P0KE36878il5:F0RZ»l
TO70 : NEXT ■ P0KE36878/ 8 i SVS850

409 IFPEEK<F5i)*127QRPEEKtF?!>*213
ORPEEK< PY. ) - 1 70THEN420

4 1 POKEFX / 1 60 : FX«FH-22 : I FFX<".B0 1
90RPEEK (. PV. ) "205ORPEEK C PY. > *20
6THENF?i«0!GOTO450

428 IFPEEK<FJO«1270RPEEKCF?O-219
THENE1X«PEEK<FJS) : GOSUB700 : GO

SUB770 i OOTO450

440 P0KEFJM38

450 RETURN

500 FORI-0TO1

505 GX*flXCI;0)

510 IFfiHa*l)-0THEN630

520 IFRX C I * 1 5 •90THEN6S0

530 IFRXU,1)«127THEN695

540 K*RNDC1>!V«RNDU)

545 POKEGK .160: POKEGX-22 .163

550 IFV>. 5THENGX«GX+22 : IF0JO8182
THENGtf=0 : W/X I j 1 )x0 : G0T061

560 IFX>. 5flNDPEEK<GH+2)O205THEN
GX-GJS+1

570 I FX< . 5HNEPEEK C GK-2 ? O206THEN
G2-GJS-1

580 IFPEEK<G?S>"2410RPEEK*Jtf)"«350
RPEEK<GZ>»105THENGOSUB800 ■ GO
TO610

590 I FPEEK < OX ) - 1 58THENGOSUB700 s G
OTO610

600 P0KEG?£j219iP0KEG?i-22/218
610 flXCI*0>«GX

615 SVS850

617 GOSUB380

620 NEXT I

630 RETURN

650 R2CIjl)*90:fl?«I,0)*7398

660 PGKEfi»(I/0>>fl?4CIjl)

670 GOTO620

688 POKEG7i,32:GK«8043:pOKEG?i,219
!P0KEG#~22*218-JF1X«,I)«219

690 GOTO610

635 POKEGH , 1 60 : GX«GX+HX C I j 2 > +22 :
IFGX>8184THENHJiCI , 1 >«0 : G0TD6
10

696 I FPEEK < GX ) ■ 1 4 1 ORPEEK C GTS ? -930
RPEEK(GX>«105THENGOSUB800 : DO
TO610

697 POKEG!M27:GOTO610

699 GOTO610

700 POKE36878,15:FORZ=1TO80:NEXT
Z

702 IFE 12*21 9THENSCO-SCO+30

704 IFE1K*127THENSCQ=*SC0+18

710 PRINT" Ch6mtKddWW3CUht3 >/ ;T
RBC6)JSC0

730 P0KE36878/8

733 fllX«fllZ-l!lFRlX"0THEN900

740 I FE 1 Z*2 1 9THENE 1 %m 1 27 1 RETURN

750 IFEl?i"127THENElXa0: RETURN

760 RETURN

7?Q S VS850 ! FORP*0TO 1 : IFRJiC P/ 0? -F
JiTHENfl?i<P,l>«ElJi

780 NEXTP I IFFJi>0THENPQKEF/i; 160 : P
OKEF^-22 J 160:F?i=0

790 RETURN

800 HERDX«HER0X-1 : POKEPX/ 160 : POK
EPX- 1 t\ 60 : POKEPJS+ 1,160

805 POKE36878/10

310 F0RD»8T0255:P0KE36879,D

830 P0KE36877, 260-D

840 HEXTD

850 P0KE36879 , 8 : P0KE36877 , 298 : PO
KE36878, 8 = PX=8173 i IFHEROZ=0T
HENPRINT' ' [clr]SCORE="SC : GO
TO2080

860 RETURN

900 PRINT" thomaHdowri/ 6 times]
CriQht, 9 tiM*s]tyel]BONUS:"

February 1984 • COMMANDERI75

Circle No. 154

The Banner Machine

For the Commodore 44 (4 extra fonts available).
For the VIC-20 with 24K memory (3 extra fonts
available;. • Use on any Gemini or Epson MX with
Graftrax or the FX and RX printers. Also Commo-
dore 1525E and Banana with the C-64. ■ Menu-
driven program operates like a word processor. ■
Makes signs up to 13" tall by any length • Makes
borders of widths up to W". • S sizes ol letters
from M" to 8" high. « Proportional spacing. Auto-
matic centering. Right and left justifying. • S49.95
Tape or Disk (Specify computer equipment)

For the Commodore 64:

Space Raider An amazing arcade simulation, your
mission is to destroy the enemy ships. S19.95
Super Roller Challenging dice game, 5pnte graph-
ics and sound Yahtzee-style rules of play 514.95
Microbroker Exciting, realistic and educational
stock market simulation. 534.95 Tape or Disk
Preschool Educational Program! ABC Fun; 1 53 Fun;
and Ginger the Cat with Addition and Subtraction,
Number Hunt, and Letter Hunt. All programs have
bright color, music, and action. Each SI 4.95
Formulator A scientific calculator for tasks which
require repetitive arithmetic computations. Save
formulas and numeric expressions. S39.95
Sprite Editor The easy way to create, copy, alter,
and save up to 224 sprite shapes. S24.95
Cron Reference Generator for BASIC programs
Locates lines with BASIC words or variable names
and allows changes, and more. $19.95
VIC-20 Programs Also Available. Ask for Catalog.

Cardinal Software

=*

Virginia Mirrro Systems
1364.6 left Davis Highway
Woodbndge, Virginia 22191
Phone (703) 491-6502

910

PRINT" [home] [down, 8 times]

";TABa0)J"[»eU1000"

920

POKE8020, 42^0=8020

930

OOSUB308

933

I FPEEK < FJS+22 > "42DRPEEK < FX+44

)"42THENSCO*SCQ+1000 ■ QQSUB70

0=OOTO9?5

940

IFPEEK<Q+22)«158THENSC0«SC0+

1000:GOTO980

945

IFQ+22>8182THENP0KEQ, 160 i Q«0

;GOTO980

950

I FPEEK C Q+22 ) »24 1 ORPEEK ( Q+22 >

■105ORPEEK<Q+22>«95THENGDSUB

800 : G0T0975

960

POKEQ+22 i 42 1 POKEQ , 1 60 ! Q*Q+22

970

GOTO930

975

POKEQ > 160

980

PRINT" [homeHdown, 6 times]

[ri9ht, 3 times] [sP, 6 time

s]": PRINT" [home] [down, 8t

imes]";TRB(10)J"[sP J 4 tim

es3"

Open your mind

Personalty

Reveal secrets of the mind.
Use your Commodore 64 system to
analyze yourself, your spouse, your
date, relatives and friends. Discover
your personality type, career
potential, behavior tendencies,
values, and the people with whom you
will be most compatible. This program
requires the use of a "joystick".
Price $32.95 Disk ($27.95 Cassette).

"BHypnotist

o;

f '->0>.

Behavior Modification.
Use your Commodore 64 system to
change your behavior patterns
through computer hypnosis. Discover
how to communicate with yourself, on
a conscious and subconscious level.
Program your own post-hypnotic
suggestions. The PSI Biofeedback
Device is included with this program.
Price S87.95 Disk (S79.95 Cassette).

Get this software [ -■
at your local dealer ■;.
or order direct from: ::?

cnCTMDc 2118 Forest Lake Drive

OUr I WAHh Cincinnati. Ohio 45244 USA

INTERNATIONAL Telephone: 513 474-2188

TELEPHONE LINES OPEN 7 DAYS A WEEK, 24 HOURS A DAY

PHP

; Store Registers

PHA

TXA

PHA

TYA

PHA

LDX #$08

; Start Routine

LDA S97.X

AND #$0F

; What Color is it?

CMP #$B2

; Red?

BEG. $09

CMP #$01

; White

BEQ $0A

LDA #$01

; Change Colors

JMP $0373

LDA #04

JMP $0373

LDA #$02

STA $97,X

INX

CPX #3FA

; Done, No then Return

BNE $DF

PLA

; Restore Registers

TAY

PLA

TAX

PLA

PLP

RTS

76ICOMMANDER • February 1984

935 ffi>RX+i:RlKBRZ: RETURN

1030 SYS850

1010 GOSUE300

1020 SVS850

1030 DDSUB5S0

1040 GOTO 1000

2000 POKE36873,0:ENU

5000 DRTRS, 72, 138. 72. 152, 72; 162. 8
.139,0.151/41,15/201,2,240,9
,201,1

5010 DATR240, 10, 169, 1,76, 115,3, 16
9,4,76,115,3.169,2,157.0,151
,232

5020

DRTR224 , 250 , 208 , 223 , 1 04 , 1 68 ,
104,170,104,40,36

m

1 €lAPII€

P. O. Box 99715

Tacoma, WA 98499

(206) 845-5903

Dealer Inquiries Inyited

"SUPER SLOT"

Vegas action in your own living room. Start
with 100 coins and work your way into riches (if
you can). Great color, graphics, sound and
Vegas action in this -an exciting game for your
"64",

$U.9S cassette; $18.95 disk

"CAVERNS OF DOOM"

Explore the vast rooms, passages and mazes
in this exciting adventure game. Trying to col-
lect all of the treasures that you can, and travel
through all 183 rooms to complete your venture.
$24.95 cassette; $28.95 disk

T be Best C/64 Software Tour Monet Can But!

Circle No. 160

February 1984 • COMMANDERI77

Connect-4 for C-64

pfll^^

lt!llt!

■.■

s

-TT-'

GftHES WH

SftltCS HOH
6

g

i—i^— ■■■■■■■■■■» By Marfc Da/7y!

In this two-player game for the C-64,
your goal is to get four tokens in a row
(any direction) before your opponent
does. Instructions will appear on the
screen. Have fun!

1 PQKE33280>0:pQKES3
281 ,12 : PRINT" Ecom

-43"

2 RESTORE sGOSUB850:C

LR

8 KV"198:W»0

9 CR*54272

10 INPUT" Eclr3INPUTE
sP]NHMECsP30FCsP3P

LfiVEREsP3GNEEsP3"

11 IFLEN<R*»9THEN10

20 INPUT" Cclr 3 INPUT C
sP3NHntLsP30FEsP3P
LflVERE»P3TWaC»P3"

21 IFI_EN<B*»9THEN2W

25 F0RV=1T08:REBJJ£CV>
:NEXT

26 DflTH2,80,78,S2j-2*
-88^-78,-82

27 W»11S6:Q«1210:V=80
; P=»32 : 0*2 : U"64

30 N**"Edowri] Cleft,
4 tirries3Ervs-on3riU
VEErvs-off 3' ' • M=lkJ
J PRINT" Ehome3Cclr
3Edouri, 2 times J"

51 W*="Edoum, 5 time
s3Crvs-cm3 WINNER"
:C1-81 :C2*87:K»12&

54 PRINTSPCXFO"EsP3E

corn-US, 17 times3Es
P3"

53 PRINTSPC<fl>"Ecom-
MHsPj 17 times.] Ce

om-G3"

80 PRINTSPCCH>"Ecom-
M3 com-ft3CsP3Ecom-
R3EsP3Ecom-R3£sP3E
com-R3EsP3Ecom-R3E
sP 3 E corn-R 3 E sP 3 E com
-R3EsP3Ecorr.-R3EsP3
Ecom-£3EcQrri-G3'' '

65 PRINTSPC<fl)"Ecom-
M3CsHf— 3: Eshf— 3 =
Eahf— 3 : Eshf— J ; ts
hf — 3 =£shf — 3: Eshf
~3 = C»hf — 3 = Eshf —
3Ecom~G3"

70 PRINTSPC<Ftt"Ecom-
M3Ccom-Q3Eshf-#3Ea
hf-t3Eshf-*3Eshf-t
3Cshf-*3Cshf-+3E£h

f-*3Eshf-+3Cshf-*3

Eshf-+3Cshf-*3Esh

f-+3Eshf-*3Eshf-t3

Cfthf-*3Ccom-W3Eco

m-Q3";2»2+i:iF2<7

THEN65

75 PRINTSFCtH;"Ecofn-
M 3 Eshf— 3: Eshf— 3:
Eshf— 3 = Eshf— 3: Es
hf— 3: Eshf— 3 : Eshf
— 3 : Eshf— 3 ! Eshf—
3Ecom-G3"

80 PRINTSPC(H>"Ecom-
M3 E com-2 3 Eshf-* 3 Ec
om-E 3 E shf -* 3 E corn-E
3Cshf-*3Ecom-E3Lsh
f-*3Ecom-E3Cshf-#3
C corn-E 3 E shf -* 3 E co
m-E3Eshf-*3Ecom-E]
Cshf-*3Ecom-X3Cco
m-G3"

81 PRINTSPC(H>"EsP3C
com-V, 17 times 3"
;Z a

83 GOSUB680 SPRINT" Eh
ome3"H«: PRINT" Cu
P3"SPCC30JB*;t-UKM
■ 1T0U

86 FORCX-WtVTGU+VSTEP
D: IFPEEK(CX)"C1DRP
EEK(CX)-C2THENPQK£

87 NEXT;IFrVO»INT<rVU
>THEN91

90 GQT092

91 GGSUB700 : U«C2 = GOSU
B8i0:GDTO93

92 OOSUB700:D»C 1=0080

B&00

93 IFB«C2THENIl9w0;OUT
095

34 B9*l

95 B1*«W+54272:B=W:P0K
EB,DrPOKEKV,W;POK

EB1/D9

96 M*«"":GETM*:IFMS
*CHR*C13)THEN300

7&IC0MMANDER • February 1984

37 IFM$*CHR*;CS2)TM£N150

98 IFM$=CHR$C54)THEN200
100 GGTG96

150 P0KEB1 , Ii9 ■ POKEB, P : IFB-0<WTHE
NBstfl ; B 1 bCR+Q : OQTO160

155 B=B-G:Bl«iil-G

160 POKEB 1 j D9 ■ PQKEB,D : IFPEEKCB+V
/Q);>PGOTO150

165 GGTG96

200 POKEB 1 , D9 ■■ POK.EB , P : I FB+OQTHE
NE-W:B1-CR+W:GOTO210

205 B=B+0:Bl-Bl+0

2 1 POKEB 1 , B9 : POKEB , H : I FPEEK (. B+ V
/G>>P6Q]"Q200

215 GQT096

300 IFPEEK<B+V)=ClGRPEEKCBtV>=C2
THEN96

305 PGKEB,P:B=B+V:Bl=Bl+V:pGH^;=l
TO? : 1 1- PEEK ( B+V ) =G 1 GRPEEK C B+ V
>=C2THEN365

310 B=B+V:B1=B1+V:HEXTX

365 POKEB ^ B '• POKEB1 1 B9 : FGKY-1TG8 :
H=ECV>:G=PEEKC.B>

370 I FG-PEEK ( B+N > flNBG=PEEK C Bt < G*
N ) > PN'DG-PEEK < B-N > THEH400

3? 1 I FG=PEEK C B-N ) HNBG=PtEK ( B- t G*
HJ>ftNDGsPEEKtB+N;THEN4i0

335 NEXT V : FGRV= 1 TGS : N=E ( V > : FORJ=
1T03: IFG=PEEK(B+CJ#H>)THEHRG
=1 :G0T0387

386 RG*0MFPEEK<B;OPEEKCB-CJ*N)

)THEH395

387 NEXT J : GOTO420

395 HEXTY,R:GG1G830

400 I=B: I1=B+H: I2=B+(G*H> ! I3=B-H
: GOT 0600

410 I=B'-Il=BtH:i2=B-(0'#HJ : I3"B-N
! GGTG600

bet

C-64 VIC 20 ATARI

CHILD

DEVELOPMENT

SERIES

' AAA*

AA\AA\

r

AAA 1 .

-3

.AAAA

4,

4

2389
81 3

7167
2389

19112

1942257

ADD/SUB — $16.95

Displays single or multiple
digits with or without
pictures, borrows, carries,
scoring, and feedback.

NUMER-BECi— $16.95

Number recognition,
object counting, object
grouping, and
number/size/shape
discrimination.

ALPHA-BECi — $16.95

Twenty-six screens with
letters/pictures/labels
'built' on the screen.
(VIC-20 only)

MULT-BECi — $16.95

Multiplication program
with up to four digits in
multiplicand and three
digits in multiplier.

All programs feature numerals and letters in
extra large format on the screen and are
available on cassette tapes from your dealer or
directly from BECi.

Add 5% or a $2.00 minimum for postage and
handling.

Write for a free brochure!

BOSTON EDUCATIONAL COMPUTING, INC.

78 Dartmouth Street

Department C

Boston, MA 02116

(617) 536-5116

Dealer Inquiries Invited

February 1984 • COMMANDERI79

429 I FRG*8THEN I =B = 1 1 «B-N : 1 2-B- ■;
0*N) : I3=B-<3*NJ ^GU 10600

439 I=B = 1 1=B+N : I2=B.+tQ*N) = I3«B+
C3*H; :GOTQ600

660 IFD-C1THENPRINT8PEX3JN* = GU !
0630

610 PRINTSPC<a&)SW

630 1FD=C 1 1 HENU 1 =14 i + 1

631 IFD=C2THENW2=i«i2+l

632 GQSUE680

633 PRINT'' ■'thorn*] [ri9ht. 10 tim
es][com-@, 19 times]"

635 PQKEE-V/G, U : PRINT ' ' [home] [d
ownHri9htj 10 timesJErvs-o
rilt&Pi 2 feimea3PLRV£sP3flGfli
NCV/N)";

GETG$ : Ii-G$=' ' ' '" I HENGUSuBb50
: 00 T 064tf

IFG$*' '"V ' THEN2/

640

645

646 PRlNTCHRf C1473! =CLR : END

650 PR INT "EsP 3? [left, 2 times]
"; :GGSUBS20:pRINT"?[sP3L
left, 2 times]' 'J : UOSUB820

655 IFR~l=UTriENRETURN

66& POKE I , D+K : POKE 1 1 , L+K : POKE 12
j D+K : POKE 1 3 , D+K : h ORG ?"» 1 T 015
: NEXT

665 POKE I , D : POKE 1 1 j H : PGKEI2; D ; P
QKEI3,B

666 FGRG?= 1 1 075 : NEXT : RE T URN
680

681

683
685

PRINT" [home] [rjoun, 15 time
s3[ri9ht3' "

PR I NT '' ■"' E SP t 9 t i mes J ' ■" SP C -:. 2
) ■' ■' L sP , 9 tA mes j ' ' : PR 1 m I ' "
[£p, 2 times J-" : PRINT' "lupj
"SPC>:.29;>"'lsp, :.-; times J"

PR I N i " ■' l home j l down .. 15 ti me
sjLri9htJ ' ' ;

PR i NT - ' GHMEb" EsP 3 ImON ' " 8P0 C 1 J

> ' ' GAMES E sP 3 WON E down j " : PR i
NT " ■' t sP , 3 t imes 3 " Wl : PR INI

■'■"Cup] - ' SPG (. 3 1 ) w2 : RET URN

700 PRINT" [home H down, 2 times
][sP/ 3« times]"

750 PRINTSFCCU-I)" LSP, < times
j' ' : PRINT' ' LUPJ- 'SPCtp;- ' LS
Pi 4 timesJLu.p, o tames3" :

RETURN

800 PR1NTSPC(6)N*:RETURN

810 PRINTSPCXP+45N*: RETURN

8^0 F0RFV*iT0175 : NEXT : RETuRN

830 PRINT-" [home j l down, 2 times
3Eri9ht, ID timesJLcom-W, y
times J' ■

834 PRINT' '[home] [down, 6 times
JEri9ht, 15 -cimesJLrvs-onJ i
iELsP, 2 tiroesToRKEthvs-off
3 " = UGT0633

850 PR i NT - •' C c L r j E down , 1 3 1 1 mes
] [ r i 9h t , i 3 t i mes j GONNEC i L s
P 3 FOUR"

85 1 PR i NT " L> i 9ht , 13 t i mes j l co
m-V , 7 t i mes 3 [ sP J L com-V , 4
times J' '

853 FORR^l TGI 000: NEXT

859 PR I N r - ' L C L r J JJO L SP j Y UG i SP j NE
EU L sP J l NS i RUG I i UNS L SP j (. V/M )
EsP J' ' ' j

860 GETR$ : iFR$='' ' " ' T HENGO3OB650
: GGTU860

870 I FR$- - •' V - •' THENPOKE 1 98 , : GO I
0900

880 PGKE198,0: RETURN

900 PRINT"'[clr]WELCGnELsPJfOLs
P3UGNNECILSP, d timesJI-UUR- '

910 PRINT" [downJLrisht, 13 tim
esJ[uP3t Lett, i times] Lcom-
V, 7 timesJisP, 2 timesjtco
m-V, 4 times] [left, 14 time
s3 [ down 3fl EsP j TWO CsP] PLHVtRL
SP3GHME' "

920 PRINT" [aown, 2 times.] THEls

P]GBJEGTEsPjGFlsP jTHtLSP JGH
MEEsP]iSLsP]TQ[sP]GEl LSP Jh-U
UR"

&0ICOMMANDER • February 1984

930 PK I NT ' ' Dh l SP J YOUR L SP j P I E CEb
LSP JiNLsP jHLsp 3ROWj LSP JR I ts
PJTHECftP]'"'

949 PRIHT'-SHtlELsPJTIfiECsPlPREV
ENT I NG £sP j VOUR [SP] OPPONENT L
£p] FRUIT'

950 PRINT"UOINGi:s.PjrHEC£PJSHr1E

960 PRINT'^WHENllSPJVUUCsP/ <L tl
[ties 3 DROP L SP J VOOR [ SP J P I EOE L s
p 3 n lisp jfhllsup 31 OEsP ] ' '

970 PRINT'-'THEtsPJiJOTlOhCsPJOKL
SP J THE L sP J BOARD C sP ] OR L SP ] ON
LsPJTOPCsPlOF^''

9SS PRINT"' ANOTHER [ sP ] P I ECE . L sP
] VOUEsP JCHNNO I CsP J RETAKE LsP
3"

990 PRINI-'ALsPjnOVELSPJORLSPjC
HflNOELsPj PIECES.""

991 PR I NT "C down, 2 timesJhiTLs
P Hrvs-oruRE fURNCrvs-of t J is
P J TO LSP J CONTINUE''

992 GETF$ : 1 FFS «CHR* <. 1 3 ) THEN995

993 G0T0992

995 PRINT" CclrJTDCsPJMOVELsPJY
OUCsP 30SEESP J THE [ SP ] FOLLOW 1

NG"

1000 PRINT"CdownJ#4[sP]KEVLsPjl'
O[£p]M0VEi:sPJLEFT"

1010 PRINT"[dou-n]#6i:sPJKt:VL£PJ!
OtsP JflOVtLsPDRiGMl ' '

1020 PR INI ' ' LdounJLrvs-on] RETURN
C r vs-of f ' J E sP 3 KE Y L SP J TO l SP J P
LACE CsP ] VOUR CsPJPIECE' -

1030 PR I NT "E down , 2 timesJIHtts
P JGHHELsP J iSLSP JOVcRCsP JMJHh
N I sP J ONE C SP J PERSON L SP J GET 3 ' '

1040 PR I NT" FOUR CsP ] INCSP JMCsP JR
CM [ SP 1 fc 1 THtK L SP J UP-UO WN > ' '

1 050 PRINT'" ■' LEF 1 -R 1 OHT > t SP J OR C sP
] DIAGONALLY."'

I860 PRINT' ' IFCftP iBOTHCsP ]OFCsP 3
YOU[sP]FAlLtsP3INi:sP3DOING
CsP]SOCsP]AND£sPJHLL' '

1 070 PR I NT " MO VES [ sP ] ARE [ SP j FAKE
N[SP 3 THE LSP JGAflELsP J ENDS LsP
3IN[sP3ALsP3TIE"

1080 PRINT" [down/ 2 times jril i ts
P j L r vs-cm 3 RETURN L r vs-o+'f j L s
P3TOLSPJBEUIN"

1090 GETF$: IFFf=CHR*C13>THENRETU
RN

1093 GOTO 1090

ra

"ETT64

Electronic Typing Teacher for the COMMODORE 64 Personal Compute?

KEYBOARD INTRODUCTION - Meet ETTA'S Video Keyboard

1) Your Electronic Keyooard lets you practice with all keys Labeled At you
watch the screen you become accustom to where each key i* tayed out on the
Commodore 64 computer keyboard.

E1NGER EXERCISES

Type Without Watching the Keys

ynu while you learn

Z) ETTWS Video Keyboard with -VISUAL CUES" guii
to type without watching your fingers!

3) ETT64 keeps score end times your You quickly tee that you are improving
with practice)

ETT64 TALK

Fun Sentences For Practice

4) Over 1000 variations — Chosen because they include every letter In the
alphabet. A fresh set every time you run ETT64.

TEST YOURSELF;

CREATE YOUR OWN EXERCISES

Type Your Own Practice Seta

Then „,,Ti&st your self

5) ALSO you can save your exercises on tape / disk

RUN YOUR EXERCISES

Self-Test for Self Improvement

6) Practice your own exercises- or those provided. Optinna Include typing
each line once — to improve accuracy, or typing each line more that once —
to improve speed.

TAPE VERSION $24.95 / DISK VERSION..,. $29. 9 5 / Shipping $3.00

Disk version comes with 64 prewritten data file*

SCHOOLS CAN SAVE upto 50% per order - WrUe for detail*

Recommended for Grades 1 thru College.

Recommended for Grades 1 thru College. r-

Knight Writer Software k^

VST

P O BOX GSB WESTLAND MICHIGAN *81SG
Phono (313) 72B-0916
SEND YOUR NAME IN FOR OUR MAILING LIST AND WE WILL SEND YOU *
(FREE MACHINE LANGUAGE MERGE PROGRAM FOR YOUR COMMODORE 64,

TH15 SPECiAL-OFFER EXPIRES JAN 19B4

Circle No 169

February 1984 • COMMANDER1B1

Enjoy the card game of Bridge by
yourself — yourcomputerwill play
the other hands.

• Easy to learn — illegal bids and
plays prevented

• Cards dealt randomly — millions of
different hands

• Fast machine language speed

• 2-player game options

• Complete Contract Bridge scoring

• Bidding "help" feature for beginners
■ Save the score and continue later

• May repeat hands, if desired

• Option to receive the best hand

• Play "duplicate" with a friend

• Demonstration feature plays all
4 hands

Available for Commodore 64*
— Diskette $35

California residents add 6.5% tax

Computer Management Corporation

2424 Exbourne Court
DrdeNo 2i7 Walnut Creek, CA 94596

SAIL YOUR COMMODORE
INTO NEW HORIZONS

Bask AM

• Programmers support tool

• Renumber all or part of a program

• Cross reference any BASIC program

• Produces automatic back-ups

• Renumbers all or part of a program

■ Merges

■ Extracts

• Finds and replaces
•One disk

low price $29.95

KoaUPad

Simply stated, the best new accessory
made for the 64. 1 1 Is a full graphics tablet
which can be user programmed! Also
opens many new applications, art and
music possibilities, includes the fantastic
koala painter program on disk!
price $75.00

Allen Croup Voice Box

just plug it in: Totally programmable from
BASIC or use m.l. routines from disk which
are included with demo. It has so much
control it singsl
price S85.00

The Sm*rt — 64 TemtiMi

Exploits every feature of your C-64! Go on

line to public databases or university

mainframes. Has user defined keys auto

answer auto diai for 1 650 modem, full file

type conversions, unlimited download

buffer and easy upload rou tines. The very

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price 539.95

Codewrtter

Why write subroutines or data bases? The
most fantastic item we've seen! A program
that writes programs. All you do is design
the screen you want by being prompted.
The parameters codewriter will then write
the sweetest stand along BAS IC database
you've ever experienced: All customized
toyoumeeds. Get this one!
price $99,95

The Best Available For The

Sysres

1 he ultimate programming aid. Extended
dos support plus extended editor which
add 3 3 new BASIC commands. True
program merge (overiay) file commands
work from d irectory. Edi t text and
assembler source with out leaving BASIC!
Over 700 find change commands list any
file type from BASIC. Has auto numbe ring-
Has m I . monitors on board, 3 trace
modes: Much, much more included
price $78 00

In addition to the most powerful collection
of programmers aids and tools to be found
anywhere, SAIL also carries a full line of
games, books, business applications and
hard to find peripherals. Call or write for our
64 catalog. SAIL gives fast service quality
and support.

Shipping will be added to all orders.
We accept mastercard, visa or ship
c.o.d. — Call or write!

Cse>4

SOFTWARE

SAIL iOFTWARi

532 Main St.

PO Box 2405

Branford. Ct. 06405

phone (203) 468-7414

or evenings (2031 481-723'i.

821 COMMANDER • February 1984

Circle No. 144

"Portable"

Screen Control Symbols

\&y Noel Nyman*

The Commodore special graphics com-
mands provide an easy way to move the
cursor and change screen format. How-
ever, a hard-copy listing of your program
may be difficult to interpret by some
one else. For example, the Commodore
"clear screen" command is PRINT
"[SHIF-CLR/HOME]" which appears on
the screen as a reverse heart. If you have a
Commodore printer, it will print a reverse
heart, although the character may be hard
to read if you don't have a new ribbon. If
you have another brand of printer, it prob-
ably won't print the Commodore symbol.
Some intelligent interfaces will print a
special code, but someone reading your
listing must know what the special codes
mean. My printer/interface will "lock up"
and refuse to print anything when it finds
a reverse heart in the program!

To make your program more readable
to others, you can avoid the special
graphics characters and use their CHR$
equivalents. The shifted CLR/HOME key is
ASCII code 147, and the command PRINT
CHR$ (147) will clear the screen. But this
requires typing six more characters each
time.

You can keepyourtyping to a minimum
and still use the CHR$ codes by using the
program shown in Listing 1 to start each
program you write. Type in the program
and SAVE it using the name "FORMAT." (If
using a VIC-20, follow note in line 51.)
Then, before you start to write a new pro-
gram, LOAD FORMAT. Begin your new
program with line 1 00. The FORMAT pro-
gram assigns string names to all the
special format commands and color
changecodes.

The balance of the program defines a
series of two character strings for cursor
control and screen formatting. These
string names are grouped by function in
Table 1 and listed alphabetically in Table 2
to avoid duplication. The two character
strings can save a lot of memory space

LISTING 1

59 PQKE53231 > 1 : PGKE532
60 > 1 :pOKE646,0

51 REM***ruR THE VIC-
20 THE PREVIOUS LI
HE SHOULD PEHiT. 50
P0KE36879,25

60 CS**CHR*C147;:CM$«
CHR$tl9):RV$*UHR*<
18):R0taCHK*(i46;:
CT$«CHR*<20)

61 CI$»CHR*U4«) :CU»-
CHR$C145) JCD*«LHR*
(17) :CR*"CHR$<29) :
CL*-CHRSOo7>

62 UC*=CHR*Ci42>:LC*«
CHR*(14;:SP«*CHR$C
32)

63 WH$«CHR*(5) :RDf*CH
R$t28) :GR*«UHR$(3B
) :BL*"CHRS(31) ; BK*
=CHR$(144)

64 PRt««ChR*USb):VL$«
CHR$(158):CVS=«CMR»

a 59)

65 D2**CDS+CD* = D4*=D2

$+D2$ : £16?=JJ4*+JU2* ;

D8$«IJ4#+B4$

66 U2$»CU«+CU* : U4i»U2
$+U2*:U6$*U4$+U2$:
UB3«U4*+U4$

67 S1$*"L'&P, 10 time
SJ" :S2*«"CftP* 20

times]' ' :REM 10 H
ND 20 SPRCES

when used for cursor control. For exam-
ple, to clear the screen and move the cur-
sor down 16 lines normally requires 21
characters. Using FORMAT, you can do it
with 14.

To illustrate some of the ways you can
use FORMAT, type in program Listing 2.
Don't forget to load FORMAT first. Once
you've experimented with FORMAT,
you'll find it's an easy way to save some
program writing time and make your pro-
grams more "portable" to non-Com-
modore printers and other program users
as well.

RIDDLE OF THE MONTH

What word processing system has all of
these features?

- Complete portability

- Built-in, after-printing correction
system

- Immediate printout

- Hi-res graphic capability

- Can use nearly any type of paper

- Unlimited variety of printing styles

- Black-and-white or color versions
available

- Self-contained power supply (no
power cord or batteries ever needed)

- Extremely inexpensive

Answer:

|puad e

February 1984 • COMMANDER IB3

LISTING 2

100 PRINT CS* JSP* J RVS;
"THISEftPHSIflPlHt

ftPjriEHiiER'"

110 PRINT D8*;"YQUlsP
3CHN[sPJUSE[sPJRls
P]2-STRlrJG";

120 PRINT SPtJ^COMMflN
DUPjTOlsPjGETUP;
3 tirnesjHEriE'"

130 PRINT B2SJSPi;SP*i
''VOUCapjCHNTsPJOv
£RWKlTciCsP]HLfip]S7
HrEttENlLsPJEftSILY-

135 PRINT SPS; ' 'PUR L*P
J EXHALE t "

140 PRINT CJJ*JSP*J "PR
E3StfiPjHCsP3KcV"

TABLE

1

CONTROL STRING NAMES

Curso

Commands

Color Commands

CDS ■

Cursor Down

BKS

- Blac< Characters

CL$ ■

Cursor Left

BL$

■ Blue Characters

CMS ■

Cursor Home

CYS

• Cyan Characters

CRS ■

Cursor Right

GRS

- Green Characters

CUS ■

Cursor Up

PRS

- Purple Characters

D2S -

Two Cursor Down Commands

RDS

■ Red Characters

D4$ -

Four Cursor Down Commands

WHS

- White Characters

D6S ■

Six Cursor Down Commands

YLS

• Yellow Characters

D8S -

Eight Cursor Down Commands

U2$ -

Two Cursor Up Commands

Line

Controls

U4S •

Four Cursor Up Commands

CIS

■ Insert

U6S -

Six Cursor Up Commands

CTS

- Delete

U8S -

Eight Cursor Up Commands

S1$

■ Ten Blank Spaces

S2S

• Twenty Blank Spaces

SPS

- One Blank Space

Screen Commands

CSS -

Clear Screen

LCS -

Switch to Lower Case

ROS ■

Reverse Off

RVS -

Reverse On

UCS -

Switch to Upper Case

TABLE 2

CONTROL STRING NAMES IN AL

PHA ORG

ER

BKS

- Black Characters

ON

- Basic Command

BLS

- Blue Characters

PRS

- Purple Characteis

CDS

■ Cursor Down

RDS

- Red Characters

CIS

■ Insert

RDS

- Reverse Oft

CLS

- Cursor Left

RVS

- Reverse On

CMS

- Cursor Home

S1S

- Ten Blank Spaces

CRS

• Cursor Right

S2S

■ Twenty Blank Spaces

CSS

- Dear Screen

SPS

• One Blank Space

CTS

- Delete

ST

■ Commodore Reserved Word

CUS

- Cursor Up

Tl

■ Commodore Reserved Word

CYS

- Cyan Characters

TIS

■ Commodore Reserved Word

D2$

- Two Cursor Down Commands

TO

■ Basic Command

D4$

- Four Cursor Down Commands

U2S

■ Two Cursor Up Commands

D6S

- Six Cursor Down Commands

U4S

- Four Cursor Up Commands

D8S

- Eight Cursor Down Commands

U65

- Six Cursor Up Commands

IF

■ Basic Command

U8$

- Eight Cursor Up Commands

FN

- Basic Command

UCS

- Switch To Upper Case

GRS

■ Green Characters

WHS

• White Characters

LCS

- Switch To Lower Case

YLS

• Yellow Characters

OR

• Basic Command

iS0 GET Hi- It Ha?*""
GOTO 150

160 PRINT CU*;SP*J"¥Q

LJ£*PJTYCErjL6Pj". J fl
SiS2£

170 PRINT U2*JRV$;"Pi<
ESSUPjfiNYLsPUKtYl
£p]TOCaP]UQL4PJON' : '

180 GET ft*: II- fi*=" "
GOTO 1B0

130 PKiNT CbSJSP*J"LG
LOR^:fip]CriRNlJES / ■'

200 PRINT II4*;BLSJ " BL-
UE CaP JChftRRCTERS' '

210 PRINT CY^'-XYHNLS
P3CHBRflCTERfi''

220 PRINT GrtSi " GREEn C
sPJChMKHLTtRS"

230 PRINT PR*; "PbKPLc
LspJChHRNCTtrtS"

240
250
252 GQSUB cjtftf

PRINT kii*; "RcM&P
JCriftKHCltRb"

if^KiHi" yl*; - '' rti_ajw

EspTCHhrtHUlEKS"

260 PRINT Bks ;ui*;lia*;

D4*J"Y0U[£P]GftNLft
PJUSELsPJTHE"

263 PRINT '"hGMEiflPjC
URSQR ' £ aP ] CGtti'lHNU *

270 PRINT "TDLtaPJLErtV

EL'spjsariELspjiEM'i;

ftPDIN"

273 PRINT "PLftCtT.aPJW
NILEUPJCrtftNUiNLJ:'

230 PKlNi "GTrtERLSPJS
CREEhLSP JHKfcHS"

285 GGSGB 500 : UUSUB 50

2bU PRINT Q'l*JD8*,']jb-*J

LE"' iOQbUB 500

SAICOMMANDER • February 1984

300 PRINT CM*;DfcJf J UBS ;
P3CHfihOEL»Pj";DQS

310 PRINT CMfcJDbSFJjja*;
114* J "HCaPJMtLbSHfjc
L%f> JLiKE' ';L£Fi*CS

320 PRINT CMS*B8Jf;iJ8Si

114$; "RLsPDREfiutRL
»P3aDHSD."'jLEF'ff (
S2*,6j IQQ3UB 000^0
O3UB500

330 print CM*;iib*Jiias;
i)4* j "THEisPJLirtES
LsPjQFEsPjfEfcT": JL
EFT*iS2*/4J :0U3Ui

340 PRINT Cfi*i"ll8*/D&*j

D4*j ' 'CHHLaPJVHKTL
*P j INl£P JLfcNQfiH" J
LEFT*£82Sj3) : GQSuB
500

350 print cn*iub*;ii8<i

D4*J"BtCHbSE:EsPjT
HEC*P3STRINGb" , JLt
ET*CS2**2) :UObuB d
00

360 PRINT Cri*JUb»;Db*J
114* J " DP £ &P 3 bPHLES
L»PjCflN£ftPJBt"JLfc

FT*Cb2*.5);0DbUB 5
00

370 PRINT CniiDb*;ub*J
D4*J"flDlitIlLsPjrOi
*pjBLflNK[aP]GUT"J

LEFr*<b2*j3;:GUbuB
500

3S0 PRINT CM*;il8*;Db*J
1)4* ; "BNYUPjPKhVl
DUSCsP j i EXi". ' ' ;LcF

TSCS2*/b> :bUbuJ3by0

330 PKiNT CM*;i)2*i ?ENiJ

500 FOR R»FlTU15W0 ; hbXi
i RETURN

QM

HOW TO MAKE
GOOD INVESTMENTS

■fa Computer aided instruction for the Commodore 64"

Our objective is to teach you the fundamentals of
stock market and real estate investment analysis .

fa This is the first course in a series of courses on
investment and financial analysis developed by expe-
rienced professionals from the top business schools.

fa The courses are designed to cover the same material
as is covered in the best business schools with some
practical street techniques . The investment tech-
niques in this initial course were selected for their
ease of use and understanding. Programs and examples
using those programs are provided as learning aids
and for subsequent investment arialysis.

■fa Course I: "HOW TO MAKE GOOD INVESTMENTS" comes com -
plete with a 100 page text and programs on disk for
S54.95.

fa This course and additional courses may be tax deduct -
ible . {.Commodore 64 is a registered trademark of
Commodore Electronics Ltd.)

fa Send $54.95 check or money order to: orcleNo 155

The Wizards, P.O. Box 7118, The Woodlands, Texas 77387

TAX COMMAND

NOW YOUR COMMODORE OR VIC PUTS LINE-BY-LINE
CONTROL OF TAX PREPARATION AT YOUR FINGER TIPS.

Calculations are automatic. All you do is
enter your tox information. Tax Command
does all mathematical calculations for you
Built-in tax Sables eliminate guesswork. No
more finding the right column down and
right line across. Tax Command has the
1040 lax tables built right in So
it zeros rn on your refund (or tox
payment) amount automatically.
Tax Command is fast, easy! Just

£]{&

fill in the blanks. If you make c mistake, no
problem. Just go back and retype your
entries. Everything is re-cclculoted for you
You'll find the 1040 Schedule A. Capitol
Gain's & Losses. Income Averaging. And
more. Anyone who con read con use Tax
Command And the best feature
of all just S24.95 plus S2.00
for shipping onO " handling.
Wisconsin residents add 556 tox.

Practical Programs. Inc.

P.O. Box 93104- 1 • Milwaukee, Wl 53203 • (414) 278-0829
Available at fine computer stores everywhere, or by ordering direct.

Circle No. 177

February 1984 . COMMANDERI85

JUNIOR
PROGRAMMERS SECTOR

INVASION

A VIC-20 GAME

! By Gene Buckle!

In this section we present selected pro-

100

PRINT" LhomeHdoum

150

IFPEEK«tC)=60ORPEEK

grams from our younger contributors,

18 times]"

CC>»420RPEEKCC>*»62

whose developing computer skills should

THEN600

encourage all aspiring programmers to

101

FORR"38400TO38400+

keep at it.

22*23 : POKER, 0: HE

155

IFC<7746THENB=0:GO

Your task is to defend your planet from

XT : fl=0

TO170

invaders in the sky. You may fire only one

missile at a time, and the enemy may drop

105

PRINT" [SrnHsP, 3

160

POKED ,33

only one bomb at a time.

times] [shf-- ]"

Press "Z" to move left, "C" to move

161

170

NEXT
IFD«0THEN800

right, and "B" to fire. You'll receive 3 base
ships per game, and wilf score two points
for each alien destroyed. May the pro-

110

PRINT" CsP, 3 time
sHshf-U]"

gram be with you! ^/

115

PRINT" tOmKfiP, 3
timesHshf-W]"

172

IFD"0THEN180

1 REM INVASION! BV G.

BUCKLE

174

P0KEEi32:P0KEE-1^3

120

PRINT"CuP, 3 time

2:P0KEE-2.32:K=K+1

2 P0KE36879, 10

&]";

5 GF»30720

125

IFPEEKC197)"34THEN
GOSUB300:flKfl+l'GOT

176

IFE"ITHEND*0:QOTO1
80

6 Vfl»9#16T3+14:VN»9*

0220

16T3+13

178

E«E+J:P0KEE,62:P0K

139

IFPEEKC197)=33THEN

EE-li42:POKEE-2;60

3 POKEVR+1,40

OOSUB300:R*R-1:GOT

0220

179

IFJ*1THEN182

9 PRINT" [clrHdown,

28 times] CsP, 3 t

135

IFPEEK<197>-35flNIJB

180

IFINT<<8098-E>/22)

imesHshf-E, 16 ti

■0THENB«l:C*8079+R

■22-KRRNDF*0THENF«

mes] [ftp j 2 times]'-'

:L"1 :P«15=P0KEVN^1
58:POKEC J 160:POKEC
+OF,4:OOTO170

l!G*E+2i:H"2i:G0T0
183

13 IFPEEKC197>«33flNDB

181

G0T0183

*0THENB*i:O8079+H

136

IFL»0THEN140

:L=1 :p-15:PQKEVN,l

182

IFINT<<8098-E)/22)

58:POKEC*160:PQKEC

137

POKEVfl/P'.P*P-l'-IFP

»R-KRNDF«0THENF=1 =

+OF J 4:GOTO170

«-!THENL--=0:POKEVN,

G=E+23 : M=23

20 PRINT" [home] ii.Pi

183

IFF-0THEN125

4 tim*s]*#[sP]INVR

140

IFB*0THEN170

SIGNLsP]**"

141

F0RH=slT02

184

P0KEG,32:G«G+n

21 PRINT"Z-LEFT,C-RI

186

IFPEEKCG)032THEN7

GHT.E-FIRE"

145

PGKEC, 32 = 0=022

00

86ICOMMANDER • February 1984

Continued on page 112

Battle Hymn

A C-64 MUSICAL INTERLUDE

^*^^^^^™gBy Harry Metz!

Although the C-64's sound chip is
suitable for a wide variety of video game
noises, it is also capable of generating
rather sophisticated music. "Real" music is
much more than simply a single-note
melody line. It consists of at least 3-part
harmony, and a careful balance of
waveform tonal colors and dynamic (loud-
soft) variations.

This program presents a familiar song
written with 2- and 3-note chords. Each
lyric is displayed on the screen at the mo-
ment the appropriate note is sounded.
The programming technique used here is
known as the "time division method"
because each separate 3-tone chord is
played for a specific duration according to

the tempo and the relative length of each
note.

The structure of this program should be
fairly easy to follow by anyone familiar
with the basic principles of C-64 sound
generation. Essentially, the computer has
3 separate "voices." At any given mo-
ment, each of the three voices can be set
to produce a different musical note, or
made silent. To produce a given tone on
one voice, two numbers must be POKEd
into memory. A table in the User's Manual
lists which pairs of numbers correspond
with the standard musical notes.

Each set of two DATA statements con-
tains information about the duration, pit-
ches, and lyric for each chord in the song.

For example, line 310 is used in the follow-
ing way. The first value, 20, indicates the
duration of the note. (If 20 represents a
quarter note, then 10 would be half as
long, or an eighth note.) The next two
numbers, 38and 126, set the first voice to
the highest note of the chord. The second
pair, 19 and 63, set the middle note, and
the last pair set the low note. The next line,
31 5, contains the lyric that is printed to the
screen when thechord is sounded. If a pair
of numbers is 0,0, as in lines 300 or 330,
then the corresponding voice is silent for
the duration of that note.

I hope you enjoy the results of this exer-
cise, and feel inspired to program your
own favorite tunes.

180 PRINT'' 'tclrHdoum,

170

POKE V3+1, 18: POKE

260

T=T+S

4 times] LuhtJ'-THB

V3+2, 170

C7:-"BnnLELsP3HVn

270

IF T>TI GOTO 270

NLsP JOIHsPJ IHkLsP]

180

T=TI

REPUBLIC

200

POKE VI; 16: POKE 72

280

GOTO 290

105 PRINT: FOR T«l TO 3

,32: POKE V3, is

290

FORJsLl TO 54296 =P

009 : NEXT

210

READ S:IF S=0 GOTO

DKE J/ 0: NEXT J

110 LI =54272 : L2=54279 :

290

300

DflTfl 10,38, 126,0,0

L3=54286

.0,0

1 1 5 POKE532S0 , 2 ! P0KE53

220

RERD X1,Y1,X2,Y2>X

305

DRTR MINE

281/6

3/Y3,R$

318

DflTR 20,38, 126, 19,

120 H1=L1+1 =H2=L2+l:H3

225

PRIHT"L&P1"IR$ i

63,12,216

=L3+1

230

IF XI THEN POKE HI

315

DRTR EVES

130 V1=L1+4:V2=L2+4=V3

j XI : POKE LliVlsPOK

=L3+4

E VI, 17

320

DRTR 10,38,126,19/
63,12,216

140 POKE 54296,15

240

IF X2 THEN POKE H2

,X2:P0KE L2 J V2:P0K

325

DRTR HRVE

150 POKE Vl + 1, 9= POKE V

E V2,33

2+2,0

330

DRTR 20,38,126,0,0

250

IF X3 THEN POKE H3

,12,32

160 POKE V2+1/36 SPOKE

,X3:P0KE L3/V3:P0K

V2+2,36

E V3,17

335

DRTR SEEN

February 1984 • COMMANDERI87

340 DRTR 10,34.75, 8,0, 12,32

345 DRTR THE

350 DRTfl 20,32,94,19,63,10,205

355 DRTR GLQ-

360 DRTR 10,36,126,19,63,10,205

365 DRTR RY

370 DRTR 20,51,97,0,0,9,159

375 DRTR OF

380 DRTR 10,57,172,0,0,9,159

385 DRTR THE

390 DRTfl 20,64,188,19,63,12,216

395 DATA COM-

480 DATA 10,64,183,19,63,12,216

405 DATA I NO

410 DHTfl 20,64,188,0,0,9^159

415 DHTfl OF

420 DATA 10,57j 172/0^9/ 159

425 DATA THE

430 DRTR 30,51,97,17,37,6,108

435 DRTfl LORDJ

440 DRTR 28,51,97,0,0,8,23

445 DHFR HE

450 DRTR 10,48,127,0,0,8,23

455 DRTR IS

460 DATA 20,43,52,14,107,8,147

465 DATA TRRM-

470 DRTR 10,43,52,14,107,8,147

475 DRTR PLING

480 DRTR 28,43,52,0,0,8,23

FOR COMMODORE 64™
and VIC-20™ ■

[Atari® H
Compatible] ^_

NO. 2002

$24.95 ■■

FEATURES:

_^_ • Switchable gateplate™ ___

(great for maze games)

• Left//right firing buttons

^^~ (Index finger firing reduces fatigue) ~ ~

• 5 Year limited warranty

TO ORDER BY MAIL: Bank check, money order. Mastercard,

VISA S COD. orders accepted — Include Charge tt, bank #,

expiration date. Add S3.00 shipping £ handling charges for

each order (For C.O.D. add SI GO) CA res. add sales tax.

MACROTECH MARKETING

15425 Los Gatos Blvd. rnn products shipped with

I nc Rnt-AC PA flSQan manufacturers warranty — AM

los taacas, lm sduju ord(1PB sont ups un | E55

(4083 358-343Q otherwise specified.)

Circle No. I74

485

DRTR

OUT

490

DRTR

10,48, 127,0,0,8,23

495

DRTfl

THE

500

DRTR

20,51,97,14,107,7-53

505

DRTR

VIN-

510

DRTR

10,48,127,14,107,7,53

515

DRTR

THGE

520

DRTfl

20,51,97,19,63,9, 159

525

DRTfl

WHERE

530

DRTR

10,43,52,19,63,9,159

535

DRTfl

THE

540

DATA

6

DATA

20,38,126,25,177,12,21

545

GRAPES

550

DATA

10,43,52,25,177,12,216

555

DRTR

OF

560

DRTH

20,38,126,8,0,8,23

565

DRTR

"CftP, 2 time*] WRATH"

570

DRTfl

10,32,94,0,0,8,23

575

DRTfl

ARE

590

DRTR

30,38,126,19,63,9,159

585

DATA

STORED.

590

DRTfl

20,38,126,19,63, 12,32

595

DRTR

HE

600

DRTfl

18,38,126,19,63,12,32

605

DRTfl

HRTH

610

DRTR

28,38, 126,19,63, 12,216

615

DRTH

LOOSED

620

DRTR

10,38,126,19,63,12,216

625

DRTR

THE

630

DRTR

28,38,126,0,0,12,32

635

DRTR

"[*P, 3 ti mes ]FRTE-"

640

DRTR

10,34,75,0,0,12,32

645

DRTH

FUL

650

DRTR

20,32,94,19,63,10,205

655

DRTR

LIGHT-

660

DRTfl

10,38-126,19,63,10,205

665

DRTR

NINO

670

DRTR

28,51,97,0,0,9,159

675

DRTR

OF

680

DRTfl

18,57,172,0,0,9,159

685

DHTfl

HIS

690

DRTR

6

DATA

20,64,188,25,177,12,21

695

TER-

700

DATA
6

DRTR

10,64,188,25,177,12,21

705

RI--

710

DRTR

20,64,188,24,63,18,68

715

DRTR

"CSPIIBLE"

720

DRTR

18,57,172,24,63,10,60

725

DRTH

SWIFT

730

DRTR

38,51,97,21,154,10,205

735

DHTH

SWORD.

740

DRTfl

38,51,97,21,154,10,60

745

DHTfl

HIS

750

DATA

30,57,172,24,63,8,147

755

DRTR

TRUTH

760

DRTR

30,57, 172,24,63,7,53

— — ^ — , -, _ ,

8SIC0MMANDER • February 1984

770 DHTR 30,31/97.19.63/9.159
773 DHTH MHRCH-

780 DRTR 30.48, 127. 19/63.9/ 159
785 DflTfl I NO

790 DflTfll20,51.97, 19.63,6, 189
795 DflTfl "DNCsP, 40 times]."
800 DflTfl 45,38,126,16,49.6.108
805 DflTfl OLO-

810 DflTfl 10.34,75,12,32,7,53
815 DflTH RV

930 DflTfl 20,32,94,12,32,8,23
935 DflTfl DLO-

940 DflTfl 10,38,126,14,107,7,53
945 DflTfl RV

950 DflTfl 20,51,97,16,47,6,108
955 DflTfl HAL

960 DflTfl 10,57,172,17,37,7,53
965 DflTfl LE

970 DflTfl 60,64,189,19,63,6.108
975 DflTfl LU

980 DflTfl 60,51,97,16,47,19,205
985 DflTfl "JRHICfiP, 8 times]."
1000 DflTfl 45,43,52,17,37,7,53
1005 DflTfl GLO-

1010 DflTfl 10,48,127,16,47,10,60
1015 DflTfl RV

1020 DflTfl 20,51,97,17,37,10,205
1025 DflTfl QL0-

1030 DflTfl 10,48,127,20,100,9,159
1035 DflTfl RV

1040 DflTfl 20,51,97,21,154,8,147

1045 DflTfl HRL

1050 DflTfl 10,43,32,17,37,10,205

1055 DflTfl LE

1060 DflTH 68,38,126,19,63,6,108

1065 DflTfl LU

1070 DflTfl 60,32,94,19,63,6.180

1075 DflTfl "JAM I UP. 8 times]."

1200 DflTfl 45,38,126,16,48,6,108

1205 DflTH GLO-

1210 DflTfl 10,34,75,12,32,7,53
1215 DflTH RV

1220 DflTfl 20,32.94.12.32,8.23
1225 DflTH- OLD-

1230 DflTfl 10,38,126,14,107,7,33
1235 DflTfl RV

1240 DflTfl 20,51,97,16,47,6,108
1245 DflTfl HRL

1250 DflTfl 10,57, 172, 17, 37. 7, 53
1255 DflTfl LE

1260 DHTR 60,64,189,19,63,6,108

1263 DflTH LU

1270 DflTfl 30,51,97,16,47,10.205

1275 DflTfl "JflH I CsP. 8 time*]."

1300 DflTfl 30.51.97,16.47.7.53

1305 DflTfl HIS

1310 DflTfl 30,57.172.10.205.8,147

1315 DflTfl TRUTH

1320 DflTfl 30,57,172,10,205,8,147

1325 DHTH IS

1330 DflTfl 30,51,97,19,63,9,159

1335 DHTR MflRCH-

1340 DflTfl 30,48,127,17,37,9,159

1345 DflTfl I NO

1350 DflTfl 100,51,97,16,47,6,108

1355 DflTfl DN.

1360 DflTfl

1370 PRINT: PRINT: PRINT

February 1984 • COMMANDERIB9

CodeWriter

Jeff and Marilyn Mitchell
"designed" their new program
themselves. CodeWriter wrote
all the computer code. The
Mitchells' dream is thriving on
fulfilling other people's wishes.
Their new home business needs
very special information fast:
■ Which fantasies are still open?
What's our next completion date? Can we get a list of
all fantasies needing out of state travel?
They got it all — with no computer hassle.
And you can too, "with CodeWriter. No
programming. No. 'computerese*. At home or at the
office, you create your own programs to handle any
information you want — at your fingertips; Payables,
receivables, inventory, credit cards, tax details, club
or church records — always organized your way.
You work, with CodeWriter in plain English.
Simply 'draw' any screen layout, add any calculations
you'd like done — or help messages you need— and
you're done. CodeWriter writes all the BASIC code.

"This is our first business, ^
our first computer,
and our first program —
and we really did it
ourselves!"

In minutes you've got YOUR OWN PROGRAM on
YOUR OWN DISK. You don't need CodeWriter again
until you want a new program.

You can begin with Home
FUeWWLter™ and expand to
more complete business systems
with full report and menu
design features.

You can get CodeWriter for
the Commodore 64®, Atari®,
Apple®, IBM PC®, Commodore
Business Machine®, Victor
9000®, and Kay Pro II®, computers. Prices range
from $69 to $249.

You think this much power can't come this easy?
There are thousands of CodeWriter systems in use all
over the world— 80% are first
time computer owners.
CodeWriter writes solutions the jj|
first time you try!

FileWriter

TVHw

>*

j -»5lV

CodeWriter

-VideoConcepts,

f -A Dynatech Company
iTW Dynatech Microsoftware Inc.

7847 N. Caldwell Ave. Niles, 111. 60648
Toil-Free 1-800-621-4109 (in III. 312-470-0700)

AVAILABLE AT

90ICOMMANDER • February 1984

Your Home Entertainment Store
Circle No 159

® 180 STORES NATIONWIDE

HIGH RESOLUTION
SCREEN DUMP FOR C-64

tBy Robert Parr*

What is a screen dump? A screen
dump is a program that allows you to
draw a graphic picture on your com-
puter's screen, and then have the printer
make an exact duplicate of the picture.

For a screen dump program to work,
you must have a dot matrix printer with
dot-addressable graphics. Although a hi-
res screen dump is fairly easy through a
Commodore printer, accomplishing it
with other common dot-matrix printers is
more difficult. I have included listings for
both Epson and Prowriter printers,
because most brands of dot-matrix
printers are compatible with one or the
other.

PROGRAM DESIGN

Because I was interested in creating a
program that would be organized in a
simple manner and could easily be
altered, I spent a little time trying to
design a detailed input routine. The one I
included (contained in lines 10-40) lets
you enter your design from the
keyboard, and then tell the computer
that you are finished by pressing the
<f 1 > key. It is cumbersome, but does
get the job done.

Before I can explain how the rest of the
program works, you need to know how a
matrix printer works. Instead of printing
an entire character at once as a type-
writer does, it forms letters from in-
dividual dots, similar to newsprint. The
print head that slides from side to side in
your printer creates the dots by striking
the printer ribbon with various combina-
tions of eight "pins". These "pins" are ar-
ranged vertically within the print head.

During normal operation, the dot pat-
terns for the ASCII character set are
already stored in the printer's memory.
Whenever the printer receives an ASCII

code for a particular character, it instructs
the "pins" to fire in the appropriate pat-
tern, which in turn forms the character.
However, it is possible for control of the
print head to be transferred directly to
the computer. By doing so, high-
resolution graphics from the printer may
be obtained.

A computer monitor is operated in
much the same manner. The letters or
graphic characters you see on the screen
are created by numbers that correspond
to horizontal rows of dots. These
numbers are in binary notation, and are
stored in the computer ROMs.

The principle behind this particular
screen dump program is this-if you can
take the numbers that are used by the
screen to form character images, and
convert them to numbers that can be
utilized by the printer to make the same
character, you can print any character
available from the Commodore charac-
ter set.

Here is how the dump routine works.
Lines 1 00 - 1 3® copy the character ROM
into RAM. This allows the program to

read the eight numbers that the com-
puter uses to create its characters on the
screen. Lines 140-160 dimension the
variables that will be used in the conver-
sion, and set up the printer for regular-
density dot-addressable graphics. Lines
170-190 determine what character is to
be compiled next, and store the values
from the copied character ROM for that
letter in variables H(0)-H(7). Lines
200-260 take care of the actual conver-
sion, and lines 260-320 instruct the
printer to print the characters one row at
a time.

One more note about program opera-
tion. Because it is written in BASIC, the
program is very slow. It will take about
one and one-half minutes after you press
the <f1 > key before the first line is
printed, and approximately 30 minutes
to copy the entire screen. Therefore, try
to keep smaller pictures centered in the
top portion of the screen, and then press
the<run/stop> key once your picture is
printed. This will cut down considerably
on wasted run time.

10 PRINT -"[clr]";

20 GET fl*: PRINT ' ' 'Crvs-onHsPH
Ut'tUrvs-off]"; : IF HS=""
THEN 20

38 IF fl$=CHR$C133> THEN PRINT
"C*P3"5 :GOTO 100

40 PRINT fi*J JQOTD 20

100 POKE 56334/ PEEK < 56334) AND 2
54= POKE 1, PEEK (I) HNU 291

February 1984 • COMMANDERS

TM

-■--' -.-.--. -,-.- v -..-,-, r

^A<y^tu-C2AZy

TAX HELPER M

Commodore 64 "

Tax HELPER 1 .83 performs all arithmetic for Form
1040 and Schedules A, B, and G. Does not calcu-
late tax. Saves results to diskette.
Diskette: S1 7.00 plus S1 .25 shipping.

Tax HELPER 2.83 also does Schedules C, D, E, F,
G, SE, and W and Form 4562. Calculates tax,
prints reports, and more.
Diskette: $30.00 plus $1 .25 shipping.
VISA/MasterCard accepted

Circle No. 99

(M)agreeable software, inc.

5925 Magnolia Lane • Plymouth. MN 55442
(612) 559-1108

HELPER is a trademark oMMJagreeable Software, Inc.
Commodore 64 is a trademark of Commodore Electronics Lid.

BASIC BYTE JUST

MADE MANAGING YOUR

STOCK PORTFOLIO EASIER

Introducing PORTFOLIO MANAGER by Basic Byte, a high-
quality, easy-to-use software program for use on your
Commodore 64 or VIC 20 (16K RAM) personal computer.

It's designed to eliminate hours of time consuming
paperwork. And make it easy for you to handle your
investments.

PORTFOLIO MANAGER lets you instantly update your
stock's current value. Calculate gains and losses. Record
dividends. Print reports. Even determine the price per
share after your broker's commission. All you have to do
is follow the easy, step-by-step instructions.

The price? Only $29.95. And that makes PORTFOLIO
MANAGER a great investment by itself.

You'll find PORTFOLIO MANAGER on tape or disk drive
at your local dealer. Or call direct (313) 540-0655 or write
P.O. Box 924. Southfield. Ml 48037 and order yours today.

BASIC BYTE, INC.

Circle No 162

110 FOR 1*0 TO 12?:F0R J«0 TO ?:
POKE 32?66+I*8+J,PEEKC53248+
1*8+ J) :NEXT J: NEXT I

120 POKE l.PEEKU) OR 4 : POKE 563
34 , PEEK C 56334) OR 1

130 POKE 55, 255= POKE 56,127

140 DIM B<63):DIM V<39, 7) : S=0 : OP
EN 4,4,4

150 PRINT#4jCHR*<27)''H''CHRS<8)

1 60 PR I NT#4 , CHR* C 27 ) CHR$ < 75 } CHK$
<64)CHR$ Cl)j

170 FOR CL=1024 TO 2023 : C=PEEK<C
L>

180 L=<C*8) +32768

130 FOR X=0 TO 7iHCX>ePEEK(L+X>:
NEXT X

200 FOR 2-0 TO 63:iK2)e0:NEXT

210 N=128:Q-0:FOR X=0 TO ?*M»12S
'■FOR V=0 TO 7

220 IF HOO=>M THEN B(Y+Q)=N : HKX
)=HtX)-N

230 M=|V2;NEXT Y : Q=U+S : N=N/2 : HEX
T X

240 FOR Y=0 TO 7

250 V<S,V)=B(0+V;+B(8+V)+B(16+V>
+B^24+V)+B<32+Y)+BC40+V)+B<4
8+V)+BC56+V)

260 NEXT Y=3*S+1

270 IF S<40 THEN 320

280 FOR 3=0 TO 39: FOR y 3 jq y.p
RINT#4,CHR*<V(S,Y)); iNEXT Y =
NEXT S

290 S«0

300 CLOSE 4, 4, 4= OPEN 4,4:RRINT#4
,CHR$C13>; : CLOSE 4,4'QPEN 4,
4,4

310 PRINT#4, CHR$<27)CHR$C75>CHR$
(64>CHR*a>j

320 NEXT CL : CLOSE 4,4

92ICOMMANDER • February 1984

BT-TVET SOFTWARE

Ludwig's Castle

8K Acventure VIC/64 9-95

Weapon of Choice

16K Adventure VIC/64 14.95

Dungeor. Runner

24K Adventure VIC/64 19-95

CENTURY MICRO

8K RAM EXPANSION 29.95

16K RAM EXPANSION 44-95

^64K RAM DISK (VIC) 99-95

moses assembler vic.ct 49-95

moses assembler 64, dc 29-95

deluxmon vic/64, ct 19-95

galactic software

20 ma::, list d,c 21. 95

64 mail list d,c 23.95

financial assistant 64d 59-95

progressive peripherals

GothmofS Lair 64 D 29-95

Cyber World 64 2 Disks 39-95

Smart Slot 64

4 slot Intelligent Exp 79-95

Auto Clock VIC/64 99-95

CUSTOM CARTRIDGES

We offer the following pro-
ducts and services:

Blank Cartridge (W/Case)
VIC/64 10.95

The following EPROMS are
available for our cartridge:

2732 5.95

27S4 7.95

27128 WRITE

Custom Programming:

2732' b 1 ea 2.00

2764' s 1 ea 2.50

27128' s 1 ea 3.00*
•You supply the 128

Please Include all of the
information needed to prop-
erly program and sat up your
cartridge. VIC cartridges need
to know which block (1,2,3 or
5) and the 64 crt's need to
know LC Rom or HI Rom.

HOW TO ORDER

Send check or money order
to SOFT SACWARE- All orders
shipped within 48hrs and if
items are not in stock we
will return your payment if
you specify.

Add 3% ($3,00) MIN For Snip-
ing and handling.

CA Residents add 6% Tax

SOFT SACWARE

4607 STAGGS WAY
SACRAMENTO, CA 95822

Circle No 145

Commodore 64- Vic 20-

EDUCATIONAL SOFTWARE

TEACHER DEVELOPED-
CLASSROOM TESTED

FOR QUICK MASTERY OF BASIC COMCEPTS.

COMPETITIVE GAMES DESIGNED TO
IMPROVE THINKING SKILLS

All programs self-explanatory Easy to use.
Learn at your own pace at home or at school

GRAMMAR 3 or 4 complete programs
MATH 4 or 5 programs
PHONICS' 3 or 12 programs
FUN PACKS 3 or 4 programs

REESSOFTWARE LABORATORIES!

GRAMMAR PROGRAMS
G1 Parts of Speech I S19.95

Nouns
Adjectives
Personal Pronouns
Indefinite Pronouns

G2 Parts of Speech II S19.95

Verbs

Helping Verbs
Adverbs

G3 Parts of Speech II! S19.95

Prepositions
Conjunctions
Interjections

G4 Sentence Structure S19.95

Subjects

Predicates

Obiects

G5 Capitalization

and Punctuation S1 9.95

Capitalization

Punctuation Apostrophes and

Quotation Marks
Punctuation II End Marks

G6 Homonyms. Antonyms.

and Synonyms S19.95

Homonyms

Antonyms

Synonyms

G7 Phrases. Prefixes.

and Suffixes S19.95

Phrases
Prefixes
Suffixes

PHONICS PROGRAMS

PI Phonic Blends $39.95

3 Programs
3 Voice Tapes

P3 Computer Phonics S49.95

Pre-Test

Long and short vowelsflO programs)

Post -Test

MATH PROGRAMS

M1 NumberTheory S19.95

Place Value

Reading Large Numbers

Rounding Off

Math Drills

Addition

Subtraction

Multiplication

Division

M2 Conversions S19.95

Inches to Feet to Yards
Pints to Quarts to Gallons
Roman to Arabic Numerals
Metrics t 2

M3 Fractions I S19.95

Fractions lo Percent Conversion
Adding Fractions (with carrying*
Subtracting Fractions (with borrowing!
Sequence Patterns

M4 Fractions ll/Deeimals.,.,S19.95

Multiplying Fractions
Reducing Fractions
Adding and Subtracting Decimals
Multiplying Decimals

FUN PACKS

F1 Fun Pack I S19.95

Quarter Back Challenge
Magic Cards
Latin Mage
Haunted Mansion

P2 Word Blends.

3 Programs

4 Voice Tapes

. S49.9S

F2 Fun Pack II

Amazing Craze
Missile Attack
Roaring Cycle

F3 Fun Pack III ...
Magic Spell
States and Capitals
Choice Hangman

.$19.95

.S19.95

ALL PROGRAMS AVAILABLE ON DISKETTE OR CASSETTE
Phone Orders: REES SOFTWARE LABORATORIES (714) 980-9562

QTY.

SERIES NO. & NAME

DISK.

CASS-

PRICE EA.

REES SOFTWARE LaSOHATOBIES, ll\JC.

Post Office Box 763
Cucamonga CA91730

Circle No. 77

VISA/MC (Include charge card no, & expiration date)

SUBTOTAL

Postage S handling

3°-o (VISA/MC)

CA residents 6% fax

TOTAL

TOTAL

S1.50

February 1984 • COMMANDER /93

□□SUB
□F SUDELU JMC

1 QMMUUDRI •..■'. L5PK rwARE

I41SI3E O* SUdt-11 :

[.4-r,;iHM_jraj it 9.95/0 11.95)

IHjtK tJr i ; J Tor At 1 Jfjps., Uumfter 5 nn screifi
ire tlM t i .wis nci r nDrml size. Aadi ti pn,

Subtract inn, "". i 1 t i c I : C at i an . and Division.
Dp^riticns say Be mi <ed. 13 levels of

J i * * l c u 1 1 i/ .

f- QLLUW Hfc iT/D 15. <?5i

*>Knon stvJp gamp for the Commodore fa4. tjame

IB pi avert Lv repeat ing sequences of 1 ight e.
«nd tonei. that * he comDutff' or jnutnei' player

?cm?rjti>t,.
i 'MrtrKr.ium ...... , ...... it 9.95/D U-95>

Fart on* B:t p JAinE, t urop er a i lit t . the sc a 1 e u &ed
to ne^suro tpnpBrjturu and the r el at 1 onsh l ps
r.eti.^n t ht'ii. Part (md i & a temperature

,'onversiun program allowing conversion

betueyn F^hrunheU, Celsius, telvin, and

Rani- ii ■;■,,,;■.. E iulu.".' Graph i os for tne
Com»D(Jore fa*.

FIfV. RHT1Q ........„,„..,. <T/D 49. 93)

This Ps a program for the Co»fflodorc 64 that
compute 1 the ■ .it :."■& involved in Manuf JCturinq
Industries. The foil owing ratios Are

computed; Liquidity Ratios. Leverarje fijtios,
Act i vi t y Rat I os. Profitability Rati D F i.

Cover iqp Rat I ni And Stock Ratios.

rppv U11LI1V.. 13. 95

Two utl I Uv proqr jmi, one far a -iinqle 154 1
5->s_t em tfw other for a t no 1541 system. Thi a
rout ine Mill copy each Tract- and Sector
s.t ir '. i /M) with Track 1 Sector O and Milt
continue through Track' 35 Sector lb. For the
CoiwiOdor P b4,

SOUTHERN SQ PTUAKE ;

COMPUTE).- ^HECI.MPft .,,.........- I D 15.95)

r'itfjt a runni ng tabu) ati t;n o* tf*flos> U,

checks, and service charge*..

MUSICjgaHEJB ID 15.9B)

14 di 1 f prent ircitrunents can he played using
the Commodore fa4 keyboard.

&PTF.DE BOUV -fa4 .... 49.95

Enter and&ave =11 grades far up to m ne
ClaHtCBtS. Each clasti may contain kip to SO
students and up to nine report periods per
5-t udent. Constant 1 y updated grade average,
bv t«pel and bv subject. All output nay be to
screen or printer.

CUrtM L U L* L SCK'hAEE

venqer 1

J- 1 c) man « 1

Speed /&i ngo rlsth....... 1

Jupi ter Lander

Visible Solar Systen,

Lemons, 1

Radar Rat Race. 1

F jnfaal 1 Spec t ac ul ar 1

Super Smash ..,,,.. ,..,,,,]

Silye Print .1

Gor i 1

Omega Race

L a r a r i an.

C 1 -- ■-> ■■ i s., ...... ........ 1

Sea Uol f

Tooth Invaders

Star Posit ..,.,.

Hi card of Ulor.

rrogmast »r. .. ■

St ^r Ranger ...1

cp.'h

Simons - f^ash:.

1.30

3.50
1.90

6.50
1.50
1.50
1,90
1.30
3,50
3.50
3.50
6. 5U
3.50
5.50
.56
_.50
3.50
3.50
3. SO
95
6.95

EASY MAIL. ... .. ...15

EASY SPELL 17

GENERAL LEDGER 37

LOGO. . 40. 00

ZOFrK I..,., .. .24.95

ZORK II 24.95

ZQR*: III.............. . . . 24.95

5USPENDUD, . . . .......................... .24.95

STARCRDSLi 24.95

DEADLINE. .34,93

David's Midnight Magic !D>,

Chopl i * ter i cart J ...

Seaf ou (cart)

Lode Runner Itart) ....... ..

Lode Runner iD)

C l -A J 1 EQ PRODUCTS

CARDPRjHT 69. 00

"10—20 & C b4 Faral lei input pr t nter

i nt t»rf ace.

CARDBOftM>/!^ 59. 95

Five slcit e>r.nansion inter fans far the C &4.
Win 1 TE TJO^J , 49. 95

-c;' j L-' .:-_t;---_- :■ .r- :;r: :.<-»-; < ,,. r . r the fi4.

W»1L. NOW 34 . 95

Mai : i ng 1 i 5,t program on Di at for the C A4.

rARDLKV.M . .'-V. 95

^i , I" ci?n nujiiwr i c^il i rry pad nj th ttof^^re (or
thip V1C-20 fi C 64.

CflRDE TTE/1. , . . . 50. 95

VlC-2o S~c i>4 univert.il casaettff interface.

Cfl£flSll££ZJ --. .....Z3.9S

VIC- 20 T C t.4 1. 1 giit pen with mi tch b

frcKirams.
LiNTER UTILITY FfiQ&R«iHS . ........... 1 5. 95

Tape software- A, screen (Jump for the vIC-20 Sr
C fa4.

19 Ifrvs, each of which i

def initians'

Ccmpl ete document at i on

1 i st i rigs '

ktQirts on the VIC^O

:c mp titers '

tompat i hi e with most Bwi sti ng software'

Great for use uith business programs

electronic spread sheets'

Id eiil for m^chi ne 1 anguage programmer s '

ay have 3 % ep cr at e
including program

{Lxpandedl and C— 64
taral

UR1TE

Fas

FREE

CATALOG

SIERRA QM-LIfttE
Frogger (D)

TO ORDER:

&QSU& o* SI i dell. Inc.
F-.D. Etos 17B1
SI i Pell, La 70459
1504 l 641-S30 7

HantJl i ng charges »2. Oil
C, 0. D. add (2.00
Ha&ter Card 4. VISA (add 3*>)
.25.95 | FY-ices subject to change

I Dealer Inquiries on Goslio. Hi 1 1 =
; Products and Southern Software welec

ACCESS HQFtHflRE

Weutral Zone (D-'T) , ->j 95

E^each Head tD^T). ....27 95

SFMTEKASTER ID/Ti 29.95

COVERS

Oatasette-oi d styl e 5. 00

Oataset te-new style. 5. 00

154 1 Di sl< Drive 10. 00

V1C-20/C 64 keyboard 9. 00

y.l_l l-BON lwt\ t f.'lHJOLJS

HONEY MANAGt:nLMT S YSTElt »_. u ,n/TJ "-9.9S

The easy prof ressi onal way~i u tianaoe all your
bank accounts. Tracks aU OLltStandinq Checks
anri deposits unti ! paid, prints st atersentu.
balances accounts, and allies teirthing nt
falee. &v any parameters you chose. The MOSt
ver sati 1 e ehect-book progr am we have ever
Seen.

fbhYSqNAL DATA ^AiJE 3.2 <D* 29. *Ki

Uses ret at 1 vi? files to al low man rrmm numbwr
M records pq-ssible oh the | '.4 1 disk drive.
LKer formated screens and rtrfiOrfe*.

HMJJLMLijij ID) 29. 9b

Uses relative I lies to a,] 1 pu D/er or.t-

tn:ui*nd names on a sinj?,t? mailing list
Fruits mailing labels and fits you sort u\
an,- field.

INVUNT DRY CDMTRQL SYS": En ;./- 1 &j . , 49 95

Complete inventory control" ^vs tern for sn^i!
Dusi nui ses.

STARGUAFLD (D/TI ..."4 95

Hast action two p)ave«- archil*- gamt?,

SJil&.JjRJiK. IU/T) ., .7:4.95

..nupeo up version o-f the r.in favorite witf
1 OtS of till or , BDiiruJ and suiim- oki 1 tersfi-r * .

tHJLXlfidl F.-tfiL. 1-4. V_.

Low cost, high sensitivity model with narrt?l
mounted twitch and five font cord. Comes

with instruction manual and s L if tw-ir e.

THE TORT ft aiASI 14.95

ft reset fiodule that plugs into the user port
D-f either the VJC-20 ar the C-64 ^nd comes
with a program on tape which allows you to
recover a program after 1 or^ -up. reset, or
accident al new.

Home Budq«t IT) ,..*.. 14. 95

Home BudOfft CD] . .. 16. 95

Plaster Mind IT) 14. 75

Master r)jnd ll>) 16, 95

Pergonal Ledger IT* ...... ......14. 95

Pergonal Ledger Hit ..la. 95

Home Inventory ITJ.......... ..,.,.,...,.14. 95

Home Inventor y 'D>................ 1 &. 95

SYNAPSE

Fort Aoor^tlvpse ID). .......... . , **& •;*>

F-har aoh" s Curse iQl ...... **i 95

Sur -ivor ID) - . . I . I I ^£ 95

Sur v i vcr 10) , -*>, 05

Protector II [f» • "&"-;5

j Shanus ID) "6*9*

Dr ebs ID) .......... , ['. ' ] ' "^6*95

norqal (Di .~2o,l95

Sentinal (D). . . . -fa"^^

V1C-20 SOFTWA RE
&0SUB OF SL1D ELL

■ - IT 15

liold Miner through the
shafts, opening new sha*ts with

explosive charges ana picking ^p gold as
go. But be careful, the waifs may Cave i
^h'« T t ° vatjr ? Dld to th * *a^avers of
and e.,cb-nge it for cash and then return
or fonre. Four l evel s

E-Cellont Graphics (Unexpa.

9t,)
mi nt
your

the
difficulty

vie;.

^QUiaEf.^

COMPUTER CHECKBOOK.. q Qf

SPELLING FLASH.. ' * "S'o^

COMPUTER HANGMAN.... '"""*2 _ 2s

A &0MB SQUAD.. o 6*

MEMORY tHALL EMEE .... I I o - ^=

e.t.math ;_;; ■•■-■'-2'23

SEA WAR. " - S*|5

tot tutor " *- "-3-3S

TEACHER S F"ET ." " 2"o-

BATTLE FLEET " \ ...'I .. 1. ,.l . I ^ "^ ^I?!

QOmOJiPeE^SrJOtjflaE

^|£-g0 C^rAridjia

VIC Avenger 11. ^O

Supers! ct. , 11. SO

Super Alien [j grj

Jupiter Lander . * " 1 1 *50

Dr aw Pot er I . " 1 1 50

rtidnight Drive n 50

Radar Rat Race. ........... " 11 '5/1

Sargofi Chess II , .. Ilio'sO

Plnball Spectacular ...... 4*150

5uper Smash. 1 1 . 50

Cosmi c Cruncher '*"ll* 50

GorHf . , , t t 13 50

Omega Race 13I5O

Money Wars 1 1 . 50

Clowns. i-v «vi

Tenple lif Apshai ID) ,, 2*?. 95

Upper Reaches of Apshai (DI., ...14.95

air si* of ha 1 ii 1 . . . , 1 4 . 95

Eword of rargoAl (D) ..22.9S

Cru'.n. Crumble i Chomp ID)......... 22.95

Jun|JTian ID) -,-..,.,.... 2*?. 95

F-l tstop ID) 29.95

Lunar Outpost ID) 2"?. 95

Swat Rescue ID) 29. 95

Draqonriders ID) . 29.95

Silicon Warrior Id).. 29.95

Circle No 16

C-6-1 and vJC-20 are regi
Commodore Internat i onaf.

1 stered trademarks of

WILL BO N DATA .Pfr0Dy_CJTS_

Mast er hind (HK-T)

■ Master Mind IBk-D)

Star Trek ISK-T)

Star Trek ( BK-0 )..,.,.. .
F'e' tonal Ledger I16K-T).
Pereonal Ledger a&k-D).
Home Inventory IQk— TJ...
Home Inventory lEJff-DJ...

Checkmi nder (BK-TJ

Checkminder 1BK-D)

Home Budget <T)..._

Hame Budget ID)

IBPERI0R fSSMPHIGS iMPtEIM

P. O. Box 99715

Tacoma, WA 98499

(206) 845-5903

Dealer Inquiries Invited

"SUPER SLOT"

Vegas action in your own living room. Start
with 100 coins and work your way into riches (il
you can). Great color, graphics, sound and
Vegas action in this- an exciting game for your
-64'.

$14.95 cassette; $18.95 disk

"CAVERNS OF DOOM"

Explore the vast rooms, passages and mates
in this exciting adventure game. Trying to col-
lect all of the treasures that you can, and travel
through all 183 rooms to complete your venture.
$24.95 cassette; $28.95 disk

The Best (1/64 Software Your Monet Oan But!

GrtieNo 160

H'FILE

Full-Powered Data Mangement System

Easy to use Menu-Driven Screens

Complete numeric and formula capabilities

Versatile Report Generator

Merges to most major wordprocessors

Supports thousands of record-keeping

applications

WALLSTREET HICROSCOPE

Detailed fundamental price and financial

analysis of common stocks.

Each stock rated against 10 criteria.

Strong buy and sell signals

makes success a high probability.

Available with 10 year history of

Fortune 500 Companies and many more soon.

m Scf i lis.

SMART

The complete personal system featuring:

Simplified Wordprocessing

Money Management

Amortization - Loans / Savings

Record Keeping - Mail List / Home Inventory

Time Management - Calendar / Scheduling

All Programs load from a Main Menu

MUSICWRITER - 64

Musicwriter - 64 OUTPUTS SHEET MUSIC

using high resolution printer graphicslll

Create - Edit - Play Three Full Voices

Ideal professional tool for:

composers, arrangers,

musicians or vocalists. OrdeNo.67

Great learning tool for students .

Disk Software for the Commodore 64
*******************************************************************************************

CONTACT: DOUBLE E ELECTRONICS

12027 PACIFIC STREET

OMAHA NE. 68154 402-334-7870

February 1984 • COMMANDERI95

News

CORD'S "SUPERCORD"
INTERFACE AWARDED U.S.
PATENT FOR ABILITY TO LINK
COMPUTERS AND
TYPEWRITERS

Santa Ana, CA-A new era of expanded
possibilities for both computers and word
processors has been opened with the
granting to Cord Ltd. of Santa Ana, CA of
the first United States Patent for ja
computer-typewriter interface. The
design patent is for the Supercord, an in-
terface that links nine different brands of
electronic typewriters with at least twenty
different brands of computers.

The use of Supercord overcomes a ma-
jor obstacle in the purchase of either a per-
sonal computer or a typewriter. Personal
computers either lack a printer or have
had to utilize expensive printers which
were restricted to use with the computer.
Supercord combines the best of both

computer and typewriter worlds.
.

Every popular brand of computer, in-
cluding Commodore, can be used with
the Patented Supercord for connection to
a typewriter. The list of electronic
typewriters able to use the newly Patented
Supercord is equally impressive: AdleV,
Brother, Royal, Smith-Corona, Silver-Reed,
and others. Supercord is offered in a varie-
ty of combinations to enable its attach-
ment to specific computers and typewriter
models. Whether the computer calls for
an RS-232C, an IEEE-488, or a Centronics
Parallel interface, there is a Patented
Supercord to meet the need. There is even
a Supercord II which contains a 4K mem-
ory, enabling the computer to receive data
input while the typewriter is typing the
previously entered data.

Available from Cord Ltd., 1548
Brookhollow Drive, Santa Ana, CA 92705,
(714)545-1643
96ICOMMANDER • February 1984

MICRO-ED WILL DONATE
EDUCATIONAL SOFTWARE
TO PROMOTE HOME/
SCHOOL INSTRUCTIONAL
COOPERATION

Micro-Ed Incorporated, a Minneapolis-
based publisher of educational software,
will donate up to ten thousand dollars
worth of educational programs to any
elementary school library system that can
meet certain standards for strengthening
home/school cooperation in the area of
computer-assisted .instruction.

Micro-Ed's President, Thorwald
Esbensen, who in 1980 was named by Ex-
ecutive Educator Magazine as one of the
one hundred top school executives in
North America, had- this to say about his
company's proposed grant:
"One of the persistent problems for
educators and parents has been the
development of effective communication
channels between home and school. Con-
fronted now with the growth of the home
computer market, it behooves boards of
education and their administrators to res-
pond vigorously to the challenge of help-
ing families make informed decisions with
respect to the proper use of educational
software.

"Consider the present situation.
Although the initial impetus for purchas-
ing a home computer may have been
entertainment value, parents also know
that micros can teach, and they want their
children to benefit from that fact. What
they often don't know is how best to pro-
ceed. At this point, the local school system
can either offer some helpful guidance, or
stand back and let events run their
fragmented and spasmodic course.

"Micro-Ed's proposed software grant is
designed to encourage the development
of an orderly and comprehensive program
fordeating with this problem. In part, it en-
visions the establishment of a free lending
library of educational software for
families. Important guidance components

related to the regular school curriculum
would need to be established as well."

Inquiries concerning specific qualifying
standards forthis grant should be directed
to Thorwald Esbensen, President, Micro-
Ed., P.O. Box 24156, Minneapolis, Minne-
sota, 55424. The toll free telephone
number is 1-800-MICRO-ED.

FREE COMMODORE 64/PET
CATALOG OF
EDUCATIONAL SOFTWARE

K-12 MicroMedia's new 28-page Fall
1983 catalog of critically selected educa-
tional software and books for the Com-
modore 64 and PET computers will soon
be available. Over 175 recommended
items are described and offered on a free
30-day approval basis.

The catalog also contains full details and
an official entry form for K-12
MicroMedia's latest $5,000 Software
Give-away Contest. Ail 22 prizes, ranging
from $50 to $1,000 gift certificates, will be
awarded from a random drawing. No pur-
chase is required, but all entries must be
postmarked by May 1, 1984 to qualify.

The catalog is available free, upon re-
quest. Write: K-12 MicroMedia, Dept.
CM, 172 Broadway, Woodcliff Lake, N.J.
07675.

PUBLIC DOMAIN
EDUCATIONAL SOFTWARE

The 1983-1984 Educational Public Do-
main Software for Commodore Com-
puters was released in September by the
Ontario Educational Software Project.
These programs were provided mainly by
educators. The co-ordination was by a
volunteer committee of teachers and
board computer co-ordinators. This set in-
cludes 796 programs on 58 disks which
are vastly improved over the previous
public domain programs. Machine lang-
uage is used where necessary for a faster
response. Programs with sound perform
on the 64 as well as the PET, 4032 and
8032.

Some programs are similar to the
original set released last year but improved
with machine language routines for
speed. Over 15 subjects are covered with
the following major categories.

Administration
Computer Science
French
Geography
Logic and Problem

Solving
Music
Science
Utilities

Business

English

Games

Language

Mathematics

Physical and Health

Education
Technology

Seven grade levels are covered from
early childhood to college. Programs are
menu driven using drills, simulations and
games to provide a fun and interactive
path to learning.

These Public Domain Programs are
available free through user groups or
friends. If you are unable to locate these
programs through a user group or other
source, they are available from dealers
that supply Public Domain Programs and
companies specializing in Public Domain
Software.

Individual disks or the complete set of
796 programs on 58 disks with documen-
tation are available from: Software Crafts,
405 Fairhaven Dr., Hurst TX 76054. Phone
(817)656-1805.

This set of 58 disks is priced at $325.00.

COMMODORE AND MECC
COOPERATE ON QUALITY
EDUCATIONAL MATERIALS

West Chester, PA -Commodore
Business Machines, Inc. has finalized an
agreement with the Minnesota Educa-
tional Computing Consortium (MECC) for
conversion and marketing of MECC soft-
ware for the Commodore 64.

MECC will convert one hundred pro-
grams in the following subject areas:
Biology, Music, Earth Science, Social
Studies, Math, Reading, Nutrition,
Language Arts, English, Spelling, and
Computer Literacy.

MECC is an organization originally
established to assist Minnesota schools
and colleges in implementing computer
based learning. Over the past ten years, it
has developed an expertise in the educa-
tional computing field while working with
educators worldwide. It has applied that
expertise to the development of instruc-
tional computer programs that are now
part of the curriculum in thousands of
American schools.

Adaptation of the MECC programs for
use with the Commodore 64 will effec-
tively make high quality, educational soft-
ware available nationwide. For the first
time, home users of Commodore com-

puters will be able to obtain the same soft-
ware that is being used in their schools.
The programs are expected to be available
on floppy diskettes beginning in the
winter of 1983. They will be marketed by
both Commodore and MECC through
their regular distribution channels.

SCHOLASTIC CREATES
A "SOFTWARE HOTLINE"
TO KEEP EDUCATORS
"SOFTWARE SMART"

New York, NY,-ln an effort to keepgrade-
school teachers up to date on the latest
software packages, Scholastic Inc. has
created a unique toli-free hotline for
educators to provide instant access to new
software by way of a computer hook-up.
The hotline will supplement Scholastic's
1983-84 Microcomputer Instructional
Materials Catalog which is published an-
nually and mailed to more than 100,000
educators.

The hotline, which is called the
Scholastic Selectronic ; '' Catalog, provides
a computer menu of new educational
software offerings. It can be accessed with
any microcomputer and modem by dial-
ing 800-222-0093. This special Selec-
tronic T!j ' Catalog is in operation 24 hours a
day, 7 days a week. Contact Susan
Salzman, Publicity Manager, (212)
505-3477.

PUBLIC DOMAIN
SOFTWARE

1983 - 84 EDITION

\

\

£

a
z
U
cr

/

\

<te,

"*>,

^

COMPLETE SET OF
796 PROGRAMS ON
58 DISKS ONLY
$325.00

SOFTWARE CRAFTS
405 FAIRHAVEN OR
HURST, TX. 76054
(817) 656-1805

This

ev

DEALER INQUIRES WELCOME

lis is the best collection of public domain software
r er put togetner. Call or write for rare it. formation
id listing of over 2000 public domain proqrans.
COG. mastercard or visa accented

I P\ T Jl*£ sr

Circle No. 207

, s m° rE

\e6 ^

■&**:;*«***

jretW«

s^ e

13^

Fi$f *.*ssgsss

February 1984 • COMMANDERI97

SJB DISTRIBUTORS-
OWE STOP SHOPPING FOR
COMMODORE SYSTEMS.

Q commodore

NEW COMMODORE PRODUCTS

Executive 64 S Call

CBM Bl 28-80 825

B Series Software Call

WORD PROCESSING 64 Z.

NEW ■ Mirage 80 col S 95

WordPro 3VSpellrighr 79

WordPro 3* (WP) 59

Spellright (Dictionary) 39

Paper Clip 95

Easy Script (D) 35

Easy Spell (D) 19

SPECIAL - Busiwriter (CD) 39

Quick Brown Fox (R) 49

SPREADSHEETS 64 £

Calc Result • Advanced (R,D) S 120

Busicalc II - More Power! (R,D) 95

Multiplan 64 (D) 79

Calc Result - Easy (R) 70

Practicafc 64 (D) 45

Busicalc I -SPECIAL! (CD) 39

DATA BASES 64 Z.

Mirage Data Base (D) S 95

M'File (merges with WordPro) (D) . . . 89

Micro Spec Data Manager (D) 60

Codewriter (develops programs)(D). . . 95
PRODUCTS OF THE MONTH

TCS 64/80 - NEW! (D) $ 139

(WP/Data Base /Spread)

Koala Pad- NEW! 89

Delta 10 (160 cps) - NEW! 549

UTILITIES 64 Z

Vic Tree (4.0 Basic) (R) S 75

64 Super Expander (R) 25

Simon's Basic (R) 25

Cardco Printer Utility (C) 15

MS-Baekup (Back Up Data!) (D). . . , 15
ACCOUNTING 64 Z

Home Accountant (Continental) S 75

Tax Advantage (merge w/home

accountant) - NEW! 45

General Ledger, A/R, A/P, P/R, Inv.

(Into Design's Original) (D) ea.79

Numeric Keypad (Hardware) 65

Numeric Keypad (Cardco) 35

TELECOMPUTING 64 S

Vic 1650 (Auto Ans/Dial) Modem . . S 95

Vic 1600 Modem 59

Hes Modem (Downloading Software) 65

Super Term (Down load/80-128 Form). 95

Micro Term 64 (Download P/D) 39

EDUCATION 64 Z

Spelling I (Koala) (D) $ 29

Geometric (Koala) (0) 20

IJQ, Baseball (D) 25

Bible Baseball (D) 25

Happy Tutor (Typing) (D) 15

LANGUAGES 64 Z

Instaspeed Basic Compiler (D) S 99

Nevada Cobol (D) 55

Pilot (D) 45

Logo (D) 45

Assembler Development (D) 25

64 Forth (R) 40

PRINTERS - DOT MATRIX

Epson RX80 (80 cps) S 299

MX80 w/FT (80 cps) 399

FX80 (160 Cps) 549

BCIOO (160 cps) 14" width 859

Okidata 82A 429

Okidata 92 549

NEC 8023A 429

Sror Delta (160 cps)-NEW! 549

Star Gemini 10X (120 cps) 309

Star Gemini 10/15 Call

Transtar 31 5 (Hi Res., Color) 575

Micro Edge Printer Paper (540 Sheets). . 1
ESSENTIALS

Commodore 64 $ Call

1541 Disk Drive 249

1 525 Printer (80 col/DM) 225

1 530 Dafosette 65

1520 Platter/Printer (4 Color) 169

1526 Printer Call

1702 Monitor 249

CBM

8032 (80 column Pet) $ 625

SuperPet (5 languages!) 1049

8050 Dual Drive (1 mg.) 995

8250 Dual Drive (2 mg.) 1 295

9060 Hard Disk (5 mg.) 1995

2031, 170K Single Drive 295

64K Upgrade for 8032 259

SuperPet upgrade for 8032 599

4023 Printer (80 cps, 80 col) 395

8023 Printer (1 50 cps, graphics). ... 545

6400 Printer (40 cps, LQ) 1 450

LETTER QUALITY PRINTERS

Diablo 620, 25 cps S 949

Transfer 130, 16 cps - 132 col 769

Transtor 1 20, 1 4 cps - 80 col 500

MONITORS

Panasonic CT 160 (color) $ 279

Panasonic TR120 (w/spkr,green) 155

Sanyo/Amdek -Green, No Audio, 12". , . 125

BMC/Sanyo-Green, No Audio, 9" 95

Cable (For Above) A/V 15

VIC ACCESSORIES

8K RAM Expand. Cart S 40

16K RAM Expand. Cart 70

24K RAM Expand, Cart.. 105

27KRAM(ExpandsVicto1ull 32K). ... 119

3 Slot Expander 30

6 Slot Expander 70

Joystick (Wico-Red) 25

Joystick Blaster (ADR Rapid-Fire) 10

INTERFACES & ACCESSORIES

Dalo 20 80-Col. Exp $ 1 59

Mr. Computer 80-Col. Exp 60

5-SIot Exp. (64) 65

Vic Switch (connect 8 64's or Vic's

to DD/Printer) 145

Cables 3M, 6M, 1 2M for above Call

Verex (Box ol 10) 5V* Diskettes 26

Connection (Pet/6 4 graphics,2K Buffer) 99

Cardco Print * Graphics 85

Cardco Cardprint 70

MW 302 Parallel..... 65

PET/IEEE Cable (lm) 33

IEEE/IEEE Cable (lm) 49

Inferpod (Intelligent IEEE,

RS232, serial) 149

ADA 1 800 (IEEE/Parallel) 1 29

ADA 1450 (IEEE/RS232 (M/F)) 129

VISA/MASTERCARD

MONEY ORDERS

BANK CHECK

C.O.D.'s Accepted. (Add S5)
In stock items shipped within 48 hours.
F.O.B. Dallas, Texos (Texas Res., Add 5% Tax).
Products shipped with manufacturer's warranty.
Prices subject to change without notice.
S50 Minimum Order.

"Defective units must have return
authorization number and include
copy of invoice.

SJB DISTRIBUTORS INC.

10520 Piano Road, Suite 206
Dallas, Texas 75238

TO ORDER

CALL TOLL FREE

800-527-4893

800-422-1048

(Within Texas)

CATALOG

Send Postcard with Name & Address to
speed processing

Circle No 60

NOTE: SJB HAS A FULL LINE OF COMPUTER MEDIA IN STOCK, CALL OR WRITE FOR MORE INFORMATION.

Software Reviews

FORM MAKER

FOR SMALL BUSINESSES

Reviewed by Dennis Kelley

Form Generator, as the name implies, is
a program to make and calculate forms. It
can create mail lists, sales receipts,
statements, invoices, etc. Any form can be
produced, calculated and printed -one
copy or many.

The program operates in much the
same way as a spreadsheet. It is organized
by defining "cells" which contain Con-
stants, Inputs or Formulas. Cells can also
be repeated.

The format for each cell can be selected
as either numeric or text. The cell is then
positioned simply by assigning a number,
for example, entering the number 50.12
will print the information on line 5© at col-
umn 12. Labels such as "Quant * Price"
are applied to the numeric cells and are
used for formulas. The program can multi-
ply, divide, add, subtract and sum.

A master menu of commands makes
the program easy to use, and Technical
Notes are available which help the user
enhance and customize it.

Control of print format is limited to set-
ting margins, number of columns, lines
per page and number of copies. Non-
Commodore printers can be used with a
compatible interface, but features such as
doublestrike or condensed print are not
supported. Adding a printer set-up
routine is a good place for the user to start
modifying the program.

Once a form has been designed it can
be saved to either tape or disk. Forms can
be retrieved, and data that had been sav-
ed with the form can be retained on
defauit.

Documentation consists of seven pages
of instructions and examples, along with
two sample files, Pricetag and Invoice.
Pricetag is simply a pricelist with a retail

price and a calculated discount price. In-
voice is noteworthy because the instruc-
tions say it demonstrated every feature of
Form Generator.

Sim Computer Products offers this pro-
gram on each cassette/disk for both the
Commodore 64 and the VIC-20 + 8K (1 6K
expansion is recommended).

Performance is outstanding for such an

inexpensively priced program.

"Form Generator"

SIM COMPUTER PRODUCTS, INC.

1100 E. Hector St.

Whitemarsh PA. 19428

Commodore 64/VIC-20 + 8K

Tape $29.95 Disk $34.95

A DEBUGGER GAME

Reviewed by Robert T. Parr

Killer Filler is a high-resolution arcade-
type game from Castle Software, it comes
on tape or disk for the Commodore-64,
and requires a joystick.

The theme of Killer Piller is similar to that
of the arcade game Centipede. You con-
trol a "bug sprayer" that moves horizon-
tally and vertically along the bottom of the
screen. The "killer piller" moves across the
screen, eating as many of the trees that
make up your "orchard" as it can. As it
eats up trees, its body gradually gains
segments. Every now and then, it will lay

eggs in the orchard, which eventually turn
into moths that attack your sprayer. By
pressing the fire button on the joystick,
you are able to "spray" the bugs, if you
"spray" the piller in one of the middle
segments of the body, then it will split. You
can eliminate the moths by hitting them
with a shot from the sprayer. If the piller
eats up all of your trees, or you get hit too
many times by the moths, then you lose.

There are 7 screen levels and 2 difficulty
levels. You are given 3 sprayers per level
while in the Novice setting, but the Ad-
vanced level allows only 3 sprayers per
game. However, bonus sprayers are
awarded at 20,000 and 70,000 points, I
like the difficulty option, as it allows
beginning players to achieve some suc-
cess, but maintains a challenge for more
skilled players.

The game will pause if any key is press-
ed, then restart with another keystroke.
Player movement is very responsive. The
bright graphics and sound effects are
some of the best I have seen for the C-64.

Overall, l feel that Killer Piller is a very
well written game that should provide
entertainment for many Commodore 6^
owners.

"Killer Piller"
CASTLE SOFTWARE

P.O. Box 350

New Castle, DE 19720

Commodore 64 (Joystick required)

Cassette $9.99 Disk $12.75

A DAY AT THE RACES

Reviewed by Dennis Kelley

Kentucky Derby is a new game which
takes you and your friends {up to three) to
the track. You make your bets to win,
place or show after examining the odds. If
you are undecided, the program even has

February 1984 • COMMANDERI99

a help feature where you can get advice
from Hot Tip Sam.

When all the bets are down, you hear
the familiar "Call to the races" trumpeted
and then the six horse field is off with a
gallop.

The sound and graphics realistically
simulate a horserace with the jockeys
changing lanes and some horses falling
back while others advance. Heading into
the fourth turn, you begin to anticipate
your horse making his move for the final
stretch. As the horses cross the finish line
you start doing the mental arithmetic on
how much you won or how much you'll
have to bet in the next race to get even.

Your math doesn't have to be perfect,
since the program automatically calcu-
lates your winnings (or loses) at the end of
every race and adjusts your bank. You start

FlY

Your
Computer

FLIGHT SIMULATOR GAM ES

Sky Pilot (8K VIC-20; $18.00

Runway 20 (16K VIC-20) $25.00

Runway 64 (Commodore 64) $25.00

Micro-Pilot (EPSON HX-20) $18.00

ADD $2°° FOR DISK VERSION

TORPEDO/-

Submarine Battle Games

8K VtC-20 or Commodore 64 $25.00

SUSIE SOFTWARE

709 Wtlshire Dr. MJ Prospect, IL 600S6

(312) 394-5165

Circle No. lag

the game with $100andyoucan borrow
from the track, but be forewarned that
Hot Tip Sam is not the most reliable of
touts.

An unusual feature of this Inside Basic
series of programs from Sim Computer
Products is a promise to mail you Technical
Notes when you send in the owner regis-
tration card. Armed with a program over-
view, suggested changes, user instruc-
tions and variable charts, you are en-
couraged to customize and expand the
program.

Graphics and sound are nicely imple-
mented and are very similar for both the

N KVLIGHT

22 B MILLERSTREET, BELFAST MAINE01915

(207)338-1410
CBM-64 SOFTWARE

EPYX/AUTOMATED SIMULATIONS

JUNPIMKi it) DiHerenl kr»m. Climb Jump Fall. Grtol Action Gams 11 J, 91

CRUIrl CRUMBLE 1 CHOMP! Action Anna* Gome S3J.fl

TtMPLE Of AKHAI: Grophic roniasy Ad* . Create 4 Eqtjic* yajr Charottw S 11.49
UPPER REACHES OF APSHAt: Add New Challenges to Temple Aa»enlure. S 1 7.99
SWORD Of FAGOAl' Nen gfDphiC oaV from the author of lerT^e of Apihai 111.99

SPINNAKER

FACEMAKER: Kids design a fact I mfike if do fill kinds of neat things. $34.44

KINDTRCUrVLP: Ycung Children Mofth Shcpes & Letters. Draw Picture* 114.94

STORY MACHIHE: CompuTer Animates Child's Siofy on the Screen . , 434,94

MIT DIDDLE 01DDLI: 30 Ctaisk Hymei with Full Color Graphics . SH.94

IN SEARCH W THE MOST AMAZING THING: Groove advent ure lor bdi S3 2.94

SHOOPlRTROOK I: Kids Leorn As They Solve The Punle S3B.V4

SYNAPSE SOFTWARE

Htt*0AH r S Cimsi! Avoid Homo 5 Gnos? & Find Lost TreaiUf! ViC-'6*. 539.99
SURVIVOR: Multi-Player CooperoTive Spoce Advert) ure. Viic/ M . , . . iH.tl
SHAMUS: Fcuf Levels af 32 Rooms, AdVMtWI Gome Vic'ftA Sit. 99

FT. APOCALTPSL: fly Helicopter & Ccplure Fuel A Weopom. V [. 4-1 , 529.99
PB0T1CTOB II: Get Yew People 'o SAfetv m Volcanoes £ru(j+ Vic M 539.99

— HEW FROM STAR MICRONICS —

SO COLUMN THERMAL PRINTER
NOW. A PRINTER THAT YOU CAN AFFORD. 60 CP$- friction Feed;
ttock: Grrjrjiri cs. Bi D.rectiorol PfW H«d. ASGi * European cJiCTKiers

ONLY S154.99 P a 58J SNppl imdH
GEMINI-1G PRINTER ONLY S299-99 Pta s:O0O S h

AVALON HILL GAME COM PAIMY

MIDWAY; RssrrKte This Irrcja-ranf WWII Ncvri BcTtle On Your Screen . 51 S.99
NUHIWAt: Eefaiiote Against Enenv 1ST Strike, Con You Gel Through SI 3.99
BI BOMBER: Strategic Attack {>n Eneffly HctrrttkYVj, A Reel Spirw Chiler 513.99
TTJiWOASD: LVigeon Fantasy Adv. You 'II be weeks rnaster-ng this on*. Sit. 99.
T.O. I.F. ; Hod a Hard Week of the Office? Un^ad With Thtj 531,9)

HESMDN b4: Machine Languoge Manitsr fx the C-6A S33.9?

HIS WRITER A4: SirnpJe Word Processing on o Cartridge S3&.94

TURTUGMWK3ll:SijT^eGra^LorfwgeTwr>« SAB. 99

GJIIDRUMNER: You've never seen Jomuth action on your screen. 30 levels 511.99

RETROBALL: Fast Aciion Arcade Gam* . , 5J3.99

HE MODEM: Direct connect Modem incl. Midwest Mttros Term wftmre . 5*4.99

WE HAVE COMMODORE'S COMPLETE EDUCATION LIBRARY
FOR THE PET/CBM-64. OVER 600 PROGRAMS ON 50 DISKS.
^jLn^9nDt$>L5ENr^2J0r^

100/ COMMANDER • February 1984

— MISCELLANEOUS —

GAMES ON THE COMMO MM M: Booh of ELosiC listings tor Gomel .
KIK AND THE COMMODORE 44: The belt basic lemftj {sade fof kids .
THE ELf MEKTART COMMODORE* lecm tte Basics sf Qsmmooore Balic
DAVID'S MIDHIGHT MAGIC: Pin Ball like you ye never seen before -
•OBBERt OF THE LOST JOMl: Grophit Adventure Gome

WAU STIEE1: Slock Market Simulation

MOHET MAMAOEP; Plon t eiecule o bjdjet wilh help from your 64
IIECIRONIC C«EC««0(«: Bllonce Your Checkbook AutDmalicollr . .

DATA MANAGER: Lh* For lists Inventories. Etc

PAPERCLIP! Professional Word Processing-Horizontal Scroll . .

DELPHI'S DIACLi: Povyedul Doto Bole, Up to 1000 CharJSKOrd . .
WINTER'S ASSISTANT: POIBflU St 3ased Word Pl0cei5DI Ei
FILING ASSISTANT: 1,13 VarajBHwn tor HI your needs M
SPREADSHEET ASSIS1ANT . I :,;' :".-.:< fct me 64
COMM9D0HE LOGO: i-,.i-lo Aople 101)0 61
MANILLA PILOT: [ r-y 10 use 13000400 VIC Or 64
P€T EMULATOH: Run many PET proc-ams on 64

IU5INISSMAN BICMS; General Ledger, Runs on I Disk. SA

BILL PAYER BYCMJ: Accounts Payable Aging Reports, Print Checks
BltL COLIE0OR BTCMS: Accounts Receivable, Prim Statements. . .
PAYMASTER BtCMS: Payroll System. Print checks, Payroll register

Circle No, 38

Ml

11T.M

• 11.91

SIv.v!
S11.99

• 11.99
•11.99

SIl.vS
511,99
•1(9. 99
Sill. 99
SSS99
S69 95
559 99
•49 99
SZ799
S19 99

expanded VIC-20 and the C-64 versions.
Each disk or cassette contains both ver-
sions, so if you upgrade from VIC to 64,
you can still spend the day at the track.
"Kentucky Derby"
SIM COMPUTER PRODUCTS, INC.
1100 E. Hector St.
Whitemarsh, PA 19428
Commodore 64/VIC 20 + 8K
Tape $19.95 Disk S24.95

VIC-20 SOFTWARE

BRODERBUND SOFTWARE

A.Li Giant Robot Sli.ng.rayi At Tact InWcrvev. AGrcphrc Maitivpipr.e S3 1.99

SEAFOK: Clou!,- Submarine Versus Surface Ship BuTlle S3I.99

SKr BLAZER: Ne* AcTion Spo:* Adventure S3 1 .94

MARTIAN RAIDER: hfergalacTc Ships In AlfocVlDn Mors 51*. 94

SHARK TRAPi Sng-re The Shores In Tovr Atomic Net Or Die Si 6.99

MU1TI SOUND iTHTHISISlR: Create Your Own Compoiifiani SI 6.99

SIERRA ON-LINE SYSTEMS

CANiVONrUll BLITZ: Gimb Thru 3 Stales of Action to Defeat Red Coats 53h99

CREEPY CORRIDORS: Action Graphic Adventure S 21.99

JAWBREAKER II: Everything Moves Even The Walls 528.99

LUNAR LHPIRt ReKua Your Friends & Head For The Eye 511.99

THIASHOtDs Survive 74 Levels of Intruding Aliens 531.99

CROSSFIRE: Defeat Surrounding Aliens with Dwindling Amnta . V; t4 51,6.99

rilP-N-MATCHiConeenlraTicnForTheVIC 516.99

ULTIMA- ESCAPE TO MT. DRASM: Graphic AdvenTure - - 516.99

SKYLIGHT SOFTWARtH

TAPE #1 - Canon Duei - B*eakout - RunarounrJ - Stocxcar
TAPE #2 - Target Piste* - Space Duoi -B2S- Tanit - R^uiotk
TAPE #3 - Sub Hun|- Birxkafle - Indy 500 - UFO - Ju-nq-e Dnver
VIC IAPES S9.99 ta lb GAMES 0!J ONE TAPE 519.99
NEW COMMODORE E4 LIBRARY Ot5K ONLY.. 51:) 99
B0MBE.R - POKER - BLACKJACK - 3D MAZE - TREASURE
ISLE ADV - 44 DATA MANAGER — SPRITE AID
FLIGHT SIMULATOR - 3 MILE ISLAND

T4FSOFTWARE

WORD SEARCH: Find Hidden Words, 3 OifferefiT Cotegores SlS.99

SPORT SEARCH: Hidden Words, Pro Teams College Teams Games .516.99

ARCA&E SEARCH: Hidden Words. 3 Categories SIS-.49

CHKKIASE: lb Budget Car Multiple Ar.counTi-ReCOf.ciie 530.99

DEMON ATTACK: Destroy Tne Demons ATlaekingTherVjon SSl.99

ATLANTIS: Defend UnderwaTEf City from Gorgon ArtBcfc 53 1 .99

NOVA BLAST: Defend 4 Capsuled dties. 8eom Fuel & Shields. .... 531.99
DRACONFIRE: Cross Bridge Dodging frogonfire — Avnil. OcT. E3 .531 .99
MOOtCWnPW: RescjeM'Teri Trooped on Jua.rer rVt«xii Avail H S3 531.99
FATHOM; Find Neptune* TridenT, Rescue Mermaid. Avail. Nov. 83 531 .99

fRlNCISS AND NOG; Like Frc-gger - freer Graphics !. An.mot.crt . 531.99

AHTEATER: Get Food Bock To Your Colony it DesTroy Anteater 53 1 .99

TT?0: Increase Word Poweri Typing Stills — Aciion Gome 531.99

HEMPEaED:RuleTheRoos.QrB*Heri-Pec«ed 53*. 99

WWII RID: Combines Fost Ice H«key end Learning 531.99

— MISCELLANEOUS —

OUICK BROWN FOX: PtfeKSwaJ Wofd P-ocessnq Carl VlC. 6i 540.99
TOTL TEXT 2.0: Cass - Baste Word Processor vX'64 $19.99
TOTL TEXT 2.5: Cass -AihiocedWordP'ocesMr-Req SKEip $59.99
TOTL LABEL: C*M - Mailing Lis! . . . VIC/61 $16.99
RESEARCH ASSISTANT: Cass -tote*eep»ig lor Term Papers, ec $24.99
ROAD TOAD: Cass - Ilea FrOgger .... S 16.99

HRJJPEDE: Cass - bus CefBtoeOe . Si a. 99

HANGMAN: Classic Word Gone With Graphics 54. 99

METEOR: L.keAiTetoids S9.99

SRI RUN: Downihill Racing Slalom Rociftg 51<S,99

ROAU PAD: Touch pod wVdtihbcsedMfoig^ 114.9*

JOYSTJCKi: Bat hanrj:i>-2 '.'p du^ci-s-S ea! s*-:cn assemsy $ 2A.99

REDBALL JOVSTiCK: Heavy duty version o( aoova $ 29.99

JOYSTICK DELUXE: Rugged heavy duty-arcade quality ... t 33.99

reACKBAU:FT>erio."COaB-360oeg . mcwerTV^r-Arcade quariy $ 54.99

12 FOOT EXTENSION; E^efti COrd of any Alan-hm LTLTilTOlier S 7.49

— CARDCO-

CARDBOARD 6: 6 Sot Escans.cn
CAROPRINT: Para: e! Pnnler Interface lor Vc or 64
CARORITER: Ligfll Pen * In 6 gOOO programs, Vic or 64
CARDADAPTER: Play Alan VCS Games on your Vc
CARDBOARD 3S: slot exp -lused-swilcned-ressl baton
CARDETTE 1: Use slanda'd cassene recoroers on VIC . .
ADD $2.00 FOR SHIPPING & HANDLING

179.99
564.99
til. 9«
W4.99
111.49
111.99

Pfl ICES REFLECT

CASH DISCOUNT

ADD3°.FOH

CREDIT CARDS

VISA'

fPle asfliridudeall Cardlnforrnaijon)
kssssssssssa L - lia ic Wain* redeems *mmm

SEND FOR FREE LIST OF OVER 200 ITEMS
PLEASE SPECIFY VIC-20 OR CQMMODORE-64

BASIC ELECTRONIC BUSINESS SYSTEMS, INC.

SOFTWARE FOR 8032 OR 4032 WITH 2031, 8050

OR 4040

COMMODORE 64 WITH 1541

General Ledger

300 Chart Accounts * 700 J/E * Detail G/L & Income
Statement * Budget Variance Statement * Trial Balance *
Cash Flow Analysis * Balance Sheet Journals *

Payroll System

300 Employees YTD * Employee Wase Analysis *
Employee Time Card Lists * W-2 Forms * 941 Reports * Pre-
payment Register * Labels Work Comp. Report & Check
Resister * Payroll Checks * 50 Hourly Employees *

Accounts Payable

Open Invoices (300) * Vendor Report * Purchases Journal *
Pre-Payment Register * Cash Need Projection *

Accounts Receivable

Customer List (300) * Sales Journals * Customer Sales
History * Statements * Labels * Open Invoice (300) * In-
voice Income Projection *

Inventory

Quantity On Hand * Quantity Purchased * Quantity Sold,
"5" Purchased & "S" Sold (MTD & YTD) * Inventory Alert *
Valuation (Retail & by last cost) * Listing by part number *
Limit 999 per disk *

The above for 8032 or 4032 S129.00ea.

The above for C-64 S 79.95ea,

All for 8032or 4032 S495.00

All for C-64 witn1541 S295.00

Each module includes the logic to allow posting to the G/L.
Each module may be used as a stand alone system or a total
system. Please specify format.

COMMODORE 64 SOFTWARE

GAMES
HUNTER/KILLER graphic submarine adventure

(T&D)
JUMPMAN 30 screens-best arcade game yet

(T&D)
JUMPMAN JR (Carl)
ESCAPE MCP fantastic maze game 10 screens

(T&D)
SUPERCUDA mull screen Pac-man type game

(T&D)
PEGASUS ODYSSEY colorlul-graphic-chalienging

(T&D)
OMEGA RACE popular arcade game comes home
(T&D)

BUSINESS
DATA BASE MANAGER up to 1200 files per disk reg. 99.95 now 79,95
GENERAL LEDGER can chart up to 350 accounts reg. 149.95 now 99.95
ACCOUNTS REC. interactive with a(p. gl &

payroll
ACCOUNTS PAY interactive with a/r, gl &

payroll
PAYROLL interactive with a/r. a/p, & gl
EASY SCRIPT word processor

UTILITIES
ASSEMBLER 64
LOGO
PILOT

HOME UTILITIES
ELECTRONIC CHECKBOOK
FORGET-ME-NOT electronic calendar
MONEY MANAGER budgel planner

reg. 19.95 now 14,95

reg. 33.95 now 28.95

reg. 39-95 now 28.95

reg. 23.95 now 19,95

reg. 23.95 now 19.95

reg. 23.95 now 19.95

reg. 19.95 now 16.95

reg. 149.95 now 99.95

reg. 149.95 now 99.95

reg.149.95 now 99.95

reg. 69.95 now 49.95

reg. 29 95 now 19,95

reg. 69.95 now 59,95

reg. 69.95 now 39.95

reg, 29,95 now 24.95

reg. 24.95 now 19.95

reg. 24.95 now 19.95

Send check or money

order. COD add $2.00.

Shipping S1.50

278 Warren Street
Edgewater Park N.J. 06010

pyramid

Tel. 609-3B6-9353

Circle No, 140

computerware

COMMODORE OWNERS

Join the world's largest, active Commodore
Owners Association.

Client Accounting

Everything a bookkeeper needs to keep books for a typical
small business client. Includes all features on G/L plus the
ability to produce disbursement registers, 941 -B Forms and
W-2 Forms.

The above for 8032 or 4032 S179.00

The above for C-64 , $129.95

BMC BX Printer (80 cps dot mat.) S299.00

BMCPB-401 Daisy Wheel -16 cps S729.00

The Connection (printer interface)

forC-64orVIC20 S 89.00

Printer Interfacefor 8032-4032 S1 49.00

Amdek Color I s with cable S299.00

BMC ColorMonitor with cable $249.00

Model1540to1541Romconverter S 64.95

Commodore 8032 Computer S619.00

Commodore 8050 Disk Drive $975.00

TO ORDER CALL (713) 530-2515 cm no. ss

M.C. or Visa Add 3%

B.E.B. SYSTEMS, INC.

11430 Bissonnet, C-7, Houston, TX 77099

DEALER INQUIRIES INVITED

Access to thousands of public domain programs
on tape and disk for your Commodore 64, VIC 20
and PET/CBM.

' Monthly Club Magazine

• Annual Convention
- Member Bulletin Board
• Local Chapter Meetings

Send $1.00 for Program Information Catalogue.
(Free with membership).

Membership
Fees for
12 Months

Canada — $20 Can.
U.S.A. — $20 U.S.
Overseas — $30 U.S.

Toronto Pet Users Group inc.

Department "D"

191 2 A Avenue Road, Suite 1

Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5M 4A1

* LET US KNOW WHICH MACHINE YOU USE

Circle No. 45

VIDEO INSTRUCTION TAPES!

CAT#

BP-3
BP-4
DIO-1
DIO-2

TOPIC

LEARNING C-64 BASIC
LEARNING VIC-20 BASIC
COMMODORE 64 DISK I/O
VIC 20 DISK I/O

PICTURES ARE WORTH

THOUSANDS OF WORDS AND SAVE

HOUR OF FRUSTRATION

Programming BASIC V.I.S. tape includes:

Shows basic language programming, using commands such

as IF, READ, DATA, LET, GOTO, INPUT, etc. Instruction

proceeds to intermediate level with commands such as LEN,

MIDS, LEFTS, RIGHTS, CHR, etc.

Also demonstrates advanced logical and mathematical

functions. Includes example programs.

VHS or BETA FORMAT only $49.95

STEP BY STEP
INSTRUCTIONS

USE YOUR VCR SIDE BY SIDE WITH YOUR
COMPUTER TO LEARN HOW TO PROGRAM
INBASICANDH0WTOUSETHE1541 DISK
DRIVE. WHY SPEND DAYS WITH A MANUAL
WHEN YOU CAN LEARN MORE IN A FEW
HOURS WITH YOUR VCR. REVIEW AND
LEARN AT YOUR OWN PACE.

APPROX RUNTIME

2 HR

2 HR

1 HR45 MIN

1 HR45 MIN

Disk I/O Tapes include RANDOM, RELATIVE, SEQUENTIAL
disk read and write. Also explains load, save, new, copy, scratch,
initialize, validate, error channel, command channel, and rename
in both the standard and wedge syntax. Explains the verify,
open print #, input #, get #, status BAM commands. Lesson
includes several programs and a large checkbook program.

EACH TAPE

FLOPPY DISK STORAGE UNIT
PROTECT 'N' STORE

• 7 PLASTIC DIVIDERS

• MODULAR DESIGN

• STACKABLE

• LABLES INCLUDED

• STORES 30 5" DISKETTES

• $19.95 EACH Retail Price

ORDER 1 FOR
GET 2ND FOR

$19.95
$ 9.95

2 FOR ONLY

A $39.90 VALUE!

$29.95

DEALER INQUIRIES WELCOME

UNIQUE DESIGN WITH PULL OUT
DRAWER FOR FILING EASE

VERBATIM
DATALIFE

5V* IN DISKETTES

5 YEAR WARRANTY

DOUBLE DENSITY

SINGLE SIDED

ONLY

$25.00

BOX OF TEN

Orders taken 9:00 a.m. - 6:00 p.m. Central Time Add $3.00 per order for shipping and handling

LYNN COMPUTER SERVICE

6831 West 157th Street Tinley Park, Illinois 60477
(312)429-1915

VIC-20 AND COMMOOOBE 84 ABE TRADEMARKS OF COMMODORE BUSINESS MACHINES. INC

f \

[master charge]

BankAmericard

VISA

"^^^^^^VJ

Circ e No. 70

80 COLUMNS!
25 LINES!

A FULL PROFESSIONAL DISPLAY

for

Commodore 64

with

Screenmaker™

VIDEO DISPLAY GENERATOR

mem town ia&w \aetm amem mm* uwn auxnm

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Screenmaker™
$149.95

Copy-Writer™

WORD PROCESSOR

$79.95
Combination -

Screenmaker™ and
Copy-Writer

$1 99.95

Screenmaker'" is a video display generator module that plugs into the expansion port of
the Commodore 64. It provides a full 80 characters on each line of the display. With
Screenmaker'", video displays will appear the same as printer output. Twice the
information is available on the screen. Word Processing is easier. Trial printouts are
eliminated. Forms and reports can be setup faster.

WORD PROCESSING WITH 80 CHAR/LINE

Copy-Writer'" is a full feature professional WORD PROCESSOR designed to work with
the Screenmaker" video generator module. This combination provides a full profession-
al display as well as the features of the best word processors and more. This includesf ull
screen editing, double columns, shorthand, left margin, right margin, centering, a variety
of paging controls, page size controls, footers, headers, auto page numbering, special
printer feature control, graphics capability, and more! Copy-Writer" is written in FORTH
and has a large text buffer allowing over 700 (40 col.) lines in memory.

*- cgrs B ^ B ^ BB ^ B _ BHaMHB __

[MICROTECH)

P.O. Box 102

LANGHORNE, PA 19047

215-757-0284

DEALERS-

CALLUSIWEHAVE
A DEAL FOR YOU.

Circle No. 6

_J£m erica n ft fa etc
Software Go.
P.O. R< 4137

Jfrt'ina, LfexiU 75061

VIC-20 & C-64 HARDWARE

LIGHT PEN $17.95

The RIGHT Pen at the LIGHT Price! (VIC-20
or C-64. Disk or Tape)

DATA PAD $44.95

Sixteen keys, all programmable, Driver uses
only 300 bytes! The most versatile Pad at ANY
Price! (VIC-20 or C-64, Disk or Tape)

P0RTA-START $1495

End the disappointment of locked up Programs
forever! Just Press the built in resel button,
load and run the included Program, and your
Program is back and ready to go! (VIC-20 or
C-64, Disk or Tape)

HEW! C-64 EXPANDO-BOARD NEW!. . .$39.95
Four slots, switch selectable, gold contacts!
(C-64 only)

VIC-20 SOFTWARE

MASTER WIND $9.93

Great Puzzte! (13k. Dick or Tape)

STAR TREK $9.95

Oldest adventure jame! (13k, Disk or Tape)

CHECKMINDER $12.95

Manage your checkbook. (13k, Disk or Tape)

NEW! PERSONAL DATABASE NEW! ....$19.95
Keep all your records straight! (13k, Disk or
Tape)

NEW! PERSONAL LEDGER HEW! $19.95

Manage a homo business! (13k Disk or Tape)

C-64 SOFTWARE

REVENGE OF THE KL1NG0NS $19.95

Beautiful graphics, startling sound, a great
one! (Disk or Tape)

STARGUARD $14.95

Real outei space shoot em up! (Disk or Tape)

MASTER MIND $14.95

Great Puzzle! (Disk or Tape)

NEW! PERSONAL DATABASE NEW!. .. .$19.95
Keep all your records straight! (Disk or Tape)

HEW! PERSOHAL LEDGER NEW! $19.95

Manage a home business! (Disk or Tape)

NEW! INVENTORY CONTROL SYSTEM

NEW! $44.95

A very thorough inventory for a small to
medium sized business (Disk only)

NEW! PAYROLL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

NEW! $44.95

Handles all facets of your payroll. Taxes.

overtime. Printed reports. W2's, Paychecks,

and more! (Disk only)

All our Products come with a written lifetime

warrantee!

Visa, Master Card,. Check, or Money Order

Gladly Accepted!

C.O.D.'s add $2.00 for handling

Send $1.00 $ SASE for Catalog.
Circle Mo. 161

NEW-

These items are selected from the large
number of product announcements sent
to us by manufacturers and advertisers.
They are presented solely as an informa-

tional service to our readers, and do not
necessarily constitute product endorse-
ments or recommendations.

DON'T LAUGH

Silly Industries of Sherman Oaks,
California, announces the release of its
new "Silly Software" line. Silly Software is
"non-functional, non-competitive and.
non-useful-its only purpose is to enter-
tain," according to Silly Executive Torn
Hensley.

Hensley, who doubles as a pianist, ar-
ranger and songwriter for singer Neil Dia-
mond, described the firm's first release
"Silly 64", as "a sort of Silly Sampler of
what the silly people here are up to."

It includes such options as "Sillypoem",
which creates random poetry using
operator input; "Silly data", which screens
a series of meaningless but impressive
graphs; "Sillycrisis", which simulates the
destruction of the computer; and "Annoy-
ing Repetitious Message", which is just
what the name implies.

Hensley declined to elaborate on future
Silly Software releases, because "there
may be people out there who are silly
enough to want to steal our ideas, "but in-
dicated that "we intend to get stranger as
we go along."

He also stressed that Silly Software is-
only available for the Commodore 64.
"Anyone who would buy an Apple or one
of the other overpriced dinosaur compu-
ters in this day and age has reached a
transcendental level of silliness that's way
beyond anything we have to offer," he
noted.

Silly 64 is priced at $19.95 and is ex-
clusively distributed on this planet by DES-
SOFi; a division of DES Data Equipment
Supply, 8315 Firestone Boulevard, Dow-
ney, California 90241 .

Hensley pointed out that many com-
panies were screened before the choice of
DES was made. "We wanted a company
located in a silly-sounding town, and
Downey was a logical choice," he pointed

OUt. Circle No. 250

104/COMMAWDffi • February 1984

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PRACTICALC
PLUS™ FOR VIC-20

Computer Software Associates of Ran-
dolph, MA has announced the availability
of PractiCalc Plus, a spreadsheet program
for the VIC-20. Requiring a 16K RAM ex-
pander, this second generation of Prac-
tiCalc offers the advanced functions of
high resolution graphics and an inherent
data base manager.

PractiCalc Plus allows the user to have
numbers instantly converted into histo-
grams (bar graphs) by depressing a single
key.

The built-in data base manager allows
for sort and search routines, arranging
data in numerical or alphabetical order,
maintaining and searching files of
customers, phone numbers, recipes, etc.

PractiCalc Plus is useful for preparing
budgets and business projections; keep-
ing track of expenses, investments and in-
ventory; detailing salespersons' activities,
etc. It carries a suggested retail price of
$49.95 in both tape and disk formats.
For additional information contact:

Circle No. 251

Micro Software international, Inc.

The Silk Mill

44 Oak Street

Newton Upper Falls, MA 02164

(617) 527-7510

STOCK BRIEF-64

A disk-based filing system for recording
securities transactions on C-64, CBM
4032 and 8032 has seven User Friendly
commands: BUY-SELL-VALUATE-EDIT-
LIST-DIRECTORY-QUIT, with automatic
file updating and hard copy available on all
transactions. It supports multiple files with
easy disk directory, computes dividend
yield, and allows current stock prices to be
entered to see "results if" shares were to
be sold.

Price: $50.00 Post Paid. Available from:
MYSTIC SOFTWARE

P.O. BOX 25 Circle No. 252

MYSTIC, CT 06355

PASCAL FOR

C-64 FROM ABACUS

For those C-64 owners who have been
waiting for the popular Pascal language,
Abacus Software brings you ZOOM Pascal
64.

This version is fast running because it
produces 6502 machine language, not
P-code, and gives you the programming
convenience of a structured high-level
language, Data types include floating
point reals, integers, strings and scalars.
You can access conventional text files on
disk or tape.

The ZOOM Pascal 64 package consists
of:

• EDITOR - so you can create, save and
modify your Pascal source language
statements

• COMPILER - to translate the Pascal
source language statements into in-
termediate code

• TRANSLATOR - to translate the in-
termediate code into actual 6502
machine language

• Comprehensive user's manual

• Sample programs to show you how

to get the most from ZOOM Pascal

64

ZOOM Pascal 64 only on diskette for

$39.95. Available from your local dealer or

directly from:

ABACUS Software
P.O. Box 7211
Grand Rapids, Ml 49510
(616)241-5510

Circle No. 253

BEHIND THE 8K BALL

POOL brings the billiard parlor to your
home without the smoke-filled room.
Written for eitherthe C-64 orVIC-20 (with
8K expander), POOL uses high resolution
graphics, and allows you to play either
nine-ball or straight-pool. You control the
speed and angle of the cue ball from the
keyboard. Take your shot, watch the balls
roll and then listen to the clatter as they hit
each other.

POOL-64 or POOL-20 on cassette
($14.95) or diskette ($17.95). Available
from your local dealer or directly from:
ABACUS Software
P.O. Box 7211
Grand Rapids, M! 49510

(616)241-5510 Circle No. 254

BOOK FOR THE
COMMODORE 64

The ANATOMY OFTHE COMMODORE
64 is aimed at Commodore 64 owners
who want to better understand micros. It
is a 300-page, detailed guide to the lesser
known features of the C-64.

Here's an outline of the contents:

1 . Machine Language Programming
on the Commodore 64.

2. The Next Step -Assembler
Language Programming

3. A Close-Up Look at the Commodore
64

4. Music Synthesizer Programming

5. Graphics Programming

6. Basic From a Different Viewpoint

7. Comparison of the VIC-20 and the
Commodore 64

8. Input and Output Control

9. ROM Listings

Soft cover $19.95. Available from your
local dealer or directly from:

ABACUS Software ardeNaas

P.O. Box 7211

Grand Rapids, Ml 49510

(616)241-5510

VARIETY FROM ARFON

Arfon Micro announces the release of
three new programs for the VIC-20 and
Commodore 64.

MicroBase is a data base and mailing
label/report generator for the VIC-20 and
Commodore 64. It allows up to 12 fields
per record, up to 80 characters per field,
and up to 176 characters per record. It
allows you to sort by any field using any of
seven different alpha, numeric, or charac-
ter match parameters. With MicroBase
you will be able to print mailing labels,
reports, inventories, and more. Suggested
retail prices are $29.95 for cassette and
$34.95 for disk.

Microterm 64 is a terminal communica-
tions program for the Commodore 64.
With Microterm 64 you will be able to
download incoming files to disk, tape, or
printer, and upload and transmit files from
tape or disk. Suggested retail prices are
$39.95 for cassette and $44.95 for disk.

Baldor's Castle is a fast-moving real time
graphic adventure for the VIC-20. Can you
fight off nine different types of monsters
with just your bare hands, or will you need
bow and arrow, magic sword, potions
and more to steal Baldor's gold? The castle
contains more than 70 rooms on three
levels. Fast on-screen graphics make this
the adventure of a lifetime (if you live!).
Program is on cartridge and is more fun
with a joystick. Suggested retail price is
$29.95. An advanced version for the
Commodore 64 is scheduled for release in

j_

m

COMMODORE64*

Ob The OMME

No marter which direction you wish ro travel in, experience
the advantage of computer communications with The
SMART 64 Terminal. Discover the program that puts you
on the Right Rood to: Public-Access Networks, University
Systems, Private Company Computers and Financial Services.

The SMART 64 Terminal designed with Quality-Bred features.
Affordable Pricing . . . And Service.

So why not travel the communications highways the SMART way!
Accessories included:

/

/

Suggesreo

$39.95

Re;oi

a

a
a

a

Selective Sroroge of Received

Daro,

Alarm Timer.

40 or 80 Col. Operation*.

Auro-Dial.

a

□
□

D

D

□

User-Defined Function Keys.
Screen Colors. Printer and
Modem Setting.

Screen Print.
Disk Wedge Built-in!

□ Adjustable transmit/receive tables allow custom requirements. These and othet features make The 5MAR T64 Terminal
the besr choice for grond touring telecommunications.

Formatted Lines.
Review, Rearrange. Print Files
Sends Receives Programs and
Files of ANY SIZE.

"Commodore 64 registered trademark
of Commodore Business Machines Inc

'Supports 30 column cctndge
bv Doto 20 Corporation

Circle No. 173

Dealer Availability
Call (203) 389-6083

MICROTECHNIC

^SOLUTIONS*

P.O. BOX 2940, New Haven, Ct. 065 1 5

February 1984 • COMMANDER 1105

the fall of 1983 and will have more than
250 rooms with 10 levels and the option of
designing your own castle. It will be
available on disk.

Programs may be ordered directly from
Arfon Micro, 1 1 1 Rena Drive, Lafayette, LA
70503, (318) 988-2478. Dealer inquiries
are welcome. awe no. 256

COMPUTER SOFTWARE
ASSOCIATES INTRODUCES
LINE OF EDUCATIONAL
PROGRAMS FOR THE VIC-20

"Reading and writing and 'rithmatic
Taught to the tune of a silicon chip ..."

That old schoolroom ditty will never be
the same again now that microcomputers
have become as much a part of the class-
room as chalk dust. In keeping with this
trend. Computer Software Associates
(CSA), a Massachusetts-based publisher of
home and entertainment programs, is of-
fering its initial line of educational soft-
ware designed especially for preschoolers
and elementary school pupils. Programs
include Math Duel, Tiny Tutor, Vic Sketch
and Composer, all on cassette tape for the
unexpanded VIC-20.

MATH DUEL is designed for grades one
through six. The program teaches basic
number skills (addition, subtraction,
multiplication, division) by pitting the stu-
dent against a dragon in a den. Three
levels of difficulty permit the program to
be enjoyed by all ages.

TINY TUTOR is designed for toddlers
between the ages of two and seven. The
program features mathematical problems
delivered via "trollies on a track." Correct
answers are rewarded by fun sound ef-
fects and the arrival of a new "problem
train."

VIC SKETCH, a versatile etch-a-sketch
program, enables the user to draw in any
one of seven colors. All drawings can be
printed, saved or erased. Drawings can be
executed with keyboard keys or a joystick.

COMPOSER teachers the rudiments of
music, enabling the user to compose sim-
ple melodies, using the computerto key in
the notes and rests. The melodies can be
stored on the Datasette recorder for later
playback.

106 I 'COMMANDER • February 1984

MATH DUEL and TINY TUTOR carry a
suggested list price of $19.95; VIC SKETCH
and COMPOSER, $14.95.

For additional information contact,
Micro Software International, Inc., 44 Oak.
Street, The Silk Mill, Newton Upper Falls,
MA 02164. Telephone (617) 527-7510.
Contact:
Sue A. Robbins
Paul Kaufman Associates
149 Madison Avenue
New York, N.Y 10016 c.rde no. 257
(212)685-6161

DOWN ON THE FARM

Cyberia, Inc. announces the fourth
volume of the Farm Manager series for
Commodore 64, dedicated to production
and marketing of grain. The three
previous volumes include: Volume 1-
General Business, Volume 2-Beef Pro-
duction, and Volume 3-Pork Production.
Each volume of the series retails for
$49.95. Available from: Cyberia, Inc., Box
784, Ames, IA 50010. circle no. zss

HARD-HITTING SOFTWARE

Phantom Software presents ... "The
ATTACK of the PHANTOM KARATE
DEVILS" for the Commodore 64. This is an
action-packed, arcade-style martial arts
game— the first animated karate simula-
tion of its kind . The player uses the joystick
to control the animated actions of the
hero. Ferocious punches, flying kicks, and
spectacular jumps are used against the
relentless onslaught of marauding ninjas.
The hero gains strength by surviving each
wave of computer-animated attackers,
thereby gaining entry to the Netherworld
and new challenges, Fighting sticks, flying
daggers, shooting stars, and scrolling
scenery make the play more exciting.

The game features an eye-attracting
demo mode with a spectaculer animated
karate match in a twilight temple garden
setting. The suggested retail price is
$34.95. Available from Phantom Soft-
ware, 1116A 8th Street, Suite 155,
Manhattan Beach, CA 90266 Cirde No 259

CHARTPAK-64

CHARTPAK-64 is a comprehensive
package that gives you professional quali-
ty charts in high resolution graphics
without any programming.

CHARTPAK-64 lets you enter, edit, save
and recall data simply and quickly.

Then using this data CHARTPAK-64 lets
you interactively build your chart—
whether it be a pie chart, bar chart or line
chart. You control the scaling, labeling and
positioning of the chart on the screen.

CHARTPAK-64 instantly creates your
chart on the screen in any of 8 different
chart formats. If you don't care for the ini-
tial results, CHARTPAK-64 lets you change
the format and build another chart im-
mediately.

Finally, CHARTPAK-64 can record the
final results on your Commodore 1515,
1525E, Epson or Gemini printer,

Here are some of the charts possible
with CHARTPAK-64:

CHARTPAK-64 only on diskette for

$42.95.

Available from your local dealer or directly

from:

ABACUS Software cirde No . 260

P.O. Box 7211

Grand Rapids, Ml 49510

(616)241-5510

GRAPHICS DESIGNER 64

GRAPHICS DESIGNER 64 lets you design
hires or lores graphics. You can use
GRAPHICS DESIGNER 64 for architectural
design, engineering graphics, graphic
arts, artistic expression, and more.

The GRAPHICS DESIGNER 64 EDITOR
lets you interactively create your picture.
The EDITOR is completely menu driven.
No programming is necessary! You can
edit a picture from the keyboard or with
the joystick or a suitable light pen.

Draw lines, boxes, circles, ovals,
triangles ana then fill them in Ada text
and captions to your pictures. When you
are all done, you can save your finished
pictures to diskette.

The SLIDE SHOW feature lets you com-
bine your pictures for later display. Use the
built-in timer to advance pictures or over-
ride the time with the function keys.

You can also obtain hardcopy of your
hires screen on your VC-1515, 1525E, Ep-
son or Gemini printer.

GRAPHICS DESIGNER 64 only on
diskette, $34.95.

Available from your local dealer or
directly from:

ABACUS Software cirek No 26r
P.O. Box 7211
Grand Rapids, Ml 49510
{616)241-5510 Continued on page 135

try your skills at

TRAIN DISPATCHER

REALISTIC SIMULATION OF A COMPUTER CENTRALIZED TRAFFIC CONTROL (CTC) OFFICE.
HOW QUICKLY AND EFFICIENTLY CAN YOU MANEUVER TRAINS OVER A 20 STATION, 1 50 MILE
TERRITORY? BUILD YOUR OWN SKILLS FROM "CUB DISPATCHER" TO 'TRAIN MASTER'.

24 DISPLAYS including Train Sheets, Block Permits, Territory Overview, 20 interlockings.

FULL CONTROL Throw switches, clear and cancel signals, route and maneuver up to 1 2 trains
moving in both directions.

REALTIME All displays continuously updated, including train location, switch positions,
signals, block permits, and crew time.

AUTHENTIC Created by designers of CTC Systems for operating railroads.

TRAIN DISPATCHER is an action game, that provides a dramatic and realistic picture ol true-to-life
railroad operations.

Commodore 64 and VIC 20 are registered TracJamnrka of Commodore Business Machines. Inc
ATARI" A Warner Communications Company Apple is registered trademark of Apple Computer. Inc

SIGNAL COMPUTER CONSULTANTS. LTD.
PO Box 18222 Pi ttsburgh, PA 15236 (412)655-7727 I

I

Enclosed is $24.95 (or Train Dispaicher + S2.50 for postage and
handling. PA residents add state sales tax.

Charge □ Master Card Carrf#

To: O VISA

Exp. Date. _

CHECK ONE

D VIC 20**, Tape" D Commodore"" GA Tape n CommodoraV" 64 Disk
D Atari* 400/800 Tape" O Apple II*. Disk ($29.35)

D Manual is included with game or to be purchased separately at S4.00.

'VIC 20 requires IBKV'Atai. -SOO/BOO requires Basic

Signature __

Name .

Street _
City

. State. Zip_

-z^J

Circle No. 232

WHY SPEND MORE?
SUPERBYTE
BUSINESS PACK 3

ONDISKFORTHE o

Commodore 64 |

OR u

ViC 20 8K)

INCLUDED ARE.

*THE ACCOUNTANT

General Ledger, income Statement & Balance Shi.

•ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE/
PAYABLE

Journal for current & paid account}

*THE EDITOR

Ful) feature word prDcawar

♦SPREAD SHEET CALC.

Complete spread sheet/calculating program

♦BUSINESS INVENTORY

Inventory control sy(tflm

♦CHECKBOOK MATE

Checkbook maintenance 8. writer

♦THE MAILMAN

Address file with sorting

♦PLUS 6 UTILITY PROGRAMS

Profit Margin/Bus. Calendar Si Data Sase
Pert Model/Linear Ragronion/OaproclBtor
Amortization

FULL PRINTER CAPABILITIES
COMPLETE REFERENCE MANUAL

ONLY $100.00

By Check, Charge or COD I6V Shipping)

SUPERBYTE SOFTWARE

Milter BOX 579, 90S LOHIEN DHIVE Vita
Card GWYNEDD VALLEY, PA 19d37
I609I 316-3063

•FREE CATALOG

Here are some reasons why our database is ideal for
your home or small business data storage:

■ Runs on both ths VIC ED" and Commodore 64
' Prints mailing labels, reports, and inventories
' User configurable to adapt to your needs

■ Memory resident for- speedy operation

■ Sorts by any field

■ Searches fields with seven different alpha, numeric,
and character match parameters

* Prints search-selected mailing lists and reports

• Comes with thorough, aaay-to-understand user manual
complete with sample applications

HnME DF CALF-DniS

If ME a ni_Do

i^-h-w n m«

i STUDENT

i"ll*.i I •*.'■,' v SHI TH

SEARCH

II! I I Or Hrlfi le.l

11 HunirLc t£ Cllphi-
L'j Hmnrict H ni P hj<
fej Hunvr- l c > arj rtlphi>

E.' ChlCtC I t-r- M^Tt h

nnii

MMltttt.

rid I&-?

i^*h* w n niinripitu
Requires 8K Memory Expansion
Commodore EA and VIC 2Q art. registered
trademarks of Commodore Business Machine
Dealer inquiries are welcome.

Arfon Microetectronics

111 Rena Drive
Ar^A Lafayette, LA 70503
,! ~^ V ^ (318) 988-2489

PLEASE SEND ME:

□ MicroBase on disk (a $34.95

□ MicroBase on tape (ci $29.95

Shipping & handling $1.50
Louisiana residents add 5% sales tax

Total

□ Payment enclosed (check or money order).

□ Please charge to VISA MasterCard

American Express

Acct, # Exp. Date

NAME

ADDRESS

CITY STATE ZIP

Circle No 102

REMs to Readers

♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦H*

SUBSCRIPTION INFORMATION

Your subscription to COMMANDER is
shipped second class mail each month,
on or before the fifteenth. If you do not
receive your copy of COMMANDER by
the last day of the month, please send us
a card and we will remedy the problem.

Should you change your address, we
ask that you notify us immediately. To
assure delivery, your change of address
must reach us no later than the first of
the month prior to month of shipment
Please include your old address, new ad-
dress, and date of effect. Sorry, without
proper notification, we cannot be
responsible for replacing any issues.

If you have any questions, please con-
tact our subscription department at
(206) 584-6757. All correspondence
should be addressed to COMMANDER
Subscription Department, P.O. Box
98827, Tacoma, Washington 98498.

BACK ISSUE INFORMATION

COMMANDER Magazine's Subscrip-
tion Department provides the service of
back issue order fulfillment. Many issues
are still available- All current issues sell for
the single copy cover price -which is
$2.95, Issues older than one month sell
for S3. 50, when the supply is plentiful.
Include $1.00 (shipping) for each issue
ordered.

Most back issues are available in
original form. February 1983 is sold out
but separate articles are available as
reprints. Due to the heavy demand, we
suggest you order the back issues you
want now while the supplies last.

COMMANDER accepts Visa, Master-
card and American Express. You may also
request to be invoiced, but payment is
due before shipment.

For further information call or write to
our subscription department at P.O. Box
98827, Tacoma, Washington 98498,
(206) 584-6757.

READER SERVICE UPDATE

The response to COMMANDER Reader
Service Cards has been fantastic thanks to
your interest in our advertisers' products.
The response was so overwhelming, in
fact, it became impossible to inform the
advertisers of requests immediately. How-
ever, a new processing system is in effect
and all requests will be answered as soon
as possible.

Readers may help keep this flow of in-
formation between advertisers and con-
sumers constant by limiting requests to
ten advertisements. We also ask that you
continue to answer the questions on the
card in order for COMMANDER to better
serve you. If we may answer any questions
about COMMANDER Reader Services,
please contact us at

COMMANDER Magazine

R O. Box 98827

Tacoma, Washington 98498

ATTENTION
COMPUTER CAMPERS

Did you or your children attend one of
the many "computer camps" last sum-
mer? COMMANDER Magazine is plan-
ning a spring report on the value and
possible problems that may be part of this
popular activity. You can help other COM-
MANDER readers make informed deci-
sions by sending us a brief summary of the
strengths and weaknesses of your ex-
perience, along with the following details:

1. ageandsexofcamper(s)

2. location and size of camp

3. software and hardware used

4. number of hours per day in
computer instruction or labs

5. Sponsoring organization, if any

6. Day camp or overnight

It is not necessary to identify the camp
by name unless you wish to. Send all let-
ters to:
COMMANDER Computer Camp Report
Box 98827
Tacoma, Washington 98498

4444444

COMMUNICATE
through COMMANDER

We have a continuing need for publish-
able material that may be of interest to any
segment of Commodore users, ranging
from beginners to advanced program-
mers and technicians. If you've written an
original program, or have an idea for a
story about some computer application,
product, or educational approach, please
send us a manuscript or a letter of inquiry.
We'd like to hear from younger writers as
well as older ones.

Submitted materials should follow
these guidelines;

1 . Articles must be typed double-spaced,
in upper and lower case on 8V2" x11"
paper, with at least 1 Vi" margins on all
sides. Good quality printers may be
used if the output is clear and dark.
Two copies of each article should be
included.

2. Programs must be provided in both
hard-copy listing and machine-
readable form (tape or disk). Where
feasible, please include both C-64 and
VIC-20 versions. If not accepted for
publication, materials can be returned
only if a SASE is enclosed.

3. On each page should appear your
name, the title of the article, the date
submitted, and the page number. Any
accompanying listings, photos, graphs,
etc., must be clearly identified.

4. In your cover letter, include a brief des-
cription of your relevant background
and interests, the computer equip-
ment you use, and the intended au-
dience of your submission. Don't
forget to give your address with both
day and evening phone numbers.

5. We only consider articles that are sub-
mitted exclusively to us. If you do not
receive feedback within 8 weeks,
please write or call before sending it to
another publication.

6. The amount of payment for accepted
materials depends on the type, length,
and quality. You'll receive an author
contract specifying payment and
copyright details before publication.

7. Reviews of commercial products are
generally commissioned from our of-
fice. Do nor solicit free copies from
manufacturers on your own. However,
we would consider well-written, timely
reviews of hardware and software you
have purchased for your own use.
Send all unsolicited materials to:

Submissions Editor
COMMANDER
P.O. Box 98827
Tacoma, WA 98498

WBICOMMANDER • February 1984

VIC-20" APROSOFT™ SOFTWARE COMMODORE-64®

TYPE FOR YOUR LIFE DR. FLOYD"

With more challenge than an arcade game, learn
to type 75 or more words per minute Speed is
User Selectable, but NO FOOLING AROUND
allowed 1 Text is WIDELY VARIED since it comes
from the program tape Action color graphics with
sound dx your eyes on the screen and away Irom
your lingers. Your man rows his boat across the
screen as fast as you can type. Maintain speed
and he can destroy the sea monster, but it you
slow down. ZAP! Runs on unexpanded VIC or
C-64.

WORDPLAY"

WORDPLAY is a collection of programs which
allows the user to make original stones, write a
lorm of Japanese poetry. play the fun game of
Animal' (which children love!) and create jargon
A bonus secret message (cypher) program is also
included In a word. WOHDPLAY is a BARGAIN' '
Requires 1 6k RAM or more (VIC-20 or C-64).

Psychoanalysis by computer? Well, nol quite, but
Dr. Floyd will carry on a conversation with you
using psychoanalytical techniques that give the
appearance of artificial intelligence. The next time
someone asks you "Show me what this computer
of yours can do." you can really amaze them with
DR. FLOYD. Great tor parlies - even nice for just
having someone to talk to. Requires 16k RAM or
more. (VIC-20 or C-64).

Software Authors!

VIC-20 (Cassette) $14.95
C-64 (Cassette) $14.95
C-64 (Disc) $19.95

Nolo VIC-20 versions on Cassette ONLY
C-S4 versions on Cassette OR Disc

We are searching lor original programs. We need

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This software g^es your V IC-20 or Commodore && capabilities
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Like full-lunclion status display, and up-and-down scrolling,
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UPDATES, CLARIFICATIONS AND CORRECTIONS TO PREVIOUSLY PUBLISHED MATERIAL

SLOT MACHINE FOR C-64,
OCTOBER 1983, p. 32

If you've experienced any confusion
over how to run this program, here are
some step-by step instructions:

1. Type in Listing 2 and save on disk as
"SLOT. BOOT"

2. Type in Listing 1 and save on disk as
"SLOT-DATA"

3. Type in Listing 3 and save on disk as
"SLOT"

The order of steps 1,2, and 3 is not impor-
tant, but at this point you should have
three separate files stored on one disk. Be
sure to proof the listings before going any
further.

4. LOAD and RUN "SLOT-DATA"

5. LOAD and RUN "SLOT.BOOT"

I* all goes well, you should now be ready to
play!

(Some readers may have noticed on p.
117 that DATA lines 2230-2320 were
printed twice. It won't hurt to repeat them
as you type the program, but it won't help
either.)

For those of you who prefer to LOAD
and RUN without going through the typ-
ing, Mr. Gaukel has sold this program to
Superior Graphics Emporium, who com-
mercially distributes it on tape or disk.

SPECIAL CHARACTERS
IN PROGRAM LISTINGS

In the October 1983 issue of COM-
MANDER, some of the BASIC program
listings include numbers such as <192>
and <196> to indicate special characters
that should be typed between quotation
marks. (See pages 57 and 92 for ex-
amples.) In case you are wondering what
to do at that point in the program, the
answer can be found in the CHRS index
listed in the User's Manual of yourVIC-20
(pp. 145 - 147) or C-64 (pp. 135 - 137). If
the bracketed number is between 192
and 223, subtract 96 before looking in the

table. If it is between 224 and 254, sub-
tract 64. The symbol <192> , for exam-
ple, means press the key which represents
the graphics character "-", or [Shift-*]
which is the same as CHRS(96).

ENDING, ENDING,
WHO'S GOT THE ENDING?

In our November issue, Jerry Byrd's col-
umn "The Pro Gram" was really longer
than it may have appeared at first glance.
At the bottom of page 54, we inadver-
tently omitted the statement "Continued
on Page 102." However, we are pleased to
note that those who read COMMANDER
backwards would have experienced no
problem, since the top of page 102 clearly
says "Continued from page 54."

RESET THE VIC CLOCK

The article titled "Vic Clock" published
September, 1983 has two errors in the

program listing on page 97. Lines 9510
and 9930 should be corrected as follows:
9510 CHAR 0, 15,"XX.XX":

AC=AC+1
993© GRAPHIC0:IFCH$ > "2 "THEN
PRINTAC:"RIGHT":PRINTW;
'WRONG":FOR JJ = 1TO1000:NEXTJJ

BASICMON CORRECTION

In our last issue (December/January,
Vol. 2, No. 1)the program entitled BASIC-
MON in Eric Giguere's article, "Using a
Machine Language Monitor" had one line
that was accidentally cut off. On page 132,
program line 50 should read:
50 MA = 0:IFPEEK(806) = 202THEN
MA=1:REMMA = 0FORV(C,
MA=1 FORC64

COMMAND POST RX FOR C-64
OCTOBER 1983, p. 62

The following information should help you adapt the Command Post
RX program in our October issue to the C-64.

VIC-20

C-64

Joystick Port User Port

User Port

R=4

DR=37139
JS =37137

R=1

DR =37138

JS=37136

R = 1

DR = 56579

JS=56577

Pin 8-ground
Pin 1-input

Pin A-ground
Pin C-input

Note: No Joystick connection is shown for
the C-64 since this port is handled
differently than on the VIC-20

Substitute the values in this chart for those in line 200 of the listing.

February 1984 • COMMANDfR/111

Invasion Continued from page 86

187 IFO>7680+22#21THENF«0:OOTO50

189 POKED, 81 :G0T0125

220 IFFK0THENfls0

221 IFR>15THENfi»15

222 PRINTTRBCRVtsP, 3 timesH*.
hf--]"

225 PRINTTRB<R)"i:sP, 3 tirnesHs
hf-U]"

230 PRINTTRBCR^'CSrYOLsP, 3 tim
*ft][shf-W]"

235 PRINT'TuP, 3 times] " j : GOTO
135

300 PRINTTHBW'EsP, 4 tiroes]"'

305 PRINTTRB<R)"i:sP, 4 times]"

310 PRINTTRB^RVCsP, 5 times]"

315 PRINT' 'CuP, 3 times]"; :RETU
RN

400 PRINTPEEKC197):0DTO400

500 POKEG, 66 : POKED+1 , 78 : POKEG-1 ,
77 : POKEO-20 > 46 : P0KEG2 1 , 46 ■ PD
KEG-22,46

510 PDKEG-23,46:P0KEG-24,46

520 FORRR=1TQ100:NEXT

530 POKEG, 32 : POKEG+1 , 32 : POKEG-1 ,
32 : POKEG-20, 32 : POKEG-21 , 32 = P
OKEG-22,32

535 P0KEG-23,32:P0KEG-24,32

590 G0T0125

600 POKEC, 42 =PQKEC+1,42 ! POKEC+
22,42 :POKEC-22,42:GOTO605

601 L*0

605 POKEC, 42: POKEC- 1,42: POKEC -2
2 , 42 '■ P0KEC+22 , 42 i POKEC- 1 , 42

610 POKEVN, 128+100

6 1 1 FORGG« 1 5TO0 STEP- 1 : POKEVR , GO
■ FDRGH-1TO70 : NEXT = NEXT

613 B*0:D=0

616 POKEC, 32 : POKEC+1 , 32 • POKEC- 1 ,
32 : POKEC+2 , 32 : POKEC-2 , 32 : POK
EC+3,32:P0KEC-3,32

617 P0KEC-22,32:P0KEC+22,32

640 E=E+22+ J ! POKEVR ,15: POKEVN , :

645 POKEE, 62 :POKEE-l, 87 : POKEE-
2,60

646 F0R0*248T0253 : POKEVN- 1 , ! NEX
T : F0ROa253T0248STEP-l : POKEVN
-1,0: NEXT

647 POKEE, 32 • POKEE- 1 , 32 : P0K.EE-2,
32

650 IFE<7680+20*22THEN640
631 E«E+J

652 P0KEE+22,62:P0KEE+21,87 : POK
E+20 , 60 : POKEE+OF , 4 : POKEE+OF-
l,4:P0KEE+0F-2,4

653 PDKEE+22+0F, : POKEE+21+OF,0 :
POKEE+20+OF,32

654 POKEVN- 1 , i POKEVN, 128 : F0RQ=1
TO20:POKEVR,15-INT(QX1.33>

655 POKEE , 223 : POKEE- 1 , 223 : POKEE-
2 , 223 : FORO* 1 TO80 ■ NEXT

656 POKEE , 1 69 : POKEE- 1 ,169 ' POKEE-
2, 169 : FORO«1TO80 : NEXT

657 NEXT : POKEE, 32 :P0KEE-1, 32: POK
EE-2 , 32 : POKEE+22 , 32 : POKEE+2 1
,32:POKEE+20,32:

658 PRINT" [home] [down, 2 times]

639 DU-DU+2 ' DU**STR$ C DU ) i PR I NT "
[home] Cdown, 2 times]SCORE"
DUS: PRINT" [down, 15 times]"
: IFDT>5THEN806

660 G0T0125

700 POKEVN, 128 =L=0

701 R*R+1 !FQRKL*1TO200: POKEVR, 15
-INT<KL/13):

M2IC0MMANDER • February 1984

New From

Progressive Peripherals & Softwa

Why have a dumb card when you could have a

SMART SLOT

Four-slot, software-selectable interface

for the C-64

The Smart Slot is
the first intelligent
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with Hardware D.I. P.
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DEALER AND DISTRIBUTOR INQUIRIES INVITED

» Commadore 64 is a registered trademark of Commodore Business Machines.

704 PRINTTRB(R)"[Pur]Cshf-£; 3
times]"'

705 PRINTTflBCHV'CPurHcom-*, 3
times]"

713 PRINT" CuP/ 2 times]";

720 PRINTTRB(R)"CPur]Ccom-*/ 3
times]"

725 PRINTTRBCR?"CPur][shf-£/ 3
times]"

735 PRINT" Cup. 2 times]";

740 NEXT

743 PRINTTRBCR)"CsP/ 4 times]"

750 PRINTTRB<R>"CsP, 4 times] C9
rn]"

751 PRINTTRE(fl-l)"CsP/ 5 times]

752 PRINT" CUP/ 3 times]";

736 PRINT" C home ]C down, 2 times]

757 DT*DT+l: PRINT" ChomeKdowm

2 tirnesHri9ht/ 12 times]BRS
ES"DT: PRINT" Cdowo/ 15 time
s]"

758 IFDT>5THEN806

760 F*0:R*0: GOTO 105

S00 D=i:E=7702+INT(RND(l)#14>#22
+88 :i*E-20:K*0:J*-i:iFRNDCl
>>. 5THENE-E-21 ! I»E+20 i J=l

805 GOTO 172

806 IFDU>HSTHENHS*DU

807 PRINT" Cclr]Cdown.. 4 times] C
sP/ 3 t i mes ]VOURCsP] SCORE CsP

/

]*";DU

80S PRINT"CsP/ 3 times]HIGHCsP]

SCORE CSP 3*

;hs

820 PRINT" [down. 2 times3CsP/ 2
t i mes ] TRY C sP 3 RGR I N C sP J C V/N ;

830 POKE 1 98 1 8 '• I NPUTF* : I FLEFT* ( F$
/1)*"V"THEN1

840 END

\@M

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• DISK SUPPORT— Directory, Copy, Rename, Scratch

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tWCOMMANDER • February 1984

SUPPORT YOUR
LOCAL PROGRAMMER

Continued from page 72

If you have done your job well at this
point, have confidence that the inquiries
will come, probabiy beginning a week or
so after you see your own ad- The
response will be hard to judge for
sometime to come but you should see
one inquiry per day spread out over a
month or so. Remember there will be vir-
tually no pattern to how they arrive, six
one day, none the next.

You now have some control over how
things go from this point. First, answer
your mail promptly. Particularly in the
beginning the response will probably not
be so overwhelming that you cannot
answer the requests as they come in
rather than waiting to answer them in
groups. If you can write a brief but per-
sonal note to go along with the informa-
tion you send out it will help create sales.
Know your competition! You should
have looked into this before now, but if
someone else is offering a similar pro-
gram, buy a copy, find out what its limita-
tions and strong points are. If yours is bet-
ter, and it should be or you shouldn't be
marketing it, say so. Don't be afraid of
comparision. Let the magazines know
what you have via product announce-
ments. If someone in particular usually
writes new product reviews send them a
sample copy of your wares along with a
personal note. A positive evaluation is in-
valuable free advertising!

After several additional weeks the
orders should start coming in. If not try
and find out why not. You have been
keeping a mailing list of all those who
answered your ad haven't you? Perhaps
your price is a bit stiff, consider discoun-
ting. The amount of leeway you have of
course depends on what your price was
to begin with and what your time is
worth to you. Remember also, if your
program is priced reasonably most peo-
ple will not go to the trouble of stealing it,
but the higher the price the more you in-
vite pirating.

Everything is going well at this point,
what do you do next? First of all make
sure you have arranged to have your ad
run in the next issue as well. Remember
the needed lead time. In some cases you
may have to initially place two ads at
once in order to make the deadlines for
both issues, Consider the same ad in
another publication-your second choice
based on readership. Usually the rates
there will be a bit cheaper. Most impor-
tantly, start thinking about your next pro-
duct. Your customers will want to know
what else you have available. If you carry

a variety of programs you increase the
chance of having something your
customer wants, besides inviting repeat
sales to the same customer. The process
for your next project should be identical,
the same amount of development and
testing time, the same thoughtful atten-
tion to the documentation.
ONE MAN'S CALLING

But you are not a programmer, you say.
You do not LIKE trying to keep GOSUBS
straight from FOR/NEXT loops. Are you an
electronics experimenter? Have you ever
designed a printed circuit board or built
simple projects? There is a definite lack of
availability of simple interfacing hardware
forthe small home computers. Control of
all kinds of things is possible and even sim-
ple with an interface between your com-
puter and the outside world. Collaborate
with someone to write your program, and
you design the hardware.

THE GREAT
AMERICAN PROGRAM

Your program is a success but you have
saturated the market. Your program
wasn't so successful but is stilt a good
program that you would like to share
with others and recover some of your
time and money. You don't like building
things. There is yet another avenue open
to help finance your hobby. Write up
your program and submit it for publica-
tion! Again, you won't get rich, but you
will get a certain notoriety and will at least
defer some of your costs.

I know, you told me before you don't
like programming. Sometimes an "idea"
article without a specific program can be
saleable. Think of things that are related.
An article I wrote on duplicating data
cassettes was based on years of ex-
perience in the audio visual field, not on
years of experience with home com-
puters. Perhaps you are a telephone per-
son, knowledgeable about connecting
to the phone lines. You could write an
article about modems, orabouttransmis-
sion errors encountered on landlines.
Let's say you are a heating and cooling
specialist. You could explain heat loss and
discuss how the formulas you use could
be used in an energy audit program.

Well, you've collected some bucks and
are ready to make additions to your sys-
tem. The nice thing about this cycle is that
as your system grows you can develop
software and hardware and articles that
use these new pieces of equipment. Your
customers are probably growing along
with you making them likely candidates
for your new products.

Additionally you may find that the type
of program you are offering is not avail-
able for several small home computers.

Consider reinvesting some of your profit
in a different small computer and adap-
ting your program to that system. The
Commodore VIC-20 and C-64offer a uni-
que opportunity in that although the
software is not directly interchangeable,
the peripherals are. So you can take your
profits to upgrade to a 64 and offer soft-
ware for both. Again you might consider
collaborating with someone who owns a
different machine in order to accomplish
this same goal.

UNCLE SAM WANTS YOU
(TO MAKE A PROFIT)

This is the clincher, folks. If you do it
right, all of your development costs and
new hardware can be deducted as busi-
ness expenses foryour small business. It is
beyond the scope of this article to discuss
the particulars of business deductions,
but they are the same for this type of side-
line as for any other. Basically as long as
you keep receipts and are honestly trying
to make money you should be OK. Under
certain circumstances you may even be
able to deduct the cost of the room
where you do your computing. But don't
try to deduct a new Atari game machine
for the kids!

For anyone willing to use a little creati-
vity your computer hobby can pay for it-
self. Of great additional value is the
knowledge that you gain for yoursejf. I
look forward to seeing your ad!

'PUBLIC DOMALV™
- SOFTWARE -

Supporting all COMMODORE computers

Written by users, for users

* GAMES * UTILITIES * EDUCATIONAL *

VIC «0"

collection *1 - collection *Z - collecuon *3

collection *4 - collection *5 - collection * 6

70+ programs per collection - Tape/Disk - $1 000

COMMOnORK 64 ~

64 collection *1 - 64 collection #2-64 collection #3

64 collection *4 - 64 collection «5
25+ programs per collection — Tape/ Disk — $10.00

PET* / CBM*

5 Utility - Tapes.'D.shs - $10.00 each

1 1 Game - Tapes' Disks - $1000 each

6 Educational - Tapes/Dtsks - £10.00 each

OIA'SET'-i Reset Switch

Works on Vic 20 or Commodore 64 - S5.00

All prices include shipping and handling

CHECK. MONEY ORDERS.
VISA iiiirf MASTERCARD iccspled

For A Free Catalog Write

Public Domain, Inc.

5025 S. Rmgaline Rd . W. Milton. OH 453B3

tO:00 am ■ 5:00 p m EST - Men. thru Fn.

1513] 698-5638 or |513] 33f-172B

Circle NO. 47

February 1984 • COMMANDER 1 115

Key-Mander

HOW TO TYPE IN BASIC PROGRAMS FROM COMMANDER MAGAZINE

As you probably know, your computer
has a limited vocabulary and responds to
BASIC language instructions in an ex-
tremely literal way. Programs listed in
COMMANDER are carefully pretested,
and should run as intended on your com-
puter if they are copied properly. The
following guidelines should help to clarify
some important points about entering
programs through the keyboard.

WRAPAROUND

Every "line" in a BASIC program begins
with a line number and ends when you
press the [RETURN] key. If a line in the pro-
gram contains more characters and
spaces than can fit on the width of your
screen, just keep typing and the computer
wiil automatically continue on the next
row of the screen. You should press
[RETURN] only once before starting the
next line number. A 40-column C-64 or
PET will "wrap-around" a program line for
no more than 2 screen rows, with a maxi-
mum of 80 characters per program line.
The 22 column VIC-20 can wrap around
up to 4 rows (88 characters) in a program
line.

SPACES

In a BASIC statement, spaces are usually
ignored by the computer but may be add-
ed by programmers to increase readabili-
ty. However, when the "quote mode" is in
effect (see below), spaces do count.
Unless you have good reason to do other-
wise, it is probably safest to type spaces as
they appear in our listing. Please note,
however, that wrap-around lines will not
be indented on your screen the way they
appear in our published listing.

PUNCTUATION

Pay careful attention to punctuation
symbols. You may not think there's much
difference between a colon and a semi-
colon, but the computercertamly does. All
commas, parentheses, and other special
characters should be faithfully copied.

PLEASE NOTE: For technical reasons,
quotation marks are listed as a double
apostrophe. When you see that, press
[Shift-2] for the quotation mark symbol.

neiCOMMANDEP • February 1984

ONES AND ZEROS

Among the most common errors of
beginners (and even experts) is confusing
the numbers 1 and with the letters I, L,
and 0. You may have learned to type a
lower case L for 1 on a typewriter, but
most computers will not allow it. In our
listings, pay close attention to the shape
differences between the numbers 1 and
and the similar letters, I and 0.
SAVE IT WHEN YOU CAN

It is wise to SAVE a program on tape or
disk before running it. That way, if the
computer "locks up" or becomes in-
operative because of an error, you won't
have to re-type everything. For a very long
program, it is advisable to save what you
have entered after every 20 or 30 minutes
of typing.

THE "QUOTE MODE"

Most Commodore computers incorpor-
ate an extremely useful, though tricky,
feature called the Quote Mode. This
allows you to program screen control
functions, including cursor movement
and character color changes, within a
PRINT statement. Quote Mode is turned
on whenever the quotation mark key
[shift-2] is pressed. It is turned off when the
quotation mark key is pressed again, or
when the [RETURN] key is pressed.

When the quote mode is on, anytime
you press either a cursor control key, a col-
or control key (such as [ctrl-wht]), or a
reverse control key, you will see an invers-
ed graphic character appear on your
screen. These characters have no obvious
meaning by themselves except as indica-
tors that certain control functions have
been inserted in the program. These in-
verse graphic characters also appear in
normal, hard-copy (paper) listings of a pro-
gram, but are nearly impossible to inter-
pret in that form.

THE COMMANDER "QUOTE
MODE" LISTING FORMAT

To make your task as easy as possible,
COMMANDER has adopted a unique for-
mat for all control and graphic characters,
as well as spaces, that occur between

quotation marks. In our listing, each
special character is represented by an ab-
breviation that appears between a pair of
square brackets. For example, [down]
meansto press the cursor-down key once.
The abbreviation [com-G] means to hold
down the Commodore logo key (at the far
lower right of the keyboard) while press-
ing G. When you see [shf-W], hold the
shift key and press W. The space bar is indi-
cated by the symbol [sp]. When the same
special key is to be pressed more than
once, the number of repeats will be
shown between the brackets, for exam-
ple, [right, 8 times].

Here is a list of the most common
special key abbreviations:

Abbreviation Key(s) to Press

[blk] CTRL & 1

[wht] CTRL & 2

[red] CTRL & 3

[cyn] CTRL & 4

ipur] CTRL & 5

(grn] CTRL & 6

|b!u] CTRL & 7

|yel] CTRL & 8

[rvs-on] CTRL & 9

[rvs-off] CTRL &

[clr] SHIFT & CLR/Home

[home] CLR/HOME

[inst] SHIFT & INST/DEL

[down] CRSR

[up] SHIFT & CRSR

[right] CRSR

[left] SHIFT & CRSR

[Shf-x] SHIFT & X(or any

key indicated)

[com-X] Commodore (lower

right key) & X (or
any key indicated)

55

WOW!

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Send in your name and address to
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Mark off the reader service card (if this
magazine has one) or send in your letter
TODAY.

OMNITRONIX

PO BOX 12309 DEPT.GC2
SEATTLE, WA 98111 0fCleNa64

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Upload/Download. Status Line, etc. Works with

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Auto-dialing, etc. when used with the new

CBM 1650 Modem.

Cartridge and Manual - S49.95

WORD PROCESSING-
TOIL. text

MAILING LIST AND LABELS

TOTL. LABEL

TIME MANAGEMENT

TOTL TIME MANAGER

KEYWORD GROSS REFERENCE

RESEARCH ASSISTANT

For Commodore 64™ and VIC 20™

Announcing the newest members of the family.
BUSINESS ACCOUNTING

TOTL.BUSINESS

SPELLING CHECKER

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qualily you can afford

Circle No. 46

Ask your dealer about TOTL Software
or send in the coupon lor further
details and ordering information.

1555 Third Avenue, Walnut Creek, CA 94596

PLEASE SEND ME MORE INFORMATION ON TOTL SOFTWARE

Address:

.Zip.

****** COMMA ND- BOARD ******

Annihilator from Victory Software

* 150,000 James Thompson, New York, NY

Adventureland from Commodore

* 99 Joshua Elman, Tacoma, WA

Astroblitz from Creative Software

* 66,510 Ponder Paul, Bacliff, TX

Chomperman from Victory Software

* 50,368 Steve Carter, Milwaukee, Wl

Exterminator from Nufekop

* 2,357 Jack Zarrpa, Kansas City, KS

Final Orbit from Sirius

* 98,237 Jessica Fine, Little Rock, AR

Frogger from SEGA

* 49,750 Gagan Sarine, Longueuil, Quebec, Canada

••••

Show us how you command your favorite computer game. We want you to put
your best effort on record in the COMMAND-BOARD. To show the Commodore
world your best score send your entries to: COMMAND-BOARD, P.O. Box 98827,
Tacoma, WA 98498

Gothmog's Lair from Galactic Software

* 58 Elliot Ferguson, Louisville, KY

Jupiter Lander from Commodore

* 10,964 Joshua Elman, Tacoma, WA

Keyquest from Microware Distributing

* 74,798 Darrell Eastman, Tacoma, WA

* 24,962 Nick Blenkush, Santa Monica, CA

* 13,510 George Bergman, Atlantic City, NJ

Kongo Kong from Victory Software

* 28,960 Bobby Apple, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Omega Race from Commodore

* 628,850 Richard Seemayer, Fresh Meadows, NY

Pyramid from Aardvark Action Software

* 792 Jason Benstalk, Carbondale, IL

Radar Rat Race from Commodore

* 78,880 Richard Seemayer, Fresh Meadows, NY

Save New York from Creative Software

* 98,432 Dennis Jackson, Pittsburgh, PA

Serpentine from Creative Software

* 86,438 Natalie Evans, Columbus, OH

Sidewinder from Tronix

* 792,726 Tony Freeman, Houston, TX
Snakman from Microdigital

* 3,123,840 Michael Wampold, Seattle, WA

Space Sentinel from T & F Software

* 250,685 Jake Larsen, Muncie, IN

Spider City from Sirius

* 6,859 Joy Wilson, Fresno, CA

Trashman from Creative Software

* 200,725 Mike Bullard, Germantown, TN

Tyler's Dungeons from Creative Equipment

* 100 Fred Firkto, El Paso, TX

Warp from The Code Works (Vixel#3)

* 13,968 Adam Elman, Tacoma, WA

Zap from Microware Distributors

* 25,000 Richard Campbell, Wichita, KS

Zarcon from D.E.S. Soft

* 64,851 Brian Hexter. Ames. IA

Professional Tour Golf from Strategic Simulations

* 78 Rob Hopewell, Duluth, MN

All entries must be received by the first of the month to be eligible for the following month.

*

f

f
M
M

f

I

*
••••

■\-\8ICOMMANDER • February 1984

64KfowVIC 20

.SELECT ARAM

■ . .-.■.■■ ■ •'■*■■■■ v iHM< »:•>;: ■

-■y-:-:-x"^^^B ^K V -^E^~ ' ■ .. V_ ■■■.-, w.v " I,W1,A «««

SELECT-ARAM BRINGS TO YOUR VIC 20
THE POWER THAT ONLY MEMORY CAN
PROVIDE.

The power of any computer is measured by its
memory capacity The more memory you have,
the more powerful your programs can become.

SELECT- A- RAM gives your VIC 20 the power of
memory. 65,536 bytes of power to be exact.
Enough programming power to rival any Home
computer.

The power hungry programmer can also add
more memory. Each of SELECT- A- RAM's two
expansion slots will accept any amount of memory
from 3K to 128K.

SELECT A RAM's powerful expansion capabilities
are made possible by a technique we call Soft
Select. Soft Select allows your VIC 20 to perform
many sophisticated functions not possible with
other memory expansion devices, ie., disk drive
emulation, printer spooling, simultaneous and
interactive program execution (to name just a few
of our soon to be released packages).

Bring the power of memory to your VIC 20

with SELECT A- RAM.

Call or write for additional information and the
dealer nearest you. Direct orders accepted.

DEALERS INQUIRIES INVITED
Vic 20 is a Trade Mark of Commodore Electronics Limited

SELECT ft RAM

64K Memory

Two Expansion Slots

Write Protection

Reset Switch

Expandable with 64K and 128K Modules

Soft Select Control

Compatible with All Program Cartridges

and Hardware Devices
Provision for Optional External Power
One Year Limited Warranty

Distributed in Canada by:

PAX SOFTWARE

60 Hanson Road, Unit 133 Mississauga, Ontario L5B 2P6
(416) 270-2639

ADVANCED-PROCESSOR-SYSTEMS

PO Bos 43006, Austin, TX., 78745-0001, (512) 282-8222

Circle No. B9

all this.

TITLE

COST

COMMODORE 64

ACCESS SOFTWARE

Neutral Zone (T)

S 27.95

Neutral Zone (D)

27.95

Sprite Masler (T)

27.95

Sprue Masler (D)

27.95

BATTERIES INCLUDED

Paper Clio iD)

85.00

Delphi Oncfe (0)

99.00

BLUE SKY

Calc Result <C) (easy)

67.95

Calc Result <D) (advanced)

127.95

BRODERBUND

Choplifter (C)

29.95

Sea Fox (C)

29.95

Serpentine (C)

29.95

COMPUTER SOFTWARE

PractiCalc 64 (D)

43.95

PractiCalc 64 (T)

39.95

COMPU THINGS

Dome Business System (D)

44.95

CONTINENTAL SOFTWARE

The Home Accountant (D)

56.95

CREATIVE SOFTWARE

Household Finance (D)

29.95

Household Finance (T)

25.95

Loan Analyzer (D)

16.95

Loan Analyzer (T)

12.95

Car Cost (D|

16.95

Car Cost (T)

12.95

Home Inventory (D)

1695

Home Inventory (T)

12.95

Moon Dust (C)

29.95

Trashman (C|

29.95

Astroblitz (C)

29.95

DATASOFT

Moon Shuttle (D)

23.95

EASTERN COMPUTER

Pro Sports Stats (D)

71.95

EPYX

Temple ol Apshai (D)

29.95

Upper Reaches ol Apshai (D

14.95

Curse ol Ra (D)

14.95

Jumpman (D)

29.95

Jumpman (T)

29.95

Sword of Fargoal (D|

23.95

Sword of Fargoal (T)

23 95

Crush, Crumble, Chomp (T)

23.95

Crush, Crumple. Chomp (D)

23.95

Jumpman Jr. (C)

29.95

HES

Gridrunner (C)

29.95

HES Writer (C)

37.95

HES Mon (C)

29.95

HES Forth (C)

47.95

Turtle Graphics II (C)

44.95

Rescue Squad (D)

23.95

Pipes (C)

29.95

Fietro Ball (C)

29.95

Coco (D)

37.95

Benji's Space Rescue (D)

29.95

Attack of the Mutant

Camels (C)

27.95

Omni-Calc (D)

37.95

Super Text (D)

79.95

INFOCOM

Infidel (D)

39.95

Enchanter (D)

39.95

Witness (0)

39.95

Planettall (D)

39.95

KOALA

Koala Pad w/Micro III us .

Comm. 64

79,95

LIGHTNING SOFTWARE

Master Type (D)

31.95

ACCESS SOFTWARE NEW!!!

Beach Head (D)

27.95

Castle Wollenstein (D)

23.95

Gruds in Space (D)

29.95

MICRO SOFTWARE

INTERNATIONAL INC.

Zeppelin Rescue (D)

19.95

TITLE COST

Zeppelin Rescue (T) 15.95
NUFEKOP

3-D 64 Man (T) 14.95
PROFESSIONAL SOFTWARE

Word Pro 3 Plus (Dl 71.95
Word Pro 3 Plus Spell

Right (D) 79.95

Spell Right (D) 39.95
QUICK BROWN FDX

Quick Brown Fox (C) 55.95
RAINBOW COMPUTER

Writer's Asst. |D) 55.00

Filing Asst. (D) 63.00

Spread Sheet Asst (D| 55.00
Personal Finance Asst. (D) 39.95
SIERRA/ON LINE

Mr. Cool (C) 27.95

Frogger (D) 27.95

Fragger (T) 27.95

New Jawbreaker (D) 23.95

New Jawbreaker (C) 27,95

Crossfire (D) 23,95

Apple Spider Cider (D) 23.95
SIMS

Color Craft (T| 22 95

Color Craft (D) 26.95
SINUS

Fast Eddie (D) 26.25

Turmoil (D) 26.25

Squish'Um (D) 26.25

Snake Byte (D) 26.25

Type Attack (D) 29.95

Way Out (D) 29.95

Critical Mass (D) 29.95

Blade of Blackpool (D) 29.95

Repton (D) 29.95

Bandits (D) 27.95
SOFT PLUS

Meteor Madness (T) 18.95

Meteor Madness (Di 2195
SPINNAKER

Kinder Comp (D) 25.95

Facemaker (D) 29 95

Hey Diddle Diddle (0) 25.95

Alohabet Zoo (C) 27.95

Kids on Keys (C) 27.95

Up For Grabs (C) 31.95

Cosmic Life (C) 27.95

Story Machine (C) 31.95

Delta Drawing (C) 31 95
STRATEGIC SIMULATIONS INC.

Computer Baseball (0) 29.95
SUBLOGIC

Night Mission Pinball (D) 29.95

Nighl Mission Pinball (C) 23.96
SYNAPSE

Fort Apocalypse (D) 26.95

Fort Apocalypse (T) 26.25

Survivor (D) 26.95

Survivor (T) 26.95

Protector II (T) 27.95

Protector II (D) 27.95

Shamus (D) 27.95
TAYLORMADE

Touch Typing Tutor (T) 14.95

Touch Typing Tutor (0) 18.95
TECH 2 SOFTWARE

Snakman (D) 23.95

Snakman (T) 19.95
TIMEWORKS
Roboers of the Lost

Tomb (T) 18.95
Roobers ol the Lost

Tomb (D) 18.95

Wall Street (T) 18.95

Wall Street (D) 18.95

Money Manager (T) 18.95

Money Manager (D) 18.95

Data Manager (T) 18.95

Dala Manager (D) 18.95
Inventory Management (D) 63.95

TITLE

Sales Analysis Manage-
ment (D)

A/R Management &
Invoicing (D)

A/P Management &
Checkwriting (D)

General Ledger (D)

Proaramer Kit No. 1 (D)

Electric Check Book (D)

Presidential Campain (D)

Presidential Campain (C)

Dungeons ol the Algebra
Dragons (D)

TOTL

Totl Text 2.6 (T)

Totl Text 2.6 (D)

Toll Label (T)

Toll Label (D)

Time Manager (T)

Time Manager (D)

Research Assistant (T)

Research Assistani (D)

Totl Business (D)

TRONIX

Juice (D)

VICTORY

Adventure Pack 1 (T)

Adventure Pack 2 (T)

Grave Robbers (T)

Trek (T)

Annihilator (T)

Kongo Kong (T)

•HARDWARE"

CARDCO

Z-80 Pack CP/M Card

Cardprint/a

Cardetle/1

Cardwriter/i

Cardboard 5 slot

80 Column Board

TITLE

COST

TG

TG Joy Stick

23.95

KRAFT

Kraft Joy Stick

15.95

•

HES

HES Modem

CARDCO (NEW!!!)

63.95

COST

Printer Utility Pkg.

15.95

Key Pad

31.95

53.95

Disk Banks

(holds 10 diskelts)

5.95

63.95

•BOOKS*

Elementary 64

11.25

63.95

Computer Playground

7.95

63.95

Kids and the

1:9.95

Commodore 64

15.95

19.95

NEW!!!

19.95

SUBLOGIC

19.95

Flight Simulator (D)
CREATIVE SOFTWARE

37.95

19.95

Save New York (C)
BLUE SKIES

27.95

34.95

The Last One (D)

79.95

38.95

Script 64 (D)

63.00

18.95

BRDDERBUND

21.95

Lode Runner (D)

27.95

29,95

HES

33,95

Multiplan (D)

79.95

29.95

Maze Master (C)

29.95

33,95

Synthesounrj 64 (D)

27.95

79.95

SCREENPLAY

Ken Uston's Professional

27,95

Blackjack
SOFTSYNC

55.95

14,95

Dancing Feats (D)

23.95

14,95

Dancing Feats (T)

19.95

14.95

Kentucky Derby (T)

15.95

12.95

Kentucky Derby (D)

19.95

16.95

Bridge (C)

19.95

18.95

Space Action (C)
SIMS

19.95

Forms Generator (D)

27.95

239.00

Forms Generator (T|

23.95

67.95

Quiz Me (D)

19.95

33.95

Quiz Me (T)

15.95

33.95

56.95

D = Disk T = Tape (or cassette i C

= Calndg-2

143.00

B = Back Ordered (Delayed oeineryi

and more!

We also carry a targe selection of APPLE. ATARI. IBM, &
VIC-2Q software. We would be pleased to send you our inven-
tory for them.

TO ORDER: Send certified checks, money orders, or use your Master or
Visa Cards and call 1-800-343-8019 From inside New Hampshire call
603-542-6175 Personal or company checks require two to three weeks to
clear. All prices are subject to change without notice. SHIPPING
CHARGES . U.S. orders please add S2.00 (for 1-100 pes.) For C D add
additional SI. 70. 2 Day Air (UPS) add S4. 00. CANADIAN ORDERS; S5.00
surface mail, or 15% of total sale for Air Mail. ALL OTHER COUNTRIES
15% of total sale. Air Mail only. Also all orders over S100.00 must be
insured at .35c per S100.00 Customer must pay all duty taxes
Hours: Monday thru Saturday 8:00 to 10:00 Eastern Time.

UNIVERSAL
SOFTWARE

The Besr Sollware /or Less
P Box 955
Claremont. N H 03743

V75.'i ^^^^

Circle No 123

CALL NOW • 1-800-343-8019 • TOLL FREE

VIC-20 USERS!

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The National vic-20 users Group and the Nation's Leading vic-20
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WRITE TODAY FOR YOUR FREE OFFICIAL ENTRY BLANK,
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THE NATIONAL VIC-20 USERS GROUP
BOX 34575 DEPT. M OMAHA, NE 68134

(VIC-20 Reg, TM of Commodore!

Circle No. 229

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Commobore

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The Alien Group, the world's ONLY
singing speech synthesizer, now grants
the power ot speech to the VIC 20™ and the
Commodore 64™ A commented, all -BASIC demo
program gets the VOICE BOX talking right away, and, since
it can be "taught" to say anything, the VOICE BOX has an unlimited
vocabulary 1 The voice speaks with natural speech inflection controlled either from the pro-
Gram or from the precise, built-in Pitch control. Wo other speech synthesizer has this feature!
Want to add speech to a new or existing BASIC program! The VOICE BOX has FOUR ways
to do it on VIC 20's of any memory size and on any Commodore 64: entirely from BAblU.
or using one of the three machine language programs readily added to other programs -
English text-to-speech the same with the lip-synch -'Alien" face added, or use of the 64 basic
phonemes as input. A challenging spelling quiz that accepts new words (expanded memory
required with VIC 20) is provided on the cassette supplied.

The VOICE BOX plugs directly into the computers user port, comes with built-in speaker,
Volume and Pitch controls and lots of instructions from The Alien Group, the people who got
Atari- and Apple* to speak! ,, nt100 mtn .

Available at leading computer stores everywhere, or order direct by sending S129.00 to.
The Allen Group, 27 W. 23rd St. , NY, NY 10010. Specify whether for VIC 20, Commodore
64 cassette or Commodore 64 disk. Programs for a high-res talking human face and acom-
orehensive music and singing system available on separate cassette for $25.00 (expanded
RAM necessary when used on VIC 20}. Extra main cassette for either computer available

l?c^Qa^' Commodore 64 are trademarks ot Commodore Electron Ltd. VOICE BOX is a trade™* of Trie Mien Group

C64-FORTH

for the Commodore 64

FORTH SOFTWARE FOR THE COMMODORE 64
CW-FORTHffM) for the Commodore 64 - 599 95

• Fig Forth-79 implementation with extensions

• Full feature screen editor and macro assembler

• Trace feature tor easy derjugging

• 320 x 200, 2 color bit mapped graphics

• 16 color sprite an3 character graphics

• Compatible with VIC penpheraS including disks, data
set, modeum. printer and cartridges

• Extensive 144 page manual with examptes and appli-
cation screens

• "SAVE TURNKEY' normally allows appljcaoon pro-
gram distribution without licensing or royalties

C64-XT£NDrTM) FORTH Extension
(or C64 FORTH -S59.95

(Requires original C64-FORTH copy)

• Fully compatible floating point package including
arithmetic, relational, logical and transcendental
functions

» Stnng extensions including LEFTS, RIGHTS, and MIDS

• BCD functions for 10 digit numbers including murtipty,
divide, and percentage. BCD numbers may be used for
DOLLAR CENTS catulatons Without the round-off error
inherent in BASIC real numbers

« Special words are provided for inputting and out putting
DOLLAR CENTS values

• Detailed manual with examples and applications screens
(Commodore 64 6 a trade mark of Commodore)

TO ORDER Specify disk or cassette version

■ Check, money Drder. bank card. COD'S
add 11.50

- Add $4.00 postage and handling m USA and
Canada

■ Mass. orders add 5% sales tax

■ Foreign orders add 20% shipping and
handling

■ Deakr irquiries welcome

PERFORMANCE MICRO PRODUCTS

770 Dedham Street. S-2
Canton. MA 0202 1 _ ,

(617)828-1209 Circle No 32

GOOD PRICES

HUGE SELECTION

Software & Accessories
Upgrades & Repairs

COMMODORE 64

send or call for

FREE CATALOG

Dept. C

PROFESSIONAL MICRO
SERVICES

100 W. 22nd St.

Baltimore, MD 21218

(301) 366-0010

Circle No. 215

February 1984 • COMMANDER 1 121

Letters

To the Editor:

I read with interest your editorial en-
titled "The Education Boom: -Or Bust"
(Sept. 1983}. As an educator in a small
(130 students) parochial school I can cer-
tainly relate to the problem of the shor-
tage of educational computer programs
that are both inexpensive and well-
written, We also have teachers that are
somewhat apprehensive to the idea of
having that strange looking object sitting
in their room. We are, however, looking to
the future and see a strong need for com-
puter literacy among our students.

Weare currently retreating from the use
of computer programs to tutor our child-
ren, with the exception of Mathematics,
simply because of the high cost of soft-
ware in the other fields of academics. We
are instead turning to instructing our
children to become computer literate.

In grades two through six we are in-
structing our children to program in the
PILOT language. We realize that it is a
language made especially for teachers,
but for instructing children of that age to
program, we feel it is second to none. The
kids love graphics! We are currently using
the VANILLA PILOT made by Tamarack
Software and have written our own self-
teaching manual so the children are pro-
122/ COMMANDER • February 1984

gramming without the aid of a teacher
most of the time.

In grades six through eight we instruct
our children in the BASIC language. Our
kids also use adventure games extensively
in that grade level.

We will be introducing the LOGO
language just recently released by Com-
modore within the next two months in
our first and second grades. We will also
be writing our own manual for that.

My point is that you do not have to be a
well-funded organization to have what
will look like a well-funded computer
literacy program.

A little looking to the future wili show
you that tutorial-type programs are not
necessarily the way to go. Teachers have
been tutoring successfully for hundreds of
years and kids should not be taught to
turn to computers for the answers the rest
of their lives when that three pounds of
gray matter called the brain has been do-
ing that job successfully for 6000 years.

Training the child to write programs,
however, not only exercises that brain to
its fullest potential through the building of
logical and mathematical skills, but it also
prepares the child for what will promise to

be a very competitive job market in the
future.

DTD

Computer Use Coordinator

St. Paul's Lutheran School

To the Editor:

In October 1982, I decided after some
initial reading that a word processor had
numerous advantages over replacing my
old manual typewriter with an expensive
electric version. Magazine ads for
80-column boards for the VIC-20,
especially coupled with maximum mem-
o/y expansion, led me to begin assembling
a professional quality system. I first bought
the VIC, then the Gemini-10 dot matrix
printer, Cardco Card/? printer interface,
C2N cassette unit, Data 20 64k 80-column
Video Pak and their Micro Expansion
Chassis, USI Pi3 12" amber monitor and
the powerful Quick Brown Fox word pro-
cessing cartridge. I eventually added the
1541 disk drive and the unusual, and pro-
bably rare, PRS remote keyboard.

The point is that I had to buy a lot of
computer magazines, write letters to
many companies and worried about each

expenditure, for fear it wouldn't work as
the literature implied. Then after I had all
the above up and running, I discovered
COMMANDER. Colin Thompson's col-
umns for the VIC and Commodore 64
alone are worth the price of the subscrip-
tion.

Thank you and keep up the good work.
You are now my most valued computer
magazine, especially because of Colin
Thompson. I am not a programmer nor
very interested in games. His "user-
friendly" software and general articles
have paid for my subscription several
times over.
DB
Medford, Oregon

To the Editor:

I'm trying to track down a listing or
catalog of available software packages
that cover the routine statistical
treatments compatible or written for the
Commodore 64. Several thick catalogs for
Apple statistic program packages exist,
but I haven't had luck in tracking down a
comparable listing for the 64.

Thank you,

JRH

Missoula, Montana

To the Editor:

Do you know of any commercially
available software (cassette or cartridge)
which performs diagnostics on the C-64
and peripherals to determine if all systems
are operating as they should?

Thank you.

CC

San Jose, California

To the Editor:

I felt you would like to know how much
I am enjoying the magazine. Because I am
an active amateur radio operator, the col-
umn by Jim Grubbs, (Command Post) has
been especially informative.

Thanks for the good work . . .

RRS

Rialto, CA

The editors of COMMANDER
welcome your comments and ques-
tions about the magazine's content,
software or hardware problems you
have experienced, or ways to im-
prove the use of Commodore com-
puters and related products. Some
letters that we print pose general
questions, and we'd appreciate
responses from readers who have
relevant information. In all letters,
please include your name, address,
and phone number, and briefly
describe both your computer equip-
ment and your main uses of it.

C0MM0D0RE-64

and VIC-20 users!

m

e*i

/

V "* ■;.

*S&

*Z5*#

Short
on Price
end Size,
long on Quality 1 .

IMPACT PRINTER
COMES COMPLETE
WITH ALL 20/64
INTERFACES
CABLES

impact Printer
by fidelity
Electronics

4"X4.5"2"

129'^

Send Chetl or M C
+ i6 95 Shipping

■ 'Handing

FT

Features: High quality print head-MCBF equal
to 500,000 lines, 5X7, 30cps impact dot matrix,
144 dots per line, 2.25"w plain paper roll and
cartridge ribbon included up to 40 column
width, lower case descenders, upper/lower
case characters, can reproduce the entire
20/64 graphics set, dot addressable graphics,
supports custom character capability, reverse
character mode, permits user selection of two
character sets. Transformer included. 90-day
warranty. N.Y. residents add applicable sales
tax.

All Major Credit Cards Accepted

Circle No. 95

DEALER

INQUIRIES

INVITO)

"Call THE Printer fxeerts" far Information and Orders

SSST 1 Toil-Free 1-800-645-4710

development /;„ N.Y., outside cont.U.S. 516-221-3000)

CORP x

2951 MERRICK RD. DIPT. 12 BElLMORE,NY 11710

Vic 20 and Commodore 6* ore trademarks of Commodore Electronics Lid

February 1984 ■ COMMANDER 1123

COMMODORE B-4

software service

education - entertainment - word processing
telecommunications - business - technical

All programs tested and

refined for the Commodore 64.

$3 per program, -

disk or cassette

Send $2.50 for catalog

Public Domain Software Service

P.O. Box 1490

El Cerrito, CA 94530

Catalog charge applicable to first purchase.

Circle No. 138

Disk Software for the Commodore 64™

JOT-A-WORD™

A computerized version of the old five letter word
game. Simply pick a secret five letter word (one of the
almost 5000 words contained on the disk) and then
play against the Jot-A-Word Genie or simply play a
solitaire version. Start by typing in a five letter word.
The Genie responds by telling you how many letters
your guess and the secret work have in common. Don't
try to cheat, because the Genie is too smart and it will
not accept non-words or continue a game that you have
given it wrong scores. This is a simple but stimulating
game for ages 9 to senior citizen. A real challenge to
your intellect, reasoning powers, logic and deduction
skills. It's simply hard to beat; as a fun and educational
experience! Graphics and music add to the enjoyment.

ONLY $29 95

micro
uinrE

1342BRT.23
BUTLER, N.J. 07405

Dealers & Distributors
Inquiries Invited

201-838-9027

S3

VISA

dRANi

Circle NO. 55

The Genie is hard to beat!'

GAME CONTEST

The contest will end March 15, 1984. Entries must be mailed to
COMMANDER, Your Program in Pilot Contest, PO Box 98827,
Tacoma, WA 98498. Your program must be on diskette or cassette,
and include a copy of your sales receipt or invoice. All entries will
become property of Tamarack Software, Inc., and will be nonreturn-
able unless accompanied by a self -addressed mailer with sufficient
postage attached.

DEADLINE FOR ENTRIES
MARCH 15 # 1984

VANILLA PILOT or PILOT II may be purchased from any
one of Tamarack Software's fine dealers.

TERMS FOR GAME CONTEST

A new twist to the Game Contest. The
time has come for you to try your hand 'at
programming. Who can write the best
program in VANILLA PILOT or the new
PILOT II?

Stop! Don't try pressing the panic but-
ton—we hid it! Anyway, it's easy! People
from kindergarten to grandpas are al-
ready using VANILLA PILOT and loving it.
Now with our advanced Pilot, you get a

double scoop— an easy to use Pilot lan-
guage using virtually all the capabilities of
the Commodore- 64 and an expanded
manual to help you learn.

OK, got your thinking cap on? Here's
the rules, You can write any kind of pro-
gram that your mind can dream up.
Make it innovative— we will be looking
for the best idea and how well you pro-
grammed that idea. Anyone can enter,

except employees of Tamarack Soft-
ware, Inc., and their families. The grand
prize of $150 will go to the best overall
program. There are two first prizes of $75
and two second prizes of $50 to be
awarded to two groups, one— Jr. High
and younger, and two— High School and
up.

February 1984 • COMMANDER 1 125

Victory software

INTRODUCES

TH WARRIOR SERIES

M ETAMORPHOSIS SIMS

You stumbled into the nest of the Cvglorx
and find vourseff fighting off robot tanks
guarding the Cyglorx eggs. You think you
have everything under control and then
the eggs start hatching. Commodore 64
version features 4 different screens.
Available for COMMODORE 64 and VIC-20
Played wim JOYSTICK

/\ C REATOR'S R EVEMOE $1895

^I^The creator assembled a massive army of robots and insects
to take revenge on She earth. Destroy insects, get treasures, and
get the neutron bomb deactivator. Battle robots and destraythe
neutron bomb before it annihalites your city. Miss and you musl
face the mutants. Features 4 different screens.

Available for COMMODORE 54. Played with JOYSTICK.

A L ABYRIHTH OF T HE CREATOR S19.95

^|^ Journey into the most complex and dangerous fortress ever
build by the creator. You will encounter deadly robots, skulls,
lakes, avalanches, false creators, and a creature who roams
256 rooms relentlessly pursuing you.

Available for COMMODORE 64. Played with JOYSTICK

B OUNTY H UNTER

$19.95

An adventure in the Old West. Journey back with us into
the days of Jessie James and Billy the Kid where the only

form ot justice was a loaded revolver and a hangman's nocse.
In this lull-length text adventure, you

■* play the role of Bounty Hunter, battling

against ruthless outlaws, hostile Indi-
ans, wild animals and the elements of
the wilderness with only your wits and
your six gun. Average solving time: 20-
30 hours. If you love adventures, this
one is a real treat.

Available for COMMODORE 64 and VIC-20
(with 8K or 16K expander). Played with Key-
board.

>».-

BROOKS

$14.95

Earth's surface is threatened by collapse from a strange
group of creatures who bore out the earth's crust to make
their dens. Your objective is to enter the creature's habitat and
spin the invaders to death.

Available for COMMODORE 64. Plaved wilh JOYSTICK

Programs for the VIC-20
and the COMMODORE 64.

All games available on
TAPE or DISK.

All Arcade-Style games

are packed full of

MACHINE CODE.

Climb ladders, avoid the barrels the cra-
zy ape is rolling at r—

you, and rescue the
damsel. Commodore 64
version features 4 dif-
ferent screens!
Available ror COMMODORE
64 and VIC-20. Played with
JOYSTICK or KEYBOARD.

GRAVE ROBBERS $19-95

Introducing the first GRAPHIC ADVEN-
TURE ever available for the VIC-20 or COM-
MODORE 64! With realistic audio-visual effects,
you explore an old deserted graveyard and
actually see the perils that lie beyond.

Available tor COMMODORE 64 and VIC-20. Plaved with
KEYBOARD

CHOMPER MAM $19.95

Don't let the bullies catch you as you

gobble the goodies! This program has 8

screens and still tils in the

■ #, j- standard memory.

«

Available (or COMMODORE 64
and VIC-20, Played with JOY-
STICK or KEYBOARD.

V,. $-*•

illustrations Elizabeth Hauck

13

Check your LOCAL DEALER or order directly.
ORDERING: We accept personal checks, money orders,
VISA and MASTERCHARGE. Charge orders please in-
clude number and expiration date. Overseas orders
please use charge or have check payable through a
U.S. bank. Add S1 .50 postage and handling per order
PA residents please add 6% sales tax.

J

Circle Mo. 48

Micro Spec

SOFTWARE MEANS

BUSINESS FOR THE

COMMODORE 64

When it's time to get serious, it's time to boot up
MicroSpec business software. Our complete line
of business software is made to give you some real
applications for your Commodore 64. From data
base management to full accounting software, we
have the package for you.

It's attention to detail that makes our packages
so beautiful and makes them stand out from the
rest. We realize that most people are first
time users, so we designed all our packages to
be completely menu driven and user prompt-
ed for each input. We also know that most
people use only one disk drive, so we
designed all our packages to virtually
eliminate disk swapping. Other features like
non destructive input routines really make
our software easy to use. But all this doesn't
restrict you. Pure random access file struc-
ture maximizes your disk capacity and
allows you to bring up any record for viewing
in less than a second.

In our efforts to put together the best pack-
ages available, we worked on more than the
software. We took the same approach with the
documentation as the software. We made it com-
plete and easily understood for the first time user.
We even provide sample reports in many cases.

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The Demonstration Package, which shows how
each program runs, is available for $19.95. So, if
you're serious about your 64, call or write for a
complete brochure or go right down to your
nearest computer retailer for a demonstration.

WHEN YOU AND YOUR 64 ARE READY TO GET DOWN TO BUSINESS

GIVE US A CALL

rfa

Circle No. 28

P.O. BOX 863085 • PLANO, TX 75086
(214)867-1333

February 1984 • COMMANDERI\27

ttfiB»*}2

mMt^

PaperClip 64 (Disc) Professional Word Processor

PaperClip 64 (Cassette)

PowerFile Personal Filing System

Delphi's Oracle 64 - Professional DataBase System

FlexFile 2.1 Data Base

Orbyte Accounting Software

Inventory Control*
General Ledger*
Payroll*

Accounts Payable*
Accounts Receivable*
Word Controller
Mail Controller
Comm-File
Stock Analysis
Money Manager
Basic-A Tutorial

"Buy any two and pay only 47.95!

Spreadsheets

Calc Result Advanced

Calc Result Easy

Multi-Plan Professional Spreadsheet

PractiCalc

Rainbow Series

Personal Finance Assistant
Filing Assistant
Writer's Assistant
Spreadsheet Assistant

Continental Software

The Home Accountant
FCM Mail List Manager
The Tax Advantage

Koala Software (2-program packs)

Spider Eaters &

Instant Programmers Guide

39.95

KoalaGrams Instant Spelling I &
Instant Programmers Guide

49.95

Spider Eaters &
Koalagrams Instant Spelling I

59.95

Logo Design Master &
Instant Programmers Guide

49.95

Logo Design Master & Spider Eaters

59.95

Coloring Series I Geometric Designs &
Coloring Series II Crystal Flowers and Snowflakes

49.95

Ask for our catalog!
Open 7 days.

New!

Performance for
your Commodore 64

79.99

Simon's Basic . .

19.95

85.00

DOODLE ■ Color Sketch Pad

29.00

98.00

Over the Rainbow ■ The BEST Cube Game

29.00

89.99

25 00

79.00

Neutral Zone ■ Access disk

25.00

Neutral Zone ■ Access cassette

25.00

Flight Plan IFR -Academy Software

23.00

34.95

Temple of Apshai - disk

26.95

34.95

Temple of Apshai - cassette

26.95

34.95

Jumpman • disk or cassette

28.50

34.95

34.95

Educational Software

47.95
39.95
69.95
47.95
64.95
54.95

Spinnaker

Alphabet Zoo- disk

24.95

Alphabet Zoo - cartridge
Cosmic Life -cartridge

24.95
24.95

Delta Drawing - cartridge

28.95

Pacemaker - disk

24.95

Fraction Fever ■ cartridge

28.95

Kids on Keys- cartridge

24.95

Kindercomp-disk

24.95

98.00

Kindercomp- cartridge

24.95

69.95

Story Machine • cartridge

24.95

74.95

Up For Grabs - cartridge

24.95

47.00

Hey Diddle Diddle -disk

24.95

Hey Diddle Diddle - cartridge

24.95

In Search ol The Most Amazing Thing - cartridge

21.95

39.95

Rhymes and Riddles - disk

21.95

64.95

Snooper Troops 1 -disk

28.95

64.95

Snooper Tropps 2 - disk

28.95

64.95

Math by The Numbers - Jim Micheli

29.95

55.95

USI PI3 Amber Monitors

138.00

39.00

MSD Super Disc Drive

355.00

44.95

MW 302-C Parallel Interface

62.50

Buscard IEEE Interface

150.00

Koala Pad - touch tablet

69.00

WICO trackball

34.95

39.95

New! Disc Drive Cooling Fan - Ian only

49.95

New! Disc Drive Cooling Fan • with surge protector

64.95

PREFERRED CUSTOMER CARD

This card entitles bearer to 5% off on all future software orders.
When ordering, please give preferred customer account number.

CUSTOMER NAME

ACCOUNT NUMBER

TOLL FREE ORDERS: -a.. —

1-800-558-4801 mUm

IM WISCONSIN CALL COLLECT I414> 291-5123

FOR TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE CALL (4 1 4) 29 1-5 123

Get this Discount Card with your order.

WE PAY FOR SHIPPING*

V 'All software shipped at no additional charge via UPS 2nd Day Air. Add $4. for Next-Day Air Express Service.
I) CALL TOLL FREE 1"800"558-4801 In Wisconsin Call (414) 291-5123 Collect

'/ COMPUTER LEARNING CENTER a Rr

l\ PO Ft™ 174P4 Milwaukw WIT*? 17 I M * - * I

P.O. Box 1 7424 Milwaukee. Wl 532 1 7

Circle No. 141

€xclusive needs. . . exclusive source!

Hardware & Peripherals

VIC-20 Business & Professional Software

Commodore 64'

S1 95.00

VTE/CTE Terminal Program for VIC & C6*

Cassette 8.95

Commodore B128 Computer 1 (128K)

895.00

Diskette 12.95

MSD Single Disk Drive (30 Free Program)

VT-40 VIC 40 Col Terminal Communicator

(Vic 1541 Compatible)

CALL

VIC Super Expander 1

5500

Star Gemini — 10 Printer

VIC Programmers Aid Cartridge 1

45,00

with cable interface 8

389.00

VIC Intro to Basic Part l& II

45.00

Star Gemini — 15 Printer

Home Inventory 2 Cassette 10.00 Disk 1200

with cable interface 8

575.00

Household Finance 2 Cassette 25,00 Disk 25.00

CIE Cartridge (IEEE-488 for C64)

85.00

Hes Writer for VIC-20 d

Cartridge 39.95

RS-232R Interface for Vic or C64

45.00

Hes-MON for vlc-204

Cdrtridge 39.95

CPI Parallel Interface for VIC or C64

65.00

Hes-Turtle Graphics"

Cartridge 39.95

VEX-3 Expander for VIC

19.00

VIC-20 Data Base (Powerful)

75.00

VEX-6 Expander for VIC

55.00

Quick Brown Fox VIC-20' 2

55.00

4 Slot Expander for C64

55.00

Recreational Software

V3K Static RAM Expansion

15.00

VIC-20:

V8K Static RAM Expansion

39,00

Logic Games 2

Cassette 10.95

V16K Static RAM Expansion

69.00

Action Games 2

Cassette 15.00

V24K Static RAM Expansion

99.00

City Bomber & Minefield 2

Cassette 15.00

40/80 Col VIC Video Expander w/SK'o

130.00

Apple Panic Game 2

Cartridge 25.00

40/80 Col VIC Video Expander w/64K 1 °

325.00

Spills & Fills 2

Cartridge 25.00

80 Col C64 Video Expander 13

149.00

Pipes 2

Cartridge 25.00

Z80 Video Pak for C64"°

250.00

Choplifter Game 2

Cartridge 25.00

Light Pen for Vic or C64

30.00

Serpentine

Cartridge 25.00

VMC/CMC/VIC & C64 Monitor Cables

1000

EPYX-Rescue at Rigel (16K Extra) 3

Cassette 29.95

Joy Stock (Arcade Quality)

19.00

C64:

TTX 1014 (Daisy Wheel Printer) 15 CPS"

499.00

Pacemaker**

29.95

Gorilla Banana Monitor

85,00

Hey Diddle Diddle 1 -

25.00

Numeric Keypcid C64 & VlC-20

65.00

Moondust 2

25.00

C64 Business & Professional Software

Wordpro 3 + Wordprocessing 5
Info Designs Soft Pak (G/L, A/R, A/P) 6
Data Base for C64
Financial Spreadsheet for C64
Super Sprite

Mailing List 64

65.00

150.00

95,00

135.00

Cassette 35.00

Disk 35,00

Cassette 20,00

Disk 25 00

Save New York 2

Drelbs 15

Fort Apocalypse 15

Phoroah's Curse 15

Protector 15

Sentinel 15

Shamus 15

Survivor 15

EPYX-Upper Reaches of Apshai 3

25.00
25.00
25.00
25,00
2500
25.00
25.00
25.00
Disk 15.00

Personal Finance C64

65,00

EPYX-Curse of Ra 3

Disk 15.00

Quick Brown Fox C64 12

55.00

VIC-20 & C64:

Graphic Printer Utility (Epson Gemini)

15.00

In Search Of... 14

29.95

Paper Clip

115.00

Snooper Troops 1 "

29.95

Easy Script

65.00

Rat Hotel 2

25.00

Checkbook Manager

45.00

Astroblitz Game 2

Cartridge 25.00

Smart 64 Terminal

Cassette 20.00

Trashman Game 2

Cartridge 25.00

Disk 35.00

EPYX-Temple of Apshai 3

Disk 30.00

Vanilla Pilot

25.00

EPYX-Sword of Fargoal 3

Disk 25.00

C64-Forth

55.00

EPYX-Crush, Crumble Chomp 3

Disk 25.00

"Human Engineered

'Commodore mi Software

r MSD mc ,c Data 20 Corp

,3 Ccidco

: Creative Software ; Professional Software 5 Star Micronics. mc "Teletex C.C

'■•Spinnaker

3 EFVX Software 3 lnfo Designs Software g Amdex Corp. ,! Quick Brown Fox Inc.

'^Synapse

Call Toll Free 1-800-527-7573 For Latest Price Information In Texas Call: [214) 484-7836
Complete Catalog Available Upon Request We Accept Master Card, Visa and American Express
Southwest Micro Systems Inc. • 2554 Southwell • Dallas, Texas 75229 CfCle No 5 4

February 1984 • COMMANDERI129

Cyberworld, the science fiction adventure challenges you to accomplish the missions of the CYBERLEAGUE. You must
infiltrate a Drokon warship by moving through the ship's corridors via joystick while dodging death. The entire sequence is in
stunning 3D! Then you must steal the ship and fly through alien-ridden guadrants of space as you return to CYBER where you
must fend off the Zaxxars with laser cannon and quick refiexes. And there is more as the action moves to Deep Space!
Suggested retail price: 549.95 • We accept check, money order or VISA /MASTERCARD
AVAILABLE ON DISKETTE ONLY • DEALER AND DISTRIBUTOR INQUIRIES INVITED
Buy other fine Progressive Peripherals &. Software products at your local dealer, or order directly-
Progressive Peripherals & Software • 2189 S. Holly St., #2, Denver, Colorado 80222

ORDER HOTLINE: (303) 759-5713
® Commodore 64 is a registered trademark of Commodore Business Machines. c '" Lle No " 58

130ICOMMANDER • February 1984

flE 64

VIC 20

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560 San Antonio Road, Suite 202 Palo Alto, CA 94306
(415)964-8788

Circle No. 172

FIGURE 3

FILENRME:

MULTIPOKE

.OBJ

LINE

9DDP

:obe

LRBEL

OPC

OPERAND

COMMENTS

0001

933C

****#*#********#**

0902

033C

* MULTIPOKE V1.0 *

0803

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; ** ******■*****♦*.*'**

0004

033C

! <C)1983 BV

0305

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; BV ERIC OIOUERE

000S

833C

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0^07

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CHROET

EQU

SBB73

0009

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CHPO0T

EQU

«0079

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033C

LOC

EQU

SFB

00 J

033C

POINTR

EQU

*FD

001 1

0330

EVRL

EQU

tftB9E

*0B9E FOR VIC

0012

0330

CONVRT

EQU

*B7F7

*B7F7 FOR VIC

0013

0330

INT

EQU

*64

0014

0330

0015

0330

ORG

S033C

PROGRRM STARTS IN CASSETTE

0016

0330

t

BUFFER

0017

0330

R9

4C

SFTUrin

LBR

#*4C

PLACE THE OPCODES FOR 'JMP'

0019

033E

":"

7C

STR

*7C

AND THE WEBGE RBBRESS INTO THE

0019

0340

09

49

LDA

#<WEBGE

CHROET ROUTINE

S020

0342

85

7n

STR

*7D

0021

0344

R9

03

LB8

ItMOEDOE

0022

0346

85

7E

STR

*7E

0023

0349

60

RTS

WEDGE IS ACTIVATED, RETURN TO

0024

0349

;

BRSIC.

P02?

0349

48

WEDGE

PHR

0026

034R

cs

26

OMP

#'&

CHECK INCOMING CHARACTER

0927

034C

111-

0B

BWE

EXIT

NOT WHRT WE WANT, SO LEAVE

0028

034E

95

7B

LBR

*7B

0029

0350

C9

82

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CHECK TO MAKE SURE PROGRAM IS

ggirjg

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F0

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BEQ

EXIT

RUNNING UF NOT, LEAVE)

0031

0354

R5

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LTJR

*D4

CHECK TO SEE IF QUOTE MODE ON

0032
0033

0356

P0

03

BHE

EXIT

IF SO, LERVE

0339

68

PL9

0034

0359

H0

09

BHE

PROOES

GO TO PROCESSING ROUTINE

0035

033B

003£

R35B

€8

EXIT

PLR

RETRIEVE CHARACTER

0837

0350

C9

39

OMP

#' I

CHECK TO SEE IF COLON

0036

035E

■~:i

81

BOO

JUMP

IF <*3P BRANCH TO JUMP

0039

0360

60

RTS

RETURN

0040

03(5)

40

80

00

JUMP

JMP

$0880

CONTINUE CHROET

0041

0364

;

004?

0364

20

73

08

PROOES

JSR

CHROET

OET FIRST CHARACTER

0043

0367

28

9E

RB

JSR

EVRL

EVALUATE EXPRESSION

0044

0369

20

F7

B7

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CONVRT

CONVERT IT TO INTEGER

004?

036B

R3

64

LBR

INT

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036F

85

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LGO+1

STORE IN POINTER

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BO SAME FOR LOW-BVTE

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85

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CLEAR INDEX VALUE

00*50

0377

85

FD

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POINTR

0951

8379

;

0052

0379

2a

73

88

GET

JSR

OHROET

GET FIRST CHARACTER

0053

0370

F0

16

BEQ

RETURN

IF COLON OR ZERO, LEAVE

0054

037E

20

9E

RB

JSR

EVRL

EVALUATE EXPRESSION

0055

0381

;

F7

B7

JSR

CONVRT

CONVERT IT

0056

0364

fi4

FD

LBV

POINTR

LORD INDEX

0057

0396

R5

65

LTJR

INT+1

LORD LOW-BVTE ONLY

0036

9383

91

FB

STR

<lgc:>,v

STORE IN MEMORY

005?

0399

E5

FB

INC

POINTR

INCREASE INDEX

0060

0390

20

79

00

JSR

OHRGOT

GET LAST CHRRRCTER

0061

038F

F0

03

BEQ

RETURN

IF COLON OR ZERO.. LEAVE

0062

0391

4C

79

03

JMP

GST

CONTINUE LOOP

0063

0394

00S4

0394

40

73

08

RETURN

JMP

CHROET

LEAVE ROUTINE

0065

0397

0066

0397

99

09

RESTRE

LBR

#*C9

RESTORE ORIGINAL

0067

0399

83

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VALUES IN CHRGET

0066

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83

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99

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63

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68

RTS

RETURN TO BASIC

ASSEMBLY COMPLETE.

SYMBOL TABLE

CHR!GET-$0C

73

CHRGOT-S0879 LOC *00FB

POINTR-*00FB EVRL *AB9E

CONVRT-SB"

T7

IHT-

*0864 SETWDG-*?33C

WEDGE— *0349 EXIT *835B

JUMP-

*0361

PROOES-*0354 GET $0379

RETUP,N-*0394 R£STRE-$8397

PROOPBM START: *933

; PROORRM END: *<33FK

Continued from page 30

with complex formulas and expressions as
well as variables. The line:

2©&M*YL,Z + 1,13, X(3):
is perfectly acceptable providing all the
values are within range. One caution:
always deactivate MULTIPOKE before
using the datasette in any way, or else
move it somewhere else in memory.
HOW MULTIPOKE WORKS

I've included extensive comments in the
disassembly of MULTIPOKE, so I'll only
make a few additional ones here. Two
special ROM routines are used by MULTI-
POKE: EVAL and CONVRT. EVAL is a
routine that evaluates {finds the value of)
an expression pointed to by CHRGET and
ending with a comma or a colon. CONVRT
is a routine which takes the value found by
EVAL and converts it into a two-byte in-
teger found at £64 and $65 (in HIGH/
LOW format, not the usual LOW/HIGH).
MULTIPOKE uses these to get and store
the values following the ampersand.
CONCLUSION

Wedges are definitely useful for adding
extensions to BASIC, as in MULTIPOKE,
and to explore the innards of the BASIC in-
terpreter. I hope you find MULTIPOKE and
the concepts presented here useful and
practical. You may send your questions
and suggestions to me in care of COM-
MANDER, R 0. Box 98827, Tacoma, WA
98498.

132/ 'COMMANDER • February 1984

z commodore

C64 computer $199

C1525 printer 209

Easy Script (d) 35

Easy Finance (d) 19

Bonus Pack (d) 15

Logo(d) 35

Educational Games (d) 9

General Ledger (d) 35

The Manager (d) 39

Easy Mail (d) 15

Protector II (d) 25

Gorf (c) 15

Fort Apocalypse (d) 25

Wizard of Wor (c) 15

WordPro Plus 3/64 (d) 55

Simon's Basic (c) 15

Hey Diddle Diddle <d) 22

Curse of Ra (d) 19

R. Redmond

Commodore 54 Specialists

2041 Carthage Road ■ Dept. C

Tucker, GA 30084

Bank check, money order, personal check. Visa
or Mastercard accepted (include card no . enp
date ana signature) Add $2 00 lor shipping
Write lor tree catalog

Circle No. 227

VIC 20 64

LATE ARRIVALS

64 COMMODORE

1541 DISK DRIVE $239

17D1 Color Monitor . , S255 1530 Recorder ..

1525 Printer $239 1600 Modem . , .

1520 Color Ptr ,. S'59 1650 Auto Modem

Hescard S23 Microtek 16K Ram

Has Sound Box ....
Data 20 Exp, Chassis

S59

$59

$156

S82

$13 UMI 3K Ram $56

$56

VIC 20 SOFTWARE VIC 20

APPLIED SYSTEMS

Number Gulper(C) ... $17
Number Chaser(C) ... $17
BRODERBUND
Martian Raider (C) . .. 514
Multisound Synth. (C) $14

SharkTrap(C) $14

Sky Blazer (fl) $27

Seafox(R) $27

AE{R) $27

COMM-DATA

Pakacuda (C) $13

Sketch and Paint (C) . . S13

Eight Ball (C) $13

Invader Educ. Series

(eacrt)(C) $13

COMPUTERMAT

Paratroopers (C) S15

Bug Blast (C) S12

Cricket(C) S12

CREATIVE S.W.

Black Hole(R) $36

Trashman(R) $36

Astroblliz(R) $36

City Bomber(R) $20

Apple Panic (R) $36

Choplifter(R) S36

Serpentine (R) $36

Videomanla(R) S36

Terraguard(R) S36

EPYX

Monster Maze (R) .... $27

Sword of Fargoal(C) . $20

Rlcoehel(C) $14

Rescue at Rlgel(C) . . . S20
Temple olApshai(D) . S27
HES

Gridrunner(R) $27

Raid of IsramlC) $14

Robot Panic (R) S27

Protector (R) $29

Sharr.uSlRl - $27

Predator (R) $27

Syn The Sound (R) ... $39

Aggressor (R) $27

Heswrlter(R) $27

Turtle Graphics [R| ... $27

Hesmon (R) $27

Vic Forth (R) $39

6502 Prof. Dev.Sys.(C) $20

Torg(C) $13

Concentration (C) .... $12

Fuel Pirates (C) $12

Simon (CI $12

VicTrek(C) $13

CoColl(C/D) $27

QUICK BROWN FOX
Prof. Word. Proc $46

SYNAPSE

Harrier (C) $23

Squeeze (C) S23

Astro Patrol (C) $23

TAYLORMADE
FunFractions(C) .... $18
Vic Lemonade (C) ... $12
TchTypingTutor(C) . i $13
T&F SOFTWARE

Word Search (C| $14

Sports Search (C| .... $14
Arcade Search (C| ,..$14
TOTL

Mailing List (C) S14

Time Management (C[ $22
Research Assl.(C) ... $22
THORN EMI

River Rescue (R) S29

Vic Music Comp. (R) .. $29
Submarine Comm.(R) $29

Mutant Herd (R) $29

Fourth Encounter|R| . $29
TRONIX

Galactic Blitz (C) $17

Swarm (C) $20

SldBwlnder(C| 320

Scorpion (R) $27

Gold Fever <R| $27

Deadly Skies (R) $27

UMI

Video Vermin (R| $27

Amok(C/R) $20

Outworld(R) $27

Satellites & Met. (Ri .. $27
Subchase(C) ....... $17

Kosmic Kamikaze (C) . $17
Meteor Shower (C) ... $11
Super Hangman (C) ..$14
Spiders of Mars (R| ... $27

Meteor Run (R) $27

Vlcalc(C) $11

VI Term A (C) $14

VI Cat (C) $17

VI Check (C| $17

Alien Blitz (C/R) $20

Sky Math (C| $11

Space Division (C| . . 511

TheAlien(C) $17

Grand Master(C) ....$27

Renaissance (R) $33

Cloud Burst (R) $20

Sk!bbereen(R| S20

Wordcraft20(R| $65

VICTORY

Adv. Pak 1(C) $14

Adv. Pak 11(C) $14

Annihilator(C) $18

Grave Robbers (C) ... $12

Kongo Kong (C) $18

Trek(C) $12

BATTERIES INCLUDED
Delphis OraclelDI .... 114
Paper Ciip(D) 89

COMM-DATA
(New Vertlona)

SupercudalC/D) 16

Pegassus Odyssey(C'P) 18

Escape MCP(C/D) 18

Toddler Tutor(CD) .... 18
Prim. Math Tu1or(C/0) . 18

Math Tutor(C/D) 18

English lnvaders(C/D) . 18

DATA 20

Pro Word Proc.(C) 21

General Ledger(CI 21

Accounts Rec (C) 21

Else Spreedsheet(C) . . 21

EN— TECH

Studio 64(D) 28

Sprite Fun(C) 16

EPYX

sword Fargoal(C/D) ..20

Crush Crumble(D) 20

Upper Reaches APS(D) 14

HES

Synthe Sound 64(B) ... 34

64 Forth(R) 4D

Time/Money Mgr(D| . . 4B

INFO-DESIGNS

G/L (O) 61

A/P (D) 61

A/R (D) 61

NUFEKOP

ExterminsIOr(C) 20

3-D Man(C) 16

RAINBOW

Pers. Finance Assist (D) 41

PSYCOM SOFTWARE

Personality Analyzer(D) 24

SIERRA ON-LINE

Crossfire(D) 20

SOUTHERN SOLUTIONS

Bill Payer( A/P) 68

Business Man(GrL) .... 6B
Paymaster(Payroll) — 68

Bill Collector! A/R) 68

Wkdgetflnventoryi 68

T 4 F SOFTWARE

Word Search(C) 15

Sport Search(C) 15

Arcade Search(C) 15

TIMEWOHKS

Programming Kit 1(D) . 18

Programming Kit 2(D) . 18

Programming Kit 3 (D) . 18

*4- cr*

SPECIALS

Gemini 10X Printer S289

Gemini 15X Printer $379

Gorilla Banana Printer $199

COSMIC

FllnterfM - COMPUTERS

C*

GEMINI 10X .

. S289

GORILLA ...

. S199

CITOH

Prowriter

. . . $345

Prowrltsrll

. , . $629

Starwriter

. $1149

Prlntmaster

, . $1448

NEC

8023 A.C

. , . $409

3510

. . $1375

3530

. . $1579

3650

, . $1779

7710/7730

. . S1998

PROWRITER . $345
SMITH TPI ... S488

SILVER REEDP .... $669

QUME 11/40+ $1299

OKI-DATA

Mlcrollne82A S39B

Mlerollne83A $636

Mlcrollne34P $958

Mlcroline92 $488

Mlcrollne93 $858

DIABLO

620R $g39

630R $1719

MONITORS

AMDEK

Colorl $239

V300 $139

V300A $149

Color II $449

NEC

GRN(JB1260) . .
GRN(JB1201) ..
ColorComposite
RGB Color

y CBM 64 CALL

1541 DISK DRIVE ... $239

$255 1530 Recorder $59

$239 1600 Modern $59

$169 1650 Auto Modem .. $158

$60 CWB 64 Ret Guide . . $16

$29 The Connection (Into) ..$85

. $339

.. $59

1701 Color Monitor
1525 Printer ..
1520 Color Ptr . .
Card ? (Inlc) ....

Light Pen

Cassetlo Info $29 MSD Disk Drive

Card ? Software S16 PTI 45 Lot Board

Script 64 S77

Caic Result Prof S1 1 4

Calc Result Easy S68

The Home Accountant S48

Oelphis Oracle . . ,S114

Word Pro 3 with Spell 578

. ., $115

. .. $155

. . , $298

. . , $598

MODEMS

HAYES

SmartmodBm $209

Smartmodem 1200 .. $498
Mlcromodem II $259

NOVATION

J-Cat $99

Apple Cat II $259

D-Cat $149

727 BREA CANYON RD„ SUITE 16
WALNUT, CA 91789

ORDER LINES OPEN MON-SAT 8 am - 8 pm

(800) 626-7642

PLEASE FOR ORDERS ONLY
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FOR TECHNICAL INFO, ORDER INQUIRIES,
OR FOR CALIFORNIA ORDERS

Add $2,50 shipping per software order m connnenial U S. Add S5 OD
shipping per software order lor AK. HI, FPO-APO Add $10.00 Of 15%
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hardware shspomg Calif residenis add 6V?Va sales tax Cashiers
checks or money orders filled with n 2d hours for items in stock
Personal checks rfTuire 4 weeks Iq clear MasterCard and Visa OK for
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final All defecifve returns must have a return authorization number
Please call to obtain one before returning goods lor replacemenl or
repair Prices & availability subject to change

64

SOFTWARE

64

ACCESS SOFTWARE
Neutral Zone (C/D) ... $26
Sprite Master (C/O) ... $27

AVALON HILL

Nukewar(C) $12

Planet Miners (C) $12

Androm. Conquest [C) $14
Midway Campaign (C) S12
North All. Convoy (CI .$12
Comp. Stcks/BndsfC] $15
Computer Football (C| $16

Telengard(C) $16

BATTERIES INCLUDED

Paper Clip (D) $89

D.Base $114

BRODERBUND

Ctiopllfter(R) $29

Serpentine (R) $27

Sealox(R) $27

David's Midnight |D| . , $23

COMMODORE

Easy File (D) $75

Easy Finance (D) . . . $38

Easy Mail (D) $36

Easy Script (D) $75

Easy Schedule (D) . . , $59

Logo(R) S75

Pilot (D) $75

Assembler(D) $38

Music Machine (O) ... $25
Music Composer (D) . . $25

MezaMuslc(D) $75

VideoMuslcSupl.(D) $38

Jupiter Lander (R) $25

Radar Rat Race (R) ... $25

SeaWolf(R) $25

Klckman(R) $25

COMM-DATA

Pakacuda . (C)$14(D)$18
Escp. MCP . (C|$14(D)S18
Centropods (C)$14(D)5lS

COMPUTERMAT

Aroade-Pak (C) $18

Educatton-PakfCI $18

CREATIVE SOFTWARE

Moondust(R) $25

Trashman(R) $25

Save New York (R| . . , $25

Astroblltz(R) S25

Household Fin. (D) ... 525

DATA 20

Video Pak 80 $139

Z60 Video Pak S229

EN-TECH

Finance Calc 64 $34

Data Base 64 $56

Invoice Ease 64 $56

EPYX

Temple of APS (D) ,..$27
Upper Reach. APS (D) $14
Jumpman(D) . , $27

HES

HES Modem $59

6502 Prof.Dev.Sys.(C) . $22

Hesmon 64 (R) $27

Turtle Graplcs II (R) .. $41

Heswrlter64(R) $32

Grldrunner(R| $27

Retroball(R) $27

INFOCOM

Zorkl.llorlll(D) $27

Deadline (Dl $35

Starcross (D) $27

JIN SAM

Mlnl-Jinl(R) $75

LITTLE WIZARD
Pro.Mall.Llst (C)$22(D)$25
Stockm aster

(Inventory] (C)$25(D|$28
LOGISTIC

Datacalc64 (C) $55(0) $59
Home Journal (D) .... $55

M1CROSPEC

Payroll System (D) ... $73
Inventory Pkg(D) .... $73
General Ledger(D) , . . $73
Disk Data Mgr(D) .... $62

MallUstMgrfD] $41

Checkbook Mgr(D) ... $39
M-SOFT

M-Flle(D) S89

ON-LINE

Frogger(O) $23

Jawbreaker [Dj $20

PACIFIC COAST SOFT.
PCS (60 Col 3D, Word Proc,
D.Base, Spreadsheet) CALL
Account PAC (C/D) ... $34

FilePAC(D) $30

Editor PAC(D) $39

Inquire PAC(D) $57

Happy Tutor Typng(D) $16
PROFESS. SOFTWARE
Wordpro3 + /64(D) ... $68
QUICK BROWN FOX
Prof.Word Proc. (R) ... 550
RAINBOW

Writers Assistant .... $95
Spreadsheet Assist. . . $95

File Assistant S95

SIRIUS
BiadeiBlackooodle(D) $27

Type Attack (D) $27

Repton (D) $27

Critical Mass (D) $27

Snake Byte (D) 523

Way Out (D) $27

Fast Eddie (D) $23

Turmoil (D) $23

Spider City (D) , . . $27

Squlsfi'Em(D) $23

Pinal Orbit (D) $27

Alpha Shield (D) $27

SKYLES ELEC. WORKS

Busicalc(C/D) $52

Buslwrlter(O) $72

SPINNAKER

Snooper Troops 1 (D) .$29

Pacemaker (D) $23

Klndercomp(D) $20

Hey Diddle (D) $20

Most Amaz. Thing (D) . $27

SYNAPSE

Fort Apocalypse (C/O) $23

Survivor (C/D) $23

Drelbs(C/D) $23

Pharoh's Curse (C/D) .$23

Protector 1 1 (D) $23

Morgal(D) $23

Shamus (D) $23

TAYLORMADE
Touch Typing Tutor

3.0(D) $21

TIMEWORKS

Rbbrs/Lost Tomb (C/D) $21

Wall Street (C/D) $21

Money Manager(C/D> $21
Data Master (C/D) .... $21
Dungeons of Alg.

Dragons (C/D) $21

TOTL

Text 2,6 . . . (C) $32 (D) $34
Label2.6 . . (C)$15(D)$17
Time Manager 2.6(C) . $24
Time Manager 2.6(D) . $27
Resrch Assist. 2.0(C) . $24
Resrch Assist. 2.0(D) . $27
UMI

Motor Mania (C) $20

Renalssance(C) $27

VICTORY

Annlhllator[C/D> $16

Kongo Kong (C/D) $16

Trek (C/D) $14

Adv. Pack #1 (C/D) ... $16
Adv. Pack #2 (C/D) ... $16
Grave Robbers (C/D) ,. $13
ChomperMan{C/D) ..$18

Circle No. 49

FIGURE 4fl - COMMOBORE 64 VERSION

10 REM MULTIPOKE.BRTA
29 £E iv ! CS4 VERSION
25 :
38 G0SUB888

35 F0PI=8T015 : FOR.T=0TOi5 : &532S8, J, I : NEXT.T, I

49 £53280 ,3, 1 : PRINT" MULT I POKE OK..."
45 PRINT" TQ quit TVPE SVS 919,"

50 END

808 FOR 1*82810931 : REFMJJJ ; POKE I , J : NEXT : SVS828 : RETURN

900 BflTR 169.' 76, i33.i 124.. 169, 73.. 133, 125 , 169, 3, 133.. 126.. 96.. 73

916 DATA 201 j 38, 203, 13, J. 65.. 123.. 20 1, 2, 248 > 7,~ 165" 212, 208, 3

920 IiPTP 104.. 398, 9, 104, 281, 58, 144, 1, 96, 76, 128, O, 32, 115

933 DATA 8, 32.. 158, 173, 32, 247, 133, 165, 100, 133, 252, 165, 101 , 133

943 BATfl

i £9 , . 1 3:

9fV'i r.UTR 3 , 76 • 1 >■ 1. 1 3
970 BATR 125. 169.. 1?6j

153.. 1"

i3, 32, 115, 8, 240, 22.- 32, i3»> xr-s, Sd
165.. 101.. 145, 251 > 230, 253, 32.. 121 , 0.. 240

76, 115, 0, 169, 201, 133, 124, 169, 58, 133

133, 126, 9>3

FIGURE 4B - VIC VERSION

\\?\ ppM MULT I POKE .BATfl

20 REN VIC VERSION

25 :

30 GOSUB8.00

35 FOPI=0TO255 ■ &36S76 ■ T , I , I , T : NEXT

40 £36876 > 8 , .■ .. 27 : PR I NT " MULT I POKE OK . . . "

45 PR TNT" TO QUIT TVPE SVS 919,"

50 END

800 F0RI=828T0931 : READ J : POKE I , J : NEXT : 8VS828 : RETURN

988 TjRTP 169, 76, 133, 124, 169, 73, 133, 125, 169, 3, 183, 126 > 9S> 7

■5 10 BRTA 281.- 38, 208, 13, 165, 123, 201, 2, 248', 7, 165, 212, 208, 3

92R BRTfl I8 4 ' 288 * %■■ 184, 2ei i' 53, 144, 1, 96. . 76, 128, 0, 32, 115

930 BRTfl 0, 32, 158, 205, 32, 247, 215, 165, 100, 133, 252, 165, 101,

94P DATP, 251. 169, O, 133, 253, 32, 115, 8, 240, 22, 32, 158, 205, 32

950 BRTfl 247, 215, 164, 253, 165, 101, 145, 251, 230, 253, 32, 121, 0,

968 DATA 3, 76, 121, 3, 76, 115, 0, 169, 281, 138, 124, 169, 58, 133

133

240

970 DPTP 12'

133, 126

\34ICOMMANDER • February 1984

Continued from page 106

ADVENTURE AND
INTRIGUE FROM BRILEY

Briley Software has released five new,
exciting programs for the Commodore
64.

In the Explorer Series are two new text
adventures which are different each time
the game is played. HIGH SEAS is a game
of 1 9th century swashbuckling adventure,
in which you try to rid the Atlantic Ocean
of cut-throat pirates, and recover the gold
that they have stolen. Seek out islands,
ports-of-cali, and buried treasure, while
fighting off the murderous pirate ships. In
FUR TRAPPER, you are gathering the pelts
of animals in the high Rockies to make
your fortune before the snows of winter
set in. You will encounter breath-taking
views, Indian trading posts (with breath-
taking prices), lost Indian treasures, and a
wide variety of ferocious animals.

In the Detective Series are three new
games of deduction and reasoning. Each
features a graphic map of the building in
which the crime took place, a wide variety
of cooperative (?) suspects, and a different
solution every time! The object of each is
to determine from your limited informa-
tion the name of the criminal, and the
hour at which the crime took place. In
MANSION!, you must determine who
stoie a family heirloom during an elabor-
ate dinner party, In PENTAGON!, you must
find the traitor who has stolen one of
some secret defense plans, MUSEUM!
calfs to report that the Gutenburg Bible is
missing (among other possible treasures).
Put on your gumshoes and find out who
did it!

Each of these games is available on tape
from: Briley Software, Box 2913, Liver-
more, CA 94550-0291, Price: $14.95

each. Circle No. 262

MOSAIC RAMMASTER 32
for the VIC-20

Mosaic Electronics introduces the RAM-
MASTER 32 for the VIC-20 computer. The
RAMMASTER 32 includes many features
that before were only available on pro-
ducts costing much more.

These features include a built-in expan-
sion port so that it can be used with any
cartridge based program without needing
the additional expense of a mother board.
The RAMMASTER 32 features block selec-
table memory so that the user can change
the memory map to meet his specific
needs at that time.

Features include a write protect switch
which protects programs, utilities, etc.
from interference from BASIC, a pause
switch which halts any program in pro-
gress, and a port for a pause/reset cable
for more convenient positions.

The RAMMASTER 32 also features
complete easy, to understand
documentation and a help line. For those
who have any questions, call
1-800/2-ADD-RAM.

The RAMMASTER 32 suggested retail
price is $129.95 and is available now.

Mosaic Electronics c,«i.no2«3

P.O. Box 708
Oregon City, OR 97045
503-653-7885 1 -800-2-ADD-RAM

TYPING GAME FOR C-64

Learn typing skills in a video game space
war format with MasterType from Light-
ning Software, on C-64 disk.

MasterType consists of 18 progressive
lessons allowing the user to develop
mastery of the keyboard at an individual
rate. Each row of keys is separately in-
troduced, presenting individual keys first
and building up to words. After each
lesson, the game reports the number of
words typed per minute and words mis-
spelled or destroyed.

The MasterType package includes a
manual with directions for running the
program, descriptions of the options and
educational implications, hints for win-
ning the game, finger charts, suggestions
for successful touch-typing, directions for
customized lessons and description of the
18 preprogrammed lessons.

Price: $39.95. For more information,
contact Bruce Zweig, Lightning Software,
480 California Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94306
(415)327-3280. c«rd« no. m

PARALLEL
PRINTER INTERFACE

The DATA 20 Parallel Interface is an easy
way to use a parallel printer with a Com-
modore computer. This device takes ad-
vantage of the same technology that pro-
duces LCD watches and calculators. There
are no awkward ribbon cables or boxes to
worry about. With the attractive packag-
ing format it appears to be a cable.
Features:

• Supports the Commodore standard
handshaking protocol-appears to the
system as a 1525 printer.

• Translates the Commodore character
set to ASCII.

• Passes through graphics character.

• Doesnotusepowerfromthecomputer,
the printer, or any external supply.

• Easy to use-simply plug it in, no soft-
ware to load or switches to configure.
Retail price: $49,95. Available from

DATA 20 Corporation, 23011 Moulton
Parkway, Suite B 10, Laguna Hills, CA
92653(714)770-2366. circle no. 265

ZEPPELIN RESCUE

ZEPPELIN RESCUE, on disk and cassette
for the Commodore 64, takes you
through the five different cityscapes on
your rescue mission. You must maneuver
your way through the city, flying from the
tops of buildings to the piers beneath
suspension bridges to save the city
dwellers before its too late. As you rescue
the inhabitants of Los Angeles and your
space-ship takes off, you then advance to
progressively more difficult screens-
starting with daylight, going through
dusk, night and finally, dawn.

ZEPPELIN RESCUE is available for $19.95
on cassette and $24.95 on disk. For ad-
ditional information, contact: Micro Soft-
ware International, The Silk Mill, 44 Oak
Street, Newtown Upper Falls, MA 02164
(617)527-7510. ante no. 266

STATISTICS PACKAGE

Kobetek Systems Limited is pleased to
announce the availability of SPP (Statistics
for Personal Computers), a sophisticated
statistical software package for Commo-
dore 4000, 8000, and 64 series.

The package is menu-driven and in-
cludes: descriptive statistics; cross-
tabulations; correlations; linear, cubic and
quadratic regression; multiple regression;
one-way and two-way ANOVA (unbalanc-
ed if desired); as well as non-parametric
statistics.

Data can be displayed in the form of
histograms, scatter plots, normal prob-
ability plots, box diagrams and tables.
Available from:

KOBETEK SYSTEMS LIMITED
1113 Commercial Street
New Minas, NS

B4N 3E6 Circle No. 267

(902) 678-9800
Prices range from $350.00 to $500.00
for complete packages.

CARIBBEAN ISLANDS
BULLETIN BOARD

The first Bulletin Board System (BBS)
dedicated to residents of the Caribbean
has been established in Puerto Rico. Com-
modore User Group president, Julio Mar-
tinez, reports the BBS is up and running a
Steve Punter version, modified for Com-
modore and a TNW modem. The system 's
hours of operation are from 8 PM to 8 AM
daily. The telephone number is (809)
781-0350.

Sysop Martinez says most users ex-
change programs and club information
notices. He invites callers from the main-
land to log on.

5=IL5|F>^i=IL5|r?:!^IL^|r?

February 1984 • COMMANDER 1 135

GET THE BEST FOR YOUR COMMODORE 64

BUSINESS

- FINANCE CMC 64 • Disk

$45.95

• DATA BASE 64 • Disk

49.95

• MANAGEMENT SYSTEM 64 • Disk

45.95

• FAMILY PAC 64 (3 in 1| • Disk

(CHECKBOOK. RECIPE. EDU-GAME)

45.95

■ CHECKBOOK EASE 64 • Disk

29.95

HESWRITER 64 • Cart.

29 95

HESMON 64 • Cart.

25.95

HES MODEM • Carl.

67.95

TURTLE GRAPHICS II * Cart.

39.95

QUICK BROWN FOX (W.P.) • Cart.

45.95

WRITERS ASSISTANT |W P | • Disk

59.95

FILING ASSISTANT • Disk

67.95

INVENTORY PACKAGE • Disk

77.95

TOUCH TYPING TUTOR • Disk & Cass.

18.95

CALC RESULT EASY • Cart

67.95

CALC RESULT ADVANCED • Disk

127.45

PAPERCLIP [W.P.I • Disk

99.95

M'FILE • Disk

94.95

WORD PROI3 (W.P.I • Disk

71.95

SPELL RIGHT PLUS (DICTIONARY) • Cart.

49.95

DELPHI'S ORACLE [DATA EASE) • Disk

125.95

TIME & MONEY MANAGER • Disk

55.95

OMNICALC (SPREADSHEET) • Disk

79.95

CARDCO PRINTER INTERFACE

54.95

POLICY
All orders are shipped U.P.S. Shipping charges are 52.00 tor
prepaid orders and S3 25 for CO D. For last delivery send
money order, certified check or credit card.
Please allow approximately three weeks for clearance on
personal checks

All items are subject to availability and price change. Thanks
for ordering from House of Software! Call for free catalog!

EDUCATIONAL

HUNDREDS MORE AVAILABLE
SNOOPER TROOPERS I. II • Disk S29.95

KINDERCOMP • Dsk & Crt. 19.95

IN SEARCH OF MOST AMAZING THING • Disk 26.95

PROGRAMMING KIT I • Disk 19.95

FACEMAKER • Disk 22.95

KIDS ON KEYS • Carl. 29.95

FRACTION FEVER • Cart 29.95

PIPES • Cart. 29.70

ENGLISH INVADERS • Disk & Cass. 21.95

DUNGEONS ALGEBRA DRAGONS • Disk & Cass. 19.95

UP FOR GRABS • Carl. 29.95

BENJI'S SPACE RESCUE • Disk 29.95

HOUSE Of
SOFTWARE

'From EN-TECH Soliware

ENTERTAINMENT

STUDIO 64 [MUSIC MAKER) • Disk & Cass. S29.95

GAME DESIGNER • Disk & Cass. 25.95

GR1DRUNNER • Cart. 20,25

TEMPLE OF APSHAI • Disk 25.95

UPPER REACHES OF APSHAI ■ Disk 13.50

CURSE OF RA • Disk 13.50

ASTROBLITZ • Cart. 29.20

SAVE NEW YDRK • Carl. 29.70

PERSONALITY ANALYZER • Disk 28.00

PHANTOM KARATE DEVILS • Disk 29.70

PLANETFALL • Disk 38.20

ENCHANTER • Dish 38,20

SEA FOX • Disk 33.95

CHOPLIFTER • Disk 33,95

PROTECTDR II • Disk & Cass. 24.95

TELENGARD • Cass. 16.S5

FROGGER • Disk & Cass. 22.95

FDRT APOCALYPSE • Disk & Cass 22.95

ROBBERS OF THE LOST TOMB • Disk 19.95

JUMPMAN • Disk 25.95

SWORD OF FARGOAL • Disk & Cass. 20.25

PAKACUDA • Disk & Cass. 11.95

SURVIVOR • Disk & Cass. 22.95

PEGASUS ODYSSEY • Disk & Cass. 19.95

NEUTRAL ZONE • Disk S Cass. 27.95

COMPETITION PRO. JOYSTICK 17 95

To Order Call:

(213) 768-8866

Or
Write To:
HOUSE OF SOFTWARE

9183 Mercedes Ave.* Arteta, CA 91331

SHOW US A BETTER PRICE AND WE'LL BEAT IT!

IF IT'S FOR
AND IT'S C

I THE COMMODORE 64
GOOD, IT'S PROBABLY

MANAGEMENT SYSTEM 64

Trus integrated business program gives you the computer power
once rese^ed for large corporations. Capabilities include invoicing,
inventory control, and customer mailing lists. Disk SG9.95

FINANCE CALC E4

Tne tearJer m home and business financial analysts. You can have
up co 144Q itemized expenses and print "1QB5 different financial
reports and bar graphs, in addition, it keeps and compares as
many as 1£ budgets at once. Disk SB9.95

□ ATA BASE 64

A perfect recond system far any business or home. It can scare
up to 1 2QO records end has up to SO fields for each one . A special
labei and report designer is included, it can also merge with popular
word processors. Disk 55935

GAME DESIGNER 64

Use to animate 16 sprites and design colorful background screens.
Several game sub-routines included. Disk 9335.95

STUDIO 64 SERIES

Anyone can now create music as beautiful as the most advanced
programers could one year Bgo!! Just play and the computer wil]
instantly write the music on the screen. Included are powerful
features ike block move, single note editing and scrolling, ft will save
and recall, add music to your own programs arid print lead sheets.
Disk S39.55

FAMILY PAK [3 in 1] (ALL] 555.95

Three of tne finest home programs available:

• CHECKBOOK EASE 64

Handles aver 13DO transactions. Prints statements, and all types
of checks, and 4Q expense categories. $39,35

• RECIPE KEEPER

Searches by ingredient, category or name. Calculates
measurements for different serving amounts and prints copies.

• SPACE MATH 64

Learn math, explore the universe, dance to the music and watch
the show.

BABIES OF THE DIRT

An earthquake sucks you to the canter of the earth. To escape
you must battle the BABIES OF THE DIRT. But, don't rmss or its
doomsday! Watch out for their mother. $39.95

Circle No 105

NDTEi PROGRAMS ARE COMPATIBLE WITH ALL PRINTERS AND UTILIZE FULL -SCREEN PROCESSING

P.O. BOX 881, SUN VALLEY, CA 91353 • [213] 768-6646

It's time for your
computer to grow up.

Meet PractiCalc." The world's most versatile spreadsheet at only $40.*

Games are fun when it's time to play. But at
heart, your Commodore 64'" or VIC-20" is a full-
grown computer
straining to
gallop at the
touch of your
fingers.

But the problem
is, most software's
been designed for

toys. Not for real Commodore 64 and VIC-20.

Computers. Until HOW. Not just for games...

Now comes PractiCalc. And there's not much
in the world of grown-
up computing it won't
do. It'll keep
addresses {in
alphabetical or
numerical order),
phone numbers
(likewise), make
budgets and menus,
project profits, keep
track of expenses,
inventories, investments, what have you. For
your home, your school, your business.

PractiCalc gives you

Budgets, inventories,
projections, you name it..

F- .i"".!!'' ! .1-''-' '■"*■"

TJl*"J«l-

Spreadsheet analysis . . .

square roots, logarithms, exponential

everything you'd
expect from a
spreadsheet, like
adding and
subtracting,
multiplying
and dividing
calculating

m .»■■«..■'. :-» KM.

High or low
resolution graphics .

numbers and even
trig functions. And
PractiCalc gives you
a lot more.

Want to make
a chart? Hit a key
and the high or low
resolution graphics of
PractiCalc Plus or
PractiCalc 64 wili turn
numbers into graphs. It'll even print out
everything that shows on the screen.

Want a lot of facts and figures at your
fingertips? PractiCalc stores more than 2,000
cells in up to 100 columns and 250 rows. It'll
sort them, search them, or shuffle them for you.

You can add
entries, delete them,
or move them around
-numerically or
alphabetically, and
instantly of course.
And you'll find
PractiCalc unusually
friendly, flexible, and
forgiving.

All of which is a far cry from just playing with
a joystick. Still,
PractiCalc has one
thing in common
with a
computer
game.
The price.
Only $40.

High-speed and
wild card search...

Jz£i.vmm t-f .1 ^*

w*

Alpha or numeric sort..

PractiCalc by

fc COMPUTER

___^^_ _| SOFTWARE

MW ASSOCIATES. INC.

Exclusively distributed by Micro Software International, Inc.

The Silk Mill, 44 Oak Street, Newton Upper Falls, MA 02164 • (617) 527-7510

•$40 is suggested retail price (or tape version of PractiCalc-20 ($45 for disk version; PractiCalc Plus or PractiCalc 64 ■ $50 for tape version, S55 for disk).

© 1983 Computer Software Associates, Inc. Commodore 64'" and VIC-20™ are trademarks of Commodore Business Machines, Inc.

Circle No. 91

-

H commodore

SOFTWARE FOR C-64

Business

Multiplan S 89.00

WordPro 3 - ,64 w'SpeflRight Plus . . .$ 79.00

SpellRight Plus S 55.00

Easy Script S 45.00

Calc Result (Advanced) S 125.00

Calc Result (Easy) S 75.00

Mirage Concepts (65000 records) ... $ 95.00

M-File (merge w/wordpro) S 89.00

Home Accountant (Continental) ., $ 69.00
Code Writer

(writes basic programs) S 95.00

Easy Finance S 22.00

Complete Accounting

G/L, Am. A/P. P.'R, INV S 75.00

Entertainment
Assembler Package (cassette or disk)

(compiled, includes editor loader.

disassembler) S 39.00

Spnte Master , S 30.00

Neutral Zone S 35.00

Vic Tree (programmers utilities) S 75.00

Commander Ultra

(terminal package) S 59.00

MSD Super Disk (Single) . . S 395.00

MSD Super Disk (Dual) S 695.00

80 Column Expander S 55.00

Vic 1600 Modem S 75.00

Vic 1650 Modem S 109.00

Hayes Smart 300 Modem S 249.00

Hayes Smart 1200 Modem S 629,00

Vic 1530 Datasette S 60.00

CBM 1520 Printer Plotter S 179.95

5 Slot Expander (64) S 65.00

6 Slot Expander (vie) S 70.00

16 K Ram (vie) S 70.0D

64 Relay Cartridge S 45.00

Numeric Key Pad (vie & 64) S 35. DO

Programmers Ret Guide S 18.00

Alien Voice Box (Talks & Sings) S 89.00

Verbatim Diskettes:

Single Sided Single Density S 26.00

Single Sided Double Density S 30.00

Double Sided Double Density S 42.00

Texas Instruments LCD Programmer. . . S 55.95

ACCESSORIES

INTERFACES

Inte-pod (full compatibility! 1 )

(Intelligent IEEE & RS232) Call

The Connection

(full graphics of 64) S 95.00

Cardco Parallel Interface S 70.00

RS-232 Communications Interface . . . . S 45.00

Vic Switch S 149.00

ADA 1800 (Parallel) S 129.00

ADA 1450 (Serial) S 149.00

PeWO-IEEE Cable S 39.00

lEEE-to-IEEE Cable S 49.00

4 Prong A V Cable S 15.00

Cuslom Computer Cables
(we make to your specifications) .... Call

MONITORS

CBM 1702 Color Monitor S 249.00

Panasonic CT-160 Color S 279.00

Panasonic TR- 120 Green Screen S 169.00

Panasonic TR-120 Amber Screen , . . . S 179.00

Amdek Color Plus S 295.00

Amdek300A S 175.00

LETTER Ql AUTY PRINTERS

Transtar 120 (60 column) .. , S 495.00

Transtar 130 (132 column) S 769.0D

CBM6400 Printer S1425.00

NEC Spinwriter . . . Call

CBM 1525 30 cps. .. S 235.00

CBM 8023 150 cps S 539.00

CBM 4023 100 cps. (IEEE). S 339,00

CBM 1526 100 cps. (serial) S 349.00

Epson MX-80 FT 80 cas S 549.00

Epson RX-80 120 cps Call

Epson FX-80 160 cps Call

Epson FX- 100 160 cps Call

Okidata 92 (Parallel) S 559.00

DOT MATRIX PRINTERS

Call to Order

1-800-527-1738

All Others Call

1-214-231-2645

Micro-Sys

BUSINESS SOFTWARE — 8032

Panasonic KX-P109Q Printer S 475.00

Star Gemini 10X S 329.00

Star Gemini 15 S 499.00

Executive 64 portable (new) Call

B128-80 128k Bus, Machine (new) . . . Call

SuperPet (5 languages) SI 059.00

CBM 8032 S 625.00

CBM 2031 single disk S 295.00

CBM 8050 Dual Disk 1 meg S 995.00

CBM 8250 Dual Disk 2 meg SI 295.00

CBM D9060 Hard Disk 5 meg SI 995.00

64K Expansion Board S 275.00

SuperPet Upgrade Kit S 695.00

WordPro 4 + or 5^ S 305.00

Visicalc S 199.00

The Manager S 199.00

BPI Accounting System

(5 separate modules) S 325.00

Southern Solutions Accounting

System III (Per Module) . . S 285.00

Superscript II Call

Superbase Call

Superoffice Call

Complete Accounting Systems Call

Mail Pro Call

Cross Compilier (Oxford) Call

Orders under 5000 add 10.00 Handling fee

MasterCard. VISA. Money Order Bank Check

COD (add 5,00)

Add 3% For Credit Cards

All Products Shipped Within 24 Hours

F0.B. Dallas. Texas

All Products Shipped With Manufacturers

90 Day Warranty

PRICES ARE SUBJECT TO

CHANGE WITHOUT NOTICE.

DEALERS INQUIRIES WELCOME

BUSINESS SOFTWARE — B128-K0

D I S I B I I

TORS

641 Presidential Drive * Richardson, Texas 75081 •' 9:30 a.m. -6:30 p.m. (Mon.-Fri.) * 10:30 a.m. -2:30 p.m. (Sat.)

GET THE MOST OUT OF YOUR

COMMODORE

orWIC"20computer

data/vw

Son L_

_JT*

Store L

J File

1 Organize 1

ALSO AVAILABLE

3 outstanding
Music Albums to
go with Synthy-64

Classical

Christmas and

Rag/Sing Along

See below

m

t**t

^

i\*XL

Eri^,

nSI

M

w

r dw

1 1 re*L>
MtwYY

=^Vj^CjJ

slsyj^}

^

Wu

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"c&l

Hi

ifej

H

5tQ^

BRAND NEWI

PROFESSIONAL
DEVELOPMENT
SOFTWARE FOR

QUALITY

APPLICATIONS

See below

ULTRABASIC-B4,..Add 50
commands: graphics,
music, TURTLE and came
features, Tutorial.demo plus.
TAPE ttfl.95 DISK $42.95

aSSEMBLER-MONITQR-64
High speed language
development. Eleven func-
tion monitor. Screen editing
Of source file. DISK 532.95

DATAMAT-64,,, Simple
powerful data base manage-
ment with search, sort,
report capability at low price.
DISK 137.95

SYNTHY-64... Sets the standard for all of the rest.
Best 64-synthesizer anywhere. Samples and manual.
CASSETTE S2S.9S DISK $32.95. Also available: 3 great
companion music albums; Clinical. Chriilnw, and
Ragtlma Sing-Along. DISK $12.95 Each.

CHARTPAK-64... Profes-
sional qualtiy pie, line and
bar charts. Menu driven, in-
teractive, hardcopy.
DISK $42.95

GRAPHICS DESrQNER-84...

Menu-driven drawings, floor
plans and illustrations etc..
Slide program capability.
DISK $32.95

CHECKBOOK MANAQER-64

Simple check account main-
tainance. Optional screen or
printer report and backup.
DISK $22.95

TINY FO.RTH-64/20...EX- SKIER-64...This arcade-
citing language-low price, quality game adds hours of
Powerful, extensible. 200 + action and excitement to
word vocabulary. your Commodore-64-
TAPE $24.95 DISK $27.95 TAPE $14,95 DISK $17.95

ZOOM PASCAL-64... Pro-
duces 6502 machine code
for speed. Floating point, In-
tegers, strings File handling,
DISK $39.95

POOL-64/20-..PIay Fullrack

or nine ball using hires

graphics, vic-20 required 8K

expander.

TAPE $14.95 DISK $17.95

SUPER DISK UTILITY-64...

Speed copy 4 ways: Total,
Bam. Append or File. Dump
or modify sectors. More,
DISK $22.95

SCREEN GRAPH IC$-84Adds
24 hires, multicolor, sprite
commands to 64-BASIC
Demo, tutorial and manual.
TAPE $24.95 DISK $27.95

ANATOMY OF A COMMO-
DORE-64 Complete guide.
Full comment ROMS list, de-
tailed internals, descriptions.
300 PAGE BOOK $19.95

MASTER-64...Full ISAM file management: powerful screen management: excellent printer
generator; programmer's aid; BASIC 4.0 commands: machine language monitor; Soft-
ware developers: NO RUNTIME ROYALTIES; With 150 page manual in three-ring binder
and development software. ,

software ON DISK $84.95 if DEALER INQUIRIES INVITED

FREE CATALOG Ask for a fisting of other
Abacus Software for Commodore-64 or Vlc-20

DISTRIBUTORS
Great Britain :

ADAMS0FT
18 Norwich Ave
Rochdale. Lanes
Wen G«rm«ny:
DATA BECKER

Merowtapersti 30

40CG Dusseldorl
0211/312085

Great Britain

CCl Software

167 Great Portland St

London Wl

01 -636-6354

Sweden:

TIAL TRADING
P0 516
34300 Almhult
476-12304

Canada Ea»t: Canada Weit;

KING MICROWARE LTD L.S I Distributors Ltd
5950 Cole des Neiges B10 W Broadway *163
Montreal, Quebec H3S 1Z6 Vancouver BC V5Z 4C9
514/737-9335 604/733-0211

AVAILABLE AT COMPUTER STORES, OR WRITE:

Abacus ■ Software

Australia:

CW ELECTRONICS

416 Logan Road

Brisbane. Queens

07-397-0808

New Zealand:
VISCOUNT ELECTRONICS
306-306 Church Streel
Palmerston North
63-86-696

Circle No. 69

P.O. BOX 7211 GRAND RAPIDS, MICH, 49510

For postage & handling, add S1.50 (U.S. and Canada), add $3.00
for foreign. Make payment in U.S. 'dollars by check, money order
Dr charge card. (Michigan Residents add 4% sales tax).

FOR QUICK SERVICE PHONE 616-241

5510

February 1984 • COMMANDERn39

AARDUARK LTD

NOW THE BEST COST LESS

DUNGEONS OF DEATH -A serious
role playing game for up to 6
players. You get a choice of
race and characters that
grow from game to game.
You afso get a graphic maze
and a 15 page manual.

Available On: TRSBOC I6K EXT CMD64. VIC20 13K.
IBMPC TRSBOC 32K. MC10 16K

TAPE SI 4.95

OISK S19.95

BAG-IT-MAN - The ultimate
arcade game for TRS80C or
MCD64. This one has three
screens full of BAGS OF
GOLD, CARTS & ELE-
VATORS TO RIDE IN. MINE
SHAFTS, and TWO NASTY
GUARDS. Great sound and
color and continuous
excitement.

Available On TRSBOC 32K. CM064

TAPE SI 9.95 OISK $24.95

^nsr f ~- i

(§/

\

an

If*.

\

I

— " r t^Y /JSb*y

V"»3L

Fj»^5

■**

■= Z7*~~

QUEST - A different kind of
Graphic Adventure, it is
played on a computer
generated mape of Alesia.
You'll have to build an army
and feed them through
combat, bargaining, explo-
ration of ruins and temples,
and outright banditry! Takes
2-5 hours to play and is
different each time.

Available On: THS80C t6K. CMD64. VIC20 13K. MC10
1SK TI99 [EXT, BASIC), IBMPC

TAPE S14.95

disk no ar.

WIZARDS TOWER - A fantasy
game played on a map of
forests and dungeons - with
dragons and wizards to kill.
Similar to QUEST and fun for
adults, but a little simpler
and playableforthe younger
set (8 - 60).

Available On: TRSBOC 16K EXT, CMD64, V1C20 I3K.
TI99. IBMPC

TAPE J14.95

DISK SI9.95

STARFIRE - If you enjoyed
StarRaiders or StarWars
you will love Starfire. It is not
a copy, but the best shoot-
em-up. see them in the
window space game on the
CMD64 or TRSBOC. The
fantastic graphics will put
you right in the control room
as you hyperspace from
quadrant to quadrant
fighting the aliens and
protecting your bases.

Available On: TRSBOC 16K. CM064

TAPES19.95

DISK SiM II:.

PYRAMID - ONE OF THE TOUGHEST
ADVENTURES. Average time
through the pyramid is 50 -
70 hours. Clues are
everywhere and some
ingenious problems make
this popular around the
world.

Available On TRSBOC 16K. CMD64 MCIO 16K. TIMEX
IBM PC. TIM. VO 13K

TAPE SI 4,95

DISK S19.95

AAROVARK offers over 120 original high quality programs.
Send one dollar for a current catalog and receive a S1 .00
gift certificate good towards your next purchase.

Authors -AARDUARK pays top dollar for high quality
programs. Send a copy today for a personal review and
editorial help.

TO ORDER: Send amount indicated plus S2.00 shipping, per order. Include quantity desired and your prelerence of tape or disk.
Be sure to indicate type dI system and amount ol memory. When using charge card to order by mail, be sure to include expiration date.

CHARGE CARDS
WELCOME

1-313-669-3110

PHONE OROERS ACCEPTED
8:00 am to 8:00 p m. E.ST.. MON-FRI

AARDVARK rfctioK Sofawsvte

2352 S. COMMERCE * WALLED LAKE. Ml 48088 * (313) 669-3110

Circle No, 1

CMD64 / TRS80C 7 IBMPC / VIC20 / TI99

Now
PIU

Price
Retail

You Hav€

DTS for \
Compare

VANILLA PILOT

from Tamarack Software
S29.95

* Three C
four Com

i for Your?

PILOT II

from Tamarack Software
$49. 95

Choices of

imodore

self

PILOT

IVom Commodore Business Machines
$59. 95

Software

User friendly {19 descriptive

error messages) .

30 k teft for programming.

User friendly (23 descriptive

error messages) .

21- 29 K left for programming.

Not user friendly (cryptic
one- letter error messages) .
12 K left for programming.

Manual

124 pages

Tutorial (Hands on, beginning

with the very basics).

Many examples.

Good for novice & experienced

programmers.

220 pages*

Tutorial [hands on, beginning

with the very basics).

Many examples.

Good for novice & experienced

programmers.

11 T pages

Written as a reference manual.

Few examples.

Cood for experienced pro-
grammers.

Turtle

Yes, true Turtle Graphics can
face turtle any of 360°.

Lo resolution.

Yes, two ■ Turtle Graphics
modes each can face turtle any
of 360°.
Hi and lo resolution.

No, hot true Turtle Graphics
(Lines drawn require begin-
ning and ending points).

Hi resolution only.

Sprites

No

Yes. Built-in Sprite editor.
Allows interactive develop-
ment.

Yes, but the actual sprite
can't be seen until program is
RUN.

Editing

Edit any line at any time after

listing.

Resident screen editor fully

utilized.

Global features include FIND,

CHANCE, RENUMBER.

Same as Vanilla Pilot.

One line at a time - in edit
mode only.

Resident screen editor not
fully utilized.

Debugging

Both immediate and deferred
mode trace.

Same as Vanilla Pilot.

None.

Program

None.

STUDENT command locks the
program code.

Separate Run-time module.

Protection

■
Variables

26 Numeric variables.
2 strings.

No system variable.

26 Numeric variables.
Allows 8 characters string
names (over 22 billion possibil-
ities)
9 system variables.

* Estimated as of October 2Q,

1983. ,

Final count may vary slightly.

26 Numeric variables .
Limited to 26 strings because
of character string name,
t system variable.

If you are like most people, you'll realize
thet VANILLA PILOT is a 'best buy'

especially since it is compatible with
PILOT II.

PILOT II is a professional level program-
ming language capable of handling your
largest programming projects.

Why not pick up your copy of VANILLA
PILOT or PILOT II from your local
Commodore dealer or software outlet
today ?

Tamarack Software

Darby, MT. 59829

DON'T TAKE
OUR WORD
FOR IT...

MICRO-MATE

Sensibly priced desk-top

accessories to organize and

integrate your personal

computer system.

Don't get stuck
with a cheap
wire stand. Avoid
the static that
plastic can
generate.
MICRO-MATE™
accessaries are
heavy gauge alu-
minum. Standard
and expanded
units slide for-
ward providing
access and stor-
age tor plug-in
devices.

Expanded unit
has multiple out-
lets and switch
convenience.

STANDARD (Ban/Monitor Stand) S29.95

EXPANDED ( Eloc. Base/Monitor Stand) . . . 49.95

PRINTER STAND 24.95

DISC DRIVE STAND 19.95

MONITOR STAND 19.95

(plua $4.00 shipping and handling)

Call now toll tree 1-800-824-7688 Ask for oper-
ator 319 MASTERCARD, VISA OR C.O.D.

E$<£ W3Z&&&&

present

THE ACCOUNTING TUTOR THAT GROWS AS YOU GROW!

<£r THE ACCOUNTING TUTOR*

(This package uses the same design concepts aa are
found in expens ive artificial intelligence systems.)

Manual and disk for the Commodore-64" only $64.95.

Trie Wizards, P,Q, Box 7118, The Vfoodlands, Texaa 77387

tCommcdare-£4 is a trademark of Commodore Electronics, Ltd.)

Circle No. 155
. . .... .

•A* vJ\ • 24 K MEMORY EXPANSION „,» ..».,

»**" Give your PET/CBM a boost to 32K !

Loaded with nifty features. Low, low power.

• Real World" SOFTWARE i«i 7 S2S ,

Word Processor. Mailing List. Catalog. Ham Radio, Frequency Counter.

"OLD" 8K PETs

! 1

I • 21 14- TO -6550 RAM ADAPTER rm-tas]

Replace 6550 RAMs with low cosi 2 11 4s. Hundreds Sold!

• 4K MEMORY EXPANSION (S i6. S m (

L ow cosi memory expansion using 21 14s for bicgc progianis,

Prol«*nona! Products at Personal Piers ■ .

OPTIMIZED DATA SYSTEMS Lffili,

Dept. O. P.O. Box 595 - Placentia. CA 92670 l~i

DISK- O- MATE trademark Oplimizetf O . i r . ■ i)s!cni - PET/CBM tradomatk COTimotfors

■ ■ - ■*-

CASHBOOK 1

CASHB00KKEEPINE

tor any small business with a Commodore
64'". & 1540/41 Disk Drife. (printer opllatul)

• WiO ScftMe C format

• Cowxtots Prorejiiofljrs Sman 8iiS«vsi

• PS i fJCA MO"" 1 & Yw Tn 0j»

• Pro'.} fljf.es Orrntr s Pwtw Hei CutWL* 4 Ciec* flock
BtUece

• J -„:■'.'-..■« licr, WW*

Hire Cashboak 1 as your new book-
keeper.

I . Send «5 or call toll liae order desk ■■

E3 1-800-321-692 T. 24-Hour Sem'ce """■

- Also -

Programs tor VJC20™
antf Commodore 54'"
disk 01 tape. Wrile
tot listing. OR, tty
MOUSE TRAP MATH,
lor your VIC20 1 "
ftO.95 for tape) end
we'll include listing.

JJEU

Boi 110

Erit, Colciadc SO '5 1 5
1303' 652-11(1]

rum

Circle No. 143

W2ICOMMANDER • February 1984

Quality

for the Commodore

SK RAM CARD . . . * 49.9s* EXPANDER 3 * 29.95*

VIC 2d 1 8K mauxy tyatda VIC 20" ? M cqmida

32K RAM CARD . . . $119.95* EXPANDER 6 * 49.95*

VIC :o" v¥, memory otporidfl VIC :o" kffatd shA e\p<m<fo

PRINTER CARD . . A 69.96* EXPANDER 4
VIC :o" pmM printo Mafna C 04- 4 M cxptimlo

Available at finer Software Stores everywhere or call
1-800-255-051 1 for the name o! your local dealer or distributor.

TBA

Sj^gcitcti Retail Price

>|C 20 it C 64 are TM ol Commoiloie Business M.i hines li .

XETEC. Inc.
3010 Arnold Rd.
Salina, KS 67401

- . -^r - Dealer and Distributor

" ~ =l ~*" — ' zz^s inquiries welcome

^™ "^^ Circle No. 183

Advertisers Index

Take COMMAND by patronizing our advertisers who support the
wide selection of products for the Commodore computer line.
COMMANDER Magazine would appreciate you mentioning our
name when dealing with these organizations.

Circle No, Page No.

1 Aardvark 140

69 Abacus Software .139

2 Academy Software 24

89 Advanced Processor Systems 119

101 Alien Group 121

1 61 American Made Software Co 1 03

37 Apropos Technology 44, 109

102 Arfon Microelectronics 54, 107

208 Automated Training Systems 59

162 Basic Byte, Inc 92

68 Basic Electronic Business Systems, Inc 101

203 Beaver Software Systems 71

3 Boston Educational Computing, Inc 79

223 Broderbund Software 31

50 Bytes and Pieces #1 54

154 Cardinal Software 76

6 CGRS Microtech . 1 03

164 Cheatsheet Products 59

213 Commodore Inside Back Cover

10 Computer Alliance 97

41 Computer Learning Center 128

185 Computer Mat 62

12 Computer Mat 110

217 Computer Management Corporation 82

103 Computer Network 69

91 Computer Software Associates, Inc 137

49 Cosmic Computers 133

105 Cosmopolitan Software Services, Ltd, 23

170 CovoxCo 48

44 Creative Software 10,11,12,13

202 Databar . . 8

205 Datasoft 7

67 Double E Electronics 95

159 Dynatech Microsoftwarelnc 90

14 Eastern House 58, 117

130 Elcomp Publishing, Inc 42

184 Electronic Lab. Industries 25

40 Fabtronics 54

17 French Silk 71

166 General Systems Consulting 71

204 Geneva Technologies Corp 47

19 Gloucester Computer 28

16 GOSUBof Slidell. Inc , 69,94

108 H&ECormputronics Inside Front Cover

220 Handic Software Inc 144

106 House o f Software 136

107 Human Engineered Software 1

95 CD Corporation 123

52 Info Designs 16

21 Intelligent Software 56

97 JMD Enterprises 60

169 Knight Writer Software 81

171 Krell 33

214 KsoftCo 51

22 Leading Edge Products, Inc Back Cover

172 Limbic Systems, Inc. 131

209 Loop Software 55

70 Lynn Computer Service 102

174 Macrotech Marketing 88

Circle No.

99

222

226

28

224

94

173

55

25

56

229

218

137

64

228

31

32

75

177

215

58

76

34

35

47

138

140

142

227

77

143

144

221

232

60

210

38

145

207
54
150
122
160
149
212
61

79

42

45

46

201

123

48

230

182

155

183

225

Page No.

(M)agreeable 92

Merritt Software, Inc 56

Microclear .19

Microspec 127

Micro-80 Inc 19

Micro-Sys Distributors 138

MicroTechnic Solutions 105

M icro- Ware Dist. Inc 18,25, 124

Midwest Micro, Inc 114

Mystic Software 82

National VIC-20 Users Group .121

Northland Accounting, Inc 72

Obbligato 55

Omnitronix 117

Omnitronix 69

Optimized Data Systems 142

Performance Micro Products 121

Phantom Software 2

Practical Programs, Inc 85

Professional Micro Services 121

Progressive Peripherals and Software 113,130

Pro-Line Software 17

Protecto Enterprizes 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68

Psycom Software International 76

Public Domain, Inc , 115

Public Domain Software Service 124

Pyramid Computerware 101

Quick Brown Fox 7

R. Redmond 132

Rees Software Laboratories 93

Rocky Software 142

Sail Software 82

Scarborough Systems, Inc .15

Signal Computer Consultants 107

SJB Distributors Inc 98

Skyles Electronic Works 26

Skylight Software 100

Soft Sacware 93

Software Clearing House 61

Software Crafts 97

Southwest Micro Systems, Inc 129

Subterranea Designworks 35

Superbyte Software 107

Superior Graphics Emporium 77,95

Susie Software 100

Synapse 39,40,41

Systems Management Associates 21

Tapes on Command 24

T & F Software .3

Tamarack Software 141

Toronto Pet Users Group, Inc 101

TOTL Software, Inc 117

UC Software 36

Universal Software 120

Victory Software 126

Waldmger Corporation 142

Wayne Green Publications 32

The Wizards 85, 142

Xetec 142

York 10 51

February 1984 • COMMANDER I U3

For the Commodore 64

32 pages. 64 columns and 254 lines, over 500,000 positions.

3 dimensional split-screen presentation for comparisons and
consolidation on the last page.

4 page individual window comparison for focusing-on
specific information.

Full color special feature for additional monitoring.
Instant calculation and automatic multiple calculation.
Easy-to-use histogram with full color for powerful presenta-
tions.
Easy-to-use printing commands of screens and histograms.

Easy-to-use help-screens with complimentary manuals to guide
you through the most comprehensive and powerful spread-sheet
programs available.

..... No Spread-Sheet Program has
so many features at .. . $149.95

by

The World's Largest Commodore Software Producer next to
themselves. 50 million dollars in 1 983. 80,000 sold in first 9 months
of 1983. Distributed in nine languages in 27 countries.

144 /COMMANDER • February 1984

-a company in the Datatronic grout
Fellowship Business Center

Fellowship Road, B-206

Mt. Laurel, New Jersey 08054

Phone - (609) 663-0660

Circle No. 220

N

£* commodore CW

INDISPENSABLE

For Your Moat; Important Computing Needs

Easy Script 64

Displays 764 lines x 240
characters. Prints to 130
columns. Works- with
EasySpell 64.

FIIMAIMCE I

Easy Spell 64

20,000 word Master
Dictionary ano automatic
spelling checker. VStofks
with EasyScript 64.

FIIMAIMCE II

Qz commodore

EasyCaic 64

Multiple electronic spread-
sheet with color bar graph
feature. 63 colunns x
254 rows.

EASY
FIIMAIMCE III

•$ Y»,

£= commodore

The Manager

Sophisticated database
system with 4 built-in sppli-
calions, or design you own
Text, formulas, graphics.

EASY
FIIMAIMCE IV

SuperExpander 64

21 special commands.
Combine text with high
resolution graphics. Music
and game sounds.

Easy Finance I —
Loan Analysis

12 loan functions. Bar
graph forecasting as well
as calculation.

:a3rnmodare

Easy Finance II —
Basic Investment
Analysis

16 stock investment
functions. Investment
bar graph.

Easy Finance Ill-
Advanced
Investment
Analysis

16 capita! inves -men!
fmclions, Barg.aphs.

Easy Finance IV —

Business

Management

21 business management
features. Bar graphs.

EASY
FIIMAIMCE V

■'I '"" I ''^

r 1 " /;* ■ "'"''^ssw

".j ;r~'"\ "^ -

<&$£-

i ^.'_ ''-.

ccarnmadore

Easy Finance V —
Statistics and
Forecasting

Assess present/ future
sales trends with 9
statistics and forecasting
functions.

Qt commodore

Accounts Payable/
Checkwriting

1 1 functions. Automatic
billing, 50 vendors/d sk.

Qz commor kre

Accounts
Receivable/Billing

11 billing functions. Printed

statements.

Qz commodore

General Ledger

B genera) ledger options.
Custon income statement,
trial balances, reports.

^ico m m oc lcife
Inventory

Management

1000 inventory items.
Full reports.

Q commodore
Payroll

24 different payroll
functions. Inteo/r.ied with
G/ 1, system.

'

f-rcornrrioclore

COMPUTERS

st In Quality Software

Circle No. 2U

'.-; TS OF PERFECT MEMORY:
j € HALF EARTH DOLLARS

■ ■ .'r '•:.-■ ■'•■'? *;: :-•■*...
at.usrthe Whole- :
truth about floep1es.; ■ ~ /

Amazing book reveal^ -. .
all! v ^" v>

How to $#p ffortv " .
' rainwas™§^our disk "
so it never Kfteifts* ..;
rnemory. "'"*•

How fingefp/j
actually damaga
Unretouched-^irtaft
photographs of UFO'
(Unidentified Ftdp$
Objects)! The incredi

imnnrranrp nf makic

j Jf copies: the Department
of Redundancy Depart-
ment- and what goes on
when it goes on! Power-
ful secret methods that
scientists claim can ac-
tually prevent computer
amnesia! All this, and
much more ... ... ^ < -

In short, it's an 80-
*&r fipg e Plain-English,
- ""^i-graphically stunning,
1 pocket-sized definitive
guide to the care and
feeding of flexible disks.

For The Book, ask your
mearest computer store
[that sells Elephant"
\jisks, and bring a^ong
one and oneThaTfearth -~j
dollars.

For the name of the
store, ask us.

Elephant Memory Systems**
Marketed exclusively by
Dennison Computer Supplies.
\ Inc.. 55 Providence Highway,

Norwood. MA 02062. Call
\ tottfree 1-800343-8413.
i In Massachusetts, call
\ collect (617) 769-8150.
Telex 95l-e24]