CONCISE QURAN DICTIONARY

DICTIONARY

OF

THE HOLY QUR'AN

With

References and Explanation
of the Text

Published under the auspices of
Ha drat Mirza Masroor Ahmad
Fifth successor of the Promised Messiah
and Supreme Head of the Worldwide
Ahmadiyyah Movement in Islam

BY

MALIK GHULAM FARID M.A.

Dictionary of the Holy Qur'an

With References and Explanation of the Text

Edited by: Malik Ghulam Farid

First Published in UK in 2006

© Islam Internaional Publications Limited

Published by:

Islam International Publications Limited

"Islamabad"

Sheephatch Lane

Tilford, Surrey GU10 2AQ

United Kingdom

Printed in UK at:

ISBN: 1 85372 821 7

FOREWORD

While editing a commentary of the Holy Qur'an in English,
I discovered the perennial fact that for a proper interpretation of
its Text a sound knowledge of the Arabic language is an
indispensable necessity; and one has to make frequent use of the
standard Arabic lexicons for this purpose. The use of these
lexicons is essential because the very word 'Arabiyy' (Arabic)
conveys the sense of fullness, abundance and clearness and so the
Arabic language legitimately claims to be the most expressive,
eloquent and comprehensive language. It possesses suitable words
and phrases for the full expression of all sorts of ideas and shades
of meaning, even the particles and letters of this language possess
clear and definite meanings. As according to Muslim belief the
Holy Qur'an meets all human needs under all circumstances, it
was revealed in the language in which the phrases, expressions,
words and even letters possess a vast variety of meanings. This
fact led me, while engaged in editing the five-volume English
Commentary of the Holy Qur'an covering about 3000 pages, to
prepare a complete dictionary in English of the holy Book in
which more than 1400 Arabic roots with their derivatives, as used
in the Qur'an have been explained in all their multifarious aspects,
even letters and particles at different places in it have not been left
unexplained. The Dictionary also forms a sort of concordance of
the Holy Qur'an in as much as reference to the particular Quranic
verse or verses, in which a certain word occurs, is given. I hope
that an intelligent use of this Dictionary will greatly help the
reader of the Holy Qur'an to understand and interpret it for
himself. In the preparation of the Dictionary, I have made frequent
use of the Lisan, the Taj, the Lane's Lexicon, the Qamus, the
Aqrab ul J Mawarid and the Mufradat Raghib.

Allah be praised that I have been vouchsafed ample time,
means and strength to prepare this Dictionary.

MALIK GHULAM FARID

April 18, 1969

(THE EDITOR)

Publisher's Note

For the translation and preparation of a commentary of the
Holy Quran in English, Hadrat Sahibzada Mirza Bashirud Din
Mahmood Ahmad Khalifatul Masih II constituted a board in
1942 comprising the following:

1 . Hadrat Sahibzada Mirza Bashir Ahmad ra (MA)

2. Hadrat Maulawi Sher Ali ra (BA), translator of the Holy
Quran

3. Hadrat Malik Ghulam Farid ra (MA), Ex-Missionary
Germany and the UK

The first volume of translation and commentary of the ten
parts of Holy Quran was prepared and published in 1948.
Hadrat Maulawi Sher Ali passed away in 1948 and Hadrat
Sahibzada Mirza Bashir Ahmad ra was given by Hadrat
Khalifatul Masih other important task. Hence Hadrat Malik
Ghulam Farid ra was made responsible for completing the rest of
the work which he, with the Grace of Allah, completed in 1963.
And the complete work was published in five volumes. Later
Hadrat Malik Ghulam Farid ra abridged all the five volumes in
one volume, making minor changes in translation and providing
the commentary in abridged form given as footnotes.

Having finished this work Hadrat Malik Ghulam Farid ra
compiled an Arabic English lexicon of the Holy Quran. He
supplemented this lexicon with other words and phrases derived
from the roots of the words of the Holy Quran, in order to
explain and illustrate different uses and nuances of words and
phrases. The whole project was based on standard dictionaries
of Arabic language such as Lisan-ul-Arab jLJ), Taj-ul-

'urus^j^l £•£), Almufradat Ligharibilquran of Imam Raghib
of Isfahan (qT^JI 4-o>) obyLJI), Aqrabul Mawarid(^ ) l > JI o^SI),
and Arabic-English Lexicon by E.W.Lane.

Hadrat Malik Ghulam Farid ra , despite his old age and failing
health, worked on this project diligently and steadfastly. It was
his strong wish that his work may be published in his life time,
but for reasons his wish could not be fulfilled.

After his demise in 1977, his son Colonel (Rtd.) Munawar
Ahmad Malik made considerable effort to get this dictionary
published but unfortunately he also could not get sufficient
time to give it a final shape. After his death his brother
Mubashar Ahmad Malik submitted the whole work to Hadrat
Mirza Tahir Ahmad rh , Khalifatul Masih IV who directed me to
prepare this work for publication. I am indebted to Maulawi
Fadal Elahi Bashir, Ex-Missionary East Africa for his devoted
efforts in reviewing the manuscript, reading its proofs carefully
and making useful suggestions. Mr. Habib-ur-Rahman Zirvi
and Mr. Rana Mahmood Ahmad also contributed in the
proofreading work. I am also thankful to members of my staff,
especially Mr. Faheem Ahamd Khalid, Ex-Missionary of Japan
who completed this assignment with great interest and care.

I hope the publication of this work will be a useful
contribution to Islamic Literature.

10/06/2006 Syed Abdul Hayee

Nazir Isha'at

Rabwah

TABLE OF CONTENTS

cM
&>

4

J* 5

6

£> 7

>i 8

l^i 9

>» 11

v 12

Si 13

\i\ 14

& 15

<j;i» 16

>J» IV

3» 18

jj
c3M

19

20

r 5 "
ju>T

>1

J*

J*

J'
Jl

1.1

I

II

Ill

IV

V

VI

±* 235

&

CM 236

238

\&
a&~

239

'J* 240

^ 241

ju£

je£ 242

243

^ 244

248

*>U 249

-u> 250

251

252

0^0

257

<>

258

261

262

'j* 263

r>

jaJ-s 264

265

>^
J**

266

VII

& 267

3> 268

269

Jo 270

&

^ 271

^ 272

3*

Ji 273

274

>5 275

^ 276

Ui

>5 277

278

VIII

IX

X

XI

XII

XIII

XIV

XV

XVI

XVII

XVIII

i~r 719

OlJ: 720

lit

liT 721

cir

722

JiT 723

^ 724

air

ur
tar

?

pa

724
725

726

air
sir

<X
5^

J 731

731

732

727

Us
ay

XIX

XX

XXI

780

781

> : 782

783

jii 784

>u 785

786
787

787

Ji5 788

789

> :

790

dij 791

&

£i 792

793

JS

Jii 794

^ 795

it 795

Jli

> :

>u 796

JU 797

| a |
o 801

>a 802

IaJL^K 803

o> 804

>

804

805

806

807

Stf 808

j» 809

a» 8io

C-J*

<rlA

J

J'j

£3
Jo

>"3
^3
j*j
v^-3

^3
u£3

^3
*^3

810
811

815

816
817

818
819
820

t>j 820

3^3 821

?J

^JJ

^JJ

<3j3 822

333 823

53j 824

e-3

JHj 825

r-3

^3 826

LS^3

*4-^3
1^3

tX>3

j->3 827

^3 828

Abbreviations used in this book

Aor., for Aorist jUsi

Inf,. for Infinitive Noun j&z*

Act. Part, for Active Participial Noun <J^li

XXIV

( I ♦l r :j A JI lS".^ ^U*J IJ^

This is Arabic tongue, plain and clear.

1

]

Aa

Numerical Value = 1

Jflii [Alif] : It is of two kinds, (soft) and aT^w (moving) or i'j**.
The grammarians have other particular appellations for second
kind of Alif some of which are ft^M J«it (the Alif of

interrogation) as in ^li &j 1 (Is Zaid Standing?), l_£J ^1
JTjl* (Did We not expand thy breast?), (94:2), J^Jt JaJj
(denoting comparative and superlative degrees) as in ^si Sjs^u
(The Hereafter shall be greater in degrees) (17:22), JaJj
a^l3l (denoting sameness or equality) as in (iijjjj ^ ft ^"j^t *
(whether thou warn them or warn them not, they will
not believe), (2:7).

f r « - i . j i, «■

4->> [Substantive from oi aor. <~~> and ojd inf. noun U and LjI and
ajIj'] : He prepared himself for journey. <ut>j JJt ot : He longed to
see his home, ol: Herbage which beasts feed upon; green
herbage or plants. #jlgftij : And fruits and herbage (80:32).

AjI [SjJt inf. noun and IjI substantive noun], l&t occurs in many
verses of the Holy Qur'an. jl&Jb *ui : He remained, stayed or
dwelt in a place constantly, permanently or without quitting; he
(a beast) became wild or shy. ijl : Time in an absolute sense; a
long time; unlimited time; an extended space of time that is
indivisible. ^\ : The Everlasting i.e. God; or the Ancient
without beginning. 4^t : The quality of being everlasting or of
unlimited or indivisible duration. \X>\ l£a ^JJ^- : Shall live in it
forever (4:58).

&y\ [plural Jdjtjt]: An ewer such as is used for wine or water; a
shining sword having a long and slender spout and a handle; a
beautiful or brilliant woman; a vessel having a spout; water jug;
a woman who shows her beauty intentionally.

Jjjt [aor. JjIj and jfe inf. noun, tfjt and tSJt and laUl act part. jj]: He
(a slave) fled from his master; he hid himself and then went
away; f*taJt jJt : The slave fled; he hid or concealed himself; he
confined, restrained or withheld himself; he abstained from a
thing as from a crime; fr^ijl & : He denied the thing; J\ & it
jjAUi L_^iiJi : When he fled to the laden ship (37:141).

3

J->] is used as plural and means camels; a herd of camels; clouds;
cJte- Jl£ Jj^i J\ C)j'J>k W : Don't they look at the clouds how
they are created (88: 18); a large piece of cloud.

Jljljl The word is said to have no singular. According to some its
singular is JjjJ which means a separate or distinct portion of a
number of birds and of horses and of camels and of such
following one another. J4$t signifies according to some, a
company in a state of dispersion, or dispersed companies
following one another; or distinct or separate companies like
leaning camels. J4$t l_£Li cJUr : Thy camels came in distinct or
separate companies. J4$l l^jfe : Birds in separate flocks or
bevies; or birds in companies from this or that quarter; or birds
following one another, flock after flock (105:4)

^1 bi : He became like a father to the orphan; he brought him
up. iaiiij aJjjI : I became a father and mother to him. : A
father; a grandfather or any ancestor; a paternal uncle; anyone
who becomes a means for the invention of a thing or of its
reformation, \lS'y\ : Thy father came (nom. case). t-Tbi cJlj :
I saw your father (obj. case). <^]y> : I passed by thy father
(acc. case). ^1 Ij or cJl li : O my father; in the latter expression
the o (the sign of feminine gender) is substituted for the affix
. \\yA\ jji : The woman's father. I^IT bxli $ & <S} : He has a
very aged father (12:79). £4-2> Uj^iJ : And our father is an old
man (28:24). ^X'^j : And forgive my father (26:87). ^ ci X>
i*":Omy father, why dost thou worship (19:43). frty is plural.

Ufr"dl aIU LliJl : We found our fathers following it. ^\y) and
according to some jtf are two fathers; father and mother;
parents, sijii (nom. case) and 4^t (obj. and acc. case): His
parents; his father and mother, 4»* in reality is y\ and £y) is
jdjil, the letter j being dropped owing to a1u>) and is the
genitive of ^ y}. J* °J*' l& '■ And his parents were believers
(18:81).

[aor. ^U]: He refused; or refrained, abstained or held back, of
his own free will. y>^ J>) : He refused assent to the affair,

4

fr^iJl : He disapproved of or hated the thjAing. lit ^» '
ijjiT: Most people would refuse to accept anything (every
thing) but disbelief (17:90). ijy $ jt tit ifa ^ft : Allah refuses to
accept anything except that He will perfect His light (9:32). ^jU
(i4$i : Their hearts refuse to accept (9:8).

^ [aor. ^Jl* and otf, inf. noun jUil as also W aor. lyii] Jji : He
came. : I came to him or it or was or became present at it,
namely, a place. : He came to her; he lay with her. ci'j^i
ji^TJUi : Do you commit sodomy with males (26:166; 27:56;
4:17). Jli^i J\ : The decree of God has come (16:2). till Jti
: Allah came upon their structure. t^Jt ^t : He did the
thing. tjJl Uj : Those who exult in what they have

done (3:189) - jjfc : Those women who

commit manifestly foul deeds (4:16,20). j&UJi °J> t)°y^ '•
You commit abomination in your meetings (29:30). j^Jt Jft :
He passed by the man. jf\ d^- ^-llli ^Ai* •} : A magician shall
not prosper wher-ever he may be (20:70). t^lfi ofc : He will
come to see or know (12:94). y»ill alU JjI : The time destroyed
him. aj jf\ : He brought him. jJjj Jjt : He begot a child, aj cjI :
She gave birth to him; she brought him. till oL> i)j)£> U2i :
Wherever you may be Allah will bring you together (2.149).
j*Xo cJi aJJi ^ J^U) : But he who brings to Allah a sound heart
(26:90). till Jjf I jli : Allah's appointed time is coming, oi :
act part, iJl feminine act. part. l#uS Jv 1 ^ & '•

Even though it were the weight of a grain of mustard seed We
will requite for it, give a recompense for it, bring it forth for
requital (21:48). ^Jl (aor. jiy inf. noun alii : He gave him;
requited him; compensated him. 5 j^jJi ^°yy : They give Zakat.
ajjL*3 J°jl>"J\ jiiUl U : What the Messenger gives you, accept it,
take it what command he gives you, obey it (59:8). UiUJi ojj °y> :
Who is given or granted wisdom (2:270). Sjfe'jJl tlajl : The
giving of Zakat. jfo is of the measure of Jj*^, the j (jt j)
being changed into c£ ; but is of the meaning of Jpli i.e. of
Cit-Oi : That which is coming. »&j jtf kl : His promise
must come to pass or the fulfilment of His promise is coming

5

M 2*

to pass (19:62). aj^jJi oj^j^'j (act part): Those who give Zakat
(4:163).

d/\ *£*» [aor. i»L: and I4 and ijj inf. noun Irtfi and and ttjN]: It
was or became much in quantity, abundant or numerous; it
became great or large. ittt : Goods or utensils and furniture of a
house; household foods; all property consisting of camels,
sheep, goats, horses, utensils and furniture. It also means
abundant property. UUt ^J~\ : They will be better off in their
wealth (foods, property etc.). (19:75)

J>\ [aor. y)j and ^U] jJl : He made an incision in the foot

of the camel. dJo^ 1 jfl : He recited or narrated the story or
tradition. sjlii j t'Js ; He honoured him [ *jt\ and iy\ and Sjtfi inf.
noun], jii or SjtH : A remain or relic of a thing; a trace, sign or
mark; a footstep, vestige or track; a footprint, impression or
mark made by the foot of a man upon the ground. J jJi :
The impress of the Messenger (20:97). ij^-Jl : Traces or
impressions of prostrations (48:30). J> t^ji : They are
following in my footstep (20:85). jJp jS SjtH : A remain or relic
of knowledge transmitted or handed down from the former
generations (46:5). jlll is the plural of "J\. aJJi ^-^j JiJ :
So look at the signs (or marks) of Allah's mercy (30:51). &jti
ULiii lajUl Jllp : So they returned retracing their footsteps
(18:65). IjIj'j 5j3 ji4^ \°y& '■ They were mightier than these
in power and in the marks (or traces or signs) they left behind
(40:22). V}\ (inf. noun He preferred him. Jlp SjJt: He
preferred him to myself. »J\ : He honoured him. J\ also means
he chose, selected or elected. aUi Ail : Indeed Allah has
preferred thee above us (12:92). Ji* : They prefer

them to their own souls (59: 10).

Jjl A kind of tree; a species of tarmarisk. (34: 17)

pi) [aor. fa inf. noun and flH and ^)] : He fell into sin or
crime; he sinned or committed a sin or crime; he did what was
unlawful. p\ ( fill plural) : A sin or crime, a fault, an offence or
an act of disobedience for which one deserves punishment; that

6

£? El

which keeps back a person from what is good, an unlawful
deed; (it differs from Cii in-as-much as Cj'i signifies both
what is intentional or unintentional, whereas p\ is peculiarly
intentional. jilii *J~$ p\ U-gli : In them are great sin and
also some advantages for men (2:220). ffi> (plural ffi>) is syn.
with p\ and fUt, the latter ( ftti) means, the requital or
recompense of sin or crime; or punishment, lilii jjfc : Shall find a
requital or recompense or punishment of sin (25:69). $ (act.
part.) : One who commits a sin; sinful. : A she-camel; slow
or tardy; weary, fatigued or jaded. K&ip) : His heart is
sinful.(2:284) $ : A great and habitual sinner or liar, intensive
form of p) and also syn. with it. ^) jUtf' JT <Lsy>. *i HJij : And
Allah does not love any one who is a confirmed disbeliever and
a great or habitual sinner (2:277). $3 : Sin, crime, fault, syn.
with p\ . *ij i£S : There will be no frivolity (or levity) in
it and no sin. (52:24).

£l jUJl c-4-t [aor. £jd inf. noun g>t]: The fire burned or burned
fiercely or blazed or flamed fiercely. £j : He hastened or was
quick in his pace; he made a sound or noise in his pace like that
of the flaming of fire; he or it became restless and blazened. £t
frUl : The water was or became bitter. £uf I : Anything burning
to the mouth, whether salt or bitter or hot. £uf I *U : Water that
burns by its saltness; salt water; bitter water or very bitter
water; very hot water. l^-Uf 1 flui*^- tlii }J : Had We so willed, We
would have made it bitter (56:71). £j4-t> and are also

from this root and signify Scythians of the farthest East;
particularly those on the north of China as some say, all nations
inhabiting the north of Asia and of Europe. (See Enc. Bri. and
Jew. Enc. under Gog and Magog and Historian's History of the
World vol. 2, p. 582 and Bible Eze. 38: 2 - 6; 39:6). The words
may apply also to the Christian nations of the West as they
have made much use of burning fire and boiling water and
because also all their material progress and their great
discoveries and inventions are due to constant use of these
things. Or the words may refer to or imply their fiery nature and

7

restless disposition as they are always on the lookout restlessly
to make new conquests.

[aor. yrU and ^-U inf. noun and ijUfl] U Jlp a^-i : He
recompensed him or rewarded him for what he had done; he
served him for hire or pay; he became his hired man; he let him
on hire or for pay. j'lJi '£\ ; He let the house on hire [inf. noun
jb^)]. tyr°\L>\ j\ JJr*J\ >rl : He hired the man. yr&\ : He
hired the house. J,'Jr is jt Ji* : On condition that thou hire thyself
to me or that thou serve me on hire. (28:28) S^t&il cJQ : O my
father, hire him (28:27). y~\ (plural jj^O and jUt^l and syn.
with t'jpr l and 5jl£i : A recompense or reward for what one has
done. is used both for reward from God to man and from
man to man while SjUr-l and Syf-l are used for recompense or
reward by man to man only, also means a dowry or nuptial
gift jAjjsri : Give them their dowries (4:25). The word

also means praise, good fame.

J^-t [aor. JirU inf. noun W'] It had a term or period appointed for it,
at which it should fall due. jjfSh : He defined the term or
period; he assigned, appointed or specified it. ^-U-i : He
granted me a delay or postponement, li cJJr I ^jJ' ^ • We
have now reached our term which thou didst appoint for us
(6:129). L$*r\ i\*r lil : When their appointed time comes (7:35).
J^-l ail JSLJ : For every people is an appointed time (7:35). Hs\
clfi : For what day they have been delayed or postponed
(77: 13). J*r j* : Defined, fixed. S^ 1 j* 1<IsT : A decree with a fixed
term (3:146) J£t : The assigned, appointed or specified term or
period; the whole duration of life; its end or death. US : His
death drew near; destruction; the period of a woman's waiting
before she can marry again after divorce. jfej (Mi : When
they reach their period of waiting ( (2:235). J*fl : Because;
on account of; for the sake of. : 1 did it because of

thee; on thy account; for thy sake. °Jfi & ^} lH"' <S? :

On account of this We prescribed for the children of Israel
(5:33) j^-t: Yea; yes.

8

<^-l is originally l^lj , the j being changed into I : One; the first of
the numbers; syn. in many cases with i^-ij , with which it is
interchangeable in two cases. First, when it is used as an
epithet applied to God, for JU-^i as an epithet is applied to God
alone and signifies 'The One'; 'The Sole'; He Who has ever been
one and alone; the Indivisible; He Who has no second in His
attributes. JU-tifotji jl : Say, He is Allah, the One (112:2).
Secondly, it is interchangeable with JU-ij in certain nouns of
number as in jjj-ipjlJ-l : One and twenty. In most cases,
however, differing from these two there is a difference in usage
between 1^1 and tyj. iyr& 'Ja ai-i jij : And if

any one of the idolaters ask protection of thee, grant him
protection (9:6). tLlJl ja J^lf jLll : You are not like any other
(any one) woman (33:33). cJ'j : I saw in a

dream eleven stars (12:5). J** j^>) (S&-\ ^£J&\ jl AJji : (is^\ :
Feminine of JU-i) I wish to marry to thee one of these two
daughters of mine (28:28). UiJU-i : One of the two women.

: One of them (the men). : One of these women,

(if i^t : One of you (men).

[aor. i^U] : He took with his hand; he took hold of (inf. noun
.kM and slsM ; A> : Imp. and A^l act. part): He took; he took with
his hand; he took hold of. : He received from him

traditions and the like; he took or received with approbation; he
accepted; J)3i U o> : accept thou what I say ; &\ : He took a
thing for himself; he took possession of it; he got or acquired
it; he took by force; he seized; he overcame or overpowered
him; f y *ij Si^U *i : slumber or sleep does not overpower
Him or seize Him ; (2:256) he killed or slew; p&.ji^> &\ :
He (God) destroyed or exterminated the sinful people on
account of their sins (3:12); he punished; he made a violent
assault upon a person and wounded him much; he set about,
began or commenced. : He took a thing to or for himself;
took possession; he gained, acquired or earned wealth. <L>tec\
tij'jka alip : I did to him a benefit. : He made or
manufactured or built; he made or constituted or appointed.

9

£*\j>\ aJJi Jbui : God made Abraham His friend (4:126).
flJUwi : He adopted him, made him or took him as a son. Ai) j
JL'ij^j (314* aUi A#M : And indeed Allah did take a covenant
from the children of Israel (5:13). ^j)^ bt ^ & *-^0 ^

: And when thy Lord brought forth (took out) from
Adam's children out of their loins their offspring (7:173). I^t jt
(irjLiiij j^iUi ih\ ; If Allah should take away your hearing and
your sight (6:47). 4\ *!M a^y. ^'j '■ And he caught hold of
his brother's head, dragging him towards himself (7:151).
ty's*-') JO*? 1 9^ : When the earth (takes) receives its ornament
(10:25). £ilJt< Ji U-Ut JLaJj : And We punished (seized)
pharaoh's people with drought (7:131). J$ & UJ>i A3 : We
had indeed taken our precaution before hand (9:50). 5j*Jl &L>M
^Wb . : Pride incites him to sin (2:207). j*> jU^^uli-tj' : So
We seized them like the seizing of one Who is mighty and
omnipotent (54:43). SJbM ^J^-li ; So He seized them a
severe seizure (69:11). JsaSn lAi jp'jS- ojA^Ij : They take the
paltry good of this low world (7:170) aitj U-$j : Let not

pity for the twain take hold of you (24:3) A> : Take to
forgiveness (7:200) 5^ 4> : O Yahya! hold fast the
Book (19:13). ,^jAV »>U : Take your precautions (4:72).
^UjI ^ jiJJb Hji : Allah does not call you to account

(seize) for your oaths that are vain (2:226). itfjikUi I jJvlj (inf.
noun ilAJi ; d^tw act. part; fern, of isjai ; its plural is

<Z>\tetsl) and they say, Allah has taken for Himself a son (2: 1 17).

(J4*i^t iutl^jij : And Allah took Abraham for a friend
(4:126). J**J" jJUji jijJi ji : Those who took the calf for worship
(7:153). ilgtli tjJUji jiiitj : Those who built a mosque (9:107).
^jUio ojA^j : And you build castles (26:130). *JJi ot*i ijAftsJ *i
•jji : Do not make a jest of Allah's Signs (2:232). uiatafi :
Dost thou make a jest of us (2:68). U^> ll 1>M Ja til : But He
holds it by its forelock (11:57). (A^l act. part, is plural).
AJJ^'b j^Lu (j has been removed due to iiU>() : You would not
take it yourself (2:268). ilis* J,!^ 1 ^ : Nor could I
take as helpers those who lead people astray (18:52). o'Aas* T5

10

jlJlsM (ix^j> singular and oiJbtw plural): And nor taking secret
lovers (4:26).

jr\ [inf. noun ^-U] : S/M He put it back; he held or kept it back or
placed it behind; he postponed or delayed it; contrary of fli.
ill JJt : He granted me a delay, respite or postponement. U-»
y-lj ^11 : What he has sent forward and what he has left behind
(75: 14). (-J } Jjt» J) Li>i St^J : Wouldst Thou not grant us respite
for a while (4:78). Llii &\j?jt $j : And Allah will not grant
respite to a soul (63:12). ^-U and are syn. : He remained
or became behind or back; he was or became late; he held back
or lagged behind; it was or became deferred, delayed or
retarded; contrary of f l2J. p\ ^ y^s °y>j : And who remains or
stays behind, there is no blame upon him (2:204). L_Cii °y> ^li; U
y-UUj : Thy shortcomings, past and future (48:3). *i p$*r t t lill
^j&J Ojjr^ : And when their appointed time is

come, they cannot remain behind (or respited) a single moment,
nor can they get ahead of it (7:35). jt\ (jj^ 1 plural act. part.
jX^' passive part, t^y-l fern): Another; the other; a thing or
person other than the former or first. y*-\ liU aU lii : Then We
developed it into another creation (23:15). fH\ j* $&pj : And
it was not accepted from the other (5:28). p&y^i & Oj^'j '■
And others who confessed their sins (9:102). jo^i \i°J>s p :
Then We destroyed the others (26:173). Ufi£ o3j : And
then another party should come (4:103). jy-'ti : The other
two should take their place (5:108). d>%/t-\j yf-\ (plural of Jyf-\
which is fern, of ol-aGyMj : And the others dry (12:44).
j}\ dy.yf' 1 plural pass, part) contrary of Jjt and means: The last;
after; hinder; the end; what is after the first; the later and the
latter. (XrT^'j (S^J^ 1 <5l : The earlier ones and the later ones
(56:50). (So^Sfl Jt ^ ^y"J : And We left f° r hi m a g°°d name
among the later generations (37:79). : The Hereafter; the
other world; the world or life to come; the ultimate state of
existence in the next world. Jij : And good in the

Hereafter; or in the world to come (2:202). J $ :
They will have no share in the Hereafter (3:78). J> 1.% lauJi U

11

SJUJ1 : We have not heard of it even in the latest religion
(38:8) & & : They have indeed despaired of the

Hereafter (60:14). 3>Shj JljSi ^ JLUii ii : To Him belongs all
praise in the first i.e; this life, and the Hereafter(28:71).
a^Slijii: The abode of the Hereafter. 4*$ : The reward of
the Hereafter. ^fl : The recompense of the Hereafter.
SJ^Sfi-Uj : The promise of the Hereafter. S^Sfi : The
punishment of the Hereafter. 3^-Sfl Jl^J : Example of
punishment for the Hereafter. syn. ^-U : He kept back,

remained behind; lagged behind; it was or became postponed
or delayed. jJ^-Lliii : Those who keep back. &j>\sJJS\ tu-U liJ j
: And indeed We know who lag behind (15:25).

£\ al^i [inf. noun 3^-1] and aV( : He became a brother, or a friend
or a companion to him. [inf. nouns ty-\ and 3bM ji ] ; he
fraternized with him; acted with him in a brotherly manner.
jUaivij ji^rlfiii j** : (The Holy Prophet) united the refugees
with the helpers by the brotherhood of Islam. j^J' c->T : I
united the two things as pairs. £ is derived from J^sj-T which
means, a piece of rope of which the two ends are buried in the
ground with a small stick or stone and to which the beast is tied
signifying, as though, one £_t were tied to another like as the
horse is tied to the or it is from jf- j meaning JLii because
one £t has the same aim, device or endeavour as the other. £\
originally jsM : A brother; the son of one's father and mother, or
either of them, also applied to a foster brother; a friend, a
companion, an associate or a fellow. (3j*M and jlj^l plural, the
former generally applied to brothers and the latter to friends
and the like, but not always). SjsM also means brothers and
sisters. 3j?M aJ jlT jl« : And if he has brothers and sisters (4:12).
frUJj Slbr j 3^) I jlj : And if (the heirs) be brethren and sisters
(4:177). 'c>i ( jts*t dual; plural) : A sister. c>i jt £\ j :

And he has a brother or a sister (4:13) j£ »J^! Oj^j*^

: The believers are surely brothers, so make peace
between your brothers (49:11). a^mj fU^k : So by His
grace you became (as) brothers (3:104). ^j&JtAJ ji; If

12

you intermix with them, they are your brethren (2:221). ^Jl-ul
jiijij^ij : Your sons and your brethren (9:24). °^>y^ &°£> j' :
Or the houses of your sisters (24:62). Igs^i du*J c-Ui Ulf :
Every time a nation enters, it shall curse its sister (nation)
(7:39) d>i ^jlli : Sleep is the sister (like) of death, f I uj
alb jii : There is many a brother to thee whom thy
mother has not brought forth. j^t-sJi o'j^l s °y^ '■ They are the
fellows or likes of the devils (brothers literally) (17:28) . ^
l^-i ja But it was greater than its like (or fellow) (43:49).

Si [aor. ijd inf. noun. \i\ and iSiii] ail : The affair fell heavy
upon him. A-aiaJi ajSi : A calamity befell him s\ : A wonder or
wonderful thing: A very evil, abominable, severe thing or
affair. iS) Uli> IiJ : Verily, you have done a very evil or
abominable thing (19:90).

<JS\ [aor. Jjijd inf. noun t\>\] alii : He made it to reach, arrive or
come to the appointed person or place; he brought, conveyed or
paid, delivered it; he paid or discharged it; he delivered, gave it
up or surrendered it. l^Jii J\ ^U^i iS%\ ; He gave over or
surrendered the trust to its owner. *lU U ; He acquitted
himself of that which was incumbent on him; he paid or
discharged what he owed; he fulfilled or accomplished. aJJi jl
Lgl&i c— u>*i\ ijijj : Verily, Allah commands you to give

over or surrender the trust to those who are entitled to it (4:59).
AiiUi JJi i'0 : Let him who is entrusted surrender his trust

(2:284). oSjJ *i : He will not deliver or give up or return to
thee (3:76). d^\> 4\ ^ '■ The paying of it in a handsome
manner (2:179). SUp Q\ : Deliver to me the servants of
Allah (44:19).

is a word denoting past time. a&">UAJ JlS ii j : And when thy
Lord said to the angels (2:31). When ii is adjoined to nouns
signifying time, the Arabs join it with 'then' in writing in
certain instances, namely, j~4r (at that time or then) and J^j*
(in, on, or at that day) and 4r^j (at that time; then). When it is
followed by a verb, or by a noun not having the article prefixed

13

to it or by any movement letter, the i of i' is quiescent as in ijj
js.\'j£]\ : And when Abraham was raising the

foundations (2:128). But when it is followed by a noun with Ji
(or by any I) the i is majroor. °J> J"^' i] : When the iron

collars shall be round their necks (40:72). In general it is an
adverbial noun denoting past time. As a noun denoting past
time it is said to be also an objective complement of a verb as
in J4^3 f&\ i\ \j'J"i\j : And remember when you were few (8:27).
It is also used as a noun to indicate future and >i> is said to
denote past time, each of these occurs in the place of the other
\°j£.jh i\ iSy'Jj : Couldst thou see them when they will be smitten
with fear (34:52). It also indicates a cause. f^Sb ii ^\ ^*i4 $ '•
It shall not profit you this day, since or because you acted
wrongfully (43:40). It is also used to denote a thing happening
suddenly, lij ii (X> Ui : While I was thus, there came Zaid.
It is also a conditional particle, but only used as such coupled
with U as in L_£ii °^k> Uii : Whenever thou shall come to me, I
will come to thee.

ii] denotes a thing's happening suddenly or one's experiencing the
occurrence of a thing when one is in a particular state like k as
in liU lalSJU : So he cast it and behold! it was a

serpent running (20:21). p& lij liti cJr'yf- : I went forth, and
Zaid presented himself to me suddenly. It also denotes the
complement of a condition, like as in cJll Uj kl~> ° ^ a2 &j
la \h\ ^jJjI : And if an evil befalls them because of what
their own hands have sent on, behold! They are in despair
(30:37). It is also an adverbial noun denoting future time and
implying the meaning of a condition, li) jfi°ji\ 'J* Sjpi lii p
*sii : Then when He shall call you or when He calls you
with a single call from the earth, behold! you will go forth
(30:26). Sometimes it denotes past time, like as i) sometimes
denotes future time; j> 5>*i : An d when they saw

merchandise or sport (62:12). Thus it occurs in the place of i)
like as ij occurs in the place of >ij . Sometimes it denotes the
present time; and this is after an oath as in \i\ : By the

14

night when it covereth (92:2). Sometimes it is used so as not to
denote a condition. ij-a* b^iiij : And when they are

angry, they forgive (42:38).

&\ [aor. jib inf. noun bit and bit and Uiii] aJ jil and jil : He
listened to him or it being pleased, c-i^- j cJit : It shall listen
to its Lord and obey (84:3); he permitted him. cJit ^ ill I (as-
$ : Allah remove thy cares, why didst thou permit them
(9:43). ^ *ij jlit : Permit me to stay behind and do not put
me in trial (9:49). tjXUs ^b jjiitii 'J>&, jit : Permission to fight
has been given to those who have been fought against, because
they have been transgressed against (22:40). s-^-Llb jil : He
knew the thing; became informed or apprised of it. jS ijiiti
*Jj--3j : Then be you informed or apprised of war that shall
come upon you from God and His Messenger (2:280). jil
fr^lJb: He made known or notified a thing; he proclaimed or
made proclamation. ^Jb ^L)i j> jilj : And proclaim among
mankind the Pilgrimage (22:28). S^UiJb jil : He proclaimed by
(inf. noun jlil) the time of Prayer, jlil : A notification; a
proclamation; an announcement; ^bJi J) aJj^jj fUi jlilj : And
an announcement from God and His Messenger to the people
(9:3); it also means, the call to Prayer of the Muslims. jij* :
One who calls for Prayer or announces the time of Prayer, jit p
jij* : Then a proclaimer proclaimed (12:71). y>%hi\ : He
informed him or apprised him of the affair; made it known or
notified it to him. aJ jiT : He gave him permission or informed
or apprised him. js\ jl : Before I gave you permission
(7:124). fri 'y* JAp {&si's\ ji& : So say, I have apprised you,
informed you, warned you all a like (21:110) b* U ijJti
^Ifi : They will say, we let thee know that there is no witness
amongst us (41:48). jib (jib and jiT are syn.): He informed
him of the affair, jib ilj : And when your Lord declared,
proclaimed, announced, notified (14:8). Ssiiiaii : I asked
permission or leave of him. JjkJi ijJji L-SoibJxi : Those who
possess affluence, ask permission of thee (9:86). ^ jib-li
: A party of them asked permission of the Prophet (33:14).

15

ail c-> jl

jil : Permission; leave to do a thing, and sometimes command
and also will. fUl jib : By the will or permission or command of
God; the notification of the allowance or permission of a thing
and of indulgence in respect of it; knowledge, ^ib aI*^ : He did
it with my knowledge. 4JJ1 jib lii jl j-iJ jlT U : No soul can
die except with the permission or knowledge of God (3:146).
jil and jil : The ear; a man who listens to what is said to him
or who relies upon what is said to him. jil J4j : A man who
listens to every one. jil ja^jJj^j : They say he hears and
believes everything that is said to him (9:61); a sincere or
faithful adviser; a man's intimate friend; a handle, (jliT is
Plurals), jlj llilil Jij : And in our ears is heaviness (41:6). J> &
lyj^iil : As if in his ears is deafness (31:8).

(j'^ [aor. csib inf. noun i$il and «ii'] and csib" : He was or became
annoyed, harmed or hurt; he suffered slight hurt, annoyance,
molestation or hurt. It is less than jjpr ; it was unclean, dirty or
filthy. <jb\ and Slit (inf. noun): A state of annoyance or
molestation; annoyance, molestation, harm or hurt; a slight
evil; anything by which one is annoyed or hurt (JSoijiU); filth;
impurity; anything held to be unclean, dirty or filthy. isiSfl i>Ul
jjJ Jai\ j£ : He removed from the way what was hurtful. aiiT [aor.
Aiijd]: He or it annoyed, molested, harmed or hurt him or he did
what was disagreeable or hateful to him (inf. noun hty and &l
and csit). ,J->j* Ijii c?.^ \yj&t '■ Be not like those who harassed
(or annoyed) Moses (33:70). ^jijj^ : Why do you vex
(malign) me (61:6). {£~-> {J> ijijtj : And have been persecuted in
My cause (3:196). ^i'ii^Sj: And ignore their annoyance
(33:49).

'A > >°

<~>y [aor. ojb inf. noun Z>\j\ and bjl] : He was or became cunning,
intelligent excellent in judgement, sagacious; t^libojl [aor.
4>jb inf. noun b^l]: (1) He became skilful or expert in the thing;
(2) he became familiar with a person or thing; (3) he became
denoted to the thing; (4) he was or became niggardly of the
thing; (5) he was, or became in want or need. &\ oj' or <b oj* :

16

He wanted it; was or became in want or need of it and sought
or desired it. uj 1 and uj! and ajjt and uj 1 are syn. meaning: (1)
Cunning, intelligence, excellence of judgement, sagacity; (2)
want or need; (3) deceit, guile or fraud; (4) wickedness, malice
or malevolence; (5) a limb; (6) the pudendum; (7) want or need.
£°j\ £°j\ az&3 : I cut him limb by limb, ojlj^i* : He is an
intelligent or cunning man. ^yi^X>\^ : He, the Holy
Prophet, had the greatest control over his want or desire or
sexual passions, uj! *s? °J>, ^ : I have no need of it. iij^i Jfj\ Js> :
Persons deficient in intellect; such as have no need of women.
(24:32). (plu of uj!) and 4#jU (plural of i$>). o> \&
t^y-l : I have other uses, needs, requirements, purposes of it.
(20:19).

J^jl [aor. J^jIj inf. noun U»ji] and j^jl [aor. inf. noun [
JpjSfi c-£jt and J^j^i c~>jt : The land became thriving or
productive and abundant in herbage or vegetation, or it became
soft to tread upon, pleasant to sit upon, a^-ylii c-jsjt : The sore
became corrupt on account of puss. J>°j (plural jj-fjl and
and j^tjt) : (1) A land or country; (2) soil; (3) a piece of land;
(4) a carpet; (5) anything that is low; (6) the lowest part of the
legs of an animal; (7) the knees or what is beneath them of
men; (8) a tremor; (9) rheum, jt'jii : (1) The earth; (2) the earth
as opposed to heaven; (3) the surface of the earth; (4) the floor.

jjl Ja : He is a stranger whose father or mother is not
known. Jefo Jil : Inhabitants of the earth; mankind. JjjJija
j>yi\ J> U ]J3 : He it is Who created for you all that is in the
earth (2:30).

k-J [aor. JSjl* inf. noun tfjjl and cJji aor. JTjU inf. noun l^jl] 3jt
^l^UJb : He remained in the house. *2ap aJJi JTjt : Allah
compelled him to do the thing; He made him cleave to it. a&jl
(plural fc-£iljt) : A raised couch in a tent or chamber; a bed
spread from the ground to sit upon; anything upon which one
reclines; a raised couch. i^lj^l j£ 1$ js?^-** : Reclining
therein upon raised couches (18:32).

17

jt [aor. jjj and js* inf. noun ji] jlali 031 : (1) The cooking pot
made a sound in boiling; (2) it boiled or boiled vehemently, ji
jbJi : He kindled the fire. *jili ]l : He put the thing into a state
of commotion, sji : He provoked or roused him; he incited,
urged or instigated him. ijl £ ^ ^>°j ^ 'y :

Dost not thou see that We have sent Satans against the
disbelievers, inciting them vehemently to acts of disobedience
(19:84).

jjl [aor. jjlj and inf.noun : It surrounded or encompassed it.

fljji as also fljji : (1) He put on him an jij) i.e. a waist wrapper;

(2) he strengthened him or it. ajji and ajjT : He aided, assisted
or helped him; he strengthened him. Ji* J^Ji ojji : I
helped and strengthened the man against such a one. tjijl jjl
frjiJi : The thing was equal to or matched the thing. Jai^li ajjli;
Then makes it strong, then it becomes thick (48:30). jj>: (1)
Strength; (2) weakness; (3) the back; (4) aid, assistance or help.

iiiil : Strengthen Thou by him my back; strengthen Thou
by him my weakness; or make my strength more strong
(20:32). jiji : (1) A waist wrapper; (2) chastity; (3) one's wife or
one's self or one's wife and family or one's family or self.
jijVi ulaz : Such a one is chaste.

<«3jt [aor. 3jU inf. noun lijl and lijjt <-2jT act part, and Si jT fern.]: (1)
He was or became, or drew near; (2) he hastened or was quick
or he drew near, lijtft : (1) The Resurrection; (2) the near event;

(3) death. aijSfi cijt : The hour of judgement which has to come
has come (53:58).'

[inf. noun J4?"^] : (1) He founded it; (2) he marked out
the limits of it and raised its foundations; (3) he commenced it;

(4) he built it, namely a house. J^i : (1) The foundation; basis
of a building; (2) any commencement, origin, source or root of
a thing. k>L4 cr ^\ j*4l : Is he who has founded his building
(9:109).

&J~^s\ Thick or heavy brocade; silk brocade inter- woven with gold;
thick silk. &'J&*\ & : Its linings will be of thick brocade

18

(55:55).

[aor. 'jJj inf. noun SjJl : (1) He bound or tied him; (2) he
made him a captive or took him prisoner; (3) He (God) created
him or formed or fashioned him in the best manner. *£\ (inf.
noun): (1) Strength of make or form; (2) strength of natural
disposition. ji^Ji ijji> '■ Such a one is of strong, firm or
compact make or form. ^^*\ uiai. : We have strengthened their
make or form or their joints (76:29). p*j^> f jiii t-^r : The people
came all together. (<Jj^ plural) : (1) Shackled; (2)
imprisoned; (3) a captive or prisoner; (S'j^A ii jl ^ jlf U : It
does not behove a Prophet that he should have captives (8:68).
i^LjIj U4»j L4^-l? Jlp ^»UkJi Oj^ij : And they feed the poor,
the orphan and the captive on account of His love (76:9).

US-*>1 [aor. ulJj inf. noun Liil and U~»i] aIp tXol : (1) He grieved,
lamented or regretted most intensely over it; (2) he was angry
with him. U-jT : He angered him; (2) made him angry and
grieved him; (3) he made him to grieve or lament. Jlp Jiit li
ua^jj : O my grief over Joseph (12:85)jtlap <^)3 Jjl L0j
U-ol : And when Moses returned to his people indignant and
grieved (7:151). t^-ks 1 U)i~jT lUi : So when they excited Our
anger, We exacted retribution from them (43:56).

[aor. and ^ and jr"! aor. inf. noun Lit and Uj-^i]

j^iji : The water altered for the worse in odour or in taste
and colour from some such cause as long standing. j-oT and jJi :
Altered for the worse in odour or in taste and colour. J£ & &
j-iT : From water which has not altered for the worse in odour
or taste (47:16).

[aor. j^j inf. noun and Ca] Lit : He effected a
reconciliation between them. j^Ai »Ul : He made him such a one
as an object of imitation for him. ^Uj a4->T : I made him my
object of imitation in respect of my property. Sjlil tffe : I
have an example or exemplar or pattern or model in such a one.

: (1) An example (2) an examplar; (3) a pattern or model;
(4) an object of imitation. Sjlil 4JJ1 Jj^j ^ jtf" AiJ : Indeed
19

there is an exemplar or model for you in the Prophet of Allah (33:22).

^\ [aor. inf. noun J*\\. He grieved or mourned for him or it.
<y or : Grieving, mournful or sorrowful. a~-T (fern.): A
woman grieving or sorrowful. ^ j& £j$ Jl* Ja^i : How then
should I sorrow for a disbelieving people (7:94). piUl j£ J-U*^
jo^Il : So grieve not over the rebellious people (5:27).

[aor. 'j%(t and ^-iU and j-* 1 a o r - j-^ inf. noun i^i] : He exalted or
behaved insolently; he behaved with pride and
self-conceitedness. ^ : (1) Insolent; exulting greatly and
behaving insolently; (2) behaving with pride and
self-conceitedness; (3) one who is insolent and behaves with
pride and exults. ^AioU^j* JJ : But he is an insolent liar
(54:26).

>L^\ or <->tt\ ajsji : He closed the door. jlaJi JL>ji : He covered or
covered over a cooking pot. j* [»&> ji] : Closed; closed over
or covered, l^ji 4^ : A closed door. 3jL>j* jJUi : A covered
cooking pot. 5l^> jti L$IAp : Around them will be fire closed
over (90:21). il^j : (1) A court or an open space in front of a
house; (2) a threshold of a door or entrance; (3) a door or
entrance; (4) a fold (i'Jja*-) for sheep or goats; i?U>j (plural):
Snares or traps. ^>'Ju ia~?tj (I4*fej : And their dog
stretching out its forelegs on the threshold (18:19).

[aor. 'j-p li inf. noun fr^iJl j-i>i : He broke the thing. is'As
aIU : He was inclined to such a one. : He confined, shut up,
detained or imprisoned him or held him in custody. UIaJi :
He provided the tent with a peg or a rope. <ja*-l^- j£ 1j^<>i : I
withheld, restrained or debarred him from the thing that he
wanted. (or ^J»t or inf. noun): (1) A covenant, or
contract; (2) a burdensome covenant or a heavy responsibility
or command the breaking of which renders one liable to
punishment; (3) a weight or burden; (4) a sin; a crime; an
offence; (5) a grievous punishment of a sin; (6) a thing that
inclines one to a thing; (7) an oath in which there is obligation
to divorce or emancipate; (8) the earhole. t_^J»t £fe J^Aj *ij : And
20

lay not on us a responsibility (2:287). <s JUp ^^-ij : And
do you accept the responsibility which I lay upon you in this
(matter) (3:82). fa- ^ojj : And removes from them their
burden (7:158).

JJ?1 [aor. JJ»U inf. noun *sG>i] : (1) It (a thing) had or came to have
root or foundation; (2) it was or became firm or established and
firmly rooted or founded; (3) he (a man) was or became sound
of judgement; he was intelligent; (4) it (judgement or opinion)
was or became sound (5) it (a thing) was or became eminent,
noble or honourable. U-Lt iL>t (Uip IbS) : He knew it completely
so that he was acqauinted with its foundation or root. &Lp\zl>\ ;
He uprooted it. jS\ : (1) The lowest part of a thing; (2) root or
bottom; (3) base or foundation; (4) the origin, source,
beginning; race or stock from which a man takes his pedigree;
the progenitor; (5) fixedness, stability or permanence jS\ a!
(6) a source of wealth; (capital or principal) (JU JJ?I) (7) the
elemental part of a thing; (8) the essential or fundamental part
of a thing; Jj-*i (plural): The fundamentals or fundamental
articles or dogmas, principles or rudiments of a science; (9) the
original form of a word; (10) the original or primary state or
condition; (1 1) the best or choicest part of a thing; (12) what is
most fit or proper; (13) a general or universal rule or canon. U
: I did not do it at all. J4~f ' : (1) A noble or generous
man; (2) a man sound of judgement and intelligence; (3)
rooted, fixed or permanent; (4) destruction or death; (5) the
evening i.e. the time from the afternoon prayer to sunset.

t : I met him in the evening. JU^I is plural. J> £~>S> l$U>l
^Li-Ill : Whose root is firm and whose branches reach into
heaven (14:25). ^Jj-^ Jl* S-iilS : Standing upon its roots (59:6).
%J\ j i'JZ i'jal^j : And glorify Him morning and evening
(33:43). juWij jJuJb l£a tf : Therein do glorify Him in the
mornings and the evenings (24:37).

&\ [aor. &p„ and a£> inf. noun ill] *3t and : He said 3>'\ by
reason of anxiety or disquietude of mind or by reason of

21

3\

vexation, distress of mind or disgust. <J\ has six or ten or even
forty forms according to different authorities. (1) It is a word
expressive of vexation, distress of mind or disgust, dislike,
displeasure or hatred; (2) dirt of the ear or paring of the nail;
(3) alas, woe, fie; $ &: Fie upon you (21:68). 3>\ U_gl jiS ^ :
And say not thou to them 3\ i.e. do not thou deem anything of
their affairs burdensome nor be contracted in bosom thereby,
nor be rough or harsh or coarse to them; or do not thou say to
them anything expressive of disgust. (17:24).

Jj3t [aor. jiti inf. noun tiit] : He went away at random or heedlessly,
and went away in the JliT (regions of the land); he went away
into the country, jit [aor. jft] : He attained the utmost degree
in generosity, knowledge or science, jit [aor. jiU]: He overcame
or surpassed; he was beautiful. *tfa*Jt j> jit : He gave to some
more than to others, jit (plural tJtit): (1) The main and middle
part of a road; (2) the face or surface there of. jit and jit (plural
JliT): A side; a remote side; (3) a border or an extremity of the
earth and of the sky or heavens; the horizon or part next to the
horizon of the sky and of the earth; (4) the side of a tent,
jtWi J) LjtjT: We will show them Our Signs in the farthest
regions (41:54). Jlp'Ji jHb j*j : And (He revealed His Word)
when he was in the highest part of the horizon (53:8).

k-l&t [aor. u_£iU and L_£it aor. lJ&Ij inf. noun l^il and l^il and tfjil and
t£il]: (1) He changed his or its state or condition or manner of
being; (2) he turned him or it away or back from a thing; (3) he
turned him away or back by lying; (4) he changed or perverted
his judgement or opinion; (5) he deceived him or beguiled him;
(6) he lied or said what was untrue. J-ui He told the people
what was false. J&t : He was turned from his judgement or
opinion by deceivers' guile. : He was (as though perverted)
weak in his intellect and judgement. ^ J^t L_£ii : The
man was turned away or back from good. Us^t u£ikJ u*U- \ ;
Hast thou come to turn us away from our gods (46:23). aJ. ^_£ijj
L_£ii ja : He is turned away from it who would be turned away

22

or who is deceived or deluded (51:10). oj&b. ^ Jiiij^a lili : And
lo! it swallowed up all that which they had fabricated (26:46).
l$l»b Sibil cJjb'l : The town was or became overthrown or
subverted with its inhabitants. J&ijJi (plural. ci^Jjlii): The
town or city overturned or subverted. The plural cJ^ii jXlt also
signifies the winds that turn over the surface of the earth or
ground or the winds that blow from different quarters. J&j (inf.
noun): A lie; a falsehood, olii (as also o jit and JQt): A great
or habitual liar. iibiJb c-&Jj*iij : And the over-turned towns
wrought evil (69:10). ^ji ii» : This is an old lie (46:12).
L_Tl3t JS3 Jjj : Woe to every great liar and sinner (45:8).

Jit [aor. Jib and Jib and Jit aor. jib inf. noun *sfjil]: (1) It was or
became absent hidden or concealed; (2) it set. JJbJl jt- jSvi jit :
Such a one became absent or went away from the town. JiT
(act. part.): Setting applied to moon or sun. (plu). Jli jit bUi
'J$i\ When it set, he said, I do not like those that set

(6:77).

J^l [aor. ffi inf. noun and ^U] aATi : He ate it. ^Uli fj^J jit ji :
He eats the flesh of men i.e. he defames men or does so in their
absence. 14* *s*r ( ^ J^ <jt -^t C^J I ; Would any one of you
like to eat the flesh of his dead brother (49:13). jil : He
devoured my wealth. cJas^\ jbJt cisi : The fire devoured or
consumed the firewood, tjit- JTt : He consumed his life. ^jJt
tjgjl jjlrb : Those who devour interest (2:76). tjjjJi JST : He
who takes (eats) interest. oblt> °y> tjlT : Eat of the good things
(2:173). ^>tj ^T: Eat thou (O woman) and drink (19:27). ^1 :
Eating, bj S^t i*tjaJl ojlf is : You devour the heritage, devouring
completely (89:20). JTT : (1) Eating; (2) an eater. (jj^T plural).

6jk^' : You will be eating from a tree (56:53). Jtfi (6j^
plural) or Jjst or JIft : Great eater. J 15 1 J^j : A man who eats
much; great eater; voracious. cA-JJ jjlTt : Great devourers of
forbidden things (5:43). JTt (and ji\and JjTU): (1) What is
eaten; (2) any eatable; (3) fruit; p)i bjlTt : Its fruit is perpetual
(13:36); (4) means of subsistence; (5) worldly good fortune;

23

J> J]

JTi ji '■ Such a one is possessed of worldly good fortune and
ample means of subsistence. (6) intelligence; judgement;
firmness of intellect. Jjf i* k-ii*f : Like straw eaten up (105:6).

J I is a conj. particle or conj. noun or a particle of determination
on and is equivalent to the English article "the." J^Ji : The
man. It (JO is used to distinguish a noun as known to the hearer
or reader in a particular and definite sense first, by its being
mentioned before as in the words 'J\ ^

JjJ^i ^°j£.°ji : Like as We sent unto pharaoh a Messenger, and
Pharaoh disobeyed the Messenger (73:16,17); secondly, by its
being conceived in the mind as in jUJi Ui i) : When they two
were in the cave (9:40): Thirdly by its being applied to a thing
present as in J^r^Ji lii ^ ibr : This man came to me. It is also
used to denote the species; first to denote the totality of the
individual of the species as in l%^> ^L-W 1 ; For man has
been created weak (4:29); secondly, to denote the totality of the
properties of the individual or the combination of all those
properties in one thing as in Ui* Jjf^Ji lij : Zaid is perfect in
knowledge, ok^ 1 L_£Jii : That is the book, i.e. that is
pre-eminently the book; that book alone is perfect. It is also
used to denote predominance of application as in kJ.wi> : The
city, i.e. the city of the Holy Prophet. It may also supply the
place of the affixed pronoun as in t$jUii ^» jli : Verily
Paradise, it shall be his place of abode (79:42). It is also a conj.
noun in the sense of JjaJi and its variations. Strangely enough,
sometimes Ji is used as an interrogative as in ci*i ji in the
sense of ci*i Ji.

J] (1) Relationship; or nearness with respect to kindred.

&s Slj 01 : They would not observe any tie of relationship or
covenant in respect of you (9:8); (2) good origin; (3) a place or
person from where a place or person originates; (4) a compact
or covenant; (5) a confederacy or league; a covenant between
two parties by which either is bound to protect the other; (6) a
promise, an assurance of safety or security or indemnity; J^i j>j :

24

J! J]

A keeper of the covenant; (7) lordship; (8) revelation or
inspiration; (9) JV 1 also signifies God; (10) a neighbour; (11) it
is also syn. with used in a plural sense. Sn denotes an
interrogation respecting a negative. It also denotes a wish, a
reproof, a reproach or the asking for or requiring a thing. It is
further used as an inceptive article in the sense of "now" and
"why" and also means verily, truly, surely. For some of these
uses and meanings, see 24:23; 9:13; 6:32; 2:13, 14; 11:9. itf is
sometimes immediately followed by another U as in °J^h ^ &
lllip Let no one behave foolishly against us. til is a particle
denoting a wish or reproof i.e. when followed by a future tense,
exciting to an action and asking or desiring or demanding the
performance of it; and when followed by a preterite, a reproof
for not doing a thing; syn. with ilT J*l> Ui : Wherefore wilt
thou not do such a thing. l-AS" ci*i Ul : Wherefore didst not thou
such a thing. It also means U jt : The j being incorporating into
J which is written with teshdeed. Jis- ijl*J U( : That you exalt not
yourselves against me (27:32). It has often J prefixed to it,
forming the compound which signifies "that" or "in order

that not", and may frequently be rendered by "lest", oj^d

jJQfi ^LdJ : That people may have not argument against you
or lest people should have an argument against you. (2:151). Ul
not to be confounded with the compound of the conditional jt
and the negative *i is used in four manners: (1) It is used to
denote exception Jusail meaning "except", "Save" and
sometimes "but" and sometimes "but not". In Arabic t(Ll>\
(exception) is of two kinds (a) J-^m Jusail i.e. an exception in
which the thing excepted belongs to the same class or species
to which the things from which an exception is sought to be
made, belong, as in tf) fjSti tUf : All the people came except
Zaid; (b) jiaiw Z\±lL>\ i.e. an exception in which the excepted
belongs to a different class or species as in ijU^- Ui ^\ iS^ : All
the people came but the ass. J~Jj\\1\\j&L~3 : So they all
submitted, but Iblis did not (2:35). (Iblis not being one of the
angels). Ui (in vv 42:24; 20:3,4, 10:99) may be said to be t<^>\

25

jJaiw ; (2) it is used as syn. with 'Js- and l$j**> i.e. "other than" or
"not". Uili) Hji iJ) igli U-g3 jlT }J : There had been in them gods
other than Allah (or not Allah), then the two would have gone
to ruin (21:23). (3) Sometimes it is used as a conjunction as
syn. with j i.e. "And". For this meaning of Ui see vv. 2:151;
27:10, 11,12. (4) Sometimes it is syn. with Ui meaning "but",
"except", "only" or "nothing more than". JJ$i ill ji :
There was not one of them but treated their Messengers as liars
(38:15). (5) It is also a particle (or rather a compound of two
words) denoting the complement of a condition; originally *i
signifying "if not" or "unless". ^ lx& j& s)I*b U) : If you
do not do it, there will be mischief in the land (8:74). ajj-ijJ Ul
aji t'j^sj : if y 0U d 0 n ot help him, certainly Allah helped him
(9:40). jjiili jiilj til jJjir : Do not die unless you are
Muslims (2:133).

cJt [aor. cJU inf. noun tail] : (1) It (a thing) decreased; (2)
diminished; (3) lessened; (4) became defective, deficient,
incomplete or imperfect. : He diminished to him his right

or due or defrauded him of aportionof it. j^A ^U* ^UsJl U : We
will not diminish to them aught of the recompense of their
work (52:22)

[aor. a& inf. noun Jail] «il : He kept or clave to it. «Jl (aor. JiJij
and ujJIj inf. noun Jill) and «Ii (aor. u>l\ j* inf. noun 3Sfl) and «Jl
(aor. JiJjj inf. noun *3S\Jl) : (1) He frequented it or resorted to it
habitually; (2) he became familiar with it or accustomed to it;
(3) he became friendly with him, he loved him. «Jl also means:
He provided him with necessary things and prepared him; (4)
he made a covenant with him during a journey for the purpose
of trade; he traded with him; (5) he made him to keep or cleave
to the place; (6) he made him love it or him; he made him stick
to it. cil^Jij frtsijl lU-j j^ijl jty J&i ; For the keeping of the
Kureish to the journey of the winter and the summer. (106:2,3)
3%\ : (1) sticking or make one stick to a thing; (2) loving or
making one love a person or thing; (3) Provide a person with a

26

^1 4)1

thing; (4) a covenant or an obligation or an obligation
involving responsibility for safety, protection. uA\ (plural v3*j/l
and k3jJi) : One thousand and many thousands. ^ '■ Two
thousands, lill: (1) Love or affection; (2) a state of sticking or
cleaving to a person; (3) a state of union, alliance, agreement.
(^4^ (inf. noun Ja^ti) : He united them or brought them
together after separation and made them love one another; he
caused union or companionship to take place between them.

ui&i : The composition of a book, aute is the putting of
many things into such a state that one name becomes applicable
to them whether these bear to some of the parts a relation to
others or not. ojllli iilji : Those whose hearts are united; those
in whose hearts love is created.

[aor. J£il; and J&U inf. noun l&i and i£jJl and isJU and ^jJ']
^<JJi l_£Ji : He [a horse] chewed the bit. £j£Ji j£ l_£Ji : He acted
as a messenger between the people. : He conveyed or
communicated to him a message. : He sent. JfjJi : (1) A
thing that is chewed; (2) a message or communication sent
from one person to another. JsSj> (both singular and plural);
plural also <*Sh* and ~&Hj> of which the original form is JsLo :
Means an angel because he conveys or communicates the
message from God, being derived from Jijll , the root being
l_£Ji. Jf'fc : A message. J£u is also said to have been derived
from J£l* (power; possession) and is lJCU (king) derived from
Both the words t_£L» (angel) and (king) possess the
sense of power and possession.

pi) [aor. jiiU inf. noun p\]: He was in pain; he suffered pain. p\

Plural): Pain; ache. ^} : Causing pain; painful; causing pain in
the utmost degree, pj Cj\\i> : Painful punishment, pj >1>\& $ :
For whom shall be a grievous punishment (3:92).

<tft or iil [aor. aft inf. noun and Si^'l and (1) He served,

worshipped or adored; (2) he was or became confounded or
perplexed and unable to see his right course, Jlp Q\ : He was
or became vehemently affected with grief on account of such a

27

4JI

one. aJi : He took himself to him for refuge or protection; he
sought or asked aid or succour of him. ^-gJi : He reckoned him
among gods. and aSl) : An object of worship or adoration i.e.
a god or deity; (ijii plural) ^$1 : Two gods.

£Ul is the name of the Supreme Being Who is the sole
possessor of all perfect attributes and is free from all defects. In
the Arabic language, this word is never used for any other
being or thing. No other language has a distinctive name for the
Supreme Being. The names found in other languages are
attributive or descriptive. *JJl is always used in the singular. It is
a simple substantive, not derived. Some say it is a proper name
applied to the Being Who exists necessarily by Himself,
comprising all the attributes of perfection, the Jl being
inseparable from it. Some say it is from ill , either because
minds are confounded or perplexed by the greatness or majesty
of God or because He is the object of recourse for protection or
aid. Some are of the opinion that it is from which
signifies height, others think that it is from ajJjflSf which
signifies brightness, yet others are of the view that it is from the
Syriac l*Sf. But all these are mere speculations and have no
foundation in fact. The word <UJl is derived from no other word,
nor any other word is derived from it. is an expression used
in prayer meaning ui\ Ij the ^ being a substitute for ^meaning, O
God.

H\ [aor. jfc inf. noun \$\ and tjfi and Oj] J2» j] U» : He fell short; he
fell short of doing that was requisite or he was remiss. y>*i\ J> Ut :
He did not do what was expected of him regarding the affair,
bvii *i : I will not be remiss in giving thee sincere or
faithful advice. Vt> V ; They will not be remiss in
corrupting you (3:119). jJaiJijJji JjIj V : And let not those
who have bounty or abundance from among you be remiss or
fall short (24:23). J\ (aor. °J°& inf. noun : He swore. J\ :
He swore an oath. Jb'i also means he swore. iAJi aAJi Jj^j JJi
\'jfc> ajL-j °y> pL>} : The Holy Prophet swore that he would not

28

go into his wives for a month. IjJi or ijJji is a plural which has
no singular; (o^ji fern.) possessors of; possessed of;
possessing, having. Jjji> ^ tjJ jl j aj$ tjJ jl jAj : We possess great
strength and great power of punishment (27:34). jLjiLiJij Jjjij
f*^ 1 csb 1 • And leave Me and the rejectors of truth, those having
ease and plenty (73:12). (JJjt pass part). J J : Those having
or possessed of authority. Jit : (1) Is a preposition or particle
governing a noun in the gen. case and denotes the end, as
opposed to & which denotes the beginning of an extent, or of
the space between two points; or the end of an extent of a
place; Js&W o*JUii J\ : From the Sacred

Mosque, to, or as far as the Distant Mosque (17:2); (2) in some
respect it agrees with j»- : (3) it signifies to, till or until; p
$\ J\ : Then complete the fast till nightfall (2:188); (4)
Sometime it signifies towards; Jit : He looked towards me;
(5) sometimes it occurs in the sense of (in addition) when a
thing is joined to another thing, aJJi J\ JsjUaJi jj> : Who will be
my helpers with or in addition to God (61:15) Jit ffljX *ij
*£llj*l : And devour not their property in addition to or with
your property (4:3); (6) it is also used to show the grammatical
agency of the noun governed by it, after a verb of wonder; U
Jit Ajaift (and is syn. with aIp) : How hateful is he to me; oj
Jit : O God my Lord, the prison is more pleasing or

preferable to me (12:34); (7) It is also syn. with J as in y^j
uJCl] : And the matter rests with thee (27:34); (8) It is also syn.
with Jlp. JJ frtpt J# JJt Ulisj : And We decreed against Bani
Israel or We revealed to the Children of Israel (17:5); (9) It is
also syn. with j> . In 4:88 we have: &Gi3( fy. Jit ^^J^S ; He will
gather you on the Day of Judgement. <*S^\ '^S\ : O God, I
complain to Thee. J^ l_CJi : Be away from me.

s-Vj! meaning "these" and "those", is a plural having no proper
singular, or a noun denoting a plural, and its singular is ^ for
the masculine and is) for the feminine; for it is both masc. and
fern, and is applied to rational beings and irrational things. j»i
tjj\ Ju fr^ji : They (these) are closely following me (20:85).

29

frtf jl f I

The particle l» used as an inceptive to give notice of what is
about to be said is prefixed to it. ^p* means v these' as ti!»
means 'this'. ^—SCi^l Wj!»: These are thy people. The u_f of
allocation is added to it so that you say J£i)jl or ^Jo^'ji and
*&Jjl , all meaning "these" like as ulTli and L_£J'i means "that".
When one says jl , the singular is L_£J'i and when one says
, the singular is Jjl is likewise a plural having no
proper singular and means "they who", "those which" and
simply "who" and "which". Its singular is ds^ and is changed
from being a noun of indication so as to having the meaning of
j£JJl. UlU \°jk> A3 J jVi 5] : They who have transgressed against us.
frVl (singular Jl and or jJt and and Jl and Jl) : (1)
Benefit, (2) benefaction, (3) favour,

ji^a^ OliLj aIj ^^siJl i Jl ^4J>4 Jyol^"
Kamil possesses all the attributes of youth. He is wideawake,
chief of the chiefs and is generous; (4) boon or blessing; (5)
might; (6) power; (7) attribute; (8) good quality. fUi ilii j'J"iti :
So remember the favours of Allah (7:70).

^ [aor. (y„ inf. noun iiUt] L»l (1) He repaired or he took himself to
him; (2) he aimed at; sought after or pursued him or it; (3) he
intended or purposed it. f jiil ft or fjiib ^ : He led the people or
led them so as to serve as an object of imitation or an example,
he took precedence of them. j»l (act. part.): One who repairs to
or aims at a thing or place. (j~?l Plural.) fl^Jl 63 js?l : Nor
those repairing to the Sacred House (5:3). Uii : I was to him a
mother, fl (i*4*l dim. oi^i plural): (1) Mother; (2) source, origin
or basis of a thing; (3) anything which is a means of sustenance
and support or of reformation; anything to which other things
surrounding it are linked or collected together; (4) a place of
collection or comprehension or combination of a thing; (5) the
head or chief of a people; (6) a man who has the charge of the
food and service of a people or who is their servant; (7) a man's
aged wife; (8) a place of habitation or abode. ajjU 'Sh ; His
place of habitation or abode shall be fire or Hell shall be its
mother (101:10); (9) the ensign or standard which an army

30

follows; (10) laws or statutes, ordinances. j^°^>\^>\; Their laws
or ordinances or statutes are different, or their times are
different. J^r^Jl ft : The man's wife and the person who manages
the affairs of his house. j*\°J\ ^ : The brain. l_£J fl *i : Mayest
thou have no mother, also : May thy mother be

bereft of thee or lose thee. The word *l relates to both animate
or inanimate things. ^ : The Milky Way. cs'^i ft : The

mother of the towns - the metropolis (6:93). ji^JaJi fl : The main
part of the road, jfo ^ : Bread. dJl^Ji : Wine, ot^li ? i : The
source of all commandments (13:40); basis of the Book (3:8).
l^) : The unlettered; is a relative noun from aii(nation), of or (1)
belonging to or relating to the nation (ail) of the Arabs who did
not read or write and metaphorically applied to any one not
knowing the art of writing or reading; (2) one not having a
revealed scripture, particularly an Arab; (3) unlettered man; (4)
ignorant person. It is also said to be a relative noun from ft
(mother) and an ignorant person means one who does not know
how to read or write because the art of reading or writing is
acquired and such a person is as his mother brought him forth
in respect of ignorance of that art; or he is as sinless or
immaculate as his mother brought him forth, (oj^ 1 plural). <Sj*fd
^Jl JjJ^Ji : Who follow the Messenger, the Prophet, the
Immaculate one (7:158). J4^ J> ulU J4J : We are not to
blame in the matter of the unlearned (3:76). (ft plural.): (1)
A way, course, mode or manner of acting or conduct; (2) a rule
of life or conduct; (3) religion; religious persuasion; ail *i :
Such a one has no religion, no religious persuasion; (4)
obedience to God; (5) the followers of a particular religion; (6)
a people to whom a Prophet is sent whether believers or
unbelievers; S^-tjail JaJi jlf : Mankind were one community (or
one people) (2:214); (7) a nation; a people; a race; a tribe; a
collective body of men; (8) a generation of men; or people of
one time; (9) the creatures of God; Jji ail °y> cJtj I* : I

have not seen of the creatures of God any one more beautiful
than he; (10) a righteous man who is an object of imitation;

31

(11) one who follows the true religion; (12) one who is known
for goodness; (13) a man combining all good qualities; (14) a
learned man who is singular in his learning; (15) one who has
no equal. aJLJ Lila jlT *4*$t h\ '■ Abraham was indeed a paragon
of virtue, obedient to Allah (16:121); (16) stature; tfji :
Verily, he is beautiful in respect of stature or as regards stature;
(17) a time; a period of time; a while. : And he

remembered after a time (12:46). Uitftfi : (1) A party who stand
by their covenant; (2) a people who perform well the duties
entrusted to them; (3) a people who stand up for Prayer in the
latter part of the night (3:114). ftfi : (1) A person or learned man
whose example is followed; (2) any exemplar; a model; a leader
of a people whether they may be following the right way or not
(Slit plural.); (3) the head of a religious community. L_£i*br °j>\
UUl ^.LdJ : I will make thee a leader of men (2:125); (4) the
leader of any army; (5) the guide; (6) the driver of camels (fUl
A»V0 (7) The scripture of any people; ^Ul l}£is ^ : The
day when We shall summon every people with their Leader or
their Scripture (17:72); fU °J> aUli^i j^A J^j : And all things
We have recorded in a clear Book (36:13); (8) a road or way; a
manifest road or way; fUJ U4i]j : And they both lie on a
manifest way (15:80); (9) a tract, quarter or region of the earth;
the direction of the Qibla. ftfi : Before. l_&Ui : Look before
thee; beware thou. _^£J : To send wickedness in advance
of (or before) him (75:6). ft is a conjunction connected with
what precedes it so that neither what precedes it nor what
follows it is independent of the other. It denotes interrogation
or is used in a case of interrogation corresponding to the
interrogative t and meaning They say /jif- ft jl&l ^ 1$ : Is
Zaid in the house or Amr, i.e. which of the two (U-fcO, therefore
what follows fl and what precedes it composes one sentence,
and what follows it must correspond to what precedes it in the
quality of noun and of verb. i*tl fl ffi '■ Is Zaid standing or
sitting. vS\ fl pit jiait > : Do you know better or Allah (2:141). £
jiijla jJJ ft (^Jj lit : Whether thou warn them or warn them not

32

(2:7). It is also used as a simple interrogative in the sense of Ja
as in frTig^ (iaiTft: Were you present (2: 134).

U( is used to denote an interrogation, in a compound of the
interrogative hamzah and the negative U. It is a mere
interrogative as in fUl ,^^> Ul : Art thou not ashamed of
thyself with respect to God. *i\ It is also an inceptive word used
in the manner of *i\ followed by Li\ . It is syn. with *i\ (meaning
"now" or 'now surely" or both of these meaning verily or truly).
jJJ J" Jjt ') 'a\ Ul : Verily, or now surely, he is a generous man. \X\
is a conditional and partitive and corroborative particle. ^aJi

Ijylf : As for those who disbelieved, they will know. 1*1 j
Ojljii jJJJ' : As for those who disbelieved, they will say. In
most cases it is used as a partitive implying the meaning of a
condition. 1*1 : As for as the boat is concerned. &j :

And as for the boy. Few have mentioned its use as a
corroborative as in the phrase aJj l5t : Whatever may be,
Zaid is going. It is sometimes used as a compound of ft and the
interrogative U as in ^'Juki^Vi \X\ : Or rather what is it that you
did (27:85). l2t was originally U jl, the particle h\ having been
added to U which means "if". The change effected in the sense
of the particle jt by the addition of the particle U is that whereas
jl alone expresses a mere contingency or possibility which is
not necessarily accompanied by hope, the addition of the
particle U makes the contingency not only more emphatic but
also expressive of hope. <s&\ jom L*ij : And if We

show thee some of the things We have promised them, (thou
will know it) (10:47). 1*1 denotes doubt as in lij lit fli °J* ijj>\ U
/JJ- \j>\j : I know not who stood, whether Zaid or Amr. It also
denotes giving option; ^$3 jl lit j oi* 3 jl Ui : Either thou
punish them or treat them with kindness (18:87). It also denotes
vagueness of meaning; o}4 l*!j (*4-*4*i & : Either He will
punish them or He will turn to them with compassion (9:106).
It is also used as a partitive as in Ijjif iSlj l^Tlii tfl : Whether he
be grateful or ungrateful (76:4).

33

C~«l [aor. c-«Ij inf. noun l^i] iwi : He measured it; determined its
measure, quantity or the like; computed or conjectured its
measure; he betook himself to it or sought after it. f jiJl cJ>\ : He
computed the number of the people, (inf. noun cJ>'\) cS\ : (1) A
measure of distance; Aij^Ji j£j U cJi ^ : What is the
distance between thee and Kufa (2) doubt; cit yJti\ J> j-J :
There is no doubt about the unlawfulness of wine; (3) curvity
or unevenness; ruggedness in one place and smoothness in
another; one part being higher or more prominent than another;
an elevated place; small mounds or hills; depression or
elevation; &\ *i tj brj* : Wherein you will see no

depression and elevation (20:108); cJ>\ also means a fault, a
defect, an imperfection or the like; weakness; feebleness;
languor, remissness; a goodway, course, mode or manner of
acting or conduct.

[aor. x»£ inf. noun X»i] all* X>\ \ He was angry with him. &\ : (1)
Time, considered with regard to its end and <$^j being time
considered with regard to its end and its beginning (but
sometimes it is interchangeable with <$^j); (2) the utmost or
extreme extent, term, limit, point or reach, ajUi £1j : He or it
reached his or its utmost limit or extent. iIoIaJo^ ; He
assigned or appointed for him a limit, a term; (3) the period of
life which one has reached; (4) each of the two terms of the life
of a man i.e. the time of his birth and the time of his death; (5)
the starting place and the goal of horses in a race; (6) any space
of time; a space of time of unknown limit; a particular time. UJ
iHnjSjf : The time that they had tarried (18: 13). iUi °J>^ £ j*w f » :
Whether my Lord will fix for it a long time (72:26). Jtial
l»Sh : So the term had prolonged for them (57:17). The
difference between i«i and 1*5 is that whereas the former means
time limited in duration, the latter means time everlasting. Qiit
$ Sj^'j ^ '■ This life has a limited duration, but the next life is
everlasting.

j*\ [aor. y\j inf. noun y>\ and jUi and y»\ aor. y& inf. noun tj>\ and

34

£^

j^ 1 : Command (plural y)^). 'j^ 1 : He commanded him,
ordered him, enjoined him. <o ay\ or aC\ a'y\ : He commanded or
ordered him to do it. y) (act. part.). j)& (Pass, part.). y\ and ^
(aor. yty: He held command or became commander or
governor. ?yl\ ^ y\ ; He became an *Jt*\ (commander) over the
people, (inf. noun fljUj). ^\ Js. ay\ : He made him governor or
leader over the people. {s\'y\ plural) : Governor, leader, king
etc. y} [aor. yty: It (a man's property) multiplied. y$\ yj : The
case or affair became distressful, difficult or severe. Jail cJQ
y'yX* : O my father, do whatever thou art commanded (37:103).
ay\ £ ay\ or : He consulted him respecting his affair. I jy\
s-LlJi : Consult women respecting themselves. 'jj^'j
kJ}^j : And consult one another with kindness (65:7). jt
JSo jj^iU ">UJi : The chiefs are consulting together respecting
thee (28:21). ay\ li J** J^Jj : And now if he does not do what I
bid him (12:33). y\ [yty and jy\ plural]: A command; an order;
a bidding; an injunction; a decree; an ordinance etc; judgement,
course of action; choice; precaution; authority; government or
management; an affair; business; a matter; a concern; a case; a
purpose; a thing; a condition or state; an important event; affair
of state. aJJi y\ Jji : The decree of God is coming (16:2). y\ o^j
\jjX2a *JLit : And the command of Allah is a decree ordained
(33:39). y\ ■y £j^J» : Say, the soul is by the command of
my Lord (17:86). j4 & j% ^ J^^ ■ So the waters met for a
purpose that was decreed (54: 13). r cQ>\ ^UT Ui a^lLIi jil li j : And
the matter of the Hour is but as the twinkling of an eye (16:78).
\y\ i*ki£ cJa U : I never decide any matter (or affair of state)
(27:33). y^\j ji^Ji aJ ill ; His is the creation and the command
(7:55). y*i\ Ijljl : Those who possess the command or authority.

^r^JAJJi Jlj : And to Allah do all things return (2:211). tfj
(j y>\ °j£- &*i : And I did not do it of my own accord (choice,
judgement) (18:83). aU- £S#e ^Sy\ °Jv„ *i p ^ iAi"y%j £s'y\ \yuJ& :
So muster, then all your designs and your partners; then let not
your course of action be obscure to you (10:72). Hy\ °J> Lii^iij :
And excess in our affair or conduct (3: 148) p» y\ JIjj ijSli : They

35

tasted the consequence of their conduct (59:16). cS'jj-*>

And whose affairs are decided by mutual consultation
(42:39). U^it uii-i JL5 : We have taken our precaution (9:50). 5 j^*T
cjjyUJb (_^T is singular act. part, from y>\) : Those who enjoin
good (9:112). jUi (feminine Sjtf); Sjttft JJSt : The soul that
enjoins evil, : A severe, distressful or grievous thing; an
abominable, foul, very foul or terrible thing; a wonderful thing.
\y\ &i ci*- J$ : Thou hast done an evil thing (18:72).

Yesterday or the day before the present day. jJa & kJtj li : I
have not seen him since yesterday. jks ^ jlT : As if
nothing had existed there the day before (10:25). LlaJ dJU Uf
j^^k : As you killed a person yesterday (28:20). Note:- ^
with kasra under j* means yesterday, i.e. the day before the
present day. But Al-amsu, Al-amsa and Al-amsi means one of
the past days.

J^t [aor. J-& inf. noun Jit and aJUt] &l : He hoped it, hoped for it or
he expected it or had a distant or remote expectation of it. Jit :
Hope or expectation (syn. j) or a remote expectation or vain
hope, and object of hope. iJUlj : His labour and his hope

or expectation were frustrated JiSfl f^f^j : And the vain hope
may beguile them (15:4). S^t ; And better in respect of
hope (18:47).

[aor. j&. inf. noun ^ and jUi and llit and ^t] #1 : He was or
became or felt in a state of security or safety; originally the
meaning was, he was or became easy in mind and free from
fear. a-Wi ja ja\ or l^Sft &\ : He was safe from lion. *h\'Jtj»

fjjUl Ut Jjt^wo ^iii ^ : Are they then secure from the
design of Allah? And none feels secure from the design of
Allah save the people that perish (7:100). °J>°y*& dj^ij. '■ Who
desire to be secure from you (4:92). kiT (also 'a*) and &l and
and AiiLit) (1) He trusted or confided in him; (2) he
entrusted him with or confided to him power, authority, control
or charge; (3) he gave him charge over a thing or person. Ja Jti
J3 4^1 ^ip j^wl Ui" Ut aIU j^iil : He said: I cannot trust you

36

with him, save as I trusted you with his brother before (12:65).
isiUl j*iji i£i\\ ijlii Ua*j 'ja\ : And if one of you entrust
another with something, then let him who is entrusted,
surrender his trust (2:284). jUjJj La6 l\ : If thou trust him with a
dinar (3:76). Ci^>y„ ^ LwU *i l_£JU : Why dost thou not trust us
with respect to Joseph (or entrust Joseph to us) (12:12); ^s- L»\
aIU iujujl \l£ : He trusted him with respect to such a thing; he
entrusted him with power, authority, control or charge over it;
he gave him charge over it. j*i [aor. j& inf. noun fctfl]. It is
equal to ji and means: He was or became trustworthy or
trustful. : And rendered them safe from fear

(106:5). j»T [aor. j?jj and inf. noun o^l] and : He
rendered him safe or secure; he gave him protection. ^ j*l
: Such a one gave protection to the enemy. Ailb j*1 ; He
believed in God. j*I : He believed him; he believed in what he
said. $ jSi •,! jJ aj (7:124) and jSi jt ji (26:50):
Both mean, you believed in him before I gave you leave. j*y.
jLifijiU j?jdj *XJb : He believes in Allah and believes the faithful
i.e. believes what they say to be truthful or he gives credit to
them. i}J <J j*l : Lot believed in him or believed him (29:27). jl
CStf '■ We will not believe in thy ascension (17:94). j*jj jl
: We shall not believe you (9:94). jit : Security or safety;
peace, freedom from fear; possessed of safety. jJi ^ cit : Thou
art in a state of security. jWi ^ ^-^J j 1 : It is they who shall have
peace (6:83). Uitj ^-UlS ijlfti cdl : When We made the

house a resort for mankind and a place (possessed) of security
(2:126). 3^1 : Peace; security; freedom from fear. j2 (i&l* JJil
iwi jjiil J* : Then after the sorrow He sent down peace on you
(3:155). liUl (otiUi plural): Faithfulness or fidelity; honesty; a
thing committed to the care or trust of a person; a trust or
deposit (2:284); a duty or task allotted to a person; the
commandment of God given to His servant; iiUSli Lu*>j* til
jsjSnj : We offered the trust (or gave the

commandment) to the heavens and the earth (33:73). kUi also
means: A man's family or household; jjpIj ^ :

37

J'

Who are watchful of their covenants and trusts (23:9). j*\
and jar? 1 plural and id feminine) : Safe; secure; free from fear
(2:127; 3:98; 41:41) J (Uj : And in lofty mansions

will they dwell secure (34:38). id : Peaceful, secure town
(16:113). jd^U : Faithful counsellor (7:69). ,>?» Jjij :
Messenger faithful to his trust (26:108). jj$ : Town of
peace or town affording peace (95:4). cp^^ '■ Place of security
(44:52). : The Spirit faithful to the trust (26:194). jd

: Faithful, secure and safe, free from fear etc; trustworthy;
trusted; a guardian; an assistant; the strong; one who trusts
another. jUj) : Belief, particularly in God and His words and
His Messengers; faith; trust or confidence; Prayer; the law
brought by the Holy Prophet, o^j contains and combines three
necessary elements: (a) Profession by tongue; (b) conviction of
mind; (c) demonstration through actions. (27:15; 48:14). jjjJi
li*Ji jjj! : Those who have been given knowledge and
faith. (30:57). ja£ (^j* fern; otwj* plural of i-wj*. dj^j* and
',j~?/y> plural of Believing; a believer in God and His

Messengers; faithful; trusting. ^»p>^ : A believing slave
(2:222). L* ji JaS ji : Who kills a believer by mistake (4:93).
jfjXJl : The Bestower of security; an epithet applied to God
(59:24). jj- (i-fo 4^ h\ '■ Verily, the punishment of their
Lord is not a thing to feel secure from (70:29). <yU : Place of
safety or refuge. p : Then convey him to his place of

security (9:6).

originally or 3}*( [plural oijii and tfy and o'^j and <$ij*i] : A
female slave; a woman whose condition is that of slavery. X*\
aIJi : The handmaid of God came to me. i^J* i*i : A believing
bondwoman (2:222). (i&Ujj : Your slaves, male and

female. : Bondwomen (24:33).

C)\ [aor. jsj and inf. noun jt and j^l]: He moaned or uttered a moan
by reason of pain; he said "Ah" (syn. SjU).

(jt (1) is a particle of the kind called i£y&* rendering the aorist
mansoob [o>i"]. ojji (is i^t ^ jt ^ : Before that death

38

comes to any one of you (63:11); (2) It is a contraction of £>i
and occurs after a verb denoting certainty; (i&Lj ^
j^^: He knows there will be some among you who will be
sick (73:21); (3) It is an explicative meaning <j\. aIJ) L^-jii

L_SUiJi : And We revealed to him saying, make thou the ark
(23:28); (4) It is redundant as a corroborative and occurs mostly
after tii. ^LiJl : And when the bearer of good news

came (12:97) (5) it has a conditional meaning like jt in J^a jt
Uil^-l : If one of the two forget (2:283); (6) It is a negative like
h\ (7) syn. with it as in jlw jt J4 : They wonder

because a Warner has come to them (50:3); (8) syn. with as
in ijLisj jt jiio aJJi jIj : God explains to you lest you go astray
(4:177); (9) it occurs in the sense of <s&\ as in the saying jipl llj
oji^O'i^ : Zaid is more reasonable than he who lies. The
sentence also means: Zaid is too intelligent to lie. Briefly it
means, if; though; even though and so on. is used in various
ways: (1) First as a conditional particle denoting the happening
of the second of two events in consequence of the happening of
the first whether the second be immediate or deferred and
whether the condition be affirmative or negative. A*J ijijif jl : If
you return (to hostility), we shall also return (8:20); (2) it is a
negative syn. with U as in ^uLwJi Ui \ih'j jl : We intended not but
what is good (9:107). See also 67:21; 86:5; 10:69; 72:26;
35:42; (3) It is a contraction of h\ as in $ & b\

($UpI : Surely thy Lord will certainly repay them in full

(11:112). See also 43:36; 20:64; 2:144; 17:77; 26:187; (4) it is
redundant occurring with U ; (5) it is syn. with as in cJiii ji
tj'J^h : Surely, reminding is profitable (87:10); (6) Some say it
is syn. with St meaning "because" as in j^ji f£ jt iljttjirtj :
And fear Allah because you are true believers (5:58).
£u>\ ji ^r^Jll^JUJl : You shall certainly enter the Sacred

Mosque in security because Allah has willed it (48:28); (7) It is
syn. sometimes with iSi as in jUi^ 1 Js- I y^sLs ji : If or when
they prefer disbelief to belief (9:23) and 33:58);'(8) it is used
for lit. So briefly jt means if; not; verily, because; when; ji is

39

originally 5] or is a derivative from jt. With o prefixed to it is
a particle of comparison. Sometimes jla denotes denial, jt^
also denotes knowing and also thinking, jt is sometimes
contracted into jt. It is also syn. with J*J as in cJ)
Qi UJ ts : Come to the market, may be thou wilt buy for us
something. b°y*0 & p^jt^j '■ And what should make

thee know, may be when it comes, they will not believe
(6:110). h\ is a corroborative particle, corroborating the
predicate; governing the subject in the accus. case and the
predicate in the nom. case and it may generally be rendered as
verily, certainly, surely and the like. h\ is sometimes contracted
into jl. (i^-j aUi 5] : Verily, Allah is Most Forgiving,
Merciful. It is also syn. with i.e. even so; yes; yea, as in the
verse ^bryJ & tf&Ji tf'j?^ b\ '■ Verily, (or yes) these two
are magicians who seek to drive you out (20:64). Uii is
considered to be a compound of jt and U meaning: Surely. It
imports restriction of that which it precedes to that which
follows it, giving the sense of "only". d'J&\ olIl^Ji Uil : The
alms are meant only for the poor (9:60). The word, however,
does not always import restriction but sometimes only
corroboration of an affirmation giving the sense of "verily" or
"surely" as in ii^-Jl J> > y*J>\ Uil i.e. surely (one form of) usury is
in the delay of payment.

dJl [aor. dS\j inf. noun bit] : It was or became female or feminine or
it (Iron) was or became soft. Jai (tfUl plural) means, female;
feminine; of the female sex or feminine gender. It also means
inanimate things; small stars. Jtfl : A feminine woman - a
perfect woman. "J"i Jjrj : A man perfect in his masculine
attributes, djj* : An effeminate man or a man in the form of a
woman; a feminine word. UUl Ul AJji b°£°A. b\ '■ They invoke
besides Him but lifeless objects (4:118). out a&*dt uiU : Did
We create the angels females (37:151).

[aor. J-ilj and J*>l aor. J*3U and J~sU and J~»l aor. J~»U inf. noun
llsi and i-ji] <o j-ji and &\ and J^sLii : He was or became

40

friendly or familiar with him J~i\zZ>\ : (1) He looked; (2) he
considered or examined, endeavouring to obtain a clear
knowledge of a thing; (3) he looked about to ascertain if he
could see any one; (4) he enquired; (5) he asked permission.
\°jJl~s'j ij^jLlj : Until you have asked permission and
saluted (24:28). iJ^t Ja J^isiij iliii : Go and look if you see
any one. *i4^ iS**^ 1 *-*-" js* : Without seeking to engage in talk
i.e. without seeking to have delight in talking (33:54). <u jJl or
A-lit : (1) He behaved in a friendly manner with him; (2) he saw
him or it; (3) he perceived it; (4) he saw it so that there was no
doubt in it; he saw it not having known it before; (5) he heard
it; (6) he felt it; he knew it; was certain of it. t jU j)kJi °y> jJl
: He perceived a fire in the direction of the mount (28:30). jil
llAj '■ Then if you find in them sound judgement (4:7).

J«jl (Plural J*i and ^-M and J-lil and J-Ul with which J-U is syn.
being a contraction thereof): A select friend or companion; lia
[g~i\ : (1) He is my select friend; (2) mankind as opposed to j=r
as also J-ii and , the last i.e. , being applied to male
and female and singular and plural. J~5l = J~si : Many men; a
numerous company of men; a tribe staying; the inhabitants of a
house. ^j-Jt : Belonging to mankind; human. '£~j\fJ- :
Domestic asses; a human being; a man. J^V'j (S^ 1 ^ : I
have not created the jinn and the men (51:57). iLJj f jJl ^ :
I will therefore not speak this day to any human being (19:27).

^-oUij liuit : Cattle and men in great numbers (25:50). J~»i :
Familiarity; sociableness; joy; ease, jUJi : Man; mankind:
Applied to the male and female and used as both singular and
plural, (plural and J-Ul). Respecting the derivation of o 1 -^]
authors differ. Some say that it is from jJ^ 5 others say it is
from J-UjI signifying "perfection" or "sight" and "knowledge"
and "sensation", because man uses these faculties. It is also said
that the form o 1 -^] is also used for , as though it were a
dual meaning "a double associate", i.e. an associate with the
jinn and with his own kind. They say ji^b ^<Jb jJ\ ; He
associated with the jinn and associated with men. Some other

41

people derive it from J-*jJi signifying "motion", some others say
that it is originally o^s-h! from o^s-*-^ (forgetfulness). It is said:
^Ji *2\ x$£- k>\ ULJi 'JLL Uji : He was only named because
he was commanded and forgot. <$^] also means lS^\ '• The
image that is reflected in the black of the eye; the pupil or apple
of the eye; or the black of the eye. It also means the land that is
not cultivated. l^U^-j : But man bore it (33:73). ^
,j>\jS ; Remember the day when We shall summon every people
(17:72). J-U is syn. with J-Ul being a contraction thereof and
means: Men; mankind; people; oj : Lord of men; Lord of
mankind.

[aor. Jfljij and Jail* inf. noun tail] : He struck his nose (inf.
noun Jail). a>i) (aor. Jaili) La J*\ : He turned up his nose at it; he
hated it (inf. noun Jail). Jail = UiT : In the beginning; just now; a
little while ago; in the first time; near. UiT Jl3 liU : What he has
been talking about just now (47:17).

1 and fU^i : Mankind and the jinn or what are on the surface of
the earth ; everything having a soul; or every one who is

subject to sleep as though it were derived from l$**>j J>]^j
^u*>U : And He has set the earth for His creatures (55: 1 1).

^ [aor. inf. noun ji\ and ^ and *Ul and ^j] «uUuf : (1) Its time
came; it was or became or drew near; (2) it attained to its full or
final time or state; (3) it became mature or ripe or it became
thoroughly cooked. ^JJJ jtf : Has not the time come for
those who believe (57:17). «U) jtj&i 'Js- : Without waiting for its
appointed time; without waiting for it having been cooked
(33:54). s-UJi J\ The water became hot to the utmost degree. ji\
(il^Ji : The hot water became hot to the utmost degree. (4)
also means, it (a thing) was or became behind its time; delayed.
^31 (and Jgit and y\ and ^it and ^J\): An hour or a short portion of
time; or an indefinite time; a time of the night; any hour of the
night; or the whole day. j* : A time of the night

passed. (JuT plural), jji ^uT : Hours of the night (20:131). Ji*
jLjJl &\'J>\j ( p}\ iuT : Meaning the day and the night. ^ as also

42

: The utmost point or degree. »UI gX> and »UI: It reached its
utmost point; its state of being thoroughly cooked; its state of
maturity or its final state or time. (33:54). *U): A vessel or
receptacle of water. plural) J-fci ^ib : And

vessels of silver will be passed round among them (76:16).
(act. part, from ^0 and (fern.): Boiling; or hot to the utmost
degree, jl ■ Fierce boiling water (55:45). ajT jIp: Boiling
spring. (88 : 6) : While meaning hot to the utmost degree,
also means a patient, moderate man. jSn : Time; now; at
present; the present time, : It drew near; it attained to its full,
jj cli* ^ j : What! now! while thou wast disobedient
before (10:92). ja = $ °y> = = JCS = g\ : Whence; or from
where; when; how and however. il» l_£J ^ : Whence hast thou
this (3:38). f# ^ : How shall I have a son (3:41) ijsii

j^iJ> ^ii (i^LJ^ : So approach your tilth when and how you like
(2:224).

[aor. JaI* and JaIj inf. noun *>Ui] JsrJJl Jil : The man married. Jil
Sij^i : He married a woman (also JaU and J^j)). aj Jil [aor. JaIj) :
He became friendly with him. j-* 1 : The house became

inhabited. : He said to him £p-y> j "Af^j SUi i.e. he welcomed
him. JaI : (1) The people of a house or a dwelling, and of a
town or village and of a country; (2) fellow members of one
family or race and of one religion and of one craft, art or trade;
(3) relations whether they have followers or dependants or not
(whereas JT signifies relations with their followers or
dependents; (4) relations; (5) followers or dependents; (6)
inhabitants; (7) the possessors or owners of property; (8)
having a right or title to a thing; worthy, deserving or fit for a
thing; the authors of a thing; (9) wife; (10) family; (11) people;
men; (12) master of the house. Jil : The people of the

Book (5:60). J^Wi jil : People of the Gospel (5:48). jil :
People of the towns (7:97). f4J.Ji Jil i\± ; People or inhabitants
of the city came (15:68). JaI ijilli : So ask those who
possess the Reminder (16:44). c3 JaI : People of the house
(1 1:74); members of the family (33:34). J&ii # Si : When

43

thou didst go forth early in the morning "from thy household"
(3:122). ^t Jit : The family or wives or daughters of the
Prophet and his sons-in-law, comprising his grand-children. Jit
J4\pi : The man's wife and his children. .f$*Ji J* 1 • Those who
have a compact or covenant with Muslims. tJ&J Jit : Having a
right or title to such a thing; entitled thereto; worthy or
deserving of it. flji^Jt Jit j cs'jiji Jit ji; He (God) is entitled to be
regarded with fear and has the right to forgive (74:57). j^t tjilf
l^Ulj l# : They were better entitled to it and more worthy of it
(48:27). f IJl Jit : The author or authors of innovation. The
opposite of Js4^J is t^*'. j^* - : Domestic asses.

jl (1) A conjunction; (2) a particle which, when occurring in an
enunciative phrase, generally denotes doubt fjt jpm jt uLJ I jJtl
: they said, "We have tarrced a day or a part of a day(18:20) and
vagueness of meaning; ^ ^ J> j* Jl*J (►» $ jt Utj : Either
we or you are on right guidance or on manifest error. (34:25),
and when occurring in an imperative or a prohibitive phrase,
generally denotes the giving of option or choice, jt ^SU-llt ji"
<-»jAl : Eat thou the fish or drink thou the milk. It denotes
unrestricted conjunction. Jaiuil {J£* jt : Or if any one of

you comes from the privy (4:44). It also denotes transition and
division, t^jLii jt tSji ijijT: Be ye Jews or Christians (2:136). It
is used in the sense of til and ji and J»\ It is also used as a
conditional. It denotes division into parts as given above
(2:136). Briefly, it means: Or; and; unless or until; nay.

4^ [aor. ojjd] : He returned, fiat Jjl oT : He returned to his family
at night. J«*JSJl cJt : The sun set. J-Lll aJ) The people came to
him from every direction. *ilt J\ <~T\ : He returned to God from
his sins; he repented, (inf. nouns oty and oj' and 4*t*). $J S]
(i^tit : To Us is their return (88:26). <Jj' : He repeated the
praises of God. ajw^jI J£rU : O mountains, repeat the praises of
God with him (34:11). <Jj\ also means: He journeyed all the
day and alighted at night, or he journeyed by night, ojt :
Returning; a right way; a direction; a way or road. <1>\j\ :

44

S\ jT

Frequent in returning to God from one's sins; wont to repent;
turning from disobedience to obedience; a praiser of God. o'j^
One who reflects upon his sins in solitude and prays to God to
forgive them. £>\j\b\ : He was always turning to God (38:18),
(Ojj'j 1 and ^Ijl plural). CJ\ (jji'T plural): One who returns. 4^ :
Place to which one turns; fixed abode; the goal to which the
course of life ultimately leads one; the place where the sun sets;
home. oUJi jZJ- aJJIj : But it is Allah with Whom is an
excellent home (3:15). &\ ; Unto Him is my return (13:37).

^ji [aor. Sjlj] : It became bent. iT [aor. ijji]: It (the day) receded in
the evening; it (the evening) declined. J">&Ji oil : The shadows
returned and inclined towards the East. al : He pitied him.
fliT [aor. : It oppressed him by its weight; burdened him; it
(a thing or affair) oppressed or afflicted him. "j4 *i : And

their care does not burden Him (2:256).

JT [aor. J jjd] &\ JT : He returned or resorted to him or it. & JT : He
returned or reverted from it. & JT : He bore a relation to
him by kindred. *^iJ> JT : The thing decreased or became
defective or deficient. JT : The milk became thick, tfte & JT;
He escaped from such a one. JT [aor. Jjji] or Jjl [aor. Jjlj) also
means: He or it preceded; was beforehand, first or foremost. Jtj
is syn.; and from it according to sense is probably derived. JT
*4*j : He ruled or governed his subjects; presided over their
affairs. JT : He held authority over them; presided over
their affairs. aJU JT : He managed his property well. \jjJ\ jjt : He
explained, interpreted the dream. JJjtt (inf. noun): The
interpretation or explanation; meaning; telling the final result;
the end; issue, result or final sequel of thing. lsU I] JJjtf lia :
This is the result or fulfilment of my dream (12:101).
j~JUj ^S^-Sfl (JjjUj : And we do not know the interpretation of
confused dreams (12:45). aIU ^klj fa Jijti L_£J'i : This is the
explanation of that which thou wast not able to bear with
patience (18:83). aAjjU U) ojj^d J* : Do they wait for the
fulfilment (result) of warnings thereof (7:54) : Most

45

commendable in the end or as regards its result (4:60). iu^ij
<UjjU : And seeking its interpretation (3:8). JT : A man's Jil , a
family i.e. his relations; or kinsfolk; or nearest relations by
descent from the same father or ancestor; the people of his
house; his followers; his friends; those who bear a relation to
him as members to a head by religion or kindred. ^jJi JT : The
Holy Prophet's followers, whether relations or others, his
relations, whether followers or not; and his wives; jjt : First;
foremost, <u jsZ Jjt Si j : And be not the first to disbelieve
therein (2:42). jsf-Siij Jjtfi ji : He is the First and the Last (57:4).

flji and fljlj and at] : He said "ah" or "alas"; he moaned or uttered
prolonged voice of complaint. Sljl : A man often moaning or
one who says "alas" from a motive of affection or pity or
compassion and fear; a man sorrowing or mourning much;
compassionate; tender hearted; often praying; one who glorifies
God greatly or much; one inviting often to what is good; one
skilled in the law; a believer ^ Si jSf '^'j* h\ ■ Surely, Abraham
was most tender-hearted and forebearing. (9:14).

l£j\ [aor. <jj£ inf. noun Cj\ and : He betook himself to it or
repaired to it for refuge; he returned to it; he dwelt in it. JJ) <j jli
: I shall soon betake myself to a mountain (11:44). &\ ^jT
aw : He lodged his brother with himself (12:70). Jft** ft
<Jj\i : Did He not find thee an orphan and protect thee (93:7)
jiiAjij (iiijti : So He sheltered you and strengthened you (8:27).
U4-4jij : And We gave them refuge (23:51). *>jji jA\ *~^J :
And his kinsfolk who sheltered him (70:14). «jt : He gave him
lodging or refuge; harboured him; sheltered him; protected
him; lodged him with himself; made him his guest. i$jtf : A
place to which one repairs or betakes himself for refuge; a
refuge; an asylum; a place of resort; the abode or lodging place.

SijU : Whose abode is Hell (3:163). tfjUi c^- Uole : Near it
is the Garden of eternal abode (53:16).

(j\ & : He put or set up a sign, token or mark by which a person
or thing might be known. & : A vocative particle. J-Ii &j Jsi : O

46

Zaid, come, 4*5 & '• O my Lord. This particle is addressed to a
near or a distant thing. <s\ : A particle denoting a reply meaning
(yes or yea) ; importing acknowledgement of the truth of an
enunciation and the making a thing known to him who asks
information ; a promise to him who seeks or demands. <j\ Ji
°J(±3 : Say, yea, by my Lord (10:54). It always occurs before an
oath. aJJiJ is\ (Yea, by God). & is a noun used in five different
meanings, (a) It is used as an interrogative meaning "who",
"which" and "what". JSjsM : Who or which of them is thy
brother, h'&f. ^M*- <iU : Then in what announcement after
it will they believe (7:186). j£>Ji & : Which of the two
parties would preserve a better reckoning. (18:13). iJ&+&
jjjlfci : What turn their affairs shall take (26:228); (b) it denotes
a condition; &jt\ $\ : Whichever of them treats me with
honour, I will treat him with honour, clz* j^fSfl U# :
Whichever of the two terms I fulfil (28:29); iUitfi ijwb tJ#
Ji^Ji : By whichever name you call on Him, His are the most
beautiful names (17: 1 1 1) ; (c) It is also a conjunct noun i.e. it is
sometimes used in the manner of <stt\ and therefore requires a
complement. 4* {j**-*^ J* ^ j* p ■ Then shall

We certainly pick out, from every group, those of them who
were most stubborn in rebellion against the gracious God
(19:70). (d) it also denotes perfection; ^ & J4j &j : Zaid is a
man, what a man; (e) It also has ^prefixed to it; then it
denotes numerousness, being syn. with . o'jVlIi J> ti\ °J* ffij
Jf°/i\j : How many a Sign is there in the heavens and the earth
(12:106) if) It is also a connective of the vocative 1* with the
noun signifying the person called when this noun has the article
J i prefixed to it. >lUi <u'Q : O sorcerer (43:50). Jjj JjJJi igJ'Q
/lil : O thou to whom this exhortation has been sent down
(15:7). 'Js&\ l$Ll : O ye men of the caravan (12:71). j$ : When;
at what time. j$ : When they will be raised (16:22). : A
sign, token or mark by which a person or thing is known; a
message or communication sent from one person to another;
the body of a man; that which one sees from a distance; a

47

person or an individual; a whole company of people; ^j>-
p4~>M : The people came forth with their whole company i.e. all
of them, leaving nothing behind; a verse of the Holy Qur'an; a
portion of the Holy Qur'an denoting any statute or ordinance of
God; a chapter of the Holy Qur'an («jj^>) ; a sign as meaning a
miracle; a sign as meaning an indication; an evidence or a
proof; an example or a warning; olJT (plural). J*>)\ Two signs
(17:13). fUioljT ; Signs of Allah; wonders of Allah; Divine
miracles; warnings from Allah; commandments of Allah.

oiji : These are the verses of the Book that is full of
wisdom (10:2). JS^jI j-JLli : So that we might have followed
thy commandments (20:135). \°y% : Recite to them

Thy Signs (2:130). {£'JZ$ \l\ : They begin to plan against
Our Signs (10:22). dj^ji *$j ^ 4*^" : I n wnat word
then, after rejecting that of Allah and His Signs, will they
believe (45:7) £0 dj£> 1 : Do you build monuments

on every high place, seeking vain glory (26: 129). Ci^y, °Jt &
^tlU oIjT ajj^\j : Surely, in Joseph and his brethren there are
Signs for the inquirers (12:8). ajT °y> : Whatever Sign We

abrogate (2:107). The words aJT and oIjT have been used in the
Holy Qur'an in hundreds of places in different senses which
have been given above. Generally, the word ajI has been
translated as "Sign" which connotes a variety of meanings
given above and is used in the Holy Qur'an in those meanings.

bl According to some, it is a noun of vague signification, used
metonymically for a noun in the accusative case, with which
are connected all the affixed pronouns that denote the accus.
case: (thee), (him), (me) and U$ (us). 6}*^ :
But on Him alone will you call (6:42). : Thee alone do

we worship (1:5). pzfyj ^'jy j~ : We provide for them and for
you (17:32). j^jli u;C\ : Me alone should you fear (2:41).

Ub'i : It was not us that they worshipped (28:64). This
word is also used for the purpose of cautioning or putting one
on his guard. l^Sfl j : Beware thou of the lion.

48

b( is a vocative particle used in calling him who is near and him
who is distant. JJl &j bi : O Zaid come.

[aor. ijjd] : He helped him; he aided him; he strengthened him.
y>*i\ J± aojl : He helped him to accomplish the affair. IjU (inf
noun): Strength; help, aid. ^iafl ^j'y, sb\Ll : We helped or
strengthened him with the Spirit of holiness (2:254). ijjj lUij
ilij °y> SjJau : Allah strengthens with His aid whomsoever He
pleases (3:14).

t— [aor. JSoIj inf. noun ^] J^jSfi *_Soi : The trees called JsQi

became what is called a£i (singular of lJoI). j^iji : The
trees grew thick and formed a wood. ~&$\ : A collection of
numerous tangled or dense trees particularly of the kind called
ji-> or t-fijl

Jjj A name of God, a Hebrew or Syriac word: It is a dial. var. of Ji,
or the latter may be an arabicised form of the former. J^r is a
compound word made up of J^r which in Hebrew means a man
or a mighty man or a hero, and Jj) means God. The word J4)
occurs in several combinations as in JlJ^r and Jl£l» or J4|^?
and J4*bw) . In Arabic the word JJ: means : Mending a broken
thing; giving a poor man so liberally as to make him well off; a
brave man. also signifies "a servant". JjJ in addition to the
above mentioned derivation, may have been derived from the
word £Ui (God) or from the root JT , the active participle from
which is JiT meaning controller or Ruler. So Jj^> means a
servant of God; a strong and brave servant of God; a servant of
God who looks after the repairing or reformation of the
universe.

[aor ^ inf. noun UjI] cJl or \&rjj j* dJT : The woman became
bereft of her husband by his death or by his being slain and
remained unmarried. ^ (aor. ^ and inf. noun UJi) : The
man lost his wife and did not marry. (»T also means, the man lost
his wife or the woman lost her husband, p) (<^bi Plural) : A
woman having no husband whether she be a virgin or not or
whether she had married before or not. The word also means a

49

man having no wife. IjI also means : A free woman; a female
relation such as a sister, maternal aunt and so on. JaIjSM ' j^^'j:
And arrange marriages for widows from among you (24:33). $
: By God.

50

x ♦ ♦
♦

Ba

Numerical Value = 2

51

s-u The second letter of the alphabet. (1) It denotes adhesion in the
proper sense. ^JCLIp : Keep thou to Zaid. (2) It is also used
to make a verb transitive. w : God took away light
(2:21). (3) It also denotes the employing of a thing as an
instrument. *ii)b e-sf : He wrote with the pen. (4) It also denotes
a cause. aJAj UJ>-1 ^3 : We punished every one of them because
of his sin (29:41). (5) it is also used in the sense of i.e.
"with". Jdll \°p-i Alj : While they enter with disbelief (5:62).
LJ £LL> 3a*k\ £}4 : O Noah, descend then with peace from Us
(11:49). (6) It is also syn. with j> i.e. "in" jK>. ^ $'r& '■
And Allah had already helped you at Badr (3:124). c-UUf
Jj!«-Ub : I sat in the mosque. (7) It is also used in the sense of
"instead of" or "in place of". lAjJW JhUaJl »j^s-S>» ^JJl ui^iJjl :
These are they who have taken error instead of guidance (2: 17).
(8) It also denotes requital. Ci'JjJa^ U-> aJ^Jlljk-Sl : Enter
Paradise in return for that which you did (16:33). (9) It is also
syn. with as in <o jliis : Ask thou then concerning Him
one who knows (25:60). lJ^pU : What has beguiled

thee from thy Gracious Lord (82:7). (10) It is syn, with Jlp as in
jLyJj iwU jl : If thou give him charge over a dinar (3:76). (11) it
also denotes part of a whole. {jL>j)y. \j£JJ>\j : And wipe you a
part of your head (5:7). (12) It is also used to denote swearing.
fiJb : IswearbyGod.(13)Itisalsosyn.with^jasin^.5^'^j :
And He did a favour to me (12:101). (14) It is also redundantly
prefixed to the objective complement of a verb as in I jib *jj
a^Ji J\ (^jjJb : And cast not yourselves into ruin with your

own hands (2:196).
i t s 4

jb) [aor. inf. noun Ijb]: He dug or sank a well. jb : He
concealed the news. s-^iJl jb : He stored the thing for a time of
need. j^J' jb : He did good beforehand, : A well. :
And deserted wells (22:46). $ jij Ail s'^ 'Jo- He who
digs a well for his brother, himself falls into it.

j^ji [aor. inf. noun bib] and [aor. J-bJ inf. noun Ck> and C$
and blw£ and bijji and and (1) He was or became

53

strong and valiant in war or fight; (2) he was or became in a
state of distress or great want or poverty. J-UJl and l\~>\2\ are
both derived and are inf. noun from ^Jj and J~i. J-t?! : (1)
Might or strength in war or fight; (2) courage, valour and
prowess; (3) war or fight; (4) fear; (5) punishment or torment;
(6) harm or injury. iUCJi : (1) Distress; (2) poverty; (3)
hardship; (4) misfortune; (5) calamity; (6) war. <u J*tul and J-Ujl
: He was distressed by it or at it; he was grieved at it :
Vehement; mighty or strong in war or fight; courageous or
valiant. j*^> : A vehement or severe punishment (7:166).

: Distressed; one in a state of pressing want; one in a state
of trial or affliction; one who is crippled by disease or suffers
from a protracted disease. It is an epithet denoting pity. I
'JM\ Jjdl : And feed the distressed, the needy (22:29). jJ< :
Evil; bad; wicked. j»j£Jl J^j-^j : Evil is the likeness of the
people (62:6). j&y f£ h\ ^^h\ *i ^"y^. : Evil is that which
your faith enjoins on you if you are believers (2:94). ^-O*
: There is no fear for thee. J-UV : There is no harm in such a
thing. JjUi IsJiI : The fear became vehement. ajj^> JoU 4ls :
Wherein is violent warfare or material for war or fight (57:26).
jjji. : Possessed of great might in war (17:6). ^4-^

oJji. : Their fighting among themselves is severe (59:15). I* *W
tfC lliU : And Our punishment came upon it by night (7:5).
iTjJdlj £Ugi ,^11; : Poverty and affliction befell them (2:215).

j^-j J^aJlj (J jd^^lj : And the patient in poverty
and afflictions, and in time of war. (2:178). *&UJU ul#M
tljiaJlj : We seized their people with adversity and suffering
(7:95) .6jk* 0^ J~r^" ^ : So grieve not at what they have
been doing. (12:70).

[aor. inf. noun I^xj] : He cut or cut off; he cut off utterly or
entirely, t'ju or t'juS : He cut off his tail. jsj : He cut the ties
of his relationship. %\ : (1) Any beast having the tail cut off; (2)
a short tailed serpent; (3) in want, or poor; (4) defective,
deficient, imperfect; (5) suffering loss; (6) one from whom all
good or prosperity is cut off; (7) having no offspring or having

54

no male issue. j* 5j : It is thy enemy who shall be

without issue (108:4).

£sj [aor. lJ^Ij and inf. noun I^sj] : He cut it or cut it

entirely or from its root; he plucked it out. ^U^i :
And they will cut the ears of cattle (4: 120).

J^J [aor. Jsli or inf. noun , as also &4 : He cut it off; he

separated it. : He was or became alone. fUl JsJ (inf. noun
J^J) and ji (inf. noun J^J) : He detached himself from worldly
things and devoted himself to God; he devoted himself to God
exclusively and was sincere to Him; he abstained from sexual
intercourse. ?SU*Jl J\ j^J : He applied himself to worship
exclusively. ji; : Devote thyself exclusively or with full

devotion to Him (73:9). Jjsj : A shoot of a palm tree, cut off
from its mothertree, and independent thereof; a virgin; a
woman that withholds herself from men; a woman detached
from worldly things and wholly devoted to God.

Cj [aor. dJ and dJ inf. noun &] <uh : He spread it; he dispersed it,
scattered it or disseminated it. jSUi J> 'J?^ d4 : The Amir
spread the army in the provinces. Je°/i\ J> jLfcJl iftl dJ : God
spread or dispersed mankind in the earth. VLSj i^Wj U^? ^ :
From them twain He spread many men and women (4:2). dJ
dJo^Jl : He spread or published the information. <Lj (inf. noun):
Scattered, strewn and separate one from another; not well
packed; a state or condition; grief or sorrow which one makes
known to his friend; intense grief or sorrow; violent or severe
disease; d-i] : It spread; it became dispersed. ajjV ^'jjj : And
fine carpets spread (88:17). ajjV also means many in number.
Jji ,J\ t^j*-j J* \ °JLs>\ list : I only complain of my sorrow and my
grief to Allah (12:87). %d IX* cit& : They shall become like
scattered dust particles. (56:7).

[aor. J^-rf and J~*d> inf. noun lI^j] >U)1 : He opened a way
or passage for the water to flow; he made the water to flow.
Syn. with or or SiA. *UJl : The water flowed, it

55

had a way or opened for it a way to flow; it poured forth.
L» d— ^t-ili : So from it there gushed forth (7:161).

C^u [aor. dAIj inf. noun &J\ : He dug up or scraped up

the earth. 'x»i> ; He scraped it up and he searched for it in the
dust or earth. j>yi\ J> <L*j : He dug up the earth. <& : He
inquired into it; investigated or examined it. J> dJtZ : It
scratched in the ground (5:32). &i> (Inf. noun): Investigation;
search; a mine in which one searches for gold, d^l* : A place
and a time of scraping up or digging or scratching, inquiring or
examining. d^-G (plural)

j^i [aor. 'j^j inf. noun : (1) He slit or cut lengthwise; he split
or clave and enlarged; (2) it was or became wide or spacious.
Lgjil : He slit the (goat's) ear lengthwise, widely. : He
embarked upon the sea; it (the water) was or became salt.

J> : He went deep into knowledge and enlarged himself
wide as the sea. (inf. noun): A sea; a great river; a spacious
place comprising a large quantity of water; a large quantity of
water; Cont. of j, ; salt; a swift and excellent horse; a generous
man who takes a wide range in his bounty; land of seed
produce and fruitfulness; fungus uteri and and ]\*->
plural), is : Relating to the sea; a sailor. h^'yA '■ The crisis of
a disease. j^S\j p\ J> SlliJl : Corruption has appeared on
land and on sea (30:42). o'j^ 1 <£ f^t ^ : The two seas cannot be
equal (35:13). jUJi lijj : And when the rivers are made to
flow (82:4). jAj! IjLU ajij ^ ai^ : With seven oceans swelling it
thereafter (31:28). : A she-camel or goat which the Arabs
let loose to feed after slitting its ears. Such camels or goats
were dedicated to God and their milk was not used nor their
back.

j-^u [aor. J^vj inf. noun J^j] Wo : He diminished it; he lessened
it; he made it deficient or defective; he wronged him; acted
wrongfully or unjustly towards him. Wo : He diminished to
him his rights; he defrauded or deprived him of his right. :
Deficient; defective; paltry or small; unjust. jAdl \jl*Zs*ij

56

{ f £iXJ>\ : And diminish not unto people their things (7:86). (Jij
Oj-^i Igli : And they shall not be wronged therein (11:16).
They say Jaki> Slj & : There is no deficiency in it, nor

excess. j^j »j'j$>j : And they sold (or bought) him for a
paltry or unjust price (12:21). tf*j Slj LlJu 3\k> S\i : He has no
fear of loss or injustice (72:14).

£s*s-> [aor. ^4 inf. noun AALlii ^Aj : He slaughtered the beast
with extraordinary effectiveness so that he reached the back of
the neck. £fu therefore, means doing a thing with extraordinary
effectiveness, ilii g*j ; He killed himself with grief. i~a> 'A ^> :

He acted sincerely towards him. > SLl^j ^-G ^SJjds : May be thou

wilt kill thyself with grief. (18:7).

Jf>J [aor. Ja£ inf. noun ">Uj and ]M aor. inf. noun *>Uj] : He
was or became niggardly, stingy or avaricious, J^j : He was
or became niggardly of such a thing. Ls- : He withheld with
niggardliness from him. : He was niggardly. J>4 :
Niggardliness, stinginess or avarice: Cont. of fj> and iyr
(generosity). Ijku : They became niggardly of it (9:76). J^i^
<ujij ^t- J*^ UjU : Who is niggardly, is niggardly against his own
soul (47:39). J-tJl jjyli : They enjoin on people stinginess
(4:38).

f" * . «.

I [aor. IIj inf. noun 1^] <o iJLI or <u l-is*} : He began with it; he made
it to be first; he gave precedence to it. £^iJ< : It (a thing)
began; originated; or came into existence for the first time. \&
ji?Ji or \&\ : He (God) began or originated the creation. l&
and SUJl and l^ul : He did the thing first originally not after the
example of anything preceding. jUJi XlJi j\ \& : God began or
originated the creation. jJ\ \X> : He dug the well for the first
time. \'A = i.e. he fell sick. *JJt Jj^j ^Jj i>JJl f j2' cs? : I n tne
days in which the Prophet of God fell sick. pf-*j>U : So he
began with their sacks (12:77). SJ^ ^ j^aIi »J£ till : Allah
originates the creation, then reproduces it (30:12). iS-^i j*
i4^4j : Surely, He creates first and reproduces it (85:14). ji-i
\j> J j» ^ji^ : They attacked you first (9:13).

57

j^-> [aor. jlrf inf. noun j^j] j^j : (1) It (the moon) became full; (2) (a
boy) became full grown; (3) it (fruit) attained to maturity; (4) it
rose like the full moon. fljiU : He hastened or made haste to be
first or beforehand in doing it. 'JS jiU and JU °J> jJu\ :
He hastened to be before the orphans attaining to full age in
expending his money. ^1 JU jii °J> jid £Ste : Such a one
hastens in consuming the property of the orphan before the
latter is of full age. ijjSUJ : They vied with one another to be
first or beforehand. Ij^ojIljlAj : Hastening before their
attaining to full age in expending their property (4:7). jAj : (1)
Full moon; the moon in its fourteenth night. C/jti plural); (2) a
lord; master or chief of a people; (3) a boy full of youthful
vigour and of flesh; (4) a cover; (5) a dish or a plate; (6) the
name of a place on the route between Mecca and Medina. It
takes its name from a spring which belonged to a man of this
name. The Battle of Badr (2. A.H.) took place near this place.
jj£ iili Allah did help you at Badr (3: 124).

[aor. inf. noun or i^iil : He originated

the thing; he invented it; devised it. innovated it; produced it or
brought it into existence for the first time, it not having existed
before and not after the similitude of anything pre-existing.
J^r^Ji : The man introduced an innovation. = **&\ and ^^4]
are syn. _^UJi : The poet produced a new poetry.
\a°j*'Xu\ : And monasticism which they innovated (57:28). :
When used about God, means originating a thing without any
tool or instrument or pattern and without matter, ja l£l< ciT U
J-^yi : I am not the first of the Messengers (46:10). °J> £Aj
y?i\ \Xa ; Such a one is the first person to do this thing. : (1)
First; (2) superlative in his kind in anything; (3) a man liberal in
disposition; (4) a full body. ^ and £l< are syn.: (1) New;
wonderful; unknown before. ^Lu /bci? : I did a new or
wonderful thing, a thing unknown before; (2) fat. ^JJl : One of
the names of God. j^jSflj ojiJJi ^Lb : He (Allah) is the Creator
of the heavens and the earth not after the similitude of anything
pre-existing; Allah is the Originator of the heavens and the

58

earth (2:118). : An innovation; a novelty or innovation in
religion; an opinion deviating from the right way.

Jjj [aor. Ji£ inf. noun VXt] i^iil or i^iil J&l or JAj : It
changed the thing; changed the form, or quality or condition of
it. JJ.LJ (inf. noun, of JAj) signifies the changing of the form or
quality or condition of a thing to another form etc, while the
substance remains the same or the changing of a thing without
substitution. The Arabs, however, have also used it in the sense
of Ji^j which signifies the changing of a thing by substitution;
exchanging it; replacing it with another thing. JJL* (Act. par.).
\j£*> AJaJ : He gave him in exchange for it such a thing. Jils-1>]
^iib or aJIS : He took a thing in exchange for the thing. J.ilxl>l
tjju i^lii : He took the thing in place of another. J^j and Ji>
and JjJj all signify the same meaning, (1) substitute; a thing
given or received or done in place of another thing; a
compensation. J^j (J'^jI plural) also means a noble and
generous man. t^ili or J- ■ The substitute for a
thing. ij^> jJu tul?- J1j p : Afterward has changed evil for good
(27: 12). \'}k 41)1 iiii \°JX> jiiii : Who changed Allah's favour into
ingratitude (14:29). SCj^j i)JAj Uj : And they have not altered in
the least (33:24). U*o : So we desired that their

Lord should give them in exchange (18:82). Jial ji t^JJl jjJj^uLjt
}a c£jJb : Would you take in exchange that which is inferior
for that which is superior (2:62)? H'£ ^t&J J«ij : Evil is the
exchange for the wrongdoers (18:51). Jji cJU& JJjilW : There is
no changing the words of Allah (10:65). *JJi cJUSO JJl* V : None
can change the words of Allah (6:35). jr jj ^jj Jl-i^il
: If you desire to take one wife in place of another wife (4:21).

[aor. jlld inf. noun and j& and aor. inf. noun Ui^and
Aj'^j] : He or she became big bodied or corpulent. 5^ : Body
without head and arms and legs; body without soul; the whole
of the (S^ 1 plural); limb or limbs of a slaughtered camel;
an old man; an old mountain goat. plural): A she-camel

brought to Mecca for sacrifice. It is also applied to a cow or a

59

bull. l-Soo-j ^S^»Lii : So today We will save thee in thy body
(10:93). *ti\J&> ' $ \A\&r jJdlj : And the camels We have
made them among the Signs of Allah (22:37).

jJj or \X» [aor. jJL£ inf. noun lj& and I jXJ and and 5 l& : It
appeared; it became apparent, plain or manifest. ^ & : It
occurred to him respecting the affair. \& : The people went
to the desert; or a land in which there are no towns or villages
or cultivated soil. : He made it apparent, manifest or plain;
he showed, evinced or revealed it. or jAJi or : A
desert, sjiij is the contrary of a^Ua?- which means life in towns,
ilj : (1) Apparent, open, plain or evident; (2) a man going forth
to the desert, living in the desert plural). j& Jil : People
of the desert or dwellers of the desert. : Which is made

up of and <sfy\ , the word <jsti has two possible derivations.
It may be derived from \& which means, he began, or it may be
derived from \X> [aor. jili] which means, it appeared. According
to these two roots, the word ^ would mean: (1) That which
begins or who is first; (2) that who appears. So the expression
J\ f J\ ijst would mean: (1) At first thought; (2) according to the
appearance of opinion which may mean either insincerely or
inconsiderately. cSj^j j\ : Relative noun from jX> meaning a
dweller of the desert; an Arab of the desert, s.l&>2\ cjX> ol
*f»tji' : Indeed hatred has shown itself or has appeared from
their utterances (3:119). *< <j>0 <jl : She would have
disclosed the secret (28: 11). jjij U piij : And I know what you
reveal (2:34). jjUi ifcj : And brought you from the desert
(12:101). iCJ'j & D : Equal therein are the dwellers or
visitors from the desert (22:26). J*J\ 6& ufitj* r*- Wno to a11
outward appearance are the meanest of us (11:28). j> jjiW jJ
<-»l^'5n : They would wish to be among the nomad Arabs in the
desert (33:21). *Lu« ^ ^ : What Allah was going to bring to
light (33:38). <s# (act. part.).

jjj [aor. j& inf. noun. jAj] : (1) He sowed seed; (2) he scattered
seed upon the ground; (3) he scattered or dispersed a thing. jAj

60

(Inf. noun y\&) is the intensive form. jl^Ji iAJl^ : Allah
scattered mankind. J^jSlt oyj : The land put forth its herbage,
jij (aor.jilj) : He divulged what was secret. jX» : He was
extravagant in expenditure; he squandered or dissipated wealth
by extravagant spending and wasted it; he expended his wealth
so lavishly as not to leave of it whereby he might subsist; he
spent or dissipated his wealth in a way that was not right or in
acts of disobedience. *yj£ denotes excess in respect of the right
objects of expenditure which is ignorance of the right manner
and of things that should prevent it; and JJIj^l denotes excess
with respect to quantity and is ignorance of the values or the
right objects. (act. part.): One who dissipates his wealth;

(plural). j^t-SJl 6 ( j^} 0^ C?S-h^ s h\ s *yJ& j& % '■ And
squander not thy wealth extravagantly, verily, the extravagant
are brothers of satans (17:27,28). yxs : Squandering or
dissipating of wealth or property in a way that is not right.

ji [aor. £ inf. noun.^] : He was pious; he was good, just,
righteous or honest; he was extensively good or beneficent; he
was true in his saying. *L*y : His work was good. '^-y '■ His
pilgrimage was sincerely performed. : God accepted

his pilgrimage, jjj^^" : Pilgrimage performed sincerely or
accepted by God. &\y : He obeyed God. jl °J> y : He spoke
truthfully. <u!»j °J> y : He is true in his oath. *s&)y. jt kstyj y : He
obeyed his mother, or was kind or loving towards her. y : (1) A
favour; (2) goodness; (3) obedience; (4) righteousness; (5)
truthfulness; (6) piety; (7) large or extensive goodness or
beneficence; (8) the heart or the mind; (9) gentle behaviour and
regard for others. )Jl j* : His heart is at rest, y and jlj: (1)
Pious; (2) good; (3) just; (4) righteous or honest; (5) highly
righteous person Qy\ plural); (6) land opposed to water; (7)
place where one is exposed to view; (8) a desert; (9) a waste; a
wide tract of land; elevated ground open to view; (10) it is also
one of the attributive names of God. \ya~Jbj ^j^-J <5> : That
you be kind to them and behave justly towards them (60:9). \yj
jti&'y : And kind or obedient to my mother (19:33). ^it J> U
61

y*2\j : And He knows what is in the land and the sea (6:60). 'a\
: He is the Benign, the Merciful (52:29). jl^l^uljjj :
And in death Thou include us among the righteous (3 : 194).
fljjj (plural of y and jU) : Noble, virtuous (80:17). y : Wheat; a
grain of wheat. ^Jl I jiUji : You shall not attain to righteousness
(3:93). The Holy Prophet is reported to have said: JlJaJb

J\ : Keep to truth, for it guides to good or a right

state, tjy : Belonging to land; living in the desert. ~4y Je'j :
Uncultivated land; land without green, plant or water.

iSy. [aor. \'J& inf. noun. 5 l\y\ : He was or became clear or free from a
thing or became rid of it; he was or became immune, exempt,
secure or free. je'yA^ j* tSy : He became free from the disease;
he became convalescent; or he recovered his health but not
completely, <J y '■ The wound healed. yH\ j* <sy and jy
[aor. \'J& and \'JS] : He was free from the thing or quit or rid
thereof; he was guiltless of it and was not responsible for it. usy
c/t ■ He became clear of debt or exempt from it; he was not
responsible for its payment. <s y also means: He asserted or
declared himself to be clear or quit or was not responsible; he
kept aloof or shunned or avoided. jUJi iJJl \y [aor. \'J& inf. noun.
\y\ : God created mankind after no model or similitude. The
primary meaning of the root iy is to denote a thing becoming
clear or free of or from another thing; either by being released
therefrom or by production. i«JJi ijji \y : God created or
produced man. ji & : Before We create it or bring it

into being (57:23). i^y being inf. noun, from <sy besides
possessing all the meanings derived from this root, particularly
means: A declaration of granting or conferring or announcing
immunity or exemption or absolution from a fault or
responsibility; freedom from blame; exemption or absolution
from a demand etc. <>Jj^jj fUi 'J» t tSy : This is a declaration of
absolution on the part of God and His Messenger from all
obligation. (9:1) ^ji\ l y>i\y\ or cJ*^ est &y '■ He made him,
pronounced or held him to be free from fault or defect. £Ui ai^-j
: But Allah cleared him of what they spoke of him

62

(33:70). lg~& \j> : I do not hold myself to be free from
weakness (12:54). *s£i\ <sy\ :l shall heal the night-blind (3:50).
h* '\*fj : He disowned him; he declared to have no connection
with him; he dissociated himself from him. lj*Jl jdJJl *\ '•
When those who were followed shall disown (2:167). Ui^J:
We dissociate ourselves from them and turn to Thee (28:64).
tij'jj (b£j>. plural): Not responsible; rid; free, remote, exempt or
immune; having no connection with; pure in heart; sound in
body and intellect. j*C jJLiii 'Ja ttjy iUi : Allah is clear of or has
no connection with, the idolaters (9:3). i<jy : I have
nothing to do with you (8:49). \4j> <u ^y p : Then he imputes it
to an innocent person (or person free from blame) (4:113). is y.
is syn. with t\y. oj^Aj t\y : I have nothing to do with you
or I disown that what you do (43:27). <5j4 y or i\y is the plural
of lis y . \jiy Ui : We have nothing to do with you (60:5).
<5jJja> it* 5j (6j tys* is plural of ty^>) : They are innocent of all
that their calumniators say (24:27). "4.^ '■ The creation or
particularly mankind. 'Jjf- : They are the best of

creatures (98:8). <s£ (act. par.) : Maker; the Creator i.e. He
who has created the things that are created, not after any model;
fashioner. usjd\ jJiAji ijjiji : He is Allah, the Creator, the Maker
(59:25).

£j-> [aor. inf. noun ^y\ : It was or became apparent, manifest
or conspicuous and elevated or high. y. '■ His eye was

beautiful or shining. e'y>\ ^y : His state or condition became
ample in respect of eating and drinking. c-^J : The
woman displayed her finery or ornaments and beauty of person
or form or countenance to men or strangers; she showed her
face or she showed the beauty of the neck or face. ^^r^> :
Women showing or displaying their ornaments, finery, face etc.
to men or strangers (24:61). : Showing-off or displaying
the beauty of person or ornaments (33:34). £)j(plural £jy and
£ijji) : A tower; a fortress; a chamber built upon the sides of a
fortress or palace; a sign of the Zodiac. : Mansions (i.e.
courses or stages) of the moon or the stars; or asterisms or

63

constellations. °J>, f&j^j : Even if you be in

strongly-built towers (4:79). ^r°/J> «-LLlii j> : We have made
mansions of stars in heavens (15:17). oli ^li-lJlj : By the
heaven, having mansions of stars (85:2). : He built a tower.

£ ji [aor. inf. noun l^] : Syn. with Jlj . They say J^j ^ U
<ui& : He did not quit his place. lJ&'a J*3i £}*i *i : I will not cease
or I will continue to do that. 'J~&\s- °J> : We shall not

cease to worship it or we shall continue to worship it (20:92).

: Preceding or last night; yesterday night. a^-jUJl isjtj : I
saw him last night.

ijj [aor. s'Jj inf. noun. iy. and a^ aor. s'J& inf. noun. 5a j'J\ : It was
or became cold, chill or cool; its heat became allayed, iy, also
means; he died; it was or became still, quiet or motionless; he
slept; it became permanent or fixed; it became incumbent or
obligatory; he was or became weak or languid from leanness or
disease; it (a sword) became blunt. i°J> and "ei'/J, : Cold; chill;
cool; coldness; chilliness; coolness; pleasantness; enjoyment;
ease; comfort; sleep. a)2i a^Ji : The hail prevented sleep, ly:.
Hail; frozen rain. ¥J> : A kind of garment (£l~*T) wrapped round
the body. AjG : Cold; chill; cool; anything loved or liked.
AjU: A pleasant life. AjU ^°ji^> : A hot wind that is continuous. £
U^Uj ^jS" jU : O fire, be thou a means of coolness and safety
(21:70). a^j °jA Lglj JC^- °{ja $.X»»lJi jr? : Clouds like mountains
wherein is hail (24:44). ^j^T AjU Si : Neither cool nor of any
good (56:45).

jj-> [aor. yjj inf. noun, jj^j] : He came forth or went out; he went
out into the field; he went out into the open to the field to
satisfy a want of nature; it was or became prominent or
projecting; he appeared after concealment. : He made it
manifest; he showed or manifested it. fjuil J> : He surpassed
his fellows in knowledge. <~>°^ J> sjjlJ (inf. noun 5jj£») : He
went out to fight him. jl^Jl J\ ^> : He went out to satisfy a
want of nature. jjIj (act. par) and ajjIj (feminine) and <5jjj^
(plural). \Z^r aJU ijj^: They shall all appear before Allah (14:22).

64

o)Jt?J \jYjj : When they issued forth to fight Jalut (2:251). CJjy
^jUIJ '^*py^ : The Hell shall be made manifest (or opened) for
those who have gone astray (26:92). (•■* ? j* : The day when
they will all come forth (40:17). ajjU Ji?j5fl fry'$ : And thou wilt
see nations of the earth march forth (18:48).

tJ)J*- (1) A thing that intervenes between any two things, or a bar, an
obstruction, or a thing that separates two things; (2) the interval
between the present life and that which is to come from the
period of death to resurrection; (3) the period or state from the
day of death to the day of resurrection, ^i-^ £j°y :
Between them is a barrier; they encroach not one upon the
other (55 : 21). <5j**s! f y. J\ (Hi 'jJ '■ And behind them is a
barrier until the day when they shall be raised again (23:101).

jfi y, [aor. ^p'J& inf. noun L*y\ : He was or became affected with
leprosy. ^y : Generally known as leprosy; a whiteness which
appears upon the exterior of the body by reason of a corrupt
state of constitution; a whiteness incident in the skin. Jfiy\ :
Leprous, or having the disease called J* > t\^>°y : Land bare
of herbage. iH>°y : A serpent having in its skin white spots
distinct from the general colour.

ijy, [aor. j^j inf. noun. fry and S&yl : It (a sword) shone, gleamed
or glistened; it (a cloud) gleamed or shone with lightning, fry
(j&il : The lightning appeared. fry j : He threatened and
frightened. <j y [aor. Jj^t inf. noun, fry\ : He feared so that he
was astonished at seeing the gleam of lightning. ' t aS\ <j y : The
eye or eyes became dazzled so as not to close or move the lids.
i'j^u fry : His eyes became weak. ^aS\ fry : The eyes became
raised or fixedly open. <J y also means, he was afraid or he
became confounded or perplexed and was unable to see his
right course. &°y : Lightning (fr/y plural), fry : Confusion; fear;
lamb, frjy JJrj : A cowardly man. fryj oUlt> & ; Wherein
are thick darkness and thunder and lightning. (2:20) 3y lili
'yo2\: When the eye is dazzled (75:8). &y\ (jdj^ plural) : An
ewer such as is used for wine or water having a long and

65

3y. ^y.

slender spout and a handle; a vessel having a spout and a
handle; a water jug; a beautiful woman; a woman who shows
her beauty intentionally. J-tj^j ^jfa : With goblets and ewers
(56:19). : Thick silk brocade; silk brocade interwoven

with gold; thick silk. (sj^>\ j* l^lki : Its linings will be of thick
brocade (55:55). sfi°ji££ : An eye black in the iris with
whiteness of the bulb.

t_ f jj [aor. inf. noun &j'J and ^Jj] 'Jt£\ ^y : (1) The camel
lay down, or kneeled down upon his breast; (2) JU21J ^Sy : He
was or became firm, steady or steadfast for fighting; (3) it was
or became long or protracted. : He applied himself

constantly to it. : He prayed for the man that he may

be blessed. l_£J} ilil lJjU : May God bless thee in

everything around and about you. s-W^ 1 J^wlujlj : God
perpetuated for the Prophets the eminence, honour and dignity
which he bestowed upon them. J*Ai Jlp Ojli : O God,
perpetuate for Muhammad the eminence, honour, dignity etc.
which Thou has bestowed upon him. L_Ci : May thou be
blessed. : He augured good from the thing or

man. aJJ1 JTjUJ (from : Hallowed, exalted or extolled by

God; Allah exceeds every thing and is above everything in His
attributes; Allah is everlasting. ~&y {^y. plural): (1) Increase;
accession; abundance or plenty; (2) firmness, stability
perpetuity coupled with increase; (3) abundant and perpetual
good; (4) generally divine blessing; (5) God's superiority over
every thing. "*£"y : A camel's kneeling and lying down upon the
breast; a pond; a place where water collects; a tank. OjUi
(JSjUi feminine) : blessed or made to possess *£y . l$J uTjU^Ji :
Which We blessed (7:138). JU^l Jlpj <uU u*>: : We blessed
him and Isaak (37: 1 14). jLli J> °y* : Blessed is he who is in
the fire (27 : 9). £Jtfil : Blessed or hallowed is

Allah, the Lord of all the worlds (7:55). : Blessings

on thee (11:49) Jijd^illa: This is a blessed Reminder
(21:51). ¥jd>*ti^ : In ablessed Night (44:4).

66

^ y. [aor. ^y>„ inf. noun U^j] JIAii fy : He made the rope of two
distinct yarns and then twisted it. y^ fy\ (f$l inf. noun.): (1)
He settled or arranged the affair soundly or thoroughly; (2) he
thought or meditated upon it looking to its end; he performed it
with thought or consideration (3) he made a compact firm, f JJ»
(plural Ci°y JS) : Active participle from fy\ meaning one who is
firm or determined to do a thing; one who arranges or settles an
affair soundly or thoroughly, jji^i Uli n : Are they
determined upon a course, then We too are determined (43:70).
^ JJ> £ui : An inevitable decree; an unalterable decision.

jAj-J [aor. inf. noun \i\*y\ <J j i^iJl jky : He adduced or
established the evidence or argument against him or for him.
^\Ay, {&a\'J> plural): An evidence, an argument, a proof;
manifestation of an evidence or proof; a decisive and manifest
evidence or proof; a proof or evidence which necessarily
implies truth. j»y : He adduced an argument or evidence.

^ j-> [aor. £JIj inf. noun. \*y and ^jy] J~*-iJi c-*jj : The sun began to
rise as though it clove the darkness with its light; it rose with
spreading light. The primary meaning of ^jy is the beginning
to come forth, said of a tusk or tooth, because it cleaves the
flesh and comes forth, ^y : He made his blood flow, £jU yS
ipjU JJjz jl : The rising moon or the rising sun. (plural
and 'J£$). J^-iil lj vXH : And when he saw the sun
with spreading light (6:79).

* ' i y, j , ' ' » ,

j*j [aor. j-J inf. noun jh] : He broke it, crumbled it. J^i :
He drove the camels gently. i%Jl ^ JUJi JJ : He sent the money
in the towns and distributed and divided it. u!j Jl^Ji cJJ : The
mountains shall be crumbled with a vehement crumbling like
flour and become earth or be levelled or reduced to powder and
scattered in the wind; the mountains shall be completely
shattered. (56:6)

j~H [aor. 'j^t inf. noun. and Ijj-h] : He frowned; he contracted
his face; he grinned, ^rj : He frowned or he contracted his

67

face excessively, or he looked with intense dislike or hatred.

: He was quick or before the proper time in doing or
seeking a thing. I'^s^yV^ : Faces on that day shall be
frowning or excessively contracted; shall be dismal. (75:25)

Ja—J [aor. Js-l£ inf. noun. JaJJ] aL-J : He spread it, expanded or
extended it. a^j Q\ Ja~J : He stretched forth or extended his hand
towards me. all* 't& ,k~J : He was made to have dominion over
him by absolute force and power. s-Ltii I J> .k-J : He
expanded his hands in supplication, <jj^i &\ Ja~J : God
multiplies or enlarges or makes abundant the means of
subsistence. : He accepted the excuse, ^"j Ja— -j] : His

face became cheerful. Ja~>lj (dj^^. plural): Act. part meaning,
one who stretches or enlarges or amplifies. \kl~> : A thing that
is spread or expanded; a carpet; a bed. : Ample. They say
Zk~>j -kL-J j> jk» : We are in an ample and plentiful state. :
Wide; spacious. J»x2\ \al~> ji : He is a liberal or a bountiful
person. ^}Jl JaLJ}*. : He is of cheerful countenance. *LlJ :
Width or ampleness; length or height; increase, excess; height
or tallness; perfection or excellence or completeness. aLaj and
AkJLj are syn. aJs-aj jUJi J> (Piijj : And He increased you
abundantly in constitution (7:70). j^rJij ^ J> aklJ mIj : He
(God) has increased him greatly in knowledge and body (2 :
248). Aklj aijii : A woman beautiful and sleek in body, ij-lli is
syn. with . &\ VyL^ : A liberal person. Jsfc>j-!4* ^ : But
both His hands are wide open (5:65). ^ J*£ : He

(God) has made the earth for you a wide expanse. (71:20)
^kLj Q\ cJa-4 : If thou stretch out thy hand against me to
kill me (5 : 29). *&>Uilj : And the angels stretch

forth their hands (6 : 94). jpl i^l aJl : Surely, Allah
enlarges the provision (28 : 83). jj^i w Ja_n °Jj : And if Allah
should enlarge the provision (42:28).

Jj~*J [aor. inf. noun, <jj-h] J^Ji J~h : The palm-trees were or
became tall or exceedingly tall and full-grown, or they bore
fruit. (i^lU j-J : He overcame them, excelled them or was

68

superior to them. ^l < " <- ] : He became exalted above them in
fame or renown. <uJU j^J ; He excelled in his knowledge or
learned the whole of it. J~wJi cJ~j : The sun rose. J->U (act.
par.) and 3i->lj (fern.). ILjGaIA; : An exceedingly tall palm-tree; a
palmtree bearing fruit. (plural). ^^>^>. J^'j : And tall

palmtrees (50 : 11). : A cloud of a clear white colour; a
calamity. jSU'ili j^G : A person endowed with noble moral or
mental qualities.

J-li [aor. J-lrf inf. noun. J-li] J^Ji J~h : The man frowned on
account of anger or because he was courageous. j?r^
He prevented me from accomplishing my want. J-1j [aor. J-lrf] :
He was or became courageous in fight. I-I&aLJi : (1) He
pledged him or it for such a thing; he gave him or it in
exchange for such a thing; (2) he gave him up or consigned
him to destruction. Oj^J LJj JJJl : He subjected himself to
death and felt sure of it. 2Jl1j : (1) Courage, bravery; (2) dislike.
J->U : Brave; courageous; frowning. J->^^ : vehemently
frowning. J~ii J~~J : Lest a soul be consigned to perdition
(6:71). Uj IjL^I jdJJl ^-^J 1 : They are those who have been
delivered over to destruction for their actions (6:71).

[aor. inf. noun. ^] ^ and ^sj\ and : He smiled.
These verbs signify less than ±S*yi> (he laughed), is the
beginning of t_&*-i> (laughter). l$Jj3 & 1&>-U> | ^ai : Thereupon
he smiled, laughing at her words (27:20).

j-ij [aor. 'jZA inf. noun, ^-ij] jUbtJi jJJ : He pared the skin removing
its Sj-ij i.e. face or surface or the skin upon which the hair
grew. : I removed from the hide its ij^> i.e. outer part

of the skin. $\'_f£\ 'j-A : The swarm of locusts ate altogether
what was upon the surface of the earth and thus laid it bare.

terji °Jtj^> : He met me with a cheerful countenance. j-iJ
and and : He became changed in his
(complexion) by the announcement of an event; he rejoiced or
became glad. *°Jj*->. j-*4t : He rejoiced at the news of a new-born
child, flj-ij (inf. noun y~£>) and SjJJl and s'j2Z?l»\ : He announced

69

to him an event which produced a change in his
(complexion). SSUi oj-iJl : The she-camel became pregnant. The
word has come to be used in connection with good or happy
news. But it can also be and is sometime used in connection
with bad news. So means he gave him a good news or a
bad news. si^Jl j-iU : He lay with her skin to skin. He went in
unto her. S^Ci (inf. noun). : Enjoyment attended him,

as though it clove to his skin. y>*i\ He managed the affair
himself. ^ : Cheerfulness of countenance, : Mankind; the
human being; applied to the male and the female, singular, dual
or plural. *j£> j* and *j£> ^ and *j£> ^* and ^ Ui and ^ 5* are
all used. ji-Ji jil : The father of mankind, i.e. Adam. 5jJ^ (Syn.
^-ij) : The exterior of the skin of the head in which grows the
hair, or the upper skin of the head and of the face and body of a
human being upon which the hair grows. ajUj : News,
generally good news which changes the complexion of the face
of a person. and ajUo and SjUJ are subs, from and
oijuJ (plural). «jUj : Beauty and comeliness of the face;
elegance of form or features. i.e. (plural ilj-ij and ^4)
: One who announces good or bad news, but mostly good news.
The plural of ^4** is <5jj4^ and of (fern, of is •
^lij also means, goodly; beautiful; elegant in form or features.
SjliJ (plural : A beautiful woman; a she-camel of good

breed. ^_fu}-ij (_}Jil : They said, we have indeed given you
the glad tidings (15:56). ^S) old* : So announce to him a
painful punishment (31:8). ^t/ Jr'\j ~(j**^>, : So give him the
glad tidings of forgiveness and a noble reward (36:12). j~J lilj
%r^- ^ %y* & f J^ 1 Cr! ^/A - J* J : And

when to one of them is conveyed the tidings of the birth of
female, his face darkens with grief. He hides himself from the
people because of the bad news he has had (16:59,60). j*Jti
jaj'j~>\j : So you may now go in unto them (2: 188). ^j'j^uJ ^aj :
And they rejoice (9:124). |iiJsS Ui Uji Ji : Say, I am only a
man like you (18:111). jijBS^-tjJ : It scorches the face (74:30).
LSybl 4j ibrj : And the glad tidings came to him (1 1:75). Ail

70

^Jjj^liJ^ : So a bearer of glad tidings and a warner has
indeed come to you (5:20). ^U^Jl JJjl : Who sends the
winds as glad tidings (25:49). oofwj ,y„j~~* 'cj*^ s *^ '■ So
Allah raised Prophets as bearers of good tidings and as warners
(2:214). • ^ e sen ds tne winds as bearers of

glad tiding (30:47). Sj-^-U ijLU te'J, a^j : On that day some
faces will be bright, laughing, joyous (80:39,40).

jjaj [aor. 'jJsZ and j-aj aor. j-Arf inf. noun ^aj and SjIaj] : (1) He saw;
he became seeing, ^ ^j-^ : So she observed him from

afar (28:12); (2) he was or became endowed with mental
perception or belief or firm belief or knowledge, understanding,
intelligence or skill. <u j Aj-aj or <u j-aj or «j-A»i : He perceived it
mentally; he knew it or understood it. <u fa* ^°r^. '■ I

perceived (or knew) what they perceived not (20:97). j-A> : He
opened his eyes; he made him to see or to have mental
perception or knowledge. i^IajIU^ : He made him seeing.
^i'/jJxS : They will be brought within sight of one another; they
will be made to see one another (70:12). Sj-ajI (inf. noun jIaj])
as also <bj-aj : He made him see; he saw or became seeing. Ujj
bkL*} : O our Lord, we have seen and we have heard.
(32:13). *J\ 'jaA : Look at me. : How Seeing is He

and how Hearing (18:27). 'j^is : He saw; it also means he
relinquished infidelity and adopted the true belief. ^Jils j-ajI jj> :
He who sees, it is for the good of his own soul (61:05). 'j-a^»\ :
He endeavoured to see or perceive mentally; he had or was
endowed with intelligence or knowledge or understanding.
^ a VJJ (act. par.) : One who has intelligence or knowledge. ijilT
j -f u-JJ : They were sagacious or wise or intelligent. J- a VJ . ' ! : It
(a road) became plain, clear, manifest. y>H\ j- a V .. ° . ' I : The matter
became clear, ^aj (plural jIajI) : The sense of sight; the light
whereby the organ of sight perceives the things; knowledge. U
^Uj^Ji^ij : The eye deviated not, nor did it wander
(53:18). SjjJ- ^'j^i : And sharp is thy sight this day
(50:23). jUSl plural (singular >i) : Eyes. jjl I'J^ : A

lesson for those who have eyes. (3:14). j*j jLa$i iSjl; Si
71

J~0J £«&J

jUajSli : Eyes cannot reach Him but He reaches the eyes (6:104).
^La; i.q. ^aj>: Seeing; one who sees. 'J~a$\ is one of the
attributes of God, meaning (1) Who sees every thing and from
Whom nothing is hidden; (2) one endowed with mental
perception; discerning; intelligent; skilful; possessing
knowledge. ( »i*Ju *J~a> J^-j : A man well versed in knowledge. y\
J~a> means (1) The dog, because it is one of the most
sharp-sighted of animals; (2) a man endowed with mental
perception. iiJlj : And Allah is mindful of servants

(3:16). *J~a> yjJa Uj ; XjJi jl : God sees what you do (2:238). Jjjtf
l^lfi : He became enlightened. : He will come to know

(12:94/97). I^Iaj Uj cuTlJoi : Thou possessed full knowledge of
us (20:36). i'J^u : Understanding; intelligence; knowledge;
skill; mental perception; belief or firm belief; constancy;
firmness; a witness; an observer and a witness; an example by
which one is admonished; a shield; a coat of mail; an oblong
piece of cloth, 'y^ek (plural). j Ul SjIaj JIp aJJi ^1 Ijp^I : I

call unto Allah on sure knowledge. I and those who follow me
(12:109). oL-J^!i Jj : Nay, man is witness against

himself (75:15). SjIaj Js. Jlp : Without certainty. ^La> ^ ^ ol
(Sf : Proofs have indeed come to you from your Lord.
(6:105). joCii jIa> lla : This book contains clear evidences for
men (45:21). JLo2\ J£ j* <5j*> : Blindness of the eyes

is lighter than blindness of the mind. ij'J">j «j-aJ : As a means
of enlightenment and as a Reminder (50:9). ^aU plural,
a^aU fern.) : A watcher or guard; giving light; shining;
illuminating; conspicuous; manifest; evident; causing to have
mental perception or knowledge. \'jSj> jlfdlj : And the day full
of light, or giving light (10:68). 3j-aU jl$JI tij t&crj : And the
sign of day We have made sightgiving (17:13).

J-AJ Onion; a helmet of iron pointed in the middle. IfUaij Ifr^j :
And its lentils and its onions (2:62).

£m2j [aor. £££ inf. noun U-aj] a*-a> : He cut it; he cut it in pieces; he
cut it lengthwise. I^Laj : He lay with her. LjjLajI : He gave her in

72

marriage. The Holy Prophet is reported to have said: £l~Ji^oLli
^pUaSi ^4 ; Women shall be consulted respecting their being
given in marriage. : Marriage; sexual intercourse;
marriage-contract; a dowry; divorce; the authority possessed
over a woman by her guardian who affiances her; an equal,
particularly as a suitor in marriage. : A part or portion of
the night; a time thereof. i fll\ & £eu ^eu> : A part of the night
passed. The word ^ denotes a variety of numbers such as
five, seven, ten etc. But generally it is understood to mean from
three to nine. Jbr j : From three to nine men. flj-lJ From
three to nine women ^ : From three to nine years. J> d-ia

£^aj : So he lived in the prison for three to nine years
(12:43). £«2j also signifies a part or portion. ~^eu : A part or
portion. The Holy Prophet is reported to have said ~^a> Uplift

: Fatimah is a part of me. a*Usj : (1) Merchandise; an article
of merchandise; a portion of one's property which one sends for
traffic. a*Usj fljj^i : They concealed him as a piece of
merchandise (12:20); (2) money spent on buying and selling
articles of merchandise ojj °^s-\^u ijl^-j : They found their
money returned to them (12:66).

jkj [aor. jkrf inf. noun tiu and Ztiu and : He became slow or
backward, tardy or dilatory. <CjJ> U&Si : He made his pace slow.
<»j !ki (and fiUai) : It made him slow or backward; it kept or held
him back. ^. ^j^l p iJaj ^ : He whose deeds held him
back, his lineage will not advance him. t-TlJaj U : What kept you
back. : Who will tarry behind (4:73).

jkj [aor. 'Ja£ and 'Jbj aor. 'j£ inf. noun *jtu\ : (1) He exulted or
exulted much or excessively; he behaved insolently or
un-gratefully; he behaved proudly and boastfully on account of
wealth; (2) he was or became stupefied or confounded and
knew not what to do; (3) he was stupefied or confounded on
account of fright, : He was disdainful of truth and did

not accept it. t^iJl 'Joj : He disliked a thing while it did not
deserve that dislike; he was or became brisk or lively; he

73

walked with a proud and self-conceited gait. 1^4* J^- '■ He
behaves insolently and ungratefully in his manner of life. ^
UAJi : He held wealth in light estimation. \'Ju ^jta & \yrj>- :
Who came forth from their homes boastfully (8:48). o^ki
^ ai4y : Exulted in its manner of life (28:59). l^kj iSi CS'i : His
blood went unavenged.

Jilaj [aor. inf. noun jM] : He seized him violently; he

assaulted him; he seized him with violence and assault; he
seized him vehemently in anger; he laid violent hands upon
him; he took it or took hold of it or clung to it strongly, d-lkj
QjJl Jlj^-I Lgj : The terrors of the world assaulted them. jA£>„
J*Jl ^ : Such a one labours in science or acquires knowledge
quickly or with great ability. jdjOf ^- ti Jaj ^ -J jaj lit : When you lay
hands upon any one, you lay hands as tyrants. (26:131) iljl Uia
JsJ?3 jt : When he intended to lay hold of (28:20). Jkki : (1)
Seizure; (2) might or strength in war or fight; (3) courage; (4)
valour; (5) prowess; (6) anger. ILlsJ JSoj JiiaJ jl : Surely, the
seizing of thy Lord is severe (85:13). iijaj : A violent seizure;
assault. <Jj£l\ S-ilaJi J&u> fy„ : On the day when We shall seize
with the great seizure (44:17). JjSs2\ Qxs> : One whose seizure or
assault is vehement.

JJaj [aor. Jk£ inf. noun and JkU is act. part.]: (1) It was or
became false, fictitious, unsound, corrupt, vain, unreal, naught,
futile, ineffectual, null, of no force or account; (2) it went for
nothing as a thing of no account or as a thing that had perished
or become lost (it is said of a statement or deed). ijitf" U
0jli-*> : Their works proved vain (7:119). iia Jk»: His blood
went vain i.e. it was not avenged or retaliated. °J> Jk» or JJaj :
He joked or was not serious or earnest in his discourse or talk.
Jki [aor. Jkrf] : He was or became brave or courageous in war
or fight. JJaji : (1) He said or spoke what was not true; he made
a false claim. Ukji : He rendered or proved it to be false, vain,
null, useless, futile, ineffective, worthless; (2) he nullified it,
cancelled it, whether it was true or false; he made it to go for

74

nothing as a thing of no account. kii\^> JJaji : He annulled his
testimony; he proved or rendered it JtU (false, vain). J*-^' J^j' :
The man joked. (i&flSli ijikj *j : Render not vain your alms
by taunt (2:265). Jtdl JJa^j : And He brings to naught that
which is false (8:9) JkU (plural J4^0 : False, wrong, spurious,
vain, futile, void, null, ineffective, unsound, unfounded; a thing
of no account; a thing that has perished or become lost, dii a!

: You have spoken a lie, a falsehood; a vain deed or action
or affair; belief in plurality of Gods; in play or sport or acting
unprofitably. Ij ii» eJlU- U tyj ; Our Lord, Thou hast not
created this in vain (3:192). ^db ; ^Lll Jl^l ^JJl : Those
who devour the wealth of people wrongfully (4:162). JkCJi ja) :
Falsehood has vanished away (17:82). JJ?Ij also means a
magician; the devil. Jtdi ^ : Falsehood cannot approach it
(41:43). JJa^ (6j%^ plural) is act par from Jkji and means: one
who says a thing that is false; one who embellishes speech with
lies; one who says or does false or vain things. l_£JUa j-^j
: And then there perish those who uttered falsehoods
(40:79). Jiaj : Courageous or brave man; a hero; one the blood
of whose adversaries goes unavenged. Jli&j : A great liar.

jkj [aor. j^j inf. noun klki] and 'Joj [aor. 'JeZ inf. noun

■H A ■ He

was or became big in the belly in consequence of much eating.
^ : He was or became big in the belly in consequence of
satiety, and disordered therein; he was or became much filled
with food, jkj also means, he exulted greatly and behaved
insolently, j^j [aor. inf. noun "Jbj\ : (1) He struck his
belly; (2) it (a disease) entered into him or penetrated into his
belly. ^iijJi jki : He entered the valley. cM : He penetrated
into or knew the inward state of the affair. jj> ji Jil> jk> : He
became one of his intimate friends. cM also means, it was or
became hidden, jki Uj ^ U : Whether open or secret
(6:152). i°J^\ 'Jt& : He concealed the thing, j^i dJaSi : I made
the man to be one of my intimate friends; I took him as my klL
(close friend). *Jtu (plural S'M) '■ (1) The belly or abdomen.
JaJiji : What is in the belly. l$Jaj oii diJi : she brought forth a

75

child, jiaj l£ cjU : She died in child-birth. (2) The inside of
anything. a& JeL>_ ; In the valley (interior) of Mecca (48:25).
ijcu j> U Sjti : I have vowed to Thee what is in (the interior
of my belly) my womb (3:36). d°J^. j* p&J^ '■ He (God)
brought you forth from the inside (i.e. wombs) of your mothers
(16:79). also means a low tract or portion of land. s-U-lJi ;
The visible part of the sky. It also means the state of
enlargement of the belly arising from satiety. J>2\j d>i> : He died
of the disease of the belly. : Hidden, concealed; internal or
inward part of a thing. jtU : The inward part of the affair;
the secret thoughts; the inward recess of the mind. jl?t# is one
of the attributes of God meaning, He who knows the inward
state of things; He also knows the secret of hidden things; He
who is hidden from public view. <9?$ij ^aI&Ji y*j : He is the
Manifest and the Hidden (57:4). Sity $\ >^ Oj^J : Eschew
sins, open as well as secret (6:121). hie\j (fern, of jkU) : hidden;
secret. : Both external and internal (31:21). isikj

(plural jilki) : Lining or inner covering of a garment; a secret
that a man conceals; a special or intimate friend or associate, y>
^Uaj : He is my close, intimate or special friend, iilkj tjJLsW *i :
Take not as intimate friends (3: 1 19). Jjt^JI klL : The family of a
man and his intimate associates; an inner vest. J&ail & :
Linings of which will be of thick brocade (55:55) 5)^° :
Having a disease of the belly; one who dies of a disease of the
belly.

<»i»*J [aor. dJCj inf. noun dJu and d***] k*j : He sent him as a
messenger. Vj^j i*l us« : We sent (or raised) among every
people a Messenger (16:37). wJl : Allah sent a raven
(5:32). <Js> Aiiu : (1) He roused him or urged him or
appointed him to do a thing. (2) he instigated him to do the
thing. >*jCJI ji^li* &\ : God sent upon them afflictions.
U iSC* : We sent against you or appointed for you our
servants (17:6). <d*' & 0**^ : Then appoint an arbiter from
his folk (4:36). (3) It also means, to rouse someone from sleep,
as they say <ujj j* : He roused him from sleep; (4) he roused

76

him; (5) He brought him to life. fay 4** j* ^^*>. p : Then We
raised you up after your death (2:57). iJJl fa& J>°^j '■ And the
dead, Allah will raise them to life (6:37). j-i* fa ^ p '■
Then We raised or We appointed among them twelve leaders
(5:13). Jjj^J' : God quickened or raised to life the dead,

dij : (1) Primarily signifies the removing of that which
restrains one from free action; (2) the quickening, vivifying and
the raising of the dead to life; (3) sleepless man whom his
anxieties keep awake; (4) a detachment of army; (5) a person
sent; a Messenger; (6) a people sent from one place to another;
(7) the people sent to the fire, ili^l f y. : The day of
Resurrection. di2l^lia : This is the Day of Resurrection
(30:57). d^Jl (inf. noun *itfjl) : He was being sent; he became
roused to action; he became roused or was awakened from his
sleep; or he awoke from his sleep. fa*j\ ^ *J> '■ Allah was
averse to their marching forth. <i>yu> (passive participle and
li'Ji'yuA plural): One who is raised; one who is sent; oyyv 1 fa :
That they will be raised again (83:5).

j&> [aor. j*£ inf. noun Vj**] (1) He took a thing out; (2) he laid it
open or exposed it; (3) he raised what was in a thing and
caused it to come forth; (4) he examined; (5) he searched; (6)
he searched or dispersed a thing and turned it over. lilj
cjj£> : And when the graves are laid open (82:5). J>^j% fy
: When those in the graves are raised (100: 10).

[aor. i*£ inf. noun 3* and 3*j aor. i*S inf. noun 3J6 and 3*5l aor.

inf. noun SUSi] : (1) He was or became distant or remote; (2)
he went to a distance or withdrew himself; (3) he alienated or
estranged himself; (4) he kept aloof; (5) he or it perished; (6) he
died. fl-USi and : He caused him to go; he withdrew himself;
he removed him far away or alienated or estranged him. Xt*\j Cjj
UjlL.1 £ : Our Lord, place longer distance between the stages of
our journeys (34:20). ifal : May God curse him. 6i* : May
thou perish. 3* : (1) Distance or remoteness; (2) judgement and
prudence. (jJujiik] : He is an intelligent man); a curse;

77

malediction, & : May God curse him. 3 jXj US' ^IJ llAi VI :
Behold, cursed be Midian, even, as Thamud had been cursed
(11:96). aa^Ji p&s- '■ The hardness of the journey (or the
hard journey) became too long for them (9:42). 1# : Distant;
remote; far; far-off; as signifying distance with respect to place,
it is used alike as masculine and feminine, singular, dual and
plural. It signifies distance in time also. %*> J}s : A far-fetched
or extraordinary saying. %*> y>\ : An extraordinary affair. diUi
Jl* js* : And he did not tarry long (27:23). 1?°J f jJ Uj :

And the people of Lot are not far from you (1 1:90). °J> '•

Gone far in enmity. (2:177) oj^v (singular : Those who
are kept far away, & ^-^j 1 : They will be removed far

from it (21:102). A* (an adv. noun of time) signifying: (1) After
or afterwards; (2) behind; (3) now; (4) yet; (5) as yet; (6)
before; (7) in time; and it also means; (8) inspite of being, syn.
with ^ and also means; (9) contrary or (10) against and (11)
addition to or further more. It is used with a ciU>] but if it is
without diu>] it has Zamma or Fatha with Tanween as and

and 1*j ja . &k 'jy^J : And they disbelieved after they

had accepted Islam (9:74). <uUj1 jJu # Jju 'JZ °y> ; Who
disbelieves in Allah after he has believed (16:107). ji & y>y\ &

Jr?J : Allah's is the command before and after (30:5). &> tfli

Ulj : Then afterwards, either release them as a favour or by
taking ransom (47:5). jOUJi ill j*Ji 0^ liUi : So what is after
truth (has been discarded) but error (10:33). a* A^JLUiij
: And furthermore, all other angels are (his) helpers (66:5).

L_£J'i .& ^ : Ill-mannered and, in addition to that, of
doubtful birth (68:14). Jll ^ aJJl^ JUi : Who then will guide
him after Allah (45:24). ^ c£Us*I : And whoso
transgresses after (in spite of) that (2:179).

j*J [aor. ^ui inf. noun \'jkt] : He voided dung. ^ : (1) A camel,
male or female, whereas j^r is applied to a male camel and JiU
to a she-camel; (2) an ass; anything that carries. ^ alfji:
We shall have in addition the measure of a camel-load (12:66).

78

J£m [aor. jojCj inf. noun joju] JPjQ\ : The gnats or mosquitoes
bit him or annoyed him. jl&Jl je*>\ ; Mosquitoes increased in
the house. Je*> : (1) Some or somewhat or someone; (2) a part
or portion of a thing or things; (3) all. SjlliJi jpm &Jkk : Some of
the travellers will pick him up (12: 1 1). ^jj je*> ji Uji ciJ : I have
remained a day or part of a day (2:260). Jp°j*> : Gnats or
mosquitoes, teyu (singular): A gnat. S-*>j*j £ Sta u^- <S' : To
give an illustration as small as that of a gnat (2:27). Uwj ; A
place or land abounding in mosquitoes.

J*J [aor. Jjw or J*S inf. noun and 3»^iJLJ J^r^Ji J*j ji J*j : The
man married the woman or he took a wife; he became a
husband. ai_^Ji ci*j : She became a wife. J*j : He resisted
him. J*j [aor. Jjw] : He became confused or confounded and did
not know what to do. J*j like £jj means both a husband and
wife (spouse), more generally husband. J*3i (Jj*j plural)
husband; wife lord, master or owner of a thing; a head chief;
ruler or person of authority; one whom it is a necessary duty to
obey; a family whose maintenance is incumbent upon a person;
a weight or burden (<d»> ^* 5^ : Such a one became a
weight or burden upon his family); an elevated land; the tax
that is given for the watering of palm-trees. °J*>. ^ (Jj*j
plural): This my husband is an old man (11:73). %j : Do
you call on Ba'l (37:126)? Ba'l was the name of a god belonging
to the people of Ilyas. l&Yy. (S^j» : Their husbands, have the
greater right to take them back (2:229). uj% like Jj* is the
plural of J*.

C«*J [aor. inf. noun teu] k*> a : He came to him suddenly. c-U
jiiil obi; ^ jil : I do not feel safe from the sudden attacks of
the enemy, teu li] : When the hour shall come upon

them suddenly (6:32).

and ja*j [aor. joju and ja*> aor. JO& inf. noun : He or it
was or became hateful, odious or an object of hatred, :
His good fortune fell. <ua*S' : He hated him. jes-te : The
company of men hated one another. je*> : Hatred (cont. of CJ-).

79

~^a*j and iUa«j : Vehement hatred. j£*> : Hateful; odious; an
object of hatred; hated, (►ffcljil j* *Uabl ooj : Extreme hatred
has shown itself from what they say by their mouths (3:119).

J*J [aor. jirf inf. noun Sui] : (1) He affected stupidity, dullness or
lack or intelligence; (2) he became submissive and humble, jii
(JUj plural and tiju fern, and oS\*j plural): The mule; the animal
generated by the he-ass and the mare or sometimes the horse
and the she-ass coming together in the act of mating. J4^'j
juJij : And the horses and the mules and the asses
(16:9). iUj °y> ii'Ai : She is more barren than a mule.

^ [aor. °J&. inf. noun ^ and tJu and Jo and ^1 : He sought;
sought after or sought for; he desired or endeavoured to find
and take; (Jcj\ also means, he sought diligently). {/o according
to Imam Raghib signifies, seeking to exceed the just bounds in
respect of that which one aims at or endeavours after whether
one actually exceeds them or not. The word also signifies
acting wrongfully, injuriously or tyrannically, or seeking or
endeavouring to act corruptly, wrongly or unjustly, or
exceeding the due limits in any way. i^lii Jo ; He sought for or
after the thing. Jo : The man exceeded the proper limits;
he disobeyed. °Jyj Jb\ ijAjlii : So fight that party which exceeds
the proper limits (49:10). a 1 *** ^ '■ Between them is a

barrier which they exceed not to encroach upon one another
(55:21). ail : Shall I seek a lord other than Allah

(6:165) : Do they then seek the judgement of

the days of ignorance (5:51) iU-lit cJo : The sky rained
vehemently. £)^i Jo : The wound grew worse and swelled and
produced much purulent matter. Jo also means, he lied. °jCo U :
(1) We do not lie; (2) what else do we seek. (12:66). Jo : He
looked at a thing and waited for it. o*j (inf. noun £u*) : The
girl committed fornication (or adultery); she prostituted herself.

J£ \°J> Jj Sfj : And do not compel your maids to

commit fornication or prostitute themselves (24: 34). ^Ui Js- Jo :
He exalted himself against men; he oppressed them; he acted

80

^ J*

wrongfully or tyrannically against men and deviated from the
right way. je*> Jl* J*j : One of us has transgressed against
the other (38:23). J> J*j : He was proud or conceited in his
walk; he behaved proudly, haughtily or insolently. J> illiJl^Wj
Jp°$l\ : And do not seek (or endeavour) to create disturbance or
mischief) in the land (28:78). Jfe*} is syn. of J*, [inf. noun l&>\].
Jjl oU> iUyl : Seeking the pleasure of God (2:208). $ ijfcilj
iil-jii : And seek the way of approach to Him (5:36). £4* jij
Lb : And he who seeks a religion other than Islam (3:86).

ju>\ : It was or became suitable, fit, right, proper, meet for
him; it behoved; it was or became easy or practicable for him. U
llf j*ib ^jlu : It does not behove thee that you should do
such a thing. aJ Uj aLUe U : And We have not taught
him the art of poetry, nor does it behove him. (36:70). J~«-SJl *i
yJi\ lJjAj ,jI LgJ : It is not right or possible or easy for the
sun that it should overtake the moon (36:41). J^j : Tyranny;
wrong, injustice; excess; transgression; disobedience;
exceeding legitimate limits; mischief; corruption or
disturbance; much rain, ijipj C*> e'iyJrj dj*°A : Pharaoh and
his hosts pursued them wrongfully and aggressively (10:91). UJl
jjLJii Jlp {J&u : Your excesses are only against your ownselves
(10:24). ^Jl^UlTil : When an aggression afflicts them
(42:40). jfi : A fornicatress, an adulteress or a prostitute; (UUi
plural: Scouts; : Scouts that precede army); it also

means a female singer. L_£ii eJlT Uj : And thy mother was
not an unchaste woman (a fornicatress etc.) (19:29) (3Ui and
jL>i plural): A man who seeks for or after; a man who exceeds
proper limits in acting wrongfully; who transgresses; a horse
that is proud with exceeding briskness. *ij ^> 'Js- (act. pat.):
Neither disobedient nor exceeding the limits (2: 174).

J& [aor.'j£t or inf. noun yu\ : He slit; ripped; cut or divided
lengthwise; he laid open; he widened. Je jSfi i&ia ; Hud-Hud
(hoopoe) clove the ground and discovered water; he became
fatigued so that he could hardly see. : Ox or bull; cow;
(singular and plural) and of£ (i;Z> singular). L^^LSJ_/$I 5] :

81

& ^

Verily, cows appear to us alike (2:71). ^j^t £r* ^'j 1 ^1 : I
see in a dream seven fat cows (12:44). "Ju is also applied to a
family whose maintenance is incumbent upon a person and
who lives with a person. "ijA> \jAjX> ^^Ij aJJI 5] : Verily, Allah
commands you to slaughter a cow (2:68).

[aor. ^Srf inf. noun \*a»] : It was black and white. $ CsjA *i : I
do not know where he went, i^allil : Calamity befell them.
S*2j and : A piece or plot of land; a piece of land differing in
colour or condition from that which adjoins it; a place where
water remains and stagnates. Jj>*$\ Xj> Z*kS\ j^J- "tfte ; Such a one
has a good station with the leader. : A wide or spacious
place or piece of land; a piece of land full of different kinds of
trees. *g 'J>\ : Dog. tfjt^il J : In the blessed spot (28:31).
: The mirage.

Jaj [aor. Jilj inf. noun jij and Jj£j] : It came forth; it appeared; it
put forth its beard. He collected jib which means, tender plants
which are neither shrubs nor trees; herbs; vegetables. i$12j :
Of its herbs (2:62). : The place grew its jij (herbs).

Jj?jt : A land which grows . Jlii : one who sells jij
(vegetables).

'Jfc, [aor. J«£ inf. noun and OG] : He remained, continued,
lasted, endured; he was or became permanent. ji? UUj ^£ : He
lived for a long time, t.°JsA\ ^ ^ : A remain, remnant, relic
or residue of the thing remained, fllijj : He made him to become
permanent or continue to live for ever. aJJi »\a>\ : May God
preserve him, or God preserved him. Jsj) : He pardoned
him; he took pity on him. ^1 : More enduring. °J>ti\ is one of
the attributes of God meaning Everlasting. I j>/J\ ^^'li ijjij :
And give up what remains of the interest (2:279). *J~>- jjjj
Jfctj : And the provision of thy Lord is better and more lasting
(20:132). jJu *i : It spares not, nor does it leave (74:29).

Jij (0j31j and plural). aAJi1# Uj : And what is with Allah is
lasting or will remain (16:97). 1*j Li^pi ^ : Then We
drowned the rest, or who had remained behind (26:121).

82

and j>\y, are plural and is mas.) : Any righteous or
good work of which the reward remains; act of obedience;
lasting; continuance or permanence. UAT l$A*fj : And He
made it a word enduring (43:29). °J» : Canst thou

see any remnant of them or dost thou see them to have any
continuance. d»\^iCai\ oiJiJij : And lasting good works (18:47).
"4* (1) A remain; (2) remainder; remnant; (3) Legacy (&• '4&j
Ojjii JT} J*>y> JT : And a legacy of good left by the family
of Moses and Aaron) (2:249); (4) relic; (5) residue; (6)
Excellence; (7) judgement and intelligence; (8) understanding
and discrimination; (9) obedience; (10) having the quality of
watching and hence preserving themselves (aIaj i^Jji : Persons
possessing all these above mentioned qualities i.e. intelligence,
discrimination, understanding, obedience etc); (11) Best part of
a people. 5*>\i : Such a one is the best of the people; (12)

good state or condition remaining. jh\ : Obedience of God,
fear of God. ^ ^ Jji aI£ : That which is left with you by Allah
is better for you, or the obedience or fear of Allah is better for
you (11:87).

j£o [aor. inf. noun J* and jt» and 'J&\ and = j>

: He went forth early in the morning. ^ plural): A
virgin; a man who has not touched a woman, applied both to a
man and a female; an unpierced pearl; a bow when one first
shoots with it; a cloud abounding with (^ o^) ; a cow that
has not yet conceived; a heifer; a woman that has not yet given
birth to a child; a she-camel that has given birth only once; fire
not lighted from another fire (^ jU) ; the first born child
whether male or female; the first of anything, yK> : A blow
or stroke that kills at once, not requiring to be struck a second
time. yt>. tfj je>j& i : Neither old nor young (2:69). Ijl&l :
We have made them virgins (56:37). jl&j (inf. noun from 'J#)
and i'JZ : The early morning or first part of the day; time
between dawn and sunrise, j^j^'j {jr^U : In the evening and in
the early morning (3:42). i'J* '■ I came to him early in the
morning. ^jal2 <l>\'te i'Ju °^^t> &j and there came upon them

83

early in the morning a lasting punishment (54:39). *J^> : A
youthful he-camel; one in a state of youthful vigour
(metaphorically applied to a young man).

^Sj : He reprimanded him severely; he overcame him with
argument; he smote him or beat him. iillil JiSy : He tired the
beast in walking. i£jfjti\ : That is at Bacca (Mecca) (3:97).

[aor. inf. noun ^S] : He was dumb, either by natural
conformation or from inability to find words to express
himself; he had not understanding to reply, nor ability to frame
speech well, though possessing the faculty of speech; he was
dumb and weak in understanding, silly or stupid, or he was
dumb and deaf and blind by birth; he desisted from sexual
intercourse intentionally or from ignorance. ^ [aor. : He
refrained from speaking intentionally or from ignorance, ffi
((*& plural): Dumb either by natural conformation or from
inability to find words to express himself; not having
understanding to reply or the ability to make good speech or
speak well, though having the faculty to speak; dumb and
stupid, l^s- (JSo (JJ? : Deaf, dumb and blind (2:19). UiJ^I :
One of them is dumb (16:77).

^Jsj [aor. l£& inf. noun t& and ^Sy] : He wept i.e. he shed tears; he
lamented or grieved; he lamented and shed tears. J^>. : He
wept for or over him. J* also means, he sang. diu Ui
JpjSlij : So the heaven and the earth did not weep over
them, or for them or on account of them. (44:30) : He made
him weep; he did to him what made him weep. ^S^i>\ j* 'a\
J£>\j : He that it is Who makes people laugh and weep (53:44).
JjSsi and : One who weeps much. (act. part, n.): One
who weeps; weeping. is plural). L&j 'jS^ : They fell
down prostrating themselves and weeping (19:59).

Jj is a particle of digression signifying (a) the cancellation of what
precedes as in *ty J* : Nay, or nay rather, or nay but, they
are honoured servants (21:27); or (b) transition from one object
of discourse to another as in dlil 5U*Jl dYjy : But you prefer
84

the present life (87:17). In all such cases it is an inceptive
particle, not a conjunctive; (c) when it is a conjunction, it
requires the word that follows it to be in the same case as that
which precedes it as in \*y>* Jj I&j o '■ Beat thou Amr, not
Zaid. <~£y) JJ ^3 : Thy father came to me, not thy
brother, (d) Sometimes it is used as syn. with j (jlj) as in y> Jj
: And it is a glorious Qur'an (85:22). (e) It is used in
the sense of jl (verily) also as in <i^r>j ?]* ^ (S^ 1 ^ :
Verily, those who have disbelieved are in a state of pride and
opposition (38:3). (f) Sometimes it is put in place of 4*j • J*^ :
Water; prosperity or wealth; good future; health. :
Nightingale.

J-U [aor. lb and inf. noun SjL] <jl£jb jX> ; He remained, stayed,
abode or dwelt in the place and kept to it. [aor. JUb] : He had
eyebrows not joined. It* [aor. i&] : He was or became stupid or
dull, iij (masc. and fern.) and «Hj : Both signify the same,
namely a country, land, province, district, territory, city, town
or village, i.e. any portion of the land comprehended within
certain limits; land which has not been dug; a burial ground; a
grave or sepulchre; dust or earth; a trace mark or vestige; the
origin of a thing. Besides the above meanings it means a desert
or waterless desert in which one cannot find his way. ilh\ is
one of the mansions of the moon; the earth or ground; breast.
(ijh\ fyi : Such a one is wide in the breast.) L»l &i\ ll» J«fl
: Make this city a city of peace (14:36). c4* J-b : We drive
it to a dead land. SJUi : A fair city (34: 16). SjLjU <o LlAl : We
quicken therewith a dead land (50:12). SJUb'ij JJLSV : Mecca. \X»
£f$S jJLJi : This town of peace (95:4). SjiLSi s& oj ^ 6* : I
am commanded to serve the Lord of this city (27:92). &LS\
(singular : Towns; land. a*>Ul J> ±jh : The moving

about of the disbelievers in the land. (3: 197).

j*JjI [aor. inf- noun J-^}] : He despaired or gave up hope, &
Jjl U^j (of the mercy of Allah); he became broken in spirit; he
was or became silent on account of grief; he was or became

85

& £

perplexed or confounded and unable to see his right course; he
was or became cut short or stopped j> : in his argument; he
was prevented from attaining his wish; he was or became
unable to prosecute his journey; he repented, or grieved for
what he had done. 4— : He caused him to despair. JX* (6j-*4»*
plural, act. part, noun: one who despairs. <Sj-^ (►* '■ And lo!
they are plunged in grief; they despair (6:45). J4^1 (J^^ and
i-J>i are plural) : (1) One who despairs (2) it is generally
considered to be a name of Satan. J4$ ^ : They

submitted but Iblis did not (2:35).

and jJj [aor. ^ inf. noun m*U and a*Aj and : He
swallowed it. *U U : O earth, swallow thy water

(11:45).

£Aj [aor. inf. noun £jij and [%] £_$ means: Reaching,
attaining, arriving at or coming to, the utmost point of that to
which a person directs his course or which he seeks, pursues or
endeavours to reach, whether it be a place or time or state, and
sometimes £jJj signifies being at the point thereof. : He
reached or arrived at it or him. ^1 £Jj : The fruit ripened. jk>
: The boy reached or attained his puberty. 3i*Ji £X> : The
disease grew severe, ^ : He reached or arrived at the

place, slit jij : He reached his full vigour or maturity (12:23).
j$Jr\ : When they are near to reaching their term (65:3).

^Jdj : The extreme limit of old age has indeed come upon
me, has overtaken me (19:9). kfUJ- iglU Ijifejj : And you may
attain your desire or satisfy your need (40:81). 'g> (inf. noun
gte). isiUjciliUi : Thou hast not conveyed His message
(5:68). (inf. noun £*>&) . <^p cl-g : I have delivered to
you the messages of my Lord (7:94). £JU (inf. noun &£) : He
exceeded the usual or proper bounds or degree in doing a thing;
he acted immoderately or extravagantly; he exerted himself to
do the thing; he did his utmost y>\ °J> (in an affair); he did a
thing thoroughly or completely. 9^l£JUil)l 5] : Verily, Allah
accomplishes His purpose fully (65:4). £JU (act. part, noun and

86

aaJU fern.) : Reaching, attaining or arriving at a place, time or
affair; that which reaches or arrives at a place, affair etc. j>
jisxil : Reaching the utmost degree in stupidity. a-*^Ji £JG Qa :
Offering reaching the Ka'aba (5:96). £JU means also a young
man who has reached his maturity. It also means a good or
excellent thing. a*JU (feminine). a*JUJl fUl : For God is the
most thorough argument; argument that reaches home (6:150).
JUJGUic*- : Consummate Wisdom. : That which is
conveyed; a message; the act of conveying; delivery of a
message; reaching or attaining a thing. UjU : Upon

thee is only conveying the message (3:21). ^Uj£^ : This is
sufficient exposition for men. (14:53). £Jj [aor. jfc] : He was or
became or £4-f* i.e. chaste or eloquent in speech; sharp,
penetrating or effective in tongue. VjS i.e. effective word
(4:64). jfc : The place and the time which a person or thing
reaches, attains or arrives at; the utmost limit or point to which
or towards which one tends or repairs or to which one directs
his course or which one seeks, pursues, endeavours to reach,
whether it be a place or a time or a state or event; the utmost
degree of proficiency; the age of puberty or maturity; a sum of
money, particularly a considerable sum thereof, : One who
carries or preaches a message. ^ j* {^*&> l_£Jj : That is their
sum of knowledge or their utmost limit of knowledge (53:31).

[aor. jirf inf. noun t% and and jIj] (as also i%\ and Hz>})-.
He (God) tried, proved or tested him J^u (with or by good) or
(by or with evil); He afflicted him. t>% : He knew it or
became acquainted with it. k'fit : I tried, proved or tested him; I
smelt it. ^j^Jij <Jj*Ji 'J* t^ij j : And We will try you with
something of fear and hunger (2:156). oL~A!b ^U^L : We tried
them with good things (7:169). ^j&i ljL : : We may know or
become acquainted with i.e. make known or test the facts about
you (47:32). oj^ 1 'J* [aor. J£\ : It (the garment) was or became
old and worn-out; it (a plant) became old and withered; it (a
bone) became old and decayed; it (a corpse) became consumed
by the earth; it (a man's reputation) became worn out. \i

87

% J*

Jl£ : And a kingdom which decays not (20:121). lhh!>\ ifal S*>Q
L-J- or L-^- &j : God did to him a good deed. i% La J0j
L~ > : And that He may confer on the believers a great favour
(8:18). »%\ : He made him to swear, or he swore to him; he
informed him or acquainted him with; he manifested it; he
revealed it. 'j) j-lil Jfr fy. : On the day when the secrets shall be
disclosed (86:10). JS\ : He wore out the garment. : He
tried, tested or proved him; he asked or sought of him
information or news; he conjured and asked if he had any
knowledge; he desired it; he sought it; he chose him, elected
him. '4j fcty ■ When his Lord tried Abraham (2:125).

(iijjij> J> U ilii J^Qj : And that Allah might test what is in your
breasts (3:155). ^J> : One who tries or tests. and -
plural) j& &\ h\ ■ Allah will surely try you with a river

(2:250) 'j&iS & b\ ■ Surely, We do try people (23:31). \% (or
- plural QK>) : A trial; a test; an affliction by which one's
mettle is tried and tested; the act of trying; grief as it tries the
body; imposition of a difficult or troublesome thing; a favour or
blessing, °y> \%j <^ij : And in this there was a trial for
you from your Lord (2:50). Ll£ 1% : A great favour (8: 18).

i^i Is a particle; contrary of V and used for corroboration like ft ; it
is a reply to an interrogation which is a negative and affirms
what is said to the addressee, as when you say to another J*i> Jl :
Didst thou not do such a thing, and the reply is <Jj meaning
yes, yea or aye. It is also used to convey reproof, o^^ 1 4—^'
^ol% j) : Does man think that We will not collect or
assemble his bones? (75:4) Then the reply is Jl< i.e. We will
collect them. It is also used to make a person confess or
acknowledge a thing. °<&.y. cJJ' : Am I not your Lord? (7:173)
and the reply Jl< ijllS : They said, yea. It denotes a reply to a
simple negation also. It occurs in 39:60 where it is said Ji ^
iUr (Aye, My Signs came to thee), preceded by that
which is not literally a negation, but which has the force of a
negation.

88

[aor. jS\ ^\>^i\j jt\ : He remained or remained in the house or
clove to it. jUj singular): Fingers; extremities or ends
thereof; all the limbs and members of the body ; the fingers or
toes and any other parts of all the limbs; the arms or hands and
the legs or feet. jlu fa Oo-^'j : And smite of all their
finger-tips (8:13). kty (singular and plural) kty ijj^j Jlp : To
restore his very finger-tips (75:5).

[aor. inf. noun C£ and <jt~u and »tu : He built it,
constructed it. «Lj (the tashdeed signifies frequency or
repetition). : He built houses in the land. <d*' Jlp ^ :

He went into his wife. J*r^' ^ : He did a favour to the man. ^
k&^UkJl : The food built or fattened his body. £tu : A building; a
structure; a wall; the roof or ceiling of a house; the body with
the limbs; a thing that is spread on the ground to serve as a
table for food, made of leather. 5£u : A building; a structure; a
wall. Je j*°J> jt-u (14^ : As if they were a solid structure
cemented with molten lead (61:5). £jJl Jlj* V : This
building of theirs which they have built will ever continue...
(9:110). aliUUlj : And the heaven a roof (2:23). ftS : A
builder; one whose business is that of building i.e. an architect.
je^js-j : All sorts of builders and divers (38:38). jj] (fern.

^0 or (fern, c-u) : A son (because he is the father's building,
made to be so by God); A son's son; a descendant (plural &j*>
and and Similarly c-j : A daughter; any female
descendant (plural - oty). Jl-lJl j5l : The wayfarer. jlkJl :
Adam. J4^' j5} and jJaJi jj! : The thief or robber. <->°^ 'J>\ : The
warrior. jj! : The rich man. jI*Jl c-y : The tear. c~u :
The coffee. j*lJi olu : The calamities and misfortunes. J4^' ^^:
The griefs. Jej^ : The streamlets. oLy also means, dolls
with which young girls play. ^ (dim of *J>)) : A term of
endearment. "4£ (fern, of jj) : A little daughter. jd^JaJi o£u : The
small roads that branch off from the main road. : The

sons or children or descendants of such a one. Jjj-- uiol 5} : Thy
son has committed a theft (12:82). : They

slaughtered your sons (2:50). h^M ^ <*tj* J : And Mary, the
89

daughter of Imran (66:13). oj^ 1 j&j & f 1 : Has He only
daughters and for you sons (52:40). « jJL^Jt *il U : O my son,
observe prayer (31:18). ^ : lofty. ~40> ^j* '■ Lofty mansions
(39:21).

C*$j [aor. c4rf and c-£ aor. and inf. noun : He was or
became confounded, perplexed or amazed and unable to see his
right course; he was struck or dumbfounded; he was silent
being dumbfounded; he was overcome by an argument or
allegation or plea. jif^JJl '• So the disbeliever was
confounded (2:259). [aor. e4s>] : (1) It came upon him
suddenly and caused him to become confounded or perplexed,
(2) or he overcame him. (3) he or it confounded or perplexed
him so that he could not see his right course. '■ It

shall come upon them suddenly, so that it will confound them
(21:41). k£ [aor. e-fc-i inf. noun 5^] : He calumniated him;
slandered him; lied against him; accused him falsely or did so
in such a manner as to confound him. l$s£ (inf. noun c~$j) : He
accused her falsely of adultery; forged a lie against her. :
Confounded, perplexed; slandered or falsely accused;
calumniated. 5^ : A calumny; a slander; a falsehood by reason
of which one is confounded and unable to see his right course;
a false accusation of adultery against a woman; ^.y Jl*
Ulkp : Against Mary a grievous calumny (4: 157).

g& [aor ^4rf inf. noun a^-^j and : He or it was or became

beautiful or beautiful and bright. and g^l : He was or
became joyful or glad or happy. <u g& and <o g^ajl : He rejoiced
in it. [aor. : It rejoiced him or made him happy, :
Beauty; beauty and brightness of a thing; joyfulness of
appearance; joy or happiness; freshness. oli ai>jj : A

garden of surpassing beauty. A^ji : A man possessed of
beauty. oli jJlJL^ : Beautiful orchards (27:61). :
Beautiful in colour; beautiful and bright, applied to a plant;
beautiful, happy or glad, applied to a man. ^& j ^ : Every
kind of beautiful species (50:8).

90

[aor. J4rf inf. noun J4i] J# : He left the she-camel to be
milked by anyone who pleased, or he left her young one at
liberty to suck her. uSte J# : May God curse such a one. J&^l
*4*j : He left his subjects to do what they like. U»j fav y JaU
(and IjIaUj and iji$yj) : They cursed one another; they invoked
the curse of God upon one another, aiȣ : The act of cursing
each other; invoking the curses of God upon one another. J#y]
J) : He humbled himself or occupied himself with earnest
supplication. p : (1) Then we invoke the curse of God
(3:62); (2) let us pray most earnestly.

p£> : He separated the ^ (i.e. lambs or kids or both) from
their mothers so that they pastured alone. f\#f\ : Confusion; the
thumb. : Confused; not clear. : A confused speech.

££j> kfe- : A wall which has no door. : A beast; a brute; any
quadruped whether of the land or of the sea; all animals except
beasts of prey and birds; it may also mean any animal.
^Uitfl : Quadruped of the class of cattle (5:2).

sXi [aor. inf. noun Vjj] <&, : He returned to him or it; he
withdrew to him or it; he made himself an associate to him or
it. aUi ja c^a«j j'sXij : And they returned with the anger of God
(2:62). <ujU s-Ij : He returned with his sin; he acknowledged it or
confessed it; he became responsible for it; he became burdened
or laden with it; he bore his sin. ^-SUjij ^Jb \ jl : That thou
shouldst become responsible for my sin as well as thy sin
(should bear), or should become burdened with my sin and thy
sin (5:30). Vy\ : I confer and acknowledge to thy

favour. Ci'Mi 5^ *U such a one was killed in retaliation for him.
iX> also means, it suited, matched or corresponded. tQalso
signifies, he exalted himself or was proud. t\y. : He lodged him
in an abode. : He prepared an abode for him; he

assigned to him an abode. J> ^ \ % : He (God) gave or

assigned to you an abode in the land (7:75). ji^Jb j\ ji^Ji Yjj ;
He stayed in the place, ly* : A place of abode. Jl^ i%* :
Excellent abode (10:94). j^j^ii : Thou assigning to the

91

believing men their positions (3:122). ^Uj^Ij jioji jjj : Who
made their abode in the city and in the faith, the faith being
likened to a place of abode (59:10).

4^ [aor. oj£ inf. noun : He became a door-keeper or

gate-keeper to him. C/y\ ; He divided the book into

chapters. (plural ^y) : A door; a gate; a place of entrance; a
means of access or of attainment; a trick or process by which
something is effected; a class or category or head. &t~«#- cui
explained to him his account head by head. 4'j* : A
door-keeper or gate-keeper. \J^J» jjUal : Enter the door
submissively (2:59). o'j*' $ : For it there are seven doors
(15:45).

jIj [aor. jjJj inf. noun jljj and jjj] : He or it perished, Jjjili :
The market became dull. J-i^Ji jIj : The work became or proved
vain. J>°fi\ OjG : The land was or became uncultivated, jjr>Jl jU :
He tested and tried the man. (jjijj ijiU : They became extinct
and perished, jjj : A bad or corrupt man or people; a man or
people in a state of perdition; a ruined man or people. ijj£"
Ijjj : They were a ruined people (25:19). j'jj : Perdition;
destruction, ji j-J'j'i ^jS 'j^*" 1 • They landed their people into the
abode of ruin (14:29). j>> 'j. hyrj. '■ They hope for a
bargain that will never fail; a traffic that will never perish
(35:30). The Arabs say: jU&Ji jljjl Jjj : Perdition fell upon
the disbelievers.

Jlj [aor. JjJj inf. noun Jjj] : He made water; Sjj JIj : He

begot offspring resembling him in form and natural
disposition); it (fat) melted or dissolved. JIj : A state; condition
or case. ^Ij £-U>i : He (God) will improve their condition
(47:3). ^ aj-lJi JG U : What is the case of the women

who cut their hands (12:51). *_5CJU U : How are you? JUi ja :
He is in ample and easy circumstances or condition. Ji-itf j*
Jl-)i : He is in an evil condition. ^ ^ ; This is not of the
things for which I care. Jtj : (1) The heart or mind; (Jjj : Urine;
the mirage; offspring; a large number). °JL» 'jo* : It occurred to

92

Ob Ob

me. (2) Mind or attention; (l_£JG : Give me thy attention).
(3) The whale, a great fish; (4) the spade.

Ob [aor. c4~> inf. noun and and ajjIj] Jt ^ : He

stayed in the place at night; he passed the night in the place. oU
llT Jia : He passed the night doing such a thing; he entered
upon the night doing such a thing; he did such a thing at night.
\jJ^> oj4e ck^H '■ Those who pass the night prostrating in
prayer before their Lord. (25:65). J^l olj : The man remained
awake all night, fll^j <uj h'M : He passed the night or entered
upon the night with such a one. : He became in

such a place, c4~> ^ (^40 : He married or took a wife. c~3i c-S
: He constructed a house. y>*$\ c£> : He performed the thing at
night; he thought and meditated upon it at night. c~j : He
thought over or meditated upon his opinion and concealed it. i]
J)5ji ^'ji U it'fZs : When they spend the night meditating
upon what He will not approve of, or talk or pass the night
plotting etc; (4:109). jAiii cJj : He came upon the enemy
suddenly; took them by surprise; attacked them, by night or at
night. aIaIj £ud : We will surely attack him and his family at
night (27:50). jAjl cJj : He trimmed the palm-trees, cJj : A
house; a chamber; a tent; an apartment; a dwelling; a
habitation; a pavilion; palace or mansion; a grave; the wife of a
man; a man's household or family; the Ark of Noah; a verse;
the nobility of the Arabs; a noble person (<^j3 cJj 5"^ : Such a
one is the noble person of his people); the furniture of a house
or tent. (ojIJ plural). o)XUJi cJ2 5j : Surely, the

weakest of the dwellings is the dwelling of the spider (29:42).
c-3l : The House (the Ka'ba at Mecca). cJ2\ ^ Js^ :
Pilgrimage to the House is a duty on people. (3:98): <jIs*J' c4JJi :
The ancient House (22:34). jjX*J( e43i : The frequented House
(52:5). fl>Jl eJi : The inviolable or the sacred House (5:98).

: Thy sacred House (14:38). jil : People of the
house (11 :74); people of the House of the Holy Prophet. aJJi c-j :
The House of God (the Ka'ba). JUii c4i : The treasury. 6Q :
Coming upon the enemy by night; a sudden attack upon the

93

enemy by night when he is heedless; a great slaughter among
the enemy by night. \ij>\ l&W : Our command came upon
them by night. U : Our punishment came upon them

by night (7:5).

i\j [aor. inf. noun laj* and liljj and and 'SC and laja and
a^jilj] : He or it perished; passed away; became extinct. oiG
JJLzl\ : The sun set. ^ t& : That this will ever perish
(18:36). : A desert; a waterless desert.

jibU [aor. jeQ, inf. noun Ualj] Li>lj : He excelled him in whiteness.

jp£ : The bird laid its egg. J>$ ■ He stayed in the
house, : The heat became intense. kajj : He made it

white. JaZ\ : It was or became white, i^fj jeu>\ : His face
became white i.e. expressive of joy; he became cheerful; his
character became cleared. Ja£ f y. : On the day when some
faces shall be white (3:107). U£ (ja^ plural) : An egg; a
helmet; a testicle; a kind of grape in Al-Taif, white and large;
the fat of a camel's hump; a receptacle; a beautiful woman; ~^u>
jilJi : The main part of the house. *UsIj : Land in which
there is no herbage. JuZsi^ "^Aj : The main part of the summer or
the intense heat of the summer. jw\ : The last born of the
children. lJCUJi L^: The seat of regal power. jA^i l^u>: The
damsel of the curtain, Jalj^tf : As though they are
sheltered eggs (37:50). j£h>) (je* plural and £u&L; feminine) :
White; white in complexion. tl*h> : A calamity; a favour which
is not asked; a year of scarcity. JaJi 5"^ : Such a one is
clear or white in face; pure from faults and generous. : A
woman white in face; unsullied in honour. iUalj : A piece of
paper on which nothing is written. jcu>^ : The sword; silver.
*Ul3i : The sun because of its whiteness. jaZ$\teJS\ : The
white thread (2:188). cjtJ°M J* ■ And lo! it was white
for the beholders (7:109). jtu> IjJr JC*Ji j*j : And among the
mountains are streaks white (35:28). jeQ : whiteness; milk; the
white of an egg. jeQ^ OjJi : Sudden death.

[aor. £a inf. noun. g>\ &\j : He sold it; he bought it. The

94

primary signification of is the exchange of property. ^Ij :
A profitable buying and selling. : A buying and selling

occasioning loss. : He purchased the enjoyments

of the present world at the expense of the enjoyments of the
world to come. '■ Exchanged commodities with him.
j^^: He swore allegiance to the Amir. : The making of a
covenant as though each of the two parties sold what one had
to the other and gave him his own special property and his
obedience and all that pertained to his case. ahUJb gj> : He had
the oath of allegiance made to him as being Khalifa. ajCj : (1)
Striking together of the hands of two contracting parties in
token of the ratification of a sale; (2) the act of swearing
allegiance or obedience. a*L (^j plural) : (1) A place of worship
of the Christians; (2) a synagogue of the Jews, gjj c-»l^
■LrLlij o'jl^j : There would certainly have been pulled down
cloisters and churches and synagogues and mosques (22:41). 5]
SJJi UjI ^JJi : Surely, those who swear allegiance to

thee, swear allegiance to Allah (48:11). 'j^'j And

have witnesses when you sell one to another (2:283). aJJi J^-i
Allah has made trade lawful (2:276). g£ : A buyer; a seller.

[aor. jl* inf. noun j£] : (1) It became separated or severed from
a thing; (2) he separated himself or withdrew to a distance; (3)
it was or became untied. & (inf. noun UC and uCj) : It was
or became distinct, manifest, evident, plain, clear, perspicuous;
it was or became known. & : The truth became manifest or
became known. He cut the thing, separated it and severed it.

aj'j& : He smote him and severed his head tJuJ: °j» (from
his body), am <jty : He married his daughter and she went to her
husband. jUl signifies also: (1) He spoke or wrote clearly,
plainly or with eloquence; (2) he made it clear \ U : (1) How
distinct, apparent, manifest, clear, evident, plain is it; (2) how
perspicuous or chaste or eloquent is he in speech or writing,
jl* (act. part noun) : (1) Separating, severing, disuniting; (2) he
or it that cuts; separates, disunites; clear, manifest, evident,
perspicuous, eloquent, plain; he or it that makes plain, clear,

95

manifest, perspicuous etc. '■ (1) An open enemy; (2)

clear enemy; (3) enemy that separates or disunites (2:169).
5^ : (1) A Book that makes manifest all that is required to be
known; (2) a clear, perspicuous Book (12:2); (3) a book that
makes things clear; (4) a book that separates truth from
falsehood; (5) a book whose blessings are made manifest.
jj> o^-h : With a clear and manifest proof (14: 11). ^L^Ji J> y>
"J* ; Who is not fluent or eloquent in disputation (43:19).
^J> ^UU U4»l : They both lie on a manifest way (15:80). °J>
J*ff*\ : We have recorded it in a perspicuous Book (36:13). j£
(inf. noun): (1) The means by which one makes a thing clear,
plain, manifest, evident and perspicuous; (2) perspicuity,
clearness, chasteness or eloquence of speech or language; (3)
perspicuity of speech with quickness of intellect; (4)
pespicuous, chaste or eloquent speech explaining clearly what
is in the mind; (5) verbosity or extravagance in speech.
j*\m : This is a clear demonstration (of truth) to people (3:139).
L;Cj LIU ,jl p : Then upon Us is the expounding (explaining
clearly) thereof. Lis- o^-J^i : He (God) created man and
taught him speech, eloquent speech, whereby he could
discriminate and thus be distinguished from other creatures, or
that speech whereby he is distinguished from other creation
(55:3). VjtS\'£> : The thing became clear, manifest, plain,
apparent, i^iil £ : He made the thing clear, manifest, etc. b£ ol
cJj}i\ : Indeed, We have made the things manifest or clear for
you (3:119). k£ (plural £u£) : (1) An evidence; (2) an
indication; (3) a demonstration, a proof; (4) a manifest sign or
clear argument, j&j °J* h£ o s-Uf Xsi : There has come to you
indeed a clear evidence from your Lord. oLj oGT : (1) Distinct
signs; (2) apparent signs (3) manifest, clear, perspicuous signs.
j£ : Clear, manifest, jli ^\iaLL> : A clear authority (18:16). j«J
^*Jl j* jiijji : Right has become distinct from error or wrong
(2:257). j£j : He ascertained the truth of the thing; he
made the thing clear. \j£~b ^ * jl : If a wicked person

brings you any news, ascertain the truth. (49:7) LAj : He left

96

him. £^iJ< '■ The thing became clear, manifest. jL* (act.
part.): Clear, manifest, ^loh£Jl : (1) Clear book; (2) the
Book that made things clear. (12:2). J£\ <£>\s : Discord, enmity,
rancour, hatred. It also means union, concord, friendship.
j&£> d)\'i lyLUsli (1) So reform your corrupt state or allay your
hatred or enmity or (2) so improve the state of love or concord
between you, or (3) set things right among yourselves (8:2). &j
also means distance, between, amidst, among, ^jlj* : Full
grown between the two (2:69). £ 'J~> ll» : This is between good
and bad i.e. neither too good nor too bad. J£ °J* oU&w : For
him are angels before him (13:12). and Ulli : While or
whilst. (X> U2j : Whilst we were thus. : Clear, manifest
(act. part from j5 ; its plural is y^Xit^ : Clear or

flagrant evil (4:20). c^> 9^ l3jJ» & Indeed' We have revealed
clear Signs (24:47).

97

X ♦ ♦

CJ

Numerical Value = 400

99

s.li)l The third letter of alphabet called tLs (Taaun). Added at the
beginning of a noun, it is preposition governing the gen. case,
significant of swearing and denoting wonder; it is peculiarly
prefixed to the name tifi according to general usage. ^
jiSwoL^i : By Allah, I will certainly plan against your idols
(21:58). Added at the end of a noun, it is a particle of
allocation. It is added in the beginning of the second person of
the future. It is also added as a sign of the fern, gender in the
beginning of the future. It is also added in the beginning of the
third person (fern.) of the aorist used as an imperative as a sign
of the fern, gender. Sometimes it is added in the beginning of
the second person of the aorist, used as an imperative as a
particle of allocation. It is used also for &JUi (intensification) as
in a^SU or iil|4. U feminine of 'i : This and that; a noun of
indication, denoting that which is female or feminine; the dual

is and the plural s-Vjt. 54^" J?" J** - V^J 1 cfi Olj : If

they be with child until they are delivered of their burden

(65:7). Ia is prefixed to it to give notice of what is about to be
said so that one says tfti : ("this") as in "^h tfii : This is such a
woman; and in the dual <jtiU or jlsli as in jls!a JgsJi ^jJ-\ : one
daughter of mine of these two (28:28). And in the plural *Slj!» as
in ftSl > J\ \ij frSl> J\ \i : Neither towards these nor to those
(4:144). When it is used in addressing another person ^ is
added as a particle of allocation as in and meaning
"that". c-U oi l_£L": "These" or "those" are a people that have
passed away (2:135).

c-J [aor. Cm and 4^ inf. noun and Cj and CLs] l^lS\ Cj : He
cut off the thing. uSte Cj : He destroyed such a one. iS :
Perdition be his lot; may God decree to him loss or perdition ;
may he perish, ^ ^ : Perished be the two hands of Abu
Lahab; may the two hands suffer loss, be lost or perish (111:2).
\sj^t (J^J i iS : Perdition cleave thee, is it for this that thou
collected us and kept us? oCj^i iJi jjf)? Uj : And the plan of
Pharoah ended in ruin. (40:38). k-4~* 'js- (UjiljUj : And thy
added to them naught but perdition (11:102). 44~>j 4>£: Loss,

101

ruin; perdition; diminution. Cj : He became an old man. bU duT
C\j di'j^ai : I was a young man and I have become an old man.

j*3 [aor. 'jfi and '^u inf. noun jUj] and j£ [aor. ^4] : He or it
perished. e'Js (inf. noun jls?) : He broke it into pieces; he
destroyed it; (God) destroyed him. jUi : Perdition; destruction.

: Broken-up and destroyed. tj\j : A counsel brought to
nought. l^sJ Ijlptf Ijj&Jj : To destroy completely all that they
conquered. IjUjUI ^IJUaJl fjiSlj : And Thou increase not the
wrong-doers save in destruction (71:29). *li ^ U ^ : Destroyed
will be all that they are engaged in (7: 140).

£•2 [aor. inf. noun and ^Jl] : He followed him; he walked
behind or after him. : He followed him; he went after him
and overtook him; he made him to be a follower or he induced
him to be his follower; he made him to follow; he sought him.

: Who followed My guidance (2:39). gAj :

And follows the religion of Abraham (4:126). £~» gs\ p : Then
he followed another way (18:93). <jjf)a : So

Pharaoh followed them with his hosts and almost overtook
them (10:91). % L» l> h°y>ft Si ft : Then they do not make
taunt or injury to follow that which they have spent (2:263).
k*j dlil oX» ij^sij : And curse was made to follow them in this
world (11:61). £jU (plural and and jj*^ and j&ity :
Following; a follower. CJ1 T* : Thou art not following

their Qibla (2:146). aJjV' Jjj£cM>& j' : Or such of followers
(male- attendants) as have no sexual appetites (24:32). £j
(singular and plural both) when singular, its plural is It is
also quasi-plural - noun of ^UV^J^La«JI : The person
praying is a follower of his Imam. & £J J-Ull : The people are his
followers. £s{j3 lit : Surely, we were your followers (40:48).

: One who prosecutes or sues; an aider especially against an
enemy. l*li<o Llip ^ IjJL?«jS| ^ : Then you will find no helper for
yourselves against Us (17:70). £>" : It was or became
consecutive, successive or uninterrupted. £>bJ : The people
followed one another. gQ> : Consecutive, successive,

102

j* 3

uninterrupted. Jl'j&> ^Cas : So fasting for two successive

months (4:93). £j] (inf. noun ^Lil) : He followed; he went after
him. (act. part, n.) and ^ (pass, part.n.). <5j*^ (plural of
^ai). j^juw^l : You will be followed. t-JjyUJb ^LJli (following):
So the pursuing of the matter shall be done with fairness
(2:179).

[aor 'j^k inf. noun : He trafficked, traded; he employed

money for gain; he sold and bought, ajt^i : Traffic; trade;
merchandise; commerce; selling and buying; investing money
for gain. l'$*3 'j*3 ; He did a profitable business. °<p&&* c-^jj Ui :
But their traffic brought them no gain (2: 17).

CUsti [cont. of Jjl] : Below, beneath, under. cAj °y> iuf : He came
from below, lift cJo lift : This is beneath, below or under this.
cJ^i\ singular of o)*-Ji and signifies the low, base, vile or
ignoble person. It is said in a tradition. Oj^wJr^kf^ JptlJl ^ j2jS|
J^p^ji : The Hour of Resurrection shall not come to pass

until the poor people get the upper hand and the rich or noble
perish. '±0S %ki°jAij, £j : Beneath which rivers flow (2:26).

O y [aor. inf.noun oy" and aj^ 0 ] : (1) It (a thing) became dusty;
(2) it (a place) abounded with dust; (3) he had dust or earth in
his hand; (4) he became so poor that he clove to the dust or
earth; (5)he suffered loss and became poor so that he clove to
the earth; (6)his wealth became little. Ct'jft and 6) : He became
rich and he became poor (having cont. meaning). <J'jft \*jJu*Jj:
He became poor after he had been rich. dJ y ^jJi oil
l^I& : You should have a woman of religion, may thou be
successful (a tradition). <l>\js : Dust; earth. & '■ May he have
disappointment, oly °y> ; He (God) created him from earth
or out of dust (3:60). 40? (plural 4 J, j J 0 : One born at the same
time with another; a contemporary in birth; an equal in age; an
equal; a match; a peer or compeer. <1>\'J\ or <l>\jS\ j» : They are
equal in age. $yl C'j* : Loving, of same age (56:38). X>°j :The
earth, dust; a grave; a cemetery. (singular X^js) :
Breastbones; four ribs of the right side of the chest and four of

103

the left thereof; uppermost parts of the human breast beneath
the chin. s-^sJlj cJJi!' °j* %J/h : That flows out from between
the loins and breast (86:8). : Leaving to the earth on
account of poverty; poverty or neediness. X>jt* li : Poor; so poor
as to have been reduced to dust or to have cloven to earth, jt
Xt'jiA \h UlSyl? : Or a poor man lying in the dust (90:17).

<3 j3 [aor. 3^ inf. noun *3y] : He led a life of ease and plenty; it (a
plant) was or became luxuriant or flourishing. &J\ : He
persevered in or persisted in or resolved upon transgression or
deviation from the right way. JUJi tiysi : Wealth made him to
behave proudly, to be greatly disobedient or rebellious, or to be
extravagant in acts of disobedience; wealth made him to lead a
life of ease and comfort. <3 J\ : He was afforded ease and
plenty. &jj> (act. part. n.)<5Ar« and c£j* plural : (1) One
enjoying a life of ease and plenty; (2) one who indulges himself
greatly in the pleasures of this life; (3) one who has been given
means of subsistence in plenty -a wealthy man; (4) one who
exults excessively and behaves proudly on account of wealth.

\>°y\ : We commanded its wealthy people or worst of its
chiefs and the leaders in evil (17:17). See also (11:117) and
(23:34).

t_ £ y [aor. ^Sju inf. noun <l£°y] : (1) He left it, abandoned it,
forsook it or quitted it intentionally and under constraint or by
necessity; (2) he left it (aplace) or departed from it; (3) he left
him, abandoned him, relinquished him, deserted him and
separated himself from him; (4) he discarded it (athing), threw
it away as of no account; (5) he left it alone; (6) he neglected it,
omitted it or left it undone. Jfy also means, he caused or
rendered it. \'J^ jl : If he leaves behind wealth (2:181). °J\
0 lu cSjj : I have given up (abandoned) the religion of the
people. jup Jusji l£"y : We left Joseph with our things
(12:18). ^J'y\'n : And leave the sea at a time when it is

motionless (44:25). IjS^sj $ ^sLJ- f\ : Do you think that you will
be left alone (9:16) JJp (act. part. n. and i>£ p plural and

104

obj. case). l~$Jl Uj : And we are not going to forsake

our gods (11:54). (When used as ciUw the j is omitted.) l_xU)
OjU : And that thou perhaps art going to abandon (11:13).

[aor. £*4 and ^4 inf. noun ^J] : He became the ninth of
them. ajUj (fem. is ^J) : Applied to denote a number (nine).
jUfj iilj : Nine men. VyLi ^Ls : Nine women. <Sj*^i : Ninety.

iglip : Over it are nineteen (74:31). <5j*-^j :
Ninety nine ewes (38:24).

J^*J [aor. J~*4 inf. noun J~*J] and j~*J [aor. : He stumbled and
fell upon his face; he missed his proof in litigation and the
object of his search in seeking; he perished; he became far
removed; he became degraded. aJ [Iks : May he fall never to rise;
may he perish; may ruin cleave to him; may he be degraded.
p$ CJu ; Ruin is for them (47:9). iUi *~Jo : God destroyed him;
degraded him; made him to fall on his face. J~*J : Ruin;
degradation; mischief; evil.

<^*i2 [aor. inf. noun diJ] : He abstained from shaving his pubes
etc. and in consequence became dirty. d^J : Dirtiness; one of
the rites of the pilgrimage; it signifies shaving of the hair of
head, clipping the moustache, paring the nails and shaving the
pubes etc. : He removed his dirtiness; he did the needful

acts of cleansing (in pilgrimage). p$is ijjaib p ; Then let them
accomplish their needful acts of cleansing (22:30).

j£j \°j£s : They watered their land that it might become good, i&fl
(inf. noun jtfil) : He made it or rendered it firm, stable, strong,
solid, sound, free from defect; he settled or created or
constructed it firmly, solidly; he put on a solid, sound or firm
footing. j^A Jf ^ : He (God) created everything perfectly
(27:89).

JJ [aor. J4 inf. noun Jj] aIj : He threw him down; he threw him
down on his neck, cheek or forehead. iluJi Jj : He made the
she-camel to lie down upon his breast; he threw it upon the
ground. >Lll J> J^Jl Jj : He lowered the rope into the well. J?

105

: The side of his forehead sweated. &\ Ji : He supplicated
humbly to him. jl^U <&> : He prostrated him on the ground on
his forehead (37:104).

It is a demonstrative pronoun used to indicate something
distant, otx£)l oiiT i_£b : These are the verses of the Book
(10:2).

[aor. j& inf. noun jIj] : I followed or went after him or it.
l$i> lil jiiJij : And by the moon when it (the moon) follows it
(the sun) (91:3). uS\i lj& j* : He follows such a one in action; he
imitates him. Jj^i o)Aj : I drove the camels ^ [aor. j&
inf. noun SjSte] : He read, rehearsed, recited the book; he
followed it and did according to it. ^CiSi I j& U j : (1) They
follow what the Satan related; (2) they pursue the course which
the rebellious men followed (2:103). L&tfl ijls* : Who may
recite to them Thy Signs (2:130). ajSto : Reading, rehearsing,
reciting, relating. tfjSto j£ : They read it as it ought to be
read; they follow it as it ought to be followed. aJu (fern, of
or 'Jte act. part, n) : She that follows; she that reads or recites.
\j>s oOlsJti (oUt? plural) : Those who recite or read out
discourse on religion (37:4). jTyill ^ : He read or perused or he
recited the Qur'an; he followed it or did according to it by
reading or by conforming to it.

p> [aor. (ta inf. noun f»Ui or f»Ui] i^sJl £i : The thing was or became
complete, entire, whole or full on without or free from
deficiency. Sometimes it also means, the thing was or became
perfect. <u^ oiiU ^ : Thus the period fixed by his Lord was
completed (7:143). ^V 1 J* p '■ He persevered in denial, pfi and
ili and : He completed, made entire, whole or free from
defect. ^s- Iftfl lif : As He completed it on thy two

forefathers (12:7) c-Uj \ : I have completed My favour
upon you (5:4). ^»Uj : Being complete or perfect; the
comlpement of a thing or its supplement. ^ Uj *y>& : A full moon.

= ^Ui : Complete, entire, whole, full, free from defect. UUj
jJ^-I <^JJl (inf. noun) : completing the favour puon him who

106

did good (6:155). ^ (act. part. n. from £i1 and inf. noun (»Uj|) :
He who completes or makes whole or entire or perfect. ^ iijij
fljjj : And Allah will perfect His light (61:9) f»Ui or :
Complement or supplement or a thing.

jjiJ It is derived from the root >" and means: A sort of fire-place or
oven in which bread is baked; the surface of the ground; the
highest part of the earth or ground; any place from which water
pours forth; i.e. fountain etc; a place where the water of a valley
collects; the break of the dawn. jj^Jt jli : The fountains gushed
forth (11:41)

4^ [aor. ipf. noun Ijjj and and : He returned; he
repented. J\ <J\j : He repented; he returned to God with
repentance after he was sinful or disobedient. <usi & : He
desisted from his sin and repented of it. The Holy Prophet is
reported to have said Z>y>?&\ : Repentance means returning
from sin. ?j£ & uby' : And repents thereafter (6:55). dli^Jui^li
«J£# : Holy art Thou, I turn to Thee. (7:144) j&Ji Jlnjjji :
Turn ye to your Creator (2:55). : (1) God returned to

him with mercy and acceptance of repentance; (2) God returned
to him with forgiveness; (3) God forgave him and saved him
from acts of disobedience, or accepted his repentance; (4) God
returned to him with favour and grace. J^Ji &
jUaiSlij j-L^T-lgUij : Allah has certainly turned with Mercy to the
Prophet and to the Emigrants and the Helpers (9:117). ajjS or
0/ signifies the repenting of sin: i.e. the grieving for it or
regretting it with the confession of having no excuse for the
commission thereof. ojsJl J^lij cJiJi : The Forgiver of sin
and the Acceptor of repentance (40:4) ?aU* jt- &jxJl jds j* : He
(God) accepts repentance from His servants (9:104). £46 : One
who repents of sin i.e. returns from disobedience to obedience.
(jj^U plural). jjifUll jj^UJl : Those who return to God in
repentance, who worship (9:112) Ott (fern, of £46) : A woman
who turns to God in repentance (oOtf plural). oiajLpoDu :
Those women who turn to God, who worship (66:6). <l>\ji

107

( Oj^j 3 and <y*>yjj plural), when applied to man, means one who
repents much and retuns from disobedience to obedience to
God. &>f^ &\ 5] : Surely, God loves those who returns to
Him and repent much of their sins (2:223). When applied to
God, <1>\ js means One Who returns much or often to forgiveness
towards His servants who turns to Him. o'j^'j* ^ h\ '■

Surely, God is oft-returning with compassion and is merciful
(9:104). oLi (inf. noun from otf) : Returning, olsi aX\j cifjiAli* :
In Him do I put my trust and towards Him is my return (13:31)

t o f a -

OjjIs)I (a) A chest of box as things are repeatedly taken out of it and
returned to it; (b) a coffin of bier; (c) chest of breast or bosom
or the ribs with what they contain, as the heart etc.; (d) the
heart which is the storehouse of knowledge, wisdom and peace;
(e) a boat, '^JC jl : You will have a heart wherein there

will be peace and tranquillity (2:249).

jb [aor. j}4 inf. noun jjj] *U)l jt? : The water flowed. 5jU
[originally being fljjj, j (jlj) being changed into I (JA))] : (1) A
time; (2) one time; (3) a turn; syn. iy> ; a time long or short;
syn. j^. <Jjr\ 5jU ^>Jr j*i : And from it shall We bring you
forth once more (20:56).

jajfJl (1) fig-tree;(2) fig, fresh and ripe. djH^J : By the fig and
the olive (95:2).

[aor. aIsj inf. noun \%J being syn. with «U aor : (1) He lost his
way in the desert; he missed the right way; (2) he was or
became confounded or perplexed and unable to see his right
course. «U : He looked at a thing like one confounded or
perplexed; (3) he behaved proudly or insolently; (4) his intellect
or mind became confused he perished. ^^s-'C^ j* : He
behaves proudly or conceitedly towards his people. & : A
desert or waterless desert in which one loses his way. J>
Jp'$\ : They shall wander in the land in distraction or perplexity
(5:27)

108

Numerical Value = 500

109

C~j [aor. c44 inf. noun Oj3 and oQ] : (1) It continued, lasted,
endured or remained fixed or stationary; (2) it or he was or
became permanent, firm, steady or fixed; syn. fla and j&Z>\ ; (3)
it stood as a fact; (4) it was or became or proved or established,
sound, valid, just or proper, <jl>UJb : He continued, dwelt,
remained or abode in the place. jh\ J* c~j : He kept to the
thing or affair continuously. c~3 : The matter became
established. #s> <L2 : It was proved to be obligatory on him. c-3
aJ : It was proved to be due to him. cJjj'c-jI : (1) He
established or proved a thing to be true (2) he strengthened it,
made it fresh or steady. js*Jl c-S : He strengthened or proved
the truth with clear arguments, o'ji^ 1 Jt ^ '■ He wrote his
name in the register, *4 tij : When you meet an army,
be steadfast and firm. (8:46). c-iij *Uj U Kjl jsU* : Allah effaces
what He wills and keeps established or establishes (13:40).
He made him or it fixed or stationary, rendering him or it
unable to move; he inflicted on him a wound which made him
unable to move; he imprisoned him. : They beat

him so that they rendered him motionless, <Jiijjfljx2i : They
made him fast with a bond so that he could not move, jl o jsi3
L^jiaflj : So that they might imprison thee or kill thee (8:31); or
confine thee to thy place or that they might inflict on thee a
wound by reason of which thou shouldst not be able to move.

: He made a person or thing firm, steadfast, strong or steady,
bl^ is inf. noun meaning, in order to strengthen. °y> bli? :

To strengthen their souls (2:266). {&>\j&\ c44j : And He keep or
make firm your feet (47:8). L^Sljs <u cJ&J : So that We may
strengthen thy heart therewith. (25:33). or oli (inf. noun):
(1) permanence, constancy, steadfastness, stability, firmness,
steadiness; (2) soundness, validity, reality, truth. IgJji & ^tf JjJ :
That the foot might slip after it has been firmly established
(16:95). (act. part. n. of c-j) : (1) Constant, permanent,
firm, fixed, steady, steadfast; (2) standing or holding good; (3)
sound, real, substantial, true, right, just, proper; (4) established
or proved. c~)tf Jj3 : A sound, valid, true, proper word. JjiJb

111

Cj^' : With the word of which the truth is firmly established
(14:28).

J$ [aor. ^1 or inf. noun *p\ «^ : (1) He drove him away,
repelled him, banished him; (2) he disappointed or frustrated
his hope or desire; (3) he cursed him; (4) he confined,
restrained or withheld him or prevented him; he destroyed him.
>*3i : The sea ebbed. l_Su*-U>- ^ <J'j$ U : What prevented thee
from thy want. [aor. inf. noun : Also means (in
addition to the above meanings), he perished; he suffered loss;
he erred; he became lost. tj2 : (God) destroyed him with a
destruction from which he could not rise. jj£ : Perdition; loss;
going astray or becoming lost; woe; destruction from which
there is no rising again. lJ&La : They will wish for
destruction there (25:14). jj^ : Overcome, withheld or
prevented from attaining what is good; driven away; expelled;
banished; outcast; punished; cursed; accused; made to suffer
loss or to err, to go astray or to perish. I jj& jjf^t* uiuH °J\ : I
am certain, O Pharaoh, that you are lost or ruined (17: 103).

JaJ [aor. inf. noun Ja£] : He was or became stupid or weak in
his work or action; he was or became heavy, sluggish or slow.
yfii\ jetks or j>i\ : (1) He hindered, prevented or

withheld him and retarded him from doing the thing; (2) he
diverted him from it by occupying him otherwise; (3) he
prevented him from doing it by inducing him to be cowardly
and weak-hearted. Jal^ signifies one's turning a man back or
away from a thing that he would do or one's intervening as an
obstacle between a man and a thing that he desires. ^Uji IlJl a j>
: God hated that they should march forth, so He kept them
back (or prevented them from doing so) (9:46). i&i : stupid in
his work or action; weak; heavy, sluggish or slow.

^g? or j3 [aor. inf. noun Q] i^iJl J$ : He collected the thing.

JUJi : He kept, preserved, guarded or took care of the
property.^' J$ : He kept perseveringly to the affair. Jjt^JI J$ :
He praised the man much; he praised him time after time in his

112

5? ^

life time. O (plural oC) : (1) A company of men; (2) a distinct
body or company of men; (3) a company in a state of separation
or dispersion; (4) a troop of horsemen; (5) the middle of a tank;
(6) the place where the water collects in a valley or low ground.
oC5 : Then go forth in separate companies (4:72).

[aor. y>„ inf. noun l*i and £ j&] iuil £s : The water flowed; it
poured forth vehemently or much. or £)*j : Water or rain
pouring forth vehemently or flowing much, applied to water,
rain or blood. £t£* i'j^> j £t*J his- fyi : The rain of such a one
pours forth vehemently. And his sea is noisy i.e. he is abundant
in bounty. l<» c>V r a*il\ ^> uljji : We sent down from the
clouds water pouring forth vehemently (78:15).

lf£ and [aor. t/cu inf. noun fcjstf and and Laji] : It was or
became thick, big or gross, it was or became firm, stiff or
strong; it became thick or dense. : He rendered it thick,
coarse, strong, dense, firm etc; he or it weakened him or
enervated him. : He beat him much or excessively. : I
weakened him by causing wound to him. y?i\ Jt'cf^^ '■ He
exerted himself vigorously in the affair. jl*Ji J> : He made a
great slaughter among the enemy. Je'fi} j> : He made a
great slaughter in the land. lij j»- : So when you have

weakened them by causing great slaughter among them; when
you have overcome them (47:5).

<— JjJ [aor. ^ jk m f- noun oy] 'Ay '■ (1) He stripped the beast of the fat
covering the bowels; (2) He stripped him of his garment,
<C& (inf. noun 44^) : (1) he blamed him; (2) he blamed him or
reproached him; (3) he upbraided him or reproached him with
or for his offence or crime and reminded him thereof; (4) he
reproached him and showed him his deed to be foul or
abominable. CJj* being inf. noun possesses all the
above-mentioned meanings i.e. removing the fat from over the
bowels; the act of blaming or reproving for an offence; severe
upbraiding that takes away brightness of countenance;
reminding a man of his offences; exposing the foulness of the

113

man's deeds to him. CijS ^ : No evil shall come upon you;
no blame shall lie upon you; your crimes shall not be
mentioned to you (12:93).

(S y [aor. cs>l inf. noun ij'j] j>°/i\ cJj : The earth became moist and
soft after drought and dryness. ij°J : Moisture; humidity of the
earth; moist earth. that is not moist is not called ijy ; moist
earth which when moistened does not become cohesive mud or
clay, good; anything good. <Jj&\ : Such a one is a

person from whom good is easy of attainment; fresh and
vigorous friendship, kljj j£ j~Q ^ : The fresh and
vigorous friendship between me and him has not dried up.

<4-* [aor. inf. noun 0] : He gave vent to it. iUil C*> : He
made the water flow. 5^ : A kind of long serpent; a great
serpent both male and female, but particularly male; serpent in
general whether great or small or male or female. ^J> jUiS ^ ^
: Behold, it was a serpent clearly visible (7: 108).

c-Js? [aor. Cik inf. noun £&] CJj : He made a small hole in the
thing; he bore or pierced it. ±Sj£S\ C£> : The star shone brightly
as though it pierced through the darkness. jL)1 c~S : The fire
burned brightly, iilj CJj : His judgement was penetrating. £3ti •
A star, a lamp, fire, a flame or fire or a shooting star shining
brightly as though piercing through the darkness and dispelling
it. aJiiaiu : A she-camel having much milk, £Jti<j>\j : A
penetrating judgement. CJti : Exalted or famous pedigree.
CLS\ ^Ul iLM j*j : We are most famous or exalted among the
people as regards pedigree. '■ The star shining brightly

as if piercing through the darkness by its light; the star or
asterism that is high above the other; the planet Saturn (86:4).

cAflS [aor. u&k inf. noun Ui£] : He became skilled or skilful; he
became quick or sharp; he was or became intelligent or
sagacious. dJj^J' cJsi : I understood the tradition quickly. :
(1) He perceived it or attained it by deed or by knowledge; (2)
he reached him; (3) he found him; (4) he overtook him; (5) he
gained mastery over him, (6) he overcame him or got

114

possession of him; (7) he pierced him. ^j^iS dJ£ ^j^'j : And
slay them wherever you find (overtake, overcome etc.) them
(2:192).

Jij [aor. JJ& inf. noun ji? and ji] : (l)It (a thing) was or became
heavy, weighty or ponderous; (2)it was or became heavy,
weighty or preponderant ideally. *4jlj* ei& : As for those
whose scales (good deeds) shall be preponderant (heavy) (7:9);
(3) it was or became heavy or weighty as meaning onerous,
oppressive or grievous. Jfifoj oj^JJl J> cJM : It (the time of the
Resurrection) will be momentous or formidable to the
(inhabitants of the) heavens and the earth (7:188). Ji* also
means: (l)He was or became heavy, slow, lazy, wanting in
activity, agility or intelligence: (2) he became stupid. &s- JiJ : It
became oppressive to him. ku— > JiS : His hearing became heavy,
i.e. he became partially deaf. Jeu^ jii : The disease of the
patient became more oppressive or severe. cJUbl ji ai^Ji els :
Her pregnancy became apparent, dlil J\ jib'] : He was inclined
towards the worldly things. Jp°^ Jsjp^is : You inclined heavily
to the earth; became heavy and sluggish and inclined towards
the earth, unwilling to fight (9:38). aLBI : He overburdened him.
di^i : The woman became heavy i.e. her pregnancy became
manifest. JiS : (1) Household goods; (2) luggage of traveller;
(3)anything held in high estimation, in much demand and
preserved with care, jlii&i p& 3jU J>\ : I am leaving among
you two things much sought-after or two objects of high
estimation. : Two people, mankind and the jinn.
Jli&i^ : Soon We shall attend to you, O two big groups
(55:32). Jib : (1) Heaviness; (2) weight (3) a load or burden
(JUS! plural). : They carry your loads (16:8). Jl£' also

means: (1) the treasures or buried treasures of the earth; (2) its
dead. l$JU2i c^ry^j : And the earth shall bring forth its

treasures (99:3). Jlilfl also means burdens, figuratively sins.

*ju*2j : And they shall carry their burdens or burdens of
sins or sins (29:14). Jl£ : (1) Heavy, weighty or ponderous; (2)
weighty in the sense of onerous, oppressive, momentous or

115

formidable (applied to an ideal thing). J1& Jji : A weighty or
momentous saying. %£ VjS Lit : We shall charge thee

with a weighty Word (73:6). J4# (1) Applied to a man of
means, stupid; (2) suffering from a violent disease; (3)
unwelcome. (L_SoU~br ^s- Jl£ c-ii) : Thou art unwelcome to thy
companions; (4) grave, staid, calm and steady (plural J^). ij^l
•jUSj ilub*- : (1) Go forth light and heavy; (2) prompt and
sluggishly; (3) riding and walking; (4) lightly armed and
heavily armed; (5) strong and weak etc. (9:41). jiii
plural and Uk£ feminine) : Heavily burdened or overburdened;
weighed down or oppressed. is a woman whose pregnancy
has become apparent. l$l^>- ^\ {Jx <S>j : And if a heavily
burdened soul call another to bear its load (35:19) ^ °y> ^
ti°J&> : So that they are being weighed down with a load of debt
(52:41). Jtik? : Weight; a thing with which one weighs; a
certain weight such as dirhem or a part thereof; a certain coin
i.e. jUji. flji J lit? '^u H : He (God) wrongs not any one even by
the weight of an atom (4:41).

Jj [aor. Jew inf. noun and *>Uj] : He put back the earth into a
grave; he poured forth pieces of money after digging it; he
demolished a thing. fa>°J- ^ ji : God destroyed their dominion;
God caused their power to depart, itf : A party of men, a
company of men, a large number of men, a numerous company.
lUsJi j aJ&i £ jyjj'i i^h : Such a one does not distinguish between
a flock of sheep and a company of men. 0**^3 eft '■
A large number from among the early Muslims and a large
number from among the latter (56:40,41).

£J5 [aor. inf. noun tili] i^lii di$ : He took a third of the thing.
JjH\ £M : He made the two three with himself. &tf : three and
three; Three and three together; three at a time and three at a
time. dStfj ^ tl-Ji & ji>3 oik U : Then marry of

women as my be agreeable to you, two or three or four (4:4).
a5Su : Three (feminine ^Stf). Jbrj aj Stf : Three men. 3j-IJ d^S^i :
Three women. AjS\i(»Cf j : Then to fast for three days. JU ^Su

116

£ 0^

Ijj~> : Three nights successively (or full) (19:11). dJtf : one
of three. dJtf aJJI 5j (d-Stf meaning third) : That God is one of
three (5:74). h°P& and $W : Thirty. ti$ $X ul*j : We
made Moses a promise of thirty nights (7:143). k'U ifj*^ :
Three hundred years (18:26). : A third; a third part or
portion, jtstf : Two thirds. ilisJl ^ : They are all equal

partners in one third (4:13). : For these two are two

thirds (4:177).

j»J [aor. ft inf. noun p] : He repaired it. : There; yonder; syn.
^-Tui ; a noun of indication denoting a place that is remote from
the speaker like as denotes that which is near or denoting a
place other than that of the speaker. *JJ1 i£j (3 ijJjJ : So
whither so-ever you turn, there is the face of Allah (2:116). p :
Then i.e., afterward or afterwards; a particle or conjunction
denoting order and a delay: ^ p : Then He returned to
them with forgiveness (9:118). This particle is also used in the
sense of j (and), as in jjki* ^ J* Kf*> ^ p ■ And God is witness
to what they do (10:47).

j^j [aor. y&„ inf. noun jj^j and yJ^] j^j jl j^jI : The tree
put forth its fruit or put forth its fruit yet unripe or began to put
forth its fruit or bore fruit, j^i : It (a man's wealth) became
abundant. y£ : The fruit of trees; several kinds of fruits; the
fruit which a tree produces whether it is eaten or not eaten;
property or wealth increased and multiplied; gold and silver;
trees or shrubs (plural jUil). l'y£ : A tree or shrub; a child or
son; progeny or offspring; profit (plural oi^j). hjij c-*ki : His
power of procreating was cut off or his appetite for sexual
intercourse. JU Sj^j : The increase of property, lil tj*> J] \j'J>i\
'j$ : Look to its fruit when it bears fruit (6:100). & 0* jj ^
Whenever they are given a fruit therefrom (2:26). ^jj'j
cj\jii}\ : And provide them with fruits (14:38). t\^S»^S> \ A tree
full of fruit. t\ jij ji* : Fruitful intellect (Opposed to pj& ji* : A
barren intellect).

[aor. j^k inf. noun '■ He took the eighth of their goods

117

or property. [aor. j*Zj\ : He was or became the eighth of
them or he made them, with himself, eight; he made them, they
being seventy-nine, to be eighty. ^ [&A„ or : It was or
became precious, costly. j*S : The price of a thing i.e. the thing
that the seller receives in return for the thing sold, whether
money or a commodity; a compensation or substitute, whatever
it be, for a thing (plural jUi). <>^ : High-priced; very valuable
or precious. Lui ^Jlib ij^Jb V j : And barter not my Signs for
a petty price (2:42). : An eighth; an eighth part or portion.
jisJl : And for them is an eighth (4:13). jj 3 ^ and j^Ui :
Eighty, allf j^Ui (iijibrii : Flog them eighty stripes (24:5). <>? b * :
Eighth. : And eighth is their dog (18:23). <>;Ui and

: Eight, i^r^ 0' cr* : Provided thou serve me

eight years (28:28). ^ijjlijUi : Eight mates (6:144).

^ [aor. ^ inf. noun ^] t^isJl ^sJ : He folded the thing or doubled
it; he bent it; he turned one part of it upon another. j£ l&j
AafUJ- : He turned Zaid away or back from his want or his
course. -wis* ^jU : Turning his side (22:10). Jj'j'JH ^ : He turned
over the ground twice for sowing or cultivating, also means,
he made eleven to be twelve. sjl> ^ : He folded his breast and
concealed in it enmity and hatred, ^jjii <5j4 $\ ^ '■ Surely,
they fold up their breasts or bosoms to conceal what is therein.
(11:6) (inf. noun xJs) ; He made it two or called it two; he
repeated it. ^ : He praised him; he spoke ill of him. iQ> :
Praise and dispraise; eulogy and condemnation. sLii^l : He
excepted it or excluded it. He said iiJl *U> jl i.e. if God wills it.

Sfj : And they make no exception by saying, "If God
pleases" (68:19). ^ '■ Doubling or folding or turning. It also
means second. ^ \X* : This is the second of this. J£\ ^tf :
Second of the two. jUJi J> Ui il : When they were both in the
cave (9:40). juil and and bit and j£\ and ^1 : All mean
two or the double of tyj. \'j&> j-i* l2l : Twelve months (9:36).
Ci ^Ap ^tfl ^ : And We raised among them twelve leaders
(5:13). jlsil 3jJ iUJ jT jti : If they are all women more than two
(4:12). j&a = (jbll jull i.e. two and two; two and two together; or

118

two at a time and two at a time. ^ lj : They came two and
two. Jsi« Jsi« S'jUj : The Prayer of the night is two rak'ats and
two rak'ats. isstfi 1 ^ : The repeating of a benefit, olis^ lj*x&U
^jifti s-L-Ji ja : Then marry of women as may be agreeable to
you, two (at a time) (4:4). ^ or ^ts* is plural of <yi» signifying
a place of doubling or folding. ^i&Jl signifies the first Surah
(a^jliji) of the Holy Qur'an because it is repeated in every rak'at
of the prayer or because it contains praises of God. It also
signifies the Holy Qur'an altogether or the verses of the Holy
Qur'an. ^jteJl & lITuIjI JLiJj : And We have indeed given thee
the seven oft-repeated verses (15:88). ikaljil ^ts* : The bends of
the valley. t^iJl ^t** : The powers and capacities of a thing. IjUT
^3US 1#Um : A Book consistent by repeating its injunctions
(39:24).

[aor. inf. noun oj*] (Jji J] : He returned from
disobedience to obedience to God): He returned to a state of
vigilance or health or soundness. Ja^it ott : He became
convalescent. *1& a$\ : His reason returned to him. J-lJl 4^ :
The people collected themselves and came. *UJl : The water
collected in the pond. J*jA!' ^ : The pond became full or
nearly full. JUil ^ : The property became abundant and
collected, o^ 1 4^ '■ The dust rose and diffused itself and
became abundant. J^Ji <JUI : His health returned to him. C>$\
J4-^I : He requited, recompensed, compensated or rewarded
him. : He sewed the garment second time. ^y :

The caller repeated his call by making a sign with a ^°y i.e.
garment, '^y : He requited, compensated, recompensed him and
rewarded him. C J \**sk : He (God) rewarded them with a
victory that was near (48:19). jUS3ioj*J* : Have the
disbelievers been rewarded or recompensed for what they had
been doing (83:37). Cj\y and and : A recompense,
compensation, requital or reward for good or evil; honey; rain
(the good that comes from clouds); bees (because they return to
their hives). ^J-* °J* : A reward from Allah (3: 196). °J* &°J*1
aJJi-up : The reward from Allah (2:104). i& : A place to which

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people return time after time; a place where people gather after
they have dispersed; an abode; a house; a tent is also
sometimes called a /Jl : The place where the water of
the well collects; the place where the hunter puts his snare, ojj :
A garment, (plural uQ) : Garments; curtains of the house, jl*?
Jji uili; : He clung to the curtains of the house of God. :
Weapons; the wearer's body or self; works of a man. ji-^
ja : Withdraw or separate thyself from me. J> c-liil h\
Lgli OjXJ jA\ 4jD : The dead will be raised in his garments in
which he dies; according to the works with which his life
ended. It is also used for heart of a person. °j$ai JSuQ : Purify
thy garments; purify thy heart; rectify thy conduct. ^& ^ :
Such a one is pure in heart, conduct or reputation, oliii Jji :
Vicious or perfidious. <5j*-itJ ^ : When you put off your
clothes (24:59).

jtf [aor. jjJu inf. noun jjj] jl^Ji jtf : The dust became stirred up and
spread or rose and appeared. jl^Ajl >' : The smoke rose. it^Jt jtf :
The locust appeared. &\'$ : He sprang towards him; he
attacked him. iUJi ]ti : The water gushed forth. ^44^ :
Discord rose between them, ilai ojli : He felt like vomiting.

: He raised, roused, stirred up him or it. jti : He tilled
the land; cultivated it by ploughing and sowing. je°j*2\ 'Jz> JjJ i *i :
Not broken into plough the earth (2:72). C\^> 'Jzi : So they
raise a cloud (30:49). 1*2; <u Ci'jfii : So they raise the dust with it
(100:5).

cSjJ [aor. ij & inf. noun l\y and i£*y*\ '■ He remained,

stayed, dwelt in the place; he stayed or dwelt long; he alighted
and stayed in the place; he settled in the place, ijy : He was
buried. J*^Ji <jy : The man died. <jj : A guest; a captive; a
chamber or house. : A place where one remains, stays,
dwells or abides. ^JuJ\ ^ j\ ^JuJ\ y\ : The master or mistress of
the house or tent. j^-KIaJl <jj& ^ : Evil is the abode of the
wrong doers (3:152). jtf : A stranger remaining or remaining
long or staying or dwelling in a country or town. 5Uj cSjtf : A

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stranger who keeps to a town. It also means a man remaining in
his grave. Jit ^ euTUj : And thou wast not a dweller
among the people of Midian (28:46).

LJj \^Yj : The woman became separated from her

husband on account of his death and by divorce. (plural
: A woman who has been separated from her husband in
any manner; or a woman whose husband has died; or a woman
who has been divorced; or one that is not a virgin; or a woman
to whom a man has gone in; a man who has gone into a
woman; or a person who has married. (Applied to a man and a
woman). It is also applied to a woman who has attained the age
of puberty, though a virgin. C£ jj : A well in which water
collects, i jiiyi j oCi oUjU : Given to fasting, widows and
virgins (66:6).

121

Jim

Numerical Value = 3

123

— ; ■ ; —

j^r [aor. inf. noun and j£] : He (a bull) lowed. or ji}^:
lowing of a cow. aJJi ,J\ j\*r : He raised his voice in prayer or
supplication; he cried out or called for aid or succour; he
humbled himself to God with utmost supplication. J^jJfl Oj£ :
The herbage of the land grew tall, dj'j&i ^\ ■ Behold, They
cry for succour (23:65).

C^r [aor. inf. noun 4~^] '4* '■ He cut it, cut it off. ^jill : He
overcame the people. CJr : A well; or a well not cased with
stone or the like; a deep well; a well containing much water; a
well that is wide or ample. &r : A well-known garment (or
coat). CJ?S\ e~l* j> t$\ : Cast him into the bottom of a deep
well (12:11).

C-^Jt An idol or idols; the name of a certain idol belonging to the
Quraish of Mecca; that which is worshipped instead of God of
whatever it be; that wherein there is no good; a diviner or an
enchanter; the Devil or Satan; enchantment or magic, h'&'y.
: They believe in enchantment and the Devil (4:52).

j^r [aor. 'JJh inf. noun ^r] f£*Ji^r : He set a bone in order after it
had broken. dj'^Jr : I put the affairs of the orphan in a
proper state. y>^ <Js> t'JJ: ; He compelled him to do the thing
against his will. 'J&o : He behaved proudly or insolently; he
obtained wealth or property, oj^- : Pride; power; dignity. j£r :
One who magnifies himself; who behaves proudly; one who
slays unjustly; powerful, imperious or domineering; tyrannical;
a tyrant; refractory; extravagantly disobedient; large; tall and
strong, (plural and tyS*). j&f 4*^ : Heart that receives not
admonition. I j&r <5j& & $\ : That thou mayest be a tyrant in the
land (28:20). 'Jifer U)s l££ h\ '■ There are in it a powerful and
haughty people (5:23). jO^ 1 : One of the attributes of God
meaning, the Subduer; the Repairer; High above His creatures;
the Unattainable; the Restorer of the poor to wealth or
competence; the Compeller of His creation to do whatsoever
He willeth. j^iil jl^Ji jgifi : The Mighty, the Supreme, the
Great (59:24). yJr : A king; a slave or servant; a courageous or

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young man. Ja^r is a compound word made up of which in
Hebrew means a man or a mighty man or a hero, Jj] means
God. This word Ji} occurs in several combinations as in JJ^r
and Jl£U or J4^^ and JI*lwl. In Arabic the word means
mending a broken thing; giving a poor man so liberally as to
make him well of; a brave man. ^ also signifies " a servant".
JjI , in addition to the above mentioned derivation, may have
been derived from the word XSjV (God) or from the root JT, the
active participle from which is JjT meaning, Controller or
Ruler. So JJ^r means a servant of God; a strong and brave
servant of God; a servant of God who looks after the repairing
or reformation of the universe.

J4*r [aor. J4^r4 inf. noun J-*-] : God created him. ^ ^ :
God created him and adopted him to it. °y> CJ- ^s- ujJ^' ci~r
ifcjj : Hearts have been created with a disposition to the
love of him who does good to them. J>*i\ J£ &Jr : He compelled
him to do the thing against his will. : He became like a
mountain in bigness, thickness or roughness. J^r : Big, thick,
coarse or rough thing. U£ i\y>\ : A big, thick or coarse woman.

(plural J£r) : A mountain, any of the mountains of the earth
(lit. pegs or stakes, a term applied to the mountains because
they are supposed to make the earth firm); any long or strong
mountain; a rocky tract; any rocky elevation; a man who does
not move from his place (J-^-j* : He is like a mountain and does
not move from his place); a niggard; the lord or chief of a
people; their learned man; insurmountable obstacles; calamity
or misfortune; the echo. J-^JiIy] : Means the serpent. aSJt :
Nature; property; natural disposition; original constitution; a
nation or people; a great company of men; a generation; the
created beings. J^r : A great company of men or a company of
men; a nation; a people; a generation. J~r and *Lr are
synonymous terms. \*Jg lijj : And certainly he led

astray numerous people from among you (36:63). o^J*^ aL-Ji} :
And the former generations (26:185).

126

j-fr and j£ [aor. j^u inf. noun *JJ~\ : He became cowardly. "JJr :
Cowardice. 5^ : A coward. j~?r : The part above the temple on
the right of the forehead, and on left thereof; the side of the
forehead, from the part over against the place where the hair
falls off, to the temple on the right of the forehead and on the
left thereof; forehead. jL^JJibj : And threw him on the
forehead (37:104).

Zpr [aor. &w inf. noun t£\ : He struck him on the forehead; he
turned him back from the thing he wanted; he encountered him
with a thing he disliked. l££ (plural »£r) : The forehead or the
part of the face which is the place of prostration or the even
part which is between the eyebrows and the U (place where
the hair grows in the forepart of the head); the moon; the tenth
mansion of the moon. ^jiJi "k£Jt ; The chief of a people as fcrj
. ja i£Jr : Generous and manly and noble persons of a
people, or company of men. i^f e4^ : I experienced from
him abjectness or ignominy; a state of annoyance or
molestation; a collected number of men or horses. \^»<jj^i
(i^jarj (4*^ : Their foreheads and their sides shall be branded
(9:35).

i Jpr [aor. inf. noun J£ and a*£r and £f aor. inf. noun flj^r
and «j£r] &r : He collected the Kharaj. &r or ^ also

means he chose it; he appropriated a thing purely to himself,
exclusively of any partner. sCafl : He chose it for himself.
sCaf-l also means he invented it; he forged it; he extemporized it.
t^A d»\'j^ &\ ^Jjj : To which are collected or brought the
fruits of every thing (28:58). aJj *t**r< p : Then his Lord chose
him (20:123). H jJ ijJiij : And they say, wherefore dost

thou not forge it; wherefore hast thou not sought it or
demanded of it of God (7:204). Luf (plural : A large

watering trough in which water is collected for camels; a
water-reservoir; a company of men (34:14).

[aor. d-^j inf. noun &f] and 4Ss^-l : He pulled it up or out; he
cut it or cut it off; he uprooted it or eradicated it. te* : The

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body. <ij4 c-ss£l : Uprooted from above the earth
(14:27).'

[aor. (iss« and jis^J inf. noun (ijfcr] JlUl ^ : The night has gone
half. jilWi (issr : The bird clove to the ground or fell upon its
breast. They also use it as o'js^'j J^ 1 ■ The man or the
beast sat. f j£ in the case of a bird is like in the case of a
camel and like J-jLr in the case of a man. : Bird mounted
its female for the purpose of copulation. ft* (plural bjft* or
,>#f): A bird, a hare, a camel or a man cleaving to the ground
or falling upon his breast, j»*fl»r ^jlS ^ : They lay

prostrate upon the ground (7:79). ^ also means, extinct;
motionless; dead.

&f [aor. inf. noun ijssp and J* aor. ^4 inf. noun &4 and

Jip is£ : He sat upon his knees; he knelt; fell upon his
knees; he stood upon the extremities of his toes; he put down
his knees upon the ground and raised his buttocks, &r or J* :
A company or congregated body of men. : One sitting
upon his knees; standing upon the extremities of his toes;
simply sitting; putting his knees upon the ground and raising
his buttocks (plural J?r and J?r). Ol£ : (feminine of ^>^r). iSy
Zj\*r Z*\ : Thou will see every people sitting upon their knees
(45:29) in a upright posture, not at ease. l$J j^j :

And We will leave the wrong-doers on their knees (19:73).

jAsr- [aor. '^Jh inf. noun and Sj^r] Vs** : He denied a thing; he
disacknowledged it; he disbelieved it; he belied it. j\
&h : He denied or disacknowledged his right knowing it to be
such. »&Jr also means, he found him to be niggardly or to
possess no good, fe%* : He was or became niggardly or
possessed little good. J>jVl : The land became dry and of

no good. J^Jr : Our year was or became one of little rain.

and &Jr and : Paucity or scantiness of good; poverty.
bjik£u Jjl cj\j\> : They denied or rejected the Signs of Allah
(6:34). <5j>k*44 ffo «U*««il : Will they deny the favours of Allah
(16:72)? ^ : He prevented him from the affair.

128

[aor. inf. noun f j***-] and [aor. inf. noun and
^Jr] jUJi c-iA£ and jUi c-i^ : The fire burned; burned brightly
or fiercely, blazed or flamed. jL)i (i^f (aor. : He kindled

the fire; made it to burn or burn brightly or fiercely, £A\ f**r
means, he opened the eye. : A fire burning or blazing or
flaming vehemently or having many live coals and flaming
much; any great fire in a pit, a vehemently hot place. :
One of the names of Hell or the Fire of Hell. (•4*^ J> :
And cast him into the Fire (37:98). U^Uf jU : Fire of great heat.
U*-Uf 5^ : Eye fixed open.

J^T [aor. 1^4 inf. noun s-^-iJl &r : He cut it off. Ijjj j£ : He cut off
a piece of cloth. J^Ji If : He cut off the fruit of the palm-trees.
^ j2ll l£ : The people became great. l£ [aor. 1^4 inf. noun fll^-] :
The thing was new (as though newly cut off from the web), lif :
He was or became fortunate or possessed of good fortune. If
(aor. hi inf. noun If) ^ ^ If : He was or became great or of
great dignity or estimation in my eye. & and hn h (inf.
noun 1st and If). ^Vl ^ If : He strove, laboured or toiled;
exerted himself vigorously, laboriously or took extraordinary
pains. If : The event afflicted him. cS-kJ' If : The breast
became dry. If : (1) Fortune; richness or good fortune;
competence or sufficiency; or the state of being in no need (syn
and c^v). jl^Ji j^ 1 ^ : The worldly fortune of any
one will not avail him against Thee; (2) means of subsistence.
jJr \jb °J> : For such a one in this is means of
subsistence; (3) Greatness or majesty. ^Uj : Exalted is

Thy majesty; (4) a grandfather (maternal or paternal); an
ancestor, al*- : A grandmother (maternal or paternal). &r ^Uskij
Ujj : And exalted be the majesty of our Lord (72:4). :
He perished. : A thing new (cont. of ^Ji). jl&J^ : The
night and the day (because they never become old and always
remain new; it also means a thing of which one has no
knowledge and hence signifies Death; the face of surface
of the earth. l&Jjf liU ^yjx^i \i\ £ : Shall we then be raised up as
a new creation (17:50)? Jeu> J^r J£»Jl : And among the hills

129

are streaks white and red (35:28). i^r (singular : A beaten
road or way; a road leading to water; a main road; a sign; the
bank or side of a river; shore of the sea; a streak or stripe that is
on the back of an ass, differing his general colour; a streak in
anything, as in a mountain differing in colour from the rest of
the mountain.

djjJr <~>te*r\ ( djsfl ) : He made for himself a grave or sepulchre.

(plural <L>\jJt\) : A grave; a sepulchre, &\jJr*}\ j* dj^y'H '■ They
will come out of graves. (54:8)

[aor. inf. noun ij^-] : He built , made or founded a wall of
enclosure, jif [aor. inf. noun He or it was or

became adapted, apt, meet, suited, suitable, fit, proper. <u j&r :
He was or became adapted, apt etc. for it. lii" J** ji^- : He
was or became adapted, fit etc. for doing such a thing. VyS* ; He
made or called him or it adapted, suitable, competent etc. U
jl^Jb : How fit is he for what is good, j^f also jl-kr : A wall; or
a wall of enclosures; the foundation or side of a wall; a fence or
dam raised of branches to retain water (plural IjXIAj 1J1 j^fij
alii JjjiU ijl^- : And they are most apt not to know the
ordinances of the Revelation which Allah has sent down (9:97):
J-Zm o^Jji^Ji j : And the wall belonged to two orphan
boys (18:83). jjJr #j\ : Or from behind the walls (59: 15).

Jj^- [aor. Ji^i and JJ^l inf. noun JI^-] JIAii J^f : He twisted the
rope firmly; he made it firm, strong or compact. aJjUf
: A girl of beautiful build. Jj^t- (aor. J^44 inf. noun J^-) : He
contended in an altercation, disputed or litigated, vehemently.
ti>\*r (inf. noun aJjI^ and J'^r) : He contended in an altercation
or disputed or litigated with him; he did so vehemently and
ably or did so powerfully or obstinately or merely for the
purpose of convincing him. 4Jit*J signifies the disputing
respecting a question of science for the purpose of convincing
the opponent, whether what he says be wrong or not.
According to Imam Raghib J'^r signifies competing in
disputation or contention and in striving to overcome. It is from

130

J^Ji cJ.br : I twisted the rope firmly; as though each of the two
parties twisted the other from his opinion Or as some say, it
originally means the act of wrestling and throwing down
another upon the iil^f (or ground). J^f : Vehement altercation
or disputation or litigation; and ability or power to practise it.
Jj^- : A streamlet; a rivulet. olsSpi JjA^- : A column and a table
of a book. Jil^- (syn. with aJiUrJ) : Altercation, disputation,
litigation or vehement and able disputation. Jkdb l)JiUfj : And
they disputed by means of falsehood (40:6). aJJi j> f*j :

Yet they dispute concerning Allah (13:14). J* jAl ^i^r :
And thou argue or dispute with them in a way that is best
(16:126). VJbr >si jlT : But of all things man is most
contentious (18:55). Ul^r Cj'J&ti : And thou hast disputed with
us many a time (11:33).
i , i , t ,*

<^r [aor. inf. noun j^r] iX* : He cut it or cut it off or cut it off
utterly; he cut it off utterly and quietly; he cut it or broke it into
pieces; he broke it; he hastened it or hastened to it. : What
is broken of or from a thing; broken pieces, fragments of a
thing much broken; small pieces or particles of silver; stones
containing gold; distinct parties or portions of men or things,
till*- : He broke them into pieces (21:59). ijX^^s. : A gift
which shall not be cut off (1 1: 109). hj±** : A thing cut off.

[aor. inf. noun aftUl ^.Lr : He kept back the beast

from eating fodder. (plural : The trunk of a

palm-tree; the trunk of a tree when the head is gone; the beam
of a roof. £-W : Body of the man excluding his head, his
two hands and feet; every thing which has no foundation or
permanence. iLLdl ^X^u l_0 <jjk : Shake towards thee the trunk
of the palm-tree. £t&\ ^)X* °J> ^1^^ : I shall crucify you on the
trunks of palm-trees (20:72).

1 J^T [aor. inf. noun j^-] ^ : He stood firmly upon a

thing. \X>r also means, he sat upon his knees. and 3j.br and
aj^r : A brand or fire-brand; a thick piece of firewood, not
flaming; a piece of fire; a live coal or a flaming live coal; a

131

thick stick one end of which is a live coal. jUi j5 ajd^- : A brand
of fire (28:30). "j* ~aj& <&* '■ Such a one is a kindler or a piece
of mischief.

[aor. yn inf. noun ^f] : He dragged, drew, pulled, tugged or
stretched, jtiwh* J\ JT^-U : What drew thee to do this thing.
\yr : At thine ease; it will continue. ^°/yr p& : Come at your
ease. iJQJl e/y- : The night was or became long, <Csf\ ^y. &\
aIJ] : He caught hold of his brother's head, dragging him towards
himself (7:151).

^[fr [aor. £^44 inf. noun : He wounded him or made an

impression upon him with a weapon or rent some part of his
body. fitlL : He wounded him with his tongue; he reviled
him; he found fault with him; he spoke ill of him. 5il$iji :
He invalidated the evidence. ^ £>r} : He committed a sin.

: He received a wound; his testimony was rendered or
declared invalid, ^yr also means, he worked or wrought with
his hand; he earned. <^£\&. c-^fU J^j : Evil is that which thy
hands have wrought. jl^Jb f&-yrH> fiu : And He knows what you
do by day. (6:61) oullii I y-yJr\ <y„ti\j : And those who commit
sins (45:22). : A wound (plural £j^r). £j'j^ (singular
**-j\*r) : Beasts and birds of prey; the limbs; the organs of the
body; mares. J*Ua3 £j>iSij : And for other wounds there is also
retaliation (5:46). ^j'j^' 'J* '■ And what you have taught

the beasts and birds of prey (5:5). £jyr : A surgeon.

[aor. s'yn inf. noun iyr] ii^Ji iyr : The locust ate what

was upon the land and stripped it of all its herbage. J>jVl oi y\ ;
The land was smitten by locusts. syri : He was or became
alone, iyJ> : A man alone; a bare or naked sword. i\yr :
Locusts; the locust. iij^J'j ^°Joi\ ^Is- uLjU : So We sent upon
them the storm and locusts (7:134).

Xfr [aor. Yyn inf. noun \]yr] «j>r : He cut it ; he cut it utterly. »)y-
jUjJl : The time exterminated or destroyed him. cj]yr
^jA°^ '■ The land became without herbage, ijyr : He slew him.
Yyr : He ate quickly and much. jj-tfUJi J± U Yyr : He ate every

132

thing and did not leave anything on the table. )yr : Land in
which there is no herbage or which produces no herbage; land
of which the herbage has been cut and has been eaten; land
from which the water is cut off and it has been dried up or it
has not been rained upon, j^il J\ *UJl jj-ls Ui : We drive
the water to the dry land (32:28).

f^fr [aor. inf. noun j^yr] iUJi ^y- : He sawllowed the water.
iUii ^yu : He swallowed the water in consecutive portions one
time after another, like one who acts against his will; he drank
water in haste or he drank it little by little. **°yr : A gulp or as
much as is swallowed at once of water; a sup or sip as also ~^°yr
and *s>°yr or *s>°y: : A single act of swallowing water and &°y- is
what one swallows or a mouthful which one swallows or a
small drought, '^y^k : He will drink it little by little; he will
drink it against his will and with difficulty (14:18).

^[fr [aor. &yH inf. noun &°yr\ i^ijl <3^- : He took away, carried
away or removed the whole or greater part of the thing. &y:
Jllii ^yr^ t/^i : It swept away or destroyed men like the
sweeping away of the torrent. 3y- : A bank, the lower part of
which is excavated by the water and hollowed out by the
torrents so that it remains unsound or weak; a bank of a water
course when the water has carried away from its lower part and
undermined it so that its upper part remains over hanging; the
side of a bank of a river that has been eaten by water so that
some part of it every little while falls; an abrupt, water- worn
bank or ridge, j^^'yr lii^ : On the edge of a hollowed
falling bank (9:109). : Death or pestilence that is wide
spread and destroys and sweeps away people like the sweeping
away of the torrent.

^yr [aor. ^/h inf. noun fyr] i^iJl fy: : He cut the thing or cut it off.
aiUi fj? : He sheared or cut off the hair of the she-camel, ^yr
J*Ji : He cut off the fruit of the palm-tree. te*yr\ : I led him into
sin. \°Jj*j Ul ^ 0 $\j~> °p&y£i : Let not the enmity or hatred of
a people occasion or cause you or induce or incite you that you

133

do not act justly (5:3). : He committed a sin, a crime, a
fault, an offence or an act of disobedience, f>r ( : He

committed against them a crime for which he should be
punished. ^yr\ is inf. noun from fjr\. The Holy Qur'an says
]\jufi ij^^-i jjjJ' C v ^ C" - ' : Humiliation from Allah will befall the
guilty people (6:125). ^yr\ *4j^' dl '■ If I have forged a lie,
on me is my guilt (11:36). : His sin became great or his
body became great. i^Iil^ also means, he completed the
thing. : A sin, a crime, a fault, an offence or an act of
disobedience (syn. C~ii or ^]) ; transgression, ^(plural fl^rO :
The body. a!£UJi ^yr$ : Heavenly bodies. f^fSl originally it was
equally to and lil^U meaning, there is no avoiding it or it is
absolutely necessary, then by reason of frequency of use it
began to be used in the sense of oath, i.e. : Verily or truly.
llT ^JUH : Verily, I will do this. jUi $ ft : Verily, for
them is Fire (16:63). ?j*j> (plural j** and 'J~*j?v>) : A sinner;
a criminal; a guilty person; a committer of an offence, fault
guilt or an act of disobedience. U j£J> ZjCjC^* : Who will come
to his Lord as a guilty person or a sinner (20:75)? LU^-j
l^^^lTi ^ : We have made in every town the guilty ones its
leaders (6:124).

tSyr [aor. ijyn inf. noun ts'yr and h'kyr] iUJi : The water flowed,
ran quickly. J-yiil ls'j* : The horse ran. klflii o^f : The ship or
boat floated or sailed or ran. J~wJi Oj? : The sun pursued its
course. y>H\ ls'j* : The thing happened, ll^ ls'jz- : He betook
himself to such a thing; he aimed at it. "0> ^ jd^- : And
they sail on with them in a pleasant wind (10:23). &i ^'Jr'\ : He
shed tears, jl^i IgsAi^ J; j^j : Beneath it rivers flow (2:26).
^Jyj : In it are two springs flowing (55:51). j£ :
In it are flowing fountains (88:13). (feminine of ckjt^JO.
ajjL^- Aili : A continuous or permanent charity; ~4j\*r also means,
a ship (plural ji>r) because of its running upon the sea; the sun;

Stars (81:17). ); a girl or young woman; the wind; a
female slave; an old woman; the eye of an animal; a benefit,
favour, blessing or boon bestowed by God upon His servants.

134

&jU>Jl Ji Li'lLJ'j : We carried you in the ship (69:12). oUjU>Jlj
(singular ajjUt) : And those running easily or smoothly
(51:4). dlLuJl jlj^Jl aJj (singular ajjUt see above). And to Him
belong the lofy ships reared aloft (55:25). j£ masculine of ajjUt.
jl^-^j : A flowing stream. i£j*j> : Inf. noun of ts'yr meaning,
flowing. It also means, place or time of flowing or running;
channel of a river. If-vj f-H : m the name of Allah is

its sailing and its anchoring (11:42). <jyri* : What happened i.e.
and event or occurrence (plural oGj^-U). aJ ^ yr'ji : He is his
surety. : Bold man.

\j?T [aor. if- noun t°j*r] »\'j*r : He divided it into parts or portions;
he made it to consist of parts or portions as also ; he took a
part or portion of it; he made it firm, fast or strong; he bound it
firmly, aj lj£ : He was satisfied with it. tj^r (plural : A part
or portion or division of a thing; a constituent part of a thing; a
volume of a book. \j*r eiC* aJ \°J**r j : And they assign to Him a
part of His servants (43:16). tjjar : Females.

[aor. inf. noun £j£ : The act of cutting. <j>\ji\ ^j* :
He passed the valley to the other side, ipj^ a)U ^ : He cut
apart from his property a portion for him. ^yr (aor. f^j*H) : He
was or became impatient; he manifested grief and agitation; he
was or became affected with grief, ^yr and are inf. nouns
from ^j*r meaning grief or impatience. ts^l> ^1 L£j*-I life t\j^> : It
is equal to us whether we are impatient or show patience
(14:22).

<Jj?r [aor. lsjzj and inf. noun : It paid, gave or rendered as a
satisfaction; it satisfied; sufficed; or contented, jdlil cJj^ : I
paid the debt, aa?- is*^ eJj^r : I paid such a one his right or due.
liT or aj 9lj£ or flijl^-. He repaid, requited, compensated or
recompensed him for such a thing. \'J£- aJJi 9lj£ : May God repay
him good, ajaj a^j^- : I punished him for his crime. Uj +*\'j*rj
^/j-fi : And He rewarded them, recompensed them for their
patience with a garden (76:13). j~aj J~a> tjj&ti : A soul shall
not give anything as a satisfaction or shall not make satisfaction

135

for another soul (2:49). c&j**^ ^j* 6 : And thus do We

requite the guilty (7:41) £~Ji^l\ ijj^ l1£S3&j : And thus do We
recompense or reward those who do good (6:85). ckjl^J Ji
yj&S\\S\ : And We punish or requite none but the ungrateful
(34:18). t\'j*r : Repayment, requital, compensation, recompense,
in the form of reward favour or punishment. :
This is the reward of those who do good (5:86). s-\j*r iJ&'a
: This is the requital or punishment of the disbelievers
(9:26). j£ : Sufficient; one to be a compensation for; and to
give a compensation for another. Jsrj L_£jUr J4j ll» : This is
a man sufficient for thee as a man. sjJIj )*» S^iJj : And no
son will avail, will give anything as a satisfaction for, his father
(31:34). Zi,°j?r : The tax that is taken from the free non-Muslim
subjects of a Muslim government whereby they ratify the
compact that ensures them protection or because it is a
compensation for the protection which is guaranteed to them,
the non-Muslim subjects being free from military service; a
land tax; a tax that is paid by the owner of land. ajj^Ji IjImj

; Until they give the tax in acknowledgement of
superiority (9:29).

[aor. i^J inf. noun I^f] <u ft\ 1^ : The blood stuck to him or
it became dry. l^f : The body with the limbs or whole person;
it is also syn. with 5^ : The body without the head and arms
and legs; blood or dry blood. Some say that li-^r "A** means a
red golden calf. il~^r may be li : Possessing body. ^ULcf Uj
^Ukii : And we have not given them bodies not

eating food (21:9). li^r &~>°j£ Jl£ d^j : And We placed upon
his throne a mere body (38:35).
* ' it " i '

j^T [aor. J^h inf. noun L**-] <u*£ : He felt it with his hand for the
purpose of testing it that he might form a judgement of it.
jte-Vl : He searched or sought for or after news; he searched or
spied into, investigated, scrutinized or examined news.

tfj ^ '■ He sought for information respecting such a one.
J«~^< : He acted as a spy. : And do not inquire about

136

or spy into private circumstances (49:13). jyJ&r as also J4-^
and J-tlr : A spy who searches for and brings information or
one who is acquainted with private affairs of an evil nature and
J^U signifies one who is acquainted with private affairs of
good nature.

[aor. ji-L^J or aor. inf. noun iiU-jf] : He or it was or
became great or large, big or bulky or large in body; he or it
became corpulent or corporeal as also '{1*3. ^1*3 ; He
embarked upon the main part of the affair. : The body with
the limbs or members, (syn. l^f) or signifies the whole body
and limbs of a man; a thing having length and breadth and
thickness (plural fl^fl). '■ Great; large; big; bulky;
corpulent or big-bodied. Its plural is ^Jr which signifies great
affairs and intelligent men. : Great affairs. j> *klJ aiij

*JLi!Jlj (J*Ji : He (God) has given him increase in knowledge and
physique (2:248). ^Ll^l ^£*k> : And their persons or bodies
or physiques please thee (63:5).

J«r [aor. J**j inf. noun and and and iil«r] : (1) He
created. jjlllj oUikil Jj«r : He created all kinds of darkness and
light (6:2); ^ *UJi l^-j : And We have created of

water everything living; (21:31). (2) He made a thing. j£ ^ j*£
l^-ljjl ji^Lyjjjl : He (God) has made for you of your ownselves
wives (16:73); (3) He made or prepared. \*rs*j> J**4 : He will
prepare or make for him a way of escape (65:3). »j>\ & J**4
1^4 : He (God) will prepare for him or He will make his
circumstances easy to him (65:5); (4) He made a thing to be or
become or he appointed or constituted. LJ [J^'s '■ And He has
made me a Prophet (19:31); (5) He made a thing to be in a
particular state or condition. Ijji y& J**" J : And He has
made the moon in them to be as a light (71:17); (6) He made a
thing to be in an altered condition. I$l3l~* IfcJtp td*rj : We made
their upper part to be their lower part (15:75); (7) He
pronounced a thing according to his own judgement. jl^SJl I j
js-£* : And they pronounced the Holy Qur'an to be lies; (15:92);

137

(8) He called or named, tfUl J»*~^ *ty (U c?-^ ^^J 1 'j^j : And
they have called the angels who are the servants of God females
(43:20); (9) He held or believed to be. oui Jb <5>**j : And
they hold or believe God to have daughters (16:58); (10) He
thought, il-kw SjJai J*r : He thought Basra to be Baghdad. (11)
He made known, plain or perspicuous. £>'j£- &°J Ui : We
have made it known etc. as an Arabic Qur'an (43:4); (12) He
exalted or ennobled, ikij iil ^ui^-j : And We have exalted you
as a nation conforming to the best mean (2:144); (13) He put or
laid. Jom Jji law J*f : He has put or placed or exalted some of
you over others, a^-jj liij ^JJl ^ l ^"J : And We have
placed or put into the hearts of those who followed him pity
and compassion (57:28); (14) He began. 4«s& : He began to
write; (15) He made or gave. Jju? d^A $ &**r '■ And We gave
them good name (19:51). (act. part.); maker or making,
o ^JJl J*Ur : And I will make those who follow thee (3:56);
(16) To regard, consider, ll^-lj ijiSft J*fl : Does he regard or
consider all the gods to be one God (38:6).

*'. ,

uisr [aor. Ut»u inf. noun s-u^r] : It (a valley flowing with water) cast
forth froth or foam, and particles of rubbish or refuse. jAiii oUbf
or IaJjJj o'u£ : The cooking pot while boiling cast forth its foam
or froth. «ULf : He threw him down. £ lifer : What is cast forth of
froth or foam, and particles of rubbish or refuse by a torrent or
a cooking pot. Figuratively the word means a worthless, useless
or unprofitable thing, *Ufef 4**^ -H^ 1 & '■ Now as to the froth or
scum it passes away as a worthless thing (13:18). j->Ui jjS £ufef :
The first or foremost of men or people, *Ufef also means, an
empty ship.

jt&r [aor. inf. noun : He slaughtered a she-camel and gave
her flesh for food to the people in bowls. kjfef (plural jlifer) : A
kind of bowl, particularly applied to a receptacle for food; a
generous man. ^ iyfer : A generous man who entertains many
guests and feeds many; he is called iufef because people are fed
by him in the iufef. kyfer duiT : His bowl was turned upside

138

down; i.e. he was slain. is also a kind of wine. jL&rj
olj^JlT: And bowls like watering - troughs (34:14).

Lflif [aor. inf. noun H&f and SiUfef] and Jit*J : It did not keep or
cleave to its place. J>\'jb\ klj*- U^-ji Ls- : His side was
restless on the bed; his side did not keep or cleave to its place
upon the bed; it became withdrawn or removed from it. oj^ 1 ^ :
The cloth became or was course, thick or rough. \hi U£ : He
turned away from, shunned or avoided such a one; he removed
or withdrew to a distance from such a one. eli£ : He treated him
rudely or coarsely. l*JJj SI^Jl cj£ : The woman neglected her
child, is* Jils!*J : He withdrew or separated himself from him or
it; he shrank or flinched from him or it. ^rliaji ^jar :
Their sides withdraw or remain separated from their beds
(32:17).

J5T [aor. inf. noun "*i%r or J*&f] : It was or became thick, gross,
course, rough, rude, big or bulky; it (a thing) became great (in
size); a man became great in estimation, rank or dignity. ;
Greatness of estimation or rank or dignity and '■ Supreme
greatness thereof i.e. supreme greatness; majesty, might,
independence. Jlbr in its primary acceptation signifies thick,
course, gross, rough, rugged, rude, big or bulky, applied to a
material substance, also great in majesty, estimation, rank or
dignity; also old and advanced in age and firm or sound in
judgement; IS*- (plural). ~*kr f jS : A great people, of eminence,
nobility or dignity. ^XV'j J^^'j* t-^o J&j : And the
person of Thy Lord, Lord of Majesty and honour will remain
(55:28).

c^-br [aor. and 4*^w inf. noun CJ^r and s-^Kl : He drove or
brought, conveyed or transported a thing from one place to
another. CM- : He gained or earned for his family. Jl* CJJ-\
: He urged on his horse to run by striking or crying out.
^SCL^lj • And urge against them thy horse men or

collect then against them thy forces and threaten them with evil
(17:65). CJJr'\ : He threatened him with evil. Cl* : He

139

committed a crime against him; or an offence for which he
should be punished. ^Q^r (plural ^-rf^) : A woman's outer
wrapping garment; a shirt; a woman's covering; a garment with
which a woman covers her head and bosom; dominion,
sovereignty or rule with which a person is invested. & jjfe
jf^i'fe- : That they let down upon them their over-garments
(33:60).

.lb?- [aor. ib»u inf. noun ii*r] S^Lf : He hit or hurt his skin. He struck
him with a whip; he flogged him with a whip or whips, oibf
: The serpent bit. '■ He lay with his female slave.

Jeyi\ <b &r : He threw him down upon the ground. j>*l\ SJUbf- :
He compelled him against his will to do the thing, ibr or Slbr :
A whip; scourge; stripe, (plural SJUbp ). JUJl solr : He inflicted
upon him the flogging ordained by the Law. SJUbp jsiUi ^jibr-li :
Flog them with eighty stripes (24:5). Ibr (plural SjLr) : The skin
of an animal; the integument of the body and limbs of an
animal; the exterior or upper skin of an animal; the body and
limbs of a man; the whole person or body or limbs of a human
being; his self; the penis. (iiijLr c-*-# Uif : As often as their
skins are burned (4:57). lU- also means, one volume of a book;
price; binding of a book.

j*^r [aor. J4*4 inf- noun J-ji^r and J~b^»] : He sat. JJ^r differs from
1*3, the former signifying, he sat up; or sat after sleeping or
prostration, and the latter he sat down; or sat after standing.
J-jU is a change of place from low to high and SjAs is a change
of place from high to low. J4^ (plural J-Jls^) : A sitting place;
the people of a J~b^ i-e. an assembly or a company of men
sitting together; an oration or a discourse or an exhortation, lit
l^sLJu ^Jl*iil ^ Iji-lij ^ J3 : When it is said to you, make
room in assemblies, make room (58:12).

*^hr [aor. 'j£> inf. noun t"M-] : It (the information or thing or an
affair or a case) was or became clear or displayed or disclosed.
s.^li\ : The thing became high. ajIj : He (or they)

emigrated from his town; they dispersed themselves or became

140

dispersed; he fled, being driven away from his town. :
He made the affair clear, manifest. ajIj jf- J*r^' : He banished
the man from his town. Ls- : He removed the grief from
him. Juli\ *te : He polished the sword or furbished it. H*r\
: He banished him from the town. i*ter : Banishment. £>' tyj
t*fa}\ '^Ss- m : And had it not been that Allah had decreed
for them the exile (59:4). U\JJ\ J*k ■ Allah will make
manifest the hour. fJi jf- °J?k j* : He explains his mind, :
He made it clear, manifest or apparent. J~wJi cJ*u : The sun
became clear or exposed to view or it shone. lA*&f lit j^Iilj : And
the day when it exposes it to view (91:4) \i\ : And the
day when it shines (92:3) I'M- : Banishment; a manifest affair,
an acknowledgment or confession.

[aor. inf. noun £U^r] : He (a horse) overcame his master
running away with him; he broke loose and went at random
without any certain aim so as not to be turned by anything; he
(the horse) became refractory so as to overcome his master; he
was quick or swift; he (a man) went at random or without a
certain aim; he (the man) hastened or went quickly to him.

cJ^J: : The woman went to her family without the
permission of her husband. <o : The object of his desire
baffled his efforts to attain it. f*j : They hasten or go

quickly so that nothing turns them back (9:57).

[aor. fa and fa inf. noun *UJ°i : The water was or

became much. J^iJl : The horse was not ridden i.e. it was
left unridden. : He or it rose or became high; it drew near; it
came to pass, (Inf. noun used as an epithet): Much or many.

JU : Much property or many cattle. JUJi j^^J : And

you love property with much love (89:21). also signifies
people of the lowest, basest or meanest sort.

»U^- [aor. inf. noun l°yJ~\ *UJl li^- : The water congealed, froze,
became solid, became dry. : He or it remained fixed or
stationary; he or it was or became incapable of growth, lifeless
or dead; he was or became stupid; inert; it was or became

141

stagnant. <ul* oli^- : He shed few tears. «ij oJU*- : He was or
became niggardly; he possessed little good. 1?£ : (Applied to
water) freezing; in a state of congelation; congealed; lifeless or
dead; incapable of growth; stupid; dry; JUJi .Lbr Jjtj : A man of
stagnant condition. (feminine of l^Ur) : Lifeless or dead;
incapable of growth; dry; stagnant; Iaj>\*\£~Ju : Thou thinkest
to be dry or lifeless or stagnant or incapable of growth etc;
stationary or fixed (27:89).

£*j>r [aor. inf. noun £^r] : He collected, gathered, assembled,
contracted a thing; he composed or settled a thing. ey>\ ^ : He
composed or settled or decided his affair. £U-2> alii ^JJr ; May
God compose his difference. also means, it compromised,
comprehended or contained. U-$-* ^ : He brought them (the
two) together. <C& ^Jr : He put on his clothes. t\y>\ cJUjrU
iaS: I have never gone into a woman. SSJUj UU ^JJr : He collects,
gathers, hoards, amasses money or wealth and counts it
(104:3). Ijii^f A3 J-Ul jl : People have assembled for you
(3:174). sJuT ^ : He settled his plan and came (20:61).
YjklS\ : So the magicians were brought together (26:39).
^iilj JJjJi : The sun and the moon are brought together
(75:10). gjf\ : He put the things together. jH\ Jteji^tfi cJU£l : I
determined, resolved or decided upon the affair; I determined
or settled the opinions. ^ j-ij °^tyS \°^Jri : So determine,
resolve or decide upon your affair and prepare for it and call
your partners or determine ye with your companions upon your
affair, or determine ye upon your affair and the affair of your
companions (10:72). CJ?S\ XiO- j> flji**| iji^j : And they
resolved to put him into the bottom of a deep well (12:16).
£*&r\ : It became collected, brought together, mustered or drawn
together; it was or became composed, arranged or settled. £^r]
J>\ Js-'*** : He was or became in company with him; came
together with him, he met him in an affair. J^'j c-ju^i j±
: If the jinn and the men gather together (17:89). <S)*»^ f& J* :
Will you gather together (26:40)? : Coming together;
collecting or gathering; a collection; a number together; an

142

assembly; a company, troop, party or groups of men; a
collective body; an army; a military force; a herd, a flock of
birds; a pack. 1*1^- fa***- : We shall gather them all together
(18:100). ix^-^Tij : And greater in assemblage (party,
company, assembly (28:79). JbA\ ^jj : {^\*XJr dual of g>Jr)

The day when the two parties or armies met (3:156). gL*
(plural of £*r). : Soon shall the hosts be routed

(54:46). tfljij h\ ■ Upon Us rests the collecting of it and

the reciting of it (75: 18). £**«Ji fji : The Day of Resurrection; an
important day when a certain people assemble at a certain place
to decide a momentous matter. ^Jl f j* jltfj : Give warning of
the Day of Gathering (42:8). gJ: and a*U^- and gJ*» are
synonymous, meaning an assembly of a party, group or
company of men; also means a place of meeting; an
assembly room; the whole of anything. &_f$\ £^ ^ :
Until I reach the junction of the two seas (18:61). ^U^r : In a
state of collection or union; being together; met together. fj3
: A people met together. £Jr J^-j : A man of right, not
unsettled or disordered judgement. ASjti jJu Ul^-j^fl J*f : He
decided upon the affair or made it firmly settled after it had
been unsettled. syn. with gJr meaning a host; an army, f
^aaj £J? 'jk> ojJjil : Or do they say that we are a victorious
host allied together to help each other (54:45). £jl^ :
Collected; assembled; drawn or brought together from several
places. J-UJl & ^'ji^> fjt L_S3'i : That is a day when people will be
collected or brought together (11:104). ^ : Collecting; that
collects. £*t*«J< J*JJJ\ : The mosque where people congregate
for Friday Prayers. ^r"j^ : A town of large population. g\*r*jti :
An affair which brings people together; a momentous affair for
the consideration of which people collect i.e. it brings them
together. y>\ ^Js- \y\£ lit : When they are with him on an
important matter which has brought them together (24:63).
also means the belly. is plural of : The Holy Prophet
is reported to have said £*\yr c~Jj' : I have been given the
Qur'an in which great and many meanings are comprised in a

143

few words; I have been endowed with a speech which is
expressive of many meanings in a few words, J*£jt : A state of
union; or congregation, familiarity; friendship and amity. aJJ1
U£2jU ajujt: May God make permanent the state of union
subsisting between you two. aju-^Ji fy. : Friday. i)U4Ji : The Days
of the week collectively; the week. "c^Lp : The Prayer of
Friday. Ui^Ji ^ ajUUJ ,jiy Vi\ ; When the call is made for
Prayer of Friday (62:10). \jS"y>\ Js- kwLf : He combined with
him and aided him to do such a thing. tiy>\ : He lay with
his wife (inf. noun *j*\*j> and ^U^r).

[aor. JX*j inf. noun J^r] : He collected. [aor. J*i?4 inf.
noun JU^r] or J*jf [aor. J^4] j^r : He was or became beautiful
or comely in person and good in action or behaviour or also in
moral character, c-lkii J> JUjf' : He was moderate in desire. J^r'

: The people had many camels. J^r and J*jf : A he-camel;
a camel; the male of JjJ ; the mate of the a3u. J^Ji i s a certain
fish of the sea. J^f also signifies a woman's husband; also
palm-trees. Jl^i : He journeyed all the night (plural =
JU^r and J^r and aJUjr but oUUjt is £^>Ji £^r). j> J^rJi gJJ
^U*j| p : Until a camel goes through the eye of a needle (7:41).
"Jup aJUir AjlT : As if they were camels of dun colour (77:34).
JUsr : Beauty, goodness of person or behaviour or mind; much
goodness that is communicated from its possessor to another;
Patience. JUjt Igli ^ijj : And for you there is beauty in them.
J^r : Melted fat; beautiful, comely; good in person, mind,
actions, behaviour or moral character. JU^Ji s-^J ^ '■ God
is beautiful in His actions, so He likes a beautiful character or
actions. Ul^- (feminine): Complete or perfect in body. qjwjls
J1«j»Ji ^Jjsi\ : So turn away from them in a beautiful manner
(15:86). Jl^-^-fli : Comely patience is good for me (12:19).

: A strand of a thick rope; the aggregate of a thing; the
sum, whole or total. It implies muchness or numerous and
means any aggregate unseparated. jU ^ aIU- : A large sum of
money. Uliib : On the whole; to sum up. ai^r also means a
proposition; a clause; a phrase; sometimes a sentence.

144

[aor. inf. noun Syr or jr] *ar : It veiled, concealed, covered
or protected him; or it covered him with its darkness as also
&s- : It covered or concealed him or it. i^iil JI^i j£ : The night
covered the thing with its darkness. JlUl j«r : The night became
dark, yr [aor. 5*4] means, it (an embryo) was concealed in the
womb. If: (inf. noun 5j«r and la* and j£) : He (a man) was or
became mad or insane; bereft of reason or intellect. Jt>°/H c-ar :
The land produced pleasing herbage or plant. jiUi <0s> y* Cti :
And when the night darkened upon him (6:77). JliJi jsr : The
darkness of night or its intense darkness or the confusedness of
the darkness of night; concealment; the genii i.e. such beings as
remain aloof from the people as if remaining concealed or that
conceal themselves (opposite of J~si), thus comprising the
angels; certain of the spiritual beings, uLe fcte : Such a
one passed the night as a guest of js*, that is in a desolate place
where there was no one to cheer him by his society or talk,
also means the main or chief part or body of men or of
mankind; the flowers of plants or herbage; the prime of youth.
<uCs> jf- j> L_S3i jlT : That was in the prime of his youth. It also
means seriousness or earnestness, ^pi' : The darkness of
night. 1% : There is nothing secret about this matter.
^V'j j*}\'jJJJ>\j : O company of jinn and men (6:131). lor and
5>r : A state of possession by a loss of reason; madness,
insanity or unsoundness in mind or intellect, oj-^ also means
persistence in evil; and pursuance of a rash course. °J* (i^-UajU
lor : There is no insanity about their companion (7:185).
(mad man; one suffering from oj-^ i-e. insanity, madness;
bereft of reason; unsound in mind; possessed by jinn.
5jI*UJ : Thou art surely a mad man (15:7). jliL^ (plural ) :
Madmen. <5£ and W and js* (plural of J^V 1 '■

If mankind and the jinn gathered together (17:89). iI*Jl &
j->Uij : From among the jinn and mankind (114:7). *^a* :
Anything veiled, concealed or hidden (applied as an epithet
even to rancour or malice); buried; deposited in a grave; an
embryo; a foetus; the child or young in the body or in the

145

womb (plural j*^* 1 iijfe °J>, ^ *\ '■ When you were
embryos in the bellies of your mothers (53:33). : A thing by
which a person is veiled or protected; an armour by which one
protects himself; a shield; iar ^Uj' Ij^! : They have made
their oaths a shield (63:3); otsr (singular and plural of jsr). ji-lJU
j'UfUj Jjl <ui : Neither man nor jinn will be asked about his
sin (55:40)]; that which conceals or darkens or that which
remains concealed; a white serpent or a small white serpent; a
species which is harmless and abounds in houses. UiS
jUf l$/lf j4* : And when he saw it move as it were a serpent
(27:11). lisr (plural ot«f; and J&sr dual) : A garden; a

walled garden; any garden having trees by which the

ground is concealed; a garden whose trees overshadow by the
luxuriousness and denseness of their branches, ij cj\ist $ &
i^j ^ : For them are gardens beneath which rivers flow
(2:26). iLyi o^**-*' ^-^J 1 : These are the dwellers of Heaven
(2:83). j^j '■ And for him who fears to stand

before his Lord there are two Gardens (55:47). jlaaf UaJ^-'Sf
: One of them We provided with two gardens (18:3). ^ oLaf :
Gardens of Eternity, oUsr ^4 "Clio <£\~J>j : And delightful
dwelling-places in Gardens of Eternity (9:72). ^jf^Jl olaf :
Gardens of Paradise. Vji ^ji^l i^taf ^ cJtf : Will have
Gardens of Paradise for an abode (18:108). ^1 c-af : In the
Gardens of Bliss (10:10). t^jUJl oL? : Gardens of Eternal
Abode. tsjUil olar ^ : And for them are Gardens of Eternal
Abode (32 :20).

c-*^- [aor. inf. noun 4-^] : He broke his side or he hit or hurt
his side; he led him by his side namely a horse; he put him
away or sent him away; or he removed far away, alienated or
estranged him or it. t^iJl ilaf : He removed or put away from
him the thing, ^tu^i xJu ^jj ^~aflj : Thou keep me and my
posterity away from worshipping the idols (14:36). K£ also
means, he yearned towards or desired him or it. £j£Jl c-af (inf.
noun uj^) : The wind was southernly. aJL5J Jjl C-ar : He had a
vehement desire to see; he inclined towards him; he became

146

disquieted. C~?r (aor. 4-^)5 He, a camel, limped by reason of
pain in his side. CJr and C~?r and C^r and e-* - : He became
affected by cJ^Ji 01 i i.e. pleurisy. J^l c-«f (aor. C^h inf. noun
ajL^-) : The man became polluted. CJr is an epithet from ^Un-
meaning polluted i.e. having had to take bath after sexual
intercourse, 04- f£ jl : If you are in a state of pollution

or uncleanliness, so purify yourself by bathing (5:7). j\ <C^-
i£ar\ j\ '<Ci\t?3 j\ ; He was or became distant, remote far off or
aloof from him or it; he retired or withdrew himself to a
distance; he estranged or alienated himself; from him or it.
: He walked by his side or he was or became distant from him.
j£W But the righteous shall be kept away from it

(92:18). JiA^l : But the reprobate will keep away or turn

aside from it (87:12). yX£\ : If you keep away from more
grievous sins (4:32). CJ: : A stranger; a man who is remote or
distant in respect of relationship; a person who is not a relative;
a person who is one's neighbour but who belongs to another
people; one is not one's lineage; a person who is not a relation
to another and who comes to him and asks his protection;
distance or remoteness. k-u^Jl jlstJij : The neighbour who is a
stranger or who is not related (4:37). C^r also means under
obligation of performing total ablution. It is used as singular
and plural and masculine and feminine, If <u OjJaJ : So she
observed him from afar (28:12). C^r : (1) The side or half or
lateral half of a man; or the part of a man that is beneath the
arm-pit, extending to the flank. <ubf JJl j\ i-Juf J\ : I sat
by the side of such a one (tfte 4-^)- s-^ 1 *^ : He gave him
the side, meaning he was submissive to him; (2) cJ*Jb
The companion by your side (4:37); the companion in a
journey; the companion by one's side; (3) the companion in
every good affair. cJ*Jb also means, (4) the husband or

the wife. oli : Pleurisy. C^r also means: (5) Part or
portion or tract; a part or portion of a thing; the greater or main
or chief part of a thing; ^>)y t»-ap °J> Jlla ti» : This is little in
comparison with the magnitude of the love or simply in

147

comparison with the magnitude of or simply in comparison
with thy love (6) in respect of; aJJi ^4 ci»yU ^s- tij-l^-U : O
my grief for my negligence in respect of that which is the right
or due of Allah or in respect of the means of attaining nearness
to God (39:57). They say: ^ J> £jtfjtij <u*- j> till jji : Fear God
in respect of His due and impugn not His reputation, (plural
o>r) £rUJi J- ^j^r J>\*& : Their sides keep away from their
beds (32:17) They also say Jtatjil oUL£ ^ Ijfji : They alighted in
the sides of the valley or in the tracts beside the valley.
(plural <Li)'yr) : Side; direction; the neighbourhood of a people;
a region or tract of a people or country. I jU jjiaJi jJl : He

perceived fire in the direction of the mount (28:30). Uj jp'J*
*->\*j : He turns away and goes aside (17:84). fa jt
P°l t-JUf : Do you feel secure that He will not bring you low on a
tract of land (17:69). Ki^r 6^ : He was or became gentle to deal
with. cJU»Ji j2 J^t-j : A man gentle and easy to deal with. C^r :
The bank of a river and any bank or steep acclivity; a limit,
bound or boundary. k-JUf Jl£ : Beside, aside or apart. j5 4^
JUJi : A portion or large portion of property. C^r : A man's
honour or reputation which should be preserved inviolate;
avoided and despised. Quf llf £i i.e. leave it alone, :
South.

^i^T [aor. ^4 and ^4 and inf. noun ^-j^r] ^Jjji <J jr^ - • He or ^
inclined or leaned towards it. l$J jL£tJ ^XlSi \ytc£ jlj : And if they
incline towards peace, incline thou to it (8:62). The word also
means, he (a man) set about a thing to do it with his hands, his
breast leaning over it. ^M°y> Jl£ £-«r : He rested himself upon his
elbows having set them upon the ground, : It approached.
JJJi £-«r : The night approached. yyai\ : The bird contracted
its wings to descend and approached like one falling and
repairing to a place of refuge. jjiWi : He hurt the wings of
the bird. £b£ : Wing; hand, upper arm or arm from the shoulder
to the elbow; armpit; a part or portion of a thing; the side
(4^); edge, wing of an army; ability; refuge; protection;
power; inclination; assistant, jlil £y*r U$J J^'j : And lower to

148

them the wings of humility (17:25). Plural is i^afl. k*rf1 :
Possessors of wings (35:2). o^^^^^ : I am under the
protection of such a one. ^U^Ji je'jJiAty* : His wings are clipped
i.e. he lacks power, strength or ability; he is impotent. ij^Tj
jftkJl : They left their homes or country or accustomed

places. yi-lSi <Js- j*j : We are upon the wings of travel; we
are about to travel. £t«r : A sin, a crime or an act of
disobedience, or an inclination to it; and anxiety or molestation
or hurt which one is made to; a blame to bear. £t«r J4J :
There shall be no sin (or blame) upon you (2:237).

X&r [aor. inf. noun ij^r] : He collected iyJr i.e. armies, military
forces; etc. l«r (plural an army; a military force; a legion;
a body of troops or soldiers; auxiliaries; any species of
creatures; ^ '■ Surely, they are a host who will be

drowned (44:25). s'jJr Jjj : And for Allah are the hosts

of the heavens and the earth (48:8). laf = a city, a province or
district; military capital. ^UJi iu£i (plural): Military capitals of
Syria.

U±&r [aor. inf. noun tiyJr] and ut?r [aor. inf. noun Ubr] Ju^
jj^yi : He deviated from the right path. ^ u^r : He
acted wrongfully in his will, u&r or u&r : He acted wrongfully
or unjustly; he deviated from the right way or course; he
inclined to sin; he kept away from rightful things. Jt :
He inclined on one side in a proud manner; J\ Jl>\^3 : He
intentionally inclined to a thing; iUi Ju\*3 ; He kept away from
his family on account of hatred; J&*<x : He inclined to a sin
or affected an inclining, u^r : Inclining to sin etc; deviating
from the right way or course; acting wrongfully or unjustly;
keeping away from a good thing, u^r also means depression in
one of the two sides of the chest with evenness of the other
side. Ubf jfiy 3y- ^ ; He who fears on the part of the testator
an inclination to a wrong course or deviation from the right
course or acting unjustly (2:183). ^y^Ju\^jls- : Without being
deliberately inclined towards sin (5:4).

149

[aor. inf. noun <j*r or ^r] ^af : He gathered, plucked
or took the fruit from the tree; he plucked it while it was fresh.
Cfti ^ : He collected gold from the mine. JUII ^ : He
acquired eminence or nobility. ^ : He committed a sin
against him. Ij-S> ^ : He did a bad thing, ^af or ^ : Whatever
is gathered or plucked from the tree; whatever is plucked or
gathered while fresh; fruit just gathered or plucked; ^ also
signifies fruit ready to be gathered or plucked; it also means
fresh ripe dates and grapes even cotton and herbage and gold
which is collected from its mine and honey when it is gathered
and cowries as though gathered from the sea. & \ lillj
: It will cause fresh ripe dates to fall upon thee (19:26). ^rj
jli jls«yi : And the ripe fruit of the two G ardens within easy
reach (55:55).

J-^r [aor. inf. noun Iff as also inf. noun Sl^r] and l&Uf
inf. noun fllat^J]. y>*i\ J> Iff : He strove or toiled; exerted his
power or ability; employed himself vigorously or diligently;
took extraordinary pains in such an affair; he did his utmost or
used his utmost power in prosecuting his affair so that he was
tired by it. £?'Jb Iff : He examined the man. J>y3\ fllff : The
disease afflicted or weakened or fatigued him. fllff ' ji iwTi Iff :
He fatigued or wearied the animal; he burdened the beast
beyond his power, Iff : He churned the milk so as to
extract its whole butter. (»UkJi iff : He very eagerly desired the
food; or he ate much of the food and left nothing of it. laiff :
He lay with her or compressed her. JUJi iff' : He dispersed his
property and wasted it. j^Ji iff' : The truth became manifest.
y>^\ J> iff \ : He was careful in the matter, lal^- : He exerted his
utmost power or ability in contending with an object of his
disapprobation, and this is of three kinds, namely a visible
enemy, the devil, the devil and one's self, all of which are
included in the term as used in Holy Qur'an in (22:79).
jA*ii: He fought with the enemy or he encountered the enemy,
imposing upon himself distress or exerting his utmost power or
ability to repel him. fUl Jl~> °J> I»£ : (inf. noun Slfr and Si&UfJ) :

150

He fought in the way of God i.e. in the cause of religion, ilfr :
Inf. noun of l&Uf, Possessing all the meanings which the word
•ubr signifies. Technically the word means fighting in the way
of Allah. i&Ufj UiU l&Uf jij : And who so strives, strives
only for the benefit of his soul (29:7). £i ijiiuf jdiJtj : And as
for those who strive in Our path (22:70). «lfr aJJi J> iji&Uf j :
And strive in the cause of Allah as it behoves you to strive for it
(22:79). ^ cTjiJ ^liaUf jlj : And if they strive to make thee
associate that with Me (29:9). iff and iff : Power; ability or
utmost power or ability; or effort or energy; difficulty; a disease
that affects affliction; distress; trouble; labour; toil; exertion;
endeavour etc. small provision upon which a man possessing
little property can live with difficulty. ^UjI iff JjU :
They swore by God with their most energetic and strongest
oaths (5:54). jjiiff o^'j : And who find nothing to

give but their toil i.e. the earnings of their toil (9:79). ^>Qi iff :
A state of extreme difficulty or trouble. iffJi J or fliff jij : He
did his utmost. i&Ufi (plural <5ji*^ and ^j-aI^), active
Participle from labf : He who strives hard or does his utmost.
^AALftUi £Ui jjsi : Allah has exalted those who strive hard
(4:96).

j^r [aor. 'j#>4 inf. noun i^ff and ijlfr and tj&r] : It (a thing) was or
became plain, apparent, conspicuous, open or public; it was or
became exceedingly plain to be perceived either by sight or by
hearing. y>^.j y>^j&r : He announced openly the affair. }ff
JjiJb : He uttered the speech openly, publicly and with a loud
voice. o^JaJijf^- : He raised the voice so as to be heard clearly,
^ff : He was or became great or bulky before the eyes of the
beholder; he was or became pleasing in aspect; it (the voice)
rose so as to be plainly heard; he was or became high or loud;
he was or became loud of voice. J^^ff : He saw the man
without a veil intervening; he regarded him with respect or
considered him great, fj^^ff : He thought the people to be
many when he saw them. UJbjf^ : He made known the acts
of sin by talking loudly of them. ^ffJi -aJJ i 4-?olJ : Allah

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does not like the uttering of unseemly speech in public (4:149).
L-S^Uai^^Jlij : And utter not thy prayer aloud (17:111). fir
and tfir and fir : Plain, manifest, apparent, open or public;
conspicuous; loudly, \'fi »tj : He saw him clearly or with his
eyes, without anything intervening, "tfir &\ t£j ^ <y>ji\i :
We will not believe in thee unless we see Allah clearly or with
our own eyes without any thing intervening or see Him face to
face (2:56). ^firj fik : He (God) knows your inside and
outside (6:4). fi6\j>yfi^>\ '^m : He (God) knows what is
manifest and what is hidden (87:8). \fir &|J : He met him in the
day time, openly or publicly, \fir °fi°^ °J} p : And I called to
them aloud (71:9).

j&r [inf. noun j-?^] »fir : He fitted him out, equipped him with
what he needed. J0j*Jl fir : He gave the bride with her
requisites, fir : He prepared for the dead body what was
necessary for it. fir : The requisites, equipments, provisions or
other requisites for a traveller; household goods or furniture
and utensils; excellent goods that are conveyed as merchandise,
^jl^ui ^fiCti : When he had provided them with their
provision (12:71).

i fi>r [aor. fin inf. noun fir and 2Jl#f] fir and '<fir and <u fir : He
was ignorant, he was ignorant of it; he did not know it.
L_SUi? fit& : The like of me will not be ignorant of the like of
thee. fir : He acted towards him in a silly and foolish
manner and wrongly. In Arabic punishment for an evil is
sometimes denoted by the term used for the evil itself. A poet
says:

£1aI*!i fi 3> fiJ <4± jifwll lit

Beware! Nobody should show ignorance against us; or we shall
show greater ignorance in reply i.e. we will severely punish
such ignorance. ajIj fir : He was ignorant, silly or foolish in
his opinion or judgement. j*Jl fir : He neglected or ignored
the truth. jAiJi fi : The cooking pot boiled violently, fite : He
pretended ignorance, fir : Ignorance; foolishness; wrong

152

conduct. J#r in the sense of ignorance is of two kinds i.e. (1)
the non-existence of knowledge of that which should be
known; (2) a decisive belief not agreeable with the fact or
reality. According to Imam Raghib it is of three kinds: (1) The
mind's voidness of knowledge which is the primary meaning
and (2) the believing of a thing to be different from what it is
and (3) the doing of a thing in a manner different from that in
which it ought to be done. JOJb Ji£ ; Doubt is sufficient
ignorance. dJ&J J&'i '■ I see that you are a people who

act ignorantly (11:30). Ja£ (plural h°M^r and and Jl#r

and £U$4\) : Ignorant ; neglectful; foolish or silly and wrong in
conduct. JaI^Ji : The lion that is ignorant of the prey. JlS Ja^^a :
He is ignorant of him (his condition) or it. JaU?Ji f4~-^4 :
The ignorant man thinks them to be free from want (2:274). h\
5ji»bf (iait : When you were ignorant (12:90). j^a^I & h°£ s & :
That I may be of the ignorant (2:68). Jj#r means most jAbf: h\
% i°j4Pr\j>°j& : Indeed he is most unjust and most neglectful
(33:73). iil^f : Ignorance; foolishness or silliness. h°^k
iil^jj : Who do evil due to ignorance. *^a£ : Ignorance. sllal^Ji :
Days of Ignorance; time before the Holy Prophet. aJJb <5>&;
aliabrJi Ijp £*l^Js- : Thinking wrongly of Allah like unto the
thought of ignorance (3:155). : Do they then

seek the judgement of the Days of Ignorance (5:51)? K^^r
*LL^Ji : The time or state of ignorance or intense ignorance.
^IaUt : A pagan; a pagan Arab; relating to ignorance.

>*,,

(*-i^r Hell or Hell-fire, a name of the fire with which God will punish
the evil-doers in the life to come; a proper name of the abode of
punishment. According to some it is an Arabic word applied to
the fire of the world to come because of its depth Q»U#r and iifc
applied to a well meaning deep, in which he who falls perishes)
or originally syn. with jUi. The word may have been derived
from jt&r which means, he became frowning, contracted or ugly
in face, <j being something additional the sense being that
is a place the very sight of which makes the face of the
onlooker contracted on account of aversion. Or it may have

153

>

been derived from j&r which means the stern or course of face
or may have been the result of the combination of and j&r.
fa aIL^I : So Hell shall be sufficient for him (2:207).

i

yr Atmosphere; air; sky; a low or depressed part of the ground; a
vacant or desolate place; the interior of a house or tent; hall;
open pasture ground. j£ j> oiyt-J JJai\ J\ ijjj pi : Do they
not see the birds held under subjection in the vault of heaven
(16:80)?

[aor. ^°y>H inf. noun £ yr] : He made a hole in it; perforated
or pierced or bored it; he cut it. l'J*JA\ obr : He made a hole in
the rock; Jijib ji<ti\ sjiSj : And Thamud who made

holes in the rock; excavated the rocks; cut the rocks and made
their dwellings in the valley (89:10). o£ : He cut the cloth
or cut it out. >yd\ o£ : He traversed the towns or crossed or cut
through them by journeying. : He answered him, replied to
his question. ti\s-i : He answered his prayer; he accepted
his prayer (inf.noun ^Ufj). ajf>> 44*H : I answer or accept the
prayer of the one who calls Me (2:187). ^ : He

who does not answer the call of one who calls to Allah (46:33).
L> <J\^Z>\ j 4j Cj\*c^\ j Cj\zcZ>\ : He answered or accepted his
prayer, tij Cj^^CA : So his Lord heard his prayer, je cJUri :
The land produced plants or herbage. <L>\^sl>\ also means: He
obeyed him or complied with his desire in doing a thing.
j^lAjUJ jjilpi lii Jj-^j *k 'jw^j : Respond to Allah (or accept
His call) and the Messenger when he calls you that he may give
you life (8:25). h'fi^A. 44*^1 Uji ■ Only those can accept
who listen (6:37). 44^ : (act. part, from 4 , ^0 : One who
answers the call or summons. 44^ > : God Who accepts our
prayers. 44^ 44 J h\ ■ My Lord is nigh and answers prayers
(11:62). 4 J, j^ : An answer, a reply or a response; £jj Uliu liij
^4* '■ And Noah indeed did cry unto Us and how
excellent Answerer of prayers are We (37:76). 4 ,, >r <S^j :
And the answer of his people was no other (7:83).

[aor. inf. noun tiyr] : It was or became good, goodly or

154

excellent; he was or became excellent, ibr (inf. noun iyr) : He
was or he affected to be liberal bountiful or generous. <dU-> i^r :
He was liberal with his property. i^r (inf. noun l°yr) : He
gave up his ghost. LlaioiUr : His soul resigned itself or
departed. *ja^\ Sl£ (inf. noun Vyr) : The rain was or became
copious. frU-lJi oiUr : The sky rained. j£«Jl : The eye shed
many tears. J^iJl ibf (and iyr and : The horse became fleet
or swift and excellent in his running. iUf : He inclined to him
or it. ail*- : He vied with him and overcame him in liberality.
j£\ ai£ : Love affected him with longing desire and overcame
him. i\yr : (masculine and feminine) liberal, bountiful or
generous; or one who affects or constrains himself to be
generous; or one who gives without being asked (plural Stj^O; a
courser; a fleet or swift and excellent horse (plural Sl^r). jil
iSljif : He advanced like a swift horse. l£ (plural SU*-) excellent.
iU^Jl oU3La!i ^4*^ *\ '■ When there were presented to

him at eventide light-footed coursers (38:32).

j&r [aor. jj^j inf. noun j'yr] : He declined or deviated from the right
course. ji^bJl : He pursued a wrong course; he deviated

from the way. : He acted unjustly towards him, against

him. Jff°/i\ OjUr : The herbage of the land grew tall. sjj£ (inf.
noun j\yr) : (1) He lived near him or in his neighbourhood; (2)
He bound himself to him by a covenant to protect him. (3) :
He confined himself in a place of worship for devotion and
prayer (inf. noun fljjt^). »j\yr °J> : He abode in his
neighbourhood, ijyr °J> j* : He is under my protection; I am
bound by a covenant to protect him. aSUj jjUr : He abode in
Mecca not necessarily for worship. Ul l^i L_&jjjt*jlJ p ;
Then they will not dwell therein as thy neighbours, save for a
little while (33:61). : He protected him; he granted him
refuge or rescued him; he aided him; he delivered him from
evil. <uL£ jl^JlJ j 'J&j ja : Who protects and against Whom there is
no protection (23:89). $ °J* f>j*4j '■ And He will protect
you from a painful punishment (46:32). j\&£>\ : He sought or
asked to be protected; to be granted refuge or to be saved or

155

liberated, j*^ ja'j\*sZ>\ or tfte °J* «jl*slil : He sought the
protection of such a one from such a one. flyrli o jUfts^l : Who
seek thy protection, grant him protection (9:6). (plural
jl^r): A neighbour; one who lives near or next door to another;
a person whom one protects from wrongful treatment; one who
seeks or asks protection; a protector or one who protects
another from that which he fears; one who gives refuge or
protects; an aider or assister; a confederate; a woman's
husband; a man's wife; a partner who has not divided with his
partner; a partner who divides the property with another or not;
a partner who divides with another; the pudendum of a woman.
tJ^JljU-Jlj JjyJi tj) : And the neighbour that is a kinsman
and the neighbour that is a stranger (4:37). jt£ And I am
your protector (8:49). 'jjJ^ • They became mutual neighbours;
they bound themselves by a covenant to protect one another.
oijjL^w^y : Diverse tracts adjoining one another (13:5). ]yr an
inf. noun used as an epithet = *y)*- : Deviating from the right
course; acting unjustly, jjsf &.J> '■ A road or way deviating
from the right course, y'^^j : And some of them deviate from
the right course (16:10). jyr : Oppression; injustice, jj^ji :
Wronged or unjustly treated by the judge.

jlif [aor. jj^j inf. noun ]\yr and jt^»] o^'j^j' t^J^J^ : He
passed along the place and left it behind, .iUJi jjuf : He
exceeded or transgressed the proper limit or bound; he was or
became extravagant or exorbitant. JJ 1 *" : The judge

executed the transaction. jjUr ills : When they had gone further
(18:63). >JJl ji %\'^*\ 'J* Ujjtsrj : And when We brought the
Children of Israel across the sea (10:91). jf- jj^ : He
forgave him; he overlooked or connived at his sin. [g* jjU-lj^I:
O God forgive me. jj^j : And We forgive their sins

(46:17).

j*>^f [aor. Joj^j inf. noun &yr] : He sought for or after a thing
eagerly and with the utmost of his endeavour. £>j£ j£ fj2l\ J-tsf
jjlJi : The people went through the middle of the houses and

156

the streets and sought for what was in them, as a man seeks for
news. jL-Slt ^>^r : The lion trod upon them; or came into the
midst of them and did mischief among them. J-lj£ : The lion.
jGjJi \'yJ6; : And they went through the midst of your houses
(17:6).

f^r [aor. inf. noun ^yr and : He was or became hungry
or empty in the belly; cont. of 4$ ^£ or <u'lij Jjl ^Uf : He
longed to meet him or extremely desired to meet him. ^°y :
Hunger or emptiness of the belly. ^j^J'j ^j^Ji 'Jt : With
something of fear and hunger (2:156). c£^Uj ^ ^ h\ '•
That thou dost not thirst therein nor art exposed to the heat of
the sun (20:119). Jjl* : Hungry.

<3j£ A hollow; an interior empty, vacant or void space; a vacancy;
the inside or interior of a house; a low and wide tract of land
and valley; the middle of a thing; the belly or abdomen of a
man; the interior of the belly; the chest or thorax, yH\ £°y
: The last third of the night. &y J> ji ^s-jJ illl J^U : Allah
has not assigned to any man two hearts in his belly (33:5).

s-l^- [aor. ij>H and Vyu inf. noun U^r and *4*- and Ul^o] : He or it
came; or was or became present; it came; it came to pass,
happened, took place, befell or occurred; it resulted; it ensued.
lAJj c^r : I came to Zaid. dJ>i\ s-Uf : The rain came or descended.
^lUiii^i a* : The order of the Sultan arrived. \& : He did
such a thing. bl tui> : Surely, you have done a most

monstrous thing (19:90). L-^Uli c^r : I did a good thing. i£J
1^4 lii cJsr : Thou hast done a strange thing (19:28). i*j liti
^jj : When the Promise of my Lord shall come to pass (18:99).
djyj\ ^ajJ-\ sA^r lit ^ : Until when death comes to or overtakes
or befalls one of them (23:100). ^Ji&rt^-i : I compelled him,
constrained him or necessitated him, to have recourse or betake
himself to it. fUJi ^j^- Jji JuuJi U ilfU : And the pains of
childbirth drove her unto or compelled her to have recourse to a
trunk of palm-tree (19:24). JJj* o £T£ : She gave birth to a child,
fr^io «.T£ : He brought to pass, did, executed, performed or

157

effected, a thing; he said or uttered a thing. &i iu^Ju £T£
l$Jli*lj«i* : He who does good shall have ten times as much
(6:161). pL* cJij '4 j 's.\*r >\ : When he came to his Lord with a
sound (whole) heart (37:85). Jl^aJb <£JJlj : And he who
brought the truth (39:34). ttf^sJij : And the

Prophets and the witnesses will be brought (39:70).

V-rT [This word should come under the root >~>yr] : The opening at
the neck and bosom of a shirt and the like; a pocket; the heart;
the bosom. ^4^' ^Uja : He is pure or sincere of heart or
trustworthy or faithful. ^4^' j^} j* : He is a person of foul
heart, (plural <^j£). Jt o& J>il : Put thy hand into the

bosom of thy garment or into thy bosom (27:13). Jte l^y^.
jf.j£ : And draw their veils over their bosoms (24:32).

>^r or ilif [aor. inf. noun Ijf ji SUf : He had a long neck; or
a long and beautiful neck; or a long and slender neck. : The
neck, generally applied to that of a woman; or the part of the
neck upon which the necklace lies; or its forepart, al^l a2J: A
female soft of neck. JuS Jr? ^-^r ^ : Upon her neck a halter
of twisted rope (111:6).

158

6

x ♦ ♦

C

Numerical Value = 3

159

c*^- [aor. CJu or C^h inf. noun CJ-] i^iJl 1^ ^1} 4*^ : This thing was
or became an object of love for me. CS- or CJ- : Beloved, lovely
charming or excellent is he or it. v- (aor. L*u) : He loved
him. CS~\ [aor. 4^4] : He stood still; he stopped. CJ- : He was
fatigued or tired. CJS- : He formed the medicine into pills.
Q\ 'ClS- : He or it made him or it an object of love to me; he
made me to love him or it. j^V 1 ^ '• God has

made faith beloved to you i.e. He has made you to love faith;
He has endeared the faith to you (49:8). £jjJt : The plant
became full of grain. or : He loved, liked, took pleasure
in him or it; he esteemed him as a friend. <Ls*j aJJi jl :

Allah loves those who do good (2: 196). aJJi <^j*»>^ :
Follow me and Allah will love you (3:32). cZ^\ °y> ck-igiiJ :
Thou canst not guide whom thou lovest (28:57). : He

loved him; he esteemed him good, tjs- Jl* : He preferred
him to others, J*')&^ 1 ol : If they preferred disbelief
to faith (9:23). ~4^> or CJ- : Love; affection; natural disposition
or inclination towards a thing that pleases. °<J* "4** ^-Qs- c4^*j :
And I wrapped thee with love from Me (20:40). Jji CJS ^j^h :
They love them as they should love Allah (2:166). JUii
U*\J- : And you love wealth with exceeding love (89:21). :
The lover; the beloved; friend. CL^S\ : The lover; the beloved
(plural « fr^tj fUi ijHul ^A; : We are the sons of Allah

and His loved ones (5:19). CJ- [inf. noun a!?-] : Corn; grain;
seed; nut; pill; stone of grapes etc. Je°/i\ oUii? °J> U j : Nor is
there a grain in the darkness of the earth (6:60). L> £yu
tyj*> : And We bring out from it clustered grain (6:100).
also means a small portion of a thing. cJili ^ : Heart's core;
the heart's blood, also means a want; or an object of want.
&j : Well-done Zaid. ^Jfl ill?- : Approved, lovely or
charming is the thing. \&- is a word used for praise and
appreciation. oli ^\ CJ-\ iJLa : This is dearer to me than that.
L« \L>\ JJl CP flj^ij Jiijj : Joseph and his brothers are dearer to
our father than we are (12:9).

[aor. 'JJh inf. noun 1^-] t^sJl ^ and : He made it

161

beautiful or adorned it or embellished it and made it plain. t'J-r
and t'JJ-\ : He or it made him happy; he made him to enjoy a
state of ease and plenty; he treated him with honour or with
extraordinary honour. 'jJ- : He was or became or he was made
happy. djj^H ^"jj J> (i-P : They shall be made happy (or
honoured) in a garden (30:16). 'jf- : The wound became

healed but left sears. 51 jlJi^- : He put ink into the inkstand. "Jf:
and "Jp- : A good and righteous learned man; a learned man of
the Jews or Christians; a great religious leader or chief;
happiness and ease (plural j^). j^^'j b°x&) s fWr^'} '■ Why do
not the divines and those learned in the Law among them
prohibit them (5:64). ^ also means: ink; a kin d of variegated
cloth; a mark or sign of the enjoyment of ease and plenty;
colour; complexion. e'jL>j s'J^ CJ*i ; His colour or beauty and
goodness of form departed; a mark or trace of beating; an
equal; a like; a fellow.

[aor. inf. noun j~^>-] : He detained, confined him;
restricted him; shut him; imprisoned him; prevented or
hindered or debarred him from. 4a£ UJ- js- : He debarred him
from getting the thing he wanted. J4^: A place of confinement;
a prison, a jail. : What prevents it. ijiJsi\jJu ^ \^JL?l> :

You shall detain them both after Prayer (5: 107). JI^ j> J^-l
*AJt : He bequeathed his property to be spent in the way of
Allah.

[aor. JaJzj inf. noun Ja^-] 'Jj&\ iaJ- : The camel ate much or he
had pain in his belly from eating much or unwholesome food so
that his belly became inflated and he died. Jal*- : His belly
became swollen so that he died. lUi SaJ- and ioJ- ; His work
became dull or void or of no account; it perished (5:6). *£i 4^ :
His blood went unavenged. JJ\ : The water of the well

went down so that it never came to its first place. iU* J&^-l : He
rendered his work null and void and of no account. ^Uil J&^-U :
So He rendered their works null and void (47:29).

[aor. inf. noun l^-] : He tied it and made it firm; he

162

wore it well and firmly. lI^U*- (plural : An enclosure for

cattle; the black thread with which are sewed the borders of a
cloth; a streak or line; the ripples of sand. "^J- (plural ^-£J-):
The track of the stars, the streak or tract in the sky; the path or
way. oii s.U-l!ij (singular axL^-) : And the sky full of

tracks, paths or ways (51:8). s-UJi j£J- : The ripples of the
water.

J-*- [aor. inf. noun J^-] : He bound it or tied it and made it
fast with a cord, '-^M^ J^: He caught the game with the snare.

: A pregnant woman. J^- : A rope or cord; a thing with
which one ties a beast; a bond; connection with another by the
bond of love or friendship; ( JIAJi £~>\ j : liberal in disposition); a
covenant or compact; a promise or an assurance of safety or
security. j->Ui JI^j ^ J^<-> : Unless they have a covenant
from Allah and a covenant from men (3:113). ^ J^v :
And hold fast by the covenant of Allah (3:104^ -kjjii $r •
Jugular vein (50:17); an extended tract of land collected
together abundant and high; heaviness; ponderousness. lili
<d\ JJUj j^i^j (i4% ( plural of J^-) : Then lo! their cords
and their rods it appeared to him (20:67).

[aor. ffu inf. noun ^] li^- : He made it or rendered it firm or
settled it firmly, namely an affair; he decreed it; ordained it; or
decided it finally; He necessitated it; or made or rendered it
necessary or unavoidable. 'Jft\ : He made the affair
absolutely necessary or unavoidable for him. ^ : A decree, an
ordinance, a sentence or a judicial decision; an unavoidable
thing; pure; genuine; free from admixture. L^ U a^ - lJoj ^s-
This is an unavoidable decree of thy Lord (19:72).

(jSs*- It is a particle used in these senses: (1) It denotes the end of an
extent which is its predominant meaning. (2) It is used as a
preposition signifying 'To' 'till' 'until' or 'to the time of as in the
saying, j»- ^SCi-Ui ciTi : I ate the fish even to its head.

,*iki ^ ^ : Peace it is till the rising of the morning (97:6).
(3) It is also followed by a mansoob aorist, being here

163

understood after as in J*>°y> bIJl ^sry, : Until Moses
returns to us. (4) It is also syn. with [f denoting a cause or
motive and signifying 'to the end that', 'in order that', or 'so that'
as in aI^Ji J>-jij j»- LL»\ : Become a Muslim so that thou may
enter Paradise (or ' in order that' or 'to the end that'). (5) It is
also used in the sense of lJ] meaning 'except' or 'unless'. (6) It is
also a conjunction like ji j signifying 'And' or rather 'even' as in
IgJj ^ lJU-IJI cJTi : I ate the fish even its head; I ate the fish
and its head. (7) It is also used as an inceptive particle as in
j lJU-IJi cisi : I ate the fish so that its head was eaten.
fts£ is originally U ^ (Till when'; 'until when;, 'how long'):
The <_fiJi of U is elided as in ^ which originally is Uj.

[aor. dJu inf noun dJ-] : He hastened him, hurried him
uninterruptedly or in any manner. <Js> dJ- or dSc»-
j4-^Ji : He excited, incited, urged or instigated the man to do the
thing. V^liU aj'iAJi £j- or : He urged on the beast with the

whip. jA^ii <Ls>- : He made the horse to go quickly in a

brisk manner or urged him to run by striking him with the feet
or whip. d4-> : A woman inciting, urging or instigating or a
woman incited, excited, urged; a sharp man, quick in his affair;
quick or swift, jllii d4-> j'} i.e. a quick horse; swift-footed.

Jj : He retreated quickly and eagerly. f y : Light

sleep. li^-UJaJ : Which pursues it incessantly (7:55).

Si , $ f til

[aor. <*fH inf. noun : He went, repaired or betook

himself to him; he went or betook himself to an object of
respect and reverence; he went or betook himself to him
repeatedly or frequently. bS\i d^jM : The sons of such a one
visited such a one repeatedly or U'te cJ&&- : I went to him
frequently. cJ$l g*- : He went to the House of God to perform
the Pilgrimage. : And complete the Hajj or Pilgrimage

(2:197). axo means he went to or visited Mecca to perform
the Pilgrimage or simply he performed the Pilgrimage. aIIp '■
He came to him. j* g?- '■ He abstained or refrained from
doing the thing. ^f£\ : He probed the wound, gf- also

164

means: He shaved his head for Pilgrimage, a^-: He overcame
him in or by an argument, a plea, an allegation, a proof,
evidence or a testimony. gAi gJ : He was pertinacious in
litigation and overcame therein. or gV : Pilgrimage to
Mecca; the religious rites and ceremonies of the Pilgrimage;
is sometimes called i.e. the Greater Hajj and iyJ- is

termed g^Ji i.e. Smaller Hajj. ^£Sfl fj* : On the day of
Greater Hajj (9:3). ^Jiji : The month of Pilgrimage; i.e. the
last month of the Arabian Calendar. (plural £^
(singular and plural). AjlL> : Do you hold the giving
of drink to the pilgrims? (9:19) A*r^ : He contended or disputed
with him by an argument or plea. '<£\*- : He contended

with him by argument and overcame him. «bj °J> ^ t!s^ :
Who disputed with Abraham about his Lord (2:259). M^jl gV
(plural y^:). 'J>& °^yr^ : On condition that thou

serve me for eight years (28:28). 5^ : A mode of argument by
which one overcomes an adversary in a litigation or dispute; an
argument; a plea; an allegation whether true or false; a proof;
an evidence; a testimony; an excuse. ^^Ju Jle a^- cJ\ ; Thou
art an evidence against thyself. 6j*>i : So that

people may have no argument against you (2:151). ba£^
^Quuil : And that is Our argument which We gave to
Abraham (6:84). Ijfe jl Ul ji^a*^ 6^ : Their only plea or excuse
was that they said (45:26). : One who disputes and

overcomes by argument. The Holy Prophet is reported to have
said: Ui : I will overcome him by argument on the

Day of Judgement.

[aor. ^^>H inf. noun ^^-] K**- '■ He or it prevented, hindered,
debarred him or it. U^-i : It intervened between the two
things, fljli CJ^- : His bosom became straitened. CJ^h 5^
J~»% : Such a one acts as the door-keeper of the prince. U4^j
ol^r : And between the two there shall be a partition or barrier
or a veil (7:47). o* c^°J^>^ : Ask of them behind a

curtain (33:54). ot^r : A thing that prevents, hinders or
debars; a veil or curtain; a thing that intervenes between two

165

things i.e. a bar, a barrier, partition, a written charm or amulet;
the horizon. oU»c»Jb Ojijj j»- : It became concealed by the
horizon (38:33); a mountain or an elevated part of a mountain.
ol^Ji JJp ^4 1«3 : He sat in the shade of the mountain; the light
of the sun or a side or part of the sun. : Concealed;

debarred; secluded; blind. j* <l)°^JJ>yt> : He is debarred
from good. ^y'y^JA ^0 ^ $\ : On that day they will be
debarred from their Lord (83:16).

j^tf [aor. 'ji^H inf. noun and j**- and sj*^ : He

prevented, hindered, debarred or prohibited him. <£& :
He made the affair forbidden or unlawful or prohibited to him.

and j**; : Bosom or breast of a man or woman (plural is
] j**-). ft*- °Jt ifte : Such a one is in the protection of such a
one. UJ : He grew up in his care and protection.

rp**' °jt. 1$ '■ Who are under your care i.e. your wards (4:24).

: Forbidden, unlawful, inviolable or sacred, y-jy. U-g^ J*^j
ijj^S i^-j : He (God) has made a barrier and strong and
inviolable obstruction (25:54). *jh*: f 1 *' : These cattle
and crops are forbidden (6:139). L_Cl*^-iii* : This is
forbidden or unlawful to thee; any garden or walled garden; the
anterior pudendum of a man or woman, a mare; relationship
that prohibits marriage; nearness with respect to Kindred;
understanding, intelligence, reason. ^3 ^SS} Ji :

Truly, in this is an oath for men of understanding (89:6).
(plural is or^-) : An enclosure; a chamber, or an upper
chamber; apartment; a side; a tomb. cj\'J^\ <t.\]j ^-Sojibj jJJJl:
Those who call thee from behind the private apartments (49:5).

(plural ij^-) : A stone; sand; rock. Jt*A\ Jit : The people
of the desert. SjI>Sn^AJl : The black stone of the Ka'bah.
JPjW'j**- : Such a one is unequalled. means gold. 4*

j^tAJi ^_Tu«j : And strike the rock with thy rod (2:61). ^4
flji^JiT : They were like the stones (2:75). J>\j&, &'}\
'j**tl\ : The son shall go to him in whose bed it is born
and for the adulterer is stoning or disappointment and
prohibition. (A saying of the Holy Prophet).

166

[aor. ]^>h and jW4 inf. noun and and aj^-:

He or it prevented, hindered, impeded, withheld, debarred him
or it. Ufuj : He or it intervened as or formed a separation, a
partition, a fence, a barrier or an obstacle or obstruction
between them two, he separated them i.e. two things or two
persons facing each other, yr^- : A thing intervening as a
separation, a partition, a fence, a barrier or an obstruction
between the two things facing each other, jl**- is so called
because it forms a separation between Nejd and Ghor or
between Nejd and the Sahara or between Ghor and Syria or
between Nejd and Tihameh. j£ J*£j : And Who

placed between the two a barrier (27:62). c/,yr^- hs- °y> {J£* Ui :
And none of you could have withheld Us from him (69:48).

[aor. 2J6 inf. noun 1^-] : He or it prevented, hindered impeded,
withheld, restrained, debarred, forbade or interdicted; he
repelled, turned away or averted a person from a thing.

cuTU : This is what you shunned or from what you
turned away (50:20). o^-^ 1 & : He sharpened the knife,
<d\tj^u : He looked sharply at him or it or intently or
attentively. %»■ ^J^-ii : So sharp is thy sight this day
(50:23). : Prevention, hindrance, an impediment a restraint,
inhibition, prohibition or interdiction; a restrictive ordinance or
statute of God; a bar, an obstruction, a partition or a separation
between two things or places to prevent their mixture; a limit or
boundary. JUJl jjl^- : He exceeded the limit. ijjJ- (plural).
Jjl iji^ : These are the limits set by God (2:188); a definition;
the end extremity or utmost end of a thing; the edge; arms or
weapons; a side, region or quarter; station, rank or standing.
sJ^- : sharpness of a sword or knife or the sharpness of temper.

: Iron; sharp sword; weapon; iron tool; &Jj*Ji uJjjt : We
have sent down iron (57:26); like iron in sharpness (plural
JJ\JJ-). j£j : A man sharp of intellect or understanding.
IiJjJ- ^'jaa : Thy right or intellect or judgement is sharp
this day (50:23). S-u^ i^lj : A pungent odour, alJU* ilJb ^jiL-

plural of : They smite you with sharp tongues

167

(33:20). SSil^-jl aSt : He was or became his enemy; he was or
became angry or enraged with him. -SJL31 Si?- ^jiijj : They love
those who oppose Allah (58:23). ^ °J* : Verily he
opposes Allah (9:63).

<-J Jy?- [aor. inf. noun o^] J*^' 4^ : The man was or became
hump backed; he had a protuberant back and a hollow or
receding chest and belly; it was or became protuberant. It rose
or grew up or out, high i.e. it became convex. <0s- : He
was or became affectionate to him. hs- : He defended him.

: High or elevated ground; Jej^ j* <^&- : Rugged or high
ground. *UJi : The elevated waves of water; the rolling of
water in waves; also means, a slope in a declivity; a
swelling produced by beating upon the skin; the intenseness of
the cold of water. <5j^ ^ cyt f*j : They will come forth
from every elevated ground (21:97).

djJj>~ [aor. 4j.Uj inf. noun and : It was new or recent, it (a
thing) came into existence; it began to be; it had a beginning; it
originated; it existed newly for the first time, not having been
before. When the word is mentioned with it is written
as in the saying dil^-Uj ^iSU : Old and new ideas and
anxieties came into my mind. : He (God) brought it into
existence; originated it; invented it; innovated it; He talked of
it. d>jJ-\: He originated an innovation. ^J"i <JjjJ-\ :

Till I speak to thee concerning it; or should tell thee about it
( 1 8:7 1 ). \y>\ L_&'i j& d>jJ4 ^ J*J : That Allah may bring about an
event (65:2). <u jl : He talked of it, related it; he told
it. ill I g& Uj $°)"^\ : Do you talk to them of what Allah
has disclosed to you (2:77). d>jj*i liku Uij : And of the
favour of God you talk or proclaim (93: 12). ; A novelty or
new thing; an innovation; a thing not known before. &jJJ> y>\ :
An innovation, jj^i : Innovations; new things. dJ^?- :

A piece of information; news or tidings; a story or narration; a
thing; an account; an information; a discourse; a tradition or
saying of the Holy Prophet or simply a saying; a thing talked of

168

or narrated; subject of a story or talk; new, recent; existing
newly, for the first time not having been before; as also <£oU- :
Brought into existence for the first time, not having been
before; originated; invented; innovated as also <1>jJJ>. Ji
dJ-M*- : Has the story of Moses come to thee (20:10). j»-
sjs. dJj^- ji \jj>j*j : Until they enter into some other discourse
(4:141). <5>?ji *~>fj ^ ^ '■ In what announcement will

they believe after Allah and His Signs (45:7). <Ui* dJj^ lydi :
Then let them bring a saying like it (52:35). iJj>A 6^ : It
is not a thing that has been forged (12:112). dJi^i (plural).
dJi^-i j : And We made them subject of talk or we made
them stories (23:45). dJIat^l JjjtfJ^ : And He will teach

you the interpretation of things (12:7). j °y> J"i °y>
£>&J>: And no new admonition or reminder comes to them
from their Lord (21:3).

[aor. inf. noun ISA*-] 4-4** «^ : He looked at it; he opened
his eyes and moved his eyelids or twinkled with his eyes. ijte-
<ju : The people encircled him from every direction or side.

cJ^-l : The meadow became a garden. : A walled

garden; a garden surrounded by a wall; any round piece of land
surrounded by a fence and the like, or by elevated land; a
garden without a wall; a meadow or garden having trees; a
garden of palm-trees and grape-vines a dense and luxuriant
garden full of fruit-bearing trees; a distinct collection of
palm-trees; a plot of seed-produce; a hollow in a valley that
retains water, (plural : Gardens and

vineyards (78:33). Qpjil^-j : And thick gardens.

3«^" [aor. j!** inf. noun : He was cautious, wary or vigilant;
was on his guard; he took care; was in a state of preparation; he
feared. sj-^-j' flji^-ji : He was cautious of it; was on his
guard against it; prepared himself or was in a state of
preparation against it; he feared it. iUi* jl j 4*- : He was afraid of
doing it. OjJi jjJ- : Death was an object of fear. Ci'^^'/jJu :
The hypocrites fear (9:64). j^^J : Taking care of the

169

Hereafter (39:10). jib- : He feared death. y$\ : He

cautioned him against or made him to fear the thing, ilil
'CJi : Allah makes you to fear Him; cautions you against Him
or His punishment (3:31). ]X^j\]j^- : Caution, vigilance,
wariness; guard or care; state of preparation or fear; means of
defences. .Ul : He took care, was cautious or vigilant, fa
ojJijA^- : And they were thousands fearing death (2:244).
(iTji*- : And take your means of defence; make your
preparation or take your precautions (4:103). fa&ti j& p*> :
They are the enemy, so beware of them (63:5). j^- and jj^-and
jit*- : Cautious; wary; vigilant; on his guard; careful; in a state
of preparation; fearfulness; fully equipped with arms. ^U^J Uij
<5jj^ ( plural of jil^-) : And we are truly a vigilant

multitude (26:57). ]jjJij> : A thing which is feared (pass. part.).
1 "/jjJJ> l^i Oil* h\ '■ Surely, the punishment of thy Lord is a
thing to be feared (17:58). jjl^ JT tfjl lJiIj : May God
preserve thee from every thing that is feared. ajjAA^ : A
calamity that is feared; a troop of horses making an hostile
attack upon a people; a sudden attack; a punishment. j^'
o^jji : He is more cautious than the raven. i&j : Beware

thou of Zaid.

jf" [aor. y^. and j*j and ^ inf. noun \y- and Ijj^ and y-
•aI*Ji (aor. j^u) : He freed the slave, y- : He was free born or of
noble and free origin; he was or became thirsty; It (the day) was
or became hot. iUJi^- (aor. "yu and j^u and : He heated
water, j^- (inf. noun *ji : he devoted him to the service of
the church or religion or God as long as he lived. obSp' :
He wrote a writing or a letter well or elegantly, accurately or
exactly; ~te*y> y,j*& : So the freeing of a believing slave
(4:93). j'jxl : Freed from slavery; emancipated; a child devoted
by the parent to the service of a church or religion. 33 OjIj °j\
\'/j?J> J>S»:Y have vowed to Thee what is in my womb to be
dedicated to Thy service (3: 36). jjy- and "f- : Heat; a burning
of the heart from pain or wrath or distress and affliction or
trouble; difficulty or severity of work. ^Ji J> ^jj^ '• Do not

170

>

march in the heat (9:81). jj'y- : A hot wind; (syn. with fj*->) or
jj^- is a hot wind in the night and sometimes in the day and
fjL* is a hot wind in the day and sometimes in the night or
interchangeable; the heat of the sun or heat absolutely; constant
heat; the fire of Hell. jj>Ji Uj jiJiUj : Nor the shade and the
heat (35:22). Jl£ : Hot. : The state or condition of
freedom. J- : Free, ingenuous or free-born; generous or noble
or of noble origin, ^rjll^ : The most prominent place of the
face; >Ub ; S /S\ : The free for the free (2:179). >:> : Heated by
or affected with wrath, etc. as also jjy^ : Silk or dressed silk;
a garment or stuff made of silk, y.f-^yt fftQj '■ And their dress
therein will be of silk (22:24).

«-J j?- [aor. ^>'Jh inf. noun 4^r*"] ^r* - : He plundered him. 6/ :
His property was despoiled. : He waged war with him,

warred or battled with him; he was or became hostile or an
enemy to him; he disobeyed him, namely God. iBl hy.^A 'Jl&\ ;
Those who wage war with Allah; and became His enemy or
disobey Him (5:34). ^>°/A\ *~>j^ : He stirred up the war. \y'^>
ijO^jl : They waged war against one another. : War,
battle, fight, conflict. <l>°f- cJ6j : War happened between
them. JIp 40^' : The war or battle became vehement.
o/*Jl jjl : A warrior; a great warrior, 4^ J^j : A vehement or
experienced warrior, ^j^- 6/ Ul : I am an enemy to him
who fights with me or is an enemy to me. ^ & l^itl : So
be prepared for or apprised of war with Allah (2:280). 4*'^ :
The upper end of a sitting-room or of a house or tent or
chamber; the chief or most honourable sitting-place; the place
where Kings and Chiefs and great men sit; a high place; the
highest chamber in a house; a chamber to which one ascends
by stairs; a King's closet or private chamber; the station of the
Imam in a mosque; a place of worship; a place of assembly;
ol^Jl J>i Uif : Whenever Zachariah visited her in

the chamber (3:38). The plural is 44j^ meaning, palaces;
places of worship etc. 44j^ jf '^S* & by**i : They build for
him what he pleased - palaces, etc. (34: 14).

171

& f [aor. £>yn and <L> inf. noun ^>°y\ JUJi d)^- : He earned
wealth and collected it; di'y- : He sought after gain and
laboured diligently; he laboured for the goods of this world; he
sowed; ji»jSf1 : He tilled or cultivated land; he ploughed
the ground and sowed seeds on it. A3\y>\ : He had frequent
sexual intercourse with his wife; Sjilli : He emaciated the
beast and fatigued it by journeying on it. jUi : He stirred
the fire; yti\ : He examined, studied and investigated and
looked into the affair, i^iil : He learned the thing and
applied himself to its study. £>°f- : Gain or acquisition,
recompense or reward; a lot, share or portion; worldly goods;
Vj>H\ £>°j?- ijji o* '■ Whoso desires the reward of the Hereafter
(42: 21); seed-produce; tilled or a place or land ploughed for
sowing; land under crop; crop or produce of land whether
field-crop or garden crop; a wife as in lJ&)*- ul£ i.e. how is
your wife; a road or beaten track or the middle of the road.

<1>°j?- ^jX-J : Your wives are a tilth for you (2:224).
J-Uij : He destroys the crops and the progeny of men

(2:204). tiy'jPijC Vj>\ : Do you see what you sow (56:64).

: A sower or cultivator of land; one who eats much; a
greater eater.

y~ [aor. inf. noun £ : The thing was or became

close strait or narrow. ^> : His bosom became strait or
contracted. J^Ji ^ : The man committed a sin or crime for
which he deserved punishment; ^y- : He was in difficultly or
he became straitened, particularly by the commission of a sin or
crime; he became disquieted and contracted in his bosom, and
he doubted because doubt disquiets the mind. cJr y- : The
eye became dazzled or sank in its socket and its vision became
straitened, i^Iil £j> : The thing became forbidden to him;
&\^f- : He betook himself to him for protection from a
difficulty or strait. jU*Jl £ f- ■ The dust rose in a narrow place.

: Straitness; or difficulty; a sin, an objection or harm or
blame; a crime or an act of disobedience for which one
deserves punishment or straitness which is the consequence of

172

sin or crime. £^ = i.e. no harm, no sin or crime or

blame; • No crime, sin, blame or harm on thee.

£j£ t-Tjli j> j& : So let there be no straitness in thy bosom
(7:3). kiS **Sfl ^ j-J : There is no sin or blame on the blind
man (24:62). also means, a piece of wood upon which a
dead body is carried or a bier. It is also applied to a she-camel
which is lean or lank. £ y- and also means forbidden or
prohibited.

ij?- [aor. inf. noun : He repaired or betook himself to

him or it; he aimed at, pursued him or it; he prevented,
with-held, hindered, prohibited or interdicted him. iy~ (inf.
noun sj'j*-) : He separated himself from others. (aor.

: He was angry with him. iy~ : Aim, intention or pursuit;
anger; rancour or enmity which one retains in his heart,
watching for an opportunity to indulge in it; prevention,
prohibition or interdiction. jdjiiS s°y- Jip : And they went
early in the morning determined to achieve their purpose or
having the power to prevent (68:26).

j*> J*- [aor. and j»j>H inf. noun 'C*'y- : He guarded him,

took care of him. J>'_f - also means, he stole or he stole by night;
he stole sheep or camels by night and ate them. In this, this
word is used ironically. J-jt£ (plural is J^) : Guarding or
preserving; a guardian or keeper. jlkLJl y_f~ ; The guards of a
sultan. J-lj£ also means a thief, used in this sense ironically
because guardians are sometimes found to be thieves.
means, a very long time. jU-^Ji means day and night. laUl^-jl
Ct'j* cJti : So we found them full of guards (72:9).

jfi J*- [aor. inf. noun U^>-] J*^" : He rent the skin or clove
it; he stripped off or removed its superficial part. <0s- [aor.
Jpjxj] or j^y- (aor. J* ) : He desired it vehemently; he
hankered after it; he strove hard or took extraordinary pains to
obtain it; he was excessively solicitous or careful and fearful
respecting him; he was excessively compassionate to him.
Qd\ Js- uiw^-lU : How excessively desirous art thou of the

173

worldly things. j>\A\ Je'^ pfc^^j : And thou wilt find them
most covetous of the people (2:97). means, more and

most vehemently desirous. ^e>y-°Jj *I~Ji £ \°jijJa \ j*J/x . °«3 °J> j:
And you will not be able to do justice between wives even
though you wish it excessively (4:130). jiiUa Jl£ j> yu jl : If
thou art solicitous of their guidance (16:38). j^y- (act. part.),
^lip Jajy- : He is ardently desirous of your welfare or
compassionate to you (9:128).

tjfi'f' [aor. Je'fH and Je inf. noun U»j^ , and Je J- aor. Je'j*k inf.
noun U>^-, and Jo y- aor. Jp inf. noun 3-^1^-] ^and
and : His stomach became in a corrupt or disordered

state; he became in a corrupt or disordered state and sick, or
diseased so as to defile himself in his clothes; he became
emaciated by grief or by excessive love; he became at the point
of death and he suffered protracted disquietude of mind and
disease; ( jp'y- : He died or perished); he was or became low,
base, mean; unable to rise from or quit his place or possessing
no good; he was or became neglected and forsaken, je'y- :
Corruptness in the body and in the intellect and in one's course
of conduct; a man in a corrupt or disordered state; sick or
diseased; a man having his stomach in a disordered state; a man
suffering from or protracted disquietude of mind; weary or
fatigued; at the point of death; emaciated by grief or by
excessive love; heavily oppressed by disease so as to be at the
point of death; extremely aged; old and weak; withering,
possessing no good etc. U?^- ^°j>3 j»- : Until thou art wasted
away (12:86). L&y- : He excited, incited, urged or instigated
him and roused him to ardour or to apply himself constantly or
perseveringly. Juipi Ji> o^jXJi jp'f - ; Urge the believers to fight
(8:66).

[aor. & and inf. noun ^y-] *&rj : He

turned the thing from its proper way or manner or altered it
therefrom. <<JU °J> <3J. : He suffered the loss. Jj&l : He
altered the word from its proper meaning, uuyu (inf. noun)

174

signifies the altering of words from their proper meanings.
t*&\'y> jf- '■ Pervert or alter the words from their

proper places (4:47). is* t3^*i : He leaned or turned to one side.
JhaJ isj^ii : Turning away for the purpose of returning to fight
(8:17). : The extremity, verge, border, brink, side or edge
of anything; pointed, sharp or edged summit of a mountain. 5*^
ty\ & ij'jp- J* : Such a one is standing aloof with respect to his
affair; plural) Jl* aXs» Km ^L)i ^: And among men
there is he who serves Allah standing as it were on the verge
(22:12); a letter of the alphabet ( ^j^plural); a particle; a
word; a dialect, an idiom or a mode or manner of the
expression, peculiar to certain tribes of the Arabs. The Holy
Prophet said: »J^-i Jlp &\°Jl\ J ji : The Qur'an has been
revealed according to seven dialects. ijkL* J>\ \% ■
Such a one recites in the manner of Ibn Masud.

[aor. Jj^i inf. noun ii^J- : He filed it; he rubbed one part
of it with another. kiy~\ j\ *3y- : He burned him or it much or
frequently or repeatedly. : It pained him; or caused him

burning pain said of beating or a blow. 5^4 : Such a one
annoyed, hurt or afflicted us. : He blamed,

upbraided or reproached him. : He or it destroyed or
caused him or it to perish. : It burned or became burned

much or repeatedly; or it perished, dijs^-li ]i> & : In it is fire, so
it became burned (2: 267). Oj-^'j 0^ : They said

burn him and help your gods (21:69). : Heat or cold or a
wind or some other cause of harm that burns or nips, shrinks,
shrivels or blasts; anything burnt; the flame. Jay^ v 1 '^ :
Taste ye the punishment of burning (3:182).

Oj^ [aor. JJ'j^i inf. noun \tj>- and 3"^- aor. inf. noun tf^-] :

He or it moved; was or became in a state of motion or
commotion, : He moved it or him stirred, agitated, shook
him or it. lJ&UJ <o : Move not thy tongue therewith

(75:17).

^y- [aor. inf. noun ^ and ^'A an d an d f an d ^ >H

175

fr^Lii fa : It (a thing) was or became forbidden, prohibited
or unlawful; to him a thing (or a man) was or became sacred or
inviolable or entitled to respect for him. *^£jl &y- (aor. ) :
He denied him the thing; he refused to give him the thing. ^ y-
(aor. fyu ) : He persisted or persisted in litigation; he litigated.
i^lS\ fa : He was denied or deprived of the thing, fay**
(j)°y>°$'jkj> plural) : One deprived of or denied something; held in
respect or reverence. fay*&'} ^tllJ : For him who begs and
who is denied (70:26). tiyj'j** : But we are deprived

(56:68). *fay> Vjjs& ^ : He forbade, prohibited or made
the thing unlawful to him. ^uii Jlp | J&Jl cJ^- : I have forbidden
myself injustice or I am above injustice or wrongdoing; '»*y- :
He made or pronounced it or him sacred or inviolable or
entitled to reverence or respect; he bound it hard; he denied
him the thing. Ja^Jl 'f&s- fa list : He (God) has made unlawful
or has forbidden to you which dies of itself (2:174). I y*)\ fa :
He (God) has made unlawful or has forbidden interest (2:276).
lUi & j-^ 1 1 ji^j : And you kill not the life which Allah
has made sacred (6:152). £i>lj*Jl d*y-j : And We prohibited
to him the foster mothers (28:13). *>Jlf»l cSy- : For
bidden to you are your mothers. (4:24). fa* ( **yt* feminine
cj\*yj> plural) : Forbidden, prohibited or made unlawful; made
or pronounced sacred or inviolable or entitled to respect. faJ& :
The first month of the Arabic Calendar, p&\y-\ p&fc fa* j*j :
While their expulsion was unlawful to you (2:86). X*y\*
h~> : Verily, it will be forbidden them for forty years

(5:27). (y\£\ : Near Thy sacred House (14:38). fl> :

Forbidden, prohibited or unlawful; sacred or inviolable; ( fa
plural) applied to a man signifies, entering into fa or the
sacred territory of Mecca and Medina = f y** which means, in
or entering upon the state of f\y-\. ^y^s'^Sv. The Sacred
Month, fj^itjfi^i (Plural): The Sacred Months or the
forbidden months, namely 3a*iJiji, A^Jiji, fa*+&, liji
^yti^j^i^ £JLJI : And when the Sacred Months or forbidden
months have passed (9:5). f\y*i\ : The Sacred Mosque.

176

\i$ : The Sacred House. & JL3 ^ijl JsSjkii :
They ask thee regarding fighting in the Sacred Month (2:218).
^l^Jl ^lUJi i : They should not come near the Sacred
Mosque (9:28). c42< t>r?^J : Nor repairing to the Sacred

House (5:3). j J*^ tJH» : This is lawful and this is

unlawful (16:117). l»u£Ui Jte ^l^j : And it is forbidden to a
town which We destroy (21:96). ^>Ji jiiiili* SJJi Ijjfill : And
remember Allah at fi>Ji >JUfr (2:199). fl>Jl : Is the

name given to a small hillock in Muzdalifah which lies between
Mecca and Arafat. ; The state of being forbidden,
prohibited or unlawful and of being sacred or inviolable or of
being respected; sacredness or inviolability; respect or
reverence, ( oU^- plural); a thing that is or should be inviolable
or sacred or revered or respected; a compact, covenant or an
obligation; a promise or assurance of security, that should be
regarded as sacred or inviolable or the non-observance of
which is blamable; a shore, portion or lot. JoUai oU^Aiij
(plural): And for all sacred things there is the law of retaliation
(2:195). fUl oUj^ : The inviolable ordinances and prohibitions
of God and inviolable things or what it is incumbent on one to
perform and unlawful to neglect or all the requisitions of God
relating to the rites and ceremonies of Pilgrimage. j*j
Jji cj&y- : And whoever respects the sacred ordinances of Allah
(22:31). : A female relation whom it is unlawful to marry.

\£ 'j&j 4I : She is unlawful to him and it is unlawful
for her to marry him. ^.y- : Anything forbidden; sacred;
women; apartments of women; Sanctuary; precinct; pilgrim's
cloak; a friend; a partner. ^ y-j* '■ Such a one is a sincere
friend.

t£[f- [aor. ijyn] '■ It decreased or waned after increase, is'y* : He
sought after; aimed at; pursued; tried to obtain it or made it his
object; he sought what was most suitable, fit, or proper to be
done, ji^' J> : Seek the night of Destiny in

the last ten nights. <s"y*3 : He tarried, waited in the place.

^Jj* 3 : These have aimed at or sought after the right

177

course.

VJ^" [aor. 4>J*i\ ■ It (an event) befell him; distressed him; it
overcame him suddenly or unexpectedly. : He was or
became a member of his party; he helped or aided him. Ijij^J :
They became or formed themselves into parties; they collected
themselves together, o)*- : In its primary acceptation, means a
party of company of men assembling themselves on account of
an event that has befallen them; a party, portion, class of
division of men; the troops or combined forces of a man; his
party; partisans or faction ready for fighting and the like; any
party agreeing in opinions and actions whether meeting
together or not. jj*^ 1 (*■* ^ ^jT Ife '■ Surely, the party of Allah,
they shall triumph (5:57). & ffcd : So that We

might know which of the two parties was best able to calculate
(18:13). ^j^ 1 Oj^j^ 1 tj : And when the believers saw the
allies (parties or troops) (33:23) oljMll ^ '^>$i> <3bM ^31 : I
fear for you the like of what befell the parties (40:31).

£> j?" [aor. <5 j~ inf. noun 5}^] : He grieved, mourned or lamented; he
was sorrowful or unhappy; and : For him or it. <uj?- (aor.
^jAi inf. noun 5j^) : He or it (an affair or an event) grieved
him or made him sorrowful or unhappy = : It caused him
to fall into i.e. grief; sorrow. Sj^ and Sj^ '■ Grief,
mourning, lamentation, sorrow, sadness, unhappiness; contrary
of £ji or jj'j* i.e. happiness, and is equal to ^ but fa or
generally and according to common usage is for some evil that
is expected to happen whereas is grief arising out of an
unpleasant event that has happened or on account of an object
of love that has passed away or a roughness in the spirit,
occasioned by grief (plural jlj^l i.e. griefs), ^lip
tiyyxj : No fear (about the future) will come upon them, nor
will they grieve (about the past) (2:39) Cij^\ s-**' <sU\ JUAJl
: Praise be to Allah, Who has removed grief from us (35:35).
jiy- as also jjj 5 ^ : Grieved, sorry or sorrowful. jij^ ^j** : A
soft, easy, plain tide or melodious voice.

178

j**?- [aor. J*?*j inf. noun U^-] <u~?- : He killed him, and extirpated
him or he slew him quickly; he slew him with a quick and
extirpating slaughter; he made his sound or motion to cease;
J*^ : It was utterly destroyed so that nothing was left in place
thereof. He trod them underfoot and despised them. J*^

£jjJl : The cold killed, nipped, shrunk, shrivelled, blasted or
burned the seed produce, °<^°y~*j ^ : When you were slaying
and destroying them (3:153). ^AUl Jj- : He put the meat on the
ambers. (aor. and J^h ). : He believed in the

news; he believed it to be true. j'jUJ JJ- : He was or became
tender or compassionate towards' him. t^ijl J^-i (Inf. noun
J«L^}) : He perceived the thing; he knew the thing by means of
any of the senses. : He perceived; he saw; he felt; he

knew; he thought or opined. Z#u> <J~ls> J^-l ills : When

Jesus perceived their disbelief (3:53). UJIj Uil : When they
felt or perceived Our punishment or might (21:13) fa J^lJ Ja
j* : Canst thou see any one of them (19:99). Ci^y, lj-LlAx4 :
So search for, or inquire about Joseph (12:88). J4-?^ : A
sound; or a low, faint, gentle or soft sound; motion; slain or
killed; sound by which a person is perceived; the passing of
anything near by one so that he hears it without seeing it. I)
lg~uL^>- jjiuJ4 : They will not hear the faintest sound thereof
(21:103). j-^- : A sense; faculty of sense; any motion or low
sound; a pain that attacks a woman in the womb after child
birth or the pain of child birth. j>\'y& '■ Hearing; seeing;

smelling; tasting and touch. J-lj£ : Cold and hail and

wind and locusts and beasts. fal^ : Injury befell them.

e—*?" [aor. inf. noun CU~ and IjL~?- and UCL?- and UL1?- and "CL^
and "&^\ : He numbered, counted, reckoned or calculated
or computed it. ( UCL?-) which means numbering,

counting, reckoning, calculating; computation; ilio Jjj^l iljij
oil?- Jju_ : Allah bestows His gifts on whomsoever He pleases
without reckoning (2:213). ^l^i\l2f-j : And on Us the
reckoning (13:41). oL-^Ji^jJjAj : And He is swift at
reckoning (13:42). oU^ 1 fj^fj* : On the day when the

179

reckoning will take place (14:42). s-Jg-i 3oL~?- jaUj :

And thou art not at all accountable for them (6:53). Ujil
4jL~?- : And I had not known what my account was (69:27).
4 4rr^ : A reckoner; or giver of what is sufficient. C-J- alib JiT :
God is sufficient as a Reckoner or as a Giver of what is
sufficient or of gifts. CLJ- <t^> ^s- jli" &\ 5] : Surely Allah
takes account of all things (4:87). : A gift according to

one's works; a sufficing thing; a large gift; memorable actions;
a great number; the reckoning of causes of glory or of what is
numbered; a number or quantity. £J*J- ; Sufficiency; sufficient.
L_£J'i : This is sufficient for thee. £Ui ^SLU- ; God is

sufficient for thee; may God punish thee = lS^LJ-. ^Jl l$fb
aIJi lX^ : O Prophet, God is sufficient for thee (8:65). =
CLJ- : A reckoner; an accountant, j^-^ 1 £j-*' J* J CSw- 1 ^ plural
of Cr"^") : And He is the Quickest of reckoners (6:63). dCU- :
Thunderbolts; small arrows; IglU J^>xj : And He will send
on it thunderbolts or a thunderbolt (18:40). d^^'- A
punishment; a calamity or affliction with which a man is tried;
evil; mischief; locust; dust or smoke; fire; small arrow; ULI^ =
l^L^-; j^Lzl^j : The sun and the moon for reckoning;

^LLsL ^iijij JJ-iJi : And the moon and the sun according to a
reckoning (55:6). (aor. and 4-r 5 ^) : He esteemed,

thought, or supposed him or it to be so. u4JU» Aalo- : I thought
him to be good. *I*Ji I jJ^^i ^ '■ Do ^ou think that you

would enter Paradise (3:143) ji^-iu Uii °^L^S\ ; Do you
think that We have created you without a purpose (23:116).
'C^- : He reckoned with him. : He called him to

account for it. i^ji> ClL^ : So We called it to sever

account (65:9). C~~^\ : He thought and counted the affair.
\yr\ : He reckoned upon a reward or he sought a reward

from God. ^JAJ : And He provides him whence

he does not expect or count. b\lsAl j UUJi <jUa*j ^>L> ; Whoso
fasts during Ramadhan believing in God and counting upon or
seeking a reward from Him. fli^U d llx* -\ : I learned or
endeavoured to learn what knowledge he had. C~L?~ (aor. 4~^4) :

180

He was or became of good actions or nobility. C~J- (<l>\**J-\ is
plural): Measure, quantity; amount, value; honour, distinction;
merits; noble pedigree. S— : Man will be
paid according to the amount or quality of his work.

[aor. xU6 and inf. non i-^- and xU-\ *^Jjl ^ or
i^ijl al~?- : He envied him for the thing or he envied him the
thing (wishing that he might be deprived of it). di£t*i> Jl* al~?-
: He wished that he possessed courage like him (without
wishing that he may be deprived of it). Thus 1^- i.e. envy is of
two kinds Good or bad. The first kind of l^J- is that the
possessor may become deprived of the thing he possesses and it
may become transferred to him; the good consists in the
1->1?- wishing that the good thing possessed by the Sj-lA^ might
also be possessed by him, the possessor also retaining it. ijj^-
duT : May God punish me for my envy if I envy
thee. 1^- : Envy; or the wishing that a blessing, or a cause of
happiness may depart from its possessor and become
transferred to one self. & : Out of envy from

their ownselves (2:110). This is the predominant meaning of

but as shown above is used in good sense also.
Envier; one who envies (plural Vy~S- :Envious. ij^JJ> :

One who is envied. jAdl f' : Do they envy men? (4:55)

x~J- lit Jl-iUJ- "jJi» : And from the evil of the envier when he
envies (113:6).

[aor. 'jUu and ^Ju. inf. noun \^J- and ijj-^-] and [aor.
'j~^h inf. noun l^l^-and [aor. 'j-^h and j~r^

inf. noun tjj-^-] : The eye became fatigued and dim and dull.
s.{ s h\ : The thing became manifest. iUil : The water
sank and disappeared; or became low; or retired. aftiJl :
The beast became tired or fatigued so that it was left to remain
where it was. (inf. noun 1^1*-). j-^ or j-lAsI>l and j-*^ : He
became tired, fatigued or jaded or he (the beast) fell down from
fatigue. 'j^Jc^\ : He was tired and felt weary. iJ j*JJt
i^j-^j^ulj : Pray to God and do not be weary or feel weary or

181

tired. ^jj~^»LJUj : And they do not weary (21:20). ^lUj-^-
(inf. noun : He grieved for it or at it; he regretted it; he

felt or expressed grief, sorrow or regret on account of it. VjLS- :
Grief or regret; intense lamentation or expression of pain or of
grief or of sorrow ( d>\'^J- : plural), j^s- ti'jU- \j : O my grief or
regret for it. jC*Ji Js- Sj-l^-U : Alas for the servants (36:31).
IgJ Qej U JXp : O our grief for our neglecting this Hour

(6:32) ^fe cjVj-Jt <^JUii djl '^J : Thus will Allah show

them their works as anguish for them (2:168) $ :

And thou warn them of the Day of Regret (19:40). ^ jf- t'j~J-
: He removed it, took it off from a thing which it covered.
^f^J ^jL^r : The girl removed the veil from her

face. 'j^J- : He drove the beast till it was tired. *J~~*- :
Tired, fatigued or jaded; sight that is dim, dull or hebetated and
failing; grieving or regretting or grieving intensely on account
of a thing that has escaped one. *jLJ-j*j L-»U ' r cQ>\ CM4 :
Thy look will come back to thee confused, while it is fatigued
(67:5). jj-lAi which is pass. part, noun of «j-l?-) : Removed;
put off; taken off or stripped off; hence a man who has given
all that he had so that nothing remains in his possession; tired,
fatigued; exhausted; grieving or regretting, being syn. with
*Jr^"' tjj-lAi U)JU .Uflxi : Thou sit down blamed or exhausted
(17:30).

[aor. '{-Jh inf. noun ^J-] <u~*?- : He cut it; or cut it off entirely.
J>)*Ji ^J- : He cut the vein and then cauterized it to prevent the
flow of blood. J-ii5i ^ ^J- (inf. noun f j-^-) : He strove, toiled
and wearied himself in work. : It caused them to perish.

^\~*J- : A sword; a sharp sword. ^J- ail) : A lasting night; a
night of lasting evil, fj-^ : Unluckiness or in auspiciousness.

: The Days that are consecutive with evil; or that cut
off or prevent good or prosperity; disastrous Days. C'jJJ- :
Consecutively. ^\ ijUij jd \&y*~> : He caused to

blow against them for seven nights and eight days
consecutively (69:8).

182

j-*^" [aor. j^Jh inf. noun tul?-and : He or it was or became

good or goodly, beautiful, comely or pleasing. £;j ^J- : Zaid is
very good, lilij lJ^JjI j^J- : Excellent or very good companions
are these (4:70). \Ms°J> d> J^ j : And excellent is as a place or
rest (18:32). ^y~p-\ : He did that which was good; he did well, p
\°y^J-\ j \y\s\ : Then fear God and do good (5:94). : He

made or rendered it good or beautiful; he embellished or
adorned it. ^ JT j^J-\ : Who has made beautiful every
thing that He has created (32:8). ^> AS : And He did good
to me or bestowed upon me a favour (12: 101). tjS'j* j~J-\ %
He is my Lord, He has made my stay beautiful or good or
honourable (12:24). iJO] £Ui j yU-\ Ui" J^lj : And do good as
God has done good to thee (28:78). L-J~'\ : He knew it well, j*
~4>.yA\ j^J4 : He knows well the Arabic language, or^'j kl^fa
aj: How good he is. ^J- and : Good; excellent; goodness
or goodliness; beauty or comeliness; just proportion of the parts
of the body to one another; anything that is desired; anything
such as is approved by the intellect; such as is approved by
natural desire; what is approved by the intellect or by sight or
by mental perception. dJji- : A tradition of good authority.
jJJ- j ^J- means also good, pleasing or pleasant discourse or
talk. \iZJ- jtlii : And speak good words to men (2:84). Ul j
^ istj : Or do them good (18:87). iy* C^J- jli p :
Then does good instead after evil (27:12). °J) •

Though their goodness (or beauty) please thee (33:53). *AJij
JUJi jl*- : It is Allah with Whom is excellent home (3:15).
Vy>H\ y ci^'i '■ And excellent reward of the next (3: 149). J? ju
Lj- uji aJl : Will lend Allah a goodly loan (2:246). utf l&Jlj
Ll#- : And He caused her to grow an excellent or good or
goodly growth (3:38). ?■ 1% 'J~*'yA\ : And He might
confer upon the believers a good benefit (or favour) from
Himself (8:18). k~^>-(plural oL^ and feminine of j^-) : A
good action or act; an act of obedience to God; the reward of a
good action; a good benefit, benefaction, boon or blessing;
abundance of comforts and conveniences of life; ampleness of

183

circumstances and success. "a^J- LJJJl j> LJl l4j : Our Lord grant
us good in this world (2: 202). "^J- A*lii> £jLiJ <y : And who
makes a good intercession (4: 86). h^J- 5j^l Jjl Jjl>j : In the
Messenger of God an excellent exemplar or excellent example
(33:22). oClii jlaij 5] : Surly, good works drive away

the bad ones (11:115). (feminine is *tul?- and ^-^-)
denotes the comparative and superlative degrees of
£~J-\ : Then they follow the best of it (39:19). jl^tfl ji : He or
it is better and best; he is more and most beautiful. £j j^J-'\ jaj:
And who is better in faith (4:126). j^JA ^ jAl p&s&j '■ And
argue with them in a way that is best (16: 126). pjis j^Ja j> : In
the best make (95:5). : That which is better and that

which is best; the good final and ultimate state or condition; the
vision of God; Paradise; victory; martyrdom. iUT cJjj
(^-^Ji : And the gracious word of thy Lord was fulfilled
(7:138). iUitfl *&j : And to Allah belong all best (or

perfect) names (7:181). l j^J>i\ \j)\*sZ>\ jdJJJ : For those who
respond to their Lord is eternal good (13:19). ty djM'j J*
J^ZJ^S t£&-\ ; You do not wait for us anything except of the
two good things victory or martyrdom (9:52). S 1 -^ (plural of
5-^ and and > and &\'Jt?- of* : Therein

are goodly beautiful ones (55:71). ^L^^yts- : Beautiful
carpets (55:77). '■ Benefit, beneficence; goodness; favour,
kindness, courtesy; best way. The Holy Prophet is reported to
have defined as i\j j& i\j lJo'iT &\ jlk> & :

That you worship Allah as if thou see Him or as if He sees to
thee. jUPjflj jA*JbJi°G ih\ l\ : Verily, God enjoins justice and the
doing of good to others (16:91). o 1 -^ r*j**>l '■ And those who
followed them in the best manner (9:100) o 1 -^ ^Lr^ : Send
them with kindness (2:230). en*** ( O^rr^ J dyr** plural and
feminine oL~j*i) : One who does good to others; righteous
one; one who has much knowledge; j~~k^\ y> ijly Lit : Indeed
we see thee of the righteous or of those endowed with
knowledge (12:37). J* J : And he is the doer of good

(2:113); <5>~^ (plural); ^°y~JJ!* ^ jiJJlj : An d those who do

184

good (16:129); oL-AtU ApI ( oL~j*i is the plural of k*~JJ>
which is feminine of }r^) '■ He (God) has prepared for the
women among you who do good (33:30).

[aor. 'j^Jh and 'j~Jh inf. noun "j^J-] J-bJlj-i*- : He collected the
people; He collected the people and drove them, <u£j jf> s'jSS- :
(1) He banished him from his native country; (2) he compelled
him to emigrate, lllil '^j^- : The year of dearth destroyed
their camels and other quadrupeds. ; He made the

knife sharp and thin, J>°y-'^ tyj : The wild animals shall

be collected together or shall be raised to life (81:6). ft

jiUi : And We shall gather them together and will not
leave anyone of them (18:48). J<M J?°r^ $ '■ Why hast Thou
raised me up blind (20:126). ^JJ- : Gathering; collecting;
bringing together. ^1*4 l^^JiJ- ^SS} ; That is a gathering easy to
Us (50:45). j-Liil JjV : At the first banishment, a reference to
the banishment of Bani Nadhir, a Jewish tribe of Medina, by
the Holy Prophet, after the battle of Uhad as a punishment for
their treachery, "j^- : One who collects together or
congregates; a collector of spoils. (plural of "j^-).

5ij4^ ^Ui' (J : And send into the cities summoners (7:112).
i'/jjiJJ> : Things or beings collected. ijjJj^^Jai\j : And the
birds gathered together (38:20). "jJJu> : A place of
congregation. jJL?Jl ^ : The Day of Resurrection. j-iAJi ^ :
The Day of Resurrection.

L .^» [aor. 4-^^ and 4-?^ inf noun and s-^*"] : He

threw at him, or pelted him with pebbles; he pelted him; c~*a?-
*Li*Ju : The wind cast or drove along pebbles, jul C~a*~ :
He threw firewood into the fire; he kindled the fire with fire
wood. : Stone or stones; fire- wood or what is thrown into
the fire; fire- wood prepared for fuel; firewood with which a fire
is lighted. £fr : The fire wood or fuel of Hell (21:99).
4~?^ : A pelter or thrower of stones. ^ : He is

a thrower of stones i.e. a calumniator, and not a friend. £4j
4—?^- : A violent wind that raises the pebbles (as also K*?^), or

185

a wind that carries along the dust and pebbles and a wind
casting down pebbles from the sky; a punishment from God;
dust containing pebbles; clouds or clouds casting down snow
and hail; pebbles borne in the wind; small particles of snow and
hail scattered about; a large number of men on foot. J~>^> jl
£f\*- : Or He send against you a violent wind (17:69). li Iwjj 1^
: Our day was one in which pebbles were blown about by
the wind.

j t &t ~fl 9 - J4-^1 ji*Ja?- : The man walked like the walking of one who
is shackled; the man strove or laboured hard; the man exerted
himself; the man took extraordinary pains; the man exceeded
the usual bounds in his affair; the man lay down upon his
breast with folded legs, : He moved the dust to

the right and the left. ji^a?- jsi\ : Now the truth has
become established; now the portion of truth (from has
become distinct from that of falsehood; now the truth has
become distinct, apparent or manifest after concealment
(12:52). i^lil jipJo?- : The thing became distinct or manifest
after having been concealed.

-UfiJ"- [aor. JLai< and inf. noun X*a*- and iUo?- and SU^-] 'Xa»-
^jjJi : He reaped or cut with sickle the seed-produce, ^aja?- Ui:
And what you reap (12:48). Julil (Jili^ : He cut or moved
them down with the sword; he slew them with the sword; he
exerted his utmost power or he exceeded the ordinary bounds
in slaying them with the sword; he exterminated them with the
sword. lilUl ii^iJi £33 & '■ He who sows evil reaps
repentance. SUa?- and Sua?- : (1) The time or season of reaping;
(iUa?Ji ^3 lia : This is the time or season of reaping) (2) what
remains of seed-produce upon the ground among the lower
parts of the stalks of that which has been reaped; (3) what falls
off and becomes scattered of seeds of leguminous plants when
they dry up; (4) the fruit or produce of any tree. fliUa?- ^ :
And give His due on the day of harvest (6:142). IL^ : Reaped
seed-produce; mown down with the sword like reaped

186

•La?-

seed-produce; harvest that is cut down; seed produce torn up
and carried away by the wind; slain or cut down with the sword
like reaped seed-produce. •aIa^ 1 Grain that is reaped; grain
of wheat and barley, etc. that is reaped (50:10) 31**- j p& ^ :
Of them some are standing and some have been mown down
like the reaped seed produce (1 1:101).

j-A*- [aor. 's&j and 'j^> inf. non »ya> : He or it straitened,

even passed or surrounded him; he or it confined, imprisoned,
detained, restrained, withheld or prevented him. : It (a

disease or hostile party) detained, restrained, withheld or
prevented him from journeying or from a thing which he
desired. fljJa?- : He took the whole of it, acquired it, took it to
himself. J^'j-a*- : The man was or became unable to express
his mind; the man faltered in speech by reason of shame or
confusion of mind. ^JJuj^ : He concealed the secret;
fljl^j-^- : His bosom became straitened, hs-'j^- ; He was
unable to do it. ; He was or became niggardly ; tS'^\ j>
3 : He faltered in reading. ^jj-Li {J>j : They come to
you while their bosoms shrink from fighting you (4:91) ^J^i
Jji J^J °J> (jj-a^-t jijJi : For the poor who are detained in the
cause of Allah (2:274). ^jj-i^-lj (Uj^j : And take them and
beleaguer them (9:5). jA*Ji '^a'j^o^ (t'j^\*u> inf. noun): The
enemy besieged or beleaguered them, t jj-k?- : One who has no
sexual intercourse with women though able to have it,
abstaining from them from a motive of chastity; who is
prevented from having it by impotence; who does not desire
them or approach them; castrated; very careful or cautious; who
abstains from a thing through fear. t!ij ijj-i?- : Chaste and a
Prophet (3:40). *J~**- means a king, because he is secluded or
because he prevents those who go to see him from having
access to him; a prison; a mat woven of reeds; a garment or
ornamented piece of cloth captivates hearts by its beauty when
spread out; a bed; a sitting place; the surface of the ground;
water; a road or way; a row of men; i^l^- 'Jt &**rj :

And We have made the Hell a prison for the disbelievers;

187

(17:9) jj-iA^ (= *Js^-) '■ One who is straitened or one who is
besieged in a fortress; or one prevented or detained or confined
or restrained from doing a thing; one suffering from
constipation.

JJa^- [aor. J-i*4 inf. noun JjJ^-] jJw- : It came out or became
apparent; it came into existence; it became realized; it came to
pass, happened or took place or befell; it remained and
continued. jja£ : He produced, extracted, or fetched out; he
made a thing apparent; he prepared; he separated, discriminated
or distinguished; he perceived a thing; he attained or obtained
it; he took or got or acquired; he collected. jjJuJt j> U J-i*- :
And what is in the breasts shall be made manifest; or
discriminated; or collected in the registers (100:1 1).

j-^*" [aor. jjtaj. inf. noun aiUa^- and Li»- and L^-] : It was or became
inaccessible; it was or became fortified or protected against
attack. ~a\y>l\ c~Ja?- j\ c^c^\ j\ c~oJ~\ : The woman was or
became chaste; or she abstained from what was unlawful or not
decorous; she was or became married; she had a husband. jUa^-
: A married, chaste, noble and free woman; a pearl or
large-pearl. c~ua?-i also means, she became pregnant as though
pregnancy protected her from a man going into her. L&i j\
: He guarded or preserved or defended or protected him or it.

j~e&-\ : He married the woman i.e. gave her in marriage.
J4pl j~a*-\ : The man was married, : He married. ^AjAiJi
"H^ CSt '■ Chastity preserves from suspicion. £jjsJl L&i :
Marriage protected him from what was unlawful. IMJ :
And when they are married (4:26). c^a^\ ^sJlj : And the
woman who guarded her chastity; who preserved her
pudendum from what was unlawful; who was chaste (21:92).
jjL>£ °y> ^l^si : To protect you in your wars (21:81) it* Ul
tijL&j : But little that you may preserve (12:49). «$U^j (in the
case of a woman): To be free, noble and of sound intellect; to
be validly married; to be chaste and of the age of puberty. cA^ 3 '■
He entered the i.e. fortress or protected himself by it or

188

made it as a place of abode; he protected or guarded himself in
any way; he (a horse) became a i-e- a stallion. Ua*tJ jijl b\ '•
If they intend to remain chaste (24:34). ija*- : He fortified or
protected it; he made it inaccessible. &°Ji\ c-wa*- : I built a wall
round the village and thus protected it. kja*j> iS j J> $\ : But in
fortified towns (59:15). jJa* : A fortress; a fort; a fortified or
an inaccessible place; a fortified city ( plural); j*^^
^^-i^ : That their fortresses shall protect them (59:3). oL^U
(singular k^Ai) : Married women; chaste women; free and
noble women. otww^Jl ^y'J, : Those who accuse free,
chaste, married women (24:5). j^-fAi ( cr9^ singular) Chaste;
free and noble; married men. ^iLJ>^s. : Marrying them

and not committing fornication (4:25). 5^ : A generous or
high-bred horse; a male horse fit to cover i.e. a stallion. It is
called as such because he preserves and guards his rider. »i\'J>\
5Ua^- : A chaste woman; free and noble; married woman as also

La*- [aor. inf. noun \*yp*-\ Li?- : He denied or refused. K**- : I
cast a pebble at him. ^o^- ; He had a stone in his bladder. <s ^\ :
He numbered, counted, reckoned or computed it; or he reached
the last number thereof; he retained it in his memory; he
understood it; he registered its number; he recorded it; he
comprehended it. j^A £Ui iS #£\: God has comprehended
every thing by His knowledge or has a complete knowledge of
everything. LaUa?-i Ul fl^i"lJj ijL^ji&J} : It leaves out nothing
small or great but has recorded it (18:50). l^tsT aLli^-i *^«5> JTj :
And We have recorded every thing in a Book (78:30). IjjUj
La^-iAj U Jji cUJw : And if you try to count the favours of Allah,
you will not be able to number them (14:35). <J*?-\ c&'r^^ & '■
Which of the two parties would better reckon (18:13). ^Jo*- :
Pebbles or small stones; things that one throws, like the dung
of sheep or goats.

Jo*- [aor. JoAj inf. noun Ua*- and Ua?-] j$\ Jip : He incited,
instigated or urged him to do the thing. j»CJLJl ^Ut> Jip TAjU j :

189

Nor do you urge one another to feed the poor (89: 19).

[aor. 'j^oAj inf. noun and sjUa?- and SjUa?-] : He was or

became present; he came after having been absent; cij
ajUsJi : The time of prayer arrived; : He was present

at the meeting; C]s ; He attended a lecture. OjJ' :
Death came to him. o jji ya*- lit : When death comes to
or befalls one of you (2:181). $\ i'jja*- : Anxiety befell him.

also means, he lived or dwelt in the towns (inf. noun

SjUs^). jjji U-liJi lijj : And when relatives are

present at the Division (4:9) djj^M £>' 4^5 L-Syij^j : And I seek
refuge in Thee my Lord lest they come to me (23:99). S^aAl :
He made it ready or prepared it. U JLa; e~J£ : Every soul

will know what it has prepared or what it has brought (81:15).

J^Sli : And souls have been brought to face with

covetousness or covetousness has been made to be present to
the souls or covetousness is met within men's minds (4:129). p
6vr J> ^j-isAJ : And then We shall bring them around
'Hell' on their knees (19:69). >J\j*S\ j^>\?-: He gave ready
answer. <w*j sjjel^ : He disputed with him about his right and
overcame him. ^UJ- : A man present; lJCUJi is : He is
of those who are in the presence of the king. <s iUl j& ^
£\'j*i\^<JJ>}\ : Whose family do not reside near the Sacred
Mosque (2:197). 5j^l£ aji^Ji : The time of Prayer is ready.
"j^^-: A man staying or dwelling in a place or in a town or by
water (cont. of iU); a great tribe or company of men. [^'j^*- :
The great tribe of Tayyi. '^>^ ' jU^U ij-^JJ • And they will find
all that they did before them (confronting them) or before their
eyes (18:50). «j-i>^ (feminine of ). «j-i>^ Sjl^J: When it is
ready merchandise (2:283). t^\^- eJlT : Which stood by
the sea (before or in face of the sea) (7:164). ^aAi : Present.
i^aAJ J^- ls> c-LpU : Will find present that which it has done
(3:31). and ckr 6 ^ (plurals of ^*>U) : Present, ^rti

^jj^AX! : So they will be brought up or made present (37:128)
^JjiwUil ja : I will be among those brought up or caused to
be present (37:58). ^teU : A man afflicted by demoniacal

190

possession; thing or place to be attended. j-teLo o^-Si : Every
turn or time of drinking shall be attended (54:29). "j^6> : Place
of assembling or where people are present.

Ja^- [aor. Ja^ inf. noun Ja*-] &a?- : He put it down from a high to a
lower place. ia#- : He put down from him his heavy

burden, tyjii Ja*- : Put Thou down from us the burden of our
sins. ^UJaJi J> Ja*- : He ate much of the food, y^- °J> JaAii : He
descended a declivity. iaAij : The price became less. 5"^ ^c^>\
« jjj : He asked such a one to relieve him of his burden. ; A
petition for the putting down of a heavy burden or merely the
putting down of a burden, ik?- IjJjSj : And say: Put down from
us our sins or Thou put down from us one heavy burden of sins
which is all?- ujijji ^iS\ Jak?-i : (2:59). is also decrease or
state of diminution in respect of rank or station. Ja*^ : A place
where one alights and abides and iL**.

<wJfi5>- [aor. inf. noun CS^-\ CJa*l\ CJs^- ; He collected firewood.
'do*- : He collected firewood for him or °j> :

Literally he collected firewood in his rope i.e. he aided or
assisted. *j CJa?- : He calumniated or slandered him. 5"^
j^ks ^s- : Such a one incites or instigates against such a one.
CJa*- : Firewood; the pieces of trees that are prepared for fuel.
j-Ui CJa*l\ J^«j4j : He goes about with slander or calumny
among people. CJ&~ also means, the prunings of a grape-vine.
Qa?- £&1 : They will be fuel for the Hell (72:16).
cJa?Ji tilU- : And his wife, the bearer of slander (111:5). j*
jpJi One who confuses in his speech and in his affair.

jjs5>- [aor. ^Ja?4 inf. noun UJa?-] Uia?- or Ua?- : He broke it; he broke
it into pieces; he or it crushed it. Umj : They crush

one another. LUi U*^i : His family rendered him a broken old
man. %r^\ : Old age broke him or made him infirm, far
(aor. p&H) : It broke or became broken in pieces. lp- :

The beast became aged and emaciated and weak broken with
age. People crowded upon him. o 1 *^ ^^Ja^j\i

: Lest Solomon and his hosts crush you (27:19). f»lia?- :

191

Broken pieces; fragments of eggs; the shell of the egg; &m\ ^Ik?- :
The perishable goods of the present world. Ulk?- p ; Then
it becomes chaff or broken pieces (57:21). Uk?- : A vehement
fire that breaks in pieces everything that is cast into it; it is also
a name for Hell or Hell-fire; a man who eats much i.e. breaks
everything in eating as also pai- ; an insatiable man; a large
number of camels and sheep or goats; a paster having little
mercy upon the cattle. ph^i\ ; The wall of the of the
Ka'ba. UiaAJi J> ^'x+S : Shall he hurled into the crushing fire or
disaster (104:5).

Ja?- [aor. inf. noun ^J&-] i'£u>- ; He forbade it; prohibited it;
interdicted it; \X> 'JaJ- : Such a thing was debarred from him
by something intervening. fljiL^ : He took it to or for himself.

: He made a for another; he confined cattle in a *'J&>-
i.e. an enclosure of wood or of canes or reeds for camels, goats
or sheep to protect them. ijjjL^o iljas. ^iTUj : And the gift
of thy Lord is not restricted (17:21). jjlUjl : Forbidden;
interdicted; restricted. : The maker of a *'J&- i.e.

enclosure. Ja&J*\\ \y\& ; They were like the dry fragment
of trees which the maker of an enclosure collects (54:32).

t - 1 f

Ja?- [aor. la*H inf. noun Ja?-] : He was or became rich, wealthy, or in

a state of competence or sufficiency. JL*- : Fortune; good

fortune; a share, portion or lot or a share or portion of

something good, jl^^l JjM- J*? J'ty : For male is like the share

of two females (4:12). ^as- jJU 'a\ : Truely, he possessed of

mighty good fortune (28:80).

*• * i , i , i i' , '

[aor. J&u. and J^j inf. noun li^] » ji?- and <u I and <d Iji*- :

They went round about him, circuited or surrounded it or him.

e43b : The people circuited the House of God. p&i*-

a^-I^Ji : Want beset them. : He surrounded it or him

with the thing. ^ ixii*- : I surrounded it or him with them.

jAij Uibti » -j : And We surrounded them with date palm

(18:33). 3l£ : Going round about, circuiting or surrounding;

one who goes round about, circuits etc. Sy- cyt ^4^' ^'y 's

192

J>jii\: plural of ^31?-) And thou see the angels going round
about the Throne or surrounding the Throne (39:76).

Jjj?- [aor. inf. noun li*-] : He went quickly; he was continuous
in his course; he was quick, active, prompt in service or in
doing a thing; he served and worked. liAij l_C3i : We
hasten to Thou and are quick in serving Thee. JiiJi J> : He
was quick in work. oXe*- : He served him. "t'xso- or SbU-l (singular
: Assistants, helpers or auxiliaries; servants; a man's grand
children or son's children or a son's children; a man's children
or grand children or daughters who serve him; such relatives as
are termed jlfii or jb^l; or one's wife's sons by her former
husband.

[aor. inf. noun \y^] Jfij^'j**- : He dug or excavated the
ground; ali j Ail 4^ 1^ ^ : He who digs a pit for his
brother, he himself falls into it. i^lliy^- : He knew the utmost
extent of the thing. : He emaciated the she goat.

(aor. j&h) : It was or became in a bad or corrupt state. : A
ditch, pit, hole, cave, grave. jUi ay^ ui> ^ f&j : And you
were on the brink of a pit of fire (3:104). Vj^- : Dug ground;
the original state of a thing; that wherein it was created
returning in a thing so that its end is brought back to its
beginning. °J> ji <tf^ ^ : He returned by the way by
which he had come. ^\ £frj : He became old and decrepit
(as though he returned to his first state). J> ,5jSjS^J u l * b'^yk
SjiUii : Shall we indeed be restored to our first state i.e. to life,
or to the present world as it were, or to our first creation after
our death.

Jai^- [aor. JsjUj inf. noun JajU] V < Jd\ iai?- : He preserved, kept,
guarded or took care of the thing; he prevented it from
perishing or becoming lost; JUJi Jai*- : He kept tended or
defended the camels and like. <*^-U» Xa'J- iai?- : He was regardful
of the honour of his friend, ^-lii JaA?- : He kept the secret;
K»k : He kept his oath. o'yOi Jai*- : he learned the Qur'an by
heart. kl-J JaA?J "tfte ; Such a one guards his tongue against

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misuse. aJL31 Jai*- Uj k_4*M ^LkiU- : And they guard the secrets of
their husbands with what Allah has guarded (4:35). UbM JaiAjj :
And we guard or protect our brother (12:66). ^UjI \°JLb?-\j :
And do keep your oaths (5:90). J>*i\ Js- Jail*- : He attended or
applied himself constantly to the thing or affair.He watched
over it. ojUJi Js- i)£il*- : And watch over the Prayers; attend to
your Prayers constantly or perseveringly. (2:239). i^lii ik<U^.i:
He asked him to keep, preserve, guard or take care of the thing;
he placed the thing with him to keep it or take care of or guard
it; he entrusted the thing to him. aXJi oi^^ ijiiiw^iU-> : For they
were required to preserve the Book of Allah (5:45). 1% : To
take care, being mindful, attentive or regardful; protection or
guarding or care. Ughfl-»- flij^j : And the care of them burdens
Him not (2:256). ^Ual) : With light and made it to guard
(41:13). iii^ and (plural is djH^ and t ^ai^- and JsUL?- and
aJiiU-) : Keeping, preserving, and guarding; a Keeper, watcher,
guardian defender. jI*Ji lai\?~ : A man whom sleep does not
overcome. lilASi jj^kJi : A distinct and direct road. JaliAJi : One
of the names of God meaning The Preserver and Guardian of
all things. ^-"J^- tflli : And Allah is the Best Protector (12:65).
(SjiiUi I aJ Uij : And We shall surely guard him well (12: 13). Uj
j^al*- UT : And we could not keep watch over the unseen
(12:82). ~&to- b>°J-J '■ And He sends guardians over you
(6:62). Jali^- ^ Jlp 5) : And surely my Lord is guardian
over all things (11:58). olisil*-(singular Aliil^- which is feminine
of £ib>-) : Guardians. £Uait*- obll : Obedient and guardians of
the secrets of their husbands (4 :35). SjiA^ : Preserved,
guarded and taken care of; a young child; a thing kept and
retained in the memory. °J> : In a guarded tablet

(85:23). JaliiSij JaiiASi : That angel who records the good and
evil actions of a man.

[aor. J»u inf. noun uU] : He walked barefooted; his feet
became chafed by much walking; his hoof (said of a horse)
became abraded; he showed him much honour and kindness
and affection; he behaved towards him with benevolence and

194

solicitude; he manifested joy at meeting him; he asked much
respecting his state. [J»- : He asked much respecting him
and exceeded the usual bounds in doing so. <b ui*- or bU- : He
honoured him; he denied him or refused to give him. SuU-t : He
made him to be barefooted; he made his feet chafed; he
repeated it; he importuned him in asking the question. "J»- :
Showing much honour and solicitude and manifesting joy at
meeting another; asking or inquiring much about another man's
state; going to the utmost length in questioning; knowing in the
utmost degree; being importunate in inquiring. ifi*- ^ jlf 'a\ :
He (God) is very kind or gracious to me; He knows much about
me; He answers my prayers; He is considerate to me (19:48).
Igl* l-SoiT : Well-acquainted therewith; importunate in
inquiring about it; knowing much about it (7:188). ( Sla^-
plural) : Barefooted.

Jj^- [aor. j^j and &y„ inf. noun : It was or became suitable to
the requirements of justice, wisdom or truth; it was or became
just, proper, right, correct; it was or became authentic, genuine;
it was or became established as a fact; it became binding,
obligatory or incumbent or due. &- : He established it as a
fact; he believed it to be true and genuine. ibUaJl ^jfe j£ :
Perdition became their due (7:31) J jilt jf- lil : Verily, the
word became due from Me (32:14). oULt jAi : My punishment
became due (38: 15). *U^Jl l_0* : The sentence became due
on thee. A^-iAii cJ£ : The want happened or was severe, j^j
\JS Jiij jl : It is obligatory or incumbent on thee that

shouldst do this. j£ U : It does not become thee. : He
rendered it suitable to the requirements of wisdom, justice etc;
he rendered it binding, incumbent; he established it as a fact.
•loUSy ,3>Jl illl : Allah establishes the truth with His words
(10:83). c^j Ifjji cJilj : And listens to its Lord and it is
incumbent on it or it suits it or it becomes it (84:3). 12^ «^ : He
prevailed upon him because of truth. J^>\ : He demanded it as
his right or due; he had a right or title or claim to it; he
deserved or merited it. jjlil j^>] : The debt has become due;

195

the time of its payment has drawn near. C3\j*sZ>\ : He
committed a sin of which the punishment became due or for
which he deserved punishment. Uil U^llil U^i : They have
committed a sin (5:108). '^Ss- J^>\ : They gave false evidence
against them or they were guilty of a sin against them (5:108).
j^Ji or ^ : A truth; an established fact; a right; equity and
justice; a thing that is decreed or destined; a thing suitable to
the requirement of justice, truth, wisdom; what is binding or
obligatory; what is just, proper, right, authentic, genuine, real;
an established fact or truth which is undeniable; veracity in
discourse; prudence; a share or portion; property or possession;
death, Jji It-j 5] : Verily, the promise of God is true (10:56).

j*Jb ; ols£fl Jjj : He (God) has revealed the Book to thee
containing the truth or in agreement with the requirements of
justice, truth (3:4). j^Ji j^ww- $\ : Now the truth has come to
light (12:52). f j^AJij JJtilJ &- Jti : In their wealth there
is a due share for the one who asks and one who is deprived of
asking (51:20). fljAl j£ ih\ Uj : And they do not honour
Allah with the honour due to Him (6:92). j9~?j*Jl ^> \& : It
is incumbent upon Us to save believers (10:104). fy„ tjilj
aiUa?- : Pay His due on the day of harvest (6:142). '■
Adopted, disposed, apt, meet, suitable, fit, competent, binding.

jsJl Ul aJl J* Jjfi 0 ji JLp j^- : It is binding, that I should not
say anything of God except the truth (7:106). : That

which is sure to befall; a severe calamity or affliction which is
sure to happen; a great, formidable, terrible event or occurrence
(69:4). j£l : More or most worthy; more or most suited; proper,
deserving; more or most just; has a better or best right or claim
or is more or most entitled to it. It is comparative or superlative
of tjj*?a aJJiI : Allah is more worthy that you should
fear Him (9:13).

eJb- [aor. Cj&u inf. noun CJ?-] 'ja^\ CJo- : The rain was delayed.

: The affair became disordered. is used both as
singular and plural.When used as singular its plural is IjUU-I and
when used as plural its singular is CJ?-. Plural of CJ?- is both

196

ot% and C>\i^\. £J*- and : Time; indefinite time; long

time; an age; a year or years; seventy years; eighty years or
more. ^aX\ j\ : Or I will go on journey for years (18:61).
iJtiW 1^4 ^ : They will live in it for ages (78:24).

[aor. inf. noun and ^iZ y>±- : He judged

between them or gave judgement or decided judicially. ^J-:
He exercised judicial authority, rule or dominion over him.
aJJi JjJl Uj (44j : So judge between them by what Allah has
revealed (5:49). : He ordered, ordained or decreed such

a thing. y>^\j <0s- ^>J~ : He decided the affair against him. i) :
He decided in his favour. '<u&-\ jl : He pulled the

horse by the bridle to stop him; he restrained him. (aor.
P&h) : He became i.e. wise. C)ySJij Ca£ °& Ui : What is
the matter with you? How judge ye? (10:36) : He made
him judge or he ordered him to judge or allowed him to judge.
USV: He litigated with him; he disputed with him. iii^-l: He
made it firm, solid, sound or free from defect or imperfection
by the exercise of skill; he put it on a sound or solid footing; he
learned it thoroughly or well, uj^' : Experiments

rendered him sound in judgement. y$\ J- '^SJ^\ : He prevented
or withheld him from the affair. dJJ*J-\ : Whose verses have
been made unchangeable (11:2). ££J- : Originally signifying
prevention or restraint, signifies judgement or judicial decision;
judgement with equity or justice; wisdom; rule; dominion.
\5J-\ uSj- j> Oj-iolij : Does not let any one share in His
judgment (18:27). LJjiU) : None can reverse His

Judgement (13:42). iXi* j sUlii : We gave him Wisdom and
Knowledge. '■ Primarily or properly what prevents or

restraints from ignorant or foolish behaviour, hence signifies
wisdom, knowledge or science, equity or justice; obedience of
God; knowledge or interpretation of the Holy Qur'an; the gift of
prophecy or Prophethood; The Holy Qur'an, Gospel, the Law of
Moses; the Book of the Psalms, Ui^Jij : And he

teaches them the Book and wisdom (2:130). : Wise;
possessing knowledge or science and wisdom; a physician, ifalj

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p£ : Allah is All-Knowing, Wise (4:27). : Judicial

authority; dominion; rule. *S&- or ££V (plural f^*-) : A judge;
an arbitrator or umpire; an arbiter. fUtJ^Sl : Shall I

seek forjudge other than Allah (6: 115). : Then

appoint an arbiter from his folk (4:36). : The Supreme

judge. 'J*£^ '■ The Wisest of those who are qualified to
judge or possess the attributes of wisdom. (95:9) £&J> : Firm,
stable strong, sound, solid; decisive in meaning; a passage of
which the meaning is secured from change and alteration and
abrogation ( U^Ai feminine. oUiAi is plural of UiUJ). lili
U&J i'/j^ dijil : When a decisive Chapter is revealed (47:21).
oUiAJoljilw : In it there are verses that are decisive in
meaning (3:8).

J*" [aor. JAj inf. noun 5ai*ji JA : He untied or opened a knot.
^jUJ »jJ& ji^-lj : And Thou loose the knot from my tongue
(20:28). JAalso means, he dissolved or melted the thing; he
solved a problem; he analyzed a thing. JA (aor. JA; and inf.
noun JA and Sl)JA). Jjl^l JA : The punishment of God was
or became due to take effect upon him. ji JA : He

alighted or descended or lodged etc. in the place. jS Cj JAj j\
: Or it alight near their home (13:32) 4^1 4^1 J*-
olA*)l (i^-^j 1 : The punishment befell them or alighted upon
them, l^as- <OJ> JAAj j^j I^ps- J^-i : Lest My wrath descend
upon you and he upon whom My wrath descends (20:82). JA
jjlil (aor. J^tJ) : The debt became due. jjlit^llpJA : The
payment of the debt became obligatory upon him. jL»2\ JJA
(inf. noun U*u) : The oath became expiated. j?'} IS

^UjI : God has sanctioned for you the expiation of your oaths
(66:3). JA (inf. noun J*-) : He was or became free from an
obligation or responsibility; he quitted his state of ^'J-\. lilj
ijilkjsll : And when you quit the state of you may
hunt (5:3). 5l*Jl Sl^iil e~A : The woman quitted the appointed
term ( Sip). JA (aor. J*u inf. noun J">A or J*-) : It (a thing) was
or became lawful, allowable or free. j$ J*uU : It is not lawful
for them or permissible to them (2:229). J^il 'J^^hfi ■ Was

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lawful for the Children of Israel (3:94). Jl> fe- ll» : This
is lawful and this is forbidden (16:117). JJbl CJ1 : Thou

art free from obligation; Thou art lawful i.e. thy killing is
lawful. (90:3) J#- : The animals of sacrifice arrived at the
place where they should be sacrificed. jL»2\ J#- : He fulfilled
the oath. jlAl ji J^l (transitive of J^-) : Made lawful; made to
alight, *JUl J^l: God has made trade lawful (2:276). tdUW U]
uXfljjl : We have made lawful to thee thy wives (33:51).

°pv>°ji ijL^j : And they made their people land or alight
into the abode of ruin (14:29). J^-i is passive voice from J^i;
oCkJi : And pure things have been made lawful to you

(5:6). J*- or J*^ : Permissible, lawful etc. J*- means also a
woman free from any obstacle to marriage. As for instance by
having fulfilled the flic.. JwJ (active participle from J#-l) : One
with whom it is lawful to fight; or when it is lawful to slay; or
who has no claim to protection or respect; a man who violates
that which is sacred; one who holds a thing to be lawful. 'J£
jJL^Jl Joy : Except that you should not hold game to be lawful
(5:2). J£A*- (Singular ULbi- and J4^-)- '• A fellow lodger or
fellow resident in one house; a husband; a neighbour; a guest.

Jj^-j : And the wives of your sons (4:24). : A place
of slaughter of an animal of sacrifice (2:197); the term or
period of falling due of a debt. '<d*J> ^igil : Until the

offering reaches its destination (2:197).

Udf [aor. JiL*j inf. noun Jib*-] *JJb t^i*- : He swore by God. Ci^-
He swore it was so. (Jls Jl* & laI?- : He swore to him to do
such a thing. Jill^ : One who swears. ^SU- : One who swears
much or often. Jju jjib^j : And so they swear by Allah
(9:42). jkrtJj : And yield not to any mean swearer

(68:11)/ '

jif [aor. jjl^j inf. noun LaJL^-] Jo- ji iir} ji^ : He shaved his head. jjU
i^lil : He peeled the thing; he made the thing according to a
measure. Jo- : He filled the pond, Jo- syn. with ji*- has

an intensive signification and denotes frequency of the action

199

and applies to any subject. yJb\ ^ft : The moon had a halo
round it. : They sat in circles. (**~>j *j tjil^J Lij : And do
not shave your heads (2:197). t'j <yftJ> '■ Having their

heads shaven (48:28).

UlU : He cut or severed his fjlU i.e. windpipe. fjlU- : The
windpipe or passage of the breath. : The confined or

extreme parts of the country. ^ jiUJi cifc lil Ujii : Why then
when it reaches the throat (56:84).

[aor. ftj inf. noun ^ and ft] <u)J ^4 ^ : He saw a dream or
vision in his sleep. <o ^ : He saw a dream of it; he saw it in
sleep. Si^Jb ft : He dreamed in sleep that he was compressing
the woman. ft*-\ j\ <^Ji ft : The boy attained to puberty or
virility, ft (inf. noun ft) : He was or became forbearing; he
forgave and concealed offences; he was or became moderate,
gentle, patient and intelligent, isp ft : He treated him with
forbearance and clemency, ft and ft (plural : A dream
or vision in sleep. Syn. with bjj but specially as is evil.
(Tradition) o^K^ 1 & ft^^J 4^ '■ The Ijtjj is from God and

ft is from Satan. d>\L&\ : Confused or evil dreams. Uj
<5~«4-jv ^J-^i\ JjjIsj : And we do not know the interpretation of
such dreams (12:45). ft : Puberty. ftl\ JlibSli $ : And
when the children among you attain to puberty (24:60). ft
( ftJ-\ plural) : Forbearance, patience, moderation; intelligence.
ftxi\ J-ljjsl means ji*Jl J-ljjsl i.e. the wisdom - teeth. fty>\3 f
1% i^^Al : Do their reason and intellect enjoin this upon them
(52: 33). f^iwJJ : Persons of understanding. ^ :
Forbearing; clement; wise and intelligent. is one of the

attributes of God. Q?- jji* 4JJ1 j : And Allah is Most Forgiving,
Most Forbearing (2:226). ^ft- aj'jIj : And We gave him
the tidings of a forbearing son (37:102).

[aor. inf. noun ft] ~t\°yA\ eft- : I gave ornaments to the
woman. d~U- or d~Ui : She acquired or wore an ornament or
ornaments or she made for herself an ornament or adorned
herself with an ornament, or the former word may mean: she

200

had an ornament and the latter, she adorned herself with an
ornament. Sl^iJl Jio- : He adorned or decked the woman with an
ornament or ornaments. j* jjl^l & l$J : They will be
adorned therein with bracelets of gold (18:32). (plural "J*-
and Jo?) and O*- (plural JU- and J^-) : An ornament of a
woman, of stone, gold, silver, jewels, gems etc; any ornament
with which a woman adorns herself. Qs* j\ O*- iUsj] : Seeking to
make garments or utensils. "A** °yt ^ cr"J-* fJ* :
And the people of Moses made in his absence out of their
garments a calf (7:149).

[aor. (i^j inf. noun U^-] «.UJi ^ : He heated the water. iiA^Ji ^ :
He melted the fat. \^ : God decreed for him such a thing.

U^- : He perused his object. J^-^Ji 1J- : The man became
affected with fever. ^'Jj- j ^ aJU : He has no object in his
mind except thee. : The most vehement heat of summer;
hot or boiling water; cold water; the rain that comes in the time
of vehement heat; sweat; a relation for whose case one is
anxious or whom one loves and by whom one is loved; an
object of love; an affectionate relation; a beloved; a man's
brother; friend; true, affectionate or warm friend. & o'j-* $
1*4*^ : They will have a drink of boiling water (6:71). J> h'y^A
: They will be dragged into boiling water (40:73). jili 0 j
\Z^J- : And a friend will not inquire after a friend (70:11).
The Arabs say oik : May thy sweat be pleasant i.e. thy

health be good or thy body be sound. fj»*H : Smoke; or black
smoke or intensely black smoke; a black mountain; the canopy
that is extended over the people of Hell. ^y**A °J* : And the
shadow of black smoke (56:44).

Uj>- [aor. UAj] jj\ U#- : He cleansed the well of its black (fetid)
mud. jJ\ CtSjJ- : The well had in it black (fetid) mud in
abundance. yJi U^-i : He threw black fetid mud into the well.
4lU j^J- ; He became angry with him. U^- : Black mud or black
fetid mud; J£\ j^- : A man of evil eye who injures with his
eye whom he sees and admires. : A well, spring or pool

201

full with black, fetid mud. IsjJ- Js- j> >L>jc ; Setting in a pool of
murky water (18:87). ^ est '■ From black mud wrought

into shape (15:27). ^ : Abbreviated letters standing for "The
Praiseworthy, the Lord of Honour; The Protector of the Book
and its Revealer ( Jjli) etc. (43:2).

*Uj>- [aor. inf. noun 1^-] l-AT Jl£ sl*^ : He praised, eulogized or
commended him; spoke well of him for such a thing; : He
requited him; He gave him his due. is cont. of and is
formed by transposition from which signifies, he praised
him, etc. for something depending of his own will, thus
describing a pearl as clear is not H?- but it is £1*. For
difference between and £t> See para No. 803. .W- :
He was angry with him. I jAAi ^ Uj I jX^Ju <5j~*-! : They love to
be praised for what they have not done (3:189). 1^- : He
praised God much or repeatedly, li^-l : He did or said that for
which he should be praised or which was praiseworthy. JJJ-'\
i^lS\ : The thing was or became praiseworthy, i^iil &J-'\ : He
found the thing praise worthy, sli^i : He made it manifest that
he was worthy of praise; he approved of or praised his action.
II*- : Praise, eulogy. j^JUJl 4*j *k I»^' '■ All praise belongs to
Allah, Lord of all the worlds, : One who praises much.
1X*J> : A man praised much or repeatedly; a man endowed with
many praise worthy qualities. l°yJu> : A person or any thing
praised; exalted etc; : Worthy of praise; praised,
eulogized; spoken well of; mentioned with approbation, etc.lt
is an intensive epithet. IL**- lg* ^ 5' 'j^'j : And know that
Allah is Self-Sufficient, Praise worthy (2: 268). >J&£ j» J»*
iS^AjS Ulii : It may be that thy Lord will raise thee to an
exalted (much praised) station (17:80). Jj^j iJ] uiAi U j :
Muhammad is only a Messenger of God (3: 144). iwl ij^> °j» Jit
JU^-t : Will come after me whose name will be Ahmed (61:7).

y*p- [aor. yJ4 inf. noun ^y^\ : He pared a thing; stripped it of its
superficial part. 5UJI j^- : He skinned the sheep. jU^ (plural
^U-^ and yJ- and j^-) : An ass. tjULl>i J^Ai jU?Ji jiii' : The

202

likeness of an ass carrying a load of books (62:6). yS-\ : Red.
yJ- (plural of (**^' 'y^~ '■ Highbred camels or excellent

camels. j^J'j JMj J4^j : And horses and mules and asses
(16:9). VJl&L * Igilf : As if they are frightened asses (74:51).
yJ-j jeLi ilJr JC^Ji ,y>j : And among the mountains are streaks
white and red (35:28). s'j^Wj J\ c-L»jl : I have been sent
to the red and the black (Tradition). jeQH^ yJ-^ : Gold and
silver.

J^-?- [aor. J^j inf. noun Jii- and Ji^- and o"^ - ]- : He bore or
carried it or carried it away. tj#> Jlp i^iil J*£ : He bore, carried
the thing upon his back; ^yLLiJi l_xUJi ^ ji^ji LU^-j : And We
carried their offsprings in the laden ship (36:42). ^j*
Ijjj : He shall carry a heavy burden on the Day of Resurrection
(20:101). l\°yA\ cJl?~ : The woman became pregnant. dJU#-
Uli^ : She carries or bears a light burden (7: 190). J^> U ^ £Ut
Jai J^ - : Allah knows what every female bears (13:9). CS^\ '^ :
He went about spreading calumny or slander. <Ja^S\ iiCJ- ;
Woman who goes about slandering (111:5). *U#- : He gave him
a beast upon which to ride. $iJl iU#- : He carried him or
mounted him upon the beast. aUAj I^jS <u cjU : Then she
brought him to her people carrying him on a beast (19:28). U tit
aIU |i>i»Al U l^rtU cii j»4V*4 ^j 5 ' : When they came to thee so
that thou shouldst mount them (give them beast upon which to
ride), thou didst say, ' I cannot find whereon I can mount you
(9:92). Ji^- : He showed or manifested anger. ^ J^?-

J> : He tasked himself or fatigued himself beyond his
power in walking, J> He attacked him in the

fight, j^t Js- aJU^ : He incited him to do the thing. <o J^- : He
became responsible for him. S^JsJl cJU?- : The tree bore or put
forth its fruit. jl^SJl J**- : He committed the Holy Qur'an to
memory. ^1 Ji£ : He narrated and wrote down things relating
to science or knowledge. Uii> J^- : He made himself
chargeable with or responsible for wrong doing; or took upon
himself the burden of wrong doing (20:112). kl^i Ji£ : He
took upon himself or accepted the trust; he was unfaithful to it.

203

^I-j^i IfU^-j If* jAii>^j ,jl : So they refused to bear it

or accept its responsibility; or refused to be unfaithful to it, so
man bore its responsibility or refused to be unfaithful to it
(33:73). UlU J^j^ : Do not make us carry for what we have
not the strength, or burden us not with what we have not the
strength to bear (2:287). Cii '■ He charged him with a crime.

J^-i : He carried or did the thing. lita£ J^aAl : He bears the
burden of a calumny (4: 1 13). J^- (plural JU^i and jyJ-) : The
young that is in the womb; the fruit of a tree = J^- meaning
load, burden (plural JUjS-i and ti'yJ-). jk4 JUjS-^i olJjij

: And as for those who are with child, their period shall
be that they are delivered of their burden (65:5). lili^ Vu*- c~Ui- :
She bears a light burden (7: 190). Jju J^j»- <o : And whoso

brings it shall have a camel-load (12:73). &£jJl fj* $ s-Xij :
And evil will be their burden on the Day of Resurrection, j
l^U^- j^J] iiiii ^Ij : And if a heavily-laden soul call another to
carry its load (35:19). J-^- and JI^- are syn. but whereas the
former signifies the thing that is in a belly or on the head of a
tree, the latter signifies a thing borne or carried on the back (i.e.
a load, or burden) or on the head; the former signifying a
burden that is borne internally as the young in the belly and the
water in the clouds and fruit on the tree as being likened to the
j^- of a woman, the latter a burden that is borne externally, as
the thing that is borne on the back or when applied to fruit the
former signifies a fruit that is internal or is large and much and
the latter a fruit that is external and is not much. J*U>- (plural
<5jl?^ or ^^-) : One who carries. c^^>. (U : And they
cannot bear it (29:13). Uii- is also plural of J^^-. jiy«Ji a!^- :
The carriers or bearers of the Throne, o'yii : The
memorizers of the Holy Qur'an or those who carry the Holy
Qur'an in their memory. is feminine and plural is cj*M*-.
o^lAJls : Then by the bearers or carriers of the load (51:3).
J-*^ '^yl '■ A pregnant woman. aJjX?- : The carriers of
burden. I2>°jj ti'yJ- ^Ui^i : And of cattle (He has created)
some for burden and some for slaughter (6:143). The word is

204

both as singular and plural and means a camel or camels; horse or
horses; mule or mules or an ass or asses upon which burdens are borne.

[aor. [gJu inf. noun &U#-] j* '■ He protected,

defended it from the people; he interdicted it from the people.
aj$ JJ- ; He prohibited its back to be used for riding or
carrying burden. jAsll c4**- : I aided or defended the people.
1^9- (aor. ^g^H inf. noun ^J-) jbll : The fire became very
hot or vehemently hot. ^J- (inf. noun : He was

ashamed and he disdained or scorned to do it. also means,
he refused to bear, endure or tolerate wrongful treatment. ^>J-
£As> : He was angry with him. : A pasture prohibited to
people. "4**- (syn. 3M and VJs-) : Disdain, scorn or indignation;
jealousy; indignation which is the result of a feeling of pride. °J>
;uLab>Ji "iLj- "*L^ti\ ^4>j& : In their hearts prideful disdain, the
disdain of the Days of Ignorance (48:27). Ifcfc J^4 f °y '■ On the
day when it shall be made hot (9:35). : Intensely hot,
vehemently hot. *~»\*- jU : Vehemently hot fire (101:12). ^ or
ls*^ : A Stallion-camel that has his back prohibited to be used
for riding or bearing burden.Such camel was neither ridden nor
shorn of his fur, he was left at liberty and was not debarred
from pasturage nor from water, or whose offspring's offspring
has conceived or that has been covered ten times (5:104).

[aor. d-tfx* inf. noun and <JL&-] <u!*j <t*»- : He violated or
broke his oath; he was untrue to his oath; he committed a sin in
his oath; he retracted his oath; he said what was not true; he
inclined from what was false to what was true; or from what
was true to what was false; he committed a sin or crime, du^i :
He put away from himself du^Ji i.e. sin or crime; he applied
himself to acts of devotion; he relinquished the worship of
idols. d-u* : The violation of an oath; a sin, a crime; an offence
or an act of disobedience. p2a*l\ du*Jl Js- h°3j*H O^J : They
used to persist in extreme sinfulness (56:47). dJaJi g> : He
attained to the age of puberty. duAjJ : Breaknotthy oath (38:45).

j??^- Vy^- and ]°y*^- plural yr^-] y%*- : Throat, gullet. ojL^ ciL

205

yrh?i]\ : Hearts reached to the throats. : The eye sank

into its socket.

[aor. inf. noun and libs**] ^iAlil II*- : He roasted the
flesh and meat with heated stones in order to cook it
thoroughly; he roasted a sheep or kid or goat. J-U-iJi : The
sun burned him. : Roasted flesh, meat; or roasted with
heated stones in order to cook it thoroughly. J**j *Uf :
And brought a roasted calf (11 :70).

U»-^" [aor. inf. noun U^] : He inclined or declined, : He

declines from it. u^> : He turned away from the worship of
idols; he devoted himself to religious exercises. ( iubi
plural): One on the right path; one who adheres firmly to Islam;
one who is of the religion of Abraham; who believes in one
God; one inclining to or having a right state or tendency; one
who turns or inclines from error to guidance, utp- '^\'J>\ ii* :
The religion of Abraham who was ever inclined to God
(2:136). aj 'J£ jjJ> 'Js- Jj iXkJ- : Remaining ever inclined to Allah,
not associating anything with Him (22:32).

iSjp- [aor. and inf. noun \&-] ^~^Ji or : He

chewed some dates or some other thing of a similar kind and
rubbed therewith the palate of the child. j\ JSu*- : He
put a rope in the mouth of the horse and led him. :
Age rendered him firm or sound in judgement by means of
experience, fr^ill : He understood the thing and knew it
thoroughly. il^Jl : The locusts ate what was upon

the land and consumed its herbage, a^-i : He put a rope in his
mouth and led him; he took the whole of his property; he
gained the mastery over him. *4"j' i cAr^^ '■ I W1 U iea d his
progeny by the nose; I will certainly extirpate his progeny; I
will assuredly gain the mastery over his progeny (17:63).

If- [aor. inf. noun j^] : He was or became affected with an
intense emotion of grief or of joy. $ : He yearned towards
or longed for him or it. &\ '■ My heart yearned for him.

j\ aIU j£ : He was merciful or compassionate towards him
206

or became favourably inclined towards him. jL*- : Mercy,
compassion, pity, tenderness of the heart. uU °y> UL*- : A mercy
from Us (19: 14). The Arabs say, oj^^j^ : I beg Thy mercy,
O my Lord. jU*- is also syn. (jjjj (means of subsistence) and
(good, blessing, prosperity); a quality that inspires
reverence or respect. UtuJ- a! ^yU : Thou seest that he possesses
no quality inspiring reverence or respect. *J~?- : A yearning,
intense desire. : Scene of an important battle between the
Holy Prophet and certain pagan tribes of Arabia in 8 A. H.The
place lies to the south-east of Mecca, about 15: miles from it
(9:25).

Q^- [aor. inf. noun and Ijj*-] : He sinned; he

committed a sin or crime; or what was unlawful by such a
thing; he or it became in an evil condition or state; he slew,
o/u : He abstained from or avoided sin. oj^ : A sin; or a
great sin; wrong, injustice or tyranny; perdition, destruction or
death; disease; a trial; trouble or an affliction; difficulty or
fatigue; pain. \'J^C^ jlTki : Surely, it is a great sin (4:3).

[aor. inf. noun tij?- and UU}?-] t^iJl <Js> y'lkJi obi- : The bird
went round or circuited, or went round about the thing. £>y- :
Fish or a fish or a great fish ( = plural); a certain sign of
the Zodiac. o}^Ji Is : The bright star in the mouth of Piscis
Australis. o>4Ji d4-J Jj* : I forgot the fish (18:64) o*-UT j&Uj
o>4Ji : And do not be like the Man of the Fish (68:49). C^^>
o^4ii is Prophet Yunus (Jonas). (*4»^*r f&fck '■ When their fish
came to them (7:164).

[aor. inf. noun bfj^] &\ , aJ] £_b» , kf^i : He wanted
it, needed or required or sought after it. or ^ : He was
or became poor, k»-b- : Want; need; necessity; a thing wanted,
needed or required; an object of want; desire; ( ^'j*- = plural).
A^-l^-j^aa : He accomplished his want; he did his business
meaning, he eased nature, k»-b- ; In my mind is a want

or desire, ^-i^- aJi : I have not any want of it. krb» 'J>\ : One
who is constantly in want. 'jt : Except that

207

there was a desire in Jacob's mind (12:69). °J> dj^H.

kft*- : And they do not find in their breasts any desire (59: 10).

[aor. syn inf. noun lij^] j^li i^- : He drove the camels quickly,
or violently or roughly or he drove the camels to water; he
collected the camels together to drive them; j^i d>°jJ- : I gained
mastery over the camels, i^- : He guarded, protected or took
care of it; he did a thing soundly or thoroughly, jlUi by-\ : He
journeyed hard. *yc£>\ : He overcame, mastered or gained
mastery over him or it. {J^s- i yali : Did we not prevail over
you (4:142). C)\^LiA\ pffe >y^>\ : Satan has gained mastery over
them (58: 20).

jb- [aor. jyn inf. noun j'y-] oj^ 1 j^- : He washed the cloth and
made it white; t^lii : He returned to a thing. jUJ- : It

recoiled upon him. J* : He thought that he would

never return to God (84:15). ji^ : He perished or died; he or it
became changed from one state to another; he was or became
confounded and unable to see his right course, jt js^'l £>'/y-
£>jy-\ : The eye was or became characterized by the quality
termed jj*- i.e. intense whiteness of the white of the eye and
intense blackness of the black thereof with intense whiteness or
fairness of the rest of the person; whiteness; red skin, jj^-l : A
man whose eyes are characterized by the quality termed jy.
(feminine i\'/y- and plural of both \'y-\ and i\'/y- is : jy). jy\
also means pure and clean intellect. (inf. noun «jj^) :
He held a dialogue or disputation or debate with him; he vied
with him for superiority in glorying or boasting or the like and
also ijjjL^tJ of which the inf. noun is jj^. ^r^aJ J 1 ^ :

He said to his companion arguing boastfully with him (18:35).
US'jji^j ^Lj aJJIj : And God has heard your dialogue (58:2).
j^Iljj^ : Women having eyes like gazelles. &/jJaj& "/y- : Fair
maidens with lovely black eyes well-guarded in pavilions
(55:73). Zsfy- ( h'y.fy- plural): A washerman; one who after
having been tried found to be free from vice or fault; a person
of pure character; a pure thing; one who counsels and acts

208

jib- J?b-

honestly; a true and sincere friend or helper; a select disciple or
friend of a Divine Prophet; a relation. aJJi jUaii ^jo'j^ JlS:
The disciples said: "We are the helpers of Allah" (61:15)
(frljj* - ) : A white or fair woman.
JA*~ [aor. j>°yu. inf. noun U^] : Is derived from ^tJ- which means,
he was out of breath; he panted for breath. ^? : He
excluded him from them; he excepted him from them. iS 5>\*-
denotes exception as a particle, i&j (i>^ ^j-*> : I beat them
except Zaid.lt also denotes remoteness from imperfection or the
like or freedom therefrom. aJLJ J>\*- : I ascribe unto God
remoteness from every imperfection of the like or freedom
therefrom; generally, implying wonder or admiration, so that it
may be rendered, "how far is God from every imperfection"
aJJ J>\*- also means aJJi iUi i.e. I seek protection by God or God
forbid. t3lAt£ or L_£)ti>b>- : Far art thou from being included
among those of whom I speak, or from any cause of reproach.
I^SJ liaU All : Allah be glorified. This is not a human being
(12:32).

[aor. -k)^ inf. nun Aial?-] &\*- or : He guarded, protected

or took care of him or it. aj Se\*- and aj : It or he surrounded,
encompassed him or it. J-Ub i>U^l : The people surrounded,
encompassed or beset the sides of the town. y$\ aj : The
thing beset him on all sides so that he had no place of escape
from it. S»\*-\ : He took it entirely to himself, debarring
others from it. jl*Ji aj i>U^ : The enemy surrounded him or had
complete mastery over him. Uit <b i>U^ : He had a complete
knowledge of it. : And its fruit was destroyed

(18:43). ^UJb £t£i jLjji : Surely, thy Lord hath men in His
power, grasp; has encompassed the people entirely (17:61). Uj
uUp <o : They cannot encompass it with their knowledge;

they do not possess complete knowledge about it (20: 111) Jl£"j
\*Js>- <o Lfix2 Jlp _^Jai : And how canst thou be patient about
things the knowledge of which thou comprehendest not
(18:69). lal?J> (act. part, from and feminine): One or

209

Jb- Jb-

it who or which surrounds; destructive. ^jil&b ia^y> aiJij : And
Allah encompasses the disbelievers (2:20). fjd 4^*^ : The
punishment of a day which shall beset on every side so that
there shall be no place of escape from it; punishment of a
destructive day (11:85). -fJ^. &r b\ j : Surely, Hell
shall encompass the disbelievers (9:49).

Jb- [aor. j^j and &y\j inf. noun Ia£ and lij^ and ULv-] c-3l $6- :
He swept the house, i^ili Ji^-; He rubbed and smoothed the
thing. <u jl^ : It surrounded, encompassed or beset him or it; it
clave to him and became his due and befell him. ^ $6-

: The punishment or trial befell them or beset them.
aIaL Ul fr^lJl^Ul j^tf j : The evil plot encompasses or befalls
none but the author thereof (35:44). oj s-j&^i ^ s 'y^ ^ p& :
And that at which they used to mock shall cleave to or befall or
encompass them (6:1 1).

Jb- [aor. J>ij inf. noun Jj^] Jt*- : The thing became altered
or changed from one state or condition to another; it shifted
from its way, manner or direction. j* Jt£ : He withdrew or
receded from the agreements; J)^Ji Jt£ : The year passed or it
became complete; Jj^Ji aILp Jl#- : He became a year old; eJb-
: The female did not conceive; did not become pregnant.
SJULdi cJb>- : The date-palm bore one year and did not bear
another year; jf^ 1 J^ - : The streamlet intervened between us
preventing conjunction. £jJi U-^rf Jl*-j: And the wave
intervened or came in between them (1 1:44). USj *^Ji Jj^ :
Allah comes in between a man and his heart (8:25). cAy- :
His eye squinted. Jt£ (plural is JtjAl and oUl*-) : Condition;
state. jkli\ oUb>- and iilj^-l : The changes and vicissitudes of
time. Sy- '■ A year ( fl'y- is dual); a year even if it has not
passed; strength, power, might or force; around; environs; J;jJi
tiy- uTjlj : The environs of which We have blessed (17:2). Uil
tiy- U o frU?l : And when it lighted up all around him (2: 18). Iplai
J>J| ji : Provision for a year (2:241). jl?!*' j3> : Two full
years, (2:234) Jib Ui ijl U j J>-U : There is no strength nor

210

power but by means of God. Jj*- : Revival; or change; <Sj**^
Iglp : They will not desire any change or manner of
changing from one state to another (18:109); an evasion or
elusion; a trick; a wile, a plan; an artifice; a means of attaining
to some state concealably; ability to manage according to one's
own free will. aJ *%lJ : He has no mode of evading. j j^I k Llj U
i% : Are incapable of adopting any plan (4:99). J*j^: Change;
alteration. % Lalli A^jU : Thou wilt not find any change in
Our way (17:78).

i$y [aor. is'^h inf. noun <£p- or : He was or became of

the colour termed ^jj^] j* v'jj^l • The land was or

became green, aj^ : Redness inclining to blackness, or
blackness inclining to greenness; greenness, inclining to
blackness by reason of intense greenness; i'j&f- intermixed
with blackness and yellowness. <Jj>\ : Of the colour termed a^-
. j£\ ^ lU^i: So has made it (herbage) dried up black by
reason of oldness.

<Jjp- [aor. inf. noun \J- and ajIj^] fr^iil : He collected,
gathered drew or gained possession of the thing; it comprised
or comprehended or contained it; he turned the thing round.
"4 f~ (plural lilj^) : Intestine; small tank; gut; thick cloth placed
under the load of a camel. Uij^Ji ji : Or the intestines (6: 147).

is an adverbial noun of place signifying 'where' like with
respect to time. asJUjj J*^4 dJJ- : Allah knows best where

to place His Message (6: 125). It is also governed by j*.
jjilii U i£J£ & (^-jAalli : We will draw them to destruction
step by step from whence they know not (68:45).It sometimes
occurs as denoting time signifying 'When'. The particles U is
sometimes affixed to it and in this case it implies a conditional
meaning, signifying 'Wherever' or 'Whenever' as in L *4^
J-^"' i- e - where thou wilt sit, I will sit. i£J£ is also used to
signify 'as to; ' in respect of; 'as' or 'considered as'; 'since' or
'because'; 'so that'. It is often syn. with

^ [aor. A^h inf. noun l££ and Ui^- and and and a.U*-

211

and 5i jJl^] St?- : He declined or turned aside or away

from it; removed, went away or went far away from it; he
shunned or avoided it. jdjJaJi j* at£ : He turned aside from the
road. <o al*- : He removed him or it. JL*y L* c-If U J&'i : This is
what thou wast trying to avoid (50:20).

jb^- [aor. inf. noun o 1 ^] j' J^ 1 j^ - : The man was or
became confounded or perplexed and unable to see his right
course; or he erred or lost his way. *J*°J>,'$*- or : He was
or became confounded in his affair. £UJi jUJ- : The water became
collected and stayed and went round in a place as though it
knew not which way to go. ji : A man in a state of
confusion or perplexity and unable to see his right course; a
man who has erred; who has lost his way. jl^ J*r'y. A man
who knows not the right course to pursue in his affair. J>
&'J£- : Be wildered in the land (6:72).

jb^- [aor. inf. noun ij^-] : He drew, collected or gathered it
together. jj^> or : He or it writhed or twisted about and
turned over and over or he or it was restless; he withdrew or
retired to a distance and he drew back; he tarried or loitered; he
turned aside or withdrew to his place or proper place; :
He turned or withdrew or retired or joined himself to them.
j^cjt : One who turns or turning to join another company of
men. ili Jjl ijl^w jl : Or turning aside to join another company
(8:17)'.

jfi^- [aor. Ja^H inf. noun li^ and "^aS- and and U4*^ and

C>\*J> and ULi^] ks- Jot*- : He turned away from him or it; he
returned and fled from him or it. Jts2Jl ^ Jel*- : He turned away
from the fight. j^Ji jt> Je\*- : He deviated from the truth, turned
away from it. Jfi^- : He turned away from the thing and

became safe from it. jju> ^ °y> : He who turned away
from mischief became safe. ^^Ja^-^^S} : He fell into
confusion in respect of their case. Ja^v : A place to which one
turns away or a side; to which one flees; a place of refuge. Oj
Laj*^ ifi* 63^4 : They shall find no refuge or way of escape

212

from it (4:122).

C«£b- [aor. jcLsy inf. noun jdS- and J^l^i and Jivv] ~* s °s^ s c-f^:
The woman menstruated; blood came forth from her womb at
the known time and in the known manner, not in consequence
of disease nor of childbirth, nor before she had attained to
puberty; she attained the age of menstruation. JlUi J>\*- : The
torrent overflowed. jeL?- : The menstrual blood. jt JfeV :
A woman who has attained to the age of menstruation or has
attained woman-hood. : Menstruation i.e. monthly

course; time of menstruation; place of menstruation. tf^L£j\\j
ji~y<A\ : Those who have not attained the age of menstruation
or have not had their monthly courses yet (65:5). L_&)LlJ
: They ask thee concerning menstruation (2:223).

<3l^- [aor. u^h inf. noun <%?-] : He acted wrongfully,

unjustly tyrannically against him; he inclined to that which was
wrong or declined from that which was right in his judgement.
aJj^jj ji^lip aJJi UL~y„ : Allah and His Messenger will be unjust
to them (24:51).

jb- [aor. inf. noun and jl*-] : It happened. V^is : The
time of the thing came near. t jUsl\ cJt*- : The time of the Prayer
came or drew near. J*i| jt *J ji£ : The time has come that he
should do such a thing. J^-^Ji o^- (inf. noun "J^-) : The man died
or perished; he experienced a trying affliction, jl?- : Time or a
space or period of time; anytime; time from the beginning of
the world to its end i.q. "J** ; a continuous time; an appointed
term; time absolutely; the time when an event takes place; time
of a glance of the eye; time without end; the Day of
Resurrection. ja jl*- Js- j>\ Ja : There has certainly

come upon man a period of time. JJl *4 5 * t « : We gave them
provision for a while (10:99). 1$1a1 jJ ^ j^- Ji* : At a time
when its inhabitants were in a state of heedlessness (28:26).

j»- LJ ^ JLJ : They should imprison him for a fixed time
(12:36). j^- ji" l^i : Brings forth its fruits at all times
(14:26). 4rk" : At that time. dj'J^ f^J '■ And you are at

213

that time looking on (56:85).

^p- and If- [aor. Jgsy inf. noun 51^ and 5^ and tU^] : He lived
or he had life. h'/y^ l££ j ^°jJl> Lgla : Therein shall you live and
therein shall you die (7:26). a£Lj If" j* ^r"4j : And who lived
by clear argument might live (8:43). ji^Wl <y- : The way was or
became manifest. (inf. noun a!*j) : He said to him may
God prolong thy life. j*j*Ji : He said to him

41! I : God preserved him. aI^u j^Is*- ^! j : And when you are
greeted with a prayer (4:87). Jji jIp aI*l> : A greeting from
your Lord (24:62). a!?l< : Greeting. «UAi : He made him live,
gave him life; God gave him spiritual or intellectual life,
quickened, revived or resuscitated him. (*A^ W'jti f&j : And
you were without life and He gave you life (2:29). aj l^-U
\$>y jJtj : And He quickens therewith, the earth after its death
(2:165). 8U££ti lv 6^" : And is he who was spiritually or
intellectually dead and We have given him with life (spiritual
or intellectual) (6:123). JlUi l^i : He passed his night awake; he
passed the night in religious service and worship, abstaining
from sleep. SUAlil : He spared him; let him live; or left him
alive; did not slay him; he left him; let him alone. ^'jl^Jj
{J> : And they spared your women (2:50). a\w lfcu*\ : He was
ashamed of it, or him, or shy of doing it or was shy or bashful
with respect to it. llT aL J/«iJ : He scorned such a thing; he
refused to do it by reason of disdain or pride; he shunned or
avoided it. 6/*" J 1 cf*^ $ aJLIi 5] : Allah disdains not to give an
illustration. Jf^Ji ^s^^-^iJ AJJij : But Allah is not shy of saying
what is true (33:54). UiU^i h iL»J : One of them

came walking bashfully (28:26). : (inf. noun of If) :
Shame; a sense of shame; shyness. (and jij^- and :
Life; the present worldly life; the faculty of growth as in animal
or a plant; the faculty of sensation; the faculty of intellect;
freedom from grief or sorrow; everlasting life in the world to
come; much life; an advantage or profit or a means thereof;
state of activity. Sj-^il J> Us)* : Except disgrace in the
present life (2:86). Jte ^Uli Jo^i : Of all people the most

214

covetous of life (2:97). ^Uaili ^ : And there is life
(profit or advantage) for you in retaliation (2:180). c-iii ^~1JIj
j>£*} : O would that I had sent on some good works for my life
here (89:25). o'j^ 1 ^ 5>V< j 1 ^ 1 l\ j : And the Home of the
Hereafter, that is real life (29:65). o'j^ also means anything
possessing life or animal. aUl^ & 1^ Cr^ '■ And is he who is
spiritually (or intellectually) dead and We have given him
spiritual (or intellectual) life (6:123). ^Uij °^a\^1 : Their
life and their death shall be equal. ^ also means, a time, and
a place of life (45:22). If- (tUAl plural) : Living; having life;
alive or quick; applied to God meaning Deathless; possessing
the faculty of growth as an animal and applied to a plant
meaning fresh or juicy; sensitively alive; intellectually alive;
lively or free from sorrow; whole, sound; Jo'j : Fruitful
land; a^-jU : Burning fire; If- &_f> : A manifest way or road; a
tribe; £?- Lm\ ^ : And the day I shall be raised to life (alive)
again (19:24). c-l*^ j* [f& ^-f?'- 3 : Thou bringest forth the
living from the dead (3:28). [f^\ : The Possessor of life which
is complete in every respect, is eternal and everlasting. ^Ji }&
: He is the Living; Self-Subsisting and A 11-Sustaining
(3:3). frl-^i Jj : Nay they are living (3:170). : (act. part.)

Meaning One Who gives life. j>jd\ fc-£Ji h\ '■ Verily, the
same God will quicken the dead (30:51). : A serpent; ^* lili
: And behold it was a serpent running (20:21). (U
je>°/i\ : They are cunning, guileful, malignant and strong, not
neglecting to take revenge. ojU£j <bhf j> cJi j : I saw in his
book slanders and calumnies. '■ A salutation or greeting;
endless or everlasting existence. : Endless existence

belongs to God or dominion or Kingship or freedom or security
from all evils or salutations and benedictions are God's.

215

7

x ♦ ♦

c

Kha

Numerical Value = 8

217

^ [aor. inf. noun tC^-] tte : He hid or concealed it ; he kept
it, preserved it, guarded it or took care of it. : A thing that
is hidden or concealed, absent or unseen. *U-lJl IC*- : The rain.

iCst- : The plants or herbage. iC r Jzl\^ J ?4 i jti\ : Who brings
to light what is hidden (27:26).

C^p- [aor c-^j inf. noun and k*r] i'J"> o> : The mention of him
became hidden i.e. he was or became obscure or of no
reputation. 6] JJi jt aJJi Jl jt Jj c->l : He was or became lowly,
humble in heart and submissive to God or lowered, humbled or
abased himself to his Lord or trusted himself to Him. & c-^ci
(i4*jia : And their hearts may become lowly unto Him (22:55).
f&J J\ 'j^'j And they humble themselves before their Lord.
(11:24). c-**i : Still; motionless; (2) one who humbles himself.
: And give glad tidings to the humble (22:35).

d**^ [aor. inf. noun or : It was or became bad; he
was or became corrupt, abominable, wicked, deceitful crafty or
cunning. cj£* : Its odour was or became bad, foul or

abominable, wj : His mind became wicked, l# d4^ : He
committed adultery with her. ll& Uj iJ d4^ t£ jJ'j : That
which is bad, its vegetation does not come forth but scantily
(7:59). d4> ( b'jhf = plural) : Bad; corrupt, hated or
abominable; wicked, fornicator or adulterer or slanderer,
impure, foul or filthy; unlawful; nauseous deceitful etc,
loathsome or disgusting etc. j-M\ d4> : Wicked, having heavy
stomach. The plural of d4> is <5j4> and also dJ> and i%>- and
its feminine is which means, a bad, wicked or deceitful
woman or quality or disposition; a bad or culpable action, f
dJUsUl : The mother of bad qualities etc, meaning wine. dJUsUl
also signified those things which the Arabs deemed foul or
filthy or unclean and which they did not eat.The plural of
is and dJteJlj & L_Syj}*i °j\ ^iS\ : I seek

refuge with Thee, O God from bad thoughts and bad habits. Js*
a4> S^fclT UAT : And the case of an evil word is like that
of an evil tree (14:27); dii^Ji ^Ss- ^jxj and he makes unlawful

219

or forbids the bad things (7:158). dJC^Ji j^J ditT 'Ji\ : The city
which practised abominations (21:75). oj-w^'j iSr*^ ^w^ 1
oil^, : Bad things are for bad ones and bad ones are for bad
things (24:27).

[aor. '^<k or aor. and 'j^h or jf- aor. inf. noun \'J&
and 3^ and »'J>*] 'J~>- : He knew or had knowledge of the

things. s'J,r (aor. 'J**t ) : He knew it, (syn. with generally,
meaning, with respect to its real or internal state. (aor. 'J&j).
He tried, tested or made experiment of the thing. Je°/i\ cj'Jjf- :
The ground abounded with soft soil. j-* : He ploughed

the land. ^UkJi ^ : He put grease to the food. and ^ and
^> and 3^ and 5^ = knowledge of a thing. ^ <ju : I have
no knowledge of it. "JJ- (plural = jte-l) : Information; a piece of
information; a notification; intelligence; an announcement;
news; tidings; a piece of news; an account; a narrative; a story;
a tradition of the Holy Prophet; a man's case or state. In
grammar, as correlative of an enunciative, and as
correlative of , the predicate of the nonattributive verb 6^
and the like, and of SlT etc. \'Jf- «u Ja^a^U Jip : About things the
knowledge of which thou comprehendest not (18:69).
j^h \£» : Haply I may bring you some information (28:30). °&
(i^j^ 1 & ^0 : God had already informed us of the facts about
you (9:94). ^I>: Knowing; having knowledge or possessing
much knowledge with respect to internal things or possessing
knowledge of matters of information or well informed;
possessing knowledge of God by being acquainted with names
and attributes. \'J^f- <u jlli : Ask thou then concerning Him one
who knows (25:60); is one of the Divine attributes

meaning One Who knows everything perfectly well. j*j
'J~*l\ : And He is the Wise, the All Aware (6:19); a lawyer; one
skilled in the law or practical religion; a head or chief; a tiller
of land, tijujo Uj And Allah knows what you do

(3:154).

[aor. inf. noun Ij^ : He made or kneaded and

220

Ja^- Un-
baked bread. j^- : He fed the people with bread. %r : A
bread. : A cake of bread. <jj$ J^-t : I am carrying

on my head bread (12:37).

Ja-^ [aor. JaJ^ inf. noun Ja>] : He beat him or struck him

vehemently.lt is syn. with Ja£w. J^Jl Ja> : He journeyed in the
night without direction. Ja> is said to signify the act of
journeying, of going without a direction or upon what is not the
main road. jt o^K^ 1 : The Satan touched him with a
hurt so as to corrupt him or render him insane. <dal*j lit, he
struck him or prostrated him and tramped upon him or
prostrated him and sported with him. Ji*)i Ja^- : It disordered
the intellect. &~>- : A touch or stroke of insanity or diabolical
possession. J~Jb o">Uj : In such a one is a touch of insanity.
J~Ji # o^K^ 1 : the Satan has smitten him with insanity
(2:276).

J-^ [aor. J^M inf. noun Jt> and J>] : He was or became, (1)
corrupted, unsound, vitiated or disordered in a absolute sense;
(2) particularly in his reason or intellect. «ij di> : His hand
became unsound so as to be rendered motionless; or dried up or
became lost or was cut off. <$j^!' '■ Grief rendered him
insane. Jl> : (1) Corruptness, unsoundness or a vitiated or
disordered state; (2) particularly in reason or intellect; (3) loss
or state of diminution; (4) a state of perdition or destruction or
a thing's going, passing or wasting away or being consumed or
destroyed; (5) fatigue, weariness, distress, embarrassment,
affliction, trouble or difficulty; *Ul Jip Jl> frte : Such a one is a
cause of fatigue etc. to his family; (6) a deadly poison. (iiji'jU
Vl> Ul : They would have added to you nothing but trouble
(9:47).

£?■ [aor. inf. noun jbJl : The fire became allayed,
subsided, extinguished; or the blazing, or flaming of the fire
ceased, v 1 ^ 1 : The war or its intensity became allayed or
appeased, liut c-> : The irascibility of the she-camel
became allayed. A^i l> : The vehemence of his anger became

221

assuaged. \'J-*^> ^iij lUT : Every time it (the fire of Hell)
abates We shall increase for them the flame (17:98).

[aor. and inf. noun \juf- and Ijjs^] : He acted or
behaved towards him with perfidy, treachery or unfaithfulness
or with deceit, guile or circumvention. .x$*Ju : He was
unfaithful etc., to the covenant. wJ 6^ : His stomach became
heavy; or became agitated by a tendency to vomit; became in a
disordered state. *p>- : One who acts or behaves with perfidy or
treachery or with the foulest perfidy; one who acts or behaves
with deceit, guile or circumvention or in a corrupt manner and
does so much or frequently or habitually, jjj^ JT Li] : None
but every perfidious and ungrateful person (31:33).

[aor. f*i inf. noun *f± and ^] aIA* ^jl ^ : He sealed,
stamped, impressed or imprinted the thing or he put the seal on
it. i^iJl ^ : He reached the end of the thing. £ut- and
signify the impressing of a thing with the engraving of signet
and stamp.The former sometimes means the securing oneself
from a thing and protecting oneself from it; in consideration of
protection by means of sealing upon writings; sometimes it
means the producing of an impression or effect upon a thing
from another thing; in consideration of the impress produced
by the signet, sometimes it is used as relating to the reaching
the end of a thing. Or the primary signification of £ss«- is the act
of covering over a thing.The word also signifies the protecting
of what is in a writing by means of a seal. ^ l_C1* ^ut- : He
sealed his door against thee i.e. he turned away from thee or
avoided thee. >-j£J : He sealed for thee his door i.e. he
preferred thee to others. <U3 Jlp ^ : He (God) sealed his heart
i.e. he made his heart or mind to be such as it understood not.

Jipj (i^jii Jl* aJJi (►as'- : Allah has set a seal on their hearts
and their ears (2:8). (Khatam) and fo- (Khatim) and ^
(Khatmun) are almost synonymous. (Khatam) means a
signet-ring; a seal or stamp and a mark; the end or lost part or
portion and result and issue of a thing. if^Jtjsv JUi^i Uji :

222

Actions are judged by their results. pfcf- also means the best and
most perfect; embellishment or ornament; the hollow of the
back of the neck; ^y-j *h\ Jj^j j£Jj : But he is the
Messenger of Allah and the seal of the Prophets (33:41).
(inf. noun and a subs.): The first watering of a sown-field; the
clay with which one seals or stamps upon a thing; the hymen;
as being the seal of virginity; dij : She was

conducted as a bride to thee with her seal of virginity; the
furthest part of a valley; the last of a company of men as also
p>\* and py- ; the last portion of anything that is drunk;
admixture; result; the end or last draught. ; The

sealing of it will be with musk; its result shall be the taste of
musk; the last draught shall be in perfume like musk etc.
(83:27). : Sealed or stamped, f j^j : Sealed beverage
(83:26).

>3> [aor. jJu inf. noun !>■] j>°ji\ & : He furrowed or he made a
furrow or trench in the ground. «a> °J> ^ : The tears made
marks upon his cheeks. J> : He or it marked or made a mark or
an impression upon a thing; he cut a thing. 1> : The cheek; the
plank of the £ij* ; a side of a track of high ground; an
assembly; a company of men; a rank or class or a race or
generation of men. ^bJl jj» 1> {S &> : A generation of men passed
away; a road. SjA^-i syn. 1> meaning a hole, hollow, cavity, pit
or the like dug or excavated; a deep trench in the ground. *j^i>
: A blow or beating that furrows the skin, ol* 1 _/uiu iJj
j-bJJ : And turn not thy cheek away for the people (31:19).
sjjJ-y uls^i : Cursed be the fellows of the Trench (85:5).

[aor. ^teu inf. noun \s-& and l*^] ; He hid or concealed
it; he deceived, deluded, beguiled and outwitted him; he
desired to harm in a way unknown to the latter; he pretended to
him the contrary of what he concealed; or he made him to
relinquish the object that he had in view by pretending to him
some-thing the contrary of what he concealed. °JiJ^- '■ It
entered its hole in order that it might not be caught. ^kJi ^te- :

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The rain became little. J*r^' : The property or wealth of the
man became little and he refrained from giving. £^iJ< :
The thing became corrupt. J~wJi cJ-jJ- : The sun set. cJ-jJ-
jy^ : The affairs became variable. U-iy- : He deceived him
being deceived by him; he strove, endeavoured or desired to
deceive, delude beguile etc. him; he pretended to him
something different from that which was in his mind. "jki :
Deceitful or variable time or fortune. <jj^ : A varying or
variable market, at one time brisk, at another time dull. is
syn. with with this difference that whereas one says of a
man when he has not attained his desire and £o> when he
has attained his desire. h°£^. 'j^ 1 iS^'j ^ dj**\M '■

They would deceive Allah or those who believe, and they
deceive none but themselves, only they perceive it not (2:10).
ifol Cijf-i\M : They strive, endeavour or desire to deceive Allah;

jij : And He will punish them for their deception;
(act. part.): Deceiver; requiter.

j J> Or [aor. jiUi inf. noun kiUi] kil^ : He became his friend
or secret or private friend; he associated or kept company with
him. kiui also signifies the contracting of the eyes in holding
amatory and enticing talk or conversation with another, the
latter doing the same, j^r ( plural): A friend, or a secret
or private friend; a companion or an associate; an associate
affected with sensual appetency, d^T '■ The friend etc. of

the girl, jlikM ijl*&>\lj : Not taking secret paramours (5:6). iJj
jO^lolUsi : Nor taking secret paramours (4:26).

J j> [aor. J inf. noun Jo> and 5^ and ^ : He

abstained from or gave up or neglected aiding or assisting him
and held back from him. means, he left, forsook or
deserted him. c^jJlli : But if He forsakes

you, then who can help you (3:161). JiU : One who abstains
from, or gives up or neglects the rendering of aid; anyone
leaving, forsaking or deserting; one routed, defeated or put to
flight. It is syn. with Jji> which is also its intensive form,

224

meaning one who abstains from or neglects the rendering of aid
or assistance often much; great desert; a mare that moves not
from her place when suffering from the pain of parturition.
Sjte- also signified a female that has left, forsaken or deserted
her young ones. J*r}Jl Jj^- J^-j : A man whose leg aids him not
in consequence of weakness or of some evil affection, or of
intoxication. Slji> jt^J jia^^ : And Satan is man's great
deserter (25:30). JjiA^ : Having no aider or helper; deserted;
*ijjjfj> £y>jJ> jJtAsJ : Thou will sit down disgraced and forsaken
(17:23).

[aor. j*j and jy„ inf. noun ^y.y^] i^j>- : The water murmured,
rumbled or gurgled. ^Ull */■ : The man who was sleeping
snored. itJl^- : The building fell down. J*-^Jl yf- : The man
died, Ull* ^jy*- : They came upon us from a place unknown. d»yf-
: His sins fell from him. \l*\J*juyt- : He fell down
prostrating himself to God. jtli'AJ '■ They fall down upon
their faces (17:110). li*U> J->y y>- : Moses fell down
unconscious (7:144). tU-lii & y>- '■ He falls, as it were,
from the sky (22:32). u>kli\ '^Is- j*s ; The roof fell down upon
them (16:27).

'j?- [aor. inf. noun ^42> <~> y*- '■ The house was or

became in a state of ruin, waste, deserted, desolate or
depopulated. 6/ (aor. <r>'y»k ) : He became a thief, vLr^ and
and also ^'j* '■ He reduced to ruin or rendered waste,
deserted, desolate or depopulated, destroyed a house or a
dwelling. pf.-$ pfcjZ b'y.fA '■ And they destroyed their houses
with their own hands (59:3). fyy* j> J*~>j : And he seeks to
ruin them (2:115).

[aor. £^4 inf. noun and jr^y**] : He or it went or got out;
issued, emanated, proceeded, went or departed. fAjto °y>
They went forth from their homes (2:244). # **jJ JJl
oijAJi : Then he came forth unto his people from the chamber
(19:12). Ll£ £^ : It turned out well; he came out in a
befitting manner. ^1 ^yf- : He extricated himself or became

225

quit of the affair. <u*i j* : He forsook his religion. ^Js- ^y>-
jUaLJl : He rebelled against the Sultan. Ur^> & J*£j aJJi J^j :
And he who fears Allah, He will make for him a way out
(65:3). JI^> }yt zrj'j* Jl Is tnere away out (40:12). £j^fj->:
The day of Resurrection when the dead will come out of their
graves (50:43). (act. part.; <5j^j^ and c&rj^ = plural):

Going out or forth; issuing, departing; one who goes or issues
forth or departs. L^^jUu j*^ : He cannot come out of it
(6:123). jUJl 'J~rS^n pA&j : And they shall not get out of the
Fire (2:168). also means exterior or outside of anything,
jllil ^p- cuT : I was outside the house. IfrJ* (plural : A

rebel. £_/M (inf. noun l^t^j and ^-y^) : He made or

caused him to go or get out or he put, cast, thrust him or it, out;
expelled, ejected him or it; he took, led, drew or pulled him or
it out; he produced it; he gave it forth; £_/M also means, he
drew out or forth; he extracted; produced; elicited. °J> U
fljJL> : He vented that which was in his bosom. jtis <y> Ssr/M : He
excluded him from participation in the affair. & £j>-\ Ui"
aI^Ji : As he turned your parents out of the garden (7:28). fUl 3jj
aiC*j ^sJl : The good things Allah has produced for His
servants (7:33). p$ '■ Then he produced for them

a calf (20:89). Jju> £^ y-'j : And Thou make me come
forth in a befitting manner or with a good forthcoming (17:81).
Sy*j>\ : And who plotted to turn out the Messenger

(9:13). £ j*J> (act. part.) and (pass. part). f£ £yJ i&ij
OjX^j : And Allah will bring to light what you concealed
(2:73). J^t^mj (*-*^J : And they shall not be ejected from it
(15:49). igSjf- : A tax or tribute which is taken from the property
of people; an impost; a land tax; the poll-tax paid by the free
non-Muslim subjects of a Muslim government; reward.
means the same.Or signifies specially, a land-tax. ^
*J~>- ^'j* '■ Or dost thou ask of them any reward.But

the reward of thy Lord is best (23:73). \*r°/>- J**j J^i :
Should we then pay thee tribute (18:95).

Ji>- Mustared-seed. Ji^^A^- Ji£? : The weight of a grain of

226

mustard seed (31:17).

[aor. Jfi'jM and Jo jk> inf. noun Jf>] jAjl : He computed
by conjecture the quantity of the fruit upon the palm-trees, jp'/-
(aor. Jfi'jAj ) : He lied; said what was untrue. Jo>M jl : He
forged a lie. o t» : He spoke of him or it, by conjecture.
^e/f- is computing the quantity by opinion, not by
knowledge.lt also signifies speaking by conjecture. Je : He
was hungry and cold. Je jl> and (plural oj-^'y 1 ') : O ne

who computes by conjecture the quantity of the fruit upon
palm-tree; a liar. h'y^'^H. ^\ b\ '■ They do nothing but lie
(6: 117). They do nothing but guess (10:67). oj^^ 1 ji :
Cursed be the liars (5 1 : 1 1 ) .

fjpjr from pe'jf- [aor. inf. noun UJs^] which means, he struck

his nose. (»» : The nose or the fore-part thereof or a large or
elevated nose; a snout; a spout; the pointed toe of a boot; the
point of a sword; : The chiefs of the people; wine or

wine that quickly intoxicates. £ jt^il : We will brand

him on the snout (68:17).

3 [aor. and inf. noun (j^] '^'j* '■ He made a hole in it,
perforated it, pierced it, bored it. ojsJ' :He rent or tore the
garment, f4il!i ^ CTj til ^ : He made a hole in the boat
once they boarded it (18:72). : He cut through (i.e.

traversed or crossed by journeying) the earth so as to reach the
furthest part thereof; he rent or tore it. £)\ cJy- : The wind
passed away and blew, : He forged or feigned the lie.

otuj 'Jm ft IjS^-j : And they have feigned Him to have or they
have falsely attributed to Him, sons and daughters (6:101). Jj^
also means he lied; he told a lie. Jjy- : He became confounded
or perplexed; he was rough in doing a thing; he was foolish or
ignorant. J»°/i\ °J : Thou shall not reach the ends of
the earth; thou shall not traverse the earth in length and
breadth; thou shall not make a hole in the earth by vehement
treading; thou shall not rend the earth.

(Sj^ [aor. Ci'jAj inf. noun U)>] JUii ^ : He deposited, stored, kept,

227

preserved or guarded the property in a istjsj- i.e. store-room. <Sj^
: He concealed the secret. ^\~Jd\ l^yf- : He withheld the
tongue; he prohibited it (the tongue) from speaking. jiAUl ^yt- :
The flesh began to stink, gave bad odour. aJy- (plural ^'j^) :
A treasure; wealth or property kept or guarded, preserved in a
lsjj*r i.e. a repository; magazine; a store room, ckf* ^ J)Ji iJ
aJJi $y>- : I do not say to you that I possess the treasures of
Allah (6:51). <$j^ (plural or and kj>) : A treasurer;

one who reposits, keeps, preserves, lays up, stores the property.
j^jtAj ^ ^ : You are not the ones to store it up (15:23); a
keeper or guardian of Hell or Paradise. $ JtSj : And its
keepers will say to them (39:74). also means, the tongue.

l$ j?- [aor. inf. noun tj°y^\ : He was or became base, abased,
abject, vile, despicable or ignominious; he fell into trial or
affliction and evil that exposed him to disgrace and thereby
became base, despicable, etc.; he was or became disgraced and
was confounded by reason of disgrace; he was or became
moved or affected with shame, ij'j^j Jj-< & & : Before we
were humbled and disgraced (20:135). aij^i : He (God) abased
him; or rendered him base, vile, despicable etc; He disgraced
him or put him to shame; He made him to be ashamed of
himself; He compelled him to admit a proof whereby He
disgraced him. *4j>i Ail jUi J^-Aj °y> ; Whomsoever Thou causest
to enter the Fire, him Thou hast surely disgraced (3:193). tfj
^oUiji^UjsxJ : And Thou disgrace us not on the Day of
Resurrection (3:195). tj°j^ : Disgrace or ignominy; a state of
abasement, ignominy of which one is ashamed. <s°j* Q^Ji J> ^:
For them is disgrace (2:115). ijjkZli : He who disgraces,
renders vile, ignominious, base etc. <x^^' i£y** ^ 5'j : And
Allah will humiliate the disbelievers (9:2). tjy^i : More
disgracing or more humiliating or degrading. a^r^i il>\JJAj :
The punishment of the Hereafter is more degrading (41:17).
X>_ jttj> ( plural) : A bad, evil action, habit etc.

: ' t • '

[aor. U*#xj also <s ^-] : He was or became vile and despised and

228

hated. J*"^ 1 : The man drove away the dog; he chid

him. l_C3i Ll>l : Go thou away; or go thou away from me.

iJ j Ljls i : Away with you, despised therein, and
speak not to Me (23:109). j-a-Ji L-> : The eye-sight became
dazzled or confused. tu^ j-iJl 44^4 : (Oi^^ and =
plural) : Thy sight will return to thee confused. ^>y- of which
the plural is ckr^ means, when applied to a dog or swine:
Driven away, repelled and not suffered to come near men;
hence contemplible, despicable, vile or abject. When applied to
sight it means, dazzled or confused and dim. Its plural which is
used about rational beings, is and js*-^. 5a)S \yfi $

Cj~r?& : We said to them, be ye apes despised (2:66).The word
used with regard to animals is

j**??- [aor. 'j^h inf. noun and 5jLl>- and and : He

erred; went astray; he was or became lost; he perished; or he
died; he suffered loss; he was deceived, cheated or beguiled; he
experienced that he was a loser. J> : He suffered a

loss or he was deceived in his traffic or ^>j^ ^j-r^- It is said
that j-^?- is never used otherwise than intransitively as in the
above examples and in the Holy Qur'an also. 1)1x3 ^JJ' ^
(JiiUjI : Indeed losers are those who kill their children (6:141)
etc. But fa'j^jt- and iUs is also used transitively which
means, he lost his intellect or he lost his property but in such
cases preposition °J> is considered to be understood and the
sentences are in reality «*JU °J> and <^U* °J> and similarly
in the verse 'jjr^ c?-^ (6:13) and thus the verse is

translated as "they who suffered with regard to themselves
which is equal to they themselves suffered" and also in the
verse ;)*rSHj QaJi which means, he suffered a loss with
regard to this life and the Next (22:12).They who insist that
j~^is always used intransitively translate the verse I jiJJl
( ^aiias (ifliil 'jj-^J Oj-^ (3*4^ i- e - mose who suffered and
caused their souls to suffer ( 'jj-^ being transitive) and say that
for the sake of convenience and brevity the expression has been
used as faM which is translated as those who ruin

229

their souls (6:13). But others think that j~> in this verse is
used as transitively in the sense of which is definitely and
always used as transitively. Sj-^M and 9j~-> : He made him to
lose or suffer loss. J^-JJt 'jLA : He fell into loss. o'i^ 1 '■ He
gave loss in weighing or he weighed less. ^j-^ 1 'jj-r^^J • And
fall not short of the measure (55:10). bi'j^H (UjJjj j' : Or they
weigh to them, they give less (83:4). c?~t^ (act. part.): Those
who give less. ^Jj—JjJi # U j : And be not of those who
give less (26:182). : Ruin; damage; state of loss; according
to some, punishment for sins. °J& jU-j^ 1 h\ '■ Indeed man is
in a state of loss or will suffer the punishment of his sins
(103:3). U j>\ Oip ^iTj : And the end of its affair was ruin
(65:10). : Loss or the state of loss or diminution; the

state of being deceived, checked etc; the state of becoming lost,
of perishing or of dying; error or deviation from the right way.
jLtJl ^ijJ^Jiji L_£Ji : That is an evident loss (22:12). 9jLl> :
Error or deviation from the right way; perdition; death;
baseness, meanness or ignobleness; perfidy. Ul ,>JlaJl tiji tfj
ijU»> : It only adds to the loss and ruin of the wrong doers
(17:83). *Jsr^> (inf. noun from j~^-). »jJl> means, he or it
destroyed him; caused him to perish; he attributed to him loss.

means, loss, destruction or perdition. ^L^^^j%iUi:
You will only add to my destruction (1 1:64). 6jj-^ and ckr^
(act. part, plural of "j^^) ; : Losing or suffering loss; one
who has lost his property; one who perishes; errs or loses his
way; erring or losing the right way or becoming lost; perishing
or dying, h'iri^ ^l^l : Then we shall indeed be losers (12:15).
^^.wJi ly> J> j*j : And in the next world he will be of the
losers (3:86). t'j~>\± (feminine of ^>^). : Losing

traffic; YjJ& l"/ lii : Then that indeed would be a losing
return (79:13). ( d/j^ and c?-r^ s plural) : The greatest
sufferer or loser; he who suffers the greatest loss. ** j> **
^j'j^y : They shall be the greatest losers in the Hereafter
(27:6). (Xr^-Vl ^uL^i : And We made them the worst losers
(21:71).

230

iju^jf- [aor. inf. noun ulL* and <jl£«Jl JL^jf- : The house

sank and went into the earth with what was upon it. J>jVl cjL1>
or c ^j tii : The ground sank into the earth. jl ^iiJl

jl j*iJl : The moon suffered eclipse or lost its light or
part of its light, c i l* : The eye sank. JiSJJt : The
roof fell. J^r^i u^jf- : The man became emaciated or lean.
Je°j% : He or it sank into the earth and became swallowed by
it. JejW fet mJJi ca!> : God made them to disappear in the earth
or made the earth to sink with them and swallow them. cjL*>
cjL T jt JJjJi; The sun suffered eclipse. In the common
conventional language is the partial loss of the light of

the sun and 3°^L^\\ is the total loss of the light thereof; or
conversely 3°jjJS\ is the partial loss of the light of the sun and
3°j^S\ is the total loss thereof.In the Traditions the word
3°j^JS\ generally occurs as in the well-known saying of the
Holy Prophet, <tfU*J j\ J^l o)J ^li-^JU j^iiij jJ>JA\ 5] : Verily,
the sun and the moon do not suffer eclipse for the death of any
one or for his life. J>~~?-j : And the moon is eclipsed
(75:9). je> jtfl tJJu'j aj bLUi : Then We caused the earth to
swallow him up and his dwelling (28:82).

[aor. 4-4^4 inf. noun 4-^] : He picked out or selected a thing.
Juli\ CJ^- : He polished the sword; he forged a sword without
perfecting it. CJu>- ( Cju>- plural) : Thick wood. C~j>- J^: Cattle
that are emaciated. 51lJ : As though they were

blocks of wood, propped up (63:5).

[aor. inf. noun £j-*>] : He was or became lowly,

humble or submissive to him. Aj-aj : He lowered his eye.
t'fAt : His eye became contracted; d>'jjai\ : The voice
became still. J^-iil cJti> : The sun became eclipsed or was
about to set. jjjll : The leaves withered. cJ»i> : The
earth dried up, not being rained upon. °J> : He feared
or was humble in his Prayer. ^'j-^ 1 cJti>j : And all

voices shall be hushed before the Gracious God (20:109).

and £i> and ja*^ plural and act. part.): Lowly,

231

£i> jo*-

humble or submissive and still or so in the voice and in the
eyes; the latter also signifying men lowering, humbling or
abasing themselves; or constraining themselves to be lowly,
humble or submissive; or to be so in voice or in the eyes; or
casting their eyes towards the ground, and lowering their
voices. &>y- : thou wouldst certainly have seen it humbled
(59:22) oj*^^ °Jt Cf-^ '■ Those who are humble in their
Prayers (23: 3). 'J<*~te- & 'jJtfj : And they humbled themselves
before Us (21:91). (plural of (UjUaji l*-i> : The eyes

being cast down (54:8). ikzte- (feminine of £~^). Je°fi\ s'y^S^\
~&>V- : Thou seest the earth withered (41:40). Jj?jl :
Signifying earth dried up and containing no herbage or green
herbage or low or depressed and still. Uil^j^jj Vyrj : Some
faces on that day will be down cast (88:3). ~&>V- UjLiji : And
their eyes will be cast down (79: 10). The plural of is
d>\k$>y-. cJ«4^Jij • Those who are humble and humble

women (33:36). (inf. noun) : Humility; fear; lowering or

abasing oneself. : And it increases humility in

them (17:110).

[aor. inf. noun : He feared him or it; he

dreaded or feared him with reverence, veneration, respect,
honour or awe. L> \ He feared or dreaded what might
happen to him from him or it. also signifies hope. e44>
sometimes means cJJs- (I knew).

And I certainly knew that he who follows the right direction
shall dwell in the gardens of Paradise with the Holy Prophet
Muhammad, or the meaning may be "I hope" according to
some. j uCiis U-p*^ <5> ^44^ : And we feared that he would
cause them trouble (18:81). cyf"*)} ^f^J '■ And f ear tne

Gracious God in secret (36:12). j\ 'J'xu &J : Possibly he
might heed or fear (20:45). <5j*f^ est : And they act
cautiously for fear of Him (21 :29).

[aor. Je*u inf. noun aI^jJ^ and Ja^-] ^ J&*\ )> Ja^ :

232

He distinguished him over others by the thing; he assigned the
thing to him alone or exclusively of others; SjJbi^ : He
distinguished him by love. : He gave him such a thing

in large quantity. i£»M j\ k$u>- : He appropriated or took or
chose him or it particularly for himself. also means, he

treated him with partiality. aJ : It particularly belonged to
him. Ja^- (inf. noun Li>U^) : He was or became poor; in a state
of poverty. ^ w-^> Ja»« £lji j : And Allah chooses for His
mercy whomsoever He pleases (2:106). q£* jd-AJl Cj^ 3 ^
: Will not smite exclusively those who have done wrong
(8:26). U>Ua^ : An interstice or hole in a door and sieve, etc.; a
cloud or clouds; poverty, need; straitness or difficulty; an evil
state of condition; thirst; hunger. ^ d^'Jj pte^ ^ bV/y,
: But they prefer to themselves even though poverty be
their own lot (59:10). Jete- (syn. with *J>1^ and plural J^yO :
Choice, select. j->Ui J*iy : The distinguished people.

UWay- [aor. ul**j. inf. noun ula±\ JAJI u^uf- : He patched a sole; he
mended it by sewing on another piece; he made anything
double, putting one piece upon another; he faced it. jjjJl Que*
ij,x> Jip : He covered his body by sticking the leaves together,
one to another; uLia* also means, he lied. & ^UL^J liitj
k*Jl (ijj : And they covered themselves with the leaves of the
garden (7:23).

^-P*- [aor. pJutu. inf. noun : He contended in an altercation,

disputed or litigated in a valid manner, w-l^- (inf. noun w>ui
and fU»j-) : He contended with him in an altercation, disputed
or litigated with him. kwwxi kw»bi : I contended with him in
an altercation or I disputed or litigated with him and overcame
him in dispute or litigation, (inf. noun of kli? is p**-). \°yJes^\
(aor. tiyLa&u is equal to or ijw>t*S : They disputed or

litigated with one another . <0\ Lw^-I : They applied to him for
the decision of a case, each of them claiming the right, o 1 ^*
^] ^ ^i^asi- : These two are two opponents who

contend concerning their Lord (22:20). : The people

233

contended and disputed, ^jLosAj, *\ J^fl %Ju ^1* j* Ji : I
had no knowledge of the Exalted Assembly when they
discussed it or disputed among themselves (38:70). j ^.Uu
: Which will overtake them while they are disputing
(36:50). jUi Jai ^>\*j <J£fi jl : Surely, this is a fact, the
wrangling of the dwellers of the Fire (38:65). and *^p* :

An adversary in dispute; litigant; an antagonist. Ja
(^s^Ji : Hath the story of the litigants come to thee (38:22). ^av-
is used alike as masculine and feminine and singular and plural
because it is originally an inf. noun but it has also the dual
form jlw^. j> jlw^ : Those are two disputants

who have disputed concerning their Lord (22:20) and the plural
is ^°yP9- and f»Ua?S or this may be plural of Lh*- but the plural of
1^ is also by**??- and ^UwM. l^y^- f : Nay but they are

a contentious people (43:59) jl* (Jl^ j* ( ^ : Yet lo! he is an
open quarreler (36:78). is the plural of meaning
disputants, litigants; adversaries; opponents. ^Ua^Ji ; He is
the most rigid of opponents (2:205).

[aor. inf. noun 1^-] : He broke wood or a branch or twig
or a soft thing so that its parts did not separate; he bent without
breaking wood or a branch or twig. ^JLii jja?- : He cut off or
removed the thorns of the trees; he ate vehemently. l°ya*6> : A
tree having its thorns removed; thornless tree; it also means, a
tree having the branches bent by reason of the abundance of the
fruit.lt is syn. with 1^ which means, lacking power to rise
from langour of the body, and pain with laziness. *y&v> °Jt '•
Amidst thornless lote-trees (56:29).

[aor. J-jaAi inf. noun ^a^] and j-i^j : [a colour or seed produce]
was or became green; he (a camel or horse) was or became of a
dark or dust-colour; he (a man) or it (a thing) was or became of
a tawny or brownish colour; or of a blackish hue inclining to
green; or black; or intensely black. '■ The night

became dark and black. said of seed-produce, it was or

became soft or tender, i^a^ je> g^azb : And the earth

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becomes green (22:64). j-^-l : Green; verdant; of dark colour;
black; fresh; vigorous; of tawny or brownish colour; of a
blackish hue inclining to green. Wj^uf- (feminine); ilj-a^ Yj&3> :
A green and fresh juicy tree. C>\J>» : A young man whose
hair has begun to grow upon the sides of his face. j*
IjU jjut-W : Fire out of the green tree (36:81). IjQ h°y~k '■
They will wear green garments (18:32). is the plural
of 'jja*\. : A place or land having much verdure; what is
green; seed-produce; goodly green herbage or foliage, iw
ij-iw 5 -: We bring forth the green blade or foliage (6: 100).

[aor. inf. noun ^ye»-\ *J : (1) He was or became
lowly, humble or submissive to him. ^yp* is nearly the same
as except that the latter is mostly used in relation to the

voice or the eyes but the former is used as meaning "in the
neck" or "in the body"; (2) he was or became still or
submissive; (3) his speech was soft to a woman. l$J
SJ d^-i^j : He was soft to her in speech and she was soft to him.

also means, he had a natural stooping of the neck.
(act. part.): One who is humble, lowly or submissive; (j^^ or
■)°jL?y- or are plurals). ^rJl cJ^uf- ; The star inclined to
the place of setting, : He or it rendered him still, dJJai

js*-?^ l$J : So that their necks will remain bowed before
it (26:5). olS^Jl ^ja> fjl : A people very submissive in the necks.

(and cijk&y- and cy^-e^ arQ plurals) plural of and
ik&y- and is applied to both men and women, meaning who are
soft in speech. Jjiib jk^u ; So you be not soft of speech
(33:33).

Ja^- [aor. &6 inf. noun ia>] (JUJb Ja> : He wrote with the pen. Js- la*
j>°/i\ : He made a mark or line upon the ground. Jh^>
Jt&i : He cut him into two halves with the sword. &aj iJj
lJuIw : Nor didst thou write it with thy right hand (29:49).

[aor. Ua^ inf. noun *Ua^] : He did wrong; or committed a
mistake or an error intentionally or unintentionally. 'Jo* [aor.
iaki inf. noun t-la* and 5Ua>-] : He committed a sin, a crime or

235

an act of disobedience for which he deserved punishment; or he
committed a fault or an offence or an act of disobedience (in an
absolute sense); or he committed a fault or an act of
disobedience intentionally, is also syn. with llwM but
according to some whereas means, he committed a fault in
religion, means he did wrong intentionally or otherwise.
lia*M also means, he did wrong, meaning to do right. They say
'tcM Uj cik^ : Thou didst wrong in that which thou didst
unintentionally and U olk*M : Thou didst wrong in that
which thou didst intentionally. Jj^JsJi llwM : He deviated from the
way. \&\ : The archer missed the mark. UIs :

Any mistake you unintentionally make (33:6). \jtia±\ j\ Ul-J jl : If
we forget or fall into error (2:287). lL- : Intentional mistake; a
sin; a crime; an act of disobedience for which one deserves
punishment. uLs^ jlS" : Surely, the killing of them is a

great sin (17:32). ik> : A mistake; an error. It signifies an
unintentional fault or offence or disobedience. Ua^- 1)1 L«j* Js* jl;
To kill a believer unless it be by mistake (4:93). Ajuk^ like *Ja>:
A fault; an offence, or an act of disobedience or such as is
intentional; a sin or a crime or an act of disobedience for which
one deserves punishment. (UlJa^- and oulk^- are plurals); is
also used as plural. *£a?- jaj : And whoso commits a sin
(4:113). ji : That He (God) Will forgive me my

faults (26:83). ^s^f- : We will forgive you your sins (7:162).

U^J : That He may forgive us our sins (20:74). {jeV-
(act. part.) is singular and plural is h'jty* and US' jlj

: And we are indeed sinners (12:92). ojikttJl ^l) :
Which only the sinners eat (69:38). *4>U*- (feminine of <^>^).
A^y- ajilfai^U : The lying, sinful forelock (96:17); oi£i> jXiij
tek\s*}l> : The overthrown cities committed sins (69:10).

eJa^ [aor. 4-^4 inf. noun Ua^] 1^ : He delivered a sermon,
exhortation or admonition. ^jiSi j£ jl ^jiil Ck*" : He delivered a
sermon to the people. CAuf- < <Jev>- (inf. noun ajUs^) : He became
a public speaker. ai^Ji cJa^ : He asked or demanded the woman
in marriage, ^jiit j£ 3l_}Jl : He demanded of the people the

236

woman in marriage. '&e\p- (4*^ and 0»btS) : He talked, spoke,
conversed or discoursed with him; he spoke, etc. to him, face to
face; he consulted with him. ^e>y- \>\j : When the

foolish ones address them (25:64). otiasr (and is inf.

noun from CJo^- and means address; speech; entering into talk
with a person. L» <5j&^ : They will not have the power to
address Him (78: 38). oikjJi j> And he has been

overbearing to me in speech or his address (38:24).
The deciding of a case or passing sentence or judging with
evident proof or demonstration; or by testimony confirmed by
oath; or deciding between truth and falsehood and
distinguishing between just and unjust judgment; or
understanding, intelligence, sagacity or knowledge in judging
or passing sentence. olk?Ji J»i3j Uic*Ji aLJi j : And We gave him
wisdom and decisive judgment (38:21). Ck*- : A thing; an
affair of a business, small or great that one seeks or desires to
do or may be a subject of discourse; a great thing or affair; or a
thing or affair that is disliked; an event; an affliction; a
calamity; a state or condition; the cause of a thing. CL>-
and Jlbr 4^ • An unimportant or an important affair. ^12* j*
jk$i\ Jjt^: He struggles against the afflictions or calamities of
time. <*S2oj-& : What is the thing or business that thou seek to
do; what is the cause of thy coming, oj^j^ 1 ^5 : What

is the cause of your coming; what is your business, O ye
Messengers (15: 58). Ju*°ji jsh jlj Si j^k^U : What happened
when you sought to seduce Joseph; or what was the matter with
you; or what was your object (12:52). CJa* : A man who asks
in marriage; also a woman asked in marriage and so "da* which
also means, asking the hand of a woman in marriage; betrothal;
a proposal of marriage, k&rji K^r ^* : She is the woman asked
in marriage by him. \£k* ji : He is her asker in marriage. UJj
s-L-Ji X$a* °ja <o *aJ?^ : That you speak indirectly in the asking of
such woman in marriage; or concerning your troth with such
woman; or regarding a proposal of marriage (2:236). 44^ :
Public speaker, "da* : Public speech or sermon. ; The

237

office of a speaker of a mosque.

uAop- [aor. uk*H inf. noun Jak*-] iik^ and : He seized it; or

took it or carried it off by force; or he did it quickly; he
snatched it away. J&a* : It took away the sight. J£Jl
^jLaj! Jik^u: The lightning might well-nigh snatch away their
sight (2:21). fe'y- °j» J-UI JflJa*4 : While the people are snatched
away from all around them (29:68). £wJl : He stole (an
opportunity of) hearing; or snatched it. iik^Ji uk* °y> Ul :
Except him who steals the opportunity of hearing or who
snatches unawares and by stealth, or hears and snatches
something (37: 11). JiiaAj : This is a sword that will

strike off the head, ado* also means, he went along quickly.

[aor. jia^u inf. noun jo±\ : He stepped, paced or walked.
5^-1 j 3}k> : I walked one step, ajia^ : A step or pace, as meaning
a single act of pacing or walking £>\j&. a}iU : A step or pace
as meaning the space between the two feet in walking (oijk>
and oijJa^- and oijk^- are plurals). JlaLzS\ ^'j^ 'j*~>Lij : Follow
not ye the way of Satan; or the footsteps of Satan (2: 169).

[aor. u&u inf. noun U?-] : It was or became light; it or he was or
became light in estimation; he was or became active, brisk,
prompt, agile; he was or became inconstant, unsteady,
irresolute or fickle or light-witted; he was or became agitated,
flurried; he was or became light-hearted or cheerful; it (food)
was or became easy of digestion; it (hair of the head etc.) was
or became light, thin, scanty; it (rain) decreased; it was or
became deficient, o'j^ 1 ^ : The balance had one of its two
scales light, so that it rose. *4jtj* cJ^ °J* \X\ : As for those whose
scales are light (7:10). Ua^ (inf. noun uui*j) : He made or
rendered it light. & i >X^> '■ This is an alleviation from
your Lord (2:179). <_ia> : He made light or alleviated his
burden, suffering, distress by removing from him somewhat
thereof; he alleviated him; he relieved him. °J*& &)1 Jm?- jSfl :
For the present, Allah has lightened your burden, fee- Jduf^h
<l>\jJS\ : The punishment shall not be lightened (2:87). 'is&cl»\ :

238

He deemed it or him light; he found it light or easy to carry and
to remove. <b uufc^\ ; He held him or it in light estimation or in
contempt; he despised him or it; he incited him or excited him
to levity or unsteadiness so as to induce him to follow him in
his error; he flurried him and disquieted him; he angered him
and deprived him of his patience or calmness and incited him
to unsteadiness. fljpUsli ut^cuA ; He made light of his people
or held them in light estimation; he incited his people to
lightness so as to induce them to follow him in his error; he
angered his people or made them impatient and lose calmness;
he demanded of his people promptness in obeying him (43:
55). fab fjd Igijjbtulj : You find them light at the time when
you travel (16:81). CXJ^- ( *3bU = plural): Light; light to carry;
light-burdened; brisk, lively; active, agile, prompt; (^J u^f-
j^J': Prompt to do good;) light or easy of utterance; light, thin
or scanty (said of hair). jJi oii Jui^ cKj : A poor man.
c_JLaJi : Quick, acute or sharp in intellect. ji*Jl aite- : Foolish;
unwise; uui* : Having small progeny; of few children.

dJU^- : She bears a light burden (7:190) 'JlUB j id* \° 3 'J>\ :
Go forth light and heavy (9:41).

Cjb 1 - [aor. cJ*S and cJuf6 inf. noun Uji^ and Isi^ and UU^-] OjJJi cJuf- :
The voice was or became still or silent; was or became low a
soft or gentle; became weak by reason of vehement hunger;
cJt* : He died or died suddenly; he was or became weak, abject
or abased, cil^-ji ^jj-aj : He lowered his voice; spoke with a
low voice, oj^^ : They will speak or talk to one another in
low tone (20:104). l# citsU 0 j uiJ*>Uj ^*JU j : Be not loud
voiced in thy Prayer nor low- voiced (17:111).

Ja&- [aor. ja^u inf. noun UaiU] : He lowered or depressed it.

m Lai* : God abased him. gj. j ilio °J* J^h : God abaseth
him whom He wills and exalteth. ~^ai\* : Abasing some
exalting others (56:4). Jei}* (act. part, Lai\* feminine); Jai^' :
One of the attributes of God meaning the Abaser of the proud,
haughty etc. ^U^Ji jai\* j* : He is gentle, easy to deal with; he

239

is grave, sedate or calm. iXJl i^aiy- Jjsjl : Land easy of
irrigation. Jp^y- j£± : An easy, tranquil and plentiful life. ja&-
<&-\^r : He (a bird) lowered his wing and contracted it to his side
that he might rest or cease from flying; he (a man) made
himself gentle, easy to deal with, obsequious. L_S^-l«r Ja^'j
^jitt : And make thyself gentle, easy to deal with, etc. for the
believers; be thou condescending to the believers and treat
them with gentleness; and lower for the believers thy wings of
mercy (15:89).

^Jlp- [aor. ^juf6 inf. noun tU^-] *^iJ' Jut- : The thing was or became
hidden, concealed; it was or became secret, private or
clandestine. OjJJi 'Jut- : The voice became low, faint or stifled.
<C±t- j>*i\ Jut- : The affair became obscure to him. s-^J' Ju>- (aor.
°Ju>6 inf. noun Jut-) : He made the thing apparent, manifest or
evident and also which means he removed its i.e.
covering. jUJi ^kJi Jut- : The rain made the rats to come from
their holes. \&ut-\ : I am going to manifest it or I am about to
remove that which covers it (20:16). o^Jaji cJJut-\ : I made the
voice low or faint or suppressed it. cZJutc^S ; I hid myself from
thee, jialtel U j U-> uij : I know what you conceal and
what you manifest (60:2). tji> fa fUi Js- ^ut6)\ : Nothing
concerning them will be hidden from Allah. ^Ui dj^^i '•
They seek to conceal from people (4:109). <pJu JuvuJ> j*
jlgJb oj^j : And he who hides by night and he who goes forth
by day (13:11). Ju*zJJ> means, hiding or concealing himself;
appearing. : A thing that is hidden or concealed from one;
Id* : A covering. Jut- : Hidden; imperceptible; obscure; faint or
dim; clandestine, secret; suppressed or soft. Ju>- fa : A dim
star, "J?- <J*°Je> '■ Looking with a secret and stealthy

glance (42:46). J* S'je : A secret glance. jut- &u : A low,
faint or gentle voice or sound. iff* *iis Zj i] : When he
called unto his Lord a secret calling or in a low voice (19:4).

'■ Secretly;quietly. jJ : He was secretly killed, \°j£>s\
XJ&j \fi S j&> ; Call upon your Lord humbly and in secret (7:56).
^\ : More secret; more hidden; more obscure etc. J-lil

240

Ji^-'j : He (God) knows the secret and what is more hidden
(20:8). Ol^ : A secret thing; a secret. ~Q>& jiS^ ,^0^ : No secret
of yours will remain hidden (69: 19).

[aor. Jsy inf. noun J>] <uA! J> : He became lean and spare. J>
fr^sJt : He pierced the thing and made a hole in it. tflpi ^? J>: He
particularized some persons or things in his prayer. also
means, he was or became poor or in want or need. (inf.
nouns aU> and J*>U) : He acted with him as a friend or as a true
or sincere friend. Si^ : True, or sincere or chaste friendship,
love or affection; friend [and also and 3Jb» ; ^iU : She is
my friend] ; ease, repose, freedom from trouble or
inconvenience; tranquility; ampleness of circumstances; acid or
sour. SJU U j ali U : Wherein there shall be no buying or selling
nor friendship (2: 255). J*5^r : An intervening space or gap
between two things; a wooden pin with which one pins a
garment; a toothpick; befriending or making of friends;
friendships (being plural of 1U) ; around or midst. a3
J^Uj: There will be neither traffick nor befriending or
friendships (14:32). jllil J">U signifies what is around the limits
of the house or around the walls thereof. I l$bu j*f j : And
placed rivers in its midst (27:62). ^Jl ojli J*>U lll^ : We went
round about or amid or the middle of the tents or houses of the
tribe, J*^ Ij^l^ : They went into or through or penetrated
the innermost parts of your houses (17:6). J*>^r : Also means a
long thorn or prickle. JIl^ : A friend; a true or sincere friend; a
special or particular friend; veracious; one who is pure and
sound in friendship or love; poor; needy, in want; one who
advises or counsels or acts sincerely, honestly or faithfully.
J^aJ' also signifies the heart; the liver; the nose; the sword; the
spear, ( and <$">U plural) ; illl JUjIj : And Allah

took Abraham for a special friend (4: 126). jaQ fa£>. -if»jd
: friends on that day will be foes to each other (43:68).

[aor. jU& inf. noun S and lU] jl&il J\ j< ^ : He

remained, stayed, dwelt ( flit) ; or he remained, stayed or dwelt

241

long ( 2^13^1 Jltl) ; and jllil ^ : He remained or continued
incessantly, always and for ever in a house, not going forth
from it. (aor. iUi inf. noun lb*-) and : He was slow in
becoming hoary when advanced in years. \j\f> <ui iUjj : And he
will abide therein abased (25:70). {J&A : As though you

will live for ever (26: 130). «jl&ib j' J\ ■ He dwelt in
the house or dwelt for long. «*j lUi : He kept or clave to him.
4jj j&\ : He inclined to him and relied upon him. J] ib^ j
: But he inclined to the earth (7:177). SjlUi : He or it
caused him to stay or dwell for long or stay or dwell for ever.

4JU C~Ju : He thinks that his wealth will make him
immortal (104:4). Sjk-j lb*- : Perpetuity; immortality; the state
of perpetual existence. ji^Jijii : Paradise; &

: We have given immortality to no mortal before thee
(21:35) AjUJi f>l 3$s : This is the Day of Immortality (50:35).

( djty* and c/.^y- are plurals and Ji^y- is dual): One who
lives in a place or lives for long or for ever, djty* ^ : They
will abide therein (2:26). ^JUt* jUJl ^ U# : They will indeed
both be in the Fire (59:18). 6j>^« (singular lUi) : Means,
always of the same age; never altering in age (or endowed with
perpetual vigour); or that never becomes decrepit; adorned with
earnings; or with bracelets or with ornaments. fa*
^jlui : There will wait upon them immortal youths or youths
who will not age or adorned with bracelets etc. (56: 18).

[aor. Jaku inf. noun Jf : It (a thing) was or became pure;
clear or genuine. <y> jsSj- ; The water became clear

from turbidness. ^jiii jaU : He withdrew or retired from the
people. : They retired conferring privately together

(12:81). &\ : He came to him. &\ ; They came to him
and referred to him their suit for judgement, i^iil jaUi : He
took the L>">U i.e. purified remainder, of the thing. jUi kiUi:
The fire purified it, namely gold or silver. l^aji\ He was
sincere or pure in giving advice. SijJi ti jaUi : He was sincere
or pure in love or affection to him. 'J>&\ aJJ jaUi : He was
sincere to God in his religion. aJJ fas \°jja&\j : And they are

242

sincere in their obedience to God (4:147). iiUi also means, he
chose or selected him. jllil cS^Ti ^UaUi : We chose them
for a special purpose reminding people of the abode of the
Hereafter; We purified them with a pure thought, remembrance
of the Hereafter or We rendered them pure by a pure quality
(38:47). iiUail : I may select him or take him specially

for myself (12:55). S-iii^ : A pure property or quality. \£»
Vdy : This thing is particularly or exclusively for thee,
^jji oj^ If, : This is particularly for thee and not for

other believers. (33:51). UjjTliJLiJU : Exclusively for our males
(6:140). jr^y- j* : He is my special, true, private friend. UaJ>
j^jLUi ImI^ : Pure and pleasant for those who drink it (16:67).
Jflj^ 1 c?J>->\ J] Ul : Surely, pure religion is for Allah alone; or lo!
it is to Allah alone that sincere obedience is due (39:4). JeSy :
Pure, sincere, true; unmixed; genuine; clear. (6>*^ an d

jIaU-s plurals): Pure or sincere towards God in religion;
without hypocrisy; or purely believing in the unity of God. jAjj
byeteu* : We look to Him alone; or to Him alone we are
sincerely devoted (2:140). JaUJ: Chosen by God and pure
from pollution. UaU^ : He was a chosen one (19:52).

JaL^ [aor. Jal^j inf. noun Sal*] ^lil; *^SJl Sals- : He mixed or
mingled one thing with the other. t^sJl iaU : He confused,
confounded or disordered it. Up ^ j l^U> i)kU : They
mixed good deeds with bad ones (9:102). aJaJb^ : It mixed,
mingled or intermixed with it. ^jiJi JaJV : He mixed with the
people or became intimate with them or had social intercourse
with them. ^jJi J> (jijIj^U ^i)kJUi jlj : And if you intermix with
them, they are your brethren in religion (2:221). : He had
carnal intercourse with her. iL~il\&Ay-: Whiteness became
intermixed in his hair, pa* My- : Great anxiety infected
or pervaded his mind. Jai»M : It was or became mixed, mingled
or blended or put together; it was or became confused,
confounded, disordered or promiscuous. JtUViUji : Or that
which becomes mixed with a bone (6:147). ^i'J>\ °^Qs- JaibM :
Their affair became confused to them, ill* JaibM : His intellect

243

became disordered, Jal^ - (plural *LkU) : One who mixes with
others or becomes intimate with them; a partner or sharer; one
who has mixed his property with that of his co-partner; one
who shares in merchandise or in a debt or in commerce; a
sharer in the rights of possession or property; a neighbour; a
husband. *lkUJi ja ojj : And surely many of the partners
(38:25).

Jal^ [aor. ^Uj inf. noun £L*-] **L* : He took it off, put it off or cast
it off from him. ^UtJ : Put off or take off thy shoes

(20:13) or as some say: Make thy heart free from thoughts of
family and property, ^f- : He bestowed upon him a robe of
honour.The Holy Prophet is reported to have said to Caliph
Uthman: «uU Jip Je*j\a lJoi} 1^4*3 ^ ■ Jiay aJJi jl : Verily God
will invest thee with the apparel of Khilafat and thou wilt be
solicited and urged to put it off. ji \X» ^ : He threw off his
allegiance. ^ijJl ^ : The governor was deposed, kr^i ^L* : He
divorced his wife for a compensation or gift from her. :
His family repudiated him. 3^*4 o_^sij : We repudiate
and forsake him who disobeys Thee. : A state of
divorcement of a woman from her husband for a compensation
or gift from her to him. UUJi diSj : Separation for a
ransom or gift occurred between the two); the best of choice
part of property; weakness in a man. : The act of divorcing
a wife for a ransom given by her, or for a gift or compensation
as a ransom to release her from her husband.

U&p- [aor. JaUj inf. noun : He was or became his ii^ i.e.

successor , vicegerent or his substitute. <uj3 iJj «U : God
made him a Khalifa over his people or among his people. iuU:
I was after him a substitute for him. tj-& j* ■ Evil

is that which you did after me (7:151). Jp°^ J> J*^- ^il: I
am going to appoint a vicegerent in the earth (2:31). aiU : He
came after or behind him or following him nearly or he
remained after him. Jd* (aor. JaUj inf. noun JiU) : He came
after, followed, succeeded or remained after another or another

244

that had perished or died. JiU Jds*i : And there

succeeded or came after them a posterity or even evil posterity
(7:170). dj^M (j^J*^ cs? : m tri e earth to be successors therein
(43:61). i^'^Jti^^^ '■ Take my place among my people
(7:143). j^Ji t-fli^- : The night followed the day (inf. nouns
JiU and &A*r). U*^ t-iU : He took or seized such a one from
behind, j-io «U : He spoke ill of him behind his back,

: He remained behind or after his companion; he did not
go forth with them. also means, he retired; he fled; he

ascended a mountain. (inf. noun Jil^-) : He was or became
bad, corrupt (7:170). jWli (inf. nouns m± and : The

boy was or became stupid, foolish or deficient in intellect.
also signifies, he mixed a thing with another thing, i^-iil :
He left the thing behind him; he deferred it. : He left him
behind him. aaU^] : He made him or appointed him his i.
e. vicegerent or successor. & jjJJi ciU^i Ui" J>
(i^p : That He will surely make them successors in the earth as
He caused those who were before them to succeed others
(24:56). j jitetzL* it? \°jiti>\j : And spend of that whereof
He has made you heirs (57:8). tjiU j)JA\ abteJl Js-j : And to the
three also who were left behind or whose case was deferred
(9:118). Oj^k^ 1 £j* : Those who were left behind

rejoiced in their sitting at home (9:81). : He kept back

from them. fUl Jj^j <jl : They should have remained

behind the Messenger of God (9:120). «Lm : He turned him or
made him to stand behind him. i&j and aj^jj : He did not
fulfil his promise or broke it. js-j lit : When he makes a
promise, he does not fulfil it. 3Upj* LibM U : We did not break
our promise to thee (20:88). iUlJi JiUiU aAJi jl : Surely, Allah
does not break His promise (3:10). (act part). XJJi ^Jd^i
fljij JiU^ : Think not then that Allah will not fulfil His
promise to His Messengers (14:48). ^AaJI u^-\ : The boy nearly
attained to puberty. «jV (inf. noun <3">U): He disagreed with
him or differed from him; disobeyed him or opposed him. lij
ilfi U J\ {J&y\ X>J : And I do not desire to do against

245

you the very thing which I ask you not to do (11:89). jf- dj^H
: Who go against His command (24: 64). *j£ j jIj utfl^ : He
put one of his legs forward and the other backward. j£ jSy-
j^liil : He put the two things on contrary sides or in contrary
directions. *^^r & (♦^rj'j <S*M^ : I shall cut your hands
and your feet on contrary or alternate sides (7:125). :
Contrary or alternate sides; the contrary or opposite of a thing
(It is inf. noun from Jd\*) ; after; behind. : He came

after him. &\ £^ fajJ&v : At sitting behind the
Messenger of Allah (9:81). u&*\ is the cont. of jis\ . a&\*s
$'yfi\ : The two things were dissimilar to each other.
y>\ J> \°jJA\s*jj : They disagreed in the affair or case, every one
holding an opinion different from or contrary to that of another.
fa&j>$\J&*\ ; The affair or the case was or became
complicated or confused so as to be a subject of disagreement
or difference between them. IjiibMj Vfja : They became divided
and disagreed among themselves (3:106). & cib^li : And
differences were created therein (11:111). 3*j^\ (inf. noun):
Disagreement; difference; alternation; jl^'j Jl^ tJ^-lj: In the
alternation (or difference) of night and day (2:165). & iji^-jJ
\"Jjf li^ajs-l : Would have found therein much disagreement
(4:83). Ji^J ( and 'J^^ plurals) and act. part, from

u&±\. iiljil JibU o'r* : A drink of different colours (16:70).
^°j&*J> & ^» ij m\ : In which they disagree or differ (78:4). JiU :
The location or quarter that is behind; and the time past;
behind; after. «U : He came behind him, after him. «U dJ
: He remained after him. fa^- j* fat ' ji^-t p : Those who have
not yet joined them from behind them (3:171). Uj fa>.x>\ £i»
fati* : What is before them and what is behind them (2:256).
JiU also means, one who comes after another; one who
remains after another whether this other be dead or living; one
remaining after another who is dead; the follower or successor
of one who has gone; persons remaining after others; a remnant
of people; a generation after a generation. ~4\ lSJI* jj&d : So
that thou mayest be a sign to those who come after thee

246

(10:93). <y> ji^ji j-ii : So strike fear in those that are behind
them (8:58). u&j- is syn. with JiU meaning a son or
generation. But according to some the former means a good
son or generation. JiU means a bad son or bad generation. JiU
Jjl^ means, a good son or generation and s-j~- JiU means, a
bad son or generation. *j~> ate- j> Ul£ : We remained among an
evil generation. JiU- # a&*$ : There came after them an
evil generation (19:60). JiU also means, a person or persons in
whom there is no good ; a thing in which there is no good; a
bad saying; old and worn out; the head of a razor, lib*-: (1). A
mode or manner of coming after; (2). difference of any kind;
(3). coming and going of the night or the day. JIW J*^- J;JJl ja
a^Jby- jtglltj : And He it is Who has made the night and the day
each following the other (25:63). : They go to and

fro; (4). remains of water in a tank; (5) what remains of food
between the teeth; (6) a time after a time; (7) differing one from
another or others. VQt- ( u&te- and are plurals): A
successor; a vicegerent; lieutenant; substitute; proxy; deputy;
the supreme or greatest ruler; or sovereign who supplies the
place of one who has been before him, particularly the
successor of a Prophet; one who precedes someone and is
followed by him. j>°^\ J> Jp£ °j\ ; I am about to place a
vicegerent in the earth (2: 31). J> p : Then

We made you their successors in the earth (10: 15). h\
0 jJ<j & iXate- : When He made you successors after the
people of Noah (7: 70). udv- (plurals and : One

who remains behind after another or others in case of a war; a
corrupt or bad man; a slave who has withdrawn from the people
of his house; foolish; stupid or having little or no intellect or
understanding; a person in whom there is no good; one who
often breaks his promise; a drawer of water; weak without
appetite for food, o^^ 1 £* • So now sit with those who

remain behind (9: 83). utyj* is the plural both of ud\* and X&y-
and means persons who remain behind in case of a war; women
who remain behind or children remaining behind; bad or

247

J* Jj*

corrupt people, foolish or stupid persons or persons who have
little or no intellect or persons in whom there is no good, f ji

Persons in whom there is no good, g \y°JZ c&
J>}\'jA}\ : They are content to be with women who remain behind
(9: 87).

J^- [aor. jUj inf. noun jU] iiU : (1). He measured it or he
determined its measure or proportion. : He measured

or proportioned the hide with a view to cutting it. ji^ : He
determined the measure of the sandal; (2). he designed or
fashioned or planned it, jllaJl jZ °J>\ : I will fashion out

for you of clay (3 ; 50); (3) he made it according to a certain
measure or design; (4) He (God), produced or created or
brought into existence a thing or being without there being any
pre-existing pattern or model or similitude or He brought into
existence from a state of non-existence or He originated it.
i{ s h\ aJJ1 : Allah brought the thing into existence after it had not
been. J>jWj oj*-lJl ji> : He (God) created the heavens and the
earth (6: 74). Jfill 'fi] I : Worship your Lord Who

brought you into existence when you were nothing (2:22); (5)
he forged or fabricated a lie. jUJl dJi^-b fcte blU : Such a one
related to us fictitious tales or stories, l£s] : And you

forge a lie (29: 18). oj^ : The garment became old and
worn out. «A> : He made it smooth, equable or even. jL* :
Make or proportion, etc. jLfcJiflijjrj : A man complete or
perfect as regards make or proportion; aLaj jUJi J> ^ ilj : And
He gave you growth of stature or constitution (7:70); what is
created or creation or creatures or all created things i. e. Jjjl*iJi
(plural aJJi j£ : They are the creatures of God. li»

aJJi : This is the creation of God (31: 12); the act of creating;
Oj^>. 'Jk '■ And He was not wearied by creating them (46: 34).
jSU also means religion. aJL31 jUJ Jj.&iJ : There is no altering the
creation or religion of Allah (30:31). It also signifies anything
made smooth. ji> and $U (plural : (1)- Nature, natural

disposition; (2). inborn quality; (3). morals; (4). custom; (5).
habit, manner; (6). religion; jlyiil iiU jtf : His religion was the

248

Holy Qur'an or the morals depicted in the Holy Qur'an were his.
(tJaP jiU JU) : Thou possess the highest morals or the best
religion (68: 5); (7). lie; (8). humanity or (9). refinement; (10).
manliness. jsJjVl lit li» : This is nothing but a habit or
custom or lie of the ancients (26:138). ^ is the physical make
of man and ji> is inner make i. e. his morals, ji^ (act. part,
from and ( and are plurals) : A worker in

leather and the like; the creator; originator. jJUfcfi is one of the
attributes of God. ^ iBl : Allah is the Creator of every
thing (13:17). jjaittil^ : Are they the creators (52:36). Jfjtf
^UJi jl^l lUl : Blessed be Allah the Best of creators. j">Uji
(an intensive epithet): The Great Creator; or the Creator of all
things. JfrUil y>j Jfc : He is the Great Creator, the
All-knowing (36: 82). or means, he forged a lie.
<$1krl: A forged lie; forging a lie; a fabrication. Ul lla jl :

This is nothing but a lie or forgery or fabrication (38:8). UU* :
Perfect or complete in make. iSLL« iAjai : Lump of flesh, perfect
or complete in make (22:6). : A share or portion or a good
just or righteous share or portion, or a full or complete share or
portion of good; religion. j> 'J£ Jj^lJ : They shall have no
share of good in the Hereafter (3:78). They say aJ : He
has no desire for good nor righteous in religion.

*^ [aor. jl^j inf. noun ijk and I'M] ^ : The house became

empty, vacant or unoccupied. J*UV1 jiiul* l^jap l)U lilj : And
when they are alone they bite their finger tips at you for rage
(3:120). fcrj : So that your father's favour may be

all for you (12:10). *M or &\ *M or <o : He was alone with
him. 4j : He mocked at him, ridiculed him; deceived,
deluded him. ^ : He relied upon him. i^iJl ^ : The thing
went or passed away. ^ : The man passed away or died.
«Ljt ^4 dJU JLS ^sJl Jjl L_i : The law of God that has been in
operation in respect of His servants (40:86). cJ£ A3 &£t :
These are a people that have passed away (2:135). *p cJ*
J-^t : There indeed passed away (died), before him the
Messengers (3:145). ^ also means, he devoted himself to

249

religious services in solitude. { J^> : It or he became alone; it
became empty or vacant. c-LtJj U cJjlj : And casts out all
that is in it and becoms empty (84:5). ^ilJ ; He left his way
free to him. {$~*» IjlAi : Leave their way free (9:5). Jl^ :
Empty, vacant, void, unoccupied; vacant or free; alone; past or
passed away. Sj'J '■ Generations that have passed away. J>
ffi : In the days that have gone by (69:25).

J-*^ [aor. JLisy and «U> aor. i»>tj inf. noun Sjl^- and i^>] jl ol«>
jUi : The fire subsided or its flaming and blasting ceased

but its embers remained unextinguished; it died away and
became utterly extinguished. o.u> : The fever or its

vehemence became allayed. Jeky2\ : The patient swooned
or fainted or he died. (oj-^?^ and c/jU& are plurals) :
Silent and dead. 6j-k^ ( ^ : And lo, they were extinct, silent,
dead, and became like extinguished ashes (36:30).

ji> [aor. jL*u inf. noun ay**- : He covered or veiled it.

aji^Jji : He concealed the testimony, _^>l j\ : He gave
the man wine to drink. : He leavened the dough. y+*-:

He became intoxicated. y**- (aor. y^S) '■ He became concealed;
he hid himself. y^ : Wine; grape -wine; any intoxicating thing
that clouds or obscures the intellect; grapes; I y^- 'yfiA [j\ : I
see myself pressing grapes or pressing out wine from grapes.

yJii\ Uji : Wine and the games of chance are only (5:91).
*Jt** : Leaven or ferment. jU> : State of intoxication. jU>
( *yU- plural) : A woman's veil; a woman's veil with which she
covers her head; a man's turban. l_T>U> : What has befallen
thee, jf.y£ Jl* 1/} y^H cx>.j^2j : They should draw their
head-coverings (veils), over their bosoms (24:32).

j*wo>- [aor. and J~*-?4 inf. noun J~^>] fj^l <_r~«> : He was or

became the fifth of the people; he took the fifth part of the
possessions of the people. JUJi j^i- ; He took the fifth part of
the property. J»i> signifies the taking of one from five,
also signifies, (1). he made fourteen to be fifteen or (2). he
made fortynine, to be fifty with himself. also means, he

250

(the horse), came fifth in the race. 5-U> masculine and J-i^
feminine: Five. J^-j J-14> : Five men and ij^i : Five
women. p&*C> Z*~*s>- : They say, "They were five, the
sixth was their dog" (18:23). and : Fifth, jl J-l »UJij

Jjl cu*J : And his fifth oath will be to say that Allah's curse
be upon him (24:8). Ll*^ <j*^ : Such a one came fifth. JJ>
or JJ> : A fifth part. Sj^y^.j w> aJJ : A fifth thereof shall
go to Allah and the Messenger (8:42). h°y^- and 'Jr~+* : Fifty
and fiftieth. Ul* Ul <Li ^1 ^ d-i* : And he dwelt among

them a thousand years but fifty years (29: 15).

jA**- [aor. inf. noun Ja^>] f-iiJl c - ^« > : The man's foot was

hollow in the middle of the sole so that it did not touch the
ground. Joi> (aor. Joisti) and (aor Jfl^tj) and Ja**-
(aor. Jfl^4) (inf. noun of all is Ja^> and ; The belly

was or became empty i. e. hungry and lank. (aor.
Ja^4): Hunger rendered him lank in the belly. l~eU*6> ; Hunger;
emptiness of the belly of food. l~eu>s>6> iJ j C-*> tJj : Neither
fatigue nor hunger (9:120).

Ja*>- [aor. JaX?4 inf. noun and Ja*> aor. Ja^>4 inf. noun Jal>].
J^-^Ji Ja*> : The man became proud and angry. (iAJUl Ja^> : He
roasted the meat. Jai> : Sour, bitter; certain deadly trees; or
deadly poison; fruit that is bitter and choking and disagreeable
in taste. ^\ : Bitter fruit (34: 17).

jjnf- [aor. jj»4 inf. noun Sjj^] : He acted like the swine. yy* : The
swine; the hog; the pig. ( yj& plural), yy*^\ f&lj : And
blood and the flesh of swine (2: 174). yj^j Sf^jil ^ J*^J :
And of them He has made apes and swine (5: 61).

j*-^ [aor. and J-^h inf. noun ij>y*- and J^] : He drew back;
held back; lagged behind; remained behind; receded; retreated
or retrograded; he hid himself or became hidden and shrank.

: The star went back, returned or became hidden,
pill Lr & ; He remained behind the people. ^ lit o 1 ^ 11 J~*i
Jjt ^fi : The devil shrinks when he hears the mention of God.
<u Lr & : He went away with him so that he was not seen. Lr &

251

JiiSli : The nose became depressed in the bone and so became
flat. ^ISJl c»l-> : The feet became flat in the hollow part of the
sole. J~si^ (plural J^) : He who holds back, remains behind,
lags behind, retires, retreats, recedes. J^Ji : The stars, because
they retire or because they hide themselves at setting or because
they become concealed in the day time; or the planets because
of their retrogression and recession and returning in their
course. j-JUib ^ : Nay! I call to witness the planets that
recede (81: 16). J-UrfJi (act. part, noun): The devil; the sneaking
whisperer (114:5). jlwtfy : Slandering; calumniating.

Jji** [aor. inf. noun ja*- and : He throttled, strangled or

choked him or it; he squeezed his throat so that he died.
iliVl : He filled the vessel. 5 jJL^sit : He straitened the time of
Prayer by postponing it. SU> or iSl*- SU> : A sheep or goat

throttled or strangled or choked or a sheep or goat strangled,
throttled or choked by itself (5:4).

jb^ [aor. jjsy inf. noun jlj*-] jjiJl : The bull uttered its cry i. e.
lowed or bellowed. : The loud crying; low or bellowing of
a cow or a calf; or the bleating of sheep or goats and of gazelles
and of any beasts and the whizzing of arrows, jlj*- i) ll^- : A
mere body producing a lowing sound (20:89). jjsJl
He has a voice like the bellowing of the bull. also means, he
or it was or became feeble, weak or languid. j^>^ : The heat
abated.

[aor. Jff'yu inf. noun Je°y- and J»t>] s-UJi JsL^ : He waded or
forded through the water; he entered into the water and walked
through it. yh\ J> Jete- : He plunged into the affair. (J^CJi J> je^ :
He entered or plunged into or indulged in false, vain discourse
or speech. \j^y- ^JJ^" j : And you indulged in idle talk as
they did (9:69). <& Ja>y- : He said what was false regarding it.
dJbl^-Sfl j> Jpy- : The people indulged in discourse. jdJJl
LJl^i j> tz'yp'y^ : Those who indulge in vain or false discourse
regarding Our Signs (6: 69). JuZlU : He thrust the sword
into his body and moved it about in it. lituJl je°j?6k>\ : He

252

plunged himself into dangers. o'jJU' ; He mixed the wine
and stirred it. Jfij* is the confusing and confounding in an
affair, jete- (plural h'y*®* and js-tf^-, act part. noun). Je°y*i lis j
jI^JIaJI : And we indulged in vain discourse with those who
indulged in it (74:46). Jt>teu» : Throes of child-birth; she-camels
big with young. J^bUJi La iUfU : So the pains of child birth
drove her (19:24).

[aor. inf. noun and iilsj- and AiU^J Ja^ is imperative;
cJ* (first per.), and c-i*- (second per.), ^y- : He feared; he
was afraid or frightened or terrified. \y^i\ ir«4 : For

him who fears the punishment of the Hereafter (11:104). j*Jj
-oj : And he who fears to stand before his Lord (55:47).

fey- and : He feared, or was afraid of him. Lsl> also

means, he exceeded him in fear, iw <3y- : He feared from him
or it. IfUj dil>- Sl^il j : And if a woman fears on the part of
her husband (4: 129). lili aIAp »3t^ : He feared for him a thing.
<dU Jlp : He feared him or it for his property. <C& liU :
And when thou fearest for him (28:8). is, according to
some, used in the sense of ji> i.e. he thought or opined or
knew, li^r jey & : And who thinks or knows that there

is on the part of the testator an inclination to wrong (2:183).

: He put fear into him; he frightened him; he made him to
be in such a condition or state that men feared him; he made
him to be feared by men. 9*L3jl £j*4 ffi* U-sjVerily, it is
the Satan who makes you fear his friends; or who makes his
friends fear i. e. he frightens them (3:176). <u £0i ^yv. '■
Against which Allah warns His servants or by which He
frightens them (39: 17) (inf. noun uu yu). &y*3 Ul ol^b J~>y Uj :
And We send not Signs but to warn (17:60). <^j^j besides
being syn. with also means, he took little by little from it
or from its sides or he took it from its extremities. lllJl :
The year or the drought took from us little by little. j?y*3 :
He diminished to me little by little my right or due. Jl* jt
fcijsu : Or (are they secure from) His destroying them to suffer
loss little by little in their bodies and possessions etc. (16:48).

253

iluj- &ya ; His stupidity deprived him of his due. 3'y- ; Fear.
Lwi p&y- 4*j : And He will surely give them in

exchange security after their fear (24:56). |*i Uj *3j^Uj
OjjjAi : There shall come to them no fear, nor shall they grieve
(2:39). &°y- denotes fear about the future and Sy~ grief or
regret about the past. 3°y according to some also means,
slaughter. <J>Ji ji j&j&j : And We will assuredly try you
with some what of slaughter (2:156). It also means, fighting, lili
3°yA\ i\*r : And when fighting comes (33:20). (act. part):
Fearing; one who is very fearful; timorous. ( j#)* and by*)*
are plurals). \&y-\£*^y\l : And he went forth therefrom
fearing. 'Jj&st- \A°y*°£ : To enter therein but in fear (2:115).

j U °y- iyh\j : And call upon Him in fear and hope (7:57).
*4*r : Syn. with (Fear). iil* °j> J^f jti : And he
conceived a fear in his mind (20:68). j Lp^sj : With
humility and fear (7:206).

Jb 5 - [aor. Syn inf. noun jy- and JU*] ^IjJl Jt* : He pastured the
animals and managed them; he tended them and sustained them
well. Ji>- : He managed their affairs; he rules and

governs them. Jt* [aor. Syn and J 1*3 : He became possessed
of slaves, servants and other dependants after having been
alone. VUjI i^ijl Hjl JJjjt : God made him to possess or
conferred or bestowed upon him as a favour the thing or the
property. «Uj^ lil ^ : And when We confer upon him or
bestow upon him a favour from Us (39:50). JjsM and Jj^t : He
had maternal uncles or many maternal uncles. Sy~ '■ A man's
slaves or servants and other dependants; a gift or gifts. 'Jefy
Jj*Ji : He is a person of many gifts, Jj* These are the
servants or slaves of such a one. J I* : A maternal uncle (plural
Jlj*0 ; one's mother's brother. Sfe (<£)Ul* plural) : A maternal
aunt; one's mother's sister. ^0^- Oj£ jl '^)'y-\ jt : Or the
houses of your maternal uncles or your mother's brothers or the
houses of your mother's sisters (24:62). lJ&I* otuj : And the
daughters of thy maternal uncle (33:51). ll» Jt* Ul : I am
the owner of this horse, (J I* means, manager and tender or

254

owner); Jl^ also means an indication or a symptom; sign or
mark or token of good in a person; a mole; JJj^ : A female
gazelle.

[aor. inf. noun lsU*r and and Sj^] and : He
acted or behaved unfaithfully to the trust or confidence that he
reposed in him; or he acted Unjustly or wrongfully to him or;
he was unfaithful, perfidious or treacherous to him. ijijj jlj
jj °y> aJJ1 \jiy- & : And if they intend to deal

treacherously with thee, they have already behaved
treacherously to God (8:72). lst> : Treachery; faithlessness;
perfidiousness. ( jjjls**J*s» : You had been acting unjustly

to yourselves (2:188). jfl^ and and SjJ^ and o'j^ (the last
three are intensive epithets): Unfaithful, treacherous and
perfidious person. Oi IJ <jl : God does not

love one who is very perfidious (4:108). 'JS* '■ (plural of :
Perfidious, treacherous and unfaithful persons. 'J~&*& Cr 3
\ZLa* : Be not a disputer for the treacherous (4:106). jt 6^
^4*Ji ^ : He broke the compact. He was unfaithful to the pact.

k>\s>- ; He was unable to walk, having legs being unfaithful
to him. 'J>&\ ky- : The time was unfaithful to him. : Inf.
noun of & and feminine gender of jjU and intensive form of
jjV like i£Ap and ajlU . iaV : A surreptitious look at a
thing at which it is not allowable to look; or look with a look
that induces suspicion; or making a sign with the eye to
indicate a thing that one conceals in his mind; or the
contracting of the eye by way of making an obscure indication.
(i44 hjy- Jlp gtiaj JI}J iJj : And thou wilt not cease to discover
treachery on their part (5:14). j^Vl JbJt^ (Ji* : He (God) knows
the treachery of the eyes (40:20).

(Jjp- [aor. inf. noun t\y-] cJ3l : The house became empty,
vacant or unoccupied; or its occupants perished; or it fell down;
or it became demolished, (as also <s f-). f js*dl ct'y- ; The stars
inclined to setting. is'y- : He or it pursued a right course, j^- :
Empty; fallen down. SjjI^- Jj?jl : A land devoid of its

255

inhabitants, ajj^ : And those are their houses empty;

or fallen down (27:53). ajj^ jAi : As though they

were trunks of palm-tree torn up or eaten within or fallen down
(69: 8). : Besides being feminine of j^- also means, a

calamity or misfortune.

4^ [aor. 44*« and uj^l inf. noun : He failed to obtain what
he desired or sought; he was disappointed of and devoid,
refused, debarred from attaining what he sought or desired; he
suffered loss; he disbelieved; he perished. <y : He who

fears will be disappointed. &>\j <u*J >Jy- : His labour and hope
resulted in disappointment. Uiis JUi- & '■ He meets with

failure or he perishes who bears the burden of wrong-doing
(20:112). Cjy- (act. part, from o^) : One who is disappointed
or fails to or debarred from attaining his desire or object; one
who is ruined or who perishes. : (plural of

: They might go back frustrated, disappointed (3:128).

[aor. 'Jjy„ inf. noun *J^\ : He was or became possessed of good
etc; he was or became good; he did good. yfi\ li» j> m 'p- :
May God do good to thee, bless thee, prosper thee etc. j\
aIIp i'Jft- : He preferred him to him. I y~y > ^ ' i .r^' '■ He gave him
the choice between two affairs, fljb^j and i'J^c : He chose,
selected, elected or preferred him or it. ji jUf^ll j*
Jl^^Jt : I chose him from among the men. L$s- : I chose
him in preference to them. : And Moses

chose from among his people seventy men (7:156). (iiU}»M jijj
'J^\ji\ Js- jj* Jlp : And We chose them knowingly above the
people (44:33). h'ij^k & : And fruits that they chose

(56:21). p- : (1). Wealth or property; (2). much wealth; (3).
wealth or property that has been collected in a praiseworthy
manner. #j l^f ^°J^» "Jjf- JUJi JliiU : Wealth is not

called ^ (Khair), unless it is in large quantity and is collected
in a praiseworthy manner. \'J^ dS'ji jl : If he leave much wealth
(2:181). : And whatever wealth you spend

(2:274); (4). good things; (5). horses etc. J^>\ CJ- cZf\ °J\ : I

256

love the love of horses; or I preferred the good things of the
world (38:33); (6). good or goodness; good fortune; prosperity;
(7). welfare; well-being; (8). happiness; (9). good state or
condition; (10). bounty or beneficence. : Poverty, or

niggardliness. Jlp> J^rj : A man possessing little or no
good; possessing few or no good things; or poor or niggardly
or who does little good; or in whom there is little good or
goodness, ^j^j j* J^f °J> j>U : There is no good in many of
their conferences (4:115). jUti ^ jU : Then if good
befall him he is satisfied (22: 12). ^> jj dJU* U : All the good it
has done (3:31). j> also means, good, better, best (denoting
superiority). faj&i *J~>- p$ Uit : That Our granting them
respite is good for them (3:179). 'J*- j& uli> i^^ij : You
dislike a thing while it is good for you (2:217). "J?- "il»°$ X*%
~f 'jJiJ : A believing bond woman is better than an idolatress
(2:222) jJUii & j> \ *j£ Jg&t ; Is that better or the Garden of
Eternity (25: 16). j-Ui 'Jjf- &b : Such a one is best of all people.
jj^TUJi j^- tfjij : And God is the Best of planners (3:55).
J^l^lAJi^ : The Best of judges (7:88). J^-j : Good man
0& plural). jl>Sfi jS ji' : All were good (or best). (38:49).
5^: A good woman or woman excellent in beauty and
disposition, generous in race, exalted in rank, possessing much
wealth (oij> plural). ^'J* oft ■ Therein will be maidens
good and beautiful (55:71). 5j> also means, a good thing of
any kind; a good quality; a good act or action ( &\'J~>- plural),
oi^ji J> jjPjllj : Vie with one another in good works (3:115).
5^ : A man or thing (or men or things) chosen, selected or
elected. <uL*- ^> Jji 3^ alAi : Muhammad is the chosen of God
from all His creatures. also means, choice, option (also
Sj^jJi jlTli : They have no choice or option or it is not
for them to choose (28:69). cS\ : You have the choice.

[aor. inf. noun Ja>] i>l> : He sewed, sewed together or
sewed up the garment. Ja^ : Thread or string. jeQ^ lal*\\ : The true
dawn; whiteness of the dawn; whiteness of the day; the dawn that rises
high filling the horizon. Ja^Ji : The false dawn; the blackness of

257

ft*

night; the dawn that appears black and spreads sideways; the night,
jiia^ji : The night and the day. ajitfi Ja£*ii & jsQW Sa£l\
: Until the white thread becomes distinct to you from the black thread
(2:188). £l> : A needle. ^UrtJi p : Into the eye of the needle
(7:41). Jfl^ :Aseamster.

Jb 1 - [aor. Jl*j inf. noun J> and *1> and Jl> and jtA^-] J 1 ^ : He
surmised, fancied, imagined, thought, opined, or knew the thing. *J JJ>
llT : Such a thing was imaged to him in his mind i.e. such a thing
seemed to him. ilTki^Ji J> : It seemed to him that it was so. ^jj^-i
°pAj*L~>°y> :Theirstavesappearedtohimbytheirmagic(20:67). J4^ :
Horses collectively; cavalry; used as singular and plural, males and
females; horsemen or riders of horses, jl^ij J&ij J4*Jij : Horses
and mules and asses (16:9). ^-Qrj j ^S^> '^i- : And urge

against them thy horsemen and thy footmen (cavalry and infantry).
(17:65). Jtass-J: He was proud or haughty or he behaved proudly or
haughtily. Jbii: Proud and self- conceited or vain; one who walks with
a proud and self-conceited gait, with an affected inclining of his body
from side to side, jj^i JlsA* Jf C^yji : He (God) loves not any proud
orvainor self- conceited boaster (3 1:19).

[aor. ji^?* inf. noun ^] JlaiJi : He held backinfighting through
cowardice and fear and attained no good. U> ( plural): Tent; any
house that is not built of stones and bricks ; a place of abode; pavilion; a
construction of trees and palm-branches with their leaves upon them,
which a man uses for shade when he brings his camel to water. i^-SJt
J>°jii \ dJij all I fil^ J> : The martyr is in the tabernacle of God beneath
His throne. It is also applied to women's vehicles of the kind called
. Plural of U> is ol»> and ^ and ^U*Jl ^ of, j*kiJ ;
Well guarded in pavilions (55:73).

258

Dal

Numerical Value = 8

259

t-r*ti [aor. o*^ inf. noun and and 40j^] tj-*^ 1 : He strove,

laboured, toiled or exerted himself; He wearied himself or became
wearied in the work and he held on or continued in his work. 4^
= »yj> : He drove the beast vehemently or drove him away. jlfdij J4^'
U^lispl o b 5^ : The night and the day hold on in their course
alternating, S\s : Acustom;manner,habitorwont;anaffair,abusiness
or a concern; a state or condition; a deed or work. I JU» : This is
thy custom, concern, condition or work. J 1 '■ Like the case
of the people of Pharoah or like their continuing in their disbelief or like
theirstrivinghardagainstMosesetc.(3:12).bii Jt* :He

said you will sow for seven years working hard and continuously
(12:48). 4^ : Striving, labouring and exerting himself and wearying
himself in his work or holding on and continuing. Oli aAIJ : A hard
fatiguing or continuous a night-journey, j&li : The night and the day,
which are so called because they hold on in their course of following
one another. J~j)s yA\j jJ^\ : The sun and the moon, both
performing their work constantly (14:34).

[aor. o.u inf. noun o^] : He or it crept, crawled, went or walked
leisurely or gently or simply he walked. ^iU> Lul; *~>>H j* : He creeps
among us with calumnies. <bjii£ dJi : His scorpions i.e. calumnies or
slanders, crept along. SjTi (4^ plural), masculine and feminine:
Anything including animals, beasts, reptiles or insects that creep or
crawl or walk slowly; all moving animals whether big or small, whether
walking on two legs or four or creeping on the belly; its predominant
signification being a beast that is ridden especially, a beast of the equine
kind; i.e. a horse, a mule and an ass; any creature that walks or creeps
or crawls, rational or irrational; according to some, the word includes
birds also. dJj : And He scatters therein all kinds of

beasts (2:165). -y> faj ^**< J* & & & ^'j

pj\ ^s- °J» faj jlU-j Jlp ^4Ij: And God has created every
animal from water. Of them are some that go upon their bellies, and of
themare some that go upon two feet, and among them are somethatgo
uponfour(24:46). ^jtfilftty :Butawormoftheearth(34:15).ji»o]
261

£^ £^

Jill* OijUi : The worst of beasts in the sight of God (8: 23).

jji [aor. and ^inf. noun $S and ijjii] ty* : He followed his back;
he followed him with respect to time, place, rank or station. ^XifrUf :
He came following them. fjShy* : The people went away, turning the
back and did not return; they perished. y>*i\ j> jl y>Wyi : He
considered the issue or result of the affair or the case; he performed or
executed the affair with thought or consideration; he devi sed or planned
the affair; he governed, managed, conducted or regulated the affair. 'y%
jPj^ Jl '& y^ '■ He (God) directs or plans the Ordinance from
the heaven unto the earth. (32:6). y>% y% : He (God) regulates the
affair (13:3). a3 yk jt tyk : He thought or meditated upon it; he
considered or examined it or studied it repeatedly in order to know it or
until he knew it. yk : Signifies thinking or meditating upon a thing and
endeavouring to understand it; syn. with ^>and "J^>. jljiil jjjJ-iafrM
: Will they not then consider the meanings of the Holy Qur'an and
endeavour to obtain a clear knowledge of what is in it (4: 83). yM =
yX>_ . Jjiil I /y&^M : Have they not, then, endeavoured to understand
(meditated upon) what has been said to them ( I (23:69). y&> :
One who manages, orders or regulates the affairs of any kind, but
generally affairs of importance. iy^ (feminine) and d>\yjJ> (plural).
\y\ £>\y$Jj\j : And those who are charged with the managing, ordering
andregulating of affairs (79:6). ^y°^ (inf. noun jUil) :Heturnedback
or away from him. y& p : Then he turned away and behaved

proudly (74:24). y}\ it J^Jlj : And by the night when it retreats to
depart or withdraws (74: 34). or when it follows the day. »yj>\ : He
made him to be behind him. jUit : Retiring or declining or going back.

jloi : And at the setting of the stars, when the stars go back i.e.
decline or set. y& ( 'Jiy& plural) : Turning back. \y& Jj : He turned
back retreating (28:32). £ (*^J P '■ Then you turned your backs
retreating (9: 25). Vy& : A land upon which rain has fallen
partially, not generally or universally, y} and y} (plural j0) :(l)The
back; (syn. *$). ay} Jj : He turned his back; he put to flight, dj&j
y's ja L lo ^J : And she tore his shirt from behind (12:26). yM d°Jy '•

262

They shall turn the backs, y^ is here used collectively (54:46). ^jl y
:Theywillturntheirbackstoyou(3:112). ijsp-llt jljitj :And
after the prostrations (50: 41). = jUil (2). the back or hinder part (cont.
of JJ) ; the backside; (3). posterior; (4). buttocks; (5). rump;(6). the
anus; (7). the latter or last part or parts of anything. y)s (act. part, of
yi) : Following behind the back; the last that remains of a people; he
(or those) who comes at the end of a people; one who comes after or
follows another; the last of anything; the root, stock, race or the like
(syn. pAyf* w : May God cut off the last of them or

extirpate them. ^J^S\y)i jJa&j : And He cut off the root of the
disbelievers (8:8). fjill y}} : The last remnants of the people were
extirpated (6:46).

jji [aor. y°Sj Inf. noun j'y'i] : It (a trace or mark), became covered with
sand blown over it by the wind; it became effaced or obliterated; he
became overcome by old age and emaciation, oj^ 1 'P> : The garment
becamedirty. uLlA\'y's : The sword became rusty. *yi :Hedestroyed
or obliterated him or it; he covered him with jib i.e. worn garment. yi
yyai\ : The bird adjusted its nest. 'y% ji vjiJb y& : He wrapped or
covered himself entirely with the garment. yte : He leaped upon
and rode the horse, jto : Any garment which a person wears for
warmth; upper garment; overcoat. The Holy Prophet is reported to
have said j&Ul J»^j ^ '■ You are persons of distinction and
other people are vulgar, y to also means to vanquish the enemy. QaJ
act. part.) ; jJ-Uii : O that has wrapped himself with the mantle;
O that is ready to mount the horse (74: 2)

[f-i [aor. inf. noun jj^o and y-i] i'y-s : He drove him away; he
expelledorbardshedhim;herepelledMmwithrouglmessandignominy;
he put him or removed him to a distance. and : Driven

away; repulsed or repelled; removed to a distance with ignominy and
violence. 4^ $ j 'jJ^ '■ Repulsed and for them is perpetual
punishment (37:10). \*/y-jS U)L °J> : Thou be cast in Hell
condemnedandrejected (17:40).

263

[aor. Ja^-oJinf noun Jo*-*] ^rj c~&-s : He slipped. JJjsJi c-^-i:
The sun declined towards the place of setting. *x*J- c~&-i : His
argument, plea, allegation or evidence was or became null and void.
i^AJi je9-i\ : He made the argument or plea null and void, aj
j^Ji : That they might rebut (or make null and void or slippery and
instable) the truth thereby (40:6). Jia^ti : Slipping or slippery.
plural and 2-^iifeminine). : Their plea or argument is

slipping,infirm,nullandvoidorfutile(42:17). je^s :Havingno
firmness or stability in their affairs. ( plural) : Worsted;

rejected; thrown over; cast away; loser; jl^-liJi ^ ; He was of
the losers, rejected, worsted, castaway (37: 142).

[aor. j^-Jb inf. noun t^-i] j£ jSli : God has spread, spread out,

expanded or extended the earth; made wide or ample. L_£J'i jJ6
IaI^-S : And the earth along with it He has spread forth (79:3 1). Ul^-i
also means, he compressed her, or lay with her. : The belly

was or became large, distended, inflated.

J^S [aor. j>-& and j^i aor. y^k] j*-* and : He was or became
abject, mean despised, contemptible, humbled, or despicable.
(Ojj^and \ s plural) : Abject, mean, contemptible or despicable,
ji^-li f& dj^^ : And they will enter Hell, despised(40:61).

[aor. J>^j inf. noun Jj^iand J>1«] J>i : He or it entered, went, got
in as also J>Sl . jllJl j> jl jllJl cJUi : I entered the house. ^ °y>

L?l : He who enters it is safe (3:98). (JLlJl ^ : Enter ye into
submission wholly (2:209). a^Ip J^-i : He visited him, called upon him;
invaded or attacked him. UjlJaSi j* °^s- d-Ui °Jj : If entry were
effected against them (33: 15). I ji^-i j : And they entered in

unto him ; visited or called upon him or presented themselves before
him and he knew them (12:59). ijii Jl* i| : When they thrust in
upon David; came upon David suddenly (38:23). &y^, : He went
into his wife, jiiUi j& : Unto whom you have gone in (4:24). J>i
5$*? : He entered among them so as to become a member of their party .

jUJl ^4 A3 I jk-il : Enter ye the Fire among the

264

nations that passed away before you (7:39). <J J>i :Heentered
into or embraced Islam, J> J>i : He commenced or began the
affair. jliJl d Jjj JUp cJUi : I entered the house after Zaid, he being in it.
iJUJl ijJbs-il : Enter ye in upon them by the gate (5:24). j>S or
J>i ( J>i inf. noun of j>2 and j>i of J>i). ^u-I^r jt *ilp j>S or
j>S : He had an unsoundness in his intellect or body. S^it J^i :His
affair was or became intrinsically bad or corrupt or unsound. ^\*iei\ J>i
: The corn or food became eaten by the worms. J>i is also inf. noun of
J^-iasitisof J^i . J>i: (1). A thing thatenters into another thing and
is not of it. This is the primary signification of the word; (2) also it means
badness, corruptness orunsoundnessinintellectorbody. J>i &&°J>, :
In his intellect is unsoundness; J>i a3 y>^ li» i.e. in this affair there is
unsoundness; (3) rottenness in a palm-tree; (4) leanness or emaciation;
(5) perfidiousness or treachery or faithlessness; (6) deceit, guile or
circumvention. 'Ms ^UJi ijiAsJ tfj : And make notyour oaths to
be a means of deceit between you, guile or circumvention (16:95); (7)
people or persons who assert their relationship to those of whom they
arenot. (inf. noun Jt^ojand J^) : He made or caused him orit
to enter; he inserted or introduced him or it. Jju> J> ju ^JUil 4* j : O
my Lord cause me to enter in a good manner (or good entry). (17:81).

j> ^lA^i\j : And We made them enter into Our Mercy (2 1 :76),
or admitted themintoOurmercy. J>lS (act. part, from J>S) :Entering;
one who enters ( and j&tt are plurals); jjk-la L»U : Then we
shall enterit(5:23);theinteriorof anything. J-^j? : From within. J>jU
is equal to J>i«as jioiisequalto J>i and means, an entrance i.e. a
placeofentranceoringress;anyinlet. S^li jt : Or a place to enter (or
ahole).(9:57).

[aor. and inf. noun j^i and jj^i] j^Ji c-^-i : The fire sent
up smoke. j&Ji jl jr* ; The smoke or dust rose or spread, jsj-i
^UWi : The food was or became infected with smoke, while being
cooked. AiU : His nature or disposition was or became bad or
corrupt. &i : (1). Smoke. ^ fjt:Whmtheskywi\i
bringforthavisiblesmoke(44:ll);(2).evilormischief.2ijj) *JA jtf
265

£2 jjf

: There was betweenusanaffairthathadevilormischief, arising
in consequence of it; (3). it also means dearth or drought, sterility or
unfruitfulness and hunger; (4). Itis also appliednow-a-days to tobacco.

[aor. jij and jJ* inf. noun ji and jjji] ji : The milk was or
became copious, abundant; the milk flowed abundantly.
means, the thing continued. obJi ji : The herbage became tangled or
luxuriant by reason of its abundance. : Th e udder

abounded with milk. jkJb c/fi ; The sky poured forth rain

copiously. Jj-Jloji : The market became brisk. «ji^J : To God he
attributed his deed, /s : A pearl or a large pearl. <jjs : Shining,
glistening, gleaming, (jj'i : A shining, gleaming, glistening or bright
star (24:36). jijl* *U~j : A sky pouring down abundance of rain. "aj\^> :
A cloud pouring down much rain. I jl jXZ °^&s- tlilil J-^ : He (God)
will send over you clouds pouring down abundantrain (11:53).

Iji [aor. \ ]X» inf. noun tji] Stji :Hepusheditviolently;thrustit;repelledit;
or averted it. i# Iji : He averted from him, or deferred his
prescribed punishment. LjIp ijjJu : It shall avert the punishment

from her (24: 9) . The Holy Prophet is reported to have said; i jlAJ 1 1 j ji)
ol^liJb : Avertordefertheprescribedpunishmentby doubts. Ijjjli? :
They repelled or strove to repel one another in contention or altercation;
they disagreed, ^jiris originally ^1 ji-u, the o being incorporated into
the i and the j (J-*> jJi 3>a) being added to commence the word and
thus l£S °(J\ means you disagreed among yourselves about it or you
contended together respecting it or you repelled or strove to repel one
another by each of your casting the act of slaughtering upon others
(2:73).

£ji [ aor - inf. non £j ji] : He walked or he walked leisurely,
slowly or with a weak gait. ^JjJu^J^j} :Generationaftergeneration
passedaway. £jS : He died and left no progeny, £ji (aor. :He
rose in grade, degree, rank, condition or station, if ji : He made him to
walk, or to walk gently, slowly and leisurely; he caused him to draw
near by degrees ; he exalted or elevated him from one grade to another

266

by degrees . if is syn. with if ji in the last two meanings . if jiait
: He caused him to ascend and to descend by degrees; he drew him
near to destruction gradually or step by step. jAait : He took them
little by little, (one or a few at a time) and not (all of them) suddenly.
^jJalli : We will draw them near to destruction step by step
(7: 1 83). if jilit : He deceived him or beguiled him so as to induce him
to proceed in an affair from which he had refrained. j's (plural ji )
: A single stair, or step of a ladder; a ladder constructed of wood or of
clay etc. against a wall or the like by which one ascends to the roof of a
house; a degree in progress; a degree grade of rank or dignity; an
exalted or high grade etc; a degree i. e. four minutes of time; a thirtieth
part of a sign of Zodiac. aIIi Isp kf jS ^» : They have the highest rank
in the sight of Allah (9:20). jUii obf 3U1 ^ : For them are the highest
ranks (20:76).

J*> ji [aor. J- j^j inf. noun J» j j a] J-ji : The mark became effaced or
obliterated, oj^ 1 : The garment became old and worn out. J-ji
4»ts£il : The book became old. Sl^Jl c-ija : The woman menstruated
J*jj : He compressed the girl, j*}* (aor. J-jA* inf. noun
y/s and SJl ji) : He read the book; he read it repeatedly in order to
remember it; or he read and learned it. oO^ 1 t/J 1 "^ : He read the Holy
Qur'an and returned to it time after time that he might not forget it. J- ji
: He studied under him as his teacher. cJ-ji 'jJj^Jj : That they
may say "Thou hast learned well" (6:106). rf*~>\j> jjj :
And we were indeed unaware of their reading (6: 157).

<— £ji [aor. LlTjljinf.noun klTijii] t^lii : The thing attained its

proper or final time or state, ^lli : The fruit attained its maturity
i. e. it became ripe, l^e^ : The boy attained his maturity or

puberty. SsTjit ^ cJL^ : I walked until I overtook him. SlLLJl 3jit
:Heknewtheproblem;heperceivedit; attained perfectknowledgeof it;
he comprehended it. <s : I perceived it by my sight. kSjJJ 1)

jLisjSfi : The eyes perceive Him not; or as some others say the mental
perception or vision comprehendeth Him not or attaineth not the

267

knowledge of the real nature of His hallowed essence or the eyes
cannot reach Him (6:104). lit When the calamity of

drowning overtook him (10:91). ^kji 3ji : The rain dropped with
close consecutiveness. ^jili (as also **£'fi\ and : The

people attained, reached, overtook or came up with one another or the
last of them attained, reached; overtook or came up with the first of
them. jU^Sfl cSj\jj : The news followed one another closely. Hence

signifies: Itcontinues and was carried on uninterruptedly. Hence
when said of knowledge, or means, it continued

unbroken in its sequence, ajj °J* jJJ $ } tji I : Had not a favour

fromhisLordreachedhim(68:50). 1$ &\J&- : Until when they
have all successively arrived therein, all together; or when the last of
them had reached, overtaken or came up with the first of them (7:39).

Jt ffr*^ ^j'i' J4 : Variously means, nay their knowledge with
respect to the Hereafter has reached its maturity or has become perfect;
nay their knowledge respecting the Hereafter has reached its end i. e.
has come to its end; or their knowledge has erred or disappeared; or
but doth their knowledge reach to the Hereafter; or nay their knowledge
reachesnotthe Hereafter (27:67). oji : The act of attaining, reaching
or overtaking. 3b*i U : Thou shalt not fear Pharoah, overtaking
you (20:78) or being overtaken by him; the attainment or acquisition of
an object of want and seeking the attainment thereof and Oji signifies
the same, a consequence, generally meaning an evil consequence as
also ; a doubled rope that is tied to the cross pieces of wood of
the bucket and then to the main Well-rope and CS )i signifies the same.
JS°/> and also Oji : The bottom or lowest depth of a thing (plural
jTijii and ^£ji); a stage of Hell or stage or stages downwards
opposed to £ji and ol^ji which are upwards. l_Tj1Ji ^ ^ulii jl

: Verily the hypocrites shallbeintheloweststageordepthof the
Fire of Hell (4:146). (plural oj^j^), (pass, part.) : Perceived

by means of any of the sense; one overtaken, ^jl^l Ui : We are
surely overtaken (26:62). also means a place and a time of

attainingreaching or overtaking.

268

[aor. p»jX) inf. noun UUjil] a^aj £»jal : His sight became dim or
obscure, ^ji : A certain silver coin; a dirhem; ji-al ji (plural): Coins;
money cash or coin in an absolute sense. Si^lAi ^Iji ^^Jj j^j a jj-i j :
And they sold him for a paltry price, a few dirhems (12:21).

<Sj$ [aor. inf. noun Ajji and ijji] j* ^^J* cSji : He knew the

thing. <u cJji (aor. : I knew it; it is also said to signify, I knew it
after doubting or I knew it by a sort of artifice or skill. }a ^UJl <^t U
: I know not who of mankind he is . J~ai c£ j«k U j : And no soul knows
(31:35). J*ij U ^ jjl Uj : Nor do I know what will be done with me
(46:10). aLL^?- U jii ^' j : Andnotknewwhatmyaccountorreckoning
was (69:27). J^Ji csji» : He made the man to know or have
knowledge of such a thing or become acquainted with it. Uj oljal U
t_SQjl> : Thou dost not know; or what should make thee know. Uj
jiSJl a£J U : And what should make thee know what the Night of
Destiny is (97:3). J>%. &J lJQjoJ Uj : And what makes thee know
(and thou dost not know) that he may be seeking to purify himself
(80:4).

[aor. Jr>ij inf. noun Jo] iia : He hid it; he buried it; he thrust it in. (»i
oijlii ^ IHj: Or whether he bury it in the dust (16: 60) and also *~~o
and 'i&i or may have an intensive signification; al^o also means,
he corrupted it. UL^i Jo CA*-& : He is unsuccessful or is ruined who
corrupts it; makes it vile and little by evil works; or who makes it
obscure or stunneth it (9 1 : 1 1 ) .

[aor. 'j^>& inf. noun j-o] «j~o : He or it pushed, thrust, drove,
propelled him or it; »j~o : He thrust; he pierced or stabbed him
vehemently with a spear. j~o (aor. J-^Aj and J->^) : He drove in a nail
with force; he nailed anything; he fastened, orrepaired a ship with anail,
or with cord of fibres of palm-tree. jUo : Cord of the fibres of the
palm-tree with which the planks of a ship are bound together; a nail of a
ship. JiS (plural) ; ^oj ^> jJi oli ^s- sLL^- j : And We carried him
upon that which was made of planks andnails (54: 14).

* „ * , i

^ [aor. inf. noun £o ] &i : He pushed him, thrust him, or drove him
269

Jo iPi

away; he repelled him or he did so harshly, roughly or violently. L_£Jlii
j^s2l £ii ^ JJi : That is he who drives away the orphan and does so
harshly, roughly or violently or he treats the orphan with harshness or
violence. IpS f&r Jlj f jd : The day when they shall be pushed
into the Fire of Hell with a violent thrust (52:14).

l£i [aor. inf. noun ite's and 1*2 : He prayed to God or

supplicated Him desiring to obtain some good. <J : I prayed for
him. aIU <Jj°j£-i : I prayed against him. CJ^) l_&La : There and then
did Zachariah pray to God (3:39). kjt-i : I called him, called out to
him, summoned. a j^Jai\ J\ ^ij^Ji l£i: The & j* called the people
to Prayer. I j Sd J^jS o)*S Jil : I have called my people night and
day (71: 6). ^LJi : I invited people to eat with me. al« : He
called him to his aid. i\J&> I I j : And call to your aid your helpers
(2:24). j>*i\ 'la Jit JTtpS U : What led or drew thee or drove thee to do
this thing. Jj}j jt l&j : I called or named him Zaid. ilil alpi : God
destroyed him. JfjJ j jjii IjpAj : It will call him and also it shall
destroy him who turned his back and retreated (70:18). cJUJt tea :He
wailed and wept for the dead. t\*'s and : A single time or act of
prayer; a call to Islam, fi&y iji-Jo 3jpal : I call thee or invite thee to
acceptlslam. j^Ji a}£i : The declaration that there is no deity but God
(13:15) ; an invitation to food, feast, banquet. ejplJl J\ otpi :Hecalled
him to a feast; a call or cry; particularly a call for aid and succour, lit j
5j£i ^ipi : Then whenHecalled you by acall (30:26). <s ttes
Ijl^i Ul : But my calling them has only made themflee from me all the
more (71:7). jU> J> tit ji^ll tffcS : And the prayer of the
disbelievers is butathing wasted (13: 15). j *Lii III U :Which
hears nothing but a call and a cry (2: 172); is to the near and
is to the distant. USjJpS c-^r 1 ^ : Your prayer is accepted (10:90).
«.lp.Ul £l«J> : Indeed Thou art the Hearer of prayers (3:39). <Jj*s
also means adoration, or religious worship; belief in God. Jjt-i also
means prayer. aII 1^<Ji jl (Uljpi j^t j : And the conclusion of their
prayer is that all praise be to Allah (10:11). Jj** also means, a claim,
f ti (act. part.): Praying, supplicating, inviting or calling; one who prays,

270

to &

supplicates, invites or calls and 51pS are plurals). ^'U' a 44^'
lii : I answer the prayer of the suppliant when he prays to Me
(2:187). 4II1 j& : The Summoner of Allah. ^ 4-** & : And
who does not respond to God's Summoner (46:33). ^t-iit also means
a i.e. Summoner to Prayer, : (il^it plural): One invited to a
repast; one who makes a claim in respect of relationship; one who
claims as his father, a person who is not his father; an adopted son; one
whose origin or lineage or parentage is suspected, ttyl °^ iZe-ii J*r U j
(ii : AndHehas not made your adopted sons yourreal sons (33:5).

[aor. ^ili inf. noun ttii] i.J>} : He was or became warm or hot or he
experienced warmth or heat or he wore what rendered him warm or
hot. ja ijts : He wore warm clothing to protect himself from the
cold. c~3i t.J& : The house was or became warm or hot. t^i :(1).
Warmth or heat; (2). a thing that renders one warm or hot or wool or
the camel's fur. t&s U : There is nothing upon him that should keep
himwarm.^i l££ ^ : For you in them is warmth, etc. (16:6) ; (3).
the young ones and hair and milk of camels and whatever else of a
useful nature is obtained from them; (4). a gift.

[aor. ^sju inf. noun jii] : He repelled, impelled, pushed, repulsed
drovehimwithforceorstrengthasalso (inf. noun £tia and A*h\jJ>)
; ks-^iox AJ.fl\i : He helped him; he defended him. Ji\l\ aJ. cJihs :I
repelled or averted or removed from him what was harmful or
protected him. : He refuted him by an argument. Jj2Jl ciii :

I refuted or rebutted the saying. &J-\ ^ ^s)b : Repell evil (or
refute) with what is best (23:97). \yih\ j *Jji ijlfli : Fight ye in

the cause of Allah or repel the attack of the enemy (3: 168). ti» jiai :
Leave or spare him. *^iJi aJ) c-*ii : I gave to him the thing. {Jab* IM*
^Ijit j^J) : And when you give them their property (4:7). jii also
signifies, he returned. I jsi\ £U\ jt- jii^ aJJi jl : Verily Allah defends
energetically those who believed, or helps those who are believers
(22:39). £ii : The act of pushing, repelling, repulsing etc. (inf. noun
from J-UJl aJJi : And were it not for Allah's repelling men

271

£3i Jfi

(22:41). jili (act. part.): One who repels, averts, defends. ^jii^aJU :
There is none that can avert it (52 : 9) .

Jj3i [aor. j?X> inf. noun jii] *UJi jli : He poured out the water with
vehemence. : The stream became so full that water began to

flow out from its sides. : The beast hastened or went

quickly, jili (act. part.): Pouring forth or the thing that pours forth. *U
jili : Water pouring forth or gushing water, jfili i\j> ja ji^ : He is
created from a gushing fluid (86:7) .

[aor. lJX inf. noun ] Jaji^ii : He demolished the wall so as to
make it even with the ground; he felled or demolished or broke it into
pieces. J^Sf v-Ts : He made even the elevations and depressions of
the ground, oi Jo °j j\ oi : Even or level place; ground broken and
made even, l^i aA*^- : He (God) made it even or level without any
elevations or crumble or broke into pieces or pounded and pulverized it
and made it level or broke it into pieces (7: 144); even or level sand, li)
\£> \£> jeyi\ cS'i : When the earth shall be completely broken into
pieces and made level (89:22). i^i bTli : And then shall be

crushed with one crash (69:15). : One crash; falling down in a
single crash; the word also signifies an elevated place; a flat topped
structure upon which one sits, ^lllb ^laJi ^-Ti : He distressed or jaded
or fatigued the beast by journeying. : Fever weakened or

crushedhim. a5o : He repelled or pushed him. cJU-Ji Js. oi : He

put earth upon the dead.

* i , . ,

[aor. J^j inf. noun iJUi] ^Lli <Ji : He directed him, guided

him to the thing. &\ Ji : He indicated the thing to him (inf.

noun ii jii) . jkJi *Ji : He directed him to the way, or showed him the

way. <u> ^* : Nothing pointed out to them (or directed to them)

that he was dead (34:15). aUJi ?>i Jlp J&ii j» : Shall I lead (or

guide or direct) thee to the tree of eternity (20:121). Jij Ji : He

emboldened, lift ^ L_£JiU : What has emboldened thee to do this.

l#rjj ^ cJi : The woman behaved with boldness towards her

husband and with amorous gesture and feigning opposition. JIJi : A

272

director or right director to that which is sought; a guide, an indicator; a
discoverer; an indication; an evidence; a proof; an argument; a sign set
up for the knowledge of a thing indicated. *>CJS a£p JJ-iJl lliwf ^ :
Then We make the sun a guide thereof (25 :46).

[aor. lJOAJ inf. noun L^Oi] i_£JS : He rubbed and pressed the
cloth or did it well. <C+s- *— £^ : He rubbed his eyes. JJjsJi ci3i (inf.
noun t—fjJi) : The sun declined from the meridian; it became yellow; it
set; J~«-iJl c-^Ji also signifies, the sun became high. OjJi (inf. noun):
Declining and paling and setting. In the language of the Arabs J^jJi is
said to be syn. with Jijjand therefore the sunissaidto be A^Jjiwhen
it is declining at noon and when it is setting. JJ) (J JL&S\ t-TjJiJ 3 jL^Ji pfi
JJJi j—p : Observe Prayer from the declining of the sun at noon to the
darkness of the night (17:79): So that the command expressed by the
words JSji'i and J— s- and JrA\ jtji seems to include the five daily
Prayers; for by the word ojla are expressed the (after noon
Prayer), and jJa* (late after noon Prayers) and by the word J4W
areexpressedthetwoPrayersofsunsetandnightfall(o/^and *tLe)
of which each is called £u* and by the words j$ is meant the
morning Prayer ( 5 but if l_T }JS is taken to mean the setting,
the word OjlS expresses the three Prayers ^and jJa* and o •

[aor. jJAJ inf. noun jfc] jllJl US : He sent down the bucket in the well;
he Pulled up or out the bucket from the well, iaft*- US : He sought the
object of his want. kjJi : I treated him gently, i^lli Js : He made or
brought or drew the thing near to another thing, y, j-lii aIU-j ^S : He
let down his legs from the couch, pjn : So he let them fall by
deceit or he caused them to fall into disobedience by deceiving them or
he emboldened them to act of disobedience with deceit or guile;
originally HQte means he excited their cupidity with deceit; he caused
them to fall into that which he desired without their knowledge and
exposed them to loss (7:23). jllil^'il : He let down the bucket into the
well. &\ aJUj JiS l : He offered his property to him. ^1>j4Ji l# l^Jijj :
And do not give it as a bribe to the judges or do not endeavour to

273

conciliate with it the judges and do not seek to gain access to the judges
thereby (2: 189). jii : (1) A bucket; a certain vessel with which one
draws water from the well. 5 jii JiaU : So he sent down his bucket
(12:20); (2) a certain mark made with a hot iron upon camels; (3)
calamity, misfortune or mischief; Jl* ^ £bf : Such a one brought
calamity. Jte : It was let down or lowered. jiJb^.b : He descended
upon one with evil; ^J^> : He drew near or approached; he was or
became lowly, humble or submissive; or he lowered, humbled or
abased himself. Ui p : He drew nearer to God then he came
down(53:9).
*, i, a

^ [aor. ^ inf. noun ] je> °ji I : He made the ground or earth even,
^>ij : He broke his head. *4*S or ^.S-o or : He (God),

crushed them and destroyed them completely or inflicted a full and
complete punishment upon them or made the earth to quake with them
or was angry with (91: 15). AlU(».Ui: He spoke to him in anger, uSte^i :
he punished him completely or fully. t^iJi Js- cJJ>> : I covered over
the thing ; I buried the thing making the ground even over it.

y& [aor. y>& inf. noun jUi and jy>> and SjUi] : He perished or perished
utterly, 'y>* (inf. noun jjii) : He came in to them without

permission or intruded upon them or intruded upon them in an evil
manner or with an evil intention. jj>'J>i and °p$s- 'J»i (inf. noun :
He (God) destroyed or destroyed them completely. J^ 1 ■

The torrent destroyed the place. j£ ^°y >i P '■ Then We destroyed
the others (26:173). : Then We destroyed them a

complete destruction (25:37). ftjfe y>* : Allah utterly destroyed
them (47: 11). ^UAj: Destruction, complete destruction.

£«i [aor. inf. noun £«S and ^j**] and [aor. £^ inf. noun ^o]
cJtAi or c-*o : The eye shed tears. £^J' £«i : The wound
flowed with blood. *U^I £»i The vessel became full till it overflowed. :
Tears; the water of the eye, whether from joy or grief. : i«iA
single drop thereof i. e. a tear ( £ jii plural). ^Ui J4^" j : And
their eyes overflowing with tears (9:92). kwi i\y>\ : A woman quick to

274

£^ &

weep, abounding with tears, ^jii : An eye quick to shed tears or
a*Uo jLe : An eye that sheds many tears .

[aor. ^AJand inf. noun £o] a*o : He broke his head so that the
wound reached the ^Ui (i.e. brain); he broke the bone of the brain.
J^-iil L*as : The sun caused pain to his brain. : He overcame him
or subdued or abased him or it. Jkdi j^Ji jo : The truth rebutted or
overcameand prevailed over it and abolished the falsehood, ja liU a**!.
J*t j : So that it may overcome or prevail over it and abolish it; or so
that it may do away with it in such a manner as to render it despicable
(21:19).

[aor. inf. noun J*s or US] £>*J> J*s : The wound bled; blood
issuedfromit. (»iand Z\j»> : Blood, ji J^t-j : A man seeking to obtain
the revenge of blood. j*j\a <-» ji j*5\a is an Arab proverb meaning,
such a one is the slayer of such a one. f&ij a2UJi jji^Ip c-^ :
Forbidden to you is carrion and blood (5:4). tliAJl t-£f-4j : And he
wfflshedblood(2:31).

jji It (a man's face) glistered like a dinar, jji : He had many dinars, jty? :
A certain gold coin. jLjJjIwIj^) : If thou trust him with a dinar (3: 76).

[aor. y& inf. noun Ijii and SjUi] : He or it was or became near or
approached. La OjjS or aJ OjjS or all* OjjS or &\ d>jii : I was and
became near to him or it. La Ui (inf. noun 3jUi) : He was related to
him. <-> yjdi J^-iJi cJi : The sun was or became near to setting. US =
iji : He was or became weak, contemptible low, ignoble; bad or foul;
not profitable to anyone.J^ US p : Then he drew nearer to God, then
he came down (53:9). aUSi : He made him or it to be or become near
or he brought him near. 0s- \^>y cJSl: She let down her garment upon
her and covered or veiled herself with it. j^ffer ja ^0s- ^jjS : Should
let down or draw close to them a portion of their outer
wrapping-garments (33:60). cjSi : (said of camel) She was or became
near to bringing forth. ^>>\ : He lived a strait life after easiness and
plenty, jlS (act. part.): Being or becoming near; drawing near or
approaching; he or it that becomes near or approaches or draws near.

275

jli jIsI^Jl turj: And the fruitofboth gardens nearto hand (55:55).
(feminine of jli). UjUk ^ : And its shades shall be close over
them (76:15). Jiit : (1). Nearer and nearest, opposed to
Jial jl jpji : So that he became one chord to two bows or closer still
(53:10); Jfi'^ Jh\ 'J : The Romans have been defeated in

the land nearby in the nearer or nearest part of the land; (2). Jial :
Former, first and foremost. Ua ^al £ljiJ: I met him the first thing; (3).
more and most apt, fit or proper, jiyu J 5 ^ 1 t -^4' s '■ That is nearer or
more apt that they may be distinguished (33 :60); (4) . less in number or
quantity and least therein. iJj L_£J'a ja Jial Uj : Nor of less in
number than that, nor of more (58:8). <5j^ o'.Uh ji (I4*4pj
^Sfl ollill : And most surely We will make them taste of the near or
smaller punishment before the greater punishment (32:22); (5). worse;
worst; more and most low, ignoble, base, vile mean or weak, jjJj^lii
^> }i tS jJ b Jial }* jJ I : Will you take in exchange that which is worse
or inferior for that which is better (2:62). JiaSfl il» : The paltry
goodsofthislowworld(7:170);(bjiisfeminineof cS jii)- J LjSaJU;
He has none of the blessings of the present world, nor of the Next,
Aj^b adi : He has purchased the enjoyments of the present life at the
expense ofbles sings ofthe world to come. Qlit jjJ :Therichman. Qlit
or dlJl 3L>Jl : This life or world or present life. J> ij'yr ^ : For
themshallbedisgraceinthisworld(5:34). &Jdl flU><Ji : The present life
(2:86). $bi o'>' : The reward of the present life (3: 146). $bi ?j^Ji :
Thenearerbank(8:43).dlJi » : The goodofthis world (8:68).
dljiaj^i :Theenjoymentofthepresentlife(9:38). iU-Ui :The
nearest or lowest heaven (37:7). Qiil : The harvest of this world.
(42:21). dlil fljjiii : The adornment of the life of this world
(18:29).

j^i [aor. _^»Jb inf. noun jia] ^jiibjiaor a jii ^>)iii jia : An evil event
befell the people. The Holy Prophet is reported to have said, jl
dJjtii £ j^Ji fljAi J)£> liJji : Were it not that the Quraish would say
"impatience has befallen him, I would do it. a>a : He overcame,
overpowered or mastered him; he prevailed or predominated over him;

276

or surpas sed him. y& : ( 1 ) . Time, from the beginning of the world to its
end; as also ^ : This is the primary signification of this world; (2).
time; a time, or a space or period of time, whether long or short. Jfl J*
jkl}\ ji J^V 1 cs^* : The re has certainly come upon man a period
of time (76:2); (3). along, unlimited time; or an extended indivisible time
or time without end; it differs from &j (time) in having no end. £>) U
jiaJi : I will not come to him ever; (4). an age ( y*h\ and plural),
^ai i0s- ^pj> : A long time or an age passed over him. y*lJl (»U> : He
fasted ever or always; (5). was applied by the Arabs to Fortune
or Fate. The Holy Prophet is reported to have said, *JJl jli I jili U
j-»jJi ja : Do not revile time or fortune, for God himself is 'J>li\ ; (6).
"ja's also signifies an evil event or accident; a misfortune; a calamity. U
^aUi Ul t&l^ : And nothing but Time (or fate or calamity etc.) destroys
us (45 : 25) ; (7). a purpose; an intention; a desire; the end that one has in
view; ll^ <s : My intention is notthis or desire or intention; (8). a
custom or habit that lasts throughout life. ^ <SjAS U : My habit is not
so.

Jj*i [aor. JaI; inf. noun jaS ] : j*it jt JjI&'i jAi : He filled the cup. *UJi jaS
: He poured the water violently. i^iJijAi : He broke the thing and cut
it. iaAi :Hebeathim. ^laa JjIT : A cup full to the brim; a cup so full as
to overflow; jIaj *U : Abundant water. also means, pure.
lilaa : Full orpurecuporcups (78:35).

ji^ai or ji-ai [aor. (i*^ inf. noun ^i] : UiS or UaS : The event came
upon him suddenly, took him unawares. j&jJl jbJi : The fire

blackened the cookin-pot. : He (the horse) became black. ^Lai)
£jjJl : The seed- produce became of a dark green colour by reason of
abundance of moisture or irrigation. ~*j>\aXa ZSjA*- ji *UiS iS*^ : A
walled garden green inclining to black. ^IajS jLuf : Two Gardens
dark green with foliage or black by reason of intense greenness arising
from abundant moisture; and everything green ( the Arabs call

black, 'ip: Black (55:65).

[aor. and j*X> inf. noun J-tyl jaS : He oiled the hair,

277

J>°fi\\ It (the rain) moistened the surface of the earth a little. ^ j*s :
He behaved towards one hypocritically or deceived him. iiUll cuai :
The she-camel had little milk, jaS : He was or became weak. bSte^&ii
(inf. noun Iua(U) : He endeavoured to conciliate or make peace with
such a one; or treated him with gentleness or softness or he acted
towards him with dishonesty or dissimulation; he pretended the contrary
of what he conceded in his mind with regard to him; he strove to
deceive him. j*^ 3 °£ O^J • They wish that thou should be soft,

pliant or gentle so that they may also be pliant or you should disbelieve
and they would also disbelieve or you act against what is in your mind
and they also act like that (68 : 1 0). j\ aIaLU also signifies holding a
thing in contempt or light estimation. jaXS : (act. part.) and is
plural. fZ\ ^Jj^Ji lifcit : Do you hold this discourse in contempt
ordoyourejectordisbelievethisdiscourse (56:82). o 1 *^ : Aredhide.
^UjJlTaijj cji^j : So becomes red like redhide (55:38); it also means
of rose colour; or red colour inclining to yellow-like the red hide or like
the dregs of oil or olive oil; tj&s also means, a slippery place; a smooth
or long or smooth road, j IajJ I also signifies that with which one anoints .
j»s : Oil; grease of any kind; weakrain; or rain such as only moistens
the surface of the earth; a vertigo that affects the camel. ja^U cJj : It
produces oil (23:21). : A portion of oil.

[aor. and ^ inf. noun ^aS and tlai] : j& ji : He
possessed cunning and excellence of judgement; ajjas j\ a^i : I
deceived him, outwitted him. a Lai : He attributed to him cunning or he
smote him with a distressing or grievous thing or event or accident. aUi
^Sh : The event befell him. asai : A calamity befell him. L_TUiLo :
What has befallen thee. Za\* :A calamity, a misfortune; a formidable,
grievous or distressing event or accident. Jbh\ : More and most
grievous, calamitous or distressing. Jai I ieuDlj : The Hour will be most
calamitous, grievous, distressing etc. (54:47). J*°s\ also signifies more or
most intelligent or cunning. alalS J*r j means, very intelligent man. ^ ji
^alJl Calamities of fortune or Time.

278

jli [aor. jjij inf. noun jji and jl-kil] j\> or alU j\s or jii: He
wentround, circled or revolved round the house, j'i : He or it returned
to the place from which he or it began to move. jii : It (a thing, for
instance, a wine-cup) went round them, j'i (said of an event) :Itcame
about. The word also means, he reasoned in a circle. ojii :The
days came round in their turns. <b jii : It went round with him, as the
ground seems to do with a person sick by reason of giddiness in the
head. \ j-lJ ^s. jjij Ifte : Such a one has four wives. Sy~ jj'^ ^
L_£J'i : I have within my compass or power that thing or affair, jjii
(44*': Their eyes rolling (33:20). fyjyjV '■ Ready

merchandise which you give or take from hand to hand (2:283). jli
(syn. and js*) : A house; a mansion, especially a large or big
house; a place of abode which comprises a building or space in which
there is no building; an abode; a dwelling, j^-r^ 1 J 1 ^ (*^b L " J : I shall
show you the abode of the transgressors (7:146). J>
Cr^r : So they lay prostrate in their homes (7:92). fljilij <Jl> LilAi
: So We caused the earth to swallow him up and his dwelling
(28:82). a>S!i jiUi : The abode of the Hereafter (2:95). f^'p :The
home for permanent stay or permanent abode (40:40). fUji '/i;
Immortal or everlasting home (41:29). jtjjil jli : The abode of ruin
(14:29). pCi\ jli : The abode of peace (6:128). fctfiJl jii : The
Abode or Mansion of Eternity (35:36). )i : The mint; frLifl jli :

The perishable abode; tbbl jli : The Everlasting Abode; o)AJi jii :
The abode or country of the enemy or enemy country, jli also means, a
country or district; a city, town or village. The plural is jta and jji.
(i^jUj 'j^j^ : They went forth from their homes. jIjaJi J*>U ijliUfJ :
Theyravagedyourcitiesoryourcountryoryourhomes(17:6). jiialso
signifies, a tribe, ^ jii Lu o^o ; The tribe of the sons of such a one
passed by us. It also means a year (J)^) and a long time ( jllil :
The city ofthe Holy Prophet i. e. Madina. jilJi 'jj^^jJ'j :Thosewho
entered the city i. e. Madina (59: 10); also means the Hereafter.
jllil : Reminding ofthe abode ofthe Hereafter, jllJl^^p :Finalreward
ofthe Hereafter (13:43). j& or is/i : One who lives in aplace. jl&b U

279

jfo : There is not in the house anyone. ljt*S l^J^ 1 J 1 ^ ^ :

Thou leave not any one of the disbelievers in the land (7 1 :27). tj)s :
The circuit or circumference of a thing; a ring; a circle; a feather (in a
horse); depression beneath the nose; a turn of fortune, specially an evil
turn; a misfortune; a calamity, defeat; rout; slaughter; death, ji ^iAj

fljiii Lul^j : We fear lest a misfortune befalls us (5:53). (plural).

: Calamities befell them. jUjJf <u ojii : The
misfortunes or evil turns of fortune befell him. fly'ii ji fljjii :
Calamity which befalls and destroys. tj)s °p$s- :
They wait for calamities to befall you. On them shall fall an evil calamity
(9:98).

Jii [aor. Jjij inf. noun aJ ji and Jji] : cJii : The days came round
in their turns. J ji (inf. noun) also signifies the changing of time, or
fortune from one state or condition to another and so JJjS. AJjlJiAJdJii
: Good fortune came to him. aJjIJi aIp diii : Good fortune departed
from him. Jli (aor. Jjij inf. noun Jji and AJii) : He became widely
known, whether in a good or bad sense, oj^ 1 : The garment
became worn out. Jj'i (inf. noun AJjiai). ^Ldi ^ f^ 1 ^ Jj 1 ^ : God
made days to come round among men by turns i.e. sometime some
people were in good circumstances and sometimes other. i^J' cJ jii
a}]ji^ : I dispensed the thing among them by turns and they
received it by turns. ^Uli ^j 1 ^ f#5h : We make those days
come to men by turns (3:141). aJ}S as also aJ}5 : A turn of good
fortune; a happy state or condition; a turn to share in wealth and to
prevail in war; a turn of taking a thing, or aJ ji is in wealth and aJ ji is in
war; according to some aJ ji signifies a thing that is taken by turns and
aJ }i is the act of taking by turns and a transition from one state to
another. °^>, *Jji jU* : The "fai" became a thing taken by turns
amongthem. <£> aJjS ^ (X : That it may not become a

thing taken by turns among the rich of you or that it may not be taken by
turns by the rich among you or it may not circulate only among the rich
of you (59:8). aJjS relates to the present world and aJjS to the next
world and it is said that the former of those two worlds signifies

280

prevalence, predominance or victory and the latter the transition of
wealth from one people to another.

[aor. f jX> inf. noun f/s and ji] : (1). It (a thing), continued, lasted,
remained long; (2). or for ever. f IS : May his dominion continue
long. ^SnJ^li or aIU ^jii : He kept constantly to the affair. ^iU :
Means continuance; because U is a conjunct noun to ^ IS and it is not
used otherwise than adverbially, like as infinitive nouns are used
adverbially, itsii &j ^ISU ^ : Stay as long as Zaid is staying. cJlS U
J? jSflj o'jVUi : So long as the heavens and the earth last (1 1 : 109). til
Uiti aIp dJi U : Unless thou keep standing over him (3:76). f IS also
means, he was or became tired or fatigued or it (a thing) circled or
revolved. jJaii c~«iS : The bucket became full. *Jti (act. part.) and
plural jji'lS : Perpetual, permanent, everlasting. (Jjliit is one of the
attributes of God i. e. He who lasts for ever. p)i is also said of a thing
which is in motion and going round, thus the word has two contrary
meanings.^ l^:Itsfmitiseverlasting(13:36). jjiilS (•■* :
Who are constant in their Prayers (70: 24) .

ii I i [aor. j jij inf. noun j jS] : He or it was or became low, base, vile etc.
or weak, o : Low, base, vile, paltry, contemptible or inferior, base,
lower; of a middling sort, between good and bad; deficient; also means
eminent in rank or condition; noble or honourable. Thus it has two
contrary significations. J&jS llj : Zaid is below thee in rank or above
thee. 5ji J4j : A base man. J&S : This is the inferior of that.

OjS also means, otherwise. l_£JS 5jS j j^ljjl 1^ : Amongthem
are those that are righteous and among them are also those that are
otherwise or are below inrank or estimation or righteousness (7: 1 69). It
alsosignifies,beforeinrespectofplaceorinfrontorbehind. kjS" J~Lf :
He set in front of him or behind him. Italso signifiesbeforeinrespectof
time and after inrespect of time. Thus briefly <5jS signifies (l).belowin
respect of rank etc. and above in respect of rank or situation (2) . before
in respect of place (in front) and behind in respect of place; (3). before
in respect of time and after in respect of time Nearer than another

281

thing. L_SO'i jji : This is nearer than that or inferior to that; it also
means in defence of. ilfi J ^ 6 J# (>• : He who is killed in

defence of his property and honour is a martyr. i.e ^> : Other
than, beside or besides; against. L_£J'i 5 ji'jU* o}^* : And who should
do work other than or beside that (21:83); less than or other than.
^ dj* & ^ '^H* 'i^'j : And ca ll u P on y° ur helpers beside Allah
(2:24). L_£Ji jji U ^i*> j : But He will forgive whatever is less than or
short of that (4:49). It also means, at, near, nearby, with or present
with; syn. with hs- .

[aor. j£jJi inf. noun J^Ji jli : The man borrowed, took or

receivedaloanorsoughtaloanandbecameindebted. kli :Hegaveor
granted a loan to him for a certain period so that he owed a debt; or he
sold a thing on credit or gave or granted him credit; he requited,
compensated or recompensed him. o 1 ^ o& ^ '■ Like as thou
repayest, thou shalt be repaid; or like as thou doest, it shalt be done to
thee. £j4^ ^ fa : O God, requite them with the like of which
they do to us (a tradition). \y>)k : They sold and bought with one
another on credit. J>M ps$te lil : When you deal one with another upon
credit; when you borrow one from another (2:283). j{s : A debit; a
debt such as has an appointed time of falling due; ji„> : He owes a
debt. jJi aJ : To him is due a debt. J>M : He bought on credit. I^l
\4p He borrowed; he incurred a debt. J>s jt t# ^? : He may have
bequeathed or of debts (4:12). jjS also means death. <uJl> aUj :
May God smite him with hi s death.

J 1 i [aor. ^Iaj inf. noun jjb] : He obeyed: This is the primary signification or
as some say, the primary signification is: He was or became abased and
submissive or became obedient and abased. jti : He followed
such a thing as his religion. jli : He became a Muslim; he

followed Islam. j*Ji 6j4^i J j : And they do not follow the true
religion (9:29). jli also means, he disobeyed; he became mighty and
strong; or high and elevated in rank. Thus the word possesses contrary
significations. *i\s : He made him to do which he disliked; he abased or

282

enslaved him; he ruled, governed, managed him or it; he possessed it or
had authority over it. jli also means, he became accustomed or
habituated to good or evil. Siti : He did good to him. ^jilii jti :
He who reckons with himself gains. jio (1). Obedience and
submissiveness; C«?ij ji-lJi : To Him is due obedience for ever
(16:53); (2).religion; ^JJ' ^ U : There should be no compulsion in
religion (2:257). ^' *^ h\ '■ Surely the true religion with
Allah is Islam (3:20). The word is applied to Religion, in the widest
sense of this term, practical and doctrinal, thus comprehending o 1 *^
which means religious belief. It is syn. with J* jJLli ; (3). a particular
law, statute; or an ordinance ordomimonorgovernment;flW jlTl*
$ J> : He could not have taken his brother under the law (or in
the dominion), of the King (12:77); (4). reckoning or judgement; l_£JU
£$Ji The Master of the Day of Jjudgement(l:4). aiij U# ^.Ub" ^
: Let not pity for the twain take hold of you in executing the
Judgement of Allah (24:3), £il jJ ^JJ' h\ J : Surely, the Judgement or
reckoning will come to pass (51:7), ^aJi L_£J'i : This is the right
creed or true reckoning (9:36); (5). a system of usages or rites and
ceremonies inherited from ancestors . It is said of the Holy Prophet in a
tradition, <u)3 J$ £lT : He used to conform with usages inherited
from fore-fathers; (6). custom or habit and business, °Jg L_£J'i JljU :
This has always been my custom; (7). a way of acting or conduct; (8).
state, condition or case; (9). a property ( ; (10). disobedience;

(11). recompense or compensation or requital, jjJJi : (Day of

requital). (1:4); (12). compulsion against the will, subjugation,
ascendancy or ruling power, mastery; (13). Retaliation; (14). aconstant
or gentle rain. ji-Ai (plural 634^)- (1) : Repaid, requited, compensated
or reckoned with, 6}4-uJ u ! * : Shall we indeed be requited (37:54);
(2). Possessed; owned, held under authority; slaves; oj^i^J b "l * :
Shall we indeed be paid in possession, 'JmX* 'Js> ^ jl : If you are not
to be called to account or if you are not in bondage to Us (56:87). jili
and jjjAi : Adebtor. jjti also means one who gives or grants credit.

283

9

Dhal

Numerical Value = 700

285

It is a noun of indication properly meaning "This" (but sometimes when
repeated better rendered "that"), relating to an object of masculine
gender such as is near. It is a noun of which the signification is vague
and unknown until it is explained by what follows it. J^r^Jui : This man.

\i : This is thy brother. <s'i (feminine). <j'i : This is thy

sister. t-Tiy-i o !i ( is dual of li). Those are thy two brothers. s-U ji
(plural), l-^jj^) *U ji : These are thy brothers. <s J\ ^ *U ji : They
are following inmy footsteps (20: 85). The letter U which is used to give
notice to a person addressed of some thing about to be said to him is
prefixedto li. Thus you say Jj^Ji i-l^U : What is the matter with this
Messenger (25: 8). e& (feminine). e^ulli a & ij^iJl) : And approach not
this tree (7:20). (dual), o'^r 1 ^' h\ '■ Verily these two are
sorcerers (20:64).' W> (plural). *tJp»' Jl» U j *JjJ» J) U : Belonging
neither to these nor to those (4: 144). One also says , affixing to li
the i_Tof allocation (meaning that) relating to an object that is distant or
according to general opinion to that which occupies a middle place
between the near and the distant. L_&ii : Dual of t_fii . i ~&

CyM-^ : Those two men came to me i-Cj j* j>\Ay, L_&'dJ : So these
shall be two arguments from thy Lord (28:33). lJ^I ji (plural). L_£il ji
t^la Jip : These are on guidance (2:6). You also add J to ^i as a
corroborative, so that you say L_£J'i (meaning that), relating to an
object that is distant by common consent. ij'J'ti J&'i °J> h\ ■ In that
verily is a reminder (39:22). 'fi'^ iili : That is your Lord (10:4).
a3 44j ^ : This Book, there is no doubt in it. L_£J'i is

primarily used in the sense of v thaf but here it is used in the sense of
'this' to denote that the Book is remote from others in respect of
highness and greatness of rank, liissyn.with Jsifi when it falls after U
and °ja which are used as interrogative. ci*i liU : What it is that thou
didst. jilJi^ii^ : Who it is that is in the house. j^aililiU :Whatisit
thatthey should expend (2:216). lii'and : Like this or thus, li&i
: Is thy throne like this (27:43). ; So, in like manner, li^

is sometimes used to express contempt, ^j^j aJJi d^u (ijJi : Is this
he whom Allah has sent as a Messenger (25:42). L_Syj dJ&- lJOJaT

287

: In like manner was the word of God proved true ( 1 0 : 34) .

S-'O [aor. o'^ inf. noun bli] *^Ji oli : He collected the thing. kiJi <Jli :
He drove the beast. '4's : He frightened him drove him away; blamed
him. {hJ>\ iajti : The wind blew upon him from every direction like a
wolf who attacks from every direction. He acted like a wolf; he
was quick in pace. CSi : He was frightened. CSi : He became wicked
and crafty like a wolf. <Ui CJi ja : He is a wolf among a flock of
sheep. 4*4^ J 1 : Dearth or drought devoured them. 4*^

Liijd is a proverb applied to him who is charged with the murder of
another. <-jIil tli : Hunger. 4*4^ : And the wolf devoured him.
(12:18)

[aor. ^ij inf. noun ^li] *j>\'s : He blamed him or it, or found fault with
him and it; he despised him and drove him away; he abased or
disgraced him; he requited him. llf JIp iilil : He compelled him to do
suchathingagainsthiswill. f jj-fo : Blamed; despised; disgraced; driven
away or vanished (pass. part.). Uj *!« igl* : Get out hence
despised andbanished (7: 19)

[aor. 4^ inf. noun oi] ^ 4^ : He repelled from Mm; he defended
him. 4^ : He drove away the fly or flies. <L>s also means he

went hither and thither not remaining in one place. 4 1 to (singular and
plural and ^bi is singular): Fly or flies, ifoi ijiitfJ ^ : They cannot
create even a fly (22:74). oblii ^ : He is more frail than a fly.

oto also means, continuous evil or harm, 4*to <^U^ : An evil has
befallenme; ill-luck; plague or pestilence; madness; pupil or apple of the
eye.

*Sa\ 4»^i : He defended his family. 4 ) ^i : He harmed or hurt or
molested the people, : He left or made him to be confounded and
perplexed; he made him wavering or vacillating. 4 ) -^ : He

wavered or vacillated between two affairs. ^'y>\ 4 ) >^^> :Theirstateof
affairs became unsteady, (inf. noun 4^^). 4^-^ : Wavering,
vacillating; one who does so; (plural by)& and j*>.
L_S0'i : Wavering between this and that (4 : 1 44) .

288

[aor. ^jij inf. noun £5i] : He cut lengthwise, split; slit it; he rent
or ripped or rent or ripped open; he slaughtered or sacrificed it (namely
a sheep or goat or cow etc.) in the manner prescribed by the law by
cutting the two external jugular veins or by cutting the throat, i.q.
Butcorrectly ^Ij I is in the throat and ^AJt is in the pit above the breast,
between the collar-bones, where camels are stabbed, ^AJl being used
in relation to camels and ^jAJi inrelation to other animals, :He
slaughtered or sacrificed for him by way of expiation. £-0 also means,
he slaughtered or slew in any manner. U^II : Then they slaughtered
her (2:72). £?i signifies the same as £4i except that it applies only to
many objects, whereas applies to few and to many. Moreover ^b
signifies, he did the act of slaughtering thoroughly, fully and also
mercilessly i.e. ^jaJi J> £>M : He slaughtered their sons and

slaughtered them mercilessly (28:5). fA's : An animal intended to be
slaughtered; an animal that is slaughtered or sacrificed, pks- ^jAj aUJaij
: And We ransomed him with a great sacrifice. Qb : That which is
slaughtered; orthatwhichisfitfor sacrifice. iALi (feminine): Animal to
be sacrificed soon.

j?- '} [aor. y>-ji inf. noun jf-'s and y'-b] ty'-b and a yf-l\ : He hoarded it or
laid it up for the future; he stored it up; or prepared or provided it for a
time of need; he selected it. e^j-iJ U ^ : Such a one does not
treasure in his heart good advice. I'J-^b : A thing stored up for the time
of need, fob (plural), fob JUpI : The works of the believers
are his treasures, oj^-^^j : And what you will store up (3: 50).

[aor. jij inf. noun ji] jJLJl • He sprinkled or scattered the salt, ji
J> »b Cfi &\ : God spread His servants upon the earth, jej'i I o ji
c3 : The ground put forth the plant. "4"jb (used as singular and plural,
and oljji is used as plural): Children or offspring of a man, male or
female; little ones oryoung ones; descendants; progenitors or ancestors,
<^JLji L_£ii)i liU#- : We carried their offspring (or their

progenitors) in the laden ship (36:42); women. Jp*> ja "4jb :
Descendants one of another (3:35). 4jb aJj : And he has weak

289

offspring (2: 267). (J-j-f^ij (i-fc^ 1 j : And some of their fathers and
theirchildren(6:88). Jjjlit ^ : He put me among the little ones.

* ji [aor. t jAj inf. noun * ji] jIaJi aJJi fji : God created the creation. liJj
pl«*J uiji : Indeed We have created for the Hell (7:180). f>: He
multiplied or made numerous, a3 '■ He (God) multiplies you

therein (42:12). Iji also means, he sowed land; t'J^> \j> : His hair
became white.

[aor. ^jii inf. noun £ji] : He measured it with the £iji i.e. cubit.
apI 3 Jj ip ji : He measured it with his forearm. uSte £ ji : He strangled
such a one from behind with his forearm. I ji : Vomit overcame
him and came forth to his mouth. £ji : In its primary acceptation
signifies the stretching forth or extending the arm or foreleg; power or
ability as also £_l ji or a man's reach or extent of power or ability. 3U>
Ipji (and sometimes l*i ji) : He was unable to do or accomplish
the thing; as though meaning, he stretched forth his arm to it and did not
reachit, thus the phrase is proverbially applied to him whose power falls
short ofthe attainment or accomplishments of an affair, l£ji 3U>j :
And felt powerless on their behalf (1 1:78). or he lacked strength or
power or ability to do the thing; found not any way of escape from what
was disagreeable therein; or he was unable to bear or endure or
undertake the thing, £ ji <u ; I have not the power or ability to do it;
^jlli J*-j : Impotent man. ^jlJi Jy- j!Aa : Such a one has his
heart free from animosities. ^j^Ji J*rj : A man liberal in
disposition, ^ji also signifies the measure of anything. £jji :(ofaman)
The part from the elbow to the extenuates of the fingers; fore-arm;
forelegs; the instrument with which one measures the length of the £t ji
(or cubit) made of a piece of wood or whether it be iron or a rod of
wood or iron (now-a-days its length is from 50 to 70 centimeter); the
part of the forelegs of bulls and cows and of sheep and goats which is
above the £j'J~ ( i. e. hoof. £j ji also signifies the forepart of a
spear. aL? jJb Ale-iji Ja~jb : Stretching out his forelegs on the threshold
(18:19). 1*1 ji 6}*^ ^ji : Its length or measure is seventy cubits

290

J*

(69:33).

(ji [aor. jjijinf.nounijji] and £$1 kiji [aor. : The wind raised it,
carried it away, scattered it. ajjii : Dry grass broken into pieces
which the winds scatter (18:46). t^Iil >ji : The thing flew away or
became scattered in the wind. ikl«J \ d>yyi : I winnowed the wheat. I ji
Jjfj^i : He sowed the land, scattering the seed. <i>\j/&\ : The winds
that scatter or disperse; or the prolific women, for they scatter children;
the causes of the scattering of the created beings, angels and others,
'jji olj jiUi j : By the winds that scatter with a true scattering. I j ji (inf.
noun) : Is used for the intensification of the meaning (51:2).

[aor. inf. noun L^i] aJ : He was or became obedient to him;
he acknowledged or confessed to him; he was or became lowly,
humble or submissive to him. ^ : He confessed to my right
willingly, jsj*^ *£\ 0% J^ 1 $ cP>~ 0)j : If they consider the right to be
on their side they come to Mmrunning in submission (24: 50) .

j& i [aor. jaij inf. noun jli] aii : He struck his chin; he struck or beat him
with a stick. aUa* ^s- j& i : He put his chin upon his staff. jSi or js'i :
The chin (plural o^i'). ffj^Jj)^ : They fell down prostrate with their
chins to the ground (on their faces), jtii^l J* j^^ 1 ^ ^4^' c-jLap :
The wind blew violently so that the trees fell down upon the ground. alf
<uSil Jllli : The torrent overturned it. ±-&>y. S%

^liiSli ^ : The time gave a violent cry for the people of

Barmak and on account of that cry they fell prostrate upon the ground.
\x^l> ol3i">U :Theyfall down prostrate upontheirfaces(17:108).

[fii [aor. inf. noun ^'J"i and ^Ti and j^"^] flj^i : He remembered
him or it; he recollected it; he preserved it in his memory; he spoke or
talked of him or it. 'j.r ^ '■ Remember My favour upon you

(2:41). o 1 ^ 1 &k *ls^ s £>°J>i : I remembered or recollected the thing
after I had forgotten it. ttite- il ij^s ilj : And remember when He
made you inheritors of His favours (7:70). This is called cJlJu^i :To
remember with or in the mind. : He mentioned it, told it; related it.
\3&j llT dJj^- 0^ <^>°J"i : I mentioned or told or related to such a one
291

the story of such and such things. ol^Ji J> °J"s\j : And relate the
story of Mary as mentioned in the Book (19: 17). ^I* 4JJ1 I jjf itj :
And mention or pronounce the name of Allah over it (5:5). &s> {j°J"^J
j : And speak about me or mention me to thy lord ( 12: 43). This is
called o 1 -^ ^"i:Rememberingwiththetongueormentioning. *h\ J"i
: He gloried God and extolled His greatness; he asserted His unity; 'J"i
aJJi also means, he prayed to God or offered prayers to Him,
remembered Him. iUl I j'J"i^ *u*\ iMa : And when you are safe, then
remember or glorify God or celebrate His praise or offer your prayers
to Him (2:240). pf.y* j dj'A^- '■ Those who

glorify God or sing His praises standing, sitting and lying on their sides
(3:192). aJJi sjTi : God bestowed His favours upon him or He called
him to His presence to do him favour. »'J"s : He spoke well of him or
praised him or he spoke ill of him and mentioned his faults. [gS°j>i
jj>& :Ifthouspeaksillofme,thouwiltassuredlyrepent.^'iJ(ijJ , ^
p*s$) : Is this the one who makes an evil mention of your gods (21:37).

: He was mindful of his right and did not neglect it. UAs I j'J"*\
f&s- Jjl : Be ye mindful of and neglect not to be thankful to God for
His favour (2:232). \j'J"i\ : Bear in mind; study, reflect; be mindful.
a3U ij^Tiij also means, and study whatisinitandforgetitnot;orthink
ye what is in it or forget it not (2: 264). hWj^i : He demanded such a
oneinmarriage. t'/s : He struck him upon his penis, t&/J"iand ^/J"i
(inf. noun and : (1). He reminded him or caused him to

remember him or it; fOi ^bb (*-*j^J : And remind them of the days of
Allah (14:6). oJb £i fie>\ j*j : And who is more unjust than
one who is reminded of the Signs of his Lord ( 1 8:58); (2). He exhorted;
admonished him or gave him good advice and reminded him of the
result of affairs, j4*j o'yJb : So admonish by means of

the Holy Qur'an him who fears My warning. (50:46). (act. part.):
An admonisher. ^ ^ '■ Admonish, for thou art an

admonisher (88:22). and 'jOz and 'J>1\ are all syn with
meaning, he remembered or became reminded of. ojj^^j^^ :That
they might take heed; be admonished; be mindful; become reminded

292

(7:131) and so is and dj'J> & May reflect; or take heed or

remember (2:222 and 7:4). ~&&/J^i\j : He remembered (or became
reminded) afteratime (12:46). *J"s : (1). Remembrance or presence of
a thing in the mind 0-ilJb aJJi ^"jJj : And remembrance of

Godis indeed the greatestvirtue (29: 46); (2). memory; (3). mentioning,
telling, relating or saying of a thing, (o^IUIj \ :
Till I speak to thee (or tell thee or relate or mention to thee) . concerning
it (18:71); (4). Praise and glorification of God; praying and supplicating
to Him, aUi J" jJ (i4oii £^ j' : That their hearts feel humbled when
God is praised and glorified or remembered (57:17); (5). Praise or
eulogy of another; (6). dispraise or evil speech; (7). a thing that is
current upon the tongue; (8). fame, renown, reputation, whether good
or evil; (9). Eminence; nobility; honour, ^UJl J> "J"s £ I : He has a good
(or bad), reputation among the people. i-lT^si 30 L*$3j : And We
exalted thy name; and We raised thy good name or reputation (94:5),
iJ^jiJj ^TJJ Lilj : And certainly it is a source of honour
(eminence,nobility).fortheeandthypeople(43:45). <j'i o'^'j :
By the Holy Qur'an possessed of great eminence (38:2). (10). An
exhortation; an admonition or a warning (or reminder). *j>s Ul }a
j9*Jl*Ij : It is nothing but an exhortation or reminder for all peoples
(38:88). : Besides all the meanings given under t signifies

abookcontaininganexpositionofreligion, and an institution ofreligious
laws; any book of the Prophets, for instance the Torah, especially the
Holy Qur'an. U jj ^Aj Ul : Verily We Ourselves have sent down
the exhortation (the Holy Qur'an). (15:10). Jii ijkiti : And ask
of those who possess the Reminder (16:44). here meaning, the
Torah or the Holy Qur'an. ^s'/i : Exhortation; admonition; areminding;
remembrance; mention, Ia i °y> cj \ ^ : What hast thou to do with the
mentioning thereof (79:44). p&J"* pfc lij : When their admonition
has actually come upon them (47: 19); Repentance. Ji\ : Of

whatavail shall be his repentance (89: 24); being reminded or caused to
remember, j\Jl\^'J>i :Theirbeingremindedoforcausedto remember
of the Abode (38:47), od^i Jj\ ^J"? '■ A reminder or an exhortation

293

for men of understanding (38:44). S^TaS : Reminder; exhortation; Ul
^^^j ir«4 : But as an exhortation for him who fears God. jAj
AjTIj lAt&ur : We have made it areminder (56: 74). It is infinitive noun
of 'J"s and so is. : 'j£ b^ b\'- If my sojourn here

and my reminding you of your duties offend you (10:72). */& (plural
jdX^ °f which oi jfii is feminine) is act. part.: One who remembers.
£j'J?\li\j jd^TliJl :Thosemenand women who rememberGod(33:36).
yj"jj> : A thing spoken of or mentioned. I j j^ai Uli : A thing spoken of
(76:2). (act. part, from ^"lidJiUji :Thouartbutawarner
oranadmonisher (88:22). : Male; of the male sex. £m\ J-J
:Themaleisnotlikethefemale(3:37). jdj^i (two males). jjjTiJi"*. Ji
jIj^'i ^ : Is it the two males that He has forbidden or the two
females (6:144). ( jjTi and tj'/i are plurals). Ujjs JJ iiJl^ :
Exclusively reserved for our males (6: 140). b* 1 '/^ b j 2 ^ '■ Do you, of
all peoples, approachmales (26: 166).

[aor. }S^ij inf. noun alTi] a^LUi iTi : He slaughtered the animal and
lU^Ul J£\ :Heslaughteredtheanimalinthemannerprescribedbythe
law termed £ji . ^CS"i U lit : Except that which you have slaughtered as
prescribed by the Law (5 :4) . I (inf. noun) . is particularly applied in
the law to signify the destroying of a life in a particular manner, exclusive
of any other manner. Jjt *J\ J?s : He became advanced in age and big
bodied or corpulent; he attained to full growth or age. ^Ti : He
became sharp in mind; quick of understanding, perception or
intelligence. ^Ti ( tUTil plural): Having sharpness or acuteness of mind,
alfi A^Jij : Strong orpungent odour. *t£a: Sharpness of intellect.

Ji [aor. J4i inf. noun tf i and & and ill*] : He was or became low, base,
paltry, contemptible, humble and weak. Jli> (act. part.). iftiJl cJi :
The beast became easy, submissive ormanageable (JjJi act. part.). Ji
jjjJaJi : The road was or became beaten or trodden so as to become
easy to be travelled. J £> jt JIS : Before we were humbled or abased
(20:135). JJi : He made or rendered a man and beast easy, submissive
ormanageable or subdued and brought to subjection, (inf. noun J^).

294

^ JJi : The bunches of the grape-vine were made to hang down so
that they might be easily plucked. I$s)k3 diJi j : Its clustered fruits will
be brought within easy reach (76:15). $ latliJij : And We have
subjected the same to them (36:73). *Jit : He (God), humbled, abased
orrenderedlow or contemptible and weak. £LSJ JJj : Thou abasest
whom Thou pleasest (3:27). Ji or *Ji: Lowness; paltriness;
abasement, disgrace, and weakness; easiness, tractableness;
submissiveness and weakness; also gentleness and mercy. Jfj aJ jSj 11 j
J Ui : Nor has anyone to help Him on account of weakness or
lowness of state or condition (17:112). jlii j* cj^^ '■ Casting down
their eyes on account of disgrace or abasement (42:46). Ji is also syn.
with Ji . JJUl £L£ U4I J^'j : And make soft to them the side of
gentleness i.e. treat them with gentleness or lower to them the wing of
humility i. e. be humble and submissive to them (17:25). According to
ImamRaghib J III is a consequence of subjection and jlJt is what is
after refractoriness. So the meaning of the verse would be: (1). be
gentle unto them like him who is subjected to them and (2). be
submissive, gentle or tractable to them. Ji : Also means the beaten
track. l$JUil Jlp Z> jUf 4JJ1 : The decrees of God take their appointed
course. *Ji : Lowness, baseness, abjectness, abasement, disgrace,
humiliation and weakness. *J JJi dJ j& '■ And they were smitten
with abasement (2:62). ttiil and &il : (singular JJi) : Low, base,
abject, vile, mean, paltry, contemptible and weak; gentle. 2Jil ^ j : And
you were humble and weak and merciful. (3:124). J^j^J' *Jil :
They are gentle and merciful to the believers or kind and humble (5:55).
JJi J» : A smooth or even road. J}Ji : Easy, tractable, submissive
or manageable applied to a beast. J> jSfl ^» J jJi U : It is a cow not
broken in to plough or unyoked (2: 72). JjJi : Applied to land or
ground means easy to be travelled or to ride upon made easy, even or
smooth. SljJi Je]^ J**r : He (God) made the earth inclined (on its
axis) for you (67:16). JJi(plural). SUi Jli ^lili : Andfollow
the ways of thy Lord which have been made easy for thee (16:70). Jit :
More or most mean. JiVl ifw j*Sfl iyr : The most honourable will

295

3^ fi

drive out therefrom the one most mean (63:9). j^Jit (plural): The
lowest. J> jl : They are among the lowest or most disgraced
(58:21).

[aor.(»ij inf. noun (»iand <ui : He blamed him or found fault with
him or censured him. ?i : He was satirized. fii : He did or said that for
which he should be blamed or found fault with. iSit : He granted him
protection or refuge. all* )l aJ ^il : He took a promise or an assurance
or security or safety in favour of or against him. iSi : A compact, a
covenant, a contract, a bond or an obligation; a right or due for the
neglect of which one is to be blamed; an inviolable right; security or
safety of life and property or a promise or an assurance of protection
security or safeguard; suretiship. 2Jo tfj \}\^3\j5°jt U : They would not
preserve any tie of relationship or covenant in respect of you (9: 8). dS\
Jli & °Ji : Thou art in the protection of God. l-AS" °J*s °J>, : I am
responsible for such a thing. fy>°& ; Blamed or found fault with;
censured or reprehended. : A person blamed. i^Ul Jil : The
expression is used for those non-Muslims with whom a Muslim state
has made a compact and who pay poll-tax to the State, in return for
which theStateisresponsiblefortheirsecurity andfreedom. CyjJ> .uixi
yjtei* : Lest thou sit down disgraced and forsaken. (17:23)

eJ^ [aor. eJ*** and inf. noun Cj's] : He followed his tail, not
quitting his track. : He committed a sin, crime, fault, frailty,

shortcoming misdemeanour; natural failing. CJi meaning a tail or in man
the part of body corresponding to the tail. Cj'i : A sin, crime, fault,
frailty, shortcoming misdemeanour; natural failing; an offence or an act
of disobedience whether intentional or committed through inadvertence.
According to Imam Raghib 4^ means, such errors and mistakes as
bring about a harmful result and render one liable to be called to
account. It differs from p\ in being either intentional or committed
through inadvertence; whereas Cj> is peculiarly intentional. Plural is
and Cj'i is also sometimes used as plural. Cii Qs- : They
have a charge or crime against me (26:15). pb>±> : Then will

296

they confess their sins plural). UJjii IJ^apiI : And Thou forgive us
our sins (3: 17). Cjy's : A horse having a long tail; a great bucket; a
bucket full of water or nearly full of water; a lot, share or portion. JI*
^sw>i <-» ji a : Like the share of their fellows (5 1 :60); metaphorically it
is applied to "rain" .

<4~»i [aor. 4**^ inf. noun 4^ and 4**^*] : He went or passed along;
marched; journeyed; proceeded; passed away; departed. Syn. with
or jli or ^. «3)aJ( C^i lili :Butwhenthefearhaspassedaway
(33:20); It (said of a mark or trace) wasted away, became consumed,
destroyed, exhausted, or expended. {&hj 4-*^" : Your strength depart
from you or become exhausted (8:47). ji^lip t_Xlij 4-*^ ^ :

Soletnotthysoulwasteawayinsighingforthem(35:9). aJiC-*^ :He
went, repaired, betook himself, or had recourse to him or it. Jit CJ*i p
Jaiv^ti :Thenhewenttohiskinsfolk,struttingalong(75:34). h£CJ>i
: He or it went from, quitted, relinquished or left him or it. CJ>i lUa
£j^Jt,i4*t^J : And when fear left Abraham (11:75). aiijljt aIIp :
His reason or intellect left or forsook him or his heart. UAJ CJ*i : His
flesh wasted away. Ji : He went into the open country or
out of doors, to satisfy a want of nature. frjiJt Ji* C-ai : The thing
escaped my memory; it became confused or vague to me. :He
went or went away with him or it, and he made him or it to go away or
depart or he took it away, or carried off. ^jjm Ca's : God took
awaytheirlight(2:18). c5 iiiJt UaIj : And these two take away

ordestroyyourbesttraditions(20:64). : He removed, dispelled,
put it away; he made it to cease; he did away or made away with it; he
made an end of it; he wasted, exhausted or destroyed or spent it. is JJl
Up : Who has removed grief from us (35:35). (Us*^ :
You exhaustedyour good things inlife (46:21). olllli jL»ti oLl^Jl jl
: Surely, good works drive away (or put away or make an end of) bad
works (11:115). J* J J jS Jll 4-a^ : Such a one holds the creed
or opinion of Abu Haneefa. * J-^ 1 J? 4«*^ : He tried

every way or procedure or did his utmost in seeking the thing. J\ CJ>i
A^SJl ^ iL>\ : He resembled his father, 4^ (inf. noun), aj oUi Jlp Ul

297

jjjilSJ : We are able to take it away or We determine its taking away
(23: 19). il*^ (act. part.): Going, departing etc. ; or one who goes etc.
°Jt J J\ 4**^ : I am going to my Lord (37: 100). CJ»i : Gold.
L&«Jl j ojj^d : Those who hoardupgoldandsilver(9:34): 4-&i :
He found gold in large quantity in the mine and he became puzzled and
his reason departed in consequence thereof.

and Jai [aor. Ja^j inf. noun Jjai and Jii] ii* J*i : He forgot it or
neglected it or neglected it intentionally and became diverted from it.
Jjai is neglecting a thing, or quitting a thing in confusion and perplexity
such as arises from fear etc. ; or being diverted from one's constant
companion so as to forget him and being content to leave him or
diversion that occasions grief andforget-fulness. 4*-*>j-° Ja^j QYyfji
: The day when you see it, every woman giving suck shall forget her
suckling (22:3).

jp Meaning C^\~g> i.e. a possessor, an owner, a lord or master but often
better rendered as "having" "possessing", "possessed of or endowed
with.TheNomcaseis ji. Jl^iJi <A)*^ ji : The Lord ofthe Throne, the
Lord of honour (85: 16). Accu. case is li. Jj# li ijii Uj> jTii j : And
remember Our servant David, man or possessor of strong hands (38:
17). Gen. case is tjs. J>yA\ ijs JN : Sought out a way to the
Ownerof theThrone(17:43), [singular ji (nom. case), li (accu. case),
iji (gen. case], [ I ji dual masculine (nom. case); <^ji dual . masculine
(accu. and gen. case); jJ jl plural masculine (nom. case), and ^Jji plural
(accu. and gen. case). J^'ji (85: 16). Jis iji *j : As
determined by two just men (5:96). J;ji Ijig-ilj : And call to
witness two just persons (65:3). ja** JJjt ^jV tjJji : As to
bloodrelationstheyareneareronetoanother(8:76). jU»$ij Jjl
: Possessor of strong hands and powerful vision (38:46). oli (feminine
of ji).Itis singular. j£>j /} oli ajJj J\; On an elevated land of green
valleys and springs orrunning water (23:51). W ji is dual feminine in the
nom. case and ^ijiisintheaccus.andgen.case. o 1 -^ ^'j^ : The two
having many varieties of trees (55:49). Jsl ^iji j^af : Two

298

gardens bearing bitter fruit (34: 17). o^jl (plural). o^jl 5^ 0] :
And if they be with (possess) child (65 :7), and ji and oli and \l and
t>i are also used as prefixed noun as meaning "something in
possession" and not "a possessor". Iglaj ti Sl^Jl c-*j?j : The woman
broughtforth what was inher belly.

i'i [aor. ijij inf. noun aUi] aiii : He drove away or repelled him. j^M iti
*UJi : He drove away or repelled, or kept back or debarred the
camels from the water, or prevented them from coming to it. Sli
<u>>* : He defended his honour. $\ js- Sti : He dispelled from me
anxiety and grief, & ^S*' : Two women who were keeping back
theircamels orflocks (28:24).

Jjli [aor. j jij inf. noun (jjji and : He tasted it or he tried or

knewits taste. 5>JL!i lift : when they both tasted ofthe tree (7: 23).
It is originally said of that of which little is taken; when much is taken,
the word JTI is used. By amplification Jjlil is used to signify
perceiving, besides taste, all other objects of the senses and states or
conditions; it is not restricted to the sense of the mouth. <~>\ss> \°f£
Jj^Ji : Taste you i. e. experience, feel etc. , the punishment of burning
(3: 182). l£i jjfjitf : They will not taste death therein (44:57).

\ jljlij : And you will taste evil (16:95). oil : I tried or
tasted thing. J-UJl d fcte Jti : Such a one tasted or experienced i.e.
knew it by its falling, 3^ : He tasted or experienced or felt

the sweetness of faith . J-jiil Jti : He pulled the string of the bow for
the purpose of trial, that he might see what was its strength. 1* U cii
0^ : Iknew or tried or tested what qualities etc. such a one possessed.
i^JLli iSlil : He made him taste the thing, y>\ JUj Ijili : Theytasted or
experiencedtheevilconsequencesoftheiraffair(59:16). iiiti [feminine
of jiti (act. part.) of which plural is jj5J»3]. ojji i&li : Every

soul shall taste of death (3: 186). jiti : One who tastes; or tasting etc. U)
jjiillJ : Surely, we shall taste the punishment (37:32 and 39). 3 j.iJ>
iiitiiij : The faculty or power of taste.

299

[aor. inf. noun £>i] £ii : The news spread, became
published, divulged or diffused. jt j^AJi : He spread or

published the news, j-llb jl ^13 1 £lil : He divulged or disclosed the
secret. *^llb ^lii : He took away the thing, aj Ijplil : They spread it
about(4:84)

300

J

Ra

Numerical Value = 200

301

j*>ij [aor. ^>\°J» and ^»\°y. inf. noun aJUj] ji : He

headed the people, became their chief or head or Lord. J*tj : He
was or became high in rank or condition; he strove for headship
or command^ iii j (aor. ^>\°J» inf. noun : He hit or hurt his
head. ^->lj <jj$ J^-i : Carrying upon my head bread (12:37).

(plural). ftyjfi j»f^ : You will have your principal
or original sums (2:280). J-lj : The head of a man or animal;
the highest part of a mountain; its peak or summit or uppermost
part of a valley, o^.: He kissed his head. C^j : He
went at random. Jlp lilj JlJji ahtf aJj : He had three children
born to him one after, or near after another. ^1 j* J-i^ : I
have one head of sheep or goats. J-lj also means the extremity
of a thing or the end thereof; a head, cape or promontory; the
hilt of a sword. JUJi The capital or principal of property. *j
J*j (plural), o^aLiJ' J" J *J ^ : Though it were the heads of
serpents (37:66). ^>^>j)y, \'j£jJ>\s : And pass your wet hands
over your heads (5:7). aJJi Jib** jJJUi l^'j : The principal part of
religion is the fear of God. J-lj : The beginning of the

month; ^Ij aJL> : Take thou it from the beginning. J*tj also
signifies a numerous and strong company of men. J-lj ,U : They
are numerous and strong company of men. pas- J*lj ^ : They
are an army by themselves, not needing any aid JJjj : A chief
of a people. *U>jj (plural).

[aor. inf. noun aitj] <u and <u : He pitied him or
pitied him most tenderly or in the utmost degree, lilj is syn.
with or it denotes a more special and more tender
affection than HJ-j or the most tender thereof or the utmost
degree thereof. U£j j Ailj s)£ji jJJJl ojis LU^-j : And We
placed compassion and mercy in the hearts of those who
accepted him (57:28). : Compassionate; very merciful. It

has an intensive signification, ^jjj Cr^j^U '■ To the
believers he is compassionate and merciful. £j/J\ is one of the
epithets used for God. aU*Jb iftlj : And Allah is
Compassionate to His servants (2:208). Jitj : Pity, compassion;
utmost degree of mercy. Jiij U# ^.Uttti : Let not pity take hold

303

of you (24:3).
<^ „ o j, _

c^j [ aor - ^ noun ^'j an d : I saw him or it. k*eLj

& : He saw that his shirt was torn (12:29). «lj : He saw him or
it with the eye and also with the mind, iijj is of several kinds;
first, it signifies seeing with the eye as in ii Jlj : He saw
his shirt torn; and with what serves for the same purpose as the
organ of sight. ^&Up ill I IjUil : Work and Allah will see
what you do (9:105), because the sense of sight cannot be
attributed to God. Similar to this is the phrase, & Jlj : He
saw in him such a thing or llf L» Jij : He experienced from
him such a thing. Secondly, "Seeing by supposition or fancy"
as in jlkw llj 5' : I suppose or fancy that Zaid is going away.

aiUJ ^4 o i jJ lit : We suppose or fancy or think that you have
foolishness in thee (7:67). Thirdly, seeing by reflection or
consideration as in dYy^^j^} '■ I see by reflection or
consideration what you see not (8:49). Fourthly, seeing with
the mind or seeing mentally or opining or judging a thing, a
sense in which the inf. noun (S\j is more commonly used as in
the words Jljtf alj&l o^ 1 * : The heart did not belie what he saw
mentally. (53:12) b'jj <^tw j> Jf, : He saw i.e. he fancied that he
saw in his sleep or dream. Then Jlj means, he knew or he
thought, it has two objective complements or when it has two
objective complements, it necessarily means knowing (or the
like). »lj may be rendered as he saw or knew him or it to be; he
thought or judged or held or regarded him or it to be. llj cJlj
UJlp : I knew, thought or regarded Zaid to be learned. jAdl <j'j3
cSjl^-i : Thou shalt think or regard people to be drunken (22:3)

jI*Jl <j\] ^.Lt; (i4ijjj : They were thinking them to be twice as
many as they according to the evidence of the sight of the eye
(3:14). #j ^ (£\j : He formed or held an opinion respecting
the affair, tyj dS\j : I struck or fixed a banner into the ground.

ijJl cJlj : I kindled the l ! j . \K J\ is'j : Hast thou not
considered such a thing so as to be admonished thereby, as a
phrase used on an occasion of wonder at a thing and for
rousing the attention of the person to whom it is addressed,
304

j* \ °yrj>- Ji^ ij\ '■ Hast thou not considered the case of

those (2:244). When cJfj is made transitive by means of

JJl it denotes consideration that leads to becoming admonished.
In like manner also and uioljl and which may be

literally rendered "hast thou and have you, etc. , considered" are
expressions used to arouse attention, meaning "tell thou me" or
tell me" or "what thinkest thou or what ye think", as in the
words, Z\ls- (pW h\ 1*4 *j' : Say, tell me if His punishment
comes upon you (10:51). Qs- <sM\ \X» l_&4 ij\ : Hast Thou

considered, meaning tell me (17:63). jl ^£>\j\ : Tell

me or what think ye if come upon you. (6:41). ax^Ij (inf. noun
51 £^ and ttij) : I faced so that I saw him or it; I acted
hypocritically or with simulation towards him; I pretended to
him that I was otherwise than I really was. is : He acted
ostentatiously; he acted that men might see it. <5j ^J. p» 'J$\ :
Those who act hypocritically or ostentatiously or that
peoplemight see it (107:7). j-Ui oj^ji : To be seen of men
(4:143). : Hypocrisy; ostentation; to be seen of men. J*i
L_S3i : He did that in order to make others to see it and
hear of it. j->Ui stijj \yu : Boastfully and to be seen of men
(8:48). \'/t\'j : They saw one another. (ti»Tjj dual). jU^Ji iijjlUi:
When the two groups or armies saw each other or approached
and faced each other so that each was able to see the other.
i^iil : I made him see the thing i. e. I showed him the thing. Uji
(^L>\jj> : Show Thou us our religious rites and ceremonies of the
Pilgrimage or the places where those ceremonies and rites are
to be performed (2:129). U Ul U : I do not point out to
you but that which I see myself (40:30). <jj\y. CXS ZJS ; That he
might show him how to hide (5:32). cSji : He made such a one
to know a thing or person to be. Syn. . k_fiji Uj ^Ull j£ p&<4
aJL51 : That thou mayest judge between men by that which Allah
has taught thee (4:106). 3oi^j ^Jjl : Advise or counsel thou me
with thy opinion. Jij (inf. noun from cff'j) : Sight of the eye
like Ujj ; sight of the mind i. e. mental perception, judgment;
intelligence; or forecast; belief; skill in affairs; opinion. Uiiji {J>

305

<j\*J\ ^jG : Only the most abject amongst us have followed thee
<j\*J\ iji'b meaning without reflection or to all outward
appearance or at first thought or opinion, taj J-J»l U : How
misguided is his opinion. >L>\»Jfi\ or J*t : Intelligent
people, tj frj : Aspect, look or outward appearance; beauty of
aspect or outward appearance; what the eye sees of goodly
condition and clean apparel. £ >j j IftH j-l^l (U : They are better
off in wealth and in appearance or outward show (19:75). IjJj :
A dream, or vision in sleep. Syn. with pJ- or Ujj is such as is
good and the latter is the contrary. \j)J\ cJ& ii : Thou hast
indeed fulfilled the dream (37:106). Uj> tfjij ^It &te> & :
Surely, Allah has fulfilled for His Messenger the vision (48:28).

<— > j [aor. inf. noun uj] <uj : He was or became its uj or lord,
possessor, owner; he possessed or owned it; he had command
or authority over it. oj : He ruled or governed the people i.
e. he was or became their lord, master or chief. '4y. He reared,
nourished fostered, brought up, him, (i.e. «Uj) taking good care
of him and acting as his guardian until he attained to puberty
and also . lli Sljjl cJ] means, the woman patted her child
repeatedly on its side in order that it might sleep. It is said that
the primary signification of >L>'j\ is K>°J^ ; i. e. the bringing a
thing to a state of completion by degrees. uj : He
increased or rightly disposed the benefaction. uj : He put
the affair in a proper state; he managed, conducted or regulated
the affair and established it firmly. uj : He collected the
thing and possessed it. o 1 ^^ 4*j : He stayed in the house. 4*j
: He made the oil fragrant or good and sweet or perfumed
it. aCj j\ li jji CJjj 4*j (inf. noun C^j'J) : He brought up the child
and took care of him till he reached his puberty. 'CS :

As they nourished me in my childhood (17:25). 4*j : A lord,
possessor, an owner of an anything; ( oj and J&U and C^^p
are syn.) A lord, master or chief; a lord, ruler, governor,
regulator; a rearer, fosterer, nourisher and an accomplisher. It is
an inf. noun used as an intensive epithet, like JAp . jllil 4*j j*
i.e. he is the master of the house and JUil 4*j : He is proprietor

306

4j 4>j

of the property or its owner or master. l_£T; ^Til :
Remember me or mention me to thy lord (12:43). o^j 1 plural. «■
Ci°J"Jaj> 4^j' : Are diverse lords better or Allah? (12:40). ~4j ^»
c~3i : She is the mistress of the house, op 1 : One of the
epithets used for God. j-*-^ 4*j : The Lord of all the worlds
(1:2). yt<}tfl uj : The Lord of Lords i. e. God. 44o : A boy
reared, fostered, brought up and taken good care of until he
reaches his puberty (step-son); a man's wife's son; a woman's
husband's son; a confederate. a-Lj (feminine) and is
plural. She is the daughter of a woman's husband by another
wife or the daughter of a man's wife by another husband,
because he or she rears her in spite of her being not a real
daughter; (stepdaughter) or it means the wife of a man having
child by another wife; also a woman who has the charge of a
child who rears or fosters it. f>jji*- J> ^ ^^->.j : Your
stepdaughters who are your wards (4:24). ^jj (plural 6j*b) is
related to *jj which means, a large company of men. jjIjj
means, numerous companies. It also means, learned, pious,
patient men. *Jf£ <jj*b a* 0 Jj^ : Fought beside him numerous
companies of their followers (3:147). dj^.j or j^jIjj is the
plural of which is a relative noun from <-»j (Lord), just as
(long-beard) and fg'jA (having long hair) are derived
from X£l and y^> respectively. Keeping in view the different
meanings of oj the word would mean: One who devotes
himself to religious service, or applies himself to acts of
devotion; one who possesses knowledge of God; one who is
learned in religious matters; a good or righteous man; a
worshipper of the Lord; a teacher of others who begins to
nourish people with the small matters of knowledge or science
before the great; a learned man who not only practices what he
knows but also instructs others; one of a high rank in
knowledge; a lord or master; a leader; a reformer. ijijT
0~>$j : But be solely devoted to the Lord (3:80). uj (and oj) is
a word of which there are many dialectic variants, some that are
formed with the affix o some with the affix U and some with

307

4o u&.j

both these affixes together. Of these the most common are uj
and Ujj , and cJj is the most common of the forms that have
the affix o . uj may be rendered "few" and "some" and with U
affixed "sometimes" or "seldom" or it may mean "many" and U
affixed "many times", "many a time", "often" or "frequently".
As the context may indicate. p& <J*-j : Few or many men
stood.

$'y\ »JJb ^ Jjj (Jij CJ\ aS j^S i°ji°y> Uj Sft

Now surely scarce an instance is there of any one born having
no father and of one having offspring whom two parents have
not procreated (meaning Jesus and Adam). Udii j> Oj ^
^□ji ^ Aijl* : (a tradition), O many a female having dress in the
present life will be naked on the day of Resurrection. U is
affixed to 4*j in order that verb may follow it, and the verb that
follows it is generally a preterite as to the letter and the
meaning as in j!A3 ^3 Ujj i. e. seldom or often such a one has
come to me. sometimes the verb is a future but only when it
expresses an event of which one is certain as in ij^T^JjJl ly m Ujj
<>*UU IjilTjJ : Often do the disbelievers wish that they were
Muslims (15:3).

[aor. fu.j, inf. noun £4j and and £Uj] : He gained or made
profit in his traffic. ^>j^> cJuj Ui : But their traffic has
brought them no gain (2:17). kjlstt? c-Ajj : His traffic brought
him gain or profit, l^j «jt*j ^ jil : Righteousness is the best
traffic in respect of gain or profit.

Jajj [aor. inf. noun Jaj] <o Jajj : He waited for good or evil to
befall him. y>\ lg?£) '■ A thing or an affair or an event put me in
expectation. y>*i\ jpj.jj : He looked for, expected or waited for
the event to come about. y>*i\ *j Ja>j> : He expected or waited for
the event to befall him.

U>Q?- jl £jj jlJaJ Iglx] <j)UJl cJj ^ JflJjJ

Wait thou for the vicissitudes of time to befall her, perhaps she
might be divorced some day or her husband may die.

308

l$jJ-\ 111 La J* : Do you look for us anything except

one of the two good things (9:52). y>^ jf- Joj'jS : He kept back
from the thing. <j-£(r* ( by^'j* plural) : Waiting for and one
who waits. Ja>jv> Ji : Say, each one is waiting (20:136). til
^°jJz>jZj> ^Ju> : We are also waiting with you (9:52). J&.jz* also
means, one who withholds, or collects and withholds wheat and
the like waiting for a time of dearness. [syn. j£j> ;

Period of waiting. <tf$ Jaiy" : The period of waiting is four
months (2:227). s-^-Llb Ja|y : He looked for or waited for the
thing.

■kjj [aor. Mjt and Mji inf. noun Jajj] <&uj : He tied, bound or made
it fast. aIU & j : He held back from him or it. l^Lf Jaj j (inf. noun
itij) : His heart became strong, firm and resolute so that he did
not flee from the occasion of fear. <Uis ^s- aJJi ,kij : God
strengthened his heart. J^U <ul$ Jl* £u"i Jajj : God strengthened
his heart with patience, ^jis ^ tdaij : We strengthened their
hearts (18:15). S^\j (inf. noun ibj and i^t^i) : He applied
himself perseveringly to the affair. J~*l\ JsjIj : The army kept
past or remained on the frontier of the enemy, o^^' : The
two parties tied their horses at their respective frontiers, each in
preparation for the other. ~&u\'yS\ in its primary acceptation
signifies "two hostile parties" tying of their horses, each at their
frontier and each in preparation for the other. JIaJI JsLT; and
Ipwl^ signify the same. IjMjJ '■ Be steadfast, and

strive to excel in steadfastness and (tie your horses on your
frontiers) be on your guard (3:201). J4^'^j(>?j : And of
mounted pickets (or of horses tethered (8:61). JsIjj : (inf. noun)
Tying; a thing with which one ties, binds or makes fast a beast;
a rope with which a beast is tied; a snare for catching game; jJaii
AisLg ^kJi : The gazaelle rent his snare; The heart; itUj jp'J: He
died; a fortress; a public building for the accommodation of
travellers and their beasts; a religious house or house inhabited
by devotees; a building for the poor; horses. J4^> tf^.jti '
Such a one has got horses.

309

£0 HJ

[aor. gji and jnj aor. inf. noun £j] : (1). He took

the fourth part of their property, (2). he became the fourth of
them or (3). he made them to be four or fourteen or forty or
forty four by adding himself. J^Ji (aor. gj) : He twisted the
rope. £jj : He (a horse), came fourth in the race. £»j (and :
A fourth part. £$1 : Then you shall have a fourth (4:13):
£0' : He entered his fourth year. £Uj : Four and four; four and
four together; or four at a time and four at a time = 1*$ 1*$.
^Ujj Jsi : Two or three or four (4:4). gjl (feminine) and

(a masculine noun of number) meaning four. gjl jL$Jb
oiil4i> : If she bears witness four times (24:9). jH£ U^J

frii^A : Why did they not bring four witnesses (24:14). oiji
£0^1: Quadrupeds, ^ji: Forty. a£J J->y liipj ilj : And
When We made Moses a promise of forty nights (2:52). :
Fourth . a*jI j* : He is one of the four. : The

fourth was their dog (18:23).

Ijj [aor. jj^j inf. noun t\jj and jjj] JUil Uj : The property increased
and became augmented; it increased by usury. \j>°j2 Uj jiaSl Uj
Jjii* ^Ul Jijii : Whatever you pay as interest that it

may increase the wealth of the people, it does not increase in
the sight of Allah (30:40); or it may mean, whatever you give
of usury or whatever you give of anything for the sake of
receiving more that it may increase the wealth of the people. Uj
also means, it became high. iijJl Uj : The boy grew up. Uj :
The horses panted or were or became out of breath. Ojjj :
I ascended the hill or the elevated ground. cJjj 1 : I took more
than I gave, olfaJaJl ^J> : He (God) will increase charity or
alms (2:277). Ji»jSf1 cJj : The earth became large and swelled.
dJjj ojsAj : It stirs and swells (22:6). *4o : I brought him, I
nourished him or it. \Qj Lis <-£>y ft : Did we not bring thee up
among us (26:19). jjj : A company of men. Sjjj : A large
company of men or ten thousand, ajjj : One million, bj (it is
also pronounced tUj) : An excess and an addition; an addition
over and above the principal sum, but in the law it signifies an
addition obtained in a particular manner (i. e. usury, interest or

310

profit and the practice of taking interest or profit). It is in
lending or in buying and selling and in giving. The Hadith has
defined as: lg j$ Jyj je°J JT : Every loan advanced to draw
profit is Ijj i. e. interest. I j/JJi 4JJ1 j^Ij : Allah will abolish
interest (2:277). Sjjj (and ajjj and «jjj) : A hill or elevated
ground or place. JsiT : Like the case of a garden on

elevated ground (2:266). olj : Increasing or augmenting, ^i^-li
&lj 9.U1 : And He punished them with a punishment exceeding
other punishments; a vehement punishment (69:11). : More
numerous; more powerful; more abundant in wealth. lS\ <5j&
JjjI^a : Lest one people become more powerful, more
numerous or more abundant in wealth (16:93).

[aor. £>y„ inf. noun £jj and ^jjj and ^uj] : He (beast) ate and
drank what he pleased; he ate and drank with great greediness;
he ate and drank plentifully and pleasantly in land of green
herbs and waters. It is metaphorically said of man as meaning,
he ate much, JU : Such a one acted as he pleased

in eating and drinking the property of such a one.
g'jij : We went out sporting and enjoying ourselves. li£ L*i iLjl
: Send him with us tomorrow that he may enjoy
himself and play (12:13). It is said in a hadith: Sy~ &°J. o*
ikJbxj jl L_Ci>jj : He who goes round about the prohibited place
of pasturage may enter into it. J> £>j : He stayed in the

house and ate and drank or enjoyed himself fully and at will, jjj
tfte j) : He backbited such a one.

Jpj [ aor - m f- noun <3*j] : He closed up and repaired a rent. jJj
: He repaired the piece of cloth and sewed it up. Jj^i is
the cont. of jsiJl. jjj : He closed up the breach that was
between them; he reconciled them; he reformed their affairs.
Jjj : Being closed up. tfJj Qi€ : They were a closed up

mass and We opened them out (21:31). JJ$I jJUOi ji : He is the
reformer of the affair or he is the possessor of command or
rule, so that he opens and closes and straitens and widens. tlSJj :
A woman unfit for coition.

311

Jo £[J

Jjj [aor. Jj^j inf. noun Jjj] i^-iJi Jjj : The thing was or became well
arranged. Jjj : The front teeth were or became even in their
growth or separate one from another, well set together and very
white and lustrous. jij (inf. noun $Sj>) : He put together
and arranged well the component parts of the speech and made
it distinct. J4?y in its original sense relates to the teeth,
signifying their being separate one from another and when used
with regard to a speech, it signifies putting together and
arranging well its component parts and making it distinct. cJjj
jijiSi : I read or recited the Holy Qur'an in a leisurely manner,
deliberately distinctly and well. %fy Sufrj : We have arranged it
in the best form (25:33). *>Q> o$Jl £j ■ And recite the Holy
Qur'an slowly, distinctly and well. (73:5). J4^> here signifies
proceeding in a leisurely manner and uttering distinctly,
without exceeding the proper limits or bounds.

* ' it i 1 t a t a

£j [aor. ji inf. noun £j and £j] £j and £j : It moved and shook.
A*rj : He put it in motion or in a state of commotion or
agitation; he put it in a state of violent motion; or convulsion or
made it to shake, quake or quiver. Je jSfl c-4-j lit : When the
earth shall be convulsed with violent convulsion (56:5). o^ 1 £j:

He shook the door violently.

4 , „ t t „ *

l^j [aor. inf. noun Urj] jJhli l^-jl : He postponed, put off,
deferred or delayed the affair. v^j' : She was or became
near to giving birth.

j£j [aor. 'jfr'jt inf. noun : He recited poetry or he versified in
the metre terms j£ > j£j : Properly signifies commotion,
agitation or convulsion and consecutiveness of motions; hence
punishment that agitates by its vehemence, and occasions
vehement consecutive commotions; conduct that leads to
punishment; sin or iniquity, filth or uncleanliness or
uncleanness; idol-worship; plague or pestilence. ^JJl J*
*.U-lJl j* \j*rj : We sent down upon the transgressors
punishment from heaven (2:60). j£j : He

(God) might remove from you the filth of Satan (8:12). £*j Uij

312

j£^Jll$IA* : And when there fell upon them punishment or
pestilence or plague (7:135). as also j^-j : Filth or uncleanness;
punishment; idol-worship. j*Jh '■ And uncleanliness do

thou shun (74:6).

J^f j [aor. ^J:y, and inf noun J^t-j] ili-lil c— ^-j : The sky
thundered violently and became in a state of commotion
preparatory to rain. JJrj : The camel brayed violently.

J~*rj (aor. J~r^ inf. noun J^j) , and j*Jrj (aor. J~r^ inf. noun
*~>l*-j) : It was or became dirty or filthy or disliked or hated for
its filthiness; he did a bad, evil, abominable or foul action.
J^ry. (1). Dirt, filth or uncleanliness; (2). any action that is
disliked for its filthiness; J^-^ 1 S-*^ : That He may
remove all uncleanliness from you (33:34); (3). an unclean,
dirty or filthy thing or person; J^j Ails : For all that is unclean
(6:146), JJrj 'j-^ /'^ : So leave them alone, for surely

they are filthy or unclean people (9:95); (4). punishment, £*j Ji
j JJrj ffij & : Indeed there have already fallen upon
you punishment and wrath from your Lord (7:72); (5). a sin or
crime; (6). an unlawful or forbidden thing; (7). infidelity and
unbelief; (8). an action that leads to punishment; (9). anger;
(10). that in which there is no good; (11). malediction or
execretion; (12). a light or slight motion; (13). suggestion of
the Devil.

£jfj [aor. ^r°ji inf. noun and jsfj and ^ry> and and

S&rj]: He came or went back or returned to the same place or
person or state or occupation from which was the
commencement action or saying etc. signifies the

returning to a former place or quality or state whether the
returning by the whole person or thing, or by a part thereof or
by an action thereof. *4-uil J\ : If we return to the city

(63:9). J\ lj«r3 ^ : So when they returned to their father
(12:64), J*r)J' 3yj JJl jl : Surely unto thy Lord is the return
(96:9). p***°J* JJl p : Then unto your Lord shall be your
return (39:8). J] si^J' c-*^-j : The woman returned to her

313

£2 £2

family (by reason of divorce or the death of her husband);

,J\ : He became poor, tju* j* £fr'j '■ He returned from his
journey. cJAJi jt- ^ : He relinquished sin i. e. he repented, ^fj
j^s- : He returned against him or to attack him. <*Jji» : He

retracted his saying. 4*rj (inf. nouns and £fry>) as also ji :
He made or caused him or it to return or revert; he sent back,
turned back him or it. AiJlt> ilii L_&wr j : And if Allah return
thee to a party (9:83). 3S\ J\ ^\^') : So We restored thee to
thy mother (20:41). oi)^Ji ^l^rj (inf. nouns ^fj and 5^j) :
He returned to me the answer. <5j*^ji ^ '■ What answer they
return (27:29). H$ ^r>I lit <5jji W : Could they not see that it
returned to them no answer? (20:90). cJ^-y. I returned the
speech or I repeated it; I rebutted or rejected or repudiated it in
reply. JjiJ' o Ja*j ^\ {fry, : Holding a disputation with one
another or it means rebutting one another's saying or blaming
one another (34:32). bcfly : They two (a man and his divorced
wife) returned to each other by marriage or returned together to
the marriage state. ^y4 & pffe ^y*i& : Then it shall be no sin
for them to return to each other (2:231). ^fj (inf. noun): (1)
Return; jsrj L_£i'i : That is a return far from possible (50:4);
(2) rain; o»i *U-Ulj : By the heaven that has rain (86:12),
because God returns it time after time or because the clouds
raise the water from the seas and then return it to the earth, or
the verse means, by the clouds that give rain after rain or it
means, by the heaven that returns in every revolution to the
place whence it moved; (3) hail, because it gives back the water
that it takes; (4) thunder; (5) profit, advantage or good return;
(6) a pool of water left by a torrent because of the rain that is in
it or because of its fluctuating to and from in its place; (7) the
herbage of the gjj season because it returns every year. j
(inf. noun): Return. JwrjJ' 3yj Jit h\ '• Surely unto thy Lord is
the return (96:9). ffr'y* (inf. noun), ^\ p : Then to Me is

your return (3:56). ^rlj (act. part.): One who returns. It also
means, a woman who returns to her family in consequence of
the death of her husband. 6j% ( j (plural), 6j% ( j £ : All will

314

return to Us (21:94). i*rj : A return; a single act of returning.
£fr°j£>\ : He said, <Sj*Hj &\ UJj -3JJ Ui : Verily, we are for God and
to Him shall we return (2:157). ij^rj j% : A divorce in which
one reserves to himself the right of returning to his wife.

us^fj [aor. u^r'jt inf. noun u£j and and J^rj] : It (a thing) was
or became in a state of motion, commotion, convulsion or
disturbance or in a state of violent motion, commotion etc.

cj£ j : The earth quaked or was or became in a state of
violent agitation or commotion. «ij dJ^-j : His hand or arm
trembled (by reason of old age or disease). 4*^' <-*^j : The
heart became agitated. A*^Ji ci^-j : The thunder made a
rumbling or confused noise in the clouds. fjiJl u&rj : The
people prepared themselves for war. Ji*l\ : The fever
caused him to shiver, o^*^ : The teeth fell. Je> u&r°j> fy„
Ji^Jij : On the day when the earth and the mountains shall
quake (73:15). : He told evil tales and uttered many

discordant false sayings in order that the people might become
in a state of agitation; he spread false tales of conflicts and
factions or discords and dissensions. fbi J> iji^ji : They
spread false tales about such a matter in the town in order to
cause commotion or agitation. u&r°jS\ (act. part) and ^ji^'jS
(plural). *4.u!i J> l^^r°yS\ : Those who cause agitation in the
city by spreading false tales (33:61). aa^-j : Convulsion, violent
commotion, particularly an earthquake or a violent earthquake
or a vehement cry from heaven; any punishment that befalls a
people. Ajbf^Ji (i^^-li : So the earth-quake seized them (7:92).
Ai^-ij : The quaking one. Usr\*J\ u£°j fy, : On the day when the
quaking one shall quake or the first blast on the Resurrection
Day shall resound (79:7).

J^Tj [aor. Jjf)d inf. noun J^-j] : Having no beast to ride on he went
on foot; he remained going on foot; he was or became strong to
go on foot; he (a man) was or became large in the leg or foot.
J*rj : He had a disease or complaint of leg or foot. Si^Ji jjfj :
He hugged the woman light. J£j : The leg of a human being or

315

of a bird and the hind leg of a quadruped; cont. to (Jsrj'
plural and dual). L_SCbf JiaTji : Strike with thy feet

(38:43). t>U-j ^ <y ^ : Of them are some that go upon
two feet (24:46). 1$ 6j«^ J^j> ^ : Have they feet where with
they walk (7:196). J*rj (plural J£jO : Large part of a thing; an
army. j£j (J£j plural, and j^rj : Dual). A man (the

opposite of "e\y>\ a woman), applied only to one who has
attained to puberty and manhood; or as soon as he is born and
afterwards also. j£j also signifies a woman's husband,
sometimes means a man and his wife, predominance being thus
attributed to the former. J^j means also a man perfect or
complete in respect of bodily vigour. Jl^l J> j£j 5"^ : He is a
man among men, i. e. very strong, perfect or vigorous man. p
S^r j j~> : Then He fashioned thee into a man (or perfect man
(18:38). y^yjjLs'teji ( J*- j used as plural): Of his people
seventy men (7:156). : Two men said (5:24);jUfj

^ U j 3jU»ti ji^ljlj : Whom neither merchandise nor traffic
diverts (24:38). # ^ $ 6^ : Muhammad is not

the father of any of your men (33:41). J*-j : Footman; a
pedestrian, the opposite of J-jli ; or one having no beast to ride
upon in a journey. This word is used both as singular and plural
and is also the plural of J^-ij which means, a footman.
L_£br ]j lSJ^j : And urge against them thy horse men and
thy footmen (17:65). <U*rj j <U^<-» ji^i* jtel : He suddenly attacked
them with his horsemen and footmen. VUfj lJjJU : They will
come to thee on foot (22:28). uCTj jWuf J : If you are in

a state of fear, then on foot or riding (2:240). J*rlj Jjtj : A great
walker: A man who walks much.

^rj [aor. inf. noun ^j] U^-j : He cast stones at or pelted him
with stones or he struck and killed him; he stoned him to death;
he drove him away. j . ° J&.. t .U Cyrj iiU*rj : We have made them
for casting at the devils or for driving them away (67:6).
^'ji^-'ji \°/j^4 : If they should prevail against you, they
would stone you (or stone you to death) (18:21). also
means, he cursed him, abused him, boycotted him or forsook

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him and drove him away. °yi ^ : If thou cease not I

will surely cut off all relations with thee (19:47). J^Ji : The
man conjectured or spoke conjecturally. t-4*Jt* : He spoke of
that which he did not know, without evidence and without
proof. s-4*J^ ^rj '■ Guessing or conjecturing at random (18:23).
pprjh: Driven away from God's mercy and presence i. e. the one
rejected; cursed and abused; forsaken , abandoned and
boycotted; pelted with stones or stoned to death; driven away
and deprived of all good and virtue. d^K^^ 'est '■ From

Satan the rejected, is syn. with fjr'j*. j~»yr°^ cs cf°J&>
plural) : Thou shalt be of those who are stoned
(26:117).

l^j [aor. yr'ji inf. noun t^r'j] £j : He hoped for the thing; he

was afraid of it. U : I did not fear thee. *iJt tuJ \°yrj.

: Who hopes to meet Allah (29:6). &\ f$ h'yrj. *i csM '■ For those
who hope not for or fear not the Days of Allah (45:15). iJ ji&JU
ijiij aJJ o>ry" : What is the matter with you that you fear not the
majesty or greatness of Allah or you will not believe in majesty
or greatness belonging to God or you hope not for or expect not
greatness or dignity from Allah (71:14). : Hope, (it is the
cont. of J»ld) especially hope for an event to happen in which
there is a cause of happiness or expectation of deriving
advantage from an event of which a cause has already occurred;
or eager desire for a thing that may possibly happen. Hence
yr°y is a person in whom great hopes are placed. \yr°y> l4? &
: Thou wast amongst us one in whom we placed great hopes
(11:63). l£j : Side; the side of a well from its top to its bottom
and of the sky and of anything ( plural). I* s-lst-j* ^* l_£UJi j :
And the angels will be standing on the sides thereof (69:18).
<Jr°J> : Postponed, put off, deferred or delay. fUl y>\ by?°J> d/^'j
: And there are others whose case has been postpaned or
deferred for the decree of God (9: 106). &tii [fr°y : Thou
mayest defer the marriage of any of them (33:52). oWj **rj\ :
Put him off and his brother a while (7:112).

317

S-^j [aor. and C-Tj aor. and j 1 ^ 1 ^-jTj or c-^-j or

c-^-jl: The house was ample, spacious, wide or roomy or may
the house be ample. c^J-j Uj je>°/}\ '^Ss- eJU> : The land or earth
became strait for them with all its vastness (9:118). ^Jy CJ-j
jlsUJl : May the place be spacious for thee. ^ CJ-j : He
welcomed him; he invited him to ampleness i. e. may he have
ampleness. CJ-°y> is an inf. noun like £J-j or is a noun of place.

G-°ja : Thou has come to, found, or alighted in ampleness,
or thou art welcome. jUi I jJU* $\ p& U : No welcome for
them, they must burn in the Fire (38:60). : Thou

hast come to thine own kins folk and hast found ease and
ampleness and therefore be cheerful and be not sad.

(3*"J : Wine; the choicest, the sweetest, the most excellent; the

oldest and the most excellent; or unadulterated or pure wine or
wine that is easy to swallow; a sort of perfume; j^-j l_£-L« :
Unadulterated musk, j^-j C~J- : Pure or genuine pedigree.

j^j ja Ci'jLJ : They will be given to drink of a pure sealed
beverage (83:26).

J^-j [aor. inf. noun J^-j and J4^j] J^j : He saddled the
camel; he mounted the camel. <uL~j J#-j : He smote him with his
sword. J^-j : Such a one mounted upon the back of such

a one. ^\>JJ\ jf- : He departed from the place. J^j] :
The people departed. J^-j : A saddle for a camel; Sa*- j\ aLS-j Ja)i
: He stayed or abode, a man's dwelling abode or habitation
or a place to which he betakes himself; or a place of resort; Sip
<U^jJl] jilliil : The traveller returned to his abode; goods,
utensils or apparatus of a traveller because they are in travel the
things to which he betakes himself; saddle bag; J^-j °J> ajUL1!i Jiwf
: He put the drinking cup in his brother's saddle-bag
(12:71). Ji^-j (plural): Saddle-bags; abodes, houses or
habitations; camels' saddles, °J> 'jJ*r! : Put their

money in their saddle-bags (12:63). Jl^l : This is the

place where the camels' saddles are put down, {J&p-j J> :
Say your Prayer in your abodes (houses, habitations), (a

318

tradition). : The act of mode of saddling the camels; a

departure or journey; death. bsl?-j c~ii : Our departure has
drawn near. Syn. with J4r> s^^j *bijl : Their journey in
winter and summer (106:3). : The place, object, point to
which one journeys. : Mecca is the object of my

journey.

ji^-j [ aor - mf - noun an(i : He had pity, mercy

or compassion on him; he was kind or tender towards him; he
was inclined to favour or benefit him; he forgave or pardoned
him = pp-jj. U lii : Save that whereon my Lord has

mercy (12:54). j"uJ~] : Mercy or compassion; or

tenderness or kindness; or beneficence or forgiveness or an
inclination to show one of these. j Jjl JU*;j : The mercy of
Allah and His blessings (1 1:74). 4&1 Jii 0 )Ai : Had

it not been for Allah's grace towards you and His mercy (2: 65).
U^-j as contrasted to jisi is generally spoken of such acts of
God's kindness or mercy as relate to religion or spiritual
matters. According to some aJJ-j is of two kinds, namely
gratuitous and obligatory; (1). the first kind embraces
everything; j^A JT d^~>j : My mercy encompasses all

things (7:157); (2). The obligatory is that which is promised to
the pious and the doers of good. jL~Jd]\ £ CjJ Jjl U^j 5} : The
mercy of God is nigh unto those who do good (7:57). also
means, (3) sustenance or the means of subsistence, as perhaps
in (41:51); (4). rain; <£& i^J J~>°J. <s&\ jk : He it is
Who sends the winds as glad tidings before His mercy or rain
(7:58); (5). Plenty; or abundance of herbage and of the goods,
(6). conveniences or comforts of life. U£j JAJI bail lit j : And
when We make people taste of mercy (comforts of life) (10:22
and 30:37). ^-j is syn with a^J-j ; mercy etc. CJ-j : And
nearer to mercy (18: 82). "uJ-y syn. with U^^Jb l^»tjJj :
And exhort one another to mercy (90:18). and (plural
fbr-j*) : Womb; relationship, particularly by the female side; tie
or ties of relationship. ^jSfljji jl f^j^ 1 1 jb 1 : Blood relations.
Jjl obY ^« J^i j^jai; f^j*^ jJj 1 : And as to blood relations
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^2 £2

they are nearer to one another in the Book of God (8:76). j-*^ 1
: These are names applied to God and are both formed to
denote intensiveness of signification, from like from
C~zs- and (iIi*Jt from ^s- . is in the measure of and

in the measure of J4*s . According to the rules of the
Arabic language, the larger the number of letters added to the
root word, the more extensive or more intensive does the
meaning become. The measure of thus conveys the idea of
fulness and extensiveness, while the measure of J4*i denotes
the idea of repetition and giving liberal reward to those who
deserve it. Thus the word cr^^ would denote "mercy
comprehending the entire universe", whereas the word
denotes, "mercy limited in scope but repeatedly shown. "In
view of the above is He Who shows mercy gratuitously

and extensively to all creation without regard to effort or work
and is He Who shows mercy in response to and as a

result of the actions of men but shows it liberally and
repeatedly. jjjJ' fji^, 1 * 6**"*^ '■ The Gracious, the
Merciful, Master of the Day of judgement (1:3-4). Moreover
j*^ 1 is applicable to God only, while the latter is applied to
man also, : And to the believers he is

compassionate and merciful (9:128). Again the former extends
to the whole creation and the latter applies mostly to believers.
When applied to men, the plural of is *U^-j : The Holy
Prophet is reported to have said, *U#-JJl fliC* ^ Ui : God

has mercy on only those of His servants who have mercy on
others. : Tender among themselves (48:30). (act.

part.) : One who takes mercy and (S^t'j is its plural and
means, more or most merciful, ct^fy ^ '■ Thou art the
Most Merciful of those who show mercy (7:152).

[aor. jt-'jt inf. noun sjl^j and b^] : It (a thing), was or became
soft, flaccid, flabby or fragile. V-] (aor. yt-'ji). and jf-^ (aor.

and j/rj (aor. j*-jt). J^l &j : The life became easy or
plentiful. : A soft or gentle wind; or gentle wind that does
not move anything; a soft and quick wind; a wind that does not

320

h h

oppose or contravene the will of God. t^-j iy>\j <s y*u : Blowing
gently by his command (38:37).

[aor. iy, inf. noun lj and ly>] «Sj : He made him to go back or
revert; he returned, rejected, repelled or averted him or it. jf- SSj
y>*2\ : He made him to turn back with gentleness from the affair
or thing. ^>£s f- '■ Would turn you back from your

religion (2:218). °<jLs&\ Jlp : They will cause you to turn

back on your heels (3:150). fyyr &\ s'j : He returned to him an
answer. : He returned to him the salutation. >j

: He refused to accept the thing i. e. rejected it. s-^iJl *j
JjiJiji : He repeated the thing or the saying. &\ Sj : He
referred the case to him. Jj-^J'j *Ilt J\ : So ye refer it to
Allah and His Messenger (4:60). o^ 1 3j : He closed the door.
JJllli ; He turned back the beggar. ^Ijli °J> ^jJi iji ; They
turned their hands to their mouths (14:10). iij is syn. with s'j.
i'J3\ Ujjj p : Then We gave you back the power against
them (17:7). *it JJl flUii^ : Then We restored (or returned) him
to his mother (28:14). Ajjl : He or it went back or reverted etc.
^•>C^i j£ Ijji : He reverted from Islam to disbelief. h)\ = iajj] :
He reverted or went back. <ub hxs'y, ^ : And whoso turns

back from his faith (2:218). &js : He returned or reverted,
much or again and again. dj'^jH pHJ °Jt p& '■ They waver in
their doubts (9:45). iij : (Act. part.). ALjaJif\j*M : There is none
who can repel His grace (10:108). ^CJi fljiij U] : We shall
restore him to thee (28:8). iy> (and Sj) is inf. noun, meaning
returning; repelling, reversion, going back, ffol ^1 ljiy> 5' : And
our return is certainly to Allah (40:44). *J s'j> *M : There is no
repelling it (13:12). ljiy> (Pass, part.): A thing or person
returned, reverted. Sji^i J}s : A rejected or rebutted saying.
i'/iy'^s- : Punishment that cannot be averted (11:77).
(plural), meaning reverted or returned, restored. J> ojiji^i U] i
i$U*il : Shall we be reverted or restored to our former state
(79:11). Sj : Anything returned after it had been taken; a reply
or answer; a corrupt, bad or disapproved thing, lj <uLJ : In
his tongue there is a difficulty of utterance. Sl&jl : Apostasy.

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tey> : An apostate; particularly who returns to disbelief from
Islam.

i , , i

[aor. \i'J. inf. noun Oj] jaiU*il Tijjl JaJUiil Tij ; He supported
or propped the wall by means of a buttress or by a structure to
prevent it from falling. <u a\s] ; He strengthened and supported
him or it by means of it foj : He helped, aided or assisted him.
Oj : A buttress or the like by means of which a wall is
strengthened and supported; a thing by means of which one is
helped, aided or assisted (its primary meaning); a helper, aider
or an assistant; a thing that is added to another thing; a burden
that balances another burden on the other side of a beast. iLjli
\>j : So Thou send him with me as a helper (28:35).

[ aor - in f- noun an d &j and SJ <3ij : He rode

behind him on the same beast; he or it followed him or it. SsSij :
I overtook him and outwent him. ^°JZ Jgi** : A portion

of that which you desire to hasten may have drawn near to you
or may have become close behind you (27:73). : A sequent
of a thing; followers or assistants or auxiliaries; the night and
the day because the one follows the other closely; the hinder
part of anything; the buttocks particularly of a woman, uus] :
One who rides behind another on the back of same beast. Aiii^Ji :
The second blast that shall follow the first. Aiii^Ji l^LxJ : A
second quaking shall follow it (79:8). j<k*s> : (Following one
another) Is the plural of which is act. part, from tJiji. j*
^iy>l^Li\ ; Angels following one another (8:10). ;
Synonymous. : Synonymous words

^ij [ aor. tf'ji or ^J. inf. noun fij] : He stopped up or closed a
door, a gap or breach and the like; he stopped up by putting one
thing upon another, u/li ^ ; He patched or pieced a garment.
(Oj : An obstruction; a barrier; a rampart or fortified barrier; a
man in whom there is no good, <l>°j> : An old and worn out
garment, patched and pieced, liij j J*£l : I will set up a
barrier or rampart between you and them (18:96).

tj^j [aor. inf. noun ijs]] : He perished; he fell into a well; he

322

tumbled down, into a deep pit. <J*yi sj* ^Jlj : He followed his
evil inclination and perished (20:17). tjij is syn. with L$ij>
which also means he fell or tumbled down from a mountain
into a deep pit; he perished; he died. ^Vy lil : When he falls
into the abyss of the fire of Hell; when he perishes; when he
dies (92:12). SlSjl : He caused him to perish or destroyed him.
jJi^si <l>$£ l\ : Verily thou almost caused me to perish or destroy
me. fj*y> : He was or became overthrown. : That which

falls from a mountain or an elevated place into a pit and dies;
killed by a fall (5:4). hij : A covering garment. j~wJi t\>j : The
light and beauty of the sun. oCiii : The beauty of youth.

Jij [aor. Ji)d and Jij aor. Jiy, inf. noun iilij] Jij and Jij : He
was or became low, base, vile or contemptible, in his aspect or
circumstances or it (a thing) was or became bad, corrupt,
abominable or disapproved. Jiji : He did a bad thing. *Jiji : He
rendered him base low, mean or contemptible or he pronounced
him so or pronounced the thing to be bad. JJoj and Jij and Jlij :
Mean, low, contemptible, corrupt. Jiji : Comparative noun
meaning worse and worst, (plural Jiiji and 6j^j0- Jl

Jiji : Who are driven or brought back to the worse or worst
part of life or most contemptible part there of i.e. a state of
decrepitude and dotage (16:71). <5j^j"^ : And the

meanest follow thee (26:112). (Asty (U jdJJlj : And those who
are the meanest amongst us have followed thee (1 1:28).

3 jj [aor. Jjjji inf. noun <jjjj and jjj] lUi iijj : God gave him or
granted him or bestowed upon him the means of subsistence; or
supplied, provided or blessed him therewith. k-_/^UaJi Jjjj : The
bird fed its young one. eUr 'J~»*i\ Jjj : The commander gave the
army their subsistence money or allowances or pay. Jjj : It (a
place) was rained upon. &\ lt« : Eat of what God has
given you or provided for you (5:89). &te <jjj : He was thankful
to such a one or, acknowledged his beneficence,
jjjjij °{&S\ : And do you make your thankfulness (or gratitude)
to be that you dis acknowledge the benefit received or do you

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<3l> fr-o

make the gratitude or thankfulness for your being provided
with sustenance that you disacknowledge it (56:83),
(SjiJij (jiji (P^-i or ^Jo&dl J^* or do you make the

denial thereof your means of subsistence. *Uj °y> Jjj^ ifalj
oL-^- : And Allah bestows His gifts on whomsoever He pleases
without reckoning (2:213) or without fearing that anyone will
call Him to account for it or without thinking ( he
thought) that He will bestow upon him or without his
reckoning upon the supply, <jjj : A thing whereby one profits
or from which one derives advantage; a gift; the means of
subsistence or of the support and growth of the body
(according to some a thing possessed and eaten by the
deserving); a portion, share or lot, particularly of something
good; a daily allowance of food and the like or subsistence
money, pay or allowance of a soldier. J> lJ^jj ^ : How
much is thy monthly subsistence money or pay. t y~j*i\ &yj\ : A
thing that comes to a person without earning it or labouring for
it. (ijj also means, rain. jfcjZSj c&h ^ ^j^ 1 '■ The man to
whom the child belongs is responsible for their food and
clothing (2:234). Lij^j \X» jl : Indeed this is our provision (or
gift). (38:55). Ll£ lijj ^jjj : And He has given me from
Himself handsome provision (11:89). jjijJi (Its intensive is
JjlpO : The Supplier of the means of subsistence. <jjlj^Jl ifol jl:
Verily God is the Great Giver or Sustainer (51:59).
(plural of (jjjlj). c£)fy 'J^ cij : Thou art the Best of sustainers
(5:115).

^*>j [aor. inf. noun £j^>j] : It (a thing), was or became firm
steadfast, fixed, steady, or settled or established in its place.
jJUJl J> ^-jj : He became firmly rooted or grounded in
knowledge. <Ui J> *J- : His love became fixed in his heart,
j^j : It (said of rain) sank into the earth so that the moistures of
the rain and the soil met together. £~>\] : Anything firm, steady,
steadfast, settled or established in its place. j*->lj : A firm or
firmly rooted mountain. (Jul) J> ^JLS a) : He has a firm
footing in knowledge. is the plural of £->lj which is

324

act. part.: Those who are firmly rooted in knowledge or
science; those who have deep knowledge or firm grasp of or
commit to memory, the Book of God (3:8).

J-^j [ aor - J-*)* in f- noun and ^-"j] : He (a camel), was or

became easy in pace; or it (hair) became lank, not crisp. J> j^j
ItS'jh : He read (leisurely) and easily, ililj (inf. noun ~*L*\y>) :
He sent a Message or letter to him. L>bT JJji : He sent a book,
iiij ilji JJji : God sent His messengers. SCj lILji : We sent
Our Messengers to them (5:71). kUJ ^llp JJjl : He let loose his
tongue against him. (i^lU llUjl : We sent punishment upon
(or against them). Li^As JJjl : He set such a one on him or
gave him mastery or authority or power over him. j~>ji :

He (God) set or sent against them birds (105:4). j^-SJl uLji Ui
^ : We set the satans on disbelievers; or We give the
satans power, complete authority or dominion over the
disbelievers (19:84). ?Jj js- aL>j\ : He forsook or deserted him.
Ji-'J ( (pj plural) : A messenger; ^ Jj-'j : Muhammad is
the Messenger of Allah (48:30). Sj~>j is applied without
variation to male and a female and to one and to two and to a
plural number sometimes. Thus Jj^j (as meaning a messenger,
is like jl* and Jj.u> in its being used alike a masculine and
feminine and singular and dual and plural. 4*j Jj~»j u ] ^ :

And say we are the Messengers of the Lord of the worlds
(26:17). In (20:48) we have dj^j W ^ : Say we are the
(two) Messengers of God. (20:48) In (26:78). j& is used as
plural. (3^-^' "J ^ j& (i^i* : They are all enemies to me,
except the Lord of the worlds. J-ij (plural), ijsj lilij LUjl ^j:
Then We sent Our Messengers one after the other (23:45). J-ij
is (syn. with Jj-^j) : One who is sent; a Messenger. lA!U> 5]
$ J-V : That Salih is one sent by his Lord (7:76). t)jL>y> and
(plural). £jJpj : And the Messengers spoke the

truth (36:53). c^°^ J* f*^J : An d peace be upon The
Messengers (37:182). J~>^ is pass. part, and its feminine is
and the plural of ~*i*>y is l>*>L)y c~U>)Uij : By those
sent forth to spread good (77:2). J->^J is act. part, from Jpjl,

325

(Its plural is dj^'j* and 'J1^>°J>). JSUi I jL*>y> Lit : We will send the
she-camel (54:28). 'Jt^j> ^ : We have been sending the
Messengers (44:6). ti~>°y> is feminine of : Meaning a
woman who sends a messenger. aL>^ °J>)j : And I am

sending a messenger to them with a present (27:36). iiU-j and
aJUj (plural olJUj and JjL-j) : A message, written or oral; a
letter. JJUj Also signifies a tract (plural Jilij). olJUj ;
I deliver to you the messages of my Lord. c^L>x '■ A ls° the
apostolic office or function (7: 69). *JL->j cili Ui : Thou hast not
conveyed His Message (5:68). Jj^j is syn with 2JU-> J^j :
Gentleness or a deliberate or leisurely manner of acting or
behaving. L_£pj Jlp llT J*3i : Act thou at thine ease. when
applied to a Hadith ( dJ^-), means, the hadith of which the
ascription is not traced up as to reach to a companion of the
Holy Prophet (Peace be upon him).

l*»3 [ aor - J~°J- in f- noun 'j-O and ] J*^ 1 : The mountain was
firmly established or fixed upon the ground. L»5 also means, it
(a thing) was or became stationary, at rest, fixed, fast, firm or
steadfast. : The ship cast anchor or became

stationary upon the anchor, <-^«il J> °p#A&\ d~->] : They stood
firm in war. ^\ j£ i£>j-»3 : I effected a reconciliation between
the people, ^jiil Lij : He intended fasting. SUjI : He made it (a
thing) to become stationary, fixed, fast, firm, steady or stable.
LaCji Jl^Jij : And He made firm the mountains (79:33). :
(Act. part.) meaning, stationary, fixed, firm, steady or stable.

(feminine). oL-jIj and j-'jj are plurals. JC*- and JC*-
oL->ij : Firm, fixed, steady mountains. : He made it (a

thing) to become stationary, at rest, firm, fixed, fast or stable,
il-ilj jAi : A cooking pot that will not move from its place on
account of its great size or being fixed in the ground. cJ~-»j jjiS:
Cooking vessels fixed in their places (34:14). <^jj : Firm,
fixed mountains. ^Ijj Jp°J}\ J> ui^rj : And We placed in the
earth firm mountains (21:32). J*°y> may be used as an infinitive
noun or noun of time or noun of place as also J* J*. I* y%» ^ (j-H
Q»°J>j : In the name of Allah be its course and its mooring or

326

casting anchor (11:42). \&>j> <jbl : When will it come to pass or
what is the time of its taking place or when will it occur
(7:188). J*°y> or ^>y> as stated above means the act of
anchoring or the time or place of anchorage (a port and its
plural is j*\y>). is the anchor of a ship.

J-ij [aor. &>°ji inf. noun lij and and iAj [aor. - inf. noun

and lAj : He took or followed a right course or way
or direction; he held a right belief; was orthodox. ai>^J
signifies the same. &>j : He took or followed a right course
in his affair, hY^y. («4^ : So they may fall on the right path
(2:187). lij : Right course or action or guidance; rectitude;
maturity of intellect and rectitude of actions and good
management of affairs and right conduct combined with
firmness, al^j : He attained to years of discretion when he
was able to take or follow a right course. Slij ^»\'J\ £jl Aijj :
Indeed We gave Abraham his guidance or right course (21:52).

ja iiijj) Surely, right (or right course) has become

distinct from wrong (or wrong course) (2:257) . liAj^ f<~*\$ '■ If
you find in them maturity or soundness of judgement (4:7). ui>j
means the same, llij t-SuJjii : It is these who seek the
right course (72: 15). l3i>j U^il & U *^aj : And Thou provide for
us right guidance in our affair (18:11). liij lJCUi U : I

have no power to do you either harm or good. Suj is syn. With
lij and i.e. right course or procedure or way; guidance or
rectitude or right belief etc. alA^Jl Jl~> ^Jii : I will guide you to
the path of rectitude or right conduct (40 :39). Some say that
lij relates to the things of the present life and to those of the
life to come and lij only to those of the life to come but this
distinction does not accord with Arabic idiom, lilj (act. part.)
and Kr>j '■ One rightly guided; one who follows or takes the
right course, the latter is more intensive of the two and is also
applied to God meaning "Director to the right way." fii*

J*" J : Is there not among you one right - minded man
(11:79). £i>'ji Cijfi'ji yA Uj : And the command of Pharoah was
not at all right (11:98). ( oj^'j and J^J-itj are plural of IaQ ;

327

,ii L_£i) ji: Who follow the right course (49:8). &>y> (act.
part.): Guide. yj Li jb>t? Thou wilt find for him no

helper, guide or friend (18:18). SiAjl : He made him to follow a
right course or be directed him aright or to the right way.

[aor. inf. noun and JU>j] sjUpj : He lay in wait for him
in the way; he wanted or waited for him and so and liji
aJ. 1>5 and l^y and , all signify the same i.e. a place

where one lies in wait or watches foe and enemy; 1>3 also
means lying or one who lies in wait or ambush or a watcher;

l^lg-Si 4] 1^4 : Finds a shooting star in wait or ambuch for
him (72:10). 1jU>j AiU J^j j£ ^SU-1J : Then He causes a
guard to go before him and behind him (72:28). tej Also
means, a small quantity of rain and of herbage. aJ JL>jI: He
prepared for him the affair. j^Jb : He watched or waited
for him with what was good or evil, ( iU*ji is inf. noun from
jL>j(). Aj^iaJi 4] oJL>ji : I prepared for him punishment. ^U^jlj
4JjJl>3j aJJi oj^- : And prepare an ambush for him who warred
against Allah and His Messenger (9:107). and "^°yt :

Hiding place; ambush. Jjs^Jb jJ6 and iU»^Ju aJ o*I and aJ 0*3
J-^^Jb : He lay in wait for him in the way. ib>}Jb W: I am in
the place of lying in wait for thee i.e. thou canst not escape me.
Adee says: J->^Jb jUf^AJ btuJi : Verily deaths are lying in wait
or in a place of lying in wait for men. ^y> $ IjAillj : And
lie ye in wait for them or at every place of ambush (9:5). uioj 5]
jUj^JU : Verily thy Lord is on the watch or lies in wait to
punish them (89:15). cJa : Observatory.

[aor. £&j„ and aor. and ^>y, inf. noun and b>U>3
and IpUsj and A*U>j and a*U>j] <ui iijji ^3 : The child sucked
the breast of his mother. 4*1 ^AJ ^ ^fal : He sucked
meanness from the breast of his mother, i.e. he was born in
meanness. ^bJi ji : He begs of men. j ^ jj : He was or
became mean and he sucked from the teat of the she-camel and
did not milk it lest anyone should know of his doing so and
should ask of her milk. U^CJi cJl&j : Their milk became little in

328

quantity. : He sucked with him or had him as his i.e.
foster-brother, <Ui : His mother suckled him. lijJi £«i>ji :

He caused the child to be suckled. 5*^3' 0*~?°J. (inf- noun
ipU»3) : Shall give suck to their children (2:234). 'yue>°j jli :
If they give suck to the child for you (65:7). ^ : A mean
and ignoble person who sucks the teats of the she-camel so that
nobody should know and ask milk of him. : A mean or

niggardly person. ^»jt^\ : He sought or engaged a wet-nurse,
(ii'iljji \y^'j^s : And if you desire to engage a

wet-nurse for your children (2:234). ^jJjai^Ji cJ^ju*\ : I
wished that the woman should suckle my child, :
Foster-brother. {jtij\X» or a^U^Ji lia : This is my

foster-brother. a*U^Ji ^ (i^'j^'j : And your foster-sisters
(4:24). a*U>j : Suckling. a*U>^Ji ^sj iVj ; For those who
desire to complete the suckling (2:234). : Sucking the

breast of his mother; a suckling; a mean and ignoble person. ^
£-i>ij : Mean and ignoble person who has sucked meanness
from the breast of his mother; a beggar; one who eats the
particles of food remaining between his teeth lest anything
thereof should escape him. : Meanness, also means,
mean, ignoble. gr?'J\ : Mean persons. **>?y> (and £?°y>) : A
mother (or other woman) suckling or one having with her a
child which she suckles. ^y> and cj\k&y> are plurals. JT Jiljj
c^e>j\ iU Z*^>y> : Every woman giving suck shall forget her
suckling (22:3). ^ijJl tl^-j : And We had already
ordained that he shall refuse the wet-nurses, or We had before
forbidden foster-mothers for him. The difference between
and 4k?y> according to some is that, whereas £~?y> is used
when the abstract quality is meant and *^°J> when the actual
action is meant, i.e. **>?s> describes a woman in the actual act
of giving suck; or £~?°y> signifies a woman who is about to
suckle but has not yet suckled or who has a child with her
whom she suckles and **>?s> means a woman who is actually
suckling, her teat being in the mouth of her child. It is in this
sense perhaps that the word &&y> has been used in (22:3).

329

(plural of £&°J> is &?\y> and that of **&°y> is both l>\k&y and
as given above).

originally j-*>j [aor. inf. noun and and U>j and
and j'j-^j and SU^] ^3 : He was pleased with him,
regarded him with favour, liked him. Lf- fa *fc< :
Allah is well-pleased with them and they are well-pleased with
Him (5:120). ^ij <o i^ijl : He was pleased or content
with the thing, liked it or approved it or preferred or chose it.
glji aj^u \°ye'^ ; They are content with or like the life of this
world (10:8). <o c-l^j j' ^4^j : I was pleased with it, loved or
liked it, chose or preferred it. ^-U* <u c4-^j : I was pleased with
him, liked or approved him or chose or preferred him as a
companion, lli oIaXjj (i»j> £*>C^bj Ijj aIJu : We are pleased
with Allah as our Lord and with Islam as a religion and with
Muhammad as a Prophet. UJb ^ c4^j : I have chosen or
approved for you Islam as religion (5:4). "jjS& ^j ; With
whose word He is well pleased or whose word of faith He
approves or accepts (20:110). Qj^'y o^L-Jj : And dwellings
which you love (9:24). «U»ji (inf. noun tl&])) : He or it made
him to be pleased, contented or satisfied; he or it pleased him
or satisfied him; he gave him that, with which he would be
pleased. °fa'y\ {&j&°J. • They would please you with their
mouths. axj>^> flL^jj] : He chose or preferred it; he loved or liked
him for his service, or was inclined to it. J&'j lij : Except
for him whom He approves (21:29). $ ^pj°^ i£&\ fai : Their
religion which He has chosen for them (24:56). cs^O 1 Cj" ^\
Jj^j : Except to him whom He chooses, namely a Messenger
(72:28). SC^tjJ : They two agreed respecting it or both liked it
or approved of it. ^4-4^ 'j-^'y : When they agree among
themselves (2:233). Jf^y : Mutual agreement. VUai :

Weaning the child by mutual agreement (2:234) je>\'y g2\ Uil
: Buying and selling is by mutual agreement. : Pleasure,

to be pleased. 4JJ1 'J* jlj-fj : Allah's pleasure; Syn. with «U>_^.
J^rljji 3U>}i jk£s : Thou seekest the pleasure of thy wives
(66:2). «U>y also means a cause or an occasion of being

330

pleased, jt lvU l aJs^Lo o^U 5U»^ }Ji : Piety is a cause of the
pleasure of the Lord and displeasure of Satan. : Pleased,
well-pleased, satisfied; regarding with good will or favour. oU
Z] : He died and his Lord was well-pleased with him.
(feminine) '■ Well pleased, with their labour

(88: 10) *li>lj : A state of life that is found pleasing, or with
which one is pleased or that which is liked or approved (69:22).
"il&y is syn. with meaning that with which one is
pleased, that which is liked or approved or chosen, preferred or
judged to be fit for a thing (feminine of ^?y>). ^Syj J\
~4?y> : To thy Lord well pleased with Him and He well-pleased
with thee (89:29). is syn. with : Well-pleasing.
C^j 40 : And make him, my Lord, well-pleasing, (to Thee)
(19:7). also means, one who is responsible, loving; a lover
or friend; obeying or obedient.

[aor. CJp'ji and aor. inf. noun ajjJs»j and ^Usj] : It was
or became moist, sappy, juicy, soft, fresh or green. ajjL^Ji cJt>j :
The girl became soft or tender. CJs>j £te : A boy or young man
femininely soft or supple. i\y>\ : An unchaste woman. CJe] :
Moist, sappy, juicy, soft, fresh or green. J> Ot *} j cJ^tf j
jl4 obT : Nor anything green or dry but recorded in a clear
Book (6:60). CJe'j : Fresh ripe dates before they become dry. lii*
CJo j : These are fresh ripe dates. 0»j iiiL-j : It will
cause fresh ripe dates to fall upon thee (19:26).

Cs-j [aor. Cs-'ji inf. noun and CJ>y] : He feared; he was
frightened; his bosom and heart were filled with fear; he was in
a state of utmost fear, J*-^ CJ-j : He made him to fear; he
frightened him. ^iijji Csj : The valley became filled with
water. CJ>j (inf. noun C*'y) : He charmed or fascinated. CJ'j
and CJ-'y. Fear, fright or terror; fear that fills the heart and
bosom. Ci-j Si Cf-j jjii : He did it out of fear, not from desire.
Cp^Ji ^jll ^« Jllj : And He cast fear into their hearts (33:27).

[aor. and i*^ inf. noun Ipj and tU-lJi o-^j : The sky
thundered. 3 y.j ^ : Such a one frightened or terrified

331

me. ijyj Ipj j oUik *j : Wherein is thick darkness and thunder
and lightning (2:20). &j : Thunder. J4^J'j 4*2' 9^ ftr : He
brought thunder and noise i.e. war. <y*\'/}\ ^ : Calamity. ^4
jjjj j <okT : In his book or letter are words of threat or
threats.

[aor. ^y, inf. noun ^pj and ajIpj and ^^»]. a~?>UJi c-pj : The
cattle pastured by themselves. Jj^i c4*j : I kept, tended or
pastured the camels. ^USfi : The Amir ruled or governed
his subjects. iftl lI^Uj : May God guard thee. 6y>\ ^y. He was
mindful or regardful of his affair. a^UJi ^\ ( IaIpj jO : He
pastured the cattle. L£j>\*i\ : And you pasture your cattle

(20:55). J^J' : He looked to him with kindness or he had
regard for him. t'J*\ £jj : He watched his affair, he was mindful
of his affair. fjiJi £jj : He watched the stars. *4* ( j : I

listened to him; I lent my ear to him. ^°J, \i ji J^-l JjS JJl lJ j*:
He has no regard or he pays no heed to the talk of any one.

: Guarding a person or thing; being mindful or regardful of
him or it; managing or governing him or it. Ui :

But they observed it not in due manner (57:28); they were not
mindful or regardful of it. LpIj ijJjiJlJ : Do not say "Raina" i.e.
look to us, have regard for us (2:105). £lj (plural and
and *1pj and 5^j) : A keeper or guard and pastor or shepherd,
ruler, governor. jJ-^j ^ : Until the shepherds take away
their flocks (28:24). jj^j f&'&i (•■* : Those who are

watchful of their trusts and their covenants (23:9^). The Holy
Prophet is reported to have said, jf- ^>JS"j p Ij jjijf :
Every one of you is a governor or ruler and every one of you
shall be questioned respecting those he governed (Hadith).

: Pasture; pasturage or place of pasture. Jf-°^ ds^j :
And Who brings forth the pasturage (87:5).

<4«Pj [aor. Cs-°ji inf. noun 1>j and Cs-j and 4>*j] : He desired a
thing. 4j : He desired it or wished for it. Oj^yj :

And you desire to marry them (4:128). : He did not

desire it; he turned away from it; he abstained from it; he

332

avoided it or shunned it; he forsook it. ^y\ ~<& ^°y '•
And who turns away from or shuns or forsakes the religion of
Abraham (2:131). &\ : He petitioned him; he supplicated
him with humility or with sincerity or earnestness; or he
humbled himself and made petition to him. ^-^O cs^J :

And to thy Lord thou attend wholeheartedly (94:9). is* L-pj :
He held himself above or superior to him or it or preferred
himself to him or it. °^M> Ij^Uj : Or they should not

have preferred themselves to him or their lives to his life
(9: 120). CJ-j (inf. noun): Desire or wish or hope. &jj &j :
They call upon Us in hope and in fear (21:91). 4^ ( j : Desiring
or wishing; one who desires. cS\ : Dost thou desire

not or dost thou turn away from my gods (19:47). ^ J\ u l
(plural): And to Allah do we turn in supplication (9:59).

And when poverty befalls thee, then hope for competence and
humble thyself to Him Who gives large gifts.

■APj [aor. &y„ inf. noun lij and Ipj aor. Xs-'y and &°y inf. noun
ajlPj] LiJ£ opj or lej : His life was or became ample in its
means or circumstances or plentiful and easy and pleasant.
ls.°y\S ay>\ ^4 : Such a one is toiling in his affair, he will not
flag or be remiss, i^j f }S : A people enjoying a comfortable and
pleasant life having plenty of every thing. \&j LgSjj 1$$ : Its
provisions came to it in plenty (16: 113).

[aor. jip_}i and aor. inf. noun ^j] or fO kti>\ ^ : His
nose close to dust i.e. he was or became humbled or abased,
klpj : I made him to do a thing against his will; I did a thing
against his will so as to anger him. k^j : He disliked it. ^Ij
il*t: He forsook his family against their wish or deserted them.
^*°y> and (£pI^J : A road by travelling on which one separates
oneself from one's people against their wish; a place to which
one emigrates; a place of refuge; a place in which one goes to
and fro, seeking the means of subsistence; a fortress or fortified
place. l_^sT &£\y> j> 1*4 : He will find in the earth an

333

abundant place of refuge (4:101).

cij [aor. cJ'ji and cSy„ inf. noun dij]. : He broke it, or broke it
into pieces; he crushed, brayed or pounded it; he crumbled or
broke it in small pieces like as is done with lumps of dry clay
and old and decayed bones. dij : He crushed or broke his
neck. JsJmJI frUJi dij : The water broke the vehemence of thirst,
olij : An old, decayed bone or anything broken, broken into
pieces, crushed, brayed, bruised or pounded; or broken into
small pieces with the hand; a thing that has become old and
worn out and crumbled or crushed or broken into small pieces
or broken or crumbled particles, fragments or crumbs. The
Arabs say: j«SJlj l^j f jt&Jl sS*\ ^jJ'j* : He is the

person who has restored generous qualities or actions and
revived such of them as had decayed and brought to life those
that had become dead, titi jj UdLt LT liU : When we shall have
become bones and broken particles (17:50).

Cij [aor. di}j inf. noun dij and dij and dij aor. di_}* inf. noun
dij] : i^iS j> dij : He uttered foul, unseemly, immodest, lewd
or obscene speech in relation to a woman; he talked to a
woman in or respecting coition, l^w ji 4Jijib dij : He
compressed his wife, and kissed her and held amatory talk or
conversation with her; and did any other similar act of such
acts as occur in coition. tfiyi dij : He went into his wife,
dij: Foul, unseemly, lewd talk or such talk respecting women
or addressed to them; all acts and talks leading to and including
coition such as amatory talk, kissing, caressing, embracing,
compressing etc.; the removal of external impurities of the
body by such actions as the paring of the nails and plucking out
the hair of the armpit and shaving the pubes and the like. It is
syn. with *Uaii : Going in to one's wife. ^Jl J> Jj-li Uj dij Uj :
There will be no foul talk nor transgression during the
Pilgrimage (2:198). J\ di> iti $ fo\ : It is made

lawful for you to go in unto your wives on the night of the fast
(2:188).

334

A)

[aor. &°J>. inf. noun lij] fl^ij and aiijt : He gave him a gift; he
aided, helped or assisted him; he aided, helped or assisted him
by a gift or by some other thing; he held it fast. jl^Jl tej : He
propped up the wall, iij : A gift; a gratuity; aid, help or
assistance, help or assist by a gift or by some other thing; a lot,
share or portion; a large drinking cup. atij'Jfl j* : He is a
person of many gifts, ijiy : Passive participle from &j
meaning he who is given a gift. Sjl^iil &J\ ^ : Evil is the gift
which shall be given them (11:100). : A giver of gifts; one
who is next in station to a king and who occupies his place in
his absence, : The Tigris and the Euphrates.

t3j3j ct'j] or 'juai\ <3j : The bird expanded or flapped his wings
without alighting. ^\ JU : He became affectionate to the
people. : Coverlets for beds; beds; carpets; green pieces

of cloth or pieces of a cloth of dark or an ashy dust colour that
are spread; the redundant parts of beds; pillows or cushions,
meadows or gardens; a window or an aperture for the
admission of light, jjut- Ji'jj Jlp cy^A '■ Reclining on green
cushions (55:77).

[aor. inf. noun jij] **3j : He raised it; he elevated it;
upraised it; uplifted it; he took it up; he raised him in rank or
exalted him; he honoured him. £jj is sometimes applied to
corporeal things, meaning the raising or elevating a thing from
the resting place; sometimes to a building, meaning its rearing
up or making it high or lofty, xi* o jJ»JLJi ^ <j JJi lUi : Allah
is He Who raised the heavens without pillars (13:3).
Jlplwlj c4Pi ja xs>\'$\ : When Abraham and Ismail raised the
foundations of the House (2:128). *^£jl Ji jij : The thing rose
into view to me. & : He (God) has raised the height

thereof (79:29). cJe'j J\j : And at the heaven, how it

is raised high (88:19). U^kt l2 I ^ij : A big stone was raised
for us; i.e. rose into view or we stood near it or by it. (JSjjl d&'/j
jjtJt : And We raised the mountain over you i.e. you stood near
it, or the mountain rose into your view (2:64). J>yi\ Js- :

335

He raised his parents on the throne (12:101) <3ji *>Jl>J»1 IjAs^jU
^Jl cj°j^ : Do not raise your voices above the voice of the
Prophet (49:3). je*> ^{JLzju/^jj : He (God) has exalted some
of you over the others (6:166). The Holy Prophet is reported to
have said: UljSl Ui jsi Jl^iJl 1%< ^y 5! : Allah will raise,

by means of this Qur'an some peoples, and humble or abase
others (Majah). A*by jjU^l J-^lj: And the righteous work of
man exalts him. ^°y ilil 6il cj°£> : In houses about which
God has ordained that they be exalted (24:37). &\ -a-U 1 JJ :
But Allah exalted him to Himself (4:159). jJij : Active
participle from ^ ^-^'jJ : And will exalt thee to Myself
(3:56). **3i j (feminine of ^j). iJaiy- : Some it will bring
low, others it will exalt (56:4). : High, elevated, exalted,
lofty or eminent in rank, condition or state; noble, honourable,
applied to a man. (44-^) j^j j* : He is high in respect

of honour, : High in respect of rank or station, ^ij

cj°jJs]\ : High or loud in voice, ol^-jlii ^ij : (God is) of most
exalted attributes (40:16). ^jP°y> : Passive participle. ts.$y>
(feminine passive participle). ^ji^J' tilliij : And by the
elevated roof (52 : 6) J>y^j : And noble spouses (56:35)
^ikliii J\te6j : I presented him to the King. J4-^ c-£ij : I traced
up the man's lineage to his greatest ancestor. J\ dJ-!^ ^y.
He traced up or ascribed the tradition to the Holy Prophet,
mentioning all the narrators in ascending order. l^-J aJUi :
The she-camel withheld her milk. <J°y^>\\y&] ; They
relinquished war.

J^j [aor. &°y inf. noun jij and $°y> and $°y>] : He was or became
gentle, soft, tender, courteous or civil; or he behaved gently,
softly etc. j' <u J3j : He behaved gently or courteously with
him. jSj (aor. fly) and J3j also means, he was courteous,
gentle or civil. U">\i jsj : He struck the elbow of such a one. *&y
He helped him. J> : He became his companion in the
walk, jlij : Companion or companions especially in journey;
Companion or companions (used both as singular and plural);
gentle, courteous, gracious or civil. £ij : They are

336

<3h

good and excellent companions (4:70). <j£sj is also plural.
uX< jjj _^ofl : This affair is easy or convenient to thee. :
Elbow or elbow-joint ( plural) ; a thing by which one
profits or gains benefits or advantage; ease or comfort. j& V^i
\jSs'jA Li J>\ : He (God) will provide for you comfort in this
affair of yours; He will prepare for you a condition of your case
by which you will profit (18:17). jllil jily : Such conveniences
of the house as the privy and the kitchen and the like. &°J^\ :
He demanded or sought help, jijjj : He profited or gained
benefit by him or it; he made use of it; he leaned upon the
elbow of his arm or upon the pillow. jis'j* : A place or thing
upon which one leans with or elbow. V&y c-uU- :
Excellent is the resting-place (18:32). J\ fayrj S'j-M

jit^iii : And wash your faces and hands up to the elbows (5:7).

<4>ij [aor. m f- noun aJvIj]. *$j : He looked, watched or waited
for him or it; he guarded, kept or took care of it; was mindful or
regardful of it. lJ'J. '■ He sat looking or waiting for his
companion. °J°£ CJ°y fa : And you did not wait for my word or
had no regard for it (20:95). & iJj Ul ^ h'&'ji 13 : They do
not observe or have no regard for any tie of relationship or
covenant (9:10). ^Ol ^ & : I will keep watch for you
tonight. also means, he feared him. bS\i cJj : He put a rope
upon the neck of such a one. Cij> and CJj]\ are syn. with C$j
and mean, he waited, or watched. ^ '■ So he

went forth therefrom fearing, watchful (28:22). b°y$>j* pfcl
: So wait thou, they too are waiting (44:60), ( dj*&'j> act. part,
from 4~&j])- 44? j : Of the measure of J4*i in the sense of J*il :
A looker, watcher or waiter in expectation; a guardian, keeper
or preserver; one stationed on an elevated place to keep watch;
a spy or scout of an army; a watcher or an observer; a man's
successor of his offspring or kinsfolk; the son of a paternal
uncle; a species of serpent. °^Qs- C3*J\ cS\ cuT : Thou hast been
the Watcher over them (5:118). 44?j '■ Surely, I wait

with you (11:94). X£'j\ : The neck; a slave, male or female.
( o^j plural). <jJj °J> i : His sin or crime on his neck, i.e. on

337

himself, 4-3 j y y^& . Z~s] L_>i : The emancipation of a slave
(90:14;4:93). *k3j&\ ; May God emancipate him. Oj-^
U&"}\ : Smite (their) necks (47:5). CJj = CJj\ : He became
thick in the neck.

•Ai j [aor. ii^ inf. noun Silj and and : He slept, whether by
night or by day. 5)Sj^U : There is not any sleep in me.
According to some, S^Sj is by night and Slij by day. <wl*> If &j
: He did not pay attention to his guest. y>*i\ ^ ilj : He held
back from the affair, oj^ 1 : The cloth or garment became
old and worn out and of no use. jj-Jl : The market
became stagnant or dull. y*l\ &j : The heat subsided. Sjij is
plural of liij which is act. part, from Jij and means asleep. jUj
SjSj : And they are asleep (18:19). &y> : A sleeping place. }y>
\jj&°jA °y> G*> : Who has raised us from our place of sleep? (36:53)

J j [aor. jji inf. noun iij] : It was or became thin, fine, delicate. <3j
: Parchment; thin skin upon which one writes; a white paper. j>
j°jjj> 33 : On parchment unfolded (52:4). $3 aJ j3 : His heart
became full of pity for him.

ji^j [aor. '^°y inf. noun Uij] : He wrote a book or letter; he
sealed, stamped, imprinted or impressed. okSp' ISj : He marked
the writing with the dots or points and made its letters distinct
or plain. ^y. He figured, or decorated the garment or piece
of cloth and made it striped cJij : I marked the thing so

as to distinguish it from other things, as for instance, by writing
and the like. 'J*2\ : He cauterized the camel, : Any
garment or piece of cloth figured, variegated or decorated with
a certain decoration, such as is a mark; a book or writing.
: Writing; inscription. According to some commentators, a
tablet wherein were inscribed or engraved the names of the
dwellers of the cave and their ancestry and their story which
was put up on the door of the cave in which they took refuge;
or the name of the town or village from which they came, or the
name of the mountain or the valley in which the cave was
situated, or the name of the mountain or the valley in which the

338

cave was situated, or the name of their dog. J^i\ :

The people of the cave and the inscription (18:10). ^°y> :
Written; sealed, stamped or imprinted; a writing marked with
dots or points. fji°J> C>\£ ; A written Book; a sealed and
stamped Book (83:21). iijJy^li : A cauterized beast.
&°j}y>: A land in which there is little herbage. U^j : A great
calamity.

{J>j [aor. J°ji inf. noun and Jj\ Jfcjlj ^ij J&J» : He
ascended the mountain, SlSj (aor. J>y„ inf. noun Oj) : He
charmed him or fascinated him by uttering a spell, Jij : (Act.
part) One who charms, a charmer; one who ascends. Jtj j» J3j :
And it is said: Who is the wizard or charmer (to save him)?
(75:28); who will ascend with it? Oj : A charm or spell, either
uttered or written. : A charmer or one who habitually
practises charming; one who ascends mountain often and
much. ^\ys is the plural of «jv which means collar-bone, lit
jyji\ ciL; : When it comes up to the throat (75:27). ^Ul J J'j> :
He rose step by step in knowledge. «^ : A ladder. J> j\
jUlJl : Or thou ascend up into heaven (17:94). JQji ^ jij :
And we will not believe in thy ascension (17:94). J>
: So let them ascend with the means (38:1 1).

[aor. inf. noun ^j^j and 4*^] J* j' : He

rode or rode up; he mounted or mounted upon the beast. CSj
jAJi : He voyaged upon the sea. *4flJl : He went on board
the ship. jj^JaJi CSj : He went up, trod or travelled the road.
t'J\ c4^j : I followed close after him. 6's Cfj : He committed a
sin. CTj : He went at random. jjAJI : I became much
in debt. e\j& CSj : He followed and submitted to his desire. liti
(J 'j^j : And when they go on board a ship (29:66). j^jsJ
j> ^f. lib? : You shall surely go on from one stage to another
(84:20). £S\j : Riding; a rider ( <lt\tj and <$^j and 40*J and

are plurals). uCTj jl W J : Then on foot or riding (2:240).

jiii : And the cavalcade or caravan was below you

(8:43). <5j^ ^j^j 1 ^ : Some of them they use for riding

339

and some of them they eat (36:73). : Camels used for

riding. olTj iJj J4^ j* : Neither horses nor camels, has no
proper singular; the word used for singular is ii^lj. olAlJl o^j:
The winds, u/j and a^jSj : A beast that is ridden. iJj ^jTj tftf
Jjjj^-lJ j iJj^?- : He has not a she-camel to ride, nor one to carry
burdens, nor one to be milked. ^Tj : He set or put one part of it
upon another; he composed, fashioned (or constituted) it, or put
it together. iiiU & °J> : And He composed thee after

what form He would (82:9). <1>\*J~S\ C£\'y : The clouds were or
became heaped or piled up one above or upon another.
Clustered grain (6:100).

-^"j [aor. inf. noun SjTj] *UJl aTj : The water or wind

became still or motionless. hliLl\ cjjZj : The ship became
motionless. : The people were or became still,

motionless or silent. SoS'ij ^Jj jl : Motionless water or

wind. ATijj (plural of S-lfQ. oTiJj ^Slii : So they

become motionless upon its surface (42:34).

J^j [aor. *jtj„ inf. noun jTj] jJ> s J\ jTj : He stuck or fixed the spear
into the ground upright. jf j : A sound or a low sound; a sound
that is not vehement; a whisper; a sound that one hears from
afar; an intelligent, far-hearing, liberal man; a learned,
intelligent or generous man. Ijf j ^ j* : Or thou hear even
a whisper of them (19:99).

[aor. inf. noun J»ij] [as also i~£"y] : He turned it

over or upside down. IjllT Uj ji^-^j' ^'j : God has over-thrown
them because of what they earned (4:89) or it means God has
dispersed them for what they have done. lJjAp ifal : May
God overturn thine enemy upon his head; or change or reverse
the condition of thine enemy. J> j^j' : He turned him back
or caused him to return, to evil. J~Tj : (1) Dirt, filth; (2) an
unclean, dirty or filthy thing.

JkS'j [ aor - o^S- in f- noun J^'S\ : He struck with his leg or foot. je£j
^Jlkil : The bird moved its wings in flying. je£j signifies the act
of moving the wing; the act of impelling; the act of urging a
340

horse to run by striking with foot or leg. °^Jfr y cJaTj : I
urged the horse to run with my foot or leg. j* Ja£"ji J^j :
The horse was urged to run and he ran. J^Ji ja£j : The man
fled and ran. dy^'y \& p» lit : Lo, they fled from it (21:13).
3Cbf ^ JaTji : Strike and urge (the beast) with thy foot (38:43).

[aor. gf'jt inf. noun He bowed down; he lowered his

head. Imam Raghib adds that it is sometimes to denote humility
and self abasement, either in worship or in other cases; he
prayed. aJJI J\ gfj : He humbled himself to God; he completely
turned towards God and worshipped Him alone. 'j^j'j
Ct£fy : And bow down with those who bow (2:44). ^Jj^iIj
js?C$l : And prostrate thyself and worship (God alone)

with those who worship (3:44). ^flj ( oj^'j and js*^ and ^Tj
are all plurals). Bowing or one who bows down; prostrating
himself in thanksgiving, praying. Oli'j UTlj ^-j : And he fell
down bowing in worship and turned (to Him) (38:25).
aj^Jji : And those who bow down and fall prostrate in Prayer
(2:126). &SsrCA\ '■ And those who bow down and fall

prostrate in Prayer (9:112). The famous pre-Islamic poet
Nabigha says: $jy$ & J' 'j^* i^-" "4^ 4*j J\ £^3 4*j : He
who worships God alone, The Creator of the world, will have a
good plea and will obtain salvation from Him. iLLjl c^"y. The
palm-tree inclined. ^ j also signifies, he became poor after
richness or sufficiency and his condition became lowered or
abased.

[aor. (ji^i inf. noun ^j] fr^sJl ^ : He heaped up, piled up,
accumulated i.e. he collected together the thing and put one
part of it upon another. f If j and ftj and ft\y> and ?j£"y> means
the same thing. f°j£°y> : Passive Participle, f jf °y> : Clouds
piled up (52:45). Ulf j ft : Then He piles them up (24:44).
UlaJT '^S'Ja : And He heaps them up all together (8:38)

j^j [aor. lf°y. and jCj aor. 'J>°y inf. noun Ujf j] &\ ^] ; He inclined
to him or it; he relied upon him or it so as to be or become easy
or quiet in mind; he was or became firm, still, grave, staid,

341

sedate or calm, lj-iife ^JJ' ^] 'j^O : And do not incline

towards those who do wrong (11:114). JjlJi j£j : He kept

tenaciously to the place of alighting or abode and did not

relinquish it. jTj : Side or outward part of a thing; a stay or

support, jJjii j J] tijl jt : Or that I could betake myself to a

mighty support (11:81); a thing whereby one takes support,

such as an army or force or military power, Jjrf : So he

turned away in the pride of his power (51:40); a man's kinsfolk

or clan; a man's people or party; persons by whom he is aided

and strengthened; a noble or high person, <uj3 jtf^l J* :

He is an important person among the great men of his people;

might and resistance; an affair of great importance, a

formidable event; the essence of a thing whereby it subsists.

^iTji means the fundamentals of Prayer without which it

is incomplete.

*, *, * *

[aor. f and ^ jj inf. noun l*y and f j]. j^H f j : He put right the

affair. ibil ^ : He repaired the foundation (and fvj). <wi Jit

: We were the fit persons to put it into a good or proper

state. U4^> f j : He looked at his arrow until he made it even,

ijs-iil : He ate the thing, f»j (aor. f ^ inf. noun £*j and ajj) :

The bone became old and decayed, (Act. Part.): (1)

Decayed and old bone or bones.

j*^ 1 f^ 1 cr^-J «^ j-r 51 r^- J I*'
Verily, by Him beside Whom none knows the secret and Who
quickens the white bones when they are old and decayed. o*
jtj : Who quickens the bones when they are old and
decayed? (36:79); (2) anything old and decayed or worn-out.
^jtxji j»JU j : He revived what had become decayed of good
qualities or practices.

[aor. inf. noun ^j] : He thrust or pierced him with a
spear or lance. ajllJl : The beast kicked him with his hind
leg. £*j : The lightning gleamed with gleams of light. £*j
(plural £Uj) : A spear or a lance, p&^p *Juj : Which your
hands and your lances can reach (5:95). ( ^445 Or*^ : They
342

broke a spear between them i.e. mischief or enmity happened
among them. 1^1 j 0^* ^ (** : They are in league against
the sons of such a one as one man. <~>'J&\ : The stings of
scorpions, oli alu : A fat she-camel.

[aor. inf. noun aij] iji^j : They perished or became like
SUj i.e. ashes. &j : Their life perished. ^1 £>X»j : The

sheep or goats perished by reason of cold, f &j (aor. 1o}j and
x»y) : He destroyed the people and rendered them like ashes.
SUj : Ashes. £)\ oliii 0 iUjT : Like the ashes on which the
wind blows violently (14:19). iU^Ji y£ y : He has many ashes
of the cooking-pot i.e. he is very hospitable.

y>j [aor. yy and yy inf. noun yj] : He made a sign or indication,
he made a sign by movement of the lips, brows, tongue, head,
or hand; allude to. 4$ )^ : He made a sign to him with the lips
or eyebrow etc. »\yi\ : The woman made a sign to him.

Uif : He talked to him by making signs etc.; he talked to
him in whisper. yj : Making sign with the hand or head or by
movement of the eyes or lips; whisper. \y'j Ul abtf : For three
days except by signs (3:42).

[aor. Je*y inf. noun J&>j] Jj»jSlt : The earth became

intensely hot. ti>y jst*j : Our day became very hot. ^.Csi\ ja*j :
The inside of the fasting man became very hot with thirst
owing to heat, j& '■ The month of Ramadhan (month of

fasting). It is the ninth month of the Islamic calendar. Its
ancient name was JjU : It is so called because perhaps when
they changed the names of the months from their ancient
names, they named them according to the seasons in which
they fell and this month ( <5^j or JJU) agreed with the days of
vehement heat. Or it is so named because fasting in this month
causes heat and burning due to thirst or perhaps because
worship and devotion in this month produce in the heart of the
believer that warmth of love for his Creator which burns away
all traces of sins and moral impurities. This meaning is
corroborated by a saying of the Holy Prophet (Asakir and

343

Merdwaih as quoted by Fath-ul-Qadir. & J jit ij^ 6^»j
jljiil: The month of Ramadhan is that in which the Holy Qur'an
was sent down (2:186).

: The pomegranate. j J^j : And dates and
pomegranates (55:69).

i^fij [aor. inf. noun ^j] *^iJb jt i^ijl J>j : He cast, threw or
flung the thing ^jiJi j£ j^-lii : He shot the arrow from the
bow. jijl^Lj alo^ : He cast stones at him; he pelted him with
stones. e~Uj i] e-Uj : And thou threwest not when thou didst
throw (8:18). ^£*°y : Casting stones at them or striking

them against stones (105:5). jJaiiiT jji^ l$il : It throws up
sparks like castles (77:33). aUj : He accused him, calumniated
him. ^Ijjt jiJJ'j : Those who calumniate their wives
(24:7). tj-^foj : He cast an evil imputation upon him; he
accused or suspected him of evil. l4j* f jd p '■ Then imputes it
to an innocent person (4:113). a-aIAj aJJi el^ : God smote him
with a calamity. ajLIJj aU^ : He spoke against him. Vj : A
single throw.

[aor. hif. noun and and CJ*j and and :
He feared or he feared with caution. and iw Caj : He feared
him or it, or he feared him or it with caution. 4**j j' ^ ^ :
In my heart is fear of him or it. h'y^'jt p&'J, (*■* : Who fear their
Lord (7:155). : He or it frightened him or caused him to
fear, or disquieted him or agitated him by frightening. <o <5>»r f
aJJi jlfi : Whereby you frighten the enemy of Allah (8:61).
K»j£>\: He frightened him; he called forth fear of him, so that
men feared him. ^j^a^i j : And frightened them; struck them
with awe (7:117). Cij (inf. noun): Fear, cautious fear. (U-^'j
cJ*^Ji jj> l_S^L^- : And press the arm toward thyself that
thou be not afraid (28:33). 4**j (inf. noun): Fear, cautious fear.
Caj j tej : And they called on Us in hope and fear (21:91)
a-aj (inf. noun): Fear, cautious fear, lajjli a-aj JLii ^Sl :
Certainly, they have greater fear of you in their hearts (59:14).
(plural of 4**Q : Fearing; those who fear or fear with

344

caution; Christian monks; ascetics or religious recluses,
uUaj j ,3»r4rl : Of them are savants and monks (5: 83) CS'ji: He
became i-e. one who devotes himself to religious
practices. : Monkery; monasticism, asceticism; excess in

religious exercise and discipline, or detachment from mankind;
or it may be from o^j signifying " excessively fearful" (as also
~4>£»j). The Holy Prophet is reported to have said: J> *i
fiL>i\ : There is no asceticism in Islam. Again bti
j&\ : The waging of war against evil is obligatory upon
you for it is the asceticism of my people. Uj*lui d K^jj : And
monasticism which they innovated (57:28).

JaAj [aor. Jaijj inf. noun JaAj] ^jifl is-gJji : The people collected. JaAj :
A man's people and tribe consisting of his nearer relations, (U
ak&j : They are his tribe and his people closely related. ^Joa^
Jjl jj j^lip : Is my tribe mightier with you than Allah (11:93);
A number of people less than ten among whom there is no
woman. aJaJi ^ jtfj : And there were in the city a

party of nine persons; a number from seven to ten; or from
three to ten (27:49). The word also means, an enemy.

J^*j [aor. ji>y, inf. noun j^j] : He was or became stupid and
frivolous; he did wrong and abominable things; he told a lie; he
hastened to do a thing, aaa] : It reached or overtook him or it;
he followed him and was about to overtake him; it covered him
or it. fljio Uj aIaj : He did to him that which he disliked. Uil dJu*y.
I committed a sin. ^jJi Aiaj : Debt covered him. *Ji p&a'jj •
And ignominy shall cover them (10:28). a£aj> : He compelled or
urged him to do a thing which he had not the power to do. a£aj'
lUJs : He made wrong to come upon him or overtake him or
befall him. Lidd? : He imposed upon him excessive
disobedience, or he oppressed him with excessive
disobedience, or caused him trouble through rebellion, Ul^i
ijif j udt. : An d we feared lest he should cause them

trouble through rebellion and disbelief, or he should oppress
them by rebellion and disbelief, or he should impose upon them

345

insolence and disbelief (18:81). l^lpiiajl : He constrained him
to do a difficult thing. iS^jw? UajL-j : I shall constrain him to a
difficult ascent (74:18). jaj : Wrong doing; injustice; unjust or
tyrannical conduct; sin; levity; compelling or urging a person
to do a thing which he is not able to do; folly; arrogance;
ignorance. Uaj lJ j JUj *^ : He shall not fear loss or
injustice (72:14).

[aor. inf. noun 5*j or 0*^ J 1 ^ 5*3 : He

deposited the thing with him to be in lieu of that which he had
taken or received from him; he deposited the thing with him as
a security for a debt; he pledged the thing to him or with him as
also fr^lJt isiji . ^aj (inf. noun <$j*j) : He was or became lean
or emaciated. ^\>^ih ji'j : He remained, stayed or dwelt in the
place. ^UJ iuAj : I made my tongue to be as though it were a
pledge to him, to be restrained or used for his sake. jaIj is one
who deposits or gives something with a person as a pledge or
security for a debt he takes from him or in lieu of that which he
receives from him. 5fV is one wno receives that security or
pledge. il» j^Jjl : He received or took some thing from him as a
pledge or security for a debt he incurred from him. jAj and
and : A thing pledged; deposited as a pledge or security in
lieu of or by reason of a debt incurred. 5**J C~*£ Uj <£ja\ :
Every man stands pledged for what he has earned (52:22). *4*j
(feminine of 3-4* j c~~S Uj jjj : Every soul is pledged
for what it has earned (74:39). Also 5 is added to <>*J to give
intensiveness to its signification. is inf. noun from and
means the act of pledging; also the thing pledged being syn.
with •)> : Then let there be a pledge with

possession (2:284).

[aor. £ijj inf. noun : It (a day) was violently windy. £lj
c3 : The wind entered the house. £\j (aor. £l_^ inf. noun
(£jj): It was or became cool and pleasant by means of the
wind. £lj (aor. inf. noun £Q : He was or became brisk,
lively, active, prompt or quick. £lj (aor. £j^> inf. noun l^'jj).

346

f J^ 1 or £'3 • He went to the people in the evening or in
the afternoon, or he went to them at any time. £'j^' (inf. noun)
means both going in the last or latter part of the day and going
at any time of the night or day. Lp-ljjj *j&> Uji* : Its
morning course was a month's journey and its evening course
was a month's journey (34:13). ia^lj : The wind smote it.

fr^iji c'j ( aor - noun ZJJ an( * aor - £M noun £L?) '■

He smelt the thing; he perceived its smell. The Holy Prophet is
reported to have said: i^lj £jj ^ al&ui CJi jal : He who
slays a person with whom he is on terms of peace, or who has
been given pledge of peace, will not perceive the odour of
Paradise, £\j : He obtained from thee a favour.

Jj^i : He drove back the camels in the evening (or afternoon
from their place of pasture to their nightly resting place).

ti'yu y : When you bring them home in the evening
and when you drive them forth to pasture in the morning
(16:7). £jj : A gentle wind; a breeze; breath; joy, happiness;
rest or ease from grief or sorrow; mercy of God. ^jj j* U '*\
aJLJi : None despairs of God's mercy (12:88). '■ A certain

plant of sweet odour; scented herbs; bounty or gift or favour of
God; sustenance. 5^3 J : Then (for him is) comfort and
fragrance of happiness (56:90). 5^3 also means offspring. The
Holy Prophet has used in a tradition the word i.e my

two descendants, about Hasan and Hussain. £jj : The soul,
spirit or vital principle; inspiration; revelation; Word of God;
the Holy Qur'an; angel; joy and happiness and mercy of God.
*4 £33 J ^ '■ Which He sent down to Mary, and a mercy
from Him (4:172) pjjb J# : He (God) sends down the

angels with revelation (16:3) ^*)\ cf ^°J^> : They ask thee
concerning the soul (17:86). <j^jj j* & : And He breathed
into him of His Spirit (32:10). C^j'j 0\ lILjtf : We sent to her
Our angel (19:18) liU> fj&fji : On the day when the

Spirit and the angels will stand in rows (78:39). £jj : The
holy or blessed Word of God, or the Spirit or angel of holiness.
The expressions generally taken to signify the angel Gabriel

347

(2:88). j^h £j^i <o J> : :The Spirit, Faithful to the Trust, has
descended with it (26:194). This expression is also generally
taken to signify the angel Gabriel. £jj : Wind; breath of air
*iali* : Flatulence scent; smell; fragrance. Ja^Ip £jj IgJ :
There overtakes them a violent wind (10:23). lX>jj £4j JU-Sl :
I feel the scent of Joseph (12:95); power, or force; prestige,
predominance; turn of good fortune. C&ti : Your power

or prestige or predominance will depart (8:47); aid against the
enemy or victory or conquest; a good, sweet or pleasant thing.
£Uj (plural). £tj£ll J-»^ t^jJi j* : He is Who sends the winds
(7:58); the plural generally used in a good sense, and the
singular in an evil sense. IfissfclJ ^-S^-Gj c4» it : When thy good
fortune comes or turn of good fortune comes, avail thyself of
them. The Holy Prophet is reported to have said j l^-Uj 1$!**-'
\Juj l$i«rd U : O Lord, make it to be winds and make it not to be
a wind, ^ £* J^u 5^ : Such a one turns with every wind.
aL.^Ji i*^* : Such a one is very generous. j^L- J^-j :
A man who is calm, sedate or staid.

L»j [ aor - J*}< m f- noun J*j] (S^ : He parted his legs or made
a parting between his legs. J> 1*3 : He was gentle in going.
( j*j : Going easily). J^li o ^ : The camels came
following one another or pacing along gently or quietly. ( j*j :
Being still, quiet, motion-less, calm, allayed). ijAj L_&'i J*3
: He did that quietly or calmly, without being hard. ialkpl :
I gave him voluntarily without being asked. jilkJi Iaj : The bird
spread his wing without flapping them. : An intervening
space between two things; a depressed place where water
collects; an elevated place or tract of ground; a way through a
market place, at the sides of which sit the sellers. j*j >y : A
well wide in the mouth; a thing dispersed or scattered; still,
quiet. Jlp »jl : Calm thyself, ja j ^ki : A still rain.

yi^l : And leave the sea motionless i.e. at a time when it is
still and motionless (44:25). j*j 5jl£ : Invaders following one
another; a certain species of birds.

348

iij [aor. Jj^j inf. noun iSjj and iSGj] : He went to and fro; he was
restless; Slj : He sought after or desired the thing, aiiji

(aor. ijjj inf. noun SSiji) i^iJl iljl : He desired the thing; loved
or liked or sought it; chose it; cared for it; or was rendered
careful or anxious by it.

jtf -J, jki U»/i ^ tij

I desire to forget the remembrance of her, but it seems as
though Laila was imaged to me in every road. jl oijli : I
desired to damage it (18:80) llT i-» ohj\ : I desired of him such
a thing. Jjj jl fa % U : Nor do I desire that they should feed
Me (51:58). \X> <o aljl: He desired to do to him or intended him
such a thing. &i ^ Sljl j\ : Or He intends to do you some good
(48:12). j-^ll ilil Ay : Allah desires facility for you (2:186).
Jjl *arj jjJty : they seek the favour of God (30:39). Though
is only from an animate thing, yet it is also used for
inanimate things.

The spear is ready to pierce the breast of Abu Bara, but it turns
away from the bloods of the sons of Okeyl. £l A*J ljl.br igj i^-js
JjmjS : And they found therein a wall about to fall down
(18:78). ^Ili J* 559 : He incited him to do the thing. Sjlj*
and ijlj (inf. noun «j'^) : He desired it or sought it. « jt j
: He deceived him or desired him to do an abominable
thing against his will. yH\ Js- j yh\ cf "j'j : He endeavoured to
turn him away, from or to, a thing by blandishment or by
deceitful arts. ^-Jj ^e- ajSjIj : She desired or sought of him a
sinful act against his will, using blandishment or artifice for
that purpose against his will, or she induced or tempted him to
do the sinful act against his will; she endeavoured to entice him
and to make him yield to her gainst his will (12:24). i^'y^
fllj': We will endeavour to turn his father from him by
blandishment or artifice and to make him yield him to us; or
we will endeavour to obtain him of his father (12:62). ijjl (inf.
noun Sljjl and 1j3) : He acted or proceeded gently or softly or

349

in a leisurely manner, flijji : He acted gently towards him; he
granted him a delay or respite; he left him alone for a while.
lAJjj ji4V' Cf- Jf*^ : So give a respite to the disbelievers and
deal thou gently with them for a while (86:18).

£jj [aor. £jjj inf. noun £jj and £jjj] £w £lj : He was afraid of
him or it. ^Jfl apIj (also apjj) : The affair frightened him; it
pleased him or rejoiced him. apIj also means, it took him by
surprise; it (the drink) cooled it (the heart). <£S\ji c-*lj X>°j3>
: She gave me to drink a draught that cooled my heart. lilii
Jji^ll j^j^- <>? : May God give her to drink from the pool of the
Prophet, ^jj : Fright or fear. £yt- : His fright or fear
departed; war or battle. : He was present in the battle.

fa\'Jt\ jt- CS'i Uil : And when fear left Abraham (11: 75).
£jj : The heart or core of the heart or the part of the heart
which is the place of ^jj (fear). j> jij : that came
into my mind.

£jj [aor. ^j'ji inf. noun ^jj and £ ( j : The game turned

aside or away, or it went this way and that, or to the right and
left quickly and deceitfully, or it turned aside to deceive him
who was behind it. The primary signification of is the
turning aside to deceive him who is behind one. tfte £lj : He
eluded or dodged such a one. JjJsJi £\] : The road deviated,
jilj jjjJe : A deviating road. \2£ : He turned away from

such a thing and returned, concealing his return. JJl {Jj : He
turned aside to such a one secretly. JJl : And he turned
aside or went away to his family secretly or quietly, or he
returned to his family, concealing his return (51:27) gjj
o^jaJb : He attacked him secretly or suddenly smiting him. \
j^Jb £°jj> : Then he turned against them secretly, smiting
them with the right hand, or because of the oath that he had
sworn (37:94).

olj [aor. 44 y. inf. noun 44 j and *4j] : : It (a thing) or he
occasioned in me disquiet or agitation of mind;he made me to
doubt; caused me to have doubt or suspicion or evil opinion or

350

doubt combined with suspicion or evil opinion; he did with me
what I disliked or hated. 34;^ & ^\ >-£*.J. ^ %J : Leave thou
that which causes doubt or disquietude in thee to that which
does not cause doubt (a famous saying of the Holy Prophet).
443 : Doubt; disquietude or uneasiness of mind, calamity. Evil
opinion; false charge of calumny; doubt combined with evil
opinion. £s 44 j U : There is no doubt in it (2:3). 44 j or 44 j
jjUl or 443 : The calamities of time, oj-^ 1 443 *i j&.j* ■
We are waiting for the calamities of time to overtake him
(52:31). 443 also signifies a need or want; an affair or business.

We accomplished from Tihama or from Khaibar every want,
then we gave rest to our swords. &j is syn. with 443- It often
means particularly scepticism in matters of religion, ^jls ^ vlj
: A source of disquiet or doubt in their hearts (9:110). 4 ,, j' : He
did a thing that occasioned doubt or suspicion. tyjl : He put
doubt or disquiet in him. 44/ (act. part.): (Applied to a man
and to a thing or event) That which or who causes doubt,
disquiet or suspicion; an event or affair attended with doubt
etc. v4r° l£ : They are in a disquieting doubt concerning

it (11:111) or in a doubt which causes suspicion. olJj! : He
doubted, p&jfe c-j^j'j : And their hearts are full of doubt (9:45)
jjik ^ Jl ^'Ji : The liars would have doubted (29:49) 4^3^ :
One who doubts; doubting. 4*^ ^ j* <y : He who is
transgressor or doubter (40:35).

j*>lj [aor. jiJjj inf. noun J^j] iitj : He fed him and clad him and
aided him; he stuck the feathers upon it; he repaired it (namely
an arrow) by putting the feathers upon it. ill I Li>\j : God restored
him from a state of poverty to wealth. y'lJaJi J>\j : The bird shed
many feathers. J^,j : Feather, plumage of birds; clothing;
ornament and beauty, or beautiful and elegant dress; plenty;
goodly state; household goods or furniture and utensils of
whatever kind. j£J>\ ii\ : Verily, he is goodly in apparel.
uJjj (i&'j-* ckj'jd d\2 : Raiment to conceal your shame and

351

splendid vesture or dress (7:27).

£jj [aor. ^ inf. noun ^ and i^ijl £13 : The thing increased
cJ-\j : The tree became abundant in its fruit. £jj : It
became rent, : High or elevated place, land or ground or
simply elevation; ^S^°j q : What is the elevation of thy
land; a road; or a road-opening so as to form a gap in a
mountain; a small mountain; the channel of the torrent of a
valley from any elevated place; a Christian's cloister or cell; a
pigeon-turret gtj J£j <5j4j> : Do you build monuments on every
elevated place? (26:129)

(S'j [aor. ^ inf. noun ^j] b ^ ^r^ 1 6 ( j : The thing

overcame him. <Ui Jip aij* jlj : His evil desire covered or
overcame his heart, ilii cJlj : His stomach (soul) became
heavy or became agitated by a tendency to vomit. j\ cj°jJ\ ^ &j
: The death took him away. jlj also means, it (a garment)
was or became rusty or covered with rust, dust or filth, jlj Jj
°p$>°p Jlp : Has rusted their hearts; covered their hearts or
overcame their hearts, or has spread a blackness, dust, dirt
upon their hearts (83:15).

352

J

Za

Numerical Value = = 7

353

^0 jo

j [aor. inf. noun t&'j : He fed him with or gave him fresh
butter to eat. s-lilil Jjj : He agitated the milk-skin or milk-bag in
order (or until) that its butter might come forth. j-lil oojj : I
put fresh butter to the meal of parched barley, (aor. x>°y) tX>j or
*J x>j (aor. ijjj) : He gave him a gift, or a little of his property.
Ijj : Froth, foam, or scum or dross. 4**^ 4$' ^ : As to
the foam, it goes away as rubbish (13:18). iij also means,
taking the best of a thing i.e. its cream. jlAJl AjjJ : The side of
the mouth had froth or foam appearing upon it.

jjj [aor. yji inf. noun y'j]. y>*!\ jf- 'tyj : He prevented him from
doing the thing. s-UJi y'j : He raised the foundation by placing
layers of bricks or stones on one another. jJ\ y) : He eased the
well or walled it internally with stones. Sji^Jb tyj : He pelted
him with stones. JitlJl yj : He chid and repelled the beggar
with rough speech. <J\&1\ y'j : He wrote the book. y 'j : He
bore it with patience, : I read or recited it or did so with a
low or faint voice, ]yj (plural yj) : A writing or book;
anything written; scripture; a book of wisdom and intellectual
service not containing legal statutes or ordinances; section or
party, j^jtfl yj^tyj : And it is surely mentioned in the
Scriptures or religious Books of the former peoples (26:197).
JjO is syn. with yj. The plural of yj is ]y'j and the plural of
JjO is jO- : Signifies particularly the Book of the Psalms
of David, jjijil ^ £xT liij : And We have already written in the
Book of David (21:106). : The Syriac or Hebrew

language, 'yj ^444 j*-*^ 1 : And they split in their affair

between them forming themselves into parties (23:54). iy'j : A
piece of iron or a big piece of iron (plural y'j and y'j) ; the
anvil of a blacksmith; the upper part of the back next to the
neck; the breast. JjJ^I y'j ^ijJl : Bring me blocks of iron
(18:97). y'j : Stones; understanding or intelligence and
self-restraint, xjtftf or as some say yj aJU : He has no
intelligence.

j^j [aor. ,yy inf. noun jjj] : He pushed or thrust it or pushed

355

or thrust it away. SSUt c-uj : The she-camel pushed away the

milker with her stifle joints on the occasion of being milked.

'y>&\ jO : He sold the fruit on the tree. &j'y* jO : He has

withdrawn or withheld his good from us. (Singular •

Armed attendants or officers or soldiers of the prefect of the

police. Syn. with : Angels or guards of the Hell or angels

of punishment because they push the sinners into Hell. {Jk-»

t#jJl : We shall call on the guards of Hell (96:19). : One

who exalts himself or is insolent and audacious in acts of

rebellion and disobedience.

* - i t , i i. ,

[aor. £jj inf. noun £j] : He pierced him or thrust him with

the pointed iron foot of the spear. and ££j and ££j

(singular is "^r^r'j and krUrj and ^r^j) : Glass; pieces of glass;

glass flasks or bottles: Syn. with y,f£. "^r^r'j J> £i~aJi : The

lamp is in a glass (24:36).

yr) [aor. 'fry, inf. noun yrj] tyr) : He chid him by a cry or by
reproof. llT jf- eyrj : He prevented or hindered him from doing
so by cry; as also »y*-*j\ . j^j j *o*3 : He cried out at the
dog that he might refrain. ^Ji\ yr) : He cried out to or at the
sheep or goats vehemently. <J\*JJ\yry~ ££Ji : The wind drives
the clouds, yrj is therefore driving away; driving away with a
loud cry; crying out. )lj ^JlkJl y~'j : He chid the bird,
auguring evil from it; hence yrj also signifies, the auguring
from the flight, alighting places, cries, kinds and names of the
birds. llT <5j£> diyr'j : I have divined that it is so and so. &yrj
°J> U-> : She cast forth (she-camel) what was in her belly, yr)
and iyrj : A cry or shout by which one drives, checks or urges;
driving away or driving away with a shout or cry. iyr) J* Usti
a^-ij : Then it will be one shout or cry of reproach or reproof
(37:20). yr^j : Chider, checker, restrainer or forbidder. JiT
\"yr\) jl^iJb : The Holy Qur'an suffices as a chider. "oyr\j (pass,
part.) ^yr^j (plural). \'yr j ol^-ljJls : Then they drive away
vigorously (37:3). yr^j also signifies a diviner because when he
sees that which he thinks to be of evil omen, he cries out with a

356

high or loud, vehement voice, forbidding to undertake the thing
in question, yr^y) : The crow. *yr'*j\ : He chid him, repelled
him, checked him. yri°j\ : He is repelled, chidden, reproved.
yri'yj '■ A mad man who is drived, repelled, spurned
(54:10). yriy> : Prevention, prohibition; threatening warning.
yriy^Hi : Wherein is a warning (54:5).

l^-j [aor. yryl inf. noun l£j : The thing became urged

along quickly. y$\ Urj : The affair was or became easy and
right. «Uf )l (and and fl^-j): He pushed it gently; he drove or
urged it gently. jr'y : He deferred or postponed the affair.
C>\fxlA\ : The wind drives away or gently drives the

clouds. ^%&\ # : Verily, God drives the clouds (24:44).
Jrj* (feminine «^->») : Applied to a horse or other beast, that is
driven in his pace little by little; a small or scanty thing or such
as is mean or paltry; that may be pushed and driven away. Ufj
(Jaj-jU' : The dirhem passed or had currency or a bad piece of
money had currency because of the little account that is made
of it. fli^i^Utjj : Small or scanty merchandise; little in
quantity or mean or paltry merchandise rejected by every one to
whom it is offered; merchandise in respect of which a lowering
of the price is demanded on account of its badness (12:89).

[aor. inf. noun ~^y*j] ^j^j : He removed him or it from

his or its place or removed him far away. jUi ^ ^j^j j»b : So
whoever is removed away from the Fire (3: 186). <ui& **-y*j '•
He removed him from his place. £j^>° (act. part.). One (or
which) who removes, j* ^y-yU y» : It shall not keep it
away from the punishment. (2:97).

U&-j [aor. a&-y. inf. noun u^-j] : He walked or went on foot little by
little; he walked with slow steps or heavily, with an effort. Syn.
lS i^J : He crept along. J&-j said of a child, means, he went
upon his posteriors little by little. jAAJi J\'JiLii\ J&-j : The army
went along leisurely or little by little by reason of its multitude
and heaviness of motion, to the enemy, i^iil J&-j : He dragged
the thing along gently. : The camel fatigued and

357

^3 tJj

dragged his foot. u£) : An army or a military force marching
little by little or leisurely towards the enemy, or heavily by
reason of their multitude and force and heaviness of motion; a
numerous army or military force. liAj ijyT ^jJl feti lit: When
you meet the disbelievers in battle; or meet them marching little
by little (in consequence of their great number to attack you)
(8:16); or meet them, advancing in force. J*-^ <y J: He fled
from war or from encountering the enemy.

^S^J [aor. ^y-y. inf. noun e4-Ji ^y-j : He adorned,

ornamented, decorated or embellished the house. :
He embellished the speech with lies. &j>-'y> '. He adorned,
decorated himself. 3'y>-y. Gold; any ornament, ornature,
decoration or embellishment or anything adorned or
embellished or embellished with false colouring (43:36). ^^-j

: The ornamented or embellished lies of the speech.
Jjilt : The ornature of speech; gilded speech; varnished
falsehoods; speech embellished with lies (6:113). :
The colours of the plants of the earth or its herbage. JejSli c/£\
ty'j^'y. When the earth receives its glitter or ornature (10:25).

•—'jj [aor. ojji inf noun ojj] ^jj °J> (*4^' 4*53 : He put the young
lambs in their enclosure of wood. ^Ijj (singular ^jj and iljj
and aIjj and aIjj) : Small pillows; carpets; anything which is
spread and upon which one leans and reclines. A poet says:

jJtu-j ijak igj ^ijj c>\i jip *^y>

We are sons of paternal uncle, but there are spread amongst us
carpets underneath which lie concealed vehement hatred and
envious competition. <^jjj : And carpets spread (88:17).
aj°j&> t\^aki\ ^y/j : Carpets of hatred are spread between them.

^33 [ aor - £j>- in f- noun £jj] : He cast seed, ^> : He who

sows reaps. Je>j^ ^jj : He ploughed, tilled or cultivated the
land. oCJi £0i ^jj : God made the herbage and plants to grow
and increase. iiJl : May God render him sound and strong,
ajlii. 3J6 ^j'j : He obtained property after want. ^ ^j^jjj ^ «■

358

^3

Cf^ ( <5j*j'j plural of ^jlj meaning cultivators): Is it you
who grow it or are We the grower? (56:65) (plural of

1 '■ Sowers, tillers or cultivators. ^IjjJl : Delights the
sowers (48:30). ^jj : Seed; seed produce; standing corn and
the like and also after it has been reaped; a sown field. Its
predominant application is to wheat and barley, but it also
signifies plants or herbage as one reaps, ^jj <£* i/y : In a
valley having no cultivation (14:38). ipjj u££ : We placed
between them corn-field (18:33). £jjJl ^ 'fi cJi : He (God)
grows for you corn (16:12). ( ^jjj is plural of pj). jliU j ^jjj

: Cornfields and the noble places (44:27). £jj : Offspring;
children or child. ^jj j* : He or these are offspring of such
a one. The word also means the seed of seminal fluid of a man;
the fruit or harvest of a man's conduct, tfte £jj >S f j!» : They are
offsprings of such a person. t-Jliil £jj £jjJl j^y : Evil is the
fruit of the conduct of a sinner. iPjji : A place of harvest. QjJt

**j>» : The present world is the place in which is produced
the fruit or harvest to be reaped in the world to come.

333 [ aor - inf. noun Jjjj, ^jj, <ijj] He was blue-eyed or
gray-eyed; he was or became blind, iuil 3 jj : The water was or
became clear. Aj-aIj aSjj : He looked sharply at him. Jjjjl (illjj
feminine): Blue-eyed or blind; blind by what is commonly
called a cataract in the eye; the word applied to the blade of an
arrow means very clear and bright. Jjj'ft : Fierce enemy.
JjjjSn : Hawk or falcon, isjj o^r^ 1 ^JtAi : And We shall
gather the sinners on that day, blue-eyed or blind (20:103).

(Jjj [aor. ckjjj inf. noun and fyjj and ajj)* and ajj)^ and Sljji and
b Oj] ^jj and aiji j] : He found fault with him; he derided
him or ridiculed him; he mocked at him. Sly )l also means, he
held him in light estimation or despised him. l$j>°j> : Your
eyes despise (11:32).

^ j [aor. ji^ji and inf. noun and and ^j] : He said or
asserted. llT : He said or asserted that it was thus, either
truly or falsely, mostly used in relation to a thing which is false

359

^3

and respecting which there is doubt or suspicion and the
speaker does not know whether it may not be false, jd-iil *£j

j) : The disbelievers think or assert that they will

not be raised (64:8). lUj : He related a piece of information
not knowing whether it was true or false. Uij sometimes
signifies, he described him or it, and sometimes signifies,
he promised. ^jJl is used also in the sense of j&Jt. p&*y, *k
This is for Allah as they think (6:137). llf ^ : In my
opinion it is thus. It is also used in the sense of belief or firm
belief. llej* Ji*j 'J jl jU^j Jj : But you thought that We
would fix no time for the fulfilment of Our promise (18:49).
<u : He was or became responsible, surety or guarantee for it.

meaning responsible, answerable, guarantee or surety. <u Ui
,J4*j : I am surety for it (12:73). fe'j l_&JL ; Which of them
will guarantee that (68:41). 0 Jl£ : He was or became chief
or lord over a people (aor. ^ji) : He coveted or eagerly
desired.

jij [aor. inf. noun and l^lsj] : He drew in his breath to the
utmost by reason of distress. It originally signifies, he drew
back his breath vehemently so that his ribs became swollen out,
or he sighed or sighed long and vehemently. jLli £>'J'j : The fire
made a sound to be heard from its burning. Jfi°/i\ 9^}: The
land put forth its plants or herbage, ^ij : Sigh; braying of an
ass; a calamity; a misfortune, ^ij is the beginning of the cry of
an ass and of the like, and is the ending there-of, for the
former is the drawing in of the breath and the latter is the
sending it forth, jlf^j^j^^ : For them there will be
sighing and sobbing (11:107).

[ aor - inf- noun and ^J*J an d : He hastened or

was quick. cij : The wind blew gently and continually. <3j
^ftkJl : The bird spread its wings and threw itself. °J> *3j
(i^ii : The people were quick in their walking, j-j^ 1 : He
conducted the bride with festive parade to her bridegroom,
jjijj a3i ijiJli : They came to him, hastening (37:95).

360

ji^j [aor. (ifji inf. noun Uij] Uij : He gobbled it; he swallowed it;
ate it quickly. ^ jSj : The food of the people of Hell; a certain
tree in Hell; any deadly food; a certain tree having small leaves,
stinking and bitter, found in Tihamah. ^jSjJi iy*^ & : Certainly
the tree of Loggum (44:44).

l^j [aor. °J"y inf. noun and j aor. Jf°y inf. noun 5t£j and
(^j] : It increased or augmented; it received increase and
blessing from God; it throve by blessing of God. ^jjJi l£j : The
harvest grew and increased. IT) : The man led a pleasant
and easy and delicate life; he was in a state of abundance of the
goods and comforts of life; he was or became good, righteous
and pure. IT} : The boy grew. (JUi^i Js- yf°y :

Knowledge increases by spending. eij : The land throve
and yielded increase. yt°y U lla : This will not befit thee.

Jf'-$* : Not one of you would ever be pure (24:22).
fllij : He purified him or it, (aor. 'Jty. inf. noun Kgyi) (i^f jdj :
And may purify them (2:130). l$f J J* ^ : He indeed
prospers who purifies it (91:10). ; I attributed purity or

goodness or righteousness to him. ili ^/j : He praised
himself. \°/'y> W : Do not attribute purity to yourselves,

do not praise yourselves (53:33). *fo : He gave the
(poor-rate) from his property, ^y : He became purified; he
purified himself; he endeavoured to attain much piety; he gave
the «£j (poor-rate), ^y °J* \jy* J&i : This is the recompense
of him who keeps himself pure (20:77) as also and ^y.
^y *I*J : That he may endeavour or seek to purify himself
(80:4). SlT) : Increase; augmentation; purity; purification; good
or righteous conduct; religious service; poor-rate; alms; praise;
the pure or best part of a thing. 5 j&"jJi d'yyj '■ And they pay the
Zakat (5:56). <5jM f* : They are active in giving alms or
paying the Zakat (23:5). ij^j j ulJ UU^-j : And tenderness of
heart from Ourself and purity (19:14). ^Tj : Growing or
thriving; who has never sinned, pure from sins; righteous;
growing or increasing in righteous conduct; ^Tj Jsrj : A good
or righteous man; a man leading pleasant easy and delicate life.

361

Jj

lufj (alTj feminine): Good, fat land. l~Tj &>te l_£J :
That I may give thee a righteous son (19:20). : More or
most profitable; better or best; more or most pure; more or
most lawful; good or pleasant; more or most abundant and
cheap: f& Jij\ffis : This is more or most pure for you (2:233).
Uu£ J"j\ \$\ : Which of them has the purest food (18:20). cJbil

alTj iLii: Hast thou slain a pure or innocent person (18:75).

Jj [aor. Jjj inf noun Jj and JJj and JjJj] : He slipped and fell. Jj
Jj^Ji j* : He deviated or turned away from truth. i'yJ- Jj : His
life glided away. <ujki °J> Jj : He made a slip or mistake in his
speech; lij Jj meaning the same. (UUj jls : But if you slip
(2:210). fji Jj^ : So your foot will slip (16:95). iljl and Sfjsil :
He caused or made him to slip. <oi j j£ iijl : He made him to turn
from his opinion. If* O^k^J' U-f'jli : So Satan caused them to
slip therefrom (2:37). p& ^ ^\ '■ Surely, it was Satan

who made or sought to make them slip (3: 156).

JjJj [aor. Jjijj inf. noun iiJJj and Jljij and Jljlj] J^jifl ilJl JjJj : God
made the earth to quake or to quake violently, or put the earth
into a state of convulsion or violent motion. *JjJj : He
frightened him and terrified him. Jj^i JjJj : He drove the
camels with violence or vehemence, ^f^jj 4 J, j^^ f j* 1 ffUi : O
God rout the combined armies and make them quake with fear
(a saying of the Holy Prophet). i^jJ-i ^ JJj 'jijJjj : And they were
violently shaken (33:12). *Jj : A slip. J'jJj : Commotion,
agitation, convulsion, JJj : A slip; a deficiency. 2jjJj :
Convulsion or violent motion; an earthquake or a violent
earthquake ( JjlJjearthquakes; calamities-plural). U\JJ\ aJjJj 5]
pa* t^> : The earthquake of the Hour is a tremendous thing
(22:2).

uiJ j [aor. JaJjj inf. noun UJj and liJj] : He advanced and drew near.
t_i!j : He made, brought or drew him or it near. ctS*A ^-^J 1 -
The Heaven shall be brought near to the righteous (26:91). Siljl:
He collected it together. 'Ji j>H\ p QAj\j : And We collected there
the others and then We brought them near the others to that

362

place (26:65). iiij : Nearness with respect to rank, degree or
station, place or situation (as also JiJj) ; station rank, grade or
degree, iilj LtU : But when they see it near ( Cj) ; (67:28),
as according to some authors it is used in the sense of CJJ
(near); a portion or part of the night. The plural is ui!j which
signifies hours or periods of the night, commencing from the
daytime, and the hours or periods of the daytime commencing
from the night. JIJi UJjj : And in some hours of the night
(that are nearer the day, i.e. at sunset and nightfall (o ji* and
s.\Jj>) (11:115). The word also means a cup or dish. Jiij :
Nearness; rank; degree. JiJjJ Ul*. aJ 5] : And for him was a
position of nearness to Us (38:26). Jiij : Will bring

you near Us in rank (34:38).

JjJ j [aor. jJjj inf. noun jJj] and jJj [aor. jJjj inf. noun jij] jij and
jJj: He slipped, iufj ciij : His foot slipped or did not remain
firm, or fixed in its place. jt&jjJj (and jJj) : He was or
became disgusted with his place and removed to distance. «Jj
Aj&> °jA : He removed him from his place. «Jj (aor. jJJj) and
iijjl : He made or caused him to slip; he caused him to remove
or retire to a distance. j\ flj-i-i : He looked sharply,
angrily or intently at him. j»AjUa)b J&°Jlj$ : Smite thee with
their evil eyes so as to remove thee from thy station in which
God has placed thee, on account of their enmity to thee; would
fain dislodge thee from thy God-given station with their angry
looks; would almost make thee to slip by their look at thee with
extreme hatred, or smite thee with their eyes, or disconcert thee
with their eyes (68:52). jJj 5^ : A slippery place; a place on
which the foot does not remain fixed or firm, liij \x^e> : Bare
slippery ground (18:41). iilj : A smooth rock.

[aor. jiJjd inf. noun ftj] ciitfl : He cut the nose. : He

filled the vessel. ( fi'j singular) : Divining arrows by means
of which the Arabs in the time of ignorance sought to know
what was allotted to them, p'j means an arrow without a head
and without feathers. f^jVb : That you seek to know

363

your lot by the divining arrows (5:4).

[aor. y>y, and s>y„ inf. noun y>] and ^j] : He played upon a
reed. aJU ja) : His property became scanty. y>j also means, he
had little manliness. ay>'j (plural y>'j) : A company of men; a
party in a state of dispersion. \j>j ijjUf : They came in parties in
a state of dispersion, one after another. \y>'j f&r <J\ : To the Hell
in groups or parties or troops (39:72).

J^j [aor. Jijj and J^jj inf. noun JUj] iUj : He bore it or carried it
or he took it up; carried it and raised it upon his back at once,
namely a load; he made him to ride behind him, Js- &>)

i.e. on the camel, or he rode with him so as to counterbalance
him. <oj^ &j : He wrapped him with his garment. : The
bearer of a heavy load i.e. heavy responsibility; one wrapped-up
in garment. Ji>Jl \$k : O thou who art bearing a great
responsibility or thou wrapped up in thy raiment (73 : 2).

^1*3' ^A*) or *J£\ ^jVjI '■ The eye became red by reason of
anger on the occasion of some distressing event. ^>)\ : The
day became intensely cold. &k jJl ^jj : The face grinned so as to
display the teeth; : The star shone, j.j&jti: Intense

cold; hurting cold or (simply) cold; the moon. \i j C~L$> Igls ^j^j U
fy-j&'j '• They will find there neither excessive heat nor
excessive cold (76:14).

Jl^jj %~*>) l^ri 'j* ■ Tempered with ginger (76:18). J4^j :
Ginger.

(•^J or (^j] : ^ ^ : Tne y sent to me tnis adversary in

order that he might contend in an altercation or dispute with
me. Uij : A mark made by cutting off a portion of the ear. ^jj:
The cutting of small portion of the ear of an animal and leaving
it hanging together to serve as a sign or mark; conjoining any
one with a people or party to which he does not belong. :
One adopted among people to whom he does not belong (and
some say) not being needed as though he were a i^Jj ; base,
ignoble or mean; of doubtful birth; the son of an adulteress. ^

364

L_S3'j jJu : Ill-mannered and besides that, of doubtful birth
(68:14).

i^j [aor. [y°y inf. noun and *Uj] l$j Ji j : He committed
fornication or adultery with her. «Uj : He said to him °J>)') Ij : O
fornicator or adulterer, or he imputed to him UjJi i.e. fornication
or adultery. In the proper language of the Arab UjjV signifies the
mounting upon a thing; and according to Al-munawi, in the
language of law it signifies the commission of fornication or
adultery. UjJi : Fornication or adultery. CJj : She committed
fornication or adultery. °j>)y : She commits adultery or
fornication or prostitutes herself. I y.yis : And approach
not fornication (or adultery) (17:33). h>yyA'$ : And they
commit not adultery (25:69). ^JljJl : Fornicator or adulterer as
also (jlj. ^iljJl : Fornicatoress or adulteress; applied to a man, it
has an intensive meaning i.e. one much addicted to fornication
or adultery. j\ jlj III V bljllj i^jiJ jl L;i j III V ^ijll

: The adulterer (or fornicator) shall not marry but an
adulteress or an idolatrous woman and an adulteress (or
fornicatress) shall not marry but an adulterer or an idolatrous
man (24:4). Jjj j\ -y\ ji : He is a son of fornication or
adultery. The plural of o'j is like SUai plural of Jt>$ and the
plural of A-jij is o'jj-

AAj and l»j aor. and i&j aor. iijj inf. noun laj and flilaj]

(J or laj : He abstained from it (meaning from
something that would gratify the passion or senses); he
relinquished it; forsook it; avoided it; shunned it; did not desire
it; he abstained from so as to take the best that was sufficient
thereof, leaving the rest to God. clji J> i&j : He gave up the
world in order to devote himself to acts of devotion. or
^J-aIj and SlAj (singular is i&'j i.e. abstemious; chaste; pious;
religious; abstaining from, forsaking, shunning; not desirous of
worldly pleasures; devoting himself to acts of devotion), ijitfj
^j-aijJi & : And they were not desirous of it (or they set small
store by him) (12:21). JUJi olaj : I computed by conjecture the

365

£^3 £J3

quantity or amount of the property.

j^j [aor. inf. noun j*j : The face shone, shone

brightly or glistened and gave light. i^iJl }»j : The thing was
clear in colour and gave light. jAj j\ J*^Ji ja) : The man was or
became white and beautiful or white and fair in face, o^aj
JfjVl: The land abounded with flowers, iy*) or dlil S^aj : The
beauty and splendour of the present life; its goodliness; its
sweetness and pleasantness; the abundance of its goods or
comforts; dlii Sj^i a^Aj : The beauty of the present life (20:132).

J*j [ aor - mf - noun ^J*j] J*J : Tne marrow of the bone
became compact and full or was in a melting state or corrupt by
reason of emaciation, or thin. Thus the word has two contrary
meanings. JkCJi j*j : The falsehood became weak; perished;
came to naught; passed away; became null and void, lli cJaj :
His soul went forth, passed away; departed; perished; died. jjAji
: Their souls may depart (9:85). JJ?$ jaj : The falsehood
has vanished or departed or perished (17:82). Jtdl J^il :
The truth made what was false to pass away or come to naught,
jjij : A thing passing or passes away or coming to naught or
comes to naught or perishes or vanishes or that which departs.

JJ?CJi 5> : Falsehood indeed perishes or vanishes or
passes away (17:82), as also jA'jJi : A fat animal; a weak, thin
and emaciated animal; a man put to flight; perishing or dying
or one that perishes, dies, departs, passes away; ( <JaIj ja liti :
And lo! it perishes) (21:19); false. aCJi ^ JjAijJi : Water running
vehemently; deep well.

£j j [aor. £j jj inf. noun ^j^] M 1 £jj : He coupled or paired a
thing with a thing; united it to it as its fellow or like. ^rjj
Jj^i : I coupled or paired every one of the camels with another
S'y V. j' f'j^ j' 5 'y' ^"JJ : I married him to a woman; I gave a
woman in marriage to him; I united a woman in marriage to
him. l^Lar jj : We gave her in marriage or wedded her to thee
(33:38). dJrj'j ^>jJui\ lit : When the souls shall be coupled; when
people are brought together (81:8). tfUl j Uljri p&rjjtj\ :

366

He(God) mixes them, males and females; He (God) makes
them of different sorts (or sexes), males and females (42:51).

51^*1 jr jjJ: He married a woman or took a woman in marriage.
tfte °J>, ^jj 2 '■ He took a wife among the sons of such a one.

terjjj : Sleep pervaded him. £jj ( £jj! plural): Any sort of
thing; sort or species i.e. class, ^ft ^ j j ^ ^ c^i\ j : And grows
every kind of beauteous vegetation (22:6). ^ : Some
classes of them (15:89); one of a pair or couple of things (not a
pair), whether male or female and whether among human
beings or among animals or among plants or among any class
of things, *^i> ja lILi^j : And of every thing We have

created pairs (51:50); a woman's husband or a man's wife;
mate; consort; comrade. k*Jl jj j cji : Dwell thou and
thy wife (or thy mate, companion, consort,) in the garden
(2:36). l^-jj ^ J^J : And f rom ^ He created its mate (4:2).

AzrYj ^ : And We cured his wife for him (21:91). :

Species; classes; mates; pairs; companions; wives or husbands.

ft* : Some classes of them (15:89). iStf : And

you shall be three classes (groups or bands) (56:8). ^'jj'j :
They and their wives (or companions) (36:57). kr'jji £i *jj :
And that you should not ever marry his wives (33:54). ji^

l^^jjVl : He (God) has created all things in pairs (36:37).

ilj [aor. ijjj inf. noun : He laid in a stock of provisions for
travelling or for a fixed residence. aijj : He furnished him with
provisions. SyLL? i jjj : He furnished himself with provision for
his journey. Yy^% ijjj : Take the provisions from the

present world for the next world, iij : Provisions for travelling
etc.; any deed, whether good or evil, whereby one provides for
a change of state or condition like as a traveller provides for a
journey. cSjiJi ^'J^- Ife 'j^J^J : And furnish yourselves with
provisions, and surely, the best provision is righteousness (or
that whereby one provides against begging from others (2:198).
Sij also means salutation and returning of a greeting.

jt j [aor. jjjj inf. noun Sjljj and jjj etc.] : He went to him with

367

A3 ^3

a desire to see him; he visited him. jjliuJi ^jj : Till you
come to (or visit or reach) the graves (102:3). «jjj : He treated
him with honour or hospitality, namely a visitor. SatfiJl jj) : He
impugned the testimony and annulled it. jjj : He
embellished his speech with lies; he falsified his speech, jjj
wi ^4 l&f : He prepared speech and measured it in his mind.
>ili> jjj : He adjusted or corrected a thing, he beautified or
embellished it. jjj : He stigmatized himself by imputation
or falsehood, jjj : A lie; falsehood; an untruth; a false witness;
anything worshipped in the place of God; the association of
others with God; a place or places in which lies are told or
where people sit or entertain themselves by frivolous or vain
diversion; judgement; strength; deliciousness and sweetness of
food; softness of a piece of cloth, jjjjl bi^M ^ 0&\j ; Those
who do not bear false witness (25:73). aJ. jjijj : He declined or
turned aside from it. jjiji : It turns away or moves

away from their cave (18: 18).

Jtj [aor. Jjjj inf. noun J'jj etc.] : It went away; departed;
removed; shifted; was or became remote or absent; ceased to
exist; came to naught; it was or became in a state of commotion
or agitation; it moved. J~LiJi cilj : The sun declined from the
meridian. It also sometimes means: The sun set. ^ h\

^'j o4 J *i <Y? li s J 9 j^ 1 J 9 J-^ 1 : Surely, Allah holds the heavens
and the earth lest they deviate from their places. And if they did

deviate (35:42). JC^JiiwJjjJ : Such as to make the

mountains move or to remove the mountains (14:47). j^J' J'j :
The day became advanced, the sun being somewhat high. ^ Jij
c£'jJi : He turned from the opinion. (JIT J*i Jij U : He continued
to do this. **lj£S dJij Ui : This continued, or did not cease
to be their cry (21:16). J'j also signifies: He affected quickness
of intellect. Jijj : Departure; cessation; motion or removal
from its place; end; decline; declining of the sun and its setting.
J 1 jj ch '■ There will be no end or decline for you (14: 45).

^ j [aor. cJjj inf. noun cJj] ks\j : He anointed him with cJj i.e.

368

^3 J>3

oil of the (olive) ; he fed him with cJj i.e. oil. cJj : Oil or
the choicest constituent of the olive; any oil. <$j4j (feminine
Aj°j4j). ~(j^> est '■ From a blessed tree - an olive whose

oil would well-nigh shine (24:36). djH^j j^'j : By the Fig and
the Olive (95:2).

itj [aor. ijjj inf. noun aSljj and llj and : It grew, increased,
augmented. oj^Lm j' ^ ij\ a-^j'j : And We sent him to a
hundred thousand or more (37:148). 'AT f j : It increased in
such a thing, aiij : He gave him an increase or addition. aLi «l 3
: God increased him or may God increase him in good
fortune. a^J^- ^ Ajjj : He adds or exaggerates in his talk, Siljj
jt-l^Jij jj*]! ^ aLIJ : And He has increased him in knowledge
and body (2:248). ^xk^kah^ ; And We increased them in
guidance (18 : 14). i'ij) : It or he grew, increased or
augmented. \"J^ jiii °j\ p : Then they increased in disbelief
(3:91). Jiji Ail iiSjij iij ji: He who gives an addition and he
who takes more, practises usury. 5SU) : Increase; an addition.

J} flilij * cS l~Ji Uj) : The postponement is an addition to
disbelief (9:37). ilj = siiij : Increase; addition; more. £y & Ja :
Is there more? (50: 31)

£jj [aor. jdjj inf. noun j4j and etc.]: He or it declined,

deviated, turned aside from truth or the right path. J~wJi c-pIj :
The sun declined from the meridian. 'j~a2\ £jj : The eye or the
sight became dim or dull, or became weary or deviated. ^ijU
'jl4\ : The eye deviated not (53:18). ji>Ji cf ■ He made
him deviate from the right path, ]*°J\ : He put the man in
doubt or crookedness or made him deviate, jdj : A doubting; a
declining or deviating from the truth; perversity. ^jfe ^ ^AJi
jdj: Those in whose hearts is doubt, perversity or swerving
(3:8). j&'ji tfJi £131 \'J>\'j Uil : When they deviated, God made
their hearts deviate (61:6).

Jlj [aor. Jijiand J4jj inf. noun Jjj] <ui& ^paJIj : He put it away from its
place; removed it or separated it (as also tfiji). ilT J*i^ II3 :Zaid
did not cease, or continued to do such a thing. ^j^li* oj^'ji ^ : They

369

will cease not orwill continue to fightyou (2:218). Ijjj <s&\ J'ji *i
~& j : The building which they have built will continue to be a source of
disquietintheirhearts(9:110). itsti&j JljU :Zaid continued to remain
standing. The verb Jljtf and Jljjft is used in the manner of jlf in
governing the noun which is its subject in the nom. case and the
predicate in the accusative case as shown above, itfj : He separated it
(a company of men) widely or dispersed it (differing in degree from
ii'13). ^bid> : Then We shall separate them widely (10:29). J*jJ :He
became separated. IjJjJj °J : If they had been clearly separated (48:26).
Jfj> °J> j^lj Ui: Youcontinuedtobeindoubt(40:35).

j'j [aor. inf. noun and jO [aor. ^jj inf. noun j^ijJ] and

: He or it adorned, ornamented, decked, garnished, embellished,
beautified, graced him or it. 4jj also means: He made it appear
beautiful, it was his pride, he commended it to him. IfieLlAs igJ jdj
^UpI : Satan commended their evil deeds to them; he made then-
works appear beautiful to them (16:64). £U-Ui Ljj : We have
adorned the lowest heaven (37:7). al£j: A thing by which or with which
one is adorned, ornamented, decorated, decked, embellished,
beautified or graced, or by which one adorns himself; an ornament,
ornature, decoration, embellishment, grace or the means of beautifying,
adorning etc; beauty: Beauty is of three kinds, namely, mental, such as
knowledge or science, and good tenets; and bodily, such as strength
and tallness of stature, and beauty of aspect and extrinsic, such as
wealth and rank or station or dignity ( ^jplural). All these kinds are
mentionedin the Holy Qur'an (57:21 ; 24:32 and 18:47). S£jl
: The finery, ornature, show, pomp or gaiety of the present world which
includes wealth and children. 3Jj oj^'j JUJl : Wealth and

children are an ornament of the life of this world (18:47). *4j :
The ornature of the earth, meaning the plants, herbage etc. (18:8). f j*
: The day of Festival (20:60).

370

12

J 4

Sin

Numerical Value = 60

371

j*> It is one of the letters termed i^jifr (or non-vocal, i.e.
pronounced with the breath only, without the voice); and of the
letters termed because proceeding from the tip of the
tongue: Its place of utterance is between that of jp and j. It is
one of the letters of augmentation. It is sometimes substituted
for jp and for J> and some of the Arabs substitute it for o. In
36:2 J~*>\j may mean jLlsi G i.e. O man or perfect man or il~>ij
i.e. O leader or perfect leader. j» is a particle peculiarly
prefixed to the aorist rendering it clearly denotative of the
future. Jj*4->: He will do such a thing, Jji~-> : The foolish

will say (2:143). It is not contracted from <3j~> contrary to what
the Kufees say; nor is the extent of the future with it shorter
than it is with contrary to what the Basrees hold. Some
assert that it sometimes denotes continuance, not futurity:
jj-Ws-o : You continually find others (4:92).

Jl~»> [aor. jllj inf. noun Jlj^ and a£Iwo etc.] La JL> jiafu : He asked,
begged, questioned or inquired of him. JUJi il* JU* : He asked
or demanded property of him. ^jJL6L> li] j : And when you
ask them for anything (33:54). L» aJU : He asked, questioned
etc. him respecting such a thing. £Sij oii* JiU JU> : An inquirer
inquires concerning the impending punishment about to befall
(70:2). lJO'C ijij : When My servants ask thee

concerning Me (2:187). jt- L_So^LlJ : They inquire of thee
concerning the soul (17:86). OUJi aJJi cJU : I begged of God
health. or J^j (imperative): Ask; inquire; beg; demand etc.

JL;|^I ^ JJ : Ask of the children of Israel (2:212). j$\ a#Jl J^j
t^i : And inquire of the people of the town wherein we were
(12:83). ijJ s-L-J : They asked, begged, one another, J-s' j

^ jojo ^s- : And they disputed with one another. They
will dispute with one another (37:28). <5jJ ^ : Concerning
what do they question one another (78:2,3) L_&jJ j\ l_£)i_^> ; A
petition; an object of desire; a request or a thing that one has
asked or begged. <J*j^i ^-&j^> cJjj< & : Thou hast been granted
thy petition or the thing thou hast asked for, O Moses (20:37).

Jjtli (an infinitive, often used as a subst.): A question; an

373

inquiry; an interrogation; a demand or petition. Jtj-lj t_£Uk> jis
Jl] l_^«3 : He has wronged thee by demanding thy ewe in
addition to his own ewes (38:25). Jili : An asker, inquirer, a
beggar; seeker of knowledge; ^j^AJij ^s\JJi : For one who asks
and one who cannot (51:20). j*&~-> (and 6jkli plural). Beggars,
inquirers etc. oli^Ji J> j j^jtUlj : And those who ask for charity
and for ransoming the captives (2:178). J)s-1« ( oj^j^ plural),
(pass, part.): A person or a thing, who or which is questioned
about. jlf" J#i\ Si : Surely, covenant shall be qustioned

about (17:35). oj^j^ <*4>\ ■ They shall be questioned or called
to account (37:25). llili : A question; a problem or proposition
(Jill* plural).

j»~*> [aor. (ii-lj inf. noun ^d] ^ jt Ufi : He turned away with
disgust from it; was disgusted with or at it; he loathed it; was
averse from it; became tired or weary of it. i\s-s & <5 l ■~ J, ^

: Man does not tire or become weary of praying for good
(41:50). ijillJ ^4 V aJJi h\ : God does not become weary
unless you are tired of it (a tradition).

<—*~ >> [aor. inf. noun C~>] '4~> '■ He cut him or it; he wounded him
or hamstrung him; he pierced him in the buttock; he abused,
reviled, vilified or defamed him. C-> : He reviled or vilified
him much. *JL31 oji & c)^ 1 J^ 3 ^ '■ Revile not those whom
they call upon beside Allah (6:109) ( 4^ inf. noun): He
vilified, reviled, abused, defamed etc. him, being reviled etc. by
him. jli pLJJ\ : The reviling or mutual reviling of the
Muslim is transgression (a tradition). y>^\ Cl~> : He made or
appointed or prepared a means, a course of attaining the thing:
C^> tfjt CJ~> : May God make for thee a means of
attaining good, is'y^ *Uii Cl" : He made or prepared a channel
for the water. : A rope or cord; a wooden peg; a thing of
any kind by means of which one attains or reaches or gains
access to another thing; road; a way; *lwJl J\ hl+Ji : Let
him stretch a rope to the roof or ceiling i.e. let him die
strangled or die of rope; let him find a way to heaven (22:16).

374

ll^jii : Then he followed a certain way (18:86); a cause or
reason or relationship or a connection or tie or a means by
which a thing is brought about. ll> j^A i-4*1 : We gave
him the means to accomplish every thing (18:85). li» 4*5-" :
This is the cause of this; (•I'll' plural), oll"^ o*kaJj : And
all their ties shall he cut asunder (2:167). oCl>Vl ^ : That I
may attain to the means of approach (40:37). The word also
means, life. lllil ^ ilii ^kl : May God cut short his life. oil'
olj^oJl means, the places of ascent of the heavens, or the tracts
or regions or the gates thereof (40:38).

[aor. c 4 - ° "-i inf. noun ell] : He rested; he abstained from work
(as also olli); he was or became motionless; he entered upon
the Sabbath; he kept the Sabbath i.e. he performed the
ordinances of the Sabbath. h'f^A. ^ f y, j : And on the day when
they did not keep the Sabbath (7:164). ell also means, he
slept. fr^iJl oil : He cut the thing or put a stop or end to it or
intercepted or interrupted it. La'j oil : He shaved his head; he
swooned; he died. oil : He struck his neck so as to
decapitate him. ell : Rest, freedom from motion, oil!' and fj»
ollil : The Sabbath or Saturday. It was so called because the
Jews ceased work on this day and took rest. It is the sacred day
of Jews as Friday is of Muslims and Sunday of Christians. ^iJi
ollil J»{&* 'j'k* 1 : Those amongst you who transgressed in the
matter of the Sabbath (2:66). ell also means, a week; from the
Sabbath to the Sabbath. bll» QijU : We did not see the sun
for a week. It also means, a period; a long period of time or a
long time, syn. with *J>s ; £l cJJ\ : I stayed or dwelt for a long
time; swift or an excellent horse that runs much; a boy of bad
disposition and bold, or daring; an intelligent or cunning man;
a man who sleeps much, oil primarily signifies "rest" and
hence "sleep" or heavy or light sleep (slumber); or first part of
sleep. lkl> (i&ji j : And We have made your sleep to be rest
for you. oil lul :The night and day. oil also means, time; or a
long time, syn. with oil.

375

^5-o [aor. ^4 inf. noun and &-\~?] *UJb j s-UJl ^ ^> : He swam
in the water and took pleasure in it. Syn. with ^jp. But
according to some there is a difference between fj* and
the former signifying the coursing along in water with
immersion of oneself and the latter, "coursing along upon water
without immersion of oneself. ^Slai\ J> fj&fi : The stars
swim or glide along or pass along in the firmament with a
spreading forth. Cij^i ^-f& J> : All glide or travel along
smoothly in their orbit (21:34). jiilij :
Thy fame has travelled as far as the sun and the moon. also
signifies the running of a horse in which the fore-legs are
stretched forth well like as are the arms of a man in swimming;
being quick or swift; being or becoming remote. J> :

He went or travelled far in the land. Jsr^l : The man busied
himself in his affairs or in earning his subsistence. J>

He occupied himself in the accomplishment of his
needs. % Je t*4~» jlfJt J> 5] : Thou hast in the day a long chain
of business (73:8). also means, he slept; he became still or
motionless. Jt>°fi\ J> : He dug in the earth. J> ^» : He
talked much and fluently. *JJ *JJi ^» ( inf. noun £4~~0 : He
declared God to be far removed or free from every imperfection
or impurity or defect, and he magnified, celebrated, lauded or
glorified or praised God by the mention of His names, saying
Jjl jUili and the like, or to betake oneself quickly to the service
of God, and to be prompt in obeying Him. oj!»-lJl j> U Jj £LJ
jp°ji\ J> Uj : Whatever is in the heavens and whatever is in the
earth glorifies Allah (64:2). hV^-^t ^ J '^j^4 '■ They glorify
Him and prostrate themselves before Him (7:207). ^-4 : He
prayed, particularly, he performed the supererogatory prayer.

also means, he made an exception by saying &\ £ti> Ci\ i-e.
if God will. Ci'jA^J V ji : Why do you not glorify Him; (68 : 29)
why do you not say £0t s-U <jl i.e. if God will. jlAl^i = 4JJ1 ^J" 1
iuilli : I declare God to be far removed or free from every
imperfection, defect, impurity and I magnify, celebrate, glorify
or praise Him. Sometimes this word implies wonder and

376

aAJi may well be rendered how far is Allah from every
imperfection etc. jJuJi ja til U j Jjl ^U^J : And Holy is Allah,
and I am not of those who associate gods (with Him) (12:109).
Some derive this word from £LlM as signifying "the
swimming", or "being quick", or "being or becoming remote".
So o^4-> denotes quickness in betaking oneself to God and
agility in serving or obeying Him, and therefore may be
rendered, "I betake myself quickly to the service of God, and
am prompt in obeying Him". ^>C> (plural Cij^uL> and sS>il» and
£C») active participle: A swimmer or swimming. The word
also applies to a horse which runs quickly; that which stretches
his fore-legs well in running like as one does the arms in
swimming. is its plural, meaning swift horse. l*SC>

(feminine of Its plural is oiAjU and £*lj-», which may

mean the stars; the ships; the souls of the believers. The word
may apply to the companions of the Holy Prophet or to all true
Muslims. t*4~» oiAjLISi j : And by those who glide along swiftly
(79:4). ( oj^r— • and arc plurals): Act. part, from

t)°y*l~- iii Lit j : And we are verily those who glorify
God (37: 167). & $ & V'fi ■ And had he not been of

those who glorify (God) (37:144), £I^lj(inf. noun of £^>) :
Declaring God to be free and far removed from every
imperfection etc. and glorifying Him. '^^> pi* & Js :

Each one knows his own manner of prayer and glorifying
(God) (24:42).

Ja-^o [aor. Ja^4 and Jal- aor. Jall< inf. noun Jal^i or &~>>\ 'j>1$\ -k-~-> :
The hair was or became lank, not crisp or loose and hanging.

Jali : The rain was falling consecutively and was copious
and extensive. Thus Ja-J has the idea of length and
extensiveness. JiQ\ Ja~-> j* : He is generous and liberal. JaL> : A
grandchild; according to some the word is used more
commonly for a daughter's child as against V£p- which
signifies a son's child; a distinguished child; a tribe of the Jews.
4JJ1 Sj^>j o^-^'J cr**^ '■ Hasan and Hussain are the two
grandsons of the Prophet of God. ip is plural, meaning

377

grandchildren, progeny; a people. c£jLaS jl iS}a i^ilT iCiSlij :
And the children and progeny were Jews or Christians (2:141).
UiilkOflj^^ji : Twelve tribes, distinct peoples (7:161).
J4-^ : The trees having many branches but one root.

[aor. £4 and ^4 inf. noun £-■>] °<J^> : He was or became
seventh of them; he made them, with himself, seven; he made
them, they being sixty-nine, to be seventy with himself; he took
the seventh part of their property. ijJjJi ^ : The infant had its
head shaven and a goat sacrificed for it on the seventh day.
°*^Jl>\ lJM\ : The wolf tore to pieces and ate the sheep. He
stole it; he shot at him, namely a wolf, with lance or missile of
any kind; he reviled him or he bit him with his teeth as does the

i.e. wild beast. and and ^Llii (plural and

^jli) : The animal of prey; the rapacious animal or whatsoever
has fang and tearing claw (or canine tooth with which it attacks
and seizes its prey such as the lion, the wolf and the leopard.

ja £1S\ : The bird of prey which only eats flesh, jllii jf I U j:
What an animal of prey has eaten (5:4). **I~> : Seven. Jbrj
Seven men. oi y\ IjL* $ : It has seven gates (15:45).
(feminine). oU-?> : Seven fat cows (12:47). & £~»:

Seven, oft-quoted verses (15:88). oj*^ and : Seventy or
seventy or more; many. S^j : Seventy men (7:156).
ty> : Seventy or many times (9:80). : Seven heavens and
seven earths. Al-Fazak says: Js- jpJ& iliij ^Ui 3\*\ JCfj
^ ^'j Ijl Cj^^'i '■ And how can I fear men when God is
holding men and the seven heavens and seven earths in the
palm of His hand? also means seven or more. g& :
Seventh. : Seven days; a week.

[aor. inf. noun £jl^>] : The life became pleasant

and plentiful. : The thing became complete or full.

tjX> Jjl: He tended towards and reached his town. : He
made it complete, full, ample, ojili ^ : He made the garment
wide or long. £Ui £a : God completed or made ample

His boon upon him. ki*i ; He (God) has completed

378

His favours upon you (31:21). *-j-i»jJi j^i (inf. noun £_l~-j) : He
performed the ablution completely and fully. a*jU> Ltji ^-J : He
put on an ample coat of mail = a*jI~> ^ji : A wide and long
or ample coat of mail. (oUjU and plural). oUbU Jipl ji :
Make full-length coats of mail (34:12). S^a* : A copious
rain. **jI-> U*j : A full, complete, ample favour or boon.

Jj~° [aor. jIIj and j^-Ij inf. noun jp] : He preceded him; he
was or he went ahead of him; he outstripped him; he had
precedence of him; he did it before him; he was or became
first, foremost or beforehand; he was or became one of the first
or foremost, jUj^b jjjJi • Who preceded us in faith
(59: 11). jsJM j* ^ °cyt ^ °{>X^& : No one in the world ever did
it before you (7:81). Jjiiu iv> : He said before he said
anything. JjilU *i : They do not say anything without His
having taught them; they do not say until He has said it (21:28).
^A&l La : Speech proceeded previously from him. ^

aIIi ji : Had it not been for an ordinance of Allah that had
gone before (8:69). ^ Jl* : He had predominance over
him in such a thing. ^XV 1 cs? f^J* : He overcame his

people in generosity. : He overcame him in going ahead;
he strove, or contended, with him to outstrip him, or have
precedence of him. 'aSfa : I strove or contended with him
to precede him and I overcame him in doing so. \Jaj> Jll ijijU :
Vie with one another, try to outstrip each other, in seeking
forgiveness (57:22). Jfesilj JjL-J : He strove or contended with
another to be or go ahead, o^ 1 : They both raced to the
door (12:26). j^-ls £*i : We went forth racing with each other
(12:18). oIjIaJi : Vie with one another in good works

(2:149). JhL-> (djA>.^> and j£>& plurals) : Preceding or going
ahead; one who goes ahead or precedes or outstrips others, fa*
of^Jb : Of them are some who outstrip others in doing
good (35:33). jj^llJl jj^llJlj : The foremost, they are the
foremost (56:11). iiU- (feminine), and plural is oLLU : Those
beings or angels etc. that excel others. \£^» cXU U : By the
beings or persons completely excelling others (79:5). ^ (inf.

379

noun). \X» jLj ii : To him belongs priority or precedence
in this affair. <jjll« (pass, part.): One who is outstripped or
outrun or excelled. j3°£>j> (plural). o^j^-h I* j : And We
are not to be outstripped (56:61).

J-~o [aor. Jllj inf. noun *>LL->] a JLi : He abused or reviled him. jl-
JUil : He spent the money in the way of religion or cause of
Allah, or dedicated it to charitable purposes, ajjj : He
dragged along his garment on the ground. s-UJi J~l»i : He poured
forth the water. JI^> : A way, road, path; an easy, wide or open
or a conspicuous road. J4~J l£l j : It lies on a way that still
exists (15:77); manner, method, means and ways. Jl~> ^ . w Jj
jl^*-*^ : And the way or method of the sinners may become
manifest (6:56). *lJi JLJ : In the cause of the religion of God;
cause of God; any righteous or good cause; holy war;
pilgrimage; campaign to spread truth; search of knowledge etc.
Jjl ^ °J> : And spend in the way or cause of Allah
(2:196). fc* : The way of the believers (4:116).

ili^Ji : The path of rectitude. J4~>: The way of

righteousness (7:147). J^li' : Right way (16:10). ^»
ojttftl : The way or cause of the Evil One (4:77). The word
J4~" also means, blame; cause of reproach. Js- U

: There is no blame or cause of reproach against the righteous
(9:91); plea or argument J4~> ^ JJJ : You have no plea or
argument against me. ll*" Jjiii <jl u£~-> : We are fit or worthy to
do this. Jl~> J>, j*2 : No blame attaches to us in the
matter of the unlearned people (3:76); it also means, a means of
access; a connection. %~*> Sy»*)\ £>Xks\ : O would that I had
attained, along with the Messenger, a means of access (to
God); or a way to safety or truth (25:28). Jl~> also means, a
public drinking fountain. j£i (plural): Ways, methods etc. Jli
jlDl : The paths of peace (5:17). j^Ul : You cut the

road for the travellers (29:30). J^lli^i : The wayfarer or
traveller or one who travels much or often, or the traveller who
is far from his place of abode, or the traveller who is stranded
in the journey, or a person who leaves his home for a good and

380

laudable purpose (2:216).

C— « [aor. c-1j inf. noun e~>] *sJ : He accused him or charged him
with a fault or defect. Ja-» (masc) meaning "six", oj^-lil

Jg« Jsj^ij : He (God) created the heavens and the earth in
six days (7:55). and &L> : Seventy. uXl^ jls-y »UtU : The
feeding of sixty poor people (58:5). also means, sixtieth.

jX-*> [aor. inf. noun and ijz~> jl s^iJl }sJ : He concealed
or hid the thing; he covered it. Sl^iJl Ojii : The woman was or
became modest or bashful. j^Z>\ : It was or became veiled,
concealed or covered; it covered itself. j~h aJJi jxuJ "$ fcte :
Such a one does not protect himself from the displeasure of
God i.e. does not fear God. h'ijr^ 3 ^ J : And you did not
fear (while committing sins) (41:23). jl* (and «>^>): A veil; a
curtain; a screen; a covering; a covert; anything by which a
person or thing is covered, or concealed; a protection. ^ J*^ (tf
lja-» l^jji : We had placed no veil or screen for them against

it; We had made no shelter or protection (18:91). &\ lJoa

flj~- : God rent open, or may God rend open his veil or make
known his vice or faults; or may God disgrace him. js-> also
means, fear, modesty orbashfulness, intelligence. *i j j~> :
He does not possess modesty nor intelligence, jjali : (pass,
part.): Hidden; covered. ijjs^J : A hidden barrier or veil
(17:46). Ijjx-U IjI^- also means a veil covered by another veil,
implying the thickness of the veil.

•X^u-o [aor. X^JJ inf. noun : He was or became lowly, humble

or submissive, bending himself down; he prostrated himself,
putting his forehead on the ground. aJ : He submitted to
him; he saluted him; he paid respect to him or magnified him.
IjJLjLJ |oS : Submit to Adam, and they all submitted
(2:35). The ij^> of inanimate things to God, we understand as
denoting obedience to that whereto they are made subservient
and as a fact to be believed without inquiry into the manner
thereof, oj^-lil J> U *h j : And whatever is in the heavens
submits humbly to Allah (16:50). and IjJ^> : A single act

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of V£lL>. JLtLj (act. part.): Being humble, lowly or submissive,
prostrating oneself. UJlsjli^-Ui : Prostrating himself and
standing (39:10); one who prostrates himself. The plurals of

are and and ojl^Li and ^j^r^. y^Ji i^-Ui
Such a one is humble, low. f)*~Jl ^Ty'j : And those who bow
down and those who fall prostrate in Prayer (2:126). oC^ I jjUal
ll*^ : And enter the gate submissively (2:59). j*J*-t~* ^ ( J*^ :
Fall ye down in submission to him (15:30). ^jJ^-CS\ 6j*C$' :
Those who bow down and who prostrate themselves (9:112).
I'y^L (plural of 3*rli as shown above), a^ti : A languid
eye. i°y*lA\ J\ h'p'A. '■ They will be called upon to prostrate
themselves (68:43). It also means prescribed prostrations. j0 j
s°j^Jj\ : And after (prescribed) prostrations (50:41). l*yJJ> : A
house of Prayer; a mosque; jup : At every place of

worship (7:30). X*rLJ> (plural of I*-La) : Places of worship. 5]
*JU I JbrUUJl : All places of worship belong to Allah (72:19).
£«Ur : A mosque in which a congregation assembles to perform
the Friday Prayers. ^jAJi j^JJS\ : The Sacred Mosque i.e. the
Ka'ba (2:145). ^irftfl o^jiK : The Distant Mosque (17:2).
jl^liJl : The two mosques i.e. the Ka'ba and the mosque of the
Holy Prophet at Madina.

j9^> [aor. 'f^A. inf. noun yr«^ and S^Jli] ^Jl iUJi : The water
filled the stream, jjlxll : He filled the oven with fire and
heated it; he kindled fire in the oven. iUJi^J : He opened a
way to the water; he made the water to flow forth. j> >UJl
<uU : He poured the water into his throat. oj^JJ jLli Is :
Then in the Fire will they be burnt; then into the Fire they are
poured (40:73). 'J*^ : The sea stormed and its waves rose.
d>'j£J* ilj : And when the seas are made to flow forth one
into another, thus become one ocean, or when the seas shall be
set on fire; shall become without water; when the seas shall be
filled with fire; shall meet together and become one ocean
(81:7). ]°j^J> (pass, part): (1) filled. jUb : Filled with

fire; (2) made to flow forth; (3) empty; (4) kindled; (5) still or
quiet or still and full at the same time. S^j^JJ ^ : A full eye.

382

3j^-1wo Ci^ : A dog having an iron-collar upon his neck, jAJJij
jj*JUJl ; And by the swollen sea (52:7).

Jj»s~o [aor. J^-1j inf. noun J^] £UJi : He poured forth the water,
jljiil J*«J : He read the Qur'an continuously. <^s»U0i J*J: The
judge decided the case judicially and recorded the sentence in
the judicial record. : The judge decided

judicially against him and recorded his sentence in the judicial
record. <u J*~> : He threw it from above. ^ J*~> : He
rendered him notorious^ by reason of such a thing and
stigmatized him with it. J*~> : A writing; a roll or scroll for
writing upon or written upon; a written statement of contract
and the like; a judicial record; an edict; a recorder; a scribe; a
notary. J^-^ 1 {J 3 ^ '■ As a recorder rolls up a written scroll
(21:105). J4^ : Stones like lumps of dry or touch-clay; or
stones of clay. means J*~> i.e. of what had been

decreed for them that they should be punished therewith. $J?~>
means the same as c^^- It is also sai d to be from
meaning Hell, the j being changed into J. According to some
J4^j? also means, many and hard; continuous and lasting
(11:83).

j^-o [aor. inf. noun : He imprisoned him. <y*~>:

He kept his anxiety secret, did not reveal it. : A prison,
^^li' : And there entered with him in the prison (12:37).

and : Imprisoned. jsi)*-^ (plural of 5j^L«).

^I^LUJl ^ tJ^cf'i : I shall make thee one of the imprisoned
(26:30). j£~> : A register or book in which record of the evil
deeds of the wicked is said to be kept in the other world. 4^
JJ^ °J£ I ji^jjji : The record of the wicked is in Sijjin (83:8). The
word also means, anything hard, vehement and severe;
continuous, everlasting.

l^s~o [aor. j^Ij inf. noun and j*~>]. J*-* lil JJ'j : The night

was or became silent, quiet or still; became dark, or its
darkness extended or was or became continuous, or it was
covered by its darkness (93:3). cJ^» : The wind became calm.

383

c-^t*> [aor. inf. noun CJ^] <C^> ; He dragged or drew it along

upon the ground, v 1 ^ 1 { ~~?*~' : The wind drew along the
dust upon the ground. J> h'y^A. '■ They will be dragged

into boiling water (40:72). ifo : He came walking

haughtily. Jsrpt CJ*~> : The man ate and drank vehemently.

(singular X>\^>) : Clouds (so called because the winds
draw them along). r&'j 0 * '■ The cloud rained upon them.

f°J"J> 'jJj* : They say: "Clouds piled up" (52:45)

C**u*> [aor. cJ^4 inf. noun 6w] : He earned unlawful money. cAi
: He removed his hair utterly in shaving. yt> *AiJl
(lAJUl: He peeled off the fat from the flesh. Je°/i\ **j Cxi : He
effaced the traces from the face of the earth (as also cJL*> and
cJtJ*\). : He destroyed him or it; he destroyed it or him

completely; he exterminated it; he distressed or afflicted him;
he slaughtered him. fe&xlls : He (God) will completely

destroy you by some punishment (20:62). dJJ» and cAi : A
thing that is forbidden, prohibited or unlawful, or what is
disapproved or foul of gains; any property that is forbidden, not
lawful to be gained nor to be eaten; anything forbidden or
unlawful and of bad repute. It is also applied to signify a bribe
that is given to a judge and the like. cJJji <5j^' : Devourers of
forbidden or unlawful things (5:43). The word also means, little
or small in quantity or number; paltry, mean, or inconsiderable.
cAi #U : His property may be destroyed with impunity;
cAi: His blood may be destroyed with impunity. c-Ai JU : A
property destined to be destroyed. cAi : A man who has a
big belly and is much fond of eating and is not satisfied with it.

j?f-*> [aor. 'f^i inf. noun y*~>] : He hit or hurt his heart.

\X> jt- : He turned him from such a thing or <*#fj i.e. from his
course, way or manner of being. j*-^> : He was turned from his
course. jj^^Jj^U : How then are you being turned away from
your course (23:90). : He turned him from hatred to love;
he enchanted or fascinated him or it; ij^> : He enchanted or
fascinated him much. *4*\ '/J* : He enchanted or fascinated his

384

eyes. j->bJi {Js-\ ijj^w : They enchanted the eyes of the people
(7:117). *&rjjf- Vj&\'Jx^» : He (the enchanter) apparently
turned the thing from its proper manner of being, making what
was false to appear in the form of the true and the real, causing
the thing to be imagined different from what it really was. t'j***
"U"^ (as also tjk^) : He caused him to incline to him by his
soft or elegant speech and by the beauty of its composition.
l^U^-ld : By which to bewitch us (7:133). : He

deceived, deluded, beguiled, bewitched or outwitted him.
oljijlj ^UJaJ b : He fed him and diverted him from the feeling of
want with food and drink. ; He gilded the silver. y*~>

^\ 'jeuA\ : The rain spoiled the clay and the earth or dust so
that it was not fit for use. ^i,//w : He removed to a
distance or went far away from the affair. : The turning of
a thing from its proper manner of being to another manner and
hence enchantment or fascination, for when the enchanter
makes what is false to appear in the form of truth, and causes a
thing to be imagined different from what it really is, it is as
though he turned it from its proper manner or being; or the
producing of what is false in the form of truth; any event of
which the cause is hidden, and which is imagined to be
different from what it really is; embellishment by falsification
and deceit; magic; sorcery. It denotes also corrupting and
marring; a crafty device; craftiness; mischief; skilful eloquence.
s *j*-~> jW 1 & b\ '■ Verily, there is a kind of eloquence that is
enchantment (tradition); skill; science; ft* & ^j^Ji j* l& fta ^
ja db' : He who learns a process of astronomy, learns a
branch of science, (tradition); jk^ also means food, nutriment.
jk** ji d4* : Superabundant rain. jk^i\ t/^ 1 liy^i '■ Teaching
people falsehood and deception (2:103). ^ja* jk~j ij ibf : They
brought forth a great magic (7:117). ^-bi (plural i'jkJ and
Oj^-bi): An enchanter; a magician; a sorcerer. ^-bJ \£» 5' :
Surely he is a skilful magician (7:110) h°^-°jt »jkli\ ibfj : And
the magicians came to Pharaoh (7:114). ^j^-blii ^JJj *i j : And
the magicians never prosper (10:78) also means, knowing,

385

skilful or intelligent. 3^-L-> fe- IgJ : She has a fascinating or
enchanting eye. jt*--> is syn. with ^-U* but with an intensive
sense or denoting habit or frequency. j^~> J>j : With every
skilful sorcerer (26:38). (plural of jt*-->). (aor.

He went forth early in the morning, in the first part of
the day, or between the time of morning Prayer and sunrise.

: Time before daybreak; early dawn; or the last part of the
night. >u~* AsSl : I came to him a little before daybreak;
whiteness overspreading darkness; the extremity. j**~> :
We delivered them by early dawn (54:35). ]\^*\ (plural of j*-*).
j\*Z>% j^iialiilj : Who seek the forgiveness of God in the
latter part of the night or at early dawn or in the watches of the
night (3:18). ]jAJJ> (pass. part.). IjjAUS^j : A bewitched man;
a man who is a victim of deception (17:48). ojjj^- 0 (plural).
OjjjAJJ fji 'jk> Jj : Rather we are a bewitched people (15:16).
*jk~j> : One bewitched, syn. with jj*^J> but with an intensive
sense. (plural of yi— •). jij*— ill CJi UJj : Thou art

but one of the bewitched (26:154).

[aor. and j^l* inf. noun <j*J»] j^~> and : It was or
became distant or remote, ill l ii^> : May God alienate him or
estrange him from food or prosperity, or curse him. uj^ 1
(tisiJ): The cloth became old and worn-out. (aor. jail* inf.
noun He bruised or pounded it or powdered or

pulverized it. ^UjJi y '&J* : The course of time rendered it (the
garment) worn-out. : He destroyed it. L^wi jI*Jl c-i*w :

The eye shed tears. i^»lj : He shaved his head. oUJs^ UfcLii
j^Jl : So cursed be the inmates of the blazing Fire, or be far
away from the mercy of God (67:12). fey* : Pounded,
pulverized; distant, remote, fey* %*2 'a\ : Verily, it is very
distant or remote, fey* °J> '■ To a distant place (22:32).

[aor JAIj inf noun J^>] iisw : He pared it; peeled it; or
stripped off, rubbed off, abraded or otherwise removed its outer
covering. J^l JAJj£tj£Jl : The winds strip off or remove what
is upon the earth, odd' J^J : He washed the clothes and

386

removed the soils from them, cJ*J* : The eye wept. J^-li :
Sea-coast, sea-board or sea-shore; a shore of a sea or river; a
tract of cultivated land adjacent to a sea or great river. J^-U- is
so called because when the tide flows and ebbs, it sweeps away
what is upon it; the side of a valley. J^-tlib : Then the

river shall throw it on to the shore or bank (20:40).

yy^> [aor. y^A. inf. noun j*^> and iy*^ and ~tj*JLj> etc.] ^yy^>
j*J~u->\j\ : He mocked at, scoffed at, derided or ridiculed him.
£w : They mocked at him (1 1:39). >0 V j <X J jii lit : I say
so and I do not jest. hi'j^A. j : Nay, thou dost wonder,

and they jest (37:13). also means, they invited one

another to mock, : They seek to or invite one another

to ridicule (it) (37:15). L« 'jy^ b\ also means, if you deem us
ignorant (11:39). (also aor. The inf. noun of

is <j j**? and <j j^>) : He constrained him or compelled
him, namely a man or beast or anything to do what he or it did
not desire, or to work without recompense, or hire without
wages and without price; he brought him under subjection;
rendered him subservient, submissive; tractable or manageable.
^Jlj Lr JjJ\ j*l~> : He (God) made subservient, the sun and the
moon (13:3). JUJ Ia^w : He (God) caused it to blow

against them for seven nights (69:8). hLilS\ o/J : The ship
had a good wind and voyage. <s j*^> and (j j*~>: One who is
mocked at, laughed at, derided; a laughing-stock; one who is
compelled to do what he does not desire or to work without
wages and recompense; mockery; derision; ridicule; work
without compensation. (U j^jA^jli : You made them a

laughing-stock (23: 1 1 1). 1* jtJ* Umj fa s k j : So that some of
them may make others subservient to them (43:33). j*^J> : One
that is compelled to work against his or its will or work without
compensation, or one that is made subservient or submissive
and is unable to free himself from constraint. ay>i> cj\j*~J> f :
And the stars are made subservient by His command (16:13).
aytlwo ; One who mocks or ridicules others, or one cause of
mockery.

387

iask^i [aor. Ja^JLJ inf. noun Ja^~>] aII* jl J^Jl : He was or became
angry with the man or showed his dislike or discontent. Ja^
: He disliked or disapproved of the thing. °p$s- iJJi Ja^> :
With the result that Allah is displeased with them (5:81). ^ lit
^^Ja^lJ : Behold, they are discontented (9:58). 4k*-l>i : He
displeased or angered him; he made him angry 4JJ1 U i}*ji:
They followed that which displeased Allah (47:29). Ja^J and
: Displeasure; dislike; anger; disapprobation. & l**~-> tX±
aJJi : Who has drawn upon himself the displeasure of God
(3:163).

^ [aor. J—J inf. noun and il->] ^ : He closed up an interstice
or intervening space; he stopped or repaired and made firm and
strong. ii : It obstructed the horizon. jlIj : It
maintains and preserves the strength, o^ 1 : He closed the
door. <L* : A dam; a fence; a barrier; a fault or defect such as
blindness, deafness and dumbness; shade or shadow; cover or
protection; an obstacle or obstruction between two other
things; a mountain, ii U£s4 v 1 ^ : Barrier was set between
them, lii (44^ j ^ : Between us and them a barrier (18:95). L»
(aor. il* and i~d inf. noun iSlii) : It or he was or became right;
it took a right direction; he hit the right thing. Jjiit J> Lj b\ :
He hits the right thing in the saying or he says the right thing.
«li : He accused him of a fault as though thereby he stopped
his mouth. -Cx^> : Applied to a spear or arrow, means seldom
missing; that hits the mark; when applied to an action, saying
or affair signifies, right, direct; taking a right direction; when
applied to a man, means, who pursues a right course or who
hits the right thing in his action or saying. iIIjJ SljS IjJjS : Say
the right word (33:71)

j»Lo [aor. jIIj inf. noun jli and j'l^] jii : He became dazzled by a
thing at which he looked so that he turned away his face from
it; he became confounded or perplexed and unable to see his
right course. jX* : Lote-tree. <>« : A few lotetrees (34: 17).

^jsLiil SjJLi alt : Near the farthest Lote-tree (53:15). : Sea.

388

jaiJ-o [aor. inf. noun J->l->] fjili J-li : He took the sixth part of
the possessions of the people. (aor. J-J^Ij inf. noun

): He was or became sixth of the people; he made them,
with himself, six; he made the people to be sixty, with himself;
he made fifteen to be sixteen. J-ii and J-li : A sixth part. &fa
JjLJi : And for his mother is a sixth part (4:12). Jol~- : Sixth.
I#k : The sixth of them was their dog (18:23).

I *Lo [aor. jilj inf. non ji->] lli : He stretched forth his arms or
hands. ji-> signifies going at random, heedlessly or in a
headlong manner, without consideration or any certain aim or
object, not following a guide to the right course. and c£^->
(used both as singular and plural): Left, let alone or neglected;
an animal left to pasture by itself. Sib : A she-camel left to
itself to pasture wherever she likes; *-*yS CS'i : His talk
went useless. jLUV 1 : Does man think that he

is to be left to himself, uncontrolled (75:37).

[aor. "j^>, inf. noun y/j^> and sjJ : He made him happy or

he or it rejoiced him. ^> : He was glad or happy; he (the child)
had his navel-string cut. : He pierced him in his navel. «_^»t:
He concealed it; he revealed it or made it known. ij^Jl :
They will manifest repentance or remorse or will conceal it
(34:34). JjiJi jj> (inf. noun j'j^J) : Who conceals his word
(13:11). : Delighting the beholders (2:70). flj^i j

A*Uaj : And they concealed him as a piece of merchandise
(12:20). 4^- <d\ : He revealed unto him a story.
aljJb : You show friendship unto them in secret (60:2). kjj^i :
I attributed to him secrecy; I spoke to him in private. p$ dj'^S
: I appealed to them in private (71:10). ^Jl : He

recited Al-Fatihah inaudibly. : A secret; a secret thing (as
also «jjj~> ); mystery; a thing that is revealed (plural is j^).
JflsM j jiji : He knows the secret thought and that which is
more hidden (20:8). j-lJt also signifies: The heart; the mind; the
recesses of the mind; the secret thoughts; the soul; it also
signifies, secrecy or privacy; a^~>*h\ J-ll : May God sanctify his

389

soul; &*>Uj i : Secretly and openly (2:275); concealment;
suppression; one having private knowledge of a thing.
j>y\ 1% : Such a one has the private knowledge of this affair;
the penis of a man and the vulva of a woman; concubitus;
marriage; adultery or fornication; origin. }Jl 'Jg£ j-li' }» : He
is of generous origin and of much goodness; the interior of
anything; the marrow, or pure, choicest or best part of
anything; the pure quality of race; the low or depressed part of
a valley; the most fruitful or best part thereof; j-y : Fruitful
land; goodness or excellence. t'Jij~> : A secret; a secret action
that makes a man happy of his affair; heart or mind. j*
5jij-lil : He has a noble mind and heart. is plural. Jfr fj»

: On the day when secrets shall be disclosed (86:10).
y/j^> : Happiness or joy; pleasure; delight. Ijj^ j IpJj :
And has made them to find cheerfulness and joy (76:12). l\^> :
Happiness; pleasantness and joy of life and the contrariness of
suffering. «.tj-aJlj s-ij-lii j> $J^p 'yt> ; He is the friend in happiness
and suffering. *lj-lJlj frl^JaJl U *dl A3 : And suffering and
happiness touched our forefathers also (7:96). : Happy or

joyful; ijjj-lwo : He was happy among his people

(84:14). : A bed-stead; a raised couch or couch upon a
frame; a throne; a bier before the corpse is carried upon it;
dominion, sovereignty, rule or authority; ease, comfort or
affluence. ij.j~> ^e- Jlj : He ceased to enjoy power or authority
and ease and comfort. and »^*\ are plural. Jj^ :

Sitting on thrones, facing one another (15:48).

t aor - m f- noun ^j^>] Jf°/i\ J> <~>'j»> : He went away in the
land. J^-^Ji Jj- 1 : The man went away at random. Jj^i cJj->: The
camels went away, being left alone, whithersoever they would.
iUJi 6y : The water flowed. JjyiJi *Uil oj-* : the water came
forth from the punctures made in sewing the skin. Oj-> : A
subterranean excavation; a hole or burrow; also flowing water;
Oj-> £>J> : A way in which people follow one another; aLj jJati
C'j^> J) : It took its way into the sea, being free, or going
swiftly or burrowing (18:62). uj 1 - 1 : Going away or going

390

away at random, jbpb 4>j^> : Going or going openly, apparently
and freely in the daytime (13:11). Some say that <Ji*c2J> y\ ja
jlgJb oj^j J*^ signifies one who appears by night and hides
himself in the day. o^-* : The mirage. oijJ j*Aa : Such a

one is more deceitful than a mirage. eJl£i : And shall

become (as if they were) a mirage (78:21).

Jj^*> [aor. J^l* inf. noun aL'^>] %°j«>&°j^ : He clad him with a Jl£->
i.e. a shirt; a coat of mail; any garment that is worn.
(plural). o'jM (Sf (♦4& , j~ J : Their garments shall be of pitch
(14:51).

<r [aor. inf. noun : He was or became beautiful in the

face. £j~> : He lied, (inf. noun £^>) : He forged the

lie. : A lamp; also metaphorically, the eye. l£l^-> j*f :
He (God) has placed therein a Lamp (25:62).

^ j-« [aor. £jJ4 inf. noun £J~*] c-*-j~* : The cattle pastured or

pastured where they pleased or pastured in the morning. £j~>
Jllil : The torrent flowed easily. ^j^-S' £j-> : He made the
cattle go forth in the morning to the pasturage. b°y*kj
by-j^> : When you bring them home in the evening and when
you drive them forth to posture in the morning (16:7). {J> U £_j~>
: He gave forth what was in his heart. ^Ui Jp\'J* J> £j-lj j* :
He feeds upon the reputation of people i.e. he defames them in
their absence. £J~> : Cattle or camels pasturing where they
please. &-_^» : He sent him. : He sent the people and

left them. jj : He divorced his wife. Sl^iil jJj : The
dismissal of a wife by divorce; dismissal in a general sense;
sending away, after divorce; ^jy*-* c/^'y-^ : Send them away
in a becoming manner (2:232). jtl^-b jl : Or send (them)
away with kindness (2:230).

i j~»> [aor. s'j^j and Sj-Ij inf. noun : He carried on a thing or put
it forward from one stage to another in regular order
consecutively and uninterruptedly. ft^Xjl ij~> : He perforated the
thing. ^jJJi ij^> : He fabricated the coat of mail by inserting the
rings into one another. dJjAii ijJ : He carried on

391

uninterruptedly and well the narrative. : Coat or coats of
mail; any other rings; consecutive or following one another
}°j~> : Stars that are consecutive, also means the nailing or
making firm or fast with nails. f^lJl J> jjij : And do thou make
a due adaptation of the rings, or measure well the links in the
fabrication of the coats of mail (34:12).

Jji j-*> [aor. inf. noun aSj^>] cJJ' : He covered the house

with an awning over its interior court. Hf^'j* : An awning
extended over the interior court of a house; a tent; dust rising or
spreading or diffusing itself; smoke rising high and
surrounding a thing, l^r^i ^ : Its canopy shall enclose
them (18:30). (plural).

^ j~»> [aor. and aor. inf. noun a*^> etc.] £_ j-> and :
He or it was quick, speedy, hasty. ^^LJl ^ £pi : He hastened in
walking; he sought or endeavoured to be quick. Whereas ^j-il
signifies endeavour or affectation to be quick. denotes
what is as it were an innate quality. t^Xll J\ : He hastened
to the thing. y>^\ J> ^j\~> : He endeavoured or strove hard in the
affair. IJIT ^\ : They hastened to such a thing or they vied
one with one another in hastening or in hastening to get to the
thing before others. This is the significance of ie-j\~J> i.e. vying
with one another to get before others to a thing. J> jj^j^
j&\ : Those who fall into disbelief hastily (3:177). jll tjpjli
f^O ib4** : Vie one with one another in obtaining forgiveness
from your Lord (3:134). g.j^> : Quick; expeditious; speedy or
swift. £ j~> J^i : A swift horse. oL^Ji ^ _p : Quick in reckoning
(2:203). oliJl ^ : Quick in punishing (7:168). j^Jl £p» :
More and most quick, expeditious of reckoners (6:63). £jj-> is
the plural of g.j^>. l£lj-> dil-isf-'Jl Oj^^i : They will come forth
from the graves hastening (70:44).

[aor. inf. noun j^Sfl : He was unmindful,

negligent or heedless of the affair. <-*j~> Vjiy °{4$ B * l£ ^ : There
is no reproach or heedlessness in their benefits. &^>\ (inf. noun
3tJJoj) : He was unmindful, heedless or negligent; he exceeded

392

or transgressed the right bound or limit or measure; he acted
extravagantly or immoderately. JUJi &'^>\ or <dU j> : He
spent his property extravagantly. also signifies the

committing of many faults, offences, crimes, sins. <3'j^\ °y> :
We recompense him who is extravagant, commits excesses or
crimes and offences (20:128). jliii J> : Slaying of a

person other than the slayer; slaying without proper authority;
slaying more persons for one person slain; maiming or
mutilating before slaughter. JaiJl J> W : He should not
exceed proper or prescribed limits in slaying (17:34). til^il Sift :
He ate it hastily. Ijl^j lil^il \»°J& : And do not eat in
extravagance and in haste (4:7). tij>\ °J> Lil^ilj : And excesses in
our affairs (3:148). <3jLJ» (^°jbjU> and plurals): One who

transgresses or exceeds just bounds; acting extravagantly (act.
part.). <1)&j* 3 jlS y> : Who is an extravagant and a doubter
(40:35). <5j* f j* ^ '■ You are a people who exceed all just
bounds (7:82;43:6).

3 j~« [aor. inf. noun <jj^ and aJj~> etc.] SlU iw JjjJ : He stole
from him property; he took it secretly and by artifice. (i4fr* :
He robbed them. lJCuI : Thy son has committed a theft
(12:82). ^i-lJl JjJ or ^-lil Jj^l : He listened or heard
stealthily (15:19) Jjj^ : He became hoarse, [^'j* cJjt> : I
have been robbed of my honour or reputation. °J£ <^j-> : My
eye overcame me. (aor. <jij-~i) : It was or became
imperceptible, jjli (plural <5jSj l ~> and and aSj^ and <j'j^>):
A thief; one who steals. ( JSjU feminine). SSjLllij jjUliij : And a
man who steals and a woman who steals (5:39). :
Indeed you are thieves (12:71 ;12:74).

^ Signifies or implies continuance or continuing; or continuing
incessantly or endlessly. 1*^* : A very long night. yt,
: It is thine forever. iiUiJl JJl lli^i : (make the night)
continue over you till the Day of Resurrection (28:72).

(J j-rf> [aor. ckj-lJ inf. noun and cS^] *>CJ ji cSj~> : He
journeyed or travelled by night or in the night. ^1 & cSj~> : The

393

(Jj~i Jam

poison crept in him. cSj-> : His anxiety went away, li] Jl^'j
: By the night when it goes on, or when one journeys in it
(89:5). fjjUor <u c£j-> or <u tjj^\ : He made him to travel or
journey by night or in the night; he journeyed or travelled with
him by night or in the night or transported him by night or
carried him. SCJ J tjti\ j y^> : Glorified be He Who
carried His servant by night (17:2). <d*b : And carried with
him his family (28:30). ij j~> : A rivulet or streamlet; a rivulet
running to palm-trees. lJuAj uioj J*r AS : Thy Lord has
placed a rivulet below thee (19:25).

^Ja~o [aor. {J=^>, inf. noun k*k-> ; He spread it or expanded it.

£JaJ : God spread or expanded the earth, cJ^> QCS :
How it is spread (88:21). k*k-> : He threw him down so that he
lay on his back; he threw him on his side. ^k-> : The flat top or
roof of a house; the surface of a place; a plane.

Jam [aor. )kli inf. noun *jsLU\ i'ja~> and Vjasl»\ ; He wrote it; ruled it.
JuiSb eja~> : He cut him with the sword. 'Ji* : He composed or
fabricated lies, falsehoods; he said what was false. UlU 'JtL* : He
told us stories having no foundation; he told us stories
resembling falsehoods; he embellished stories to us with lies;
he related to us wonderful stories of the ancients. 'Jk\J\ is the
plural of *je*Li\ and jlkl>i and jjki which in turn are the plurals
of *jo~> and "Jo^. ^>l->i is also the plural of ajjklo and means
fables; lies; or falsehoods; fictions; legends; stories embellished
with lies; wonderful stories or written tales or lies of the
ancients, j^j^l 'J±>\^\ Ul : But the legends of the ancients (6:26).
^j'jklj U j jjilij : By the pen and by what they write (68:2).
"JsxJJi : Inscribed; written. jjkU olsTj : By the Book inscribed
(52:3) >^^j Jj-e JTj : And everything small and great is
written down (54:54). UlU ^>j~>j 'jeL* : He had or exercised
absolute authority over us; he acted as a watcher and guardian
over us paying frequent attention to us. "Jol^ (^j^Jaliw plural) :
Guardian or watcher or one exercising absolute authority. e~U
J o LaL > : Thou hast no authority over them; thou art not

394

appointed a guardian over them (88:23).

lk-o [aor. jklj inf. noun jkA j 5jkA] aIAp Ik-- : He sprang or rushed
upon him; he made an attack or assault upon him; he sprang
upon him and seized him violently; he overpowered or subdued
him; he seized him violently with uplifted hands. 6)^4 :
They would all but attack (22:73).

Jjy> [aor JLtlJ and .Ui inf. noun aiUA] Ji*A and J*Z> : He was or
became prosperous, fortunate, happy or in a state of felicity;
cont. of j^ii. twjd (aor. inf. noun 3*A) : Our day was
or became auspicious, lucky; cont. of They say, *UJi J£A

c^J^ 1 cs? : The water came upon the surface of the land
naturally, not requiring a machine to raise it for the purpose of
irrigation. IjJUi jJJJl ^' : As for those who will be happy or who
will be fortunate or lucky (11:109). %A (act. part.): A man
prosperous, fortunate, lucky, happy and in a state of felicity (as
also ijxU>) ; rendered happy, prosperous, lucky etc.; a rivulet or
canal for irrigation. %A j ^LA ^Lti : Some of them will be
unlucky and others fortunate (11:106). "UA : Prosperity,
felicity, happiness, good fortune (cont. of SjULA). See also under
^aA (No 801). aiUJ is of two kinds: (relating to the

world to come) "4j&s (relating to the present world). The latter
is of three kinds: iLJi (relating to the soul), (relating to the
body), ^-j^- (relating to external circumstances).

jk^i [aor. ju<4. inf. noun )*A] and j*^ and jLJlj*A j\ : He

lighted or kindled the fire; he made it burn or to burn fiercely.

'jL* j\ : He provoked war. J*r^' The man

was smitten by hot wind (i.e. fj*-A) ; the man was or became
vehemently hungry and thirsty; the man was or became mad.
djjkL ^sy^\ lilj : And when the Hell is set ablaze (81:13). *Jt*~> :
Lighted or kindled or made to blaze or flame, ^jli Fire
kindled or made to blaze; also means fire itself; the flame of
fire, j^ulli old* °ja a5 Jj : We will make him taste the punishment
of fire (34:13). jJ* : Madness; insanity; demoniacal
possession; punishment; vehemence of hunger and burning of

395

thirst; heat; pain; scab; fury. J£ j J">Li> j± : In error and insanity
(54:48).

[aor. (^IJ if. noun ^*~>] : He went or went along quickly; he
ran. kJJuiJl Uasi °y> : From the far side of the city running
(28:21). 'j£S\ signifies, going along with vigorousness and
with lightness, activity or quickness C*~>^£2j\j : They will
come to thee in haste (2:261). <0\ : He repaired or be-took
himself to him. *JJl J"i J\ ijju-li : Go ye to the remembrance of
God; hasten ye to the remembrance of God (62:10); he strove,
laboured or exerted himself. IgJ : And strives for it as
it should be striven for (17:20); he worked or wrought or did.

III jUls^ j*J : There is nothing for man except what he has
wrought or he earned or gained (53:40). dk\ J*~> : He earned
for his family, tfte y>) °j> c- U ^ : I strove in respect of the affair of
such a one, either to reform it or to pervert it. Lit*! j> ijii jjJJlj :
Those who strive to falsify or nullify Our Signs or pervert their
meaning by impugning their character (34:6). : He

created disorder among them. <o J*~> : He slandered him. cJti
9\°jJ\ ; The woman committed adultery. J*-^tj*: He

manages or regulates the affairs of his people. 'J^S\ : Striving;
running; going along with vigorousness; labouring or working.
j^tlJl '**» ; When he was old enough to work with him;

when he was old enough to walk with him (37:103). °<S-*~> h\
: Your efforts or strivings are different (92:5).

C. -A.. ' [aor and C*~> aor. inf. noun 4**^ and aJuL-o]

and C*-" : He was or became hungry; he suffered hunger
together with fatigue. According to some also signifies,
thirst or thirst with fatigue. JJuj : Hunger or hunger combined
with fatigue. ^ : An hungry orphan. X&* tjs j> : In

a day of hunger (90:15). fjiSi : The people entered upon a
state of hunger.

^<Lo [aor. inf. noun ^lil : He shed blood. iUll £jL-> :

The water flowed or poured forth, : He contended with

him in the shedding of blood. l$^il-> : He committed

396

fornication with her. lAstl? or 1*sUj : They committed
fornication or abomination. £uLj and i^iLli : The committing
of fornication with another. ^itU (act. part.): A fornicator;

A^iL-J (feminine of £?l— ») : A fornicatoress; a woman who
does not abstain from fornication. A^tiL-J 'J>\ ; Son of a
fornicatoress. (plural of £?L-J) : Fornicators and

ob*il~J (plural of : Fornicatoresses (4:25,26). £jjLU(0 :

Blood poured forth (6:146). £}i-l^ also means, stretched upon
the ground; wide; thick; coarse or big. £4i-» : The offspring of
fornication. : A shedder of much blood; one who gives

much; a fluent and eloquent speaker.

yL*i [aor. 'jaIj inf. noun yt-> : He wrote the book, ^f- o^u.

lg#rj : She removed the veil from her face. J~wJi ^'j*** '■ The
sun rose. £1a!i yi-> : The morning shone forth. ^jiJi j** o^iJ
(aor. 'Ju^i, and JaIj inf. noun »j(L>) : I effected reconciliation
between the people, vG^ 1 : The fighting declined.
cJ2\ji~> ; He swept away the house. ^L->j yi~> (aor. 'ju~i and
inf. noun jjii and }i~>) : He went on a journey. ^3L-J : A
traveller, journey-man. Sj^Ji o^Ll.1: The tree had its leaves
swept away by the wind, they having changed in colour and
become white. ^Jdi : The dawn shone forth, 'juA lit q4-^'j:
And by the dawn when it shines forth (74:35). if jJi yi^i : The
face became beautiful and shone with happiness. if j (act.
part, from ji^i) : A face shining with happiness, ajili j^jj fl)4-j :
Faces on that day will be bright; shining with happiness
(80:39). ys~» : Journey or travel; the act of journeying (plural is
jUL^O ; the whiteness of dawn or day-break; dawn or
day-break. Juo Jl* jl : If you are on a journey (2:284). ^ ^
UjLi^i Place longer distances between the stages of our journeys
(34:20). : A book or writing; a great or large book; a book
that discovers or reveals truth. plural). ijUbi ;

Carrying a load of books (62:6). lyu> (singular is *})~> i.e. a
writer; a scribe): Writers or scribes (80:16). V)uS\ : The food of
the traveller, ^ii : An ambassador; a mediator; a messenger
who makes peace; acommissionedagent. i]\L>: Office of a ^fi.

397

£jL»i [aor. inf. noun k&j ^jilS\ q£j> : The hot wind smote
or burned his face or blackened it signifying blackness
tinged with redness). : He made a mark upon it; he made a
mark upon it with a hot iron; he slapped or struck his face.

: He seized his forelock and dragged him. *~«?U)b
We will assuredly seize (him) by the forelock and drag him to
the Fire, or We will assuredly blacken his face (il^U signifying
face because it is the forepart thereof); or We will mark (him)
with the mark of the inmates of the Hell, or We will abase and
render (him) despicable (96:16). s.^lS\^L» (aor. ^S) : The
thing became of black colour tinged with redness.

i— [aor. inf. noun £UJij ^lil J&L. : He shed blood or

caused water to flow lJ^J : He spoke fluently.

iUAJt: Will shed blood (2:31). JftL : A great shedder of blood;
an eloquent and able speaker (or pi&U oiiJ) : A great and
habitual liar.

JjLo [aor. ji-lj and ji<^ aor jili and Ji~» aor. jllj inf. noun Jjii
and Jli-*] jli and jL» and Ji~> : It or he was or became low or
became lower than another. JjL : It descended or sank down.

(as also Ji~» and Ji~») aor. JjLIj : He was or became low,
base, ignoble, vicious in respect of his disposition and his deed
and his lineage. Jil~> : Low. ( plural). U$IdU» L^JLp LU^- : We
turned it upside down, rendering its upper part to be its lower
part (1 1:83). jiil : Lower and lowest (JiUi plural), jiil AjSij ^
: Then We rendered him lowest of the low (95:6). Jlii is
the feminine of jlil. jiWl u/jiil : Lowest depths (4:146). jjwrj
i^-^ 1 C/-^ '■ And He made the word of the disbelievers
the lowest (9:40). 'Js£lA is the plural of jlil. jlli^ ^t&wrj :
We made them most humbled or the lowest (37:99).

jLri [aor. jaIj and aor. jaIj inf. noun duiJ ji eui-> :

The wind blew upon the surface of the earth. i^iJl j*-* (aor.

: He pared and smoothed the thing; he stripped off or
removed its outer covering. k£* : A ship or boat plural),
aiflii J £Zj : They embarked in a boat (18:72).

398

<uLo JsiLo

<li-o [aor. ia-lj and *a^> aor. iilJ and «~» aor. iili inf. noun of the
first and of the third and aaUJ of the second] : He was
ignorant or he behaved ignorantly; he was foolish or he acted
foolishly; he was light-witted or he behaved light-wittedly; he
held himself in light estimation and rendered himself low. The
expression «J is really either <Ji j> or Llai "Jt iL> or
*lH c4f-> when it is used as its seeming but not real object and
means as given above. o'jJj' ajL> : He drank much of the wine
without having his thirst satisfied thereby. (as also iauL.) :
Light-wittedness; weakness of judgement and deficiency of
intellect; ignorance or foolishness. ^ J*>. l$i~> : Foolishly, for
lack of knowledge (6:141). iliJ«J also means, he ruined
himself (Lisan). &AbL : Light wittedness; weakness; weakness
of judgement and deficiency in intellect; ignorance or
foolishness. i»uL> j> j*J » )IU : O my people, there is no
foolishness in me (7:68). ZaJ (act. part, feminine igliJ) : One
who is light-witted; weak of judgement and deficient in
intellect (plural is : j\ : Deficient in intellect or

weak (2:283). i^iill S&> : The foolish will say (2:243).

J& [aor. 'jLLj. inf. noun J^-JJl i^ii : The sun burned or

scorched him, altering the colour of his complexion and skin,
and pained his brain by its heat; melted or heated him or it. jL>:
Hell or fire of Hell. 'ju> ^U>t-* : Soon I shall cast him into the
fire of Hell (74:27).

JaiLo [aor. JaiLj inf. noun Jail* and Jsjii] : It fell down upon the
ground; it fell from a higher to a lower place. °J£ Jail : He
fell down in my estimation or the regard which I had for him.

J> Jaij : He committed a mistake in his speech, Jail
jJ^kJl : He deviated from the road. 4sIU> Jte Jail : He stumbled
upon or happened to find accidentally his lost beast. Jail :
The star set or disappeared. Jail : The people alighted at

my place. <u' Jaj °y> ti'J\ JaL> : The child fell from the belly of its
mother abortively. «Jj j> Jail' j' -M-* 1 : He repented of what he
had done; he grieved for or regretted an act of inadvertence; he

399

became confounded or perplexed; he slipped; he committed a
mistake. p&>& °J> Jaf^> & j : And when they were smitten with
remorse (7:150). & Jj»-^1 iafc* : The man tottered on
account of age old. ki£J- JaiJ : His decision has become null
and void. ijJaiJ ~*m£}\ j> *i\ : Surely, they have fallen into trial
(9:49). : He made it fall down. U«r jaauJ: It will

cause fresh ripe dates to fall upon thee (19:26). ikiii : He
caused it to fall down. fl^Ti Jai~* : He has ceased to be
mentioned. *U-l!i Jailj ji : Or you cause the heaven to fall
(17:93). lo$C> : (act. part.) (as also J*jii): Falling down; a thing
that falls. l&aU* tU-lJl ^ Li^C : A piece of the cloud falling down
(52:45). (plural iltji) : A fruit that falls before maturity.
iaiLi also signifies, hanging down; tottering on account of age.

Mu> : An old man tottering by reason of old age; low,
ignoble, base or mean. They say iaW JaiU Sa3L> : Low, ignoble,
mean, vile or base. Jslii : The refuse of the people.

<JvL> [aor. JiLlJ and JulLj inf. noun uuL>] JuL* : He made a

ceiling to the house or roofed or ceiled it. JlL* ji : He was
made a bishop. CZLt ; Ceiling, roof or covering of a house; the
sky or heaven; heaven is called i.e. roof or ceiling of

the earth. Jailil ^Js- : And the roof fell upon them (16:27).
uiipi : A bishop.

jtJLo [aor. |U^4 and p& aor. |U^4 inf. noun jju and (»ii~>] : (if^ jl ( ^i->:
He was or became sick, ill, or he was long sick. (plural (»UL>
like f IX plural of ^i^T) : Sick, ill, diseased, disordered. ^>
An unsound or sickly heart. p& : Faulty speech. ,i4f- j*
jajsji : He is affected with malice against him. °J>\ Jlil :
And he said: I am indeed feeling unwell; I will be diseased or
become sick at a future time. It is said that Abraham inferred
from looking at the stars that the time of his fever was coming;
I am indeed sick of your worshipping your false gods (37:90).

^yLo [aor. inf. noun J*r^' : He gave the man water to
drink (or i\k!A). \'/j#> ijljjfc : And their Lord gave them

to drink a pure beverage (76:22). JL» also means, he watered

400

his cattle or land. j^ 1 Cjk ^ '■ A party of men watering

(their) flock (28:24). J^M's : And does not water the

tilth (2:72). vjsll Ju : He dyed the garment. d4*Ji tfli : God
sent down rain to him, or may God send down rain to him. Jii

: His belly suffered from dropsy. He traduced him,

found fault with him. JL» : The sweat flowed without

stopping. SjlAP $3 'J& ; His heart became deeply affected or
became permeated with (his) enmity. Sliil (as also «lL>) : He
gave him to drink; he assigned to him water to drink or for
purpose of irrigation or to water his cattle. U&l UiU it?

^j»Ul j : And We give it for drink to Our creation cattle and
men in large numbers (25:50). According to Imam Raghib,
(inf. noun of J&) and >UI>VI (inf. noun of J&ty, while
generally meaning the same, the former signifies, giving one to
drink so that one may take it howsoever one will so that the
latter is more ample in meaning than the former. L» J&J~JL>\ : He
sought or demanded drink from him; he asked, begged or
prayed for rain. <J*y> Jilail iij : And when Moses prayed for
water (2:61). Jj\ j» iUJl JL!»\ : He drew water from the well.
ajULj (an infinitive noun of : The giving of drink.
£u*Jl aAL>: Do you hold the giving of drink to the pilgrims
(9:19), or in this verse &lL> may also mean ^lL> Jil i.e. alii
£l»Jl. aiuL also means a place for giving people to drink or for
watering; a vessel in which one is given to drink i.e. a
drinking-cup. ££\ J^-j j> ^lilil j*f : He happened to put the
drinking-cup in his brother's saddle-bag (12:71). dL> : A beast's
share or turn of drinking water; a giving of drink; a sending
down of rain upon mankind dliJb aJ : I prayed that the
rain may be sent down upon him. laUii : (Let) her drink, or
(have) her turn of drinking (91:14).

(w^Lo [aor. 4^-4 inf. noun £JZ~->] s-UJl CSL» : He poured forth or out
the water or made it to flow. (inf. noun oj^ 1 ) Ci-JJ : The
water was or became poured out or forth or flowed ^jLU £U
( o^LU *U pass, part.): Flowing water (56:32).

401

[aor. cSJJ inf. noun and c-x-j] : He was or became

silent, mute; he was or became still or quiet; he died; it was or
became still, calm, appeased or quelled; it remitted; it subsided.
4 - a. * J' °jt> c£~> : The anger of Moses subsided or was
appeased (7:155). /*Jl ciL-> : The heat became intense as the
wind stopped blowing.

[aor. 'Ji^j inf. noun "Ji* and *j>J*> and d^J^"] ^'j-^ 1 & '■ He
was or became intoxicated or inebriated on account of having
drunk wine, fob Qs- : Such a one was or became violently
angry with me. iUVl '£~> : He filled the vessel. >JQ\'JL>: He
closed the door. o^Sw : The wind became still. c/£J:
The heat became subsided. »'JL* : He throttled him. o'j-^ 1 «^~>
: The wine made him intoxicated. UjUali o^^Li : Our eyes have
been prevented from seeing and dazzled or dazed or have been
covered over (15:16). *J*J* : Wine; strong drink; the expressed
juice of fresh ripe dates when it has become strong. L>
\'J^» : You obtain from it strong intoxicating drink (16:68).
i'jL* : A fit of intoxication ( oi^J plural) ; an over-powering
sensation of delight affecting youth; a fit of anger. $\ Vj>~> ;
The intensity or oppressive sensation etc attendant upon
anxiety. cj°jJ\ i'jL* d> £Uf : The agony or stupor or

intoxication of death comes in truth (50:20). 5 , ^~> (plural
<ijl£i) : Intoxicated; inebriated; drunken. <Jj&* (iaitj : When
you are drunken or not in full possession of your senses (4:44).

'J>~* [aor. inf. noun : It was or became still, stationary,

calm, appeased, allayed; it passed away, or ceased to be; it
remitted or subsided, ^lit j^-* : The blood ceased to flow. U aJj
jl^Jlj jii J> j£i : To Him belongs whatever rests in the night
and the day (6:14). <0\ -Jt-> : He relied upon it so as to be easy,
or quiet in mind. 0\ : He found comfort in her. 0\ c£~*£ '■
That he may find comfort in her (7:190). j\ jllil J j\ jlUl ^
jllib: He dwelt in the house. iJ&rjjj cJ\ °J&\ ; Dwell thou
and thy wife in the garden (7:20). c£~*'i 0^~* '■ He became cj&^t
i.e. weak, poor, lowly or submissive. : He made him to

402

inhabit the house; he made him or it to be such and termed him
or it "^S^t i-e. poor, lowly; he or it made it calm, still, uj l>\
: If He so wills, He can cause the wind to become still
(42:34). (^jji cJxil ^31 : I have made to dwell some of my
posterity or children (14:38). J^Ji : The man became a

y&i il^l : Poverty has rendered him motionless.
Lowly, humble submissive, poor; also ignominious, abject or in
a state of abasement (jg\^> plural) (2:216). j&l* ftfk :
Expiation which is the feeding of a poor man (2:185). :
An abode or dwelling; a place of alighting or abiding; a house;
ail ^4 : There was a Sign in their dwelling place (34:16).

is plural (14:46). aj<LU> : The state of a 5 lowliness,

humbleness, submissiveness; also lowness, abasement;
ignominy; poverty; destitution; an evil state or condition; also
poverty of mind; weakness. aJJJi '^As- cJ j^p : They were

smitten with abasement and destitution (2:62). a2Sw : Calmness
or tranquility; staidness; a quality inspiring reverence; mercy,
pity or compassion. °J* kISw & : Wherein there will be
tranquility from your Lord (2:249). : A thing to which one
trusts so as to become easy or quiet in mind; source or cause of
tranquility, ease, quiet, mental comfort. u£-> J^S\ J**- : He has
appointed or made the night for rest (6:97). ^ <5^~> l_&jL> jl :
Thy prayer is a cause or source of tranquility for them (9:103);
mercy, pity or compassion; blessing, prosperity or increase.
{gC> : Still, motionless, stationary, calm. UTC lU*J ili> °Jj : And
if He had pleased, He could have made it stationary (25:46);
Inhabiting a dwelling; inhabitant or dweller ( plural).
Is^SLlvo ; Inhabited place. kj^-lwojl* ^J** • Uninhabited houses
(24:30). : A knife- <Sfe f^'j To every one of

them a knife (12:32)

*. , i f i t i a

J-*> [aor. J-J inf. noun J-*] fr^sJl t^sJl J~> : He drew a thing out
from another thing or he drew it gently; he stole the thing
secretly. J-Jl and jLj : He slipped away or stole away

i.e. went away secretly or clandestinely or covertly from among
them, lilji j^ILa ^JJl : Those of you who steal away

403

(J%i-.'- L ''-^- Ll '

covertly (24:64). ibLJl : What is the drawn forth or drawn
forth gently from a thing; an extract of a thing; the clear or
pure, choice, last or most excellent part of a thing; the sperma
genitals of a human being. J*£ '■ From an extract

of an insignificant fluid (32:9). +1^-1^ J&j °J>^
\XX*J> ^J^\ : In my heart there is a zeal that I may praise
Muhammad who is the choicest part of the lights of the
Generous God.

<-J~>> [aor. ill^j inf. noun CL» an d 4^-*] : He seized,

snatched or carried off by force the thing from him or deprived
him of it aii^s <lL> : He deprived him of his heart and his
reason. £i> ^L°4 ojj : And if the fly should snatch away
anything from them (22:74).

[aor. inf. noun £L] : It (a bird) muted or dunged. :
He armed him with a weapon or weapons. i*JJ j\ Jh^U <&J~>
t-fllli': He armed him with the sword. £*>L> : A weapon or
weapons, or instrument or instruments of fighting. ^LLi\ j*J :
He wore or put on the weapon or weapons; a sword, a bow
without a string; a staff or stick. /Ji\ : The horns of the
bull. is plural. (Uj^ Ij^^J : And let them take

their means of defence and their arms (4: 103).

^Lo [aor. jLui inf. noun jtL] «ibr £li : Its skin was stripped off.
^lll Itf^i : We passed the month. ,fli\ j* jtfdl ^ : God
separated the day from the night. U jii a£*Jl eJj~Jj : The
serpent cast off, or divested itself of its slough, ^Jjl jilsi : The
month passed away, ifw jJLjU : He stepped away from them
(7:176). jlfiJl jilj : From it We strip off the day or separate
the day, or draw forth gently the day (36:38).

And when the sacred months have passed away (9:5).

J g^ L L i A quinqueliteral-radical word meaning easy (as a beverage)
in the utmost degree, or signifying smooth in which there is no
roughness or beverage meaning easy of entrance into the throat;
wine. %~~L> : Whose name is Salsabil (76:19); name of a
mountain in Heaven; source.

404

J-H-o [aor. J~i~*d inf. noun SJLJb] iJ^Jt J-jL» : He made the

thing to reach the thing or become connected with it, or to
chain or link the thing with another thing. £UIt J-~L : He
poured down the water J-JLj : Flow down; form a chain; come
in an unbroken succession; be concatenated. 3JLJL : A chain;
rings of iron rope; unbroken succession; tradition; pedigree;
long flash of lightning. *L~L> °J> p ; Then (put him) into a chain
(69:33). j^fc (plural of liLL) : Chains; ropes etc. u'J&l Ui
J^'iU 'Jt J\&S : We have prepared for the disbelievers chains
(76:5).

JaL»» [aor. JaLlJ and aor. JaLlJ inf. noun itjJLi and iW-i] : He or
it overcame, prevailed or predominated; it was or became firm
or established in superior power or force; he possessed
sovereignty or rule; it was or became hard; he was or became
sharp; he was or became chaste in speech or eloquent. i*L> : He
was or became clamorous or foul-tongued. Qs- 4kL> : He (God)
made him to overcome him, to prevail upon him or
predominate over him; He made him to exercise superior power
over him; He made him to have mastery or authority or power
over him or absolute rule over him or gave him power or
superior power over him. feS* $»LJ : He (God) would have
given them power over you (4:91). Z)\kL> : Strength, force or
power; predominance, authority. L> [Je- J>l Jlp Ulkll ei*r Xi:
I have given thee power or authority to take my due from him.
^ku j^S : Thou shalt have no power upon them

(17:66). &lku ^s- : My power or authority has perished
from me (69:30); It also means strength, hardness, force or
violence of anything; an excited state of the blood; the blazing
of fire; a proof; an evidence or argument; a plea; an allegation,
^iku °jA l# ifrl J ji U : For which Allah has sent down no authority
(7:72). oikLlj bjfli '■ Wherefore do they not bring a clear
argument or authority regarding them? (18:16). <uljl lltaf &
UlkU: We have given his heir authority, power or plea (17:34).
5iku also means a ruler, governor, a king or Khalifa Qrk^»
plural). The word also sometimes means a miracle. Jit auLjI it

405

jLS ^IkLl) oj^^i : When We sent him to Pharaoh with a manifest
miracle (51:39).

<Jd~» [aor. JiLlJ inf. noun <3)b and Jib] : He or it passed, passed
away, came to an end, or became cut of; he or it went before or
preceded. ^ib : As for what has passed (5:96). jii <_ib
jJU* : A good deed of his preceded so as to prepare for him a
future reward. albJl eib : The she-camel was or became among
the foremost of camels in arriving at the water. j\ jefo J&>
l$ibl : He turned over the land for sowing. «bl : He did it
previously or beforehand. J> ft&>\ Uj : Because of the

deeds you did before or in the days gone by (69:25). (Jls j> JdZ>\
: He paid in advance for such a thing. VCJ-\ &La : He did to him
to be requited with a good action. «bl: He lent him money
to be repaid without interest. Jib : (as also ul±^> and 3jL») :
Preceding or going before; such as have gone before or
preceded i.e. the preceding generations; ancestor; a good deed
done before; payment in advance; loan without interest;
precedent; a thing past, lib ^LU^i : And We made them a
thing past or a precedent (43:57). 3*>b (plural of Jib) :
Ancestors; past generations.

jLo [aor. jjilJ inf. noun jjb] «L> : He threw him down on his back;
^J>ji iib : He thrust or pierced him with a lance; he struck him
or smote him with a spear. ^SOb lib : He hurt him with speech
or spoke severely to him. s\'±* ibJb ^jlb : They hurt you by
what they say or bite you or smite or assail or scold you with
sharp tongues (33:20). l?)JL!u *ib : He flayed him with a whip;
he galled it, namely the back of the camel. ^ui\ jf- jiAUl jb : He
peeled off the flesh from the bone, fliijlii jb : He greased the
leathern water-bag. d>&\ jb : The cold shriveled or blasted
the herbage. Jaiuyi jb : He scaled the wall, jb also means, he
shouted or did so vehemently.

l- ^l-o [aor. t_£bj inf. noun bfjb and »_5Cb] jj^k!iL_£b : He

travelled or went along the road, Url^i %!» l^ijSlU : That you
may traverse the open ways thereof (71:21). ^\£j>l\ L_£b : He

406

entered the place, o^^ 1 *^~ J : He made him enter the place,
lijw? did* a^LIJ : He will make him enter severe punishment
(72:18). d£L> : I made the thing enter another

thing. JalAii : He inserted the thread into the

needle. J> l_£L> : He inserted his hand into the pocket.

L_foJ JSjJjI : Insert thy hand into thy bosom (28:33).
&L>\ : He made him go or enter. ja : Then He

causes to go before him (72:28).

ji-Ld [aor. jiilJinf. noun and ^">^> and ^ and {X? and ^] pL*

ill : He was or became safe, secure, or he escaped from affliction. ^
<-4* : He was or became free from fault, defect, blemish, vice etc.
a1^\a^L> : The serpent bithim.jJ.lJi jjj* : He made the bucket strong
or firm. pL> : w iiii (inf. noun p±^>) : God made him safe, secure or
free from any affliction, or saved or protected him. ^litf ULJ :
Without defect or blemish, of one colour (2:72). pL> aJJi j^J j : But
Allah saved (you) (8:44). aIIp ILi; He said, "peace be upon him" or
greeted him with the greeting of peace. jjLJii Jlp I )£Li : Salute your
people with the greeting of peace (24:62). i*Li : He gave or

delivered the thing to him. i*JL~« 3jJ : B lood- money to be handed over
(4:93). U j^JL. \i>\ : Provided you give what you have agreed to
give (2:234). J>% : He became pleased with or resigned to the
affair. UILIj \°j*L4j '• And they submit completely (4:66). :
Submission, resignation. aLi tj>\ iLi : He committed his case to
God. \j£"ki\^L> : He conceded that it was thus. (is both transitive
andintransitive): He resigned or submitted himself, jh {X->\ : He resigned
or submitted himself, or he was or became resigned or submissive to
God, or he was or became sincere in his religion, or without hypocrisy
to God. 4\ *&J Cr* '■ Whoever submits himself completely to Allah
(2:113). UiLit till : When they both submitted (to the command of
God) (37: 104). <0Ji J\ pS\ : He committed his case to God. ^
also means, he became a Muslim. \yX*\ jl l_Op ojuj : They count it
as afavourto thee that they have embraced Islam (49:18). pL>\ :
He deserted the enemy and threw him into destruction. all) dJX»\ : I

407

paid in advance to him. : He paid the price in advance, f&f

: Complete submission to God; the religion of Islam. Jill* ^jji £i
: The true religion with Allah is complete submission (3:20).
J\ Je-ti'jAj : And he is called to Islam (61:8). : One who
resigns or submits himself to God; one who has accepted Al-Islam as
his religion and follows it. Uili lilp- jlT : He was inclined to God and
obedient to Him. jjXlU and plurals (3: 65;7:127). jl »L.°~«

(dual) (2: 129). UlU (feminine) (2: 129) oUJ^J (plural) (33:36). f& :
Peace; security; submission; immunity or freedom from faults, defects,
blemishes etc. Jlp ^ : Peace be upon Noah (37:80). It also
means, the Islamic salutation of Salam or saying to a person ffc>
(peace be upon you). {Q\ Jsit jiJ : Who greets you with the
greeting of (i&l* f%lM.e. peace be upon you. ^"jLlJljli : The abode
of peace or freedom from disease, decrepitude and death (6: 128). Jli
: The ways or paths of peace (5: 17). f&ti is one of the names
of God because He is free from all conceivable blemishes, weaknesses,
defects etc. J-jlili : The Holy One; the Source of Peace

(59:24). ^L> : Sound; safe, secure or free from evils or doubts.

: Heart free from disbelief, corruptness or unsoundness ; a grieving
or sorrowful heart. cJi ajj s-Uf : He came to his Lord with a sound
heart (37:85); bitten by a serpent; wounded. p~? : Peace, or
reconciliation; being at peace; submission orself-resignation; the religion
of Islam; a man who is at peace with another ^JL-> j*i £L> U t : I am
one who is at peace with respect to him who is at peace with me. \jte-°s I
aitf (JLlJi^ji :Enterpeaceallofyou(2:209). ^ : Peace. syn. with ^
and pJ*. ( *LLlJ ljA«r jt : If they incline towards peace (8:62). p**> :
Peace ; any money or property paid in advance; the making of captive; a
captive; l*L> «I^t : He took him captive or made him captive without
war. <_Jjr Uii j : A man the property of one man; a man belonging
wholly to one man (39:30). ^ : Safe and sound (6j*Ji^ plural), ^& j
5j*JU* : They were safe and sound (68:44). *JLlail : He submitted or
surrendered or obeyed; he was or became submissive. ^°^1L^J>
(plural of ^LaLa which is act. part, from (Ulail) : f J^ 1 :

408

*jLo y^i

On thatday they will surrenderthemselves (37:27). pJ* : A ladder, or a
series of stairs or steps, (syn. with i&yand kfj^ or upon which
one ascends, either of wood or of clay; a means to a thing. Uii

JJt : He took it as a means to fulfil his want, (Jli^^ :Havethey
aladder? (52:39).

[aor. jLIj inf. noun and jljii] t^ijl i^iJi : He

forgot the thing; he was or became forgetful, or diverted from the
remembrance of him or it; he endured with patience the loss of it; he
wasorbecame happy or content without him or it. ^Ji : He was
or became free from anxiety. I jt- : He made him contented
with it; he removed his sorrow through it. : A whitish bird

resembling a quail; whatever renders a man happy and contented and
forgetful of his worries; honey. j yj\ UJilj : And We sent
down on you Manna and Salva (2:58).

-U— [aor. ii-lj inf. noun l°yJ^\ : He was or became high or elevated; he
raised his head in pride; he stood raising his head and with his breast
erect; he sang; he diverted himself, sported or played; he was or
became negligent, or heedless and went away leaving a thing; he was
or became confounded, perplexed, amazed, and was unable to see
his right course; or he stood confounded, perplexed and unable to see
his right course; he kept constantly to an affair; he laboured hard or
he wearied himself in work. Slw : He betook himself to him or it. j
j}i»Uj fj\ : And will you remain heedless or while you amuse
yourselves? (53:62).

yt^i [aor. y^t inf. noun *yJ* and j ji^>] : He held conversation by night.
jis*}\ ji^> : He drank wine by night. yJ* (aor. y^S) and yJ* (aor.
y-^i) : He or it was or became brownish, dusky, dark. <u£ "y^\ He
put out his eye with a hot iron nail. »yl*> : He held a discourse with him
by night. y^> : A man holding or one who holds a discourse or
conversationby night (plural jlw and yJ»). Itis usedboth as a singular
and plural. \yl»> °p^'j> : I left them holding conversation etc. \y& *j

409

tij'j^tf '■ Telling stories or indulging in discourse about it at night
(23:68). also means a camel pasturing by night. iy»L> = VyslS\
and Yj^lS\ ; The Samaritans ; a people said to be one of the tribes of
fyjZ>\ ; a sect or people of the Jews differing from them in some of
their institutions . They remain to this time in Syria and are known by the
appellation of ojd yf&b. <J y>S* is the relative noun of Vy>\lS\. Ui
jj ^\j^£Ja± : Andwhathasthoutosay,OSamiri?(20:96)

[aor. ^i-lJinf. noun £w and £_UJ> and **UJj and a*w : He

heard it or him. Ll*p j 1 °J& : They said, we hear and we disobey
(2:94). fr^iil^Ji : He heard or listened to the thing. Uj->aJ c-*w :I
heard him produce a sound. L>a**^ : He heard it from him. a*w
: He heard it as related from him i.e. on his authority, aj £*^> : He
heard of it (i.e. jJ&sJl ^w). ^SUj c-*«-> Ltb : And when she heard
about their plan i.e. when she heard people talking about their plan
(12:32). When it becomes transitive by means of J alone or JJi it
denotes what is intentional. &\ jt aJ c-xw : I gave ear, hearkened or
listened to him. ^ Ijiili ^ : Do not hearken or listen to this
Qur'an (4 1 : 27) . \ 6 *\ '■ When they listen or hearken to thee
(17:48). £w also signifies, he understood. l_£J ciSU^i-ljjiJ :Thou
didst not understand what I said to thee. It also means, he knew it.
L_£J)3liJi£«_-. : God Imew what yous aid. L_£]ib»<j^Ji J}liUi^. °A :
Allah has indeed heard (or known) the speech of her who pleads with
thee(58:2). also means, he accepted it, answered it. aJJi
ajuj- ; God has accepted the praise of him who has praised Him. jt
tei I jiili^' (Uj*^: If you call them, they will not answer your call
(35:15). It also means, he obeyed him. jjii-^U d-wi °j>\ : I
believe in your Lord, so obey me (36:26). ^j-^ 1 means U

4*iJjt Uj fl^i : How Seeing is He and how Hearing i.e. God sees
and hears every thing and nothing is hidden from Him (18:27). ^X^i
&\ : He gave ear, hearkened or listened to him. It is equivalent to
aJ and aJ ^iZ>\. *">UJi J\ ^'jZHj *i : They cannot hear any

thing from the exalted assembly (37:9). is syn. with or
£^>) and denotes what is intentional, signifying, he gave ear or
410

hearkened or listened; but denotes what is unintentional as well
as what is intentional. aJ ^L>\ j a2\ ^iail j ^uol : He listened or gave
ear to him. UJ ^stA : And give ear to what has been revealed
(20: 14). *_£Ji b'yu&H k *j j jiUlJ Uj jiipl : We know best what
they listen for, when they listen to thee (17:48). kuJ-i (inf. noun
) : He made him hear and he made him understand; he told him a
thing; he abused or reviled him J>°^ *2 »— &l : Thou canst not
make the dead to hear (27:81). j-w : The sense of hearing; the
faculty of hearing; it also signifies, the ear; ear-hole; what rests in the
ear of a thing which one hears. <*fy>-*» ^ j ^ '■ God

has set a seal on their hearts and their ears (2:8). The word is used
both as singular and plural. J&\ j\ : Or who gives ear (50:38).

j ixw : I hear and I obey. *J\ ±JL*l~* : Give thy ear to me i.e.
listen to me. £w also signifies the act of hearing or what one hears.
tijijjkJ ^-lli : Surely, they are debarred from hearing

(26:213). f I : The brain. ^JL1\ ^ ^ : He struck him

upon the brain, (is the intensive form of which is act. part,
from £«->) : syn. with ^L-> and ^-1^. £U-> is one of the attributes of
God and means, One whose hearing comprehends every thing or
Who hears everything. It also means, £*-^> i.e. one who makes
others to hear. £l«-> iUij : And Allah is All-Hearing and
All-Knowing (2:228) £<~> when applied to a man also means, made
to hear or told ^lt^» : One who hears, hearkens, or listens much or
habitually. It also signifies, quick of hearing; a spy, who searches for
information and brings it; obedient (<5)*^ plural). oJiUJ 5j*i~> :
They are habitual listeners to falsehood (5:43). (act. part, from
£wi) : One who makes others hear. jjliJi J>, °J> ^-^L> cJ\ U j : And
thou canst not make those to hear who are in graves (35:23). £^
(past. part, from jmI). ^HSjLi. : Without being heard. The
expression has a number of meanings: (1) Mayest thou not be made
to hear i.e. mayest thou be deaf; (2) Mayest thou not hear anything
that may please thee; (3) May not what thou sayest be accepted; (4)
Mayest thou be not obeyed; (5) Mayest thou not hear anything

411

offensive (4:47). (act. part, from j^j) : One who listens i.e.
listener. jj> o\)oLLj ^j^lLa : Then let their listener bring a
manifestauthority (52:39). Ci°jL^J> is plural (26: 16).

l_ £w [aor. t_X»-lj inf. noun CS ji^>] t_£^> : The thing rose or

became high or elevated or lofty. ^SCw : He ascended. aJJi ^SCw
iU-ll! : God raised the heaven. t_SU-> : Roof; ceiling of a house; height;
depth, thickness of a thing; stature. J£jt> ^ : A camel tall of

stature, l^—'^j :He(God)hasraiseditsheight(79:29).

[aor. ^ inf. noun : He poisoned it; it pierced or passed

through it; he probed or examined it, namely an affair ; he made it firm or
strong, ajjjliii dJJ>~* : I closed the bottle, ^» : He rectified the
thing. ^\^j^> : He brought about reconciliation or harmony among
the people. aI*<Ji *u-> : The serpent bit him. lXm cJJ^ : I betook
myself to thee. c-w (inf. noun f»>w) : The wind burnt. ^ :The
eye of a needle. -kt~*Ji ^ Jt : Through the eye of a needle (7:41); a
hole of any thing; poison; cowries ; object, aim, purpose, intention.

Li : He attained the object of his pursuit. ** *i j ^ aJU : He has
no object or he has no hopes for him. fji^> : A hot wind; a violent and
intensely hot wind, o'i* Ulijj : And He has saved us from the

torment of the burning blast (52:28). li: Hot wind was blowing in
the day or the day was violently hot.

o [aor. ly^A. and aor. ^^-IJinf. noun iilw and : He was or
became fat. ki->and luJ-i : He or it rendered him fat or plump. 4 >w'
means he was fat or plump by nature. ^4 ^ : Which will not fatten
(88:8). *J~»-*> (or ^-f^) is act. part, from ^> and means, fat, plump,
jlw J^*j ibr : He brought a fatted calf (5 1 :27). <$U--> is the plural of

and klw. ^L^. or# ^ ^'j' : I see sevenfatkine (12:44).
kl*-" : A land of good soil, jlw (»">^ : Chaste, eloquent or excellent
speechor language.

U_^o [aor. jI^j inf. noun ji->] : He or it was or became high, lofty, or it
rose high; he was or became noble or high in rank. J)** <J\ asIa dJ^»
: His ambition aspired to high things, i.e. he sought glory. h'y^A. (!■»
412

aJUJi Js. : They exceed one hundred. U-> : The people went out
hunting. U-> (inf. noun x(y. j' i^-" or jt l&j J^r^ii U->

JjJj. : He named him Zaid or called him Zaid. 4 >^■«- I, ja : He
(God)namedyouMuslims. ^ JIp aAJi : He pronounced the name
of God saying aJJi ^ over a thing, : The name of a thing; a sign
conveying knowledge of a thing; a word applied to denote an accident
or attribute for the purpose of distinction. Some of the Kufees hold that
l^>\ is from ^ jJi meaning ~&&\, the jl j being rejected and "hamzah"
being substituted. L_Syj ^L>\ : Blessed is the name of thy Lord

(55:79). tUti (plural). l# iiii^i fa» j : And He taught Adam all
the names (2:32). It also means fame, renown, reputation of a person.
^Ul^jiiiil C^i : His fame spread among the people. (inf. noun
from Ja^li^Jji^ftUil : They name the angels with the

names of females (53:28). A competitor or contender for

superiority in eminence, glory or greatness; a he or an equal; a
namesake of another. Lm aJ Ji : Do you know any equal of His?
(19:66) (past. part, from <^«— >). Fixed; marked; named; known.
JLJ> J^t JJt : For a fixed period (2:283). <^j3 oC~J J^? Ja; He is one
of the best of his people. *UJ : The upper or uppermost part of
anything. JAJi £U^> : The upper part of the sole upon which the foot is
placed; the sky or heaven; any canopy or covering overhead of a
person; ceiling or roof of a house; clouds, or a cloud; rain, or a good
rain; bounty because of its resemblance with rain; herbage because
produced by the rain; the back of a horse. Its plural is d>\ji~-> but *U~-
also is used as plural. H-» tUJUi J jil j : And He caused water to
come down from the cloud (2: 23). t\*l$\ J\tjjz^\p : Then He turned
towards the heavens (2:30). *U-lIi J> 31$u UjiT: As though he were
mountingupintotheskies(6:126). tU-Ui ^ Uj^j : Falls, as it were,
from a height (22:32). ^ jl iU^Ji JsLOj : He (God) withholds the
rain from falling (22:66). £^Ji oti *U-lJij : By the cloud which gives
rain after rain (86:12). d>\ji~-> (plural of Heavens. oij^Jji jJ^-
j^jSfij : The creation of the heavens and the earth (30:23).
ji>jSnj otjilil : Kingdom of the heavens and the earth (38:1 1). aJ

413

j^j^Ij c»\jilS\ ilJlio : To Him belong the keys of the heavens and the
earth (39:64). o'j^-lli : The means of approach to the heavens
(40:38). j^j^ij o'j^-lli iyJr : For Allah are the hosts of the heavens
and the earth. Jej^j o'j^-lli '$'y>- aAJj: To Allah belong the treasures
of the heavens and the earth (63:8). ^j^j ojllii uj: Lord of the
heavens and the earth (37:6). Je'JMj ojiJlJl ^4* jiJl* : TheKnowerof
the secrets ofthe heavens and the earth (35:39). j^j^'j o'j^-lli
: The kingdom ofthe heavens and the earth (6:76). j^j^'j o'j^-lli '/ji :
Light of the heavens and the earth (24:36). Jf)% ojiUi jfcii : O
Maker of the heavens and the earth ( 1 2 : 1 02) .

[aor. inf. noun ^] : He bit him with his teeth. k~»: He
pierced him with the spear. : He sharpened the knife and

polishedit; 5Ai*Ji ^ : He undid the knot; y>^\ : He manifested the
matter or the affair. a^> or : He instituted, established or

prescribed it; i.e. a custom or practice, or set the example of it;
originated it as a custom to be followed by others. AiJ ^kJi : He
followed or pursued that way or course, iii : He established

or instituted or prescribed for them a law or custom or mode of
conduct, iii 5^ : He pursued a way, course, rule, mode or manner of
acting or conduct of life, j^QJ aJJi 5^ : God made known for the
people His commands, ordinances and statutes . lii : ( 1 ) Face or form;
(2) a way or course or rule, or mode or manner of conduct; (3) way of
acting instituted or pursued by a people and followed by others after
them; (4) precedent; example; (5) character or conduct or nature or
disposition; (6) law orreligious law or dispensation; (7) theblackline or
streak on the back of the ass. ^Ji iii : The practice of the Holy
Prophet as handed down fromhimby tradition; the institutes of the Holy
Prophet, or his rule orusage. ijA^ ji-AJl Jt ^ : (Such has been the)
way of Allah with those who passedaway (33:63). jsJjSli ^ Hi :
The example of the former peoples has already passed (8:39). jii
(plural), jii & '■ There have been many dispensations

before you (3: 138). $3 ^ Cx~* '■ The ways of those before you
(4:27). jllil : Great men ofthe Arabs. Sitlil : He cleaned his

414

teeth with the stick used for that purpose. : A tooth; j~Jb :A
tooth for a tooth (5: 46). *~^and o^Kplural) : Life or the measure or
extent of life or the age attained. j-Jl dJjJ- j£ j : A young man, a like
or an equal or a match in age ; a nib ; a clove of garlic . ^Jui \ ^ Lit : The
teeth of the comb. j~> Jit jllit : I have exceeded the lives of

the people of my house. a^> : He formed it, fashioned it or shaped it.
js^t j-" : He plastered pottery with the clay or he made the clay into
pottery. '■ Bitten with the teeth; sharpened or whetted or

polished; made smooth; formed, fashioned or shaped; made long. ^ :
It became stinking or altered for the worse. a£ jJi ^°yU> Jjtj : A man
beautiful and smooth in the face, or a man in whose nose and face is
length, or who is beautiful or long in the face. h°y^* : Bitten with the
teeth. h'jilS : Land of which the herbage has been eaten.

J*l-> J-L : The seed produce put forth its ears. 'Ay : Hedraggeda

skirt of his garment behind. f^Li^? : In its ear (12:48). SJuli (singular
noun) (plural J^UJ and cJl^Ii Seven ears of corn

(12:47). aiu ii^li <^ J^U-o ^ : Seven ears, in each ear a
hundred grains (2:262).

Xl*> [aor. JL-Ij inf. noun tSjii] aJ) .kJ and -ku>>) : He leaned, rested or
stayed himself against it or upon it. J-*Jt J> : He ascended the
mountain. Xi^> (inf. noun llli) : He set up pieces of wood as stays or
props against a wall; he wore or clad himself with garments called
(a sort of garment of the kind called *j'J). 4~*>: Pieces or block
of wood propped up or made to lean or incline against a wall, or set up
as props or stays against a wall; pieces of wood clad with garments
(63:5). is-» : A thing upon or against which one leans, rests or stays
oneself oraperson upon whom one leans orrelies. J^-lIt <jji :A
tradition valid in respect of the authority upon which it rests or to which
it is traced up or ascribed.

j* Jc^i Thin or fine £Co [or silk brocade] or thin or fine y, y> (silk) as
opposed to tj^tit. 5^"t j 4»Q : On them will be

garments of fine green silk and gold embroidered (76:22).

415

(*-~-> [aor. inf. noun 'J&\\ (i~i : The camel was or became large
in the hump. Uii (inf. noun p&J) : It made him fat; he raised it from
the ground like the fLi. tuWljUi : He filled the vessel, }3(Ui :He
raised the grave from the ground like the f Li or he made it gibbous.
Jj» jSfl o^^ 1 (i-^J : The cloud rained copiously or abundantly upon
the land, ^ Li : The highest part of a thing or the best or choicest part
thereof. Thus ^-Ijmeans: ( 1 ) To raise high or to fill, or a thing which
raises or fills; (2) water running above the elevated chambers; (3) a
certain fountain or source coming from above. °y» a*\}a j :And
it will be tempered with the water of ^~^> (water coming from
above) (83:28).

4*~> * [aor. iuli inf. noun \#-»] : It passed through a time extending over
years. ftflaJl i~i and ^Ukil iiij : The food became altered for the
worse, or rotted; it rotted or became altered for the worse by the lapse
ofyears. h^u'^ : It has not rotted (2:260). For ali see next word.
: Slumber. See under j.

L^ [aor. jilj inf. noun j^>] J^j^ <L>\*JJ\ Li : The cloud watered the
earth. ^1*3 1 Li : The camel turned about the well to draw water. c~ii
jLi : The fire became high in its light. J^Jl Li : (*Li inf. noun): The
lightning flashed and became bright; gleamed. J^Ji ^~i : The man
became high or exalted in rank. Li means light, or the light of lightning
and of fire ; or a light: j Laj Li i l& : The flash ofhis lightning

may well-nigh (or the rising and gloaming upwards) take away the sight
(24:44). iii (derived both from a^i and or ^~i) : A year (syn.
Sy~ or (»l£). As derived from Li aor }iii , it signifies "a simple
revolution of the sun" i.e. a single revolution of the earth round the sun,
because >uJ Li said of a beast (turning a water-wheel) means "he
turned round about the well". It is also said to be longer than the ft*
which is applied to the twelve Arabian months collectively; but ili is
also applied to twelve revolutions ofthe moon. Thus every Aiiisan ^
but not every ^s- is a *ii. A^-i iii (solar year) is three hundred and
sixty five days and a quarter of a day and ~4y£ ^ (lunar year) is three

416

hundred and fifty four days and a third of a day. According to Imam
Raghib, is used as denoting a year in which is difficulty, drought or
barrenness or dearth; and ftp as denoting that in which is ampleness of
the means or circumstances of life and abundance of herbage or the
like. 2Li also means, drought or barrenness, or vehement or intense
drought, lllll lfuU>i : Drought or barrenness befell it. hj^ J>°j or
iii : A land affected with drought or barrenness. Jljii 2Li : A hard,
rigorous or distressing year, (plural Sj^ and and <i>\y^> and
olf-i). iJs- \°j&xl : That you might know the number of years
(10:6). J^tj b°£°jl J* ^* :WepunishedPharoah'speoplewithyears
of drought (or drought) (7:131).

j-g~>> [aor. inf. noun *j&>] : He did not sleep by night; he remained
awake at night. Jj^Jl ^ : The lightning gleamed during the night. J4J
: A night of sleeplessness (opposite ^UJJ). ij&d^Lt. :Amnning
spring. VjaL> : Land that produces plants quickly. »y^> : A wide
or an extensive tract of land, the traverser of which remains awake
during the night; the earth or land; the surface of earth; a desert, or an
untrodden land; Hell. »jaCA\j liU : And behold! they will be in the
open or will be awakened (79: 15).

J^-** [aor. J4-^ inf. noun aJjfi] J4-" : The place was or became

smooth, soft, plain or level, j4~" : The affair was or became easy.
J4-" ( SA^ plural): Smooth or soft, plain or level; a smooth, soft, plain
or level tract of land; easy or facile. Ijj-ia °& dj^^ '■ You build
palaces in its plains or soft and level places (7:75). jIaJi J-g-^ J^rj : A
man of easy disposition. j SUi : You have come among your
relatives andin an easy andsoftplace.

p& [aor. ^4 and ^ aor. ji^li inf. noun : He was or became
altered in colour or emaciated or lank and lean. ^ : He was or
became smitten with f Ig-* i.e. burning heat of summer, : He cast
lots. UaL> : He shot arrows ( f lf->) with him in competition; he cast or
drew lots with him; or competed with him in doing so. L^i^i *4** 1 - J :
He cast lots with them and overcame them therein, j* ^aLJ

417

^a^-!ui\ : And he cast lots (with the crew of the boat) and was of
those cast away or of the losers (37: 142). i-AS" °J>, UaLj : He shared
with him insuchathing;he contended with himforathing.

L^o [aor. jfli inf. noun yy>\ aJ. or a3 lf-> : He was or became
unmindful, forgetful, neglectful or heedless of it or inadvertent to it, his
mind adverting to another thing or affair or case. Some think that jflli
and Aii«Ji and are one in signification but according to others

y\>^\ is a slight aIIp of that which is within the scope of the retention
faculty, such as when one's attention is roused by the least rousing
thereof, whereas o 1 ^' denotes its passing away from the memory
entirely. Similarly some say that t^IJl J>, lf-> means, he neglected or
omitted the thing unknowingly and means, he neglected the thing
knowingly. ^\^> :HelookedatWmoritwithmotionlesseye.(al->and
S'jfr^ act. part, meaning: Unmindful; neglectful, heedless or
inadvertent), o)*^ is the plural. "(y^ J> ■ Heedless in ignorance
(51:12). ^jA^^i^^ : Unmindful of theirPrayer (107:6).

s-u>» [aor. frj-li inf. noun hy» and ty->] i^^Ji : The thing was or
became bad, evil, foul, ugly etc. j^a U ii-> : Evil is what such a
one has done. %~* : And an evil way (4:23). ^'J~? & ^ • His
nature was or became bad. a I'd (aor. ojj^i inf. noun i°y« and Vy*
and 1 1 'y* transitive verb) : He did evil to him; he did to him that which
he disliked or hated; he displeased, grieved, or vexed him. i£ j d> yi>
O'H : I said, may God remove the face of such a one far from good
or prosperity, j&yr j \ °yy^ : That they may cover your faces with
grief (17:8). <*-> £li : He held an evil opinion about him. l& :
He was grieved on account of them. \j'J^ ^jJ \ »yrj cj£-> : The faces
of disbelievers will become grief- stricken (67:28). tX*\ : He did evil
or ill. *Iit *Lit and til inland tis- ilJ; He did evil to him. IfU^lil jlj
: And if you do evil, it will go against them (17:8). t°y» (applied to a
man and action) fy» J^-j : A man of evil nature or deeds; a bad or
wicked man. t°y-> \y»\ o^"^ : Thy father was not a wicked man
(19:29). frj^ J^* : An evil or bad deed. <*°y~l\ »y\s '^i> : On them

418

shall fall evil calamity. ty^> :Evilness, foulness or badness; immoral,
unrighteous, sinful or wicked conduct; anything bad, evil or foul;
evilness of state or condition; harm; damage; injury; diabolical
possession or insanity ormadness; leprosy; the fire; Hell; weakness in
the eye. iyt}\ »y)i : Defeat and evil; injury, harm; trial and torment;
perdition, destruction or corruption. Vy* ^L H j, p : No evil had
touched them (3:175). jllil i°y^> L$ : They shall have a bad abode
( 1 3 : 26). & I i j-i L$ : They will have a grievous punishment (27 : 6) .
^ jil^ii ^ frj-litj ^js^tJf 5] : Disgrace and affliction will surely fall on
disbelievers(16:28). ijJU : Those whodid evil (30: 11). :
And evil act or action; a fault, an offence, or such as is intentional; a
sin, a crime for which one deserves punishment; the recompense of a

; an evil or evil accident; a calamity; a misfortune; a trial or
affliction; scarcity of the goods and comforts of life; straitness of
circumstance; failure. *4-> p£~4> j \ j : And if an evil befall you (3:121).
isli C-*£ °y Jti : Aye, who so does evil (2: 82). ouli (plural of a4-»
) I j'jSJ> U oLp aJJi : So Allah preserved them from the evils or
evil affects of their plots (40:46). I jU* o'C. : So the evil

consequences of what they did befell them (16:35). I jt&\
o'CUi : Those who commit evil deeds (45:22). js- SCli\ C-ai :
Gone are the ills or misfortunes from me ( 1 1 : 1 1 ) . ij~<> (masculine of
*4^») : Evil; bad. lj~*><j°j* : An evil saying. l4-> y*\j lA)L> }Up i}kU :
They mixed good deeds with evil ones (9 : 1 02) . 5 i°y* : Any evil, foul,
unseemly or abominable saying or action or habit or practice; any
saying or action of which one is ashamed when it appears and which
one would like to hide; any disgraceful action; the external portion of
the organs of generation of a man or of a woman; nakedness; corpse;
a dead body. ^ 5 i. °y^> <jj\y : How to hide the corpse of his
brother (5:32). (&\°y*> plural). U-£>i>-> U-$J oij : Their shame (or
nakedness) became manifest to them (7:23). \y*\ : Most evil, t yti j*

: He is the most evil of the people; Evil, bad foul (applied to a
man). ijL* <s &\ \yl>\ : Worstconsequencesofwhattheydid(39:36).
i^JS\ : One who does evil (act. part.). fr^XJl *i j : And not those

419

whodoevil (40:59).

^Lo a^-Lj : The court or open area of a house; a part of a house where there
isnobuilding or roof; out-house; precinct; coast, pfr^. Sj> :When
itdescends into their courtyard (37: 178).

^ [aor. ij-lj inf. noun aiC->] : He was or became a chief, lord, master,
possessed of glory, honour, eminence etc. ^jiiUj : He was or became
the chief of his people, or he ruled over them. : A chief, lord,
master; a prince or king; a woman's husband; a man of rank, nobility or
distinction; the most generous, noble or high-born of a people; a liberal,
bountiful person; clement; forbearing; one who is not overcome by his
anger; one who surpasses others in intelligence; what is most eminent or
exalted of anything. XL> : The best of speech. J£i :Thechief
of the people, tjj^-jtiL- : Noble and chaste (3:40) <->\2\\jS Uip 0
:Theyfoundherlord(orhusband)atthedoor(12:26). SO and SSli
and iili are plural of Ip. u frt^fj tli ali U*ki til : We obeyed our
chiefs and our great ones (33:68). olali is the plural of Sali. apt : It
orhebecame ij-l>i i.e. black. i^rjSj-li) : His face became blacki.e. his
face became expressive of grief; he became grieved, sorrowful and
confounded or perplexed and unable to see his right course by reason
of shame or in consequence of a deed that he had done; he became
disgraced. fajz-'j oaj^i j£JJ' : Those whose faces will be black
(3:107). ij-U : Black (from apt)- apJ 2£j : A black face or a
sorrowful face. laj-U j j£ : His face becomes black or darkens
(16:59). fllj-U (feminine and plural). SajJU ^til: Hard or difficult,
grievous days. s£jJJ fl)4-j : Darkfaces or faces darkened or blackened
on account of shame or grief. flij-U^j^-j : Their faces are blackened
(39:61). fllj-li : The original copy of a book or the like, apt : Greater
and greatest in respect of estimation, rank or dignity; more or most
liberal or bountiful. ja apt j* : He is greater in rank, or is more
liberal than such a one. I ^ ap^'l : The most dignified or exalted or
bountiful of the people (plural is aj-i). apt : Black; black race, (frlap
feminine). ^lapSM : The serpent and the scorpion etc.; dates and water.

420

Ja^Ji : From the black thread (2:188). 1°^ 44^>: Raven
black(35:28).

3*~» [aor. j j^j inf. noun jj-o or s jj~>] jl : He leaped or sprang

to or upon him. jU- : He was angry; he rose or became elevated, j*-"
: He ascended the wall. JaJl?Jl j : He ascended the wall or
climbed or scaled it like a thief. >J\j*uJ\ I i) : When they climbed
over the wall of his chamber (38:22). also means, he put on a
bracelet or decked himself with it. jj-^ (plural : The wall of a

city; the upper or uppermost part of the head; a repast to which people
are invited, jj-h o Jai ; There will be set up between them a wall
(57: 14). ji and ji and ji j-l>i : A woman's bracelet of silver or of
gold. ij^>\ and jjL^i (plural). ±J>i : Bracelets of gold (43:54).

X^ai^AjjlJ \°JJ-: Willbemadetowearbraceletsofsilver(76:22). fljj^>
: Eminence or nobility; rank or station; high or exalted rank or station;
excellence, (plural j and j j^>) ^ 5 j a! : He has eminence in
glory. 4jj^> also signifies, what is goodly and tall of structure; the
extremity of anything; arow of stones or bricks of wall; a sign or token.

U4^j : Between them two is a sign; a Chapter of the Holy Qur'an
(j plural). UlJ jji iyjli : This is a chapter which We have revealed
(24:2). jl»\°J& :ThenbringtenChapterslikeit(ll:14).ij}-. :

A leap or spring.

[aor. V^j inf. noun ^°y>\ : He mixed it, one part with another, and
stirred it about and beat it. I>jJ signifies the putting together of two
things in a vessel, then beating them with the hand until they become
mixed. : Such a one manages or conducts in person

the war. tyA ^j^> : He rendered his affair; he confused. &l»> : He
wMppedhim. J»j^: A whip; scourge; -kj-H cJj-^ : I struck Zaid
with a whip. i>j^ : A portion or share; vehemence or severity; a
mixture, oil* L_Syj °^1s- : Thy Lord, then, let fall upon them
the whip of punishment or a mixture of punishments or a portion or
share or vehemence or severity of punishment (89:14); a remaining
portion of water or of a pool of water left by a torrent; a place where

421

water collects and stagnates; a road or track of little width between two
elevations.

[aor. inf. noun ^°y*\ *^iJi £li : The thing was wasted, c-pli
J^V 1 : The camels were left to themselves without a pastor. Jjfp'^j-^ :
The man pas sed from hour to hour or he remained behind or held back
for a time. : A space; a period; an hour; a moment; an indefinite
time; little while or short time; a watch, a clock. a 1* cJJLf : I sat
with him for a little while. apUj 5 j^ 1 ^ : They cannotremain behind
a single moment (10:50) iPli : Difficulty, distress or affliction. i*U
: A grievous or distressing hour or time, distance or remoteness.
a£Uj^3 : In a short time; ipL-li : A little while ago. te^c/t : Instantly.
aplIIi : Now; just now; this moment; the Resurrection; Great Event.
aplLIi is of three kinds (1) ls-\lS\ : The death of one man. A3

UlUi ^frUf lil j&- jh\ frLSL iJjAT jdJJl j-r^ : Those indeed are the
losers who deny the meeting with Allah, until when death comes to them
suddenly (6:32). (2) Ja^>'J\ aplH' : The death of one generation. JJajJ jl
aptlil ^)£> ^ dJj jii £*>uf I lift : If the life of this boy last long, he
will not die until the death of the generation shall come to pass (a
tradition). (3) UllS\ : The Resurrection. aplUi ^ L_&)LlJ :

They ask thee concerning the Resurrection (or the time thereof) (79:43).
£ l 'y* : A certain idol of Pagan Arabs (7 1 : 24) .

L»» [aor. inf. noun and aor. inf. noun jp] . >L>\'jh\ ^U: The
drink was easy and agreeable to swallow; it passed the faeces easily
andagreeably. j\^\^> : The day was or became easy. JSpjSm *j c-*Uj
: The ground sank with him. : Applied to beverage or wine and
food means , descending easily and agreeably down the throat, easy and
agreeable to swallow; not choking. jiii UJU : Agreeable and
pleasant for those who drink (16:67). <w~*j alio *i j : And shall not be
able to swallow it easily (14: 18).

<3 <J_)^> is a particle denoting amplification, because it changes the aorist
from the strait time which is the present to the ample time, which is the
future and is used with respect to that which has not yet happened or is

422

postponed. It is a word used to denote promising or threatening.
According to some, it is synonymous with j» but according to others it
has a larger meaning than that letter and is distinct from it by its
sometimes having J prefixed to it. J*it : I will do such a thing.

&y* : Then you shall know (1 1:40). ^y, »3jUj : And soon
will Hebe pleased (92:22).

ij\-*> [aor. Jj-1* inf. noun <j\~? and <jI~j>] SliUJi Jjli : He drove, or urged
the cattle to go. dJjj*Ji J>Uj : He carried on the narration. cili
oU^Jji : The wind drove along the clouds, ijl* 1 *£\ <j>i->: He caused
good fortune to betide him. c£> Hi : We drive it to a dead land
(7:58). 'ckf^ s Xj^ : We shall drive the guilty (19:87). ^ : A
public place, a street or market-place or fair (ji j-^i plural). j> 6 j-^j
Jl ji^l : And they walked in the streets or market places (25:21). j ji
V j^ 1 : The thickest part of the fight. • : Driving, p j* >-^j ijl
J L^Ji : Unto thy Lord on that day will be the driving (75 : 3 1 ) . jjli : A
driver, ilfij jiL-l^ : Along with it a driver and a witness (50:22).
: The shank i.e. the part between the knee and the foot of a human
being; the part between the ankle and the knee of a human being; leg of
ananimal; stem, stock or trunk. fed : Trunk ofthe tree (plural is
<3j-i). JjLpSllj (jj-llb bLl^ jiki : Then he began to pass his hand over
(their) legs and (their) necks (38:34). JIp tsj^l* : It then stands
firm on its stems (literally, "legs") (48:30). Jli Jl* f jail cJitf : The
people became in a state of distress, c i i i* jt JLj JIp ^j^ 1
JL> o j*Ji : The fight became vehement. aSUj y>^\ udf : The
affair became distressful. JlUi is an Arab idiom meaning to

become prepared to meet the difficulty or to become perplexed, ci l f
I^SLj ^p : She uncovered her shanks; she became perplexed; she
became prepared to meet the difficult situation (27:45). jp fji
JLj : When the truth shall be laid bare; when there will be severe
affliction; on the day when calamity shall be disclosed (68:43) cJbJlj
(Jlllb julli : When one shank rubs against the other shank in agony;
whenafflictioniscombinedwithaffliction(75:30).

423

J [aor. Jj-lJinf. noun J : He or it was or became lax, flaccid; it hung
down loosely; it was or became pendent. \y>\ klJi 'tfy* : His soul
embellished or commended to him a thing or an affair; his soul made it
appear to him easy; his soul made it appear as a light matter in his eyes,
or pictured to him what is foul as fair and goodly. *J\ SyA. ■ Such a
thing is imaged on the mind to me. ^ J j-» j^^' : Satan led them into
error; Satan facilitated to them the commission of great sins, or he
incited them to indulgence in lusts, or he made the commission of great
sins appear small in their eyes or embellished to them the things which
theydesired(47:26).

^ [aor. inf. noun : He did as he pleased; OUJl cJd : The
cattle pastured where they pleased. a^UJi ^>UjI : He left the cattle to
pasture as they pleased; he took or made the cattle to pasture. a3
5jil?J : On which you pasture (your cattle) (16: 1 1). J* cJ>C>
tjjijl : The bird hovered round the thing. : He imposed upon

him the affair, as a task, or in spite of difficulty or trouble or
inconvenience; he ordered or constrained him to do the thing, it being
difficult or troublesome; he made or incited him to do or to incur the
event or affair, old*] I s.°jl> °^>°y>°^ ; They afflicted you with dreadful
torment (2:50). He brought abasement upon Mm. J4^' fj-» :

He sent forth the horses to pasture where they would. :Helefthim
to do what he pleased. ^}ili ^ fy* : He urged (his horses) against the
people and made havoc among them. J- yiii : He put a mark upon
the horse; he put a mark upon the horse with an iron such as is used for
brandingorwithsomethingwherebyitshouldbeknown. a^j~JJi J4*J> :
The pastured horses; the horses sent forth with their riders upon them;
the marked horses; the horses marked by a colour differing from the
rest of the colour or by branding; the horses of goodly make (1 1:84).

aSJ">UIi ja : Angels making havoc or attacking vehemently
(3: 126). ^j^> or Ul-> : A mark, sign or token or badge by which a
thing is known or by which the good is known from the bad. ^ Ju
^Ul-H : Thou canst know them by theirmark(2:274).

424

(J j** [aor. (S j^j inf. noun c£ j->] J^Ji t$ j~» : The affair of the man became
right or straight. : (1) He made it equal, uniform, level, plain,
straight, right or direct. j>°/i\ dJji : He was buried and the earth
was made level over him. je]^ c£ j— > °J: That the earth were made
level with them (4:43). oij*i ^Li jAij-i : He perfected them as seven
heavens (2:30); (2) he made it uniform or equal with another thing and
like it; (3) he made it symmetrical; he made itcongruous or consistent in
its several parts; he made or fashioned it in a suitable manner; (4) he
made it to be adopted to the requirements of wisdom; (5) he made it
complete, or completed or perfected its make. o'jA j!As ijy* : Such a
one adjusted or rectified his affair; (6) he made it right or good; (7) he
rectified or adjusted it; (8) God made His creation symmetrical or made
him complete and perfect. To the verses *4ji lij (15:30) and <stt\
l_T j~i ^Sly- (82:8) and laji Uj jJ&j (91:8) all these meanings apply.

Cjy, jiijj-J i\; When we held you equal to the Lord of the world
(26:99). 44& ( j ^4~*J> ^ f^ti : The good and the bad are not alike
(5:101). c£ jail : He sought or desired what was equable, uniform; it was
or became equal, equable, alike, uniform, level, straight, right. ^ o jail
J»yi\ : Theearth, became levelwiththemi.e.theyperishedintheearth.
as ji Jlp jsils" : It stood straight or erect or became strong, stood
erect on its stem (48:30). <j*j*ti J* ujjaiij : Rested on Al-Judi
(11 :45). Asjii j$> JUp i£ jail : He was or became firm or became firmly
seated or settled himself on the back of his beast. c£ jail also

means , he gained or had the mastery or complete control or ascendancy
over the thing. J>yA\ J£ is jail p : Then He settled Himself firmly on
the Throne i.e. He had ascendancy over the heaven so as to have
everything in the universe equally within His grasp (7:55). J4^l csjai) :
The man became mature in body and intellect, or he attained the utmost
limit of youth and the completion of his make and intellect i.e. attained
his full physical and intellectual vigour, csjaiij alii \U j : When he
reached his full strength and attained maturity (28:15). tS jails e^ji :
The Possessor of strength. So He manifested or possessed His
ascendance over everything (53:7). ^UkJl <s jail : The food became

425

thoroughly cooked, t^iJl J\ csjaii : He turned towards a thing, p
frUUl J\ jail : Then He turned towards the heavens (2:30). Sljli :It
was or became equal to it and like it in measure, extent, size, bulk,
quantity and in value. j^-UJi ^.<Jj^> : When he had levelled up the
space between the two mountain-sides (18:97). : (1) Equality,
equability, uniformity or evenness (syn. £lj4), equity, justice or
rectitude. iXy* JUp JLyli : Throw back to them (their covenant) on
terms of equality or with equity (8 : 59) ; (2) the middle or midst of a thing
(fr^ill fr'ji). j*^*^ frlji ^ «l^ : And he shall see him in the middle or
midstofthe fire of Hell (37:56). J^Uu7)i : The middle of the road or
the right road or path (5: 78); (3) the summit of a mountain or a hill or
eminence; (4) equal, equable, uniform. $>°y&\ <■ £j-» : It being
equal to them whether thou warn them (2:7); (5) Complete; ^ji ll»
frlj~- : This is a complete dirhem; (6) Equitable, just or right. JJl \°j\k>
Laalj tlji : Come ye to an equitable, just or right word
between us and you (3:65); (7) Equidistant or midway between two
parties orplaces; (8) Equal or alike. Jil £lji \ : They are
not all alike; among the People of the Book (3: 1 14). tS'y* :

Alikeforallseekers(41:ll);(9)Alike,asimilarperson. cSj^and tjj~>
: Alike; equidistant or midway. lSj^> Ul& : A place equidistant or
midway; or a market-place, or having a mark or sign by which one is
guided or directed thereto (20:59). <s _4> : Complete or full; right or
direct; of symmetrical and good and uniform make, is j~» j : A man
equally free from excess and deficiency in disposition and make, or
sound in limbs. £te : A young man uniform in make or

symmetrical, without disease and without fault or defect. ^y^\i>\'j^\ :
The road or way that neither exceeds nor falls short of that which is
right; the right or direct road. l| JCi d>!AS : Full three nights; with no
bodily defect for three nights (19:11). l^iJ $ Jsiai : And he
appearedtoherintheformofaperfectman(19:18). tkl_^ 4£jil :
I will guide thee to the right path ( 1 9 :44) .

Lo [aor. 44-4 inf. noun 44-"] : He went wherever he would. For X$S* see
at the end where proper nouns and technical terms are dealt with.

426

[aor. £L*J inf. noun £4^>] j^j^M *f j Ji* : It (the water) ran upon
the surface of the earth. Jp°fi\ J> ^ (inf. noun i*-£-0 : He went or
journeyed through the land or earth for the purpose of devoting himself
to religious services or exercises. Je]^ J> Ij^i : So journey through
or go about the land (9:2). (plural : A man going or

journeying through the earth; fasting or a faster; a faster who keeps to
the mosques, jjsxili : The fasters; those who observe the obligatory
fasts; those who fast constantly; those who journey to war against
disbelievers or to seek knowledge. jj^JtUl ajijUiii : Those who
praise Allah and those who go about in the land serving Him (9: 1 12).

tH> : A running water. oU*jL> (feminine of jj^ili). oL*JUj oilil*
: Women devout in worship, given to fasting (66:6). For £4-^ which
may be derived from £li or « see at the end where proper names
have been dealt with.

jL->» [aor. 'J-^i inf. noun and and 5 : He or it went, travelled,
journeyed, passed away or departed. "J^> : Going; departure; journey;
il'ji i^J jii : He went at vehement or fast pace. \*J~*> JU*ii ^-J :
Mountains will move away or pass away quickly. fUb jL> j : And he
was travelling with his family (28:30). j^jSM j> \j'j~> : Travel in the land
(3:138). fljp :Hemade him oritgojourney, depart, pass, moveorgo
away. flJij # »'J^> : He expelled him from his town. ^bJi J> jL- : It
became commonly known among the people. J&tJl _^~~s fj* : On the
day when We shall remove the mountains or make the mountains move
or pass (18:48). p\ J> Cs^j* : He it is Who enables you to

journey through land (10:23). s'J^ : A way, course, rule, mode or
manner of acting or conduct of life, or the like; mode of being;
condition, state, (syn. J) yi\ : We shall restore it to

its former state (20:22). Stories of the ancients, j^j^ °J>, ^ : This
isinthestoriesoftheancients;military expedition. Vj&> : Acompanyof
travellers. «j£->fj$ : A company of persons journeying. aj£->oiUf :A
carvan of travellers came (12:20). uJljOl : Venus, Mars, Jupiter,
Mercury and Saturn.

427

J l«*> [aor. j4—*4 inf. noun J4~»] *UJi J : The water flowed. J4^» ^ cit~» :
The horsemen poured upon him. Lj J^j Jl^Ji ^ Jl~- (a

proverb) : They fell into a hard case, and we fell into one that was harder
than it. \AjlL cili : So that valleys flow according to their
measure(13:18). : A torrent or flow of water; a flood. Jllii J^-^
Ci j li5j : And the flood bears (on its surface) swelling foam (13:18).
J4~- : A fierce flood (34:17). aJUi : He made it flow or run. aJ iILij
1 : And We caused to flow for him a fountain of molten copper
(34:13).

428

Shin

Numerical Value = 300

429

^l*> [aor. (»UJ inf. noun Uu>] ^>U> : He called ill-luck to fall upon
them. a^U> and : The left side or direction. U^JUJi :
Those on the left hand, or those who will have their records
given to them in their left hands, or the occupants of the low or
ignoble station (56:10).

[aor. (S^d inf. noun 5u>] : I pursued his way, doing as

he did. 5^ : A thing, an affair or a business; state, condition,
quality or manner of being; importance attached to a thing or
person; rank or dignity; property, fte* J^j j* : He is a man
of great rank or dignity or importance or nature. J** & <uii>
iaT: It is of his nature that he should do such a thing. l_SoU>U ;
What is thy business or what is thy state? jaQ i^jiiUil IM*
c~s~> j^i &\*: So when they ask thy leave for some affair of their,
give leave to those of whom thou pleast (24:63). jlA j> j» £j* JT:
Every day He is in a different state (55:30).

V 1 [aor. <uiu inf. noun l^J] «U 4^ and <u 4^ : He made it to be
like it or to resemble it. y!i\ *Lz> ; He rendered the affair
confused or obscure or ambiguous to him. $ j& j : But he
was made to appear to them like one (crucified), or it appeared
so unto them (4:158). : The two men were so like

each other that it was difficult to distinguish one from the
other. UlU *jUj 'j22\ 5] : For (all such) cows appear to us alike
(2:71). ji^Jt AjlLsi : So that the (two) creations appear
similar to them (13:17). 1>\J^ : Mutually resembling;
co-similar; alike (6:100,142). k£jj : He made himself to be like
him, or he affected likeness with him. dlsf : A Book

(whose verses are) mutually supporting (39:24). : (1) Is

used about that phrase sentence or verse which is susceptible of
different, though concordant, interpretations; or (2) about that
whose parts resemble one another; (3) that whose true
significance bears a similarity to a sense which is not meant; or
(4) that of which the true meaning is known only by referring
to it what is termed p*** (decisive); or (5) that which cannot
be rightly understood without repeated considerations. jsMj

431

ol^Uww : And others that are susceptible of different meanings
(3:8).

Cw5> [aor. e-~J inf. noun c-i and obi.] : It (the state of affairs of a
party) became dissolved, broken up, discarded or unsettled.
IjxsJb : They became separated, disunited, dispersed or
scattered. c-A : Separation, disunion or dispersion.
ola-SJl (a saying of the Holy Prophet) : I fear for you division,
disunion. ci> also means, scattered, dissolved, disunited,
divided, disordered, unsettled, c-i ^1 : A dissolved state of
affair. jJz^'Ja : Their hearts are divided (59:15). h\'-
Your endeavours are diverse (92:5). obAi (plural). bbAi ijjbf :
They came separated, disunited i.e. 'J^joa. lJ ^' j' 6' :
Whether you eat together or separately (24:62).

[aor. inf. noun js-i] ibiJl bi> : The winter commenced. bi>
f j^Jl : The day was or became intensely cold. Ji-Jb o)iA : I
stayed in the town during the winter. £bA : winter; hail that falls
from the sky; drought or dearth. Jl~*}\j *blii lU-j : Journey in
winter and summer (106:3). ot-Afjd : An intensely cold day.

j?f-5> [aor. inf. noun p$h> y>^ : The affair or case

became complicated and confused so as to be a subject of
disagreement and difference between them. ^>j^>i^ :
Respecting the disagreement or difference that has happened
between them (4:66). g>% iy^> : He thrust him with the spear.

: He raised the hanging branches of the tree, :
The kind of plant that has a trunk or stem; a tree (plural is
jt*il). ijU j**H\ cyt ■ Fire out of the green tree (36:81). It
is also used as plural of Sj^A. yfjjlj ji^lj : And the

stemless plants and the trees submit (55:7). : A tree, so

called because of the intermixing or confusion of its branches.
p*t*}\ JJ»I °J) £yu ij^> : It is a tree that springs forth in the
bottom of Hell (37:65). ^jSjJl 3j^i : The tree of Zaqqum
(37:63). : A good tree (14:25). : An evil tree

(14:27). fcjiLdi : The cursed tree (17:61). : The

stock or origin of a person; a pedigree. ~0> i/j^ & j* : He is of

432

6*

a good stock; a small speck on the chin of a boy.

[aor. and ^Jj and ^AJ inf. noun jLa and jLi and C^l : He
was or became niggardly, stingy or avaricious; he was or
became niggardly or avaricious in the utmost degree or with a
culpable desire. aJU Jlp j\ aJUj £-SJ j* : He is niggardly of his
property. jLa : Niggardliness, stinginess; greed or avarice. °y>
Ju~jj jLz> : Whoso is guarded against the avarice of his
own-soul (59:10). lAil (and also £U~> and H^Al) is the plural of
£4*-A i.e. niggardly, stingy or avaricious or vehemently greedily
or culpably greedy. j^A Jlp jl t^ij j* : He is niggardly of a
thing. jIaJI is^AI : Being greedy for wealth (33:20). *Aai
Being niggardly of aid to you (33 : 20). £Ui> Jj?jl : Land
that will not flow with water unless in consequence of much
rain.

[aor. inf. noun : He was or became fat. (aor.

'ff^j inf. nun ^i>) : He was or became desirous of fat.
(aor. jiA^J and (^AaJ and j»*«-Aj inf. noun fj^A) Siut c-i^A : The
she-camel became fat after leanness. fj^A is the plural of (JAa
which means fat; the substance of fatness. U^j^A '^i> ;
We forbade to them their fat (6: 147). J*-j : A fat man.

<y***> [aor. j^Aj inf. noun js^A] klf^ 1 : He filled (or laded) and
completely equipped or furnished the ship. ~*4^ :

He filled the town with horsemen. j^A : He drove away
the man. j*j> ji 'ykJ* : He bore malice against him.
^°j*Jj>]\ L_5UiJi : In the laden and completely equipped or
furnished ships (36:42).

Ja^t-i [aor. Ja^u^d inf. noun Jfj*^] *^AJl j^-A : The thing rose or
became raised. <uj3 ^ : He went forth from his people.

: He returned to them. ja^b : The star rose.

ij^Li ij^u jos*J> : He raised his eye towards the sky and did not
move his eyelids, t'^eu ja*£ : His eyes became fixedly open.
jUaj^i 4j Jfljt^j : On which eyes will fixedly stare (14:43): S-i^lA
(act. part, feminine gen.) L^-lA liU: Then behod, (the eyes)
will fixedly stare (21:98).

433

[aor. a-SJ and a,iJ inf. noun a-A] J*-^ 1a : The man ran. jl^ 1 ^- *
: The day advanced. aIas 1a : He strengthened his arm i.e.
helped him. ui^j-b l^Iap J-sI* : We will strengthen thy arm
with thy brother (28:36). flaJ Jlp 1a : He strengthened him and
helped him. li (inf. noun 5li). The man became strong.
4^Jl iai j\ a£u illl ai : God strengthened or may God strengthen
his dominion. Uiai : We have strengthened their make

(76:29). iA: He made the thing hard, firm, compact, strong
or he bound it fast. 3a_i«ji ai. :He tied the knot firmly. Jttjil Ijiii:
Then bind fast the fetters (47:5). Jt^l ia : The binding of the
camels saddles is a metonymical phrase for going on a journey,
j j*S( J* ai. : He attacked the enemy, ^fij& Jl* Siislj : And Thou
attack their hearts (10:89). <jjj\ <u aJL&1 : Thou make my strength
more strong with him (20:32). ai (aor. I4J inf. noun 5jLa) : He
became strong, ajai. : Firm; strong; compact; powerful; robust;
sturdy; courageous; brave; keen or tenacious; niggardly;
avaricious; exalted, ajaij Jj£\ k>\ ; On account of the love
of wealth he is tenacious; or he is very keen for the love of
wealth (100:9). a^jS Jl* JU aii }» : He is very hard upon his
people, alu. <1>\1* l£j : For them is severe punishment (3:5).
ola*}! aJai. : Severe in punishing (2:166). oii*Ji aJai : Severe in
punishment (2:197). ajai. : Of mighty powers (53:6). aJai
Jl^uJi : Mighty in wrath (13:14). jliJlaUai J^-j : A man whom
sleep does not overcome. *liAI (plural applied to men). ^ illil
jU^ii : Very hard upon the disbelievers (48:30). Sjia and StJLft
(plural applied to things and men). SllA ^ : Seven hard years
(12:49). iaJai (feminine of aJai). jbllA (plural of 5%*). ail :
(more ajai. i.e. possessing the quality of «1a in a greater
measure i.e. more or most hard). SilA Js">U ; Angels stern
and severe (66:7). Jj & aii : Stronger in (their) love for God
(2:166). Iai : He reached his physical and intellectual maturity.
Iai : Physical and intellectual maturity; puberty together with
such maturity as gives evidence of rectitude of conduct or
course of life; firmness or soundness of judgement produced by
experience. SiAl^UCil : When he reached his age of full

434

strength (12:23). IsAI : It was or became hard, severe, firm.
4j d)laiil : On which the wind blows violently (14: 19).

j-i [aor. j-ii and and j-ii inf. noun ^A and Sjl^A and jj-S>] : He
was or became evil, corrupt or depraved; he increased in evil.
»^A : He blamed him; he charged him with or accused him of
vice or fault; he attributed to him vice, blemish etc. i^iil *ji>\ :
He published the thing or made it known. : He drove him
away. j-$>: (1) Evil, wickedness, wrongdoing, corruption;
badness, injustice (contr. of *J*-). "yi> &j : And from the

evil of the envier (113:6); (2) An evil or bad man as also y,j2>
(plural is and it^AI and j'j~>)- $ J* J-* • Nay, it is evil for
them (3:181). j-5> is also used to denote the comparative and
superlative degrees. ^A }» : He is worse than thou, j-i j*A9
j-ut : Such a one is the worst of the people. c-Aj °ja 1a j Ui*
frU-lJl ^ji : Their Ulema will be the most wicked people under
the vault of heaven (a saying of the Holy Prophet), j-i lJ^JjI
Ji^il : They are the worst of creatures (98:7). ^> :
These are in worse plight (5:61). also means poverty; fever,
jij^i (as stated above) is the plural of j-i. ^UJl jlj.il ^ : They
are the most evil or wicked people. jljiVl ^1* : We used to
reckon them among the wicked (38:63). jj^> and jlj^A : Sparks
of fire. jJ^JlT jj^ ^ji l£l : It throws up sparks like castles
(77:33). '

Q 1 [aor. inf . noun ur 1 and ^r 1 and <1> ji> and oj-^] ^

iUil: He drank the water, or he drank it at a single draught or
leisurely; he was or became satisfied with drinking, iljlil o j-* :
He took or swallowed the medicine, jl^li! 4* j- 5 " : He smoked
the tobacco, Ijijilj- l>T : Eat and drink (2:188). >Ui J£i
Time destroyed him. Sj^Aj ^tf jf( : Such a one
consumed my property, <u o^a : He lied against him.

If the love of a thing enters and saturates the mind of a person,
then do not think that he will ever get away from it.

435

YJJ- ojiJi v 1 j-* 1 : The garment was saturated with redness, O j-* 1
A^-^Ii^ : His heart was saturated with his love; his love
pervaded his heart. When this verb is used in the passive voice,
it means the thing became saturated with. J^*3i pbi'J* °J> Ij^l =

Jj^*Jl CJ- (i^jjii 'jo-*' : They were made to drink into their
hearts the love of the calf i.e. love of the calf pervaded their
hearts (2:94). uj^ : Water that one drinks; a draught of water
or milk; a share or portion of water that falls to one's lot; the
right to use water for watering fields and beasts; a
watering-place; a turn or time of drinking. OjJi IgJ : She has her
turn of drinking (26:156). ^te*J OjJi JT : Every drinking-time
may be attended (54:29). ^r 1 : The act of drinking, ojo 1 -^

^1 <J°j& : Drinking like the drinking of the camels that suffer
from insatiable thirst (56:56). : A beverage or drink of

any of the liquids; wine; such beverage as is forbidden. JJl °J*\
L_SCoUt» : Just look at thy food and thy drink (2:260).

4>jU> (plural 6jo^ and ^J 1 -*) : One wno drinks (act. part.); a
drinker; drinking; moustache, : Plural is oj'j-* meaning

moustaches. ^J 1 -^ : P ure an d pleasant for those who

drink (16:67). oj-*-" : A place or time of drinking; the quarter
whence one drinks; a place at a river where one comes to drink.

^j2Jl oj-li l& : This is the drinking-place of the people. JT ^ '<&

^jJU^UI : Every tribe knew their drinking-place (7:161).

(jjjjUi also means, people drinking or assembling for drinking.

o jtLi : Plural of i- e - a drink. It is also plural of i.e.
an upper chamber; green and juicy herbage. ftfk : Food

that is cause of drinking, oj^j l$J ^ : In them they have
many benefits and also drinks (36:74).

^ j-i [aor. £j-SJ inf. noun £^>] (iAUl : He cut the meat
lengthwise or into many pieces. ilLliil : He explained,
expounded the question. £j-S> : He understood the talk.

's.°JiA\ : He opened the thing, guarded it, preserved it.
t^lAJ fljli or : He was pleased with the thing.

a 'jLfi &\ ; God opened up or expanded or dilated his bosom
(for the favourable acceptance of any thing on what was good).

436

[ijX^p llJl ^j-Si : God expanded his bosom for the
acceptance of Islam (6: 126). tjl^ _y»3b £_j-S> <y> J$ j : But he who
opens his heart for the acceptance of disbelief (16:107).

ij-i [aor. i'j^t inf. noun Sjj-i and Si : He took fright and fled or
ran at random; he departed. fUl Ji> ij-i : He departed from the
obedience of God. fli^> (transitive verb) : He made him to take
fright and flee or run away at random. <o a^A : He rendered him
notorious by exposing his vices and faults. <y> ^ S^ii :

Then strike fear in those that are behind them (by routing
them); terrify or disperse or scatter those that are behind them
or render them notorious by exposing their faults for those who
will come after them (8:58).

(plural fil^A and ^j-*] : A party or company of men or a small
number of men; a piece or portion of a thing. fil^A 4>Q : Old
and worn-out garments, ^ >• S] : They are indeed a small
party (26:55).

J* [aor. ^o'j^i and inf. noun -kj-*> : He imposed

upon him such a condition. llio Li i>j-M : He marked himself
and prepared himself for such an affair. aISi ij-il : He made it
known that his camels were for sale. ti!» ^ &Uj ilii ^j-Sil :
He put forward or offered himself and his property in this
affair. Jsj-i (plural ilj-il): (1) A sign, token or mark which men
appoint between them. ilj^i : The signs of the

Resurrection; (2) the beginning of a thing. \#>\jS\ *Uf Ail : Its
beginnings or signs have already appeared (47:19). ^ul :
The best or meanest of people. ^UJl ^Ij-il j* : He is among
the basest or the noblest of people.

^ j& [aor. ^y^i inf. noun «-Uil ^ o'j^ 1 ^j-* • The beasts

entered into the water. yH\ j> ^j-fc : He entered into the affair.

: Such a one made manifest the truth. *UJi ^ ^ jJ> : He
entered the water or drank the water with his hands. U *h\
llT : God made it manifest such a thing for us, or He instituted,
established or prescribed for us a religious law or ordinance.
J^Ji ^j-i : The man made manifest the truth and crushed the

437

falsehood. J*^' £_j-*> : The way became manifest. ^j-5>
jjJJi : He (God) has prescribed for you the religion (42:14).
£j«SJl or a* jlS\ or te'jlii : Signifies ^jJi because it is a way to
Eternal life or because of its manifestness; the religious Law of
God, consisting of such ordinances as those of Fasting and
Prayer and Pilgrimage etc. &°j~> also means, a custom. 4*j-*>
also signifies a law, an ordinance or a statute of religion or way
of belief and practice in respect of religion; a way of belief or
conduct that is manifest and right in religion. a*j-*> means, a
watering-place such as is permanent and apparent to the eye,
like the water of rivers; a way to water. J&:
For each of you, We prescribed a clear religious Law and a way
(5:49). ifkjZ Jl£ <*SJ*?r p : Then We set thee on a clear path
(45:19). ^jU : Entering into water to drink (plural £j-5> and
^j^d^VT '■ Fishes lowering their heads to drink, or
directing themselves or repairing from the deep water to the
bank; fish appearing upon the surface of the water. p&te *\
\s.^> j^alJ f°j> : When their fish came to them on their Sabbath
day appearing on the surface of water (7:164). : A main
road. ^jUJi : The learned man or the Prophet who practises
what he knows and instructs others.

ij j-i [aor. Jj^-Sj inf. noun <j^>] J~«-iJl cJj-*> : The sun rose. J j-*>
(aor. : The thing became intensely red with blood or with
a beautiful red colour. J~LiJi ci j-i : The sun became near
setting and its colour became blended with duskiness and
redness. *&rj Jj-it : His face shone and was bright with beauty,
(ij-it : He entered upon the time of sunrise. jj^^ijiliU : They
pursued and overtook them at sunrise (26:61). /jm
Lgjj : And the earth shall shine with the light of its Lord (39:70).
jlj-Sil : Sunrise (38:19). Jt°j2> : Relating to the east; of the east;
place of sunrise; eastern. j>°jt> jiiU : A place facing the east; a
place upon which the sun shines; a place to the east. LfUl

: From her people to a place to the east (19:17). 0$&A
feminine), Sfj aj^> Si : Neither of the east nor of the west
(24:36). j^J'j J yUfi : The place or quarter or direction of

438

sunrise, '■ The place of sunrise of summer and that of

winter; the place of sunrise and the place of sunset or the east
and the west. J£ j*Ji uj j c£ r^ 1 : Lord of the two easts and
Lord of the two wests (55:18). ^jJLji & ^> : Would

that between me and thee were the distance of the East and the
West (43:39). plural of jj-^) ^j^j Jefo <3jU^ :

Eastern lands and western lands (7:138). JjULiJl Cj'y, ^Jil ^ :
But nay, I swear by the Lord of the easts (70:41).

t— [aor. J^j-Jj inf. noun *^~»] aTj-* : He shared, participated or
partook with him in it; he was or became a co-partner to him in
it; he entered with him into it. J>H\ J> Asfj-il : I made him a
co-partner in the affair. fUb : He attributed or associated

co-partner to God; he set up equals with God; he believed in
duality or plurality of gods; he disbelieved (syn. jis"). ^jJJi
ijTj-M : Those who set up equals with God say (16:36). <jl U
4j L^j-iJ : He (God) does not forgive if a partner is associated
with Him (4:49). tJTjlA and lJ^I are syn. ijj^jt'^ jMj : And
Thou make him share my task or co-partner or co- sharer in my
task (20:33). JljWl J> ^jUsj : And be their partner or
co-partner in wealth (17:65). if jlA : Co-partnership occurred
between them, o^i : A sharing, participation, co-partnership;
setting up or associating false gods with the One God; belief in
plurality of gods; disbelief; hypocrisy. : A share. \i"j^> &£-\

j± : He emancipated a share belonging to him in a slave. h\
ipa£ p& o^iJl : Surely, associating partners (with God) is a
grievous wrong (31:14). {J&j~-i dj'J^. '■ They will deny your
having associated them (with God) (35:15). l_£j-*> (plural
j^>) : A sharer, partner; a co-partner or equal with another; an
associate or a colleague of another. aJ j&t : He (God) has no
partner (16:164). t&'ji> aJJ : And they set up equals or

partners with God (6:101). 'J^'r* : My co-partners (which you
set up) (41:48). oyLS (act. part, from cJ'jii) : One who
associates false gods with God, or equals or co-partners with
Him; an idolater; disbeliever; a hypocrite. lSjJJ>& II* :

A believing slave is better than an idolater (2:222). h°£ and

439

jIT j-iJ : Are plurals of ^SjJJ>. ojT yLiJi « ^S" }Jj : Even though the
idolaters or disbelievers may hate (it) (9:33). jlf :

Most of them were disbelievers or idolaters (30:43). ii" ji**
(feminine of lJ'jIS and &\£ ji^ is plural) (2:222;33:74). OO^}:
They shared, participated with one another or were or became
co-partners. ^ jijJ ol.U)l J> : Sharers in the punishment
(37:34)

<Jj-«> [aor. tij-^ inf. noun slj-i : He sold it or he gave it for a
price; he bought it or he took it or acquired it for a price; he
possessed it by sale. *JJl oU»y iUsji i~ai ji ^uJi j*j : And of
men there is he who would sell himself to seek the pleasure of
God (2:208). ^ «Jr*J : And they sold him for a paltry
price (12:21). s\f£\ : He purchased or bought it; he took it in
exchange for another thing; he preferred it to another thing.
Sometimes it means, he sold it i.e. syn. with <s^i>. cSj^j also
means, he gave up one thing and laid hold on another. aJJI jl
faM ^jXJi & : Allah has purchased of the believers their
persons (9:111). IbUdl ijjaAi : They preferred error to

guidance; they took error in exchange for guidance; they
bought or purchased error for guidance; they relinquished
guidance and laid hold of error. See iai> under 789.

iJsJi [aor. ikij inf. noun lki> and £)Jai>] : He walked on the bank or
side of the river; he subdued or overpowered (a man), ^jjil lk£:
The seed-produce put forth its sprouts. 'j%Jbi\ : The trees
put forth sprouts around their bases or stems. S^Jjl olLil
l^ij-i* : The tree put forth its branches. J^J' ikil : He had a son
who had attained to manhood and became like him. t£*\'J\ Uai>i :
The side of the valley flowed with water. £iai> : Sprouts of
seed-produce and of plants or herbage of palm-trees or leaves
thereof; the shoots that come forth around the bases or stems of
plants or herbage or of trees. «lJai> : That has put forth its
sprouts or its extremity or its ears. (48:30). : The bank or
side of a valley and of a river. "*&yi\ '■ The sides of the
valley. It has no plural. ^ '^\lS\ : The shore of the sea.

440

JaJ> JlaJk

(^Wlj-i plural). & &y '■ He was called from the

right side of the valley (28:3 1).

JaJi) [aor. ^kij inf. noun *jeJ*\ VjaJb : He halved it; he divided it into
halves. fl^Jai JL^S ji fl^Jai ^ki. : He betook himself in the direction
of him. jllil o^Jai : The house was distant or remote; ^ 'jaJ$>
: He withdrew far away from his family or he broke off
from them or quitted them in anger. *JaJi> ; The half of a thing; a
part or portion of a thing; o^V 1 'J°^ jj4^' : Purification is part
of faith; a direction in which one looks or goes. j Jj^
£\^*tS\ : So turn thy face towards the direction of the

Sacred Mosque (2:145). It also means, remoteness or distance.

[aor. kij inf. noun ki] : It (a house) was or became distant or
far. Jai : He rendered him far off or he transgressed against
or acted unjustly towards him. Jai (aor. Ja~J inf. noun Jaki) :
He transgressed or acted wrongfully or unjustly he exceeded
the right bounds; he became removed far away from the right
or the truth. «u£?-^jJai : He acted unjustly, wrongfully,
injuriously in his judgement. cJakA : I acted wrongfully,
tyrannically or wrongfully against him. diAL-^Jai : He
exceeded or went far beyond the due bounds in bargaining for
his commodity. (Jail is syn. with Jai). JjiJl J> Jai : He was
harsh or rude in speech. Jaki = (kkiji y>\) ; Enormity; a thing
exceeding the proper bounds or an enormous thing; an
extravagant thing, kkiji *J»\ : An affair that is extravagant or
exorbitant or exceeding the due bounds (kkSi ji J}s lit US lii
kki : We should have uttered an enormous thing (18:15).

jk*> [aor. 'JoIj inf. noun jhs> and 5jk*] £ki> : He turned away in
opposition to him from his design or aim or his direction or
course; he put him away (a^O ; he bound him with the long
rope, isp jki : He was or became removed from him or it. jki
J^-jJl : The man was or became remote or far away from the
truth or from the mercy of God. J^j^ J> jLs> : It entered into
the earth. ^tiaLkS\ : The wicked or evil spirit i.e. Satan or the
devil. jkliJl &\ J-j-iji : But Satan whispered evil suggestions to

441

him (20:121). : A devil; any one that is excessively or

inordinately proud or corrupt or rebellions or that is insolent
and audacious in pride and in acts of rebellion of mankind and
of the jinn and of beasts; serpent or a certain species of serpents
(jltlli plural). ^ialJi JJl lit : When they are alone with
their devils or ring-leaders (2:15). l ^ a LJii \ J-jij lilT : As if it
were the heads of serpents (37:66). t >° .kl.. t Ji J-js-j has been taken
by some as meaning heads of certain foul or ugly plants. jtJali
also signifies any blamable faculty or power or propensity of a
man such as anger etc. $sl~^\ &j : His anger got the
ascendancy over him or he was or became very angry. kUali. ^jj;
He plucked out his pride, : Devil of the waterless

deserts i.e. thirst, jlal^ 1 'jr** °J>) may also mean thirst has
touched me i.e. I am very thirsty (38:42). S^K^ may also have
been derived from Uai. which means, he burnt or he perished. In
this sense of the word would mean, the being who burns
with hate and anger and is lost. In its wider sense the word has
also come to be used about anything which is harmful,
injurious and likely to cause suffering.

[aor. inf. noun : A road or valley between two

mountains, i^lil C*J* : He collected or united the thing; he
separated or disunited or divided the thing. °^ki> JjyJ : Their
union became broken up, or their tribe became separated, flail
s i4-?*- i : Their separation became closed up, or their tribe drew
together; C*J* : He repaired or adjusted; he impaired or marred.

C**J> : The thing appeared. CJ>J> : The man died. CJ>£\
JUJi J> ^ : Give me a portion of the property.
plural): Collection or union; separation or division; a great tribe
(l^Jafi ails or (ila* iy-) ; a crack; distance or remoteness, ^ld*rj
ijSjUs] JJlij £°jLi> : And We have made you into tribes and
sub-tribes that you may know one another (49:14). Ck£> also
means, a nation, people, race or family of mankind (jJ jlr
X^it : A part, division; l^iA : A branch of a tree growing
out apart; a cleft in a mountain. jO> j* ; A lock of hair.
e-iiJl fljlT : A question having many branches, &W<j* : Of

442

three branches or sides (77:31). C~*£ (plural of : ^L*J>:
The vicissitudes of time.

[aor. and j*J> aor. inf. noun and <u ^ and ^
<u : He knew it or had knowledge of it; he was cognizant of it;
he understood it or he perceived it by means of the senses, also
aJ jj^iJUj : And they do not perceive (it) (2:13). y>^\
and y>% : He acquainted him with the affair; he made him
know it b°y*y. ^ & £Uf lit \$ ^*iJUj: And what should make
you understand (or know) that when (the Signs) come, they will
not believe? (6:1 10). \&\ : And let him not inform

(or apprise) any one about you (18:20). t'jk&\ (inf. noun :
He marked it, namely a beast destined for sacrifice at Mecca,
by stabbing it in the right side of its hump so that blood flowed
from it; he made it to be a distinguishing sign; as when the
performance of a religious service is made, or appointed by
God to be a Sign. Vj>& (plural jto) : A sign or mark; anything
by means of which another thing may be known; anything
which is considered or is performed as a mark of submission to
God; the rites of Pilgrimage and practices pertaining thereto
and the places where those rites and ceremonies are performed;
the obligatory statutes or ordinances of God. & Sj^ilj tl*Jt 5]
Jjl^JUii : Surely, Al-Safa and Al-Marwa are among the Signs of
Allah (2 : 159). ^JtfA ijkJt! : Profane not the Signs of Allah
(5:3). : A place about six miles from Mecca. It is a

place specially meant for meditation and prayer during
Pilgrimage. The name is compound of meaning the place
or means of perception or knowledge and f ij^Jt meaning sacred
(2:199). See also under "Proper Names". j*J> (aor. y^S) : He
versified; he spoke in verse. *j*$> : The predominant
signification of is poetry or verse. atu-leUj : And We
have not taught him poetry (36:70); falsehood, because of the
many lies in poetry; knowledge; cognizance. olTU j*~> ^ :
Would that I know what happened. ^ti> plural) : A poet.
"jfi\Ji *jk$,: Excellent poetry. )*U> j* Jj : But he is a poet (21:6). U
VfS\ : How good or excellent a poet is he. oj^ 1 ^4**! :

443

And as for the poets - the erring ones follow them (26:225).
3s*A and (jU-Sil plural): Hair (but not nor ^jj). l$sijJ»i
lAjUiiij IajUjIj : And of their wool and their furs and their hair
(16:81). tj'jklsi ; Sirius. i j' J kh\ 4»j j* j : And He is Lord of
Sirius (53:50)

J*-i [aor. J*id inf. noun J*i>] jllll JiAl j\ jut J*i> : He kindled the fire,
^tfl ^ JiA : He went far into the affair. jLil eJUsij : The fire
became kindled or blazed or flamed. J*^l : He became
inflamed with anger. Ci. J-I^Jl JjaAl or J> 44^ J*^! :

Whiteness of the hair became glistening in the head (19:5).

[aor. Ji*^ inf. noun : He or it struck or smote or rent

or reached the <3u~> i.e. pericardium, of his heart. : He
loved him. JUJi ii*J> : The love of the property reached the
pericardium of his heart i.e. he loved it intensely. :
He was or became vehemently desirous of the thing. l$i*«*> A3:
His love has entered beneath the pericardium of her heart or
rent it i.e. she loved him vehemently (12:31).

J*-i [aor. jiiwt inf. noun jii> and Jaa] ll^j &i> [iiiilj] : He or it
busied him, occupied him with such a thing. £ui> : He or it
kept him busy, occupied or employed so as to divert him from
it. \&> Lfi J*i> : He was kept busy with such a thing. Ci\y>\ Uki> :
Our property kept us occupied (48:12). Jaa and jii> and jJLi:
Business, employment, occupation. 6j4^ ^ <i? : They will be
happy in their occupation (36:56).

£<Li [aor. jiij inf. noun : He joined a single thing with another
so as to make it one of a pair, or he adjoined it to, or coupled it
with, that which was a single thing. \jj jlT : It was a

single thing and I joined to it another and made it one of a pair
or couple. £is> also signifies, he prayed; he supplicated, jiiJl :
Signifies the adjoining of a thing to its like. Thus the word has
the significance of likeness. jjLSj : He joins himself to another
and aids him, becoming to him one of a pair or a g$£ i.e.
intercessor. J**^ J\ tfh j> j\ d^b ^> : He interceded for such a
one with the prince; he requested or prayed the prince to help

444

or show favour to such a person on the ground that he was
attached to him as a relation or friend or follower; he requested
the prince to forgive his sins and crimes. j-LJl £ jiA : He
interceded between the people, ipliijl therefore means,
interceding or praying for a person to the effect that he may be
shown favour or that his sins may be passed over on the ground
that he is connected with the intercessor or is like or similar to
him, it being also implied that the petitioner is a person of
higher position than the one for whom he intercedes and pleads
and is also connected with him with whom he intercedes. *ij
a*ULA \#>L> : And intercession will not benefit it (2: 124). <s&\ \'s °y>
ilsfi £jLiJ : Who is he that shall pray or supplicate in His
presence or that will intercede with Him (2:256)? ^LsJl
signifies the adjoining of a thing to its like; making a single
thing a pair. ^aA : Contr. of yj ; an even number; a number that
may be divided into two equal parts; one of a pair. yjli j :
By the even and the odd (89:4). ,*4fA (plural is *UaA) : An
intercessor, as also £su (plural <5j*^ and <>*?LA). ^IA j*ftlii :
So there is no intercessor for us (26:101). Q&^L& iJj : Nor any
intercessor who will be heard (40:19). £l*iA °j* ft : Have we
then any intercessors (7:54)? jiA also signifies he or it was or
became tall or high. ^LSJ jaAI : Intercede thou, thine
intercession shall be accepted.

Jfi and jiA [aor. jiAj inf. noun jii>] jib : He was solicitously
affectionate towards him. >^iJl ji£> : He was niggardly of
the thing, j^fi (act. part.) is syn. with ^iiJ> and means fearing
or fearful or affectionate, kind or compassionate. y>^\ & jiA :
He was fearful of the affair. aIU j\ L> jiAi : He feared or was
cautious of him or it or was kind or affectionate towards him
and solicitous about him. J>ULA*ji (inf. noun) according to Imam
Raghib signifies, being affected with care or solicitude mixed
with fear. When it is transitive by means of j* , the meaning of
fear is most apparent in it; but when transitive by means of JIp,
the meaning of care or solicitude is most apparent in it, or it
signifies being affected with fear, sometimes mixed with

445

faithful or sincere or honest advice; and sometimes divested
thereof. Ifw j&Atj : And were afraid of it (33:73). Lx M 2> \ 1 : Did
you fear (58:14)? J*&\ Js- jiAl : He was affected with pity or
compassionate and tenderness for the child. J^Ji jaAI : The
man entered upon the time of i.e. redness in the horizon
from sunset until nightfall or the mixture of the light of day
with the blackness of night at sunset, evening twilight. ^
jiiib: But nay, I call to witness the evening twilight (84:17).
6j2i-li and jI&aJ (singular fa**) : Fearful. ^jZLzS JpllJl :
And they are fearful of the Hour (21:50). ' Jt&sS js*^' :
And thou wilt see the transgressors in fear (42:23). jlfA (syn.
with (3f^i) : Kind, compassionate, affectionate.

<uLi [aor. iiAJ inf. noun iiA] : He struck his iiA i.e. lip. ^iu> : He
put his lip near to his lip. iiA : The lip of a human being. biA
jLls^l: The two lips of man. J~*z>j UUJj : And a tongue and
two lips (90: 10). aaA e~y : A word. j*£}\ ^ i I : He has praise
among the people.

li-i [aor. ji-ii inf. noun jiA] and [^i-iJ JiA inf. noun £UA]. c-aA
J~wJi : The sun set or it was or became near to setting, or it set
save a little. JiAl : He was or became on the brink of it. JiAl
also means, he was or became in the last part of the night which
is termed JJJi IaA. liA : Point or extremity, verge, brink or edge
of anything. l_SS^JI LiA Jl* j* : He is on the point of destruction.
jUJl 5^-ULA Jlp i^aT : You were on the brink of a pit of fire
(3:104). ULA also means, a little; a small part or portion,
somewhat. UA Ul £L» ^ U : There has not remained of it save a
little. iJJi SbLA : God restored him to health. jIaAj ; It is He
Who restores me to health (26:81). fLUi alii. : He relieved
him from doubt respecting the question. 0 jjl* jdj :
And He relieve the minds of people who believe (9:14). l_£IaAj
Jl5 jl : His speech will please thee. £liA : To become free from
disease or sickness; to recover from disease etc; to become
convalescent; medical treatment; a medicine, cure or remedy. <&
^td! t\A& : For people there is cure in it (16:70).

446

Jj*S> [aor. j-Sj inf. noun Jp] j-i : He split, clave, tore or rent
the thing. Ua*Ji j-S> : He broke the staff, i.e. he separated himself
from the community, j^**^-^ 1 Ua* j-i : He created disunion and
dissension among the Muslims. cJ-JlJ-i : The vegetation
sprouted forth from the earth. Je°^ p : Then We clave the
earth (80:27). j-i : He crossed the river by crossing. jJ>
(inf. noun U^J) : It had a severe effect upon him; it distressed,
afflicted, fatigued him; it was hard, troublesome, oppressive to
him; he caused him to fall into a hard, distressing position
imposed upon or imposed upon him that which was
burdensome, oppressive or onerous. j£\ X>J Uj : And I

would not lay any hardship upon you. (28:28). oli. : He
opposed him and became hostile to him so that each side sided
with a different party; he acted inimically towards him so that
each side did the other what was distressing or grievous and
was in the opposite side. jUL* : Opposition; hostility; schism;
being mutually remote. This word, however, is not used about
the party which sides with the truth. (JUL* J>^^ f : They are
creating a schism (2:138). aAJi jSliJ J^j aJj^jj aJJi I j3li> L_£J'i
'dj^>jj : This is because they have opposed Allah and His
Prophet and whoso opposes Allah and His Prophet (8:14;also
59:5). J> fjill jjlij : The people contented and quarrelled

with each other and took opposite sides. °^Q> jj*^ f& '■ For
whose sake you opposed the truth (16:28). jLiJ : It became rent
or cloven in pieces. jLis fji : On the day when the heaven
shall be rent asunder (25:26). It is syn. with
And the moon is rent asunder. : The half. °Jj jd\ I j2j\

: Save yourselves from the Fire even though with the half of a
date (Hadith); the side of a thing or its counterpart; a man's
brother; a thing at which one looks; difficulty, hardship,
distress; languor or lack of power that overtakes the mind and
the body or such as overtakes a man in consequence of travel.
jJi?i\ j^j Ul : Except with great hardship to (yourselves) (16:8).
UJ> : The half or a piece of a garment; a piece or portion of
Hell; a far journey; a difficult road; a part, region, quarter or

447

tract towards with the traveller directs himself or in the
reaching of which one is overtaken by difficulty or a distress; a
journey; distance. llsJl o.a*j : But the distance (or hard
journey) seemed too long to them (9:42). j-S>t : Harder; more
troublesome; more difficult. jAI o'^j : But the
punishment of the Hereafter is harder (13:35).

(jf** [aor. Jz^j inf. noun SjliA and SjlSA and 5j£A] : (1) He was or

became unprosperous, unfortunate, distressed, unhappy or

miserable; jii> being cont. of ^> (see No.701 and SjULA cont.

of fliU-j ; (2) he was or became in a state of straitness, distress

or difficulty; he suffered or experienced fatigue. ajliA : Ill-luck,

unhappiness etc. (syn. with ej£A). UjjaA : O, our

Lord our evil fortune overcame us (23:107). SjULA is of two

kinds, (a) Jjjj^i (relating to the world to come) (b) "4^*

(relating to the present world). The latter is of three kinds: "4-^

(relating to the soul) and (relating to the body) and "4=r^

(relating to external circumstances). It also means, fatigue. U'li

IjiA ^jjJi : Those who will prove unfortunate (11:107). JiiaJ :

That thou may be distressed (20:3). ^ : Unfortunate;

miserable. %Aj ^LA j^lsi : Some of them will be unfortunate

others fortunate (11:106). JiAl : More and most unfortunate,

unprosperous, miserable; more and most fatigued. lg!iAI il:

When the most wretched amongst them got up (91:13). See

also No.701.
' i , s , „ « ,

i—5w» [aor. l_XaJ inf. noun l_£a] jiSlt l_Xa : The affair was or became

dubious or confused. ^ JCa : He doubted, wavered or

vacillated in opinion or was uncertain, respecting the affair.

y>^\ d& l_£a : The affair became confused or dubious to him, or

the affair was difficult or hard to him. '*&<Lz> ; I pierced

him with the arrow. l_Xa : Doubt; (cont. of ; wavering;

vacillation in opinion between two things whether they be

equal (in probability) or such that one outweighs (therein) the

other. According to Imam Raghib, it is the alternation or

confusedness of two inconsistent things in the judgement of a

448

man and their being equal. It is a kind or species of but it
is more special than this, for J#r is sometimes the utter
non-existence of knowledge of the two inconsistent things; so
that every l_£-*> is J#f but every J4*r is not l_X*>. According to
some, the primary meaning is a state of commotion or
disturbance of the heart and mind; scandal, hesitation,
suspicion; a kind of medicine which kills rats; a seam of a
garment. l_£-2> Jjl jf\ : Is there doubt concerning Allah (14: 11)?

jSwi [aor. 'j&Ij inf. noun and jj^i> and <j^£i>]. Sij^Aj : He
thanked him; he praised or commended him for a benefit; he
was grateful or thankful to him, or he acknowledged his
beneficence and spoke of it largely. Uij aAJUj SJJ ^Li>
Jji fiJLjj : He thanked God for His beneficence, or he was
grateful to God for His beneficence and spoke of it largely; he
acknowledged the beneficence of God and acted in the manner
incumbent upon him in rendering Him obedience and
abstaining from disobedience. fa'Ap ftj^> j£ : If you are
grateful, I will surely bestow more on you (14:8). U*j \j'jLi>\:
And be grateful to God for His bounty (16:1 15). 4l) °Jj»\ : Be
grateful to Allah (31:13). ^> (thankfulness) is of three kinds:
(1) with the heart or mind, which consists in forming an
adequate idea of the benefit received; (2) with the tongue,
which consists in praising, eulogizing or commending the
benefactor; and (3) with the limbs, which consists in requiting
the benefit received according to its desert. It rests upon five
foundations: (a) humility of him who renders it towards him to
whom it is rendered; (b) his love of him; (c) his
acknowledgement of his benefit; (d) his eulogizing him for it;
(e) his not making use of the benefit in a manner which he
(who has conferred it may) dislike. This is on the part of
man. *Jii> on the part of God consists in forgiving a person or
commending him, or regarding him with satisfaction, goodwill
or favour, and hence necessarily recompensing or rewarding
him. "Jib sometimes differs from for *j*Ji> is only on
account of favour received; whereas is sometimes because
449

of favour received and sometimes from other causes and this
the latter is of more common application than the former. 'Jis>
K*~> : May God recompense or reward his work or labour.
j&> : He was or became liberal or bountiful after he had been
niggardly. : The udder became full of milk, j jj^-i

*Jis> : Thankfulness or gratefulness. \*/j>J* iljl j\ : Or desires to
be grateful (25:63). ijii Jl tjiiPt : Give thanks, O house of
David (34:14) : Grateful or thankful (ojjfia and j^Tu
plural), ijjir U]j l^TLA Ul : whether he be grateful or ungrateful
(76:4). o/A^ i& ■ Will you then be grateful (21:81)? jS
j^fUSJl : And be of the grateful (7:145). when used about
God means, One Who approves or rewards or forgives. -SJJ1
^ }Tu : God is Appreciating or Approving and All-Knowing
(2:159). jj£i> is the intensive form of }fu and means one who
is very grateful or thankful or it simply means, thankful or
grateful. jj^> also means one who does his utmost in showing
his gratitude with his heart, tongue and other limbs, with firm
belief, or one who is thankful even for what is denied him. It
also means, one who sees his inability to render adequate
thanks. jj>LiJi j* : Few of My servants are grateful
(34:14). jjxA when applied to God means, He Who approves
or rewards or forgives largely or much i.e. He Who gives large
reward for small or few works; He in Whose estimation small
or few works performed by His servants increase and Who
multiplies His rewards to them. jj£i> "jjis- &J1 jl : Allah is Most
Forgiving, Rewarding (42:24). '/jLL* (pass, part.): Appreciated,
approved, rewarded. '■ Your labour has been

appreciated (76: 23).

[aor. inf. noun J~>Jz]: He was or became perverse,

stubborn or obstinate or ill-natured. i~i"U> : He behaved
towards him with harshness. Ij-ITUj : They treated one another
with harshness or disagreed with one another; jlfdlj JIUl
^L-i"Usj : The night and the day are opposed to each other.
<53»LfUww : Disagreeing with one another; and behaving with
harshness, or disputing together (39:30).

450

J>wi [aor. inf. noun j£a] "4^ J^-* : He bound the beast with
the J^w> i.e. a rope with which a camel's fore-shank and arm
are bound together. obSp' jiL*> : He dotted the book or writing
with the diacritical points. jiLi : Likeness, resemblance; model,
pattern, mode or manner; aim, intention or purpose; a thing that
is suitable to one, or fit or proper, a dubious or confused affair
(singular of Jl£i>9 ; a like (syn. with jL). <U&> ^Ij: And
others of a similar nature (38:59). aiflA is syn. with j£i and
also means: Particular way; natural disposition by which a man
is restricted (as with a Jl^A) ; his direction towards which he
would go; side, aim; intention; purpose, course, mode or
manner of acting or conduct. J"*** : Every one acts

according to his own way (17:85).

Owi [aor. j^io inf. noun and li^A]. (^^j j< ^ : He

complained to him or told him of Zaid's evil conduct to him.
X>&1S\ ; According to Imam Raghib it is the showing or
revealing of grief or sorrow; the primary signification of
being the opening of the small skin for water or milk called
3j£ii and showing what is in it, 2j£i> meaning a small
receptacle in which water or milk is put. J\ J» Ij&l Uil:
I only show my sorrow and grief to God (12:87). Jji J\ <^-^j :
And shows her grief to God (58:2). CL^\ hs- l£i> : He explained
his disease to the physician. aJJi J\ VyA l£i : He revealed or
disclosed his affair to Allah. a*Z>'j* l£i> : He complained of his
disease. \>J> is also said of a camel as meaning, he stretched out
his neck, and made much moaning, or prolonged utterance of a
complaining voice being fatigued by journey. Sl^JL? : A hole in
a wall not extending through; a niche in a wall for placing a
lamp; the pillar or the like upon the top of which the lamp is
put; the iron things by means of which the lamp is suspended
(Mujahid). £i~a? l^i '■ Like a niche wherein is a lamp

(24:36).

C^-Si [aor. Co-Jj inf. noun ajU-S. and oUi>] : He (an enemy) rejoiced.
4j c^Ji : He rejoiced at his affliction i.e. his enemy's affliction.

451

tjJJu £Ui iU-ii : God made him rejoice at the affliction of his
enemy. *.IapVI ^ c-j-JtJ ">li : So make not thou the enemies to
rejoice at my affliction (7:151). c-tA : He prayed for the

sneerer that he might not be in a state in which his enemy
might rejoice at his affliction. c-tiJ : The people came

back disappointed at not attaining their object.

£*J) [aor. inf. noun £j^>] J-^' : The mountain was high
or lofty. fJj* and ^i-i : He exalted himself; he was
proud or he behaved proudly; he elevated his nose from pride.
^U> J^r : A high, lofty mountain (^j^> plural). j^U : Proud.
£^U> J : A proud or high lineage. (Plural olx»U and ^j^>
and singular £?li>). ciuli ^'jj ^ : Therein high mountains
(77:28).

[aor. inf. noun ji-*>] djyjn : My soul shrank from it

in dislike or hatred. l^rjjX^J or jU-*>] : His face became
changed or altered on account of anger and contracted. jU-ij :
He shrank or became contracted; he quaked or shuddered or he
was frightened. 6j^Jd^ c?.^ <~>y* ^j^>\ : The hearts of those
who do not believe shrink with aversion (39:46). i^lii jU-*>i :
He disliked or hated the thing.

j*wo-i [aor. inf. noun J~^> and ^>ji^>] and J~*-5> [aor. Ju-Z*> inf.
noun J~^>] f jJl and J~^: The day was or became sunny;
the day was or became clear and unobscured, or its sun was or
became vehement. J^iJl j~i-*> (aor. inf. noun J*j1a) : The
horse refused to be ridden or became rebellious against his
rider or took fright and broke loose and ran away refusing to be
ridden by reason of the vehemence of his force of resistance.
J^Ji j^i-A : The man abstained from and refused to obey, thus
the word, when applied to a man, means one who does not
tolerate to give allegiance to another. J~L*J( : The sun; the sun
or sunshine. j~wJi J> jJ6 : He sat in the sun. (J»j*-5> plural). J
j~LjJ} : Do not worship the sun (41:38). j~wJi J**- :

He (God) has made sun give a brilliant light (10:6). 'J. j^>:
Such a one showed enmity to me.

452

[aor. llij and l^gJh aor. LuL inf. noun £ui> and alli>]. jt J*-^ £i>
«~S> : He hated the man or hated him vehemently. ^ : He
acknowledged his right or due and gave it to him. j\ jLi :
Enmity or hatred ^jS jui ^>j^u\i j : And let not the enmity of a
people incite you (5:3) £>ui> also means, hatred. ^iU : Hating
or hater; (act. part.), an enemy. ju^ j* uiuiU £l : It is thy enemy
who is without issue (108:4).

[aor. 44^ and 44"* aor. 44* ^ inf. noun 44*] : It was or became
of colour termed X£i> i.e. of a (gray) colour in which whiteness
predominated over blackness or in which whiteness was
interrupted by blackness. (aor. 4 4^ ) said °f beat and of
cold: It altered his colour, (44* plural) a brand or flame

(alii) of fire; a flame or brand of fire gleaming or radiating; a
firebrand i.e. a piece of wood in which is fire gleaming or
radiating; a shooting or falling star, ll^j &h : Finds a

shooting star in ambush for him (72:10). jL* Cj\&> : There
pursues him a bright flame (15: 19). C^£> j l&ji> : Filled with
strong guards and shooting stars (72:9). 44^' signifies the
shining or brightly- shining stars; or the seven stars (or planets;
meaning, not the pleiades (which are called but the

Moon, Mercury, Venus, the Sun, Mars, Jupiter and Saturn.
4 J 4^ a l so signifies, one who is penetrating sharp, or energetic
in an affair. <->°f- 4 J 4- i 5^* : Such a one is energetic and sharp in
war.

lf£ [aor. igij inf. noun ij4*]. Lr SJ^\ lgi> : He was present in the
assembly, Igi : He saw the thing and got information

about it. Ut^Ji lgi> : He was present at or got the Friday Prayer.
( ^1U Ijigil : Were they present at their creation (43:20)? ifi> &
jjL* ; whosoever of you is present at home in this month
(2:186). Jlle lgi> : He gave decisive information or testified
respecting such a thing; he became a witness of or to

such a thing; he had knowledge of such a thing and beheld it
with his eyes, tfte Jl£ : He gave his testimony

in the presence of the judge in his favour and against him. ^

453

\£X£-^jX$Ji : Why do you give witness (evidence) against us
(41:22). iA^j Ig-* : He swore by such a thing. ^AJb .ig-*> : He swore
by God. j* lit aJ] ^ ilji lgi> : God declares or God says or God
has given evidence or God has written or God knoweth that
there is no God but He (3:19). tfli ti\ U jl i$i>( : I declare or I
know or I acknowledge that there is no God but Allah, igio -a-U i j

j^f^ 1 o! : But God knows, or God says or declares that
they the hypocrites are certainly liars (63:2). Siati (inf. noun
alaiiJ) : He said it. lii" ^ : He made him to be present at
or to be witness of such a thing. Lsj^S\ : I made him to
have knowledge of the thing and to witness it or behold it with
his eyes. Jn> jSfij tAg At U : I did not make them

witness the creation of the heavens and the earth (18:52).
^.«iit ^s- : And He made them witnesses against their

own souls (7: 173). lit 'j^'j : And have witness when you
sell to one another (2:283). Slgiilil : He asked him or required
him to bear witness to what he had witnessed or seen or beheld
with his eyes, or to declare what he knew or to give evidence or
to give decisive information, jtKf* 'j'^-^'j : And ask or call
two witnesses to be witness (2:283). *JJi °J> igii : He was
slain as a martyr in the cause of God. Kf*> : (syn. with i»ii>) : A
witness; possessing much knowledge about external things
(£ii^> plural), Kf^^j 4^j^- : And let no harm be done to
the scribe or the witness (2:283); one personally present. Kf^'-
As a name of God, means The Faithful or Trusty in His
testimony or He from Whose knowledge nothing is hidden; the
Omniscient, oj^ 1 -* '■ And God knows and

witnesses what you do (3:99). One who is killed fighting in the
cause of God. £ilg-*> (plural of Kb*) '■ Witnesses; martyrs, ^ j
: And the witnesses should not refuse (2:283). '^tf ^

: Were you personally present (2:134). 'J£l^\j jlJ\

jIwJLAiij s-ilgijij : Among those the Prophets and the

truthful and the martyrs and the righteous (4:70). ^ l\x&> i)*iij:
And call to your aid those of you who possess much knowledge
i.e. your helpers or your gods (2:24). laU (act. part, and syn.

454

with JUfi) : One who tells or gives information of what he
knows or what he has seen with his eyes; a witness; one who
gives decisive information; an eye-witness or one personally
present or who has personal knowledge of a thing. liU ^s'y. laliji
flijj : The present one knows what the absent one knows
not. IfLat 1»U> igi>j : And a witness of her household bore
witness (12:27). JufJJt is also a name of the Holy Prophet,
because he will bear witness on the Day of Resurrection against
those to whom he was sent and who did not accept his
message. 1»LA : An angel or a guardian angel (50:22). 1»LA also
means tongue. IaIA *i j tlSl U : Such a one has neither
goodliness of aspect nor tongue; a notary who hears and writes
and attests cases to be submitted for the judgement of the
judge; a running in which a horse exerts his force unsparingly;
a quick or an expeditious thing or affair; an evidential example.
AaLsJi is also a name of Friday. ^j1aI^> and jdJ-»LSi and and
SlfAl are plurals of 1»U. ^jlaU : And they were witnesses
(37:151). ^J-aUJi Ulj : And I am with you among the

witnesses (3:82). iSj^-i jLu j : And sons abiding in his presence
(74:14). &*y&j> ^ Jl* f*J : And tne y were witnesses
to what they did to the believers (85:8). : People

present. 3l$-Hi J)£j : And the witnesses shall say (11:19). «l$i>:
Information of what one has witnessed or beheld with his eyes;
testimony, evidence, witness, decisive information; declaration
of what one knows. SS^iJl I j^Sj V : Conceal not the testimony
(2:284); the thing seen Si^Jjlj i^l p> : The Knower of what is
unseen and what is seen (6:74); martyrdom in the cause of
God; an oath, oiilgi. (plural): Oaths oiilgi. £ji : Four
testimonies i.e. oaths (24:7). X^li : Assembling, or a place
where people are present or assembled; an assembly; a funeral
assembly or procession; a place where a martyr has died and is
buried; the outward appearance of a person, ^a* ^ x$JJ> ja :
Because of the meeting of a great day (19:38). :
Something or the person about which or whom witness is
given. : And by the witness and that about whom

455

witness has been borne (85:4). Sj^jS^jj : A day on which
numerous persons are present (1 1: 104). ij4-**° J~^° : A place of
assembling at which numerous persons are present. Sij^
Xi°j£j> : A Prayer at the performance of which the angels are
present and the recompense of which for the performer is
registered. 1^ b\ '■ The recital of the Holy Qur'an

at dawn is ever witnessed (17:79). ijf-y> and i'jfc** and Sjii»:
Past and present and future.

[aor. inf. noun *£i> and ajfi] : He made it manifest or
public; he made it manifest; *&*£3> : He drew his sword, or he
drew his sword and raised it over the people. a^aU>: He hired
him by the month. U^fAl : A month passed over us; we stayed
in a place for one month. *£2> : The new moon when it appears
(J^O ; full moon (j^O ; a lunar month; a learned man. jjfA
and (plurals of 4*? J i* 1 j& '■ The month

of Ramadhan is that in which the Holy Qur'an was revealed
(2:186). f^*xJl ^-W' : And wnen the sacred months have

passed (9:5). 5 ^ jj : The reckoning of months (9:36).

J^-Si [aor. jg-ii inf. noun ijj&>] : It rose or became high or elevated
or lofty. j$-S> j\ J^Ji jfi (inf. noun jlg-5>) : The sound of
weeping became reiterated in his chest. jUj*Ji : The ass
brayed or he uttered the ending of his braying or the final sound
thereof, jlg-fc signifies the ending or final part of the crying or
braying of an ass, whereas ^ij signifies the beginning there of;
a high-sound moaning; a cry of distress. &&5> j "Jj> j l^i ^ :
Wherein their portion will be sighing and sobbing (11:107).
oUi 5^ Jf-* : Such a one uttered a single cry and died.
jAii>ji: A man whose anger is vehement.

l^-i [aor. j4-^d and ^-i aor. <_£^d inf. noun ^ : He loved,

or desired the thing most eagerly or intensely. ^UkJl jfi (aor.
j$ZS) : The food was good, sweet, pleasant and the like. ~ij&> :
Desire or longing or yearning of the soul for a thing, or extreme
or intense desire. It has a more intensive signification than
SSljl; appetite; lust or carnal lust; the object of desire or thing

456

oLi j Li

desired. frU-Jl oj^ ir? • With lust instead of women (7:82).
<1>\j$$> is plural, o j_giJl <5j*~j ^JJl • Those who follow their low
desires (4:28). StfLil : He desired it or longed for it; he desired
it eagerly or intensely; he loved it. L^£> means the same. U j>
jjAJl* 1 ,«4' " ^ ' 1 c^- tA I : And they will abide in that which their
souls desire (21:103). U l£Jj : And therein will be

all that the souls desire (43:72).

<— 'Li [aor. inf. noun 40-* and ^ : He mixed it; he

adulterated or vitiated it. Jjt^JI : He deceived the man in
selling and buying, acted treacherously towards him and
dishonestly. also means, he spoke truth or was veracious,
oj-* : A mixture; an admixture; a thing mixed with another
thing; what is mixed with something else; a thing with which
another thing is mixed. j* Ijj-^J : In addition to it a
mixture of boiling water (37:68); a piece of dough. <1>\j&\
(plural): A medley of sundry sorts.

jLi [aor. jj-ii inf. noun jj«*>] J— J»Jl jU> : He gathered or extracted
honey from the comb and separated it from the wax. AiilJijU :
He rode the beast in order to know its real worth. ]ii> : He
displayed his agility to show his power. J-«*)< j^i means

the same thing as above. &\ jti>l : He made a sign to him; he or
it pointed to it or at it, or indicated it. jUt : He made known
to him the manner of accomplishing the affair that was
conducive to good, and guided him to that which was right.
4\ ijlAU : Thereupon she pointed to him (19:30). >Vl J fljju :
He consulted him or with him; he sought his opinion or advice
regarding the affair; he discussed with him the affair in order to
find out his opinion (inf. nouns ajjlii and fljj-iwo. ^1 J> (iijjtii:
And consult with them regarding the affair (3:160). Ijjjlij (inf.
nouns fljjiiJ and »jjJJ> and jjui) : They consulted one another
or consulted together; they debated together in order that they
might see or draw forth one another's opinion or extract one
another's view, jjiiij Jp\'f '■ By mutual consent and
consultation (2:234). Sjj^wo and cs'jj-* signify the same:

457

Consultation, mutual debate in order that one may see another's
opinion; counsel or advice; a command or order; the extracting
or drawing forth. fe~> : They decide their affairs by

mutual consultation (42:39)

J^Li [aor. ijij inf. noun j**! ili : He abused such a one and
accused him. L r Ja*}\ <b £ti> : He became excited; his anger
became enkindled. Jsij-i : Flame or fire without smoke; heat of
fire or sun; flame of fire; thirst or vehement thirst; Jsij^> <o JUjt :
A thirsty camel; inveighing against or reviling; clamour. $
jU Ij> Slji : For them is a flame of fire (55:36).

t—S'ti [aor. l^j-Jj inf. noun Jfj-i] JfjJji : The thorn hurt or

wounded me or pierced my body. iT)iJi 3u> : He extracted the
thorn (from his foot). Vj^h\ cS\j> : The tree was thorny or
abounded with thorns. J^-^l t_fu : The man exhibited his
i.e. vehemence of might or strength or his prowess and his
sharpness. aZ'jJ* : Thorn; string; point of a spear etc; any
weapon or weapons; sharpness of weapons; strength or might
or vehemence there of in war and fighting; vehemence of
encounter and sharpness, ^y&i ~^°^> : The sting of scorpion. ^
o^^Ji J> : They have vehemence of might or strength or
valour in war. aijiJi ^'ij^ : The one without sting (8:8). j*
J> : He has effectiveness in the infliction of havoc

among the enemy.

«Li [aor. flj-iJ inf. noun aj-i] i^fj aii> : His face was foul, ugly. cJ> j-i
U# : His neck was long or short. tyr$\ c-aLA : The faces
became ugly.

[aor. i£y& inf. noun ^A] ^AAJl c£jA : He roasted, broiled or fried
the meat. £UJl ^ jA : He heated the water. e^jJl J-f*^: Like
molten lead which will burn or roast the faces (18:30). cSj-A :
Arms or hands and the legs or feet, or the fore and hind legs;
the extremities collectively; the head of a human being; any
part that is not a vital place where a wound causes death such
for instance as the legs; anything paltry or worthless, djllitefy.
Stripping off the skin even to the extremities of the body

458

(70: 17). or it may mean, eager to roast.

s-Li [aor. *UJ inf. noun t^t> and 4-4~-« etc.]: He willed, wished or
desired it (syn. with SiljO- Most of the scholastic theologians
make no difference between kLzJj\ and S^IjV' though they are
said to be originally different; for the former in the proper
language signifies, the causing to be or exist (syn. with
or the latter, the willing, wishing or desiring (syn. with lJ]o}\).
j&Jb *U °y>j *U °y ; Let him who will, believe, and let him
who will, disbelieve (18:30). t^> (plural is l^S>\): A thing;
anything; something, somewhat. i^S\ properly signifies what
may be known, and that whereof a thing may be predicated.
According to some it is a name for anything that has been made
to have being, whether an accident, or attribute or a sustenance,
and such that it may be known, and that a thing may be
predicated thereof. Some other writers say that it is an inf. noun
used in the sense of a pass. part, noun meaning, what is willed,
and meant or intended, without restriction to its actuality or
possibility of being, so that it applies to that which necessarily
is, and that which may be, and that which cannot be. Imam
Raghib, however, says that it denotes whatever is caused to be
or exist, whether sensibly, as material substances or ideally as
sayings, k&j \i\ J&tf ^ : Everything is subject to perish
except He (28:89). ijjf 15 l4*o*5 $ ■ He was not a thing spoken
of (76:2). Uli> ^J-\ ji : He is somewhat better than thou,
j^ij : It is of no account. Ulii \sLi> : Bit by bit. j£ y>*!\ & j*J
or t^> j^Sft "jfi <d J4J : A phrase frequently used meaning, he
has no concern with the affair. t^> y>^\ ^ j^S: Thou hast no
concern in the matter (3:129). i^i> also means, any one or
more, (i^r'jj 1 <ir? b\j : If any of your wives goes away

(60:12). It is also applied to the penis of a man. In algebra, it
signifies a square root. s.^i> l* is an expression of regret. *^>Ij
°JS* '■ Oh, what has happened to me. £ui>l (plural of t^>). ijklW
tS&\ : Do not ask about things (5:102).

oLi [aor. 444-! inf. noun and "*^J> and C ^ J>] : He became

459

white-haired or hoary. J-j *j cJlA: The summits of the

hills became white or hoary, oj^' O" : Grief rendered him
white-haired or old. The Holy Prophet is reported to have said
IgzLb : The Chapter Hud has rendered me old. J^Jl o^ 1 :
The children of the man became white-haired. 44* : The white
hair; old age; whiteness of the hair; 44^ '■ Whiteness of
the hair came upon him. Ci> J-I^ll JjuAI j : And the head glistens
with whiteness (19:5) 4^ 44* : Intense whiteness of the hair
(44~* syn. with 44*)- *4a : Grey-hair; old age. "£~>j dL» :
Weakness and old age (30:55). 44*1 : White-haired
white-headed or hoary. 44* and 44* are plurals. 44* 6^ jJ< J«w:
Will turn children grey-haired (73:18). Ojl^i cJlj : I saw the
mountains white with snow and hoar-frost. 44* used alone,
signifies, mountains, white with snow or with dust and some
say, white clouds. 44*' f j* : A cold and cloudy day.

^Ui [aor. inf. noun £lA and etc.]: He became an old or

elderly man. **vA : He called him by the appellation of £4* to
pay him honour or respect. 4^ £r* '■ He imputed to him or
charged him with a vice or evil, j4* (plural £_>A and ^>~*i
etc.): An old or elderly man; an elder, as meaning a man whose
age gives him a claim to respect; one in whom old age and
hoariness has become apparent; an old, weak and decrepit man;
a doctor of religion and law; a head or chief of a religious
fraternity; a chief of a tribe and the like; a reputed saint; any
man who is respected for his age, learning and dignity and
honour (i*!* feminine) £4* also signifies, a woman's husband;
an ancestor. <&te>\ ^ d>jj : He inherited generosity from
his ancestors; : The mountain-goat that is advanced in

age. £4*' : The seven or five planets i.e. Mercury, Venus,
Mars, Jupiter Saturn. jbJl j4* : Iblis, because of his having been
created of fire £lA Vjfij : And our father is a very old man
(28:24).

itSi [aor. Alio inf. noun ilA] Sa3\*}\ SlA : He plastered the wall with
the necessary material or with gypsum. iUi ilA : He raised the

460

building high. < r ^aii> ^ : He rubbed his skin with perfume,
^jJi ijiu : They strengthened and exalted the religion. J*r^' iLA;
The man perished. £Ui A^A : He built or made the building
strongly and raised it high. alA and j£a are used synonymously.
•ilA* (pass. part, from SLA) : Plastered with requisite material or
gypsum high or lofty, llii : (pass. part, from i^A) : Built
strongly and raised high. Both are used as syn. with each other.

jjsi : Lofty castle (22:46). a^IaJ (plural of l^ii). iXlli^j'J :
Strongly built and high towers (4:79).

^tSi [aor. inf. noun £_>a and ^A]. _p*Jb£_lA : He spread,
published, divulged information or a piece of news. ^ ^IA
j-ut : The information became spread, divulged or manifest
among the people. ^Lsj : That immorality should

spread (24:20). iiWi £ti : He filled the vessel. f%Ul £ti :
May peace alight and abide on you and follow you. ^ Jl* 4*IA
^'j j' : ( as a l so He followed him and obeyed him and
befriended him and agreed with him and strengthened him in
an affair or opinion. &1a : A separate or distinct party or sect of
men: This is the primary signification, so called from their
agreeing together and following one another; the followers and
assistants and partisans of a man; any people that have
combined in or for an affair; persons who follow and conform
with one another. is plural. The word 1<£a is applied to one
and to two and to a plural number and so the male and the
female. a*1aJi : The partisans of Ali. & : And °f

his party or followers was Abraham. (37:84). l*lA i^ilTj : And
they became divided into sects (6:160). ^Lai L&ai AiJj : We
have indeed destroyed the likes of you (54:52).

461

14

X ♦ ♦

Sad

Numerical Value = 90

463

tjfi The fourteenth letter of the alphabet, is one of the letters termed
Z~*°jl#> or non-vocal i.e. pronounced with the breath only,
without the voice. It has been used as an abbreviated letter in
the beginning of three Chapters i.e. Chapter Al-A'raf (7)
Chapter Maryam (19) and Chapter Sad (38). In the 7th Chapter,
this letter stands for the expression J-iil i.e. I explain, while in
the other two Chapters it stands for the Divine attribute JaU>
J)2j! or opjil JaU> or merely jiU^ i.e. The Truthful.

[aor. dJaj inf. noun *UJi C~~e j\ tUJi : He poured out or

poured forth water. lii> iUJi uli Ui : How We poured down

water in abundance (80:26). ^ J^J* : He let down the

rope in the well. £~s> : He put on his coat of mail. °p$s- *l~ai

olai le'j^ : Thy Lord poured down upon them the portion

or share, or severity of punishment; (^U*> ji or thunderbolt) ;

God severely punished them (89:14). : He or it was

destroyed. i£Ji j\ i$j <L~j> : He became affected with excessive

love for her. & CJp : Affection was poured down

upon him from above.

\- - K . , *, , i, . , , *.> , , l 8 , ,

[aor. C^j and W> aor jlii inf. noun jl> and s-j-i] :

The stars appeared. j£\ Jis JJ) <uji C> : He departed from (or

forsook) his religion to another religion, fii^illi (or simply

Ci»): He was or became a ^jU> : Sabian. Li> : He came

upon them unexpectedly. ji*Ji : He guided the enemy

to them. jj£jU<» and (^U> singular) : Certain religious

sects that were formed in parts of Arabia and countries

bordering upon it. The name was applied to the following

faiths: (1) The star-worshipping people living in Iraq; (2) The

faith which was a sort of patch-work of Judaism, Christianity

and Zoroastrianism; (3) a people who lived near Mosel in Iraq

and believed in one God but had no known Law or Book. They

claimed to follow the religion of Noah (4) a people who lived

round about Iraq and professed belief in all the Prophets of God

and had a special system of prayer and fasting (See Gibbon's

Roman Empire vol 5, p. 440, Muruj al-Dhahab by Masudy,

465

Enc. Rel. and Eth, Vol VIII under Mandaens; Jarir and Kathir
under (2 : 63). The word Sabians (js^U>) should not be
confused with the Sabeans. : One who forsakes his own
religion for another religion, cs'j^j ji^'j 'i^ 1 C?-^ s h\
C^e^y. The Believers and the Jews and the Christians and the
Sabians (2:63).

[aor. jr^i in f- noun Cr*] fi^ 1 Cr* : He came t0 tne P e °pl e in
the morning, or he attacked them in the morning. Jj^i £h> : He
watered the camels in the morning, l^jli* : He gave to him
a morning-draught of milk or wine. ^e> (aor. : He was

or became bright. (inf.noun : He was or became

beautiful or elegant, : Beautiful, comely. : Beauty.

: He came to him in the morning tUJl ^ jiJi : He
journeyed with the people by night until he brought them in the
morning to the water. j^Ji : Such a one explained to

me the truth. Cj\1* t'jZ Xtij : And there came upon
them early in the morning a lasting punishment (54:39). £4~*
J^r^Ji : He wished the man good morning. J^h aUi ^S^p : He
prayed that God may make his morning happy. ^Jp\ : He
entered upon the time of morning. \JlJ\* SJxiil J> £p>ti : And
morning found him in the city apprehensive (28:19). la*li>i
l_£UJi ^Ip\ j : We have entered upon the morning and so has the
whole country (a saying of the Holy Prophet). also means,
he awoke from sleep in the last part of the night. It also means,
he or it became in the morning (or simply it or he was or
became). «j j-^JlT dJi^e\i : And it was or became in the morning,
or the morning found it, like a garden cut (68:21). aJJi l^LL
^'j^aj^-j jj-LiJ : So glorify God when you enter evening and
morning. UJIp £4-^ : He became learned. \°y*^P& : They

became losers (5:54). and £C> and a^I^ (plural £il^0 :
Dawn or daybreak or first part of the day. ^'J-*^ : And
making raids in the morning (100:4). J~itf lit ^4^ij : And the
dawn when it breathes (81:19). ^ij^also means, the truth or a
clear or plain thing or case. ^Jsi\ ^\ : One of the names of
Mecca. ^p>j\ JJtf : The Cleaver of the daybreak (6:97).
466

Those who entered the morning (being plural of £~a» which is
act. part, from ^r^ 1 )- c^j-^> : Cut off by the morning

(15:67). £ll> (cont. of tl^S) : Morning or forenoon from
sunrise to noon, or according to some from midnight to noon.
lLJ>j l£tl> a4jI : I came to him in the morning and in the
evening. ^CaJi : The day of the predatory incursion of the
enemy, ^jlliii £l~> : So evil shall be the morning of those
who have been warned (37:178). When the Arabs had to warn
their tribe to be ready for the enemy attack i.e. when the enemy
came upon them and they had to warn their people, they would
say 9t#-tl>U i.e. the enemy has already attacked, so prepare
yourselves to meet his attack. £l~i* (plural ^Uw) : A lamp or
its lighted wick (syn. with £>j~») ; a large drinking-vessel of the
kind called £lpw also means, wide spear-head. °J> £CaJi
krbrj : The lamp is in a glass (24:36). f4i\^> Q&i tU-Ui Lyj : We
have adorned the lowest heaven with lamps (67:6). ^j^Ji £rfUa*:
The stars that are signs of the way to the travellers.

jL^fi [aor. 'j^di inf. noun : He was or became patient or
enduring; he endured trial or affliction with dignity, or he was
contented in trial or affliction without complaining; according
to some, he made no difference between a state of comfort and
a state of affliction, preserving calmness of mind in both states;
he maintained constancy with God amid trials. This is
intransitive use of the verb or the object HiJ may be considered
as understood. tJls Jlp ^Ji : I restrained myself to endure
such a thing. ~ £ s * t u l\Xi* j!Aa : Such a one was patient on the
occasion of affliction, t^Iil ^ '*j~e : He restrained him from
the thing. SjllJl 'j~e ; He restrained the beast and did not give
him food, t'^fi : He made him or it firm or fast; he bound or
tied him or it firmly or fast, a^-i also means, he stuck or clave
to him. i^Jl Js- 'jJeu H {jX> : My body will not endure cold
patiently. ijj^j P ■ Then they struggled and remained

steadfast (16:111). Ji* : They remained patient

notwithstanding their rejection (6:35). 'j^JaU\ : Is Syn with 'j~e :
He was patient or constant, \Qs-°JaU\'$ : And be constant

467

therein (20:133). 'Ji^p\ : He acquired patience or he was tried
with patience. Jl* 'j^-^'j : And stick to your gods (38:7).
a^U> : He vied with him in patience or endurance; he acted
patiently with him; he excelled him in patience or in bearing
hardships patiently, ^jkjijj ij^U>j : The three verbs are

progressive in meaning, the first meaning less than the second
and the second less than the third. Or be patient and vie in
patience and be steadfast (3:201). a^iU : How patient or
enduring is he. jVJf Js- U : How great is their endurance

of the Fire; how constant are they in doing deeds which lead
them to Fire; or how bold are they to encounter the Fire!
(2:176). : He demanded of him patience. J^J> : The
man fell into a calamity. : Patience or endurance or
restraining oneself from impatience or complaining;
steadfastness; constancy in good or bad deeds. jl^Jb i^^^'j :
And seek help with patience (2:46). life £ j\j : And Thou
pour down or bestow upon us steadfastness (2:251). J~&\ :
The month of Fasting. ^L>(^j^U> and jij\j> plural): Patient,
enduring, steadfast or constant. "Jo^pj> : Acquiring patience or
tried with patience, jC-*>: Having very great patience, denoting
measure and quantity. : One of the names of God

signifying: The Clement or Forbearing; One Who does not
readily punish but forgives and defers punishment. l^U> SuJ^-j :
We found him patient or steadfast or constant or enduring
(38:45). ji^Lill ^ ail jl : Allah is with the steadfast or the
patient (2:154). «>.U> aJU : One hundred steadfast people (8:67).
oi^L> (plural of 3^U> which is female of ^L^Jlj
cj\jiCal\j: The steadfast men and the steadfast women (33:36)
j)sLi : For every one who is very, very or extremely

patient and thankful (14:6). : Having great patience.

^Ifi [aor. inf. noun £p\ aIUj <u ; He pointed at him or
towards him with his finger, ^SjL!a\ U : What directed thee
to us? £j£Jl j£ ^r* : ^ e directed others to the people. ^Uk3l J>
He entered his fingers into the food. (^U^i plural) : A

finger; a toe. J*^ j*^ : Such a one is unfaithful,

468

perfidious. tJli» *J : He has a finger in this affair.

tils' £Lsi Jil j^r^) ^ J^' : The heart of the believer

is between two of the fingers of God. He turns it about as He
pleases. : One of the surnames of Satan. ^j^4*!U>i 5)^4

ji^jlil : They put their fingers into their ears (2:20).

£rfi [aor. and ^4 and inf. noun and oj^ 1 £r-* :
He dyed or coloured the garment. In the language of the Arabs
the primary meaning of £jal\ is to alter a thing, vj^ 1 ^ : The
garment was altered in colour. *UJi J> »X» ^ : He immersed his
hand in the water. The term is used by the Christians as
meaning the immersing or dipping of their children in water i.e.
baptizing them. ^j'jJaJi Ji fl^Jj : He baptized his son in
Christianity. dJjj*Ji 6}*^ : They colour and alter the hadith.

all* a1Ji £e\; God completed His favour upon him (£~1>I is
syn.). ^aJi jli; : He became settled or established in religion.
g*f : A dye; a sauce or condiment for bread to make it savoury.
^Jg^ g^j ; And a sauce for those who eat (23:21). a*1^> : A
dye; religion (syn. and the religious Law (syn. **tjJ>);
anything whereby one advances himself in the favour of God; a
kind or species; aJJi ajLa : (We will follow) the religion of Allah
(2:139) or (take the colour of Allah).

[aor. jI^j inf. noun fljli? and jli and jl^> and C-f and *Ci>] : He
was a youth or boy or child; he was or became youth fully
ignorant or foolish; he indulged in amorous dalliance. U Ci>
*te ; He engaged in play or youthful conduct, or he
indulged in amorous dalliance until hoariness came upon his
head. 0\ : He inclined towards her; he yearned towards her.
j^IJl CS\ : I will incline towards them (12:34). : A youth,
boy or male child (syn. with ; a young male child before he
is called fte (aL> female); also signifies, the edge of the sword;
the head of the human foot i.e. toe. lL> J> ^ °y> : Who is a
child in the cradle (19:30). O : East wind. Cf and :
Youth, boyhood or childhood. aC> j> L_£J'i : This was in his
youth.

469

[aor. C^at inf. noun XJ%U and *jL?w>] a1?w> and a-?-U> : He
associated, kept company or consorted with him; he was or
became his companion, associate, comrade, fellow, friend or
fellow-traveller. lUi *_£*-L> jl iBl ^S^e> : May God protect or
defend thee, u*^ : He guarded or protected such a one.

^■Uflj">\i : Keep me not in thy company (18:77). L>Ul J> U-^-U*
: Be a kind companion to them in worldly affairs (31:16).
jjXii & jUUj : Nor shall they be defended from Us (21:44).
C^^fi : A companion, an associate, a comrade, a fellow or a
friend; a fellow-traveller, an attendant; a master, lord;
possessor, an owner; an occupant inmate or a proprietor of any
thing; (<1>\*S\ plural). ^°y*^> {J^l* \*j : And your companion is
not mad (81:23). U : O my two companions of the

prison (12:42). oj^Ji ^-UaT j^sU j : And be not like the
companion of the fish (68:49). ^l*Jb e^-l&ij : And the
companion by your side or fellow-traveller (4:37). a>U>
(female of C^^fi ; its plural is L^Vyfi). a^-U> aJ j^j^j : And He
has no consort (6:102). J^y, C^\'yj^ jSLil : You are like the
female companions of Joseph (a saying of the Holy Prophet).

(plural of 4-^"^) • Companions; inmates, fellows etc.
jUi ulxii : The inmates or companions or dwellers

or owners of the Heaven and companions or inmates of the Fire
(7:45). >l)\*Js>\ : Owners or occupants of the elevated

places (7:49). ^\^e>\ : Dwellers or inmates of the flaming

Fire (9:113). : Dwellers of the Thicket or of the

Wood (15:79). >Ji : Dwellers of the Hijr (15:81).

<L>\*S\ : Followers or owners of the even path
(20:136). jJA; ob*.^ : People or dwellers of Midian (22:45).
^Vixii : Companions of Moses (26:62). :
Dwellers of the Well (50:13). JU-Lli ob^r? j^ii oiA^i : Those
on the right hand and those on the left hand (56:28,42).
UlLjl obw>ij fUlJi : Those on the right hand and those on the
left hand (56:9,10). ijl^i : Companions of the Trench

(85:5). jjiSJ' ^L^ 1 : Those who are in the graves (inmates)
(60:14). \0 <L>\^S\ : Owners of the Elephant (105:2). o^ii

470

J#S\ : Dwellers of the Cave (18:10). : Those who

were in the Ark (29:16). <L>\^p\ : The people of the city
(36:14). j^Uiob^i : Inmates of the blazing Fire (67:11).
clDi 4*^» : The People of the Sabbath. (4:48).

<Jt?w? [aor. u^Jsj inf. noun lil^Jtf] Ui&i : He read the word

wrongly, oh^ 1 Ji^e>\ : He collected the written pieces in a
volume. ii^w» : A written piece of paper or of skin; a writing; a
book or volume; a letter; the record of actions of a person that
is kept in Heaven. '^£j^e>: The record of his actions is
black. J«w> (plural of ia^w?). *4*^i t^w> : The Books of
Abraham and Moses: (87:20). ^°/}\ <J&l^s\\ : The former
scriptures or scrolls of Books (87:19). kbw> : A sort of bowl; a
round dish; 3\^s> (plural of *isw>) : Trays. pkfe :

To them will round dishes be passed (or round trays) (43:72).
Oj-iJ uJjsi\ \i\ : When the books are spread (81:11).

* , * , i .m , , *

f^fi [aor. j-i* inf. noun : &y\ cj°^si\ ; The sound deafened
the ear by its vehemence, : He struck him on the ear and
rendered him deaf, f^f '■ The crow pierced with his beak

into the gall on the back of a camel. J^J^Jb f^f '• He struck
upon the iron with the iron. 5^ : Such a one

accused me of a great crime and calumniated me. a^LaJi : A cry
that deafens by its vehemence; a severe calamity or misfortune
(80:34).

^sj?l j^e>\ : There became large number of rocks in the place.

S/wj : A rock. ~<(J>Jj&\ J\ tyji i) : When we took refuge on the
rock (18:64). (and jjswj and oi^^w?) is plural of S^w? and
means, rocks or great masses of hard stone. iijJW j*Jai\ I jjbf :
Hewed out rocks in the valley (89: 10).

X*p [aor. and -U^ inf. noun i j.u> and -U>] <up aj? : He turned
away, or kept back from him or it (intransitive). J4^ & : The
road turned aside. '3 jjjs> '■ They turn away from thee

with aversion (4:62). >S ji-i l_0 : I see in thee aversion. i-*U
: There is no evading that. ali (aor. I^j) (transitive):
He hindered him, prevented him or turned him away, from it.

471

*h\ J4~» Jr* dj^i '■ They turn (men) away from the path of Allah.

: He prevented. cS^' ^Uili ^Aj I : Did we keep you
away or prevent from the guidance? (34:33) ^ jaL? (aor. lii
and l«flj) : He cried out or raised a clamour at or by reason of
such a thing (inf. noun jl> and & (aor. JUaj) j*.Li> :

He laughed at such a thing or he laughed violently. £)AJl il^ :
The wound contained or generated matter such as is termed
ZjJfi or ran with such matter (as also £>*J' i^). ^f-* : Thin
water of a wound mixed with blood before the matter becomes
thick; or matter or pus, like water, in which there is a mixture
of red and white; or matter or pus mixed with blood in a
wound; what flows from the insides or skins of the inmates of
Hell and is mixed with water and blood; hot water boiled until
it thickens. J^J-p *U °y> Jilj : He shall be made to drink boiling
or festering water (14:17). and : The side of a valley; a
side, quarter, tract or the like; a mountain; a barrier or
hindrance; a cloud or collection of clouds rising high and
appearing like a mountain. JU> also means, the face or front of
the hand. aJJi J4~» JU> : To hinder from the cause of God
(2:218). aj^-j jU» : He clapped with his hands because in the
action of clapping the JU> (i.e. face) of one hand fronts that of
the other. So means, clapping with the hands or crying

aloud and clamouring. i&> c4*Jl.ile p&te &j : And

their prayer at the House is nothing but whistling and
hand-clapping (8:36). tf^JLaJ : He addressed or applied or
directed himself or his regard or attention or mind to him or it;
he asked him or petitioned him for a thing that he wanted; he
inclined towards him or it; he raised his head towards him or it.
csI^jaJcjU : Unto him thou dost pay attention or regard
(80:7).See also under the word <s<Ls.

j.Li? [aor. jiJaj and jJJsj inf. noun jli and jjiJ? and jli*] : He
returned; he went away. & Jjliijl^ : The saying emanated or
issued from him. J*iJi aJ.j1^> : The action proceeded from him.
&\ j1^> : He went to or came to it. fljl^ : He struck his heart.
: He had a complaint of the j.U> (chest). J-UlijiiJ J^jJ : On

472

that day people will come forth (99:7). ajajsi : He caused him
to return or sent him back or away. Uj^j Ujjjsi : We sent or
brought back our riding camels, satisfied with drink so that it
was not necessary for us to remain with them for the sake of
water. V^^jJ^u^ : Until the shepherds take away their flocks
(or return having watered their flocks) (28:24). : Anything
that fronts or faces one; breast, chest or bosom (often meaning
a man's mind), jl^ also means a part or portion of a thing. 4*3
°Ji ^ji>\ : O my Lord, open out for me my breast (20:26).
(jjJLi> plural). jl^J' oUj : Anxieties. jjlJsJi oli : What is in the
breasts. jjaJj' oi.L aJJi 5] : Allah knows best what is in the
breasts (3: 120). sjli J>U> : His bosom or breast became strait or
contracted. J;j.Li> jliw : And my breast is straitened (26:14). °y>
\jX«e> jis3b ^jJ> : Who opened and dilated his bosom to disbelief
(16:107). jjJah £->'j : Free-minded; liberal; free from care. jl*>
jajji : Having the bosom contracted. cr ±^S\ : Head of the
assembly; the highest part of the sitting-room, ^jilijli : The
chief or head of the people. jjijiJijli : Chief of the chiefs,
jjijj (plural). JjiijJi jli : The highest part of the valley, ^g^^j
jjjjji : And what the breasts conceal (40:20). ^tfijliJi : The
chief minister.

^JJp [aor. ^jJsj inf. noun ^U*] '&te> : He split, slit or clave it (syn.

; he split it so as to divide it in halves; he slit it so that it
did not separate (as also ^U>). : He separated the

people. i^iJi dJ-iLfi : I made the thing distinct from others; I
made the thing clear, plain or manifest, £_.w>: He traversed
the desert. : He journeyed through the night,

J^b: He spoke the truth openly or aloud discriminating
between it and falsehood. y>y Uj ^ajsli : So proclaim thou or
declare open that with which thou art charged; reveal thou and
make manifest or plain that which thou art charged or
commanded; utter openly or proclaim or declare openly or
direct thy course by that with the preaching of which thou art
charged; or cleave thou or divide their congregation by
separating the believers from the disbelievers with that with

473

which thou art charged (15:95). as also signifies the
act of separating or dispensing or scattering. U^^li : He
directed his course to such a one because of his generosity.
t^iJi ij\ ds-iLfi : I inclined towards the thing, hi tix^ : He
turned him away from him or it. of which ^jLasi is a

variant: It became separated or dispersed or scattered. ^Ujj
fjiii: The people became separated jjpi^i ^>y, : On that day
they shall become separated into parties (30:44). apJU> : It
affected him with headache as though it made his head to split.
csKp 1 Ig*^ '■ The sounding of the mill-stone affected me
with headache. ^jJ? jt ^jJs : He was or became affected with
^laj? (headache). if* ^jiLplji ; No headache will they get there
(56:20). aJJi X~L?- ja \il^> \ki>y- : Humbled and rent asunder for
fear of Allah (59:22). : A cleft, split, slit or crack; a part or
portion, separated of a thing; the plants of earth because they
cleave it. oli Jej^j : And the earth which splits (with

growth of plants and trees) (86:13). also means, a man

light of flesh; a company of men; a woman who makes a
division in the state of a people and does not repair it.
\i°x^> i^JLli : He split the thing in halves.

<3 Up [aor. 3X^oj and 3^oj inf. noun 3X^>] : He turned away or back
and declined. <Sj%^! (►* p '■ Yet they turn away (6:47). hi £>te> :
He turned away from, avoided, shunned or left him. If* <3&>j :
And turns away from it. Uj^i ji c?-^ '■ Those who turn

away from Our Signs (6:158). U!Aa 3x^> \ He turned away such
a one (transitive). 3aJ?i is derived from 3xlp which is inf.
noun from and is applied to a horse or camel which has

thighs near together and the hoofs far apart, with a twisting of
the pasterns or a crookedness in the fore-legs. ; Anything
high or lofty such as a wall and a mountain; the side of a
mountain or the part between two mountains; any building or
structure that is lofty and great; the place or ending of a
mountain, jtiiiJl also means, two mountains making together.
j£jjai\ : When he had levelled up the space between

two mountains (18:97).

474

[aor. Jli* inf. noun jX^e and Jlf ] : He spoke, said, uttered or
told truth or he was true (cont. of <L>Xs ). Imam Raghib says that
til*? and oji" are primarily in what is said, whether relating to
the past or to the future, and whether it be a promise or other
than a promise; only in what is said in the way of information.
(31-? he says, is by implication the agreeing of what is said with
what is conceived in the mind and with the thing told of,
together, otherwise it is not complete <31«?. J> Jl-* : He

told or spoke the truth. ijSl> £X\\ : It is these who have

proved, or who are, truthful (2:178). Jlsiii J> Jjli> : He fought
well; he gave a good account of himself in the fight. aSjL>
l^l^v. He gave him sincere advice or was sincere to him in
giving him advice. ^Ja\\ : The dawn shone clearly. ^il>
: He fulfilled his promise to me; he was true to his promise
with me. aJJi jlal£U ijil^» : Who have been true to their
covenant with Allah (33:24). lijjji tijZtj aJJi ail : Certainly
Allah has fulfilled for His messenger the vision (48:28). :
He accepted the truth. ^ Uj Ji-*^ : He neither accepted the
truth nor said Prayers (75:32). aS1> : He attributed or ascribed
truth to him; he accepted or believed to be true what he said; he
said to him "You have spoken truth"; he held or declared him
or proved him (or it) to be true or a speaker of truth; he verified
him or confirmed the truth of what he said (syn. '&»■). Ji^j
C&o'yA^ : He testified to the truth of the Messengers (37:38). &
bj^Ji cJLfi : You have proved the dream to be true, or you have
fulfilled the dream (37:106). t& 9^ ■ She fulfilled in

her person the words of her Lord (66:13). J4^] pffe :
Iblis found his calculation or judgement concerning them to be
true (34:21). : He extracted from them the Sj^j i.e.

poor-rate. alU Jli j\ <C±t. $La3 : He gave him J51> i.e. charity or
alms. It also means, he asked or begged for charity of alms.
£ip jjuajj : And be charitable to us (12:89). \°J&sj ji ill : Unless
they remit it as charity (4:93). (31-? : (1) Truth, veracity or (2)
agreement of what is said with what is conceived in the mind
and with the thing, of together; (3)hardness, firmness,

475

compactness or soundness, syn, with sia ; (4) strength, power
or force; (5) vigour, robustness (6)courage, bravery. JJUp J^-j :
A man of good nature or disposition or character (cont. J4j
*)-j). jJL^ ojj : A cloth of good quality. J-UaJb o^j : And he
rejected the truth (39:33). Jl^> ^JU ^ jl : They have a sure or
firm footing (10:3). Jl^ijJ : A good or excellent abode
(10:94). Jl^> Jj&a °J> : In an eternal and honoured abode (54:56).
<jiU> (act. part.): Truthful, true or veracious; speaking or saying
the truth. ^sLp jLf : Eminent or exalted veracity. 4iiU> iU*- :
An earnest assault. flj">UJi jiU* Very sweet dates. jtj
laaU> : And if he is true or truthful (40:29). oj*iU> and ^iU* are
plurals of : (6:147; 2:24). oiliU* (plural of and
feminine of (33:36). jji^ : One who speaks or tells

much truth or often; one who is habitually truthful or the
quality of whose truth is very eminent i.e. one who is always
and eminently truthful; one who confirms his saying by deed or
act; one who never lies and by nature or habit being truthful, is
incapable of telling a lie (intensive form of <jjiU<>). \&.Ls jtf k>\
0: He was a very truthful man and a Prophet (19:42). oj^-H^ 1
and jrfiliJl are plurals of J*!.? (57:20; 4:70). JjJ-> : A friend.

jJJb^lij : Nor any loving friend (26:102). Jl^i : more and
most truthful. aJJi ja Jjl^i j*j : And who is more truthful than
Allah (4:123)? jjjijJaj (inf. noun of meaning a fulfilment
or confirmation or verification. is&\ Jdf^ j^Jj : On the contrary

it fulfils that (10:38). Jl^w : Fulfiller; conformer; collector

of the poor-rate, jlii (act. part, of Ji^). There is a difference
between simple jJUm and <b JJLi* and aJ Jlii. When the word
is used in the sense of holding a thing to be true, it is either
followed by no preposition or is followed by preposition <-». But
when it is used in the sense of fulfilling, then it is followed by
the preposition fi. Jji 'J* UlSy ISjUw : Shall confirm or testify to
the truth of a word from Allah (3:40). ^» UJ liJUu : Fulfilling
that which is with them (2:92). (plural of <3>Uw). ^ ^JSo'l

^l^Xli : Art thou indeed among those who believe it to be true
(37:53). jl^i and jliai are syn. : One who gives alms. ^J-^

476

>

(plural of j'f^) and olSl^i (feminine). Those men who give
alms and the women who give alms (57:19). ^liliJij
c Xt g u Jlj : And the men those who give alms and the women
who give alms (33:36). aili : Anything given to win the
pleasure of God; alms or charity; Zakat i.e. the prescribed
poor-rate (4:115). oilli (plural). cJjJsi\ ijlj : If you give
alms openly (2:272). c^juiJi Uj) : Indeed the Zakat is for
the poor (9:60). 5i_}J( &&>\ : He appointed for or assigned the
woman a dowry. and (js 1 -*-? and aII^ : A dowry; nuptial

gift or gift given to a bride, oilli plural of (*$Lp). *LlJi lyij
jf^'^> : And give the woman their dowries (4:5).

[See under 1^].

^J? [aor. and ^a* inf. noun ^ and j-i>^> jl J^J^> : The

man cried vehemently. *^lli^> : The thing made a creaking
sound. : He thirsted so as to hear a ringing in his ears. 'j^'j^e
JUJi : He collected together the property and put back what had
become scattered of the extreme portions thereof. : The

bird uttered its cry. oQJi ^> : The herbage or plant became
smitten by cold or intense cold, j-fi : Cold or intense cold (as
also j-Pj-p) ; cold that smites the herbage and the seed-produce
of the field and destroys it; noise and commotion; fire; a wind
with an excessively loud sound. ^ Igli q4 j JsiT : Like a wind
wherein there is intense cold (3:118). 3j-> : Vociferation or
clamour; the most vehement clamour or crying; a contraction or
much contraction and moroseness or sternness of the face on
account of dislike or hatred; a company or an assemblage. ciiti
a^> j> A3\'j>\ : Then his wife came forward crying (51:30). £4j
^p'j^p : A wind intensely cold, or vehemently loud. Ij&ali
: They were destroyed by an intensely cold or fiercely
roaring wind (69:7). j->t : He persisted or persevered in a thing
or kept to it perseveringly. I^&LU ^4 ^ : Then proudly persists
in disbelief (45:9). alii Jl* ^ : He persevered in doing it. The
word is generally used for persevering in doing a bad deed or
crime or sin. cJaJi : He persisted in the sin. Jlp j\

477

aUs : He determined or resolved upon going on in doing it and
not turning back. ^jS^ ^r^ 1 <J* : And they persisted in

great sin (56:47). ijl*sU Jlp : They do not persist in

what they do (3:136).

[aor. £jJsj inf. noun £j->] £jJ> : He explained the affair.

: A jJaS i.e. a place or pavilion; any lofty building; a single
house or chamber built apart, large and lofty. (£jjJ? plural).

jJ-i\ : Enter the palace (27:45). j»AJi ^->i> : Courtyard of
the house.

[aor. f^at inf. noun and £}'j*>] : He called or called out;
he cried or cried out vehemently; he called or cried for aid or
succour. l££ oj^A^i (Uj : And they will cry therein for help
(35:38). fjili : He aided or succoured the people as also
: He aided or succoured another, in answer to a call
or cry. £_ jJ« (act. part, from £j^>0. Aiding or succouring; an
aider or succourer. jj^j^zlj Ui U : I cannot succour you i.e. I am
not your succourer (14:23). k-jJ^j : He called or cried to him
for help or aid or succour; he invited or urged or induced him
to call or cry vehemently for aid or succour. jLJ^i ^^iaii :
There came to the man a cry informing him of an event on
account of which his aid was invoked, k-^isl* a^as^i :
Who had sought his help yesterday, cried to him again for help
(28:19). fA^P : Cry for help or succour; who cries for help; an
aider, helper or succourer. ju^yi : They will have no
succour or no one to succour them (36:44).

JpIj^? Way, path, road. J»ij^> ii» : This is the straight road or

path (3:52). ^%^\ >i> : The path or way to the Fire(37:24).

^jJ? [aor. ^jJw inf. noun and and : He threw

him down or prostrated him on the ground. ^ : The

trees were cut and thrown down. £^J> : He was affected with
epilepsy; he was affected with diabolical possession or
madness. (plural J*°s*>) : Thrown down or prostrated on
the ground; affected with epilepsy; affected with diabolical
possession or madness; it also means slain, ^i&l £>j-i» : He
478

passed the night prostrated by the influence of the cup of wine.
Jt-°j~p **j&> : I saw their trees cut down and laid prostrate.
Ji.°j^> Lgla ^s'jk : So that thou mightest have seen the people
therein lying prostrate (69:8).

[aor. ^jJsj inf. noun <-*°j~p] &j~p : He turned, sent or put him or
it away or back from his or its way or course. lJup £Ui uijj?
Ji^\: May God avert from thee harm. cij-> : I embellish
the speech by adding to it and altering it; \X> Jit : He
turned him or it to such a thing. 3°j^ai\ : The turning or sending
or putting a thing away or back from its way or course; the
averting or repelling of it therefrom or its shifting from one
state or condition to another. p4>°j& £Ut : Allah has turned
away their hearts (9:127). £*Ji # \j* 3#\ ul>> k : When We
sent or turned towards thee a party of the Jinn(46:30). & j^^>
Jitjt : I shall turn away from My signs (7:147). li}-i> j j^I k llj Ui :
So you cannot avert the punishment (25:20). jkjS\3°j^ :
Mishaps and calamities of time; artifice or cunning; j j^aU Ui
may also mean, so you cannot put in practice or use any
artifice or cunning. also means repentance, excellence or
superiority in goodness or value; the night. jti^ill signifies the
night and the day. : ( passive part) A thing averted. J4I

\ij'j^aj> : It shall not be averted from them (11:9). : A

place of turning away or back i.e. refuge. U ^pj> I fa :
They will find no way of escape or place of turning back
(18:54). frjiJl i3^> : He employed the thing in more than one
way. i3j-> : He derived one part of the speech from
another. Juj^azfi (inf. noun) in its primary acceptation is like
3°jjsi\ in the primary acceptation of the latter, but generally
relates to several objects or is used in an intensive sense. uij^aj
£t£Jt signifies the turning of the winds from one state or
condition to another or from one direction or course or way to
another or the ma